Exhibit 10.3


 


THIS IS THE FORM OF TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT THAT IS INTENDED TO BE ENTERED

INTO BETWEEN IDT CORPORATION AND RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC., TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON

CONSUMMATION OF THE SPIN-OFF


 


TAX
SEPARATION AGREEMENT


 


 


This
TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is dated as of February [__], 2018, by and between IDT Corporation, a
Delaware corporation (“IDT”), and Rafael Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Rafael”); and together
with IDT, the “Parties, and each individually, a “Party”).


 


WHEREAS,
as of the date hereof, IDT is the common parent of an affiliated group of domestic corporations within the meaning of Section
1504(a) of the Code, and the members of the affiliated group have heretofore joined in filing consolidated federal income Tax
returns (the “Affiliated Group”);


 


WHEREAS,
IDT intends to effect a spinoff of Rafael whereby IDT will distribute to the holders of IDT Common Stock of all of the outstanding
shares of Rafael Common Stock held by IDT at the rate of (i) one (1) share of Rafael Class A Common Stock for every two (2) shares
of IDT Class A Common Stock and (ii) one (1) share of Rafael Class B Common Stock for every two (2) shares of IDT Class B Common
Stock, each outstanding as of the Record Date (the “Spinoff ”);


 


WHEREAS,
for United States federal income tax purposes, it is intended that the Spinoff will qualify as tax-free under Section 355 of the
Code; and


 


WHEREAS,
as a result of the Spinoff, the Parties desire to enter into this Tax Separation Agreement to provide for certain Tax matters,
including the assignment of responsibility for the preparation and filing of Tax Returns, the payment of and indemnification for
Taxes, entitlement to refunds of Taxes, and the prosecution and defense of any Tax controversies.


 


NOW,
THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements, provisions and covenants contained in this Agreement, the Parties hereby
agree as follows:


 


ARTICLE
I. DEFINITIONS


 


SECTION
1.1. General. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not defined herein shall have the meanings that such terms have in
the Separation and Distribution Agreement between the Parties of even date herewith. As used in this Agreement, the following
terms shall have the following meanings:


 


“Affiliated
Group” shall have the meaning specified in the preamble.


 


“Agreement”
shall have the meaning specified in the preamble.


 


“Business
Day” shall mean a day which is not a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which banks in New York City are authorized or required
by law to close.


 






    	 	1	 



     


    

 


THIS IS THE FORM OF TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT THAT IS INTENDED TO BE ENTERED

INTO BETWEEN IDT CORPORATION AND RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC., TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON

CONSUMMATION OF THE SPIN-OFF


 


“Closing
of the Books Method” shall mean the apportionment of items between portions of a taxable period based on a closing of the
books and records on the Distribution Date (as if the Distribution Date was the end of the taxable period), provided that any
items not susceptible to such apportionment (such as real or personal property taxes imposed on a periodic basis) shall be apportioned
on the basis of elapsed days during the relevant portion of the taxable period.


 


“Code”
shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.


 


“Combined
Group” shall mean a combined, unitary, or consolidated tax group that includes IDT or any of its subsidiaries, not including
Rafael or any of its subsidiaries.


 


“Consolidated
Return” shall mean any Tax Return relating to Income Taxes filed pursuant to Section 1502 of the Code, or any comparable
combined, consolidated, or unitary group Tax Return relating to Income Taxes filed under state or local tax law which, in each
case, includes IDT and at least one subsidiary.


 


“Final
Determination” shall mean the final resolution of liability for any Tax for any taxable period, including any related interest
or penalties, by or as a result of: (i) a final and unappealable decision, judgment, decree or other order by any court of competent
jurisdiction; (ii) a closing agreement or accepted offer in compromise under Section 7121 or 7122 of the Code, or comparable agreement
under the laws of other jurisdictions which resolves the entire Tax liability for any taxable period; or (iii) any allowance of
a refund or credit in respect of an overpayment of Tax, but only after the expiration of all periods during which such refund
may be recovered by the jurisdiction imposing the Tax.


 


“IDT”
shall have the meaning specified in the preamble.


 


“IDT
Class A Common Stock” means the outstanding shares of Class A common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of IDT.


 


“IDT
Class B Common Stock” means the outstanding shares of Class B common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of IDT.


