Virginia

Highway Safety Improvement Program

2014 Annual Report

Prepared by: VA
ii

Disclaimer

Protection of Data from Discovery & Admission into Evidence

23 U.S.C. 148(h)(4) states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, 

lists, or data compiled or collected for any purpose relating to this section [HSIP], shall not be 

subject to discovery or admitted into evidence in a Federal or State court proceeding or considered 

for other purposes in any action for damages arising from any occurrence at a location identified or 

addressed in the reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or other data.” 

23 U.S.C. 409 states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, lists, 

or data compiled or collected for the purpose of identifying, evaluating, or planning the safety 

enhancement of potential accident sites, hazardous roadway conditions, or railway-highway 

crossings, pursuant to sections 130, 144, and 148 of this title or for the purpose of developing any 

highway safety construction improvement project which may be implemented utilizing Federal-aid 

highway funds shall not be subject to discovery or admitted into evidence in a Federal or State 

court proceeding or considered for other purposes in any action for damages arising from any 

occurrence at a location mentioned or addressed in such reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or data.”
iii

Table of Contents

Disclaimer...................................................................................................................................................... ii

Executive Summary....................................................................................................................................... 1

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 4

Program Structure ........................................................................................................................................ 4

Program Administration ........................................................................................................................... 4

Program Methodology.............................................................................................................................. 7

Progress in Implementing Projects............................................................................................................. 22

Funds Programmed............................................................................................................................. 22

General Listing of Projects.................................................................................................................. 25

Progress in Achieving Safety Performance Targets .................................................................................... 45

Overview of General Safety Trends........................................................................................................ 45

Application of Special Rules.................................................................................................................... 60

Assessment of the Effectiveness of the Improvements (Program Evaluation) ..........................................62

SHSP Emphasis Areas.............................................................................................................................. 63

Groups of similar project types............................................................................................................... 68

Systemic Treatments............................................................................................................................... 73

Glossary....................................................................................................................................................... 85
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

1

Executive Summary

This Fiscal Year (FY) 2013-14 annual report to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) describes the 

Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT)'s strategic use of MAP-21 funding of the 

Commonwealth's Highway Safety Improvement Programs (HSIP) for the period July 2013 to June 2014.

MAP-21 continues the HSIP as a core program under Sections 148 and 130 of US Code Title 23 and 

increased the HSIP allocations in Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2013 and 2014. Under Section 154, surface 

transportation program and national highway performance program funds are transferred to be used 

for HSIP eligible proposals because Virginia does not have all the required components in its Open 

Container legislation. As a result, VDOT's HSIP is composed of the following sub-programs utilizing the 

above mentioned federal funding sources (23 USC Sections):

A) Highway Safety Projects (HSP): Section 148

B) Bicycle and Pedestrian Safety Projects (BPSP): Section 148

C) Penalty Transfer-Open Container (OC) Projects: Section 154

A link to the HSIP guidelines, safety proposal submission documentation, and resource information is 

provided on-line at http://www.virginiadot.org/business/ted_app_pro.asp

Virginia's Strategic Highway Safety Plan

In 2013, VDOT completed a multi-agency and disciplinary, engineering, education, enforcment, and 

emergency response (4-E) update of the Commonwealth's Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP). In 

2013, FHWA's Virginia Division approved Virginia's SHSP. VDOT continues to coordinate with its safety 

partners and implement the SHSP engineering strategies to drive investment decisions to improve safety 

and reduce deaths and injuries for this FY2014 reporting period.

Many safety partners are working towards reducing the number and severity of vehicle crashes on the 

Commonwealth's highways. Virginia's HSIP is structured to focus on infrastructure safety emphasis 

areas that may be improved with low cost minimal environmental impact (no right of way) engineering 

countermeasures, namely:

A) Intersection geometry and traffic control

B) Roadway and roadside improvements

C) Bicycle and pedestrian risk reductions
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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New FY2015 Projects

The Commonwealth of Virginia is committed to developing and maintaining a safe, multimodal 

transportation system. For the development of Virginia’s transportation FY 2015 Six-Year Improvement 

Program (SYIP), the HSIP project selection structure and approach was previously modified to follow the 

updated SHSP and the MAP-21 allowances. In 2014, HSIP staff conducted outreach to each VDOT district 

to explain the SHSP and the three percent reduction target for their district. Each district also received 

crash data for each of the SHSP emphasis areas, crash maps for each jurisdiction, detailed information 

on MAP-21 HSIP requirements, and instructions on how to prepare safety proposals. HSIP staff 

developed annual HSIP spending targets for each district based on the combined proportions of lanemiles, vehicle miles travelled and deaths plus severe injuries to consider multiple year project 

development. The district spending targets are based on level FHWA funding in future years. Districts 

considered systemic, corridor and intersection improvements for all users on priority routes and 

intersections identified in the crash data. Districts submitted safety proposals and these proposals 

included high crash locations, long roadway segments, and systemic highway and pedestrian risk 

locations.

Highway Safety Performance

This report provides safety performance measures for deaths and severe injuries and the associated 

rates per 100 million vehicle miles travelled (HMVMT). Since 2001, injury crashes have declined to 

about 45 thousand per year (almost a 20 percent reduction from the 1990's). Severe injuries have 

decreased by approximately 63 percent since 2001, some 7.8 percent per year. Injuries per capital have 

also continued to decline for the last 20 years.

Traffic deaths per population in Virginia remained fairly stable for about 15 years after the declines that 

were seen in the early 1990's. However, 2007 saw a peak in fatal crashes resulting in 1,026 deaths, the 

first time deaths exceeded 1,000 since the early 1990's. Since 2007, a 25 percent in reduction has been

experienced, although traffic deaths increased slightly in 2011 and 2012 the year 2013 decline to 

741(one more than the 2010 low of 740).

