# Patent

## Title
Methods and systems for centrally managing multiple provisioning servers

## Abstract

A software provisioning environment can include several provisioning server for providing software provisioning. One of the several provisioning server can be configured to be a central provisioning server. The central provisioning server can be configured to maintain the provisioning objects required for the software provisioning. The central provisioning server can be configured to manage the software provisioning supported by additional provisioning servers in the environment. The central provisioning server can be configured to select the provisioning objects to be supported by each additional provisioning server.

## Background
FIELD
This invention relates generally to software provisioning.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
Software provisioning is the process of selecting a target machine, such as a server, loading the appropriate software (operating system, device drivers, middleware, and applications), and customizing and configuring the system and the software to make it ready for operation. Software provisioning can entail a variety of tasks, such as creating or changing a boot image, specifying parameters, e.g. IP address, IP gateway, to find associated network and storage resources, and then starting the machine and its newly-loaded software. Typically, a system administrator will perform these tasks using various tools because of the complexity of these tasks. Unfortunately, there is a lack of provisioning control tools that can adequately integrate and automate these tasks.
Often, large entities, such as corporations, business, and universities, maintain large networks that include numerous systems spread over a wide geographic area. In order to provision software to the dispersed systems, the entities will maintain multiple installer servers located at different locations to support software provisioning. As such, each installer server must be set up and configured with the software that it will provision. Typically, this involves an administrator physically installing and configuring each individual install server. This can be time consuming especially when the install servers are located in different geographic locations. Additionally, each install server must be individually updated once new software or configurations become available. Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide a provisioning environment in which multiple provisioning servers are configured from a central location.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Various features of the embodiments can be more fully appreciated, as the same become better understood with reference to the following detailed description of the embodiments when considered in connection with the accompanying figures, in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates an overall provisioning environment in which various embodiments of the present teachings can be practiced;
FIG. 2 illustrates the overall provisioning environment in which a provisioning server can centrally manage other provisioning servers, according to various embodiments;
FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary hardware configuration for a provisioning server, according to various embodiments; and
FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart for managing provisioning servers, according to various embodiments.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
For simplicity and illustrative purposes, the principles of the present invention are described by referring mainly to exemplary embodiments thereof. However, one of ordinary skill in the art would readily recognize that the same principles are equally applicable to, and can be implemented in, all types of information and systems, and that any such variations do not depart from the true spirit and scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following detailed description, references are made to the accompanying figures, which illustrate specific embodiments. Electrical, mechanical, logical and structural changes may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Embodiments of the present teachings relate to systems and methods for managing provisioning servers in a software provisioning environment. More particularly, a provisioning server can serve as a central provisioning server and manage additional provisioning servers in the software provisioning environment.
In embodiments, a software provisioning environment can include several provisioning servers for providing software provisioning. One of the several provisioning server can be configured to be a central provisioning server. The central provisioning server can be configured to maintain the provisioning objects, such as the software distributions, configuration templates, profiles, and other data, required for the software provisioning.
In embodiments, the central provisioning server can be configured to manage the software provisioning supported by the additional provisioning servers in the environment. In particular, the central provisioning server can be configured to select the provisioning objects to be supported by each additional provisioning server. The central provisioning server can be configured to perform the selection independently, under direction of an administrator of the central provisioning server, and/or in response to request from the additional provisioning servers. Once selected, the central provisioning server can be configured to provide the selected provisioning objects to each additional provisioning server. The central provisioning server can provide the selected provisioning objects via a network connection or by physical media.
In embodiments, the central provisioning server can be configured to perform other management processes. In particular, the central provisioning server can be configured to provide configuration data to the additional provisioning servers. Additionally, the central provisioning server can be configured to update the additional provisioning servers. When the central provisioning server receives an update to the provisioning objects, the central provisioning server can be configured to determine if the update applies to any of the additional provisioning servers and can be configured to provide the applicable updates to the additional provisioning servers. Additionally, the central provisioning server can be configured to track changes made locally to the additional provisioning servers.
