DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

FRANKLIN K. LANE, Secretary

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director

Water-Supply Paper 416

THE DIVINING ROD

A HISTORY OF WATER WITCHING

WITH A BIBLIOGRAPHY

BY

AETHTJE J. EIX.IS

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1917
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CONTENTS.

Page.

Introductory note, by O. E. Meinzer....................................... 5

Form of the divining rod................................................... 7

Origin of the divining rod................................................... 8

Spread of the delusion..................................................... 12

Origin of "water witching"................................................ 15

Ecclesiastical controversies................................................ 16

Use of the divining rod in detecting criminals............................... 16

Scientific controversies.................................................... 18

Le Brun and others................................................... 18

Thouvenel............................................................. 18

Chevreul and Faraday................................................. 21

Latimer.............................................................. 21

Baymond............................................................. 88

Barrett............................................................... 22

Mager................................................................. 23

Becent investigations.................................................. 23

Mechanical water findere................................................... 23

Bibliography of "water witching" ........................................ 26

Index.................................................................... 55

ILLUSTRATIONS.

FIGURE 1. Ordinary divining rod held in the usual manner................... 7

2. Less common manner of holding the divining rod....:............ 7

3. Various old types of divining rods and the ways in which they were

held; afterVallemont (1693).................................... 8

4. Use of divining rods in prospecting for ore; from Agricola, De re

metallica (German edition, 1580).............................. 13

INTRODUCTORY NOTE.

By O. E. MEINZER.

The use of a forked twig, or so-called divining rod, in locating 

minerals, finding hidden treasure, or detecting criminals is a curious 

superstition that has been a subject of discussion since the middle 

of the sixteenth century and still has a strong hold on the popular 

mind, even in this country, as is shown by the large number of inquiries received each year by the United States Geological Survey as to 

its efficacy, especially for locating underground water, and the persistent demands that it be made a subject of investigation, by the 

Survey. The bibliography shows that a truly astonishing number 

of books and pamphlets have been written on the subject. The 

purpose of the present brief paper is not to add another contribution 

to this enormous volume of uncanny literature but merely to furnish 

a reply to the numerous inquiries that are continually being received 

from all parts of the country. The outline of the history of the subject presented in the following pages will probably enable most 

honest inquirers to appreciate the practical uselessness of "water 

witching" and other applications of the divining rod, but those 

who wish to delve further into the mysteries of the subject are 

referred td the literature cited in the bibliography, in which they will 

find reports in painful detail of exhaustive investigations and pseudoinvestigations of every phase of the subject and every imaginable 

explanation of the supposed phenomena.

It is doubtful whether so much investigation and discussion have 

been bestowed on any other subject with such absolute lack of positive results. It is difficult to see how for practical purposes the 

entire matter could be more thoroughly discredited, and it should be 

obvious to everyone that further tests by the United States Geological Survey of this so-called "witching" for water, oil, or other 

minerals would be a misuse of public funds»

A large number of more complicated devices for locating water 

or other minerals are closely related to the forked twig. A favorite 

trick for appealing to uneducated persons and yet making specific 

disproof impossible is to give as the working principle of such a device 

some newly discovered and vaguely understood phenomenon, as, for 

example, radioactivity. Many such devices have been in existence
6 THE DIVINING ROD.

since the seventeenth century, and almost without exception the 

claims that are made for them ar** very great. If any genuine 

instrument were invented its merits would no doubt in time become 

well recognized, as have those of other real inventions. The magnetic needle used in detecting iron ore is, of course, not included in 

this category of spurious instruments.

It is by no means true that all persons using a forked twig or some 

other device for locating water or other mineral are intentional 

deceivers. Some of them are doubtless men of good character and 

benevolent intentions. However, as anything that can be deeply 

veiled in mystery affords a» good opportunity for swindlers, there 

can be no reasonable doubt that many of the large group of professional finders of water, oil, or other minerals who take pay for their 

"services" or for the sale of their "instruments" are deliberately 

defrauding the people, and that the total amount of money they 

obtain is large.

To all inquirers the United States Geological Survey therefore 

gives the advice not to expend any money for the services of any 

"water witch" or for the use or purchase of any machine or instrument devised for locating underground water or other minerals.
THE DIVINING ROD: A HISTORY OF WATER WITCHING.

By ARTHUR J. ELLIS.

FORM OF THE DIVINING ROD.

In its most familiar form the so-called divining rod is a forked twig, 

one fork of which is usually held in each hand in such a manner that 

the butt end of the twig normally points upward (figs. 1 and 2). The 

supposition is that when 

carried to a place beneath 

which water or other minerals lie, the butt end will 

be attracted downward, or, 

according to some diviners, 

will whirl round and round. 

There are many modifications in both the form and 

the manipulation of the 

device. For instance, a 

straight twig may be held 

at the small end, allowing

the butt end to bob up and FlGURE l-O^inary divining rod held in the usual manner.

down, the number of bobs being taken to indicate the depth to water 

or ore in fathoms or feet or other common unit of measure.

The opinion as to the kind of wood of which the twig should consist 

has differed greatly at different times and places, but peach, willow,

hazel, and witch hazel are 

common favorites. By some 

diviners the twig is cut indiscriminately from any Kind 

of tree, or the device is made 

of metal or is some common 

implement, such as a buggy 

whip. Formerly incantations were used in connection with the divining rod.

Some diviners appear to 

pass into abnormal or psychical states and have muscular spasms, such as occur in cases of 

hysteria, which, it is contended, can not be repeated at will by the

7

FIGURE 2. Less common manner of holding the divining 

rod.
8 THE DIVINING ROD.

diviner when he returns to a normal state. Under such conditions 

the twig may not only rotate, but one fork may be completely twisted 

off by the force with which it is driven round and round.

Divining rods have been put to a wide variety of uses since the 

superstition first became popular, and it is not uncommon even 

at the present time to find them used by a single person to obtain 

diverse results, among which there is no conceivable relation. For 

example, Henri Mager purports to use the rod to detect the presence

of water and ores and to measure their depth below the 

surface, to analyze water and 

ores, to determine the directions of the cardinal points, to 

measure the height of trees, 

and to perform other marvels. 

(See p. 23.) In tracing the 

history of the subject it is 

found that divining rods have 

been used for all of the following purposes: (1) To locate 

ore deposits, (2) to discover 

buried or hidden treasure, (3) 

to find lost landmarks and 

reestablish property boundaries, (4) to detect criminals, 

(5) to analyze personal character, (6) to cure diseases, (7) 

to trace lost or strayed domestic animals, (8) to insure 

immunity against ill fortune 

when preserved as a fetish, 

(9) to locate well sites, (10)

tO , flraCe rflpp fUp IneroilTNPci courses of OI lin- u

derground streams, (11) to 

determine the amount of water available by drilling at a given spot, 

(12) to determine the depth at which water or ores occur, (13) to 

determine the direction of cardinal points, (14) to determine the 

heights of trees, and (15) to analyze ores and waters.

ORIGIN OF THE DIVINING ROD.

The origin of the divining rod is lost in antiquity. Students of 

the subject have discovered in ancient literature many more or less 

vague references to it, and though it is certain that rods or wands 

of some kind were in use among ancient peoples for forecasting events 

and searching for lost objects, and in occult practices generally, little

FIGURE 3. Various old types of divining rods and 

the ways in which they were held. (After Vallemont, 1693.)
OBIGIN. 9

is known of the manner in which such rods were used or what 

relation, if any, they may have to the modern device. The "rod" 

is mentioned many times in the Bible in connection with miraculous 

performances, especially in the books of Moses. The much-quoted 

passage describing the "smiting of the rock" (Numbers xx, 9-11) 

has been regarded by enthusiasts of water witching as a significant 

reference to the divining rod,1 as have also the following passages: 

"My people ask council at their stocks, and their staff declareth 

unto them" (Hosea iv, 12); and "The king of Babylon stood at the 

parting of the way, at the head of two ways, to use divination; he 

made his arrows bright," etc. (Ezekiel xxi, 21).

The following paragraphs are quoted from Rossiter Raymond's 

essay 2 on the use of rods for divination:

The Scythians, Persians, and Medes used them. Herodotus says that the Scythians 

detected perjurers by means of rods. The word rhabdomancy,3 originated by the 

Greeks, shows that they practiced this art; and the magic power of the rods of Minerva, 

Circe, and Hermes or Mercury is familiar to classical students. The lituus of the 

Romans, with which the augurs divined, was apparently an arched rod. Cicero, who 

had himself been an augur, says, in his treatise on divination, that he does not see 

how two augurs, meeting in the street, could look each other in the face without 

laughing. At the end of the first book of this treatise he quotes a couplet from the 

old Latin poet Ennius, representing a person from whom a diviner had demanded a 

fee as replying to this demand, "I will pay you out of the treasures which you enable 

me to find." * * *

Marco Polo reports the use of rods or arrows for divination throughout the Orient, 

and a later traveler describes it among the Turks. Tacitus says that the ancient 

Germans used for this purpose branches of fruit trees. One of their tribes, the Frisians, 

employed rods in church to detect murderers. Finally, if we may trust Gonsalez 

de Mendoza, the Chinese, who seem to have had everything before anybody else, 

used pieces of wood for divination.

Thus we perceive that the application of the divining rod in historical antiquity 

was mainly or wholly moral that is, it was employed to detect guilt, decide future 

events, advise courses of action, etc. There are but two passages which have been 

quoted to prove its use for physical purposes; one from Ctesias (Apud phot. bibl. 

cod.), who speaks of a rod of the wood Parebus, which attracted gold, silver, other 

metals, stones, and several other things; the other from Cicero (De Officiis, lib. I), 

who says, "If we could obtain with the so-called divine rod everything pertaining to 

food and clothing (ad victum cultumque)," etc.4

On the other hand, the silence of many authors is significant, as Chevreul has pointed 

out. Varro does not mention the use of the rod for the discovery of subterranean 

waters or metals. Vitruvius, discussing the means of discovering springs, says nothing 

of it. Pliny, in Book XXX of his Natural History, omits it from his enumeration of 

magical arts and methods, and in Book XXXI, describing (after Vitruvius) the means 

of discovering springs, and Book XXXIII, describing explorations for metals, is 

equally silent concerning it. Columella, Palladius, and in the sixth century Cassioi Latimer, Charles, The divining rod, p. 20,1876.

»Raymond, R. W., The divining rod: Am. Inst. Min. Eng. Trans., vol. 11, pp. 415-416,1883. See also 

U. S. Geol. Survey Mineral Resources, 1882, pp. 610-626,1883.

* Rhabdomancy, from the Greek fl&08os, rod, and luxvnta, divination, is the practice of searching for 

springs, well sites, precious metals, and other things concealed in the earth by means of a divining rod.

* This reference in complete form reads as follows: "If all that is needful for our nourishment and support 

arrives to us by means of some divine rod, as people say, then each of us, free from all care and trouble, 

may give himself up to the exclusive pursuit of study and science."
10 THE DIVINING ROD.

dorus are likewise dumb, though the latter in one of his epistles (Theodoric, LIII) 

extols the utility of the professional water discoverers.

Whatever significance one may attach to such references as those 

cited above, no conclusive evidence has been found of the use of the 

divining rod as it is now known earlier than the first half of the sixteenth century. What is believed to be the first published description of the rod is contained in Georgius Agricola's "De re metallica," 

which was begun about 1533 and was published in 1556. There 

is a striking similarity between some of the ideas expressed in this, 

account and some of those now held regarding the rod and its use, 

which, it is believed, justify its quotation. The following paragraphs 

are quoted from the Hoover translation: * -

There are many great contentions between miners concerning the forked twig, for 

some say that it is of the greatest use in discovering veins, and others deny it. Some of 

those who manipulate and use the twig first cut a fork from a hazel bush with a 

knife, for this bush they consider more efficacious than any other for revealing veins, 

especially if the hazel bush grows above a vein. Others use a different kind of twig for 

each metal, when they are seeking to discover the veins, for they employ hazel twigs for 

veins of silver; ash twigs for copper; pitch pine for lead and especially tin, and rods 

made of iron and steel for gold. All alike grasp the forks of the twig with their hands, 

clenching their fists, it being necessary that the clenched fingers should be held 

toward the sky in order that the twig should be raised at that end where the two 

branches meet. Then they wander hither and thither at random through mountainous 

regions. It is said that the moment they place their feet on a vein the twig immediately turns and twists, and so by its action discloses the vein; when they move their 

feet again and go away from that spot the twig becomes once more immobile.

The truth is, they assert, the movement of the twig is caused by the power of the 

veins, and sometimes this is so great that the branches of trees growing near a vein 

are deflected toward it. On the other hand, those who say that the twig is of no use 

to good and serious men, also deny that the motion is due to the power of the veins, 

because the twig will not move for everybody, but only for those who employ incantations and craft. Moreover, they deny the power of a vein to draw to itself the 

branches of trees, but they say that the warm and dry exhalations cause "these 

contortions. Those who advocate the use of the twig make this reply to these objections: When one of the miners or some other person holds the twig in his hands, and it 

is not turned by the force of the veins, this is due to some peculiarity of the individual, 

which hinders and impedes the power of the vein, for since the power of the vein in 

turning and twisting the twig may be not unlike that of a magnet attracting and 

drawing iron toward itself, this hidden quality of a man weakens and breaks the 

force, just the same as garlic weakens and overcomes the strength of a magnet. For a 

magnet smeared with garlic juice can not attract iron, nor does it attract the latter 

when rusty. Further, concerning the handling of the twig, they warn us that we 

should not press the fingers together too lightly, nor clench them too firmly, for if the 

twig is held lightly they say that it will fall before the force of the vein can turn it; if, 

however, it is grasped too firmly the force of the hands resists the force of the veins and 

counteracts it. Therefore, they consider that five things are necessary to insure that 

the twig shall serve its purpose: of these the first is the size of the twig, for the force of 

the vein cannot turn too large a stick; secondly, there is the shape of the twig, which 

must be forked or the vein can not turn it; thirdly, the power of the vein which has 

the nature to turn it; fourthly, the manipulation of the twig; fifthly, the absence of

i Agricola, Georgius, De re metallica, translated from first Latin edition of 1556 by H. C. and L. H. 

Hoover, pp. 38-41,1912.
ORIGIN. 11

impeding peculiarities. These advocates of the twig sum up their conclusions as 

follows: If the rod does not move for everybody, it is due to unskilled manipulation or 

to the impeding peculiarities of the man which oppose and resist the force of the 

veins, as we said above, and those who search for veins by means of the twig need not 

necessarily make incantations, but it is sufficient that they handle it suitably and are 

devoid of impeding power; therefore, the twig may be of use to good and serious men 

in discovering veins. With regard to deflection of branches of trees they say nothing 

and adhere to their opinion.

Since this matter remains in dispute and causes much dissension amongst miners, I 

consider it ought to be examined on its own merits. The wizards, who also make use 

of rings, mirrors, and crystals, seek for veins with a divining rod shaped like a fork; 

but its shape makes no difference in the matter it might be straight or of some other 

form for it is not the form of the twig that matters [see fig. 3], but the wizard's incantations which it would not become me to repeat, neither do I wish to do so. The 

ancients, by means of the divining rod, not only procured those things necessary for a 

livelihood or for luxury, but they were able also to alter the forms of things by it; as 

when the magicians changed the rods of the Egyptians into serpents, as the writings 

of the Hebrews relate; and as in Homer, Minerva with a divining rod turned the aged 

Ulysses suddenly into a youth and then restored him back again to old age; Circe 

also changed Ulysses' companions into beasts, but afterward gave them back again 

their human forms; moreover, by his rod, which was called "Caduceus," Mercury 

gave sleep to watchmen and awoke slumberers. Therefore it seems that the divining 

rod passed to the mines from its impure origin with the magicians. Then when 

good men shrank with horror from incantations and rejected them, the twig was retained by the unsophisticated common miners, and in searching for new veins some 

traces of these ancient usages remain.

But since truly the twigs of the miners do move, albeit they do not generally use 

incantations, some say this movement is caused by the po^er of the veins, others say 

that it depends on the manipulation, and still others think that the movement is due to 

both these causes. But, in truth, all those objects which are endowed with the power 

of attraction do not twist things in circles, but attract them directly to themselves; 

for instance, the magnet does not turn the iron but draws it directly to itself, and 

amber rubbed until it is warm does not bend straws about, but simply draws them to 

itself. If the power of the veins were of a similar nature to that of the magnet and 

the amber, the twig would not so much twist as move once only, in a semicircle, 

and be drawn directly to the vein, and unless the strength of the man who holds the 

twig were to resist and oppose the force of the vein the twig would be brought to the 

ground; wherefore, since this is not the case, it must necessarily follow that the manipulation is the cause of the twig's twisting motion. It is a conspicuous fact that these 

cunning manipulators do not use a straight twig but a forked one cut from a hazel 

bush or from some other wood equally flexible, so that if it be held in the hands, as 

they are accustomed to hold it, it turns in a circle for any man wherever he stands. 

Nor is it strange that the twig does not turn when held by the inexperienced, because 

they either grasp the forks of the twig too tightly or hold them too loosely. Nevertheless, these things give rise to the faith among common miners that veins are discovered by the use of twigs, because whilst using these they do accidentally discover 

some; but it more often happens that they lose their labour, and although they might 

discover a vein, they become none the less exhausted in digging useless trenches 

than do the miners who prospect in an unfortunate locality. Therefore a miner, since 

we think he ought to be a good and serious man, should not make use of an enchanted 

twig, because if he is prudent and skilled in the natural signs he understands that a 

forked stick is of no use to him, for, as I have said before, there are the natural indications of the veins which he can see for himself without the help of twigs. So if Nature 

or chance should indicate a locality suitable for mining, the miner should dig hi 3 

trenches there; if no vein appears he must dig numerous trenches until he discovers 

an outcrop of a vein.
12 THE DIVINING EjOD.

Thsre are two accounts of earlier date than "De re metallica" 

which are mentioned in most histories of the divining rod. One of 

these accounts is contained in the "Novum testamentum" of Basilius 

Valentinus, a Benedictine monk of the fifteenth century, who devoted 

seven chapters of the second book of his work to a didactic account 

of the use of the divining rod. But there is some confusion as to the 

date and as to the authorship of this book, and Raymond points out 

that the existence even of Basilius Valentinus is not beyond doubt. 

Gadenus states, in his "Historia Erfordiensis" (1675), that Basilius 

was living at St. Peter's convent at Erfurth in 1413, but the earliest 

copy of the "Testamentum/' which is a French translation in manuscript, is dated 1651, and the book was not printed until about fifty 

years after Agricola. The other account is contained in "De natura 

rerum," IX, by Paracelsus, which was no doubt written prior to 

"De re metallica," for Paracelsus died in 1541, but it was not published until some time later. From this account Hoover l quotes:

These [divinations] are vain and misleading, and among the first of them are divining 

rods, which have deceived many, miners. If they once point rightly they deceive 

ten or twenty times. '

Barrett 2 considers it practically certain that the birthplace of the 

modern divining rod is in the mining districts of Germany, probably in 

the Harz Mountains, where the most approved mining processes 

were first devised. He says:

Possibly they were led to its use from the belief, once universal among educated 

men like Melanchthon, that metallic ores attracted certain trees which thereupon 

drooped over the place where those ores were to be found, the drooping no doubt being 

due to the soil or other causes. A branch of the tree was therefore cut and held to see 

where it drooped; later on a branch was held in each hand and the extremities tied 

together, as shown in an old Italian plate [See fig. 4]; finally, for convenience, a 

forked branch was cut, the two ends grasped one in each hand with palms upward; 

the arms of the holder were then brought to the side of the body, so that the forked 

rod was held in somewhat unstable equilibrium, and the "diviner" set forth on his 

quest with, in old time, certain solemnities and invocations.

At any rate the divining rod came into common use first in Germany 

as a means for locating mines and also for discovering buried treasure, 

a matter of rather common interest in those days, when the practice 

of burying money and plate for safe keeping was so general.

SPREAD OF THE DELUSION.

German miners were imported into England during the reign, of 

Elizabeth (1558-1603) to lend an impetus to the industry in Cornwall, 

which had been passing through a period of depression. By them 

the divining rod was introduced into England, and before the end of 

the seventeenth century it had spread through the countries of 

Europe. Everywhere it aroused controversy. Its champions, among

1 Hoover, H. C. and L. H., Agricola, De re metallica, p. 38,1912.

2 Barrett, W. F., Soc. Psych. Res. Proc., vol. 13, p. 13,1897-98.
SPEEAD OF THE DELUSION. 13

whom were some of the most learned men of the time, explained its 

operation, as, indeed, they explained nearly all facts of physics and 

chemistry, on the principle of "sympathy" or "attraction and repulsion." The common phenomena of gravity and magnetism 

doubtless suggested this interpretation. Philippe Melanchthon, in his 

"Discours surla sympathie," 15 ?; his son-in-law, Gaspar Peucer, 

in"Les devins," 1584 (book 13, ch. 10); Porta, in "Magiae naturalis,"

FIGURE 4. Use of divining rods in prospecting for ore. A, Twig; B, trench. (From Agricola, De re 

metallica, German edition, 1580.)

1569(book 1, ch. 8); Keckermann(1573-1609)in "Systemata physica" 

(book 1, ch. 8); and Michel Mayer, in "Verum inventum," 1619 (ch. 

4), attribute the action of the divining rod to "sympathetic affinity."

The adversaries of the divining rod, on the other hand, like Paracelsus and Agricola, condemned its use as a superstitious and vain 

practice, without attempting to refute the specific arguments advanced by their opponents or flatly denying its supernatural connections.

A third view was that involving a demoniac influence, and Raymond suggests that the adversaries of the rod, including Agricola,
14 THE DIVINING ROD.

may have adopted their attitude of reserve on the question of Satanic 

influences from a desire to avoid possible serious consequences. 

Another view, closely related to that of satanic influence, is described by Kaymond 1 as follows:

A fourth view was indeed advanced, according to which the operator, as well as the 

rod, was the recipient of a divinely given faculty. It was no doubt with the purpose 

of avoiding the odium attached to dealings with the Evil One that the professors of 

this science, particularly in Germany, surrounded it with ceremonies and formulas 

of a highly pious character. It is true that the rules sometimes prescribed for the cutting of the twig partook largely of heathen sorcery and astrology. They were indeed, to 

eorne extent, unconscious reminiscences of the old Scandinavian, and even of the 

Aryan mythology. But this was atoned for when the rod was duly Christianized by 

baptism, being laid for this purpose in the bed with a newly baptized child, by whose 

Christian name it was afterward addressed. The following formula, cited by Gaetzschmann, may serve as an example: "In the name of the Father and of the Son and of the 

Holy Ghost, I adjure thee, Augusta Carolina, that thou tell me, so pure and true as 

Mary the Virgin was, who bore our Lord Jesus Christ, how many fathoms is it from 

here to the ore? " In this case, the rod was expected to reply by dipping a certain 

number of times, corresponding to the number of fathoms,

It is readily conceivable that the motive for surrounding this practice with a religious atmosphere might not have been altogether a 

belief in its divine character, for at that time anyone found engaged 

in mysterious works was in danger of being charged with sorcery and 

burned to death.

In Cornwall the belief was common among the miners and still 

persists as a tradition, that the divining rod was guided to the ore 

deposits by the pixies, the fairy custodians of the mineral treasures 

of the earth.

