Directory of Data

Sources on Racial

and Ethnic Minorities

U.S. Department of Labor 

Bureau of Labor Statistics 

1975

Bulietin 1879

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Directory of Data

Sources on Racial

and Ethnic Minorities

U.S. Department of Labor

John T. Dunlop, Secretary

Bureau of Labor Statistics

Julius Shiskin, Commissioner

1975

Bulletin 1879

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, GPO Bookstores, or

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Preface

This BLS bulletin provides users of statistics on racial and ethnic minority 

groups with a comprehensive annotated reference to many sources of data on 

minority groups published by the Federal Government.

The directory identifies and describes a large and diverse number of recent 

demographic, social, and economic data sources published by a number of Federal agencies, and directs users to appropriate sources, consistent with their 

needs. A special feature of this publication is the inclusion of data locater tables in 

the Appendixes, which facilitate the location of minority group data from the 1970 

census, and recent Current Population Surveys.

This directory was prepared by Earl F. Mellor, under the direction of Harvey R. 

Hamel, in the Division of Labor Force Studies, Robert L. Stein, Chief.

Appreciation is expressed to personnel of several government agencies, especially the U.S. Bureau of the Census, for their assistance in the preparation of this 

report.

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Contents

Page

General Introduction.................................................................................................................................................. 1

Introduction of statistical data sources................................................................................................................... 2

Census of Population and Housing: 1970...................................................................................................... 2

Census o f Population: 1970, reports..................................................................................................... 2

Census o f Housing: 1970, rep o rts.................................................................... ..................................... 3

Joint population-housing reports............................................................................................................ 4

Current Population Survey (C PS)................................................................................................................ , 4

The Current Population Survey vs. the Decennial Census: Advantages and Disadvantages............ 5

Other data sources............................................................................................................................................. 6

Section I. Black Am ericans........................................ 7

Introduction......................................................................................................................................................... 7

Reports from the Census of Population and Housing: 1970...................................................................... 8

Census o f Population: 1970, reports..................................................................................................... 8

Census o f Housing: 1970, rep o rts...........................................................................................................15

JoinLpopulation-housing reports............................................................................................. 17

Supplementary Reports.............................................................................. 17

Reports from the Current Population Survey............................................................................................ 19

Data published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics........................................................................... 19

Data published by the Bureau of the Census..................................................................................... 24

Data published by the Department of Agriculture............................................................................ 31

Selected other data sources........................................................................................................................... 31

Section II. Persons of Spanish ancestry.............................................................................................................. 35

Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 35

Reports from the Census of Population and Housing: 1970 .................................................................... 37

Census o f Population: 1970, reports..................................................................................................... 37

Census o f Housing: 1970, rep o rts........................................................................................................ 43

Joint population-housing reports........................................................................................................... 44

Supplementary Reports........................................................................................................................... 45

Reports from the Current Population Survey......................................................................... 46

Data published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics........................................................................... 46

Data published by the Bureau of the Census..................................................................................... 47

Selected other data sources........................................................................................................................... 49

Section III. Races other than black...................................................................................................................... 52

Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 52

Reports from the Census of Population and Housing: 1970.................................................................... 52

Census o f Population: 1970, reports..................................................................................................... 52

Census o f Housing: 1970, rep o rts........................................................................................................ 55

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Page

Joint population-housing reports........................................................................................................... 55

Selected other data sources........................................................................................................................... 56

Section IV. Ethnic groups other than Spanish an cestry .................................................................................. 58

Introduction........................................................................................................................................................ 58

Reports from the Census of Population and Housing: 1970 ..................................................................... 58

Census of Population: 1970, reports..................................................................................................... 58

Joint population-housing reports........................................................................................................... 60

Reports from the Current Population Survey.................................... ........................................................ 60

Appendixes:

A. How to find source publications................................................................................................................. 62

B. Locater Guide for national level data in the 1970 decennial cen su s................................................... 64

C. State, area, place, and other sub-national level data in the 1970 cen su s............................................ 73

D. Previously issued sources of data for black Americans from the Current Population Survey........76

E. Subject and report series indexes......................................................................................................... 80

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General Introduction

This directory was planned and developed in 

response to a large number of inquiries regularly 

directed to the Bureau of Labor Statistics by 

minority data users of all types. These include 

private and government officials and analysts, 

m anpow er planners, academ icians, persons 

involved in administering affirmative action and 

other minority employment programs, and other 

persons. These requests typically relate to a wide 

range of subject matter, geographic location and 

detail. The information on minority data sources in 

this directory is directed to the needs expressed by 

many of these data users.

Data sources covered in this directory include 

recent Federal Government publications presenting 

the social and economic characteristics of minority 

groups for the Nation and selected areas based 

primarily on household surveys. These include 

reports from the 1970 Census of Population and 

Housing and from monthly Current Population 

Surveys. In addition, there are references to 

program and establishm ent reports, including 

regular reports prepared by the Equal Employment 

Opportunity Commission, the Civil Service Commission, and selected publications prepared by other 

Federal agencies. Data source listings include publications available to the Division of Labor Force 

Studies as of September 30, 1974.

Federal Government sources of minority group 

statistics not covered in this directory include vital 

and health statistics provided by the National Center 

for Health Statistics in HEW; arrest and prison 

population statistics collected by the Department of 

Justice; school desegregation data compiled by the 

Office for Civil Rights in HEW; and armed forces

statistics collected in the Department of Defense. In 

addition there are numerous federally funded studies 

pertaining to limited areas of the Nation (or areas as 

small as portions of a single city).

There are four major sections to this directory of 

data source publication—blacks, persons of Spanish 

ancestry, other races, and other ethnic groups. The 

first section contains listings of statistics on blacks as 

well as persons classified as “ Negro and other 

races.” This latter classification refers to blacks and 

all other nonwhite races combined. As blacks comprise about 90 percent of “ Negro and other races,” 

data included in this latter category generally reflect 

the social and economic conditions of black Americans.

The second section contains information on 

persons of Spanish ancestry. This m inority 

population is comprised of several ethnic groups and 

may be of any race, however most are white. There 

are several indicators of Spanish ancestry used in the 

p resen tatio n of Spanish A m erican data, (see 

page 35.)

The third section is concerned with minority races 

other than Negro. Data have been published for 

American Indians, Japanese, Chinese, Filipinos, 

Koreans, Hawaiians, Eskimos, and Aleuts. Data 

published as “ other races” (combing all races other 

than white or Negro), are not cited here, as “ other 

races” data do not accurately depict the social and 

economic characteristics of any one other race.

The fourth section cites sources of data for ethnic 

groups other than persons of Spanish ancestry. 

These other ethnic groups may be of any race—most 

are white—and there is more than one indicator of 

ethnicity used in the presentation of ethnic group 

data (see page 58.)

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Introduction of Statistical Data Sources

Census of Population and Housing: 1970

Census of Population: 1970, reports

The Census o f Population: 1970 (PC) reports focus 

on the demographic, social, and economic characteristics of persons and families, while Census o f

Housing: 1970 (HC) publications focus on the 

characteristics of housing units and households. The 

joint population-housing reports that arise from this 

census present material for both areas of interest. 

The subject boundaries are not absolute. Some of the 

PC reports contain selected housing and household 

data and many HC reports include characteristic 

data for persons and families as well as for housing 

units and households.

Each of the three broad groupings is divided into 2 

to 7 “ volumes” or “ series” of publications. Each 

volum e (or series), some sub-divided into 

“ chapters,” contains as few as one, or as many as 

278 individual published reports.

The C ensus o f P opulation: 1970 published 

m aterial is d iv id ed in to tw o v o lu m es— 

Characteristics o f the Population (volume I) and 

Subject R eports (volum e II). Volume 

I consists of 58 “ parts” —number 1 or the “ United 

States Summary,” numbers 2 through 52 for the 50 

States and the District of Columbia1 in alphabetical 

order, and numbers 53 through 58 for Puerto Rico, 

Guam, Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Canal 

Zone, and Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, 

respectively. Each “ part” is a separate hardcover 

book(s) containing from 230 to as many as 3,075 

pages of statistical data and about 70 pages of 

introductory material definitions and explanations of 

terms, facsimiles of questionnaries, and discussions 

of data collection and accuracy. A “ part” contains 

four chapters designated as “ A ” (“ Number of 

In h ab itan ts” ), “ B ” (“ G eneral Population 

C h aracteristics” ), “ C ” (“ G eneral Social and 

Econom ic C h aracteristics” ), “ D ” (“ Detailed

*A11 references in this directory to “ 51 States” refer to the 50

States and the District of Columbia.

Characteristics” ). 2Each chapter (for each “ part” ) 

was first issued as an individual paperbound report in 

four series designated as PC(1)-A, B, C, and D, 

respectively.3

The emphasis of Volume I is statistics for States; 

standard metropolitan statistical areas; urbanized 

areas; cities, towns, and unincorporated places of

1,000 inhabitants or more, and counties. Part I, 

“ United States Summary” , also presents data for 

the Nation, and its four regions and nine divisions.

Volume II is alm ost exclusively devoted to 

providing detailed statistical data on a nationwide 

basis with considerable cross-classification of 

characteristic item s—with occasional data on 

regions, State, areas, and places. The reports in this 

volume concentrate on particular subjects; hence the 

title—Subject Reports. Thirty-nine reports covering 

10 subject areas have been released. Subject areas 

covered are: ethnic and racial groups (seven 

reports), migration (five), fertility (one), marriage 

and living arrangements (five), education (three), 

employment (five, occupation and industry (six), 

income (three), low-income (two), and areas (two). 

The 39 reports contain a total of nearly 15,000 pages 

of statistical tables. Additional Subject Reports may 

be scheduled for future publication.

The seven Subject Reports on ethnic and racial 

groups should be of special interest to the user of this 

Directory, particularly six which have tables of 

alm ost identical form at, thus allowing direct 

comparison of social and economic characteristics 

among the minority groups. The six reports are:

PC(2)-1B “Negro Population”

PC(2)-1C “Persons of Spanish Origin”

PC(2)-1D “ Persons of Spanish Surname”

PC(2)-1E “Puerto Ricans in the United States”

2Parts 54-58 are bound together in one book. Each of these 5

parts contains only 2 chapters, A and B.

3The hardbound volume I, reports, have several distinct advantages over the paperbound reports: (1) durability, (2) centralized

detailed data locater tables inside the front and back covers of

each part, (3) corrections of typographical errors found in the

paperbound edition, and (4) re tabulation of rural nonfarm and

rural-farm data, all of which were erroneous in the PC(1)-C paperbound reports.

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PC(2)-1F “ American Indians”

PC(2)-1G “Japanese, Chinese, and Filipinos in the United

States”

Report PC(2)-1A, National Origin and Language, 

is the principal source of information for ethnic 

groups other than persons of Spanish ancestry; 

however its tables provide only limited format 

comparability to the minority group data presented 

in reports PC(2)-1B through 1G.

Census of Housing: 1970, reports

The 1970 Census of Housing consists of seven 

volum es—H ousing Characteristics fo r States,

Cities, and C ounties; M etropolitan H ousing

Characteristics; Block Statistics; Components o f

Inventory Change; Residential Finance; Plumbing

Facilities and Estimates o f Dilapidated Housing;

and Subject Reports.

Volume I (Housing Characteristics for States,

Cities, and C ounties) consists of 58

“ parts” —Number 1 for the United States Summary, 

numbers 2 through 53 for the fifty States and the 

District of Columbia in alphabetical order, followed 

by Puerto Rico and the outlying territories. Each part 

is a separate hardcover book, except numbers 54 

through 58 which are combined under one cover. 

Each part contains two chapters designated as “ A” 

(“ General Housing Characteristics” ), and “ B” 

(“ D etailed Housing C h aracteristics” ), except 

numbers 54 through 58, which contain only one 

chapter. Each chapter was originally issued as 

individual paperbound rep o rts in two series 

designated as HC(1)-A and B.

The emphasis in Volume I is on statistics for 

States; SMSA’s, urbanized areas; cities, towns, and 

unincorporated places of 1,000 inhabitants or more; 

and counties. Part 1, “ United States Summary,” 

however, presents data for the Nation, its four 

regions, and nine geographic divisions.

The volume II, reports (Metropolitan Housing

Characteristics) cover most of the 1970 census 

housing subjects in considerable detail and with 

cross-classification. Volume II consists of 248 

paperbound books—N um ber 1 is a national 

summary; number 2 through 244 are separate reports 

for each SMS A recognized for the 1970 census, in 

alphabetical order; and numbers 245-248 cover 

SMSA’s in Puerto Rico.

Each report presents data for the SMSA, its 

central city, and all places of 50,000 inhabitants or 

m ore. The sum m ary rep o rt p resents housing 

statistics of the Nation according to metropolitan or

non-metropolitan residence as well as for central city 

or suburban residence within SMSA’s.

The third volume (Block Statistics) presents 

selected characteristics for individual blocks within 

each urbanized area. The 278 publications in this 

series include reports for 236 urbanized areas (in 

many cases block data are presented for adjacent 

territo ry ), and 42 State reports covering the 

communities outside urbanized areas which have 

contracted with the Census Bureau to provide block 

statistics from the 1970 census.

Volume IV (Components o f Inventory Change) is 

a series of 16 paperbound reports-one for each of 15 

major SMSA’s and a United States summary report 

presenting national and regional data. This volume 

contains data on the disposition of the 1960 housing 

inventory and the source of the 1970 inventory. In 

addition, there are cross-tabulations of 1970 and 1960 

characteristics for units which have not changed, as 

well as characteristics of the present and previous 

residence of recent movers. The statistics presented 

in this report are based on information for a sample of 

housing units enum erated in the separate 

Components of Inventory Change Survey conducted 

in December 1970.

Volume V (Residential Finance) is a single 

hardcover report with national and regional data 

regarding the financing of privately owned nonfarm 

residential properties. Data are from a separate 

survey conducted in 1971.

Volume VI, Plumbing Facilities and Estimates o f

D ilapidated H o u sin g , consists of a single 

paperbound rep o rt representing estim ates of 

substandard housing for the N ation, States, 

SMSA’s, cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, and 

metropolitan centers. These data are the sum of the 

counts of housing units lacking some or all plumbing 

facilities and estimates of dilapidated units with 

complete plumbing facilities. The counts are from 

the housing census itself, while the estimates are 

synthetically derived from the data in volume IV.

Volume VII is a series of nine Subject Reports

devoted to furnishing statistical data for the United 

States as a whole—with frequent data on regions and 

occasional data on States, areas, and places. The 

reports in this volume concentrate on particular 

subjects and are analogous to the PC(2) series of 

reports from the population census. The nine reports 

cover cross-classification of such topics as 

household com position, the housing of senior 

citizens, space utilization, structural characteristics, 

housing of recent (1965-70) mover households, 

mobile hom es, geographic aspects of housing, 

cooperative and condominium housing; and the

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housing of selected minority races.

Joint population-housing reports

There are three series of joint population-housing 

reports from the 1970 census designated as PHC(l), 

PHC(2), and PHC(3). Series PHC(l), Census Tracts,

consists of 241 reports—one for each of the 241 

standard metropolitan statistical areas which were 

tracted. These reports contain data on 32,169 census 

tracts in SMSA’s as well as a total of 604 tracts lying 

outside and adjacent to SMSA’s. Census tracts are 

small areas into which cities and adjacent areas have 

been divided for statistical purposes. They are 

generally designed to be relatively uniform with 

respect to population characteristics, economic 

status, and living conditions. The average tract has 

about 4,000 residents, although some tracts may 

have 10,000 or more residents. The individual 

PHC(l) reports vary in size with coverage from as 

few as 13 to as many as 2,896 census tracts.

Series PHC(2), General Demographic Trends for

Metropolitan Areas, 1960 to 1970, consists of 52 

rep o rts—one for each S tate, the D istrict of 

Columbia, and a United States summary. This series 

was the first set of final reports to have been 

completed in the publication program of the 1970 

C ensus. The statistics p resen ted in these 

publications, however, were drawn largely from 

advance reports and generally reappear in the 

PC(1)-B and HC(1)-A final report series. The PHC(3) 

series, E m ploym ent P rofiles o f S elected

Low-Income Areas, consists of 76 reports from the 

Census Employment Surveys taken during the 

period from August 1970 to March 1971 in 60 areas of 

51 cities and in eight rural areas. One report was 

issued for each area. For cities having two or more 

areas, summary reports were issued as well. A total 

of 11 reports cover the low-income areas of New 

York City. In addition a United States Summary 

rep o rt contains data for the 60 urban areas 

combined.4

All reports from the 1970 census are based on 

sample data with the exception of the PC(1)-A, 

PC(1)-B, HC(1)-A, HC(3), and PHC(2) series and a 

portion of the PHC(l) Series, which contain 100 

percent data. Sampling rates were either 5, 15, or 20 

percent except for the separate surveys providing

4Detailed information on the coverage and usage of the PHC(3)

series of reports can be found in Census Employment Survey

User's Guide, BLS Report 420, which can be obtained free of

charge by writing the Office of Information, Bureau of Labor

Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, D.C. 20212.

data for the HC(4), HC(5), HC(6), and PHC(3) series 

of reports.

Since most reported estimates are based on the 5, 

15, or 20 percent samples, they may differ somewhat 

from the figures that would have been obtained if a 

complete (100 percent) census were taken using the 

same schedules, instructions, and interviewers, i.e., 

they are subject to sam pling variability. The 

standard error is primarly a measure of this sampling 

variability. Each report based on sample data 

contains tables of such standard errors of estimates 

as well as instructions for and examples of their use. 

In general, the smaller the number of persons (or 

housing units) with a given characteristic; the 

smaller the base population of a number, percentage, 

or median; the smaller the difference between two 

numbers; or the greater the cross-classification, the 

greater is the need to refer to the standard error 

tables to determine potential sampling error.

Current Population Survey (CPS)

The Current Population Survey (CPS) is the 

source of large portions of data published in three 

major series of publications—Current Population

Reports, Employment and Earnings, and Special

Labor Force Reports.

Current Population Reports (CPR) issued regularly by the Bureau of the Census, consist of 8 subseries of publications—Series P-20, Population 

Characteristics; P-23, Special Studies; P-25, Population Estimates and Projections; P-26, Federal-State 

Cooperative Program for Population Estimates; 

P-27, Farm Population; P-28 Special Censuses; P-60, 

Consumer Income; and P-65 Consumer Buying Indicators.

Employment and Earnings, issued monthly by the 

Bureau of Labor Statistics, contains numerous 

statistical tables of household data collected in the 

CPS. Some of these data are also published by BLS 

in the Monthly Labor Review.

In addition, the Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes a series of reports entitled Special Labor

Force Reports. These are occasional reprints of 

selected articles from the Monthly Labor Review and 

are usually appended with detailed statistical tables 

containing CPS data.

The survey itself consists of a sample of approximately 47,000 occupied households eligible for interview each month, located in 461 areas comprising 

923 counties and independent cities with coverage in

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each of the States and the District of Columbia. Of 

these, about 2,000 occupied units, on the average, 

are visited but interviews are not obtained because 

the occupants are not found at home after repeated 

calls or are unavailable for some other reason.

The 45,000 interviews represent a sampling rate of 

about one-in-fourteen hundred households.

Each month, this survey contains questions on 

labor force and employment items which are tabulated for publication by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in Employment and Earnings. In addition, supplemental questions relating to other social and 

economic characteristics of the work force or of 

particular subgroups therein are included in specific 

months’ surveys. Examples found in such CPS supplements are questions on income, marital status, 

educational attainment and work experience in the 

March survey; usual weekly earnings in the May 

survey; and school enrollment in October. These 

supplemental surveys provide the basis of most BLS 

Special Labor Force Reports and the P-20, P-23, and 

P-60, Series of the Current Population Reports.

The relatively small CPS sample size results in a 

greater degree of sampling variability than is the case 

with the decennial census. This is particularly true 

for minority group statistics. Thus, published CPS 

data on minority groups should always be checked 

for statistical reliability (most reports contain special 

tables for this purpose) before conclusions are drawn 

regarding differences among population groups or 

time periods. (See p. 4.)

The Current Population Survey vs. the

Decennial Census: Advantages and

Disadvantages

Each of the two main sources of minority group 

data—the Current Population Survey and the decennial census—have distinct advantages and disadvantages in terms of the amount and availability of published detail and overall usefulness in meeting data 

needs.

The CPS strongest point is the fact that it produces 

current economic statistics on a regular basis 

(monthly, quarterly, and annual averages), some of 

the most useful of which are published just a few 

short weeks after data collection. This provides 

users with a myriad of up-to-date historical labor 

force series, many of which are published separately 

for blacks and whites. CPS statistics on the black 

population are generally available from 1954 to the

present time. Regular data for persons of Spanish 

origin, except for those selected Current Population

Reports and Special Labor Force Reports mentioned elsewhere in this directory, became available on a quarterly basis beginning April 1974. On 

the other hand, although decennial census data include a vastly greater amount of statistical detail on 

blacks; persons of Spanish ancestry, other races, 

and other ethnic origin groups, this wide coverage 

comes at the expense of factors found desirable in 

the CPS. Decennial census data are available only at 

10 year intervals, and there is a much longer time 

period between enumeration and publication. For 

example, some of the more detailed 1970 census 

tabulations at the national level (e.g. most of the 

Subject Reports) were not available until 1973. 

Moreover, during any 10-year period, the economic 

and social conditions of any area’s population often 

change significantly, making decennial census data 

less useful as the decade progresses.

Other advantages of the CPS include the method 

of data collection. CPS data are collected by highly 

trained regular employees of the Census Bureau, 

knowledgeable about survey methods and techniques, under very rigid specifications and tight 

control. Decennial census data, on the other hand, 

w ere, for the m ost p art, collected thru 

self-enumeration of respondents, which is generally 

viewed as a less reliable survey technique. In 

addition, the vast size of the decennial effort 

n ecessitated the hiring of a large num ber of 

temporary enumerators and support staff members. 

This resulted in a much less screened, less trained, 

and less experienced staff than those working in the 

CPS program.

In addition to the advantages of decennial census 

data already cited, another is the fact that the 1970 

census was based on larger (and thus more statistically reliable) samples. Most of the census was based 

on 5, 15, and 20 percent samples, while some demographic and housing data were based on 100 percent 

enumerations. Generally, the 1970 census sample 

was large enough to perm it publication of 

considerable subject matter detail as well as to 

provide data at the State, area, city, and census tract 

levels. Some 100 percent items are even published at 

the city block level. The CPS, on the other hand, 

provides only very limited area detail (10 States, 20 

SMSA’s, and the central cities of 14 SMSA’s) 

annually since 1967, due to its relatively small 

sample size with attendent large standard errors of 

estimate. Thus very limited CPS area detail is 

available for minority group members.

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Other Data Sources

The listings in this directory also include a number 

of data sources other than the 1970 census and recent 

CPS publications. These consist of annual reports on 

private industry employment, and biannual reports 

on Federal Government employment prepared by 

the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission 

and the Civil Service Commission, respectively;

selected reports from the Department of Health, 

Education, and Welfare—the Office for Civil Rights, 

the Social Security Administration, and the National 

Center for Social Statistics; and Bureau of the Census publications from the 1969 Census of Agriculture 

and from a survey of minority business firms taken in

1969. Iii addition, entries are provided for the annually issued Statistical Abstract o f the United States, 

and for the County and City Data Book; both are also 

Census Bureau publications.

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Section I. Black Americans

Introduction

This section contains sources of statistical data on

Black Americans. It should be noted that the concept

of race as used in these data sources, does not denote

clear-cut scientific definitions of biological stock.

Rather it reflects self-identification by respondents

or a determination of race by an interviewer.

In some cases, persons who indicated race as

being other than Negro or black are included in black

population statistics. In the 1970 census, which relied heavily upon mail-back questionnaires, persons

who had furnished such responses as African, colored, Creole (in Louisiana only), Dominican, Ethiopian, Haitian, Jamaican, mulatto, nonwhite,

Trinidadian, or West Indian, among others, were

counted as blacks. Persons other than Negroes or

blacks are also included in the “Negro and other

races” classification of the Current Population Survey. This classification (formerly “ nonwhite” ) includes Negroes and all other “ nonwhite” races, including American Indians, Japanese, Chinese,

Filipinos, etc. However, since blacks comprise

about 90 percent of the “ Negro and other races”

population, social and economic characteristics presented for this racial category generally reflect the

conditions of blacks.

There are numerous sources o f statistical

information on blacks. Almost all of the reports from

the 1970 decennial census, the P-20, P-23, and P-60,

series of Current Population Reports; Special Labor

Force Reports', and Employment and Earnings,

among others, contain tabulations for Negro and

other races. Other statistical series occasionally

present information on blacks, such as the P-25,

P-27, and P-28, series of Current Population Reports,

and various BLS reports and bulletins.

For the user who wants convenient data sources

covering a wide range of social and economic

characteristics of black Americans at the national

level without a large amount of cross-classification

of subject items, there are four reports which fulfill

these requirements. These are the latest of the

Current Population Reports on the “ Social and

Economic Status of the Black Population in the

United States” (Series P-23, No. 48); two reports

from the 1970 Census of Population—General Social

and Economic Characteristics, United States

Summary” (Report P C (l)-C l), and “ Negro

Population” (Subject Report, PC(2)-1B); and BLS

Bulletin 1699, Black Americans: A Chartbook.

One who wants detailed data on blacks at the

national or regional level should find useful the

Census of Population: 1970 “ Detailed Characteristics, United States Summary” (PC(l)-Dl) and many

of the Subject Reports (Series PC (2)). In addition,

some of the United States summary reports from the

Census of Housing: 1970 (HC (1)-A1, HC (1)-B1,

HC(2)-1) and Census of Housing: 1970. Subject Reports (Series HC(7), Reports 1-8) contain selected

population characteristics. Many of the Series P-20

and P-60 Current Population Reports and BLS

Special Labor Force Reports also contain considerable detail at the national level.

Among the best sources for data at the State level

and below are the individual 1970 census State

reports of the PC(1) and HC(1) series; occasional

Subject Reports, particularly those on migration

(PC(2)-2A, B, C, D), and the report on group

quarters (PC(2)-4E); and the Equal Employment

Opportunity Commission’s minority employment

reports.

Information on blacks for areas and places is

located primarily in the State reports indicated

above, the HC(2), Metropolitan Housing

Characteristics Reports, the PHC(l), Census Tracts

series, and the Census Employment Survey reports,

Series PHC(3). Some of the population Subject

Reports, particularly Nos. 4E, 9B, and 10B, have

data at lower than the State level.

Most o f these publications also contain

comparable data for the total population and often

for persons of Spanish ancestry. In many cases there

are also comparable data for whites. Exceptions are

reports from the 1970 Census o f Housing

(HC(1)-HC(7)), the Census Tracts reports (PHC(l)),

and a number of the Census of Population: 1970,

Subject Reports (Series PC(2)) which have little or

no data on whites.

It should be kept in mind that except for areas

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which include large concentrations of minority 

groups (some States and SMSA’s, many large cities, 

and numerous inner city census tracts), the social 

and economic characteristics of the total population 

obtained from the 1970 census and the CPS generally 

reflect those of whites, making comparisons by race 

possible even when published data specifically for 

whites are not available. This is also true of the 

Census of Agriculture data.

Black data sources published by the Equal 

Employment Opportunity Commission, the Civil 

Service Commission, and the Department of Health, 

E ducation, and W elfare generally contain 

comparable tabulations for the total population and 

often for persons of Spanish ancestry.

Reports from the Census of Population

and Housing: 1970

Census of Population: 1970, reports

The Census of Population is divided into two 

volumes—Characteristics o f the Population (PC(1)) 

and Subject Reports (PC(2)). As mentioned in the 

general introduction, Volume I of the Census o f

Population: 1970 contains four chapters. Chapter 

“ A” (“ Number of Inhabitants” ) has no data on 

blacks. C hapter “ B ” (“ G eneral Population 

Characteristics” ) contains a substantial amount of 

statistics for blacks in the U.S. Summary and the 

individual State reports, Numbers 1-52, as well as 

the report on the Virgin Islands, Number 55. Data by 

race were not collected for Puerto Rico, and outlying 

areas other than the Virgin Islands. All chapters, 

“ C” and “ D” reports, other than those for Puerto 

Rico, contain substantial black data, in almost all 

tables.

Most of the data in these reports are presented so 

as to be comparable to those for the total population, 

as well as to data for the white population, in 

instances where white data are presented.

Volume II consists of the 39 currently available 

Subject reports—all but three containing data on the 

black population (those th ree are concerned 

exclusively with other minority groups). One report, 

“ N egro P o p u latio n ” (PC(2)-1B) is devoted 

exclusively to the social, economic, and housing 

characteristics of blacks, while many others devote 

up to 50 percent of their content to the characteristics 

of blacks. In fact, volume II has about as much space 

allocated to statistics for blacks as to those for all 

other individual races and ethnic groups combined.

Volume I (Series PC(1)), Characteristics of

the Population

Series PC(1)-B, “ G eneral P op u la tion

C h a ra c te ris tic s “ . The “ General Population 

Characteristics” reports are based on a 100-percent 

count from the 1970 census. These publications 

present data on age, sex, m arital status, and 

relationship to head of household. Information for 

the black population is given for each SMSA, 

urbanized area, central city, county, county 

subdivision, and place of 1,000 inhabitants or more 

inhabitants. A U nited States sum m ary report 

contains statistics for the Nation and its regions as 

well as summary information on States, areas, and 

larger cities.

As in many of the 1970 census publications, the 

degree of detail is directly related to the size of the 

area covered. Statistics for the Nation and State are 

presented with the greatest detail. For example, the 

age distribution tables in the PC(1)-B reports has 89 

separate age breaks for the States’ and Nation’s 

black population. For SMSA’s, counties, and places 

of 10,000 inhabitants or more, however, the age 

distribution for the black population contains 37 

items. For places of less than 10,000 inhabitants 

there are no age distributions by race.

Series PC(1)-C, “ G eneral S ocial and

Economic Characteristics” . The “ General Social 

and Economic Characteristics” reports present 

sample data covering a wide range of subjects. 

Among the social characteristics covered for the 

black population are age; country of birth or 

parentage; mother tongue; year moved into present 

house, and residence in 1965; school enrollment, 

years of school completed, and vocational training; 

veteran status; family composition; and fertility. 

Economic characteristics include labor force and 

employment status; disability; weeks worked in 

1969; work activity 5 years ago; place of work and 

means of transportation to work; occupation, 

industry, and class of worker; earnings and income; 

and poverty status.

Information on these subjects is presented in 51 

State reports with data for the States, SMSA’s, 

urbanized areas, central cities, and all places of

50.000 inhabitants or more. Similar data with 

substantially less detail are given for those places of

10.000 to 50,000 inhabitants and counties containing 

400 blacks or more. A United States summary report 

contains comparable data for the Nation and its regions.

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Series PC(1)-D, “ Detailed Characteristics” .

This series of reports presents data on the same 

subject areas at the PC(1)-C General Social and 

Economic Characteristics, but in greater detail and 

with considerable cross-classification for the States 

and larger SM SA’s. For exam ple, the school 

enrollment data for blacks at the State level in the 

PC(1)-C reports include only nine age categories and 

five grade-in-school breaks, by sex and type of 

residence. H ow ever, in the “ D etailed 

C haracteristics” reports, the statewide school 

enrollm ent tables have each year of age 

cross-classified with each grade in which enrolled, 

by sex, and type of residence. Each of these reports 

contains a total of eight tables on nativity, mother 

tongue, citizenship and migration; five on education; 

12 on marital status, household characteristics, and 

fertility; 6 on labor force and employment status; 20 

on occupation and industry; and 25 on income, 

earnings, and poverty, in addition to those covering 

other subject areas.

The geographic detail, however, is more limited 

than is the case with the PC(1)-C reports. The 

PC(1)-D reports generally present information on the 

State and SMSA’s of 250,000 inhabitants or more (a 

few exceptions cover SM SA’s and cities with

100.000 or more); while the PC(1)-C series of reports 

present general data for all SMSA’s, all counties, and 

all cities as small as 2,500 inhabitants.

Virtually all tables contain data for the black 

population on a statewide basis; but only those 

metropolitan areas of 250,000 or more with at least

25.000 blacks (with a few exceptions) have data 

covering the black population. A United States 

summary report presents comparable data for the 

Nation and its four geographic regions.

Volume II (Series PC(2)), Subject Reports

R eport PC(2)-1A, “ N a tio n a l O rigin and

Language” . This report includes five tables with 

statistics on the black population. Table 1 has counts 

for blacks according to age, sex, and nativity (total, 

native of native parentage, native of foreign or mixed 

parentage, foreign born). Four other tables present 

social and econom ic characteristics for black 

Americans of indigenous parentage, (about 98 

percent of all blacks), for the United States and its 

four regions, in format comparable to other data in 

this publication on white Americans of indigenous 

parentage, and persons of Spanish language, all 

persons of foreign or mixed parentage, the foreign 

born, and the first and second generation population

of all races from 24 separate countries or areas.

These characteristics, presented for broad age 

groups and by sex, include relationship to head of 

household, marital status, fertility, residence in 

1965, years of school completed, mother tongue, 

labor force participation and employment status, 

occupation, class of worker, income of families and 

unrelated individuals, and poverty status.

Report PC(2yiB, ” Negro Population” . This 

Subject Report presents general social, economic, 

and housing characteristics of the black population 

for the United States, regions, and the 21 States 

having 250,000 blacks or more, the 34 standard 

metropolitan statistical areas with 100,000 blacks or 

more, and the 48 cities having 50,000 blacks or more. 

Many of the data herein have previously been 

included in the PC(1)-B (“ General Population 

Characteristics” ), PC(1)-C (“ General Social and 

Economic Characteristics” ), PC(1)-D (“ Detailed 

Characteristics” ), and HC(1)-A (“ General Housing 

C h a racteristics” ) series of rep o rts. “ Negro 

Population,” however, is particularly useful in three 

ways—(1) as a convenient one-volume source of 

data which otherwise might require the user to 

consult numerous publications; (2) with many tables 

comparable in subject matter and format to those in 

the Census o f Population: 1960, Subject Reports

devoted to blacks and other races; and (3) with 

comparability to other Census o f Population: 1970,

Subject Reports on other minority races and ethnic 

groups (PC(2)-1C through 1G).

Among the social characteristics covered are 

household relationship, marital status, fertility, 

presence and number of children, family size, place 

of birth and residence in 1965, school enrollment, 

and the educational attainment of persons and family 

heads. Economic characteristics include labor force 

status, and employment status of persons and wives 

of family heads; occupation of employed persons 

and family heads; industry of employed persons; 

weeks worked by persons and family heads; hours 

worked by family heads; number of earners in 

families; income of persons and families; type of 

income of families; and the incidence of poverty for 

persons and families. Ten housing characteristics 

also are presented: Tenure, num ber of rooms, 

number of persons, persons per room, number of 

units in structure, year structure built, selected 

equipm ent, autom obile availability, value of 

owner-occupied units, and amount of rent paid.

R eports PC(2)-1C and 1E, “ Persons o f

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Spanish O rigin” and “ Puerto Ricans in the United

States” . Two tables in “Persons of Spanish Origin”

include counts of black persons of Spanish origin for

the United States, regions, geographic divisions, and

States; and counts at the national level according to

nativity status, and type of Spanish origin.

Counts of black persons of Puerto Rican birth or

parentage (covering the same areas as those in

“ Persons of Spanish Origin” ) are published in one

table of Puerto Ricans in the United States.”

Report PC(2)-2A, “ State of B irth” . Data on

black migration according to the region, division,

and State of birth and of 1970 residence are presented

in this report. Seven of the 14 tables present

tabulations by age and sex in varying degrees of

detail—the greatest detail being in two tables which

cross-tabulate sex and age of the population of each

State by division of birth; and sex and age of the

population born in each State by division of

residence in 1970. Also included are data for blacks

living in large SMSA’s according to each of the nine

geographic divisions of birth.

Series (PC(2)-2B, "M obility for States and the

N a tio n ” . This report contains detailed crosstabulations dealing with the 1965 -7 0 mobility of the

population. Data for blacks include mobility status,

and type of mobility (house, county, State, abroad)

by a number of population variables. The latter include single years of age,sex, marital status, household relationship, educational attainment, labor

force participation, employment status, occupation,

presence and number of children, earnings, income,

and the labor force participation and earnings of

wives. Selected housing characteristics also are presented.

Statistics also are provided for blacks according to

region of birth. Included are such characteristics as

age and sex, marital status, type of family, presence

and number of children, fertility, school enrollment

status and relative progress in school, educational

attainment, labor force participation, employment

status, occupation, income, and region of parents’

birth.

