Filed 6/27/14 Cameron D. v. Superior Court CA4/1

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COURT OF APPEAL, FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

DIVISION ONE

STATE OF CALIFORNIA

CAMERON D. et al.,

Petitioners,

v.

THE SUPERIOR COURT OF SAN 

DIEGO COUNTY,

Respondent;

 D065584

 (San Diego County

 Super. Ct. No. J518683)

SAN DIEGO COUNTY HEALTH AND 

HUMAN SERVICES AGENCY et al.,

Real Parties in Interest.

PROCEEDINGS for extraordinary relief after reference to a Welfare and Institutions Code 

section 366.26 hearing. Kimberlee A. Lagotta, Judge. Petition granted; stay vacated.

Dependency Legal Group of San Diego and John P. McCurley for Petitioner Cameron D.

Dependency Legal Group of San Diego and Tracy M. De Soto for Petitioner Jessica D.
2

Thomas E. Montgomery, County Counsel, John E. Philips, Chief Deputy County Counsel, 

and Dana C. Shoffner, Deputy County Counsel, for Real Party in Interest San Diego County 

Health and Human Services Agency.

Cameron D. seeks writ review of an order denying his petition under Welfare and 

Institutions Code section 3881 in the juvenile dependency case of his minor son, Jaylen D. The 

petition seeks to place Jaylen in the home of Beverly J., Cameron's mother, rather than foster 

care. Cameron contends the court abused its discretion by not applying the relative placement 

preference (§ 361.3) and determining that placement with Beverly was not in Jaylen's best 

interests. Jaylen's mother, Jessica D., joins Cameron's writ petition. We conclude that the 

juvenile court prejudicially erred by not applying section 361.3 and therefore abused its 

discretion. We grant the writ petition.

FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

On May 7, 2013, the San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency (the Agency) 

petitioned the juvenile court under section 300, subdivision (b), on behalf of eight-week-old 

Jaylen. At birth, Jaylen tested positive for methadone and suffered symptoms of severe 

withdrawal. Jaylen required treatment in a neonatal intensive care unit from birth through the 

filing of the petition. Jayden's mother, Jessica, used alcohol and drugs while pregnant and had a 

history of heroin, marijuana, and methamphetamine use. The Agency concluded that Jaylen had 

suffered, or was at substantial risk of suffering, serious physical harm or illness as a result of 

Jessica's failure to protect Jaylen or provide for his care. 

 

1 All further statutory references are to the Welfare and Institutions Code unless otherwise 

indicated.
3

At Jaylen's detention hearing, the court found the Agency had made a prima facie showing 

under section 300, subdivision (b), and ordered that Jaylen be detained in out-of-home care. 

Jessica told the Agency that two men could be Jaylen's father, one of whom was Cameron. The 

court ordered paternity testing, which later revealed Cameron to be Jaylen's biological father. 

Cameron told the Agency he had another son, D.D., who was a dependent of the juvenile 

court and placed with his mother Beverly. The Agency reported that Cameron "expressed some 

concerns" with that placement. A couple weeks later, Cameron told the Agency he would like 

Jaylen placed with his father, Jessica's aunt, or his mother Beverly. 

At a settlement conference, the court sustained the allegations of the petition as amended. 

At the contested disposition hearing, the court removed Jaylen from his parents' custody and 

ordered reunification services for Jessica. The court denied services to Cameron based on his 

failure to reunify with D.D. (§ 361.5, subd. (b)(10).) The court ordered that all available family 

members be evaluated for placement prior to the six-month review hearing. Jaylen was placed in 

a confidential foster home. 

The Agency contacted Cameron's father and stepmother to assess potential placement for 

Jaylen. After some thought, they declined to be considered based on concerns over the 

stepmother's health. The Agency also contacted Jessica's relatives for potential placement. The 

Agency did not contact Beverly. 

Approximately four months into Jaylen's dependency case, Beverly contacted the Agency 

social worker responsible for Jaylen and expressed interest in placement. In addition to D.D., 

Beverly was caring for Cameron's two other children, who were also in dependency proceedings. 

