CONSENT DECREE 1 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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IGNACIA S. MORENO

Assistant Attorney General

Environment & Natural Resources Division

ROCHELLE L. RUSSELL (Cal. Bar No. 244992)

Attorney, U.S. Department of Justice

Environmental Defense Section

301 Howard Street, Suite 1050

San Francisco, CA 94105

Tel: (415) 744-6566; Fax: (415) 744-6476

Email: rochelle.russell@usdoj.gov

Attorneys for Defendant Lisa P. Jackson, Administrator of EPA

EMMA C. CHEUSE (Appearing Pro Hac Vice, D.C. Bar No. 488201 )

JAMES S. PEW (Appearing Pro Hac Vice, D.C. Bar No. 448830)

Earthjustice

1625 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Suite 702 

Washington, D.C. 20036 

Tel: (202) 667-4500; Fax: (202) 667-2356

Email: echeuse@earthjustice.org

Email: jpew@earthjustice.org

SARAH H. BURT (Cal. Bar No. 250378)

Earthjustice

426 17th Street, 6th Floor

Oakland, CA 94612

Tel: (510) 550-6700

Email: sburt@earthjustice.org

Attorneys for Plaintiff Sierra Club

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

OAKLAND DIVISION

SIERRA CLUB, 

Plaintiff,

v.

LISA P. JACKSON, Administrator, United

States Environmental Protection Agency, in her 

official capacity,

Defendant.

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Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

CONSENT DECREE
CONSENT DECREE 2 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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WHEREAS, on January 13, 2009, Plaintiff Sierra Club filed the above-captioned matter 

against Lisa P. Jackson, in her official capacity as Administrator of the United States 

Environmental Protection Agency (hereinafter “EPA” or “Defendant”);1/

WHEREAS, Plaintiff alleges that EPA failed to perform its obligations under Clean Air 

Act (“CAA”) section 112(d)(6), 42 U.S.C. § 7412(d)(6), to “review, and revise as necessary 

(taking into account developments in practices, processes, and control technologies)” the section 

112(d) emission standards identified in Paragraph 1 of the Complaint within 8 years of the 

promulgation of such standards, see Compl. ¶¶ 1, 26 (Dkt. No. 1);

WHEREAS, Plaintiff alleges that for each source category identified in the Complaint, 

EPA failed to perform its obligations under CAA section 112(f)(2), 42 U.S.C. § 7412(f)(2),

within 8 years of the promulgation of the section 112(d) emission standards identified in 

Paragraph 1 of the Complaint, to “promulgate standards [under section 112(f)(2)] for such 

category or subcategory if promulgation of such standards is required in order to provide an 

ample margin of safety to protect public health . . . or to prevent, taking into consideration costs, 

energy, safety, and other relevant factors, an adverse environmental effect,” see Compl. ¶¶ 1, 27;

WHEREAS, the Complaint identifies 28 source categories for which EPA has allegedly 

failed to complete its CAA section 112(d)(6) and (f)(2) obligations, see Compl. ¶¶ 1, 13;

WHEREAS, the emission standards for these 28 source categories are set forth in 27 

different National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (“NESHAP”), which are 

listed in the Complaint by the relevant Federal Register notice, and include the following, see

Compl. ¶¶ 1, 13:

(1) Marine Tank Vessel Loading Operations, 60 Fed. Reg. 48,388 (Sept. 19, 1995) (40 

C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. Y), Compl. ¶ 13(6);

(2) Pharmaceuticals Production, 63 Fed. Reg. 50,280 (Sept. 21, 1998) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 

subpt. GGG), Compl. ¶ 13(10);

 

1/ Lisa P. Jackson has been substituted for Stephen L. Johnson as Defendant in this matter 

pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 25(d).
CONSENT DECREE 3 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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(3) Printing and Publishing Industry, 61 Fed. Reg. 27,132 (May 30, 1996) (40 C.F.R. pt. 

