[Cite as State v. Allen , 2022-Ohio-268.]

COURT OF APPEALS STARK COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

STATE OF OHIO : JUDGES: : Hon. Earle E Wise, Jr., P.J. Plaintiff-Appellee : Hon. William B. Hoffman, J. : Hon. Craig R. Baldwin, J. -vs- : : JAMIE EARL ALLEN : Case No. 2021CA00051 : Defendant-Appellant : O P I N I O N

CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appe al from the Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 2020 CR 1697

JUDGMENT: Affirmed

DATE OF JUDGMENT: January 31, 2022

APPEARANCES: For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant KYLE L. STONE GEORGE URBAN PROSECUTING ATTORNEY 116 Cleveland Avenue NW STARK COUNTY, OHIO Suite 808 Canton, OH 44702 By: Vicky L. DeSantis 110 Central Plaza South - Suite 510 Canton, OH 44702-1413Stark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 2

Wise, Earle, P.J. {¶ 1} Defendant-Appellant Jamie Earl Allen appeals the April 7, 2021 judgment of the Stark County Court of Common Pleas memorializing his con viction for one count of rape and sentencing him to life imprisonment without the pos sibility of parole. PlaintiffAppellee is the state of Ohio. FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY {¶ 2} In 2020, six-year-old A.O. was living with her mother L.G . and her two younger siblings in an apartment next to appellant, his girlfri end Kristina, and her children. {¶ 3} L.G. and Kristina had gone to school together and became reacquainted after L.G. moved in. L.G. worked nights and Kristina and appell ant frequently babysat A.O. and her siblings. At some point L.G. and Kristina had a fa lling out after Kristina's parents died and she withdrew from others. Appellant, however, advised L.G. that she and her children were like family to him and Kristina, and he w ould continue to watch A.O. and her siblings himself. {¶ 4} On April 1, 2021, A.O. spent the night at appellant's apa rtment with her siblings. When L.G. picked A.O. up the following day A.O. told her mother appellant had been touching her privates. A.O. complained her privates hurt a nd were burning. When L.G. examined A.O.'s privates she found the area swollen and re d. {¶ 5} L.G. went next door and banged aggressively on appellant' s door. When appellant failed to answer, L.G. went back to her own apartment . Appellant appeared 10 minutes later demanding to know why she was banging on his door . L.G. told appellant "you know what you did and I'm not going to state anything furt her to you. * * * I'll let youStark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 3 deal with the police." Transcript of Trial (T.), March 4, 2021 at 236. Appellant appeared startled and went back to his apartment. {¶ 6} L.G. contacted law enforcement and Canton Police Detectiv e Victoria Sellers arrived on the scene. Sellers directed L.G. to keep A.O . in the clothing she had been wearing overnight and take her to Akron Children's Hospita l. {¶ 7} Upon arrival at Akron Children's, social worker Bobbi Jo Niedenthal spoke with A.O. alone. Asked why she was at the hospital A.O. told Ni edenthal because her privates hurt because appellant had touched her privates with h is hand and his privates both inside and outside her own private. A.O. told Niedenthal s he used her privates to go to the bathroom. {¶ 8} A.O. was examined at the hospital and a rape evidence col lection kit was completed. The rape kit and a DNA standard from appellant were later sent to the London Ohio Bureau of Criminal Investigation (BCI) crime lab. {¶ 9} Criminalist Ha llie Dreyer of the BCI analyzed A.O.'s rape kit. No DNA foreign to A.O. was found on the anal, vaginal, or oral swabs collected from A.O. Male DNA was found on the swab used on the inside and outside waistband of t he pants A.O. wore the evening in question, but not enough for comparison. Dreyer ther efore conducted Y-STR testing, a Y-chromosome specific testing, on the swab. The Y-ST R testing revealed a profile consistent with appellant and not expected to be seen m ore frequently than once in every 1,864 males in the United States population. {¶ 10} On September 21, 2020, the Stark County Grand Jury retur ned an indictment charging appellant with one count of rape involving a child less than 10 yearsStark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 4 of age. Appellant pled not guilty and elected to proceed to a j ury trial which began on March 3, 2021. {¶ 11} Before trial, on June 11, 2021, a hearing was held to de termine A.O. competence to testify. The trial court asked questions of A.O. regarding the difference between the truth and a lie and the consequences for telling a lie and tested her ability to recollect and relate current and past events. Given the opportu nity counsel for appellant asked no questions. The trial court withheld ruling until the f irst day of trial. {¶ 12} On the first day of trial the trial court found A.O. com petent to testify and appellant lodged no objection. The state then presented seven w itnesses and elicited the above outlined facts. Appellant testified in his own defense an d presented testimony from Dr. Julie Heining, a DNA expert. {¶ 13} Dr. Heining testified that since the swab on which the Y -STR testing was conducted was used to swab both the inside and outside of A.O. pants, it is impossible to determine which side of the pant s appellant's DNA located on. {¶ 14} Appellant testified that while A.O was dancing around be nt over, her pants, which appellant stated were two sizes too small, had slid down. He testified he pulled her pants up. He further testified that Kristina no longer wanted t o babysit for L.G. due to payment issues. He stated when L.G. approached him to continue babysitting, he felt bad for her and agreed to do so. He denied L.G. ever confronted him with any allegation. {¶ 15} After hearing the evidence and deliberating, the jury fo und appellant guilty as charged. {¶ 16} At a later sentencing hearing the state produced evidenc e of an investigation involving appellant and circumstances nearly iden tical to the instant matter.Stark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 5
