The formatting of this Notice of Funding has been slightly modified for visual and printing purposes. The 

Notice of Funding published in the Federal Register is the official document.

United States Department of the Treasury

Office of Economic Policy

Notice of Funding Availability (NOFA): Social Impact Partnerships to Pay for Results Act 

(SIPPRA) Projects

Announcement Type: Initial announcement 

Funding Opportunity Number: UST-SIPPRA-2024-002 

Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CDFA) Number: 21.017 

Application Deadline: Applications under this NOFA must be submitted no earlier than 

February 12, 2024 and no later than 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time April 15, 2024 electronically via 

www.Grants.gov. 

Funding Ceiling: $47 million ($40.9 million for social impact projects, $6.1 million for 

evaluations) 

Period of Performance: Expected 48-60 months but project dependent. 

Anticipated Time to Awards: October 15, 2024. There will not be a rolling review. 

For More Information: Potential applicants are advised to review the Federal Register Notices 

for previous awards and other materials at https://home.treasury.gov/services/social-impactpartnerships/sippra-pay-for-results. Questions may be directed to Matthew Cook, SIPPRA 

Director, at SIPPRA@treasury.gov. 

Summary: The Department of the Treasury (Treasury) is issuing this Notice of Funding 

Availability (NOFA) to invite applications from State and local governments for awards under 

the Social Impact Partnerships to Pay for Results Act (the “Act”). An award recipient will 

receive payment if a specified outcome of the social impact partnership project is achieved as 

determined by the project’s independent evaluator. The payment to the Awardee must be less 

than or equal to the value of the outcome to the federal government over a period not exceeding 

ten years from the date implementation commences. Awards made under this NOFA will be 

administered by Treasury or by another federal agency with expertise in the social benefits 

addressed in the proposed project. Treasury expects to award up to approximately $40.9 million

in such competitive project grants under this NOFA. Treasury will prioritize projects that directly 

benefit children in order to meet the statutory threshold that 50 percent of awarded funds be used 

on awards that directly benefit children. In addition, State and local governments receiving 

project grants will be eligible to receive a grant for up to 15 percent of the project grant amount 

to pay for all or a portion of the cost of a statutorily required independent evaluation, which will 
be paid regardless of whether outcomes have been met. Treasury expects up to approximately 

$6.1 million to be available to pay for the costs of independent evaluations under this NOFA.

Table of Contents 

A. Program Description 1

 1. Program Purpose and Authorizing Legislation 1

 2. Funding Type 1

 3. Limitations 2

 4. Pay for Results Framework 3

 5. Outcome Valuation Methodology 6 

 6. Independent Evaluation 11

B. Federal Award Information 15

C. Eligibility Information 15

D. Application and Submission Information 16

E. Application Review Information 25

F. Federal Award Administration Information 32

G. Federal Awarding Agency Contact 39

H. Other Information 39

I. Appendix I: Example of Outcome Valuation Process 40

J. Appendix II: Integration of Managed Care Information/Data 43

K. Appendix III: Benefit-Cost Analysis Tools 44
1 

A. Program Description 

1. Program Purpose and Authorizing Legislation 

In 2018, Congress appropriated $100 million to Treasury to implement the Social Impact 

Partnership to Pay for Results Act (the “Act”), which established a new grant demonstration 

program to encourage funding social programs that achieve results (the “SIPPRA program”).1

Under this NOFA, Treasury announces the availability of approximately $40.9 million for 

payments for successful outcomes of social impact partnership projects through grants to State 

and local governments, and, for required project evaluations, the availability of up to 

approximately $6.1 million. All awards provided through this NOFA are subject to funding 

availability.

As stated in the Act, the purposes of the SIPPRA program are 

(1) To improve the lives of families and individuals in need; 

(2) To redirect funds away from programs that, based on objective data, are ineffective, 

and into programs that achieve demonstrable, measurable results;

(3) To ensure federal funds are used effectively on social services to produce positive 

outcomes for both service recipients and taxpayers; 

(4) To establish the use of social impact partnerships to address some of the Nation’s 

most pressing problems; 

(5) To facilitate the creation of public-private partnerships that bundle philanthropic or 

other private resources with existing public spending to scale up effective social 

interventions already being implemented; 

(6) To bring pay for performance to the social sector, allowing the United States to 

improve the impact and effectiveness of vital social services programs while 

redirecting inefficient or duplicative spending; and 

(7) To incorporate outcomes measurement and randomized controlled trials or other 

rigorous methodologies for assessing program impact.2

2. Funding Type 

The Act provides funds for two types of awards: (1) social impact partnership project grants, 

including grants to pay for independent evaluations for such projects, and (2) feasibility study 

grants. This NOFA only relates to funds for social impact partnership project grants and funds 

for the cost of a grantee’s independent evaluation. An awardee under this NOFA will receive a 

disbursement only if the awardee achieves one or more outcomes specified in the award 

agreement and if such outcomes are validated by an independent evaluation. The federal 

payment to the awardee for each specified outcome must be less than or equal to the value of the 

outcome to the federal government over a period not exceeding ten years from the date 

implementation commences. Payment for the independent evaluation will be made regardless of 

1 For more information, please see the program webpage at https://home.treasury.gov/services/social-impactpartnerships/sippra-pay-for-results. 2 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n.
2

whether outcomes have been met. 

3. Limitations 

a. Treasury Discretion to Make Awards

Treasury may make awards to all, some, or none of the applicants under this NOFA and may 

make awards for amounts less than the amounts requested by applicants. Treasury is placing an 

upper limit on the amount of each project award—not including the associated independent 

evaluation—of $10 million.

b. Savings to the Federal, State, or Local Government 

According to the Act, projects may only be awarded if they produce savings to the federal, State, 

or local government, as defined in Section A.5 Outcome Valuation Methodology.

c. Positive Benefit Cost Analysis (BCA) 

For this NOFA, Treasury will only consider applications that have a positive Benefit-Cost 

Analysis (BCA), as explained in Section A.5 Outcome Valuation Methodology.

d. Directly Benefit Children 

The Act requires that “[n]ot less than 50 percent of all Federal payments made to carry out 

agreements under this section shall be used for initiatives that directly benefit children.”3

Treasury will prioritize the funds available under this NOFA for projects designed to directly 

benefit children in order to meet the 50 percent threshold laid out in statute. To meet this 

threshold, taking into account the composition of the awards issued under the previous NOFA,

65 percent of the total possible award amount under this competition will be reserved for projects 

that directly benefit children. Other projects will be considered as long as Treasury reaches 50

percent of the overall available funding with its awards. Treasury will consider a project to 

“directly benefit children” if 1) the target population is children (aged 0-19 at the beginning of 

the intervention); or 2) the target population is parents of children. If the project benefits parents, 

in order to be considered a project that directly benefits children, the application must present

strong evidence demonstrating a close logical, causal, and consequential relationship between the 

project’s effect on parents and the resulting positive effect on the parents’ children, and being a 

parent must be a part of the intervention’s eligibility criteria. Portions of projects can directly 

benefit children without having the entire project directly benefit children. Treasury welcomes 

questions regarding whether a specific project concept would qualify as a project that directly 

benefits children. 

3 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-2(f).
3

4. Pay for Results Framework 

This section provides an overview of the main features of the SIPPRA program’s social impact 

partnerships: the pay for results model, outcomes, outcome payments, partnership formation, and 

the independent evaluations. Social impact partnerships are part of a pay for results model where 

groups of stakeholders including state and local governments, service providers, philanthropy, 

intermediaries, or others seek to produce outcomes that result in social benefit and federal, State, 

or local savings. Treasury, the Commission (Section E.2.c Phase 3: Consistency Review and 

Commission Recommendation), and the Interagency Council (Section E.2.d Phase 4: 

Interagency Council Certification and Treasury Determination) expect that approaches to these 

partnerships will differ across applications.

Applications under this NOFA must provide all required application elements set out in the Act 

at 42 U.S.C. § 1397n-1(c)(1)-(24). 

a. The Pay for Results Model

The pay for results model mandated by the Act differs from many other federal grant programs, 

in which the federal government funds the cost of programs and services prior to implementation 

of the programs. Under the pay for results model (also referred to as the “pay for success” 

model), the federal government agrees to make payments only if specific, pre-determined, 

measurable outcomes are achieved. If the intervention does not achieve the pre-determined 

outcomes, then the federal government will not make an outcome payment. The Act provides

that the federal government’s payment for an outcome must be less than or equal to the value of 

the outcome to the federal government over a period not exceeding ten years from the date 

implementation commences. Value to the federal government in this NOFA is defined as the net 

benefits from a BCA. For additional information, see Section A.5.a Federal Value for the 

SIPPRA Program. 

b. Outcomes 

The Act requires that the social impact partnership “produce one or more measurable, clearly 

defined outcomes that result in social benefit and federal, State, or local savings.”4 An outcome 

is a positive impact on a target population that an Applicant expects to achieve as a result of an 

intervention over the duration of a project. The partnership’s ability to identify, achieve, and 

agree upon suitable outcomes is a key determinant of whether pay for results is the appropriate

funding instrument for addressing the identified social issue. The statute identifies the following 

outcomes: 

1) Increasing work and earnings by individuals in the United States who are unemployed for 

more than 6 consecutive months.

2) Increasing employment and earnings of individuals who have attained 16 years of age but 

not 25 years of age.

3) Increasing employment among individuals receiving Federal disability benefits.

4) Reducing the dependence of low-income families on Federal means-tested benefits.

4 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(b).
4

5) Improving rates of high school graduation.

6) Reducing teen and unplanned pregnancies.

7) Improving birth outcomes and early childhood health and development among lowincome families and individuals.

8) Reducing rates of asthma, diabetes, or other preventable diseases among low-income 

families and individuals to reduce the utilization of emergency and other high-cost care.

9) Increasing the proportion of children living in two-parent families.

10) Reducing incidences and adverse consequences of child abuse and neglect.

11) Reducing the number of youth in foster care by increasing adoptions, permanent 

guardianship arrangements, reunifications, or placements with a fit and willing relative, 

or by avoiding placing children in foster care by ensuring they can be cared for safely in 

their own homes.

12) Reducing the number of children and youth in foster care residing in group homes, child 

care institutions, agency-operated foster homes, or other non-family foster homes, unless 

it is determined that it is in the interest of the child’s long-term health, safety, or 

psychological well-being to not be placed in a family foster home.

13) Reducing the number of children returning to foster care.

14) Reducing recidivism among juvenile offenders, individuals released from prison, or other 

high-risk populations.

15) Reducing the rate of homelessness among our most vulnerable populations.

16) Improving the health and well-being of those with mental, emotional, and behavioral 

health needs.

17) Improving the educational outcomes of special-needs or low-income children.

18) Improving the employment and well-being of returning United States military members.5

19) Increasing the financial stability of low-income families.

20) Increasing the independence and employability of individuals who are physically or 

mentally disabled.

21) Other measurable outcomes defined by the State or local government that result in 

positive social outcomes and Federal savings.6

An outcome is measured by one or more indicators that are specific, unambiguous, and 

observable. The outcomes must be measured for the duration of the intervention period.7 These 

outcomes must result in social benefit and savings to the federal, State, or local government.

Outcome measurements are used to calculate the value to the federal government as discussed in 

Section A.5 Outcome Valuation Methodology.

c. Outcome Payments

The federal government will only make a payment if the evaluation successfully shows, using 

the outcome valuation methodology described in Section A.5 Outcome Valuation Methodology,

that an Awardee achieved the pre-determined outcome levels as a result of the intervention. To 

5 This may include improving the employment and well-being of United States military members as they transition 

to civilian status either as non-activated members of the National Guard or Reserves or as they become Veterans of 

the Armed Forces.

6 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(b). 7 The duration of a SIPPRA project may not exceed 10 years. 42 U.S.C. 1397n-2(c)(1)(C).
5 

qualify for an outcome payment, an Awardee’s project must meet one or more positive outcome

targets.

8

 An outcome payment must be less than or equal to the value of the outcome to the 

federal government over a period not exceeding ten years from the date implementation 

commences, and for projects under this NOFA, Treasury is capping outcome payments at $10 

million. Under this NOFA, an applicant may propose one or multiple project outcomes and 

receive separate payments at separate points in time for each outcome achieved depending on 

how the partnership designs the intervention. 

 

d. Partnership Formation 

The State or local government as the eligible applicant may work with other entities, referred to 

as “partners,” to successfully achieve the outcomes. In addition to the Applicant, the partnership 

may include investors, service providers, and intermediaries. The Applicant also may fulfill one 

or more of these roles. Below are examples of possible partners: 

• Investor(s) are entities that, if the Applicant is not doing so, provide the funding for the 

social service interventions. Investors may be not-for-profit or for-profit entities or public 

sector funds. They accept the risk that they will not be repaid in the event that the target 

outcome(s) are not achieved as a result of the intervention. 

• Intermediary(ies) may be selected by the Applicant to coordinate the pay for results 

arrangement. The role of the intermediary may include (1) being responsible for 

achieving the negotiated outcome(s) for the target population by contracting with service 

providers; (2) raising funds from investors (if applicable) to cover the operating costs of 

implementing the services or programs; (3) changing or modifying service delivery 

methods and providers, with concurrence of the other partners, including the independent 

evaluator and, if applicable, investors; and (4) if outcome target(s) are met, receiving 

outcome payments from the Awardee and making payments to the investors, if 

applicable. The partnership is not required to include an intermediary organization, and a 

service provider, described below, may also serve as an intermediary. 

