p. 1 

# OAR Box 1413 Prepped by Ollie Stewart



## Document

Number: 

# 66 ) 11-1-6 6 Docket Number: 

# A-94-5 2

Printed 7/9/2008 3:11:23 PM

Sheet 66 of 114P. 2 

# GE L COAT S A 945 2

By.JanSta-aleman , Managin g Eqiio r 

## -T221SS S 

# GE L COAT S —^y^jS, NO T JUS T A PRETTY FAC E Performanc e depend s o n ge l coats ' hidde n work .

Figure 1 . Metrocab' s unconventiona

l taxicab s in brigh t color s pos e acon tras t to th e lon

g tradition s represente dby London' s House s o f Parliament

an d th e Bi g Be n tower . The cab s are fabricate dfrom glas s fiber-reinforcedpoly

este r an dprotecte db y Jotun' s Norpo

l isopolyeste

r prime r ge l coat . (Source : Amoc o Chemicals ) ,s, : t first glance , th e rol e of

ge l coat s i n th e hard

f ;. ; workin g worl dof

composite s ma y see msuper s ' . E fidal, bu t

close r inspectio n reveal s a n impres

siv e lis t o f jo b dutie s the y ar e expecte dt o perform . Applie dt o th e surfac e o

f amol da t th e beginnin g o

f th e fabricatio n process , thes e quick-settin g resin s becom e a n integra l par t of afinishe dlaminate . Althoug h ge l coat s ca n len dcolor , textur e an d beaut y t o th e laminat e surface , th e improvement s the y provid e ru n deeper , includin g performanc e characteristic s suc h a s toughness , corrosion-resis

tance , flexibilit

y an deve n conduction . TEhi s revie w wil l highligh t

what' s ne w o n th e ge l coa t frontier , examinin g emergin g performanc e requirement s an dth e product s develope dt o mee t them . Bu t

befor e explorin g individua l succes s sto ries, an y complet e discussio n o f ge l coat s require s abrie f loo k a t th e reductio n o

f volatil e organi c com poun d(VOC

) emissions , apressing , industry-wid e challenge . 

## VO C CONTRO L TAKE S CENTE R STAC E liste n i n o n th e conversation s o f ge l coa t manufac

turer s today an dchance s ar e they'l l b e talkin g abou t VOCs . Styrene , th e monome r traditionall y use di n unsaturate dpolyeste r resin s an dge l coats , ha s becom e th e subjec t

of governmen t

regulatio n becaus e o

f emission s generate ddurin g it s us e l n fabricatio n processes . Th e composite s industr y i s respondin g t o th e challeng e o f workplac e safety , wit h mor e tha n on e majo r gel coa t produce r report in g i t i s dedicatin g considerabl e resource s t o th e developmen t

o f low-styren e alternatives . "It' s th e wav e o

f th e future, " say s Thoma s Barnett , nationa l marke t manage r

fo r Cook Composite s an dPolymer s (CCP . Kansa s City , Mo. ) of hi s company's effort s t o develo p low-VO C prod

ucts . Wherea s th e typica l ge l coa t monome r

con ten t i s 3 5 percent , Barnet t

say s CCP's Lovocor

96 2 serie s ha s amonome r

conten t close r t o 2 5 percent , producin g a30-3 5 percen t decreas e i n styren e emissions . Ake r Plastic s (Plymouth , Ind. ) ha s bee n usin g CCP' s low-VO C ge l coa t fo r more : tha n ayea r

i n th e fabricatio n of

bathtub s an dshowe r

stalls . Plan t

Manage r

Jef f Birchmeie r

say s althoug h th e produc t handle s differentl y tha n hlgher-styren e versions , th e compan y ha s ha dn o prob

lem s with sprayin g o r

wit h propertie s o

f th e finishe dproduct . Jotu n Polymer

A S (Sandefjord , Norway

) i s als o ho t

o n th e trai l o

f low-VO C alter

natives . It

investigate d5 0 different monomers , a s candidate s for partia l styren e replacement , fo r propertie s includin g wate r

an dweathe r

resistance , solubility , curin g tendencies , an dphysica l an dmechanica l characteristics . Jotu n report s tha t

it s low styren e emissio n (LSE ) ge l coat , Norpo l STyLe , provide s goo d 

### \P. 3

esio n propertie s an dperfor

ice . Th e LS E formulatio n ace s som e o

f th e styren e ten t wit h alow vapo r

pres e monome r

couple dwith a J additive . Jotun' s testin g o f ite . spray-qualit y . Norpo l 'L e showe dstyren e emis

i s of approximatel y 1 0 or, compare dt o 11 0 g/rrr astandar dge l coat . 

