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HAWAII

2018 ANNUAL REPORT
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Table of Contents

Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................................... 2

Disclaimer ............................................................................................................................................................... 3

Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................ 4

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 5

Program Structure ................................................................................................................................................... 5

Program Administration...................................................................................................................................... 5

Program Methodology ........................................................................................................................................ 8

Project Implementation ......................................................................................................................................... 11

Funds Programmed ........................................................................................................................................... 11

General Listing of Projects ............................................................................................................................... 13

Safety Performance ............................................................................................................................................... 14

General Highway Safety Trends ....................................................................................................................... 14

Safety Performance Targets .............................................................................................................................. 27

Applicability of Special Rules .......................................................................................................................... 29

Evaluation ............................................................................................................................................................. 31

Program Effectiveness ...................................................................................................................................... 31

Effectiveness of Groupings or Similar Types of Improvements ...................................................................... 31

Year 2017 .............................................................................................................................................................. 32

Project Effectiveness ......................................................................................................................................... 36

Compliance Assessment ....................................................................................................................................... 37
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Disclaimer 

Protection of Data from Discovery Admission into Evidence 

23 U.S.C. 148(h)(4) states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or 

data compiled or collected for any purpose relating to this section [HSIP], shall not be subject to discovery or 

admitted into evidence in a Federal or State court proceeding or considered for other purposes in any action for 

damages arising from any occurrence at a location identified or addressed in the reports, surveys, schedules, 

lists, or other data.” 

23 U.S.C. 409 states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or data 

compiled or collected for the purpose of identifying, evaluating, or planning the safety enhancement of 

potential accident sites, hazardous roadway conditions, or railway-highway crossings, pursuant to sections 

130, 144, and 148 of this title or for the purpose of developing any highway safety construction improvement 

project which may be implemented utilizing Federal-aid highway funds shall not be subject to discovery or 

admitted into evidence in a Federal or State court proceeding or considered for other purposes in any action for 

damages arising from any occurrence at a location mentioned or addressed in such reports, surveys, schedules, 

lists, or data.” 
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Executive Summary 

State of Hawaii 2018 U.S.C. 148(g) Annual Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) Report
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Introduction

The Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) is a core Federal-aid program with the purpose of achieving 

a significant reduction in fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads. As per 23 U.S.C. 148(h) and 23 CFR 

924.15, States are required to report annually on the progress being made to advance HSIP implementation and 

evaluation efforts. The format of this report is consistent with the HSIP Reporting Guidance dated December 

29, 2016 and consists of five sections: program structure, progress in implementing highway safety 

improvement projects, progress in achieving safety outcomes and performance targets, effectiveness of the 

improvements and compliance assessment.

Program Structure

Program Administration

Describe the general structure of the HSIP in the State. 

HDOT uses the Number-Rate (N-R) Method, which establishes a minimum crash frequency and accounts for 

exposure. Listings for intersection locations on State roadways use a minimum criteria for a 3-year period and 

listings for non-intersection locations on State roadways use sliding 0.3-mile segments with a minimum criteria 

for a 3-year period. This method uses the best availability of required data and is manageable by our limited 

manpower.

Locations identified by the N-R method will be further analyzed in a Benefit-Cost (B/C) analysis procedure by 

incorporating crash costs established by FHWA and crash reduction factors (CRF). The crash costs will assign 

more weight to fatal and high severity crashes.

Project Prioritization and Selection uses the annual High-Accident Listings, which ranks the locations by crash 

rates, and injury severity to determine possible project locations. Project locations where existing, planned or 

recently completed projects are already addressing concerns are eliminated. Appropriate countermeasures for 

each location are determined, preliminary estimates for improvements are computed, CRFs are selected, and 

Benefit/Cost (B/C) ratios to prioritize individual listings are calculated.

“HSIP Field Investigation” of candidate projects are conducted using HSIP Field Investigation procedures and 

involving the following parties: Traffic Safety engineers, District engineers and maintenance workers, Traffic 

Design engineers, and the police. Field investigations of existing conditions are conducted to better understand 

deficiencies. Projects are selected to initiate based on revised scope of work and B/C. If funds are available, 

additional projects are selected according to overall priority. Note that projects may also be initiated if identified 

as priority according to the Hawaii Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP).

Project Evaluation uses 3 year before and after crash history. Evaluation data is submiited to FHWA through 

the online HSIP reporting tool annually. 

Where is HSIP staff located within the State DOT? 

