# Execution of

Comprehensive

Performance Test using

Particulate, HCl and

Metals Continuous

Emissions Monitoring

Systems

**Keith Beach, P.E.**

**Evonik Degussa Corporation**



# Thomas **G. Busmann P.E.**

**Chris E. McBride, P.E.**

**Focus Environmental Inc.** 

# Richard H Lambert.

**Eli Lilly a**  **nd Company**



# Krag Petterson

**Cooper Environmental Services**

# | 

# Presentation Overview

History of CEMs Development

CPT Plan and Objectives

CEM Calibrations

CPT Performance Test Results

Conclusions

# | 

# Sigrist Photometer and Cooper Environmental Services Xact

Multimetals CEM installed in 2004

Use as Indicators of Compliance

Required Alternative Monitoring Petition

• Used in conjunction HCL CEMS

• Use of PM, metals, and HCL CEMS in lieu of operational limits

• Regulatory process of AMP approval LONG but successful

• Required major modification to Ti tle V Permit after EP A approval PM and MetalsCEMS utilized at Tippecanoe

Laboratories’

Rotary Kiln Incinerator for 

# six years

# | 

# Sigrist PM CEM

# | 

# Dual

- beam, compensated,

forward

- light attenuation.

Analytes measured in

unaltered stack gas.

Sampling is super

- isokinetic.

Va lidation using Method 5/5i 

# Sigrist CTNR **CEMS for PM**

# | 

# Modeled on EP **A’ s proposed** 

**Pe rfor**  **mance Specifica**  **tion 10** 

**Produces values e**  **ve ry**  **15 minutes**

**for 25 elements of interest**  

# Xact **Multi**

**- Metals CEM** 

Dilution/Dopant

Module

Sampling System Tape

Control

Module

Control

System Analysis System Extraction

System

# | 

# EXTRACTION **MODULE**

**Remov es**  **representativ e**  **sample from the**

**stack gas**

**Heats and transports sample to stilling**

**chamber**

**Stilling chamber slow s**  **dow n**  **sample**

**enabling isokinetic sampling** 

# Sig **rist**

**Ring Pipe**

# | 

# Xact ANALYSIS **MODULE**

# | 

# CPT Plan and Objectives

Objectives

Demonstrate compliance with applicable HWC MACT

emission limits and operating standards

Establish incineration system operating limits to ensure

continuing compliance with the HWC MACT emissions

and operating standards.

Plan

Conduct the CPT to achieve the same Operating Permit

Limits as were achieved in the September 2005 CPT

test.

# Performance

**Evaluation**

**Testing for CEMs**  **1**

**1. Sigrist Particulate**  **CEM**

**Cooper Environmental Services**  **Xact CEM**

# | 

# Requirements **for Calibration Correlation**

**for PM CEMS**

Acquire PM data at minimum of three separate levels through

measurement range

Minimum of 12 separate data points

Dual train M5/5i recommended

Correlation of PM CEMS response to reference method values

• Statistics for use of dual train reference method data

• Statistics for calibration correlation

• To lerance interval

• Confidence interval

• Correlation Coef

ficient

• Highest data point acquired during testing is upper limit for use of PM

CEMS for compliance

# | 

# 2010 ACA **Results for the Sigrist**

0 5 10 15 20Method5(mg/scm)



# 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Sigrist (PLA)

Linear Fit

Method 5 (mg/scm) = 1.2031621 + 35.764502*Sigrist (PLA)

RSquare

RSquare Adj

Root Mean Square Error

Mean of Response

Observations (or Sum Wgts) 0.976932

0.975779

0.958086

9.171818

22 

# Summary

**of Fit**

Model

Error

C. Total **Source**

1

20

21 **DF**

777.50316

18.35857

795.86173 **Sum of**

**Squares**

777.503

0.918 **Mean Square**

847.0193

**F Ratio**

<.0001 * **Prob > F** 

# An **aly sis of Variance** 

Intercept

Sigrist (PLA) **Term**

1.2031621

35.764502 **Estimate**

0.341602

1.228869 **Std Error**

3.52

29.10 **t Ratio**

0.0021 *

<.0001 * **Prob>|t|** 

# Parameter Estimates **Linear Fit Bivariate Fit of Method 5 (mg/scm) By**  **Sigrist (PLA**

**) Year=2010**

# | -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35Method5(mg/scm)



# 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Sigrist (PLA)

Linear Fit Year=="2006"

