DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY 

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

REPORT TO CONGRESS 

for the period 

January 1 through December 31, 2004 

Section 129 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, authorizes the establishment of 

a Department of the Treasury program to provide technical assistance to foreign governments 

and foreign central banks of developing or transitional countries. This legislation requires 

Treasury to prepare and submit this report on the conduct of the Treasury International Affairs 

Technical Assistance program. 
1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

The Department of the Treasury (Treasury), through its Office of Technical Assistance (OTA), 

provides comprehensive technical assistance to select countries that are of strategic foreign 

policy importance to the U.S. Government. Most of these countries are in the process of 

development or transformation. Others have suffered severe deterioration of their financial 

institutions as a result of war, civil strife, or prolonged neglect and require serious reform. 

OTA services cover a range of public financial management technical assistance focusing on five 

core disciplines: budget policy and management, financial enforcement, financial institutions 

policy and regulation, government debt issuance and management, and tax policy and 

administration. Financial enforcement is addressed through initiatives which combat money 

laundering, corruption, and the financing of terrorism. Projects may include assisting with the 

development or revision of laws and regulations, the development of broad strategies, the 

designing and implementation of financial systems to promote macroeconomic and fiscal 

stability, and the building of processes for efficient resource allocation, transparency, and 

sustainable private-sector growth. 

The relationship among OTA’s five disciplines requires cooperation and mutual support. The 

cross-disciplinary capability of OTA provides the program with greater flexibility and an 

increased capacity to respond to broad requests and challenges. Treasury’s technical assistance 

program is able to respond quickly with the placement of experts to deal with crisis situations 

where extensive financial and institutional rehabilitation must be initiated immediately. For 

example, during Fiscal Year 2004 OTA fielded advisors in Iraq, Afghanistan, Liberia, and Haiti 

and also conducted an assessment mission to the West Bank/Gaza. 

Treasury International Affairs Technical Assistance (TIATA) funding has grown to be the largest 

source of OTA resources for pursuing its global mission. OTA selects projects funded by TIATA 

legislation where such assistance will support democratic governance and economic reform and 

where it is likely that technical assistance will increase the probability of positive and permanent 

change. In Fiscal Year 2004 OTA received $19.0 million from Congress in TIATA funding plus 

an additional $4.3 million from other U.S. agencies that co-funded Treasury’s TIATA projects. 

This made it possible for OTA to undertake 42 individual projects in 30 countries. 

Since the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, Treasury has aggressively addressed issues 

surrounding the financing of international terrorism by expanding its traditional anti-money 

laundering program to include asset identification and the tracking of financing for terrorist 

organizations. OTA Financial Enforcement has the ability to draw expertise from the other four 

disciplines within OTA, and this synergy allows for a comprehensive approach to financial 

enforcement. 
2

REPORT 

Treasury, through its OTA, provides comprehensive financial technical assistance in countries 

that are of strategic foreign policy importance to the U.S. Government. OTA is highly selective 

when identifying nations in which to engage. A number of countries that receive technical 

assistance from Treasury are in the process of development or transformation, while others have 

suffered severe deterioration of their financial institutions as a result of war, civil strife, or 

prolonged neglect and require serious financial reform. 

OTA services cover a range of public financial management activities. These include: revenue 

enhancement, budget policy and administration, banking supervision and regulation, cash 

management, government debt issuance and management, and initiatives focused on financial 

system integrity. Financial enforcement addresses such activities as money laundering, financing 

of terrorism, and corruption. Projects may include assisting with the development or revision of 

laws and regulations, developing broad strategies, designing and implementing financial systems 

to promote macroeconomic and fiscal stability, and building processes for efficient resource 

allocation, transparency, and sustainable private-sector growth. Consistent with the requirements 

of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, sec. 129(b), expert advisors in five core disciplines, 

working under OTA direction, provide these comprehensive services. The core disciplines are: 

• Budget Policy and Management, 

• Financial Institutions Policy and Regulation, 

• Government Debt Issuance and Management, 

• Tax Policy and Administration, and 

• Financial Enforcement. 

The relationships among the five disciplines are cooperative and mutually supportive. In 

countries where a serious breakdown of financial institutions has occurred, advisors from all five 

disciplines may be working simultaneously on a broad front. This is often the case in postconflict or failed-state engagements. This cross-disciplinary capability of OTA provides the 

program with flexibility and capacity to respond quickly to challenging and difficult situations. 

The advisors are experienced experts who work together cooperatively to address complex 

financial management challenges. 

OTA advisors, who are employees of the Treasury, have a high degree of credibility with the 

ministries to which they are assigned. They function as confidential experts who provide advice, 

counsel, recommendations, coaching, and professional guidance to help reach the goals set by 

the countries themselves. At times this may involve helping countries to develop and execute 

plans to meet requirements of international financial institutions or may focus on carrying out 

reforms that are initiated by the host government. 

