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[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3334 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>

118th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 3334

   To require reports on and impose sanctions with respect to Iran's 
   development of space-launch vehicles, intercontinental ballistic 
     missiles, and unmanned aerial systems, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           November 15, 2023

  Mr. Cotton introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
             referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
   To require reports on and impose sanctions with respect to Iran's 
   development of space-launch vehicles, intercontinental ballistic 
     missiles, and unmanned aerial systems, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``No ICBMs or Drones 
for Iran Act of 2023''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
  TITLE I--SANCTIONS AND REPORT ON IRANIAN SPACE-LAUNCH VEHICLES AND 
                  INTERCONTINENTAL BALLISTIC MISSILES

Sec. 101. Findings; sense of Congress.
Sec. 102. Determination and mandatory imposition of sanctions under 
                            Executive Order 13382.
Sec. 103. Report on support for Iran's space, aerospace, and ballistic 
                            missile sectors and United States capacity 
                            to deny intercontinental ballistic missile 
                            attacks from Iran.
Sec. 104. Report on senior officials of Government of Iran responsible 
                            for space-launch vehicle or ballistic 
                            missile tests.
  TITLE II--SANCTIONS AND REPORTS RELATING TO IRANIAN UNMANNED AERIAL 
                                SYSTEMS

Sec. 201. Findings; sense of Congress.
Sec. 202. Inclusion of unmanned aerial systems and cruise missiles 
                            under Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, 
                            Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010.
Sec. 203. Inclusion of unmanned aerial systems in enforcement of arms 
                            embargos under Countering America's 
                            Adversaries Through Sanctions Act.
Sec. 204. Inclusion of unmanned aerial systems under Iran-Iraq Arms 
                            Non-Proliferation Act of 1992.
Sec. 205. Strategy to counter Iranian unmanned aerial systems.
Sec. 206. Report on support for Iran's unmanned aerial system program 
                            and related technology transfers.
Sec. 207. Unmanned aerial system defined.
           TITLE III--EXPANSION OF IRAN SANCTIONS ACT OF 1996

Sec. 301. Expansion of Iran Sanctions Act of 1996.

  TITLE I--SANCTIONS AND REPORT ON IRANIAN SPACE-LAUNCH VEHICLES AND 
                  INTERCONTINENTAL BALLISTIC MISSILES

SEC. 101. FINDINGS; SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The Islamic Republic of Iran has the largest ballistic 
        missile arsenal in the Middle East, which Iran uses to threaten 
        forces of the United States and partners of the United States 
        in the region.
            (2) Iran is progressing toward developing an 
        intercontinental ballistic missile (commonly referred to an 
        ``ICBM'') capability. In 2023, the Defense Intelligence Agency 
        reported that Iran's progress on its space-launch vehicles 
        shortens the time needed for Iran to produce an ICBM since 
        space-launch vehicles and ICBMs use similar technologies.
            (3) Iran continues to rely on illicit foreign procurement 
        to support its long-range missile aspirations. For example, 
        Iran recently tried to purchase from the Russian Federation and 
        the People's Republic of China ammonium perchlorate, which is 
        the main ingredient in solid propellants to power missiles.
            (4) Iran relies at least in part on networks in Hong Kong 
        and the People's Republic of China to procure dual-use 
        materials and equipment for its longer-range ballistic missile 
        program.
            (5) North Korea historically has played a role in 
        supporting longer-range Iranian ballistic missile capabilities. 
        Specifically, North Korea provided the Nodong-A to Iran in the 
        1990s, which Iran used to develop both its first nuclear-
        capable medium-range ballistic missile and liquid propellant 
        engines for its space-launch vehicles.
            (6) While the Iran Space Agency, a government organization 
        subject to sanctions, develops space capabilities for Iran's 
        ministry of defense as well as the communications sector, 
        Iran's Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force (commonly 
        referred to as the ``IRGC-AF'') runs a parallel space program 
        employing solid-propellant motors, which if used in ICBM 
        technology, would enable launches with little warning.
            (7) Iran continues work on larger diameter solid-propellant 
        motors, like the Rafa'e, and is now reportedly in the 
        possession of an all-solid-propellant space-launch vehicle 
        called the Qaem-100. The Qaem-100 was reportedly tested twice, 
        once in November 2022 and again in March 2023.
            (8) The IRGC-AF last successfully launched a satellite into 
        orbit in September 2023 using its Qased rocket, fueled by both 
        liquid- and solid-fueled stages.
            (9) Iran's development, production, and transfer of space-
        launch vehicle and ballistic missile technology violated Annex 
        B of United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231 (2015), 
        which enshrined certain restrictions under the Joint 
        Comprehensive Plan of Action. Those restrictions expired on 
        October 18, 2023.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) Iran's space program continues to function as a cover 
        for Iran's quest for an ICBM;
            (2) the possession by Iran of an ICBM would pose a direct 
        threat to the United States homeland and partners of the United 
        States in Europe; and
            (3) the United States should work to deny Iran the ability 
        to hold the United States homeland or European partners of the 
        United States at risk with an ICBM.

