UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549   FORM 10-K  (Mark One)  X ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934  For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 OR   ̈ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934  for the transition period fromto  Commission file number: 0-25976  UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)   Pennsylvania23-2802415(State of other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)The Graham Building, 30 South 15th Street,     Suite 1200, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19102(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)  (215) 351-4600 [Registrant’s telephone number, including area code]  Name and fiscal year not changed, but former address was 300 North 3rd Street Philadelphia, PA 19106 (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)  Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:  Title of each className of each exchange on
which registeredNONENONE  Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  Common Stock, $ .01 Par Value  1     (Title of Class) Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act  YesoNo☒  Indicate by check mark if registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. YesoNo☒ Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes    No☒  Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§229.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes☒Noo  Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.☒  Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check One):  Large accelerated filer  ̈    Accelerated filer  ̈  Non-accelerated filer  ̈  Smaller reporting company X  Emerging growth company  ̈  If emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ̈  Indicate by checkmark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 126-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes  ̈     No☒  The aggregate market value of shares of common stock held by non-affiliates of Registrant (including fiduciary accounts administered by affiliates) was [_not applicable] on June 30, 2011.   Not applicable, the Registrant shares are not publicly traded.  United Bancshares, Inc. (sometimes herein also referred to as the “Company” or “UBS”) has two classes of capital stock authorized 2,000,000 shares of $.01 par value Common Stock and 500,000 shares of $.01 par value Series Preferred Stock. The Preferred Stock consists of 500,000 authorized shares of stock of which 250,000 have been designated as Series A and 7,000 as Series B for which there were 99,442 and 1,350 shares are issued, respectively as of December 23, 2019.  The Board of Directors designated a subclass of the common stock, Class B Common Stock, by filing of Articles of Amendment to its Articles of Incorporation on September 30, 1998.  This Class B Common Stock has all of the rights and privileges of Common Stock with the exception of voting rights.  Of the 2,000,000 shares of authorized Common Stock, 250,000 have been designated Class B Common Stock.  There is no market for the Common Stock.  None of the shares of the Registrant’s stock was sold within 60 days of the filing of this Form 10-K.  As of December 23, 2019the aggregate number of the shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding was 826,921.  DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:  DocumentParts Into Which IncorporatedNone  The exhibit index is on pages 52 through 54.  There are 107 pages in this report.  2     FORM 10-K United Bancshares, Inc. Index  Item No.PagePART I1.Business51A.Risk Factors151B.Unresolved Staff Comments182.Properties183.Legal Proceedings194.Mine Safety Disclosures19PART II5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities196.Selected Financial Data217.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations217A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk388.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data389.Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure389A.Controls and Procedures389B.Other Information40PART III10.Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance4011.Executive Compensation4712.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters5013.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence5114.Principal Accountant Fees and Services52PART IV15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules53   3    PART I  SPECIAL CAUTIONARY NOTICE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS  Certain of the statements contained in this report and the documents incorporated by reference herein may constitute forward-looking statements for the purposes of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and may involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause actual results, performance or achievements of United Bancshares, Inc. (“UBS”) to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include statements with respect to UBS’ financial goals, business plans, business prospects, credit quality, credit risk, reserve adequacy, liquidity, origination and sale of residential mortgage loans, mortgage servicing rights, the effect of changes in accounting standards, and market and pricing trends loss. The words The words “may”, “would”, “could”, “will”, “likely”, “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend”, “estimate”, “plan”, “forecast”, “project” and “believe” and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. UBS’ actual results may differ materially from the results anticipated by the forward-looking statements due to a variety of factors, including without limitation:  •the effect of future economic conditions on the UBS and its customers, including economic factors which affect consumer confidence in the securities markets, wealth creation, investment and savings patterns, the real estate market, and UBS’ interest rate risk exposure and credit risk;  •changes in the securities markets with respect to the market values of financial assets and the stability of particular securities markets;  •governmental monetary and fiscal policies, as well as legislation and regulatory changes;  •results of regulatory examinations, including the possibility that regulators may, among other things, require us to increase our allowance for loan losses or to write down assets;  •changes in accounting requirements or interpretations;  •changes in existing statutes, regulatory guidance, legislation or judicial decisions that adversely affect our business, including changes in federal income tax or other tax regulations;  •the risks of changes in interest rates on the level and composition of deposits, loan demand, and the value of loan collateral and securities, as well as interest rate risk;  •the effects of competition from other commercial banks, thrifts, credit unions, securities brokerage firms, insurance companies, money-market and mutual funds and other institutions operating in UBS’ trade market area and elsewhere including institutions operating locally, regionally, nationally and internationally and such competitors offering banking products and services by mail, telephone, computer and the Internet;  •Any extraordinary events (such as natural disasters, acts of terrorism, wars or political conflicts);  •UBS’ need for capital;  •UBS’ success in continuing to generate new business, especially SBA loans, in its existing markets, as well as its success in identifying and penetrating targeted markets and generating a profit in those markets in a reasonable time;  •changes in consumer and business spending, borrowing and savings habits and demand for financial services in our investment products in a manner that meets customers’ needs;  •UBS’ timely development of competitive new products and services in a changing environment and the acceptance of such products and services by customers;   4   •the accuracy of assumptions underlying the establishment of reserves for loan losses and estimates in the value of collateral, the market value of mortgage servicing rights and various financial assets and liabilities;  •UBS’ ability to retain key members of the senior management team;  •the ability of key third-party providers to perform their obligations to the UBS and the Bank;  •technological systems failures, interruptions and security breaches could negatively impact our operations and reputation;  •technological changes, including cyber security, being more difficult or expensive than anticipated;  •UBS’ success in managing the risks involved in the foregoing. All written or oral forward-looking statements attributed to UBS are expressly qualified in their entirety by use of the foregoing cautionary statements. All forward-looking statements included in this Report and the documents incorporated by reference herein are based upon UBS’ beliefs and assumptions as of the date of this Report. UBS assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking statements discussed in this Report or incorporated documents might not occur and you should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements.  PART I  ITEM 1 — BUSINESS  United Bancshares, Inc.  United Bancshares, Inc. (“Registrant” or “UBS”) is a holding company for United Bank of Philadelphia (the “Bank”).  UBS was incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on April 8, 1993.  The Registrant became the bank holding company of the Bank, pursuant to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, on October 14, 1994.  The Bank commenced operations on March 23, 1992.  UBS provides banking services through the Bank.  The principal executive offices of UBS and the Bank are located at The Graham Building, 30 S 15th Street, Suite 1200, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102.  The Registrant’s telephone number is (215) 351-4600.  As of December 23, 2019, UBS and the Bank had a total of 18 employees.  United Bank of Philadelphia  United Bancshares, Inc. is an African American controlled and managed bank holding company for United Bank of Philadelphia (the “Bank”), a commercial bank chartered in 1992 by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Banking.  The deposits held by the Bank are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”).  The Bank provides full service community banking in Philadelphia neighborhoods that are rich in diversity providing a market opportunity that includes men, women, families, small business owners, skilled laborers, professionals and many more who need banking services to help make their dreams come true.  The Bank conducts all its banking activities through its two offices located as follows: (i)Center City30S 15th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and (ii)Progress Plaza Branch1015 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.   Through its locations, the Bank offers a broad range of commercial and consumer banking services.  At December 31, 2016, the Bank had total deposits aggregating approximately $51 million and had total net loans outstanding of approximately $39 million, including $7.8 million held for sale.  Although the Bank’s primary service area for Community Reinvestment Act purposes is Philadelphia County, it also services, generally, the Delaware Valley, which consists of portions of Montgomery, Bucks, Chester, and Delaware Counties in Pennsylvania; New Castle County in Delaware; and Camden, Burlington, and Gloucester Counties in New Jersey.  The city of Philadelphia is comprised of 385 census tracts and, based census data, 250 or 65% of these are  5   designated as low to moderate-income tracts while 105 or 27.3% are characterized both as low to moderate-income and minority tracts.  The Bank’s primary service area consists of a population of 1,526,006, which includes a minority population of 752,309.  United Bank of Philadelphia, while state chartered as a commercial bank, is uniquely structured to provide retail services to its urban communities, while maintaining and establishing a solid portfolio of commercial relationships that include small businesses, churches and corporations.  The Bank has leveraged its CDFI (community development financial institution) designation as established by the United States Department of Treasury to attract deposits from universities and corporations in the region seeking Community Reinvestment Act (the “CRA Act”) credit.  The Bank may also be eligible to receive grants from the U.S. Treasury CDFI Bank Enterprise Award Fund for its qualified small business lending activity.    Management may pursue CDFI funding in the future for which the Bank is eligible.  The Bank seeks to strengthen communities in the Philadelphia region with innovative products and services including remote deposit capture and other electronic banking services. The Bank primarily engages in commercial banking business with a particular focus on, and sensitivity to, groups that have been traditionally under-served, including Blacks, Hispanics and women.  The Bank offers a wide range of deposit products (both retail and commercial), including checking accounts, interest-bearing NOW accounts, money market accounts, certificates of deposit, savings accounts and Individual Retirement Accounts.  A broad range of credit products is offered to the businesses in the Bank’s service area, including commercial and industrial and commercial real estate loans. Although the Bank’s internal Loan Policy limit is $500,000 per borrower, its maximum legal lending limit was approximately $447,000 per borrower based on 15% of its current capital level at December 23, 2019.  United Bank of Philadelphia has the flexibility to develop loan arrangements targeted at a customer’s objectives.  Typically, these loans are term loans or revolving credit arrangements with interest rate, collateral and repayments terms, varying based upon the type of credit, and various factors used to evaluate risk.  The Bank participates in the government-sponsored and other local agency credit enhancement programs including the Small Business Administration (“SBA”) and Philadelphia Industrial Development Corporation (“PIDC”) when deemed appropriate.  These programs offer guarantees of up to 90% of the loan amount.  These guarantees are intended to reduce the Bank’s exposure to loss in its commercial loan portfolio.  Commercial loans are typically made on the basis of cash flow to support repayment with secondary reliance placed on the underlying collateral.  Other services the Bank offers include safe deposit boxes, travelers’ checks, money orders, direct deposit of payroll and Social Security checks, wire transfers, access to automated teller networks and remote deposit capture.  Segments  The Company has one reportable segment, “Community Banking.” All of the Company’s activities are interrelated, and each activity is dependent and assessed based on how each of the activities of the Company supports the other.  For example, commercial lending is dependent upon the ability of the Bank to fund it with retail deposits and other borrowings and to manage interest rate and credit risk.  Accordingly, all significant operating decisions are based upon analysis of the Company as one operating segment or unit.  Access to the Bank’s Website and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission Website  Reports filed electronically by United Bancshares, Inc.’s with the Securities and Exchange Commission including proxy statements, reports on Form 10-K, reports on Form 10-Q, and current event reports on Form 8–K, as well as any amendment of those reports, and other information about UBS and the Bank are accessible at no cost on the Bank’s website atwww.ubphila.comunder the “investor information” section.  These files are also accessible on the Commission’s website  at  www.sec.gov.  Competition  There is significant competition among financial institutions in the Bank’s service area.  Money center banks have positioned new branches in once abandoned neighborhoods seeking to grow market share in minority communities.  The Bank competes with local, regional and national commercial banks, as well as savings banks, credit  6   unions and savings and loan associations.  Many of these banks and financial institutions have an amount of capital that allows them to do more advertising and promotion and to provide a greater range of services to customers including cash management, investment and trust services.  The Bank has attracted, and believes it will continue to attract its customers from the deposit base of such existing banks and financial institutions largely due to the Bank’s “uniqueness” in the marketplace and its mission to service groups of people who have traditionally been under served and by its devotion to personalized customer service.  The Bank’s branding message, “So Much More Than Banking” highlights the Bank’s community development focus.  The Bank focuses its efforts on the needs of individuals and small and medium-sized businesses.  In the event that there are customers whose loan demands exceed the Bank’s lending limit, the Bank will seek to arrange for such loans on a participation basis with other financial institutions and intermediaries. In addition, major corporations with operations in the Philadelphia region will continue to be targeted for business including deposits and other banking services.  Supervision and Regulation  UBS, as a Pennsylvania business corporation, is subject to the jurisdiction of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and certain state securities commissions concerning matters relating to the offering and sale of its securities.  Accordingly, if UBS wishes to issue additional shares of its Common Stock, for example, to raise capital or to grant stock options, UBS must comply with the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and any applicable states securities laws, or use an applicable exemption from such registration, if available.  Capital Adequacy  Federal and state banking laws impose on financial institutions such as UBS and the Bank certain minimum requirements to be considered “well capitalized”.  The Company and the Bank are each generally required to maintain a minimum ratio of common equity Tier I capital, Tier I Capital, and total capital to risk rated assets of 6.5%, 8% and 10%, respectively, to be “well capitalized” and 4.5%, 6% and 8%, respectively, to be “adequately capitalized”.  At least half of the total capital must be composed of “Tier I Capital” which is defined as common equity, retained earnings and qualified perpetual preferred stock, less certain intangibles.  The remainder may consist of “Tier II Capital” which is defined as specific subordinated debt, some hybrid capital instruments and other qualifying preferred stock and a limited amount of loan loss allowance.  Common equity Tier I Capital is generally defined as common equity and retained earnings.  Also, federal banking regulatory agencies have established minimum leverage capital requirements for banking organizations.  Under these requirements, banking organizations must maintain a minimum of Tier I Capital to adjusted average quarterly assets equal to 3% to 5%, subject to bank regulatory evaluation of an organization’s overall safety and soundness.  Under the federal banking regulations, a financial institution would be deemed to “adequately capitalized” or better if it exceeds the minimum federal regulatory capital requirements described above.  A financial institution would be deemed “undercapitalized” if it fails to meet the minimum capital requirements and significantly undercapitalized if it has a total risk based capital ratio that is less than 6%, Tier I risk based capital ratio is less than 3%, or a leverage ratio that is less than 3% and “critically undercapitalized” if the institution has a ratio of tangible equity to total assets that is equal to less than 2%. If an institution is deemed to be critically undercapitalized for four quarters, with certain exceptions, that institution will be placed in receivership.  UBS and the Bank are “adequately” for regulatory capital purposes based upon the most recent notification under regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.  On January 31, 2012, the Bank entered into a Consent Order (“Order) with its primary regulators that requires the development of a written capital plan (“Capital Plan”) that details the manner in which the Bank will meet and maintain a Leverage Ratio of at least 8.50% and a Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio of at least 12.50%.  In an effort to restore the Bank to profitability and increased capital levels, its regulators, FDIC and Department of Banking amended and restated the prior Order on April 25, 2018.  This amended Order serves as a prescriptive Restoration Plan providing benchmarks for capital, earnings and asset quality.  The Board of Directors is optimistic about the Bank’s ability to achieve the requirements as stated.  This Order represents a more tailored approach by regulators to strengthen and preserve minority-owned financial institutions like United Bank of Philadelphia.  The priority for the Board of Directors and management is to promptly comply with the Order.  7   Basel III On June 7, 2012, the Federal Reserve approved proposed rules that would substantially amend the regulatory risk-based capital rules applicable to UBS and the Bank. The FDIC and the OCC subsequently approved these proposed rules on June 12, 2012. The proposed rules implement the “Basel III” regulatory capital reforms and changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act. “Basel III” refers to two consultative documents released by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision in December 2009, the rules text released in December 2010, and loss absorbency rules issued in January 2011, which include significant changes to bank capital, leverage and liquidity requirements. In July 2014, the Federal Reserve, the OCC and the FDIC approved the final Basel III risk-based capital rule. This rule aims to improve the quality and quantity of capital for all banking organizations. The agencies, in response to comments on their June 2012 proposed capital rule, sought to minimize the potential burden on community organizations where consistent with applicable law and the establishment of a robust and comprehensive capital framework. Community banking organizations became subject to the final Basel III rule on January 1, 2015. Thereafter begins a phase-in period through January 1, 2019. For community banking organizations like UBS and the Bank, the rule in final form provides some relief from the initial proposal in three important areas:  ·Banks under $15 billion in assets can continue to count trust-preferred securities—known as TRuPS—as Tier 1 capital. ·Banks can continue to risk-weight residential mortgages as they had under the original Basel I regime. The final rule abandons a proposal to institute a complicated formula of risk weights for residential mortgages. ·All but the largest banks (above $250 billion in assets) can keep available-for-sale securities on the balance sheet without having to adjust regulatory capital levels based on the current market value of those securities. Banks have a one-time opportunity to “opt-out” on their first regulatory call report after Jan. 1, 2015 from what’s called the accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) filter. If they miss doing so, they can’t opt-out later. The Bank “opted-out” of the inclusion of AOCI in its capital calculations in its March 31, 2015 Call Report.  The final rule includes new risk-based capital and leverage ratios and refines the definition of what constitutes “capital” for purposes of calculating those ratios. The new minimum capital level requirements applicable to UBS and the Bank under the final rule would be:  (i)a new common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 4.5%;  (ii)a Tier 1 capital ratio of 6% (increased from 4%);  (iii)a total capital ratio of 8% (unchanged from current rules); and  (iv)a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4% for all institutions.  The rule also establishes a “capital conservation buffer” of 2.5% above the new regulatory minimum capital requirements, which must consist entirely of common equity Tier 1 capital and would result in the following minimum ratios beginning in 2019:  (i)a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 7.0%;  (ii)a Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%; and  (iii)a total capital ratio of 10.5%.  The new capital conservation buffer requirement is phased in beginning in January 2016 at 0.625% of risk-weighted assets and would increase by that amount each year until fully implemented in January 2019. An institution would be subject to limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying discretionary bonuses if its capital level falls below the buffer amount. These limitations would establish a maximum percentage of eligible retained income that could be utilized for such actions.  8   Basel III provides discretion for regulators to impose an additional buffer, the “countercyclical buffer,” of up to 2.5% of common equity Tier 1 capital to take into account the macro-financial environment and periods of excessive credit growth. However, the proposed rules permit the countercyclical buffer to be applied only to “advanced approach banks” ( i.e. banks with $250 billion or more in total assets or $10 billion or more in total foreign exposures), which currently excludes UBS and the Bank.  The federal bank regulatory agencies also approved revisions to the prompt corrective action framework, which is designed to place restrictions on insured depository institutions, including the Bank, if their capital levels begin to show signs of weakness. These revisions took effect January 1, 2015. Under the prompt corrective action requirements, which are designed to complement the capital conservation buffer, insured depository institutions would be required to meet the following increased capital level requirements in order to qualify as “well capitalized:”  (i)a new common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 6.5%;  (ii)a Tier 1 capital ratio of 8% (increased from 6%);  (iii)a total capital ratio of 10% (unchanged from current rules); and  (iv)a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 5% (increased from 4%).  UBS and the Bank are currently “adequately capitalized” but below the requirements of the new rule to be “well capitalized” and will seek to continue to strengthen its capital ratios with new external capital as well as retained earnings.  The Bank Holding Company Act  UBS, as a bank holding company, is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHC Act”), and supervision by the Federal Reserve Board. The BCH Act limits the business of bank holding companies to banking, managing or controlling banks, performing certain servicing activities for subsidiaries and engaging in such other activities as the Federal Reserve Board may determine to be closely related to banking. UBS is subject to the supervision of and inspection by the Federal Reserve Board and is required to file with the Board an annual report and such additional information as the Board may require pursuant to the BHC Act and its implementing regulations.  The Federal Reserve Board also conducts inspections of UBS.  A bank holding company is prohibited from engaging in or acquiring direct or indirect control of more than 5% of the voting shares of any company engaged in non-banking activities, unless the Federal Reserve Board, by order or regulation, has found such activities to be so closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks, as to be a proper incident thereto.  In making this determination, the Board considers whether the performance of these activities by a bank holding company would offer benefits to the public that outweigh possible adverse effects.  The BHC Act requires UBS to secure the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board before it owns or controls, directly or indirectly, more than 5% of the voting shares of any corporation, including another holding company or bank.  The BHC Act and the Federal Reserve Board’s regulations prohibit a bank holding company and its subsidiaries from engaging in certain tying arrangements in connection with any extension of credit or services.  The “anti-tying” provisions prohibit a bank from extending credit, leasing, selling property or furnishing any service to a customer on the condition that the customer obtain additional credit or service from the bank, its bank holding company or any other subsidiary of its bank holding company, or on the condition that the customer not obtain other credit or services from a competitor of the bank, its bank holding company or any subsidiary of its bank holding company.  The Bank, as a subsidiary of UBS, is subject to certain restrictions imposed by the Federal Reserve Act, as amended, on any extensions of credit to UBS or its subsidiaries, on investments in the stock or other securities UBS or its subsidiaries, and on taking such stock or securities as collateral for loans.  The Federal Reserve Act and Federal Reserve Board regulations also place certain limitations and reporting  9   requirements on extensions of credit by a bank to principal shareholders of its parent holding company, among others, and to related interests of such principal shareholders.  In addition, that Act and those regulations may affect the terms upon which any person who becomes a principal shareholder of a holding company may obtain credit from banks with which the subsidiary bank maintains a correspondent relationship.  Under Federal Reserve Board Policy, UBS is expected to serve as a source of financial strength to the Bank and to commit resources to support the Bank.  Consistent with its “source of strength” policy, the Federal Reserve Board has stated that as a matter of prudent banking, the bank holding company generally should not maintain a rate of cash dividends unless its net income available to common shareholders has been sufficient to fully fund the dividends and the perspective rate of earnings retention appears to be consistent with UBS’ capital needs, asset quality and overall financial condition.  Federal Law also grants to the federal banking agencies the power to issue cease and desist orders when a bank or bank holding company, or an officer or director thereof, is engaged in or is about to engage in unsafe and unsound practices.  Regulatory Restrictions on Dividends  The Consent Orders with the FDIC and the Pennsylvania Department of Banking prohibit the payment of dividends without the approval of both regulatory agencies.  Dividend payments by the Bank to UBS are subject to the Pennsylvania Banking Code and the FDIC Act.  Under the Banking Code, no dividends may be paid except from “accumulated net earnings” (generally undivided profits).  Under the FDIC, an insured bank may not pay dividends if the bank is in arrears and the payment of any insurance assessment due to the FDIC.  See dividend restrictions under Item 5 below.  The Financial Services Act  The Financial Services Act (the “FSA”), sometimes referred to as the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, repealed the provisions of the Glass-Steagall Act, which prohibited commercial banks and securities firms from affiliating with each other and engaging in each other’s businesses.  Thus, many of the barriers prohibiting affiliations between commercial banks and securities firms have been eliminated.  The FSA authorizes the establishment of “financial holding companies” (“FHC”) to engage in new financial activities offering and banking, insurance, securities and other financial products to consumers. Bank holding companies may elect to become a FHC, if all of its subsidiary depository institutions are well capitalized and well managed. If those requirements are met, a bank holding company may file a certification to that effect with the Federal Reserve Board and declare that it elects to become a FHC.  After the certification and declaration are filed, the FHC may engage either de novo or through an acquisition in any activity that has been determined by the Federal Reserve Board to be financial in nature or incidental to such financial activity.  Under the FSA, the Bank, subject to various requirements, is permitted to engage through “financial subsidiaries” in certain financial activities permissible for affiliates of an FHC.  However, to be able to engage in such activities the Bank must be well capitalized and well managed and receive at least a “satisfactory” rating in its most recent CRA examination. See “The Community Reinvestment Act” below.  Dodd Frank Act  On July 21, 2010, the Dodd Frank Act was signed into law. The Dodd Frank Act will likely result in dramatic changes across the financial regulatory system, some of which became effective immediately and some of which will not become effective until various future dates. Implementation of the Dodd Frank Act will require many new rules to be issued by various federal regulatory agencies over the next several years. There will be a significant amount of uncertainty regarding the overall impact of this new law on the financial services industry until final rulemaking is complete. The ultimate impact of this law could have a material adverse impact on the financial services industry as a whole and on our business, results of operations, and financial condition. Provisions in the legislation that affect deposit insurance assessments, payment of interest on demand deposits, and interchange fees could increase the costs associated with  10   deposits and place limitations on certain revenues those deposits may generate. The Dodd Frank Act also includes provisions that, among other things, either have been adopted or will be adopted: ·Centralize responsibility for consumer financial protection by creating a new agency, the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, responsible for implementing, examining, and enforcing compliance with federal consumer financial laws, but depository institutions such as the bank with less than $10 billion in assets will continue to be examined and supervised by its current regulators. ·Create the Financial Stability Oversight Council that will recommend to the Federal Reserve increasingly strict rules for capital, leverage, liquidity, risk management, and other requirements as companies grow in size and complexity. ·Provide mortgage reform provisions regarding a customer’s ability to repay, restricting variable-rate lending by requiring that the ability to repay variable-rate loans be determined by using the maximum rate that will apply during the first five years of a variable-rate loan term, and making more loans subject to provisions for higher cost loans and new disclosures. In addition, certain compensation for mortgage brokers based on certain loan terms will be restricted. ·Require financial institutions to make a reasonable and good faith determination that borrowers have the ability to repay loans for which they apply. If a financial institution fails to make such a determination, a borrower can assert this failure as a defense to foreclosure. ·Require financial institutions to retain a specified percentage (5% or more) of certain non-traditional mortgage loans and other assets in the event that they seek to securitize such assets. ·Change the assessment base for federal deposit insurance from the amount of insured deposits to consolidated assets less tangible capital, eliminate the ceiling on the size of the Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”), and increase the floor on the size of the DIF, which generally will result in a decrease in the level of assessments for institutions with assets less than $10 billion. ·Make permanent the $250,000 limit for federal deposit insurance and provide unlimited federal deposit insurance for noninterest-bearing demand transaction accounts at all insured depository institutions. ·Implement corporate governance revisions, including with regard to executive compensation, say on pay votes, proxy access by shareholders, and clawback policies which apply to all public companies, not just financial institutions. ·Repeal the federal prohibitions on the payment of interest on demand deposits, thereby permitting depository institutions to pay interest on business transactions and other accounts. ·Amend the Electronic Funds Transfer Act (EFTA) to, among other things, give the Federal Reserve the authority to establish rules regarding interchange fees charged for electronic debit transactions by payment card issuers having assets over $10 billion and to enforce a new statutory requirement that such fees be reasonable and proportional to the actual cost of a transaction to the issuer. ·Apply the same leverage and risk based capital requirements that apply to insured depository institutions and holding companies. As noted above, the Dodd Frank Act requires that the federal regulatory agencies draft many new regulations which will implement the foregoing provisions as well as other provisions contained in the Dodd Frank Act, the ultimate impact of which will not be known for some time.  