-  Home 
-  Handbook for Designing Roadways for the Aging Population 

# In This Section

                      -  Other Safety Areas 
                      -  Road Diets 
                      -  Lighting and Visibility                          -  Overview 
                        -  Sign Retroreflectivity 
                        -  Pavement Markings 
                        -  Roadway Lighting 
                      -  Focused Approach to Safety 
                      -  Motorcyclist Safety 
                      -  Older Road Users                          -  Overview 
                        -  Crash Facts 
                        -  Engineering and Training 
                        -  Federal and State Programs 
                        -  Community Resources 
                        -  Articles 
                      -  Work Zone Safety 
                      -  Transportation Safety Planning (TSP) 

# APPENDIX D

### References

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Adams, A., Wong, L., Wong, L., and Gould, B. (1988). “Visual Acuity Changes With Age: Some New Perspectives.” *American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics*, 65, pp. 403-406.

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Agent, K.R. (1987). “Guidelines for the Use of Protected/Permissive Left-Turn Phasing.” *Institute of Transportation Engineers Journal*, *July*, pp. 37-42. Institute of Transportation Engineers: Washington, D.C.

Agent, K.R. (1988). “Traffic Control and Accidents at Rural High-Speed Intersections.” *Transportation Research Record*, 1160, pp. 14-21. Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.

Agent, K.R. and Deen, R.C. (1975). “Relationship Between Roadway Geometrics and Accidents.” *Transportation Research Record*, 541, pp. 1-11. Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.

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Bali, S., Potts, R., Fee, J.A., Taylor, J.I., and Glennon, J. (1978). *Cost-Effectiveness and Safety of Alternative Roadway Delineation Treatments for Rural Two-Lane Highways*. *Final Report*, *Vol II*. Publication No. FHWA-RD-78-51. Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

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Ball, K., Owsley, C., Sloane, M., Roenker, D., and Bruni, J. (1993). “Visual Attention Problems as a Predictor of Vehicle Crashes Among Older Drivers.” *Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science*, 34, pp. 3110-3123.

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Bates, L. (1974). *The Effect of Arrowboard Trucks on Merging Traffic*. Illinois Department of Transportation.

Bell, B., Wolfe, E., and Bernholtz, C.D. (1972). “Depth Perception as a Function of Age.” *Human Development*, 3, pp. 77-88.

Benekohal, R.F., Resende, P., Shim, E., Michaels, R.M., and Weeks, B. (1992). *Highway Operations Problems of Elderly Drivers in Illinois*. Publication No. FHWA-IL-92-023. Illinois Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration.

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Bezkorovainy, G. and Holsinger, R. (1966). “The Use of Stop Signs at Railroad Crossings.” *Traffic Engineering*, Vol 37(2), pp. 54-59.

Berg, W.D., Knoblauch, K., and Hueke, W. (1982). “Causal Factors in Railroad-Highway Crossing Crashes.” *Transportation Research Record*, 847, pp. 47-54. Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.

Bhise, V. and Rockwell, T. (1973). “Toward the Development of a Methodology for Evaluating Highway Signs Based on Driver Information Acquisition.” *Highway Research Record*, 440, pp. 38-56.

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Blaauw, G.J. (1985). “Vehicle Guidance by Delineation Systems at Night.” *Ergonomics*, 28(12), pp. 1601-1615.

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Blackwell, O.M. and Blackwell, H.R. (1971). “Visual Performance Data for 156 Normal Observers of Various Ages.” *Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society*, *October*.

Blackwell, O.M. and Blackwell, H.R. (1980). “Individual Responses to Lighting Parameters for a Population of 235 Observers of Varying Ages.” *Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society*, *July*, pp. 205-232.

Blackwell, H.R. and Taylor, J.H. (1969). *Survey of Laboratory Studies of Visual Detection. NATO Seminar on Detection, Recognition, and Identification of Line-of-Sight Targets*. The Hague, Netherlands.

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Bonneson, J.A. and McCoy, P.T. (1997). *Capacity and Operational Effects of Midblock Left-Turn Lanes*. National Cooperative Highway Research Program, Report No. 395. Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.

Bonneson, J.A., McCoy, P.T., and Truby, J.E. (1993). “Safety Improvements at Intersections on Rural Expressways: A Survey of State Departments of Transportation.” *Transportation Research Record*, 1385, pp. 41-47. Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.

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Boynton, R.M., Corwin, T.R., and Sternheim, C. (1970). “Visibility Losses Produced by Flash Adaptation.” *Illuminating Engineering*, 65, pp. 259-266.

Boynton, R.M. and Miller, N.R. (1963). “Visual Performance Under Conditions of Transient Adaptation.” *Illumination Engineering*, 58, pp. 541-550.

Boynton, R.M., Rinalducci, E.J., and Sternheim, C. (1969). “Visibility Losses Produced by Transient Adaptation Changes in the Range of 0.4 to 4,000 Foot-Lamberts.” *Illuminating Engineering*, 64, pp. 217-227.

Bracket, R., Stuart, M., Woods, D., and Ross, H. (1984). *Delineation of Temporary Barriers in Work Zones*. Texas Transportation Institute, Publication No. 4151-1.

