SUPERVISORY CONTROL EQUIPMENT
DUST FREE RELAYS1/

Devils Lake Substation is 1 of the 11 substations that is supervisory
controlled from the Jamestown Dispatching Office. At this station,
the supervisory control equipment is over 10 years old, and the re-
lays are of the single-contact type. It was found that better perform-
ance was obtained from this equipment if these relays could be kept
dust free.

By inserting each relay into a plastic bag and sealing it with heat,
as shown in the photograph below, it has been possible to eliminate
dust from the contacts on these relays. This has improved the reli-
ability of this particular equipment.

Several improvements have been made in newer types of supervisory
control equipment. One of these improvements was the conversion
from single-contact relays to two-contact or multiple-contact relays
However, if dust is a problem with relays the suggestion is worth
considering.

I/This article was reprinted from a Power O. & M. Report of a field
Feview of communication equipment maintenance, May 11, 1966.

17


~-Original equipment
blade with chain
cutter for trencher

REVISED CONCRETE HOPPER ATTACHMENT
FOR CORE-WALL MAGHINE

Revised Concrete Hopper Attachment
for Core-wall Machine

11



H

, Aan om eC area |
ut Up of @ Steel Plate, 2’ jk" € |x| my
Witn Weldeg Joints

“I Axle-tdg Weided on «1 Flar/
A\l Joints Welded, Except Where Boits Shown — Seat Not Shown

21

GPO 833-201



VALVE) MANIFOLD ¥," 1.0. VALVE = VALVE) MANIFOLD ¥," 1.0. pvatve

2 o © o
m m m xl|m
> D> > >
2 2 2 4/2
2 z 2 e]2
° o o als
| | | .
6
Y y Ni ¥.

Schematic Diagram of Automatic Greasing System

of the opening and closing of this
valve. Upon opening of the valve,
the 1/2-inch manifolds, shown in
the diagram above, are charged
with grease. Thisin turn charges
the four accumatic valves, two of
which are shown in Photographs
No. 3 and 4, on opposite page.
When the pump pressure is at-
tained the self-regulated grease
pump shuts off, the preset dura-
tion time of the timer closing the
admitting valve, and this in turn
vents the manifold pressure back
to the pressure pump reservoir.

The charged accumatic valves,
which are spring loaded, force
0.050 cubic inches of grease to
each of four bushings. This se-
quence occurs once each hour
inserting a total of 4.7 cubic
inches of grease for the four
bushings each 24-hour period.

Mr. Norland advises also that
Photograph No. 2 counting devices are being pur-
chased so that there will be visual
proof of the number of times the screens are serviced with grease
each 24 hour period. He states further that it is probably too soon to

2


THREE-WHEELED CART FOR INSPECTING
IN PLACE PIPE
(Suggestion No. R2-66S-86)

The joint efforts of Mr. Donald C, Anderson, and Mr. Arlan W. Tift,
both from the Red Bluff Construction Office, Central Valley Project,
Bureau of Reclamation, Red
Bluff, California, has re-
sulted in the design of an
ingenious three-wheeled cart
to facilitate the inspection of
distribution system pipe.

This self-propelled inspec-
tion "mole," as it is called
by it's designers, is con-
structed of readily available
materials and has resulted
in substantial savings in the
time required to inspect in
place pipe. It has also elim-
inated the skinned hands and
knees, not to mention the
bruised elbows, backaches,
sore muscles and torn cloth-
ing that usually accompany
this type of work.

PX-D-56127

Photograph No. 1 This machine will operate

in a 24-inch and over diam-

eter pipe, it can negotiate
ge 90° bends and you can also
reverse direction when nec-
essary. The simple design
of this machine makes it
very easy to operate. The
photographs on the left and
also on the following page
show the various operat-
ing positions: Photograph
No. 1, shows a man oper-
ating the machine from a
sitting position; Photo-
graph No. 2, shows the
same machine being oper-
ated from a kneeling posi-
tion; and Photograph No. 3,
5 “ shows the operator ina
PX-D-56128 wee aut prone position,

Photograph No. 2

18


PX-D-55126

Photograph No. 5

20


A 2' x 2' wood brace is fastened to the forward and one to the rear
edge of the plywood sheet to provide support and a lip to keep cloth-
ing from sliding off the shelf.

