# United States Court of Appeals

For the Seventh Circuit

Chicago, Illinois 60604

Submitted December 11, 2014 *

Decided December 12, 2014

Before

DIANE P. WOOD, Chief Judge

J OEL M. FLAUM, Circuit Judge

ILANA DIAMOND ROVNER, Circuit Judge

No. 14

‐ 2612

SUSAN ANN SANDS WEDEWARD,

Plaintiff

‐ Appellant

,

v

.

LOCAL 306, NATIONAL POSTAL

MAIL HANDLERS UNION,

Defendant

‐ Appellee

. Appeal from the United States District

Court for the Western District of Wisconsin.

No. 13

‐ cv

‐ 100

‐ bbc

Barbara B. Crabb,

J udge

.

O R D E R

Susan Ann Sands Wedeward, a former postal worker, appeals the grant of

summary judgment for her union, National Mail Handler’s Local 306, which, she

asserted, breached its duty of fair representation in connection with her efforts to

challenge her discharge by the United States Postal Service. We affirm.

* After examining the briefs and record, we have concluded that oral argument is

unnecessary. Thus the appeal is submitted on the briefs and record. See F ED

. R. A PP

. P.

34(a)(2). NONPRECEDENTIAL DISPOSITION

To be cited onl y in accordance with Fed. R. A pp

. P. 32.1No. 14

‐ 2612 Page 2

Wedeward’s dispute with the union began in 2006, when she injured her back

lifting mail bags and had her request for worker’s compensation denied. She blamed the

union for not interceding with the Post Office to fix the paperwork that led to the denial

of her claim (the injury description did not match the incident report). Wedeward took

some time off after her injury and upon her return was moved to light duty.

Four years later her supervisor told her that she would have to resume regular

duty unless she updated the medical documentation supporting her light

‐ duty

restriction. Wedeward initially agreed to provide documentation but changed her mind

because, she told her union steward, she already had documented the permanent nature

of her disability. After learning that Wedeward would be removed from light duty, the

union steward encouraged Wedeward to provide the documentation. Wedeward didn’t,

and was removed from light duty. Wedeward refused reassignment, did not return to

work, and was marked “AWOL.”

The union challenged the AWOL designation in grievances filed on Wedeward’s

behalf. At a “day in court” session conducted by management (to give Wedeward a

chance to respond to disciplinary charges), Wedeward and the union maintained that

she was disabled, disputed the charge that she had been “AWOL,” and criticized

management’s forcing her to choose between working at the risk of further injury or

simply going home. Management eventually disciplined Wedeward for being “AWOL”

and discharged her.

The union continued to challenge Wedeward’s discharge through the grievance

procedure outlined by the collective bargaining agreement. At the Step One meeting (an

initial attempt to resolve the grievance with a supervisor), the union again argued that

Wedeward should not have had to choose between accepting the reassignment or going

home. Although management offered to rescind its discipline as long as Wedeward

provided the necessary medical documentation, she rejected the offer. The case

proceeded to Step Two (at which management prepares an official decision explaining

its reason for rejecting the grievance), and the union and Post Office agreed to hold the

case in abeyance pending resolution of the social security disability claim that

Wedeward had filed. At Step Three (where the union appeals the Step Two decision) the

Post Office again denied the grievance. The union then exercised its discretion to bring

Wedeward’s grievance to arbitration, in the hope that she could obtain a settlement that

would allow her to leave on disability retirement rather than under discipline. Delays

ensued, first because the arbitrator was unavailable and later because the union’s

advocate retired, and then the arbitration was suspended while the union negotiated aNo. 14

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new collective bargaining agreement. When the arbitration was rescheduled, Wedeward

informed the union she no longer wished to proceed, so the union withdrew from the

arbitration.

Wedeward then sued the union in Wisconsin state court, asserting that the union

denied her fair representation in her challenge to her discharge and in her 2006

application for worker’s compensation. The union removed the case to federal court.

The district court granted summary judgment for the union. The court

determined that the union did not breach its duty of fair representation in her dispute; to

the contrary, the union made extensive efforts to help her challenge her discharge at all

stages of the grievance process. Wedeward, the court added, failed to produce any

evidence to raise a question of fact about whether the union acted with discrimination,

hostility, or arbitrariness in its representation. And to the extent that Wedeward believed

that the union denied her fair representation in her attempts to obtain worker’s

compensation, she had no claim, the court concluded, because the worker’s

compensation program run by the Postal Service was not covered by its collective

bargaining agreement with the union.

Wedeward’s arguments on appeal are difficult to pin down, but she seems to

suggest that the union breached its duty of fair representation by allowing her

arbitration to be postponed. But the district court correctly concluded that Wedeward

provided no evidence to suggest that the union acted in a manner that was “arbitrary,

discriminatory, or in bad faith.” Vaca v. Sipes

, 386 U.S. 171, 190 (1967). See also Truhlar v.

U.S. Postal Serv.

, 600 F.3d 888, 892–93 (7th Cir. 2010) (to show arbitrariness, the union

must have acted “so far outside a wide range of reasonableness, as to be irrational”)

quoting Air Line Pilots Ass’n Int’l v. O’Neill

, 499 U.S. 65, 67 (1991); Nemsky v. ConocoPhillips

Co.

, 574 F.3d 859, 866 (7th Cir. 2009) (to show bad faith the plaintiff must provide

subjective evidence the union official’s decisions were improperly motivated). Not only

was the rescheduling of the original arbitration outside the union’s control—because of

the arbitrator’s unavailability, the advocate’s retirement, and the negotiation of the new

collective bargaining agreement—but Wedeward herself decided not to proceed with

the arbitration when it was rescheduled.

Wedeward also maintains that the union breached its duty of fair representation

with regard to her 2006 worker’s compensation claim when it failed to correct

misstatements on the forms that characterized how her injury occurred. But as the court

properly explained, the union owed her no such duty because the worker’sNo. 14

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compensation process is not covered by the collective bargaining agreement. See White v.

White Rose Food, a Div. of DiGiorgio Corp.

, 237 F.3d 174, 183 (2d Cir. 2001) (no breach of

union’s duty of fair representation where there was no duty to inform members about an

amendment to a settlement agreement); Freeman v. Local Union No. 135, Chauffeurs,

Teamsters, Warehousemen and Helpers

, 746 F.2d 1316, 1321–22 (7th Cir. 1984) (“union was

under no duty to provide [plaintiff] with more legal assistance than bargained for or

required by law.”).

AFFIRMED.