Report PC(2)-2C, “ M obility for Metropolitan

Areas” . Mobility for Metropolitan Areas presents

statistics on the movement of persons 5 years old and

over to, from, and within the standard metropolitan

statistical areas during the 5-year period 1965 to

1970. Five tables show such characteristics of black

movers as age and sex, educational attainment,

employment status and occupation, family income,

and fertility. These five tables distinguish among

five-size classes of SMSA’s and between central

cities and suburban areas. Two additional tables

provide similar migration for black non-metropolitan

residents.

Statistics for 65 individual SM SA’s (having

500,000 inhabitants or more) are furnished in two

other tables; and a final group of tables contain

mobility information on the black residents of each

of six major cities.

R eport PC(2)-2D, “ Lifetim e and Recent

Migration". This publication presents statistics on

birthplace, residence in 1965, and residence in 1970

for persons 5 years old and over. Six tables are at the

national level—four of them indicating migration

status of the native and foreign born black

populations by age and sex, according to educational

attainment, occupation, family income, and type of

family. The other national level tables present

migration status of women by number of children

ever born and the migration status of children 8 -17

by their school enrollment status, relative progress

in school, and their father’s educational attainment.

Four additional tables present migration information

by census division and State.

Report PC(2y2E, “ Migration Between State

Economic Areas". This report presents statistics on

the movement of persons 5 years old and over

between State economic areas (SEA)5 during the

period 1965 to 1970. Information on the migration of

blacks is presented in two of its five tables. One of

these shows the number of inmigrants and

outmigrants according to age and sex for each SEA

having a black population of 25,000 inhabitants or

more in 1970. The other shows the number of

inmigrants 5 year old and over to each of these SEA

according to State of residence in 1965 and according

to whether 1965 residence was in a metropolitan or

nonmetropolitan SEA.

Report PC(2y3A, “ Women by Number of

Children Ever Born” . This report includes a large

number of detailed cross-tabulations of black women

by number of children ever born according to a broad

group of social and economic factors. These include

“State economic areas are subdivisions of States, consisting of

single counties or groups of counties that have similar social and

economic characteristics. The United States is divided into 510

such areas.

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age; type of residence; race of husband according to 

race of wife; region of birth, 1965 residence, and 1970 

residence; 1965-70 interregional migration; marital 

status, marital history, and household relationship; 

and educational attainment. Also included are labor 

force p articip atio n , em ploym ent statu s, and 

presence of work disability; occupation; income of 

persons and fam ilies; and selected housing 

characteristics. Some information is presented by 

characteristics of husbands. Coverage is for the 

United States and frequently for regions.

Separate tables provide fertility data for black 

women living in low-income neighborhoods of 26 

large cities and those living in group quarters. 

Supplementary data on children ever born to single 

women are also provided.

ReportPC(2)-4A, “ Family Composition” . This 

report presents detailed statistics on the composition 

of families, for the United States and regions, by 

urban and rural residence, cross-classified by 

various social and economic characteristics.

Among the aspects of black family composition 

presented in this publication are size of household, 

size of family, type of family, presence and number 

of own and related children by age, ages of oldest and 

youngest children, presence of adult family 

members, presence of parents and grandchildren of 

the family head, presence and characteristics of 

subfamilies, number and type of nonrelatives of the 

head sharing the housing unit, and presence of 

nonworking adult women in families with young 

children.

Some of the social characteristics by which black 

families are described in this report include age and 

sex of head, marital status of head, marital history of 

head and wife, age at first marriage, year of first 

marriage, the education of family members, and 

residence in 1965. Economic characteristics include 

employment status and hours worked by family head 

and wife, occupation of head, weeks worked in 1969 

and earnings of wife, and income of head and family 

in 1969.

R eport PC(2)-4B, “ Persons by Fam ily

C h a ra c te ris tic s “ Persons by Family Characteristics” contains a considerable amount of detailed 

statistics on persons according to household status, 

family status, and martial status. All of its 15 tables 

include data on black Americans for the United 

States, and most of these present statistics separately for persons living in urbanized areas. A portion of the data also is tabulated by region.

Characteristics covered in this report include age

and sex; presence of parents, children, and other 

relatives; marital history; type and size of family; 

educational attainment; occupation; income of persons and families, and income of the chief income 

recipient. A separate table provides some data on 

unrelated persons sharing living quarters and a portion of another table presents data on persons in 

group quarters.

Report PC(2y4C, “ Marital Status’’. Marital 

Status presents considerable information on blacks 

at the national level as well as some separate data on 

those in the South and those living in urbanized 

areas. In its 17 tables are detailed statistics on the 

marital status of the black population 14 years old 

and over by various marital history items, education, 

occupation, and income in 1969. Data are shown also 

for married couples cross-classified by age, race, 

nativity and parentage, education, and income of 

both husband and wife. There are also statistical data 

on intermarriage which cross-tabulate race and 

Spanish origin of wives by race and Spanish origin of 

husbands.

Report PC(2)-4D) “Age at First Marriage”.

This report presents detailed marital history statistics for persons 14 to 79 years old according to age at 

first marriage. All data are presented by sex and age 

at the time of the 1970 census. All tables contain data 

for the United States, and most have tabulations for 

urbanized areas. In addition, several tables present 

data by region and type of residence, with one including data by State.

Fifteen of this report’s 22 tables have tabulations 

for black Americans. Among the characteristics of 

blacks cross-tabulated with age at first marriage are: 

year of first marriage, present marital status, how 

first marriage ended if it did, number of times married, educational attainment, occupation, income, 

and earnings. Other tables present statistics for subfamilies, marriage rates, and number of single persons.

Report PC(2)-4E, “ Persons in Institutions

and Other Group Quarters’’. This report includes 

information on blacks who are inmates of institutions 

and on the noninstitutional population living in other 

group quarters. For inmates, statistics at the national 

level are presented on age, sex, type of residence, 

marital status, marital history, region of birth and 

residence, school enrollment, educational attainment, vocational training, previous occupation, type 

of control of institution, and year moved into institu11

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tion. These data are presented separately for inmates 

in each of eight types of institution.

In addition, there are some data for States, for 

large SMSA’s, and for selected counties about 

blacks in institutions, and a limited amount of national level data for blacks in noninstitutional group 

quarters.

Report PC(2)-5A, “ School Enrollment”. This 

publication presents national and regional data on 

school enrollment status, year of school in which 

enrolled, and relative progress in school by age and 

sex of blacks in 14 of its 17 detailed tables. Enrollment statistics are tabulated according to such 

characteristics as type of residence, region of birth, 

education of father and mother, occupation of parents, family income, migration status of parents, 

.marital status, labor force status, and number of 

brothers and sisters, among others.

Two of the tables present statistics on characteristics of those enrolled in college, including data on 

living arrangements, and veteran status. Five tables 

are devoted to information pertaining to persons, age 

16 to 24, not enrolled in school. Most of the tables in 

this report also present information for blacks living 

in central cities of urbanized areas, urban fringe, and 

rural areas.

Report PC(2)-5B, “ Educational Attainm ent” 

The educational attainment of the black population 

according to age, sex, and type of residence is crosstabulated with several other characteristics in this 

Subject Report. Among the social and economic 

characteristics covered are region of birth and region 

of residence, marital status, presence of young children, labor force and employment status, occupation, and income.

Report PC(2)-5C, “ Vocational Training’’. This 

report presents detailed statistics on a nationwide 

basis according to field of vocational training. Published tables include data for blacks, by sex and often 

by age, according to educational attainment, labor 

force and employment status, occupation, industry, 

and earnings. Comparable data are shown in each 

table for persons who have never completed a vocational training program.

Report PC(2y6A, “ Employment Status and

Work E x p e rie n c e This report contains material on 

labor force and employment status (number and percent in labor force, civilian labor force, employed 

and unemployed) as of the week preceding the taking

of the census and on weeks worked in 1969. Data on 

the labor force participation and employment status 

of black Americans are presented by sex, age, type 

of residence, marital status, household relationship, 

school enrollment, educational attainment, residence in 1965, hours worked, and presence of own 

children. Data are provided for families according to 

number of family members in labor force, earnings of 

head, size and type of family , and type of residence. 

There are several additional tables presenting information on the labor force status and employment 

status of black women, including number and age of 

own children, children ever born, marital status, age, 

type of residence, and earnings of husband.

Tables on weeks worked in 1969 provide data on 

blacks according to many of the same characteristics 

listed above. Many of the tables in this publication 

provide considerable cross-classification and a few 

contain selected data from previous censuses.

Report PC(2)-6B, “ Persons Not Employed

Data on the characteristics of black persons not 

employed (persons either not in the labor force or 

those in the labor force but not employed) are 

provided in most tables according to age, sex, and 

year last worked. Subjects covered include type of 

residence, household relationship, marital status, 

presence and age of children, school enrollment and 

educational attainment, labor force participation and 

employment status, occupation, activity in 1965, 

income other than earnings, and low-income status. 

Statistics are provided at the national level only.

Report PC(2)-6C, “ Persons with Work D/'sab i l i t y Characteristics of persons 18 to 64 years old 

according to presence and length of work disability 

are presented in the Subject Report. All but two of its 

13 tables include data on blacks with work disability 

according to age, sex, type of residence, marital 

status, type of family, household relationship, related children under age 18, educational attainment, 

vocational training, labor force and employment 

status, occupation, work experience, earnings, and 

source and amount of income . Many of the tables in 

this report permit direct comparison of characteristics of those with no, partial, or total work disability.

Report PC(2)-6D, “Journey to W o r k This is 

the largest of the PC(2) Subject Reports, containing 

more than 1,100 pages of statistical tables. The report presents data for workers 16 years of age and 

over, classified by place of residence and place of 

work for large SMSA’s and their constituent parts.

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Social and economic characteristic data are presented only for the total population; however place 

of residence cross-classified by place of work tabulations are provided for black workers. These counts 

are available for black workers living or working in 

each of the 124 SMSA’s with 250,000 inhabitants or 

more in 1970.

Report PC(2)-6E, “ Veterans’’. This Subject

Report contains information on the characteristics of 

civilian male veterans, by age and period of service 

(e.g., World War II, Vietnam era, etc.). Statistics 

covering black veterans include data on living arrangements, household and family characteristics, 

marital status, years of school completed, labor 

force participation, employment status, occupation, 

weeks worked, class of worker, income and earnings, geographic mobility, and selected housing 

characteristics.

Report PC(2y7A “ Occupational Characteristics’’. “ Occupational Characteristics” provides 

statistics for blacks according to detailed occupation 

(up to 441 separate occupational categories). For the 

experienced labor force, occupation is crosstabulated by age and sex, residence in 1965, type of 

residence, marital status, school enrollment, educational attainment, weeks worked in 1969, hours 

worked in the week preceding the taking of the census, earnings, family income, and poverty status. 

Characteristics of the employed by occupation include age and sex, class of worker, and hours 

worked.

All data are presented at the national level only.

Report PC(2)-7B, “ Industrial Characteristics” . “ Industrial Characteristics” presents data on 

black persons, by sex, for the experienced labor 

force and the employed according to current or last 

industry attachment. Information is provided for 227 

separate industries in some tables and 87 in others. 

Among characteristics of the experienced labor 

force cross-classified by industry are age, educational attainment, type of residence, residence in 

1965, weeks worked in 1969, hours worked during 

the week preceding the taking of the census, total 

earnings, wage and salary earnings, and family income. Statistics for employed blacks include age, 

class of worker, and hours worked.

Separate tables provide many of these same 

characteristics for the experienced labor force by 

class of worker and whether employed in agriculture. For the employed, class of worker statistics are

furnished according to age, sex, and hours worked.

Report PC(2)-7C, “ Occupation by Industry” .

This report presents national level statistics crossclassifying occupation by industry of employed 

workers. Three tables contain data by race—for the 

total employed, for wage and salary workers, and for 

the self-employed. Each table contains 102 occupational classification items for men and 65 for women, 

for each of 55 industrial classification items.

Report PC(2)-7Dt “ Government Workers” .

This report presents characteristics of persons who 

worked in government jobs at the time of the 1970 

census. Fifteen tables includes data by race and 

Spanish origin. Information is provided for all government workers, and in most tables there are separate tabulations for each level of government (Federal, State, local.) Among characteristics for blacks 

are sex and age, occupation, industry, weeks and 

hours worked, earnings, family income, and educational attainment. Several of the tables contain considerable cross-classification of these characteristics.

Report PC(2)-7E, “ Occupation and Residence in 1965’’. Although most of the data in this 

report apply only to the total population, five tables 

include information on the occupational and industrial mobility of blacks. Two tables include crossclassification of occupation in 1970 by occupation in 

1965, and age; two other tables present similar information on industry in 1970 according to industry 

in 1965. Another table indicates whether both industry and occupational status were the same in 1970 as 

in 1965, by sex. Inform ation on the residential mobility of blacks appears in other Subject Reports,

primarily number 2B, “ Mobility for States and the 

Nation.”

Report PC(2)-7F, “ Occupation of Persons

with High Earnings” . “ Occupation of Persons with 

High Earnings” contains two tables, including 

statistics on blacks with 1969 earnings of $15,000 or 

more. Data are presented for the experienced 

civilian labor force according to detailed occupation, 

sex, and seven levels of earnings.

Report PC(2)-8A, “ Sources and Structure of

Family Incom e” . This report provides detailed 

cross-classifications of data on the income in 1969 of 

family members, unrelated individuals and persons 

in the experienced civilian labor force, according to

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various social and economic characteristics, for the 

United States, by type of residence. All tables but 

one contain data on black Americans including 

income distribution, and median or mean income or 

both. A number of tables, the number of persons or 

families with income less than the poverty level, 

cross-classified by characteristics is also given.

Data are provided according to age, type and size 

of family, educational attainment, various other 

social c h a ra cteristics, num ber of earn ers, 

occupation, and type of income.

Report PC(2)-8B, “ Earnings by Occupation

and Education” . Nine tables in this report provide 

1969 earnings data for blacks according to age, sex, 

region, o ccupation, w ork experience, and 

education. Data are provided for five age groups, six 

levels of education, and up to 37 occupational groups 

for blacks with work experience in 1969 and for those 

who worked 50-52 weeks that year.

R eport PC(2)-8C, " Incom e of the Farm

Related Population’’. This report presents statistics 

pertaining to farm income as measured by farm 

self-employment income, and value of farm products 

sold. Statistics for the black population are shown 

for the United States and for States with 5,000 black 

families or more having farm self-employment 

income.

Farm self-employment income is tabulated 

according to the total income of families and 

unrelated individuals; several family composition 

item s; school enrollm ent statu s; educational 

attainment of family heads and persons over age 14; 

employment status, occupation, and weeks worked 

of family heads; wives, and all persons 14 years old 

and over; number of earners in families; source and 

amount of income for families and persons 14 years 

old and over; and the wage and salary income of 

wives. Many of these same data and selected housing 

characteristics are presented according to value of 

farm products sold by rural farm households.

All tables include statistics for the black 

population of Mississippi, North Carolina, South 

Carolina, and Virginia, while some of the tables 

include information on five additional Southern 

States.

Report PC(2y9A, “ Low-Income Population” .

“ Low-Income Population” presents numerous 

cross-classifications of data for persons and families 

by amount of income and incidence of income below 

the low-income (proverty) level. Information is

given on such social and economic characteristics of 

the black population as age, sex, type of residence, 

size of place of residence, place of birth, 1965 

residence, family status, type of family, marital 

status, presence and age of related children, fertility, 

veteran status, school enrollm ent and relative 

progress in school, educational attainm ent, 

vocational training, labor force participation, 

employment status, occupation, class of worker, 

presence of work disability, weeks worked in 1969, 

place of work and means of transportation to work, 

earnings, number of earners in family, and level and 

sources of income.

Separate tables present data on the potentially 

poor—including those whose earnings alone would 

not be sufficient to bring his or her family above the 

low-income level, and those families which would 

fall below that level if social security or public 

assistance income were removed. A final table 

presents selected housing characteristics according 

to low-income status. All tables contain data at the 

national level only.

R eport PC(2)-9B, ‘‘Low -Incom e Areas in

Large Cities” . “ Low-income Areas in Large Cities” 

contains data for the 50 largest cities (individually 

and combined) and the four largest boroughs in New 

York City. Data for blacks include counts of those 

living in the city and six aggregates of census tracts 

within the city according to the percent of persons 

below the poverty level in 1969.

The bulk of the data on blacks consists of the 

presentation of characteristics for the entire city, 

those areas with census tracts with a poverty rate of 

20 percent or more, and the remainder of the city. 

These characteristics include age, sex, place of birth, 

residence in 1965, relationship to household head, 

family status, presence and living arrangements of 

children, size of family, fertility, school enrollment, 

years of school completed, labor force participation, 

employment status, occupation, place of work and 

means of transportation to work, income, type of 

income, difference between income and poverty 

level, ratio of income to poverty level, and selected 

housing items.

Sim ilar data on blacks living in individual 

low-income neighborhoods of 49 of these cities have 

been subsequently published in the Supplementary

Reports series, PC(Sl)-65 through 103. Alist of these 

cities appear under the listings for Supplementary

Reports.

R eport PC(2)-10A, ‘‘A m ericans L iving

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A b r o a d This Subject Report presents counts, by 

age and sex, of black Americans living outside the 

United States, except those in the Armed Forces and 

those temporarily abroad on vacation, business 

trips, etc. Separate data are provided for Federal 

Government civilian employees, dependents of 

members of the Armed Forces, dependents of 

Federal civilian employees, crews of merchant 

vessels, and other United States citizens living 

abroad. Most of these data are presented by country 

or major area of residence.

Report PC(2)-10B, " State Economic A reas”. 

This report includes statistics on the general social 

and econom ic ch aracteristics of the black 

inhabitants of the 510 State economic areas into 

which the United States is divided. State economic 

areas (SEA’s) are subdivisions of States, consisting 

of single counties or groups of counties having 

similar social and economic characteristics. The data 

for SE A ’s in this report are essentially 

consolidations of selected tabulations previously 

published in the PC(1)-C series of reports for the 50 

States and the District of Columbia.

Among the characteristics covered in this report 

are age, sex, household relationship, fertility and 

presence of children, school enrollm ent and 

educational attainment, labor force and employment 

status, occupation and industry of em ployed 

workers, source and level of income, and incidence 

of poverty.

Census of Housing: 1970, reports

The 1970 census of Housing published reports 

are divided into seven volumes, of which volumes I, 

II, and VII contain detailed information on black 

occupied housing. The other four volumes contain 

occasional black data. Volume I contains two 

chapters—both with large amounts of data on blacks 

in the United States summary and the individual 

State reports (Nos. 1-52), as well in the report on the 

Virgin Islands (No. 55). Volume II, a series of 248 

SMSA reports and a U nited States summary, 

presents detailed housing statistics for blacks at the 

national and regional levels, and for individual 

SMSA’s and large cities having 25,000 blacks or 

more. Volume VII is a series of nine housing subject 

reports, seven of which provide statistics on black 

households and their housing. These seven reports 

contain statistics for blacks according to particular 

subjects.

The remaining volume (III through VI) provide

limited data on blacks according to city block (III), 

changes in the housing inventory (IV), home 

financing (V), and housing quality (VI).

Volume I. Housing Characteristics for

States, Cities, and Counties

Volume I consists of two series of reports, Chapter 

A (Series H C (l)-A ) “ G eneral H ousing 

Characteristics” and Chapter B (Series HC(l)-B) 

“ Detailed Housing Characteristics.” These two 

series contain selected housing data for households 

in States, SMSA’s, urbanized areas, places of 50,000 

inhabitants or more, and counties and places of 1,000 

to 50,000 with 400 or more blacks. The United 

States summary reports of each chapter provide data 

at the national and regional levels and limited 

summary data for individual States, areas, and 

places.

The coverage of the chapter A reports is limited to 

tenure; kitchen facilities; plumbing facilities; units in 

structure; number of rooms, persons, and persons 

per room; telephone availability; and value and rent. 

The “ Detailed Housing Characteristics” report 

include the items cited above and a large number of 

additional characteristics. A detailed listing of these 

items is located in table B-3.

Volume II (Series HC(2)), Metropolitan

Housing Characteristics

This series of reports consists of one report for 

each of the 247 standard metropolitan statistical 

areas recognized in the 1970 census as well as a 

summary report for the United States and regions. 

These rep o rts contain additional detail and 

cross-classification of data on m any of the 

characteristics found in the HC(l)-Aand HC(1)-B 

publications as well as on family income and type of 

family.

Information is given for black occupied housing 

for each SMSA, central city, and other place of

50,000 inhabitants or more; provided the areas or 

place has a black population of 25,000 or more. The 

United States summary report presents data for the 

United States and each of the four geographic 

regions, according to metropolitan-nonmetropolitan 

residence and residence in central cities.

Volume III (Series HC(3)), Block Statistics

The HC(3) Block Statistics reports are a series of 

278 publications presenting housing data for each

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city block within 236 urbanized areas, and in selected 

smaller cities and counties which contracted with the 

Bureau of the Census to provide such statistics. For 

each census tract (in tracted areas) and block, these 

reports show the Negro as a percent of total 

population and the percent of owner-occupied and 

renter-occupied units whose heads of household are 

black.

Volume IV (Series HC(4)), Components of

Inventory Change

This series of 16 reports presents statistics on the 

characteristics of the components of change in the 

housing inventory for the period 1960 to 1970, and on 

the characteristics of units occupied by “ recent” 

movers (moved in 1969 or later). Covered are 15 

large standard m etropolitan statistical areas 

(SMSA’s) their major cities, and suburban areas. A 

United States summary report presents statistics, by 

region, for all SMSA’s, all central cities combined, 

all suburban areas com bined, and all 

non-metropolitan area.

F or black occupied housing the following 

characteristics are presented according to tenure 

(owner or renter): the number of units occupied in 

1960 and 1970; the number of new units created since 

1960 and the number of units removed since 1960; 

race of occupants in 1970 by race in 1960; presence of 

plumbing facilities and condition of unit by race in 

1970, according to race of occupant in 1960; and 

value or rent and race in 1970 according to value or 

rent and race in 1960.

Volume V (Series HC(5», Residential

Finance

This volume is a single report presenting statistical 

summaries of data collected in the Residential 

Finance survey conducted in 1971 as part of the 1970 

Census of Housing program. Detailed information is 

shown on the financing of homeowner and rental 

properties, including characteristics of mortgages, 

properties, and homeowners. Homeowner data for 

blacks include age, sex, veteran status, number of 

persons in household and income, as well as the 

same financial and property characteristic items 

which are shown for all housing units. These data are 

contained in a separate section on black owned 

housing (p. 363-69.) Charts at the front and back of 

this publication provide quick means of locating 

mortgage, property, and other characteristics of

black owned housing located elsewhere in the 

volume.

Volume VI (Series HC(6», Plumbing

Facilities and Estimates of Dilapidated

Housing

This volume contains counts of housing units 

lacking some or all plumbing facilities and estimates 

of dilapidated units with all plumbing facilities. The 

sum of the two item s provide an indiator of 

substandard housing units. Data for such housing 

occupied by blacks include tabulations for the 

N ation, regions, States, SM S/\’s, m etropolitan 

counties, central cities, and other places of 50,000 

inhabitants or more. All statistics are presented 

according to tenure; and national, regional, and State 

data are shown also according to type of residence.

Volume VII (Series HC(7)), Subject Reports

The Census o f Housing: 1970 Subject Reports are 

nine publications which present statistics on 

particular housing topics. Seven of these contain a 

large number of housing characteristic items and 

occasional population items for households headed 

by blacks. These seven reports are:

HC(7)-1. “ Housing Characteristics by Household

Composition”

HC(7>2. “ Housing of Senior Citizens”

HC(7)-3. “ Space Utilization of the Housing Inventory”

HC(7)-4. “ Structural Characteristics of the Housing Inventory”

HC(7)-5. “ Mover Households”

HC(7)-6. “Mobile Homes”

HC(7)-7. “Geographic Aspects of the Housing Inventory”

Each report presents data at the national level, and 

m ost include tabulations according to type of 

residence and/or region. Report two includes some 

tabulations at the State and area levels. One or more 

of these rep o rts includes such population 

characteristics as number of persons in household, 

age, sex, education, marital status, labor force 

statu s, o ccupation, ind u stry , v eteran statu s, 

residence in 1965, and income of household head; 

included also are number of children and presence of 

children under specified ages, presence of 

nonrelatives and of persons over specified ages; and 

income of families and primary individuals.

Information regarding the availability of any of 

these population characteristics as well as any of 

numerous housing items in individual reports can be 

found in appendix B of this directory.

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Joint population-housing reports

The joint population-housing (PHC) publications 

consist of three series of reports containing both 

population and housing data. Series PHC(l) presents 

information for blacks living in individual SMSA’s, 

central cities, metropolitan counties, and census 

tracts with 400 blacks or more. Series PHC(2) is a set 

of State reports and a United States summary report 

presenting 1960-70 comparative data on black 

population, housing and components of population 

change. The PHC(3) publications are a series of 76 

reports on selected low-incom e areas, which 

contains detailed statistics on employment and 

earnings in addition to lim ited data on other 

population and housing characteristics.

Series PHC(1), Census Tracts

This series of 241 reports contains data on 

population and housing characteristics for SMSA’s, 

central cities, places of 25,000 or more, metropolitan 

counties and census tracts. In addition, some of the 

reports contain data for tracted areas lying outside 

SMSA’s. Counts of the black population are given 

for all tracts; however, characteristics listed below 

are presented only for tracts having 400 blacks or 

more. Population items included are age, sex, 

household relationship, school enrollm ent and 

educational attainm ent, residence in 1965, 

em ploym ent status, occupation, incom e, and 

poverty status. Housing data include ownership 

status', plumbing facilities rooms, persons, persons 

per room, value and rent, number of housing units in 

structure, year structure was built, year moved in, 

selected equipment, and automobile availability.

This series does not include a United States 

summary report; however, a report in the PC(S1) 

Series, Supplementary Reports, “ Population and 

Housing Characteristics for the United States, by 

State; 1970,” presents State and national data with 

the same table format as the census tract reports. 

The tables in this report thus provide a convenient 

m eans for users of the tract data to make 

comparisons with national and State data on the 

same subjects.

Series PHC(2), General Demographic

Trends for Metropolitan Areas, 1960 to

1970

This series of reports provides data on the black 

population for the Nation, States, metropolitan

areas, and central cities. The statistics are drawn 

largely from 1970 census advance reports, which 

have been superceded and are no longer available. 

Statistical information pn blacks include population 

counts, changes betw een 1960 and 1970, 

components of population change, rate of natural 

increase, and counts of owner and renter occupied 

housing units. Unlike other reports from the 

decennial census, the PHC(2) series contains 

detailed discussions of findings. Additional data on 

the subjects covered appear in the PC(1)-B and 

HC(1)-A series.

Series PHC(3), Employment Profiles of

Selected Low-Income Areas

This series of 76 reports covers 68 selected 

low-income areas. Sixty are in 51 cities, and eight are 

rural areas. In addition, there are eight summary 

reports including a United States summary for the 

urban areas. The material in this series is not from 

the April, 1970 decennial census itself, but from the 

Census Em ploym ent Survey (CES) conducted 

between August 1970 and March 1971. The CES, 

however, is part of the overall program of the 1970 

Census of Population and Housing. Statistical data 

on blacks are published for all but one of the urban 

areas, and for three rural areas.

All tables present data, by sex (in the cases of 

fam ilies, by sex of head), for the civilian 

noninstitutional population 16 years or older, and the 

detailed tables contain many cross-classifications by 

age, education, and other characteristics.

Among the characteristics covered in the tables 

are: age; marital and family status; number of 

persons, children, and earners in fam ilies; 

educational attainment and job training; labor force 

and em ploym ent statu s, and extent of 

unemployment; occupation and industry; work 

history; hourly, weekly, and annual earnings; 

sources and structure of family income, and extent of 

poverty; place of work, and methods and cost of 

transportation; desire for work and reasons for not 

seeking work; reason for leaving last job; job seeking 

m ethods; lowest acceptable pay; expenses for 

mortgage, rent, and utilities; installment debt; and 

residental mobility.

Supplementary Reports

Series PC(S1), population Supplementary

Reports

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Supplementary Reports are two open-ended series 

of reports on individual subjects from the 1970 Census. Population census Supplementary Reports are 

designated as the PC(S1) series \and such reports 

from the housing census are designated HC(S1). 

Most reports are reproductions of one or more tables 

or parts of tables printed in larger final report publications. A few of these reports were published in 

advance of the release of the final reports containing 

the same data. Supplementary Reports present data 

in a more accessible and useful form for the consumer.

A few such reports of the PC(S1) series, however, 

contain data not found in other reports or furnish 

corrections of previously published data found to be 

in error. Some of the Supplementary Reports in the 

PC(S1) series with data pertaining to blacks are listed 

below:

Report No. 2. “ Negro Population in Selected

Places and Selected Counties.” This report contains counts of the black population in places and 

counties of 25,000 inhabitants or more having a black 

population of 10,000 or more.

Report No. 17. “ Population of SMSA’s Established Since the 1970 Census, for the United

States: 1970 and I960.” Counts of the black population in each of 21 new SMSA’s established between 

November 1971, and January 1972, are provided in 

this publication.

Report No. 29. “ Population and Housing

Characteristics for the United States, by State:

1970.” Data for blacks for the United States and 

each of the States are provided in a format comparable to the presentation of population and housing 

subjects in the PHC (1) series, Census Tracts,

reports.

Report No. 47. “ Characteristics of Negro

Im m igrants to Selected M etropolitan Areas:

1970.” The tables in this report show birthplace and 

residence in 1965 for the black population in six 

SMSA’s which contained a central city having

500,000 black inhabitants or more at the time of the 

1970 census.

R eport No. 53. “ Residence in 1965 fo r

Selected Areas.” This report presents corrected 

data on residence in 1965 for 48 SMSA’s. Its contents 

replace comparable figures in the 48 individual 

PHC(l) Census Tracts reports for the designated 

SMSA’s, most of which are in the New England 

States.

Reports Nos. 65-103, Low-Income Neighborhoods in Large Cities” . These 39 publications 

contain data on individual low-income neighborhoods in 49 or the Nation’s 50 largest cities. Lowincome neighborhoods are subdivisions of lowincome areas, which include all census tracts in 

which 20 percent or more of all persons were below 

the low-income level in 1969. These low-income 

neighborhoods generally consist of contiguous census tracts having a combined population of 20,000 or 

more. The neighborhood boundaries are based on 

current social and economic data and on the recommendations of local agencies.

Characteristic items on the social, economic, and 

housing conditions of the black residents of the 

nieghborhoods covered in these Reports are similar 

to those published in Subject Report, PC(2)-9B, for 

the entire city, the entire low-income area, and the 

balance of the city. (See p. 14 of this directory.)

PC(S1) Reports on low-income

neighborhoods in large cities1

Report

number Cities

65 Atlanta, Ga.

66 Baltimore, Md.

67 Birmingham, Ala.

68 Boston, Mass.

69 Buffalo and Rochester, N.Y.

70 Chicago, 111.

71 Cincinnati, Ohio

72 Cleveland and Toledo, Ohio

73 Columbus, Ohio

74 Dallas and Fort Worth, Tex.

75 Denver, Colo.

76 Detroit, Mich.

77 El Paso, Tex.

78 Houston, Tex.

79 Indianapolis, Ind.

80 Jacksonville and Tampa, Fla.

81 Kansas City, Mo.

82 Los Angeles and Long Beach, Calif.

83 Louisville, Ky.

84 Memphis and Nashville-Davidson, Tenn.

85 Miami, Fla.

86 Milwaukee, Wis.

87 Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minn.

88 Newark, N.J.

89 New Orleans, La.

90 New York, N.Y.

91 Norfolk, Va.

92 Oklahoma City and Tulsa, Okla.

93 Omaha, Nebr.

94 Philadelphia, Pa.

95 Phoenix, Ariz.

96 Pittsburgh, Pa.

97 Portland, Oreg.

98 St. Louis, Mo.

99 San Antonio, Tex.

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PC(S1) R eports on low-incom e neighborhoods in large

cities 1-Continued

Report

number Cities

100 San Diego and San Jose, Calif.

101 San Francisco and Oakland, Calif.

102 Seattle, Wash.

103 Washington, D.C.

xNo low-income neighborhoods were defined within the lowincome area of Honolulu, Hawaii.

Reports from the Current Population

Survey

Most of the Social and Economic data on black 

Americans available from the Current Population 

Survey appears in three major publication series. 

These arq Employment and Earnings, Special Labor

Force Reports, and Current Population Reports.

Employment and Earnings published by the Bureau 

of Labor Statistics, is a monthly periodical which 

includes data from the basic CPS questionnaire on 

labor force and employment characteristics of the 

population 16 years and over. Special Labor Force

Reports, also produced by BLS, present some data 

from the basic questionnaire, but are usually concerned with topics covered in the CPS supplemental 

questionnaires. Current Population Reports, issued 

by the Bureau of the Census, also rely predominantly 

on supplemental items from the Survey. Other publications presenting CPS data include the BLS annual 

Handbook o f Labor Statistics, the Monthly Labor

Review, various BLS Reports and Bulletins, the 

statistical appendix to the annual Manpower Report

o f the President, and a Department of Agriculture 

annual release on the hired farm working force.

Data published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics

Employment and Earnings

Employment and Earnings (E&E), published each 

month, is the primary source of labor force data 

based on the standard questions in the monthly Current Population Survey schedule. Information on 

labor force and employment characteristics of the 

population 16 years old and over (as of the week 

containing the 12th) is collected during the week 

containing the 19th by the Bureau of the Census for 

the Bureau of Labor Statistics. These data are published in summary form and with analysis in The

Employment Situation, a BLS press release generally made available on the first Friday of the following month. Later in the month, these data are published with more detail and with cross-classification 

of characteristic items in Employment and Earnings.

There are currently 40 E&E tables which provide 

these monthly household data, of which 13 present 

information on the Negro and other races population. Among these 13 tables are such characteristic 

items as age, sex, marital status, labor force participation, employment status, duration of and reason 

for unemployment, job-search method, full-time and 

part-time work status, and occupation.

The January issue each year also contains annual 

average tabulations for the previous year; while the 

January, April, July, and October issues also present 

quarterly data. A current listing of the monthly data 

tables with coverage of the black population appears 

below.

Table

no. Title

A-3 Employment status of the noninstitutional population

by sex, age, and color

A-4 Labor force by sex, age, and color*

A-5 Employment status of persons 16-21 years of age in the

noninstitutional population by color and sex

A-6 Employment of the noninstitutional population 16 years

and over by sex, age, and color

A-7 Full- and part-time status of the civilian labor force by

color, sex, and age

A-9 Unemployed persons by marital status, sex, age, and

color

A-12 Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment,

sex, age, and color

A-14 Unemployed jobseekers by the jobsearch methods

used, sex, age, and color

A -17 Unemployed persons by duration, sex, age, color, and

marital status

A-21 Employed persons by major occupational group, sex,

and color

A-27 Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by full-or

part-time status, sex, age, color, and martial status

A-29 Employment status of 14-15 year-olds by sex and color

A-33 Employment status by color, sex, and age, seasonally

adjusted.

Monthly Labor Review

This periodical presents CPS information on 

blacks on an intermittent basis in a number of articles 

which analyze economic statistics; these are later 

reprinted (with appended tables in most cases) as 

part of the Special Labor Force Reports series. In 

Addition, there are other occasional articles (using 

CPS and other source data) pertaining to the characteristics of black Americans. Two tables in its current labor statistics section contain limited employment data for blacks.

An annual index of MLR articles, authors, and

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book reviews is published in each December issue. A 

consolidated index to MLR material for the January 

1961 -D ecem ber 1970 period has been issued as BLS 

Bulletin 1746, Monthly Labor Review, Index o f Volumes 84-93.

Special Labor Force Reports

These reports are usually based on data collected 

as supplem entary questions to the basic CPS 

schedule. Some reports, however, use data from the 

regular monthly schedule. Special Labor Force Reports cover such topics as educational attainment, 

work experience, marital and family characteristics, 

usual weekly earnings, working mothers, school-age 

youth, and other subject areas relating to the 

working-age population. Many of the topics covered 

are analyzed annually; others appear on an irregular 

or on a one-time basis. Data cited for blacks usually 

are published as “ Negro and other races.” In some 

text tables and in the reports on working mothers, 

the tabulations are for blacks exclusive of “ other 

races.”