Severe traffic crash decreases indicate the effectiveness of improved driver regulations, safer cars, 

education, enforcement, emergency services, and engineering solutions in reducing related injuries. For 

VDOT's HSIP projects that were completed in 2010, we have experienced 62 and 67% reductions in the 

targeted total and severe injury crashes, respectively.

This report documents the following elements of the federally funded HSIP using the FHWA MAP-21 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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(2014) reporting guidance:

1) Program administration and methodology;

2) Progress in administrating safety projects;

3) Evaluation of effectiveness of completed projects;
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Introduction

The Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) is a core Federal-aid program 

with the purpose of achieving a significant reduction in fatalities and serious 

injuries on all public roads. As per 23 U.S.C. 148(h) and 23 CFR 924.15, States are 

required to report annually on the progress being made to advance HSIP 

implementation and evaluation efforts. The format of this report is consistent 

with the HSIP MAP-21 Reporting Guidance dated February 13, 2013 and consists 

of four sections: program structure, progress in implementing HSIP projects, 

progress in achieving safety performance targets, and assessment of the 

effectiveness of the improvements. 

Program Structure

Program Administration

How are Highway Safety Improvement Program funds allocated in a State? 

Central

District

Other

Describe how local roads are addressed as part of Highway Safety Improvement Program.

Virginia previously programmed SAFETEA-LU and prior HSIP funds on local roads. In recent years 

local roads received a disproportionate share of the available funding. Approximately a third of 

active projects are on local roads. However, many of these local administered projects had not 

advanced and obligated the major construction phase portion of the funds. Some local projects 

needed more funds due to increased scope and/or impacts. As such, local agency projects were 

provided additional HSIP allocations needed to fund the cost estimates for construction (thus 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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obligation). New procedures and requirements for locally administered HSIP projects are being 

developed for management consideration for future years.

Local roads safety proposals when submitted are required to follow the same prioritization method 

as VDOT proposals. The proposed project must fit into the localities strategic safety plan. It should 

be data driven as well as have the support of the local governing body. Localities should submit 

their proposals through the local VDOT District Office for inclusion in the district submittal for 

review. The locality maintains its own data system with regards to crash history and local support 

for the proposal. Local roads account for 40 percent of all crashes and 20 percent of all fatal and 

serious injury crashes on Virginia’s highways. However, local safety projects have received up to 

30 percent of Virginia’s HSIP funds for implementation and completion of their safety projects. 

VDOT has been providing the state match to these safety projects for the past several years.

Identify which internal partners are involved with Highway Safety Improvement Program planning. 

Design

Planning

Maintenance

Operations

Governors Highway Safety Office

Other: 

Briefly describe coordination with internal partners. 

To facilitate and expedite the scoping of HSIP projects, HSIP staff visited each District and trained 

regarding MAP-21 requirements, the updated SHSP Emphasis Areas, related safety data available, 

and the multi-disciplinary team needed to provide sound scope, cost, and schedule information. 

Traffic, planning, design and programming and sometimes VDOT Residency (county) liaison staff 

attended the briefings. The SHSP three percent reduction targets by Emphasis Areas were also 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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presented. Finally, the briefing provided information on Systemic Treatment eligibility in MAP-21 

and related information available from the FHWA in December 2013. 

As in the past, HSIP staff presented the target of allocating ten percent to bike and pedestrian 

safety projects was presented. At least ninety percent of HSIP Section 148 of the previously 

unallocated future funds would be programmed on existing and new highway safety projects. 

District staff submitted safety proposal funding requests with the following set of priorities for 

managing the target annual HSIP obligation from FY2015 to 20:

1. Additional funding needs to complete existing HSIP projects or those ongoing projects 

with a specific safety benefit needing additional funds.

2. New safety projects that could be designed and advertised within FY2015

3. New safety projects that could be potentially started in FY2015 and 16 but would need 

additional time and funding to be designed and awarded for construction in future 

years.

Projects were programmed with the appropriate FY allocations needed for a specific phase to be 

delivered from FY 2015 to 2020.

Identify which external partners are involved with Highway Safety Improvement Program planning. 

Metropolitan Planning Organizations

Governors Highway Safety Office

Local Government Association

Other: Other-District/Design/Pe and Planning Staff

Identify any program administration practices used to implement the HSIP that have changed since 

the last reporting period.

Multi-disciplinary HSIP steering committee
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Other: Other-District/Design/PE and Planning Staff

Describe any other aspects of Highway Safety Improvement Program Administration on which you 

would like to elaborate.

FHWA reviewed and commented on the final draft of Virginia's HSIP Guidelines and Policy. Virginia 

anticipates having these new guidelines in place before the next reporting period.The focus of the new 

HSIP guidance will be on the implementation and delivery of both benefit-cost economic evaluation of 

higher cost highway spot and corridor projects and more risk reduction driven systemic safety 

improvement projects.

Program Methodology

Select the programs that are administered under the HSIP. 

Median Barrier Intersection Safe Corridor

Horizontal Curve Bicycle Safety Rural State Highways

Skid Hazard Crash Data Red Light Running Prevention

Roadway Departure Low-Cost Spot Improvements Sign Replacement And 

Improvement

Local Safety Pedestrian Safety Right Angle Crash

Left Turn Crash Shoulder Improvement Segments

Other: 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Program: Intersection

Date of Program Methodology: 7/1/2013

 

What data types were used in the program methodology? 

Crashes Exposure Roadway

All crashes Traffic Median width

Fatal crashes only Volume Horizontal curvature

Fatal and serious injury 

crashes only

Population Functional classification

Other Lane miles Roadside features

Other Other 

What project identification methodology was used for this program? 

Crash frequency

Expected crash frequency with EB adjustment

Equivalent property damage only (EPDO Crash frequency)

EPDO crash frequency with EB adjustment

Relative severity index

Crash rate

Critical rate

Level of service of safety (LOSS)

Excess expected crash frequency using SPFs

Excess expected crash frequency with the EB adjustment

Excess expected crash frequency using method of moments

Probability of specific crash types
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Excess proportions of specific crash types

Other 

Are local roads (non-state owned and operated) included or addressed in this program?