 


“IDT
Common Stock” means the IDT Class A Common Stock and the IDT Class B Common Stock.


 


“Income
Tax” shall mean any income, franchise or similar Taxes imposed on (or measured by) net income or net profits.


 


“Income
Tax Returns” shall mean all Tax Returns relating to Income Taxes.


 


“Indemnification
Tax Benefit” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.4(b).


 


“Indemnified
Tax” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.4(b).


 






    	 	2	 



     


    

 


THIS IS THE FORM OF TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT THAT IS INTENDED TO BE ENTERED

INTO BETWEEN IDT CORPORATION AND RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC., TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON

CONSUMMATION OF THE SPIN-OFF


 


“IRS”
shall mean the Internal Revenue Service.


 


“Other
Tax” shall mean any Tax other than an Income Tax.


 


“Payment
Period” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.4(c).


 


“Proceeding”
shall mean any audit, examination or other proceeding brought by a Taxing Authority with respect to Taxes.


 


“Rafael”
shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble.


 


“Rafael
Class A Common Stock” means the outstanding shares of Class A common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of Rafael.


 


“Rafael
Class B Common Stock” means the outstanding shares of Class B common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of Rafael.


 


“Rafael
Common Stock” means the Rafael Class A Common Stock and the Rafael Class B Common Stock.


 


“Refund”
shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.2.


 


“Retained
Liabilities” shall have the meaning specified in the Separation Agreement.


 


“Retained
Liability Payment” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.5.


 


“Retained
Liability Tax Benefit” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.5.


 


“Spinoff
Taxes” shall mean all Taxes attributable to the failure of the Spinoff to have tax free status.


 


“Straddle
Period” shall mean any taxable period commencing prior to, and ending after, the Distribution Date.


 


“Tax”
or “Taxes” shall mean any federal, state, local or foreign income, gross receipts, property, sales, use, license,
excise, franchise, employment, payroll, withholding, alternative or add on minimum, ad valorem, transfer or excise tax, or any
other tax, custom, duty, governmental fee or other like assessment or charge of any kind whatsoever, together with any interest
or penalty, imposed by any Taxing Authority.


 


“Tax
Returns” shall mean all reports or returns (including information returns and amended returns) required to be filed or that
may be filed for any period with any Taxing Authority in connection with any Tax or Taxes (whether domestic or foreign).


 






    	 	3	 



     


    

 


THIS IS THE FORM OF TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT THAT IS INTENDED TO BE ENTERED

INTO BETWEEN IDT CORPORATION AND RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC., TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON

CONSUMMATION OF THE SPIN-OFF


 


“Taxing
Authority” shall mean any governmental authority (whether United States or non-United States, and including, any state,
municipality, political subdivision or governmental agency) responsible for the imposition of any Tax.


 


SECTION
1.2. References; Interpretation. References in this Agreement to any gender include references to all genders, and references
to the singular include references to the plural and vice versa. The words “include,” “includes” and “including”
when used in this Agreement shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation.” Unless the context
otherwise requires, references in this Agreement to Articles, Sections, Exhibits and Schedules shall be deemed references to Articles
and Sections of, and Exhibits and Schedules to, such Agreement. Unless the context otherwise requires, the words “hereof,”
“hereby” and “herein” and words of similar meaning when used in this Agreement refer to this Agreement
in its entirety and not to any particular Article, Section or provision of this Agreement.


 


ARTICLE
II. ALLOCATION OF TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES


 


SECTION
2.1. Indemnity.


 


(a)
IDT shall indemnify Rafael from all liability for Taxes of any member of the Affiliated Group or any Combined Group, other
than Rafael or any of its subsidiaries, for any taxable period.


 


(b)
Rafael shall indemnify IDT from all liability for Taxes of Rafael or its subsidiaries or relating to the Rafael Business for
any taxable period.


 


(c)
In no event shall Rafael be liable to IDT for any Spinoff Taxes.


 


(d)
In no event shall IDT have any responsibility for Taxes or penalties for any entity in which Rafael holds a direct or
indirect interest as of the Distribution Date that was not included in the Affiliated Group or IDT Combined Group prior to
the Distribution Date.


 


SECTION
2.2. Refunds.


