A.. ,P 

OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAE 

AUSTlN ., 

c 

a@-=- 

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+ ;' 

-., i. 

!i ,, j! 

Eonomble C. E. Miller, QoPollorloner 

'Peas Unemployment Comp8nratlon Coxnlasio 

Austin, T8xae 

mnhation of ihe 

imint 

aommiity inrrofar 

ooasiw& or 0 hcm8 offsoe 

the distrist nmagei are ~auperihteadsnte, 

rour ok Plm in nvciber. Wk'eaah angerintendsnt is a group of Ladustrial ag6nts aopsieting of roux or five men, The mtmqger ia 

responsible rot the whole aietmt. mm mlper 

inten&di is respuneible fop a Mvlsfcrn of the 
Honorable C. R. Miller, Pa&a 13 

dlotrlot . The ageat ia responolble for a 

oubdiri~loa of the euperlntrndent’r -.a. 

*$aoh ageat is f'uraiahed with a debit 

book whioh oontaln6 the a8506 ana aaaresreo 

of all poliop holaera within his aeblt or 

axea of operatdm~. ae well a8 the polloy 

numbers of all of the pollolss the prduma 

on whiah he is 0bargea with the duty of oolleothg. The debit book is &man& in mmh 

a wuy uo to sot forth the aetaal route over 

whloh the agent Dravela in the eolleotlon 

or ihe px+utt~. 

"On Xonduy, Tuaeday and t?Mawdny af 

eaoh week, the ageat -8 oolluotlon& ZIe 

odlr upon t&o polloy holder lndloatsa b the 

ilrst p&go ot his debit book) j&e thea OaL 

upon the peraoa ladleatea by the aemad 

uad 60 on& Ha tramls over hla 

go, 

route bLaay maaaa available to E%&,- 

1eots.t weekly pranlumr: dae. The ia88 that 

ha la 80 engaged on thwo duyo does not mama 

that he lr not llkewlso oharged nlth tha duty 

or 8aUi.aa laouranoe, ba8h Aadu8trhl ema 

0- lasuraaos,aathe~daysaade*rry 

08her day. 0aThWJde.Y BrfddlJrand BatWlUY 

the *gmt devote8 his &a #mra&ly 00 the 

0d0 0t insurao~e or bath tppee. ot3 ~atiuday, 

however, at least the t%rfit halr oi the day 

is devoted to offioa work. This Sa8ucdag @ffloe work ooasiete of. ths, ageatl*ssttfag ap 

of his new bu&nea8, putMa& euah sew buaiaero 

on rolto oheetr la.hls folio aaa sora~ 

igf of the register his la 866 s#bHw. Thuee 

latter sheeta are eheets~ Ii th nferelaoa to 

bueiaees w&oh is dead beeauee of the poXlay 

holdat*s failure to pay pa?embus. Liktise 

on Saturday meming pAloh are plum4 la 

ulveLq+es along with reoslpt books, aad toUoe 

are btim06a to arrive at the amoua8 of the 

debit or the agent ror the week bs.@uhe the 

followlag ltoaday morala& The amtuat.or the 

agent'8 debit lrr arrived at by aubtruofiag 

his lapsed buelaeso from his new busina~& 
HOaOZ?ablO CL R. X%ller,.?88e 5 

"Jkoh morning, exo8ptXoaday'mrPing, 

the agsnf 1s relulred to be preaent &t a 

meetlag held at 7r45 a.m. At euoh meeting 

the agent take8 hls plooe nt hle a681~0a 

de&c In the con&may ofrloloc, tobe aiblres6ed 

by the alatrlat manager and two other ladlrlduale aonmoted with tha oampaay selected 

by the maaager ror the purpose. At theso 

aeotiqe a roll call ie rlrst had. F.ch 

ageat responds to hls nama with, that a 

statmeat of tba mount or ladustrlal iaeurauae written on ths pm~~o.0~~ day (in term 

