U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

Healthy Housing Inspection Manual
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page I

Healthy Housing 

Inspection Manual

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
Page II | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

SUGGESTED CITATION: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and U.S. Department of Housing 

and Urban Development. Healthy housing inspection manual. Atlanta: US Department of Health and 

Human Services; 2008. 

Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Centers for Disease 

Control and Prevention, the Public Health Service, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 

the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, or the National Center for Healthy Housing.

For additional copies of this manual, download a PDF (http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/publications/books/

inspectionmanual) or order a CD-ROM (1-800-CDC-INFO or cdcinfo@cdc.gov). Minimally formatted wordprocessing files are available for programs that would like to customize the manual for their own use. 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page III

Contents

PREFACE......................................................................................................................................................1

Format of This Manual..........................................................................................................................3

Section 1. Healthy Homes Model Resident Questionnaire .......................................................4

General Housing Characteristics .................................................................................................................5

Indoor Pollutants ..........................................................................................................................................6

Home Safety ................................................................................................................................................7

Voluntary Health Assessment Data..............................................................................................................8

Section 2. Healthy Homes Visual Assessment Data Collection Form................................. 10

Instructions for Visual Assessment Observations ...................................................................................... 11

Site (Items 1–29)........................................................................................................................................12

 Fencing and Gates ..............................................................................................................................12

 Grounds or Pavement .........................................................................................................................12

 Children’s Play Areas ..........................................................................................................................14

 Other....................................................................................................................................................15

 Comments, Site Section......................................................................................................................17

Building Exterior (Items 30–62)................................................................................................................. 18

 Doors...................................................................................................................................................18

 Fire Escapes........................................................................................................................................19

 Foundations.........................................................................................................................................20

 Lighting................................................................................................................................................20

 Roofs ...................................................................................................................................................21

 Walls....................................................................................................................................................22

 Windows..............................................................................................................................................24

 Comments, Exterior Section................................................................................................................25

Building Systems (Items 63–81) ............................................................................................................... 26

 Electrical Systems ...............................................................................................................................26

 Fire Protection .....................................................................................................................................27

 HVAC...................................................................................................................................................28

 Comments, Building Systems Section................................................................................................. 30
Page IV | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Common Areas (Items 82–102)................................................................................................................ 31

 Elevators..............................................................................................................................................31

 Signage ...............................................................................................................................................31

 Smoking Area ......................................................................................................................................31

 Interior Trash .......................................................................................................................................31

 Outlets, Switches, Cover Plates ..........................................................................................................31

 Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Detectors............................................................................................. 32

 Walkways/Steps ..................................................................................................................................32

 Ceiling..................................................................................................................................................32

 Floors...................................................................................................................................................33

 Comments, Common Areas Section ................................................................................................... 35

Housing Unit (Items 103–196) .................................................................................................................. 36

 Bathroom.............................................................................................................................................36

 Ceiling, Floors, and Walls....................................................................................................................38

 Doors...................................................................................................................................................40

 Electrical..............................................................................................................................................41

 Water Heater .......................................................................................................................................42

 HVAC System......................................................................................................................................43

 Kitchen.................................................................................................................................................45

 Laundry Area .......................................................................................................................................47

 Lighting................................................................................................................................................48

 Patio/Porch/Deck/Balcony...................................................................................................................48

 Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Detectors............................................................................................. 49

 Stairs ...................................................................................................................................................50

 Windows..............................................................................................................................................50

 Comments, Housing Unit Section........................................................................................................ 51

Other Items (Items 197–229).................................................................................................................... 52

 Garbage and Debris ............................................................................................................................52

 Injury Hazards .....................................................................................................................................52

	 	 Childproofing Measures.......................................................................................................................53

 Poisoning Hazards ..............................................................................................................................53

 Pest Hazards.......................................................................................................................................54

 Moisture Hazards ................................................................................................................................55

 Swimming Pool, Spa, or Whirlpool ...................................................................................................... 55

 Other Hazards .....................................................................................................................................56

 Comments, Other Items Section .........................................................................................................57

Overall Comments on This Inspection ...................................................................................................... 58
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page V

Appendix 1: Description of Health and Safety Conditions Identified on the Visual Assessment Form... 59

Site (Items 1–29)....................................................................................................................................... 59

 Fencing and Gates ..............................................................................................................................59

 Grounds or Pavement .........................................................................................................................59

 Children’s Play Areas ..........................................................................................................................60

 Other....................................................................................................................................................61

Building Exterior (Items 30–62)................................................................................................................. 62

 Doors...................................................................................................................................................62

 Fire Escapes........................................................................................................................................63

 Foundations.........................................................................................................................................64

 Lighting................................................................................................................................................64

 Roofs ...................................................................................................................................................64

 Walls....................................................................................................................................................65

 Windows..............................................................................................................................................66

Building Systems (Items 63–81) ............................................................................................................... 67

 Electrical Systems (Building)...............................................................................................................67

 Fire Protection (Building).....................................................................................................................68

 HVAC (Building)...................................................................................................................................69

Common Areas (Items 82–102)................................................................................................................ 70

 Elevators..............................................................................................................................................70

 Signage ...............................................................................................................................................70

 Smoking Areas ....................................................................................................................................70

 Interior Trash .......................................................................................................................................70

 Outlets, Switches, Cover Plates ..........................................................................................................70

 Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Detectors............................................................................................. 70

 Walkways/Steps ..................................................................................................................................70

 Ceiling..................................................................................................................................................71

 Floors...................................................................................................................................................71
Page VI | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Housing Unit (Items 103–196) .................................................................................................................. 72

 Bathroom.............................................................................................................................................72

 Ceiling, Floors, and Walls....................................................................................................................74

 Doors...................................................................................................................................................74

 Electrical..............................................................................................................................................75

 Water Heater .......................................................................................................................................76

 HVAC...................................................................................................................................................76

 Kitchen.................................................................................................................................................77

 Laundry Area .......................................................................................................................................79

 Lighting................................................................................................................................................79

 Patio/Porch/Balcony ............................................................................................................................79

 Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Detectors............................................................................................. 80

 Stairs ...................................................................................................................................................80

 Windows..............................................................................................................................................81

Other Items (Items 197–229).................................................................................................................... 81

 Garbage and Debris ............................................................................................................................81

 Injury Hazards .....................................................................................................................................82

	 	 Childproofing Measures.......................................................................................................................82

 Poisoning Hazards ..............................................................................................................................82

 Pest Hazards.......................................................................................................................................82

 Moisture Hazards ................................................................................................................................83

 Swimming Pool, Spa, or Whirlpool ...................................................................................................... 83

 Other Hazards .....................................................................................................................................84

Comments and Notes ................................................................................................................................84

Appendix 2: 2003 International Property Maintenance Code (2003 IPMC) Cross-References............ 85

Appendix 3: Additional Resources........................................................................................................ 87

Optional Environmental Sampling Methods: Links to Information on the Internet .................................... 87

Selected Web References for Healthy Homes Issues .............................................................................. 88
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 1

Preface 

The Healthy Housing Inspection Manual completes the foundation of the 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) Healthy Homes Initiative. The manual 

reflects the ongoing commitment of both CDC and the U.S. Department of Housing and 

Urban Development (HUD) to work together to provide local jurisdictions with tools to 

address housing-related health hazards. Development of this manual was supported by the 

HUD and CDC Healthy Homes Initiatives.

The agencies’ initiatives related to healthy homes were created to develop a holistic approach 

to healthy housing based on the following broad objectives:

•	Broaden the scope of single-issue public health and safety programs—such as

childhood lead poisoning prevention, residential asthma intervention, injury prevention—

to adopt a holistic approach addressing multiple housing deficiencies that affect health 

and safety.

•	Build competency among environmental public health practitioners, public health

nurses, housing specialists, housing owners, housing managers, and others who work 

in the community so they can incorporate healthy housing activities into their 

professional activities.

•	Develop national healthy homes capacity through crossdisciplinary grants, contracts,

and other activities at the federal, state, tribal, and community levels that research and 

demonstrate low-cost, effective home hazard assessment and intervention methods.

•	Develop effective education and outreach materials, with a particular focus on

high-risk populations, to increase public awareness of residential hazards and highlight 

effective actions households can take to reduce the risk for illness and injury. 
Page 2 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

The Healthy Housing Inspection Manual is a model reference tool that local jurisdictions 

or others may use as is or modify based on local needs. Use of the manual is expected to 

improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the public health, housing management, and 

workforces that identify, prevent, and control health problems associated with housing. 

The manual does not introduce any inspection requirements, nor does it modify any existing 

inspection requirements for housing agencies, residents, HUD, or CDC. The manual is not 

a substitute for the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Minimum Property Standards. 

Finally, the manual does not propose to establish any regulatory authority for HUD or CDC 

with regard to residential inspection requirements.

The Healthy Housing Inspection Manual takes environmental health professionals and 

housing managers, specialists, and inspectors through the elements of a holistic home 

inspection. It is also a useful reference tool for nurses, outreach workers, and others who 

are interested in preventing illness and injury due to residential health and safety hazards. 

The Healthy Housing Inspection Manual addresses the broad range of housing deficiencies 

and hazards that can affect residents’ health and safety. The purpose of the manual is to 

•	improve communication and collaboration among public health professionals, housing

professionals, property owners and property managers, 

•	increase the understanding of the relations among exposure to hazardous agents,

conditions in the home, and adverse health outcomes, and 

•	improve the ability of programs to address an array of housing deficiencies in an

efficient, effective, and timely manner. 

HUD and CDC have also jointly developed and funded other important activities related to 

healthy homes, including 

•	a healthy housing curriculum that addresses the training needs of environmental public

health practitioners, public health nurses, housing specialists, and others interested 

in building local capacity to address housing-related health hazards (Healthy Homes 

Training Center and Network, http://www.healthyhomestraining.org).
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 3

•	the Healthy Housing Reference Manual, which gives public health and housing 

professionals the tools necessary to ensure that housing stock is safe, decent, and 

healthy for our citizens, particularly children and the elderly, who are often most 

vulnerable and spend more time in the home (http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/publications/

books/housing/housing.htm). 

Format of this Manual

HUD and CDC recommend that section 1, the Healthy Housing Model Resident 

Questionnaire (a voluntary health assessment), be completed first. The questionnaire should 

be used to collect information that cannot be determined visually. Information from the 

questionnaire can provide important clues that point to housing deficiencies. 

Section 2, the Visual Assessment Data Collection Form, should be used to collect 

information that can be determined without asking questions of a resident. This form 

includes detailed assessment of exterior housing, kitchen, bathroom, and living area, 

as well as a general building information. 

This manual also contains three supporting appendices: 

•	a data dictionary that defines housing deficiencies listed in the Visual Assessment

Data Collection Form; 

•	a cross-reference to code provisions in the 2003 International Property Maintenance

Code (2003 IPMC); and

•	additional resources (links to environmental sampling methods and to more

information about substances or issues related to healthy housing). 
Page 4 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Section 1 

Healthy Homes Model Resident Questionnaire

Information from questionnaire responses such as these can provide important clues that point to 

housing deficiencies. The Healthy Homes Model Resident Questionnaire is a tool that can be adapted 

by local jurisdictions to meet their specific needs. Be sure to follow local jurisdiction regulations for 

the collection and safeguarding of personal data. 

For example, jurisdictions may want to add questions about 

• whether the respondent owns or rents the building/unit 

• the name and contact information of the building/unit owner (rental units) 

• whether the building/unit is privately owned or owned by a public housing authority

• whether the government pays some of the cost of the building/unit

• the name of the person who is responding to the questionnaire.

This questionnaire was adapted from the pediatric environmental home assessment (PEHA) created 

by the National Center for Healthy Housing. PEHA forms and a PEHA Nursing Care Plan can be 

downloaded from http://www.healthyhomestraining.org/Nurse/PEHA.htm. 

The questionnaire should be used to collect information that cannot be determined without asking 

questions of a resident. Information that can be determined visually should be collected on the 

Visual Assessment Data Collection Form (Section 2).

Was questionnaire administered? 

qYes qNo qWhy not:____________________________________________________ qVacant

Date: _______________________ Name of Questionnaire Administrator: _____________________

Building and/or Unit Address: _________________________________________________________

City, State, Zip: _____________________________________________________________________

No. of persons living in unit:_______________ No. of children:_______________

Age of children living in unit:_______________

Unit status qOccupied qVacant

Note: For each questionnaire item, bolded responses indicate areas of greater concern. 

Responses are ordered from most potential hazard to least potential hazard.
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 5

General Housing Characteristics

Type of ownership qOwn house qRental house

Age of home qPre-1950 q1950–1978 qDo not know qPost-1978

Floors lived in 

(check all that 

apply) 

qBasement q1st q2nd q3rd or higher 

Heating filters

changed in past 

3 months

qNo qDo not know qYes qNot applicable

Heating filters (type) qDo not know qHEPA filter qNot applicable

Heating control qHard to 

control heat 

qEasy to 

control heat 

Cooling 

method used

qNo air 

conditioning

qWindows qFans qCentral/window 

air conditioner

Ventilation (check 

all that apply) 

qOpens window at 

least once a week 

qKitchen and 

bathroom fans 

qWhole-house 

ventilation 

House/unit built 

with radon

mitigation venting

qNo qDo not know qYes

Chimney inspected 

or cleaned in past 

year

qNo qDo not know qYes

Heating system; 

water heater; and 

other gas, oil, 

or coal-burning 

appliances serviced 

by a qualified technician every year

qNo qDo not know qYes

House/unit garbage 

collection

qOnce every 

2 weeks 

qOnce every week qTwice every week qOther: 

House/unit water 

source (city water)

qNo qDo not know qYes

House/unit on city 

sewer

qNo qDo not know qYes

House/unit water 

source (individual 

well)1

qYes qDo not know qNo

Well tested at least 

once per year for 

coliform bacteria, 

nitrates, etc. 

qNo qDo not know qYes qNot applicable

Well test results qDo not know qKnown (provide): qNot applicable

Septic tank pumped qNo qDo not know qDate: qNot applicable

Well and septic 

system: location

qDo not know qKnown (where?): qNot applicable

Well and septic 

system: distance 

between systems

qDo not know qKnown 

(how much?):

qNot applicable

1

It would be useful to know what type of well (e.g., dug, bored, driven, drilled) and absorption system 

(cesspool, seepage pit, trench system, elevated mounds/sand, other) serves the house/unit. Jurisdictions may wish 

to think about including that information in a questionnaire or obtaining such information from other sources. 
Page 6 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Indoor pollutants

Mold and moisture qVisible water/

mold damage 

qMusty odor 

evident

qUses dehumidifier qNo damage 

or odor

Any water 

problems?

qInside dampness during 

heavy rains

qNo complaints

Pets: presence qDog (#________) qCat (#________) qOther: ________ qNo pets

Pets: management qFull access 

in home 

qNot allowed in 

bedroom

qKept strictly 

outdoors 

qSleeping location: 

Pests: cockroaches qFamily shows 

evidence

qFamily reports Present in 

qkitchen

qbedroom

qother

qNone

Pests: mice qFamily shows 

evidence

qFamily reports Present in 

qkitchen

qbedroom

qother

qNone

Pests: rats qFamily shows 

evidence

qFamily reports Present in 

qkitchen

qbedroom

qother

qNone

Pests: bedbugs qFamily shows 

evidence

qFamily reports Present in 

qbedroom

qother

qNone

Pests: use of 

sprays, “bombs,” 

or traps 

qOnce a week qOnce a month qOnce a year qNone

Lead paint hazards2 qLoose, peeling, 

or chipping, 

paint, bare soil 

qNot tested/

Don’t know 

qTested, failed, 

and mitigated

qTested 

and passed

Asbestos: flooring

that might contain 

asbestos3

qDamaged 

material 

qNot tested/

Don’t know 

qTested, failed, 

and mitigated

qTested – 

None present

Asbestos: recently 

disturbed (e.g., 

sanding, chipping) flooring that

might contain 

asbestos3

qYes qDon’t know qNo

Radon qFailed test but 

not mitigated

qNot tested/

Don’t know

qTested, failed, 

and mitigated

qTested 

and passed

Tobacco smoke 

exposure4

qSmoking 

allowed indoors

qCaregiver 

smokes

qSmoking only 

allowed outdoors 

qNo smoking 

allowed

Other irritants qPotpourri, 

incense, candles

qAir fresheners qOther strong 

odors (list):

qNone

Air freshener use 

(how often)

qContinuously qOnce a week qOnce a month qNever

Type of cleaning qSweep or 

dry mop

qVacuum 

(non-HEPA)

qHEPA vacuum qDamp mop and 

damp dusting

Vacuum (how often) qOnce a month 

or less

qOnce a week qOnce a day qNo carpet
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 7

Damp mop (how 

often) kitchen, 

bath, other hard 

floors

qNever qOnce a day qOnce a week qOnce a month 

or less 

Air purifier use qYes qNo qDon’t know

Humidifier or

dehumidifier use

qReservoir 

not cleaned 

once a week

qReservoir cleaned 

once a week

2

This may be an opportunity for local jurisdictions to check for Section 1018 [lead paint disclosure] compliance. 

3

9×9 older floor tile, 12×12 floor tile, sheet linoleum, mastic [glue used under floor tile or linoleum]. 4

Local jurisdictions may want to add details about where smoking is allowed (e.g., bedroom, playroom) 

and how many smokers live in the the house/unit. 

home safety 

Poison control and 

other emergency 

response numbers

qNot posted by 

any phone 

qNot posted by 

every phone

qPosted by every 

phone

qNo land-line 

phone

All drugs and 

medicines stored in 

childproof cabinets 

out of reach of 

children

qNo qYes

Family fire

escape plan

qNone qDeveloped 

and have 

copy available

Safe place to 

meet outside 

in case of fire

qNo qYes

Home fire drill

practiced in last 

6 months 

qNo qYes

Tested smoke 

alarms in past 

6 months 

qNo qYes

Portable space 

heaters always 

turned off when 

adults leave the 

room or go to sleep

qNo qYes

Indoor pollutants (continued) 
Page 8 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

voluntary health assessment data

Have you or anyone in the home had any of these conditions in the last 12 months or since you moved into 

this house/unit? Do any of these symptoms worsen when you enter the house/unit or while you are there? 

Do they improve after leaving? If yes, please describe.

•	 Allergies

•	 Doctor-diagnosed asthma 

•	 Asthma symptoms (cough,

wheezing, shortness of breath, 

chest tightness, and phlegm

without a cold or respiratory 

infection)

•	 Chronic bronchitis

•	 Ear infections (three or more) 

•	 Eye irritation

•	 Frequent headaches

or migraines

•	 Hay fever

•	 Respiratory disease

•	 Sinus problems

•	 Skin infection/rash

injuries

During the past 3 months, did you/did you or anyone in your family have an injury where any part of the body

was hurt (including burns, electric shock, or falls)?5

Did you talk to or see a medical professional about any of these injuries? 

Please describe the circumstances or events leading to the injury, and any objects, substances, or other people 

involved. Include what the person was doing at the time.

Poisonings

Have you or anyone in your family been poisoned in the house/unit by swallowing or breathing in a harmful 

substance such as bleach, carbon monoxide, or too many pills or prescription medications? Do not include food 

poisoning, sun poisoning, or poison ivy.

How many different poisonings occurred? 

Please describe the circumstances or events leading to the poisoning/s, and any objects, substances, or other 

people involved. Include what the person was doing at the time.

Did you talk to or see a medical professional about any poisonings?

Have any children <6 years of age in the house/unit been tested for lead poisoning? 

If yes, what were the test results?

Is the gas stove or oven ever used to heat the home?

Do you use an unvented space heater or fireplace? How often? What type of fuel do these items use?

5Jurisdictions may wish to consider that some of these responses could be a result of behavior issues 

rather than structural issues.
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 9

Other Issues

What is the occupation of adults in the household?

If residents are responsible for maintaining the swimming pool/hot tub, do you have the required water testing 

equipment? Are pool chemicals stored safely?

If you have firearms in your house/unit and young children live in or visit the house/unit, do the firearms have 

trigger locks or are they locked away and inaccessible to children? 

Are bathroom and kitchen exhaust fans used often?
Page 10 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Section 2 

Healthy Homes Visual Assessment Data Collection Form

The Healthy Homes Visual Assessment Data Collection Form is a tool that can be adapted 

by local jurisdictions to meet their specific needs. 