Linear Fit Year=="2007"

Linear Fit Year=="2009"

Linear Fit Year=="2010"

Linear Fit Year=="Existing"

Linear Fit 

# Bivariate Fit of Method 5 (mg/scm) By Sigrist (PLA **)** 

# Dashed line is existing equation in Delta V

Orange line is 2010 data 

# Summary of Sigrist RCAs: 2006 to 2010

# | 

# Requirements **for Calibration Correlation**

**for Xact Multi metal CEM** 



# The Quantitative Aerosol Generator (QAG) is a validated dynamic spiking technique used to calibrate and audit the

Xact multi

- metals CEMS

• Va lidated with M301 for quantitative generation of reference metal aerosols

• Used to calibrate and audit Xact Multi

- Metals CEMS

• Generates up to 2000 microgram concentrations of MACT metal aerosols

• Uses nebuliz ation of stock solution with droplet siz e control to provide quantitative metal aerosols

# | 

# Pl **ot te**  **d Li**  **near Re**  **gr essi**  **on fo**  **r C hr**  **om iu**  **m**

y = 0 .9 747x + 3 .7 603

R 2 

# = 0 .9 96

0 50 100 150 200

0. 00 50. 00 100. 00 150. 00 200. 00

**Re fe**  **re nce**  **C onc**  **en tra**  **ti on**  **(μ g/**  **ds cm**  **) X** **a c** **t C** **o n** **c e** **n t** **r a** **t i** **o n** **( μ** **g /** **d s** **c m** **)** 

# Pl **ot te**  **d Li**  **near Re**  **gr essi**  **on fo**  **r Ar**  **seni c** 

y = 1 .0 611x + 1 .6 166

R 2 

# = 0 .9 95

0 50 100 150 200 250

0 50 100 150 200

**Re fe**  **re nce**  **C once**  **nt ra**  **ti on**  **(μ g/**  **ds cm**  **) X** **a c** **t C** **o n** **c e** **n t** **r a** **t i** **o n** **( μ** **g /** **d s** **c m** **)** 

# Pl **ot te**  **d Li**  **near R**  **egr essi**  **on fo**  **r C adm**  **iu m** 

y = 1 .1 066x + 2 .9 945

R 2 

# = 0 .9 912

0 50 100 150 200 250

0. 00 50. 00 100. 00 150. 00 200. 00

**Re fe**  **re nce**  **C once**  **nt ra**  **ti on (**  **μg /ds**  **cm )** **X a** **c t** **C o** **n c** **e n** **t r** **a t** **i o** **n (** **μ g** **/ d** **s c** **m )** 



# Pl **ot ted**  **L in**  **ear**

**R egressi**  **on fo**  **r Me rc**  **ury**

y = 1 .0 219x + 1 .8 43

R 2 

# = 0 .9 941

0 50 100 150 200

0 50 100 150 200

**Re fe**  **re nce**  **C once**  **nt ra**  **ti on**  **(μ g/**  **ds cm**  **) X** **a c** **t C** **o n** **c e** **n t** **r a** **t i** **o n** **( μ** **g /** **d s** **c m** **)** 

# Pl **ot te**  **d Li**  **near R**  **egressi on**  **fo r L**  **ead**

y = 1 .0 387x + 2 .2 754

R 2 

# = 0 .9 948

0. 00 50. 00 100. 00 150. 00 200. 00 250. 00

0.00 50. 00 100. 00 150. 00 200. 00

**Re fe**  **re nc**  **e Co**  **nce ntra**  **ti on**  **(μg /ds**  **cm )** **X a** **c t** **C o** **n c** **e n** **t r** **a t** **i o** **n (** **μ g** **/ d** **s c** **m )**  

