Vermont

Highway Safety Improvement Program

2014 Annual Report

Prepared by: VT
ii

Disclaimer

Protection of Data from Discovery & Admission into Evidence

23 U.S.C. 148(h)(4) states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, 

lists, or data compiled or collected for any purpose relating to this section [HSIP], shall not be 

subject to discovery or admitted into evidence in a Federal or State court proceeding or considered 

for other purposes in any action for damages arising from any occurrence at a location identified or 

addressed in the reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or other data.” 

23 U.S.C. 409 states “Notwithstanding any other provision of law, reports, surveys, schedules, lists, 

or data compiled or collected for the purpose of identifying, evaluating, or planning the safety 

enhancement of potential accident sites, hazardous roadway conditions, or railway-highway 

crossings, pursuant to sections 130, 144, and 148 of this title or for the purpose of developing any 

highway safety construction improvement project which may be implemented utilizing Federal-aid 

highway funds shall not be subject to discovery or admitted into evidence in a Federal or State 

court proceeding or considered for other purposes in any action for damages arising from any 

occurrence at a location mentioned or addressed in such reports, surveys, schedules, lists, or data.”
iii

Table of Contents

Disclaimer...................................................................................................................................................... ii

Executive Summary....................................................................................................................................... 1

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 2

Program Structure ........................................................................................................................................ 2

Program Administration ........................................................................................................................... 2

Program Methodology.............................................................................................................................. 5

Progress in Implementing Projects............................................................................................................. 12

Funds Programmed............................................................................................................................. 12

General Listing of Projects.................................................................................................................. 15

Progress in Achieving Safety Performance Targets .................................................................................... 27

Overview of General Safety Trends........................................................................................................ 27

Application of Special Rules.................................................................................................................... 43

Assessment of the Effectiveness of the Improvements (Program Evaluation) ..........................................46

SHSP Emphasis Areas.............................................................................................................................. 47

Groups of similar project types............................................................................................................... 52

Systemic Treatments............................................................................................................................... 57

Glossary....................................................................................................................................................... 65
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

1

Executive Summary

The development of Highway Safety Improvement Projects was implemented following the 

methodology established in 2005. The Agency further continued to work with local municipalities in the 

review of high risk local roads and in the constructions of low cost improvements.

For the state fiscal year (July 1, 2013 to June 30 2014), the total amount of funding that was obligated 

during the reporting period was $14,689,333. Of these, $10,276,641 was obligated from HSIP Section 

148, $33,291 was obligated from HRRRP SAFETEA-LU and $4,079,778 was obligated from Section 164.

During the reporting period, nineteen projects were in a design stage and six were completed or being 

constructed.

Over the years, the HSIP and other related safety efforts have been efficient at reducing the number of 

major crashes (fatal + serious injury crashes). One of the principal measures of success that illustrates 

this is the reduction in the five-year average of major crashes which passed from 433 major crashes for 

the 2004-2008 period to 358 for the 2009-2013 period.
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

2

Introduction

The Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) is a core Federal-aid program 

with the purpose of achieving a significant reduction in fatalities and serious 

injuries on all public roads. As per 23 U.S.C. 148(h) and 23 CFR 924.15, States are 

required to report annually on the progress being made to advance HSIP 

implementation and evaluation efforts. The format of this report is consistent 

with the HSIP MAP-21 Reporting Guidance dated February 13, 2013 and consists 

of four sections: program structure, progress in implementing HSIP projects, 

progress in achieving safety performance targets, and assessment of the 

effectiveness of the improvements. 

Program Structure

Program Administration

How are Highway Safety Improvement Program funds allocated in a State? 

Central

District

Other

Describe how local roads are addressed as part of Highway Safety Improvement Program.

Local roads that are part of the Federal Aid System are addressed the same way as state maintained 

roads, using the approved HSIP ranking methodology for the identification of locations with potential 

safety problems. The local roads that rank within the subset of top locations are reviewed through an 

engineering study. Low cost remedial actions are implemented via a statewide project, while high cost 

solutions are implemented by VTrans through the regular design process. 

During the reporting period, rural local roads were considered for evaluation and improvement under 

our state high risk rural roads program. Locations were identified by the regional planning commissions 
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

3

using crash data as well as anecdotal information. For these locations, safety corridor reviews were 

performed to identify signing, markings and guardrail improvements. These low cost treatments will 

be designed and implemented via a statewide project. 

Upon the request of a municipality, VTrans will perform a road safety audit of any local road to assist the 

municipality with local safety concerns. A multidisciplinary team is put together, a site visit is performed 

and a report outlying recommendations is provided to the municipality.

Identify which internal partners are involved with Highway Safety Improvement Program planning. 

Design

Planning

Maintenance

Operations

Governors Highway Safety Office

Other: 

Briefly describe coordination with internal partners. 

Depending on the characteristics of the site to be reviewed, Design, Operations and/or Maintenance 

staff are asked to take part to the visit of the site and to formulate some recommendations. Key 

personal in Design and/or Maintenance are contacted several weeks in advance usually by email by the 

lead investigator. Along with a request to attend an on-site meeting, the lead investigator also sends 

relevant background information such as crash information and a general description of the problem.

Identify which external partners are involved with Highway Safety Improvement Program planning. 