The visual assessment should be used to collect information that can be determined without 

asking questions of a resident. Information that cannot be determined visually should be 

collected on the Healthy Homes Model Resident Questionnaire (Section 1). 

The visual assessment form and accompanying description of health and safety conditions 

(Appendix 1) are adapted from the HUD Public Housing Assessment System (PHAS) and its 

Physical Assessment Subsystem (PASS) as well as from inspection protocols used by HUD 

healthy homes program grantees. 

Date of Assessment _________________________________________________________________

Building and/or Unit Street Address ___________________________________________________

City/State/Zip Code _________________________________________________________________

Name of Data Collector _____________________________________________________________

Signature __________________________________________________________________________

Weather conditions:

q Dry q Rain today or recently q Snow today or recently

Temperature: ___________°F

Front door of unit faces:

q North qSouth qEast q West

Type of unit being assessed:

qSingle-family qDuplex qTriplex qFourplex

qTownhome qLow-rise qHigh-rise qOther

	 (1–3 floors) 	 (4+ floors)

Unit status:

qOccupied qVacant
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 11

Instructions for Visual Assessment Observations

• Select only one answer per question. If more than one answer is possible, record the 

most severe hazard and note the others in the comments section at the end of each section.

• Complete one set of “site” observations for each building or housing development.

• Complete one set of “exterior and building system” observations for each building.

• Complete one set of “common area” observations for each building. Do not complete 

the common area section if no common area exists.

• Complete one set of “unit” and “other” observations for each housing unit inspected.

• Document deviations from inspection protocol in the comments section space 

(e.g., units not available for inspection)

• Specific locations of specific hazards can be recorded in the comments section if desired.

For each assessment item, bolded responses indicate areas of greater concern. 

Imminent health and safety hazards appear in red. 

Each response is defined. There is one response for each item. For descriptions of health and 

safety conditions and cross references to the 2003 IPMC, see Appendix 1.

This inspection protocol does not establish legal and/or complete compliance with local, state, 

federal or other applicable housing, building, health, safety or other applicable policies, codes, 

regulations, statutes and laws.

Major Visual Assessment Areas

 Site (Items 1–29) ................................................................................................................................ 12

 Building Exterior (Items 30–62) .......................................................................................................... 18

 Building Systems (Items 63–81)......................................................................................................... 26

 Common Areas (Items 82–102).......................................................................................................... 31

 Housing Unit (Items 103–196)............................................................................................................ 36

 Other Items (Items 197–229).............................................................................................................. 52
Page 12 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Site (Items 1–29)

Items to inspect in this category are 

•	 Fencing and Gates

•	Grounds or Pavement

•	 Children’s Play Areas

•	Other

A comment area for the site category is also included in this section. 

Fencing and Gates

Site 1. Damaged/Falling/Leaning/Deteriorated Paint

qDamaged but not functional or deteriorated paint in an area larger than 20 square feet: An exterior 

fence or gate is so damaged that it does not function as it should. An exterior fence, security fence, 

or gate is damaged and does not function as it should or could threaten safety or security.

qNo fencing or gates present

qDamaged but functional; no deteriorated paint areas larger than 20 square feet: An exterior fence, 

security fence, or gate shows signs of deterioration, but still functions as it should, and it presents no 

risk to security or safety

qNo damage

Site 2. Holes or Openings in Soil Below Fence

q≥6 square inches 

q<6 square inches

qNo holes or not applicable

Grounds or Pavement

Site 3. Areas of Erosion

qLarge erosion (depression, rut or groove more than 8 inches wide by 5 inches deep): 

Runoff has extensively displaced soil, which has caused visible damage to structures 

-OR-Advanced erosion threatens the safety of pedestrians or makes an area of the grounds unusable 

-OR-There is a rut larger than 8 inches wide by 5 inches deep

-OR-There is extensive ponding 

-OR-Water or ice has collected in a depression or on ground where ponding was not intended

qPooling of water (small erosion; depression, rut or groove less than 8 inches wide by 5 inches deep):

Erosion has caused surface material to collect, leading to a degraded surface that would likely cause 

water to pool in a confined area, especially next to structures, paved areas, or walkways, or a small 

rut/groove is 6–8 inches wide and 3–5 inches deep

qNo erosion 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 13

Site 4. Overgrown Vegetation 

qVegetation has damaged building. Plants have visibly damaged a component, area, or system of the 

property or have made them unusable/impassable. Vegetation is extensive and dense; it is difficult to 

see broken glass, holes, and other hazards. 

-OR-Vegetation penetrates an unintended surface—buildings; gutters; fences/walls; roofs; heating,

ventilation, and air conditioning units (HVAC); etc. 

-OR-Vegetation is producing excessive moisture that may lead to mold or mildew on nearby exterior 

building surface 

-OR-Tree is in danger of falling

qVegetation is present or contacts building, but no damage: Extensive, dense vegetation obstructs 

the intended path of walkways or roads, but the path is still passable 

-OR-Vegetation is present but causes no problem

qNo vegetation present 

Site 5. Graffiti

q6 or more places: Graffiti in 6 or more places

q2–5 places: Graffiti in 2–5 places

qOne place: Graffiti in one place

qNo graffiti 

Site 6. Litter

qExcessive: More than 10 large trash or litter items

qSlight or Moderate: 2–10 large trash or litter items

qNone: Fewer than 2 large trash or litter items

Site 7. Cracks in Pavement

q≥3⁄4 inch, hinging/tilting, or missing section(s) that affect traffic ability over more than 5% of the 

property’s parking lots/driveways/roads or that cause trip hazards: major trip hazard

q<3⁄4 inch displacement (vertical height): minor trip hazard

qNo cracks: level 

Site 8. Fire Ants/Mounds or Harmful Insects

qYes: Presence of fire ants/mounds or harmful insects

qNo: Fire ants/mounds or harmful insects not seen

Site 9. Containers That Hold Water

qYes: Presence of water-holding containers conducive to mosquito breeding

qNo: Water-holding containers not present
Page 14 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Children’s Play Areas

Site 10. Equipment

qEquipment that poses an immediate threat: Report to building management/owner

immediately and record specifics in the comments section

q≥50% of surface area broken/damaged: Most of the equipment (50% or more) does not operate as it 

should, but poses no safety risk

q<50% of surface area broken/damaged: Less than half of the equipment does not operate as it should, 

but poses no safety risk

qNo play equipment observed (skip to Site 21)

Site 11. Paint Condition

qDeteriorated paint on ≥50% of surface area of play area equipment

qDeteriorated paint on <50% of surface area of play area equipment

-OR-No deteriorated paint on play area equipment

Site 12. Bare Soil

q≥9 square feet of bare soil present in play area

q<9 square feet of bare soil present in play area 

Site 13. Injury-absorbent Surface Depth

qNo: No injury-absorbent surface under playground equipment or injury-absorbent surface depth less 

than 12 inches

qYes: Injury-absorbent surface under playground equipment at proper depth (at least 12 inches) 

13b. Surface type: ___________________________________________________________________

Site 14. Deteriorated Injury-absorbent Surface

qYes: Injury-absorbent surface ≥50% deteriorated

qYes: Injury-absorbent surface <50% deteriorated

qNo deterioration 

Site 15. Fencing and Gates

qDamaged, not functional: An interior fence or gate is so damaged that it does not function as it should. 

An exterior fence, security fence, or gate is damaged and does not function as it should or could 

threaten safety or security.

qDamaged, but functional: An exterior fence, security fence, or gate shows signs of deterioration, 

but still functions as it should, and it presents no risk to security or safety 

qNo damage

qNo play area fencing/gates
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 15

Site 16. Condition 

qRefuse, animal feces, broken glass/sharp edges, or holes/trip hazards observed

qNo refuse, animal feces, broken glass/sharp edges, or holes/trip hazards observed 

Site 17. Exposed Bolts

qYes: Exposed bolts are found on the playground equipment

qNo: Playground equipment does not have exposed bolts

Site 18. Hanging or Choking Hazards

qYes: Hanging and/or choking hazards on playground equipment

qNo: No hanging and/or choking hazards present on playground equipment

Site 19. Open “S” Hooks

qYes: Open “S” hooks on swings or other playground equipment

qNo: No open “S” hooks on swings or other playground equipment

Site 20. Pinch Hazards

qYes: Pinch hazards on playground equipment

qNo: No pinch hazards on playground equipment

Other

Site 21. Refuse Disposal

qWall or roof for outdoor enclosed area is leaning or collapsed 

-OR-Concrete slab deteriorated

qCollection area overflowing: Area is too small to store refuse until pickup

-OR-Garbage cans are overflowing

qNo exterior refuse disposal

qRefuse properly contained

Site 22. Retaining Walls

qSevere deterioration/safety risk: A retaining wall is damaged and does not function as it should or is a 

safety risk

qSome deterioration: A retaining wall shows some signs of deterioration, but it still functions as it should, 

and it is not a safety risk

qNo deterioration

qNo retaining walls present

Site 23. Standing Water

qYes: Storm drainage areas (e.g., ditches) have standing water

qNo: No standing water in storm drainage areas

Note: This does not include stormwater detention basins, which are addressed in Site 24 and 25.
Page 16 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Site 24. Storm Drainage

qCompletely blocked: The system is completely blocked or a large segment of the system has failed 

because a large quantity of debris has caused: backups into adjacent area(s) 

-OR-Runoffs into areas where runoffs are not intended

qPartially blocked: The system is partially blocked by a large quantity of debris, causing backup 

into adjacent area(s)

qNo designed storm drainage

qNo obstructions

Site 25. Outdoor Water

qYes: Pond/lake/stream

qYes: Drainage reservoir

qNo: No other water on site

Site 26. Outdoor Water: Drainage Reservoir Fencing

qNo: Reservoir not fenced

qYes: Reservoir fenced but fence needs repair

qYes: Reservoir fully fenced and fence intact

qNot applicable: No drainage reservoir

Site 27. Septic Tank

qMoist ground in septic tank area:

Imminent health hazard: Report to building management/owner

immediately and record specifics in the comments section

qNo evidence of excessive ground moisture 

qNo septic tank present 

Site 28. Walkways/Steps/Hand Railing

qMissing or damaged or loose: A hand rail for four or more stairs is missing, damaged, loose, or otherwise unusable; hand rail only present on one side, visible faults in the pavement: longitudinal, lateral, 

alligator, etc.

-OR-Pavement that sinks or rises because of the failure of sub-base materials. Five percent or more 

of the walkways must be impacted—50 out of 1,000 square feet, for example. Relief joints are there

by design; do not consider them cracks. When observing traffic ability, consider the capacity to support 

pedestrians, wheelchairs, and people using walkers. Cracks greater than 3⁄4 inch, hinging/tilting, or 

missing section(s) that affect traffic ability over more than 5% of the property’s walkways/steps.

qNo damage 

qNo walkway/steps 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 17

Site 29. Large Trees

qHanging over unit and touching unit

qWell maintained: Trimmed back from unit

qNo large trees present 

Comments, Site Section
Page 18 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Building Exterior (Items 30–62)

Items to inspect in this category are 

•	Doors

•	 Fire Escapes

•	 Foundations

•	Lighting

•	 Roofs

•	Walls

•	Windows

A comment area for the building exterior category is also included in this section. 

Exterior 30. Building Access for the Disabled

qBuilding is not accessible for the disabled

qBuilding is accessible for the disabled

qNot applicable (single-family unit with no disabled residents) 

Doors

Exterior 31. Damaged Frames/Threshold/Lintels/Trim

qAt least one fire/emergency door not working or cannot be locked because of damage to the frame, 

threshold, lintel, or trim. This also includes the main front door. 

qAt least one door not working or functioning or cannot be locked because of damage to the frame, 

threshold, lintel, or trim

qNo damage 

Note: This does not include damage to door hardware (locks, hinges, etc.), which is addressed in Exterior 32.

Exterior 32. Damaged Hardware/Locks

qOne or more door’s panic hardware does not function as it should

-OR-One entry door or fire/emergency door does not function as it should or cannot be locked because 

of damage to the door’s hardware 

qOne or more doors cannot be locked and does not function as it should or cannot be locked because 

of damage to the door’s hardware

qNo damage 

Exterior 33. Damaged Surface 

q≥1 inch diameter: One door has a hole or holes larger than 1 inch in diameter, significant peeling/

cracking/no paint, rust that affects the integrity of the door surface, or broken/missing glass

-OR-One entry door or fire/emergency door has a hole or holes with a diameter ranging from 

1⁄4 inch to 1 inch

q1⁄4 inch–1 inch diameter: One door has a hole or holes with a diameter ranging from 1⁄4 inch to 1 inch

qNo damage 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 19

Exterior 34. Screen/Storm Doors Damaged/Missing

qSecurity door inoperable

qMissing screen or glass: At least one screen door or storm door is damaged or is missing screens or 

glass—shown by an empty frame or frames

qMissing door: There must be evidence that a screen/storm/security door existed 

qNo damage 

Exterior 35. Deteriorated/Missing Caulking/Seals/Flashing

qMissing or damaged caulk, seals, or flashing: The seals/caulking is missing on one entry door, 

or they are so damaged that they do not function as they should

qNo missing or damaged caulk, seals, or flashing

qNot designed to have seals, caulk, or flashing 

Exterior 36. Missing Doors (In Exterior Doorway)

qYes: One or more doors is missing 

qNo: All doors are present 

Fire Escapes

Exterior 37. Egress

qFire escape blocked or otherwise not functioning 

qNo fire escape 

qFire escape functioning and not blocked 

Exterior 38. Components

qLadder, railing, stair missing (or not operational): Any of the functional components that affect the 

function of the fire escape (for example, one section of a ladder or a railing) are missing

qNo fire escape

qNo missing components 

Exterior 39. Fire Escape/Emergency Egress

qNo: No fire escape for basements with bedrooms and finished living spaces

qYes: At least one fire escape for basements with bedrooms and finished living spaces 

qNot applicable 
Page 20 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Foundations

Exterior 40. Foundation Type

qSlab

qCrawl space

qBasement

qCellar

Exterior 41. Cracks/Gaps 

q≥1/8 inches wide × 1/8 inches deep × 6 inches long: Cracks more than 1/8 inch wide by 1/8 inch deep 

by 6 inches long

	 -OR-Large pieces—many bricks, for example—are separated or missing from the wall or floor

-OR-Large cracks or gaps (a possible sign of a serious structural problem) 

-OR-Cracks run the full depth of the wall, providing opportunity for water penetration

-OR-Sections of the wall or floor are broken apart 

q<1/8 inches wide × 1/8 inches deep × 6 inches long: Cracks smaller than these dimensions 

qNo cracks/gaps: No signs of deterioration 

Exterior 42. Spalling/Exposed Rebar 

q≥50%: Obvious, significant spalled area(s) are affecting 50% or more of any foundation wall 

-OR-Spalling is exposing any reinforcing material (rebar or other material) 

q10 to <50%: Obvious, large spalled area(s) are affecting 10%–50% of any foundation wall 

q<10% 

qNot applicable (no foundation) 

Lighting

Exterior 43. Fixtures/Bulbs

q≥20% broken/inoperable

-OR-The condition constitutes an obvious safety hazard: Report to building management/

owner immediately and record specifics in the comments section

q<20% broken/inoperable, but this does not constitute an obvious safety hazard 

qNo exterior lighting

qNo broken/inoperable fixtures/bulbs 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 21

Roofs

Exterior 44. Damaged/Clogged Drains (Roofs)

qFully clogged: Drain is so damaged or clogged with debris so the drain no longer functions (shown by 

ponding)

qPartially clogged: Debris around or in a drain, but no evidence of ponding

-OR-Drain is damaged or partially clogged with debris, but the drain system still functions and there is 

no evidence of ponding

qNo clog 

qNo drain 

Note: This does not include gutters and downspouts, which are addressed in Exterior 48.

Exterior 45. Chimney Clearance

qAll chimneys do not have good clearance above roof line: Chimney height is less than 3 feet above the

highest point where the chimney penetrates the roofline

qAll chimneys have good clearance above roof line: Chimney height is more than 3 feet above the highest

point where the chimney penetrates the roofline

qNo chimneys 

Exterior 46. Damaged Soffits/Fascia/Flashing

qMissing or damaged with water intrusion: Soffits or fascia that should be there are missing or so 

damaged that water penetration is visibly possible

qSome cracks but no water intrusion: Damage to soffits or fascia, but no obvious opportunities for 

water penetration

qNo damage 

Exterior 47. Vents

qMissing or major damage: Vents are missing or so visibly damaged that further roof damage is possible.

qSome damage: The vents are visibly damaged, but do not present an obvious risk to promote further 

roof damage

qNo damage 

Note: This does not include exhaust fans on the roof or soffit vents, which are addressed in Building Systems 65.

Exterior 48. Gutters/Downspouts

qSome components missing: Splashblocks or other components are missing. Drainage system components 

are missing, causing visible damage to the roof, structure, exterior wall surface, or interior. 

qSome components damaged: Splashblocks or other components are damaged. Drainage system 

components are damaged, causing visible damage to the roof, structure, exterior wall surface, or interior. 

qBoth: Some components are missing and some are damaged 

qNo damaged or missing 
Page 22 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Exterior 49. Gutters/Downspout Discharge

qLess than 2 feet from building foundation or grading causes water to pool near foundation

qDischarges directly to storm water system

qMore than 2 feet from building and grading is sloped away from foundation

Note: This does not include clogged drains, which are addressed in Exterior 44.

Exterior 50. Shingles or Tiles or Other Roofing Material

q≥100 square feet of shingle or tile damage

qOne shingle to less than 100 square feet of shingle, tile, or roofing material damage 

qOne shingle or tile missing/damaged (<1 square foot)

qNo missing or damaged shingles, tiles, or roofing material

Walls

Exterior 51. Primary Exterior Wall Surfaces

qBrick

qStucco 

qWood

qStone

qCement/concrete block

qAsbestos 

qVinyl

qOther: _________________ 

Exterior 52. Secondary Exterior Wall Surfaces

qBrick

qStucco 

qWood

qStone

qCement/concrete block

qAsbestos 

qVinyl

qOther: _________________ 

qNot applicable 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 23

Exterior 53. Wall Cracks and Gaps

q≥1/8 inches wide × 1/8 inches deep × 6 inches long: Crack(s) more than 1/8 inch wide by 1/8 inch deep 

by 6 inches long 

-OR-evidence of moisture intrusion 

	 -OR-Pieces—many bricks, for example—are separated from the wall

-OR-Crack(s) run the full depth of the wall, providing opportunity for water penetration

-OR-Sections of the wall are broken apart

q<1/8 inches wide × 1/8 inches deep × 6 inches long: Crack(s) less than 1/8 inch wide by 1/8 inch deep 

by 6 inches long and no evidence of moisture intrusion

qNo cracks/gaps

Exterior 54. Damaged Chimney

qChimney separated from wall

qHoles >4 inches × 4 inches: The surface of the chimney shows surface damage on more than one piece 

of wall—a few bricks or a section of siding, for example

	 -OR-The surface of the chimney has holes that affect an area larger than 4 inches by 4 inches

qBoth holes and separation

qHoles observed, total area of opening <4 inches × 4 inches

qNo damage or no chimney required 

Exterior 55. Wall Surface Deterioration 

q≥81⁄2 × 11 inches: A missing piece—a single brick or section of siding, for example—or a hole larger

than 1⁄2 inch in diameter

-OR-Deterioration affects an area larger than 81⁄2 inches by 11 inches

-OR-Deterioration exposes any reinforcing material (rebar) 

-OR-There is a hole of any size that completely penetrates the exterior wall

-OR-Wall surfaces out of plumb (≥1 inch in 20 feet)

-OR-Wall surface out of horizontal alignment (≥1 inch in 20 feet)

qUp to 81⁄2 inches × 11 inches: A missing piece—a single brick or section of siding, for example—

or a hole smaller than 1⁄2 inch in diameter

-OR-Deterioration affects an area up to 81⁄2 inches by 11 inches

qNo missing pieces/holes/spalling

Exterior 56. Masonry Caulking and/or Mortar

q≥12 inches missing/damaged: Mortar is missing around more than one contiguous masonry unit

-OR-Deteriorated caulking in an area longer than 12 inches

q<12 inches missing/damaged: Mortar is missing around a single masonry unit 

-OR-Deteriorated caulk is confined to less than 12 inches 

qNo damage or no caulking/mortar required
Page 24 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Exterior 57. Wall/Soffit/Fascia Paint/Water Damage

q≥20 square feet: More than 20 square feet of building exterior walls affected

q<20 square feet, but some staining: Less than 20 square feet of building exterior walls affected

qNo water stains/peeling or no paint required (e.g., brick walls) 

Windows

Exterior 58. Window Panes 

qOne or more missing or broken: A glass pane is missing 

-OR-A glass pane is cracked or broken AND sharp edges are seen 

qBoth broken and missing: More than one window has broken and missing glass panes

qOne or more cracked: A glass pane is cracked but no sharp edges are seen

qNone broken, cracked, or missing

Exterior 59. Screens

q1 or more screens damaged: One or more screens in one building are punctured, torn, 

or otherwise damaged

q1 or more screens missing: Do not cite this if the window is not designed to have a screen

qBoth damaged and missing: One or more screen damaged or missing

qNo screens damaged or missing or no screen required

Exterior 60. Sills/Frames/Lintels/Trim

qMajor damage, missing or exposed interior wall, not weathertight: Sills, frames, lintels, or trim are missing 

or damaged, exposing the inside of the surrounding walls and compromising its weather tightness

qSome damage, but no wall exposed, still weathertight: Damage to sills, frames, lintels, or trim, but 

nothing is missing. The inside of the surrounding wall is not exposed. No impact seen on either the 

functioning of the window or weather tightness.

qNo damage

Exterior 61. Caulking/Seals/Glazing Compound 

qMissing or deteriorated, leaks or damage present: There are missing or deteriorated caulk or seals—

with evidence of leaks or damage to the window or surrounding structure

qMissing/deteriorated, but no leaks or damage: Most of the window shows missing or deteriorated caulk 

or glazing compound, but there is no evidence of damage to the window or surrounding structure or leaks

qNot missing or deteriorated
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 25

Exterior 62. Window Assembly or Trim Paint 

q≥50%: Peeling paint or a window that needs paint on more than 50% of the painted surface

q10% to <50%: Peeling paint or a window that needs paint on between 10%–50% of the painted surface

q<10%, but some non-intact: Peeling paint or a window that needs paint on less than 10% of the 

painted surface

qAll intact: All paint on exterior windows is intact or no paint is required (e.g., aluminum or vinyl windows)

Comments, Exterior Section
Page 26 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Building Systems (Items 63–81)

Note: This section is for multihome sites only. If this is a single-family home, skip to Item 103.

