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HAWAII

2019 ANNUAL REPORT
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Table of Contents

Table of Contents.................................................................................................................................. 2

Disclaimer ............................................................................................................................................. 3

Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 4

Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 5

Program Structure................................................................................................................................. 5

Program Administration..................................................................................................................... 5

Program Methodology ....................................................................................................................... 7

Project Implementation .......................................................................................................................10

Funds Programmed.........................................................................................................................10

General Listing of Projects ..............................................................................................................12

Safety Performance ............................................................................................................................14

General Highway Safety Trends......................................................................................................14

Safety Performance Targets............................................................................................................20

Applicability of Special Rules...........................................................................................................21

Evaluation ...........................................................................................................................................23

Program Effectiveness ....................................................................................................................23

Effectiveness of Groupings or Similar Types of Improvements .......................................................23

Project Effectiveness.......................................................................................................................27

Compliance Assessment.....................................................................................................................28
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Disclaimer

Protection of Data from Discovery Admission into Evidence

23 U.S.C. 148(h)(4) states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, 

lists, or data compiled or collected for any purpose relating to this section[HSIP], shall not be subject 

to discovery or admitted into evidence in a Federal or State court proceeding or considered for other 

purposes in any action for damages arising from any occurrence at a location identified or addressed 

in the reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or other data.”

23 U.S.C. 409 states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, lists, 

or data compiled or collected for the purpose of identifying, evaluating, or planning the safety 

enhancement of potential accident sites, hazardous roadway conditions, or railway-highway 

crossings, pursuant to sections 130, 144, and 148 of this title or for the purpose of developing any 

highway safety construction improvement project which may be implemented utilizing Federal-aid 

highway funds shall not be subject to discovery or admitted into evidence in a Federal or State court 

proceeding or considered for other purposes in any action for damages arising from any occurrence 

at a location mentioned or addressed in such reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or data.”
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Executive Summary

State of Hawaii 2019 U.S.C. 148(g) Annual Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) report.
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Introduction

The Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) is a core Federal-aid program with the purpose of 

achieving a significant reduction in fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads. As per 23 U.S.C. 

148(h) and 23 CFR 924.15, States are required to report annually on the progress being made to 

advance HSIP implementation and evaluation efforts. The format of this report is consistent with the 

HSIP Reporting Guidance dated December 29, 2016 and consists of five sections: program structure, 

progress in implementing highway safety improvement projects, progress in achieving safety 

outcomes and performance targets, effectiveness of the improvements and compliance assessment.

Program Structure

Program Administration

Describe the general structure of the HSIP in the State. 

HDOT uses the Number-Rate (N-R) Method, which establishes a minimum crash frequency and accounts for 

exposure. Listings for intersection locations on State roadways use a minimum criteria for a 3-year period and 

listings for non-intersection locations on State roadways use sliding 0.3-mile segments with a minimum criteria 

for a 3-year period. This method uses the best availability of required data and is manageable by our limited 

manpower.

Locations identified by the N-R method will be further analyzed in a Benefit-Cost (B/C) analysis procedure by 

incorporating crash costs established by FHWA and crash reduction factors (CRF). The crash costs will assign 

more weight to fatal and high severity crashes.

Project Prioritization and Selection uses the annual High-Accident Listings, which ranks the locations by crash 

rates, and injury severity to determine possible project locations. Project locations where existing, planned or 

recently completed projects are already addressing concerns are eliminated. Appropriate countermeasures for 

each location are determined, preliminary estimates for improvements are computed, CRFs are selected, and 

Benefit/Cost (B/C) ratios to prioritize individual listings are calculated.

“HSIP Field Investigation” of candidate projects are conducted using HSIP Field Investigation procedures and 

involving the following parties: Traffic Safety engineers, District engineers and maintenance workers, Traffic 

Design engineers, and the police. Field investigations of existing conditions are conducted to better understand 

deficiencies. Projects are selected to initiate based on revised scope of work and B/C. If funds are available, 

additional projects are selected according to overall priority. Note that projects may also be initiated if identified 

as priority according to the Hawaii Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP).

Project Evaluation uses 3 year before and after crash history. Evaluation data is submiited to FHWA through 

the online HSIP reporting tool annually. 

Where is HSIP staff located within the State DOT? 