63 subpt. KK), Compl. ¶ 13(19);

(4) Hard and Decorative Chromium Electroplating and Chromium Anodizing Tanks, 60 

Fed. Reg. 4,948 (Jan. 25, 1995) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. N), Compl. ¶ 13(2);

(5) Steel Pickling – HCl Process Facilities and Hydrochloric Acid Regeneration Plants, 

64 Fed. Reg. 33,202 (June 22, 1999) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. CCC), Compl. ¶ 13(24);

(6) Group I Polymers and Resins, 61 Fed. Reg. 46,906 (Sept. 5, 1996) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 

subpt. U), Compl. ¶ 13(13);

(7) Shipbuilding and Ship Repair (Surface Coating) Operations, 60 Fed. Reg. 64,330 

(Dec. 15, 1995) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. II), Compl. ¶ 13(23);

(8) Wood Furniture Manufacturing Operations, 60 Fed. Reg. 62,930 (Dec. 7, 1995) (40 

C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. JJ), Compl. ¶ 13(25);

(9) Primary Lead Smelting, 64 Fed. Reg. 30,194 (June 4, 1999) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. 

TTT), Compl. ¶ 13(18);

(10) Secondary Lead Smelting, 60 Fed. Reg. 32,587 (June 23, 1995) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 

subpt. X), Compl. ¶ 13(22);

(11) Pulp and Paper Production Industry, 63 Fed. Reg. 18,504 (Apr. 15, 1998) (40 C.F.R. 

pt. 63 subpt. S), Compl. ¶ 13(20);

(12) Aerospace Manufacturing and Rework Facilities, 60 Fed. Reg. 45,948 (Sept. 1, 

1995) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. GG), Compl. ¶ 13(1);

(13) Mineral Wool Production, 64 Fed. Reg. 29,490 (June 1, 1999) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 

subpt. DDD), Compl. ¶ 13(7);

(14) Primary Aluminum Reduction Plants, 62 Fed. Reg. 52,384 (Oct. 7, 1997) (40 C.F.R. 

pt. 63 subpt. LL), Compl. ¶ 13(17);

(15) Ferroalloys Production: Ferromanganese and Silicomanganese, 64 Fed. Reg. 27,450 

(May 20, 1999) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. XXX), Compl. ¶ 13(3);

(16) Wool Fiberglass Manufacturing, 64 Fed. Reg. 31,695 (June 14, 1999) (40 C.F.R. pt. 

63 subpt. NNN), Compl. ¶ 13(26);
CONSENT DECREE 4 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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(17) Secondary Aluminum Production, 65 Fed. Reg. 15,690 (Mar. 23, 2000) (40 C.F.R. 

pt. 63 subpt. RRR), Compl. ¶ 13(21);

(18) Pesticide Active Ingredient Production, 64 Fed. Reg. 33,550 (June 23, 1999) (40 

C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. MMM), Compl. ¶ 13(9);

(19) Polyether Polyols Production, 64 Fed. Reg. 29,420 (June 1, 1999) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 

subpt. PPP), Compl. ¶ 13(12);

(20) Group IV Polymers and Resins, 61 Fed. Reg. 48,208 (Sept. 12, 1996) (40 C.F.R. pt. 

63 subpt. JJJ), Compl. ¶ 13(15);

(21) Flexible Polyurethane Foam Production, 63 Fed. Reg. 53,980 (Oct. 7, 1998) (40 

C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. III), Compl. ¶ 13(4);

(22) Generic MACT- Acrylic and Modacrylic Fibers Production, 64 Fed. Reg. 34,854 

(June 29, 1999) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. YY), Compl. ¶ 13(5);

(23) Generic MACT- Polycarbonate Production, 64 Fed. Reg. 34,854 (June 29, 1999) (40 

C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. YY), Compl. ¶ 13(5);

(24) Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations, 61 Fed. Reg. 34,140 (July 1, 1996) (40 

C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. DD), Compl. ¶ 13(8);

(25) Phosphoric Acid Manufacturing, 64 Fed. Reg. 31,358 (June 10, 1999) (40 C.F.R. pt. 