P66-D-56945

P66-D-56946

Photograph No. 3

15


The procedure was immediately changed to provide a specific order

of addition of the chemicals: Surfactant first, then sodium hexameta-
phosphate, sodium carbonate, and calcium hypochlorite last. No fur-
ther difficulty was encountered during the balance of the contract. This
experience indicates that well specifications should provide for the order
and method of mixing chemicals when they are used.

KK
A CONSTRUCTIVE SUGGESTION

A constructive suggestion is one that gives a "YES" answer to one or
more of the following questions:

1. Will it simplify? Operations - Forms - Methods

2. Will it eliminate? Waste - Accident hazards - Nonessential
routines

3, Will it improve? Service - Working conditions - Procedures

4, Will it establish a new practice? That is better - That is
safer - That is more efficient

5. Will it provide a solution? That is understandable - That is
practicable - That is timely

If you have a suggestion in one of the above categories that has helped
in the operation or maintenance of your irrigation system, send it
along. Others will be glad to hear about it.

The following list of items for your car or Pick-up truck's glove com-
partment is a composite of suggestions from safety counselors (includ-

ing the American Automobile Association and the National Safety Coun-
cil). They are all mighty handy to have along:

1. Plug-in emergency light 7. Car owner's manual and
Service policy
2. Spare fuses
8, Insurance and road serv-

3, Window scraper (for winter) ice forms
4, Clean cloth (for windshield) 9. Notebook and pencil or
pen

5. Work gloves
10. A litter bag

6. Small first-aid kit



know the results of the installation, but so far the District is con-
vineed that had this arrangement been in operation in the past, it
would have eliminated many of the bushing failures, as wellas costly
repairs caused by bushing failure.

P112-D-56953 ©

Photograph No. 3 Photograph No. 4

If further information is desired in regard to the equipment used or
methods of installation of the automatic greasing system, you may write to
Mr. Roger S. Norland, Secretary -Manager, North Unit Irrigation Dis-
trict, Deschutes Project, Madras, Oregon; or tothe Chief Engineer, U.S.
Bureau of Reclamation, Denver Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225.

A township, as used by the U.S. public land survey is a piece of land
six miles square. The term is believed to come from the New England
township which usually contained 36 square miles, The Yankees appar-
ently arrived at this dimension because a walk of more thanthree miles
to church, school and the seat of local government was considered anun-
due inconvenience. A distanceof less than three miles would not contain
enough population to justify local government.

Denver Post, Oct. 23, 1966


HARD HATS:
they're no good
unless they fit

by
Robert W. Bowers1/

When does a safety hat give little or no protection?

Answer: When it is not properly adjusted--the intent is there, but
not the benefits.

Unless every hat in your head safety program is properly fitted, you
cannot enjoy maximum safety and the cooperation and enthusiasm of

those wearing the hats. Incorrect adjustment of the hat shell and the
shock-absorbing suspension reduces the amount of shock absorption

protection. Worse, if the hat is not adjusted for maximum comfort

and convenience, it may not be worn at all.

Basically, the right fit involves making five adjustments to suit the
individual wearer and the conditions of the job. These five adjustments
are: Suspension depth, headband size, headband tilt, concentricity and
stability.

Suspension Depth

The main suspension of any safety hat controls how far the wearer's
head fits into the hat shell. Thus, of course, it also controls the
amount of clearance between the hat shell and the wearer's head. This
clearance governs the ability of the hat to do its job--providing space
for the deformation of the shell and the stretching of the suspension
under impact, yet avoiding direct contact with the wearer's head. Min-
imum safety requires at least 1-1/4-inches clearance space. A hat with
a narrower depth adjustment endangers the wearer. Always make sure
that safety hats in your department have the minimum safe clearance

at any adjustment.

Along with maintaining safe clearance, the safety depth adjustment must
provide comfort. For some workers, a deep suspension fit feels more
snug and stable; it is generally desirable where wind or other conditions
threaten hat stability. Other workers prefer a more shallow fit when
temperatures are high or simply because of the shape of the wearer's
head. Therefore, the suspension section must be adjustable to the de-
sired depth--within the limit of safe clearance.

