II 

118TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. 2871 

To advance Federal Government innovation through the implementation and 

use of multi-cloud computing software technology, and for other purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

SEPTEMBER 20, 2023 

Mr. DAINES (for himself and Ms. ROSEN) introduced the following bill; which 

was read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and 

Governmental Affairs 

A BILL 

To advance Federal Government innovation through the implementation and use of multi-cloud computing software 

technology, and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Multi-Cloud Innovation 

5 and Advancement Act of 2023’’. 

6 SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 

7 In this Act: 


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1 (1) AGENCY.—The term ‘‘agency’’ has the 

2 meaning given the term in section 3502 of title 44, 

3 United States Code. 

4 (2) CLOUD COMPUTING.—The term ‘‘cloud 

5 computing’’ has the meaning given the term in Spe6 cial Publication 800–145 of the National Institute of 

7 Standards and Technology, or any successor docu8 ment. 

9 (3) COMPTROLLER GENERAL.—The term 

10 ‘‘Comptroller General’’ means the Comptroller Gen11 eral of the United States. 

12 (4) DIRECTOR.—The term ‘‘Director’’ means 

13 the Director of the Office of Management and Budg14 et. 

15 (5) INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS

16 TECHNOLOGY.—The term ‘‘information and commu17 nications technology’’— 

18 (A) has the meaning given the term in 

19 subpart 2.101 of the Federal Acquisition Regu20 lation, or any successor regulation; and 

21 (B) includes associated services. 

22 (6) MULTI-CLOUD TECHNOLOGY.—The term 

23 ‘‘multi-cloud technology’’ means architecture and 

24 services that allow for data, application, and pro25 gram portability, usability, and interoperability beVerDate Sep 11 2014 02:11 Sep 23, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S2871.IS S2871

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1 tween infrastructure, platforms, and hosted applica2 tions of multiple cloud computing vendors and be3 tween public, private, and edge cloud environments 

4 in a manner that securely delivers operational and 

5 management consistency, comprehensive visibility, 

6 and resiliency. 

7 (7) RELEVANT COMMITTEES OF CONGRESS.— 

8 The term ‘‘relevant committees of Congress’’ means 

9 the Committee on Homeland Security and Govern10 mental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on 

11 Oversight and Accountability of the House of Rep12 resentatives. 

13 SEC. 3. USE OF MULTI-CLOUD TECHNOLOGY. 

14 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the 

15 date of enactment of this Act, the Director, in consultation 

16 with the Administrator of General Services, the Director 

17 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, 

18 the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Administrator of 

19 the United States Digital Service, and the Administrator 

20 of the Office of Electronic Government, shall— 

21 (1) identify and evaluate any impediments to 

22 the adoption of multi-cloud technology by agencies; 

23 (2) identify best practices for how agencies can 

24 implement multi-cloud technology to allow for data 


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1 portability and interoperability across multiple cloud 

2 computing vendors; 

3 (3) evaluate the adoption by agencies of cyber4 security frameworks to support multi-cloud tech5 nology; and 

6 (4) develop written guidance for agencies based 

7 on the results of the identification described in para8 graph (2) that— 

9 (A) describes how agencies should use 

10 multi-cloud technology to allow for applications, 

11 data, and programs to be portable and inter12 operable between public, private, and edge cloud 

13 environments; and 

14 (B) outlines a roadmap for the implemen15 tation of multi-cloud technology across agencies 

16 not later than January 1, 2025. 

17 (b) BRIEFING.—Not later than 1 year after the date 

18 of enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to the 

19 relevant committees of Congress— 

20 (1) a copy of the written guidance developed 

21 under subsection (a)(4); 

22 (2) a briefing on the implementation of multi23 cloud technology by agencies; and 


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1 (3) any recommendations relating to the expan2 sion or extension of the implementation described in 

3 paragraph (2). 

4 SEC. 4. WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT STUDY AND TECH5 NICAL CAPABILITIES ASSESSMENT. 

6 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the 

7 date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General 

8 shall submit to Congress and make publicly available a 

9 report that— 

10 (1) assesses the state of the digital skills and 

11 expertise gap within the Federal workforce relating 

12 to information and communications technology, with 

13 particular attention to the skills and expertise gap 

14 relating to cloud computing and multi-cloud tech15 nology; 

16 (2) assesses the capability of the Federal acqui17 sition workforce to effectively research, solicit, evalu18 ate, acquire, and manage multi-cloud technology 

19 from vendors, with particular attention to flexible or 

20 modular contracting practices that facilitate the in21 herently complex and dynamic nature of multi-cloud 

22 technology procurement; 

23 (3) estimates any costs associated with addi24 tional Federal workforce training as a result of the 

25 increased adoption of multi-cloud technologies; and 


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1 (4) includes any recommendations to address 

2 any gap identified as a result of the assessment de3 scribed in paragraph (1) relating to— 

4 (A) Federal workforce development activi5 ties, including training, certifications, staffing 

6 levels, and partnerships; and 

7 (B) policies and hiring practices for agen8 cies. 

9 (b) TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT.—Not later than 1 year 

10 after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller 

11 General shall submit to Congress and make publicly avail12 able a report that— 

13 (1) assesses the technical capabilities of existing 

14 agency networks to support multi-cloud technology; 

15 (2) evaluates any technical capability impedi16 ments of agencies that delay the adoption of multi17 cloud technology; and 

18 (3) includes any recommendations relating to 

19 policies and best practices for agencies to address 

20 any impediments identified as a result of the assess21 ment described in paragraph (1) and the evaluation 

22 described in paragraph (2). 

23 SEC. 5. REPORT TO CONGRESS. 

24 Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 

25 of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to ConVerDate Sep 11 2014 02:11 Sep 23, 2023 Jkt 039200 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S2871.IS S2871

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1 gress and make publicly available a report assessing how 

2 agencies have implemented the guidance developed under 

3 section 3(a)(4) to deploy and secure multi-cloud tech4 nology architecture that includes multiple cloud computing 

5 software vendors. 

Æ 


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