OTA selects projects to be funded by TIATA legislation that will support democratic governance 

and economic reform. In order to increase the likelihood of positive and permanent change, OTA 

requires Treasury advisors to be linked with policy-level, reform-minded counterpart officials 

and that Terms of Reference be agreed upon with a recipient country prior to assignment of an 

advisor. These requirements were forged through experience gained in Treasury’s technical 

assistance work in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. They have proven their utility as 

OTA has broadened its program geographically to meet challenges in Africa, Asia, and Latin 
3

America, as well as expanded its scope to include combating the financing of terrorism after the 

September 2001 attacks. 

OTA manages its worldwide technical assistance through a staff headquartered in Washington, 

D.C., and through placement of regional and senior advisors at locations that allow for both 

quick and economical support. The cost of program management is limited to 15 percent of 

funds allocated for OTA technical assistance. 

Treasury believes that OTA’s established reputation for swift response and practical results 

grows out of its focus on financial management, its adherence to principles established in U.S. 

law, its integrated approach, its cooperation with other U.S. agencies and international donors, its 

cadre of expert advisors, and its strong administrative and financial controls. 

TIATA GLOBAL OBJECTIVES 

The original TIATA legislation called for assistance to governments of developing and 

transitional countries around the world. It is TIATA funding that makes it possible for OTA to 

respond to that global mission. Beginning with the initial TIATA appropriation from Congress, 

Treasury has expanded the reach of its technical assistance operations to include a select and 

limited number of countries in Asia and Africa, as well as in Central and Latin America. OTA 

now has primarily focused on these regions, along with the Middle East, where its presence is 

increasing. Even though OTA has other sources of financial support, TIATA funding has grown 

to be the single largest resource available to OTA for pursuing its global mission. 

Since the inception of TIATA in 1999, OTA has used TIATA resources to provide technical 

assistance to nearly 50 countries around the world. In Fiscal Year 2004, Treasury advisors 

worked on 42 TIATA-funded individual projects in 30 countries. Table A attached to this report 

summarizes the execution of the Fiscal Year 2004 TIATA budget. It shows the countries to 

which advisors were deployed and the budgeted cost of each project. 

In addition to TIATA funding, OTA receives financial resources through the Support for East 

European Democracy (SEED) Act for work in countries in Eastern and Central Europe and 

through the Freedom Support Act (FSA) for countries in the former Soviet Union. SEED and 

FSA funds have been declining at an accelerated pace in recent years as countries have become 

self-sufficient and U.S. Government technical assistance has no longer been needed. 

Table B attached to this report lists the non-TIATA sources of funding received by OTA during 

Fiscal Year 2004. The funds totaled $16,698,475 for the period. The figures do not include the 

final category of funding received by OTA - supplemental appropriations. This funding, which 

has been used for such countries as Iraq and Liberia, is available only as exceptional needs arise. 

FISCAL YEAR 2004 TIATA PROGRAM 

Countries and projects for which Fiscal Year 2004 TIATA funds would be used were selected 

systematically. OTA prepared an initial internal Fiscal Year 2004 financial plan comprised of 

summary information on projects proposed for funding. The proposals were compiled and 

submitted by each of OTA’s five core disciplines but originated from several sources, including 

foreign governments, U.S. embassies, USAID missions, and assessment missions conducted by 

OTA advisors. Among other things, consideration was given to continuing current projects that 
4

demonstrated substantial and measurable results. The Fiscal Year 2004 preliminary financial 

plan contained nearly 60 proposed projects with an estimated cost of $28.8 million, an amount 

well above available resources. 

In order to make best use of available funds, Treasury reached out to other sources of funding 

and in some cases found partners committed to the project objectives and willing to provide cofinancing. In this way Treasury was able to implement a technical assistance program larger than 

it could have undertaken on its own. 

OTA then conducted an intensified internal selection process to identify projects with the 

greatest potential to result in significant reform. These projects were selected for funding while 

the rest, though meriting serious consideration, were set aside due to a lack of funding. The final 

results of the project selection process are displayed in Table A, Fiscal Year 2004 Budget 

Execution Plan. Forty-two separate projects are grouped geographically in the following 

categories: Latin America and the Caribbean, Africa, Asia, and Eurasia. 

In addition to country-specific projects, budgetary allocations were made for senior and regional 

advisors, global anti-terrorist activities, global information technology assistance in support of 

combating financial crime, financial enforcement assessment missions, and the OMB rescission. 