 Engineering 
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

HSIP staff is located in the Hawaii State Department of Transportation, Highways Division, Traffic Branch, 

Traffic Safety Section

How are HSIP funds allocated in a State? 

Other-Central Office

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

High accident listings and accident data for county roads are submitted to the county offices for internal design 

use. Local agencies can submit project proposals to be considered on the Statewide Transportation 

Improvement Program (STIP) and the projects can be funded through the HSIP funds if they are cost-effective. 

In addition, HRRRP Funds are offered to the counties.

HSIP funds for State roadway projects are divided among the 4 different counties.

All projects are submitted through the Traffic Safety Section.

Describe how local and tribal roads are addressed as part of HSIP.

High accident listings and accident data for county roads are submitted to the county offices for internal design 

use. Local agencies can submit project proposals to be considered on the Statewide Transportation 

Improvement Program (STIP) and the projects can be funded through HSIP funds if they are cost-effective. In 

addition, HRRRP Funds are offered to the counties.

Identify which internal partners (e.g., State departments of transportation (DOTs) Bureaus, Divisions) 

are involved with HSIP planning.

Traffic Engineering/Safety

Design

Planning 

Maintenance

Operations 

Other-Highway Safety Office assists with the management of non-infrastructure HSIP funds. 

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Describe coordination with internal partners.

The HSIP projects are initiated through the analysis of crash data and traffic volume counts obtained by the 
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Planning Branch. The HSIP project locations are evaluated to determine if other projects submitted by internal 

partners (Design, Planning, Maintenance, or Operations) can be coordinated or project scope can be 

incorporated within existing projects. 

Internal partners assist with project selection preparation of preliminary project scope through field 

investigations. Partners from the offices of design, maintenance and law enforcement (external) participate in 

the preliminary project scope.

Identify which external partners are involved with HSIP planning.

Local Government Agency 

Other-Police departments

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Police department representatives have participated in preliminary project scoping through field investigations. 

Their input on enforcement and knowledge of the area are instrumental to the overall traffic safety 

recommendations . 

Local government agencies would be involved when projects on local roads are proposed.

Describe coordination with external partners.

HSIP projects can be initiated through review of high accident listings and accident data for county roads 

submitted to the county offices. Local agencies can submit project proposals to be considered on the STIP

Police department officers are requested to participate in field investigations of potential HSIP project locations. 

They provide personal knowledge of the area and can make safety recommendations that may be incorporated 

within HSIP projects.

Have any program administration practices used to implement the HSIP changed since the last reporting 

period?

No

Are there any other aspects of HSIP Administration on which the State would like to elaborate?

Yes

Describe other aspects of HSIP Administration on which the State would like to elaborate. 

Statewide projects are submitted to be considered on the STIP. 
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Focus is more on corridor low-cost safety improvements versus black spots.

Program Methodology

Does the State have an HSIP manual or similar that clearly describes HSIP planning, implementation 

and evaluation processes?

Yes

To upload a copy of the State processes, attach files below.

File Name:

HSIP report2006.doc

Select the programs that are administered under the HSIP.

HRRR

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Program: HRRR 

Date of Program Methodology: 9/9/2006 

What is the justification for this program? [Check all that apply]

FHWA focused approach to safety

What is the funding approach for this program? [Check one]

Funding set-aside

What data types were used in the program methodology? [Check all that apply]

Crashes Exposure Roadway 

Fatal and serious injury crashes only Lane miles Functional classification 

What project identification methodology was used for this program? [Check all that apply]

Crash frequency

Crash rate

Are local roads (non-state owned and operated) included or addressed in this program?

Yes
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Are local road projects identified using the same methodology as state roads?

No

Describe the methodology used to identify local road projects as part of this program.

Methodology for local roads use the crash frequency because of the lack of traffic volume data. Methodology 

for State roads use the crash rate.

How are projects under this program advanced for implementation?

Other-Submitted to be included in the STIP. Follow with collaboration with the Districts.

Select the processes used to prioritize projects for implementation. For the methods selected, indicate the 

relative importance of each process in project prioritization. Enter either the weights or numerical 

rankings. If weights are entered, the sum must equal 100. If ranks are entered, indicate ties by giving 

both processes the same rank and skip the next highest rank (as an example: 1, 2, 2, 4).

Rank of Priority Consideration

Ranking based on B/C : 2 

Available funding : 1 

Cost Effectiveness : 3

What percentage of HSIP funds address systemic improvements?