Metropolitan Planning Organizations

Governors Highway Safety Office

Local Government Association
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

4

Other: Other-Municipalities

Other: Other-Regional Planning Commissions

Identify any program administration practices used to implement the HSIP that have changed since 

the last reporting period.

Multi-disciplinary HSIP steering committee

Other: Other-There has been no change since the last reporting period. We are in the process of 

rewriting our HSIP procedures.

Describe any other aspects of Highway Safety Improvement Program Administration on which you 

would like to elaborate.

There is a challenge in the deployment of HSIP countermeasure projects in that they follow the same 

design process as every other road and bridge project at VTrans. The solution may be identified quickly, 

however there is no priority put on an HSIP projects and therefore, implementation can take up to 2 

years as the project works through the same design process (PE, ROW and construction) as all VTrans 

projects.

This problem has also been an issue, to a lesser extent, with the delivery of low cost projects, such as the 

installation of signs or the upgrade of signal equipment on town highways. 

While, since 2012, we have been developing and contracting regional projects to implement these low 

cost solutions on town and city owned roads (thus making sure that federal procurement procedures 

are followed), the time lag between the road reviews and the installation of the low cost improvements 

has been around two years. In addition, preparing formal plans for contacting purposes has also been 

time consuming. We had considered using one of the consultants from our retainer list to prepare the 
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

5

next round of plans but have decided otherwise given that the cost estimate obtained from the 

consultant to perform the work was judged too high. 

Program Methodology

Select the programs that are administered under the HSIP. 

Median Barrier Intersection Safe Corridor

Horizontal Curve Bicycle Safety Rural State Highways

Skid Hazard Crash Data Red Light Running Prevention

Roadway Departure Low-Cost Spot Improvements Sign Replacement And 

Improvement

Local Safety Pedestrian Safety Right Angle Crash

Left Turn Crash Shoulder Improvement Segments

Other: 

Program: Low-Cost Spot Improvements

Date of Program Methodology: 1/28/2005

 

What data types were used in the program methodology? 

Crashes Exposure Roadway

All crashes Traffic Median width

Fatal crashes only Volume Horizontal curvature

Fatal and serious injury 

crashes only

Population Functional classification
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

6

Other Lane miles Roadside features

Other Other 

What project identification methodology was used for this program? 

Crash frequency

Expected crash frequency with EB adjustment

Equivalent property damage only (EPDO Crash frequency)

EPDO crash frequency with EB adjustment

Relative severity index

Crash rate

Critical rate

Level of service of safety (LOSS)

Excess expected crash frequency using SPFs

Excess expected crash frequency with the EB adjustment

Excess expected crash frequency using method of moments

Probability of specific crash types

Excess proportions of specific crash types

Other 

Are local roads (non-state owned and operated) included or addressed in this program?

Yes

No

If yes, are local road projects identified using the same methodology as state roads?

Yes

No
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

7

How are highway safety improvement projects advanced for implementation?

Competitive application process

Selection committee

Other 

Select the processes used to prioritize projects for implementation. For the methods selected, indicate 

the relative importance of each process in project prioritization. Enter either the weights or numerical 

rankings. If weights are entered, the sum must equal 100. If ranks are entered, indicate ties by giving 

both processes the same rank and skip the next highest rank (as an example: 1, 2, 2, 4).

Relative Weight in Scoring

Rank of Priority Consideration

Ranking based on B/C 2

Available funding 1

Incremental B/C

Ranking based on net benefit

Other 

Program: Local Safety

Date of Program Methodology: 3/12/2009

 

What data types were used in the program methodology? 

Crashes Exposure Roadway
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

8

All crashes Traffic Median width

Fatal crashes only Volume Horizontal curvature

Fatal and serious injury 

crashes only

Population Functional classification

Other Lane miles Roadside features

Other Other-"rural" like roads

What project identification methodology was used for this program? 

Crash frequency

Expected crash frequency with EB adjustment

Equivalent property damage only (EPDO Crash frequency)

EPDO crash frequency with EB adjustment

Relative severity index

Crash rate

Critical rate

Level of service of safety (LOSS)

Excess expected crash frequency using SPFs

Excess expected crash frequency with the EB adjustment

Excess expected crash frequency using method of moments

Probability of specific crash types

Excess proportions of specific crash types

Other 

Are local roads (non-state owned and operated) included or addressed in this program?

Yes
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

9

No

If yes, are local road projects identified using the same methodology as state roads?

Yes

No

How are highway safety improvement projects advanced for implementation?

Competitive application process

Selection committee

Other 

Select the processes used to prioritize projects for implementation. For the methods selected, indicate 

the relative importance of each process in project prioritization. Enter either the weights or numerical 

rankings. If weights are entered, the sum must equal 100. If ranks are entered, indicate ties by giving 

both processes the same rank and skip the next highest rank (as an example: 1, 2, 2, 4).

Relative Weight in Scoring

Rank of Priority Consideration

Ranking based on B/C

Available funding 100

Incremental B/C

Ranking based on net benefit

Other 

What proportion of highway safety improvement program funds address systemic improvements? 
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

10

2

Highway safety improvment program funds are used to address which of the following systemic 

improvments?