 Engineering

HSIP staff is located in the Hawaii State Department of Transportation, Highways Division, Traffic Branch, 

Traffic Safety Section.
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How are HSIP funds allocated in a State? 

• Other-Central Office

High accident listings and accident data for county roads are submitted to the county offices for internal design 

use. Local agencies can submit project proposals to be considered on the Statewide Transportation 

Improvement Program (STIP) and the projects can be funded through the HSIP funds if they are cost-effective. 

In addition, High Risk Rural Roads Program (HRRRP) Funds are offered to the counties for project proposals 

and consideration.

HSIP funds for State roadway projects are divided among the 4 different counties.

All projects are submitted through the Traffic Safety Section.

Describe how local and tribal roads are addressed as part of HSIP. 

High accident listings and accident data for county roads are submitted to the county offices for internal design 

use. Local agencies can submit project proposals to be considered on the Statewide Transportation 

Improvement Program (STIP) and the projects can be funded through HSIP funds if they are cost-effective. In 

addition, HRRRP Funds are offered to the counties.

Hawaii does not have any tribal roads.

Identify which internal partners (e.g., State departments of transportation (DOTs) 

Bureaus, Divisions) are involved with HSIP planning. 

• Design

• Maintenance

• Operations

• Planning

• Traffic Engineering/Safety

• Other-Highway Safety Office assists with the management of non-infrastructure HSIP funds.

Describe coordination with internal partners. 

The HSIP projects are initiated through the analysis of crash data and traffic volume counts obtained by the 

Planning Branch. The HSIP project locations are evaluated to determine if other projects submitted by internal 

partners (Design, Planning, Maintenance, or Operations) can be coordinated or project scope can be 

incorporated within existing projects.

Internal partners assist with project selection preparation of preliminary project scope through field 

investigations. Partners from the offices of design, maintenance and law enforcement (external) participate in 

the preliminary project scope.

Identify which external partners are involved with HSIP planning. 

• Local Government Agency 

• Other-Police departments
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Police department representatives have participated in preliminary project scoping through field investigations. 

Their input on enforcement and knowledge of the area are instrumental to the overall traffic safety 

recommendations.

Local government agencies would be involved when projects on local roads are proposed.

Describe coordination with external partners. 

HSIP projects can be initiated through review of high accident listings and accident data for county roads 

submitted to the county offices. Local agencies can submit project proposals to be considered on the STIP.

Police department officers are requested to participate in field investigation of potential HSIP project locations. 

They provide personal knowledge of the area and can make safety recommendations that my be incorporated 

within HSIP projects.

Describe other aspects of HSIP Administration on which the State would like to 

elaborate. 

Statewide projects are submitted to be considered on the STIP. 

Focus is more on corridor low-cost safety improvements versus black spots.

Program Methodology

Does the State have an HSIP manual or similar that clearly describes HSIP planning, 

implementation and evaluation processes? 

Yes

FileName:

HSIP report2006.doc

Select the programs that are administered under the HSIP. 

• HRRR

Program: HRRR

Date of Program Methodology:9/9/2006

What is the justification for this program? 

• FHWA focused approach to safety

What is the funding approach for this program? 

Funding set-aside

What data types were used in the program methodology? 

Crashes Exposure Roadway 
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Fatal and serious injury crashes only Lane miles Functional classification 

What project identification methodology was used for this program? 

• Crash frequency

• Crash rate

Are local roads (non-state owned and operated) included or addressed in this 

program? 

Yes

Are local road projects identified using the same methodology as state roads? 

No

Describe the methodology used to identify local road projects as part of this program. 

Methodology for local roads use the crash frequency because of the lack of traffic volume data. 

Methodology for State roads use the crash rate.

How are projects under this program advanced for implementation? 

• Other-Submitted to be included in the STIP. Follow with collaboration with the Districts.

Select the processes used to prioritize projects for implementation. For the methods 

selected, indicate the relative importance of each process in project prioritization. 

Enter either the weights or numerical rankings. If weights are entered, the sum must 

equal 100. If ranks are entered, indicate ties by giving both processes the same rank 

and skip the next highest rank (as an example: 1, 2, 2, 4). 

Rank of Priority Consideration 

Ranking based on B/C:2

Available funding:1

Cost Effectiveness:3

What percentage of HSIP funds address systemic improvements? 

