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HAWAII 

2020 ANNUAL REPORT 
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Table of Contents

Disclaimer .............................................................................................................................................3

Protection of Data from Discovery Admission into Evidence .............................................................3

Executive Summary ..............................................................................................................................4

Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................5

Program Structure................................................................................................................................. 5

Program Administration .....................................................................................................................5

Program Methodology .......................................................................................................................7

Project Implementation .......................................................................................................................10

Funds Programmed .........................................................................................................................10

General Listing of Projects ..............................................................................................................12

Safety Performance ............................................................................................................................14

General Highway Safety Trends ......................................................................................................14

Safety Performance Targets............................................................................................................20

Applicability of Special Rules...........................................................................................................21

Evaluation ...........................................................................................................................................23

Program Effectiveness ....................................................................................................................23

Effectiveness of Groupings or Similar Types of Improvements .......................................................23

Project Effectiveness .......................................................................................................................27

Compliance Assessment.....................................................................................................................28

Optional Attachments ..........................................................................................................................31

Glossary ..............................................................................................................................................32
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Disclaimer

Protection of Data from Discovery Admission into Evidence 

23 U.S.C. 148(h)(4) states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or 

data compiled or collected for any purpose relating to this section[HSIP], shall not be subject to discovery or 

admitted into evidence in a Federal or State court proceeding or considered for other purposes in any action 

for damages arising from any occurrence at a location identified or addressed in the reports, surveys, 

schedules, lists, or other data. 

23 U.S.C. 148(h)(4) states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or 

data compiled or collected for any purpose relating to this section[HSIP], shall not be subject to discovery or 

admitted into evidence in a Federal or State court proceeding or considered for other purposes in any action 

for damages arising from any occurrence at a location identified or addressed in the reports, surveys, 

schedules, lists, or other data.23 U.S.C. 409 states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, 

surveys, schedules, lists, or data compiled or collected for the purpose of identifying, evaluating, or planning 

the safety enhancement of potential accident sites, hazardous roadway conditions, or railway-highway 

crossings, pursuant to sections 130, 144, and 148 of this title or for the purpose of developing any highway 

safety construction improvement project which may be implemented utilizing Federal-aid highway funds shall 

not be subject to discovery or admitted into evidence in a Federal or State court proceeding or considered for 

other purposes in any action for damages arising from any occurrence at a location mentioned or addressed in 

such reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or data.”
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Executive Summary

State of Hawaii 2020 U.S.C. 148(g) Annual Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) report.
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Introduction

The Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) is a core Federal-aid program with the purpose of achieving 

a significant reduction in fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads. As per 23 U.S.C. 148(h) and 23 CFR 

924.15, States are required to report annually on the progress being made to advance HSIP implementation 

and evaluation efforts. The format of this report is consistent with the HSIP Reporting Guidance dated 

December 29, 2016 and consists of five sections: program structure, progress in implementing highway safety 

improvement projects, progress in achieving safety outcomes and performance targets, effectiveness of the 

improvements and compliance assessment. 

Program Structure

Program Administration 

Describe the general structure of the HSIP in the State. 

HDOT uses the Number-Rate (N-R) Method, which establishes a minimum crash frequency and accounts for 

exposure. Listings for intersection locations on State roadways use a minimum criteria for a 3-year period and 

listings for non-intersection locations on State roadways use sliding 0.3-mile segments with a minimum criteria 

for a 3-year period. This method uses the best availability of required data and is manageable by our limited 

manpower. 

Locations identified by the N-R method will be further analyzed in a Benefit-Cost (B/C) analysis procedure by 

incorporating crash costs established by FHWA and crash reduction factors (CRF). The crash costs will assign 

more weight to fatal and high severity crashes. 

Project Prioritization and Selection uses the annual High-Accident Listings, which ranks the locations by crash 

rates, and injury severity to determine possible project locations. Project locations where existing, planned or 

recently completed projects are already addressing concerns are eliminated. Appropriate countermeasures for 

each location are determined, preliminary estimates for improvements are computed, CRFs are selected, and 

Benefit/Cost (B/C) ratios to prioritize individual listings are calculated.

“HSIP Field Investigation” of candidate projects are conducted using HSIP Field Investigation procedures and 

involving the following parties: Traffic Safety engineers, District engineers and maintenance workers, Traffic 

Design engineers, and the police. Field investigations of existing conditions are conducted to better understand 

deficiencies. Projects are selected to initiate based on revised scope of work and B/C. If funds are available, 

additional projects are selected according to overall priority. Note that projects may also be initiated if identified 

as priority according to the Hawaii Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP). 