Items to inspect in this category include

•	Electrical systems

•	 Fire protection

•	HVAC

A comment area for the building systems category is also included in this section.

Building Systems 63. Central Water Supply or Sewage System 

qWater leaks observed: If leaking water is a safety concern (i.e., is leaking on or near electrical equipment), 

report it to building management/owner immediately and

record specifics in the comments section

qNo water leaks observed 

Building Systems 64. Outside Water Spigots

qOutside water spigots protected by hose bibb vacuum breakers

qOutside water spigots not protected by hose bibb vacuum breakers

Building Systems 65. Chimney and Exhaust Ventilation for Fuel-fired Equipment

qImproper exhaust venting: Any misalignment, blockage, rust, corrosion, or other deficiency that may 

cause improper or dangerous venting of exhaust gases 

-OR-There is no pressure relief valve

qProper exhaust venting: flue ok

qNo chimney exhaust ventilation system required (e.g., electric water heater)

Building Systems 66. Makeup Air

qMakeup air not provided to the fireplace, gas water heater, or other fuel-burning fixtures

qMakeup air provided to the fireplace, gas water heater, or other fuel-burning fixtures

Electrical Systems

Building Systems 67. Breakers/Fuses

qDamaged breakers or fuses, frayed wiring, arcing scars: Carbon residue, melted breakers, or arcing scars

qMissing breakers/open panels/missing covers: Missing breakers or open panels (breaker port or 

receptacle or panel cover)

qImproper fusing: Fuse receptacles with improper fuses or bypassed

qAccess blocked; could not inspect: The electrical system could not be visually accessed because of 

blockage or inaccessibility

qNo deficiency observed 

Note: Do not attempt to disassemble any electrical component or touch any circuit.
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 27

Building Systems 68. Water Leaks or Corrosion On or Near Electrical Systems

qEvidence of water leaks/corrosion: Any corrosion that affects the condition of the components that 

carry current 

-OR-Any stains or rust on the interior of electrical enclosures 

-OR-Any evidence of water leaks in the enclosure or hardware

qNo evidence of water leaks/corrosion 

Building Systems 69. Wiring 

qDeteriorated insulation exposing conducting wire: Nicks, abrasions, or fraying of the insulation 

exposing any conducting wire. Do not check this for a bare grounding wire.

qNo deteriorated insulation 

Building Systems 70. Extension Cord Use 

qExtension cords not used properly: Extension cords under carpets or across doorways

-OR-Too many appliances plugged into one extension cord

qExtension cords used properly: Extension cords not draped across doorways or under carpets and not 

overloaded with too many appliances

qNo extension cord use

Building Systems 71. Extension Cord Condition

qNot good: Extension cords cracked or frayed

qGood: Extension cords not cracked or frayed

qNo extension cord use

Building Systems 72. Electrical Covers

qOne or more missing covers: A cover is missing, which results in exposed visible electrical connections

qCovers not missing 

Fire Protection

Building Systems 73. Fire Sprinklers

qSprinkler disabled, missing, blocked, or painted over: Any sprinkler head is missing, visibly disabled, 

painted over, blocked, capped or otherwise disabled. Report to building management/

owner immediately and record specifics in the comments section.

qNo sprinkler system

qSprinkler not disabled/missing/blocked 
Page 28 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Building Systems 74. Missing, Damaged, Expired, or Wrong Kind of Fire Extinguishers/Fire Hoses

q≥10%, or none in building: More than 10% of the fire extinguishers are missing, damaged, or expired. 

If there are no fire extinguishers, report to building management/

owner immediately and record specifics in the comments section.

-OR-There is not an operable/non-expired fire extinguisher on each floor 

-OR-The building does not have a fire extinguisher 

q≥5% to <10%: 5%–10% of the fire extinguishers are missing, damaged, expired, or wrong kind

q<1% to <5%: <1% to <5% of extinguishers missing/damaged/expired or wrong kind 

qNone missing/damaged/expired

Building Systems 75. Emergency Exit/Egress Routes

qAll exits not clear of furniture, toys, and clutter

qAll exits clear of furniture, toys, and clutter

HVAC

Building Systems 76. Boiler/Pump 

qWater or steam leaks: Water or steam leaking in piping or pump packing or boiler

qNo leaks

qDoes not apply 

Note: This does not include fuel supply leaks, which are addressed in Building Systems 77.

Building Systems 77. Fuel Supply

qLeaks observed or odor of natural gas, propane, or oil detected: Any amount of fuel is leaking from the 

supply tank or piping. Report leaks to building management/owner immediately

and record specifics in the comments section. The odor of natural 

gas or propane is an imminent health hazard; the structure should

be evacuated.

qNo leaks observed or odor detected

qDoes not apply 

Building Systems 78. Chimney Exhaust

qReversed air flow in chimney observed. Report to building management/owner

immediately and record specifics in the comments section.

qMisaligned, damaged, blocked, or disconnected: Misalignment of an exhaust system on a gas-fired 

or oil-fired unit that causes improper or dangerous venting of gases

-OR-Evidence of blockage or disconnection

-OR-Evidence of rust and corrosion that could cause improper flue pipe and chimney function

qNot misaligned, damaged, blocked, or disconnected 

qNo chimney exhaust ventilation required 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 29

Building Systems 79. Chimney Spark Arrestor and Rain Cap

qNo chimney spark arrestor or rain cap

qChimney spark arrestor and rain cap installed

qNo chimney 

Building Systems 80. HVAC Condensate and Sewage Corrosion

qRust or corrosion prevents functioning: Significant formations of metal oxides, significant flaking, 

discoloration, or the development of a noticeable pit or crevice 

-OR-Equipment or piping does not function because of this condition

-OR-A drain is clogged or components of the sanitary system are leaking.

-OR-Evidence of standing water, puddles, or ponding (a sign of leaks or clogged drains)

qSome rust or corrosion or other damage, but system functioning

qNo rust/corrosion 

qNot applicable: No ducts or pipes

Building Systems 81. HVAC Air Supply

qFrom basement only

qSupply (return) air entirely from living area

qSupply (return) air includes fresh (outdoor) air 

qNo forced air system present 
Page 30 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Comments, Building Systems section
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 31

Common Areas (Items 82–102)

Note: This section is for multihome sites only. If this is a single-family home, skip to Item 103.

Items to inspect in this category include

•	Walkways/steps

•	 Ceilings

•	 Floors

A comment area for the common areas category is also included in this section. 

Elevators

Common Areas 82. Elevators

qElevators and elevator equipment do not work properly

qElevators and elevator equipment work properly

qNo elevators

Signage

Common Areas 83. Exit Signage

qExit signs missing or broken or not visible

qExit signs present and functioning 

Smoking Area 

Common Areas 84. Designated Smoking Area

qArea littered with butts/food debris

qNo butts/food debris observed

qNo designated smoking area 

Interior Trash

Common Areas 85. Trash Collection Areas 

qTrash on floor: Extensive trash and/or garbage on the floor

qTrash containers/chutes missing covers: Missing or damaged covers to trash chutes or trash 

or garbage containers

qBoth: Both trash on floor and missing or damaged covers

qNo trash on floor or missing covers

Outlets, Switches, Cover Plates

Common Areas 86. Electrical Outlets

qExposed wiring 

qMissing cover plates

qBoth: Both exposed wiring and missing cover plates

qNo exposed wiring or missing cover plates 
Page 32 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Detectors

Common Areas 87. Smoke Detectors 

qNot operational: One smoke detector tested per inspected common area; detector does not 

work as designed

qNo smoke detector: No smoke detectors in common area

qOperational: One smoke detector tested per inspected common area; detector works as designed

Note: Test one per inspected common area if feasible.

Common Areas 88. Carbon Monoxide Detectors 

qNot operational: One CO detector tested per inspected common area; detector does not 

work as designed

qNo carbon monoxide detector: No CO detectors in common area

qOperational: One CO detector tested per inspected common area; detector works as designed

Note: Test one per inspected common area if feasible.

Walkways/Steps

Common Areas 89. Walkways/Steps

qMissing/damaged/loose: Walkways and steps have missing surfaces or are otherwise damaged

-OR-A missing or loose handrailing

qNo damage

qNo walkway/steps

Ceiling

Common Areas 90. Ceiling Buckling

qBulging or buckling: Bulging, buckling, sagging, or a lack of horizontal alignment

qNo bulging/buckling 

Common Areas 91. Ceiling Holes

qLarge holes: Total area larger than 81⁄2 inches × 11 inches 

-OR-A hole penetrates the area above

-OR-More than three tiles or panels are missing 

qSmall holes: Total area not larger than 81⁄2 inches × 11 inches

-OR-No hole penetrates the area above

-OR-No more than three tiles or panels are missing

qNo holes observed 

Common Areas 92. Peeling/Needs Paint

q≥2 square feet: More than 2 square feet of peeling or deteriorated paint in one or more common areas

q<2 square feet: Less than 2 square feet of peeling or deteriorated paint in one or more common areas

qAll intact: All paint intact
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 33

Common Areas 93. Water Stains/Water Damage

q≥2 square feet: One or more ceilings(s) has evidence of a leak, water damage, or water staining 

(such as a darkened area) over a large area (more than 4 square feet)

q<2 square feet: One or more ceiling(s) has evidence of a leak, water damage, or water staining 

(such as a darkened area) over a small area (less than 4 square feet)

qNo water stains/water damage 

Note: This does not include visible mold on ceiling, which is addressed in Common Areas 94.

Common Areas 94. Mold

q≥4 square feet mold observed or musty odor detected: On one or more ceilings(s), mold is seen 

in a large area (more than 4 square feet) or there is a musty odor

q<4 square feet visible mold: On one or more ceiling(s), mold is seen in a small area 

(less than 4 square feet)

qNo mold or musty odor 

Note: This does not include water stains or damage on ceiling, which is addressed in Common Areas 93.

Common Areas 95. Mold Source

qLeaking roof

qLeaking appliance

qLeaking water pipe in wall or ceiling

qPoor ventilation

qDo not know

Floors

Common Areas 96. Floor Buckling

qYes: Bulging, buckling, sagging, or alignment problem

qNo: Bulging, buckling, sagging, or alignment problem

Common Areas 97. Floor Covering

q≥50% damaged: For one or more floor(s), more than 50% of the floor covering is damaged

-OR-Damage to the floor covering exposes the underlying material

q10%–<50% damaged: An estimated 10%–50% of the floor covering has stains, surface burns, 

shallow cuts, small holes, tears, loose areas, exposed seams, or other defect. The covering is fully 

functional, and there is no safety hazard.

q<10% damaged: Less than 10% of the floor covering has stains, surface burns, shallow cuts, 

small holes, tears, loose areas, exposed seams, or other defect. The covering is fully functional, 

and there is no safety hazard.

qNo damage observed on any of the floors
Page 34 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Common Areas 98. Flooring/Tiles

q≥50% missing or damaged: More than 50% of the flooring is affected by small holes and damage. 

-OR-The condition causes a safety problem

q10%–<50% missing or damaged: An estimated 10%–50% of the flooring has small holes in areas 

of the floor surface, but there are no safety problems

q<10% missing or damaged: For a single floor, there are small holes in areas of the floor surface. 

Less than 10% of the floor is affected and there are no safety problems.

qNo damaged or missing flooring 

Common Areas 99. Peeling or Deteriorated Paint

q≥2 square feet: Peeling or deteriorated paint in an area larger than 2 square feet in any one room 

or common area

q<2 square feet: Peeling or deteriorated paint in an area smaller than 2 square feet in any one room 

or common area

qNo peeling or deteriorated paint

Common Areas 100. Subfloor

q≥4 square feet rotting or deteriorated: Large areas of rot (more than 4 square feet) seen

-OR-Applying weight to the floor causes noticeable deflection

q<4 square feet rotting or deteriorated

qSubfloor cannot be observed

Common Areas 101. Waters Stains/Water Damage

q≥4 square feet: A large portion of one of more floors (more than 4 square feet) has been substantially

saturated or damaged by water, mold, or mildew. Cracks, mold, and flaking are seen; the floor surface 

may have failed.

q<4 square feet: Evidence of a water stain (such as a darkened area) over a small area of floor 

(less than 4 square feet). Water may or may not be seen. Less than 10% of the floors are affected.

qNo water stains/water damage

Note: This does not include visible mold on floor, which is addressed in Common Areas 102.

Common Areas 102. Mold

q≥4 square feet mold observed or musty odor detected: On one or more floor(s) there is evidence of mold 

over a large area (more than 4 square feet)

-OR-A musty odor is detected

q<4 square feet visible mold: On one or more floor(s) there is evidence of mold over a small area (less 

than 4 square feet)

qNo visible mold present 

Note: This does not include water stains or damage on floor, which is addressed in Common Areas 101.
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 35

Comments, Common Areas Section
Page 36 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Housing Unit (Items 103–196)

Items to inspect in this area are 

•	Bathroom

•	 Ceiling, floors, and walls

•	Doors

•	Electrical

•	Water heater

•	HVAC system

•	 Kitchen

•	Laundry area

•	Lighting

•	 Patio/porch/deck/balcony

•	 Smoke and carbon monoxide detectors

•	 Stairs

•	Windows

A comment area for the housing unit category is included in this section. 

Bathroom

Housing Unit 103. Bathroom Cabinets

qDamaged: Shelves, vanity tops, or drawers damaged or doors not functioning as they should

qMissing: Shelves, vanity tops, drawers, or doors missing 

qBoth: Both damaged and missing elements seen

qNo damage/missing cabinets

Housing Unit 104. Lavatory Sink

q≥50% discoloration or cracks: The sink cannot be used because of extensive discoloration or cracks 

-OR-The sink or associated hardware is missing or has failed

q<50% discoloration or cracks: The sink can be used, but there are either cracks or extensive 

discoloration affecting less than 50% of the basin 

-OR-A stopper is missing

qNo cracks/discoloration

Note: This does not include clogged drains, which are addressed in Housing Unit 105.

Housing Unit 105. Plumbing Drain

qDrain completely clogged: Fixtures are not usable because the drain is completely clogged or shows 

extensive deterioration

qSlow drain: Water does not drain freely, but the fixtures can be used

qDrain working properly 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 37

Housing Unit 106. Plumbing Faucets/Fixtures

qLarge water leak: There is a steady leak adversely affecting the area around it 

-OR-The faucet or pipe cannot be used

qSmall water leak: There is a leak or drip contained by the basin

qNo leaks observed 

Housing Unit 107. Water Temperature

qOnly hot water present, but not hotter than 120°F

qOnly cold water present

qHot and cold water present

Housing Unit 108. Water Pressure

qInadequate at any bathroom plumbing fixtures

qAdequate at all bathroom plumbing fixtures

Housing Unit 109. Shower/Tub Surface

q≥50% or surface area damaged, inoperable or missing: The shower or tub can be used but there are 

cracks or extensive discoloration in more than 50% of the basin surface area 

-OR-The shower or tub cannot be used for any reason 

-OR-The shower, tub, faucets, drains, or associated hardware are missing or have failed

q<50% of surface area damaged: The shower or tub can be used but there are cracks or extensive 

discoloration in less than 50% of the surface area of the basin or stall

qNo damage 

Note: This does not include leaking faucets or pipes, which are addressed in Housing Unit 106.

Housing Unit 110. Shower/Tub Grab Bars

qGrab bars not installed

qGrab bars improperly installed

qGrab bars properly installed inside and outside of tub

Note: Applies to households with elderly residents or a resident with a physical handicap.

Housing Unit 111. Bathroom Exhaust

qExhaust fan not working

-OR-No exhaust fan or window present

qExhaust fan working
Page 38 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Housing Unit 112. Toilet

qToilet seat and/or bowl cracked or broken: Fixture elements (seat, flush handle, cover, etc.) 

are missing or damaged 

-OR-There is a hazardous condition: Report to building management/owner

immediately and record specifics in the comments section

-OR-The bowl is fractured or broken and cannot retain water

-OR-The water closet/toilet is missing 

-OR-The water closet/toilet cannot be flushed because of obstruction or another defect 

qToilet seat cracked or broken

qNot cracked or broken: A water closet/toilet is not damaged and functions properly

Housing Unit 113. Toilet Grab Bars

qGrab bars not installed

qGrab bars improperly installed

qGrab bars properly installed next to toilet

Note: Applies to households with elderly residents or a resident with a physical handicap.

Housing Unit 114. Shower/Bath/Toilet Caulking and/or Seals

qDeteriorated caulk/seals

qNo deterioration observed

Housing Unit 115. Bathroom Call-for-Aid

qDamaged or not working

qMissing

qNo call-for-aid unit

qNo damage/working/not missing

Note: Applies to households with elderly residents or a resident with a physical handicap.

Housing Unit 116. Permanent Carpet on Bathroom Floor

qPermanent carpet: Does not include removable bath mats

qNo permanent carpet: Bathroom floor is a hard, cleanable surface

Ceiling, Floors, and Walls

Housing Unit 117. Bulging/Buckling

qBulging, buckling, or alignment problem: Bulging, buckling, sagging, or alignment problem.

qNo bulging, buckling, or alignment problem 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 39

Housing Unit 118. Holes

qLarge holes ≥81⁄2 inches × 11 inches: A hole is larger 81⁄2 inches by 11 inches but it does not penetrate 

the area above or adjacent 

-OR-More than three tiles or panels are missing 

-OR-There is a crack more than 1/8 inch wide and 11 inches long 

-OR-A hole penetrates the area above or adjacent

qMedium-sized holes present: Holes less than 81⁄2 inches × 11 inches in area 

-OR-No hole penetrates the area above or adjacent 

-OR-No more than three tiles or panels are missing

qSmall holes present: Holes smaller than 81⁄2 inches × 1⁄2 inches (do not count pinholes) in total hole area.

qNo holes observed

Housing Unit 119. Peeling/Needs Paint

q≥2 square feet damage: Peeling or deteriorated paint in an area larger than 2 square feet 

in any one room 

q<2 square feet damage: Peeling or deteriorated paint in an area smaller than 2 square feet 

in any one room 

qNo damage/peeling paint

Housing Unit 120. Water Stains/Water Damage

q≥4 square feet water stains/water damage: Any one ceiling, floor, or wall has evidence of water stains/

water damage, a leak (such as a darkened area) over a large area (4 square feet or more). Water may or

may not be visible.

q<4 square feet water stains/water damage: Any one ceiling, floor, or wall has evidence of water stains/

water damage, a leak (such as a darkened area) over a small area (less than 4 square feet). Water may or

may not be visible.

qNo water stains/water damage 

Note: This does not include visible mold, which is addressed in Housing Unit 122.