63 subpt. AA), Compl. ¶ 13(11);

(26) Phosphate Fertilizers Production Plants, 64 Fed. Reg. 31,358 (June 10, 1999) (40 

C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. BB), Compl. ¶ 13(11);

(27) Group III Polymers and Resins–Manufacture of Amino/Phenolic Resins, 65 Fed. 

Reg. 3,276 (Jan. 20, 2000) (40 C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. OOO), Compl. ¶ 13(14);

(28) Portland Cement Manufacturing Industry, 64 Fed. Reg. 31,898 (June 14, 1999) (40 

C.F.R. pt. 63 subpt. LLL), Compl. ¶ 13(16).2

 

2

/ The emission standards for the source categories identified in items 22-23 and 25-26 were 

addressed in the same Federal Register notices, 64 Fed. Reg. 34,854 (June 29, 1999) and 64 Fed. 

Reg. 31,358 (June 10, 1999), respectively, and thus were addressed in the same paragraphs of the 

Complaint, as cited above. For clarity, this Consent Decree identifies each source category by 

separate paragraph.

/
CONSENT DECREE 5 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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WHEREAS, the relief requested in the Complaint includes, among other things, an order 

from this Court to establish a date certain by which EPA must fulfill each of its listed obligations 

for each of the source categories listed herein;

WHEREAS, EPA has not taken final action pursuant to CAA sections 112(d)(6) or 

112(f)(2) with respect to the source categories identified in the Complaint, see EPA Answer ¶ 13 

(Dkt. No. 43);

WHEREAS, Plaintiff and EPA have agreed to a settlement of this action without 

admission of any issue of fact or law, except as expressly provided herein;

WHEREAS, Plaintiff and EPA, by entering into this Consent Decree, do not waive or 

limit any claim, remedy, or defense, on any grounds, related to any final EPA action;

WHEREAS, Plaintiff and EPA consider this Consent Decree to be an adequate and 

equitable resolution of all the claims in this matter and therefore wish to effectuate a settlement;

WHEREAS, it is in the interest of the public, Plaintiff Sierra Club, Defendant EPA, and 

judicial economy to resolve this matter without protracted litigation;

WHEREAS, Plaintiff and EPA agree that this Court has jurisdiction over this matter 

pursuant to the citizen suit provision in CAA section 304(a)(2), 42 U.S.C. § 7604(a)(2), and that 

venue is proper in the Northern District of California pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1391(e) and N.D.

Cal. Civ. Local Rule 3-2(c)-(d);

WHEREAS, the Court, by entering this Consent Decree, finds that the Consent Decree is 

fair, reasonable, in the public interest, and consistent with the Clean Air Act;

NOW THEREFORE, before the taking of testimony, without trial or determination of 

any issues of fact or law, and upon the consent of Plaintiff Sierra Club and Defendant EPA, it is 

hereby ordered, adjudged and decreed that:

1. For the Marine Tank Vessel Loading Operations source category, the EPA 

Administrator shall:

(a) no later than September 14, 2010, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart Y 

(“NESHAP subpart Y”) under CAA section 112(d)(6), 42 U.S.C. § 7412(d)(6), or 
CONSENT DECREE 6 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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sign a proposed determination that revision of NESHAP subpart Y is not 

necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2), 42 U.S.C. § 7412(f)(2), or sign a proposed 

determination that promulgation of such standards is not required under CAA 

section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than March 31, 2011,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart Y under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

Y is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

2. For the Pharmaceuticals Production source category, the EPA Administrator shall:

(a) no later than September 14, 2010, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart GGG

(“NESHAP subpart GGG”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart GGG is not necessary under 

CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than March 31, 2011,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart GGG under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

GGG is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and
CONSENT DECREE 7 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

3. For the Printing and Publishing Industry source category, the EPA Administrator 

shall:

(a) no later than September 14, 2010, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart KK 

(“NESHAP subpart KK”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart KK is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than March 31, 2011,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart KK under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

KK is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

4. For the Hard and Decorative Chromium Electroplating and Chromium Anodizing 

Tanks source category, the EPA Administrator shall:

(a) no later than September 14, 2010, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart N 

(“NESHAP subpart N”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart N is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and
CONSENT DECREE 8 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than June 30, 2011,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart N under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