SEC. 102. DETERMINATION AND MANDATORY IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS UNDER 
              EXECUTIVE ORDER 13382.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall--
            (1) determine whether each individual or entity specified 
        in subsection (b) meets the criteria for the imposition of 
        sanctions under Executive Order 13382 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; 
        relating to blocking property of weapons of mass destruction 
        proliferators and their supporters); and
            (2) with respect to any such individual or entity the 
        President determines does meet such criteria, impose such 
        sanctions.
    (b) Individuals and Entities Specified.--The individuals and 
entities specified in this subsection are the following:
            (1) The Space Division of the IRGC-AF.
            (2) All senior officers of the IRGC-AF.
            (3) Brigadier General Amir-Ali Hajizadeh, the commander of 
        the IRGC-AF.
            (4) General Majid Mousavi, the deputy commander of the 
        IRGC-AF.
            (5) Second Brigadier General Ali-Jafarabadi, the commander 
        of the Space Division of the IRGC-AF.

SEC. 103. REPORT ON SUPPORT FOR IRAN'S SPACE, AEROSPACE, AND BALLISTIC 
              MISSILE SECTORS AND UNITED STATES CAPACITY TO DENY 
              INTERCONTINENTAL BALLISTIC MISSILE ATTACKS FROM IRAN.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with 
the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of 
Commerce, and the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to 
the congressional defense committees a report that includes the 
following:
            (1) An identification of entities in Iran not subject to 
        sanctions imposed by the United States as of the date of the 
        report that are helping to support Iran's space, aerospace, and 
        ballistic missile sectors, including public and private 
        entities making a material contribution to Iran's development 
        of space-launch vehicles or ICBMs.
            (2) An identification of the countries the governments of 
        which continue to support Iran's space, aerospace, and 
        ballistic missile activities.
            (3) With respect to each country identified under paragraph 
        (2), the following:
                    (A) Actions taken by the government of the country 
                or other entities within the country to support Iran's 
                space, aerospace, and ballistic missile activities, 
                including the transfer of missiles, engines, propellant 
                or materials that can be used for fuel, or other 
                technologies that could make a material contribution to 
                development of space-launch vehicles or ICBMs.
                    (B) Any actions described in subparagraph (A) or 
                proposals for such actions being negotiated or 
                discussed as of the date of the report.
            (4) An assessment of Iran's ICBM technology, including the 
        following:
                    (A) Key steps Iran would need to take to develop an 
                ICBM.
                    (B) An assessment of which rocket motors Iran would 
                likely use to build an ICBM.
                    (C) Technological hurdles Iran would still need to 
                overcome to develop an ICBM.
                    (D) Pathways to overcome the hurdles described in 
                subparagraph (C), including the potential transfer of 
                technologies from North Korea, the Russian Federation, 
                or the People's Republic of China.
                    (E) An estimated timeline for Iran to develop an 
                ICBM if Iran chooses to do so.
            (5) An assessment of the missile defense capabilities of 
        the United States, as of the date of the report and anticipated 
        for the future, with respect to denying an attack by Iran on 
        the United States homeland, including the following:
                    (A) An assessment of the ability of the Ground-
                Based Midcourse Defense System, as it exists on the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, to prevent such an 
                attack.
                    (B) An assessment of how the procurement of the 
                Next Generation Interceptor would improve the ability 
                of the United States to intercept ICBMs launched from 
                Iran.
                    (C) How a third missile defense site on the East 
                Coast of the United States would improve the ability of 
                the United States to intercept ICBMs launched from 
                Iran.
    (b) Updates.--As new information becomes available and not less 
frequently than annually, the Secretary shall submit to the 
congressional defense committees an updated version of the report 
required by subsection (a) that includes updated information under 
paragraphs (1) through (4) of that subsection.
    (c) Form.--Each report submitted under this section shall be 
submitting in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.
    (d) Congressional Defense Committees Defined.--In this section, the 
term ``congressional defense committees'' has the meaning given that 
term in section 101(a)(16) of title 10, United States Code.