The Agency began an assessment but expressed concerns about Beverly's ability to care for 

Jaylen in addition to the three other children, all of whom were under the age of two. 
4

Beverly also had her adult daughter, Kyra, living with her. Kyra is mentally disabled. 

While she assisted with the children's care, such as feeding and bathing them, Beverly would not 

leave Kyra alone with the children. During a visitation between Beverly and Jayden, an Agency 

social worker asked Kyra how she would feel if Jaylen were placed in the home with the three 

other children. According to the social worker, Kyra shook her head and said "[t]hat would be 

too much."

Given its concerns, the Agency requested that Beverly provide information about her 

support system and ask them to attend a team decision making meeting (TDM) with the Agency. 

The purpose of the TDM was to formulate a plan of support for Beverly. After some initial 

hesitation, Beverly attended the TDM with 17 support individuals, including family, church 

family, and family friends. The TDM identified a primary and secondary support system for 

Beverly, which could assist her with routine and emergency care for Jaylen. During the TDM, 

the Agency brought up Kyra's apparent reticence about Jaylen's placement. The Agency social 

worker present reported that Kyra said "yeah" at that point, though Beverly and other members of 

her support system testified that Kyra did not say anything. 

Shortly before the TDM, Cameron filed a petition under section 388 seeking placement of 

Jaylen with his mother Beverly, rather than foster care. Cameron argued that Beverly's 

willingness to care for Jaylen was a change in circumstance. Cameron also argued changed 

circumstances based on the Agency's scheduled TDM, Beverly's attempts to secure a larger home, 

and Beverly's offer to place two children in a Head Start program to help with the burden of their 

care during the day. Cameron argued that placement with Beverly would be in the best interests 

of Jaylen because his relatives, including three half siblings, lived there. Any harm from 
5

removing Jaylen from foster care, where he had thrived, would be outweighed by the benefit of 

growing up with his biological family. 

The Agency opposed, arguing that Jaylen's foster father had provided exceptional care and 

there was no need to change placement. The Agency reiterated its concerns over Beverly's ability 

to care for four small children, as well as supervise Kyra. The Agency also pointed to Beverly's 

reluctance to participate in the TDM and to provide details of Kyra's mental disability. The 

Agency expressed concern that Beverly's care for the three children already in her household

would suffer if Jaylen were placed there as well. 

The court found that Cameron's petition stated a prima facie case and scheduled a hearing

on the merits. The hearing coincided with a contested six-month review hearing in which the

Agency recommended that Jessica's services be terminated. 

At the hearing, Beverly testified that she first became aware of Jaylen's dependency when 

the Agency social worker for Cameron's two younger children told her about him. Beverly 

understood that a social worker responsible for Jaylen would contact her directly. Jaylen's 

Agency social worker testified that she received Beverly's contact information from her 

colleague, but she did not attempt to contact Beverly. When Beverly did not hear anything, she 

contacted Jaylen's social worker herself. 

Beverly wanted to care for Jaylen because "he's my grandson, he's my flesh and blood, and 

all of the family want to meet him." She wanted Jaylen to grow up with his family and his three 

half siblings. Beverly had cared for two-year-old D.D. since he was an infant. The other two 

children, twins who were a year old, had been in her care for approximately six months. None of 

the children had special needs. Beverly and Kyra take care of the children, and Beverly has used 

day care in the past when she needed to leave the house. Her family and church friends are also 
6

willing to help out. But Beverly did not feel overwhelmed caring for the children and had never 

heard Kyra express unhappiness. Several members of Beverly's support system also testified that 

they had helped with the children in the past and were willing to do so in the future. They had 

observed Beverly with the children and believed she was an excellent caregiver. Beverly does not 

work outside the home. 

In response to the Agency's concerns, Beverly obtained a larger car to transport all of the 

children. Beverly also requested federal assistance for a larger home, as her current home only 

has two bedrooms. The three children slept in cribs in one bedroom, and Kyra slept in the second 

bedroom. Beverly obtained a crib for Jaylen, and she planned to have him sleep in Kyra's room. 

Beverly slept in the living room. 

