Technical Support Document 

for 

Recommended Nonattainment Boundaries in Michigan 

for the 

1-Hour Sulfur Dioxide National Ambient 

Air Quality Standard 

Michigan Department of Environmental Quality 

Air Quality Division 

June 2011 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page No.

Introduction .......................................................................................................1 

Regulatory History in Michigan .........................................................................1 

Nonattainment Area..........................................................................................2 

Air Quality Data.................................................................................................3 

Emissions-Related Data ...................................................................................6 

Emissions and Meteorology..............................................................................9 

Geography/Topography...................................................................................14 

Jurisdictional Boundaries .................................................................................15 

Conclusions .....................................................................................................15 

FIGURES

1 Recommended Nonattainment Area for Wayne County, MI...................2 

2 Location of SO2/Trace SOY Monitors in 2010.........................................3 

3 Annual Average 99th Percentile for SO2 Monitoring Data in 

 Wayne County........................................................................................5 

4 Hourly SO2 (2008-2010) Allen Park against SWHS ...............................6 

5 SO2 Sources in Southeast Michigan ......................................................8 

6 SO2 Sources in Wayne County including the Monitors and 

 Recommended Nonattainment Area ......................................................9 

7 Wind Roses for the SWHS and Allen Park Monitors for 2008-2010......11 

8 SO2 Concentration Roses Showing Wind Direction During 

 Hours with SO2 Greater than 5 ppb.......................................................12 

9 Nonparametric Wind Regression for SWHS..........................................13 

10 Nonparametric Wind Regression for Allen Park....................................13 

11 Centerlines of the Trajectories for the 2-D Nonparametric SO2

 Regression for All Three Sites Near Detroit ..........................................14 

TABLES

1 SO2 Ambient Air Concentrations for Current Monitoring 

 Sites as well as Former Monitoring Sites in Wayne County ...................4 

Appendix A – MAERS Southeast Michigan Source Emissions, 2009.............A-1 

Appendix B – MAERS Wayne County Source Emissions, 2009.....................B-1 
Page 1

State of Michigan 

Recommendations on 1-Hour Sulfur Dioxide Designations 

June 2011 

Introduction

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) revised the primary National 

Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for sulfur dioxide (SO2) on June 2, 2010. 

To better protect public health, the EPA replaced the 24-hour and annual SO2 

standards, set in 1971, with a new short-term standard based on the 3-year 

average of the 99th percentile of the yearly distribution of 1-hour daily maximum 

concentration. The new level was set at 75 parts per billion (ppb). 

In accordance with Section 107 of the federal Clean Air Act (CAA), within one 

year of a new or revised NAAQS, states are to submit designation 

recommendations to the EPA. The recommendations should include the 

boundaries for areas to be designated as nonattainment. The EPA issued a 

guidance memorandum on March 24, 2011, to direct states on the SO2 

designation process and time line. The memo also contains a description of the 

five factors that the EPA will use to evaluate the states’ recommendations, as 

well as an explanation of the expected use of modeling to support the 

recommendations. 

The analysis and recommendations for the SO2 designation recommendations for 

the State of Michigan have been developed by the Michigan Department of 

Environmental Quality (MDEQ), Air Quality Division, in conjunction with partners 

and stakeholders of the Southeast Michigan Ozone Study committee (SEMOS). 

The excellent contributions of the many technical experts from academia, 

industry, commerce, and nongovernmental organizations have been invaluable in 

this endeavor. 