Cable Median Barriers Rumble Strips

Traffic Control Device Rehabilitation Pavement/Shoulder Widening

Install/Improve Signing Install/Improve Pavement Marking and/or 

Delineation

Upgrade Guard Rails Clear Zone Improvements

Safety Edge Install/Improve Lighting

Add/Upgrade/Modify/Remove Traffic Signal Other 

Other than low cost improvements on local corridors, Vermont does not have systematic safety 

improvement programs that are based on high risk roadway features. Rather, Vermont implements 

various treatments on a statewide basis of by policy. For example, on paving projects, Vermont is 

implementing the SafetyEdge on all of its paving projects, Vermont is installing Centerline Rumble 

Stripes as per the developed guidance and Vermont is widening shoulders to 4 ft minimum whenever 

feasible. Vermont is further replacing traffic signs in a statewide manner by selecting a number of 

corridors for replacement each year.

What process is used to identify potential countermeasures? 

Engineering Study

Road Safety Assessment

Other: 
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

11

Identify any program methodology practices used to implement the HSIP that have changed since the 

last reporting period.

Highway Safety Manual

Road Safety audits

Systemic Approach

Other: Other-No Change

During the reporting period, we have hired a consultant to review our HSIP methodology. We expect an 

updated methodology to be available in fall 2014.

Describe any other aspects of the Highway Safety Improvement Program methodology on which you 

would like to elaborate. 

The main challenge concerning our HSIP ranking methodology for spot improvements continue to be 

that it does not address roads that are off the Federal Aid System. The current HSIP ranking 

methodology generates locations based on the high crash locations that are generated by VTrans’ 

Highway Research Section. The data that Highway Research uses as input are only for the roads that fall 

under the Federal Aid highway system. Consequently, only locally maintained roads that are on the 

Federal Aid systems are considered as part of the ranking methodology of the HSIP. 

Given that Vermont is a rural state with crashes that tend to be dispersed, another ongoing challenge 

with our current sport improvement methodology is that it tends to identify rural locations with very 

few crashes or urban locations with a large number of crashes at high traffic intersections.
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

12

Progress in Implementing Projects

Funds Programmed

Reporting period for Highway Safety Improvement Program funding.

Calendar Year

State Fiscal Year

Federal Fiscal Year

Enter the programmed and obligated funding for each applicable funding category.

Funding Category Programmed* Obligated

HSIP (Section 148) 10276641.76 70 % 10276641.76 70 %

HRRRP (SAFETEA-LU) 332913.85 2 % 332913.85 2 %

HRRR Special Rule

Penalty Transfer -

Section 154

Penalty Transfer –

Section 164

4079778.16 28 % 4079778.16 28 %

Incentive Grants - 

Section 163

Incentive Grants 

(Section 406)

Other Federal-aid 

Funds (i.e. STP, NHPP)

State and Local Funds
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

13

Totals 14689333.77 100% 14689333.77 100%

How much funding is programmed to local (non-state owned and maintained) safety projects? 

5 %

How much funding is obligated to local safety projects?

5 %

How much funding is programmed to non-infrastructure safety projects? 

2 %

How much funding is obligated to non-infrastructure safety projects?

2 %

How much funding was transferred in to the HSIP from other core program areas during the reporting 

period?

0 %
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

14

How much funding was transferred out of the HSIP to other core program areas during the reporting 

period? 

0 %

Discuss impediments to obligating Highway Safety Improvement Program funds and plans to 

overcome this in the future.

Safety projects should have a quick turnaround to have a significant impact. Major 

construction projects that follow the rigid design process are an impediment to obligating 

funds. Producing more systemic projects with little or no right-of-way and little environmental 

impacts is one way to design and construct more projects and thus spending more money on 

safety.

Describe any other aspects of the general Highway Safety Improvement Program implementation 

progress on which you would like to elaborate.

A consultant has been helping us reviewing our HSIP methodology. As part of this review, a mechanism 

to track progress will be developed. 
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

15

General Listing of Projects

List each highway safety improvement project obligated during the reporting period. 

Project Improvement Category Outpu

t 

HSIP 

Cost

Total 

Cost

Fundin

g 

Catego

ry

Functiona

l 

Classificat

ion

AAD

T

Spe

ed

Roadwa

y 

Owners

hip

Relationship to SHSP

Emphasis 

Area

Strategy

BARRE CITY 

HES 037-1(8) 

- Design

Intersection geometry 

Auxiliary lanes - add leftturn lane

1 

Numb

ers

14052

00

14052

00

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Urban 

Major 

Collector

490

0

25 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Geometry

BARRE 

TOWN HES 

STPG 

6100(6) -

Preliminar

y

Intersection geometry 

Auxiliary lanes - add leftturn lane

1 

Numb

ers

16420

00

16420

00

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

270

0

35 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Geometry

BERLIN 

STPG 

SGNL(40) -

Design

Intersection traffic 

control Modify traffic 

signal -

modernization/replacem

ent

1 

Numb

ers

12351

00

12351

00

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

114

59

50 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

BRISTOL Intersection traffic 1 92500 92500 Penalt Rural 590 30 Town or Intersecti Improve 
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