Information from these supplements usually is 

published in three stages—each stage, in most cases, 

with increasing statistical detail. The first stage is the 

publication of Summary—Special Labor Force Report. Such summaries contain preliminary data accompanied by a brief discussion of findings. These 

are similar to the advance reports issued by the 

Bureau of the Census for its Current Population Reports. Additional information is subsequently published as an article or research summary in the 

Monthly Labor Review (MLR). The MLR presentation usually includes a more thorough analysis and 

frequently additional statistical data. Finally the 

MLR material is reprinted and appended with a set of 

tables containing detailed cross-classification of 

characteristic items. This three stage publication 

process permits both the summary dissemination of 

current data and the issuence of detailed tables and 

analytical text, which require substantially more 

preparation time.

The listings below include the latest numbered 

report issued on each subject area analyzed since 

1970 in which data are presented for blacks. In cases 

for which summaries or MLR presentations with 

more recent data (than in the latest numbered report) 

have been released, their publication is cited under 

the latest numbered report.

Report No. 166, “ Multiple Jobholding in 1972

and 1973” . This report contains limited statistics for

blacks holding two or more jobs in May 1972 and 

May 1973. Information on multiple jobholding is collected each May as part of a set of supplemental 

questions to the Current Population Survey. Data for 

“ Negro and other races” include counts of the total 

employed, the number holding two or more jobs, the 

multiple jobholding rate, and the number of hours 

worked at secondary jobs. These tabulations are 

provided, by sex, for each of the 2 years. Special

Labor Force Report No. 139 has similar data for May 

1970 and 1971, and Report 123 has data for May 1969.

R eport No. 165, “ C hildren o f W orking

Mothers, March 1973”. This is the third Special

Labor Force Report issued since 1971 with detailed 

information on working women and their children. It 

contains two detailed tables with statistics on black 

children under 18 and on families headed by blacks in 

a six-way cross-classification of the following 

characteristics: age of children, type of family, labor 

force p articip atio n of wives in husband-w ife 

families, labor force participation and employment 

status of family heads, and family income. Five text 

tables include some of these same characteristic 

items with considerably less cross-classification and 

such additional items as number of children in the 

family, weeks worked and whether on part-time or 

full-time schedules in 1972 for family heads and 

wives, and reason for part-year work or for not working at all in 1972. Some of these statistics are available for March 1972 and March 1970 in Special Labor

Force Reports Nos. 154 and 134, respectively.

Report No. 164, “ Marital and Family Characteristics of the Labor Force in March 1973”. This 

report presents information on labor force participation, employment status and other economic items 

according to various marital and family characteristics. Two of the six text tables and 13 of the 26 

supplementary tables contain material on the Negro 

and other races population. Characteristic items include age, sex, type of residence, region, type of 

family, family status, marital status, presence and 

age of children, labor force participation of family 

heads and other family members, employment 

status, work experience, broad occupational group, 

and several income items (family income, income of 

husbands, and earnings of married women as a percent of total family income).

This report, which uses March 1973 CPS data, is 

the fifteenth in a series on marital and family characteristics. Data for March 1972, 1971, and 1970 can be 

found in Special Labor Force Reports 153, 144, and

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130, respectively. Limited data from the March 1974 

Current Population Survey have been recently released in Summary-Special Labor Force Report,

“ Marital and Family Characteristics of Workers, 

March 1974.”

Report No. 163, “ Changes in the Employment Situation in 1973” . This report is a review of 

1973 developments in the labor market published in 

the Monthly Labor Review. The Monthly Labor Review article with annual average tables from 

January’s Employment and Earnings is usually reprinted and published about two months later as a 

Special Labor Force Report.

Among the characteristics covered for the Negro 

and other races population are labor force and 

employment status, the full-time and part-time status 

of the labor force, marital status, unemployment by 

reason and duration, job search methods used by the 

unem ployed, reasons for labor force 

nonparticipation, and work experience and desire 

for work by those not in the labor force. Most of 

these items are tabulated by age and sex.

Similar data for recent years can be found in Reports 152, 142, 129, and 116 on an annual average 

basis, and in E m ploym ent and Earnings on a 

monthly basis. Historical series for some of these 

items (1954-73) are published in the statistical appendix to the Manpower Report o f the President and 

in the Handbook o f Labor Statistics.

Report No. 162, “ Work Experience of the

Population in 1972” . “ Work Experience of the 

Population in 1972” contains numerous tables with 

detailed information on the work experience of the 

black labor force. Two of the seven text tables of the 

February 1974 M onthly Labor R eview article 

presents the proportion of the black population with 

work experience in the 1967—72 period according to 

age and sex, and some additional information on 

married women according to presence and age of 

children.

There are two sets of 27 Special Labor Force

Report supplementary tables—for 1972 and for 1971 

work experience data. Fifteen of the tables for each 

year provide considerable cross-classification of 

data on blacks. Characteristic items include age, sex, 

marital status, number of weeks in the labor force, 

major activity, number of spells of unemployment, 

duration of unemployment, full-time or part-time 

employment, weeks worked, reason for part-year 

work, reason for not working at all, occupation, and 

industry. Data on the work experience of blacks in

1970 are available in SLFR No. 141. Some of the 

other Special Labor Force Reports with work 

experience data by race include Nos. 107, 115, and 

127.

More recent data (from the March 1974 CPS) have 

been published in Summary — Special Labor Force

Report, “ Work Experience of the Population in 

1973.” This release contains two tables with 

information on the work experience and the extent of 

unemployment of blacks in 1973.

Report No. 161, “ Educational Attainment of

Workers, March 1973” . This educational attainment 

report is the eleventh in a series of Special Labor

Force Reports presenting the relationship between 

years of school completed and labor force and 

employment characteristics. One of the four text 

tables (appearing in the January 1974 Monthly Labor

Review article) and 7 of the 15 supplementary tables 

include statistical data on the black population. 

These tables cross-tabulate educational attainment 

by age, sex, labor force participation, employment 

status, duration of unemployment, occupation, and 

industry. Sim ilar data for M arch 1972, 1971, 

1969-70, and 1968 appear in SLFR’s 148, 140, 125, 

and 103, respectively.

Report No. 159, “ Going Back to School at

35” . This report has very limited data on the Negro 

and other races population 35 years old and over. 

Information is presented on the type of school attended and labor force participation according to 

type of school attended.

Report No. 158, “ Employment of School Age

Youth: October 1972” . The data in this report relate 

to persons 16 to 24 years old, with an emphasis on 

those aged 16 to 21. The Monthly Labor Review

article (September 1973) contains few statistics on 

black youth; however, several of the 12 Special

Labor Force Report supplementary tables include 

data on blacks according to school enrollment status. 

The characteristics covered (all by sex, and some by 

age) include labor force and employment status; occupation of the employed and the unemployed with 

work experience; industry; and the duration of and 

reasons for unemployment.

Comparable reports for October of earlier years 

are available in previous Special Labor Force Reports, including Nos. 147, 135, 124, and 111. Similar 

data are available for blacks according to high school 

graduation status in Special Labor Force Report 155,

“ Em ploym ent of High School G raduates and

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Dropouts,” and in earlier reports.

Report No. 157, “Job Losers, Leavers and

Entrants: Traits and Trends” . The text of this 

Special Labor Force Report has information on the 

reasons for unemployment of the Negro and other 

races population. Reasons include job losers on 

layoff, other job losers, job leavers, new entrants to 

the labor force, and reentrants. Data include 1972 

annual averages of the percent distribution of unemployed blacks according to reason for unemployment, and unemployment rates according to reason 

and educational attainment. Supplementary tables 

include limited annual average data for each year of 

the 1967-72 period.

Report No. 155, “ Employment of High School

Graduates and Dropouts, October 1972“ . This 

Special Labor Force Report contains data on persons 16 to 24 years old according to high school 

graduation status. Four of its text tables (included in 

the June 1973 Monthly Labor Review article) and 11 

of its 13 supplemental tables contain statistics for the 

Negro and other races population. Characteristics 

covered include age and sex, marital status, college 

enrollment status, educational attainment, year last 

attended school, year of high school graduation, 

labor force participation, employment status, reason 

for unemployment, occupation, and family income.

Similar data for October of earlier years are available in previously issued Special Labor Force Reports (145, 131, and 121, among others.) Limited 

data for October 1973 have been published in the 

September 1974 issue of the Monthly Labor Review,

pp. 48-52. Data for black youth include labor force 

participation and employment status according to 

high school graduation status, college enrollment 

status, sex, and marital status.

Report No. 151, “ Employment of Recent College Graduates” . This report presents one line of 

data (table 1) on black recipients of bachelor’s and 

advanced college degrees. Data include the labor 

force participation and employment status in October 1971 of persons of “ Negro and other races” 

who received their degrees in 1970 or 1971.

Report No. 150, “ Job Seeking Methods Used

by Unemployed Workers” . This report contains information on the job seeking methods used by unemployed workers during 1970,1971, and 1972. Data for 

the Negro and other races population are tabulated 

by age and sex according to six categories of job

seeking methods—public employment agencies, 

private employment agencies, direct contact with 

employers, placed or answered ads, friends or relatives, and others.

These data, based on the regular CPS schedule, 

are collected monthly. Selected job search data for 

blacks (Negro and other races) are published in table 

A-14 of Employment and Earnings.

Information on the job seeking activity of blacks 

during 1972, based on a one-time comprehensive 

supplement to the CPS in January 1973, have been 

published in Summary-Special Labor Force Report,

“ Job Finding Survey, January 1973.” This recent 

release provides information on 20 different job 

search methods, number of hours usually spent looking for work, number of weeks of job search, farthest 

distance traveled in looking for work, and other 

items.

Report No. 149, “ The Employment Situation

of Vietnam Era Veterans” . Data are available on 

black male Vietnam era veterans aged 20 to 30 years 

in this report. Coverage includes labor force status 

and employment status with two age breaks. Data 

are presented for 1971 and the first two quarters of 

1972. Comparable statistics are furnished for nonveterans as well as limited data for veterans and 

non-veterans by region. Previous Special Labor

Force Reports on Vietnam veterans include 126, 

“ Vietnam War Veterans-Transition to Civilian 

Life,” and 137, “ Employment Situation of Vietnam 

Era Veterans: 1971.”

Data for 1973 have been published in the August 

1974 Monthly Labor Review (pp. 17—26). Two tables 

of this article include such characteristic items for 

blacks as labor force participation, employment 

status, occupation, and industry, according to veteran status. Some of the data are presented for four 

age breaks and for each year of the 1970-73 period.

Report No. 146, “An Analysis of Unemployment by Household Relationship” . This Special

Labor Force Report, a reprint with corrections, of an 

August 1972 Monthly Labor Review article, does not 

contain the supplementary detailed tables usually 

found in the SLFR Series. It does contain a few text 

tables which present labor force and unemployment 

statistics by household relationship by race.

Report No. 143, “ Usual Weekly Earnings of

American Workers, 1971” . Data in this report are 

based on response to supplemental questions asked 

in the May 1971 Current Population Survey. The four 

text tables and five appended tables with data for the

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Negro and other races population provide information on the usual weekly earnings of full-time wage 

and salary workers according to selected social and 

economic characteristics. These include age and 

sex, household status, educational attainment, occupation, and industry.

Report No. 138, “ Occupational Characteristics of Urban Workers, 1970". This reprint from the 

October 1971 Monthly Labor Review has no supplementary detailed tables; however there is a limited amount of 1970 annual average CPS data on 

blacks (Negro and other races) in three of its six text 

tables. Included are occupational distributions for 

employed blacks according to residence in SMSA’s 

the 20 largest SMSA’s, central cities, and suburbs; 

and some unemployment rates by residence.

Report No. 136, " Recent Trends in Overtime

Hours and Premium Pay". This report examines 

characteristics of overtime workers in May of 1967, 

1969, and 1970, describes the incidence of premium 

pay for persons working overtime, and analyzes the 

differences between persons receiving extra pay for 

overtime hours and those who did not. One table in 

this report provides limited data on the proportion of 

blacks, by sex, working overtime or receiving premium pay. A report with more recent data is in 

preparation.

Report No. 128, "S tudents and Summer

Jobs: O ctober 1969". This rep o rt contains 

information from supplemental questions to the 

October 1969 Current Population Survey regarding 

summer labor force acitivity of students age 16 to 21. 

Data for “ Negro and other races” youth include 

tabulation of the following characteristic items: age 

and sex, sum m er labor force p articipation, 

employment status during the summer, weeks 

unemployed before starting to work for those finding 

jobs, weeks unemployed during which persons 

looked for but did not eventually find jobs, labor 

force status in October of those in the labor force 

during the summer, occupation and industry of 

summer jobs, weeks worked, hours usually worked, 

and earnings.

Handbook of Labor Statistics, 1973

This annually issued publication presents, in one 

volume, most major series of data produced by the 

Bureau of Labor Statistics. In general, each table is 

com plete historically, beginning with earliest

reliable and consistent data and running through the 

calendar year preceding the publication date. Most 

of the series with data on black Americans are 

compilations of Current Population Survey data 

w hich have been previously published in 

Employment and Earnings and Special Labor Force

Reports.

The 1973 H andbook contains 23 tables with 

statistics for Negro and other races. Characteristics 

presented for the working age population include 

labor force participation, em ploym ent status, 

reasons for nonparticipation in the labor force and 

unemployment, educational attainment, occupation, 

full-time and part-time work status, duration of 

unemployment, and family income. Most of these 

data are provided at the national level by age and sex; 

however a few tables present characteristics for 

selected States and areas.

BLS Report No. 431, Geographic Profile of

Employment and Unemployment, 1973

This report is the latest in a series presenting 

geographic labor force data from the Current 

Population Survey. It provides 1973 annual averages 

and limited historical data for regions, large States, 

and large metropolitan areas. Characteristics of the 

black working-age population covered in this report 

include labor force participation, employment, and 

unemployment according to sex. Separate tables 

include inform ation according to full-tim e or 

part-time labor force status. Data for earlier years 

may be found in the following BLS articles and 

reports: BLS Reports 421, 402, 395, and 388; 

M onthly Labor Review , M arch 1974; and the 

statistical appendix to the Manpower Report o f the

President.

BLS Report No. 417, Selected Earnings and

Demographic Characteristics of Union

Members, 1970

This report furnishes statistics on union 

membership of wage and salary workers. Data are 

from the March 1971, Current Population Survey. 

Characteristics of black union members include age 

and sex, occupation, industry, and earnings. 

Additional statistics are included on year-round 

full-time workers, and on members according to 

region. Some comparative data are furnished for 

black workers not in labor unions.

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
BLS Bulletin No. 1760, Black Americans: A

Decade of Occupational Change

This publication presents a series of 21 charts and 

19 statistical tables detailing the changes in the 

occupational d istrib u tio n , unem ploym ent, 

education, earnings, and income of blacks between 

1960 and 1970, and prospects for the future. Each 

chart is accompanied by explanatory text and in 

some cases comparable data for whites are included.

BLS Bulletin No. 1699, Black Americans: A

Chartbook

This publication contains 54 ch arts (each 

accompanied by one or more statistical tables, and 

explanatory text) depicting demographic, social and 

economic, and other characteristics of the black 

population. Much of the background material on 

which the charts are based was developed in the 

preparation of the “ Social and Economic Status of 

Negroes in United States, 1969,” A joint publication 

of the Bureau of Labor Statistics and Bureau of the 

Census. The coverage of the chartbook includes 

such subjects as population location and recent 

migration, labor force participation, employment 

status, occupation, income and poverty, family 

characteristics, health and vital statistics, housing, 

crime, voting, participation in the armed forces, and 

election to public office. An additional five tables 

present projections to 1980 of black population, 

labor force, and education.

Manpower Report of the President, 1974

The statistical appendix to the annual manpower 

report is published by the Manpower Administration 

of the Department of Labor. It contains many BLS 

statistical series on the Negro and other races 

population (some present data on blacks, exclusive 

of other races). Most tables have statistical time 

series, dating from the first year for which 

continuous data are available. Many are similar to 

those published in the Handbook o f Labor Statistics

and 13 cover historical series for which monthly, 

quarterly, and annual data are regularly available in 

Employment and Earnings.

C h aracteristics on N egro and other races 

presented in the 1974 edition include annual average 

data from the regular CPS schedule on such 

characteristics as working-age population, labor 

force participation, reason for non-participation, 

employment status, reason for unem ploym ent,

duration of unemployment, full-time and part-time 

work status, occupation, industry, and selected 

items for the 10 largest States, 19 SMSA’s, and 10 

central cities. D ata from CPS supplem ental 

schedules include labor force and employment status 

of high school graduates and dropouts, educational 

attainment, occupation by educational attainment, 

and low-income status.

Additional tables present projections of black 

population and labor force participation for 1975, 

1980, and 1985; c h aracteristics of blacks in 

manpower training programs, and employment in 

firms of 100 employees or more.

The textual p resen tatio n s contained in all 

M anpower R eports include discussions of the 

economic status of blacks and the relevance of 

m anpow er problem s and o pportunities for 

minorities. Specific references to blacks and other 

minorities can be found in Index to the Manpower 

Report of the President, 1963-72, available free of 

charge by w riting the Office of Inform ation, 

Inquiries Section, Manpower Administration, U.S. 

Department of Labor, Washington, D.C. 20213.

Data Published by the Bureau of the Census

Current Population Reports

These reports are based on data derived from 

supplem entary questions to the basic C urrent 

Population Survey (CPS) schedule; some are added 

annually while others appear on an irregular basis. 

Most publications in the P-20 and P-60 series of 

reports and occasional reports in most other series 

include inform ation on blacks. Some of the 

individual Current Population Reports are advance 

reports and contain very limited data, which are 

subsequently incorporated into more detailed final 

reports. Most of the advance reports are not listed 

individually in this section; however, most of those 

which contain data more recent than which appear in 

the latest final report for a given subject are cited at 

the end of the listing for that final report. Recently 

issued advance reports providing considerable data, 

however, are listed separately.

Listings of these reports are by series—P-20 

(characteristics of the population), P-23 (special 

studies on selected topics), P-25 (estimates and 

projections of the population), P-27 (farm population 

data), P-28 (results of special censuses), P-60 

(income), and P-65 (consumer expenditures). Within 

each series, the most recently issued report is cited 

first.

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Series P-20, No. 268, “ Nursery School and

Kindergarten Enrollment: October 1973” . This 

publication on 3- to 5- year-old children is the first 

Current Population Report to focus exclusively on 

preprim ary enrollm ent. D ata are based on 

supplemental questions to the October, 1973 Current 

Population Survey, Statistics on black children are 

presented by single years of age on enrollment 

statu s, type of school (nursery school, 

kindergarten), control of school (public, private), 

and part-day, full-day attendance. Other items 

tabulated according to age and enrollment status are 

the occupation and educational attainm ent of 

household heads, family income, type of residence, 

and region of residence.

The statistics in this report are comparable to 

those published by the Office of Education (OE) in 

the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare 

for the 1964 to 1972 period. The final such OE report 

was Preprimary Enrollment: October 1972 (DHEW 

Publication No. (OE) 73-11411).

Series P-20, No. 265, “ Fertility Expectations

of American Women: June 1973” . This Current

Population Report presents detailed statistics on 

fertility and expectations of future births according 

to a large num ber of social and econom ic 

characteristics of black women. These include age, 

type of residence, m arital status, age at first 

marriage, relationship to household head, interval 

since first marriage, interval since latest birth, 

expected date of next birth , years of school 

completed, labor force participation, and family 

income. The following items are also presented on 

husbands of wom en in tw o-parent fam ilies: 

difference in age between husband and wife, years of 

school completed, employment status, occupation, 

and income. This report includes numerous cross 

tabulations of these characteristics.

Another P-20 report (no. 263), “ Fertility Histories 

and Birth Expectations of American Women: June 

1971,” released about 2 months prior to No. 265, 

contains yet more detailed statistics on fertility, age 

of childbearing, spacing of births, and expectations 

of future childbearing. The June 1971 data are 

presented with a larger number of cross-tabulations 

and with some cohort analysis. Other recently issued 

P-20 reports with detailed statistics on black fertility 

include Nos. 248, 226, and 211.

Series P-20, No. 262, A “ M obility of the

Population of the United States, March 1970 to

March 1973” . This report presents data on persons 

according to mobility status (whether living in the

same house, central city, county, SMSA, State, or 

region) between March 1970 and March 1973. Data 

regarding the residential mobility of blacks include 

type of mobility (within or between the central cities 

and suburbs of SMSA’s; within or between SMSA’s 

and the areas outside SMSA’s; and same county or 

different county as well as same or different State 

and region), and such social and econom ic 

characteristics as educational attainm ent, labor 

force p articip atio n , em ploym ent statu s, and 

occupation.

An earlier Series P-20 report (No. 235) presents 

information for the March 1970 to March 1971 

period; however, its emphasis is more on county, 

State, and regional m obility, rath er than on 

movement within and among SMSA’s. Other P-20 

reports with mobility data on blacks include Nos. 

210, 193, and 188.

Series P-20, No. 260, “ Social and Economic

Characteristics of Students, October 1972” . This 

publication contains data by race in one text table, 

most of its 19 detailed tables, and in an appendix 

table. Most tables present enrollment status and 

level of school in which enrolled (with varying 

degrees of detail), cross-tabulated by one or more of 

the following characteristics: age, sex, type of 

residence, family status, years of school completed, 

public or private school, education of family head, 

income of family head, number of family members in 

college, full-time or part-time college attendence, 

type of college, and field of college study. There are 

also tables pertaining to children 3 to 6 years of age 

enrolled in special schools, enrollment status of 

persons in 1972 compared with that in 1971, and age 

grade and modal grade relationships. An appendix 

table presents historical data on the enrollment of 

blacks for single years from 1960 through 1972.

Detailed statistics on school enrollm ent for 

October of years prior to 1972 have been published in 

other reports of Series P-20, including No. 241 

(October 1971), and No. 222 (October 1970). A 

limited amount of advance data on the enrollment of 

blacks in October 1973 can be found in P-20, No. 261, 

“ School Enrollment in the United States: October 

1973 (Advance R eport).” This report contains 

information on enrollment status according to age, 

sex, whether enrolled at or below the college level, 

and high school graduation status. Additional detail 

will be included in a forthcoming final report on 

October 1973 school enrollment.

Series P-20, No. 258, “ Household and Family

Characteristics: March 1973” . This annual report

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presents characteristic data for households, families, 

subfamilies, and unrelated individuals. Among the 

items included for the black population are type of 

residence; sex of family head; family size, number of 

members of specified ages, and number of children 

by age; age of family head; age of husband by age of 

wife; and years of school completed, employment 

status, and occupation of family head; among others. 

Many of these characteristics appear in detailed 

cross-tabulations.

Data are generally presented at the national level; 

however, a few of the tables include characteristics 

for regions and three large m etropolitan 

concentrations. Similar data for March 1972 and 

1971 appear in Series P-20, Nos. 246, and 233, 

respectively. A limited amount of more recent data 

on black households and families are contained in 

P-20, No. 266, “ Households and Families by Type: 

March 1974.”

S e rie s P -2 0 , N o . 2 5 7 , “ U n d e rg ra d u a te

E n r o llm e n t in 2 -Y e a r a n d 4 -Y e a r C o lle g e s :

O cto b er 1 97 2 ” . One of the text tables in this report 

has summary statistics on the college enrollment of 

blacks 14 to 34 years old. Data are presented 

according to type of college, and year in college. 

N one of the detailed tables has any data on 

enrollment according to race. Similar data for 1971 

can be found in Report No. 236.

S eries P -20, N o. 255, "M a rita l S tatus an d

L iv in g A rra n g e m e n ts : M a rc h 1 9 7 3 " . M arital 

status, family status, and living arrangements by age, 

sex, type of residence, and region, are presented for 

the black population in five tables of this report. An 

additional table details the presence of parents and 

living arrangements for blacks under 18 according to 

age and sex. Comparable figures for 1972 and 1971 

were issued in Series P-20, Nos. 242 and 225, 

respectively.

S eries P -20, No. 253, "V oting a n d R eg istration in the E lection of N o ve m b er 1 97 2 ”. This report presents selected social and economic characteristics of persons of voting age according to voter 

registration status and voting participation in the 

November 1972 election. Characteristics tabulated 

for blacks 18 and older include age, sex, type of 

residence, marital status, school enrollment, years 

of school completed, labor force participation and 

employment status, occupation, class of worker, and 

family income.

Separate tables contain additional tabulations of 

many of the above listed characteristics according to

time of day person voted, use of absentee ballot, 

reason for not voting, and reason for nonregistration. A group of tables at the end of the report 

present characteristics of voters and non-voters in 

1972 according to voting participation in 1968. Statistics are at the national level with occasional presentations for regions.

Other recent P-20 reports with information on 

blacks of voting age include: Reports, No. 244, 

“ Voter Participation in November 1972;” No. 230, 

“ Characteristics of New Voters: 1972;” and No. 

228, “ Voting and Registration in the Election of 

November 1970.”

S eries P -20, N o. 245, "Livin g A rrang em ents

of C o llege S tu d en ts: O cto b er 197 1 ”. This report 

describes the living arrangements of college students 

as found in the October 1971 Current Population 

Survey. The listed arrangements include living in 

own household, with parents or relatives, with nonrelatives, in college housing, and other. These arrangements are cross-classified for the black population with such characteristics as sex, age, marital 

status, type of college, and living arrangements the 

previous summer.

S eries P -20, No. 243, "E d u ca tio n a l A tta in m en t:

M arch 1 97 2 ”. This annual educational attainment 

report contains 12 tables of which seven present data 

on the black population—all by age. In each table an 

attainment distribution ranging from 0 to 4 years of 

elementary school, to 5 years of college or more (in 

addition to median years com pleted) is crosstabulated by one or more of the following characteristics: type of residence, sex, region, occupation, 

and income. Occupation and income data are presented only for the male population.

S eries P-20, N o. 239, "M a rria g e, D ivorce, a n d

R em arriag e by Year of B irth : June 1 97 1 ”. This 

report is based on a June 1971 study sponsored by the 

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, utilizing supplementary questions to the 

Current Population Survey. Included is information 

on number of times married, when first and last 

marriage began, when and how the first and last 

marriages ended, and separations. In most tables the 

data are classified by year of birth and sex, and some 

of the marital indicators are presented by annual 

income and educational attainment. All 16 tables 

present data on blacks. Unlike many of the subject 

areas covered annually in the P-20 series of reports, 

this marital history study is the first of its kind since 

1967, the results of which were published in Series 

P-20, Number 223.

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Series P -23, No. 50, "F em ale F am ily H ea d s ”.

This study uses data from Current Population Surveys and the 1960 and 1970 decennial censuses to 

present summary data regarding trends in the incidence of female family headship and a profile of the 

social and economic characteristics of female family 

heads and their family members. Most of the report’s 

21 tables present the latest available data (usually 

from the March 1973 CPS) and comparable figures 

for 1960 and 1970. Twenty tables have statistical data 

on the black population.

Characteristic items portrayed for blacks include 

age, type of residence, marital status, family size, 

number of children, educational attainment, labor 

force participation, occupation, work experience, 

income, source of income, incidence of low-income 

status, tenure of housing, and the relationship of rent 

to income. Two tables focus on the incidence and age 

female primary individuals, and one table presents 

summary data on the age, marital status, and number 

of children of female headed subfamilies.

S eries P-23, N o. 49, "P o p u latio n of the U nited

States, Trends a n d P rosp ects: 1950-19 90 ”. This 

report was prepared as a part of the background 

material for the World Population Conference held 

August 1974. It represents one of a series of “ country statements’’ prepared by each of 57 cooperating 

countries. Its statistics are from the 1950, 1960, and 

1970 decennial census, Current Population Surveys, 

annual vital statistics records and numerous other 

sources both Government and private. Its content is 

primarily text presentation; however there are about 

20 tables and several charts with summary data on 

the black population. Among the characteristics on 

blacks covered in the tables are fertility, childspacing, and illegitimate births; life expectancy and death 

rates by cause; illiteracy; income; and such employment items as occupation, industry, labor force participation, and number of earners in families.

S e rie s P -2 3 , N o . 4 8 , “ T he S o c ia l a n d

E co n o m ic S tatus o f the B la ck P o p u latio n the U n ­

ited States, 1 973” . This publication is the seventh in 

a series of special studies on the black population 

released by the Bureau of the Census, the first four of 

which were published jointly with the Bureau of 

Labor Statistics. These studies contain numerous 

statistical tables relating to a wide range of social, 

economic, and other chracteristics, with a discussion of findings, including the most significant trends 

and patterns for each characteristic. The particular 

focus of this year’s report is on the changes which

have occurred in the early 1970’s. Comparisons are 

made with the mid- and late-1960’s. Most of the 

material in these reports is from Current Population 

Surveys and the 1970 census; however, some data 

are also provided by other sources, both inside and 

outside the Federal Government.

Demographic and social characteristics covered in 

this edition include population composition and distribution, marital and family characteristics, fertility 

and birth expectations, and education. Economic 

items include labor force participation, employment 

status, work experience, occupation and industry, 

union membership, income and earnings, and lowincome status. Other subject areas covered include 

voting, holders of political office, selected housing 

characteristics, expenditures on cars and other consumer durable goods, and health and vital statistics. 

Separate chapters detail the status of black women 

and the characteristics of blacks living in the 

low-income areas of cities with a 250,000 black 

inhabitants or more in 1970. Some of the tables 

present comparable data for whites, and a few 

include statistics according to region.

Earlier reports in this series of special studies have 

included statistics on migration, military participation, crime victimization, subemployment, and other 

items. The following is a listing of the six other reports in this series:

Census

Bureau BLS

Report Title Current report

Population

Report

series, number

number

“The Social and Economic Status

of the Black Population in the

United States, 1972“

P-23, No. 46 *

“The Social and Economic Status

of the Black Population in the

United States, 1971“

P-23, No. 42 *

“The Social and Economic Status

of Negroes in the United States,

1970“

P-23, No. 38 394

“The Social and Economic Status

of Negroes in the United States,

1969“

P-23, No. 29 375

“Recent Trends in Social and

Economic Conditions of Negroes in

the United States” (Issued, July

1968)

P-23, No. 26 347

“ Social and Economic Conditions

of Negroes in the United States”

(Issued, October 1967)

P-23, No. 24 332

* Published solely by Bureau of Census with BLS contributing

data and analysis on labor force and employment developments.

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S e rie s P -2 3 , N o . 4 4 , “ C h a ra c te ris tic s o f

A m e ric a n Y o u th : 1 9 7 2 ’’. “ C haracteristics of 

American Youth: 1972” , is the fourth annual P-23 

series report issued on the 14 to 24 year old population. Subjects on which data are presented for black 

youth are population, school enrollment, educational attainment, marital status, family status, voter 

participation, fertility, labor force status and low 

income.

The tables in this publication present generalized 

data; however detailed data on these subject areas 

can be obtained from appropriate reports in the P-20, 

and P-60 series.

S eries P -23, N o. 41, “P relim in ary N atio n al

C ensus Survival Rates, By R ace a n d Sex, F o r 1960

to 1 970’’. This report presents survival rates by race 

for the 1960-70 decade. These rates are based on the 

population as enumerated by age in two successive 

decennial censuses and represent the ratio of the 

population in a given age group at the second census 

to the population in the same cohort at the earlier 

census, and adjusted to exclude net immigration during the intercensal period. Data are provided, by age 

and sex, for the “ Negro and other races” category as 

well as for Negroes only.

Series P -23, No. 39, “ D ifferen ces B etw een

In co m es o f W hite a n d N eg ro F am ilies by W ork

E xp erien ce o f Wife a n d R eg io n : 1970, 1969, a n d

1 95 9 ’’. This report presents statistical data on white 

and Negro husband-wife families by family income, 

earnings of the husband and of the wife, work experience and occupation of the wife, and age of the 

husband, for 1970,1969, and 1959. Data are provided 

at the national level, for the South, and for the balance of the Nation. An earlier report in the P-23 

series, “ Differences Between Incomes of White and 

Negro Families by Region, 1969 and 1959” , P-23, 

No. 35, provides similar income data but with less 

detail.

S eries P -23, No. 37, “S o cial a n d E co n om ic

C h aracteristics of the P o p u la tio n in M etro p o litan

a n d N o n m etro p o litan A reas: 1970 a n d I9 6 0 ’’. The 

data in this report are from the March 1970, Current 

Population Survey and a one-in-a-thousand sample 

of the 1960 census. The purpose is to compare findings over the 10-year period. All tables present data 

for the following type of residence categories for 

both years: (1) metropolitan areas, (2) central cities 

within metropolitan areas, (3) suburban rings, and (4) 

nonmetropolitan areas. A few tables cover SMSA’s 

of 250,000 inhabitants or more. Coverage of the 

black population is present in all 30 tables, and most 

are tabulated by the sex of persons or of family 

heads, whichever is applicable.

The characteristics covered are age, region, type 

of family, marital status, presence of children, 

education, labor force and employment status, 

occupation, weeks worked, earnings and income. A 

total of 12 tables present characteristics of the 

low-income population.

This report is the third in a series presenting data 

for persons residing in m etropolitan and 

nonmetropolitan areas. Data for 1968 and 1969 were 

presented in Series P-23, Numbers 27, and 33.

S e rie s P -2 3, N o. 36, “ F e rtility In d ic a to rs :

1970’’. “ Fertility indicators: 1970,” is one of the few 

Current Population Reports which includes some 

data from the National Center for Health Statistics in 

HEW, and privately conducted surveys. The focus 

of this report is on trends and differentials in fertility 

during the preceding decade; however, some tables 

present time series extending back 50 years to provide historical perspective.

Characteristic items presented for the black population include recent trends in fertility; fertility by 

age structure, marital status, and such social and 

economic characteristics as type of residence, occupation, income and education; child spacing; birth 

expectations; illegitimacy; and attitudes toward contraception and abortion.

S eries P -25, Nos. 5 1 9 ,4 6 1 , a n d 441, “P o p u la ­

tion E stim ates a n d P r o j e c t i o n s The P-25 series of 

Current Population Reports generally presents population estimates and projections for the United States 

as a whole; however, there are occasional reports 

with data at less than the National level, and/or with 

breakdowns by age, sex, or race or all three. The 

most recent such report with data on blacks is No. 

519, “ Estimates of the Population of the United 

States, by Age, Sex, and Race: April 1, 1960 to July 

1, 1973” . This publication presents estimates of the 

Negro as well as the Negro and other races popula28

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tion by single years of age and by sex, for July 1 of 

each year from 1960 to 1963. It provides three separate series of estimates—of the total population including armed forces overseas, of the resident population, and of the civilian population. In addition are 

April 1, 1960 and 1970 counts from decennial censuses.

A previous P-25 publication with information on 

blacks is No. 461, “ Components of Population 

Change by County: 1960 to 1970.” The statistical 

data in this report are not from the CPS but from the 

1970 census, and also comprise part of the material in 

the PHC(2) Series of reports. The only other P-25 

report with data on blacks issued since early 1970 is 

No. 441, “ Estimates of the Population of the United 

States, by Age, Race, and Sex: July 1,1967 to July 1, 

1969,” issued March 1970. Its data comprise part of 

the estimates contained in P-25, No. 519, cited 

above.

S eries P-27, No. 45, ”Farm P o p u lation of the

U n ited S ta te s ; 197 3 ”. This report is one of a series 

of annual reports on the farm population prepared 

cooperatively by the Bureau of the Census and the 

Economic Research Service of the Department of 

Agriculture. Detailed data on blacks (Negro and 

other races) include counts of the farm population by 

sex and age; labor force participation, employment 

status, and whether employed in agricultural industries for persons 14 years old and over by sex and 

region; and class of worker, by whether employed in 

agricultural industries, sex, and region, for persons 

age 14 and over. In addition, general statistics on 

type of family, family size, number of children in 

family, fertility, income, and low-income status are 

provided for both the farm and nonfarm black population.

Comparable data for 1972 appear in Series P-27, 

No. 44, and earlier reports have been published annually since 1961.

S eries P-28, No. 1508, S u m m ary of S p ecial

Censuses C o n d u cted by the B u reau of the C ensus B etw een July 1 ,1 9 7 3 a n d D e c e m b e r 3 1 ,1 9 7 3 .

This report summarizes the findings of special 

censuses6 conducted during the last 6 months of 

1973. A total of 68 such censuses were taken during

6A special census is generally undertaken on the authorization

of an appropriate local government. The local government agrees

to pay all the necessary expenses and to provide office space and

equipment. Ordinarily the content of a special census is limited to

questions on age, sex, race, and household relationship, although

additional items may be included at the request and expense of the

sponsor.

this period, most of which were in portions of Arkansas, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin. 

Data for blacks in this publication (and in the P-28 

reports listed below) are limited to counts, by sex, of 

the Negro and other races population.

Report P-28, No. 1507, “ Summary of Special 

Censuses Conducted by the Bureau of the Census 

Between January 1, 1973 and June 30, 1973,” 

presents a summary of 92 special censuses. Most of 

these were conducted in portions of Arkansas, 

Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin.