In embodiments, in order to track and mange the additional provisioning servers, the central provisioning server can be configured to maintain a record of the additional provisioning servers. The record can include an identification of each additional provisioning server associated with the provisioning objects supported by each additional provisioning server.
By manage the software provisioning environment by a central provisioning server, additional provisioning servers in the environment can be installed, configured, and updated easily and efficiently via the central provisioning server. As such, each provisioning server is not required to be independent installed and configured. This improves the efficiency and effectiveness of the software provisioning environment especially when the provisioning server may be geographically dispersed. Additionally, each additional provisioning server can be specifically tailored to the needs of the provisioning server or provisioning environment.
FIG. 1 illustrates an overall provisioning environment 100, in systems and methods for the execution, management, and monitoring of software provisioning, according to exemplary aspects of the present disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in or supported by the exemplary environment illustrated in FIG. 1. The provisioning environment 100 provides a unified provisioning environment, which comprehensively manages the tasks related to software provisioning.
In particular, the provisioning environment 100 can manage software provisioning using a hierarchy of commands. In exemplary embodiments, the hierarchy can include at least four levels of commands. The lowest level in the hierarchy can comprise distribution commands, which primarily handle base operating system specific tasks of provisioning. The second level can comprise profile commands, which associate a configuration file, such as a kickstart file for Linux or other operating system, with a distribution and optionally allow for customization. The third level comprises system commands, which associate remote systems that are involved with the provisioning of the software. The fourth level comprises repository commands, which address configurations and tasks related to updating the software, remote installation procedures, and optionally customizing the software.
The provisioning environment 100 provides several capabilities and advantages over the known provisioning solutions. For example, the present invention is capable of handling a variety of forms of installations, such as preboot execution environment (“PXE”), virtualization, re-installations, and image installations.
In exemplary aspects, the provisioning environment 100 enables integrating virtualization into a PXE provisioning infrastructure and provides several options to reinstall running machines as well. The provisioning environment 100 can integrate mirroring of package repositories with the provisioning process, so that a provisioning server may serve as a central mirror point of contract for all of an organization's software needs. In aspects, a set of remote mirrored repositories can automatically be used by provisioned systems without additional setup.
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary aspects the provisioning environment 100. The provisioning environment 100 can be applied to provisioning any form of software, such as Windows systems, UNIX systems, and Linux systems. In the exemplary description that follows, FIG. 1 is presented to explain the provisioning environment 100 for provisioning software, such as Linux, and Linux based software, such as Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux by Red Hat, Inc.
In provisioning of software such as Linux, many system administrators use what is known as the “kickstart” installation method. Kickstart files are files that specify the intended configuration of the software being provisioned. Kickstart files can be kept on a server and can be read by individual computers during the installation. This installation method allows the use a single or relatively few standard kickstart files to install Linux on multiple machines, making it ideal for network and system administrators.
The kickstart file can be a simple text file, containing a list of items, each identified by a keyword. In general, a kickstart file can be edited with any text editor or word processor that can save files as ASCII text. One skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention may be applied to non-kickstart files in software provisioning. For example, configuration files such as AutoYAST Answer files used in Novell SuSe Linux and Sun Solaris Jumpstart files may also be used by the provisioning environment 100.
Typically, a kickstart file can be copied to the boot disk, or made available on the network. The network-based approach is most commonly used, as most kickstart installations for software provisioning, such as Linux systems, tend to be performed via a network using NFS, FTP, or HTTP on networked computers. Administrators also find it desirable that kickstart installations can be performed using a local CD-ROM, or a local hard drive.
Using kickstart files, a system administrator can create a single file containing the parameters that are needed to complete a typical software installation. For example, kickstart files specify parameters related to: language selection; mouse configuration; keyboard selection; boot loader installation; disk partitioning; network configuration; NIS, LDAP, Kerberos, Hesiod, and Samba authentication; firewall configuration; and package selection.