 72 

 HSIP funds are used to address which of the following systemic improvements? Please check all that 

apply.

Rumble Strips

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

What process is used to identify potential countermeasures? [Check all that apply]

Engineering Study 

Crash data analysis

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Does the State HSIP consider connected vehicles and ITS technologies? 

No
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Does the State use the Highway Safety Manual to support HSIP efforts?

No

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

HDOT is currently working with a vendor to upgrade our current archaic database. The new database will take 

care of the accident data backlog and provide enhanced analyses and reporting capabilities. Some of the new 

analyses tools will incorporate the Highway Safety Manual. Additional HSM analyses can be implemented with 

the development of the new database.

Have any program methodology practices used to implement the HSIP changed since the last reporting 

period?

No

Are there any other aspects of the HSIP methodology on which the State would like to elaborate?

Yes

Describe other aspects of the HSIP methodology on which the State would like to elaborate.

During this period, run off roadway and median crossover type accidents were targeted. HDOT is currently 

focusing on reducing fatalities and serious injury type accidents by implementing cost-effective safety 

improvement projects along corridors with a history of these types of accidents. In Hawaii, these types of 

accidents have a greater potential of reducing fatalities and serious injury accidents cost-effectively, in 

comparison to "black spot" type projects. HDOT is collaborating with the University of Hawaii to develop a 

Systemic Roadway Departure Plan. With the development of this plan, HDOT hopes to address more systemic 

safety improvements with proven low-cost safety countermeasures.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Project Implementation

Funds Programmed

Reporting period for HSIP funding.

Federal Fiscal Year

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Enter the programmed and obligated funding for each applicable funding category.

FUNDING CATEGORY PROGRAMMED OBLIGATED % OBLIGATED/PROGRAMMED

HSIP (23 U.S.C. 148) $9,554,624 $1,136,211 11.89%

HRRR Special Rule (23 U.S.C. 

148(g)(1))

$0 $0 0%

Penalty Funds (23 U.S.C. 154) $2,578,892 $2,578,892 100%

Penalty Funds (23 U.S.C. 164) $2,578,892 $2,578,892 100%

RHCP (for HSIP purposes) (23 

U.S.C. 130(e)(2))

$587,500 $0 0%

Other Federal-aid Funds (i.e. 

STBG, NHPP)

$0 $0 0%

State and Local Funds $0 $0 0%

Totals $15,299,908 $6,293,995 41.14%

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

The penalty transfer is impacting the HSIP core obligation rate. Our administration plans to introduce 

legislation to attain compliance. 

We would like to have more projects initiated and assigned for design and construction. There is an inability of 

design staff to handle the workload. Areas such as: 106, right-of-way, and environmental requirements delay 

projects.

The obligated percentage is based on the latest project status report available. We anticipate obligating more 

HSIP funds before the end of FFY18.

How much funding is programmed to local (non-state owned and operated) or tribal safety projects?

$0 

How much funding is obligated to local or tribal safety projects?

$0 

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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How much funding is programmed to non-infrastructure safety projects?

$4,778,000 

How much funding is obligated to non-infrastructure safety projects?

$4,778,000 

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

How much funding was transferred in to the HSIP from other core program areas during the reporting 

period under 23 U.S.C. 126?

$0 

How much funding was transferred out of the HSIP to other core program areas during the reporting 

period under 23 U.S.C. 126?

$0 

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Discuss impediments to obligating HSIP funds and plans to overcome this challenge in the future.

The penalty transfer is impacting the HSIP core obligation rate. We would like to have more projects initiated 

and assigned for design and construction. We plan on utilizing IDIQ type contracts to facilitate the 

implementation of cost-effective safety improvements.

Does the State want to elaborate on any other aspects of it’s progress in implementing HSIP projects?

Yes

Describe any other aspects of the State’s progress in implementing HSIP projects on which the State 

would like to elaborate. 

Progress of all HSIP projects is monitored very closely. HSIP program staff follow-up with project managers 

and fiscal staff on a regular basis to track project schedules and make adjustments and modifications to the 

program to minimize the potential for lapsing funds, as well as spend HSIP funds efficiently.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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General Listing of Projects

List the projects obligated using HSIP funds for the reporting period.

