U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON : 

1 

19–011 2012

112th Congress, 2d Session – – – – – – – – – – – – – House Document 112–100 

CONTINUATION OF THE NATIONAL EMERGENCY 

WITH RESPECT TO IRAN AND SYRIA 

COMMUNICATION 

FROM

THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES 

TRANSMITTING

NOTIFICATION OF AN EXECUTIVE ORDER THAT TAKES ADDITIONAL STEPS WITH RESPECT TO THE NATIONAL EMERGENCY 

DECLARED IN EXECUTIVE ORDER 12957 OF MARCH 15, 1995 AND 

THE NATIONAL EMERGENCY WITH RESPECT TO SYRIA, ORIGINALLY BY EXECUTIVE ORDER 13338 OF MAY 11, 2004 

APRIL 23, 2012.—Referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 

ordered to be printed 


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THE WHITE HOUSE, 

Washington, April 22, 2012. 

Hon. JOHN BOEHNER, 

Speaker of the House of Representatives, 

Washington, DC. 

DEAR MR. SPEAKER: Pursuant to the International Emergency 

Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (IEEPA), I hereby report that I have issued an Executive Order (the ‘‘order’’) that takes 

additional steps with respect to the national emergencies declared 

in Executive Order 12957 of March 15, 1995, and relied on for additional steps in subsequent Executive Orders, and in Executive 

Order 13338 of May 11, 2004, as modified in scope and relied on 

for additional steps in subsequent Executive Orders. 

I have determined that the commission of serious human rights 

abuses against the people of Iran and Syria by their governments, 

facilitated by computer and network disruption, monitoring, and 

tracking by those governments, and abetted by entities in Iran and 

Syria that are complicit in those governments’ malign use of technology for those purposes, threaten the national security and foreign policy of the United States. Consistent with the vital importance of providing technology that enables the Iranian and Syrian 

people to freely communicate with each other and the outside 

world, as well as the preservation, to the extent possible, of global 

telecommunications supply chains for essential products and services to enable the free flow of information, the measures in the 

order are designed primarily to address the need to prevent entities 

located in whole or in part in Iran and Syria from facilitating or 

committing serious human rights abuses. To address this situation, 

the order takes additional steps with respect to the national emergencies described above. 

The order blocks the property and interests in property, and suspends entry into the United States, of persons listed in the Annex 

to the order, as well as persons determined by the Secretary of the 

Treasury, in consultation with or at the recommendation of the 

Secretary of State: 

• to have operated, or to have directed the operation of, information and communications technology that facilitates computer or 

network disruption, monitoring, or tracking that could assist in or 

enable grave rights abuses by or on behalf of the Government of 

Iran or the Government of Syria; 

• to have sold, leased, or otherwise provided, directly or indirectly, goods, services, or technology to Iran or Syria likely to be 

used to facilitate computer or network disruption, monitoring, or 

tracking that could assist in or enable grave human rights abuses 

by or on behalf of the Government of Iran or the Government of 

Syria; 


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• to have materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, 

material, or technological support for, or goods or services to or in 

support of, the activities described above or any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to the order; 

or • to be owned or controlled by, or to have acted or purported to 

act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, any person whose 

property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to the 

order. 

I have delegated to the Secretary of the Treasury the authority, 

in consultation with the Secretary of State, to take such actions, including the promulgation of rules and regulations, and to employ 

all powers granted to the President by IEEPA, as may be necessary 

to carry out the purposes of the order. 

All agencies of the United States Government are directed to 

take all appropriate measures within their authority to carry out 

the provisions of the order. 

I am enclosing a copy of the Executive Order I have issued. 

Sincerely, 

BARACK OBAMA. 


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EXECUTIVE ORDER

BLOCKING THE PROPERTY AND SUSPENDING ENTRY INTO THE

UNITED STATES OF CERTAIN PERSONS WITH RESPECT TO GRAVE

HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES BY THE GOVERNMENTS OF IRAN AND

SYRIA VIA INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution 

and the laws of the United States of America, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) 

(IEEPA), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), 

section 212(f) of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, as 

amended (8 U.S.C. 1182(f)), and section 301 of title 3, United 

States Code, 

I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, 

hereby determine that the commission of serious human rights 

abuses against the people of Iran and Syria by their governments, 

facilitated by computer and network disruption, monitoring, and 

tracking by those governments, and abetted by entities in Iran and 

Syria that are complicit in their governments’ malign use of technology for those purposes, threaten the national security and foreign policy of the United States. The Governments of Iran and 

Syria are endeavoring to rapidly upgrade their technological ability 

to conduct such activities. Cognizant of the vital importance of providing technology that enables the Iranian and Syrian people to 

freely communicate with each other and the outside world, as well 

as the preservation, to the extent possible, of global telecommunications supply chains for essential products and services to enable 

the free flow of information, the measures in this order are designed primarily to address the need to prevent entities located in 

whole or in part in Iran and Syria from facilitating or committing 

serious human rights abuses. In order to take additional steps with 

respect to the national emergencies declared in Executive Order 

12957 of March 15, 1995, as relied upon for additional steps in subsequent Executive Orders, and in Executive Order 13338 of May 

11, 2004, as modified in scope and relied upon for additional steps 

in subsequent Executive Orders, and to address the situation described above, I hereby order: 

Section 1. (a) All property and interests in property that are in 

the United States, that hereafter come within the United States, 

or that are or hereafter come within the possession or control of 

any United States person, including any foreign branch, of the following persons are blocked and may not be transferred, paid, exported, withdrawn, or otherwise dealt in: 

(i) the persons listed in the Annex to this order; and 


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(ii) any person determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, 

in consultation with or at the recommendation of the Secretary 

of State: 

(A) to have operated, or to have directed the operation 

of, information and communications technology that facilitates computer or network disruption, monitoring, or 

tracking that could assist in or enable serious human 

rights abuses by or on behalf of the Government of Iran 

or the Government of Syria; 

(B) to have sold, leased, or otherwise provided, directly 

or indirectly, goods, services, or technology to Iran or Syria 

likely to be used to facilitate computer or network disruption, monitoring, or tracking that could assist in or enable 

serious human rights abuses by or on behalf of the Government of Iran or the Government of Syria; 

(C) to have materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or 

services to or in support of, the activities described in subsections (a)(ii)(A) and (B) of this section or any person 

whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this order; or 

(D) to be owned or controlled by, or to have acted or purported to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, any 

person whose property and interests in property are 

blocked pursuant to this order. 