 75

 HSIP funds are used to address which of the following systemic improvements? 

• Install/Improve Pavement Marking and/or Delineation

• Rumble Strips

What process is used to identify potential countermeasures? 

• Crash data analysis

• Engineering Study

Does the State HSIP consider connected vehicles and ITS technologies? 
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No

Does the State use the Highway Safety Manual to support HSIP efforts?

No

HDOT will be implementing Highway Safety Manual (HSM) Predictive Methodology into our system. The 

implementation will include loading and massaging the roadway feature data, setting up the libraries, 

processing, and performing HSM processing to determine Crash Modification Factors (CMF)s, Expected 

Crashes, Safety Index scores based upon HSM predictive method, Safety Comparable Index, and Safety 

Rating. Completion of this implementation is expected next year.

Describe other aspects of the HSIP methodology on which the State would like to 

elaborate. 

During this period, run off roadway and median crossover type accidents were targeted. HDOT is currently 

focusing on reducing fatalities and serious injury type accidents by implementing cost-effective safety 

improvement projects along corridors with a history of these types of accidents. In Hawaii, these types of 

accidents have a greater potential of reducing fatalities and serious injury accidents cost-effectively, in 

comparison to "black spot" type projects. HDOT is collaborating with the University of Hawaii to develop a 

Systemic Roadway Departure Plan. With the development of this plan, HDOT hopes to address more systemic 

safety improvements with proven low-cost safety countermeasures.
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Project Implementation

Funds Programmed

Reporting period for HSIP funding. 

Federal Fiscal Year

Enter the programmed and obligated funding for each applicable funding category. 

FUNDING CATEGORY PROGRAMMED OBLIGATED % 

OBLIGATED/PROGRAMMED

HSIP (23 U.S.C. 148) $9,762,755 $1,025,313 10.5%

HRRR Special Rule (23 

U.S.C. 148(g)(1))

$0 $0 0%

Penalty Funds (23 U.S.C. 

154)

$2,638,475 $2,638,475 100%

Penalty Funds (23 U.S.C. 

164)

$2,638,475 $2,638,475 100%

RHCP (for HSIP 

purposes) (23 U.S.C. 

130(e)(2))

$1,200,000 $3,126,370 260.53%

Other Federal-aid Funds 

(i.e. STBG, NHPP)

$0 $0 0%

State and Local Funds $0 $0 0%

Totals $16,239,705 $9,428,633 58.06%

The penalty transfer is impacting the HSIP core obligation rate. Our administration plans to introduce 

legislation to attain compliance. 

We would like to have more projects initiated and assigned for design and construction. There is an inability of 

design staff to handle the workload. Areas such as: 106, right-of-way, and environmental requirements delay 

projects.

The obligated percentage is based on the latest project status report available. We anticipate obligating more 

HSIP funds before the end of FFY19.

How much funding is programmed to local (non-state owned and operated) or tribal 

safety projects?

0%

How much funding is obligated to local or tribal safety projects? 

0%

HSIP funds are available to the local agencies for safety projects, as requested.

How much funding is programmed to non-infrastructure safety projects? 

$2,710,950
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How much funding is obligated to non-infrastructure safety projects? 

$2,710,950

How much funding was transferred in to the HSIP from other core program areas 

during the reporting period under 23 U.S.C. 126? 

$0

How much funding was transferred out of the HSIP to other core program areas during 

the reporting period under 23 U.S.C. 126? 

$0

Discuss impediments to obligating HSIP funds and plans to overcome this challenge in 

the future. 

The penalty transfer is impacting the HSIP core obligation rate. We would like to have more projects initiated 

and assigned for design and construction. We plan on utilizing IDIQ type contracts to facilitate the 

implementation of cost-effective safety improvements.

Describe any other aspects of the State’s progress in implementing HSIP projects on 

which the State would like to elaborate. 

Progress of all HSIP projects is monitored very closely. HSIP program staff follow-up with project managers 

and fiscal staff on a regular basis to track project schedules and make adjustments and modifications to the 

program to minimize the potential for lapsing funds, as well as spend HSIP funds efficiently.
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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General Listing of Projects

List the projects obligated using HSIP funds for the reporting period. 