• Service provider(s) deliver the intervention designed to achieve the outcomes sought in a 

pay for results partnership agreement. An applicant, or, where applicable, an intermediary 

arranges with a service provider to provide services and/or administer the interventions. 

Note that a service provider may be a State or local government agency.

e. Independent Evaluations 

The Applicant must contract with an independent evaluator to determine if the project achieved 

the pre-determined outcome levels as outlined in the project agreement. To ensure the objectivity 

of evaluations and to preserve the independence of evaluators, the statute requires that the federal 

government enter an agreement separate from the project grant to recipients exclusively to fund 

an evaluator’s work on the project. State and local governments receiving project grants will be 

eligible to receive up to 15 percent of the project grant to pay for all or a portion of the cost of a 

statutorily required independent evaluator.9 Treasury will make the payment for the independent 

8 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-2(c). 9 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-4(a) and (f). 
6 

evaluator regardless of whether outcomes have been met. This separate grant may not be used to 

pay for other project expenses or for fees associated with project stakeholder participation in the 

project. The independent evaluator must not have a financial or other stake in the project that 

would undermine its objectivity, and the Applicant must avoid the selection of an independent 

evaluator whose objectivity might be impaired. See Section D.2.a.g.4 Independent evaluator 

qualifications for the independent evaluator’s required qualifications. 

The independent evaluator must determine whether the intervention achieved the expected 

outcome(s) following the evaluation design plan. If successful, the federal government will then 

make a payment or payments to the Awardee based on the agreed upon payment schedule. See 

Section A.6. Independent Evaluation for more information on the requirements for the 

independent evaluation. 

5. Outcome Valuation Methodology

Applications for social impact partnership projects must describe one or more outcome goals for 

the project, and then determine the value of each outcome to the federal government using 

outcome valuation. Outcome valuation is the process, at the application stage, for rigorously 

laying out the evidence and data used to determine the value to the federal government, and thus 

the appropriate payment from the federal government, for the improved outcomes resulting from 

project interventions. For projects under this NOFA, value to the federal government is defined 

as the net benefits derived from a benefit-cost analysis (BCA) over a period not exceeding ten 

years from the date implementation commences. 

As explained in detail below, the Applicant must first show that, as a result of the anticipated 

outcome of the project intervention, there will be savings to the federal, State, or local

government. Savings is defined as reductions in governmental outlays that are directly the result 

of the project intervention net of the project’s cost. Increased revenues as a result of the 

intervention are not considered savings. There must be savings for a project to be funded through 

the SIPPRA program.10 

Applicants must then perform a BCA that will be used to determine the value to the federal 

government. The Applicant may use savings to the federal, State, or local governments, 

calculated in the previous step, as one of the benefits used in the calculation. 

Using the BCA process, the Applicant will then determine the net benefits of a project outcome, 

which is the monetized value of the benefits minus the costs. If this number is greater than zero 

(i.e., benefits exceed costs), then there is a positive value to the federal government. If the net 

benefit is not greater than zero, there is not a positive value to the federal government, and 

therefore the project is not eligible for payment. The federal payment to an Awardee must be less 

than or equal to the value of the outcome to the federal government over a period not exceeding 

ten years from the date implementation commences. Treasury is placing an upper limit of $10 

million on the amount of each project award (not including amounts for the associated 

independent evaluation). 

10 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(b); 42 U.S.C 1397n-5(a)(8).
7 

a. Federal Value for the SIPPRA Program 

Applicants must use benefit-cost analysis (BCA) to determine the value to the federal 

government, which is the maximum amount that the Applicant can receive as an outcome 

payment. BCA is a systematic process for identifying, quantifying, and comparing expected 

benefits and costs of a potential project, policy, or action to society. In executing the BCA, 

Applicants must account for both social benefits (including savings to a State or local

government or to the federal government) that provide positive value to the federal government, 

and costs, which result in negative value, to determine the net value to the federal government. 

The rest of this section provides a recommended guide for calculating benefits and costs through 

BCA to determine the value to the federal government for the purposes of the SIPPRA 

program.11 Applicants may consult OMB Circulars A-4 and A-94 for additional guidance. 

Step 1. Demonstrate savings to the federal, State, or local government 

Over the course of the period of performance of a project, interventions must provide savings to 

the State or local government or to the federal government, in the form of reduced outlays as 

described below. This step is a threshold requirement and must be presented as a separate 

calculation in the application, prior to those savings being incorporated into the BCA as a social 

benefit of the project outcome. 

The federal, State, and local savings calculation analysis requires estimating the savings—

reductions in outlays12—that accrue to the federal, State, and local governments that are the 

result of the intervention, over the period of performance of the project. The savings calculation 

must incorporate increases in costs due to intended or unintended impacts of the intervention. In 

some cases (particularly where there are complex program interactions), it may be necessary to 

estimate baseline outlays and compare outlays under the intervention to arrive at an appropriate 

estimate of savings. The application must provide sufficient information (e.g., all data sources,

related literature, assumptions, and justifications) to show how the Applicant estimated savings 

that occur as a direct result of the proposed intervention. Applicants must document and submit 

their estimates of changes to outlays as a direct result of each proposed intervention such that 

these analyses can be replicated. Only Applicants with federal, State, or local savings will be 

considered for the SIPPRA program.13 Savings to each level of government should be presented 

separately to show how outlays are changing at each level of government as a result of the 

intervention. 

The Applicant must carefully consider how the project intervention may cause the substitution of 

benefits delivered through one social program for another. Specifically, the Applicant must 

consider how the intervention will affect eligibility for other federal programs and how this will 

affect the change in outlays. For example, an intervention that increases employment could 

decrease participation in government assistance programs while increasing eligibility for

11 This guide is not intended to be a general guide for BCA and is for the purposes of the SIPPRA program only. 12 Applicants proposing to generate value to the federal government only through reductions in federal 

administrative expenses will not be considered eligible.

13 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(b); 42 U.S.C 1397n-5(a)(8). 
8

reimbursable employment-based tax credits. Both the decrease in assistance outlays and the 

increase in refundable tax credit expenditures are changes in government outlays resulting from 

the project intervention and must be taken into account in the savings calculation.

In estimating the project intervention’s effect on the outlays of a government program, the 

Applicant must carefully consider the funding structure of the program and whether or not the 

program is oversubscribed, i.e., the program has more eligible individuals than funding available 

for services, such that when one individual is removed from the program another eligible 

individual replaces that individual.

For applicants who plan to use savings from Medicaid or CHIP, see Section J. Appendix II: 

Integration of Managed Care Information/Data for the integration of managed care 

information/data. This information is required to certify such savings. 

Step 2. Assess costs and benefits from the intervention’s effect to the “target” population 

for each time period

The next step of the outcome valuation process is to use BCA to assess the costs and benefits of 

the intervention on its target population. BCA is a systematic process for identifying, 

quantifying, and comparing expected benefits and costs to society of a potential project, policy, 

or action. 

Estimated benefits are based on the projected social impacts of the project, valued in monetary 

terms. There are a wide range of benefits that can be included in a BCA, and which ones to 

include will be heavily dependent on the type of intervention that is designed. For example, if the 

program seeks to increase economic opportunity through a job training program, it might be 

expected to result in increased wages, increased revenues to the federal, State, and local 

government, and decreased outlays on programs like SNAP or Medicaid. 

The savings calculated in Step 1 must be included in the BCA. Such benefits must be adjusted by 

the Marginal Cost of Public Funds, a cost adjustment which accounts for the distortion effect of 

taxes on the cost-benefit tradeoff of actions (this effect is referred to as Dead Weight Loss). 

Because of Dead Weight Loss, the cost of every dollar of public funds (the Marginal Cost of 

Public Funds) is greater than $1. For the purposes of consistency within the SIPPRA program, all 

benefits from government savings must be multiplied by the Marginal Cost of Public Funds of 

$1.25.

14 Similarly, any increases in revenues to any level of government must be adjusted by the 

Marginal Cost of Public Funds. See Appendix I for an example of how to apply the Marginal 

Cost of Public Funds. 

Costs include the resources required to develop the project and the costs to facilitate the project

over time. Costs associated with impacted federal, State, and local programs must be included in 

the estimated cost of the program, and these should also be multiplied by the Marginal Cost of 

Public Funds.

Applicants are encouraged to use existing research, incorporating analytical tools grounded in 

14 For further explanation of these principles, see OMB Circular A-94, pg. 17. 
9 

microeconomic theory, to quantify the costs and benefits of their expected outcomes. For a 

greater discussion of analytical tools for BCA see Section K. Appendix III: Benefit-Cost 

Analysis Tools. When possible, stated preference (for example, surveys of how much an 

individual values a particular good or service) should be avoided in arriving at any of the core 

assumptions of the BCA. 

Step 3. Assess external costs and benefits

Applicants’ BCA must also consider the effects of interventions that extend beyond the target 

population. In particular, some interventions may generate positive or negative unpriced external 

effects, known as externalities. For example, when a person consumes a gallon of gasoline, they 

pay a price, and receive a benefit. However, that gallon of gasoline also produces air pollutants, 

both in its production and final consumption. Therefore, when the consumer uses the gallon of 

gasoline, air pollution is a negative externality of that purchase. Similar externalities, whether 

positive or negative, must be considered in the Applicant’s BCA. 

Additionally, when considering external costs and benefits, applicants must guard against 

double-counting, since some benefits or costs are embedded in other broader measures. To 

balance this goal with concerns about under-counting meaningful effects by excluding 

potentially overlapping benefits or costs, it may be helpful to include a range—with the lowerbound estimate prioritizing the avoidance of double-counting and the upper-bound estimate 

prioritizing avoidance of omitted categories of impacts. See OMB Circular A-4 for additional 

guidance. 

Step 4. Sum costs and benefits by time period 

As illustrated in the example provided in Appendix I: Example of Outcome Valuation Process, 

for each time period in the analysis, sum the costs and benefits calculated in Steps 1-3. Calculate 

the net benefits for each time period by subtracting the costs from the benefits. 

Step 5. Appropriately account for inflation and sum across time periods 

In order to ensure a meaningful comparison between benefits and costs, it is important that all 

monetized values used in a BCA be expressed in common terms. Data obtained for use in BCAs 

is sometimes expressed in nominal dollars from several different years. Nominal dollars reflect 

the effects of inflation over time and are sometimes also called current or year of expenditure 

(YOE) dollars. Such values must be converted to real dollars (also referred to as constant

dollars), using a common base year, to net out the effects of inflation. Applicants must use the

Consumer Price Index (All Urban) from the FY 2024 President’s Budget Mid-Session Review 

for all inflation adjustments.

15 Projects that have benefits and costs beyond 2033 should assume 

an inflation rate of 2.3%. 

In some benefit-cost calculations, after netting out the effects of inflation, a second distinct 

adjustment, called discounting, is made to account for the time value of money. However, the 

SIPPRA program operates over a relatively short period of time, lowering the impact of 

15 https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/msr_fy2024.pdf, p. 6.
10

discounting on value calculations. Therefore, do not discount costs and benefits. 

For the BCA used in SIPPRA, a 10-year time period is allowed in which to accrue benefits.16

Once each time period is adjusted for inflation, sum across the time periods—up to 10 years.17

Also, calculate the benefit-cost ratio by dividing the benefits by the costs. Only projects with a 

benefit-cost ratio greater than one will be considered for SIPPRA. 

For an example of how to apply these steps, see Section I. Appendix I: Example of Outcome 

Valuation Process. 

b. “Tips” for Conducting BCA for SIPPRA Program Projects

The following recommendations may be helpful to applicants in conducting BCA for SIPPRA 

projects. 

Tip #1. Avoid any effects of your program to the general economy. 

Some changes have big enough impacts to change the prices of goods or services in a market. 

For example, a national change to the replacement rates for unemployment insurance will have 

large enough effects to adjust wages for everyone, not just individuals in a program (known as 

general equilibrium effects). However, programs and policy changes of the size that are eligible 

under SIPPRA are not large enough to affect prices. For example, a small job training program 

for unskilled workers is unlikely to move the market price for unskilled labor. Therefore, when 

assessing the benefits of the program, the BCA analyst must only consider the additional wages 

the worker receives and not consider any benefit to employers. 

Tip #2. Do not give different weights to different groups or populations of people. 

Some BCAs use distributional weights, an approach in which different weights are applied to

costs and benefits for different groups. For the purposes of SIPPRA, Treasury is not considering 

distributional weights. 

Tip #3. Do not use discounting for time preference.

When performing forward-looking BCA, future costs and benefits are sometimes discounted.

However, given that the SIPPRA program operates over a relatively short period of time, costs 

and benefits will not be discounted for time preference. As explained above, however, adjusting 

for inflation is required. 