(b) The prohibitions in subsection (a) of this section apply except 

to the extent provided by statutes, or in regulations, orders, directives, or licenses that may be issued pursuant to this order, and 

notwithstanding any contract entered into or any license or permit 

granted prior to the effective date of this order. 

Sec. 2. I hereby determine that the making of donations of the 

type of articles specified in section 203(b)(2) of IEEPA (50 U.S.C. 

1702(b)(2)) by, to, or for the benefit of any person whose property 

and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this order would 

seriously impair my ability to deal with the two national emergencies identified in the preamble to this order, and I hereby prohibit such donations as provided by section 1 of this order. 

Sec. 3. The prohibitions in section 1 of this order include but are 

not limited to: 

(a) the making of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, 

or services by, to, or for the benefit of any person whose property 

and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this order; and 

(b) the receipt of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, 

or services from any such person. 

Sec. 4. I hereby find that the unrestricted immigrant and nonimmigrant entry into the United States of aliens who meet one or 

more of the criteria in section 1 of this order would be detrimental 

to the interests of the United States, and I hereby suspend the 

entry into the United States, as immigrants or nonimmigrants, of 

such persons. Such persons shall be treated as persons covered by 

section 1 of Proclamation 8693 of July 24, 2011 (Suspension of 

Entry of Aliens Subject to United Nations Security Council Travel 

Bans and International Emergency Economic Powers Act Sanctions). 


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Sec. 5. (a) Any transaction by a United States person or within 

the United States that evades or avoids, has the purpose of evading 

or avoiding, causes a violation of, or attempts to violate any of the 

prohibitions set forth in this order is prohibited. 

(b) Any conspiracy formed to violate any of the prohibitions set 

forth in this order is prohibited. 

Sec. 6. Nothing in section 1 of this order shall prohibit transactions for the conduct of the official business of the United States 

Government by employees, grantees, or contractors thereof. 

Sec. 7. For the purposes of this order: 

(a) the term ‘‘person’’ means an individual or entity; 

(b) the term ‘‘information and communications technology’’ means 

any hardware, software, or other product or service primarily intended to fulfill or enable the function of information processing 

and communication by electronic means, including transmission 

and display, including via the Internet; 

(c) the term ‘‘entity’’ means a partnership, association, trust, joint 

venture, corporation, group, subgroup, or other organization; 

(d) the term ‘‘United States person’’ means any United States citizen, permanent resident alien, entity organized under the laws of 

the United States or any jurisdiction within the United States (including foreign branches), or any person in the United States; 

(e) the term ‘‘Government of Iran’’ means the Government of 

Iran, any political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality thereof, 

including the Central Bank of Iran, and any person owned or controlled by, or acting for or on behalf of, the Government of Iran; 

and 

(f) the term ‘‘Government of Syria’’ means the Government of the 

Syrian Arab Republic, its agencies, instrumentalities, and controlled entities. 

Sec. 8. For those persons whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this order who might have a constitutional presence in the United States, I find that because of the ability to transfer funds or other assets instantaneously, prior notice 

to such persons of measures to be taken pursuant to this order 

would render those measures ineffectual. I therefore determine 

that for these measures to be effective in addressing the two national emergencies identified in the preamble to this order, there 

need be no prior notice of a listing or determination made pursuant 

to section 1 of this order. 

Sec. 9. The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the 

Secretary of State, is hereby authorized to take such actions, including the promulgation of rules and regulations, and to employ 

all powers granted to the President by IEEPA as may be necessary 

to carry out the purposes of this order. The Secretary of the Treasury may redelegate any of these functions to other officers and 

agencies of the United States Government consistent with applicable law. All agencies of the United States Government are hereby 

directed to take all appropriate measures within their authority to 

carry out the provisions of this order. 

Sec. 10. The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the 

Secretary of State, is hereby authorized to determine that circumstances no longer warrant the blocking of the property and inVerDate Mar 15 2010 10:15 Apr 24, 2012 Jkt 019012 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 6601 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\HD100.XXX HD100

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terests in property of a person listed in the Annex to this order and 

to take necessary action to give effect to that determination. 

Sec. 11. This order is not intended to, and does not, create any 

right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in 

equity by any party against the United States, its departments, 

agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other 

person. 

Sec. 12. The measures taken pursuant to this order with respect 

to Iran are in response to actions of the Government of Iran occurring after the conclusion of the 1981 Algiers Accords, and are intended solely as a response to those later actions. 

Sec. 13. This order is effective at 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight 

time on April 23, 2012. 

BARACK OBAMA. 

THE WHITE HOUSE, April 22, 2012. 


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ANNEX

Individual 

1. Ali MAMLUK [director of the Syrian General Intelligence Directorate, born 1947] 

Entities 

1. Syrian General Intelligence Directorate 

2. Syriatel 

3. Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps 

4. Iranian Ministry of Intelligence and Security 

5. Law Enforcement Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran 

6. Datak Telecom 

Æ 


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