PROJECT 

NAME

IMPROVEMENT 

CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY OUTPUTS OUTPUT TYPE

HSIP 

PROJECT 

COST($)

TOTAL 

PROJECT 

COST($)

FUNDING 

CATEGORY

LAND 

USE/AREA 

TYPE

FUNCTIONAL 

CLASSIFICATION AADT SPEED OWNERSHIP

METHOD 

FOR SITE 

SELECTION

SHSP 

EMPHASIS 

AREA

SHSP 

STRATEGY

Maui 

Installation of 

Enhanced 

Pavement 

Marking and 

New Milled 

Rumble Strips

Roadway Roadway - other 2.46 Miles $130713.46 RHCP (for 

HSIP 

purposes) 

(23 U.S.C. 

130(e)(2))

Urban Principal ArterialOther17,690 30 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane 

Departure

Implement lowcost safety 

countermeasure

Kamehameha 

Highway 

Safety 

Improvements, 

Waikane 

Valley Road to 

the Vicinity of 

Kahekili 

Highway

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

2.7 Miles $81495 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Urban Principal ArterialOther0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane 

Departure

Install Rumble 

Strips

State of Hawaii 

Advanced 

Crash Analysis 

(SHACA)

Noninfrastructure Data/traffic 

records

$820550 Penalty 

Funds (23 

U.S.C. 164)

N/A N/A 0 Data Improve 

timeliness of 

crsah reports 

and linkage of 

crash data

Maui 

Installation of 

Enhanced 

Pavement 

Marking and 

New Milled 

Rumble Strips

Roadway Roadway - other 2.46 Miles $16858.98 RHCP (for 

HSIP 

purposes) 

(23 U.S.C. 

130(e)(2))

Urban Principal ArterialOther17,690 30 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane 

Departure

Implement lowcost safety 

countermeasure

Statewide - 

State Planning 

Program 

FF2019

Noninfrastructure Transportation 

safety planning

$1130000 Penalty 

Funds (23 

U.S.C. 154)

Multiple/Varies Multiple/Varies 0 Data Use crash data 

sources to 

identify high-risk 

locations.

Statewide - 

State Planning 

Program 

FF2019

Noninfrastructure Transportation 

safety planning

$760400 Penalty 

Funds (23 

U.S.C. 154)

Multiple/Varies Multiple/Varies 0 Data Use crash data 

sources to 

identify high-risk 

locations.

Oahu 

Installation of 

Enhanced 

Pavement 

Marking and 

New Rumble 

Strip

Roadway Roadway - other 13.7 Miles $3873338.49 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Urban Principal ArterialInterstate0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane 

Departure

Implement lowcost safety 

countermeasure
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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PROJECT 

NAME

IMPROVEMENT 

CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY OUTPUTS OUTPUT TYPE

HSIP 

PROJECT 

COST($)

TOTAL 

PROJECT 

COST($)

FUNDING 

CATEGORY

LAND 

USE/AREA 

TYPE

FUNCTIONAL 

CLASSIFICATION AADT SPEED OWNERSHIP

METHOD 

FOR SITE 

SELECTION

SHSP 

EMPHASIS 

AREA

SHSP 

STRATEGY

Maui 

Installation of 

Enhanced 

Pavement 

Marking and 

New Milled 

Rumble Strips

Roadway Roadway - other 1.45 Miles $307707.85 RHCP (for 

HSIP 

purposes) 

(23 U.S.C. 

130(e)(2))

Urban Principal ArterialOther29,300 45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane 

Departure

Implement lowcost safety 

countermeasure

Piilani 

Highway 

Safety 

Improvements, 

North Kihei 

Road to 

Vicinity of 

Wailea Ike 

Drive

Roadway Rumble strips - 

center

7.3 Miles $1708488.71 RHCP (for 

HSIP 

purposes) 

(23 U.S.C. 

130(e)(2))

Urban Principal ArterialOther0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane 

Departure

Install Rumble 

Strips

Oahu 

Installation of 

Enhanced 

Pavement 

Marking and 

New Rumble 

Strip

Roadway Roadway - other $1123730.60 RHCP (for 

HSIP 

purposes) 

(23 U.S.C. 