The Agency social worker assigned to Jaylen's case testified that Jaylen had a warm and 

bonded relationship with his foster father, George M. George was willing to adopt Jayden. Prior 

to placement, George often visited Jaylen in the hospital. When Jaylen was discharged, he was 

placed immediately with George. Agency reports showed George to be an exceptionally attentive 

caregiver, and Jaylen's recovery had exceeded expectations. Nothing about Jaylen's placement 

necessitated a change. The social worker was concerned that Jaylen would not get the same 

quality of care with Beverly given the other children in the household. While George had two 

other foster children in his home, they were aged seven and eight. On cross-examination, 

however, the social worker agreed that Beverly's TDM support plan obviated the Agency's 

concerns about Beverly's ability to care for Jaylen and her other children. The social worker 

stated, "Yes, it would take care of the concern of her ability with -- to care for four children."
7

Jaylen was bonded to his foster brothers. He had no bond to his half siblings in Beverly's 

care. Beverly had only visited Jaylen once, and the Agency appears to have had difficulty 

scheduling further visits because of resource constraints.

Cameron testified at trial as well. He told the Agency in the early stages of Jaylen's 

dependency case that he would like Jaylen placed with Beverly. He did not provide the Agency 

with Beverly's phone number because he forgot it. Cameron did not always get along with 

Beverly, but he denied telling the Agency that she should not have custody of his children. 

Jessica joined in Cameron's petition. Jaylen's counsel, along with the Agency, opposed. 

After hearing argument on Jaylen's best interests and the applicability of the relative placement 

preference (§ 361.3), the court denied Cameron's petition. The court explained that Cameron had 

shown a change in circumstances, but that a change in placement would not serve the best 

interests of the child. At the hearing, the court explained as follows:

"[T]he court finds that the case law previously cited does not support the 

change of orders at this stage. Specifically In re Lauren R. [(2007) 148 

Cal.App.4th 841] indicates that the relative placement preference applies at 

initial removal and placement and whenever a new placement must be made.

"Unfortunately, we are past jurisdiction and disposition, which occurred 

back in August of 2013.

"At this point the [section] 361.3 relative placement preference is not 

applicable at this time. In addition, the court does not find at this point that

there has been evidence presented that indicates that a new placement is 

needed.

"To the contrary, the court heard evidence, as well as the stipulation of all 

sides, based upon the letter presented by [George], that he is being well cared 

for, he is loved, and he is in a stable placement."

The court emphasized that Beverly was "a truly wonderful and caring grandmother" and its 

ruling was not based on any fault on her part. Instead, the court stated, "At this stage, given the 
8

fact there is no relationship yet between grandmother or half[]siblings, it would be detrimental to 

change placement from the licensed foster home to the paternal grandmother, [Beverly]." The 

court criticized the Agency's failure to involve Beverly in Jaylen's dependency case:

"The court is very disappointed with the Agency's failure to facilitate the 

assessment of placement with [Beverly] until January of this year, as well as 

the TDM that occurred in March. [¶] . . . [¶]

"I'm so disappointed in the lack of effort that the Agency has made to 

facilitate a relationship between [Beverly] and Jaylen as well as his 

half[]siblings."

The court ordered twice-weekly visitation between Beverly and Jaylen, with discretion to permit 

overnight and 60-day trial visits. The court noted that the Agency should consider "future relative 

placement with [Beverly] . . . ."

The court proceeded with the six-month review hearing. Following a review of the 

exhibits and argument, the court found Jessica had not made substantial progress with her case 

plan, there was not a substantial probability that Jaylen would be returned to Jessica by the 12-

month date, and termination of Jessica's services was appropriate. The court scheduled a 

selection and implementation hearing under section 366.26. 

Cameron filed a notice of appeal from the court's order denying his petition. Jessica filed a 

notice of intent to file a writ petition. (Cal. Rules of Court, rule 8.450.) Because Cameron 

challenged an order made during a hearing in which a selection and implementation hearing under 

section 366.26 was set, we ordered that Cameron's appeal proceed by petition for writ review. (In 

re Merrick V. (2004) 122 Cal.App.4th 235, 247.) Jessica joins in Cameron's writ petition, but she 

does not challenge any other aspects of the hearing.
9

DISCUSSION

I

"Any parent or other person having an interest in a child who is a dependent child of the 

juvenile court . . . may, upon grounds of change of circumstance or new evidence, petition the 

court . . . for a hearing to change, modify, or set aside any order of court previously made . . . ." 

