Southern 

Research Station

General Technical 

Report SRS–144

United States

Department of

Agriculture

Forest Service

The National Visitor Use 

Monitoring Methodology and 

Final Results for Round 1

Stanley J. Zarnoch, Eric M. White, Donald B. K. English, 

Susan M. Kocis, and Ross Arnold
November 2011

Southern Research Station 

200 W.T. Weaver Blvd. 

Asheville, NC 28804

The Authors: 

Stanley J. Zarnoch, Mathematical Statistician, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, 

Southern Research Station, Asheville, NC 28804-3454; Eric M. White, Assistant Professor, 

Department of Forest Engineering, Resources and Management, Oregon State University, 

Corvallis, OR 97331; Donald B. K. English, Visitor Use Monitoring Program Manager, 

U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, WO-RHR, Washington, DC 20250-1125; 

Susan M. Kocis, District Ranger, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Huron Shores 

Ranger District, Oscoda, MI 48750; and Ross Arnold, Social Scientist, U.S. Department of 

Agriculture Forest Service, Research & Development, Washington Office, Resource Use Sciences 

staff, Arlington, VA 22209.

Work Agreement: Kocis and Arnold were part of the original National Visitor Use Monitoring 

(NVUM) team created in 2000. White joined the NVUM team through work on NVUM 

economic analysis as a graduate student at Michigan State University, subsequently through the 

Pacific Northwest Station, and currently at Oregon State University. All authors except Kocis are 

active in the NVUM program.

Cover photo: Table Rock Picnic Area, Pisgah National Forest, NC. Cover background photo: 

Balsam Gap, Pisgah National Forest, NC. (photos courtesy of Bill Lea)
The National Visitor Use 

Monitoring Methodology and 

Final Results for Round 1

Stanley J. Zarnoch, Eric M. White, Donald B. K. English, 

Susan M. Kocis, and Ross Arnold

iii

Contents

Page

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................ 1

Sampling Design ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2

Overview .................................................................................................................................................................................. 2

Sampling Frame ....................................................................................................................................................................... 3

Nonproxy and Proxy Sites ....................................................................................................................................................... 4

Sample Selection ...................................................................................................................................................................... 4

Survey Procedures .................................................................................................................................................................... 5

Estimation ............................................................................................................................................................................... 5

Visitation Estimators ................................................................................................................................................................ 5

Nonproxy Component NPh

 ....................................................................................................................................................... 6

Converting Nonproxy Site Visits to National Forest Visits ....................................................................................................... 9

Proxy Component Ph

 ................................................................................................................................................................. 9

Converting Proxy Site Visits to National Forest Visits ............................................................................................................. 10

Special Events Component SE ................................................................................................................................................. 11

Results and Discussion ........................................................................................................................................................... 11

Forest Level Visitation Estimates ............................................................................................................................................. 11

Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest Example .................................................................................................................... 11

National Visitation Estimates ................................................................................................................................................... 12

Literature Cited ...................................................................................................................................................................... 12

Appendix ................................................................................................................................................................................. 13

Index of Tables ......................................................................................................................................................................... 15

Tables A.1 – A.14 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17

The National Visitor Use Monitoring 

Methodology and Final Results for Round 1

Stanley J. Zarnoch, Eric M. White, Donald B. K. English, 

Susan M. Kocis, and Ross Arnold

Introduction

In recent years, outdoor recreation has become increasingly 

important on national forests across the United States. As 

a result, Forest Service managers provide a diverse set of 

recreation opportunities to the public and there is greater 

recognition of the economic activity that public recreation 

can generate in local communities. Accurate visitation 

estimates are required for national, regional, and forest-level 

decisionmaking and planning. Specifically, the estimators 

are needed to determine benefits and impacts of recreational 

use on other forest resources and local economies. Estimates 

also are needed to determine outdoor recreation trends and 

to quantify the effectiveness of Federal programs. However, 

prior to the creation of the National Visitor Use Monitoring 

(NVUM) Program in 2000 (English and others 2002), no 

statistically based, uniformly applied methodology was used 

to estimate national forest recreation visitation.

Before the NVUM Program, data on visits to national forest 

recreation sites were obtained from individual ranger district 

estimates which then were aggregated upward to produce 

forest and national estimates. Kocis (1986) showed that 

these ranger district estimates were derived by numerous 

diverse methods that produced results ranging from absolute 

knowledge to little more than guesses. Moreover, other 

surveys were of questionable statistical validity because 

they targeted selected locations and a few types of users. 

There were also problems of nonresponse bias and sample 

selection. While there have been outdoor recreation surveys 

conducted by telephone, such as the National Survey on 

Recreation and the Environment (NSRE), these surveys 

do not include information specifically on visits to 

national forests. 

To alleviate some of these problems and obtain statistically 

valid estimates, the National Recreation Use Pilot Study 

was formulated in 1996 by the Forest Service, U.S. 

Department of Agriculture. The study resulted in a national 

survey design for estimating annual recreation visitation 

(Zarnoch and others 2002). Building on the pilot study, 

the Forest Service brought together a team of research 

scientists and National Forest System personnel to refine 

this methodology. The team was based on a partnership 

Abstract

A nationwide, systematic monitoring process has been developed 

to provide improved estimates of recreation visitation on National 

Forest System lands. Methodology is presented to provide 

estimates of site visits and national forest visits based on an 

onsite sampling design of site-days and last-exiting recreationists. 

Stratification of the site days, based on site type and use level, is 

used to improve the estimates by reducing variability. Forests are 

sampled on a 4-year cycle, with a fourth of the forests sampled 

each year.

The site visit and national forest visit estimates for each of the 121 

forests sampled in round 1 (2000 to 2003) are presented along with 

their coefficients of variation and 90-percent confidence intervals. 

In addition, these estimates are decomposed into their nonproxy, 

proxy, and Special Events components which provide a level of 

transparency important for understanding the estimation process 

and for building credibility among the users of these National 

Visitor Use Monitoring estimates.

The concepts, equations, and data presented are reinforced by 

illustrating a typical analysis of the visitation estimation process 

for the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest. This includes siteday characteristics of the nonproxy and proxy strata, information 

about the National Visitor Use Monitoring sampling process, 

and detailed calculation of the national forest visit estimate for 

the nonproxy, proxy, and Special Event components of the 

visitation estimate.

The total national visitation estimate is the summation of all the 

individual forest visit estimates. The national site visit estimate 

for 2004 was 239,009,917 with a 90-percent confidence interval 

of 231,554,913 to 246,464,921 and a coefficient of variation of 

1.90 percent. The national forest visit estimate, circa 2004, was 

204,358,864 with a 90-percent confidence interval of 197,468,684 

to 211,249,044 and a coefficient of variation of 2.05. 

Keywords: Model-based estimates, National Visitor Use 

Monitoring, NVUM, outdoor recreation, recreation sampling.
2

of the Forest Service’s recreation staff and personnel from 

strategic planning and resource assessment, research and 

development, ecosystem management, inventory and 

monitoring, and the Missoula Technology and Development 

Center. As a result of the team’s work, the NVUM Program 

was implemented in 2000 to provide statistically reliable 

estimates of recreation visitation on the national forests, 

including national grasslands and designated wilderness 

areas. The initial methodology for the Round 1 estimates 

was based on sampling 25 percent of the forests each year 

from 2000 to 2003 and was described by English and 

others (2002). Since then, the estimation methodology and 

forest-level visitation estimates have been modified twice 

to reduce the variability, and thus increase the accuracy of 

the estimates.

The NVUM process provides estimates of the number of 

recreation visits to the administrative units in the National 

Forest System. For example, in Round 1, 121 administrative 

units1 across the United States were sampled (table A.1). 

The NVUM process ensures consistency in data collection 

and establishes a minimum standard of statistical accuracy. 

Visitation is estimated in terms of site visits and national 

forest visits. The site visit estimate measures the number of 

sites and areas (e.g., wilderness) visited by recreationists 

to a given forest, while the national forest visit estimate is 

the number of visits to the entire national forest as one unit. 

A visit is to be of any length (several minutes, a couple of 

days, or longer), of one or many activities, and to one or 

more sites within the national forest. A national forest visit 

begins when a recreation visitor first enters the forest and 

ends when the visitor leaves the national forest for the day. 

The NVUM process samples visitors at the site level and 

develops recreation visitation estimates at the forest and 

national levels.

Although the main objective of NVUM is to provide 

estimates of recreation visitation, it also provides a profile of 

visitor characteristics. The visitor profile includes standard 

demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and income 

level, as well as length of the visit, number of annual visits 

to the forest, and party size. The profile also provides 

estimates of the percent of participation in various activities, 

satisfaction with the recreation site, and economic spending 

in the local community. The survey questionnaire given on 

site to exiting recreationists has evolved over the years and, 

thus, many other estimates are also available.

The main objective of this paper is to present the NVUM 

methodology, including the sampling design, estimators, 

and variances. The methods presented here supersede the 

NVUM methods documented previously in English and 

1

 This was the count of administrative units in 2000, although 

forests and grasslands have administratively merged and new units 

have been identified since then.

others (2002) and are the methods used in current NVUM 

applications. Secondary objectives of this paper are to: 

present the final visitation estimates for Round 1 with 90 

percent confidence intervals for all 121 administrative 

units; and to increase transparency by providing sufficient 

information on estimates of intermediate parameters 

so that any Round 1 individual national forest estimate 

can be reproduced and tracked through its intermediate 

components.

Sampling Design

Overview

The sampling design uses onsite sampling of exit sites at 

each national forest to obtain average daily estimates of 

the number of recreation visitors exiting a site for the last 

time during the sample day. The methodology is based on 

the concept that identifying all exit sites and counting the 

number of last-exiting recreationists (LER) for each day 

of the year will provide a sum total of annual visitation. 

Counting LER ensures that only recreationists are included 

in the visitation estimate and that they are not doublecounted (i.e., prevents the chance of counting them again 

if they happen to return to the site on the same day, leave 

again, and are counted again). An alternative approach that 

should give similar visitation estimates is to count only firstentering recreationists. However, other information such as 

length of stay, satisfaction with the facilities, and such was 

also desired from the survey and would not be obtained by 

counting first-entering recreationists.

The true visitation for any national forest can be obtained 

only by counting all LERs from all exiting sites on all 

days throughout the year. This complete census (Jacobi 

2003) provides the correct recreation visitation but is cost 

prohibitive to administer over virtually all national forests. 

Thus, a sampling approach is more feasible in obtaining an 

estimate of visitation along with appropriate variances and 

confidence intervals.

The NVUM survey was based on a stratified random 

sampling design (Cochran 1977) adapted to recreation use 

estimation (Bergstrom and others 1996, Bowker and others 

2004, English and others 2002, Gregoire and Buhyoff 

1999, James and Schreuder 1971). The sampling frame 

consisted of the population of all possible recreation site 

days (i.e. a collection of all days at exiting sites open for 

recreation in a given national forest during the sampling 

year). For Round 1, these site days were then placed in 12 

potential strata consisting of 4 site types and 3 use levels 

(Round 2 consisted of an additional use level, resulting in 16 

strata). Within each stratum, a random sample of site days 

was selected and visited by personnel who administered 

the onsite field survey. The main benefit of stratification 
3

was to reduce the standard error of the visitation estimate. 

Stratification also allowed a more controlled allocation 

of the sample throughout the population of site days and, 

for each stratum, provided separate visitation estimates 

(which may be helpful to forest managers in addressing 

management issues).

Sampling Frame

The first step in the NVUM survey of a national forest, 

originally called prework, was to develop the sampling 

frame of recreation site-days. The formation of the 

population of site-days required the classification of all 

recreation areas in a forest into one of four site-types and the 

identification of all days these sites were open for recreation. 

With help from forest personnel, four site-types were 

identified: 

1. Day-use developed sites (DUDS). Day-use developed 

sites meet the Infrastructure Application (INFRA)2

definition for development scales of moderate, heavy, or 

high degrees of modification. Generally, DUDS provide 

visitor comfort, convenience, and education opportunities. 

Sites with facilities that provide only for the safety and 

health of visitors are not sufficiently developed to be 

included in this site-type. DUDS can include but are not 

limited to picnic areas, fish viewing sites, fishing sites, 

interpretive sites, observation sites, playground-park sport 

sites, ski areas (alpine and Nordic), some wildlife viewing 

sites, caves, visitor centers, museums, and swimming 

areas. They do not include overnight sites, boat launches, 

trailheads, and ranger stations that provide only minimal 

information services.

2. Overnight-use developed sites (OUDS). Overnightuse developed sites meet the INFRA definition for 

development scales of moderate, heavy, or high degrees 

of modification. They include campgrounds (family and 

group), fire lookouts and associated cabins, hotels, lodges 

and resorts (both publicly and privately owned), horse 

camps, organization sites (both publicly and privately 

owned), and any other overnight-developed sites in Forest 

Service jurisdiction, whether managed by the Forest 

Service or by a concessionaire. Organizational camps 

and recreational residences are not included in the OUDS 

category but are sampled as part of the general forest area.

3. Wilderness sites (WILD). Wilderness sites include lands 

and waters that are part of the National Wilderness 

Preservation System. Wilderness study areas, research 

2

 Infrastructure Application (INFRA) is the U.S. Department of Agriculture 

Forest Service’s corporate database that tracks the resources and 

infrastructure on Forest Service lands as well as the outputs that come from 

these lands. Additional information about INFRA data and definitions is 

available at http://www.fs.fed.us/eng/infomgmt/infra.htm.

natural areas, and other roadless areas are not included 

in this site-type. Sampling points for WILD sites are 

typically at trailheads leading into wilderness areas.

4. General forest area sites (GFA). General forest area sites 

include all of the national forests not included in the 

DUDS, OUDS, or WILD site-types. Generally, sample 

points will be at trailheads or on roads where users exit 

the national forest. The sites are the portals through which 

visitors engaging in dispersed activities, such as hiking, 

hunting, and dispersed camping, can access undeveloped 

areas. In some cases, a GFA entry point will be a river, 

lake, boat harbor, or airport. Sample points may be on 

both high-speed and low-speed roads managed by the 

Forest Service or other jurisdictional agency.

Development of the sampling strata for the site-days was 

based on formulating strata such that all site-days within a 

given stratum were as uniform as possible with regard to 

last-exiting visitors. Generally, when this is accomplished 

successfully in a stratified random sampling design, the 

average visitation between all the strata will be as different 

as possible and the variation within each stratum will be 

as small as possible (Cochran 1977). This ideal situation 

is never met in practice, but if reasonably approximated, 

significant gains in precision of the visitation estimate are 

possible, resulting in smaller standard errors and narrower 

confidence intervals.

The Round 1 NVUM stratification combined the four sitetypes with three levels of recreation use intensity. Thus, 

the site-days in each site-type were classified into Low (L), 

Medium (M), or High (H) depending on the anticipated 

number of LERs exiting the site on the specific day (the 

Very High [VH] use-level was added in Round 2). Note that 

this was based on the number of recreationists who were last 

exiting, not simply all exiting people or people who were 

beginning their visit. Also, these use-levels were specific to 

a given site-type. Thus, use-level L for site-type DUDS was 

different from use-level L for site-type OUDS. A simplified 

manner of referring to a given stratum is to combine the 

site-type and use-level. For instance, the stratum site-type 

DUDS and use-level L will be hereafter referred to as 

simply stratum DUDS-L. Stratification was formed by the 

classification of all site-days into the 12 potential strata 

formed by the combination of the 4 site-types and 3 

use-levels.

While performing the very time consuming stratification 

of the site-days, it became evident that some site-days at 

various locations would have extremely high visitation due 

to special events such as annual festivals, club meetings, 

civic organization events, and other activities. Thus, such 

site-days would not appropriately fit into the previously 

defined strata and doing so would increase the variability of 

the estimates. Thus, these site-days, termed Special Events, 

were removed from the sampling frame. The estimation of 
4

visitation for each Special Event site-day was obtained from 

an auxiliary source independent of the NVUM sampling 

process. Their visitation was simply added to the onsite 

sampling visitation estimates obtained at the forest level.

Nonproxy and Proxy Sites

Before the start of the NVUM field season, sites on each 

national forest are classified as either nonproxy or proxy; 

the classification is made by knowledgeable forest-level 

personnel. Nonproxy sites are those for which no reliable 

information about recreation visitation is available from 

any sources except the NVUM survey itself. In contrast, 

proxy sites are those for which information is available from 

an auxiliary source; the information could be used, either 

alone or in conjunction with other information, to derive an 

estimate of recreation visitation. For example, a national 

forest might keep monthly traffic counts (a permanent 

traffic counter might track the number of vehicles exiting 

selected recreation sites). This information—combined with 

knowledge about the percentage of vehicles that contain 

LERs and the average number of people per vehicle—could 

be used to estimate recreation visits.

Several criteria are used to determine if a site qualifies as 

a proxy site. First, the auxiliary proxy information must 

represent all users of the site. Second, the proxy count must 

be an exact tally, not an estimate. Third, only a few types 

of proxy information are acceptable, primarily data from 

fee receipts, fee envelopes, mandatory permits, permanent 

traffic counters, and ticket sales. Fee sites (sites where 

visitors pay via a fee-envelope system) primarily include 

campgrounds, ski areas, fee demo sites, and some other 

day-use recreation sites. Some designated wilderness, 

backcountry areas, and rivers require permits for all users 

and these are acceptable for gathering proxy information. 

However, voluntary permit and trail register systems are 

not suitable sources of proxy information. The 25 different 

proxy types identified by NVUM are defined in table A.2.

The number of nonproxy site-days in each stratum (site-type 

and use-level) for each of the 121 Round 1 forests is shown 

in table A.3. This total ranged from a low of 1 for stratum 

DUDS-H in forest R9F14 (R refers to region number and 

F refers to forest number) to a high of 219,116 for stratum 

GFA-L in forest R4F17. Note that there are some strata that 

have no site-days. Similarly, the number of proxy site-days 

in each stratum (site-type, proxy type, and use-level) for 

each Round 1 forest is shown in table A.4. Note that some 

forests are not shown because they do not have proxy sites 

(R1F17, R6F2, R8F4, R8F6, R8F12, R8F13, R9F8, and 

R9F14). 

Generally, it is beneficial for NVUM estimation to have as 

many proxy sites as possible. This increases the efficiency 

of the survey, decreases costs, and allows additional 

sampling at nonproxy sites, thus increasing the sample size 

and reducing variability. In addition, the variances of the 

estimates associated with proxy sites are often much less 

than that of the nonproxy sites. Therefore, the overall quality 

of the visitation estimates improves as the number of proxy 

sites increases.

Although proxy sites can be very advantageous to estimating 

visits, the sites may present a few difficulties. First, the 

identification of proxy sites may be difficult, often requiring 

extensive interaction with field personnel familiar with 

the sites and knowledgeable of the management activities 

performed on the site that may qualify the site as a proxy 

site. Second, the concept of a proxy site is often vague and 

abstract and must be understood well to optimally identify 

appropriate proxy sites. Third, individual proxy sites may 

require unique methods of estimation that add complexity to 

the sampling methodology. Despite these problems, proxy 

sites have been found to be worthwhile in terms of cost 

savings and variance reduction (English and others 2003).

Sample Selection

The sampling frame for each forest was used to randomly 

select sample days from each stratum. Proportional 

allocation was evaluated as one option to determine the 

number of site-days to sample per stratum. However, the 

Neyman (optimal) allocation approach was considered 

more efficient due to the selection of more site-days from 

strata that are larger and/or more variable (Cochran 1977). 

The prework for creating the sampling frame provided the 

information on strata size (tables A.3 and A.4), i.e., the 

number of site days per stratum. However, no information 

was available to estimate the variability component 

identified as the differential number of LERs across sitedays within a stratum. It was assumed that variability was 

positively correlated with increasing use-level. Accordingly, 

the sample allocation assigned to strata increased with 

increasing use-level. The actual allocation relied upon 

judgment for the optimal way to use the limited labor 

and financial resources and, thus, did not strictly follow 

Neyman allocation. The approach was to balance sufficient 

sampling in each stratum while also adhering to the Neyman 

allocation principles of strata size and variability.

The survey design was based on a 6-hour interviewing 

period for each selected sample site-day. This 6-hour 

sampling period for nonproxy sites was allocated randomly 

with equal number of sample days in the AM (8:00 to 2:00) 

and PM (2:00 to 8:00). At the proxy sites, the traffic counts 

were not needed and, thus, sampling was assigned so as to 

contact the maximum number of people exiting each site. 

This provided the most information possible to produce the 

calibration factors to convert proxy counts to visitation. A 

sampling calendar was developed for each forest using a 

custom-designed computer program to randomly select the 
5

allocated sample size from each stratum. Backup sampling 

days were generated for use when the scheduled ones from 

the sample calendar could not be followed for a variety of 

reasons. The number of sample days actually achieved for 

each Round 1 forest is shown in table A.5 (all forests except 

two had a sampling rate of 2 percent or less) along with the 

number of sample days that had at least one interview and 

at least one LER. Also shown are the number of interviews 

attempted, the number that agreed to be interviewed, and the 

number that were LERs. 

Survey Procedures

The sample day survey procedures at nonproxy sites 

included a 6-hour onsite survey period and a 24-hour 

traffic count. The 6-hour survey period consisted of a 

hand clicker tally of all vehicles (vehicles or people, or 

both) exiting the site and survey interviews on a random 

sample of those exiting vehicles (or groups). The person 

interviewed was selected randomly from each vehicle (or 

group) by asking which member, age 16 or older, had the 

most recent birthday. All interviewees were screened with 

a series of initial questions to determine if they were of 

LER status and if so, they were then asked another set of 

questions about arrival time, frequency of previous visits, 

activity participation, and demographics. In addition, a short 

economic questionnaire was administered to a fourth of 

the sample, while a short satisfaction questionnaire about 

recreation services and facilities was administered to another 

fourth of the sample. One or two additional questions were 

asked at proxy sites to convert proxy counts to visitation 

estimates. As mentioned previously, the survey was 

scheduled to be either AM or PM. Minor departures from 

the specific times occurred and were recorded and adjusted 

for appropriately. At the completion of a survey day, the 

interviewer filled out the Daily Summary Form, which 

contained information on the interview team, date and time 

of the survey, the tally, and number of completed interviews.

In addition to the 6-hour onsite survey period, a 24-hour 

count of all exiting visitor traffic was also obtained. At 

nonproxy sites, this was done using one of several different 

types of mechanical traffic counters selected to match the 

specific characteristics or needs of the site. Proxy site counts 

relied upon routinely collected data from other sources, 

such as ski lift tickets, mandatory permits, or fee envelopes, 

as the basis for conversion to visitation (there will be 

further explanation later in this paper). By identifying the 

proportion of last-exiting recreation visitors to total exit 

traffic, the 24-hour count was calibrated to estimate the 

number of unique recreation visits that occurred.

Estimation

Visitation Estimators

The total number of site visits to a given national forest is 

estimated as

 

SV NP P SE h

h

h

h

(1)

where

 NPh

= an estimate of the total number of site visits in 

 nonproxy stratum h,

Ph

= an estimate of the total number of site visits in 

 proxy stratum h, and 

SE= total number of Special Event visits.

Note that the index of summation h for the nonproxy and 

proxy strata is over all strata that have site-days in the given 

forest. This, obviously, varies from forest to forest. All three 

components are independent and SE is assumed to be a 

known constant so the variance is

 

V S ˆ V V NP V P h

h

h

h

(2)

To obtain the number of national forest visits, the nonproxy 

and proxy site visits are converted to national forest visits. 

The Special Events visits are not converted because it is 

assumed that those visitors only go to the Special Event sites 

in that forest. Thus, national forest visits is estimated as

 

NFV

NP

SF

P

SF

SE h

h

NP h

h

h

P h

(3)

where

SFh

NP = the average number of sites visited (nonproxy 

 and proxy) per national forest trip by a visitor in 

 nonproxy stratum h, and

SFh

P

 = the average number of sites visited (nonproxy 

 and proxy) per national forest trip by a visitor in 

 proxy stratum h.

Note that SFh

NP and SFh

P

 are based on both nonproxy and 

proxy sites and areas because the survey question that asked 

how many other sites and areas (e.g., wilderness) were 
6

visited on this trip did not distinguish between nonproxy and 

proxy sites; this may lead to a slight estimation problem. 

Assuming independence between NPh

 and SFh

NP and 

between Ph

 and SFh

P

, the variance is estimated as 

V NFV V

NP

SF

V

P

SF

h

h

NP h

h

h

P h

 

NP

SF

V NP

NP

V SF

SF

h

h

NP

h

h

h

NP

h

2

2

h NP

h

h

P

h

h

P

SF

V P

P 2

2

2

V SF

SF

h

P

h

h P

2 (4)

 

V NP

NP

V SF

SF

h

h

h

NP

h

2

2

NP

h

h

P

h

h

P

SF

V P

P 2

2

2

V SF

SF

h

P

h

h P

2

Each of the above visitation components requires a different 

estimation methodology which is now presented.

Nonproxy Component NPh



Estimation parameters—The nonproxy component 

requires estimates of three estimation parameters defined as

PBAR h = the average proportion of exiting vehicles 

 (groups) in stratum h that are LERs,

PPV h = the average number of people per vehicle 

 (group) exiting stratum h, and

SFh

NP = the average number of sites visited (nonproxy 

 and proxy) per national forest trip by a visitor 

 in nonproxy stratum h.

Two approaches were evaluated for estimating these three 

nonproxy estimation parameters for each stratum. The 

survey-based approach is the traditional methodology 

where estimators are developed separately for each stratum 

based on a cluster design with site-days being the primary 

sampling unit and vehicles (groups) within site-days 

being the secondary sampling unit. This was the approach 

initially taken by NVUM and was found to yield very 

variable estimates with illogical relationships, presumably 

due to small sample size. When resources are limited, a 

model-based approach using data from all sampled strata 

is a reasonable alternative. In an attempt to alleviate the 

previously discussed problems due to small sample size, the 

fixed components of a linear mixed model were limited to 

site-type and use-level. The site-type*use-level interaction 

was assumed negligible and not included in the model, 

which resulted in smoothing out the survey-based estimates 

which can be erratic when strata sample sizes are small. The 

clustering of the observations within the sampled site-days 

was addressed by treating them as repeated measures with 

a covariance structure consisting of a common variance 

and zero covariance for the observations within a cluster. 

It was observed that if the interaction term was included 

in the model with this covariance structure, the estimates 

were identical to the survey-based approach (the variances 

were slightly different). Although alternative models with 

other covariance structures are possible, this covariance 

structure without the interaction was used for simplicity 

and to be compatible with the covariance structure of the 

sample-based estimates, which is equivalent to a model with 

no repeated measures. To reflect the unequal probability of 

sampling visitors that visit varying number of sites, a weight 

defined as the inverse of the number of sites visited was used 

in the estimation process for SFh

NP only. For simplicity, the 

survey-based approach was approximated by also using this 

same mixed linear model but with the site-type*use-level 

interaction included. The estimated parameters from both 

models were used to predict the strata means and variances.

These two approaches, along with several other models 

that included survey time (AM and PM), were compared 

and evaluated for performance. Results indicated that 

the model-based approach using only site-type and uselevel was most appropriate and produced smoother, more 

realistic relationships. The assumption of no interaction 

between site-type and use-level seems reasonable and is a 

necessary tradeoff for the smoother relationship. In addition, 

it produced estimates for strata that are not specifically 

represented in the sample data as long as their site-type and 

use-level are represented in the data. In this situation the 

survey-based approach would have to use a more arbitrary, 

cumbersome method to obtain a pooled estimate. Originally, 

NVUM used the survey-based approach, which resulted 

in many problematic issues with pooling and averaging 

estimates to acquire parameters for strata where observations 

were limited or totally missing. Moreover, the modelbased approach has the potential to yield smaller variances 

because the estimates are based on data from all strata and 

not just one stratum as in the survey-based approach. For 

these reasons, the model-based approach was used for the 

final estimates. The exact analytical method used to estimate 

the parameters of the model relies on an iterative solution 

that is quite complicated and will not be presented here. It 

was obtained by using PROC MIXED (SAS Institute Inc. 

2004). Estimates of the nonproxy parameters PBAR h , PPV h , 

and SFh

 for all Round 1 forests are shown in tables A.6, A.7, 

and A.8.

Daily exiting vehicle count—To obtain an estimate of 

nonproxy site visits, a count of the total vehicles exiting the 

site was needed for each 24-hour sample day. This vehicle 
7

exit count was estimated using information collected during 

the 6-hour exit interview sample period (observed portion 

of day) along with a total vehicle count for the remaining 

18-hour nonsampled period (unobserved portion of the day). 

This was usually a vehicle count, but at various sites such as 

trails, this was actually a people count or at some sites was 

even a count of both vehicles and people.

The sampling protocol for vehicle counts required the 

installation of a 24-hour traffic counter near the interview 

location on each site-day selected for sampling. This counter 

usually monitored two-way traffic at the interview location, 

although the protocol could be adapted to support one-way 

or two-way traffic counts. Two pieces of traffic information 

were collected during the 6-hour onsite interview period; the 

interviewer used a hand tally counter to record traffic exiting 

the site, and the total 6-hour traffic count was recorded from 

the 24-hour counter. A ratio of the traffic exiting the site 

(hand tally) to the total traffic count at the site during the 

6-hour interview period was used to calibrate the 24-hour 

counter to estimate exiting vehicles for the unobserved 

18-hour portion of the day. The total traffic exiting the site 

was the sum of the 6-hour hand tally and the exiting traffic 

estimated for the unobserved portion of the day.

The observed calibration ratio developed during the 6-hour 

interview period is defined as

 

R

 End_Handtally – Begin_Handtally

Endint_24 – Begin_24

 (5)

where

		 Begin_Handtally = hand tally at the beginning of the 

 6-hour interview period

		 End_Handtally = hand tally at the end of the 6-hour 

 interview period

		 Begin_24 = the 24-hour traffic counter at the 

 beginning of the 6-hour interview 

 period, and

		 Endint_24 = the 24-hour traffic counter at the end 

 of the 6-hour interview period.