According to exemplary aspects illustrated in FIG. 1, the provisioning environment 100 can include a provisioning server 102, a code repository 104 which provides access to distributions 106 and 108, a set of installation templates 110, a set of exception plugins 112, a helper client 114 running on target machines 116 in a network 115, a provisioning database 120 which comprises a distribution tree list 122 and template list 124. Each of these components will now be further described.
The provisioning server (from herein referred to as a “cobbler”) 102 is responsible for: serving as a extensible markup language remote procedure call (XMLRPC) handler; linking to or mirroring install distribution trees and a configuration database; hosting kickstart templates; hosting plugins, generating installation images, and the like. The cobbler server 102 can be implemented as software, such as Python code, installed on a boot server machine and provides a command line interface for configuration of the boot server. In addition, the cobbler server 102 can make itself available as a Python application programming interface (API) for use by higher level management software (not shown). The cobbler server 102 supports provisioning via PXE, image (ISO) installation, virtualization, re-provisioning. As will be described later, the last two modes are performed with the assistance of a helper client 114.
The code repository 104 is responsible for hosting distributions 106 and 108. The code repository 104 may be implemented using well known components of hardware and software. Additionally, the code repository 104 can be include one or more repositories hosting distributions. The distributions 106 and 108 can include bundles of software that is already compiled and configured. The distributions 106 and 108 may be in the form of either rpm, deb, tgz, msi, exe formats, and the like. For example, as Linux distributions, the distributions 106 and 108 are bundles of software that comprise the Linux kernel, the non-kernel parts of the operating system, and assorted other software. The distributions 106 and 108 can take a variety of forms, from fully-featured desktop and server operating systems to minimal environments.
In exemplary aspects, the installation templates 110 are any data structure or processing element that can be combined with a set of installation configurations and processed to produce a resulting configuration file, such as a kickstart file.
In exemplary aspects, exception plugins 112 is software that interacts with cobbler server 102 to customize the provisioning of software. In general, the exceptions plugins 112 are intended to address infrequent customization needs.
In exemplary aspects, the helper client (known as “koan”, which stands for “kickstart-over-a-network”) 114 can assist the cobbler server 102 during the provisioning processes. The koan 114 can allow for both network provisioning of new virtualized guests and destructive provisioning of any existing system. When invoked, the koan 114 can request profile information from a remote boot server that has been configured with the cobbler server 102. In some aspects, what the koan 114 does with the profile data depends on whether it was invoked with -virt or -replace-self.
In exemplary aspects, the koan 114 can enable replacing running systems as well as installing virtualized profiles. The koan 114 can also be pushed out to systems automatically from the boot server. In some aspects, the koan client 114 is also written in Python code to accommodate a variety of operating systems, machine architectures, etc.
In exemplary aspects, the network 115 can include a number of the target machines 116. The target machines 116 can represent the particular machines to which software provisioning is directed. The target machines 116 may represent a wide variety of computing devices, such as personal computers, servers, laptop computers, personal mobile devices, and the like. In some aspects, the target machines 116 can represent distributed computing environments such as cloud computing environments. Although FIG. 1 shows several of the target machines 116, the provisioning environment 100 can be capable of managing a wide range environments, such as datacenters with thousands of machines or server pools with just a few machines. Additionally, the cobbler server 102 can be connected to multiple networks 115.
In exemplary aspects, the provisioning database 120 can serve as a data storage location for holding data used by the cobbler server 102. For example, as shown, the provisioning database 120 can comprise the distribution tree list 122 and the template list 124. The distribution tree list 122 can provide an inventory of the distributions 106 and 108 that are hosted or mirrored by the cobbler server 102. The template list 124 can provide an inventory of the templates 110 that are hosted by the cobbler server 102.
