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HAWAII 

2022 ANNUAL REPORT 

Disclaimer: This report is the property of the State Department of Transportation (State DOT). The State DOT 

completes the report by entering applicable information into the Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA) Highway 

Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) online reporting tool. Once the State DOT completes the report pertaining to its 

State, it coordinates with its respective FHWA Division Office to ensure the report meets all legislative and regulatory 

requirements. FHWA’s Headquarters Office of Safety then downloads the State’s finalized report and posts it to the 

website (https://highways.dot.gov/safety/hsip/reporting) as required by law (23 U.S.C. 148(h)(3)(A)). 
2022 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Table of Contents

Disclaimer .............................................................................................................................................3

Protection of Data from Discovery Admission into Evidence .............................................................3

Executive Summary ..............................................................................................................................4

Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................5

Program Structure ................................................................................................................................. 5

Program Administration .....................................................................................................................5

Program Methodology .......................................................................................................................7

Project Implementation .......................................................................................................................10

Funds Programmed .........................................................................................................................10

General Listing of Projects ..............................................................................................................12

Safety Performance ............................................................................................................................15

General Highway Safety Trends ......................................................................................................15

Safety Performance Targets............................................................................................................21

Applicability of Special Rules ...........................................................................................................23

Evaluation ...........................................................................................................................................24

Program Effectiveness ....................................................................................................................24

Effectiveness of Groupings or Similar Types of Improvements .......................................................24

Project Effectiveness .......................................................................................................................28

Compliance Assessment ....................................................................................................................29

Optional Attachments ..........................................................................................................................32

Glossary ..............................................................................................................................................33
2022 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Disclaimer

Protection of Data from Discovery Admission into Evidence 

23 U.S.C. 148(h)(4) states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or 

data compiled or collected for any purpose relating to this section[HSIP], shall not be subject to discovery or 

admitted into evidence in a Federal or State court proceeding or considered for other purposes in any action 

for damages arising from any occurrence at a location identified or addressed in the reports, surveys, 

schedules, lists, or other data.” 

23 U.S.C. 407 states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or data 

compiled or collected for the purpose of identifying, evaluating, or planning the safety enhancement of potential 

accident sites, hazardous roadway conditions, or railway-highway crossings, pursuant to sections 130, 144, 

and 148 of this title or for the purpose of developing any highway safety construction improvement project 

which may be implemented utilizing Federal-aid highway funds shall not be subject to discovery or admitted 

into evidence in a Federal or State court proceeding or considered for other purposes in any action for 

damages arising from any occurrence at a location mentioned or addressed in such reports, surveys, 

schedules, lists, or data.” 
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Executive Summary

State of Hawaii 2022 U.S.C. 148(g) Annual Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) report. 

The primary objective of HDOT's HSIP is to incorporate highway safety to reduce the number and severity of 

fatalities and injuries involving motor vehicle crashes. This goal is in line with Hawaii's SHSP. 

The HSIP process for HDOT involves collecting all major traffic crash data, analyzing the data, proposing 

safety improvement projects, and evaluating the benefits from the projects. HDOT has moved away from 

addressing hot spot locations and toward systemic locations. This process allows better allocation of funds on 

a proactive approach. 

With the implementation of the Highway Safety Manual and the Safety Management System, HDOT is working 

towards greater safety benefits from projects based on predictive methods and risk factors.
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Introduction

The Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) is a core Federal-aid program with the purpose of achieving 

a significant reduction in fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads. As per 23 U.S.C. 148(h) and 23 CFR 

924.15, States are required to report annually on the progress being made to advance HSIP implementation 

and evaluation efforts. The format of this report is consistent with the HSIP Reporting Guidance dated 

December 29, 2016 and consists of five sections: program structure, progress in implementing highway safety 

improvement projects, progress in achieving safety outcomes and performance targets, effectiveness of the 

improvements and compliance assessment.

Program Structure

Program Administration 

Describe the general structure of the HSIP in the State. 

HDOT uses the Number-Rate (N-R) Method, which establishes a minimum crash frequency and accounts for 

exposure. Listings for intersection locations on State roadways use a minimum criteria for a 3-year period and 

listings for non-intersection locations on State roadways use sliding 0.3-mile segments with a minimum criteria 

for a 3-year period. This method uses the best availability of required data and is manageable by our limited 

manpower. 

Locations identified by the N-R method will be further analyzed in a Benefit-Cost (B/C) analysis procedure by 

incorporating crash costs established by FHWA and crash reduction factors (CRF). The crash costs will assign 

more weight to fatal and high severity crashes. 

