i

The NOAA Small Boat

Standards and Procedures Manual

4th Edition

July 14, 2017
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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This page intentionally left blank.
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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ISSUANCE MEMO
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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RECORD OF CHANGES

4th Edition

SECTION DETAIL

All Renumbered sections and page numbers, revised content and references to 

appropriate sections and updated appendices

1 • Outlined three categories of small boat ownership & operation

2 • Remove passenger definition

• Added VPC roles and responsibilities

• Elaborated VOC roles and responsibilities

3 • Added minimum age and requirements

• Added foreign nationals and controlled technologies

• Added Sexual Harassment definition

• Added medical and fitness considerations

• Added waivers

4 • Added definitions of Active and Inactive small boats

5 • Changed how risk assessment is accomplished (Baseline, Mission and GAR)

6 • 3 year refresher for PQS

• Crewmember PQS requirements and documentation based on size

• Added advanced and continuing education

7 • Added watch standing requirements to this section

8 • New POC notification prior to departure

• Overdue notification workflow changed 

9 New Section - STABILITY, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 

CONSIDERATIONS

10 New Section - LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT AND SMALL BOAT 

EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS

11 New Section - EMERGENCY READINESS

12 • Added process for pre-acquisition

13 • Shifted prescriptive - visual identification general guidance

• Allow different colors
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14 • 45 day window extended to A,I, II 

• Added authorized deviations

15 • Environmental compliance new requirements

16 New Section - MAINTENANCE PLAN

17 • New tables for accident and damage reporting

18 New Section - WEIGHT LIFTING EQUIPMENT CERTIFICATION AND 

MAINTENANCE

19 • Added rigging log
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ACRONYMS

AA: Assistant Administrator

AED: Automatic External Defibrillators

ASBE: Annual Small Boat Evaluation

COTR: Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative

CPR: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 

GAR: Green-Amber-Red

LO: Line Office

LOSBO: Line Office Small Boat Officer

MOCC: Motorboat Operators Certification course

NAO: NOAA Administrative Order

NOAA: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

OEM: Original Equipment Manuals

OIC: Operator-in-Charge / Officer-In-Charge

OMAO: Office of Marine and Aviation Operations

OOD: Officer of the Deck

ORM: Operational Risk Management

OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration

PQS: Personnel Qualification Standards

SBEX: Small Boat Examination

SBO: Small Boat Operator

SBOM: Small Boat Operations Manual

SBP: Small Boat Program

SBPM: Small Boat Program Manager

SBSB: Small Boat Safety Board

SBSP: Small Boat Supplemental Policies

SBSPM: Small Boat Standard and Procedures Manual

SECD: Safety & Environmental Compliance Division

SRV: Small Research Vessel

USCG: United States Coast Guard

VIM: Vessel Inventory Management

VOC: Vessel Operations Coordinator

VPC: Vessel Program Coordinator

WLL: Working Load Limit

XO: Executive Officer
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NOAA SMALL BOAT STANDARDS AND PROCEDURES MANUAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ISSUANCE MEMO .......................................................................................................................... iii

RECORD OF CHANGES ................................................................................................................. iv

ACRONYMS..................................................................................................................................... vi

SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1

.01 Purpose.................................................................................................................................... 1

.02 Scope....................................................................................................................................... 1

.03 Manual Review and Distribution ............................................................................................1

SECTION 2 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ..........................................................................3

.01 Programmatic Roles and Responsibilities...............................................................................3

.02 Operational Roles and Responsibilities ..................................................................................4

SECTION 3 GENERAL POLICIES ............................................................................................... 9

.01 Applicable Policies ................................................................................................................. 9

.02 Command Designation............................................................................................................ 9

.03 Personnel Authorized to Operate NOAA Small Boats.........................................................10

.04 Minimum Age Requirements................................................................................................10

.05 Foreign Nationals and Controlled Technologies ..................................................................10

.06 Seamanship and Personal Conduct .......................................................................................10

.07 Harassment, Sexual Harassment, and Related Offenses.......................................................10

.08 Smoking Restrictions............................................................................................................11

.09 Alcohol, Drugs, Narcotics.....................................................................................................12

.10 Medical and Fitness Considerations .....................................................................................12

.11 Deviations from the Manual .................................................................................................13

.12 Waivers................................................................................................................................. 13

SECTION 4 CLASSIFICATIONS AND STATUS ......................................................................14

.01 Small Boat Categories...........................................................................................................14

.02 Small Boat Status.................................................................................................................. 14

SECTION 5 PROCEDURES FOR RISK ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT..........................15

.01 Key Principals of Risk Management ....................................................................................15

.02 Process for Managing Risk ...................................................................................................15

.03 Risk Elimination and Mitigation...........................................................................................18
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.04 Reassessment ........................................................................................................................ 18

SECTION 6 OPERATOR QUALIFICATION, EVALUATION AND DESINGATION............19

.01 Operator Credentials and Training Requirements Overview................................................19

.02 Operator Credentials and Training Requirements Information ............................................19

.03 Crewmember Training Information......................................................................................21

.04 Documentation...................................................................................................................... 21

.05 Delinquency .......................................................................................................................... 21

.06 Advanced and Continuing Education ...................................................................................22

SECTION 7 SAFE MANNING AND WATCH STANDING REQUIREMENTS ......................23

.01 Succession to Command .......................................................................................................23

.02 Minimum Safe Manning Levels ...........................................................................................23

.03 Dive Operations Manning Requirements..............................................................................24

.04 Solo Operations Requirements .............................................................................................24

.05 Watch Standing Requirements..............................................................................................24

SECTION 8 MISSION PLANNING REQUIREMENTS.............................................................26

.01 Float Plan .............................................................................................................................. 26

.02 Small Boat and Equipment Inspections................................................................................27

.03 Start-Up Checklist................................................................................................................. 27

.04 Mission and Safety Orientation Briefing ..............................................................................27

.05 Underway Requirements.......................................................................................................28

.06 Float Plan Updates................................................................................................................ 29

.07 Post Mission Requirements...................................................................................................29

.08 Procedures for Overdue boats...............................................................................................29

.09 Documentation...................................................................................................................... 30

SECTION 9 STABILITY, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS ................31

.01 Construction and Stability Criteria for Designated Operating Areas....................................31

.02 General Operating Area Definitions.....................................................................................31

.03 Exceptions and Special Operating Area Designations..........................................................31

.04 Small Boat Stability and Construction Considerations.........................................................32

.05 General Stability Requirements............................................................................................32

.06 Mission Stability Requirements............................................................................................33

.07 Special Case Class I and II Mission Stability Requirements................................................34
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.08 Small Boat Acquisition Criteria............................................................................................35

.09 Modifications of Small Boats ...............................................................................................35

SECTION 10 LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT AND SMALL BOAT EQUIPMENT 

REQUIREMENTS................................................................................................................................ 37

.01 Determine Carriage requirement...........................................................................................37

.02 Guidance for Personal Flotation Devices and Immersion Suits...........................................46

.03 Inflatable Life Rafts (ILR) and Inflatable Buoyant Apparatus (IBA)...................................48

.04 Emergency Radio Beacon.....................................................................................................49

.05 Ring Life Buoy and Water Light Considerations .................................................................49

.06 Fixed Fire Extinguishing Systems ........................................................................................50

.07 Personal Protective Equipment and Clothing .......................................................................51

SECTION 11 EMERGENCY READINESS...................................................................................52

.01 Responsibility ....................................................................................................................... 52

.02 Emergency Response Plan Requirements.............................................................................52

.03 Response Training and Emergency Procedures....................................................................53

.04 Pre-mission Brief – Orientation ............................................................................................53

.05 Emergency Exercises and Drills...........................................................................................54

SECTION 12 ACQUISITIONS, ALTERATIONS AND DISPOSAL ...........................................57

.01 Acquisition of New, Used, Surplus or Transferred Small Boat............................................57

.02 Considerations for Alterations and Modifications................................................................58

.03 Disposal of Small Boats........................................................................................................59

SECTION 13 VISUAL IDENTIFICATION AND REGISTRATION ...........................................60

.01 Responsibility ....................................................................................................................... 60

.02 NOAA Hull-Registration Numbers and Trailer License Plates Registration .......................60

.03 Visual Identification Scheme................................................................................................61

.04 Examples of Small Boat Visual Identifications....................................................................62

.05 Flags...................................................................................................................................... 65

.06 Exemptions ........................................................................................................................... 65

SECTION 14 INSPECTION REQUIRMENTS..............................................................................67

.01 Responsibility ....................................................................................................................... 67

.02 Examination Procedures for Class A, Class I and Class II boats and boat trailers...............67

.03 Inspection Procedures for Class III and SRVs......................................................................68
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.04 Delinquent Examination and Inspections .............................................................................72

SECTION 15 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ..................................................................................73

.01 Environmental Compliance ..................................................................................................73

.02 Pollution Prevention Control ................................................................................................74

.03 Marine Sanitation Devices (MSD)........................................................................................74

.04 Vessel General Permits.........................................................................................................75

SECTION 16 MAINTENANCE PLAN..........................................................................................76

.01 Maintenance Plan Elements..................................................................................................76

.02 Responsibilities..................................................................................................................... 77

.03 SBP Support for Small Boat Maintenance............................................................................77

SECTION 17 ACCIDENT AND DAMAGE REPORTING...........................................................78

.01 Definitions ............................................................................................................................ 78

.02 Reporting Responsibilities....................................................................................................78

.03 Notification Chain and Timelines.........................................................................................79

.04 Investigation Authority .........................................................................................................81

.05 SBSB Review ....................................................................................................................... 81

SECTION 18 WEIGHT LIFTING EQUIPMENT CERTIFICATION AND MAINTENANCE ...82

.01 Applicability ......................................................................................................................... 82

.02 Definitions ............................................................................................................................ 82

.03 Boom, Crane, Davit, Frame, and Winches Inspections ........................................................83

.04 Overhauls.............................................................................................................................. 86

.05 New or Altered Structures and equipment............................................................................86

.06 Safety .................................................................................................................................... 86

SECTION 19 RIGGING AND PROOF TESTING.........................................................................88

.01 Identification and Traceability..............................................................................................88

.02 Inspection.............................................................................................................................. 88

.03 System Review and Risk Management.................................................................................89

Appendix A: NAO 209-125: NOAA SMALL BOAT SAFETY PROGRAM.....................................93

Appendix B: SMALL BOAT SAFETY BOARD CHARTER...........................................................100
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SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION

.01 Purpose

This Manual incorporates the required provisions defined by NOAA Administrative 

Order (NAO) 209-125. All NOAA small boat operators, employees, and contractors 

involved in small boat operations are required to read the Small Boat Standards and 

Procedures Manual (the Manual) and operate small boats per the provisions of this 

Manual. The standards and procedures in this Manual are the minimum requirements 

that must be met; they may be exceeded but not diminished. 

For the purposes of the Manual, “small boats” are defined as boats less than 300 

Gross Tons (GT). The Manual provides policy and guidance to enhance safety and 

promote operational readiness by implementing general operating standards and 

procedures for all NOAA small boats. It is intended to supplement best management 

practices and risk management principles.

.02 Scope

The contents of this Manual apply to the following:

• Small boats owned and operated by NOAA.

• Small boats owned by NOAA, and operated by other entities.

• NOAA Employees chartering private small boats with no crew provided and not 

owned by NOAA: Small boats must meet all Federal, State, and local regulations 

as applicable to the small boat and operation. NOAA personnel must comply with 

the lifesaving requirements outlined in Section 10 in this Manual to include 

Personal Flotation Device’s (PFD’s), communication, distress signals, and first 

aid equipment. This may require NOAA personnel to bring this equipment if not 

provided by the small boat. NOAA Personnel operating these small boats must 

follow the requirements in Section 05, 06, 07, and 08 of this Manual.

• NOAA Employees operating other government agency small boats: Small boats 

must meet the host agency’s regulations and operations under a prearranged and 

defined agreement. The agreement must state equipment carriage, operational 

parameters, and maintenance responsibilities. Operations and equipment carriage 

must meet or exceed NOAA’s requirements outlined in this Manual. NOAA 

Personnel operating these small boats must requirements in Section 05, 06, 07, 

and 08 of this Manual.

.03 Manual Review and Distribution

The Small Boat Safety Board (SBSB) is responsible for reviewing the Manual 

annually. The small boat community is encouraged to review the Manual annually, 
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and propose written changes to their Line Office Small Boat Officer (LOSBO). The 

LOSBO will elevate any proposed changes to the SBSB.

Changes to the Manual are approved by the SBSB, then sent to the Director, Office of 

Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO) for concurrence. Once approved, the Small 

Boat Program Manager (SBPM) will work in conjunction with the LOSBO’s to 

promulgate the most current edition.

Revisions to the current edition of the Manual will be implemented via the issuance of 

either technical directives or a new edition of the Manual, as required. A current 

version of the Manual is available on the Small Boat Program (SBP) website. All 

Operators are responsible for ensuring that a current version of the Manual is 

accessible. 
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SECTION 2 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Chart 1. NOAA SBP Function Organization Chart

.01 Programmatic Roles and Responsibilities

The Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO) has administrative authority 

over NOAA’s Small Boat Safety Program. This authority is established in the 

Departmental Organization Order 25.2.

a) Director, OMAO

The Director, OMAO is the individual within OMAO charged with administering 

the Small Boat Safety Program, per the NAO 209-125. The Director, OMAO, is 

the final administrative authority for all matters pertaining to the NOAA Small

Boat Safety Program and its policies, procedures, and standards.

b) SBP

The SBP consists of the SBSB, the SBP Office, and the small boat community.

The responsibilities of the SBSB are outlined in the NOAA Small Boat Safety 

Board Charter (appendix B). The Safety Board advises the Director, OMAO on all 

policies pertaining to NOAA small boat safety and management. 
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The Program Office works in conjunction with the Safety Board to create safety 

and management policies for NOAA small boats. The Program Office supports all 

small boat inspections. The Program Office is comprised of:

• SBP Manager is appointed by the Director, OMAO under the Safety 

Environmental Compliance Division (SECD) of OMAO. The Manager is 

the focal point for the Program Office, and is a voting member on the 

Safety Board.

• SBP Executive Officer is the administrative focal point for the Program 

Office.

• SBP Inspection Coordinator is responsible for coordinating, scheduling, 

and conducting boat inspections of Class III boats and Small Research 

Vessel (SRVs) and can perform Annual Small Boat Evaluations and Small 

Boat Examinations for Class I and II boats as requested by operating units; 

maintaining SBP files for inspections and status.

• SBP Engineering Coordinator is responsible for reviewing and providing 

engineering and technical guidance for boat alterations and repairs; 

maintaining SBP files for small boat alterations and repairs; reviewing and 

assisting Vessel Operations Coordinators with contracted repairs and 

maintenance specifications.

c) Program Directors 

The Program Directors (i.e. Science Center Directors, Lab Directors, Sanctuary 

Superintendents, Director of Law Enforcement), or the responsible management 

position for each Vessel Operations Coordinator ensure implementation of, and 

compliance with, all policies for the safe use and management of small boats 

within a Program. Each program director must delegate, in writing, operational 

authority to a Vessel Operations Coordinator.

.02 Operational Roles and Responsibilities

a) Line Office Assistant Administrator

Each Line Office Assistant Administrator (AA) or Deputy AA is charged with 

ensuring all small boat operations within their Line Office comply with 

established safety and management policies. Each Line Office AA will appoint a 

LOSBO to oversee small boat operations within the respective Line Office. The 

LOSBO will also serve as a voting member on the SBSB.

b) Line Office Small Boat Officer 

The LOSBO represents individual programs, as well as the Line Office as a 

whole. The LOSBO provides oversight and assistance to Line Office Programs to 

carry out safe and effective small boat operations, and coordinates Line Office 

compliance with NAO 209-125, as well as the requirements as set by this Manual 

and Supplemental Small Boat Policy. The LOSBO has authority from their
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corresponding Director or AA to issue “No Sail” orders to all boats within his/her 

purview, operating out of compliance with NAO 209-125, this Manual or any 

Supplemental Small Boat Policies.

c) Vessel Program Coordinator (VPC)

The VPC is identified by the LOSBO, and approved by the Program Director. The 

VPC assists LOSBO with communication and implementation of policies and 

requirements; reports issues up to the LOSBO; and provides assistance as needed 

by the LOSBO.

d) Vessel Operations Coordinator (VOC)

The VOC are appointed by their respective Program Directors. The authority of 

the VOC is derived from the Program Director. The role of VOC may be filled by 

a Federal employee or a contractor. All VOC’s have operational authority over the 

small boats assigned to their rosters, and ensure all operations adhere to the safety 

and management policies laid out in this Manual. A VOC has the authority to 

issue “No Sail” orders to a boat found to be non-compliant to the Manual. 

A VOC’s Programmatic Responsibilities include:

• Ensuring accurate data is entered into Vessel Inventory Management

database for each small boat under their authority

• Tracking and report operational metrics

• Attending VOC Summits and associated training 

• Reporting accidents, incidents and near misses to proper authority

A VOC’s Administrative Responsibilities include:

• Maintaining copies of training certificates for the SBO’s and 

Crewmembers using the VOC’s small boats

• Maintaining copies of certification letters for the SBO and Crewmembers 

using the VOC’s small boats

• Ensuring Small Boat Operator (SBO) and crewmember meet certification 

currency 

• Scheduling continuing education opportunities for SBO and Crewmembers 

• Developing, conducting, and documenting appropriate drills specific for 

individual boat operations

• Annually reviewing, updating, and approving each small boat’s Baseline

Risk Assessment

• Conduct Risk Assessment to review and approve new operations, 

platforms, and proposed personnel

• Verifying proper Float Plan usage

• Tracking active Float Plans

• Maintaining a record of completed Float Plans (3 years retention 

requirement)

A VOC’s Administrative Authorities include:
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• Developing Personal Qualifications Standards for each small boat 

• Certifying that Officer In Charge (OIC) and SBO’s pass Personal 

Qualification Standards evaluation

• Removing delinquent operators from the active list

• Revoking an OIC’s qualification, even if the OIC was certified by a 

previous VOC

• Requiring additional training for an OIC, even if the OIC was certified by 

a previous VOC

• Elevating unresolved boat/operational issues to the VPC, then LOSBO and 

finally SBSB 

A VOC’s Responsibilities for Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection include:

• Scheduling required inspections 

• Reporting inspection results to SBP Office, LOSBO, and others as directed 

by local policy 

• Documenting completion of required preventative and corrective 

maintenance to small boats

• Coordinating with designated Contracting Officer Technical 

Representative or SBP Engineering Coordinator for boat contracted 

construction, repairs, or maintenance as required

• Documenting equipment malfunctions, and corrective actions taken

A VOC’s Authority over Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection include:

• Stopping any small boat operation due to safety or weather concerns

• Taking boats out of service (inactive(Section 4.02)) due to required repairs 

or condition concerns

• Issuing Category I safety deficiencies

• Approving approve corrective measures taken to fix Category I 

deficiencies

• Ensure all small boat modifications comply with guidelines in Section 9 of 

this Manual

• Conduct risk assessment for development of a requirements document for 

procurement/acquisition of newly acquired boats (i.e. be actively involved 

in new purchases or acquiring excessed small boats)

e) Operator-in-Charge 

An OIC is a singular designation of authority and responsibility, as directed by the 

VOC. The OIC is responsible for the safe operation of a small boat and all 

embarked personnel while underway. The OIC is responsible for conducting

operational risk assessments (Green-Amber-Red (GAR) model) and safety 

briefings, instituting mitigation, and monitoring changing conditions. The OIC has 

authority and responsibility to modify or cancel operations based on changing risk 

assessments. When two or more small boat operators are on board, the OIC retains 

the ultimate responsibility. The OIC will be clearly identified to all embarked 

personnel.
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f) Small Boat Operator

A SBO is a qualification based on demonstrated skills and documented training. 

An SBO must meet all requirements for certification and be designated per this 

Manual. The SBO assists with the oversight of all personnel aboard, and helps to 

ensure that operations are conducted safely and efficiently, per the Manual, 

Program, and VOC instructions.

For planning dive operations, the SBO and Divemaster must assess environmental 

conditions including current speed and direction, sea state and weather predictions 

to decide whether or not diving can be safely initiated. The SBO must confer with 

the Divemaster and asks if all the dive checklists have been completed.

During dive operations, the SBO must concur with the Divemaster on the 

commencement of diving operations and can terminate diving due to weather, 

small boat related operational problems, or any other factors that may jeopardize 

the safety of the operation.

g) Shoreside Point of Contact

The Shoreside Point of Contact (POC) is responsible for maintaining and 

monitoring active Float Plans within their Line Office Program. The POC must be 

available by phone or radio throughout the duration of the mission. The POC must 

take action if a small boat is overdue.

h) Crewmember

Crewmember are persons required to be engaged in the safe operation of the small 

boat, including (but not limited to) navigation and maintenance of the small boat, 

its machinery, systems, and arrangements essential for propulsion and safe 

navigation or to provide services for other persons on board. Crewmembers must 

participate in the required drills referenced in Section 11 of this Manual. 