16 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-2(c)(1)(B). 17 As described above, for purposes of meeting the SIPPRA statutory requirement that a project provide savings to 

the State or local government, or to the federal government, savings must be achieved by the time of project 

completion. See 42 U.S.C 1397n-5(a)(9). However, for purposes of counting savings as benefits towards the BCA 

calculation, savings may be calculated up to a 10-year time period like other benefits.
11

6. Independent Evaluation

This section addresses post-award independent evaluations, including evaluation design, research 

methodologies, and expected coordination of activities. 

a. Overview 

By statute, SIPPRA program projects must have evaluations conducted by independent 

evaluators.18 Awardees can expect to commit significant time and resources to the formal 

evaluations of their project. All applicants are eligible to receive evaluation funding to support 

post-award evaluation costs, regardless of whether outcomes are met. 

The federal government will fund up to 15 percent of the amount of the estimated project award 

(not including the cost of the evaluation) for an independent evaluation of the project.19 The 

federal government will base its maximum award of funds for the grantee’s cost of an 

independent evaluator on the amount of the top tier outcome payment. The federal government 

will fund only completed post-award evaluation work. The federal government will not pay for 

pre-award costs or the portion of an evaluator’s contract contemplating evaluation work that is 

not completed in the event a project terminates earlier than expected. 

b. Evaluation Requirements 

The Act requires projects to establish that the outcomes “have been achieved as a result of the 

intervention.”20 The evaluation used to determine whether a State or local government will 

receive outcome payments under SIPPRA shall use experimental designs with random 

assignment or other reliable evidence-based research methodologies that, as certified by the 

Interagency Council, allow for the strongest possible causal inferences when random assignment 

is not feasible.21 The project’s independent evaluation must be designed to assess the strength of 

the causal evidence, i.e., the degree to which the evaluation establishes the causal impact of the 

intervention on the outcomes of interest not due to other factors.22

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are generally considered to be the most rigorous type of 

experimental design. In RCTs, a sample is randomly split into two groups– treatment and 

control. One will receive the intervention and the other will continue as normal. These studies 

are designed to minimize the chance that the observed difference in outcomes is due to an 

alternative explanation. 

Treasury will also accept other reliable, evidence-based research methodologies commonly 

known as quasi-experimental design studies. These are studies with an evaluation design in 

18 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(c)(22); 42 U.S.C. 1397n-4(b). 19 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-4(a) and (f). 20 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(c)(7). 21 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-4(c). 22 More information on evidence standards in the context of Federal program evaluations can be found at 

https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/SLFRF-Compliance-and-Reporting-Guidance.pdf. 
12

which outcomes for the treatment group, or a broader target population that includes both the 

treatment group and those outside the treatment group, are measured relative to a comparison 

group. Such a design attempts to approximate an experimental design and can support causal 

conclusions, without random assignment. Sophisticated analytic techniques are used to control 

for factors that might be associated with the outcome being analyzed. Applicants that cannot 

implement an RCT study will not be deemed less competitive or penalized for implementing a 

quasi-experimental design. Applicants using a quasi-experimental design must address other 

possible causes of the outcomes, such as selection, other policies, economic conditions, and other 

confounding factors. This should include a description of the contrast in services that the 

comparison and treatment group will receive during the project period. 

A part of this evaluation will be a statistical significance requirement where the coefficient on 

the treatment variable is statistically significant (supporting rejection of the null hypothesis of no 

impact). For purposes of the SIPPRA program, the coefficient will be considered statistically 

significant if the null hypothesis falls outside of the 80 percent confidence interval. The choice of 

how to best calculate standard errors and confidence intervals is left to the independent 

evaluator, who must follow best practices based on the identification strategy. The power 

calculation (see guideline #12 on pg. 20) required in the evaluation design plan will be a critical 

input for Treasury to consider when evaluating the application. 

Applicants may use classical statistical analysis or Bayesian statistical analysis. For applicants 

using Bayesian statistical analysis, the appropriate Bayesian tests must be used to show the 

equivalent of classical statistical significance at the 80 percent level. Additionally, applicants 

using Bayesian statistical analysis must conduct prior sensitivity analysis to ensure any causal 

result is not due only to a dominant prior. Applicants using this approach must use high-quality 

experimental or quasi-experimental evidence to justify the prior distribution.

c. Evaluation Design Plan

The Applicant must provide an evaluation design plan that includes a range of information 

related to design, implementation, statistics, and data. The full list of requirements is available in 

Section D.2.a.(g)5 Evaluation design plan.

The design plan may evolve during a project’s early implementation period (approximately the 

first 6–12 months) to ensure proper measurement of project outcomes. However, outcome goals 

may not change without prior approval from Treasury or the administering federal agency.

Grantees must submit the design plan to Treasury or the administering federal agency once it is 

finalized. Elements of the evaluation design plan may be posted on the Federal Interagency 

Council on Social Impact Partnerships (Interagency Council) website.23

d. Evidence Standard 

The Act requires Treasury to take into consideration the likelihood, based on evidence provided 

in the application and other evidence, that the State or local government in collaboration with the 

23 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-10(3)(J).
13

intermediary and the service providers will achieve the specified outcomes.24 The evidence base 

should consist of well-designed and well-implemented experimental studies or quasiexperimental studies that support the effectiveness of the practice, strategy, or program; and/or 

large, well-designed, and well-implemented randomized controlled, multi-site trials that support 

the effectiveness of the practice, strategy, or program. The magnitude of the impact assumed for 

the SIPPRA project must be derived from this evidence base. 

For each project application, the Subject Matter Expert Panel (see Section E.2.b) will determine 

the strength of the evidence provided, as described further below. Projects with strong or 

moderate evidence are most likely the best candidates for the SIPPRA program, but all projects

will be considered. 

• Strong evidence means that the evidence base can support causal conclusions for the 

specific program proposed by the applicant with the highest level of confidence. The 

evidence must support causal conclusions (i.e., studies with high internal validity) and 

include enough of the range of participants and settings to support scaling up to the state, 

regional, or national level (i.e., studies with high external validity). The following are 

examples of strong evidence: 1) More than one well-designed and well-implemented 

experimental study or well-designed and well-implemented quasi-experimental study that 

supports the effectiveness of the practice, strategy, or program; or 2) one large, welldesigned and well-implemented randomized controlled, multi-site trial that supports the 

effectiveness of the practice, strategy, or program.

• Moderate evidence means that there is a reasonably developed evidence base that can 

support causal conclusions. Evidence from previous studies on the program, the designs 

of which can support causal conclusions (i.e., studies with high internal validity) but have 

limited generalizability (i.e., moderate external validity). This also can include studies for 

which the reverse is true— studies that only support moderate causal conclusions but 

have broad general applicability. The following would constitute moderate evidence: 1) 

At least one well-designed and well-implemented experimental or quasi-experimental 

study supporting the effectiveness of the practice strategy, or program, with small sample 

sizes or other conditions of implementation or analysis that limit generalizability; 2) at 

least one well-designed and well-implemented experimental or quasi-experimental study 

that does not demonstrate equivalence between the intervention and comparison groups at 

program entry but that has no other major flaws related to internal validity; or 3) 

correlational research with strong statistical controls for selection bias and for discerning 

the influence of internal factors.

• Preliminary evidence means that the evidence base can support conclusions about the 

program’s contribution to observed outcomes. The evidence base consists of at least one 

non-experimental study. A study that demonstrates improvement in program beneficiaries 

over time on one or more intended outcomes OR an implementation (process evaluation) 

study used to learn about and improve program operations would constitute preliminary 

evidence. Examples of research that meet the standards include: 1) outcome studies that 

track program beneficiaries through a service pipeline and measure beneficiaries’ 

responses at the end of the program; and 2) pre- and post-test research that determines 

whether beneficiaries have improved on an intended outcome.

24 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-2(b)(3).
14

The project narrative must include a theory of change and a logic model that builds from this 

evidence base. A theory of change must inform the intervention design by reflecting the logical

(and evidence-informed) reasoning that supports the expectation the actions taken will lead to the 

intended outcomes. The logic model builds off this theory of change. A logic model provides a 

bridge between project design and the evaluation by clarifying the inputs, activities, outputs, 

outcomes, and impacts that can help to crystalize how each of those things can be measured and 

tracked.

e. Evaluation Facilitation 

The Applicant is expected to participate in and manage several activities to ensure the successful 

independent evaluation of demonstration projects. These activities include: 

• Working with the independent evaluator to facilitate the execution of the overall 

evaluation strategy and to ensure the intervention is performed according to the 

evaluation design plan described above;

• Reporting progress and final evaluation results to Treasury and/or the relevant 

federal agency on schedule;

• Over the course of the performance period, working with the independent evaluator 

to ensure that project randomization procedures and other evaluation processes are 

adhered to;

• Working with the independent evaluator to modify evaluation plans, as appropriate.

• Ensuring that the independent evaluator can collect all relevant data and has access 

to needed datasets. 

f. Agreement with Independent Evaluator 

Because the evaluation findings provide the basis for pay for results payments to the grantee, the 

agreement each applicant enters into with an independent evaluator must require an agreed-upon 

evaluation design and methodology, observed outcome measure(s), and findings regarding 

outcome targets. The agreement must address the following:

• Plan to obtain relevant datasets from various sources, for example, local agencies, state 

agencies, or other federal agencies, including the responsibilities of the grantee and 

evaluator in accomplishing this task; 

• Design and coding of a management information system, as needed, that is tailored for 

research or evaluation, to track participants and obtain individual level data;

• Collection or assessment of individual-level data. The independent evaluator must work 

directly with the Applicant and other organizations to enter into one or more agreements 

for the access and use of the data. These agreements must include assuring data quality 

and adherence to all federal and state data privacy statutes and policies and data security 

standards;

• Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval or a plan to get IRB approval to ensure the 

protection of human subjects, to the extent applicable; and

• Submission of progress reports to Treasury, the Interagency Council, and the head of the 
15

relevant agency in accordance with the reporting requirements described in Section F.3.b

Evaluation Progress Reports and Section F.3.c Evaluation Final Reports. 

If the Applicant is unable to execute an agreement prior to the application deadline, Treasury will 

accept a draft agreement containing these elements.

B. Federal Award Information 

1. Type of Federal Award

Treasury expects to award up to $40.9 million to fund projects under this NOFA, with an 

additional amount up to $6.1 million available to fund the independent evaluations. The total 

amount awarded under this NOFA will be determined based on the number and strength of 

applications for projects received and other programmatic considerations. Treasury reserves the 

right to make no awards or to make awards for amounts less than the amounts requested by 

applicants. As stated above, Treasury is placing an upper limit on the amount of each project 

award – not including the associated independent evaluation – of $10 million. 

As noted above, for projects funded under this NOFA, the federal government, under separate 

agreements with grantees, will also make available up to 15 percent of the project award amount 

(not including the cost of the evaluation) for the cost of an independent evaluation. These 

agreements to pay for evaluations will provide for payment regardless of outcomes, but the 

agreements will limit payments to evaluation work performed.

2. Project Period 

SIPPRA funds must be liquidated by September 2033. Therefore, the period of performance for 

SIPPRA project awards must end by September 2032, to allow for up to six months for final 

measurement, analysis, evaluation, submission of the independent evaluator’s final report, and 

submission of payment requests to the federal government.25 Applicants should carefully 

construct their project timeline to allow sufficient time for all required activities. Treasury 

expects the period of performance to generally be about 48-60 months, but this will be heavily 

dependent on the nature of the project interventions. Applicants must specify the intervention

period and explain the basis for specifying such period. Requests to extend the period of

performance after an agreement is awarded will not be considered.

C. Eligibility Information

1. Eligible Applicants 

Only States or local governments are eligible applicants; applications from any other entities will 

25 The Act provides that the period of performance under the award agreements may not exceed 10 years. See 42 

U.S.C. 1397n-2(c)(1)(C). Treasury will strive to maximize use of the amounts Congress appropriated to make 

awards and outcome payments. The Act appropriates funds that are available for ten years to make awards. See 42 

U.S.C. 1397n-9 and 1397n-13. Federal law generally provides that disbursements of funds awarded within the 

SIPPRA program 10-year window (e.g., outcome payments) must occur within five years after that 10-year window 

closes. See 31 U.S.C. 1552(a). 
16

not be reviewed. The Act defines the term “State” to mean each State of the United States, the 

District of Columbia, each commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States, and each 

federally recognized Indian tribe. For purposes of this NOFA, the term “State” shall, consistent 

with the Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for 

Federal Awards (Uniform Guidance) at 2 CFR Part 200, include any of a State’s agencies or 

instrumentalities, and the terms “local government” and “federally recognized Indian tribe” shall

have the meanings given in the Uniform Guidance. Multiple agencies within a state or local 

government are eligible to apply, or interjurisdictional groups of state or local governments may 

apply together. In both cases, a lead applicant must be identified. Local governments for SIPPRA 

purposes may include, but are not limited to, cities, counties, school districts, or other special 

districts. 

Eligibility determinations in prior funding rounds have no bearing on and do not guarantee 

eligibility in this round of SIPPRA funding. Applicants are also not able to request changes or 

amendments to agreements based on this NOFA’s criteria if made under the previous NOFA. 

2. Cost Sharing or Matching 

Cost sharing or matching funds, as defined in the Uniform Guidance,26 are not required, and the 

financial contributions from any investors for project implementation are not characterized as 

cost sharing or matching funds.

