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# OAR Box 1872 Prepped byKeeia Richards



# Document

Number: 

# 6 ) 11-1-5 5 Docket Number: 

# A-90-1 9

Printed 11/26/20088:51:47

AM Sheet 6 of 204n*vi •wncj-vr i ro r



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## I9M T 

# Methano l Cars Standardize d P. 2



# B yU S Agenc

y Environmenta l Protectio n Agenc y ha s finalize d standard s fo rvehicle s de signe d t o us e methano l a s a n a'" - -aliv e moto rfuel . Th e fina l standard s establis h th e requirement s tha t th e aut o industr y mus t follo wt o certif ymethanol-fuele d vehicle s unde rEPA' s vehicle-emission contro l prop-am . Manufacturer s Intereste d I n producin g methanol-fuele d vehicle s wil l hav e t o com pl ywit h th e newemissio n standard s begin nin g wit h th e 199 1 mode l year . Complianc e i s optiona l fo rth e 199 0 mode l year , th e agenc y say . Th e standard s wil l appl yt o al l vrhicl e classes , includin g passenge rcars , ligh t trucks , heavy-dut yvehiclesanc i motorcycles . Th e newstandard s fo rmethano l vehicle s ar e essentiall yth e sam e a s thos e currentl yi n plac e fo r gasolin e an d diese l vehicles . Th e agenc ytays . however , ther e ar e som e differ ences , wit h Ih e mos t significan t bein g th e treatmen t o forgani c emissions , whic h ar e th e unturne d an d partiall yburne d fue l i n a vehicle' s exhaus t a s wel l a s th e fue l whic h evaporates . Sinc e th e chemica l structur e ofmethano l I s quit e differen t fro m today' s petroleu m fu els , differen t standard s an d emission-mea suremen t procedure s ar e applie d t o meOianol-fuele d vehicles . 

### EP A ESTIMATES FAVOP\BI E EP Aestimate s tha t current-technolog y methano l vehicle s certifie d l o th e newemis sio n standard s coul d produc e u p t o 45 percen t les s ozone-causin g pollutant s tha n curren t petroleum-fuele d vehicles . EPA , however , i s continuin g t o evaluat e th e emission s an d healt h da u fo rformaIdahyd e aa d methano l emission s fro m methanol-fuele d vehicles . Onl yrecentl yhav e aut o companie s begu n t o explor e th e ful l potentia l fo rengine s t o tak e advantag e o fmethanol' s fue l character istic s Do n R . Gay , EP A actin g assistan t ad ministrato rfo rai ran d radiatio n says . "En gine s designe d t o tak e advantag e o f methanol' s hig h octane , hig h flanv. - spee d an d wid e flammabilit ylimit s coul d b e muc h cleane ran d mor e efficien t tha n current technolog ymethano l vehicles . W e projec t tha t futur e advanced-technolog ymethano l vehicle s coul d reduc e th e oton e cause d b y moto rvehicle s betwee n 1 0 percen t an d 9 0 percent " Manufacturer s ar e eipecte d t o b e abl e t o produc e melhannl-fuele d engine s usin g tech nolog yver ysimila rt o today' s gasolin e en gines . Mr . Cla yexplains , "Becaus e methano l ha s a hig h octan e number , octan e enhancer s used l o preven t engin e knoc k i n petroleum fuele d vehicle s wil l not hav e t o be use d i n menthano l vehicles . A s a result , additive s suc h a s lead , ethylen e dibromi O an d ben zene , whic h ar e toxi c pollutant s o fconcer n t o 

# A-90-1 9

IM-5 5

EPA . wil l not be adde d t o methano l fveld. " Agenc ytest a als o sho wtha t particulat e an d nitroge n oiid e emission s fro m methanol fuele d diese l engine s .ir e extremel ylow . Manufacturer s o t diese l engines , facin g mor e stringen t standard * fo r thes e polluUnt ri n th e next fe wyears , coul d meet th e standard s wit h methanol . Ove rth e las t fe wyears . EP A ha s partici pate d as a membe ro

fIh e Whit e House Alter nativ e Fuel s Wor k

Cruu p an d ha s ha d th e responsibilit yt o assess th e ro!' " falterna tiv e fuel s i n meetin g nationa l air-qualit y goals . i n Januar y191* . th e agenc ypuhli.he d a repor t entitle d "Guidanc e o n Estimatin g Mo to rVehicl e Emissio n Reduction s fro m th e Us e ofAllernafiv e Fuel " an d Fue l Blends. " Th e repor t summarize s availabl e informa tio n o n alternativ e furl s an d give s guidanc e t o stat e an d loca l air-qualit yplanner s o n bow theyca n us

e alternativ e fuel s t o lowe rmoto r vehicl e emissions . 

# Dru g Lollipops Dra wCriticis m B yNade rUnit

Aconsume ractivis t grou p calle d o n Foo d & Dru g Administratio n las t wee k t o hal t test s o fextremel ypoten t nar cotic-lace d "lollipops " give n t o childre n befor e surger yo rpainfu l medica l tests . I n a lette rt o FD A commissione rDr . Fran k Young . Publi c Clli.en i Healt h Researc h Grou p criticiKStb e newmetho d ofadminis terin g th e sedativ e dru g tenlany l t o childre n prio rt o genera l anesthesi a o r painfu l diag nosti c procedures , suc h a s takin g bon e mar ro wsamples . Publi c Citixe n say s fenlany l i s abou t 20 0 time s mor e poten t tha n morphin e an d ex presse d fea rtha t th e innocen t loo k ofih e lollipo p for m ofth e dru g coul d lea d medica l staf fl o use i t casuall y Bu t Willia m Moeller . presiden t o fAnesl a Corporation , th e Sal t Lak e City . Uta h fir m tha t make s th e dru g bein g tested , says , "I t isn' t wha t yo u woul d cal l yummy.' ' H e de scribe d th e "ora l transmucosa l fenuny l cit rate " devic e a s a purpl e "rocke t o r nippl e shaped " piec e ofhardened , drug-lace d syru p o n a handle . H e als o sai d fentany l i s th e most widel y use d narcoti c i n anesthesia , bu t becaus e i t i s usuall ygive n intravenously , doctor s fin d i t difficul t t o administe rt o children . Mr . Moelle rsai d th e newdru g device , de velope d a t th e Universit yo f1'ia h Medica l School , i s availabl e onlyt o anesthesiologists , an d suckin g th e dru g "doe s not produc e a hig h o rrush , whic h i s wha t most dru g abuser s see k an d ca n ge t wit h I Vdrugs. " FD Aspokeswoma n Fay e Peterso n sai d fentany l i s alread yapprove d i n it s intra venou s for m fo rpre-surgica l section . "Thi s 

# MEETING S CALENDA R February27,19& 9



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