Headband Size

Probably the most obvious adjustment in a safety hat is the headband ad-
justment. Although simple to make, it is often incorrectly made, causing

T/Reprinted by permission of the editor from an article appearing in
Safety Maintenance (Vol. 131, No. 4), 1966, as condensed in Supervisory
Management, August 1966.



2"x2" Lip~
x p N

u |
| |
| I . .
| | ve x2
| ! Aluminum angle
| ae
| <u" Plywood. |
H lay |
| ~\ |
| I
I |
| I
|

1

KR 2"x2" Lip
PLAN SIDE VIEW

END VIEW

LIST OF MATERIALS
1-Piece of plywood -3% x 4%. t
2-Pieces -2"x 2"

2-%"x Ye"x 3' + Aluminum angle
Screws as needed
Construct to fit individual vehicle

Diagram

16



WELL DEVELOPMENT SOLUTION INGREDIENTS
FORM A SPONTANEOUSLY EXPLOSIVE MIXTURE
by Mr. Thomas P. Ahrens1/

When developing new or rehabilitated water wells, chemical so.utions
to sterilize the well and to improve and facilitate the development are
introduced into the well prior to surging and agitation with a surge block,
jetting tool, or other procedures. A commonly used formula consists
of 16 pounds of sodium hexametaphosphate, 15 pounds of sodium carbo-
nate, 1 to 3 pounds of a surfactant or wetting agent, 1-1/2 pounds of

70 percent available calcium hypochlorite, and 100 gallons of water.
The ingredients are usually dry powders, granules, or flakes,

Batches of half the above formula are usually mixed in a 55-gallon
drum by dissolving the chemicals one at a time in the water. Suffi-
cient batches are mixed to displace the water in the well. The addi-
tion of the separate dry chemicals to the water or solution in the drums
is a safe and convenient procedure when working with small volumes of
materials. However, the consequences can be serious if the chemi-
cals are mixed dry prior to being dissolved in the water.

Recently during the rehabilitation of some large diameter deep wells
in Idaho the volume of solution required for each well was in excess

of 1,000 gallons. The contractor decided to use a cone jet mud mixer
and small recirculating centrifugal pump attached to a 1, 200-gallon
steel tank to dissolve the dry chemicals and mix large batches of the
solution. A dry flake type of surfactant with a hydrocarbon base, was
used. Printed on the hypochlorite drum were warnings about contact-
ing hypochlorite with hydrocarbons or other flammable materials. The
significance of the warnings with respect to the surfactant used and hy-
pochlorite apparently did not register with the contractor's men,

The calcium hexometaphosphate and sodium carbonate had been put
through the cone mixer. By error the last shovelfull was rock salt
rather than sodium carbonate. The rock salt blocked the jet and then
bridged in the cone. The bridging was not noticed at the time. The
driller then shoveled about 10 pounds of the surfactant into the hopper
and on top of that 15 pounds of calcium hypochlorite. On checking he
saw the results of the bridge and turned away from the hopper for a
rod with which to break up the bridge. An instant later there was a
violent explosion in the hopper. The inverted cone configuration of
the hopper caused all the force to be directed upward. The driller
fortunately received only a slight first degree burn on his side, singed
hair, and a thorough scare. Molten hypochlorite was spread over a
radius of 30 feet and started a number of small fires, which were
quickly extinguished.

I/Mr. Thomas P. Ahrens, Geologist, Office of Chief Engineer, Bureau

of Reclamation, Denver Federal Center, Denver, Colorado.


Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation

IRRIGATION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

Bulletin No. 59

LAST COPY - DO NOT REMOVE

In This Issue:

Automatic Greasing Equipment for Fishscreens
Hard Hats, They're No Good Unless They Fit

Well Development Solution Ingredients Form a Spontaneously

LAST COPY - DO NOT REMOVE

Explosive Mixture

Irrigation Operators’ Workshop
Concrete Hopper Attachment for Core Wall Machine
Cleaning Screens for Spraying Systems Filter on Spray Rigs
GSA Safety Requirements for 1967 Model Automobiles
Clothing Shelf for Carryall or Suburban-Type Trucks
Supervisory Control Equipment Dust-Free Relays
Three-Wheeled Cart for Inspecting In-Place Pipe


Required Courses

Canal Lining and Soil Sealants

Concrete Practices

Equipment Management

Operation & Maintenance
Safety

Project Management

Report of Atmospheric
Research & Watershed
Management

Water Management

Water Conservation

Water Measurement

Rehabilitation of Distribution
Systems

Optional Courses

Drainage

Weed Control

Earth Construction
Practices

Protection of Surfaces

Pipe Systems Maintenance

Ground Water and Wells

Pump Maintenance

Electronic Control of
Irrigation Systems

Electrical Maintenance

KING OF BABYLON IRRIGATION CODE
This is the irrigation code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon, 1900 B.C.