The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (The” SOX Act”)  11    The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) represents a comprehensive revision of laws affecting corporate governance, accounting obligations and corporate reporting. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is applicable to all companies with equity or debt securities registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. In accordance with the requirements of Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, management’s report on internal controls is included herein at Part 9. The Dodd-Frank Act permanently exempts non-accelerated filers from the auditor attestation requirement of the Act.  UBS, in compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, has made the determination that the Audit Committee of UBS has a “financial expert” on the committee. This “financial expert” is Joseph Drennan, an independent director of the Bank, who is not associated with the daily management of UBS.  Mr. Drennan is a former bank executive and currently serves as Chief Financial Officer for a venture capital firm.  He has an understanding of financial statements and generally accepted accounting principles.  The Bank has a Code of Ethics for the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Bank in compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.  The Bank is subject to supervision, regulation and examination by the Pennsylvania Department of Banking and the FDIC.  In addition, the Bank is subject to a variety of local, state and federal laws that affect its operation. Those laws and regulations which have material impact on the operations and expenses of the Bank and thus UBS are summarized below.  Branch Banking  The Pennsylvania Banking Code of 1965, the (“Banking Code”), has been amended to harmonize Pennsylvania law with federal law to enable Pennsylvania banking institutions, such as the Bank, to participate fully in interstate banking and to remove obstacles to out of state banks engaging in banking in Pennsylvania.  FDIC Membership Regulations  The FDIC (i) is empowered to issue consent or civil money penalty orders against the Bank or its executive officers, directors and/or principal shareholders based on violations of law or unsafe and unsound banking practices; (ii) is authorized to remove executive officers who have participated in such violations or unsound practices; (iii) has restricted lending by the Bank to its executive officers, directors, principal shareholders or related interests thereof; (iv) has restricted management personnel of the Bank from serving as directors or in other management positions with certain depository institutions whose assets exceed a specified amount or which have an office within a specified geographic area.  Additionally, the Bank Control Act provides that no person may acquire control of the Bank unless the FDIC has been given 60-days prior written notice and within that time has not disapproved of the acquisition or extended the period for disapproval.  Federal Law also grants to the federal banking agencies the power to issue consent orders when a bank or bank holding company, or an officer or director thereof, is engaged in or is about to engage in unsafe and unsound practices.  Regulatory Order  On April 25, 2018, the Bank entered into stipulations consenting to the issuance of amended and restated Consent Orders (the “Orders”) with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and the Pennsylvania Department of Banking (“Department”) which serve as a prescriptive Restoration Plan providing benchmarks for capital, earnings and asset quality. he material terms of the Consent Orders are identical.  The requirements and status of items included in the Orders are as follows: RequirementStatusIncrease participation of the Bank’s board of directors in the Bank’s affairs by having the board assume full responsibility for approving the Bank’s policies and objectives and for supervising the Bank’s management;Board participation has been improved with attendance at board and committee meetings.  12   Have and retain qualified management, and notify the FDIC and the Department of any changes in the Bank’s board of directors or senior executive officers. Add two additional board members with banking experience.New board members are being actively sought to join the board.Complete audited financial statements for 2016, 2017, and 2018.Management is actively working with its auditors to complete all audited financial statements for each year in 2019.Formulate and implement a Restoration/Strategic Plan to increase profitability reduce expenses and improve operating performance and related ratios.A three year Restoration/Strategic Plan was prepared and submitted to regulators as required.Develop and implement a Strategic Plan for each year during which the orders are in effect, to be revised annually;A comprehensive Restoration/Strategic Plan was prepared and submitted to regulators as required.  RequirementStatusDevelop a written capital plan detailing the manner in which the Bank will meet and maintain a ratio of Tier 1 capital to total assets (“leverage ratio”) of at least 8.5% and a ratio of qualifying total capital to risk-weighted assets (total risk-based capital ratio) of at least 12.5%, by September 2019;A capital plan with quarterly benchmarks was prepared and submitted to regulators as required.Formulate a written plan to improve asset quality and reduce the Bank’s risk positions in  assets classified as “Doubtful” or “Substandard” at its regulatory examination;A classified asset reduction plan with benchmarks measured against capital was prepared and submitted as required.Eliminate all assets classified as “Loss” at its current regulatory examination;All assets classified as “Loss” have been eliminated.Refrain from accepting any brokered deposits;The Bank did not accept brokered deposits.Refrain from paying cash dividends without prior approval of the FDIC and the Department;The Bank did not pay cash dividends.Prepare and submit quarterly reports to the FDIC and the Department detailing the actions taken to secure compliance with the orders.Quarterly reports have been prepared and submitted as required.  The Orders will remain in effect until modified or terminated by the FDIC and the Department and do not restrict the Bank from transacting its normal banking business.  The Bank will continue to serve its customers in all areas including making loans, establishing lines of credit, accepting deposits and processing banking transactions.  Customer deposits remain fully insured to the highest limits set by the FDIC.  The FDIC and the Department did not impose or recommend any monetary penalties in connection with the Consent Orders. The Board of Directors is optimistic about the Bank’s ability to achieve the requirements as stated.  These Orders represent a more tailored approach by regulators to strengthen and preserve minority-owned financial institutions like United Bank of Philadelphia.  The priority for the Board of Directors and management is to promptly comply with the Order.  At December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Bank’s tier one leverage capital ratio was 4.82% and 4.57%, respectively, and its total risk based capital ratio was 9.08% and 8.50%, respectively.  The tier one leverage ratio improved as a result of the Bank’s net income. The risk based capital ratio improved as a result of a shift in the composition of the Bank’s balance sheet to include a lower level of loans.  Management developed a Capital Plan that focuses on curtailing losses to stop the erosion of capital and increasing capital from potential external equity investments.  Management continues its efforts to increase capital by focusing on the following: a Capital Plan that focuses on the following:  1.Core Profitability from Bank operations—Core profitability is essential to stop the erosion of capital. 2.External equity investments--In March 2017 and September 2017, the Company received external investments of $675,000 and $250,000, respectively, from other financial institutions. External capital investments will  13   continue to be sought. 3.Performance grants--In April 2019, the Bank received a $2.5 million economic stimulus grant from the City of Philadelphia.  As a result of the above actions, management believes that the Bank has and will continue to attempt to comply with the terms and conditions of the Orders and will continue to operate as an independent financial institution.  Federal Deposit Insurance Assessments  The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Act (the “FDIC Act”) includes several provisions that have a direct material impact on the Bank.  The most significant of these provisions are discussed below.  The Bank is insured by the FDIC, which insures the Bank’s deposits up to applicable limits per insured depositor. For this protection, each insured bank pays a quarterly statutory insurance assessment and is subject to certain rules and regulations of the FDIC. The amount of FDIC assessments paid by individual insured depository institutions, such as the Bank, is based on their relative risk as measured by regulatory capital ratios and certain other factors. Under this system, in establishing the insurance premium assessment for each bank, the FDIC will take into consideration the probability that the deposit insurance fund will incur a loss with respect to an institution, and will charge an institution with perceived higher inherent risks a higher insurance premium.  The FDIC will also consider the different categories and concentrations of assets and liabilities of the institution, the revenue needs of the deposit insurance fund, and any other factors the FDIC deems relevant.  Increases in the assessment rate and additional special assessments with respect to insured deposits could have an adverse impact on the results of operations and capital levels of the Bank and/or UBS.  Under the FDIC’s risk-based assessment system, insured institutions are required to pay deposit insurance premiums based on the risk that each institution poses. An institution’s risk is measured by its regulatory capital levels, supervisory evaluations, and certain other factors. An institution’s assessment rate depends upon the risk category to which it is assigned.  Pursuant to the Dodd Frank Act, the FDIC will calculate an institution’s assessment level based on its total average consolidated assets during the assessment period less average tangible equity (i.e. Tier 1 capital) as opposed to an institution’s deposit level which was the previous basis for calculating insurance assessments. Pursuant to the Dodd Frank Act, institutions will be placed into one of four risk categories for purposes of determining the institution’s actual assessment rate. The FDIC will determine the risk category based on the institution’s capital position (well capitalized, adequately capitalized, or undercapitalized) and supervisory condition (based on exam reports and related information provided by the institution’s primary federal regulator).  In connection with the Dodd Frank Act’s requirement that insurance assessments be based on assets, the FDIC issued the final rule that provides that assessments be based on an institution’s average consolidated assets (less average tangible equity) as opposed to its deposit level. The new assessment schedule, effective as of April 1, 2011, results in the collection of assessment revenue that is approximately revenue neutral compared to the prior method of calculating assessments. Pursuant to this new rule, the assessment base is larger than the prior assessment base, but the new rates are lower than prior rates, ranging from approximately 2.5 basis points to 45 basis points (depending on applicable adjustments for unsecured debt and brokered deposits) until such time as the FDIC’s reserve ratio equals 1.15%. Once the FDIC’s reserve ratio equals or exceeds 1.15%, the applicable assessment rates may range from 1.5 basis points to 40 basis points.  There was no significant impact on the Company’s assessment as a result of this change in assessment base.  The FDIC insurance premiums are “risk based.”  Accordingly, higher premiums would be charged to banks that have lower capital ratios or higher risk profiles.  As a result, a decrease in the bank’s capital ratios, or a negative evaluation by the FDIC, the Bank’s primary federal banking regulator, may increase the Bank’s net funding cost and reduce its net income.  The FDIC may terminate the deposit insurance of any insured depository institution, including the Bank, if it determines after a hearing that the institution has engaged or is engaging in unsafe or unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law, rule, regulation, order, or condition imposed by the FDIC. If insurance of accounts is terminated, the accounts at the institution at the time of the termination, less subsequent withdrawals, will continue to be insured for a period of six months to two years, as determined by the FDIC. There are no pending proceedings to terminate the FDIC deposit insurance of the Bank, and  14   the management of the Bank does not know of any practice, condition, or violation that might lead to termination of deposit insurance.  The Community Reinvestment Act  The Bank is required, by the Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) and its implementing regulations, to meet the credit needs of the community, including the low and moderate-income neighborhoods, which it serves. The Bank’s CRA record is taken into account by the regulatory authorities in their evaluation of any application made by the Bank for, among other things, approval of a branch or other deposit facility, branch office relocation, a merger or an acquisition.  The CRA also requires the federal banking agencies to make public disclosure of their evaluation of a bank’s record of meeting the credit needs of its entire community, including low and moderate-income neighborhoods. After its most recent CRA examination the Bank was given an “outstanding” CRA rating.  The Bank Secrecy Act  Under the Bank Secrecy Act (“BSA”), the Bank and other financial institutions are required to report to the Internal Revenue Service currency transactions, of more than $10,000 or multiple transactions of which the Bank has knowledge exceed $10,000 in the aggregate.  The BSA also requires the Bank to file suspicious activity reports for transactions that involve more than $5,000 and which the Bank knows, suspects or has reason to suspect, involves illegal fund is designed to evade the requirements of the BSA or has no lawful purpose.  Civil and criminal penalties are provided under the BSA for failure to file a required report, for failure to supply information required by the BSA or for filing a false or fraudulent report.  Privacy of Consumer Financial Information  The FSA also contains provisions designed to protect the privacy of each consumer’s financial information held in a financial institution. The regulations (the “Regulations”) issued pursuant to the FSA are designed to prevent financial institutions, such as the Bank, from disclosing a consumer’s nonpublic personal information to third parties. However, financial institutions can share a consumer customer’s personal information or information about business with affiliated companies.  The FSA Regulations permit financial institutions to disclose nonpublic personal information to nonaffiliated third parties for marketing purposes but financial institutions must provide a description of their privacy policies to the consumers and give consumers an opportunity to opt-out of such disclosure and prevent disclosure by the financial institution of the consumer’s nonpublic personal information to nonaffiliated third parties. These privacy Regulations will affect how consumer information is transmitted through diversified financial companies and conveyed to outside vendors.  The Patriot Act  The Patriot Act of 2001 which was enacted in the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks, include provisions designed to combat international money laundering and advance the U.S. government’s war against terrorism. The Patriot Act, and the regulations, which implement it, contains many obligations, which must be satisfied by financial institutions, such as the Bank, which include appropriate policies and procedures and controls to detect, prevent, and report money laundering and terrorist financing and to verify the identity of their customers all of which involve additional expenses for the Bank.  Failure to comply with the Patriot Act could have serious legal and reputational consequences for a financial institution.  ITEM 1A — RISK FACTORS  Below is a list of the significant risks that concern UBS, the Bank and the banking industry.  The list should not be considered an all-inclusive list and has not been prepared in any certain order.  Failure to Comply with the FDIC and Pennsylvania Department of Banking Consent Orders  The Bank has entered into Consent Orders with the FDIC and the Department which, among other  15   provisions, require the Bank to increase its tier one leverage capital ratio to 8.50% and its total risk based capital ratio to 12.5%.  As of December 31, 2016, the Bank’s tier one leverage capital ratio was 4.82% and its total risk based capital ratio was 9.08%.  See the Regulatory Orders section.  The Bank’s failure to comply with the terms of the Consent Orders could result in additional regulatory supervision and/or actions.  Changes in the economy, especially in the Philadelphia region, could have an adverse effect on the Company  The business and earnings of the Bank and UBS are directly affected by general conditions in the U.S. and in particular, economic conditions in the Philadelphia region.  These conditions include legislative and regulatory changes, inflation, and changes in government and monetary and fiscal policies, increases in unemployment rates, and declines in real estate values, all of which are beyond the Bank’s control.  Weakness in the economy could result in a decrease in products and service demand, decrease in deposits and deterioration of customer credit quality, an increase in loan delinquencies, non-accrual loans and increases in problem assets.  Real estate pledged as collateral for loans made by the Bank may decline in value, reducing the value of assets and collateral associated with the Bank’s existing loans.  Because of the Bank’s concentration in the Philadelphia region, it is less able to respond or diversify credit risk among multiple markets.  These factors could result in an increase in the provision for loan losses, thus reducing net income.  Future loan losses may exceed the Bank’s allowance for loan losses  The Bank and UBS are subject to credit risk, which is the risk of losing principal or interest due to borrowers’ failure to repay loans in accordance with their terms.  The downturn in the economy and the real estate market in the Bank’s market area could have a negative effect on collateral values and borrowers’ ability to repay. This downturn in economic conditions could result in losses to UBS in excess of loan loss allowances. To the extent loans are not paid timely by borrowers, the loans are placed on non-accrual status, thereby reducing interest income. To the extent loan charge-offs exceed the Bank’s projections, increased amounts allocated to the provision for loan losses would reduce income. Exposure to Credit Risk on Commercial Lending can Adversely Affect Earnings and Financial Condition  The Bank’s loan portfolio contains a significant number of commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans.  These loans may be viewed as having a higher credit risk than residential real estate or consumer loans because they usually involve larger loan balances to a single borrower and are more susceptible to a risk of a default during an economic down turn.  A deterioration of these loans may cause a significant increase in non-performing loans.  An increase in non-performing loans could cause an increase in loan charge offs and a corresponding increase in the provision for loan losses which could adversely impact the Bank’s earning and financial condition.  Our operations are subject to interest rate risk and variations in interest rates may negatively affect financial performance  In addition to other factors, our earnings and cash flows are dependent upon our net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between interest income earned on interest-earning assets, such as loans and investment securities, and interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowed funds. Changes in the general level of interest rates may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors that are beyond our control, including general economic conditions and policies of various governmental and regulatory agencies and, in particular, the Federal Reserve Board. Changes in monetary policy, including changes in interest rates, influence the amount of interest income that we receive on loans and investment securities and the amount of interest that we pay on deposits and borrowed funds. Changes in monetary policy and interest rates also can adversely affect: ·our ability to originate loans and obtain deposits; ·the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities; and ·the average duration of our investment securities portfolio.  16   If the interest rates paid on deposits and other borrowed funds increase at a faster rate than the interest rates received on loans and other investments, our net interest income, and therefore earnings, could be adversely affected. Earnings could also be adversely affected if the interest rates received on loans and other investments fall more quickly than the interest rates paid on deposits and other borrowed funds. Additionally, the fair value of the Bank’s loans held at fair value may be negatively impacted by changes in interest rates which could negatively impact earnings.  The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act may adversely impact our business  On July 21, 2010, President Obama signed into law the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) which provides for a broad range of financial reform and will result in a number of new regulations which could significantly impact regulatory compliance costs and the operations of community banks and bank holding companies.  The Dodd-Frank Act, among other things, broadens the base for FDIC insurance assessments which may increase our FDIC insurance premiums; repeals the prohibition on a bank’s payment of interest on demand deposit accounts of commercial clients beginning one year after the date of enactment; and contains provisions affecting corporate governance and executive compensation for publicly traded companies.  The Dodd-Frank Act also creates a new Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection with broad authority to develop and implement rules regarding most consumer financial products.  Although many of the details of the Dodd-Frank Act and the full impact it will have on our business will not be known for many months or years in part because many of the provisions require the adoption of implementing rules and regulations, we expect compliance with the new law and its rules and regulations to result in additional costs, including increased compliance costs.  These changes may also require us to invest significant management attention and resources to make any necessary changes to our operations in order to comply.  These changes may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Government regulation can result in limitations on operations The Bank operates in a highly regulated environment and is subject to supervision and regulation by a number of governmental regulatory agencies.  Regulations adopted by these agencies are generally intended to provide protection for depositors and customers rather than for the benefit of the shareholders. These regulations establish permissible activities for the Bank to engage in, require maintenance of adequate capital levels, and regulate other aspects of operations.  The laws and regulations applicable to the banking industry could change at any time, and we cannot predict the effect of these changes on the Bank’s business and profitability.  A return of recessionary conditions may create the potential for increased regulation, new federal or state laws and regulations regarding lending and funding practices and liquidity standards that could negatively impact the Bank’s operations by restricting the Bank’s business operations, increase the cost of compliance and adversely affect profitability.  Losses from operations may result in deterioration of the Bank’s capital levels below required levels and could result in severe regulatory action. The financial services industry is very competitive The Bank faces competition in attracting and retaining deposits, making loans, and providing other financial services throughout the Bank’s market area. The Bank’s competitors include other community banks, larger banking institutions, trust companies and a wide range of other financial institutions such as credit unions, government-sponsored enterprises, mutual fund companies, insurance companies and other non-bank businesses.  Many of these competitors have substantially greater resources, including access to capital markets, than the Bank and are able to expend greater funds for advertising and marketing.  If the Bank is unable to compete effectively, the Bank will lose market share and income from deposits, loans, and other products may be reduced. Higher FDIC assessments could negatively impact profitability  The FDIC insurance premiums are “risk based.”  Accordingly, higher premiums would be charged to banks that have lower capital ratios or higher risk profiles.  As a result, a decrease in the Bank’s capital ratios, or a negative evaluation by the FDIC, the Bank’s primary federal banking regulator, may increase the Bank’s net funding cost and reduce its earnings. Inadequate liquidity The Bank may not be able to meet the cash flow requirements of its customers who may be either depositors wanting to withdraw funds or borrowers needing assurance that sufficient funds will be available to meet their credit needs.  While the Bank actively manages its liquidity position and is required to maintain minimum levels of liquid assets, rapid loan growth or unexpected deposit attrition may negatively impact the Bank’s ability to meet its liquidity requirements. The inability to increase deposits to fund asset growth represents a potential liquidity risk. The Bank may need to reduce earning asset growth through the reduction of current production, sale of assets and/or the participating  17   out of future and current loans.  This might reduce future earnings of the Bank.  Ability to attract and retain management and key personnel may affect future growth and earnings The success of UBS and the Bank will be influenced by its ability to attract and retain management experienced in banking and financial services and familiar with the communities in the Bank’s market areas.  The Bank’s ability to retain executive officers, management team, and support staff is important to the successful implementation of the Bank’s strategic plan.  It is critical, as the Bank grows, to be able to attract and retain qualified staff with the appropriate level of experience and knowledge in community banking.  The unexpected loss of services of key personnel, or the inability to recruit and retain qualified personnel in the future could have an adverse effect on the Bank’s business, financial condition, and results of operations.  The ability to maintain adequate levels of capital to meet regulatory minimums and support growth  The Bank and UBS may not be able to maintain the requisite minimum regulatory capital levels to support asset growth.  While management may seek additional capital through available government programs, unforeseen economic events may negatively impact the Bank’s and UBS’ profitability and result in erosion of capital. This might restrict growth and reduce future earnings of the Company.  The soundness of other financial services institutions may adversely affect UBS and the Bank.  Routine funding transactions may be adversely affected by the actions and soundness of other financial institutions.  Financial service institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, lending, borrowing or other relationships.  As a result, a rumor, default or failures within the financial services industry could lead to market wide liquidity problems which, in turn, could materially impact the financial condition of UBS and the Bank.  Our information systems may experience an interruption or breach in security that could impact our operational capabilities.  We rely heavily on communications and information systems to conduct our business. Any failure, interruption, or breach in security of these systems could result in failures or disruptions in our client relationship management, general ledger, deposit, loan, and other systems. While we have policies and procedures designed to prevent or limit the effect of the failure, interruption, or security breach of our information systems, there can be no assurance that any such failures, interruptions, or security breaches will not occur or, if they do occur, that they will be adequately addressed. The occurrences of any failures, interruptions, or security breaches of our information systems could damage our reputation, result in a loss of client business, subject us to additional regulatory scrutiny, or expose us to civil litigation and possible financial liability, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Additional risk factors also include the following all of which may reduce revenues and/or increase expenses and/or pull the Bank’s management attention away from core banking operations which may ultimately reduce the Bank’s earnings ·New developments in the banking industry ·Variations in quarterly or annual operating results ·Revision of or the issuance of additional regulatory actions affecting UBS or the Bank ·Litigation involving UBS or the Bank ·Changes in accounting policies or procedures  Investments in UBS common shares involve risk.  There is no trading market for UBS’ common shares.  ITEM B — UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS  There were no unresolved staff comments.  ITEM 2 — PROPERTIES  All of the Bank’s properties are in good operating condition and are adequate for the Bank’s present needs.  18   Corporate Headquarters  The Bank’s corporate office is located in The Graham Building, 30 S. 15th Street, Suite 1200, Center City Philadelphia. The Graham building is located in the heart of the Philadelphia business district, directly across from City Hall. The Bank occupies approximately 10,000 square feet on the 12th Floor, including executive offices, operations, finance, human resource, and security and loss prevention functions.  The average monthly lease rate over the term of the lease is $16,300.  Co-terminous with this lease, the Bank also leases retail space on the ground level of the Graham Building in which it operates a retail branch and an ATM. The Bank’s average aggregate gross monthly rental is $7,200.  The retail branch and corporate office in the Graham building is located in Philadelphia’s central business district close to City government.  There is significant development in and around the location of this building including the recently completed Dilworth Park at City Hall.  Management believes that this presence in Center City Philadelphia is consistent with the Bank’s strategic focus on business banking.  Execution strategies, including corporate collaborations, will be developed to better capitalize on the small business marketplace.  Progress Plaza Branch  The Bank leases a branch facility located at 1015 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  The Progress Plaza branch is a very active branch with the largest number of customers seeking service on a daily basis.   This area of North Philadelphia is an important area for the Bank and its mission. The facility is comprised of teller and customer service areas, lobby and vault.  The average aggregate monthly rental for this facility is $5,996 per month.  Mt. Airy Branch  The Bank leases a branch at 1620 Wadsworth Avenue, in the Mt. Airy section of Philadelphia. This facility is located in a densely populated residential neighborhood and in close proximity to small businesses/retail stores. In January 2010, this lease was renewed for ten (10) years.  This facility, comprising a retail banking lobby, teller area, offices, and vault and storage space is currently leased at a monthly rental of $6,500 plus real estate taxes and common area maintenance expenses.  Effective October 19, 2018, the Bank closed this branch as a result of a decline in foot traffic and deposit levels over the past several years.  Although closed, the Bank remains responsible for the monthly lease expense through expiration in December 2019.  ATM Network To enhance its accessibility and generate fee income, United Bank of Philadelphia currently operates 13 automated teller machines (ATMs)—3 at branch locations and 11 in remote locations.  The Bank continues to experience year-to-year declines in ATM usage. Studies show that consumers are moving towards the use of non-cash payment systems including debit cards and credit cards.  Management will continue to review the profitability of each machine in the network and relocate machines, when appropriate, to maximize profitability and to minimize service costs.  Where appropriate, non-customer surcharge fees will be increased to enhance income.  In addition, sites for placement of additional machines will be sought where there is high volume “captive audience” potential.  ITEM 3 — LEGAL PROCEEDINGS  From time to time, the Bank is a defendant in certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business.  In the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, the ultimate disposition of these matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition of the Company. . ITEM 4 – MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES  Not applicable.  PART II  ITEM 5 — MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES  19    Common Stock  UBS’ Common Stock is not traded on any national exchange or otherwise traded in any recognizable market. There is no established public trading market for UBS’ common stock.  Prior to December 31, 1993, the Bank conducted a limited offering (the “Offering”) pursuant to a registration exemption provided in Section 3(a) (2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1933.  The price-per-share during the Offering was $12.00.  Prior to the Offering, the Bank conducted an initial offering of the Common Stock (the “Initial Offering”) at $10.00 per share pursuant to the same registration exemption.  