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File Name: 05a0453p.06

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT _________________

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

Plaintiff-Appellee,

v.

KARSON L. ADKINS,

Defendant-Appellant.

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No. 04-5474

Appeal from the United States District Court

for the Western District of Kentucky at Paducah.

No. 03-00031—Thomas B. Russell, District Judge.

Submitted: June 3, 2005

Decided and Filed: November 23, 2005 

Before: RYAN, MOORE, and COOK, Circuit Judges. 

_________________

COUNSEL

ON BRIEF: Jeffrey P. Alford, HOLLOWAY, LONG & ALFORD, Paducah, Kentucky, for

Appellant. Monica Wheatley, Terry M. Cushing, ASSISTANT UNITED STATES ATTORNEYS,

Louisville, Kentucky, for Appellee.

RYAN, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which COOK, J., joined. MOORE, J. (p. 3),

delivered a separate opinion concurring in the judgment.

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OPINION _________________

RYAN, Circuit Judge. In this direct appeal, the defendant, Karson L. Adkins, alleges that

his Sixth Amendment right to trial by jury was violated because his prison sentence is based, in part,

upon facts found by the sentencing judge that were neither admitted by Adkins nor found by a jury.

We do not agree. The facts relevant to the district court’s determination that Adkins would be

sentenced to ten years’ imprisonment were meticulously presented in a detailed Presentence

Investigation Report (PSR). Adkins failed to object to the PSR and is therefore deemed to have

admitted the facts therein. Therefore, we will AFFIRM his sentence. 

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No. 04-5474 United States v. Adkins Page 2

I.

Adkins pleaded guilty to conspiracy to manufacture methamphetamine, in violation of 21

U.S.C. § 846; possession of pseudoephedrine with intent to manufacture a controlled substance, in

violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(c); and, possession of equipment, chemicals, products, and materials

with intent to manufacture methamphetamine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 843(a)(6). The indictment

attributed to Adkins only a “detectable amount of methamphetamine,” and his guilty plea did not

state a specific drug quantity. It was, in that respect, a so-called “open” plea. According to the PSR,

which was provided to Adkins prior to his sentencing, Adkins possessed 9.59 grams of

methamphetamine. Based on this drug quantity, and after an adjustment for Adkins’s acceptance

of responsibility, the PSR recommended a Guidelines sentence of 92 to 115 months’ imprisonment.

At the sentencing hearing, the judge asked Adkins’s counsel if he and Adkins had reviewed the PSR.

Adkins’s counsel responded that they had. The judge then asked if there were any objections to the

PSR. Adkins’s counsel responded that they had no objections to the PSR. 

Four months prior to sentencing, the government filed an information and notice pursuant

to 21 U.S.C. § 851, stating that Adkins was subject to enhanced penalties because he had previously

been convicted of a felony drug offense. Given the prior drug conviction, and the fact that,

according to the PSR, the current violation involved more than five grams of methamphetamine, the

government argued that Adkins was subject to a mandatory minimum sentence of ten years’

imprisonment pursuant to 21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(1)(B)(viii). Adkins did not object to any of the facts

supporting this sentence. The court sentenced Adkins to the mandatory minimum term of ten years’

imprisonment. 

II.

Adkins argues, for the first time in this appeal, that he was sentenced in violation of his

Sixth Amendment right to trial by jury. The PSR asserted that Adkins possessed 9.59 grams of

methamphetamine, a fact necessary to sustain Adkins’s ten-year mandatory minimum sentence.

Assuming that a factual finding by the trial court as to the amount of the drug Adkins possessed

would violate his Sixth Amendment right, Adkins is nevertheless not entitled to relief because, by

explicitly declining to object to the drug amount attributed to him in the PSR, Adkins admitted that

fact. United States v. Stafford, 258 F.3d 465, 476 (6th Cir. 2001). Therefore, his Sixth Amendment

right to trial by jury, as interpreted by the Supreme Court in a line of cases, up to, and including

United States v. Booker, 125 S. Ct. 738 (2005), was not violated. 

Adkins has presented no other cognizable claims on appeal. 

III.

Finding no error in Adkins’s sentence, we AFFIRM. 
No. 04-5474 United States v. Adkins Page 3

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CONCURRING IN THE JUDGMENT

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KAREN NELSON MOORE, Circuit Judge, concurring in the judgment. I concur in the

judgment. I note that this case involves the application of a mandatory minimum sentence pursuant

to 21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(1)(B)(viii). If Adkins had been given a Guidelines sentence, we would vacate

and remand for resentencing pursuant to United States v. Barnett, 398 F.3d 516 (6th Cir.), cert.

dismissed, 126 S. Ct. 33 (2005).