The final version of the Fiscal Year 2004 Budget Execution Plan consists of $19 million in 

TIATA funds leveraged by an additional $4.3 million contributed by USAID missions and 

others. 

AFRICAN FOCUS

Under the Fiscal Year 2004 Budget Execution Plan, Sub-Saharan Africa continued to be a region 

of significant focus. Treasury committed $5.8 million to this region for technical assistance in 

Fiscal Year 2004, an increase of $2.5 million over the $3.3 million committed in Fiscal Year 

2003. This amount represented about 30 percent of all funding for TIATA-funded projects. 

TIATA funds for projects in Sub-Saharan Africa were combined with $1.9 million of USAID 

and State Department Economic Support Funds (ESF) to create a combined program budget of 

$7.7 million for the region. 

Treasury has strong rationale for committing so much of its TIATA resources to the Sub-Saharan 

region. First, OTA has received a very positive reception from African counterpart institutions. 

Second, results achieved by these projects have inspired other governments in the region to seek 

a productive use of Treasury technical assistance. Third, the nature of Treasury’s technical 

assistance – support in the design and operation of national institutions required for the 

development of successful market-based economies – is in urgent need in these countries. 

HIPC CONNECTION

In making TIATA budget allocation decisions, Treasury gives consideration to the Heavily 

Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) debt reduction initiative. A major facet of HIPC involves the 

World Bank’s granting of substantial debt forgiveness to highly-indebted poor countries that 

undertake significant reform of their political and economic systems. Forgiving these debts 

represents a substantial investment by the U.S. Government and the other members of the 
5

international community in the future success of these countries. For this reason, it is appropriate 

that TIATA funding is utilized to support the efforts of HIPC countries in reforming their 

financial systems and improving their institutions of economic governance. The TIATA program 

funded assistance to seven African HIPC countries in Fiscal Year 2004 – Chad, Ethiopia, Ghana, 

Guinea, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia. In addition, Fiscal Year 2004 TIATA resources funded 

tax technical assistance to Honduras and government debt management assistance to Nicaragua, 

both HIPC countries in Central America. 

FISCAL YEAR 2004 ANTI-TERRORIST ACTIVITIES 

OTA has implemented financial enforcement projects since 1997, providing technical assistance 

in combating money laundering, corruption, and other financial crimes. Since the terrorist 

attacks on September 11, 2001, Treasury has aggressively addressed issues surrounding the 

financing of international terrorism. As a result, beginning in Fiscal Year 2002, OTA expanded 

its traditional anti-money laundering programs to include mentoring in asset identification and 

tracking the finances of terrorist organizations. Currently, OTA financial enforcement projects 

focus on the development of laws and regulations, policies, and organizations in three primary 

areas: 1) money laundering, terrorist financing, and other financial crimes; 2) organized crime 

and corruption; and, 3) the reorganization of, and capacity building for, financial law 

enforcement entities in developing countries. The goal is to build the capacity of these countries 

to prevent, detect, investigate, and prosecute complex international financial crimes. 

In the past, OTA has found its resident advisors to be very effective, and they are increasingly 

being used in OTA’s financial enforcement projects. OTA financial enforcement assistance was 

first carried out by intermittent advisors but is now being carried out by resident advisors in 

Albania, Bulgaria, Paraguay, Peru, Romania, Senegal, Serbia, Ukraine, Zambia, the Philippines, 

and the Eastern Caribbean. In addition, using global TIATA funds, OTA financial enforcement 

advisors provided intermittent assistance during 2004 to the governments of Armenia, 

Azerbaijan, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Colombia, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Georgia, Haiti, 

Honduras, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Lesotho, Macedonia, Mongolia, Morocco, Panama, Zambia, Sri 

Lanka and the Maldives, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Uganda, Ukraine, Venezuela, and the 

Western Caribbean countries. 

Working either independently or within the context of the U.S. Government inter-agency 

process, OTA financial enforcement advisors conducted assessment missions in Ethiopia, 

Lesotho, Morocco, Liberia, Mexico, Costa Rica, Haiti, the Philippines, China, Mongolia, 

Croatia, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, Kazakhstan, and Kenya. These missions most often have led to 

positive determinations with respect to the feasibility of undertaking technical assistance. Several 

countries have requested long-term assistance to build their capacity to address money 

laundering, improve banking regulations, and create criminal tax divisions. 

OTA’s Financial Enforcement projects have the flexibility to draw expertise from the other four 

disciplines within OTA. For example, Budget Policy and Management advisors worked with the 

Ministry of Finance in Afghanistan to ensure that a transparent budget is maintained for donor 

reconstruction funds flowing into the country. Financial Institutions Policy and Regulation 

advisors have been utilized in the Dominican Republic to assist in the resolution of a major bank 

that was insolvent because of massive insider fraud. Tax Policy and Administration advisors are 
6

employed in the creation of criminal investigation units within the tax services unit in Croatia 

and in the regulation of gaming industries in other countries. 