16

HES 021-

1(28) -

Design

control Modify traffic 

signal -

modernization/replacem

ent

Numb

ers

0 0 y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Minor 

Arterial

0 Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

ons Operations

BURLINGT

ON HES 

5200 (18) -

Design

Intersection traffic 

control Modify control -

all-way stop to 

roundabout

1 

Numb

ers

28350

00

28350

00

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

194

00

30 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

CAMBRIDG

E STP 030-

2(27) -

Completed

Intersection traffic 

control Modify control -

all-way stop to 

roundabout

1 

Numb

ers

22878

39

22878

39

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

715

0

40 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

COLCHEST

ER 

HES028-

1(28) -

Design

Intersection geometry 

Auxiliary lanes - add leftturn lane

2 

Numb

ers

58000

0

58000

0

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

114

50

55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Geometry

COLCHEST

ER HES NH 

5600(14) -

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometry -

other

2 

Numb

ers

80900

00

80900

00

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

211

50

30 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Geometry
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

17

Design Sectio

n 164

Other

ESSEX 

STPG 

SGNL(41) -

Completed

Intersection traffic 

control Modify traffic 

signal -

modernization/replacem

ent

1 

Numb

ers

38542

5

38542

5

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

132

00

40 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

ESSEX 

TOWN STP 

HES 

5400(5) -

Completed

Intersection traffic 

control Intersection 

traffic control - other

1 

Numb

ers

10381

99

10381

99

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

895

0

40 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

FERRISBU

RGH NHG 

SGNL(42) -

Design

Intersection traffic 

control Intersection 

traffic control - other

1 

Numb

ers

65500

0

65500

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

123

00

40 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

HINESBUR

G HES 021-

1(19) -

Design

Intersection geometry 

Auxiliary lanes - add leftturn lane

2 

Numb

ers

20920

00

20920

00

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

855

0

40 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Geometry

JERICHO 

STP HES 

030-1(21) -

Design

Intersection geometry 

Auxiliary lanes - add leftturn lane

1 

Numb

ers

22390

80

22390

80

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

101

49

50 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Geometry
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

18

LOW COST 

SAFETY 

IMPROVE -

Completed

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

6 

Numb

ers

16123 16123 Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Various 0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departur

e

Low Cost 

Improvem

ents

MILTON 

HES 028-

1(27) -

Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

and traffic control - other

0.3 

Miles

70000 70000 Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

950

0

55 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

MORRSITO

WN STP 

HES 030-

2(28) 