Project Evaluation uses 3 year before and after crash history. Evaluation data is submitted to FHWA through 

the online HSIP reporting tool annually. 

Where is HSIP staff located within the State DOT? 

 Engineering

HSIP staff is located in the Hawaii State Department of Transportation, Highways Division, Traffic Branch, 

Traffic Safety Section 
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How are HSIP funds allocated in a State? 

 Other-Central Office 

High accident listings and accident data for county roads are submitted to the county offices for internal design 

use. Local agencies can submit project proposals to be considered on the Statewide Transportation 

Improvement Program (STIP) and the projects can be funded through the HSIP funds if they are cost-effective. 

In addition, High Risk Rural Roads Program (HRRRP) Funds are offered to the counties for project proposals 

and consideration. 

HSIP funds for State roadway projects are divided among the 4 different counties. 

All projects are submitted through the Traffic Safety Section. 

Describe how local and tribal roads are addressed as part of HSIP. 

High accident listings and accident data for county roads are submitted to the county offices for internal design 

use. Local agencies can submit project proposals to be considered on the Statewide Transportation 

Improvement Program (STIP) and the projects can be funded through HSIP funds if they are cost-effective. In 

addition, HRRRP Funds are offered to the counties. 

Hawaii does not have any tribal roads. 

Identify which internal partners (e.g., State departments of transportation (DOTs) 

Bureaus, Divisions) are involved with HSIP planning. 

 Design 

 Maintenance 

 Operations 

 Planning 

 Traffic Engineering/Safety 

 Other-Highway Safety Office 

Other-The Highway Safety Office is a partner in the HSIP process. They assist us with setting the performance 

targets. They also assist with the planning of the HSIP through the collaboration of the development of the 

SHSP.

Describe coordination with internal partners. 

The HSIP projects are initiated through the analysis of crash data and traffic volume counts obtained by the 

Planning Branch. The HSIP project locations are evaluated to determine if other projects submitted by internal 

partners (Design, Planning, Maintenance, or Operations) can be coordinated or project scope can be 

incorporated within existing projects. 

Internal partners assist with project selection preparation of preliminary project scope through field 

investigations. Partners from the offices of design, maintenance and law enforcement (external) participate in 

the preliminary project scope. 
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Identify which external partners are involved with HSIP planning. 

 Local Government Agency 

 Other-Police departments 

Police department representatives have participated in preliminary project scoping through field investigations. 

Their input on enforcement and knowledge of the area are instrumental to the overall traffic safety 

recommendations. 

Local government agencies would be involved when projects on local roads are proposed. 

Describe coordination with external partners. 

HSIP projects can be initiated through review of high accident listings and accident data for county roads 

submitted to the county offices. Local agencies can submit project proposals to be considered on the STIP. 

Police department officers are requested to participate in field investigation of potential HSIP project locations. 

They provide personal knowledge of the area and can make safety recommendations that may be incorporated 

within HSIP projects. 

Describe other aspects of HSIP Administration on which the State would like to 

elaborate. 

Statewide projects are submitted to be considered on the STIP. 

Focus is more on corridor low-cost safety improvements versus black spots. 

Program Methodology 

Does the State have an HSIP manual or similar that clearly describes HSIP planning, 

implementation and evaluation processes? 

Yes 

Select the programs that are administered under the HSIP.

 HRRR

Program: HRRR

Date of Program Methodology:9/9/2006

What is the justification for this program? 

 FHWA focused approach to safety

What is the funding approach for this program? 

Funding set-aside

What data types were used in the program methodology? 
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Crashes Exposure Roadway 

 Fatal and serious injury crashes 

only  Lane miles  Functional classification

What project identification methodology was used for this program? 

 Crash frequency

 Crash rate

Are local roads (non-state owned and operated) included or addressed in this 

program?

Yes

Are local road projects identified using the same methodology as state roads?

No

Describe the methodology used to identify local road projects as part of this program.

Methodology for local roads use the crash frequency because of the lack of traffic volume data. 

Methodology for State roads use the crash rate.

How are projects under this program advanced for implementation?

 Other-Submitted to be included in the STIP. Follow with collaboration with the Districts.

Select the processes used to prioritize projects for implementation. For the methods 

selected, indicate the relative importance of each process in project prioritization. 