Yes

No

If yes, are local road projects identified using the same methodology as state roads?

Yes

No

How are highway safety improvement projects advanced for implementation?

Competitive application process

Selection committee

Other 

Select the processes used to prioritize projects for implementation. For the methods selected, indicate 

the relative importance of each process in project prioritization. Enter either the weights or numerical 

rankings. If weights are entered, the sum must equal 100. If ranks are entered, indicate ties by giving 

both processes the same rank and skip the next highest rank (as an example: 1, 2, 2, 4).

Relative Weight in Scoring

Rank of Priority Consideration

Ranking based on B/C 1

Available funding 3

Incremental B/C

Ranking based on net benefit
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Other 

Targeted K+A crashes/people 2

Program: Bicycle Safety

Date of Program Methodology: 7/1/2013

 

What data types were used in the program methodology? 

Crashes Exposure Roadway

All crashes Traffic Median width

Fatal crashes only Volume Horizontal curvature

Fatal and serious injury 

crashes only

Population Functional classification

Other-Risk Reduction Lane miles Roadside features

Other Other 

What project identification methodology was used for this program? 

Crash frequency

Expected crash frequency with EB adjustment

Equivalent property damage only (EPDO Crash frequency)

EPDO crash frequency with EB adjustment

Relative severity index

Crash rate

Critical rate
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Level of service of safety (LOSS)

Excess expected crash frequency using SPFs

Excess expected crash frequency with the EB adjustment

Excess expected crash frequency using method of moments

Probability of specific crash types

Excess proportions of specific crash types

Other-Available facilities

Are local roads (non-state owned and operated) included or addressed in this program?

Yes

No

If yes, are local road projects identified using the same methodology as state roads?

Yes

No

How are highway safety improvement projects advanced for implementation?

Competitive application process

Selection committee

Other 

Select the processes used to prioritize projects for implementation. For the methods selected, indicate 

the relative importance of each process in project prioritization. Enter either the weights or numerical 

rankings. If weights are entered, the sum must equal 100. If ranks are entered, indicate ties by giving 

both processes the same rank and skip the next highest rank (as an example: 1, 2, 2, 4).

Relative Weight in Scoring

Rank of Priority Consideration
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Ranking based on B/C

Available funding

Incremental B/C

Ranking based on net benefit

Cost Effectiveness 10

Community Support and 

comprehensive network plan

15

Problem identification inc 

crashes and risk

30

Solution study and selection to 

mitigate risk

45

Program: Crash Data

Date of Program Methodology: 7/1/2013

 

What data types were used in the program methodology? 

Crashes Exposure Roadway

All crashes Traffic Median width

Fatal crashes only Volume Horizontal curvature

Fatal and serious injury 

crashes only

Population Functional classification

Other Lane miles Roadside features

Other Other 

What project identification methodology was used for this program? 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Crash frequency

Expected crash frequency with EB adjustment

Equivalent property damage only (EPDO Crash frequency)

EPDO crash frequency with EB adjustment

Relative severity index

Crash rate

Critical rate

Level of service of safety (LOSS)

Excess expected crash frequency using SPFs

Excess expected crash frequency with the EB adjustment

Excess expected crash frequency using method of moments

Probability of specific crash types

Excess proportions of specific crash types

Other 

Are local roads (non-state owned and operated) included or addressed in this program?

Yes

No

If yes, are local road projects identified using the same methodology as state roads?

Yes

No

How are highway safety improvement projects advanced for implementation?

Competitive application process

Selection committee
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Other 

Select the processes used to prioritize projects for implementation. For the methods selected, indicate 

the relative importance of each process in project prioritization. Enter either the weights or numerical 

rankings. If weights are entered, the sum must equal 100. If ranks are entered, indicate ties by giving 

both processes the same rank and skip the next highest rank (as an example: 1, 2, 2, 4).

Relative Weight in Scoring

Rank of Priority Consideration

Ranking based on B/C 1

Available funding 3

Incremental B/C

Ranking based on net benefit

Other 

Targeted K+A crashes/people 2

Program: Roadway Departure

Date of Program Methodology: 7/1/2013

 

What data types were used in the program methodology? 

Crashes Exposure Roadway

All crashes Traffic Median width

Fatal crashes only Volume Horizontal curvature

Fatal and serious injury Population Functional classification
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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crashes only

Other Lane miles Roadside features

Other Other 

What project identification methodology was used for this program? 

Crash frequency

Expected crash frequency with EB adjustment

Equivalent property damage only (EPDO Crash frequency)

EPDO crash frequency with EB adjustment

Relative severity index

Crash rate

Critical rate

Level of service of safety (LOSS)

Excess expected crash frequency using SPFs

Excess expected crash frequency with the EB adjustment

Excess expected crash frequency using method of moments

Probability of specific crash types

Excess proportions of specific crash types

Other 

Are local roads (non-state owned and operated) included or addressed in this program?

Yes

No

If yes, are local road projects identified using the same methodology as state roads?

Yes
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

16

No

How are highway safety improvement projects advanced for implementation?

Competitive application process

Selection committee

Other 

Select the processes used to prioritize projects for implementation. For the methods selected, indicate 

the relative importance of each process in project prioritization. Enter either the weights or numerical 

rankings. If weights are entered, the sum must equal 100. If ranks are entered, indicate ties by giving 

both processes the same rank and skip the next highest rank (as an example: 1, 2, 2, 4).

Relative Weight in Scoring

Rank of Priority Consideration

Ranking based on B/C 1

Available funding 3

Incremental B/C

Ranking based on net benefit

Other 

Targeted K+A crashes and 

people

2

Program: Pedestrian Safety

Date of Program Methodology: 7/1/2013

 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

17

What data types were used in the program methodology? 