Report P-28, No. 1500, “ Summary of Special Censuses Conducted by the Bureau of the Census Between April 1, 1970 and December 31, 1972,” provides summary data from the 141 special censuses 

taken during the 33 month period following the taking of the decennial census. Most of these were conducted in a large number of suburban communities in 

the Chicago, Illinois SMS A. A large number of special censuses were also conducted in parts of Arkansas and North Dakota during this period.

Series P-60, No. 96, " H o u seh o ld M on ey In ­

com e in 1973 a n d S e le cted S o cial a n d E co n om ic

C haracteristics of H o u seh o ld s” . This report includes limited data from the March 1974 Current 

Population Survey on households headed by blacks. 

Characteristics items include the representation of 

black households within each income quantile of all 

households; the distribution of income among black 

households; and number of persons, number under 

18 years of age, and number 18 or older. Similar 

reports for 1972, 1971, and 1970 are Series P-60, 

Numbers 89, 84, and 79 respectively.

S eries P -60, No. 95, “S u p p lem en tary R ep o rt

on the L o w -In co m e P o p u la tio n : 1966 to 1972”.

This report presents detailed social and economic 

data for the total population and for those below the 

low-income level for individual years of the 1966-72 

period. These data, based on the March 1967 to 1973 

Current Population Surveys, were extracted from a 

series of tabulations prepared for the Office of 

Economic Opportunity. They supplement data on 

the low-income population published in other Series 

P-60 reports.(See P-60, No. 91.)

Included among the data presented in this report’s 

11 tables are tabulations of the low-income status of 

blacks cross-tabulated by age and sex, type of residence, family status, employment status, work experience, reason for not working, occupation, industry, major activity (in school and other), income, and 

type of income. Selected data are presented for

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blacks in each of the 10 Federal Administrative 

regions for 1969 to 1972 and on the characteristics of 

blacks with incomes between 100 and 125 percent, 

and between 125 and 150 percent of the low-income 

level for the same years.

Series P-60, No. 94, “ C h aracteristics of the

L o w -In co m e P o p u la tio n : 1 97 3 ”. “ Characteristics 

of the Low-Income Population: 1973” is an advance 

report with a considerable amount of preliminary 

data on black families and persons according to 

low -incom e status. D ata for persons include 

low-income status according to sex, age, and family 

status. Information on families include tabulations 

according to type of residence; family size and 

number of children; and the age, sex, educational 

attainment, employment status, work experience, 

and occupation of the family head. Limited data are 

also provided on income deficit (the additional 

income required to attain the low-income level) and 

the incidence of persons with income less than 125 

percent of the low-income level. A detailed report 

with numerous cross-tabulations will be issued later 

this year. D etailed rep o rt with num erous 

cross-tabulations will be issued later this year. 

Detailed information on the low-income population 

in 1972 are available in Series P-60, Nos. 91 and 95.

S eries P -60, No. 93, “ M o n ey In c o m e in 1973

of Fam ilies a n d P ersons in the U n ited S ta te s ”.

This is an advance rep o rt which includes a 

considerable amount of data on the income of black 

families and persons. Median 1973 income of all 

black families and families in which the head worked 

year-round full-time is presented according to type 

of residence, region, type of family, and number of 

earners. Medians for black persons and year-round 

full-time workers are provided according to region. 

Income distributions are presented for all families, 

unrelated individuals, and persons, but without any 

cross-classification. A more detailed 1973 income 

report is scheduled for release in the latter part of 

1974. Detailed data, however, are available for 1972; 

see P-60, No. 90, below.

Series P -60, No. 91, “ C haracteristics of the

L o w -In co m e P o p u la tio n : 1 97 2 ”. Coverage of the 

low-income population has been a part of the P-60, 

Consumer Income Series of reports since 1963. 

Since 1968 they have been issued on an annual basis. 

In addition to current information, some of these 

reports contain historical data beginning in 1959. The 

report for 1972 contain 45 detailed tables, all but

eight with data on the black population. These tables 

show the number and incidence of persons and 

families with low-income by such characteristics as 

type of residence, region, residential mobility, 

marital status, type of family, number of children, 

education, age, employment status, occupation, 

number of earners, work experience, and type of 

incom e. There are several tables presenting 

information on the amount of income needed to close 

the gap between current income and the low-income 

threshold. In addition, 12 summary tables can be 

found among the 14 pages of text material at the 

beginning of the report. Some previous P-60 reports 

on the low-income population include numbers 86, 

81,76, and 68.

Additional tabulations on 1972 low-income are 

available in Series P-60, No. 95, and advance data for 

1973 are presented in Series P-60, No. 94.

S eries P -60, No. 90, “ M o n e y In c o m e in 1972

o f F am ilies a n d P ersons in the U n ited S ta te s ”.

This publication, the latest in a series of detailed 

annual reports on income, contains 76 tables of 

incom e d ata from the M arch 1973 C urrent 

Population Survey. About half of the tables contain 

information on the incomes of blacks. The data 

include income of families and unrelated individuals 

and earnings of persons by type of residence, region, 

marital status, type of family, number of children, 

education, age, number of earners in the family, 

weeks worked, and other characterisics. Additional 

tables present information on the source of income 

and some historical data from 1947 through 1971.

A text section prefacing the detailed tables contain 

discussions of findings, related reports, definitions, 

data comparability, and the source and relability of 

the estimates.

The P-60 series reports on incom e contain 

information by race dating as far back as 1954; 

how ever rep o rts issued before 1965 have 

considerably less detail than later ones. A list of 

previously issued P-60 reports is provided on pages 

165-66 of the 1972 income report.

S e rie s P -6 5 , N o . 4 7 , “ H o u s e h o ld

E x p e n d itu re s on C a rs a n d S e le c te d N e w

H o u seh o ld D u ra b le s : 1968 to 1972, A n n u al D a ta ”.

This Current Population Report presents data 

regarding the spending on major durable goods by 

households in the 1968-72 period. These data were 

gathered in the Survey of C onsum er Buying 

Expectations (CBE), which was conducted on a 

quarterly basis from July 1966 through April 1973,

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but has since been discontinued.

Expenditures of black headed households are 

presented for each of the 5 years and for all years 

com bined. In addition, the num ber of item s 

purchased per 100 households over the 5-year period 

is given. Durable goods covered include new cars, 

used cars, washing m achines, clothes dryers, 

kitchen ranges, refrig erato rs and freezers, 

dishwashers, room airconditioners, black and white 

televisions, and color televisions.

Results from each of the individual quarterly 

surveys are published in previous P-65 reports. 

These reports also contain home buying data, and 

probability statistics on the purchase of homes and 

consumer durables. However, they do not provide 

the detail on individual appliances, by race, 

contained in P-65, No. 47. Report No. 46 contains a 

statement concerning the decision to discontinue the 

CBE Survey.

Data published by the Department of Agriculture

Agricultural Economic Reports

R ep o rt No. 239, “ The H ire d Farm W orking

F o rce of 1972: a S tatistical R e p o rt” . This annual 

report published by the Economic Research Service 

presents information on the size and composition of 

the hired farm working force and on the employment 

and earnings from farm and nonfarm work during the 

year. Data are obtained from supplemental questions 

to each December’s Current Population Survey 

schedule. Statistics for Negro and other races in the 

1972 report include: Number of farm workers by sex, 

man-days of farm wage work, and per day and per 

year wages earned for farm and nonfarm work by 

region and sex. Separate tables provide data for 

persons who did 25 days of farm work or more and 

for those who reported farm work exclusively. 

Reports 222, 201, and 180 provide similar data for 

1971, 1970, and 1969, respectively.

Selected Other Data Sources

The following listings provide selected data 

sources other than the 1970 Decennial Sources and 

the C urrent Population Survey. Unlike the 

Decennial Census and the CPS, some of the 

following sources are not from household surveys, 

but generally from surveys of em ployers and 

educational institutions, and from the records of 

social welfare programs.

Rural Development Service Statistical

Bulletins

B u lletin No. 520 “ In a d e q u ate H ousing an d

P o v e rty S ta tu s o f H o u s e h o ld s ” . This report 

presents statistics on the incidence of low-income 

and inadequate housing in areas served by Farmers 

Administration (FHA) Programs (rural areas and 

places having 2,500 to 10,000 inhabitants located 

outside urbanized areas). Data are drawn from the 

1970 decennial census. Data for blacks include 

number of housing units, number of units lacking 

complete plumbing, and household in poverty in 

FHA areas at the National, Federal administrative 

region, and State levels.

Data from the Civil Service Commission

Minority Group Employment in the Federal

Government (November 1972)

This biannual publication issued by the Bureau of 

Manpower Information Systems, presents statistics 

on the number and incidence of minority group 

Federal employees according to pay plan and grade 

or salary level. Reports are issued for May and 

November of each year.

The reports issued each November provide the 

number and proportion of blacks at the national level 

for 120 separate Federal agencies according to pay 

plan and detailed grade and salary level. In addition, 

Government-wide totals are provided for each State, 

75 individual SMSA’s, and 11 civil service regions 

according to pay plan and grade or salary level 

grouping. An introductory text to the November, 

1972 edition includes some tables with data for the 

1969-72 period. Reports issued each May are less 

detailed and coverage is generally limited to the 

national level.

Data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture

Data from the Bureau of the Census7

Statistical Abstract of the United States:

1973

The Statistical Abstract, published annually since

7Census Bureau publications with results of the decennial

census and the Current Population Survey are described

elsewhere in this directory.

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
1878, provides a selection of data on the social, 

political, and economic organization of the United 

States from both governmental and private sources. 

In addition to presenting more than a thousand tables 

on numerous subjects, it is appended with a detailed 

guide to statistical source publications, a list of State 

statistical abstracts, and a directory of government 

and other agencies providing input to this volume.

The 1973 edition contains over 100 tables with data 

on the characteristics of the black population; a large 

number of which come from decennial censuses and 

Current Population Surveys, covering demographic, 

educational, labor force, employment, income, and 

housing ch aracteristics. H ow ever, there are 

numerous tables containing other data from sources 

which are not described elsewhere in this directory. 

These tables include statistics on health and vital 

statistics (section 2 of the 1973 Statistical Abstract),

arrests and crime victimization (section 5), and 

school desegregation (section 4).

County and City Data Book, 1972

This volume is the eighth in the County and City

Data Book series and the first to incorporate data 

from the 1970 Census. It contains eight summary 

data items on black population and housing for the 

United States, each of the four regions, 50 States, 

3,141 counties (or county equivalents), 243 SMSA’s 

and 248 urbanized areas, and the 840 cities and 76 

unincorporated places of 25,000 inhabitants or more. 

Items included are: Number of blacks in 1970 and 

percent increase between 1960 and 1970; black as a 

percent of total elementary and secondary school 

enrollment; median 1969 income of black families; 

number of black occupied housing units; and proportions of those units which are owner occupied, lacking some or all plumbing facilities, and with 1.01 

persons or more per room. For urbanized areas, 

cities, and unincorporated places, additional black 

data are presented—families as a proportion of total 

families, and percent of black families below the 

low-income level.

Census of Agriculture: 1969, reports

Selected 1969 Census of Agriculture reports includes data on black operated farms and their 

operators. Volume 1 Area Reports (a series of State 

reports containing Statewide and county data) provides statistics on such characteristics as age, place 

of residence, and weeks worked off the farm of black

operators; tenure, type of organization, size and type 

of farm, economic class, and acres of harvested croplands; and value of farm, machinery and equipment, 

and crops harvested. Some of these data are provided for individual counties, with greater coverage 

of counties in the southern States.

Volume II is a series of nine publications, each 

designated as a chapter for the General Report,

which is a national summary. Of the four chapters 

with data on black operated farms (Nos. 2, 3, 7, and 

8), number two contains the most information. In it 

are such characteristics as tenure, age of operator, 

acreage, and economic class of farm. More detailed 

statistics are presented for the South. Some of the 

tables in both volumes I and II provide comparative 

data for earlier years, in particular, 1964.

Minority-Owned Business: 1969

This publication presents the first comprehensive 

statistical data compiled on black-owned businesses. 

Its coverage includes industrial activity, geographic 

location, employment, gross receipts, and legal form 

of organization. Data are provided for the Nation, 

each State and the District of Columbia, and SMSA’s 

having 500 minority-owned firms or more. Greatest 

detail is at the national level, with coverage of more 

than 300 separate industrial groups. More recent 

data are scheduled for release during the latter part of 

1974.

Data from the Equal Employment Opportunity

Commission

Equal Employment Opportunity Report:

1970, Job Patterns for Minorities and

Women in Private Industry

This annually issued report (in 2 volumes) provides data on the employment of minorities by industry and broad occupational categories for the United 

States, States, and standard metropolitan statistical 

areas. These statistics are based on reports submitted to the Commission in early 1970 by 45,000 employers representing nearly 140,000 reporting 

establishm ents and covering about 31 million 

workers. This is the fifth annual report containing 

such information, required by either Title VII of the 

Civil Rights Act of 1964 or under Executive Order 

11246.

Employment data for blacks, by sex, are provided 

as follows: (1) Nationwide total of black workers

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
"covering all establishm ents in the survey; (2) 

statewide totals for 49 States and the District of 

Columbia (Hawaiian firms are not required to report 

to the EEOC); (3) industry of employment, by State, 

for each of 60 industry groups. These tables are 

published for those States in which there are at least 

10 reporting establishments within the industry, or at 

least five establishm ents and at least 2,000 

employees; and (4) selected industry tables (for 

industries meeting the same 10/5-2000 requirement 

above) for the 136 SMSA’s containing 10,000 blacks 

or more, according to the 1960 census.

Reports for 1971 and 1973 are scheduled for release in the latter part of 1974.

Data from the Department of Health, Education,

and Welfare

Findings of the 1971 AFDC Study Parts I and

III

This report of the National Center for Social 

Statistics in HEW , presents tabulations of the 

characteristics of beneficiaries under the Aid to 

Fam ilies with D ependent C hildren (AFDC) 

program, administered by the States and the Social 

and Rehabilitation Service of HEW. Data are based 

on caseload sample statistics submitted by State 

welfare agencies.

These findings include five tables with statistics on 

blacks. Table 2 of part I presents the percentage of 

blacks among AFDC families and children for the 

United States, geographic divisions, and 20 States. 

Part III includes four tables with data at the national 

level concerning the family status of the fathers and 

mothers of AFDC children, the length of time 

families have been receiving AFDC benefits, and 

type of residence.

Statistics similar to those in table 2 (of part I) for 

black beneficiaries under the Old Age Assistance, 

Aid to the Blind, and Aid to the Permanently and 

Totally Disabled programs are available in Findings

o f the 1970 OAA Study, Findings o f the 1970 AB

Study, and Findings o f the 1970 APTD Study.

Racial and Ethnic Enrollment Data from Institutions of Higher Education: Fall 1970

This report, published by the Office for Civil 

Rights includes college enrollment statistics on black 

full-time students in higher education according to 

level (undergraduate, graduate) for the Nation,

States, and individual institutions. Data are from a

1970 survey conducted by the Office for Civil Rights 

upon those institutions receiving or expecting to 

receive some form of Federal financial assistance. 

Comparable data are included for total enrollment, 

American Indians, Orientals, and Spanish sumamed 

persons.

Digest of Educational Statistics, 1973

The 1973 edition of this annual Office of Education 

publication contains 21 tables with summary information on the black population, black students, and 

the schools they attend. Some of these tables contain 

school enrollment, educational attainm ent, and 

labor force data excerpted from Current Population 

Reports, Special Labor Force Reports, and decennial censuses—data sources already enumerated in 

this Directory. Other tables have information on 

items not already covered, including black enrollment in adult education programs; first-time college 

students by race; enrollment and degrees conferred 

in institutions attended predominantly by blacks; 

representation of blacks on college faculties; age of 

public school buildings used by blacks; racial/ethnic 

isolation (segregation) in public schools; and 1969 

test scores, by race, in five areas of educational 

progress.

Social Security Bulletin, Annual Statistical

Supplement, 1971

This annual supplement contains numerous statistical tables on the characteristics of perons receiving 

benefits under the social security program. In the

1971 edition, six of its 146 tables present information 

for blacks. Included among these tables are data on 

the number of blacks receiving social security 

benefits during the year, number in current-payment 

status at the end of the year, and average monthly 

amount of benefit according to type of beneficiary, 

age, sex for the N ation; num ber of blacks 

beneficiaries for regions and States; and number of 

black persons receiving worker disability allowances 

according to cause of disability and occupation. 

Similar data for previous years are available in 

earlier editions of the supplement. In addition, 

statistical data by race for 1969 have been published 

in “ Social Security Benefits and Earnings of 

Minority Groups in Covered Employment” , Social 

Security Administration Research and Statistics

N otes, No. 5— 1971.

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Unemployment Insurance Statistics

This periodical provides monthly data collected 

and reported to the Manpower Administration by 

cooperating State employment security agencies, 

and in some cases from interviews with a sample of 

unemployment insurance claimants. Limited data 

for Negro and other races are available in eight tables 

presenting information at the national level. Two of 

these tables also have data for individual States. 

Characteristics for Negro and other races include 

age, sex, weeks unemployed, occupation, industry, 

and educational attainment.

Manpower Research Monographs

M o n o g rap h Nos. 15, 16, 21, a n d 24. These 

Manpower Research Monographs present results 

from 5-year longitudinal studies performed by the 

Center for Human Resource Research of The Ohio 

State University, under contract for the Manpower 

Administration.8 These studies examine the labor 

market experience of four groups of the national 

population: Men 45 to 59 years old, women 30 to 44, 

and young men and women age 14 to 24. Each group 

was surveyed at annual intervals, for a total of six 

surveys in the 5-year period.

At this time the results of the flrstthree surveys for 

the older women and the younger men, the first four 

surveys for the older men, and the initial survey for 

the younger women have been published in the following monographs:

No. 15, Volumes I, II, III—“The Pre-Retirement Years’’ (men

aged 45 to 59 at the time of the initial survey in 1966).

8The U.S. Bureau of the Census, under a separate contract is

responsible for development of the samples, conducting all the

interviews, processing data, and preparing the tabulations

requested by the Center for Human Resource Research. The

Center is responsible for the analysis of data and the preparation

of the reports.

Data from the Manpower Administration of the

Department of Labor

No. 16, Volumes I, II, III— “Career Thresholds’’ (men 14 to 24

years old at the time of the initial survey in 1966).

No. 21, Volumes I, II— “DualCareers’’ (women 30to 44years

old at the time of their initial survey in mid-1967).

No. 24, Volume I—“Years for Decision’’ (women 14 to 24

years old at the time of their first survey in early-1968).

Additional volumes under each title and at least 

one consolidated summary report are planned for 

future publication.

Most of the statistical tables in the currently available volumes contain information for blacks on a 

large number of social and economic characteristic 

items. These include marital status, labor force participation, employment status, years of school completed, vocational training, occupation and industry, 

hourly pay, hours or weeks worked or both, and 

occupational and geographic mobility. In addition, 

numerous items pertaining to health, commitment to 

the work ethic, job attachment, and job satisfaction 

are presented in most reports.

The amount of discussion and number of tables 

devoted to individual characteristic items enumerated above, as well as those covered in only a few 

volumes, vary among the four population groups. 

For example, data on prospective retirement and 

pension plans, and relatively greater coverage of job 

satisfaction and health items are found in the reports 

on the older men. For the older women, there is 

relatively heavy emphasis on the presence of children, attitudes on working women, and other labor 

force participation determinants. For the younger 

groups, such items as school enrollment, educational 

and occupational aspirations, and knowledge of the 

world of work are large parts of the volumes on 

young men; while enrollment, aspirations, presence 

of clerical skills, and presence of children items 

comprise a large part of the monograph on women 14 

to 24 years old.

Most of the items covered in these reports are 

presented in cross-classification with one or more 

other items. In addition, a large body of explanatory 

and analytical text discusses findings and year-toyear changes.

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Section II. Persons of Spanish Ancestry

Introduction

Data are available for persons of Spanish ancestry 

according to several different definitions. The 1970 

census used four basic identifiers to provide statistical information for persons of Mexican, Puerto 

Rican, Cuban, or other Spanish background. These 

identifiers are based on origin, surname, language, 

and birthplace. The use of multiple identifiers reflects the fact that ethnicity is considerably more 

difficult to ascertain than race, which in the census, 

is based on the respondent’s self-identification. Only 

one of the Spanish identifiers—Spanish origin or 

descent—relies on self-identification. It is also the 

means by which the Spanish ancestry population has 

been identified in the Census Bureau’s Current 

Population Surveys.

Spanish origin—This identifier, used in a decennial census for the first time in 1970, is based on 

self-identification according to responses to the following question asked of a 5 percent sample of 

households throughout all areas of the country: “ Is 

this person’s origin or descent—(fill one circle).’’

0 Mexican 0 Central or South American

0 Puerto Rican 0 Other Spanish

0 Cuban 0 No, None of these

Data based on the origin identifier are presented 

prim arily in the Volume II, Subject R ep o rts,

however Spanish ancestry data located in any census 

report on such 5 percent sample questions as work 

disability, vocational training, number of bedrooms, 

and type of fuels used in the home, are also based on 

this identifier.

Spanish surname—This identifier has been used in 

the 1950, 1960, 1970 censuses to classify separately 

the large concentration of Spanish sumamed persons 

in the Southwest. In five Southwest States (Arizona, 

California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas) 

persons with Spanish surname were identified by 

means of a list of over 8,000 Spanish surnames 

originally com plied by the U nited States 

Immigration and Naturalization Service in 1936 and 

later up-dated by the Bureau of the Census.

Spanish language—This concept was used for the 

first time in the 1970 census; however, the basic 

component, mother tongue, has a relatively long 

history in census use. The question on mother 

tongue is related to the language spoken in the 

person’s home as a child, and was asked of the 15 

percent sample of households. Persons of Spanish 

language consist of persons having reported Spanish 

mother tongue and all other persons in families in 

which the head or wife reported Spanish as his or her 

mother tongue. About 18 percent of persons of 

Spanish language in 1970 were not actually of 

Spanish mother tongue.

Spanish language is the largest component of the 

Spanish heritage definition used in presenting most 

data in Volume I of the population census, in a few 

Volume II reports, and in many of the housing 

census publications.

Birth or parentage—The identifier with the 

longest history of census use is the one in which 

information on the birthplace of the individual and of 

his parents was obtained. From the questions, 

information is obtained concerning the number of 

first and second generation immigrants from such 

countries as M exico, Cuba, and other Latin 

American countries as well as persons of Puerto 

Rican birth or parentage. Birth and parentage data, 

how ever, fail to include third and successive 

generation m em bers of an ethnic group. This 

identifier is used in some of the PC(2) Subject 

Reports. It is also used for the Middle Atlantic States 

in defining the term Spanish heritage.

Spanish heritage—This is a summary concept 

making use of the language, surname, and birth and 

parentage identifiers. It is the basis of most Spanish 

ancestry data in the Volume I reports of the Census 

of Population, the Volume I and II reports of the 

Census of Housing, and the PHC(l) Census Tract 

reports. A person is defined to be Spanish heritage if 

he is (a) of Puerto Rican birth or parentage in New 

Jersey, New York, or Pennsylvania, (b) of Spanish 

language or Spanish surname in Arizona, California, 

Colorado, New Mexico, or Texas, (c) or of Spanish

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language in the other 42 States and the District of 

Columbia.

Yet another identifier was used for persons of 

Spanish A ncestry in m ost of the Census 

E m ploym ent Survey reports (PHC(3) 

Series)—white Spanish. This group consisted of 

white persons of Spanish mother tongue or birth or 

both, or parent’s birth in a Spanish speaking country.

As previously m entioned, the Spanish origin 

self-identifier is also used in the Current Population 

Survey. The questionnaire wording, however, has 

varied among surveys with regard to this 

identifier—and affects consistency in the number or 

persons identifying one’s self as of Spanish origin or 

descent. In the November 1969 CPS, the respondent 

was asked to choose from six items (Is . . . ’s origin or 

descent? Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or 

South American, other Spanish, None of these). 

Those choosing “ none of these’’ were then asked a 

second ethnicity question regarding other origin or 

descent. Ethnic identification in the March 1971 and

1972 surveys consisted of only one question with 15 

items. Those who chose Mexicano or Chicano, 

Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or 

other Spanish were classified as of Spanish origin or 

descent.

In the November 1972 survey, there was another 

variation—an origin or descent question with 16 

choice categories. Spanish origin choices included 

Mexican-American, Chicano, Mexican (Mexicano), 

Puerto Rican, Cuban, and other Spanish. The March

1973 CPS had 17 categories, seven of which were 

Spanish identifiers—those which were in the 

November 1972 survey plus a Central or South 

American entry. The March 1973 question has 

remained as a continuing CPS item since that date.

These slight changes can affect the counts of all 

persons of Spanish origin or descent and those of one 

or more specific origins. For example, more persons 

will fall into the Mexican American category given 

the choices of M exican-American, Chicano, or 

Mexican (Mexicano), than given the Mexican choice 

alone.

Spanish ancestry data in the EEOC employment 

reports are published under the heading of Spanish 

surnam e. H ow ever, employers completing the 

EEOC reporting forms are instructed to indentify 

Spanish “ sumamed’’ Americans by “ inspection of 

records bearing the employees’ names, by visual 

survey, by employees’ use of the Spanish language, 

or other indications that they belong to this group. . . 

In all instances . .. included in the minority group to 

which he or she appears to belong, or is regarded in

the community as belonging.’’ Hence, the EEOC 

Spanish identifier is broader than that of surname 

alone. The Spanish surnamed classification in the 

Civil Service Com m ission reports on Federal 

employment is similar—based on origin, language, 

visual observation, and what the employee is 

regarded by his or her self, the community or the 

work environm ent, as well as surname. In the 

collection of the EEOC and the CSC data, the direct 

questioning of the employee as to race or ethnicity 

was not permitted.

Statistics from HEW are based on similarly broad 

Spanish ancestry identification expect those from 

the Social Security Administration, which are based 

on surname alone.

The data available for persons of Spanish ancestry 

is considerably less than that for blacks. The best 

sources include selected reports from the 1970 

decennial census, a few of the P-20 and P-60 Series of 

Current Population Reports, and the annual Equal 

Em ploym ent O pportunity C om m ission’s 

employment report. As already mentioned, persons 

of Spanish ancestry are identified according to 

several different definitions; the individual data 

source listings indicate the specific identifier used in 

each report or series or reports.

Alm ost all publications containing Spanish 

ancestry data also contain comparable statistics for 

blacks and the total population. In a number of 

reports similar data are available for whites also.

For the user who needs publications covering a 

wide range of social and economic characteristics of 

persons of Spanish ancestry at the National level, 

without detailed cross-classification of items, there 

are three rep o rts which can satisfy such 

requirements. These are the Census o f Population:

1970, PC(2)-1C, Subject Reports, “ Persons of 

Spanish Origin’’; the PC (1)-1C, “ General Social and 

Econom ic C h aracteristics, U nited States 

Summary’’ report (data on persons of Spanish 

heritage); and the Series P-20, No. 264 Current

Population Report, “ Persons of Spanish Origin in 

the United States: March 1973.’’

Two additional 1970 census PC(2) reports—No. 

1-D, “ Persons of Spanish Surname,’’ and No. 1-E, 

“ Puerto Ricans in the United States’’—provide data 

(similar to those in the Spanish origin subject report) 

for Spanish surnam ed persons living in five 

southwestern States and for persons of Puerto Rican 

birth and parentage, respectively. All three of the 

above PC(2) reports contain data for States, areas, 

and places with substantial Spanish ancestry 

population.

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Good sources for more detailed data at the 

national and regional levels include the Census o f

Population; 1970, “ Detailed Characteristics, United 

States Summary” (PC(l)-Dl) report and most of the 

Series PC(2) Subject Reports. In addition, most of 

the HC(7) Census o f Housing; 1970, Subject Reports

contain Spanish ancestry data.

Statistics at the State level are located primarily in 

the individual State reports of the PC(1)-C and 

PC(1)-D Series of the Census o f Population: 1970

and the PC(2)-1C, ID, and IE reports already cited as 

good sources of national data.

Data on persons of Spanish ancestry at the area 

and place level are located primarily in the three 

PC(2) reports listed above; the PC(1)-C, PC(1)-D, 

and HC(1)-B States rep o rts; and the HC(2) 

M etropolitan Housing Characteristics reports. 

Census tract data are available in the PHC(l) series, 

and data for low-income areas of large cities are 

presented in the PHC(3) Census Em ploym ent 

Survey series as well as in report PC(2)-9B.

Reports from the Census of Population

and Housing: 1970

Census of Population: 1970, reports

Data on persons of Spanish ancestry are available 

in two chapters of the Volume I reports of the 1970 

Census of Population—Chapter “ C ” , “ General 

Social and Economic Characteristics,” and Chapter 

“ D” , “ Detailed Characteristics.” Most identifier; 

how ever, selected 5 p ercent sam ple item s 

cross-classified by Spanish origin are also included.

Thirty-two of the 39 Volume II Subject Reports

contain inform ation on the Spanish ancestry 

population. Most tables in these reports use the 

Spanish origin or descent identifier; however, such 

identifiers as Spanish language, birth or parentage, 

surname, and heritage are used in other tables.

Volume I (Series PC(1)), Characteristics of

the Population

S e rie s P C (1 )-C , “ G e n e r a l S o c ia l a n d

E co n om ic C h aracteristics’'. The “ General Social 

and Economic Characteristics” series of reports 

presents 15 percent sample data covering a wide 

range of subjects according to the Spanish heritage 

identifier (a few 5 percent items are presented using 

the Spanish origin identifier). Among the social 

characteristics covered for persons of Spanish 

heritage are age; country of birth or parentage;

mother tongue; year moved into present house, and 

residence in 1965; school enrollment, years of school 

completed; veteran status; family composition; and 

fertility. Economic characteristics include labor 

force and employment status; weeks worked in 1969; 

activity 5 years ago; place of work and means of 

transportation to work; occupation, industry, and 

class of worker; earnings and income; and poverty 

status.

In addition, data for persons of Spanish origin, 

include marital history items, vocational training and 

work disability. These reports also contain counts of 

persons of Spanish language, of Puerto Rican birth or 

parentage, and of Spanish origin.

Information is presented in 51 State reports for 

States, SMSA’s, urbanized areas, central cities, and 

all places of 50,000 inhabitants or more. Also similar 

data with less detail are given for these places of

10.000 to 50,000 inhabitants and counties containing 

400 persons or more of Spanish heritage. A United 

States summary report contains similar data for the 

Nation and its four regions. An additional PC(1)-C 

report, No. 53 has similar statistics, without racial or 

ethnic breakouts, for Puerto Rico.

Series P C (1 fD , “ D eta ile d C haracteristics

These reports present data on the same subject areas 

as the PC(1)-C,“ General Social and Economic 

C h aracteristics,” but with more detailed 

cross-classification. In each State report there is a 

total of eight tables on nativity, mother tongue, 

citizenship, and migration; five on education; 12 oh 

m arital status, household characteristics, and 

fertility; six on labor force and employment status; 

20 on occupation and industry; and 25 on income, 

earnings, and poverty; among others. A United 

States summary contains comparable tables for the 

Nation and its regions as well as summary tables with 

less detail for States, areas, and large cities. A 

separate PC(1)-D report contains similar data for 

Puerto Rico.

Virtually all tables contain data for the Spanish 

heritage population on a Statewide basis; as well as 

for SMSA’s of 250,000 or more inhabitants with at 

least 25,000 persons of Spanish heritage. In a few 

cases, coverage is extended to SMSA’s and cities of

100.000 inhabitants or more. Data in a few tables are 

presented using the Spanish origin identifier.

All tables covering the Spanish ancestry population contain comparable data for the black and total 

population. Many of the national and statewide tables also have comparable statistics for whites.

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Volume II (Series PC(2)), Subject Reports

R ep o rt PC(2yiA, “ N a tio n a l O rigin a n d L an ­

g u a g e ” . This report includes seven tables with social and economic characteristic data on the Spanish 

language population, and nine tables with data on 

persons who reported birth or parent’s birth in four 

counties or areas with large Spanish speaking populations.

Table 1 has counts of persons of Spanish language 

according to age, sex, and nativity status (total, native of native parentage, native of foreign or mixed 

parentage, and foreign born). Four additional tables 

present social and economic characteristics for persons of Spanish language who are native of native 

parentage, by region, in format comparable to data in 

this publication on other population groups.

These characteristics, presented for broad age 

groups (and often by sex) include relationship to 

head of household, marital status, fertility, residence 

in 1965, years of school completed, mother tongue, 

labor force participation and employment status, occupation, class of worker, income of families and 

unrelated individuals, and poverty status.

There are nine tables providing data on persons 

with birth or parentage in Mexico, Cuba, other Nations in the West Indies, and other parts of Central 

and South America. Four present the same characteristic data described in the preceding paragraph for 

the first and second generation population from each 

of these four areas. Another two tables have similar 

statistics for this same population and for persons of 

Spanish language in 22 separate SMSA’s while other 

tables present social and economic data on persons 

born in each of the four above mentioned areas according to year of immigration to the United States. 

Table 19 has information on mother tongue according to nativity status, while the final table presents 

nativity status data on family members and unrelated 

individuals.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-1 C , " P e rs o n s o f S p a n is h

O rig in ”. Social, economic, and housing characteristics of persons reporting Spanish origin or descent 

are presented in this report. Many of the tables 

present data separately for persons of Mexican 

origin, of Puerto Rican origin, and of Cuban origin, 

for the United States, each of 13 States having

100,000 persons or more of Spanish origin, and 29 

SM SA’s and 31 cities with respective Spanish 

inhabitants of 50,000 or more and 25,000 or more.

Information is provided on age, sex, race, type of 

residence, household and family relationship, marital status, family size, presence of children, fertility, 

place of birth, citizenship, school enrollment, educational attainment, and vocational training. Among 

the economic characteristics covered in this report 

are labor force participation, employment status, 

occupation, industry, class of w orker, hours 

worked, weeks worked, number of earners in 

families, work disability, income of persons and 

families, type of income, and poverty status. Among 

housing ch aracteristics presented are tenure; 

number of rooms, persons, and persons per room; 

units in structure, year structure built, and presence 

of complete plumbing facilities, presence of selected 

equipment and appliances; and value and rent.

R ep o rt PC(2yiD, “Persons of Spanish S u rn a m e ”. “ Persons of Spanish Surname’’ provides 

characteristic data similar to those in the preceding 

Subject Report on persons of Spanish origin. Coverage, however, is limited to persons with Spanish 

surnames living in the five Southwestern States of 

Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and 

Texas. Data for the five States combined are presented according to type of residence and nativity 

status; while for individual States, information is 

present by type of residence. Separate tables provide 

coverage of 28 SMSA’s with 25,000 Spanish surnamed residents or more and 38 cities with 10,000 or 

more.

Demographic and social characteristics presented 

include race, country of origin, age, sex, type of 

residence, mother tongue, marital status and family 

composition items, fertility, residence in 1965, 

school enrollment, and educational attainment. 

Economic data include statistics on labor force participation and employment status; occupation, industry, and class of worker; and income of persons 

and families, type of income, and poverty status. 

Other data in this report are concerned with housing 

ch aracteristics; interm arriage among those of 

Spanish surname and Spanish origin; and counts of 

the Spanish surnamed, by nativity, for counties and 

cities.

R ep o rt PC(2yiE, “P u erto R icans in the U n ­

ited S ta te s ”. This Subject Report presents characteristic data for persons of Puerto Rican birth or 

parentage. The social, economic, and housing 

characteristics covered are similar to those included 

in the PC(2)-1D report on persons of Spanish surname. These include race, age, sex, type of residence, mother tongue various marital and family 

characteristics, education, labor force participation,

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employment characteristics, income items, and 

selected housing data.

Presentation is at four levels of detail, with the 

most detail provided for the Nation, regions, and 

States with 10,000 Puerto Ricans or more. Less detail is provided for SMSA’s and cities with 25,000 

Puerto Ricans or more; while for the SMSA’s with

10,000 to 25,000 and the cities with 5,000 to 25,000 

similar data are provided, but without the distinction 

between birth and parentage made for the larger 

areas and places. In addition, counts by race, sex, 

and type of residence are furnished for every State.

R ep o rt PC (2)-2A , “S tate o f B irth ”. Data on 

migration of native persons of Spanish origin are 

provided by sex according to the region, divisions, 

and State of birth and of 1970 residence. The greatest 

detail is found in two tables listing, by sex, division 

and State of 1970 residence tabulated by region, division, and State of birth. Data on population gains 

(and losses) through interstate movement and 

limited information on migration by age are included 

among other tables.