Project Prioritization and Selection uses the annual High-Crash Listings, which ranks the locations by crash 

rates, and injury severity to determine possible project locations. Project locations where existing, planned or 

recently completed projects are already addressing concerns are eliminated. Appropriate countermeasures for 

each location are determined, preliminary estimates for improvements are computed, CRFs are selected, and 

Benefit/Cost (B/C) ratios to prioritize individual listings are calculated. 

“HSIP Field Investigation” of candidate projects are conducted using HSIP Field Investigation procedures and 

involving the following parties: Traffic Safety engineers, District engineers and maintenance workers, Traffic 

Design engineers, and the police. Field investigations of existing conditions are conducted to better understand 

deficiencies. Projects are selected to initiate based on revised scope of work and B/C. If funds are available, 

additional projects are selected according to overall priority. Note that projects may also be initiated if identified 

as priority according to the Hawaii Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP). 

Project Evaluation uses 3 year before and after crash history. Evaluation data is submitted to FHWA through 

the online HSIP reporting tool annually. 

Where is HSIP staff located within the State DOT? 

 Engineering

HSIP staff is located in the Hawaii State Department of Transportation, Highways Division, Traffic Branch, 

Traffic Safety Section 
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How are HSIP funds allocated in a State? 

• Other-Central Office 

High crash listings and crash data for county roads are submitted to the county offices for internal design use. 

Local agencies can submit project proposals to be considered on the Statewide Transportation Improvement 

Program (STIP) and the projects can be funded through the HSIP funds if they are cost-effective. In addition, 

High Risk Rural Roads Program (HRRRP) Funds are offered to the counties for project proposals and 

consideration. 

HSIP funds for State roadway projects are divided among the 4 different counties. 

All projects are submitted through the Traffic Safety Section. 

Describe how local and tribal roads are addressed as part of HSIP. 

High crash listings and crash data for county roads are submitted to the county offices for internal design use. 

Local agencies can submit project proposals to be considered on the Statewide Transportation Improvement 

Program (STIP) and the projects can be funded through HSIP funds if they are cost-effective. In addition, 

HRRRP Funds are offered to the counties.

Hawaii does not have any tribal roads. 

Identify which internal partners (e.g., State departments of transportation (DOTs) 

Bureaus, Divisions) are involved with HSIP planning. 

• Design 

• Maintenance 

• Operations 

• Planning 

• Traffic Engineering/Safety 

• Other-Highway Safety Office 

Other-The Highway Safety Office is a partner in the HSIP process. They assist with setting the performance 

targets. They also assist with the planning of the HSIP through the collaboration of the development of the 

SHSP.

Describe coordination with internal partners. 

The HSIP projects are initiated through the analysis of crash data and traffic volume counts obtained by the 

Planning Branch. The HSIP project locations are evaluated to determine if other projects submitted by internal 

partners (Design, Planning, Maintenance, or Operations) can be coordinated or project scope can be 

incorporated within existing projects. 

Internal partners assist with project selection preparation of preliminary project scope through field 

investigations. Partners from the offices of design, maintenance and law enforcement (external) participate in 

the preliminary project scope.
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Identify which external partners are involved with HSIP planning. 

• Local Government Agency 

• Other-Police departments 

Police department representatives have participated in preliminary project scoping through field investigations. 

Their input on enforcement and knowledge of the area are instrumental to the overall traffic safety 

recommendations. 

Local government agencies would be involved when projects on local roads are proposed. 

Describe coordination with external partners. 

HSIP projects can be initiated through review of high crash listings and crash data for county roads submitted 

to the county offices. Local agencies can submit project proposals to be considered on the STIP. 

Police department officers are requested to participate in field investigation of potential HSIP project locations. 

They provide personal knowledge of the area and can make safety recommendations that may be incorporated 

within HSIP projects. 

Describe other aspects of HSIP Administration on which the State would like to 

elaborate. 

Statewide projects are submitted to be considered on the STIP. 

Focus is more on corridor low-cost safety improvements versus black spots. 

Program Methodology 

Does the State have an HSIP manual or similar that clearly describes HSIP planning, 

implementation and evaluation processes? 

Yes 

Select the programs that are administered under the HSIP. 

• HRRR 

Program: HRRR

Date of Program Methodology:9/9/2006

What is the justification for this program? 

• FHWA focused approach to safety

What is the funding approach for this program? 

Funding set-aside
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What data types were used in the program methodology? 

Crashes Exposure Roadway 

• Fatal and serious injury crashes 

only • Lane miles • Functional classification

What project identification methodology was used for this program? 

