http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov

FHWA Safety Program

Highway Safety Improvement Program

2013 National Summary Report
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Disclaimer/Quality Assurance

Notice

This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation in the 

interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the use of the 

information contained in this document. This report does not constitute a standard, specification or 

regulation. The U.S. Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trademarks or 

manufacturers’ names may appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the 

objective of the document. 

Quality Assurance Statement

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provides high –quality information to serve Government, 

industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are 

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periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality 

improvement. 
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Technical Documentation Page

1. Report No.

FHWA-SA-14-030

2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No.

4. Title and Subtitle

HSIP 2013 National Summary Report

5. Report Date

July 2014

6. Performing Organization Code

7. Author(s) 

Sarah Smith and Daniel Carter

8. Performing Organization Report No.

9. Performing Organization Name and Address

University of North Carolina

Highway Safety Research Center

730 ML King Jr Blvd, CB #3430

Chapel Hill, NC 27599

10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS)

11. Contract or Grant No.

DTFH61-11-C-00050

12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address

Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)

Office of Safety

1200 New Jersey Ave, SE

Washington, DC 20590

13. Type of Report and Period Covered

Summary Report

2013

14. Sponsoring Agency Code

FHWA

15. Supplementary Notes

16. Abstract

The HSIP 2013 National Summary Report compiles and summarizes aggregate information 

related to the States’ progress in implementing HSIP projects. Progress in implementing HSIP 

projects is described based on the amount of HSIP funds available and the number and general 

listing of projects initiated during the 2013 reporting cycle. The HSIP 2013 National Summary 

Report is not intended to compare states; rather to illustrate how the states are collectively 

implementing the HSIP to reduce fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads across the 

nation.

17. Key Words:

Highway Safety Improvement Program, reporting 

guidance, improvement category, Strategic Highway 

Safety Plan, emphasis area, national summary

18. Distribution Statement

No restrictions. 

19. Security Classif. (of this report)

Unclassified

20. Security Classif. (of this page)

Unclassified

21. No. of Pages

29

22. Price

N/A

Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72)

Reproduction of form and completed page is authorized
iii

Table of Contents

Background ...................................................................................................................................................1

HSIP Funding Approach.................................................................................................................................1

HSIP Projects Overview.................................................................................................................................3

Project Cost...................................................................................................................................................4

Functional Class and Ownership...................................................................................................................5

Improvement Categories and Subcategories................................................................................................9

AASHTO SHSP Emphasis Areas....................................................................................................................16

Summary .....................................................................................................................................................18

References ..................................................................................................................................................19

Appendix A: Full Description of HSIP Improvement Categories and Sub Categories for 2013 HSIP 

Reporting Guidance ....................................................................................................................................20

Appendix B: Full Title of SHSP Emphasis Areas...........................................................................................26

Appendix C. Detailed Tables of Project Costs Summaries..........................................................................27

List of Tables

Table 1: Total Number and Cost of Projects by Year..................................................................................18

Table 2: Number and Cost of 2013 Projects by Improvement Category ....................................................27

Table 3: Number and Cost of Projects by Subcategory for Intersection Geometry ...................................28

Table 4: Number and Cost of Projects by Subcategory for Intersection Traffic Control ............................28

Table 5: Number and Cost of Projects by Subcategory for Pedestrians and Bicyclists...............................28

Table 6: Number and Cost of Projects by Subcategory for Roadway .........................................................29

Table 7: Number and Cost of Projects by Subcategory for Non-Infrastructure .........................................29

List of Figures

Figure 1: MAP-21 Program Apportionments................................................................................................2

Figure 2: Number of Projects by Project Cost...............................................................................................4

Figure 3. Number of Projects by Functional Class ........................................................................................5

Figure 4. Average Total Cost of Projects by Functional Class .......................................................................6

Figure 5. Number of Projects by Road Ownership........................................................................................7

Figure 6. Average Total Cost of Projects by Road Ownership ......................................................................8

Figure 7. Number of Projects by Improvement Category.............................................................................9

Figure 8. Average Total Cost of Projects by Improvement Category..........................................................10

Figure 9: Number of Intersection Geometry Projects by Subcategory.......................................................11

Figure 10: Number of Traffic Control Projects by Subcategory ..................................................................12

Figure 11: Number of Pedestrian and Bicyclist Projects by Subcategory ...................................................13

Figure 12: Number of Roadway Projects by Subcategory ..........................................................................14

Figure 13: Number of Non-Infrastructure Projects by Subcategory...........................................................15

Figure 14: Number of Projects by AASHTO SHSP Emphasis Area...............................................................17
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 1

Background

The Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) is a core Federal-aid program with an objective of

achieving a significant reduction in traffic fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads through the 

implementation of highway safety improvement projects. The HSIP, similar to other Federal-aid 

programs, is a federally-funded, state administered program. The FHWA establishes the HSIP 

requirements via 23 CFR 924, and the States develop and administer a program to best meet their 

needs. 