Housing Unit 121. Condensation on Windows

qCondensation on windows, doors, walls

qNo condensation on windows, doors, walls

Housing Unit 122. Mold 

q≥4 square feet visible mold present or musty odor detected: Any one ceiling, floor, or wall has visible 

mold over a large area (4 square feet or more)

-OR-A musty odor is detected 

q<4 square feet visible mold present: Any one ceiling, floor, or wall has visible mold over a small area 

(less than 4 square feet)

qNo mold observed or musty odor detected

Note: This does not include water stains or damage, which are addressed in Housing Unit 120.
Page 40 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Housing Unit 123. Mold Source

qLeaking roof

qLeaking appliance

qLeaking water pipe in wall or ceiling

qPoor ventilation

qDo not know

Doors

Housing Unit 124. Door Surface

q≥1 inch: One door has a hole or holes equal to or larger than 1 inch in diameter in total surface area, 

significant peeling/cracking/no paint, rust that affects the integrity of the door surface, or 

broken/missing glass

q1⁄4 inch to 1 inch diameter: One interior door—not a bathroom or entry door—has a hole or holes or

peeling cracking no paint, or rust with a diameter ranging from 1⁄4 inch to 1 inch in total surface area

qNo damaged surface observed

	 124b. If door surface(s) are damaged, record door location ______________________________________

Housing Unit 125. Frame/Threshold/Lintel/Trim

qBathroom or entry door not working (closing, opening and/or latching): At least one bathroom door 

or entry door is not functioning or cannot be locked because of damage to the frame, threshold, lintel, 

or trim or door hardware 

qAt least one interior door not working (closing, opening and/or latching): At least one door is not 

functioning or cannot be locked because of damage to the frame, threshold, lintel, or trim or hardware 

qBoth: Both bathroom or entry door and other interior door not working

qNo damage observed: All doors functioning

Housing Unit 126. Seals (Entry Only)

qEntry door seals deteriorated/missing: The seals are missing on one or more entry door(s), 

or they are so damaged that they do not function as they should

qNo damage observed

Housing Unit 127. Door Missing

qBathroom door missing

qOne or more missing (not bathroom or entry): A door is missing, but it is not a bathroom door or entry door

qEntry door missing

qNone missing 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 41

Housing Unit 128. Deadbolt Locks

qDeadbolt locks cannot be unlocked from the inside without a key

qNo deadbolt locks

qDeadbolt locks can be unlocked from the inside without a key

Housing Unit 129. Door Lock Operation

qDoor locks cannot be operated by a child in an emergency

qNo door locks

qDoor locks can be operated by a child in an emergency

Electrical

Housing Unit 130. Electrical Panel Access

qYes: One or more fixed items or items of sufficient size and weight can impede access to the 

unit’s electrical panel during an emergency

qNo: Access is not impeded

Housing Unit 131. Breakers/Fuses

qDamaged breakers or fuses, frayed wiring, arcing scars: Carbon residue, melted breakers, 

or arcing scars

qMissing breakers/open panels/missing covers: Missing breakers or open panels 

(breaker port or receptacle or panel cover) 

qImproper fusing: Fuse receptacles with improper or bypassed fuses 

qAccess blocked; could not inspect: Electrical system could not be visually accessed due to blockage 

or inaccessibility

qNo deficiency observed

Note: Do not attempt to disassemble any electrical component or touch any circuit.

Housing Unit 132. Water Leaks or Corrosion Near Electrical Systems 

qYes: Any leaks or corrosion 

-OR-Any stains or rust on the interior of electrical enclosures 

-OR-Any evidence of water leaks in the enclosure or any hardware deficiency (such as nicks, abrasions, 

or fraying of the insulation that expose wires that conduct current). Note: Do not consider this 

a deficiency for wires that are not intended to be insulated, such as grounding wires. 

qNo: Leaks or corrosion not observed 

Housing Unit 133. Wiring 

qDeteriorated electrical insulation: Nicks, abrasions, or fraying of the insulation that exposes 

any conducting wire

qNo deterioration 
Page 42 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Housing Unit 134. Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCI)

qInoperable or missing

qOperable

Housing Unit 135. Arc Fault Circuit Interrupters (AFCI)

qInoperable or missing

qOperable 

Housing Unit 136. Missing or Broken Electrical Covers

qExposed wiring: An open breaker port or exposed wiring 

-OR-A cover is missing and electrical connections are exposed 

qNone missing/broken/exposed 

Housing Unit 137. Child Tamper-resistant Outlet Covers

qNo tamper-resistant outlet covers in units with young children

qInstalled tamper-resistant outlet covers in units with young children

qNot applicable (no young children in unit)

Housing Unit 138. Extension Cord Use 

qExtension cords not used properly: Extension cords under carpets or across doorways

-OR-Too many appliances plugged into one extension cord

qExtension cords used properly: Extension cords not draped across doorways or under carpets and not 

overloaded with too many appliances

qNo extension cord use

Housing Unit 139. Extension Cord Condition

qNot good: Extension cords cracked or frayed

qGood: Extension cords not cracked or frayed

qNo extension cord use

Water Heater

Housing Unit 140. Water Heater Exhaust

qMisaligned: Any misalignment that may cause improper or dangerous venting of gases. 

qNot misaligned 

qDoes not apply: Electrical hot water or heater used instead of gas-fired or oil-fired unit 

-OR-No water heater inside unit. 

Note: If no water heater inside unit, skip to question 145.
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 43

Housing Unit 141. Water Temperature

qTemperature set at or above 120°F

qNo hot water

qTemperature set below 120°F 

Housing Unit 142. Leaks

qWater leak observed

qNo water leak observed 

Housing Unit 143. Water Heater Temperature/Pressure Relief Valve

qAbsent

qPresent

Note: Do not operate the relief valve.

Housing Unit 144. Water Heater Secured

qNot strapped down

qStrapped down

HVAC System

Housing Unit 145. General Rust/Corrosion (HVAC) 

qSignificant rust/corrosion: Significant deterioration from rust and corrosion on HVAC units in the 

dwelling unit (includes ducts, radiators, baseboard heaters, etc.). The system does not provide sufficient 

heating or cooling. 

qSurface rust/corrosion: Deterioration from rust and corrosion on HVAC units in the dwelling unit 

(includes ducts, radiators, baseboard heaters, etc.). The system still provides sufficient heating or cooling. 

qNo rust/corrosion in HVAC units in the dwelling unit (includes ducts, radiators, baseboard heaters, etc.)

Housing Unit 146. HVAC Operation

qNot working: HVAC system does not function; it does not provide the heating or cooling it should. 

The system does not respond when the controls are engaged.

qWorking

Housing Unit 147. Supply Air for HVAC (From Basement Only)

qSupply (return) air entirely from living area

qNo forced air system present

qSupply (return) air includes fresh (outdoor) air

Housing Unit 148. HVAC Filters

qNeed replacement

qClean 

qNot applicable
Page 44 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Housing Unit 149. HVAC Exhaust Ventilation System 

qReversed air flow in chimney observed: Report to building management/owner

immediately and record specifics in the comments section

qMisaligned, damaged, blocked, rusted, corroded, or disconnected

qNot misaligned, damaged, blocked, or disconnected

qNo exhaust ventilation required (e.g., electric or no HVAC systems in unit)

Housing Unit 150. HVAC Noise

qNoisy/vibrating/leaking: HVAC system shows signs of abnormal vibrations, other noise, or leaks 

when engaged

qNot noisy

qDoes not apply: No HVAC inside unit

Housing Unit 151. Space Heaters

qSpace heaters used in unit are not at least 3 feet from anything that can burn

qSpace heaters used in unit are at least 3 feet from anything that can burn

qNot applicable: No space heaters used in unit

Housing Unit 152. Fireplace Screen

qFireplace does not have a sturdy screen to catch sparks

qFireplace has a sturdy screen to catch sparks

qNot applicable: No fireplace in unit

Housing Unit 153. Fireplace Dampers 

qFireplace dampers not operational

qFireplace dampers operational

qNot applicable: No fireplace in unit

Housing Unit 154. Wood Stove Barrier

qNo barrier to keep children from getting too close to wood stove surfaces

qBarrier in place to keep children away from wood stove surfaces

qNot applicable: No wood stove in unit
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 45

Kitchen

Housing Unit 155. Cabinets 

q≥50% cabinets or cabinet doors missing: More than 50% of the cabinets or doors are missing

q<50% cabinets or cabinet doors missing: Less than 50% of the cabinets, doors, or shelves are missing

qNo doors missing

Housing Unit 156. Cabinet Damage

q≥20% damaged or laminate separation

q<20% damaged or laminate separation

qNo damage or laminate separation

Housing Unit 157. Countertops

q≥20% missing/damaged: More than 20% of the countertop working surface is missing, deteriorated, 

or damaged below the laminate. Countertop is not a sanitary surface on which to prepare food.

q<20% missing/damaged: 20% or less of the countertop working surface is missing, deteriorated, 

or damaged below the laminate. Countertop is not a sanitary surface on which to prepare food.

qNo missing/damaged countertops

Housing Unit 158. Dishwasher

qNot working: The dishwasher does not function as it should

qWorking

qNo dishwasher

Housing Unit 159. Garbage Disposal

qNot working: The garbage disposal does not function as it should

qWorking

qNo garbage disposal

Housing Unit 160. Kitchen Drain

qKitchen drain completely clogged: Drain completely clogged or extensively deteriorated

qSlow kitchen drain: Basin does not drain freely

qKitchen drain working properly

Housing Unit 161. Kitchen Plumbing 

qSteady leak/adverse effect: A steady leak is having an adverse affect on the surrounding area 

-OR-The kitchen faucet or pipe is not usable

qLeak contained by kitchen sink: A leak or drip is contained by the basin or pipes and the faucet 

is functioning properly

qNo leak
Page 46 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Housing Unit 162. Electrical

qNo GFCI near kitchen sink 

-OR-GFCI does not work properly

qGFCI is near kitchen sink and it works properly

Housing Unit 163. Water Temperature

qOnly hot water present at kitchen plumbing fixtures

qOnly cold water present at kitchen plumbing fixtures

qHot and cold water present at kitchen plumbing fixtures

Housing Unit 164. Water Pressure

qInadequate water pressure at kitchen plumbing fixtures

qAdequate water pressure at all kitchen plumbing fixtures

Housing Unit 165. Range Hood

qNot working: Range hood does not turn on

qPartial blockage: An accumulation of dirt threatens the free passage of air

-OR-Flue completely blocked 

qNo range hood/exhaust fan

qNo blockage/functional: Range hood works properly 

Housing Unit 166. Range or Stove 

qStove and/or oven missing

qTwo or more burners not working 

	 Gas ranges: flames not distributed equally or pilot lights out on two or more burners

Electric ranges: two or more heating elements (including the oven) not working 

qOne burner not working:

	 Gas ranges: flames not distributed equally or pilot lights out on one burner

Electric ranges: one heating element (including the oven) not working 

qStove and oven working 

Housing Unit 167. Refrigerator

qRefrigerator missing or inoperable

qSeals deteriorated: Refrigerator has an excessive accumulation of ice 

-OR-Seals around refrigerator doors are deteriorated

	 -OR-Refrigerator does not cool adequately for the safe food storage (temperature above 40°F)

qRefrigerator functioning properly (temperature 40°F or below)
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 47

Housing Unit 168. Kitchen Sink 

q≥50% discoloration, chips, or cracks or inoperable: Sink cannot be used because of extensive 

discoloration, chips, or cracks 

-OR-Sink cannot be used because the sink or associated hardware is missing or has failed

q<50% discoloration, chips, or cracks: Sink can be used but cracks, chips, or extensive discoloration 

are seen in less than 50% of the basin 

-OR-A stopper is missing 

qNo cracks/discoloration/chips; sink operable 

Housing Unit 169. Permanent Carpet on Kitchen Floor

qPermanent carpet on kitchen floor (does not include removable mats)

qKitchen floor is a hard, cleanable surface

Housing Unit 170. Cleaning Products

qCleaning products not stored out of the reach of children

qCleaning products stored out of the reach of children

qNo cleaning products stored in kitchen area

Laundry Area

Housing Unit 171. Clothes Dryer

qVent missing: Dryer vent to outside is missing 

qVent damaged: Dryer exhaust is not effectively vented to the outside because of blockage or inadequate 

design or is vented into the interior

qVent not missing or damaged: Exhaust vent is functioning properly 

qNo dryer 

Housing Unit 172. Exhaust Duct From Dryer

qFlexible plastic: Dryer exhaust duct is made of flexible plastic

qFlexible metal: Dryer exhaust duct is made of flexible metal

qOther: Wood or other combustible material

qRigid metal: Dryer exhaust duct is made of rigid metal

Housing Unit 173. Dryer Venting

qDryer vents to basement

qDryer vents to attic

qDryer vents to crawl space

qOther: _______________________ 

qDryer vents to outside
Page 48 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Lighting

Housing Unit 174. Interior Housing Unit Lighting

qOne or more lights missing: In one or more rooms in a unit, a permanent lighting fixture is missing, 

and no other switched light source is functioning in the room 

qOne or more lights not working: In one or more rooms in a unit, a permanent lighting fixture 

is not working, and no other switched light source is functioning in the room 

qAll lights working/none missing 

Housing Unit 175. Outlets/Switches

qBroken, wires exposed: Broken cover plates with wires exposed

-OR-Outlets or switches missing 

qBroken, but no exposed wires 

qNo broken cover plates 

Patio/Porch/Deck/Balcony

Housing Unit 176. Railings

qMissing: The baluster or side rails are missing 

qLoose or damaged: The baluster or side rails enclosing this area are loose or damaged 

qNo damage 

Housing Unit 177. Electrical Outlets

qNo GFCIs present

-OR-GFCIs not functional

qGFCIs present and functional

qNo exterior outlets

Housing Unit 178. Spindles and Railings

qMissing: Spindles or railings missing on porch, deck, or balcony

qPresent: Spindles and railings present on porch, deck, or balcony

qNot applicable: No porch, deck, or balcony

Housing Unit 179. Spindles and Railings: Condition 

qDamaged

qLoose

qToo low

qToo far apart

qMissing 

qGood condition and properly spaced

qNot applicable: No porch, deck, or balcony 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 49

Housing Unit 180. Spindles

qSpindles more than 4 inches apart 

qSpindles not more than 4 inches apart

qNot applicable: No porch, deck, or balcony

Housing Unit 181. Railing Height

qRailing is not between 30 and 42 inches in height

qRailing is between 30 and 42 inches in height

qNot applicable: No porch, deck, or balcony

Housing Unit 182. Patio Surface

q≥3⁄4 inch displacement

q≤3⁄4 inch displacement 

qUneven steps

qNo cracks/level

Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Detectors

Housing Unit 183. Smoke Detectors 

qNot operational: At least one smoke detector tested in each unit; detector does not work as designed

qNo smoke detector present: No smoke detector in unit 

qOperational: One smoke detector tested in each unit (if feasible); detector works as designed

Housing Unit 184. Smoke Detector Location

qNo smoke detectors in unit

qSmoke detectors in home, but not on every level, outside each bedroom, and in a common living area

qSmoke detectors on every level of the home, outside each bedroom, and in a common living area

Housing Unit 185. Smoke Detector Power

qNo smoke detectors in unit

qSmoke detector powered by main electrical supply without battery backup

qSmoke detector powered by battery

qSmoke detector powered by main electrical supply with battery backup

Housing Unit 186. CO Detectors 

qNot operational: At least one CO detector tested in each unit; detector does not work as designed

qNo CO detector present: No CO detector in unit 

qOperational: All CO detectors tested in each unit (if feasible); all detector(s) work as designed
Page 50 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Housing Unit 187. CO Detector Location

qNo CO detectors in unit

qCO detector in dwelling unit but not near bedroom area

qCO detector near bedroom area

Housing Unit 188. Fire Extinguisher

qNo fire extinguisher present

qFire extinguisher present in home

qFire extinguisher present in home and charged

Stairs

Housing Unit 189. Stair Railings

qMissing: Handrail missing 

qBroken, insecure, or missing: Handrail damaged, loose, or otherwise unusable or insecure 

qHandrail present on both sides and not broken, missing, or insecure 

qDoes not apply: No stairs or three or fewer stairs 

Housing Unit 190. Steps: Condition

qOne or more broken or missing: One or more steps are broken or missing

qNot broken or missing: No broken or missing steps 

qDoes not apply: No steps 

Housing Unit 191. Steps: Covering

qNo covering on stairs

qCovering on stairs is not firmly attached or is poor condition

qCovering on stairs (e.g., nonslip tread covers) is firmly attached and in good condition

Windows

Housing Unit 192. Windows

qOne or more windows missing 

qOne or more windows cracked or broken 

qOne or more windows cannot be opened

qAll windows intact and can be opened 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 51

Housing Unit 193. Window Sills

qMissing or damaged: A sill is missing or damaged, but the inside of the surrounding wall is not exposed 

and is still weathertight 

qNot weathertight: A sill is missing or damaged enough to expose the inside of the surrounding wall 

and compromise its weather tightness 

qNot missing or damaged 

Housing Unit 194. Window Locks

qNot functioning and cannot be secured/locked

qNot functioning but can be secured/locked

qFunctioning and lockable

Housing Unit 195. Window Caulking/Seals

qMissing/deteriorated (leaks present): There is missing or deteriorated caulk or seals and evidence of 

leaks or damage to the window or surrounding structure

qMissing/deteriorated (no leaks): There is missing or deteriorated caulk on widows, but there is no evidence of damage to the window or surrounding structure

qNot missing/deteriorated 

Housing Unit 196. Window Paint

qDeteriorating paint: Deteriorating paint or a window that needs paint on 10% or more of its surface

qNo deteriorating paint: All paint intact or deteriorating paint on less than 10% of the surface

Comments, Housing Unit Section
Page 52 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Other Items (Items 197–229)

Issues to assess in this area include 

•	Garbage and debris

•	 Injury hazards

•	 Childproofing measures

•	 Poisoning hazards

•	 Pest hazards

•	Moisture hazards

•	 Swimming pool, spa, or whirlpool

•	Other hazards

A comment area for the other items category is also included in this section.

Garbage and Debris

Other 197. Indoors

qGarbage and debris not properly stored: Missing, uncovered, or leaking container 

qGarbage and debris properly stored

Note: This does not include garbage or debris improperly stored outside, which are addressed in Other 198.

Other 198. Outdoors

qGarbage and debris not properly stored: Missing, uncovered, or leaking container

qGarbage and debris properly stored

Note: This does not include garbage or debris improperly stored inside, which are addressed in Other 197.

Injury Hazards

Other 199. Sharp Edges

qYes: Physical hazard present that could produce a skin cut or injury

qNo: Sharp edges not present

199b. If yes, record location(s): ______________________________

Other 200. Trip Hazards

qYes: Tripping hazards present

qNo: Tripping hazards not present

200b. If yes, record location(s): ______________________________

Other 201. Garage Door Opener

qGarage door does not reverse properly

qGarage door opener reverses properly

qNo garage door or no garage
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 53

Childproofing Measures

Note: These questions pertain to households where young children live or visit. 

If young children do not live in or visit the house/unit, skip to Other 208.