• Crash frequency

• Crash rate

Are local roads (non-state owned and operated) included or addressed in this 

program?

Yes

Are local road projects identified using the same methodology as state roads?

No

Describe the methodology used to identify local road projects as part of this program.

Methodology for local roads use the crash frequency because of the lack of traffic volume data. 

Methodology for State roads use the crash rate.

How are projects under this program advanced for implementation?

• Other-Submitted to be included in the STIP. Follow with collaboration with the Districts.

Select the processes used to prioritize projects for implementation. For the methods 

selected, indicate the relative importance of each process in project prioritization. 

Enter either the weights or numerical rankings. If weights are entered, the sum must 

equal 100. If ranks are entered, indicate ties by giving both processes the same rank 

and skip the next highest rank (as an example: 1, 2, 2, 4).

Rank of Priority Consideration

Ranking based on B/C:2

Available funding:1

Cost Effectiveness:3

What percentage of HSIP funds address systemic improvements? 

 94

 HSIP funds are used to address which of the following systemic 

improvements? 

• Rumble Strips 
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What process is used to identify potential countermeasures? 

• Crash data analysis 

• Engineering Study 

Does the State HSIP consider connected vehicles and ITS technologies? 

No

Does the State use the Highway Safety Manual to support HSIP efforts? 

No

HDOT will be implementing Highway Safety Manual (HSM) Predictive Methodology into our system. The 

implementation will include loading and massaging the roadway feature data, setting up the libraries, 

processing, and performing HSM processing to determine Crash Modification Factors (CMF)s, Expected 

Crashes, Safety Index scores based upon HSM predictive method, Safety Comparable Index, and Safety 

Rating. Completion of this implementation is expected this year. 

Describe other aspects of the HSIP methodology on which the State would like to 

elaborate. 

During this period, run off roadway and median crossover type crashes were targeted. HDOT is currently 

focusing on reducing fatalities and serious injury type crashes by implementing cost-effective safety 

improvement projects along corridors with a history of these types of crashes. In Hawaii, these types of 

crashes have a greater potential of reducing fatalities and serious injury crashes cost-effectively, in comparison 

to "black spot" type projects. HDOT has collaborated with the University of Hawaii to develop a Systemic 

Roadway Departure Plan. With the development of this plan, HDOT hopes to address more systemic safety 

improvements with proven low-cost safety countermeasures.
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Project Implementation

Funds Programmed 

Reporting period for HSIP funding. 

Federal Fiscal Year

Enter the programmed and obligated funding for each applicable funding category. 

FUNDING CATEGORY PROGRAMMED OBLIGATED % 

OBLIGATED/PROGRAMMED

HSIP (23 U.S.C. 148) $12,232,710 $17,763,138 145.21%

HRRR Special Rule (23 

U.S.C. 148(g)(1))

$0 $0 0%

Penalty Funds (23 U.S.C. 

154)

$3,099,755 $3,099,755 100%

Penalty Funds (23 U.S.C. 

164)

$3,099,755 $3,099,755 100%

RHCP (for HSIP 

purposes) (23 U.S.C. 

130(e)(2))

$1,225,000 $0 0%

Other Federal-aid Funds 

(i.e. STBG, NHPP)

$0 $0 0%

State and Local Funds $0 $0 0%

Totals $19,657,220 $23,962,648 121.9%

The penalty transfer is impacting the HSIP core obligation rate. Our administration plans to introduce 

legislation to attain compliance.

We would like to have more projects initiated and assigned for design and construction. There is an inability of 

design staff to handle the workload. Areas such as: 106, right-of-way, and environmental requirements delay 

projects. 

The obligated percentage is based on the latest project status report available. 

How much funding is programmed to local (non-state owned and operated) or tribal 

safety projects? 

0%

How much funding is obligated to local or tribal safety projects? 

0%

HSIP funds are available to the local agencies for safety projects, as requested. 

How much funding is programmed to non-infrastructure safety projects? 

$1,921,848
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How much funding is obligated to non-infrastructure safety projects?

$1,921,848

How much funding was transferred in to the HSIP from other core program areas 

during the reporting period under 23 U.S.C. 126?

0%

How much funding was transferred out of the HSIP to other core program areas during 

the reporting period under 23 U.S.C. 126?

0%

Discuss impediments to obligating HSIP funds and plans to overcome this challenge in 

the future.

The penalty transfer is impacting the HSIP core obligation rate. We would like to have more projects initiated 

and assigned for design and construction. We plan on utilizing IDIQ type contracts to facilitate the 

implementation of cost-effective safety improvements.

Describe any other aspects of the State’s progress in implementing HSIP projects on 

which the State would like to elaborate. 