Brackett, Q., Huchingson, R.D., Trout, N.D., and Womack, K. (1992). “Study of Urban Guide Sign Deficiencies.” *Transportation Research Record*, 1368, pp. 1-9. Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.

Brainin, P.A. (1980). *Safety and Mobility Issues in Licensing and Education of Older Drivers*. Publication No. DOT-HS-805-492. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Brainin, P.A., Bloom, R., Breedlove, R., and Edwards, J. (1977). *Older Driver Licensing and Improvement System (Final Report)*. Publication No. DOT-HS-7-01502. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Brich, Steven C. (1995). *Investigation of Retroreflective Sign Materials at Passive Railroad Crossings*. Virginia Transportation Research Council. Final Report No. VTRC95-R22. Charlottesville, VA.

Bridwell, N., Alicandri, E., Fischer, D., and Kloeppel, E. (1993). *A Preliminary Laboratory Investigation of Passive Railroad Crossing Signs*. Publication No. FHWA-RD-93-153. Federal Highway Administration, McLean, VA.

Brilon, W. (1996). *Sichert von Kreisverkehrsplatzen*, unpublished paper. In Jacquemart, 1998, *Synthesis of Highway Practice 264: Synthesis of Roundabout Practice in the United States*. National Cooperative Highway Research Program. Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.

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Bryden, J.E. (1979). *Effectiveness of Flashing Arrow Boards During Moving Maintenance Operations*. Publication No. FHWA-NY-RR-79-73. New York Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

Bryden, J.E. (1990). “Crash Tests of Work Zone Traffic Control Devices.” *Transportation Research Record*, 1254, pp. 26-35. Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.

Burg, A. (1967). *The Relationship Between Vision Test Scores and Driving Record: General Findings*. Report 67-24. Department of Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles.

Burnham, A.C., Jr. (1992). “Chapter 8: Traffic Signs and Markings.” In: Pline, J.L. (Eds). *Tr affi c Engineering Handbook, Fourth Edition*. Institute of Transportation Engineers. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.

Burnham, A. (1994). “Stop Sign Effectiveness at Railroad Grade Crossings: Abuse Without Excuse.” *Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Railroad-Highway Crossing Research and Safety*. Knoxville, TN.

Burns, D.M. and Pavelka, L.A. (1995). “Visibility of Durable Fluorescent Materials for Signing Applications.” *Color Research and Application*, 20, 108-116.

Bush, R.J. (1986). *Statewide Pedestrian Study Phase 3 Reportâ€“Correlation and Evaluation of Pedestrian Accident Data*. Publication No. FHWA-MD-86-01. Maryland State Highway Administration and the Federal Highway Administration.

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Davis, T.D. (1983). *Construction Zone Safety and Delineation Study*. Publication No. FHWA-NJ-83-005. New Jersey Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

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Dudek, C.L. (1991). *Guidelines on the Use of Changeable Message Signs*. Publication No. FHWA-TS90-043. Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

Dudek, C.L. and Huchingson, R.D. (1986). *Manual on Real Time Motorist Information Displays*. Publication No. FHWA-IP-86-16. Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

Dudek, C.L., Huchingson, R.D., Creasey, F., and Pendleton, O. (1988). “Field Studies of Temporary Pavement Markings at Overlay Project Zones on Two-Lane, Two-Way Rural Highways.” *Transportation Research Record*, 1160, pp. 22-34. Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.

Dudek, C.L., Huchingson, R.D., Williams, R.D., and Koppa, R.J. (1981). *Human Factors Design of Dynamic Visual and Auditory Displays for Metropolitan Traffic Management, Vol 2: Dynamic Displays*. Publication No. FHWA-RD-81-040. Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.

Dudek, C.L., Huchingson, R.D., and Woods, D. (1986). “Evaluation of Temporary Marking Patterns for Work Zones.” *Transportation Research Record*, 1086, pp. 12-20. Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.

Dudek, C.L., Richards, S.H., and Faulkner, M.J.S. (1981). *Feasibility of Changeable Message Signs and Highway Advisory Radio for Freeway Maintenance*. Research Report 228-9-

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## Book traversal links for APPENDIX D

-  **‹** APPENDIX C 
-  Up 

Book: Handbook for Designing Roadways for the Aging Population
                  -  Preface 
                  -  Acknowledgements 
                  -  Abbreviations and Acronyms 
                  -  Chapter 1. How to Use this Handbook 
                  -  Part I. Treatments 
                  -  Chapter 2. Intersections 
                  -  Chapter 3. Interchanges 
                  -  Chapter 4. Roadway Segments 
                  -  Chapter 5. Construction/Work Zones 
                  -  Chapter 6. Highway-Rail Grade Crossing 
                  -  Part II. Rationale and Supporting Evidence 
                  -  Chapter 7. Intersections 
                  -  Chapter 8. Interchanges 
                  -  Chapter 9. Roadway Segments 
                  -  Chapter 10. Construction/Work Zones 
                  -  Chapter 11. Highway-Rail Grade Crossings 
                  -  APPENDIX A 
                  -  APPENDIX B 
                  -  APPENDIX C 
                  -  APPENDIX D