 


(a)
Subject to Section 3.5, if a Party receives a refund, offset, credit, or other benefit (including interest received thereon)
(a “Refund”) of Tax which the other Party would have been obligated to indemnify had the Refund been a payment,
then the Party receiving the Refund shall promptly pay the amount of the Refund to the other Party, less reasonable costs and
expenses incurred in connection with such Refund, including any Taxes on such Refund or interest thereon (net of any tax
benefit actually realized for paying over such Refund).


 


(b)
Each Party shall, if reasonably requested by the other Party, cause the relevant entity to file for and use its reasonable
best efforts to obtain and expedite the receipt of any Refund to which such requesting Party is entitled under this Section
2.2.


 






    	 	4	 



     


    

 


THIS IS THE FORM OF TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT THAT IS INTENDED TO BE ENTERED

INTO BETWEEN IDT CORPORATION AND RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC., TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON

CONSUMMATION OF THE SPIN-OFF


 


SECTION
2.3. Contests.


 


(a)
In the case of any Proceeding that relates to Taxes for which IDT is responsible under Section 2.1, IDT shall have the right
to control, in its sole discretion, the conduct of such Proceeding. Subject to the foregoing, Rafael shall have the right to
participate jointly, at its own expense, in any Proceeding if the consequences of the resolution of such Proceeding could
reasonably be expected to affect the tax liability of Rafael for any tax period to the extent such tax liability of Rafael is
not subject to an indemnification by IDT hereunder.


 


(b)
In the case of any Proceeding that relates to Taxes for which Rafael is responsible under Section 2.1, Rafael
shall have the sole right to control the conduct of such Proceeding. Subject to the foregoing, IDT shall have the right
to participate jointly, at its own expense, in any Proceeding if the consequences of the resolution of such Proceeding
could reasonably be expected to affect the tax liability of IDT for any tax period to the extent such tax liability of IDT is
not subject to an indemnification by Rafael hereunder.


 


(c)
In the case of any Proceeding that relates to Taxes that are both the responsibility of IDT and Rafael under
Section 2.1, the parties shall use reasonable efforts to cause such Proceeding to be bifurcated between the period ending on
the Distribution Date and the period beginning after the Distribution Date. If the parties are able to cause the audit to be
so bifurcated, then Sections 2.3(a) and (b) shall govern the control of such Proceedings. To the extent that the parties
are unable to cause such bifurcation, IDT and Rafael shall jointly control such Proceeding.


 


(d)
After the Distribution Date, each Party shall within 15 days notify the other Party in writing upon receipt of written notice
of the commencement of any Proceeding or of any demand or claim upon it, which, if determined adversely, would be grounds for
indemnification from such other Party pursuant to Section 2.1 or could reasonably be expected to have an adverse Tax effect
on the other Party. The failure of one Party to forward such notification in accordance with the immediately preceding
sentence shall not relieve the other Party of any obligation under this Agreement, except to the extent that the failure to
forward such notification within the time frame prescribed herein actually prejudices the ability of the other Party to
contest such Proceeding. Each Party shall, on a timely basis, keep the other Party informed of all developments in the
Proceeding and provide such other Party with copies of all pleadings, briefs, orders, and other correspondence pertaining
thereto.


 


SECTION
2.4. Treatment of Payments; After Tax Basis.


 


(a)
IDT and Rafael agree to treat any indemnification payments (other than payments of interest pursuant to Section 2.4(c))
pursuant to this Agreement, including any payments made pursuant to Section 2.5, as either a capital contribution or a
distribution, as the case may be, between IDT and Rafael occurring immediately prior to the Distribution, and to challenge in
good faith any other characterization of such payments by any Taxing Authority. If, notwithstanding such good faith efforts,
the receipt or accrual of any such payment (other than payments of interest pursuant to Section 2.4(c)) results in taxable
income to the indemnified Party, such payment shall be increased so that, after the payment of any Taxes with respect to the
payment, the indemnified Party shall have realized the same net amount it would have realized had the payment not resulted in
taxable income.