130(e)(2))

Multiple/Varies Multiple/Varies 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane 

Departure

Install Rumble 

Strips

Interstate 

Route H-1 

Safety 

Improvements, 

Palailai 

Interchange to 

Waiawa 

Overpass

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

9.1 Miles $1123730.60 Penalty 

Funds (23 

U.S.C. 164)

Urban Principal ArterialInterstate0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane 

Departure

Install Rumble 

Strips
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Safety Performance

General Highway Safety Trends

Present data showing the general highway safety trends in the State for the past five 

years.

PERFORMANCE 

MEASURES 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Fatalities 113 100 125 102 95 93 120 107 117

Serious Injuries 354 378 441 488 512 458 412 407 396

Fatality rate (per 

HMVMT)

1.131 1.004 1.251 1.010 0.933 0.908 1.136 0.997 1.075

Serious injury rate (per 

HMVMT)

3.542 3.795 4.412 4.833 5.028 4.472 3.900 3.792 3.637

Number non-motorized 

fatalities

29 25 28 27 32 30 32 21 46

Number of nonmotorized serious 

injuries

76 68 72 100 92 91 102 70 48
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0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Annual Fatalities

Fatalities 5 Year Rolling Avg.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Annual Serious Injuries

Serious Injuries 5 Year Rolling Avg.
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0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Fatality rate (per HMVMT)

Fatality rate (per HMVMT) 5 Year Rolling Avg.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Serious injury rate (per HMVMT)

Serious injury rate (per HMVMT) 5 Year Rolling Avg.
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Please note that serious injury data for 2018 is incomplete. The numbers presented are what is available at 

this time. 

We are working with the vendors of the different police agencies to obtain the missing data. Next year's report 

shall be more complete.

Figures in the 2018 serious injuries, serious injury rate, and number of non-motorized serious injuries in the 5 

year average table and the annual table are based on data available.

Describe fatality data source. 

FARS

To the maximum extent possible, present this data by functional classification and 

ownership. 

Year 2018

Functional 

Classification

Number of Fatalities

 (5-yr avg)

Number of Serious 

Injuries

 (5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

 (5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

(per HMVMT)

 (5-yr avg)

Rural Principal 

Arterial (RPA) - 

Interstate

Rural Principal 

Arterial (RPA) - Other 

Freeways and 

Expressways

Rural Principal 

Arterial (RPA) - Other

16.2 0.15

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Non Motorized Fatalities and Serious Injuries

Fatalities Serious Injuries 5 Year Rolling Avg.
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Functional 

Classification

Number of Fatalities

 (5-yr avg)

Number of Serious 

Injuries

 (5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

 (5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

(per HMVMT)

 (5-yr avg)

Rural Minor Arterial 3 0.03

Rural Minor Collector

Rural Major Collector

Rural Local Road or 

Street

0.8 0.01

Urban Principal 

Arterial (UPA) - 

Interstate

5.6 0.05

Urban Principal 

Arterial (UPA) - Other 

Freeways and 

Expressways

Urban Principal 

Arterial (UPA) - Other

45.6 0.43

Urban Minor Arterial 25.2 0.24

Urban Minor Collector

Urban Major Collector

Urban Local Road or 

Street

3.2 0.03
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Year 2018

Roadways Number of Fatalities

 (5-yr avg)

Number of Serious

Injuries

 (5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

 (5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

(per HMVMT)

 (5-yr avg)

State Highway 

Agency

72.2 0.68

County Highway 

Agency

34.2 32.51

Town or Township 

Highway Agency

City or Municipal 

Highway Agency

State Park, Forest, or 

Reservation Agency

Local Park, Forest or 

Reservation Agency

Other State Agency

Other Local Agency

Private (Other than 

Railroad)

Railroad

State Toll Authority

Local Toll Authority

Other Public 

Instrumentality (e.g. 

Airport, School, 

University)

Indian Tribe Nation

We are currently addressing the accuracy of our data. Although the backlog of data has been addressed, we 

are working with our vendor on quality control. The jurisdiction and ownership is something that is presently 

being worked on. Data for next year's report should reflect more complete and current data.

Provide additional discussion related to general highway safety trends. 