As noted above, the cobbler server 102 can manage provisioning using a hierarchical concept of distribution commands, profile commands, system commands, and repository commands. This framework enables the cobbler server 102 to abstract the differences between multiple provisioning types (installation, reinstallation, and virtualization) and allows installation of all three from a common platform. This hierarchy of commands also permits the cobbler server 102 to integrate software repositories 126 with the provisioning process, thus allowing systems to be configured as a mirror for software updates and third party content as well as distribution content.
Distributions can contain information about base operating system tasks, such as what kernel and initial ramdisk (“initrd”) are used in the provisioning, along with other information, such as required kernel parameters. Profiles associate one of the distributions 106 and 108 with a kickstart file and optionally customize it further, for example, using plugins 112. Systems commands associate a hostname, IP, or MAC with a distribution and optionally customize the profile further. Repositories contain update information, such as yum mirror information that the cobbler server 102 uses to mirror repository 104. The cobbler server 102 can also manage (generate) DHCP configuration files using the templates 110.
In exemplary aspects, the cobbler server 102 can use a provisioning environment that is fully templated, allowing for kickstart and PXE files to be customized by the user. The cobbler server 102 uses the concept of “profiles” as an intermediate step between the operating system and the installed system. A profile is a description of what a system does rather than the software to be installed. For instance, a profile might describe a virtual web server with X amount of RAM, Y amounts of disk space, running a Linux distribution Z, and with an answer file W.
In exemplary aspects, the cobbler server 102 can provide a command line interface to configure a boot server in which it is installed. For example, the format of the cobbler server 102 commands can be generally in the format of: cobbler command [subcommand] [—arg1=][—arg2=]. Thus, a user can specify various aspects of software provisioning via a single interface, such as a command line interface or other known interface. Examples of exemplary cobbler commands can be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/763,315, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US-2008-0288938-A1 and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/763,333, U.S. Patent Publication No. US-2008-288939-A1, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein, in their entirety, by reference.
According to exemplary aspects, a user can use various commands of the provisioning environment 100 to specify distributions and install trees hosted by the code repository 104, such as a distribution from the distributions 106 or 108. A user can add or import a distribution or import it from installation media or an external network location.
According to exemplary aspects, in order to import a distribution, the cobbler server 102 can auto-add distributions and profiles from remote sources, whether this is an installation media (such as a DVD), an NFS path, or an rsync mirror. When importing a rsync mirror, the cobbler server 102 can try to detect the distribution type and automatically assign kickstarts. By default in some embodiments, the cobbler server can provision by erasing the hard drive, setting up eth0 for DHCP, and using a default password. If this is undesirable, an administrator may edit the kickstart files in /etc/cobbler to do something else or change the kickstart setting after the cobbler server 102 creates the profile.
According to exemplary aspects, a user may map profiles to the distributions and map systems to the profiles using profile commands and systems commands of the provisioning environment 100. A profile associates a distribution to additional specialized options, such as a kickstart automation file. In the cobbler server 102, profiles are the unit of provisioning and at least one profile exists for every distribution to be provisioned. A profile might represent, for instance, a web server or desktop configuration.
According to exemplary aspects, a user can map systems to profiles using system commands. Systems commands can assign a piece of hardware with cobbler server 102 to a profile. Systems can be defined by hostname, Internet Protocol (IP) address, or MAC address. When available, use of the MAC address to assign systems can be preferred.
According to exemplary aspects, the user can map repositories and profiles using repository commands. Repository commands can address configurations and tasks related to updating the software, remote installation procedures, and optionally customizing the software. These repository commands can also specify mirroring of the provisioned software to remote servers. Repository mirroring can allow the cobbler server 102 to mirror not only install the trees 106 and 108, but also optional packages, third party content, and updates. Mirroring can be useful for faster, more up-to-date installations and faster updates, or providing software on restricted networks. The cobbler server 102 can also include other administrative features, such as allowing the user to view their provisioning configuration or information tracking the status of a requested software installation.