For any given site-day, this represented an observed 

calibration ratio which was estimated with the data from that 

site-day only. This calibration ratio was used to calibrate the 

24-hour vehicle counts for the nonsampled or unobserved 

periods for each sampled site-day.

Occasionally, the observed calibration ratio could not 

be computed due to data problems, so an average forest 

calibration ratio for each of four groups, Ri , i 1 2, ,3 4, , was 

used based upon characteristics of the vehicle counter type 

for the site-day. The groups were defined as:

Group 1 = two-way pneumatic and inductive loop vehicle 

counters 

Group 2 = two-way infrared and seismic vehicle counters

Group 3 = one-way (all one-way counters)

Group 4 = others

It was believed that the average forest calibration ratios 

were most dependent on traffic direction (one-way or 

two-way) and to a lesser degree on counter type. Although 

other factors such as survey time (AM or PM) and counting 

unit (vehicle, people, or both) may be important and could 

have been used to develop more specific groupings, doing 

so would have created too many small datasets and may 

have resulted in poor estimates. Previous NVUM methods 

development that were based on modeling have shown that 

forest and traffic direction were the two most important 

variables, while counting unit was significant in only some 

models. This supports use of individual forest calibration 

ratios and traffic direction to develop these four groups. 

The total exiting vehicle count on a given sampled siteday consists of two components: the vehicle count for the 

observed 6-hour sampled period and the vehicle count for 

the unobserved 18-hour nonsampled period. The observed 

exiting vehicle count is defined as 

 

C

OBS End_Handtally – Begin_Handtally (6a)

This C

OBS is a direct observation of exiting traffic by the 

interviewer and is a known constant which helps reduce 

the variance of the final estimator. In some sampled sitedays, there were problems with the hand tally data and, 

consequently, the observed exiting vehicle counts (equation 

6a) could not be obtained. Therefore, the average forest 

calibration ratio and the 24-hour traffic counter monitored 

during the interview period were used to obtain the observed 

vehicle counts as

 

C R OBS i Endint_24 – Begin_24 (6b)

If further data problems existed, then C

OBS was simply set 

equal to the number of interviews performed.

The second component used to estimate the total exiting 

vehicles is somewhat more complicated because the hand 

tally was not available during the unobserved 18-hour period.
8

Thus, the 24-hour traffic counter and calibration ratio had 

to be used. The unobserved mechanical traffic count for this 

unobserved period is

 

MECHUNOBS End_24 – Endint_24 (7)

where

	 End_24 = the 24-hour traffic counter at the end of the 

 24-hour survey period

An estimator for the unobserved exit count is the calibrated 

unobserved mechanical traffic count

 

C R MECHUNOBS UNOBS ( ) (8a)

Note that this uses the observed calibration ratio for the 

specific site-day; therefore, if it is an AM sampled day, 

then the calibration is based on AM sampled data. It was 

felt that using a calibration ratio from similar PM site-days 

might inflict more error then simply using the calibration 

ratio from the specific site-day that is being sampled and 

calibrated. This allows for a valid averaging over all sitedays. If there is no observed calibration ratio available for 

the specific site-day, then the average forest calibration ratio 

from the appropriate group (i=1, 2, 3, or 4) is used, yielding 

the estimator

 

C R UNOBS i(MECHUNOBS) (8b)

If data problems exist with the traffic counts where 

Endint_24 is missing and, thus, MECHUNOBS could not be 

obtained, then 

 

C R C R UNOBS OBS End_24 – Begin_24 / (8c)

or, if the observed calibration ratio is not available, then

 

C R C R UNOBS i

OBS i End_24 – Begin_24 / (8d)

If further data problems exist, then the hand tally count is 

simply expanded to the unobserved period assuming a 16-

hour recreation day as

 

C C

H

UNOBS OBS 16 – H

(8e)

where

H = the number of sampled hours which was usually 6. 

Ultimately, the total daily exiting vehicle count is then

 

C C C OBS UNOBS (9)

Last-exiting recreationists—The visitation estimate is 

based upon the concept of a last-exiting recreationist. As 

vehicles or groups of people are counted as they exit, those 

who voluntarily stop at the interview site and agree to be 

interviewed are asked a series of questions to determine 

last-exiting status. If the purpose for the visit at any of the 

four site-types is recreation and they are exiting the site for 

the last time on this visit, then they are considered lastexiting recreationists. In addition, if the site-type is GFA 

and they respond that their purpose is not recreation but they 

passed through the GFA for viewing purposes, then they are 

also considered last-exiting recreationists. Recall that the 

observed proportion of LER for a sampled site-day is the 

key input variable in the model-based estimation of PBAR.

Exiting traffic at a sample site can be counted as exiting 

vehicles or people depending on the characteristics of that 

site. In addition, sometimes a combination of both people 

and vehicles are counted. To get an estimate of visitation, 

the counting units are converted to people and then 

multiplied by the estimation parameter PBAR h to get an 

estimate of last-exiting recreationists. 

Let

EXITh

 = the average number of people exiting from 

 stratum h,

Ch

P

 = the average number of people exiting a people- 

 sample site from stratum h,

Ch

V = the average number of vehicles exiting a vehicle- 

 sample site from stratum h, 

Ch

B = the average number of both people and vehicles 

 exiting a both people-and-vehicle-sample site from 

 stratum h,

nh

P

 = the number of people-sampling days in stratum h,

nh

V

 = the number of vehicle-sampling days in stratum h,

nh

B

 = the number of both people-and-vehicle-

 sampling days in stratum h, and 

nhn = nnn h h

P

h

V

h

B

.
9

The Ch

P

, Ch

V , and Ch

B are obtained as simple averages of 

the estimates C

 (equation 9) for the appropriate site-days 

in stratum h. Then, an estimate of the average number of 

people exiting stratum h is a weighted average of Ch

P

, Ch

V , 

and Ch

B after they each are converted to the people units. 

Thus,

 

EXIT

n

n

C

n

n

PPV C

n

n h

h

P

h

h

P h

V

h

h h

V h

B

h

 PPV

C h

h

 B 1

2

 

T

n

n

C

n

n

PPV C

n

n h

h

P

h

h

P h

V

h

h h

V h

B

h

 PPV

C h

h

 B 1

2

(10)

These are shown for all Round 1 forests in table A.9. The 

nonproxy component for each stratum in equation 1 is then 

estimated as

 

NP N PBAR EXIT h h h

h

h

  (11)

where

Nh

= the total number of site-days in stratum h.

The three components in equation 11 are shown in tables 

A.3, A.6, and A.9.

Converting Nonproxy Site Visits to 

National Forest Visits

Although site visits SV is interesting, it is the national 

forest visits NFV that is of most importance to forest 

managers. To obtain the nonproxy national forest visit 

estimate, the nonproxy site visit estimator (equation 11) is 

simply divided by SFh

NP , as shown in equation 3. Table A.10 

gives the nonproxy national forest visit estimates for 

each forest. 

Proxy Component Ph



Conversion coefficient—The proxy component Ph

 of 

equation 1 requires a conversion coefficient to convert 

annual proxy counts obtained from the forests to site visit 

estimates. This conversion coefficient Ah is defined as

 

A

G

R h

h

h

(12)

where generally,

Gh

= the average number of people covered by one proxy 

 for proxy stratum h, and

Rh= the average number of proxies used per site visit 

 for proxy stratum h.

Each proxy was unique and, thus, exactly how Gh and Rh

were defined depended not only on the proxy type but 

often on the specific forest, site-type, site, etc. This was 

quite complicated and yielded a wide range of values 

for Gh and Rh as shown in table A.11. This will not be 

further explained but details may be obtained from the 

NVUM visitation estimation computer program.

Ah was estimated as a ratio estimator using PROC 

SURVEYMEANS (SAS Institute Inc. 2004) for each forest, 

site-type, and proxy type with the cluster defined as the 

observations in a site-day. A model was also produced to 

provide a valid substitute for Ah if sample size was too 

small and/or variability too large for a particular proxy 

stratum. It was obtained by fitting separate models for Gh



and Rh

 for each of the four site-types as

 

G Forest oxy h i

i

j j

j

 2 Pr (13)

and

 

R Forest oxy h i

i

j j

j

 0 1 2 Pr (14)

These mixed linear models had the same functional form, 

where clustering for a specific site-day was incorporated 

by using a repeated measures design with a compound 

symmetry covariance matrix using PROC MIXED (SAS 

Institute Inc. 2004). The conversion coefficient Ah was 

then simply obtained as defined in equation 12 using 

Gh

 and Rh

 as substitutes for Gh

 and Rh. The variance of Ah

is estimated as 

 

V A A

V G

G

V R

R h h

h

h

h

h

2

2 2

  

(15)

Ah based on the Gh

 and Rh parameters was used instead of 

the modeled Gh

 and Rh

 according to the following criteria:
10

1. If any of the following conditions are met:

(a) number of clusters > 3 and number of people > 11

(b) number of clusters > 2 and number of people > 13

(c) number of clusters > 1 and the number of people > 17

(d) number of people > 20

(e) if the proxy is one of the following: SV1, PTC1, MA1 

or TB1

2. If Ah is still not assigned, the proxy is either DUR5 or 

SUP4, and the number of people > 9.

3. If Ah is still not assigned, the width of the 95 percent 

confidence interval is less than 1.67, number of clusters > 2, 

and number of people > 10. 

4. If Ah is still not assigned, the width of the 95 percent 

confidence interval is zero and number of people > 11.

In any other situation, Ah based on the modeled Gh

 and Rh



was used, which was about 41 percent of the time.

PBAR h for permanent traffic counters—To convert 

proxy counts at the permanent traffic counter proxy types 

PTC1 and PTC3, an estimate of PBAR h was required. This 

was estimated as a ratio of means estimator using PROC 

SURVEYMEANS (SAS Institute Inc. 2004) for each forest, 

site-type, and proxy type with the cluster defined as the 

observations in a site-day. A model was also produced to 

provide a more valid substitute if sample size was too small 

and/or variability too large. The model was defined as

 

PBAR Forest Sitetype h i

i

j

j

 0 1 2 (16)

This mixed linear model incorporated clustering for a 

specific site-day by using a repeated measures design with 

a compound symmetry covariance matrix using PROC 

MIXED (SAS Institute Inc. 2004).

The estimated value based on the PROC SURVEYMEANS 

was used instead of the predicted based on the model under 

the following criteria:

1. If the width of the 95-percent confidence interval is 

< 0.35, number of clusters > 3, and the number of people >14

2. If PBAR h is still not assigned, number of clusters > 3, and 

number of people > 23

In any other situation, the modeled value was used, which 

was about 34 percent of the time. Note that this PBAR h is 

only needed for the permanent traffic proxies PTC1 and 

PTC3.

The Ph

 estimator—To obtain the proxy estimator Ph for 

proxy stratum h for a given forest, the annual proxy count 

total is needed along with the calibration coefficient Ah and, 

if the proxy is either PTC1 or PTC3, the PBAR h. For all 

proxies except PTC1 and PTC3, the Ph

 estimator is 

defined as

 

P A PROXY h h h

 (17a)

or for proxies PTC1 and PTC3 as

 

P PBAR A PROXY h h h h (17b)

where 

PROXYh

 = the annual known proxy count for proxy 

 stratum h adjusted for the recreationist 

 compliance rate.

The PROXYh

 are known constants which simplifies the 

variance of equation 17a to

 

V P PROXY V A h h h

  2  (18a)

and the variance of 17b to

 

V P PROXY A V PBAR PBAR V A h h h h h h

  2   2 2

 

V P PROXY A V PBAR PBAR V A h h h h h h

  2   2 2

(18b)

Converting Proxy Site Visits To 

National Forest Visits

Although site visits SV is interesting, it is the national forest 

visits NFV that is of most importance to forest managers. 

This conversion is easily accomplished by following 

equation 3 and using the components previously defined. In 

addition, an estimate of SFh

P is needed to convert the proxy 

site visit estimates Ph

 to proxy national forest visit estimates. 

This was estimated using PROC SURVEYMEANS (SAS 

Institute Inc. 2004) for each forest, site-type, and proxy type 

with the cluster defined as the observations in a site-day. 

To reflect the unequal probability of sampling visitors that 

visit varying number of sites, a weight defined as the inverse 

of the number of sites and areas visited was used in the 

estimation process in PROC SURVEYMEANS.
11

A model was also produced for use as a substitute and was 

obtained by fitting separate models for each of the four sitetypes as 

 

SF Forest oxy h

P

i

i

j j

j

 0 1 2 Pr (19)

This mixed linear model incorporated clustering for a 

specific site-day by using a repeated measures design with 

a compound symmetry covariance matrix using PROC 

MIXED (SAS Institute Inc. 2004). No weighting was used 

for this modeling.

The estimated value based on the PROC SURVEYMEANS 

was used instead of the predicted based on the model under 

the following criteria:

1. If number of clusters > 3 and number of people > 11

2. If number of clusters > 2 and number people > 13

3. If number of clusters > 1 and number of people > 17

4. If number of people > 20

5. If SFh

P

 is still not assigned, width of 95-percent 

confidence interval < 1.0, number of clusters > 3, and 

number of people > 11

6. If SFh

P

 is still not assigned, width of 95-percent 

confidence interval is zero, and either number of people > 12 

or both number of people > 10 and number of clusters is > 2.

In any other situation the modeled value was used, which 

was 41 percent of the time. Table A.12 gives the proxy 

national forest visit estimates for each forest.

Special Events Component SE

The Special Events SE component for a forest is simply 

the total number of visits that were obtained from forest 

personnel at sites classified as Special Events, where the 

level of visitation was usually high. Although this number 

may be the exact value or an estimate, it is viewed as known 

without error and, thus, its variance is assumed zero. In 

addition, they are viewed both as site visits in equation 1 and 

as national forest visits in equation 3 because it is assumed 

that these visitors have come to these sites exclusively to 

partake in the special event only and do not visit other sites 

during the event. A summary of all the Special Events visits 

for each forest is shown in table A.13.

Results and Discussion

Forest Level Visitation Estimates

The site visit and national forest visit estimates for each 

forest are shown in table A.14 along with the coefficients 

of variation and 90-percent confidence intervals. These 

estimates could be decomposed into their nonproxy 

components from table A.10, into their proxy components 

from table A.12, and into their Special Events from table A.13. 

This level of detail may be useful to forest managers who 

are interested in a specific aspect of the visitation estimates 

or for those investigating questionable properties of their 

visit estimates. This level of transparency is important for 

an understanding of the estimation process and for building 

credibility among the users of these NVUM estimates.

Beaverhead-Deerlodge National 

Forest Example

To reinforce the concepts presented in this paper and 

illustrate the usefulness of the data in the tables, an example 

of a typical analysis of the visitation estimation process will 

be performed. This example will examine visitation on the 

3.34 million acre Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest 

in southwest Montana. The national forest code is R1F2 

from table A.1, which is needed to identify and obtain all 

intermediate components for the estimation process. This 

forest consists of 12 nonproxy strata with a total of 47,959 

site-days (table A.3) of which a majority (56.1 percent) is in 

GFA_L. In addition, table A.4 indicates that it has four proxy 

strata consisting of day use records at campsites (DUR4 

OUDS), fee envelopes at campsites (FE4 OUDS), special 

use permits (SUP4 OUDS), and ski visits (SV1 DUDS) as 

defined in table A.2, totaling 6,001 proxy site days. This 

information reveals that the site days for the BeaverheadDeerlodge National Forest are 88.9 percent nonproxy 

and 11.1 percent proxy. Comparison of these site day 

characteristics with other forests within Region 1 (or even in 

other regions if desired) should show the uniqueness and/or 

similarity of the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest to 

other forests. For instance, the average number of nonproxy 

site-days for this region is 35,648 and average number of 

proxy site days is 3,333, both of which are exceeded by the 

Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest. The only forest in 

Region 1 that exceeds the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National 

Forest is the Lolo National Forest (R1F16) which has a total 

of 102,453 total site-days as compared to 53,960 for the 

Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest. 

Information about the NVUM sampling process can be 

obtained from table A.5 and compared among the 13 forests 

in the region. For instance, the NVUM survey consisted 
12

of 193 sampled site-days on the Beaverhead-Deerlodge 

National Forest, while Region 1 averaged 189 sample 

site-days and ranged from 147 to 219. The BeaverheadDeerlodge National Forest had at least one interview on 100 

percent of the sampled site-days, while the regional average 

was only 79 percent. In addition, this forest had at least 

one LER interview on 65 percent of these site-days, which 

was slightly above the regional average of 62 percent. The 

total number of attempted interviews on the BeaverheadDeerlodge National Forest was 892, with 87 percent 

agreeing to participate in the interviewing process and of 

which 70 percent were LERs. This was a little lower than 

the regional average of 1,000 attempted interviews but was 

similar with respect to the regional averages of 92 percent 

agreeing to participate, of which 67 percent were LERs. 

The national forest visit estimate of 1,330,965 for the 

Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest (table A.14) is 

obtained using equation 3 and consists of nonproxy, proxy, 

and Special Event visit estimates. The site visit nonproxy 

component NPh

 is obtained from equation 11 which sums 

the site visits for each stratum based on Nh, PBAR h, and 

EXITh

. For example, the site visit estimate for stratum 

DUDS_L is obtained by multiplying Nh = 4,112 

(table A.3) by PBAR h = 0.732 (table A.6) by EXITh = 60.3 

(table A.9) which yields 181,502 site visits. This is then 

converted to national forest visits as shown in equation 3 by 

dividing by SFh

NP = 1.427 (table A.8) which yields 127,191 

(table A.10). Slight discrepancies between any computations 

and the table values are due to rounding errors. This 

procedure is followed for each nonproxy stratum in the 

Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest, the summation of 

which equals the nonproxy national forest visit estimate of 

1,227,800 (table A.10). The proxy component is a little more 

complex and is based on equation 17a for all proxy strata 

except the permanent traffic counters (PTC1 and PTC3), in 

which case equation 17b is used. Table A.12 indicates that 

the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest has four proxy 

strata. For illustrative purposes, consider the proxy SV1 

DUDS, where the site visit estimate (equation 17a) is the 

product of Ah = 1.04 and PROXYh

 =46,600, which equals 

48,464 site visits. Converting this to national forest visits 

by dividing by SFh

P = 1.06 gives 45,721visits (table A.12). 

The total proxy national forest visits is the sum over all 

four proxy strata, which is 77,200. There were 22 Special 

Event site-days, which totaled 22,160 national forest visits 

(table A.13). Thus, when the nonproxy, proxy, and Special 

Event components are summed, the total national forest visit 

estimate for the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest is 

1,227,800 + 77,200 + 22,160 = 1,327,160 visits, which is 

within rounding error of the estimate in table A.14.

National Visitation Estimates

The total national visitation estimate is simply the 

summation of all the individual forest visit estimates. The 

national site visit estimate for Round 1was 239,009,917, 

with a 90-percent confidence interval of 231,554,913 

to 246,464,921. The coefficient of variation was 1.90 

percent. The national forest visit estimate for Round 1 

was 204,358,864, with a 90 percent confidence interval of 

197,468,684 to 211,249,044. The coefficient of variation 

was 2.05. These national estimates assume that the visitation 

is constant over the four-year survey cycle. Other methods 

to alleviate this assumption, such as the moving average, are 

under investigation.

Literature Cited

Bergstrom, J.C.; Teasley, R.J.; Cordell, H.K. [and others]. 1996. Effects 

of reservoir aquatic plant management on recreational expenditures 

and regional economic activity. Journal of Agricultural and Applied 

Economics. 28: 409-422.

Bowker, J.M.; Bergstrom, J.C.; Gill, J.A. 2004. The Virginia Creeper Trail: 

an assessment of user demographics, preferences, and economics. http://

www.srs.fs.usda.gov/recreation/VCT.pdf. [Date accessed: January 6, 

2009].

Cochran, W.G. 1977. Sampling techniques. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley. 

428 p.

English, D.B.K.; Kocis, S.M.; Zarnoch, S.J.; Arnold, J.R. 2002. Forest 

Service national visitor use monitoring process: research method 

documentation. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-57. Asheville, NC: U.S. 

Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station. 

14 p.

English, D.B.K.; Kocis, S.M.; Arnold, J.R. [and others]. 2003. The 

effectiveness of visitation proxy variables in improving recreation use 

estimates for the USDA Forest Service. Journal for Nature Conservation. 

11: 332-338.

Gregoire, T.G.; Buhyoff, G.J. 1999. Sampling and estimating recreational 

use. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-456. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of 

Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 39 p.

Jacobi, C. 2003. A census of hiking trail use in Acadia National Park: 

August 5 and 6, 2003. http://www.nps.gov/archive/acad/rm/docs/pdf/

visitoruse/cens2003.pdf. [Date accessed: February 5, 2009].

James, G.; Schreuder, H. 1971. Estimating use on the San Gorgonio 

Wilderness Area.	Journal of Forestry. 68(8): 490-493. 

Kocis, S.M. 1986. The adoption and diffusion of methods for estimating 

recreation use in the Pacific Northwest Region of the U.S. Forest Service. 

Moscow, ID: University of Idaho. 161 p. MS thesis. 

SAS Institute Inc. 2004. SAS/STAT® 9.1 user’s guide. Cary, NC: SAS 

Institute Inc. 5,121 p.

Zarnoch, S.J.; Kocis, S.M.; Cordell, H.K.; English, D.B.K. 2002. A pilot 

sampling design for estimating outdoor recreation site visits on the 

national forests. Res. Pap. SRS-29. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of 

Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station. 20 p. 
Appendix

15

Index of Tables

Table A.1—The 121 national forests sampled by the 

National Visitor Use Monitoring Program in Round 1 

(2000–2003)

Table A.2— The 25 proxy types used in the National Visitor 

Use Monitoring Program 

Table A.3—Number of site-days in each of the nonproxy 

strata for each Round 1 forest 

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata 

for each Round 1 forest 

Table A.5—Summary of the daily interview sampling on 

a forest basis showing number of interviews, number that 

agreed to be interviewed, number of last exiting recreation 

interviews, number of sample days, number of days with at 

least one interview, and number of days with at least one last 

exiting recreationist 

Table A.6—The nonproxy PBAR h estimates (proportion of 

exiting site traffic that was last exiting recreationists) for 

each stratum for the 121 Round 1 forests in the National 

Visitor Use Monitoring Program survey 

Table A.7—The nonproxy PPV h estimates (people per 

vehicle) for each stratum for the 121 Round 1 forests in the 

National Visitor Use Monitoring Program survey 

Table A.8—The nonproxy SFh

NP estimates (number 

of sites and areas visited) for each stratum for the 121 

Round 1 forests in the National Visitor Use Monitoring 

Program survey 

Table A.9—The average number of exiting people for each 

stratum for all 121 Round 1 forests 

Table A.10—The Round 1 nonproxy national forest visit 

estimates (1,000s) for each stratum and forest 

Table A.11—The range of values used for Rh

 and Gh for 

each of the 25 proxies 

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit 

estimates (1,000s) for each stratum and forest 

Table A.13—The number of special events (n) and special 

events visits for each Round 1 forest 

Table A.14—The site visit and national forest visit estimates 

for each Round 1 forest 

17

Table A.1—The 121 national forests sampled by the National Visitor Use Monitoring Program in Round 1 

(2000–2003)a (continued)

Region Forest Forest name Region Forest Forest name

1 2 Beaverhead-Deerlodge 4 19 Wasatch-Cache

1 3(1) Bitterroot 5 1 Angeles

1 4 Idaho Panhandle 5 2 Cleveland

1 5 Clearwater 5 3 Eldorado

1 8 Custer 5 4 Inyo

1 10 Flathead 5 5 Klamath

1 11 Gallatin 5 6 Lassen

1 12 Helena 5 7 Los Padres

1 14 Kootenai 5 8 Mendocino

1 15 Lewis and Clark 5 9 Modoc

1 16 Lolo 5 10 Six Rivers

1 17 Nez Perce 5 11 Plumas

1 18 Dakota Prairie 5 12 San Bernardino

2 2 Bighorn 5 13 Sequoia

2 3 Black Hills 5 14 Shasta-Trinity

2 4 Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre and Gunnison 5 15 Sierra

2 6 Medicine Bow-Routt 5 16 Stanislaus

2 7 Nebraska 5 17 Tahoe

2 9 Rio Grande 5 19 Lake Tahoe Management Unit

2 10 Arapaho and Roosevelt 6 1 Deschutes

2 11 Routt 6 2 Fremont

2 12 Pike and San Isabel 6 3 Gifford Pinchot

2 13 San Juan 6 4 Malheur

2 14 Shoshone 6 5 Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie

2 15 White River 6 6 Mt. Hood

3 1 Apache-Sitgreaves 6 7 Ochoco

3 2 Carson 6 8 Okanogan

3 3 Cibola 6 9 Olympic

3 4 Coconino 6 10 Rogue River

3 5 Coronado 6 11 Siskiyou

3 6 Gila 6 12 Siuslaw

3 7 Kaibab 6 14 Umatilla

3 8 Lincoln 6 15 Umpqua

3 9 Prescott 6 16 Wallowa Whitman

3 10 Santa Fe 6 17 Wenatchee

3 12 Tonto 6 18 Willamette

4 1 Ashley 6 20 Winema

continued
18

Table A.1—The 121 national forests sampled by the National Visitor Use Monitoring Program in Round 1 

(2000–2003)a (continued)

Region Forest Forest name Region Forest Forest name

4 2 Boise 6 21 Colville

4 3 Bridger-Teton 6 22 Columbia River Gorge

4 7 Dixie 8 1 National Forests in Alabama

4 8 Fishlake 8 2 Daniel Boone

4 10 Manti-La Sal 8 3 Chattahoochee-Oconee

4 12 Payette 8 4 Cherokee

4 13 Salmon and Challis 8 5 National Forests in Florida

4 14 Sawtooth 8 6 Kisatchie

4 15(5) Caribou-Targhee 8 7 National Forests in Mississippi

4 17 Humboldt-Toiyabe 8 8 George Washington and Jefferson

4 18 Uinta 8 9 Ouachita

8 10 Ozark-St. Francis 9 12 Hoosier

8 11 National Forests in North Carolina 9 13 Chequamegon-Nicolet

8 12 Francis Marion and Sumter 9 14 Wayne

8 13 National Forests in Texas 9 15 Midewin Tallgrass Prairie

8 16 Caribbean 9 19 Allegheny

8 60(88) Land Between the Lakes 9 20 Green Mountain and Finger Lakes

9 3 Chippewa 9 21 Monongahela

9 4 Huron Manistee 9 22 White Mountain

9 5 Mark Twain 10 2(1) Tongass-Stikine

9 7 Ottawa 10 3 Tongass-Chatham

9 8 Shawnee 10 4 Chugach

9 9 Superior 10 5 Tongass-Ketchikan

9 10 Hiawatha

a In four instances, multiple forest numbers were used for individual forests (identified by the parentheses) during Round 1. This was the 

count in 2000 of nationally designated forests (i.e., designated by the U.S. Congress), and although forests and grasslands have merged 

administratively since 2000, the forests were generally sampled, for the sake of consistency, as they were designated and administered in 

2000.
19

Table A.2—The 25 proxy types used in the National Visitor Use Monitoring Program

Proxy code Definition

DUR4 Daily use record of sites with PAOT of 14 or less (DUDS picnic or OUDS campsites)

DUR5 Daily use record of sites with PAOT of 15 or more (DUDS picnic or OUDS campsites)

FE1 Fee envelopes per person (DUDS or OUDS)

FE3 Fee envelopes per vehicle (DUDS or OUDS)

FE4 Fee envelopes per family site with PAOT of 14 or less ((DUDS or OUDS) 

FR1 Fee receipts or tickets per person (DUDS). Not for winter ski area use and not for OUDS.

FR2 Fee receipts or tickets per group of 14 or less.

FR3 Fee receipts or tickets per vehicle.

FR5 Envelopes, permits or tickets per large group of 15 or more

MA1 Mandatory permit per person for day AND overnight use (WILD)

MA2 Mandatory permit per small group for day AND overnight use (WILD)

PTC1 Permanent traffic counter that counts every person (one way) (all site-types)

PTC3 Permanent traffic counter that counts every vehicle (one way and adjusted for axles) (all site-types)

RE1 Registration forms per person yielding total person nights (OUDS)

RE2 Registration forms per small group of 14 or less (all site-types)

RE4 Registration form per room yielding room nights (not where more than one group per room)

RF1 Registration forms per person

RF2 Registration forms per group

RF4 Registration forms per room

SUP1 Special use permit per individual

SUP2 Special use permit per group

SUP4 Special use permit per site or cabin of 14 or less people per visit (not entire season) (OUDS)

SV1 Skier visits yielding total number of skier days (not lift tickets sold) reflecting season pass use (DUDS).