We are currently addressing the accuracy of our data. During this FFY we are working with our vendor to 

address quality control of the backlog that was recently entered. Data for next year's report should reflect more 

current data years as the development of the database is currently underway.
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Safety Performance Targets

Safety Performance Targets 

Calendar Year 2020 Targets *

Number of Fatalities:100.8

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

The numerical value estimated for the number of fatalities in 2020 was calculated based on past 

historical data with an SHSP goal of reducing fatalities toward the ultimate goal of zero deaths.

Number of Serious Injuries:401.4

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

The numerical value estimated for the number of serious injuries in 2020 was calculated based on 

past historical data with an SHSP goal of reducing the number of severe accidents for future years.

Fatality Rate:0.935

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

The numerical value estimated for the number of fatality rate in 2020 was calculated based on past 

historical data with an SHSP goal of reducing fatalities toward the ultimate goal of zero deaths.

Serious Injury Rate:3.721

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

The numerical value estimated for the number of serious injury rate in 2020 was calculated based on 

past historical data with an SHSP goal of reducing the number of severe accidents for future years.

Total Number of Non-Motorized Fatalities and Serious Injuries:101.8

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

The numerical value estimated for the number of non-motorized fatalities and serious injuries in 2020 

was calculated based on past historical data with an SHSP goal of reducing the number of fatal and 

severe accidents for future years. Bicyclists and Pedestrians Safety is an emphasis area in HDOT's 

SHSP.

The value for the fatality rate for the HSP performance target should be changed to .935 to match the 

performance target submitted above.
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Describe efforts to coordinate with other stakeholders (e.g. MPOs, SHSO) to establish 

safety performance targets. 

The numbers in the HSIP report should match the numbers in the HSP. However, when entering the data in 

this ORT, I was unable to edit the value for the fatality rate. The value should be .935 to match the HSP. We 

provided data last year to Oahu Metropolitan Planning Organization (OMPO) to assist them in reporting their 

performance targets.

Members of the OMPO and SHSO are on the SHSP committee where we collaboratively agree to future goals.

Does the State want to report additional optional targets? 

No

Describe progress toward meeting the State’s 2018 Safety Performance Targets (based 

on data available at the time of reporting). For each target, include a discussion of any 

reasons for differences in the actual outcomes and targets. 

The number of serious injuries, serious injury rate and non-motorized fatalities and serious injuries have 

decreased from the projected 2018 Safety Performance Targets based on data available at this time of 

reporting. With the change in the title of serious injury on the motor vehicle accident report, it may have brought 

about uncertainty on the definition of a serious injury. We are working with a representative from the 

Department of Health through the Traffic Records Coordinating Committee to explain the differences in the 

types of injuries and the value in reporting injuries accurately.

The number of fatalities and fatality rate has increased from the projected 2018 Safety Performance Targets. 

The number of pedestrian fatalities in 2018 accounted for around 38% of the total fatalities. The number of 

pedestrian fatalities almost tripled from 2017 to 2018. This has brought us to focus on pedestrian safety and 

implementing plans and countermeasures to increase safety.

Applicability of Special Rules

Does the HRRR special rule apply to the State for this reporting period? 

No 

Although the number of fatality rate on rural roads has increased over the most recent 2-year period, we do not 

feel the HRRR special rule should apply.

The number of fatalities on rural major and minor collectors and rural local roads went from zero in 2015, 2016

and 2017 to one in 2018.

The fatality that occurred in 2018 involved a single vehicle collision This vehicle was stopped on a grassy 

shoulder and the driver who exited the vehicle tried to stop it as it started to move forward. The vehicle door hit 

a tree and trapped him as it collided into a tree. Although this is a very unfortunate event, we do not know of 

any countermeasure that could be applied to have prevented this accident.

Provide the number of older driver and pedestrian fatalities and serious injuries 65 

years of age and older for the past seven years. 

PERFORMANCE 

MEASURES 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Number of Older Driver 

and Pedestrian Fatalities

17 11 20 13 20 17 24
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PERFORMANCE 

MEASURES 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Number of Older Driver 

and Pedestrian Serious 

Injuries

32 26 33 34 43 34 34

2018 Serious injury data has not been reported since it is incomplete at this time.

Since this program requires 7 years of data in the table above, we have decided to use the previous year's 

number for the serious injuries for older driver and pedestrians to complete this response.
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Evaluation

Program Effectiveness

How does the State measure effectiveness of the HSIP? 