RELATIONSHIP TO SHSP

PROJECT NAME IMPROVEMENT 

CATEGORY

SUBCATEGORY OUTPUTS OUTPUT TYPE HSIP PROJECT 

COST($)

TOTAL PROJECT 

COST($)

FUNDING 

CATEGORY

FUNCTIONAL 

CLASSIFICATION

AADT SPEED OWNERSHIP METHOD FOR 

SITE SELECTION

EMPHASIS AREA STRATEGY

H-1 Safety 

Improvements, 

Vicinity of MP 0.0 

to Waiawa O/P

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

9 Miles $9500000 HSIP (23 U.S.C. 

148)

Urban Principal 

Arterial (UPA) - 

Interstate

0 55 State Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane Departure Install Rumble 

Strips

Kamehameha 

Hwy Safety 

Improvements, 

Kahekili Hwy to 

Waikane Valley 

Rd

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

3.1 Miles $3700000 HSIP (23 U.S.C. 

148)

Urban Principal 

Arterial (UPA) - 

Other

0 35 State Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane Departure Install Rumble 

Strips

Mamalahoa Hwy 

Safety 

Improvements, 

MP 3.9 to MP 6.9

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

3 Miles $3500000 HSIP (23 U.S.C. 

148)

Rural Minor 

Arterial

0 50 State Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane Departure Install Rumble 

Strips

Honoapiilani Hwy 

Safety 

Improvements, 

Kapoli St to 

Papalaua Bch

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

5.2 Miles $3200000 HSIP (23 U.S.C. 

148)

Rural Principal 

Arterial (RPA) - 

Other

0 45 State Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane Departure Install Rumble 

Strips

Piilani Hwy Safety 

Improvements, 

North Kihei Rd to 

Wailea Ike Dr

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

7.1 Miles $1300000 HSIP (23 U.S.C. 

148)

Urban Principal 

Arterial (UPA) - 

Other

0 45 State Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane Departure Install Rumble 

Strips

Highway Statistics 

Program and 

Traffic Monitoring 

System

Non-infrastructure Data/traffic 

records

$4778000 Project is 

statewide and 

covers many 

functional 

classifications

0 Project is 

statewide and 

covers State and 

County 

ownerships

Project is 

statewide

Data Use crash data 

sources to identify 

high-risk locations

Statewide District 

Safety 

Improvements

Roadway Roadway - other $3476547.81 Project is 

statewide and 

covers many 

functional 

classifications

0 State Highway 

Agency

Project is 

statewide

Lane Departure Install rumble 

strips

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Safety Performance

General Highway Safety Trends

Present data showing the general highway safety trends in the State for the past five years.

PERFORMANCE 

MEASURES 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Fatalities 109 113 100 125 102 95 93 120 107

Serious Injuries 321 354 378 441 488 512 458 412 407

Fatality rate (per HMVMT) 1.130 1.130 1.000 1.250 1.010 0.930 0.910 1.140 1.020

Serious injury rate (per 

HMVMT)

3.320 3.540 3.790 4.410 4.830 5.030 4.470 3.900 3.890

Number non-motorized 

fatalities

19 29 25 28 27 32 30 32 32

Number of non-motorized 

serious injuries

57 76 68 72 100 92 91 102 102
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Annual Fatalities

Fatalities 5 Year Rolling Avg.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Annual Serious Injuries

Serious Injuries 5 Year Rolling Avg.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Fatality rate (per HMVMT)

Fatality rate (per HMVMT) 5 Year Rolling Avg.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Serious injury rate (per HMVMT)

Serious injury rate (per HMVMT) 5 Year Rolling Avg.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Please note that serious injury data for 2017 has not been completely received for us to conduct a manual 

count. The same number as the previous year was used to allow the program to process without leaving a 

blank response.

We are addressing the timeliness of our data and plan to have more to report next year. 

Figures in 2017 Serious Injuries, Serious Injury Rate, and number of non-motorized serious injuries in the 5 

year average table and the annual table are based on estimated 2017 serious injury data.

Describe fatality data source.

FARS

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

To the maximum extent possible, present this data by functional classification and ownership.