The HSIP requires a data-driven, strategic approach to improving highway safety on all public roads that 

focuses on performance. To obligate HSIP funds, each State shall:

 Develop, implement, and update a State strategic highway safety plan;

 Produce a program of projects or strategies to reduce identified safety problems; and

 Evaluate the SHSP on a regularly recurring basis.

States are also required to submit a report that describes the progress being made to implement 

highway safety improvement projects and the effectiveness of those improvements. The HSIP MAP-21 

Reporting Guidance outlines the content and schedule for the annual HSIP report. The HSIP report 

should include, at a minimum, a discussion of each State’s:

 Program Structure

 Progress in Implementing the HSIP projects

 Progress in Achieving Safety Performance Targets

 Assessment of the Effectiveness of the Improvements (Program Evaluation)

The HSIP 2013 National Summary Report compiles and summarizes aggregate information related to the 

States progress in implementing HSIP projects during the 2013 reporting cycle. Progress in implementing 

HSIP projects is described based on the amount of HSIP funds available and the number and general 

listing of projects obligated as documented in the 2013 HSIP reports. The HSIP 2013 National Summary 

Report is not intended to compare states; rather to illustrate how the states are collectively 

implementing the HSIP to reduce fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads across the nation.

A summary of available funding and the number and general listing of projects from prior years is 

available in the HSIP National Summary Baseline Report: 2009 -2012. A summary of the 2013 data is 

provided below. 

HSIP Funding Approach

Prior to MAP-21, each apportioned program had its own formula for distribution, and the total amount 

of Federal assistance a State received was the sum of the amounts it received for each program. MAP-21 

instead provides a total apportionment for each State and then divides that apportionment amount 

among individual apportioned programs.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 2

MAP-21 authorizes a total combined amount ($37.5 billion in FY13 and $37.8 billion in FY14) in contract 

authority to fund five formula programs (including certain set-asides within the programs described 

below):

 National Highway Performance Program (NHPP);

 Surface Transportation Program (STP);

 Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP);

 Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement Program (CMAQ); and

 Metropolitan Planning Program.

Figure 1 illustrates the distribution of funds across program under MAP-21. 

Figure 1: MAP-21 Program Apportionments

HSIP receives 7% of the States apportionment remaining after allocations to CMAQ and Metropolitan 

Planning, which amounts to approximately $2.4 billion each year, nearly double the amount 

apportioned to HSIP under SAFETEA-LU. The following sums are set-aside from the State's HSIP 

apportionment: 

 Railway-highway crossings -- $220 million;

 A proportionate share of funds for the State's Transportation Alternatives (TA) program; and

 2% for State Planning and Research (SPR). 

In addition, if the High Risk Rural Roads Special rule applies to a State, then in the next fiscal year the 

State must obligate an amount at least equal to 200% of its FY 2009 HRRR set-aside for high risk rural 

roads.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 3

The final HSIP apportionment represents the amount of funding available to States for the advancement 

of highway safety improvement projects.

HSIP Projects Overview

States provide project specific information for all projects obligated with HSIP funds during the statedefined reporting period in their annual HSIP reports. The reporting period is defined by the State and 

can be calendar year, state fiscal year or federal fiscal year. For 2013, the States obligated $3.09B for 

3,292 total projects. These obligations utilized funds apportioned during the 2013 fiscal year as well as 

HSIP funds available from previous years’ apportionments.