Other 202. Window Cords (Strangulation Hazard) 

qYes: Window cords looped or tied together

qNo: Window cords not looped or tied together 

202b. If yes, record location: ______________________________

Other 203. Window Guards 

qMissing or not operational

qPresent and operational

Other 204. Cabinet Locks

qChildproof cabinet locks missing or not operational

qChildproof cabinet locks in place and operational

Other 205. Water Safety 

qToilets not covered (toilet lids open)

qToilets covered (toilet lids closed)

Other 206. Chemicals, Pesticides, Cleaning Supplies, or Medications Stored Within Easy Reach of Children

qYes

qNo

206b. If yes, record type and location: ______________________________

Other 207. Hobbies

qEvidence of household hobbies that could pose a risk to young children

qNo evidence of household hobbies that could pose a risk to young children

Poisoning Hazards

Other 208. Unvented Combustion Appliances 

qYes: Unvented combustion appliances (e.g., fuel-fired space heaters, gas clothes dryers, gas logs, 

charcoal, stoves etc.) present

qNo: Unvented combustion appliances (e.g., fuel-fired space heaters, gas clothes dryers, gas logs, 

charcoal, stoves etc.) not present

208b. If yes, record type and number: ______________________________
Page 54 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Other 209. Attached Garage

qAttached garage not sealed from living area

qDo not know: Not sure whether attached garage sealed from living area

qAttached garage sealed from living area

qNot applicable: No attached garage

Pest Hazards

Other 210. Infestation: Roaches 

qFrass or shells 

qOne or more live roaches

qNo roaches or roach evidence 

210b. If roach evidence present, record location(s): ___________________

Note: This does not include infestations of other other pests, which are addressed in Other 211 and 212.

Other 211. Infestation: Rats or Mice

qDroppings or chewed holes 

qOne or more rats/mice

qNo rats/mice/droppings/holes 

211b. If rat or mouse evidence present, record location(s): ___________________

Note: This does not include infestations of other pests, which are addressed in Other 210 (roaches) 

and Other 212 (other insects or vermin).

Other 212. Other Insects or Vermin

qYes: Other insects or vermin seen 

qNo: Other insects or vermin not seen 

212b. If yes, record and location(s) type: ______________________________

Other 213. Termite Tunnels

qYes: Termite tunnels 

qNo: No termite tunnels 

213b. If seen, where in unit: _____________________________
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 55

Moisture Hazards

Other 214. Sources of Excessive Humidity Present

qYes: Sources of humidity (e.g., humidifier, dryer vented inside, uncovered fish tank) present

qNo: Sources of humidity (e.g., humidifier, dryer vented inside, uncovered fish tank) not present

214b. If yes, record type and number: ______________________________

Other 215. Moldy or Musty Odor Present

qYes

qNo

215b. If yes, record location: ______________________________

Other 216. Dehumidifier Present

qNo

qYes

Swimming Pool, Spa, or Whirlpool

Note: These questions pertain to homes/units with a swimming pool, spa, or whirlpool. 

If there are no swimming pools, spas, or whirlpools, skip to Other 224.

Other 217. Fencing and Gates

qMissing or broken fencing or gate

qDamaged fencing or gate open 

qPool surrounded by undamaged three-sided fencing (house acts as fourth side)

qPool surrounded by undamaged four-sided fencing 

Other 218. Doors and Gates 

qAll doors and gates to swimming pool and spa areas do not close and latch automatically

qAll doors and gates to swimming pool and spa areas close and latch automatically

Other 219. Latches

qLatching devices are not at least 48 inches from the ground

qLatching devices are not self-closing, self latching

qSelf-closing, self-latching devices are at least 48 inches from the ground

Other 220. Safety Equipment (Swimming Pool)

qNone

qLife ring

qShepherd’s hook

qBoth life ring and shepherd’s hook
Page 56 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Other 221. GFCI

qNo GFCI in area

qGFCI present but not working 

qGFCI present and working in area

Other 222. Drain Cover

qDrain cover missing or broken: Shut down pool, spa, or whirlpool immediately 

and report to building management/owner. Record specifics in the

comments section.

qDrain cover in place and not broken

Other 223. Safety Cover

qNo safety cover on spa

qUnlocked safety cover on spa

qLocked safety cover on spa

Other Hazards

Other 224. Visible Dust on Surfaces

qHeavy

qSlight

qNo visible dust on surfaces 

Other 225. Air Cleaning Device Present

qYes

qNo

Other 226. Ozone Generator Present

qYes

qNo

Other 227. Pets Present

qYes

qNo

227b. If yes, record type and number of pet(s): ______________________________

Other 228. Tobacco Smoke or Odor Present

qYes

qNo
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 57

Other 229. Other Hazards 

qYes

qNo

229b. If yes, record type and location: ______________________________

Comments, Other Items Section
Page 58 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Overall Comments on This Inspection 

Add any other comments related to this inspection here.
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 59

Appendix 1: 

Description of Health and Safety Conditions

Identified on the Visual Assessment Form

Adapted from the HUD Public Housing Assessment System (PHAS) and its Physical Assessment Subsystem 

(PASS) as well as from inspection protocols used by healthy homes grantees. 

This inspection protocol does not establish legal and/or complete compliance with local, state, federal or other 

applicable housing, building, health, safety or other applicable policies, codes, regulations, statutes and laws. 

IPMC code provisions cross-referenced in this appendix are listed in Appendix 2: 2003 International Property

Maintenance Code (2003 IPMC) Cross-References.

Deficiency: A fence or gate is rusted, deteriorated, 

or uprooted and may threaten security, health, or safety.

If the fence has deteriorated paint in an area larger 

than 20 square feet and the property was built before 

1978, record this as damaged but not functional.

Note: Gates for swimming pool fences are covered

in Other Items/Swimming Pool, Spa, or Whirlpool. 

Site 2. Holes or Openings in Soil Below Fence 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: There is an opening or penetration 

in any fence or gate designed to keep intruders out or 

children in. Look for holes that could allow animals 

to enter or could threaten the safety of children. 

There is an opening/hole in soil beneath the fence.

Note: If the fence or gate is not designed to keep 

intruders out or children in (such as a rail fence), 

do not evaluate it for holes or openings. 

Grounds or Pavement

Site 3. Areas of Erosion 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 302.2 Grading and drainage)

The improved land adjacent to or surrounding the 

housing and related structures. This does not include 

land not owned or under the control of the homeowner

or housing provider. 

Deficiency: Natural processes—weathering, erosion, or gravity—or human processes have caused any

of these conditions: collection or removal of surface 

material or sunken tracks, ruts, grooves, or depressions. 

Notes: This does not include detention/retention 

Data Dictionary: 

Major Visual Assessment Areas

Site (Items 1–29)....................................................59

Building Exterior (Items 30–62)..............................62

Building Systems (Items 63–81).............................67

Common Areas (Items 82–102)..............................70

Housing Unit (Items 103–196)................................72

Other Items (Items 197–229)..................................81

Comments and Notes.............................................84

SITE (ITEMS 1–29) 

Items to inspect in this category are

•	 Fencing and Gates

•	Grounds or Pavement

•	 Children’s Play Areas

•	Other

Fencing and Gates

Fence: A structure functioning as a boundary or 

barrier. An upright structure serving to enclose, divide 

or protect an area. 

Gate: A structured opening in a fence for entrance 

or exit. 

Note: This does not include swimming pool fences. 

Swimming pool fences are covered in Other Items/

Swimming Pool, Spa, or Whirlpool. 

Site 1. Damaged/Falling/Leaning/Deteriorated Paint 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 302.7 Accessory structures)
Page 60 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

basins or ponding on paved areas such as parking 

lots. Detention/retention basins are covered in Site 24:

Storm Drainage. Ponding on paved areas is covered in 

Site 7: Cracks in Pavement. If there has been measurable

precipitation (1/10 inch or more) during the previous

48 hours, consider its impact on the extent of the

ponding. Determine that ponding has occurred only 

when there is clear evidence of a persistent or longstanding problem. 

Site 4. Overgrown Vegetation 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 302.4 Weeds)

Deficiency: Plant life has spread to unacceptable 

areas or unintended surfaces or has grown in areas 

where it was not intended to grow. 

Site 5. Graffiti 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 302.9 Defacement of property)

Deficiency: Crude inscriptions or drawings are 

scratched, painted, or sprayed on a building surface, 

retaining wall, or fence that the public can see from 

30 feet away.

Note: There is a difference between art forms and 

graffiti. Do not consider full wall murals and other art 

forms as graffiti. 

Site 6. Litter 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 302.1 Sanitation)

Deficiency: There is a disorderly accumulation 

of objects on the property—especially carelessly

discarded trash. 

Site 7. Cracks in Pavement 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 302.3 Sidewalks and driveways)

An area for parking motorized vehicles begins at the 

curbside and includes all parking lots, driveways, or 

roads within the property lines that are under the 

control of the homeowner or housing provider. 

Deficiency: There are visible faults (longitudinal, 

lateral, alligator, etc.) in the pavement. 

Note: Do not include small cracks on walkways. 

Relief joints are there by design; do not consider them 

cracks. When observing traffic ability, consider the 

capacity to support people on foot, in wheelchairs, 

and using walkers—and the potential for problems

and hazards. For parking lots only, note a deficiency 

if there are cracks on more than 5% of the parking 

spaces. For driveways/roads, note a deficiency if there 

are cracks on more than 5% of the driveways/roads. 

Children’s Play Areas

Site 10. Equipment

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

An outdoor area set aside for recreation or play, especially an area containing equipment such as seesaws 

and swings. Surfaces around playground equipment 

should have at least 12 inches of wood chips, mulch, 

sand, pea gravel, or mats made of safety-tested rubber 

or rubber-like materials.

Deficiency: Playground equipment is dangerous or broken. If any equipment poses an

immediate threat: Report to building

management/owner immediately and

record specifics in the comments

section

Note: Except when safety is still a concern (sharp 

edges, dangerous leaning, etc.), do not evaluate equipment that the owner states has been withdrawn from 

service. For example, if the owner removed the net 

and hoop from a basketball backboard and the backboard poses no safety hazards, it is not a deficiency. 

Site 11. Paint Condition 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Deteriorated paint on ≥50% of play 

area equipment surface.

Site 12. Bare Soil 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

The presence of large areas of bare soil in play areas 

can be a soil lead hazard. This is especially a concern 

near structures built before 1978 or near areas where

older structures were demolished and new ones built 

on the site. 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 61

Deficiency: More than 9 square feet of bare soil 

present in play area. 

Site 13. Injury-absorbent Surface Depth 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Wood chips, mulch, sand, pea gravel, 

or safety-tested rubber or rubberlike materials are 

present at a depth of less than 12 inches. 

Note: The depth of these materials varies by material as well as the equipment it is installed around. 

The Consumer Product Safety Commission’s Handbook for Public Playground Safety (http://www.cpsc.

gov/CPSCPUB/PUBS/325.pdf) provides more-detailed

information for surfaces and equipment. 

Site 14. Deteriorated Injury-absorbent Surface 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 302.2 Grading and drainage)

Deficiency: Damage to a play area surface caused 

by cracking, heaving, settling, ponding, potholes, loose 

materials, erosion, rutting, etc that could cause tripping or falling. 

Site 15. Fencing and Gates 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 302.7 Accessory structures)

Deficiency: A fence or gate is rusted, deteriorated, or uprooted and may threaten security, health, 

or safety. 

Note: Gates for swimming pool fences are covered

in Other Items/Swimming Pool, Spa, or Whirlpool.

Site 16. Condition 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 302.1 Sanitation) 

Deficiency: Refuse, animal feces, broken glass/

sharp edges, or holes/trip hazards are present.

Site 17. Exposed Bolts 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Playground equipment has exposed 

bolts.

Site 18. Hanging or Choking Hazards 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Playground equipment has hanging 

and/or choking hazards.

Site 19. Open “S” Hooks 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Swings or other playground equipment have open “S” hooks.

Site 20. Pinch Hazards

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Playground equipment has pinch 

hazards. 

Other

Site 21. Refuse Disposal 

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 307.2.1 Rubbish storage

facilities; 2003 IPMC cross-reference: 307.3.1 Garbage

facilities; 307.3.2 Containers)

Collection areas for common pickup of trash/garbage. 

Deficiency: Wall or roof for outdoor enclosed 

area is leaning or collapsed-OR-Concrete slab deteriorated-OR-Area is too small to store refuse until 

pickup-OR-Garbage cans are overflowing-OR-No

exterior refuse disposal

Note: This does not include areas not designed as 

trash/refuse enclosures (such as curbside pick-up). 

Site 22. Retaining Walls 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.6 Exterior walls) 

A wall built to support or prevent the advance of a 

mass of earth or water. 

Deficiency: A retaining wall structure is deteriorated, damaged, falling, or leaning. 
Page 62 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Site 23. Standing Water 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Storm drainage areas (e.g., culverts, 

ditches) have standing water

Site 24. Storm Drainage

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 302.2 Grading and

drainage; 507.1 General)

System used to collect and dispose of surface runoff water through the use of culverts, underground 

structures, or natural drainage features, e.g., swales, 

ditches, etc. 

Deficiency: Storm drainage system partially or 

completely blocked-OR-Runoffs into areas where 

runoffs are not intended.

Site 25. Outdoor Water

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

There is a pond, lake, stream, or drainage reservoir 

on site. 

Deficiency: Not necessarily a deficiency; assessed 

because condition could lead inspector to other issues. 

Site 26. Outdoor Water: Drainage Reservoir Fencing

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Reservoir is not fully fenced or fence 

is damaged.

Site 27. Septic Tank

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

System used to treat wastewater on-site through use 

of holding tank/tile fields. Moist ground in the septic 

tank area is an imminent health hazard: 

Report to building management/

owner immediately and record

specifics in the comments section.

Deficiency: Moist ground in septic tank area.

Note: Do not identify a hazard if recent rain has 

made all of the ground moist. 

Site 28. Walkways/Steps/Hand Railing

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 304.10 Stairways, decks,

porches and balconies; 304.12 Handrails and guards; 

306.1 General)

Passages for walking and the structures that allow for 

changes in vertical orientation. Deficiencies: broken/

missing hand railing for four or more stairs, cracks/

settlement/heaving, or spalling. 

Site 29. Large Trees

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Large trees are hanging over and 

touching the unit. 

BUILDING EXTERIOR (ITEMS 30–62) 

Items to inspect in this category are 

•	Doors

•	 Fire escapes

•	 Foundations

•	Lighting

•	 Roofs

•	Walls

•	Windows

Exterior 30. Building Access for the Disabled

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: none)

Deficiency: Building is not accessible for

the disabled 

Note: Not applicable in single-family units with 

no disabled residents. 

Doors

Means of access to the interior of a building or 

structure. Doors provide privacy, control passage, 

maintain security, and provide fire and weather resistance. Includes entry to maintenance areas, boiler and 

mechanical rooms, electrical vaults, storage areas, etc. 

Note: This does not include unit doors, which are 

addressed in the Unit section. 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 63

Exterior 31. Damaged Frames/Threshold/

Lintels/Trim 

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 304.15 Doors; 304.13 

Window, skylight and door frames)

Deficiency: A frame, header, jamb, threshold, 

lintel, or trim is warped, split, cracked, or broken. 

Exterior 32. Damaged Hardware/Locks 

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 304.18 Building security; 

304.18.1 Doors)

Deficiencies: One or more exterior doors cannot 

be locked: Door attachments that provide hinging, 

hanging, opening, closing, or security are damaged 

or missing. These include locks, panic hardware, 

overhead door tracks, springs and pulleys, sliding 

door tracks and hangers, and door closures. 

This does not include storm doors. 

Note: If a door is designed to have locks, the locks 

should work. If a door is not designed to have locks, 

do not record a deficiency for not having a lock. 

Exterior 33. Damaged Surface

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.2 Protective treatment)

Deficiency: Damage to a door surface that may 

affect either the surface protection or the strength 

of the door or may compromise building security. 

This includes holes, peeling/cracking/no paint, broken 

glass, and significant rust. 

Exterior 34. Screen/Storm Doors Damaged/Missing 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.14 Insect screens)

Deficiency: Surface damage on screen or storm 

doors (includes screens, glass, frames, hardware, and 

door surfaces) 

Exterior 35. Deteriorated/Missing Caulking/

Seals/Flashing 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.2 Protective treatment)

Deficiency: Sealant and stripping designed to 

resist weather or caulking is missing or deteriorated. 

Note: This applies only to entry doors that were 

designed with seals. If a door shows evidence that 

a seal was never part of its design, do not record a 

deficiency. 

Exterior 36. Missing Doors

(in Exterior Doorways) 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.15 Doors)

Deficiency: An exterior door is missing. 

Fire Escapes

Exterior 37. Egress

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 702.1 General; 702.2 Aisles; 

702.3 Locked doors; 702.4 Emergency escape openings)

All buildings must have acceptable fire exits. This 

includes both stairway access doors and external exits. 

These can include external fire escapes, fire towers, 

operable windows on the lower floors with easy access 

to the ground, or a back door opening onto a porch 

with a stairway leading to the ground. 

Deficiency: Any part of the fire escape—including

ladders—is blocked, limiting or restricting people

from exiting-OR-In multifamily buildings, fire exits 

are not properly marked-OR-A fire exit is cannot be 

used or the exit is limited because a door or window 

is nailed shut; a lock is broken; panic hardware is 

chained; or debris, storage, or other conditions cause 

the exit to be unusable. 

Note: This includes fire escapes, fire towers, and 

windows on the ground floor that would be used in 

an emergency. 

Exterior 38. Components

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 703.2 Opening protectives)

Deficiency: Any of the components that affect the 

function of the fire escape are missing. 

Exterior 39. Fire Escape

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None) 

Deficiency: There is not at least one fire escape 

for basements with bedrooms and finished living 

spaces.
Page 64 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Foundations

Exterior 40. Foundation Type

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Foundations can be slabs, crawl spaces, basements, 

or cellars. 

Deficiency: Not necessarily a deficiency; assessed 

because type of foundation could lead inspector to 

other issues.

Exterior 41. Cracks/Gaps

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.5 Foundation walls)

Lowest level structural wall or floor responsible for 

transferring the building’s load to the appropriate 

footings and soil. Materials may include concrete, 

stone, masonry, and wood. This inspectable item can 

have the following deficiencies: cracks/gaps, spalling/

exposed rebar, or bulging.

Note: Cracks that show evidence of water penetration should be evaluated here. If there is any doubt 

about the severity of the problem, request an inspection by a structural engineer. A bulged foundation (to 

the interior) often signals a serious structural problem.

Exterior 42. Spalling/Exposed Rebar 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.5 Foundation walls)

Deficiency: A concrete or masonry wall is flaking, 

chipping, or crumbling, possibly exposing underlying 

reinforcing material (rebar). 

Note: If there is any doubt about the severity of the 

problem, request an inspection by a structural engineer. 

Lighting

Exterior 43. Fixtures/Bulbs

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

System to provide illumination of building exteriors 

and surrounding grounds. Includes fixtures, lamps, 

stanchions, poles, supports, and electrical supply that 

are associated with the building itself. This covers all 

or part of the lighting associated with the building, 

including lighting attached to the building used to 

light the site. If a lighting fixture present is not directly 

attached to a specific building, assign it to the nearest 

building. If there are areas in need of exterior lighting 

or areas with no exterior lighting, check the box for 

no exterior lighting. 

Note: If the condition constitutes

an obvious safety hazard: Report

to building management/owner immediately and record specifics in the

comments section. This includes broken fixtures and bulbs that could fall on pedestrians or lead 

to electrocution. 

Roofs

The roof system consists of the structural deck, weathering surface, flashing, parapet, and drainage system. 

Roofs may be flat or pitched. This inspectable item 

can have the following deficiencies: damaged/clogged 

drains, damaged soffits/fascia, damaged vents, damaged/torn membrane/missing ballast, missing/damaged 

components from downspout/gutter, missing/damaged 

shingles, or ponding (roofs) 

Exterior 44. Damaged/Clogged Drains

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.7 Roofs and drainage)

Deficiency: The drainage system does not effectively remove water. Generally, this deficiency applies

to flat roofs. 

If there has been measurable precipitation (1/10 inch 

or more) during the previous 48 hours, consider its

impact on the extent of any ponding. Determine 

that ponding has occurred only when there is clear 

evidence—e.g., staining—of a persistent or longstanding problem. Keep in mind that some flat roofs are

designed to allow ponding. 

Note: If there is any doubt about the severity 

of the condition, an inspection by a roofing specialist 

is recommended. 

