FI LED U. S . COURT OF AP PE ALS E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT June 27, 2006 T HOM AS K. KAHN CL E RK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H] I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 05- 11832 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ D . C . D o c k e tN o . 0 5 - 2 0 4 4 5 - C V - K MM C L I F T O N I S A A C D U K E S , J R ., P e titio n e r - A p p e lla n t, v ersu s U N I T E D S T A T E S O F A M E R I C A , R e s p o n d e n t- A p p e lle e .

________________________ A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f orthe S outhe rn D i s tr i c tof F l or i da

_________________________ ( Ju n e 27, 2006) B efo re A N D E R S O N , B IR C H an dB A R K E T T , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P E R C U R I A M: C li fto n Is aa c D u k es , Jr., a p ro se fe d er al p riso n er , ap p ea ls th e d istrict co u rt’s d i s mi s s a l o f

h i s p e t i t i o n f

o raw r i to f

h ab e a s c o rp u s f

i l e dp u r s u a n tt o 2 8 U . S. C.2

§ 2 2 4 1 . T h e d i stri ctco u rtfo u n dth atth e p ro p er v eh i cl e fo r D u k es’ cl ai m s w as a § 2255 m ot i on t o va c a t e , a nd not e d tha tD uke s c oul d notf i l e a§ 2241 pe t i t i on unde r§ 2255’ s s a vi ngs c l aus e t o a voi d the A E D P A ’ s rul e s r e s tr i c t i ng the f i l i ng of s u c c e s s iv e § 2 2 5 5 m o tio n s . O n ap p e a l, D u k e s a r g u e s th a t th e tr ia l c o u rt e rr e din di s m i s s i ng hi s § 2241 pe t i t i on be c aus e hi s s e nt e nc e of 324 m onths ’ i m pr i s onm e nt w as i m po se d u nd era s ent enci ng sy st em thati s uncon st i tut i on al un der U ni t ed S t a t e s v. B ooke r , 543 U . S . 220, 125 S . C t . 738, 160 L . E d. 2d 621 ( 2005) , a nd he s houl d notbe ba rr e d f

r om obt a i ni ng r e l i e f

be c aus e he i s “ a c tua l l yi nnoc e nt ” of the cond uctconsi dere d t o enh ance hi s s ent ence . T he avai l abi l i ty of habeas re l i ef un der § 22 41 pres ent s aqu es t i on of l aw that w e r e v ie w d e n o v o . C o o kv . W ile y , 2 0 8 F .3 d1 3 1 4 , 1 3 1 7 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 0 ) . T yp i cal l y, co l l at eral att ack s o n th e v al i d i ty o f a fed eral co n v i ct i o n o r sen t en ce m u st be brou gh tun der § 22 55 . S aw ye r, 32 6 F . 3d at13 65 . W hen a pri soner has pr e vi ous l yf

i l e d a§ 2255 m ot i on t o va c a t e , he m us tappl yf ora nd r e c e i ve p e rm is s io n f

r o m th is C o u rt b e f

o r e f ilin g as u c c e s s iv e § 2 2 5 5 m o tio n . 2 8 U .S .C . §§ 2244( b) ( 3) , 2255; I n r e B l a c ks hi r e , 98 F . 3d 1293, 1293 ( 11th C i r . 1996) . T he “s av in g s c lau s e ” in § 2 2 5 5 , h o w e v e r , p e rm its ap r is o n e rto f ile a§ 2 2 4 1 p e titio n if a n othe rw i s e a va i l abl e r e m e dyunde r§ 2255 i s “ i na de qua t e ori ne f f e c t i ve t o t e s tthe l e ga l i tyof

hi s de t e nt i on. ” 28 U . S . C . § 2255; S a w y e r , 326 F . 3d a t1365. T he3