As per the 2013 HSIP MAP-21 Reporting Guidance, project specific information includes: 

 Improvement Category and Sub Category (see Appendix A for complete descriptions)

 Project output (e.g., miles of rumble strips)

 Project cost (both HSIP cost and total cost)

 Funding category

 Functional classification

 AADT

 Posted speed limit

 Roadway ownership

 Relationship to the State's strategic highway safety plan (SHSP) (i.e. emphasis area, strategy)

(see Appendix B for complete descriptions of the AASHTO SHSP emphasis areas)

The following sections present various summaries of the nationwide HSIP project obligations for the 

2013 reporting cycle. It should be noted that limited analysis of the project information can be done 

because not all states have included all of the above information for each project in their annual HSIP 

reports. Full use of the HSIP online reporting tool and compliance with the most recent HSIP reporting 

guidance will enable more complete and accurate reporting of national HSIP project data. In addition, 

HSIP projects come in all shapes and sizes. For example, some HSIP projects may be much bigger in 

scope than others, countermeasure installations across multiple sites, or non-infrastructure projects (i.e. 

transportation safety planning, data improvements). Nonetheless, the summaries in the following 

sections provide a broad scale analysis of HSIP spending in 2013.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 4

Project Cost

The cost per HSIP project in 2013 ranged widely. Some projects were small in scope and cost, such as 

replacing signs on a particular route. Others were higher cost projects, such as widening a highway or 

reconfiguring an intersection. Figure 2 shows the breakdown by project cost, grouped into general 

categories with breakpoints at $100,000, $500,000, and $1,000,000.

Figure 2: Number of Projects by Project Cost

Roughly two-thirds of the projects had costs less than $500K. A small percentage (13 percent) fell into 

the $500-$1M category. The remaining 20 percent were high cost projects totaling $1M or more.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 5

Functional Class and Ownership

Figure 3 through Figure 6 illustrate the distribution of projects by the types of roads on which they were 

conducted. Figure 3 shows number of projects by functional class, following the HPMS classification 

scheme; Figure 4 shows average total cost of projects by functional class; Figure 5 shows projects by the 

agency who owns the road; and Figure 6 shows average total cost of projects by the agency who owns 

the road. If the functional class or road ownership was not indicated, the project is counted under the 

“unknown” category.

Figure 3. Number of Projects by Functional Class

Most projects were categorized as “Unknown” indicating that the State did not associate a functional 

class for a particular project. Projects that were associated with a functional class were most often 

categorized as “Rural Major Collector” or “Urban Principal Arterial – Other”. There were 370 projects 

categorized as “Other” and of those, roughly 220 were categorized as multiple classes or systemic. 

Roughly another 25 were categorized as “n/a” due to the fact that they were non-infrastructure 

projects.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 6

Figure 4. Average Total Cost of Projects by Functional Class

Figure 4 shows the average total cost of projects by functional class. It is important to note that not 

every project had an associated cost so the average is based on the number of projects which had cost

information available. Projects categorized as “Urban Principal Arterial – Interstate” had the highest 

average total cost per project of $4.21 million and projects categorized as “Rural Local Road or Street” 

had the lowest average total cost per project of $0.21 million.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 7

Figure 5. Number of Projects by Road Ownership

Most projects were conducted on roads owned by a “State Highway Agency” or “Unknown” (indicating 

that the State did not indicate road ownership for a particular project). There were 116 projects 

categorized as “Other” and of those, roughly 80 were categorized in state-specific ownership categories.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 8

Figure 6. Average Total Cost of Projects by Road Ownership

Figure 6 shows the average total cost of projects by road ownership. It is important to note that not 

every project had an associated cost so the average is based on the number of projects which had cost 

information available. Projects categorized as “State Highway Agency” had the highest average total 

cost per project of $1.15 million and projects categorized as “Other Local Agency” had the lowest 

average total cost per project of $0.24 million.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 9

Improvement Categories and Subcategories

Under the 2013 HSIP reporting guidance, each project should be assigned a general improvement 

category and a subcategory under that general category. While a single project may consist of multiple 

project types, States are directed to assign each project to only one category. The category chosen 

should align with the primary purpose of the project. Figure 7 and Figure 8 show the distribution of the 

number and total cost of projects by general improvement category. Projects categorized as “Unknown” 

indicate that there was no general improvement category assigned by the State. Figure 9 through Figure 

13 show the breakdown of the number of projects by subcategory for five improvement categories of 

note: Intersection geometry, Intersection traffic control, Pedestrians and bicyclists, Roadway, and Noninfrastructure. More detailed tables with the cost spent in each subcategory are available in Appendix C.

For ease of reporting, similar sub categories were grouped together. For example, in Figure 9 below, 

“Auxiliary lanes – other” combines adding acceleration lanes, adding auxiliary through lanes, adding two 

way left turn lanes, and several other related subcategories.