of the amount of weekly prmlune)~ eeooad, 

the amount of ordinary la6uranoe wrlttea on 

the prwleue dayi third, oo&laotloa6 00. la-- 

duetrbl pollales for tha revieu~~ day; an$, 

roourth, a0u00ti0nr 011 0rd Lior the previous day. Ih addition to t%im 

statmeate, the agent la required to annouam 

snddoeetumounoehispledge of aoocng+llohma$ 

footha daydor~whiohhrir aa~Ml& 

Thw, he anaouneee oa Tuordayo and 

we&edaye the emalat of ool.laatloM bB erpeota to make on thoee daya, 80 well a8 the' 

a5CUnt Of iWWeaOar he.slgeotS to write, On 

Thursdaya, Aldiiys and Satur&Qa,ha amiourieeu 

mar&y hix pledge puota or mrgsoiwd buslaesr 

In the matter of wLJ.S.na lnsumno 0, lx! mirrc 

enco baing pada to oolleotloas, because oolleotlon duty aover only the first three deya 

as the week. If an agent is late la arrlring 

a&e~w~:t~ he ie held up to ridiaule by 

. If it Is n~oe~aerp for him tie3 

be abeaat frcnn ruoh meotlng he oommaloatm 

that feoti to the maaager by telepjiom cm 

other Jm6nE* 

Upon the aajo urnraeat of this llbw?&~ 

burla& whloh the manager km8 n&de urgent requaat that the eupsrlntendenta and agents 

got bueineas, eaoh rruper5ntsndelrt odLnaril,y 

gathera with 6 group of agmats la a rmtaurent 

for ooffelso. Atthietima bueiacloa Lergcb. 

afsouaaed ana each agent la tola by the m&perln%endent the elaot tima aaa the mot place 
Honorable C. R. Mlliller, Pago 4 

at.whloh he, the e~rintendULt, riu reti 

the agent on the agent'8 route that day. 

The agent then goes to his delineated area 

t0 p8d0?3 hi24 motions, hi8 route =r=gea 

for hIa by the arrangement of the pa@8 in 

Me debit book. Thoee pages latlioate to him 

the next address at whioh to ofii Th@ debit 

book ocntaIns 80 many paean that aelleotiona 

6r8 0~ mr 00Tema 01). the tir8t atcf, LEono 

day, the remaining ~ortlone belt@ oovorod 00. 

TWSdaJ. The manager as well a8 the superlntandant and agent, 1s psrfeotly ramiitttr 

wsth the debit area Inbloated by saoh debit 

book. 

"me agent maea hi8 e&l otion an8 08eQ~ 

the f3uperint~a0ntattha ~po%tedtfme aad 

p&as, ct w&ioh tW he adv see with the eu arintenaent aeto ark parti~.oullr pmblepla ofi 

ooafroats U In come inatanovs the euparinteaaent offer8 and giroa aeilotenoe In then 

matter or tranepor0lag the agaut to SOW address at whloh the agent hae prevlouelj oalled 

la hle morning rouad8 but iallmd to ooll~ot~ 

At tinee polioyvholdere 91ovad tram the'.deblt 

area of one asent do the debit area of .azMthr)r. 

In suoh lnetanc~~s the auperintend6nt may teke 

tha agentrithh&ta the& on mohrsrnrrrrl 

and the new looatieri Or th4 pQllOy holdOr* 

The agent than oolleoto that weok's prendum, 

ibe polioy later being transferred to the 

debit of tha agent in whorwr territory the 

polioy h0iaer has nmfly looatea. 

"kfterlaavfiy the ~crrintendentthe 

agent thea gooe on with his oolleotionls. 

This oolleotlon duty ordinarily ra;iuireer 

that the agent work until approximately 

pa eaoh night. 0 

100 

This Is due to the fao that 

an agent, to retain his oonnection with the 

Bplet produos 95% ool.l~ot~ons, &S&u8 a 

$%f' "3: :a laorease la his buelwse. The aemat of r-quuirea inoreoao la bueinees Is eat 

by the ooaqmny, wually $1.00 pm week of 

premlume oollaotible, The oae aontsot with 

ths supedit~~~aent mentioned a008 not mean 

e. 
Honorable C. IL Miller, Pam % 

that tba agent will not be OOO~~O~O~ a& 

during the day. The euparintandont ir familiar with eaah agent*s debit to the pofnt 