Not only did the abstract discussion of this subject engage the attention of persons in all classes of society, but nobles and peasants, priests 

and philosophers representatives from every class busied themselves trying to locate ore deposits by means of forked twigs. Probably the most prominent diviners at this time were Baron de Beausoleil 

(Jean-Jacques de Chatelet), 1576-1643, and his wife. Beausoleil, 

who was one of the foremost mining authorities of his day, traveled 

extensively through the mining regions of Europe, visited America 

in his study of mining, and received important commissions from 

dukes and emperors, and even from the Pope. His wife shared his 

responsibilities and honors. But later they fell from favor through 

the machinations of rivals, and the fact that they used divining rods 

and other contrivances was made the basis of a charge of sorcery. 

After some years of persecution they were placed in prison (1642), the 

baron in the Bastile and his wife in Vincennes, where they died about 

1645. Raymond 2 writes:

In magnifying the art of discovering mines and springs, and the skill required for 

this purpose, she [the baroness, in "The restitution of Pluto"] gives a description of

i Raymond, R. W., The divining rod: Am. Inst. Min. Eng. Trans., vol. 11, p. 419,1883. 

* Idem, pp. 420-421.
ORIGIN OF " WATER WITCHING." 15

the means employed, showing that these hidden treasures are to be detected, (1) by 

digging, which is the least important way, (2) by the herbs and plants which grow 

above streams of water, (3) by the taste of the waters which flow from them, (4) by the 

vapors which arise from them at sunrise, and (5) by the use of 16 scientific instruments 

and 7 rods [the 7 rods of Basilius Valentinus] connected with the 7 planets," etc.

The first four means were undoubtedly real and really employed. Under the fifth 

head we have an illustration of what is so common in the alchemistic and other medieval writers, namely, the covering of the facts of nature and the methods of investigation 

Tvith assumed mystery to hide them from the vulgar.

This raises the interesting question as to the extent to which 

intelligent persons may have used divining rods in the early days for 

the sole purpose of concealing from the uninitiated their real methods 

of prospecting. One can hardly overestimate the respect for the 

divining rod that would be created among common miners if a man 

of real ability publicly attributed his success to its use, and it may 

be that the deep-rooted hold which the superstition obtained on the 

popular mind was due to just such circumstances as this.

ORIGIN OF "WATER WITCHING."

The above quotation from the Baroness Beausoleil is interesting 

also for the reason that in it the divining rod is mentioned as a means 

of discovering springs. The Beausoleils are believed to have been 

influential in bringing about the use of forked twigs in searching for 

water, although Barrett 1 writes as follows in regard to an account 

which he finds in a Life of Saint Teresa of Spain:

5Teresa in 1568 was offered the site for a convent to which there was only one objection there was no water supply; happily, a Friar Antonio came up with a twig in 

his hand, stopped at a certain spot, and appeared to be making the sign of the cross; 

hut Teresa says, "Really I can not be sure if it were the sign he made, at any rate 

he made some movement with the twig and then he said, ' Dig just here'; they dug, 

and lo! a plentiful fount of water gushed forth, excellent for drinking, copious for 

crashing, and it never ran dry."

Barrett regards this the first historical reference to "dowsing" for 

water, but Mager 2 and Klinckowstroem 3 mention a paper written 

by Claude Galien in 1630 on the supposed discovery of the ChateauThierry mineral water by Baroness Beausoleil as the first reference. 

At any rate, from about this time on the divining rod was used in 

southern Europe as much in the search for water as in the search 

for mines, although, according to Barrett, it was not used for this 

purpose in England until near the end of the eighteenth century.

This new application of the divining rod no doubt tended to popularize it. It had been of interest chiefly to miners, and outside 

of mining districts it was probably known only in a vague sort of 

way. But as a "water finder" it became more generally known,

1 Barrett, W. F., Psychical research, p. 171,1911.

2 Mager, Henri, Les moyens de d6couvrir les eaux souterraines et de les utiliser, p. 327,1912. 

» Klinckowstroem, Graf Carl v., Bibliographic der Wunsehelrute, p. 38.1911.
16 THE DIVINING EOD.

and in the very nature of things its successes must have outnumbered 

its failures, just as, taking the country over, successful wells outnumber unsuccessful ones.

ECCLESIASTICAL CONTROVERSIES.

The divining rod continued to be a favorite subject with alchemistic 

writers until about 1660, when a new turn of affairs was brought 

about largely by the Jesuit Father Gaspard Schott, who, in his 

"Magiae universalis naturae et artis" (1659), denounced it as an 

instrument controlled by the devil. The subject was then taken up 

by the church, and for more than 100 years it was hotly debated by 

churchmen. Some approved of the rod and authorized its use on 

church property; others condemned it and threatened those who used 

it with excommunication. Gaspard Schott later expressed the belief 

that its movements were probably not caused by the devil, as 

"monks of great piety have used it with really marvelous success, 

and affirm positively that the movement is entirely natural and that 

it does not at all proceed from dexterity or from the strength of 

imagination of him who uses it," and he and A. Kircher were the 

first to advance the theory that the movement of the rod is due to 

unconscious muscular action.

About 1671 Matthaeus Willenius published an account of the mercury wand, in which he stoutly defended the use of the divining 

rod, and two years later Jacques Le Koyer announced that the material of which the rod is made is of little consequence, as he claimed to 

have obtained equally good results with rods made of wood, oxhorn, 

ivory, gold, or silver.

In 1674 the Jesuit priest Dechales wrote (in "De fontibus naturalibus"):

There are two things which astonish me in this experience: Why this rod turns 

only in the hands of certain persons, and second, why this rod serves equally well to 

locate both underground streams and mines.

In 1675 J. C. Frommann, a doctor of medicine, ridiculed those who 

explained the movements of the rod as a sleight-of-hand trick, and 

compared the mystery of the rod with the mystery of reproduction. 

In 1684 another doctor of medicine (G. B. de Saint-Komain) explained the movements of the rod as due to emanations given off 

from minerals and underground streams.

USE OF THE DIVINING ROD IN DETECTING CRIMINALS.

Prior to 1692 the divining rod had been used in trying to locate 

minerals and water and possibly to some extent for other purposes. 

But in that year an incident occurred in southern France which 

added greatly to the notoriety of the divining rod and extended its 

field of operation into the moral world, in which, according to some
USE IN DETECTING CRIMINALS. 17

writers (p. 9), rods for divination had their origin. This incident, 

which is described in great detail by several writers,1 was the apprehension and identification of a criminal through the agency of a 

peasant of Dauphiny named Jacques Aymar, who claimed the ability 

to trace fugitives by the use of divining rods.

Interest in this case was intense and widespread and called forth 

a large amount of literature. In commenting on the case Barrett 2 

says:

The other one, a hunchback, who was arrested, confessed the crime and was executed: the last person in Europe who suffered that terrible penalty of being "broken 

at the wheel." * * * Strangely enough the depositions made at the trial showed 

that Aymar was correct in every detail, witnesses testifying to the flight and halting 

places of the culprits in the very places Aymar had indicated. * * * Aymar 

became notorious throughout Europe. He was, however, subsequently somewhat 

discredited owing to his failure in some tests devised by the Prince de Conde".

But Raymond, in a decidedly more skeptical treatment of the matter, raises some illuminating questions in regard to Aymar's integrity. His comment on the work of Aymar 3 includes the following 

statements:

This man, Jacques Aymar by name, was sent for or rather it was not necessary to 

send for him, since he proved to be already on hand in the city by the time it was 

decided to engage his services. This fact is significant as giving the key to what 

turned out to be an extraordinary piece of clever detective work. A careful analysis 

of the numerous official and other records of this case shows it to be quite possible 

that the diviner had obtained important clues before he was publicly set to work.

* * * The subsequent tracking of a hunchback would be no very difficult matter.

* * * But this achievement of the rod, attested as it was by official records and 

by the public confession and execution of the criminal made a great sensation in 

Prance. * * * Aymar was called to Paris, where both the court and the savants 

interested themselves greatly in his mysterious powers. Many marvelous feats are 

reported of him there; but the shrewd and rigorous experiments of the Prince de Conde" 

exposed the emptiness of his pretensions * * *. As late as 1703 this man was 

employed during the civil war to point out with his divining rod Protestants ior 

massacre, under the plea of punishment for crimes they had committed.

The belief that the divining rod was an instrument invented by 

Satan for the confusion of men was no doubt as old as the superstition 

itself, but, as previously indicated, it was greatly strengthened when 

in 1659 Gaspard Schott proclaimed that the rod was controlled by 

the devil, thereby identifying it with witchcraft and bringing it within 

the jurisdiction of the Church. Although the use of the divining rod 

differed essentially from witchcraft in many respects, nevertheless, 

in addition to its direct implication by its ecclesiastical adversaries, 

there was in some respects a very close relation between the two, as

i Baring-Gould, Sabine, Curious myths of the middle ages, p. 54,1894. Mager, Henri, Les moyens de 

d&souvrir les eaux souterraines et de les utiliser, pp. 362-365,1912.

* Psychical research, ch. 12, p. 172.

* Raymond, E. W., The divining rod: Am. Soc. Min. Eng. Trans., vol. 11, pp. 424-427,1883.

46874° WSP 416 17 2
18 THE DIVINING ROD.

is suggested by the use of incantations in connection with divining, 

and to this relationship may be ascribed in some measure the strengthening of belief in the rod. The significance of this lies in the fact that 

witchcraft, at the time of the Aymar episode, had become a frenzy, 

and anything even the simplest occurrences of everyday lif e which 

by any stretch of the imagination could be suspected of implication 

with witchcraft, became a 3ubject of discussion and the basis of firm 

opinions and beliefs.

In view of the prevalence of such beliefs as this reign of delusion 

implies, it is by no means difficult to account for the credence accorded 

to such claims as those made by Jacques Aymar. Moreover, considering the ordeals of torture inflicted on persons accused of crime 

to extract confessions, by a strange perversion called "voluntary," 

and often inflicted on the witnesses as well, and considering also the 

fact that a public execution was sometimes regarded as a highly 

diverting spectacle well worth some effort to bring it about, the 

testimony supporting the claims of Aymar, as repeated to us, combined even with the reported confession of the accused, falls far short 

of establishing the merit claimed by Aymar, or even the guilt of the 

hunchback who was executed.

In 1701 the Inquisition issued a decree against the further use of 

the divining rod in criminal prosecution, and this use of the device 

rapidly came to an end.

SCIENTIFIC CONTROVERSIES.

LEBRUN AND OTHERS.

For about 80 years after the decree by the Inquisition abolishing 

its use for the detection of criminals the divining rod continued to be 

a fruitful subject for debate among ecclesiastical authorities, among 

whom was Pierre Lebrun, who in 1692 first suggested the theory of 

"prior intention," but in 1780 it was dropped and received no further 

official recognition by churchmen. But the time was then ripe for 

controversies along an altogether new line, namely, the attempt to 

explain water witching as an electrical phenomenon. About this 

time the study of electricity was making great progress, especially 

through the work of Volta and Galvani, and the demonstration by 

Galvani that amputated legs of frogs could be made to twitch under 

the influence of electrical stimuli was at once misinterpreted by advocates of the divining rod as giving a scientific basis for water witching.

THOUVENEL.

The controversies relating to electrical phenomena were begun by 

Pierre Thouvenel, a physician to Louis XVI, who interested himself 

in another peasant of Dauphiny, Barthelemy Bleton, who, like 

Jacques Aymar, had acquired notoriety as a "hydroscope."
SCIENTIFIC CONTROVERSIES. 19

Bleton was born at Bouvantes, in Dauphiny, in 1750, or possibly 

a few years earlier, was brought up by charity in a monastery, and 

became a herdsman. The first manifestation of "hydroscopic" 

faculties in Bleton is described in the following paragraph quoted 

from Barrett,1 who gives it as a translation from Thouvenel's correspondence dated at Dijon, April 14, 1781:

Bleton when 7 years of age had carried dinner to some workmen; he sat down on 

a stone, when a fever or faintness seized him; the workmen having brought him to 

their side, the faintness ceased; but each time he returned to the stone he suffered 

again. This was told to the Prior of the Chartreuse, who wished to-see it for himself. 

Being thus convinced of the fact, he had the ground under the stone dug up; there 

they found a spring, which, I am told, is still in use to turn a mill.

Thouvenel heard of Bleton and chose him as a fit subject on whom 

to test his notions of "animal magnetism," and as a result published 

an elaborate essay which he called "Me'moire physique et medicinal, 

montrant des rapports e*vidents entre les phenom&nes de la baguette 

divinatoire, du magne*tisme et de FelectriciteV' The following account 

by Raymond3 presents the principal facts in regard to Bleton's 

achievements in concise form:

In the first place, Bleton apparently did not profess to discover immaterial qualities or facts, but chiefly confined himself to the detection of running water. In the 

second place, he frankly avowed that the rod possessed no power in itself by virtue 

of its form or material, and that it was merely an index, outwardly exhibiting to the 

spectators his inward feeling. This feeling the doctor declared to be a tremor, attacking first the diaphragm and communicating itself through the body and hands to the 

rod. In the third place this tremor was found by Dr. Thouvenel to be weakened, 

though not destroyed, when Bleton was on a tree or ladder or another person's shoulder, instead of the ground, or when he tquched electrified substances; but the tremor 

and also the movement of the rod were completely stopped when Bleton was insur 

lated from the ground. Upon facts of this kind he based his electrical theory. 

I remark, by the way, that the observations and the theory of Mr. Latimer, in his 

recent work on the divining rod, already mentioned, recall in a striking manner the 

performances of Bleton and the theory of Thouvenel. Mr. Latimer claims to have 

made the new discovery that the effect of the divining rod is destroyed by insulating 

the practitioner, as, for instance, by placing him upon a platform supported by glass 

bottles. If he had known how thoroughly this claim had been examined and refuted, 

almost exactly 100 years ago, he would have had less faith in its novelty and value.

Thouvenel's book made no little sensation, and in 1782 Bleton was called to Paris, 

where a remarkable series of experimental tests were applied to him. A newspaper 

report of the day declares that in the presence of many thousands of spectators he 

followed a subterranean aqueduct in the garden of the Luxembourg for 15,000 yards 

without a mistake. The chief engineer of the waterworks is reported to have said 

that the trace was so accurate that if the maps of his office had been lost, Bleton's 

footsteps would have constituted a complete survey to replace them. It is just 

possible that the Journal de Paris was tempted to make a sensation of this case, and 

it is also quite possible that a keen observer might notice indications other than 

those of his own diaphragm, by which he could follow the line of buried pipes. 

A large number of experiments, more calmly reported, certainly do not sustain the

i Barrett, W. F., On the so-called divining rod: Soc. Psych. Res. Proc., vol. 15, p. 257,1900. 

a Raymond, R. W., The divining rod: Am. Inst. Min. Eng. Trans., vol. 11, pp. 431-433,1883.
20 THE DIVINING BOB.

enthusiasm of this account. It was found, for instance, that Bleton often passed 

over running water, when blindfolded, without noticing it; and that when taken 

several times over the same course he would not point out accurately each time the 

spots which he had previously marked. For example, of 16 points once indicated, 

he recognized with the rod on the second round but eigfit and missed the other eight. 

A single point to which he was repeatedly brought blindfold he indicated three 

times and missed three times. Of seven channels of running water which he was 

made to cross repeatedly, he indicated one once in four times, another once in four 

times, and another once in three times, while still another, which he crossed in two 

spots, affected his diaphragm at one crossing and not at all at the other. The insulation experiment was repeated by a physician at Paris. At a point where Bleton's 

rod was powerfully affected by alleged subterranean water, he was mounted upon a 

stool with glass legs, and immediately the rod ceased to be affected. "When the 

stool was removed, however, and he stood upon the ground, the rod resumed its 

sensitiveness. But Dr. Charles, who conducted this experiment, took occasion, 

while Bleton stood upon the stool, to bring the top, without his knowledge, into 

electrical communication with the earth by means of a good conductor, thus destroying the insulation completely, though the hydroscopist supposed it still to exist. 

Under these circumstances the rod remained inactive, and the destruction of insulation did not produce the slightest result. This was declared at the time to be a proof 

of Bleton's charlatanry; but, as we shall see hereafter, it is equally consistent with 

the hypothesis of unconscious mental and muscular action.

As a final test of Bleton's capacity as a hydroscopist, he was taken blindfold into the 

new church of Saint Genevieve, where there was known to be no water for 100 

feet below the floor, the vaults, foundations, etc., actually extending all that distance 

below. Here he professed to discover at numerous points large and small streams of 

water. Thouvenel subsequently asserted that his prote'ge' had been affected by currents of damp air circulating in the cellar, but this explanation was universally considered as a desperate attempt to maintain a theory already brought into discredit 

by experimental tests. Bleton, however, though he ceased to be seriously respected 

by impartial scientists, continued to receive much attention, and to do a thriving 

business, both in Paris and subsequently in the provinces. Here, however, he no 

longer worked blindfold or professed to see with his diaphragm. He proceeded 

like the ordinary water diviners, with open eyes, studying all the natural indications, 

and coming to his decisions with abundant leisure; and under the circumstances it, 

is beyond doubt that he rendered many valuable services to landed proprietors by 

successfully locating wells. In many cases, however, he failed entirely, and it is 

reported that even in those in which he succeeded, he was seldom right as to the depth 

at which water would be found or the quantity which would be obtained. It should 

be mentioned that in Dauphiny, where Bleton discovered a large number of springs, 

he was regarded with an esteem never given to Aymar and some other famous hydroscopists. In other words, the people who knew most about the art of discovering 

water pronounced Bleton to be a real expert, while they believed Aymar and Parangue 

to be more or less charlatans. A review of all the facts leaves little doubt that in 

Bleton's case there was an unusually large proportion of the skill of the prospector, 

combined with rather less than usual of the mysterious claims of the wizard.

At this time many diviners acquired notoriety, including Parangue 

and Pennet, of Dauphiny, and Campetti, of Italy, but their careers 

differed in no significant respect from that of Bleton. The feature 

of this time was the patronage of diviners by scientists and the 

attempt to apply hypotheses of animal magnetism and terrestrial 

electricity to the supposed operation of the divining rod.
SCIENTIFIC CONTROVEBSIES. 21 

CHEYRETTL AND FARADAY.

During the first half of the nineteenth century the phenomena of 

"table turning" was introduced, and became so popular that it was 

often employed in drawing-room entertainments. During this time 

also the so-called "magic pendulum/ 7 which had persisted from 

antiquity as a rather obscure divining instrument, was popularized 

and an elaborate system of electrical hypotheses was based on its 

conduct. The magic pendulum consists of a finger ring, watch, piece 

of metal, or any other suitable weight, attached to the end of a cord 

and suspended from the hand. In ancient times it was used to forecast events by suspending it over a disk on the margin of which were 

the letters of the alphabet, the pendulum being brought to rest and 

held steadily until it finally began to swing, thereby pointing out 

various letters which formed or suggested the words of a prophecy. 

It is said to be fairly common as a toy at the present time and is still 

occasionally used seriously by superstitious people in this country. 

At the beginning of the eighteenth century it was being used, like 

the divining rod, in attempts to locate well sites, for which purpose 

it is still used to some extent. In 1812, however, Michel Eugene 

Chevreul made an investigation of the subject and concluded that 

the whole phenomenon was a result of involuntary muscular movements hi the hand, induced by mental processes.

In 1854 Michael Faraday showed that table turning was due to 

involuntary muscular movements; and hi the same year Chevreul, 

as a member of a committee appointed by the Academy of Science 

to investigate the divining rod and the magic pendulum, wrote with 

regard to the divining rod:

It is evident to my eyes that the cause of the movement of the wand does not belong 

to the physical world, but to the moral world; I think that, in most of the cases in 

band, in which the wand is held by an honest man who has faith in it, the movement 

is the consequence of an act of the mind of that man.

The foundation of the science of psychology was being laid at 

this time, and psychical phenomena were just beginning to be 

recognized in a new light. In the conclusions of Faraday and 

Chevreul, therefore, may be recognized the first application of 

those new conceptions of mental processes. This theory was finally 

elaborated in an exhaustive treatment of the subject by Barrett.

(See pp. 22-23.)

LATIMER.

While all these investigations were being conducted in Europe the 

divining rod was enjoying a peaceful existence in the United States, 

forked twigs being used more or less in prospecting for water, oil, 

and other mineral deposits. But in 1875 Charles Latimer 1 read before

1 Latimer, Charles, The divining rod: virgula divina baculus divinatoribus, water witching, Cleveland, 

1876.
22 THE DIVINING ROD.

the Civil Engineers' Club of the Northwest an essay on "The divining 

rod," which was later published (1876) with additional notes, in 

which he undertook to prove that the operation of the rod depends 

on electrical currents transmitted from the ground through the body, 

inducing a magnetic field between the rod and the ground. He also 

explained a method by which he claimed to be able to determine 

the amount of water available and the depth at which it would be 

reached.

RAYMOND.

In 1883 R. W. Raymond * published his essay on "The divining 

rod," which contains a historical outline of the subject and a set of 

conclusions based especially on the works of Chevreul. It concludes 

with the following highly rhetorical epitaph on this venerable 

superstition:

To this, then, the rod of Moses, of Jacob, of Mercury, of Circe, of Valentin, of 

Beausoleil, of Vallemont, of Aymar, of Bleton, of Pennet, of Campetti even of Mr. 

Latimer has come at last. In itself it is nothing. Its claims to virtues derived from 

Deity, from Satan, from affinities and sympathies, from corpuscular effluvia, from 

electrical currents, from passive perturbatory qualities of organo-electric force are 

hopelessly collapsed and discarded. A whole library of learned rubbish about it 

which remains to us furnishes jargon for charlatans, marvelous tales for fools, and 

amusement for antiquarians; otherwise it is only fit to constitute part of Mr. Caxton's 

"History of human error." And the sphere of the divining rod has shrunk with its 

authority. In one department after another it has been found useless. Even in 

the one appli cation left to it with any show of reason it is nothing unless held in 

skillful hands, and whoever has the skill may dispense with the rod. It belongs, with 

"the magic pendulum" and "planchette," among the toys of children. Or, if it 

be worthy the attention of scientific students, it is the students of psychology and 

biology, not of geology and hydroscopy and the science of ore deposits, who can 

profitably consider it.

BARRETT.

In 1891 W. F. Barrett,2 professor of physics in the Royal College of 

Science for Ireland, in the interest of the Society for Psychical 

Research, undertook a very laborious investigation of water witching, or dowsing, as it is called in England, and later published his 

results in two large volumes.

Barrett concluded that the movement of the rod or forked twig is 

due to unconscious muscular action arising from subconscious and 

involuntary "suggestion" impressed on the mind of the dowser, and 

that this subconscious suggestion may be merely an autosuggestion 

or a suggestion derived through the senses from the environment, 

but that in a certain number of cases it appears to be due to a subconscious perceptive power commonly called clairvoyance. His conclu1 Raymond, R. W., The divining rod: Am. Inst. Min. Eng. Trans., vol. 11, pp. 411-446, 1883. Published also in U. S. Geol. Survey Mineral Resources, 1882, pp. 610-626,1883.

a Barrett, W. F., On the so-called divining rod or Virgula divina: Soc. Psych. Res. Proc., vols. 13 and 

15,1897,1901.
MECHANICAL WATER FINDERS. 23

sions were therefore in a sense favorable to water witching, although 

completely refuting all claims that there is any physical relation 

between the underground water and the forked twig or its manipulator, and definitely relegating the subject wholly to the obscure realm 

of occultism with other varieties of fortune telling.