 






    	 	5	 



     


    

 


THIS IS THE FORM OF TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT THAT IS INTENDED TO BE ENTERED

INTO BETWEEN IDT CORPORATION AND RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC., TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON

CONSUMMATION OF THE SPIN-OFF


 


(b)
To the extent that any liability for Taxes that is subject to indemnification under Section 2.1 (an “Indemnified
Tax”) gives rise to an Indemnification Tax Benefit to the indemnified Party in any taxable period, the indemnified
Party will promptly remit to the indemnifying Party the amount of any such Indemnification Tax Benefit actually realized. For
purposes of this Agreement, “ Indemnification Tax Benefit ” means a reduction in the amount of Taxes that are
required to be paid or increase in refund due, whether resulting from a deduction, from reduced gain or increased loss from
disposition of an asset, or otherwise. For purposes of this Agreement, an indemnified Party will be deemed to have actually
realized an Indemnification Tax Benefit at the time the amount of Taxes such indemnified Party is required to pay is reduced
or the amount of any refund due is increased. The amount of any Indemnification Tax Benefit in this Section 2.4(b) shall be
calculated by comparing (i) the indemnified Party’s actual Tax liability taking into account any Indemnified Tax with
(ii) what the indemnified Party’s Tax liability would have been without taking into account any Indemnified Tax. If,
pursuant to this Agreement, the indemnified Party makes a remittance to the indemnifying Party of any Indemnification Tax
Benefit and all or part of such Indemnification Tax Benefit is subsequently disallowed, the indemnifying Party will promptly
pay to the indemnified Party that portion of such remittance equal to the portion of the Indemnification Tax Benefit that is
disallowed.


 


(c)
Payments made pursuant to this Agreement that are not made within the period prescribed in this Agreement or, if no period is
prescribed, within thirty (30) days after demand for payment is made (the “Payment Period”) shall bear interest
for the period from and including the date immediately following the last date of the Payment Period through and including
the date of payment at a rate equal to the monthly average of the “prime rate” as published in the Wall Street
Journal, compounded semi-annually. Such interest will be payable at the same time as the payment to which it relates and
shall be calculated on the basis of a year of 365 days and the actual number of days for which due; provided, however, that
this provision for interest shall not be construed to give the Party responsible for such payment the right to defer payment
beyond the due date hereunder.


 


SECTION
2.5. Retained Liabilities. To the extent that any payments made by IDT in respect of the Retained Liabilities (a “Retained
Liability Payment”) gives rise to a Retained Liability Tax Benefit to Rafael in any taxable period, Rafael will promptly
remit to IDT the amount of any such Retained Liability Tax Benefit actually realized. For purposes of this Agreement, “Retained
Liability Tax Benefit” means a reduction in the amount of Taxes that are required to be paid or increase in refund due,
whether resulting from a deduction, credit, increased basis, or otherwise. For purposes of this Agreement, Rafael will be deemed
to have actually realized a Retained Liability Tax Benefit at the time the amount of Taxes Rafael is required to pay is reduced
or the amount of any refund due is increased. The amount of any Retained Liability Tax Benefit in this Section 2.5 shall be calculated
by comparing (i) Rafael’s actual Tax liability taking into account any Retained Liability Payment with (ii) what Rafael’s
Tax liability would have been without taking into account any Retained Liability Payment. If, pursuant to this Agreement, Rafael
makes a remittance to IDT of any Retained Liability Tax Benefit and all or part of such Retained Liability Tax Benefit is subsequently
disallowed, IDT will promptly pay to Rafael that portion of such remittance equal to the portion of the Retained Liability Tax
Benefit that is disallowed.


 






    	 	6	 



     


    

 


THIS IS THE FORM OF TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT THAT IS INTENDED TO BE ENTERED

INTO BETWEEN IDT CORPORATION AND RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC., TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON

CONSUMMATION OF THE SPIN-OFF


 


SECTION
2.6. Transfer Taxes. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, IDT shall bear any and all stamp, duty, transfer, sales
and use or similar Taxes incurred in connection with the Spinoff or the Distribution.


 


SECTION
2.7 Tax Assets. All tax assets, including operating losses, capital losses and credits, attributed to Rafael’s assets or
operations, in existence as of the effective date of the Spinoff shall remain with Rafael for Rafael to utilize in its discretion
and in accordance with the terms hereof. IDT shall not have right or access to any such tax assets, and Rafael shall not have
any right or access to any tax assets of IDT or any other member of IDT’s Affiliated Group (other than Rafael and its subsidiaries.


 


Nothing
in this Agreement shall impact the ownership or use of tax assets held by entities in which Rafael holds a direct or indirect
interest as of the Distribution Date.


