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                        HSIP
                        SHSP


            
            In This Section
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                Missouri
		

		
		
					SHSP Key Components
									**Lead Agency:**
						Missouri Department of Transportation
        
									**Time Period Plan Covers:**
						2016
-2020
				
        					**Vision:**
						Partnership toward zero deaths.
				
        
        					**Plan's Goals:**
						NO lives are lost due to a traffic crash.
		
    			**View State's SHSP**
		
					Emphasis Areas
        **Data & Data System Improvements – Data Accessibility**

        **EA Type:**
      	Data**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Data
    Continue efforts to automate search and data retrieval from the driver and vehicle files for auto population of crash and citation forms; to allow the access to Missouri Ambulance Reporting System by state partners.
    Increase the availability of data from the state systems (e.g., DHSS, OSCA, MSHP, DOR, MoDOT, etc.) to local data users.
    Reduce the number of days from the crash date to the date the electronic crash report is entered into STARS/TMS to less than 60 days; from the crash date to the date the hard copy crash report is entered into STARS/TMS to less than five months; from the date of an EMS run to the date when the EMS patient care report is entered to seven days.        
      **Data & Data System Improvements – Data Collection**

        **EA Type:**
      	Data**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Data
    Encourage law enforcement agencies to electronically submit crash data as soon as possible; local law enforcement agencies to report DWI arrest information to the DWI Tracking System (DWITS); municipal courts to electronically submit adjudication data as soon as possible and provide operational and funding assistance.
    Increase the availability of data from the state systems (e.g., DHSS, OSCA, MSHP, DOR, MoDOT, etc.) to local data users.
    Increase the electronic reporting of the charge disposition from courts using the statewide case management system to the Department of Revenue’s driver license systems.
    Strengthen efforts to provide operational and funding assistance for electronic crash data submission.        
      **Data & Data System Improvements – System Linkage**

        **EA Type:**
      	Data**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Data
    Improve the State’s traffic records data systems capacity to integrate the crash, roadway, citation/adjudication, vehicle, driver, and injury surveillance systems.        
      **High-Risk Driving & Unrestrained Occupants – Aggressive Driving**

        **EA Type:**
      	Behavioral**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Engineering
    Expand the use of CMS/DMS speed monitoring signs by utilizing safety messaging to alert aggressive drivers; collecting and analyzing data from speed monitoring devices and share with highway safety stakeholders; using in work zones.
    Expand the use of roadside devices to deliver safety messages to vehicles/drivers.
    Implement speed management reduction measures (e.g., narrowing lanes, speed bumps/humps, roundabouts, road diets etc.) by installing portable rumble strips especially in work zones.
    Support in-vehicle warning devices (e.g., speed control/ monitoring, etc.).
    Utilize technology to identify predictable trends.
  Education
    Develop mobilization campaigns, (e.g., Click It or Ticket/ Drive Sober or Get Pulled Over, etc.) that specifically target aggressive driving behaviors that highlight speed.
    Distribute pre- and post- enforcement operation news releases about enforcement safety efforts; news releases on highway safety educational campaigns.
    Educate employers on the benefits of adopting safe driving programs/policies.
    Educate law enforcement on the importance of enforcing posted speed limits.
    Educate roadway users about the dangers of aggressive driving, the need to follow traffic laws, rules of the road and courteous driving every trip, EVERY TIME.
    Educate roadway users on the importance of not being lulled into a false sense of security because of vehicle safety features.
    Educate roadway users on the importance of understanding and accepting full responsibility for their safety, and the safety of others, while driving including the dangers of aggressive driving behaviors.
    Educate roadway users on the use of safety belts and child safety seats every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME, day and night.
    Encourage high schools to participate in driver safety pro- grams/campaigns (e.g., It Only Takes One, Team Spirit, etc.).
    Partner with safety stakeholders to deliver aggressive driving information.
    Provide information on physics of speed and stopping distance including the perception and reaction time.
    Use high impact public service announcements including in schools and businesses.
    Utilize media and social media to deliver aggressive driver safety messages in educating the public.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Expand selective traffic enforcement programs by encouraging multijurisdictional high-visibility enforcement.
    Increase targeted enforcement on identified high-incident corridors/roadways by implementing coordinated statewide high-visibility enforcement day or night; targeting speed enforcement in work zones.
    Increase the number of law enforcement agencies applying for traffic enforcement funding.
    Support high-priority enforcement efforts throughout the year.
  Data
    Expand the use of traffic flow and speed data to identify high-speed corridors, use of automated enforcement.
    Procure enhanced traffic probe data to improve analysis of speeds.
  Incident Management/EMS
    Utilize first responder personnel in traffic safety education campaigns.        
      **High-Risk Driving & Unrestrained Occupants – Distracted/Inattentive Driving**