Year 2017

Functional Classification Number of Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Rural Principal Arterial 

(RPA) - Interstate

Rural Principal Arterial 

(RPA) - Other Freeways 

and Expressways

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Non Motorized Fatalities and Serious Injuries

Fatalities and Serious Injuries 5 Year Rolling Avg.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Functional Classification Number of Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Rural Principal Arterial 

(RPA) - Other

12 0.12

Rural Minor Arterial 5.4 0.05

Rural Minor Collector 0.2

Rural Major Collector 1.4 0.01

Rural Local Road or Street 1.2 0.01

Urban Principal Arterial 

(UPA) - Interstate

5.2 17 0.05 0.17

Urban Principal Arterial 

(UPA) - Other Freeways 

and Expressways

2.2 8.8 0.02 0.09

Urban Principal Arterial 

(UPA) - Other

41 0.38

Urban Minor Arterial 20.4 0.29

Urban Minor Collector 4.6 0.04

Urban Major Collector 6.6 0.07

Urban Local Road or Street 3.4 0.03
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Year 2017

Roadways Number of Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

State Highway Agency 72.6 45.8 0.56 0.45

County Highway Agency 33.6 25.15

Town or Township 

Highway Agency

City of Municipal Highway 

Agency

State Park, Forest, or 

Reservation Agency

Local Park, Forest or 

Reservation Agency

Other State Agency

Other Local Agency

Private (Other than 

Railroad)

Railroad

State Toll Authority

Local Toll Authority

Other Public 

Instrumentality (e.g. 

Airport, School, University)

Indian Tribe Nation
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Fatalities

Number of Fatalities by Functional Classification 

5 Year Average

2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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0

5

10

15

20

25

RPA - Interstate RPA - Other Fwys @

Expwys

Rural Minor

Collector

UPA - Interstate UPA - Other Fwys @

Expwys

Serious Injuries

Number of Serious Injuries by Functional 

Classification 

5 Year Average

2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

Fatality Rate

Fatality Rate (per HMVMT) by Functional 

Classification 

5 Year Average

2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

RPA - Interstate RPA - Other Fwys @

Expwys

Rural Minor

Collector

UPA - Interstate UPA - Other Fwys @

Expwys

Serious Injury Rate

Serious Injury Rate (per HMVMT) by Functional 

Classification 

5 Year Average

2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

State Highway Agency County Highway Agency

Fatalities

Number of Fatalities by Roadway Ownership 

5 Year Average

2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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0

50

100

150

200

250

State Highway Agency County Highway Agency

Serious Injuries

Number of Serious Injuries by Roadway 

Ownership 

5 Year Average

2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

State Highway Agency County Highway Agency

Fatality Rate

Fatality Rate (per HMVMT) by Roadway 

Ownership 

5 Year Average

2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

We are currently addressing the timeliness of our data. Due to previous manpower shortage, it was difficult to 

keep up with the workflow. We shifted our priorities to increase the timeliness of the database. We are 

currently working with a vendor to replace the existing obsolete database and address the data backlog. Data 

for next year's report should reflect more complete and current data. 

Data for functional classification previous to 2012 was not collected. Data above are annual statistics due to 

unavailable 5 year average data. Since data for County Roadways is complete until 2011, we are only able to 

extract functional classifications that only exist for State Roadways for 2012 - 2015 (Urban principal Arterial - 

Interstate and Urban Principal Arterial - Other Freeways and Expressways).

Are there any other aspects of the general highway safety trends on which the State would like to 

elaborate?

Yes

Provide additional discussion related to general highway safety trends.

We are currently addressing the timeliness of our data. During this FFY we have selected a vendor through an 

RFP to upgrade our current obsolete database, replace it with a more robust system, and address the backlog 

of data. Data for next year's report should reflect more current data years as the development of the database 

is currently underway.

Safety Performance Targets

Safety Performance Targets

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

State Highway Agency County Highway Agency

Serious Injury Rate

Serious Injury Rate (per HMVMT) by Roadway 

Ownership 

5 Year Average

2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Calendar Year 2019 Targets * 

Number of Fatalities 96.0 

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals. 

The numerical value estimated for the number of fatalities in 2019 was calculated 

based on past historical data with an SHSP goal of reducing fatalities toward the 

ultimate goal of zero deaths. 

Number of Serious Injuries 413.0 

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals. 

The numerical value estimated for the number of serious injuries in 2019 was 

calculated based on past historical data with an SHSP of reducing the number of 

severe accidents for future years. 

Fatality Rate 0.916 

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals. 

The numerical value estimated for the fatality rate in 2019 was calculated based on 

past historical data with an SHSP goal of reducing fatalities toward the ultimate goal 

of zero deaths. 

Serious Injury Rate 3.950 

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals. 

The numerical value estimated for the serious injury rate in 2019 was calculated based 

on past historical data with an SHSP of of reducing the number of severe accidents for 

future years. 

Total Number of Non-Motorized 

Fatalities and Serious Injuries 120.7 

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals. 