Additional crewmembers are required onboard during longer, more complex 

voyages, and/or those voyages requiring the carriage of a large number of people, 

as defined in Section 07 of this Manual. Crewmembers report directly to the OIC 

or SBO currently on watch. Crewmembers may also participate in mission 

activities, as long as crew duties are prioritized.

i) Persons in Addition to Crewmembers

Persons in addition to crewmembers are any person on board the small boat who 

are not required to be engaged in the safe operation of the small boat. Persons in 

addition to crew include scientific researchers, persons in support of the mission, 

interns, or other personnel on board to participate directly in the planned scientific 

operations. This may include individuals whose presence heightens the public’s 

awareness of the mission of NOAA such as outreach groups, NOAA stakeholders, 

members of the media, educators, students, or personnel engaged in the repair or 
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servicing of the small boat. All persons in addition to crew must comply with this 

Manual and follow the instructions and guidance of the OIC, SBOs, and 

Crewmembers.
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SECTION 3 GENERAL POLICIES

All NOAA small boats must be used only for official government purposes.

.01 Applicable Policies

The operational requirements of NOAA small boats are governed by:

• NAO 209-125 

• The Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual 

• Supplemental Small Boat Policies (as applicable) 

• Small Boat Operations Manual (SBOM)

• Baseline and Mission Risk Assessment 

• Applicable United States Coast Guard (USCG) and federal regulations

• Applicable federal and state environmental regulations

Supplemental Small Boat Policies:

Line Offices and their subordinate programs may issue policies and procedures 

relating to small boat safety and small boat operations in addition to the standards and 

procedures set in this Manual. A Supplemental Small Boat Policy cannot diminish the 

requirements of this Manual.

Small Boat Operations Manual:

A boat- specific operation manual is required for each small boat. The SBOM is a 

compilation of instructions, operational and stability limitations, procedures, 

regulations, and guidelines derived from the particulars of each small boat, the 

Baseline risk assessment, and the Mission Based risk assessment. A template 

outlining the minimum topics to be included in a SBOM can be found on the SBP 

website. A SBOM does not diminish the requirements of the Manual or any 

Supplemental Small Boat Policies. 

Risk Assessment:

VOC conducts, documents, and reviews Baseline and Mission Risk Assessments for 

each small boat under their responsibility. Boats of the same design, propulsion, 

operational and stability capabilities, and mission may be grouped together for this 

purpose. The assessment is based on an evaluation of operational risks to personnel,

small boat, environment, and mission. Guidelines for performing a risk assessment 

can be found in Section 5 of this Manual. The Baseline and Mission Risk 

Assessments are included in each SBOM.

.02 Command Designation

A Program Director is responsible for delegating authority of small boat operations to 

the VOC. The VOC is responsible for ensuring all underway operations have a 

designated OIC. The OIC has command authority over the small boat’s operation and 

all embarked personnel while underway. The OIC is also responsible for ensuring the 
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safe conduct of the mission and compliance with all SBP, Line Office, and regulatory 

policies and procedures.

.03 Personnel Authorized to Operate NOAA Small Boats

Only those personnel whose credentials meet training and certification requirements 

as per this Manual will be authorized to operate NOAA small boats. A Small Boat 

Operator Authorization form (NOAA Form 57-19-04, available on the SBP website) 

must be completed for each qualified SBO, identifying the specific operations and

small boats, or class of boats, for which that SBO is qualified. The authorization form 

must be signed and maintained on file by the VOC. Personnel-in-training for SBO or 

Crewmember designation may control the small boat under the direct supervision of 

an OIC.

.04 Minimum Age Requirements 

The minimum age requirement is 13 years old. Some small boats may not be suitable 

for the carriage of personnel due to the configuration and or small boat size. The 

small boat’s SBOM contains specific prohibitions or procedures if carrying personnel 

and specific risks identified in the baseline risk assessment. One additional adult must 

be aboard for each 6 minors. Only daytime operations are authorized. Night time or 

overnight operations are not authorized. Personnel must be included in the safety brief 

required in Section 8 of this Manual. Provide properly sized lifesaving gear for each 

person onboard. If needed, carry additional gear to meet this requirement. Do not, at 

any time, exceed the carrying capacity or minimum lifesaving gear as outlined in the 

SBOM. Adhere to liferaft capacity, PFD’s and stability limitations without exception.

.05 Foreign Nationals and Controlled Technologies

Foreign Nationals and Controlled Technology onboard small boats must comply with 

NAO 207-12 – Technology Controls and Foreign National Access. 

.06 Seamanship and Personal Conduct

OIC must conduct small boat operations in such a manner as to avoid unnecessary 

risk, based on best management practices and risk management principals. At all 

times, operations are conducted to promote a professional and positive public image. 

All SBO and Crewmembers must exercise prudent judgment at all times and take 

proper action when dictated by emergencies that endanger life or property.

.07 Harassment, Sexual Harassment, and Related Offenses

The Department of Commerce (DOC) and NOAA do not tolerate discrimination 

based on race, color, religion, sex (including sexual harassment and pregnancy 

discrimination), sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, age (40 years of 

age and over), genetic information, or disability (physical or mental), including the 

provision of reasonable accommodations for qualified applicants and employees with 
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disabilities or genetic information. Retaliation against those who initiate 

discrimination complaints, serve as witnesses, or otherwise oppose discrimination and 

harassment is strictly prohibited.

Harassment of any type is a serious issue and will not be tolerated aboard NOAA 

small boats. Unwelcome comments, gestures, physical contact, or any other behavior 

that is directed at an individual because of the individual’s membership in a protected 

class (as described above) is prohibited. 

Sexual harassment is a serious issue and will not be tolerated aboard any small boats. 

Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors and other verbal, nonverbal, 

or physical conduct of a sexual nature may constitute sexual harassment when the 

behavior is:

• Directed at a person because of his or her sex;

• Unwanted; and

• So severe or pervasive that it interferes with the terms or conditions of 

employment.

It is prohibited for any employee to use implicit or explicit coercive sexual behavior 

to control, influence, or affect the career, salary, or job of an employee.

Any unwanted touching that is sexual in nature is strictly prohibited. Non-physical 

conduct that is based on sex and unwanted is also prohibited. Sexual harassment may 

include such actions as:

• Offensive jokes, slurs, epithets, or name calling;

• Intimidation, ridicule, or mockery;

• Insults or put-downs;

• Offensive objects or pictures;

• Interference with work performance;

• Physical contact such as patting, pinching, or brushing against another’s body; 

• Physical assaults or threats; and

• Pressure (subtle or overt) for sexual activity or demands for sexual favors, 

including demands that are accompanied by implied or overt promises of 

preferential treatment or threats concerning an individual’s employment status

Space constraints in the small boat environment may result in inadvertent physical 

contact from time to time. However, purposeful physical contact directed at another 

person because of his or her sex is prohibited in the workplace. Likewise, any 

intimate physical contact is prohibited in the workplace, even where such contact is 

consensual in nature.

.08 Smoking Restrictions

Smoking may be permitted aboard small boats outfitted with weather decks that are 

physically separated from the small boat’s house, including all berthing, eating, and 
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living spaces, the pilothouse, and all machinery spaces. Smoking is allowable on 

weather decks only. 

Smoking is not permitted in the vicinity of fuel, flammable/combustible material, or 

battery storage areas and, such areas must be labeled accordingly. Smoking is not 

permitted in the vicinity of any ventilation intake ducts. Identifying designated 

smoking area(s) that are physically removed from all mission-related working areas is 

strongly recommended. Smoking is prohibited within 50 feet of all NOAA small 

boats during fueling operations.

.09 Alcohol, Drugs, Narcotics

The OIC and all Crewmembers must not operate a boat or assist with operations 

within eight hours of having consumed alcoholic beverages, narcotics, or drugs that 

may detrimentally impact cognitive or motor abilities. The consumption of these 

substances is prohibited on board small boats. With the exception of prescribed 

narcotics (see Section 3.10), any person under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or 

narcotics will not be permitted aboard the small boat.

.10 Medical and Fitness Considerations

All persons onboard a small boat must be physically and medically qualified for 

performing the duties to which they are assigned. Some factors to be considered in 

making work assignments are strength, endurance, agility, coordination, and visual 

and hearing acuity. The nature of work onboard small boats can pose significant 

safety hazards to personnel.

• At a minimum, persons must meet the physical requirements for specific job 

tasks and hazards as required by the position, the job description, applicable 

DOC regulations, applicable Manual standards, Occupational Safety and 

Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines, or applicable USCG requirements 

for those licensed mariners.

• Embarked persons with a personal health condition, allergies, or medication 

that may impact medical response and treatment must provide a health 

questionnaire form in a sealed envelope to the OIC. This information must 

remain sealed and confidential unless that individual authorizes its release, or 

is incapacitated and it is deemed relevant to treatment or first responders in 

accordance with 5 CFR 293 – Personnel Records and Privacy Act 

requirements. An example of a health questionnaire is available on the SBP 

website.

• Any person under a physician's treatment and taking prescribed narcotics or 

any medication that may prevent one being ready, willing and able to safely 

perform position duties must provide a medical clearance statement from a 

physician to their supervisor.

• The supervisor must notify the OIC, if a person is not cleared for assigned 

duties onboard. 
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• While onboard, all persons must not use or be under the influence of alcohol, 

narcotics, intoxicants, or similar performance or mind-altering substances.

The OIC must assure that potential personal safety, expected environmental 

conditions, and physical requirements are evaluated and communicated through 

mission planning and be included in the GAR assessment.

.11 Deviations from the Manual

Emergency situations may warrant actions not addressed in this Manual. Emergency 

situations consist of conditions that could result in death, physical harm, property loss, 

or where environmental damage is likely, but only to the extent that the action is 

immediately necessary in order to prevent or minimize harm. Any deviations from the 

guidelines in this Manual must be reported to the respective Program Director, 

LOSBO and VOC within 24 hours.

.12 Waivers

Waivers may be requested if the standards and procedures outlined in this Manual 

cannot be met. All waivers must be routed through the SBSB. To initiate the process, 

the VOC must submit a written request for a waiver to the Program Director and 

VPC. The VPC will make any applicable comments, and submit the waiver request to 

their LOSBO. The LOSBO will elevate the waiver request to the SBSB. The SBSB 

will give their recommendations to the Director, OMAO for final approval.
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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SECTION 4 CLASSIFICATIONS AND STATUS

.01 Small Boat Categories

Small Boat Category Definition

Class A Less than 16 feet overall length

Class I 16 to less than 26 feet overall length

Class II 26 to less than 40 feet overall length

Class III 40 to 65 feet overall length

SRV Greater than 65 feet overall length but less 

than 300 gross tons

* Overall length is determined by 33 CFR 183.3 – Definitions.

.02 Small Boat Status

Small boat status is maintained as part of the Vessel Inventory Management database. 

The VOC is responsible for updating the status of a small boat.

• Active: Small boat has current Annual Small Boat Evaluation and/or Small Boat 

Examination, or is within the grace period.

• Inactive:

• The small boat has been taken out of service OR

• The small boat has an expired Annual Small Boat Evaluation and/or Small 

Boat Examination
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SECTION 5 PROCEDURES FOR RISK ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT

The goal of operational risk management (ORM) is to eliminate incidents and minimize risk 

so that missions can be fulfilled with the minimum amount of exposure to potential harm or 

loss. The first priority of conducting a risk assessment is to identify factors or conditions that 

could pose a threat to the safety of personnel and equipment involved in executing a mission. 

It is also applied to mission success and quality. In order to minimize incidents and mission 

failures, personnel must be cognizant of the inherent risk of any evolution, ensure all 

personnel and equipment are properly prepared, and mitigate or eliminate any risks that are 

found to be unacceptable.

.01 Key Principals of Risk Management

• Do not accept unnecessary risk. Taking unnecessary risks not related to successful 

mission completion is unacceptable. 

• Make risk decisions at the appropriate level. Risk-based decisions are made 

directly by the person in charge of an operation. Prudence, experience, judgment, 

intuition, and situational awareness of the person in charge of an operation are 

critical elements in making effective risk management decisions. 

• All persons involved have the responsibility to report, to the person in charge, any 

identified risk associated with the operation and mission.

• Anticipate and manage risk by planning. Risks can be mitigated or eliminated 

when they are identified early. Integrate risk management into all operations and 

at every level of planning. Involve personnel who will be performing these duties 

or tasks.

.02 Process for Managing Risk

The SBP requires that ORM be conducted using a specific process and tools. This 

process includes detecting hazards, assessing risks, mitigating or eliminating any risks 

that are found to be unacceptable, and maintaining situational awareness as risks 

change throughout an evolution.

Due to the diversity and complexity of most small boat operations, the risk 

management process is best implemented by a stepped approach to evaluate 

components of small boat, mission and environmental conditions. 

● The small boat and components of operational personnel, systems, material 

condition and capabilities are reviewed annually in a Baseline assessment. 

● The measures of success and potential hazards of a project or task, and the 

associated mission requirements, tools, gear and personnel are considered in a 

Mission assessment. 

● The GAR assessment is then used to evaluate and prioritize the total risks of a 

cruise plan by combining inputs from the Baseline and Mission assessments in 

the context of the on the water conditions.

This three step approach effectively combines the perspectives of boat operations and 

mission objectives to best support underway decision making. It recognizes that small 
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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boat, mission and cruise risks have different drivers and change at different time 

scales. Overall risk can be managed through these individual assessments by 

understanding the limits of small boat capabilities in relation to mission requirements,

with adjustments and mitigations for prevailing environmental conditions.

a) Baseline Assessment

Risk management is a progression and refinement of operational boundaries to 

maintain acceptable safety margins. The capabilities and limitations 

established by boat manufactures, designers or builders are often general or 

optimum values. Guidance under the SBP provides further restrictions to the 

range and use of the small boat according to Class and operating area. The 

details unique to specific NOAA operations, small boat particulars, and 

firsthand operator experience must also be considered. A critique of these 

operational limits and concerns are captured in the Baseline Assessment

 

The Baseline Assessment is a tool to communicate practical limitations of the 

boat. This process refines the broad capabilities of a boat to better support 

operational decision making and reflect existing onboard conditions. Because 

material condition and the status of installed systems change over time, 

Baseline Assessments must be updated annually to reflect equipment age, 

installation and familiarity of new systems, changing crew skills sets and 

refinement of standard operating procedures.

Starting with the boat design characteristics, systems inventory and the 

requirements of this Manual, further refinements and constraints are 

established based upon prudent and responsible operation. This should be a 

team effort including operators that have firsthand knowledge of the boat and 

an understanding of underway operations. The format, narrative or table, can 

be tailored to best communicate limitations based on the boat and system 

complexity. Small boat characteristics, resources and capacity information, as 

well as the GAR risk categories can be used as an assessment framework. 

Examples of Baseline Assessments can be found on the SBP website.

Baseline considerations are critical to effective project and mission planning. 

This comprehensive evaluation communicates the unique aspects of the boat 

and systems, instrumentation, skills of the operator and crew, range, lift 

capacities, handling characteristics, and the resources available for embarked 

personnel.

The output from this exercise helps define and narrow the range of acceptable 

risk in each of the GAR categories. For example, the GAR category for 

weather, without refinement, would have a range from calm to gale force. The 

Baseline Assessment might establish 2-3 foot waves as the maximum 

acceptable operating condition, resulting in an acceptable GAR weather range 

of calm to 3 foot waves.
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The Baseline Assessment must be included in the SBOM and reviewed 

annually by the VOC.

b) Mission Based Risk Assessments

The Mission Risk Assessment considers the risks associated with mission 

equipment, operations, and personnel. Effective Mission Based Risk 

Assessments should be accomplished through a cooperative effort, including 

mission subject matter experts, along with field and small boat personnel. This 

review encompasses the measures of mission success, quality, critical 

elements, operating parameters, risks and limitations of a particular mission. 

It communicates requirements such as; expectations for small boat 

infrastructure, speed and position control, deck space, lifting, cruise duration 

and operating area. 

Mission Based Risk Assessments can help with the selection of a boat for a 

particular mission by articulating what resources and capabilities are limiting 

or critical. Boats in the same Class, configured and outfitted differently, may 

provide different safety and mission success margins. Once the boat is 

selected, the mission risks identified will better define aspects of that boat that 

will have an elevated risk or narrowed operating margin. Examples of Mission 

Based Assessments can be found on the SBP website.

The findings from this exercise further define and narrow the range of 

acceptable risk, from a science perspective, in each of the GAR categories. For 

example, the GAR category for weather on a particular boat might have a 

maximum Baseline limit of 3 foot waves, but mission success could limit 

operation to 2 foot waves, resulting in an acceptable GAR weather range of 

calm to 2 foot waves.

Findings of the Mission Based Risk Assessment must be communicated to all 

personnel involved in the mission to provide focus on key cruise elements. 

Changes in the scope, content, or operational area may warrant reevaluation of 

the Mission Risk Assessment.

c) GAR Assessment

The GAR must consider all elements of both the Baseline and Mission Risk 

Assessments in the context of predicted weather, team selection and the status 

of all resources. The GAR Assessment is a tool to help identify probable risks 

that may pose a threat during a specific mission or evolution. It is effective in 

communicating priorities to focus the entire cruise team on critical parameters. 

The GAR Assessment must be completed and communicated prior to getting 

underway. In all cases, the GAR should be updated to reflect changes in the 

environment, mission, equipment, or personnel. The GAR form can be found 

on the SBP website.
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To conduct a GAR Assessment, the OIC must:

• Ensure all mission personnel are involved in the GAR process

• Refer to the limitations identified in the Baseline Assessment; 

• Refer to the hazards and limitations identified in the Mission Based Risk 

Assessment;

• Evaluate any increase in risk to equipment or personnel based on current 

conditions; 

Risk Acceptance Authority

• Mitigating factors must be documented for any GAR category identified ≥ 7

• If the risk remains elevated ≥ 7 despite mitigation, or mitigation cannot be 

identified, the OIC must notify the VOC (or the next higher level of authority)

• A cumulative GAR score ≥ 45 (or a predetermined score, as determined by the 

VOC) despite mitigation requires the OIC to alert the VOC (or the next higher 

level of authority)

.03 Risk Elimination and Mitigation

Elimination and mitigation can be identified at all levels of ORM. The elimination of 

risk is the ideal.

Mitigation steps (in order of priority):

1. Substitution – using different small boats, equipment, personnel, etc. to reduce 

risk

2. Engineering Controls – use mechanical protection and isolation

3. Administrative Controls – training, reducing exposure times, changing 

mission timeline, etc.

4. Personal Protective Equipment

.04 Reassessment

An important element to NOAA’s approach to ORM is to continually evaluate 

changes to the initial risk assessments. Significant changes to the small boat, mission, 

or environment warrant a reassessment of hazards and associated risk.
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SECTION 6 OPERATOR QUALIFICATION, EVALUATION AND DESINGATION

This section establishes standards and provides guidance for the evaluation, qualification, and 

designation of personnel involved in the operation of small boats. Each VOC ensures that 

personnel are trained to achieve the stated qualifications and maintain the level of proficiency 

and currency necessary to safely and effectively accomplish their assigned duties. The 

requirements described in this Manual are regarded as the minimum standard of personnel 

qualification.

.01 Operator Credentials and Training Requirements Overview

Class A, I, and II Boat Operators:

• USCG Auxiliary (USCGA) Boating Skills and Seamanship or Equivalent 

(Section .02)

• NOAA Component Course 

• Personal Qualification Standards 

• First Aid, CPR, AED Training 

• Program-specific training

Class III and SRV Boat Operators:

• Current appropriate USCG License or active Uniformed Service Officer of 

the Deck

• NOAA Component Course 

• Personnel Qualification Standard

• First Aid, CPR, AED Training

• Program-specific training

.02 Operator Credentials and Training Requirements Information

a) Operator and Seamanship Courses

The minimum standard is USCGA Boating Skills and Seamanship. Any 

equivalent course must cover all of the significant topics of the USCGA Boating 

Skills and Seamanship curriculum and must be, at minimum, of equivalent 

duration (approximately 24 hours dependent on location). A current list of 

approved equivalent courses can be found on the Training section of the SBP 

website.

• The SBSB has the authority to approve courses as an equivalent to the 

USCGA Boating Skills and Seamanship course. Requests for Boating 

Skills and Seamanship equivalency should be sent to LOSBO or the 

SBPM for review.

• For cases where a prospective SBO has prior training, the SBSB may 

consider this as fulfilling the USCG Auxiliary Boating Skills and 

Seamanship or equivalent requirement on a case-by-case basis.
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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• Non-Motorized Watercrafts: The VOC conducts a risk assessment to 

determine the type of hands-on training required for operators of nonmotorized watercrafts. The VOC assures that the appropriate training is 

provided. This training may be in lieu of the Boating Skills and 

Seamanship requirement for non-motorized boat operators. All other 

training requirements must be completed (i.e. NOAA component, First 

Aid/CPR, PQS).

b) NOAA Component Course

The course is managed by the SBP and updated as policies, procedures, and 

standards change. The course should include location and mission considerations. 