Enter either the weights or numerical rankings. If weights are entered, the sum must 

equal 100. If ranks are entered, indicate ties by giving both processes the same rank 

and skip the next highest rank (as an example: 1, 2, 2, 4).

Rank of Priority Consideration

Ranking based on B/C:2

Available funding:1

Cost Effectiveness:3

What percentage of HSIP funds address systemic improvements? 

 75

 HSIP funds are used to address which of the following systemic 

improvements? 

 Rumble Strips 

What process is used to identify potential countermeasures? 

 Crash data analysis 
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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 Engineering Study 

Does the State HSIP consider connected vehicles and ITS technologies? 

No

Does the State use the Highway Safety Manual to support HSIP efforts? 

No

HDOT will be implementing Highway Safety Manual (HSM) Predictive Methodology into our system. The 

implementation will include loading and massaging the roadway feature data, setting up the libraries, 

processing, and performing HSM processing to determine Crash Modification Factors (CMF)s, Expected 

Crashes, Safety Index scores based upon HSM predictive method, Safety Comparable Index, and Safety 

Rating. Completion of this implementation is expected next year. 

Describe other aspects of the HSIP methodology on which the State would like to 

elaborate.

During this period, run off roadway and median crossover type accidents were targeted. HDOT is currently 

focusing on reducing fatalities and serious injury type accidents by implementing cost-effective safety 

improvement projects along corridors with a history of these types of accidents. In Hawaii, these types of 

accidents have a greater potential of reducing fatalities and serious injury accidents cost-effectively, in 

comparison to "black spot" type projects. HDOT has collaborated with the University of Hawaii to develop a 

Systemic Roadway Departure Plan. With the development of this plan, HDOT hopes to address more systemic 

safety improvements with proven low-cost safety countermeasures. Plan has just been completed and is under 

review.
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Project Implementation

Funds Programmed 

Reporting period for HSIP funding.

Federal Fiscal Year

Enter the programmed and obligated funding for each applicable funding category.

FUNDING CATEGORY PROGRAMMED OBLIGATED % 

OBLIGATED/PROGRAMMED

HSIP (23 U.S.C. 148) $9,918,267 $2,614,486 26.36%

HRRR Special Rule (23 

U.S.C. 148(g)(1))

$0 $0 0%

Penalty Funds (23 U.S.C. 

154)

$2,684,156 $2,684,156 100%

Penalty Funds (23 U.S.C. 

164)

$2,684,156 $1,515,960 56.48%

RHCP (for HSIP 

purposes) (23 U.S.C. 

130(e)(2))

$1,225,000 $2,448,205 199.85%

Other Federal-aid Funds 

(i.e. STBG, NHPP)

$0 $0 0%

State and Local Funds $0 $0 0%

Totals $16,511,579 $9,262,807 56.1%

The penalty transfer is impacting the HSIP core obligation rate. Our administration plans to introduce 

legislation to attain compliance. 

We would like to have more projects initiated and assigned for design and construction. There is an inability of 

design staff to handle the workload. Areas such as: 106, right-of-way, and environmental requirements delay 

projects. 

The obligated percentage is based on the latest project status report available. We anticipate obligating more 

HSIP funds before the end of FFY20.

How much funding is programmed to local (non-state owned and operated) or tribal 

safety projects? 

0%

How much funding is obligated to local or tribal safety projects? 

0%

HSIP funds are available to the local agencies for safety projects, as requested. 

How much funding is programmed to non-infrastructure safety projects? 

$1,675,188
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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How much funding is obligated to non-infrastructure safety projects?

$1,675,188

Funding for Non-Infrastructure safety projects include transportation safety planning and data improvements.

How much funding was transferred in to the HSIP from other core program areas 

during the reporting period under 23 U.S.C. 126?

$0

How much funding was transferred out of the HSIP to other core program areas during 

the reporting period under 23 U.S.C. 126?

$0

Discuss impediments to obligating HSIP funds and plans to overcome this challenge in 

the future.

The penalty transfer is impacting the HSIP core obligation rate. We would like to have more projects initiated 

and assigned for design and construction. We plan on utilizing IDIQ type contracts to facilitate the 

implementation of cost-effective safety improvements.

Describe any other aspects of the State’s progress in implementing HSIP projects on 

which the State would like to elaborate. 