Progress of all HSIP projects is monitored very closely. HSIP program staff follow-up with project managers 

and fiscal staff on a regular basis to track project schedules and make adjustments and modifications to the 

program to minimize the potential for lapsing funds, as well as spend HSIP funds efficiently.
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General Listing of Projects 

List the projects obligated using HSIP funds for the reporting period. 

PROJECT 

NAME

IMPROVEMENT 

CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY OUTPUTS OUTPUT 

TYPE

HSIP 

PROJECT 

COST($)

TOTAL 

PROJECT 

COST($)

FUNDING 

CATEGORY

LAND 

USE/AREA 

TYPE

FUNCTIONAL 

CLASSIFICATION AADT SPEED OWNERSHIP

METHOD 

FOR SITE 

SELECTION

SHSP 

EMPHASIS 

AREA

SHSP 

STRATEGY

H1 Safety 

Improvements, 

Palailai 

Interchange to 

Waiawa 

Overpass

Roadway Rumble strips – 

edge or shoulder

9 Miles $0 $5907689 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Urban Principal ArterialInterstate222,000 55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

HI State 

Installation 

and 

replacement of 

signs at 

various 

locations, 

Hawaii

Roadway signs 

and traffic 

control

Roadway signs 

(including post) - 

new or updated

Signs $0 $406302 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Multiple/Varies Multiple/Varies 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic All types of 

highway 

signs 

addressing 

lane 

departure, 

intersection, 

pedestrian, 

etc.

Improve roadway 

infrastructure to 

increase safety

HI State 

Pavement 

marking 

repairs and 

rumble strip 

installation at 

various 

locations, 

Hawaii

Roadway Rumble strips – 

edge or shoulder

Miles $0 $913998 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Multiple/Varies Minor Arterial 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes.

Mamalahoa 

Highway 

Safety 

Improvements, 

MP 96.0 to MP 

105.3, vicinity 

of Kaohe Rd 

and vicinity of 

Bruner Rd (P)

Roadway Rumble strips – 

edge or shoulder

9.3 Miles $0 $62667 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Rural Minor Arterial 6,367 35 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

Mamalahoa 

Highway 

Safety 

Improvements, 

MP 3.9 to MP 

6.9

Roadway Rumble strips – 

edge or shoulder

3 Miles $0 $2962408 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Rural Minor Arterial 6,563 50 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

Mamalahoa 

Highway 

Safety 

Improvements, 

Roadway Rumble strips – 

edge or shoulder

7.8 Miles $0 $188287 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Rural Minor Arterial 6,200 50 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 
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PROJECT 

NAME

IMPROVEMENT 

CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY OUTPUTS OUTPUT TYPE

HSIP 

PROJECT 

COST($)

TOTAL 

PROJECT 

COST($)

FUNDING 

CATEGORY

LAND 

USE/AREA 

TYPE

FUNCTIONAL 

CLASSIFICATION AADT SPEED OWNERSHIP

METHOD 

FOR SITE 

SELECTION

SHSP 

EMPHASIS 

AREA

SHSP 

STRATEGY

MP 17.9 to MP 

20.8 and MP 

21.3 to 26.2, 

vicinity of 

Puuanahulu 

(P)

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

HON - 

Installation of 

Enhanced 

pavement 

marking and 

new milled 

rumble strip at 

various 

locations

Roadway Rumble strips – 

edge or shoulder

Miles $0 $8771034 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Urban Multiple/Varies 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

Piilani Hwy 

Safety 

Improvements, 

N Kihei Rd to 

vicinity of 

Wailea Ike Dr

Roadway Rumble strips – 

edge or shoulder

7.1 Miles $0 $815319 RHCP (for 

HSIP 

purposes) 

(23 U.S.C. 

130(e)(2))

Urban Principal ArterialOther42,400 45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

Kauai 

Installation of 

enhanced 

pavement 

marking and 

new milled 

rumble strips 

at various 

locations

Roadway Rumble strips – 

edge or shoulder

Miles $0 $41665 Penalty 

Funds (23 

U.S.C. 154)

Multiple/Varies Multiple/Varies 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

Kamehameha 

Hwy Safety 

Improvements, 

Waikane Rd to 

the vicinity of 

Kahekili Hwy 

Roadway Rumble strips – 

edge or shoulder

2.7 Miles $0 $2972 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Urban Principal ArterialOther16,500 35 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Lane 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

Maui 

Installation of 

enhanced 

pavement 

marking and 

new milled 

rumble strips 

Roadway Rumble strips – 

edge or shoulder

Miles $0 $1651632 Penalty 

Funds (23 

U.S.C. 164)