Sections include:

• NOAA small-boat policy, procedures, and standards

• Operational Risk Assessment

• Team Coordination

If Component Course is unavailable due to remote geography or lack of timely 

local instruction, the VOC presents the major elements of the Component Course 

with a focus on risk management (GAR assessment) and NOAA policy. The date 

the VOC conducts the overview must be recorded on the Small Boat Operator 

Authorization form. This one-time extension is valid for 6 months.

c) Personal Qualification Standards

All SBO candidates must demonstrate proficiency, as determined by the VOC, to 

be designated as a SBO. The class of boat, operating area(s), and the mission is 

taken into account when determining an appropriate level of experience.

Personal Qualification Standards evaluation must include, at minimum:

• Demonstrate knowledge of small boat characteristics, limitations, and 

equipment

• Demonstrate proficiency of small boat handling skills, based on mission 

requirements

• Demonstrate proficiency in communicating risk management

Boat Operators must successfully complete a Personal Qualification Standards 

process with their VOC (or designee) for each type of mission and for each type 

of small boat.

Template Personal Qualification Standard checklists can be found on the SBP 

website, with separate forms for Class A and Class I boats, and for Class II boats.
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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d) First Aid, CPR, AED Training 

All SBO must have current certification from industry recognized First Aid and 

CPR courses. SBO working aboard small boats with an AED onboard must have 

AED training. 

e) Program-specific Training 

If applicable, mission related, local, or program-specific training is provided (e.g.,

surf operations, dive operations, towing nets, and survey launch, ice, marine 

mammal operations).

f) Refresher Training

Personal Qualification Standard evaluation must be completed every 3 years. The 

VOC can require additional training to provide continuous education and career 

development.

.03 Crewmember Training Information

Crewmembers are required to receive small boat-specific on the job training and must 

demonstrate to their OIC knowledge of the procedures and equipment carried aboard 

the small boat(s) on which they will be employed.

Additional requirements can be found in Section 7. Template Crewmember 

Qualification Standard checklists can be found on the SBP website, with separate 

forms for Class A and class I boats, for Class II, and for Class III and SRV boats.

.04 Documentation

A current Small Boat Operator and Crewmember Authorization form (NOAA Form 

57-19-04, available on the SBP website), Personal Qualification Standard checklists, 

and copies of all training certificates must be completed for each Boat Operator and 

maintained by the VOC for each Line Office Program. 

Operator Authorization forms must be reviewed and validated annually by the VOC 

to ensure currency of certifications, training requirements, and a measure of 

proficiency. Operators are responsible for tracking their own training and currency 

requirements in conjunction with the VOC.

.05 Delinquency

If the required training and certifications are not maintained per this Manual, SBO are

considered delinquent and will be restricted from duties on their designated small 

boat(s).
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.06 Advanced and Continuing Education

Boat operators should continue to advance their boating skills and knowledge. VOCs 

should look for opportunities to provide their boat operators with advanced training 

and education. VOCs may contact the SBP for advice and support for training and 

education programs and can look at the training section of the Training section of the 

SBP website.
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SECTION 7 SAFE MANNING AND WATCH STANDING REQUIREMENTS

All small boats must be manned by qualified personnel to ensure that operations are 

conducted in a safe, efficient, and professional manner. Personnel who are on board primarily 

to support the mission may assume crew duties only if the OIC has determined that the 

individual possesses the necessary skills and qualifications before assuming those duties. In 

this case, the highest priority is assigned to the safe operation of the small boat. Small boat 

designated crewmembers may assist with the mission at the discretion of the OIC. 

All personnel are trained and qualified to perform the duties expected of them. This can 

include, but is not limited to: 

• Cranes

• A-frames

• Hydraulic units

• Anchor windlass/winches

• Davits

• Compressors

• All small boats carried aboard, and their engines

In cases that threaten loss of life or damage to property, deviations from safe manning 

regulations may be allowed, with notification to the appropriate responsible party.

.01 Succession to Command

Address Chain of Command during the pre-departure briefings. Identify an individual 

who is in charge should the OIC become incapacitated. Should the OIC become 

incapacitated, the designated individual must take the lead in maneuvering the small 

boat to safety and contacting emergency services to make necessary arrangements.

.02 Minimum Safe Manning Levels

a) Class A, Class I, and Class II Boats

All Class A, Class I, and Class II must be manned at a minimum by two people, 

one of whom must be the qualified OIC. Additional manning requirements are 

determined by the VOC, with notification to the Program Director (or designee). 

These levels are based on each small boat’s manufactures loading plate, the 

SBOM, and the Operational Risk Assessment (GAR).

Under some circumstances, a small boat may be exempt from carrying a second 

person. In these cases, operations must comply with Section 7.04 of this Manual.

b) Class III and SRVs Boats

All Class III small boats and SRVs must be manned at a minimum by one OIC 

and one crewmember. Additional manning requirements are determined by the 

VOC, with notification to the Program Director (or designee). These levels are 
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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based on the complexity of the small boat, complexity of the mission, and the 

length of the voyage.

c) Outreach Events

For outreach events, additional crewmember or person other than crew familiar 

with the boat and its emergency procedures is required for every 10 embarked 

persons aboard, in addition to the OIC and a crewmember.

When carrying minors (under 18), see Section 3.04 of this Manual

d) Length of Operational Day

When planning the length of an operational day, consider time elapsed between 

the start of the work day versus the start of operations to avoid fatigue. For 

planned operations exceeding 12 hours in duration, an additional SBO and enough 

qualified crewmembers must be onboard so that each watch is manned 

appropriately for the size and complexity of the small boat.

.03 Dive Operations Manning Requirements

When conducting dive operations from a small boat, the boat must be continuously 

manned by a qualified SBO, who must remain aboard at all times during diving 

operations. This applies both underway and at anchor. 

Requirements for dive operations must comply with the NOAA Diving Standards and 

Safety Manual.

.04 Solo Operations Requirements

Solo operations are allowed on Class A, I, and II small boats as long as the small boat 

has close support, either from ashore or from a nearby platform. Close support is 

where rescuers are immediately notified by someone other than the SBO in the event 

of an emergency. 

If solo operation without close support is necessary, a risk assessment is completed 

and mitigating factors are incorporated in the appropriate supplemental policy 

approved by the Program Director (or designee).

.05 Watch Standing Requirements

The Program Director and VOC must avoid situations that require the SBO and 

crewmembers to be on duty in excess of 12 hours in one day. Any planned operations 

exceeding 12 hours, must carry at a minimum one additional qualified SBO and one 

additional crewmember onboard. Fatigued embarked personnel impacts operational 

safety. It is strongly encouraged to structure work schedules that allow adequate rest 

for personnel and crewmembers. 
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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During multi-day missions that require personnel to be underway for greater than 12 

hours, the following applies:

• No SBO or crewmember may exceed 12 hours of duty in a 24-hour period.

• Accommodations must be provided for all SBO and crewmembers if the small 

boat is operated more than 12 hours in a 24-hour period, unless the crew is put 

ashore and the small boat is provided with a new crew. Accommodations must be 

adequate to provide for effective rest period, and the personnel capacity of the 

accommodations must be stated in the SBOM.

• All persons who are assigned as operator or crew must be provided a minimum of 

10 hours of rest in any 24-hour period; 

• The hours of rest may be divided into no more than two periods, one of which is

at least 6 hours in length.

• The requirements for rest periods in b) and c) above need not be maintained in the 

case of an emergency or other overriding operational conditions.

• Notwithstanding the provisions of b) and c) above, the minimum period of 10 

hours may be reduced to not less than 6 consecutive hours provided that any such 

reduction is not extend beyond two days and not less than 77 hours of rest are 

provided each seven-day period.

Other requirements when applicable:

• The OIC requires that watch schedules be posted where they are easily accessible.

• When required, a Crewmember may be assigned duties as a watch stander either 

when the small boat is underway or at anchor. As watch stander, the primary task 

is to stand a proper lookout, free of distractions, so that full focus can be applied 

to the environment of the small boat.
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SECTION 8 MISSION PLANNING REQUIREMENTS

Compliance with each of the following procedures is mandatory for all trips, whether planned or 

unplanned.

.01 Float Plan

The primary purpose of a float plan is to assure that there is a predefined 

responsibility and emergency response protocol for an overdue small boat. Every 

SBP must have the ability to track small boats underway and confirm their safe return. 

In addition to monitoring personnel on the water, float plans provide a valuable record 

of the small boat’s activity. These metrics help the SBP validate the role small boats 

play in carrying out NOAA’s mission. Tracking small boat operations and personnel 

involved allows the SBP and individual Line Offices to evaluate safety records and 

detect trends. Documenting time underway and the number of embarked personnel 

provides critical measures of exposure and allows for calculating accident rates.

Float plans at a minimum must have the following information:

• Small boat name and NOAA Hull Registration Number 

• Name of OIC

• Names of all persons on board, with their emergency contact information

• Departure time, date, and location

• Expected return time, date, and location (if location different from departure)

• A primary shore side Point of Contact, 

• Emergency response contact information (USCG, local emergency response 

units....) 

• General location of operational area

• Mission/Project

• The final value from the GAR

• Communication Plan

Point Of Contact Requirements:

All float plans identify a shore side POC. The shore side POC must be available by 

phone, email or radio throughout the duration of the mission. A back-up method of 

contacting the shore side POC must be included in the event the primary means of 

communication fails.

Communication Plan Requirements:

Establish a schedule of communications to report the small boat’s status to the shore 

side POC. Multi-day trips require at least one daily check-in. 

Submission Requirements:

All Float Plans must be submitted in writing or electronically, regardless of voyage 

duration. Before departure, the OIC submits the Float Plan to the VOC (or designated 
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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shore side POC). The float plan is updated when modifications to the mission, 

personnel, or boat are made. 

In situations that involve immediate danger to life, property, or natural resources, a 

Float Plan may be submitted verbally to the VOC or designee. The VOC or designee 

must put the information in writing and manage the Float Plan as required by this 

Manual.

Example Float Plans are available on the SBP website (under Daily Safety & 

Orientation Forms).

.02 Small Boat and Equipment Inspections

The OIC is responsible for checking boat conditions and safety equipment before 

departure. At a minimum, the OIC should:

• Inspects records (logs, float plans, trip reports ...) for maintenance 

discrepancies that have not been addressed;

• Ensures that all equipment identified as not operational have been corrected;

• Ensures that all required safety, survival, communication, and navigation 

equipment specified in this Manual are onboard, maintained in operational 

condition, and are tested;

• Ensures that the boat is properly fueled for the mission. Consider weather 

conditions and tides carefully at a planned destination and when calculating 

distances to alternate ports;

• Ensures all fluid levels are normal (e.g. oil, coolant, steering, etc.) and that 

adequate reserves are onboard; 

• Inspects bilges for standing water or evidence of fluid leaks;

• When applicable, ensures that the back-up motor or secondary means of 

propulsion is operational;

• When applicable, ensures the back-up or secondary means of steering is 

operational;

• Visual inspection of all lifting apparatus, and mission critical equipment.

.03 Start-Up Checklist

All small boats are required to have a written checklist of start-up procedures, specific 

to each small boat, to ensure safe operations. The OIC is responsible for completing 

the checklist. 

.04 Mission and Safety Orientation Briefing

The OIC conducts a briefing with all embarked personnel. The briefing is conducted 

far enough in advance so the crew can prepare adequately for any last-minute 

adjustments. 
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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The mission briefing should review previous mission planning and preparation, and 

include any updates. The safety briefing includes general small boat familiarity and 

the location of all safety systems and equipment carried aboard (fire extinguishers, 

life rafts, life rings, personal flotation devices, immersion suits, Emergency 

Positioning-Indicating Radio (EPIRBs), Very High Frequency radio (VHF), flares 

etc.). Embarked personnel must be briefed on procedures to follow during fire, 

abandon ship, man overboard, and other emergencies. An example template of a 

Safety Orientation Briefing checklist is available on the SBP website.

The briefing should also include potential impacts of weather such as current 

conditions, sea state and tides when applicable, trends, and forecasts for the departure 

location, proposed route, destination, and any alternate working areas. 

All personnel onboard must participate in the ORM. The ORM must be done using 

the GAR form, and must confirm that the mission, personnel, and small boat meet the 

operational parameters of the Baseline and Mission Risk Assessments. The GAR 

must also address the weather conditions discussed during the weather briefing. 

During the briefing, the OIC communicates and receives a verbal response from all 

embarked personnel that:

• The team is well rested and ready to work

• Everyone understands the mission, and is capable of performing it

• All potential risks and obstacles are mitigated 

• Identify an individual who is in charge should the OIC become 

incapacitated

The OIC has the authority and responsibility to cancel the operations if risks cannot 

be mitigated to a level that will ensure the safety of all personnel onboard, and the 

successful outcome of the mission.

.05 Underway Requirements

a) Equipment Monitoring

OICs must monitor critical systems while underway. Consider the malfunction’s 

effect on the ongoing GAR assessment, and adjust accordingly. Log all equipment 

malfunctions in the logbook (or trip report) on the day of discovery. The OIC 

reports the malfunction to the VOC on the day of discovery. The VOC ensures 

corrective actions are taken in an acceptable timeframe.

b) Weather Monitoring

Monitor weather forecasts and warnings at appropriate intervals, as well as any 

time the weather conditions appear threatening or conflict with forecasted 

conditions.
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Do not operate small boats in known or forecasted weather conditions that exceed 

small boat or personnel limitations. 

The OIC has the authority and responsibility to cancel the operations or seek 

shelter if risk cannot be mitigated to a level that will ensure the safety of all 

personnel onboard, and the successful outcome of the mission.

.06 Float Plan Updates

Float Plans must be modified to reflect changes in underway operations. The OIC 

communicates amendments to the Float Plan with the POC.

.07 Post Mission Requirements

a) Float Plan Closure

The Float Plan must be closed at the end of the trip. The OIC closes the Float Plan 

and notifies the shore side POC of arrival.

b) Shut down Procedures

All small boats are required to have a written shut down checklist. The OIC is 

responsible for completing the checklist and logging any deficiencies found.

c) Small Boat Clean-Up Procedures

Conduct a post-mission clean up and inspection after the boat has returned. Leave 

the small boat in a professional, mission ready condition.

.08 Procedures for Overdue boats

If a small boat is overdue, the Point of Contact must execute all steps below:

• Attempt to contact the small boat by satellite/cell phone or HF/VHF radio;

• Check the destination point (boat slip, launch ramp etc.) personally or ask any 

on-site personnel to check;

• Notify the appropriate VOC and Program Director of the situation. The VOC 

notifies the LOSBO (and VPC as applicable) if Search and Rescue Operations 

are initiated.

• Notify the emergency response contact of overdue boat and be prepared to 

provide Float Plan information.

• Remain available until the boat has been contacted and either returns to the 

dock or has reached an alternate safe location;
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.09 Documentation

Small boat activities, conditions and mission information must be documented to 

effectively support vessel usage metrics, track deficiencies and serve as an official 

record of actions taken to mitigate risk. The VOC must retain documentation for 3 

years.

Class A and class I small boats must retain post mission documents using either a 

float plan, or a post mission trip report, or a logbook:

• Float Plan that are also used for mission documentation must provide all the 

information in Section 8.01 of this Manual. The information listed below must be 

filled in after the mission is completed.

• Trip Reports are completed after the mission is completed, and must include all 

the information listed below.

• Logbooks for class A and class I boats may be kept ashore, and completed after 

the mission is completed

Class II, III, and SRV small boats must use a logbook to record information real-time. 

Minimum documentation includes all of the following:

• Name of OIC, SBO and embarked personnel

• Name/description of the mission

• GAR value

• Fuel level information

• Starting Engine hours (if available)

• Date and Time Departure

• Operational Area and/or Destination 

• Drills Conducted

• Problems, conditions or incidents encountered

• Actual time of arrival

• Final fuel information 

• Ending engine hours (if available)

• Document mechanical issues or discrepancies found during shutdown inspection
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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SECTION 9 STABILITY, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS

.01 Construction and Stability Criteria for Designated Operating Areas

Small boat construction and stability evaluations are essential to assure safe operation 

under prevailing conditions. NOAA uses standard definitions found in the Code of 

Federal Regulations to categorize hazards associated with operating areas and apply 

the appropriate stability requirements. Ship design and construction details are critical 

elements of mission risk assessments and seaworthiness.

All small boats have a designated operating area noted in the SBOM and operate 

within the established limitations associated with the designation.

.02 General Operating Area Definitions

A small boat’s operating area designation dictates the minimum stability and 

construction elements required. The following general definitions apply to all small 

boat classes. These definitions apply only to this Section of the Manual.

• EXPOSED: Operation in waters more than 20 nautical miles from the mouth of 

a harbor of safe refuge*. 

• PARTIALLY PROTECTED: Operation in waters less than 20 nautical miles of 

the mouth of a harbor of safe refuge, except waters determined section .03 

below.

• PROTECTED WATERS: Operation in sheltered waters presenting no special 

hazards such as most rivers, bays, harbors, lakes, except waters determined 

section .03 below.

*Harbor of safe refuge is determined by 46 CFR 175.400 – Definitions.

.03 Exceptions and Special Operating Area Designations

It is recognized that hazards presented by local, regional, and seasonal conditions 

require special designation. The USCG Officer In Charge, Marine Inspections 

(OCMI) determines areas of increased hazard due to prevailing conditions and refines 

the general operating area definitions listed above. These designations can be 

provided by contacting SBPM.

Known areas of special designations:

• All waters off the Pacific Northwest (anywhere offshore) from Chetco River 

OR to Race Rocks, WA in the Strait of Juan De Fuca is EXPOSED WATERS. 

This is due to the dangers of the Pacific Ocean.

• Operating on the Chesapeake Bay with the exception of selected tributaries are 

PARTIALLY PROTECTED WATERS. This is due to the large geographical 

size of the bay and prevailing conditions.
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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• Operating anywhere on Puget Sound is PARTIALLY PROTECTED 

WATERS with the exception of Elliot Bay which is PROTECTED WATERS.

• Operating anywhere on Alaskan waters is EXPOSED WATERS. This is due 

to the inherent dangers and prevailing conditions of Alaskan waters. 

(Exceptions are Kachemak Bay, Auke Bay, and Tongass Narrows. These 

waters are considered partially protected.)

• Operating on all areas of the Great Lakes from October 1st to April 15th is 

EXPOSED WATERS.

.04 Small Boat Stability and Construction Considerations

Evaluation principals for stability and construction: 

• Small boat design, construction, mission gear, and operation when 

determining operating area limitations. 

• Small boat loading conditions and mission tasks significantly impacts the 

stability characteristics of small boats. 

• Maintain reserve buoyancy, freeboard, righting arm, and seaworthiness under 

all prevailing conditions and missions. 

As these attributes can be very complex, the SBP has grouped criteria by General 

Stability and Mission Stability requirements. General Stability requirements apply to 

all small boats by Class. Mission Stability requirements are derived from mission gear 

and operation.

.05 General Stability Requirements

Class A, I and II Posted load limitations including engine horsepower, number 

of persons, gear weight, and includes elements of 33 CFR 183

– Boats and Associated Equipment, or 46 CFR 178 – Intact 

Stability and Seaworthiness & 179 – Subdivision, Damage 

stability and Watertight Integrity as applicable. This is

provided by the small boat manufacturer, naval architect, 

professional engineer, or established with guidance from the 

SBP. Under no circumstances must small boat operations

exceed those limits.

Class III and SRV Stability characteristics must be documented and include 

elements of 46 CFR 178 & 179 that best reflect the small boat

type, intended service and operating area. A manufacturer or 

naval architect issued stability letter will provide instructions to 

the OIC and a statement of compliance to the specific 

requirements of the Designated Operating Area must be 

included in the SBOM. Depending upon the complexity of the 

small boat, a full satiability booklet with hydrostatic curves and 
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

33

voyage analysis may be of value in managing future changes to 

the small boat configuration.

All - The SBOM for each small boat must clearly state the small 

boat’s Designated Operating Area(s) 

- Loading limitations, proper stowage of gear, and sea state 

limitations must be noted in the SBOM and included in a small 

boat’s Personal Qualification Standards training. 

- Maintain material condition of hull, water tight spaces, buoyant 

material, and freeing ports.

- Include a small boat stability log in all SBOM to track hull 

modifications and significant weight addition or deletion. 

Generally, significant weight deletion or addition greater than 

2% of the small boat’s original gross weight or displacement. 

An example of a stability log for each small boat class is 

available on the SBP website.