Progress of all HSIP projects is monitored very closely. HSIP program staff follow-up with project managers 

and fiscal staff on a regular basis to track project schedules and make adjustments and modifications to the 

program to minimize the potential for lapsing funds, as well as spend HSIP funds efficiently.
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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General Listing of Projects 

List the projects obligated using HSIP funds for the reporting period.

PROJECT 

NAME

IMPROVEMENT 

CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY OUTPUTS OUTPUT TYPE

HSIP 

PROJECT 

COST($)

TOTAL 

PROJECT 

COST($)

FUNDING 

CATEGORY

LAND 

USE/AREA 

TYPE

FUNCTIONAL 

CLASSIFICATION AADT SPEED OWNERSHIP

METHOD 

FOR SITE 

SELECTION

SHSP 

EMPHASIS 

AREA

SHSP 

STRATEGY

H1 Guardrail 

and Should 

Improvements, 

Middle Street 

to Punchbowl

Shoulder 

treatments

Shoulder 

treatments - other

2.5 Miles $3816000 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Urban Principal ArterialInterstate196,900 45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

HONInstallation of 

Enhanced 

Pavement 

Marking and 

New Milled 

Rumble Strip 

at various 

locations

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

15 Miles $700389 RHCP (for 

HSIP 

purposes) 

(23 U.S.C. 

130(e)(2))

Urban Principal ArterialInterstate49,100 60 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

MauiInstallation of 

Enhanced 

Pavement 

Marking and 

New Milled 

Rumble Strips

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

23.15 Miles $1219227.23 RHCP (for 

HSIP 

purposes) 

(23 U.S.C. 

130(e)(2))

Multiple/Varies Multiple/Varies 37,400 45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

H1 Safety 

Improvements, 

Palailai 

Interchange to 

Waiawa 

Overpass

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

9 Miles $3000000 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Urban Principal ArterialInterstate222,000 55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

Piilani 

Highway 

Safety 

Improvements, 

North Kihei 

Road to 

Vicinity of 

Wailea Ike 

Drive

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

7.1 Miles $528588.56 RHCP (for 

HSIP 

purposes) 

(23 U.S.C. 

130(e)(2))

Urban Principal ArterialOther42,400 45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

Maui State - 

Honoapiilani 

Highway 

Safety 

Improvements, 

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

5.72 Miles $135000 HSIP (23 

U.S.C. 148)

Rural Principal ArterialOther27,400 45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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PROJECT 

NAME

IMPROVEMENT 

CATEGORY SUBCATEGORY OUTPUTS OUTPUT 

TYPE

HSIP 

PROJECT 

COST($)

TOTAL 

PROJECT 

COST($)

FUNDING 

CATEGORY

LAND 

USE/AREA 

TYPE

FUNCTIONAL 

CLASSIFICATION AADT SPEED OWNERSHIP

METHOD 

FOR SITE 

SELECTION

SHSP 

EMPHASIS 

AREA

SHSP 

STRATEGY

Kapoli Street 

to Papalaua 

Beach Park

departure 

crashes

Kauai State - 

Installation of 

Enhanced 

Pavement 

Marking and 

New Milled 

Rumble Strip 

at various 

locations

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

13.04 Miles $2161649.27 Penalty 

Funds (23 

U.S.C. 154)

Multiple/Varies Multiple/Varies 34,100 50 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

State of Hawaii 

Advanced 

Crash Analysis 

(SHACA)

Noninfrastructure Data/traffic 

records

$900000 Penalty 

Funds (23 

U.S.C. 164)

N/A N/A 0 Data Improve linkage 

and integration of 

data

Pali Highway 

Resurfacing, 

Vineyard 

Boulevard to 

Waokanaka 

Street 

Roadway Rumble strips - 

edge or shoulder

2.64 Miles $546371.7 Penalty 

Funds (23 

U.S.C. 154)

Urban Principal ArterialOther Freeways & 

Expressways

54,439 35 State 

Highway 

Agency

Systemic Roadway 

Departure

Improve roadway 

infrastructure by 

installing 

countermeasures 

to reduce lane 

departure 

crashes

Statewide - 

State Planning 

Program 

FF2021

Noninfrastructure Transportation 

safety planning

$775187.55 Penalty 

Funds (23 

U.S.C. 164)

Multiple/Varies Multiple/Varies 0 Data Improve linkage 

and integration of 

data
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Safety Performance

General Highway Safety Trends 

Present data showing the general highway safety trends in the State for the past five 

years. 