RECONSTRUCTION AND STABILIZATION INITIATIVES

OTA has become increasingly active in providing assistance to post-conflict countries, as well as 

failed states. Certain countries suffering from the results of severe natural disasters, such as the 

tsunami in South Asia, have restructuring and stabilization needs not unlike those in nations 

weakened by conflict or political instability. In engagements in such countries, OTA has proved 

itself able to respond quickly with the placement of expert teams into challenging environments. 

Iraq and Afghanistan

In addition to its technical assistance efforts financed by the TIATA appropriation in Fiscal Year 

2004, OTA received $29.1 million from the Fiscal Year 2004 supplemental budget to pay for 

bank modernization projects in Iraq. In both Iraq and Afghanistan, the focus of OTA’s work has 

been on creating sound economic frameworks upon which future growth can be built. 

In 2003-2004, the Treasury effort in cooperation with the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) 

aided in the development of an Iraqi central budget, a revitalization of the banking system, the 

creation of the first ever market-based auction of treasury bills by the Ministry of Finance, 

assistance with sovereign debt reconciliation, introduction of sound management practices and 

transparency at the Central Bank and Ministry of Finance, the creation of a trade bank, and a 

strengthening of efforts aimed at combating financial crimes and terrorist financing. During this 

period more than sixty advisors were deployed to Iraq for duty spanning from a few weeks to 

more than a year. 

In Afghanistan, Treasury’s technical assistance efforts have involved the initiation of a 

streamlined government budget process, an improvement of the payment system for government 

salaries, and the creation of the Debt Management Unit for the Ministry of Finance. Two recent 

Treasury assessment missions in Afghanistan identified additional technical assistance needs that 

could involve all five OTA disciplines. Deployment of additional advisors is planned for 2005. 

Liberia

Treasury’s technical assistance to the National Transition Government of Liberia (NTGL) 

represents a comprehensive approach to improving operational and management capacity within 

key governmental institutions in Liberia. The main objectives of the engagement are to improve 

the government’s ability to generate revenue via increased tax collection and rationalization of 

the tax system, create a transparent and sound budget that reflects a measured prioritization of 

expenditures, document existing debt and establish sound strategies for working cooperatively 

with creditors, and transform the banking sector into an efficient mechanism for allocating 

financial resources into productive economic activities. OTA was able to place a team of 

advisors in Monrovia earlier than other providers of technical assistance, an effort that helped 

jump-start this U.S. Government initiative. 
7

During Fiscal Year 2004, OTA fielded advisors in Liberia for seven operational areas: 1) an 

advisor working with the Ministry of Finance (MoF), the Bureau of the Budget, and the Cash 

Management Committee to aid in improving expenditure decisions and overall management of 

the government budget; 2) an advisor to work on the improvement of tax administration 

procedures; 3) an advisor to assist in coping with Liberia’s external and domestic debts; 4) an 

advisor to work on improving banking supervision capacity at the Central Bank of Liberia 

(CBL); 5) a macroeconomist to advise the CBL on monetary policy issues; 6) an advisor to assist 

with audit preparation activities and payment/clearing systems; and 7) an advisor to assist in 

remedying accounting and audit deficiencies within the Forestry Development Authority. 

Haiti

OTA was asked to respond to the post-crisis situation in Haiti and rapidly completed a number of 

assessment missions. OTA Financial Enforcement advisors evaluated the needs of the Ministry 

of Finance and Ministry of Justice, began efforts to help organize a Haitian task force 

investigation into the conversion of assets by the prior government, and helped initiate the 

process of building capacity to conduct financial investigations. 

OTA Tax Policy and Administration advisors met with the Minister of Finance, Minister of 

Justice, and the Narcotics Affairs Section Director to evaluate the tax code and tax 

administration needs of the Haitian Government. They examined the Haitian tax and customs 

administrations to determine their capacity to benefit from technical assistance, focusing on 

improving revenue generation and training tax staff. 

OTA Budget Policy and Management advisors will focus on the problems associated with the 

budget in meeting requirements for expenditures for police and elections, as well as the need for 

priority social programs. Budget Policy and Management is also prepared to provide assistance 

on discretionary accounts, fraudulent employment claims, and budget shortfalls. 
8

PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS

Africa

West Africa: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Enforcement assisted the members of GIABA (Groupe 

Intergouvernementale d’Action contre le Blanchiment d’Argent en Afrique – the 

FATF-style regional body) and ECOWAS (Economic Community Of West African 

States) in the development and implementation of model anti-money 

laundering/counter financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) laws in all member countries.