.06 Mission Stability Requirements

Table 1 reflects the impact of personnel and weight handling operations on initial 

stability characteristics. Mission requirements for the number of persons on board, 

over-the-side lifting, and towing operations are used to further refine a small boat’s 

Operating Area designation. Table 1 is provided to determine operating area 

restrictions for typical conditions. Operating conditions in excess of those detailed in 

this table must comply with the requirements of Section 8.07.
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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Table 1. Mission Conditions and Operating Area Restrictions

Small Boat Operating Conditions Operating Area

CLASS A

Operating without a support vessel and operates within the limitations set 

forth on the small boat loading plate 

PROTECTED and 

PARTIALLY 

PROTECTED 

WATERS NOT 

MORE THAN 3 

MILES FROM LAND

Operating with support vessel evaluated for the applicable operational 

area, which can accommodate additional persons onboard. ALL WATERS

CLASS I

And

CLASS II

Small boat carries more than six persons, OR conducts lifts over-the-side 

with static loads exceeding 200 lbs., OR conducts bottom trawls or 

dredges. 

PROTECTED 

WATERS ONLY

Small boat carries six or less persons AND does not conduct static lifting 

over-the-side of loads exceeding 200 lbs. AND does not conduct any 

bottom trawls or dredges.

PARTIALLY 

PROTECTED 

WATERS

Operating with support vessel evaluated for the applicable operational 

area that can accommodate the additional persons onboard. ALL WATERS

CLASS III 

and SRV

Operating within the limits of the specific individual stability evaluation 

which defines the boat specific operational areas and limitations.

WATERS DEFINED 

BY THE SMALL 

BOAT STABILITY 

EVALUATION

.07 Special Case Class I and II Mission Stability Requirements

Small boat operating conditions that fall outside of Table 1 require boat specific 

evaluation. To assist in a timely and thorough evaluation, the SBP maintains a 

standing working group to evaluate the capability to meet desired operating area 

limitations. The SBSB Stability Working Group is comprised of:

• SBP Engineering Coordinator

• SBP Inspection Coordinator

• SBSB representative

• VOC representative 

• Field operations representative 

The Board representative, VOC representative, and field operations representative are

nominated and approved by the SBSB. Nomination qualifications include individual 

interest and subject matter expertise.
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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The Stability Working Group is tasked with applying appropriate regulatory 

requirements, and evaluating mission details and practical small boat characteristics

consistently. The combined experiences of the NOAA small boat fleet and industry 

standards are used to qualify conclusions of the group. The Stability Working Group 

provides technical guidance to establish operating area or mission limitations. The 

Stability Working Group may require professional engineering evaluations or tests to 

determine small boat stability characteristics. The resources of the Stability Working 

Group are available upon request to the SBPM.

Upon completion of a stability review, subsequent limitations on loading, mission 

conditions, or operating area are submitted to the SBSB for approval. Once approved, 

the stability review is documented in the SBOM.

.08 Small Boat Acquisition Criteria

All proposed new small boat acquisitions that do not meet the provisions and 

limitations of Table 1, require review by the Stability Working Group. This group 

reviews requirements for determining the suitability of small boat design, 

construction, and stability for the intended designated operating area. (Reference 

Section 12)

.09 Modifications of Small Boats

Ensure any weight or engine changes in proposed modifications or alterations to Class 

A and Class I small boats are within the maximum limits listed on the loading 

placard. 

Contact the SBPM to enlist the services and guidance of the Stability Working Group 

for any proposed modifications or alterations made to Class II, Class III and SRVs

with stability data derived from inclining or calculated methods. The working group 

determines what marine engineering or naval architecture services are required. 

The VOC maintains records of all small boat modifications or alterations. Changes 

that result in weight addition or deletion must be recorded in the small boat’s stability 

log.

Examples of criteria that require a Stability Working Group review are:

• Significant weight deletion or addition greater than 2% of the small boat’s

original gross weight or displacement;

• Changes in installed tank capacities;

• Watertight bulkhead alterations;

• Tank boundary changes;

• Fishing method changes not included in the original stability evaluation. 

Examples are the removal or addition of fixed equipment necessary for the 

method of fishing operations such as outriggers, net reels, and winches.

• Freeing port alterations;
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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• Lifting gear changes other than equivalent equipment;

• Windage changes;

• Bilge keel area changes;

• Carrying additional personnel and various equipment;

• Repowering other than maximum rated horsepower, weight, and propulsion 

type
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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SECTION 10 LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT AND SMALL BOAT EQUIPMENT 

REQUIREMENTS

Given the type and complexity of operations conducted by NOAA, expanding carriage 

requirement considerations to include remoteness, complexity of the small boat, and 

operational challenges will improve overall safety. These requirements are one element of 

ORM and support engineering, inspection, and personnel requirements. 

NOAA minimum lifesaving and small boat equipment requirements have been compiled in 

this section from federal regulations, industry standards, and best management practices. 

Additional information and references can be found in the following: CFRs 46, 33, and 29, 

American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC) standards and guidance from the SBP. 

.01 Determine Carriage requirement

a) Standard Equipment Required

• Non-motorized small boats, use Table 1

• Class A, I, and II small boats require a three phase approach to determining 

carriage requirements.

• Determine standard equipment required aboard all classes. These 

requirements are found in Table 2.

• Determine additional requirements based on both size and distance from 

shore. These requirements are noted with an “R” in Table 4.

• Define individualized requirements for each small boat, based on and 

ORM, mission complexity, gear deployment, and capabilities of the boat. 

These requirements are noted with an “O” in Table 4

• Class III and SRV small boats, use Table 3.

Rescue boats aboard NOAA ships must comply with equipment requirements 

within 46 CFR 199-Lifesaving Appliances and Arrangements, OMAO 

Supplemental Small Boat Policy, and additional gear or resources required by the 

ship’s commanding officer. For further rescue boat guidance, please contact the 

SBP.

b) Operational Considerations

VOCs, OICs, and scientists must consider potential impacts the mission and the 

intended scientific operation will have on stability, limited steerage, or lifting 

capability. Mission specific operations such as trawling, sampling gear 

deployment/recovery, fishing with hook and line, Remotely Operated Vehicles 

(ROV)/ Autonomous underwater Vehicles (AUV) handling, and outreach or 

media events all require special considerations. Specialized tools, additional safety 

equipment or personal protective equipment are required for many of the 

operations conducted on small boats.
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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VOCs, OICs, and scientists must consider environmental extremes and operations 

that require extended periods underway. VOCs should consult with their local 

USCG, OCMI to determine if intended operations are in areas of special 

designation and require extra risk mitigation steps. Some missions require intense 

physical exertion that is often repeated multiple times in the course of a day or 

cruise. Consider every potential impact. The diversity of small boat operations 

make it difficult to provide an inclusive list of operational challenges and 

examples of risk mitigation measures. The list of examples below is by no means 

comprehensive and will continue to expand as VOCs and operators share their

experiences. Should your scientific operation not be listed, please share it with the 

SBP so it can be included.

• Artic cold weather work – use of dry suits or comparable thermal protection, 

sunglasses, sunscreen 

• Heat extremes – sun protection (canopies, hats, clothing, frequent breaks, 

sunglasses, sunscreen, hydration, extra water) 

• Extended periods underway (fatigue) – frequent breaks, rotate operators, rest 

periods, suitable area for rest, provisions for food 

• Heavy traffic areas – additional lookouts, backup radar and radio, AIS 

• Trawling – danger areas marked, cable cutters, hardhats, closed toe shoes, 

protective clothing

• Longline – wire cutters, knife, snag considerations for PFDs, 

• Marine mammal and turtle live capture – net precautions, people in the water, 

traffic 

• Overhead lifting and handling of weights on deck – hard hats, steel toe shoes, 

gloves 

c) Special Circumstances

If carrying equipment is deemed hazardous based on mission, contact your 

LOSBO or the SBP for additional information or clarification on the carriage 

requirements for multiple small boat operations.

When operating in conjunction with a larger support vessel, i.e. from a NOAA 

research vessel, chartered vessel, etc.

• The boat must meet all stability and carriage requirements as stated in 

sections.

• The boat must comply with the supplemental policy for the support 

ship/program/office.

• Class II boats do not need to carry additional USCG or International 

Convention for the Safety of Life At Sea (SOLAS) approved type I PFD as 

long as the support vessel can provide immediate response to the Class II boat.

If operating in tandem with another small boat where carriage of safety and 

lifesaving equipment may create additional risks to the small boat operations (i.e. 

during large whale disentanglement operations, dolphin captures, emergency 
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

39

response, etc.), a small boat (referred to as the “primary boat” for the remainder of 

this section) may operate without all of the required safety and lifesaving 

equipment provided each of the following are met:

• The support boat maintains visual contact and communication with the 

primary boat at all times while the primary boat is underway

• The support boats only task is to serve as an operational platform for the 

primary 

boat;

• The support boat meets all carriage requirements as well as enough safety and 

survival equipment to accommodate both boats;

• The support boat has the carrying capacity to embark all personnel from both 

boats;

• Each small boat has sufficient PFDs for all embarked personnel 

A risk assessment must be completed for the operation that specifically addresses 

the coordination between the support and primary boat.
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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Table 1. Minimum Carriage Requirements: Non-Motorized Small boats

Resources to Protect Personnel

Personal Flotation Devices (PFD) 

Appropriate size and buoyancy for every person aboard with light and 

whistle. All components must be USCG approved and PFD type must be 

suited for intended operations (i.e. lake, surf, swift water...)

Thermal Protection

Required for every person if SST is =<59 °F based on NOAA’s Coastwatch 

(http://coastwatch.noaa.gov) reports or determined by operational risk 

assessment 

(Dry, wet, anti-exposure or USCG approved immersion suit appropriate for 

the mission) 

Throwable Flotation device Open deck requires USCG approved type IV PFD, enclosed deck may use a 

throw bag

First Aid Kit Equipped for area of operations and personnel aboard (i.e. response time) 

An example inventory list is available on the SBP website.

Positioning 

GPS Cell phone GPS lat/long positioning or handheld GPS

Compass Magnetic or electronic handheld 

Local Chart/Map Current printed or electronic map that provides adequate detail to navigate 

the area of operation 

Communication Two different forms of communication are required at all times

Visual Designated standby person onshore or in another small boat able to respond

Cell Phone Must be within cell phone range 

VHF Radio Handheld waterproof radio 

Email or Text messaging Within cell phone range or utilizing satellite service (phone, SPOT, 

EPIRB...)

Satellite Phone Required when beyond cell phone range and VHF range

Damage/Emergency Response

Emergency Beacons EPIRB or Personal Location Beacon (PLB)

Daytime Distress Signal Flag Approved USCG daytime signals can be used in place of distress flag 

Visual Distress Signals 

(If operating between sunset - sunrise)

One USCG approved electric distress light or 3 USCG approved 

combination 

day/night flares

Sound Signaling Device Whistle or air horn, must be heard at least 1/2 mile away for at least 4-6 

seconds

Anchoring or securing the small boat Depending on the operations, an anchor or sea anchor may be required 

Means of Dewatering Bailer or manually operated bilge pump

Paddle/Paddles Number required will depend on the small boat (i.e. kayak, raft, canoe...) 

Label with small boat’s name or NOAA

Visual Identity and Signage

NOAA Identification and Registration Must comply with Section 13 of the Manual

Navigation Lights One all around white light visible from all directions or a flashlight showing 

a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision

Capacity Label Permanently affixed 

GAR Slate or Placard Required

Documents on File with VOC Baseline and Mission Risk Assessments, ASBE, PQS, OEM
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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Table 2. Minimum Carriage Requirements: Motorized Class A, I, and II Boats

Resources to Protect Personnel

Personal Flotation Devices (PFD) 

Appropriate size and buoyancy for every person aboard with light and 

whistle. All components must be USCG approved. Refer to Section 10.02 

of this Manual for specific PFD requirements 

Thermal Protection

Required if operating where SST is =<59 °F (15 °C) based on NOAA’s 

CoastWatch (http://coastwatch.noaa.gov) reports or determined by 

operational risk assessment (Dry, wet, anti-exposure or USCG approved 

immersion suit appropriate for the mission) 

Life Raft Required beyond 12 nm. Refer to (life raft) Table 4 of this Section, and 

Section 10.03 of this Manual for specific raft requirements

Throwable USCG approved type IV PFDFlotation DeviceFloat cushions are permitted on class A and I boats for day operations. For 

class II boats a18” ring life buoy is required.

First Aid Kit Equipped for area of operations and personnel aboard (i.e. response time) 

An example inventory list is available on the SBP website.

Carbon Monoxide Alarm All small boats with enclosed cabins, number of alarms must protect all 

spaces occupied by personnel (berthing, galley, bridge....)

MOB Recovery Recovery gear aboard and procedure in place for conscious and 

unconscious victim.

Positioning

GPS or Chartplotter Suitable for intended operational area

Compass Magnetic or Electronic with independent or backup power supply

Navigation Charts Current printed or electronic chart that provides adequate detail to navigate 

the area of operation

Navigation Rules

Appropriate book, chart, or placard for the class small boat and operating 

area, Small boats => than 12 meters (39 feet) must carry a current 

electronic or printed copy aboard

Communication Two different forms of communication are required at all times 

Visual Designated standby person onshore or in another small boat able to 

respond 

Cell Phone Must be within reliable cell phone range 

VHF Radio One 25 watt VHF radio is recommended, Class II small boats must have 

at least one radio with MMSI registration and integrated with GPS

Email or Text messaging Within reliable cell phone range or utilizing satellite service (phone, SPOT, 

EPIRB...)

Satellite Phone Phone or other satellite communication is required when operating beyond 

cell phone coverage 

Damage/Emergency Response

Emergency Beacons 

(EPRIB, PLB)

In lieu of EPIRBs, PLBs are permitted for protected and partially protected 

operations on Class A and I small boats. For Coastal and Exposed waters 

Category I (auto deployment) EPIRBs are required. Category II (manual) 

EPIRBs may be authorized depending on small boat design and suitability.

Visual Distress Signals 

Class A-one orange distress flag (day only) or 3 combination day/night red 

flares. 

Class I and II - one orange distress flag or 3 hand-held or floating orange 

smoke signals (day only), and one electric distress light or 3 combination 

(day/night) red flares, handheld, meteor or parachute (46 CFR 28.145).

Refer to Table 6 of this Section for additional guidance
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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Sound Signaling Device Whistle, handheld air horn, or electric horn that can be heard at least 1/2 

mile for 4-6 seconds (USCG NAV RULES)

Anchor and adequate rode

Required for Class I and II. Class A small boat operating within a shallow 

river or non-navigable waterway must have a means to secure the boat. 

Guidance on acceptable ground tackle and mooring line is available on the 

SBP website (under Best Practices).

Dewatering Device

A mechanical or manual means of dewatering is required for all small 

boats. On Class I and II small boats with compartments that have through 

hull fittings below the waterline or spaces below the main deck without 

watertight closures, these spaces must have an appropriate bilge pump with 

high water alarm installed at the operator station. 

Fire Extinguishers

Marine type USCG approved fire extinguishers minimum requirements: 

Class A and I - One B-I, Class II - One B-II or two B-I, Fixed Fire system 

required for enclosed machinery space (approved as additional B-I). Refer 

to Table 5 of this Section or contact the SBP for additional carriage (46 

CFR 181.500) 

Visual Identity and Signage

NOAA Identification and Registration Must comply with Section 13 of this Manual

Navigation Lights Must comply with USCG NAV RULES (COMDTINST M16672.2D)

Capacity Label Permanently affixed (if not installed by the manufacturer, contact the SBP for 

guidance) 

GAR Slate or Placard Required

Oil and Garbage Placards

Required on all Class I and II small boats. (33 CFR 155.450 and 151.59) 

Guidance on purchasing placards is available on the SBP website (see 

Placards Required for Daily Operations).

Documents on File with VOC Baseline and Mission Risk Assessments, ASBE, SBEX, PQS, SBOM, 

OEM
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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Table 3. Minimum Carriage Requirements: Class III and SRVs

Refer to small boat inspection booklet for specific requirements. These booklets are 

developed by the SBP and approved by the SBSB.

Resources to Protect Personnel

Personal Floatation Devices (PFDs) 

Appropriate size and buoyancy for every person aboard with light and whistle. 

All components must be USCG approved. Refer to Section 10.02 of this Manual

for specific PFD requirements. Type I PFD for all personnel in addition to the 

Type III and V permitted for deck operations 

Immersion Suits Required. Must have USCG approved light and whistle.

Life Raft USCG approved or meets SOLAS. SRVs must carry SOLAS rafts

If operating >50 miles of the coastline SOLAS A is required 

Life ring

USCG approved Orange Ring Life (RL) Buoys 24" or greater. At least one life 

buoy must have a MOB strobe light attached.

Class III-One or more RL Buoys. One must have a minimum of sixty (60) feet 

of rescue line attached. 

SRV–Three RL Buoys. One must have a minimum of ninety (90) feet of rescue 

line attached

First Aid Kit Equipped for area of operation and number of personnel aboard (exposed, 

remote....). An example inventory list is available on the SBP website.

AED Storage location labeled and readily accessible. Requires monthly inspections 

and trained personnel

Carbon Monoxide Alarm All small boats with enclosed cabins, number of alarms must protect all spaces 

occupied by personnel (berthing, galley, bridge...)

MOB Recovery Recovery device or apparatus aboard and procedure in place for conscious and 

unconscious victim.

Bridge Requirements

Chart plotter Required with the most up-to-date charts and a secondary independent GPS or 

chart plotter that includes a dedicated antenna 

AIS Small boat registration must be up-to-date 

Magnetic compass 

Adjusted with current deviation card and validated every 3 years

Backup fluxgate/electronic compass recommended with independent backup 

power 

Fathometer Required, backup unit recommended

Radar Required, AIS interface recommended

Navigation Charts Up-to-date, printed charts that provide adequate detail to navigate the area of 

operation

Navigation Rules Current electronic or printed version of navigation rules and NOAA U.S. Chart 

No.1 aboard 

Coast Pilot Current electronic or printed version aboard

Communication 

Two VHF radios with Digital Selective 

Calling (DSC) capability

Both radios must be mounted, 25 watt with MMSI# entered and connected to 

GPS input 

Cell Phone Must be within cell range

Email or Text messaging Within reliable cell phone range or utilizing satellite service (phone, SPOT, 

EPIRB...)
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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Satellite Phone Either satellite phone, SSB radio, or other satellite based communication is 

required when operating beyond cell phone coverage 

Single Side Band Radio Recommended for small boats operating > 50 miles of the coastline

Damage/ Emergency Response

Emergency Beacons 

One category I (auto deployment) EPIRB must be installed in a float free 

location. 

Additional Category II (manual) EPIRBs are recommended 

Visual Distress Signals Meets SOLAS - Three (3) Parachute Flares, Six (6) night flares, Three (3) 

Smoke Flares

Fire Suppression 

Refer to appropriate USCG regulations for small boat class, must meet 

minimum requirements for fixed and portable fire suppression based on small 

boat configuration. 

Refer to the vessel inspection booklet or contact the SBP for additional guidance 

Sound Signaling Device SRV requires 300 mm bell 

Horn must be heard at least 1⁄2 mile for 4-6 seconds

Anchor Appropriate size for the small boat. Guidance on acceptable ground tackle and 

mooring line is available on the SBP website (under Best Practices).

Dewatering Devices Bilge pumps with visual indicator at the operator station or bridge

High Bilge level alarm Visual and audible indicator at operator station

Emergency Steerage Required for single engine or single rudder small boats

Visual Identity, Signage and Carried Documentation

NOAA Identification and Registration Must comply with Section 13 of this Manual

Navigation Lights Must comply with USCG NAV RULES (COMDTINST M16672.2D)

SBOM Maintained aboard

Waste Management Plan/Policy Located in a visible and accessible area

Oil and Garbage Placard 

Located in a visible and accessible area (33 CFR 155.450 and 151.59). Guidance 

on purchasing placards is available on the SBP website (see Placards Required 

for Daily Operations). 

Baseline Risk Assessment Aboard and dated with annual review

Marine Sanitation Device Instruction placard on use and proper disposal

GAR Slate or Placard Required

Day shapes Must comply with USCG navigation rules for intended operations
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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d) Additional carriage requirements based on operating area and operational risk

assessment

Table 4. Operational Matrix for Class A, I and II Small Boats

 

Use this table to assist with risk 

considerations and operationally 

based carriage requirements A-Protected 

A- Near Coastal 

A-Coastal 

I-Protected 

I- Near Coastal 

I-Coastal

I- Open Waters

II-Protected 

II- Near Coastal

II-Coastal 

II- Open Waters

Type I PFDs * O O O O O O R O O R R

Immersion Suits ** O O O O O O R O O O R

USCG approved Life Raft or 

IBA *** (46 CFR 28.120) N N O O O O R O O O R

Automated External 

Defibrillator (AED) O O O O O O R O O O R

Radar N N O O O O O O O O O

Fathometer/Depth Sounder O O O O O O R R R R R

Oars/Paddles R R R R R R R O O O N

Additional GPS or Chart plotter N O O O O O R R R R R

Additional VHF radio N O O N O O R N O R R

Satellite Phone O O O O O O R O O O R

Emergency Steerage Plan N N N O R R R R R R R

Sea Anchor N N O N N O R N O O R

Emergency Ditch Bag **** N N O N O O O N O O O

MOB - Recovery Procedure R R R R R R R R R R R

R = Required O = Operationally based N = Not Required 

The following Operational Route definitions only apply to this Section

* Immersion suits may be used in place of Type I PFDs 

** Immersion suits are always required when operating where SST is =<59 °F (15 °C) based on 

NOAA’s CoastWatch reports (http://coastwatch.noaa.gov) or an increased risk of hypothermia exists 

*** A USCG approved life raft or inflatable buoyant apparatus (IBA) is required. Soft packs are 

acceptable on class I and II small boats. Raft capacity must be 100% of personnel carried aboard. 