Or h0~1ng aQprOdmste4 where thb agad 2.S 

xorklnc at any particular time. Very ofte~~ 

the superlntentlent ags%n aontaoti3 the a ent 

ytu, that he is s.otually porfoxyming h&l 

. 

wn Wednetday amrnlng of oaoh weak bhr 

flnal oolleotion dutlso em done, that la, 

all oollsotions not mad0 on Mm&ay or Tuaday ore attempted 86 be made an wdaeedey 

tWl%ing. Cm Wednellday afternoon the pgcmt 

~0rvt?rz the 00pip~ 0rf208 0h00w gp hi8 

At that time ha turn8 in the 

mr~~p &oh he ha0 00m0tiea du.mg that 

tiollu. This aooouat is babno~d agaInat tkw 

6 Thus, if an agent 6d.b a.palioy the 

premium for w@ioh lr 25# pcrr week, he ie 

oredited on the books of the oonpanp with 

twenty tlaee 23#*, wtnrfm, when he oollsotr 

the 8%~ per week he I#, on eaoh ooo+*ion 

oredlted with twenty pesoont, oi 2Wi T&i. 

P 
Honorable C. R. Eiller, Page 6 

apparent asset on the a&sntrs reoord. ulth 

the oompany i8 offset bJ a o!mrge-baok to 

the a&ant of twenty times his lapsed bueineas. 

THUS, if e .?3# grdu iS due on a pOliOy 

which lagaas, that la, ia not oolleotod ulthin thirty 'days Of the due date of the weekly 

prtmlum, the agtmt*a roaord with the oompauy 

rerlttota a ohar60 to him or twenty timesi 2Sg. 

Thea0 a-8 are inzportant in. 43rrivl.q at 

the agantt6 wagee whloh, ror any prirtloular 

week, are aotually figurqd on Wedneedeyu. 

The statement abate is pimllrled by the fur- . 

ther 6tatement that the a2bnt ie not aotual- 

%b f"i t 

6 the mll amount or twenty tlnms his 

xaeitead, he i6 aid a stipulated pert 

oentGe thawof, probab B y lS$. Tha Woe 

isheldbythe 0-y to his oredit. 

*Ea)Caoh week the agent is oh&reed with an 

ampunt uuudly two or thrm dollars, whioh 

ia hd.4 out 0r his tmgee and is pbmd in 

what ie termed tho a@nt*s bond aooount. Ho 

actual bond ia issued, but the oompauy builds 

up a bond aoaount in order to take oar8 of arrd 

to ofrset any ebmt~e on the part at the agent. 

"It oa%bs seen that :it is possible for an 

agent to be entitLed to no aash mbney on pay 

day,whloh falls on&turday. Anagentlnthat 

rltuatlon who need0 mnsy on any pfirtioulm ey 

day my and ortan does make arranmnenta VI & 

the n8nager ror an advanos. Bfs wage slip 

thererore refleots that hla total mmtaneratlon 

for tha ~8ak’ ie paid under axi item aenoabnatta 

*speolal tialarg.' His 'speolal salary may be 

and~umaally ia paid ev6n though hita aaoount 

with the oonpany shows that he is aotually *in 

the red.' This epoaial salary ie en ordinary 

item or wages in that it is pata eaoh weelq 

howeveq the amount of suoh epsoial salary 

varice from fire to tw8My dollars, aeoordlng to the aohlevem3nta of the agmit dW%ng the 

week. xr ths agamt hm ~OJM #Xl .he may be. 

pata twenty dollars 8 aoial saXmy: whmeas, 

poor aooonpliabaent w s Xlmerit hln a&Ly five 

-.. 
Eenorable 0. R. Miller, Pa6e 9 

dollars speaiel selary. Xn other oases the 

agent will be oredited with a epeolal ealary 

over and above the w-t which his a~~ompllehmnt would ordinarily permit. This lnorease 

In the partioular agent's rrpeoial salam uet&ally results In a deoreaee oi' the speoial. 

salary Or some other indiv&dual or individuals. 