Design

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometrics -

modify skew angle

1 

Numb

ers

14600

0

14600

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

670

0

50 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Geometry

NEW 

HAVEN 

HES 032-

1(8) -

Design

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometrics -

miscellaneous/other/uns

pecified

1 

Numb

ers

23600

00

23600

00

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

405

0

45 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Geometry

SOUTH 

BURLINGT

ON HES 

5200(20) -

Intersection traffic 

control Modify traffic 

signal - add long vehicle 

4 

Numb

ers

10400 10400 Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Urban 

Minor 

Collector

635

0

25 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

19

Compelete

d

detection Sectio

n 164

Agency

SOUTH 

HERO STP 

HES 028-

1(22) -

Design

Intersection geometry 

Auxiliary lanes - add leftturn lane

1 

Numb

ers

20500

00

20500

00

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

695

0

35 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Geometry

STATEWID

E HES 

CRSH

Non-infrastructure 

Data/traffic records

1 

Numb

ers

29137 29137 Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Not 

Applicable

, Crash 

Managem

ent

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Data Improve 

Data 

Quality

Statewide 

STPHRRR(

16) -

Completed

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

17.9 

Miles

27112

8

27112

8

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major, 

Minor and 

Local 

Roads

0 0 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departur

e

Low Cost 

Improvem

ents

Statewide 

STPHRRR(

17) -

Completed

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

23.3 

Miles

29000

0

29000

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major, 

Minor and 

Local 

Roads

0 0 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departur

e

Low Cost 

Improvem

ents

Statewide 

STPHRRR(

18) -

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

9.56 

Miles

18000

0

18000

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

Rural 

Major, 

Minor and 

0 0 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Roadway 

Departur

Low Cost 

Improvem
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

20

Completed updated n 148) Local 

Roads

Highway 

Agency

e ents

Statewide 

STPHRRR(

19) -

Completed

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

17.339 

Miles

37200

0

37200

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major, 

Minor and 

Local 

Roads

0 0 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departur

e

Low Cost 

Improvem

ents

Statewide 

STPHRRR(

20) -

Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

0 Miles 37500

0

37500 HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major, 

Minor and 

Local 

Roads

0 0 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departur

e

Low Cost 

Improvem

ents

Statewide 

STPHRRR(

21) -Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

0 Miles 37500

0

37500

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major, 

Minor and 

Local 

Roads

0 0 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departur

e

Low Cost 

Improvem

ents

Statewide 

STPHRRR(

22) -

Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

0 Miles 33000

0

33000

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major, 

Minor and 

Local 

Roads

0 0 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departur

e

Low Cost 

Improvem

ents

Statewide 

STPHRRR(

22) -

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

0 Miles 29000

0

29000

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major, 

Minor and 

Local 

0 0 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Roadway 

Departur

e

Low Cost 

Improvem

ents
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

21

Design updated Roads Agency

Statewide 

Southwest 

STPG 

SIGN(47) -

Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

32.8 

Miles

44590

00

45900

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major 

Collector

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Older 

Drivers

Improve 

Infrastruct

ues for all 

Users

Statewide 

Southwest 

STPG 

SIGN(51) -

Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

22.7 

Miles

28000

0

28000

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Older 

Drivers

Improve 

Infrastruct

ues for all 

Users

StoweBerksire 

STPG 

SIGN(49) -

Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

33.9 

Miles

43600

0

43600

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Older 

Drivers

Improve 

Infrastruct

ues for all 

Users

AlburghColchester 

STPG 

SIGN(45) -

Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

39 

Miles

43200

0

43200

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Older 

Drivers

Improve 

Infrastruct

ues for all 

Users

Barre 

Town STP 

HES 

0169(8) -

Design

Intersection geometry 

Intersection geometrics -

modify skew angle

1 

Numb

ers

42000

0

42000

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major 

Collector

450

0

35 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Geometry
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

22

BartonDerby 

STPG 

SIGN(46) -

Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

25.3 

Miles

40360

0

40360

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major 

Collector

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Older 

Drivers

Improve 

Infrastruct

ues for all 

Users

Brattlebor

o NHG 

SIGN(53) -

Design

Intersection traffic 

control Intersection 

traffic control - other

1 

Numb

ers

54000

0

54000

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

132

00

30 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Driver 

Complianc

e

CalaisGreensbor

o STPG 

SIGN(50) -

Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

22.52 

Miles

29000

0

29000

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Older 

Drivers

Improve 

Infrastruct

ues for all 

Users

Colchester 

STPG 

5600(17) -

Design

Intersection traffic 

control Modify traffic 

signal -

modernization/replacem

ent

1 

Numb

ers

53000

00

53000

00

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

117

00

50 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

ColchesterEssex STPG 

SGNL(45) -

Design

Intersection traffic 

control Modify traffic 

signal -

modernization/replacem

ent

4 

Numb

ers

12200

0

12200

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

23

Essex STP 

5400(7) -

Design

Intersection traffic 

control Modify traffic 

signal -

modernization/replacem

ent

1 

Numb

ers

14100

00

14100

00

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

110

00

40 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

Essex 

STPG 030-

1(22) -

Design

Intersection traffic 

control Modify traffic 

signal -

miscellaneous/other/uns

pecified

1 

Numb

ers

12750

00

12750

00

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

115

00

35 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

GuilfordRockingha

m IMG 

SIGN(44) -

Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

39 

Miles

20430

00

20430

00

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Interstate

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Older 

Drivers

Improve 

Infrastruct

ues for all 

Users

Hartford 

STP 

0113(59)S 

- Design

Intersection traffic 

control Modify control -

modifications to 

roundabout

1 

Numb

ers

31670

00

31670

00

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

940

0

40 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Geometry

HartfordRoyalton 

IMG 

SIGN(48) -

Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

21.32 

Miles

19200

00

19200

00

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Interstate

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Older 

Drivers

Improve 

Infrastruct

ues for all 

Users

Hyde Park Intersection traffic 1 33000 33000 HSIP Rural 780 40 State Intersecti Improve 
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

24

HES 030-

2(34) -

Design

control Modify control -

modifications to 

roundabout

Numb

ers

0 0 (Sectio

n 148)

Minor 

Arterial

0 Highway 

Agency

ons Geometry

Ludlow 

HES 

SGNL(44) -

Design

Intersection traffic 

control Modify traffic 

signal -

miscellaneous/other/uns

pecified

1 

Numb

ers

67500

0

67500

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

675

0

50 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

Milton STP 

5800(3) -

Design

Intersection traffic 

control Modify traffic 

signal -

miscellaneous/other/uns

pecified

1 

Numb

ers

45000

00

45000

00

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Urban 

Minor 

Arterial

111

00

25 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

RandolphBerlin 

STPG 

SIGN(52) -

Design

Roadway signs and traffic 

control Roadway signs 

(including post) - new or 

updated

23.45 

Miles

30400

0

30400

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Major 

Collector

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Older 

Drivers

Improve 

Infrastruct

ues for all 

Users

Statewide 

HES 

GARD(2) -

Design

Roadside Barrier - other 16 

Miles

14250

00

14250

00

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departur

e

Statewide 

IMG 

Roadway delineation 

Longitudinal pavement 

339 76673 76673 HSIP 

(Sectio

Rural 

Principal 

0 0 State 

Highway 

Roadway 

Departur

Improve 

Highway 
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

25

MARK(114

) -

Constructi

on

markings - remarking Miles 4 4 n 148) Arterial -

Interstate

Agency e Delineation

Statewide 

North HES 

MARK(402

) - Design

Roadway delineation 

Longitudinal pavement 

markings - remarking

1147 

Miles

88000

0

88000

0

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Rural 

Major 

Collector

0 0 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departur

e

Improve 

Highway 

Delineation

Statewide 

South HES 

MARK(401

) -

Completed

Roadway delineation 

Longitudinal pavement 

markings - remarking

1017 

Miles

76648

4

76648

4

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Local 

Road or 

Street

0 0 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departur

e

Improve 

Highway 

Delineation

Statewide 

South HES 

MARK(403

) -

Constructi

on

Roadway delineation 

Longitudinal pavement 

markings - remarking

1022 

Miles

89000

0

89000

0

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Rural 

Major 

Collector

0 0 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Roadway 

Departur

e

Improve 

Highway 

Delineation

Waterbury 

NHG 

SIGNL(43) 