**** Suggested items in addition to minimum requirements: Waterproof handheld VHF radio, water, 

Personal Locator Beacon (PLB), signal mirror, whistle, strobe/flashlight

 

Protected Bays, Sounds and Rivers (<2 miles shoreline to shoreline with no special hazards)

Near Coastal (< 3miles from a harbor or safe refuge)

Coastal (3-12 miles from a harbor or safe refuge)

Open Waters (beyond 12 miles from a harbor or safe refuge)
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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.02 Guidance for Personal Flotation Devices and Immersion Suits 

This section provides additional guidance for PFDs and immersion suits to help 

reduce the risk of drowning and increase survivability in warm and cold waters. 

Cold-water thermal protection requirements are addressed in more detail and are 

structured to exceed minimum risk controls. 

a) Carriage and Donning Requirement for PFDs

PFD includes work vests, marine buoyant devices intended to be worn, life 

preservers, life jackets, hybrid PFDs, and inflatable life jackets. PFDs must 

contain a label stating USCG approval number and type. PFD types are defined in 

46 CFR §160 - Lifesaving Equipment. Small boats operating from NOAA Ships 

must comply with the OMAO Small Boat Supplemental for PFD carriage 

requirements.

Inflatable PFDs are designed to become buoyant either manually, automatically, 

or both by inflation of a sealed chamber. Inflatable PFDs are not inherently 

buoyant and therefore must be properly maintained, inspected, and components 

replaced before expiration dates. 

Work vests, float coats/coveralls, anti-exposure suits, dry suit-style, and inflatable 

PFDs are personally assigned PFDs intended to be worn regularly on a continuous 

basis. All PFDs must be USCG approved or meet SOLAS. Units that issue Type 

III or V PFDs provide oversight to assure PFDs are serviced and that time 

sensitive components remain current. Only PFDs under the oversight of the VOC 

may be considered part of the lifesaving carriage requirements. Type III and V 

PFDs do not replace additional required lifesaving requirements (e.g., immersion 

suits, Type I PFDs).

• All persons must wear an appropriately sized and fitted approved PFD at 

all times and in all waters (except as stated in Section 10.02.f of this 

Manual). 

• Personal Type III and Type V PFDs, not issued by the government, are 

authorized. They do not count towards the posted minimum carriage 

requirement 

• PFDs must be properly sized for the wearer, and for the operational and 

environmental conditions

• PFDs must be fitted with a light and a whistles

• PFDs must be maintained in a serviceable condition, per manufacturer or 

USCG instructions; 

• Risk management should be used to determine additional PFD 

requirements for all operations.

b) Anti-Exposure wear

Make readily available for all personnel working on weather decks, if not already 
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used as a PFD, an approved PFD that offers both thermal protection and flotation. 

This includes anti-exposure suits, float coats, and dry suits.

An anti-exposure suit (including float-coveralls) is a protective suit (which is an 

approved Type III or Type V PFD when worn) designed for use in general coldweather.

c) Cold Water Exposure 

Cold waters are defined as operational waters where the surface temperature is 

59° F (15° C) or colder. Use NOAA’s CoastWatch reports 

(http://coastwatch.noaa.gov) to determine real time water temperature. Provide 

cold water protection whenever operational risk analysis reveals an increased risk 

of hypothermia. Consider distance from shore, time to rescue, and air temperature 

in addition to water temperature.

An immersion suit is a protective suit that when worn reduces loss of body heat of 

a person in cold water. Immersion suits are also known as “survival suits.” All 

immersion suits used on NOAA boats must be USCG approved and/or meets 

SOLAS per 46 CFR §160.171 - Immersion Suits.

• If immersion suits are required to be carried onboard and intended to be worn 

by untrained personnel onboard in an emergency, adequate training and 

familiarization drills are required before departure, including donning of a 

suit.

• The OIC or VOC ensures all persons have adequately sized PFD’s and 

immersion suits before departure. Size limitations are provided on each piece 

of lifesaving equipment for reference.

d) Type I PFD and Immersion Suit Stowage.

• Type I PFDs and immersion suits must be stowed and readily accessible. 

When applicable they should be distributed throughout small boat (e.g. berths, 

mess, working spaces, or on deck) and accessible for donning in a reasonable 

amount of time during an emergency.

• Do not put Type I PFDs and immersion suits in deck containers that can be

locked. 

• Type I PFDs and immersion suits stowed overhead must be supported in a 

manner that allows quick release for distribution.

• Type I PFDs and immersion suits must be clearly visible. If stowed in a 

locker, under seats, or in a small compartment, clearly label the PFD and 

immersion suit with the number, type, and size of device within (e.g., 5 

Immersion Suits – 3L / 2M). Do not stow PFDs in plastic bags, locked 

compartments, or with other gear stowed on top of them.

• Mark and stow child size PFDs (for persons weighing less than 90 lbs.) in a 

location separate from adult PFDs so the child size PFDs are not mistaken for 

adult size PFDs.
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• Stow Type III and V PFDs separate from the required primary Type I PFDs.

e) PFD and Immersion Suit Requirements 

• PFDs and immersion suits must be equipped with USCG approved light and 

whistle that are mounted to resist snagging.

• Replace alkaline batteries in lights annually, no more than 1 year from the 

date installed. Date of installation must be recorded. 

• Replace lithium batteries in lights every 5 years from the date installed. 

Date of installation must be recorded.

• Disposable lights must be replaced prior to the expiration date. 

• Permanently mark PFDs and immersion suits with at least one of the 

following: the small boat’s name, NOAA hull registration number (e.g., 

R6201), the word “NOAA”, the NOAA emblem, or the operating organization 

(e.g., FKNMS, NRT 1, etc.).

• Inspect, test, and maintain immersion suits per U.S. Coast Guard Navigation 

Inspection Circular (NVIC) 01-08. Air test suits for leaks at least once before 

the 10th year from the manufacturing date stamped inside the suit. Test suits 

more than 10 years old every 3 years or more frequently as deemed necessary 

by the VOC or OIC until suit is unserviceable. Additional guidance is 

available as Vessel Inspection Bulletins, available on the SBP website (under 

Vessel Inspection Bulletins section).

f) Exceptions for Wearing PFDs 

• Diving – PFDs are not required to be worn by divers when they are dressed in 

diving gear providing positive buoyancy.

• Enclosed Spaces – PFDs are not required to be worn when a person is inside 

an enclosed cabin or spaces.

• Bulwarks and Rails – PFDs are not required to be worn by persons on deck 

when all of the following conditions are met:

• The OIC grants permission not to wear a PFD on deck.

• The person will not engage in the small boat’s mission in a scientific or 

crew capacity.

• The person will not be in close proximity to areas where operations are 

being conducted onboard or over the side of the small boat.

• The small boat deck is configured with exterior rails or bulwarks that are 

at least one meter (39.5 inches) high.

• In the case of rails, the courses of rails (or equivalent chains or wire) are 

installed such that no open vertical space exists that is more than 12 

inches. 

.03 Inflatable Life Rafts (ILR) and Inflatable Buoyant Apparatus (IBA)

SOLAS A and B ILRs are self-contained inflatable rafts with insulated floors, full 

canopy, hydrostatic release, and are packed in a hard case. These rafts contain 
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additional survival equipment that meet the requirement found in 46 CFR 160.151 –

Inflatable Liferafts (SOLAS). SOLAS B ILRs are restricted to 50nm offshore and do 

not contain food or water and carry half of the visual distress signals of a SOLAS A 

ILR.

USCG-approved coastal life rafts are compact rafts that lack provisions for long 

term survival and are not constructed to the same strict standards of SOLAS 

approved rafts. On coastal rafts, the freeboard is typically less, floor is often a 

single, un-insulated layer, and the boarding ladder may be merely webbing. 

An IBA is a self-contained inflatable platform or raft, with or without a canopy, is 

packed in a hard case or valise (soft sided bag). IBAs meet the packed item 

requirements found in 46 CFR 160.010-3 – Inflatable Buoyant Apparatus. 

When small boat class or operations require an ILR, rafts must be either USCG or 

SOLAS approved and suited for the intended operational area. All SRVs are required 

to carry either a SOLAS A or B raft regardless of the area of operations. 

All small boats operating > 50nm offshore must carry a SOLAS A ILR. 

USCG approved IBAs are acceptable for additional persons carried during media 

events or outreach programs as long as the small boat maximum carrying capacity is 

not exceeded.

Approved inflatable life rafts and inflatable buoyant apparatus are required to be 

serviced periodically at an approved servicing facility. The first servicing of a new 

raft is 24 months after it is first packed. After that, servicing is normally every 12 

months. 

.04 Emergency Radio Beacon 

NOAA SBP recognizes three types of emergency radio beacons: 

• EPIRB:

• Category 1 – float free mounting

• Category 2 – not float free

• PLB

Register all radio beacons with the NOAA Search And Rescue Satellite Aided 

Tracking program and maintain registrations current. Test radio beacons monthly 

when the small boat is in service. In addition, review EPIRB beacon identification 

registration information at least annually to ensure emergency contact information is 

still valid. 

.05 Ring Life Buoy and Water Light Considerations

A ring life buoy (RLB) is an inherently buoyant, type IV PFD that does not rely on 

any chemical mechanism or operator action to provide buoyancy. RLBs must be the 
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appropriate size bases on the small boat class, orange in color, and USCG or SOLAS 

approved. Clearly mark each buoy with reflective tape and mount in a readily 

accessible area that allows for rapid deployment. Inspect all RLBs annually for 

deterioration and replace if the material is split, badly faded, or if grab lines appear 

weakened. 

A USCG or SOLAS, waterlight (46 CFR 161.010 – Floating Electric Waterlight), 

when used, must be attached to the RLB with a corrosion resistant clip that can be 

easily disconnected or with 3 – 6 feet (91-183 cm) of line. Line should be UV 

resistant and constructed for use in the marine environment. Lights must be selfrighting and cannot hinder the deployment of the RLB.

.06 Fixed Fire Extinguishing Systems

Small boats equipped with a fixed gas extinguishing systems must have the system 

inspected annually (not more than 1 year from the previous certification) and certified 

using the appropriate National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) references. An 

inoperative or expired service interval of a fixed gas system, regardless of whether 

required to be installed or not, results in a Category 1 deficiency and the boat may not 

operate until corrected. Small boats with a fixed gas system installed by the 

manufacture must preserve and maintain the system or be subject to a Category 1 

deficiency. For small boats that do not have a fixed gas firefighting system installed 

and it is determined using 46 CFR 181.400 - Fixed Fire Extinguishing and Detecting 

Systems that one is required, every effort is made to have a system installed as soon as 

possible. All service, repair, and installations of fixed gas fire extinguishing systems 

must be performed a NFPA certified technician.

Table 5. Portable Fire Extinguisher Minimum Requirements

Portable Fire Extinguisher Minimum Requirements (46 CFR 181.500(a)) 

For guidance concerning applicability contact the SBPM.

Space protected Required Type Class Size

Operating Station and/or

Open Console 1 B-I, C-I CO2 or Dry Chemical

1.8kg (4 lb) or 0.9 kg 

(2 lb)

Enclosed Machinery Space

(if applicable) 1 B-II, C-IIlocated outside exit

CO2 or Dry 

Chemical

6.8 kg (15 lb) or 4.5 

kg (10 lb)

Accommodation/Berthing 

Space/Cuddy Cabin (if applicable) 1 A-II Foam or Dry Chemical

9.5L (2.5 gal) or 4.5 

kg (10 lb)

Galley/Pantry/Cooking Areas

(if applicable) 1 A-II, B-II Foam or Dry Chemical

9.5L (2.5 gal) or 4.5 

kg (10 lb)
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Table 6. Visual Distress Signals

VISUAL DISTRESS SIGNALS (46 CFR 28.145)

Area Devices required

Greater than 50 miles from coastline.

3 parachute flares, approval series 160.136, or SOLAS; plus 6 hand flares, 

approval series 160.121, or SOLAS; plus 3 smoke signals, approval series 

160.122, or SOLAS.

3-50 miles from the coastline

3 parachute flares, approval series 160.136, 160.036, or SOLAS; plus 6 hand 

flares, approval series 160.121, 160.021, or SOLAS; plus 3 smoke signals, 

approval series 160.122, 160.022, 160.037, or SOLAS.

within 3 miles of the coastline.

Night visual distress signals consisting of one electric distress light, USCG or 

SOLAS approved, or 3 approved flares; plus Day visual distress signals 

consisting of one distress flag, USCG approved, or 3 approved flares, or 3 

approved smoke signals.

.07 Personal Protective Equipment and Clothing

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) must:

• Comply with the applicable standard (see Executive Order 12196 – Occupational 

Safety and Health Programs for Federal Employees);

• Fit properly;

• Be stored in a convenient location that is safe from adverse conditions that could 

damage the equipment; and

• Be used per the manufacturer’s recommendation for the equipment being used.

All persons aboard small boats must, at all times, wear mission appropriate protective 

foot protection, hard hats, eye and face protection and hand protection.
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SECTION 11 EMERGENCY READINESS

The safety of personnel and small boat integrity are the primary focus of the SBP and must be 

the highest priority of small boat operators and crew. The hazards presented by the marine 

environment, weather, and mission operations are dynamic and often unpredictable. It is 

critical that small boat crews are prepared to respond to emergency situations.

The nature of the small boat fleet presents additional challenges associated with the diversity 

of platforms, onboard resources, frequency of use, rotation of crews, and the skills and 

handling of embarked mission personnel.

Effective emergency response under adverse conditions is best achieved through a planned 

progression of frequent training exercises, pre-mission briefing, and underway drills. 

These efforts provide opportunities to educate, practice, and critique standard response 

procedures and review the use of onboard resources and emergency gear.

.01 Responsibility

The VOC is responsible for establishing specific emergency procedures for their 

small boats and recurring training for their operational unit that best address the 

nature of operations, small boat complexity and the skills of embarked personnel. The 

VOC must maintain records of these efforts and participants.

The OIC is responsible for conducting pre-mission briefings that detail the emergency 

roles and duties for all embarked personnel, including the location and use of safety 

and response gear. 

The OIC is responsible for conducting the required drills and training, and a followup debrief that includes critiques and implementing corrective actions, and recording 

all details in the small boat log book, float plan or training log.

The OIC is responsible for inspecting and testing all onboard safety gear and systems 

that support emergency response and survival per the manufacture’s requirements.

.02 Emergency Response Plan Requirements

The VOC identifies required resources and training to support effective emergency 

response. The plan is tailored to best reflect the unique operations, complexity of the 

small boats, required personnel skills, and the most probable hazards encountered. 

This plan should include the following elements:

• Refresher safety training such as, but not limited to: classroom instruction, 

training videos

• Hands on training exercises such as, but not limited to: launching flares, 

donning Immersion Suits, parking lot trash can fire demonstration

• Small boat orientation briefs 
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• Drill requirements

• Boat-specific emergency procedures

Emergency response plans may be developed for a group of similar small boats or be 

small boat specific to best reflect both complexity and crew familiarity. Plans 

developed for smaller, less complex platforms should focus on personnel skills 

training. Larger, more complex platforms require detailed emergency procedures 

focusing on operation and deployment of emergency equipment and specific duties 

assigned to personnel during an actual emergency.

.03 Response Training and Emergency Procedures

Emergency response training is formal instruction of the embarked personnel on how 

to recognize hazards, execute the emergency procedures, and utilize emergency 

response gear. Initial SBO qualification training requirements (see Section 6.01) is 

best reinforced by frequent safety refreshers and hands on training exercises and 

drills.

Emergency response is best reinforced by frequent recurrent training and hands on 

exercises. Training media and exercises can be provided in a format to suit mission 

personnel, project preparation, and field schedules. Effective safety refresher training 

includes utilizing local unit instructors and platforms, subject matter videos, group 

discussion of emergency scenarios, and hands on exercises. Deployment of expired 

flares and rafts, use of fire extinguishers, and wet exercises with immersion suits or 

PFD’s are effective training opportunities and should be incorporated when practical.

Included in this instruction should be applicable boat-specific emergency procedures. 

Each field office must develop these emergency procedures for applicable emergency 

situations such as, but not limited to:

• Abandon Ship 

• Fire Fighting Procedures

• Man Overboard and Recovery

• Flooding, Damage Control and Stability 

• Cold Water Survival

• Launching a Raft

• Donning Immersion Suits and PFDs

• Making Distress Calls and Using Distress Signals

• Spill Response

• Medical Emergency

.04 Pre-mission Brief – Orientation

Familiarization with the small boat, including safety gear and support resources, is 

required to be provided during the pre-mission brief. In addition to reviewing the 

GAR and mission plan, the OIC must brief all embarked personnel on:
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• Location of PFD’s, fire extinguishers, liferafts and IBA’s, first aid supplies, 

ditch bag 

• Emergency alarms and communication.

• Emergency muster locations and gear to be assembled

• Accounting for personnel

• Roles and responsibilities for crew and scientists

• Communication resources – VHF, EPIRB, flares

• Medical Emergencies, First Aid and resources

An example template of a Safety Orientation Briefing checklist is available on the 

SBP website.

.05 Emergency Exercises and Drills

Due to the diversity of the fleet and skillsets of embarked personnel below describes

the minimum emergency exercises and drill requirements. Operating units should 

choose additional boat and mission specific activities to best prepare personnel and 

small boats for potential emergencies.

It must be recognized that training, orientation and hands on exercises increase the 

value and effectiveness of underway drills. Emergency response on smaller boats is 

heavily dependent on personnel skill sets and should be addressed with more frequent 

hands on exercises to allow for practice and acquired proficiency. Emergency 

response on larger more complex boats is influenced more by team coordination and 

installed systems and may require more in-depth orientation. 

a) Training exercises allow participants to practice skills, trial gear deployment, gain 

familiarity and improve proficiency in a controlled, low risk environment. The 

controlled environment may be dockside, calm shallow water, or simulated 

situations.

Required elements of Emergency Training:

• Engagement of all persons 

• Low risk conditions that introduce real world hazards

• Allow for hands on experiences, feedback, and instruction

• Assessment of the participant skill and familiarity

• Record of training; persons involved, date and topics covered

• Debrief, critique and follow-up corrective actions

b) Drills are conducted to evaluate the proficiency level of embarked personnel and 

the availability, condition and use of onboard resources. Drills also test the on 

board resources, personnel response, coordination, and adherence to established 

protocols. Drills should be conducted moored and underway, and must reflect 

real-world situations and the complexities posed by mission, environment, small 

boat operation, and embarked personnel. All drills are evaluated using the small 

boat’s emergency procedures. In addition to crew proficiency, the emergency 

procedure is evaluated for effectiveness and modified by the OIC accordingly. 
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Required Elements of an Emergency Drill:

• Engagement of all Persons on Board

• Underway and under actual emergency conditions as practical 

• Demonstrated leadership of OIC

• Demonstrate communication between the OIC and crew

• Accessing and testing (or simulation) of all support gear and equipment

• Notification / communication of emergency situation

• Onboard - Initial notification of the emergency to the OIC

• Ashore - External communications to shore based resources

• Record of drill; persons involved, date, duration, and response time

• Debrief and critique of exercise

• Critique and follow-up corrective actions

c) Frequency of drills

Because drills are an evaluation of both crew proficiency and small boat 

readiness, frequencies should be adjusted to optimize crew involvement and 

assure frequent exercise of onboard gear. Seasonal programs, occasional small 

boat usage, and rotating crews pose a challenge to a prescribed drill frequency or 

schedule.

However, VOCs must ensure all operators and crew get the opportunity to 

participate at the minimum intervals. Frequencies should be increased with 

personnel turn over and small boat usage as these conditions can increase hazard 

exposure.

Drills are not required if the small boat is not in use, or has been made inactive in 

Vessel Inventory Management database (VIM). Upon reactivation, small boats 

must complete the required drills immediately before the next operational mission 

to ensure proficiency of the operator and crew and the status of safety gear and 

systems. 

The following table is a list of the minimum required topics and frequencies to be 

addressed for all small boats. NOTE: OIC’s aboard more complex small boats are 

highly encouraged to increase frequency as appropriate.
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Table 1. Emergency topics and frequencies

EMERGENCY QUARTERLY ANNUALLY

Fire (motorized small boats) X

Abandon Boat 

 Liferaft / IBA deployment

 Immersion Suit and PFD Type I donning

X

Man Overboard Recovery X

Emergency Communications and Visual 

Signaling X

Flooding / Swamping /Damage Control X

Loss of Steering X

Diver Accident (if conducting dive ops) X

Spill Response X

Medical Emergency, First Aid X
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SECTION 12 ACQUISITIONS, ALTERATIONS AND DISPOSAL

.01 Acquisition of New, Used, Surplus or Transferred Small Boat

Program Directors (or designee) must assess the suitability of a new or used small 

boat in regards to design, construction, total cost, operational routes, mission 

requirements, risks, safety, and environmental compliance before initiating a small 

boat acquisition. 