Thfs Is due to the fact that there Is usually 

available to the dir&riot &uimger only a oerteln 

amount or martoy whioh oan be used for spoolal 

salery paynmnte.* 

Based upon the above iaots, you ask the Sallowing 

questions which we quote from your lotter ae lollowsr 

",41-o the lnduetrfal lnsuranoe agents 

treated in the etatedient of raats attaahed 

hereto ln the amp10 

3"" 

at of the lit0 lneuranoe 

coprpany under h-iii0 0 gaamm(6), v. R. C. 8. 

1925, In its present foocm and/w as it axlsted 

prior to anmndnumt otfeotlvo April 1, 1959?a 

Be will first UlaoUae the questlon of whether or 

not the iadustrial insursnoa agent8 were in the employ0ent 

of the iire fasurauoe oozumny withlu the meaning or the unOtEplOgrJsnt Compensation AOt, fnfrfi, prior to It8 eirwubmt 

orreotive April 1, 1939. we do not think It .neoaaeary to 

dluouuso the general provisions of the Aat relating to eaploynient insofar as this quoatian is oonaemed beoause prior 

tics April 1, 1939, the Aat oontainad a speoltlo pmnlalon 

whioh, we bollsvs oontrols t&la queetion. This prov~e~iox!, 

subseotion (g) (of 0r motion l9 0r the mxfia Unemploynent 

Compensation Aot, sanre being Act8 1986, 44 Leg., Srd C. s., 

oh. 432, pb 1993, wax aa Mllowsr 

"(9) In detotining employeeo under 

this tw OAb in aatemlning employercs under 

this Act, and in determinln@ wages under 

this Aat, neither term 8hfcu Inelude employwit 0r or setiae by agante or inarand oompanie6 who oolleot their oompeneatian on a aondasian be&s.* (I?apaaleU 

April 1, 1939). 

There would neem to be no doubt but what the industrial insuranae agent in question was an agent xithin 
Honorable C. R. 1EIller, Page 0 

the meaning of the above quoted eeotion of the Aat. 

This beb true, the question 6dsea as to whether 

the remunemtlon rmeived by the &sent I5 in the forin of a 

coIla.ealon. 

It can readily be aeon that an agent tight not be 

entitled to any aompensatlon on pay day due to the oosmiualon plau or paymsnt which the iasuranoe oarqpsny has in 

force. To meet this situation, the oompany has a plan whereby the a&m‘6 map obtain an advanoa. This I6 more fully et 

plained In the racts hcreincbove mentioned. If this advance 

IS charged against the oomn~I~~$on~ earned by the agent, then 

It oannot be ssid that hs receives any oompsnsatlon other 

than on a oommi~sslon beds. / 

Under these facts, we ars'or the Opinion that the 

agents in question, prior to April 1, 1939, were not in the 

employment of the life Insuranoe acunpany. 

However, Ii these partloular weekly p4mente are 

not charged WaInst the aomIssIons earned by the agents, 

then they must be scmethine: other than loan0 or advsmes 

on oomia5IQns. ThIebeIngtrue,whatwe have s&l Inanswer to your first question would not be applicable. 

wrore pas&n& to the oaoon& question, we wish to 

ooment on Regulation Ho. 37, (now Regulation No. 331 promulgated bg the Com5.ssion, whloh, we balIeve, Is in ooz& :~:' '~+- 

flIct with what WC have heretofore saId. This Regti$atIon 

rends, In pmt, ~a follows: 

"All enlployaeo of Insurfinoe 0ompanIss 

and oorporntionn crc 'subject' employees, 

except agente, a8 hereinafter set out. 

"Agents far the purposes of this 8x9 

ceptlon are those indlvlduale oolraniesioned 

by lnsumrme co5penIes or corporations to 

represent tha In ths sale6 of insurance 

of any sort whom r~WIon ooneiats 

only br coMiissIons on the smotlnt 0r the 

aforesaId sales.* (tfaderlaaorln& ours) 

The obova ResulatIon provided, in substame, that 
Konornble 0. R. Mlll&, Page 9 

lnsumnoe agents are exempt loyesttonlywbmthsirmmuneratlon oonslrts or aonml8a K om on the mile 0r Msuranoe. 

fie ___ .~_. Cat I-_._~- nrovidsd that insurance c&ents Who aolleat tMlZ 

oonp~satioa on n oommleslon baeIiiw tire ezongt employees. 