The numerical value estimated for the number of non-motorized fatalities and serious 

injuries in 2019 was calculated based on past historical data with an SHSP of reducing 

the number of fatal and severe accidents for future years. Bicyclists and Pedestrians 

Safety is and emphasis area in HDOT's SHSP. 

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Describe efforts to coordinate with other stakeholders (e.g. MPOs, SHSO) to establish safety performance 

targets. 

Last year we held a Safety Target Setting Coordination & Training Workshop sponsored by FHWA and 

NHTSA. Members from the State Highway Safety Office (SHSO), Oahu MPO, Maui MPO, Department of 

Health and Department of Transportation were invited. The instructors assisted our state by providing 

background, requirements and methods for us to use. The performance measures provided in the HSIP report 

match those in the Highway Safety Plan. We have provided our performance measures to the MPOs to assist 

them with developing their performance measures.

Does the State want to report additional optional targets? 

No

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Applicability of Special Rules

Does the HRRR special rule apply to the State for this reporting period? 

No

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Provide the number of older driver and pedestrian fatalities and serious injuries 65 years of age and 

older for the past seven years.

PERFORMANCE 

MEASURES 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Number of Older Driver and 

Pedestrian Fatalities

17 17 17 11 20 20 17

Number of Older Driver and 

Pedestrian Serious Injuries

24 38 32 26 33 43 43
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 30 of 42

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

We have not received all major traffic accidents reports for 2017 from the police departments at this time. 

Since this program does not allow for any blanks in the above table, we have decided to use the previous 

year's number for the serious injuries for older driver and pedestrians to complete this response.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

# of Fatalities and Serious Injuries

Years

Number of Older Driver and Pedestrian Fatalities and Serious Injuries by 

Year.

Fatalities Serious Injuries
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Evaluation

Program Effectiveness

How does the State measure effectiveness of the HSIP?

Benefit/Cost Ratio

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Based on the measures of effectiveness selected previously, describe the results of the State's program 

level evaluations.

If benefit/cost ratio is greater than 1 it is determined to be an indicator of success.

What other indicators of success does the State use to demonstrate effectiveness and success of the 

Highway Safety Improvement Program?

HSIP Obligations 

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

We need to continuously track the completion of HSIP projects to make sure there are no lapsing funds.

Are there any significant programmatic changes that have occurred since the last reporting period? 

Yes

Describe significant program changes that have occurred since the last reporting period.

We are currently addressing the timeliness of our data. Due to previous manpower shortage, it was difficult to 

keep up with the workflow. Although we are still short on manpower, we have reshifted our priorities to 

increase the timeliness of the database. We have selected a vendor through an RFP to replace the existing 

obsolete database and address the data backlog. Data for next year's report should reflect more current data 

years.

Effectiveness of Groupings or Similar Types of Improvements

Present and describe trends in SHSP emphasis area performance measures.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 32 of 42

Year 2017 

SHSP Emphasis Area Targeted Crash 

Type

Number of 

Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Lane Departure 32 0.31

Intersections 27 0.27

Pedestrians 25 0.25

Bicyclists 3 0.03

Motorcyclists 26 0.25

Unable to provide more 

current data at this time
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 33 of 42

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists Unable to

provide more

current data at

this time

Fatalities

Number of Fatalities 

5 Year Average

2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists Unable to

provide more

current data at

this time

Serious Injuries

Number of Serious Injuries 

5 Year Average

2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 34 of 42

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

2017 Serious injury data has not been reported since it is incomplete at this time

Has the State completed any countermeasure effectiveness evaluations during the reporting period?

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists Unable to

provide more

current data at

this time

Fatality Rate

Fatality Rate (per HMVMT) 

5 Year Average

2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists Unable to

provide more

current data at

this time

Serious Injury Rate

Serious Injury Rate (per HMVMT) 

5 Year Average

2009-2013 2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 35 of 42

No

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

HDOT is collaborating with the University of Hawaii to develop a System Roadway Departure Plan. With the 

development of this plan, HDOT hopes to address more systemic safety improvements with proven low-cost 

safety countermeasures. After the plan is complete, HDOT would evaluate the effectiveness of the 

countermeasures.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Project Effectiveness

Provide the following information for previously implemented projects that the State evaluated this reporting period. 