R ep o rt PC(2y2B, “ M o b ility fo r States and the

N a tio n ” . Although this publication contains no 

separate data for persons of Spanish ancestry, table 

55 contains data for the total population. It 

cross-tabulates States of residence in 1970 by 

country of residence in 1965. Countries (or areas) 

listed include Puerto Rico, Mexico, Canal Zone, 

other North America (exclusive of areas listed 

above, Canada, and the United States), and South 

America.

R ep o rt P C (2y 2C , “ M o b ility fo r M etro p olitan

A re a s ”. Information on persons of Spanish ancestry 

is very limited in this report—covering only six 

central cities. The final six pages include tables on 

the poverty status and the receipt of public 

assistance income, of persons 5 years old and over, 

according to place of birth, and residence in 1965 for 

persons of Spanish heritage. The Spanish ancestry 

population included in these tables are persons of 

Spanish language in Chicago, D etroit, and 

Washington, D.C.; persons of Spanish language or 

surname in Los Angeles; and persons of Puerto 

Rican birth or parentage in New York and 

Philadelphia.

R e p o rt PC(2y2D, “ L ife tim e a n d R e c e n t

M ig ra tio n ”. This report includes two tables with 

statistics on birthplace, residence in 1965, and

residence in 1970 for persons of Spanish heritage. 

One table presents the number of native born 

Spanish heritage persons by sex and age, according 

to whether living in State of birth/or State of 1965 

residence or both; as well as the 1965 to 1970 

migration status of the foreign born. The other table 

presents, by sex, the number of Spanish heritage 

persons according to geographic division of 1970 

residence, by division of 1965 residence, by division 

of birth.

R e p o rt PC(2y3A, “ W om en b y N u m b e r o f

C hildren Ever B o rn ”. This report contains 10 tables 

pertaining to the fertility of women of Spanish origin. 

Number of children ever born is cross-tabulated by 

such social characteristics as age, type of residence, 

race and Spanish origin of husband by that of wife, 

region of birth, and years of school completed. In 

addition, fertility data are presented according to 

such economic items as labor force participation, 

family income, and residence in low-income areas of 

26 individual large cities. Separate tables include a 

limited amount of data for 15 SMSA’s with 100,000 

persons or more of Spanish origin fertility according 

to Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban origin; and 

data for wom en of Spanish origin in five 

Southwestern States.

R e p o rtPC(2y4A, “F am ily C o m p o s itio n ”. This 

report furnishes social and economic data according 

to family composition as well as information on 

various types of families and subfamilies. Among 

the aspects of family composition presented for 

families headed by persons of Spanish origin are type 

and size of family; number of own children by age; 

ages of oldest and youngest children in the family; 

and presence of parents, grandchildren, subfamilies, 

and nonrelatives.

Social characteristics by which Spanish origin 

families are classified in this report include age and 

sex of head, marital status of head, age and year of 

first marriage, and the educational attainment of the 

head. Econom ic characteristics include major 

occupation group of head, hours worked by head, 

and income of head and family in 1969. Most of these 

data are presented for the United States and urban 

areas; however some tables include additional type 

of residence categories and separate tabulations for 

the South and West regions.

R e p o rtPC(2y4C, “M a rita lS ta tu s ”. Twotables 

of this publication present data on the Spanish 

ancestry population—both are concerned with

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intermarriage. One table presents data on persons of 

Mexican, Puerto Rican, and other Spanish origin 

according to the Spanish origin and race of spouse by 

sex, decade first married, and type of residence for 

the United States. The other table presents some 

intermarriage data for persons of Spanish heritage, 

native bom of native parentage, of Spanish heritage 

and of Puerto Rican birth or parentage according to 

age of husband and type of residence. Both tables 

contain limited data for regions of the United States.

R ep o rt P C (2)-4D , “A ge at First M a rria g e “.

This report contains statistics on persons of Spanish 

origin 14 to 79 years old by age at first marriage. Four 

tables have data on persons of Spanish origin by sex 

and age in 1970, according to age at the time of first 

marriage as well as cumulative percentages persons 

whose first marriage was prior to reaching selected 

years of age. Groups for which data are presented 

include all persons of Spanish origin—Puerto Rican, 

Cuban, Central and South American, and other 

Spanish origin—for the United States; all persons of 

Spanish and persons of Puerto Rican origin in New 

York City; and all whites of Spanish origin and 

Mexican origin in the five southwestern States.

Two additional tables are provided. One presents 

data on age of first marriage, by age in 1970, and sex, 

for persons bom in Mexico. The other provides data 

on age of first marriage, by educational attainment, 

by age in 1970, and sex, for all persons of Spanish 

origin in the United States, in urbanized areas, and in 

the South.

R e p o rt PC(2)~4E, “ P erson s In In s titu tio n s

a n d O th e r G ro u p Q u a rte rs ’’. This publication 

includes occasional data on persons of Spanish 

origin living in group quarters. Information on 

inmates of institutions includes national counts 

according to age, sex, type of residence, and type of 

control of institution for each of eight types of 

institution. Separate data are provided for persons of 

Mexican origin and Puerto Rican Rican origin. In 

addition, counts of inmates of Spanish origin are 

furnished at the State level for each type of 

institution. Counts of the noninstitutional population 

in group quarters are also provided for the Nation 

and States.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-5 A , " S c h o o l E n r o llm e n t’ ’.

Nationwide data on school enrollment of the Spanish 

ancestry population are included in this publication. 

Seven of its 17 statistical tables present social and 

economic characteristics of persons of Spanish

language according to enrollment status, year of 

school in which enrolled, and relative progress in 

school, by age and sex. Four additional tables 

contain characteristic data on those aged 16 to 26 not 

enrolled in school.

Characteristic items covered among these tables 

include education of mother and father, occupation 

of parents, family income, migration status, marital 

status, labor force status, and number of brothers 

and sisters. Two of the tables present characteristics 

of college stu d en ts, including d ata on living 

arrangements and veteran status. Two separate 

tables include data on persons born in Mexico; one of 

these also has enrollment information on second 

generation Mexican Americans.

Most of the tabulations are also presented for 

persons of Spanish language living in central cities of 

urbanized areas, in urbanized areas outside central 

cities, and rural areas. Some tables present separate 

data on persons of Spanish language in the five 

Southwestern States.

R ep o rt P C (2 y 5 B , “E d u catio n al A tta in m e n t’’.

“ Educational A ttainm ent,” unlike the Subject

Report on school enrollment, has no data on the 

Spanish ancestry population, other than some 

figures on persons of Latin American birth or 

parentage in table 1. These data include distributions 

of years of school completed according to age, sex, 

and type of residence.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-5 C , “ Vocational T ra in in g ’’.

This rep o rt p re se n ts d etailed s ta tis tic s on a 

nationwide basis according to field of vocational 

training. Published tables include data for persons of 

Spanish origin by sex and often by age, according to 

educational attainment, labor force and employment 

statu s, occupation, industry, and earnings. 

Comparable data are shown in each table for persons 

who have never completed a vocational training 

program.

R ep o rt P C (2y 6A , “ E m ploym en t S tatus an d

W ork E x p e rie n c e ’’. This report contains data on 

labor force participation and employment status and 

on weeks worked in 1969. Data on the labor force 

participation and the employment status of persons 

of Spanish origin are presented by age, sex, type of 

residence, school enrollm ent, and educational 

attainment. A separate table on residence in 1965 

furnishes labor force data according to the Spanish 

heritage identifier. Tables on weeks worked in 1969, 

included data on persons of Spanish origin according

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to age, sex, type of residence, school enrollment, 

educational attainment, labor force participation and 

enrollment status.

R ep o rt P C (2 )-6 B t “Persons N o t E m p lo yed ”.

Data on the characteristics of persons of Spanish 

origin who are not employed (persons either not in 

the labor force or those in the labor force but 

unemployed) are provided in most tables of this 

report according to age, sex, and year last worked. 

Subjects covered include type of residence, 

household relationship, marital status, presence and 

age of children, school enrollment and educational 

attainm ent, labor force participation and 

employment status, occupation, activity in 1965 and 

low-income status. Statistics are provided at the 

national level only.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-6 C , “ P e rs o n s W ith W o rk

D is ab ility ”. Characteristics of persons 18 to 64 years 

old according to presence, and length of work 

disability are presented in this publication. Six of its 

13 tables include data on persons of Spanish origin 

according to age, sex, type of residence, type of 

family, presence of related children under 18, labor 

force participation, employment status, occupation, 

work experience, and earnings. Some of these tables 

permit comparison of characteristics of those with 

no, partial, or total work disability.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-6 D , “ J o u rn e y to W o rk ” .

“ Journey to Work’’ presents data for workers 16 

years of age and over, classified by place of 

residence and place of work for large SMSA’s and 

their co n stitu en t parts. Social and econom ic 

characteristic data are presented only for the total 

population; however place of residence by place 

of work tabulations are provided for Spanish ancestry workers. These counts are available for persons 

of Spanish language living or working in each of the 

124 SMSA’s of 250,000 inhabitants or more in 1970.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-6 E , “ V e te ra n s ” . This report 

contains inform ation on the characteristics of 

civilian male veterans, by age and period of service. 

Statistics covering veterans of Spanish language 

include data on living arrangements, household and 

family status, martial status, number of children, 

size of family, and years of school completed. They 

also include data on labor force participation, 

employment status, occupation, weeks worked, 

class of worker, income and earnings, geographic 

mobility, and selected housing characteristics.

R e p o rtP C (2 y 7 A , “ O ccu p atio n al C h aracteristic s ” . “ Occupational Characteristics’’ provides 

statistics for persons of Spanish origin according to 

detailed occupation (up to 441 separate 

occupational categories). For the experienced labor 

force, occupation is cross-tabulated by age and sex, 

residence in 1965, type of residence, marital status, 

school enrollment, educational attainment, weeks 

worked in 1969, earnings, family income, and 

poverty status. Characteristics of employed persons 

include age and sex, hours worked, and class of 

worker. All data are presented at the national level 

only.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-7 B , “ In d u s tria l C h a ra c te ris ­

tics”. “ Industrial Characteristics’’ presents data on 

persons of Spanish origin, by sex, for the experienced labor force and the employment according to 

industry. Information is provided for 227 separate 

industries in some table and 87 in others. Among 

characteristics of the experienced labor force classified by industry are age, educational attainment, 

type of residence, region of residence in 1965. Also 

used are weeks worked in 1969, hours worked during 

the week prior to the date of the 1970 Census, total 

earnings, wage and salary earnings, and family income. Statistics for employed Spanish origin persons include age, class of worker, and hours worked.

Separate tables provide information on such 

characteristics as sex, educational attainm ent, 

weeks worked, and marital status, according to class 

of worker and whether employed in agriculture, for 

the experienced labor force. For the employed, class 

of worker statistics are furnished according to age, 

sex, and hours worked.

R ep o rt P C (2)-7C , “ O ccu p atio n by In d u stry ”.

This rep o rt p resents national statistics 

cross-classifying occupation by industry. One table 

contains data for persons of Spanish origin. This 

detailed table has 102 occupational classification 

items for men, 65 for women for each of 55 industrial 

classification items.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-7 D , “ G o v e rn m e n t W o rkers” .

This report presents characteristics of persons who 

worked in Government at the time of 1970 Census. 

Fifteen tables include data for persons of Spanish 

origin. Information is provided for all government 

workers, and many tables have separate breakouts 

for each level of government (Federal, State, local). 

Among ch aracteristics for Spanish origin

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government workers are sex and age, occupation, 

industry, weeks and hours worked, wage and salary 

earnings, fam ily incom e, and educational 

attainm ent. Several of the tables contain 

considerable cross-classification.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-7 F f “ O c cu p a tio n o f P ersons

w ith H igh E a r n i n g s This Subject Report contains 

two tables with statistical data on persons of Spanish 

origin who reported 1969 earnings of $15,000 or 

more. Information is presented for the experienced 

civilian labor force according to detailed occupation, 

sex, age, and seven levels of earnings.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-7 E , “ O c c u p a tio n a n d

R esid en ce in 1 965“. Occupation in 1970 of persons 

of Spanish origin is cross-classified by occupation in 

1965 according to sex and age in 1970 in two tables of 

this report. Two other tables provide comparable 

cross-classification by industry in 1970 and 1965. 

Although tabulations on the geographic mobility of 

persons of Spanish origin are not provided in this 

publication, limited data on the 1965-70 migration of 

persons of Spanish heritage appear in Subject

Reports PC(2)-2C and 2D.

R ep o rt P C (2)-8A , “S o u rces a n d S tru ctu re of

F am ily I n c o m e This report devotes a portion of 

one table to the income structure (distribution, 

mean, and median) of families headed by persons of 

Spanish origin. Income statistics are presented at the 

national level, according to the type of family, age of 

family head, and number of earners, according to 

typo of residence. No data are presented as to the 

source of Spanish origin income.

R ep o rt P C (2)-8B , “ E arn in g s by O ccupation

a n d E d u c a tio n “ . Nine tables in this report provide 

data on 1969 earnings for persons of Spanish origin or 

descent according to age, sex, region, occupation, 

work experience, and education. Statistics are 

provided for five age groups, six levels of education, 

and up to 37 occupational groupings for all with work 

experience in 1969, as well as for those who worked 

50-52 weeks that year.

The greatest detail is provided for men 25 to 64 

years old (37 occupations), and women in the same 

age group (30 occupations), nationwide; while 12 

broad occupational categories are used in the 

national tabulations for Spanish Americans 18 to 24, 

and 65 and over, as well as for all regional data.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-8 C , “ In c o m e o f th e F a rm

R elated P o p u l a t i o n This report presents statistics 

pertaining to farm income as measured by farm 

self-employment income, and value of farm products 

sold. Statistics for the Spanish origin population are 

shown for the United States and the State of Texas.

Farm self-em ploym ent incom e is tabulated 

according to the total income of families and 

unrelated individuals, age of family head and persons 

14 and older; sex of persons 14 and older; size of 

family, presence of children under 18; and school 

enrollment status. It is tabulated also according to 

educational attainment of family heads and persons 

over 14; employment status, occupation, and weeks 

worked of family heads, wives, and all persons 14 

and over; number of earners in families; source and 

amount of income for families and persons 14 and 

over; and the wage and salary income of wives. 

Many of these same items and selected housing 

characteristics are also presented according to value 

of farm products sold by rural farm households.

R ep o rt P C (2)-9A , “L o w -In co m e P o p u la tio n “.

“ Low -Incom e P opu latio n ” p resen ts detailed 

cross-classifications of data for persons and families 

of all incom e levels and incom es below the 

low-income (poverty) level. Information is given on 

such social characteristics of the Spanish origin 

population as age, sex, type of residence, size of 

place of residence, place of birth, family status, type 

of family, marital status, presence and age of related 

children, fertility, school enrollment and relative 

progress in school, educational attainm ent, 

vocational training. It is given also on such economic 

ch aracteristics as labor force p articipation, 

employment status, occupation, presence of work 

disability, weeks worked in 1969, earnings, number 

of earners in family, and level and sources of income.

A separate table presents data on the near 

poor—including those whose earnings would not be 

sufficient to bring his or her family above the 

low-income level, and those who would fall below 

that level if social security public assistance income 

were removed. A final table presents selected 

housing characteristics according to low-income 

status. Tables with information on the Spanish origin 

population are at the national level only.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-9 B , “ L o w -In c o m e A re a s in

L arge C ities ” . This publication contains data for the 

50 largest cities (individually and combined) and the 

four largest boroughs in New York City. This report 

includes data for persons of Spanish language and 

include counts of those living in each city and six

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
aggregates of census tracts within the city according 

to the percent of persons below the poverty level in 

1969.

The bulk of the data, however, consists of the 

presentation of characteristics for the total city, 

those areas with census tracts with a poverty rate of 

20 percent or more, and the remainder of the city. 

These characteristics include age, sex, place of birth, 

residence in 1965, relationship to household head, 

family status, presence and living arrangements of 

children, size of family fertility, school enrollment, 

years of school completed, labor force participation, 

employment status, occupation, place of work and 

means of transportation to work, income, type of 

income, difference between income and poverty 

level, ratio of income to poverty level, and selected 

housing items.

Similar data for persons of Spanish language 

residing in individual low-income neighborhoods of 

49 of these cities have been subsequently published 

in the Supplementary Reports series—PC(S1), 

report Nos. 65-103.

R ep o rt P C (2)-10B , “S tate E co n o m ic A rea s ’’.

This report includes statistics on the general social 

and economic characteristics of persons of Spanish 

heritage in each of the 510 State economic areas into 

which the Nation is divided. State economic areas 

are relatively homogenous subdivisions of States. 

They consist of single counties or groups of counties 

w hich have sim ilar econom ic and social 

chacteristics. Appendix A to this Subject Report

contains more information on the definition of these 

areas.

The data are essentially geographic consolidations 

of selected county tabulations previously published 

in the PC(1)-C series of reports for the 50 States and 

the District of Columbia. Characteristics covered are 

age and sex, household relationship, fertility and 

presence of children, school enrollm ent and 

educational attainment, labor force and employment 

status, occupation and industry of em ployed 

workers, source and level of income, and incidence 

of poverty.

Census of Housing: 1970, reports

Three series of reports in the housing census 

provide data for persons of Spanish ancestry 

Chapter B of Volume I (HC(l)-B), and Volume II 

(HC(2)), provide statistical information for SMSA’s, 

urbanized areas, places, and counties according to 

the Spanish heritage identifier. Seven of the nine

Volume VII reports (HC(7)) contain national and 

some regional data according to the Spanish 

language identifier (except one which has data for 

Spanish heritage households). No Spanish ancestry 

data are available in the HC(1)-A, HC(3), HC(4), 

HC(5), and HC(6) series of reports.

Volume I (Series HC(1)), Housing

Characteristics for States, Cities, and

Counties

S eries H C (1)-B , “ D etailed H ousing C h aracteristics’’. This series of reports contains information on housing occupied by persons of Spanish 

heritage for SMSA’s, urbanized areas, cities and 

other places of 2,500 or more inhabitants, and counties. Data for persons of Spanish ancestry at the 

State and National levels are not published in these 

reports; and coverage for places smaller than 50,000 

inhabitants and for nonmetropolitan counties is not 

provided unless the Spanish heritage population is 

400 or more.

Subjects covered include tenure (owner or renter 

occupied); year moved in; utilization characteristics 

(number of rooms, number of persons, and persons 

per room ); and stru ctu ral and plumbing 

characteristics (kitchen and plumbing facilities, 

bathrooms, year structure built, number of units in 

structure, access to unit, source of water, and means 

of sewage disposal). Also included are equipment 

items (heating and air conditioning equipment, and 

availability of telephone); automobile availability; 

and financial characteristics (value and rent).

Volume II (Series HC(2)), Metropolitan

Housing Characteristics

This series of reports consists of one report for 

each of the 247 standard metropolitan statistical 

areas recognized in the 1970 census. The SMSA 

rep o rts contain considerable detail and 

cross-classification of data with regard to housing 

occupied by the Spanish heritage population. A 

summary report for the United States and regions 

was also issued for this series; however it does not 

include any data on this population group.

Characteristic items include most of the housing 

items previously listed for the HC(1)-B series of 

reports, and such population items as type of family, 

income of families and primary individuals, and year 

moved in. Information for Spanish heritage occupied 

housing is given for each SMSA, central city, and 

place of 50,000 inhabitants or more provided the area

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or place had a 25,000 inhabitants or more of Spanish 

heritage in 1970.

Volume VII (Series HC(7)), Subject Reports

The Census o f Housing: 1970, Subject Reports

consist of nine publications, each of which presents 

statistics on a particular subject area. Seven of these 

reports contain a large number of detailed housing 

characteristic items and occasional population items 

for households headed by persons of Spanish ancestry.

These seven reports are:

HC(7)-1 “ Housing Characteristics by Household Composition’’

HC(7)-2 “Housing of Senior Citizens’’

HC(7)-3 “ Space Utilization of the Housing Inventory’’

HC(7)-4 “ Structural Characteristics of the Housing Inventory’’

HC(7)-5 “ Mover Households’’

HC(7)-6 “ Mobile Homes’’

HC(7)-7 “Geographic Aspects of the Housing Inventory’’

Report HC(7)-1 provides tabulations using the 

Spanish heritage identifier, while the six other reports have data for persons of Spanish ancestry identified as persons of Spanish language. Each report 

presents data at the national level with detailed 

cross-classification of items, and most include information according to type of residence and/or region or both. Housing of senior citizens has some 

additional tabulations at the State, area, and place 

levels.

One or more of the Subject Reports include such 

population characteristics as number of persons in 

household; age, sex, education, marital status, labor 

force status, occupation, industry, veteran status, 

residence in 1965, and income of household head. 

They include also the number of children, and presence of children under specified ages, of nonrelatives, and of persons over specified ages, as well 

as income of households, families, and primary individuals.

Information regarding the availability of any of 

these population characteristics (as well as 20 housing items) in individual reports can be found in table 

B-6 of appendix B of this directory.

Joint population-housing reports

Series PHC(1), Census Tracts

The Census Tracts reports contain data on population and housing characteristics for 241 standard 

metropolitan statistical areas, their central cities,

suburban places of 25,000 or more, and the 32,169 

census tracts in SMSA’s as well as 604 tracts lying 

outside SMSA’s.

For each census tract, counts are provided for the 

number of persons of Spanish language, persons not 

of Spanish language but with a Spanish surname 

(only in reports for SMSA’s in the Southwest), persons of Spanish mother tongue, and persons of 

Puerto Rican, Mexican, Cuban, and “ other American” birth or parentage. The characteristics listed 

below, however, are provided only for those tracts 

with 400 persons or more of Spanish heritage.

Population items covered in this series are age by 

sex, household relationship, school enrollment, 

educational attainment, residence in 1965, employment status, occupation, income, and poverty. 

Housing data include ownership status, rooms, persons, persons per room, value and rent, number of 

units in structure, year moved in, selected equipment, and automobile availability.

R eport No. 29 of the PC(S1) series, 

Supplementary Reports, “ Population and Housing 

Characteristics for the United States, by State: 

1970,” presents State and national data with the 

same table format as the Census Tracts reports publications. The tables in this report thus provide a 

convenient means for users of the tract data to make 

comparisons with national and State data on the 

same subjects.

Consistent with the definition of the Spanish 

heritage identifier, the Census Tracts reports for 

SMSA’s in the five southwestern States present 

characteristics for those of Spanish language or surname. However, five reports in the PC(S1) Supplementary Reports series furnish identically form atted Spanish ancestry tables for persons of 

Spanish surname o n ly -an identifier used for the five 

State area in previous censuses. These reports are:

PC(Sl)-57, “Characteristics of the Spanish Surname Population

by Census Tract, for SMSA’s in Arizona: 1970.’’

PC(Sl)-58, “Characteristics of the Spanish Surname Population

by Census Tract, for SMSA’s in California: 1970.’’

PC(Sl)-59, “Characteristics of the Spanish Surname Population

by Census Tract, for SMSA’s in Colorado; 1970.’’

PC(Sl)-60, “Characteristics of the Spanish Surname Population

by Census Tract, for SMSA’s in New Mexico:

1970.’’

PC(S1)-61, “Characteristics of the Spanish Surname Population

by Census Tract for SMSA’s in Texas: 1970.’’

Series PHC(3), Employment Profiles of

Selected Low-Income Areas

This series of 76 reports covers 68 selected lowincome areas. Sixty are in 51 large cities, and eight

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are in rural areas. In addition, there are eight summary reports including a United States summary for 

the urban areas. The data in these reports are from a 

separate survey (the Census Employment Survey) 

conducted late 1970 and early 1971 as part of the 

overall program of the 1970 decennial census.

Data on persons of Spanish ancestry shown in 

these reports are based on the birth or parentage and 

the language identifiers. Tabulations are presented 

for low-income areas in which 5 percent or more of 

the total population is “ white Spanish.” “ White 

Spanish” is defined as a white with either his birth or 

the birth of one or both parents in Puerto Rico, 

Mexico, Cuba, or another Latin American country, 

or with Spanish as the language spoken most often in 

his home as a child. In the report (No. 3) on Puerto 

Ricans in New York City, the tabulations include 

Puerto Ricans of all races. A total of 30 of the urban 

reports and two of the rural reports have general 

social and economic characteristic data on the 

“ white Spanish” population; while 14 of the urban 

and one of the rural reports contain detailed tabulations. The detailed tabulations are provided for areas 

in which 20 percent or more of the total population is 

“ white Spanish.”

All tables present data by sex (or sex of family 

head) for the civilian noninstitutional population 16 

years old or over, and the detailed tables contain 

numerous cross-classifications of data by age, years 

of school completed, and other characteristics.

Among the subjects covered in these tables are 

age; marital and family status; number of persons, 

children, and earners in families; educational attainment and job training; labor force and employment status, and extent of unemployment; occupation and industry; hourly, weekly, and annual earnings; sources and structure of family income, and 

extent of poverty; place of work, and method and 

cost of transporation to work; desire for work of 

those not in the labor force and reasons for not seeking work; reasons for leaving last job; job-seeking 

methods; lowest acceptable pay; expenses for mortgage, rent, and utilities; installment debt; and residential mobility.

Supplementary Reports

Series PC(S1), population Supplementary

Reports

Supplementary Reports are two open-ended series 

of reports on individual subjects from the 1970 census. To date, 103 PC(S1), and 20 PC(S1), reports

have been issued on population and housing subjects, respectively. More will be published throughout the 1970’s. Most reports are reprints of one or 

more entire tables or parts of tables found in larger 

final report publications. In regard to the Spanish 

ancestry population, 44 reports of the PC(S1) series 

contain data in other 1970 census publications. One 

other report (PC(Sl)-30) consolidates data from 

numerous other reports.

R e p o rt N o. 29 “ P o p u la tio n a n d H o u s in g

C h aracteristics fo r the U n ited States, by S ta te :

1970.” Data for persons of Spanish heritage for the 

United States and each of the States are presented in 

a format comparable to that of the population and 

housing data items in the PHC(l) series of Census 

tract reports.

R ep o rt No. 30 ” Persons of Spanish A ncestry.” This report presents population counts according to the various Spanish ancestry identifiers. Data 

are shown for the Nation, regions, States, and 

SMSA’s (and central cities). The data herein do appear in other census reports; however, this report 

presents material which could otherwise be obtained 

only by consulting 52 separate PC(1)-C reports. A 

Spanish language edition of this report, PC(Sl)-305, 

is also available.

R e p o rt N o . 53 “ R e s id e n c e in 1965 fo r

S elected A rea s .” This report presents corrected 

data on residence in 1965 for 48 SMSA’s. Its contents 

replace comparable figures in the 48 individual 

PHC(l) Census tract reports for the designated 

SMSA’s, most of which are in the New England 

States. Tables include data for persons of Spanish 

heritage.

R e p o rt N o . 57 “ C h a ra c te ris tic s o f th e

S panish S u rn am e P o p u latio n by Census Tract,

fo r S M S A ’s in A rizo n a: 1970.” This is one of five 

Supplementary Reports which presents data for persons of Spanish surname in the SMSA’s of the five 

southwestern States. It supplements reports in the 

PHC(l) Census Tracts series in which data were 

published for persons of Spanish heritage (persons of 

Spanish language or surname). Tables in these five 

reports are identical in format to Tables P-7, P-8, and 

H-5 of the PHC(l) reports. Reports PC(Sl)-58, 59, 

60, and 61, provide coverage of the Spanish surname 

population for SMSA’s in California, Colorado, New 

Mexico, and Texas, respectively.

45

R e p o rts N o . 65 th ro u g h N o . 103 “ L o w -

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
In c o m e N eig h b o rh o o d s in Large C ities: 1970 ”

These 39 Supplementary Reports contain data on 

individual low-income neighborhoods in 49 of the 

Nation’s 50 largest cities. Low-income neighborhoods are subdivisions of low-income areas, which 

include all census tracts in which 20 percent or more 

of all persons were below the low-income level in 

1969. These low-income neighborhoods generally 

consist of contiguous census tracts with a combined 

population of 20,000 or m ore; and the number of such 

neighborhoods in these cities range from 2 to 35. The 

low-income area of one city, Honolulu, was not divided into neighborhoods.

Characteristic items on the social, economic, and 

housing conditions of persons of Spanish language 

residing in neighborhoods covered in these Supplementary Reports are similar to those published in 

Subject Report PC(2)-9B, Low-Income Areas of 

Large Cities. Six of the seven tables have identical 

format, providing comparability of the neighborhood 

data in the PC(S 1) reports with data published for the 

entire city, the entire low-income area, and the balance of the city published in PC(2)-9B.

PC(S1) Reports on low-income neighborhoods in large cities1

Report

number Cities

65 Atlanta, Ga.

66 Baltimore, Md.

67 Birmingham, Ala.

68 Boston, Mass.

69 Buffalo and Rochester, N.Y.

70 Chicago, 111.

71 Cincinnati, Ohio

72 Cleveland and Toledo, Ohio

73 Columbus, Ohio

74 Dallas and Fort Worth, Tex.

75 Denver, Colo.

76 Detroit, Mich.

77 El Paso, Tex.

78 Houston, Tex.

79 Indianapolis, Ind.

80 Jacksonville and Tampa, Fla.

81 Kansas City, Mo.

82 Los Angeles and Long Beach, Calif.

83 Louisville, Ky.

84 Memphis and Nashville-Davidson, Tenn.

85 Miami, Fla.

86 Milwaukee, Wis.

87 Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minn.

88 Newark, N.J.

89 New Orleans, La.

90 New York, N.Y.

91 Norfolk, Va.

92 Oklahoma City and Tulsa, Okla.

93 Omaha, Nebr.

94 Philadelphia, Pa.

95 Phoenix, Ariz.

96 Pittsburgh, Pa.

97 Portland, Oreg.

Report

number Cities

98 St. Louis, Mo.

99 San Antonio, Tex.

100 San Diego and San Jose, Calif.

101 San Francisco and Oakland, Calif.

102 Seattle, Wash.

103 Washington, D.C.

*No low-income neighborhoods were defined within the lowincome area of Honolulu, Hawaii.

Reports from the Current Population

Survey

More than 20 publications in the Current Population Reports series include information on persons of 

Spanish origin. Most of these are in the P-20 series. 

Several of the Current Population Reports either are 

advance data releases or contain only limited data on 

this minority group. Seven of the P-20 reports include considerable data on the Spanish ancestry 

population—Numbers 264, 250, 249, 226, 224, 221, 

and 213.

In addition, two publications in the BLS Special

Labor Force Reports series (Nos. 158 and 155) include limited data on persons of Spanish origin.

Perhaps more noteworthy, however, is the fact 

that beginning in April 1974, a limited amount of CPS 

data on the labor force and employment status of 

persons of Spanish origin are being published by the 

BLS on a quarterly basis in Employment and Earnings. These data are based on the continuing ethnic 

origin identification item added to the CPS in March 

1973, mentioned earlier in this section. An article 

introducing the series and providing 1973 averages 

appeared in the April 1974 issue of the Monthly

Labor Review.

Data published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics

Employment and Earnings

This monthly publication began presenting quarterly employment data on the Spanish origin population in the April 1974 issue. These data, consisting of 

one table in the January, April, July, and October 

issues, include, population, labor force participation, and employment status for the total 16 years old 

and over Spanish origin population, men 20 years 

and over, women 20 and over, and both sexes combined 16 to 19 years old. The number employed in 

agriculture and non-agricultural industries are also

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provided for each of these groups. This table (No. 

A-60) also includes comparable data for the total 

population, whites, and blacks.

An article introducing this data series appeared 

in the April 1974 M onthly L abor Review

(MLR)—“ Employment and Unemployment Among 

Americans of Spanish Origin” (MLR Reprint No. 

2957). This article also provides 1973 annual averages for the items enumerated above as well as for 

major activity of persons not in the labor force, additional age detail on labor force participation and unemployment, occupation, and unemployment rates 

by occupation of experienced workers.

Special Labor Force Reports

R ep o rt No. 158, “ E m ploym en t of S chool-A ge

Youth: O cto b er 1 97 2 ”. This report presents a limited amount of data on the labor force participation 

and employment status of Spanish origin youth (ages 

16-24) according to sex and school enrollment 

status. These are covered in various tables which 

were included in the text of the article as it appeared 

in the September 1973, Monthly Labor Review.

None of the 12 supplementary tables appearing in 

this Special Lab or Force Report contains Spanish 

origin data.

R ep o rt No. 155, “E m p lo ym en t of H igh S ch o ol

G rad u ates a n d D ro p o u ts: O c to b e r 1 972”. This is 

the first Special Labor Force Report to contain 

statistical data on persons of Spanish origin. It presents employment information of Spanish origin 

youth age 16 to 24 according to high school graduation status. Characteristics covered include age, sex, 

labor force participation, employment status, occupation, and industry. These data are included in 

three of the six text tables which appeared in the June 

1973, Monthly Labor Review. None of this report’s 

14 supplemental tables contains Spanish origin data.

Data published by the Bureau of the Census

Current Population Reports

S eries P-20, No. 265, “F ertility Expectations

of A m erican W om en: June 197 3 ”. This is the first 

Current Population Report to contain detailed fertility data on women of Spanish origin or descent. A 

limited amount of data on this subject has previously 

appeared in P-20, Nos. 226 and 254. Statistics on 

fertility and expectations of future births are cross 

tabulated in No. 265 according to a large number of

social and economic characteristics. These include 

age, type of residence, marital status, age at first 

marriage, relationship to household head, interval 

since first marriage, interval since latest birth, expected date of next birth, years of school completed, 

labor force participation, and family income. Some 

data are also presented on husbands of women in 

husband-wife families—years of school completed, 

employment status, occupation, and income.

Data according to specific Spanish origin (Mexican, Puerto Rican, other) are not included in this 

report; but some fertility statistics for these individual groups appear in P-20, No. 226, “ Fertility 

Variations by Ethnic Origin: November 1969.” 

These 1969 data are tabulated according to age, marital status, type of residence, household relationship, 

educational attainment, labor force status, occupation, and income.

Series P-20, No. 264, “Persons o f Spanish

Origin in the United States: March 1973”. This report contains 12 text tables and 14 detailed tables 

with demographic, social, and economic data from 

the March 1973 Current Population Survey. Characteristic items covered include age, type of residence, 

marital and family status, type and size of family, 

presence of children, educational attainment, employment status, occupation, income, and lowincome status.

Most tables present national level data on individual Spanish origin ethnic groups—Mexican, 

Puerto Rican, Cuban, and Central or South American as well as the Spanish origin total. Published 

detail for the individual groups is limited to reasonable levels of sampling variability; thus tables with 

considerable cross-tabulation may include ethnic 

data only for the largest group(s). Some population 

and age data are also presented for the five southwestern States (combined) and for three individual 

States. A text discussion provides a summary of the 

data as well as information on the comparability of 

the March 1973 data with those from earlier Current 

Population Surveys and the 1970 Census of Population: 1970.

Similar data for the Spanish origin population from 

the March 1971 and 1972 Surveys are contained in 

P-20, No. 250. Most of its tables are in a format 

identical with those in the 1973 report. However the 

earlier report includes language data not presented in 

No. 264; whereas this more recent report includes 

low-income status, not covered in earlier P-20 reports. Many of the 1971-72 data are also included in 

Series P-20, No. 249, “ Characteristics of the Population by Ethnic Origin,” which has statistics on

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Spanish origin persons as well as seven other ethnic 

groups. Advance data from the March 1974 CPS 

have been released in P-20, No. 267, “ Persons of 

Spanish Origin in the United States: March 1974” 

(an advance report), a seven-page publication, which 

will soon be superceded by a more detailed presentation.

Listing o f “Persons o f Spanish Origin ’ ’ Reports in the P-20 Series

Report Title and Notes

number

sons in 1972 according to enrollment in 1971, and 

relative progress in school.

Series P-20, No. 257, “ Undergraduate Enrollm ent in 2-Year and 4-Year College: October

1972” . This report contains limited data on the college enrollment of Spanish origin persons 14 to 34 

years old. These statistics are found in one of the text 

tables presenting enrollment according to type of 

college, and year in college.