 


ARTICLE
III. RETURNS AND TAXES ATTRIBUTABLE TO RAFAEL


 


SECTION
3.1. IDT’s Responsibility for the Preparation of Tax Returns and for the Payment of Taxes.


 


(a)
IDT shall prepare and file or cause to be prepared and filed all Tax Returns of Rafael or any of its subsidiaries or relating
to the Rafael Business that are due on or before the Distribution Date (taking into account any valid extensions thereof),
all Income Tax Returns relating to taxable periods ending on or before the Distribution Date and all Income Tax Returns of
the Affiliated Group or any Combined Group.


 


(b)
To the extent that Rafael or any of its subsidiaries or the Rafael Business is included in any Consolidated Return for a
taxable period that includes the Distribution Date, IDT shall include in such Consolidated Return the results of Rafael and
the Rafael Business on the basis of the Closing of the Books Method. To the extent permitted by law or administrative
practice with respect to other Income Tax Returns, the taxable period relating to Rafael or the Rafael Business shall be
treated as ending on the Distribution Date, and if the taxable period does not, in fact, end on the Distribution Date, the
Parties shall apportion all tax items between the portions of the taxable period before and after the Distribution Date on
the Closing of the Books Method.


 






    	 	7	 



     


    

 


THIS IS THE FORM OF TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT THAT IS INTENDED TO BE ENTERED

INTO BETWEEN IDT CORPORATION AND RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC., TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON

CONSUMMATION OF THE SPIN-OFF


 


SECTION
3.2. Rafael’s Responsibility for the Preparation of Tax Returns and for the Payment of Taxes. Rafael shall prepare and file
or cause to be prepared and filed all Tax Returns relating to Other Taxes of Rafael or any of its subsidiaries or the Rafael Business
that have not been filed before the Distribution Date. Rafael shall prepare and file or cause to be prepared and filed all Income
Tax Returns relating to taxable periods of Rafael and its subsidiaries after the Distribution Date, except for Income Tax Returns
of the Affiliated Group or any Combined Group and Income Tax Returns of Rafael for any Straddle Period as described in Sections
3.1 and 3.3.


 


SECTION
3.3. Responsibility for the Preparation of Straddle Period Income Tax Returns and for the Payment of Straddle Period Income Taxes.
IDT shall prepare and file or cause to be prepared and filed all Income Tax Returns of Rafael for any Straddle Period. All such
Income Tax Returns that are to be prepared and filed by IDT pursuant to this paragraph shall be submitted to Rafael not later
than thirty (30) days prior to the due date for filing of such Tax Returns (including extensions of time to file) (or if such
due date is within forty-five (45) days following the Distribution Date, as promptly as practicable following the Distribution
Date). Rafael shall have the right to review such Tax Returns and to review all work papers and procedures used to prepare any
such Tax Return. If Rafael, within ten (10) Business Days after delivery of any such Tax Return, notifies IDT in writing that
it objects to any of the items in such Tax Return, IDT and Rafael shall attempt in good faith to resolve the dispute and, if they
are unable to do so, the disputed items shall be resolved (within a reasonable time, taking into account the deadline for filing
such Tax Return) by an internationally recognized independent accounting firm chosen by both IDT and Rafael. Upon resolution of
all such items, the relevant Straddle Period Tax Return shall be filed on that basis. The costs, fees and expenses of such accounting
firm shall be borne equally by IDT and Rafael.


 


SECTION
3.4. Manner of Preparation. All Income Tax Returns filed on or after the Distribution Date shall be prepared and filed on a timely
basis (including extensions of time to file) by the Party responsible for such filing under this Agreement. In the absence of
a Final Determination to the contrary, a controlling change in law or circumstances, or accounting method changes pursuant to
applications that are approved by the Internal Revenue Service, all Income Tax Returns of Rafael for tax periods commencing prior
to the Distribution Date shall be prepared on a basis consistent with the elections, accounting methods, conventions, assumptions
and principles of taxation used with respect to the Rafael Business for the most recent taxable periods for which Tax Returns
of the Affiliated Group have been filed.