If anyone is too lazy to keep his dikes in order and fails to do so, and
if a breach is made in his dike and the fields have been flooded with
water, the man in whose dike the breach was opened shall replace the
grain which he has destroyed.

If he is not able to replace the grain he and his property shall be sold,
and the people whose grain the water carried off shall share the
proceeds.

If anyone opens his irrigation canals to let in water, but is careless
and the water floods the field of his neighbor, he shall measure out
grain to the latter in proportion to the yield of the neighboring
field.

"T have made the canal of Hammurabi, a blessing for the people of
Shumer and Accad. I have made water flow in the dry channels
and have given an unfailing supply to the people. Ihave changed
desert plains into well-watered land. I have given them fertility and
plenty, and made them the abode of happiness" ....... so sayeth
Hammurabi, King of Babylon.

*



IRRIGATION OPERATORS! WORKSHOP

The 1966 workshop for irrigation operation and maintenance person-
nel, that has now become an annual meeting because of the interest
shown by those operating our irrigation projects, was held in the
Office of Chief Engineer at the Denver Federal Center, Denver,
Colorado, during the week of November 14 through 18, 1966. It was
the sixth annual Workshop and was attended by 123 irrigation district
officials, engineers and educators from 16 western states and 3 for-
eign countries. In addition to participants from Pakistan, Turkey, and
Mexico, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Bureau of Land Management, the
University of California, Kansas State University, Arizona State Univer-
sity, Utah State University, Texas A&M College and North Dakota State
University, were represented,

Self-improvement of project personnel who are directly responsible
for the technical details of operating and maintaining their irrigation
systems is the object of the workshop, arranged and conducted by the
Division of Irrigation Operations of the Office of Chief Engineer.

There are no charges made for attendance at the workshop except for
the purchase of certain reference materials and tickets for the dinner
meetings. However, food, lodging, transportation, and other expenses
are the responsibility of the individuals attending.

Instructors, or more precisely, group leaders include both Bureau
and irrigation district_personnel. They are well qualified in their
respective fields and are in charge of the Workshop sessions. All
participants are provided with bound sets of lecture notes covering
the basic subject matter, These lecture notes are mailed out before
the Workshop begins. The group leader, presents a brief summary
of the material to be covered, and the remaining time is spent in
discussion and exchange of information by all participants.

There are five sessions each day of the 5-day period. Certain sub-
jects of general interest are covered in general assemblies. Another
general assembly is devoted to a question and answer period with
experts from the field and the Office of Chief Engineer participating
as a panel,

The participation in certain courses that are felt to be basic to all
types of irrigation systems are required for everyone. These courses
are selected in accordance with requests received from previous work-
shop participants.

A choice of some optional courses of study is offered. The subjects
that were presented this year are listed on the following page.


undue pressure onthe wearer's head, and consequent headaches and skin
discomforts. Remember a safety-hat headband is intended only to posi-
tion the hat properly on the wearer's head and not to keep the hat onunder
all working positions or conditions. It should be snug, nottight. Neither
is the adjustment of the headband a"'one and forever done" job. For example,

it should vary with the amount ofhair ona wearer's heador the temperature.
Headband Tilt

A properly designed headband can also provide a very important safety
and comfort adjustment. A flat headband that bears low on the forehead
is uncomfortable because this is a sensitive facialarea. Buttiltingasafety
hat back on the head for more comfort lessens protection because it re-
duces head-to-shell clearance and exposes a greater facialarea. Toover-
come this problem, the headband should adjust for tilting to a higher posi-
tion on the forehead, without changing the best shell-suspension position-
ing. Another advantage of the headband tilt feature is that it usually gives
better hat stability. It also provides for easy replacement of a worn out
headband.