There were no capital stock transactions in 2016.  On February 18, 2015, Wells Fargo Bank returned for cancellation its common and preferred ownership in UBS; including 191,667 Class B non-voting Common shares; 50,000 voting Common shares; and, 12,500 Series Preferred Stock.  As of December 23, 2019 there were 3,128 shareholders of record of UBS’ voting Common Stock.  Preferred Stock  In March 2017 and September 2017, the Bank sold 1,350 and 500 shares, respectively, of Series B Preferred Stock at $500 per share.   Dividend Restrictions  The Consent Orders with the FDIC and the Pennsylvania Department of Banking prohibit the payment of dividends without the approval of both regulatory agencies.  UBS has never declared or paid any cash or stock dividends.  The Pennsylvania Banking Code of 1965, as amended, provides that cash dividends may be declared and paid only from accumulated net earnings and that, prior to the declaration of any dividend, if the surplus of a bank is less than the amount of its capital, the bank shall, until surplus is equal to such amount, transfer to surplus an amount which is at least ten percent of the net earnings of the bank for the period since the end of the last fiscal year or any shorter period since the declaration of a dividend.  If the surplus of the Bank is less than 50% of the amount of its capital, no dividend may be declared or paid by the Bank without the prior approval of the Pennsylvania Department of Banking.  Under the Federal Reserve Act, if a bank has sustained losses equal to or exceeding its undivided profits then on hand, no dividend shall be paid, and no dividends can ever be paid in an amount greater than such bank’s net profits less losses and bad debts.  Cash dividends must be approved by the Federal Reserve Board if the total of all cash dividends declared by a bank in any calendar year, including the proposed cash dividend, exceeds the total of the Bank’s net profits for that year plus its retained net profits from the preceding two years less any required transfers to surplus or to a fund for the retirement of preferred stock.  Under the Federal Reserve Act, the Federal Reserve Board has the power to prohibit the payment of cash dividends by a bank if it determines that such a payment would be an unsafe or unsound banking practice.  As a result of these laws and regulations, the Bank, and therefore UBS, whose only source of income is dividends from the Bank, will be unable to pay any dividends while an accumulated deficit exists.  UBS does not anticipate that dividends will be paid for the foreseeable future.  Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans  There were no equity compensation instruments outstanding at December 31, 2016.   20     The information below has been derived from UBS’ consolidated financial statements.  ITEM 6 — SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA   Selected Financial Data  (Dollars in thousands, except per share data)201620152014201320122011Net interest income$2,521$2,518$2,857$2,815$2,946$3,068Provision (credit) for loan losses(69)(68)16275453170Noninterest income1,9231,3971,3771,4071,5251,071Noninterest expense4,4894,4784,4164,8165,0345,000Net income (loss)25(495)(343)(669)(1,016)(1,031)Net income (loss) per share – basic0.03(0.57)(0.32)(0.63)(0.95)(0.97)Net income (loss) per share – diluted0.03(0.57)(0.32)(0.63)(0.95)(0.97)Balance sheet totals:Total assets53,612$58,984$60,464$60,751$65,616$77,017Net loans26,53533,10140,12741,42440,29840,635Investment securities5,5787,5728,5409,58012,92218,490Deposits50,64255,96256,96257,11060,97771,300Shareholders’ equity2,6602,6803,1813,2104,2405,261Ratios:Tier 1 Leverage ratio4.82%4.57%5.18%5.67%6.00%6.29%Tangible common equity ratio0.15%1.15%1.00%1.04%2.52%3.48%Equity to assets ratio4.96%4.54%5.13%6.50%7.37%8.05%Return on average assets0.05%(0.83)%(0.57)%(1.06)%(1.44)%(1.32)%Return on average equity0.23%(15.20)%(11.05)%(16.26)%(19.53)%(18.92)%  ITEM 7 — MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS  Because UBS is a bank holding company for the Bank, the financial statements in this report are prepared on a consolidated basis to include the accounts of UBS and the Bank.  The purpose of this discussion is to focus on information about the Bank’s financial condition and results of operations, which is not otherwise apparent from the consolidated financial statements included in this annual report.  This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the financial statements presented elsewhere in this report.  Critical Accounting Policies Allowance for Loan Losses  The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses.  Loans that are determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance, and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.  When evaluating the adequacy of the allowance, an assessment of the loan portfolio will typically include changes in the composition and volume of the loan portfolio, overall portfolio quality and past loss experience, review of specific problem loans, current economic conditions which may affect borrowers’ ability to repay, and other factors which may warrant current recognition.  Such periodic assessments may, in management’s judgment, require the Bank to recognize additions or reductions to the allowance.  Various regulatory agencies periodically review the adequacy of the Bank’s allowance for loan losses as an integral part of their examination process.  Such agencies may require the Bank to recognize additions or reductions to the allowance based on their evaluation of information available to them at the time of their examination.  It is reasonably possible that the above factors may change significantly and, therefore, affect management’s determination of the allowance for loan losses in the near term.  A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due.  Loans that experience  21   insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired.  Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.  Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loans effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.  Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment.  Accordingly, the Bank does not separately identify individual consumer and residential loans for impairment disclosures. (Refer to Note 1 and Note 4 of the notes to financial statements.)  The Bank originates SBA loans for which the guaranteed portion is intended to be sold within a short period of time in the secondary market.  These loans are carried at fair value based on a loan-by-loan valuation using actual market bids.  Any change in the balance of the loan and its fair value is recorded as income or expense in each reporting period.  When the guaranteed portion of the loan is sold, the gain on the sale is reduced by the income previously recognized as part of the fair value adjustment. (Refer to Note 1 and Note 11 of the notes to financial statements.)  The Bank originates SBA loans for which the un-guaranteed portion is retained after the guaranteed portion is sold in the secondary market.  Management has elected to carry these loans at fair value in accordance with the irrevocable option permitted under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 825-10-25Financial Instruments.  Fair value of these loans is estimated based on the present value of future cashflows for each asset based on their unique characteristics, market-based assumptions for prepayment speeds, discount rates, default and voluntary prepayments as well as assumptions for losses and recoveries. (Refer to Note 1 and Note 11 of the notes to financial statements.)  Executive Brief  United Bank of Philadelphia is the only African American-owned and controlled community development financial institution headquartered in Philadelphia. Management continues to seek to maximize the Bank’s “community bank” competitive advantage by leveraging its strategic partnerships and relationships to increase market penetration and to help ensure that the communities it serves have full access to financial products and services.  The Company reported net income of approximately $25,000 ($0.03 per common share) for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to a net loss of approximately $495,000 ($0.57 per common share) for the year ended December 31, 2015. In 2016, the improvement in financial performance is primarily related to the Bank’s SBA loan strategy and related income.  Management remains committed to further improving the Company’s operating performance by continuing to implement its profit enhancement strategies that are centered on small business lending products and services.  The following actions are crucial to enhancing the Company’s future financial performance:  Increase Capital.  The critical importance of establishing and maintaining capital levels to support the Bank’s risk profile and growth is understood; however, capital declined as a result of operating losses.  A concentrated effort will be made to stabilize and strengthen the Bank’s capital by the following:  ·Core Profitability from Bank operations—Core profitability is essential to stop the erosion of capital.  Refer to the Earnings Enhancement discussion below. ·External equity investments— Utilizing a CRA platform, instead of seeking one large investor, the Board will continue to solicit a number of smaller investments from institutional and individual investors.    In March 2017 and September 2017, the Company received external investments of $675,000 and $250,000, respectively, from other financial institutions. ·Performance grants--- Management has developed a performance grant strategy to attract funding based on economic impact and job creation/retention.  The goal is to obtain grant funding from local entities that are seeking a “return on impact”. In April 2019, the Bank received a $2.5 million economic stimulus grant from the City of Philadelphia.  Manage asset quality to minimize credit losses and reduce collection costs. Asset quality trends showed some improvement during the year with a decline in classified assets, nonperforming loans and delinquencies. Nonaccrual and greater than 90 day delinquent loans declined from approximately $3 million at December 31, 2015 to $2.1 million at December 31, 2016.   Management will seek to make further progress by adhering to its underwriting standards as well as good customer  22   relationship management practices.  In addition, proactive monitoring of the loan portfolio is essential to the identification of emerging problem credits and is performed during bi-weekly Asset Quality Committee meetings.   Forbearance, foreclosure and/or other appropriate collection methods will be used as necessary and may result in increased loan and collection expense.  Earnings enhancement plan.Management seeks to increase noninterest income and reduce noninterest expense to achieve core earnings. The primary strategy will continue to focus on increasing SBA loan originations and selling the guaranteed portion in the secondary market for a gain. During 2016 and 2015, noninterest income totaling approximately $1.1 million and $643,000, respectively, was recognized utilizing this strategy. A shift in strategy from prior years is that management will target SBA loans that can be fully funded at closing to avoid lengthy construction delays that extend the secondary market eligibility and recognition of income.  Total noninterest expense was relatively unchanged in 2016 compared to 2015. While expense reductions were achieved in personnel, loan collection and occupancy expense, there was an increase in other noninterest expense including office and other real estate expense as the Bank works to reduce its classified assets and delinquent loans.  In addition, the Bank continues to incur a higher level of professional service fees (audit and legal) because of its SEC filing requirements as a result of having in excess of 1,200 shareholders.   Management will seek additional expense reductions, where possible, including data processing and other bank operating cost. A line-by-line expense review will be performed to identify additional savings.  Another challenge to increased earnings is the restriction on asset growth because of the Bank’s current capital levels; however, the Bank’s net interest margin has remained a significant strength.   The low cost of funds is the primary contributing factor. Management will continue to balance asset growth with capital adequacy requirements.  23   Results of Operations  In 2016, the Company recorded net income of approximately $25,000 ($0.03 per share) compared to a net loss of approximately $495,000 ($0.57 per share) in 2015.  A detailed explanation for each component of earnings is included in the sections below.   Table 1—Average Balances, Rates, and Interest Income and Expense Summary  201620152014AverageYield/AverageYield/AverageYield/(Dollars in thousands)BalanceInterestRateBalanceInterestRatebalanceInterestrateAssets:Interest-earning assets:Loans$39,538$2,4036.08%$42,103$2,3925.68%$43,850$2,6856.12%Investment securities6,8281522.237,7961792.309,7602342.40Time deposits with other banks31110.3231110.3230930.97Federal funds sold6,494310.486,842150.223,89780.21Total interest-earning assets53,1712,5874.8757,0522,5874.5357,8162,9305.07Noninterest-earning assets:Cash and due from banks1,2911,7731,745Premises and equipment, net451522605Other assets1,2351,1261,039Less allowance for loan losses(377)(615)(712)Total$55,771$59,858$60,493Liabilities and shareholders’ equity:Interest-bearing liabilities:Demand deposits$13,297$  240.18%$13,758$  250.18%$14,314$  270.19%Savings deposits11,59060.0511,95960.0512,52460.05Time deposits11,724360.3114,931380.2515,370400.26Total interest-bearing liabilities36,611660.1840,648690.1742,208730.17Noninterest-bearing liabilities:Demand deposits16,10515,70914,933Other225245249Shareholders’ equity2,8303,2563,103Total$55,771$59,858$ 60,493Net interest income$2,521$2,518$2,857Spread4.69%4.36%4.90%Net yield on interest-earning assets4.74%4.41%4.94% For purposes of computing the average balance, loans are not reduced for nonperforming loans.  Loan fee income is included in interest income on loans but is not considered material.   Net Interest Income  Net interest income is an effective measure of how well management has balanced the Bank’s interest rate-sensitive assets and liabilities.  Net interest income, the difference between (a) interest and fees on interest-earning assets and (b) interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities, is a significant component of the Bank’s earnings.  Changes in net interest income result primarily from increases or decreases in the average balances of interest-earning assets, the availability of particular sources of funds and changes in prevailing interest rates.  Net interest income totaled approximately $2,521,000 in 2016 and approximately $2,518,000 in 2015, an increase of approximately $3,000, or 0.12%.  24     Table 2—Rate-Volume Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income 2016 compared to 20152015 compared to 2014Increase (decrease) due toIncrease (decrease) due to(Dollars in thousands)VolumeRateNetVolumeRateNetInterest earned on:Loans$(142)$153$11$(110)$(183)$(293)Investment securities(24)(3)(27)(49)(5)(54)Time deposits with other banks----(3)(3)Federal funds sold(1)1716617Total Interest-earning assets(167)167-(153)(190)(343)Interest paid on:Demand deposits(1)-(1)(1)(1)(2)Savings deposits------Time deposits(8)6(2)(1)(1)(2)Total interest-bearing liabilities(9)6(3)(2)(2)(4)Net interest income$ (158)$ 161$3$ (151)$ (188)$(339)  Changes in interest income or expense not arising solely as a result of volume or rate variances are allocated to volume variances due to the interest sensitivity of consolidated assets and liabilities.   In 2016, there was a decrease in net interest income of approximately $158,000 due to changes in volume and an increase of approximately $161,000 due to changes in rate. In 2015, there was a decrease in net interest income of approximately $151,000 due to changes in volume and a decrease of approximately $188,000 due to changes in rate.  Average earning assets declined to approximately $53 million in 2016 from approximately $57 million in 2015 but the net interest margin of the Bank improved from 4.41% to 4.74% for the same period.  The net interest margin increased as a result of an increased yield on loans from 5.68% to 6.08% because of the collection of non-accrual interest on several loans. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities was relatively unchanged at 18 basis points compared to 17 basis points as deposit rates have relatively “bottomed-out” creating little room to make further downward adjustments.  Provision for Loan Losses  The provision for loan losses is based on management’s estimate of the amount needed to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses.  This estimate is based on the review of the loan portfolio, the level of net loan losses, past loan loss experience, the general economic outlook and other factors management feels are appropriate.  There were negative provisions for loan losses of $69,000 and 68,000 in 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Bank’s provision is based on a review and analysis of the loan portfolio, and is therefore subject to fluctuation based on qualitative factors like delinquency trends, charge-offs, economic conditions, concentrations, etc. Management monitors its credit quality closely by working with borrowers in an effort to identify and control credit risk. Systematic provisions are made to the allowance for loan losses to cover incurred loan losses in the portfolio.  The negative provisions in 2016 and 2015 are primarily related to lower loan originations, loan payoff activity as well as a reduction in net charge-offs and related historical loss factors.  In addition, loans held for sale and held at fair value are excluded from the allowance calculation as credit risk is a component of the fair value calculation and related discount on the unguaranteed portion that is retained in the Bank’s loan portfolio.  In general, provision requirements are based on credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio and the review and analysis of the loan portfolio in accordance with the Bank’s Allowance for Loan Loss policies and procedures.  Noninterest Income  Noninterest income increased approximately $526,000, or 37.65%, compared to 2015. The amount of the Bank's noninterest income generally reflects the volume of the transactional and other accounts handled by the Bank and includes such fees and charges as low balance account fees, overdrafts, account analysis, ATM fees, SBA loan-related income and other customer service fees.  In conjunction with its SBA loan origination strategy, the Bank recognized income of approximately $1.1 million and $643,000, respectively, in 2016 and 2015, on the sale of the guaranteed portion of SBA loans and on SBA  25   loans that were held-for-sale and accounted for at fair value under ASC 825, Financial Instruments. Management plans to continue to increase its SBA loan volume and related gains on sales as its primary strategy to enhance and stabilize earnings.  The customer service fee component of noninterest income decreased approximately $63,000, or 15.00%, compared to 2015 primarily as a result of a lower level of overdraft fees on several small business deposit accounts that were habitually overdrawn in 2015.  During 2016, surcharge income on the Bank’s ATM network declined approximately $4,000, or 3.27%, compared to 2015. The decline is consistent with trends in the industry whereby ATM usage has declined as consumers continue to move to electronic payment methods utilizing debit and credit cards versus cash.   Although the Bank has experienced year over year declines in ATM surcharge fee income, management is actively seeking to place machines in high volume locations where cash is required. Several areas have been identified related to the Bank’s small business lending customers for installation in 2017.  Since 2002, the Bank has served as arranger/agent for loan syndications for several major corporations throughout the country.  In this capacity, the Bank arranges back-up lines/letters of credit with other minority banks for which it receives agent/administrative fees.  In both 2016 and 2015, these fees totaled approximately $150,000.  The Bank serves as agent/arranger for two facilities.  Fees on these facilities are received annually for the administration of the credit facilities.  Other income increased approximately $123,000 in 2016 compared to 2015.  The increase is primarily related to a loan pay-off that included loan and collection expenses incurred in prior years as well as the shortening in the period to escheat dormant accounts resulting in a significant number of accounts closed and escheated to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania for which the Bank charged a per account administrative fee for this service.  There were no investment securities sold in 2016 and 2015.  Noninterest Expense  Noninterest expense increased approximately $11,000, or 0.24%, in 2016 compared to 2015.  Salaries and benefits decreased approximately $17,000, or 1.08%, in 2016 compared to 2015 as a result of the elimination of a position in the lending department in June 2015 and several unfilled positions within the Bank’s branch network.  Management will continue to review the organizational structure to maximize efficiencies and increase utilization/productivity.  Occupancy and equipment expense decreased approximately $3,000, or 0.31%, in 2016 compared to 2015. The decrease is primarily related to a reduction in depreciation expense for fully depreciated equipment as well as a reduction in equipment rental expense because of copier lease expiration.  Office operations and supplies expense increased approximately $23,000, or 7.43%, in 2016 compared to 2015 as a result of increased branch security expense because the branches are operating with fewer full time staff that may increase the potential risk of crime; therefore, the Bank increased the presence of security guards to compensate.  Marketing and public relations expense decreased approximately $32,000, or 43.91%, in 2016 compared to 2015 as a result of a shift to direct marketing and business development efforts instead of radio and print ads.  Professional services expense decreased approximately $17,000, or 5.35%, in 2016 compared to 2015 as a result of a reduction in audit cost due to delays in the completion of the review and audit of the quarterly and year-end 2016 financial statements.  Data processing expenses are a result of management’s decision to outsource a majority of its data processing operations to third party processors.  Such expenses are reflective of the high level of accounts being serviced for which the Bank is charged a per account charge by processors.  The Bank experiences a higher level of data processing expenses relative to its peer group because of the nature of its deposit base--low average balance and high transaction volume.  In addition, the Bank uses outside loan servicing companies to service its mortgage, credit card, and student  26   loan portfolios.  To better serve its customers, the Bank also has an ATM network larger than its peer group for which it pays processing fees.   Data processing expenses increased approximately $5,000, or 1.16%, in 2016 compared to 2015 as a result of annual contract escalations. Loan and collection expenses decreased approximately $86,000, or 33.80%, in 2016 compared to 2015. In 2016, the Bank recovered legal fees it incurred on a loan that was collected in full, including legal fees. Other real estate expense increased approximately $115,000, or 1015.33%, in 2016 compared to 2015 primarily related to net transfer-in write-ups of $88,000 in 2015 on several properties where the net liquidation value exceeded the Bank’s loan balance. There were no write-ups in 2016.  Federal deposit insurance premiums decreased approximately $18,000, or 13.20%, in 2016 compared to 2015. Assessments are based on many factors including the Bank’s deposit size and composition and its current regulatory ratings.   The Bank’s deposit levels declined in 2016 compared to 2015, resulting in lower assessments. Refer to “Federal Deposit Insurance Assessments” above).  All other expenses are reflective of the general cost to do business and compete in the current regulatory environment and maintain adequate insurance coverage.  FINANCIAL CONDITION  Sources and Uses of Funds  The Bank’s financial condition can be evaluated in terms of trends in its sources and uses of funds.  The comparison of average balances in Table 3 below indicates how the Bank has managed these elements.  Average funding uses increased approximately $3,881,000, or 6.80%, in 2016 compared to 2015.   Table 3—Sources and Use of Funds Trends 20162015IncreaseIncreaseAverage(decrease)Average(decrease)(Dollars in thousands)BalanceamountPercentBalanceamountPercentFunding uses:Loans$39,538$(2,565)(6.09)%$42,103$(1,747)(3.98)%Investment securities6,828(968)(12.42)7,796(1,964)(20.12)Interest-bearing balances with other banks311--31120.65Federal funds sold6,494(348)(5.09)6,8422,94575.57Total uses$53,171$ (3,881)(6.80)$57,052$ (764)Funding sources:Demand deposits:Noninterest-bearing$ 16,105$3962.52%$15,709$7765.20%Interest-bearing13,297(461)(3.35)13,758(556)(3.88)Savings deposits11,590(369)(3.09)11,959(565)(4.51)Time deposits11,724(3,207)(21.48)14,931(439)(2.86)Total sources$52,716$ 3,641(6.46)$56,357$(784)   Investment Securities and Other Short-Term Investments  The Bank’s investment portfolio is classified as available-for-sale.  Investments classified as available-for-sale are those investments the Bank intends to hold for an indefinite amount of time, but not necessarily to maturity, and are carried at fair value, with the unrealized holding gains and losses reported as a component of shareholders’ equity on the balance sheet. Average investment securities decreased approximately $968,000, or 12.42%, in 2016 compared to 2015. The decrease is primarily related to increased loan origination activity coupled with monthly paydowns in the mortgage-backed security portfolio.  27   The yield on the investment portfolio improved to 2.23% for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to 2.30% for the year ended December 31, 2015 as a result of a reduction in prepayment speeds on mortgage-backed securities that were purchased at a premium. As reflected in Table 4 below, the duration of the portfolio has lengthened to 6.14 years at December 31, 2016 compared to 3.70 years at December 31, 2015.  At December 31, 2016, 43% of the investment portfolio consisted of callable agency securities for which there was no call activity during the year because of the continued low interest rate environment.  Approximately 57% of the portfolio consists of GSE mortgage-backed pass-through securities.  The payments of principal and interest on these pools of GSE loans are guaranteed by these entities that bear the risk of default.  The Bank’s risk is prepayment risk when defaults accelerate the repayment activity.  These loans have longer-term contractual maturities but are sometimes paid off/down before maturity or have repricing characteristics that occur before final maturity. Management’s goal is to maintain a portfolio with a relatively short duration to allow for adequate cash flow to fund loan origination activity and to manage interest rate risk.   Table 4—Analysis of Investment Securities  Within one yearAfter one but
within five yearsAfter five but
within ten yearsAfter ten years(Dollars in thousands)AmountYieldAmountYieldAmountYieldAmountYieldTotalOther government securities$   --%$   --%$2,2681.94%$        --    %$2,268Money market funds--130Mortgage-backed securities--3,1802.70-3,180Total securities$   -$   -$5,4482.38$       -$5,578Average maturity6.14years  The above table sets forth the maturities of investment securities at December 31, 2016 and the weighted average yields of such securities (calculated on the basis of the cost and effective yields weighted for the scheduled maturity of each security).   Loans  Average loans, including loans held-for-sale, decreased approximately $2,565,000, or 6.09%, in 2016 compared to 2015.  Although there were new loan originations they were offset by paydowns and sales because of the Bank’s SBA originate/sell strategy that allows funding to revolve. There continue to be a significant number of small businesses in the region that fall below minimum business loan levels of the money center banks in the region which provides an opportunity for the Bank to continue to grow its SBA lending as a niche business. Over the last three years, the Bank validated its small business lending strategy with more than $13 million in SBA loan originations.  Management will continue to work in alliance with its third party SBA loan origination group (IFS), commercial real estate brokers, community development organizations, SBA brokers, and other centers of influence to build loan volume.  The Bank’s consumer and residential mortgage loan portfolios continue to decline as a result of residential mortgages and home equity repayment activity as consumers refinance to take advantage of the continued low interest rate environment.  The Bank does not originate residential mortgage loans and made a strategic shift in its lending program in 2012 to phase out consumer lending, including home equity loans and lines of credit.  As reflected in Table 5 below, the Bank’s loan portfolio is concentrated in commercial loans that comprise approximately $23.6 million, or 88.1%, of total loans at December 31, 2016. Approximately $14 million of these loans are secured by owner occupied commercial real estate that may serve to minimize the risk of loss. The Bank continues to have a strong niche in lending to religious organizations, including construction loans, for which total loans at December 31, 2016 were $9.3 million, or 24%, of the commercial portfolio. Management closely monitors this concentration to proactively identify and manage credit risk in light of the somewhat high level of unemployment that may impact the tithes and offerings that provide cash flow for repayment.  Further balance in concentrations will be sought through increased small business loan originations.  As reflected in Table 6 below, approximately $5 million, or 19%, of the Bank’s loan portfolio has scheduled maturities or repricing in five years or more.  This position is largely a result of the increase in the SBA commercial real estate portfolio for which the loans typically have twenty-five year terms but are variable rate.  While scheduled maturities exceed five years, the actual duration of the portfolio may be much shorter because of changes in market  28   conditions and refinancing activity.  Table 5—Loans Outstanding, Net of Unearned Income  December 31,(Dollars in thousands)20162015201420132012Commercial and industrial$2,150$3,062$4,635$3,863$3,734Commercial real estate21,48826,41431,55632,96231,381Residential mortgage loans1,4141,9242,2282,7093,140Consumer loans1,7842,1192,4422,7303,247Total loans$26,836$33,519$40,861$42,264$41,502   Table 6—Loan Maturities and Repricing(Dollars in thousands)Within
one yearAfter one but
within five yearsAfter