Multiple/Varies Multiple/Varies 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

Farrington 

Hwy 

Resurfacing, 

Roadway Rumble strips – 

edge or shoulder

5.5 Miles $0 $193355 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Multiple/Varies Multiple/Varies 1,900 45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 
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PROJECT 

NAME

IMPROVEMENT 

CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY OUTPUTS OUTPUT TYPE

HSIP 

PROJECT 

COST($)

TOTAL 

PROJECT 

COST($)

FUNDING 

CATEGORY

LAND 

USE/AREA 

TYPE

FUNCTIONAL 

CLASSIFICATION AADT SPEED OWNERSHIP

METHOD 

FOR SITE 

SELECTION

SHSP 

EMPHASIS 

AREA

SHSP 

STRATEGY

vicinity of Kili 

dr to Satellite 

Tracking 

Station Rd 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

State of Hawaii 

Advanced 

Crash Analysis

Miscellaneous Data analysis $0 $759760 Penalty 

Funds (23 

U.S.C. 164)

N/A N/A 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Data Improve linkage 

and integration of 

data

State Planning 

and Research 

Program

Miscellaneous Transportation 

safety planning

$0 $275426 Penalty 

Funds (23 

U.S.C. 154)

Multiple/Varies Multiple/Varies 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Data Improve linkage 

and integration of 

data
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Safety Performance

General Highway Safety Trends 

Present data showing the general highway safety trends in the State for the past five 

years. 

PERFORMANCE 

MEASURES 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Fatalities 102 95 93 120 107 117 108 85 94

Serious Injuries 459 503 504 437 405 356 574 485 546

Fatality rate (per 

HMVMT)

1.010 0.933 0.908 1.136 0.997 1.075 0.984 0.969 0.952

Serious injury rate (per 

HMVMT)

4.545 4.940 4.921 4.137 3.774 3.270 5.230 5.528 5.529

Number non-motorized 

fatalities

27 32 30 32 21 46 41 25 29

Number of nonmotorized serious 

injuries

82 87 94 102 87 82 126 110 109
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0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Annual Fatalities

Fatalities 5 Year Rolling Avg.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Annual Serious Injuries

Serious Injuries 5 Year Rolling Avg.
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0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Fatality rate (per HMVMT)

Fatality rate (per HMVMT) 5 Year Rolling Avg.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Serious injury rate (per HMVMT)

Serious injury rate (per HMVMT) 5 Year Rolling Avg.
2022 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Describe fatality data source. 

FARS

To the maximum extent possible, present this data by functional classification and 

ownership. 

Year 2021

Functional 

Classification

Number of Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

 (per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Rural Principal 

Arterial (RPA) - 

Interstate

Rural Principal 

Arterial (RPA) - Other 

Freeways and 

Expressways

Rural Principal 

Arterial (RPA) - Other

3.8 19.2 0.04 0.19

Rural Minor Arterial 9.4 23 0.09 0.23

Rural Minor Collector 1.8 0.2 0.02 0

Rural Major Collector 2.2 6.6 0.02 0.07

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Non Motorized Fatalities and Serious Injuries

Fatalities Serious Injuries 5 Year Rolling Avg.
2022 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Functional 

Classification

Number of Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

 (per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Rural Local Road or 

Street

3.4 0.4 0.03 0

Urban Principal 

Arterial (UPA) - 

Interstate

7.2 40 0.07 0.4

Urban Principal 

Arterial (UPA) - Other 

Freeways and 

Expressways

4.4 13.2 0.04 0.13

Urban Principal 

Arterial (UPA) - Other

23.8 112.4 0.27 1.11

Urban Minor Arterial 15.6 29.2 0.15 0.29

Urban Minor Collector 3.2 1.8 0.03 0.02

Urban Major Collector 13.4 7.6 0.13 0.07

Urban Local Road or 

Street

9.8 2.8 0.09 0.03
2022 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Year 2021

Roadways Number of Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

 (per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

State Highway 

Agency

64.4 214.6 0.63 2.09

County Highway 

Agency

37.6 230.6 0.37 2.28

Town or Township 

Highway Agency

City or Municipal 

Highway Agency

State Park, Forest, or 

Reservation Agency

Local Park, Forest or 

Reservation Agency

Other State Agency

Other Local Agency

Private (Other than 

Railroad)

Railroad

State Toll Authority

Local Toll Authority

Other Public 

Instrumentality (e.g. 

Airport, School, 

University)

Indian Tribe Nation

Provide additional discussion related to general highway safety trends. 