Under the r6CtG set out herein, the acent reoeives a Qua1Pis8ion for the colleotlon or oertain uoeklv premlw. Under the provlalons of the dot grIor to April 1, 19939, he 

~168 an exempt employee elnoe the oorpIpiu&on would ba a 

part or his 0opqpensatl0n. It would seem, however, thali if 

w shotild r00k t0 tb0 ~egulatiott or th0 c0dmi0a alcat0, 

the agent would not be an excm#t ea@oyee beoauw tha aanTo the extent that ROgUlatlon No. 87 ooafllobed with th0*hem0r0~ quoted 800tiar~ or tb hot, tam mtar governed until it8 rsgeal. 

msnt 

AxtAo 6fZlb-17 (6) (11, supra, defines UsplOp 

as r0umw 

"(8) 1 

vu 

WoploytsuW mbbjeot to the 

other pro a on8 of this eubseotion, JUWL~I 

aervIoe,~InolUding eervloe In i.ntar&iate 

tmmumae, perr0mitd ror wage6 or under any 

oontraot or hire wr%ttam or oral, sxgrass 

or Implied, provhrd that any servloee perrorined by an lntli~l6ueil for wage@ shall be 

deemed to be cuqlo t 

r 

oubdeot to thin 

t&t unless and unt it ia shown to the 

satl~raatlon or the Co~~~~Ztmion that such 

individual haa been and wIl1 0ontIm.m to 

be free irOn oontrol or dS.reotlon over the 

pertormanoe of mob 8ervloea both under 

hi8 oontmmt or aemvloa aal in ?aot.* 

Artiole 9281~17 (a), VemXL*S hnnoimted Civil _ - stotutm, aerme6 wage85 ae rw.m5t 
Xonorab1e.G. R. tiller, Pa&B 10 

"(01 *Wages v mtmnu all 33mUll0ratlOn 

payable for gefetngtr eanloes, inoluding 

commissions . 

Them can be no doubt but what the agent renders 

a servloe to the ocmp~~ There oan be no doubt but fhat 

he reoelvee %agee8B a8 a consideration for tha perfonuanoe 

of said servloe. The agent Is olearly ia'the emplogmant, 

OS the iaeuranoe oonlpany ualoee it can be shown that he 

%ae been and will oontfnue to be free f'rom oontrol or 

.diraotlon over the psrrormanoe of auch aervloe~ both xxw 

dsr his contra& of aervloe and in faote* 

we’ quote fron the oasa of craanmrlor oi kaerlaa, 

Ino., v. Industrial Gommiaefon, et al, 108 P. (Za) 306, 

supreme court ofutah, a8 rou.mmt 

%ub6ivlalaa (6) of aubeeatlon (j) provides, that, 

~Qervioos'perfor~&I by an ipdlvldud 

ror wages shall be dwned to b8 uaploymont 

atibjeot to this act unless and until it 1s 

~~CWXI t0 th0 mh3r~~tl~ or wu OO~DI 

sloa that - 

*'(a) ruoh indlvidualhaa besrr andrilL 

oontinue to be free rrom oontrol or dlnotlon 

over t& pet-lomanos of suoh semloea, both 

uner his oontraat ot fservioo an6 in faotr 

*‘@I such serdoe 1s olther outsliIe 

the usual oourse OS the-buaiaess Sor which 

suoh mrvloe la psrformed. or that suah sarv106 la psriormad outaldo of all the 

d 

laasr, 

df bus5ness or the entarprlsa for s oh auoh 

servlo~ Is psrformsdi and 

w'(c) suoh indlvldwl is custcnmrlly . 

engaged in an independently established trade, 

oooupatlon, profession or bud.nausq,"' 