According to exemplary aspects, a user can utilize commands to create a provisioning infrastructure from a distribution mirror. Then a default PXE configuration is created, so that by default systems will PXE boot into a fully automated install process for that distribution. The distribution mirror can be a network rsync mirror or a mounted DVD location.
According to exemplary aspects, the administrator uses a local kernel and initrd file (already downloaded), and shows how profiles would be created using two different kickstarts—one for a web server configuration and one for a database server. Then, a machine can be assigned to each profile.
According to exemplary aspects, a repo mirror can be set up for two repositories, and create a profile that will auto install those repository configurations on provisioned systems using that profile.
According to exemplary aspects, in addition to normal provisioning, the cobbler server 102 can support yet another option, called “enchant”. Enchant takes a configuration that has already been defined and applies it to a remote system that might not have the remote helper program installed. Users might want to use this command to replace a server that is being repurposed, or when no PXE environment can be created. Thus, the enchant option allows the remote the koan client 114 to be executed remotely from the cobbler server 102.
According to aspects, if the cobbler server 102 is configured to mirror certain repositories, the cobbler server 102 can then be used to associate profiles with those repositories. Systems installed under those profiles can be auto configured to use these repository mirrors in commands and, if supported; these repositories can be leveraged. This can be useful for a large install base, fast installation and upgrades for systems are desired, or software not in a standard repository exists and provisioned systems are desired to know about that repository.
According to exemplary aspects, the cobbler server 102 may also keep track of the status of kickstarting machines. For example, the “cobbler status” will show when the cobbler server 102 thinks a machine started kickstarting and when it last requested a file. This can be a desirable way to track machines that may have gone inactive during kickstarts. The cobbler server 102 can also make a special request in the post section of the kickstart to signal when a machine is finished kickstarting.
According to exemplary aspects, for certain commands, the cobbler server 102 will create new virtualized guests on a machine in accordance to the orders from the cobbler server 102. Once finished, an administrator may use additional commands on the guest or other operations. The cobbler server 102 can automatically name domains based on their MAC addresses. For re-kickstarting, the cobbler server 102 can reprovision the system, deleting any current data and replacing it with the results of a network install.
According to exemplary aspects, the cobbler server 102 can configure boot methods for the provisioning requested by the user. For example, the cobbler server 102 can configure a PXE environment, such as a network card BIOS. Alternatively, the cobbler server 102 can compile and configure information for koan client 104. The cobbler server 102 can also optionally configured DHCP and DNS configuration information.
According to exemplary aspects, the cobbler server 102 can serve the request of the koan client 114. The koan client 114 can acknowledge the service of information of the cobbler server 102 and then can initiate installation of the software being provisioned. Additionally, the koan client 114 can either install the requested software, e.g., replace the existing operating system, or install a virtual machine.
FIG. 2 illustrates aspects of the provisioning environment 100 that allows for managing provisioning servers, according to various embodiments. In embodiments, as shown, the provisioning environment 100 can include a cobbler server 202 and one or more additional cobbler servers 204 for providing software provisioning. One of the several cobbler servers can be configured to be a central cobbler server 202. The central cobbler server 202 can be configured to maintain provisioning objects for the software provisioning environment.
In embodiments, the provisioning objects can include all the data required by a cobbler server to perform the software provisioning processes, such as the process described above, supported by the cobbler server. For example, the provisioning objects can include software distributions; configuration templates (templates for generating configuration files, such as kickstart files); distribution profile information (mapping a distribution to profile; a configuration template or a configuration file, and additional preferences, such as kernel options, template variables, or virtual machine settings); target machine information (information representing the mapping of a physical piece of hardware, plus hardware specific customizations, to a profile that it should run); repos information (information representing external or internal software repositories stored on the cobbler server); images (such as distributions representing an undefined executable image (like “memtest”); a virtual machine to be cloned, or an ISO file for use in installing a virtual machine); and the like.