Concentricity

Most safety hats and caps are designed to fit the majority of industrial
workers' head sizes and shapes. For others, a good fit requires special
provisions --for example, to adjust for askew concentricity. Concentric-
ity is the proper lateral positioning of the hat headband within the shell.
When, for example, the back of a headband is tightened to fit a very small
head, there is too little head -to-shell clearance at the front and too much
head-to-shell clearance at the back. The effect on safety or shock absorp-
tion is not serious, but it does create an uncomfortable, unbalanced dis-
tribution of the hat weight on the wearer's head. It also looks unattrac-
tive--an important factor since the over-all appearance of safety head-
wear greatly effects the employee's willingness to wear it. It is simple
to correct an uncentered headband when there is built-in provision for it.
But this is not a common provision and it is not often used even when it

is available.

Stability

Many industrial jobs have special conditions: unusual working positions,
high wind, or extreme activity. Such conditions frequently lead to loss
or disuse of safety hats. A simple, but somewhat annoying, solution is a
chin strap. A better solution is a nape strap. This is simply a strap at-
tached to each side of the safety hat, and extending around the lower back
of the wearer's head. Adjustable for each individual, it is remarkably
effective in securing the hat and it eliminates the need for a chin strap.

Getting a hat on every subordinate who needs one is only half the safety
battle. The right fit is the key to maximum safety and comfort.



Photographs No. 4 and 5, on page 20, are views of the machine
showing its general design and overall dimensions. Construction
details are given in the sketch on page 21. The capitol outlay for
material required to fabricate this machine was less than $10

Those operators who have used the inspection "mole," state that
its use certainly beats crawling through a rough and dirty pipe on
your hands and knees. If additional details are desired they can
be obtained from the Regional Project Development Engineer,
Region 2, Bureau of Reclamation, Post Office Box 15011,
Sacramento, California 95813.

PX-D-56124

Photograph No. 3

19


AUTOMATIC GREASING EQUIPMENT FCR FISHSCREENS

Mr. Roger S. Norland, Secretary-Manager of the North Unit Irriga-
tion District, which operates the Bureau of Reclamation constructed
Deschutes Project in central Oregon, reports that for many years the
District had experienced frequent failure of the bushings on the rotat-
ing fishscreens, shown on the cover of this issue of the Bulletin, that
are located at the head of the projects main canal. Replacement of the
bushings was expensive and at times resulted in an interruption of water
delivery because of the restrictions imposed for the protection of the fish,
which made operation of the canal without the screens in operation
impossible.

It was obvious that a great part of the bearing failure was due to the
Jack of frequent servicing, particularly greasing at night. Located

45 miles from headquarters, such servicing was only possible at con-
siderable expense by travel from headquarters or by someone in constant
attendance at the headworks. This prompted inquiry into an automatic
greasing device. The result was the assembly of equipment and its in-
stallation so that a measured quantity of grease would be supplied to the
screen bearings periodically and eliminate the need for a manto grease
them every few hours.

A list of commercially available components purchased for the instal-
lation, in addition to pipe, high-
pressure hose and necessary
fittings, is given below:

1 - Electric grease pump

1 - Solenoid pressure admitting
valve

1 - Electric relay

1 - Electric timer

4 - Accumatic valves

Except for some electrical wir-
ing, the installation was made
by Mr. Gene McClure, the Dis-
trict's shop foreman. A view
of the principal components is
shown in Photograph No. 1 at
left and No. 2 on the following
page. Shown are the timer, re-
lay, solenoid valve, pump and
pressure pump reservoir.

In operation, the grease pump
maintains a constant pressure
to the pressure admitting valve.
The timer controls, through the
Photograph No. 1 relay, both the time and duration

112-N-56950


CLEANING SCREENS FOR SPRAYING
SYSTEMS FILTER ON SPRAY RIGS
(Suggestion RICB-64-31)

Mr. Cecil Wethered of the Columbia Basin Project Office, Ephrata,
Washington, believes that 30-mesh screens should be used on spray
rigs rather than the 50 and 100 mesh now being used to eliminate
foreign material from spray lines and nozzles.