LOCATION FUNCTIONAL 

CLASS

IMPROVEMENT 

CATEGORY

IMPROVEMENT 

TYPE

PDO

BEFORE

PDO

AFTER

FATALITY

BEFORE

FATALITY

AFTER

SERIOUS 

INJURY

BEFORE

SERIOUS 

INJURY

AFTER

ALL OTHER 

INJURY

BEFORE

ALL OTHER 

INJURY

AFTER

TOTAL

BEFORE

TOTAL

AFTER

EVALUATION 

RESULTS

(BENEFIT/COST 

RATIO)

Choose option not 

to report at this 

time

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Are there any other aspects of the overall HSIP effectiveness on which the State would like to elaborate?

Yes

Describe any other aspects of HSIP effectiveness on which the State would like to elaborate.

The State of Hawaii consider fatal and serious injury accidents for all analyses along with the total number of major traffic accidents. We will be working towards providing more of the requested data with next year's submittal.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Compliance Assessment

What date was the State’s current SHSP approved by the Governor or designated State representative?

 01/01/2013 

What are the years being covered by the current SHSP?

From: 2013 To: 2018 

When does the State anticipate completing it’s next SHSP update?

 2019 

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Provide the current status (percent complete) of MIRE fundamental data elements collection efforts using the table below. 

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - SEGMENT

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - INTERSECTION

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - RAMPS LOCAL PAVED ROADS UNPAVED ROADS

MIRE NAME (MIRE NO.) STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE

ROADWAY SEGMENT

Segment Identifier (12) 100 100 100 100 0 0

Route Number (8) 100 100

Route/Street Name (9) 100 100

Federal Aid/Route Type 

(21)

100 100

Rural/Urban Designation 

(20)

100 100 100 100

Surface Type (23) 100 100 100 100

Begin Point Segment 

Descriptor (10)

100 100 100 100 0 0

End Point Segment 

Descriptor (11)

100 100 100 100 0 0

Segment Length (13) 100 100

Direction of Inventory (18) 100 100

Functional Class (19) 100 100 100 100 0 0

Median Type (54) 100 100

Access Control (22) 100 100
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - SEGMENT

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - INTERSECTION

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - RAMPS LOCAL PAVED ROADS UNPAVED ROADS

MIRE NAME (MIRE NO.) STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE

One/Two Way Operations 

(91)

100 100

Number of Through Lanes 

(31)

100 100 100 100

Average Annual Daily 

Traffic (79)

100 100 100 0

AADT Year (80) 100 100

Type of Governmental 

Ownership (4)

100 100 100 100 0 0

INTERSECTION

Unique Junction Identifier 

(120)

0 0

Location Identifier for 

Road 1 Crossing Point 

(122)

0 0

Location Identifier for 

Road 2 Crossing Point 

(123)

0 0

Intersection/Junction 

Geometry (126)

0 0

Intersection/Junction 

Traffic Control (131)

0 0

AADT for Each 

Intersecting Road (79)

0 0

AADT Year (80) 0 0

Unique Approach 

Identifier (139)

0 0

INTERCHANGE/RAMP

Unique Interchange 

Identifier (178)

100 100

Location Identifier for 

Roadway at Beginning of 

Ramp Terminal (197)

100 100

Location Identifier for 

Roadway at Ending Ramp 

Terminal (201)

100 100

Ramp Length (187) 100 100

Roadway Type at 

Beginning of Ramp 

Terminal (195)

0 100

Roadway Type at End 

Ramp Terminal (199)

0 100
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 39 of 42

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - SEGMENT

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - INTERSECTION

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - RAMPS LOCAL PAVED ROADS UNPAVED ROADS

MIRE NAME (MIRE NO.) STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE

Interchange Type (182) 0 100

Ramp AADT (191) 100 100

Year of Ramp AADT (192) 100 100

Functional Class (19) 100 100

Type of Governmental 

Ownership (4)

100 100

Totals (Average Percent 

Complete):

100.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 72.73 100.00 100.00 88.89 0.00 0.00

*Based on Functional Classification

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

One of the members on the TRCC is from the Planning Branch, who maintains the roadway data elements. They are aware of the requirements to have complete MIRE fundamental data elements on all public roads by September 30, 

2026.

Note that all interchange/ramps are state-owned.

Describe actions the State will take moving forward to meet the requirement to have complete access to the MIRE fundamental data elements on all public roads by September 30, 2026.

No actions at this time. 

We suggest the Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) coordinate with MIRE to meet the requirements.

Provide the suspected serious injury identifier, definition and attributes used by the State for both the crash report form and the crash database using the table below. Please also indicate whether or not these elements are 

compliant with the MMUCC 4th edition criteria for data element P5. Injury Status, suspected serious injury. 