We are currently addressing the accuracy of our data. We are working with our vendor to address quality 

control of the backlog that was entered and the new data coming in. Data for next year's report should reflect 

more accurate data as the development of the database is currently underway. 
2022 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Safety Performance Targets

Safety Performance Targets

Calendar Year 2023 Targets *

Number of Fatalities:103.0

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

This performance target was determined by using a linear trend line based on the 2017-2021 five-year moving 

average data and an analysis of external factors, including the updated Hawaii SHSP; Vision Zero Plans 

developed and implemented in each county; planned roadway infrastructure safety improvement projects; and 

safety impacts of proposed grants.

This performance target is identical to the performance target in the state's HSP and is the result of 

collaborative efforts.

Number of Serious Injuries:506.0

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

This performance target was determined by using a linear trend line based on the 2011-2021 five-year moving 

average data and an analysis of external factors, including the updated Hawaii SHSP; Vision Zero Plans 

developed and implemented in each county; planned roadway infrastructure safety improvement projects; and 

safety impacts of proposed grants. Implementation of the newly revised Motor Vehicle Accident Report 

(MVAR) is also expected to impact the number of serious traffic injuries because of the change in terminology 

from "incapacitating injury" to "suspected serious injury" and a potential increase in crash reporting. This 

performance target is identical to the performance target in the state's HSP and is the result of collaborative 

efforts.

Fatality Rate:1.057

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

This performance target was determined by using a linear trend line based on the 2017-2021 five-year moving 

average data and an analysis of external factors, including impacts from COVID-19 and shelter-in-place 

orders; the updated Hawaii SHSP; Vision Zero Plans developed and implemented in each county; planned 

roadway infrastructure safety improvement projects; and safety impacts of proposed grants. This performance 

target is identical to the performance target in the state's HSP and is the 

result of collaborative efforts.

Serious Injury Rate:5.032

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

This performance target was determined by using a linear trend line based on the 2011-2021 five-year moving 

average data and an analysis of external factors, including impacts from COVID-19 and shelter-in-place 

orders; the updated Hawaii SHSP; Vision Zero Plans developed and implemented in each county; planned 

roadway infrastructure safety improvement projects; and safety impacts of proposed grants. Implementation of 

the newly revised Motor Vehicle Accident Report (MVAR) is also expected to impact the number of serious 
2022 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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traffic injuries because of the change in terminology from "incapacitating injury" to "suspected serious injury" 

and a potential increase in crash reporting.

Total Number of Non-Motorized Fatalities and Serious Injuries:142.4

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

This performance target was determined by using a linear trend line based on the 2017-2021 five-year moving 

average data and an analysis of external factors, including impacts from COVID-19 and shelter-in-place 

orders; the updated Hawaii SHSP; Vision Zero Plans developed and implemented in each county; planned 

roadway infrastructure safety improvement projects; and safety impacts of proposed grants. Implementation of 

the newly revised Motor Vehicle Accident Report (MVAR) is also expected to impact the number of serious 

traffic injuries because of the change in terminology from "incapacitating injury" to "suspected serious injury" 

and a potential increase in crash reporting.

Describe efforts to coordinate with other stakeholders (e.g. MPOs, SHSO) to establish 

safety performance targets. 

The numbers in the HSIP report should match the numbers in the HSP. We also shared the safety 

performance targets with Oahu Metropolitan Planning Organization (OMPO) to assist them in reporting their 

performance targets.

The performance targets are the result of collaborative efforts.

Does the State want to report additional optional targets? 

No

Describe progress toward meeting the State’s 2021 Safety Performance Targets (based 

on data available at the time of reporting). For each target, include a discussion of any 

reasons for differences in the actual outcomes and targets.

PERFORMANCE MEASURES TARGETS ACTUALS

Number of Fatalities 103.0 102.2

Number of Serious Injuries 427.0 473.2

Fatality Rate 0.968 0.995

Serious Injury Rate 3.912 4.666

Non-Motorized Fatalities and 

Serious Injuries

136.8 135.2

Although fatalities and serious injuries were lower than pre pandemic numbers, it was not enough to meet our 

optimistic goals. Since Hawaii DOT has not met our targets last year, an HSIP Implementation Plan was 

developed for the second time. 

Revision of the Motor Vehicle Accident Report (MVAR) has shown an increased impact on the number of 

serious traffic injuries because of the change in terminology from "incapacitating injury" to "suspected serious 

injury". Honolulu Police Department, which is the largest law enforcement agency in Hawaii, implemented the 

form at the beginning of 2019. This can be seen in the large increase in serious injuries for 2019.
2022 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Applicability of Special Rules

Does the HRRR special rule apply to the State for this reporting period? 