Regulatory History in Michigan

Michigan established emissions limitations and prohibitions for sulfur-bearing 

compounds for fuel burning equipment in 1976 (Rule 49) under 1965 PA 348, the 

Air Pollution Act, now established in Part 55, Air Pollution Control, of the Natural 

Resources and Environmental Protection Act, 1994 PA 451, as amended (Part 4 

rules). Wayne County operated a local air pollution program for a time. The 

county also adopted sulfur-in-fuel regulations applicable to sources within its 

jurisdiction. The Wayne County sulfur limitations have been incorporated into the 

state’s Part 4 rules, and these rules will be in the Michigan State Implementation 

Plan (SIP), once approved by the EPA. Michigan’s Part 4 rules also limit sulfur 

emissions from oil and gas producing, transporting, or processing and from 

sulfuric acid and sulfur recovery plants. 
Page 2

Federal programs have also provided for SO2 reductions both regionally and 

nationwide, including the federal motor vehicle and motor vehicle fuel control 

program under Title II of the CAA, the New Source Performance Standards 

under Section 111, the Acid Rain Program under Title IV, and the Clean Air 

Interstate Rule, which applies to the eastern half of the U.S. 

Nonattainment Area

The MDEQ recommends a nonattainment area based on a weight of evidence 

(WOE) demonstration that takes into consideration air quality data, emissions 

data, meteorological data, and major SO2 source locations in Wayne County. 

The recommended nonattainment area is shown in Figure 1. The nonattainment 

area is bound by the Canadian border on the east to the Wayne County border 

on the south end, follows Interstate 75 on the west side to Southfield Road (M39) 

to Interstate 94 East (Detroit Industrial Expressway) to Michigan Avenue (US12) 

on the northern boundary. Since the MDEQ has not completed their SO2

modeling for all SO2 sources in the state, the MDEQ is recommending the 

remaining counties and portion of Wayne County in Michigan be designated 

unclassified. The basis for this WOE nonattainment recommendation is 

discussed in the following sections of this document. 

Figure 1. Recommended Nonattainment Area for Wayne County, MI. 

Zug Island 
Page 3

Air Quality Data

The MDEQ currently operates three SO2 monitors in Michigan. Two monitors are 

located in Wayne County, and one is located in Kent County. The Kent County 

monitor and one of the Wayne County monitors show attainment with the SO2

NAAQS. 

The two Wayne County monitors are located at Allen Park and Southwestern 

High School (SWHS). Figure 2 shows the location of these monitors. 

Based on 2008-2010 data, the Allen Park monitor is showing attainment with the 

new 1-hour SO2 NAAQS (75 ppb), with a 3-year average 4th highest daily 

maximum hourly value of 56 ppb. In contrast, the 3-year average 4th highest 

values at the SWHS monitor shows nonattainment at 96 ppb. Wayne County 

had two additional monitors that were shut down in 2007 due to funding issues. 

Values at these monitors were decreasing in 2006 and 2007. In 2007 these 

monitors recorded 1-hour values that would have shown attainment for the 2010 

SO2 NAAQS (See Table 1). 

Figure 2. Location of SO2 Monitors in Michigan. 

Y

E7 Mile 

Linwood 

 Current monitor location 

 Current NA monitor 

 Former monitor location 
Page 4

Table 1. SO2 ambient air concentrations for current monitoring sites as well as 

former monitoring sites in Wayne County. 

1 Hr 1 Hr 1 Hr 1 Hr 1 Hr 1 Hr 1 Hr 1 Hr 1 Hr 1 Hr 1 Hr 1 Hr

Monitor 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 04-06 05-07 06-08 07-09 08-10

Number Name County SO2 SO2 SO2 SO2 SO2 SO2 SO2 SO2 SO2 SO2 SO2 SO2

261630015 SWHS Wayne 130 125 130 111 101 79 107 128 122 114 97 96

261630001 Allen Park Wayne 70 42 57 56

260810020 Grand Rapids Kent 20 23 18 15 13 13 18 20 19 15 13 14

261630016 Linwood* Wayne 76 92 80 50 83 74

261630019 E. 7 Mile* Wayne 53 64 42 17 53 41

*Monitors removed in 2007

Annual Average 99th percentile 3-year average 99th percentile

Figure 3 shows the graphical depiction of the values in Table 1, the annual 99th

percentile of the daily maximum 1-hour values for the current and historical 

monitors in Wayne County from 2004-2010. The most recent annual 99th

percentiles of the 1-hour values are all below the SO2 NAAQS except at the 

SWHS site. 