        **EA Type:**
      	Behavioral**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Access research from SHRP2 Naturalistic Driving Study.
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Enact legislation requiring an all-driver texting ban; restrict the use of hand-held devices for all drivers.
    Enact legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Enhance the GDL law to ban cell phone use by beginner drivers.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
    Provide a model policy on distracted driving; information on limitations of current vehicle technology.
  Engineering
    Consider transverse rumble strips to alert drivers of upcoming decision points (e.g., intersections, crosswalks, etc.).
    Continue installation of center and edgeline rumble strips/stripes and median guard cables; use of Safety EdgeTM.
    Expand clear zones by removing or shielding trees and utility poles; installation/width of paved shoulders.
    Support the use of in-vehicle distracted driver detection monitoring devices.
    Utilize audible/visual warning devices and alarms in work zones, (e.g., portable rumbles, audible alarms, worker personal protection equipment (PPE), etc.).
  Education
    Continue to expand public information campaigns to educate the roadway user on the dangers of distracted driving.
    Educate all drivers and passengers on the importance of understanding and accepting full responsibility for their safety, and the safety of others while driving/riding.
    Educate drivers about the dangers of aggressive, distracted, substance-impaired, and fatigued driving during every trip, EVERY TIME.
    Educate drivers on the importance of avoiding all distractions, (e.g., eating, drinking, grooming, etc.).
    Educate on the use of safety belts; every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME, day and night.
    Encourage use of hands-on distracted driving simulators; employers to strengthen distracted driving policies and consequences for those who text and drive, use cell phones and other electronic devices while driving.
    Encourage use of smartphone technology to minimize distracted driving, (e.g., use cell phone provider apps that prevent cell phone use while driving, etc.).
    Seek opportunities in businesses, schools and community organizations to provide presentations on distracted driving.
    Use dynamic message signs to communicate the dangers of distracted driving.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Increase enforcement of traffic violations that are a result of distracted/inattentive driving.
  Data
    Encourage accurate and complete crash reports through MSHP crash report training; strict enforcement of texting law; use of phone disabling technology while driving.        
      **High-Risk Driving & Unrestrained Occupants – Drowsy Driving**

        **EA Type:**
      	Behavioral**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Access research from SHRP2 Naturalistic Driving Study.
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Enact legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
  Engineering
    Consider transverse rumble strips to alert drivers of up-coming decision points (e.g., intersections, crosswalks, etc.).
    Continue installation of center and edgeline rumble strips/stripes and median guard cables; use of Safety EdgeTM.
    Expand clear zones by removing or shielding trees and utility poles.
    Increase number of rest area options on Missouri’s roadways; paved shoulders.
  Education
    Continue to expand public information campaigns, including social media, to educate the roadway user on the dangers of drowsy driving and how to recognize the warning signs.
    Educate all drivers on the importance of understanding and accepting full responsibility for their safety, and the safety of others, while driving drowsy.
    Educate on the use of safety belts and child safety seats.
    Educate the public on the dangers of sleep deprivation.
    Encourage employers, especially those with multiple shifts, to educate employees about drowsy driving.
    Encourage use of in-vehicle drowsy driver detection monitoring devices.
    Seek opportunities in businesses, schools and community organizations to provide presentations on drowsy driving.
    Use Dynamic Message Signs to alert drivers on the dangers of drowsy driving.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Increase enforcement of traffic violations that are a result of drowsy driving.
  Data
    Encourage accurate and complete crash reports through MSHP crash report training.        
      **High-Risk Driving & Unrestrained Occupants – Substance-Impaired Driving**

