P.1 

OAR Box 1147 

Prepped by Ollie Stewart 

Document Number: 

228)IV-E-102 

Docket Number: 

A-87-11 

Printed 4/22/2008 2:42:59 PM Sheet 228 of 242 
P.2 

*' -t% \ UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

\J\j\/f-J ANN ARBOR. MICHIGAN 48105 

A-87-n 

IV-E-/0J. 

OFFICE OF 

AIR ANO RADIATION 

JUL U 9 1993 

i; 121993 

MEMORANDUM 

SUBJECT: Meeting with AAMA Regarding Onboard Refueling 

Test Procedures - II 

J^hu* Crd (ciA4<z*r*yZq FROM: Glenn W. Passavant, Chief 

Special Regulatory Projects Branch 

TO: Public Docket A-87-11 

On July 8, 1993 members of the Environmental Protection Agency 

(EPA) staff met with representatives of the American Automobile 

Manufacturers Association (AAMA) to discuss potential changes to 

the refueling emission test procedures as laid out in EPA's 

recently published Federal Register notice on this issue (May 27, 

1993, 58 FR 30731). The meeting which was held at the EPA lab in 

Ann Arbor was in follow-up to the meeting of June 27, 1993 on the 

same topic. An attendees list is attached. 

A copy of the material presented by AAMA at the meeting is 

attached. Discussions focused on questions from the previous 

meeting on potential changes in the test procedure and how these 

changes could potentially affect system design and safety concerns 

in use. AAMA agreed to provide further data on several points and 

to follow-up with EPA in the near future. 

Attachments 
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P.4 

Questions from our Previous Meeting. 

. How does the 5 day diurnal load compare to a 2 gram breakthrough ? 

. What are the vapor loads for 

3 day diurnal 

the ORVR Test ? 

. What size canisters are the manufacturers considering? 

What test procedure improvements are necessary to encourage the 

integrated system ? 
CANISTER CONDITION WITH NO-DRIVE DAYS 

SUCCESSIVE DAYS AT 72-9 6 deg F 

2.0 L CANISTER - 9 RVP FUEL 

180 i— 

160 

140 

ffi 

(0 120 

c 

CD 

a I 

< 

o 

_J 

cc 

LU 

1 -

M 

z 

< 

a 

80 

60 

40 

40% TANK FIL L 

1.5x Capacity 

2 g Breakthrough 

'•'•• ' i « 

14 16 18 

DAYS 

22 24 26 28 30 
P.6 

5 DAY DIURNAL TEST DATA 

REV 

DAY 

ST 

1LD 

1BP 

2LD 

2BP 

3LD 

3BP 

4LD 

4BP 

5LD 

5BP 

07/08/93 

SHED 

TEMP 

72.1 

96.5 

74.9 

96.5 

76.2 

96.8 

72.0 

96.5 

71.9 

96.5 

72.0 

FUEL 

TEMP 

fF) 

72.6 

96.1 

76.3 

96.4 

77.4 

96.6 

73.3 

96.4 

73.2 

96.1 

73.0 

CANISTER 

WEIGHT 

(GRAMS) 

1299.7 

1324.8 

1319.4 

1342.3 

1335.1 

1358.1 

1347.7 

1373.4 

1361.0 

1385.1 

PRELIMINARY 

CANISTER % BACK 

DELTA WT PURGE 

(GRAMS) 

0.0 

25.1 

19.7 

42.6 

35.4 

58.4 

48.0 

73.7 

61.3 

85.4 

21.5% 

31.4% 

45.2% 

48.2% 

MODELED 

DELTA WT 

"(GRAMS) 

0.0 

26.6 

20.0 

44.2 

35.2 

58.7 

47.3 

73.2 

60.3 

86.0 

72.2 

5 DAY DIURNAL TEST 

18 GAL TANK/2L-11BWC CAN 

LU 

C5 

-z. 

< 

X 

o 

cc 

LU 

I -

(D 

~Z. 

< 

o 1 BP 2 BP 3 BP 4 BP 5 BP 

1 LD 2 LD 3 LD 4 LD 5 LD 

TEST STEP 

• TEST DATA + MODEL OF TEST 
140 

VAPOR VOLUME 

3 DAY DIURNAL 

120 

CD -= fD C_ 

CJ) i 100 QJ 

i—I 

O 

80 

o CL fD 

60 - 40 10 

15 20 

Tank Size - gal. 

25 

•vl 
140 

VAPOR VOLUME 

REFUELING 

120 

cn 

E 

(D 

C_ 

CD 

i 100 

CU 

o 

o 

Q . 

fD 

80 

60 

40 

Q 

C 

Black = Mechanical Seal 

Red = Liquid Seal 

10 15 20 25 

Tank Size - gal 

Tl 

00 
CANISTER CAPACITY REQUIREMENTS 

FOR ENHANCED EVAP 

140 

ro 

CJ) 

120 

i 

100 

• l-l 

CJ 

ro 

a. 

ro 

CJ 

cn 

c 

80 

k 60 

40 

10 15 20 25 

Tank Size - gal. 

T l 

CO 
P.10 

Test Procedure Improvements 

Revisions to our proposed procedure that was furnished at the last 

AAMA/EPA meeting are: 

Lower the dispensed fuel temperature to 72 deg. F. 

Stabilize the fuel temperature after the drive cycle with a 6 to 24 hour 

soak at 80 deg. F. 

Revise the test fuel specification to 8.1 psi RVP max. 