In embodiments, the cobbler servers 202, 204 can be located across one or more networks that can be geographically dispersed. For example, one or more of the provisioning servers 202, 204 can be located in separate local area networks which may be connected by a wide area network. Likewise, the cobbler servers 202, 204 can be all located in a local area network. While FIG. 2 illustrates the cobbler server 102 being configured as the central cobbler server 202, any of the cobbler servers 204 can be configured as the central cobbler server. For example, a cobbler server can be configured as the central cobbler server based on its network location, geographic location, specifications of the systems supporting the cobbler server, and the like.
In embodiments, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to manage the software provisioning supported by the additional cobbler servers 204 in the environment 100. In particular, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to select the particular provisioning objects to be supported by each additional cobbler server 204. The central cobbler server 202 can be configured to perform the selection independently, under direction of an administrator of the central cobbler server 202, and/or in response to requests from the additional cobbler servers 204.
In embodiments, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to select the provisioning objects to be supported by each additional cobbler server 204 based on the needs or requirements of that particular cobbler server 204. For each additional cobbler server 204, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to select all the provisioning objects or only a portion of the provisioning objects that meets the needs or requirements of a particular cobbler server 204. As such, the additional cobbler servers 204 can include different portions of the provisioning objects depending on the needs or requirements of a particular cobbler server 204. For example, a particular cobbler server 204 may only provide software provisioning processes for network servers. As such, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to select only those provisioning objects, such as software distributions, configuration templates, and/or profiles, necessary for network servers.
In embodiments, once selected, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to provide the selected provisioning objects 206 to each additional provisioning server 202. The central cobbler server 202 can provide the selected provisioning objects 206 via a network connection. Likewise, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to provide the selected provisioning objects 206 by physical media such as digital versatile disk, compact disk, portable storage drive, or other media.
In embodiments, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to provide all of the selected provisioning objects 206 to a particular additional cobbler server 204. Likewise, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to provide only a portion of the selected provisioning objects 206 needed by a particular additional cobbler server 204. For example, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to provide only the configuration templates and profiles. As such, the additional cobbler server 202 can retrieve the software distributions associated with the profiles and configuration templates, when necessary, from the central cobbler server 202 or other cobbler servers.
In embodiments, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to perform other management processes. In particular, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to provide configuration data to the additional cobbler servers 204. For example, the configuration data can include any data necessary for the additional cobbler server 204 to perform the software provisioning processes such as network parameters of the networks supported by the cobbler server, identification and specifications of target machines served by the cobbler server 204, identification of other cobbler servers, and the like.
In embodiments, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to update the additional cobbler servers 202. When the central cobbler server 202 receives an update to the provisioning objects, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to determine if the update applies to any of the additional cobbler servers 202. The central cobbler server 202 can be configured to provide the applicable updates to the additional cobbler servers 202. For example, a profile or configuration template can be modified by the central cobbler server 202. In response, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to determine if the modified profile or configuration template is utilized by any additional cobbler servers 204. If so, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to provide the updated profiles or templates to the applicable additional cobbler server 204.
Additionally, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to track changes made locally to the additional cobbler servers 204. The central cobbler server 202 can be configured to track changes to the provisioning objects of the additional cobbler servers 204. The central cobbler server 202 can be configured to record any changes made locally to the additional cobbler servers 204. For example, a profile or configuration template can be modified on a particular additional cobbler server 204. As such, the central cobbler server 202 can determine the changes to the appropriate profile or configuration template and record the changes, for example, by creating a new profile or configuration template or modifying the appropriate profile or configuration template.
In embodiments, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to track the local changes by monitoring the additional cobbler servers 204. Likewise, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to track the local changes by receiving notification of changes from the additional cobbler servers 204.