# Metals RCA Results

- 2010

# CPT Performance

**Test Results** 

# | 

# Particulate **Results**

**1 minute average**

20 30 40Particulatemass1-minute-PMmg/dscm(1-minuteuncompressed)28Sep201010:21:45AM28Sep201011:13:45AM28Sep201012:05:45PM28Sep201012:57:45PM29Sep20108:03:45AM29Sep20108:55:45AM29Sep20109:47:45AM29Sep201010:39:45AM29Sep201011:31:45AM29Sep20102:16:45PM29Sep20103:08:45PM29Sep20104:00:45PM29Sep20104:52:45PM29Sep20106:05:45PM



# Sigrist 1 min time 

# Levey **Jennings of Particulate mass 1-minute - PM mg/dscm (1-minute uncompressed)**

# | 

# 20

25 30 35Particulatemass15-minuteblockaveragemg/dscm@7%O2(15-minuteuncompressed) 

# 1 2 309/28/201010:30AM09/28/201011:30AM09/28/201012:30PM09/28/20101:30PM09/29/20108:45AM09/29/20109:45AM09/29/201010:45AM09/29/201011:45AM09/29/20102:30PM09/29/20103:30PM09/29/20104:30PM09/29/20105:30PM09/29/20106:30PM



# MACT Metals 15 Minute data sam ple end

date/tim e (triggered and uncom pressed) 

# Individual Measurement of Particulate mass 15-minute block average mg/dscm @ 7% **O2 (15-minute uncompressed)** 

# Particulate **Results**

**15 minute average** 

# | 

# -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35MACTMetals-Hgug/dscm@7%O2(triggeredanduncompressed) 

# 1 2 3 3after09/28/201011:45AM09/29/20108:30AM09/29/201011:00AM09/29/20103:15PM09/29/20105:45PM



# MACT Metals 15 Minute data sample end

date/time (triggered and uncompressed) 

# Levey Jennings of MA **CT Metals - Hg ug/dscm @ 7% O2 (triggered and uncompressed)**  

# Mercury **Result 15**  **minute average** 

# | 

# -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14MACTMetals-LVMug/dscm@7%O2(triggeredanduncompressed) 

# 1 2 3 3after09/28/201011:45AM09/29/20108:30AM09/29/201011:00AM09/29/20103:15PM09/29/20105:45PM



# MACT Metals 15 Minute data sample end

date/time (triggered and uncompressed) 

# Levey Jennings of MA **CT Metals - LVM ug/dscm @ 7% O2 (triggered and uncompressed)**  

# LVM Result **15 minute average** 

**Method 29 Beryllium results w ere non detect (<0.10 ug/dscm @7%O2)** 

# | 

# -40

-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70MACTMetals-SVMug/dscm@7%O2(triggeredanduncompressed) 

# 1 2 3 3after09/28/201011:45AM09/29/20108:30AM09/29/201011:00AM09/29/20103:15PM09/29/20105:45PM



# MACT Metals 15 Minute data sample end

date/time (triggered and uncompressed) 

# Levey **Jennings of M AC**  **T Me**  **tals - SVM ug/dscm @ 7%**  **O2 (triggered and uncompressed)** 

# SVM Result **15 minute average** 

# | 

# Metals SRE comparision

Metal 2010 (CEMs) 2005 (Method 29)

To tal L VM 99.998% 99.998%

Pumpable LV M 99.93% 99.85%

SVM 99.83% 99.74%

Hg 45.70% 17.6%

# | 

# Summary

• Specific conclusions drawn from the 2010 CPT are as follows:

• PM emission standard was met. A maximum ash feed rate limit can be appropriately

developed from the T149 CPT results.

• Metal emission standards were met for Hg, SVM, and LVM. Maximum metal feed rates can

be reliably and appropriately determined using the T149 CPT results.

• Stack gas HCl/Cl2 emission standard was met. A maximum total chlorine feed rate limit can

be appropriately established from the T149 CPT results.

• Use of CEMs is a viable approach for CPT compliance demonstration.

• For certain incineration facility, a number of benefits can be realized through use of CEMs for

demonstration of compliance for emissions:

• Improved safety, improved operation efficiency, and economic advantages for waste

characterization

• Operational flexibility for the incineration system

• Optimization of the establishment of operating parameter limits during the performance of

the CPT.