-

Constructi

Intersection traffic 

control Modify traffic 

signal -

miscellaneous/other/uns

pecified

2 

Numb

ers

29643

8

29643

8

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

140

00

40 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

26

on

Waterbury 

STP 

SGNL(18) -

Design

Intersection traffic 

control Modify control -

two-way stop to 

roundabout

1 

Numb

ers

50850

00

50850

00

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Minor 

Arterial

104

50

25 Town or 

Townshi

p 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

Waterbury 

Area STP 

WKZN(9) -

Design

Work Zone 0 98500

0

98500

0

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Various 

Roads

0 0 State 

Highway 

Agency

Work 

Zones

Improve 

Operations

Williston 

STPG 

5500(14) -

Design

Intersection traffic 

control Modify traffic 

signal -

miscellaneous/other/uns

pecified

1 

Numb

ers

14250

00

14250

00

HSIP 

(Sectio

n 148)

Rural 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

187

00

40 State 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations

Winooski 

HES 

5100(13) -

Design

Pedestrians and bicyclists 

Pedestrian beacons

1 

Numb

ers

87000

0

87000

0

Penalt

y 

Transf

er –

Sectio

n 164

Urban 

Principal 

Arterial -

Other

222

00

25 City of 

Municip

al 

Highway 

Agency

Intersecti

ons

Improve 

Operations
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

27

Progress in Achieving Safety Performance Targets

Overview of General Safety Trends

Present data showing the general highway safety trends in the state for the past five years. 

Performance Measures* 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Number of fatalities 74 74 68 70 69

Number of serious injuries 435 419 399 385 361

Fatality rate (per HMVMT) 0.99 1 0.92 0.97 0.96

Serious injury rate (per 

HMVMT)

5.79 5.64 5.44 5.31 4.98

*Performance measure data is presented using a five-year rolling average.
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

28
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

29
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

30

To the maximum extent possible, present performance measure* data by functional classification and ownership. 

Year - 2013

Function 

Classification

Number of fatalities Number of serious injuries Fatality rate (per HMVMT) Serious injury rate (per HMVMT)

RURAL PRINCIPAL 

ARTERIAL - INTERSTATE

6 26 0.5 52.82

RURAL PRINCIPAL 

ARTERIAL - OTHER 

FREEWAYS AND 

EXPRESSWAYS

0 0 0 0

RURAL PRINCIPAL 

ARTERIAL - OTHER

12 32 1.68 20.25

RURAL MINOR 

ARTERIAL

8 55 0.85 86.47

RURAL MINOR 

COLLECTOR

3 12 1.2 5.6

RURAL MAJOR 

COLLECTOR

17 70 1.43 50.41

RURAL LOCAL ROAD OR 

STREET

12 53 1.13 5.16

URBAN PRINCIPAL 1 4 0.27 0.95
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

31

ARTERIAL - INTERSTATE

URBAN PRINCIPAL 

ARTERIAL - OTHER 

FREEWAYS AND 

EXPRESSWAYS

1 3 1.52 4.04

URBAN PRINCIPAL 

ARTERIAL - OTHER

3 33 0.6 7.58

URBAN MINOR 

ARTERIAL

3 28 0.97 7.76

URBAN MINOR 

COLLECTOR

0 0 0 0

URBAN MAJOR 

COLLECTOR

2 17 1 7.75

URBAN LOCAL ROAD 

OR STREET

1 12 0.25 3.06
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

32
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

33
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

34
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

35
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

36

Year - 2013

Roadway Ownership Number of 

fatalities

Number of serious 

injuries

Fatality rate (per 

HMVMT)

Serious injury rate (per 

HMVMT)

STATE HIGHWAY AGENCY 57.8 278.6 0 0

COUNTY HIGHWAY AGENCY 0 0 0 0

TOWN OR TOWNSHIP HIGHWAY AGENCY 7 43.8 0 0

CITY OF MUNICIPAL HIGHWAY AGENCY 16.2 93.6 0 0

STATE PARK, FOREST, OR RESERVATION AGENCY 0 0 0 0

LOCAL PARK, FOREST OR RESERVATION AGENCY 0 0 0 0

OTHER STATE AGENCY 0 0 0 0

OTHER LOCAL AGENCY 0 0 0 0

PRIVATE (OTHER THAN RAILROAD) 0 0 0 0

RAILROAD 0 0 0 0

STATE TOLL AUTHORITY 0 0 0 0

LOCAL TOLL AUTHORITY 0 0 0 0

OTHER PUBLIC INSTRUMENTALITY (E.G. AIRPORT, 

SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY)

0 0 0 0

INDIAN TRIBE NATION 0 0 0 0
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

37

OTHER 0 0 0 0
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

38
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

39
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

40
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

41
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

42

Note that the data for State Highway Agency also include some crashes that took place on Vermont Class I Roads that would be owned by towns 

and cities. 