        **EA Type:**
      	Behavioral**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Develop blood-draw policies for use with EMS, hospitals and law enforcement agencies.
    Develop blood-draw policies for use with EMS, hospitals and law enforcement agencies; new checkpoint strategies (e.g., low man-power).
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Enact legislation requiring ignition interlocks for first-time offenders.
    Encourage enactment of local substance-impaired driving ordinances (e.g., open containers, prohibit minors in bars, etc.); implementation of phlebotomy program by law enforcement agencies.
    Expand and strengthen the Drug Evaluation and Classification program (e.g., drug recognition experts (DRE), prosecutor training, etc.).
    Explore implementation of the 24/7 Sobriety Testing Program.
    Improve process for obtaining warrants in breath test refusal cases; blood draw search warrant process checkpoints, ghost checkpoint, etc.).
    Increase monitoring of DWI offenders through use of DWI Courts and bond conditions.
    Maintain and enhance substance-impaired driving laws.
    Strengthen penalties for refusing a breath test and/or chemical test.
    Update and implement the statewide Impaired Driving Strategic Plan.
    Work with Substance-Impaired Driving Subcommittee to access and evaluate Missouri’s substance-impaired driving laws.
  Engineering
    Encourage deployment of in-vehicle sensors to inhibit substance-impaired driving; the development of drug detection devices for use by law enforcement at roadside.
  Education
    Continue to educate the roadway users, employers, alcohol vendors and servers on the dangers of substance-impaired driving and to encourage patrons on the safety benefits of using designated drivers, taxis, Uber, etc.; offering server training programs.
    Educate all drivers on the importance of understanding and accepting full responsibility for their safety, and the safety of others, while driving including the dangers of substance-impaired driving behaviors.
    Educate hospital and emergency medical service (EMS) workers on current state laws relating to substance-impaired driving blood draws.
    Educate on the use of safety belts; every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME, day and night.
    Encourage pharmacies and physicians to educate patients on the impairment effects of prescription medications while driving.
    Increase conviction rates on original charge by increasing judicial and prosecutor training.
    Provide information to the judicial community about Substance Abuse Traffic Offenders Program.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Encourage multi-agency initiatives and task forces to identify target locations, times, etc. for enforcement efforts; development /use of specialized DWI units; law enforcement to participate in the youth impaired driving mobilizations; local agencies to streamline the paperwork used by the arresting officer for processing a DWI.
    Increase law enforcement participation in substance-impaired driving enforcement and specialized mobilization efforts.
    Increase the number of law enforcement/judicial participants in taking Advanced Roadside Impaired Driving Enforcement training; prosecutors attending checkpoints to assist in expediting search warrants if necessary; law enforcement jurisdictions participating in no refusal and/or electronic blood draw search warrant programs.
    Increase use of ignition interlock devices.
    Maintain and/or increase the number of sobriety checkpoints.
  Data
    Explore the ability to file Alcohol Influence Reports (AIR) electronically for all law enforcement agencies (through the use of breath instrument technology).
    Improve reporting of DWI offenses by law enforcement, prosecutors and courts by utilizing the DWI Tracking System (DWITS).        
      **High-Risk Driving & Unrestrained Occupants – Unlicensed/Improperly Licensed Driving**

        **EA Type:**
      	Behavioral**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Develop a consensus for legislation to create alternative sanctions for the suspended or revoked driver (e.g., impound vehicle, seize license plates, etc.).
    Eliminate non-driving related reasons that driver licenses are suspended or revoked.
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Expand use of separate court dockets to address suspended and revoked drivers.
    Revise Missouri statutes regarding license suspensions and revocations to include stiffer penalties.
    Revise the motorcycle operator learner’s permit to be valid for a maximum of 90 days with a maximum of one renewal.
  Engineering
    Increase use of license plate readers to help identify suspended or revoked drivers.
  Education
    Educate unlicensed/improperly licensed drivers on alternative means of transportation.
    Increase emphasis in driver education materials on offenses that can result in revocation of licenses.
    Public service announcements addressing unlicensed/improperly licensed drivers.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Conduct safety checkpoints in high-risk areas.
    Identify methods to encourage drivers who have been suspended or revoked, and whom are eligible to reinstate their license.
  Data
    Encourage development of systems to link title and license plate registration information and proof of insurance to the driver license record.        
      **High-Risk Driving & Unrestrained Occupants – Unrestrained Drivers and Occupants**

