* This order and judgment is not binding precedent, e xcept under the

doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and col lateral estoppel. The court generally disfavors the citation of orders and judg ments; nevertheless, an order and judgment may be cited under the terms and condi tions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3. 

## F I L E D United States Court of Appeals Tenth Circuit 

### March 20, 2006
Elisabeth A. Shumaker Clerk of Court UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT

RAAD ABDUL-BAKI AL-ANI,

Petitioner,

v. ALBERTO R. GONZALES, Attorney General,

Respondent. No. 04-9592 (No. A73-373-225) (Petition for Review)

ORDER AND JUDGMENT *

Before HENRY , McKAY , and MURPHY , Circuit Judges.

After examining the briefs and appellate record, th is panel has determined unanimously that oral argument would not materiallyassist the determination of this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). T he case is therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.-2-

Petitioner Raad Abdul-Baki Al-Ani petitions this co urt to review the decision of the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA) denying his second motion to reopen his deportation proceedings. Petitioner’s c ounsel withdrew from the case after filing petitioner’s appellate brief, and peti tioner is now proceeding pro se. Respondent has moved to dismiss the petition for re view for lack of jurisdiction, and we grant the motion because the issues raised i n the petition for review are
moot. I. Deportation proceedings were initiated against peti tioner, a native of Iraq, in 1995, after he overstayed his student visa. The immigration judge denied his request for suspension of deportation, and the BIA upheld this decision. Petitioner filed his first motion to reopen his dep ortation proceedings in 1999, alleging changed country conditions, and seeking as ylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture (CA T). The BIA denied the motion to reopen, and this court affirmed. Al-Ani v. Ashcroft , 97 F.App’x 879 (10th Cir. 2004) (unpublished). Petitioner then filed a second motion to reopen in June 2004, again seeking asylum and relief under the CAT based on changed co untry conditions. The BIA denied the motion on August 30, 2004. It ruled the motion was untimely and number-barred under 8 C.F.R. § 1003.2(c), and that petitioner did not qualify for1 The government also contends that the BIA’s grant o f petitioner’s motion

for reconsideration rendered the August 30 order no n-final. Because we conclude the petition is moot, we need not address this alte rnative jurisdictional theory. -3- the exception for untimely motions to reopen based on changed country conditions. On September 24, 2004, petitioner file d a motion for reconsideration with the BIA. At the same time, he filed a petitio n for review with this court on September 28, 2004, seeking appellate review of the BIA’s August 30 denial of his second motion to reopen. On March 7, 2005, while the petition for review was pending in this court, the BIA granted petitioner’s motion for reconsideration and issued a new decision. It again denied petitioner’s motion to r eopen, but, notably, on different grounds than its original August 30 denial. Contrary to its earlier ruling, the BIA ruled that the motion to reopen was not number-barr ed or untimely. Instead, it considered petitioner’s claims on the merits, and ruled that petitioner had failed to establish a prima facie case for the relief sought. Petitioner did not file a petition for review from the BIA’s March 7, 2005, order. The government has filed a motion to dismiss this p etition for review for lack of jurisdiction. It contends the petition forreview is moot because the August 30 order being appealed no longer constitute s the grounds relied upon by the BIA. 1 “We review the question of mootness de novo.” F.E.R. v. Valdez ,-4-

58 F.3d 1530, 1532-33 (10th Cir. 1995). We agree that the issues raised in the petition for review are moot and therefore grant th e motion to dismiss.