Crashes Exposure Roadway

All crashes Traffic Median width

Fatal crashes only Volume Horizontal curvature

Fatal and serious injury 

crashes only

Population Functional classification

Other-Risk Reduction Lane miles Roadside features

Other Other 

What project identification methodology was used for this program? 

Crash frequency

Expected crash frequency with EB adjustment

Equivalent property damage only (EPDO Crash frequency)

EPDO crash frequency with EB adjustment

Relative severity index

Crash rate

Critical rate

Level of service of safety (LOSS)

Excess expected crash frequency using SPFs

Excess expected crash frequency with the EB adjustment

Excess expected crash frequency using method of moments

Probability of specific crash types

Excess proportions of specific crash types

Other-Community Support and Missing sidewalk 

Are local roads (non-state owned and operated) included or addressed in this program?
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Yes

No

If yes, are local road projects identified using the same methodology as state roads?

Yes

No

How are highway safety improvement projects advanced for implementation?

Competitive application process

Selection committee

Other 

Select the processes used to prioritize projects for implementation. For the methods selected, indicate 

the relative importance of each process in project prioritization. Enter either the weights or numerical 

rankings. If weights are entered, the sum must equal 100. If ranks are entered, indicate ties by giving 

both processes the same rank and skip the next highest rank (as an example: 1, 2, 2, 4).

Relative Weight in Scoring

Rank of Priority Consideration

Ranking based on B/C

Available funding

Incremental B/C

Ranking based on net benefit

Cost Effectiveness 10

Communitysupport, benefitneed and pedestrian accessability15

Problem identification inc 

crashes and risk

30
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

19

Solution proposed for 

improvement to mitigate risk

45

What proportion of highway safety improvement program funds address systemic improvements? 

25

Highway safety improvment program funds are used to address which of the following systemic 

improvments?

Cable Median Barriers Rumble Strips

Traffic Control Device Rehabilitation Pavement/Shoulder Widening

Install/Improve Signing Install/Improve Pavement Marking and/or 

Delineation

Upgrade Guard Rails Clear Zone Improvements

Safety Edge Install/Improve Lighting

Add/Upgrade/Modify/Remove Traffic Signal Other 

What process is used to identify potential countermeasures? 

Engineering Study

Road Safety Assessment

Other: 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Identify any program methodology practices used to implement the HSIP that have changed since the 

last reporting period.

Highway Safety Manual

Road Safety audits

Systemic Approach

Other: 

Describe any other aspects of the Highway Safety Improvement Program methodology on which you 

would like to elaborate. 

VDOT has used the same program methodology since SAFETEA-LU with some modificications for FY2015 

based on the recently approved 2012-2016 Virginia Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP). About 85 

percent of the roadway centerline miles are maintained by VDOT on three systems: interstate, primary, 

and secondary (county) roadways except for secondary roads in Arlington and Henrico Counties.

Statewide transportation safety planning on VDOT maintained systems is performed centrally by HSIP 

staff in the Traffic Engineering Division each year.

Listings and maps of high crash routes and intersections following the SHSP Emphasis Areas were 

provided to VDOT district staff to identify candidate locations for project development. On the VDOT 

systems the following safety planning data is available:

A) Intersections ranked by Deaths (type K) plus Severe Injuries (type A) in the most recent 3 years within 

each jurisdiction. Those locations in the tope 5 percent are first priority. Those between the top 5 and 

15 percent are second priority and the remainders are lower priority.

B) For Roadway Departure emphasis, each route (ID) segment within a jurisdiction was ranked by the 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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number of K plus A severe injury plus visible injuries (type B) for the most recent 5 years. The first 

priority route segments are those with at least one percent of the jurisdicitions KAB injuries. The second 

priority is routes with less than one percent but more than two KAB injuries per year (10 in five years).

C) For Speed and Bicycle and Pedestrian crashes the same route ranking and priority thresholds were 

used but only for K+A injuries.

D) District Traffic Engineers and Planners are now starting to use this data for other project 

prioritization and to provide maps and listing to VDOT residency (3-4 county) staff for interacton with 

local jurisdictions and for project identification (safety based).
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Progress in Implementing Projects

Funds Programmed

Reporting period for Highway Safety Improvement Program funding.

Calendar Year

State Fiscal Year

Federal Fiscal Year

State Fiscal Year: July 1,2013 to June 30, 2014.

Enter the programmed and obligated funding for each applicable funding category.

Funding Category Programmed* Obligated

HSIP (Section 148) 46587222 79 % 20946128 63 %

HRRRP (SAFETEA-LU) 1772116 3 % 1371295 4 %

HRRR Special Rule

Penalty Transfer -

Section 154

10750000 18 % 10750000 33 %

Penalty Transfer –

Section 164

Incentive Grants - 

Section 163

Incentive Grants 

(Section 406)

Other Federal-aid 

Funds (i.e. STP, NHPP)
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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State and Local Funds

Totals 59109338 100% 33067423 100%

How much funding is programmed to local (non-state owned and maintained) safety projects? 

$2,003,445.00

How much funding is obligated to local safety projects?

$1,626,012.00

How much funding is programmed to non-infrastructure safety projects? 

$0.00

How much funding is obligated to non-infrastructure safety projects?

$0.00

How much funding was transferred in to the HSIP from other core program areas during the reporting 

period?
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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$0.00

How much funding was transferred out of the HSIP to other core program areas during the reporting 

period? 

$0.00

Discuss impediments to obligating Highway Safety Improvement Program funds and plans to 

overcome this in the future.

None

Describe any other aspects of the general Highway Safety Improvement Program implementation 

progress on which you would like to elaborate.

None
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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General Listing of Projects

List each highway safety improvement project obligated during the reporting period. 