        **EA Type:**
      	Behavioral**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Expand the number of local primary safety belt ordinances.
    Increase fines and penalties for current occupant protection laws including all vehicles regardless of weight.
  Engineering
    Increase use of dynamic message signs that encourage restraint use.
    Support implementation of new technologies on vehicles (e.g., features that disable a vehicle unless the safety belt system is properly used, etc.).
  Education
    Continue to educate law enforcement about the Graduated Driver License (GDL) statute and the provision that defines safety belt enforcement as a primary violation.
    Continue to expand public information and education campaigns to educate the general public and high-risk groups (pickup truck and teen occupants) about the importance of safety belt use.
    Educate drivers about the dangers of aggressive, distracted, substance-impaired, and fatigued driving during every trip, EVERYTIME.
    Educate employers on the benefits of adopting safe driving programs/policies (e.g., mandatory use of safety belts, ban cell phone use while driving, etc.).
    Educate employers on the importance of educating their employees on safe driving practices, (e.g., proper use of safety belts, etc.).
    Educate GDL recipients, parents/guardians, schools and employers about the mandatory safety belt use component of the law (i.e. First Impact Program).
    Educate older drivers on properly wearing their safety belt.
    Educate parents, caregivers and grandparents about proper selection and installation of child safety and booster seats.
    Educate roadway users and passengers on following traffic laws, rules of the road and courteous driving.
    Educate roadway users and passengers on the importance of understanding and accepting full responsibility for their safety, and the safety of others, while driving/riding unrestrained.
    Educate roadway users and passengers on the use of safety belts and child safety seats - every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME, day and night.
    Educate the public on options for individuals with special needs (e.g., safety belt extenders).
    Encourage insurance companies to expand safe driving incentive programs.
    Expand the collaboration with hospitals and healthcare professionals to educate parents on the proper occupant protection usage of child safety seats.
    Expand the collaboration with hospitals and healthcare professionals to educate unrestrained occupants following an injury crash on the importance of properly using safety belts.
    Expand the number of child safety seat inspection stations and recruit and certify additional child passenger safety technicians.
    Increase the emphasis on special occupant protection mobilizations that include public information campaigns and selective traffic enforcement programs (e.g., Click It or Ticket, Drive Sober or Get Pulled Over, etc.); the number of law enforcement agencies applying for traffic enforcement funding.
    Use media to educate drivers on the potential outcomes of being unrestrained in a vehicle during a crash.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Aggressively enforce the primary safety belt component of the GDL law; enforce the child safety seat and booster seat laws.
    Encourage law enforcement to enact a zero-tolerance policy when enforcing the secondary occupant protection law through collaboration with Missouri Police Chiefs Association, Missouri Sheriffs Association, etc.; the use of coordinated multijurisdictional enforcement activities addressing high-risk driving behaviors (e.g., use of safety belts, aggressive driving, speeding, substance- impaired driving, etc.).
    Expand enforcement activities during nighttime conditions for all occupant protection laws.
    Maintain heavy and steady enforcement efforts of occupant protection throughout the year.
  Incident Management/EMS
    Utilize first responder personnel in traffic safety education on importance of safety belt and child safety seat usage.        
      **High-Risk Driving & Unrestrained Occupants – Young Driver (15 - 20 years of age)**

        **EA Type:**
      	Behavioral**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Enact legislation requiring behind-the-wheel drivers education for all new drivers.
    Enact legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Enhance GDL law components to include passenger restrictions, stricter curfews, increased supervised driving hours and restricted cell phone use.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
    Explore and expand driver testing requirements and procedures.
    Reinstitute drivers education courses in all high schools.
  Education
    Develop a plan to expand the awareness and use of In Case of Emergency (ICE) to encourage people to enter emergency contact information in their mobile phone.
    Educate all drivers and passengers on the importance of understanding and accepting full responsibility for their safety, and the safety of others, while driving/riding.
    Educate judges and prosecutors on the importance of enforcing the GDL law.
    Educate on the use of safety belts - every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME, day and night.
    Educate parents/guardians about the availability of in-vehicle driver monitoring devices.
    Educate parents/guardians on apps that can be installed on phones to track driving performance for their young driver.
    Educate parents/guardians on enhanced vehicles for their young drivers.
    Educate parents/guardians on the importance of open communication with their young drivers regarding high-risk driving behaviors including parent/young driver agreements (e.g., distractions/drowsiness, substance-impairment, safety belt use, driver responsibility for passengers, etc.).
    Educate parents/guardians on the importance of purchasing safety.
    Educate roadway users on following traffic laws, rules of the road/courteous driving.
    Educate young drivers on all aspects of safe driving and rules of the road (e.g., aggressive, distracted, substance-impaired, fatigued driving, safety belt use, etc.).
    Encourage emergency contact information to be place in the vehicle; use of Yellow Dot Program that is designed to improve emergency care to motorist involved in crashes.
    Encourage parents/guardians, schools and employers to participate in the First Impact and TRACTION programs; young drivers to participate in automobile insurance provided safety incentive programs.
    Encourage strict enforcement of the GDL law (e.g., curfew, safety belt use, passenger restrictions, focusing on graduated driver’s license charge codes, etc.); strict enforcement of texting law; use of phone disabling technology while driving.
    Expand the availability of driver education programs for young drivers (e.g., classes, web-based, eLearning, etc.); peer-to-peer training on safe driving habits and being a safe/respectful passenger.
    Utilize web-based and eLearning driver training education programs starting before age 15.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Expand law enforcement participation in the Youth Safety Belt Enforcement Campaign initiative and other youth enforcement campaigns.
  Data
    Explore ways to track and evaluate enforcement of the GDL law.        
      **Serious Crash Type: Lane Departure – Run-off-Road (Not in Curve)**