PERFORMANCE 

MEASURES 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Fatalities 100 125 102 95 93 120 107 117 108

Serious Injuries 378 441 488 512 458 412 392 360 537

Fatality rate (per 

HMVMT)

1.004 1.251 1.010 0.933 0.908 1.136 0.997 1.075 0.984

Serious injury rate (per 

HMVMT)

3.795 4.412 4.833 5.028 4.472 3.900 3.653 3.307 4.892

Number non-motorized 

fatalities

25 28 27 32 30 32 21 46 41

Number of nonmotorized serious 

injuries

68 72 100 92 91 102 88 80 118
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Annual Fatalities

Fatalities 5 Year Rolling Avg.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Annual Serious Injuries

Serious Injuries 5 Year Rolling Avg.
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Fatality rate (per HMVMT)

Fatality rate (per HMVMT) 5 Year Rolling Avg.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Serious injury rate (per HMVMT)

Serious injury rate (per HMVMT) 5 Year Rolling Avg.
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Describe fatality data source. 

FARS

To the maximum extent possible, present this data by functional classification and 

ownership. 

Year 2019

Functional 

Classification

Number of Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

 (per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Rural Principal 

Arterial (RPA) - 

Interstate

0 0

Rural Principal 

Arterial (RPA) - Other 

Freeways and 

Expressways

0 0

Rural Principal 

Arterial (RPA) - Other

19.2 0.15

Rural Minor Arterial 1.8 0.02

Rural Minor Collector 0 0

Rural Major Collector 0 0

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Non Motorized Fatalities and Serious Injuries

Fatalities Serious Injuries 5 Year Rolling Avg.
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Functional 

Classification

Number of Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

 (per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Rural Local Road or 

Street

1 0.01

Urban Principal 

Arterial (UPA) - 

Interstate

4.6 0.06

Urban Principal 

Arterial (UPA) - Other 

Freeways and 

Expressways

0 0

Urban Principal 

Arterial (UPA) - Other

47 0.44

Urban Minor Arterial 21.4 0.2

Urban Minor Collector 0.8 0.01

Urban Major Collector 1.2 0.01

Urban Local Road or 

Street

9.6 0.09
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Year 2019

Roadways Number of Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

(per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury Rate

 (per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

State Highway 

Agency

74.4 0.7

County Highway 

Agency

34.4 32.11

Town or Township 

Highway Agency

City or Municipal 

Highway Agency

State Park, Forest, or 

Reservation Agency

Local Park, Forest or 

Reservation Agency

Other State Agency

Other Local Agency

Private (Other than 

Railroad)

Railroad

State Toll Authority

Local Toll Authority

Other Public 

Instrumentality (e.g. 

Airport, School, 

University)

Indian Tribe Nation

We are currently addressing the accuracy and completeness of our data. The functional classification and 

roadway ownership are something that is presently being worked on. Data for next year's report should reflect 

more complete and current data for serious injuries. 

Provide additional discussion related to general highway safety trends. 

We are currently addressing the accuracy of our data. We are working with our vendor to address quality 

control of the backlog that was entered. Data for next year's report should reflect more accurate data as the 

development of the database is currently underway. 
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Safety Performance Targets

Safety Performance Targets

Calendar Year 2021 Targets *

Number of Fatalities:103.0

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

This performance target was determined by using a linear trend line based on the 2013 -2019 five-year 

average data and an analysis of external factors, including the recently updated Hawaii SHSP; Vision Zero 

Plans developed and implemented in each county; planned roadway infrastructure safety improvement 

projects; and safety impacts of proposed grants.This performance target is identical to the performance target 

in the State's HSP and is the result of collaborative efforts between HDOT's Traffic Safety Section, HDOT's 

Highway Safety Section, DOH's EMS & Injury Prevention Systems Branch and the Oahu MPO.

Number of Serious Injuries:427.0

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

This performance target was determined by using a linear trend line based on the 2014 -2019 five-year 

average data and an analysis of external factors, including the recently updated Hawaii SHSP; Vision Zero 

Plans developed and implemented in each county; planned roadway infrastructure safety improvement 

projects; and safety impacts of proposed grants. Implementation of the newly revised Motor Vehicle Accident 

Report (MVAR) is also expected to impact the number of serious traffic injuries because of the change in 

terminology from "incapacitating injury" to "suspected serious injury" and a potential increase in crash 

reporting.This performance target is identical to the performance target in the State's HSP and is the result of 

collaborative efforts between HDOT's Traffic Safety Section, HDOT's Highway Safety Section, DOH's EMS & 

Injury Prevention Systems Branch and the Oahu MPO.