Exterior 45. Chimney Clearance 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Chimney height is less than 3 feet

above the highest point where the chimney penetrates 

the roofline. 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 65

Exterior 46. Damaged Soffits/Fascia/Flashing

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 304.7 Roofs and

drainage; 304.8 Decorative features)

Deficiency: Damage to soffit, fascia, soffit vents, 

or associated components that may provide opportunity for water penetration or other damage from 

natural elements. 

Note: If there is any doubt about the severity of 

the condition, an inspection by a roofing specialist 

is recommended. 

Exterior 47. Vents

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.7 Roofs and drainage)

Deficiency: Damaged vents on or extending 

through the roof surface or damaged or missing vent 

components. Vents include ridge vents, gable vents, 

plumbing vents, gas vents, and other vents as well as 

their flashings. 

Exterior 48. Gutters/Downspouts

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.7 Roofs and drainage)

Deficiency: Components of the drainage system—including gutters, leaders, downspouts, splashblocks, and drain openings—are missing or damaged.

Check for proper grading away from building. 

Notes: Jurisdictions may wish to consider expressing 

roof damage for larger roof surfaces as a percentage.

Exterior 49. Gutters/Downspout Discharge 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: The gutter/downspout grading 

and/or discharge point is such that water will pool 

toward the building, instead of away from the 

building, increasing the likelihood of basement 

and foundation leaks. 

Exterior 50. Shingles or Tiles or Other 

Roofing Material 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.7 Roofs and drainage)

Deficiency: Shingles, tiles, or other roofing 

materials are missing or damaged, including cracking, 

warping, cupping, and other deterioration. 

Note: If there is any doubt about the severity of 

the condition, an inspection by a roofing specialist is 

recommended. Do not climb on sloped roof: look at 

the roof from the street.

Walls

The exterior enclosure of the building or structure. 

Materials for construction include concrete, masonry 

block, brick, stone, wood, and glass block. Surface finish materials include metal, wood, vinyl, and stucco. 

Note: This does not include foundation walls. 

This inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: cracks/gaps, damaged chimneys, missing pieces/

holes/spalling, missing/damaged caulking/mortar, or 

stained/peeling/needs paint. 

Exterior 51. Primary Exterior Wall Surfaces 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Surfaces can be built of brick, stucco, wood, stone, cement/

concrete block, asbestos, vinyl, or other materials.

Deficiency: Not necessarily a deficiency; assessed 

because type of surface could lead inspector to other 

issues.

Exterior 52. Secondary Exterior Wall Surfaces 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Surfaces can be built of brick, stucco, wood, stone, cement/

concrete block, asbestos, vinyl, or other materials.

Deficiency: Not necessarily a deficiency; assessed 

because type of surface could lead inspector to other 

issues.

Exterior 53. Wall Cracks and Gaps

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 304.1 General; 304.2 

Protective treatment)

Deficiency: There is a split, separation, or gap 

in the exterior walls. 

Note: If there is any doubt about the severity of 

the condition, request an inspection by a structural 

engineer. 
Page 66 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Exterior 54. Damaged Chimney

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.11 Chimneys and towers)

Deficiency: The chimney, including the part that 

extends above the roof line, has separated from the 

wall or has cracks, spalling, missing pieces, or broken 

sections. 

Exterior 55. Wall Surface Deterioration 

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 304.1 General; 

304.2 Protective treatment)

Deficiency: There is deterioration of the exterior 

wall surface, including missing pieces, holes, or 

spalling. This may also be attributed to rotting 

materials -OR-a concrete, stucco, or masonry 

wall that is flaking, chipping, or crumbling. 

Note: If there is any doubt about the severity of 

the condition, request an inspection by a structural 

engineer.

Exterior 56. Masonry Caulking and/or Mortar 

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 304.1 General; 

304.2 Protective treatment)

Deficiency: Caulking designed to resist weather 

or mortar is missing or deteriorated. 

Note: This does not include caulking relative to 

doors and windows; they are covered in other areas. 

Address all other caulking here. 

Exterior 57. Wall, Soffit, Fascia Paint/Water Damage 

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 304.1 General; 

304.2 Protective treatment)

Deficiency: Paint is cracking, flaking, or otherwise 

deteriorated or any exterior building surface, such as 

(but not limited to) walls, soffits, and fascia. Water 

damage or related problems have stained the paint. 

Note: This does not include walls that are not 

intended to have paint, such as most brick walls. An 

areas of deteriorated exterior paint larger than 20 

square feet that contains 1 mg/cm2 of lead or more is 

defined in regulations as a significant (non-de minimis) 

lead-based paint hazard in most pre-1978 housing.

Windows

Window systems provide light, security, and exclusion 

of exterior noise, dust, heat, and cold. Frame materials 

include wood, aluminum, and vinyl. This inspectable 

item can have the following deficiencies: broken/missing/cracked panes, damaged/missing screens, damaged 

sills/frames/lintels/trim, missing/deteriorated caulking/

seals/glazing compound, peeling/needs paint, or security bars prevent egress. 

Note: This does not include windows that have 

defects noted from inspection inside the unit. 

Exterior 58. Window Panes

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.13 Window, skylight

and door frames)

Deficiency: A glass pane is broken, missing, 

or cracked. 

Exterior 59. Screens

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.14 Insect screens)

Deficiency: Screens are punctured, torn, 

otherwise damaged, or missing. 

Exterior 60. Sills/Frames/Lintels/Trim 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.13 Window, skylight

and door frames)

Deficiency: Exterior window sills, frames, sash 

lintels, or trim are damaged by decay, rust, rot, 

corrosion, or other deterioration. 

Note: Damage does not include scratches and 

cosmetic deficiencies. 

Exterior 61. Caulking/Seals/Glazing Compound 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.13.1 Glazing)

Deficiency: The caulking or glazing compound 

that resists weather is missing or deteriorated. 

Note: This also includes insulated windows that 

have failed. Caulk and seals are considered to be 

deteriorated when two or more seals for any window 

have lost their elasticity. (If the seals crumble and flake 

when touched, they have lost their elasticity.) 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 67

Exterior 62. Window Assembly or Trim Paint 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.2 Protective

treatment)

Deficiency: Paint covering the window assembly 

or trim is cracking, flaking, or otherwise failing -ORThe window assembly or trim is not painted or is 

exposed to the elements. 

Note: This does not include windows that are not 

intended to be painted. Paint that is lead based and 

more than 10% deteriorated is defined in regulations 

as a significant (non-de minimis) lead-based paint 

hazard. 

BUILDING SYSTEMS (ITEMS 63–81)

Items to inspect in this category (multihome sites only) 

include

•	Electrical Systems

•	 Fire Protection

•	HVAC

Building Systems 63. Central Water Supply 

or Sewage System

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 504.1 General; 

603.1 Mechanical appliances)

The portion of the building system that provides 

potable water conditioning, heating, and distribution, 

taking its source from outside the building and terminating in domestic plumbing fixtures and drains. 

The system typically consists of water conditioners 

(filters and softeners), water heaters, transfer and 

circulating pumps, strainers, and connecting piping, 

fittings, valves, and supports and drains. If leaking water is a safety concern (i.e., is

leaking on or near electrical equipment), report it to building management/owner immediately and record

specifics in the comments section.

Note: This does not include portion of water supply 

that connects to the heating and cooling system or the 

delivery points of the system such as sinks and faucets 

in units or common areas. 

This inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: leaking central water supply and sewage systems, 

misaligned/damaged ventilation systems, missing pressure relief valve, or rust/corrosion on heater chimney. 

Deficiency: Water leaking from any water system 

component, including valve flanges, stems, bodies, 

hose bibs, or any domestic water tank or its pipe 

or pipe connections. 

Note: This includes both hot and cold water 

systems but does not include fixtures. Fixtures are 

covered in the Unit section. Some pumps and valves 

are designed to leak, particularly in fire pumps, water 

pressure pumps, and large circulating pumps, and 

should be considered accordingly. 

Building Systems 64. Outside Water Spigots 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Outside water spigots should be 

protected by hose bibb vacuum breakers; however, 

this is not necessarily a code requirement in all areas.

Building Systems 65. Chimney Exhaust 

Ventilation for Fuel-Fired Equipment 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 603.2 Removal of

combustion products)

Deficiency: The ventilation system on a gas-fired 

or oil-fired water heater is misaligned-OR-There is no 

pressure relief valve. 

Building Systems 66. Makeup Air

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Makeup air is not provided to the 

fireplace, gas water heater, or fuel-burning fixtures.

Electrical Systems (Building)

Building Systems 67. Breakers/Fuses

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.1 Installation)

Portion of the building system that safely provides 

electrical power throughout the building, including 

equipment that provides control, protection, metering, 

and service. 

Note: This does not include transformers or 

metering that belongs to the providing utility, equipment that is part of any emergency power generating 

system, or terminal equipment such as receptacles, 

switches, or panelboards located in the units or 
Page 68 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

common areas (which are inspected in the Unit 

or Common Area sections). 

This inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: blocked access/improper storage, burnt or melted 

or missing breakers or improper fusing, evidence of 

leaks/corrosion, frayed wiring, missing breakers/fuses, 

or missing covers. 

Deficiency: Breakers have carbon on the plastic

body or the plastic body is melted or scarred. 

Note: Do not attempt to disassemble any electrical 

component or touch any circuit. 

Building Systems 68. Water Leaks or 

Corrosion On or Near Electrical Systems

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.1 Installation)

Deficiency: There are liquid stains, rust marks, 

or other signs of corrosion on electrical enclosures or 

hardware. 

Note: Do not consider surface rust a deficiency if it 

does not affect the condition of the electrical enclosure. 

Building Systems 69. Wiring

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.1 Installation)

Deficiency: There are nicks, abrasions, or fraying 

of the insulation exposing wires that conduct current. 

Note: Do not consider this a deficiency for wires 

that are not intended to be insulated, such as 

grounding wires. 

Building Systems 70. Extension Cord Use

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Extension cords are not used 

properly (are draped over doorways or under carpets) 

or are overloaded with multiple appliances.

Building Systems 71. Extension Cord Condition 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Extension cords are cracked 

or frayed.

Building Systems 72. Electrical covers 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.1 Installation)

Deficiency: The cover is missing from any electrical device box, panel box, switch gear box, or control 

panel with exposed electrical connections-OR-In a 

panel board, main panel board, or other electrical box 

containing circuit breakers, an open circuit breaker 

position is not appropriately blanked off. 

Note: If the accompanying authority identifies 

abandoned wiring, capped wires do not pose a risk; 

therefore, do not record this as a deficiency. 

Fire Protection (Building)

Building systems designed to minimize the effects

of a fire. These systems include fire walls and doors, 

portable fire extinguishers, and permanent sprinkler 

systems. 

Note: This does not include fire detection, alarm, 

and control devices. 

This inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: missing or disabled sprinkler head or missing/

damaged/expired extinguishers. 

Building Systems 73. Fire Sprinklers

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 704.1 General)

Deficiency: A sprinkler head—or its components—

connected to the central fire protection system is 

missing, visibly disabled, painted over, blocked, 

capped, or otherwise disabled. Report

to building management/owner

immediately and record specifics

in the comments section.

Note: Components include test plugs, drains, and 

test fittings. 

Building Systems 74. Missing, Damaged, 

Expired or Wrong Kind of Fire Extinguishers/Fire Hoses 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 704.1 General)

Deficiency: A portable fire extinguisher is not 

where it should be or is damaged-OR-Fire extinguisher 

certification is expired-OR-Fire extinguisher is the 

wrong kind. Fire extinguishers for homes should 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 69

use dry chemicals and be effective on Class A, B,

and C fires. If there are no fire extinguishers, report to building management/owner immediately and record

specifics in the comments section.

Note: This includes missing/damaged fire hoses 

where there are fire cabinets. For buildings with multiple fire-control systems (standpipes, sprinklers, etc.), 

less than 1% of the extinguishers for a given building 

may be missing, damaged, and/or expired. In those 

cases, do not record as a deficiency. If the inspection 

tag is missing during the inspection, the accompanying 

authority may produce proof that the fire extinguisher 

certification is current. If such proof is provided, do 

not record a deficiency for a missing tag. 

Building Systems 75. Emergency Exit/

Egress Routes

Deficiency: Emergency exit routes are not clear 

of furniture, toys, or clutter.

HVAC (Building)

Portion of the building system that provides ability 

to heat or cool the air within the building. Includes 

equipment such as boilers, burners, furnaces, fuel supply, hot water and steam distribution, and associated 

piping, filters, and equipment. Also includes air handling equipment and associated ventilation ducting. 

This inspectable items can have the following deficiencies: boiler/pump leaks, fuel supply leaks, misaligned 

chimney/ventilation systems, or general rust/corrosion.

Building Systems 76. Boiler/Pump

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 603.1 Mechanical appliances)

Deficiency: Water or steam is escaping from unit 

casing or system piping or boiler 

Note: Also do not include steam escaping from 

pressure relief valves. 

Building Systems 77. Fuel Supply

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: There is evidence that fuel is escaping

from a fuel storage tank or fuel line. 

Report leaks to building management/

owner immediately and record

specifics in the comments section. 

The odor of natural gas or propane

is an imminent health hazard; the

structure should be evacuated.

Building Systems 78. Chimney Exhaust 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 603.2 Removal of

combustion products)

Deficiency: The exhaust system on a gas-fired 

or oil-fired unit is misaligned, blocked, rusted, 

disconnected, or corroded-OR-There is reverse air 

flow in chimney. If reverse air flow is observed, report 

to building management/owner immediately and 

record specifics in the comments section.

Building Systems 79. Chimney Spark Arrestor 

and Rain Cap 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: A chimney spark arrestor and rain 

cap are not installed. 

Building Systems 80. HVAC Condensate 

and Sewage Corrosion 

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 603.1 Mechanical 

appliances; 506.2 Maintenance)

Deficiency: HVAC equipment, condensate systems, associated piping and ducting, and sewage system shows evidence of flaking, discoloration, pitting, 

corrosion, or crevices. The sewage system includes 

that portion of the building system that provides for 

the disposal of waste products with discharge to the 

local sewage system. This can include sources such as 

domestic plumbing fixtures; floor drains, traps; and 

other area drains; collection sumps; sewage ejectors 

and pumps; and collection piping, fittings, valves, and 

supports. 
Page 70 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Building Systems 81. HVAC Air Supply

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: All supply air for the HVAC system is 

drawn from the basement, with no functioning return 

air systems from living areas. Determine whether there 

is a source of fresh air delivered to the HVAC system 

(this does not include building leakage and/or open 

windows or doors).

COMMON AREAS (ITEMS 82–102)

Items to inspect in this section (multihome sites only) 

include 

•	Walkways/steps

•	 Ceiling

•	 Floor

Elevators

Common Areas 82. Elevators

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Elevators and elevator equipment do 

not work properly.

Signage

Common Areas 83. Exit Signage

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Exit signs should be visible 

and not broken.

Smoking Areas

Common Areas 84. Designated Smoking Area 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: The area is littered with cigarette 

butts or food debris. 

Interior Trash

Common Areas 85. Trash Collection Areas 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 307.1 Accumulation

of rubbish or garbage)

Interior collection areas for trash/garbage common 

pick-up or conveyance. 

Deficiencies: Trash on common area floor, 

containers missing covers or not sealed, or trash 

chutes damaged or missing components. 

Outlets, Switches, Cover Plates

Common Areas 86. Electrical Outlets 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.2 Receptacles)

The receptacle connected to a power supply or 

method to control the flow of electricity. This includes 

two- and three-prong outlets, ground fault circuit 

interrupters, pull cords, two- and three-pole switches, 

and dimmer switches. 

This inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: missing/broken wiring or exposed wiring. 

Smoke and 

Carbon Monoxide Detectors

Common Areas 87. Smoke Detectors

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 704.2 Smoke alarms)

Sensor to detect the presence of smoke and activate 

an alarm. May be battery operated or hard-wired 

to electrical system. 

This inspectable item can have the following 

deficiency: missing/inoperable. 

Common Areas 88. Carbon Monoxide Detectors 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Sensor to detect the presence of carbon monoxide 

and activate an alarm. May be battery operated 

or hard-wired to electrical system. 

This inspectable item can have the following 

deficiency: missing/inoperable. 

Walkways/Steps

Common Areas 89. Walkways/Steps

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 305.4 Stairs and walking

surfaces; 305.5 Handrails and guards; 306.1 General)

Deficiency: Walkways or steps damaged or 

broken or missing handrailing 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 71

Ceiling

Common Areas 90. Ceiling Buckling

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

The visible overhead structure lining the inside 

of a room or area. 

This inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: bulging/buckling, holes/missing tiles/panels/

cracks, peeling/needs paint, or water stains/water 

damage/mold/mildew. 

Deficiency: A ceiling is bowed, deflected, sagging, 

or is no longer aligned horizontally. 

Note: If there is any doubt about the severity of 

the condition, request an inspection by a structural 

engineer. 

Common Areas 91. Ceiling Holes

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: The ceiling surface has punctures that 

may or may not penetrate completely-OR-Panels or 

tiles are missing or damaged. 

Common Areas 92. Peeling/Needs Paint

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: Paint is peeling, cracking, flaking, or 

otherwise deteriorated on ceilings in common areas. 

Note: Paint that is lead-based and larger than 2 square 

feet in area is defined in regulations as a significant 

(non-de minimis) lead-based paint hazard. 

Common Areas 93. Water Stains/Water Damage

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: There is evidence of water infiltration or leaks such as water stains (but not mold) that 

may have been caused by saturation or surface failure. 

Water or moisture may or may not be visible. 

Common Areas 94. Mold

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: There is evidence of mold or mildew 

(such as a darkening of the surface) that may have 

been caused by saturation, surface failure, leaks, condensation, etc.-OR-There is a moldy or musty odor. 

Common Areas 95. Mold Source

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: There is a leaking roof or appliance 

or water pipe in wall or ceiling.

Floors

Floors are defined as the visible horizontal surface 

system within a room or area underfoot; the horizontal

division between two stories of a structure. 

This inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: bulging/buckling, floor covering damaged, missing flooring/tiles, peeling/needs paint, rot/deteriorated 

subfloor, or water stains/water damage/mold/mildew. 

Common Areas 96. Floor Buckling

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 305.3 Interior surfaces; 

305.2 Structural members)

Deficiency: The floor is bowed, deflected, sagging, 

or is no longer aligned horizontally. 

Common Areas 97. Floor Covering

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: There is damage to carpet, carpet 

tiles, wood, sheet vinyl, or other floor covering. 

Common Areas 98. Flooring/Tiles

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: Flooring (terrazo, hardwood, ceramic 

tile, or other flooring material) is missing or damaged. 

Note: If there is just one concern that safety is compromised, classify the floor system as >50% missing. 

Common Areas 99. Peeling/Deteriorated Paint 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: On painted floors, paint is peeling, 

cracking, flaking, or otherwise deteriorated or separating from the substrate. 
Page 72 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Note: Paint that is lead-based and larger than 

2 square feet in area is defined in regulations as a 

significant lead-based paint hazard. 

Common Areas 100. Subfloor

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.2 Structural members)

Deficiency: The subfloor has decayed or is decaying. 

Common Areas 101. Water Stains/Water Damage

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: There is evidence of water infiltration 

or stains that may have been caused by saturation or 

surface failure or leaks. Record mold on floor in Common Areas 102: Mold.

Common Areas 102. Mold

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: There is evidence of mold or mildew 

(such as a darkening of the surface) that may have 

been caused by saturation, surface failure, leaks, or 

condensation. 

HOUSING UNIT (ITEMS 103–196)

Items to inspect in the Housing Unit are as follows: 

•	Bathroom

•	 Ceiling, floors, and walls

•	Doors

•	Electrical

•	Water heater

•	HVAC system

•	 Kitchen

•	Laundry area

•	Lighting

•	 Patio/porch/deck/balcony

•	 Smoke and carbon monoxide detectors

•	 Stairs

•	Windows

Bathroom

A room equipped with a water closet or toilet, tub 

and/or shower, sink, cabinet(s), and/or closet. 

This inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: damaged or missing bathroom cabinets or 

lavatory sink; clogged drains; leaking faucet or pipes; 

damaged or missing shower or tub; inoperable ventilation or exhaust systems; damaged, clogged, or missing 

water closet or toilet; or permanent carpet on bathroom floor. 