Projec

t

Improvement Category Outp

ut 

HSIP 

Cost

Total 

Cost

Fundin

g 

Catego

ry

Functional 

Classificati

on

AAD

T

Spee

d

Roadwa

y 

Owners

hip

Relationship to SHSP

Emphasis 

Area

Strategy

19060 Alignment Horizontal and 

vertical alignment

0.175 

Miles

645829 176965

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

3600 45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departure

Reduce 

likelihood of 

vehicles 

leaving 

travel lanes 

and Identify 

locations 

with a large 

number of 

Carshes and 

improve 

roadside 

safety 

devices.

6752

9

Alignment Horizontal and 

vertical alignment

0.477 

Miles

109808

1

449465

5

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

1600

0

55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departure

Reduce 

likelihood of 

vehicles 

leaving 

travel lanes 

and Identify 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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locations 

with a large 

number of 

Carshes and 

improve 

roadside 

safety 

devices.

8144

1

Intersection geometry 

Auxiliary lanes - add leftturn lane

0 

Miles

625552.

82

700000 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

1200

0

45 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

8648

0

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometry -

other

0 

Miles

166500 931464 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

1200

0

35 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

8648

8

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometry -

other

0 

Miles

693000 772558 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Collector

2500

0

35 City of 

Municip

al 

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Highway 

Agency

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

8648

9

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometry -

other

0.1 

Miles

717426 898806 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Collector

8400 35 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

8649

0

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometry -

other

0 

Miles

90000 533304 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

1800

0

45 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

8654

4

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

modernization/replaceme

nt

0.04 

Miles

591925.

18

153005

3

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

1300

0

30 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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control 

devices.

9125

7

Interchange design 

Interchange design - other

0.2 

Miles

395257

9

614312

6

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Interstate

5000

0

25 State 

Highway 

Agency

Lane 

Departure

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices &

Reduce 

likelihood of 

vehicles 

leaving 

travel lanes 

and Identify 

locations 

with a large 

number of 

Carshes and 

improve 

roadside 

safety 

devices. 

9184

9

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

modify signal mounting 

0.015 

Miles

400500 675023 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

7700

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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(spanwire to mast arm) and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

9313

6

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometrics -

miscellaneous/other/unsp

ecified

0.472 

Miles

413795

4

814167

3

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major 

Collector

1200

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

Intersection 

Geometry.

9335

0

Intersection traffic control 

Modify control -

modifications to 

roundabout

0 

Miles

104159

6

122200

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

8400 35 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

9338

6

Pedestrians and bicyclists 

Install sidewalk

0.6 

Miles

628170 970533 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

7700

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Pedestria

ns

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

Intersection 

Geometry.
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

30

9346

5

Alignment Horizontal 

curve realignment

0.2 

Miles

176510

3

224249

2

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

1500

0

55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departure

Reduce 

likelihood of 

vehicles 

leaving 

travel lanes 

and Identify 

locations 

with a large 

number of 

Carshes and 

improve 

roadside 

safety 

devices.

9356

8

Alignment Alignment -

other

0.724 

Miles

218919

2

446298

2

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major 

Collector

1000

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Lane 

Departure

Reduce 

likelihood of 

vehicles 

leaving 

travel lanes 

and Identify 

locations 

with a large 

number of 

Carshes and 

improve 

roadside 

safety 

devices.
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

31

9362

6

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

modernization/replaceme

nt

0 

Miles

169975 292257 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

2300

0

45 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

9563

3

Intersection geometry 

Auxiliary lanes - add leftturn lane

0.1 

Miles

193402 282060 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

1800

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

Intersection 

Geometry.

9675

2

Pedestrians and bicyclists 

Miscellaneous pedestrians 

and bicyclists

0.08 

Miles

403631 619991 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

1300

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Bicyclists Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

Intersection 

Geometry.

9702

7

Intersection traffic control 

Modify control - traffic 

signal to roundabout

0 

Miles

90000 100000 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

7500 45 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

32

Intersection 

Geometry.

9837

1

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometrics -

miscellaneous/other/unsp

ecified

0.25 

Miles

188240

4

180241

8

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

2500

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

9837

2

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometrics -

miscellaneous/other/unsp

ecified

0.1 

Miles

747475 162547

9

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

2600

0

35 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

Intersection 

Geometry.

9837

5

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

modernization/replaceme

nt

0.157 

Miles

837540 109780

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

3500

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

9838 Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

0.08 472028 524476 HSIP 

(Sectio

Urban 

Principal 

5000 45 State 

Highway 

Intersecti Reduce 

frequency 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

33

1 modernization/replaceme

nt

Miles n 148) Arterial -

Other

0 Agency ons and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

9838

2

Access management 

Median crossover -

directional crossover

0.09 

Miles

121500 185732 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

4500

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Lane 

Departure

Apply stateof -the-art 

access 

management 

practices 

through 

standards 

and 

ordinances.

9838

3

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

modernization/replaceme

nt

0.09 

Miles

432847 515941 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

5000

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

9856

1

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometry -

other

0.114 

Miles

306755 340839 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

3100

0

45 County 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

34

and improve 

Intersection 

Geometry.

9856

2

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometry -

other

0.185 

Miles

472232 632984 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

2700

0

0 County 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

Intersection 

Geometry.

9856

3

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

miscellaneous/other/unsp

ecified

0.082 

Miles

140278 155865 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

2600

0

45 County 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

9856

4

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

modernization/replaceme

nt

0.31 

Miles

484940 510534 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

2200

0

45 County 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

35

9856

5

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

modernization/replaceme

nt

0 

Miles

104956 112902 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

2600

0

45 County 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

9891

1

Shoulder treatments 

Shoulder treatments -

other

0.23 

Miles

827508 924136 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major 

Collector

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departure

Reduce 

likelihood of 

vehicles 

leaving 

travel lanes 

and Identify 

locations 

with a large 

number of 

Carshes and 

improve 

roadside 

safety 

devices.