267

264

259

250

238

224

213

195

“ Persons of Spanish Origin

in the United States;

March 1974“

“ Persons of Spanish Origin

in the United States:

March 1973“

“ Persons of Spanish Origin

in the United States:

March 1973“

“ Persons of Spanish Origin

in the United States:

March 1972 and 1971“

“ Selected Characteristics of

Persons and Families of

Mexican, Puerto Rican, and

Other Spanish Origin:

March 1972“

“ Selected Characteristics of

Persons and Families of

Mexican, Puerto Rican, and

Other Spanish Origin:

March 1971“

“ Persons of Spanish Origin

in the United States:

November 1969“

“ Spanish-American Population:

November 1969“

advance report

supercedes

No. 259

advance report

supercedes

No. 238

and supplements

No. 224

advance report

supercedes

No. 195

See individual

listing for

P-20 No. 213.

advance report

first CPR

with Spanish

origin data

Series P-20, No. 260, ‘‘Social and Economic

Characteristics of Students: October 1972” . This 

is the first Current Population Report containing 

detailed information on the school enrollment of persons of Spanish origin. These statistics are presented 

in one text table and 12 detailed tables. Most tables 

have enrollment status and level of school in which 

enrolled, cross-tabulated by one or more of the following characteristics: Age, sex, type of residence, 

family and marital status, years of school completed, 

education and income of family head, number of 

family members in college and whether attending 

college on a full-time basis, and control of school. 

There are also data on persons 3 to 6 years of age 

enrolled in special schools, enrollment status of perSeries P-20, No. 253, ‘‘Voting and Registration in the Election of November 1972” . This publication includes two tables containing voter registration and participation data for persons of Spanish 

origin. Statistics are presented by age and sex for the 

total Spanish origin voting age population, and by 

sex only for persons of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and 

other Spanish origin.

Series P-20, No. 252, ‘‘College Plans of High

School Seniors: October 1972” . This report presents limited data on the post-high school educational 

plans of high school seniors of Spanish origin 

enrolled in October 1972. Data include intention of 

college attendence; and if so, the type of college 

(2-year, or 4-year, or both). For those not planning 

college attendance, the intention of attending any 

other type of school is included.

Series P-20, No. 213, ‘‘Persons of Spanish

Origin in the United States: November 1969” . This 

publication presents data from the November 1969 

Current Population Survey, the first CPS containing 

questions regarding ethnic origin or descent and language usually spoken in the home. (Preliminary data 

superceded by this report were published in P-20, 

No. 195). Its 27 tables cover such characteristics as 

origin of head by origin of wife, nativity, mother 

tongue, language usually spoken in the home, educational attainment, literacy in English and/or Spanish 

or both, employment status, occupation, and family 

income.

Many of the tables include data by specific 

Spanish origin—Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, 

Central or South American, and other Spanish. 

Some of the tables include separate information for 

persons of Spanish origin in the Southwest, and several tables have cross-tabulations by age, sex, and 

other characteristics.

Additional data for many of the subjects covered 

in this report as well as on place of birth for persons 

of Spanish origin (and six other ethnic groups) are 

provided in Current Population Reports, Series P-20,

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No. 221, “ Characteristics of the Population by 

Ethnic Origin, November 1969,” issued in late April 

of 1971. More detail on educational attainment of the 

individual Spanish ethnic groups can be found in 

CPR, Series P-20, No. 220, “ Ethnic Origin and 

Educational Attainment, November 1969.” Another 

report based on the 1969 survey, containing fertility 

data on Spanish Americans, is discussed elsewhere 

in this directory.

Series P-23, No. 50, “F em ale F am ily H e a d s .’f

This study on female family headship contains one 

table with limited data on persons of Spanish origin. 

For each year of the 1970-73 period, the following 

data cells are presented: Number of families with a 

head of Spanish origin, number with female heads, 

and percent of Spanish origin families with female 

heads.

S eries P -60, No. 91, “ C haracteristics of the

L o w -In co m e P o p u la tio n : 1 97 2 “. This report includes the first Spanish ancestry data made available 

from the March 1973 CPS. In this survey the number 

of Spanish origin households sampled was doubled 

compared to earlier years in order to increase the 

reliability of Spanish origin data.

Spanish origin data include low-income status in 

1972 according to type of Spanish origin and sex for 

families and unrelated individuals Nationwide, and 

more limited data for five Southwestern States. Similar data have been published for 1971 and 1970 in 

P-60, Nos. 86 and 81, respectively. The expanded 

sample for the March 1973, survey has resulted in the 

publication of Spanish origin low-income data according to the following additional characteristics: 

age, type of family, size of family, number of children, educational attainment, number of earners, 

employment status, work experience, and occupation.

A limited amount of data on the 1973 low-income 

status of persons of Spanish origin are provided in 

the final table of Series P-60, No. 94, 

“ Characteristics of the Low-Income Population:

1973, ” (an advance report). Data are from the March

1974, Current Population Survey.

Selected Other Data Sources

The following data source listings are of selected 

publications issued by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Civil Service Commission, and the Department of Health, Education, and 

Welfare. In addition, several miscellaneous items 

from the Bureau of the Census are included.

The publications of EEOC, CSC, and HEW generally contain Spanish ancestry data labeled as 

Spanish surname. In these reports Spanish surname 

generally refers to a Spanish ancestry population 

wider than that within the Census Bureau’s “ surname” definition.

The determination of the Spanish population is 

usually included in the technical notes of these 

reports. These notes contain facsimiles of survey 

questionaires with instructions for their 

com pletion-the Spanish identification criteria are 

among these instructions.

Data from the Civil Service Commission

Minority Group Employment in the Federal

Government (November 30, 1972)

This publication presents statistics on the number 

and incidence of minority group Federal employees 

according to pay plan and grade or salary level. It is 

issued by the Bureau of Manpower Information 

Systems.

The number and proportion of persons of Spanish 

ancestry are provided at the national level for 120 

separate Federal agencies according to pay plan and 

detailed grade or salary level; and government-wide 

totals are provided for each State, 75 individual 

SMSA’s and 11 civil service regions according to pay 

plan and grade or salary level grouping. An 

introductory text includes some tables with data for 

the 1969-72 period. Although this report is issued 

biannually with statistics for each May and 

November, only the reports for November include 

data for States and SMSA’s.

A lthough tables headings used the Spanish 

surname indicator, personnel taking the survey were 

instructed to include persons of Mexican, Puerto 

Rican or other Spanish origin, including Spanish 

speaking persons whose surnames are no longer 

Spanish due to marriage or some other reason in the 

Spanish surname classification. In addition, the 

Spanish surname designation was applied to anyone 

who considered himself or herself to b e -o r is 

regarded in the work environment or the community 

to be of Spanish ancestry.

Data from the Bureau of the Census

Minority-Owned Business: 1969

This publication, Report No. MB-1, presents the 

first comprehensive statistics on business firms

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owned by persons of Spanish origin. Coverage 

includes industry, location, number of employees, 

gross receipts, and legal form of organization, 

according to specific type of Spanish 

origin-M exican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, and other 

Central or South America origin. Data are provided 

for the United States, individual States and the 

District of Columbia, and SMSA’s with 500 or more 

minority-owned firms. Statistical detail is greatest at 

the national level.

Statistical Abstract of the United States:

1973

The 1973 edition of the annual Statistical Abstract

contains some data on persons of Spanish ancestry. 

The particular Spanish identifier (heritage, origin, 

bithplace, surname) varies among tables. Subjects 

covered include population counts, immigration according to country of birth and country of last residence, Cuban refugees, naturalization, school enrollm ent, educational attainm ent, em ploym ent 

status, family-income, low-income status, Federal 

Government employment, and business ownership.

Most of these data can be found in other sources 

listed elsewhere in this directory.

Data from the Equal Employment Opportunity

Commission

Equal Employment Opportunity Report: 1970

Job Patterns for Minorities and Women in

Private Industry

This report in two volumes provides employment 

data on minorities by industry and broad occupational categories for the United States, and standard 

metropolitan statistical areas. The statistics are 

based on reports on about 31 million workers submitted to the Commission in early 1970 by 45,000 employers representing nearly 140,000 reporting establishments. This is the fifth and latest available report 

containing such information required by Title VII of 

the Civil Rights Act of 1964 or Executive Order 

11246.

Employment data for persons of Spanish ancestry 

refer to Spanish sumamed Americans. This concept, 

as used by EEOC, includes not only persons with 

such surnames, but anyone else determined by employers to be of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban or 

other Spanish origin, or to use the Spanish language.

Spanish ancestry data, by sex, are provided as 

follows: (1) Nationwide totals covering all employers 

in the survey; (2) statewide totals for 49 States and 

the District of Columbia (Hawaiian employers are 

not required to report to the EEOC); and (3) industry 

tables, by State, for eight States in which Spanish 

Americans constitute a sizeable portion of the population. These tables are published for those States in 

which there are at least 10 reporting establishments 

within the industry, or at least five establishments 

and at least 2,000 total employees.

Data from the Department of Health, Education,

and Welfare

Findings of the 1971 AFDC Study Parts I and

III

This report (and others listed below) presents 

tabulations of the characteristics of beneficiares 

under the Aid to Families with Dependent Children 

program, administered by the States and the Social 

and Rehabilitation Service of HEW. Data are based 

on caseload sample statistics submitted by State welfare agencies to the National Center for Social Statistics.

These findings include limited statistics on persons of Latin American birth or ancestry. Table 3 of 

part I presents the representation of Spanish ancestry families among all AFDC families for the United 

States, geographic divisions, 20 individual States, 

and Puerto Rico. Part III provides four tables with 

data at the National level. Included are statistics on 

the family status of fathers and mothers of AFDC 

children, the length of time families have been receiving AFDC benefits, and type of residence.

Statistics similar to those in part I of the 1971 

AFDC report are available under the Old Age Assistance, Aid to the Blind, and Aid to the Permanently 

and Totally Disabled programs in Findings o f the

1970 OAA Study, Findings o f the 1970 AB Study, and 

Findings o f the 1970 APTD Study, respectively.

Racial and Ethnic Enrollment Data from Institutions of Higher Education: Fall 1970

This publication prepared by the Office for Civil 

Rights includes counts of Spanish surnamed persons 

enrolled as full-time students in institutions of higher 

education in 1970. Data are furnished according to 

level (undergraduate, graduate) for the Nation,

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States, and individual institutions. The Spanish surname designation used in this report is not necessarily restricted to “ surname” as used in Bureau of the 

Census publications. See page 27 under “ Student 

Enrollment Data,” for data collection and minority 

group designation information.

Digest of Educational Statistics, 1973

Five tables of this 12th annual publication of the 

Office of Education contain data on persons of 

Spanish ancestry; the particular Spanish identifier 

varies among tables. Items covered include enrollment in adult education programs; median number of 

years of school completed, by State; representation 

among first-time college students; enrollment in public schools by level of isolation (segregation); and 

1965 achievement test scores.

Social Security Administration, Research

and Statistics Notes

Note No. 28-1972, “ Spanish-Surnamed Social Security Beneficiaries in the Southwest” .

This research note provides information on Spanish 

surnamed persons in five southwestern States receiving benefits under the social security program in

1971. Data on this population include counts by 

State, by type of beneficiary, and family classification; and average monthly benefits by type of beneficiary. Some of these statistics are presented by 

age, sex, marital status and disability status. All tables contain comparable data for the total population 

of these five States and some tables include data for 

all whites and blacks. Surname, as used in this report, is based on matching social security records 

with a list of Spanish family names.

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Section III. Races Other Than Black

Introduction

Statistical information from nationwide surveys 

for races other than white or Negro are available 

from a few complete count enumerations such as 

those contained in reports from the Office for Civil 

Rights in HEW, the Equal Employment Opportunity 

Commission, and the Civil Service Commission; and 

from the decennial census, which provides data 

based on relatively large sample sizes 5, 15, and 20 

percent and complete enumerations. Limited data 

are also available from the 1969 Census of Agriculture. Survey limitations related Survey limitations 

related to sample size and other sampling characteristics preclude availability of data on races other 

than black from the Current Population Survey.

The decennial census is the only major data source 

for most of the individual “ other” races; the other 

sources include only two “ o th e r” race 

categories-American Indians and Orientals. The 

1970 census provides information for American Indians, Japanese, Chinese, and Filipinos at the national, regional, State, area, and place levels, and for 

Koreans and Hawaiians at the national level and for 

selected States and areas. Counts of Eskimos and 

Aleuts in Alaska are also provided.1

The decennial census is also the only one of the 

four major sources which relies on self-identification 

of race. In the 1970 census, the category American 

Indian includes persons who indicated their race as 

American Indian or who did not indicate specific 

race but reported the name of an Indian tribe or such 

race items as French-American Indian, IndianAm erican, M exican-A m erican Indian, Red, or 

Spanish American Indian. Japanese includes persons reporting Japanese, Japanese-American, Nipponese, or Oriental. Chinese included those reporting Chinese, Chinese-American, or Mongolian. 

Filipino and Korean include persons who indicated

lrThe Bureau of the Census is in the process of preparing a report

with data on the social and economic characteristics of Eskimos

and Aleuts in Alaska. This report will be issued as part of the

PC(S1), Supplementary Reports series.

Filipino or Filipino-A m erican, and K orean or 

Korean-American, respectively.

There were numerous other races reported on the 

1970 census questionnaires; but of these, data were 

coded and tabulated only for Eskimos and Aleuts in 

Alaska and for Hawaiians. Among the remaining 

races are: Asian, Burmese, Cambodian, Ceylonese, 

Eurasian, Indonesian, Javanese, Laotian, Lapp, 

Malayan, Melanesian, Micronesian, Polynesian, 

Samoan, Siamese, Thai, Tibetan and Vietnamese.

Data for American Indians and specified other 

races are extremely limited. Two Subject Reports

from the Census o f Population: 1970, (PC(2)-1F, 

“ American Indians,” and PC(2)-1G, “ Japanese, 

Chinese, and Filipinos in the United States” ), contain the bulk of the available social and economic 

data. The latter publication also contains some data 

on Koreans and Hawaiians. One of the Census o f

Housing: 1970, Subject Reports, HC(7)-9, “ Housing 

of Selected Racial Groups,” is the only housing report with data for minority races other than Negro. 

These three publications also contain statistics for 

regions and selected States, SMSA’s, and, for the 

PC(2)-G report, and selected cities. The report on 

American Indians also has tribal and reservation 

data.

Small amounts of information for these races are 

scattered among other Census of Population: 1970, 

PC(2) Subject Reports (Nos. 1C, ID, 3A, 4A, 4C, 

4D, 4E, 5A, 5B, 7A, 7B, 9A, 9B, and 10A) and total 

about 80 pages of tabulations. Also a few tables of the 

PC(1)-B and -D State reports contain population 

counts by age and sex for these races.

Reports from the Census of Population

and Housing: 1970

Census of Population: 1970, reports

Volume I (Series PC(1)), Characteristics of

the Population

Series PC(1)-B, “ General Population Charac52

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teristics“ . The “ General Population Characteristics” series of reports contain counts of the American Indian, Chinese, Japanese, and Filipino populations, by sex, for the United States, regions, divisions, States, standard m etropolitan statistical 

areas, urbanized areas, counties, and places of 2,500 

inhabitants or more. Data for the Nation, regions, 

divisions, and States also include population counts 

by type of residence and size of place. Counts of 

these groups are also presented for places of 1,000 to 

2,500 inhabitants, but not by sex.

Series P C (1)-D , “ D e ta ile d C h a ra c te ris tic s ” .

The PC(1)-D reports contain counts of the American 

Indian, Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, and Korean 

populations by sex, age and nativity at the State, 

regional and national levels. The State report for 

Alaska (PC(1)-D3) contains similar data for Eskimos 

and Aleuts (omitting Koreans), while the Hawaii 

(PC(1)-D13) and the United States Summary reports 

include counts of Hawaiians.

In addition, the PC(1)-D reports include some fertility data for Japanese and Chinese women 35 to 44 

years old; and age at first marriage data for American 

Indians, Japanese, and Chinese 30 to 49 years old.

Volume II (Series PC(2)), Subject Reports

R e p o rts P C (2 )1 C , “ P e rs o n s o f S p a n is h

O rig in ,” a n d P C (2)-1D , “ Persons o f Spanish S u rn a m e ” . Table 2 of “ Persons of Spanish Origin” has 

counts of American Indians of Spanish origin or descent for the United States, regions, geographic divisions, and States. Table 5 provides counts of American Indians and Filipinos at the National level according to sex, nativity status, and type of Spanish 

origin (total, Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban).

“ Persons of Spanish Surname” presents counts of 

American Indians and Filipinos of Spanish surname, 

by sex, for Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas according to type of residence, and 

for each of 28 SMSA’s and 21 places (in these five 

States) having 25,000 inhabitants or more with a 

Spanish surname.

R ep o rt PC(2yiF, “A m erican In d ia n s ” . This report is the principal source of data on the social, and 

economic characteristics of American Indians. The 

data are presented by type of residence and often by 

sex for the United States, regions, and the 18 States 

with 10,000 or more Indians. More detailed data by 

sex and age are included for the eight States with 

having an Indian population of 25,000 or more. 

Statistics are also furnished for the 30 standard metropolitan statistical areas having 2,500 Indians or 

more, the 24 reservations having 2,300 or more, and 

the 32 tribes having 3,800 Indians or more. Few of 

the data herein are included in any other census 

volume. Moreover, this publication contains more 

social and economic data on American Indians than 

all other Census o f Population: 1970, reports combined.

Statistics presented in the first 15 tables are identical in subject matter to those in the 1970 census 

Subject Reports on Negroes, other minority races, 

and Spanish Americans. In addition there are tables 

showing population counts by age and sex for 90 

tribal classifications, and 115 reservations identified 

by the Bureau of the Census. Another table presents 

data on 20 specified mother tongues according to 

age, sex, and residence on reservations.

Among the social characteristics covered are 

household relationship, marital status, fertility, presence and number of children, family size, place of 

birth and residence in 1965, school enrollment, and 

the educational attainment of persons and family 

heads. Economic characteristics include labor force 

status, and employment status of persons and wives 

of family heads; occupation of employed persons 

and family heads; industry of employed persons; 

weeks worked by persons and family heads; hours 

worked by family heads; number of earners in 

families; income of persons and families; type of 

income of families; and the incidence of poverty for 

persons and families. Ten housing characteristics are 

also presented: tenure, number of rooms, number of 

persons, persons per room, number of units in structure, year structure built, selected equipment, automobile availability value of owner occupied units, 

and amount of rent paid.

R ep o rt P C (2)-1G , “Japanese, Chinese, an d

Filipinos in the U n ited S ta te s ” . This report constitutes the primary source of information on Japanese, 

Chinese, Filipinos, Koreans, and Hawaiians, presenting social, economic, and housing data on the first 

three groups and limited social and economic data 

for the last two groups. Coverage is for the Nation 

and regions, and for States and SMSA’s with substantial numbers of these minority groups. Data are 

in a format which facilitiates comparison with data 

presented on blacks, Indians, and Spanish Americans in Subject Reports PC(2)-1B through IF, and 

provides a limited amount of comparability to the 

ethnic group data in PC(2)-1A, “ National Origin and 

Language.”

The publication contains 49 tables, 15 each for 

Japanese, Chinese, and Filipino-Americans and two

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each for Koreans and Hawaiians. Among the demographic and social characteristics covered in this 

report are age and sex, type of residence, mother 

tongue, household and family relationship, marital 

status, family size, fertility, residence in 1965, presence and number of children, school enrollment, and 

educational attainm ent. Economic data include 

inform ation on labor force participation, 

employment status, occupation of employed persons 

and family heads, industry, weeks worked and hours 

worked, number of earners in families, income of 

persons and fam ilies, type of income and the 

incidence of poverty for persons and families. 

Housing data are also included, covering such 

characteristics as tenure, number of rooms, number 

of persons, persons per room, number of units in 

structure, year structure built, selected equipment, 

automobile availability, value, and rent.

R e p o rt P C (2)-3A , “ W om en b y N u m b e r o f

C h ild ren E ver B o rn ” . Three tables in this report 

provide fertility data on minority races other than 

Negro. Number of children ever born is crosstabulated by age and type of residence for American 

Indians, Japanese, Chinese, Filipinos, Koreans, and 

Hawaiians in table 8. The following table provides 

separate data for 30 individual American Indian 

tribes. Table 10 presents number of children ever 

born, by age of wife, according to the race and nativity of husband by that of the wife-coverage includes 

American Indians, Japanese, and Chinese.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-4 A , “ F a m ily C o m p o s itio n ” .

“ Family Composition’’ includes one table with family data on American Indians, Japanese, Chinese, 

and Filipinos. It contains counts of families according to presence of children cross-tabulated by presence in the family of siblings, parents, and grandchildren of the family head. The data for American Indians are additionally cross-tabulated according to 

the presence of subfamilies.

Report PC(2)-4C, “ M arital Status” . This report 

contains one table (table 12) with national and regional data on the race and type of Spanish origin of 

wives cross-tabulated by the race and Spanish origin 

of husbands, according to decade when first married. 

Data are provided for American Indians, Japanese, 

Chinese, and Filipinos, according to type of residence.

Table 13 provides sim ilar data for 

H aw aii-om itting Spanish origin, but including 

Hawaiians and Koreans in addition to the races cited

for table 12.

R ep o rt P C (2 y 4 D , “A g e a t First M a rria g e ”.

This Subject Report has two tables containing some 

data on American Indians, Japanese, Chinese, 

Filipinos, Hawaiians, and Koreans. Table 5 tabulates the age of first marriage of each of these groups 

by age at the time of the 1970 census, and sex, for the 

United States and urbanized areas. Table 6 presents 

cumulative percentages of persons first married 

prior to reaching eight different ages, by age in 1970, 

and sex, for the United States and urbanized areas.

R e p o rt P C (2)-4E , “P erson s in In s titu tio n s

a n d O th er G ro u p Q u a rte rs ”. One brief table (No. 

15) in this report contains national counts of American Indian, Japanese, Chinese, and Filipino inmates 

of institutions according to sex and four broad age 

groups.

R ep o rt P C (2)-5A , "S ch o o l E n ro llm e n t”. Data 

for American Indians, Japanese Americans, and 

Chinese Americans are provided in two tables of this 

report. Table 1 has data on the enrollment status of 

persons 3 to 49 years old according to year of school 

in which enrolled. Table 14 has educational attainment data for persons 16 to 24 years old not enrolled 

in school. Both tables present data for each of these 

three racial groups according to age, sex, and type of 

residence.

R ep o rt P C (2)-5B , “ E d u catio n al A tta in m e n t.”

“ Educational Attainment” contains one table presenting data on Indians 14 years of age or older who 

are native born of native parentage. This 

encompasses virtually all American Indians (93 

percent). The data consist of years of school 

completed for 12 age groups by sex. Coverage is for 

the United States, according to type of residence.

R ep o rt P C (2 y iA , " O ccu p atio n al C h aracteristics” . This Subject Report contains two tables providing detailed occupation (441 occupational 

categories), by sex, for American Indians, Japanese, 

Chinese, and Filipinos. One table (No. 2) provides an 

occupational distribution of the experienced labor 

force, while table 39 has a comparable distribution 

for persons employed at the time of the census.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-7 B f ” In d u s tria l C h a ra c te ris ­

tics ”. This report contains occasional tables presenting counts of American Indians, Japanese, Chinese, 

and Filipinos according to industry and sex. Tables 2

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and 33 provide such data on the experienced labor 

force and em ployed persons for 227 separate 

industries. Table 42 includes counts for the 

experienced civilian labor force of these four races 

according to class of w orker and agricultural 

industry status.

R ep o rt P C (2)-9A , “L o w -In co m e P o p u la tio n ’’.

This publication presents data primarily on the lowincome white, black, and Spanish origin populations; in addition, table 3 contains information on 

American Indians, Japanese, Chinese, Filipinos, 

Hawaiians, and Koreans. Included are counts of all 

persons and families, and counts of those below the 

poverty level, as well as the percentage of those 

below the poverty line. Data are for persons in 

families, according to family relationship and sex of 

family head, and unrelated individuals. Selected 

other items are included in this table for the United 

States and each of the four regions.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-9 B , “ L o w -In c o m e A reas in

Large C ities’’. This report includes limited data for 

American Indians, Japanese, and Chinese living in 

the 50 largest cities (individually and combined) and 

the four largest boroughs in New York City. Data for 

these races consist of counts of the population, and 

incidence of low-income for the total city and six 

aggregates of Census tracts within the city according 

to the percent of persons below the poverty level in 

1969.

In addition, data for Honolulu, Hawaii, include 

numerous social, economic, and housing characteristics of the Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, and 

Hawaiian populations for the total city, areas 

consisting of census tracts with a poverty rate of 20 

percent or more, and the remainder of the city.

The number of persons and the incidence of income below the low-income level in individual lowincome neighborhoods (divisions of low-income 

areas) have been published for American Indians, 

Japanese, Chinese, and Filipinos in 39 reports of the 

PC(S1) Supplementary Reports series. These reports (PC(Sl)-65 through -103) present neighborhood statistics for all the cities covered in PC(2)-9B, 

except Honolulu, which was not divided into separate low-income neighborhoods.

R e p o rt P C (2 )-1 0 A , “A m e ric a n s liv in g A b ­

ro a d ’’. This report presents population counts, by 

age and sex, of American Indian, and Japanese, 

Chinese, and Filipino-American civilians living outside the United States. Separate data are provided

for Federal Government civilian employees, dependents of members of the Armed Forces dependents 

of Federal civilian employees, crews of merchant 

vessels, and other citizens. Most of these counts are 

provided according to country or major area of residence and for employed persons.

Census of Housing: 1970, reports

Volume VII (Series HC(7)), S u b ject R eports

R ep o rt H C (7 )-9 , “H ousing of S e le cted R acial

G ro u p s ’’. This report is the only report from the 

Housing Census with data on American Indians, 

Japanese, Chinese, Filipinos, and Koreans (limited 

housing data for these groups can be found in the 

PC(2)-1F and 1G Census o f Population: 1970, Subject Reports. It contains 11 sets of six tables covering 

the United States, inside SMSA’s, in central cities, 

outside central cities, outside SMSA’s each of the 

four regions, and individual States and SMSA’s with 

substantial population from these minority groups.

These six tables presents occupancy and plumbing 

characteristics (population, tenure, year moved in, 

source of water, sewage disposal, piped water, flush 

toilet, bathtub, plumbing, and type of residence); 

utilization characteristics (rooms, persons, persons 

per room, and number of bedrooms), and financial 

characteristics (value, and rent). They present also 

structural characteristics (units in structure, year 

built, basement, elevator, kitchen, and private access); fuels and appliances (fuels for house heating, 

water heating, and cooking; presence of washer, 

dryer, dishwasher, freezer, television, and battery 

radio; air conditioning; automobile availability; and 

type of heating equipment); and household characteristics (number of persons, age and sex of household head, income, and ratio of value and rent to 

income).

Joint population-housing reports

Series PHC(3), Employment Profiles of

Selected Low-Income Areas

Two reports in this series provide data on American Indians; both cover areas in New Mexico. Report 75, “ Selected Rural Countries in New Mexico’’, 

presents characteristics for persons other than white 

or Negro (Indians comprised nearly 100 percent of 

this category). Report 76, “ Zuni Reservation, New 

Mexico,” provides data for the total population,

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about 90 percent of which was American Indian; thus 

these statistics generally reflect the social and 

economic conditions of the Zuni Reservation Indians 

at the survey date.

Among the characteristics covered in the table 

are: Age; marital and family status; number of persons, children, and earners in families; educational 

attainment and job training; labor force and employment status and extent of unemployment; occupation and industry; work history; hourly, weekly, 

and annual earnings; sources and distribution of income, and extent of poverty, and place of work. 

They cover also method and cost of transporation to 

work; desire for work of those not in the labor force 

and reasons for not seeking a job; reasons for leaving 

last job; job seeking methods; lowest acceptable pay; 

expenses for mortgages, rent, and utilities; installment debts; and residential mobility.

Selected Other Data Sources

Other sources of data on these minority races included college enrollment figures on East Asians and 

American Indians (from HEW); data for these same 

two groups on private industry employment (from 

the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) 

and Federal Government employment (from the 

Civil Service Commission); and limited statistics on 

minority farm operators (from the 1969 agriculture 

census).

Data from the Civil Service Commission

Minority Group Employment in the Federal

Government, November 1972

This report, issued two times a year by the Bureau 

of Manpower Information Systems, presents statistics on the number and incidence of minority group 

Federal employees according to pay plan and grade 

or salary level as of May 31, and November 30.

The November reports contain the number and 

proportion of American Indians and “ Orientals” at 

the national level for 120 separate Federal agencies 

according to pay plan and detailed grade and salary 

level; and government-wide totals for each State, 75 

SMSA’s and 11 civil service regions according to pay 

plan and grade or salary level grouping. The May 

reports are limited to national level data.

The concept of race in these reports is not based on 

self-identification by employees but on observation 

by supervisory personnel.

Data from the Bureau of the Census

Census of Agriculture: 1969, reports

One report from the Census of Agriculture has 

data on the other than black minority races. “ Farm 

Management, Farm Operators” (Chapter 3 of the 

Volume II, General Report), contains a few tables 

with data on American Indians and other races. 

Table 37 of part I provides counts of farms with 

American Indian operators and acreage for the Nation, regions, and States according to tenure. Table 

32 of part III provides similar data according to 

economic class of farm. A text table for part III (No. 

15) includes national data on tenure, type of organization, and economic class for American Indian operated farms.

Limited data for specified other races (Hawaiian, 

Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, and K orean) are 

available only for the State of Hawaii, and are in a 

text table on page 173. This table provides counts of 

farm operators, by race, by county and by economic 

class of farm.

Data from the Equal Employment Opportunity

Commission

Equal Employment Opportunity Report:

1970 Job Pattersn for Minorities and

Women in Private Industry

The report (in two volumes) provides employment 

data of minorities by industry, and broad occupational categories for the United States, States and 

standard metropolitan statistical areas. These statistics are from reports on about 31 million workers 

submitted by 45,000 employers in early 1970 to the 

Commission. This is the fifth annual report containing such information, required by Title VI of the Civil 

Rights Act of 1964 or under Executive Order 11246.

Em ploym ent data for American Indians and 

“ Orientals” are provided as follows: (1) Nationwide 

totals of American Indian and “ Oriental” workers 

covering all employers in the survey; (2) statewide 

totals for 49 States and the District of Columbia 

(Hawaiian firms are not required to report to the 

EEOC); (3) industry tables, by State, for each of 60 

industry groups. These tables are published for those 

States in which there are at least 10 reporting establishments within the industry, or at least five establishments and at least 2,000 employees; (4) selected 

industry tables for industries meeting the same 

10/5-2,000 requirement above, for the eight SMSA’s

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containing 5,000 Indians or more and nine SMSA’s 

containing 10,000 Oriental Americans or more. Data 

for “ O rientals” are not available in separate 

categories for Japanese, Chinese, or other East 

Asian races.

Data from the Department of Health, Education,

and Welfare

Racial and Ethnic Enrollment Data from Institutions of Higher Education: Fall 1970

This report of the Office for Civil Rights presents 

counts of A m erican Indians and “ O rientals”

enrolled as full-time students in institutions of higher 

education in 1970. Data are furnished for the Nation, 

States, and individual institutions according to 

enrollment level (undergraduate, graduate).

Digest of Educational Statistics, 1973

Four tables of this Office of Education report 

contain limited data on American Indians and 

“ Orientals.” These tables provide information on 

the following subject areas: enrollment in adult 

education program s, rep resen tatio n among 

first-time college students, extent of racial isolation 

in public schools, and 1965 achievement test scores.

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Section IV. Ethnic Groups Other Than Spanish Ancestry

Introduction

There are three indicators used in ascertaining the 

ethnicity of persons other than those of Spanish 

ancestry-self-identification of origin or descent, 

country of birth or of parent’s birth, and mother 

tongue.

Data on these ethnic groups are available from two 

sources—selected by 1970 census publications and 

occasional Current Population Reports.

The 1970 census statistics are even less prevalent 

than those for minority races other than blacks. 

Characteristic data for the other than Spanish ancestry ethnic groups are restricted entirely to coverage 

of persons reporting his birth or that of his parents in 

selected foreign countries; no information is available comparable to the Spanish ancestry identifier of 

country of origin or descent. Moreover, only population counts were tabulated for persons reporting a 

mother tongue other than Spanish. The result is that 

there are no 1970 census data for third and successive generation Americans who consider themselves 

to be members of any of the non-Spanish ancestry 

ethnic groups. On the other hand, reports from Current Population Surveys present data based on responses to self-identification of ethnic origin or descent, without regard, necessarily, to the Nation of 

one’s birth or that of his parents.

The Census o f Population: 1970, Subject Report

PC(2)1A, “ National Origin and Language,’’ contains virtually all the social and economic data on the 

other than Spanish ancestry ethnic groups to be 

found in the decennial census. A very limited amount 

of such data is to be found also in some of the other 

Subject Reports (3A, 4A, 4C, 4D, 5A, 5B, 9A, and 

9B). Data in the volume I reports, Series PC(1)-C and 

PC(1)-D, and the Census Tracts reports (Series 

PHC(l)) are limited to population counts. No housing data were published.

A few of the Current Population Reports contain 

data for persons reporting selected countries or areas 

of origin or descent. The most recent such report 

providing a range of social and economic characteristic data is Series P-20, No. 249, “ Characteristics

of the Population by Ethnic Origin: March 1972 and 

1971.’’

Some of the following source listings do not present data for individual ethnic groups; however, they 

are cited because they furnish data on the total 

foreign born, on the native born of foreign or mixed 

parentage, or on both.

Reports from the Census of Population

and Housing: 1970

Census of Population: 1970, reports

Volume I (Series PC(1)), Characteristics of

the Population

Series PC(1)-C, “ G eneral S ocial and

Economic Characteristics” . This series of reports 

has counts of the foreign bom, and native born persons of foreign or mixed parentage, by race and 

Spanish heritage, according to country of birth or 

parentage (27 countries or areas). In addition are 

counts of the native and the foreign born populations 

according to mother tongue. These statistics are 

provided for the Nation, and States by type of residence, and size of place; and for individual metropolitan areas, urbanized areas, and places of

50,000 inhabitants or more. Some of these data are 

available for regions and geographic divisions in the 

United States summary report of this series.

Series PC(1)-D, “ Detailed Characteristics” .

The “ Detailed Characteristics’’ reports contain 

counts of the foreign born by such characteristics as 

sex, age, mother tongue, citizenship status, year of 

immigration, and country of birth (81 countries or 

areas). For persons native born of foreign or mixed 

parentage few er characteristics are presented 

—race, mother tongue, and country of parent’s 

birth.

These data are presented for the Nation, its regions, States and major cities. Some of these data 

also are shown for major SMSA’s.

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Volume II (Series PC(2)), Subject Reports

Report PC(2yiA, “ National Origin and Language” . This report is the most comprehensive 

source of social and economic data for the study of 

ethnic groups. Statistics are presented on persons 

whose birth or at least one parents’ birth was in one 

of 24 selected countries or areas. Coverage includes 

the first and second generation American population 

from 17 individual European nations, China, Japan, 

Canada, Mexico, Cuba, other West Indies, and other 

Central and South America. Information is presented separately for these two generations of 

foreign stock for the United States and 22 standard 

metropolitan statistical areas.

Characteristics are tabulated for broad age groups 

(and often by sex) at the national level, and usually 

by sex alone at the SMSA level. Topics covered 

include relation to head of household, marital status, 

fertility, residence in 1965, years of school completed, mother tongue, labor force participation and 

employment status, occupation, class of worker, income of families and unrelated individuals, and poverty status. Similar data are included for the white, 

black, and Spanish language populations. Many of 

these statistics are comparable to data in other 

Subject Reports on blacks, Indians, Japanese, 

Chinese, Filipinos, and persons of Spanish ancestry.

Additional tables present social and economic 

characteristics of the foreign-born population from 

each country (or area) according to year of immigration, while the final table presents nativity status 

data on family members and unrelated individuals 

according to country of birth or parentage. Counts of 

persons according to mother tongue and nativity 

status are provided in table 19 of this report.

Report PC(2)-3A) “ Women by Number of

Children Ever Born” . Table 12 of this report presents fertility statistics for women who were born or 

had at least one parent born in 12 separate foreign 

countries. Data are provided according to age and 

foreign birth or parentage, for the United States and 

urbanized areas.

Report PC(2)-4A, “ Family Composition” . This 

report contains a table presenting characteristics of 

husband-wife families in which the family head was 

of foreign birth or parentage. Characteristics include 

age of wife, family size, presence and number of 

children, education, income, and type of residence. 

These tabulations are repeated for families in which 

the head and wife are of the same foreign stock. 

Separate tabulations are provided for families 

headed by first or second generation Irish, Germans,

Russians, and Italians.

Another table includes the presence of children 

cross-tabulated according to the presence in the family of brothers or sisters, parents, and grandchildren 

to family heads of Irish, German, Polish, Russian, 

Italian, or Mexican foreign stock.