TB1 Toll booth person count (DUDS, OUDS, GFA) (no season passes)

TB3 Toll booth vehicle count (DUDS, OUDS, GFA) (no season passes)

PAOT = People at one time; DUDS = Day-use developed sites; OUDS = Overnight-use developed sites; WILD = Wilderness sites; 

GFA = General forest area sites. 
20

Table A.3—Number of site-days in each of the nonproxy strata for each Round 1 forest (continued) 

DUD OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

1 2 4,112 1,151 1,048 4,770 970 101 26,895 5,257 1,088 2,124 361 82

1 3 1,321 514 44 3,711 792 0 12,514 856 0 6,040 3,202 1,088

1 4 958 201 294 655 132 7 11,568 5,077 270 673 3 14

1 5 2,178 571 415 849 349 40 14,134 4,776 2,498 1,723 132 187

1 8 932 559 196 1,267 678 281 10,324 2,597 846 1,294 975 432

1 10 1,005 915 207 2,986 1,232 384 11,208 8,719 2,225 4,362 2,864 775

1 11 1,609 292 134 873 72 0 21,193 3,197 81 4,682 1,031 288

1 12 744 280 106 344 19 37 17,548 1,720 674 735 123 20

1 14 1,478 977 343 2,067 389 36 15,293 7,454 1,041 1,354 399 30

1 15 632 295 139 3,565 770 103 10,913 6,524 2,798 1,686 945 413

1 16 5,219 1,704 86 5,341 370 20 73,364 7,076 631 2,928 288 253

1 17 5,299 1,583 294 8,682 1,448 141 10,309 2,154 1,481 5,016 1,492 507

1 18 136 72 0 455 65 25 9,622 14,787 4,116 0 0 0

2 2 5,538 276 371 1,284 56 26 9,767 634 305 0 0 0

2 3 3,620 434 148 599 126 73 18,569 7,286 1,912 872 487 236

2 4 1,335 278 181 250 0 6 12,216 3,046 783 2,829 769 181

2 6 884 417 94 1,385 415 35 10,136 3,890 1,622 1,481 459 0

2 7 1,244 233 30 1,351 186 3 8,273 1,936 290 453 0 0

2 9 3,842 710 165 1,737 627 305 24,097 3,577 2,161 4,881 1,447 786

2 10 14,674 1,054 0 7,975 352 156 61,278 5,419 121 15,674 297 126

2 11 1,607 135 130 3,568 255 74 11,905 4,378 1,801 3,445 799 341

2 12 7,791 838 202 1,754 0 0 64,076 16,723 3,412 11,998 1,674 612

2 13 3,579 1,263 474 0 0 0 15,023 7,155 1,149 4,500 2,711 784

2 14 996 364 104 1,582 189 93 14,741 2,590 1,057 5,988 519 104

2 15 2,270 629 248 2,529 282 56 30,536 6,328 962 11,823 2,293 1,200

3 1 5,142 301 281 1,743 47 18 10,203 2,204 601 1,187 133 60

3 2 531 406 85 586 65 24 4,442 1,686 299 689 234 48

3 3 5,682 2,081 376 1,631 329 38 30,435 3,743 592 16,941 4,009 644

3 4 7,288 1,521 507 1,883 405 27 13,708 5,849 2,712 11,398 5,219 1,417

3 5 5,990 695 495 5,141 411 19 14,039 2,533 624 4,188 1,762 1,018

3 6 784 1,405 341 4,598 571 98 9,405 9,980 549 6,898 3,491 1,159

3 7 5,401 755 188 493 0 0 4,660 1,448 312 1,288 80 132

3 8 867 439 164 183 20 16 8,176 1,975 385 947 285 33

3 9 840 540 339 69 27 5 4,140 2,437 921 736 313 161

3 10 1,748 439 124 440 54 22 9,804 1,696 238 605 106 6

3 12 3,202 1,020 581 4,553 1,446 253 5,040 1,505 342 1,011 280 78

4 1 3,439 488 350 4,360 89 49 7,484 2,298 762 941 272 133

4 2 5,407 130 80 9,628 269 86 27,030 2,735 425 3,750 62 32

4 3 361 233 56 1,269 689 188 8,965 3,351 1,154 1,823 667 176

4 7 80 200 30 169 29 18 8,803 4,108 678 366 464 71

4 8 1,104 323 472 583 70 32 6,032 1,532 792 0 0 0

continued
21

Table A.3—Number of site-days in each of the nonproxy strata for each Round 1 forest (continued) 

DUD OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

4 10 710 82 50 1,457 114 42 7,544 1,668 535 815 200 273

4 12 369 83 0 329 56 1 6,049 1,774 744 891 414 37

4 13 540 377 48 1,648 355 70 9,431 1,794 430 2,008 735 30

4 14 2,290 611 258 2,242 200 15 17,442 3,165 601 2,108 144 528

4 15 2,395 858 855 5,309 284 25 110,278 1,995 455 2,654 713 64

4 17 2,594 1,308 481 5,081 786 136 219,116 58,020 7,321 31,208 3,458 2,434

4 18 4,463 1,478 265 0 0 0 6,252 3,179 2,393 1,165 373 102

4 19 1,652 1,639 48 554 107 68 21,909 5,219 201 2,485 1,899 44

5 1 7,975 2,196 821 6,783 594 193 6,993 1,805 554 3,462 478 452

5 2 1,490 235 65 2,078 177 42 7,380 1,379 290 712 41 36

5 3 1,098 530 77 337 34 38 6,449 1,047 235 1,321 922 131

5 4 2,515 1,298 890 535 343 10 5,297 1,084 948 1,022 779 136

5 5 1,331 776 64 3,675 327 175 7,101 2,049 578 3,503 1,779 172

5 6 3,357 895 37 307 0 0 9,718 1,789 507 2,166 609 84

5 7 2,649 1,027 159 1,215 48 6 5,692 2,278 741 4,459 773 484

5 8 786 517 109 1,006 202 133 2,414 1,153 638 520 143 61

5 9 869 221 74 1,456 138 0 6,990 1,982 335 989 126 20

5 10 483 317 113 93 10 2 4,261 1,508 425 287 32 32

5 11 2,105 927 137 1,018 0 0 11,434 1,724 396 873 167 46

5 12 1,755 664 270 558 77 13 8,628 1,721 325 802 498 127

5 13 991 516 265 486 44 9 6,697 699 174 1,471 446 104

5 14 1,790 1,344 698 2,178 120 12 12,992 4,963 794 1,228 255 36

5 15 1,112 490 226 306 136 52 1,535 712 369 543 560 157

5 16 710 337 101 269 130 11 3,296 1,057 412 568 169 17

5 17 1,649 204 149 1,488 392 48 17,279 5,062 934 439 118 86

5 19 1,123 528 493 0 0 0 9,624 971 190 762 116 130

6 1 3,522 1,123 244 2,394 658 696 16,421 4,413 1,597 3,461 623 96

6 2 398 249 91 938 913 417 5,660 996 986 106 133 18

6 3 6,965 1,556 1,315 6,726 240 41 15,286 757 188 340 33 0

6 4 995 121 46 1,185 100 16 5,273 1,746 263 791 111 18

6 5 4,043 181 212 195 12 35 17,255 653 262 5,814 551 220

6 6 1,166 270 207 1,319 72 0 8,582 2,438 260 2,746 363 51

6 7 1,228 261 134 3,660 258 35 15,147 2,370 445 1,404 423 99

6 8 291 203 209 5,001 877 383 13,310 1,990 375 1,909 679 252

6 9 686 282 218 416 42 24 10,538 2,116 465 5,856 914 550

6 10 1,065 414 124 748 155 52 4,751 570 239 445 181 24

6 11 2,710 685 44 2,709 287 56 6,717 1,596 644 1,022 219 33

6 12 2,394 1,227 593 218 105 18 11,916 2,013 873 410 317 114

6 14 502 89 16 1,016 479 17 13,144 3,094 890 2,895 354 36

6 15 4,692 524 182 3,328 192 56 23,717 1,639 349 5,345 431 169

6 16 598 129 83 750 128 58 4,707 2,831 996 1,819 196 115

6 17 2,499 364 149 7,542 87 6 19,438 3,215 279 8,151 987 145

continued
22

Table A.3—Number of site-days in each of the nonproxy strata for each Round 1 forest (continued) 

DUD OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

6 18 1,973 1,300 384 470 92 39 13,646 3,092 919 1,137 246 97

6 20 845 165 95 1,404 25 0 19,239 773 111 1,436 176 80

6 21 1,780 693 179 870 518 238 19,539 5,297 258 359 39 0

6 22 1,366 618 269 0 0 0 6,909 2,014 2,423 0 0 0

8 1 3,397 160 23 478 43 0 25,810 516 21 3,755 485 67

8 2 2,528 1,216 58 1,679 133 46 42,410 10,185 604 1,070 103 8

8 3 498 1,195 230 24 146 44 15,457 21,791 8,853 1,983 1,532 39

8 4 5,015 837 606 3,757 1,468 121 53,174 6,174 3,115 5,074 1,176 559

8 5 6,261 562 129 9,446 279 4 77,226 0 0 7,817 162 73

8 6 1,316 469 95 1,292 169 64 21,616 2,715 810 784 149 162

8 7 1,362 167 58 365 63 51 100,661 14,528 7,023 1,059 195 55

8 8 21,150 3,500 186 10,985 1,282 36 59,327 17,917 234 7,076 633 252

8 9 10,830 1,120 169 6,066 182 34 132,273 4,174 475 7,215 337 134

8 10 5,498 733 167 6,900 118 27 72,309 37,776 7,485 8,063 1,387 405

8 11 17,783 3,795 1,007 1,539 0 0 71,028 30,487 19,281 8,105 566 458

8 12 5,833 1,262 122 1,963 237 10 68,871 5,353 230 824 265 70

8 13 1,040 1,421 572 2,741 510 181 24,871 13,001 3,917 2,167 1,252 237

8 16 1,762 312 122 0 0 0 2,820 108 0 0 0 0

8 60 1,421 2,714 245 4,263 1,638 304 610 0 0 0 0 0

9 3 3,880 1,269 589 0 0 0 27,916 12,255 2,796 0 0 0

9 4 2,028 67 243 984 123 9 16,177 2,284 636 312 12 51

9 5 4,828 1,360 96 1,699 139 27 33,376 1,021 20 2,923 985 41

9 7 1,110 407 176 38 0 0 9,417 1,800 690 908 60 0

9 8 3,641 1,481 1,603 2,224 767 714 10,214 7,095 4,299 946 2,021 1,616

9 9 5,582 2,572 964 418 224 30 16,915 7,641 2,967 0 0 0

9 10 3,809 746 323 308 0 0 22,715 6,037 802 6,361 275 90

9 12 1,176 696 166 1,209 120 105 4,908 2,114 695 840 152 228

9 13 1,554 221 119 0 0 0 43,554 14,244 3,889 1,768 404 26

9 14 410 243 1 230 24 39 1,885 1,073 1,236 0 0 0

9 15 54 89 48 0 0 0 200 71 21 0 0 0

9 19 1,627 149 187 680 0 0 43,942 3,057 1,298 1,940 171 60

9 20 2,747 611 112 5,745 65 22 31,532 12,611 2,730 6,198 3,862 1,652

9 21 1,042 477 198 858 105 120 8,092 4,691 1,861 2,801 913 407

9 22 2,334 632 715 0 0 0 22,322 6,629 3,197 5,326 1,308 139

10 2 891 152 170 555 0 0 5,118 2,829 279 1,899 682 126

10 3 1,077 951 275 127 0 0 24,221 595 238 19,236 292 0

10 4 1,766 191 107 143 0 0 8,591 1,729 824 0 0 0

10 5 1,262 278 47 776 0 0 9,654 894 0 2,780 366 0

DUDS = Day-use developed sites; OUDS = Overnight-use developed sites; GFA = General forest area sites; WILD = wilderness sites; R = Region; 