(§ 388, subd. (a)(1).) "If the petition filed under section 388[, subdivision] (a) . . . states a change 

of circumstance or new evidence and it appears that the best interest of the child, nonminor, or 

nonminor dependent may be promoted by the proposed change of order or termination of 

jurisdiction, the court may grant the petition . . . ." (Cal. Rules of Court, rule 5.570(e)(1); see also 

In re B.D. (2008) 159 Cal.App.4th 1218, 1228.)

"We review the grant or denial of a petition for modification under section 388 for an 

abuse of discretion. [Citations.] The abuse of discretion standard gives the court substantial 

latitude. However, the scope of the court's discretion is determined by the legal principles 

governing the subject of the action. A judicial determination that falls outside the applicable 

principles of law constitutes an abuse of discretion." (In re Y.M. (2012) 207 Cal.App.4th 892, 

918; see also In re B.D., supra, 159 Cal.App.4th at p. 1228.) "[A] court abuses its discretion 

when it applies incorrect legal standards [citation]." (In re Shannon M. (2013) 221 Cal.App.4th 

282, 289.) Cameron bears the burden of showing that the juvenile court abused its discretion in 

denying his petition under section 388. (See In re Cliffton B. (2000) 81 Cal.App.4th 415, 423.)

II

The juvenile court found the resolution of any concerns about Beverly's ability to care for 

Jaylen, including the Agency's concession that its own concerns had been resolved, constituted a 

change in circumstances under section 388. Neither Cameron nor the Agency challenges this 
10

finding in this court. Instead, Cameron contends the juvenile court abused its discretion with 

respect to the second prong, the best interests of the child. Cameron argues the juvenile court 

erred by not applying the relative placement preference under section 361.3 in assessing 

Cameron's request that Jaylen's placement be changed from foster care to Cameron's mother 

Beverly. The Agency counters that section 361.3 applies only at disposition or when a new 

placement is needed. Because Jaylen's disposition hearing occurred six months before Cameron's 

petition was filed, and Jaylen was not otherwise in need of a new placement, the Agency argues 

that section 361.3 does not apply.

Section 361.3, subdivision (a) states, "In any case in which a child is removed from the 

physical custody of his or her parents pursuant to Section 361, preferential consideration shall be 

given to a request by a relative of the child for placement of the child with the relative . . . ." 

" 'Preferential consideration' means that the relative seeking placement shall be the first placement 

to be considered and investigated." (§ 361.3, subd. (c)(1).) "[T]he statute express[es] a command 

that relatives be assessed and considered favorably, subject to the juvenile court's consideration of 

the suitability of the relative's home and the best interest of the child." (In re Stephanie M. (1994) 

7 Cal.4th 295, 320 (Stephanie M.).) Among other things, the statute identifies a number of factors 

the court should consider when assessing a potential relative placement. (§ 361, subd. (a)(1)-(8).)

We disagree with the Agency's contention that the relative placement preference does not 

apply in the context of Cameron's petition under section 388. "Appellate court decisions have 

consistently held that the relative placement preference applies at least through the family 

reunification period. [Citations.] During the reunification period, the preference applies 

regardless of whether a new placement is required or is otherwise being considered by the 

dependency court." (In re Joseph T. (2008) 163 Cal.App.4th 787, 795 (Joseph T.); see also 10 
11

Witkin, Summary of Cal. Law (2014 supp.) Parent and Child, § 638, p. 420.) Because 

reunification services were being provided to Jaylen's mother, Jessica, at the time of the petition 

and hearing, the relative placement preference applied. (See ibid.)

The Agency relies on two decisions from this District that appear to contain contrary 

language. (See In re Lauren R. (2007) 148 Cal.App.4th 841, 854 (Lauren R.); In re N.V. (2010) 

189 Cal.App.4th 25, 31 (N.V.).) These decisions did not squarely decide the applicability of 

section 361.3 in this context. 

