NOT FOR PUBLICATION
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
MARC HARRIS, an individual on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated,

Plaintiff

- Appellee,

v. DEAN MEILING, an individual; et al.,

Defendants

- Appellants,
and JAMES PROCTOR; et al.,

Defendants. No. 20

- 16931
D.C. No. 3:19

- cv - 00339

- MMD

- CLB

MEMORANDUM *

Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Nevada Miranda M. Du, Chief District Judge, Presiding Argued and Submitted May 11, 2022 San Francisco, California Before: W. FLETCHER and BUMATAY, Circuit Judges, and KANE, * * District Judge.

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36

- 3.

** The Honorable Yvette Kane, United States District Judge for the Middle District of Pennsylvania, sitting by designation. 

# FILED

JUN 2 2022 MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK U.S. COURT OF APPEALS2

Appellants Chemeon Surface Technology, LLC, Dean Meiling, Madylon Meiling, DSM Partners, LP, DSM P GP, LLC, and Suite B, LLC (collectively , “Appellants” ) appeal from the denial of their motion for attorneys’ fees sought
from Appellee Marc Harris (“Appellee”) and their subsequent motion for
reconsiderati on. Appellants contend that , following the dismissal of Appellee’s suit by the district court, they are entitled to attorneys’ fees under the Metalast International, LLC (“MILLC”) operating agreement (“Operating Agreement”), as
well as under Nevada Revise d Statute § 18.010(2)(b) . Appellants also request that we remand to the district court the issue of whether joint and several liability for fees is appropriate as to Appellee’s attorney, Marc Lazo, under 28 U.S.C. § 1927. We have jurisdiction under 28 U .S.C

. § 1291. The d enial of attorneys’ fees
and a motion for reconsideration are reviewed on appeal for abuse of discretion. Avery v. First Resol

. Mgmt. Corp. , 568 F.3d 1018, 1021 (9th Cir. 2009); Barber v.
Hawai’i , 42 F.3d 1185, 1198 (9th Cir. 1994). W e reverse the district court’s denial of attorneys’ fees , holding that Appellants were entitled to contractual attorneys’
fees , and remand for a reasonable fee award. However, we hold that the district
court did not abuse its discretion in denying fees under Nevada Revised Statute § 18.010(2)(b) and attorney joint and several liability under 28 U.S.C. § 1927.
T he district court erred in ignoring binding judicial admissions in Appellee’s First Amended Complaint (“FAC”), which establish that: (1) Appellants were3

members of MILLC under the Operating Agreement; and (2) Appellants , as members of MILLC, were “subject to [MILLC]’s [O]perating [A]greement, and the various duties, rights, and obligations contained therein.” Pursuant to these admissions, Appellee’s suit was to enforce the terms of the Operating Agreement, which Appellants had purportedly breached.

“ Fact ual assertions in pleadings

. . . , unless amended, are considered judicial admissions conclusively binding on the party who made them. ” Am. Title Ins. Co. v. Lacelaw Corp. , 861 F.2d 224, 226 (9th Cir. 1988). “Judicial admissions are
formal admissions in the pleadings which have the effect of withdrawing a fact
from issue and dispensing wholly with the need for proof of the fact .” Id. (quoting In re Fordson Eng ’

g Corp. , 25 B.R. 506, 509 (Bankr. E.D. Mich. 1982) )

. T he Supreme Court has endorsed this standard in the context of a party’s attempt to assert arguments contrary to its initial pleadings, finding that such factual
concessions are binding. Amgen, Inc. v. Conn. Ret. Plans & Tr. Funds , 568 U.S. 455, 470 n.6 (2 013) (citing Lacelaw , 861 F.2d at 226). The admissions in the FAC establish that Appellants are entitled to attorneys’ fees. Section 12.2 of the Operating Agreement provides that the “prevailing parties” to an action to enforce the agreement’s terms are entitled to attorneys’ fees. Appellants are prevailing parties in a lawsuit brought to enforce the terms of the Operating Agreement

. Cf. 145 E

. Harmon II Tr

. v. Residences at4

MGM Gran d

– Tower A Owner’s Ass’n , 460 P.3d 455, 4 5 8

- 59 (Nev. 2020)

. Addition ally, per Appellee’s binding admissions, Appellants are MILLC members with rights under § 12.2 of the Operating Agreement . Therefore, we reverse and
remand to the district court to determine a reasonable award of contractual attorneys’ fees to Appellants

. Appellants also assert that they are entitled to fees under Nevada Revised Statute § 18.010(2)(b) and request a remand to the district court to determine whether attorney joint and several liability is warranted as to attorne y Lazo

. However, the court is limited to reviewing the d istrict c ourt’s decision for abuse of discretion and cannot alter its judgment simply because it may have ruled differently had it been the court of initial review. Cf. Aircraft Serv. Intern, Inc. v

. Int. Broth. o

f Teamsters , 779 F.3d 1069, 1072 (9th Cir. 2015); United States v.
Doe , 705 F.3d 1134, 1150 (9th Cir. 2013). T he d istrict c ourt did not abuse its discretion in declining to find that this case was groundless or filed with intent to
harass

. Relatedly, the district court did not abuse its discretion in declining to find attorney Lazo jointly and severally liable for fees under 28 U.S.C. § 1927. Therefore, we affirm the district court on these grounds. 1
REVERSED AND REMANDED IN PART AND AFFIRMED IN
PART

.

1 We deny Appellee’s motion for judicial notice (Dkt. No. 47).