F = Forest; L = low use-level; M = medium use-level; H = high use-level.
23

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

1 2 DUR4 OUDS 298 387 224

1 2 FE4 OUDS 25 57 27

1 2 SUP4 OUDS 2,984 1,242 552

1 2 SV1 DUDS 20 121 64

1 3 DUR4 OUDS 605 225 26

1 3 DUR5 OUDS 180 33 0

1 3 FR1 DUDS 0 30 34

1 3 RE4 OUDS 1,345 0 0

1 4 DUR4 OUDS 662 93 14

1 4 DUR5 OUDS 67 28 0

1 4 FE3 DUDS 97 49 19

1 4 FE4 OUDS 215 40 17

1 4 FR1 DUDS 62 36 87

1 4 SUP4 OUDS 849 0 0

1 4 SV1 DUDS 14 79 44

1 5 FE4 OUDS 1,668 251 92

1 5 SUP4 OUDS 920 114 116

1 8 DUR4 DUDS 0 105 47

1 8 DUR4 OUDS 259 653 184

1 8 SV1 DUDS 0 80 71

1 10 FE4 OUDS 60 1,057 305

1 10 FR1 DUDS 63 146 34

1 10 FR3 DUDS 90 31 0

1 10 SUP4 OUDS 2,655 0 0

1 11 DUR4 OUDS 1023 738 111

1 11 PTC1 DUDS 0 110 4

1 11 PTC1 GFA 336 0 0

1 11 RE1 OUDS 523 0 0

1 11 SUP4 OUDS 8,047 0 0

1 11 SV1 DUDS 0 0 114

1 12 FE4 OUDS 563 158 23

1 12 RE2 OUDS 651 0 0

1 14 DUR5 DUDS 198 136 33

1 14 FE4 OUDS 460 1,101 191

1 14 FR1 DUDS 0 0 56

1 14 SUP4 OUDS 700 0 0

1 15 FE4 OUDS 610 505 91

1 15 RE1 OUDS 1,414 0 0

1 15 SV1 DUDS 0 35 134

1 16 FE4 OUDS 1,195 609 149

1 16 FR1 DUDS 0 129 123

1 16 FR5 OUDS 365 0 0

1 16 RE2 OUDS 350 0 0

continued
24

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

1 16 RE4 OUDS 549 0 0

1 16 SUP2 OUDS 730 0 0

1 16 SUP4 OUDS 758 151 65

1 18 DUR4 OUDS 0 115 23

2 2 DUR4 OUDS 3,821 700 518

2 2 FE4 OUDS 563 0 0

2 2 MA2 WILD 2,630 486 169

2 2 SV1 DUDS 43 22 116

2 3 DUR4 OUDS 924 380 76

2 3 DUR5 OUDS 232 0 0

2 3 PTC1 DUDS 0 0 128

2 3 RE2 OUDS 96 20 0

2 3 SUP4 OUDS 34 0 0

2 4 DUR4 OUDS 1,560 325 92

2 4 DUR5 OUDS 29 0 0

2 4 RE1 OUDS 36 0 0

2 4 RE4 OUDS 675 322 69

2 4 SV1 DUDS 130 180 69

2 6 DUR4 OUDS 1,673 755 200

2 6 DUR5 DUDS 45 0 0

2 6 FR1 DUDS 0 3 0

2 6 RE4 OUDS 838 480 160

2 6 SV1 DUDS 19 83 48

2 7 DUR4 OUDS 95 133 47

2 7 DUR5 OUDS 71 103 37

2 7 FE3 OUDS 457 206 74

2 7 FR1 DUDS 78 111 13

2 7 PTC1 DUDS 0 102 138

2 9 DUR4 OUDS 1,180 1,080 381

2 9 RF1 DUDS 81 20 214

2 9 RF4 OUDS 131 112 7

2 9 SUP1 GFA 36 0 60

2 9 SV1 DUDS 0 0 166

2 10 SV1 DUDS 495 431 229

2 10 TB3 DUDS 40 124 60

2 11 DUR4 OUDS 66 59 13

2 11 SV1 DUDS 53 134 145

2 12 DUR4 OUDS 10,213 2,064 350

2 12 FE3 DUDS 1,418 320 39

2 12 FE4 OUDS 442 25 0

2 12 FR3 DUDS 560 202 157

2 12 FR5 OUDS 1,292 111 113

2 12 PTC3 GFA 36 87 41

continued
25

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

2 12 RE1 OUDS 912 0 0

2 12 RE4 OUDS 722 0 0

2 12 SV1 DUDS 293 220 74

2 12 TB1 GFA 0 30 579

2 13 DUR4 OUDS 3,240 2,051 629

2 13 FR1 DUDS 87 37 0

2 13 SV1 DUDS 93 88 42

2 14 FE3 OUDS 128 204 0

2 14 FE4 OUDS 1,376 445 575

2 14 FR1 DUDS 0 25 0

2 14 PTC1 GFA 63 29 0

2 14 RE1 OUDS 0 0 128

2 14 RE2 OUDS 56 0 67

2 14 RE4 OUDS 871 492 1,643

2 14 SV1 DUDS 0 0 73

2 15 DUR4 DUDS 235 100 0

2 15 DUR4 OUDS 3,828 1,210 227

2 15 DUR5 DUDS 150 0 0

2 15 DUR5 OUDS 417 0 0

2 15 FE4 OUDS 563 43 0

2 15 FR1 GFA 241 119 343

2 15 PTC1 GFA 734 265 308

2 15 RE1 OUDS 2,648 424 0

2 15 SV1 DUDS 1,130 744 245

3 1 DUR4 OUDS 2,926 771 248

3 1 DUR5 OUDS 123 0 0

3 1 FR1 GFA 190 82 4

3 1 PTC1 OUDS 117 22 0

3 1 RE1 DUDS 120 35 12

3 1 RE4 OUDS 365 0 0

3 2 DUR4 OUDS 429 78 28

3 2 DUR5 OUDS 241 6 11

3 2 SV1 DUDS 383 108 40

3 3 FE4 OUDS 912 52 0

3 3 FR1 DUDS 0 462 270

3 3 RF2 DUDS 198 154 46

3 3 RF4 DUDS 1,992 204 0

3 3 RF4 OUDS 1,245 217 48

3 4 DUR4 OUDS 3,256 695 280

3 4 FE4 OUDS 244 22 0

3 4 FR1 DUDS 574 158 0

3 4 FR2 OUDS 199 0 0

3 4 FR3 DUDS 701 623 385

continued
26

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

3 4 RF4 OUDS 459 0 0

3 4 SUP4 OUDS 244 22 0

3 4 SV1 DUDS 144 35 294

3 5 DUR4 OUDS 73 513 85

3 5 FR5 OUDS 370 0 0

3 5 RE4 OUDS 550 172 0

3 5 SV1 DUDS 19 23 28

3 6 FE3 OUDS 119 125 0

3 6 FE4 OUDS 398 285 51

3 6 FR5 DUDS 507 99 0

3 6 PTC1 DUDS 112 192 61

3 7 DUR4 OUDS 1,222 355 38

3 7 FE4 OUDS 42 14 97

3 7 FR1 DUDS 228 88 304

3 7 RF4 OUDS 400 192 141

3 8 DUR4 OUDS 425 233 39

3 8 DUR5 OUDS 25 67 0

3 8 FE3 OUDS 337 45 4

3 8 FR5 OUDS 4 17 0

3 8 SV1 DUDS 108 27 20

3 9 DUR4 OUDS 434 66 93

3 9 DUR5 OUDS 0 36 4

3 9 FE4 OUDS 91 13 36

3 10 DUR4 DUDS 165 0 0

3 10 DUR4 OUDS 195 192 53

3 10 DUR5 DUDS 43 0 0

3 10 DUR5 OUDS 9 25 0

3 10 PTC1 WILD 357 209 70

3 10 SV1 DUDS 0 100 21

3 12 DUR4 OUDS 429 62 73

3 12 DUR5 DUDS 55 0 0

3 12 DUR5 OUDS 572 20 0

3 12 FE3 OUDS 445 0 0

3 12 PTC1 DUDS 229 44 89

3 12 PTC3 GFA 1,881 1,002 248

3 12 RE4 OUDS 56 8 0

4 1 DUR4 OUDS 3,389 368 260

4 1 DUR5 OUDS 120 0 0

4 1 FR3 DUDS 53 74 124

4 1 RE4 OUDS 485 17 0

4 1 TB1 DUDS 42 32 0

4 2 DUR4 OUDS 1,398 211 16

4 2 FE1 OUDS 101 16 19

continued
27

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

4 2 FE4 OUDS 2,027 96 20

4 2 PTC3 DUDS 180 48 1

4 2 PTC3 OUDS 123 0 0

4 2 PTC3 GFA 1,855 1,016 35

4 2 SUP4 OUDS 2,341 0 0

4 2 SV1 DUDS 163 0 138

4 3 DUR4 OUDS 1,276 628 44

4 3 DUR5 OUDS 157 85 12

4 3 FR1 DUDS 143 194 92

4 3 RE4 OUDS 286 531 110

4 3 SV1 DUDS 95 161 113

4 7 DUR4 OUDS 1,694 653 106

4 7 DUR5 DUDS 378 54 0

4 7 DUR5 OUDS 299 84 0

4 7 FR1 DUDS 0 60 0

4 7 FR3 DUDS 77 53 0

4 7 RE4 OUDS 42 0 0

4 7 SV1 DUDS 0 34 115

4 8 DUR4 OUDS 1,094 93 32

4 8 DUR5 OUDS 17 87 16

4 8 FE4 OUDS 16 0 0

4 8 FR1 OUDS 3 80 16

4 8 RE4 OUDS 203 99 16

4 10 DUR4 OUDS 1,702 131 7

4 10 DUR5 OUDS 447 138 38

4 12 DUR4 DUDS 61 0 0

4 12 DUR4 OUDS 442 0 0

4 12 DUR5 OUDS 172 32 0

4 12 FE4 OUDS 1,012 311 50

4 12 FR1 DUDS 0 20 0

4 12 MA2 WILD 0 64 28

4 12 PTC3 GFA 248 584 254

4 12 RE4 OUDS 106 0 0

4 12 SV1 DUDS 59 79 34

4 13 DUR5 OUDS 36 24 0

4 13 FE4 OUDS 87 42 46

4 13 MA2 WILD 42 89 102

4 13 RE4 OUDS 55 81 0

4 13 SUP4 OUDS 89 0 0

4 14 DUR4 OUDS 705 443 222

4 14 FR1 DUDS 53 0 0

4 14 RF4 OUDS 45 52 40

4 14 SUP2 DUDS 104 244 104

continued
28

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

4 14 SV1 DUDS 136 205 86

4 15 DUR4 OUDS 1,837 543 227

4 15 FR1 DUDS 26 47 21

4 15 RF2 OUDS 137 79 32

4 15 SUP1 OUDS 870 138 566

4 15 SV1 DUDS 125 42 171

4 17 DUR4 DUDS 95 0 291

4 17 DUR4 OUDS 1,948 1,246 782

4 17 RF4 OUDS 706 272 34

4 17 SV1 DUDS 0 227 85

4 18 DUR4 OUDS 2,231 992 146

4 18 DUR5 OUDS 333 0 0

4 18 RE4 OUDS 0 365 0

4 19 DUR4 DUDS 90 101 0

4 19 DUR4 OUDS 4,252 691 94

4 19 DUR5 DUDS 188 134 0

4 19 DUR5 OUDS 274 39 83

4 19 FE3 DUDS 590 0 0

4 19 FE3 GFA 31 48 37

4 19 FE4 OUDS 67 13 0

4 19 FR1 DUDS 287 37 0

4 19 FR3 DUDS 121 101 0

4 19 FR3 GFA 0 79 37

4 19 RE4 OUDS 149 0 0

4 19 SUP4 OUDS 37 0 0

4 19 SV1 DUDS 144 367 334

5 1 DUR4 OUDS 1,066 341 61

5 1 FE4 DUDS 366 0 0

5 1 FE4 OUDS 1,647 388 162

5 1 FR1 DUDS 614 287 88

5 1 FR3 DUDS 1,022 521 51

5 1 PTC3 DUDS 195 171 0

5 1 RF2 OUDS 717 106 123

5 1 TB1 DUDS 216 162 0

5 1 TB3 OUDS 104 0 0

5 2 DUR4 OUDS 221 257 57

5 2 FE4 OUDS 204 54 0

5 2 PTC1 WILD 458 332 154

5 2 RE4 OUDS 329 36 0

5 3 DUR4 OUDS 2,290 346 34

5 3 DUR5 OUDS 91 16 0

5 3 RE2 OUDS 124 0 0

5 3 SUP4 OUDS 806 0 0

continued
29

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

5 3 SV1 DUDS 152 76 28

5 4 DUR4 OUDS 3,217 1,177 543

5 4 DUR5 OUDS 535 17 0

5 4 FR1 DUDS 64 18 120

5 4 RE4 OUDS 1,505 385 399

5 4 SV1 DUDS 76 138 210

5 5 FE4 OUDS 253 181 33

5 5 FR5 OUDS 396 34 0

5 6 DUR4 OUDS 4,875 813 20

5 6 RF4 OUDS 184 0 0

5 7 DUR4 DUDS 222 224 162

5 7 DUR4 OUDS 3,137 851 124

5 7 DUR5 OUDS 151 35 104

5 8 DUR4 OUDS 335 94 110

5 8 DUR5 OUDS 0 31 40

5 8 FE4 OUDS 391 48 24

5 8 SUP4 OUDS 16 0 0

5 9 FE4 OUDS 1,665 290 19

5 9 FR1 DUDS 64 0 0

5 10 DUR4 OUDS 630 304 30

5 10 RE4 OUDS 0 303 61

5 10 SUP4 OUDS 109 0 0

5 11 DUR4 OUDS 3,729 940 120

5 11 RF4 OUDS 1,176 0 0

5 12 DUR4 OUDS 1,411 123 82

5 12 DUR5 OUDS 243 48 0

5 12 FE3 DUDS 227 0 28

5 12 FE4 OUDS 97 16 0

5 12 FR1 DUDS 175 72 0

5 12 PTC1 DUDS 183 147 33

5 12 RE2 OUDS 91 0 0

5 12 SV1 DUDS 162 223 188

5 13 DUR4 OUDS 2,058 215 97

5 13 DUR5 OUDS 72 76 3

5 13 FR1 DUDS 112 12 83

5 13 RE4 OUDS 46 6 9

5 13 SUP4 OUDS 97 0 0

5 14 DUR4 OUDS 1,300 387 160

5 14 DUR5 OUDS 285 48 16

5 14 FE4 OUDS 820 141 18

5 14 RE4 OUDS 401 48 0

5 14 SV1 DUDS 56 26 4

5 15 DUR4 DUDS 43 11 26

continued
30

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

5 15 DUR4 OUDS 1,389 693 150

5 15 DUR5 OUDS 93 54 13

5 15 FE3 DUDS 54 80 26

5 15 RE4 OUDS 226 111 16

5 15 SV1 DUDS 0 76 24

5 16 DUR4 OUDS 1,713 165 51

5 16 DUR5 OUDS 34 0 0

5 16 FE4 OUDS 58 2 0

5 16 FR1 DUDS 58 61 46

5 16 RE4 OUDS 176 10 0

5 16 SV1 DUDS 16 37 34

5 17 DUR4 OUDS 6,481 1,716 206

5 17 DUR5 OUDS 359 325 36

5 17 FR1 DUDS 822 346 148

5 17 FR2 OUDS 134 0 0

5 17 PTC1 DUDS 13 97 44

5 17 RE2 GFA 15 82 38

5 19 DUR4 OUDS 925 140 55

5 19 FR1 DUDS 209 0 0

5 19 RE4 OUDS 468 23 0

5 19 SV1 DUDS 0 61 80

6 1 DUR4 OUDS 565 46 11

6 1 DUR5 OUDS 167 61 61

6 1 FE3 OUDS 841 136 0

6 1 FE4 OUDS 2,678 821 1,143

6 1 PTC1 DUDS 85 127 112

6 1 PTC3 GFA 100 428 0

6 1 RE4 OUDS 796 187 20

6 1 SV1 DUDS 0 67 213

6 3 DUR4 OUDS 1,925 296 30

6 3 DUR5 OUDS 248 10 0

6 3 FE4 OUDS 496 81 17

6 3 MA2 WILD 8,589 227 55

6 3 PTC3 DUDS 618 322 203

6 3 PTC3 GFA 1,966 416 177

6 3 RE1 OUDS 130 0 0

6 4 FE4 OUDS 957 251 72

6 4 PTC3 GFA 339 223 123

6 4 SUP4 OUDS 128 0 0

6 5 DUR4 OUDS 3,558 166 216

6 5 FR1 DUDS 412 100 60

6 5 MA2 WILD 1,909 171 0

6 5 RF4 OUDS 1,250 15 17

continued
31

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

6 5 SUP4 OUDS 2,112 0 0

6 6 DUR4 DUDS 243 28 0

6 6 DUR4 OUDS 1,254 175 102

6 6 FE3 DUDS 33 54 20

6 6 RE4 OUDS 309 56 0

6 6 SV1 DUDS 39 169 684

6 7 FE4 OUDS 906 521 105

6 7 PTC3 GFA 1,484 652 318

6 7 SUP2 OUDS 280 142 27

6 8 SV1 DUDS 0 49 12

6 9 DUR4 OUDS 681 39 76

6 9 FE4 OUDS 1,945 112 140

6 9 FR3 DUDS 226 51 89

6 9 PTC1 DUDS 694 137 267

6 9 RF1 OUDS 316 174 452

6 9 RF4 OUDS 220 61 85

6 10 FR1 DUDS 32 48 20

6 10 RE4 OUDS 377 59 30

6 10 SUP4 OUDS 18 0 0

6 11 DUR4 OUDS 176 54 0

6 11 FE3 OUDS 535 30 0

6 11 FR1 GFA 64 98 144

6 11 SUP4 OUDS 716 175 129

6 12 DUR4 OUDS 2,076 1,056 157

6 12 DUR5 OUDS 94 0 0

6 12 FE3 OUDS 556 297 44

6 12 PTC1 DUDS 0 0 128

6 12 PTC3 DUDS 90 91 184

6 12 PTC3 GFA 696 715 719

6 12 RE2 DUDS 0 22 25

6 12 RE2 OUDS 113 18 0

6 12 RE4 OUDS 365 0 0

6 14 DUR4 OUDS 684 56 17

6 14 FE3 DUDS 49 24 0

6 14 FE4 OUDS 619 164 28

6 14 SUP4 OUDS 249 0 0

6 14 SV1 DUDS 0 141 20

6 15 DUR4 OUDS 866 210 101

6 15 DUR5 OUDS 613 14 0

6 15 FE4 OUDS 4,970 133 0

6 15 RE1 DUDS 30 153 0

6 15 SUP4 OUDS 1,349 0 0

6 16 DUR4 OUDS 102 41 20

continued
32

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

6 16 FE4 OUDS 99 65 34

6 16 FR1 DUDS 82 62 0

6 16 FR3 DUDS 39 0 0

6 16 FR3 GFA 332 313 157

6 16 PTC1 DUDS 158 4 0

6 16 RE4 OUDS 57 0 0

6 16 SUP4 OUDS 208 0 0

6 16 SV1 DUDS 20 25 42

6 17 DUR4 OUDS 4,796 451 74

6 17 FE4 OUDS 2,017 46 0

6 17 FR3 DUDS 653 119 0

6 17 FR3 OUDS 36 15 0

6 17 MA2 WILD 309 34 26

6 17 RE1 OUDS 810 0 0

6 17 RE4 OUDS 97 19 0

6 17 SV1 DUDS 313 261 52

6 18 DUR4 OUDS 2,618 609 146

6 18 DUR5 OUDS 85 81 0

6 18 FE3 OUDS 154 36 9

6 18 MA2 WILD 1,177 171 34

6 18 PTC3 DUDS 358 199 246

6 18 PTC3 GFA 116 40 80

6 18 RE4 OUDS 137 26 0

6 18 SUP4 OUDS 273 0 0

6 18 SV1 DUDS 0 123 88

6 20 FE3 DUDS 252 56 99

6 20 FE3 OUDS 364 97 50

6 20 FE3 GFA 184 20 61

6 21 FE3 DUDS 96 40 0

6 21 FE3 OUDS 882 234 6

6 21 FR1 DUDS 0 0 98

6 21 FR3 DUDS 37 0 0

6 21 FR3 OUDS 48 17 0

6 21 FR5 OUDS 0 4 20

6 21 SUP4 OUDS 76 0 0

6 22 PTC3 GFA 175 38 153

6 22 RF1 OUDS 172 316 52

8 1 DUR4 DUDS 339 65 28

8 1 DUR4 OUDS 922 100 9

8 2 DUR4 OUDS 1,268 209 83

8 2 DUR5 OUDS 138 6 0

8 2 FE4 OUDS 154 0 0

8 2 FR3 DUDS 0 21 122

continued
33

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

8 2 FR5 DUDS 62 47 0

8 3 FE3 DUDS 1,326 3,974 639

8 3 FE3 OUDS 32 69 42

8 3 FE3 GFA 212 776 597

8 3 FE4 OUDS 396 1,056 675

8 5 FR3 DUDS 366 0 0

8 5 RF2 OUDS 366 0 0

8 5 SUP4 OUDS 366 0 0

8 5 TB1 DUDS 1,148 441 241

8 5 TB1 OUDS 892 461 111

8 5 TB3 GFA 247 111 8

8 7 FE3 DUDS 1,879 375 224

8 7 FE4 OUDS 1,660 297 184

8 7 FR3 GFA 150 9 55

8 7 RE1 GFA 1,072 504 120

8 8 FE4 DUDS 300 70 0

8 8 FE4 OUDS 1,182 126 131

8 8 FR3 DUDS 605 127 0

8 8 FR3 OUDS 105 213 0

8 8 TB3 DUDS 378 33 102

8 8 TB3 OUDS 394 54 4

8 9 SUP4 OUDS 141 58 0

8 10 DUR4 OUDS 303 53 9

8 10 FE4 OUDS 1,044 137 52

8 10 FR1 DUDS 134 131 57

8 10 FR1 GFA 526 126 78

8 10 FR3 DUDS 57 55 26

8 11 DUR4 DUDS 151 122 92

8 11 DUR4 OUDS 748 693 271

8 11 DUR5 OUDS 458 330 98

8 11 FE3 OUDS 350 205 71

8 11 FE4 OUDS 2,744 482 173

8 11 FR1 DUDS 0 138 46

8 11 FR1 OUDS 395 158 41

8 11 FR2 OUDS 1,461 0 0

8 11 FR3 DUDS 363 311 56

8 11 FR5 OUDS 459 198 0

8 11 TB3 DUDS 332 314 84

8 16 FR2 DUDS 365 0 0

8 60 FR1 DUDS 398 335 93

8 60 PTC1 DUDS 277 484 184

8 60 PTC3 DUDS 396 211 123

8 60 PTC3 OUDS 244 121 0

continued
34

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

8 60 PTC3 GFA 421 730 1,769

8 60 RE1 OUDS 399 789 367

9 3 DUR4 OUDS 453 61 11

9 3 FE4 OUDS 2,139 731 140

9 3 FR5 OUDS 147 0 0

9 3 RE1 OUDS 1,487 165 117

9 4 DUR4 OUDS 1,798 195 139

9 5 DUR4 OUDS 702 218 73

9 5 DUR5 OUDS 87 19 0

9 5 FE3 DUDS 693 243 101

9 5 FE3 GFA 37 12 0

9 7 FE4 OUDS 259 99 27

9 7 FR1 DUDS 63 0 39

9 7 FR2 DUDS 57 18 3

9 7 FR3 DUDS 91 0 0

9 7 FR5 OUDS 0 13 0

9 7 MA2 WILD 24 61 30

9 7 PTC1 DUDS 104 0 45

9 9 DUR4 OUDS 2,000 1,303 336

9 9 FE4 OUDS 122 46 0

9 9 MA1 WILD 8,883 2,578 2,375

9 10 FE4 OUDS 3,082 223 83

9 10 SUP4 OUDS 520 0 0

9 10 SV1 DUDS 69 39 0

9 12 FE3 OUDS 204 40 0

9 12 FR3 DUDS 233 172 78

9 12 FR3 OUDS 500 5 88

9 13 DUR4 OUDS 5,674 313 210

9 13 DUR5 OUDS 82 3 14

9 13 PTC1 DUDS 146 129 87

9 15 FR1 GFA 396 124 23

9 15 TB1 GFA 37 0 3

9 19 DUR4 OUDS 2,023 76 40

9 19 FE3 DUDS 73 14 15

9 19 FR3 DUDS 150 15 27

9 20 FE4 OUDS 544 122 41

9 20 SV1 DUDS 276 140 106

9 21 DUR4 DUDS 78 37 0

9 21 DUR4 OUDS 522 234 34

9 21 DUR5 DUDS 92 37 0

9 21 DUR5 OUDS 61 88 17

9 21 FR1 GFA 87 34 0

9 21 RE2 OUDS 148 0 0

continued
35

Table A.4—Number of site-days in each of the proxy strata for each 

Round 1 forest (continued)

Region Forest Proxy Sitetype L M H

9 21 SV1 DUDS 41 39 62

9 22 DUR4 OUDS 2,883 446 989

9 22 FE1 OUDS 30 159 0

9 22 FE4 OUDS 418 95 0

9 22 FR1 DUDS 40 149 0

9 22 FR3 DUDS 20 38 29

9 22 PTC1 DUDS 148 307 52

9 22 RF1 DUDS 80 0 0

9 22 RF1 OUDS 2,833 1,168 483

9 22 SUP4 OUDS 1,257 0 31

9 22 SV1 DUDS 191 445 290

10 2 FE4 OUDS 77 15 0

10 2 RE1 GFA 650 208 26

10 2 RE4 WILD 494 0 0

10 2 SUP4 OUDS 6,374 0 0

10 2 SUP4 WILD 1,887 0 0

10 3 FE4 OUDS 0 348 0

10 3 RF4 OUDS 7,816 0 0

10 4 DUR4 DUDS 101 0 0

10 4 DUR4 OUDS 1,089 496 188

10 4 FE4 OUDS 127 0 0

10 4 FR2 DUDS 0 35 79

10 4 RE4 OUDS 7,734 0 0

10 4 SUP2 OUDS 26 0 0

10 4 TB3 DUDS 196 172 0

10 4 TB3 OUDS 66 0 87

10 4 TB3 GFA 118 10 94

10 5 FE4 OUDS 249 192 121

10 5 FR1 DUDS 99 0 0

10 5 PTC1 DUDS 30 42 50

10 5 SUP4 OUDS 7,347 0 0

10 5 SUP4 WILD 3,080 0 0

DUDS = Day-use developed sites; OUDS = Overnight-use developed sites; 

GFA = General forest area sites; WILD = Wilderness sites; L = Low use-level; 

M = Medium use-level; H = High use-level.
36

Table A.5—Summary of the daily interview sampling on a forest basis showing number of 

interviews, number that agreed to be interviewed, number of last exiting recreation interviews, 

number of sample days, number of days with at least one interview, and number of days with at 

least one last exiting recreationist (continued)

Region Forest

Number of 

interviews

Number that 

agreed

Number of

LER

Sample 

days

Days with 

at least 1 

interview

Days with at 

least 1 LER

1 2 892 780 544 193 193 126

1 3 889 859 738 170 125 111

1 4 1,496 1,414 932 205 160 146

1 5 687 666 456 168 136 114

1 8 466 455 338 165 69 62

1 10 1,036 893 549 208 208 102

1 11 2,033 1,815 1,434 207 183 169

1 12 868 838 558 170 134 123

1 14 1,371 1,303 867 203 168 154

1 15 1,108 1,061 520 186 140 121

1 16 1,175 1,104 697 212 149 128

1 17 609 479 263 147 147 76

1 18 367 349 189 219 136 95

2 2 1,326 1,233 802 134 113 99

2 3 1,108 1,012 588 203 173 146

2 4 1,894 1,637 1,222 175 159 149

2 6 1,309 1,232 922 181 132 119

2 7 469 409 235 123 89 78

2 9 477 421 359 137 137 87

2 10 2,390 2,146 1,247 182 182 130

2 11 728 713 589 187 128 117

2 12 1,632 1,494 1,240 263 198 179

2 13 1,009 869 589 160 160 121

2 14 1,030 954 562 189 141 123

2 15 2,430 2,147 1,862 271 226 206

3 1 1,757 1,630 1,205 148 129 126

3 2 1,044 798 545 176 133 118

3 3 1,398 1,149 886 184 184 123

3 4 1,543 1,309 908 239 239 157

3 5 1,999 1,611 1,204 193 160 146

3 6 498 475 367 228 129 106

3 7 1,326 1,219 523 122 122 86

3 8 1,162 1,095 631 201 180 154

3 9 2,388 2,085 1,138 164 124 118

3 10 2,258 1,895 1,570 238 209 203

3 12 3,094 2,734 2,027 200 173 166

4 1 1,560 1,338 858 186 155 145

4 2 1,053 970 392 163 163 86

4 3 2,793 2,579 1,755 222 207 194

4 7 1,277 1,157 634 184 152 137

4 8 914 760 449 147 130 112

continued
37

Table A.5—Summary of the daily interview sampling on a forest basis showing number of 

interviews, number that agreed to be interviewed, number of last exiting recreation interviews, 

number of sample days, number of days with at least one interview, and number of days with at 

least one last exiting recreationist (continued)

Region Forest

Number of 

interviews

Number that 

agreed

Number of

LER

Sample 

days

Days with 

at least 1 

interview

Days with at 

least 1 LER

4 10 926 876 485 155 115 91

4 12 1,098 981 718 205 151 136

4 13 1,005 934 663 170 154 130

4 14 1,414 1,247 629 146 146 100

4 15 1,192 1,085 850 174 174 112

4 17 1,333 1,070 621 233 233 116

4 18 2,552 2,453 1,990 227 210 204

4 19 2,253 1,713 1,339 222 198 174

5 1 1,816 1,529 1,037 269 269 169

5 2 1,122 1,099 734 157 121 113

5 3 1,705 1,597 1,141 204 182 172

5 4 2,906 2,530 1,783 205 197 192

5 5 589 552 381 199 129 104

5 6 610 515 365 174 174 85

5 7 1,498 1,280 1,048 205 154 148

5 8 1,892 1,707 919 164 143 131

5 9 404 339 209 154 154 75

5 10 1,630 1,332 577 177 153 140

5 11 1,350 1,300 888 172 172 146

5 12 1,826 1,404 997 219 187 161

5 13 2,195 1,880 1,210 192 172 161

5 14 1,888 1,599 970 233 224 201

5 15 1,405 1,196 790 163 135 126

5 16 2,337 1,966 1,257 170 164 152

5 17 2,094 2,008 1,744 245 199 183

5 19 1,857 1,707 1,575 148 143 143

6 1 1,391 1,166 711 235 189 149

6 2 810 764 400 154 125 109

6 3 1,017 856 688 214 157 142

6 4 514 460 319 180 129 103

6 5 1,420 1,247 1,007 131 131 110

6 6 1,796 1,313 944 183 159 150

6 7 470 372 176 183 183 67

6 8 1,027 880 535 186 186 120

6 9 1,325 1,118 854 196 196 124

6 10 616 435 218 100 88 62

6 11 596 514 320 161 95 80

6 12 1,063 884 517 199 157 138

6 14 960 822 649 199 125 111

6 15 968 852 578 188 128 112

continued
38

Table A.5—Summary of the daily interview sampling on a forest basis showing number of 

interviews, number that agreed to be interviewed, number of last exiting recreation interviews, 

number of sample days, number of days with at least one interview, and number of days with at 

least one last exiting recreationist (continued)

Region Forest

Number of 

interviews

Number that 

agreed

Number of

LER

Sample 

days

Days with 

at least 1 

interview

Days with at 

least 1 LER

6 16 1,037 858 619 199 155 141

6 17 1,574 1,489 1,171 269 222 200

6 18 2374 2,026 1,390 225 194 187

6 20 852 814 233 142 109 79

6 21 792 680 336 204 149 114

6 22 1,368 1,247 1,213 161 161 143

8 1 717 601 367 159 128 107

8 2 1,187 1,054 734 182 146 135

8 3 723 634 489 209 151 126

8 4 1,271 1,218 769 190 157 133

8 5 888 702 416 133 133 81

8 6 415 397 241 113 71 52

8 7 833 783 524 243 163 126

8 8 1,619 1,427 975 232 232 157

8 9 2,054 1,811 695 161 161 102

8 10 1,445 1,361 741 214 142 112

8 11 1,443 1,317 827 240 181 159

8 12 1,214 948 618 155 135 120

8 13 449 400 192 179 103 68

8 16 1,973 1,353 494 45 45 42

8 60 754 550 302 91 85 70

9 3 1,334 1,296 671 207 177 156

9 4 1,151 1,065 642 133 111 99

9 5 980 865 578 161 121 103

9 7 1,221 1,124 751 179 150 124

9 8 1,182 997 662 265 181 137

9 9 516 455 302 173 173 92

9 10 1,299 1,049 526 152 152 95

9 12 625 572 427 212 162 137

9 13 1,665 1,551 928 227 185 162

9 14 838 744 489 153 120 102

9 15 90 81 80 76 40 38

9 19 1,665 1,516 693 160 140 115

9 20 768 665 535 231 231 130

9 21 2,519 2,284 1,089 258 218 193

9 22 995 858 696 205 205 139

10 2 541 511 222 170 97 77

10 3 740 644 606 143 143 90

10 4 802 728 557 137 100 87

10 5 762 726 413 141 90 70

LER = Last-exiting recreationists.
39

Table A.6—The nonproxy PBAR h estimates (proportion of exiting site traffic that was last exiting recreationists) for 

each stratum for the 121 Round 1 forests in the National Visitor Use Monitoring Program survey (continued)

DUD OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

1 2 0.732 0.736 0.775 0.451 0.455 0.494 0.659 0.663 0.702 0.750 0.754 0.793

1 3 0.684 0.729 0.859 0.518 0.564 — 0.847 0.892 — 0.836 0.882 1.000

1 4 0.482 0.298 0.464 0.979 0.795 0.961 0.757 0.573 0.739 1.00 0.825 0.991

1 5 0.592 0.536 0.491 0.858 0.801 0.756 0.831 0.775 0.729 0.406 0.349 0.304

1 8 0.485 0.538 0.602 0.727 0.780 0.844 0.773 0.826 0.890 0.818 0.871 0.935

1 10 0.492 0.664 0.600 0.496 0.668 0.604 0.426 0.599 0.534 0.668 0.840 0.776

1 11 0.500 0.741 0.828 0.304 0.544 — 0.682 0.923 1.00 0.439 0.680 0.767

1 12 0.809 0.801 0.809 0.521 0.513 0.521 0.627 0.619 0.626 0.878 0.870 0.878

1 14 0.532 0.649 0.863 0.239 0.356 0.569 0.458 0.575 0.789 0.210 0.327 0.541

1 15 0.074 0.269 0.239 0.325 0.521 0.490 0.495 0.690 0.660 0.662 0.857 0.826

1 16 0.546 0.718 0.606 0.232 0.404 0.292 0.462 0.635 0.522 0.376 0.548 0.436

1 17 0.403 0.531 0.770 0.303 0.431 0.670 0.353 0.482 0.720 0.066 0.195 0.433

1 18 0.240 0.302 — 0.315 0.377 0.559 0.461 0.524 0.705 — — —

2 2 0.478 0.553 0.71 0.267 0.341 0.498 0.642 0.717 0.873 — — —

2 3 0.513 0.524 0.599 0.414 0.425 0.501 0.482 0.492 0.568 0.715 0.726 0.801

2 4 0.716 0.684 0.563 0.492 — 0.338 0.865 0.833 0.711 0.946 0.914 0.793

2 6 0.547 0.707 0.696 0.463 0.623 0.612 0.659 0.819 0.808 0.774 0.935 —

2 7 0.495 0.598 0.611 0.773 0.876 0.889 0.384 0.487 0.499 0.455 — —

2 9 0.885 0.908 0.832 0.785 0.808 0.732 0.798 0.821 0.745 0.941 0.964 0.888

2 10 0.476 0.562 — 0.150 0.236 0.302 0.545 0.631 0.696 0.861 0.947 1.000

2 11 0.747 0.904 0.891 0.622 0.780 0.766 0.692 0.850 0.837 0.650 0.807 0.794

2 12 0.551 0.770 0.793 0.500 — — 0.641 0.861 0.883 0.717 0.936 0.959

2 13 0.686 0.692 0.810 — — — 0.570 0.577 0.695 0.906 0.912 1.000

2 14 0.524 0.445 0.553 0.270 0.190 0.298 0.831 0.751 0.859 0.487 0.407 0.515

2 15 0.786 0.783 0.842 0.545 0.543 0.602 0.824 0.822 0.881 0.919 0.917 0.976

3 1 0.626 0.788 0.737 0.653 0.815 0.763 0.617 0.779 0.728 0.803 0.965 0.914

3 2 0.418 0.495 0.421 0.342 0.419 0.346 0.741 0.818 0.745 0.939 1.00 0.943

3 3 0.783 0.852 0.897 0.401 0.469 0.515 0.510 0.579 0.624 0.839 0.907 0.953

3 4 0.737 0.730 0.846 0.768 0.761 0.877 0.501 0.494 0.610 0.945 0.938 1.000

3 5 0.613 0.666 0.797 0.613 0.667 0.797 0.651 0.705 0.835 0.658 0.711 0.841

3 6 0.775 0.784 0.969 0.685 0.695 0.880 0.562 0.571 0.756 0.635 0.644 0.829

3 7 0.485 0.408 0.440 0.667 — — 0.298 0.222 0.254 0.919 0.842 0.874

3 8 0.845 0.818 0.916 0.081 0.055 0.152 0.539 0.512 0.609 0.859 0.832 0.929

3 9 0.250 0.321 0.353 0.572 0.643 0.675 0.521 0.592 0.624 0.917 0.988 1.000

3 10 0.445 0.539 0.539 0.605 0.699 0.699 0.797 0.891 0.891 0.854 0.948 0.947

3 12 0.539 0.512 0.539 0.697 0.669 0.696 0.898 0.870 0.898 0.990 0.963 0.99

4 1 0.786 0.804 0.798 0.584 0.602 0.597 0.561 0.579 0.574 0.931 0.949 0.944

4 2 0.222 0.435 0.389 0.242 0.456 0.409 0.213 0.426 0.380 0.165 0.379 0.332

4 3 0.418 0.490 0.561 0.451 0.523 0.594 0.709 0.781 0.852 0.540 0.612 0.683

4 7 0.304 0.406 0.422 0.326 0.428 0.445 0.537 0.639 0.656 0.707 0.809 0.826

4 8 0.413 0.355 0.353 0.529 0.471 0.469 0.859 0.801 0.799 — — —

4 10 0.379 0.304 0.392 0.279 0.204 0.292 0.710 0.635 0.724 0.466 0.391 0.480

continued
40

Table A.6—The nonproxy PBAR h estimates (proportion of exiting site traffic that was last exiting recreationists) for 

each stratum for the 121 Round 1 forests in the National Visitor Use Monitoring Program survey (continued)

DUD OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

4 12 0.445 0.492 — 0.675 0.721 0.928 0.603 0.649 0.856 0.476 0.523 0.730

4 13 0.512 0.654 0.728 0.584 0.725 0.799 0.536 0.678 0.752 0.563 0.704 0.779

4 14 0.501 0.421 0.646 0.540 0.459 0.684 0.327 0.246 0.472 0.613 0.532 0.757

4 15 0.620 0.806 0.783 0.584 0.770 0.747 0.716 0.902 0.879 0.808 0.994 0.971

4 17 0.466 0.379 0.374 0.388 0.301 0.296 0.758 0.671 0.667 0.987 0.900 0.895

4 18 0.813 0.794 0.810 — — — 0.784 0.764 0.780 0.975 0.956 0.971

4 19 0.667 0.786 0.819 0.243 0.363 0.396 0.742 0.861 0.895 0.805 0.924 0.958

5 1 0.653 0.679 0.626 0.672 0.698 0.645 0.542 0.567 0.514 1.000 1.000 0.972

5 2 0.170 0.734 0.633 0.390 0.954 0.853 0.379 0.943 0.842 0.725 1.000 1.000

5 3 0.714 0.624 0.538 0.857 0.766 0.681 0.782 0.691 0.605 1.000 0.938 0.853

5 4 0.711 0.696 0.712 0.379 0.363 0.380 0.721 0.705 0.722 0.881 0.866 0.882

5 5 0.502 0.873 0.793 0.000 0.329 0.249 0.478 0.849 0.769 0.541 0.912 0.832

5 6 0.767 0.756 0.727 0.500 — — 0.673 0.662 0.633 0.954 0.943 0.914

5 7 0.623 0.637 0.687 0.745 0.758 0.809 0.814 0.828 0.878 0.915 0.929 0.979

5 8 0.505 0.543 0.669 0.397 0.435 0.560 0.441 0.479 0.605 0.742 0.780 0.906

5 9 0.529 0.636 0.839 0.296 0.403 — 0.359 0.466 0.669 0.698 0.806 1.000

5 10 0.083 0.259 0.254 0.170 0.347 0.342 0.532 0.709 0.704 0.716 0.893 0.888

5 11 0.586 0.733 0.785 0.708 — — 0.486 0.633 0.685 0.793 0.940 0.992

5 12 0.462 0.540 0.595 0.395 0.473 0.528 0.683 0.761 0.816 0.840 0.918 0.973

5 13 0.519 0.575 0.646 0.652 0.709 0.780 0.520 0.577 0.648 0.886 0.942 1.000

5 14 0.485 0.553 0.523 0.457 0.525 0.495 0.600 0.668 0.638 0.744 0.812 0.782

5 15 0.651 0.597 0.535 0.846 0.793 0.730 0.773 0.719 0.657 0.859 0.805 0.743

5 16 0.513 0.584 0.649 0.400 0.471 0.536 0.511 0.581 0.647 0.784 0.855 0.920

5 17 0.667 0.820 0.857 0.652 0.805 0.842 0.721 0.874 0.911 0.826 0.979 1.000

5 19 0.850 0.873 0.886 — — — 0.927 0.949 0.962 0.972 0.994 1.000

6 1 0.595 0.796 0.702 0.202 0.403 0.308 0.492 0.693 0.599 0.669 0.87 0.776

6 2 0.524 0.631 0.565 0.333 0.439 0.374 0.501 0.607 0.541 0.911 1.000 0.951

6 3 0.864 0.748 0.895 0.729 0.613 0.759 0.849 0.733 0.879 0.576 0.460 —

6 4 0.511 0.666 0.672 0.412 0.567 0.573 0.653 0.808 0.814 0.659 0.814 0.820

6 5 0.738 0.731 0.803 0.882 0.874 0.947 0.698 0.690 0.762 0.937 0.929 1.000

6 6 0.671 0.599 0.625 0.753 0.682 — 0.706 0.634 0.660 0.996 0.925 0.95

6 7 0.222 0.468 0.362 0.244 0.490 0.385 0.354 0.600 0.494 0.468 0.714 0.608

6 8 0.852 0.731 0.757 0.479 0.358 0.383 0.698 0.577 0.603 0.795 0.674 0.700

6 9 0.742 0.818 0.890 0.496 0.571 0.644 0.590 0.665 0.738 0.821 0.896 0.969

6 10 0.409 0.314 0.583 0.615 0.520 0.789 0.555 0.460 0.729 0.468 0.373 0.642

6 11 0.560 0.580 0.566 0.373 0.393 0.380 0.651 0.671 0.658 0.992 1.000 0.998

6 12 0.437 0.468 0.535 0.463 0.494 0.561 0.653 0.684 0.751 0.848 0.879 0.946

6 14 0.948 0.881 0.912 0.465 0.399 0.430 0.772 0.705 0.736 0.642 0.575 0.606

6 15 0.665 0.666 0.567 0.491 0.492 0.394 0.812 0.814 0.715 0.930 0.932 0.833

6 16 0.703 0.750 0.781 0.526 0.573 0.603 0.528 0.575 0.605 0.849 0.896 0.926

6 17 0.781 0.749 0.866 0.539 0.506 0.624 0.811 0.779 0.896 0.923 0.891 1.000

6 18 0.534 0.671 0.725 0.557 0.695 0.749 0.649 0.787 0.841 0.824 0.962 1.000

continued
41

Table A.6—The nonproxy PBAR h estimates (proportion of exiting site traffic that was last exiting recreationists) for 

each stratum for the 121 Round 1 forests in the National Visitor Use Monitoring Program survey (continued)

DUD OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

6 20 0.174 0.161 0.000 0.304 0.290 — 0.448 0.434 0.247 1.000 1.000 0.858

6 21 0.349 0.263 0.389 0.412 0.327 0.452 0.704 0.618 0.744 0.842 0.756 —

6 22 0.889 0.953 0.946 — — — 0.931 0.995 0.988 — — —

8 1 0.560 0.621 0.530 0.663 0.724 — 0.386 0.447 0.355 0.788 0.850 0.758

8 2 0.761 0.779 0.781 0.623 0.640 0.642 0.635 0.652 0.655 0.795 0.812 0.814

8 3 0.908 0.973 0.924 0.630 0.696 0.647 0.593 0.658 0.609 0.855 0.921 0.872

8 4 0.524 0.466 0.727 0.391 0.333 0.594 0.625 0.567 0.828 0.749 0.691 0.952

8 5 0.301 0.782 0.844 0.244 0.725 0.787 0.304 — — 0.267 0.748 0.810

8 6 0.475 0.592 0.763 0.570 0.686 0.857 0.302 0.418 0.589 0.712 0.829 1.000

8 7 0.501 0.756 0.871 0.417 0.672 0.787 0.378 0.633 0.748 0.708 0.963 1.000

8 8 0.520 0.800 0.887 0.420 0.700 0.788 0.397 0.677 0.764 0.502 0.782 0.869

8 9 0.419 0.524 0.517 0.427 0.532 0.525 0.165 0.270 0.262 0.899 1.000 0.997

8 10 0.366 0.664 0.696 0.255 0.553 0.585 0.119 0.417 0.450 0.270 0.568 0.600

8 11 0.580 0.671 0.734 0.273 — — 0.519 0.610 0.673 0.738 0.828 0.891

8 12 0.584 0.640 0.739 0.355 0.411 0.510 0.594 0.650 0.750 0.683 0.739 0.838

8 13 0.382 0.415 0.428 0.441 0.474 0.487 0.429 0.463 0.476 0.796 0.829 0.843

8 16 0.203 0.386 0.130 — — — 0.422 0.606 — — — —

8 60 0.461 0.471 0.522 0.409 0.419 0.469 0.750 — — — — —

9 3 0.562 0.685 0.771 — — — 0.329 0.452 0.539 — — —

9 4 0.644 0.597 0.639 0.681 0.633 0.676 0.562 0.515 0.558 0.785 0.738 0.781

9 5 0.376 0.667 0.571 0.372 0.663 0.567 0.569 0.859 0.763 0.695 0.986 0.890

9 7 0.292 0.640 0.803 0.333 — — 0.419 0.768 0.930 0.427 0.776 —

9 8 0.638 0.630 0.837 0.380 0.372 0.578 0.445 0.437 0.643 0.689 0.681 0.888

9 9 0.818 0.734 0.765 0.395 0.311 0.342 0.727 0.643 0.674 — — —

9 10 0.505 0.5 97 0.821 0.367 — — 0.156 0.248 0.472 0.587 0.679 0.902

9 12 0.607 0.831 0.845 0.526 0.750 0.765 0.481 0.705 0.719 0.744 0.968 0.983

9 13 0.403 0.608 0.429 — — — 0.485 0.691 0.512 0.640 0.846 0.666

9 14 0.345 0.582 0.589 0.282 0.519 0.526 0.603 0.840 0.847 — — —

9 15 1.000 1.000 1.000 — — — 1.000 1.000 1.000 — — —

9 19 0.226 0.372 0.500 0.069 — — 0.322 0.468 0.596 0.074 0.220 0.348

9 20 0.760 0.900 0.891 0.690 0.830 0.821 0.608 0.748 0.740 0.864 1.000 0.995

9 21 0.424 0.512 0.62 0.144 0.232 0.340 0.390 0.477 0.586 0.796 0.884 0.992

9 22 0.415 0.713 0.692 — — — 0.578 0.875 0.854 0.569 0.867 0.846

10 2 0.438 0.591 0.827 0.636 — — 0.414 0.567 0.803 0.000 0.119 0.354

10 3 0.916 0.966 1.000 0.846 — — 0.863 0.914 0.955 0.089 0.094 —

10 4 0.697 0.621 0.906 0.667 — — 0.640 0.563 0.848 — — —

10 5 0.580 0.840 0.805 0.706 — — 0.195 0.455 — 0.099 0.359 —

— = Stratum was not used; DUDS = Day-use developed sites; OUDS = Overnight-use developed sites; GFA = General forest area sites; 

WILD = Wilderness sites; R = Region; F = Forest; L = Low use-level; M = Medium use-level; H = High use-level. 
42

Table A.7—The nonproxy PPV h estimates (people per vehicle) for each stratum for the 121 Round 1 forests in the 

National Visitor Use Monitoring Program survey (continued)