Figure 7. Number of Projects by Improvement Category

Figure 7 shows the number of projects by improvement category as classified in the 2013 HSIP Reporting 

Guidance. Based on the project information reported by the States, the top five improvement categories 

are:

 Roadway; 854 projects 
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 10

 Intersection traffic control; 420 projects

 Intersection geometry; 376 projects

 Roadside; 225 projects

 Shoulder treatments; 179 projects

Figure 8. Average Total Cost of Projects by Improvement Category

Figure 8 shows the average total cost of projects by improvement category. Again, it is important to 

note that not every project had an associated cost so the average is based on the number of projects 

with cost available. Based on project information reported by the States, the lowest average HSIP cost 

projects are in the following categories: 

 Parking; no projects listed

 Work zone; 1 project with HSIP cost information

 Railroad grade crossings; 4 projects with HSIP cost information

 Speed management; 12 projects with HSIP cost information

 Roadway signs and traffic control; 163 projects with HSIP cost information
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 11

Figure 9: Number of Intersection Geometry Projects by Subcategory

For the Intersection geometry category, most projects were sub categorized as “Auxiliary lanes – add 

left-turn lane” (114 of 365 projects) and “Intersection geometrics - other” (141 of 365 projects). 

Examples of projects in the “Intersection geometrics – other” subcategory include roundabout 

installation and general intersection safety improvement projects.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 12

Figure 10: Number of Traffic Control Projects by Subcategory

For the Intersection traffic control category, most projects were subcategorized as “Intersection traffic 

control - other” (88 of 412 projects) and “Modify traffic signal – modernization/replacement” (77 of 412 

projects). Examples of projects in the “Intersection traffic control – other” sub category include 

controller updates, wrong way driving mitigation strategies, and projects described as general 

intersection safety improvement projects.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 13

Figure 11: Number of Pedestrian and Bicyclist Projects by Subcategory

For the Pedestrians and bicyclists category, most projects were subcategorized as “Install sidewalk” (33 

of 103 projects) and “Miscellaneous pedestrians and bicyclists” (29 of 103 projects). An example of a 

project in the “Miscellaneous pedestrian and bicyclist improvements” subcategory includes ADA facility 

improvements.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 14

Figure 12: Number of Roadway Projects by Subcategory

For the Roadway category, most projects were subcategorized as “Roadway - other” (595 of 824 

projects) and “Pavement surface - miscellaneous” (100 of 824 projects). An example of a project in the 

“Roadway – other” subcategory was guardrail aprons. The “Roadway-other” subcategory was 

predominately used without any project description, therefore, no other information is available for 

these projects.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 15

Figure 13: Number of Non-Infrastructure Projects by Subcategory

For the Non-infrastructure category, most projects were subcategorized as “Non-infrastructure - other” 

(31 of 62 projects) and “Transportation safety planning” (10 of 62 projects). Projects in the “Noninfrastructure – other” subcategory are largely undescribed. A few examples include pedestrian 

upgrades and Safe Routes to School coordinator positions and website development. Examples of 

projects in the “Blank (no subcategory indicated)” subcategory include safety campaigns, training 

programs, and enforcement mobilization projects.
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 16

AASHTO SHSP Emphasis Areas

The AASHTO Strategic Highway Safety Plan describes twenty-two emphasis areas. Figure 14 presents the 

number of HSIP projects categorized by AASHTO SHSP emphasis area. For consistency and national 

reporting purposes, each State’s SHSP emphasis areas were assigned to the AASHTO SHSP emphasis 

areas, where possible. A complete description of each emphasis area is included in Appendix B. Please

note that States often times categorize a single project by several SHSP Emphasis Areas. Therefore, for 

the purpose of Figure 14, a single project may be counted more than once. For example, the State 

recently completed an intersection improvement project that enhanced safety for pedestrians. This 

project could be categorized as EA 9 Making Walking and Street Crossing Safer as well as EA 17 

Improving the Design and Operation of Intersections and is therefore counted once in each category.

The top five SHSP Emphasis Areas guiding HSIP investments for 2013 were:

 EA 17 Improving the Design and Operation of Intersections

 EA 16 Minimizing the Consequences of Leaving the Roadway

 EA 15 Keeping Vehicles on the Roadway

 EA 9 Making Walking and Street Crossing Safer

 EA 21 Improving Information and Decision Support Systems
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 17

Figure 14: Number of Projects by AASHTO SHSP Emphasis Area
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 18

Summary

The HSIP is a strategic program that uses data and analysis to target safety resources. This HSIP 2013

National Summary Report shows that in 2013 (similar to the 2009-2012 HSIP National Summary Baseline 

Report), States directed HSIP funds to address the predominant infrastructure -related crash types -

roadway departure, intersection and pedestrian crashes.