3⁄4 OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management helped several members of the 

West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) to secure initial sovereign 

credit ratings.

Chad: 

3⁄4 OTA Budget Policy and Management reviewed the status of financial controls over 

oil revenues. When the review indicated backsliding in these controls, the Chad 

government requested expanded OTA budget technical assistance to ensure proper 

accounting and control in the future.

Ethiopia: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Institutions Policy and Regulation completed a manual of strategies, 

approaches, and techniques for resolving problem banks.

3⁄4 OTA Tax Policy and Administration provided assistance with the implementation of 

procedures and transparency in audit and collection processes and also initiated 

technical assistance in developing a taxpayer service function.

Ghana: 

3⁄4 OTA Tax Policy and Administration assisted with preparations for the 2006 merger 

of responsibility for tax and VAT into one organization. It also assisted in 

reorganizing tax agencies to merge collection activities and consolidate local office 

authorities. 

3⁄4 OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management advised on the design and 

introduction of new medium-term government securities to broaden the options for 

non-bank investors and help lengthen the average maturity of government debt. It 

assisted in the design and implementation of a cash forecasting system for use in 

establishing the government’s borrowing requirements at each weekly securities 

auction. It also drafted and helped to implement a Loan and Fiscal Agency 

Agreement between the Central Bank and the Ministry of Finance that defines the 

relationship between the two institutions on key issues involving loans from the 

central bank and the central bank’s responsibilities as fiscal agent for the government.

Guinea

3⁄4 OTA Budget Policy and Management assisted with the institution of new procedures 

requiring budget office review, analysis, and comment on the executive budget prior 

to its being presented to Parliament.
9

Liberia: 

3⁄4 OTA Budget Policy and Management advised on the establishment of guidelines for 

reconciling policies and expenditures in the national budget.

3⁄4 OTA Tax Policy and Administration provided assistance in the establishment of an 

automated data base for large taxpayer accounts.

3⁄4 OTA Financial Institutions Policy and Regulation completed an On-site Examination 

Manual establishing procedures for the review of the operating banks and contributed 

to the development of a Problem Bank Reconstruction and Resolution Policy for 

restructuring the Liberian banking system.

Mauritius: 

3⁄4 OTA Budget Policy and Management assisted the country in the development of its 

Medium-Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF).

Nigeria:

3⁄4 OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management aided in the re-profiling of 

treasury bill debt to smooth weekly maturities, thereby reducing a key source of 

volatility in the domestic money market. It also helped to establish a debt 

management program that is used as a platform for engaging sub-sovereign states on 

key economic issues.

South Africa: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Institutions Policy and Regulation assisted in establishing the legal 

and policy framework for the explicit guaranty of deposits in financial institutions.

3⁄4 OTA Budget Policy and Management provided assistance which proved instrumental 

in avoiding a failure of South Africa’s disabilities benefit system, the nation’s 

primary social service and largest budget item. OTA guided the establishment of a 

planning board that will collect and analyze data to determine entitlements and levels 

of support in the future. At the request of the government, it also developed a 

mechanism for implementing a new law that called for centralization of funding for 

certain social programs.

Tanzania: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Enforcement assisted in the preparation of draft anti-money 

laundering (AML) legislation for presentation in Parliament.

Uganda: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Enforcement worked on the preparation of draft AML legislation that 

provides for the creation of a financial intelligence unit (FIU).

3⁄4 OTA Financial Institutions Policy and Regulation aided in developing the Financial 

Institutions Act of 2004, which provided for the establishment of the first risk-based 

premium deposit insurance system in Africa. It also provided technical assistance as 

the Deposit Protection Fund (DPF) began moving toward being fully invested in 

Uganda treasury bills and government bonds. As a result of this transition, DPF 

income during the next twelve months is expected to increase to $1,200,000 at the 

present exchange rate.
10

3⁄4 In January 2004 OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management assisted in the 

design and sale of the first ever two-year bond, followed quickly by three-, five-, and 

ten-year maturity issues, thereby dramatically extending the yield curve for the 

country. It is also noteworthy that ten-year maturity issues are extraordinarily rare in 

developing economies.

Zambia: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Enforcement provided mentoring to the Anti-Corruption Task Force 

in the conduct of investigations and prosecutions against several politicians and 

officials of the previous administration, including the former president.

Regional: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Enforcement conducted AML/CFT assessment missions to Kenya, 

Ethiopia, Morocco, Lesotho, and Liberia. 

Asia and Near East

Bangladesh: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Institutions Policy and Regulations aided in ensuring that bank 

inspections are conducted with updated quarterly financial statements in place of the 

previous practice of using outdated end-of-year statements. 