## tPPIN G WAST E M D EMISSION S ; emergin g technolog y o

f elec

stati c applicatio n o

f gel coat s :r s severa l advantage s t o fab

itors . includin g VO

C control , ti c electricit

y drain-of

f an d te r transfe r efficiency .

. CCF s Barnet t

say s hi s comny' s Polyco

r conductiv e sand

- • ; ge l coat s hav e bee n use dfor 'eral year s t o enabl e electrosta

pos t paintin g o

f FR P parts . Th e iductiv e ge

l coat o n th e par t s lik e ametalli c surfac e and , te n grounded , attract s electro

itically spraye dpaint , cuttin g w n o n pain t

waste db y over

ray an dth e amoun t

o f VOC s litted . CCP' s Polyco r

conductiv e gel at . whic h utilize s isophthali c ilyeste r polymers , impede s iti c electricity build-u p o n th e surfac e o f ground

-

. FR P parts . Accordin g t o Barnett . thi s produc t i s :ing use di n oil liel dapplications an dchemica l ant s t o avoi dspark s tha t coul dcaus e afir

e o r plosion . Barnet t als o describe s th e potential fo r a n elec

Dstati c applicatio n tha t

coul db e use ddurin g th e bricatio n proces s i n th e future . Tli e proces s voive s preparin g amoldwit h aconductiv e toolin g ; 1 coa t surfac e s o th e productio n gel coa t ca n b e )plie db y electrostati c spraying . G S Manufacturin g (CostaMesa . Calif. ) provide s ectrostati c sprayin g equipmen t whic h put s asta 2 electrica l charg e directl y o n ge l coa t droplets . hu s charged , th e droplet s ar e attracte dto a -ounde dconductiv e mold . Th e electrostati c spray gu n operate s a s a n inter

al-mix . air-assis t

airles s spray gun . I

t ha s a n air

riven alternato r

buil t int o i t whic h place s th e narg e o n th e ge

l coat droplets . Th e finer

th e ge l Figur e 2 . Thi s 52-f

t steepl e o n th e First Baptist Churc h o f Henderson . Texa

s i s on e o f man y standar dsteepl e designs offere

db y Fiberglas s Specialties . I

t i s protecte db y a Nest e neopentaglyco

l isophthalic ge

l coat . (Source : Fiberglas s Specialties) coa t i s atomized , th e bette r it wil l b e charged . Th e gel coa t

i s brough t

t o a mixin g bloc k

attache dt o th e botto mo f th e gu n b y ahig h rati o pump . Attache dt o th e ge l coa, t pum p i s acatalyst

- slav e pum p whic h pump s th e catalys t separatel y t o th e mixin g block . Th e gel coa t

an dcatalys t

pas s throug h astati c mixe r

an dthe n t o th e gun . A switc h o n th e bac k o f th e gu n allow s th e alternato r t o ru n whe n th e trigge r i s pulled . Th e alternato r

generate s th e charge , whic h i s fe

dt o api n protrudin g fromth e ai r

cap . Th e ge l coa t i s chargeda s i t

passe s aroun dth e pin . CCP' s Barnet t

say s althoug h thi s proces s hold s promis e fo r th e future , it

i s no t i n wid e us e ye t becaus e preparin g mold s an dtool s wit

h aconductiv e sur fac e i s aproces s tha t

"can' t hap

pe n overnight. " 

## BRIT S HAI L TAXICA B T O A BETTE R FINIS H Metroca b Ltd . (Tamworth . Staffordshire . UK

) too k abol d ste p awa y fromalong-hel d Britis h traditio n with th e man ufactur e o

f it s taxicab s fash

ione dfro mglas s fiber-reinforced/polyester. Unlik e thei r predecessors , tli e cab s spor t avariety o

f brigh t color s painte dover

ahigh-performanc e isopolyeste r

prime r ge l coa t from>Jotu

n Polymer . Althoug h Londoner s wer e accustome dt o seein g taxicab s onl y i n black . Metroca b report s tha t