In Lauren R., the court considered whether the relative placement preference applied in the 

context of a placement for adoption. (Lauren R., supra, 148 Cal.App.4th at p. 855.) The court 

found that the relative placement preference did not apply to adoption; rather, the caretaker 

preference under section 366.26, subdivision (k) applied. (Ibid. ["Unlike the relative placement 

preference, the caretaker preference applies specifically to applications for adoption."]; see also In 

re Sarah S. (1996) 43 Cal.App.4th 274, 284-285.) Under the plain language of the caretaker 

preference, "[i]t applies to a person who is caring for a child 'for whom the court has approved a 

permanent plan of adoption, or who has been freed for adoption." (Lauren R., at p. 856, quoting 

§ 366.26, subd. (k).) Neither of these circumstances apply here.

As the Agency points out, Lauren R. interpreted the relative placement preference 

narrowly: "The preference applies at the dispositional hearing and thereafter 'whenever a new 

placement of the child must be made . . . .' (§ 361.3, subd. (d).)" (Lauren R., supra, 148 

Cal.App.4th at p. 854.) Section 361.3, subdivision (d) states in relevant part: "Subsequent to the 

[dispositional] hearing . . . , whenever a new placement of the child must be made, consideration 

for placement shall again be given as described in this section to relatives who have not been 

found to be unsuitable and who will fulfill the child's reunification or permanent plan 
12

requirements." This subdivision, which was a later amendment to the statute, identifies an 

additional circumstance where the relative placement preference applies. It does not override 

subdivision (a), which requires that "preferential consideration shall be given to a request by a 

relative of the child for placement of the child with the relative . . . ." (§ 361.3, subd. (a), italics 

added; see also Joseph T., supra, 163 Cal.App.4th at p. 795 ["Nothing in the language of [§ 361.3, 

subd.] (d) eliminates the relative placement preference when a qualified relative comes forward 

after the initial placement and during the family reunification period and seeks placement of the 

child."].) 

Our interpretation of the relative placement preference "was the law at the time [section 

361.3] subdivision (d) was enacted and there is nothing in the plain language of the subdivision to 

change that law." (Joseph T., supra, 163 Cal.App.4th at p. 795; see also In re Jessica Z. (1990) 

225 Cal.App.3d 1089, 1099; 10 Witkin, Summary of Cal. Law (10th ed. 2005) Parent and Child, 

§ 638, p. 774.) As the court in Joseph T. explained, the legislative history of subdivision (d) and 

public policies favoring relative placement likewise support our interpretation. (Joseph T., at pp. 

795-798.)

Similar language in this court's decision in N.V., which relied on Lauren R., is 

unpersuasive for the same reasons. (See N.V., supra, 189 Cal.App.4th at p. 31 ["Once a child is 

placed in the home of a nonrelative at the dispositional hearing, the relative placement preference 

does not arise again until 'a new placement of the child must be made.' [Citations.]"].) Again, the 

specific application of section 361.3 here was not directly at issue. In N.V., this court considered 

an appeal from a disposition order where the relative placement preference plainly applied. (N.V., 

at pp. 29-30.) The mother of the dependent children contended that the juvenile court erred 

during the dispositional hearing by excluding evidence relating to the Agency's failure to approve 
13

a relative's home for placement of the children. (Ibid.) The Agency contended the evidence was 

irrelevant because the court could not place the children in an unapproved home and the relative 

had a pending grievance proceeding with the Agency. (Id. at p. 29.) 

On appeal, this court determined that the juvenile court should have admitted the evidence. 

(N.V., supra, 189 Cal.App.4th at p. 31.) Because the Agency could not predict how long the 

grievance proceedings would last, the juvenile court should have considered the evidence in order 

to provide meaningful review of the Agency's determination that the relative's home was 

unsuitable. (Ibid.) One of the circumstances animating this court's concern about the length of 

the grievance proceedings was the potential inapplicability of the relative placement preference 

after the disposition hearing, as stated in Lauren R. (N.V., at p. 31.) As we have explained, we 

disagree with this interpretation of the relative placement preference. "[A]t least through the 

reunification period, when a relative voluntarily comes forward at a time when a new placement 

is not required, the relative is entitled to the preference and the court and the social worker are 

obligated to evaluate that relative . . . ." (Joseph T., supra, 163 Cal.App.4th at p. 794.) 