MAGER.

In all its weird history no more extravagant and absurd claims were 

ever made for the divining rod than those which are maintained at 

the present time by Henri Mager. (See p. 8.) Mager is an enthusiastic champion of divining rods, magic pendulums, and his own 

mechanical device for locating water and ores. His hypotheses are 

presented in his three elaborate volumes "Les moyens de de"couvrir 

les eaux souterraines et de les utiliser," 1912; "Les sourciers et leurs 

proce'de's," 1913; and "Les influencesdes corps mine'raux," 1913 and 

in his pamphlet "A new method for the study of mining fields and for 

finding ore embedded in deep ground, "1914. At almost every step in 

the ad vance of science and philosophy some one h as attempted to explain 

the supposed operation of the divining rod by means of the latest 

scientific theories, and Mager's work is in accord with precedent. 

His claims are built on dicta or speculations in which use is made of 

the terminology of students of radioactivity and electromagnetism.

RECENT INVESTIGATIONS.

It remains to be stated that there are several societies in Germany 

whose sole object is said to be the study of the divining rod, and 

that a subcommittee of the commission of scientific studies in the 

bureau of waters and forests of the department of agriculture of 

France was appointed in 1910 to investigate the subject and in 1914 

was still investigating.

MECHANICAL WATER FINDERS.

About 1640 Baroness Beausoleil, in "The restitution of Pluto" (see 

p. 16), listed, among means of discovering mines and springs, the use 

of 16 "scientific instruments." This is the earliest reference to such 

instruments that has been discovered in the preparation of this report, 

and it is a matter of considerable interest that even at this early date 

a single prospector should manifest so wide an acquaintance with 

devices for finding water and ore. It is certain that Beausoleil's 16 

were the forerunners of a prolific race. At least 24 patents of this 

nature are now on'file in the United States Patent Office, but this is no 

index to the number which have been rejected and which have never 

been offered for patent in this country, not to mention foreign inventions.

»See Joly, J., Radioactivity and geology, 1909, and Bauer, L. A., The physical theory of the earth's 

magnetic and electrical phenomena: Terrestrial magnetism and atmospheric electricity, vols. 15 and 16, 

1910,1911.
24 THE DIVINING EOD.

Most of the present devices are magnetic or electrical instruments, 

which, taken together, cover almost every application of magnetism 

and electricity. They range from ordinary dip needles to telephones 

and devices using wireless waves. Among the most widely advertised 

instruments of this kind are W. Mansfield's "Patent automatic water 

and oil finders," Henri Mager's "Indicator of current ground water," 

and Adolf Schmids's "Device for detecting subterranean waters." 

Mansfield's instrument was denied a patent in the United States on 

the ground that it was anticipated by the patent of Adolf Schmids. 

Mager's instrument, which is described in all his publications (see 

p. 23), is admitted by him to be only a modification of Schmids's 

device.

In the letters patent 1 of the Schmids device it is stated that the 

apparatus will " indicate certain atmospheric changes, the nature and 

cause of which are not yet understood but which manifest themselves 

in a peculiar way in the neighborhood of the source and course of subterranean waters by rapid oscillations of the pointer of the device."

The instrument is described as a hollow glass cylinder having an 

axis around which is spirally wound a soft-iron wire in layers that are 

separated from one another by paraffined paper, and at intervals 

by layers of tin foil. The outside layer of the spool is covered with 

paper. The wire of this spool forms an open circuit. The end of the 

spool is covered with a glass dial plate having at its center a pivot 

on which a pointer or needle oscillates.

It is claimed that when the instrument is in the vicinity of a source 

or a stream of subterranean water the needle will after a time oscillate 

rapidly.

In the literature advertising its "automatic water and oil finders," 

circulated by the Mansfield Co., of Liverpool, England, the following 

claims are made:

The principle on which the instrument works is the indicating of the presence of 

currents which flow between earth and atmosphere, and which seeking the path of 

greatest conductivity, are always strongest in the vicinity of subterranean water 

courses, the waters of which are charged with electricity to a certain degree. In taking 

observations, wooden pegs are placed at intervals of 20 paces in a direction usually 

southeast to northwest. The instrument is tried over each of these pegs in turn, and 

should the needle move on any one of them, tests are made all round it, and the spot 

where the greatest movement of the needle is obtained is where the boring should be 

made. If the needle does not move subterranean water does not exist under the spot 

where the instrument is fixed. * * * The instrument indicates water courses 

flowing underground in a natural state and not water pipes or sources that have sprung 

up to daylight.

Systematic magnetic observations have been made for about 70 

years, and a complete magnetic survey of the earth, under the direction of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, has been in progress

i Patent No. 841188, Jan. 15,1907.
MECHANICAL WATER FINDEBS. 25

for a number of years, but this survey has not yet disclosed the existence of local earth-air currents on which to base a method of utilizing 

such currents in determining underground conditions. In view of 

this lack of knowledge any invention based on the assumption that 

such currents exist, as, for example, the Schmid patent, is subject to 

the general criticism that it is unsound in principle, or at least that, 

like the divining rod, it can be subjected to no conclusive scientific 

test. The practical use of such instruments, moreover, seems to be 

incompatible with the known instability of the magnetic and electric 

state of the earth and the atmosphere, in which disturbances of greater 

or less degree are constantly taking place. Investigations 1 have 

shown that magnetic disturbance is nearly continuous; that an 

entirely undisturbed day is abnormal. Some magnetic disturbances 

are local; others affect the whole earth simultaneously.2 Bauer 3 

writes:

The magnetic disturbances experienced by the earth are generally of a very complicated nature and reach at times startling magnitudes. Thus during the most 

remarkable magnetic storm of which there is any record the one of September 25, 

1909 the compass needle in the vicinity of the city of Washington suffered a change 

of 5 degrees in the short space of a quarter of an hour and the force acting on it passed 

through a change during the same period amounting to 10 per cent of its full 

value. * * *

I confidently expect, as soon as a complete analysis has been made of magnetic 

disturbances covering the greater portion of the earth, it will be found that * * * 

the disturbances will themselves reveal effects from terrestrial, continental, regional, 

and even local causes (earth currents, for example, whose path and intensity depend 

upon local character of soil, etc.). 4

Since the earth's magnetic state is known to be of a very heterogeneous character, 

requiring an .exceedingly complicated mathematical expression for even a very 

approximate representation, it may be confidently expected that any magnetic change 

or disturbance, from whatever source it may come and of however simple a type it 

may originally be, by the time it has entered the earth's field and has impressed itself 

upon our magnetic instruments, will have been converted into an equally complex 

type to that of the earth's magnetism itself. 5

Further study of this subject tends merely to strengthen the belief 

that magnetic disturbances may be due to causes so many and various 

that no confidence can reasonably be placed in any claim that the 

oscillations of a magnetic needle indicate the occurrence of available 

ground water, much less .the depth at which water can be reached or 

the quantity that can be obtained; and it confirms the opinion that; 

in the present state of knowledge, any such claim is purely speculative.

i Bauer, L. A., Analysis of the magnetic disturbance of Jan. 26,1903, and general considerations regarding 

magnetic changes: Terrestrial magnetism and atmospheric electricity, vol. 15, pp. 22,24, and 25,1910.

s Schuster, Arthur, The diurnal variation of terrestrial magnetism: Roy. Soc. London Philos. Trans., 

SOT. A, vol. 208, pp. 184-185,1908.

s Bauer, L. A., The physical theory of the earth's magnetic and electric phenomena: Terrestrial magnet* 

ism and atmospheric electricity, vol. 15, p. Ill, 1910.

* Op. cit. (Analysis, etc.), p. 25.

«Idem, p. 22.
26 THE DIVINING BOD.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF "WATER WITCHING."

In compiling this bibliography the author has used the earlier bibliographies of Birot and Roux (Hydroscopie et rabdomancie: Soc. 

agr., sci. ind. de Lyon Annales, 1912) and Klinckowstroem (Bibliographie der Wunschelrute, Munich, 1911). So far as possible the 

books cited have been examined at the Library of Congress and the 

citations verified.

15 . MELANCHTHON, PHILIPPE, Discours sax la sympathie [Discourse on sympathy 

(="sympathetic affinity")].

1532. BEENHAEDUS, R. P., Vera atque brevis descriptio virgulae mercurialis, etc. 

[True yet brief description of the wand of Mercury, etc.], Prag.

1556. AGEICOLA, GEOEGIUS, De re metallica [On metals], book 12, Isted.; another 

ed., Bale, 1557. Translated into English by H. C. Hoover and L. H. Hoover, 

and published for the translators by the Mining Magazine, London, in 1912.

1569. BESSON, JACQUES, L'art et science de trouver les eaux et fontaines cache"es 

sous terre [The art and science of finding water and fountains hidden under 

ground].

1569. POETA, Jo. BAPTISTA, Magiae naturalis sive de miraculis rerum [Natural magic].

1573-1609. KECKERMANN, Systemata physica [Systematic physics], book 1, ch. 8.

1580. BODIN, J., La de"monomanie des sorciers, ou le ne"au des demons et des sorciers 

[The demonomania of sorcerers, or the plague of demons and sorcerers], book 

1, ch. 5; 1st ed.

1584. PEUCEE, GASPAE, Les devins [The diviners], book 13, ch. 10, pp. 145-146,, 

Anvers.

1588. BELON, PIEEEE, Les observations de plusieurs singularitez et choses memorabies [Observations on many singular and remarkable things], book 1, ch. 50r 

p. 102.

1608. EGLIN, RAPHAEL. See Percis, Heliophilus.

1608. PEECIS, HELIOPHILUS A (Eglin, Raphael), Disquisitio de Helia artista, in qua 

de metallorum transformatione, adversus Hagelii et Pererii Jesuitarum 

opiniones, evidenter et solide dissertur [Treatise on the Helian art, in which, 

the transformation of metals, contrary to the views of Hagelius and Pererius, 

the Jesuits, is clearly and convincingly discussed], Marpurgi.

1617. LQHNEYSS, GEOEG E., Bericht vomBergkwerck, wie man dieselbenbauen und 

in guten Wolstandt bringen soil, sampt alien darzu gehorigen Arbeiten, 

Ordnung, und rechtlichen Process [Report on mines, how they are made and 

kept in good condition, together with all works, regulations, and laws pertaining thereto]. No place of publication (at the end: Zellerfeldt).

1618. LIGNAEIDUS, HERMANN, Oblectamenta academica, etc. [Academic amusements], Oppenhemii.

1618. MONTANUS, ELIAS, Bergwercksschatz * * * [A treasury of mining lore], 

Frankfort on the Main.

1618. ROBBETI, JOH., Goclenius Heautontimorumenos [Goclenius, the self-tormentor], 

Luxemburg.

1619. GUTMANN, A'GIDIUS, Offenbarung gottlicher Mayestat, etc. [Revelations of the 

Divine Majesty, etc.], Daschen.

1619. MAYBE, MICHEL, Verum inventum [The truth discovered], ch. 4, Frankfort.

1626. BASILIUS VALENTINUS [Benedictine monk], Novum testamentum [New testament], French translation, book 2, ch. 22-28.

1630. GALIEN, CLAUDE, La de"couverte des eaux mine'rales de Chateau-Thierry et de 

leurs propriety [The discovery of the mineral waters of Chateau-Thierry and 

their properties], Paris.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 27

1632. BERTEREATT, MARTINE DE [Baroness Beausoleil], Veritable declaration faite an 

Roy et a nos Seigneurs de son conseil des riches et inestimables tremors nouvellement descouverts dans le Royaume de France [True declaration made to 

the King and to our gentlemen of his Council concerning riches and inestimable treasures newly discovered in the kingdom of France]. No place of publication. r

1632. BERTEREAU, MARTINE DE [Baroness Beausoleil], Veritable declaration de la descouverte des mines et minieres de France, par le moyen desquelles sa Majeste" et ses subjects se peuvent passer de tous les pays estrangers; ensemble 

des proprie"tez d'aucunes sources et eaux mine'rales descouvertes depuis peu 

de temps a Chateau-Thierry. [True declaration of the discovery of mines and 

minerals of France, by means of which his Majesty and his subjects are able to 

surpass all foreign countries. Together with the properties of certain springs 

and mineral waters discovered a short time ago at Chateau-Thierry]. No 

place of publication.

1636. CAESIUS, BERNARD, Mineralogia [Mineralogy], book 1, ch. 7, sec. 4.

1636-1651. SCHWENTER, DANIEL, and GEORG PH. HARSDORFFER, Deliciae physicomathematicae * * * [Philosophical-mathematical recreations.] Nuremberg, 3 Bd., 6 Teil, 16 Frage.

1638. FLUDD, ROBERT (or FLUCTIBUS, ROBERT DE), Philosophia moysaica [The Mosaic 

philosophy], sec. 2, book 2, memb. 2, ch. 5, Gouda.

1639. PLATTES, GABRIEL, A discovery of subterranean treasure, viz, of all manner of 

mines and minerals, from the gold to the coale; with plain directions and 

rules for the finding of them in all kingdoms and countries. Also the art of 

melting, refining, and assaying of them is plainly declared, so that every 

ordinary man, that is indifferently capacious, may with small charge presently try the value of such oares as shall be found either by rule or by accident, etc., London. Another edition, Philadelphia, 1792.

1640. BERTEREAU, MARTINE DE, La restitution de Pluton. AMgr. I'&ninentissime 

Cardinal Due de Richelieu [The restitution of Pluto. To Mgr. the most eminent Cardinal Due de Richelieu].

1645. KIRCHER, ATHANASIUS, Magnes, sive de arte magnetica [The magnet, or concerning the magnetic art], book 3, part 5, ch. 3, Rome.

1645. MOLINAEUS, PETRUS (Pierre du Moulin), Physicorum seu scientiae naturalis 

libri novem [Nine books of physics or natural science], 197 pp., Amsterdam. 

See book 5, ch. 7, pp. 81-82.

1648. ALDROVANDUS, ULYSSES, Musaeum metallicum [Museum of metals], book 1, 

ch. 1, art. Metallorum inveniendorum ratio, Bonn.

1654. FRANCOIS, JEAN, La science des eaux, etc. [The science of water, etc.], Rennes 

and Paris.

1655. EICHHOLTZ, PETER, Geistliches Bergwerck, etc. [Spiritistic mining, etc.], 

Goslar.

1657-1659. SCHOTT, GASPAR, Magiae universalis naturae et artis, sive recondita 

naturalium et artificialium rerum scientia [The magic of nature and art, or 

occult science of natural and artificial things], 4 vols., Herbipoli.

1658. KLEIN, JACOBUS. See Sperling, Johann, et Jacobus Klein.

1658. SPERLING, JOHANN, et JACOBUS KLEIN, An virgula mercurialis agat ex occulta 

qualitate: disquisitio philosophica [Does the rod of Mercury act from occult 

power: a philosophical treatise], Wittenberg (about 1658).

1661. BEERN, P. C. See Liebentantz, Michael.

1661. BOYLE, ROBERT, Tentamina quaedam physiologica [Some physiologic experiments], London.

1661. LIEBENTANTZ, MICHAEL, et PHIL. CHRISTOPH BEERN, De magia baculoruir; 

dissertatio physico-philologica [The magic of wands, a physical philologio 

dissertation], Wittenberg.
28 THE DIVINING BOD.

1662. RATTEAY, SYLVESTER, Theatrum sympatheticum auctum, exhibens varies

authores * * * [A large "sympathetic" theater, exhibiting various

authors], Nuremberg. 

1665-1678. KIECHEE, ATHANASIUS, Mundus subterraneus, in XII libros digeatus

[The subterranean world, in 12 books], vol. 2, book 10, ch. 7, Amsterdam. 

1665-1667. GLANVIL, JOSEPH [Reply to Robert Boyle's article. See Boyle, Robert,

1661]: Philos. Trans., vol. 2, Nos. 28 and 39, in the Savoy (London).

1666. BUTSCHKY VON RUTINPELD, SAMUEL, Erweiterte und verbasserte HochDeutsche Kanzelley, etc. [Broadened and improved high German preaching 

(containing mention of the divining rod)], Breslau and Jena.

1667. PEAETOEIUS, JOHANN, Gazophylaci Gaudium. Das ist Ein Ausbund von 

Wiindschel-Ruthen oder sehr lustreiche und ergetzliche Historien von wunderseltzamen Erfindungen der Schatze, etc. [The joy of the treasurer that 

is, a pattern of divining rod or very pleasurable and entertaining history of 

most strange discoveries of treasures], Leipsic.

1669. KIECHMAIEE, THEODOE, et J. H. MAETIUS, Dissertatio physica de virgula 

divinatrice [Philosophic treatise on the divining rod], Wittenberg.

1669. PRAETOEIUS, JOHANN, Der Abentheuerliche Glucks-Topf * * * [The 

strange luck pot * * * ].

1671. WEBSTEE, JOHN, Metallographia: or, an history of metals. Wherein is declared 

the signs of ores and minerals both before and after digging, the causes and 

manner of their generations, their kinds, sorts, and differences; with the 

description of sundry new metals, or semimetals, and many other things 

pertaining to mineral knowledge, etc., London [pp. 104-110 on the divining rod, which the author condemns].

1671. WILLENIUS, MATTHAEUS, or WILLE, MATTHES, De salis origine * * * tractatus philosophicus [On the origin of salt, a philosophic treatise], Jena, 1671; 

new edition, 1684.

1673. SCHWIMMEE, JOHANN M., Tractatus physicus * * * [Treatise on philosophy], Jena. 4°. Diss. 8, pp. 129-134.

1674. ANHOEN, BAETHOLOM, Magiologia, Basel.

1674. DECHALES, CL.-FE. MILLET, Cursus seu mundus mathematicus [General course 

in mathematics], 4 vols., Lyons 1674. 2d ed., Lugduni, 1690. De fontibus 

et fluviis [Concerning springs and streams], vol. 3, tractatus 17.

1674. LE ROYEE, JACQUES, Trait^ du baston universel [Treatise on the universal 

rod], Rouen.

1674. SCHAUB, J. D., Dissertatio physica de virgula mercuriali, quam divina aspirante 

gratia, etc. [Philosophic treatise on the rod of mercury, which divine favor, 

etc.], Marpurgi Cattorum.

1675. FROMMANN, JOANNES CHEISTIAN, Tractatus de fascinatione novus et singularis 

[A new and remarkable treatise on enchantment], Nuremberg.

1676. SCHWIMMEE, M. J. M., Kurtzweiliger und physicalischer Zeitvertreiber 

* * * [Amusing and physical pastime * * * ], 2 parts, Jena (Theod. 

Fleischer). Part 1, pp. 219-230.

1677. PEAETOEIUS, JOHANN, Philologemata abstrusa de pollice; * * * [Hidden 

wisdom of the thumb], Sagani et Lipsiae.

1678. FEATTA ET MONTALBANO, March, MAECO ANTONIO DELLA, Pratica minerale. 

[Containing in chapter 2]: De segni per ritrovar le miniere [The signs for 

finding minerals], Bologna.

1678. LE ROYEE, JACQUES, Oeuvres de Messire. Contains, pp. 226-359, Trait6 des 

influences, etc. [Treatise on influences, etc.], Paris.

1679. BUTSCHKY VON RUTINPELD, SAMUEL, Wohl-Bebauter Rosen-Thal, etc. [Wellmade rose valley], Nuremberg. Contains, pp. 728-731, reference to the 

divining rod.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 29

1679 and 1684. SAINT-ROMAIN, G. B. DE, Physica sive scientia naturalis scholasticis 

tricis liberata [Physics or natural science freed from scholastic trivialities], 

Lugduni-Batav.

1680. MELTZEE VON WOLCKENSTEIN, CHBISTIAN, De Hermundurorum metallurgia 

argentaria * * * [On the silver metallurgy of the Hermunduri], Leipzig.

1681. LEBENWALDT, ADAM VON, Funfftes Tractatl, von dess Teuffels List und Betrug 

in der Berg-Ruethen und Berg-Spiegl [Fifth tract, on the devil's cunning 

and deceit in the mining rod and mining mirror], Saltzburg.

1682. HOHBEEG, WOLFFHELMH. VON, Georgica curiosa, Dasist umstandlicher Bericht 

und klarer Unterricht von dem adelichen Land- und Feld-Leben, etc. [that 

is, a detailed account and clear information concerning the nobility of 

country and peasant life], Nuremberg, 2 vols.; vol. 1, ch. 76, p. 76.

1684. SAINT-ROMAIN. See Saint-Romain, G. B. de, 1679.

1684. SCHULTZ, THOMAS JOHANN, Des Teuffels Bergwerck; vom Schatzgraben [The 

devil's mining; from the treasure diggings], Wittenberg.

1689. KIBCHMANN, M. C., Virtutem virgulae saliaris * * * [The power of the 

divining rod], Wittenberg.

1689-1702. SZENT-IVANY, MARTIN, Curiosiora et selectiora variarum scientiarum 

miscellanea * * * [Curious and select miscellanies of various sciences], 

3 vols. Tyrnaviae. See vol. 1, p. 179.

1691-1693. BEKKEE, BALTHASAE, DE betoverde Weereld, etc. [The bewitched 

world], Amsterdam.

1692. CHAUVIN, PIEEEE, Lettre & Mme. la marquise de Senozan, sur les moyens dont 

on s'est servi pour de'couvrirles complices d'un assassinat commis a Lyon, le 

5 juillet, 1692 [Letter to Madam la marquise de Senozan, on the means employed to discover the accomplices in an assassination committed at Lyons 

July 5, 1692], Lyons.

1692. GAENIEE, PIEEEE, Dissertation physique [Philosophic treatise, in the form of 

a letter to M. de SeVe, Sr. de Fle'cheres, in which it is proved that the extraordinary faculties by which Jacques Aymar, with a divining rod, followed 

murderers and robbers, discovered water and buried silver, reestablished 

landmarks, etc., depended on a very ordinary natural cause], Lyons.

1692. PANTHOT, JEAN-BAPTISTE, Lettre de M. Panthot, doien du College des m&iicins 

de Lyon, £crite & Messire Antoine Daquin, conseiller du Roy * * *, sur 

un assassinat des plus e'normes, commis & Lyon le 5 juillet 1692, et les moyens 

que Ton a pris pour d&ouvrir les autheurs [Letter of M. Panthot, dean of the 

college of medicine of Lyons, to M. Antoine Daquin, adviser to the King, in 

regard to a horrible murder committed at Lyons July 5, 1692, and the means 

employed for discovering the criminals], no place of publication or date 

(1692?).

1693. BEKKEE, BALTHASAE, Die bezauberte Welt, etc. [The bewitched world, etc.],

Amsterdam. 

1693. BUNTING, J. P., Sylva subterranea [Subterranean woodland, or the admirable

usefulness of subterranean coal beds, etc.], Halle. 

1693. CHATELAIN, Prof. (?), Dissertation physique, dans laquelle il est de'montre'

clairement que les .talens qu'on attribu? & rhomme & baguette * * *

sont tous talens supposez [Philosophic treatise, in which it is shown clearly

that the talents attributed to the diviner * * * are all imaginary],

Grenoble. 