five yearsTotalCommercial and industrial$ 1,440$    522$188$2,150Commercial real estate7,89310,3203,27521,488Residential mortgage loans457818761,414Consumer loans9951326571,784Total loans$ 10,785$11,055$4,996$26,836Loans maturing after one year with:Fixed interest rates$   3,171Variable interest rates$  12,880   Nonperforming Loans  Table 7 reflects the Bank’s nonperforming and restructured loans for the last five years.  The Bank generally determines a loan to be “nonperforming” when interest or principal is past due 90 days or more.  The loan is also placed on nonaccrual status at that time.  If it otherwise appears doubtful that the loan will be repaid, management may consider the loan to be nonperforming before the lapse of 90 days. The Bank’s policy is to charge off unsecured loans after 90 days past due.  Interest on nonperforming loans ceases to accrue except for loans that are well collateralized and in the process of collection.  When a loan is placed on nonaccrual, previously accrued and unpaid interest is generally reversed out of income.   Table 7—Nonperforming Loans  (Dollars in thousands)20162015201420132012Nonaccrual loans$2,087$3,003$2,481$2,190$2,584Impaired loans2,0832,5152,0051,8822,344Loans past due 90 days and still accruing632293171730211Interest income on nonaccrual loans included in net income for the year3817211239Interest income that would have been recorded under original terms156154152144169Interest income recognized on impaired loans26177339  At December 31, 2016, nonaccrual loans totaled approximately $2,087,000 compared to approximately $3,003,000 at December 31, 2015.  The decrease in nonaccrual loans is attributable to collection activity as well as charge-offs totaling approximately $68,000.  Management continues to work to reduce the level of classified and impaired loans. Forbearance, foreclosure and/or other appropriate collection methods will be used as necessary.  A significant portion of the Bank’s nonaccrual loans have real estate collateral that may help to mitigate potential losses. Management continues to actively work with these borrowers to develop suitable repayment plans.  Loans past due 90 days and still accruing at December 31, 2016 totaled approximately $632,000 and relate primarily to several commercial loans and a home equity loan for which no loss of principal or interest is anticipated  29   because there is strong collateral and guarantees supporting repayment.  The level of classified loans (including impaired loans) decreased to approximately $2,984,000 at December 31, 2016 from approximately $4,332,000 at December 31, 2015. The decrease is primarily attributable to collection of $186,000 on a religious organization loans as well as charge-off and payment activity.  In general, classified loans possess potential weaknesses/deficiencies deserving management’s closer attention.  If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects at some future date.  Some of these borrowers may be experiencing adverse operating trends, which potentially could impair debt, services capacity but secondary sources of repayment are accessible and considered adequate to cover the Bank's exposure.  Accordingly, a specific reserve has been allocated to cover potential exposure. Management is working proactively with these borrowers to prevent any further deterioration in credit quality.  Impaired loans totaled approximately $2,083,000 at December 31, 2016 compared to $2,515,000 at December 31, 2015.  The Bank identifies a loan as impaired when it is probable that interest and principal will not be collected according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  The valuation allowance associated with impaired loans was approximately $49,000 and $91,000, at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  The allowance was determined based on careful review and analysis including collateral liquidation values and/or guarantees and is deemed adequate to cover shortfalls in loan repayment    The decrease in impaired loans during 2016 is primarily a result of collection and charge-off activity.  Management is working aggressively to resolve the potential credit risk associated with its impaired loans by detailing specific payment requirements including the sale of underlying collateral or obtaining take-out financing.  The commercial loan portfolio of the Bank has a concentration in loans made to religious organizations. From inception, the Bank has received support in the form of investments and deposits and has developed strong relationships with the Philadelphia region’s religious community.  Loans made to these organizations are primarily for expansion and repair of church facilities.  At December 31, 2016 and 2015, loans to religious organizations represented approximately $195,000 and $471,000, respectively, of total impaired loans. The improvement during 2016 is related to repayment activity.  Management works closely with its attorneys and the leadership of these organizations in an attempt to develop suitable repayment plans to avoid foreclosure.  In general, loans to religious organizations are being monitored closely to proactively identify potential weaknesses in this area of high concentration.  The Bank grants commercial loans to customers primarily located in Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania and surrounding counties in the Delaware Valley.  Although the Bank has a diversified loan portfolio, its debtors’ ability to honor their contracts is influenced by the region’s economy.  Interest income recognized on impaired loans during the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 was approximately $26,000 and $17,000, respectively. The Bank recognizes income on impaired loans under the cash basis when the loans are both current and the collateral on the loan is sufficient to cover the outstanding obligation to the Bank.   If these factors do not exist, the Bank will not recognize income on such loans. The Bank may modify or restructure the terms of certain loans to provide relief to borrowers. Troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”).  TDRs occur when a creditor, for economic or legal reasons related to a debtor’s financial condition, grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider, such as a below market interest rate, extending the maturity of a loan, or a combination of both. The Company made modifications to certain loans in its commercial loan portfolio that included the term out of lines of credit to begin the amortization of principal.  The terms of these loans do not include any financial concessions and are consistent with the current market.  Management reviews all loan modifications to determine whether the modification qualifies as a troubled debt restructuring (i.e. whether the creditor has been granted a concession or is experiencing financial difficulties).  Based on this review and evaluation, none of the loans modified during 2016 and 2015 met the criteria of a troubled debt restructuring.  The Company had no loans classified as TDRs troubled debt restructurings at December 31, 2016 and 2015. Allowance for Loan Losses  The determination of the allowance for loan losses involves a higher degree of judgment and complexity than its other significant accounting policies. The allowance is the accumulation of three components that are calculated based on various independent methodologies that are based on management’s estimates.  The three components are as follows:  30     ·Specific Loan Evaluation Component – Includes the specific evaluation of impaired loans. ·Historical Charge-Off Component – Applies an annualized rolling, eight-quarter historical charge-off rate to all pools of non-impaired loans. ·Qualitative Factors Component – The loan portfolio is broken down into multiple homogenous sub classifications, upon which multiple factors (such as delinquency trends, economic conditions, concentrations, growth/volume trends, and management/staff ability) are evaluated, resulting in an allowance amount for each of the sub classifications. The sum of these amounts comprises the Qualitative Factors Component.  All of these factors may be susceptible to significant change.   During 2016, the Bank reduced several of its qualitative factors in the commercial real estate segment of the loan portfolio for which it has not experienced losses or charge-offs.  Also, because the Bank is generally not originating commercial and industrial loans, the growth/volume trend factor was reduced. In general, because of the improving economy as evidenced through sustained reductions in the unemployment rates, the economic conditions factor was reduced for all categories of loans. To the extent actual outcomes differ from management’s estimates, additional provisions for loan losses may be required that would adversely impact earnings in future periods.   Management believes that the allowance for loan losses is adequate at December 31, 2016.  While available information is used to recognize losses on loans, future additions may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions.  In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Bank’s allowance for loan losses.  Such agencies may require the Bank to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments of information available to them at the time of the examination.  (Refer to Note 4 of the financial statements for further details on the allowance for loan losses.)  Table 8 below presents the allocation of loan losses by major category for the past five years.  The specific allocations in any particular category may prove to be excessive or inadequate and consequently may be reallocated in the future to reflect the current conditions. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans was 1.12% at December 31, 2016 and 1.24% at December 31, 2015. The reduction in the allowance is related to the charge-off of loans totaling approximately $68,000 for which specific reserves totaling $41,000 that were previously allocated.   In addition, majority of new loan originations are SBA loans for which the Bank utilizes fair value accounting and are therefore excluded from the allowance calculation.  Table 8—Allocation of Allowance for Loan Losses  20162015201420132012Percent
of loans
in each
category
toPercent
of loans
in each
category toPercent
of loans
in each
category toPercent
of loans
in each
category toPercent
of loans
in each
category toAmountTotal loansAmountTotal loansAmounttotal loansAmounttotal loansAmounttotal loans  (Dollars in thousands)Commercial and industrial$ 6837.00%$1519.13%$40311.30%$48310.09%$8359.00%Commercial real estate17956.6725078.8030077.2628077.1836475.62Consumer real estate103.0085.74208.07599.15-11.12Consumer and other  loans113.3396.33123.37173.5854.26Unallocated32---------$300100%$418100.00%$735100.00%$839100.00%$1,204100.00%  31     Table 9—Analysis of Allowance for Loan Losses  Year ended December 31,(Dollars in thousands)20162015201420132012Balance at January 1$ 418$ 735$839$1,204$867Charge-offs:Commercial and industrial-(259)(253)(524)(56)Commercial real estate(41)(3)---Consumer real estate(22)-(19)(5)(80)Consumer and other loans(5)(17)(30)(10)(21)(68)(279)(302)(539)(157)Recoveries:Commercial loans4443-Commercial real estate---788Consumer real estate968917Consumer and other loans620249161930369941Net charge-offs(49)(249)(266)(440)(116)Provisions (credits) charged to operations(69)(68)16275453Balance at December 31$300$418$735$839$1,204Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding-0.12%0.59%0.61%1.04%0.28%  Deposits  In 2016, average deposits decreased approximately $4,000,000 or 6.46%, concentrated in the category of time deposits that declined by approximately $3,000,000 or 21.48%, in 2016 compared to 2015.  In general, the Bank has experienced attrition in its average savings account balances.  In addition, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania shortened the period for the escheatment of dormant accounts from 7 to 5 years that resulted in an increased level of qualifying savings accounts that were closed and transferred to the state.  In 2016, certificates of deposit decreased approximately $3,000,000 or 21.48%, as a result of the maturity of several corporate deposits.  In general, the Bank is not seeking certificates of deposit from its corporate customers as they generally carry a higher cost and are more labor intensive because of rollover negotiations and setup.  Money market accounts are preferred because of their core nature as well as their flexibility and lower cost.  At year-end 2015, the Bank had approximately $6.0 million governmental or quasi-governmental certificate of deposit relationships.  In January 2016, the Bank returned $2.5 million of a $5 million City of Philadelphia certificate of deposit to de-leverage as well as enhance its liquidity position as this deposit requires collateralization of 103%.  Management proactively communicates with agency officials to avoid further reduction in account balances.  There was an increase in average noninterest bearing demand deposits totaling approximately $396,000, or 2.52%, and a decrease in average interest-bearing demand deposits of approximately $461,000, or 3.35%, during 2016 compared to 2015. As small business loans are originated, primary operating accounts are required to be maintained at the Bank which has resulted in increased non-interest bearing checking deposits that are deemed core.   32     Table 10—Average Deposits by Class  201620152014(Dollars in thousands)AmountRateAmountRateAmountRateNoninterest-bearing demand deposits$16,105- %$15,709- %$14,933-%Interest-bearing demand deposits13,2970.1813,7580.1814,3140.19Savings deposits11,5900.0511,9590.0512,5240.05Time deposits11,7240.3114,9310.2515,3700.26  Other Borrowed Funds  The Bank did not borrow funds during 2016.  Generally, the level of other borrowed funds is dependent on many items such as loan growth, deposit growth, customer collateral/security requirements and interest rates paid for these funds.  The Bank’s liquidity has been enhanced by loan paydowns/payoffs and SBA loan sales—thereby, reducing the need to borrow. The Bank’s contingent funding source is the Discount Window at the Federal Reserve Bank for which it currently has $750,000 in securities pledged that result in borrowing capacity of approximately $700,000.  Off Balance Sheet Arrangements  The Bank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers.  These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and letters of credit, which are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the performance of an obligation of a customer to a third party.  Both arrangements have credit risk essentially the same as that involved in extending loans and are subject to the Bank’s normal credit policies.  Collateral may be obtained based on management’s assessment of the customer. The Bank’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instruments is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments.  A summary of the Bank’s financial instrument commitments in thousands is as follows: 20162015Commitments to extend credit$3,526$5,903Outstanding standby letters of credit317333  Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract and unused credit card lines.  Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.  Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee.  Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party.  The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.  The decrease in commitments at December 31, 2016 compared to 2015 is primarily related to loan funding activity and the completion of construction-related loans during the year. Management believes the Bank has adequate liquidity to support the funding of unused commitments.  In addition, because the Bank utilizes an originate/sell SBA loan strategy, funds will revolve on an ongoing basis to support the Bank’s liquidity levels and loan funding requirements.  Liquidity and Interest Rate Sensitivity Management  The primary functions of asset/liability management are to assure adequate liquidity and maintain appropriate balance between interest-sensitive earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.  Liquidity management involves the ability to meet cash flow requirements of customers who may be either depositors wanting to withdraw funds or borrowers needing assurance that sufficient funds will be available to meet their credit needs.  Interest rate sensitivity management seeks to avoid fluctuating net interest margins and enhance consistent growth of net interest income  33   through periods of changing interest rates.  The Bank must maintain minimum levels of liquid assets.  This requirement is evaluated in relation to the composition and stability of deposits; the degree and trend of reliance on short-term, volatile sources of funds, including any undue reliance on particular segments of the money market or brokered deposits; any difficulty in obtaining funds; and the liquidity provided by securities and other assets.  In addition, consideration is given to the nature, volume and anticipated use of commitments; the adequacy of liquidity and funding policies and practices, including the provision for alternate sources of funds; and the nature and trend of off-balance-sheet activities.  As of December 31, 2016, management believes the Bank’s liquidity is satisfactory.  The Bank's principal sources of asset liquidity include investment securities consisting principally of U.S. Government and agency issues, particularly those of shorter maturities, and mortgage-backed securities with monthly repayments of principal and interest.  Other types of assets such as federal funds sold, as well as maturing loans, are also sources of liquidity.  Approximately $10.8 million in loans are scheduled to mature within one year.  By policy, the Bank’s minimum level of liquidity is 6.00% of total assets.  At December 31, 2016, the Bank had total short-term liquidity, including cash, federal funds sold, and unpledged available-for-sale investment securities of approximately $8.9 million, or 16.69%, compared to $11.3 million, or 19.12%, at December 31, 2015. The decrease is primarily a result of loans funding and certificate of deposit reduction for the city of Philadelphia.  The Bank’s entire securities portfolio is classified as available-for-sale of which approximately 93% are pledged as collateral for deposits of governmental/quasi-governmental agencies as well as the Discount Window at the Federal Reserve Bank.  Therefore, they are restricted from use to fund loans or to meet other liquidity requirements.  To ensure the ongoing adequacy of liquidity, the following strategies will be utilized in order of priority:  ·Seek additional non-public deposits from new and existing private sector customers ·Sell participations of existing commercial credits to other financial institutions  While management continues to seek additional non-public core deposits to support ongoing loan demand, liquidity levels have been adequate.  As a result, it was not necessary to sell loan participations to other institutions.  The Bank’s contingent funding sources  include the Discount Window at the Federal Reserve Bank for which it currently has $750,000 in securities pledged that result in borrowing capacity of approximately $700,000.  The Bank’s overall liquidity has generally been stabilized by a high level of core deposits which management has determined are less sensitive to interest rate movements.  The Bank has avoided reliance on large-denomination time deposits as well as brokered deposits.  Table 11 provides a breakdown of the maturity of time deposits of $100,000 or more.  These deposits include $3.5 million in deposits of governmental and quasi-governmental organizations that have short-term maturities.  Liquidity ratios are above the Bank’s policy minimum of 6%. Management will closely monitor and manage liquidity to minimize risk and ensure that adequate funds are available to meet daily customer requirements and loan demand.  Table 11—Maturity of Time Deposits of $100,000 or More  (Dollars in thousands)December 31, 2016Contractual Terms3 months or less$4,563Over 3 through 6 months-Over 6 months through 1 year1,239Over 1 through five years492Over five years-Total$6,294  34    The following table sets forth contractual obligations and other commitments representing required and potential cash outflows as of December 31, 2016:  Table 12—Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments  (Dollars in thousands)TotalLess than one yearOne to three yearsFour to five yearsAfter five yearsCertificates of Deposit$10,411$9,329$   938$  99$  46Operating Lease Obligations2,8424811,392420549Total$13,253$9,810$2,330$519$595  Interest rate sensitivity varies with different types of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.  Overnight federal funds on which rates change daily and loans that are tied to prime or other short-term indices differ considerably from long-term investment securities and fixed-rate loans.  Similarly, time deposits are much more interest-sensitive than passbook savings accounts.  The shorter-term interest rate sensitivities are key to measuring the interest sensitivity gap or excess interest-earning assets over interest-bearing liabilities.  Management of interest sensitivity involves matching repricing dates of interest-earning assets with interest-bearing liabilities in a manner designed to optimize net interest income within the limits imposed by regulatory authorities, liquidity determinations and capital considerations.  Table 13 sets forth the earliest repricing distribution of the Bank’s interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities at December 31, 2016, the Bank’s interest rate sensitivity gap ratio (i.e., excess of interest rate-sensitive assets over interest rate-sensitive liabilities, divided by total assets) and the Bank’s cumulative interest rate sensitivity gap ratio.  For purposes of the table, except for savings deposits, an asset or liability is considered rate-sensitive within a specified period when it matures or could be repriced within such period in accordance with its contractual terms.  At December 31, 2016, an asset-sensitive position is maintained on a cumulative basis through one year of 9.4% and represents a decrease from the December 31, 2015 positive gap position of 17.28%. This decrease is primarily related to the reduction in Federal Funds sold because of the reduction in deposit. This level is within the Bank’s policy guidelines of +/-15% on a cumulative one-year basis and it makes the Bank’s net interest income more favorable in a rising interest rate environment. The most recent economic forecast suggests no further decline in rates but rather increases.  Therefore, management does not believe the interest rate risk associated with the Bank’s current position to be significant.  Management will continue review and monitor the structure and rates on investment purchases, new loan originations and renewals to manage the interest rate risk profile within acceptable limits.  For purposes of the gap analysis, 50% of such deposits (savings, MMA, NOW) which do not have definitive maturity dates and do not readily react to changes in interest rates have been placed in longer repricing intervals versus immediate repricing time frames, making the analysis more reflective of the Bank’s historical experience.  35    Table 13—Interest Sensitivity Analysis  Interest rate sensitivity gaps as of December 31, 2016(Dollars in thousands)FloatingOne to3 MonthsOver 3
Through
12monthsOver 1 year  through
3 yearsOver 3 through5 yearsOver
5 yearsCumulativeInterest-sensitive assets:Interest-bearing deposits with banks$    -$       -$  311$     -$      -$     -$      311Investment securities-1,4074243012393,0785,449Federal funds sold5,229-----5,229Loans19,0613,2175,6284,9391,1692,73636,749Total interest-sensitive assets24,2904,6246,3635,2401,4085,81447,738Interest-sensitive liabilities:Interest-bearing checking accounts2,931--600--3,531Savings and money market accounts18,526--3,795--22.321Certificates  $100,000 or more-4,5631,239492--6,294Certificates of less than $100,000-1,5202,007446144-4,117Total interest-sensitive liabilities21,4576,0833,2465,333144-36,263Interest sensitivity gap$  2,833$(1,459)$3,117$(93)$1,264$5,814$11,475Cumulative gap$  2,833$1,373$4,490Cumulative gap/total earning assets5.93%2.88%9.4%Cumulative Interest-sensitive assets
to interest-sensitive Liabilities1.131.051.15 Core deposits such as checking and savings deposits have been placed in repricing intervals based on historical trends and management’s estimates.  Nonaccrual loans are not included in the interest-sensitive asset totals.  While using the interest sensitivity gap analysis is a useful management tool as it considers the quantity of assets and liabilities subject to repricing in a given time period, it does not consider the relative sensitivity to market interest rate changes that are characteristic of various interest rate-sensitive assets and liabilities.  Consequently, even though the Bank currently has a positive gap position because of unequal sensitivity of these assets and liabilities, management believes this position will not materially impact earnings in a changing rate environment.  For example, changes in the prime rate on variable commercial loans may not result in an equal change in the rate of money market deposits or short-term certificates of deposit.  A simulation model is therefore used to estimate the impact of various changes, both upward and downward, in market interest rates and volumes of assets and liabilities on the net income of the Bank over a two year period.  The calculated estimates of net interest income or “earnings” at risk at December 31, 2016 are as follows:  Year 1  Net interestPercent ofChanges in rateIncome($)Risk(%)(Dollars in thousands)+400 basis points2,3733.20+300 basis points2,3602.63+200 basis points2,3451.99+100 basis points2,3291.28Flat rate2,300--100 basis points2,068(10.06)-200 basis points1,819(20.89)-300 basis points1,573(31.59)-400 basis points1,326(42.36)  36     Year 2  Net interestPercent ofChanges in rateIncome($)Risk(%)(Dollars in thousands)+400 basis points4,8746.03+300 basis points4,8184.80+200 basis points4,7573.48+100 basis points4,6922.07Flat rate4,597--100 basis points4,085(11.13)-200 basis points3,526(23.29)-300 basis points2,976(35.26)-400 basis points2,421(47.33)   A simulation model is also used to estimate the impact of various changes, both upward and downward, in market interest rates and volumes of assets and liabilities on the economic value of the Bank.  This model produces an interest rate exposure report that measures the long-term rate risks in the balance sheet by valuing the Bank’s assets and liabilities at market.  It simulates what amount would be left over if the Bank liquidated its assets and liabilities.  This is otherwise known as “economic value” of the capital of the Bank.  The calculated estimates of economic value at risk at December 31, 2016 are as follows:   MV of equityChanges in rateMV equity($)Risk change(%)(Dollars in thousands)+400 basis points1,162(49.5)+300 basis points1,357(41.0)+200 basis points1,622(29.5)+100 basis points1,904(17.2)Flat rate2,299--100 basis points2,55811.2-200 basis points2,80922.2-300 basis points3,05232.7-400 basis points3,28843.0   The market value of equity may be impacted by the composition of the Bank’s assets and liabilities.  A shift in the level of variable versus fixed rate assets creates swings in the market value of equity.  The Bank’s market value of equity declines in a rising rate environment because of the high level of fixed rate loans and investments it has in its portfolio that do not follow market rate changes or re-price immediately.  At December 31, 2016, the change in the market value of equity in a +200 basis point interest rate change is -29.5%, in excess of the Bank’s policy limit of 25% and -49.5% in a +400 basis point interest rate change, within the policy limit of 50%. These levels represent similar changes from 2015.  Management is strategically working to bring this measure more into compliance with policy limits by originating more variable rate loans or structure short maturity balloon mortgages.  Although the economic value of equity is in excess of policy on the +200 basis point rate change, interest-rate exposure is considered reasonable and manageable at December 31, 2016.  The assumptions used in evaluating the vulnerability of the Bank’s earnings and equity to changes in interest rates are based on management’s consideration of past experience, current position and anticipated future economic conditions.  The interest sensitivity of the Bank’s assets and liabilities, as well as the estimated effect of changes in interest rates on the earnings and equity, could vary substantially if different assumptions are used or actual experience differs from the assumptions on which the calculations were based.  In today’s uncertain economic times, the result of the Bank’s simulation models is even more uncertain.  37   Capital Resources  Total shareholders’ equity decreased approximately $20,000, or 0.74%, in 2016 compared to 2015. The decrease is attributable to a net income of approximately $25,000 that was offset by other comprehensive loss related to an increase in the unrealized losses on the securities classified as available-for-sale totaling approximately $45,000. The critical importance of establishing and maintaining capital levels to support the Bank’s risk profile and growth is understood.  A concentrated effort continues to be made to stabilize and strengthen the Bank’s capital through the generation of core profitability from Bank operations and external investment utilizing investment bankers. Although there are many prospects, no capital was raised in 2016.  Federal and state banking laws impose on financial institutions such as UBS and the Bank certain minimum requirements for capital adequacies which is discussed under “Supervision and Regulation on page 7.  As indicated in Table 14, the UBS and the Bank are currently “adequately capitalized” but below the requirements of the new rule to be “well capitalized” and the requirements of the Consent Orders. Management has developed a Capital Plan that includes profitability and external investment to improve its capital ratios.   UBS and the Bank do not anticipate paying dividends in the near future.  Table 14—Capital Ratios December 31, 2016December 31, 2015 (In 000’s)ActualMinimum to be Well CapitalizedActualMinimum to be Well Capitalized AmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatioTotal (Tier II) capital to risk weighted assets:Company$2,8979.08%N/A$3,0818.50%N/ABank2,8979.083,19010.00%3,0818.50$3,62310.00%Tier I capital to risk weighted assetsCompany2,5978.14N/A2,6637.35N/ABank2,5978.142,0748.00%2,6637.35$2,8998.00%Common equity Tier I capital to risk weighted assetsCompany2,5978.14N/A2,6637.35N/ABank2,5978.142,0746.50%2,6637.35$2,3556.50%Tier I Leverage ratio (Tier I capital to total quarterly average assets)Company2,5974.82N/A2,6634.57N/ABank2,5974.822,6925.00%2,6634.57$2,9155.00%Tangible common equity to tangible assetsCompany2,5974.82N/AN/A2,6634.52N/AN/ABank2,5974.82N/AN/A2,6634.52N/AN/A   ITEM 7A — QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK  The quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risks are included in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the following sections:  Liquidity and Interest Rate Sensitivity Management, Net Interest Income, Provision for Loan Losses, Allowance for Loan Losses, Liquidity and Interest Rate Sensitivity Management, Non-Interest Income, Non-Interest Expense, Non-Performing Loans, and Off Balance Sheet Arrangements.  ITEM 8 — FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA  See Consolidated Financial Statements on pages 59 to 99 hereof.  ITEM 9 — CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE  There were no changes in or disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure during the year ended December 31, 2016.  38   ITEM 9A—CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES  (a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The management of the Company, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, has conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-14 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as of the end of the period covered by this Report (the “Evaluation Date”). A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute insurance, that it will detect or uncover failures within the Company to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in the Company’s periodic and annual reports.  Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of the end of the period covered by this report due to the material weakness described below.  (b) Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under the supervision and with the participation of principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on our evaluation under the framework, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2016 due to the material weakness described below. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of interim or annual financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by the company’s internal controls.  Based on our evaluation under the framework, management has concluded that material weaknesses existed in the internal controls as of December 31, 2016 in connection with credit administration matters and the timeliness of financial reporting related to the identification and support for asset quality matters that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.  To address the material weaknesses, we have established the following procedures: (1) Implement a new credit administration monitoring system for items requiring follow-up/annual reviews; (2) Implement an appraisal monitoring procedure for all impaired loans; and (3) Together with credit administration in conjunction with monthly Asset Quality Committee Meetings, identify and provide appropriate supporting documentation for material asset quality-related matters that could affect the consolidated financial statements of the Company.  Management believes that this change will address material weaknesses in the financial controls that was in existence as of December 31, 2016. Additional changes will be implemented as determined necessary.  Although our remediation efforts have been implemented, our material weaknesses will not be considered remediated until new internal controls are operational for a period of time and are tested, and management concludes that these controls are operating effectively.  (c) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the final fiscal quarter of the year to which this Report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act which permits small reporting companies, such as the Company, to provide only management’s report in this annual report.  39     ITEM 9B—OTHER INFORMATION  Grant--On April 30, 2019, the Company received a $2.5MM unrestricted grant from Philadelphia Industrial Development Corporation (PIDC) for the purpose of expansion the lending platform and strengthening the financial condition of the Bank.   The Bank and PIDC plans to expand its long-standing partnership to finance small businesses in the Philadelphia region.  This grant was recorded as noninterest income and served to improve all of the Bank’s capital ratios.  PART III  ITEM 10 — DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  The following table sets forth certain biographical information.  Other than as indicated below, each of the persons named below has been employed in their present principal occupation for the past five years.  (a)Directors of the Registrant and Bank  Year firstTermNameAgePrincipal occupation and
other directorshipsbecame
directorWill
expireBernard E. Anderson80Economist
Whitney M. Young, Jr. Professor Emeritus
Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania20022018(1)Philadelphia, PADavid R. Bright78Retired, Executive Vice PresidentMeridian Bancorp20022022Philadelphia, PAL. Armstead Edwards75Chairman of the Board,19932020United Bancshares, Inc.Owner and President,Edwards Entertainment., Inc.Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaMarionette Y. Wilson(Frazier)72Retired as co-Founder, John Frazier, Inc.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19962020William B. Moore75Vice Chairman of the Board,United Bancshares, Inc.Pastor, Tenth Memorial19932019Baptist ChurchPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaEvelyn F. Smalls73President and CEO of Registrant20002019and United Bank of PhiladelphiaErnest L. Wright89Founder, President and19932020CEO of Ernest L. WrightConstruction CompanyPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania (b)Executive Officers of Registrant and Bank  NameAgeOfficeEvelyn F. Smalls73President and Chief Executive OfficerBrenda M. Hudson-Nelson57Executive Vice President/Chief Financial Officer (1)Term will be in effect until voted upon for re-election at the next Shareholders’ Meeting  BOARD OF DIRECTORS QUALIFICATIONS  United Bank of Philadelphia has a very engaged and committed Board of Directors.  The board takes its governance responsibilities very seriously and challenges management to meet its targeted goals and objectives.  Currently, the board  40   has seven (7) outside directors and one (1) insider.  This leadership group has diverse experiences in business, banking, and community development that are important to fulfill their oversight responsibilities.  L. Armstead Edwards serves as Chairman and is one of two remaining founding members currently active on the board.  Mr. Edwards spent a number of years as an educator and small business owner.  He understands the plight of small business owners and combined with his experience in organizational dynamics, he brings a unique perspective to the role.  He chairs the Executive Committee and serves on the Asset Liability, Loan and Audit/Compliance Committees.  Mr. Edwards has encouraged deliberations to take place at the committee level so the board meeting can focus more on strategic initiatives and engage management on execution and performance measures.  Rev. William B. Moore is a founding member of the board and serves as Vice Chairman and is a member of the Executive and Audit/Compliance Committees.  The Chairman and Vice Chairman alternate in leading the board meetings.  Rev. Moore has a rich history in the faith community and has been the Senior Pastor of Tenth Memorial Baptist Church for over 30 years. He serves as a strong catalyst in rallying the faith community to support the Bank which is evidenced with the high percentage of loans to churches in the loan portfolio.  Rev. Moore also leads an informal Advisory Group of Pastors who offer advice to the Bank’s management regarding the financial needs of the urban community to continue to bridge the economic divide in the region.  As a former executive with a quasi-governmental agency, he has a broad based consistency and is very effective in building multi-sector coalitions to ensure economic inclusion.  Joseph T. Drennan,a director since 2004, serves as Treasurer of the Board and is Chairman of the Audit/Compliance Committee and member of the Executive and Asset Liability committees.  In addition, he has expertise in generally accepted accounting principles, financial statements, and internal control over financial reporting, as well as an understanding of audit committee functions.  Mr. Drennan has over 30 years banking experience as an executive in commercial, consumer and strategic planning.  He is the former partner and Chief Financial Officer of Universal Capital Management, Inc. providing equity to start-up and emerging companies. Mr. Drennan retired on March 12, 2018.  Marionette Y. Wilson a director since 1993 serves as Secretary of the Boardand member of the Executive and Asset Liability Committees.  Prior to her retirement, Ms. Wilson was co-founder of a construction management company and her expertise in this area is very helpful as the Bank works to provide financing to emerging contractors in the region.  In addition, she is a leader in the faith community and has been instrumental in directing relationships to the Bank.  Evelyn F. Smalls serves as an inside director since 2000 when she was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer of the Bank.  She serves on the Executive, Asset Liability and Loan Committees.  Ms. Smalls brings versatile skills with over 25 years’ experience in banking and community and economic development know-how.  Her leadership is propelled by her passion to move more inner city communities into the economic mainstream.  David R. Bright a retired Bank President has a rich history in commercial lending and credit administration.  Mr. Bright, a director since 2001, serves as Chairman of the Loan Committee and a member of the Executive Committee.  In addition, he brought to the Bank a keen knowledge of community reinvestment initiatives that can propel economic inclusion and impact. Mr. Bright’s community interests include his participation on a number of boards including Greater Philadelphia Urban Affairs Coalition, West Oak Lane Charter School, and Allegheny West CDC.  Dr. Bernard E. Andersona director since 2002 and chairs the Asset Liability Committee.  Dr. Anderson as an economist brings a dynamic perspective to the Bank as a retired Whitney E. Young, Jr., Professor of Management, The Wharton School, University of PennsylvaniaAs an Advisor to the Urban League of Philadelphia as well as the National Urban League, Dr. Anderson firmly believes that economic disparities among minority groups can be remediated through public and private policies aimed at expanding economic opportunity for all with the Philadelphia region specifically and across the country in general.  Ernest L. Wright a director since 1992 serves as member of the Loan and Asset Liability Committees.  His passion is sales and his expertise is in the construction field.  He is the proprietor of Wright Construction Management.  Mr. Wright was very helpful when the Bank upgraded its branch facilities by conceptualizing affordable designs and sharing his project management skills.  He has been instrumental in referring new clients to the Bank particularly from the faith and small business sectors.  41   CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  The Bylaws provide that a Board of Directors of not less than five (5) and not more than twenty-five (25) directors shall manage our business. The Board, as provided in the bylaws, is divided into four classes of directors: Class A, Class B, Class C and Class D, with each class being as nearly equal in number as possible. The Board of Directors has fixed the number of directors at nine (9), with three (3) members in Class A, one (1) member in Class B (vacant), three (3) members in Class C, and two (2) members in Class D.  Under UBS’ bylaws, persons elected by the Board of Directors to fill a vacancy on the Board serve as directors for the balance of the term of the director who that person succeeds.  Communicating with the Board of Directors  Shareholders may communicate with any UBS or Bank director or member of a Committee of the Board of Directors of UBS or the Bank by writing to United Bancshares, Inc., Attention: Board of Directors, P.O. Box 54212, Philadelphia, PA 19105.The written communications will be provided to Marionette Y. Wilson, a director and Secretary of the Board of Directors, who will determine the further distribution of the communications which are appropriate based on the nature of the information contained in the communications.  For example, communications concerning accounting internal controls and auditing matters will be shared with the Chairman of the Audit/Compliance Committee of UBS’ Board of Directors.  Code of Conduct  UBS and the Bank have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics ( the “Code”) that applies to all its directors, employees and officers and including its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer.  The Code meets the requirement of a code of ethics for UBS’ and the Bank’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer or persons performing similar functions under Item 406 of the SEC’s Regulation S-K.  Any amendments to the Code or any waivers of the Code for directors or executive officers will be disclosed promptly on a Form 8-K filed with the SEC or by any other means approved by the SEC.The Code complies with requirements of the Sarbanes – Oxley Act and the listing standards of NASDAQ and UBS provides a copy of the Code to each director, officer and employee.  Under our Code of Ethics, the Board is responsible for resolving any conflict of interest involving the directors, executive officers and senior financial officers.  The executive officers are responsible for resolving any conflict of interest involving any other officer or employee.  UBS will provide, without charge, a copy of its Code of Business Conduct and Ethics to any person who requests a copy of the Code.  A copy of the Code may be requested by writing to the President of UBS at United Bank of Philadelphia at 30 S. 15th Street, Suite 1200, Philadelphia, PA  19102.  Board Leadership Structure  The positions of the Board Chairman and President and Chief Executive Officer are held by two individuals.  The Board believes this structure is appropriate for UBS and the Bank because of the need for the Chairman to have independence in leading the Board of Directors to oversee and direct management and the President and CEO’s direct involvement in leading management of UBS and the Bank.   Directors’ Qualifications In considering any individual nominated to be a director on UBS’ and the Bank’s Board of Directors’, the Board of Directors considers a variety of factors, including whether the candidate is recommended by the Bank’s executive management and the Board’s Nominating Committee, the individual’s professional or personal qualifications, including business experience, education and community and charitable activities and the individual’s familiarity with the communities in which UBS or the Bank is located or is seeking to locate.  Risk Oversight  42   The Board of Directors establishes and revises policies to identify and manage various risks inherent in the business of the Company, and both directly and through its committees, periodically receives and reviews reports from management to ensure compliance with and evaluate the effectiveness of risk controls.  The President and Chief Executive Officer meets regularly with other senior officers to discuss strategy and risks facing UBS.  Senior management attends monthly Board meetings and is available to address any questions or concerns raised by the Board on risk-management-related and any other matters.  Each month the Board receives presentations from senior management on strategic matters and discusses significant challenges, risks and opportunities for UBS.  The Board has an active role, as a whole and also at the committee level, in overseeing management of UBS’ risks.  The Audit Committee assists the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities with respect to areas of financial reporting, internal controls and compliance with accounting regulatory requirements.Employees who oversee day-to-day risk management duties, including the Vice President/Chief Risk Officer and Compliance Officer, report their findings to the Audit Committee.  The Loan Committee of the Bank assists the Board with fulfilling its oversight responsibilities with respect to management of risks related to the Bank’s loan portfolio and its credit quality.  The Asset Liability Management Committee of the Bank assists the Board with fulfilling its oversight responsibilities with respect to management of interest risk and the Bank’s investment portfolio.  Nomination for Directors Section 3.4 of Article 3 UBS’ Bylaws provides that no shareholder shall be permitted to nominate a candidate for election as a director, unless such shareholder shall provide to the Secretary of UBS information about such candidate as is equivalent to the information concerning candidates nominated by the Board of Directors that was contained in the UBS Proxy Statement for the immediately preceding Annual Meeting of shareholders in connection with election of directors.  Such information consists of the name, age, any position or office held with UBS or the Bank, a description of any arrangement between the candidate and any other person(s), naming such persons pursuant to which he or she was nominated as a director, his/her principal occupation for the five (5) years prior to the meeting, the number of shares of UBS stock beneficially owned by the candidate and a description of any material transactions or series of transactions to which UBS or the Bank is a party and in which the candidate or any of his affiliates has a direct or indirect material interest, which description should specify the amount of the transaction and where practicable the amount of the candidates interest in the transaction.  Such information shall be provided in writing not less than one hundred twenty (120) days before the first anniversary preceding the annual meeting of UBS’ shareholders.  The Chairman of the Board of Directors is required to determine whether the director nominations have been made in accordance with the provisions of the UBS’ Bylaws, and if any nomination is defective, the nomination and any votes cast for the nominee(s) shall be disregarded.  The Nominating Committee’s process for identifying and evaluating nominees for director, including nominees recommended by security holders and for incumbent directors whose terms of office are set to expire, include review of the directors’ overall service during their terms, including meetings attended, level of participation, quality of performance, and contributions towards advancing UBS’s interests and enhancing shareholder value.  With respect to new directors, the procedure includes a review of the candidates’ biographical information and qualifications and a possible check of candidates’ references.  All potential candidates are interviewed by all members of the Committee and other members of the board.  Using this information, the committee evaluates the nominee and determines whether it should recommend to the board that the board nominate or elect to fill a vacancy with the prospective candidate.  The Committee believes the following qualifications must be met by a nominee:  a good character, have a reputation, personally and professionally, consistent with UBS’s image and reputation; be an active or former leaders of organizations; possess knowledge in the field of financial services; have an understanding of the Bank’s marketplace; be independent; be able to represent all of the shareholders; be willing to commit the necessary time to devote to board activities, and be willing to assume fiduciary responsibility. Policy for Attendance at Annual Meetings UBS has a policy requiring all of its directors to attend UBS’ annual meeting.  GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT UBS’ AND BANK’S BOARDS OF DIRECTORS  Director Independence  43   The Board of Directors of the Company and the Bank has determined that all of its members are independent and meet the independence requirements of National Association of Securities Dealers (“ NASDAQ”) except Evelyn F. Smalls.  Because Ms. Smalls is the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the Bank she is not independent as defined by NASDAQ. In determining the independence of its directors, other than Ms. Smalls, the Board of Directors considered routine banking transactions between the Bank and each of the directors, their family members and businesses with whom they are associated.  In each case, the Board of Directors determined that none of the transaction relationships or arrangements impaired the independence of the director. Meetings and Executive Sessions of Independent Directors  In 2016, the UBS’ and the Bank’s Board of Directors met at least monthly, except in August, and during 2016 held eleven (11) meetings.   The independent directors of UBS and the Bank Boards of Directors hold executive sessions on a regular basis, but, in any event, not less than twice a year.  During 2016, two (2) executive sessions were held.  Each director attended at least 75% of the Board meetings held during 2016, and the committee meetings held by each committee on which the director served, except Joseph T. Drennan, who attended 73% of the Board meetings.  Information About the Committees of the Boards of Directors of the Corporation and the Bank  The Committees of UBS’ Board of Directors are the Executive Committee, Audit/Compliance Committee, Compensation Committee and the Nominating Committee. The Corporation and the Bank have the same committees with the same members for each committee, except that the Bank also has an Asset Liability Management Committee and a Loan Committee.  Executive CommitteeThe Executive Committee, comprised of L. Armstead Edwards (Chairman), William B. Moore, Joseph T. Drennan, David R. Bright, Evelyn F. Smalls and Marionette Y. Wilson meets, when necessary, at the call of the Chairman, to exercise the authority and powers of the Board of Directors of the Corporation and the Bank at intervals between meetings of the Board of Directors insofar as may be permitted by law. The Executive Committee held eleven (11) meetings during 2016.  Compensation Committee.  The Compensation Committee is comprised of L. Armstead Edwards (Chairman), William B. Moore, Joseph T. Drennan, and Marionette Y. Wilson (Frazier).  The Committee meets to discuss compensation matters.  It annually reviews and approves corporate goals and objectives relevant to CEO compensation, evaluates the CEO’s performance in light of those goals and objectives and determines and approves the compensation and benefits to be paid or provided to Evelyn F. Smalls the President of UBS and Brenda M. Hudson-Nelson Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.  The Committee has the responsibility to review and provide recommendations to the full Board regarding compensation and benefit policies, plans and programs.  Each member of the Compensation Committee is independent as defined by NASDAQ. During 2016, the Compensation Committee held one (1) meeting to discuss the performance and compensation of the executive officers.  A copy of the Compensation Committee charter is not available on our website but can be found as Exhibit A to our Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on November 3, 2014.  Audit/Compliance CommitteeThe Audit/Compliance Committee of UBS’ Board of Directors is comprised of Joseph T. Drennan (Chairman), L. Armstead Edwards, Marionette Y. Wilson (Frazier) and William B. Moore, meets when necessary at the call of the Chairman. The Committee meets with the internal auditor to review audit programs and the results of audits of specific areas, as well as other regulatory compliance issues.  The Committee selects the independent registered public accounting firm. In addition, the Committee meets with UBS’ independent registered public accounting firm to review the results of the annual audit and other related matters as well as other regulatory compliance issues.   Each member of the Committee is “independent” as defined in the applicable listing standards of the NASDAQ. The Committee held four (4) meetings during 2016. The Audit Committee charter will be made available, without charge, upon written request by the shareholders of UBS to the corporate secretary of UBS.  A copy of the charter is not available on our website but can be found as Exhibit A to our Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on November 3, 2014.  Each member of the Audit/Compliance Committee is financially literate as defined by NASDAQ.  The Boards of Directors of the Company and the Bank have determined that Joseph T. Drennan is the “Financial Expert,” as defined in the Commission’s regulations.  The Compliance Committee was combined with the Audit Committee and is comprised of the same members.  44   On a quarterly basis compliance matters are addressed to include the review of regulatory compliance matters, the Bank’s compliance programs and the CRA Act activities.  Nominating Committee.The Nominating Committee, comprised of L. Armstead Edwards (Chairman), Ernest L. Wright, and Joseph T. Drennan meets at the call of the Chairman. The Committee is responsible for considering and recommending future director nominees to the Board of Directors of UBS and the Bank and the Committee is independent and meets the requirements for independence of NASDAQ. The Nominating Committee does not currently have a formal policy with respect to diversity.  However, in considering nominees for director, the Nominating Committee also considers the Board’s desire to be a diverse body with diversity reflecting gender, ethnic background and professional experience.  The Board and the Nominating Committee believe it is essential that the Board members represent diverse viewpoints. The Nominating Committee charter will be made available, without charge, upon written request by the shareholders of UBS to the corporate secretary of UBS. A copy of the charter is not available on our website but can be found as Exhibit A to our Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on November 3, 2014.  The Committee held one (1) meeting during 2016.  Asset Liability Management Committee.The Asset Liability Management Committee of the Bank, comprised of Bernard E. Anderson (Chairman), L. Armstead Edwards, Joseph T. Drennan, Evelyn F. Smalls and Ernest L. Wright meets, when necessary, at the call of the Chairman, to review and manage the Bank’s exposure to interest rate risk, market risk and liquidity risk. . During 2016, the Asset and Liability Management Committee held four (4) meetings.  Loan Committee.The Loan Committee of the Bank, comprised of David R. Bright (Chairman), L. Armstead Edwards, Evelyn F. Smalls, and Ernest Wright meets when necessary to review and approve loans that are $200,000 and over and to discuss other loan-related matters.  During 2016, the Loan Committee held ten (10) meetings.  Board of Directors Compensation  The normal non-officer director fee to be paid by the Bank is Three Hundred Fifty Dollars ($350) for attending each Board meeting and One Hundred Seventy-five Dollars ($175) per quarter for attending the Board of Directors’ Committee meetings. Directors’ fees are not paid to officer directors for attending Bank Board of Directors or Committee meetings. UBS does not pay any fees to any directors for attending UBS’ Board of Directors or Committee meetings.Effective April 1, 2002, the Board of Directors elected to waive all fees for an indefinite period of time.Therefore, no table summarizing the compensation paid to non-employee directors is required for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.  Audit Committee Report Management is responsible for the financial reporting process, including the system of internal controls, and for the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for auditing those financial statements. The Audit Committee’s responsibility is to monitor and review these processes, acting in an oversight capacity relying on the information provided to it and on the representations made by management and the independent registered accounting firm. In connection with the preparation and filing of UBS’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, the Audit Committee (i) reviewed and discussed the consolidated audited financial statements with our management, (ii) discussed with S.R. Snodgrass, P.C., our independent registered public accounting firm, the matters required to be discussed by the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) (United States), (iii) discussed the independence of   S.R. Snodgrass, P.C, and (iv) has received and reviewed the written disclosures and the letter from S.R. Snodgrass, P.C required by PCAOB Rule 3526 “Communication with Audit Committee Concerning Independence” regarding Snodgrass LLP’s communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence and has discussed with S.R. Snodgrass, P.C LLP, its independence.  Based on the review and discussions referred to above, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board of Directors that the audited consolidated financial statements be included in UBS’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2016 to be filed with the SEC.  UBS’ Audit Committee is composed of William B. Moore (Chairman), L. Armstead Edwards, and Marionette Y. Wilson who each endorsed this report.  45   Respectfully submitted: Joseph T. Drennan (Chairman), William B. Moore L. Armstead Edwards, Marionette Y. Wilson (Frazier)  46    UBS’S AND BANK’S EXECUTIVE OFFICERS  The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the current executive officers of UBS and Bank as of December 23, 2019:  Name, Principal Occupation and
Business Experience For Past 5 YearsAge as of
December 23, 2019Office with the UBS and/or BankUBS Stock
Beneficially
OwnedEvelyn F. Smalls(1)(2)73President and Chief Executive Officer and
Director of UBS and Bank500Brenda M. Hudson-Nelson (3)58Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
of UBS and Bank50  Footnote Information Concerning Executive Officers (1)Ms. Smalls was elected as a director and was appointed as President and Chief Executive Officer in June 2000. Prior to that, Ms. Smalls was Senior Vice President of Human Resources and Compliance from December 1993 to May 2000. (2)The President and Chief Executive Officer, currently Evelyn F. Smalls, acts as Trustee of certain voting trust agreements (the “Voting Trusts”) pursuant to which Fahnstock, Inc. deposited 5,209 shares of Common Stock of UBS. (3)Ms. Hudson-Nelson was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in June 2000. Prior to that, Ms. Hudson-Nelson was Vice President and Controller from January 1992 to May 2000.  In May 2002, Ms. Hudson-Nelson was promoted to Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.  SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE  Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires that UBS’ directors and executive officers file reports of their holdings of UBS’ Common Stock with the SEC. Based on UBS’ records and other information available to UBS believes that the SEC’s Section 16(a) reporting requirements applicable to UBS’ directors and executive officers were complied with for UBS’ fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.  ITEM 11 — EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION  The Compensation Committee is comprised of L. Armstead Edwards (Chairman of the Board), William B. Moore(Vice Chairman of the Board), Marionette Y. Wilson, Joseph T. Drennan, and David R. Bright  and meets to discuss compensation matters.  It annually reviews and approves corporate goals and objectives relevant to CEO compensation, evaluates the CEO’s performance in light of those goals and objectives and determines and approves the compensation and benefits to be paid or provided to the Evelyn F. Smalls the President of UBS and Brenda M. Hudson-Nelson Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.  Each member of the Compensation Committee is independent as defined by NASDAQ. During 2016, the Compensation Committee held one (1) meeting as the Compensation Committee.  The Committee’s Process  The Compensation Committee reviewed relevant industry data to assist with carrying out certain responsibilities with respect to executive compensation including a “benchmarking” study of executive officer compensation comparing each officer’s salary and total compensation with a financial services industry database with similar size and complexity organizations and positions.  The review indicated that the total compensation of the Company’s executive officers was significantly below the average of its peer group.  The goals set forth in the Company’s strategic plan were not met.  While the committee remains focused on the achievement of financial and growth goals, it recognizes that the Bank’s financial results were impacted by the weak economic conditions of the last several years; however, the implementation of a sales driven organization is still a work in progress.  Given these factors and the continued focus on achieving core profitability, no increases were provided to the executive officers in 2016.  47     Components of Compensation for 2016  For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, the components of executive compensation were:  •Salary; •Life Insurance in the amount of two times salary; and •Automobile Allowance.  Salary  Salary provides the compensation base rate and is intended to be internally fair among executive officers at the same level of responsibility.  In setting the salary for the chief executive officer, the committee considers financial results, organizational development, marketing initiatives, board relations, management development, work on representing us to our customers, clients and the public, and results in developing, expanding and integrating our products and services. The committee also takes into account the effects of inflation. The committee exercises discretion in setting the chief executive officer’s salary and may increase or decrease the chief executive officer’s salary based on our financial performance or on non-financial performance factors, if it so decides. However, the employment contract with Ms. Smalls, chief executive officer, sets a minimum salary of $160,000 per year.  The committee receives evaluations of the other executive officer performance from Ms. Smalls and her recommendations for base salaries for the other officer. The recommendations are based on the officer’s level of responsibility and performance of duties. The committee then reviews and modifies, where appropriate, the recommendations and sets the salaries for the other executive officer.  Life Insurance and Auto Allowance  These benefits help to attract and retain qualified personnel within the current financial constraints.  Summary Compensation Table  The table below summarizes the total compensation paid or earned by each of the Named Executive Officers for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.  Name and PrincipalPositionYearSalary ($)Bonus($)(1)Stock
Awards
($)(1)OptionAwards
($)(1)Non-EquityIncentive PlanCompensation(1)Change in
Pension
Value and
Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings
($)(1)All Other
Compensation
($)(2)Total
($)Evelyn F. Smalls2016$ 168,000$ 0$ 0$ 0$ 0$ 0$ 10,716$ 178,716Chief Executive Officer2015168,0000000010,716178,716Brenda Hudson-Nelson,2016$ 121,000$ 6,849$ 127,849Chief Financial Officer2015121,000000006,449127,449  (1)Amounts are not included in the Bonus, Stock Awards, Option Awards, Non-equity Incentive Plan Compensation, Change in Pension and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings and All Other Compensation columns of the table because no compensation of this nature was paid by UBS or the Bank and the restricted stock awards and long term incentive payouts columns are not included in the Compensation Table since these benefits are not made available by UBS or the Bank.(2)The President/Chief Executive Officer receives a $750 per month automobile allowance and the Executive Vice President /Chief Financial Officer receives a $500 per month automobile allowance. UBS’ executives are provided with life insurance policies for which the cost is $1,716/annually for Evelyn Smalls and $949/annually for Brenda Hudson-Nelson  48    Executive Employment Agreements  The Bank entered into an Employment Agreement with Evelyn F. Smalls in November 2004 to continue to serve as the Bank’s President and Chief Executive Officer. The term of the Employment Agreement was three (3) year.  The contract expired in November 2007. Renewal terms are under review by the Compensation Committee.  Ms. Smalls is currently working under the provisions of the expired contract which provide for an annual base salary of $160,000 that may be increased, but not decreased as well as life insurance equivalent to two times her base salary, and a $500 per month automobile allowance.  In 2013, the Compensation Committee approved an increase in Ms. Smalls’ automobile allowance to $750 per month.  The Bank entered into an Employment Agreement with Brenda M. Hudson-Nelson in November 2004 to continue to serve as the Bank’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. The term of the Employment Agreement was three (3) years.  Renewal terms are under review by the Compensation Committee.  Ms. Hudson-Nelson is currently working under the provisions of the expired contract which provide for an annual base salary of $115,000 that may be increased, but not decreased as well as life insurance equivalent to two times her base salary, and a $500 per month automobile allowance.  Payments Upon Termination  The named executive officers are only entitled to payment of their salary, life insurance, and automobile allowance through the date of termination.  Other Compensation Tables  We have not included a grant of plan-based awards table, an outstanding equity awards table, options exercises and stock vested table, and pension benefits table because those tables are not applicable.  Transactions with Related Parties Some of our directors, executive officers, and members of their immediate families and the companies with which they are associated were our customers of and had banking transactions with us in the ordinary course of our business during the year 2016. All loans and commitments to lend were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons.  In our opinion, the transactions and loan commitments did not involve more than normal risk of collectively or present other unfavorable features. Our written Audit Committee Charter requires our Audit Committee to approve related party transactions. Our written Policy on Related Party Transactions establishes procedures for the Audit Committee’s review and approve of related party transactions other than excepted transactions and preapproved transactions. Transactions available to all employees generally, and transactions involving less than $120,000 when aggregated with all similar transactions in any calendar year, are excepted transactions. The following types of transactions are preapproved transactions: ·Compensation payable to directors or officers if reportable under Item 402 of the Commission’s Regulation S-K; ·Compensation payable to an immediate family member of another director or executive officer, if approved by the Executive Committee acting as the Compensation Committee; ·Transactions with another company (including charitable contributions, grants or endowments to a charitable organization) at which a related person’s only relationship is as an employee (other than executive officer), director or less than 10% owner, if the aggregate amount involved does not exceed $200,000 or 5% of that company’s total revenues; and ·Routine banking relationships that otherwise comply with banking laws and regulations. The Audit Committee is to apply the following standards when it reviews related party transactions for approval:  49   ·Whether the transaction is on terms no less favorable to the Corporation than terms generally available with an unaffiliated third party under similar circumstances; ·The extent of the related person’s interest in the transaction; and ·Other factors the committee deems appropriate.  For loan transactions, our written Regulation O Policy requires the Executive Committee to review and approve loan transactions with directors, executive officers and their related interests in accordance with the standards established by Federal Reserve Board Regulation O.  ITEM 12 — SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT  The following table sets forth certain information known to UBS, as of December 23, 2019(1), with respect to the only persons to UBS’ knowledge, who may be beneficial owners of more than 5% of UBS’ Common Stock. Name and Address
of Beneficial OwnerAmount and Nature of
Beneficial Ownership
of Corporation
Common StockPercentage of
Outstanding
Corporation
Common Stock
OwnedPhiladelphia Municipal71,6678.67%Retirement System2000 Two Penn CenterPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania 19102Greater Philadelphia Urban Affairs Coalition47,5005.74%1207 Chestnut Street, Floor 7Philadelphia, PA  19107  (1)As of December 23, 2019, there were 826,921 shares of UBS’ voting Common Stock outstanding. Wells Fargo (formerly Wachovia Corporation) owned 241,666 shares of UBS Common Stock of which 50,000 are voting shares. On February 18, 2015, Wells Fargo returned all shares (voting and nonvoting) for cancellation. (2)UBS does not know of any person having or sharing voting power and/or investment power with respect to more than 5% of the UBS’ Common Stock other than Philadelphia Municipal Retirement System, Greater Philadelphia Urban Affairs Coalition, and the Estate of James F. Bodine.  50     The following table lists the beneficial ownership of shares of the UBS’ Common Stock as of December 23, 2019 for each of the UBS’ directors and executive officers.   The table also shows the total number of shares of Common Stock ownership by the directors and executive officers of UBS as a group.  NameCommon
Stock1,2,3Percent of