The review process is required for any new, used, surplus, or transferred acquisitions 

to a Line Office or Program. The evaluation is to assure boats added to NOAA’s fleet 

are constructed to industry standards and fulfill the safety requirements of the SBP. 

The intent is not to approve or disapprove a program’s platform request, but to 

provide guidance and assistance in selecting a small boat best suited for the 

operational area and intended purpose. The program is sensitive to the procurement 

process and every attempt is made to turn around the request in a timely manner.

Chart 1. Flowchart for small boat acquisitions

The flowchart outlines the initial steps required by Operating Units preparing to 

acquire a small boat. Review and complete the pre-acquisition worksheet (available 

on the SBP website), for any new or used boats the program plans to acquire. 

The worksheet is submitted to the LOSBO. The LOSBO may then seek technical 

support regarding construction, subdivision, and stability standards. Findings from the 
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LOSBO’s review must be submitted back to the operating unit for the Unit’s 

consideration.

a) Considerations for Custom Designs

LOSBOs (or designee) ensure that contract specifications are written or reviewed 

by a professional marine engineer, or naval architect, or/and the SBP. The 

engineering review ensures that the small boat will be properly configured in 

accordance with all applicable standards in the Code of Federal Regulations, and 

the requirements of this Manual.

b) Considerations for Existing Platforms

A survey conducted by the SBP or a Certified Marine Surveyor may be prudent 

for an existing small boat, before acquisition. The marine survey can be beneficial 

in determining the condition and estimated life cycle of the boat as well as the 

structural integrity and safety for its intended use.

.02 Considerations for Alterations and Modifications

Significant alteration or modification is a change to the original configuration of a 

boat with regard to structural, mechanical, or electrical systems. 

Examples of significant alterations include but are not limited to (exception: like-andkind replacement):

• addition of structures or winches, 

• addition of any weight handling gear (e.g., A-frame, crane, and articulated 

boom), 

• replacement of propulsion engines, 

• installation of electric generators, 

• lengthening of a small boat, or

• addition of a bow pulpit

The Program Director or VOC review significant proposed modifications to small 

boats to assess their potential impact on the safety and mission of the boat. Program 

Directors, VOC’s, or Line Office Engineers notify the LOSBO and SBPM to make 

sure work will be done per the rules, regulations, and NOAA policies, applicable to 

the particular class of small boat. Modifications and repairs are performed per all 

applicable standards in the Code of Federal Regulations, and the requirements of this 

Manual. 

Records, such as drawings or weight and moment reports, resulting from the 

alteration of boats is maintained at the appropriate program office and copies are 

provided to the SBP when requested.
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.03 Disposal of Small Boats

The VOC must change the status of small boat in VIM. Disposal of small boats must 

follow Personal Property Management Branch, NOAA National Disposal Plan 

http://www.pps.noaa.gov/excess_disposal_board_of_review.

Before sale or disposal, ensure all identifying stickers, emblems, NOAA hull 

numbers, and other forms of identification are removed. Unregister any safety 

equipment such as EPIRBs and DSC radios.
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SECTION 13 VISUAL IDENTIFICATION AND REGISTRATION

A uniform identification scheme is necessary to develop and promote public recognition of 

small boat activities. A uniform numbering system is required by U.S. Code for the purpose 

of identification. All NOAA small boats must comply with the visual identification and 

registration requirements specified in this Manual. NOAA Small Boats are government assets 

and must maintain a positive public image.

.01 Responsibility

The SBPM is responsible for issuing hull-registration numbers. Programs that own 

small boats must:

• Comply with the visual identification guidelines listed in this Manual; and

• Register any new small boat or existing small boat not already registered by 

submitting a completed Hull Registration Number Request (NOAA Form 57-

19-03). 

• Enter any new small boat or existing small boat not already listed in the 

Vessel Inventory Management database.

.02 NOAA Hull-Registration Numbers and Trailer License Plates Registration 

Registration numbers are composed of up to six characters. The first character is a 

letter and assigned as follows:

The first and second number corresponds to the length overall of the small boat 

measured in feet and rounded down to the nearest whole foot length.

The third, fourth, and optional fifth numbers are determined by the SBPM and 

assigned in sequential order. The optional sixth digit may be utilized when inventory 

in a specific length category exceeds 99 total boats.

Any small boat that is internally transferred between Line Offices must be reregistered through SBPM.

First Character Description

F Any boat assigned to NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service

S Any boat assigned to NOAA’s National Ocean Service and primarily 

engaged in hydrographic survey.

R Any boat assigned NOAA’s Oceanic and Atmospheric Research or 

NOAA’s National Ocean Service and primarily engaged in research.

None Any boat assigned to a NOAA’s Office of Marine and Aviation 

Operations
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The SBP has no registration process for trailers. Government trailers require a 

General Service Administration (GSA) plate, which are requested through the local 

property contact who handles Government Owned Vehicles (GOVs). SBP track 

trailers through the Annual Trailer Evaluation (ATE) form.

.03 Visual Identification Scheme

a) NOAA Emblem and Registration Number Display

Display of the NOAA emblem promotes public awareness of NOAA programs 

and is displayed in the following manner:

• All small boats must display the registration number on the port and 

starboard bow. 

• Small boats may also display the boat’s name on the port and starboard bow. 

If displayed, the name must be above the registration number, in a similar 

sized font. The name and number are left justified on the port bow and right 

justified on the starboard bow.

• On small boats without a cabin, deck house, or steering console, NOAA 

emblems are placed on the forward portion of both the port and starboard 

bow. Position with the small boat name and NOAA registration number.

• On boats that have a cabin, deck house, or a steering console, the NOAA 

emblems are placed on both the port and starboard side of either the cabin, 

deck house, or console at a location that is least obstructed from a clear 

broadside view. Emblems should be as large as possible for the available 

surface area.

• On small boats that have a cabin, deck house, or steering console, additional 

NOAA emblems may be displayed on the port and starboard bows. If 

displayed, the emblems must be positioned with the small boat’s name and 

NOAA registration number.

• Boats with a full and unobscured transom may display the NOAA emblem 

and registration number on the transom. Emblems should be as large as 

possible for the available surface area and account for the area required for 

the hull-registration number placement below the emblem.

• Boats with split transoms may display the NOAA emblem offset to one side. 

Emblems should be as large as possible for the available surface area and 

account for the area required for the hull-registration number placement 

below the emblem.
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b) Boat Name and Hull-Registration Number Convention

Boat name and hull-registration numbers are:

• Block-shaped capital letters in sans-serif (Arial) type font;

• Of a color providing contrast with the background hull color, usually black; 

and,

• Sized as follows:

c) Color Scheme

Small boats should follow a white color scheme. Other colors are allowed, as long 

as the color scheme remains durable, serviceable, and presents a positive public 

image. Aluminum hull or structures are not required to be painted.

d) Specific Boat Marking

Line Offices and Programs may develop specific boat-marking schemes and 

graphics. Specific boat-marking schemes must not infringe upon, be similar to, or 

be able to be construed as being similar to any existing small boat-marking 

schemes in use by any small boat, or fleet of small boats, either public or private.

.04 Examples of Small Boat Visual Identifications 

Figure 1: Example of visual identification for small boats without a cabin, deck house, or 

steering console

Small Boat Category Letter Size

Class A 3 inches

Class I 3 inches

Class II 3-6 inches

Class III 6 inches

SRV 9 inches
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Figure 2: Example of visual identification for small boats with a steering console

Figure 3: Example of visual identification for small boats with deck house
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Figure 4: Example of NOAA emblem centered on transom

Figure 5: Example of NOAA emblem offset on obstructed transom
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Figure 6: Example of NOAA emblem offset on transom due to obstruction by gear

Figure 7: Example of Line Office or Programmatic markings

.05 Flags

NOAA small boats are allowed to display the United States ensign, national flags, the 

NOAA flag, state flags, and the flags of partner agencies. Small boats must follow 

proper etiquette for all flags being flown.

.06 Exemptions

Requests to exempt a small boat from the rules of this Section or to deviate from the 

standards must be transmitted to the LOSBO for review and action by the SBSB.
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a) Inflatable Boats

Inflatable boats are exempt from the visual identification requirements; however,

every attempt should be made to comply with the identification requirements 

where practicable.

b) Imminent Danger

Exemption from the visual identification requirements may be granted by the 

Program Director, on a temporary basis, for boats when a significant hazard to the 

boat or its complement is probable or perceived due to unpopular public opinion 

caused by NOAA regulation or policy. After the perceived or possible threat has 

passed, restore the boat to the visual identification requirements of this Manual as 

soon as possible.
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SECTION 14 INSPECTION REQUIRMENTS

The Small Boat Inspection Program is designed to ensure that safety standards are maintained 

to minimize risk. In addition, NOAA SBP has supplemental lifesaving requirements that 

combined with Subchapter T, as applicable, to provide high level of safety and risk reduction. 

Other applicable Subchapters and USCG Navigation and Vessel Inspection Circulars 

(NVIC's), are incorporated by reference throughout Subchapter T. 

This Manual states the minimum requirements for all small boats. All equipment must be 

maintained in an operational status and inspected per this Manual, best management 

practices, and guidance from manufacturers. If the standards and procedures outlined in this 

Manual cannot be met, the VOC may request a waiver per Section 3.12 of this Manual. 

.01 Responsibility

The VOC ensures all required inspections are properly conducted. VOCs will make 

sure that all required inspections are reported to their VPC, LOSBO, and the SBP.

The LOSBOs are responsible for conducting an oversight review of all annual 

inspection of small boats within their line office.

The SBP Inspection Coordinator conducts oversight of the Small Boat Inspection 

Program.

.02 Examination Procedures for Class A, Class I and Class II boats and boat trailers

a) Annual Small boat Evaluation (ASBE)

The VOC ensures Class A, Class I, and Class II ASBEs are performed on an 

annual basis. The inspection must be performed using the ASBE checklist and 

outline. The Annual Small Boat Evaluation/Small Boat Examination for NonMotorized Class A & I checklist (NOAA Form 57-19-05), the Annual Small Boat 

Evaluation/Small Boat Examination for Class A, I, II checklist (NOAA Form 57-

19-01), and the ASBE outline are available at the SBP website.

Completed ASBE forms are submitted via the Vessel Inventory Management

database. 

b) Annual Trailer Evaluations (ATE)

The VOC ensures ATEs are performed on an annual basis. The inspection must be 

performed using the ATE checklist and outline. The Annual Trailer Evaluation

checklist (NOAA Form 57-19-02, available on the SBP website) is available on 

the SPB website. The ATE may also be performed by a professional trailer 

servicing facility.
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Completed ATE forms are submitted via the Vessel Inventory Management

database. 

c) Small Boat Examination (SBEX)

SBEX must be performed by one of the following:

• The SBP Inspection Coordinator or Engineering Coordinator. VOC 

contacts the SBP Inspection Coordinator to schedule a mutually acceptable 

date and time for an inspection.

• An SBP designated SBEX inspectors. A list of designated inspectors is 

available on the SBP website (see Biennial and Triennial Inspections)

• A certified marine surveyor, using the ASBE checklist

SBEX frequency is as follows:

• Class II boats biennially (every 2nd year) 

• Class I boats triennially (every 3rd year)

• Non-motorized canoes, kayaks, rafts and rowboats and Class A boats do 

not require SBEXs

SBEX performed by a NOAA inspector will replace the annual ASBE for that 

inspection year/period. Any SBEX performed by a certified marine surveyor will 

not be credited as an ASBE unless the VOC (or a designee) participates in the 

inspection and ensures all elements of the ASBE checklist are completed.

d) Completed ASBE, SBEX, and ATE Reporting

The NOAA inspector or hired surveyor signs completed evaluation/examination 

checklists, reports, records of findings, and recommendations and forwarded to 

his/her VOC. The VOC signs and retains a copy before forwarding to his/her 

approving official a defined by the LOSBO. The VOC must submit the signed 

copy to Vessel Inventory Management database.

e) Exemptions

All OMAO Small Boats aboard NOAA Ships, including rescue boats operating 

perform an ASBE using the ASBE checklist and adhere to the OMAO Supplemental 

Small Boat Policy. SBEX for OMAO small boats attached to NOAA ships are

performed by the Fleet Inspection Team during annual fleet inspection.

.03 Inspection Procedures for Class III and SRVs

The inspection regulations used for NOAA Class III and SRVs are derived from 46 

CFR Subchapter T. This Subchapter provides the greatest spectrum of applicability 

and appropriate safety level as determined by the SBSB for NOAA’s operations. 

Subchapter T provides equipment and construction elements that will increase the 

survivability of the small boat and its personnel during catastrophic events.
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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a) Scheduling Inspections

The VOC of a Class III or SRV contacts the SBP Inspection Coordinator to 

schedule a mutually acceptable date and time for an inspection. A confirmation of 

the upcoming inspection is provided to the VOC approximately one month before 

the agreed-upon date.

b) Pre-Inspection and Records

When the Inspection Coordinator arrives on site, a pre-inspection meeting is held 

to discuss logistics and other inspection-related matters. Small boat documents 

and records must be ready and made available to the inspector for examination.

c) Inspection

The scope of the inspection is to determine that the small boat has been operated 

in compliance with the Manual since the last inspection, and if the small boat will 

continue to do so safely until the next inspection. The inspection booklet for Class 

III and SRV is available on the SBP website. 

The VOC (or designee) and OIC must attend the entire inspection. The small boat 

will be made available for the entire day of the scheduled inspection. The OIC

will be asked to demonstrate that all navigation and communication equipment 

functions properly and specific required equipment functions properly on (any 

installed) emergency power. The OIC will also be asked to perform dockside 

engine, bilge pump, fire pump (if installed) and generator tests. Due to these 

requirements, it is expected that the small boat will be in an “operational” status. 

If the small boat is in drydock, the inspection will be modified accordingly. 

Testing “fixed bilge systems” with a central pump and manifold will require 

adding fresh water to a compartment bilge to demonstrate that the system will take 

direct suction. If for some reason the small boat is “non-operational” before the 

inspection, the Inspection Coordinator must be notified immediately to determine 

if the inspection will take place or be rescheduled.

d) Drills

All small boats must get underway for drills, to demonstrate crew proficiency and 

evaluate the effectiveness of the training program with the exception of the small 

boats in drydock. Drill proficiency is evaluated against the emergency procedures 

in the SBOM. In all cases, the OIC has the final decision as to whether the small 

boat gets underway taking into consideration the weather, manning, and 

operational risk assessment. If it is decided that the small boat is incapable of 

conducting drills, the reason is documented in the inspection report. In some 

locations, one set of drills will be performed on one small boat if several small 

boats are of the same type or nearly identical. The remaining small boats may 

conduct dockside machinery trials at the inspector’s discretion.
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e) Deficiencies

Any deficiencies found will be issued as:

• Category 1 deficiency, which represents a significant risk to personnel, 

property, or the marine environment. These deficiencies are reported to the 

SBSB by the Inspector (or designee) the day of the finding. On 

discovering a Category 1 deficiency, the Inspector may issue a “No Sail” 

order, depending on the equipment affected by the failure. A listing of 

common Category I deficiencies is available on the SBP website. 

• Category 2 deficiency, which represents noncompliance with this Manual 

and must be resolved within the time frame established by the inspector.

Deficiencies are issued before the inspector’s departure, and acknowledged by 

signature of the VOC (or designee). In some cases further evaluation, included in the 

deficiency form, may be required to clarify a deficiency.

f) Category 1 Deficiencies and “No Sail” Order

The Inspection Coordinator and Engineering Coordinator have the authority to 

prevent any small boat from operating if the small boat has a Category 1 

deficiency. 

Reporting Category 1 deficiencies:

The issuing Inspector notifies the SBSB of all Category 1 deficiencies via a group 

email message. Upon receiving a Category 1 deficiency, the accountable LOSBO 

responds to the email copying all SBSB members and either “concur” or “not 

concur” with the Category 1 designation. All other SBSB members must respond 

to the initial message to acknowledge receipt of the message. 

Clearing a No-Sail Order:

No-Sail Orders must be cleared by the issuing inspector before the small boat

returns to service. This is accomplished by providing all required information 

directly to the issuing inspector. The No-Sail Order is cleared in writing before the 

small boat returns to service.

Appealing a No-Sail Order:

If the LOSBO does not concur with a No-Sail Order, the LOSBO may appeal the 

issue to the SBSB for a final decision. During this appeal the SBSB and SBP will 

support and enforce the No-Sail Order until the issue is fully resolved, either by 

correction of the deficiency or through the SBSB’s appeal to downgrade the 

deficiency. 

If the LOSBO does ‘not concur’ with the Inspector’s Category 1 designation, a 

follow up email to the attending inspector is sent as soon as practical, providing 
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any supporting documentation and reasons for the disagreement. The Inspector 

and LOSBO will continue to communicate via email, copying all SBSB members. 

If the Inspector and LOSBO cannot come to agreement, or if an interpretation of 

policy is required the issue is resolved by the SBSB. The SBSB reviews and 

discusses all pertinent information. If additional information is needed, the 

LOSBO, VOC, Inspector, or Subject Matter Expert may be consulted. The SBSB 

votes to uphold the Category 1 Deficiency or downgrade it. Their decision is final 

and will be communicated to all affected parties. The SBSB’s decision will be 

recorded by the SBSB Chair and included in the small boat’s Inspection Report. 

The Director, OMAO must be notified through OMAO SECD of any instance 

when the SBSB votes to downgrade a Category 1 deficiency without a unanimous 

vote.

g) Post-Inspection Exit Briefing

The Inspector will discuss the inspection details with the VOC (or designee) and 

issue a list of requirements and corrective actions. All deficiencies are issued 

before the Inspector’s departure as practical and acknowledged by signature of the 

VOC (or designee).

h) Inspection Follow Up and Corrective Actions

• The inspector provides requirements to address deficiencies issued during 

the inspection and discusses it with the VOC. This is done on-site after the 

inspection is completed.

• The VOC reviews and comments on the list of requirements and forwards it 

to their Program Director and VPC.

• The VPC forwards the list of requirements to the LOSBO.

• The VOC, VPC, and LOSBO develop a Corrective Action Plan or response. 

• Corrective Action Plans for resolving deficiencies must be communicated 

back to the issuing inspector for approval and can be done prior to the 

inspector’s departure. 

• If a deficiency requires continued discussion, the LOSBO can elevate to the 

SBSB.

i) Authorized Deviations 

In some instances there will be Class III and SRV boats that cannot economically 

or feasibly attain full compliance with subchapter T. These small boats are

evaluated by the SBP in a case by case basis and the equivalency of subchapter T 

regulations considered. All operational, design, and route factors are evaluated to 

ensure the most applicable subchapter T inspection standards apply. The SBSB 

will review all requests for deviation. 
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.04 Delinquent Examination and Inspections

Examinations and Inspections of small boats in active status are done no later than 45 

days after the 1-year anniversary. Small boats past the 45-day window must not be used 

for any operations, and are placed in inactive status. 
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SECTION 15 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

.01 Environmental Compliance

All small boats operate in full environmental compliance with Federal, State, and 

NOAA requirements. All NOAA employees must consider themselves stewards of 

the environment, and use established polices and best practices to prevent pollution. 

NAO 216-17 - NOAA Environmental Compliance Program provides guidance on 

responsibilities to ensure regulations are followed to protect the environment and 

promote environmental stewardship of our natural resources.

a) Minimum Requirements

The VOC must:

• Maintains an written inventory of hazardous materials inherent to the 

maintenance and operation of the small boat

• Ensure that hazardous materials are handled, stored, and disposed of per

industry standards, state regulations, federal regulations, and the Safety Data 

Sheet.

Additional guidance on the handling, storage, and disposal of hazardous

substances is available on the SBP website.

b) Materials Brought by Scientific Party

The VOC assists with environmental compliance requirements, and works with 

the Chief Scientist(s) to ensure that the chemical hygiene plan is properly 

executed and that any problems are promptly brought to the attention of the 

Program’s Director.

• The science party provides a chemical hygiene plan to the OIC;

• The science party provides all spill prevention, and spill response equipment 

listed by the Safety Data Sheet for each hazardous materials brought aboard; 

• The Chief Scientist ensures that hazardous materials are handled, stored, and 

disposed of per industry standards, state regulations, federal regulations, and 

the Safety Data Sheet;

• Upon completion of the mission, the science party remains responsible for 

removing all hazardous materials they brought aboard, as well as any 

hazardous waste generated by carrying out the mission.

c) Oil or Hazardous Substance Release

Notify the USCG National Response Center of any discharge into the water by 

calling: 1-800-424-8802. Then notify VOC and LOSBO. 