1693. COMIEES, CLAUDE, La baguette justifie'e et ses effets demontrez naturels

[The divining rod justified and its action shown to be natural]: Mercure

galant, March. 

1693. COMIEES, CLAUDE, Reponse & Panonime [Reply to an anonymous article]:

Mercure galant, August.
30 THE DIVINING ROD. -

1693. GARNIBR, PIERKE, Hisfcoire de la baguette de Jacques Aymar pour faire toutes 

sortes de decouvertes [History of the divining rod of Jacques Aymar, for 

making all sorts of discoveries], Lyons.

1693. G., E. F., Lettre concernant la divinatioq par la baguette [Letter concerning 

divination by means of the divining rod], a Comiers: Mercure galant, March.

1693. LA GARDE, Abb6 de, Dissertation physique, dans laquelle il est de'montre' 

clairement que les talens qu'on attribue a 1'homme & baguette * * * 

sont tous talens supposes [Philosophical treatise, in which it is clearly shown 

that the faculties attributed to the diviner * * * are all imaginary], 

Grenoble.

1693. LEBRUN, PIERRE, .t/ettres qui ae"couvrent 1'illusion des philosophies sur la 

baguette, et qui dStruisent leurs systemes [Letters which expose the illusion of philosophers in regard to the divining rod and which destroy their 

systems]. Published anonymously, Paris, 1693; Amsterdam, 1696,

1693. LE LORRAIN, Abbe\ See Vallemont, Abbe" de, 1693.

1693. Lettre sur la physique occulte de la baguette divinatoire [Letter on the occult 

physics of the divining rod]: Mercure galant, April.

1693. NICOLAS, JEAN, of Grenoble, La verge de Jacob, ou 1'art de trouver les tremors, 

les sources, les limites, les meiaux, les mines, les mine"raux et autres choses 

cachets, par 1'usage du baton fourche* [The rod of Jacob, or the art of finding 

treasures, springs, boundaries, metals, mines, minerals, and other hidden 

things, by the use of the forked twig], Lyons.

1693. PANTHOT, JEAN-BAPTISTE, Trait6 de la baguette ou la recherche des ve>itables 

usages auxquels elle convient, etc. [Treatise on the divining rod, or tha 

investigation of genuine uses to which it is adapted, etc.], Lyons.

1693. RENAUD, ANDRE, Response aux objections * * * [Response to the objections * * *], Lyons.

1693. RENAUD, ANDRE, Critique sincere de plusieurs Merits sur la fameuse 

baguette * * * [Sincere criticism of many writings on the famous divining rod * * *], Lyons.

1693. VAGNY, DE, Histoire merveilleuse d'un macon qui, conduit par la baguette 

divinatoire, a suivi un meurtrier pendant quarante-cinque heures sur la 

terre et plus de trente heures sur 1'eau [Marvelous story of a mason who, 

led by a divining rod, followed a murderer for forty-five hours over land and 

for more than thirty hours over water], Grenoble, about 1693?

1693. VALLEMONT, Abb6 de (Pierre Le Lorrain), La physique occulte, ou Traite* de 

la baguette divinatoire [Occult philosophy, or treatise on the divining rod], 

many editions, Paris.

1693-94. TENTZEL, WILHELM E., Monatliche TJnterredungen einiger guten Freunde 

von allerhand Buchern und andern annehmlichen Geschichten * * * 

[Monthly conferences of some good friends of various books and other 

acceptable narratives * * * ], Leipzig.

1694. BUSSIERE, PAUL, Lettre a M. Pabbe" D. L. sur les veritables effets de la baguette 

de Jacques Aymar [Letter to M. the Abbe" D. L. on the true effects of 

Jacques Aymar's rod], Paris.

1694. LE CONTE, J. GEORG. See Zentgravius, D. J. J., and J. G. Le Conte, 1694.

1694. MENESTRIER, CL.-FR., La philosophic des images enigmatiques * * * [The 

philosophy of enigmatic appearances], Lyons.

1694. OZANAM, J., Recreations math^matiques et physiques * * * [Mathematical and philosophic diversions * * * ] [see problem 35: To determine the places in the earth where springs occur, and problem 36: To 

determine the places in the earth where minerals and treasures are hidden], 

2 vols., Paris.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 31

1694. VIOLET, P., Traite" en forme de lettre centre la nouvelle rhabdomancie ou la 

maniere nouvelle de deviner avec une baguette fourchiie. Bans lequel on 

refute tout ce qu'on a e"crit pour en justifier 1'usage [Treatise in the form of a 

letter opposing the new rhabdomancy or the new manner of divining with 

the forked twig, in which all that has been written to justify its adoption 

is refuted], Lyons.

1694. ZENTGRAVIUS-, DAN. JOH. JOACH., et JOH. GEORG LE CONTE, Exlegibus Ebraeorum forensibus contra magiam de divinationibus magicis: eaque occasione de 

virgula divina et divinatione nupera Jacobi Aymari, Delphinatis, sicariorum et furum investigandorum causa facta [The public laws of the Hebrews 

against magical diviaatJon, and the use of the divining rod in recent divination by (Jacques) Aymar of Delphinas [the diviner?] for the purpose of discovering assassins and thieves], Argentorati. *Pp. 22-28 on the divining rod.

1696. EABUS, PIETER, article in De Boekzaal van Europe, vol. 9, pp. 152-156, P. 

Rabus, publisher.

1697. BAYLE, PIERRE, Dictionnaire historique et critique [HistoricaL and critical 

dictionary], article "Abaris," vol. 4,;Rotterdam.

1697. ETTNER, JOH. CHR., Desgetreuen Eckharts unwiirdiger Doctor, in welchem wie 

ein Medicus, der rechtschaffen handeln will, beschaffen seyn soil, etc. 

[paper on the moral qualifications of a physician], Augsburg and Leipzig.

1697. LEDEL, SIGISM., De virgula metallica [Concerning the metallic wand]: Miscellanea curiosa sive Ephemer. medico-physic. Germanic. Acad. CaesaroLeopold. curiosorum, Frankfort and Leipzig.

1697-1722. STURM, J. C., Physica electiva sive hypothetica [Select or hypothetical 

physics], 2 vols. Nuremberg, see vol. 2.

1700. ROSSLER, B., Speculum metallurgiae politissimum * * * [Mirror of 

metallurgy], Dresden.

1700. TOLLIUS, J., Epistolae itinerariae * * * [Letters of travel], Amsterdam.

1700. ZEIDLER, JOHANN GOTTFRIED, Pantomysterium, oder das Neue vom Jahre in der 

Wiinschelruthe, als einem allgemeinen Werckzeuge menschlicher verborgenen 

Wissenschaft [Pantomysterium (all mystery), or news of the year concerning 

the divining rod as a universal tool of knowledge hidden from man], Hall 

in Magdeburg.

1702. LEBRUN, PIERRE, Histoire critique des pratiques superstitieuses, qui ont se"duit 

le peuple et embarass6 les s^avans. Avec la methode et les principes pour 

discerner les effets naturels d'avec ceux qui ne le sont pas, par un pr§tre de 

1'Oratoire [Critical history of superstitious practices which have seduced the 

people and embarrassed the learned, with the method of distinguishing natural 

powers from those which are not natural, by a priest of the Oratory], 3 parts. 

Rouen, 1701; parts 1 and 2 treat of the divining rod. Same work, 3 vols., 

Paris, 1732. Reprinted in Holland (3 vols.) in 1732 and (4 vols.) in 1736.

1703. BECCHER, JOACHIM, Physica subterranea [Subterranean physics], book 1, sect. 

7, No. 20, Leipsic.

1703. VAGEDES, HENR., Opera academica, quae seorsim antehac edita in unum 

corpus collegit * * * [Academic papers issued separately, now collected 

into one work], Frankfort and Leipzig.

1704. ALBINUS, THEOPHIL., Dasentlarvete Idolum der Wunschel-Ruthe [The exposed 

idolatry of the divining rod], Dresden. A dissertation against the rod, published with the approval of the faculty of Protestant theology of Leipzig.

1704. WEISE, J. M. See Albinus, Theophil.

1704-1714. VALENTINI, D. M.B., Museum museorum * * * [Museum of museums^ 

Frankfort on the Main.
32 THE DIVINING ROD.

1705. RIVINUS, QUINT. SEPT. FLOB., Enunciata iuris, ad ordinationem processus 

iudiciarii Saxonici electoralem collecta * * * [Pronouncements of law. 

Saxon judicial judgments collected by electoral order], Leipzig.

1706. ALBINUS, THEOPHILE, Kurtze Fortsetzung des entlarvten Idoli der WunsehelRuthe, etc. [Short treatise on the idolatry of the divining rod, etc.], Dresden,

1709. PFUNGST, OSKAB, Zur Psychologic der Wunschelruthe [On the psychology of 

the divining rod]: Deutsche Revue, 34th year, Stuttgart and Leipsic.

1712. VILBUSSIERE, Le Commandeur de, Discours du boiteux sur la baguette divinatoire * * * [Discourse of the lame man (Comiers?) on the divining rod

* * * ], Amsterdam. 

1716. ROHE, BEBNHABD VON, Compendieuse Haushaltungsbibliothek * * *

[Householder's abridged library], Leipzig. 

1719. FISCHEB, JOH. ANDE., Facultatis medicae in perantiqua electorali ad hieram

academia decanus et senior, D. Joh. Andreas Fischer * * * lectori

benevolo S. P. D. ipsique de complemento votorum suorum solicito virgulam

divinatoriam porrigit, Erfordiae. 

1719-1724. FLEMMING, HANNS FBIEDB. VON, Der vollkommene teutsche Jager, etc.

[The complete German hunter], Leipzig.

1725. SAINT-ANDRE, DE, Lettres de M. de St. Andre" [to a friend on the subject of 

magic, etc.], Paris.

1726. WALCH, J. G., Philosophisches Lexicon * * * [Philosophic lexicon

* * *], Leipzig.

1726-1740. FEYJOO, B. G. See Feyjoo, Benito-Geronymo, 1740.

1728. LOESCHEB, MARTIN GOTTHELF, Physica theoretica et experimentalis, etc. 

[Theoretic and experimental physics, etc.], Wittenberg.

1728. SCHMIDT, J. G., Die zu guter Stunde ausgeheckte curieuse Grillen * * * 

[The opportunity hatched, curious vagaries * * *], Chemnitz.

1731. LAVAUR, DE, Histoire de la fable conf6r6e avec 1'histoire sainte. Oil 1'on voit 

que les grandes fables, le culte et les mysteres du paganisme ne sont que des 

copies alte"re*es des histoires, des usages et des traditions des He*breux [The 

history of mythology compared with sacred history. In which it is seen that 

the great myths, worship, and the mysteries of paganism are merely modified 

imitations of the histories, customs, and traditions of the Hebrews], vol. 2, 

pp. 152-161, Amsterdam.

1733. LEBRUN, PIERRE, Superstitions anciennes et modernes, etc. [Ancient and 

modern superstitions, etc.], Amsterdam.

1734. WERNHEB, J. F., and F. F. RIVINUS, Dissertatio inauguralis de finibus per 

virgulam mercurialem non investigandis. Von Aufsuchung der Grentzen 

durch Wunsehel-Ruthen, [Inaugural essay on limits not to be investigated 

by the divining rod], Wittenberg.

1736-1742. WEGNEB, G. W., Schau-Platz vieler ungereimten Meynungen und Erzehlungen [Theater of many absurd opinions and reports], Berlin.

1737-1753. BELIDOR, BERNARD FOREST DE, Architecture hydraulique, etc. [Hydraulic architecture, etc.], 2 vols., Paris. Another edition in 4 vols. published in Paris in 1810.

1737. BRAUNER, J. J., Physicalisch- und historisch-erSrterte Curiositaten, etc. 

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1740. BLUHME, JOH. BARTH. See Dethardingius and Bluhme.

1740. BRUHIER D'ABLAINCOURT, J. J., Caprices d'imagination, ou lettres sur diffe'rens 

sujets d'histoire, etc. [Caprices of the imagination, or letters on different 

historical subjects, etc.], Paris.

1740. DETHARDINGIUS, GEORG, and J. B. BLUHME, Novam scrutationem negotii 

physico-magici per virgulam vacillantem detegendi occulta * * * [Anew 

examination of the physico-magical business of detecting hidden things by 

the divining rod], Hafniae.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 33

1740. PETJOO, BENITO-GERONYMO, Theatre critico universal, etc. [Universal forum for 

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1741. STOBK, JOHANN GOTTLIEB, De privilegio metallicorum commentatio [Commentary on the law of metals], pp. 36-37, Erfordiae.

1746. ZRUGEK, JOHANN GOTTLOB, Geschichte der Erde in den alleraltesten Zeiten 

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1747. KIBSSLINQ, JOHANN GOTTPRIED, Gegriindete Nachricht von dem Bergbau und 

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1751. COOKWORTHY, WILLIAM, Observations on the properties and use of the virgula 

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1756. EYSSVOGEL, FRIDBRICH GOTTLOB, Neu-eroffnetes Magazin * * *, vol. 1, 

ch. 38, Von etlichen Wasser-Kunsten. Wie man Wasserquellen suchen 

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1757. SCHUTZE, HBINRICH CARL, Vernunft- und schriftmassige Abhandlung von Aberglauben. * * * [Rational and scriptural treatment of superstition

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1757. WALLERIUS, J. G., et J. L. ROMAN, Kort Afhandling om Malmgangars Upsokande * * * [Short treatise on the investigation of ore deposits], Upsala. 

1763. FEUDIVIRUS, H. F., Gebrauch der Berg- und Wunschel-Ruthe, etc. [Use of

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1770. ALEMBERT, JEAN BAPTISTS LE ROND D ', and DENIS DIDEROT, Encyclopedic, ou 

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1772. Histoire veritable et merveilleuse d'une jeune anglaise * * * [The true

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1778. PRYCE, WILLIAM, Mineralogia Cornubiensis; a treatise on minerals, mines, and 

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1781. FORMEY, J. H. S., Baguette divinatoire [The divining rod]: Dictionnaire des 

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46874° WSP 416 17 3
34 THE DIVINING ROD.

1781. THOUVENEL, PIERRE, Me"moire physique et medicinal, montrant des rapports 

evidents entre les ph.enom.enes de la baguette divinatoire, du magnetisme 

animale et de 1'electricite" [Physical and medical memoir showing the evident relations between the phenomena of the divining rod and animal magnetism and electricity], Paris and London.

1782. ARCET, J. D' [etal.], Observations faites sur la vertu de Bleton de sen tirl'impression des eaux souterraines coulantes [Observations on the ability of Bleton 

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1782. GUILLOTIN. See Arcet, J. d', et al.

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1782. LALANDE, J. J. DE, Lettre sur la baguette divinatoire de Bleton [Letter on the 

divining rod of Bleton]: Journal des scavans.

1782. LORTHE, G. A. DE, L'art de fake tourner la baguette divinatoire [The art of 

causing the divining rod to turn], Paris.

1782. LORTHE, G. A. DE, Melanges d'opuscules mathe'matiques [Miscellany of short 

mathematical papers], Paris. New ed., 1785.

1782. MACQUER. See Arcet, J. d', et al.

1782. MITOUART. See Arcet, J. d', et al.

1782. POISSONIER. See Arcet, J. d', et al.

1782. THOUVENEL. See Arcet, J. d', et al.

1784-1791. DECREMPS, La magie blanche deVoile"e * * * avec des reflexions sur 

la baguette divinatoire, etc. [White magic exposed * * * with some 

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1784. LORTHE, G. A. DE, Melanges d'opuscules mathematiques. Lettre a. M. 

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1784. THOUVENEL, PIERRE, Second memoire physique et medical [Second physical 

and medical memoir], London and Paris.

1784. THOUVENEL, PIERRE, Extrait du journal des voyages et des experiences de 

Bleton [Extract from the journal of the journeys and experiments of Bleton]: 

Jour, de Paris.

1785. Decouverte des eaux d'Uriage par la baguette magique du sorcier Bleton [Discovery of the waters of Uriage by the magic wand of the sorcerer Bleton]: 

Jour, historique et politique de Geneve, Jan. 8.

1785. ROZIER, Abbe", Cours complet ou dictionnaire universel d'agriculture [Com 

plete course or universal dictionary of agriculture], Paris.

1785. STERZINGER, FERDINAND, Bemuhung den Aberglaube zu sttirzen [The effort 

to overthrow superstition], chap. 24, pp. 89-92, Munich.

1785. TREBRA, F. W. H. VON, Erfahrungen vom Innern der Gebirge, nach Beobachtungen gesammlet und herausgegeben [Knowledge of the interior of mountains based on observations gathered and published], Dessau and Leipzig.

1786. HALLE, J. S., Magie, oder die Zauberkrafte der Natur, so auf denNutzenunddieBelustigung angewandt worden [Magic, or the magic virtues of nature, as they 

were applied in practical use and in amusement], Berlin.

1786. NICOLAS, M., Memoires sur les maladies epidemiques qui ont regn6 dans la province de Dauphine* depuis 1'an 1780. Avec des observations sur les eaux 

minerales, sur 1'histoire naturelle de. cette province, et qiielques consultations de medicine [Memoires on the epidemic maladies which have prevailed 

in the province of Dauphine since the year 1780. With some observations 

®n the mineral waters, on the natural history of that province, and some 

medical advice], Grenoble.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 35

1790-91. ECKARTSHATTSEN, EARL YON, Aufschliisse zur Magie aus gepruften Erfahrungen tiber verborgene philosophische Wissensch.aften, etc. [Revelation of 

magic through proved experiences in occult philosophy], Munich.

1790. LTTCE, J. W. L., Bemerkungen und Muthmassungen uber die Wiinschelruthe, 

etc. [Observations and conjectures on the divining rod, etc.], Neuwied and 

Leipzig.

1790. REGNARD, JEANF., Oeuvres completes [Complete works], 6 vols., Paris, 1790. 

New ed., Paris, 1820. Vol. 6, pp. 73-98, contains " La baguette de Vulcain, 

Come'die."

1791. CANCRINUS. See Cancrinus, F. L., 1773.

1791. FISCHER, H. L., Das Buch vom Aberglauben [The book of superstitions], 

Leipzig.

1791. FORTIS, Abb£ A., Lettera del Abb£ Fortis al Sign. Abb£ Lazaro Spallanzani 

sugli sperimenti di Pennet [Letter from Abbe Fortis to Signer Abb4 Lazaro 

Spallanzani on the experiments of Pennet]: Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e 

guile arti, vol. 14, Milan.

1791. SPALLANZANI, Abbe1 LAZARO, Lettera del Sign. Abb£ Spallanzani al Sign. 

Abbe" Fortis [Letter from Spallanzani to Fortis concerning the experiments 

with Pennet]: Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti, vol. 14, Milan.

1791. FABRIONI, G. V. M., Vera vera verissima relazione dei fatti e detti della 

bacchetta divinatoria, del suo primo awento alia sua morte in Toscana 

[A strictly true account of the promises and performance of the divining 

rod from its first performance to its last in Tuscany], Florence.

1792. THOUVENEL, PIERRE, Re'sum£ sur les experiences d'e'lectrome'trie souterraine 

(Summary of the experiments on underground electrometry]: vol. 1, Milan; 

vol. 2, Brescia.

1793. AMORETTI, CARLO, Istoria breve [Brief history]. Lettera del Sign. Abb£ Carlo 

Amoretti al P. Prof. Francesco Soave su alcune sperienze electtriche [Letter 

from Signor Abbe Carlo Amoretti to P. Prof. Francesco Soave in regard to 

certain electrical experiments (concerning Pennet, the water finder)]: Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti, vol. 16, Milan.

1793. RAMANZINI, DIONIGI, Esperienze eseguite da Pennet in Verona nel mese di 

Giuglio, 1793 [Experiments performed by Pennet in Verona in the month of 

July, 1793], Verona.

1793. SPADONI, PAOLO, Lettera idroelettrica still' esperienze di un secondo Pennet 

(Petroselli) [Hydroelectric letter concerning the experiments of a second 

Pennet (Petroselli), Ancona.

1793. SPALLANZANI, Abb4 LAZARE, Lettera dell' Abbate Spallanzani" al Signor 

Thouvenel [Letter from Abb6 Spallanzani to Mr. Thouvenel]: Annali di 

chimica e storia naturale, etc., Pa via.

1793. THOUVENEL, PIERRE, Nouvelles pieces relatives a I'electricite" organique [New 

papers relative to organic electricity], Vicenza.

1795. LICHTENBERG, G. C., und J. H. VOIGT, Magazin fur das Neuste aus der Physik 

und Naturgeschichte, 10 vols., Gotha. See article 1, pp. 144-159.

1796. AMORETTI, CARLO, Su vari individui che hanno la facolta di sentire le sorgenti, 

, le miniere, etc. [Concerning various individuals who possess the faculty of 

sensing springs, minerals, etc.]: Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti, 

vol. 19, Milan.

1796. HALLE, J. S., Fortgesetzte Magie,. oder die Zauberkrafte der Natur, so auf den 

Nutzen und die Belustigung angewandt worden [Magic explained, or the 

magic virtues of nature as they were applied in practical use and in amusement], 8 vols., Berlin. See pp. 446-458.
36 THE DIVINING EOD.

1798. AMORETTI, CABLO, Ricerche storieo-fisiche sulla rabdomanzia, ossia sulla 

elettro-metria sotteranea [Historical-physical researches on rhabdomancy, or 

on subterranean electrometry]: Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti, 

vol. 20, Milan.

1798. WIEGLEB, J. 0., Die natiirliche Magie aus allerhand belustigenden und niitzlichen Kunststiicken bestehend [Natural magic existing in various amusing 

and useful tricks], Berlin and Stettin.

1800. Lettre de M. J. M. C. a M. de Salgues [editor of the Journal des spectacles, on 

the divining rod]. No place or date (about 1800).

1800. WENZEL, G. J., Dramatisirte Erzahlungen aus dem Gebiete des Wunderbaren 

* * * [Dramatized narratives from the realm of the wonderful * * * ], 

Leipzig.

1801. AMORETTI, CABLO, Ricerche storiche sulla rabdomanzia [Historical researches 

on rhabdomancy]: Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti, vol. 21, Milan.

1802. Foims, Abb£ ALBERT, Me"moires pour servir a Phistoire oaturelle et principalement a 1'oryctographie de 1'Italie et des pays adjacens [Memoirs on the 

natural history and oryctography of Italy and adjacent countries], 2 vols., 

Paris. See vol. 2, pp. 138-283.

1802. THOTJVENEL, PIERRE, La guerra di dieci anni [The 10-year war], Verona.

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Beobachtungen [Healing by means of animal magnetism according to personal observations], 3 vols., Lemgo, vol. 3, pt. 1, p. 283, 1805.

1803. ARNIM, L. A. VON, Neuere Beobachtungen uber sogenannte untererdische 

Elektrometrie [New observations on the so-called underground electrometry]: Annalen der Physik, vol. 13, Halle.

1804. AMORETTI, CARLO, [Miscellaneous letters on rhabdomancy]: Nuova scelta 

d'opuscoli interessanti sulle scienze e sulle arti, vol. 1, Milan.