The HSIP National Summary Baseline Report 2009-2012 reported project and cost information for HSIP 

reports submitted by the States for years 2009-2012. The information from the baseline report is 

summarized below with the purpose of comparing basic cost and project information to the 2013 

reports. Table 1 below shows that States obligated $9.59B for more than 12,000 projects over the fiveyear period. These obligations include not only HSIP funds apportioned during the reporting period 

(2009-2013), but also HSIP funds available from previous years’ apportionments. 

Table 1: Total Number and Cost of Projects by Year

Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Number of 

Projects

1684 2386 2523 2429 3292 12314

Number of 

Projects (with 

cost info.)*

1609 2348 2449 2374 3254 12034

Cost of projects $1.61B $1.46B $1.78B $1.65B $3.09B $9.59B

Avg. Cost Per 

Project

$1.00M $620,684 $725,550 $695,721 $950,834 $797,206

*Not all states provided cost data for all projects.

As shown above, the number and funding of HSIP projects increased in 2013. The number of HSIP 

projects increased from approximately 2,300 projects per year to 3,292 projects in 2013. In addition, 

HSIP project obligations increased from approximately $1.6B per year to $3.09B in 2013. The increased 

investment in highway safety improvement projects demonstrates the States' commitment to improving 

the safety of our nation’s roadways. 
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 19

References

AASHTO, Strategic Highway Safety Plan, 2005.

http://safety.transportation.org/doc/Safety-StrategicHighwaySafetyPlan.pdf

FHWA, MAP-21 Apportionment Fact Sheet

http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/map21/factsheets/apportionment.cfm

FHWA, HSIP Apportionment Notices

http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/legsregs/directives/notices/

FHWA, HSIP MAP-21 Fact Sheet

http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/map21/factsheets/hsip.cfm

FHWA, HSIP MAP-21 Reporting Guidance, February 13, 2013

http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/map21/guidance/guidehsipreport.cfm

FHWA, HSIP Online Reporting Tool

http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsip/resources/onrpttool/

FHWA, HSIP National Summary Baseline Report 2009-2012

http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsip/reports/nsbrpt_2009_2012.cfm

2013 State HSIP Reports

http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsip/reports/
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 20

Appendix A: Full Description of HSIP Improvement Categories and Sub 

Categories for 2013 HSIP Reporting Guidance

Category Sub-category

Access management Access management - other

Change in access – close or restrict existing access

Change in access – miscellaneous/unspecified

Grassed median - extend existing

Median crossover - close crossover

Median crossover - directional crossover

Median crossover - relocate existing

Median crossover - unspecified

Raised island - install new

Raised island - modify existing

Raised island - remove existing

Raised island – unspecified

Advanced technology and 

ITS

Advanced technology and ITS - other

Congestion detection / traffic monitoring system

Dynamic message signs

Over height vehicle detection

Alignment Alignment - other

Horizontal curve realignment

Horizontal and vertical alignment

Vertical alignment or elevation change

Animal-related Animal related

Interchange design Acceleration / deceleration / merge lane

Convert at-grade intersection to interchange

Extend existing lane on ramp

Improve intersection radius at ramp terminus

Installation of new lane on ramp

Interchange design - other

Ramp closure

Ramp metering

Intersection geometry Auxiliary lanes – add acceleration lane

Auxiliary lanes – add auxiliary through lane

Auxiliary lanes – add left-turn lane

Auxiliary lanes – add right-turn lane

Auxiliary lanes – add right-turn lane (free-flow)

Auxiliary lanes – add slip lane

Auxiliary lanes – add two-way left-turn lane

Auxiliary lanes – extend acceleration/deceleration lane

Auxiliary lanes – extend existing left-turn lane

Auxiliary lanes – extend existing right-turn lane

Auxiliary lanes – miscellaneous/other/unspecified
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 21

Auxiliary lanes – modify acceleration lane

Auxiliary lanes – modify auxiliary through lane

Auxiliary lanes – modify free-flow turn lane

Auxiliary lanes – modify left-turn lane offset

Auxiliary lanes – modify right-turn lane offset

Auxiliary lanes – modify turn lane storage

Auxiliary lanes – modify turn lane taper

Auxiliary lanes – modify two-way left-turn lane

Intersection geometrics – miscellaneous/other/unspecified

Intersection geometrics – modify intersection corner radius

Intersection geometrics – modify skew angle

Intersection geometrics – realignment to align offset cross streets

Intersection geometrics – realignment to increase cross street offset

Intersection geometrics – re-assign existing lane use

Intersection geometry - other

Splitter island – install on one or more approaches

Splitter island – remove from one or more approaches

Splitter island – unspecified

Through lanes – add additional through lane

Intersection traffic control Intersection flashers – add “when flashing” warning sign-mounted