No

Provide the number of older driver and pedestrian fatalities and serious injuries 65 

years of age and older for the past seven years.

PERFORMANCE 

MEASURES 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Number of Older Driver 

and Pedestrian Fatalities

13 20 17 24 18 13 16

Number of Older Driver 

and Pedestrian Serious 

Injuries

34 43 34 44 48 25 44
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Evaluation

Program Effectiveness 

How does the State measure effectiveness of the HSIP? 

• Change in fatalities and serious injuries 

Based on the measures of effectiveness selected previously, describe the results of 

the State's program level evaluations. 

Program effectiveness can be measured by the change in the number of fatalities and serious injuries. 

Completed projects are desired to have a decrease in the number and severity of crashes, usually 3 years 

before compared to 3 years after completion. 

What other indicators of success does the State use to demonstrate effectiveness and 

success of the Highway Safety Improvement Program? 

• HSIP Obligations 

We need to continuously track the completion of HSIP projects to make sure there are no lapsing funds.

Effectiveness of Groupings or Similar Types of Improvements 

Present and describe trends in SHSP emphasis area performance measures. 

Year 2021

SHSP Emphasis Area Targeted Crash 

Type

Number of 

Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of 

Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

 (per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury 

Rate

 (per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Lane Departure Run-off-road 39.6 152.4 0.38 1.51

Intersections Intersections 29.6 110.4 0.29 1.08

Pedestrians Vehicle/pedestrian 28.4 84.2 0.27 0.83

Bicyclists Vehicle/bicycle 4 18.6 0.04 0.18

Motorcyclists Other (define) 26.2 122.6 0.26 1.2
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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists

Fatalities

Number of Fatalities 

5 Year Average

2013-2017 2014-2018 2015-2019 2016-2020 2017-2021

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists

Serious Injuries

Number of Serious Injuries 

5 Year Average

2013-2017 2014-2018 2015-2019 2016-2020 2017-2021
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Lane Departure - Run off road and cross centerline 

Motorcyclists - Motorcycles, mopeds, and motorscooters 

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists

Fatality Rate

Fatality Rate (per HMVMT) 

5 Year Average

2013-2017 2014-2018 2015-2019 2016-2020 2017-2021

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists

Serious Injury Rate

Serious Injury Rate (per HMVMT) 

5 Year Average

2013-2017 2014-2018 2015-2019 2016-2020 2017-2021
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Has the State completed any countermeasure effectiveness evaluations during the 

reporting period?

No

HDOT has collaborated with the University of Hawaii to develop a Systemic Roadway Departure Plan. With the 

development of the plan, HDOT plans to address more systemic safety improvements with proven low-cost 

safety countermeasures. The plan is still under review. HDOT will evaluate the effectiveness of the 

countermeasures.
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Project Effectiveness

Provide the following information for previously implemented projects that the State evaluated this reporting period. 

Describe any other aspects of HSIP effectiveness on which the State would like to elaborate.

The State of Hawaii considers fatal and serious injury crashes for all analyses along with the total number of major traffic crashes. We will be working towards providing more of the requested data with next year's submittal as our 

database becomes more complete and accurate.
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Compliance Assessment

What date was the State’s current SHSP approved by the Governor or designated State representative? 

 11/20/2019

What are the years being covered by the current SHSP? 

From: 2019 To: 2024

When does the State anticipate completing it’s next SHSP update? 

 2025

Provide the current status (percent complete) of MIRE fundamental data elements collection efforts using the table below. 

*Based on Functional Classification (MIRE 1.0 Element Number) [MIRE 2.0 Element Number]

ROAD TYPE *MIRE NAME (MIRE 

NO.)

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - SEGMENT

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - INTERSECTION

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - RAMPS LOCAL PAVED ROADS UNPAVED ROADS

STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE

ROADWAY SEGMENT Segment Identifier 

(12) [12]

100 100 100 100

Route Number (8) 

[8]

100 100

Route/Street Name 

(9) [9]

100 100

Federal Aid/Route 

Type (21) [21]

100 100

Rural/Urban 

Designation (20) [20]

100 100 100 100

Surface Type (23) 

[24]

100 100 100 100

Begin Point 

Segment Descriptor 

(10) [10]

100 100 100 100

End Point Segment 

Descriptor (11) [11]

100 100 100 100

Segment Length 

(13) [13]

100 100

Direction of 

Inventory (18) [18]

100 100

Functional Class 

(19) [19]

100 100 100 100

Median Type (54) 

[55]

100 100
2022 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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ROAD TYPE *MIRE NAME (MIRE 

NO.)