1005

41

Pedestrians and bicyclists 

Install sidewalk

1.6 

Miles

842779 125000

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

4600 55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Pedestria

ns

1005

42

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

0 

Miles

724500 138500

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

Urban 

Principal 

4200

0

45 City of 

Municip

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

36

modernization/replaceme

nt

n 148) Arterial -

Other

al 

Highway 

Agency

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

1005

46

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

miscellaneous/other/unsp

ecified

0 

Miles

591747 450242

6

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

0 0 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

1005

65

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

modernization/replaceme

nt

0 

Miles

677508 772132 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

2500

0

55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

1006

00

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

modernization/replaceme

nt

0.019 

Miles

239777 439724 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major 

Collector

1800

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

37

traffic 

control 

devices.

1006

32

Roadway Roadway - other 0.367 

Miles

869079 133074

3

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Major 

Collector

4900 45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Reduce 

likelihood of 

vehicles 

leaving 

travel lanes 

and Identify 

locations 

with a large 

number of 

Carshes and 

improve 

roadside 

safety 

devices.

1006

55

Alignment Vertical 

alignment or elevation 

change

0.4 

Miles

159374

3

418045

9

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

1000

0

55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departure

Reduce 

likelihood of 

vehicles 

leaving 

travel lanes 

and Identify 

locations 

with a large 

number of 

Carshes and 

improve 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

38

roadside 

safety 

devices.

1006

57

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometry -

other

0 

Miles

243267 272262 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

6800 35 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

Intersection 

Geometry.

1006

59

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

modernization/replaceme

nt

0.05 

Miles

295817 344993 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

4100

0

35 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

1006

61

Intersection traffic control 

Intersection flashers - add 

advance intersection 

warning sign-mounted

0.3 

Miles

55918 65000 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

5544 35 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve the 

awareness 

and 

visibiolity of 

traffic 

control 

device so all 

users can 

navigate the 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

39

intersection.

1006

63

Intersection traffic control 

Intersection flashers - add 

advance intersection 

warning sign-mounted

0.22 

Miles

135979 215000 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other 

Freeways 

and 

Expresswa

ys

1490

3

55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve the 

awareness 

and 

visibiolity of 

traffic 

control 

device so all 

users can 

navigate the 

intersection.

1006

64

Roadside Barrier- metal 22.84 

Miles

170721 355000 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major 

Collector

1706

9

55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departure

Reduce 

likelihood of 

vehicles 

leaving 

travel lanes 

and Identify 

locations 

with a large 

number of 

Crashes and 

improve 

roadside 

safety 

devices.

1007

00

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

0.13 

Miles

278475 371185 HSIP 

(Sectio

Urban 

Principal 

6760

0

50 State 

Highway 

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

40

modernization/replaceme

nt

n 148) Arterial -

Other

Agency and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

1010

19

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

modernization/replaceme

nt

0.4 

Miles

662017 983182 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

5400

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

1025

24

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

replace existing 

indications (incandescentto-LED and/or 8-to-12 inch 

dia.)

0 

Miles

168861

9

220000

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

0 0 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

1025

26

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

replace existing 

indications (incandescentto-LED and/or 8-to-12 inch 

0 

Miles

178402

6

295070

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

0 0 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

41

dia.) traffic 

control 

devices.

1033

17

Interchange design 

Interchange design - other

2 

Miles

725000 500000

00

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Interstate

1800

0

70 State 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departure

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes at 

intersection 

and 

interchanges 

by limitning 

conflicts 

through 

geometric 

design and 

improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.

1034

36

Intersection traffic control 

Modify traffic signal -

modernization/replaceme

nt

0 

Miles

345914 397716 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

2500

0

40 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

42

1046

35

Advanced technology and 

ITS Advanced technology 

and ITS - other

8.01 

Miles

949590 105510

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Interstate

3600

0

65 State 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departure

Reduce 

likelihood of 

vehicles 

leaving 

travel lanes 

and Identify 

locations 

with a large 

number of 

Carshes and 

improve 

roadside 

safety 

devices.

1046

69

Shoulder treatments 

Shoulder treatments -

other

10 

Miles

63237 306865 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

1200

0

55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departure

Reduce 

likelihood of 

vehicles 

leaving 

travel lanes 

and Identify 

locations 

with a large 

number of 

Carshes and 

improve 

roadside 

safety 

devices.
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

43

1046

85

Intersection traffic control 

Intersection flashers - add 

advance intersection 

warning sign-mounted

0 

Miles

158000 158000 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

7700 55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Reduce 

frequency 

and severity 

of crashes 

and improve 

traffic 

control 

devices.Impr

ove the 

visibility of 

traffic 

control 

devices so all 

users can 

navigate the 

intersection.

1046

99

Roadway Pavement 

surface - high friction 

surface

0 

Miles

150738

5

167487

3

HSIP

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major 

Collector

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departure

Reduce 

likelihood of 

vehicles 

leaving 

travel lanes 

and Identify 

locations 

with a large 

number of 

Carshes and 

improve 

roadside 

safety 
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

44

devices.
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

45

Progress in Achieving Safety Performance Targets

Overview of General Safety Trends

Present data showing the general highway safety trends in the state for the past five years. 

Performance Measures* 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Number of fatalities 903 861.8 823 772.8 756.6

Number of serious injuries 18554.8 16386.8 14314.2 12377.8 10798.6

Fatality rate (per HMVMT) 1.18 1.12 1.068 1.004 0.984

Serious injury rate (per 

HMVMT)

24.284 21.314 18.58 16.098 14.056

*Performance measure data is presented using a five-year rolling average.
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

46
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

47
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

48

To the maximum extent possible, present performance measure* data by functional classification and ownership. 