Intersection flashers – add advance emergency vehicle warning signmounted

Intersection flashers – add advance heavy vehicle warning signmounted

Intersection flashers – add advance intersection warning signmounted

Intersection flashers – add miscellaneous/other/unspecified

Intersection flashers – add overhead (actuated)

Intersection flashers – add overhead (continuous)

Intersection flashers – add stop sign-mounted

Intersection flashers – modify existing

Intersection flashers – remove existing

Intersection signing – add basic advance warning

Intersection signing – add enhanced advance warning (double-up 

and/or oversize)

Intersection signing – add enhanced regulatory sign (double-up 

and/or oversize)

Intersection signing – miscellaneous/other/unspecified

Intersection signing – relocate existing regulatory sign

Intersection traffic control - other

Modify control – all-way stop to roundabout

Modify control – modifications to roundabout

Modify control – no control to roundabout

Modify control – no control to two-way stop

Modify control – remove right-turn yield
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 22

Modify control – reverse priority of stop condition

Modify control – traffic signal to roundabout

Modify control – two-way stop to all-way stop

Modify control – two-way stop to roundabout

Modify control – two-way yield to two-way stop

Pavement Markings – add advance signal ahead

Pavement markings – add advance stop ahead

Pavement markings – add dashed edge line along mainline

Pavement markings – add lane use symbols

Pavement markings – add stop line

Pavement markings – add yield line

Pavement markings – miscellaneous/other/unspecified

Pavement markings – refresh existing pavement markings

Modify traffic signal – add additional signal heads

Modify traffic signal – add backplates

Modify traffic signal – add backplates with retroreflective borders

Modify traffic signal – add closed loop system

Modify traffic signal – add emergency vehicle preemption

Modify traffic signal – add flashing yellow arrow

Modify traffic signal – add long vehicle detection

Modify traffic signal – add railroad preemption

Modify traffic signal – add wireless system

Modify traffic signal – miscellaneous/other/unspecified

Modify traffic signal – modernization/replacement

Modify traffic signal – modify signal mounting (spanwire to mast 

arm)

Modify traffic signal – remove existing signal

Modify traffic signal – replace existing indications (incandescent-toLED and/or 8-to-12 inch dia.)

Modify traffic signal timing – left-turn phasing (permissive to 

protected/permissive)

Modify traffic signal timing – left-turn phasing (permissive to 

protected-only)

Modify traffic signal timing – adjust clearance interval (yellow change 

and/or all-red)

Modify traffic signal timing – general retiming

Modify traffic signal timing – signal coordination

Systemic improvements – signal-controlled

Systemic improvements – stop-controlled

Lighting Continuous roadway lighting

Intersection lighting

Lighting - other

Site lighting – horizontal curve 

Site lighting – intersection

Site lighting – interchange
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 23

Site lighting – pedestrian crosswalk

Miscellaneous Miscellaneous

Non-infrastructure Educational efforts

Enforcement

Data/traffic records

Non-infrastructure - other

Outreach

Road safety audits

Training and workforce development

Transportation safety planning

Parking Modify parking

Parking - other

Remove parking

Restrict parking

Truck parking facilities

Pedestrians and bicyclists Crosswalk

Install new "smart" crosswalk

Install new crosswalk

Install sidewalk

Medians and pedestrian refuge areas

Miscellaneous pedestrians and bicyclists

Modify existing crosswalk

Pedestrian beacons

Pedestrian bridge

Pedestrian signal

Pedestrian signal - audible device

Pedestrian signal – Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon

Pedestrian signal - install new at intersection

Pedestrian signal - install new at non-intersection location

Pedestrian signal - modify existing

Pedestrian signal - remove existing

Pedestrian warning signs - add/modify flashers

Pedestrian warning signs – overhead

Railroad grade crossings Grade separation

Model enforcement activity

Protective devices

Railroad grade crossing gates

Railroad grade crossing signing

Railroad grade crossings - other

Surface treatment

Upgrade railroad crossing signal

Widen crossing for additional lane

Roadside Barrier end treatments (crash cushions, terminals)

Barrier transitions
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 24

Barrier - cable

Barrier - concrete

Barrier- metal

Barrier - other

Barrier - removal

Curb or curb and gutter

Drainage improvements

Fencing

Removal of roadside objects (trees, poles, etc.)