• Benefit/Cost Ratio

Based on the measures of effectiveness selected previously, describe the results of 

the State's program level evaluations. 

If benefit/cost ratio is greater than 1 it is determined to be an indicator of success.

What other indicators of success does the State use to demonstrate effectiveness and 

success of the Highway Safety Improvement Program? 

• HSIP Obligations

We need to continuously track the completion of HSIP projects to make sure there are no lapsing funds.

Effectiveness of Groupings or Similar Types of Improvements

Present and describe trends in SHSP emphasis area performance measures. 

Year 2018

SHSP Emphasis Area Targeted Crash 

Type

Number of 

Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of 

Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury 

Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Lane Departure 36.4 0.34

Intersections 29.8 0.28

Pedestrians 29.2 0.27

Bicyclists 3 0.03

Motorcyclists 26.8 0.25
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 24 of 32

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists

Fatalities

Number of Fatalities 

5 Year Average

2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017 2014-2018

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists

Serious Injuries

Number of Serious Injuries 

5 Year Average

2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017 2014-2018
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 25 of 32

2018 serious injury data has not been reported since it is incomplete at this time.

Has the State completed any countermeasure effectiveness evaluations during the 

reporting period? 

No

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists

Fatality Rate

Fatality Rate (per HMVMT) 

5 Year Average

2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017 2014-2018

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists

Serious Injury Rate

Serious Injury Rate (per HMVMT) 

5 Year Average

2010-2014 2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017 2014-2018
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 26 of 32

HDOT is collaborating with the University of Hawaii to develop a Systemic Roadway Departure Plan. With the 

development of the plan, HDOT plans to address more systemic safety improvements with proven low-cost 

safety countermeasures. After the plan is complete, HDOT would evaluate the effectiveness of the 

countermeasures.
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 27 of 32

Project Effectiveness

Provide the following information for previously implemented projects that the State evaluated this reporting period. 

LOCATION FUNCTIONAL 

CLASS

IMPROVEMENT 

CATEGORY

IMPROVEMENT 

TYPE

PDO

BEFORE

PDO

AFTER

FATALITY

BEFORE

FATALITY

AFTER

SERIOUS 

INJURY

BEFORE

SERIOUS 

INJURY

AFTER

ALL OTHER 

INJURY

BEFORE

ALL OTHER 

INJURY

AFTER

TOTAL

BEFORE

TOTAL

AFTER

EVALUATION 

RESULTS

(BENEFIT/COST 

RATIO)

Choose option 

not to report at 

this time

Describe any other aspects of HSIP effectiveness on which the State would like to elaborate. 

The State of Hawaii considers fatal and serious injury accidents for all analyses along with the total number of major traffic accidents. We will be working towards providing more of the requested data with next year's submittal as our 

database becomes more complete and accurate.
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 28 of 32

Compliance Assessment

What date was the State’s current SHSP approved by the Governor or designated State representative? 

 01/01/2013

What are the years being covered by the current SHSP? 

From: 2013 To: 2018

When does the State anticipate completing it’s next SHSP update? 

 2019

Provide the current status (percent complete) of MIRE fundamental data elements collection efforts using the table below. 

ROAD TYPE MIRE NAME (MIRE 

NO.)

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - SEGMENT

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - INTERSECTION

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - RAMPS LOCAL PAVED ROADS UNPAVED ROADS

NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE

ROADWAY SEGMENT Segment Identifier 

(12)

100 100 100 100

Route Number (8) 100 100

Route/Street Name 

(9)

100 100

Federal Aid/Route 

Type (21)

100 100

Rural/Urban 

Designation (20)

100 100 100 100

Surface Type (23) 100 100 100 100

Begin Point 

Segment Descriptor 

(10)

100 100 100 100

End Point Segment 

Descriptor (11)

100 100 100 100

Segment Length 

(13)

100 100

Direction of 

Inventory (18)

100 100

Functional Class 

(19)

100 100 100 100

Median Type (54) 100 100

Access Control (22) 100 100
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 29 of 32

ROAD TYPE MIRE NAME (MIRE 

NO.)