CRITERIA SUSPECTED SERIOUS INJURY 

IDENTIFIER(NAME) MMUCC 4TH EDITION COMPLIANT * SUSPECTED SERIOUS INJURY DEFINITION MMUCC 4TH EDITION COMPLIANT * SUSPECTED SERIOUS INJURY ATTRIBUTES(DESCRIPTORS) MMUCC 4TH EDITION COMPLIANT * 

Crash Report Form Incapacitating No N/A No N/A No

Crash Report Form Instruction Manual Incapacitating No Any injury, other than a fatal injury, which 

prevents the injured person from walking, 

driving or normally continuing the activities 

the person was capable of performing 

before the injury occurred. Often defined 

as "needing help from the scene."

No Severe lacerations, broken or distorted 

limbs, skull or chest injuries, abdominal 

injuries, unconsciousness at or when taken 

from the accidents scene, unable to leave 

the accident scene without assistance.

No

Crash Database Incapacitating No N/A No N/A No

Crash Database Data Dictionary Incapacitating No Any injury, other than a fatal injury, which 

prevents the injured person from walking, 

driving or normally continuing the activities 

the person was capable of performing 

before the injury occurred. Often defined as 

"needing help from the scene."

No Severe lacerations, broken or distorted 

limbs, skull or chest injuries, abdominal 

injuries, unconsciousness at or when taken 

from the accidents scene, unable to leave 

the accident scene without assistance.

No

Please describe the actions the State is taking to become compliant by April 15, 2019.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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The revision of the crash report form and the crash report form instruction manual to include new serious injury definitions has been approved by our TRCC and has been sent and approved by our Director of Transportation. Letters to the 

police departments and sheriffs office has been sent for dissemination with an go-live date request of January 1, 2019. 

We are also working with our current vendor to implement database changes according to the revised crash form. 

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

Did the State conduct an HSIP program assessment during the reporting period?

No

When does the State plan to complete it’s next HSIP program assessment.

2018 

Enter additional comments here to clarify your response for this question or add supporting information.

We will be working with our FHWA office to conduct an HSIP program assessment.
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 41 of 42

Optional Attachments

Program Structure:

HSIP report2006.doc

Project Implementation:

Safety Performance:

Evaluation: 

Compliance Assessment:
2018 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 42 of 42

Glossary

5 year rolling 

average 

means the average of five individuals, consecutive annual points of data (e.g. annual 

fatality rate). 

Emphasis area means a highway safety priority in a State’s SHSP, identified through a data-driven, 

collaborative process. 

Highway safety 

improvement 

project 

means strategies, activities and projects on a public road that are consistent with a State 

strategic highway safety plan and corrects or improves a hazardous road location or 

feature or addresses a highway safety problem. 

HMVMT means hundred million vehicle miles traveled. 

Non-infrastructure 

projects 

are projects that do not result in construction. Examples of non-infrastructure projects 

include road safety audits, transportation safety planning activities, improvements in the 

collection and analysis of data, education and outreach, and enforcement activities. 

Older driver special 

rule 

applies if traffic fatalities and serious injuries per capita for drivers and pedestrians over 

the age of 65 in a State increases during the most recent 2-year period for which data are 

available, as defined in the Older Driver and Pedestrian Special Rule Interim Guidance 

dated February 13, 2013. 

Performance 

measure 

means indicators that enable decision-makers and other stakeholders to monitor changes 

in system condition and performance against established visions, goals, and objectives. 

Programmed funds mean those funds that have been programmed in the Statewide Transportation 

Improvement Program (STIP) to be expended on highway safety improvement projects. 

Roadway 

Functional 

Classification 

means the process by which streets and highways are grouped into classes, or systems, 

according to the character of service they are intended to provide. 

Strategic Highway 

Safety Plan (SHSP) 

means a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary plan, based on safety data developed by a 

State Department of Transportation in accordance with 23 U.S.C. 148. 

Systematic refers to an approach where an agency deploys countermeasures at all locations across a 

system. 

Systemic safety 

improvement 

means an improvement that is widely implemented based on high risk roadway features 

that are correlated with specific severe crash types. 

Transfer 

means, in accordance with provisions of 23 U.S.C. 126, a State may transfer from an 

apportionment under section 104(b) not to exceed 50 percent of the amount apportioned 

for the fiscal year to any other apportionment of the State under that section.