Report PC(2)-4C, “ Marital Status” . “ Marital 

Status’’ contains one table which presents a detailed 

cross-tabuation of the country of birth or parentage 

of husbands by the country of birth or parentage of 

wives, according to age. The data are presented for 

the United States, central cities of urbanized areas, 

balance of urbanized areas, other urban places, rural 

non-farm, and rural farm, in addition to total and 

central cities for each of the four regions.

Countries for which birth or parentage statistics 

are presented in this table are: United Kingdom, 

Ireland, Germany, Poland, U .S.S.R., Italy, and 

Canada. Cross-tabulations are also presented for the 

total population, blacks, Puerto Ricans, and persons 

of Spanish heritage.

Report PC(2)-4D, “Age at First Marriage” .

This publication has one table (table 7) which presents distributions, by sex, of the age at first marriage 

for the native and foreign born white population. 

Included are distributions for those born in eight 

foreign countries (United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Poland, U.S.S.R., Italy, Canada, and Mexico) for seven ages at first marriage categories. Also 

provided is the median age of first marriage for each 

distribution. These statistics are presented for five 

age breaks (at the time of the 1970 census) for the 

foreign born in the United States and those living in 

urbanized areas.

R eport PC(2)-5A, “ S chool E n ro llm e n t” .

“ School Enrollment” has three tables containing 

enrollment data by ethnicity. Table 13 has enrollment status (enrolled below college, in college, not 

enrolled), by sex, five age groupings, and citizenship 

status for the foreign born from 21 separate European countries, Asia, Canada, Mexico, and other 

Latin America. Table 1 has data on enrollment status 

by sex, age, and year of school in which enrolled, for 

all native whites of foreign or mixed parentage, and 

foreign born whites, by type of residence. Table 14 

has educational attainment data for persons 16 to 24 

years old, not enrolled in school, for the same 

characteristics as table 1.

Report PC(2)-5Bf “ Educational Attainm ent” .

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“ Educational Attainment” has one table containing 

data on years of school completed for three broad 

categories of native bom persons of foreign or mixed 

parentage and the foreign born. For the United 

States, urban, and rural residence, data are provided 

by age and sex for the first and second generation 

population from Europe; Mexico, Central or South 

America; and other (largely Asians).

Report PC(2)-9A, “ Low-Income Population’’.

This report includes two tables with data on the 

incidence of low-income (poverty) for various ethnic 

groups. Table 5 presents the percent of persons 

below the low-income level who were bom or had a 

parent bom in any of 59 separate foreign countries or 

areas. Another table (34) presents data on the difference between the poverty level and 1969 income, for 

families with birth or parentage in 10 major European 

nations, Canada, Mexico, Cuba, and other America 

(exclusive of the United States).

R eport PC(2)-9B, “ Low -Incom e Areas in

Large Cities’’. Counts of the foreign stock (persons 

of foreign birth or parentage) originating in four areas 

of the world are provided for the 50 largest cities 

(individually and combined) and four boroughs of 

New York City. Data are given according to residence in six aggregates of Census tracts within the 

city, classified according to the percent of persons 

bejow the poverty level in 1969. Foreign stock data 

are furnished for: Latin America, Northwestern 

Europe, Southern Europe, and Central and Eastern 

Europe and U.S.S.R.

Joint population-housing reports

Series PHC(1), Census Tracts

This series of reports provides counts of the 

foreign stock population (persons of foreign birth or 

parentage) from each of 14 separate countries or 

areas for 238 SMSA’s, central cities, component 

places of 25,000 inhabitants or more, metropolitan 

counties, and census tracts. Countries or areas include the United Kingdom, Ireland, Sweden, Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Hungary, 

the U.S.S.R., Italy, Canada, Mexico, Cuba, and 

“ other America.”

Report No. 29 of the PC(S1) Supplementary Reports series, “ Population and Housing Characteristics for the United States, by State: 1970,” provides 

State and national data with the same table format as 

the Census Tracts report series.

Reports from the Current Population

Survey

Data published by the Bureau of the Census

Current Population Reports

Series P-20, No. 253, “ Voting and Registration in the Election of November 1972’’. Table 2 of 

this report provides counts of the voting age population, the percent registered to vote, and the percent 

who reported voting in the 1972 election. These 

items are presented, by sex, for persons reporting 

origin or descent as German; Italian; Irish; French; 

Polish; Russian; English, Scottish, or W elsh; 

Spanish; or Negro. This is the only Current Population Report containing data for blacks identified in 

response to a question on origin or descent as well as 

to a question on race.

Series P-20, No. 249, “ Characteristics of the

Population by Ethnic Origin: March 1972 and

1971’’. This report presents statistics on selected 

characteristics of persons who identified themselves 

in March 1972, and March 1971 as being of eight 

specified ethnic groups according to the question, 

“ What is—’s origin or descent?” Groups covered 

are German; Italian; Irish; French; Polish; Russian; 

English, Scottish, or Welsh; and Spanish. There are 

20 detailed tables) 10 for characteristics in 1972 and 

10 identical tables for 1971.

Characteristics covered for both years are age and 

sex, marital status, family status, size and type of 

family, number of family members under age 18, 

number of own children under age 3 and under age 6, 

years of school completed, labor force and employment status, occupation, and income of persons and 

families.

The opening pages include discussion and summary tables on the characteristics of the five largest 

groups)persons of English, Scottish, or Welsh; 

German; Irish; Spanish; and Italian origin or descent.

Data on the incidence of low-income for these 

groups are not contained in this publication; however, a limited amount of such data from the March 

1973,1972, and 1971 CPS can be found in series P-60, 

numbers 91, 86, and 81, respectively.

Series P-20, No. 221, “ Characteristics of the

Population by Ethnic Origin: November 1969’’.

This publication furnishes statistics on selected 

characteristics of persons who identified themselves

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as of various ethnic groups according to responses to 

question on origin or descent asked in the November 

1969, Current Population Survey. This is the first 

CPS including ethnic group identification. The report contains data for those who reported German, 

Irish, Italian, Polish, Russian, English, or Spanish 

origin or descent.

C haracteristics include age and sex; mother 

tongue and current language; origin of household 

head by origin of wife; number of related persons 

under age 18 in husband-wife households; nativity 

status; place of birth, and place of birth by that of 

mother and father; literacy; educational attainment; 

family income; labor force and employment status; 

and occupation.

Two other publications from this same survey present additional statistics on these ethnic groups. 

More detail on educational attainment can be found 

in Current Population Reports, series P-20, No. 220,

Ethnic Origin and E ducational A ttainm ent: 

November 1969” . Series P-20, No. 226, “ Fertility 

Variations by Ethnic Origin: November 1969,” presents detailed statistics on the number of women 

ever married, and number of children ever bom, by 

such characteristics as age, type of residence, region, relation to household head, years of school 

completed, labor force status, employment status 

and occupation of husband, and family income.

Series P-60, No. 91, “ Characteristics of the

Low-Income Population: 1972“ . This report has a 

brief table (No. 11) with data on the incidence of 

low-income status for seven separate ethnic groups. 

These are: English, Scottish, or Welsh; French; 

German; Irish; Italian; Polish; and Russian. Information is provided for families, by sex of family head, 

and for unrelated individuals, by sex. Data for 1971 

and 1970 low-income status are available in series 

P-60, Nos. 86 and 81.

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Appendix A. How to Find Source Publications

Purchase

Publications listed in this directory (except some 

BLS reports cited below) are available for purchase 

from the United States Government Printing Office 

(GPO). Orders should be addressed to the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing 

Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. The GPO maintains 

bookstores in Washington, D.C., and in other major 

cities for over-the-counter purchases.1 In addition, 

Bureau of the Census reports can be ordered from 

field office of the Department of Commerce; and 

BLS reports can be ordered from BLS regional offices. Advance payment by check or money order, or 

charge to a Superintendent of Documents deposit 

account is required. Checks and money orders 

should be made payable to the Superintendent of 

Documents, regardless of where orders are placed. 

Orders must clearly state the title of the report, the 

series and report number, and the issuing agency. 

Price information is available from the issuing 

agency and from GPO bookstores.

Use of special order forms for 1970 Census publications is recommended as there are more than 1,300 

separate reports available. These forms, which will 

expedite processing, can be obtained by writing the 

Publications D istribution Section, Social and 

Economic Statistics Administration, Washington, 

D.C. 20233, or telephoning (301)-763-5853. Please 

specify the report series for which order forms are 

needed.

The Bureau o f the Census Catalog is issued on a 

current basis every 3 months and cumulated to an 

annual volume. Monthly supplements list new publications as they appear. The catalog is available by 

subscription from GPO.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics has prepared a 

complete list of major BLS publications issued between 1886 and 1971. It is available from GPO or *

*It is recommended that the purchaser telephone GPO bookstores to verify price, availability, and the time needed to locate

the desired publication(s). Orders for customer pickup can also be

placed by phone.

BLS regional offices. Publications released since 

1971 are listed inPublications o f the Bureau o f Labor

Statistics, issued semi-annually. These listings can 

be obtained free of charge from the BLS offices in 

Washington, D.C. or from BLS regional offices.

The Special Labor Force Reports and BLS Reports 402,417,420, and 431 cited in this directory can 

be obtained free of charge, as long as supplies last, by 

writing the Office of Information, Bureau of Labor 

Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, 

D.C. 20212.

Library reference

Reference copies of most reports cited in this directory are available at issuing agencies and at many 

libraries. Many public libraries in major cities and 

large college and university libraries have been designated depositories for Government publications. 

There are more than 1,100 such GPO Depository 

Libraries located throughout the Nation. A listing of 

these libraries is available without charge from the 

L ibrary of the G overnm ent Printing O ffice, 

Washington, D.C. 20402.

To supplement this system, the Bureau of the Census has been furnishing copies of its reports to more 

than 100 additional libraries, chosen on the basis of 

population in the case of a city library, or enrollment 

in the case of a college or university library (criteria 

also used by GPO), as well as on the basis of distance 

from the nearest GPO Depository Library.

The two depository systems make it possible for a 

collection of most reports listed in this directory to 

be available in every important research center. 

Your local librarian should be able to furnish the 

address of the nearest such depository.

Availability of unpublished data

Much more Bureau of the Census information is 

available to the public than that contained in the 

printed reports of censuses and surveys. The Bureau 

has data files in the form of computer tapes (and

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other media) which can be processed to provide 

more detailed tabulations and more numerous 

cross-classifications than those appearing in the publications from the Census of Population and Housing: 1970, Census of Agriculture: 1969, and Current 

Population Surveys.

Tape files are of two basic types: (1) Those containing the basic records on the individual respondents, that is, the actual responses of each person, 

and (2) those containing statistical totals, that is, 

summaries of data for geographic areas or for detailed subject areas. Basic record tapes usually are 

not available to the public, except for a limited 

number of files from which any information that 

could identify individual respondents has been removed in compliance with laws respecting confidentiality. However, the Bureau of the Census can prepare (and does sell at cost) special tabulations from 

these basic records, provided no information on an 

individual person or household is disclosed. Summary tapes are available for purchase as they contain 

no information on individual respondents.

Information on such tape files and special tabulations is published in the Bureau o f the Census

Catalog, published quarterly and cumulated to annual summaries. Detailed information on the availability and costs of unpublished data can be found on 

pages 205-271 of the 1972 annual summary.

Other publications with useful information regarding unpublished data as well as published reports 

include: Sm all-A rea D ata N o te s, published 

monthly, and Data Access Descriptions, published 

at irregular intervals are available on a combined 

subscription basis from the Data Access and Use 

Laboratory, Data User Service Office, U.S. Bureau 

of the Census, Washington, D.C. 20233. Data Access Descriptions Nos. 13,18, 22-26, and 30, contain 

detailed descriptions of 1970 census data available 

on computer tape.

The 1970 Census Users' Guide (Parts I and II), can 

be purchased from the Government Printing Office. 

Part I is concerned with printed reports, and Part II 

describes some of the data available on summary 

tapes.

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Appendix B. Locater Guide for National Level Data in the 1970 Decennial Census

The following tables have been prepared to aid the 

user in locating national level data in the series of 

1970 census reports containing large amounts of 

statistical information on minority groups. Entries in 

the locater tables for Volume I of the Census o f

Population: 1970 and for Volumes I and II of the 

Census o f Housing: 1970, refer to table numbers in 

the United States Summary reports only. Entries for 

other series, such as the PC(2) and HC(7) Subject

Reports, refer to the report number. Such reports 

contain fewer tables than the PC(1)-1, HC(1)-1, and 

HC(2)-1 reports; and desired tables can be quickly 

located by consulting tables of contents for the individual reports listed.

In addition to reports included in the locater tables, there are a few other 1970 Census Final Reports 

with National level data for blacks. These are 

HC(4)-1, C om ponents o f Inventory C hange,

“ United States Summary” ; HC(5), Residential Finance; HC(6), Plumbing Facilities and Estimates o f

Dilapidated Housing; PHC(2)-1, General Demographic Trends fo r Metropolitan Areas, 1960 to

1970, “ United States Summary;” and PHC(3)-1, 

Em ploym ent Profiles o f Selected Low -Incom e

Areas, “ United States Summary” . Statistical data 

for persons of Spanish ancestry are also available in 

the PHC(3)-1 report.

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Table B-1. Location of population data on the national level for Black Americans in Census of Population; 1970, Volume I, Part

1, “United States Summary” (Report No. PC(1)-1)

Subject area Table numbers1

Age2 ..............................

Place of birth..................

Country of birth or orgin...

Mother tongue................

Nativity, citizenship,

immigration..............

Residence in 1965...........

School enrollment............

Educational attainment....

Vocational training..........

Veteran status.................

Martial status.................

Marital history.................

Household characteristics3

Group quarters.................

Family characteristics......

Subfamilies....................

Children..........................

Unrelated individuals.......

Fertility..........................

Work disability.................

Labor force participation..

Employment status...........

Hours worked...................

Weeks worked in 1969......

Year last worked.............

Occupation......................

Industry..........................

Class of worker................

Place of work..................

50 52 53 85 190 

69 87 191 213 

86

86

68 86 190 195 

72 87 196 230

74 88 197 217 267 268

75 88 89 156 157 198 199 201 209 213 220 231 249 254 264 268 

88 200 201

71 87

54 90 203 211-213 216 250 

203 210 211 213 

54 85 204 258 

54 89 205

54 89 206-209 246 250-257 259-266 

206

54 85 89 90 93 95 206-209 214 216 220 250 260 261 263 265 266 

83 94 95 206 246 250 252 257 259 265

76 89 212 213 

89 220

77 78 90 201 209 213 215-217 219 220 248 250 253 261 262 

77 90 201 215 217 219-221 248 253 261 262

217

79 93 218 247 253 262 

219

81 88 91 93 201 213 220 223-228 230 231 233 255 262

82 92 233 236-238 240 241 256 

93 225 238

87

Means of transportation

to work..................

Income of persons........

Income of families.......

87

84 213 220 244-246 248 249 

83 94 250-252 254-257 266

Income of unrelated

individuals..................

Income of households3.......

Earnings............................

Low-income (poverty) status

of persons...................

of fam ilies..................

of unrelated individuals

Type of income...................

Housing characteristics4.....

83 94 250 252 257 

258

94 201 227 228 240 241 247 253

95 220 259 267 268 

95 259-261 263-266 

95 259 265

94 95 257 264

95

1Tables 1-46, 47-67, 68-188, and 189-371, are located in chapters A, B, C, and D, 

respectively.

2Most tables, particularly those in chapter “D”, contain data according to age, sex, and type 

of residence. Tables listed above for age indicate only those tables providing considerable age 

detail.

Various reports from the Census of Housing: 1970, include numerous population

characteristics for households, household heads, and other members of households, crosstabulated by one or more housing items. Population items include: age, sex, presence of children, 

year moved in, residence in 1965, educational attainment, labor force participation, employment 

status, occupation, and income. See table B-3.

4See table B-3 for the location of housing characteristic data contained in both Census of

Housing: 1970, and Census of Population: 1970, reports.

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Table B-2, Location of population data on the national level for Black Americans in Census of Population: 1970, Volume II,

Subject Reports (Report Nos. PC(2)-1 A through PC(2)-10B1)

Subject area3

Report numbers2

Best sources Other reports with data

Age................................................................................ 1B4D 2B 3A 4C 6A 6E 9A

Place of birth................................................................. 2A2D IB 2B 2C 3A 4E 5A 5B 9A 9B

Country of birth or origin................................................ 1C

Mother tongue................................................................ 1A

Nativity, citizenship,

immigration............................................................... 1A 2D 4C 4E

Residence in 1965.......................................................... 2B 2D 2E 1A IB 2C 3A 4A 4E 5A 6A 6E 7A 7B 9B

School enrollment........................................................... 5A IB 2B 2D 3A 4D 4E 6A 6B 7A 8C 9A 9B

1A IB 2C 2D 3A 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 5A 5C 6A 6B 6C 6E 7A 7B 7D 8A 8C 9A 9B 

6C 9A

Educational attainment.................. ................................ 2B 5B 8B

Vocational training......................................................... 5C

Veteran status............................................................... 6E 4E 9A

Marital status................................................................ 4C 6A 1A IB 2B 3A 4A 4B 4D 4E 5A 5B 6B 6C 6E 7A 7B 9A

Marital history................................................................ 4C 4D 3A 4A 4B 4E

Household characteristics............................................... (4)

4E

1A IB 2B 3A 4A 4B 4D 5A 6A 6B 6C 6E 8C 9B

Group quarters................................................................ 3A 4B 6E

Family characteristics..................................................... 4A 4B 8A 9A 1A 2A 2B 2D 3A 5A 6A 6C 6E 7D 8C 9B

Subfamilies.................................................................... 4A 9A

Children.......................................................................... 3A 4A 4B 6A 9A IB 2B 2D 5A 5B 6B 6C 6E 8A 8C 9B

Unrelated individuals...................................................... 9A 1A IB 4B 6B 8A 8C 9B

Fertility................................... ...................................... 3A 1A IB 2B 2C 2D 4B 6A 9A 9B

Work disability................................................................ 6C 3A9A

Labor force participation................................................ 6A 6B 1A IB 2B 2C 2D 3A 4A 4B 5A 5B 5C 6C 6E 8A 8C 9A 9B

Employment status.......................................................... 2B 6A 6B 9A 1A IB 2C 2D 3A 4A 4B 5A 5B 5C 6C 6E 8A 8C 9B

Hours worked.................................................................. 7A 7B 1B4A4B 6A 7D

Weeks worked................................................................. 6A9A IB 4A 4B 6C 6E 7A 7B 7D 8A 8B 8C 9B

Year last worked............................................................ 6B 3A 6C

Occupation..................................................................... 7A 7C 7E 7F 8B 1A IB 2B 2D 3A 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 5A 5B 5C 6B 6C 6E 7D 8A 8C 9A 9B

Industry.......................................................................... 7B 7C IB 5C 7D 7E

Class of worker............................................................... 7B 1A IB 6E 7A 7D 8C 9A

Place of work................................................................. 6D 9A9B

Means of transportation

to work....................................................................... 9A9B

Income of persons........................................................... 4B 6E IB 2B 3A 4A 4C 4D 5B 6B 6C 8A 8C

Income of families.......................................................... 4A 8A 1A IB 2B 2C 2D 3A 4B 5A 6A 6C 6E 7A 7B 7D 8C 9A 9B

Income of unrelated

individuals................................................................. 9A 1A 8A 9B

Income of households..................................................... (4)

7A 7B 8B 9A

8C

Earnings ........................................................................ 2B 4A 4C 4D 5C 6A 6C 6E 7D 7F

Low-income (poverty) status

of persons.................................................................. 9A IB 9B

of families.................................................................. 9A 1A IB 2D 4A 6B 7A 7D 8A 8C

of unrelated individuals............................................... 9A 1A IB 6B 8C 9B

Type of income................................................................ 8A 9A IB 6C 6E 8C 9B

Housing characteristics................................................... (5) IB 2B 3A 4A 6E 9A 9B

1The following Subject Reports contain either no data or extremely limited data on blacks at 

the national level: ID, IE, IF, 1G, 10A, 10B.

^All report numbers listed are prefixed by PC(2)-.

W ost reports contain data according to age, sex, and type of residence. Reports listed above 

for age indicate only those reports which provide considerable age detail.

Various reports from the Census of Housing: 1970, include numerous population characteristics for households, household heads, and other members of households. Population items 

include.- age, sex, presence of children, year moved in, residence in 1965, educational attainment, labor force participation, employment status, occupation, and income. See table B -3 .

5See table B-3 for the location of housing characteristic data contained in both Census of

Housing: 1970, and Census of Population: 1970, reports.

6 6

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Table B-3. Location of housing data at the national level for households headed by Black Americans in the Census of '

Housing: 1970, and Census of Population: 1970, Reports; and of population data for Black Americans in the Census of Housing:

1970, Reports._________________________________________________________________________________________

Housing 

subject area

Table numbers 

in HC(1)-1 

report

Table numbers 

in HC(2)-1 

report

Report numbers in 

Series HC(7) 

reports

Table numbers 

in PC(1)-1 

report

Report numbers 

in PC(2)-

Subject Reports series

Tenure......................................... 8 9 13 27 28 35 37 13-17 1 -8 95 IB 2B 4A 6E 9A 9B

Number of rooms........................... 9 14 36 11-16 1-8 __ IB 3A 6E

Number of persons........................ 9 14 36 11-15 17 18 1-8 — IB 2B 6E 9A

Persons per room......................... 9 14 36 11 12 14-17 1-7 _ IB 3A 9A 9B

Number of bedrooms.................... 28, 38 11-13 15 16 18 2 -4 7 _ _

Plumbing facilities.......................

Presence or number of

8 13 35 36 11 12 14-17 1 -7 95 3A 6E 9A 9B

bathrooms................................

Source of water supply 

and type of sewage

27 37 11 15 18 2 3 5 7 IB

disposal................................... 27 37 _ 4 6 7 — IB

Kitchen facilities.......................... 8 13 35 — 3 7 — 6E

Private access to unit...................

Number of units in

8 13 35 — 7 — —

structure.................................. 9 14 27 37 16-18 1 -5 7 8 — IB 3A 9A 96

Year structure built...................... 27 37 11-16 18 1-8 — IB 9A 9B

Elevator in structure......................

Availability of

28 38 12 27 — —

telephone.................................. 9 14 36 — 6 — 9A9B

Heating equipment....................... 27 37 11 14 16 3 -7 — 6E9A

Air conditioning................... ........ 27 37 11 12 16 2 -7 — 1B9B

Automobile availability..................

Ownership of second

27 37 13 16 2 5 -7 — 1B9B

home........................................ 28 38 13 27 — —

Fuels........................................... 28 38 — 47 — —

Selected appliances......................

Value of owner

28 38 13 2 -4 6 7 — 9A

occupied units.......................... 8 13 35 11 1 -5 7 95 IB 3A 6E 9A 9B

Value of unit/income....................

Rent for renter

— 14 15 17 18 2 -4 5 7 — 2B

occupied units..........................

Rent as a percent of

8 13 35 37 12 16 17 1-7 95 IB 3A 6E 9A 9B

income.....................................

Mobile homes...............................

Population characteristics1 

of households, household 

heads, and other household members in “HC” 

reports

Sex of head..................................

(See number of units i

12-15 17 18 

in structure.)

11 17 18

2-7

6

1 - 4 6 - 8

2A 9A 9B

Age of head.................................. — 11 17 18 1-8 See location of population data

Children...................................... — — 1 3 -6 8 for black-Americans in the Census

Marital status of head.................. _ — 4 5 of Population: 1970, tables for

Year moved into unit.................... 27 37 11-13 16 12 5-7 the population characteristics

Residence in 1965........................

Educational attainment.................

Labor force status........................

Occupation...................................

Industry........................................

Income and/or earnings.................

11 i i i i

11-14-16 17

5

3 56 

35 

3 -6 

5

1-8

presented in the PC 

series of reports.

(1) and PC(2)

1These population items are usually cross-tabulated with one or more housing characteristics. Components of Inventory Change, “United States Summary;” HC(5), Residential FiNOTE: National level data for black occupied housing are also available in HC(4)-1, nance; and HC(6), Plumbing Facilities and Estimates o f Dilapidated Housing.

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Table B-4. Location of population data on the national level for Persons of Spanish Ancestry in Census of Population: 1970,

Volume lf Part 1, Characteristics of the Population, “United States Summary” (Report No. PC(1)-1)

Subject area Table numbers1

Age2 ................................

Place of birth...................

Country of birth or origin..

Mother tongue.................

Nativity, citizenship,*

immigration*............

Residence in 1965...........

School enrollment............

Educational attainment....

Vocational training*........

Veteran status.................

Marital status.................

Marital history*..............

Household characteristics3

Group quarters.................

Family characteristics......

Subfamilies....................

Children..........................

Unrelated individuals.......

Fertility..........................

Work disability*..............

Labor force participation..

Employment status...........

Hours worked...................

Weeks worked in 1969......

Year last worked.............

Occupation......................

Industry..........................

Class of worker................

Place of work..................

85 190

87 191 213

86

86

86 190

87 196 230

88 197 217 267 268

88 89 156 157 198 199 201 209 213 220 231 249 254 263 268 

88 200 201

87

90 203 211-213 216 250 

203 210 211 213 

85 204 258

89 205

89 206-209 246 250-257 259-266 

206

85 89 90 93 95 206-209 214 216 220 250 260 261 263 265 266 

83 94 95 206 246 250 252 257 259 265 

89 212 213

89 220

90 201 209 213 215-217 219 220 248 250 253 261 262

90 201 215 219-221 248 253 261 262 

217

93 218 247 253 262 

219

91 93 201 213 220 223-228 230 231 234 255 262

92 234 236-238 240 241 256

93 225 238 

87

Means of transportation

to work..................

Income of persons........

Income of families.......

87

213 220 244-246 248 249 

94 250-252 254-257 266

Income of unrelated

individuals..................

Income of households3.......

Earnings............................

Low-income (poverty) status

of persons...................

of fam ilies..................

of unrelated individuals

Type of income...................

Housing characteristics4.....

94 250 252 257 

258

94 201 227 228 240 241 247 253

95 220 259 267 268 

95 259-261 263-266 

95 259 265

94 95 257 264

95

’Tables 1-46, 47-67, 68-188, and 189-371, are located in chapters A, B, C, and D, 

respectively. Chapters A and B contain no data for persons of Spanish ancestry. Data in volume I 

reports are generally for Spanish ancestry identified as persons of Spanish heritage; however, 

items from the 5 percent questionnaire marked with an asterisk (*) are tabulated using the 

Spanish origin or descent identifier.

*IV!ost tables, particularly those in chapter D, contain data according to age, sex, and type of 

residence, Tables listed above for “age” indicate only those tables providing considerable age

detail.

Various reports from the Census of Housing: 1970, include population characteristics 

for households, household heads, and other household members, cross-tabulated by one or more 

housing characteristic items. See table B-6.

4See table B-6 for the location of housing characteristic data in Census of Housing:

1970, and Census of Population: 1970, reports.

6 8

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Table B-5. Location of population data on the national level for persons of Spanish Ancestry in Census of Population: 1970,

Volume II, Subject Reports (Report Numbers PC(2)-1A through -10B)1

Report numbers2

bUDject area

Best sources Other reports with data

Agei.............................................................................. 1C ID4 IE 6A 6E 9A

Place of birth................................................................. ID IE 1C 2A 2D 3A 4C 5A 9A 9B

Country of birth or origin................................................ 1A 1C ID 2B 3A 4C 4D 5A 5B 9A

Mother tongue................................................................ 1A ID IE

Nativity, citizenship,

immigration................................................................ 1A 1C ID 2D 3A 4C 4D 5A

Residence in 1965.......................................................... 2D 1A ID IE 2B 5A 6A 6E 7A 7B 9B

School enrollment........................................................... 5A 1C ID IE 6A 6B 7A 8C 9A 9B

Educational Attainment................................................... 8B 1A 1C ID IE 3A 4A 5A 5B 5C 6A 6B 6E 7A 7B 7D 8C 9A 9B

Vocational training......................................................... 5C 1C9A

Veteran status................................................................ 6E

Marital status................................................................ 4A 1A 1C ID IE 5A 6B 6E 7A 7B 9A

Marital history................................................................ 4D 1C 4A 4C

Household characteristics............................................... (5)

4E

1A 1C ID IE 4A 5A 6B 6E 8C 9B

Group quarters................................................................ 1C 6E

Family characteristics..................................................... 4A9A 1A 1C ID IE 5A 6B 6C 6E 7D 8A 8C 9B

Subfamilies................................................................... 4A 9A

Children......................................................................... 4A 1C ID IE 5A 6B 6C 6E

Unrelated individuals...................................................... 9A 1A 1C ID IE 6B 9B

Fertility......................................................................... 3A 1A 1C ID IE 9A 9B

Work disability................................................................ 6C 9A

Labor force participation................................................ 6A6B 1A 1C ID IE 3A 5A 5C 6C 6E 8C 9A 9B

Employment status.......................................................... 6A 6B 1A 1C ID IE 4A 5A 5C 6C 6E 8C 9A 9B

Hours worked.................................................................. 7A 7B 1C ID IE 4A 6A 7D

Weeks worked................................................................. 6A9A 1C ID IE 6C 6E 7A 7B 7D 8B 8C 9B

Year last worked............................................................ 6B 6C

Occupation..................................................................... 7A 7C 7E 7F 8B 1A 1C ID IE 4A 5A 5C 6B 6C 6E 7D 8C 9A 9B

Industry......................................................................... 7B 7C 1C ID IE 5C 7D 7E

Class of worker............................................................... 7B 1A 1C ID IE 6E 7A 7D 8C

Place of work................................................................. 6D 9B

Means of transportation

to work....................................................................... 9B

Income of persons........................................................... 6E 1C ID IE 4A 8C

Income of families.......................................................... 4A 1A 1C ID IE 3A 5A 6C 7A 7B 7D 8A 8C 9A 9B

Income of unrelated

individuals................................................................. 9A 1A 1C ID IE 8C 9B

Income of households..................................................... (5)

7A 7B 8B 9A

8C

Earnings ........................................................................ 1C 5C 6C 6E 7D 7F

Low-income (poverty) status

of persons.................................................................. 9A 1C ID IE 9B

of families.................................................................. 9A 1A 1C ID IE 4A 6B 7A 7D 8C 9B

of unrelated individuals............................................... 9A 1A 1C ID IE 6B 8C 9B

Type of income................................................................ 9A 1C ID IE 6C 6E 7B 8C 9B

Housing characteristics................................................... (6) 1C ID IE 4A 6E 9A 9B

1The following Subject Reports contain either no data or extremely limited data on persons 

of Spanish ancestry at the National level: IB, IF, 1G, 2C, 2E, 4B, 10A, 10B. Most Subject

Reports present Spanish ancestry data using the Spanish origin or descent identifier; however, 

all the other Spanish identifiers are used occasionally among reports of this series.

2AII report numbers listed are prefixed by PC(2)-.

3Most reports contain data according to age, sex, and type of residence. Reports listed above 

for age indicate only those reports which provide considerable age detail.

Report PC(2)-1D, “Persons of Spanish Surname,” contain data only for 5 southwestern 

States— Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas. The surname identifier is not 

used in any 1970 Census tabulations for other States.

Various reports from the Census of Housing: 1970 include population characteristics for 

households, household heads, and other household members. See table B-6.

6See Table B-6 for the location of housing characteristic data in both Census of Housing:

1970, and Census of Population: 1970 reports.

69

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Table B-6. Location of housing data at the national level for households headed by persons of Spanish ancestry in the Census

of Housing: 1970, and Census of Population: 1970, Reports; and of Population Data for persons of Spanish ancestry in the

Census of Housing: 1970, Reports.

Housing 

Subject area

Report numbers in 

Series HC(7) Housing 

Subject Reports1

Table numbers in 

PC(1)-1, “United 

States Summary”

Report numbers in 

PC(2)-Subject

Reports Series

Tenure.................................................................................. 1-7 95 1C ID IE 4A 6E 9A 9B

Number of rooms.................................................................. 1-7 _ 1C ID IE 6E

Number of persons............................................................... 1-7 — 1C ID IE 6E 9A

Persons per room.................................................................. 1-7 — 1C ID IE 9A 9B

Number of bedrooms............................................................. — — _

Plumbing facilities..........................................................

Presence or number of

1-7 95 1C ID IE 6E 9A 9B

bathrooms........................................................................

Source of water supply and

2 3 5 7 — 1C ID IE

type of sewage disposal.................................................... 4 6 7 — —

Kitchen facilities.................................................................. 37 — 6E

Private access to unit........................................................... 7 — —

Number of units in structure................................................. 1-5 7 — 1C ID IE 9A

Year structure built............................................................... 1-7 — 1C ID IE 9A 9B

Elevator in structure............................................................. — — —

Availability of telephone....................................................... 6 — 9A9B

Heating equipment................................................................ 3-6 — 6E9A

Air conditioning................................................................... 2-6 — 1C ID IE 9B

Availability of automobile...................................................... 2 5 6 — ID IE 9B

Ownership of second home.................................................... — — —

Fuels.................................................................................. — — —

Selected appliances............................................................. — — 1C ID IE 9A

Value of owner-occupied units............................................... 1-5 7 95 1C ID IE 6E 9A 9B

Value of unit/income............................................................. 2-7 — —

Rent.................................................................................... 1-7 95 1C ID IE 6E 9A 9B

Rent as a percent of income................................................. 2-5 7 — 9A9B

Mobile homes................................................ ......................

Population Characteristics2 

of households, household heads, 

and other household members in 

the HC(7) series of reports

Sex of head...........................................................................

Age of head.........................................................................

Children...............................................................................

Marital status of head..........................................................

Year moved into unit............................................................

Residence in 1965 ................................................................

Educational attainment.........................................................

Labor force status................................................................

Occupation...........................................................................

Industry...............................................................................

Income and/or earnings.........................................................

6 (see also: number of units in structure.)

1-4 6 7 

1-7 

1 3-6 

4 5

12 5-7 

5

3-6 

35 

3 56 

5

1-7

1Data on the national level are not provided for persons of Spanish ancestry in Census of ^hese population items are usually cross-tabulated with one or more housing characteristics.

Housing: 1970, reports other than series HC(7).

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Table B-7. Location of population and housing data on the national level for races other than White or Negro in Census of

Population: 1970, and Census of Housing: 1970, Reports (Series PC(1)-1, PC(2), HC(7».

Subject area Table numbers in PC(1)-1 

“United States Summary”

Report numbers in Series 

PC(2)- Subject Reports

Table numbers in 

Census of Housing: 1970, 1 

Subject Report HC(7)-9

Age2 ..................................................................... 190 IF 1G —

Place of birth....................................................... IF 1G —

Country of birth or origin....................................... — — —

Mother tongue...................................................... — IF —

Nativity, citizenship,

immigration......................................................

_

Residence in 1965 ................................................ — IF 1G —

School enrollment................................................. _ IF 1G 5A —

Educational attainment......................................... _ IF 1G 5A 5B —

Vocational training................................................ — — —

Veteran status ...................................................... — — —

Marital status...................................................... — IF 1G 3A 4C 4D _

Marital history...................................................... 211 4C 4D —

Household characteristics..................................... — IF 1G 6

Group quarters...................................................... — 4E —

Family characteristics........................................... — IF 1G 4A 9A —

Subfamilies........................................................... _ 4A —

Children................................................................ _ IF 1G 4A —

Unrelated individuals............................................ — IF 1G 9A —

Fertility................................................................. 213 IF 1G 3A —

Work disability...................................................... — — —

Labor force participation........................................ — IF 1G —

Employment status................................................ — IF 1G —

Hours worked......................................................... — IF 1G —

Weeks worked....................................................... _ IF 1G —

Year last worked.................................................... __ — —

Occupation........................................................... — IF 1G 7A —

Industry................................................................ — IF 1G 7B —

Class of worker..................................................... — IF 1G 7B —

Place of work......................................................... — — —

Means of transportation

to work.............................................................

Income of persons................................................. — IF 1G —

Income of families................................................ — IF 1G 9A —

Income of unrelated

individuals......................................................... IF 1G 9A

Income of households............................................ — — 6

Earnings ............................................................... — — —

Low-income (poverty) status 

of persons......................................................... IF 1G 9A 9B

of families........................................................ — IF 1G 9A —

of unrelated individuals..................................... — IF 1G 9A —

Type of income...................................................... — IF 1G —

Housing characteristics......................................... — IF 1G 1l- 6

1The Census of Housing: 1970, Subject Report, HC(7)-9, “Housing of Selected Racial 

Groups*, is the only Census of Housing: 1970, publication with data on non-Negro minority 

races. The following characteristic items for American Indians, Japanese, Chinese, Filipinos, 

and Koreans are presented: tenure, number of rooms, number of persons, persons per room, 

number of bedrooms, plumbing facilities, presence and number of bathrooms, source of water

supply, type of sewage disposal, kitchen facilities, private access to unit, number of units in 

structure, year structure built, elevator in structure, heating equipment, air conditioning, 

availability of automobile, fuels, selected appliances, value, rent, and the relationship of value 

and rent to income, 

lim ite d age detail.