1806. AMORETTI, CARLO, Dell' azione di varie sostanze sobra altre sostenute pendenti 

su di esse sperimenti del fu Alberto Fortis, etc. [Of the action of various substances supported above others, based on experiments made by the late 

Alberto Fortis]: Soc. ital. delle scienze Mem., vol. 13, Modena.

1806. FORTIS, Abbe" ALBERT, M^moire sur les pendules electrometres (Memoir on 

electrometer pendulums]: Soc. ital. sci. exactes Bull., vol. 13.

1806. THOTJVENEL, PIERRE, Melanges d'histoire naturelle, de physique et de chimie; 

me'moires sur Pae"rologie et 1'electrologie [Miscellanies of natural history, 

physics, and chemistry; memoirs on aerology and electrology], 3 vols., Paris. 

See vols. 2 and 3.

1807. ARETIN, C. F. VON, Beytrage zur litterarischen Geschichte der Wunschelruthe 

[Contributions to the literary history of the divining rod], Munich.

1807. PAOLI, P., Sperimenti col pendolo [Experiments with the pendulum]: Nuova 

scelta d'opuscoli interessanti sulle scienze e sulle arti, vol. 2, Milan.

1807. SCHELLING, F. W. J. VON, article in Allgemeine Litteratur-Zeitung, Jena.

1808. AMORETTI, CABLO, Delia rabdomanzia ossia elettrometria animale. Ricerche

fisiche e storiche [On rhabdomancy or animal electrometry. Physical and

historical researches], Milan. 

1808. EBEL, JOHANN GOTTFRIED, Uber den Bau der Erde in dem Alpen-Gebirge, etc.

[On the geologic structure of the Alps], 2 vols., Zurich. See vol. 2, p. 392. 

1808. GERBOIN, Dr., Recherches exp^rimentales sur un nouveau mode de 1'action

electrique [Experimental researches on a new mode of electrical action],

Strasburg. 

1808. GILBERT, L. W., Kritische Aufsatze fiber die in Munchen wieder emeuerten

Versuche mit- Schwefelkiespendeln und Wiinschelruthen [Critical essay on

the renewed experiments in Munich with magic pendulums and divining

rods], Halle.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 37

1808. HITTER, WILHELM, Der Siderismus [Magnetic treatment], Tubingen. 

1810. SALGITES, J. B., Des erreurs et pre'juge's re"pandus dans les diverses classes de la 

; soci^te" [Errors and prejudices peculiar to different classes of society],

3 vols., Paris. 5th ed., Brussels, 1847, vol. 1, pp. 81-90, Divining rod (by

Coudrier). 

1810. SEMENTINI, LTJIGI, Pensieri e sperimenti sulla bacchetta divinatoria [Thoughts

and experiments on the divining rod], Naples. 

1810. STEFFENS, HEINRICH, Geognostisch-geologische Aufsatze [Geologic treatises],

pp. 315-316, 319-320, Hamburg.

1810. ZOLLIKOFEE, Dr., Rhabdomantische Versuche [Rhabdomantic experiments]: 

Cotta's Morgenblatt fur gebildete Stande, 4th year, Tubingen.

1811. FLORKE, H. GUSTAV, Repertorium des Neuesten und Wissenswurdigsten aus 

der gesamten Naturkunde [Repertory of the newest and best tilings in natural science], Berlin.

1811. KLUGE, CARL A. F., Versuch einer Darstellung des animalischen Magnetismus als Heilmittel [Investigation of an exhibition of animal magnetism as 

a means of healing], Berlin. Divining rod, p. 296.

1814. PHILLIPS, W., article in Geol. Soc. London Trans., vol. 2.

1816. AMORETTI, CARLO, Elementi di elettrometria anhnale, etc. [Elements of animal 

electrometry], Milan.

1816. GINSBERG, FR., Rabdomantische Sensibilitat [Rhabdomantic sensibility]: 

Archiv der Medicin, Chirurgie und Pharmazie, 1st year, Aarau.

1818. OKEN, L., Isis, oder encyclopadische Zeitung [Isis, or encyclopedic newspaper], p. 140, Jena.

1818. ZSCHOKKE, HEINRICH, Uberlieferungen ziir Geschichte unserer Zeit [Contributions to the history of our time], 2d year, pp. 331-335, Aarau.

1819. Voss, LUDWIG VON, [On the divining rod]: Jahrbucher fur den Lebensmagnetismus, oder Neues Asklapieion, 2 vols., Berlin. See vol. 1, pp. 121,134.

'1819. WEISSE, J. FR., Erfahrungen iiber arzneiverstandige Somnambulen, nebst einigen Versuchen mit einer Wasserfuhlerin [Experiences with somnambulists 

skilled in medical science, together with some experiments with a water 

feeler], Berlin.

1820. CUVILLERS, ETIENNE FELIX, Baron D'HENIN DE, Le magne"tisme e'claire', ou 

introduction aux archives du magne'tisme animal [Magnetism explained, 

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1820. HUFELAND, C. W., articles in Journal der practischen Heilkunde, Berlin.

1821. D'OtJTREPONT, Prof., [On J. P. Brayer, diviner]: Zeitschrift fur psychische 

Arzte, Leipzig, pt. 1, pp. 94-109.

1821. PASSAVANT, JOH. CARL, Untersuchungen iiber den Lebensmagnetismus und 

das Hellsehen [Investigations of animal magnetism and clairvoyance], 

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1822. KIESER, D. G., System des Tellurismus, oder thierischen Magnetismus [System 

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on the divining rod and magic pendulum.

1825. COLLIN DE PLANCY [Abb£ MIGNE], Dictionnaire infernal, Baguette divinatoire 

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1826. LOCKHART, M., Rapport fait au nom de la section d'histoire naturelle BUT 

1'ouvrage de M. le comte de Tristan, intitul6 Recherches sur quelques 

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1826. TRISTAN, Comte J. DE, Recherches sur quelques effluves terrestres [Researches 

on some terrestrial emanations], Paris.
38 THE DIVINING BOD.

1827. FRORIEP, L. VON, Notlzen aus dem Gebiete der Natur- und Heilkunde, Erfurt.

See vol. 17, No. 1 (No. 353), pp. 1-9. 

1833. CHEVREUL, M. E., Lettre a M. Ampere sur une classe particuliere de mouvemens musculaires [Letter to Mr. Ampere on a certain class of muscular

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1835. GRIMM, JACOB, Deutsche Mythologie [German mythology], Gottingen. 2d ed.

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1836-1842. GORRES, JOSEPH VON, Die christliche Mystik [The Christian mystic], 4

vols., Regensburg and Landshut. See vol. 3, pp. 186, 208. 

1837. GILARDIN, ALPHONSE, Un proces & Lyon en 1692, ou Aymar, 1'homme & la

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Revue du Lyonnais, vol. 5, pp. 81-99. 

1840. MENESTEIEE, CL.-FE., Reflexions sur les indications de la baguette [Reflections

on the indications of the divining rod], Lyons, 1694; reprinted under the title

De la baguette divinatoire, at Avignon.

1843. GRASSE, JOH. G. TH., Bibliotheca magica et pneumatica [Library of magic and 

spiritism}, Leipzig.

1844. LOUBERT, J. B., Le magne"tisme et le somnambulisme devant les corps des 

savants, la cour de Rome et les the"ologiens [Magnetism and somnambulism 

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1845. YSABEAU, A.,Hydroscopie, L'Abb6 Paramelle [Hydroscopy, Abbe" Paramelle]: 

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1846. FORNARI. See Giraldo, M. de.

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astrologues, voyants, revenants, etc., depuis rantiquite" jusqu'a nos jours.

Revue et augmented par M. Fornari [Curious and picturesque history of

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1846. LATOUR, BENO!T, Le veritable assureur des re"coltes [The true guarantor of

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1847. DEGOUSEE, J., Guide du sondeur [Guide to the driller], Paris.

1848. CHEVALIER, Abbe" CASIMIR, La baguette divinatoire justified scientifiquement 

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1848. MEYER, CARL, Der Aberglaube des Mittelalters und der nachstfolgenden 

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1848. MIGNE, Abb6 [Jacques Albien Simon Collin, known as Collin de Plancy], 

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1849. La clef des sources ou 1'art de las de"couvrir [Tha ksy to springs or the art of 

discovering them], par UD ecele'siastique du dioce'sa d«3 Langres, Langres.

1849. MORTILLET, GABRIEL, Histoira de 1'hydroscopie et de la baguette divinatoire 

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1849. NORK, F., Die Sitten und Gebrauche der Deutschen und ihrer Nachbarvolker 

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1850-1852. SAINTE-TULLE, LAZARE DE, articles in L'e"rudition, vols. 1 and 2, Versailles.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 39

1851. COLQUHOUN, J. C., An history of magic, witchcraft, and animal magnetism, 2 

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1851. J^CQUET, Abbe", Solution du probleme concernant 1'origine et la d^couverte 

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1851. MAYO, HERBERT, On the truths contained in popular superstitions, with an 

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1851. Solutions de problemes concernant 1'origine et la decouverte des sources, ou 

entretiens d'un chevalier r6 velant a son fils la decouverte des principes hydroge"ologiques [Solution of problems concerning the origin and discovery of 

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1853. BERSOT, ERNEST, Mesmer et le magn^tisme animal [Mesmer and animal magnetism], Paris. See pp. 121-132.

1853. PHIPPEN, F., Narrative of practical experiments proving to demonstrate the 

discovery of water, coal, and minerals in the earth by means of the dowsing 

fork or divining rod, London.

1853. RIONDET, D'HYERES, La baguette divinatoire employee a la recherche des 

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1853. SCHMIDT, C. W., Zur Rhabdomantio, den Erscheinungen mit der Wunschelrute 

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Magikon, vol. 5, p. 106, Stuttgart.

1854. CARUS, C. G., Lebensmagnetismus-Magie [Vital magnetism magic]: Die Gegenwart, vol. 10, Berlin.

1854. CJEEVREUL, M. E., De la baguette divinatoire, du pendule dit explorateur, 

et des tables tournantes, au point de vue de 1'histoire, de la critique et de 

la me"thode Qxpe"rimentale [On the divining rod, the so-called exploring 

pendulum, and turning tables, from the point of view of history, criticism, 

and the experimental method], Paris.

1854. MOROGUES, BARON DE, Observations sur le fluide organo-electrique et sur les 

mouvements electrometriques des baguettes et des pendules [Observations 

on the organo-electric fluid and on the electrometric movements of divining 

rods and magic pendulums], Paris.

1854-55. REICHENBACH, KARL L. F. VON, Der sensitive Mensch und sein Verhalten 

zum Od [The sensitive man and his relation to od], 2 vols., Stuttgart.

1856. GOTTA, BERNHARD, Quellenkunde: Lehre von der Bildung und Auffindung 

der Quellen [Springs: Information on the formation and discovery of springs], 

as an introduction to L'art de d^couvrir les sources, by Abb6 Paramelle, 

Leipzig, 1856; Paris, 1859.

1856. DUMAS, J., La science des fontaines, ou moyen sur et facile de cre"er partout 

des sources d'eau potable [The science of springs, or sure and easy means of 

establishing everywhere springs of potable water], 1856; new ed., 1857, contains a chapter on the divining rod (pp. 251-256).

1856. GAETZSCHMANN, MORIZ FERDINAND, Die Auf- und Untersuchung von Lagerstatten nutzbarer Mineralien [The discovery and investigation of deposits 

of useful minerals], Freiberg. See pp. 293-308.

1856. PARAMELLE, Abbe", L'art de de"couvrir les sources [The art of finding springs], 

5 editions, from 1856 to 1907.

1857 EESIE, Comte de, Histoire et traite des sciences occultes * * * [History

and treatise 

pp. 159-177.

>n occult sciences * * *], 2 vols., Paris. See vol. 2, ch. 5,
40 THE DIVINING BOD.

1858. BIOT, J. B., Melanges scientifiques et litt&raires [Scientific and literary miscellany], 3 vols., Paris. See pp. 72-77 of the chapter on charlatanism in vol. 2.

1858. JACOB, P. L. [P. Lacroix], Curiosit&s des sciences occultes [Curiosities of 

the occult sciences], Paris. Baguette divinatoire (divining rod) under 

"Alchimie," on pp. 141-155 of edition of 1862.

1858. LACROIX, P. See Jacob, P. L.

1860. FIGUIER, Louis, Les mysteres de la science [The mysteries of science], 1860,

1860-61. FIGUIER, Louis, Histoire du merveilleux dans les temps modernes [History 

of the marvelous in modern times], 4 vols., Paris. See vol. 2, pp. 1-175.

1861. AMY, F., de Pennessieres (Jura), Voyages d'un hydroscope, ou 1'art de d£- 

couvrir les sources [Journeys of a hydroscope, or the art of discovering springs], 

Paris.

1861. JACQUET, Abb6, De Phydroge'ologie [On hydrology origin and discovery of 

springs], new ed., Lyons.

1861. RICHARD, Abb6 PIERRE, article in L'inde'pendant de Saintes, Mar. 14.

1862. DUPOUR, La baguette divinatoire [The divining rod]: Revue savoisienne, 3d 

year, p. 34, Annecy.

1862. DESCOSSE, DE FORCALQUIER, La d^couverte des sources et exploration des eaux 

souterraines [The discovery of springs and the exploration of underground 

waters], Marseilles. New ed., 1883.

1862. KRAUSE, ERNST. See Sterne, Carus.

1862. STERNE, CARUS (Ernst Krause), Die Wahrsagung aus den Bewegungen lebloser 

Korper unter dem Einflusse der menschlichen Hand [Divination by the 

movements of lifeless bodies under the influence of the human hand]r 

Weimar.

1863-64. BIZOUARD, Jos., Des rapports de 1'homme avec le d^mon [Some relations 

between man and the devil], 6 vols., Paris. See vols. 2 and 3.

1863. CARRI^, Abb6, L'hydroscopographie et m^talloscopographie, ou Fart de d^couvrir les sources et les gisements m&alliferes au moyen de I'e'lectro-magn^tisme 

[Hydroscopy and metalloscopy, or the art of discovering springs and metalliferous deposits by means of electromagnetism], Saintes.

1863. PERETTI, A., Delle serate del villagio [Evenings in the village], Ivree. No. 4» 

The divining rod.

1865. EMSMANN, H., Die Wiinschelrute [The divining rod]: Westerm. illustr. deutsch. 

Monatsh., vol. 18, Brunswick.

1866. BARING-GOULD, S., Curious myths of the Middle Ages, London. New impression, London, New York, etc., pp. 55-92, 1901.

1870. ROMAIN, Manuel du sondeur-puisatier-hydroscope [Manual for the driller, well 

borer, hydroscopist].

1873. FISKE, JOHN, Myths and myth-makers, Cambridge, Mass.

1873. NOGGERATH, JACOB, Beitrage zur Geschichte der Bergknappen [Contributions 

to the history of miners]: Zeitschr. Bergrecht, 14th year, Bonn.

1876. LATTMER, CHARLES, The divining rod: virgula divina baculus divinatoribus, 

water witching, Cleveland.

1876. N6GGERATH, JACOB, Die Berggeister und die Gliicks- oder Wiinschelruthe in 

alteren Zeiten besonders bei den Bergleuten [The mountain sprites and the 

divining rod in olden times, especially among miners]: Westermann's Jahrbuch, Braunschweig, pp. 182-188.

1876-1879. LAPORET, AUG., Le bfi.ton, e'tude historique et litteraire [The wand, a historical and literary study], 2 vols., Marseilles. See vol. 1, ch. 9, pp. 248- 

281.

1878. HASLINGER, CAMILLO, Das Quellensuchen [Springfinding]: Psychische Studien, 

5th year, November, pp. 483-486, Leipzig.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 41

1879. CLAVAIEOZ, M. P. (Le"on Favre), Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Psyichische Studien, 6th year, July, Leipzig.

1879. FJ(VRE, LEON. See Clavairoz, M. F.

1879. FONVIELLE, W. DE, Comment se font les miracles en-dehors de l'6glise [How 

miracles occur without the church], Paris, no date (about 1879). New edition 

under the title: Les saltimbanques de la science. Comment ils font les 

miracles [The humbugs of science. How miracles happen], Paris, no date.

1882. CAUDERAN, HIPPOLYTE, D6couverte des sources. Notice scientifique sur 1'abbe" 

Richard et 1'hydroscopie [Discovery of springs. Scientific note on Abbe" 

Richard and hydroscopy], Bordeaux.

1882. KO'HLER, G., article in Gliickauf, Schneeberg.

1882. LAFFINEUR, JULES, Hydraulique et hydrologie souterraine et superficielle, ou 

trait6 de la science des sources, de la creation des f ontaines, de la captation 

et de 1'ame'nagement des eaux pour tous les besoins agricoles et industriels 

[Hydraulics and underground and surficial hydrology, or a treatise on the 

science of springs, the formatioil of fountains, the acquisition and management of water supplies for all agricultural and industrial needs], Paris.

1883. HELLAND, A., Om jzfnskelvisten [On the divining rod]: Dagbladet, No. 151,

June 11, Christiania. 

1883. LANG, ANDREW, The divining rod: Cornhill Magazine, vol. 47, pp. 83-91,

London. 

1883. LOCHMANN, Prof,, discussion in Dagbladet, No. 153, June 13, Christiania.

1883. RAYMOND, R. W., The divining rod: Am. Inst. Min. Eng. Trans., vol. 11; and 

U. S. Geol. Survey Mineral Resources, 1882, pp. 610-626, 1883.

1884. LANG, ANDREW, Custom and myth, London. 2d ed., pp. 180-196,1885. 

1884. PEASE, EDW. R., The divining rod: Soc. Psychical Research Proc., vol. 2, pp. 

78-107, London.

1884. STINDE, JULIUS, Das Geheimnis der Wtinschelrute [The secret of the divining 

rod]: Schorers Familienblatt, 5 vols., pp. 649-650, 682-683, Berlin.

1885. JACOB, P. L. [P. Lacroix], Curiosite's des sciences occultes [Curiosities of the 

occult sciences], Paris.

1886. HAUSSEN, J. S. (K. Kiesewetter), Zur Geschichte der Bewegungsphanomene 

[On the history of motion phenomena]: Sphinx, vol. 2, pp. 115-129, Gera.

1886. MEUNIER, Mme. STANISLAS, Les sources [Springs]: Biblioth. des merveilles, 

No. 3, Paris.

1886. PEASE, EDW., Die Wiinschelrute [The divining rod]: Sphinx, vol. 2, pp. 69-78, 

Gera.

1886. ROCHAS, ALBERT DE, La polarite" vitale [Vital polarity]: Cosmos, new ser., 

Apr. 19, vol. 4, pp. 59-63.

1887. BONNEMERE [LIONEL], La baguette des sourciers vend^ens [The rod of Vendean 

sorcerers]: Soc. d'anthrop. Paris Bull., vol. 10, pp. 780-782.

.1890. KUHLENBECK, LUDWIG, Spaziergange eines Wahrheitssuchers ins Reich der 

Mystik [Walks of a truth seeker in the realm, of the mystic], Leipzig. See 

ch. 11, pp. 165-172.

1891. KIESEWETTER, CARL, Geschichte des neueren Occultismus [History of the new 

occultism], Leipzig. See pp. 512-539.

1892. SCHWARTZ, WILHELM, Die Wtinschelrute als Quellen- und Schatzsucher [The 

divining rod as a spring and treasure searcher]: Ver. Volkskunde Zeitschr., 

2d year, pp. 67-78, Berlin.

1893. BJERGE, PAUL. See Feilberg, H. F.

1893. FEILBERG, H. F|, Spastikken [The divining rod], in Aarbog for Dansk Kultur 

historie [Yearbook for Danish culture history], by Paul Bjerge, Aarhus.
42 THE DIVINING ROD.

1893. MULLINS, JOHN, The divining rod; its history, truthfulness, and practical

utility, Corsham, Wiltshire. 

1893. PREL, KARL DU, Die Wiinschelrute [The divining rod]: Die Zukunft, vol. 4,

pp. 215-225, Berlin.

1895. HAAS, H. J., Quellenkunde, Lehre von der Bildung und vom Vorkomnxen der 

Quellen und des Grundwassers [Springs. Information on the formation and 

occurrence of springs and ground water], pp. 184-196, Leipzig.

1896. OSTWALD, WILHELM, Elektrochemie, ihre Geschichte und Lehre [Electrochemistry, its history and doctrine], ch. 8, p. 230, Leipzig.

1897. BARRETT, W. P., The divining rod, Nature, vol. 56, pp. 568-569, London.

1897. CHALON, P., Sur la recherche des eaux souterraines [On the investigation o£ 

ground water]: Soc. ing&iieurs civils de France, Mem., vol. 2, pp. 38-39,, 

Paris.

1897. HOLMES, T. V., On the evidence for the efficacy of the diviner and his rod in th& 

search for water: Anthropol. Inst. of Great Britain and Ireland Jour., vol. 27,, 

pp. 233-259, London.

1897-1900. BARRETT, W. P., On the so-called divining rod or virgula divina: Soc.. 

Psychical Res. Proc. (London), vol. 13, 1897, and vol. 15, pp. 130-383, 1900.

1898. BONNIOT, CHANOINE V. DE, [letter on the discovery of water by means of themagic pendulum]: Revue du monde invisible, Oct. 15, p. 314.

1898. BROTHIER DE ROLLIERE. [See Gu£, P. du, and Brothier de Rolliere.

1898. GUE, P. DU, and BROTHIER DE ROLLIERE, [article on Thouvenel]: L'intermediaire des chercheurs et des curieux, vol. 37, pp. 226, 732-733, Paris.

1898-99. MORINAIS, G. DE LA, Les sourciers sont-ils sorciers? [Are the water witchea 

sorcerers?]: Revue du monde invisible, 1st year, No. 2, pp. 88-92, Paris.

1898. LBHMANN, ALFRED, Aberglaube und Zauberei von den altesten Zeiten an bis indie Gegenwart [Superstition and magic from the earliest times to the present], 

pp. 201-203, 375-377, 480, Stuttgart,.

1898. PARVILLE, HENRI DE, [two articles on water witching]: Le correspondant, Jan. 

10, pp. 170-178, and Feb. 10, pp. 585-590.

1898. TffRDivEL, J. B., La baguette divinatoire et les sourciers [The divining rod and 

the water witches]: Revue du monde invisible, Paris, Sept. 15, pp. 231-233.

1899. AUSCHER, E. S., L'art de d6couvrir les sources et de les capter [The art of discovering and developing underground waters]: Bibliotheque des connaissances utiles, vol. 49,1st ed., Paris. 2d ed., 1905.

1899. BEAVEN, E. W., Tales of the divining rod, London.

1899. PREL, KARL DU, Die Magie als Naturwissenschaft [Magic as a natural science], 

2 vols., Jena.

1899. VERNHES, Abb6 A., Les sourciers ne sont pas des sorciers [Water witches are not 

sorcerers]: Revue du monde invisible, July 15.

1900. ARDOUANE, paper in L'lntermediaire des chercheurs et des curieux, vol. 41, 

col. 451.