For the most recent three years, Allen Park is 30 to 50 ppb less than SWHS. 

These monitors are approximately seven miles apart. The Linwood monitor, 

which was removed in 2007, is less than four miles northeast of the SWHS 

monitor. When the Linwood monitor was operating, it was over the 2010 SO2

NAAQS standard in 2004-2006 but showed attainment of the standard for 2005-

2007. Given the significant SO2 reductions that have occurred since the Linwood 

monitor was shut down (low-sulfur gasoline rule, ultra-low sulfur diesel rule, and 

CAIR) and the fact that historically its SO2 concentrations were 30 to 50 ppb less 

than those measured at SWHS, we fully expect that this monitor would likely still 

show attainment in 2008-2010. 
Page 5

Figure 3. Annual average 99th percentile for SO2 monitoring data in Wayne 

County. 

SO2 Monitoring Data ‐ Wayne County

Annual Average 99th Percentile

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Concentration (ppb)

SWHS

Linwood

Allen Park

E. 7 Mile

This difference in the concentrations between the Allen Park and SWHS 

monitoring sites, despite their close proximity, also suggests the sources of the 

elevated concentrations at SWHS are located between the two sites. To further 

evaluate this idea, SWHS monitor data can be graphed against Allen Park data. 

If sources are affecting both monitors similarly (i.e., such as a distant source), the 

data points should show a strong coupling or correlation around a central axis. If 

there is no coupling and data tends to congregate along the axis, it means one 

monitor has high values when the other has low values. Since Allen Park is 

typically upwind of SWHS when the highest 1-hour average SO2 concentrations 

are observed, the sources would have to be located between the two monitors. 

Figure 4 shows there is a weak coupling or correlation between high SO2

concentrations at the Allen Park and SWHS sites, which supports, along with 

other information in this WOE, that SO2 sources located nearby are likely 

culpable. 
Page 6

Figure 4. Hourly SO2 for Allen Park plotted against SWHS for all data and 

truncated at 100 ppb to show greater detail. 

The large concentration differences in these nearby monitors indicate high spatial 

variability of SO2. The SWHS monitor is located very near major SO2 sources in 

Wayne County (see Figure 5). The MDEQ’s recommended nonattainment area 

is supported by the spatial variability of SO2 and the identification of major 

sources discussed further below. 

Emissions-Related Data

Figure 5 shows the location of SO2 sources in Southeast Michigan with either 

actual or permitted emissions of 10 tons or more. Where permit data was 

available, allowable limits were used. If allowable limits were not available, 

reported emissions inventory data for 2009 were used. Figure 6 shows the 

sources in Wayne County, along with the recommended nonattainment area. 

The red dots indicate sources either emitting or permitted to emit more than 

1,000 tons per year of SO2. The orange dots indicate sources between 100 and 

1,000 tons per year of SO2. The yellow dots indicate sources between 10 and 

100 tons per year of SO2. Sources in Southeast Michigan emitting more than 

1 ton of SO2 in 2009 are shown in Appendix A. Sources in Wayne County 
Page 7

emitting more than 1 ton of SO2 in 2009 are shown in Appendix B, including their 

distance and direction from the SWHS monitor. 

The recommended nonattainment area contains most of the SO2 sources 

emitting more than 100 tons in Wayne County. Directly south of the SWHS 

monitor is Zug Island, which is located in the city of River Rouge. This small 

island contains the iron making portion (including blast furnaces and coke 

battery) of one of the two steel mills in the Detroit area. The remaining steel 

making facilities (basic oxygen furnaces and other processing) occur further 

south in the city of Ecorse, Michigan. Just south of Zug Island is one of the four 

power plants included in the MDEQ’s recommended nonattainment area. Two 

other power plants are located 10 and 20 km SSW of the SWHS monitor along 

the Detroit River. Located within five miles south and west of the SWHS monitor 

are the other Detroit area steel mill, the fourth power plant, a wastewater 

treatment plant, a petroleum refinery, an asphalt plant, and a lime processing 

plant. All of these sources are included in the recommended nonattainment area 

(see Figure 6). 