The investigation never resulted in an indictment because the v ictim and her family moved out of state and could not be located. Appellant offered allocu tion but did not challenge any of the trial court's findings made thereafter. The trial co urt sentenced appellant to life without the possibility of parole. {¶ 17} Appellant timely filed an appeal and the matter is now b efore this court for consideration. He raises four assignments of error for our cons ideration as follow: I {¶ 18} "THE STATE FAILED TO PRESENT SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE TO SUSTAIN A CONVICTION AGAINST THE APPELLANT, AND THE CONVICTION MUST BE REVERSED." II {¶ 19} "THE APPELLANT'S CONVICITON WAS NOT SUPPORTED BY THE MANIFEST WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE PRESENTED, AND MUST BE REVERSED ." III {¶ 20} "THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY FINDING A.O., A CHILD UNDER TH E AGE OF TEN, WAS COMPETENT TO TESTIFY." IV {¶ 21} "THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY SENTNENCING THE DEFENDANT TO LIFE WITHOUT THE POSSIBILITY OF PAROLE AS IT WAS CONTRARY TO LA W AND NOT SUPPORTED BY THE RECORD." I, IIStark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 6 {¶ 22} We address appellant's first and second assignments of e rror together. In these assignments of error, appellant argues his convictions ar e against the manifest weight and sufficiency of the evidence. We disagree. Applicable Law {¶ 23} On review for sufficiency, a reviewing court is to exami ne the evidence at trial to determine whether such evidence, if believed, would su pport a conviction. State v. Jenks , 61 Ohio St.3d 259, 574 N.E.2d 492 (1991). "The relevant inqu iry is whether, after viewing the evidence in a light most favorable to the pro secution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime pr oven beyond a reasonable doubt." Jenks at paragraph two of the syllabus, following Jackson v. Virginia , 443 U.S. 307, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979). On review for manif est weight, a reviewing court is to examine the entire record, weigh the evidence and a ll reasonable inferences, consider the credibility of witnesses and determine "whether in resolving conflicts in the evidence, the jury clearly lost its way and created such a mani fest miscarriage of justice that the conviction must be reversed and a new trial ordered." State v. Martin , 20 Ohio App.3d 172, 175, 485 N.E.2d 717 (1st Dist.1983). See also, State v. Thompkins , 78 Ohio St.3d 380, 678 N.E.2d 541 (1997). The granting of a new trial "should be exercised only in the exceptional case in which the evidence weighs heavily ag ainst the conviction." Martin at 175. The Conviction {¶ 24} Appellant was convicted of one count of rape pursuant to R.C. 2907.02(A)(1)(b). Relevant to this matter that section prohibit s any person from engagingStark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 7 in sexual conduct with a person under the age of 13. In this ma tter the jury made a further special finding, specifically that the victim was under the age of 10. {¶ 25} Sexual conduct includes vaginal intercourse between a ma le and female as well as insertion, however slight, of any body part or instrume nt into the vaginal or anal cavity of another. R.C. 2907.01(A). Evidence Supporting Appellant's Conviction {¶ 26} A.O.'s mother L.G. testified that on April 2, 2020, she picked A.O. up from appellant's home where A.O. had spent the night. A.O. As they d rove to get something to eat, A.O. spontaneously stated appellant had been touching her privates. L.G. later confronted appellant who "took a very deep gulp" and looked lik e "he'd seen a ghost." T. 235-236. {¶ 27} L.G. further testified A.O. complained that her privates hurt and were burning. When L.G. examined the ar ea, she observed it was swoll en and red. T. 237. {¶ 28} A.O., 7-years-old at the time of her testimony, told the jury that during the night, appellant took her clothes off, touched her bottom and p rivate parts, and put his finger and his private in her private. T. 272-274. {¶ 29} Bobbi Jo Niedenthal, a social worker at Akron Children's Hospital, testified she spoke with A.O. upon her arrival at Akron Children's Hospit al. A.O. told Niedenthal she was at Children's Hospital because her privates hurt, and h er neighbor, appellant, had touched "both" of her privates with his hand and also with his private both inside and outside her private. A.O. told Niedenthal she uses her privates to go to the bathroom. T. 290-292. Appellant's ArgumentsStark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 8 {¶ 30} Appellant argues A.O.'s testimony was inconsistent and t he testimony of L.G. was not credible. {¶ 31} First, " '[w]hile the jury may take note of the inconsis tencies and resolve or discount them accordingly * * * such inconsistencies do not ren der defendant's conviction against the manifest weight or sufficiency o f the evidence.' " State v. Craig , Franklin App. No. 99AP-739, 2000 WL 