Sri Lanka: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Enforcement initiated AML/CFT training for personnel from the 

central bank and from commercial banks. 

3⁄4 OTA Budget Policy and Management assisted in the institution of reforms in budget 

preparation and formulation. It also completed a Medium-Term Expenditure 

Framework (MTEF). 

Turkey: 

3⁄4 OTA Tax Policy and Administration aided in the establishment of a Large Taxpayer 

Office, part of the first major reorganization of the General Directorate of Revenue 

since the Ottoman Empire. Tax agencies were reorganized to merge collection 

activities and consolidate local office authorities, approaching world standards in 

transparency and efficiency. 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Institutions Policy and Regulation assisted the Savings Deposit 

Insurance Fund in making substantial progress in transitioning its asset disposition 

programs from a high-cost collection operation to a quicker asset disposition vehicle. 

Central and South America

Colombia: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Institutions Policy and Regulation advised on the development of 

regulations designed to expedite the resolution of failed financial institutions. This 

allowed the agency responsible for bank resolution to transfer certain assets and all 

deposits of a failing bank to a sound financial institution within a seven-day period. 

 
11

Guatemala: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Enforcement assisted in development of the nation’s AML law, 

provided training to staff of the Financial Intelligence Unit, and completed AML/CFT 

training for over 90 percent of judges in the country. 

Haiti: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Enforcement provided technical assistance in tracing monies diverted 

by former government officials and assisted in developing a Financial Crimes Task 

Force that will address corruption. 

Honduras: 

3⁄4 OTA Tax Policy and Administration provided technical assistance to reorganize and 

merge tax collection activities and consolidate local office authorities under the 

Dirección Ejecutiva de Ingresos (DEI). 

Nicaragua: 

3⁄4 OTA Government Debt Issuance and Management assisted the treasury to issue 

monthly short-term treasury bills on a competitive basis and in a fully transparent 

manner. 

3⁄4 OTA Tax Policy and Administration advised on methods to strengthen the audit, 

collection, and internal control functions of the Dirección General de Ingresos (DGI). 

Tax agencies were reorganized to merge tax collection activities and to consolidate 

local office authorities. 

Paraguay: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Enforcement assisted customs with the implementation of controls to 

combat money laundering and terrorist financing in the Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay

tri-border area. It also worked with authorities to create an effective AML/CFT 

regime, including the establishment of an internationally recognized FIU. 

3⁄4 OTA Budget Policy and Management helped produce a Budget in Brief (Citizen’s 

Guide) for the 2004 budget in order to increase the transparency of the budget 

process. 

3⁄4 OTA Tax Policy and Administration helped reorganize and merge tax collection 

activities and consolidate local office authorities. The product of this effort was 

consistent with international standards in transparency and efficiency. 

Peru: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Enforcement assisted in building capacity within the Financial 

Intelligence Unit. This resulted in more than twenty cases being referred to the 

prosecutor’s office for criminal investigation. 

Eurasia

Ukraine: 

3⁄4 OTA Financial Enforcement assisted Ukraine in making the progress necessary to 

achieve Ukraine’s removal from the FATF list of non-compliant countries and 

territories. The efforts involved working with the newly formed Financial Intelligence 

Unit and supporting the establishment of an anti-money laundering unit within the 

National Bank of Ukraine. 
TABLE A - FISCAL YEAR 2004 BUDGET EXECUTION PLAN Page 1

Treasury International Affairs Technical Assistance (TIATA)

Fiscal Year 2004 Budget Request

Co-Financing TIAT

A

Team

Advisor Categor

y

Amount Amount 

AFRIC

A

BCEAO 1 Gov't Debt Resident $0 $350,000 

Chad (Oversight Board) Budget Intermittent $0 $100,000 East Africa Community 2 Gov't Debt Resident $250,000 $250,000 Ethiopia Enforcement Intermittent $0 $550,000 

Tax Intermittent $0 $50,000 

Ghana Gov't Debt Resident $335,885 $250,000 

Tax Intermittent $135,000 $275,000 

Guinea Budget Resident $250,000 $250,000 Kenya Enforcement Resident $0 $550,000 Mauritius Budget Resident $0 $250,000 Niger 3 Budget Resident $0 $250,000 Nigeria Gov't Debt Resident $275,000 $275,000 South Africa Budget Resident $200,000 $250,000 

Banking Resident $250,000 $250,000 

Uganda Banking Resident $0 $475,000 WAEMU 4 Gov't Debt Resident $250,000 $300,000 Zambia Budget Intermittent $0 $100,000 

Enforcement Resident $0 $550,000 Banking Resident $0 $475,000 

Subtotal Africa $1,945,885 $5,800,000 $7

1 Banque Centrale des Stats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (the Central Bank of the West African States). Based in Senegal, its members are Benin, B

Côte d' Ivoire, Guinea Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal, and Togo. 