SEC. 104. REPORT ON SENIOR OFFICIALS OF GOVERNMENT OF IRAN RESPONSIBLE 
              FOR SPACE-LAUNCH VEHICLE OR BALLISTIC MISSILE TESTS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 30 days after the date on which the 
President determines that the Government of Iran has conducted a test 
of a space-launch vehicle or ballistic missile, the President shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a notification that 
identifies each senior official of the Government of Iran that the 
President determines is responsible for ordering, controlling, or 
otherwise directing the test.
    (b) Elements.--The notification required by subsection (a) shall 
include--
            (1) available information on the ballistic missile or the 
        generic class of ballistic missile or space rocket that was 
        launched;
            (2) the trajectory, duration, range, and altitude of the 
        flight of the missile or rocket;
            (3) the duration, range, and altitude of the flight of each 
        stage of the missile or rocket;
            (4) the location of the launch point and impact point;
            (5) the payload; and
            (6) other technical information that is available.
    (c) Form.--The notification required by subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex.
    (d) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Foreign 
        Relations, and Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; 
        and
            (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the 
        Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
        Representatives.

  TITLE II--SANCTIONS AND REPORTS RELATING TO IRANIAN UNMANNED AERIAL 
                                SYSTEMS

SEC. 201. FINDINGS; SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Iran has a robust unmanned aerial system program under 
        which Iran operates several unmanned aerial systems, including 
        combat drones, drones capable of conducting intelligence, 
        surveillance, and reconnaissance, and suicide or kamikaze 
        drones.
            (2) As of December 2022, Iran reportedly supplied more than 
        1,700 unmanned aerial systems to the Russian Federation, 
        including several hundred of the Shahed-136 suicide drone.
            (3) Iran and the Russian Federation are reportedly planning 
        to build 6,000 Geran-2 drones, the Russian-made version of the 
        Iranian Shahed-136, at a new facility in the Russian 
        Federation.
            (4) The Iranian supply of unmanned aerial systems to the 
        Russian Federation has fueled the Russian Federation's 
        murderous invasion of Ukraine and caused countless civilian 
        deaths.
            (5) The United States found parts made by more than a dozen 
        United States or western companies in an Iranian unmanned 
        aerial system downed in Ukraine, which are likely transferred 
        to Iran illegally.
            (6) Iran is also responsible for the proliferation of 
        unmanned aerial systems to terrorist groups in the Middle East, 
        including Hamas in Gaza, Hezbollah in Lebanon, and the Houthis 
        in Yemen, which have all employed drones in their murderous 
        attacks on Israel following the October 7, 2023, terrorist 
        attacks by Hamas in Israel, which killed more than 1,400 
        innocent civilians.
            (7) Iran's transfer of unmanned aerial systems to other 
        governments and terrorist groups has violated Annex B of United 
        Nations Security Council Resolution 2231 (2015) and 
        restrictions imposed under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of 
        Action, which expired on October 18, 2023.
            (8) Upon the expiration of those restrictions, Iran's 
        transfer of deadly unmanned aerial systems and ballistic 
        missiles to actors like Hamas and the Russian Federation became 
        legal under international law.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) Iran's unmanned aerial system program contributes 
        significantly to the instability of the Middle East and 
        threatens the security of the United States and its partners in 
        the Middle East, including Israel;
            (2) the provision of Iranian unmanned aerial systems gives 
        the Russian Federation an advantage in its war in Ukraine and 
        contributes to the dangerous partnership between Iran and the 
        Russian Federation;
            (3) the expiration of restrictions under the Joint 
        Comprehensive Plan of Action and Annex B of United Nations 
        Security Council Resolution 2231 on October 18, 2023, helps 
        facilitate Iran's development and transfer of deadly unmanned 
        aerial systems and ballistic missiles to actors like Hamas and 
        the Russian Federation; and
            (4) the United States should seek to hinder Iran's unmanned 
        aerial system production, its transfer of such systems to the 
        Russian Federation, Hamas, and other hostile state and non-
        state actors, and to prevent the further use of United States 
        components in Iranian unmanned aerial systems.