297252, (Mar. 23, 2000) *3, quoting State v. Nivens , Franklin App. No. 95APA09-1236, 1996 WL 284714, (May 28, 1996) *3. A.O. was 7-years-old the day she testified. The jury was free to use their life experien ces in assessing the testimony of a child verses an adult and draw its conclusion. Moreover, w hile A.O.'s testimony may have contained some inconsistencies, those inconsistencies pert ained to minor details such as where she slept that night, not as to the details of th e rape. A.O.'s recitation of the facts of the rape were consistent across disclosures from h er mother, to the social worker, to the jury. {¶ 32} Next, it is the duty of the trier of fact, not this cour t, to assess the credibility of the witnesses. The jury is in the best position to assess cr edibility as they see and hear the witness testify. Further, the jurors need not believe all o f a witness's testimony, but may accept only portions of it as true. State v. Caldwell , 79 Ohio App.3d 667, 607 N.E.2d 1096 (1992). Appellant argues L.G. lacked credibility because s he never took A.O. to the Stark County Children's Network for an examination and intervie w. L.G. testified, however, that A.O. was examined at Akron Children's Hospital an d a rape evidence collection kit was also completed. L.G. stated A.O. was so trau matized by that experience that she chose not to take A.O. to the Children's Network. T. 2 47.Stark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 9 {¶ 33} Finally, appellant argues the state presented no direct evidence to support appellant's conviction. While we agree the evidence may have be en circumstantial, we note that circumstantial evidence has the same probative value as direct evidence. State v. Jenks , 61 Ohio St.3d 259, 574 N.E.2d 492 (1991) paragraph one of the syllabus. {¶ 34} We reject appellant's cr edibility and inconsistency argu ments and find his conviction is supported by sufficient evidence. {¶ 35} Appellant's manifest weight arguments repeat his suffic iency arguments with the addition of an argument that the Y-STR DNA evidence pr esented by the state was confusing. We note appellant hired his own DNA expert to ex plain the DNA evidence to the jury. Specifically, appellants expert clarified it was n ot possible to determine if appellant's DNA was recovered from the inside or outside of the waistband of A.O.'s pants because the same swab was used for both areas. T. 393. {¶ 36} Upon examination of the entire record, the evidence pres ented, reasonable inferences drawn therefrom, and consideration of the credibilit y of the witnesses, we find the jury did not lose its way in finding appellant guilty as ch arged. We therefore conclude appellant's conviction is not a gainst the manifest weight of th e evidence. {¶ 37} The first and second assignments of error are overruled III {¶ 38} In his third assignment of error, appellant argues the t rial court erred by finding the six-year-old victim competent to testify. We disagr ee. Applicable Law {¶ 39} Every person is competent to be a witness except those o f unsound mind, and children under ten years of age who appear incapable of rec eiving just impressionsStark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 10 of the facts respecting which they are examined, or of relating them truly. Evid.R. 601(A). In determining whether a child under the age of ten is competen t to testify, the trial court must consider: (1) the child's ab ility to receive accurate impr essions of fact or to observe acts about which he or she will testify, (2) the child's abilit y to recollect those impressions or observations, (3) the child's ability to communicate what wa s observed, (4) the child's understanding of truth and falsity, and (5) the child's appreci ation of his or her responsibility to be truthful. State v. Frazier , 61 Ohio St.3d 247, 574 N.E.2d 483 (1991). To reverse a finding of competency, we must find the trial cour t abused its discretion. State v. Lewis , 4 Ohio App.3d 275, 448 N.E.2d 487 (3rd Dist.1982). Appellant's Argument {¶ 40} Appellant does not challenge the trial court's finding o f competency or its questioning of the child victim. In fact appellant states the t rial court's questioning of A.O. was satisfactory. Instead, appellant argues A.O.'s trial testim ony was inconsistent, therefore allegedly demonstrating her lack of competence. {¶ 41} We first note appellant made no objection to A.O.'s comp etency either during the competency hearing or during A.O.'s trial testimony. Other than asking the trial court to have A.O. define the word promise, appellant asked no questions of A.O. during the competency hearing. Transcript of Competency Hearing Januar y 26, 2021, 22-23. Appellant further did not object when the trial court found A.O . competent to testify. T. 207-208. {¶ 42} Second, in State v. Jones , 12th Dist. Brown No. CA2000-11-032, 2001 WL 1402638 at *6, our brethren in the Twelfth District noted:Stark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 11 [I]t is not the role of the trial judge to determine that every thing a child will testify to is accurate, but whether the child has the inte llectual capacity to accurately and truthfully recount events. State v. Leach (Feb. 20, 2001), Clermont CA2000-05-033, unreported, at 5. Any inconsistencies between [a child's] trial testimony and the tes timony of other witnesses relate to [the child's] credibility, not [th eir] competency. See id .; State v. Rayburn (Apr. 24, 2000), Clinton CA99-03-005, unreported, at 6. [ The child's] credibility was fo r the jury's consideration.