Year - 2013

Function 

Classification

Number of fatalities Number of serious injuries Fatality rate (per HMVMT) Serious injury rate (per HMVMT)

RURAL PRINCIPAL 

ARTERIAL - INTERSTATE

50 544 0.55 5.88

RURAL PRINCIPAL 

ARTERIAL - OTHER 

FREEWAYS AND 

EXPRESSWAYS

69 747 1.11 11.98

RURAL PRINCIPAL 

ARTERIAL - OTHER

61 579 0.99 9.37

RURAL MINOR 

ARTERIAL

96 917 1.85 17.6

RURAL MINOR 

COLLECTOR

16 176 2.87 31.93

RURAL MAJOR 

COLLECTOR

117 1344 2.34 26.88

RURAL LOCAL ROAD OR 

STREET

67 876 2.23 29.04

URBAN PRINCIPAL 55 1190 0.36 7.86
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

49

ARTERIAL - INTERSTATE

URBAN PRINCIPAL 

ARTERIAL - OTHER 

FREEWAYS AND 

EXPRESSWAYS

11 135 0.33 3.9

URBAN PRINCIPAL 

ARTERIAL - OTHER

90 1468 0.72 11.75

URBAN MINOR 

ARTERIAL

84 1418 0.81 13.69

URBAN MINOR 

COLLECTOR

0 0 0 0

URBAN MAJOR 

COLLECTOR

45 684 1.12 16.91

URBAN LOCAL ROAD 

OR STREET

12 258 0.6 13.29

OTHER 0 0 0 0
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

50
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52
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53
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

54

Year - 2013

Roadway Ownership Number of 

fatalities

Number of serious 

injuries

Fatality rate (per 

HMVMT)

Serious injury rate (per 

HMVMT)

STATE HIGHWAY AGENCY 603 7942 0.95 12.58

COUNTY HIGHWAY AGENCY 9 89 0.81 7.63

TOWN OR TOWNSHIP HIGHWAY AGENCY 1 35 0.27 8.2

CITY OF MUNICIPAL HIGHWAY AGENCY 105 1803 0.76 13.29

STATE PARK, FOREST, OR RESERVATION AGENCY 0 1 0 0.19

LOCAL PARK, FOREST OR RESERVATION AGENCY 0 0 0 0

OTHER STATE AGENCY 0 0 0 0

OTHER LOCAL AGENCY 0 0 0 0

PRIVATE (OTHER THAN RAILROAD) 0 0 0 0

RAILROAD 0 0 0 0

STATE TOLL AUTHORITY 0 1 0.23 0.68

LOCAL TOLL AUTHORITY 1 7 0.13 2.89

OTHER PUBLIC INSTRUMENTALITY (E.G. AIRPORT, 

SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY)

0 1 NaN NaN

INDIAN TRIBE NATION 0 0 0 0
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

55

OTHER 36 927 NaN NaN
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

56
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57
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58
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

59
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

60

Describe any other aspects of the general highway safety trends on which you would like to elaborate.

None at this time.

Application of Special Rules

Present the rate of traffic fatalities and serious injuries per capita for drivers and pedestrians over the 

age of 65. 

Older Driver

Performance Measures

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fatality rate (per 

capita)

1.91 1.83 1.76 1.71 1.8

Serious injury rate 

(per capita)

29.93 26.69 23.37 20.58 18.55

Fatality and serious 

injury rate (per capita)

31.84 28.52 25.13 22.29 20.35

*Performance measure data is presented using a five-year rolling average.

Fatal Rate= (Fatal Crashes *100,000)/Population

Injury Rate= ( Injury Crashes*100,000)/Population

Fatal and Injury Rate= ((Fatal+Injury)*100,000)/Population
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

61

Does the older driver special rule apply to your state? 

No
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

62

Assessment of the Effectiveness of the Improvements (Program 

Evaluation)

What indicators of success can you use to demonstrate effectiveness and success in the Highway 

Safety Improvement Program?

None

Benefit/cost

Policy change

Other: 

What significant programmatic changes have occurred since the last reporting period? 

Shift Focus to Fatalities and Serious Injuries

Include Local Roads in Highway Safety Improvement Program

Organizational Changes

None

Other: 

Briefly describe significant program changes that have occurred since the last reporting period. 

None
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

63

SHSP Emphasis Areas

For each SHSP emphasis area that relates to the HSIP, present trends in emphasis area performance measures. 

Year - 2013

HSIP-related SHSP 

Emphasis Areas

Target 

Crash Type

Number of 

fatalities

Number of 

serious injuries

Fatality rate 

(per HMVMT)

Serious injury rate 

(per HMVMT)

Other1Other2Other3

Roadway Departure 407 4168 0.5 5.14 0 0 0

Intersections 192 3366 0.24 4.15 0 0 0

Pedestrians 79 470 0.1 0.58 0 0 0

Bicyclists 10 190 0.01 0.23 0 0 0
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

64
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65
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66
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67
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

68

Groups of similar project types

Present the overall effectiveness of groups of similar types of projects.

HSIP Subprogram TypesTarget 

Crash Type

Number of 

fatalities

Number of 

serious injuries

Fatality rate (per 

HMVMT)

Serious injury rate 

(per HMVMT)

Other1Other2Other3
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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71
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72
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

73

Systemic Treatments

Present the overall effectiveness of systemic treatments.

Systemic 

improvement

Target 

Crash Type

Number of 

fatalities

Number of 

serious injuries

Fatality rate (per 

HMVMT)

Serious injury rate 

(per HMVMT)

Other1Other2Other3
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

76
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

77
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

78

Describe any other aspects of the overall Highway Safety Improvement Program effectiveness on 

which you would like to elaborate. 

None
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

79

Provide project evaluation data for completed projects (optional). 