SEC. 202. INCLUSION OF UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEMS AND CRUISE MISSILES 
              UNDER COMPREHENSIVE IRAN SANCTIONS, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND 
              DIVESTMENT ACT OF 2010.

    (a) Findings.--Section 2(1) of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, 
Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 8501(1)) is 
amended by striking ``and ballistic missiles'' and inserting ``, 
ballistic missiles, and unmanned aerial systems and cruise missiles''.
    (b) Inclusion in Goods, Services, and Technologies of Diversion 
Concern.--Section 302(b)(1)(B) of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, 
Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 8542(b)(1)(B)) is 
amended--
            (1) in clause (ii), by striking ``; or'' and inserting a 
        semicolon;
            (2) by redesignating clause (iii) as clause (iv); and
            (3) by inserting after clause (ii) the following:
                            ``(iii) unmanned aerial system (as defined 
                        in section 207 of the No ICBMs or Drones for 
                        Iran Act of 2023) or cruise missile program; 
                        or''.
    (c) Sunset.--Section 401(a)(2) of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, 
Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 (22 U.S.C. 8551(a)(2)) is 
amended by striking ``and ballistic missiles and ballistic missile 
launch technology'' and inserting ``, ballistic missiles and ballistic 
missile launch technology, and unmanned aerial system (as defined in 
section 207 of the No ICBMs or Drones for Iran Act of 2023) and cruise 
missile programs.''.

SEC. 203. INCLUSION OF UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEMS IN ENFORCEMENT OF ARMS 
              EMBARGOS UNDER COUNTERING AMERICA'S ADVERSARIES THROUGH 
              SANCTIONS ACT.

    Section 107(a)(1) of the Countering America's Adversaries Through 
Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9406(a)(1)) is amended by inserting ``unmanned 
aerial systems (as defined in section 207 of the No ICBMs or Drones for 
Iran Act of 2023),'' after ``warships,''.

SEC. 204. INCLUSION OF UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEMS UNDER IRAN-IRAQ ARMS 
              NON-PROLIFERATION ACT OF 1992.

    Section 1608(1) of the Iran-Iraq Arms Non-Proliferation Act of 1992 
(Public Law 102-484; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended by inserting 
``unmanned aerial systems (as defined in section 207 of the No ICBMs or 
Drones for Iran Act of 2023),'' after ``cruise missiles,''.