3. Other

The identified social problem(s) or other social benefits to be addressed by the intervention must 

relate to one of the outcomes identified in SIPPRA and listed in Section A.4.b. Outcomes.

D. Application and Submission Information 

1. How to Obtain an Application Package 

This NOFA, found at www.Grants.gov and www.Treasury.gov/SIPPRA, contains all of the 

information and links to forms needed to apply for grant funding. An application package may be 

obtained from Grants.gov by using this NOFA’s CFDA number: 21.017 or by emailing the 

SIPPRA Director Matthew Cook at SIPPRA@treasury.gov. Information on how to apply for 

grants can be found at https://www.Grants.gov/web/grants/applicants/apply-for-grants.html. 

2. Content and Form of Application Submission

a. Application for Project Award 

Applications submitted in response to this NOFA must include the following: 

a) SF-424, Application for Federal Assistance; 

b) SF-424A, Budget Information for Non-Construction Programs (if applicable);

26 See 2 CFR 200.29.
17

c) SF-424C, Budget Information for Construction Programs (if applicable);

d) SF-LLL, Disclosure of Lobbying Activities;

e) Grants.gov Lobbying Form; 

f) Project Narrative

The project narrative (page limit is 20 pages) must include the following:

(1) A not more than two-page project overview that will state the name of the project, 

amount of funding requested, project intervention period, total project timeline, 

name of service provider, name of intermediary (if any), name of investor(s), name 

of independent evaluator, if the project directly benefits children, a brief summary 

of the project, and brief summary of the expected outcomes to be achieved as a 

result of the intervention. 

(2) The outcome goals of the project, formulated as discussed in Section A.4.b 

Outcomes, and describing the existing base of evidence and citing available research 

literature. This section must include a theory of change and logic model for how the 

intervention will lead to these outcome goals building from the available research. 

See Section A.6.d Evidence Standard for a discussion of the theory of change and 

the logic model;

(3) The project timeline, including the project intervention period; 

(4) A description of each intervention in the project and anticipated outcomes of the 

intervention including a summary of the value of the anticipated outcomes that is 

laid out in detail in section #7 of the project narrative attachments;

(5) A service delivery plan for delivering the intervention through a social impact 

partnership model, including the proposed payment terms (e.g., the terms of any 

tiered payment scheme proposed by the applicant) and performance thresholds (i.e., 

the outcome goal or, in the case of a tiered payment scheme, a range of outcomes); 

(6) The target population that will be served by the project and the criteria used to 

determine the eligibility of an individual for the project, including how the target 

population will be identified, how individuals will be referred to the project, how 

they will be enrolled in it, and the extent to which affected stakeholders will be 

engaged in the development and implementation of the project and evaluation; 

(7) A succinct summary of the unmet need in the area where the intervention will be 

delivered or among the target population who will receive the intervention and the 

expected social benefits to participants who receive the intervention and others who 

may be impacted; 

(8) A description of whether and how the applicant and service providers plan to sustain 

the intervention, if it is timely and appropriate to do so, to ensure that successful 

interventions continue to operate after the period of the social impact partnership;

(9) Whether (and if so, how and what percentage of) the project will directly benefit 

children; and

(10) The Applicant may also consider including information on how the intervention

would foster innovation in social policy, yield a diversity of target populations and 

grantees, advance racial equity and support for underserved communities as 

described in Executive Order 13985, or include any other non-monetary benefits 

that could not be included in the BCA. Depending on the number of applications, 
18

Treasury may take these into consideration when choosing awardees. 

g) Project Narrative Attachments; 

The following items are required to be submitted as attachments to the project narrative:

1. Project budget: Provide a narrative for the budget, including amounts expected 

to be expended by partners. Please limit this to 5 pages or fewer. 

2. Partnership agreements: Provide a partnership agreement between the 

Applicant and all project partners. The partnership agreement must either be 

signed or, if submitted in draft form, must be accompanied by signed letters of 

intent to enter into such an agreement should the application be successful. The 

partnership agreement between the applicant and the partners, which must be 

attached to the grant application, must address each of the following. 

(1) Clearly defined roles and responsibilities of each partner;

(2) A plan for sharing data among the partners, including but not limited to a 

Memorandum of Understanding or Memorandum of Agreement, which 

may be conditioned on the award of a grant, that appropriately safeguards 

the privacy of individuals in the targeted population in accordance with 

applicable laws; 

(3) A representation that all project partners have reviewed an independent 

evaluation plan for the project and an agreement by all the partners to 

cooperate in the implementation of the evaluation plan as necessary; and 

(4) A payment arrangement between the applicant and project partners 

(including the intermediary and/or investors, as applicable), demonstrating 

that all partners understand that payment by the federal government is 

conditioned upon the independent evaluator’s verification that the 

project’s pre-determined outcome(s) and value generated have been met. 

This payment arrangement must include a plan and timeline describing 

each payment point that the project partners have agreed on, and the 

corresponding outcome targets that will be evaluated in the impact 

evaluation. Although the federal government generally will make 

payments to the grantee if the independent evaluator determines that the 

project achieved the specified outcome as a result of the intervention and 

the payment is less than or equal to the value of the outcome to the federal 

government,27 the federal government is not responsible for making 

payments to the Awardee’s partners. 

3. Partner qualifications. Please limit this to 3 pages or fewer.

(1) Service provider. Describe the expertise of each service provider that will 

administer the intervention, including a summary of the experience of the 

service provider in delivering the proposed intervention or a similar 

intervention, or demonstrating that the service provider has the expertise 

necessary to deliver the proposed intervention. This description must

include a discussion of the capacity of the service provider to deliver the 

intervention to the number of participants the State or local government 

27 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-2(c)(1)(B) and (2).
19

proposes to serve in the project. 

(2) Intermediary. With respect to any intermediary specifically, the 

application must discuss the intermediary’s mission and goals; its 

experience and capacity for providing or facilitating the provision of the 

type of intervention proposed; information on whether the intermediary is 

already working with service providers that provide this intervention or an 

explanation of the capacity of the intermediary to begin working with 

service providers to provide the intervention; its experience working in a 

collaborative environment across government and non-governmental 

entities to implement evidence-based programs; its previous experience 

collaborating with public or private entities to implement evidence-based 

programs; its ability to raise or provide funding to cover operating costs, 

as applicable; its capacity and infrastructure to track outcomes and 

measure results, including its capacity to track and analyze program 

performance and assess program impact; its experience with performancebased awards or performance-based contracting and achieving milestones 

and targets; and an explanation of how the intermediary would monitor 

program success, including a description of the interim benchmarks and 

outcome measures. 

(3) Investor. In addition, to the extent the Applicant intends to use investors 

and has not already identified and received commitments from them, the 

application must discuss the experience of the State or local government, 

intermediary, if any, or service provider in raising private and 

philanthropic capital to fund social service investments. 

4. Independent evaluator qualifications: Provide a summary explaining the 

independence of the evaluator from the other entities involved in the project and 

the evaluator’s experience in conducting rigorous evaluations of program 

effectiveness including, where available, well-implemented RCTs and quasiexperimental analyses on the intervention or similar interventions. When 

discussing experience, please note both personnel and organization experience.

Applicants must address the following qualifications of the evaluator. Please limit 

this to 3 pages or fewer.

(1) Experience working with the datasets the project expects to use;

(2) Prior work in conducting implementation and causal impact evaluation

and how their past methodologies and evaluation design experience will 

be used in the proposed project. Please provide examples of evaluations 

that they have completed of similar scope and complexity;

(3) Qualifications of the key personnel designing and overseeing the 

evaluation and ensuring its quality, including their education or training 

and type and years of experience; 

(4) Experience in managing similar evaluation protocols (e.g., this type of 

sampling, data collection, analysis); and

(5) Experience dealing with unforeseen data or implementation issues in other 

program evaluations. Provide specific examples and experiences dealing 

with unforeseen data or implementation issues.

5. Evaluation design plan: Provide an evaluation design plan by following the 
20

following guidelines. Please limit this to 10 pages or fewer.

Demonstrate a high-quality design by: 

(1) Explaining how the proposed evaluation is best suited for the project;

(2) Documenting the project evaluation’s research question(s), the data to be 

collected and analyzed, how data quality and integrity will be maintained, 

e.g., how attrition will be minimized, and specify overall and subgroup 

samples;

(3) Describing how the project will be implemented with fidelity, e.g., how 

random assignment to treatment and control groups will be ensured;

(4) Providing and justifying the selected evaluation strategy, i.e., RCT or 

quasi-experimental design;

(5) Explaining how the methodology will measure relevant unintended

outcomes and/or negative impacts;

(6) Stating whether the design is likely to generate evidence that can support 

causal conclusions, as described in Section A.6.d Evidence Standard;

(7) Describing anticipated challenges, such as attrition, failed randomization, 

and oversubscription and plans to mitigate them; and 

(8) Showing how the evaluation will be independent of the intervention and 

financing structure. 

Incorporate appropriate evaluation design by 

(9) Describing the metrics that will be used in the evaluation to determine 

whether the outcomes have been achieved as a result of the intervention

including key outcomes and outcome targets; an explanation of how the 

metrics will be measured; and an explanation of how the metrics are 

independent, objective indicators of impact that are not subject to 

manipulation by the service provider, the intermediary, or investors, if 

any;

(10) Describing the statistical assumptions required to infer causal effects in 

the research design (e.g., absence of spillovers, identifying conditions for 

non-RCTs, etc.). Provide examples of how these assumptions could be 

violated;

(11) Proposing all important covariates that will be used in evaluation 

analysis, including how these measures will be operationalized, and the 

data used for them;

(12) Describing anticipated statistical and analytical methods (such as 

regression equations to be used), power calculations, and minimal 

detectable impacts for each proposed outcome. Please include the actual 

power and minimal detectable impact estimates for each proposed 

outcome; 

(13) Describing what hypothesis testing procedure will be used (e.g., pvalues), what hypotheses will be tested, and how the tests will be 

conducted (e.g., robust standard error estimators, etc.)
21

(14) Including the anticipated customized randomization plan if applicable; 

(15) Describing an approach for coordinating all partners and required 

evaluation activities, including assisting the independent evaluator in 

collecting and accessing the necessary data, and include a timeline;

(16) Describing an approach for conducting an evaluation of program 

implementation, potentially using an implementation framework (e.g., the 

Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research)

6. Independent evaluator contract or agreement. Provide a copy of the contract

or agreement to be entered into between the State or local government and the 

independent evaluator. The contract or agreement must address the following 

information. 

(1) Plan to obtain relevant datasets from various sources, for example, local 

agencies, state agencies, or other federal agencies, including the 

responsibilities of the grantee and evaluator in accomplishing this task; 

(2) Design and coding of a management information system, as needed, that is 

tailored for research or evaluation, to track participants and obtain 

individual level data;

(3) Collection or assessment of individual-level data. The independent 

evaluator must work directly with the applicant and other organizations to 

enter into one or more agreements for the access and use of the data.

These agreements must include assuring data quality and adherence to all 

federal and state data privacy statutes and policies and to all applicable

data security standards;

(4) Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval or a plan to get IRB approval 

to ensure the protection of human subjects, to the extent applicable; and

(5) Submission of progress reports to Treasury, the Interagency Council, and 

the head of the relevant agency in accordance with the reporting 

requirements described in Section F.3.b Evaluation Progress Reports and 

Section F.3.c Evaluation Final Report. 

7. Outcome valuation: Provide an attachment detailing the outcome valuation of 

the anticipated outcomes, as described in Section A.5 Outcome Valuation 

Methodology. Start by detailing the projected savings to the federal, state, or local 

government and make clear which level of government anticipates receiving 

savings. Then, provide a completed BCA that details the monetized benefits and 

costs including incorporating the federal, State, or local savings as a benefit.

Applicants must provide the estimated total value and savings, estimated value 

and savings per project participant, estimated value and savings per dollar spent 

on the intervention, as well as the methodology used by the Applicant in arriving 

at such estimates. Also, provide the estimated savings over the course of the 

period of performance. Applicants should cite evidence that the reviewers can 

assess when deriving the estimated benefits and costs. Treasury strongly 

recommends that the Applicant provide an unprotected Excel spreadsheet that 

allows a reviewer to view and manipulate all underlying data. Please limit this to 

10 pages or fewer. 

8. Legal compliance: If the Applicant proposes a project including a construction 

component, the Applicant must identify the State and federal environmental laws, 
22

regulations, and policies that will apply to the project, and the environmental 

documents required under State and federal laws. If an applicant proposes a 

project including a transportation component, the applicant must identify 

applicable federal, State, and local laws relating to that component, and any 

transportation-related permitting and licensing documents required under federal, 

State and local laws. The applicant must identify laws applying to the population 

being served and demonstrate that the project will be in compliance with those 

laws. The applicant must also comply with applicable federal, State, and local 

privacy laws. The applicant must also identify any approved waivers of any 

existing laws or regulations, including but not limited to environmental or 

transportation laws or regulations, required by the intervention design; if waivers 

are pending, the applicant must include documentation that it has sought the 

waiver, that it is under consideration, and when approval is expected to be 

received. Failure to obtain a necessary waiver may be grounds for termination of a 

grant.