Also note that HMVTMs by Roadway Ownership are not available for years prior to 2010 and that five-year rolling averages cannot be computed 

yet, since we have only four years of data.
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

43

Describe any other aspects of the general highway safety trends on which you would like to elaborate.

The crash data analysis reviewed included reported crashes from the five-year periods between the 

years 2005 and 2013. Major crashes are defined as crashes that either resulted in a fatal injury or in an 

incapacitating injury.

The number of major crashes five-year average has declined from 421 major crashes for the 2005-2009 

period to 357 for the 2009-2013 period. This represents a 15% reduction in the five-year average.

Over the same two periods, there has been a 6.7% decline in the five-year average of the total number 

of fatalities (from 74 to 69). 

In a similar manner, there has been a 17% reduction in the five-year average of the total number of 

serious injuries (from 435 to 361).

These reductions are also reflected in the fatality rate per HMVMT and for the serious injury rate per 

HMVMT. While the five-year average fatality rate was 0.99 for the 2005-2009 period, it is now 0.96 for 

the 2009-2013 period. For the serious injury rate, it was 5.79 for the 2005-2009 period and it is now 4.98 

for the 2009-2013 period.

Over the years, leaving the road and crashes taking place at intersections have been the two crash types 

that have typically accounted for a large proportion of major crashes.

Very small reductions in the number of fatalities and serious injuries for these two crash types have 

taken place. The respective five-year averages for fatalities and serious injuries at intersections were 

12.4 fatalities and 36 injuries for 2005-2009 and 13.6 and 32.6 for 2009-2013. For Lane departure 

crashes, the five-year averages for fatalities and serious injuries at were 37.4 fatalities and 148 injuries 

for 2005-2009 and 35.8 and 158 for 2009-2013. 

The five-year average for the number of fatalities involving a pedestrian increased from between the 

2005-2009 period and the 2009-2013 period from 2.6 to 5.8. Similarly, the average for the number of 

injuries involving a pedestrian also increased from 21.8 to 24.8. On the other hand, the five-year average 

for the number of bicycle fatalities slightly increased from 0 to 0.2 while the number of serious injuries 

involving a bicyclist decreased from 12.2 to 11.6 over the same two periods.

Application of Special Rules

Present the rate of traffic fatalities and serious injuries per capita for drivers and pedestrians over the 

age of 65. 

Older Driver

Performance Measures

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

44

Fatality rate (per 

capita)

0.09 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07

Serious injury rate 

(per capita)

0.27 0.27 0.25 0.22 0.18

Fatality and serious 

injury rate (per capita)

0.36 0.37 0.34 0.3 0.25

*Performance measure data is presented using a five-year rolling average.

The Injury A, Incapacitating Injury, category was use to represent Serious Injuries.

The number of people 65 years of age and older (per 1,000 total population) for each year was obtained 

from Attachment 2 of Section 142: Older Drivers and Pedestrians Special Rule Interim Guidance dated 

February 13, 2013.

The five year average Fatal (F) and Serious Injuries (SI) per capita for Drivers and Pedestrians 65 years of 

age and older for year ending in 2012 and 2010 was calculated for the following periods respectively, 

2012 (2012, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008) and 2010 (2010, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006).

For each period, the rate was calculated by summing up the fatal and serious injuries for a given year 

and dividing the total for that year by the population figure for the year. The rates for the period were 

then summed up and divided by 5 to obtain the five year average for the two ending year (2010 and 

2012). 

All rates were calculated to the hundredths after the decimal point and then rounded to the nearest 

tenths. 

The 2010 rate was 0.4 and the 2012 rate was 0.3. There is no increase and therefore the rule does not 

apply.

The calculations are shown on the attached document to this question.
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

45

Does the older driver special rule apply to your state? 

No
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

46

Assessment of the Effectiveness of the Improvements (Program 

Evaluation)

What indicators of success can you use to demonstrate effectiveness and success in the Highway 

Safety Improvement Program?

None

Benefit/cost

Policy change

Other: Other-Overall reduction in certain type of crashes such as at intersections or leaving off the 

road

What significant programmatic changes have occurred since the last reporting period? 

Shift Focus to Fatalities and Serious Injuries

Include Local Roads in Highway Safety Improvement Program

Organizational Changes

None

Other: 

Briefly describe significant program changes that have occurred since the last reporting period. 

There have been no program changes during this reporting period.
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

47

SHSP Emphasis Areas

For each SHSP emphasis area that relates to the HSIP, present trends in emphasis area performance measures. 

Year - 2013

HSIP-related SHSP 

Emphasis Areas

Target 

Crash Type

Number of 

fatalities

Number of 

serious injuries

Fatality rate 

(per HMVMT)

Serious injury rate 

(per HMVMT)

Other1Other2Other3

Lane Departure All 36 158 0.5 2.18 175.8 0 0

Intersections All 11 77 0.14 1.07 77.4 0 0

Pedestrians All 6 25 0.08 0.34 31 0 0

Bicyclists All 0 12 0 0.16 11.4 0 0

Older Drivers All 14 33 0.19 0.46 62 0 0

Motorcyclists All 7 41 0.1 0.57 47.4 0 0

Work Zones All 0 2 0 0.03 1.8 0 0
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

48
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

49
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

50
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

51

Note: In its Strategic Highway Safety Plan, Vermont combined the lane departure and the roadway departure emphasis areas into one emphasis 

areas. It is shown here under land departure.
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

52

Groups of similar project types

Present the overall effectiveness of groups of similar types of projects.