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - SEGMENT

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - INTERSECTION

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - RAMPS LOCAL PAVED ROADS UNPAVED ROADS

STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE

Access Control (22) 

[23]

100 100

One/Two Way 

Operations (91) [93]

100 100

Number of Through 

Lanes (31) [32]

100 100 100 100

Average Annual 

Daily Traffic (79) [81]

100 100 100

AADT Year (80) [82] 100 100

Type of 

Governmental 

Ownership (4) [4]

100 100 100 100

INTERSECTION Unique Junction 

Identifier (120) [110]

Location Identifier 

for Road 1 Crossing 

Point (122) [112]

Location Identifier 

for Road 2 Crossing 

Point (123) [113]

Intersection/Junction 

Geometry (126) 

[116]

Intersection/Junction 

Traffic Control (131) 

[131]

AADT for Each 

Intersecting Road 

(79) [81]

AADT Year (80) [82]

Unique Approach 

Identifier (139) [129]

INTERCHANGE/RAMP Unique Interchange 

Identifier (178) [168]

100 100

Location Identifier 

for Roadway at 

Beginning of Ramp 

Terminal (197) [187]

100 100
2022 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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ROAD TYPE *MIRE NAME (MIRE 

NO.)

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - SEGMENT

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - INTERSECTION

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - RAMPS LOCAL PAVED ROADS UNPAVED ROADS

STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE

Location Identifier 

for Roadway at 

Ending Ramp 

Terminal (201) [191]

100 100

Ramp Length (187) 

[177]

100 100

Roadway Type at 

Beginning of Ramp 

Terminal (195) [185]

100

Roadway Type at 

End Ramp Terminal 

(199) [189]

100

Interchange Type 

(182) [172]

100

Ramp AADT (191) 

[181]

100 100

Year of Ramp AADT 

(192) [182]

100 100

Functional Class 

(19) [19]

100 100

Type of 

Governmental 

Ownership (4) [4]

100 100

Totals (Average Percent Complete): 100.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 72.73 100.00 100.00 88.89 0.00 0.00

*Based on Functional Classification (MIRE 1.0 Element Number) [MIRE 2.0 Element Number]

Describe actions the State will take moving forward to meet the requirement to have complete access to the MIRE fundamental data elements on all public roads by September 30, 2026. 

No actions at this time. 

We are working with the Planning Branch to address more MIRE elements.
2022 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Optional Attachments

Program Structure:

HSIP report2015.pdf

Project Implementation:

Safety Performance:

Evaluation:

Compliance Assessment:
2022 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Glossary

5 year rolling average: means the average of five individuals, consecutive annual points of data 

(e.g. annual fatality rate).

Emphasis area: means a highway safety priority in a State’s SHSP, identified through a data-driven, 

collaborative process.

Highway safety improvement project: means strategies, activities and projects on a public road 

that are consistent with a State strategic highway safety plan and corrects or improves a hazardous 

road location or feature or addresses a highway safety problem.

HMVMT: means hundred million vehicle miles traveled.

Non-infrastructure projects: are projects that do not result in construction. Examples of noninfrastructure projects include road safety audits, transportation safety planning activities, 

improvements in the collection and analysis of data, education and outreach, and enforcement 

activities.

Older driver special rule: applies if traffic fatalities and serious injuries per capita for drivers and 

pedestrians over the age of 65 in a State increases during the most recent 2-year period for which 

data are available, as defined in the Older Driver and Pedestrian Special Rule Interim Guidance 

dated February 13, 2013.

Performance measure: means indicators that enable decision-makers and other stakeholders to 

monitor changes in system condition and performance against established visions, goals, and 

objectives.

Programmed funds: mean those funds that have been programmed in the Statewide Transportation 

Improvement Program (STIP) to be expended on highway safety improvement projects.

Roadway Functional Classification: means the process by which streets and highways are 

grouped into classes, or systems, according to the character of service they are intended to provide.

Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP): means a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary plan, based on 

safety data developed by a State Department of Transportation in accordance with 23 U.S.C. 148.

Systematic: refers to an approach where an agency deploys countermeasures at all locations across 

a system.

Systemic safety improvement: means an improvement that is widely implemented based on high 

risk roadway features that are correlated with specific severe crash types.

Transfer: means, in accordance with provisions of 23 U.S.C. 126, a State may transfer from an 

apportionment under section 104(b) not to exceed 50 percent of the amount apportioned for the fiscal 

year to any other apportionment of the State under that section.