1900. BEAUCORPS, A. ET P. DE, Etude empirique, au moyen de la baguette, sur les 

origines souterraines de la riviere du Loiret. Projet de captation d'eau pour 

la ville de Paris. Historique de la baguette divinatoire, th^orie de son 

emploi, application au val de la Loire et aux sources du Loiret [Empirical 

study, by means of the divining rod, of the underground source of the river 

of the Loiret. Project for obtaining water for the city of Paris. History of. 

the divining rod, theory of its use, application to the valley of the Loire and 

to the springs of the Loiret], Orleans.

1900. GUE, P. DU, and BROTHIER DE ROLLIERE, articles in L'intermecliaire des. 

chercheurs et des curieux, vol. 42, pp. 162-163, 409-410, Paris.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 4&

1900. DELANNE, GABRIEL, D'ou vient le pouvoir des sourciers? [Whence comes the

ability of water witches?]: Jour, du magn^tisme et de la psychologic, 55th.

year, Paris. 

1900. DURVILLE, H. (director Soc. magnetique en France), Jour, du magn^tisme et de=

la psychologie, No. 1, January, and following numbers. 

1900. GATAKER, L., alias ISMALA, Un sourcier moderne [A modern water, witch]: Jour_

du magn^tisme et de la psychologie, No. 6, June, Paris. 

1900. ISMALA. See Gataker, L. 

1900. COUSSIERE, LA, article in L'interm&Iiaire des chercheurs et des curieux, 36th.

year, vol. 41, col. 283, Paris.

1900. MARTELLIERE, [On the divining rod]: L'interme'diaire des chercheurs et des. 

curieux, 36th year, vol. 41, col. 305, Paris.

1901. GAST, A., Un sourcier [A water witch]: Moniteur des Etudes psychiques, 25tk 

year, No. 3, Feb. 5, Paris.

1901. SAINT-CLOUD, P., Un homme Strange [A strange man]: Moniteur des etudes 

psychiques, 25th year, Paris.

1902. BATTANDIER, A., Sur la baguette divinatoire [On the divining rod]: Cosmos,.

May; Revue du monde invisible, Nov. 15. 

1902. LEFEBRE, A., article in Cosmos, June 14, Paris.

1902. URBAN, MICHAEL, Wunschelruthe, Wunschspiegel und Zauberwurzeln [Divining; 

rod, magic mirror, and magic roots]: Mittheil. Nordbohm. Excursions-Clubs,, 

pp. 350-357, Leipa.

1903. BEYSCHLAG, F., Aus dem wissenschaftlichen Leben * * * der Wiinschelrute 

[From the scientific life * * * the divining rod]: Naturwiss. Wochenschr.,. 

vol. 18, pp. 321-322, Apr. 5.

1903. BJOURCARD, 1.1., Zur Frage der Wunschelruthe [On the question of the diviningrod]: Psychische Studien, 30th year, pp. 212-213, Leipzig.

1903. BtJLOw-BoTHKAfnp, CAI VON, [Personal experiments in rhabdomancy]: Prometheus, 14th yeW, No. 687, pp. 173-174, Berlin. Partisan.

1903. DARAPSKY, L., Altes und Neues von der Wiinschelrute [Old and new ideas 

on the divining rod], Leipzig.

1903-4. DIENERT, F., Contribution a 1'etude des courante souterrains au moyen de> 

la bouseole et des courants electro-magnetiques [Contribution to the study of 

underground currents by means of the compass and electro-magnetic currents]: Soc. beige de la geologic et d'hydrologie M6m.

1903. FALKENHORST, C., Alte und moderne Wiinschelrutenforscher [Ancient and 

modern divining-rod investigators]: Die Gartenlaube, Leipzig.

1903. FAUCHON, Dr., Rapport surle m^moire qui precede Les fluides bacillogirea 

Studies au moyen de la furcelle par de Comte de Tristan [Report on the 

preceding memoir. The bacillogic fluids studied by means of the forked stick 

by Count Tristan]: Soc. agr., sci., belles lettres et arts d'Orl^ans M6m., vol. 

3, pp. 322-336.

1903. GRASSET, Dr., L'hypnotisme et la suggestion [Hypnotism and suggestion].

1903. GAGEL, C., Das Grundwasser [Ground water]: Naturwiss. Wochenschr., No. 30^ 

Apr. 26.

1903. GAGEL, C., Der "Nutzen" der Wiinschelrute [The "use" of the divining rod]: 

Prometheus, No. 69, pp. 353-356, Berlin.

1903. HiRscHFELDj LtiDWiGj Internationale Mineralquellen-Zeitung, Vienna.

1903. KEILHACK, K., article in Naturwiss. Wochenschr., No. 27, vol. 18, pp. 321-322, 

Apr. 5, Jena.

1903. KNIEPF, A., Zuni Problem der Wiinschelrute [On the divining-rod problem]: 

Psychische Studien, 30th year, pp. 82-89,Leipzig.
44 THE DIVINING ROD.

1903. LANGE, G. A., article in Die iibersinnliche Welt, llth year, p. 107, Berlin. 

1903. LEPPLA, A., article in Naturwiss. Wochenschr., 18th year, pp. 321-322, Jena. 

1903. NAGEL, L., article in Die iibersinnliche Welt, llth year, pp. 107, 192, 435,

Berlin. 

1903. RICHTER, EMIL, Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Sachsische Volkskunde

Mitteil., Dresden. 

1903. SOKELAND, HEEMANN, Die Wiinschelrute [The divining rod]: Ver. Volkskunde

Zeitschr., 13th year, pt. 2, pp. 34-43, Berlin. 

1903. Sourciers * * * sorciers? Peut-on voir 1'eau sous terre? [Water witches

* * * sorcerers? Can one see water under the ground?]: Les lectures

pour tous, 5th year, August. 

1903. SURBLED, GEORGES, Le secret des sourciers [The secret of water witches], Paris,

1st ed., 1903; 2d ed., 1908. 

1903. TRISTAN, Comte J. de, Les fluides bacillogires e'tudie's au moyen de la furcelle

[Bacillogic fluids studied by means of the furcelle]: Soc. d'agr., sci., belles

lettres et arts d'Orle'ans M6m., vol. 3, pp. 280-336, Orleans.

1903. UHL, G., Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Daheim, Berlin, Sept. 12, 

pp. 18-21.

1904. CHABRAND, ERNEST, La baguette divinatoire et les sourciers. Les ph<momenes 

de la baguette. Le Bletonisme. Les faits et les theories [The divining 

rod and diviners. The phenomena of the divining rod. Bletonism. Facts 

and theories]: Soc. dauphin, d'ethnol. etd'anthropol. Bull., vol.2,Grenoble.

1904. GRASSET, Dr., Le spiritisme devant la science [Spiritualismin the presence of 

science]: Montpellier and Paris.

1904. HENNIG, RICH ., Wunder und Wissenschaft; eine Kritik und Erklarung der okkulten Phanomene [Wonder and science; a criticism and elucidation of occult 

phenomena], Hamburg.

1904. KLAPPER, J., Beschworungsformeln bei Gewinnung der Wiinschelrute [Formulae of exorcism for use in obtaining the divining rod]: Schlesischen Gesell. 

Volkskunde Mitteil., vol. 6, pt. 14, pp. 51-58, Breslau.

1904. PABST, CAMILLE, Recherche et captage des eaux souterraines [The investigation 

and acquisition of ground waters]: L'agriculture moderne, supplement 

agricole du Petit journal, 9th year, Paris.

1904. POETTERS, KARL, Die Wunschelruthe [The divining rod]: Brandeburgia, 12th 

year, Berlin.

1905. DIEPENBACH, M., article in Die Umschau, No. 37, p. 740.

1905-6. EHLERT, H., article in Technisches Gemeindeblatt, No. 19, p. 296, Berlin.

1905. EHLERT, H., Zur Wunschelruthenfrage [On the divining-rod question]: Zentralbl. Bauverwaltung, Nos. 103 and 104, Berlin. 

1905. FRANZIUS, G., Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Deutsche KlempnerZeitung, 25th year, Berlin, and Zentralbl. Bauverwaltung, 25th year, No. 74,

pp. 461-462, Berlin.

1905. GRASSET, Dr., article in Revue des deux-mondes, Mar. 15. 

1905. HEIM, A., Das Quellenfinden mit der Wunschelrute [Spring finding with the

divining rod]: Zeitschr. Bayer. Rev., 9th year, Munich. In 1907 Mr. Heim

called a conference of the Society of Sciences of Zurich to discuss rhabdomancy. 

1905. HILDEBRANDT, GoTTHOLD, Zum Problem der Wiinschelrute [On the problem

of the divining rod]: Das Echo, 24th year, June 22, pp. 1971-1974, Berlin. 

1905. SCHMIDT, E., article in Deutsche Welt, 8th year, Nov. 5, Berlin. 

1905. WEBER, L., Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod], Kiel and Leipsic.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 45

1906. AEUDY, L. D', La baguette magique [The magic wand]: L'e"cho du merveilleux, No. 236, pp. 412-413, Paris.

1906. BA^IE, H., Uber die wahrscheinliche Moglichkeit der Aufsuchung von nutzbaren Erzlagerstatten mittelst einer photographischen Aufnahme ihrer elektrischen Ausstrahlung [On the apparent possibility of discovering useful ore 

deposits by photographing their electric emanations], Prague.

1906-7. BEEGEE, Die Wiinschelrute und zur Wiinschelrutenfrage [The divining rod 

and on the divining-rod question]: Der Kulturtechniker, 9th and 10th years, 

Breslau.

1906. BIEK, A., articles in Neue Freie Presse, Aug. 30, Vienna.

1906. DESSOIB, MAX, Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Die Woche, No. 38, pp. 

1637-1639, Berlin.

1906. DKYVEE, F. W., Mozaiiek allerlei op het gebied van geschiedenis, volkseigenaardigheded, etc. [Miscellaneous gleanings in history, popular customs, etc.], Groningen.

1906. EHLEBT, H., Wider die Wunschelrute [Against the divining rod]: Schillings 

Jour. Gasbeleuchtung und Wasserversorgung, 49th year, pp. 71-75, 402-404, 

Berlin.

1906. EKBSTEIN, A., Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Illustr. Zeitung, vol. 

120, Leipzig.

1906. FtJBSTENAU, R., Theorien und Experimente iiber die Wunschelrute [Theories 

and experiments on the divining rod]: Die Umschau, No. 38, Frankfurt, 1906; 

see also Technische Rundschau, Nos. 16 and 17, April, 1909.

1906. GESSMANN, G., article in Arena, No. 6, pp. 617-622, Berlin.

1906. GEASSET, Dr., Le psychisme inf6rieur [The inferior psychics], Paris.

1906. HEINEICHS, LUDW., Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Die Wahrheit, 40th 

year, pp. 727-734, Munich and Stuttgart.

1906. HOPPE, 0., Die Wunschelrute, der Franklin'sche Blitzableiter und die Antenne 

der drahtlosen Telegraphic in technisch-wissenschaftlichem Zusammenhange 

[The divining rod, the Franklin lightning rod, and the antennae of the wireless 

telegraph in technical relationship]: Naturwiss. Wochenschr., 21st year, pp. 

609-616, Jena.

1906. KNIEPP, ALBEET, Radioactivitat und Wiinschelruthe [Radioactivity and the 

divining rod]: Die Gegenwart, vol. 70, pp. 166-169, 182-184, Berlin.

1906. KULLMANN, HEINEICH, article in Schillings Jour. Gasbeleuchtung und Wasserversorgung, p. 75, Munich and Berlin.

1906. LA BAUME, W., Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Kosmos, 3d year, 

pp. 201-205, 311, Stuttgart.

1906. LENdTEE, G. articles in Le Monde illustr6, Mar. 31; La nature, Apr. 15; 

L'Echo du merveilleux, Apr. 15.

1906. MAIEE, P., Zur Erklarung der Wunschelrute [The explanation of the divining 

rod]: Psychische Studien, 33d year, pp. 550-554, Leipsic.

1906. MONTENAY DU MENHY, Comte de, Notes sur les sourciers [Notes on water 

jsntches]: L'4cho du merveilleux, Paris, Sept. 1.

1906. OHNSTEIN, ALBEET, Ein automatischer Quellenfinder [An automatic spring 

finder (the Schmid apparatus)]: Technische Rundschau, 12th year, No. 47, 

pp. 613-614.

1906. REGE, EUGENON VON, Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Der Deutsche, 

Sept. 29, Berlin.

1906. SIEGEET, A., Das Quellensuchen mit der Wunschelrute [Spring finding with 

the divining rod]: Zeitschr. Bayer. revis., 10th year, Munich.
46 THE DIVINING BOD.

1906. STOSS: P., [On the divining rod]: Die Ubersinnliche Welt, 14th year, pp. 4,

57, 93, Berlin, 

1906. TANCK, W., Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Die Heimat, 16th year,

Kiel. 

1906. VIGEN, CHARLES, L'Abbe1 Richard, hydroge"ologue: Etude sur sa vie et son

secret pour la de"couverte des sources. L'hydroscopie sensitive et la baguette

[The Abbe" Richard, hydrogeologist: Study of his life and his secret for

finding springs. Sensitive hydroscopy and the divining rod]: Revue de

Saintonge, La Rochelle. 

1906. VIGEN, CHARLES, La baguette divinatoire des sourciers [The divining rod of

the water witches]: La nature, pp. 101-103. 

1906. WARCOLIER, R., and BARRETT, W. F., [Experiments with the divining rod]:

Annales des sci. psychiques, 16th year, pp. 745-751, Paris. 

1906. WEISSENBERG, H., [Against the divining rod]: Die Umschau, No. 34, p. 680,

Frankfort on the Main. 

1906-7. WILLPORT, M., Das Wasserfinden mit der Wunschelrute [Water finding with

the divining rod]: Bautechniker, 26th and 27th years, Vienna.

1906. WOLPF, WILHELM, [Against the divining rod]: Schillings Jour. Gasbeleuchtung 

und Wasserversorgung, Munich and Berlin.

1907. BIANCO, F., article in Le Corriere della sera, Apr. 9. Discusses the divining

rod in Italy. 

1907. BLOM, V., Zur Theorie der Wiinschelrute [The theory of the divining rod]:

Prometheus, 18th year, pp. 129-134, Berlin. 

1907. DIENERT, FREDERIC, Hydrologie agricole [Agricultural hydrology]: Encyclope"die agricole, pp. 198-293, Paris. 

1907. FIEBELKORN, Dr., Empfiehlt sich fiir den Ziegeleibesitzer die Anwendung der

Wunschelrute zur Aufsuchung von Wasser auf seinem Grundstucke? [Is

the use of the divining rod suitable for finding water on a brickyard owner's

land?]: Deutsch. Ver. Ton-, Zement- und Kalkindustrie, Mitteil. Berlin. 

1907. FITZ, J., Od und die Wunschelrute [Od and the divining rod]: Organ des

"Verein der BohrtechnLker," 25th year, No. 9, pp. 103-106, Vienna; also

Ver. Osterr. Gesundheitstechniker Zeitschr., Vienna. 

1907. FLEISCHMANN, Dr. O., Elektrische Metallfunde [Electrical metal finding]: Der

Deutsche, June, pp. 409-411, Berlin. 

1907. FRANZIUS, G., Meine Beobachtungen mit der Wunschelrute [My observations

with the divining rod], Berlin. 

1907. FRIEDRICH, ALBRECHT, Zur Erklarung der Wunschelrute [On the explanation

of the divining rod]: Der Deutsche, August, pp. 582-584, Berlin. 

1907. GOCKEL, A., Grundwasser und atmospharisehe Elektrizitat. Ein Beitrag zur

Wiinschelrutenfrage [Ground water and atmospheric electricity. A contribution to the divining-rod question]: Natur und Offenbarung, vol. 53,

Munster. 

1907. GOTJPIL,- Discussion en Allemagne sur la baguette divinatoire employee a

d^couvrir les sources [Discussion in Germany on the divining rod employed

to discover springs]: Annales des ponts et chausse'es, 77th year, 8th ser.,

vol. 25, pp. 218-224, Paris. 

1907. HELBIG, Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Pharmazeut. Zentralhalle f.

Deutschland, 48th year, pp. 185-189, 226-230, Dresden. 

1907. HUSING, G., Urn die Wunschelrute [Concerning the divining rod], Dissen near

Osnabruck. 

J907. JAEGER, G., Nochmals die Wunschelrute [Once again the divining rod]: Prof.

Dr. G. Jaeger's Monatsblatt, 26th year, pp. 33-36, 49-53, 67-69, Stuttgart. 

1907. KNIEPF, A., Die Physik der Wunschelrute [The physics of the divining rod]:

Zentralbl. f. Okkultismus, 1st year, pp. 9-12, Leipsic.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 47

, 

1907. KOLLER-CAROW, VON, Das Fiasko der Wunschelrute [The failure of the- divining rod]: Zeitschr. fiir Spiritusindustrie, 30th year, No. 8, p. 77, Berlin.

1907. KONIO, F., Ernstes und Heiteres aus dem Zauberreiche der Wunschelrute 

[Serious and comical from the fairy realm of the divining rod], Leipzig.

1907. OHLSEN, 0., Die Wunschelrute in Italien [The divining rod in Italy]: Psychische Studien, 34th year, pp. 376-379, Leipzig.

1907. SCHOWALTER, A., Die Wunschelrute in Siidafrica [The divining rod in South 

Africa]: Der Deutsche, Berlin.

1907. TREBTJCQ, S., article in Jour, dumagn^tisme, vol. 33, 3e trimestre, Paris.

1907. VOGDT, Gegen die Wunschelrute [Against the divining rod]: Zeitschr. Spiritusindustrie, 30th year, No. 5, pp. 39-40, Berlin.

1907. VOGEL, P., Grenzfeststellungen mit der Wunschelrute [Establishing boundaries 

with the divining rod]: Zeitschr. Vermessungsweseu, vol. 36, pp. 554-559, 

Stuttgart.

1907. WAPPLER, A. F., Alte sachsische Wunschelratengeschichten [Old Saxon diviningrod stories]: Mitteil. d. Freiberger Alter turns-Vereins, Freiberg.

1907. WOLFF, W., Wider die Wiinschelrate [Against the divining rod]: Deutschen Ver. 

von Gas- und Wasserfachmanner Verh.. Munich.

1908. DIENERT, F., A. GUILLERD, and MARREC, Del'emploi de I'acoustelede Daguin 

pour la recherche des bruits souterrains [The use of the '' acoustele " of Daguin 

for the discovery of subterranean sounds]: Acad. sci. Comp. rend., vol. 146, 

pp. 1182-1184, Paris.

1908. HAUSSMANN, KARL, Die Wunschelrute und AhnKch.es [The divining rod and 

similar devices]: Mitteil. aus dem Markscheiderwesen, pp. 74-78, Freiberg, 

Saxony.

1908. MERY, GASTON, Comment je me suis reVe!6 sourcier [How I discovered myself 

to be a water witch]: L'echo du merveilleux, November; several other 

articles in the same journal, 1906-1908.

1908. SCHOBER, G., and REDLIEN, Aufruf gegen die Wunschelrute [Summons against 

the divining rod]: Pumpen- und Brunnenbau, 4th year, Berlin.

1908-9. SURYA, G. W., Die okkulte Seite der Wunschelrute [The occult side of 

the divining rod]: Zentralbl. fiir Okkultismus, 2d year, September, pp. 

97-102, Leipzig.

1909. ADOLF, H., articles in Ver. Gas- und Wasserfachmanner in Osterreich-TJngarn 

Zeitschr. No. 6, Mar. 15, and No. 10, May 15.

1909. AIGNER, EDOUARD (of Munich), Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Jour. 

Gasbeleuchtung und Wasserversorgung, 52d year, pp. 936-939, Munich and 

Berlin.

1909. BAYER, H. C., Mit der Wunschelrute, etc. [With the divining rod, etc.], Stuttgart.

1909. BRAIKOWICH, F., article in Ver. Gas- und Wasserfachmanner in OsterreichUngarn Zeitschr., No. 10, May 15.

1909. BRUNO, E., La radioactivite des sources [The radioactivity of springs]: L'echo 

du Merveilleux, Apr. 1.

1909. DOMINIK, H., Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Marz, 3d year, No. 13, 

pp. 18-23, Munich.

1909. DREHER, K., Die Wunschelrute von Podebrad in Bohmen [The divining rod of 

Podebrad in Bohemia]: Uber Land und Meer, 51st year, Stuttgart.

1909. DUFOURG, FR., La d^couverte des sources et le magn^tisme animal [The discovery of springs and animal magnetism]: L'echo du merveilleux, October 

and December.

1909. DUNKELBERG, Prof. Dr., Die Erschiirfung der Quellen [The discovery of springs]: 

Das Wasser, 5th year, No. 28, October, Halle.
48 THE DIVINING BOD.

1909. FRANZITTS, G., Zur Wiinschelrutenfrage [On the divining-rod question]: Zentralbl. der Bauverwaltung, 29th year, pp. 201-203, Berlin.

1909. FRENZEL, PAUL, Fur die Wassermutung durch hierzu geeignete sensitiv veranlagte Personen [For water finding by persons fitted therefor by virtue of an 

endowed sensitiveness]: Zeitschr. Vereines der Gas- und Wasserf. in Oesterr.- 

Ungarn, No. 9, May, Vienna.

1909. GALLEGO, E., Descubrimiento de aguas subterr&neas. El invento del P. Garcia 

Munoz. [The discovery of underground waters. The invention of P. Garcfa 

Mufloz]: La energfa el^ctrica, vols. 11 and 13, Madrid, 1909 and 1911.

1909. GEIMM, J., Wiinschelrutenaberglaube [Divining-rod superstition]: Es Werde 

Licht, March, pp. 185-187, Munich.

1909. HAETMANN, A., Wiinschelrute rediviva [The divining rod restored]: Urania, 2d 

year, No. 11, pp. 164-166, Vienna.

1909. JACOBY, Ein Beitrag zur Losung der Wiinschelrutenfrage [A contribution to the 

solution of the divining-rod question]: Wochenschr. Architekt. zu Berlin, 

4th year.

1909. MAGEE, HENEI, Les radiations des corps mine'raux; recherches des mines et 

des sources par leurs radiations [The radiations of mineral bodies; the search 

for mines and springs by their radiations], 3d ed., Paris.

1909. POSKIN, A., La rabdomancie ou 1'art de de'couvrir les mines et les sources 

au moyen de la baguette divinatoire [Bhabdomancy, or the art of finding 

mines and springs by means of the divining rod]: Soc. beige, de ge'ol., 

pal&mt. et hydrol. Me'm., vol. 23, pp. 28-57.

1909. ROHEBACH, Dr. P., Wassererschliessung in Deutsch-SiidwestaMka [Water finding in German Southwest Africa]: Kolonie und Heimat in Wort und Bild, 

2d year, No. 14, pp. 2-3, Berlin.

1909. SCHMIDS, ADOLF, Automatischen Wasserfinder [Automatic water finder]: 

Deutsch. Landw. Mitteil., vol. 24, Berlin.

1909. WEGNEE, Dr., [Against the divining rod]: Natur und Offenbarung, vol. 45, pp. 

600-615, Minister i. W.

1910. BAEEETT, W. F., The history and mystery of the so-called divining or dowsing 

rod, London.

1910. BIESKE, E., Furund wider die Wiinschelrute [For and against the divining rod]: 

Jour. Gasbeleuchtung und Wasserversorgung, 53d year, pp. 885-896, Munich 

and Berlin.