9. An application may contain additional supporting documentation as attachments, 

such as an existing feasibility study.

b. Form for Project Award 

The project application must be prepared using the following formatting and organizational 

guidelines:

1. Number all pages.

2. The Project Narrative must:

i. include a table of contents;

ii. be double-spaced, with text in a single column;

iii. be a standard 12-point font, such as Times New Roman;

iv. use 1-inch margins;

v. not exceed 20 pages in length, excluding the table of contents and appendices. The 

only substantive portions that may exceed the 20-page limit are documents supporting 

assertions or conclusions made in the Project Narrative. See each individual 

attachment for page limits. 

vi. As appropriate, include graphics, charts, or lists to make the information easier to 

review.

vii. If possible, provide website links to supporting documentation rather than copies of 

these supporting materials. It is important to ensure that the website links are 

currently active, accessible, and working. 

viii. If supporting documents are submitted, applicants must clearly identify within the 

Project Narrative the relevant portion of the Project Narrative that each supporting 

document supports.

ix. Use appropriately descriptive file names (e.g., “Project Narrative,” “Chart,” 

“Evaluation Design Plan”) for all attachments. 

x. All file names must be prefaced with the applicant’s name or initials, e.g., “Land of 

Ozzie Oz” or “LOO.”
23

3. Unique Entity Identifier and System for Award Management (SAM) 

Registration for Grants.gov is a critical prerequisite to applying for a grant. It is a multi-step 

process that may take several weeks to complete before an application may be submitted. 

Grants.gov scheduled maintenance and outage times are announced on the Grants.gov website, 

http://www.Grants.gov. The deadline will not be extended due to scheduled maintenance or 

outages. Applicants may incur significant risk by waiting to the last day to submit by Grants.gov. 

General information for registering and submitting applications through Grants.gov can be found 

at https://www.Grants.gov/web/grants/applicants.html along with specific instructions for the 

forms and attachments required for submission. Applicants encountering a problem with 

Grants.gov may call the Grants.gov Contact Center at 1-800-518-4726 or 606-545-5035 to speak 

to a Customer Support Representative, or e-mail support@Grants.gov. The Contact Center is 

open 24 hours a day, seven days a week, other than on federal holidays, when it is closed. All 

required documents comprising the application must be included at the time the application is 

submitted as set forth in Section D.2 Content and Form of Application Submission. 

Applications may be withdrawn by providing written notice to SIPPRA@Treasury.gov at any 

time before an award is made.

Applicants must register with SAM, a federal government-wide portal used for acquisition and 

federal assistance processes and maintain an active SAM registration until the application 

process is complete and, if a grant is awarded, throughout the life of the award. SAM registration 

must be renewed annually. 

Treasury suggests finalizing a new registration or renewing an existing one at least one month 

before the NOFA application deadline to allow time to resolve any issues that may arise. 

Applicants must use their SAM-registered legal name and address on all grant applications to 

Treasury. Treasury will not make an award to an applicant if the applicant has not complied with 

all applicable SAM requirements.28

On April 4, 2022, the federal government stopped using the DUNS Number to uniquely identify 

entities. Now, entities doing business with the federal government use a Unique Entity ID 

(UEID) created in SAM.gov. The UEID is a unique, multiple-digit sequence recognized as the 

universal standard for identifying and keeping track of over 70 million entities worldwide. 

Applicants for federal assistance are no longer required to go to a third-party website to obtain 

their identifier. This transition allows the government to streamline the entity identification and 

validation process, making it easier and less burdensome for entities to do business with the 

federal government. 

Applicants must obtain this UEID number immediately to ensure all registration steps are 

complete prior to submitting an application. Applications will be identified by the UEID of the 

State or local government lead applicant. Information on how to obtain a UEID may be found at 

SAM.gov, or by calling 866-705-5711. 

28 For more information about SAM, see the information provided by the General Services Administration at

https://sam.gov/content/about/this-site. 
24

If your entity is registered in SAM.gov today, your UEID has already been assigned and is 

viewable in SAM.gov.29 This includes inactive registrations. The UEID is located on your entity 

registration record. You must be signed into your SAM.gov account to view the entity record. 

The UEID must be entered in the block with the applicant’s name and address on the cover page 

of the application, block 8c on the Form SF 424, Application for Federal Assistance. The name 

and address in the application must be exactly as given for the UEID number. 

4. Submission Date, Time, and Address

Applications must be submitted between 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time on February 12, 2024 and 11:59 

p.m. Eastern Time on April 15, 2024. Applications must be submitted electronically through 

Grants.gov. Mail, e-mail, telegram, or facsimile (FAX) submissions will not be accepted. 

5. Intergovernmental Review 

This funding opportunity is subject to Executive Order 12372, “Intergovernmental Review of 

Federal Programs,” as amended by Executive Order 12416. Some States require that applicants 

contact their State’s Single Point of Contact (SPOC) to comply with the State’s SPOC process 

established pursuant to Executive Order 12372. Names and addresses of the SPOCs are listed on

the Office of Management and Budget’s homepage at https://www.whitehouse.gov/wpcontent/uploads/2020/04/SPOC-4-13-20.pdf. Applications from federally-recognized Indian 

tribes are not subject to intergovernmental review.

6. Funding Restrictions 

Grants will only be awarded to those entities and for those projects that are eligible as described 

in Section C. Eligibility Information. As discussed above in Section A.3.d Directly Benefit 

Children, the Act provides that not less than 50 percent of all federal payments made to carry out 

social impact partnership project agreements shall be used for initiatives that directly benefit 

children. According to the Act, projects may only be awarded if they produce savings to the 

federal, State, or local government, as defined in Section A.5 Outcome Valuation Methodology. 

For this NOFA, Treasury will only consider applications that have a positive Benefit-Cost 

Analysis (BCA), as explained in Section A.5 Outcome Valuation Methodology. Treasury is 

placing an upper limit on the amount of each project award- not including the associated 

independent evaluation- of $10 million. The federal government will fund up to 15 percent of the 

amount of the estimated project award for an independent evaluation of the project.30 Federal 

awards will not allow reimbursement of pre-Federal award costs. 

7. Ethical Conduct of Funded Projects 

Federal award recipients bear primary responsibility for prevention and detection of research 

misconduct. They must foster an atmosphere conducive to research integrity and maintain and 

effectively communicate and train their staff regarding policies and procedures. In the event an 

application to Treasury results in a SIPPRA program award, the State or local government must 

30 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-4(f). 
25

designate an Authorized Representative (AR) who is a paid employee of the State or local 

government. The AR assures, through acceptance of the award, that the recipient will comply 

with these requirements. An award recipient must, upon request, make available to Treasury the 

policies, procedures, and documentation that support the training provided to its staff and 

providers. 

Treasury recognizes that data sharing may be complicated or limited, in some cases, by 

organizational policies, local Institutional Review Board (IRB) rules, and local, State, and federal 

laws, and regulations. The rights and privacy of individuals and beneficiaries who participate in 

the implementation of this intervention project must be protected at all times. This includes 

human subjects assurance statements that the project has been reviewed and approved by an IRB

or determined exempt from review. Data intended for broader use must be free of identifiers that 

would permit linkages to other data on project research participants and variables that could lead 

to deductive disclosure of the identity of individual participants and beneficiaries. 

8. Privacy and Confidentiality

The Act establishes the Commission on Social Impact Partnerships (Commission) whose 

principal obligation is to make recommendations to Treasury regarding the funding of SIPPRA 

demonstration project and feasibility studies.31 The Commission is subject to the provisions of 

the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA), which generally requires that documents made 

available to the Commission be made available for public inspection and copying.32 Treasury 

may provide to the Commission all complete applications received under this NOFA from 

eligible applicants and expects to make these applications available for public inspection and 

copying. However, FACA also provides that trade secrets and commercial or financial 

information that is privileged or confidential under the Freedom of Information Act (confidential 

business information) need not be made publicly available.33 In order to comply with FACA’s 

public disclosure requirements while protecting confidential business information in accordance 

with FACA, each applicant may submit a package of proposed redactions of confidential 

business information. The Applicant may omit pages for which it does not propose any 

redactions in this package. Proposed redactions must be highlighted in a way that leaves the 

material proposed to be redacted visible to Treasury staff. Treasury will review the redactions 

proposed by each applicant. The Applicant should notify Treasury staff at 

SIPPRA@treasury.gov if they intend to submit any redactions. 

E. Application Review Information

1. Criteria

The panel assigned to an application will score that application in accordance with the criteria set 

forth in the scoring rubric below, which reflects the application content requirements under the 

Act,34 and the considerations that Treasury, in consultation with the Interagency Council and the 

31 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-6. 32 See 5 U.S.C. App. 2 10(b). 33 See id.; 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4). 34 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(c), 1397n-1(d).
26

head of the relevant federal agency, is required by the Act to consider when granting awards.35

The scores will serve as a reference in subsequent phases of review, discussed below. Treasury is

not required to make awards in rank order. The panel scores will not be binding with respect to 

subsequent phases of review. Furthermore, Treasury may reject applications that show 

significant deficiencies with respect to any one component that is critical to the success of the 

project under the pay for results model, e.g., an application that does not identify an evaluator 

that is independent from the other project participants, regardless of the applicant’s total score. 

Subject Matter Review Scoring Rubric

i. Value and Savings 30

points

I. Savings to federal, state, and local government 10 points

II. Value to the federal government 20 points

ii. Likelihood of Achieving Outcomes 40

points

I. Evidence demonstrating intervention can be expected to 

achieve desired outcome

II. Project budget and service delivery plan 

III. Project partners

15 points

15 points

10 points 

iii. Quality of Evaluation 25

points

I. Evaluation design and metrics

II. Evaluator independence and experience

15 points

10 points

iv. Capacity and Commitment to Sustain the Intervention 5 points

TOTAL 100 

points

 

i. Value and Savings

This section has two components: savings to the federal, State, and local governments and value 

to the federal government. The magnitude of the estimated savings or value will not be a factor 

in the overall score of the application. 

I. Savings to federal, State, and local governments 

The Act requires Treasury to take into consideration the savings to the federal, State and local 

governments.36 The term “savings” refers to reduced outlays, whether by the federal or State or 

local government, as applicable, as a result of the project.37 There must be savings to the State or 

local government, or to the federal government, for a project to be funded through the SIPPRA 

35 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-2(b). 36 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-2(b)(4), (5). 37 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-2(b)(5).
27

program.38 Increased revenues as a result of the intervention are not considered savings. 

The panels will ensure that the Applicant meets the threshold requirement of the presence of 

federal, State, or local savings. Then, they will assess the quality of the methodology used by the 

Applicant to arrive at the estimates, how likely the Applicant is to achieve these savings, and 

comprehensiveness of the estimated savings. 

Applicants must include in the application the estimated total savings, estimated savings per 

project participant, and estimated savings per dollar spent on the intervention. Applicants must 

also provide the estimated total savings over the period of performance. 

II. Value to the federal government

The federal payment to the State or local government for each specified outcome achieved as a 

result of the intervention must be less than or equal to the value of the outcome to the federal 

government over a period not exceeding ten years from the date implementation commences.

39

Value calculated for the purpose of this NOFA is discussed in Section A.5.a Federal Value for 

the SIPPRA Program and includes social benefits as well as savings through the BCA. The 

federal payment to the State or local government for each specified outcome achieved as a result 

of the intervention will be limited to the value of the outcome to the federal government, which 

is the net benefit derived from the BCA. 

The panel will determine how likely the project is to achieve the value determined through the 

BCA, how accurate the justification is that the proposed intervention will produce the value 

proposed by the Applicant, and the comprehensiveness of the Applicant’s estimate. The panel

will also review the data and approach to ensure it can easily be replicated, and that the data were 

sufficient for the analysis. The panel will take into account the extent to which the benefits 

exceed costs.

Applicants must include in the application the estimated total value, estimated value per project 

participant, estimated value per dollar spent on the intervention, and the ratio of benefits to costs.

ii. Likelihood of Achieving Outcomes

SIPPRA requires Treasury to take into consideration the likelihood, based on evidence provided 

in the application and other evidence, that the State or local government in collaboration with the 

intermediary and the service providers will achieve the specified outcomes.40 Projects showing a 

greater likelihood of achieving outcomes will receive more points from the panels, as detailed 

below. 

I. Evidence

The panels will review the applicant’s identified target population, outcome goals, proposed 

38 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(b); 42 U.S.C 1397n-5(a)(8). 39 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-2(c)(1)(B). 40 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-2(b)(3).
28

intervention(s), and description of the unmet need in the area where the intervention will be 

delivered or among the target population that will receive the intervention.41,42 In connection 

with this consideration, panels will assess Applicants’ compliance with the statutory requirement 

to provide evidence demonstrating that the intervention can be expected to produce the proposed 

outcomes.43 More points will be given for applications providing strong evidence in support of 

the likelihood of achieving the outcomes; in particular, points will be awarded for evidence 

based on previous interventions or interventions similar to the proposed intervention that were 

shown to produce the desired outcomes as a direct result of the intervention and not as a result of 

other factors. See Section A.6.d Evidence for greater detail on evidence standards. 