Outstanding StockCurrent DirectorsL. Armstead Edwards10,8331.31%Marionette Y. Wilson (Frazier)17,9002.16%Ernest L. Wright7,084*Bernard E. Anderson850*David R. Bright850*William B. Moore1,834*Evelyn F. Smalls500*  Certain Executive OfficersEvelyn F. Smalls500***Brenda M. Hudson-Nelson50*All Current Directors and Executive Officers as a Group39,9014.83% __________________ Footnotes Concerning Beneficial Ownership of Stock *Less than one percent.**Ms. Smalls is also a Director; see listing above.(1)Stock ownership information is given as of December 23, 2019 and includes shares that the individual has the right to acquire (other than by exercise of stock options) within sixty (60) days of December 2019. Unless otherwise indicated, each director and each such named executive officer holds sole voting and investment power over the shares listed.(2)The number of shares “beneficially owned” in each case includes, when applicable, shares owned beneficially, directly or indirectly, by the spouse or minor children of the director, and shares owned by any other relatives of the director residing with the director. None of the directors holds title to any shares of UBS of record that such director does not own beneficially.(3)None of the common stock of directors and executive officers is pledged to secure a debt.  ITEM 13 — CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS  Some of our directors, executive officers, and members of their immediate families and the companies with which they are associated were our customers of and had banking transactions with us in the ordinary course of our business during the year 2016 all loans and commitments to lend were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons.  In our opinion, the transactions and loan commitments did not involve more than normal risk of collectively or present other unfavorable features. Our written Audit Committee Charter requires our Audit Committee to approve related party transactions. Our written Policy on Related Party Transactions establishes procedures for the Audit Committee’s review and approve of related party transactions other than excepted transactions and preapproved transactions. Transactions available to all employees generally, and transactions involving less than $120,000 when aggregated with all similar transactions in any calendar year, are excepted transactions. The following types of transactions are preapproved transactions: -Compensation payable to directors or officers if reportable under Item 402 of the Commission’s Regulation S-K;  51   -Compensation payable to an immediate family member of another director or executive officer, if approved by the Executive Committee acting as the Compensation Committee; -Transactions with another company (including charitable contributions, grants or endowments to a charitable organization) at which a related person’s only relationship is as an employee (other than executive officer), director or less than 10% owner, if the aggregate amount involved does not exceed $200,000 or 5% of that company’s total revenues; and -Routine banking relationships that otherwise comply with banking laws and regulations. The Audit Committee is to apply the following standards when it reviews related party transactions for approval: -Whether the transaction is on terms no less favorable to the Corporation than terms generally available with an unaffiliated third party under similar circumstances; -The extent of the related person’s interest in the transaction; and -Other factors the committee deems appropriate.  For loan transactions, our written Regulation O Policy requires the Executive Committee to review and approve loan transactions with directors, executive officers and their related interests in accordance with the standards established by Federal Reserve Board Regulation O.  All of the members of the Board of Directors of UBS and the Bank, except Ms. Smalls, are independent and meet the requirements for independence of the NASDAQ Stock market.  ITEM 14—PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES  The following table presents the fees for each of the last two fiscal years for the UBS’ principal accountants by category: 201620152013Audit Fees  (1)$115,828$191,912$154,812Audit-related fees(3)$31,250-1,319Tax fees (2)11,80011,00011,000All other fees---Total fees$158,878$202,912$167,131  Services Provided by RSM US LLP  1)Audit Fees—These are fees for professional services performed by S.R. Snodgrass P.C. for 2016 and RSM US LLP in 2015 for the audit, including an audit of consolidated  financial statements reporting, and review of financial statements included in our Form 10-Q and Form 10-K filings.2)Tax Fees—These are fees for professional services performed by S.R. Snodgrass P.C. and RSM US LLP with respect to tax compliance and tax advice. This includes preparation of our tax returns, tax research and tax advice.3)Audit-related fees include consent procedures performed by RSM US LLP related to the 2016 Audit.  Our Audit Committee has considered whether the provision of the non-audit services is compatible with maintaining the independence of Snodgrass LLP and RSM US LLP and determined that to be the case.  52   Pre-approval of Services  The Audit Committee pre-approves all auditing services and permitted non-audit services (including the fees and terms thereof) to be performed for UBS by its independent auditor, subject to the minimus exceptions for non-audit services described in Section 10A (i) (1) (B) of the Exchange Act which are approved by the Committee prior to the completion of the audit.  The Audit Committee may form and delegate authority to subcommittees consisting of one or more members when appropriate, including the authority to grant pre-approvals of audit and permitted non-audit services, provided that decisions of such subcommittee to grant pre-approvals shall be presented to the full Audit Committee at its next scheduled meeting. All services performed by the independent public accounting firm are approved by the Audit Committee.  PART IV  ITEM 15 — EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES  The following documents are filed as part of this report of United Bancshares, Inc.: Page(a)1.Financial Reports of United Bancshares, Inc.Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.57Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2016 and 2015.59Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the two years ended December 31, 2016.60Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the two years ended December 31, 2016.61Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the two years ended December 31, 2016.62Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements632.Financial Statement SchedulesFinancial Statement Schedules are omitted because the required information is either not applicable, not required or is shown in the respective financial statements or in the notes thereto.3.The following Exhibits are filed herewith or incorporated by reference as a part of this Annual Report:  Exhibit NumberItem(3(i))Articles of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 1998 Form 10-K).(3(ii))Bylaws (Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 1997 Form 10-K).(9.1)Voting Trust Agreement with NationsBank (Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 1997 Form 10-K).(9.2)Voting Trust Agreement with Fahnstock (Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 1997 Form 10-K).  53    (10)Material Contracts  a)Lease for corporate headquarters office located at The Graham Building, 30 S. 15th Street, Suite 1200, Philadelphia, PA (Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 2004 Form 10-K)b)Lease for branch office located at 1620 Wadsworth Avenue(Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K)c)Lease for branch office located at 1015 North Broad Street(Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 2002 Form 10-K)d)Evelyn F. Smalls’ Employment Agreement, dated November 1, 2004, (Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 2005 Form 10-K)e)Brenda Hudson-Nelson’s Employment Agreement, dated November 1, 2004, , (Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 2005 Form 10-K)g)Lease for Retail office located at The Graham Building, 30 S. 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA, , (Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 2005 Form 10-K)f)Lease for branch office located at 1520 North Broad Street (Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 2005 Form 10-K)g)First Amendment to lease for corporate headquarters office located at The Graham Building, 30 S. 15th Street, Suite 1200, Philadelphia, PA(incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 2009 Form 10-K)h)FDIC Stipulation and Consent to Issuance of a Consent Order(incorporated by reference to Registrant’s January 31, 2012 Form 8-K)i)FDIC Consent Order(incorporated by reference to Registrant’s January 31, 2012 Form 8-K)j)Pennsylvania Department of Banking Stipulation and Consent to Entry of Order(incorporated by reference to Registrant’s January 31, 2012 Form 8-K)k)Pennsylvania Department of Banking Consent Order(incorporated by reference to Registrant’s March 5, 2012 Form 8-K/A)

l)Second Amendment to the lease for the corporate and retail offices located at The Graham Building, 30 S. 15th Street, Suite 1200, Philadelphia, PA(incorporated by reference to Registrant’s August 14, 2013 Form 10-Q)l)Certificate of Designation, Preferred Stock, Series B  54     (11)Statement of Computation of Earnings Per Share.  Included at Note 16 of the Financial Statements hereof.(12)Statement of Computation of Ratios.  Included at Note 17 of the Financial Statements hereof.(14)Code of Conduct and Ethics (Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s 2004 10-K)(21)Subsidiaries of RegistrantNameState of IncorporationUnited Bank of PhiladelphiaPennsylvania(31)Certification of the Annual Report(31.1) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.(31.2) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.(32)Certification Pursuant to issue of Section 1350(A)Exhibit 32.1Certification Pursuant to 18U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 of the Chief Executive Officer attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1.(B)Exhibit 32.2Certification Pursuant to 18U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 of the Chief Financial Officer attached hereto as Exhibit 99.2.(99)Supplemental Information(A)The Annual Report to Shareholders and Proxy material will be furnished after the filing of Form 10-K.  Copies of these materials will be submitted to the Commission when they are sent to the shareholders.  55     SIGNATURES  Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized  UNITED BANCSHARES, INC.DATE/s/_________________________________________December 23, 2019Evelyn F. Smalls, President & CEO, Director/s/_________________________________________December 23, 2019Brenda M. Hudson-Nelson, EVP, CFO/s/___________________________________December 23, 2019L. Armstead Edwards, Chairman, Director/s/_________________________________________December 23, 2019Marionette Y. Wilson(Frazier),  Secretary, Director/s/_________________________________________December 23, 2019William B. Moore, Secretary,  Vice Chairman, Director/s/________________________________________December 23, 2019Bernard E. Anderson, Director/s/________________________________________December 23, 2019David R. Bright, Director/s/_________________________________________December 23, 2019Ernest L. Wright, Director  56      REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM  To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of United Bancshares, Inc.  Opinion on the Financial Statements  We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of United Bancshares, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2016; the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended; and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements (collectively, the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  Basis for Opinion  These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company, in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.  We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.  Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.  We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018.   /s/ S.R. Snodgrass, P.C.  Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania December 23, 2019  57    Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm   To the Board of Directors and Shareholders United Bancshares, Inc. and Subsidiary   We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of United Bancshares, Inc. and Subsidiary (the Company) as of December 31, 2015, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended (collectively, the financial statements). These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.  We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.  In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of United Bancshares, Inc. and Subsidiary as of December 31, 2015, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.  /s/ RSM US LLP Blue Bell, PA June 8, 2017  58   UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS December 31,  Assets:20162015Cash and due from banks$2,262,491$2,107,359Interest-bearing deposits with banks311,340310,739Federal funds sold5,229,0008,364,000Cash and cash equivalents7,802,83110,782,098Investment securities, available-for-sale, at fair value5,578,1597,572,029Loans held for sale, at fair value7,793,7853,260,761Loans held at fair value4,207,3382,458,930Loans, net of unearned discounts and deferred fees26,835,03533,519,042Less allowance for loan losses(300,428)(418,013)Net loans26,534,60733,101,029Bank premises and equipment, net380,471492,730Accrued interest receivable141,453175,416Other real estate owned447,371479,627Servicing asset312,814199,781Prepaid expenses and other assets413,542461,837Total assets$53,612,371$58,984,238Liabilities and Shareholders’ EquityLiabilities:Demand deposits, noninterest-bearing$14,797,174$16,417,150Demand deposits, interest-bearing13,699,57813,605,888Savings deposits11,734,51211,680,878Time deposits, under $250,0004,776,6227,505,729Time deposits, $250,000 and over5,634,2806,752,759Total deposits50,642,16655,962,404Accrued interest payable10,9979,157Accrued expenses and other liabilities299,293332,915Total liabilities50,952,45656,304,476Commitments and Contingencies (Notes 5, 10, and 14)Shareholders’ equity:Series A preferred stock, noncumulative, 6%, $0.01 par value,
500,000 shares authorized; 99,342 issued and outstanding993993Common stock, $0.01 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized;826,921 issued and outstanding8,2698,269Additional paid-in-capital14,752,64414,752,644Accumulated deficit(12,038,281)(12,062,818)Accumulated other comprehensive loss(63,710)(19,326)Total shareholders’ equity2,659,9152,679,762Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$53,612,371$58,984,238  See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.  59    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS  Years ended December 31,  20162015Interest income:Interest and fees on loans$2,403,274$2,392,183Interest on investment securities152,086179,065Interest on federal funds sold31,39415,418Interest on time deposits with other banks639659Total interest income2,587,3932,587,325Interest expense:Interest on time deposits35,73338,070Interest on demand deposits24,47925,125Interest on savings deposits5,7605,882Total interest expense65,97269,077Net interest income2,521,4212,518,248Credit to provision for loan losses(69,000)(68,000)Net interest income after credit to provision for loan       losses2,590,4212,586,248Noninterest income:Customer service fees353,807416,480ATM fee income114,673118,550Loan syndication fee income150,900150,000Net loss on sale of other real estate(3,239)(16,848)Net change in fair value of financial instruments365,900232,797Gain on sale of loans732,411410,040Other income208,40685,894Total noninterest income1,922,8581,396,913Noninterest expense:Salaries, wages and employee benefits1,555,5901,572,595Occupancy and equipment969,532972,561Office operations and supplies330,945308,070Marketing and public relations41,28073,590Professional services301,734318,774Data processing393,525389,008Loan and collection costs169,334255,809Other real estate owned, net126,06611,303Deposit insurance assessments117,000134,800Other operating483,736441,426Total noninterest expense4,488,7424,477,936Net income (loss) before income taxes24,537(494,775)Provision for income taxes--Net income (loss)$  24,537$  (494,775)Net income (loss) per common share—basic  and diluted$       0.03$       (0.57)Weighted average number of common shares826,921863,999Comprehensive LossNet income (loss)$  24,537$  (494,775)Unrealized losses on available for sale securities(44,384)(6,103)Total comprehensive loss$  (19,847)$  (500,878) See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.  60


UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY  Years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015   AccumulatedAdditionalotherTotalSeries A preferred stockCommon stockpaid-inAccumulatedcomprehensiveshareholders’SharesAmountSharesAmountcapitalDeficitlossEquityBalance at December 31, 2014136,842$ 1,3681,068,588$ 10,686$ 14,749,852$ (11,568,043)$ (13,223)$ 3,180,640Net loss-----(494,775)-(494,745)Other comprehensive loss,
net of tax------(6,103)(6,103)Cancellation of common stock-(241,667)(2,417)2,417---Cancellation of Series A
Preferred stock(37,500)(375)--375---Balance at December 31, 201599,342$ 993826,921$ 8,269$ 14,752,644$ (12,062,818)$ (19,326)$ 2,679,762Net income-----24,537-24,537Other comprehensive loss,
net of tax------(44,384)(44,384)Balance at December 31, 201699,342$ 993826,921$ 8,269$ 14,752,642($12,038,281)$ (63,710)$ 2,659,915   See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. .  61


UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS  Years ended December 31,   20162015Cash flows from operating activities:Net income (loss)$   24,537$   (494,775)Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash(used in) provided by operating activities:Credit to provision for loan losses(69,000)(68,000)Net loss on sale of other real estate3.23916,848Gain on sale of loans(732,411)(410,040)Amortization of premiums on investments13,83916,996Depreciation on fixed assets190,334177,987Write-up of other real estate owned-(39,294)Loans originated for sale(13,162,229)(4,721,164)Proceeds from sale of loans held-for-sale7,979,9326,433,243Amortization of servicing asset46,693-Net change in fair value of financial instruments(365,900)(232,797)Increase in accrued interest receivable andother assets(55,608)(178,507)(Decrease) increase in accrued interest payable andother liabilities(31,782)20,759Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities(6,158,356)521,256Cash flows from investing activities:Purchase of available-for-sale investment securities(4,099,785)(1,200,118)Proceeds from maturities, calls and principal reductions ofavailable-for-sale investment securities6,013,5722,144,881Net decrease in loans6,634,5986,946,054Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned29,017254,603Purchase of bank premises and equipment(78,075)(121,251)Net cash provided by investing activities8,499,3278,024,169Cash flows from financing activities:Net decrease in deposits(5,320,238)(999,909)Net cash used in financing activities(5,320,238)(999,909)Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(2,979,267)7,545,516Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year10,782,0983,236,582Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$7,802,831$10,782,098Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:Cash paid during the year for interest$  64,133$  71,176Noncash transfer of loans to other real estate owned$           -$148,241  See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements. .  62    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  December 31, 2016 and 2015  1.  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  United Bancshares, Inc. (“the Company”) is the holding company for United Bank of Philadelphia (the “Bank”).  The Company was incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on April 8, 1993 and provides financial services through the Bank.  Principles of Consolidation  The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary, the Bank.  All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.  Management’s Use of Estimates  The preparation of the financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.  Material estimates which are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the fair value of investment securities, the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the fair value of loans held at fair value, valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, the carrying value of other real estate owned, the determination of other than temporary impairment for securities.  Marketing and Advertising  Marketing and advertising costs are expensed as incurred.  Statement of Cash Flows  For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks, interest bearing deposits with banks that mature within 90 days and federal funds sold on an overnight basis.  Changes in loans made to and deposits received from customers are reported on a net basis.  Securities  Bonds, notes, and debentures for which the Company has both the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity and carried at cost, adjusted for premiums and discounts that are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the period to maturity.Investment securities that would be held for indefinite periods of time but not necessarily to maturity, including securities that would be used as part of the Bank’s asset/liability management strategy and possibly sold in response to changes in interest rates, prepayments and similar factors are classified as “Available for Sale.”  These securities are carried at fair value, with any temporary unrealized gains or losses reported as a separate component of other comprehensive loss, net of the related income tax effect.  Gains and losses on the sale of such securities are accounted for on the specific identification basis in the statements of operations on the trade date.  If transfers between the available-for-sale and held-to-maturity portfolios occur, they are accounted for at fair value and unrealized holding gains and losses are accounted for at the date of transfer.  For securities transferred to available-for-sale from held-to-maturity, unrealized gains and losses as of the date of the transfer are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss as a separate component of shareholders’ equity. For securities transferred into the held-to-maturity portfolio from available-for-sale, unrealized gains and losses as of the date of the transfer continue to be reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss, and are amortized over the remaining life of the security as an adjustment to its yield, consistent with amortization of the premium or accretion of the discount.  63   UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  1.  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Continued  Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concern warrants such evaluation.  Declines in the fair value of individual debt securities below their cost that are deemed to be other than temporary result in write-downs of the individual securities to their fair value.  Debt securities that are deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired are reflected in earnings as realized losses to the extent impairment is related to credit losses. The amount of the impairment for debt securities related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive loss.  In evaluating whether impairment is temporary or other-than-temporary, management first considers whether the Bank intends to sell the security or it is more-likely-than-not that the Bank will be required to sell the security prior to recovery.  In these circumstances, the loss is determined to be other-than-temporary and the difference between the security’s fair value and its amortized cost is reflected as a loss in the statement of operations.  If management does not intend to sell the security and likely will not be required to sell the security prior to forecasted recovery, management evaluates whether it expects to recover the entire amortized cost of the debt security or if there is a credit loss.  In evaluating whether there is a credit loss, management considers various qualitative factors which include (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the reasons for the decline in the fair value, and (3) the financial position and access to capital of the issuer, including the current and future impact of any specific events.  If, based on an analysis of these factors, management concludes that there is a credit loss, then management calculates the expected cash flows and records a loss in earnings equal to the difference between the amortized cost of the debt security and the expected present value of cash flows.  The portion of the decline in fair value that is due to factors other than credit loss is recognized in other comprehensive loss.  No investment securities held by the Bank as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 were subjected to a write-down due to credit related other-than-temporary impairment.  Interest income from securities adjusted for the amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts is recognized in interest income using the interest method over the contractual lives of the related securities.  Realized gains and losses, determined using the amortized cost value of the specific securities sold, are included in noninterest income in the statement of operations.  Transfers of Financial Assets  Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when all the components meet the definition of a participating interest and when control over the assets has been surrendered.  A participating interest generally represents (1) a proportionate (pro rata) ownership interest in an entire financial assets, (2) a relationship where from the date of transfer all cash flows received from the entire financial asset are divided proportionately among the participating interest holders in an amount equal  to their share of ownership, (3) the priority of cash flows has certain characteristics, including no reduction in priority, subordination of interest, or recourse to the transferor other than standard representation or warranties, and (4) no party has the right to pledge or exchange the entire financial asset unless all participating interest holders agree to pledge or exchange the entire financial asset.  Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Bank, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Bank does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity.  Loans Held for Sale  The Bank originates SBA loans for which the guaranteed portion is intended to be sold within a short period of time in the secondary market.  These loans are carried at fair value based on a loan-by-loan valuation using actual market bids for the specific loans held or for loan sales for similar assets in the marketplace that have occurred near the valuation date.  Any change in the balance of the loan and its fair value is recorded as income or expense in each reporting period.  When the guaranteed portion of the loan is sold, the gain on the sale is reduced by the income previously recognized as part of the fair value adjustment.  64     UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  1.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES – Continued  Loans Held at Fair Value  The Bank originates SBA loans for which the un-guaranteed portion is retained after the guaranteed portion is sold in the secondary market.  Management has elected to carry these loans at fair value in accordance with the irrevocable option permitted under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 825-10-25Financial Instruments.  Fair value of these loans is estimated based on the present value of future cashflows for each asset based on their unique characteristics, market-based assumptions for prepayment speeds, discount rates, default and voluntary prepayments as well as assumptions for losses and recoveries which is based primarily on the risk spread to LIBOR spot curve.  Loans  The Bank has both the positive intent and ability to hold the majority of its loans to maturity.  These loans are stated at the amount of unpaid principal, reduced by net unearned discount and an allowance for loan losses.  Interest income on loans is recognized as earned based on contractual interest rates applied to daily principal amounts outstanding and accretion of discount.  Non-accrual and Past Due Loans  Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received 30 days as of the date such payments were due.  The Bank generally places a loan on non-accrual status when interest or principal is past due 90 days or more.  If it otherwise appears doubtful that the loan will be repaid, management may place the loan on nonaccrual status before the lapse of 90 days. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. Cash payments on nonaccrual loans are applied as principal payments.  Allowance for Loan Losses  The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses.  Loans that are determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance account, and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.  When evaluating the adequacy of the allowance, an assessment of the loan portfolio will typically include changes in the composition and volume of the loan portfolio, overall portfolio quality and past loss experience, review of specific problem loans, current economic conditions which may affect borrowers’ ability to repay, and other factors which may warrant current recognition.  Such periodic assessments may, in management’s judgment, require the Bank to recognize additions or reductions to the allowance.  An allowance for loan losses is not calculated for loans held for sale or carried at fair value.  Various regulatory agencies periodically review the adequacy of the Bank’s allowance for loan losses as an integral part of their examination process.  Such agencies may require the Bank to recognize additions or reductions to the allowance based on their evaluation of information available to them at the time of their examination.  It is reasonably possible that the above factors may change significantly and, therefore, affects management’s determination of the allowance for loan losses in the near term.  65   UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  1.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES – Continued   The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as impaired.  For those loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan.  The general component covers non-impaired loans and is based on historical charge-off experience, other qualitative factors, and adjustments made to the allowance for pools of loans after an assessment of internal or external influences on credit quality that are not fully reflected in the historical loss or risk rating data.  The Bank does not allocate reserves for unfunded commitments to fund lines of credit.  A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due.  Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired.  Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.  The Bank will identify and assess loans that may be impaired through any of the following processes:  ·During regularly scheduled meetings of the Asset Quality Committee ·During regular reviews of the delinquency report ·During the course of routine account servicing, annual review, or credit file update ·Upon receipt of verifiable evidence of a material reduction in the value of collateral to a level that creates a less than desirable loan-to-value ratio  Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.  Large groups of smaller, homogeneous loans, including consumer installment and home equity loans, 1-4 family residential mortgages, and student loans are evaluated collectively for impairment. Accordingly, the Bank does not separately identify individual consumer and residential loans for impairment disclosures.  Bank Premises and Equipment  Bank premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.  Depreciation is computed on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.  Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed over the shorter of the related lease term or the useful life of the assets.  66     UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  1.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES – Continued  Income Taxes  The liability method is used in accounting for income taxes.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse.  Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment.  Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on generating sufficient taxable income in the future.  When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that some positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that ultimately would be sustained. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more-likely-than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. The evaluation of a tax position taken is considered by itself and not offset or aggregated with other positions. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50  percent likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying balance sheet along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination.  It is the Bank’s policy to recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax liabilities within income tax expense in the statement of operations.  The Bank does not have an accrual for uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2016 or 2015, as deductions taken and benefits accrued are based on widely understood administrative practices and procedures and are based on clear and unambiguous tax law.  Income (Loss) Per Share (“EPS”)  Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted EPS takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised and converted into common stock.  Off-Balance-Sheet Financial Instruments  In the ordinary course of business, the Bank has entered into off-balance-sheet financial instruments consisting of commitments to extend credit and letters of credit.  Such financial instruments are recorded in the financial statements when they become payable.  67    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  1.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES – Continued  Other Real Estate Owned  Real estate properties acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are to be sold and are initially recorded at fair value, net of estimated cost to sell, at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis.  After foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management, and the real estate is carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less the cost to sell.  Revenue and expenses from operations and changes in valuation subsequent to the initial foreclosure are charged to operations.  Segments  The Company has one reportable segment, “Community Banking.” All of the Company’s activities are interrelated, and each activity is dependent and assessed based on how each of the activities of the Company supports the other.  For example, commercial lending is dependent upon the ability of the Bank to fund it with retail deposits and other borrowings and to manage interest rate and credit risk.  This situation is also similar for consumer and residential mortgage lending.  Accordingly, all significant operating decisions are based upon analysis of the Company as one operating segment or unit.  Reclassifications  Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior years’ financial statements to conform to the 2016 presentation, with no impact on earnings or shareholders’ equity.  Comprehensive Loss  Comprehensive loss includes net loss as well as certain other items that result in a change to equity during     the period. The components of other comprehensive loss are as follows: December 31, 2016(in 000’s)Before taxTaxNet of taxamountBenefitAmountBeginning balance$   (30)$     11$  (19)Unrealized loss on securities(66)22(44)Less: reclassification adjustment for gainsrealized in net loss---Other comprehensive loss, net(66)23(44)Ending balance$ (96)$ 33$ (63)  December 31, 2015Before taxTaxNet of taxamountBenefitAmountBeginning balance$ (21)$  8$  (13)Unrealized loss on securities:(9)3(6)Less: reclassification adjustment for gainsrealized in net loss---Other comprehensive loss, net(9)3(6)Ending balance$ (30)$ 11$ (19)  68   UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  1.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES – Continued   Recent Accounting Pronouncements  In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.  The Update’s (along with subsequent amendments and clarifications in ASUs; 2015-14, 2016-08, 2016-10, 2016-11, and 2016-12) core principle is that a company will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, this Update specifies the accounting for certain costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer and expands disclosure requirements for revenue recognition. This Update is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. This Update is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.  In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15,Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern (Subtopic205-40).  The amendments in this Update provide guidance in accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America about management's responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity's ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures.  The amendments in this Update are effective for the annual period ending after       December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted.This Update is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.  In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10):  Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.  This Update applies to all entities that hold financial assets or owe financial liabilities and is intended to provide more useful information on the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments.  Among other things, this Update (a) requires equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income; (b) simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment; (c) eliminates the requirement to disclose the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost for entities that are not public business entities; (d) eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet; (e) requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes; (f) requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (that is, securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements; and (g) clarifies that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity’s other deferred tax assets.  