It was discovered by experience that the finer mesh always thought
essential in the past, was not necessary. The procedure as outlined
by Mr. Wethered will save down time, loss of screens because of
the fine mesh material and also do a much better job of spraying
because the spray jets do not plug with foreign matter.

It was also suggested that:
a. Screens be replaced periodically for good results.

b. Extra screens should be made of Monel metal or stainless
steel.

ce. There should be five extra screens for each spray rig
equipped with these filters.

d. The used screens should be cleaned, then put in an acid
bath to clean out foreign material. Then they should be re-
packaged for further use.

e. This same type filter be installed on all truck-mounted
rigs.

f. Safety precautions should be taken when cleaning these
screens, because of the acid solution being used.

This cleaning should be done in a safe place away from other
working areas. Goggles or face shield should be used, along
with rubber gloves or gauntlets and a rubber apron should be
worn to protect clothing.

Mr. Wethered also informs us that the procedure as outlined in (e)
above is used with Jet Engine fuel systems before each flight to
safeguard the fuel lines from foreign matter.

12


CLOTHING SHELF FOR CARRYALL
OR SUBURBAN TYPE TRUCKS
(Suggestion No. R4CU-66S-3)

A Carryall or Suburban type truck when loaded with instruments and
field survey equipment, does not have much space left for storing coats
and extra work clothing. As a rule this extra clothing is piled on topof
equipment behind the rear seat of the truck, this of course blocks vision
through the rear window, creating a serious safety hazard.

Mr. Richard A. Oakley, of the Central Utah Project Office, Provo,
Utah, suggested a shelf be installed behind the rear seat and above the
rear window of the truck. Clothing stored on this shelf, is accessible
from within the truck, and also through the rear door opening. This
leaves a clear view for the driver through the rear vision mirror, as
shown in Photograph No. 1 below.

P66-D-56944

Photograph No. 1

The field survey crews working out of the Central Utah Project Office,
now using this shelf as suggested by Mr. Oakley find it very useful, and
are pleased with the results. Photographs No. 2 and 3, on the following
page shows a view of the shelf from the rear of the truck, andthe sketch
on page 18, includes a list of materials used in the installation,

Instructions for the installation of the shelf are as follows:

Using small 1/2" x 1/2" aluminum angles fastened on each end of 1/4" ply-
wood, shelf is set above windows with angles behind the window moldings.

14



IRRIGATION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
Bulletin No. 59

January, February, March 1967
INTRODUCTION

An automatic greasing mechanism for fishscreens installed at the Main
Canal Headworks, North Unit Irrigation District, Deschutes Project,
Oregon, is described in the first articte. It is believed that this instal-
lation has eliminated expensive bushing failures and other costly repairs
experienced in the past.

How to fit hard hats correctly is the subject of an article starting on
page 4. An improperly fitted or incorrectly worn hard hat is contrary
to all the safety provisions that are designed into it. This article also
discusses adjustments that should be made and how to make them cor-
rectly, so that the wearer is given maximum protection.

This article "Well Development Solution Ingredients form a Spontane-
ously Explosive Mixture, ' starting on page 6, was prepared especially
for this publication by Mr. Thomas Pp. Ahrens, a Geologist in the Office
of Chief Engineer, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colorado. It was
prompted as a means of preventing serious accidents similar to one that
occurred in the rehabilitation of a well in Idaho.

A brief summary of the annual Irrigation Operators' Workshop held
November 14-18, 1966, in the Office of Chief Engineer, can be found
on pages 8 and 9.

A suggestion by Mr. Fay Dunlap of the Rio Grande Project, El Paso,
Texas, beginning on page 10, describes and shows improvements made
on a core wall machine by equipping it with a revised concrete hopper
attachment to allow for placing concrete behind the chain corewall
cutter.

On page 12 is a suggestion by Mr. Cecil Wethered of the Columbia
Basin Project Office, Ephrata, Washington, for improving screen serv-
ice and cleaning screens on spray rigs.

The General Services Administration Safety requirements for 1967 model
automobiles appears on page 13, and several short articles on safety will
be found on pages 7 and 13.

Beginning on page 14, Mr. Richard A. Oakley of the Central Utah Proj-
ect Office, Provo, Utah, explains the benefits of a suggestion submitted
by him for a specially designed storage shelf to carry extra work cloth-
ing in the back of a Carryall or Suburban-type truck.

