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[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2950 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>

118th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2950

            To align the fiscal year with the calendar year.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

           September 27 (legislative day, September 22), 2023

   Mr. Kaine introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
            To align the fiscal year with the calendar year.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. CHANGE OF FISCAL YEAR.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Change of calendar period.--Section 1102 of title 31, 
        United States Code, is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``October 1'' and inserting 
                ``January 1''; and
                    (B) by striking ``September 30 of the following 
                year'' and inserting ``December 31 of that year''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraph (1) 
        shall take effect on January 1, 2026.
    (b) Transition to New Fiscal Year.--
            (1) Transition period budget.--As soon as practicable, the 
        President shall prepare and submit to Congress--
                    (A) after consultation with the Committee on the 
                Budget and the Committee on Appropriations of the House 
                of Representatives and the Committee on the Budget and 
                the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, budget 
                estimates for the Federal Government for the period 
                commencing October 1, 2025, and ending on December 31, 
                2025, in such form and detail as the President may 
                determine; and
                    (B) proposed legislation the President considers 
                appropriate with respect to changes in law necessary to 
                provide authorizations of appropriations for that 
                period.
            (2) Agency transition.--The Director of the Office of 
        Management and Budget shall--
                    (A) provide by regulation, order, or otherwise for 
                the orderly transition by all departments, agencies, 
                and instrumentalities of the Federal Government and the 
                government of the District of Columbia from the use of 
                the fiscal year in effect on the date of the enactment 
                of this Act to the use of the new fiscal year 
                prescribed under the amendments made by subsection (a); 
                and
                    (B) prepare and submit to Congress such additional 
                proposed legislation as the Director considers 
                necessary to accomplish the orderly transition to such 
                new fiscal year.
    (c) Accounting Procedures.--
            (1) In general.--Section 1552(a) of title 31, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking ``September 30'' and inserting 
        ``December 31''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) 
        shall apply with respect to any fiscal year commencing on or 
        after January 1, 2026.
    (d) Conversion of Authorizations of Appropriations.--Any law 
providing for an authorization of appropriations commencing on October 
1 of a year shall, if that year is any year after 2025, be considered 
as meaning January 1 of the following year. Any law providing for an 
authorization of appropriations ending on September 30 of a year shall, 
if that year is any year after 2025, be considered as meaning December 
31 of that year. Any law providing for an authorization of 
appropriations for the fiscal year 2026 or any fiscal year thereafter 
shall be construed as referring to that fiscal year ending on December 
31 of the calendar year having the same calendar year number as the 
fiscal year number.
    (e) Title of Appropriation Acts.--
            (1) In general.--Section 105 of title 1, United States 
        Code, is amended by striking ``September 30'' and inserting 
        ``December 31''.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) 
        shall apply with respect to any fiscal year commencing on or 
        after January 1, 2026.

SEC. 2. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Section 202(e) of the Congressional Budget and 
        Impoundment Control Act of 1974 (2 U.S.C. 602(e)) is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), in the first sentence--
                            (i) by striking ``February 15'' and 
                        inserting ``May 15''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``October 1 of that year'' 
                        and inserting ``January 1 of the next calendar 
                        year''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by striking ``On or before January 15 
                        of each year'' and inserting ``On or before 
                        April 15 of each year'';
                            (ii) by striking ``September 30'' each 
                        place it appears and inserting ``December 31''; 
                        and
                            (iii) by striking ``October 1 of that 
                        calendar year'' and inserting ``January 1 of 
                        the next calendar year''.
            (2) Section 300 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 
        U.S.C. 631) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 300. TIMETABLE.

    ``The timetable with respect to the congressional budget process is 
as follows:

``On or before:                           Action to be completed:
First Monday in May.....................  President submits to Congress the budget of the President.
May 15..................................  Congressional Budget Office submits report to Budget Committees.
Not later than 6 weeks after President    Committees submit views and estimates to Budget Committees.
 submits budget.
July 1..................................  Senate Budget Committee reports concurrent resolution on the budget.
July 15.................................  Congress completes action on concurrent resolution on the budget.
August 15...............................  Annual appropriation bills may be considered in the House.
September 10............................  House appropriations Committee reports last annual appropriation bill.
September 15............................  Congress completes action on reconciliation legislation.
September 30............................  House completes action on annual appropriation bills.
January 1...............................  Fiscal year begins.''.
 

            (3) Section 301(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 
        (2 U.S.C. 632(a)) is amended, in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1)--
                    (A) by striking the first sentence and inserting 
                ``On or before July 15 of each year, the Congress shall 
                complete action on a concurrent resolution on the 
                budget for the fiscal year beginning on January 1 of 
                the following year.''; and
                    (B) in the second sentence, by striking ``October 1 
                of such year'' and inserting ``January 1 of the 
                following year''.
            (4) Section 302 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 
        U.S.C. 633) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)(5), by striking ``April 15'' 
                and inserting ``July 15''; and
                    (B) in subsection (g)(1), by striking ``April 15'' 
                and inserting ``July 15''.
            (5) Section 303(b)(2) of the Congressional Budget Act of 
        1974 (2 U.S.C. 634(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``May 15'' and 
        inserting ``August 15''.
            (6) Section 307 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 
        U.S.C. 638 et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) in the section heading, by striking ``june 10'' 
                and inserting ``september 10'';
                    (B) by striking ``June 10'' and inserting 
                ``September 10''; and
                    (C) by striking ``October 1 of that year'' and 
                inserting ``January 1 of the next year''.
            (7) Section 309 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 
        U.S.C. 640) is amended, in the first sentence--
                    (A) by striking ``July'' and inserting ``October''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking ``October 1 of such year'' and 
                inserting ``January 1 of the next year''.
            (8) Section 310(f) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 
        (2 U.S.C. 641(f)) is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``July'' and inserting ``October''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking ``the fiscal year beginning on 
                October 1 of the calendar year to which the adjournment 
                resolution pertains'' and inserting ``the fiscal year 
                beginning on January 1 of the calendar year after the 
                calendar year to the adjournment resolution pertains''.
            (9) The table of contents in section 1(b) of the 
        Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 is 
        amended by striking the item relating to section 307 and 
        inserting the following:

``Sec. 307. House committee action on all appropriation bills to be 
                            completed by September 10.''.
            (10) Section 250(c)(12) of the Balanced Budget and 
        Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 900(c)(12)) is 
        amended by striking ``October 1 of the calendar year in which 
        that session begins'' and inserting ``January 1 of the calendar 
        year after the year in which that session begins''.
            (11) Section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, is 
        amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by striking ``On 
        or after the first Monday in January but not later than the 
        first Monday in February of each year'' and inserting ``Not 
        later than the first Monday in May of each year''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall 
apply with respect to any fiscal year commencing on or after January 1, 
2026.
                                 <all>
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