For public business entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  For all other entities, including not-for-profit entities and employee benefit plans within the scope of Topics 960 through 965 on plan accounting, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. All entities that are not public business entities may adopt the amendments in this Update earlier as of the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of the standard will have on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.  69     UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  1.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES – Continued   In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842).  The standard ((along with subsequent amendments and clarifications in ASUs; 2018-01, 2018-11 and 2018-20)  requires lessees to recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases on the balance sheet.  A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term.  A short-term lease is defined as one in which (a) the lease term is 12 months or less and (b) there is not an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise.  For short-term leases, lessees may elect to recognize lease payments over the lease term on a straight-line basis.  For public business entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those years.  For all other entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020.  The amendments should be applied at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach with earlier application permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period.  This Update is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.  In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which changes the impairment model for most financial assets. This Update is intended to improve financial reporting by requiring timelier recording of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments held by financial institutions and other organizations.  The underlying premise of the Update is that financial assets measured at amortized cost should be presented at the net amount expected to be collected, through an allowance for credit losses that is deducted from the amortized cost basis. The allowance for credit losses should reflect management’s current estimate of credit losses that are expected to occur over the remaining life of a financial asset.  The income statement will be effected for the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as the expected increases or decreases of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. With certain exceptions, transition to the new requirements will be through a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of the standard will have on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.  In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230):  Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing diversity in practice.  Among these include recognizing cash payments for debt prepayment or debt extinguishment as cash outflows for financing activities; cash proceeds received from the settlement of insurance claims should be classified on the basis of the related insurance coverage; and cash proceeds received from the settlement of bank-owned life insurance policies should be classified as cash inflows from investing activities while the cash payments for premiums on bank-owned policies may be classified as cash outflows for investing activities, operating activities, or a combination of investing and operating activities.  The amendments in this Update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. An entity that elects early adoption must adopt all of the amendments in the same period. The amendments in this Update should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. If it is impracticable to apply the amendments retrospectively for some of the issues, the amendments for those issues would be applied prospectively as of the earliest date practicable. This Update is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.  70   UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  1.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES – Continued  In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18,Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), which requires that a statement of cash flows explains the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this Update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period.  The amendments in this Update should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of the standard will have on the Company’s statement of cash flows.  In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-05, Other Income—Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20). The amendments in this Update clarify what constitutes a financial asset within the scope of Subtopic 610-20.  The amendments also clarify that entities should identify each distinct nonfinancial asset or in substance nonfinancial asset that is promised to a counterparty and to derecognize each asset when the counterparty obtains control.  There is also additional guidance provided for partial sales of a nonfinancial asset and when derecognition, and the related gain or loss, should be recognized.  The amendments in this Update are effective at the same time as the amendments in Update 2014-09. Therefore, for public entities, the amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period.  For all other entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019.  In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20). The amendments in this Update shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. Specifically, the amendments require the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity.  For public business entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018.  For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020.  Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period.  If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period.  An entity should apply the amendments in this Update on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. Additionally, in the period of adoption, an entity should provide disclosures about a change in accounting principle.  This Update is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.  In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements. This Update provides another transition method which allows entities to initially apply ASC 842 at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. Entities that elect this approach should report comparative periods in accordance with ASC 840, Leases.  In addition, this Update provides a practical expedient under which lessors may elect, by class of underlying assets, to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component, similar to the expedient provided for lessees. However, the lessor practical expedient is limited to circumstances in which the nonlease component or components otherwise would be accounted for under the new revenue guidance and both (a) the timing and pattern of transfer are the same for the nonlease component(s) and associated lease component and (b) the lease component, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease. If the nonlease component or components associated with the lease component are the predominant component of the combined component, an entity should account for the combined component in accordance with ASC 606,  71   UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  1.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES – Continued  Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Otherwise, the entity should account for the combined component as an operating lease in accordance with ASC 842. If a lessor elects the practical expedient, certain disclosures are required. This Update is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted.  For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020.  This Update is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.  In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurements.  The Update removes the requirement to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level I and Level II of the fair value hierarchy; the policy for timing of transfers between levels; and the valuation processes for Level III fair value measurements. The Update requires disclosure of changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income (loss) for recurring Level III fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level III fair value measurements. This Update is effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019.  This Update is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.  2.  CASH AND DUE FROM BANK BALANCES  The Bank maintains various deposit accounts with other banks to meet normal fund transaction requirements and to compensate other banks for certain correspondent services.  The withdrawal or usage restrictions of these balances did not have a significant impact on the operations of the Bank as of December 31, 2016.  Required reserve balances were $100,000 as of December 31, 2016 and 2015.  3.  INVESTMENTS  The amortized cost, gross unrealized holding gains and losses, and estimated fair value of the investment securities by major security type at December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:  (In 000’s)2016GrossGrossAmortizedUnrealizedunrealizedFairCostGainslossesValueU.S. Government agency securities$ 2,350$ -$ (82)$ 2,268Government Sponsored Enterprises  residential mortgage-backed securities3,19325(38)3,180Investments in money market funds130--130$ 5,673$ 25$ (120)$ 5,578  2015GrossGrossAmortizedUnrealizedunrealizedFairCostGainslossesValueU.S. Government agency securities$ 3,697$ 3$ (38)$ 3,662Government Sponsored Enterprises  residential mortgage-backed securities3,77436(30)3,780Investments in money market funds130--130$ 7,601$ 39$ (68)$ 7,572  72     UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  3.  INVESTMENTS--continued  In 2016 and 2015, $5,450,000 and $1,600,000 in U.S. Government agencies securities were called, respectively. There were no gross gains or losses from these transactions during 2015.  There were no sales of securities in 2016 and 2015.  The table below indicates the length of time individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2016 (in thousands):  NumberLess than 12 months12 months or longerTotalDescription ofOfFairUnrealizedFairUnrealizedFairUnrealizedSecuritiesSecuritiesvalueLossesValueLossesvalueLossesU.S. Governmentagency securities7$ 2,268$ (82)$ -$ -$ 2,268$ (82)Mortgage backedSecurities102,026(38)--2,026(38)Total temporarilyimpaired investmentSecurities17$ 4,294$ (120)$ -$ -$ 4,294$ (120)  The table below indicates the length of time individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2015 (in thousands):  NumberLess than 12 months12 months or longerTotalDescription ofOfFairUnrealizedFairUnrealizedFairUnrealizedSecuritiesSecuritiesValueLossesValueLossesValueLossesU.S. Governmentagency securities9$ 2,416$ (32)$ 243$ (6)$ 2,659$ (38)Mortgage backedSecurities81,486(19)227(11)1,713(30)Total temporarilyimpaired investmentSecurities17$ 3,902$ (51)$ 470$ (17)$ 4,372$ (68)  U.S. Government and Agency Securities.Unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in direct obligations of U.S. government agencies were caused by market rate changes. The contractual terms of those investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized cost bases of the investments. Because the Company does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be maturity, the Company does not consider those investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2016 and 2015.  Residential Government Sponsored Enterprise Mortgage-Backed Securities. Unrealized losses on the Company’s investment in government sponsored enterprise mortgage-backed securities were caused by market rate changes. The Company purchased those investments at a discount relative to their face amount, and the contractual cash flows of those investments are guaranteed by an agency of the U.S. government. Accordingly, it is expected that the securities would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost bases of the Company’s investments. Because the decline in fair value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be maturity, the Company does not consider those investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2016 and 2015.  73    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  3.  INVESTMENTS--continued  The Company has a process in place to identify debt securities that could potentially have a credit impairment that is other than temporary.  This process involves monitoring late payments, pricing levels, downgrades by rating agencies, key financial ratios, financial statements, revenue forecasts and cash flow projections as indicators of credit issues.  On a quarterly basis, we review all securities to determine whether an other-than-temporary decline in value exists and whether losses should be recognized. The Company considers relevant facts and circumstances in evaluating whether a credit or interest rate-related impairment of a security is other than temporary. Relevant facts and circumstances considered include: (1) the extent and length of time the fair value has been below cost; (2) the reasons for the decline in value; (3) the financial position and access to capital of the issuer, including the current and future impact of any specific events and (4) for fixed maturity securities, our intent to sell a security or whether it is more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before the recovery of its amortized cost which, in some cases, may extend to maturity and for equity securities, our ability and intent to hold the security for a period of time that allows for the recovery in value.  Maturities of investment securities at December 31, 2016 were as follows. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the underlying mortgages supporting mortgage backed securities may be prepaid without any penalties. Consequently, mortgage-backed securities are not presented by maturity category.   (In 000’s)AmortizedFairCostValueDue in one year$         -$       -Due after one year through five years--Due after five years through ten years2,3502,268Government-sponsored enterprises
residential mortgage-backed securities3,1933,180Total debt securities5,5435,448Investments in money market funds130130$ 5,673$ 5,578  As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, investment securities with a carrying value of $4,432,000 and $7,076,000, respectively, were pledged as collateral to secure public deposits and contingent borrowing at the Discount Window.  74    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015   4.  LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES  The composition of the net loans is as follows: December 31,December 31,(In 000's)20162015Commercial and industrial:Commercial$               890$               1,535SBA loans-40Asset-based1,2591,487Total commercial and industrial2,1493,062Commercial real estate:Commercial mortgages11,38513,774SBA loans255353Construction5422,175Religious organizations9,30610,112Total commercial real estate21,48826,414Consumer real estate:Home equity loans799897Home equity lines of credit19201-4 family residential mortgages1,4141,924Total consumer real estate2,2322,841Consumer and other:Student loans8551,081Other111121Total consumer and other9661,202Allowance for loan losses(300)(418)Loans, net$            26,535$            33,101  At December 31, 2016 and 2015, the unearned discount totaled $10,857 and $22,272, respectively, and is included in the related loan accounts.  Loan Origination/Risk Management.  The Bank has lending policies and procedures in place to maximize loan income within an acceptable level of risk.  Management reviews and approves these policies and procedures on a regular basis.  A reporting system supplements the review process by providing management with periodic reports related to loan origination, asset quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and non-performing and emerging problem loans.  Diversification in the portfolio is a means of managing risk with fluctuations in economic conditions.  Commercial and industrial loans are underwritten after evaluating and understanding the borrower’s ability to operate prudently to service the projected debt.  Once it is determined that the borrower’s management possesses sound ethics and solid business acumen, the Bank’s management examines current and projected cash flows to determine the ability of the borrower to repay their obligations as agreed.  Commercial and industrial loans are primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower.  The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value.  Most commercial and industrial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable. The Bank may also seek credit enhancements for commercial and industrial loans from the Small Business Administration, Department of Transportation or other available programs.  Generally, the Bank utilizes an advance  75   UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  formula for loans secured by eligible accounts receivable and other available programs to mitigate risk.  Commercial real estate loans are subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial and industrial loans. These loans are viewed as cash flow loans first and secondarily as loans secured by real estate.  Commercial real estate loans typically have higher principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is dependent on the successful operation of property securing the loan or business conducted on the property securing the loan.  Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy.  The Bank tracks the level of owner occupied versus non-owner occupied loans.   Typically, owner-occupied real estate loans represent less risk for the Bank.  The Bank’s commercial real estate loans are largely concentrated in loans to religious organizations. These loans are generally made to these organizations are primarily for expansion and repair of church facilities (construction loans).  The source of repayment is viewed as cash flow from tithes and offerings and secondarily as loans secured by real estate.  The Bank’s construction lending has primarily involved lending for construction of commercial properties although the Bank does lend funds for construction of single-family residences. Construction loans are underwritten utilizing feasibility studies, independent appraisals, analysis of lease rates, and the financial analysis of the developers and property owners. Construction loans are generally based upon estimates of costs and value associated with the complete project. These estimates can be inaccurate. Construction loans often involve the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment substantially dependent on the success of the ultimate project. Loan proceeds are disbursed during the construction phase according to a draw schedule based on the stage of completion. Construction projects are inspected by contracted inspectors or bank personnel. These loans are considered to have higher risks than other real estate loans due to their ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, regulations of real property, general economic conditions and the availability of long-term financing.  Consumer loans are underwritten after an analysis of the borrower’s past and present financial information including credit score, personal financial statements, tax returns and other information deemed necessary to calculate debt service ratios that determine the ability of a borrower to repay the loan.  Minimum debt service ratios have been established by policy.  Underwriting standards for home equity loans are also heavily influenced by statutory requirements, which include, but are not limited to, a maximum loan-to-value percentage of 80% and documentation requirements.  The Bank performs an annual loan review by an independent third party firm that reviews and validates the credit risk    program.  The results of these reviews are presented to the board and management.  The loan review process reinforces the risk identification and assessment decisions made by lenders and credit administration personnel, as well as the Bank’s policies and procedures.  Concentrations of Credit.  The Bank’s loan portfolio is concentrated in commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans.  Approximately $18.2 million of these loans are secured by owner occupied commercial real estate as of December 31, 2016. The Bank continues to have a significant concentration in lending to religious organizations for which total loans at December 31, 2016 were $9 million, or 35%, of the loan portfolio.  Related Party Loans.  In the ordinary course of business, the Bank granted loans to certain directors, executive officers and their affiliates (collectively referred to as “related parties”).  These loans were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other unaffiliated persons and do not involve more than normal risk of collectability. Disaffiliations include directors who do not stand for re-election and are no longer affiliated with the Bank.  Activity in related party loans is presented in the following table.  76     UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  20162015Balance outstanding at December 31,$ 775,078$ 845,477Principal additions (affiliations)159,974-Disaffiliations--Principal reductions(68,118)(70,399)Balance outstanding at December 31,$ 866,934$ 775,078  Non-accrual and Past Due Loans.Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received 30 days as of the date such payments were due.  The Bank generally places a loan on non-accrual status when interest or principal is past due 90 days or more unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection.  If it otherwise appears doubtful that the loan will be repaid, management may place the loan on nonaccrual status before the lapse of 90 days. Interest on loans past due 90 days or more ceases to accrue except for loans that are well collateralized and in the process of collection.  When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, previously accrued and unpaid interest is reversed out of income.  Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. An age analysis of past due loans, segregated by class of loans, as of December 31, 2016 is as follows:  (In 000's)AccruingLoansLoans 90 or30-89 DaysMore DaysTotal PastCurrentPast DuePast DueNonaccrualDue LoansLoansTotal LoansCommercial and industrial:Commercial$ -$ -$ 33$ 33$ 857$ 890SBA loans------Asset-based27243753459141,259Total commercial and industrial272431083781,7712,149Commercial real estate:Commercial mortgages-111,2701,28110,10411,385SBA loans-16293255-255Construction----542542Religious organizations110-1963069,0009,306Total commercial real estate1101731,5591,84219,64621,488Consumer real estate:Home equity loans-153345498301799Home equity lines of credit----19191-4 family residential mortgages59-751341,2801,414Total consumer real estate591534206321,6002,232Consumer and other:Student loans3861-99756855Other-1-1110111Total consumer and other3862-100866966Total loans$ 234$ 631$ 2,087$ 2,952$ 23,883$ 26,835  77    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  An age analysis of past due loans, segregated by class of loans, as of December 31, 2015 is as follows: (In 000's)AccruingLoansLoans 90 or30-89 DaysMore DaysTotal PastCurrentPast DuePast DueNonaccrualDue LoansLoansTotal LoansCommercial and industrial:Commercial$ -$ -$ 110$ 110$ 1,425$ 1,535SBA loans--4040-40Asset-based11-2893001,1871,487Total Commercial and industrial11-4394502,6123,062Commercial real estate:Commercial mortgages169391,3351,54312,23113,774SBA loans--27127182353Construction----2,1752,175Religious organizations--4714719,64110,112Total Commercial real estate169392,0772,28524,12926,414Consumer real estate:Home equity loans56125358539358897Home equity lines of credit----20201-4 family residential mortgages35-1291641,7601,924Total consumer real estate911254877032,1382,841Total real estate2601642,5642,98826,26729,255Consumer and other:Student loans66129-1958861,081Other2--2119121Total consumer and other68129-1971,0051,202Total loans$ 339$ 293$ 3,003$ 3,635$ 29,884$ 33,519  Impaired Loans. The Bank identifies a loan as impaired when it is probable that interest and principal will not be collected according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The Bank recognizes interest income on impaired loans under the cash basis when the collateral on the loan is sufficient to cover the outstanding obligation to the Bank.   If these factors do not exist, the Bank will record interest payments on the cost recovery basis. In accordance with guidance provided by ASC 310-10, Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan, management employs one of three methods to determine and measure impairment: the Present Value of Future Cash Flow Method; the Fair Value of Collateral Method; or the Observable Market Price of a Loan Method.  To perform an impairment analysis, the Company reviews a loan’s internally assigned grade, its outstanding balance, guarantors, collateral, strategy, and a current report of the action being implemented. Based on the nature of the specific loans, one of the impairment methods is chosen for the respective loan and any impairment is determined, based on criteria established in ASC 310-10. The Company records partial charge-offs of impaired loans when the impairment is deemed permanent and is considered a loss.  To date, these charge-offs have only included the unguaranteed portion of Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans.  Specific reserves are allocated to cover “other-than-permanent”impairment for which the underlying collateral value may fluctuate with market conditions.  In 2016 and 2015, the Bank made partial charge-offs totaling approximately $41,000 and $212,000, respectively, related several impaired commercial real estate loans. Consumer real estate and other loans are not individually evaluated for impairment, but collectively evaluated, because they are pools of smaller balance homogeneous loans.  78     UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  Year-end 2016 impaired loans are set forth in the following table.  (In 000’s)Unpaid
ContractualRecorded
InvestmentRecorded
InvestmentTotalAverageInterest
recognizedPrincipalWith NoWithRecordedRelatedRecordedon impairedBalanceAllowanceAllowanceInvestmentAllowanceInvestmentloansCommercial and industrial:Commercial$ 33$ 33$ -$ 33$ -$ 33$ -SBA-----36-Asset based319319-319-361-Total Commercial and industrial352352-352-430-Commercial real estate:Commercial mortgages1,3218084731,281541,30319SBA  Loans255255-255-2627Religious Organizations195195-195-273-Total Commercial real estate1,7711,2584731,731541,83826Total Loans$ 2,123$ 1,610$ 473$ 2,083$ 54$ 2,268$ 26  Year-end 2015 impaired loans are set forth in the following table.  (In 000’s)Unpaid
ContractualRecorded
InvestmentRecorded
InvestmentTotalAverageInterest
recognizedPrincipalWith NoWithRecordedRelatedRecordedon impairedBalanceAllowanceAllowanceInvestmentAllowanceInvestmentloansCommercial and industrial:Commercial$ 818$ 353$ -$ 353$ -$ 446$ -SBA  loans46-4646-382Asset-based4040-40-542Total Commercial and industrial90439346439-5384Commercial real estate:Commercial mortgages1,3348105241,334915799SBA  Loans271271-271-1612Religious Organizations471471-471-6302Total Commercial real estate2,0761,5525242,076911,37013Total Loans$ 2,980$ 1,945$ 570$ 2,515$ 91$ 1,908$ 17  79     UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  Credit Quality Indicators.  For commercial loans, management uses internally assigned risk ratings as the best indicator of credit quality.  Each loan’s internal risk weighting is assigned at origination and updated at least annually and more frequently if circumstances warrant a change in risk rating.  The Bank uses a 1 through 8 loan grading system that follows regulatory accepted definitions as follows:  ·Risk ratings of “1” through “3” are used for loans that are performing and meet and are expected to continue to meet all of the terms and conditions set forth in the original loan documentation and are generally current on principal and interest payments.  Loans with these risk ratings are reflected as “Good/Excellent” and “Satisfactory” in the following table. ·Risk ratings of “4” are assigned to “Pass/Watch” loans which may require a higher degree of regular, careful attention.  Borrowers may be exhibiting weaker balance sheets and positive but inconsistent cash flow coverage. Borrowers in this classification generally exhibit a higher level of credit risk and are not adversely classified and do not expose the Bank to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Loans with this rating would not normally be acceptable as new credits unless they are adequately secured and/or carry substantial guarantors. Loans with this rating are reflected as “Pass” in the following table. ·Risk ratings of “5” are assigned to “Special Mention” loans that do not presently expose the Bank to a significant degree of risks, but have potential weaknesses/deficiencies deserving Management’s closer attention.  If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Bank’s credit position at some future date. No loss of principal or interest is envisioned.  Borrower is experiencing adverse operating trends, which potentially could impair debt, services capacity and may necessitate restructuring of credit.  Secondary sources of repayment are accessible and considered adequate to cover the Bank's exposure. However a restructuring of the debt should result in repayment.  The asset is currently protected, but is potentially weak.  This category may include credits with inadequate loan agreements, control over the collateral or an unbalanced position in the balance sheet which has not reached a point where the liquidation is jeopardized but exceptions are considered material. These borrowers would have limited ability to obtain credit elsewhere.  ·Risk ratings of “6” are assigned to ‘Substandard” loans which are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets must have a well-defined weakness. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that some loss is possible if the deficiencies are not corrected. The borrower’s recent performance indicated an inability to repay the debt, even if restructured. Primary source of repayment is gone or severely impaired and the Bank may have to rely upon the secondary source. Secondary sources of repayment (e.g., guarantors and collateral) should be adequate for a full recovery. Flaws in documentation may leave the bank in a subordinated or unsecured position when the collateral is needed for the repayment.  ·Risk ratings of “7” are assigned to “Doubtful” loans which have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified “Substandard” with the added characteristic that the weakness makes the collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.  The borrower's recent performance indicates an inability to repay the debt.  Recovery from secondary sources is uncertain.  The possibility of a loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably- specific pending factors, its classification as a loss is deferred.  ·Risk rating of “8” are assigned to “Loss” loans which are considered non-collectible and do not warrant classification as active assets.  They are recommended for charge-off if attempts to recover will be long term in nature.  This classification does not mean that an asset has no recovery or salvage value, but rather, that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the loss, although a future recovery may be possible.  Loss should always be taken in the period in which they surface and are identified as non-collectible as a result there is no tabular presentation.  80    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  For consumer and residential mortgage loans, management uses performing versus nonperforming as the best indicator of credit quality.  Nonperforming loans consist of loans that are not accruing interest (nonaccrual loans) as a result of principal or interest being in default for a period of 90 days or more or when the ability to collect principal and interest according to contractual terms is in doubt as well as loans that are 90 days or more past due and have not been placed on nonaccrual.  These credit quality indicators are updated on an ongoing basis.  A loan is placed on nonaccrual status as soon as management believes there is doubt as to the ultimate ability to collect interest on a loan.  The tables below detail the Bank’s loans by class according to their credit quality indictors discussed above.  (In 000's)Commercial Loans, December 31, 2016Good/ ExcellentSatisfactoryPassSpecial        MentionSubstandardDoubtfulTotalCommercial and industrial:Commercial$ 260$ 331$ 9$ 38$ 252$ -$ 891SBA loans-------Asset-based-742198-243761,2592601,07320738495762,149Commercial real estate:Commercial mortgages-8,1931,3755371,05922111,385SBA Loans-2-16093-255Construction-542----515Religious organizations498,201751109196-9,3064916,9382,1268061,34822121,488Total commercial loans$ 309$ 18,011$ 2,333$ 844$ 1,843$ 297$ 23,637  Residential Mortgage and Consumer Loans
December 31, 2016PerformingNonperformingTotalConsumer Real Estate:Home equity$ 301$ 498$ 799Home equity line of credit19-191-4 family residential mortgages1,339751,4141,6595732,232Consumer Other:Student loans79461855Other110111190462966Total  consumer loans$ 2,563$ 635$ 3,198  81    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  (In 000's)Commercial Loans, December 31, 2015Good/ ExcellentSatisfactoryPassSpecial MentionSubstandardDoubtfulTotalCommercial and industrial:Commercial$ 285$ 922$ 16$ 58$ 254$ -$ 1,535SBA loans----40-40Asset-based-900222-289761,4872851,82223858583763,062Commercial real estate:Commercial mortgages-10,6891,0986131,15122313,774SBA Loans-82--271-353Construction-2,175----2,175Religious organizations-7,6241,131886471-10,112-20,5702,2291,4991,89322326,414Total commercial loans$ 285$ 22,393$ 2,467$ 1,557$ 2,476$ 299$ 29,476  Residential Mortgage and Consumer Loans