N is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

5. For the Steel Pickling–HCl Process Facilities and Hydrochloric Acid Regeneration 

Plants source category, the EPA Administrator shall:

(a) no later than September 14, 2010, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart CCC

(“NESHAP subpart CCC”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart CCC is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than June 30, 2011,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart CCC under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

CCC is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

6. For the Group I Polymers and Resins source category, the EPA Administrator shall:
CONSENT DECREE 9 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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(a) no later than September 14, 2010, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart U 

(“NESHAP subpart U”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart U is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than June 30, 2011,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart U under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

U is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

7. For the Shipbuilding and Ship Repair (Surface Coating) Operations source category, 

the EPA Administrator shall:

(a) no later than October 29, 2010, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart II 

(“NESHAP subpart II”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart II is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than October 31, 2011,
CONSENT DECREE 10 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart II under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

II is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

8. For the Wood Furniture Manufacturing Operations source category, the EPA 

Administrator shall:

(a) no later than October 29, 2010, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart JJ 

(“NESHAP subpart JJ”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart JJ is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than October 31, 2011,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart JJ under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

JJ is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

9. For the Primary Lead Smelting source category, the EPA Administrator shall:

(a) no later than January 31, 2011, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart TTT 

(“NESHAP subpart TTT”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 
CONSENT DECREE 11 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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determination that revision of NESHAP subpart TTT is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than October 31, 2011,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart TTT under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

TTT is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2).

10. For the Secondary Lead Smelting source category, the EPA Administrator shall:

(a) no later than April 29, 2011, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart X 

(“NESHAP subpart X”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart X is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than December 16, 2011,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart X under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

X is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 
CONSENT DECREE 12 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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11. For the Pulp and Paper Production Industry source category, the EPA Administrator 

shall:

(a) no later than June 15, 2011,

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart S 

(“NESHAP subpart S”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart S is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than December 16, 2011,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart S under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart S 

is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

12. For the Aerospace Manufacturing and Rework Facilities source category, the EPA 

Administrator shall:

(a) no later than August 31, 2011, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart GG 

(“NESHAP subpart GG”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart GG is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than June 29, 2012,
CONSENT DECREE 13 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart GG under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

GG is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2).

13. For the Mineral Wool Production source category, the EPA Administrator shall:

(a) no later than October 31, 2011, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart DDD 

(“NESHAP subpart DDD”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart DDD is not necessary under 

CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than June 29, 2012,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart DDD under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

DDD is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

14. For the Primary Aluminum Reduction Plants source category, the EPA Administrator 

shall:

(a) no later than October 31, 2011, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to the 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart LL

(“NESHAP subpart LL”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 
CONSENT DECREE 14 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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determination that revision of NESHAP subpart LL is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than June 29, 2012,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart LL under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

LL is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

15. For the Ferroalloys Production: Ferromanganese and Silicomanganese source 

category, the EPA Administrator shall:

(a) no later than October 31, 2011, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart XXX

(“NESHAP subpart XXX”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart XXX is not necessary under 

CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than June 29, 2012,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to the NESHAP subpart XXX under 

CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP 

subpart XXX is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and
CONSENT DECREE 15 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

16. For the Wool Fiberglass Manufacturing source category, the EPA Administrator 

shall:

(a) no later than October 31, 2011, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart NNN

(“NESHAP subpart NNN”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart NNN is not necessary under 

CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than June 29, 2012,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart NNN under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

NNN is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

17. For the Secondary Aluminum Production source category, the EPA Administrator 

shall:

(a) no later than November 30, 2011, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart RRR

(“NESHAP subpart RRR”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart RRR is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and
CONSENT DECREE 16 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than August 31, 2012,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart RRR under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

RRR is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

18. For the Pesticide Active Ingredient Production source category, the EPA 

Administrator shall:

(a) no later than November 30, 2011, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart MMM 

(“NESHAP subpart MMM”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart MMM is not necessary under 

CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than November 30, 2012,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart MMM under 

CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP 

subpart MMM is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 
CONSENT DECREE 17 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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19. For the Polyether Polyols Production source category, the EPA Administrator shall:

(a) no later than November 30, 2011, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart PPP 

(“NESHAP subpart PPP”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart PPP is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than November 30, 2012,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart PPP under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

PPP is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

20. For the Group IV Polymers and Resins source category, the EPA Administrator 

shall:

(a) no later than November 30, 2011, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart JJJ 

(“NESHAP subpart JJJ”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart JJJ is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than November 30, 2012,
CONSENT DECREE 18 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart JJJ under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

JJJ is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

21. For the Flexible Polyurethane Foam Production source category, the EPA 

Administrator shall:

(a) no later than October 31, 2012, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart III 

(“NESHAP subpart III”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart III is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than October 31, 2013,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart III under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

III is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2).

22. For the Acrylic and Modacrylic Fibers Production source category, the EPA 

Administrator shall:

(a) no later than October 31, 2012, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to the standards for this source 

category in 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart YY (“NESHAP subpart YY”) under CAA 
CONSENT DECREE 19 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed determination that revision to the standards 

for this source category in NESHAP subpart YY is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than October 31, 2013,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to the standards for this source 

category in NESHAP subpart YY under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a final 

determination that revision of the standards for this source category in NESHAP 

subpart YY is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

23. For the Polycarbonate Production source category, the EPA Administrator shall:

(a) no later than October 31, 2012, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to the standards for this source 

category in 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart YY (“NESHAP subpart YY”) under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed determination that revision of the standards 

for this source category in NESHAP subpart YY is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than October 31, 2013,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to the standards for this source 

category in NESHAP subpart YY under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a final 
CONSENT DECREE 20 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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determination that revision of the standards in NESHAP subpart YY for this 

source category is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

24. For the Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations source category, the EPA 

Administrator shall:

(a) no later than October 31, 2012, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart DD 

(“NESHAP subpart DD”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart DD is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than October 31, 2013,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart DD under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

DD is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

25. For the Phosphoric Acid Manufacturing source category, the EPA Administrator 

shall:

(a) no later than October 31, 2012, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart AA

(“NESHAP subpart AA”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 
CONSENT DECREE 21 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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determination that revision of NESHAP subpart AA is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than October 31, 2013,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart AA under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

AA is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

26. For the Phosphate Fertilizers Production Plants source category, the EPA 

Administrator shall:

(a) no later than October 31, 2012, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart BB 

(“NESHAP subpart BB”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart BB is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than October 31, 2013,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart BB under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

BB is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and
CONSENT DECREE 22 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

27. For the Group III Polymers and Resins – Manufacture of Amino/Phenolic Resins 

source category, the EPA Administrator shall:

(a) no later than October 31, 2012, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart OOO

(“NESHAP subpart OOO”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart OOO is not necessary under 

CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than October 31, 2013,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart OOO under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

OOO is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

28. For the Portland Cement Manufacturing Industry source category, the EPA 

Administrator shall:

(a) no later than June 15, 2017, 

(i) sign a proposed rule containing revisions to 40 C.F.R. part 63, subpart LLL 

(“NESHAP subpart LLL”) under CAA section 112(d)(6) or sign a proposed 

determination that revision of NESHAP subpart LLL is not necessary under CAA 

section 112(d)(6); and
CONSENT DECREE 23 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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(ii) sign a proposed rule containing residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a proposed determination that promulgation 

of such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2); and

(b) no later than June 15, 2018,

(i) sign a final rule promulgating revisions to NESHAP subpart LLL under CAA 

section 112(d)(6) or sign a final determination that revision of NESHAP subpart 

LLL is not necessary under CAA section 112(d)(6); and

(ii) sign a final rule promulgating residual risk standards for this source category 

under CAA section 112(f)(2) or sign a final determination that promulgation of 

such standards is not required under CAA section 112(f)(2). 

29. Within fifteen (15) business days of signing a proposed or final rule or proposed or 

final determination as described in Paragraphs 1 through 28 of this Consent Decree, EPA shall 

deliver it to the Office of the Federal Register for prompt publication. In addition, EPA shall 

provide notice and make available to Plaintiff a copy of each such rule or determination within 

five (5) business days of delivery to the Office of the Federal Register.