II. Mootness is jurisdictional and derives from Article III’s requirement that federal courts may adjudicate only live controversi es between litigants. Moongate
Water Co. v. Dona Ana Mut. Domestic Water Consumers Ass’n , 420 F.3d 1082, 1088 (10th Cir. 2005); Fischbach v. N.M. Activities Ass’n , 38 F.3d 1159, 1160 (10th Cir. 1994). The actual controversy “must exi st at [all] stages of appellate or certiorari review, and not simply at the date the a ction is initiated.” Id. (alteration in original; quotation omitted). A case becomes mo ot when the appellate court can fashion no meaningful relief. Church of Scientology v. United States , 506 U.S. 9, 12 (1992); Jones v. Temmer , 57 F.3d 921, 922 (10th Cir. 1995) (appeal becomes moot when the issue upon which the case is based ceases to exist). In such a situation, a federal court decision would co nstitute a constitutionally impermissible advisory opinion. Jones , 57 F.3d at 922. Under the Immigration and Naturalization Act (INA), a petition for review from an original BIA decision is distinct from, andmust be reviewed separately from, a petition seeking review of the BIA’s ruling on a subsequent motion to-5-

reconsider the original decision. Stone v. INS, 514 U.S. 386, 395 (1995) (holding that the filing of a motion for reconsideration doe s not toll the period for seeking judicial review of the underlying order). The INA, by its terms, contemplates two petitions for review and directs the courts to cons olidate the petitions. Id. at 394; 8 U.S.C. § 1252(b)(6). In Desta v. Ashcroft , 329 F.3d 1179, 1184 (10th Cir. 2003), this court applied Stone to hold that even when a petitioner does not seek review of the BIA’s denial of a motion to reconside r, this court retains jurisdiction over the petition for review of the or iginal decision, and may consider an identical issue raised in the motion to reconsid er. Here, petitioner has filed one petition for review of the August 30, 2004, order, contending that the BIA erred by (1) denying the motion to reopen on the basis that it was number-barred; (2) denying the mo tion to reopen on the basis that it was untimely; and (3) failing to give reaso ning or a detailed rationale for the denial. These three issues relate only to the August 30 order and are no longer in controversy in light of the BIA’s March 7 , 2005, final order, which denied his motion on the merits rather than on proc edural grounds, discussed the evidence petitioner presented, and provided a detai led rationale for denying the motion. The March 7 order, therefore, rendered moo t the petition for review of the August 30 order because the issues raised in th e petition are no longer the basis for the BIA’s decision. This case is easily distinguishable from Desta ,-6-

because in this case the BIA granted the motion to reopen, issued a new and legally separate order denying the motion to reopenon wholly different legal grounds, and none of the issues raised in the petit ion for review remain in controversy. Petitioner argues that the BIA denied the motion to reopen in the March 7 order for the same reasons it had in the August 30 order, that is, his failure to present evidence of changed country circumstances. We disagree. As noted, the BIA’s August 30 order was procedurally based; it co ncluded that petitioner’s motion was untimely and number-barred and did not f all within the exception to the time and number bars based on changed country c ircumstances. As petitioner himself complained in his petition for review, the BIA never addressed whether he presented a prima facie case for asylum or relie f under the CAT. In contrast, in the March 7 order, the BIA abandoned the procedural bars, and ruled instead on the underlying merits of each of petitioner’s cl aims, ruling that petitioner had failed to establish a prima facie case for asylum o r for relief under the CAT. Thus, a favorable decision from this court on any o f the claims of error asserted in the petition for review would have no effect on the BIA’s March 7 order denying petitioner’s motion to reopen. See In re Material Witness Warrant Nichols , 77 F.3d 1277, 1279 (10th Cir. 1996) (ruling appea l moot where current-7-

detention status based on different legal grounds than those relied upon in challenged district court action). In summary, the claims of error raised by petitione r in his petition for review were rendered moot by the BIA’s March 7, 200 5 order, and this court cannot grant any effective relief with respect to those claims. Further, because petitioner did not petition for review of the BIA’s March 7 merits denial of his second motion to reopen, we have no jurisdictio n to review that ruling.
See 8 U.S.C. § 1252(b)(1). Respondent’s motion to dismiss is GRANTED, and the petition for review is DISMISSED.

Entered for the Court

Robert H. Henry Circuit Judge