ini

tiall y mixe dpubli c reactio n ha s evolve dint o appre ciatio n fo r th e vehicles ' comfor

t an dgoo dlooks . Metrocab . whic h als o produce s emergency , ambulator y car e an ddeliver y vehicles , state s com posite s ar e asuperio r

constructio n materia l fo r thei r vehicle s becaus e the y provid e rust-resis

tance , flexibility i n design , stronge r mas s an d lower weight . In addition , b

y usin g composite s th e compan y ca n produc e larger , mor e comprehensiv e bod y part s tha n woul db e possibl e vvit h steel . Metrocab selecte dth e Jotu n Norpol prime r ge l coa t becaus e it

provide s th e cab bodie s wit h asandabl e surfac e suitabl e fo

r painting . Th e Norpo l surfac e i s les s porou s tha n thos e provide db y othe r genera l 

## • 2 -P. 4

purpos e gel coats , accordin g t o Metrocab , an di s sof t enoug h t o b e worke da t

lower pressure s an di n les s time , ye t

har denoug h t o preven t

gummin g an d improper abrasion . Jotu n manufacture s isopolyeste r resi n an dge l coat s with purifie disophthali c aci dfromAmoc o Chemica l SA, (Geneva . Switzerland) . Accordin g t o Jotu n Polymer

Marketin g Manage r

Hennin g Rorvik . isophthali c resins , whic h ar e use dbot h i n th e cabs ' laminat e an di n th e ge l coat , provid e ahighe r tem peratur e resistance , whic h i s importan t whe n th e final pain t

coa t i s cure da t

elevate dtemperatures . Metrocab' s fabricatio n o f th e ca b body part s begin s wit h a20-mi l laye r o f Norpo l prime r

ge l coa t whic h i s lai dover

b y variou s processe s (dependin g upo n th e part) , includin g han dlay-up , spray-u p an dothers , t o thicknesse s o f 3- 4 mm . Th e compa n y use s woven an dchoppe dstran dma t firomPP G Glas s Fibr e (Wigan . Lancashire . UK ) an disophthal

i c resin s firomJotun . Th e cab s ar e painte di n Metrocab' s ow n pain t

facility , employin g th e Glasuri t two-pac k pain t syste m(PP

P International , Burton-upon-Trent , Derbyshire . UK) . 

## GE L COAT

S REAC H SKYWAR D Be n Bradshaw . sale s an dmarketin g manage r fo r Fiberglas s Specialtie s Inc . (Henderson , Texas ) say s 60-7 0 percen t

o f hi s company' s busines s i s i n fab

ricating churc h steeple s an dsimila r cupolas , whic h ar e protecte db y white , UV-inhibited , neopentaglyco l isophthali c ge l coat s (WG3000 L an dMaxGuar d29 ) manufacture db y Neste (For t

Figur e 3 . Fiberglas s Specialtie s create deight dome-toppe dcupola s fo

r th e Gran dVictori agam blin g casin o i n Rising Sun . Ind . Neste' s whit e WG3000 L ge l coa t protect s th e lowe r cupola , while th e dome' s UV-resistan

t finish i s provide db y Neste' s MaxGuar d2 9 in alight gree n formulate dto matc h existin g buildings . (Source : Fiberglas s Specialties )

1 6 COMPOSITE S TECHNOLOGY JULY/AUGUS T199 7 Smith , Ark.) . Althoug h fo r th e mos t par t compos ite s ar e ne w o n th e architectura l scene , thi s mar ket' s goo dnew s i s it s maturity . With Fiberglas s Specialtie s alon e producin g 1.00 0 ayear , fiberglas s steeple s ar e quickl y replacin g mor e tradition

a l aluminu mmodels . Bradsha w say s astron g sellin g poin t fo rfiberglas s steeple s i s th e finishedwhit e surface , provid

e db y gel coat , whic h require s n o pain t an dvery lit

tl e maintenance . Th e steeples , whic h ar e sprayed

u p i n a n ope n mol dwith choppe dglas s an dunsat urate dpolyeste r

resin , ar e durable , light-weigh t an dstrong . Bradsha w say s th e compan y use s th e Nest e ge l coat s becaus e o f thei r U V protection , fad e resistanc e an dresistanc e t o chalking . Th e compa n y recentl y bega n usin g CCP' s (95 4 series ) High