SEC. 205. STRATEGY TO COUNTER IRANIAN UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEMS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report (with a classified annex) that 
includes a strategy for countering Iran's growing unmanned aerial 
systems program and its transfer of unmanned aerial systems and related 
technology to foreign states and non-state actors.
    (b) Plan To Prevent Iran Obtaining United States Materials.--
            (1) In general.--The strategy required by subsection (a) 
        shall draw upon the work of the President Biden's interagency 
        task force investigating the presence of United States parts in 
        Iranian unmanned aerial systems to develop a plan for 
        preventing Iran from obtaining United States materials for its 
        unmanned aerial system program.
            (2) Elements.--The plan required by paragraph (1) shall 
        include the following:
                    (A) A list of identified United States components 
                found in Iranian unmanned aerial systems and a list of 
                United States suppliers of those components.
                    (B) An assessment of existing export controls for 
                components described in subparagraph (A) and a plan to 
                strengthen those export controls, including through any 
                necessary legislative action by Congress.
                    (C) An investigation into and identification of 
                foreign actors, including individuals and government 
                and nongovernmental entities, that are supplying 
                components to the Iranian unmanned aerial system and 
                weapons programs.
                    (D) Strategies to deny supply chains for such 
                components, including any sanctions or other actions to 
                target the individuals or entities identified under 
                subparagraph (C).
                    (E) An identification of any additional authorities 
                or funding needed to enable the investigation of how 
                Iran is obtaining United States components for its 
                unmanned aerial system program.
                    (F) An assessment of how the Bureau of Industry and 
                Security of the Department of Commerce is monitoring 
                compliance with their restrictions on Iranian unmanned 
                aerial system producers aimed at ensuring United States 
                and other foreign-made components are not being used in 
                Iranian unmanned aerial systems.
                    (G) An investigation into Iran's use of shell 
                companies to evade sanctions and restrictions on the 
                use of United States or other foreign-made components 
                in Iranian unmanned aerial system production.
                    (H) Strategies to ensure United States 
                manufacturers of critical components for unmanned 
                aerial systems can verify the end users of those 
                components.
                    (I) Any other actions that could be use to disrupt 
                Iran's unmanned aerial system and weapons programs and 
                its transfers to foreign states and non-state actors.
    (c) Diplomatic Strategy.--The strategy required by subsection (a) 
shall include a diplomatic strategy to coordinate with allies of the 
United States to counter Iran's unmanned aerial system production and 
transfer of unmanned aerial systems and related technologies to foreign 
states and non-state actors, including the following:
            (1) Coordination with respect to sanctions comparable to 
        the sanctions the United States is required to apply under the 
        amendments made by this title.
            (2) Intelligence sharing with allies of the United States 
        to determine how Iran is obtaining western components for its 
        unmanned aerial system program.
            (3) Intelligence sharing with allies of the United States 
        to track, monitor, and disrupt Iranian transfers of its 
        unmanned aerial system technology to foreign states and non-
        state actors.
            (4) A plan to cooperate with allies of the United States to 
        develop or advance anti-unmanned aerial system equipment.
    (d) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Foreign 
        Relations, and Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; 
        and
            (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the 
        Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
        Representatives.

SEC. 206. REPORT ON SUPPORT FOR IRAN'S UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEM PROGRAM 
              AND RELATED TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with 
the Secretary of State, the Director of National Intelligence, the 
Secretary of the Treasury, and the Secretary of Commerce, shall submit 
to the congressional defense committees a report that outlines the 
following:
            (1) Domestic industries, individuals, or entities in Iran 
        not subject to sanctions imposed by the United States as of the 
        date of the report that are helping to support Iran's unmanned 
        aerial system program, including both public and private 
        entities making a material contribution to Iran's production of 
        unmanned aerial systems.
            (2) A list of foreign states or non-state actors using 
        Iranian unmanned aerial system technology or looking to 
        purchase it, including any negotiations or discussions ongoing 
        as of the date of the enactment of this Act between Iran and a 
        foreign state or non-state actor to acquire such technology 
        from Iran.
            (3) An assessment of cooperation between Iran and the 
        People's Republic of China to develop, produce, acquire, or 
        export unmanned aerial system technology.
            (4) An assessment of cooperation between Iran and the 
        Russian Federation to develop, produce, acquire, or export 
        unmanned aerial system technology, including a status update on 
        Russian capabilities to produce Iranian unmanned aerial 
        systems.
            (5) An assessment on how the October 18, 2023, expiration 
        of sanctions and other restrictions under Annex B of United 
        Nations Security Council Resolution 2231 (2015) have or have 
        not increased cooperation between Iran and the Russian 
        Federation or Iran and the People's Republic of China relating 
        to transactions previously restricted under that resolution.
    (b) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be submitted 
in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.
    (c) Congressional Defense Committees Defined.--In this section, the 
term ``congressional defense committees'' has the meaning given that 
term in section 101(a)(16) of title 10, United States Code.

SEC. 207. UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEM DEFINED.

    In this title, the term ``unmanned aerial system''--
            (1) means an aircraft without a human pilot onboard that is 
        controlled by an operator remotely or programmed to fly 
        autonomously; and
            (2) includes--
                    (A) unmanned vehicles that conduct intelligence, 
                surveillance, or reconnaissance operations;
                    (B) unmanned vehicles that can loiter, such as 
                suicide or kamikaze drones; and
                    (C) unmanned combat aerial vehicles.

           TITLE III--EXPANSION OF IRAN SANCTIONS ACT OF 1996

SEC. 301. EXPANSION OF IRAN SANCTIONS ACT OF 1996.