Another potential source of SO2 emissions at SWHS is marine traffic along the 

Detroit River. This river is the only point of access to three of the Great Lakes. 

The SWHS monitor is located less than two miles from the river, and the main 

passage for the river is directly south of the monitor. Thousands of ships 

navigate the river each year, many of which traditionally have burned high sulfur 

bunker oil. 
Page 8

Figure 5. SO2 sources in Southeast Michigan. 

 10-100 tpy sources 

 

 100-1000 tpy sources 

 

 >1000 tpy sources 

 

 Monitor locations 
Page 9

Figure 6. SO2 sources in Wayne County including the monitors and 

recommended nonattainment area. 

Emissions and Meteorology 

Meteorology, wind direction, and wind speed, in particular, indicate movement of 

air around a particular point. Wind roses are particularly useful in visualizing 

where winds are coming from (wind direction) and how fast winds are moving 

(wind speed). The size of the bar indicates the frequency or how often the wind 

is at that particular speed and direction. 

Wind roses were created using meteorological data from 2008-2010 collected at 

each of the two monitor locations. The wind roses for Allen Park and SWHS 

indicate winds from all directions, but more so from the south and west (see 

Figure 7). 

Pollution roses indicate the wind direction of high concentrations of a pollutant. 

They are similar to wind roses, except that the wind speed is replaced by 

pollutant concentration. High pollutant concentrations in a particular wind 

 10-100 tpy sources 

 

 100-1000 tpy sources 

 

 >1000 tpy sources 

 

 Monitor locations 

Nonattainment Boundary
Page 10

direction indicate a source of that pollutant is located in that wind direction in 

relation to the monitor. 

Pollution roses were created for both monitors using 2008-2010 data. The 

majority of hours were below 5 ppb of SO2 (96.97% of Allen Park’s data and 

92.06% of SWHS’s data was below 5 ppb) at both sites. To emphasize the high 

days, a threshold value of 5 ppb of SO2 was used. Although the NAAQS is set at 

75 ppb, using a 75 ppb threshold would not provide enough data to create 

pollution roses, thus, 5 ppb was used. 

Allen Park shows northeast to south wind directions during hours when SO2

concentrations are above 5 ppb. SWHS shows a distinct southerly wind direction 

when SO2 concentrations are above 5 ppb (see Figure 8). As seen in Figure 5, 

eastern Wayne County is very industrialized with several large sources of SO2

south of SWHS and east of Allen Park along the river. Less than two miles 

directly south of the SWHS monitor is an iron making facility, a coke battery, a 

power plant, and the Detroit River, which greatly increase SO2 concentration at 

that monitor. The major sources of SO2 are more than three miles away and 

downwind of the Allen Park monitor and, thus, have little influence on SO2

concentrations at that monitor. 
Page 11

Figure 7. Wind roses for the SWHS and Allen Park monitors for 2008-2010. 

Allen Park

SWHS
Page 12

Figure 8. SO2 concentration roses showing wind direction during hours with SO2

greater than 5 ppb. 

Another analysis that is similar to a concentration rose is called a one 

dimensional nonparametric wind regression (NWR). NWR estimates the 

expected value of concentration as a function of wind direction (Kim and Hopke, 

2004). It is similar to a pollution rose but with more robust mathematical support. 

NWR results can be multiplied by the wind direction frequency distribution to 

determine the contribution of each wind direction to average SO2 mass. This 

analysis is particularly useful for identifying sources and their emissions 

strengths. 