Fatality Rate:0.968

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

This performance target was determined by using a linear trend line based on the 2014 -2019 five-year 

average data and an analysis of external factors, including the recently updated Hawaii SHSP; Vision Zero 

Plans developed and implemented in each county; planned roadway infrastructure safety improvement 

projects; and safety impacts of proposed grants.This performance target is identical to the performance target 

in the State's HSP and is the result of collaborative efforts between HDOT's Traffic Safety Section, HDOT's 

Highway Safety Section, DOH's EMS & Injury Prevention Systems Branch and the Oahu MPO.

Serious Injury Rate:3.912

Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

This performance target was determined by using a linear trend line based on the 2013 -2019 five-year 

average data and an analysis of external factors, including the recently updated Hawaii SHSP; Vision Zero 

Plans developed and implemented in each county; planned roadway infrastructure safety improvement 

projects; and safety impacts of proposed grants. Implementation of the newly revised Motor Vehicle Accident 

Report (MVAR) is also expected to impact the number of serious traffic injuries because of the change in 

terminology from "incapacitating injury" to "suspected serious injury" and a potential increase in crash 

reporting.

Total Number of Non-Motorized Fatalities and Serious Injuries:136.8
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Describe the basis for established target, including how it supports SHSP goals.

This performance target was determined by using a linear trend line based on the 2012 -2019 five-year 

average data and an analysis of external factors, including the recently updated Hawaii SHSP; Vision Zero 

Plans developed and implemented in each county; planned roadway infrastructure safety improvement 

projects; and safety impacts of proposed grants. 

Describe efforts to coordinate with other stakeholders (e.g. MPOs, SHSO) to establish 

safety performance targets. 

The numbers in the HSIP report should match the numbers in the HSP. We also shared the safety 

performance targets with Oahu Metropolitan Planning Organization (OMPO) to assist them in reporting their 

performance targets. 

The performance targets are the result of collaborative efforts between HDOT's Traffic Safety Section, HDOT's 

Highway Safety Section, DOH's EMS & Injury Prevention Systems Branch and OMPO. 

Does the State want to report additional optional targets? 

No

Describe progress toward meeting the State’s 2019 Safety Performance Targets (based 

on data available at the time of reporting). For each target, include a discussion of any 

reasons for differences in the actual outcomes and targets. 

PERFORMANCE MEASURES TARGETS ACTUALS

Number of Fatalities 96.0 109.0

Number of Serious Injuries 413.0 431.8

Fatality Rate 0.916 1.020

Serious Injury Rate 3.950 4.045

Non-Motorized Fatalities and 

Serious Injuries

120.7 129.8

The number of serious injuries, serious injury rate and non-motorized fatalities and serious injuries have 

increased from the projected 2019 Safety Performance Targets. Implementation of the newly revised Motor 

Vehicle Accident Report (MVAR) has shown an increased impact on the number of serious traffic injuries 

because of the change in terminology from "incapacitating injury" to "suspected serious injury". 

The number of fatalities and fatality rate has increased from the projected 2018 Safety Performance Targets. 

The target for the number of fatalities and fatality rate was based on the goal from the last SHSP. It was an 

optimistic goal. 

Applicability of Special Rules 

Does the HRRR special rule apply to the State for this reporting period? 

No
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Provide the number of older driver and pedestrian fatalities and serious injuries 65 

years of age and older for the past seven years.

PERFORMANCE 

MEASURES 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Number of Older Driver 

and Pedestrian Fatalities

11 20 13 20 17 24 18

Number of Older Driver 

and Pedestrian Serious 

Injuries

26 33 34 43 34 44 48
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 23 of 32

Evaluation

Program Effectiveness 

How does the State measure effectiveness of the HSIP? 

 Benefit/Cost Ratio 

Based on the measures of effectiveness selected previously, describe the results of 

the State's program level evaluations. 

If benefit/cost ratio is greater than 1 it is determined to be an indicator of success. 

What other indicators of success does the State use to demonstrate effectiveness and 

success of the Highway Safety Improvement Program? 

 HSIP Obligations 

We need to continuously track the completion of HSIP projects to make sure there are no lapsing funds 

Effectiveness of Groupings or Similar Types of Improvements 

Present and describe trends in SHSP emphasis area performance measures. 

