CBIC

### Control Number 

# 362737 G 

## nEENWTcH 

# cuEMrcALcoN suLrrNG,ffi$"h'##,t

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### Trleruour, 561.57 8.8 I 10 Fec:srH,trr-n 561 .57 8. B 120



### November 27,2014

CONTAINS 

### NO CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS 

### INFORMATION

Bv Fedetal Exuress



## - OPPT Docurnent 

### Control Office U.S. 

### Environmental Protection Agency 

### EPA East 

### Building Room 

### 86428 

## 12}l Constitution Ave., 

### NW Washington, 

### DC 20004 

### Attn.: TSCA Section 4


# Re: Significant 

## Technical Issue Encounteted 

## with Testing Conducted 

## by Univar USA undet the TSCA Section

## 4Test Rule 

## on

## the Testing

## of Certain 

# lligh Production Volume Chemicals: Second Grcup 

### of Chemicals 

### D-erythto-Hex-2-enonic acid, .gamma.-lactone, 

### monosodium salt 

### cAS 

## RN 6381-77-7 

### (Sodium erythotbate) 

### Docket 

## Identification No. EPA-HQ-OPPT-2007-0531.; 40 

### CFR 799.5087 

### Dear Sir/Madam: 

## On behalf 

## of its client, Univar 

### USA 

## Inc. flJnivar 

## or the Comp arry),

### Greenwich Chemical 

### Consulting, 

## Inc. (Gteenwich Chemical Consulting) submits

## to the U.S. Environmental 

### Ptotection Agency 

## EPA or the Agency) 

### information 

## on

# ^ significant technical issue 

### encountered 

### during testing conducted 

## onthe chemical substaflce, 

### D-erythto-hex-2-enonic acid, .gamma.-lactone, 

### monosodium salt [CAS 

## RI{ 6381 

### -77-Tlwhich is

### curently subject 

### to a

# '"*T,1i','^l[3",i,T5f-ffi 

# '# U.S. Environmental Protection Agency November 21,201"4 Page 2


## Toxic Substances 

## Conttol

## Act GSCA) Section

## 4 test ruIe.1 

### Specifically, 

### as 

## pafi

## of the 

### labotatory's 

### method development 

## urork ahead

## of the required ecotoxicity testing,

# it was 

### determined

## thatthe test material undergoes 

### rapid hydrolysis 

### when placed 

## in water. The materialwas

### found to be unstable 

### in water and hydrolysis occurs 

### in a 

### matter 

### of a

### few hours. 

### Through this lettet, Univat requests 

### technical guidance 

### from EPA on 

### howto proceed 

### with this testing. 

# I. General 

### Bachground 

## As a matter

## of background, 

### this test 

### rule addresses 1,9

### hlgh production 

### volume 

## (HPU chemicals

### that went unsponsored 

### under theAgency's 

### voluntary 

## HPV Chemical Challenge 

### Ptogtam. 

### One 

## of the 19 chemicals 

### identified 

## in the rule 

## is D-erythro-hex-2-enonic acid, 

### .gamma.-lactone, 

### monosodium salt

### which is 

### identified herein as sodium erythorbate. 

### The rule tequires manufacturers and 

### importers 

### of these 

### HPV chemicals, 

### including sodium erythorbate, 

## to conduct testing 

## to obain screening 

### level data

## for human health effects, environmental effects, chemical fate, and 

### physical/ chemical prop erties. 

### The Agency has issued 

### this test 

### rule under its

### TSCA Section 

### +(a)(t)@) authority based 

### on its 

### determination 

## that 

## HPV compounds, includrng 

### sodium erythorbate, are 

### "produced in substantial quantities; there is 

### or may be 

### substantial human exposure 

### tothem; 

### existing data are 

### insufficient 

## to deterrnine 

## or ptedict

## theit health and environmental effects; 

### and testing is 

### necessary

## to develop 

### such data."z

## The final rule identifi.es

### the following studies 

### and test 

### ptotocols ofl sodium erythorbate: 

### n-Octanol/Watet Partition 

### Coefficient [40 

### CFR 799.6755, 

### ASTM 

## E 1147-92, 

### or 40 

### cFR 799.67s61 Ready 

### Biodegradation3 

### Aquatic 

### Toxicity Tes tinga: 

### Acute 

### toxicityto fi.sh 

### [ASTM 

### E 729-96] Acute 

### toxicityto Daphnza 

### [ASTM 

### E 729-96) 

### Toxicity to plants 

## (rlgrE [ASTM 

## 8 1,21,8-04'1]
Har1an 

### Labotatories 

### Ltd. (Hatlan Laboratories) was selected 

### to conduct all

### of these tests. 

### Also, Greenwich Chemical 

### Cons"lti"g is serving as

### the study 

### monitor for this testing.

rlanuarv 7.2011:76 Fed. Res. 1067. 2Id. at 1069. 3The test rule identifies six ISO protocols and one ASTX,{ standard 

### for biodegradation testing. selection depends on the test substance's physical and chemical properties. 

### I Because the n-octanol/water partition coefficient is expected 

### to be signif,rcantly lessthan 4.2 compound's high water solubility, Test Group 1is expected to apply. The protocol basedon the