II. Service delivery plan, project budget, and partnership 

agreement

The likelihood of success of a SIPPRA program project is in part determined by whether the 

project is designed, structured, and implemented in a way that will foster success. To this end, 

the panels will assess the thoroughness and comprehensiveness of the applicant’s service 

delivery plan for delivering the intervention. Panels will review the criteria used to determine the 

eligibility of an individual for the project, including how the target population will be identified, 

how individuals will be referred to the project, and how they will be enrolled in it.44 Applications 

will be assessed based on the soundness of the methodology for identifying the target population 

and the thoroughness of the applicant’s plan for referring and enrolling individuals, including 

assurances that the process avoids targeting easier-to-serve individuals from the target population 

for enrollment. The panel will consider whether, to the extent applicable, the Applicant has 

demonstrated that members of the target population are not being unfairly discriminated against 

in the selection, referral, and enrollment process. (See Section F.2.b, Non-discrimination laws 

and regulations). Panelists will also review the extent to which the target population and related 

community will be engaged in the development and implementation of the project and 

evaluation. 

The panels will also assess the Applicant’s project budget, including projected costs, and the 

project timeline.45 The panels will assess the strength of the partnership agreement to the extent 

not covered under other components of the panel’s scoring criteria. Applications will be assessed 

with respect to the thoroughness of the budget, timeline, and partnership agreement and the 

extent to which the intervention is achievable under the budget, service delivery plan, timeline, 

and partnership agreement. To the extent the Applicant intends to use investors and has not 

already identified and received commitments from them, the panel will consider the experience 

of the State or local government, intermediary, or service provider in raising private and 

philanthropic capital to fund social service investments.46

III. Project partners

41 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(c)(1), (2), (4), (14). 42 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(c)(8). 43 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(c)(3), 1397n-2(c)(1)(D). 44 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(c)(18). 45 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(c)(6), (16), (17). 46 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(c)(11).
29

Because the likelihood of success is also determined by the capabilities of the project partners, 

the panels will assess the assigned responsibilities and the qualifications of the partners. This will 

include an assessment of the applicant’s description of the roles and responsibilities of each 

entity involved in the project, including, to the extent applicable, any State or local government 

entity, intermediary, service provider, investor, or other stakeholder.47 The panel will also assess 

the relevance and depth of expertise of each service provider and capacity of each service 

provider to deliver the intervention, as described by the applicant.48 Likewise, the panel will 

review the relevance and depth of experience of any project intermediary and the capacity of the 

intermediary to fill the roles assigned to it.49 

iii. Quality of Evaluation

I. Evaluation design and metrics 

The Act requires Treasury to consider the expected quality of the evaluation of the proposed 

intervention that the independent evaluator will conduct. The panels will assess the project’s 

evaluation design including the rigor and strength of the design, its capacity to determine that the 

outcomes were as a result of the intervention, feasibility of implementing the evaluation, the 

quality and availability of the required data, and the Applicant’s explanation of how the metrics 

used in the evaluation are independent, objective indicators of impact.

II. Evaluator independence and experience

Panels will review the independence of the evaluator from the other entities involved in the 

project and the evaluator’s experience in conducting rigorous evaluations of program 

effectiveness. Types of experience that will be reviewed include experience with the chosen 

evaluation design method on the intervention or similar interventions, the datasets the project 

expects to use, conducting implementation and causal impact analyses, managing similar 

evaluation protocols, and dealing with unforeseen data or implementation issues in other 

program evaluations. The qualifications of the individuals designing and overseeing the 

evaluation and ensuring its quality, including their education or training and type and years of 

experience, will also be taken into account. 

iv. Capacity and Commitment to Sustain the Intervention

Finally, the Act requires Treasury to take into consideration the capacity and commitment of 

the State or local government to sustain the intervention, if appropriate and timely, and if the 

intervention is successful, beyond the period of the social impact partnership.50 Panels will 

consider applicants’ submissions with respect to State or local government and service providers’ 

plans to sustain the intervention.51 Although the primary focus will be on the project period, 

panels will provide additional points to applications that demonstrate a commitment from the 

State or local government and service providers and the availability of sufficient funding to 

47 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(c)(12), (d)(8). 48 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(c)(10), (13), (23). 49 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(d). 50 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-2(b)(7). 51 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-1(c)(24).
30

extend the project, if appropriate, beyond the project period.52

2. Review and Selection Process 

The following is the review process for determining the award recipients. Each step is explained 

in greater detail below. 

• Phase 1: Completeness and Eligibility Review

• Phase 2: Subject Matter Expert Panel Review

• Phase 3: Consistency Review and Commission Recommendations 

• Phase 4: Interagency Council Certification and Treasury Determination

• Phase 5: Review of Federal Awardee Performance and Integrity Information System 

Information Data and Risk Evaluation 

a. Phase 1: Completeness and Eligibility Review 

In the first review phase, Treasury will review all applications to determine eligibility and 

completeness, which will consist of a technical review to determine whether the applicant is a 

State or local government; whether the proposed project can qualify as a pay for results project 

as set forth in Section A.4.a The Pay for Results Model; whether the proposed project qualifies 

as an eligible project as set forth in Section A.4.b Outcomes; and whether each of the application 

content requirements set forth in Section D.2 Content and Form of Application Submission, has 

been satisfied. Prospective applicants are encouraged to consult the SIPPRA FAQs on Treasury’s 

SIPPRA website page to help them determine if their proposed project is suitable under the pay 

for results model.53 An application received from an ineligible entity or for an ineligible project 

will be rejected. Applicants are required to establish that the proposed project is an eligible 

project. Incomplete applications may, at Treasury’s discretion, receive further consideration. 

Treasury expects to afford applicants a reasonable opportunity to fix any such issues, as 

appropriate. 

b. Phase 2: Subject Matter Expert Panel Review 

Treasury will assign complete applications submitted by eligible applicants to a panel of subject 

matter experts who will be selected based on their knowledge of the social benefit(s) or 

problem(s), technical expertise in the type of intervention, experience working with the target 

population that is the subject of the application, or other considerations. Review panelists will be 

selected from relevant federal agencies. Reviewers will be screened for conflicts of interest.

The panel will review the applications based on the criteria laid out above. 

52 As noted above, an applicant may discuss the commitment to scalability and building capacity or plans to 

maintain project benefits and/or continue the intervention beyond the project period in the event the intervention 

successfully addresses the needs of the target population. An applicant may include plans to make adaptations 

within its environment to strengthen or expand its proposed intervention beyond the period of performance.

53 Department of Treasury, SIPPRA- Pay for Results, https://home.treasury.gov/services/social-impactpartnerships/sippra-pay-for-results. 
31

c. Phase 3: Consistency Review and Commission Recommendations 

Following the panel review, Treasury will review application scores for consistency among 

subject matter experts on each panel and across panels and rank the applications. The Act 

establishes the Commission on Social Impact Partnerships (“the Commission”) whose principal 

obligation is to make recommendations to Treasury regarding the funding of SIPPRA program

projects and feasibility studies. The nine-member advisory commission established by the Act

consists of a non-federal Chair appointed by the President and eight non-federal members chosen 

by congressional leaders.54 The members of the Commission are required to (1) be experienced 

in finance, economics, pay for performance, or program evaluation; (2) have relevant 

professional or personal experience in a field related to one or more of the outcomes listed in this 

division; or (3) be qualified to review applications for social impact partnership projects to 

determine whether the proposed metrics and evaluation methodologies are appropriately rigorous 

and reliant upon independent data and evidence-based research. The Commission will review the 

applications and make recommendations to Treasury. 

d. Phase 4: Interagency Council Certification and Treasury Determination

The Act establishes the Federal Interagency Council on Social Impact Partnerships (“the 

Interagency Council”). This eleven-member body is chaired by the Director of the Office of 

Management and Budget and its other members are representatives from the Departments of 

Labor, Health and Human Services, Agriculture, Justice, Housing and Urban Development, 

Education, Veterans Affairs, and Treasury; the Social Security Administration; and the 

Corporation for National and Community Service. The Interagency Council has 10 enumerated 

responsibilities including certifying Federal savings, providing subject-matter expertise, and 

advising the Secretary of the Treasury.55

The Interagency Council is required to certify that applications contain rigorous, independent 

data and reliable, evidence-based research methodologies to support the conclusion that the 

project will yield savings to the State or local government or the federal government if the 

project outcomes are achieved before Treasury makes its award decision,56 and accordingly, will 

determine which applications warrant certification based on these criteria.

Treasury, in consultation with the Interagency Council and the head of any federal agency (or 

their designee) administering a similar intervention or serving a population similar to that served 

by the project, will review the applications, taking into account the statutory considerations 

referenced above as well as the recommendations made by the Commission and the Interagency 

Council certification (or absence thereof). Depending on the number of meritorious applications, 

Treasury may consider how the intervention would foster innovation in social policy, yield a 

diversity of target populations and grantees, advance racial equity and support for underserved 

communities as described in Executive Order 13985, or any other non-monetary benefits that 

could not be included in the BCA.

54 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-6. 55 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-5. 56 See 42 U.S.C. 1397n-5(a)(8).
32

e. Phase 5: Review of Federal Awardee Performance and Integrity Information 

System Information Data and Risk Evaluation

As required by the Uniform Guidance, Treasury will review and consider any information about 

an applicant that is in the Federal Awardee Performance and Integrity Information System 

(FAPIIS) before making any award in excess of the simplified acquisition threshold (currently 

$250,000) over the period of performance. Each applicant may review information in the 

designated integrity and performance systems accessible through SAM and comment on any 

information about itself that a federal awarding agency previously entered and is currently in the 

designated integrity and performance system accessible through SAM. Treasury will consider 

any comments by the applicant, in addition to other information in FAPIIS in making a judgment 

about the applicant’s integrity, business ethics, and record of performance under federal awards 

when completing the review of risk posed by applicants as described in the Uniform Guidance.57

Further, as required by Appendix XII of the Uniform Guidance, non-federal entities (NFEs) are

required to disclose in FAPIIS any information about criminal, civil, and administrative 

proceedings, or affirm that there is no new information to provide.58 This applies to NFEs for 

which the total value of active grants, cooperative agreements, and procurement contracts 

received from all federal awarding agencies exceeds $10,000,000 for any period of time during 

the period of performance of an award or project. This means that Treasury may reject an 

application based on the information contained in FAPIIS even if the applicant otherwise 

achieves a high score under the 100-point scoring rubric discussed in Section E.1 Criteria, above.

3. Application Clarification and Feedback 

During the course of the review process and risk assessment evaluation, Treasury may ask some 

applicants to provide confirming or clarifying information. Treasury staff uses such information 

to inform funding recommendations. A request for confirmation or clarification does not 

guarantee a grant award. If an applicant does not respond by the deadline to a request for 

information, Treasury may remove its application from consideration. Upon request, Treasury 

expects to provide feedback to unsuccessful applicants after grant awards have been announced. 

4. Anticipated Announcement and Federal Award Dates 

The deadline for submitting projects under this NOFA is April 15, 2024. Treasury will begin its 

review following this deadline. Review will not be conducted on a rolling basis. Treasury 

anticipates notifying the Applicant of the award decision six months after the application 

deadline. 

F. Federal Award Administration Information 

1. Federal Award Notices

Before a grant is awarded, Treasury may enter into negotiations with the applicant regarding 

57 See 2 CFR 200.205. 58 See 2 CFR Part 200, appendix XII.
33

program components, staffing and funding levels, and/or administrative systems in place to 

support grant implementation. If the negotiations do not result in a mutually acceptable 

submission, Treasury reserves the right to terminate the negotiations and decline to fund the 

award.

Treasury expects to announce the results of this competition by Q1 FY 2025. Treasury will 

provide successful applicants with a Notice of Award (NoA) that will set forth the amount of the 

award and other pertinent information. The NoA is the legal document issued to notify an 

applicant that an award has been made. Treasury expects that the NoA will also include standard 

Terms and Conditions and any Special Award Conditions related to participation in the SIPPRA

program. A copy will also be sent to the electronic mail address listed on the SF-424. The 

applicant’s signature on the SF-424, including electronic signature via E-Authentication on 

http://www.grants.gov, constitutes a binding offer by the applicant. 

Note that any communication between Treasury and applicants prior to the issuance of the NoA 

and prior to the execution of any award agreement is not authorization to begin performance on 

the project.

Unsuccessful applicants will be notified of their status by electronic mail to the applicant listed 

on the SF-424. Unsuccessful applicants may apply under subsequent NOFAs, if any. 

2. Administrative and National Policy Requirements

Successful applicants selected for awards must agree to comply with additional applicable legal 

requirements upon acceptance of an award. All grants are subject to the Office of Management 

and Budget’s (OMB’s) regulatory requirements for grants codified in the Uniform Guidance. 

Grantees must agree, as part of their award agreement, to comply with all requirements under 2 

CFR Part 200, as applicable. Subpart E of 2 CFR Part 200 is not applicable to the project award, 

but federal funding for the independent evaluator is subject to Subpart E of 2 CFR Part 200.

a. Administrative Program Requirements

Awards under this NOFA are subject to federal laws, regulations, and policies concerning grants. 