Housing Unit 103. Bathroom Cabinets

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 403.2 Bathrooms and

toilet rooms)

Deficiency: There are damaged or missing cabinets, vanity tops, drawers, shelves, doors, medicine 

cabinets, or vanities. 

Housing Unit 104. Lavatory Sink

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 504.1 General)

Deficiency: A basin (sink) is missing or shows 

signs of deterioration or distress. 

Note: If the stopper is near the shower/tub area, 

do not record it as a deficiency. 

Housing Unit 105. Plumbing Drain 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 504.1 General)

Deficiency: Water does not drain adequately in 

the shower, tub, or basin (sink). 

Housing Unit 106. Plumbing Faucets/Fixtures

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 504.1 General)

Deficiency: A basin, shower, water closet, tub 

faucet, or associated pipes are leaking water. 

Housing Unit 107. Water Temperature

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Hot and cold water are not both 

present-OR-Hot water temperature is >120°F.
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 73

Housing Unit 108. Water Pressure

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: All bathroom plumbing fixtures do 

not have adequate water pressure. 

Housing Unit 109. Shower/Tub Surface

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 505.1 General)

Deficiency: The shower, tub, or components 

are damaged or missing. This includes associated 

hardware such as shower doors, functioning shower 

enclosure, or shower curtain. 

Note: If there is a stopper near the shower/tub area, 

do not record it as a deficiency. 

Housing Unit 110. Shower/Tub Grab Bars

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Grab bars are not properly installed

inside and outside of shower/tub. This item applies to 

households with elderly residents or a resident with a 

physical handicap. 

Housing Unit 111. Bathroom Exhaust

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 403.2 Bathrooms

and toilet rooms)

Deficiency: Bathroom exhaust fan is not working

or not present. 

Note: If a resident has blocked an exhaust fan but it 

can function properly, do not record this as a deficiency. If a resident has disconnected a fan, consider 

it functional if it can be immediately reconnected for 

inspection. Record the absence of a fan even it there is 

a window in the bathroom.

Housing Unit 112. Toilet

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 504.1 General)

Deficiency: A water closet/toilet is damaged 

or missing. If a hazardous condition

is observed, report to building

management/owner immediately 

and record specifics in the

comments section.

Housing Unit 113. Toilet Grab Bars

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Toilet grab bars are not properly 

installed next to toilet. This item applies to households 

with elderly residents or a resident with a physical 

handicap.

Housing Unit 114. Shower/Bath/Toilet Caulking 

and/or Seals 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Caulking and/or seals on shower, 

bath, or toilet are deteriorated.

Housing Unit 115. Bathroom Call-for-Aid

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Systems to summon help. These systems can be visual, 

audible, or both. They may be activated manually or 

automatically when preprogrammed conditions are 

met. This inspectable item can have the following 

deficiency: inoperable or missing. This item applies 

to households with elderly residents or a resident with 

a physical handicap.

Deficiency: The system does not function as it 

should or is absent 

Housing Unit 116. Permanent Carpet on 

Bathroom Floor

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: A permanent carpet, such as wallto-wall carpet, is present in the bathroom, limiting 

drying and cleaning. This does not include bath mats 

and throw rugs that can be removed for cleaning and 

drying.
Page 74 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Ceiling, Floors, and Walls

The inside envelope inside the housing unit, including the visible overhead structure lining the inside of 

a room or area (ceiling), the walls, and the floors and 

associated trim (e.g., baseboards, cove molding, chair 

rail, base molding, or other decorative trim). This 

inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: 

bulging/buckling, holes/missing tiles/panels/cracks, 

peeling/needs paint, or water stains/water damage/

mold/mildew. 

Housing Unit 117. Bulging/Buckling

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: The ceiling, walls, or floors are 

bowed, deflected, sagging, or are no longer aligned 

horizontally or vertically. 

Note: If there is any doubt about the severity of 

the condition, request an inspection by a structural 

engineer. 

Housing Unit 118. Holes

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: The ceiling, walls, or floor 

surfaces have punctures that may or may not 

penetrate completely-OR-Panels or tiles are missing or 

damaged. This does not include small holes created 

by hanging pictures, etc. 

Housing Unit 119. Peeling/Needs Paint

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: Paint is peeling, cracking, flaking, 

or otherwise deteriorated. 

Note: Paint that is lead-based and larger than 

2 square feet in area in any one room is defined 

in regulations as a significant (non-deminimis) 

lead-based paint hazard. 

Housing Unit 120. Water Stains/Water Damage

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: There is evidence of water infiltration, mold, or mildew that may have been caused by 

saturation or surface failure. Record mold or mildew 

in Housing Unit 122: Mold. 

Housing Unit 121. Condensation on Windows

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

There is condensation on windows, doors, or walls.

Housing Unit 122. Mold

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: There is evidence of mold or mildew 

(such as a darkening of the surface) that may have 

been caused by saturation, surface failure, leaks, condensation, etc.-OR-There is a musty odor. 

Housing Unit 123. Mold Source

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

There is a leaking roof or appliance or water pipe in 

wall or ceiling.

Doors

Means of access to the interior of a unit, room within 

the unit, or closet. Doors provide privacy and security, 

control passage, provide fire and weather resistance. 

This inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: damaged surface (holes/paint/rusting/glass), damaged frames/threshold/lintels/trim, damaged hardware/

locks, damaged/missing screen/storm/security door, 

deteriorated/missing seals (entry only), or missing door. 

Housing Unit 124. Door Surface

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 305.6 Interior doors; 

305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: There is damage to the door 

surface that may affect either the surface protection 

or the strength of the door-OR-that may compromise 

building security. This includes holes, peeling/cracking/

no paint, broken glass, and significant rust. 

Housing Unit 125. Frame/Threshold/Lintel/Trim 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.6 Interior doors)

Deficiency: There is a frame, header, jamb, 

threshold, lintel, or trim that is warped, split, cracked, 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 75

or broken-OR-There is damage to a door’s hardware 

(locks, hinges, etc.) If a door is designed to have a 

lock, the lock should work. If a door is designed without locks, do not record it as a deficiency. If a lock has 

been removed from an interior door, do not record it 

as a deficiency. Do not attempt to open a closed door 

within a housing unit without the permission of the 

resident and/or accompanying authority. 

Housing Unit 126. Seals (Entry Only)

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.6 Interior doors)

Deficiency: The seals and stripping around the 

entry door(s) to resist weather and fire are damaged 

or missing. 

Note: This defect applies only to entry doors that 

were designed with seals. If a door shows evidence 

that a seal was never part of its design, do not record 

it as a deficiency. 

Housing Unit 127. Door Missing

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.6 Interior doors)

Deficiency: A door is missing. 

Note: If a bathroom or entry door is missing, record 

it as a deficiency. If a bedroom door has been removed 

to improve access for an elderly or handicapped 

resident, do not record it as a deficiency. 

Housing Unit 128. Deadbolt Locks

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Deadbolt locks cannot be unlocked 

from the inside without a key.

Housing Unit 129. Door Lock Operation

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Door locks cannot be operated by 

a child in an emergency.

Electrical 

Portion of the unit that safely provides electrical 

power throughout the building. Includes equipment 

that provides control, protection, metering, and 

service. This inspectable item can have the following 

deficiencies: blocked access to electric panel, burnt 

breakers, evidence of leaks or corrosion, frayed wiring, inoperable ground fault circuit interruptor, missing breakers/fuses, or missing covers. 

Housing Unit 130. Electrical Panel Access

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.1 Installation)

Deficiency: A fixed obstruction or item of 

sufficient size and weight that can delay or prevent 

access to any panel board switch in an emergency. 

Note: If there is an easy-to-remove item, like a 

picture, do not note this as a deficiency. 

Housing Unit 131. Breakers/Fuses

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.1 Installation)

Deficiency: Breakers have carbon on the plastic

body or the plastic body is melted or scarred. 

Note: Do not attempt any disassembly of any 

electrical component or touch any circuit. 

Housing Unit 132. Water Leaks or Corrosion 

Near Electrical Systems

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.1 Installation)

Deficiency: There are liquid stains, rust marks, 

or other signs of corrosion on electrical enclosures 

or hardware. 

Note: Do not consider surface rust a deficiency if it 

does not affect the condition of the electrical enclosure. 

Housing Unit 133. Wiring

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.1 Installation)

Deficiency: Electrical insulation is deteriorated.

Housing Unit 134. Ground Fault Circuit 

Interrupter (GFCI)

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.1 Installation)

Deficiency: GFCI does not function or is missing.

The model National Electrical Code requires GFCIs

for electrical outlets in damp or wet locations. 

Examples include in bathrooms, in kitchens, in 

garages, near laundry sinks, and outdoors. 
Page 76 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Note: To determine whether the GFCI is functioning, press the self-test button in the GFCI unit.

Housing Unit 135. Arc Fault Circuit Interrupters 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.1 Installation)

Deficiency: AFCI does not function or is missing. 

Effective in 2002, the model National Electrical Code 

requires AFCIs for outlets in bedrooms.

Housing Unit 136. Missing or Broken 

Electrical Covers 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.1 Installation)

Deficiency: In a panel board, main panel board, 

or other electrical box that contains circuit breakers/

fuses, there is an open circuit breaker position that is 

not appropriately blanked-off-OR-The cover is missing from any electrical device box, panel box, switch 

gear box, control panel, etc., with exposed electrical 

connections. 

Housing Unit 137. Child Tamper-resistant 

Outlet Covers

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Child tamper-resistant outlet covers 

are not installed in units where young children live. 

Housing Unit 138. Extension Cord Use

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Extension cords are not used 

properly (are draped over doorways or under carpets) 

or are overloaded with multiple appliances.

Housing Unit 139. Extension Cord Condition 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Extension cords are cracked or frayed.

Water Heater

This inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: misaligned chimney/ventilation systems, inoperable unit/components, leaking valves/tanks/pipes, 

pressure relief valve missing, or rust/corrosion. 

Housing Unit 140. Water Heater Exhaust

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 505.4 Water heating

facilities; 603.2 Removal of combustion products)

Deficiency: The exhaust system on a gas-fired or 

oil-fired hot water heater or heating unit is misaligned. 

Housing Unit 141. Water Temperature

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 505.4 Water heating

facilities)

Deficiency: Hot water supply is not available 

because the system or system components have 

malfunctioned-OR-The temperature is set above 

120°F-OR-There is no hot water. 

Housing Unit 142. Leaks

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 505.4 Water heating

facilities)

Deficiency: Water is leaking from any hot water 

system component, including valve flanges, stems, 

bodies, or a domestic hot water tank or its piping. 

Housing Unit 143. Water Heater Temperature/

Pressure Relief Valve

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: The temperature/pressure relief valve 

is missing.

Note: Do not operate the relief valve.

Housing Unit 144. Water Heater Secured 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: The water heater is not strapped 

down to prevent tipping. 

HVAC

Systems to provide heating, cooling and ventilation 

to the unit. This does not include building heating or 

cooling system deficiencies such as boilers, chillers, 

circulating pumps, distribution lines, fuel supply, etc., 

but does include ducts, radiators, baseboard heaters, etc. 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 77

This inspectable item can have the following 

deficiencies: convection/radiant heat system covers 

missing/damaged, general rust/corrosion, inoperable, 

misaligned chimney/ventilation systems, or noisy/

vibrating/leaking. 

Housing Unit 145. General Rust/Corrosion 

(HVAC) Rust 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 603.1 Mechanical 

appliances)

Deficiency: A component of the HVAC system 

has deterioration from oxidation or corrosion of 

system parts. 

Housing Unit 146. HVAC Operation

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 603.1 Mechanical 

appliances)

Deficiency: The heating, cooling, or ventilation 

system does not function. 

Note: If the HVAC system does not operate because 

of seasonal conditions, do not record it as a deficiency. 

Housing Unit 147. Supply Air for HVAC 

(From Basement Only)

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: All supply air for the HVAC system is 

drawn from the basement, with no functioning return 

air systems from living areas. Determine whether there 

is a source of fresh air delivered to the HVAC system 

(this does not include building leakage and/or open 

windows or doors).

Housing Unit 148. HVAC Filters

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: HVAC filters are not clean (in equipment that requires filters).

Housing Unit 149. HVAC Exhaust 

Ventilation System

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 603.2 Removal 

of combustion products)

Deficiency: The exhaust system on a fuel-fired 

unit is misaligned, damaged, blocked, or disconnected 

-OR-There is reversed air flow in the chimney/flue 

-OR-Rust or corrosion prevents the flue or exhaust 

systems from operating properly. If reverse air

flow is observed, report to building

management/owner immediately and

record specifics in the comments

section.

Housing Unit 150. HVAC Noise

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: The HVAC distribution components, 

including fans, are the source of abnormal noise, 

unusual vibrations, or leaks. 

Housing Unit 151. Space Heaters

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Space heaters used in unit are at not 

least 3 feet from anything that can burn.

Housing Unit 152. Fireplace Screen

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Fireplace does not have a sturdy 

screen to catch sparks

Housing Unit 153. Fireplace Dampers

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Fireplace dampers are not 

operational.

Housing Unit 154. Wood Stove Barrier

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: There is no barrier in place to keep 

children away from wood stove surfaces.

Kitchen

A place where food is cooked or prepared. The facilities and equipment used in preparing and serving food. 

This inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: missing or damaged cabinets, countertops; 
Page 78 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

inoperable dishwasher or garbage disposal; clogged 

drains; leaking faucets or pipes; excessive grease or 

inoperable range hoods or exhaust fans; missing, 

damaged, or inoperable refrigerator, range, or stove; 

or missing or damaged sink.

Housing Unit 155. Cabinets 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Kitchen cabinets and/or their doors

are missing. This includes cases, boxes, or pieces of 

furniture with drawers, shelves, or doors mounted 

on walls or floors and primarily used for storage.

Housing Unit 156. Cabinet Damage

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: Cabinets are damaged or not cleanable or have laminate separating on more than 20% 

of the surface 

Housing Unit 157. Countertops

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None) 

Deficiency: A flat work surface in a kitchen, often 

integral to lower cabinet space, has laminate that is 

separating, or the surface is not smooth and cleanable. 

Housing Unit 158. Dishwasher

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: A dishwasher, if provided, does not 

function as it should. 

Housing Unit 159. Garbage Disposal

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: A garbage disposal, if provided, does 

not function as it should. 

Housing Unit 160. Kitchen Drain

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 504.1 General)

Deficiency: The water does not drain adequately.

Housing Unit 161. Kitchen Plumbing

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 504.1 General)

Deficiency: A basin faucet or drain connection 

leaks -OR-There is visible mold. 

Housing Unit 162. Kitchen GFCI

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: No GFCI near the kitchen sink

-OR-GFCI is near the sink but does not work

properly. The model National Electrical Code 

requires GFCIs for electrical outlets in damp

or wet locations—for example, in kitchens.

Housing Unit 163. Water Temperature 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Hot and cold water are not both 

present at kitchen plumbing fixtures.

Housing Unit 164. Water Pressure

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: There is not adequate water pressure 

at all kitchen plumbing fixtures.

Housing Unit 165. Range Hood

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None) 

Deficiency: The apparatus that draws out 

cooking exhaust does not function as it should. 

Housing Unit 166. Range or Stove 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 404.7 Food preparation)

Deficiency: The unit is missing or damaged. 

Housing Unit 167. Refrigerator

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 404.7 Food preparation)

Deficiency: The refrigerator is missing or does 

not cool adequately for the safe storage of food. 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 79

Housing Unit 168. Kitchen Sink 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 504.1 General)

Deficiency: A sink, faucet, or accessories are 

missing, damaged, or not functioning. 

Note: If a stopper is missing, do not record it as a 

deficiency. 

Housing Unit 169. Permanent Carpet on 

Kitchen Floor

Deficiency: Kitchen floor has permanent carpet

or a noncleanable surface.

Housing Unit 170. Cleaning Products

Deficiency: Cleaning products are not stored out 

of the reach of children. 

Laundry Area

Where soiled clothes and linens are washed and/or 

dried. This inspectable item can have the following 

deficiency: dryer vent missing, damaged, or inoperable. 

Housing Unit 171. Clothes Dryer 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 403.5 Clothes dryer

exhaust)

Deficiency: Clothes dryer is unable to vent 

accumulated heat/lint/moisture to the outside. 

Housing Unit 172. Exhaust Duct for Dryer 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Flexible plastic or other combustible 

material is used for dryer exhaust ductwork.

Housing Unit 173. Dryer Venting

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None) 

Deficiency: Clothes dryer vents to basement, 

attic, or crawl space instead of outside.

Lighting

Housing Unit 174. Interior Housing Unit Lighting 

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 402.2 Common halls and

stairways; 402.3 Other spaces; 605.3 Lighting fixtures)

Systems to provide illumination to a room or area. 

Includes fixtures, lamps, and supporting accessories. 

This inspectable item can have the following deficiency:

missing/inoperable fixture. 

Deficiency: A lighting fixture is missing or does 

not function as it should. The malfunction may be in 

the total system or components, excluding light bulbs. 

Housing Unit 175. Outlets/Switches 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 605.2 Receptacles)

The receptacle connected to a power supply or method to control the flow of electricity. Includes two- and 

three-prong outlets, ground-fault circuit interrupters, 

pull cords, two- and three-pole switches, and dimmer 

switches. This inspectable item can have the following 

deficiencies: missing or missing/broken cover plates. 

Deficiency: An outlet, switch, or both are missing. 

Note: This does not apply to empty junction boxes 

that were not intended to contain an outlet or switch. 

Patio/Porch/Balcony 

Housing Unit 176. Railings 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 304.10 Stairways, decks,

porches and balconies)

Adjoining patio, porch, or balcony. This inspectable 

item can have the following deficiency: baluster/side 

railings damaged. 

Deficiency: A baluster or side railing on the 

porch/patio/balcony is loose, damaged, or does not 

function, limiting the safe use of this area. 

Housing Unit 177. Electrical Outlets 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: GFCIs are not present or are present

but not functional. The model National Electrical 

Code requires GFCIs for electrical outlets in damp

or wet locations—for example, outdoors.
Page 80 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Housing Unit 178. Spindles and Railings 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Spindles and railings are missing.

Housing Unit 179. Spindles and Railings: 

Condition 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Spindles and railings are damaged, 

loose, too low, or too far apart. 

Housing Unit 180. Spindles

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Spindles are spaced more than 

4 inches apart.

Housing Unit 181. Railing Height 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Railing is not between the 

recommended height of 30 and 42 inches.

Housing Unit 182. Patio Surface 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Patio surface has cracks with more 

than 3⁄4 inch displacement.

Smoke and 

Carbon Monoxide Detectors

Sensor to detect the presence of smoke and/or carbon 

monoxide (CO) and activate an alarm. May be battery operated or hard-wired to electrical system. 

This inspectable item can have the following deficiency:

missing/inoperable. 

Housing Unit 183. Smoke Detectors

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 704.2 Smoke alarms)

Deficiency: No smoke detectors are present.

Housing Unit 184. Smoke Detector Location 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Smoke detectors are not located on 

every level of the home, in each bedroom, and in each 

common living area.

Housing Unit 185. Smoke Detector Power 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Smoke detectors are not powered by 

electricity with a battery backup.

Housing Unit 186. Carbon Monoxide Detector 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Carbon monoxide detectors are not 

present in a home with fuel-burning appliances and/or 

an attached garage.

Housing Unit 187. CO Detector Location 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: There is not a CO detector near the 

bedroom area.

Housing Unit 188. Fire Extinguisher

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: There is no charged fire extinguisher 

in the home.

Stairs

Series of four or more steps or flights of steps joined 

by landings connecting levels of a unit. Includes supports, frame, treads, handrails. This inspectable item 

can have the following deficiencies: broken/missing 

hand railing or broken/damaged/missing steps. 

Housing Unit 189. Stair Railings 

(2003 IPMC cross-references: 305.4 Stairs and walking

surfaces; 305.5 Handrails and guards; 306.1 General)

Deficiency: The hand-rail is damaged or missing. 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 81

Housing Unit 190. Steps: Condition 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.4 Stairs and

walking surfaces)

Deficiency: The horizontal tread or stair surface 

is damaged or missing. 

Housing Unit 191. Steps: Covering

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Stair covering (e.g., nonslip tread covers) is not firmly attached or is not in good condition.