December 31, 2015- Performing/NonperformingPerformingNonperformingTotalConsumer Real Estate:Home equity$ 539$ 358$ 897Home equity line of credit20-201-4 family residential mortgages1,7951291,9242,3544872,841Consumer Other:Student loans1,081-1,081Other121-1211,202-1,202Total  consumer loans$ 3,556$ 487$ 4,043  82    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  Allowance for loan losses.  The determination of the allowance for loan losses involves a higher degree of judgment and complexity than its other significant accounting policies. The allowance is the accumulation of three components that are calculated based on various independent methodologies that are based on management’s estimates.  The three components are as follows:  •Specific Loan Evaluation Component – Includes the specific evaluation of impaired loans. •Historical Charge-Off Component – Applies a rolling, eight-quarter historical charge-off rate to all pools of non-classified loans. •Qualitative Factors Component – The loan portfolio is broken down into multiple homogenous sub classifications, upon which multiple factors (such as delinquency trends, economic conditions, concentrations, growth/volume trends, and management/staff ability) are evaluated, resulting in an allowance amount for each of the sub classifications. The sum of these amounts comprises the Qualitative Factors Component.  All of these factors may be susceptible to significant change.  During 2016, the Bank reduced several of its qualitative factors in the commercial real estate segment of the loan portfolio for which it has not experienced losses or charge-offs.  Also, because the Bank is generally not originating commercial and industrial loans, the growth/volume trend factor was reduced. In general, because of the improving economy, the economic conditions factor was reduced for all categories of loans. To the extent actual outcomes differ from management’s estimates, additional provisions for loan losses may be required that would adversely impact earnings in future periods.  During 2015, the Bank reduced several of its qualitative factors in the commercial real estate segment of the loan portfolio for which it has not experienced losses or charge-offs.  In addition, the average historical loss factors increased for the commercial and industrial segment of the portfolio as a result of a $212,000 charge-off during the year. To the extent actual outcomes differ from management’s estimates, additional provisions for loan losses may be required that would adversely impact earnings in future periods.  According to the Bank’s policy, a loss (“charge-off”) is to be recognized and charged to the allowance for loan losses as soon as a loan is recognized as uncollectible.  All credits that are 90 days or more past due must be analyzed for the Bank’s ability to collect the outstanding principal and/or interest.  Once a loss is known to exist, the charge-off approval process must be followed for all loan types.  An analysis of the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the years 2016 and 2015 is as follows:  83    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  (in 000's)Year to Date ended December 31, 2016Commercial and industrialCommercial real estateConsumer real estateConsumer loans otherUnallocatedUnallocatedTotalBeginning balance$ 151$ 250$ 8$ 9$ -$ -$ 418Provision for possible loan losses(87)(30)151$ (101)32(69)Charge-offs-(41)(22)(5)--(68)Recoveries4-96--19Net charge-offs4(41)(13)1--(49)Ending balance$ 68$ 179$ 10$ 11$ (101)$ 32$ 300  (in 000's)Year to Date ended December31,2015Commercial and industrialCommercial real estateConsumer real estateConsumer loans otherUnallocatedUnallocatedTotalBeginning balance$ 403$ 300$ 20$ 12$ -$ -$ 735Provision for possible loan losses3(47)(18)(6)--(68)Charge-offs(259)(3)-(17)--(279)Recoveries4620--30Net charge-offs(255)(3)63--(249)Ending balance$ 151$ 250$ 8$ 9$ -$ -$ 418  (in 000's)Year to Date ended December31,2015Commercial and industrialCommercial real estateConsumer real estateConsumer loans otherUnallocatedUnallocatedTotalPeriod-end amount allocated to:Loans indivdually evaluated for impairment$ -$ 54$ -$ -$ -$ -$ 54Loans collectively  evaluated for impairment68125101132246$ 68$ 179$ 10$ 11$ -$ 32$ 300Loans, ending balance:Loans indivdually evaluated for impairment$ 352$ 1,731$ -$ -$ -$ -$               2,083Loans collectively  evaluated for impairment1,79719,7572,232966$ -24,752Total$ 2,149$ 21,488$ 2,232$ 966$ -$ -$             26,835  (in 000's)Year to Date ended December31,2015Commercial and industrialCommercial real estateConsumer real estateConsumer loans otherUnallocatedUnallocatedTotalPeriod-end amount allocated to:Loans indivdually evaluated for impairment$ 9$ 47$ -$ -$ -$ -$                    56Loans collectively  evaluated for impairment167164229-362$ 176$ 211$ 22$ 9$ -$ -$                  418Loans, ending balance:Loans indivdually evaluated for impairment$ 439$ 2,076$ -$ -$ -$ -$               2,515Loans collectively  evaluated for impairment2,62324,3382,8411,202031,004Total$ 3,062$ 26,414$ 2,841$ 1,202$ -$ -$             33,519  84    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  Troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”).  TDRs occur when a creditor, for economic or legal reasons related to a debtor’s financial condition, grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider, such as a below market interest rate, extending the maturity of a loan, or a combination of both. The Company made modifications to certain loans in its commercial loan portfolio that included the term out of lines of credit to begin the amortization of principal.  The terms of these loans do not include any financial concessions and are consistent with the current market.  Management reviews all loan modifications to determine whether the modification qualifies as a TDR (i.e. whether the creditor has been granted a concession or is experiencing financial difficulties).  Based on this review and evaluation, none of the loans modified during 2016 and 2015 met the criteria of a TDR.  In addition, the Company had no loans classified as TDRs at December 31, 2016 and 2015.  5.  BANK PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT  The major classes of bank premises and equipment and the total accumulated depreciation are as follows at December 31:  (In 000’s)Estimateduseful life20162015Leasehold improvements10-15 years$  832$   788Furniture and equipment3- 7 years1,3321,2972,1642,085Less accumulated depreciation(1,784)(1,592)$   380$   493  Depreciation expense on fixed assets totaled $190,334 and $177,987 for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  The Bank leases its facilities and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. The amount of expense for operating leases for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $471,540 and $481,721, respectively. Future minimum lease payments under operating leases are as follows:  (In 000’s) Year ending December 31,Operatingleases2017$  4812018492201948820204122021420Thereafter549Total minimum lease payments$2,842   85     UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  6. OTHER REAL ESTATE OWNED Other real estate owned (“OREO”) consists of properties acquired as a result of deed in-lieu-of foreclosure and foreclosures. Properties or other assets are classified as OREO and are reported at the lower of carrying value or fair value, less estimated costs to sell. Costs relating to the development or improvement of assets are capitalized, and costs relating to holding the property are charged to expense.  The following schedule reflects the components of other real estate owned at December 31, 2016 and 2015:  (in 000’s)201620152013Commercial real estate$ 298$ 297$ 191Residential real estate149183242Total$ 447$ 480$ 433  A summary of the change in other real estate owned follows: (in 000’s)Year Ended
December 31, 2016Year Ended
December 31, 2015Beginning Balance$ 480$ 564Additions, transfers from loans-148Sales(33)(271)496441Write-ups (write-downs)-39Ending Balance$ 447$ 480  The following table details the components of net expense of other real estate owned. (in 000’s)Year ended
December 31, 2016Year ended
December 31, 2015Insurance$ 23$ 15Legal fees16-Foreclosure fees56-Professional fees4-Real estate taxes2114Utilities23Transfer-in write-up-(88)Impairment charges-49Other418Total$ 126$ 11  7.  DEPOSITS  At December 31, 2016, the scheduled maturities of time deposits (certificates of deposit) are as follows:  (In 000’s)2017$ 9,3292018881201957202042202157Thereafter46$ 10,411  86    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  The Company has a significant deposit relationship with the City of Philadelphia for which deposits totaled approximately $2.5 million at December 31, 2016.  Total deposits in excess of $250,000 totaled $12,150,000 and $6,753,000 at December 31, 2016 and 2015,   respectively.  Additionally, deposits held by related parties totaled $314,000 at December 31, 2016.  8.   BORROWINGS  At December 31, 2016, the Bank has the ability to borrow up to $700,000 on a fully secured basis at the Discount Window of the Federal Reserve Bank for which the Bank currently has $750,000 in securities pledged.  As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Bank had no borrowings outstanding.  9.INCOME TAXES  At December 31, 2016, the Bank has net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $10,523,000 for income tax purposes that expire in 2021 through 2035.  Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amount used for income tax purposes.  For financial reporting purposes, a valuation allowance of $3,914,233 and $3,934,024 as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, has been recognized to offset the net deferred tax assets related to the cumulative temporary differences and the tax loss carry forwards.  Significant components of the Bank’s net deferred tax assets are as follows:  December 31,(in 000’s)20162015Deferred tax assets(liabilities):Provision for loan losses$     36$     46Unrealized (loss) gain on investment securities(32)10Depreciation(36)(36)Net operating carryforwards3,5783,538Other, net326386Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets(3,904)(3,934)Net deferred tax assets$     (32)$     10  20162015Effective rate reconciliation:Tax at statutory rate (34%)$  8$  (168)Nondeductible expenses98Increase in valuation allowance(31)160True-up of NOL3-Other11-Total tax expense$        -$        -  87    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  At December 31, 2016 and 2015, no valuation allowance was recorded for the deferred tax asset related to the unrealized holding losses on securities available-for-sale because the Company had the intent and the ability to hold these securities until recovery of the unrealized losses, which may be at maturity.  The Company will continue to monitor its deferred tax position and may make changes to the valuation allowance recorded as circumstances change.  Management has evaluated the Bank’s tax positions and concluded that the Bank has taken no uncertain tax positions that require adjustment to the financial statements. With few exceptions, the Bank is no longer subject to income tax examinations by the U.S. federal, state or local tax authorities for the years before 2013.  10.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT COMMITMENTS  The Bank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers.  These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and letters of credit, which are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the performance of an obligation of a customer to a third party.  Both arrangements have credit risk essentially the same as that involved in extending loans and are subject to the Bank’s normal credit policies.  Collateral may be obtained based on management’s assessment of the customer.  The Bank’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instruments is      represented by the contractual amount of those instruments.  A summary of the Bank’s financial instrument commitments is as follows:  20162015Commitments to extend credit$3,784,000$5,903,000Outstanding letters of credit317,000333,000  Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract and unused credit card lines.  Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.  Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee.  Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party.  The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.  88    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  11.  FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS  The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and to determine fair value disclosures. In accordance with the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic of FASB ASC 820, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Bank's various assets and liabilities. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument.  The fair value guidance provides a consistent definition of fair value, which focuses on exit price in an orderly transaction (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. If there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, a change in valuation technique or the use of multiple valuation techniques may be appropriate. In such instances, determining the price at which willing market participants would transact at the measurement date under current market conditions depends on the facts and circumstances and requires the use of significant judgment. The fair value is a reasonable point within the range that is most representative of fair value under current market conditions. In accordance with this guidance, the Company groups its assets and liabilities carried or disclosed at fair value in three levels as follows:  Level 1 Inputs ·Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. Level 2 Inputs ·Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets. ·Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active. ·Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for the term of the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates, yield curves, credit risks, prepayment speeds or volatilities) or “market corroborated inputs.” Level 3 Inputs ·Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable (i.e. supported by little or no market activity) and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. ·These assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.  An asset’s or liability’s financial categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  Fair Value on a Recurring Basis  Securities Available for Sale:  Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities would be classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities include money market funds. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flow. Level 2 securities include U.S. agency securities and agency mortgage backed securities. In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.  89     UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  Loans Held for Sale. Fair values are estimated by using actual quoted market bids for similar loans sold in active markets on or near the valuation date on a loan by loan basis.  Loans Held at Fair Value. Fair values are estimated based on the present value of future cashflows for each asset based on their unique characteristics, market-based assumptions for prepayment speeds, discount rates, default and voluntary prepayments as well as assumptions for losses and recoveries.  Servicing Assets. Fair values for servicing assets related to SBA loans are estimated based on the present value of future cashflows for each asset based on their unique characteristics, market-based assumptions for prepayment speeds, discount rates, default and voluntary prepayments as well as assumptions for losses and recoveries.  Assets on the consolidated balance sheets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below.  (in 000’s)Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:Assets/Liabilities Measured at Fair Value atQuoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)Significant Other Observable InputsSignificant Unobservable Inputs31-Dec-16(Level 2)(Level 3)Investment securitiesavailable-for-sale:U.S. Government agency securities$2,268$  -$2,268$    -Government Sponsored Enterprises residential mortgage-backed securities3,180-3,180-Money Market Funds130130-Total$5,578$130$5,448-Loans held for sale$7,794$   -$7,794$4,207Loans held at fair value$4,207$     -$       -$313Servicing asset$313$     -$     -  (in 000’s)Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:Assets/Liabilities Measured at Fair Value at December 31, 2015Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)Significant Unobservable Inputs  (Level 3)Investment securitiesavailable-for-sale:U.S. Government agency securities$3,662$  -$3,662$    -Government Sponsored Enterprises residential mortgage-backed securities3,7803,780-Money Market Funds130130--Total$7,572$130$7,442-Loans held for sale$3,261$   -$3,261$2,459Loans held at fair value$2,459$     -$       -$200Servicing asset$200$     -$     -  90    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the fair value of the Bank’s available-for-sale securities portfolio was approximately $5,578,000 and $7,572,000 respectively.  All the residential mortgage-backed securities were issued or guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”) or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”).  The underlying loans for these securities are residential mortgages that are geographically dispersed throughout the United States.  The valuation of AFS securities using Level 2 inputs was primarily determined using the market approach, which uses quoted prices for similar instruments and model-based valuation techniques for which the significant assumptions can be corroborated by market data.  There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 assets during the years ended December 31, 2016 or 2015.  When estimating the fair value of our Level 3 financial instruments, management uses various observable and unobservable inputs.  These inputs include estimated cashflows, prepayment speeds, average projected loss rate and discount rates as follows:  (in 000’s) Assets measured at fair valueDecember 31,  2016
Fair valueDecember 31,  2015
Fair valuePrincipal valuation techniquesSignificant observable inputsDecember 31,
2016
Range of inputsDecember 31,
2015
Range of inputsLoans held at fair value:$4,207$2,459Discounted cash flowConstant prepayment rate7.53% to 9.62 %7.10% to 9.88%Weighted average life3.05 yrs. to 9.95 yrs.3.40 yrs. to 8.78 yrs.Discount rate8.11% to 10.58 %7.76% to 9.94%Projected default rate0.77% to 6.64%1.15% to 5.88%  (in 000’s) Assets measured at fair valueDecember 31,   2016
Fair valueDecember 31, 2015
Fair ValuePrincipal valuation techniquesSignificant observable inputsDecember 31,  2016
Range of inputsDecember 31, 2015
Range of inputsServicing asset$313$ 200Discounted cash flowConstant prepayment rate4.89% to 9.96%6.57% to 10.27%Weighted average life3.05 yrs. to    9.70 yrs.3.40 yrs. to  8.78 yrs.Weighted average discount rate10.50% to 15.31%11.94 % to 16.23%  Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of assets that do not have a readily available market value, fair value as determined by management may fluctuate from period to period.  The following table summarizes additional information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which level 3 inputs were utilized to determine fair value:  Loans Held at Fair Value: (in 000’s)20162015Balance at December 31,$   2,459$   629Origination of loans2,0682,017Principal repayments(324)(185)Change in fair value4(2)Balance at December 31,$4,207$ 2,459  91    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  Servicing Asset: (in 000’s)20162015Balance at December 31,$   200$ 47Additions related to new loan originations160160Change in fair value(47)(7)Balance at December 31,$313$ 200  Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis  Certain assets are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment).  Impaired Loans (net of specific reserves):  The carrying value of certain impaired loans is derived in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 310, “Receivables”.  Impairment is determined based on the loan’s observable market price (appraisal) or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.  The valuation allowance for impaired loans is adjusted as necessary based on changes in the value of collateral as well as the cost of liquidation.  Other real estate owned:  Other real estate owned is carried at the lower of cost or fair value, which is measured at the foreclosure date. If the fair value of the collateral exceeds the carrying amount of the loan, no charge-off or adjustment is necessary, the loan is not considered to be carried at fair value, and is therefore not included in the table above. If the fair value of the collateral is less than the carrying amount of the loan, management will charge the loan down to its estimated realizable value. The fair value of OREO is based on the appraised value of the property, which is generally unadjusted by management and is based on comparable sales for similar properties in the same geographic region as the subject property, and is included in the above table as a Level 2 measurement. In some cases, management may adjust the appraised value due to the age of the appraisal, changes in market conditions, or observable deterioration of the property since the appraisal was completed. In these cases, the loans are categorized in the above table as Level 3 measurement since these adjustments are considered to be unobservable inputs. Income and expenses from operations and further declines in the fair value of the collateral subsequent to foreclosure are included in net expenses from OREO.  There was no valuation allowance for OREO at December 31, 2016 and 2015.  The following table presents the assets carried on the consolidated balance sheets by level within the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2016, for which a nonrecurring change in fair value has been recorded during the year ended December 31, 2016.  Carrying Value at December 31, 2016: (in 000’s)TotalQuoted Prices in Active markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)Total fair value loss during the year ended
December 31, 2016Impaired Loans$418---$418$  -Other real estate owned$ 447--$  447$  -  The following table presents the assets and liabilities carried on the consolidated balance sheets by level within the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2015, for which a nonrecurring change in fair value has been recorded during the year ended December 31, 2015.  92    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  Carrying Value at December 31, 2015: (in 000’s)TotalQuoted Prices in Active markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)Total fair value  loss during the year ended December 31, 2015Impaired Loans$2,424--$2,424$ -Other real estate owned$ 480--$  480$  39  Fair Value of Financial Instruments FASB ASC Topic 825 “Disclosure About Fair Value of Financial Instruments”, requires the disclosure of the fair value of financial instruments.  The methodology for estimating the fair value of financial assets that are measured on a recurring or non-recurring basis are discussed above.  The following methods and assumptions were used by the Bank in estimating its fair value disclosures for other financial instruments:  Cash and cash equivalents, accrued interest receivable, and accrued interest payable: The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet approximates fair value.  Loans (other than impaired loans): The fair value of loans was estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis, which considered estimated prepayments, amortizations, and nonperformance risk.  Prepayments and discount rates were based on current marketplace estimates and rates. Impaired Loans (net of specific reserves):  The carrying value of certain impaired loans is based on the loan’s observable market price (appraisal) or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.  The valuation allowance for impaired loans is adjusted as necessary based on changes in the value of collateral as well as the cost of liquidation.  Deposit liabilities: The fair values disclosed for demand deposits (e.g., interest and noninterest checking, passbook savings, and certain types of money market accounts) are equal to the amounts payable on demand at the reporting date (e.g., their carrying amounts).  The carrying amounts for variable-rate, fixed-term money market accounts and certificates of deposit approximate the fair values at the reporting date.  Fair values for fixed-rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation.  The Treasury Yield Curve was utilized for discounting cash flows as it approximates the average marketplace certificate of deposit rates across the relevant maturity spectrum.  Commitments to extend credit: The carrying amounts for commitments to extend credit approximate fair value as such commitments are not substantially different from the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present creditworthiness of the counterparts.  Such amounts were not significant.  93    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  The fair value of financial instruments at year-end are presented below:  (in 000’s) Level in20162015ValueCarryingFairCarryingFairAssets:HierarchyAmountValueAmountValueCash and cash equivalentsLevel 1$7,803$7,803$10,782$10,782Available for sale securities(1)5,5785,5787,5727,572Loans held for saleLevel 27,7947,7943,2613,261Loans held at fair valueLevel 34,2074,2072,4592,459Loans, net of allowance for loan losses(2)26,29626,61733,10133,082Servicing assetLevel 3313313200200Interest receivableLevel 1141141175175Liabilities:Demand depositsLevel 128,49728,49730,02230,022Savings depositsLevel 111,73511,73511,68111,681Time deposits(3)10,41110,39514,25914,242Interest PayableLevel 1111199 (1)Level 1 for money market funds; Level 2 for all other securities. (2)Level 2 for non-impaired loans; Level 3 for impaired loans. (3)Level 1 for variable rate instruments, Level 3 for fixed rate instruments/  12.  CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION—PARENT COMPANY ONLY  Condensed Balance Sheets (Dollars in thousands)20162015Assets:Investment in United Bank of Philadelphia$2,660$  2,680Total assets$2,660$2,680Shareholders’ equity:Series A preferred stock11Common stock88Additional paid-in capital14,75314,753Accumulated deficit(12,038)(12,063)Net unrealized holding losses on securities available-for-sale(64)(19)Total shareholders’ equity$2,660$2,680  Condensed Statements of Operations Years ended December 31,(Dollars in thousands)20162015Equity in net loss of subsidiary$ 25$ (495)Net loss$ 25$ (495)  94    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  Condensed Statements of Cash FlowsYears ended December 31,(Dollars in thousands)20162015Cash flows from operating activities:Net income (loss)$ 25$ (495)Adjustments:Equity in net income (loss) of subsidiary(25)495Net cash used in operating activities--Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year--Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$ -$ -  13.  REGULATORY MATTERS  The Bank engages in the commercial banking business, with a particular focus on serving African Americans, Hispanics and women, and is subject to substantial competition from financial institutions in the Bank’s service area.  As a bank holding company and a banking subsidiary, the Company and the Bank, respectively, are subject to regulation by the FDIC and the Pennsylvania Department of Banking (“PADOB”) and are required to maintain capital requirements established by those regulators. Effective January 1, 2010, the FDIC became the Bank’s primary regulator after it voluntarily surrendered its Federal Reserve Membership.  Prompt corrective actions may be taken by those regulators against banks that do not meet minimum capital requirements.  Prompt corrective actions range from restriction or prohibition of certain activities to the appointment of a receiver or conservator of an institution’s net assets.  Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary, actions by regulators that if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank’s financial statements.  Under capital adequacy guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices, the Bank’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.  Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of total Tier I capital (as defined in the regulations) for capital adequacy purposes to risk-weighted assets (as defined).  The most recent notification as of December 31, 2016, from the FDIC and PADOB categorized the Bank as “adequately capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt and corrective action due to the Consent Orders described below.  The Bank’s growth and other operating factors such as the need for additional provisions to the allowance for loans losses may have an adverse effect on its capital ratios.  The Company and the Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios are as follow as of December 31, 2016:  95    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  (In 000’s)ActualMinimum to be Well CapitalizedMinimum to be Adequately CapitalizedAmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatioTotal (Tier II) capital to risk weighted assets:Company$2,8979.08%N/ABank2,8979.083,19010.00%$2,5528.00%Tier I capital to risk weighted assetsCompany2,5978.14N/ABank2,5978.142,0748.00%$1,9146.00%Common equity Tier I capital to risk weighted assetsCompany2,5978.14N/ABank2,5978.142,0746.50%$1,4364.50%Tier I Leverage ratio (Tier I capital to total quarterly average assets)Company2,5974.82N/ABank2,5974.822,6925.00%$2,1544.00%Tangible common equity to tangible assetsCompany2,5974.82N/AN/AN/AN/ABank2,5974.82N/AN/AN/AN/A  The Company and the Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios are as follow as of December 31, 2015:  (In 000’s)ActualMinimum to be Well CapitalizedMinimum to be Adequately CapitalizedAmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatioTotal (Tier II) capital to risk weighted assets:Company$3,0818.50%N/ABank3,0818.50$3,62310.00%$2,8988.00%Tier I capital to risk weighted assetsCompany2,6637.35N/ABank2,6637.35$2,8998.00%$2,1736.00%Common equity Tier I capital to risk weighted assetsCompany2,6637.35N/ABank2,6637.35$2,3556.50%$1,6304.50%Tier I Leverage ratio (Tier I capital to total quarterly average assets)Company2,6634.57N/ABank2,6634.57$2,9155.00%$2,3324.00%Tangible common equity to tangible assetsCompany2,6634.52N/AN/AN/AN/ABank2,6634.52N/AN/AN/AN/A  On April 25, 2018, the Bank entered into stipulations consenting to the issuance of amended and restated Consent Orders with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and the Pennsylvania Department of Banking (“Department”) which serve as a prescriptive Restoration Plan providing benchmarks for capital, earnings and asset quality. The material terms of the Consent Orders are identical.  The requirements and status of items included in the Orders are as follows:  The Orders will remain in effect until modified or terminated by the FDIC and the Department and do not restrict the Bank from transacting its normal banking business.  The Bank will continue to serve its customers in all areas including making loans, establishing lines of credit, accepting deposits and processing banking transactions.  Customer deposits remain fully insured to the highest limits set by the FDIC.  The FDIC and the Department did not impose or recommend any monetary penalties in connection with the Consent Orders. The Board of Directors is optimistic about the Bank’s ability to achieve the requirements as stated.  These Orders represent a more tailored approach by regulators to strengthen and preserve minority-owned financial institutions like United Bank of Philadelphia.  The priority for the  96   Board of Directors and management is to promptly comply with the Order. UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  ·Increase participation of the Bank’s board of directors in the Bank’s affairs by having the board assume full responsibility for approving the Bank’s policies and objectives and for supervising the Bank’s management; ·Have and retain qualified management, and notify the FDIC and the Department of any changes in the Bank’s board of directors or senior executive officers. Add two additional board members with banking experience. ·Complete audited financial statements for 2016, 2017, and 2018. ·Formulate and implement a Restoration/Strategic Plan to increase profitability reduce expenses and improve operating performance and related ratios. ·Develop and implement a Strategic Plan for each year during which the orders are in effect, to be revised Develop a written capital plan detailing the manner in which the Bank will meet and maintain a ratio of Tier 1 capital to total assets (“leverage ratio”) of at least 8.5% and a ratio of qualifying total capital to risk-weighted assets (total risk-based capital ratio) of at least 12.5%, by September 2019; ·Formulate a written plan to improve asset quality and reduce the Bank’s risk positions in  assets classified as “Doubtful” or “Substandard” at its regulatory examination; ·Eliminate all assets classified as “Loss” at its current regulatory examination; ·Refrain from accepting any brokered deposits; ·Refrain from paying cash dividends without prior approval of the FDIC and the Department; ·Prepare and submit quarterly reports to the FDIC and the Department detailing the actions taken to secure compliance with the Orders.  As of December 31, 2016, the Bank’s tier one leverage capital ratio was 4.82% and its total risk based capital ratio was 9.08%. These ratios are below the levels required by the Consent Orders.  Management is in the process of addressing all matters outlined in the Consent Orders.  The Bank has increased the participation of the Bank’s Board of Directors in the Bank’s affairs and has established an oversight committee of the Board of Directors of the Bank with the responsibility to insure the Bank’s compliance with the Consent Orders.  Management has developed the written plans and policies required by the Consent Orders and will continue to endeavor to comply with the terms and conditions of the Orders.  14.  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES  The Bank is a defendant in certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business.  In the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, the ultimate disposition of these matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition of the Company.  15.  SUBSEQUENT EVENTS  In 2016, correspondence was sent to financial institutions in the region to encourage them to consider an investment for CRA credit. In March 2017, the Bank received a preferred stock investment from Fulton Financial totaling $675,000.   As a result of this preferred stock investment, the Bank’s Tier 1 capital improved to 5.53% at March 31, 2017.  In addition, in April 2019, the bank received an economic stimulus grant from the City of Philadelphia which improved its Tier I leverage capital ratio to 7.80%. Under PCA standards, the Bank is considered “well capitalized”.  97     16.  EARNINGS PER SHARE COMPUTATION  Net income (loss) per common share is calculated as follows: Year ended December 31, 2016LossSharesPer share(numerator)(denominator)amountNet income$ 24,537Basic  EPSIncome attributable to common stockholders$ 24,537826,921$  0.03Diluted EPSIncome attributable to common stockholders$ 24,537826,921$  0.03  Year ended December 31, 2015LossSharesPer share(numerator)(denominator)amountNet loss$ (494,775)Basic  EPSLoss attributable to common stockholders$ (494,775)863,999$  (0.57)Diluted EPSLoss attributable to common stockholders$ (494,775)863,999$  (0.57)  There were no common stock equivalents for the years December 31, 2016 and 2015.  The preferred stock is non-cumulative and the Company is restricted from paying dividends.  Therefore, no effect of the preferred stock is included in the earnings per share calculations.  17.  SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS (UNAUDITED)  The following summarizes the company’s consolidated results of operations during 2016 and 2015, on a quarterly basis:  (Dollars in thousands) 2016FourthThirdSecondFirstQuarterQuarterQuarterQuarterInterest income$   614$   642$  737$593Interest expense17171616Net interest income597625721577Provision (credit) for loan losses(19)(45)30(35)Net interest after provision for loan losses616670691612Noninterest income538392705288Noninterest expense1,1461,1621,0801,099Net income (loss)$ 8$(100)$ 316$  (199)Basic income (loss) per common share$ 0.01$ (0.12)$0.38$ (0.24)Diluted income (loss) per common share$ 0.01$ (0.12)$0.38$ (0.24)  98    UNITED BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY  NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED  December 31, 2016 and 2015  (Dollars in thousands) 2015FourthThirdSecondFirstQuarterQuarterQuarterQuarterInterest income$   609$   636$  630$712Interest expense17171718Net interest income592619613694Provision (credit) for loan losses(51)83(40)(60)Net interest after provision for loan losses643536653754Noninterest income420334307336Noninterest expense1,2451,0801,0781,075Net income (loss)$ (182)$ (210)$ (118)$  15Basic income (loss) per common share$ (0.21)$ (0.24)$(0.13)$ 0.01Diluted income (loss) per common share$ (0.21)$ (0.24)$(0.13)$ 0.01  99     Commission File No. 0-25976   SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION   FORM 10-K  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF  THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934  For the Year Ended December 31, 2016   UNITED BANCSHARES, INC.   EXHIBITS   EXHIBIT (31.1) EXHIBIT (31.2) EXHIBIT (32.1)(A) EXHIBIT (32.2) (B)  100