At page 606, the folXowin& Laagua&e is f'cundt 
Honorable C. 3. Miller, Fage 3.l 

WY * * The cloinant was required to 

purahase a iruok whioh met the approval of 

the ccm+ny , xhlch truokhad to be galnted 

ir e cortzin xznner and bear the co~~an;r~a 

nciilO thereon. Clobent ms required, it 

tight reesonnbly have be& found, to sell 

the company*a produots at a certain prioe, 

iLClUdh~ C8rtahi *specials' whloh WBr8 

'pushed' by the oonrpsny ocoaslonal.ly. The 

prices paid by olalmant :or both 'speolalsf 

snd regular produots were fixed by the oompany, such prloes having a dlreot relationship to the prloe for whlah suoh products 

aotlld be sold. Claimant was required to 

keep his truck at the oompany garage, and 

repairs were made thereon by the oompsny 

and oharged to claimant without his knowledge or OOnsentr Books of aooount were 

supposed to be kept by olaimant whloh 

books were required to be left at the otfloe of tho oompany unless oonsiznt was 

obtained to take them home. The oompeny 

maintained B speoial bank aoaount for 

claiagnt and daposlted.the money oolleoted from oustomers. Claimant~s oheok book, 

used to draw on said bank aooount; waa 

required to be left at the oriioe. The 

oompany had a right to i-at olaiicant*a 

route and did so lnspeot it by malnteialng a relief man who oaoaslonallg relieved 

claimant. Thin relief ma, who was an employee of the oompany, made reports to the 

oompnay on the oonditlon of olaWantf8 

route. Some ool~eotlons froiu oustemere 

on olairnantls.route were also made by a 

relief mnn who turned into the company all 

sum ao aolleoted. In adaitlon to the above, the oonpany made rsuggestlons* and 

coffered advS.oe* es to how claimant should 

inorease sales, make oollaotlons, eta. 

The contract under whioh olalmant performed 

h.l.8 esrvlasla could be terminated by the conpany at any time upon two weeket notice or 

within 24 hours where a *teohnlcal* bremh 

of the contract had been made.~ 

2. 

Honorabl4 C. R. Miller, Page I.3 

under his wMzaat*. At all. events the 

evleenos 1s m&that ws oannot say that 

the Co~&ralon must, as rsasoncble men, 

have found that claimant wtm free from 

such control." 

In Industrial commission f. Eorthwestcrn Xut. 

l,ife Inns. CO.. 8Q P. (28) 560, Suprams Court of Colorado, 

the 2usstloa wcis whethsr an agent of a life insura~e Oosipano was ln employment of ths oonpany witltin the manin& 

of the Oneqloynent Compsneatlon Act of t&t State. The 

definition of employment is the same as 1s set out In the 

Creameries of Anarioa case, mapram The Court said: 

"In the preface to the 'Rules and &a~;- 

ulatlons,' whloh are a parf of the oontruots 

herein, ws find this lan&age; 'It is selfevident that Q buslnsss l.&@rlng aush enoranus detail as that of a la& fife -fnsuxanoe 

oampenyoaunotb4oonduot4dinahaphe&ard 

WW. There must be definite rulae by whiah 

8mh edid ~3.n be cafii4e to completion. 

otherwioe the Yerioue parta of the maohlne 

will not work aamothly and triafion and losa 

0r *ifort *ill result.* 

"Ksre we hem an admlasion of detafled 

dfreotion under ooaQ?aote‘tith the ~lndlvld$ 

ual! imolvsd herein. It would indeed require e revolutlonazy chauge in the oonduot 

oT the 11;"s insurauoe buslneea, as shown by 

the evidenas, to bring about a eltucrtion 

whereby its ae8nte.woul.d be free from any 

oontrol or direstion.* 

In oooparing the dsflxl$lon or employnmnt ln the 

above oases with the dsfini%lon of employment in the Stetutes of Textis, we L"ina the detlnltlon is exaotlp the same 

In each insthnoe, with the enaeptlon that Sections (b) and 

(0) a5 set out In the Creamrfee Of America aam, 5upr6, 

are not folind in the Texas dafinitlon. 

Sow other cases involving this $mstion area 

KaDermtt v. State, et al, 82 P. (Ed) 568; Globe Grain k 

Killbig, Co. v. Industrial Carmission, et al, 91 P. (Zd) 512; 

i;nsmploynent Compensation Com.ission 01 Zorth Carolina V. 