Below is a non-exhaustive list of requirements with which the applicant will need to comply:

i. Lobbying Restrictions at 31 CFR Part 21.

ii. Government-wide Debarment and Suspension Requirements at 31 CFR 

Part 19. 

iii. Government-wide Requirements for Drug-Free Workplace at 31 CFR Part 

20. 

iv. Award Term for Trafficking in Persons at 2 CFR Part 175.

v. Environmental Requirements

Treasury approval of financial assistance is subject to compliance with applicable federal and 

State environmental requirements. As discussed under Section D.2.a(g)8 (pg. 22) Legal 

Compliance, the Applicant must identify the State and federal environmental laws, regulations, 
34

and policies that may apply to the project and the environmental documents that may be required 

under State and federal laws. Pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, as 

amended (NEPA), project applications will be evaluated in accordance with Treasury’s NEPA 

procedures and categorical exclusions. Grantees whose projects do not fall within Treasury’s 

categorical exclusions will be required to assist Treasury in conducting an Environmental 

Analysis and an Environmental Impact Statement for the project, as applicable.

b. Non-discrimination Laws and Regulations

All grantees, partners, and sub-recipients, if applicable, must comply with applicable nondiscrimination statutes and regulations. These include but are not limited to: (a) Title VI of the 

Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000-2000d7), which prohibits discrimination on the basis 

of race, color of national origin, and Treasury’s implementing regulations, 31 CFR part 22; (b) 

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, as amended (20 U.S.C. 1681-1683, and 1685-

1686), which prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex, and Treasury’s implementing 

regulation 31 CFR part 28; (c) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended (29 

U.S.C. 794), which prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability; (d) the Individuals with 

Disabilities Education Act, as amended (20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.); (e) the Age Discrimination Act 

of 1975, as amended (42 U.S.C. 6101–6107), which prohibits discrimination on the basis of age, 

and Treasury’s implementing regulations, 31 CFR part 23; (f) the Drug Abuse Office and 

Treatment Act of 1972 (P.L. 92-255), as amended, relating to nondiscrimination on the basis of 

drug abuse; (g) the Comprehensive Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Prevention, Treatment and 

Rehabilitation Act of 1970 (P.L. 91-616), as amended, relating to nondiscrimination on the basis 

of alcohol abuse or alcoholism; (h) Section 523 and 527 of the Public Health Service Act of 1912 

(42 U.S.C. 290dd-3 and 290ee-3), as amended, relating to confidentiality of alcohol and drug 

abuse patient records; and (i) Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.), 

as amended, relating to nondiscrimination in the sale, rental or financing of housing.

c. Transparency Act Requirements

Applicants must ensure that they have the necessary processes and systems in place to comply 

with the reporting requirements of the Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 

2006 (P.L. 109-282, as amended by § 6202 of P.L. 110-252) (Transparency Act). All Applicants, 

except for those excepted from the Transparency Act, must ensure that they have the necessary 

processes and systems in place to comply with the sub-award and executive total compensation 

reporting requirements of the Transparency Act, should they receive funding. Upon award, 

Applicants will receive detailed information on the reporting requirements of the Transparency 

Act, as described in 2 CFR Part 170, Appendix A. No sub-award of an award made under this 

NOFA may be made to a sub-recipient that is subject to the terms of the Transparency Act unless 

that potential sub-recipient acquires and provides a Unique Entity Identifier.

d. Access to Records/Oversight

By accepting a project award under this NOFA, the Awardee agrees to make available to 

Treasury, the Comptroller General, agency Inspectors General, the administering agency, or any 

of their authorized representatives, all data and documents that might be needed, including 
35

contracts and agreements, regardless of whether outcomes are achieved and payment is received, 

in the Awardee’s possession or available to the grantee. Awardees must also agree to provide 

timely and reasonable access to program operating personnel, project partners, and participants. 

This evaluation may make use of program management information system data, local 

administrative data, financial data, and program progress reports. It is critical that Awardees keep 

this information up to date and accurate for performance measurement, evaluation, and auditing 

purposes. Awardees may be required to: (1) provide access to pertinent documents; (2) host site 

visits; (3) facilitate interviews with grantee staff, partners and the independent evaluator; (4) 

attend grantee meetings; and (5) provide additional data. By accepting a project award under this 

NOFA, the Awardee also agrees to participate in a national cross-site evaluation in the event that 

the federal government conducts one.

e. Intellectual Property Rights

Intellectual property rights relating to the activities of the Awardee and all partners in the project, 

including the evaluator, intermediary, and service provider(s) are subject to 2 CFR 200.315. 

f. Record Retention

Applicants must follow federal guidelines on record retention, which require Awardees to 

maintain all records pertaining to grant activities for a period of not less than three years from the 

time of final grant close-out. 

g. Requirements Applicable to Construction and Real Property Acquisition

Additional requirements may apply to projects involving construction or the acquisition of real 

property. Applicants should discuss such projects with Treasury staff prior to submitting an 

application. 

h. Other Requirements

Awardees must comply with existing laws and regulations governing the subject area of the 

project and the relevant federal agency administering the project. If the intervention design 

requires exceptions to any such existing laws and regulations, the applicant must obtain a waiver 

from the governing federal, State, or local agency.

i. Special program requirements

i. Evaluation Agreement

For each social impact project grant approved by Treasury, the head of the relevant federal 

agency, as recommended by the Interagency Council and determined by Treasury, will enter into 

an agreement with the grant recipient to pay for all or part of the independent evaluation for the 

project up to 15 percent of the award amount. Under the Act, the head of the relevant federal 

agency may not enter into an agreement with a State or local government unless the head 

determines that the evaluator is independent of the other parties to the agreement and has 
36

demonstrated substantial experience in conducting rigorous evaluations of program effectiveness 

including, where available, well-implemented RCTs and quasi-experimental analyses on the 

intervention or similar interventions.

ii. Federal Register Publication of Notice of Award

The Act provides that not later than 30 days after entering into an agreement for an award, 

Treasury must publish a notice in the Federal Register that includes the following information 

about the award. 

• The outcome goals of the project.

• The target population that will be served by the project.

• A description of each intervention in the project.

• The expected social benefits to participants who receive the intervention and others who 

may be impacted.

• The detailed roles, responsibilities, and purposes of each federal, State, or local 

government entity, intermediary, service provider, independent evaluator, investor, if 

any, or other stakeholder.

• The payment terms, the methodology used to calculate outcome payments, the payment 

schedule, and performance thresholds. 

• The project budget.

• The project timeline.

• The project eligibility criteria.

• The evaluation design.

• The metrics that will be used in the evaluation to determine whether the outcomes have 

been achieved as a result of each intervention and how these metrics will be measured.

• The estimate of the savings to the federal, State, and local government, on a program-byprogram basis and in the aggregate, if the agreement is entered into and implemented and 

the outcomes are achieved as a result of each intervention. 

Additionally, the Act requires that this information, along with progress reports and final reports 

relating to each project, be posted on a website established and maintained by the Interagency 

Council. 

iii. Changes to the Statement of Work

Upon grant of an award, the proposal will become the grant’s statement of work. Treasury 

discourages any post-award changes to the target population, outcome(s), intermediary, and 

independent evaluator. Under extenuating circumstances, Treasury and/or the relevant federal 

agency administering the grant at its sole discretion may approve revisions to the statement of 

work. Changes to the intervention strategy and source of up-front project funding may be made 

with prior written approval from Treasury or the administering federal agency. To start this 

process, the Awardee must timely notify Matthew Cook, SIPPRA Director, at

SIPPRA@Treasury.gov of these changes as they occur and provide appropriate documentation 

to update the statement of work.
37

3. Reporting

Awardees must agree to meet the reporting requirements as listed below or as otherwise 

specified in the award agreement. Administrative reports must be submitted electronically to 

Treasury or to the relevant federal agency, as specified in the award agreement.

a. Performance Report

An Annual Performance Report form must be submitted within 90 days of the end of each 

calendar year of the award period of performance. A final performance report is due 90 calendar 

days after the period of performance end date. Each report must summarize project activities, 

including the current stage of program implementation; progress towards achieving the outcome 

goals, including number of people served; significant milestones of the Awardee, intermediary, 

investors, if any, and evaluator; and related results of the project. It must thoroughly document 

the partnership activities and decision-making structure used to implement the pay for results 

model. These reports may be made publicly available. Upon award, Treasury or the 

administering federal agency will provide detailed formal guidance about the data and other 

information that is required to be collected and reported on either a regular basis or special 

request basis.

b. Evaluation Progress Reports

Not later than two years after a project has been approved and biannually thereafter, the 

independent evaluator must submit a written report to the head of the relevant federal agency and 

the Interagency Council summarizing the progress that has been made in achieving each 

outcome specified in the award agreement. Data in evaluation progress reports and final reports 

will be made available to all federal agencies represented on the Interagency Council, and data 

content requirements will be specified in the agreement between the grantee and the head of the 

relevant federal agency.

When an Awardee’s intervention has achieved one or more outcomes, pre-defined outcome 

target(s) have been met, and the grantee wishes to receive an outcome payment in accordance 

with the outcome payment structure originally proposed, the independent evaluator must submit 

to the head of the relevant federal agency and the Interagency Council a written report that 

includes the results of the evaluation conducted to determine whether an outcome payment must

be made. 

The report must include information on the unique factors that contributed to achieving or failing 

to achieve the outcome in the context of the intervention. This must include, but is not limited to, 

any major change in policy or law that may have affected the project intervention and the 

challenges faced in attempting to achieve the outcome. The report may also include information 

on what was learned during the evaluation including how to improve future service delivery or 

implementation. 

The report must also assess the degree to which the project was delivered as intended, including 

a discussion of how closely the project’s theory and intended procedures aligned with actual 
38

project implementation. The report must include information related to the intervention model, 

including whether it has evolved and whether the intervention was delivered with fidelity to the 

plan. The report should detail how staffing, recruitment/identification and screening of 

participants, selection, and enrollment were different from what was expected at the outset. 

The progress report must include an assessment by the independent evaluator of the value to the 

federal government as discussed and defined in Section A.5.a Federal Value for the SIPPRA 

Program. In calculating the value to the federal government of the completed outcome(s), the 

independent evaluator may only take into consideration the benefits from the BCA achieved as a 

result of the outcome(s).

The Interagency Council will submit these reports to Treasury and to each committee of 

jurisdiction in the House of Representatives and Senate within 30 days of receipt. 

c. Final Evaluation Report

Within six months of project completion, the independent evaluator must submit a final report to 

the head of the relevant federal agency and the Interagency Council. The report must assess the 

effects of the intervention and include a discussion of the findings and implications, as well as a 

definitive statement about whether the predetermined outcomes have been met and whether the 

State or local government has fulfilled each obligation of the agreement. This must include 

information on the unique factors that contributed to the achievement or failure to achieve 

outcomes, including but not limited to any major change in policy or law that may have affected 

the project intervention, a description of the research methods, e.g., randomization of treatment 

and control groups, if applicable, data, sample size and characteristics, measures, and other 

factors, as well as findings, including impacts – for exploratory and confirmatory, short and 

long-term, subgroup analyses, and other findings.

The report must also assess whether, and the degree to which, the project was delivered as 

intended. This must include a discussion of how closely the project’s theory and intended 

procedures aligned with actual project implementation. This portion of the report must include 

information related to the intervention model, including whether it has evolved and whether the 

intervention was delivered with fidelity; staffing; recruitment/identification and screening of 

participants; selection and enrollment; and how the intervention was implemented. The report 

must also discuss information regarding the improved future delivery of this or similar 

interventions.

The independent evaluator’s final report for a project must include an assessment of the value to 

the federal government as discussed and defined in in Section A.5.a Federal Value for the 

SIPPRA Program. In calculating the value to the federal government of the completed 

outcome(s), the independent evaluator may only take into consideration the benefits from the 

BCA. 

The Interagency Council will submit this final report to Treasury and to each committee of 

jurisdiction in the House of Representatives and Senate within 30 days of receipt. This report 

will be made publicly available.
39

G. Federal Awarding Agency Contact 

For further information about this NOFA, please contact Matthew Cook, SIPPRA Director, at 

SIPPRA@Treasury.gov. Applicants should e-mail all technical questions to 

SIPPRA@treasury.gov and must specifically reference NOFA/CFDA 21.017, and include a 

contact name and phone number. This NOFA is also available on Treasury’s SIPPRA Web site 

at https://www.treasury.gov/SIPPRA and at http://www.Grants.gov. 

H. Other Information

Treasury has determined that this NOFA imposes new information collection requirements 

subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. The information collection for the Project 

Narrative, Administrative Reporting, and Records Retention provisions contained in this NOFA 

has been approved under OMB control number 1505-0260. Other information requirements 

gathered via the SF-424 family of forms have already been approved under the following OMB 

control numbers: Information for Federal Assistance covered under 4040-0004, Budget 

Information for Non-Construction Programs covered under 4040-0006, Budget Information for 

Construction Programs covered under 4040-0008, Disclosure of Lobbying Activities covered 

under 4040-0013, Assurance for Non-Construction Programs covered under 4040-0007, 

Assurance for Construction Programs covered under 4040-0009 and Key Contacts, Project 

Abstract and Project/Performance Site Location covered under 4040-0010. 
40

I. Appendix I: Example of Outcome Valuation Process

This example is meant to be a guide to the process of outcome valuation, not a specific 

recommendation of how to account for the costs and benefits of particular types of interventions. 