30. Once EPA has completed all of the actions set forth in Paragraphs 1 through 29 of 

this Consent Decree, EPA may move to have this Decree terminated. Plaintiff shall have 

fourteen (14) days in which to respond to such motion.

31. The deadlines established in Paragraphs 1 through 28 may be extended (a) by written 

stipulation of Plaintiff and EPA with notice to the Court, or (b) by the Court upon motion of EPA 

for good cause shown and upon consideration of any response by Plaintiff. Any other provision 

of this Consent Decree may be modified by the Court following motion of either Plaintiff or EPA 

for good cause shown and upon consideration of any response by the non-moving party.

32. In the event of a dispute between Plaintiff and EPA concerning the interpretation or 

implementation of any aspect of this Consent Decree, the disputing party shall provide the other 

party with a written notice outlining the nature of the dispute and requesting informal 

negotiations. These parties shall meet and confer in order to attempt to resolve the dispute. If 
CONSENT DECREE 24 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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these parties are unable to resolve the dispute within ten (10) business days after receipt of the 

notice, either party may petition the Court to resolve the dispute.

33. No motion or other proceeding seeking to enforce this Consent Decree or for 

contempt of Court shall be filed unless the procedure set forth in Paragraph 32 has been 

followed.

34. This Court shall retain jurisdiction over this matter to enforce the terms of this 

Consent Decree and to consider any requests for costs of litigation, including attorney fees.

35. Nothing in the terms of this Consent Decree shall be construed (a) to confer upon this 

Court jurisdiction to review any final rule or determination issued by EPA pursuant to this 

Consent Decree, (b) to confer upon this Court jurisdiction to review any issues that are within the 

exclusive jurisdiction of the United States Courts of Appeals under CAA section 307(b)(1), 42 

U.S.C. § 7607(b)(1), or (c) to waive any claims, remedies, or defenses that the parties may have 

under CAA section 307(b)(1), 42 U.S.C. § 7607(b)(1).

36. Nothing in this Consent Decree shall be construed to limit or modify any discretion 

accorded EPA by the Clean Air Act or by general principles of administrative law in taking the 

actions which are the subject of this Consent Decree, including the discretion to alter, amend, or 

revise any final actions promulgated pursuant to this Consent Decree. EPA’s obligation to 

perform each action specified in this Consent Decree does not constitute a limitation or 

modification of EPA’s discretion within the meaning of this paragraph.

37. Except as expressly provided herein, nothing in this Consent Decree shall be 

construed as an admission of any issue of fact or law nor to waive or limit any claim, remedy, or 

defense, on any grounds, related to any final action EPA takes with respect to the actions 

addressed in this Consent Decree.

38. EPA and Plaintiff agree that, pursuant to CAA section 304(d), 42 U.S.C. § 7604(d), 

Plaintiff is both eligible and entitled to recover its costs of litigation in this action, including 

reasonable attorney fees, incurred prior to entry of this Consent Decree. The deadline for filing a 

bill of costs pursuant to Local Rule 54-1 and a motion for costs of litigation, including 

reasonable attorney fees, pursuant to Local Rule 54-6 for activities performed in this case prior to 
CONSENT DECREE 25 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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entry of this Consent Decree, is hereby extended until 90 days after the date on which the Court 

enters this Consent Decree. During this time the parties shall seek to resolve informally any 

claim for costs of litigation, including reasonable attorney fees.

39. Plaintiff reserves the right to seek additional costs of litigation, including reasonable 

attorney fees, incurred subsequent to entry of this Consent Decree and arising from Plaintiff’s 

need to enforce or defend against efforts to modify its terms or the underlying schedule outlined 

herein, or for any other unforeseen continuation of this action. EPA reserves the right to oppose 

any such request for additional costs of litigation, including reasonable attorney fees.