    (a) Expansion of Sanctions With Respect to Weapons of Mass 
Destruction and Conventional Weapons.--Section 5(b)(1) of the Iran 
Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is 
amended--
            (1) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``Exports, 
        transfers, and transshipments'' and inserting ``Weapons of mass 
        destruction and conventional weapons'';
            (2) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``the Iran Threat 
        Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012'' and inserting 
        ``the No ICBMs or Drones for Iran Act of 2023'';
            (3) in subparagraph (B)--
                    (A) in clause (i), by striking ``would likely'' and 
                inserting ``may'';
                    (B) in clause (ii)--
                            (i) in subclause (I)--
                                    (I) by striking ``or develop'' and 
                                inserting ``develop, or export''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``; or'' and 
                                inserting a semicolon;
                            (ii) by redesignating subclause (II) as 
                        subclause (IV); and
                            (iii) by inserting after subclause (I) the 
                        following:
                                    ``(II) acquire or develop ballistic 
                                missiles or ballistic missile launch 
                                technologies;
                                    ``(III) acquire or develop unmanned 
                                aerial systems (as defined in section 
                                207 of the No ICBMs or Drones for Iran 
                                Act of 2023); or''.
    (b) Sanctions With Respect to Space-Launch and Ballistic Missile 
Programs.--Section 5(b) of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 (Public Law 
104-172; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
            ``(4) Space-launch and ballistic missile goods, services, 
        or technology.--
                    ``(A) Transfer to iran.--Except as provided in 
                subsection (f), the President shall impose 5 or more of 
                the sanctions described in section 6(a) with respect to 
                a person if the President determines that the person, 
                on or after the date of the enactment of the No ICBMs 
                or Drones for Iran Act of 2023, knowingly exports, 
                transfers, or permits or otherwise facilitates the 
                transshipment or reexport of goods, services, 
                technology, or other items to Iran that may support 
                Iran's efforts to acquire, develop, or export its 
                space-launch programs, space-launch vehicles, or 
                ballistic missiles or ballistic missile launch 
                technologies.
                    ``(B) Development and support for development.--
                Except as provided in subsection (f), the President 
                shall impose 5 or more of the sanctions described in 
                section 6(a) with respect to--
                            ``(i) an agency or instrumentality of the 
                        Government of Iran if the President determines 
                        that the agency or instrumentality knowingly, 
                        on or after the date of the enactment of the No 
                        ICBMs or Drones for Iran Act of 2023, seeks to 
                        develop, procure, or acquire goods, services, 
                        or technology that may support efforts by the 
                        Government of Iran with respect to space-launch 
                        vehicle or ballistic missile-related goods, 
                        services, and items listed on the Equipment, 
                        Software, and Technology Annex of the Missile 
                        Technology Control Regime (commonly referred to 
                        as the `MTCR Annex');
                            ``(ii) a foreign person or an agency or 
                        instrumentality of a foreign state (as defined 
                        in section 1603(b) of title 28, United States 
                        Code) if the President determines that the 
                        person or agency or instrumentality knowingly, 
                        on or after such date of enactment, provides 
                        material support to the Government of Iran that 
                        may support efforts by the Government of Iran 
                        with respect to space-launch vehicle or 
                        ballistic missile-related goods, services, and 
                        items listed on the MTCR Annex; and
                            ``(iii) a foreign person that the President 
                        determines knowingly, on or after such date of 
                        enactment, engages in a transaction or 
                        transactions with, or provides financial 
                        services for, a foreign person or an agency or 
                        instrumentality of a foreign state described in 
                        clause (i) or (ii) with respect to space-launch 
                        vehicle or ballistic missile-related goods, 
                        services, and items listed on the MTCR Annex.
                    ``(C) Congressional requests.--Not later than 30 
                days after receiving a request from the chairman or 
                ranking member of the appropriate congressional 
                committees with respect to whether a person meets the 
                criteria for the imposition of sanctions under 
                subparagraph (A) or (B), the President shall--
                            ``(i) determine if the person meets such 
                        criteria; and
                            ``(ii) submit a report to the chairman or 
                        ranking member, as the case may be, who 
                        submitted the request with respect to that 
                        determination that includes a statement of 
                        whether or not the President imposed or intends 
                        to impose sanctions with respect to the 
                        person.''.
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