The juvenile court therefore erred in determining that section 361.3 did not apply. Because 

the court had an erroneous understanding of the legal principles governing its decision, the court 

abused its discretion in denying Cameron's petition. (See In re Y.M., supra, 207 Cal.App.4th at 

p. 918; In re B.D., supra, 159 Cal.App.4th at p. 1228; In re Shannon M., supra, 221 Cal.App.4th 

at p. 289.)

III

Despite the juvenile court's erroneous determination that the relative placement preference 

did not apply to Cameron's petition under section 388, the Agency argues that any error was 

harmless because the court determined that placement with Cameron's mother, Beverly, was not 
14

in Jaylen's best interests. In Joseph T., for example, the court explained that "the record contains 

ample evidence that the [relative placement] preference was overridden in this case," and thus the 

juvenile court's failure to apply the preference was harmless. (Joseph T., supra, 163 Cal.App.4th 

at p. 798.) Similarly, the Supreme Court in Stephanie M. adopted the view that "regardless of the 

relative placement preference, the fundamental duty of the court is to assure the best interests of 

the child . . . ." (Stephanie M., supra, 7 Cal.4th at p. 321.) Thus, "[t]he question before the 

juvenile court at the hearing on change of placement was, at bottom, to determine whether a 

change of placement was in the best interest of the child." (Ibid.) However, the Supreme Court 

in Stephanie M. did not consider a situation, as we do here, where the juvenile court was unaware 

that the relative placement preference applied. (See Stephanie M., at p. 320 ["[T]he record does 

not indicate that the trial court refused to apply the relative placement preference at the 

hearing . . . ."].) 

Under the circumstances of this case, as we shall explain, we cannot say that "ample 

evidence" showed that the relative placement preference was overridden or that there was no 

reasonable probability that the juvenile court would have reached a decision more favorable to 

Cameron had it been aware that the relative placement preference applied. (See Joseph T., supra, 

163 Cal.App.4th at p. 798; People v. Watson (1956) 46 Cal.2d 818, 836.)

The best interests of a child " 'is an elusive guideline that belies rigid definition.' " (In re 

Ethan N. (2004) 122 Cal.App.4th 55, 66.) However, "[p]lacement with a suitable relative is 

presumptively in the child's best interest. (§§ 309, 319, 361.3, subd. (a), 16000, subd. (a), 

16501.1, subd. (c)(1).)" (In re Esperanza C. (2008) 165 Cal.App.4th 1042, 1060, italics added.) 

The evidence showed that Jaylen's foster father was an extraordinary caregiver and that Jaylen 

was thriving in his home. But the evidence also showed that Beverly was an energetic, able, and 
15

caring individual to whom the Agency had already entrusted three young children. While the 

Agency initially had concerns about Beverly's ability to care for Jaylen in addition to his three 

half siblings, the Agency social worker responsible for Jaylen testified that further information 

about Beverly and her support system had resolved the Agency's concerns.

In reaching its decision here, the juvenile court noted its view that the relative placement 

preference was inapplicable. The court described Beverly as "a truly wonderful and caring 

grandmother" but emphasized that Beverly "has not had the opportunity to establish a relationship 

or a bond with Jaylen." The court explained, "At this stage, given the fact there is no relationship 

yet between [Beverly] or half[]siblings, it would be detrimental to change placement from the 

licensed foster home to the paternal grandmother, [Beverly]. [¶] The court is compelled at this 

time to deny the [section] 388 petition, based upon the case law and the evidence presented at this 

hearing." The court expressed disappointment with the Agency's delay in assessing Beverly for 

placement and its inadequate efforts in facilitating visitation between Beverly and Jaylen. In its 

brief to this court, the Agency "acknowledges its initial efforts to locate relatives early in the case 

appear to be less than diligent."