40. It is hereby expressly understood and agreed that this Consent Decree was jointly 

drafted by Plaintiff and EPA. Accordingly, the parties hereby agree that any and all rules of 

construction to the effect that ambiguity is construed against the drafting party shall be 

inapplicable in any dispute concerning the terms, meaning, or interpretation of this Consent 

Decree.

41. The parties agree and acknowledge that before this Consent Decree is entered by the 

Court, EPA must provide notice of this Consent Decree in the Federal Register and an 

opportunity for public comment pursuant to CAA section 113(g), 42 U.S.C. § 7413(g). After 

this Consent Decree has undergone notice and comment, the Administrator and/or the Attorney 

General, as appropriate, shall promptly consider any such written comments in determining 

whether to withdraw or withhold their consent to the Consent Decree, in accordance with CAA 

section 113(g). If the Administrator and/or the Attorney General do not elect to withdraw or 

withhold consent, EPA shall promptly file a motion that requests that the Court enter this 

Consent Decree.

42. Any notices required or provided for by this Consent Decree shall be in writing, via 

electronic mail or other means, and sent to the following (or to any new address of counsel as 

filed and listed in the docket of the above-captioned matter, at a future date):

For Plaintiff Sierra Club: Emma C. Cheuse

James S. Pew

Earthjustice

1625 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Suite 702 

Washington, D.C. 20036 
CONSENT DECREE 26 Case No. 09-cv-00152 SBA

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Tel: (202) 667-4500 

Email: echeuse@earthjustice.org

Email: jpew@earthjustice.org

Sarah H. Burt

Earthjustice

426 17th Street, 6th Floor

Oakland, CA 94612

Tel: (510) 550-6700

Email: sburt@earthjustice.org 

For Defendant EPA: Rochelle L. Russell

U.S. Department of Justice

Environment & Natural Resources Division

301 Howard Street, Suite 1050

San Francisco, CA 94105

Tel: (415) 744-6566

Email: rochelle.russell@usdoj.gov

43. EPA and Plaintiff recognize and acknowledge that the obligations imposed upon 

EPA under this Consent Decree can only be undertaken using appropriated funds legally 

available for such purpose. No provision of this Consent Decree shall be interpreted as or 

constitute a commitment or requirement that the United States obligate or pay funds in 

contravention of the Anti-Deficiency Act, 31 U.S.C. § 1341, or any other applicable provision of 

law. 

44. If for any reason the Court should decline to approve this Consent Decree in the form 

presented, this agreement is voidable at the sole discretion of either party and the terms of the 

proposed Consent Decree may not be used as evidence in any litigation between the parties.

45. The undersigned representatives of Plaintiff Sierra Club and Defendant EPA certify 

that they are fully authorized by the party they represent to consent to the Court’s entry of the 

terms and conditions of this Decree.

SO ORDERED on this _____ day of _____________________, 2010. 

 

_______________________________________________

SAUNDRA BROWN ARMSTRONG

United States District Judge
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COUNSEL FOR PLAINTIFF:

Date: July 6, 2010 /s/ Emma C. Cheuse 

EMMA C. CHEUSE 

(Appearing Pro Hac Vice, D.C. Bar No. 488201 )

JAMES S. PEW 

(Appearing Pro Hac Vice, D.C. Bar No. 448830)

Earthjustice

1625 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Suite 702 

Washington, D.C. 20036 

Tel: (202) 667-4500

Email: echeuse@earthjustice.org

Email: jpew@earthjustice.org

SARAH H. BURT (Cal. Bar No. 250378)

Earthjustice

426 17th Street, 6th Floor

Oakland, CA 94612

Tel: (510) 550-6700

Email: sburt@earthjustice.org

Attorneys for Plaintiff Sierra Club

COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANT:

Date: July 6, 2010

IGNACIA S. MORENO

Assistant Attorney General

Environment & Natural Resources Division

/s/ Rochelle L. Russell 

ROCHELLE L. RUSSELL

Attorney, U.S. Department of Justice

Environmental Defense Section 

301 Howard Street, Suite 1050

San Francisco, CA 94105

Tel: (415) 744-6566

Email: rochelle.russell@usdoj.gov

Attorneys for Defendant EPA