NWR was performed for both SWHS (Figure 9) and Allen Park (Figure 10). The 

SWHS NWR indicates sources directly south of SWHS strongly influencing that 

monitor. The SO2 concentrations from the south are increased by about 

20-25 ppb compared to other wind directions. Also, sources northeast, east, and 

southeast of Allen Park cause a 2-6 ppb increase compared to other wind 

directions. Both of these NWR show excess SO2 concentrations when winds are 

coming from Zug Island (see Figure 9 and Figure 10). 

SO2 conc 

(ppb)
Page 13

Figure 9. Nonparametric wind regression for SWHS. Rings are 5 ppb. 

Figure 10. Nonparametric wind regression for Allen Park. Rings are 2 ppb. 

Another analysis using two-dimensional nonparametric regression was 

performed on SO2 data from three sites near Detroit – Allen Park, SWHS, and 

Windsor West (Canadian site) for the 2008-2010 period. This approach can 

indicate the direction in which sources are located but cannot indicate the 

distance of sources from the monitor location. 

Each site has a strong directional pattern when SO2 is high: SWHS is influenced 

when winds are from the south, Allen Park when winds are from the northeast, 

and Windsor when winds are from the southwest. Figure 11 shows the 

Zug 

Island 

Zug 

Island 
Page 14

centerlines of the dominant source direction from each monitor. They intersect 

on and around Zug Island, which further indicates that an SO2 source(s) there is 

affecting each of the monitors. As stated previously, Zug Island has a steel mill 

and coke battery and just south of the island is a power plant. 

Figure 11. Centerlines of the trajectories for the 2-D nonparametric SO2

regression for all three sites near Detroit. 

Geography/Topography

As one of the EPA’s 5 factors to be used for defining a nonattainment area, 

geography and topography were considered. There are no geographic or 

topographic barriers in this area to affect the nonattainment boundary. 
Page 15

Jurisdictional Boundaries

Jurisdictional boundaries are to be considered as one of the EPA’s 5 factors. 

The recommended nonattainment area includes a portion of the eastern and 

southern boundary of Wayne County with the remaining boundaries being major 

roadways. 

Conclusions

The above data supports the MDEQ’s recommended SO2 nonattainment area. 

The area extends somewhat north to follow a major road, Michigan Avenue, but 

excludes all areas north of Michigan Avenue. The main focus is directly south of 

the SWHS monitor based on pollution roses and nonparametric regression 

analysis. Since the Allen Park monitor is showing attainment, the nonattainment 

area should include areas east of the Allen Park monitor while still capturing the 

largest SO2 sources in Wayne County. 

Highways and the county borders were used as boundaries for the 

nonattainment area because they are easily identified and follow the general 

location of the large SO2 sources in Wayne County. The Wayne County border 

was used on the south end of the recommended nonattainment area since no 

highways were available as a boundary. The Allen Park monitor indicates high 

SO2 concentrations from easterly winds, justifying the western boundary to be 

near the Allen Park monitor. The SWHS monitor indicates highest SO2

concentrations when winds are directly south. The southeast corner of the 

Wayne County is directly south of the Allen Park monitor and further south is 

Lake Erie (see Figure 5). Based on this WOE, high SO2 concentrations are not 

observed when winds are from the west or southwest, therefore, sources or 

counties west and southwest of the Allen Park monitor should not be included in 

the nonattainment area. 