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - SEGMENT

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - INTERSECTION

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - RAMPS LOCAL PAVED ROADS UNPAVED ROADS

NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE

One/Two Way 

Operations (91)

100 100

Number of Through 

Lanes (31)

100 100 100 100

Average Annual 

Daily Traffic (79)

100 100 100

AADT Year (80) 100 100

Type of 

Governmental 

Ownership (4)

100 100 100 100

INTERSECTION Unique Junction 

Identifier (120)

Location Identifier 

for Road 1 Crossing 

Point (122)

Location Identifier 

for Road 2 Crossing 

Point (123)

Intersection/Junction 

Geometry (126)

Intersection/Junction 

Traffic Control (131)

AADT for Each 

Intersecting Road 

(79)

AADT Year (80)

Unique Approach 

Identifier (139)

INTERCHANGE/RAMP Unique Interchange 

Identifier (178)

100 100

Location Identifier 

for Roadway at 

Beginning of Ramp 

Terminal (197)

100 100

Location Identifier 

for Roadway at 

Ending Ramp 

Terminal (201)

100 100

Ramp Length (187) 100 100
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 30 of 32

ROAD TYPE MIRE NAME (MIRE 

NO.)

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - SEGMENT

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - INTERSECTION

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - RAMPS LOCAL PAVED ROADS UNPAVED ROADS

NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE

Roadway Type at 

Beginning of Ramp 

Terminal (195)

100

Roadway Type at 

End Ramp Terminal 

(199)

100

Interchange Type 

(182)

100

Ramp AADT (191) 100 100

Year of Ramp AADT 

(192)

100 100

Functional Class 

(19)

100 100

Type of 

Governmental 

Ownership (4)

100 100

Totals (Average Percent Complete): 100.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 72.73 100.00 100.00 88.89 0.00 0.00

*Based on Functional Classification

No changes according to our Planning Branch, who collects and manages the data.

Describe actions the State will take moving forward to meet the requirement to have complete access to the MIRE fundamental data elements on all public roads by September 30, 2026. 

No actions at this time.

We suggest the Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) coordinates with MIRE to meet the requirements.

Did the State conduct an HSIP program assessment during the reporting period? 

No

We will work together with FHWA to coordinate an assessment.

When does the State plan to complete its next HSIP program assessment.

2019
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 31 of 32

Optional Attachments

Program Structure:

HSIP report2006.doc

Project Implementation:

Safety Performance:

Evaluation:

Compliance Assessment:
2019 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 32 of 32

Glossary

5 year rolling average: means the average of five individuals, consecutive annual points of data 

(e.g. annual fatality rate).

Emphasis area: means a highway safety priority in a State’s SHSP, identified through a data-driven, 

collaborative process.

Highway safety improvement project: means strategies, activities and projects on a public road 

that are consistent with a State strategic highway safety plan and corrects or improves a hazardous 

road location or feature or addresses a highway safety problem.

HMVMT: means hundred million vehicle miles traveled.

Non-infrastructure projects: are projects that do not result in construction. Examples of noninfrastructure projects include road safety audits, transportation safety planning activities, 

improvements in the collection and analysis of data, education and outreach, and enforcement 

activities.

Older driver special rule: applies if traffic fatalities and serious injuries per capita for drivers and 

pedestrians over the age of 65 in a State increases during the most recent 2-year period for which 

data are available, as defined in the Older Driver and Pedestrian Special Rule Interim Guidance 

dated February 13, 2013.

Performance measure: means indicators that enable decision-makers and other stakeholders to 

monitor changes in system condition and performance against established visions, goals, and 

objectives.

Programmed funds: mean those funds that have been programmed in the Statewide Transportation 

Improvement Program (STIP) to be expended on highway safety improvement projects.

Roadway Functional Classification: means the process by which streets and highways are 

grouped into classes, or systems, according to the character of service they are intended to provide.

Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP): means a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary plan, based on 

safety data developed by a State Department of Transportation in accordance with 23 U.S.C. 148.

Systematic: refers to an approach where an agency deploys countermeasures at all locations across 

a system.

Systemic safety improvement: means an improvement that is widely implemented based on high 

risk roadway features that are correlated with specific severe crash types.

Transfer: means, in accordance with provisions of 23 U.S.C. 126, a State may transfer from an 

apportionment under section 104(b) not to exceed 50 percent of the amount apportioned for the fiscal 

year to any other apportionment of the State under that section.