Glos s Buffbac k

isophthali c ge l coa t

an d(95 1 series ) Armorcot e in-mol dcoating , a s well . Althoug h Fiberglas s Specialtie s fabricate s addi

tional feature s fo

r churches , suc h a s baptistrie s an dwall-mounte dcrosses , th e compan y produce s domes , cupola s an dothe r structure s fo

r secula r buildings , a s well . I n fact , on e recen t custo mJo b gussie du p afacilit

y o n th e fa

r en do f th e spectru m

—agamblin g casino . Th e Gran dVictori aCasin o i n Risin g Sun . Ind. . provide s riverboa t

gamblin g fo

r are aresidents , includin g inhabitant s o

f nearb y Cincinnati . Bu t

i t wa s th e casino' s hote l an dpavilio n o n th e bank s o f th e Ohi o Rive

r tha t wer e th e recipient s o

f Fiberglas s Specialties ' mos t

recen t architectura l creations . Eigh t large , dome-toppe dcupola s protecte db y Neste ge l coat s wer e fashione di n a n open-mold , spray-u p proces s usin g unsaturate dpolyeste r resi n fromCC P an dglas s rovin g fromVetrote x CertainTee dCorp . (Valle

y Forge , Pa.) . Th e compa n y fabricate dth e tw o larges t dome s o n one-us e mold s and , becaus e o

f thei r size , shippe dthe mI n section s an dassemble dthe mo n site . Neste use dcolo r

sample s provide db y th e casi

n o t o produc e ge l coat s tha t ar e color-matche dt o th e existin g buildings . Fo r th e si x smalle r

fabri

cate dstructures , th e colo r o f th e lower

cupol ai s ashad e o

f whit e (provide db y Neste' s WG3000 L gel coat) an dth e uppe r

dom e t s tinte dligh t

gree n (usin g Neste' s MaxGuar d29) . In a n unusua l marriag e of

composit e an dtraditiona l materials , th e tw o large r

fiberglass dome s ar e ccwere dwith conventiona l shingle s to matc h Lh e existin g roof

. Accordin g t o Bradshaw , th e actua l productio n too k 1 2 week s an dth e on-sit e constructio n proces s (assemblin g di e tw o larg e dome s and . boltin g al l th e fabricate dfeature s t o th e build

ings ) too k onl y on e week . As wit

h thei r steeples . Fiberglas s Specialtie s chos e th e Nest e ge l coat s primaril y becaus e o

f thei r U V resistance .

- )P. 5

ir e 4 . Scott Shipley compete s fo

r th e US . i n las t

year' s Olympic white wate r a mevent in akayak

fabricate db y Dagge

r Canoe . Dagge

r create s it s racin g aks ' durable , impact-resistan t finishe s wit

h athin , lightweigh

t laye r o f Futur a 5 urethan e in-mol dcoating . (Phot o b y Jimmy Nations ; courtes y o f Dagge r ioe. ) 

## EL COAT S PROTEC

T NORTHODO X VEHICLE S rnipic athlete s an dweeken dwarrior s alik e bene

fromth e performanc e advantage s brough t t o ;i r chose n mode s o

f transportatio n b y aurethan e mol dge l coa t

develope db y Futur aCoating s Inc . : . Louis) . T o athlete s competin g i n th e Olympi c white

ite r slalo meven t

o n th e Ocoe e Rive

r nort h o f lant alas t summer , ever

y gra mo f adde dweight i s aliabilit

y an dever

y partiall y submerge droc k a reat . That' s wh y nin e countrie s chos e t o compet e t h kayak s fromaspecialt y lin e o f racin g craf

t til t b y Dagger

Cano e (Knoxville , Tenn.) . "W e neede dagel coa t

tha t wa s extremel y light

- ;igh t an dver

y toug h fo

r impac t o n rocks, " plain s Dagger' s composite s manage r And y Bridge , ridg e say s Dagger

chos e Futura' s Ultrachrom e IC ) 400 5 becaus e i t

i s lightweight , toug h an dha s g h flexibility an dimpac t

resistance . "W

e ca n spra y very , ver y thi n to kee p th e weigh t down , s o it ork s well fo

r ou r application. " h e says . U C 400 5 i s arapid-curing , solventless . two Dmponent . aliphati c urethan e in-mol dcoatin g hic h ca n b e use dwith anumbe r o f different tructura l resi n system s an dprocesses . Accordin g ) Futura . i t

ha s greate r

flexibility tha n typical poly

ste r ge l coats , providin g bette r

resistanc e to stress , rackin g an dimpact . Dagge r begin s fabricatio n o

f th e racin g boat s by prayin g a n 8

- t o 10-mil-thic k coatin g o

f U C 400 5 : i afemal e mold . (Th

e produc t ca n b e spraye da s thi n a s 5 mils. ) Th e Pro-se t epoxy resi n syste mfro mGougeo n Brother s Inc . (Ba

y City . Mich. ) i s employe dwit

h variou s sandwic h configuration s (dependin g o n th e model ) incorporatin g PV C foa m cor e fro mth e DIA

