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                Backing Vehicle: Crash-Type Manual for Pedestrians
  
  **Comment:**
      Description, severity, age of pedestrian, and summary of crashes that occur when a pedestrian is struck by a vehicle that was backing up.
    
          **Last Updated (Year):** 1996
    
          **Year Produced:** 1996
    
          **Abstract**:Bicyclists or pedestrians are involved in approximately one out of six highway fatalities each year. This research was conducted in order to better understand the precipitating actions, predisposing factors and characteristic populations involved. Some of the factors reviewed include: walking into vehicle intersection, driver violations, midblock dart out, suicides, domestic/dispute related, backing vehicles, walking alone, exiting/entering parked vehicle, vehicle turn/merge and assaults with vehicles. A greater understanding of the causes could help to identify situations where better engineering, increased public awareness and the enactment of regulatory countermeasures could help reduce the number of injuries and fatalities.

    
          **For:**Walking
    
          **The E's:**Evaluation, Engineering
    
          **Ped Bike Activity:**
      PlanningAssessment**Ped Bike Topic:**
      User CharacteristicsResearchDataCrashesCrash Types**Resource Type:**
      Information**Link to Content Source:**
                          Crash-Type Manual for Pedestrians U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

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