1910. ENDRISS, KAEL, Zum Problem der Wiinschelrute [On the divining-rod problem]: Psychische Studien, 37th year, pp. 449-456, Leipzig.

1910. ENDRISS, KAEL, Wiinschelrute und Wasserfachmanner [The divining rod and 

professional water finders].

1910. GEINITZ, E., Experimente mit der Wiinschelrute [Experiments with the divining rod]: Aus der Natur, 6th year, pp. 641-644, Leipzig.

1910. GUILLEMAIN, C., Die Wiinschelrute [The divining rod]: Das Wasser, 6th year, 

pp. 223-224, Halle.

1910: HEYD, TH., Von der Wiinschelrute und vom automatischen Quellenfinden [On 

the divining rod and automatic water finders]: D. Stadt. Tiefbau, Heidelberg.

1910. HOCH, J., Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Deutsch. landw. Gesell. 

Mitteil., vol. 25, Berlin.

1910. KLINCKOWSTROEM, Graf CARL VON, Virgula divina. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte 

der Wunschelrute [Virgula divina. A contribution to the history of the 

divining rod]: Dokumente des Fortschritts, 4th year, pp. 583-588, Berlin.

1910. KNIEPP, ALBERT, Die Wunschelrute und die Wissenschaft [The divining rod 

and science]: Psychische Studien, 37th year, pp. 114-117, Leipzig.

1910. LANCELIN, CHAELES, La sorcellerie des campagnes [The witchcraft of the countryside], Paris.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 49

1910. L'art des sourciers [The art of water witches]: Les inventions illustre'es, 13th 

year, Paris.

1910. Les baguettes divinatoires me'talliques et les proc&Ie's pseudo-scientifiques [Metallic divining rods and pseudo-scientific methods]: L'eau, March 15, 

Asnieres near Paris.

1910. MAGEB, HENRI, Un appareil scientifique pour la de"couverte des sources [A 

scientific apparatus for finding springs]: L'e'dilite' technique, Paris.

1910. MAGER, HENBI, Pour de"couvrir les sources, les mines et les tremors au moyen 

de la baguette divinatoire et de divers appareils scientifiques [For the discovery of springs, mines, and treasures by means of the divining rod and various 

scientific apparatuses], 2d ed., Paris.

1910. MAGER, HENRI, Sur la baguette divinatoire pour la de"couverte des sources, 

mines et tre"sors [On the divining rod for the discovery of springs, mines, 

and treasures]: L'e"cho du merveilleux, Paris.

1910. MAGER, HENBI, Les radiations de la terre, et experiences susceptibles de prouver 

les causes des mouvements de certaines baguettes [The radiations of the 

earth, and experiments adapted to prove the causes of the movements of 

certain divining rods]: First-Cong. Exper. Psychology Kept., pp. 196-206, 

November, Paris.

1910. MKTHA, H. K., Experiments with the water finder of Messrs. Mansfield & Co. 

in the trap area of western India: Dept. Agr. Bull. 38, Bombay.

1910. ROTHE, GKOBG, Die Wiinschelrute. Historisch-theoretische Studie [The divining rod. Historical-theoretical study], Jena.

1910. SLOET, L. A. J. W., De planten in het Germaansche volksgeloof en volksgebruik [Plants in Teutonic beliefs and customs], p. 80, 's Gravenhage.

1910. VOLL, Dr. ADAM, Die Wunschelrute und der siderische Pendel. Ein Versuch 

zu einer praktisch-wissenschaftlichen Studie [The divining rod and the 

sidereal pendulum. An attempt at a practical scientific study], Leipzig.

1910. WEBEB, M., Prof. Weber liber die Wunschelrute [Prof. Weber on the divining 

rod]: Das Wasser, 6th year, No. 28, pp. 578-579, Halle.

1910. WOLFP, W., Haben die geologischen Landesanstalten die Pflicht, gegen das 

TTnwesen der Wunschelrute vorzugehen? [Is it the duty of geologic institutions to antagonize the divining-rod nuisance?]: Protokoll. fl. d. Versamml. 

d. Direkt. d. geolog. landes d. deutsch. Bundes-stat., Berlin.

.1911. AIGNER, ED., Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Balneol. Zeitschr., 22d 

year, Berlin.

1911. AIGNEB, ED., Der gegenwartige Stand der Wunschelruten-Forschung [The 

present status of divining-rod investigations], Munich. Published as a preface to the bibliography by Klinckowstroem.

1911. BABBETT, W. F., The so-called divining or dowsing rod: Psychical research 

[Home Library series], ch. 12, pp. 167-186, London.

1911. BEHME, Dr., Die Wunschelrute: zur Frage der Wasserbeschaffung [The divining rod; on the question of procuring water]: Illustr. Rundschau, 1st year, 

Hanover.

1911. BEYEB, P., Ein Beitrag zur Klarung der Wiinschelrutenfrage [A contribution 

for the elucidation of the divining-rod question]: Deutsche Brief zeit, 7th 

year, Naunhof near Leipzig.

1911. BOBMANN, W., Allerhand uber die Wunschelrute [Miscellaneous items on the 

divining rod]: Die ubersinnliche Welt, 19th year, Berlin.

1911. BRAIKOWICH, F., Zur Wunschelrutenfrage [On the divining-rod question]-. 

Ver. Gas- und Wasserfachmanner in Osterreich-Ungarn Zeitschr., vol. 51, 

Vienna. 

46874° WSP 416 17 4
50 THE DIVINING ROD.

1911. BRUNNHOFER, H., Der Wiinschelrutenwahn [The divining-rod mania]: Sonntagsblattdes "Bund" 1911, Berne.

1911. CARMEJEANNB, C., letters in L'eau, 1910, and in Jour, du magne'tisme et du 

psychisme expe"r.

1911. DOBBERKAU, E. W., Experimente uber Wasserfuhlen von Quellen in der Erdentiefe [Experiments on the detection of water in underground springs]: 

Die ubersinnliche Welt, 19th. year, Berlin.

1911. DOUXAMI, HENRI, La rabdomancie ou 1'art de la baguette divinatoire [Rhabdomancy, or the art of the divining rod]: Soc. linne'enne de Lyon Annales,. 

vol. 57, pp. 33-49.

1911. DREYER, OTTO, Mythologische Deutung der Wunschelrute [Mythological significance of the divining rod]: Niedersachsen, 17th year, Bremen.

1911. FRANZIUS, G., Zur Wunschelrutenfrage [On the divining-rod question]; 

Ver. Gas- und Wasserf. in Osterr.-Ungarn Zeitschr., vol. 51, Vienna.

1911. GERHARD, WILLIAM PAUL, Ein Beitrag zur Wunschelrutenfrage [A contribution to the divining-rod question]: Gesundheitsingenieur, 34th year, Munich 

and Berlin.

1911. GRAEVE, OTTO EDLER VON, Die Wunschelrute und ihre Anwendung in der 

Praxis [The divining rod and its application in practice], Osterode.

1911. HESSE, Dr., Altes and Neues von der Wunschelrute [The old and new of thedivining rod]: Hygiene und Industrie, Dresden.

1911. HOHENFELS, HANS VON, Die Wunschelrute. Ihre magischen Wunderskrafte 

und die Kunst * * * [The divining rod. Its magic powers and the art 

* * *], Munich.

1911. HUBER, CARL, Telepathie und Wunschelrute [Telepathy and the divining rod]r 

Die ubersinnliche Welt, 19th year, Berlin.

1911. KLINCKOWSTROEM, Graf CARL VON, Wasserversorgung und Wunschelrute [Water 

supply and divining rod]: Illustr. Rundschau, 1st year, Hanover.

1911. KLINCKOWSTROEM, Graf CARL VON, Bibliographic der Wunschelrute [Bibliography of the divining rod (with a preface by Aigner)], Munich.

1911. KOCH, K. R., Das Phonendoskop als Wunschelrute [The phonendoscope as a 

divining rod]: Physikal. Zeitschr., 12th year, Leipzig.

1911. KONIG, F., Der Wunschelrute geheimnisvolles Walten ein Blendwerk [The 

mysterious action of the divining rod a delusion]: Ver. Gas- und Wasserf. 

in Osterr.-Ungarn Zeitschr., vol. 51, pp. 36-40, Vienna.

1911. LANZ-LIEBENFELS, J., Theologie und Radiologie [Theology and radiology] 

Der Turmer, 14th year, Stuttgart.

1911. LOTH, ARTHUR, articles in L'univers, Aug. 24, Aug. 31, Sept. 21, Dec. 28.

1911. LUTTENBACHER, H., Ncue Experimcnte mit der Wunschelrute [New experiments with the divining rod]: Psychische Studien, 38th year, pp. 57-60, 

Leipzig.

1911. MEYER, G., Die Wunschelrute und ihre Berechtigung [The divining rod and its 

right]: Ver. Gas- und Wasserf. in Osterr.-Ungarn Zeitschr., vol. 51, pp. 148- 

156, Vienna.

1911. OBST, WALTER, Meine Erfahmngen mit der Wunschelrute [My experiences with 

the divining rod]: Allgem. Beobachter, 1st year, Hamburg.

1911. PAINE, RALPH D., The book of buried treasure, London, pp. 361-384.

1911. REUSCH, HANS, En ny bok om jzfnskekvisten [A new book on divining]: Naturen, 

35th year, pp. 274-275, Bergen.

1911. ROTH, KARL, Die Wunschelrute auf dem Thermengebiet von Homburg v. d. 

Hohe [The divining rod in the hot-spring region of Homburg on the Hohe}: 

Frankfurter Zeit- und Handelsbl., 55th year, Frankfort.

1911. RUPPEL, WILLY, Stunden mit der Wunschelrute [Lessons with the divining rod]: 

Hildebrandts Zentralbl. Pumpen jind Wassertechn , 4th year, Berlin.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 51

1911. VOLL, ADAM, Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Suddeutsche Monatshefte, 9th year, pp. 755-758, Munich. 

1911. WEBER, M., Die Wunschelrute [On the divining rod]: Jour. Gasbeleuchtungund Wasserversorgung, 54th year, pp. 201-203, Munich. 

1911. WERTHEIMER, J., Experiments with water finders: Royal Soc. Arts Jour., vol.

59, pp. 384-389, London.

1911. WOLFF, W., Grundwasser und Wunschelrute [Ground water and divining rod]: 

Deutsche Forstzeitung, vol. 26, Neudamm.

1912. BEHRENDT, P., Die Versuche mit Rutengangern im Kalibergwerk Riedel bei

Hanigsen (Hannover) am 29 September, 1911 [The experiments with diviners

in the Riedel potash mine near Hanover on the 29th of September, 1911],

Stuttgart. 

1912. BIROT, EM., and Roux, CL., "Hydroscopie et rabdomancie Ge"ne"ralites 

bibliographie," and "Experiences de rabdomancie faites ou a faire a Lyon

en 1912 et 1913" [Experiments in rhabdomancy made, or to be made, at

Lyon in 1912 and 1913 (with bibliography)]: Soc. d'agr., sci. ind. Lyon Annales, pp. 129-192. 

1912. BORMANN, Dr. W., Ferneres uber die Wunschelrute [More on the divining

rod]: Die ubersinnliche Welt, 20th year. 

1912. DUCLAUX, JACQUES, La constitution de 1'eau [The constitution of water]:

Revue generate des sciences, vol. 23, pp. 881-887. 

1912. FEHEMAN, EARL L., Ein Beitrag zur Wiinschelrutenfrage [A contribution tothe divining-rod question]: Ver. Gas- und Wasserf. in Osterr.-Ungam

Zeitschr., vol. 52, Vienna. 

1912. HENNIG, R., Der Kampf um die Wunschelrute [The dispute over the divining

rod]: Natur, 3d year, Leipzig. 

1912. HOERNES, R., Die Wunschelrute [The divining rod]: Monatzeit. Osterr.-

Ungarn, 19th year, Graz." 

1912. KLINCKOWSTROEM, Graf CARL VON, Bibliographie derWunschelrute seit 1910

und Nachtrage [Bibliography of the divining rod since 1910 and addenda]:

Schriften Verbands z. Klarung Wunschelrute, part 3, Stuttgart. 

1912. KLINCKOWSTROEM, Graf CARL VON, Die Versuche mit der Wunschelrute im

Kalibergwerk Riedel und die Kritik [The experiments with the divining

rod in the Riedel potash works and criticism]: Ver. Gas- und Wasserf. in

Osterr.-Ungarn Zeitschr., vol. 52, Vienna. 

1912. LEJEAUX, JEAN, Le secret des sources [The secret of springs]: Le journal,

June 7, Dec. 27. 

1912. LEJEAUX, JEAN, De"couvrez vous-m&ne les sources [Discover springs yourself]:

La vie a la campagne, Nov. 15. 

1912. MAGER, HENRI, Les moyens de d^couvrir les eaux souterraines et de les utiliser

[The means of finding and utilizing underground water], 775 pp., Paris. 

1912. USLAR, VON, Des Landrats von Uslar Arbeiten mit der Wunschelrute in Sudwestafrica [Landrat von Uslar's work with the divining rod in Southwest

Africa], Stuttgart. 

1912. VESELY, J., Kouzeln^ Proutek [The *od of divination], Zlata Praha, 29th year,

Prague. 

1912. VIGEN, CHARLES, La baguette divinatoire en Allemagne. Etudes re"centes [The

divining rod in Germany. Recent studies]: La nature, Aug. 17.

1912. WEYRAUCH, R., Der Begriff des Erfolges bei Arbeiten von Wunschelrutengangern [The conception of the results of the work of divining-rod operators], 

Stuttgart.

1913. BIROT, EMILE, La recherche des eaux souterraines et les sourciers [The investigation of ground water and water witches]: Lyon-Colonial, March.
52 THE DIVINING BOD.

1913 DESOBOIX.,, Two articles on the Congreaa (of diviners) of 1913 and the experiments in rhabdomancy: L'eau, April.

1913 SEMON, CAMXDLE, La semaine des sourciers [The week of water witches]: Excelsior, Apr. 7.

1913 KLINCKOWSTROEM, Graf. CARL VON, Ergebnisse der Tatigkeit des Landrats von 

Uslar in Xteutschland [Results of the work of the Landrat von Uslar in 

Germany]; Verbands z. Klarung Wiinschelrute Schriften, No. 4.

1913 VLV.GEE , HEJ^EI, Les influences des'corps mine'raux: Recherche par leurs influences des eaux souterraines, des corps enfouis ou dissimule'e, des gisements 

me*tallifer"is [The influence of mineral bodies: Investigation of their influence on underground water, buried or hidden substances, and metalliferous 

depositfl- 236 pp., Paris.

1913 VIAGEE, H«;NBI, Les sourciers et leurs proce'de's: la baguette et le pendule 

[Water witches and their methods: the divining rod and the magic pendulum], Piris.

1913 \IAGEB, BBNBI, Communication sur les lignes de force susceptibles d'influencer 

1'homire et d'etre enregistre'es par une simple baguette [Communication on 

the linss of force capable of influencing man and of being registered by a 

simple divining rod], address before the Academy of Science, Apr. 21 and 28.

1913 ttABTEL, E.-A., Rapport sur le congres des baguettisants a Paris en mars 1913, 

pr^sen^ le 7 avril 1913 a la Commission sp6ciale d'hydrologie souterraine 

du Ministere de 1'agriculture [Report on the congress of diviners at Paris 

in Majch, 1913, presented to the special commission of underground hydrology of die Ministry of Agriculture, Apr. 7, 1913].

1913 $uiNCY, C., et H. GTJILLEMIN, Les sourciers et la baguette divinatoire [The 

water witches and the divining rod]: Soc. sci. nat. Sa6ne-et-Loire, Bull., vol. 

19, pp 21-28.

1913 ^ENDTJ, Dr. JOANN , Rapport sur les trois premieres experiences faites par la 

commission charge* e d'e*tudier la question de la baguette divinatoire, janvierfe*vrier, 1913 [Report on the first three experiments made by the commission 

directed to study the question of the divining rod, January-February, 1913]: 

Soc. d'agr., sci. ind. Lyon Annales, Travaux de la Commission lyonnaise 

d'e*tudes hydroscopiques, fasc. 3.

1913 &OLLIERE, BEOTHIEE DE, La baguette des sourciers. Classification des faits et 

des me'thodes anciennes et modernes [The divining rod of water witches. 

Classification of ancient and modern facts and methods].

1913 &OTJYER, C., Experience sur la baguette divinatoire [Experiences with the 

divining rod]: Soc. sci. nat. Sa6ne-et-Loire, new ser., vol. 19, pp. 51-56.

191$ ^-oux, CL. , and E. BIEOT, La de*couverte et le captage des eaux souterraines dans 

le D^partement du Rh6ne [The discovery and acquisition of underground 

waters in the department of the Rhone]: Soc. d'agr., sci. ind. Lyon Annales, 

1912, 1913.

191? VARIGNY, H. DE, Articles sur la baguette et sur le concours des sourciers a Paris 

en mars, 1913 [Articles on the divining rod and on the congress of water 

witches at Paris in March, 1913]: Journal des d6bats, March and April.

1913 FIRE, AEMAND, L'art de de'couvrir les sources. Les sourciers et la baguette 

divinatoire [The art of finding springs. Water witches and the divining rod]: 

La nature, April.

1913 The divining rod in Germany: Harper's Weekly, vol. 57, Feb. 22, p. 22, New 

York. Discusses revival of faith in divining rod in consequence of drought.

1913 The mystery of the divining rod: Independent, vol. 76, Oct. 9, pp. 64-65, New 

York.

1913 The divining rod again called into court: Review of Reviews, vol. 48, July, 

pp. 101-102, New York.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 53

1913. The study of the diyiniag rod: Literary Digest, vol. 46, Feb. 15, p. 341, New 

York. Translation of an article by E. A. Martel in La nature, Paris, Dec. 

21, 1913.

1914. MAGER, HENKI, A new method for the study of mining fields and for finding

ore embedded in deep ground. 8 pp. Paris. 

1916. SMITH, J. T., The divining rod as an oil finder: Petroleum World, vol. 13,

no. 191, p. 371.

PUBLICATIONS NOT DATED.

ANDKIMONT, D', La science hydrologique [The science of hydrology].

Breviaire du de"vin et du sorcier; contenant le trait6 de la baguette divinatoire; le 

dragon rouge; les merveilleux secrets du Petit Albert, Penchiridion du Pape 

Leon III, etc. [Breviary of the soothsayer and the water finder; treatise on 

the divining rod; red dragon; secret marvels of Petit Albert, the manual 

of Pope Leo IIL, etc.], Paris; figures.

CHALON, P., Recherche et captage des sources [Investigation and development of 

(underground) springs], 2d ed.

CHILD, S. T., Water finding.

DELETTZE, Histoire critique du magne'tisme animal [Critical history of animal magnetism].

DELRIO, Les pratiques superstitieuses de la branche de coudrier [The superstitious 

uses of the hazel twig], Disquisit. magic, book 3.

ENDRISS, KA.RL, many articles on the divining rod in German periodicals.

HOLT, HENRY, On the cosmic relations.

JANET, PIERRE, L'automatisme psychologique [Psychological automatism].

RICHET, CHARLES, Les mouvements inconscients [Unconscious movements].

RIOLS, J. DE. See Tournier, Paul.

ROCHAS, A. DE, Effluves odiques [Odic emanations].

TOTTRNIER, PAUL, L'art de de"couvrir les sources propres & donner naissance & des 

fontaines jaillissantes [The art of finding springs capable of giving rise to 

spouting fountains], Le Bailly, Paris.

INDEX.

A. Page. 

Adolf,H.,cited.............................. 47

Agricola, Georgius, cited..................... 26

on the use of rods for finding ores........ 10-11

Aigner, Edouard, cited...................... 47,49

Albinos, Theophil, cited..................... 31,32

Aldrovandus, Ulysses, cited................. 27

Alembert, Jean Bapttste le Eond d', and

Diderot, Denis, cited............ 33

Amoretti, Carlo,cited.................... 35,36,37

Amy, F., cited.............................. 40

Andrimont, D', cited........................ 53

Anhorn, Bartholom, cited................... 28

Arcet, J. d' [et al.], cited.................... 34

Ardouane, cited............................. 42

Aretin,C. F., von, cited..................... 36

Amim,L. A., von, cited.................... 36

Art des sourciers, 1', cited.................... 49

Arudy, L., cited............................. 45

Auscher, E. S., cited........................ 42

Aymar, Jacques, tracing of criminals by. .16-17,18

B.

Baguettes divinatoires me'talliques, les,

cited............................ 49

Baring-Gould, S., cited...................... 40

Barrett, W. F., ascribes movements of rod to

unconscious muscular action..... 22-23

cited................................. 42,48,49

on the finding of water for Saint Teresa.. 15 

on the origin of the modern divining rod.. 12 

on the tracing of a criminal by Jacques

Aymar.......................... 17

and Warcolier, R., cited................. 46

Battandier, A., cited........................ 43

Bauer, L. A., on magnetic disturbances in the

earth../......................... 25

Bavir,H., cited............................. 45

Bayer, H. C., cited.......................... 47

Bayle, Pierre,cited.........;................ . 31

Beaucorps, A. et F. de, cited................ 42

Beausoleil, Baron and Baroness, use of divining rods by...................... 14-15

Beausoleil, Baroness, cited................... 27

Beaven, E. W., cited........................ 42

Beccher, Joachim, cited..................... 31

Beem, Phil. Christoph., cited................ 27

Behme, Dr., cited........................... 49

Behrendt, P.,cited.......................... 51

Bekker, Balthasar, cited..................... 29

Belidor, Bernard Forest de, cited............ 32

Belon, Pierre,cited.......................... 26

Berger, cited................................. 45

Bernhardus,E. P.,cited.................... 26

Bersot, Ernest, cited......................... 39

Bertereau, Martine de, cited................. 27

Besson, Jacques, cited....................... 26

Page. 

Beyer, P., cited............................. 49

Beyschlag,F., cited......................... 43

Bianco, F.,cited............................ 46

Bible, use of rods mentioned in............... 9

Bibliography................................ 26-53

Bieske, E., cited....................'......... 48

Biot,J. B.,cited............................ 40

Birk,A., cited............................... 45

Birot, Emile, cited.......................... 51

and Eoux, Claude, cited.............. 26,51,52

Bizouard, Jos., cited......................... 40

Bjerge, Paul. See Feilberg, H. F.

Bleton, Barthelemy, finding of water by..... 18-20

Blom,V., cited.............................. 46

Bluhme, Job. Earth., and Dethardingius,

Georg, cited..................... 32

Bodin.J., cited.............................. 26

Bonnemere, [Lionel], cited.................. 41

Bonniot, Chanome V. de, cited.............. 42

Bormann, W., cited......................... 49,51

Bourcard, I. L, cited........................ 43

Boyle, Eobert, cited......................... 27

Braikowich,F.,cited........................ 47,49

Brauner, J. J., cited......................... 32

Breviare du devin et du sorcier, cited....... 53

Bruhier d'Ablaincourt, J. J., cited........... 32

Brunnhofer, H., cited....................... 50

Bruno, E., cited............................. 47

Bulow-Bothkamp, Cai von, cited........... 43

Bunting, J. P.,cited........................ 29

Bussiere, Paul, cited........................ 30

Butschky von Eutinfeld, Samuel, cited..... 28

C.