A city is setting up a program with the hopes of reducing property and violent crimes by building 

in time in the work schedules of police officers to build relationships with members of the 

community. This city is divided into 100 police precincts, half of which are randomly assigned to 

participate in the program. The program will run for 10 years. For each of the 50 participating

precincts, the per year cost of the program is $50,000 in 2023 dollars. The expectation is that 

participation in the program will result in five fewer violent crimes and 40 fewer property crimes 

each year. For the sake of simplicity, it is assumed that the program’s effects are constant over 

time, and end immediately after ten years. Applying these estimates to average crime rates over 

the previous 10 years yields the estimates presented in the table below. 

Year 

1

Year 

2

Year 

3

Year 

4

Year 

5

Year 

6

Year 

7

Year 

8

Year 

9

Year 

10

Property Crime 

Reduction 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40

Violent Crime 

Reduction 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

Step 1- Demonstrate savings to the federal, State, or local government

The program will incur additional outlays in the form of program costs but will lower outlays on 

criminal justice costs. The net result is a reduction in outlays. The program will cost $50,000 

each year. Reduced criminal activity results in lower costs to the city from criminal justice 

activity from reduced arrests and police costs, court costs, and the costs of incarceration. 

Drawing from Autor et al. (2017), the cost of criminal justice activity of each property crime is 

assumed to be $2,781 and the cost of each violent crime is assumed to be $19,519.59 It is 

assumed that there will be 40 fewer property crimes and 5 fewer violent crimes each year. Thus, 

the total savings are 10*(2,781*40 + 19,519*5 – 50,000)= $1,588,350.00. 

Step 2- Assess costs and benefits from the intervention’s effect on the target population for each 

time period

59 Autor, David H., Christopher J. Palmer, and Parag A. Pathak. Gentrification and the amenity value of crime 

reductions: Evidence from rent deregulation. No. w23914. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2017.

https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w23914/w23914.pdf. 

Federal Savings $ (500,000.00)

State & Local Savings $ 2,088,350.00

Total Savings $ 1,588,350.00

Savings Breakdown
41

The distribution of property and violent crimes in the hypothetical city in this example are 

assumed to be the same as Cambridge, Massachusetts from 1992-2005, making a direct 

application of estimates from Table A2 of Autor et al. (2017) possible.60 There are two 

categories of benefits (prevented criminal costs) that accrue to the target population. The first is 

the benefit of reduced “victimization costs,”—i.e., the monetary value of the disutility of being a 

victim of a crime. Based on estimates from Cohen and Piquero (2009), the victimization cost of a 

violent crime is $66,923 (in 2023 dollars) and the cost of a property crime is $1,830 (in 2023 

dollars).61 The second benefit is the reduced “offender productivity costs,” i.e., the opportunity 

costs resulting from incarceration. These are approximated using lost wages. For violent crimes, 

the reduced offender productivity costs are $9,644 per crime and for property crimes, the reduced 

offender productivity costs are $1,149 per crime. 

There are both costs and benefits that accrue to taxpayers as a result of the intervention. First, the 

program will cost $50,000 each year. Second, reduced criminal activity results in lower costs to 

the city from criminal justice activity. As stated above, drawing from Autor et al. (2017), the cost 

of criminal justice activity of each property crime is assumed to be $2,781 and the cost of each 

violent crime is assumed to be $19,519. These figures are all multiplied by 1.25, the Marginal 

Cost of Public Funds used in SIPPRA. 

Step 3- Assess external costs and benefits 

Crime imposes external costs on the community beyond the costs imposed on those directly 

affected. In other words, even if you are not directly the victim of a crime, there is still disutility 

from living in an area where others are victimized. However, there is little revealed-preferencebased evidence on the willingness to pay to reduce criminal activity to prevent the disutility of 

crimes being committed against others. Thus, for this example, it is assumed that the external 

costs and benefits (other than criminal justice costs assessed in Step 3) are zero. 

Step 4- Sum costs and benefits by time period 

The table below gives the yearly costs ($50,000 to run the program) and the benefits 

(victimization cost reduction, productivity cost reduction, and criminal justice cost reduction) of 

the program. 

60 Autor, David H., Christopher J. Palmer, and Parag A. Pathak. Gentrification and the amenity value of crime 

reductions: Evidence from rent deregulation. No. w23914. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2017.

https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w23914/w23914.pdf. These estimates are themselves based on 

Cohen, Mark A., and Alex R. Piquero. "New evidence on the monetary value of saving a high risk youth." Journal 

of Quantitative Criminology 25 (2009): 25-49. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10940-008-9057-3. 61 All 2008 cost estimates are adjusted using CPI-U for all urban consumers. These cost estimates are based on a 

weighted average of the various crimes which constitute the category. The distribution of property and violent 

crimes in the hypothetical city in this example are assumed to be the same as Cambridge, Massachusetts, making a 

direct application of estimates from Table A2 of Autor et al. (2017) possible.
42

Step 5 Appropriately account for inflation and sum across time periods

Finally, all dollars are put in constant (year 10) dollars assuming inflation grows at the rate set 

out in the FY 2024 Mid-Session Review of the Budget of the U.S. Government. Year 1 is 2024, 

and this example runs through 2033. 

This analysis shows a positive net benefit of $7,776,755.59, which is the outcome payment cap 

for this intervention. The benefit-cost ratio is 12.2. 

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Formula

Victimization Cost $ 73,200.00 $ 73,200.00 $ 73,200.00 $ 73,200.00 $ 73,200.00 $ 73,200.00 $ 73,200.00 $ 73,200.00 $ 73,200.00 $ 73,200.00 $1,830X40

Productivity Cost $ 45,960.00 $ 45,960.00 $ 45,960.00 $ 45,960.00 $ 45,960.00 $ 45,960.00 $ 45,960.00 $ 45,960.00 $ 45,960.00 $ 45,960.00 $1,149X40

Criminal Justice $ 139,050.00 $ 139,050.00 $ 139,050.00 $ 139,050.00 $ 139,050.00 $ 139,050.00 $ 139,050.00 $ 139,050.00 $ 139,050.00 $ 139,050.00 $2,781X1.25X40

Victimization Cost $ 334,615.00 $ 334,615.00 $ 334,615.00 $ 334,615.00 $ 334,615.00 $ 334,615.00 $ 334,615.00 $ 334,615.00 $ 334,615.00 $ 334,615.00 $66,923X5

Productivity Cost $ 48,220.00 $ 48,220.00 $ 48,220.00 $ 48,220.00 $ 48,220.00 $ 48,220.00 $ 48,220.00 $ 48,220.00 $ 48,220.00 $ 48,220.00 $9,644X5

Criminal Justice $ 121,993.75 $ 121,993.75 $ 121,993.75 $ 121,993.75 $ 121,993.75 $ 121,993.75 $ 121,993.75 $ 121,993.75 $ 121,993.75 $ 121,993.75 $19,519X1.25X5

$ 62,500.00 $ 62,500.00 $ 62,500.00 $ 62,500.00 $ 62,500.00 $ 62,500.00 $ 62,500.00 $ 62,500.00 $ 62,500.00 $ 62,500.00 $50,000X1.25

$ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75

Marginal Cost/Benefit

Property Crime 

Reduction

Violent Crime 

Reduction

Direct Cost

Total Net Benefits

Benefits

Costs

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Total

Net Benefits $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 700,538.75 $ 7,005,387.50

Net Benefits in 

Year 10 Dollars $ 859,632.58 $ 840,305.55 $ 821,413.05 $ 802,945.31 $ 784,892.78 $ 767,246.11 $ 749,996.20 $ 733,134.12 $ 716,651.14 $ 700,538.75 $ 7,776,755.59
43

J. Appendix II: Integration of Managed Care Information/Data 

For applicants who plan to use savings from Medicaid or CHIP: Integration of Managed Care 

Information/Data 

Treasury anticipates that applicants may have projects affecting individuals who receive 

managed care services from Medicaid or CHIP. To ensure that the calculations of benefits from 

reduced health care spending in these contexts properly demonstrate that those benefits accrue to 

the federal government or other public payers rather than to managed care organizations, 

applicants proposing projects that include a managed health care component must include a 

section in their application entitled “Managed Health Care Information.” This section must 

include, at a minimum, answers to the following questions, as applicable: 

• To what degree will participants in the intervention be covered by comprehensive, riskbased managed care during the period of the demonstration? 

• For intervention participants covered by a managed care organization, how would savings 

accrue to the federal government rather than the entity taking on risk? 

• What services, if any, will be carved out of managed care for this population? 

• If multiple capitation rates are used, which rate cells (by eligibility group or other 

category) will be used for the SIPPRA program project participants? 

• With what frequency will capitation rates for the population covered by comprehensive, 

risk-based managed care be redetermined during the period of the SIPPRA program 

project?

• How would this intervention lead to reduced capitation rates? 

• While the level of impact cost and utilization data will have on a capitation rate will vary, 

if the anticipated intervention effect is small and/or the population impacted by the 

intervention makes up a relatively small proportion of the rate cell (or grouping of 

Medicaid beneficiaries with similar characteristics for the purposes of determining a 

capitation rate), it may be unlikely that the effect will be large enough to change the 

capitation rate, even if the cost and utilization reductions occur. Is the impact of the 

intervention effect (or impacted population size) meaningful relative to size of the 

managed care program? 

• For the population covered by managed care, what proportion of individuals covered 

under the relevant rate cell(s) are participants in the intervention?

• Is the proportion sufficient to trigger changes in the capitation rate under current 

procedures? If not, please be specific about how you will work with your State Medicaid 

Agency to ensure cost and utilization changes among this population due to the 

intervention are captured and incorporated into adjustments to the capitation rate.

• Please clarify if you will have access to robust historical (e.g., at least 2 years) data to 

ensure that the comparison group is matched as well as possible to the actual cost or 

claims data to accurately assess federal savings through the evaluation. 

• Please note that lags in realization of governmental savings in managed care contexts, 

relative to those in Fee for Service contexts, will not preclude consideration so long as the 

savings are realized within the ten-year time period and the BCA procedures discussed 

above are followed.
44

K. Appendix III: Benefit-Cost Analysis Tools 

The value that individuals place on policies, goods, or other actions can be difficult to assess as 

changes in the welfare of individuals cannot be directly observed. Therefore, the BCA analyst 

must rely on individuals revealing their preferences through the choices they make. For example, 

if a person chooses to purchase car A over (equally priced) car B, it is reasonable to assume they 

prefer car A over car B. If a person chooses to not pursue further education when they are able to 

do so, it is reasonable to assume that they believe the costs of the next period of education 

exceed the benefits. 

BCA should rely on revealed preference, either within the target population, or based on careful 

research in other contexts. When possible, stated preference (for example, surveys of how much 

an individual values a particular good or service) should be avoided in arriving at any of the core 

assumptions of the BCA. 

Two examples of tools that high-quality studies employ are: 1) “willingness-to-pay,” a measure 

of the maximum amount individuals are willing to spend to obtain a given benefit; and 2) 

“willingness-to-accept,” the minimum amount individuals are willing to accept to relinquish or 

forego a given benefit. Market prices provide a valuable starting point for measuring willingnessto-pay and willingness-to-accept, but they can also be estimated through revealed preference or 

other methods. 

Revealed preference methods have the benefit of being based on observable behavior often 

involving market transactions. These methods can be particularly useful to establish values of 

certain benefits and costs that are reflected in observable tradeoffs that people actually make. For 

example, it is possible to ascertain willingness to pay by observing how much an individual 

purchases at different prices. Cohen et al. (2016) use a rich data set on Uber rides (a ride sharing 

app) to assess individuals’ willingness to pay for a ride by observing whether they go through 

with the purchase after observing the price. While such detailed data are rarely available in other 

contexts, willingness-to-pay calculations can often be made even for outcomes that are never 

directly priced, such as the value of a statistical life (VSL).62 Another example is an intervention 

may try to reduce teenage overdoses through an education program. The primary benefit of such 

a program would be reduced mortality, and thus the applicant would use existing estimates of the 

VSL to multiply by the estimated number of lives saved. Existing estimates of the VSL are often 

calculated by observing how much people are willing to spend to reduce their risk of death in 

certain contexts. For example, some studies use the additional amount that a firm must pay its 

employees to induce them to work a relatively riskier job (a compensating differential) to 

estimate the VSL. Other studies use willingness to pay for car features that will reduce the 

probability of death in certain types of accidents but cost more than equivalent cars without these 

features. For further guidance on using VSL estimates in BCA, consult the March 2021 

Department of Transportation Guidance, March 2021.63 BCA may rely on revealed preference, 

62 Cohen, Peter, Robert Hahn, Jonathan Hall, Steven Levitt, and Robert Metcalfe. Using big data to estimate 

consumer surplus: The case of uber. No. w22627. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2016.

https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w22627/w22627.pdf. 63 Department of Transportation, Treatment of the Value of Preventing Fatalities and Injuries in Preparing Economic 

Analyses, 2021. https://www.transportation.gov/sites/dot.gov/files/2021-03/DOT%20VSL%20Guidance%20-

%202021%20Update.pdf. 
45

either within the target population, or based on careful research in other contexts.