{¶ 43} Appellant's argument is a credibility argument, not a co mpetency argument. As noted above, A.O.'s credibility was a matter for the jury's consideration. We therefore overrule the third assignment of error. IV {¶ 44} In his final assignment of error, appellant argues the t rial court erred in sentencing him to life without the possibility of parole when s uch sentence was contrary to law and not supported by the record. We disagree. The Available Sentences {¶ 45} Appellant was convicted of the rape of six-year-old chil d. R.C. 2907.02(B) states in relevant part:

[I]f the victim under division (A)(1)(b) of this section is les s than ten years of age, in lieu of sentencing the offender to a prison te rm orStark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 12
term of life imprisonment pursuant to section 2971.03 of the Re vised Code, the court may impose upon the offender a term of life wit hout parole. If the court imposes a term of life without parole, pur suant to this division, division (F) of section 2971.03 of the Revised C ode applies, and the offender automatically is classified a tier II I sex offender/child victim offender, as described in that division.

{¶ 46} In accordance with R.C. 2907.02(B), R.C. 2971.03(B)(1)(b ) provides in relevant part: [I]f a person is convicted of or pleads guilty to a violation o f division (A)(1)(b) of section 2907.02 of the Revised Code committed on o r after January 2, 2007, if division (A)1 of this section does no t apply regarding the person, and if the court does not impose a senten ce of life without parole when authorized pursuant to division (B) of section 2907.02 of the Revised Code, the court shall impose upon the pe rson an indefinite prison term consisting of one of the following: (b) If the victim was less than ten years of age, a minimum ter m of fifteen years and a maximum of life imprisonment.

Appellant's Arguments {¶ 47} Appellant makes several arguments under this assignment of error. First, he accuses the trial court of improperly weighing the principal s and purposes of felony sentencing contained in R.C. 2929.11 and the seriousness and re cidivism factorsStark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 13
contained in R.C. 2929.12 when it imposed a sentence of life wi thout the possibility of parole. We disagree. {¶ 48} This court reviews felony sentences using the standard o f review set forth in R.C. 2953.08. State v. Marcum , 146 Ohio St.3d 516, 2016-Ohio-1002, 59 N.E.3d 1231, ¶ 22; State v. Howell , 5th Dist. Stark No. 2015CA00004, 2015-Ohio-4049, ¶ 31. Subsection (G)(2) sets forth this court's standard of review as follows:

(2) The court hearing an appeal under division (A), (B), or (C) of this section shall review the record, including the findings underly ing the sentence or modification given by the sentencing court. The appellate court may increase, reduce, or otherwise modify a sentence that is appealed under this section or may vacate the sentence and remand the matter to the sentencing court for resentencing. The appellate court's standard for review is not whether the sentencing court abused its discretion. The appella te court may take any action authorized by this division if it cle arly and convincingly finds either of the following: (a) That the record does not support the sentencing court's fin dings under division (B) or (D) of section 2929.13, division (B)(2)(e ) or (C)(4) of section 2929.14, or division (I) of section 2929.20 o f the Revised Code, whichever, if any, is relevant; (b) That the sentence is otherwise contrary to law.Stark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 14 {¶ 49} "Clear and convincing evidence is that measure or degree of proof which is more than a mere 'preponderance of the evidence,' but not to th e extent of such certainty as is required beyond a reasonable doubt' in criminal cases, an d which will produce in the mind of the trier of facts a firm belief or conviction as t o the facts sought to be established." Cross v. Ledford , 161 Ohio St. 469, 120 N.E.2d 118 (1954), paragraph three of the syllabus. {¶ 50} "A sentence is not clearly and convincingly contrary to law where the trial court 'considers the principles and purposes of R.C. 2929.11, a s well as the factors listed in R.C. 2929.12, properly imposes post release control, and sen tences the defendant within the permissible statutory range' " State v. Morris , 5th Dist. Ashland No. 20-COA015, 2021-Ohio-2646, ¶ 90, quoting State v. Dinka , 12th Dist. Warren Nos. CA2019-03- 022 and CA2019-03-026, 2019-Ohio-4209, ¶ 36. {¶ 51} There is no dispute that a sentence of life without the possibility of parole is within the statutory range for a first degree felony rape of a child under the age of 10. Appellant instead argues the trial court failed to properly con sider the principles and purposes of felony sentencing under R.C. 2929.11 and the seriou sness and recidivism factors under R.C. 2929.12. {¶ 52} R.C. 2929.11 governs the overriding purposes of felony s entencing and states the following in pertinent part:

(A) A court that sentences an offender for a felony shall be gu ided by the overriding purposes of felony sentencing. The overriding purposes of felony sentencing are to protect the public from fu tureStark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 15 crime by the offender and others, to punish the offender, and t o promote the effective rehabilitation of the offender using the minimum sanctions that the court determines accomplish those purposes without imposing an unnecessary burden on state or loc al government resources. To achieve those purposes, the sentencing court shall consider the need for incapacitating the offender, deterring the offender and others from future crime, rehabilita ting the offender, and making restitution to the victim of the offense, the public, or both. (B) A sentence imposed for a felony shall be reasonably calcula ted to achieve the three overriding purposes of felony sentencing s et forth in division (A) of this section, commensurate with and no t demeaning to the seriousness of the offender's conduct and its impact upon the victim, and consistent with sentences imposed f or similar crimes committed by similar offenders.

{¶ 53} R.C. 2929.12 governs factors to consider in felony sente ncing and states the following in pertinent part:

(A) Unless otherwise required by section 2929.13 or 2929.14 of the Revised Code, a court that imposes a sentence under this chapte r upon an offender for a felony has discretion to determine the m ost effective way to comply with the purposes and principles ofStark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 16 sentencing set forth in section 2929.11 of the Revised Code. In exercising that discretion, the court shall consider the factor s set forth in divisions (B) and (C) of this section relating to the seriou sness of the conduct, the factors provided in divisions (D) and (E) of t his section relating to the likelihood of the offender's recidivism , and the factors set forth in division (F) of this section pertaining to the offender's service in the armed forces of the United States and , in addition, may consider any other factors that are relevant to achieving those purposes and principles of sentencing.

{¶ 54} R.C. 2929.11 does not require the trial court to make an y specific findings as to the purposes and principles of sentencing. Likewise, R.C. 2929.12 does not require the trial court to "use specific language or make specific find ings on the record in order to evince the requisite consideration of the applicable seriousnes s and recidivism factors." State v. Arnett , 88 Ohio St.3d 208, 215, 724 N.E.2d 793 (2000). Therefore, alt hough there is a mandatory duty to "consider" the relevant statutory factor s under R.C. 2929.11 and 2929.12, the sentencing court is not required to engage in any factual findings under said
statutes. State v. Bement , 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 99914, 2013-Ohio-5437, ¶ 17; State v. Combs , 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 99852, 2014-Ohio-497, ¶ 52. "The trial court has no obligation to state reasons to support its findings, nor is it required to give a talismanic incantation of the words of the statute, provided that the nece ssary findings can be found in the record and are incorporated into the sentencing entry." State v. Webb , 5th Dist. Muskingum No. CT2018-0069, 2019-Ohio-4195, ¶ 19.Stark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 17 {¶ 55} Moreover, as recently stated by the Supreme Court of Oh io in State v. Jones , 163 Ohio St.3d 242, 2020-Ohio-6729, 169 N.E.3d 649, ¶ 39, R.C