JeZeroori Standard tire li3sr Co., $ 8. E. (2d) 584; North- 
westemi Mut. Ltfe Ina. Co. f. Ton4 et al, 4 A. (2d) 6166 

In Ra Perdeiak, 19 N. Y. 8. (2d) 1600. 

To determine whether the agent Is free fro5 oontrol or direction of the lnauraltoe oompanY, we refer baok 

to the iaote. Xe fine that th4 ag4nt must attend a msetlng every morning, exaegt Monday, at a given time. He 

nnrst report baok to the ofiloe after he ha8 finished his 

If he 1s late for the mralng meetings, he 

fxes?i to rlilloule by the mmgof~ xfuu&l4to be 

present at a meeting, he notlfles the atanager. lie oolleote 

premiumson oertain d-8 and ~oW~SagiVenn>ute in 80 

do&l& A "md";y 

agent to 800 

leot 4 oertaln 4mouut 8 job. ~austmak4O\rh 

oertain report4 et 04rtai.n qeoifled tlmar. 

.~rom the abow faots, 16 in obofou8 that tha 

agrb3t ie subjsot to n&um kind of oontrol or dimatic?n, 

In the 0884 of Aaerleem Nat. fnrr, 00.". Dea)n, 

4t tie 9s 8. IT. (2d) 870, the t-hUUhtiOn Or App44b h4u 

that am lmuranoe oompany was not liable for the negligent 

not of the agent in the ogeratlo&t of hi8 autimoblle while 

ealloltlng new bwlneea. The ia &n thin oaee are pmotie 

% 

the aam as thaw Involved henr The oourt held 

that prlnolpal dldnothw4thaOt 

the agent whioh would render the prino f 

402 qontr4lc~4r 

pal. Uable for the 

agent0 n4gllg4noe. 

I4 do not belleve that the above oaee ia oontrolllng of the question involved heru. If the Yagialature 

had wqutee these agent@ exempted, why did it repeal tba 

very prorlslon whioh exempted them? We think tb language 

round in the ~reaneries of &mrioa 0~4, supra, 16 enlightenlng. We quote aa follower 

n* * ** The fact that n4lthm the term 

*employee* nor the tern *independent oontllaotor' 

Is mod any where in the Unemployrmnt C4mp4n4atlon not le itt34ir lndioative that the legiel.ature did not intend to UBB the relatiormhipe of 

'independent oontzmtcir or *employer-amployae~, 

as d&incd by the common law, 88 the orlterla 

to determine who are sntftled to benefits under 
Ranarable Cl 8. Itiller, Page 15 

I-, . 

07 the+ 3noaploymllt ",oqpsnoation Aat. The 

wvml 'lJlillvi&usl' le uwd thro*ut the 

not to refer to the person seekidn(; unem- 

~loylne.nt bullefitn. ;:rUlo the term 'en+ 

player' ami 'enploylq unit' am uaed, 

they are ejmoiffoan~ define4 by the hot 

no that they have a Gstinot rmeclng 

wMoh my or may nat coincide with t$e* * ,, 

ordfnary ooMeption or" 'eEIpl0yer. . 

In our cpinfon X0. O-1290, soma lang!stge Watt 

used wtioh ml&t be taken to indloate an opinion that the 

oommon law principlea laid down In our 5tieOsr and 06rvant 

oases tight be looked to Sor the purpose of a~terminln6 

w&itthrr or not a person I# an eatplo~me wlthla thi8 Aot. 

That, howet6r. 16 not n60688ariJ.y tna6. Wh5.10 'an lOY66 

undra that line of oasen woulR un&oubtsOy be an ag To ym 

within the Aot, we do not beUsve that t&e oomver80 w~uliI 

alwayo be true. 

For the reaaone herclAn give&, WB are af tba opinion 

that the agent In @mstion ia ana ban bean dnoe April 1, 

th6 alploymentoftheiaauraoa* ooalpsnywl~ths 

of the Texae unemp10yiMnt aoPrpen8ation hot, 

four8 Y6ry tmly 

ATTORt'G'Y(3RREXAL~T~ 

Glenn R. Lexfe 

AeeiBtMt 

A~'I'OR?JEY GENERAL