DUD OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

1 2 3.066 2.713 2.780 3.029 2.676 2.743 2.400 2.047 2.114 2.568 2.215 2.282

1 3 2.494 2.164 2.164 2.951 2.622 — 2.176 1.847 — 2.666 2.337 2.337

1 4 2.413 2.699 2.851 3.219 3.505 3.658 1.890 2.176 2.329 1.281 1.567 1.719

1 5 3.149 2.446 2.965 2.660 1.958 2.477 2.783 2.081 2.600 3.046 2.344 2.863

1 8 2.543 2.965 3.443 1.932 2.354 2.831 1.707 2.130 2.607 1.581 2.003 2.480

1 10 2.489 2.297 2.538 2.307 2.114 2.355 2.504 2.312 2.552 2.707 2.515 2.755

1 11 2.399 2.979 3.021 2.649 3.230 — 2.291 2.872 2.914 1.788 2.368 2.410

1 12 1.870 1.887 2.241 2.978 2.994 3.348 1.920 1.936 2.290 2.256 2.272 2.626

1 14 2.496 2.571 2.933 2.493 2.568 2.930 2.164 2.239 2.602 1.800 1.875 2.237

1 15 2.564 2.971 3.145 2.604 3.010 3.185 1.857 2.264 2.438 2.607 3.013 3.188

1 16 2.771 2.263 3.217 2.651 2.143 3.096 2.212 1.704 2.658 2.163 1.655 2.608

1 17 3.264 3.578 5.288 1.410 1.724 3.434 1.581 1.895 3.605 5.251 5.565 7.275

1 18 3.247 3.565 — 2.280 2.598 2.551 2.300 2.618 2.571 — — —

2 2 3.110 3.443 3.940 1.610 1.943 2.439 2.096 2.430 2.926 — — —

2 3 3.155 3.244 3.209 2.487 2.577 2.542 2.083 2.172 2.137 2.798 2.887 2.852

2 4 2.688 2.738 3.139 3.084 — 3.536 2.310 2.361 2.762 2.149 2.199 2.601

2 6 2.329 3.115 2.964 2.363 3.149 2.998 1.860 2.647 2.496 1.757 2.543 —

2 7 3.473 2.852 3.203 3.360 2.739 3.091 2.443 1.822 2.173 2.685 — —

2 9 1.723 2.813 2.604 1.641 2.731 2.522 2.247 3.337 3.128 2.660 3.750 3.541

2 10 2.422 2.493 — 2.681 2.752 2.818 2.213 2.284 2.349 2.636 2.707 2.773

2 11 2.571 2.639 2.732 2.858 2.925 3.018 2.155 2.223 2.316 2.074 2.142 2.235

2 12 2.622 2.764 2.693 6.00 — — 2.074 2.216 2.145 2.251 2.393 2.322

2 13 2.377 2.656 3.056 — — — 2.142 2.421 2.821 2.213 2.493 2.893

2 14 4.160 3.582 3.976 2.916 2.338 2.731 2.607 2.029 2.422 2.799 2.221 2.614

2 15 2.450 2.864 2.754 2.719 3.133 3.023 1.786 2.200 2.090 2.222 2.636 2.526

3 1 2.558 3.550 3.362 2.028 3.020 2.832 2.021 3.013 2.825 2.160 3.151 2.964

3 2 2.794 2.408 3.101 2.169 1.783 2.476 2.523 2.137 2.830 2.555 2.169 2.862

3 3 3.147 3.185 3.690 2.073 2.110 2.616 1.875 1.912 2.418 1.755 1.793 2.298

3 4 2.700 2.852 2.780 2.261 2.413 2.341 2.139 2.291 2.218 2.266 2.418 2.345

3 5 2.801 2.614 2.659 3.152 2.965 3.011 2.224 2.037 2.083 2.301 2.114 2.160

3 6 1.829 2.138 2.282 1.979 2.288 2.432 1.723 2.032 2.175 1.982 2.291 2.435

3 7 2.654 2.633 2.435 2.154 — — 2.283 2.262 2.064 2.700 2.679 2.480

3 8 2.635 2.701 2.961 3.031 3.097 3.358 2.358 2.424 2.684 2.409 2.475 2.736

3 9 2.132 2.124 2.547 2.074 2.067 2.490 1.878 1.870 2.293 2.100 2.092 2.515

3 10 2.729 2.829 3.477 2.633 2.733 3.381 2.184 2.284 2.932 2.563 2.663 3.311

3 12 2.607 2.732 2.848 2.646 2.771 2.887 2.289 2.415 2.530 2.782 2.907 3.023

4 1 3.463 3.411 3.117 3.284 3.231 2.937 2.861 2.808 2.514 3.597 3.545 3.251

4 2 4.739 5.265 5.667 2.581 3.108 3.510 2.098 2.624 3.026 1.546 2.072 2.474

4 3 2.635 3.037 2.566 2.720 3.122 2.652 2.194 2.595 2.125 2.528 2.929 2.459

4 7 2.681 3.824 2.924 1.674 2.817 1.917 2.149 3.292 2.392 3.289 4.433 3.532

4 8 2.088 2.701 2.655 2.403 3.016 2.971 2.214 2.827 2.781 — — —

4 10 2.846 2.834 3.001 2.386 2.374 2.541 2.682 2.671 2.837 3.776 3.764 3.931

continued
43

Table A.7—The nonproxy PPV h estimates (people per vehicle) for each stratum for the 121 Round 1 forests in the 

National Visitor Use Monitoring Program survey (continued)

DUD OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

4 12 2.861 2.680 — 3.261 3.080 3.262 2.353 2.172 2.354 2.991 2.810 2.991

4 13 2.534 2.711 2.709 2.201 2.377 2.376 2.088 2.264 2.263 2.302 2.478 2.477

4 14 2.648 2.391 2.668 2.756 2.499 2.777 2.694 2.437 2.714 2.465 2.208 2.485

4 15 2.234 2.358 2.248 4.116 4.240 4.130 2.385 2.509 2.399 2.829 2.953 2.843

4 17 2.594 2.429 2.946 2.066 1.901 2.418 2.401 2.236 2.753 2.076 1.911 2.428

4 18 2.957 3.541 3.550 — — — 2.006 2.591 2.599 2.815 3.400 3.408

4 19 2.989 2.830 2.876 2.992 2.833 2.879 2.485 2.326 2.372 2.120 1.961 2.007

5 1 2.450 2.915 3.436 2.844 3.309 3.830 1.650 2.115 2.636 2.136 2.601 3.122

5 2 2.361 2.521 2.794 2.667 2.827 3.100 1.960 2.120 2.393 2.527 2.687 2.960

5 3 2.656 2.694 3.063 1.998 2.035 2.404 2.130 2.168 2.537 2.371 2.409 2.778

5 4 2.691 2.823 2.831 2.198 2.330 2.339 2.253 2.385 2.393 2.877 3.008 3.017

5 5 2.622 2.900 3.525 1.852 2.130 2.755 2.183 2.461 3.086 1.778 2.056 2.681

5 6 3.309 2.833 2.797 2.000 — — 3.056 2.580 2.544 3.155 2.679 2.643

5 7 4.166 3.524 4.106 2.800 2.157 2.739 2.353 1.711 2.293 2.983 2.340 2.923

5 8 1.607 1.672 1.854 1.956 2.022 2.204 2.005 2.070 2.252 1.945 2.010 2.192

5 9 2.790 2.433 3.184 2.443 2.086 — 2.397 2.040 2.791 2.666 2.309 3.060

5 10 2.582 2.297 3.056 2.021 1.735 2.494 2.467 2.181 2.940 2.613 2.328 3.086

5 11 2.900 3.033 3.083 2.471 — — 2.119 2.252 2.302 2.426 2.559 2.609

5 12 3.115 3.178 3.443 3.220 3.283 3.548 2.750 2.813 3.079 3.067 3.130 3.395

5 13 3.121 3.665 3.635 2.407 2.952 2.922 2.552 3.096 3.066 2.584 3.129 3.099

5 14 2.645 2.772 3.023 2.918 3.045 3.296 2.343 2.470 2.721 2.399 2.526 2.777

5 15 3.815 4.028 4.075 2.835 3.048 3.096 2.436 2.649 2.696 2.427 2.640 2.687

5 16 2.511 3.008 3.338 2.016 2.514 2.843 2.067 2.565 2.894 2.190 2.688 3.017

5 17 3.280 3.788 3.904 2.930 3.438 3.554 1.723 2.231 2.346 2.248 2.756 2.871

5 19 3.137 2.634 2.581 — — — 2.881 2.378 2.324 3.541 3.038 2.985

6 1 2.484 2.726 2.717 1.919 2.160 2.152 2.051 2.293 2.284 2.531 2.773 2.764

6 2 3.230 3.012 3.054 2.650 2.433 2.475 2.464 2.246 2.288 3.170 2.952 2.994

6 3 2.473 2.822 2.972 2.092 2.442 2.592 1.866 2.215 2.365 1.800 2.150 —

6 4 2.918 2.830 2.699 3.354 3.266 3.135 2.131 2.043 1.912 3.015 2.928 2.797

6 5 2.906 2.677 3.142 1.887 1.657 2.122 2.345 2.116 2.581 2.626 2.397 2.862

6 6 3.368 3.874 3.408 1.935 2.441 — 2.274 2.780 2.314 2.457 2.964 2.497

6 7 2.329 2.723 2.555 1.543 1.937 1.769 1.919 2.314 2.145 2.028 2.423 2.255

6 8 2.176 2.026 2.278 2.409 2.260 2.512 2.301 2.151 2.403 3.242 3.092 3.344

6 9 2.879 2.594 2.918 3.827 3.542 3.865 2.438 2.153 2.476 2.506 2.221 2.545

6 10 2.664 2.857 2.943 2.378 2.571 2.656 2.895 3.088 3.174 2.132 2.325 2.411

6 11 3.476 3.476 3.550 2.811 2.812 2.885 2.507 2.508 2.581 2.439 2.439 2.512

6 12 2.486 2.660 2.786 2.739 2.912 3.039 2.502 2.675 2.801 1.879 2.052 2.179

6 14 2.782 3.671 3.644 2.501 3.389 3.362 1.671 2.559 2.532 1.826 2.715 2.688

6 15 2.755 2.611 2.954 3.408 3.264 3.607 2.188 2.044 2.386 2.636 2.491 2.834

6 16 2.951 3.137 2.990 3.027 3.213 3.066 1.994 2.181 2.033 2.741 2.928 2.780

6 17 2.856 3.063 3.165 2.585 2.792 2.894 2.337 2.544 2.646 2.408 2.615 2.717

6 18 2.499 2.604 2.610 2.700 2.804 2.811 2.156 2.261 2.267 2.512 2.616 2.623

continued
44

Table A.7—The nonproxy PPV h estimates (people per vehicle) for each stratum for the 121 Round 1 forests in the 

National Visitor Use Monitoring Program survey (continued)

DUD OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

6 20 1.936 2.574 2.814 1.949 2.588 — 1.802 2.440 2.680 1.685 2.323 2.563

6 21 1.958 2.138 2.368 2.351 2.531 2.761 1.870 2.049 2.280 2.305 2.484 —

6 22 2.076 2.374 2.675 — — — 2.287 2.585 2.886 — — —

8 1 5.762 4.076 4.309 4.295 2.609 — 3.739 2.054 2.286 4.547 2.862 3.094

8 2 2.035 2.617 2.679 2.298 2.880 2.941 1.961 2.543 2.604 2.293 2.875 2.936

8 3 2.158 2.106 2.302 2.690 2.638 2.834 2.302 2.250 2.446 2.447 2.395 2.591

8 4 2.790 2.820 3.368 1.987 2.017 2.565 2.075 2.105 2.654 1.786 1.816 2.364

8 5 3.312 2.551 3.630 5.207 4.447 5.525 2.385 — — 2.761 2.000 3.079

8 6 3.005 2.122 2.523 2.850 1.967 2.368 2.678 1.796 2.197 3.482 2.599 3.000

8 7 1.764 2.251 2.585 2.285 2.772 3.106 1.392 1.879 2.213 1.923 2.410 2.744

8 8 1.888 2.445 2.700 2.218 2.776 3.030 1.591 2.148 2.403 1.994 2.551 2.806

8 9 2.748 2.782 3.088 2.757 2.791 3.098 1.909 1.943 2.249 2.057 2.092 2.398

8 10 2.483 4.347 4.335 1.000 2.654 2.642 1.000 1.953 1.941 2.148 4.012 4.000

8 11 2.334 2.892 2.460 2.667 — — 2.122 2.680 2.248 2.657 3.215 2.783

8 12 1.983 2.424 2.537 1.583 2.024 2.137 2.143 2.584 2.697 2.079 2.521 2.634

8 13 3.215 3.207 3.452 2.660 2.652 2.897 1.799 1.792 2.036 2.516 2.508 2.753

8 16 6.323 6.029 5.857 — — — 3.554 3.259 — — — —

8 60 1.853 1.769 2.172 2.203 2.119 2.521 2.161 — — — — —

9 3 2.200 2.867 2.637 — — — 1.714 2.381 2.151 — — —

9 4 2.813 2.605 3.180 2.236 2.027 2.603 2.089 1.880 2.456 2.545 2.337 2.913

9 5 1.812 2.336 2.970 1.653 2.177 2.811 1.727 2.252 2.886 3.449 3.973 4.607

9 7 2.536 2.710 3.030 2.750 — — 1.808 1.982 2.302 2.250 2.424 —

9 8 2.385 3.311 3.290 1.982 2.909 2.888 1.284 2.211 2.190 1.514 2.440 2.419

9 9 2.169 2.735 3.012 2.189 2.754 3.032 1.736 2.302 2.579 — — —

9 10 2.384 2.685 2.999 1.900 — — 1.698 1.999 2.313 2.480 2.780 3.094

9 12 1.911 1.942 2.232 1.846 1.877 2.167 1.755 1.786 2.076 2.254 2.284 2.574

9 13 2.460 3.067 2.841 — — — 1.658 2.265 2.039 1.715 2.323 2.097

9 14 2.969 2.953 3.490 2.227 2.212 2.749 1.980 1.965 2.501 — — —

9 15 1.897 1.913 1.974 — — — 1.471 1.487 1.548 — — —

9 19 2.699 2.971 2.943 5.000 — — 1.932 2.204 2.176 2.540 2.812 2.783

9 20 2.178 2.427 2.824 2.189 2.438 2.835 1.804 2.052 2.450 2.033 2.282 2.680

9 21 2.562 2.656 2.715 2.192 2.285 2.345 2.022 2.115 2.174 2.638 2.731 2.790

9 22 2.617 2.531 2.542 — — — 2.401 2.316 2.326 2.151 2.065 2.075

10 2 3.213 4.038 6.129 1.571 — — 1.064 1.889 3.980 1.408 2.232 4.323

10 3 2.797 3.417 9.800 2.818 — — 1.232 1.851 8.235 3.211 3.830 —

10 4 2.681 2.314 2.595 2.500 — — 2.962 2.595 2.875 — — —

10 5 2.214 2.723 2.553 2.083 — — 2.383 2.893 — 1.943 2.453 —

— = Stratum was not used; DUDS = Day-use developed sites; OUDS = Overnight-use developed sites; GFA = General forest area sites; 

WILD = Wilderness sites; R = Region; F = Forest; L = Low use-level; M = Medium use-level; H = High use-level. 
45

Table A.8—The nonproxy SFh

NP estimates (number of sites and areas visited) for each stratum for the 121 Round 1 

forests in the National Visitor Use Monitoring Program survey (continued)

DUDS OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

1 2 1.427 1.402 1.419 1.379 1.355 1.371 1.055 1.031 1.047 1.240 1.216 1.232

1 3 1.158 1.150 1.003 1.610 1.602 — 1.054 1.046 — 1.270 1.262 1.115

1 4 1.494 1.769 1.789 2.354 2.629 2.649 1.000 1.116 1.136 2.282 2.557 2.577

1 5 1.459 1.505 1.554 1.232 1.278 1.327 1.019 1.065 1.114 1.595 1.641 1.690

1 8 1.160 1.138 1.113 1.306 1.284 1.259 1.098 1.076 1.051 1.235 1.213 1.188

1 10 1.000 1.209 1.101 1.254 1.519 1.411 1.000 1.119 1.011 1.461 1.726 1.618

1 11 1.222 1.149 1.127 1.203 1.130 — 1.102 1.029 1.007 1.150 1.077 1.055

1 12 1.048 1.086 1.072 1.088 1.126 1.112 1.000 1.015 1.001 1.050 1.088 1.074

1 14 1.168 1.172 1.152 1.275 1.279 1.259 1.059 1.063 1.043 1.158 1.162 1.142

1 15 1.000 1.092 1.088 1.170 1.268 1.263 1.000 1.047 1.043 1.000 1.073 1.069

1 16 1.078 1.033 1.083 1.090 1.046 1.096 1.068 1.023 1.073 1.236 1.191 1.242

1 17 1.449 1.609 1.440 1.212 1.372 1.203 1.053 1.214 1.044 1.000 1.108 1.000

1 18 1.368 1.432 — 1.163 1.227 1.198 1.000 1.058 1.029 — — —

2 2 1.393 1.512 1.316 1.185 1.304 1.108 1.138 1.257 1.062 — — —

2 3 1.393 1.391 1.507 1.236 1.235 1.350 1.114 1.113 1.228 2.116 2.114 2.230

2 4 1.543 1.418 1.409 1.267 — 1.133 1.192 1.067 1.058 1.576 1.450 1.442

2 6 1.454 1.274 1.239 1.404 1.224 1.189 1.270 1.091 1.055 1.567 1.388 —

2 7 1.052 1.000 1.022 1.128 1.068 1.097 1.047 1.000 1.017 1.350 — —

2 9 1.563 1.670 1.877 1.438 1.545 1.752 1.215 1.322 1.529 1.356 1.463 1.670

2 10 1.534 1.490 — 1.376 1.332 1.328 1.114 1.070 1.067 1.390 1.347 1.343

2 11 1.184 1.341 1.371 1.265 1.422 1.452 1.000 1.140 1.170 1.365 1.522 1.552

2 12 1.305 1.362 1.333 1.000 — — 1.055 1.112 1.083 1.207 1.264 1.235

2 13 1.516 1.482 1.442 — — — 1.148 1.113 1.073 1.384 1.349 1.309

2 14 1.603 1.597 1.606 1.377 1.371 1.380 1.092 1.086 1.095 1.324 1.318 1.326

2 15 1.242 1.256 1.228 1.283 1.296 1.268 1.086 1.099 1.072 1.222 1.236 1.208

3 1 1.253 1.246 1.152 1.131 1.124 1.030 1.199 1.192 1.097 1.423 1.416 1.322

3 2 1.287 1.192 1.249 1.122 1.026 1.083 1.101 1.005 1.062 1.227 1.131 1.188

3 3 1.126 1.154 1.115 1.073 1.100 1.061 1.025 1.052 1.013 1.028 1.055 1.016

3 4 1.266 1.257 1.307 1.127 1.118 1.168 1.110 1.101 1.152 1.196 1.187 1.238

3 5 1.520 1.727 1.688 1.455 1.663 1.624 1.000 1.160 1.122 1.057 1.264 1.225

3 6 1.546 1.718 1.281 1.397 1.569 1.133 1.226 1.398 1.000 1.652 1.825 1.388

3 7 1.521 1.347 1.431 1.749 — — 1.194 1.020 1.103 1.396 1.223 1.306

3 8 1.215 1.213 1.284 1.191 1.189 1.260 1.067 1.065 1.136 1.290 1.288 1.359

3 9 1.161 1.127 1.124 1.414 1.380 1.377 1.089 1.055 1.052 1.124 1.090 1.087

3 10 1.320 1.332 1.381 1.291 1.303 1.352 1.059 1.071 1.120 1.244 1.255 1.304

3 12 1.145 1.138 1.129 1.102 1.095 1.086 1.043 1.036 1.027 1.044 1.036 1.027

4 1 1.225 1.213 1.196 1.079 1.067 1.050 1.076 1.063 1.046 1.158 1.145 1.128

4 2 1.543 1.513 1.500 1.209 1.179 1.166 1.061 1.031 1.018 1.488 1.458 1.445

4 3 1.317 1.370 1.352 1.166 1.219 1.201 1.011 1.065 1.047 1.235 1.289 1.271

4 7 1.339 1.254 1.229 1.383 1.297 1.273 1.154 1.069 1.044 1.443 1.358 1.333

4 8 1.258 1.235 1.241 1.102 1.080 1.086 1.057 1.035 1.041 — — —

4 10 1.454 1.480 1.385 1.238 1.264 1.169 1.042 1.069 1.000 1.255 1.281 1.186

continued
46

Table A.8—The nonproxy SFh

NP estimates (number of sites and areas visited) for each stratum for the 121 Round 1 

forests in the National Visitor Use Monitoring Program survey (continued)

DUDS OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

4 12 1.544 1.505 — 1.346 1.306 1.353 1.038 1.000 1.046 1.846 1.807 1.854

4 13 1.356 1.359 1.304 1.329 1.332 1.278 1.095 1.098 1.043 1.564 1.567 1.513

4 14 1.461 1.524 1.492 1.074 1.137 1.105 1.117 1.180 1.149 1.773 1.836 1.804

4 15 1.420 1.545 1.538 1.000 1.029 1.022 1.000 1.052 1.046 1.097 1.222 1.215

4 17 1.225 1.221 1.215 1.382 1.378 1.372 1.068 1.064 1.059 1.186 1.182 1.177

4 18 1.218 1.310 1.306 — — — 1.000 1.059 1.055 1.000 1.073 1.070

4 19 1.245 1.205 1.262 2.241 2.202 2.259 1.086 1.047 1.104 1.104 1.064 1.121

5 1 1.120 1.086 1.076 1.166 1.132 1.122 1.104 1.070 1.060 1.070 1.037 1.027

5 2 1.141 1.180 1.215 1.000 1.019 1.054 1.004 1.042 1.077 1.000 1.036 1.071

5 3 1.783 1.754 1.734 2.248 2.218 2.198 1.253 1.224 1.204 1.236 1.206 1.186

5 4 1.941 1.903 1.984 1.847 1.809 1.890 1.280 1.241 1.322 1.564 1.526 1.607

5 5 1.127 1.129 1.188 1.637 1.639 1.698 1.115 1.117 1.176 1.147 1.149 1.208

5 6 1.192 1.369 1.307 1.000 — — 1.179 1.355 1.293 1.327 1.503 1.441

5 7 1.145 1.158 1.198 1.337 1.350 1.389 1.017 1.030 1.069 1.429 1.443 1.482

5 8 1.326 1.275 1.282 1.932 1.881 1.887 1.270 1.219 1.226 1.859 1.808 1.815

5 9 1.275 1.276 1.302 1.350 1.351 — 1.221 1.222 1.248 1.621 1.622 1.648

5 10 1.404 1.366 1.405 1.656 1.618 1.657 1.095 1.056 1.096 1.675 1.636 1.675

5 11 1.268 1.261 1.243 1.393 — — 1.161 1.154 1.136 1.548 1.541 1.523

5 12 1.346 1.304 1.326 1.487 1.445 1.467 1.159 1.117 1.140 1.162 1.120 1.143

5 13 1.683 1.686 1.745 1.305 1.308 1.367 1.173 1.176 1.235 1.374 1.377 1.435

5 14 1.363 1.379 1.333 1.102 1.118 1.072 1.090 1.106 1.059 1.229 1.245 1.198

5 15 1.303 1.236 1.265 1.539 1.473 1.501 1.171 1.105 1.134 1.391 1.325 1.354

5 16 1.478 1.462 1.431 1.415 1.398 1.368 1.179 1.163 1.132 1.405 1.389 1.358

5 17 1.460 1.448 1.528 1.983 1.971 2.050 1.165 1.153 1.233 1.397 1.385 1.464

5 19 1.374 1.413 1.390 — — — 1.118 1.157 1.134 1.210 1.249 1.226

6 1 1.610 1.490 1.495 1.422 1.301 1.307 1.272 1.151 1.157 1.402 1.282 1.288

6 2 1.419 1.282 1.219 1.381 1.244 1.181 1.232 1.095 1.032 1.479 1.342 1.279

6 3 1.430 1.647 1.786 1.000 1.034 1.173 1.118 1.335 1.474 1.041 1.258 —

6 4 1.287 1.307 1.262 1.489 1.508 1.464 1.075 1.095 1.051 1.233 1.253 1.209

6 5 1.386 1.332 1.423 1.121 1.066 1.157 1.093 1.038 1.129 1.139 1.085 1.175

6 6 1.214 1.251 1.232 1.048 1.085 — 1.149 1.186 1.167 1.121 1.157 1.139

6 7 1.059 1.129 1.078 1.098 1.168 1.117 1.010 1.079 1.029 1.533 1.602 1.552

6 8 1.333 1.379 1.433 1.214 1.260 1.314 1.104 1.150 1.204 1.146 1.192 1.246

6 9 1.200 1.226 1.203 1.285 1.311 1.288 1.144 1.170 1.147 1.124 1.150 1.127

6 10 1.522 1.759 1.525 1.178 1.415 1.181 1.147 1.384 1.150 1.273 1.509 1.276

6 11 1.497 1.600 1.498 1.128 1.231 1.128 1.048 1.151 1.049 1.493 1.597 1.494

6 12 1.579 1.695 1.715 1.021 1.138 1.157 1.062 1.178 1.198 1.470 1.587 1.606

6 14 1.119 1.062 1.041 1.269 1.212 1.191 1.086 1.030 1.009 1.275 1.218 1.198

6 15 2.216 1.723 1.535 1.949 1.456 1.268 1.767 1.273 1.085 2.051 1.558 1.370

6 16 1.334 1.279 1.363 1.447 1.392 1.476 1.040 1.000 1.070 1.362 1.307 1.391

6 17 1.218 1.284 1.260 1.324 1.390 1.366 1.000 1.065 1.041 1.046 1.111 1.087

6 18 1.709 1.655 1.665 1.897 1.843 1.853 1.219 1.166 1.175 1.667 1.613 1.623

continued
47

Table A.8—The nonproxy SFh

NP estimates (number of sites and areas visited) for each stratum for the 121 Round 1 

forests in the National Visitor Use Monitoring Program survey (continued)

DUDS OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

6 20 1.272 1.251 1.262 1.152 1.131 — 1.053 1.032 1.044 1.111 1.090 1.102

6 21 1.351 1.411 1.342 1.466 1.526 1.457 1.024 1.084 1.015 1.619 1.679 —

6 22 1.000 1.175 1.591 — — — 1.300 1.479 1.895 — — —

8 1 1.131 1.214 1.141 1.013 1.095 — 1.000 1.082 1.009 1.176 1.259 1.186

8 2 1.319 1.303 1.387 1.311 1.295 1.379 1.045 1.030 1.113 1.259 1.243 1.327

8 3 1.312 1.228 1.284 1.293 1.209 1.265 1.139 1.055 1.111 1.288 1.205 1.260

8 4 1.169 1.118 1.157 1.164 1.112 1.151 1.106 1.055 1.094 1.302 1.251 1.290

8 5 1.339 1.000 1.038 1.681 1.333 1.380 1.226 — — 1.421 1.073 1.121

8 6 1.308 1.140 1.387 1.947 1.779 2.026 1.263 1.095 1.342 1.000 1.000 1.000

8 7 1.063 1.046 1.016 1.045 1.028 1.000 1.042 1.025 1.000 1.154 1.137 1.106

8 8 1.121 1.086 1.066 1.252 1.218 1.197 1.083 1.049 1.028 1.251 1.217 1.196

8 9 1.508 1.606 1.578 1.189 1.287 1.258 1.058 1.156 1.128 1.211 1.309 1.281

8 10 1.076 1.018 1.028 1.130 1.073 1.082 1.058 1.001 1.011 1.548 1.490 1.500

8 11 1.737 1.586 1.630 1.200 — — 1.262 1.111 1.155 1.405 1.253 1.297

8 12 1.230 1.196 1.189 1.166 1.132 1.125 1.089 1.055 1.048 1.145 1.112 1.104

8 13 1.056 1.185 1.135 1.176 1.306 1.256 1.000 1.079 1.029 1.150 1.279 1.229

8 16 2.283 2.022 1.895 — — — 2.088 1.826 — — — —

8 60 1.402 1.597 1.267 1.084 1.279 1.000 1.126 — — — — —

9 3 1.313 1.199 1.242 — — — 1.186 1.072 1.116 — — —

9 4 1.576 1.505 1.570 1.146 1.075 1.141 1.094 1.023 1.089 1.085 1.014 1.080

9 5 1.029 1.184 1.440 1.232 1.387 1.643 1.021 1.176 1.432 1.549 1.703 1.959

9 7 1.566 1.557 1.558 1.263 — — 1.108 1.098 1.100 1.180 1.170

9 8 1.620 1.539 1.518 1.382 1.301 1.280 1.240 1.159 1.138 1.727 1.646 1.625

9 9 1.841 1.906 1.742 2.101 2.166 2.001 1.749 1.814 1.649 — — —

9 10 1.324 1.246 1.246 1.875 — — 1.108 1.030 1.030 1.333 1.255 1.255

9 12 1.146 1.140 1.164 1.052 1.046 1.070 1.041 1.035 1.059 1.112 1.106 1.130

9 13 1.195 1.226 1.155 — — — 1.034 1.065 1.000 1.075 1.106 1.035

9 14 1.048 1.116 1.094 — — — 1.000 1.053 1.031 — — —

9 15 1.003 1.056 1.039 — — — 1.000 1.050 1.033 — — —

9 19 1.294 1.339 1.356 1.333 — — 1.006 1.051 1.068 1.185 1.230 1.247

9 20 1.111 1.087 1.047 1.271 1.247 1.207 1.054 1.030 1.000 1.275 1.251 1.211

9 21 1.563 1.682 1.630 1.340 1.459 1.407 1.059 1.178 1.125 1.260 1.379 1.327

9 22 1.678 1.856 2.031 — — — 1.007 1.186 1.360 1.000 1.082 1.257

10 2 1.597 1.467 1.278 1.273 — — 1.377 1.246 1.058 1.558 1.427 1.239

10 3 1.096 1.105 1.134 1.019 — — 1.153 1.161 1.190 1.276 1.284 —

10 4 1.529 1.495 1.431 3.000 — — 1.144 1.110 1.046 — — —

10 5 1.062 1.032 1.008 1.043 — — 1.136 1.106 — 1.062 1.032 —

— = Stratum was not used; DUDS = Day-use developed sites; OUDS = Overnight-use developed sites; GFA = General forest area sites; 