Locatio

n

Function

al Class

Improveme

nt Category

Improvement Type BefFata

l

BefSeriou

s 

Injury

BefOthe

r 

Injur

y

BefPD

O

BefTota

l

AftFata

l

AftSeriou

s 

Injury

AftOthe

r 

Injur

y

AftPD

O

AftTota

l

Evaluatio

n Results 

(Benefit/ 

Cost 

Ratio)

86539 Rural 

Major 

Collector

Alignment Alignment - other 0 0 1 3 4 0 0 1 0 1 0.57

86540 Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

Alignment Alignment - other 0 3 1 2 6 0 1 3 1 5 3.7

81238 Rural 

Major 

Collector

Alignment Vertical alignment or 

elevation change

1 1 4 5 11 0 1 0 0 1 2.99

86520 Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

Intersection 

geometry

Auxiliary lanes - add left-turn 

lane

0 1 1 3 5 0 0 0 0 0 0.34

90220 Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

Intersection 

geometry

Auxiliary lanes - add left-turn 

lane

1 2 1 5 9 0 0 1 0 1 0.28
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

80

89936 Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

Intersection 

geometry

Auxiliary lanes - extend 

existing left-turn lane

0 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 1 3 6.91

72050 Rural 

Major 

Collector

Intersection 

geometry

Intersection geometry - other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

86515 Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

Intersection 

geometry

Intersection geometry - other 0 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0

52525 Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

Intersection 

traffic control

Intersection traffic control -

other

0 7 20 34 61 0 3 23 29 55 91.27

52506 Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

Intersection 

traffic control

Modify control - modifications 

to roundabout

0 1 4 7 12 0 1 0 3 4 0.83

91366 Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

Intersection 

traffic control

Modify traffic signal -

miscellaneous/other/unspecifi

ed

0 1 14 24 39 0 1 8 19 28 5.08

56788 Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

Intersection 

traffic control

Modify traffic signal -

miscellaneous/other/unspecifi

ed

0 0 3 15 18 0 0 3 6 9 0.79
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

81

71287 Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

Intersection 

traffic control

Modify traffic signal -

miscellaneous/other/unspecifi

ed

0 4 28 51 83 0 0 9 11 20 8.47

77159 Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

Intersection 

traffic control

Modify traffic signal -

miscellaneous/other/unspecifi

ed

0 0 5 26 31 0 0 10 12 22 12.4

71451 Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

Intersection 

traffic control

Modify traffic signal - modify 

signal mounting (spanwire to 

mast arm)

1 14 40 73 128 0 5 47 51 103 14.56

81444 Urban 

Collector

Intersection 

traffic control

Modify traffic signal - modify 

signal mounting (spanwire to 

mast arm)

0 3 12 8 23 0 1 3 5 9 2.31

95073 Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

Intersection 

traffic control

Modify traffic signal - modify 

signal mounting (spanwire to 

mast arm)

2 1 3 8 14 0 0 5 2 7 4.23

77157 Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

Intersection 

traffic control

Modify traffic signal - modify 

signal mounting (spanwire to 

mast arm)

0 3 4 26 33 0 1 5 10 16 17.12

86545 Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Roadway Roadway - other 1 2 2 7 12 0 1 0 2 3 0.51
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

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Other

94970 Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

Roadway Roadway widening - travel 

lanes

2 0 2 2 6 0 0 2 3 5 0.06

90731 Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

Roadway Rumble strips - center 0 0 1 7 8 0 0 0 2 2 0.16

86481 Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

Roadway Rumble strips - center 0 0 1 1 2 0 2 2 3 7 2.64

90732 Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

Roadway Rumble strips - center 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0.31

90733 Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

Roadway Rumble strips - center 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 3 0.52

90734 Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

Roadway Rumble strips - center 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0

90736 Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

Roadway Rumble strips - center 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

89658 Rural 

Minor 

Roadway Rumble strips - center 1 4 3 3 11 0 1 3 3 7 1.49
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

83

Arterial

86476 Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

Roadway Rumble strips - edge or 

shoulder

0 4 1 2 7 0 1 5 3 9 2.6

52530 Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

Roadway 

signs and 

traffic control

Roadway signs and traffic 

control - other

0 3 4 7 14 0 0 1 8 9 3.02
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

84

Optional Attachments

Sections Files Attached
2014 Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program

85

Glossary

5 year rolling average means the average of five individual, consecutive annual points of data (e.g. 

annual fatality rate).

Emphasis area means a highway safety priority in a State’s SHSP, identified through a data-driven, 

collaborative process. 

Highway safety improvement project means strategies, activities and projects on a public road that are 

consistent with a State strategic highway safety plan and corrects or improves a hazardous road location 

or feature or addresses a highway safety problem. 

HMVMT means hundred million vehicle miles traveled.

Non-infrastructure projects are projects that do not result in construction. Examples of noninfrastructure projects include road safety audits, transportation safety planning activities, 

improvements in the collection and analysis of data, education and outreach, and enforcement 

activities.

Older driver special rule applies if traffic fatalities and serious injuries per capita for drivers and 

pedestrians over the age of 65 in a State increases during the most recent 2-year period for which data 

are available, as defined in the Older Driver and Pedestrian Special Rule Interim Guidance dated 

February 13, 2013. 

Performance measure means indicators that enable decision-makers and other stakeholders to monitor 

changes in system condition and performance against established visions, goals, and objectives.

Programmed funds mean those funds that have been programmed in the Statewide Transportation 

Improvement Program (STIP) to be expended on highway safety improvement projects.

Roadway Functional Classification means the process by which streets and highways are grouped into 

classes, or systems, according to the character of service they are intended to provide.

Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP) means a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary plan, based on safety 

data developed by a State Department of Transportation in accordance with 23 U.S.C. 148. 

Systemic safety improvement means an improvement that is widely implemented based on high risk 

roadway features that are correlated with specific severe crash types. 

Transfer means, in accordance with provisions of 23 U.S.C. 126, a State may transfer from an 

apportionment under section 104(b) not to exceed 50 percent of the amount apportioned for the fiscal 

year to any other apportionment of the State under that section.