A template Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Response Plan (SOPEP) is 

available on the SBP website. Class III and SRV’s are encouraged to complete a 

SOPEP.
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.02 Pollution Prevention Control

Regulations issued under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act require all small 

boats with propulsion machinery to have a capacity to retain oily mixtures on board,

and be equipped with a fixed or portable means to discharge these oily mixtures to a 

reception facility. On Class A, Class I, and Class II boats a bucket, oil absorbent pads, 

heavy-duty plastic bag, bailer, or portable pump are some of the suitable means that 

meet the requirement for retention on board until transferring the oily mixture to a 

reception facility. 

No person may intentionally drain oil or oily waste from any source into the bilge of 

any small boat. You must immediately notify the U.S. Coast Guard if your small boat 

discharges oil or hazardous substances in the water. Call the Coast Guard National 

Response Center at 1-800-424-8802.

• Management of oily water can be effectively handled using:

• Oil water separator;

• Oil absorbent material;

• Discharged to an onshore facility

• SBOs must develop refueling procedures to prevent accidental spills during 

refueling or maintenance of the small boat. 

• Motorized small boats, when practical, should keep a supply of oil absorbent 

materials onboard to respond to a spill of petroleum products. 

• All hazardous waste generated is managed per federal and state regulations. The 

transportation of hazardous waste must be in accordance with the Department Of 

Transportation regulations. 

.03 Marine Sanitation Devices (MSD)

All small boats with installed toilet facilities must have an operable MSD on board. 

Small boats 65 feet and under may use a Type I, II or III MSD. Small boats over 65 

feet must install a Type II or III MSD. All installed MSDs must be USCG approved. 

USCG approved devices are so labeled except for some holding tanks, which are 

approved by definition under the regulations. 

When operating a small boat on a body of water where the discharge of treated or 

untreated sewage is prohibited by state or federal regulations, the operator must 

secure the device in a manner that prevents any discharge. 

Some acceptable methods are: 

• Padlocking overboard discharge valves in the closed position
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• Using non-releasable wire tie to hold overboard discharge valves in the closed 

position 

• Closing overboard discharge valves and removing the handle

• Locking the door, with padlock or keylock, to the space enclosing the toilets 

(for Type I and Type II only)

.04 Vessel General Permits

A Vessel General Permit is required to be maintained on all NOAA small boats 79 

feet or greater in length that discharge in waters of the United States to be in 

compliance with the provisions of the Clean Water Act, as amended (33 U.S.C. 1251 

et seq.) The Vessel General Permit applies to discharges incidental to the normal 

operation of all small boats. The Clean Water Act allows states to provide different, 

more stringent requirements for discharges into their state’s waters and must be taken 

into consideration when a Vessel General Permit is required.

The Vessel General Permit contains effluent limits for different types of discharges 

including deck runoff, bilge water, and gray water. Contact the SBP for further 

guidance and Vessel General Permit template.
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SECTION 16 MAINTENANCE PLAN

This section establishes responsibility and objectives for the maintenance of NOAA small 

boats. It provides guidance on key elements of a maintenance plan to be developed by each 

operating unit; customized to their unique requirements, small boat complexity and resources.

Maintenance of small boats is a critical component of the SBP and is integral safety and 

reliability. Proper maintenance assures maximum life cycle value and helps minimize 

environmental impact. It must be recognized that compromised small boat material condition 

or system performance is often a contributing factor to safety incidents and accidents. An 

effective maintenance program preserves safety margins and improves overall mission 

quality, capability, and reliability. 

A standardized, program wide, maintenance program is beyond the scope of this Manual and 

is not practical due to the diverse platforms and operational resources; however, the SBP does 

require each operational unit to develop plans for maintenance of their small boats in 

accordance with the general guidelines of this section.

.01 Maintenance Plan Elements

Structure and manage maintenance plans for NOAA boats to recognize the inherent 

performance, safety, and reliability levels of the boat design. This is accomplished by 

establishing a detailed plan for scheduled preventative measures, inspection and 

testing frequency, timely repair and performance documentation. 

Place emphasis on comprehensive planning, resourcing, and scheduling these tasks. 

Proper planning and execution maintains warranties, reduces unscheduled 

maintenance events, increases asset availability, and allows for an orderly progression 

of maintenance actions toward sustaining materiel in a safe and operable condition.

Clearly link maintenance plans to strategic and fiscal planning. Proper maintenance 

can minimize the potential for catastrophic failure and minimize the total cost of 

ownership throughout the life cycle. Budgets must be developed to assure funding for 

scheduled preventative actions and contingencies for emergency repairs. Deferred 

maintenance or operation of compromised equipment must be avoided.

Adopt manufacturer recommendations and industry best practices in maintenance 

plans. Plans include, or reference, approved materials, procedures and identify 

qualified service providers.

Installed systems must be maintained and must not be altered without due 

consideration of potential impacts. Alterations and modifications to these systems 

must be directed by qualified persons and in accordance with Section 12.02 of this 

Manual.

Small boats must present a professional and positive public image. Maintenance 

plans should address the physical appearance through cleaning and painting 
NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual

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schedules. Air and water emissions from engines and machine spaces are minimized 

through proper maintenance of mechanical systems.

The plan minimizes and prevents environmental, safety, and occupational health 

hazards in conducting maintenance activities. Consider occupational, environmental 

and human factors to allow for safe and effective task accomplishment. Include 

hazardous material handling, containment and safety protocols in maintenance 

oversight and training efforts. 

The plan provides a means of recording or logging modifications, servicing, 

inspections and maintenance activities. It should facilitate the collection and analysis 

performance related data such as engine parameters, oil/ fuel /filter usage, and 

measures of noise, heat or vibration. 

The programs must establish procedures to record inspection findings, mechanical 

failures and incidents with a process to develop and track corrective actions. 

.02 Responsibilities

The development and execution of the small boat maintenance plan is the combined 

responsibility of the OIC, VOC and Program Director associated with each boat.

The Program Director assures that a plan is developed to the general guidelines 

established in this Section. The Program Director is responsible for allocating 

resources (budget, personnel and time) that supports the objectives and requirements 

of the established maintenance plan.

The VOC, in cooperation with operators and technical resources, develops the 

structure, details and procedures of the maintenance plan. The format should be 

appropriate for the complexity of their boats and operations. The VOC assures that 

corrective measures are implemented for all casualties and that preventative tasks are 

performed as prescribed.

OIC’s provides documentation of performance measures, deficiencies and incidents 

relating to the operation and condition of each boat. In conjunction with the VOC, the 

OIC assures that deficiencies have been appropriately mitigated or corrected prior to 

underway operations.

The Program Director, VOC and OIC have the responsibility and authority to remove 

a boat from service, or restrict its operation accordingly, when deferred maintenance 

or deficiencies adversely affect design performance, reduces safety margins, hull 

integrity or compromises the reliability of critical systems.

.03 SBP Support for Small Boat Maintenance

The SBP is available to advise or assists any VOC needing assistance with repairs or 

researching vendor quotes.
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SECTION 17 ACCIDENT AND DAMAGE REPORTING

.01 Definitions

a) Incident / Accident

An unplanned event or series of events, which results in one of the following:

• Injury to Personnel, or occupational illness

• Damage or loss of NOAA property, not incidental to normal operations,

including findings that have the potential to cause damage

• Damage to public or private property, and/or injury or illness caused by 

NOAA operations (e.g. NOAA had a causal or contribution role in the 

accident)

• Damage to the environment, hazardous material spill, impact on ecosystems, 

protected species

b) Near miss: An event or circumstance that, if allowed to progress without 

interruption and/or without last minute intervention, would have resulted in an 

incident. Events or circumstances that approach and compromise safety margins.

c) Casualty, Damage and Conditions Found: material condition of boats or 

equipment that has been compromised, breached, or rendered inoperable due to 

events or conditions other than normal wear and expected life cycle.

.02 Reporting Responsibilities

a) Property Damage

The OIC must follow the tables below to report all incidents to the VOC. The 

VOC assures that the incident is reported to the listed investigative authority and 

the LOSBO.

The LOSBO must review the details of the VOC’s report and determine if the loss 

or damage is incidental to normal operations. Damage and loss not considered to 

be incidental to normal operations must be reported to SECO. 

b) Bodily Harm

For Bodily Harm, the individual’s supervisor must report directly to SECO.

c) Environmental Harm and Hazardous Release

All small boats must maintain an inventory log of hazardous materials and 

quantities. 

A template SOPEP is available on the SBP website.
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d) Protected Species

Regulations and reporting concerning protected species vary according to 

operating area. OICs must report strikes to VOC/LOSBO. For regulations, see 

http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/.

The SBP must comply with all permitting and regulatory requirements of NOAA 

Trust Resource laws including but not limited to the Endangered Species Act, the 

Marine Mammal Protection Act, and the National Marine Sanctuaries Act.

.03 Notification Chain and Timelines

Table 1: Property Damage

Near Miss Property 

Damage 

< $20k

Property 

Damage

$20k-$200k

Property Damage

$200k-$1M

Property Damage > 

$1M and Loss of 

Asset

Procedure Unclassed

OIC must 

notify VOC 

as soon as 

practical.

VOC may 

elevate to 

LOSBO.

Class D 

incident

OIC must 

notify VOC 

as soon as 

practical.

VOC must 

notify VPC, 

LOSBO, and 

Program 

Director 

within 7 

days.

Class C incident

OIC must notify 

VOC

immediately.

VOC must 

notify VPC, 

LOSBO, and 

Program 

Director within 

7 days.

Class B incident

OIC must notify VOC 

immediately.

VOC must notify VPC, 

LOSBO, and Program 

Director within 24 

hours.

Class A incident

OIC must notify VOC 

immediately.

VOC must notify VPC, 

LOSBO, and Program 

Director within 8 

hours.

Reporting

Mechanism

LOSBO will review email summary, and direct 

VOC to elevate to SECO as necessary.

Report to SECO https://secure.seco.noaa.gov

Investigation 

Authority

VOC Program 

Director / 

VOC

Program 

Director / VOC

Director, OMAO Director, OMAO with 

NOAA SECO
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Table 2: Bodily Harm

Near Miss First Aid Only Injury Beyond 

First Aid

Serious Injury / 

Fatality

Definition See definition 

above

One time, short term 

treatment. Given on 

site by personnel 

without significant 

training.

Significant injury or 

occupational illness 

diagnosed by 

licensed health care 

professionals. 

Includes lost time.

Inpatient 

hospitalization > 24 

hrs. Amputation or 

disfigurement. Death.

Procedure Unclassed

OIC must notify 

VOC as soon as 

practical.

VOC may 

elevate to 

LOSBO.

Unclassed

OIC must notify VOC

as soon as practical.

VOC must notify VPC, 

LOSBO, and Program 

Director within 7 days.

Class C or D 

incident

OIC must notify 

VOC immediately. 

VOC must notify 

VPC, LOSBO, and 

Program Director 

within 24 hours.

Class A or B incident

OIC must notify VOC 

immediately. 

VOC must notify 

VPC, LOSBO and 

Program Director

within 8 hours.

Federal 

Procedure

Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Program Director

must notify OSHA 

within 8 hours. 

(1-800-321-6742)

Reporting

Mechanism

Email summary Report to SECO https://secure.seco.noaa.gov

Investigation 

Authority

VOC Program Director

/VOC

Program Director

/VOC

Director, OMAO with 

NOAA SECO

Table 3: Environmental Harm and Hazardous Release 

Near Miss (includes 

spill inside within the 

small boat)

Spill < Federal/State 

Reportable Quantity

Spill > Federal/State 

Reportable Quantity

Definition A spill that had the 

potential to occur, but did 

not actually occur.

A spill that occurred, but 

did not exceed federal or 

state Reportable 

Quantities 

A spill that occurred, and 

exceeded the federal or state 

Reportable Quantities.

NOAA Procedure Unclassed 

OIC must report to VOC

within 24 hours. 

VOC must notify VPC, 

LOSBO, and Program 

Director within 7 days.

Class C or D incident

OIC must report to VOC

within 24 hours. 

VOC notify VPC, 

LOSBO, and Program 

Director within 7 days.

Class A or B incident

OIC must report to VOC 

immediately. 

VOC must notify VPC, 

LOSBO, and Program 

Director within 8 hours.

Federal 

Procedure

Not Applicable Not Applicable VOC must report to National 

Response Center (1-800-424-

8802)

State Procedure As Applicable As Applicable Reportable quantities and the 

entity to report to vary by 

state. 

Reporting

Mechanism

Email summary Report to SECO https://secure.seco.noaa.gov

Investigation 

Authority

VOC VOC / Program Director Director, OMAO
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NOTE: There are over 800 chemicals that fall under the Comprehensive 

Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. Release of these 

chemicals must be reported to NOAA, the federal government, and the individual 

state. Reportable quantities of chemicals can be found on individual Safety Data 

Sheet, and under 40 CFR 302.4, Table 302.4 – Designation OF Hazardous 

Substances.

.04 Investigation Authority

The Program Director or VOC must initiate an investigation for all Class C and D 

small boat incidents consistent with NAO 209-1A. Findings and recommendations 

resulting from this investigation are made available to the Program Director, LOSBO, 

VPC, VOC and SBPM.

The Director, OMAO initiates an investigation for Class A and B small boat incidents 

consistent with NAO 209-1A, Section 7.09 – NOAA Occupational Safety and Health. 

Findings and recommendations resulting from this investigation are made available to 

the Program Director, LOSBO, VPC, VOC, SBPM, AA, Director, OMAO and 

NOAA SECO.

All investigations details and reports are considered confidential documents and are

not to be widely distributed unless personal information has been redacted.

.05 SBSB Review

The SBSB charter requires Board review of all incident and accident reports. The 

SBSB must assure that appropriate investigative and corrective actions have been 

taken. Identifying lessons learned is key to all incident investigations. The 

investigation team will develop lessons learned and suggested corrective actions. The 

SBP will distribute these findings throughout the community, either directly, or via 

the Accident Reporting section of the SBP website. The identity of the small boat, 

personnel, and program facility associated with the accident will be redacted.
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SECTION 18 WEIGHT LIFTING EQUIPMENT CERTIFICATION AND 

MAINTENANCE

.01 Applicability

a) Capacities and Limits

This section describes the full rated capacities and Working Load Limit (WLL) 

limits of booms, cranes, davits, A and J frames, and winches on NOAA small 

boats. It also defines the purpose and extent of tests, inspections, and safety 

precautions for this equipment. This Manual does not take into consideration the 

effects of other loading forces (boat acceleration and moment, drag, and snags) 

that may increase the total weight being supported by an apparatus and associated 

components. An operational risk assessment must be conducted before using any 

weight handling apparatuses per Section 5 of this Manual.

b) NOAA, Office of Federal Agency Programs, and OSHA References

All small boats having booms, cranes, davits, frames, and winches used for weight 

lifting must comply with the requirements of this document, except as indicated 

within this section and references below.

• NOAA Administrative Order 209-1

• SBSPM Section 6

• 29 CFR 1960 - Basic Program Elements for Federal Agencies

• 29 CFR 1919.1 - Gear Certification – Purpose and Scope

• 29 CFR 1919 Subpart C - Duties of Persons Accredited to Certificate 

Vessels Cargo Gear

• 29 CFR 1919 Subpart D - Certification of Vessels Cargo Gear

• 29 CFR 1919 Subpart E - Tests and Proof loads

• ASME B30 - Standards Committee on Cranes and Related Equipment

.02 Definitions

Booms and Frames: A structural member used for lifting, transferring or supporting 

heavy weights. The lower part of the boom or frame is supported by a bracket or step 

allowing the boom or frame to pivot while transferring loads to structure. Rigging 

mounted on ships structure supports booms and frames

Crane and Davit: A machinery arrangement or self-contained structure, with 

associated reeving suitable for lifting loads through several dimensions of motion.

Winch: A stationary motor-driven or hand-powered machine used for hoisting or 

hauling, having a drum that wounds a manmade rope, wire rope, or chain attached to 

the load being moved.
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WLL: This is the maximum weight safely handled by an apparatus and all associated 

components used in conjunction with an apparatus, with the maximum authorized 

number of parts in the main purchase. An apparatus’s WLL may be limited by the 

maximum rating of a component used in conjunction with an apparatus.

Static Load Test: A load test conducted on newly installed, structurally repaired (e.g. 

by welding) or structurally overhauled (e.g. replacement of major structural sections) 

systems where a test weight equivalent to 125% of WLL is applied as a force by 

external means and held for not less than 5 minutes, to demonstrate structural 

adequacy of the equipment and foundation. No part of the equipment, fittings, and 

structure must take a permanent set, nor degradation of any operating or control 

function occur as a result of the test.

.03 Boom, Crane, Davit, Frame, and Winches Inspections

Unless more specific guidance is provided by the manufacturer, inspections and 

overhauls are conducted using guidance contained herein from 29 CFR 1919 - Gear 

Certification. Pre-mission Inspection is conducted by the boats crew before each day 

of operational use. 

Annual Inspections may be conducted by experienced unit personnel and does not 

require an OSHA accredited person as per 29 CFR 1919 - Gear Certification. 

Quadrennial Inspections (4 years) only apply to weight handling equipment rated for 

a WLL of greater than 200 pounds, and is completed by an OSHA accredited person 

for inspecting marine equipment as per 29 CFR 1919.11 - Recordkeeping and 

Accredited Persons. For a list of marine accredited inspectors, see the SBP website.

a) Inspection Schedule

Inspection frequency includes Pre-mission Inspection, Annual, and Quadrennial 

(4 years) basis per 29 CFR 1919- Gear Certification. A grace period of 6 months 

is allowed for Quadrennials as per 29 CFR 1919.18 - Grace Periods.

• Pre-mission Inspection

• General. The intent of this inspection is to conduct a visual inspection of 

the apparatus, rigging, and other critical equipment parts that could result 

in loss of life or equipment damage if failure occurs before each mission.

• A visual inspect of a boom, crane, frame, or winch and all sheaves, 

swivels, blocks, block hangers, pad eyes, connecting links, shackles, 

hooks, wire, ropes and associated pins for corrosion, wear, deformation, 

cracks and any other condition that may lead to failure.

• Upon completion of the visual inspection, results must be logged or 

recorded to indicate inspection was conducted. Any deficiencies or 

limitation to the equipment on board must be reported immediately to the 

VOC before departure.
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• Annual Inspection and Test Requirements

• General. The intent of this inspection is to ascertain the safety of the 

rigging and other critical equipment parts that could result in loss of life or 

equipment damage if failure occurs.

• In general, the inspection must include all wire and manmade rope, 

fittings, block fittings, hooks, links, shackles and associated pins, 

swivels, boom and frame pad eyes, hoist control linkages, brake 

springs and linkages.

• Any visible permanent set or deformation in the form of bent pins, 

elongated holes, bent or distorted staples and pad eyes are clear 

indications of overload or improper rigging. Any permanent set or 

deformation must be reported, and the rig should not be used until the 

cause is found and corrected. The operator should also be aware of 

recurring cracks in paint, particularly in areas of high stress corrosion. 

To inspect for surface cracks, remove paint and wire brush clean

surfaces.

• The following requirements are generic in nature, and are included in 

inspections as applicable in 29 CFR 1919 - Gear Certification.

• Cradle or securely position the boom, crane, davit, or frame and 

remove all wire or manmade rope. Inspect the wire or manmade rope 

per 29 CFR 1919.24 - Limitations on the use of wire rope.

• Visually inspect all sheaves, swivels, blocks, block hangers, pad eyes, 

connecting links, shackles, hooks, winches and associated pins for 

corrosion, wear, deformation, cracks and any other condition that may 

lead to failure. Inspection of sheaves includes sheave gage wear 

measurement IAW 29 CFR 1919 Subpart E - Certification of Vessels: 

Tests and Proof Loads.

• Do not disassemble blocks, topping lift, vang swivels or equivalent 

devices unless there is reason to suspect damage, wear, corrosion, or 

marginal condition when last overhauled. Inspect hoist and rotating 

gear brake springs and linkage, where appropriate. Carefully check 

brake springs for permanent set and compression, and replace if 

necessary.

NOTE: (As applicable) Failure of brake springs in service can result 

in loss of control or release of load. Inspect hydraulic or pneumatic 

hoses for ballooning, cracking and corrosion. Inspect electrical wiring 

and connections for corrosion. Inspect brake solenoids and switches 

for corrosion and contact wear.

• Inspect and lubricate all moving parts and wire rope per the 

manufacturer technical manual or Preventive Maintenance System.

• Replenish the gear lube in the self-contained reservoir gearboxes if 

they have less than five gallons of lube oil. If possible, drains will be 

opened and the boxes checked for condensation at the bottom of the 

tanks. Check any magnetic plugs, if equipped, for particles. Draw oil 

samples of gearboxes with capacities in excess of five gallons for 

analysis as per good engineering practice.
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• Visually inspect all deck and bulkhead pad eyes, links, chocks, cleats, 

bits, and mounting bolts. Where inspection indicates possible fractures, 

deformation or corrosion, a more detailed inspection must be 

conducted.

• Quadrennial Inspection (only applies to equipment with a WLL of greater than 

200 pounds).