The Agency's failure to promptly contact and assess Beverly, and to give her a fair chance 

at placement, fell short of the Agency's obligations under section 361.3. (See § 361.3, subd. (a); 

see also In re Antonio G. (2007) 159 Cal.App.4th 369, 377.) "While we understand the urgency 

involved in securing a stable placement for dependent children, [the Agency] is required to give a 

fair chance to a relative seeking placement. The correct application of the relative placement 

preference places the relative 'at the head of the line when the court is determining which 

placement is in the child's best interests.' " (Cesar V. v. Superior Court (2001) 91 Cal.App.4th 

1023, 1033.)
16

Two weeks into Jaylen's dependency case, Cameron notified the Agency that he would 

like Beverly considered for placement. Once Cameron was confirmed to be Jaylen's father, at the 

latest, the Agency should have promptly contacted and assessed Beverly to give her a fair chance 

to obtain placement. (See Welf. & Inst. Code, § 309, subd. (e)(1); § 16000, subd. (a); Fam. Code, 

§ 7950, subd. (a)(1); see also Welf. & Inst. Code, § 361.3.) However, the Agency social worker 

responsible for Jaylen did not contact Beverly at that time, nor did she contact Beverly after her 

colleague provided Beverly's contact information to her after Beverly's own inquiry. Only 

through Beverly's persistence in reaching Jaylen's social worker did the Agency eventually begin 

to consider placement of Jaylen with Beverly.

Given the Agency's failure to satisfy its statutory obligations, the evidence presented at the 

hearing, and the court's reliance on its determination that the relative placement preference did not 

apply, we cannot say that "ample evidence" showed that the relative placement preference was 

overridden or that there was no reasonable probability that the juvenile court would have reached 

a decision more favorable to Cameron had it been aware that the relative placement preference 

applied. (See Joseph T., supra, 163 Cal.App.4th at p. 798; People v. Watson, supra, 46 Cal.2d at 

p. 836; see also Cesar V. v. Superior Court, supra, 91 Cal.App.4th at p. 1033.) "Section 361.3 

promotes a preference for foster placement with relative caregivers as set forth in Family Code 

section 7950 and helps meet 'the statutory requirement of section 16000 of the Welfare and 

Institutions Code that a child live in the least restrictive and most family[-]like setting possible.' " 

(In re Antonio G., supra, 159 Cal.App.4th at p. 377.) If the juvenile court had been aware of the 

application of section 361.3 here, we find it reasonably probable its decision on Cameron's 

petition would have been different.
17

We emphasize, however, that the relative placement preference does not guarantee

placement with a relative. (Joseph T., supra, 163 Cal.App.4th at p. 798.) Nor does it create an 

evidentiary presumption that relative placement is in a child's best interests. (Stephanie M., 

supra, 7 Cal.4th at p. 320.) "The statute acknowledges . . . that the court is not to presume that a 

child should be placed with a relative, but is to determine whether such a placement is 

appropriate, taking into account the suitability of the relative's home and the best interest of the 

child." (Id. at p. 321.) We express no opinion regarding the merits of Jaylen's placement with 

Beverly and whether such a placement would be in Jaylen's best interests when properly 

considered under section 361.3. It may well be true that the interests of stability and continuity 

for Jaylen will prevail over familial bonds that, at least at the time of the juvenile court's hearing, 

were merely potential. (See Stephanie M., at p. 317.) This question should be decided in the first 

instance by the juvenile court, however, under the governing legal standards. On rehearing, the 

juvenile court should consider the relevant facts regarding Jaylen's placement and Beverly's 

suitability, including the results of any additional visitation that may have occurred between 

Jaylen and Beverly.

DISPOSITION

Let a writ of mandate issue directing the juvenile court to vacate its March 14, 2014, order 

denying Cameron's petition under section 388 and to enter a new order directing the Agency to 

assess Jaylen's placement with Beverly under section 361.3. After the assessment is complete, the 

juvenile court shall hold a new hearing on Cameron's petition in accordance with the views 

expressed in this opinion. 
18

The stay issued on June 26, 2014, is vacated. Once the relative placement issue is heard 

and resolved, the juvenile court may reschedule its selection and implementation hearing under 

section 366.26.

NARES, Acting P. J.

WE CONCUR:

MCINTYRE, J.

AARON, J.