WILD = Wilderness sites; R = Region; F = Forest; L = Low use-level; M = Medium use-level; H = High use-level. 
48

Table A.9—The average number of exiting people for each stratum for all 121 Round 1 forests (continued)

DUDS OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

1 2 60.3 44.9 146.0 24.6 72.0 20.8 37.0 63.8 102.7 7.9 12.3 18.5

1 3 100.8 147.0 507.9 16.6 23.3 — 24.3 163.2 — 8.4 15.4 40.3

1 4 89.3 120.4 199.6 29.5 30.4 36.6 37.6 92.2 566.8 1.1 1.7 1.8

1 5 82.8 68.4 455.9 144.6 38.0 83.5 43.7 55.5 69.8 14.2 5.9 36.9

1 8 11.0 232 558.1 1.2 6.7 116.1 14.5 85.2 376.9 0.3 3.9 30.3

1 10 33.0 65.4 227.0 11.5 29.1 69.8 17.2 53.8 146.9 1.8 5.8 15.7

1 11 43.4 105.1 84.3 89.9 67.3 — 37.9 242.8 1551.2 2.6 31.3 75.5

1 12 10.8 30.5 596.1 29.7 26.2 63.5 22.9 67.6 75.9 2.9 7.6 7.6

1 14 35.7 56.3 281.9 31.7 21.6 109.4 71.1 123.9 214.7 41.1 35.6 133.1

1 15 12.6 167.9 403.6 8.6 66.1 172.7 9.2 37.7 70.0 2.4 12.9 44.0

1 16 17.8 124.4 439.2 18.7 23.1 95.3 13.1 114.6 156.4 13.4 12.3 52.6

1 17 20.4 69.8 571.2 15.0 46.1 175.3 27.1 61.0 89.3 17.6 75.6 128.1

1 18 35.6 75.2 — 51.8 48.0 63.7 25.7 41.6 75.1 — — —

2 2 68.3 213.9 531.3 28.9 25.1 34.0 72.7 94.7 219.7 — — —

2 3 87.6 144.9 414.7 17.0 36.3 65.6 76.4 83.4 321.5 22.5 37.2 138.9

2 4 137.8 291.9 421.1 54.6 — 36.8 176.5 206.2 451.9 9.6 23.9 40.8

2 6 26.9 167.7 240.6 35.4 58.6 121.9 48.6 107.1 189.8 5.2 11.6 —

2 7 34.6 33.0 24.9 19.8 20.9 186.9 17.0 11.2 41.6 0.4 — —

2 9 27.4 177.9 317.2 7.9 32.3 12.3 32.0 94.5 84.7 8.0 9.2 24.1

2 10 42.8 203.3 — 110.9 163.3 567.7 100.1 505.5 517.5 13.4 118.2 171.7

2 11 45.8 102.0 622.1 54.4 106.2 158.2 21.1 60.5 84.5 7.4 29.4 11.3

2 12 13.1 308.5 462.3 47.2 — — 24.8 75.4 242.3 2.8 23.1 34.6

2 13 42.8 181.6 167.7 — — — 94.6 147.6 635.9 12.6 31.5 40.5

2 14 25.0 80.0 436.5 30.6 67.7 134.2 17.0 65.0 172.3 3.6 33.9 16.8

2 15 111.6 266.7 555.1 24.2 54.3 92.4 30.7 92.2 245.5 9.3 35.6 96.2

3 1 162.1 1772.3 541.6 82.0 81.9 160.6 60.7 202.3 503.0 22.3 112.9 42.5

3 2 29.6 121.7 388.3 74.2 87.7 133.2 66.4 151.4 479.0 25.5 41.2 154.2

3 3 101.2 178.8 821.5 38.6 31.0 100.4 34.9 113.4 216.9 28.4 34.7 77.5

3 4 41.9 177.4 170.5 28.9 75.2 89.3 80.4 207 234.3 5.7 14.2 98.4

3 5 65.9 245.7 1283.9 41.6 159.8 269.4 59.4 65.7 742.2 45.0 97.6 328.9

3 6 39.8 112.7 144.1 23.3 44.2 193.6 115.6 94.0 51.4 21.8 14.3 13.6

3 7 44.0 117.8 632.0 40.5 — — 199.8 117.3 61.0 5.0 15.6 33.3

3 8 44.5 59.5 72.1 32.5 46.2 62.1 89.2 165.7 291.8 10.9 45.2 111.7

3 9 201.3 190.8 213.4 65.4 12.9 2.5 88.3 208.7 277.6 9.7 18.3 22.2

3 10 79.6 99.6 154.6 63.1 49.0 107.2 73.5 121.2 884.6 15.9 17.2 82.2

3 12 196.4 549.2 1046.7 216.8 201.1 416.7 75.0 229.6 533.8 49.6 128.6 323.4

4 1 44.0 269.4 300.3 51.4 147.2 144.3 35.3 229.2 712.1 4.1 7.4 36.6

4 2 139.8 377.1 423.5 22.1 80.9 149.9 35.7 151.9 291.8 7.5 15.6 15.2

4 3 127.0 326.4 495.8 58.5 120.1 177.8 125.4 301.7 338.2 32.8 49.1 51.7

4 7 155.2 94.6 130.7 10.0 78.1 42.5 33.9 96.5 187.0 3.5 12.6 24.2

4 8 14.0 57.7 350.2 64.3 77.4 193.7 29.2 108.0 186.4 — — —

4 10 30.7 74.0 247.5 38.6 27.2 42.0 59.2 267.0 309.0 0.6 2.1 2.0

continued
49

Table A.9—The average number of exiting people for each stratum for all 121 Round 1 forests (continued)

DUDS OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

4 12 17.8 21.8 — 37.7 81.4 75.0 48.3 116.6 175.4 3.4 19.2 7.3

4 13 45.0 76.2 220.8 35.2 41.7 75.2 18.5 70.5 350.5 13.3 8.8 13.3

4 14 36.2 124.7 226.9 86.4 57.3 173.9 31.7 99.2 608.3 16.7 27.2 38.9

4 15 25.2 245.1 128.7 67.4 199.8 488.6 23.9 148.9 117.7 2.0 17.7 125.3

4 17 60.7 110.4 384.8 47.5 58.9 136.9 9.3 20.6 56.4 7.3 26.8 48.9

4 18 106.7 217.4 707.8 — — — 89.5 235.8 625.4 20.2 107.2 165.5

4 19 103.4 146.5 1195.8 66.3 76.8 60.6 115.5 155.1 397.0 19.8 50.6 201.4

5 1 105.7 145.2 211.4 27.9 52.2 98.8 158.0 342.6 1542.3 21.5 9.5 104.0

5 2 170.8 119.3 182.9 17.8 91.5 226.3 92.9 131.0 314.5 56.0 24.2 31.4

5 3 32.7 91.2 101.6 56.3 65.9 191.8 169.0 582.5 1705.1 9.5 58.6 142.5

5 4 162.0 385.2 398.8 81.7 137.5 188.3 108.7 675.5 1961.6 56.6 81.0 149.6

5 5 31.3 49.4 142.6 6.9 29.0 46.8 61.5 103.3 102.7 2.3 8.5 14.0

5 6 92.3 212.9 428.6 11.7 — — 26.0 161.7 156.6 4.8 6.4 10.9

5 7 212.4 360.7 291.4 143.6 82.1 308.0 80.9 118.0 208.4 12.5 93.8 9.0

5 8 54.4 102.0 141.3 34.0 53.7 79.6 49.5 112.1 247.4 0.6 8.0 11.9

5 9 48.3 40.9 141.4 10.5 23.2 — 19.8 29.1 46.3 5.0 11.4 29.0

5 10 521.6 597.7 293.1 35.7 54.6 61.6 94.2 92.4 189.7 3.1 8.3 5.5

5 11 60.2 194.7 120.5 37.1 — — 51.5 335.4 635.6 5.7 20.1 26.8

5 12 174.6 167.1 355.0 50.1 24.2 81.0 69.2 119.0 497.4 53.5 47.0 141.2

5 13 98.0 119.8 435.3 71.2 77.9 151.2 133.0 1767.6 1584.2 4.2 9.9 24.3

5 14 165.0 177.7 355.2 104.8 75.7 28.0 95.8 397.2 617.5 26.8 68.4 221.0

5 15 174.3 433.9 532.5 64.1 81.3 212.9 347.4 492.5 1409.4 21.9 20.0 7.4

5 16 278.0 1043.5 2476.5 50.9 79.6 167.8 222.8 968.6 779.6 23.7 47.3 80.6

5 17 115.4 266.4 422.8 47.6 19.2 63.9 74.7 225.7 369.7 9.7 43.8 89.0

5 19 676.5 893.4 1446.5 — — — 103.1 352.0 397.0 95.0 138.8 207.7

6 1 97.8 206.7 331.0 89.9 25.1 225.7 68.8 183.9 712.5 22.9 40.3 22.7

6 2 18.5 33.8 70.4 39.2 59.3 41.8 57.5 77.5 111.8 6.6 9.1 6.5

6 3 31.4 102.2 247.5 9.4 37.6 177.0 33.3 156.3 197.0 10.0 10.5 —

6 4 42.8 39.8 89.8 15.0 29.5 16.8 28.6 30.6 85.4 9.6 25.5 88.5

6 5 36.9 313.0 580.7 32.1 43.1 86.5 105.5 232.5 284.6 53.7 73.5 40.7

6 6 47.6 1331.5 3353.7 13.5 35.8 — 453.9 210.0 718.1 55.1 72.5 234.9

6 7 80.5 79.4 108.8 9.1 37.1 54.5 25.1 59.2 113.1 6.4 5.2 31.8

6 8 46.5 66.0 200.0 11.8 51.2 91.9 24.3 40.6 96.2 19.3 13.5 24.4

6 9 33.0 117.6 87.2 31.9 95.7 41.7 33.2 65.3 162.1 6.2 6.5 18.6

6 10 99.0 148 348.2 46.8 46.9 39.0 107.5 30.1 173.0 11.4 9.6 13.9

6 11 30.9 27.2 185.5 81.4 244.4 79.1 50.9 176.8 235.1 3.4 6.5 8.9

6 12 92.6 270.4 237.6 43.0 78.1 106.8 51.7 56.0 319.6 46.1 9.5 26.5

6 14 53.0 67.0 169.9 22.1 17.6 70.6 26.4 37.9 149.2 18.5 5.3 3.3

6 15 47.0 162.0 754.7 15.4 67.5 102.8 17.3 144.5 472.7 1.7 14.3 63.1

6 16 88.4 129.6 133.2 6.8 10.4 32.0 49.0 86.1 161.6 17.7 101.3 68.9

6 17 96.1 129.8 346.1 27.4 73.5 66.1 53.0 140.8 336.5 8.6 29.1 40.9

6 18 85.4 176.5 315.4 102.1 9.3 173.9 68.1 154.9 418.9 13.6 10.3 45.4

continued
50

Table A.9—The average number of exiting people for each stratum for all 121 Round 1 forests (continued)

DUDS OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

6 20 7.3 322.2 517.5 12.6 40.9 — 6.7 138.5 439.6 2.1 13.3 29.6

6 21 46.1 40.1 145.1 19.2 34.8 71.6 13.1 34.2 57.8 20.5 19.0 —

6 22 74.0 175.0 1293.5 — — — 95.1 160.5 476.6 — — —

8 1 98.2 142.3 187.3 119.3 135.4 — 91.0 105.3 78.2 3.0 22.3 41.1

8 2 43.8 59.1 202.4 21.0 99.0 105.4 64.3 136.0 294.8 21.4 57.9 84.5

8 3 40.1 14.7 51.9 27.4 32.6 117.1 20.0 80.3 80.9 31.2 77.9 37.3

8 4 61.7 222.3 199.1 97.5 168.4 293.5 36.8 80.9 243.3 5.4 5.8 11.7

8 5 77.5 125.8 352.7 64.5 167.4 97.5 51.8 — — 185.8 22.4 349.6

8 6 76.7 60.6 246.3 41.7 23.6 155.3 81.5 63.9 124.8 0.3 1.4 0.5

8 7 23.9 73.1 159.1 24.1 113.7 220.2 44.1 87.3 121.4 1.0 6.5 6.5

8 8 40.1 198.0 390.4 67.7 67.0 266.6 46.2 82.4 238.3 7.4 47.0 119.4

8 9 41.6 97.1 231.3 61.1 247.5 562.4 39.3 111.8 926.9 6.1 8.2 8.3

8 10 134.9 253.9 577.3 18.3 85.9 137.1 12.1 72.0 70.1 0.7 0.9 21.3

8 11 153.9 263.2 321.5 24.8 — — 47.0 82.7 166.9 18.0 154.9 74.6

8 12 88.5 111.1 115.1 23.4 120.0 50.5 18.1 77.1 189.0 8.0 37.0 90.0

8 13 95.8 25.3 144.2 25.9 60.6 138.9 17.2 23.5 31.6 18.3 1.1 6.3

8 16 25.7 719.1 440.8 — — — 582.4 2257.9 — — — —

8 60 27.3 69.0 140.2 36.3 55.3 56.6 89.9 — — — — —

9 3 21.2 58.2 60.9 — — — 70.8 195.3 319.5 — — —

9 4 128.8 217.4 802.0 41.1 67.2 172.8 113.1 131.1 254.8 29.4 42.2 66.7

9 5 41.1 164.6 455.2 35.2 74.9 72.8 17.6 37.2 412.3 7.4 6.0 39.6

9 7 26.8 172.5 199.5 25.8 — — 54.0 181.9 264.6 19.2 6.9 —

9 8 31.1 77.7 194.4 13.9 53.7 89.1 8.4 42.0 34.4 2.8 10.2 10.6

9 9 38.1 69.9 111.2 8.5 23.0 30.5 98.8 433.9 532.6 — — —

9 10 77.6 89.5 273.5 29.2 — — 41.1 131.2 294.2 7.2 19.0 11.0

9 12 17.8 25.4 29.9 28.9 43.8 61.8 136.8 38.2 140.6 6.8 5.8 39.4

9 13 147.7 207.6 369.4 — — — 70.8 69.6 78.5 16.0 3.4 13.7

9 14 119.5 213.0 436.2 64.2 175.4 276.1 109.8 165.8 243.0 — — —

9 15 8.4 1.7 13.7 — — — 3.9 2.2 5.5 — — —

9 19 193.3 327.6 374.1 16.1 — — 81.7 164.8 210.9 42.1 51.3 150.0

9 20 34.0 62.4 161.5 51.7 93.5 159.9 56.2 131.6 163.3 2.2 7.2 11.3

9 21 162.1 288.5 414.7 85.8 108.8 157.4 38.2 100.9 191.4 6.5 11.0 13.0

9 22 74.6 123.9 299.4 — — — 6.5 44.3 138.8 18.0 22.6 103.9

10 2 114.8 108.4 99.7 3.2 — — 50.3 79.8 184.9 54.4 201.2 302.4

10 3 128.7 314.7 2354.5 74.9 — — 35.1 155.4 290.2 174.5 860.1 —

10 4 69.9 448.3 1239.1 4.0 — — 51.6 88.2 38.6 — — —

10 5 28.9 187.9 483.6 19.0 — — 55.4 107.3 — 118.1 0.7 —

— = Stratum was not used; DUDS = Day-use developed sites; OUDS = Overnight-use developed sites; GFA = General forest area sites; 

WILD = Wilderness sites; R = Region; F = Forest; L = Low use-level; M = Medium use-level; H = High use-level.
51

Table A.10—The Round 1 nonproxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum and forest (continued)

DUDS OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

1 2 127.3 27.1 83.6 38.4 23.5 0.8 622.5 215.8 74.9 10.2 2.7 1.0

1 3 78.6 47.9 19.1 19.9 6.5 — 244.5 119.2 — 33.4 34.5 39.3

1 4 27.6 4.1 15.2 8.0 1.2 0.1 329.4 240.4 99.5 0.3 0.0 0.0

1 5 73.2 13.9 59.7 85.5 8.3 1.9 503.7 192.9 114.2 6.2 0.2 1.2

1 8 4.3 61.3 59.2 0.9 2.8 21.9 105.3 169.8 270.0 0.3 2.7 10.3

1 10 16.3 32.8 25.6 13.5 15.7 11.5 82.0 250.7 172.8 3.7 8.1 5.8

1 11 28.6 19.8 8.3 19.8 2.3 — 497.3 696.2 124.7 4.7 20.4 15.8

1 12 6.2 6.3 47.7 4.9 0.2 1.1 252.5 70.8 32.0 1.8 0.8 0.1

1 14 24.1 30.5 72.4 12.3 2.3 1.8 470.7 499.7 169.1 10.1 4.0 1.9

1 15 0.6 12.2 12.3 8.5 20.9 6.9 49.9 162.0 124.0 2.7 9.7 14.0

1 16 47.0 147.4 21.1 21.3 3.3 0.5 417.4 502.8 48.0 12.0 1.6 4.7

1 17 30.0 36.5 89.8 32.5 21.0 13.8 93.8 52.2 91.2 5.9 19.9 28.1

1 18 0.9 1.1 — 6.4 1.0 0.7 114 304.5 212.0 — — —

2 2 130.0 21.6 106.3 8.4 0.4 0.4 400.5 34.2 55.1 — — —

2 3 116.8 23.7 24.4 3.4 1.6 1.8 613.3 268.9 284.1 6.6 6.2 11.8

2 4 85.4 39.2 30.5 5.3 — 0.1 1,564.1 490.3 237.9 16.2 11.6 4.1

2 6 8.9 38.8 12.7 16.2 12.4 2.2 255.6 312.8 235.8 3.8 3.6

2 7 20.3 4.6 0.4 18.3 3.2 0.5 51.6 10.6 5.9 0.1 — —

2 9 59.5 68.7 23.2 7.5 10.6 1.6 506.9 209.9 89.2 27.1 8.7 10.1

2 10 195.2 80.9 — 96.6 10.2 20.1 3,001.7 1,614.5 40.9 130.5 24.7 16.1

2 11 46.4 9.3 52.6 95.5 14.8 6.2 173.5 197.4 108.8 12.1 12.5 2.0

2 12 43.0 146.3 55.5 41.4 — — 964.8 976.3 674.3 20.2 28.7 16.4

2 13 69.2 107.1 44.6 — — — 706.5 547.4 473.1 37.2 57.7 24.3

2 14 8.1 8.1 15.6 9.5 1.8 2.7 190.3 116.4 143.0 8.0 5.4 0.7

2 15 160.2 104.7 94.5 26.0 6.4 2.5 712.6 436.3 194.3 82.6 60.7 93.4

3 1 416.8 337.5 97.4 82.5 2.8 2.1 318.6 291.4 200.5 15.0 10.2 1.8

3 2 5.1 20.5 11.1 13.3 2.3 1.0 198.6 207.8 100.4 13.5 8.5 5.9

3 3 399.9 274.8 248.6 23.5 4.3 1.9 529.3 233.5 79.1 392.7 119.6 46.8

3 4 177.8 156.8 55.9 37.1 20.7 1.8 497.5 543.1 336.5 50.9 58.5 112.7

3 5 159.3 65.9 299.8 90.2 26.3 2.5 543.6 101.1 344.8 117.5 96.8 229.9

3 6 15.6 72.2 37.2 52.7 11.2 14.7 498.3 383.1 21.4 57.7 17.7 9.4

3 7 75.7 26.9 36.6 7.6 — — 232.3 36.9 4.4 4.2 0.9 2.9

3 8 26.9 17.6 8.4 0.4 0.0 0.1 368.3 157.4 60.3 6.9 8.3 2.5

3 9 36.5 29.4 22.7 1.8 0.2 0.0 175.0 285.3 151.6 5.8 5.2 3.3

3 10 46.9 17.7 7.5 13.0 1.4 1.2 542.3 171.2 167.6 6.6 1.4 0.4

3 12 296.3 251.9 290.4 623.6 177.7 67.6 325.6 290.4 159.6 47.6 33.5 24.3

4 1 97.0 87.1 70.2 121.3 7.4 4.0 138.0 287.0 297.8 3.1 1.7 4.1

4 2 108.6 14.1 8.8 42.7 8.4 4.5 193.3 171.7 46.3 3.1 0.3 0.1

4 3 14.5 27.2 11.5 28.7 35.5 16.5 788.2 741.6 317.7 26.2 15.6 4.9

4 7 2.8 6.1 1.3 0.4 0.7 0.3 138.9 236.9 79.6 0.6 3.5 1.1

4 8 5.1 5.4 47.0 18.0 2.4 2.7 143.0 128.1 113.3 — — —

4 10 5.7 1.2 3.5 12.7 0.5 0.4 304.4 264.6 119.6 0.2 0.1 0.2

4 12 1.9 0.6 — 6.2 2.5 0.1 169.6 134.3 106.8 0.8 2.3 0.1

continued
52

Table A.10—The Round 1 nonproxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum and forest (continued)

DUDS OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

4 13 9.2 13.8 5.9 25.5 8.0 3.3 85.6 78.1 108.7 9.6 2.9 0.2

4 14 28.5 21.0 25.3 97.3 4.6 1.6 161.7 65.5 150.1 12.2 1.1 8.6

4 15 26.3 109.7 56.0 208.9 42.5 8.9 1,885.3 254.6 45.0 3.8 10.2 6.4

4 17 59.9 44.8 56.9 67.7 10.1 4.0 1,448.9 753.4 259.7 189.0 70.6 90.6

4 18 318.1 194.8 116.3 — — — 438.7 541.0 1,106.2 22.9 35.6 15.3

4 19 91.5 156.5 37.3 4.0 1.4 0.7 1,728.9 666.1 64.7 35.9 83.4 7.6

5 1 491.6 199.2 100.9 109.0 19.1 11.0 542.3 327.9 414.7 69.6 4.4 44.5

5 2 38.0 17.4 6.2 14.5 15.2 7.7 258.8 163.5 71.3 28.9 1.0 1.1

5 3 14.4 17.2 2.4 7.2 0.8 2.3 679.7 344.5 201.6 10.1 42 13.4

5 4 149.3 182.8 127.5 9.0 9.5 0.4 324.3 416.0 1015 32.6 35.8 11.2

5 5 18.5 29.6 6.1 4.5 1.9 1.2 187.3 160.8 38.8 3.8 12.0 1.7

5 6 199.4 105.2 8.8 1.8 — — 144.3 141.2 38.8 7.5 2.5 0.6

5 7 306.0 203.6 26.6 97.2 2.2 1.1 368.9 216.1 126.9 35.8 46.7 2.9

5 8 16.3 22.5 8.0 7.0 2.5 3.1 41.6 50.8 77.9 0.1 0.5 0.4

5 9 17.4 4.5 6.7 3.3 1.0 40.6 22.0 8.3 2.1 0.7 0.4

5 10 14.8 36.0 6.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 195.1 93.5 51.8 0.4 0.1 0.1

5 11 58.7 105.0 10.4 19.2 — — 246.5 317.3 151.8 2.5 2.1 0.8

5 12 105.3 46.0 43.0 7.4 0.6 0.4 352.0 139.5 115.7 31.0 19.2 15.3

5 13 29.9 21.1 42.7 17.3 1.9 0.8 395.0 606.1 144.6 4.0 3.0 1.8

5 14 105.1 95.8 97.4 94.7 4.3 0.2 684.8 1,190.5 295.3 19.9 11.4 5.2

5 15 96.8 102.6 50.9 10.8 5.9 5.4 351.8 228.2 301.3 7.3 6.8 0.6

5 16 68.5 140.4 113.4 3.9 3.5 0.7 318.0 512.0 183.5 7.5 4.9 0.9

5 17 86.9 30.8 35.4 23.3 3.1 1.3 798.4 865.6 255.2 2.5 3.7 5.2

5 19 470.4 291.4 454.4 — — — 821.9 280.2 63.9 58.1 12.8 22.0

6 1 127.3 124.0 37.9 30.6 5.1 37.1 437.3 488.7 589.0 37.9 17.1 1.3

6 2 2.7 4.1 3.0 8.9 19.1 5.5 132.4 42.8 57.8 0.4 0.9 0.1

6 3 131.9 72.2 163.1 46.1 5.4 4.7 386.4 65.0 22.1 1.9 0.1 —

6 4 16.9 2.5 2.2 4.9 1.1 0.1 91.7 39.4 17.4 4.1 1.8 1.1

6 5 79.5 31.1 69.5 4.9 0.4 2.5 1,162.0 100.9 50.3 256.8 34.7 7.6

6 6 30.7 172.3 352.1 12.8 1.6 — 2,394.7 273.9 105.6 134.6 21.0 10.0

6 7 20.7 8.6 4.9 7.4 4.0 0.7 133.1 78.0 24.2 2.7 1.0 1.2

6 8 8.6 7.1 22.1 23.3 12.7 10.3 204.5 40.6 18.1 25.6 5.2 3.5

6 9 14.0 22.1 14.1 5.1 1.8 0.5 180.1 78.6 48.5 26.7 4.7 8.8

6 10 28.3 10.9 16.5 18.3 2.7 1.4 247.1 5.7 26.2 1.9 0.4 0.2

6 11 31.3 6.7 3.1 73.0 22.4 1.5 212.2 164.4 95.0 2.3 0.9 0.2

6 12 61.4 91.6 44.0 4.3 3.6 0.9 379.0 65.4 174.9 10.9 1.7 1.8

6 14 22.5 4.9 2.4 8.2 2.8 0.4 246.1 80.4 96.9 27.0 0.9 0.1

6 15 66.1 32.8 50.8 12.9 4.4 1.8 189.0 151.4 108.7 4.1 3.7 6.5

6 16 27.9 9.8 6.3 1.9 0.5 0.8 117.1 140.0 91.1 20.1 13.6 5.3

6 17 154.0 27.6 35.4 83.9 2.3 0.2 836.7 330.9 80.8 61.9 23.0 5.5

6 18 52.6 93.1 52.8 14.1 0.3 2.7 494.4 323.3 275.3 7.6 1.5 2.7

6 20 0.8 6.8 6.5 4.7 0.3 — 54.8 45.1 11.6 2.8 2.2 1.8

continued
53

Table A.10—The Round 1 nonproxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum and forest (continued)

DUDS OUDS GFA WILD

R F L M H L M H L M H L M H

6 21 21.2 5.2 7.5 4.7 3.9 5.3 175.9 103.3 10.9 3.8 0.3 —

6 22 89.9 87.7 206.9 — — — 470.6 217.5 602.1 — — —

8 1 165.2 11.7 2.0 37.3 3.9 — 905.4 22.4 0.6 7.7 7.3 1.8

8 2 63.9 42.9 6.6 16.8 6.5 2.3 1,658.2 877.8 104.7 14.5 3.9 0.4

8 3 13.8 13.9 8.6 0.3 2.7 2.6 160.5 1,092.1 392.6 41.1 91.3 1.0

8 4 138.8 77.5 75.8 122.9 73.9 18.3 1,106.9 268.5 573.8 15.9 3.8 4.8

8 5 109.2 55.3 37.0 88.2 25.4 0.2 992.5 — — 273.2 2.5 18.5

8 6 36.7 14.7 12.9 15.8 1.5 4.2 421.0 66.3 44.4 0.2 0.2 0.1

8 7 15.3 8.8 7.9 3.5 4.7 8.8 1,612.7 783.6 638.0 0.7 1.1 0.3

8 8 393.9 510.1 60.5 249.8 49.4 6.3 1006 951.9 41.4 21.1 19.1 21.9

8 9 125.2 35.5 12.8 133.2 18.6 8.0 808.6 108.9 102.4 32.7 2.1 0.9

8 10 252.5 121.4 65.3 28.5 5.2 2.0 98.9 1,133.9 233.3 1.0 0.5 3.5

8 11 914.2 422.5 145.8 8.7 — — 1,371.9 1,383.4 1,874.1 76.8 57.9 23.5

8 12 245.0 75.0 8.7 14.0 10.3 0.2 680.9 254.5 31.1 3.9 6.5 4.8

8 13 36.0 12.6 31.1 26.6 11.2 9.8 184.0 131.3 57.3 27.4 0.9 1.0

8 16 4.0 42.8 3.7 — — — 332.4 80.9 — — — —

8 60 12.8 55.3 14.1 58.5 29.7 8.1 36.5 — — — — —

9 3 35.3 42.2 22.3 — — — 548.5 1,009.5 431.3 — — —

9 4 106.8 5.8 79.3 24.0 4.9 0.9 940.8 150.7 83.0 6.6 0.4 2.5

9 5 72.5 126.1 17.3 18.1 5.0 0.7 326.5 27.8 4.4 9.6 3.4 0.7

9 7 5.5 28.9 18.1 0.3 — — 192.3 228.8 154.3 6.3 0.3

9 8 44.6 47.1 171.8 8.5 11.8 28.7 30.9 112.1 83.6 1.0 8.5 9.4

9 9 94.5 69.2 47.1 0.7 0.7 0.2 694.6 1,175.3 645.6 — — —

9 10 112.8 32.0 58.2 1.8 — — 131.5 191.0 108.0 20.1 2.8 0.7

9 12 11.1 12.9 3.6 17.5 3.8 4.6 309.9 55.0 66.3 3.8 0.8 7.8

9 13 77.3 22.8 16.3 — — — 1,446.8 643.0 156.1 16.8 1.0 0.2

9 14 16.1 27.0 0.2 3.8 1.9 5.0 124.8 141.9 246.7 — — —

9 15 0.5 0.1 0.6 — — — 0.8 0.2 0.1 — — —

9 19 54.9 13.6 25.8 0.6 — — 1,149.2 224.5 152.8 5.1 1.6 2.5

9 20 63.9 31.6 15.4 161.4 4.0 2.4 1,023.5 1,205.8 329.6 9.0 22.3 15.3

9 21 45.8 41.8 31.2 7.9 1.8 4.6 113.8 191.8 185.4 11.5 6.5 4.0

9 22 43.0 30.1 72.9 — — — 83.2 217 278.7 54.6 23.7 9.7

10 2 28.0 6.6 11.0 0.9 — — 77.3 102.8 39.2 3.3 11.4 10.9

10 3 115.8 261.8 571.1 7.9 — — 636.9 72.8 55.4 235.3 18.5 —

10 4 56.3 35.5 83.9 0.1 — — 247.9 77.3 25.8 — — —

10 5 20.0 42.5 18.2 10.0 — — 92.1 39.5 — 30.7 0.1 —

— = Stratum was not used; DUDS = Day-use developed sites; OUDS = Overnight-use developed sites; GFA = General forest area sites; 

