USA Banner
  U.S. flag
              An official website of the United States government Here's how you knowOfficial US Government Icon
              **Official websites use .gov**A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
            Secure Site Icon
              **Secure .gov websites use HTTPS**
                  A **lock** ( A locked padlock ) or **https://** means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. 
 U.S. Department of Transportation Icon United States Department of Transportation
 Search DOT
            Search
                    About FHWAFHWA Organization
                Headquarters Offices
                Field Offices
                Strategic Plan
                Business Opportunities
                Staff Directories
                Careers
                Highway History
                Contact UsProgramsAcquisition Management
                Civil Rights
                Federal Lands Highway
                Infrastructure
                Innovative Program Delivery
                Operations
                Planning, Environment, and Realty
                Policy
                Research, Development, and Technology
                Safety
                Browse by TopicsResourcesCore Highway Topics
                Federal Aid Essentials
                Automation
                Complete Streets
                Laws and Regulations
                Policy & Guidance Center
                Section 508
                Publications and Statistics
                Professional Development
                National Highway Institute
                Resource Center
                Accessibility Resource Library
                FHWA Research LibraryNewsroomPress Releases
                Speeches & Testimony
                Photos
                Videos
                Media ContactsMenu FHWA Highway Safety Programs Home
                        The Strategic Highway Safety Plan Implementation Process Model


            
            In This Section
        Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP)
                                Overview
                About
                Planning
                Implementing
                Evaluating
                Reporting
                Noteworthy Practices
                Legislation and Guidance
                Resources
                HSIP Special Rules
                Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP)
                                Overview
                About
                Develop
                Implement
                Evaluate
                Promote
                Legislation and Guidance
                Resources
                Noteworthy Practices
                Safety Performance Measure
                                Overview
                State Safety Performance Targets
                Policy & Guidance
                Fact Sheets & Informational Webinars
                Target-Setting Resources
                Safety Data Resources
                State Safety Reports
                Safety Contacts
                Technical Assistance & Training
                Railway Highway Crossing Program
                                Overview
                Policy and Guidance
                Resources
                
                Glossary
**4E’s –** The four disciplines that contribute to transportation safety: engineering, enforcement, education, and emergency medical services (or emergency response).

**AASHTO –** American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.

**CMAQ –** Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Program.

**CMV –** Commercial Motor Vehicles.

**CODES –** Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System.

**Countermeasure –** A strategy designed to address a specific safety problem defined by crash data. For example, to prevent roadway departure crashes, rumble strips are often installed along roadways to alert drivers when they are leaving the traveled way.

**CMF –** Crash Modification Factor.

**CTSP –** Community Traffic Safety Program.

**CVSP –** Commercial Vehicle Safety Plan.

**DOT –** Department of Transportation.

**DPS –** Department of Public Safety.

**Emphasis Area –** Emphasis areas are usually divided into 22 categories based on extensive research by the AASHTO and National Cooperative Highway Research Program in their Strategic Highway Safety Plan (NCHRP). These include infrastructure (e.g., utility pole collisions), crash types (e.g., headâ€“on collisions, lane departures), behavior (e.g., alcohol, speeding, occupant protection), vehicle types (e.g., bicycles, motorcycles, heavy trucks), and at risk populations (e.g., young drivers, older drivers). Implementation guides have been developed for these emphasis areas and are available as 22 volumes of the NCHRP Report 500.

**FARS –**Fatality Analysis Reporting System. National database of fatal crashes since 1975 that allows detailed analysis of the driver, vehicle, involved persons, and crash.

**FHWA –** Federal Highway Administration.

**FMCSA –** Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. Focuses on reducing crashes involving large trucks and buses.

**GES –** General Estimates System.

**GHSA –** Governors Highway Safety Association.

**HRRRP –** High-Risk Rural Roads Program.

**HPMS –** Highway Performance Monitoring System.

**HSIP –** Highway Safety Improvement Program.

**HSM –** Highway Safety Manual.

**HSP –** Highway Safety Plan.

**IPM –** Implementation Process Model.

**IT –** Information Technology.

**LRTP –** Longâ€“Range Transportation Plan.

**LTAP –** Local Technical Assistance Program.

**MCMIS –** Motor Carrier Management Information System.

**MCSAP –** Motor Carrier Safety Assistance Program.

**MOU –** Memorandum of Understanding.

**MPO –** Metropolitan Planning Organization. Required in all metropolitan areas with a population of 50,000 or more, these agencies conduct regional transportation and other planning activities and are required to develop the regionâ€TMs Metropolitan Transportation Plan.

**NEMSIS –** National Emergency Medical Services Information System.

**NHTSA –** National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Provides National and State research and analysis on all aspects of transportation safety and funds many behavioral efforts. RHGX – Railwayâ€“Highway Grade Crossing Program.

**RSA –** Road Safety Audit. A formal safety performance examination of a roadway or intersection by an independent, multidisciplinary audit team to identify the elements of the road that present safety concerns and opportunities for mitigation.

**SAFETEAâ€“LU –** Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act – A Legacy for Users.

**SHSO –** State Highway Safety Office.

**SHSP –** Strategic Highway Safety Plan. Required by SAFETEAâ€“LU, these State transportation safety plans include analysis of crash data to identify emphasis areas where a reduction in fatal and injury crashes is needed, as well as strategies for improvement. Plans must be developed via the involvement of a wide range of stakeholders representing the 4E’s of safety.

**STIP –** State Transportation Improvement Program. Identifies projects from the State’s longâ€“range transportation plan that are funded and will be implemented in the short term.

**TIP –** Transportation Improvement Program. Identifies funded projects to be implemented in the short term from the MPOs regional transportation plan.

**Traffic Records –** System containing crash report data to enable safety problem identification.

**TRCC –** Traffic Records Coordinating Committee.

**TSP –** Transportation Safety Planning.

**UPWP –** Unified Planning Work Program.

**VIN –** Vehicle Identification Number.

**VMT –** Vehicle Miles Traveled.
      
  Book traversal links for Glossary
      ‹ Resources
                    Up
                    SHSP IPM Case Studies ›
                
                Book:The Strategic Highway Safety Plan Implementation Process Model
              SHSP IMP Overview
                Chapter 1 Overview of the Essential Eight Components
                Chapter 2 Leadership, Collaboration, and Communication
                Chapter 3 Collecting, Analyzing, and Sharing Data
                Chapter 4 Emphasis Area Action Plans
                Chapter 5 Integration into Other Transportation Plans and Programs
                Chapter 6 Marketing
                Chapter 7 Monitoring, Evaluation, and Feedback
                Resources
                Glossary
                SHSP IPM Case Studies
                Key Strategies
                Checklists U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

**Federal Highway Administration**

1200 NEW JERSEY AVENUE, SE

WASHINGTON, DC 20590

202-366-4000Subscribe to email updates
                    About
  

        
              About FHWA
                Careers
                Org Chart
                Staff Directories
                Work with UsPrograms
  

        
              Acquisition Management
                Civil Rights
                Federal Lands Highway
                Infrastructure
                Innovative Program Delivery
                Operations
                Planning, Environment, and Realty
                Policy
                Research, Development, and Technology
                SafetyPolicies, Rights, Legal
  

        
              About DOT
                Accessibility
                Budget and Performance
                Civil Rights
                FOIA
                Information Quality
                No FEAR Act
                Office of Inspector General
                Privacy Policy
                USA.gov
                Web Policies and Notices
                Web StandardsNews & Events
  

        
              Newsroom
                Press Releases
                Speeches & Testimony
                Media Contacts
                Connect with Us