• General. The intent is to accomplish the annual lifting inspection above, 

and inspect all major components whose performance or mechanical 

condition may have deteriorated. Disassembly may also be 

recommended and included in the inspection of other components whose 

performance is not affected by normal wear but whose failure could 

result in damage, injury or loss of life. Examples of these are reduction 

gears, goosenecks, topping fittings, and sheave pins. Disassembly of 

such items only needs to be carried out to the extent required to conduct 

the inspection. For example, it is not necessary to totally disassemble a 

reduction gear equipped with inspection plates that permit measurement 

of backlash and observable wear patterns. Outside appearance is not 

necessarily indicative of the mechanical condition of the equipment.

• The following requirements are generic in nature and may be required by 

an OSHA accredited person as per 29 CFR 1919.11(d) – Recordkeeping 

and Related Procedures Concerning Records in custody of Accredited 

Persons and CFR 1919.12 - Recordkeeping and Related Procedures 

Concerning Records in custody of the Vessel. The attending accredited 

person determines the extent of disassembly required. Specific guidance 

in the manufacturer’s technical manual takes precedence. Remove the 

arm, boom, or frame, disassembling the connection, between the boom or 

frame and the small boat that allows slewing motion.

• Disassemble and inspect topping lifts, vangs, swivels, all blocks, hoist 

brakes, locking pawls, slewing gear, and pinion gear shafts and 

bearings. Check all pin, bearings, gears and sheaves for compliance 

with dimensional tolerances shown on the original equipment 

drawings.

• Replace wire rope, as required. Replace wire rope if the total number 

of visible broken wires exceeds 10 percent of the total number of 

wires, or if the rope shows excessive wear, corrosion, or defects.

• Inspect brake linings and brake discs, if applicable.

• Inspect backlash and gear pattern in gear boxes that are equipped with 

inspection plates per manufacturer’s instruction manuals.

• Perform a static test (125% of WLL Limit) on all equipment or 

bulkhead mounted links and pad eyes used in the boom and frame 

systems for 5 minutes.

• Visually inspect and non-destructively examine cleats and bitts 

associated with boom and frame systems using dye penetrant or other 

method deemed suitable.
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.04 Overhauls

Significant overhaul of primary components may require a quadrennial inspection 

after reinstallation. At minimum, conduct Rated Load Test (100% of WLL Limit) 

while underway to prove the installation of a wire and manmade rope, fitting, or other 

repair conducted underway.

.05 New or Altered Structures and equipment

Before installing any new boom, crane, davit, frame, or winch on board a small boat, 

the VOC must contact the SBPM for assistance. The replacement of components in 

kind does not require the VOC to contact the SBP, but the below steps are required to 

be completed before use.

• Test commercially manufactured apparatuses and components at 125% of the 

intended use. Include rotation of the test load through a range of motion that 

the equipment is required to perform in service. The weight handling system 

must be able to stop, start, and hold the test load at any position within the 

service area.

• First, test experimental and in-house constructed apparatuses and components 

at 150% of the designed working load limit. Include rotation of the test load 

through a range of motion that the equipment is required to perform in service. 

The weight handling system must be able to stop, start, and hold the test load 

at any position within the service area.

• Conduct a Rated Load Test (100% of Working Load Limit) while underway to 

prove the installation of a wire and manmade rope, fitting, or other repair 

conducted underway.

.06 Safety

a) Stability Documentation

• Small boats with booms, cranes, davits, frames, or winches should have small 

boat stability documentation, which addresses the stability of the small boat 

with the weight handling equipment in use.

• Where the stability of the small boat limits the operational capability of the 

weight handling equipment, prominently display a graphic safety placard at 

the equipment operator’s station describing the limitation, and graphically 

show the safe working zone and working load limit while operating at sea.

• When considering a boat’s stability characteristics during testing procedures, 

maintain specified test loads within limits that can be handled safely. If any of 

the test loads result in an excessive list or the immersion of the deck edge, 

reduce the load accordingly to stay within those limits.

• Label Plates. Install engraved or stenciled label plates on small boats booms, 

cranes, davits, and frames to document the WLL, test weights, and date of 

certification of the load test.

• Safety Precautions. The following safety precautions must be observed 

when conducting weight handling equipment tests.
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• To prevent excessive damage in the event of equipment failure during tests, 

place dunnage under test loads and keep each load as close to the deck as 

possible.

• Test or stamp wire ropes, slings, straps, chains, rings, shackles, and other 

loose gear with weight tested limits by the manufacturer as per 29 CFR 

1919.31 - Proof Tests-Loose Gear.

• To prevent loads from moving off center in the event of a casualty, rig tag

lines or cables athwartships from the test load. At minimum, the breaking 

strength of the tag lines must be greater than or equal to the test load.

b) Documentation of Test Results

At the completion of a quadrennial inspection by an OSHA certified inspector, the 

inspector issues documentation as to what was inspected, references inspected to, 

and final working load limit and any deficiencies noted.

The results of the inspections and tests prescribed must be logged or recorded to 

indicate inspection was conducted.

Stencil the date and type of the most recent inspection on the boom, crane, davit, 

or frame in the vicinity of the Label Plate, in a position clearly legible by any 

individual.
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SECTION 19 RIGGING AND PROOF TESTING

The handling of weights onboard small boats impacts personnel safety, small boat stability,

and equipment operation. Over the side lifting and towing operations from a floating platform 

can magnify the dead weight mass of instrumentation or nets, resulting in significant forces. 

Managing the selection, use, and condition of associated gear is critical to safe and efficient 

operation under these conditions. 

Principle Elements for Safe Rigging:

• Identify component ratings

• Maintain material condition

• Review system design and identify limitations

• Communicate potential hazards and take mitigation actions

All elements of small boat rigging used to control, haul, tow, or secure a load must meet the 

requirements of this section. These components include winches, blocks, wire and synthetic 

rope, chain, slings, hooks, eye bolts, clips and shackles.

.01 Identification and Traceability

Use only marked, traceable, or proof tested components.

• Marked - permanently identified with name or trademark of manufacturer, 

rated load, and size

• Traceable – documentation is on file to reference capacity limitations and 

manufacturer’s recommendations

• Proof Tested – Mark custom or experimentally designed grabs, hooks, clamps, 

or other lifting devices, and similar materials to indicate the WLL and prooftested, before use, to 150% of the determined rated load.

Each small boat must maintain a record of rigging components and their rated 

limitations. This information must be available to personnel engaged in the design and 

use of load handling systems. An example of how to log rigging components, and 

their rated limitations is available on the SBP website.

Where practical, load limitations of rigging components should be communicated to 

users through permanently affixed tags, color coding or placards.

.02 Inspection

Load handling systems are subject to degradation from exposure, wear, and fatigue 

from the dynamic forces encountered on a floating platform. Frequent inspection of 

material condition is required to identify compromised or failing components.

• First inspect rigging components for the load capacity marked by the 

manufacturer or documentation stating load limitations. Manufacturers must 

meet US standards.
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• Inspect rigging components before each use.

• Rigging systems should be subsequently tested per with Section 18 of this 

Manual, of this Manual, or be in accordance with recommendations of the 

rigging manufacturer and the equipment manufacturer. 

• Do not load rigging equipment in excess of its recommended WLL 

• Remove defective rigging from service.

• Hooks, shackles, rings, pad eyes, and other fittings that show excessive 

wear or have been bent, twisted, or otherwise damaged are defective.

• Visually inspect wire and synthetic ropes for defects such as abrasions, 

broken strands, kinks, excessive wear, or crushed cable that 

compromise rated capacity and are considered defective

• Make all eye splices per the manufacture’s guidance and instructions. 

• Fit rope thimbles of proper size in the eye, except that in sling eyes. 

• Use only alloyed and capacity rated chain in rigging. 

• Hooks and shackles used in rigging should have provisions to be mechanically 

secured such as spring loaded retainers, locking pins, zip ties or wire 

moussing. 

• Only load eye bolts in the plane of the eye and do not load at angles of less 

than 45° to the horizontal.

• Permanently affix identification on purchased slings and lifting straps stating 

size, grade, rated capacity, and sling manufacturer

• Verify drums, sheaves, and pulleys are smooth and free of surface defects that 

may damage rigging. Verify associated wire or synthetic rope is a size in 

accordance with the equipment design.

• Winch drums must have sufficient rope capacity with recommended rope size 

and reeving to perform the intended hoisting and lowering functions. Rope 

capacities and terminations must be in accordance with the manufacturer’s 

recommendations.

.03 System Review and Risk Management

Changes in configuration and mission applications require careful review of the 

system design and limitations. Before each use, small boat personnel must assure that 

the configuration is in accordance with component WLL and design applications. 

This review should include:

• Determine the load dead weight of gear and estimate its center of gravity 

• Estimate the potential for high catch weights when using nets

• Identify WLL of all system components

• Identify and monitor the system weakest link

• Establish a means of restraining loads 

• Provide for personal protection 

• Identify of hazard zones

• Consider potential impact on stability and operation of the small boat

• Reference equipment manufacturer recommendations, intended use and best 

management practices
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• Communicate the details of the rigging plan and associated risks to embarked 

personnel

• Consider mitigating steps and provisions to secure or release a load in an 

emergency
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APPENDICES
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Appendix A: NAO 209-125: NOAA SMALL BOAT SAFETY PROGRAM

NAO 209-125

Eff: 4/23/08; Iss: 5/12/08

NOAA SMALL BOAT SAFETY PROGRAM

SECTION 1. PURPOSE.

.1 The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has a responsibility 

to provide a safe working environment for its workforce and for partners who are 

exposed to the risks associated with using small boats owned and/or operated by NOAA. 

This is consistent with NOAA Administrative Order (NAO) 209-1, NOAA Safety Policy. 

The purpose of this Order is:

a. to make small boat safety the number one priority for all small boating operations;

b. to ensure small boats meet NOAA's seaworthiness and operational safety standards;

c. to establish a comprehensive NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual 

(hereafter, "the Manual");

d. to establish a NOAA Small Boat Safety Board (SBSB);

e. to establish a Small Boat Program (SBP);

f. to foster and facilitate collaboration within NOAA and with outside partners having a 

common interest in safe, efficient, and environmentally sound small boat operations; and

g. to encourage a corporate culture that values the skilled small boat operator, 

encourages the distribution of information, seeks a quality approach, shares commitment, 

and seeks to manage operational risk.

.2 This is a complete revision and update to NAO 217-103, Management of NOAA 

Small Boats. Significant changes in this Order include: re-titling and renumbering of the 

Order to place it in the NAO Series' chapter on safety; revising and updating the policies 

for small boat safety; and introducing and authorizing issuance of the NOAA Small Boat 

Standards and Procedures Manual and prescribing that its contents will expand upon 

safety issues covered in this Order and will cover the non-safety matters previously 

addressed in NAO 217-103.
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SECTION 2. SCOPE.

This Order applies:

a. to all NOAA small boats as defined in Section 6.01 of this Order;

b. to all NOAA personnel who operate any small boat in the performance of their official duties; 

and

c. to all individuals who operate NOAA small boats.

SECTION 3. POLICY.

.1 The NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual (the Manual) will consist of a 

broad programmatic core Manual having NOAA-wide application and by Supplemental 

Small Boat Policy (SSBP) and Small Boat Operating Manuals (SBOMs) developed by 

NOAA Programs (defined herein) to address their peculiar program and/or mission

requirements.

a. Issuance of the Manual is in compliance with NAO 200-3, The NOAA Administrative Order 

Series.

b. The Manual augments and supplements the policies, procedures, and guidelines in this Order 

and is intended to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness of NOAA's SBP by providing for 

the timely development and issuance of programmatic materials to the small boat community.

c. The core elements of the Manual apply to all individuals and Programs involved with 

NOAA's small boats and has the same force, effect, and authority as this Order. These core 

elements shall be developed and maintained by the SBSB. An electronic edition of these 

elements will be available for viewing at the link to the Small Boat Program found on the Office 

of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO) webpage at http://www.omao.noaa.gov/.

d. The Supplemental Small Boat Policy (SSBP) and Small Boat Operating Manuals (SBOMs) 

also have the same force, effect, and authority as the core Manual; however, they are developed 

by NOAA Programs and are applicable only to their specified Program and/or mission.

.2 At a minimum, all small boats and their required inventories shall be inspected annually and, 

additionally, in accordance with individual requirements developed under the Manual and/or by 

NOAA Programs under the SSBP and/or SBOM.

.3 All operators of NOAA small boats shall be trained and certified based on small boat size, 

engineering complexity, nature of operations, and operating area. NOAA-wide training 

requirements are defined in the core of the Manual; Program- and mission-related requirements 

are defined in the SSBP and/or the SBOM.

.4 NOAA small boats shall be operated in a safe and environmentally conscious manner.
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.5 NOAA small boats shall be maintained in a seaworthy condition and be fit for the mission 

intended.

.6 Appropriate safety training and life saving equipment resources shall be provided to 

personnel operating or embarked on NOAA small boats.

.7 NOAA small boats shall be used only for official government purposes.

.8 Any incident or near-miss concerning a NOAA small boat must be reported in accordance 

with NAO 209-1, NOAA Safety Policy, and any additional requirements in theManual.

.9 NOAA small boats shall conform to the visual identification and registration requirements 

provided in the Manual.

.10 A waiver is a written authorization that permits temporary deviation from provisions of this 

Order for strategic or compelling operational requirements. Any Request for Waiver to 

provisions of this Order shall be presented in writing to the SBSB. The SBSB will provide 

guidance to the Director, OMAO, who is the approval authority for all waivers to provisions of 

this Order. See the Manual for additional coverage of Requests for Waiver.

SECTION 4. BACKGROUND.

.1 Operating small boats in support of NOAA missions involves unique associated risks. 

NOAA relies on small boats to achieve mission requirements. There are numerous regulatory 

standards that address small boat safety, but little guidance or few regulations tailored 

specifically to the special mission of small boats or research vessels less than 300 gross tons. 

Current marine standards are derived from international conventions, lessons learned from 

casualties, and advances in technology. As such, the body of regulatory information continues to 

grow and change. Toward this end, this Order seeks to establish a NOAA Small Boat Program 

that is sufficiently fluid to meet varying small boat requirements on a national, regional, and 

local level.

.2 As steward of the Nation's oceans and atmosphere, it is NOAA's intent to comply with, or 

exceed, all applicable regulatory and industry standards and to foster a management culture 

committed to safe and environmentally sound small boat operations based upon the principles of 

risk management.

SECTION 5. RESPONSIBILITY.

.1 The Director, Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO), shall broadly administer 

NOAA's Small Boat Program and shall provide support and resources, and shall recommend 

additional funding sources for its operations. The Director, OMAO, is the final administrative

authority for all matters pertaining to the NOAA Small-Boat Safety Program and its policies, 

procedures, and standards and shall review the contents of the Manual and any subsequent 

updates prior to their issuance. Concurrence will be indicated by signature of the Director on the 

sequentially numbered Transmittal Sheets that will accompany each issuance or update to the
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Manual. The Director may request prior review and concurrence by the Deputy Under Secretary 

for Oceans and Atmosphere prior to authorizing potentially controversial updates.

.2 The Small Boat Safety Board (SBSB).

a. The composition of the SBSB is as follows.

1. Board Members:

(a) Small Boat Program Manager (SBPM) - SBSB Coordinator;

(b) National Marine Fisheries Service representative(s);

(c) National Ocean Service representative(s);

(d) Oceanic and Atmospheric Research representative(s) (also representing National Weather 

Service);

(e) Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO) representative(s);

(f) NOAA Safety and Environmental Compliance Office (SECO) representative(s); and

(g) NOAA Law Enforcement (from various Line Offices)representative(s).

2. Each organization identified in Section 5.02a.1.(b) through (g) of this Order may designate 

one additional board member to the SBSB; however, for voting purposes, each of these 

organizations is entitled to cast a single vote (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research/National 

Weather Service also is entitled to one vote).

b. The SBSB serves in an advisory capacity to the Director, OMAO, and is the technical 

authority for matters pertaining to small boats. The SBSB shall:

1. develop, maintain, review, and approve this Order;

2. prepare, clear, issue, maintain, and distribute the NOAA Small Boat Standards and 

Procedures Manual (the Manual). The SBSB shall review and revise the Manual, as necessary, 

in order to keep it current with applicable policies and regulations and to maintain the ability to 

adapt to changes involving technology and/or safety within the marine community. The Manual, 

and its future updates, will be issued via sequentially numbered Transmittal Sheets;

3. develop, evaluate, and maintain a set of basic qualifications standards for small boat operators 

and crew;

4. approve basic small boat training requirements and approve all policies, standards, and 

operating procedures developed under the Manual (including all SSBP andSBOMs);
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5. establish criteria and tools for small boat operational risk assessments;

6. identify and promote “best in class” safety practices for boat operations;

7. establish minimum criteria for SSBPs and SBOMs;

8. determine reciprocity or substitution of small boat operator and crew qualifications with 

similar qualifications of other agencies, organizations, or training programs;

9. serve as a policy and implementation advisor to the Small Boat Program;

10. evaluate data and trends gathered from operational, inspection, and incident reporting 

statistics and initiate appropriate actions;

11. address other boating-related matters as requested by NOAA management and/or as deemed 

appropriate by the SBSB;

12. inform NOAA management of significant small boat management issues;

13. maintain a compilation of small boat inventory and compliance records;

14. provide subject matter expertise for issues relating to the small boat community;

15. provide guidance to the Director, OMAO, regarding Requests for Waivers to the provisions 

of this Order and of the Manual;

16. respond to questions and concerns raised by the small boat community; and

17. review boating incident/accident reports and initiate appropriate actions.

.3 NOAA Programs. NOAA Programs that own, operate, and/or maintain small boats shall 

comply with this Order and the Manual and are responsible for the following:

a. the safe operation, inspection compliance, life cycle management, and material condition of 

their small boats;

b. developing and maintaining SSBP and SBOMs which are directly related to their unique 

program and mission requirements in order to augment the Manual;

c. conducting and recording Operational Risk Assessments; and

d. designating SBSB representatives and providing adequate time and resources for their 

participation on the SBSB.
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SECTION 6. DEFINITIONS.

.1 NOAA Small Boat. A small boat, as defined in Section 6.06 of this Order, owned, operated, 

or maintained by NOAA. The term includes boats leased, loaned, bare boat chartered (also 

referred to as demise chartered), or operated under any cooperative agreement with other 

government agencies, universities, or scientific organizations by or from NOAA, but does not 

include boats time chartered by NOAA.

.2 NOAA Program. As used in this Order, the term refers to and is synonymous with NOAA 

Line Offices, Staff Offices, and any of their subordinate entities.

.3 NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual. A compilation of instructions, 

procedures, regulations, and guidelines derived from operational risk assessments and best 

management practices applicable to NOAA Small Boats.

.4 Operational Risk Management. A process approach to understanding and dealing with the 

elements of risk associated with operations. Implementing Operational Risk Management 

involves performing risk assessments and implementing corresponding risk controls. Risk 

management is a decision making process that enhances operational capability. The process 

helps the decision maker in identifying hazards, assessing risks, and implementing controls to 

reduce the risk associated with any operation.

.5 Operational Risk Assessment. A process involving identification of risks associated with a 

NOAA small boat's operations and consideration of actions to reduce those risks. Supervision, 

communication, and overall support, operating area, operator experience level, personnel 

physical and mental fitness, weather, and complexity of mission may be factors in the 

assessment.

.6 Small Boat (or Vessel). As used in this Order, includes every description of watercraft less 

than 300 gross tons capable of being used as a means of transportation of persons on water. The 

SBSB will classify vessels by size, nature of operations, and engineering complexity.

.7 Small Boat Inspections. Documented, formal evaluations of a small boat’s material 

condition, inventory, and compliance for which inspection criteria, frequency, and format are 

defined in the Manual.

.8 Small Boat Operating Manual (SBOM). A compilation of instructions, procedures, and 

guidelines specific to each small boat, its mission, and its operating area.

.9 Small Boat Operator (Operator or Coxswain). As used in this Order, any person who 

operates a NOAA small boat as defined in Section 6.01 of this Order.

.10 Supplemental Small Boat Policy (SSBP). A compilation of instructions, procedures, 

regulations, and guidelines derived from operational risk management and best management 

practices conducted by a NOAA Program for specific small boat operations.
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SECTION 7. REFERENCES.

The following reference sources are listed in descending order of hierarchy.

a. NAO 209-125, NOAA Small Boat Program.

b. NOAA Small Boat Standards and Procedures Manual.

c. Supplemental Small Boat Policy (SSBP).

d. Small Boat Operating Manual (SBOM).

SECTION 8. EFFECT ON OTHER ISSUANCES.

This Order supersedes and revokes NAO 217-103, Management of NOAA Small Boats, dated January 

21, 2003, as amended.

/Signed/ Under 

Secretary of Commerce for Oceans 

and Atmosphere

Office of Primary Interest:

Office of Marine and Aviation Operations

Safety and Environmental Compliance Division
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Appendix B: SMALL BOAT SAFETY BOARD CHARTER
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