Note: We again stress the importance of changing the pretest loading of 

the canister to a performance based standard, i.e., 5 diurnal day 

load. 
P.11 

EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS 

9.0 psi RVP Indolene 

.96 Atmos (Miiford) 

80 

c 

U-a 

CO 

V- 60 c 

(D 

O 

c 

o O 

40 

20 

60 

-ak- Concentration 

- • - Density 

8 

(0 

• 

m 

c 

<D 

Q 

O 

X 

70 80 90 100 110 120 

Temperature - deg F 
P.12 

EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS 

9.0 psi RVP Indolene 

.96 Atmos (Miiford) 

^5 

0

s 

c 

o 

c 

<D 

O 

c 

o O 

Concentration 

Density 

Temperature - deg F 
P.13 

Temperature 

60 

64 

68 

70 

72 

76 

80 

83 

84 

88 

92 

96 

100 

104 

108 

112 

116 

120 

124 

128 

132 

Vapor Pressure 

4.20 

4.56 

4.95 

5.15 

5.36 

5.80 

6.27 

6.58 

6.77 

7.31 

7.87 

8.48 

9.11 

9.79 

10.51 

11.27 

12.07 

12.92 

13.82 

14.76 

15.75 

Concentration 

29.77 

32.32 

35.08 

36.50 

37.99 

41.11 

44.44 

46.63 

47.98 

51.81 

55.78 

60.10 

64.56 

69.38 

74.49 

79.87 

85.54 

91.57 

97.94 

104.61 

111.62 

Density 

3.0919 

3.3396 

3.6030 

3.7408 

3.8827 

4.1794 

4.4938 

4.6997 

4.8269 

5.1792 

5.5517 

5.9452 

6.3605 

6.7984 

7.2597 

7.7453 

8.2559 

8.7922 

9.3548 

9.9442 

10.5605 
P.14 

Vehicle: 

Canister Size: 

Fuel Tank Size: 

Aerostar Replacement 

3.0 L 

26 gallons 

Condition at Day 1: Canisters preconditioned to 1.5 x Working Capacity 

FTP and Running Loss Test at 105F (LA4, 2NYCC, LA4) 

Canisters entered diurnals above 1.5 x Working Capacity 

Diurnals run at 65F-105F / RVP - 9.0 psi 

Non-standard test and inadequate purge resulted in significant SHED emissions 

(All units are grams HC) 

Gain Back Purge 

20.4 

25.9 

28.8 

32.9 

25.9 

Cumulative Gain 

20.8 

11.6 

4.7 

-0.1 

0.0 

SHED 

Day 1 

Day 2 

Day 3 

Day 4 

Day 5 

41.2 

37.5 

33.5 

32.8 

25.9 

8.3 

14.3 

16.3 

18.3 

16.5 

Finding: Exposing fully loaded canisters to a 5 day diurnal demonstrates significant back purge 
110 -

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Time (Hours) 

Fuel Temp HC Mass 

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Can Weight 

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2880.000 

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2870.000 -S 

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2850.000 

2840.000 

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Time (Hours) 

CARB Profile SHED Temp Fuel Temp HC Mass Can Weight 

620229.XLC 
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CANISTER VAPOR LOSS vs CANISTER WEIGHT 

VARIABLE TEMPERATURE SHED DIURNAL 

3.5 

2.5 

1.5 

1 

0.5 h 

0 

DATA EXTRACTED FROM TESTS CONDUCTED MAY THROUGH JUNE 1993 

CANISTER BREAKTHROUGH = SHED LOSS > VEHICLE BACKGROUND 

(VEHICLE BACKGROUND APPROXIMATELY 1 GRAM) 

2 GRAM CANISTER BREAKTHROUGH 

8: 

CC : 

Q. * 

CHRYSLER TEST DATA COLLECTED FROM BOTH 

EPA AND CARB STRICTER EVAP PROCEDURES 

o 

O: 

3 : O: 

C C: 

(9 

o 

trJ «J L *-* -

I I L 

2.4 UTER 

S/N 693 

1160 1180 1200 1220 1240 1260 

CANISTER CANISTER WEIGHT (GRAMS) 

1280 1300 

CHRYSLER CORPORATION 

7 JULY 1903 

TJ 
CO 

<! 

O 

E -

ffi 

O 

W 

K 

W 

H 

CO 

H-H 

1310 

1300 

1290 

1280 

1270 

1260 

1250 

1240 

1230 

1220 

1210 

1200 

1190 

1180 

1170 

1160 

CARB VT DIURNAL SEGMENT 

72 HOUR + 24 HOUR 

DATA EXTRACTED FROM TEST CONDUCTED JUNE 1993 

TEST #573CB15/78230319 

PASS CAR W/16 GAL PLASTIC TANK 

40% FILL OF 6.4 GAL 

7# RVP FUEL 

65-105 DEQF. CYCLE 

BREAKTHROUGH WEIGHT 

APPROX 1270 GRAMS 

PEAK 

APPROX 26 GMS 

PEAK 

24 GMS 

PEAK 

25 GMS 

1238 GMS 

©EOT 

BACKPURGE 

APPROX 11 GMS 

BACKPURGE 

8 GMS 

PEAK 

24 GMS 

1171 GMS 

©SOT BACKPURGE 

5 GMS CANISTER VAPOR LOSS (VT SHED) 

(SHED LOSS - VEHICLE BACKGROUND OF 1 GRAM) 

0.0 GRAMS 0.0 GRAMS O.O GRAMS 0.39 GRAMS 

SOT 

2.4 UTER CANISTER 

S/N 693 

I 48 HOURS 

24 HOURS 72 HOURS 

DIURNAL ELAPSED TIME 

96 HOURS 

CHRYSLER CORPORATION 

7 JULY 1993 

TJ 

00