Based on the above data, the MDEQ recommends the nonattainment boundary 

described in Figure 1 of this document.
Page A-1

Appendix A 

Michigan Air Emissions Reporting System (MAERS) 

Southeast Michigan Source Emissions ≥1 Ton SO2

Reporting Year : 2009 

COUNTY SRN SOURCE NAME CITY 

TOTAL 

EMISSION UNITS 

MONROE B2816 DETROIT EDISON/MONROE 

POWER 

MONROE 85899.1 TON(s) 

SAINT CLAIR B2796 ST. CLAIR / BELLE RIVER 

POWER PLANT 

SAINT CLAIR 57001.1 TON(s) 

WAYNE B2811 DETROIT EDISON TRENTON 

CHANNEL 

TRENTON 25443.0 TON(s) 

WAYNE B2810 DETROIT EDISON RIVER 

ROUGE 

RIVER ROUGE 14945.5 TON(s) 

MONROE B2846 J.R. WHITING CO ERIE 6670.4 TON(s) 

WAYNE A7809 U S STEEL GREAT LAKES 

WORKS 

ECORSE & 

RIVER ROUGE 

3851.6 TON(s) 

WAYNE B2132 WYANDOTTE DEPT MUNI 

POWER PLANT 

WYANDOTTE 1268.9 TON(s) 

SAINT CLAIR B6420 E.B. EDDY PAPER INC. PORT HURON 981.8 TON(s) 

MONROE B1743 HOLCIM (US) INC. DUNDEE 698.2 TON(s) 

MONROE B1877 GUARDIAN INDUSTRIES CARLETON 608.6 TON(s) 

WAYNE A8640 SEVERSTAL DEARBORN, LLC DEARBORN 536.7 TON(s) 

SAINT CLAIR A6240 CARGILL SALT INC. SAINT CLAIR 450.7 TON(s) 

OAKLAND N7786 DTE PONTIAC NORTH, LLC PONTIAC 404.7 TON(s) 

WAYNE M4199 GENERAL MOTORS 

HAMTRAMCK 

DETROIT 385.3 TON(s) 

WAYNE N6631 DEARBORN INDUSTRIAL 

GENERATION 

DEARBORN 364.6 TON(s) 

WAYNE M4148 GREATER DETROIT RESOURCE 

RECOVERY FACILITY 

DETROIT 125.3 TON(s) 

MACOMB N5984 PINE TREE ACRES, INC. LENOX 97.4 TON(s) 

WAYNE A9831 MARATHON PETROLEUM 

COMPANY LP 

DETROIT 94.8 TON(s) 

OAKLAND B7227 GENERAL MOTORS LLC - 

ORION ASSEMBLY 

LAKE ORION 68.7 TON(s) 

WAYNE B2169 CARMEUSE LIME Inc, RIVER 

ROUGE OPERATION 

RIVER ROUGE 62.8 TON(s) 

WAYNE B2103 DETROIT WASTEWATER 

TREATMENT PLANT 

DETROIT 54.8 TON(s) 

SAINT CLAIR B6145 DETROIT EDISON 

GREENWOOD ENERGY 

CENTER 

AVOCA 49.5 TON(s) 

WASHTENAW N2688 ARBOR HILLS LANDFILL NORTHVILLE 45.6 TON(s) 

WAYNE N5986 CARLETON FARMS LANDFILL NEW BOSTON 42.4 TON(s) 

WASHTENAW B6237 YPSILANTI COMM. UTILITIES 

AUTHORITY 

YPSILANTI 23.5 TON(s) 

MACOMB N8004 SUMPTER ENERGY 

ASSOCIATES 

LENOX TWP 16.9 TON(s) 

OAKLAND N8086 ARROW RACING ENGINES LLC AUBURN HILLS 11.9 TON(s) 

WAYNE M4469 RIVERVIEW LAND PRESERVE RIVERVIEW 11.9 TON(s) 

WAYNE M4449 WOODLAND MEADOWS RDF WAYNE 11.2 TON(s) 

MONROE B7061 GERDAU MACSTEEL MONROE MONROE 10.5 TON(s) 

SAINT CLAIR A6218 DUNN PAPER, INC. PORT HURON 10.1 TON(s) 

OAKLAND B4032 GENERAL MOTORS LLC - 

PONTIAC NORTH CAMPUS 

PONTIAC 8.5 TON(s) 