 


SECTION
3.5. Carrybacks. Rafael agrees and will cause its subsidiaries not to carry back any net operating losses, capital losses or credits
attributable to an entity that was included in a consolidated or combined group with IDT for any taxable period ending after the
Distribution Date to a taxable period, or portion thereof, ending on or before the Distribution Date. To the extent that Rafael
or any of its subsidiaries is required by applicable law to carry back any such net operating losses, capital losses or credits,
any refund of Taxes attributable to such carryback shall be for Rafael’s account.


 






    	 	8	 



     


    

 


THIS IS THE FORM OF TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT THAT IS INTENDED TO BE ENTERED

INTO BETWEEN IDT CORPORATION AND RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC., TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON

CONSUMMATION OF THE SPIN-OFF


 


SECTION
3.6. Retention of Records; Cooperation; Access.


 


(a)
IDT and Rafael shall, and shall cause each of their subsidiaries to retain adequate records, documents, accounting data and
other information (including computer data) necessary for the preparation and filing of all Tax Returns required to be filed
by IDT or Rafael and for any Tax matter covered by this Agreement, including any Proceeding relating to such Tax Returns or
to any Taxes payable by IDT or Rafael or any of their subsidiaries.


 


(b)
Subject to the provisions of Section 3.8, IDT and Rafael shall reasonably cooperate with one another in a timely
manner with respect to any Tax matter covered by this Agreement, including any Proceeding described in Section 2.3. IDT and
Rafael shall, and shall cause each of their subsidiaries to, cooperate and provide reasonable access to (i) all records,
documents, accounting data and other information (including computer data) necessary for the preparation and filing of all
Tax Returns required to be filed by IDT or Rafael and for any Proceeding relating to such Tax Returns or to any Taxes payable
by IDT or Rafael and (ii) its personnel and premises, for the purpose of the preparation, review or audit of such Tax
Returns, or in connection with any Tax matter covered by this Agreement, including any Proceeding described in Section 2.3 as
reasonably requested by either IDT or Rafael. The Party requesting or otherwise entitled to any books, records, information,
officers or employees pursuant to this Section 3.6(b) shall bear all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses (except
reimbursement of salaries, employee benefits and general overhead) incurred in connection with providing such books, records,
information, officers or employees; provided, however, that any costs (including but not limited to attorneys’ fees and
expenses) arising from the requested Party’s failure to cooperate under this Section 3.6(b) shall be payable by
such Party.


 


(c)
The obligations set forth above in Sections 3.6(a) and 3.6(b) shall continue until the longer of (i) the time of a Final
Determination or (ii) expiration of all applicable statutes of limitations, to which the records and information relate. For
purposes of the preceding sentence, each Party shall assume that no applicable statute of limitations has expired unless such
Party has received notification or otherwise has actual knowledge that such statute of limitations has expired.


 


SECTION
3.7. Tax Treatment. The Parties intend that:


 


(A)
the Spinoff as a whole, will qualify as (i) a reorganization described in Sections 355(a) and 368(a)(1)(D) of the Code and
(ii) a transaction in which the stock distributed thereby is “qualified property” for purposes of Sections
355(d), 355(e) and 361(c) of the Code, in which IDT, Rafael and the stockholders of IDT recognize no income or gain for U.S.
Federal income tax purposes pursuant to Sections 355, 361 and 1032 of the Code. For the avoidance of doubt, recognition of
income or gain by IDT or Rafael as a result of taking into account intercompany items or excess loss accounts pursuant to the
Treasury Regulations promulgated pursuant to Section 1502 of the Code shall not mean that the Spinoff does not have tax-free
status.


 






    	 	9	 



     


    

 


THIS IS THE FORM OF TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT THAT IS INTENDED TO BE ENTERED

INTO BETWEEN IDT CORPORATION AND RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC., TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON

CONSUMMATION OF THE SPIN-OFF


 


SECTION
3.8. Confidentiality; Ownership of Information; Privileged Information. The provisions of Article X of the Separation Agreement
relating to confidentiality of information, ownership of information, privileged information and related matters shall apply with
equal force to any records and information prepared and/or shared by and among the Parties in carrying out the intent of this
Agreement.


 


ARTICLE
IV. MISCELLANEOUS


 


SECTION
4.1. Complete Agreement; Construction. This Agreement shall constitute the entire agreement between the Parties with respect to
the subject matter hereof and shall supersede all previous negotiations, commitments and writings with respect to such subject
matter, including, without limitation, any tax sharing agreement previously entered into by the Parties.