. 2953.08(G)(2)(b) "does not provide a basis for an appellate cou rt to modify or vacate a sentence based on its view that the sentence is not supported b y the record under R.C. 2929.11 and 2929.12." "Nothing in R.C. 2953.08(G)(2) permits an appellate court to independently weigh the evidence in the record and substitute i ts judgment for that of the trial court concerning the sentence that best reflects complian ce with R.C. 2929.11 and 2929.12" Id . at 4 {¶ 56} In the instant matter, the trial court indicated during the sentencing hearing and in its judgment entry that it had considered R.C. 2929.11 a nd R.C. 2929.12 in fashioning appellant's sentence. Transcript of Sentencing (T.S. ) 39-40. That was all the trial court was required to do. The trial court went further, h owever and set forth its findings under each code section on the record. Upon review, we find the trial court properly weighed the appropriate considerations under R.C. 2929.11 and R .C. 2929.12. {¶ 57} Appellant next argues the trial court erred by finding h is sentence was consistent with the sentence imposed in State v. McClellan , 5th Dist. Stark No. 2017CA00193, 2018-Ohio-3355. McClellan was also convicted of th e rape of a victim under the age of 10 and sentenced to life without the possibili ty of parole. Appellant argues the comparison is erroneous because the defendant in McClellan had prior convictions and he did not. Appellant failed, however to raise any objection during his sentencing hearing and has therefore waived the issue. If appel lant believed his sentence was disproportionate to the sentence imposed in McClellan, he was obligated to raise theStark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 18
issue with the trial court and present some evidence in order t o preserve the matter for appeal. State v. Ewert , 5th Dist. Muskingum No. CT2012-0002, 2012-Ohio-2671 ¶ 32. {¶ 58} Finally, appellant argues the trial court improperly con sidered evidence of a prior investigation during his sentencing hearing. It is well s ettled, however, that a trial court may consider a defendant's historical behavior during sen tencing. {¶ 59} "A sentencing court has wide discretion in considering f actors necessary to craft a sentence[.]" State v. Keslar , 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 107088, 2019-Ohio-2322, ¶ 12. Even uncharged conduct can be considered by the court durin g sentencing so long as it is not the "sole basis" for the sentence. See, e.g., State v. Tidmore , 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 107369, 2019-Ohio-1529, ¶ 25-27; State v. Steele , 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 105085, 2017-Ohio-7605, ¶ 10. {¶ 60} In State v. Lunn , 5th Dist. Muskingum No. CT2020-0031, 2021-Ohio-302 at ¶ 20, we recently noted:

A sentencing court may consider charges that have been dismisse d or reduced pursuant to a plea agreement. State v. Parsons , 2013- Ohio-1281, 2013 WL 1289523, ¶ 18, citing State v. Starkey, 7th Dist. No. 06MA110, 2007-Ohio-6702, 2007 WL 4374457, ¶ 2; State v. Cooey , 46 Ohio St.3d 20, 35, 544 N.E.2d 895 (1989). [ * * * ]. Furthermore, the trial court may consider uncharged crimes, as well as charges that are dismissed in a plea agreement, as factors a t sentencing. State v. Starkey , 7th Dist. Mahoning No. 06 MA 110, 2007-Ohio-6702, ¶ 2.Stark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 19

{¶ 61} Here, the trial court was permitted to consider the prev ious investigation involving appellant and further, did not sentence appellant bas ed solely upon the uncharged crimes. The trial court went to great pains to outlin e its findings in support of its decision including the psychol ogical damage to the victim a nd fact that appellant put himself in a role babysitter/caregiver in order to obtain priva te time with the child even after there were problems with payment and his girlfriend no lo nger wished to babysit L.G.'s children due to overwhelming circumstances in her own li fe. T.S. 39-49. {¶ 62} Based on the record before this court, we find the trial court's findings in support of its imposition of life without the possibility of pa role are supported by the record and further that the trial court did not err in considering app ellant's nearly identical but uncharged offense. {¶ 63} The final assignment of error is overruled.Stark County, Case No. 2021CA00051 20 {¶ 64} The judgment of conviction and sentence of the Stark Cou nty Court of Common Pleas is affirmed.

By Wise, Earle, P.J. Hoffman, J. and Baldwin, J. concur.

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