2 Based in Uganda, its members are Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda.3 $250,000 for Democratic Republic of Congo was to be combined with $250,000 from USAID to establish a resident advisor position. Co-fundi

to human rights violations in DRC.The $250,000 TIATA funds were re-programmed to Niger for an assessment mission and residency to be es

4 West African Economic and Monetary Union. Based in Burkina Faso, its members are Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea Bissau, Ma

and Togo.
Table A - FISCAL YEAR 2004 BUDGET EXECUTION PLAN Page 2

Fiscal Year 2004 Budget Request

Co-Financing TIAT

A

Team

Advisor Categor

y

Amount Amount 

ASI

A

Afghanistan Gov't Debt Resident $1,000,000 $1Asian Development Bank (Philippines-based) Enforcement Resident $0 $500,000 Bangladesh Banking Resident $200,000 $275,000 Mongolia 5 Budget Resident $0 $250,000 

Sri Lanka Budget Resident $0 $500,000 

Enforcement Intermittent $0 $500,000 Gov't Debt Resident $454,000 $150,000 

Turkey Banking Intermittent $0 $475,000 

Tax Intermittent $0 $250,000 

Subtotal Asia $654,000 $3,900,000 $4EURASI

A

Albania Enforcement Resident $0 $500,000 Ukraine Enforcement Resident $300,000 $200,000 

Subtotal Eurasia $300,000 $700,000 $1LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEA

N

Central American Market Harmonization 6 Gov't Debt Intermittent $0 $155,000 

Ecuador Tax Intermittent $0 $100,000 El Salvador Banking Intermittent $0 $150,000 Honduras Tax Resident $250,000 $300,000 Latin America & Caribbean Regional 7 Enforcement Resident $0 $475,000 Nicaragua Gov't Debt Resident $238,167 $225,000 

Tax Resident $300,000 $300,000 

Paraguay Budget Resident $0 $500,000 

Enforcement Resident $0 $500,000 Gov't Debt Resident $0 $500,000 Tax Intermittent $0 $375,000 

Peru Enforcement Resident $350,000 $200,000 

Subtotal Latin America and Caribbean $1,138,167 $3,780,000 $4

5 $250,000 TIATA funds were to be combined with co-funding from the World Bank of $250,000 for a residency in Mongolia. Co-funding has ye

Residency will be established when co-funding becomes available.

6 Headquartered in Costa Rica, its members are Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama7 Covers financial enforcement projects carried out in the geographic area of the Americas and the Caribbean.
Table A - FISCAL YEAR 2004 BUDGET EXECUTION PLAN Page 3

Fiscal Year 2004 Budget Request

Co-Financing TIAT

A

Team

Advisor Categor

y

Amount Amount 

SENIOR AND REGIONAL ADVISOR

S

Budapest-based Budget Regional Advisor $0 $58,824 

Enforcement Regional Advisor $310,000 $190,000 Banking Senior Advisor $0 $176,471 Banking Regional Advisor $0 $58,824 Gov't Debt Regional Advisor $0 $58,824 Tax Regional Advisor $0 $58,824 

Africa-based Enforcement Regional Advisor $0 $550,000 U.S.-based Budget Regional Advisor $0 $264,706 

Gov't Debt Regional Advisor $0 $264,706 Enforcement Regional Advisor $0 $300,000 

Subtotal S/R Advisors $310,000 $1,981,179 $2OTHER FUNDED ACTIVITIES

Global Anti-Terrorism Enforcement $0 $2,337,900 $2Global Information Technology Enforcement $0 $250,000 Assessment Missions (Financial Enforcement) Enforcement $0 $100,000 Assessment Missions (traditional) Enforcement $0 $38,821 OMB Rescission Enforcement $0 $112,100 Subtotal Other $0 $2,838,821 $2GRAND TOTAL $4,348,052 $19,000,000 $23
FISCAL YEAR 2004 BUDGET EXECUTION PLAN

Treasury International Affairs Technical Assistance Program (TIATA)

Fiscal Year 2004 Budget Request

TIAT

A

Type Co-finance Contribution 

Team

Advisor

ASIA AND NEAR EAS

T

Afghanistan Gov't Debt Resident 1,000,000Bangladesh Fin Institutions Resident 200,000 275,000Mongolia Budget Intermittent 250,000Philippines Enforcement Resident 500,000Sri Lanka Budget Resident 500,000

Enforcement Intermittent 500,000Gov't Debt Resident 454,000 150,000

Turkey Fin Institutions Resident 475,000

Tax Intermittent 250,000

EURASI

A

Albania Enforcement Intermittent 500,000Ukraine Enforcement Resident 300,000 200,000LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEA

N

Costa Rica Gov't Debt Intermittent 155,000Ecuador Tax Intermittent 100,000El Salvador Fin Institutions Intermittent 150,000Honduras Tax Resident 250,000 300,000Latin America and Caribbean RegioEnforcement Resident 475,000

Nicaragua Gov't Debt Resident 238,167 225,000

Tax Resident 300,000 300,000

Paraguay Budget Resident 500,000

Enforcement Resident 500,000Gov't Debt Resident 500,000Tax Intermittent 375,000

Peru Enforcement Resident 350,000 200,000
FISCAL YEAR 2004 BUDGET EXECUTION PLAN

Treasury International Affairs Technical Assistance Program (TIATA)

Fiscal Year 2004 Budget Request

TIATA

Type Co-finance Contribution 

Team Advisor

SENIOR AND REGIONAL ADVISORS

S/R Advisors (Washington) Budget 264,706

Gov't Debt 264,706

S/R Advisors (Budapest) Budget 500,000

Enforcement 310,000 190,000

Fin Institutions 235,295

Gov't Debt 500,000

Tax 200,000

Rerional Advisors (Africa) Enforcement 550,000

Regional Advisors (USA) Enforcement 300,000

OTHER

Global AT Enforcement 2,337,900

Global IT Enforcement 250,000

Assessment Missions (EnforcemEnforcement 100,000

Assessment Missions (traditionaEnforcement 38,821

OMB Recission Enforcement 112,100
TABLE B - FISCAL YEAR 2004 Non-TIATA Sources of Funding (Excluding Supplemental Approriat

Fiscal Year 2004

Transfer

Purpose Source Category

Amount

TA to countries of Eastern Europe (SEED Act-funded) USAID 632(a) $8,200,000TA to countires of the Newly Independent States (FSA-funded) USAID 632(a) $3,550,000TA to develop financial markets within the East Africa Community USAID 632(a) $500,000Banking, debt and financial enforcement projects under MEPI1 STATE 632(b) $3,000,000

Government debt issuance and management advisor in Sri Lanka USAID 632(b) $454,000Financial enforcement TA to Government of Zambia USAID 632(b) $195,000Resident financial enforcement advisor in Peru STATE 632(b) $350,000TA to the Debt Management Office of Nigeria USAID 632(b) $449,475TOTAL $16,698,475

1 MEPI: Middle East Peace Initiative
FISCAL YEAR 2004 BUDGET EXECUTION PLAN

Treasury International Affairs Technical Assistance Program (TIATA)

Fiscal Year 2004 Budget Request

TIAT

A

Type Co-finance Contribution 

Team

Advisor

ASIA AND NEAR EAS

T

Afghanistan Gov't Debt Resident 1,000,000Bangladesh Fin Institutions Resident 200,000 275,000Mongolia Budget Intermittent 250,000Philippines Enforcement Resident 500,000Sri Lanka Budget Resident 500,000

Enforcement Intermittent 500,000Gov't Debt Resident 454,000 150,000

Turkey Fin Institutions Resident 475,000

Tax Intermittent 250,000

EURASI

A

Albania Enforcement Intermittent 500,000Ukraine Enforcement Resident 300,000 200,000LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEA

N

Costa Rica Gov't Debt Intermittent 155,000Ecuador Tax Intermittent 100,000El Salvador Fin Institutions Intermittent 150,000Honduras Tax Resident 250,000 300,000Latin America and Caribbean RegioEnforcement Resident 475,000

Nicaragua Gov't Debt Resident 238,167 225,000

Tax Resident 300,000 300,000

Paraguay Budget Resident 500,000

Enforcement Resident 500,000Gov't Debt Resident 500,000Tax Intermittent 375,000

Peru Enforcement Resident 350,000 200,000
FISCAL YEAR 2004 BUDGET EXECUTION PLAN

Treasury International Affairs Technical Assistance Program (TIATA)

Fiscal Year 2004 Budget Request

TIATA

Type Co-finance Contribution 

Team Advisor

SENIOR AND REGIONAL ADVISORS

S/R Advisors (Washington) Budget 264,706

Gov't Debt 264,706

S/R Advisors (Budapest) Budget 500,000

Enforcement 310,000 190,000

Fin Institutions 235,295

Gov't Debt 500,000

Tax 200,000

Rerional Advisors (Africa) Enforcement 550,000

Regional Advisors (USA) Enforcement 300,000

OTHER

Global AT Enforcement 2,337,900

Global IT Enforcement 250,000

Assessment Missions (EnforcemEnforcement 100,000

Assessment Missions (traditionaEnforcement 38,821

OMB Recission Enforcement 112,100