In embodiments, in order to track and mange the additional cobbler servers 204, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to maintain a record 208 of the additional cobbler servers 204. The record 208 can include an identification of each additional cobbler server 204 (server name, geographic and network location, etc.) associated with the provisioning objects supported by each additional cobbler server 204. The central cobbler server 202 can be configured to maintain the record 208 in a repository, such as database 120. Additionally, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to update record 208 in the event changes occur in the additional cobbler servers 204, for example, changes in the provisioning objects.
FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary diagram of hardware and other resources that can be incorporated in the cobbler server 102 configured to communicate with the network 115 and the target machines 116 in network 115, according to embodiments. In embodiments as shown, the cobbler server 102 can comprise a processor 300 communicating with memory 302, such as electronic random access memory, operating under control of or in conjunction with operating system 306. Operating system 306 can be, for example, a distribution of the LinuxTM operating system, the UnixTM operating system, or other open-source or proprietary operating system or platform. Processor 300 also communicates with the provisioning database 120, such as a database stored on a local hard drive. While illustrated as a local database in the cobbler server 102, the provisioning database 120 can be separate from the cobbler server 102 and the cobbler server 102 can be configured to communicate with the remote provisioning database 120.
Processor 300 farther communicates with network interface 304, such as an Ethernet or wireless data connection, which in turn communicates with one or more networks 115, such as the Internet or other public or private networks. Processor 300 also communicates with the memory 302, the network interface 304, and the provisioning database 120 to execute control logic and perform the management processes described above. Other configurations of the cobbler server 102, associated network connections, and other hardware and software resources are possible.
While FIG. 3 illustrates the cobbler server 102 as a standalone system comprising a combination of hardware and software, the cobbler server 102 can also be implemented as a software application or program capable of being executed by a convention computer platform and stored in any type of conventional non-transitory computer readable medium, for example, a hard disk drive. Likewise, the cobbler server 102 can also be implemented as a software module or program module capable of being incorporated in other software applications and programs. In either case, the cobbler server 102 can be implemented in any type of conventional proprietary or open-source computer language.
FIG. 4 illustrates a flow diagram of overall monitoring of provisioning processes in the provisioning environment 100, according to embodiments of the present teachings. In 402, the process can begin. In 404, the central cobbler server 202 can maintain the provisioning objects for the software provisioning environment. The provisioning objects can include all the data required by a cobbler server to perform the software provisioning processes, such as the process described above, supported by the cobbler server.
In 406, the central cobbler server 202 can select the provisioning objects to be supported by additional cobbler servers 204. For example, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to select the provisioning objects to be supported by each additional cobbler server 204 based on the needs or requirements of that particular cobbler server 204.
In 408, the central cobbler server 202 can provide the selected provisioning objects to the additional cobbler servers 204. For example, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to provide all of the selected provisioning objects 206 to a particular additional cobbler server 204. Likewise, the central cobbler server 202 can be configured to provide only a portion of the selected provisioning objects 206 needed by a particular additional cobbler server 204.
In 410, the process can end, but the process can return to any point and repeat.
While the invention has been described with reference to the exemplary embodiments thereof those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications to the described embodiments without departing from the true spirit and scope. The terms and descriptions used herein are set forth by way of illustration only and are not meant as limitations. In particular, although the method has been described by examples, the steps of the method may be performed in a different order than illustrated or simultaneously. Those skilled in the art will recognize that these and other variations are possible within the spirit and scope as defined in the following claims and their equivalents.

