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OAR Box 1672 

Prepped by Charmelle Mathews 

Document Number: 

tf ?g) ll-B-20 

Docket Number: 

A-98-13 

Printed 9/30/2008 11:01:00 AM Sheet 26 of 132 
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A-9S-/3 

TT-B-ZO 

November 23, 1994 

FACT SHEET 

FINAL AIR TOXICS RULE FOR GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION FACILITIES 

TODAY'S ACTION... 

• The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is issuing a final 

rule to reduce air toxics emissions from gasoline 

distribution facilities nationwide. 

• Gasoline bulk terminals and pipeline breakout stations 

transfer and store gasoline (and other petroleum products) 

as it is distributed from petroleum refineries to service 

stations and gasoline bulk plants. Air toxics are released 

from these facilities during gasoline tank truck and rail 

car loading, gasoline storage, and from vapor leaks from 

pumps, valves, and other equipment in gasoline service. 

• This regulation demonstrates the EPA's commitment to making 

pollution prevention an integral part of regulatory actions 

whenever possible; the control requirements outlined in the 

rule are based mostly on pollution prevention options 

instead of end of pipe controls. 

WHAT ARE THE HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS? 

• The regulation will reduce emissions of about 10 air toxics, 

including benzene and toluene, that are found in gasoline 

vapor by 2,300 tons annually. Air toxics emissions are 

harmful to public health and the environment. 

• The rule will also reduce emissions of volatile organic 

compounds (VOC's) by over 38,000 tons annually. The VOC 

emissions contribute significantly to ground-level ozone or 

smog. 

• The rule will result in energy savings of 10 million gallons 

of gasoline per year from collecting or preventing gasoline 

evaporation. 
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WHY IS THE EPA REGULATING GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION FACILITIES? 

• Under the Clean Air Act (Act), the EPA is required to 

regulate emissions of 189 listed hazardous air pollutants or 

air toxics. On July 16, 1992, the EPA published a list of 

source categories that emit one or more of these air toxics. 

For listed categories of "major" sources (those that emit 10 

tons/year or more of a listed pollutant or 25 tons or more 

of a combination of pollutants), the Act requires the EPA to 

develop standards that will require the application of 

maximum achievable control technology. 

• On July 16, 1992, the EPA published a list of industry 

groups (known as "source categories") to be regulated, which 

included major sources of gasoline distribution facilities. 

WHO WILL BE AFFECTED BY THE FINAL RULE? 

• There are approximately 240 gasoline bulk terminals and 20 

pipeline breakout stations that will be affected by this 

regulation. 

• Bulk gasoline terminals and pipeline breakout stations that 

are major sources of hazardous air pollutants or are located 

at plant sites that are major sources of hazardous air 

pollutants are the only sources covered by this rule. 

Smaller or "area" sources (those that emit air toxics below 

the threshold set for major sources), such as service 

stations and bulk plants, will be addressed in subsequent 

documents. 

WHAT DOES THE FINAL STANDARD REQUIRE? 

• The control strategy for this standard is based on pollution 

prevention measures. Emissions of air toxics are prevented 

by improving seals on storage tanks and performing leak 

detection and repair of vapor and liquid leaks from 

equipment used to transfer gasoline. Also, vapor processors 

are used to collect and treat or recover vapors displaced 

during cargo tank loading operations. 

• Existing State and local regulations control sources of 

gasoline distribution facilities in areas not attaining the 

national ambient air quality standards for ozone. There are 

additional existing federal new source performance standards 

for some of these sources. The final rule supplements and 

strengthens certain existing levels of control in ozone 

non-attainment areas and expands the controls nationwide. 

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Loading of Cargo Tanks 

• The standard requires cargo tank (tank trucks and railcar) 

loading rack emissions at both new and existing facilities 

be collected and processed to limit emissions to no more 

than 10 milligrams total organic compound per liter 

(mg TOC/liter) of gasoline loaded. 

• Cargo tanks that load at both new and existing bulk gasoline 

terminals are required to test for and repair all leaks 

annually, and are subject to year-round standards and test 

procedures. 

Gasoline Storage Tanks 

• The final standard for new and existing facilities requires 

floating-roof gasoline storage tanks to be equipped with 

specified types of primary and secondary rim seals. In 

addition, fixed-roof storage tanks must be equipped with 

internal floating roofs with specified types of primary 

seals. Installation of gaskets on floating roof fittings are 

required on all new tanks and when installing the specified 

rim seals on existing internal floating roof tanks. 

Leaks from Equipment 

• Leaks from equipment - such as pumps, valves, and 

connectors, must be controlled by adopting a monthly visual 

equipment leak detection and repair program. 

WHAT COMPLIANCE MONITORING IS REQUIRED? 

Vapor Processors 

• The standard requires an initial performance test followed 

by continuous monitoring of specified operating parameters. 

The value of the monitoring parameter is to be established 

based on data collected during the performance test. 

Storage Tanks 

• Inspections of storage tank seal conditions and operations 

are required under the final standard. The frequency of 

inspection is specified for each tank and seal type (varies 

from annual to every five years, or when the tank is filled 

or cleaned). 

Cargo Tanks 
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• The final standard requires biweekly inspection of terminal 

records to ensure that cargo tank loading at the terminal 

has passed the required annual leak-tightness test. Cargo 

tanks are also subject to year-round pressure standards and 

test procedures. 

Equipment Leaks 

• The standard requires monthly visual inspection and a record 

of all leaks that are identified and repaired. 

HOW MUCH WILL THE FINAL STANDARD COST? 

•. The one-time capital cost of the rule is estimated to be 

$117 million. The annualized cost of the rule is projected 

to be $16 million. 

FOR MORE INFORMATION... 

Anyone with a computer and a modem can download the rule 

from the Clean Air Act board of the EPA's electronic Technology 

Transfer Network bulletin board by calling (919) 541-5742. For 

further information about how to access the board, call (919) 

541-5384. For further information about the rule, contact 

Stephen Shedd at (919) 541-5397. 

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