WAYNE B6230 FORD MOTOR CO RESEARCH & 

DEV CTR 

DEARBORN 8.1 TON(s) 
Page A-2

COUNTY SRN SOURCE NAME CITY 

TOTAL 

EMISSION UNITS 

MACOMB N2432 A G SIMPSON (USA), Inc. STERLING HTS 8.0 TON(s) 

WAYNE A8638 DETROIT DIESEL 

CORPORATION 

DETROIT 7.8 TON(s) 

OAKLAND N1436 CHRYSLER TECHNOLOGY 

CENTER 

AUBURN HILLS 7.4 TON(s) 

WAYNE B8747 JOHNSON MATTHEY VEHICLE 

TESTING & DEVELOPMENT, LLC 

TAYLOR 5.8 TON(s) 

OAKLAND G5252 OAKLAND CO. SERVICE 

CENTER - CENTRAL STEAM 

PLANT 

PONTIAC 4.0 TON(s) 

SAINT CLAIR N6207 SMITHS CREEK LANDFILL SMITHS CREEK 3.5 TON(s) 

WAYNE M4734 FORD MOTOR CO AUTO 

TRANSMISSION NEW PRODUCT 

CENTER 

LIVONIA 3.0 TON(s) 

OAKLAND N3845 EAGLE VALLEY RECYCLE & 

DISPOSAL FACILITY 

ORION TWP 2.9 TON(s) 

WAYNE A8650 FORD MOTOR CO/WAYNE 

COMPLEX 

WAYNE 2.9 TON(s) 

MACOMB B6660 NORBROOK PLATING, INC. WARREN 2.8 TON(s) 

OAKLAND N6008 OAKLAND HEIGHTS 

DEVELOPMENT, INC. 

AUBURN HILLS 2.6 TON(s) 

OAKLAND N2803 LYON DEVELOPMENT, INC. NEW HUDSON 2.6 TON(s) 

WASHTENAW N6266 FEDERAL MOGUL 

POWERTRAIN INC 

ANN ARBOR 2.4 TON(s) 

OAKLAND N6537 PROCAT TESTING LLC WIXOM 1.9 TON(s) 

MONROE B4321 FERMI ENERGY CENTER NEWPORT 1.8 TON(s) 

WAYNE N6009 SAUK TRAIL HILLS 

DEVELOPMENT 

CANTON TWP 1.7 TON(s) 

OAKLAND B1950 PONTIAC WASTEWATER 

TREATMENT PLANT 

PONTIAC 1.7 TON(s) 

MACOMB B1792 WARREN WASTE WATER 

TREATMENT PLANT 

WARREN 1.7 TON(s) 

WASHTENAW M0675 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ANN ARBOR 1.6 TON(s) 

OAKLAND B4287 CADILLAC ASPHALT, L.L.C. CLARKSTON 1.6 TON(s) 

WAYNE M4722 SORA LIMESTONE QUARRY BROWNSTOWN 1.6 TON(s) 

OAKLAND B1960 CADILLAC ASPHALT LLC WIXOM 1.5 TON(s) 

WAYNE B4280 CADILLAC ASPHALT LLC BELLEVILLE 1.5 TON(s) 

MONROE N6837 ROCK RECYCLERS S ROCKWOOD 1.4 TON(s) 

OAKLAND N7864 UMICORE AUTOCAT USA INC. AUBURN HILLS 1.4 TON(s) 

WAYNE B3195 CADILLAC ASPHALT 

PRODUCTS 

DETROIT 1.3 TON(s) 

OAKLAND B2329 JHP PHARMACEUTICALS LLC ROCHESTER 1.3 TON(s) 

MACOMB B4049 GM Technical Center WARREN 1.2 TON(s) 

WAYNE M4780 ROUSH INDUSTRIES LIVONIA 1.2 TON(s) 

MONROE N5778 GERKEN MATERIALS INC MONROE 1.1 TON(s) 