Year 2019

SHSP Emphasis Area Targeted Crash 

Type

Number of 

Fatalities

(5-yr avg)

Number of 

Serious 

Injuries

(5-yr avg)

Fatality Rate

 (per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Serious Injury 

Rate

 (per HMVMT)

(5-yr avg)

Lane Departure Run-off-road & 

cross centerline

41 129 0.38 1.21

Intersections Intersections 28 124 0.26 1.17

Pedestrians Vehicle/pedestrian 31 82 0.29 0.77

Bicyclists Vehicle/bicycle 3 16 0.03 0.15

Motorcyclists Motorcycles & 

Mopeds

26 116 0.24 1.09
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists

Fatalities

Number of Fatalities 

5 Year Average

2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017 2014-2018 2015-2019

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists

Serious Injuries

Number of Serious Injuries 

5 Year Average

2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017 2014-2018 2015-2019
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Has the State completed any countermeasure effectiveness evaluations during the 

reporting period?

No

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists

Fatality Rate

Fatality Rate (per HMVMT) 

5 Year Average

2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017 2014-2018 2015-2019

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

Lane Departure Intersections Pedestrians Bicyclists Motorcyclists

Serious Injury Rate

Serious Injury Rate (per HMVMT) 

5 Year Average

2011-2015 2012-2016 2013-2017 2014-2018 2015-2019
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 26 of 32

HDOT has collaborated with the University of Hawaii to develop a Systemic Roadway Departure Plan. With the 

development of the plan, HDOT plans to address more systemic safety improvements with proven low-cost 

safety countermeasures. The plan has recently been completed and is under review. HDOT will evaluate the 

effectiveness of the countermeasures.
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 27 of 32

Project Effectiveness 

Provide the following information for previously implemented projects that the State evaluated this reporting period. 

LOCATION FUNCTIONAL 

CLASS

IMPROVEMENT 

CATEGORY

IMPROVEMENT 

TYPE

PDO

BEFORE

PDO

AFTER

FATALITY

BEFORE

FATALITY

AFTER

SERIOUS 

INJURY

BEFORE

SERIOUS 

INJURY

AFTER

ALL OTHER 

INJURY

BEFORE

ALL OTHER 

INJURY

AFTER

TOTAL

BEFORE

TOTAL

AFTER

EVALUATION 

RESULTS

(BENEFIT/COST 

RATIO)

Choose option 

not to report at 

this time

Describe any other aspects of HSIP effectiveness on which the State would like to elaborate. 

The State of Hawaii considers fatal and serious injury accidents for all analyses along with the total number of major traffic accidents. We will be working towards providing more of the requested data with next year's submittal as our 

database becomes more complete and accurate.
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 28 of 32

Compliance Assessment

What date was the State’s current SHSP approved by the Governor or designated State representative?

 11/20/2019

What are the years being covered by the current SHSP? 

From: 2019 To: 2024

When does the State anticipate completing it’s next SHSP update?

 2025

Provide the current status (percent complete) of MIRE fundamental data elements collection efforts using the table below. 

*Based on Functional Classification (MIRE 1.0 Element Number) [MIRE 2.0 Element Number]

ROAD TYPE *MIRE NAME (MIRE 

NO.)

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - SEGMENT

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - INTERSECTION

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - RAMPS LOCAL PAVED ROADS UNPAVED ROADS

STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE

ROADWAY SEGMENT Segment Identifier 

(12) [12]

100 100 100 100

Route Number (8) 

[8]

100 100

Route/Street Name 

(9) [9]

100 100

Federal Aid/Route 

Type (21) [21]

100 100

Rural/Urban 

Designation (20) [20]

100 100 100 100

Surface Type (23) 

[24]

100 100 100 100

Begin Point 

Segment Descriptor 

(10) [10]

100 100 100 100

End Point Segment 

Descriptor (11) [11]

100 100 100 100

Segment Length 

(13) [13]

100 100

Direction of 

Inventory (18) [18]

100 100

Functional Class 

(19) [19]

100 100 100 100

Median Type (54) 

[55]

100 100
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 29 of 32

ROAD TYPE *MIRE NAME (MIRE 

NO.)