Roadside grading

Roadside - other

Roadway Install / remove / modify passing zone

Pavement surface – high friction surface

Pavement surface - miscellaneous

Roadway narrowing (road diet, roadway reconfiguration)

Roadway - other

Roadway - restripe to revise separation between opposing lanes 

and/or shoulder widths 

Roadway widening - add lane(s) along segment

Roadway widening - curve 

Roadway widening - travel lanes

Rumble strips - center

Rumble strips – edge or shoulder

Rumble strips - transverse

Rumble strips – unspecified or other

Superelevation / cross slope

Roadway delineation Improve retroreflectivity

Longitudinal pavement markings - new

Longitudinal pavement markings - remarking

Delineators post-mounted or on barrier 

Raised pavement markers

Roadway delineation - other

Roadway signs and traffic 

control

Curve-related warning signs and flashers

Sign sheeting – upgrade or replacement

Roadway signs and traffic control - other

Roadway signs (including post) – new or updated

Shoulder treatments Widen shoulder – paved or other

Pave existing shoulders

Shoulder grading

Shoulder treatments - other

Speed management Modify speed limit

Radar speed signs

Speed detection system / truck warning

Speed management - other
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 25

Traffic calming feature

Work Zone Work zone
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 26

Appendix B: Full Title of SHSP Emphasis Areas

EA 1 Instituting Graduated Licensing for Young Drivers

EA 2 Ensuring Drivers are Fully Licensed and Competent

EA 3 Sustaining Proficiency in Older Drivers

EA 4 Aggressive Driving

EA 5 Reducing Impaired Driving

EA 6 Keeping Drivers Alert

EA 7 Increasing Driver Safety Awareness

EA 8 Increasing Safety Belt Usage and Improving Air Bag Effectiveness

EA 9 Making Walking and Street Crossing Safer

EA 10 Ensuring Safer Bicycle Travel

EA 11 Motorcycle Safety Awareness

EA 12 Making Truck Traffic Safer

EA 13 Increasing Safety Enhancements in Vehicles

EA 14 Reducing Vehicle-Train Collisions

EA 15 Keeping Vehicles on the Roadway

EA 16 Minimizing the Consequences of Leaving the Roadway

EA 17 Improving the Design and Operation of Intersections

EA 18 Reducing Head-on and Cross Median Crashes

EA 19 Design Safer Work Zones

EA 20 Enhancing Medical Capabilities to Increase Survivability

EA 21 Improving Information and Decision Support Systems

EA 22 Creating More Effective Processes and Safety Management Systems
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 27

Appendix C. Detailed Tables of Project Costs Summaries

Table 2: Number and Cost of 2013 Projects by Improvement Category

Improvement Category Number of 

Projects

Total Cost of 

Projects*

Average Total

Cost*

Total HSIP Cost of 

Projects*

Average HSIP

Cost*

Access management 34 $195,352,612.42 $5,745,665.07 $30,737,148.44 $1,097,755.30

Advanced technology and ITS 21 $7,835,018.00 $391,750.90 $6,755,822.66 $321,705.84

Alignment 55 $149,902,498.19 $2,775,972.19 $35,993,363.80 $679,120.07

Animal-related 3 $8,450,107.00 $2,816,702.33 $7,043,972.40 $2,347,990.80

Interchange design 87 $177,683,228.85 $2,140,761.79 $48,053,087.31 $586,013.26

Intersection geometry 376 $445,306,021.01 $1,213,367.90 $243,071,648.34 $655,179.65

Intersection traffic control 420 $279,443,365.54 $666,929.27 $190,167,790.03 $475,419.48

Lighting 48 $18,678,171.44 $389,128.57 $18,462,105.44 $384,627.20

Miscellaneous 39 $39,536,487.75 $1,013,756.10 $16,663,845.81 $462,884.61

Non-infrastructure 109 $42,545,671.00 $393,941.00 $44,806,151.00 $443,625.00

Parking 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a

Pedestrians and bicyclists 103 $53,892,611.32 $528,358.93 $35,694,976.78 $346,553.17