### CONTAINS 

### NO CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS 

### INFORMATION U.S. Environmental Protection Agency November 21,,201,4 Page 3 

## II. Significant Technical Issue 

### during Method DevelopmentWork Ahead 

### of Ecotoxicity Testing



## - Harlan Laborator{es recendy advised 

### Greenwich Chemical 

### Consultingthat 

## in the method 

### development 

## work ptecedingecotoxicity testing,

## it was determined 

## thatthe sodium 

### erythorbate rapidly hydrolyzes 

### in water. Specifically, 

### the laboratory reports 

### that a 100

## mg/L aqueous 

### solution undergoes 600lo

### hydrolysis

### withrn three (3) hours. 

## In addidon, 

### a 10 

### mg/L aqueous 

### solution undergoes 100o/o 

### hydrolysis 

### within this same 

### time period. See 

### attached 

### file containing 

## th. report 

### from Harlan Laboratodes describingthis technical issue. 

### As discussed 

## in the report, the laboratory 

### undettook addrtional 

### efforts 

## to stabilize

### the matedal 

## in water. 

### However, nofle 

### of these 

### efforts were successfirl. 

# A conference 

## call between 

## the labotatory 

## and Greenwich Chernical 

### Consulting was 

### subsequently 

### held

### to discuss

### this issue. 

### During the callthe 

### laboratory indeed 

### confrmed that

## it was 

### not possible 

### to suffi.ciently stabilizethetest 

### item inwater 

### to enable the 

### quantitative analysis 

### to be

### petfotmed dudng the planned 

### ecotoxicity testing. 

### Moreover, Flarlan 

### Laboratory had 

### no suggestiofls 

## oll how

## to stabilize 

### the material 

## in water despite

## its sigruficant experience 

### in conducting ecotoxicity testing. 

### Thetefote, through this lettet, we are 

### requestrng technical guidance 

### from the 

### Agency on how 

## to ptoceed 

## on this mattet. 

## In the absence 

## of EPA being able

## to provide such technical Euidance, 

### Univar teguests

### that EPA give ever,v 

### consideration 

## to eliminating 

### the three (3) 

### ecotoxiciW studies

### ftom the tests 

### reouired 

### under the

### TSCA Section 4 test 

### rule. 

### This is because 

### there 

## is no practical reason 

## or scientific justification 

## for measuring 

## the ecotoxicity 

## of a substance 

### that immediately hydrolyzes 

### in water. 

# III. Likelv Extension Reouest Based

### on the significant technical issue 

### described above and

## in the case

### where this issue can 

### be 

### resolvedandthethree (3) 

### ecotoxicity tests 

### petformed, 

## it is highly 

### likely that an extension request beyond the 

### Febru^ry 11,,2015 deadhne

### will be needed. 

### Underthis scenaflo, 

### Greenwich Chemical 

### Consulting 

### will subrnit suchan extension request

### to EPA on 

### behalf 

### of Univar.

### CONTAINS 

### NO CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS 

### INFORMATION U.S. Environmental Protecdon Agency November 2'1.,201,4 Page 4



### Univar thanks theAgency 

## fot its considerarion 

## in this matter. 

### For all questions, comments, and 

### determinatiofls coflcerning this 

### matter, please use

### the contact 

### information given below. 

### Mr.John 

### V. Massingale 

### Greenwich Chemical 

### Consulting, Inc. 3300 

### PGA Boulevard, Suite 635 

### Palm Beach Gardens, F'L33410 

### Telephone: (561) 578-81 10 

### Facsirnile: (561) 578-81 20 

### E-mail: ioh n(r},urc.ci. 

### com
Sincerely,