 


SECTION
4.2. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same
agreement, and shall become effective when one or more such counterparts have been signed by both Parties.


 


SECTION
4.3. Survival of Agreements. Except as otherwise contemplated by this Agreement, all covenants and agreements of the Parties contained
in this Agreement shall survive the Distribution Date.


 


SECTION
4.4. Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and hand delivered or mailed by registered or
certified mail (return receipt requested) or sent by any means of electronic message transmission with delivery confirmed (by
voice or otherwise) to the Parties at the following addresses (or at such other addresses for a Party as shall be specified by
like notice) and will be deemed given on the date on which such notice is received:


 


To
IDT:


 


IDT
Corporation


520
Broad Street


Newark
New Jersey 07102


Fax:
973-438-1010


Attention:
Marcelo Fischer


 


With
copies to:


 


IDT
Corporation


520
Broad Street


Newark
New Jersey 07102


Fax:
973-438-1456


Attention:
Legal Department


 


To
Rafael:


 


Rafael
Holdings, Inc.


520
Broad Street


Newark
New Jersey 07102


Fax:
973-438-[FAX NUMBER]


Attention:
Menachem Ash


 






    	 	10	 



     


    

 


THIS IS THE FORM OF TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT THAT IS INTENDED TO BE ENTERED

INTO BETWEEN IDT CORPORATION AND RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC., TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON

CONSUMMATION OF THE SPIN-OFF


 


SECTION
4.5. Waivers. The failure of any Party to require strict performance by the other Party of any provision in this Agreement will
not waive or diminish that Party’s right to demand strict performance thereafter of that or any other provision hereof.


 


SECTION
4.6. Amendments. This Agreement may not be modified or amended except by an agreement in writing signed by the Parties hereto.


 


SECTION
4.7. Assignment. This Agreement shall not be assignable, in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, by any Party hereto without
the prior written consent of the other Party hereto, and any attempt to assign any rights or obligations arising under this Agreement
without such consent shall be void.


 


SECTION
4.8. Successors and Assigns. The provisions to this Agreement shall be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable
by the Parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns.


 


SECTION
4.9. Additional Members. Any new members of the Affiliated Group shall automatically become a Party to this Agreement upon becoming
members.


 


SECTION
4.10. Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is solely for the benefit of the Parties hereto and should not be deemed to confer
upon third parties any remedy, claim, liability, reimbursement, claim of action or other right in excess of those existing without
reference to this Agreement.


 


SECTION
4.11. Title and Headings. Titles and headings to sections herein are inserted for the convenience of reference only and are not
intended to be a part of or to affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.


 


SECTION
4.12. Exhibits. The Exhibits to this Agreement shall be construed with and as an integral part of this Agreement to the same extent
as if the same had been set forth verbatim herein.


 


SECTION
4.13. Governing Law; Jurisdiction. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with, and governed by, the laws of the State
of New Jersey, without regard to the conflicts of law rules of such state. Each of the Parties (a) consents to submit itself to
the personal jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New Jersey or any federal court with subject matter jurisdiction located
in the District of New Jersey (and any appeals court therefrom) in the event any dispute arises out of this Agreement or any Ancillary
Agreement or any transaction contemplated hereby or thereby, (b) agrees that it will not attempt to deny or defeat such personal
jurisdiction by motion or other request for leave from any such court, and (c) agrees that it will not bring any action relating
to this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement or any transaction contemplated hereby or thereby in any court other than such courts.


 


SECTION
4.14. Severability. In the event any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement should be held invalid, illegal
or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein and therein
shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. The Parties shall endeavor in good-faith negotiations to replace the invalid,
illegal or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions, the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of
the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions.


 


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THIS IS THE FORM OF TAX SEPARATION AGREEMENT THAT IS INTENDED TO BE ENTERED

INTO BETWEEN IDT CORPORATION AND RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC., TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON

CONSUMMATION OF THE SPIN-OFF


 


IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed and delivered this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.


 


	 	RAFAEL HOLDINGS, INC.
	 	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	 	David Polinsky
	 	 	Chief Financial Officer
	 	 	 
	 	IDT CORPORATION
	 	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	 	Marcelo Fischer
	 	 	Senior Vice President of Finance




 


 


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