WAYNE M4510 CITY SAND & LANDFILL INC SUMPTER TWP 1.1 TON(s) 

MONROE N2627 GREAT LAKES AGGREGATES, 

HAZMAG PLANT 

S ROCKWOOD 1.0 TON(s) 

SAINT CLAIR N2626 ACE ASPHALT & PAVING CO 

INC PLANT 4 

PORT HURON 1.0 TON(s) 

MACOMB B2763 U.S. ARMY GARRISONDETROIT ARSENAL WARREN 1.0 TON(s) 
Page B-1

Appendix B 

Michigan Air Emissions Reporting System (MAERS) 

Wayne County Source Emissions >1 Ton SO2

Reporting Year : 2009 

SRN SOURCE NAME CITY 

TOTAL 

EMISSION 

(tons) 

Distance from 

SWHS (km) 

Direction 

from SWHS 

B2811 DETROIT EDISON TRENTON 

CHANNEL 

TRENTON 25,443.0 20.9 SSW 

B2810 DETROIT EDISON RIVER 

ROUGE 

RIVER 

ROUGE 

14,945.5 3.5 SW 

A7809 U S STEEL GREAT LAKES 

WORKS 

RIVER 

ROUGE & 

ECORSE 

3,851.6 2.0 & 4.8 SSW 

B2132 WYANDOTTE DEPT MUNI 

POWER PLANT 

WYANDOTTE 1,268.9 10.9 SSW 

A8640 SEVERSTAL DEARBORN, LLC DEARBORN 536.7 4.8 NW 

M4199 GENERAL MOTORS 

HAMTRAMCK 

DETROIT 385.3 10.3 NE 

N6631 DEARBORN INDUSTRIAL 

GENERATION 

DEARBORN 364.6 3.6 WSW 

M4148 GREATER DETROIT RESOURCE 

RECOVERY FACILITY 

DETROIT 125.3 8.4 NE 

A9831 MARATHON PETROLEUM 

COMPANY LP 

DETROIT 94.8 4.8 WSW 

B2169 CARMEUSE LIME Inc, RIVER 

ROUGE OPERATION 

RIVER 

ROUGE 

62.8 3.8 SW 

B2103 DETROIT WASTEWATER 

TREATMENT PLANT 

DETROIT 54.8 2.5 SW 

N5986 CARLETON FARMS LANDFILL NEW 

BOSTON 

42.4 34.4 SW 

M4469 RIVERVIEW LAND PRESERVE RIVERVIEW 11.9 18.3 SW 

M4449 WOODLAND MEADOWS RDF WAYNE 11.2 27.2 W 

B6230 FORD MOTOR CO RESEARCH & 

DEV CTR 

DEARBORN 8.1 10.6 W 

A8638 DETROIT DIESEL 

CORPORATION 

DETROIT 7.8 15.6 NW 

B8747 JOHNSON MATTHEY VEHICLE 

TESTING & DEVELOPMENT, LLC 

TAYLOR 5.8 16.8 SW 

M4734 FORD MOTOR CO AUTO 

TRANSMISSION NEW PRODUCT 

CENTER 

LIVONIA 3.0 24.6 WNW 

M4734 FORD MOROT CO/ WAYNE 

COMPLEX 

WAYNE 2.9 4.6 W 

N6009 SAUK TRAIL HILLS 

DEVELOPMENT 

CANTON 

TWP 

1.7 28.7 WSW 

M4722 SORA LIMESTONE QUARRY BROWNSTOWN 1.6 28.3 SSW 

B4280 CADILLAC ASPHALT LLC BELLEVILLE 1.5 36.8 WSW 

B3195 CADILLAC ASPHALT PRODUCTS DETROIT 1.3 4.0 WSW 

M4780 ROUSH INDUSTRIES LIVONIA 1.2 25.7 WNW 

M4510 CITY SAND & LANDFILL INC SUMPTER 

TWP 

1.1 38.9 SW