Windows

This inspectable item can have the following deficiencies: cracked/broken/missing panes, damaged window 

sill, inoperable/not lockable, missing/deteriorated 

caulking/seals, or peeling/needs paint. 

Housing Unit 192. Windows 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: A glass pane is cracked, broken, or 

missing from the window sash. 

Housing Unit 193. Window Sills 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: The sill (the interior horizontal part 

of the window that bears the upright portion of the 

frame) is damaged. 

Note: When looking for damage to window sills, do 

not include scratches and cosmetic deficiencies. 

Housing Unit 194. Window Locks 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 703.2 Opening protectives)

Deficiency: A window cannot be opened or 

closed because of damage to the frame, faulty hardware, or another cause. 

Note: If a window is not designed to lock, do not 

record this as a deficiency. Windows that are accessible from the outside—a ground-level window, for

example—must be lockable.

Housing Unit 195. Window Caulking/Seals 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: The caulking or seals that resists 

weather is missing or deteriorated. 

Note: This includes Thermopane and insulated windows that have failed. Caulk and seals are considered 

deteriorated when two or more seals for any window 

have lost their elasticity. (If the seals crumble and flake 

when touched, they have lost their elasticity.) 

Housing Unit 196. Window Paint 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 305.3 Interior surfaces)

Deficiency: Paint covering the window assembly 

or trim is cracking, flaking, or otherwise failing. 

Other Items (Items 197–229)

Items to inspect in this category include

•	Garbage and debris

•	 Injury hazards

•	 Childproofing measures

•	 Poisoning hazards

•	 Pest hazards

•	Moisture hazards

•	 Swimming pool, spa, or whirlpool

•	Other hazards

Garbage and Debris

Other 197. Indoors 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 307.2.1 Rubbish

storage facilities)

Deficiency: Too much garbage has gathered 

outside, more than the planned storage capacity

-OR-Garbage has gathered in an area that is not

sanctioned for staging or storing garbage or debris. 

Other 198. Outdoors

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 307.1 Accumulation

of rubbish or garbage)

Deficiency: Too much garbage has gathered, 

more than the planned storage capacity-OR-Garbage

has gathered in an area that is not sanctioned for 

staging or storing garbage or debris. 
Page 82 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Injury hazards

Other 199. Sharp Edges 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: none)

Physical hazards that pose risk for bodily injury. 

The following deficiencies can be noted: 

sharp edges or tripping. 

Deficiency: Physical defects (generally in commonly used or traveled areas) that could cause cutting 

or breaking human skin or other bodily harm. 

Other 200. Trip Hazards 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: none)

Deficiency: There are any physical defect that can 

pose a tripping risk (generally in walkways or other 

traveled areas). 

Other 201. Garage Door Opener 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: The garage door does not reverse 

when it touches an object in its path.

Childproofing measures

Note: These questions pertain to households where 

young children live or visit. 

Other 202. Window Cords: 

Strangulation Hazard 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: none)

Deficiency: Looped window cords are present.

Other 203. Window Guards 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: There are no window guards.

Other 204. Cabinet Locks 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Cabinet locks are not installed.

Other 205. Water Safety 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Toilets are not covered (lids are not 

closed).

Other 206. Chemicals, Pesticides, Cleaning 

Supplies, or Medicines Stored Within Easy 

Reach of Children 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Hazardous items—chemicals,

pesticides, cleaning supplies, medicines—are not

stored out of the reach of children.

Other 207. Hobbies

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: There is evidence of household 

hobbies that could pose a risk to young children.

Poisoning hazards

Other 208. Unvented Combustion Appliances Present 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: none)

Deficiency: Fuel-fired combustion appliances, 

such as kerosene, LP gas, or other fuel-fired space 

heaters, generators, gas clothes driers, gas logs, stoves, 

ovens, charcoal grills etc., are used indoors without 

exhaust ventilation systems.

Other 209. Attached Garage 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Attached garage is not sealed from 

the living area. The garage should be sealed against 

the passage of fire or toxic gases including carbon 

monoxide.

Pest hazards

Other 210. Infestation: Roaches

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 308.1 Infestation)

Presence of roaches. 

Deficiency: There is evidence of infestation of 

roaches throughout a unit or room, especially in food 

preparation and storage areas. 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 83

Note: If baits, traps, and sticky boards are present 

but show no presence of roaches, do not record this 

as a deficiency. 

Other 211. Infestation: Rats or Mice 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 302.5 Rodent harborage)

Deficiency: There is evidence of rats or mice—

sightings, rat or mouse holes, or droppings. 

Note: If baits, traps, or sticky boards are present but 

show no presence of rats or mice, do not record this 

as a deficiency. 

Other 212. Other Insects or Vermin

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: 308.1 Infestation)

Deficiency: There is evidence of other insects 

or vermin (not roaches, mice, or rats); e.g., bats, 

birds, ants. 

Other 213. Termite Tunnels 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Active termite tunnels are present.

Moisture hazards

Other 214. Sources of Excessive Humidity Present 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: none)

Sources of excessive humidity in homes include 

humidifiers, clothes dryers vented inside, and 

uncovered fish tanks).

Other 215. Moldy or Musty Odor Present 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: A moldy or musty odor is present.

Other 216. Dehumidifier Present 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: none)

Deficiency: There is not a dehumidifier present 

but there should be one.

Swimming Pool, Spa,

or Whirlpool

Other 217. Fencing and Gates 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Fencing and gates for swimming 

pools, spas, or whirlpools are damaged or missing 

(or fence does not enclose on all four sides).

Other 218. Doors and Gates 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Doors and gates for swimming 

pools, spas, or whirlpools do not close and latch 

automatically.

Other 219. Latches

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Doors and gates for swimming pools, 

spas, or whirlpools do not have self-closing, self-latching devices at least 48 inches from the ground.

Other 220. Safety Equipment (Swimming Pool) 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Life ring and shepherd’s hook are not 

present in the swimming pool area.

Other 221. GFCI 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: No GFCI in swimming pool, spa, or

whirlpool area-OR-GFCI present but not operational.

The model National Electrical Code requires GFCIs

for electrical outlets in damp or wet locations—

for example, near swimming pools.

Other 222. Drain Cover 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Drain cover missing or broken in 

swimming pool, spa, or whirlpool. Shut down

pool, spa, or whirlpool immediately 

and report to building management/

owner. Record specifics in the

comments section.
Page 84 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Other 223. Safety Cover (Spa) 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: Unlocked or missing safety cover on spa.

Other hazards

Other 224. Visible Dust on Surfaces 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: none)

Deficiency: There is heavy visible dust on 

surfaces.

Other 225. Air Cleaning Device Present 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: none)

Deficiency: Not necessarily a deficiency; assessed 

because presence of an air-cleaning device could lead 

the inspector to other issues.

Other 226. Ozone Generator Present 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: There is an ozone generator present.

Other 227. Pets Present 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: none)

Deficiency: Not necessarily a deficiency; assessed 

because presence of pets could lead the inspector to 

other issues.

Other 228. Tobacco Smoke or Odor Present 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: none)

Deficiency: Tobacco smoke or odor is present.

Other 229. Other Hazards 

(2003 IPMC cross-reference: None)

Deficiency: There is evidence of any other 

hazards in or around the home (record in Comments 

and Notes).

Comments and Notes
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 85

Appendix 2: 

2003 International Property Maintenance Code

(2003 IPMC) Cross-References

The 2003 International Property Maintenance Code addresses maintenance requirements for structures,

including requirements for heating, plumbing, lighting, and ventilation in existing residences. 

The 2003 IPMC is available for adoption and use by jurisdictions worldwide.

Copies of the 2003 IPMC can be ordered from the International Code Council (ICC):

http://www.iccsafe.org/e/category.html or 1-800-786-4452.

304.2 Protective treatment 

	 304.3	 Premises identification

304.4 Structural members 

304.5 Foundation walls 

304.6 Exterior walls 

304.7 Roofs and drainage 

304.8 Decorative features 

304.9 Overhang extensions 

305

305.1 General [interior structure] 

305.2 Structural members 

305.3 Interior surfaces 

305.4 Stairs and walking surfaces 

305.5 Handrails and guards 

305.6 Interior doors 

306

306.1 General [stairs]

307

307.1 Accumulation of rubbish or garbage 

307.2 Disposal of rubbish 

 307.2.1 Rubbish storage facilities 

 307.2.2 Refrigerators 

307.3 Disposal of garbage 

 307.3.1 Garbage facilities 

 307.3.2 Containers 

308

308.1 Infestation 

2003 IPMC Code Provisions

300 

301.3 Vacant structures and land 

302

302.1 Sanitation 

302.2 Grading and drainage 

302.3 Sidewalks and driveways 

302.4 Weeds 

302.5 Rodent harborage 

302.6 Exhaust vents 

302.7 Accessory structures 

302.8 Motor vehicles 

302.9 Defacement of property 

303

303.1 Swimming pools 

303.2 Enclosures 

304

304.1 General [exterior structure] 

 304.10 Stairways, decks, porches 

 and balconies 

 304.11 Chimneys and towers 

 304.12 Handrails and guards 

 304.13 Window, skylight and door frames 

 304.13.1 Glazing 

 304.13.2 Openable windows 

 304.14 Insect screens 

 304.15 Doors 

 304.16 Basement hatchways 

 304.17 Guards for basement windows 

 304.18 Building security 

 304.18.1 Doors 

 304.18.2 Windows 

 304.18.3 Basement hatchways 
Page 86 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

402

402.1 Habitable spaces 

402.2 Common halls and stairways 

402.3 Other spaces 

403

403.1 Habitable spaces 

403.2 Bathrooms and toilet rooms 

403.3 Cooking facilities 

403.5 Clothes dryer exhaust 

404

404.1 Privacy 

404.2 Minimum room widths 

404.3 Minimum ceiling heights 

404.4 Bedroom requirements 

 404.4.1 Area for sleeping purposes 

 404.4.2 Access from bedrooms 

 404.4.3 Water closet accessibility 

 404.4.4 Prohibited occupancy 

 404.4.5 Other requirements 

404.5 Overcrowding 

 404.5.1 Sleeping area 

 404.5.2 Combined spaces 

	 404.6	 Efficiency unit

404.7 Food preparation 

502

502.1 Dwelling units 

503

503.1 Privacy 

503.2 Location 

503.4 Floor surface 

504

	 504.1	 General [plumbing fixtures]

504.2 Fixture clearances 

504.3 Plumbing system hazards 

505

	 505.1	 General [plumbing fixture

 connections to water system] 

505.2 Contamination 

505.3 Supply 

505.4 Water-heating facilities 

506

	 506.1	 General [plumbing fixture

 connections to sewer system]

506.2 Maintenance 

507

507.1 General [drainage]

602

602.1 Facilities required 

602.2 Residential occupancies 

602.3 Heat supply 

602.4 Occupiable work spaces 

602.5 Room temperature measurement 

603

603.1 Mechanical appliances 

603.2 Removal of combustion products 

603.3 Clearances 

603.4 Safety controls 

603.5 Combustion air 

603.6 Energy conservation devices 

604

604.1 Facilities required 

604.2 Service 

604.3 Electrical system hazards 

605

605.1 Installation 

605.2 Receptacles 

	 605.3	 Lighting fixtures

606

606.1 General [elevator/escalators]

606.2 Elevators 

607

607.1 General [duct systems] 

702

702.1 General [egress] 

702.2 Aisles 

702.3 Locked doors 

702.4 Emergency escape openings 

703

703.1 Fire-resistance-rated assemblies 

703.2 Opening protectives 

704

	 704.1	 General [fire-protection]

704.2 Smoke alarms 

704.3 Power source 

704.4 Interconnection
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 87

Appendix 3: 

Additional Resources

Optional Environmental Sampling Methods: Links to Information 

on the Internet

Environmental sampling for contaminants can sometimes yield additional useful information on housing related 

health hazards. Each sampling method has its strengths and weaknesses, inherent sampling and analytical error 

and interferences. Multiple methods exist to sample each contaminant. Sampling must be performed carefully, 

properly, and in a manner that protects both the person doing the sampling and the occupants. Instruments for 

certain contaminants may be able to measure the contaminant in real time. For some substances, sampling in the 

home environment may require a license or certification or training or other requirements in certain jurisdictions. 

Consult your local or state government to determine whether such requirements apply before undertaking any 

environmental sampling in the home environment. If laboratory analysis is required, consult with the analytic 

laboratory before collecting any sample. If you are uncertain about how to use a particular method or have 

not been trained, it is recommended that you consult with the local health or environmental department, 

a professional industrial hygienist or other environmental scientist. 

This list of methods and products is not intended to be exhaustive. Additional or other sampling procedures 

may be recommended in any individual situation. Use of detector tubes and any instrumentation must always 

be performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Listing in this document is not intended to be an 

endorsement of any product or method by the National Center for Healthy Housing or any government agency.

Asbestos Bulk Sampling

http://www.epa.gov/region9/toxic/noa/eldorado/pdf/

NIOSH9002.pdf 

Carbon Dioxide (Detector Tube)

http://www.skcshopping.com/ProductDetails.

asp?ProductCode=810-2LL 

Carbon Monoxide (Detector Tube)

http://www.skcshopping.com/ProductDetails.

asp?ProductCode=810-1LL 

Cockroaches

http://www.cehrc.org/docUploads/CEHRC_

Cockroaches_Materials.pdf 

Formaldehyde (Detector Tube)

http://www.skcshopping.com/ProductDetails.

asp?ProductCode=810-91LL 

Lead in Paint Chips

Appendix 13.2 in the HUD Guidelines, http://www.

hud.gov/offices/lead/guidelines/hudguidelines/

Appendix.pdf 

Agency/Organization Key

ALA American Lung Association 

AWWA American Water Works 

Association

CPSC Consumer Product Safety 

Commission 

NIH National Institutes of Health

NPS National Park Servcie

NSC National Safety Council

NSFC National Small Flows 

Clearinghouse

U.S. EPA Environmental Protection 

Agency 

UL Underwriters Laboratory 

USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture

USFA U.S. Fire Administration

USGS U.S. Geological Survey 
Page 88 | Healthy Housing Inspection Manual

Lead in Paint By X-Ray Fluorescence

http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/guidelines/

hudguidelines/Chap7_2.pdf

Lead in Settled House Dust

Appendix 13.1, http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/

guidelines/hudguidelines/Appendix.pdf 

Lead in Soil

Appendix 13.3, http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/

guidelines/hudguidelines/Appendix.pdf 

Ozone (Detector Tube)

http://www.skcshopping.com/ProductDetails.

asp?ProductCode=810-18L 

Radon

http://www.epa.gov/radon/methods.html 

selected Web References for Healthy Homes Issues

The National Center for Healthy Housing offers training for individuals and organizations interested in healthy 

housing issues, including lead poisoning prevention, methods for lead hazard control, integrated pest management, and radon education: http://healthyhomestraining.org. 

The CDC/HUD Healthy Housing Reference Manual is online at http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/publications/books/

housing/housing.htm. Hard copies and CD-ROM versions can be ordered by calling 1-800-CDC-INFO or 

sending an e-mail to cdcinfo@cdc.gov. 

Antiscalding Devices

HUD, http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/hhi/

HHIInjury_3-29-2002.pdf

CPSC, http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/

grand/12steps/12steps.html 

Asbestos

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/iaq/asbestos.html 

U.S. EPA, www.epa.gov/asbestos/ashome.html 

Oklahoma State University, http://www.pp.okstate.

edu/ehs/links/asbestos.htm 

Bats

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/rabies/bats_&_

rabies/bats&.htm 

Illinois Department of Public Health, http://www.

idph.state.il.us/public/hb/hbb&bdrp.htm 

USGS, http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/1998/

housebat/public.htm 

Bedbugs

NPS, http://www.nps.gov/public_health/intra/info/

factsheets/fs_bed_bugs_gen.pdf 

New Mexico State University, http://cahe.nmsu.edu/

pubs/_g/g-318.html

Carbon Monoxide

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/co/ 

HUD, http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/helpyourself/

Carbon.pdf 

CPSC, http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/466.html

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/iaq/co.html 

Childproofing and Babyproofing

HUD, http://healthyhomestraining.org/Documents/

HUD/HUD_Home_Safety_FS.pdf

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/

childsaf.htm

CSPC, http://cpsc.gov/ 

Cockroaches

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/nasd/docs/

d001201-d001300/d001251/d001251.pdf

HUD, http://ehw.org/Asthma/ASTH_HUDRoach_

Sum.htm

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/asthma/pests.html 

U.S. EPA, http://es.epa.gov/ncer/childrenscenters/

controllingpest.html 
Healthy Housing Inspection Manual | Page 89

Electrical Safety

CSPC, http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/elec_sfy.html 

Environmental Tobacco Smoke

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/

Factsheets/SecondhandSmoke.htm

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/smokefree/publications.

html 

Fire Prevention

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/factsheets/

fireprevention.htm

CSPC, http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/fire_sfy.html 

Public-Private Fire Safety Council, http://www.

firesafety.gov 

USFA, http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/citizens/ 

Fireplaces and Radiant Heaters

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/nasd/docs/

d001201-d001300/d001235/d001235.html

 

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/woodstoves/ 

USFA, http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/citizens/ 

USFA, http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/citizens/all_citizens/

home_fire_prev/heating/index.shtm 

Food Safety

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/ 

HUD, http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/helpyourself/

Pest.pdf 

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/ebtpages/

pestpesticfoodsafety.html

 

USDA, http://www.foodsafety.gov 

Garage Door Safety

CPSC, http://www.cpsc.gov/CPSCPUB/PUBS/523.html

UL, http://www.ul.com/consumers/garagedoors.html 

Home Heating Safety 

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/nasd/docs/

d001201-d001300/d001235/d001235.html

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/iaq/co.html 

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/woodstoves/ 

USFA, http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/citizens/ 

USFA, http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/citizens/all_citizens/

home_fire_prev/heating/index.shtm

CPSC, http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/466.html

Humidifier Safety 

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/humidif.html 

CPSC, http://www.cpsc.gov/CPSCPUB/PUBS/5046.html

Kitchen Safety

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/nasd/docs/

d000801-d000900/d000825/d000825.html 

FDA, http://www.foodsafety.gov 

NSC, http://www.nsc.org/news/nr112105b.htm 

Lead and Lead Dust

CDC, www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/lead.htm 

HUD, http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/ 

U.S. EPA, www.epa.gov/opptintr/lead 

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/hlthef/lead.html 

Mice

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/rodents/ 

U.S. EPA, http://es.epa.gov/ncer/childrenscenters/

controllingpest.html 

Mold

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/mold/ 

HUD, http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/prevention.cfm

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/iaq/molds/moldcleanup.

html 

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/iaq/molds/moldbasics.html 
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Pesticide Safety 

HUD, http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/helpyourself/

Pest.pdf 

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/health/index.htm 

NIH, http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/pesticides.

html 

Radon

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/radiation/brochure/

profile_radon.htm 

HUD, http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/helpyourself/

Air.pdf 

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/sbs.html

ALA, http://www.lungusa.org/site/

pp.asp?c=dvLUK9O0E&b=35420 

Rats

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/rodents/

U.S. EPA, http://es.epa.gov/ncer/childrenscenters/

controllingpest.html 

NPS, http://www.nature.nps.gov/biology/ipm/manual/

rats.cfm

Septic Tanks/Onsite Wastewater

Treatment Systems

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/ehs/topics/wastewater.htm 

HUD, http://www.hudclips.org/sub_nonhud/cgi/

nph-brs.cgi?d=HSGA&s1=4145.1&l=100&SEC

T1=TXT_HITS&SECT5=HEHB&u=./hudclips.

cgi&p=1&r=48&f=G

U.S. EPA, http://cfpub.epa.gov/owm/septic/index.cfm 

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/safewater/mcl.

html#mcls 

NSFC, http://www.nesc.wvu.edu/nsfc/ 

Slips and Falls

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/ 

Spring Water for Drinking

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/OGWDW/

AWWA, http://www.awwa.org/ 

Swimming Pool, Spa, 

and Whirlpool Safety 

CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/healthyswimming 

CPSC, http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/chdrown.html 

Water Filtration Systems

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/safewater 

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/safewater/

contaminants/index.html 

UL, http://www.ULDrinkWell.com 

Well Water for Drinking

U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/safewater 

UL, http://www.ULDrinkWell.com 
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