# United States Court of Appeals

For the Seventh Circuit

Chicago, Illinois 60604

Submitted July 30, 2019 *

Decided July 30, 2019

Before

ILANA DIAMOND ROVNER, Circuit Judge

DAVID F. HAMILTON, Circuit Judge

MICHAEL B. BRENNAN, Circuit Judge

No. 19

‐ 1635

IN RE: CHERRON M. PHILLIPS,

Appellant

. Appeal from the United States District

Court for the Northern District of Illinois,

Eastern Division.

No. 11 CV 0776

Rubén Castillo,

J udge

.

O R D E R

This is the second time this year that Cherron Phillips seeks review of an order

restricting her filings and access to the courthouse. See In re Phillips, 18

‐ 2164 (7th Cir.

May 10, 2019). To summarize, in 2011 the Executive Committee for the Northern

District of Illinois responded to Phillips’s disruptive courtroom behavior in two ways.

First, it limited her presence in the federal courthouse in Chicago: she may enter “no

* We have agreed to decide the case without oral argument because the brief and

record adequately present the facts and legal arguments, and oral argument would not

significantly aid the court. F ED

. R. A PP

. P. 34(a)(2)(C). NONPRECEDENTIAL DISPOSITION

To be cited onl y in accordance with Fed. R. A pp

. P. 32.1No. 19

‐ 1635 Page 2

earlier than fifteen (15) minutes before” proceedings in her cases begin, and she must

report to the lobby desk, be accompanied by a U.S. Marshal, and leave “no later than

five (5) minutes” after her proceedings conclude. Second, it “enjoined her from filing

any new civil action” or “filing documents” without leave of the Committee. The order

allowed Phillips to seek its rescission after six months. In 2017, her filing misconduct

had not abated, so the Committee denied her motion to rescind the restrictions, and we

affirmed. See id. Two years later, she again moved to rescind the restrictions, and the

Committee denied that request as well. She now appeals that decision.

As a preliminary matter, we note that we have jurisdiction over only part of this

appeal. The Executive Committee can issue two types of orders: judicial and

administrative. In re Chapman

, 328 F.3d 903, 904 (7th Cir. 2003); In re Palmisano

, 70 F.3d

483, 484–85 (7th Cir. 1995). We have jurisdiction over appeals from judicial actions

(i.e., filing restrictions), not administrative actions (i.e., requiring a U.S. Marshal escort

in the courthouse), which are reviewable only by this circuit’s Judicial Council.

See Chapman

, 328 F.3d at 904. The order limiting Phillips’s time in the courthouse and

requiring the marshal escort is administrative. See In re Long

, 475 F.3d 880, 880–81

(7th Cir. 2007). Thus, we have jurisdiction over only the filing restrictions. See Chapman

,

328 F.3d at 904.

As she did in her last appeal, in asking us to rescind the restrictions, Phillips

argues that the Committee’s 2011 order is invalid. She seizes on a sentence in our earlier

decision that called the Executive Committee’s action “an injunction designed to

preserve judicial resources.” Phillips

, No. 18

‐ 2164. Citing Rule 65(a) of the Federal Rules

of Civil Procedure, she contends that the Committee violated her due process rights by

entering this injunction without giving her proper notice or a hearing.

But the Committee respected Phillips’s procedural rights in issuing the original

order. “Due Process does not, of course, require that the defendant in every civil case

actually have a hearing on the merits.” Boddie v. Connecticut

, 401 U.S. 371, 378 (1971).

The Committee’s order does not deprive Phillips of life, liberty, or property, nor does it

bar the courthouse door to her; without such deprivation, there is no due process

violation. See Chapman

, 328 F.3d at 905; In re Davis

, 878 F.2d 211, 212–13 (7th Cir. 1989).

And Rule 65(a) does not apply. It requires notice and a hearing only if a court enters a

preliminary injunction in a civil action, see F ED

. R. C IV

. P. 1, which this proceeding is not.No. 19

‐ 1635 Page 3

The Committee’s order denying the motion to rescind was substantively proper.

Courts have ample authority to curb abusive and repetitive litigation by imposing filing

restrictions, so long as the restrictions are narrowly tailored to the nature and type of

abuse. See In re Anderson, 511 U.S. 364, 365–66 (1994). The Executive Committee’s filing

restriction does not preclude or unduly burden Phillips from submitting new,

nonfrivolous filings. See Davis

, 878 F.2d at 213. It requires merely that the Clerk’s Office

screen her new civil filings. And it allows her to defend herself in criminal actions, file a

habeas corpus petition or other extraordinary writ, or appeal to this court or the

Supreme Court of the United States. See

, e.g., Chapman, 328 F.3d at 905–06; Support Sys.

Int ʹ l, Inc. v. Mack

, 45 F.3d 185, 186 (7th Cir. 1995). Given Phillips’s past litigation history,

her misconduct after the Executive Committee’s 2011 order, see Phillips, 18

‐ 2164, and the

absence of any assurance that her misconduct will stop, we see no flaw with the

Committee’s 2019 decision to reject Philips’s motion to lift these filing restrictions.

We conclude by noting that Phillips has now twice challenged denials of motions

to lift the filing restrictions by contesting only the validity of the Committee’s original

2011 order. We now warn Phillips not to re

‐ raise arguments about matters that we have

already decided against her (or that she should have raised earlier). See In re City of

Chicago

, 500 F.3d 582, 585 (7th Cir. 2007); Mack

, 45 F.3d at 186–87.

AFFIRMED