WILD = Wilderness sites; R = Region; F = Forest; L = Low use-level; M = Medium use-level; H = High use-level.
54

Table A.11—The range of values used for Rh and Gh for each of the 25 proxies

Proxy Values for the variables (Ratio, Grpsize)

DUR4 (., .) (1, .) (1, 0-70) (2, .) (2, 1-99) (3, .) (3, 1-75) (4, 1-30) (5, 1-12) (6, 1-10) (7, 1-13) (8, 2-8) 

(9, 2-3) (10, 1-7) (11, 1-6) (12, 2) (13, 2-10) (14, 2-4) (15, 1-4) (16, 2) (20, 1-2)

DUR5 (., .) (1, .) (1, 11-150) (2, .) (2, 11-100) (3,11-50) (4, 11-52)

(5, 11-37) (6, 12-15) (7, 24) (8, 45) (9, 15)

FE1 (1, 1)

FE3 (1, .) (1, 1-13)

FE4 (., .) (1, 0-54) (2, 1-18) (3, 1-20) (4, 1-9) (5, 1-4) (6, 16) (8, 2) (9, 2)

FR1 (., .) (0.01010-0.11111, 1) (0.11111, 9) (0.12500-1.00000, 1-6)

FR2 (., .) (1.00000, 1-5) (2, 2-10) (3, 3) (4, 4-5) ((5, 4) (6, 5-6) (7, 7) (8, 8) (10, 8-10)

FR3 (1, .) (1, 1-9)

FR5 (. ,) (1, .) (1, 10-99) (2, 12-22) (10, 12)

MA1 (1, 1)

MA2 (., .) (1, 1-14) (2, 1-8) 3, 1-3) (5, 5)

PTC1 (1,1)

PTC3 (1, .) (1, 1-40)

RE1 (1, 1)

RE2 (1, 2-30) (2, 1-20) (3, 2-4) (4, 2-14) (5, 3) (7, 10)

RE4 (., .) (1, 1-16)

RF1 (1, 1)

RF2 (1, 1-4) (2, 2-5) (3, 4) (5, 4) (6, 1) (7, 1-4)

RF4 (., .) (1, 1-6) (2, 1-5) (3, 2-4) (4, 1-8) (7, 4) (13,13)

SUP1 (1, .) (1, 2-3)

SUP2 (., .) (1, 2-33) (3, 20) (6, 3)

SUP4 (., .) (., 0) (1, 1-34) (2, 3-5) (3, 5-13) (4, 9) (5, 11) (6, 9) (11, 4)

SV1 (0, 1) (1, 1)

TB1 (1, 1)

TB3 (1, .) (1, 1-24)