C., M. J. M., lettre de, a M. de Salgues, cited. 36 

Caesius, Bernard, cited...................... 27

Cancrinus,F. L.,cited...................... 33

Carmejeanne, C., cited....................... 50

Carnegie Institution of Washington, magnetic

survey by....................... 24

Carrie, Abb6, cited........................... 40

Carus,C. G.,cited........................... 39

Cauderan, Hippolyte, cited.................. 41

Chabrand, Ernest, cited..................... 44

Cbaloa, P., cited............................ 42,53

Chatelain, Prof.,cited....................... 29

Chauvin, Pierre, cited....................... 29

Chevalier, Abb6 Casimir, cited.............. 38

Chevreul, Michel Eugene, cited.............. 38,39

explanation of the divining rod and magic

pendulum by................... 21

Child, S.T.,cited........................... 53

Cicero on divination......................... 9

Clavairoz,M. F.,cited....................... 41

Collin de Plancy [Abbe Migne], cited........ 37,38

Colquhoun,J.C., cited...................... 39

55
56 INDEX.

Comiers, Claude, cited....................... 29

Concealment of real methods, use of divining

rod for.............._......... 15

Controversies, early, concerning the divining

rod.............................. 12-14

Cootworthy, William, cited................. 33

Cotta, Bernhard, cited...................... 39

Coussiere, La, cited......................... 43

Criminals, use of the rod in detecting......... 16-18

Cuvfllers, Etienne Felix Baron d'Etenin de,

cited............................ 37

D.

Dallac, Abbe", cited.......................... 38

Darapsky, L.,cited......................... 43

Deception, intentional and unintentional.... 6

Dechales, CL-Fr. Millet, cited............... 28

on peculiarities of therod................ 16

D&jouverte des eaux d'Uriage, cited......... 34

Decremps, cited............................. 34

Degous^e, J., cited........................... 38

Delanne, Gabriel, cited...................... 43

Deleuze, cited............................... 53

Delrio, cited................................. 53

Descosse, de Forcalquier, cited.............. 40

Descroix, cited.............................. 52

Dessoir, Max, cited.......................... 45

Dethardingius, Georg, and Bluhme, Joh.

Earth., cited.................... 32

De"yeux, cited............................... 34

Diderot, Denis, and Alembert, Jean Baptiste

le Rond d', cited................ 33

Diefenbach, M., cited........................ 44

Dienert,Fr6de- ric, cited..................... 43,46

Gufllerd, A., and Marrec, cited.......... 47

Divining rod again called into court, cited... 53

Divining rod in Germany, cited............. 52

Dobberkau, E. W., cited.................... 50

Dominik, H., cited.......................... 47

Douxami, Henri,cited...................... 50

Dowsing, use of term........................ 22

Dreher, K, cited............................ 47

Dreyer, Otto, cited.......................... 50

Dryver, F. W., cited........................ 45

Duclaux, Jacques, cited..................... 51

Dufour, cited................................ 40

Dufourg, Fr., cited.......................... 47

Dumas, J., cited............................. 39

Diinkelberg, Prof. Dr., cited................. 47

Durvffle, H.,cited.......................... 43

E.

Ebel, Jobann Gottfried, cited.............. 36

Ecclesiastical controversies, features of...... 16

Eckartshausen, Karlvon, cited............. 35

Eglin, Raphael,cited........................ 26

Ehlert, H., cited............................ 44,45

Eichholtz, Peter,cited...................... 27

Electricity, movements of rod ascribed to.... 18-20

Emsmann, H.,cited......................... 40

Endriss, Karl, cited......................... 48,53

England, introduction of the divining rod

into............................. 12

Erbstein, A., cited.......................... 45

Ettner, Johan Christian, cited............... 31

Page.

Europe, spread of the divining rod through.. 12-1$ 

Eyssvogel, Friderieh Gottlob, cited.......... i*

F.

Fabrioni, G. V. M., cited.................... 35-

Falkenhorst, C., cited....................... 4&

Faraday, Michael, explanation of table turning by........................... 21

Fauchon, Dr., cited......................... 45

Favre, L4on. See Clavairoz, M. F.

Fehrman, Karl L., cited..................... 51

Feilberg, H. F., cited........................ 41

Feudivirus, H. F.,cited..................... 3£

Feyjoo, Benito-Geronymo, cited............. 35

Fiebelkorn, Dr.,cited........................ 4fr

Figuier, Louis, cited......................... 40"

Fischer, H. L., cited......................... 35

Fischer, Joh. Andr.,cited................... 32-

Fiske, John, cited........................... 40-

Fitz, J., cited................................ 46

Fleischmann, Dr. O., cited.................. 46

Flemming, Hanns Friedr. von, cited........ 32-

Florke, H. Gustav, cited.................... 37"

Fluctibus, Robert de, cited.................. 27

Flodd, Robert, cited........................ 27

Fonvielle, W. de, cited...................... 41

Form of the divining rod.................... 7-8-

Foriney, J. H. 8., cited...................... 35

Fornari. See Giraldo, M. de.

Fortis, Abbe" Albert, cited................... 35,3fr

France, current investigations in............ 23

Francois, Jean, cited........................ 27

Franzius, G., cited.................... 44,46,48,50

Fratta et Montalbano, March. Marco Antonio

della, cited...................... 28

Frenzel, Paul, cited......................... 48-

Friedrich, Albreeht, cited.................... 46

Frommann, Joannes Christian, cited........ 28-

defenseof the rod by.................... 16-

Froriep, L. von, cited....................... 3&

Fiirstenau, E,., cited___................... 45

G.

G..E.R, cited.............................. 3O

Gaetzschmann, Moriz Ferdinand, cited...... 39-

Gagel, C.,cited.............................. 43

Galien, Claude, cited........................ 26

Gallego, E.,cited............................ 48

Gamier, Pierre,cited......................... 29,3O

Gast,A., cited.............................. 4S

Gataker,L.,aliasIsmala,cited.............. ^ 43

Geiuitz, E., cited............................ 48

Gerboin, Dr., cited.......................... 3&

Gerhard, William Paul,cited................ 5O

Germany, current investigations in........... 23

Gessmann, G., cited......................... 45

Gilardin, Alphonse, cited.................... 38

GUbert, L. W.,cited........................ 3ft

Ginsberg, Fr., cited.......................... 37

Giraldo, M.de, cited......................... 38

Glanvil, Joseph, cited....................... 2&

Gobet, cited................................. 33

Gockel, A., cited............................ 46-

Gold and silver, attraction of, by rod........ 9-

Gorres, Joseph von, cited.................... 3S

GoupU, cited................................ 4ft
INDEX. 57

	Page. 

Graeve, Otto Edler von, cited............... 50

Grasse, Job. G. Th., cited.................... 38

Grasset,Dr.,cited........................ 43,44,45

Grimm, J.,dted............................. 48

Grimm, Jacob,cited......................... 38

Cue", P. du, and Rolliere, Brothier de, cited.. 42

Guillerd, A., Dienert, F., and Marrec, cited.. 47

Guillemain, C., cited........................ 48

Guillemin, H., et Quincy, C., cited.......... 52

Guillotin. See Arcet, J. d'.

Gutmann, Agidius, cited.................... 26

H.

Haas,H. J., cited............................ 42

Halle, J. 8.,cited............................ 34,35

Hartmann, A., cited......................... 48

Haslinger, Camillo, cited.................... 40

Haussen, J. 8.,cited......................... 41

Haussmann, Karl, cited..................... 47

Hsirn, A., cited.............................. 44

Heinrichs, Ludw., cited..................... 45

Helbig, cited................................ 46

Holland, A.,cited........................... 41

H&noa, Camille, cited....................... 52

Hennig, Rich., cited......................... 44,51

Hesse, Dr., cited............................ 50

Heyd, Th., cited............................ 48

Hildebrandt, Gotthold, cited................ 44

Hirschfeld, Ludwig,cited................... 43

Htetoire d'une jeune anglaise, cited.......... 33

Hoch, J., cited............................... 48

Hoernes, R., cited........................... 51

Hohberg, Wolff Helmh. von, cited........... 29

Hohenfels, Hans von, cited.................. 50

Holding rod, manner of...................... 7,8

Holmes, T.V., cited......................... 42

Holt, Henry, cited.......................... 53

Hoppe, O.,cited............................ 45

Huber, Carl, cited........................... 50

Hufeland,C.W., cited...................... 37

Husing, G., cited............................ 46

Huvler, Dume'e, cited....................... 34

Incantations, use of, with divining rods.:.... 11

Information, demand for.................... 5

Inquisition, use of rod in criminal prosecution

ended by........................ 18

Instruments for finding water, patents on... 23-25 

Ismala. See Gataker, L.

J. 

Jacob, P. L., cited........................... 40,41

Jacoby, cited................................ 48

Jacquet, Abbe", cited........................ 39,40

Jaeger, G., cited............................. 46

Janet, Pierre, cited.......................... 53

Jugel, Johann Gottfried, cited............... 33

K. 

Kastner.A. G.,cited........................ 33

Keckermann, cited.......'................... 26

Keilhack, K.,cited.......................... 43

Keller, Ernst Urban, cited.................. 33

Kieser, D. G.,cited......................... 37

Kiessewetter, Carl, cited..................... 41

See also Haussen, J.S. 

Kiessling, Johann Gottfried, cited........... 33

Kircher,Atb.anasius, cited.................. 27,28

Page.

Kirchmaier,Theodor,etMartius,J.H., cited. 28 

Kirchmann,M.C., cited.................... 29

Klapper,J., cited............................ 44

Klein, Jakobus, et Sperling, Johann, cited... 27 

Klinckowstroem, Graf Carl von, cited....... 26,

48,50,51,52 

Kluge, Carl A. F., cited..................... 37

Kniepf,Albert,cited.................. 43,45,46,48

Koch, K.R., cited.......................... 50

Kohler, G.,cited............................ 41

Koller-Carow, Von, cited.................... 47

Kfinig, F.,cited............................. 47,50

Krause, Ernst. See Sterne, Cams.

Kruger, Johann Gottlob, cited............ i.. 33

Kuhlenbeck, Ludwig, cited................. 41

Kullmann, Heinrich, cited.................. 45

L. 

LaBaume, W., cit&i........................ 45

La clef des sources, cited................... 38

La Garde, Abbe1 de, cited.................... 30

Lacroix, P. See Jacob, P. L.

Laffineur, Jules, cited....................... 41

Laforet, Aug., cited......................... 40

Lalande, J. J. de, cited...................... 33,34

Lancelin, Charles,cited..................... 48

Lang, Andrew, cited........................ 41

Lange, G. A.,cited.......................... 44

Lanz-Liebenfels, J., cited.................... 50

Latimer, Charles, ascribes movements of rod

to magnetism.................... 21-22

cited.................................... 40

Latour, Benott,cited........................ 38

Lavaur, De, cited...........................^ 32

Le Conte, J. Georg. See Zentgravius, D. J.

J., and Le Conte, J. Georg. 

Le Lorrain, Pierre. -See Vallemont, Abbe1 de. 

LeRoyer, Jacques,cited.................... 28

Lebenwaldt, Adam von, cited............... 29

Lebrun, Pierre, cited..................... 30,31,32

theory of "prior intention" advanced by. 18 

Ledel, Sigismund, cited..................... 31

Lefebre, A., cited............................ 43

Lehmann, Alfred, cited...................... 42

Lejeaux, Jean, cited......................... 51

Lenotre, G., cited........................... 45

Leppla, A.,cited............................ 44

I ,ettre sur la baguette divinatoire, cited..... 30

Lichtenberg, G. C., and Voigt, J. H., cited.... 35

Liebentantz, Michael, cited.................. 27

Lignaridus, Hermann, cited................. 26

Lochmann, Prof., cited...................... 41

Lockhart, M., cited.......................... 37

Loescher, Martin Gotthelf, cited............. 32

LShneyss, Georg E.,cited................... 26

Lorthe, G. A.,de,cited...................... 34

Loth, Arthur,cited.......................... 50

Loubert,J.B., cited......................... 38

Luce, J.W.L., cited........................ 35

Luttenbacher, H.,cited..................... 50

M.

Macquer. See Arcet, J. d'.

Mager,Henri,cited................. 48,49,51,52,53

recent claims for the divining rod by..... 23

"Magic pendulum," use of.................. 21

Magnetic disturbances, terrestrial,scope of... 25
58 INDEX.

Maier, F.,cited.............................. 45

Mansfield, W., water finder of............... 24

Martel, E.-A., cited......................... 52,53

Martelliere, cited............................ 43

Martius, J. H. See Kirohmaier, Theodor, et

Martius, J. H.

Marrec, Dienert, F., and Guillerd, A., cited... 47 

Materials, various, used for rods............. 16

Mayor, Michel, cited.....................;... 26

'Mayo, Herbert,cited................;....... 39

Meinzer, O. E., introductory note by........ ' 5-6

Melancthon, Philippe, cited................. 26

Meltzer von Wolckenstein, Christian, cited.. 29 

Menestrier, Cl.-Fr., cited.................... 30,38

Mery, Gaston,cited... .............. ..... 47

Metha, H. K., cited......................... 49

Meunier, Mme. Stanislas, cited.............. 41

Meyer, Carl, cited........................... 38

Meyer, G., cited..............'............... 50

Migne, Abbe, cited.......................... 38

See also Collin de Plancy. 

Mitouart. See Arcet, J. d'. 

Molinaeus, Petras, cited..................... 27

Money, advice against expenditure of........ 6

Montanus, Elias,cited....................... 26

Montenay du Menhy, Comte de, cited....... 45

Morinais, G. dela, cited..................... 42

Morogues, Baron de, cited................... 39

Mortillet, Gabriel, cited..................... 38

Moulin, Pierredu, cited..................... 27

Mullins, John, cited......................... 42

Murderers, use of rods for detecting.......... 9

Muscular movements, involuntary, magic 

pendulum, table turning, and 

divining rod explained by....... 16,21

Mylius,Chr., cited........................... 33

Mystery of the divining rod, cited........... 53

N.

Nagel, L., cited.............................. 44

Nicholas, Jean, cited........................ 30

Nicolas, M., cited............................ 34

Noggerath, Jacob, cited...................... 40

Nork, F.,cited............................... 38

O.

Obst, Walter, cited.......................... 50

Ohlsen, O., cited............................ 47

Ohnstein, Albert, cited...................... 45

Oken, L., cited.............................. 37

Origin of the divining rod................... 8-9

Ostwald, Wilhelm, cited.................... 42

Outrepont, Prof., cited...................... 37

Ozanam, J., cited............................ 30

P.

Pabst, Camille, cited........................ 44

Paine, Ralph D., cited...................... 50

Panthot, Jean-Baptiste, cited................ 29,30

Paoli, P., cited.............................. 30

Paracelsus, on the untrustworthiness of divining rods...................... 12

Paramelle, Abbe1 , cited...................... 39

ParvUle, Henri de, cited..................... 42

Passavant, Job. Carl, cited.................. 37

Pease,Edw. R.,cited....................... 41

Percis, Heliophilus a, cited.................. 26

............:............ 40

Perjurers, use of rod for detecting............ 9

Peucer, Gaspar, cited........... '. ............ 26

Pfungst, Oskar,cited........................ 32

Phillips, W., cited........................... 37

Phippen, F., cited........................... 39

Pixies, belief in agency of.................... 14

Plattes, Gabriel.cited....................... 27

Pliny, silence of, on divining rods............ 9

Poetters, Karl, cited......................... 44

Poissonier. See Arcet, J. d'.

Porta, Jo. Baptista, cited..............'...... 26

Poskin, A., cited............................ 48

Praetorius, Johann, cited.................... 28

Prel, Karldu, cited.......................... 42

"Prior intention," theory of................. 18

Pryce, William, cited........................ 33

Psychology, rise of........................... 21

Q. 

Quincy, C., et Guillemin, H., cited.......... 52

R. 

Rabus, Pieter, cited......................... 31

Ramanzini, Dionigi, cited................... 35

Rattray, Sylvester,cited.................... 28

Raymond, R. W.,cited..................... 41

on religious rites connected with the divining rod....................... 14

on the belief in the divining rod......... 22

on the detection .of criminals by Jacques

Aymar.......................... 17

on the early use of the divining rod...... 9-10

on the finding of water by Barthelemy

Bleton........................... 19-20

on the prospecting methods of Baron

Beausoleil....................... 14-15

Redlien, and Schober, G., cited.............. 47

Rege, Eugenon von, cited................... 45

Regnard, Jean F.,cited...................... 35

Reichenbach, Karl L. F. von, cited.......... 39

Religious rites connected with the divining

rod.............................. 14

Renaud, Andr£, cited....................... 30

Rendu, Joanny, cited........................ 52

Resie, Comte de, cited....................... 39

Reusch, Hans, cited......................... 50

Rhabdomancy, meaning of.................. 9

Richard, Abbe Pierre, cited................. 40

Richet, Charles, cited........................ 53

Richter, Emil, cited......................... 44

Riols, J. de, cited............................ 53

Riondet,d'Hyeres, cited.................... 39 .

Hitter, Wilhelm, cited....................... 37

Rivinus, F. F., and Wernher, J. F., cited... 32 

Rivinus, Quint. Sept. Flor., cited........... 32

Roberti, Job., cited.......................... 2ft

Rochas, Albert de, cited.........:........... 41,5*

Rohr, Bernhard von, cited.................. 32

Rohrbach, P.,cited......................... 48

RoUiere, Brothier de, cited................... 52

and Gue, P. du, cited.................... 42

Remain, cited............................... 40

Roman, J. L., and Wallerius, J. G., cited.... 33

RSssler, B.,cited............................ 31

Roth, Karl,cited............................ 5tt

Rothe, Georg,cited.......................... 49

Ronx, Claude, and Birot, Emile, cited..... 26,51,52
INDEX. 59

Eouyer,C., cited............................ 52

Eozier, Abbe", cited.......................... 34

Euppel, Willy, cited........................ 50

Saint-Andre^ De,cited....................... 32

Saint-Cloud, P., cited........................ 43

Saint-Remain, G. B. de, cited............... 29

movements of rod explained by........... 16

Sainte-Tulle, Lazare de, cited................ 39

Salgues, J. B., cited.......................... 37

Satanic influence, movements of divining rod

attributed to.............. 13-14,17-18

Sauri, Abbe", cited........................... 33

Schaub, J. D.,cited......................... 28

Schelling, F. W. J. von,, cited................ 36

Schmid, Adolf, water finder of............... 24,25

Schmid, Adolf> cited......................... 48

Schmidt, C. W., cited....................... 39

Schmidt,E., cited........................... 44

Schmidt, J. G., cited........................ 32

Schober, G., and Eedlien, cited.............. 47

Sehott, Gaspard,cited....................... 27

earlier and later beliefs of................ 16,17

Schowalter, A., cited........................ 47

Schultz, Thomas Johann, cited.............. 29

Schutze, Heinrich Carl, cited................ 33

Schwartz, Wilhelm, cited.................... 41

Schwenter, Daniel, cited..................... 27

Schwimmer, Johann M., cited............... 28

M. J. M., cited........................... 28

Sementini, Luigi, cited...................... 37

Siegert, A,, cited............................. 45

Sloet, L. A. J. W., cited..................... 49

Smith, J. T., cited........................... 53

So'keland, Hermann, cited................... 44

Solutions de problemes concernant les

sources, cited.................... 39

Sourciers * * * sorciers? Peut-on voir 1'eau

sousterre? cited................. 44

Spadoni, Paolo, cited........................ 35

Spallanzani, Abbe" Lazaro, cited............. 35

Spasms, muscular, of diviners............... 7-8

Steffens, Heinrich, cited..................... 37

Sterginger, Ferdinand, cited................. 34

Sterne, Carus, cited.......................... 40

Stinde, Julius, cited. -....................... 41

Stoer, Johann Gottlieb,cited................ 33

Stoss, P., cited.............................. 46

Study of the divining rod, cited............... 53

Sturm, J. C.,cited........................... 31

Surbled, Georges, cited...................... 44

Surya, G. W., cited.......................... 47

Szent-Ivany, Martin, cited................... 29

T.

"Table turning," rise of..................... 21

Tanck,' W., cited............................ 46

Tardivel,J. B.,cited........................ 42

Tentzel, Wilhelm E., cited.................. 30

Thouvenel, Pierre, cited.................. 34,35,36

explains water witching by animal magnetism........................... 18-20

See oZso Arcet, J. d'. 

Tollius.J., cited........................... 31

Toumier, PanljCited........................ 53

Page. 

Trebra, F. W. H. von, cited................. 34

Tr4bucq, S., cited........................... 47

Tristan, ComteJ.de, cited.................. 37,44

U. 

Uhl,G., cited......................'......... 44

United States, use of divining rod in......... 21-22

Urban, Michael, cited....................... 43

Uses for divining rods....................... 8

Uslar, Von, cited............................ 51

V. 

Vagedes, Henr., cited........................ 31

Vagny, De, cited............................ 30

Valentini,D.M.B., cited.............:..... 31

Valentinus, Basilius, cited.................. 26

on the use of the divining rod........... 12

Vallemont, Abbe" de, cited................... 30

Varigny, H. de, cited..............--.-----.. 52

Varro, silence of, on divining rods........... 9

Vernhes, Abbe" A., cited..................... 42

Vesely, J., cited............................. 51

Vigen, Charles, cited......................... 46,51

Vilbussiere, Le Commandeur de, cited....... 32

Violet, P., cited............................. 31

Vire, Armand, cited......................... 52

Vitruvius, silence of, on divining rods....... 9

Vogdt, cited................................. 47

Vogel, P., cited.............................. 47

Voigt, J. H., and Lichtenberg, G. C., cited.. 35 

Voll, Adam,cited........................... 49,51

Voss, Ludwig von, cited..................... 37

W. 

Walch.J.G., cited........................... 32

Wallerius, J. G., et Eoman, J. L., Sited...... 33

Wappler, A. F., cited........................ 47

Warcolier, E., and Barrett, W. F., cited..... 46

"Water witching," origin of................. 15-16

Weber, L., cited............................. 45

Weber, M.,cited............................ 49,51

Webster, John, cited........................ 28

Wegner, Dr., cited........................... 48

Wegner, G. W., cited........................ 32

Weinholt, A., cited........................... 36

Weise, J. M. See Albinus, Theophil.

Weisse, J. Fr., cited......................... 37

Weissenberg, H., cited....................... 4

Wenzel, J. G., cited......................... 36

Wernher, J. F., and Eivinus, F. F., cited.... 32

Wertheimer, J., cited........................ 51

Weyrauch, R., cited......................... 51

Wiegleb, J. C., cited......................... 36

Wille, Matthes. See Willenius, Matthaeus. 

WUlenius, Matthaeus, cited.................. 28

Willfort,M., cited... ..................<-.... 46

Witchcraft, movements of rod ascribed to. 16,17-18 

Wolff, Wilhelm, cited................. 46,47,49,51

Wood, kinds used for rods................... 7

Working principle of rod, claims concerning. 5-6

Y. 

Ysabeau, A., cited........................... 38

Z. 

Zeider, Johann Gottfried, cited.............. 31

Zentgravius, Daniel Johan Joachim, et Le

Conte, Johan Georg, cited....... 31

Zollikofer, Dr.,cited......................... 37

Zschokke, Heinrich,cited................... 37

o