B Grou p (DeSoto , Texas) , Kevla

r fabri c an d wove n carbo n fibe

r fro mLydal l Mannin g (Hatboro , Pa. ) an dS

glas s fabri c fro

mClark-Schwebe l (Anderson . S.C) . Unidirectiona l carbo n tap e i s applie dfo

r localize d reinforcements , an dth e boat s ar e cure db y vacuu mbagging . I n additio n t o providin g th e all

importan t propertie s o

f durabilit y an dtoughness , th e gel coa t pro vide s th e boat' s gloss y finish. Bridg e say s th e compan y trie d othe r products , suc h a s marin e polyurethanes . bu t

couldn' t find a produc t tha t worke da s wel l a s Futura's . Becaus e of

anarro w tim e windo w fo r laminat

ing , precis e mixin g requirement s an dit s highe r cost . Dagger

doesn' t anticipat e usin g U

C 400 5 fo

r it s genera l recreationa l products . Bu t Bridg e say s Dagger i s please dwit h th e result s fo r it s racin g line . "Athlete s hav e bee n ver

y impresse dwith th e mate rial. " h e says . Glos s retentio n an dresistanc e t o U V ligh t ar e th e Ultrachrom e benefit s mor e likely t o b e desire d b y weeken drecreationist s wh o ar e cruisin g t o thei r leisure-tim e activitie s i n converte dvan s create db y Leisur e Trave l Van s Ltd . (Gretna , Manitoba) . Th e company , whic h transform s tw o Dodg e Maxivan s pe r da y int o luxur y trave l vehicles , chos e U C 400 5 a s it s in-mol dcoatin g fo

r al l exterio r

FR P components , suc h a s roofs , sid e panel s an drunnin g boards . Tli e Figur e 5 . Leisure Trave l Van s ar e th e onl

y converte dvan s sportin g aUV

resistant . gloss y finish pro vide db y th e Futur a400 5 aliphati c urethan e in-mol d coating . Othe r

converte d van s rely o n polyeste

r ge l coat s o r paint . (Source : Leisur e Travel Vans )



# 4 COMPOSITE S TECHNOLOGY JULY/AUGUS T199 7 1 7P. 6 is U "tJJc^j

erglas s side panel s an droof , combine d l i adrop-floo

r design , expan dth e chas

widt h t o 7 f t an dit s height

t o 6 f t 3 :h . Dean McTavish . composite s consultan t Leisur e Vans , say s prio r

t o us e o f di e tur aproduc t

th e compan y ha dasevere jble mwit h yellowin g o

f th e whit e ge

l i t it wa s using . He explain s tha t a n 'estigatio n o

f ge l coat s determine dU

C 400 5 "offere

dsuperio r

weatherin g ove

r all th e polyeste r

ge l coats. " Th e produc t

i s a n aliphati c urethane . whic h i s stabl e an d resistan t t o ultraviole t

(UV ) light , th e prin

cipal energ y wavelength responsibl e fo r chalking . Futur areport s tha t after tw o year s o f independen t

testin g i n Florida . U C 400 5 retaine dove r

8 0 percen t

glos s compare dt o les s tha n 5 percen t fo r neopentaglyco l polyester

ge l coats .

