sheets of steel airplane runway mats placed over 3/4-inch reinforcing rod that
is welded to the support frame, A railing or fence surrounds the grill to keep
weeds confined until they are dry and can be burned.

IB2-2


COMPRESSED-AIR WEED SPRAYER

The compressed-air weed sprayer mounted in a 4-wheel drive vehicle
has been used successfully by personnel of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant
Quarantine in hilly or in mountainous country for barberry control work, Sev-
eral hundred feet of 1/4-inch neoprene hose is used to reach isolated weed
patches in areas where the vehicle cannot be driven, Photo courtesy of Bureau
of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, 301 Metropolitan Building, Minneapolis 1,

Minnesota,
Construction Details:

(1) Opening into 60 gallon tank
for filling with solutions
or emulsions (suspensions
cannot be used as agitation
in tanks has not been pro-
vided.)

(2) Outlet valves on each end of
tank insures discharge re-
gardless of quantity of
material in reservoir or
the slant of the truck bed,
Each outlet pipe extends
almost to bottom of the
tank,

(3) Two outlet connections to
1/4 inch feeder hose,

IA10-1

(4)
(5)
(8)
(7)
(8)

(9)

Snap-on-type connectors are
Adjustable pressure regulator
Line filter
Compressor

Air-cooled gasoline engine

Air tank safety or relief
valve,

Air pressure gauge


SCRAPER FOR CLEANING WEEDS AND SEDIMENT FROM SMALL DITCHES

Removal of weed-infested berms and wind-blown or water-deposited
soil from small ditches is a laborious task that often is done by hand. To
mechanize this operation, Bureau of Reclamation personnel on the Orland
Project, Orland, California, have designed and constructed this trailer-
mounted winch-scoop to rapidly clean small-sized ditches.

Construction Details:

The main unit of the machine consists of a three-drum winch powered
by a gasoline engine, Fixed upright standards are attached firmly to one end
of the steel frame which is mounted crosswise upon a four-wheel trailer, The
standards are used for the attachment and support of the light boom.

Operation of the machine is similar to a dragline, except that the unit
is mounted rigidly and will not swing. A light scraper with a fixed handle on
each end is guided by two men in the ditch, The hoist line from one drum is
used to dump and return the scraper and a cable from the other drum serves as
a dragline,

IB4-1




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LONGITUDINAL SECTION
WEED TRAP DETAILS

UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
BUREAU OF RECLAMATION
PAYETTE Div.- BOISE PROJU.- IDAHO

WEED TRAP
O- LINE CANAL ~ MP 23

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TRAILER-MOUNTED WEED SPRAYER-BURNER

Units of this size and design have proved very useful for spraying or
burning undesirable weed growths on farm ditches, along fence lines, and
other waste places, Similar light compact machines can be used advanta-
geously on irrigation projects which have narrow and inaccessible ditchbank
operating roads, The tank, engine and pump combination, and boom pedestal
can be constructed as one unit on a frame which is detachable from the trailer.

A positive means of agitation has been included in later models of
this machine, A sprayer with an agitator is required for successful applica-
tion of oil-water mixes, emulsions, suspensions, and for proper stirring of
most herbicides or insecticides with the diluent being used,

This unit was designed and constructed by personnel of the Lower
Colorado River Indian Agency, Parker, Arizona,

Construction Details:

A small gasoline engine was used to drive the pump on the unit pic-
tured, but other models have the pump attached to the tractor power take-off
shaft.

A gear, piston, or centrifugal pump which develops from 40 to 90
pounds pressure per square inch is satisfactory for spraying, but for burning
higher pressures are preferred, A pressure regulator and pressure unloader
should be installed with the pump so discharge to the nozzles is constant and
unvarying,

IAT7-1


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IA6-6



WEED TRAP

An effective and economical way of collecting floating material such
as Russian thistles in the irrigation system may be accomplished by a weed
trap similar to the unit designed and constructed on the Payette Division,
Boise Project, Boise, Idaho, Regardless of quantity of plants collected or
the resulting damming effect, the water will not overflow the banks as the
weed trap is located in a by-pass channel into which the floating material is
directed by a log boom, Weeds floating in the system are forced up the in-
clined grating by the current where they subsequently are burned,