(.) = Value is missing.
55

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

1 2 DUDS SV1 46.6 1.04 1.06 45.7

1 2 OUDS DUR4 8.7 2.47 1.61 13.4

1 2 OUDS FE4 0.4 2.90 2.67 0.5

1 2 OUDS SUP4 12.7 3.50 2.51 17.6

1 3 DUDS FR1 41.2 1.17 1.01 47.8

1 3 OUDS DUR4 6.2 2.05 1.17 10.9

1 3 OUDS DUR5 0.1 16.21 2.04 0.7

1 3 OUDS RE4 1.4 4.10 1.27 4.6

1 4 DUDS FE3 0.6 4.35 2.28 1.1

1 4 DUDS FR1 20.0 1.00 1.37 14.6

1 4 DUDS SV1 22.4 1.10 1.01 24.3

1 4 OUDS DUR4 8.9 1.18 2.14 4.9

1 4 OUDS DUR5 1.2 5.08 3.11 1.9

1 4 OUDS FE4 3.4 1.12 1.66 2.3

1 4 OUDS SUP4 2.0 2.60 3.17 1.6

1 5 OUDS FE4 7.3 1.68 1.51 8.1

1 5 OUDS SUP4 2.1 2.40 1.96 2.6

1 8 DUDS DUR4 0.0 1.95 1.27 0.0

1 8 DUDS SV1 100.6 1.03 1.00 104.1

1 8 OUDS DUR4 12.2 2.74 2.81 11.9

1 10 DUDS FR1 294.1 1.11 1.01 321.2

1 10 DUDS FR3 6.1 3.07 1.08 17.3

1 10 OUDS FE4 40.8 5.72 2.10 111.3

1 10 OUDS SUP4 0.8 2.87 1.00 2.3

1 11 DUDS PTC1 33.1 1.00 0.704 1.08 21.5

1 11 DUDS SV1 146.7 1.05 1.03 149.6

1 11 GFA PTC1 6.7 1.00 0.471 1.72 1.8

1 11 OUDS DUR4 25.4 1.38 1.25 27.8

1 11 OUDS RE1 15.4 1.00 2.60 5.9

1 11 OUDS SUP4 2.1 2.61 1.85 2.9

1 12 OUDS FE4 2.4 3.12 1.17 6.4

1 12 OUDS RE2 0.6 1.46 1.66 0.5

1 14 DUDS DUR5 0.0 36.20 1.00 1.1

1 14 DUDS FR1 5.6 1.44 1.00 8.1

1 14 OUDS FE4 10.9 3.31 1.70 21.3

1 14 OUDS SUP4 0.3 3.38 1.70 0.7

continued
56

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

1 15 DUDS SV1 59.5 1.04 1.22 50.6

1 15 OUDS FE4 3.5 2.42 1.26 6.8

1 15 OUDS RE1 0.6 1.00 1.84 0.3

1 16 DUDS FR1 83.8 2.03 1.01 169.6

1 16 OUDS FE4 12.1 2.45 2.55 11.7

1 16 OUDS FR5 0.1 20.46 1.00 1.1

1 16 OUDS RE2 0.0 1.84 1.00 0.0

1 16 OUDS RE4 0.1 3.35 1.06 0.2

1 16 OUDS SUP2 0.2 5.15 1.26 0.7

1 16 OUDS SUP4 3.0 3.59 1.45 7.3

1 18 OUDS DUR4 0.7 0.98 1.98 0.3

2 2 DUDS SV1 3.0 1.24 1.10 3.3

2 2 OUDS DUR4 46.3 1.14 1.62 32.7

2 2 OUDS FE4 1.4 1.70 2.40 1.0

2 2 WILD MA2 3.6 2.81 1.78 5.7

2 3 DUDS PTC1 71.3 1.00 0.734 1.80 29.1

2 3 OUDS DUR4 24.3 1.37 1.30 25.6

2 3 OUDS DUR5 0.1 13.09 1.99 0.8

2 3 OUDS RE2 0.2 2.57 2.12 0.3

2 3 OUDS SUP4 0.0 5.57 1.75 0.0

2 4 DUDS SV1 748.7 1.02 1.05 726.1

2 4 OUDS DUR4 29.3 1.43 3.66 11.4

2 4 OUDS DUR5 0.3 12.46 3.60 0.9

2 4 OUDS RE1 0.6 1.00 4.11 0.1

2 4 OUDS RE4 5.9 2.08 3.82 3.2

2 6 DUDS DUR5 0.0 29.30 1.27 0.4

2 6 DUDS FR1 0.3 2.82 1.00 0.9

2 6 DUDS SV1 42.7 1.00 1.03 41.3

2 6 OUDS DUR4 10.4 1.74 1.52 12.0

2 6 OUDS RE4 2.7 3.54 1.12 8.4

2 7 DUDS FR1 6.0 1.08 1.40 4.6

2 7 DUDS PTC1 20.1 1.00 0.462 1.24 7.5

2 7 OUDS DUR4 0.1 1.66 1.05 0.1

2 7 OUDS DUR5 0.0 11.69 1.26 0.0

2 7 OUDS FE3 0.0 3.37 1.20 0.0

2 9 DUDS RF1 11.3 7.83 1.00 88.3

continued
57

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

2 9 DUDS SV1 127.7 1.04 1.02 130.1

2 9 GFA SUP1 1.2 8.74 1.00 10.6

2 9 OUDS DUR4 20.4 3.22 3.15 20.8

2 9 OUDS RF4 0.2 2.87 2.93 0.2

2 10 DUDS SV1 1738.3 1.02 1.44 1233.3

2 10 DUDS TB3 85.4 2.15 1.11 164.8

2 11 DUDS SV1 1045.4 1.00 1.54 677.0

2 11 OUDS DUR4 0.0 48.64 1.00 0.0

2 12 DUDS FE3 12.7 2.10 1.07 24.9

2 12 DUDS FR3 57.5 1.93 1.15 96.3

2 12 DUDS SV1 213.5 1.10 1.05 224.3

2 12 GFA PTC3 6.9 2.67 0.963 1.03 17.3

2 12 GFA TB1 503.1 1.00 1.06 476.6

2 12 OUDS DUR4 81.6 1.76 1.35 105.8

2 12 OUDS FE4 1.0 2.59 2.01 1.3

2 12 OUDS FR5 0.3 29.88 1.15 7.4

2 12 OUDS RE1 15.6 1.00 2.59 6.0

2 12 OUDS RE4 0.1 2.50 2.31 0.1

2 13 DUDS FR1 0.0 0.50 1.00 0.0

2 13 DUDS SV1 323.9 1.04 1.06 317.8

2 13 OUDS DUR4 55.0 1.83 2.46 40.8

2 14 DUDS FR1 0.8 1.15 2.22 0.4

2 14 DUDS SV1 4.5 1.00 1.33 3.4

2 14 GFA PTC1 0.4 1.00 1.000 1.00 0.4

2 14 OUDS FE3 2.7 2.32 1.64 3.9

2 14 OUDS FE4 7.3 2.38 1.46 12.0

2 14 OUDS RE1 2.8 1.00 2.97 0.9

2 14 OUDS RE2 0.5 1.28 2.61 0.2

2 14 OUDS RE4 14.7 2.04 2.69 11.2

2 15 DUDS DUR4 9.1 3.59 2.16 15.1

2 15 DUDS DUR5 0.6 18.51 1.00 10.2

2 15 DUDS SV1 7048.0 1.01 1.07 6681.4

2 15 GFA FR1 168.0 1.21 1.00 203.1

2 15 GFA PTC1 501.2 1.00 0.913 1.16 395.2

2 15 OUDS DUR4 112.5 1.19 2.07 64.8

2 15 OUDS DUR5 1.0 10.53 2.69 4.0

continued
58

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

2 15 OUDS FE4 4.6 2.65 2.61 4.6

2 15 OUDS RE1 24.4 1.00 3.19 7.6

3 1 DUDS RE1 4.3 1.00 1.15 3.7

3 1 GFA FR1 2.7 1.00 1.05 2.6

3 1 OUDS DUR4 289.0 1.00 1.16 248.5

3 1 OUDS DUR5 3.1 0.50 1.00 1.6

3 1 OUDS PTC1 4.3 1.00 1.000 1.19 3.6

3 1 OUDS RE4 0.8 3.05 1.98 1.2

3 2 DUDS SV1 415.1 1.00 1.07 388.8

3 2 OUDS DUR4 13.1 1.89 2.11 11.7

3 2 OUDS DUR5 0.1 12.3 1.00 0.7

3 3 DUDS FR1 272.3 1.00 1.06 257

3 3 DUDS RF2 0.0 1.00 1.00 0.0

3 3 DUDS RF4 0.0 1.00 1.00 0.0

3 3 OUDS FE4 0.9 3.18 1.13 2.5

3 3 OUDS RF4 0.0 1.44 1.21 0.0

3 4 DUDS FR1 25.1 1.47 1.42 25.9

3 4 DUDS FR3 100.9 2.75 1.51 183.4

3 4 DUDS SV1 140.3 1.06 1.18 125.8

3 4 OUDS DUR4 45.1 2.27 1.19 86.4

3 4 OUDS FE4 0.0 3.83 1.74 0.0

3 4 OUDS FR2 0.0 0.54 2.83 0.0

3 4 OUDS RF4 0.2 1.75 1.66 0.2

3 4 OUDS SUP4 0.0 4.28 1.59 0.0

3 5 DUDS SV1 72.5 1.00 1.49 48.7

3 5 OUDS DUR4 17.6 1.42 1.81 13.8

3 5 OUDS FR5 0.1 37.97 2.35 1.6

3 5 OUDS RE4 2.6 10.58 2.77 9.9

3 6 DUDS FR5 7.0 47.87 1.40 239.3

3 6 DUDS PTC1 42.3 1.00 1.000 2.10 20.1

3 6 OUDS FE3 4.5 2.52 1.99 5.7

3 6 OUDS FE4 19.2 2.39 1.15 39.8

3 7 DUDS FR1 30.0 1.00 1.02 29.5

3 7 OUDS DUR4 19.7 1.37 1.13 23.9

3 7 OUDS FE4 4.9 2.10 1.06 9.6

3 7 OUDS RF4 28.6 1.39 1.06 37.7

continued
59

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

3 8 DUDS SV1 155.1 1.21 1.18 158.6

3 8 OUDS DUR4 13.2 1.16 1.12 13.6

3 8 OUDS DUR5 0.2 10.42 1.48 1.5

3 8 OUDS FE3 1.6 2.93 1.41 3.2

3 8 OUDS FR5 0.1 29.54 1.28 1.8

3 9 OUDS DUR4 11.7 4.00 1.31 35.8

3 9 OUDS DUR5 0.1 7.59 1.89 0.4

3 9 OUDS FE4 1.6 2.83 1.43 3.2

3 10 DUDS DUR4 3.3 2.56 1.33 6.3

3 10 DUDS DUR5 0.0 33.38 1.22 0.5

3 10 DUDS SV1 189.6 1.09 1.03 202.2

3 10 OUDS DUR4 18.1 2.59 1.29 36.3

3 10 OUDS DUR5 1.8 12.35 1.78 12.2

3 10 WILD PTC1 36.4 1.00 0.995 1.11 32.7

3 12 DUDS DUR5 0.0 17.52 1.00 0.1

3 12 DUDS PTC1 82.7 1.00 0.700 1.55 37.4

3 12 GFA PTC3 2580.5 2.13 0.594 1.04 3150.1

3 12 OUDS DUR4 28.1 2.04 1.38 41.7

3 12 OUDS DUR5 0.3 11.34 2.16 1.5

3 12 OUDS FE3 2.4 2.14 1.20 4.2

3 12 OUDS RE4 8.1 2.65 2.38 8.9

4 1 DUDS FR3 42.4 3.03 1.13 113.6

4 1 DUDS TB1 2.6 1.00 1.76 1.5

4 1 OUDS DUR4 89.2 1.38 1.20 102.2

4 1 OUDS DUR5 0.7 11.36 1.00 8.4

4 1 OUDS RE4 6.5 3.10 1.49 13.5

4 2 DUDS PTC3 30.3 2.77 0.426 1.14 31.4

4 2 DUDS SV1 301.6 1.21 1.02 357.2

4 2 GFA PTC3 79.7 2.86 0.690 1.12 140.1

4 2 OUDS DUR4 40.4 1.94 1.31 59.7

4 2 OUDS FE1 0.0 0.29 3.51 0.0

4 2 OUDS FE4 30.3 3.40 1.29 79.8

4 2 OUDS PTC3 1.5 0.58 0.859 1.07 0.7

4 2 OUDS SUP4 1.3 4.57 1.52 4.0

4 3 DUDS FR1 106.4 1.05 1.69 65.9

4 3 DUDS SV1 447.3 1.05 1.09 430.1

continued
60

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

4 3 OUDS DUR4 8.1 2.42 1.73 11.3

4 3 OUDS DUR5 0.0 7.25 1.05 0.1

4 3 OUDS RE4 24.6 2.59 2.72 23.5

4 7 DUDS DUR5 0.5 25.36 1.08 12.8

4 7 DUDS FR1 12.3 1.00 1.28 9.6

4 7 DUDS FR3 2.0 3.40 1.40 4.9

4 7 DUDS SV1 180.0 1.00 1.07 168.4

4 7 OUDS DUR4 37.4 1.42 2.35 22.6

4 7 OUDS DUR5 0.2 8.26 1.36 1.4

4 7 OUDS RE4 0.5 8.62 2.49 1.8

4 8 OUDS DUR4 15.3 0.94 2.56 5.6

4 8 OUDS DUR5 1.2 9.35 2.50 4.5

4 8 OUDS FE4 0.1 2.52 1.00 0.3

4 8 OUDS FR1 2.1 1.05 1.61 1.4

4 8 OUDS RE4 0.9 1.73 2.72 0.6

4 10 OUDS DUR4 18.2 3.90 1.15 61.9

4 10 OUDS DUR5 8.3 11.12 1.05 87.8

4 12 DUDS DUR4 0.3 3.98 1.00 1.3

4 12 DUDS FR1 5.6 1.24 1.02 6.8

4 12 DUDS SV1 112.9 1.03 1.04 111.5

4 12 GFA PTC3 69.6 2.22 0.660 1.06 96.4

4 12 OUDS DUR4 0.1 2.03 1.00 0.2

4 12 OUDS DUR5 0.2 12.64 1.00 2.9

4 12 OUDS FE4 2.0 3.93 1.36 5.9

4 12 OUDS RE4 0.4 4.47 1.21 1.4

4 12 WILD MA2 0.6 4.43 1.59 1.6

4 13 OUDS DUR5 0.0 4.63 1.04 0.1

4 13 OUDS FE4 2.4 0.99 3.44 0.7

4 13 OUDS RE4 0.3 1.00 3.74 0.1

4 13 OUDS SUP4 0.1 1.82 3.28 0.0

4 13 WILD MA2 2.3 6.63 7.79 1.9

4 14 DUDS FR1 3.4 1.05 1.00 3.5

4 14 DUDS SUP2 0.0 2.75 2.55 0.0

4 14 DUDS SV1 353.9 1.04 1.05 352.8

4 14 OUDS DUR4 20.2 1.15 1.44 16.2

4 14 OUDS RF4 0.0 1.05 1.61 0.0

continued
61

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

4 15 DUDS FR1 26.0 1.16 1.03 29.5

4 15 DUDS SV1 101.1 1.11 1.00 112.3

4 15 OUDS DUR4 58.0 1.38 1.80 44.4

4 15 OUDS RF2 0.1 0.77 1.00 0.0

4 15 OUDS SUP1 1.6 2.46 1.65 2.4

4 17 DUDS DUR4 5.3 4.52 1.90 12.6

4 17 DUDS SV1 290.3 1.06 1.01 306.7

4 17 OUDS DUR4 39.0 1.30 2.50 20.3

4 17 OUDS RF4 11.8 1.20 2.27 6.2

4 18 OUDS DUR4 48.1 2.57 1.21 102.1

4 18 OUDS DUR5 5.9 13.35 1.13 69.0

4 18 OUDS RE4 5.7 4.36 1.93 12.8

4 19 DUDS DUR4 9.5 3.01 2.13 13.4

4 19 DUDS DUR5 0.5 14.33 1.40 5.1

4 19 DUDS FE3 4.7 2.29 1.88 5.8

4 19 DUDS FR1 49.0 1.06 1.15 45.3

4 19 DUDS FR3 26.1 3.91 1.36 74.8

4 19 DUDS SV1 1350.6 1.08 1.09 1345.9

4 19 GFA FE3 8.3 2.26 1.08 17.5

4 19 GFA FR3 14.5 3.40 1.28 38.5

4 19 OUDS DUR4 89.1 1.88 1.44 116.1

4 19 OUDS DUR5 0.9 13.87 2.00 6.3

4 19 OUDS FE4 0.7 6.34 1.92 2.1

4 19 OUDS RE4 2.0 5.89 2.22 5.2

4 19 OUDS SUP4 0.0 3.05 1.00 0.0

5 1 DUDS FE4 0.2 2.93 1.00 0.7

5 1 DUDS FR1 425.6 1.15 1.05 465

5 1 DUDS FR3 72.1 3.50 1.03 243.9

5 1 DUDS PTC3 40.2 3.10 0.700 1.06 82.5

5 1 DUDS TB1 19.9 1.00 1.05 19.1

5 1 OUDS DUR4 14.0 2.10 1.00 29.5

5 1 OUDS FE4 12.1 3.46 1.05 39.7

5 1 OUDS RF2 6.4 3.28 1.00 20.9

5 1 OUDS TB3 0.8 2.64 1.49 1.4

5 2 OUDS DUR4 12.6 1.57 1.09 18.3

5 2 OUDS FE4 0.7 3.08 1.00 2.0

continued
62

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

5 2 OUDS RE4 4.8 3.16 1.00 15.2

5 2 WILD PTC1 4.3 1.00 0.696 1.00 3.0

5 3 DUDS SV1 712.9 1.00 1.00 712.9

5 3 OUDS DUR4 55.3 1.39 2.13 36.1

5 3 OUDS DUR5 0.7 8.52 2.40 2.6

5 3 OUDS RE2 6.5 2.09 2.44 5.6

5 3 OUDS SUP4 0.2 5.01 2.15 0.6

5 4 DUDS FR1 56.2 1.29 2.19 33.0

5 4 DUDS SV1 1176.0 1.55 1.07 1700.3

5 4 OUDS DUR4 181.2 1.06 2.52 76.1

5 4 OUDS DUR5 0.7 7.61 3.69 1.5

5 4 OUDS RE4 77.6 3.20 3.13 79.4

5 5 OUDS FE4 2.0 3.55 1.07 6.5

5 5 OUDS FR5 0.0 24.48 1.10 0.9

5 6 OUDS DUR4 49.3 1.64 1.38 58.2

5 6 OUDS RF4 0.1 0.97 1.86 0.0

5 7 DUDS DUR4 38.2 0.97 1.24 30.0

5 7 OUDS DUR4 39.0 1.32 1.34 38.4

5 7 OUDS DUR5 0.0 16.07 1.65 0.3

5 8 OUDS DUR4 6.1 1.14 2.01 3.5

5 8 OUDS DUR5 0.2 10.61 2.14 0.8

5 8 OUDS FE4 3.4 1.80 1.51 4.0

5 8 OUDS SUP4 0.0 3.48 1.89 0.0

5 9 DUDS FR1 0.5 0.79 1.00 0.4

5 9 OUDS FE4 3.1 0.50 1.00 1.5

5 10 OUDS DUR4 9.5 1.83 1.58 11.0

5 10 OUDS RE4 1.8 2.49 2.42 1.8

5 10 OUDS SUP4 0.0 3.72 1.96 0.1

5 11 OUDS DUR4 48.1 1.56 1.50 50.0

5 11 OUDS RF4 7.4 1.31 1.87 5.2

5 12 DUDS FE3 14.7 4.15 1.07 56.9

5 12 DUDS FR1 38.6 1.00 1.56 24.8

5 12 DUDS PTC1 159.6 1.00 0.816 1.72 75.8

5 12 DUDS SV1 662.1 1.00 1.06 624.0

5 12 OUDS DUR4 39.5 3.38 1.55 86.0

5 12 OUDS DUR5 0.6 12.88 1.5 5.2

continued
63

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

5 12 OUDS FE4 2.3 2.40 1.00 5.6

5 12 OUDS RE2 0.7 3.38 1.63 1.5

5 13 DUDS FR1 21.4 1.07 2.23 10.2

5 13 OUDS DUR4 49.5 2.61 1.52 85.2

5 13 OUDS DUR5 0.6 10.61 2.30 2.6

5 13 OUDS RE4 11.1 3.52 1.65 23.6

5 13 OUDS SUP4 0.3 3.53 2.06 0.5

5 14 DUDS SV1 4.6 1.00 1.15 4.0

5 14 OUDS DUR4 56.9 1.34 1.65 46.3

5 14 OUDS DUR5 0.2 8.11 2.37 0.7

5 14 OUDS FE4 2.3 1.72 2.29 1.7

5 14 OUDS RE4 10.4 2.46 2.59 9.9

5 15 DUDS DUR4 5.8 2.20 1.30 9.9

5 15 DUDS FE3 11.0 3.73 1.17 35.0

5 15 DUDS SV1 145.3 1.11 1.02 157.4

5 15 OUDS DUR4 252.0 1.81 1.50 303.5

5 15 OUDS DUR5 21.0 10.27 1.85 116.8

5 15 OUDS RE4 18.0 1.75 2.06 15.2

5 16 DUDS FR1 139.7 1.12 1.04 149.9

5 16 DUDS SV1 156.4 1.00 1.06 147.1

5 16 OUDS DUR4 79.8 1.38 1.55 70.6

5 16 OUDS DUR5 0.3 0.50 1.00 0.1

5 16 OUDS FE4 3.1 2.13 1.00 6.7

5 16 OUDS RE4 8.8 3.25 1.20 23.8

5 17 DUDS FR1 1370.8 1.40 1.12 1714.9

5 17 DUDS PTC1 7.2 1.00 1.000 2.13 3.4

5 17 GFA RE2 3.4 7.78 1.00 26.3

5 17 OUDS DUR4 54.6 2.93 1.84 87.3

5 17 OUDS DUR5 0.4 14.00 3.57 1.4

5 17 OUDS FR2 0.1 0.79 3.97 0.0

5 19 DUDS FR1 40.6 1.05 1.08 39.4

5 19 DUDS SV1 618.2 1.06 1.05 624.6

5 19 OUDS DUR4 53.1 1.48 1.40 56.1

5 19 OUDS RE4 10.5 3.21 3.00 11.3

6 1 DUDS PTC1 114.4 1.00 0.828 1.75 54.0

6 1 DUDS SV1 714.3 1.09 1.04 743.7

continued
64

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

6 1 GFA PTC3 77.6 1.97 1.000 1.78 85.4

6 1 OUDS DUR4 28.2 1.96 1.00 55.2

6 1 OUDS DUR5 0.8 11.91 1.00 9.6

6 1 OUDS FE3 15.9 3.25 2.30 22.5

6 1 OUDS FE4 85.8 2.77 1.21 196.1

6 1 OUDS RE4 6.1 2.47 2.59 5.9

6 3 DUDS PTC3 189.0 3.40 0.976 1.99 315.4

6 3 GFA PTC3 320.1 2.60 0.715 1.24 480.7

6 3 OUDS DUR4 21.1 1.92 1.52 26.7

6 3 OUDS DUR5 0.1 12.66 1.00 1.6

6 3 OUDS FE4 1.6 3.53 2.39 2.4

6 3 OUDS RE1 0.5 1.00 2.97 0.2

6 3 WILD MA2 9.3 1.07 1.11 9.0

6 4 GFA PTC3 115.7 2.83 0.395 1.71 75.5

6 4 OUDS FE4 3.6 2.54 1.88 4.8

6 4 OUDS SUP4 0.1 3.11 1.72 0.2

6 5 DUDS FR1 1548.9 1.00 1.05 1472.6

6 5 OUDS DUR4 33.7 2.40 1.17 68.9

6 5 OUDS RF4 24.4 1.59 1.20 32.3

6 5 OUDS SUP4 8.8 3.78 1.12 29.6

6 5 WILD MA2 84.6 2.32 1.00 196.6

6 6 DUDS DUR4 1.4 3.95 1.26 4.4

6 6 DUDS FE3 4.4 2.66 1.32 8.8

6 6 DUDS SV1 686.8 1.11 1.16 655.1

6 6 OUDS DUR4 50.2 2.67 1.16 115.8

6 6 OUDS RE4 17.1 3.09 1.30 40.5

6 7 GFA PTC3 174.0 2.40 0.694 1.08 268.8

6 7 OUDS FE4 28.7 0.91 2.59 10.1

6 7 OUDS SUP2 0.4 3.86 1.30 1.1

6 8 DUDS SV1 17.9 1.00 1.00 17.9

6 9 DUDS FR3 9.2 2.83 1.22 21.4

6 9 DUDS PTC1 58.8 1.00 1.000 1.25 47.2

6 9 OUDS DUR4 3.1 3.06 1.32 7.1

6 9 OUDS FE4 11.0 2.83 1.15 26.9

6 9 OUDS RF1 0.5 1.00 2.36 0.2

6 9 OUDS RF4 17.8 1.95 1.14 30.4

continued
65

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

6 10 DUDS FR1 95.2 1.92 1.07 171.0

6 10 OUDS RE4 8.8 4.89 3.73 11.5

6 10 OUDS SUP4 0.0 2.93 1.00 0.1

6 11 GFA FR1 42.9 1.00 1.68 25.6

6 11 OUDS DUR4 0.3 1.57 2.16 0.2

6 11 OUDS FE3 0.7 4.18 2.03 1.4

6 11 OUDS SUP4 0.4 4.64 1.86 1.1

6 12 DUDS PTC1 34.7 1.00 0.931 1.85 17.4

6 12 DUDS PTC3 117.2 2.28 0.508 1.85 73.5

6 12 DUDS RE2 0.0 3.93 3.97 0.0

6 12 GFA PTC3 552.4 2.75 0.695 1.16 908.0

6 12 OUDS DUR4 57.8 1.96 1.5 75.3

6 12 OUDS DUR5 0.1 12.79 1.00 1.8

6 12 OUDS FE3 12.1 3.21 1.15 34.0

6 12 OUDS RE2 0.0 1.80 2.45 0.0

6 12 OUDS RE4 1.1 3.36 2.53 1.4

6 14 DUDS FE3 1.8 3.18 1.08 5.3

6 14 DUDS SV1 27.0 1.01 1.01 27.1

6 14 OUDS DUR4 4.5 1.54 1.20 5.8

6 14 OUDS FE4 2.8 3.45 1.06 9.2

6 14 OUDS SUP4 0.5 3.36 1.00 1.8

6 15 DUDS RE1 6.6 1.00 2.07 3.2

6 15 OUDS DUR4 42.8 2.13 1.80 50.6

6 15 OUDS DUR5 1.3 12.71 1.00 16.1

6 15 OUDS FE4 16.4 2.57 1.37 30.9

6 15 OUDS SUP4 0.2 3.74 2.01 0.5

6 16 DUDS FR1 14.5 1.00 1.57 9.2

6 16 DUDS FR3 1.3 2.78 1.70 2.2

6 16 DUDS PTC1 13.5 1.00 0.951 1.33 9.6

6 16 DUDS SV1 8.6 1.09 1.00 9.4

6 16 GFA FR3 4.6 2.33 1.05 10.3

6 16 OUDS DUR4 6.0 1.18 1.58 4.4

6 16 OUDS FE4 2.5 2.24 1.44 4.0

6 16 OUDS RE4 0.4 2.03 1.74 0.5

6 16 OUDS SUP4 0.1 3.27 1.28 0.3

6 17 DUDS FR3 7.9 2.59 1.20 17.0

continued
66

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

6 17 DUDS SV1 230.6 1.33 1.02 300.6

6 17 OUDS DUR4 178.5 2.02 1.08 333.6

6 17 OUDS FE4 8.3 2.46 1.08 18.9

6 17 OUDS FR3 1.1 0.52 1.00 0.6

6 17 OUDS RE1 3.0 0.50 1.00 1.5

6 17 OUDS RE4 3.8 3.82 1.53 9.5

6 17 WILD MA2 52.6 3.61 1.00 189.8

6 18 DUDS PTC3 36.7 3.27 0.292 1.39 25.1

6 18 DUDS SV1 131.3 1.33 1.07 163.1

6 18 GFA PTC3 38.5 2.59 0.484 1.11 43.6

6 18 OUDS DUR4 66.3 2.43 1.62 99.2

6 18 OUDS DUR5 0.2 12.47 2.77 0.7

6 18 OUDS FE3 3.0 2.79 1.60 5.1

6 18 OUDS RE4 0.6 4.38 1.84 1.4

6 18 OUDS SUP4 0.2 5.12 2.53 0.3

6 18 WILD MA2 7.2 2.55 2.23 8.3

6 20 DUDS FE3 42.3 3.33 1.18 119.8

6 20 GFA FE3 11.7 3.05 1.14 31.5

6 20 OUDS FE3 37.0 3.46 1.25 102.7

6 21 DUDS FE3 0.3 3.39 1.07 0.9

6 21 DUDS FR1 49.9 3.52 1.00 175.9

6 21 DUDS FR3 0.1 2.16 1.00 0.1

6 21 OUDS FE3 13.0 1.00 2.52 5.1

6 21 OUDS FR3 0.5 1.55 3.26 0.2

6 21 OUDS FR5 0.1 24.39 1.53 1.5

6 21 OUDS SUP4 0.0 1.00 2.35 0.0

6 22 GFA PTC3 98.1 3.78 0.974 1.71 211.4

6 22 OUDS RF1 7.9 1.00 1.90 4.1

8 1 DUDS DUR4 10.3 7.62 1.00 78.3

8 1 OUDS DUR4 13.6 1.17 1.12 14.3

8 2 DUDS FR3 39.6 3.12 1.00 123.7

8 2 DUDS FR5 0.1 36.61 1.00 1.8

8 2 OUDS DUR4 48.4 1.43 1.35 51.2

8 2 OUDS DUR5 0.2 5.83 1.58 0.7

8 2 OUDS FE4 1.3 1.77 1.50 1.5

8 3 DUDS FE3 110.2 2.26 1.24 201.4

continued
67

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

8 3 GFA FE3 11.2 1.88 1.00 21.1

8 3 OUDS FE3 2.1 4.17 1.63 5.5

8 3 OUDS FE4 32.3 3.32 1.23 87.0

8 5 DUDS FR3 3.3 2.64 1.10 8.0

8 5 DUDS TB1 347.9 1.00 1.09 320.3

8 5 GFA TB3 6.3 3.39 1.00 21.3

8 5 OUDS RF2 2.9 1.15 1.00 3.3

8 5 OUDS SUP4 0.1 5.09 2.62 0.1

8 5 OUDS TB1 136.3 1.00 1.23 111.2

8 7 DUDS FE3 27.5 2.48 1.11 61.2

8 7 GFA FR3 3.4 3.19 1.00 10.8

8 7 GFA RE1 12.8 1.00 1.00 12.8

8 7 OUDS FE4 6.7 1.57 1.00 10.5

8 8 DUDS FE4 4.3 2.74 1.11 10.7

8 8 DUDS FR3 1.4 2.42 1.55 2.2

8 8 DUDS TB3 10.6 2.89 1.00 30.6

8 8 OUDS FE4 7.1 1.95 1.06 12.9

8 8 OUDS FR3 0.1 0.50 1.00 0.0

8 8 OUDS TB3 10.3 2.62 1.04 25.8

8 9 OUDS SUP4 0.0 25.55 1.00 1.0

8 10 DUDS FR1 82.9 1.00 1.10 75.5

8 10 DUDS FR3 6.8 3.86 1.02 25.6

8 10 GFA FR1 3.9 1.00 1.13 3.4

8 10 OUDS DUR4 0.7 1.71 1.62 0.7

8 10 OUDS FE4 4.4 3.84 1.16 14.4

8 11 DUDS DUR4 13.5 3.61 2.68 18.2

8 11 DUDS FR1 44.7 1.00 1.60 28.0

8 11 DUDS FR3 24.5 2.94 1.16 62.2

8 11 DUDS TB3 102.7 2.18 1.28 175

8 11 OUDS DUR4 70.1 1.31 1.23 74.7

8 11 OUDS DUR5 0.4 12.08 1.00 5.0

8 11 OUDS FE3 4 1.64 2.23 2.9

8 11 OUDS FE4 31.6 1.72 1.34 40.5

8 11 OUDS FR1 7.8 1.41 1.41 7.8

8 11 OUDS FR2 6.7 0.68 2.52 1.8

8 11 OUDS FR5 0.4 31.5 1.39 8.8

continued
68

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

8 16 DUDS FR2 15.9 0.99 2.64 6.0

8 60 DUDS FR1 105.2 1.14 2.29 52.1

8 60 DUDS PTC1 208.5 1.00 0.864 1.66 108.3

8 60 DUDS PTC3 46.6 2.70 0.686 1.60 53.8

8 60 GFA PTC3 665.6 1.28 0.700 1.18 504.0

8 60 OUDS PTC3 33.6 1.65 1.000 1.00 55.4

8 60 OUDS RE1 424.6 1.00 1.73 244.8

9 3 OUDS DUR4 6.2 1.47 1.40 6.5

9 3 OUDS FE4 23.3 2.10 1.20 40.7

9 3 OUDS FR5 0.0 30.2 1.51 0.6

9 3 OUDS RE1 30.0 1.00 1.42 21.0

9 4 OUDS DUR4 24.4 1.62 1.15 34.2

9 5 DUDS FE3 8.9 3.00 1.19 22.5

9 5 GFA FE3 4.1 2.59 1.47 7.3

9 5 OUDS DUR4 10.3 2.69 1.92 14.4

9 5 OUDS DUR5 0.1 11.61 2.32 0.3

9 7 DUDS FR1 61.1 1.34 1.00 81.8

9 7 DUDS FR2 0.7 2.94 2.08 1.0

9 7 DUDS FR3 0.6 2.78 1.19 1.3

9 7 DUDS PTC1 24.8 1.00 0.321 3.80 2.1

9 7 OUDS FE4 7.3 1.87 1.09 12.5

9 7 OUDS FR5 0.0 21.74 1.00 0.4

9 7 WILD MA2 2.3 2.05 1.02 4.6

9 9 OUDS DUR4 27.3 1.02 2.20 12.7

9 9 OUDS FE4 0.3 1.70 3.64 0.1

9 9 WILD MA1 282.0 1.00 2.04 138.4

9 10 DUDS SV1 1.2 1.14 1.00 1.4

9 10 OUDS FE4 29.4 2.52 1.36 54.4

9 10 OUDS SUP4 0.1 2.58 1.00 0.3

9 12 DUDS FR3 33.3 3.30 1.00 109.8

9 12 OUDS FE3 0.4 1.00 1.00 0.4

9 12 OUDS FR3 51.8 2.05 1.06 99.5

9 13 DUDS PTC1 52.5 1.00 0.824 1.16 37.3

9 13 OUDS DUR4 58.8 1.42 1.41 59.4

9 13 OUDS DUR5 0.2 8.00 1.55 0.9

9 15 GFA FR1 3.4 6.70 1.00 22.7

continued
69

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

9 15 GFA TB1 1.2 1.00 1.00 1.2

9 19 DUDS FE3 2.4 3.72 1.23 7.1

9 19 DUDS FR3 1.7 2.90 1.07 4.5

9 19 OUDS DUR4 30.2 1.25 1.17 32.2

9 20 DUDS SV1 865.6 1.04 1.00 900.9

9 20 OUDS FE4 2.3 2.47 2.37 2.4

9 21 DUDS DUR4 2.1 9.80 1.19 17.3

9 21 DUDS DUR5 0.1 35.93 1.20 3.5

9 21 DUDS SV1 86.9 1.00 1.00 86.9

9 21 GFA FR1 27.5 1.00 1.12 24.5

9 21 OUDS DUR4 18.5 1.59 1.19 24.7

9 21 OUDS DUR5 0.8 7.39 2.65 2.2

9 21 OUDS RE2 0.0 1.13 2.79 0.0

9 22 DUDS FR1 12.5 1.09 3.02 4.5

9 22 DUDS FR3 10.2 3.44 1.32 26.6

9 22 DUDS PTC1 136.1 1.00 0.907 3.15 39.2

9 22 DUDS RF1 1.6 5.84 1.20 7.6

9 22 DUDS SV1 694.4 1.00 1.17 592.3

9 22 OUDS DUR4 206.6 4.08 1.50 563.3

9 22 OUDS FE1 7.4 1.00 5.45 1.4

9 22 OUDS FE4 2.0 3.52 1.15 6.1

9 22 OUDS RF1 78.3 1.00 1.39 56.1

9 22 OUDS SUP4 26.0 2.18 1.67 33.9

10 2 GFA RE1 0.8 1.39 1.00 1.1

10 2 OUDS FE4 0.2 1.75 2.79 0.1

10 2 OUDS SUP4 0.6 2.94 1.35 1.4

10 2 WILD RE4 0.1 0.50 1.00 0.0

10 2 WILD SUP4 0.2 3.60 1.24 0.6

10 3 OUDS FE4 0.0 1.96 1.90 0.0

10 3 OUDS RF4 2.9 1.13 1.82 1.8

10 4 DUDS DUR4 0.8 3.99 3.35 0.9

10 4 DUDS FR2 44.9 1.79 2.60 30.8

10 4 DUDS TB3 9.4 3.13 1.22 23.9

10 4 GFA TB3 2.4 3.28 1.07 7.4

10 4 OUDS DUR4 15.6 2.17 1.26 27.0

10 4 OUDS FE4 0.0 2.41 1.00 0.1

continued
70

Table A.12—The Round 1 proxy national forest visit estimates (1,000s) for each stratum 

and forest (continued)

Region Forest Site-type Proxy Proxy 

count ABAR PBAR SF ProxyNFV

thousands thousands

10 4 OUDS RE4 2.2 4.27 2.65 3.6

10 4 OUDS SUP2 0.1 6.22 1.06 0.9

10 4 OUDS TB3 5.4 3.06 1.34 12.3

10 5 DUDS FR1 0.3 1.08 1.98 0.2

10 5 DUDS PTC1 41.0 1.00 0.389 2.60 6.1

10 5 OUDS FE4 1.1 3.19 2.27 1.6

10 5 OUDS SUP4 0.5 3.70 2.11 0.9

10 5 WILD SUP4 0.2 3.80 1.00 0.8

ABAR = Conversion coefficient to convert annual proxy counts obtained from the forests to site visit estimates; 

PBAR = The average proportion of exiting vehicles (groups) in the stratum that are last-exiting recreationists 

(LERs); SF = The average number of sites visited (nonproxy and proxy) per national forest trip by a visitor in 

the proxy stratum; NFV = National forest visits; DUDS = Day-use developed sites; OUDS = Overnight-use 

developed sites; GFA = General forest area sites; WILD = Wilderness sites.
71

Table A.13—The number of special events (n) and special events visits for each Round 1 forest

R F n Visits R F n Visits R F n Visits

1 2 22 26,160 4 1 23 74,362 6 8 9 7,938

1 3 9 4,934 4 3 30 4,352 6 10 11 2,999

1 8 5 1,093 4 8 3 1,185 6 11 3 520

1 10 1 1,000 4 10 9 4,415 6 12 19 14,206

1 11 26 16,223 4 12 1 58 6 15 11 1,330

1 12 4 2,423 4 13 13 3,295 6 17 33 31,702

1 14 35 4,734 4 14 13 3,839 6 18 21 17,796

1 16 26 6,411 4 17 51 164,779 6 20 34 89,569

1 17 13 652 4 19 59 39,468 6 21 6 1,128

1 18 4 475 5 1 34 49,631 8 1 2 500

2 2 12 1,060 5 2 17 7,384 8 2 30 3,119

2 3 28 7,520 5 3 47 43,832 8 4 42 16,803

2 4 26 5,301 5 4 15 2,190 8 5 19 32,784

2 6 18 3,591 5 6 33 11,659 8 7 15 11,063

2 7 14 7,456 5 7 38 55,215 8 10 153 12,020

2 10 10 10,156 5 8 14 26,522 8 11 17 4,392

2 11 4 40,388 5 10 2 3,600 8 13 39 3,201

2 12 75 34,216 5 11 20 19,715 8 16 4 2,225

2 14 8 1,296 5 12 88 104,536 9 4 31 11,323

2 15 37 10,009 5 13 58 49,368 9 8 9 6,825

3 1 85 71,529 5 14 20 8,190 9 10 8 1,163

3 2 12 7,885 5 15 28 56,557 9 13 22 19,156

3 3 8 362 5 16 25 56,903 9 14 22 3,140

3 4 39 11,194 5 17 86 24,356 9 15 34 10,074

3 5 102 136,823 5 19 25 205,130 9 19 22 12,226

3 6 14 2,079 6 1 19 3,857 9 20 20 2,003

3 7 11 2,660 6 3 12 19,993 9 21 23 33,410

3 8 2 300 6 4 5 731 10 2 3 217

3 10 15 827 6 6 62 35,380 10 3 10 6,250

3 12 9 17,988 6 7 11 2,130 10 4 20 4,268

R = Region; F = Forest.
72

Table A.14—The site visit and national forest visit estimates for each Round 1 forest (continued)

R F SV CV 90% Lower 90% Upper NFV CV 90% Lower 90% Upper

1 2 1,540,268 16.3 1,128,516 1,952,020 1,330,965 18.0 937,564 1,724,366

1 3 793,078 11.9 637,926 948,230 711,940 12.5 565,389 858,491

1 4 882,262 11.9 709,935 1,054,589 776,695 13.1 609,492 943,898

1 5 1,214,498 35.0 515,279 1,913,717 1,071,638 38.6 391,701 1,751,575

1 8 909,276 19.6 615,881 1,202,671 825,616 19.9 554,697 1,096,535

1 10 1,287,766 12.3 1,026,567 1,548,965 1,091,655 10.0 911,348 1,271,962

1 11 1,779,333 10.9 1,460,044 2,098,622 1,663,886 11.0 1,364,093 1,963,679

1 12 441,265 19.4 300,323 582,207 433,765 19.7 292,908 574,622

1 14 1,443,739 13.8 1,115,926 1,771,552 1,334,720 14.3 1,021,690 1,647,750

1 15 520,264 10.7 428,444 612,084 481,335 11.5 390,660 572,010

1 16 1,506,711 16.0 1,111,252 1,902,170 1,424,147 16.1 1,046,393 1,801,901

1 17 630,268 18.5 438,649 821,887 515,260 19.1 353,097 677,423

1 18 667,621 14.9 503,646 831,596 641,471 15.4 478,756 804,186

2 2 991,905 22.8 619,912 1,363,898 800,590 24.1 483,508 1,117,672

2 3 1,721,544 16.8 1,244,623 2,198,465 1,425,982 18.9 981,921 1,870,043

2 4 3,748,105 23.2 2,318,864 5,177,346 3,231,554 22.7 2,022,717 4,440,391

2 6 1,119,297 13.7 866,792 1,371,802 969,276 13.3 757,298 1,181,254

2 7 144,941 18.1 101,686 188,196 135,087 18.7 93,607 176,567

2 9 1,675,624 24.9 988,617 2,362,631 1,272,904 28.0 685,972 1,859,836

2 10 7,914,938 14.8 5,991,318 9,838,558 6,639,554 16.2 4,872,589 8,406,519

2 11 1,940,411 5.1 1,776,629 2,104,193 1,448,482 8.5 1,246,813 1,650,151

2 12 4,382,441 11.7 3,537,134 5,227,748 3,961,126 12.2 3,165,699 4,756,553

2 13 2,853,183 18.7 1,974,494 3,731,872 2,425,852 19.2 1,660,393 3,191,311

2 14 644,007 14.6 489,405 798,609 543,167 16.3 397,364 688,970

2 15 10,285,047 2.9 9,791,404 10,778,690 9,370,212 3.4 8,853,763 9,886,661

3 1 2,516,710 12.5 1,999,211 3,034,209 2,109,286 12.3 1,684,089 2,534,483

3 2 1,079,051 12.8 851,442 1,306,660 997,127 13.3 779,656 1,214,598

3 3 2,797,821 15.5 2,083,593 3,512,049 2,613,942 15.9 1,930,422 3,297,462

3 4 2,946,048 16.0 2,168,552 3,723,544 2,482,233 17.0 1,789,144 3,175,322

3 5 2,882,454 11.6 2,334,521 3,430,387 2,288,591 13.2 1,791,120 2,786,062

3 6 2,049,322 19.9 1,379,483 2,719,161 1,498,197 22.8 936,885 2,059,509

3 7 657,494 21.8 422,011 892,977 531,834 21.6 342,749 720,919

3 8 929,203 20.4 617,815 1,240,591 836,137 21.4 541,233 1,131,041

3 9 823,226 17.3 588,411 1,058,041 756,219 17.7 535,808 976,630

3 10 1,393,969 10.9 1,145,154 1,642,784 1,268,194 11.2 1,035,312 1,501,076

3 12 6,251,558 20.6 4,136,118 8,366,998 5,850,377 28.2 3,140,825 8,559,929

4 1 1,583,217 9.8 1,328,333 1,838,101 1,432,099 10.0 1,196,074 1,668,124

4 2 1,449,466 12.3 1,157,322 1,741,610 1,274,714 13.2 997,738 1,551,690

4 3 2,815,455 15.2 2,111,197 3,519,713 2,563,277 16.5 1,865,907 3,260,647

4 7 791,440 14.4 604,479 978,401 693,850 14.8 524,534 863,166

4 8 529,248 13.7 410,200 648,296 478,499 14.2 366,647 590,351

4 10 919,414 17.9 648,026 1,190,802 867,279 18.1 608,704 1,125,854

4 12 685,436 11.1 560,420 810,452 653,177 12.5 519,350 787,004

4 13 421,625 11.7 340,411 502,839 356,924 12.7 282,095 431,753

continued
73

Table A.14—The site visit and national forest visit estimates for each Round 1 forest (continued)

R F SV CV 90% Lower 90% Upper NFV CV 90% Lower 90% Upper

4 14 1,092,391 11.9 877,699 1,307,083 954,059 12.5 757,432 1,150,686

4 15 3,006,107 16.1 2,209,467 3,802,747 2,846,337 17.1 2,045,829 3,646,845

4 17 3,911,011 24.9 2,311,047 5,510,975 3,566,310 25.9 2,044,144 5,088,476

4 18 3,277,173 8.4 2,823,631 3,730,715 2,972,797 9.0 2,531,662 3,413,932

4 19 5,113,521 11.7 4,128,773 6,098,269 4,593,478 12.1 3,676,623 5,510,333

5 1 3,542,543 10.2 2,947,091 4,137,995 3,286,437 10.1 2,738,324 3,834,550

5 2 694,873 18.5 483,179 906,567 669,221 19.1 458,559 879,883

5 3 2,532,775 7.7 2,212,753 2,852,797 2,137,252 7.4 1,877,619 2,396,885

5 4 5,665,421 12.4 4,509,824 6,821,018 4,205,619 15.1 3,159,776 5,251,462

5 5 536,201 23.9 325,325 747,077 473,657 25.1 278,417 668,897

5 6 913,754 16.2 669,703 1,157,805 720,061 16.7 522,795 917,327

5 7 1,753,021 12.2 1,402,134 2,103,908 1,557,785 12.4 1,240,776 1,874,794

5 8 338,022 8.2 292,696 383,348 265,528 8.3 229,222 301,834

5 9 136,514 18.4 95,281 177,747 109,048 20.6 72,173 145,923

5 10 474,786 16.5 346,266 603,306 414,763 17.4 296,087 533,439

5 11 1,183,735 9.0 1,008,643 1,358,827 989,170 9.5 835,363 1,142,977

5 12 2,187,847 8.7 1,874,292 2,501,402 1,859,602 9.0 1,583,249 2,135,955

5 13 1,800,688 15.5 1,342,179 2,259,197 1,439,502 16.7 1,044,724 1,834,280

5 14 3,055,557 9.7 2,568,839 3,542,275 2,675,186 10.4 2,219,348 3,131,024

5 15 2,350,089 10.8 1,933,406 2,766,772 1,862,863 11.8 1,501,544 2,224,182

5 16 2,191,503 12.4 1,745,740 2,637,266 1,812,528 12.4 1,443,068 2,181,988

5 17 4,679,930 12.8 3,692,737 5,667,123 3,969,030 13.2 3,109,742 4,828,318

5 19 4,135,176 14.4 3,154,676 5,115,676 3,411,650 15.1 2,564,968 4,258,332

6 1 3,817,977 9.2 3,239,049 4,396,905 3,109,377 9.7 2,610,998 3,607,756

6 2 326,886 16.9 236,046 417,726 277,753 16.8 201,128 354,378

6 3 2,510,024 14.4 1,913,573 3,106,475 1,754,789 18.4 1,222,391 2,287,187

6 4 344,687 18.5 239,512 449,862 264,392 20.7 174,271 354,513

6 5 3,928,503 18.0 2,763,719 5,093,287 3,600,430 18.1 2,529,387 4,671,473

6 6 5,089,394 27.7 2,771,836 7,406,952 4,369,485 28.3 2,335,758 6,403,212

6 7 621,416 25.2 363,545 879,287 568,662 27.1 315,223 822,101

6 8 470,480 14.4 358,661 582,299 407,329 15.7 301,953 512,705

6 9 629,966 18.3 439,861 820,071 538,273 19.0 370,179 706,367

6 10 667,442 18.6 463,447 871,437 544,996 20.4 361,755 728,237

6 11 739,177 16.1 543,208 935,146 641,846 17.7 455,005 828,687

6 12 2,443,245 17.8 1,727,618 3,158,872 1,964,986 25.0 1,155,753 2,774,219

6 14 582,245 16.1 428,388 736,102 541,906 16.0 398,888 684,924

6 15 1,140,842 14.9 861,986 1,419,698 734,747 13.9 567,134 902,360

6 16 539,814 15.0 406,583 673,045 484,258 16.5 352,819 615,697

6 17 2,698,559 9.4 2,279,971 3,117,147 2,545,349 12.4 2,024,290 3,066,408

6 18 2,155,960 11.7 1,742,113 2,569,807 1,685,176 12.4 1,340,202 2,030,150

6 20 541,778 6.2 486,638 596,918 480,939 7.6 420,468 541,410

6 21 570,683 19.5 387,591 753,775 526,951 20.7 347,276 706,626

6 22 2,965,851 12.8 2,342,516 3,589,186 1,890,334 13.6 1,466,150 2,314,518

8 1 1,290,650 48.9 253,360 2,327,940 1,258,335 50.6 211,151 2,305,519

continued
74

Table A.14—The site visit and national forest visit estimates for each Round 1 forest (continued)

R F SV CV 90% Lower 90% Upper NFV CV 90% Lower 90% Upper

8 2 3,161,427 22.5 1,989,594 4,333,260 2,980,516 23.1 1,845,871 4,115,161

8 3 2,375,587 19.9 1,597,027 3,154,147 2,135,630 21.3 1,388,819 2,882,441

8 4 2,766,892 14.0 2,128,157 3,405,627 2,497,810 14.4 1,904,867 3,090,753

8 5 2,601,648 19.5 1,765,679 3,437,617 2,099,015 21.0 1,374,499 2,823,531

8 6 788,629 28.8 415,067 1,162,191 617,826 30.7 305,415 930,237

8 7 3,287,829 19.9 2,211,285 4,364,373 3,191,886 19.8 2,149,745 4,234,027

8 8 3,734,117 13.6 2,899,480 4,568,754 3,413,795 13.8 2,637,836 4,189,754

8 9 1,600,007 18.2 1,120,480 2,079,534 1,389,960 20.1 929,652 1,850,268

8 10 2,127,966 19.7 1,438,662 2,817,270 2,077,521 19.8 1,400,391 2,754,651

8 11 8,729,381 16.4 6,381,450 11,077,312 6,708,041 15.2 5,031,784 8,384,298

8 12 1,489,166 17.2 1,066,720 1,911,612 1,335,025 17.4 953,275 1,716,775

8 13 568,275 16.2 416,856 719,694 532,519 17.2 382,267 682,771

8 16 962,507 30.0 487,334 1,437,680 472,096 29.8 240,624 703,568

8 60 1,735,260 15.1 1,303,649 2,166,871 1,233,377 25.3 719,648 1,747,106

9 3 2,427,538 12.1 1,944,342 2,910,734 2,157,836 12.2 1,724,167 2,591,505

9 4 1,669,777 26.8 932,751 2,406,803 1,451,228 28.3 775,381 2,127,075

9 5 739,641 18.8 511,011 968,271 656,736 21.3 426,657 886,815

9 7 836,237 12.6 663,431 1,009,043 738,423 13.2 577,593 899,253

9 8 770,514 10.3 639,865 901,163 564,808 10.4 468,221 661,395

9 9 5,112,941 17.1 3,678,434 6,547,448 2,879,016 18.2 2,016,789 3,741,243

9 10 827,205 13.3 645,595 1,008,815 716,186 13.9 552,713 879,659

9 12 738,810 22.1 469,672 1,007,948 706,735 24.5 421,699 991,771

9 13 2,643,564 23.9 1,604,197 3,682,931 2,497,236 24.6 1,488,332 3,506,140

9 14 590,996 15.1 443,898 738,094 570,495 15.5 424,976 716,014

9 15 36,274 23.1 22,502 50,046 36,229 23.1 22,459 49,999

9 19 1,754,346 23.5 1,075,852 2,432,840 1,686,491 24.6 1,004,893 2,368,089

9 20 3,951,020 12.2 3,157,093 4,744,947 3,789,674 12.3 3,023,062 4,556,286

9 21 1,004,152 6.7 894,041 1,114,263 838,639 7.2 739,860 937,418

9 22 2,956,041 13.9 2,281,101 3,630,981 2,143,895 13.5 1,669,482 2,618,308

10 2 384,810 22.2 244,279 525,341 294,818 22.1 187,517 402,119

10 3 2,289,876 23.1 1,418,206 3,161,546 1,983,599 23.2 1,226,183 2,741,015

10 4 841,889 33.1 384,141 1,299,637 638,127 29.6 326,920 949,334

10 5 297,429 18.3 207,976 386,882 262,645 18.7 181,755 343,535

All 239,009,917 1.90 231,554,913 246,464,921 204,358,864 2.05 197,468,684 211,249,044

R= Region; F= Forest; SV = Site visits; CV = Coefficient of variation; NFV = National forest visits. 
Zarnoch, S.J.; White, E.M.; English, D.B.K. [and others]. 2011. The National Visitor Use 

 Monitoring methodology and final results for round 1. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS–144. 

 Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station. 74 p.

A nationwide, systematic monitoring process has been developed to provide improved estimates of 

recreation visitation on National Forest System lands. Methodology is presented to provide estimates 

of site visits and national forest visits based on an onsite sampling design of site-days and last-exiting 

recreationists. Stratification of the site days, based on site type and use level, is used to improve the 

estimates by reducing variability. Forests are sampled on a 4-year cycle, with a fourth of the forests 

sampled each year.

The site visit and national forest visit estimates for each of the 121 forests sampled in round 1 

(2000 to 2003) are presented along with their coefficients of variation and 90-percent confidence 

intervals. In addition, these estimates are decomposed into their nonproxy, proxy, and Special Events 

components which provide a level of transparency important for understanding the estimation 

process and for building credibility among the users of these National Visitor Use Monitoring 

estimates.

The concepts, equations, and data presented are reinforced by illustrating a typical analysis of the 

visitation estimation process for the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest. This includes siteday characteristics of the nonproxy and proxy strata, information about the National Visitor Use 

Monitoring sampling process, and detailed calculation of the national forest visit estimate for the 

nonproxy, proxy, and Special Event components of the visitation estimate.

The total national visitation estimate is the summation of all the individual forest visit estimates. 

The national site visit estimate for 2004 was 239,009,917 with a 90-percent confidence interval of 

231,554,913 to 246,464,921 and a coefficient of variation of 1.90 percent. The national forest visit 

estimate, circa 2004, was 204,358,864 with a 90-percent confidence interval of 197,468,684 to 

211,249,044 and a coefficient of variation of 2.05. 

Keywords: Model-based estimates, National Visitor Use Monitoring, NVUM, outdoor recreation, 

recreation sampling.
The Forest Service, United States Department of 

Agriculture (USDA), is dedicated to the principle 

of multiple use management of the Nation’s forest 

resources for sustained yields of wood, water, 

forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, 

cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and 

management of the National Forests and National Grasslands, 

it strives—as directed by Congress—to provide increasingly 

greater service to a growing Nation.

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activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, 

disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial 

status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic 

information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of 

an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance 

program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) 

Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for 

communication of program information (Braille, large print, 

audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 

(202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, 

Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, 

Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) 

or (202) 720-6382 ( TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity 

provider and employer.
Southern 

Research Station

General Technical 

Report SRS–144

United States

Department of

Agriculture

Forest Service

The National Visitor Use 

Monitoring Methodology and 

Final Results for Round 1

Stanley J. Zarnoch, Eric M. White, Donald B. K. English, 

Susan M. Kocis, and Ross Arnold