71

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Table B-8. Location of data at the national level for ethnic groups other than persons of Spanish ancestry, In Census of

Population: 1970, Reports

Subject area

Table numbers 

in PC(1H

“United States Summary"

Report numbers in Series 

PC(2>- Subject Reports

Age1 .................................................................................... __ 1A

Place of birth....................................................................... — —

Country of birth or.origin...................................................... 86 192 1A 3A 4A 4C 4D 5A 5B 9A

Mother tongue..................................................................... 86 193 1A

Nativity, citizenship,

immigration...................................................................... 195 1A5A

Residence in 1965................................................................ — 1A

School enrollment................................................................. — 5A

Educational attainment......................................................... — 1A 4A 5B

Vocational training............................................................... — —

Veteran status...................................................................... — —

Marital status...................................................................... — 1A 4C 4D

Marital history...................................................................... — 40

Household characteristics..................................................... — 1A

Group quarters...................................................................... — 1A

Family characteristics........................................................... — 1A4A9A

Subfamilies.......................................................................... — —

Children................................................................................ — 4A

Unrelated individuals.............................. .............................. — 1A

Fertility................................................................................ — 1A3A

Work disability...................................................................... — —

Labor force participation...................................................... — 1A

Employment status................................................................ — 1A

Hours worked........................................................................ — —

Weeks worked....................................................................... __ __

Year last worked.................................................................. __ _

Occupation........................................................................... — 1A

Industry................................................................................ — —

Class of worker..................................................................... __ 1A

Place of work....................................................................... — —

Means of transportation

to work.............................................................................

Income of persons................................................................. — —

Income of families................................................................ — 1A4A9A

Income of unrelated

individuals....................................................................... 1A

Income of households........................................................... — —

Earnings.............................................................................. — —

Low-income (proverty) status

of persons........................................................................ 9A

of families........................................................................ — 1A9A

of unrelated individuals..................................................... __ 1A

Typ e o f in c om e...................................................................... — —

Housing characteristics2....................................................... — —

1The indicated Subject Report provides the most age detail for these ethnic groups. housing data were published for ethnic groups other than persons of Spanish ancestry.

72

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Appendix C. State, Area, Place, and Other Sub-National Level Data

in the 1970 Census

Data for blacks and for persons of Spanish ancestry identified by the Spanish heritage term are available for geographic regions and divisions, States, 

counties, areas, places, and census tracts among the 

PC(1), HC(1), HC(2), and PHC(l) series of reports. 

For smaller places (less than 50,000 inhabitants) 

counties, and census tracts, characteristic information is presented only if the minority group’s population is 400 or more. In the HC(2) series, the publication requirement is a 25,000 or more minority population. Occasional Subject Reports (series PC(2) and 

HC(7)) also contain some State, area, and place data 

for these two groups. Among these is “ Negro Population’’ (PC(2)-1B), which has information on blacks 

in 20 States, 34 SMSA’s, and 48 cities.

In addition, area and place data are available for 

blacks in the HC(4), HC(6), and PHC(2) report

series. Data for blacks and for persons of Spanish 

ancestry in low-income areas of large cities can be 

found in the PHC(3) Census Employment Survey 

publications and in the PC(2)-3A and -9B Subject

Reports; and block level statistics for blacks in urbanized areas are contained in the HC(3) series of 

reports.

As mentioned elsewhere in this directory, subNational data for minority races other than black, 

Spanish ancestry identified by other than the heritage term, and other ethnic groups, are available in 

Subject Reports PC(2)-1F and -1G; PC(2)-1C, -ID, 

and -IE; and PC(2)-1A, respectively. The following 

table lists the States, areas, and places for which 

characteristic data are presented for these minority 

groups in the six above-mentioned Subject Reports.

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Table C-1. Availability of State, area, and place data for minorities in Census of Population: Volume II, Subject Reports

PC(2)-1A through PC(2)-1G (excluding Negro and Spanish heritage)

State Minority groups1 State Minority groups*

Ariz. I M NS N.M. IMNS

Calif. CFHIKM N.Y. CFIJPRSU

NSPRU N.C. I

Colo. M N S N. Dak. I

Conn. R Ohio RS

Fla. PRSU Okla. I

Hawaii CFHJ Ore. I

III. CFIJMSPR Pa. PRS

Ind. S S. Dak. I

Mass. R Tex. IMNS

Mich. IM S Utah I

Minn. I Wash. FI J

Mon.

N.J.

I

PRSU

Wis. I

Standard metropolitan statistical area

Alburquerque, N.M.................................

Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove, C alif..

Austin, Tex...........................................

Bakersfield, C a lif..................................

Baltimore, Md........................................

Boston, M ass........................................

Bridgeport, Conn...................................

Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, Tex.....

Buffalo, N.Y...........................................

Chicago, III............................................

Cleveland, Ohio............. ........................

Corpus Christi, Tex................................

Dallas, Tex...........................................

Denver, Colo..........................................

Detroit, Mich.........................................

El Paso, Texas......................................

Fayetteville, N.C.....................................

Fort Smith, Arkansas-Tex.......................

Fort Worth, Tex......................................

Fresno, Calif..........................................

Honolulu, Hawaii...................................

Houston, Tex.........................................

Jersey City, N.J......................................

Laredo, Tex............................................

Lawton, Okla.........................................

Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif................

McAllen-Pharr-Edinburg, Tex...................

Miami, Fla.............................................

Milwaukee, Wis......................................

Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn....................

Hew York, N.Y........................................

Newark, N.J...........................................

Norfolk-Portsmouth, Va...........................

Oklahoma City, Okla...............................

Oxnard-Ventura, Calif.............................

Paterson-Clifton-Passaic, N.J..................

Philadelphia, Pa.-N.J.............................

Phoenix, Ariz..........................................

Pittsburgh, Pa.......................................

Portland, Oreg.-Wash.............................

Providence-Pawtucket-Warwick, R.I.-Mass.

Pueblo, Colo..........................................

Sacramento, Calif..................................

Salinas-Monterey, Calif..........................

San Antonio, Tex....................................

San Bernardino-Riverside-Ontario, Calif...

San Diego, Calif....................................

San Francisco-Oakland, Calif..................

San Jose, Calif......................................

Santa Barbara, Calif..............................

Seattle-Everett, Wash.............................

Stockton, Calif.......................................

Tacoma, Wash.......................................

Tucson, Ariz...........................................

Tulsa, Okla............................................

Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va.......................

IN S

E l JLMNS 

N 

N 

I

CELR

R

MNS

EIL

CEFIJLMSPR 

EL

MNS

IMNS

IJMNS

EILMS

MNS

I

I

N

JMNS

CFHJK

IMNS

ELPRSU

MNS

I

CEFI JKLMNRSU

MNS

ELRSU

EIL

EIL

CEFIJKLPRSU 

ELPRS 

F 

I

MNS

ELR

El L PRS 

IMNS

EL 

I

EL

N

Cl JMNS

FN

MNS

IMNS

CEIJLN

CEFI JLMNRS

CEFI JLMNS

N

CEFIJL

FN

I

IMNS

I

CEFI L

Minority groups

1See: "Key to Groups” on page 75 for explanation of symbols.

74

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Table C-1. Availability of State, area, and place data for minorities in Census of Population: Volume II, Subject Reports

PC(2)-1A Through PC(2)-1G (excluding Negro and Spanish heritage)-Continued

Albuquerque, New Mex. .....

Anaheim, Calif..................

Austin, Tex........................

Boston, Mass....................

Bridgeport, Conn...............

Brownsville, Tex.................

Camden, N J ......................

Chicago, III.......................

Cleveland, Ohio.................

Corpus Christi, Tex............

Dallas, Tex........................

Denver, Colo......................

Detroit, Mich....................

East Los Angeles, Calif. (U)

El Monte, Calif..................

El Paso, Tex.......................

Fort Worth, Tex..................

Fremont, Calif...................

Fresno, Cal if.......................

Hartford, Conn..................

Hayward, Calif..................

Hialeah, Fla......................

Honolulu, Hawaii..............

Houston, Tex......................

Jersey City, N J..................

Laredo, Tex.......................

Long Beach, Calif..............

Lorain, Ohio......................

Los Angeles, Calif..............

Lubbock, Tex.....................

McAllen, Tex......................

Miami, Fla........................

New York, N.Y...................

Newark, N J .......................

Norwalk, Calif...................

Oakland, Calif...................

Oxnard, Calif.....................

Passaic, N.J......................

Paterson, N J .....................

Philadelphia, Pa................

Phoenix, Ariz.....................

Pico Rivera, Calif...............

Pueblo, Colo......................

Riverside, Calif..................

Rochester, N.Y...................

Sacramento, Calif..............

Salinas, Calif....................

San Antonio, Tex................

San Bernardino, Calif........

San Diego, Calif................

San Francisco, Calif..........

San Jose, Calif..................

Santa Ana, Calif................

Santa Barbara, Calif.........

Santa Clara, Calif.............

Seattle, Wash....................

Tampa, Fla .......................

Tucson, Ariz......................

Place

n -----------

N

M N S

CR

R

M N S

R

CFJMPRS

R

MNS

MNS

MNS

S

MNS

N

MNS

MNS

N

N

R

N

SU

CFJ

MNS

RS

MNS

N

R

CFJMNRS

N

S

RSU

CFJPRSU

PRS

N

CN

N

R

R

PRS

MNS

MNS

NS

N

R

CJN

N

MNS

N

FMNS

CFJMNS

JMNS

MNS

N

N

CFJ

S

MNS

Minority groups

Key to Groups

Symbol Minority Group Report Containing Symbol Minority Group Report Containing

Data on this Group Data on this Group

C Chinese PC(2)-1G M Mexican Origin or Descent PC(2)-1C

E Ethnic Groups other than persons of N Spanish Surname PC(2)-1D

Spanish ancestry PC(2)-1A P Puerto Rican Origin or Descent PC(2)-1C

F Filipino PC(2)-1G R Puerto Rican birth or parentage PC(2)-1E

H Hawaiian PC(2)-1G S Spanish Origin or Decent PC(2)-1C

I American Indian PC (2)-lF U Cuban Origin or Descent PC(2)-1C

J Japenese PC(2)-1G

K Korean PC(2)-1G

L Persons of birth or parentage

in Mexico, Cuba, or other Latin PC(2)-1A

America

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Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Appendix D. Previously Issued Sources of Data for Black Americans1

from the Current Population Survey

In many of the individual source listings for d&ta 

on blacks from the Current Population Survey, 

references are made to one or more previous reports 

containing earlier data on the same subject areas. 

Although statistics by race have been part of CPS 

tabulations since 1954, in most cases the data in 

earlier reports are more limited in detail, and are 

more likely to be tabulated for “ Negro and other 

ra c e s,” or “ nonw hite,” than for blacks. The 

following tables list BLS Special Labor Force

*A11 sources of data for persons of Spanish ancestry and for

other ethnic groups from the CPS are listed in the individual

source listings of this directory. Detail on ethnicity was not

included in the CPS prior to November 1969, and was not

included on a monthly basis prior to March 1973.

Reports and the Bureau of the Census reports in the 

P-20, P-23, and P-60 series of Current Population

Reports issued since January 1, 1965, with coverage 

similar to many of those listed in the individual 

source listings for black Americans.2

Historical data from CPS tabulations on the labor 

force, employment, and related items which are 

published monthly in Employment and Earnings are 

available in back issues of E m ploym ent and

Earnings, the annual M anpower Report o f the

President, and the Handbook o f Labor Statistics.

2Reports of an advance or preliminary nature are not listed

except those which contain data more recent than is found in the

latest final report on the subject. The data in such advance

releases are incorporated in subsequent final reports.

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Table D-1. Subject index to BLS Special Labor Force Reports issued since January 1965

Subject area

Primary sources

Report numbers

Other sources1 2

Labor Force participation3............................... 163 152 142 129 116 165 164 162 161 159 158 155 154 153 149 148

69 52 147 145 144 141 140 137 135 134 133 131 130

128 127 126 125 124 121 120 119 117 115 114

111 109 107 105 103 101 100 99 98 97 96

94 92 91 87 83 80 76 74 73 68 66

65 64 62 56 55 54 53 50

Reason for nonparticipation 163 152 142 129 116 —

in the labor force........................................... 110 97 75

Employment status3......................................... 163 157 152 146 142 165 164 162 161 158 155 154 153 149 148 147

129 116 69 52 145 144 141 140 138 137 135 134 131 130 127

126 125 124 121 120 117 115 114 111 109 108

107 106 105 103 101 100 99 98 96 94 92

91 87 85 84 83 80 78 75 68 66 65

64 60 58 56 55 54 53 50 48

Reason for unemployment............................... 163 157 152 142 129 158 155 147 145 135 131 124 121 111 108 100

116 106 78 98 60

Reason for leaving last job.............................. 163 152 142 129 —

Number of spells of unem- 162 141 127 115 107 —

ployment in prior years.................................... 91 76 62 48

Duration of unemployment............................... 162 141 127 115 107 163 161 158 152 148 147 142 140 135 129 128

91 76 62 58 48 125 124 116 111 104 103 98 92 83 69 65

56 53

Jobsearch methods.......................................... 163 150 _____

Hours worked and/or 162 141 136 127 115 166 165 164 163 155 153 152 145 144 142 139

full-time, part-time 107 91 76 48 134 131 130 129 128 123 121 116 113 109 108

work schedules............................................... 104 101 100 97 81 75 69 64 62 56 52

Overtime hours and pre- 136 113 81 72 —

mium pay for overtime....................................

Weeks worked................................................. 162 141 127 115 107 165 164 153 144 134 130 128 97 50

91 76 62 48

Reason for less than year- 162 141 127 115 107 165

round work..................................................... 91 76 64 62

Occupation3................................ ................... 163 152 142 138 129 164 162 161 158 155 153 148 147 145 144 143

116 107 102 52 48 141 140 135 131 130 128 127 125 124 121 120

117 115 114 111 109 108 103 101 100 98 94

92 91 87 85 84 83 80 76 75 69 68

66 65 64 62 56 55 54 53

Occupational mobility..................................... 84 —

Multiple jobholders......................................... 166

Cl

139 123 90 63 —

Job tenure......................................................

D1

112 77 __

Industry.......................................................... 162 141 127 115 62 161 158 155 148 147 143 140 135 128 125 124

48 111 107 104 103 98 87 68 56 55

Income and/or earnings................................... 143 132 82 165 164 155 154 153 145 144 134 131 130 128

121 120 117 99 97 94 83 80 66 64 54

53 50

Poverty areas................................................... 109 104 101 75 107

Veterans......................................................... 167 149 137 126 —

Summer jobs................................................... 128 _____

Labor force projections.................................... 122 119 74 73 —

Type of residence and/or4 138 114 96 74 164 153 149 144 130 120 94 83 82 80 65

regions and smaller areas............................... 64 50 48

Marital status................................................ 164 153 144 130 120 163 162 152 142 141 129 127 117 116 115 107

94 80 64 50 91 76 62 52

Type of family or household 165 164 153 146 144 154 134 127 115 107 101 97

(including family or house­ 130 120 99 94 80

hold status).................................................... 64 50

Presence of children, 165 154 134 164 162 153 144 130 120 94 80 64 50

Characteristics of children

School enrollment........................................... 159 158 147 135 128 155 145 131 127 121 115 108 107 100 99

124

CC

111 98 87 68 85 66 54

Educational attainment...................................

DO

161 151 148 140 125 157 155 145 133 131 122 121 117 112 108

103 65 53 106 100 97 66 54

High School dropouts....................................... 155 145 131 121 108 see:school enrollment and educational attainmenl

100 85 66 54 listings above

Year last attended school............................... 155 145 131 121 108 _____

100 85 66 54

1Reports which either focus on the indicated subject or have substantial data on the subject. If 

no other sources are listed, these reports represent exclusive sources, which may have only 

limited data on the subject.

2Amount of detail among these sources varies. Some reports may contain only very limited data 

on the subject.

3Most of the Special Labor Force Reports contain data on labor force participation,

employment status, and occupation cross-classified with other characteristics. Only reports with 

annual average data and selected reports with emphasis on these items are listed as primary 

sources.

"Type of residence refers to urban-rural, farm-nonfarm, metropolitan-nonmetropolitan. Regions and smaller areas refers to regions, States, and individual areas or places. Few of these 

listings contain other than limited regional level data.

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Table P-2. Title Index to BLS Special Labor Force Reports with CPS data on the Black Population

Report

number

Date of text 

publication 

in MLR

MLR

reprint

^number

Title

Page Number 

of

Directory

Report Numbers of previous Special Labor

Force Reports of similar title 

Subject area coverage issued since 1965

166 5/74 2972 “Multiple Jobholding in 1972 

and 1973”

20 139 123 901 631 511

165 5/74 2971 “Children of Working Mothers, 

March 1973”

20 154 134 931

164 4/74 2959 “Marital and Family Characteristics 

of the Labor Force in March 1973”

20 153 144 130 120 94 80 64 50

163 2/74 2943 “Changes in the Employment Situation 

in 1973”

21 152 142 129 116 69 52

162 2/74 2942 “Work Experience of the Population 

in 1972”

21 141 127 115 107 91 76 62 48

161 1/74 2941 “Educational Attainment of Workers, 

March 1973”

21 148 140 125 103 92 83 65 53

159* 10/73 2916 “Going Back to School at 35” 21 —

158 9/73 2911 “Employment of School Age Youth, 

October 1972”

21 147 135 124 111 97 87 68 55

157 8/73 2906 “Job Losers, Leavers, and Entrants: 

Traits and Trends”

22 106

155 6/73 2898 “Employment of High School Graduates 

and Dropouts, October 1972”

22 145 131 121 108 100 85 66 54 

(see also 9/74 MLR)

151 2/73 2860 “Employment of Recent College 

Graduates”

22 —

150 2/73 2859 “Job Seeking Methods Used by 

Unemployed Workers”

“The Employment Situation of Vietnam 

Era Veterans”

22 —

149 12/72 2847 22 137 126 (See also, 8/74 MLR.)

146 2/72 2820 “An Analysis of Unemployment by 

Household Relationship”

22 —

143 3/72 2795 “Usual Weekly Earnings of American 

Workers”

23 —

138 10/71 2765 “Occupational Characteristics of 

Urban Workers, 1970”

23 (See BLS Report No. 431, described on p. 23.)

136 8/71 2754 “Recent Trends in Overtime Hours 

and Premium Pay”

23 113 81 72 571

128 2/71 2710 “Students and Summer Job: 

October 1969”

23

’ Indicates data on blacks are very limited.

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Table P-3. Title Index to Current Population Reports with Data on the Black Population

Series and 

Report No.

Title Page No. 

of directory

Report Nos. of previous reports of 

similar title and/or subject area, 

issued since 1965

Series P-20

No. 268 “Nursery School and Kindergarten Enrollment: 

October 1973”

25 Data formerly published by Office of Education, 

see p. 33. See also P-20, No. 260, below.

No. 265. “Fertility Expectations of American Women.- 

June 1973”

25 263 248 226 211 205 203 186 184 147

No. 262 “Mobility of the Population of the United 

States: March 1970 to March 1973”

25 235 210 193 188 171 156 154 150 141 134

No. 260 “Social and Economic Characteristics of 

Students: October 1972”

25 241 222 206 190 167 162 148 (see also 261) 

(see also 257, below)

No. 258 “Household and Family Characteristics: 

March 1973”

25 246 233 218 200 191 173 164 153 139 

(see also 266)

No. 257 “Undergraduate Enrollment in 2-Year and 

4-Year Colleges: October 1972”

26 252 245 236 231 185 183 (see also 260, above)

No. 255 “Marital Status and Living Arrangements: 

March 1973”

26 242 225 212 198 187 170 159 144 135

No. 253 “Voting and Registration in the Election 

of November 1972”

26 230 228 192 174 172 143

No. 243 “Educational Attainment: March 1972” 26 229 227 220 219 217 214 209 207 201 

194 182 180 169 158 138

No. 239 “Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage by 

Year of Birth: June 1971”

26 223 (see also No. 255, above)

Series P-23

No. 50 

No. 49

“Female Family Heads”

“Population of the United States, Trends

27 —

and Prospects: 1950-1990” 27 —

No. 48 ‘The Social and Economic Status of the 

Black Population of the United States, 1973”

27 48 42 38 29 26 24 

(See also, P-20, Nos. 175, 168, 155, 142 and 

BLS Bulletin No. 1511)

No. 44 “Characteristics of American Youth: 1972” 28 40 34 30

No. 41 “Preliminary National Census Survival Rates, 

by Race and Sex, for 1960 to 1970”

28 15

No. 39 “Differences Between Incomes of White and 

Negro Families by Work Experience of Wife 

and Region: 1970, 1969, and 1959”

28 35

No. 37 “Social and Economic Characteristics of the 

Population in Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan 

Areas.-1970 and 1960”

28 33 27

No. 36 “Fertility Indicators.-1970” 28 (See P-20, No. 265, above)

Series P-60

No. 96 “Household Money Income in 1973 and Selected 

Social and Economic Characteristics of Households”

29 89 84 79 72 65 62

No. 95 “Supplementary Report on the Low-Income 

Population: 1966 to 1972”

29 (See 91, below)

No. 94 “Characteristics of the Low-Income 

Population: 1973” (advance report)”

30 (See 91, below)

No. 93 “Money Income in 1973 of Families and 

Persons in the United States” (advance report)

30 (See 90, below)

No. 91 “Characteristics of the Low-Income Population: 

1972”

30 86 81 76 68 67 61 54 45

No. 90 “Money Income in 1972 of Families and Persons 

in the United States”

30 85 80 75 66 64 60 59 53 51 48 47 46

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Appendix E. Subject and Report Series Indexes

Index to Subject Areas

Page

Black Americans, reports devoted

primarily to blacks....................................... 9, 24, 27

Block-level data.,............................................ 16

Census tract data.............................................. 17, 18, 44, 60

Children, presence of children, number

of children, characteristics of children.... 8-12, 14, 15, 17,

20, 26-30, 37-39,

41-45, 47, 49, 53,

54, 59, 60

Class of worker................................................ 8, 9, 13, 14, 26,

37, 38, 41, 59

College enrollment, characteristics of

college students, characteristics of

colleges attended (See also, School

enrollment).................................................... 12,22,25,26,33,

40, 48, 50, 57

Consumer durable goods (ownership of)

and consumer finance (See also,

Housing characteristics).............................. 17, 27, 31, 45

Country (or area) of birth or origin

outside the United States........................... 8, 9, 37, 38, 47,

48, 58-61

County-level data............................................ 8, 12, 15-17, 23,

29, 32, 37, 38, 43,

53, 58

Crime victimization.......................................... 24, 32

Disability, work disability,

characteristics of and to the disabled....... 8, 9, 12, 14, 33,

37, 38,41,42, 50

Duration (number of weeks) of unemployment, spells (number of times) of

unemployment.............................................. 17,19,21,23, 34,

45

Earnings of persons and / or families........... 8-14, 17, 23, 24,

27,30,31,34, 37,

40-42, 45, 49, 56

Educational attainment (years of school

completed).................................................... 8-15, 17, 21-28,

30, 32-34, 37, 45,

47, 50, 53, 54,

59-61

Employment status, characteristics of the

employed and the unemployed................. 8-15, 17, 19-30,

32, 34, 37-47, 49,

50, 53, 54, 59-61

Ethnic groups other than Spanish

ancestry, reports devoted primarily

to these groups.............................................. 9, 38, 59, 61

Family relationship, family status,

characteristics of families...........

Farm: farm workers, farm income,

characteristics of farms....................

Fertility, childspacing, “ illegitimate”

births ..................................................

Government workers, characteristics of

persons in group quarters (See also

Industry and Class of worker)...................

Group quarters, characteristics of

persons in group quarters...........................

Household relationship, household

status, characteristics of households (See

also Housing characteristics)....................

Housing characteristics

Income of persons and/or families

Industry

Job satisfaction................

Job search methods.........

Labor force participation

Language or mother tongue..................

Low-income, incidence of low-income

status, characteristics of persons

or families with low-income

(See also, Low-income areas).........

Low-income areas

Page

8-14, 17, 20,

24-30, 33, 37-39,

41-43, 45, 47-51,

53-55, 59-61

14,29,31,32,42,

56

8-12, 14, 15,

27-29, 37-39, 43,

47, 53, 54, 59

13, 15,31,41,49,

50, 56

11,40, 54

8- 17, 23, 25, 2

37, 38,41,43-45,

47, 53-55, 59, 61

9- 11, 13-17, 24

27,31,32,38, 39,

41-45, 53-55

8-15, 17, 20,

22-30, 32, 37-45,

47,48, 50, 53,54,

59-61

8, 9, 12, 13, 15,

17, 21-24, 27, 29,

32-34, 37, 38,

41-45, 47, 50,

53-56

34

17, 19, 21, 22, 45

8-15, 17, 19-29,

32, 34, 37-47, 53,

54, 59-61

8, 9, 37, 38, 54,

58, 59, 61

8, 9, 12-15, 17,

24, 27-32, 37, 38,

41-45, 47, 49, 50,

53-55, 59, 60

11,14,17, 18,27,

39,43,45,46, 55,

56, 60

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Page Page

Marital history (age of first marriage,

number of times married, when

married, separated or divorced).....

Marital status

Mobility (recent mobility, 1965 or later:

See also, Place of birth and Country

of birth or origin)...................................

Multiple jobholding.........................

Nativity status, citizenship status,

immigration...................................

Occupation........................................

Number of earners in family or

household..................................

Place (cities and unincorporated

places) level data.....................

Place of birth (place within United

States, See also Nativity status) .....

Place of work............................................

Public assistance, social security, and

welfare recipiency—(See also, Type

of income)..............................................

Races other than black or white,

reports devoted exclusively to these

other races............................................

Reason for unemployment; job losers,

leavers, new labor force entrants,

reentrants...............................................

Relative progress in school, age-grade

relationship............................................

9, 11, 25, 26, 37,

39-41, 47, 53, 54,

59

8-14, 17, 20-22,

25-28, 30, 34,

37-42, 44, 47, 48,

53, 54, 59, 60

8-14, 17, 18, 24,

25, 30, 34, 37-41,

43-45, 53, 54, 59

20

9-11, 37, 38, 50,

53, 54, 58, 61

8- 15, 17, 19-30,

32, 34, 37-47, 49,

50, 53, 54, 56,

59-61

9, 14, 17, 26, 27,

30,38,42,45,49,

54

8, 9, 12-18, 24,

32, 37-39, 43, 44,

53, 58

9 - 12, 14, 18,

37-39, 42, 43

8, 9, 12 -14, 17,

37, 41, 43, 45

33, 50, 51

53

19, 21, 22, 24

12, 14, 25, 42, 48

School enrollment, characteristics of

students, characteristics of

schools attended................................

Spanish ancestry, reports devoted

exclusively to persons of Spanish

ancestry............................................

Standard Metropolitan Statistical

Area (SMSA) level data................

State-level data

Subfamilies, presence of subfamilies

in household, characteristics

of subfamilies.....................................

Transportation to work (usual means

of transportation)..............................

Type of income, source of income

(See also Farm, Public assistance,

Earnings)............................................

Union membership............................

Veteran status or characteristics

of veterans......................................

Vocational training or participation

in manpower programs................

Voting participation and voter

registration...................................

When last worked (year)...............

Work experience, weeks worked,

number of hours usually

worked..........................................

8-15, 17, 21, 25,

26,28,33,37, 38,

40-44, 47, 48, 50,

51,53,54, 57,59

10, 38, 44, 47, 48

8-10, 12, 13,

15-18, 23, 24, 32,

37-39, 43, 44, 53,

58, 59

8-12, 14-18, 23,

24, 29, 34, 37-39,

45, 53, 58

9, 11, 37, 39, 54

8, 9, 14, 17, 37,

43,45

8, 9, 12, 14, 15,

17,27,29,30,37,

38, 42, 43, 54

23, 27

8, 12-14, 16, 22,

37, 41, 44

8, 9, 11, 12, 14,

17,24,34,37,38,

40, 42, 45

24, 26, 27, 48, 60

12, 41

8, 9, 11-14, 20,

21,27, 28, 30,31,

34, 37-42, 49, 53,

54

Index to Report Series

(and to individual reports

which are not part of a

designated series)

Page

Agricultural Economic R eports.................... 31

Black Americans: A Chartbook............. . 7, 24

Black Americans: A Decade o f

Occupational Change................................. 24

Page

Block Statistics (Volume III, Census

o f Housing: 1970, reports)......................... 3, 15

Census Employment Survey reports

(See: Employment Profiles of

selected Low-Income Areas)....................

Census o f Agriculture: 1969........................... 32, 56

Census o f Housing: 1970, reports................ 3, 7, 15, 16, 43,

44, 52,55,64,67,

70, 71, 73

Census o f Population: 1970, reports............ 2, 7, 8-15, 17, 18,

36-46, 52-55,

58-60, 64-75

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Page Page

Census of Population and Housing: 1970

(See: Census o f Population: 1970,

reports....................................................

Census of Housing: 1970,

reports............................................

Census o f Population and

Housing: 1970, reports).............

Census o f Population and Housing:

1970, reports (joint populationhousing reports)........................................... 4, 17, 37, 44, 55,

60, 64, 73

Census Tracts (Series PHC-(l),

Census o f Population and

Housing: 1970, joint

population-housing reports)............... 4, 7, 17, 37, 44,

60, 73

Characteristics o f the Population

(Volume I or Census o f Population:

1970, reports)................................................ 2, 7-9, 37, 52, 58,

65, 67, 68, 70-73

Components of Inventory Change

(Volume IV Census o f Housing:

1970, reports)................................................ 3, 16, 64, 73

Consumer Buying Indicators

(Series P-65, Current Population

Reports).......................................................... 4, 30

Consumer Income

(Series P-60, Current

Population Reports) .................................... 4 ,5 ,7 ,2 9 ,3 0 ,3 6 ,

49, 61,76, 79

County and City Data Book........................... 6, 32

Current Population Reports........................... 4, 5, 7, 24-31, 36,

46, 47-49, 58, 60,

61, 76, 79

Series P-20 (Population

Characteristics...................................... 4, 5, 7, 24-26, 36,

46,47,48, 58,60,

61, 76, 79

Series P-23 (Special Studies)................. 4, 5,7,27,28,49,

76, 79

Series P-25 (Population

Estimates and

Projections)........................................... 4, 7, 28

Series P-27 (Farm Population)....... ..... 4, 7, 28

Series P-28 (Special Censuses)............. 4, 7, 28

Series P-60 (Consumer Income)............ 4, 5,7,29,30,36,

49, 61, 76, 79

Series P-65 (Consumer

Buying Indicators) ............................... 4, 30

“Detailed Characteristics”

(Chapter “ D” of Volume I,

Census o f Population: 1970,

reports)........................................................... 2, 9, 37, 53, 58,

65, 68, 71, 72

“Detailed Housing Characteristics”

(Chapter “B” , Volume I,

Census o f Housing: 1970,

reports)........................................................... 3, 15, 37, 43, 67

Digest o f Educational Statistics, 1973 ........ 33, 51, 57

Employment and Earnings............................ 4, 5, 7, 9, 46, 76

Employment Profiles o f Selected Lowincome Areas (Series PHC-(3),

Census of Population and

Housing: 1970, joint populationhousing reports)........................................... 4, 17, 44, 55, 64

Equal Employment Opportunity

Report: 1970.................................................. 32, 50, 56

Farm Population

(Series P-27, Current Population

Reports).......................................................... 4, 7, 28

Findings o f the 1971 AFDC S tu d y ............... 33, 50

General Demographic Trends for

Metropolitan Areas, 1960 to 1970

(Series PHC-(2), Census o f

Population and Housing: 1970,

joint population-housing reports)............. 4, 17, 64, 73

“General Housing Characteristics”

(Chapter “A ” , Volume I,

Census o f Housing: 1970,

reports)........................................................... 3, 7, 15, 67

“ General Population Characteristics”

(Chapter “ B” of Volume I,

Census o f Population: 1970,

reports).......................................................... 2, 7, 8, 52, 65

“General Social and Economic

Characteristics:: (Chapter “C”

of Volume I, Census o f

Population: 1970, reports)......................... 2,7,8 ,3 7 ,5 8 ,6 5 ,

67, 68, 70, 72

Geographic Profile of Employment

and Unemployment...................................... 23

Handbook o f Labor Statistics....................... 23, 76

Housing Characteristics for States,

Cities, and Counties (Volume I,

Census of Housing: 1970, reports............ 3,7,15,43,67,73

Manpower Research M onographs............... 34

Manpower Report of the

President, 1974.............................................. 24, 76

Metropolitan Housing Characteristics

(Volume II, Census o f Housing:

1970, reports)................................................ 3, 7, 15, 37, 43,

67, 73

Minority Group Employment in

the Federal Government............................ 31, 49, 56

Minority-Owned Business: 1969.................... 32, 49

Monthly Labor Review .................................. 4, 5, 19, 46, 47

Plumbing Facilities and Estimates o f

Dilapidated Housing (Volume VI,

Census o f Housing: 1970,

reports)........................................................... 3, 16, 64, 73

Population Characteristics

(Series P-20, Current Population

Reports).......................................................... 4, 5, 7, 24-26, 36,

46-48, 58, 60, 61,

76, 79

Population Estimates and Projections

(Series P-25, Current Population

Reports).......................................................... 4, 7, 28

Racial and Ethnic Enrollment Data

from Institutions o f Higher

Education: Fall 1970 ................................... 33 , 50, 57

82

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Residential Finance PC(1)-B........................................................... 2, 7, 8, 52, 65

(Volume V, Census of Housing: PC(1)-C........................................................... ... 2,7,8,37,58,65,

1970, reports).............................................. 3 ,1 6 ,6 4 68, 70, 72

Rural Development Service Statistical PC(1)-D.......................................................... ... 2, 9, 37, 53, 58,

Bulletins........................................................ 31 65, 68, 71, 72

Selected Earnings and Demographic PC(2)- ............................................................ ... 2,7-15,36-43,52,

Characteristics of Union 53-55, 58-60, 64,

Members, 1970.............................................. 23 66, 67, 69-75

Series . . . (by series alphanumeric PH C (l)-......................................................... ... 4, 7, 17, 37, 44,

designation) 60, 73

PHC(2)-......................................................... 4, 17, 64, 73

HC(1)-................................................................. 3,7,15,43,67,73 PHC(3)-......................................................... ... 4, 17, 37, 44, 55,

HC(1)-A............................................................ 3, 7, 15, 67 64

HC(1)-B............................................................ 3, 15, 37, 43, 67 Social Security Bulletin............................... 33

HC(2).................................................................. 3, 7, 15, 37, 43, Special Censuses

67, 73 (Series P-28, Current Population

HC(3)................................................................ 3, 15 Reports)...................................................... 4, 7, 28

HC(4)................................................................ 3, 16, 64, 73 Special Studies

HC(5)................................................................ 3, 16, 64 (Series P-23, Current Population

HC(6)................................................................ 3, 16, 64, 73 Reports)...................................................... 4,5,1, 27, 28,

HC(7).................................................................. 3, 7, 16, 44, 52, 49, 76, 79

55,64, 67, 70,71, Special Labor Force Reports.................... ... 4,5,7,20-23,46,

73 47, 62, 76-78

P-20................................................................... 4,5,7,24-26,36, Statistical Abstract of the

46-48, 58, 60, 61 United States............................................ 6, 31, 50

76, 79 Subject Reports Volume II of

P-23.................................................................. 4,5,7,27,28,49, Census of Population: 1970,

76, 79 reports) Volume VII of

P-25................................................................... 4, 7, 28 Census of Housing: 1970, reports)....... ... 2,3,7-16,36-44,

P-27.................................................................. 4, 7, 28 52-55, 58-60, 64,

P-28.................................................................. 4, 7, 28 66, 67, 69-75

P-60.................................................................. .. 4,5,7,29,30,36, Supplementary Reports (Series PC(S1),

49, 61, 76, 79 Census of Population: 1970,

P-65.................................................................. 4, 30 reports)

p p o )................................................................

.. 2,7-9,37,52,58, (Series HC(S1), Census of Housing:

65, 67, 68, 70-73 1970, reports)............................................ 17, 18, 44-46, 60

PC(1)-A........................................................... 2, 65 Unemployment Insurance Statistics........ 34

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