Distribution Table: 2024 001

Distribution of Families, Cash Income, and Federal Taxes under 2023 Current Law

(2024 Income Levels)

--- Millions of Families and Billions of Dollars ---

0 to 103 17.8 22.4 98.5 0.1 -6.9 0.6 4.7 1.7 0.0

10 to 20 18.7 36.3 418.3 -20.2 -59.0 2.3 33.0 3.5 0.0

20 to 30 18.7 34.9 628.9 17.6 -48.6 3.8 57.3 5.1 0.0

30 to 40 18.7 33.6 839.0 63.8 -20.4 5.7 72.2 6.2 0.0

40 to 50 18.7 32.7 1,079.6 108.9 7.2 8.5 85.7 7.5 0.0

50 to 60 18.7 33.9 1,400.2 168.8 35.9 13.3 109.8 9.8 0.0

60 to 70 18.7 35.3 1,802.4 259.0 78.1 19.6 148.3 13.0 0.0

70 to 80 18.7 36.0 2,343.2 396.4 150.1 29.1 199.8 17.4 0.0

80 to 90 18.7 37.6 3,285.9 656.7 292.7 47.1 292.4 24.5 0.0

90 to 100 18.7 38.9 9,541.9 2,579.9 1,641.6 325.7 522.1 64.5 25.9

Total3 186.9 343.1 21,214.7 4,238.0 2,070.1 459.8 1,528.0 153.9 26.3

90 to 95 9.3 19.1 2,367.9 539.9 273.9 40.5 208.0 17.5 0.0

95 to 99 7.5 15.7 3,222.5 793.9 480.5 77.7 213.5 22.3 0.0

99 to 99.9 1.7 3.7 2,067.6 614.0 445.1 79.9 74.2 13.8 1.0

Top .1 0.2 0.4 1,883.9 632.0 442.2 127.6 26.4 10.9 24.9

--- Percent Distribution ---

0 to 103 9.5 6.5 0.5 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.0

10 to 20 10.0 10.6 2.0 -0.5 -2.8 0.5 2.2 2.3 0.0

20 to 30 10.0 10.2 3.0 0.4 -2.3 0.8 3.7 3.3 0.0

30 to 40 10.0 9.8 4.0 1.5 -1.0 1.2 4.7 4.0 0.0

40 to 50 10.0 9.5 5.1 2.6 0.3 1.8 5.6 4.9 0.0

50 to 60 10.0 9.9 6.6 4.0 1.7 2.9 7.2 6.4 0.0

60 to 70 10.0 10.3 8.5 6.1 3.8 4.3 9.7 8.5 0.0

70 to 80 10.0 10.5 11.0 9.4 7.3 6.3 13.1 11.3 0.0

80 to 90 10.0 10.9 15.5 15.5 14.1 10.2 19.1 15.9 0.0

90 to 100 10.0 11.3 45.0 60.9 79.3 70.8 34.2 41.9 98.8

Total3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

90 to 95 5.0 5.6 11.2 12.7 13.2 8.8 13.6 11.4 0.0

95 to 99 4.0 4.6 15.2 18.7 23.2 16.9 14.0 14.5 0.1

99 to 99.9 0.9 1.1 9.7 14.5 21.5 17.4 4.9 9.0 3.8

Top .1 0.1 0.1 8.9 14.9 21.4 27.8 1.7 7.1 94.9

 --- Average Rates 4 ---

0 to 103 0.1 -7.0 0.6 4.8 1.7 0.0

10 to 20 -4.8 -14.1 0.6 7.9 0.8 0.0

20 to 30 2.8 -7.7 0.6 9.1 0.8 0.0

30 to 40 7.6 -2.4 0.7 8.6 0.7 0.0

40 to 50 10.1 0.7 0.8 7.9 0.7 0.0

50 to 60 12.1 2.6 1.0 7.8 0.7 0.0

60 to 70 14.4 4.3 1.1 8.2 0.7 0.0

70 to 80 16.9 6.4 1.2 8.5 0.7 0.0

80 to 90 20.0 8.9 1.4 8.9 0.7 0.0

90 to 100 27.0 17.2 3.4 5.5 0.7 0.3

Total

3 20.0 9.8 2.2 7.2 0.7 0.1

90 to 95 22.8 11.6 1.7 8.8 0.7 0.0

95 to 99 24.6 14.9 2.4 6.6 0.7 0.0

99 to 99.9 29.7 21.5 3.9 3.6 0.7 0.0

Top .1 33.5 23.5 6.8 1.4 0.6 1.3

Office of Tax Analysis

U.S. Department of Treasury October 30, 2023

Individual 

Income Taxes

Corporate 

Income Taxes Payroll Taxes Excises and Customs Duties

Estate and Gift 

Taxes3

Adjusted Family 

Cash Income 

Decile1

Number of 

Families 

Number of 

Individuals

Family Cash 

Income

Total Federal 

Taxes2
1

 Cash Income consists of wages and salaries, net income from a business or farm, taxable and tax-exempt interest, dividends, rental income, realized capital gains, unrealized gains at 

death, cash and near-cash transfers from the government, retirement benefits, and employer-provided health insurance (and other employer benefits). Employer contributions for payroll 

taxes and the federal corporate income tax are added to place cash on a pre-tax basis. Families are placed into deciles based on cash income adjusted for family size, by dividing income by 

the square root of family size. 2

 The taxes included are individual and corporate income, payroll (Social Security, Medicare and unemployment), excises, customs duties, and estate and gift taxes. The individual income 

tax is assumed to be borne by payers, payroll taxes (employer and employee shares) by labor (wages and self-employment income), excises on purchases by individuals in proportion to 

relative consumption of the taxed good and proportionately by labor and capital income and excises on purchases by businesses and customs duties proportionately by labor and capital 

income, and the estate and gift taxes by decedents. The share of the corporate income tax that represents cash flow is assumed to have no burden in the long run; the share of the corporate 

income tax that represents a tax on supernormal returns is assumed to be borne by supernormal corporate capital income as held by shareholders; and the remainder of the corporate 

income tax, the normal return, is assumed to be borne equally by labor and positive normal capital income. Payroll taxes also include the employer shared responsibility payment as part of 

the 'employer mandate' under the Affordable Care Act. 3

 Families with negative incomes are excluded from the lowest income decile but included in the total line. Families with negative income pay a significant share of the estate tax. 4

 Average tax rates are calculated as total tax burden for the income group divided by cash income for the income group. Negative average tax rates are shown when net federal tax burdens 

are negative for the income group.

Note: Percentiles begin for an average family (2 people) at family size-adjusted cash income of: $15,525 for 10 to 20; $30,301 for 20 to 30; $42,780 for 30 to 40; $56,512 for 40 to 50; 

$72,531 for 50 to 60; $91,675 for 60 to 70; $115,956 for 70 to 80; $151,983 for 80 to 90; $220,803 for 90 to 95; $310,680 for 95 to 99; $713,506 for 99 to 99.9 and $3,166,003 for Top .1.