An article "Weed Trap'' was featured in the January 1947 issue of the
Reclamation Era,

Construction Details:

The rack is constructed of railroad rails 30 feet long and placed with
flat side up and held in place by spacers which are far enough below the canal
grade to keep floating weeds from collecting against the ends of the rails. A
cross member holds the upper end of the sloping rails about 1 foot above high-
water line, A grill supported by an iron frame levels off from the sloping rails
and covers the entire width of the ditch, The grill itself is made from

IB2-1


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1A6-0
AMPHIBIOUS SPRAYER-BURNER

Basically this sprayer-burner is similar in design to the foregoing
truck-mounted sprayer except that the unit is mounted in a 2-1/2-ton "DUKW"
amphibious vehicle, The unit can be operated from the water as a boat or from
the ditchbank road as a land vehicle, Construction details of this machine were
outlined in the article "Building a Duck" that was included in the October 1946,
issue of Reclamation Era, This sprayer-burner was designed and constructed
for use by personnel of the All-American Canal Project, Yuma, Arizona,

Construction Details:

The unit was constructed primarily as a burner to clear undesirable
weeds from the All-American Canal ditchbanks but, as chemical weed control
largely has replaced burning, the unit now is used primarily as a sprayer.
Working from the water the "duck" moves close to the bank, or it can operate
from the ditchbank to spray or burn where the weeds are not more than 30 feet
down the slope from the operating road, When operating in the water the
burning is especially efficient as the heat races up the ditchbank to consume
the vegetation,

IA6-1


Construction Details:

The two sprayers are shown in Photograph "'b'' to indicate how several
additional parts will make the machine a more serviceable unit, A brief de-
scription of the numbered parts of the sprayer is as follows:

(1) Feed line from tank to filter is
1/4-inch neoprene hose

(2) Standard Ford gasoline line sediment bowl

(3) Gear Pump (1/8-inch Oberdorfer, Oberdorfer
Foundries, Incorporated, Syracuse, New York

(4) Pressure relief valve

(5) Neoprene 1/4-inch hose from relief valve to
bottom of tank

(6) Pressure control valve (C. A, Norgren Company,
222 Santa Fe Drive, Denver 9, Colorado)

(7) Pressure gage
(8) Outlet shut-off valve

(9) The 2-cycle air cooled gasoline engine is constructed of
aluminum and weighs 17 pounds, (Power Products Model
1000, 1 horse power, Manufactured by B, Hayman com-
pany, Inc,, P, O, Box 3847, Terminal Annex, Los Angeles
54, California,) The belt drive isa 4 tol pulley ratio


PORTABLE SPRAYER

This small portable sprayer which weighs less than 60 pounds has
been used successfully for low-volume application to test plots and small
areas which are inaccessible to more bulky equipment, The sprayer also has
been used for applying aromatic solvent to control submersed aquatic weeds
in small-sized irrigation ditches,

This unit was designed and constructed by Mr, S, T. Ancall, Agricul-
tural Commissioner, Tehama County, Red Bluff, California,



The boom is constructed of double strength steel tubing reinforced
with struts and turnbuckles, Oil resistant hose (Type 800, B, F. Goodrich)
and high pressure fittings are used on the pictured machine. The boom pedes-
tal can be moved to either side of the trailer which allows the operator to direct
the boom into the ditch,


MECHANICAL WEED FORK

To remove weed growth
which has been broken loose
by chaining operations or to
grab Russian thistles or other
floating material, the use of
a mechanical weed fork is rec-
ommended where the trash
cannot be flushed from the
irrigation system into a waste-
way. A weed fork is more
effective than a dragline bucket
as a larger pay load can be
carried and the water drains
away freely when the debris is
raised, Log booms frequently
are used in large canals to
guide the debris into a pocket
within reach of the crane, or
the material may be permitted to collect at a structure as pictured above.

Construction Details:

This weed fork was designed and constructed for use on the Bureau of
Reclamation, W. C. Austin Project, Altus, Oklahoma, However, many other
irrigation districts throughout the West have purchased sugar cane forks to
4 which one or more tines are added.