Why FLOW CHOPTM Wit h conventiona l spra yequipment , resi n i s atomize d int o a spra ypatter n a t hig h velocity . Thi s create s mistin g of th e resi n materia l whic h result s i n lowe r resi n an d glas s transfe rrate s an d highe r styren e emissions . Choppin g int o non atomize d stream s of resi n hav e prove n t o significantl yreduc e styren e emission s i n th e workplace . Don't Be Fooled Som e Flocoa t equipmen t o n th e marke t mixe s resi n an d catalys t a t a manifol d severa l fee t behin d th e gu n whic h require s excessiv e flushing . Thi s technolog yals o require s a hig h velocit y resi n fa n combine d wit h blow n ai rint o th e cho p t o creat e acceptabl e glas s distribution , actuall yincreasin g bot h styren e emission s an d atomization . •VVENUS-GUSMER.Inc ' i ^ * Sutlidwr y e l GUIIM ' Macf-unar y Group , int . 186 2 Ive s Avenu e •Kent , W A •9803 2 •US A Phone : (206 ) 554-286 0 •Fax : (206 ) B52-029 4

httpyAvww.gusnier.co m Engineer s o f The Venus-Gusmer

Solution Venus-Gusme rha s lon g bee n recognize d a s th e industr yleade ro f interna l mi x technology , an d no w offer s th e mos t effectiv e FLOW CHOP equipmen t available . Mixin g th e resi n an d catalys t a t th e nozzl e eliminate s excessiv e solven t flushing . Th e Venus Gusme rFLOW

CHOP nozzl e dispense s resi n throug h a serie s of speciall y configure d orifice s whic h virtuall y eliminate s resi n atomization . A speciall y designe d choppe rchut e eliminate s th e nee d t o blo w ai rove rth e resi n fan . furthe rreducin g emissions . Venus-Gusmer's New FLOW CHOPTM Nozzle end Chute System

Fo ra distributo rlocate d nea ryo u cal l tol l fre e i n th e Unite d Stale s an d Canada : 

# 1-800-265-045 8 t h e Industr y Circl e 11 7 o n th e reade rservic e car d COMPOSITE S TECHNOLOG Y JULY/AUGUS T199

7 

# 5 U V ligh t no t only cause s yellowin g o f whit e ge l coat s bu t

ca n als o caus e color fading , whic h i s especiall y critica l i n dar k colors . McTavis h say s color s don' t fade i n th e color-fonnulate dU

C 400 5 ge

l coats . H e say s Leisur e van s ar e th e only con verte dvan s currentl y relyin g o n th e Futur afinis h rathe r

tha n o n pain t

o r polyeste r ge l coats . Accordin g t o McTavish . larg e part s suc h a s th e roo f

an dsid e panel s ar e lam

inate di n ope n molds , beginnin g wit h a thin , spayed-o n laye r

o f U C 400 5 (5- 8 mil s thick) . Th e fiberglas s part s ar e the n spraye du p usin g alow-profil e isophthal

i c polyeste r

resi n fro mReichhol d Chemical s Inc . (Researc h Triangl e Park , N.C. ) an d600 0 serie s choppe dstran d fromPPG . Door s ar e resin-injecte dusin g th e sam e component s plu s FR P rib s fo r additiona l reinforcement . McTavis h contend s tha t

althoug h th e Futur aproduc t

i s mor e expensiv e tha n polyeste r ge l coats , i t

ca n b e spraye d muc h thinner , makin g i t mor e cost-effec

tiv e i n th e lon g run . Us e o f th e Futur aproduc t

i s jus t on e par t o f awhol e ne w approac h bein g adopte db y Leisur e Van s —wha t migh t b e considere damajo r

conversio n o

f it s ow n facilities . I

n anew , quick-curin g twis t o n th e spray-u p process , afaste r in-mol dcoatin g fro

mth e Futur a400 0 serie s wit h a7-secon dcur e will b e spraye do n th e mold , followe db y aspray u p o f th e PP G glas s with aproprietar y hybri dmatri x o

f urethane . polyeste r

an d acryli c resins . Accordin g t o McTavish . th e materia l will b e curin g a s it i s sprayed-up , an dpart s wil l b e de-molde d i n 10-1 5 min . McTavis h say s wit h th e ne w process . Leisur e wil l b e abl e t o con vert five unit s pe r

day withou t

increasin g it s manpowe r

o r numbe r o f molds . "I n th e composile s industry , w e hav e bee n doin g th e sam e thing s sinc e th e 1950s. " say s McTavish . wh o ha s bee n workin g i n th e industr} ' sinc e 1956 . "It' s abou t tim e vv e modernize dou r

trad e wit h moder n technology. " Q. For more mformaiion. circle the number on the Reader

Service Card: gel coais/resins. 251 : reinforcements, 252 : electrostati c spray equip.. 253 : core. 254 .