bur de n of

c om i ng f

orw a r d w i th e vi de nc e a f f i rm a t i ve l ys how i ng the i na de qua c yor i n effecti v en ess o f th e § 2 2 5 5 rem ed y rest s w i th th e m o v an t . M cG h ee v . H an b erry, 60 4 F . 2d 9, 10 (5th C i r. 19 79 ). T he re stri ct i on s on succe ss i ve § 2 25 5 m ot i on s, st andi ng al on e, do no tre nd er thatse ct i on “ i nadequ at e or i neff ec t i ve” w i thi n the m eani ng of the savi ng s c l ause , a nd, c ons e que nt l y , ape t i t i one rw ho ha s f i l e d a nd be e n de ni e d apr e vi ous § 2255 m ot i on m a ynotc i r c um ve ntthe A E D P A ’ s s uc c e s s i ve - m ot i on rul e s i m pl ybyf i l i ng ap e titio n u n d e r§ 2 2 4 1 . W o f f o r dv . S c o tt, 1 7 7 F .3 d1 2 3 6 , 1 2 4 5 ( 1 1 th C ir . 1 9 9 9 ) . T he s a vi ngs c l aus e onl yappl i e s w he n ( 1) the pe t i t i one r ’ s c l a i m i s ba s e d on a r e tr oa c t i ve l yappl i c abl e S upr e m e C ourtde c i s i on; ( 2) the hol di ng of tha tde c i s i on e s t abl i s he d tha tthe pe t i t i one rw a s c onvi c t e d of a“ none xi s t e ntof

f e ns e ” ; a nd ( 3 ) “c ir c u it la w s q u a r e lyf o r e c lo s e ds u c h ac la im a t th e tim e it o th e rw is e s h o u ld have been rai se d atthe pet i t i on er ’ s tri al , appeal , or fi rs t§ 2 25 5 m ot i on . ” I d. at 1 2 4 4 ; s e e a ls o S a w y e r , 3 2 6 F .3 da t 1 3 6 5 - 6 6 ( ap p ly in g th e th r e e - p a rt W o f f o r dte s t) . In th e c o n tex t o f a § 2 2 4 1 p etit io n , “ ac tu al in n o ce n ce ” r ef er s to a d ef

en d an t’ s a c tua l i nnoc e nc e of

the c r i m e of

c onvi c t i on. S e e B ous l e yv. U ni t e d S t a t e s , 523 U . S . 61 4, 62 3, 11 8 S . C t . 16 04 , 16 11 , 14 0 L . E d. 2d 82 8 (19 98 ). A pet i t i on ercan on l y e st abl i sh ac tual i nn ocence once the savi ng s c l ause of § 2 25 5 h as been appl i ed t o “ ope n aport a l ” t o a§ 2241 pr oc e e di ng. W of f or d, 177 F . 3d a t1244 n. 3.4

T he di s tr i c tc ourtdi d note rri n thi s c a s e bydi s m i s s i ng D uke s ’ § 2241 pe t i t i on be c aus e § 2255’ s s a vi ngs c l aus e doe s notappl y . D uke s ’ c l a i m c e nt e r s on B o o k e r . D u k e s f

a ile dto s a tis f

yth e f ir s t p r o n g o f

th e W o f f o r dte s t a s w e h a v e h e ld thatB oo ker i s notre troac t i vel y avai l abl e on col l at er al re vi ew . V ar el a v. U ni t ed S t at es, 4 0 0 F . 3 d8 6 4 , 8 6 8 (1 1 th C i r. ), cert . d en i ed , 1 2 6 S . C t . 3 1 2 (2 0 0 5 ). B ecau se D u k es d i dn o tsat i sfy th e fi rstp ro n g w i th reg ard t o h i s cl ai m , w e n eed n o tad d ress the r e m a i ni ng pr ongs . S e e W of f or d, 177 F . 3d a t1244- 45 ( “ [ T ] he onl ys e nt e nc i ng c l a i m s tha tm a yc onc e i vabl ybe c ove r e d bythe s a vi ngs c l aus e a r e thos e ba s e d upon ar e tr o a c tiv e lyap p lic ab le S u p r e m e C o u rt d e c is io n o v e rtu rn in g c ir c u it p r e c e d e n t.” ) . B ecau se D u k es n ev er “ o p en ed th e p o rt al ” t o a § 2 2 4 1 p ro ceed i n g , h e can n o trai se h is c la im th a t h e is “a c tu a llyin n o c e n t” o f th e c o n d u c t c o n s id e r e dto e n h a n c e h is s e n te n c e . T h e r e f

o r e , th e d is tr ic t c o u rt d idn o t e rrb yd is m is s in g D u k e s ’ p e titio n . AF F I RME D.