Railroad grade crossings 4 $972,389.00 $243,097.25 $992,389.00 $248,097.25

Roadside 225 $195,970,161.86 $894,840.92 $166,283,887.36 $766,285.20

Roadway 854 $541,384,359.69 $635,427.65 $290,915,274.31 $342,656.39

Roadway delineation 102 $59,644,608.12 $602,470.79 $43,313,203.01 $424,639.25

Roadway signs and traffic control 163 $43,409,123.45 $269,621.88 $41,413,281.27 $254,069.21

Shoulder treatments 179 $411,469,681.42 $2,298,713.30 $211,374,731.00 $1,180,864.42

Speed management 12 $3,214,173.15 $267,847.76 $3,111,752.04 $259,312.67

Work Zone 1 $93,273.00 $93,273.00 $93,273.00 $93,273.00

Unknown 457 $416,019,421.66 $912,323.29 $26,054,849.35 $234,728.37

Total 3292 $3,093,063,463.87 $950,834.14 $1,458,742,072.10 $504,580.45

* Not all states provided cost data for all projects in a given improvement category. 
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 28

Table 3: Number and Cost of Projects by Subcategory for Intersection Geometry

Subcategory Number of Projects Total Cost 

Auxiliary lanes - add left-turn lane 114 $ 126,343,935 

Auxiliary lanes - add right-turn lane 16 $ 6,702,633 

Auxiliary lanes - other 44 $ 88,956 

Intersection geometrics - other 141 $ 176,292,446 

Intersection geometrics - modify skew angle 35 $ 15,305,107 

Intersection geometrics - realignment to improve offset 15 $ 23,366,776 

Blank (no subcategory indicated) 11 $ 8,338,568 

Total 376 $ 356,438,422 

Table 4: Number and Cost of Projects by Subcategory for Intersection Traffic Control

Subcategory Number of Projects Total Cost 

Intersection flashers and signing 35 $ 4,924,215 

Intersection traffic control - other 88 $ 51,598,810 

Modify control to roundabout 47 $ 56,973,072 

Modify traffic signal - add additional signal heads 12 $ 12,050,242 

Modify traffic signal - other 45 $ 21,692,152 

Modify traffic signal -

modernization/replacement

77 $ 60,115,452 

Modify traffic signal - modify signal mounting 14 $ 15,604,417 

Modify traffic signal timing or phasing 15 $ 21,663,179 

Pavement markings 48 $ 9,248,702 

Systemic improvements - signal-controlled 31 $ 23,105,395 

Blank (no subcategory indicated) 8 $ 2,467,729 

Total 420 $ 279,443,366 

Table 5: Number and Cost of Projects by Subcategory for Pedestrians and Bicyclists

Subcategory Number of Projects Total Cost 

Install or modify crosswalk 11 $ 6,110,617 

Install sidewalk 33 $ 10,619,125 

Miscellaneous pedestrian and bicyclist 

improvements

29 $ 22,545,047 

Install or modify pedestrian signal 30 $ 14,617,823 

Total 103 $ 53,892,611 
HSIP 2013 National Summary Report 29

Table 6: Number and Cost of Projects by Subcategory for Roadway

Subcategory Number of Projects Total Cost 

Pavement surface - high friction surface 21 $ 9,761,102 

Pavement surface - miscellaneous 100 $ 38,737,373 

Roadway widening - add or widen lanes 24 $ 126,677,292 

Roadway narrowing (road diet, roadway 

reconfiguration)

3 $ 337,903 

Rumble strips - center 11 $ 3,962,583 

Rumble strips - edge or shoulder 66 $ 143,286,118 

Rumble strips - unspecified or other 4 $ 818,892 

Roadway - other 595 $ 194,671,135 

Blank (no subcategory indicated) 30 $ 23,131,961 

Total 854 $ 541,384,360 

Table 7: Number and Cost of Projects by Subcategory for Non-Infrastructure

Subcategory Number of Projects Total Cost 

Data/traffic records 5 $ 581,791 

Educational efforts 5 $ 1,226,474 

Enforcement 2 $ 2,895,444 

Non-infrastructure - other 31 $ 13,143,650 

Road safety audits 9 $ 2,649,500 

Transportation safety planning 10 $ 4,112,108 

Blank (no subcategory indicated) 45 $ 20,197,184 

Total 109 $ 44,806,151 

* There were two additional projects labeled as “Outreach” and “Training and workforce development” that did not have a cost 

indicated.
For More Information:

Visit http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsip

FHWA, Office of Safety

Karen Scurry

karen.scurry@dot.gov

609-637-4207

FHWA-SA-14-030