## Claims

1. A method of managing a software provisioning environment, comprising:
storing, in a first provisioning server, a set of one or more profiles that each define a function to be performed by a computing system and a set of provisioning objects for the software provisioning environment, wherein the first provisioning server is a central provisioning server configured to centrally manage a plurality of provisioning servers, wherein the set of provisioning objects comprise a set of software distributions, a set of one or more configuration templates for configuration file generation, a set of one or more configuration files, and a set of one or more distribution profiles that maps the set of profiles to the set of software distributions, wherein the plurality of provisioning servers are not previously installed and configured to provision one or more computing systems with the set of provisioning objects;
receiving, by the first provisioning server, input selecting one of the set of profiles, the selected profile defining a function to be performed by a computing system that is to be provisioned by one or more provisioning servers without identifying any specific software to be installed at the computing system, wherein the software distribution comprises a collection of software to be installed on the computing system by the one or more provisioning servers;
independently selecting, by the first provisioning server, two or more provisioning objects from the set of provisioning objects to be supported by the one or more of the plurality of provisioning servers based on the selected profile;
providing the selected provisioning objects to the one or more provisioning servers to complete a software installation on the one or more computing systems;
receiving an update to one of the set of provisioning objects;
determining, by the first provisioning server, whether the update applies to any of the plurality of provisioning servers; and
providing the update to the provisioning servers to which the update applies.

2. The method of claim 1, the method further comprising:
selecting the software distribution based on the profile; and
selecting configuration template associated with the profile.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing the selected provisioning objects to an additional provisioning server.

4. The method of claim 3, providing the selected profile to the additional provisioning server.

5. The method of claim 3, further comprising maintaining a record of the selected provisioning objects provided to the one or more provisioning servers and the additional provisioning server.

6. A system for managing a software provisioning environment, comprising:
a network interface to a network comprising a provisioning server; and
a central provisioning server comprising a processor, communicating with the network interface, wherein the first provisioning server is a central provisioning server configured to centrally manage a plurality of provisioning servers that are configured to provision one or more computing systems with one or more of the set of software distributions, and wherein the plurality of provisioning servers are not previously installed and configured to provision one or more computing systems with the set of provisioning objects, and wherein the processor is configured to
maintain a set of one or more provisioning objects for the software provisioning environment, wherein the set of provisioning objects comprise a set of software distributions for the software provisioning environment, a set of one or more configuration templates for configuration file generation, a set of one or more configuration files, and a set of one or more distribution profiles that maps the set of profiles to the set of software distributions;
receiving, by the first provisioning server, input selecting one of the set of profiles, the selected profile defining a function to be performed by a computing system that is to be provisioned by one or more provisioning servers without identifying any specific software to be installed at the computing system, wherein the software distribution comprises a collection of software to be installed on the computing system by the one or more provisioning servers;
independently two or more provisioning objects from the set of provisioning objects to be supported by the one or more of the plurality of provisioning servers based on the selected profile; and
provide the software distribution selected provisioning objects to the one or more provisioning servers to complete a software installation on the one or more computing systems;
receive an update to one of the set of provisioning objects;
determine whether the update applies to any of the plurality of provisioning servers; and
provide the update to the provisioning servers to which the update applies.

7. The method of claim 6, the method further comprising:
selecting the software distribution based on the profile; and
selecting configuration template associated with the profile.

8. The system of claim 6, wherein the processor is further configured to provide the selected provisioning objects to an additional provisioning server.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to provide the selected profile to the additional provisioning server.

10. The system of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to maintain a record of the selected provisioning objects provided to the one or more provisioning servers and the additional provisioning server.

11. A method of managing a software provisioning environment, comprising:
receiving, from a first provisioning server, a profile to be associated with a second provisioning server, wherein the profile specifies a software distribution to be provisioned by the second provisioning server on one or more computing systems, wherein the first provisioning server is a central provisioning server configured to centrally manage a plurality of provisioning servers that are configured to provision one or more computing systems with one or more software distributions, wherein the second provisioning server is not previously installed and configured to provision the one or more computing systems with the software distribution;
receiving, in the second provisioning server comprising a processor, a request for the software distribution, specified by the profile, to be installed on a computer system, the profile defining a function to be performed by the computer system without identifying any specific software to be installed at the computer system;
obtaining, by the second provisioning server, the software distribution from the first provisioning server; and
provisioning, by the second provisioning server, the software distribution on the computing system.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising receiving an update that applies to the software distribution supported by the second provisioning server.