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - SEGMENT

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - INTERSECTION

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - RAMPS LOCAL PAVED ROADS UNPAVED ROADS

STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE

Access Control (22) 

[23]

100 100

One/Two Way 

Operations (91) [93]

100 100

Number of Through 

Lanes (31) [32]

100 100 100 100

Average Annual 

Daily Traffic (79) [81]

100 100 100

AADT Year (80) [82] 100 100

Type of 

Governmental 

Ownership (4) [4]

100 100 100 100

INTERSECTION Unique Junction 

Identifier (120) [110]

Location Identifier 

for Road 1 Crossing 

Point (122) [112]

Location Identifier 

for Road 2 Crossing 

Point (123) [113]

Intersection/Junction 

Geometry (126) 

[116]

Intersection/Junction 

Traffic Control (131) 

[131]

AADT for Each 

Intersecting Road 

(79) [81]

AADT Year (80) [82]

Unique Approach 

Identifier (139) [129]

INTERCHANGE/RAMP Unique Interchange 

Identifier (178) [168]

100 100

Location Identifier 

for Roadway at 

Beginning of Ramp 

Terminal (197) [187]

100 100
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 30 of 32

ROAD TYPE *MIRE NAME (MIRE 

NO.)

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - SEGMENT

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - INTERSECTION

NON LOCAL PAVED

ROADS - RAMPS LOCAL PAVED ROADS UNPAVED ROADS

STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE STATE NON-STATE

Location Identifier 

for Roadway at 

Ending Ramp 

Terminal (201) [191]

100 100

Ramp Length (187) 

[177]

100 100

Roadway Type at 

Beginning of Ramp 

Terminal (195) [185]

100

Roadway Type at 

End Ramp Terminal 

(199) [189]

100

Interchange Type 

(182) [172]

100

Ramp AADT (191) 

[181]

100 100

Year of Ramp AADT 

(192) [182]

100 100

Functional Class 

(19) [19]

100 100

Type of 

Governmental 

Ownership (4) [4]

100 100

Totals (Average Percent Complete): 100.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 72.73 100.00 100.00 88.89 0.00 0.00

*Based on Functional Classification (MIRE 1.0 Element Number) [MIRE 2.0 Element Number]

No changes. 

Describe actions the State will take moving forward to meet the requirement to have complete access to the MIRE fundamental data elements on all public roads by September 30, 2026. 

No actions at this time. 

We suggest the Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) coordinates intimately with MIRE to meet the requirements.
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 31 of 32

Optional Attachments

Program Structure:

HSIP report2006.doc

Project Implementation:

Safety Performance:

Evaluation:

Compliance Assessment:
2020 Hawaii Highway Safety Improvement Program

Page 32 of 32

Glossary

5 year rolling average: means the average of five individuals, consecutive annual points of data 

(e.g. annual fatality rate).

Emphasis area: means a highway safety priority in a State’s SHSP, identified through a data-driven, 

collaborative process.

Highway safety improvement project: means strategies, activities and projects on a public road 

that are consistent with a State strategic highway safety plan and corrects or improves a hazardous 

road location or feature or addresses a highway safety problem.

HMVMT: means hundred million vehicle miles traveled.

Non-infrastructure projects: are projects that do not result in construction. Examples of noninfrastructure projects include road safety audits, transportation safety planning activities, 

improvements in the collection and analysis of data, education and outreach, and enforcement 

activities.

Older driver special rule: applies if traffic fatalities and serious injuries per capita for drivers and 

pedestrians over the age of 65 in a State increases during the most recent 2-year period for which 

data are available, as defined in the Older Driver and Pedestrian Special Rule Interim Guidance 

dated February 13, 2013.

Performance measure: means indicators that enable decision-makers and other stakeholders to 

monitor changes in system condition and performance against established visions, goals, and 

objectives.

Programmed funds: mean those funds that have been programmed in the Statewide Transportation 

Improvement Program (STIP) to be expended on highway safety improvement projects.

Roadway Functional Classification: means the process by which streets and highways are 

grouped into classes, or systems, according to the character of service they are intended to provide.

Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP): means a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary plan, based on 

safety data developed by a State Department of Transportation in accordance with 23 U.S.C. 148.

Systematic: refers to an approach where an agency deploys countermeasures at all locations across 

a system.

Systemic safety improvement: means an improvement that is widely implemented based on high 

risk roadway features that are correlated with specific severe crash types.

Transfer: means, in accordance with provisions of 23 U.S.C. 126, a State may transfer from an 

apportionment under section 104(b) not to exceed 50 percent of the amount apportioned for the fiscal 

year to any other apportionment of the State under that section.