Sugar cane forks are available from
the Blaw-Knox Company, 2020 Farmers
Bank Building, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania,
Also, Bucyrus Erie manufactures a forked-
grab for use with their all-hydraulic Hydro-
crane, which can be used effectively for re-
moving floating weeds or debris from irri-
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IAll-a

BELLE FOURCHE SPRAYER

This weed spray rig was assembled by the Belle Fourche Irrigation
District forces at Newell, South Dakota, utilizing to the greatest extent possible
the various parts and material available on the project. Low cost, compactness,
and ability to travel small ditchbanks and over rough terrain are the principal
advantages of this sprayer.

The weedicide is mixed in the two barrels, which are connected by a
length of hose. The suction hose to the pump is fitted into top of the left barrel.
The pump is driven from the power take-off shaft, and fluid is forced through
3/4-inch hose to the boom which is mounted in a bracket on the right side of the
jeep. The boom can be swivelled to any desired position and turned on or off
by the driver. A by-pass valve and hose on the pump discharge line returns ex-
cess spray to the left drum. The barrels may be refilled by putting the boom
hose into the drum and the suction hose into the water supply.

The boom, which is equipped with a Hanson brodjet nozzle (Hanson
Chemical Equipment Company, Beloit, Wisconsin) throws a large-droplet-
size spray for 25 to 35 feet. A long hose is attached to the boom, which is
detachable from the mounting bracket, so that the operator can spray areas
not accessible from the operating road.

IA11-1


The estimated cost during 1950 for installation and material for a
weed trap in a 24-foot canal was $175, and as low as $50 for a trap in a 10-
foot wide ditch

IB1-2


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The all-wheel drive vehicle is driven down an inclined ramp into
the water and when the machine is buoyant the propeller is engaged and the
craft can travel about 8 miles per hour,

(The Imperial Irrigation District personnel have designed and con-
structed a sprayer which is mounted on a boat to be used in place of the duck,
It is planned that information regarding this new unit will be included in alater
release, )


PROPANE HAND SPRAYER

A spray gun similar to a compressed-air paint sprayer is attached by
a rubber hose to a tank of liquid propane, The pressure exerted by the pro-
pane in the tank is utilized as a propelling force to the herbicide which is con-
tained in the one-quart spray gun, Pressure exerted by the compressed pro-
pane will remain constant up to 16 times longer than compressed air since
additional force results from the propane changing from a liquid to a gaseous
state, The gas escaping with the herbicide apparently does not affect results
of the chemical treatment.

The spray gun has been modified with an adapter so that standard
nozzles with interchangeable tips can be used for applying different quantities
of herbicide, A gauge and an adjustable valve are installed on the outlet of
the propane tank to regulate the pressure, By controlling the release of gas
a constant pressure can be maintained at the gun to obtain very uniform spray
coverage of the plot, Generally a pressure of approximately 40 pounds per
square inch is used. The connecting hose is 20 feet in length which allows
access to all corners of small experimental areas without moving the tank,

This equipment was constructed by Mr. E, H, Sutliff, Bureau of
Reclamation, Carson City, Nevada.

IA9-1


WIRE WEED TRAP

An inexpensive and simple weed trap to collect Russian thistles in
an irrigation canal is constructed of smooth wires placed at an angle to the
water flow which diverts floating material into a pocket or trap along the bank,
This weed trap was designed and constructed by personnel on the Tucumcari
Project, Tucumcari, New Mexico, An article ''Tucumcari Tumbleweed Trap"
was featured in the July 1950 Reclamation Era,

Construction Details:

The weeds are guided into the trap by smooth No. 9 galvanized wires
which are strung four-inches apart across the ditch at an angle of not greater
than 20 degrees to the embankment. The wires are placed parallel in a verti-
cal plane from a few inches above the water level to about half the depth of the
canal, Bracing with guy lines is suggested to prevent bending of the 2-inch
pipe uprights and to keep the wires tight.

The trap or pocket, constructed of woven wire, may be of any width
and may be extended for some distance parallel to the ditchbank. Debris is
removed from the trap by using a weed fork mounted upon a mobile crane. In
this manner the accumulated weeds are removed quickly at a fraction of the
expense of hand labor, The design of an efficient weed fork is included in this
publication, page IB3-1.

IB1-1