As explained in a short article on page 17, better performance can be
maintained when the relays on Supervisory Control Equipment is kept
dust free.



The Irrigation Operation and Maintenance Bulletin is published quar-
terly, for the benefit of irrigation project people. Its principal pur-
pose is to serve as a medium of exchanging operation and maintenance
information. It is hoped that the reports herein concerning labor sav-
ing devices and less costly equipment and procedures, developed by
resourceful project people, will result in improved efficiency and re-
duced costs of the systems for those operators adapting these ideas to
their needs.

To assure proper recognition of those individuals whose suggestions
are published in the bulletins, the suggestion number as well as the
person's name is given. All Bureau offices are reminded to notify

their Suggestions Award Committee when a suggestion is adopted.

Division of Irrigation Operations
Office of Chief Engineer
Denver, Colorado

COVER PHOTOGRAPH:

This photograph shows the fish-
screens at the Main Canal Head-
works, North Unit Irrigation
District, Deschutes Project,
Oregon. P112-D-56949



CONCRETE HOPPER ATTACHMENT
FOR CORE WALL MACHINE
(Suggestion R5RG63-1)

This suggestion for a revised concrete hopper attachment as shown
in the photograph below and diagram on the following page illustrates
a core wall machine to allow placing of concrete behind a chain core
wall cutter. It was developed by Mr. Fay Dunlap, of the Rio Grande
Project, El Paso, Texas, and has greatly speeded up operations by
eliminating bank caving of sandy soil. The main change in procedure
from previous methods used has been the use of a separate hopper for
placing the concrete instead of one immediately behind the cutter. By
experience, the field forces have found that most banks will stand up
with vertical sides for a short period of time, allowing the concrete
to be placed further behind the cutter.

The main advantages of this suggestion are as follows: (1) The cutter
can continue digging without waiting on concrete trucks. (2) Whenever
an obstacle is encountered that requires raising the cutter, it can be
readily raised because the concrete is not against the shield. (3) There
is less drag on the sides and the trencher can excavate faster. Re-
ducing the size of the shield also facilitates raising the cutter when
necessary.

In ordinary banks the sides will stand until the concrete is placed,
however, by using the revised hopper attachment the operators can
observe if there is any caving of the sides. In case of caving, as in
very sandy banks, the concrete can be placed immediately behind the
cutter, as was previously being done. The reduced size of the
shield, however, makes less drag than before even when this must
be done.

10



GSA SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR 1967
MODEL AUTOMOBILES1/

The General Services Administration is an automobile buyer in a big
way. GSA purchases cars for the Federal Government, which main-
tains a 36, 000-car fleet.

The 1967 models, which GSA ordered recently, must have these safety
devices as standard equipment:

1. Padded dash and sun visors.
2. Recessed instruments and controls on the instrument panel.
3. Impact-absorbing steering wheel and steering column.
4, Safety door latches and hinges.
5. Anchorage for seat belt assemblies.
6. Anchorage of seats.
7. Dual-brake system.
8. Standard gear quadrant (P-R-N-D-L).
9. Safety glass.
10. Glare-reduction surfaces on the instrument panel and wind-

shield wipers.

11. Tires that meet Federal specifications (no overloading at
curb weight or GVW rating) and safety rims.

12, Exhaust emission control system.

13. Constant speed (at least two speeds) windshield wipers and
washers.

14. Standard bumper heights.

15. Four-way signal flasher.

16. Backup lights.

17. Outside rearview mirror.

Some of the items on the GSA list have been standard on autos for the
last several years. Others are offered as optional accessories. Still
others will require innovations on most models on the market.

The GSA hope is to encourage auto manufacturers to offer these safety
devices as standard equipment, rather than as accessories, if at all.
The size of the GSA fleet, combined with the influence of the Federal
Government in setting an example for the public, puts teeth in the GSA
objective.

WHY FASTEN YOUR SEAT BELT?

The American College of Neurosurgeons reports that of the 33, 000 people
dying from head injuries suffered in traffic accidents in the United
States last year, 16,000 would very likely have survived had they been
wearing seat belts.

I/This article was reprinted from the Reclamation Safety News, Second

Quarter 1966, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver Federal Center, Denver,
Colorado.

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