### John 

### V. Massingale 

### Principal

Ms. 

## I{. Gilje

# - Univar Ms. S. 

### Lilley

# - Univar 

## Mt.J. Schaeffer

# - EPA

### Study 

### Numbert 414fr1176 Summary of method development 

### for d-erythro-hex-2-enoic acid, gamma lactone, monosodium salt.

Figure

### l: Chemical structure of the test item It was suspected that given the sffucture of thetest itemthat it was likely to undergo rapid hydrolysis when exposedto aqueous media. The test item was initial dissolved in ROwater and injected on a

### Cl8 column looking at245 nm. 

### It was run isocratic at 50/50 0.1%formic acid in RO&IeCN. The peakwas not retained, agradient starting at 95% aqueous 

### to 100% organic and the peak was still not retained. Other columns were tested however no retention was possible. The test item solution was scanned in positive mode on a mass spectrometer and a response at 199 m/z was seen,this correlates to the sodium adduct of thetest item. After 24 hours another scan was carried out of thetest item solution and the 199 ion was not seen, afresh standard was prepared and the 199 ion could be seen. No other ions were seen inthe old standard that were not present in blank spectrum. 

### A UV scan between 200to 400 nm was carried out on both the fresh and the old standard.

### A large response was seen at?45 nm for the fresh standard however the response had significant decreased in the old standard. This data correlates with the idea that the test item is rapidly hydrolysing andthe standard solution is not stable. The test item was found to be soluble in Methanol, standards were prepare in at 100 and

### l0 mElL. Thesewere then analysed by LC-UV and after

## - 3 hours the response for the 100 mg/L standard was approximately 40Yoof the original response, after the same period of time the 10

### milL standard was undetectable. This implies that thetest item is not stable in MeOH. Other solvents were tested to see 

### if it was possible to obtain asolutionwhich was stable. It was seenthat thetest item was insoluble in Acetonitrile, THF, Hexane, MTBE and DCM. As it was insoluble in other solvents, an attempt was made to stabilise thetest item in awater solution by

### acidiffing to the solutionwith 57o acetic acid, the UV response dropped byapproximately I 1% over 2.75 hours. This isstill not acceptable for areproducible analysis. 

### A further attempt was made by the addition of phosphoric acid (3%).

### A 100 

### milL standard was prepared in this phosphoric acid solution, this was then analysed by LC-UV, the response dropped 

### by 

### ll% over 90 minutes and was approximately 52Vo ofthe original response after 4 hours. Therefore the test item is not stable in an acidic solution. Due to the factthat no wayof stabilising the test item in solution could be found and that no response either by mass specfometry or 

### UV detection could be identified for a degradation product 

### it is not possible to analyse for the presence ofthis test item in the ecotoxicology analysis samples. + Na

### FedEx Ship Manager 

### API Label Page

From: (561) 578-8110 JOHN V. MASSINGALE Odgin lD: PBIA GREENWCH CHEMICAL CONSULTING, INC. 33OO PGA BLVD SUrIE 635 PALM BEACH GARDENS, FL 33410

SHIPTO: {202} 564-8330 OPPT 

### Document 

### Control Office U.S. 

### Environmental ProtectionAgenc Room E6428; EPA 

### East Bldg. 1201 

### Constitution Ave., NW 

### Washington, DC 20004 

### Page 1

## of I

Ship Date: 21NOV14 ActWgt 0.5 LB CAD: 1031 60523/UI/SX12600 Delivary Address Ear Code

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