Year - 2013

HSIP Sub-program 

Types

Target 

Crash Type

Number of 

fatalities

Number of 

serious injuries

Fatality rate (per 

HMVMT)

Serious injury rate 

(per HMVMT)

Other1Other2Other3

Low-Cost Spot 

Improvements

Run-offroad35.8 158 0.49 2.18 0 0 0
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

53
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

54
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

55
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

56
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

57

Systemic Treatments

Present the overall effectiveness of systemic treatments.

Year - 2013

Systemic 

improvement

Target 

Crash Type

Number of 

fatalities

Number of 

serious injuries

Fatality rate (per 

HMVMT)

Serious injury rate 

(per HMVMT)

Other1Other2Other3

Install/Improve 

Signing

All 17.6 84.4 0.74 3.54 0 0 0
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

58
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

59
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

60
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

61

This systemic improvement refers to the review of high risk rural roads based on crash data and on the installation of signs and markings. Only 

the signs are used for reporting effectiveness on this report. The rural roads are AO groups 3, 4 and 7. The target crashes are all the crashes 

that have taken place on rural roads and tha resulted in fatal or serious injuries.
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

62

Describe any other aspects of the overall Highway Safety Improvement Program effectiveness on 

which you would like to elaborate. 

Of the seven emphasis areas identified in the SHSP, lane departure crashes and intersection 

crashes are the two areas that specifically relate to engineering and the HSIP. 

The current SHSP has target reductions for intersection and lane departure major crashes that 

have been set at 10% of 2012 thresholds. In terms of numbers, this represents a five-year target 

of 72 major crashes for intersection crashes and a five-year average target of 186 major 

crashes for lane departure crashes.

The latest five-year average (2009-2013) for lane departure crashes is 176 major crashes, 

which is below the SHSP target of 186 major crashes. 

For the emphasis area concerning intersections, the latest five-year average is 77 major 

crashes. This five-year average is above the SHSP target of 72 major crashes at intersections. 

Overall, the SHSP has the goal of reducing major crashes by 10% by 2016. The baseline fiveyear average from the 2008-2012 period for fatal and serious injury crashes is 376 major 

crashes. The current five-year average (2009-2013) is 358 major crashes and is above the 2016 

five-year target of 338 major crashes.
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

63

Provide project evaluation data for completed projects (optional). 

Location Functional 

Class

Improvement 

Category

Improvement 

Type

BefFatalBefSerious 

Injury

BefOther 

Injury

BefPDOBefTotalAftFatalAftSerious 

Injury

AftOther 

Injury

AftPDOAftTotalEvaluation 

Results 

(Benefit/ 

Cost Ratio)

HSIP00722, 

Hyde Park, 

VT 15 and 

VT 100

Rural Minor 

Arterial

Intersection 

traffic control

Modify control -

modifications to 

roundabout

0 0 4 11 15 0 1 3 6 10 0.17

This table includes only the projects that have three full years of “after” data. 

The list does not include projects that were listed under this question in previous years. 
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

64

Optional Attachments

Sections Files Attached

Progress in Achieving Safety Performance 

Targets: Application of Special Rules

Question 27 Calculations.xls
2014 Vermont Highway Safety Improvement Program

65

Glossary

5 year rolling average means the average of five individual, consecutive annual points of data (e.g. 

annual fatality rate).

Emphasis area means a highway safety priority in a State’s SHSP, identified through a data-driven, 

collaborative process. 

Highway safety improvement project means strategies, activities and projects on a public road that are 

consistent with a State strategic highway safety plan and corrects or improves a hazardous road location 

or feature or addresses a highway safety problem. 

HMVMT means hundred million vehicle miles traveled.

Non-infrastructure projects are projects that do not result in construction. Examples of noninfrastructure projects include road safety audits, transportation safety planning activities, 

improvements in the collection and analysis of data, education and outreach, and enforcement 

activities.

Older driver special rule applies if traffic fatalities and serious injuries per capita for drivers and 

pedestrians over the age of 65 in a State increases during the most recent 2-year period for which data 

are available, as defined in the Older Driver and Pedestrian Special Rule Interim Guidance dated 

February 13, 2013. 

Performance measure means indicators that enable decision-makers and other stakeholders to monitor 

changes in system condition and performance against established visions, goals, and objectives.

Programmed funds mean those funds that have been programmed in the Statewide Transportation 

Improvement Program (STIP) to be expended on highway safety improvement projects.

Roadway Functional Classification means the process by which streets and highways are grouped into 

classes, or systems, according to the character of service they are intended to provide.

Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP) means a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary plan, based on safety 

data developed by a State Department of Transportation in accordance with 23 U.S.C. 148. 

Systemic safety improvement means an improvement that is widely implemented based on high risk 

roadway features that are correlated with specific severe crash types. 

Transfer means, in accordance with provisions of 23 U.S.C. 126, a State may transfer from an 

apportionment under section 104(b) not to exceed 50 percent of the amount apportioned for the fiscal 

year to any other apportionment of the State under that section.