        **EA Type:**
      	Infrastructure**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Encourage and support legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
  Engineering
    Expand and improve shoulder treatments (e.g., pave shoulders, eliminate edge drop-offs, etc.).
    Expand, improve and maintain roadway visibility features (e.g., brighter stripes, delineation, etc.).
    Improve road surface friction and drainage.
    Install center and edgeline rumble strips/stripes.
    Install Safety EdgeTM (creating a 30-degree wedge at the edge of pavement).
    Remove, shield, and /or delineate roadside obstacles when possible.
    Support emerging technologies to reduce distracted driving (e.g., in vehicle, mobile app restrictions, etc.).
    Support in-vehicle edgeline and lane proximity warning devices.
    Support vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication to warn drivers of imminent safety concerns (e.g., blind spot monitoring, upcoming curve, adverse pavement conditions, etc.).
  Education
    Educate roadway users about the dangers of aggressive, distracted, substance-impaired, and fatigued driving during every trip, EVERY TIME.
    Educate roadway users on dangers of using cruise control during rainy and adverse weather conditions or curvy roadways.
    Educate roadway users on following traffic laws, rules of the road/ courteous driving.
    Educate roadway users on the use of safety belts and child safety seats - every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME, day and night.
    Educate trauma centers and EMS personnel on emerging technologies being incorporated in vehicles.
    Train and educate drivers how to safely recover after leaving the roadway (e.g., educational videos, literature, driver’s education manual, hands-on training courses, etc.).
    Use media to educate drivers on the potential causes and outcomes of run-off-road crashes.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Encourage use of coordinated multijurisdictional enforcement activities addressing high-risk driving behaviors (e.g., use of safety belts and child safety seats, aggressive driving, speeding, substance-impaired, etc.).
    Expand enforcement activities during nighttime conditions.
    Include law enforcement participation in road safety assessments.
    Increase targeted high-visibility enforcement on high-crash roadways/corridors.
    Use enforcement to reduce high-risk driving behaviors (e.g., aggressive, substance-impaired, distracted driving, drowsy driving, etc.).
  Data
    Utilize safety data analysis tools when designing roadways (e.g., Highway Safety Manual).
  Incident Management/EMS
    Continue to improve emergency response time through multidisciplinary training, better planning, new technologies and enhanced communication.
    Encourage emergency response participation in road safety assessments.        
      **Serious Crash Types: Lane Departure – Collision with Tree and/or Utility Pole**

        **EA Type:**
      	Infrastructure**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
    Improve policies on permitted work to ensure clear zones are maintained on right of ways.
    Support legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
  Engineering
    Expand, improve and maintain roadway visibility features (e.g., brighter stripes, delineation, pavement markings, lighting, etc.).
    Install, improve and maintain shoulders, (e.g., rumble strips/stripes, etc.).
    Provide adequate clear zones (e.g., consider clearing or shielding fixed objects beyond clear zones); utility pole delineation (e.g., reflectors) when relocation is not an option.
    Relocate utility poles, provide underground utilities or install breakaway structures.
    Remove trees from the right-of-way that could be struck by an errant vehicle; shield, and /or delineate trees, utility poles or other fixed objects when practical or when warranted.
    Support in-vehicle edgeline and lane proximity warning devices; emerging technologies that reduce distracted driving (e.g., in vehicle, mobile app restrictions, etc.); vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication to warn drivers of imminent safety concerns (e.g., blind spot monitoring, upcoming curve, adverse pavement conditions, etc.).
  Education
    Educate property owners and utility companies on how to create/maintain a safe roadside clear zone and its relevance to traffic safety.
    Educate roadway users about the dangers of aggressive, distracted, substance-impaired, and fatigued driving during every trip, EVERY TIME.
    Educate roadway users on following traffic laws, rules of the road/courteous driving.
    Educate roadway users on the dangers of using cruise control during rainy and adverse weather conditions or curvy roadways.
    Educate roadway users on the use of safety belts and child safety seats - every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME, day and night.
    Educate trauma centers and EMS personnel on emerging technologies being incorporated into vehicles.
    Encourage companies to bury utilities, where practical; property owners to remove trees near right-of-way.
    Train and educate drivers how to safely recover after leaving the roadway (e.g., educational videos, literature, driver’s education manual, hands-on training courses, etc.).
    Use media to educate drivers on the potential causes and outcomes of run-off-road crashes.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Expand enforcement activities during nighttime conditions.
    Include law enforcement participation in road safety assessments.
    Increase targeted high-visibility enforcement on high-crash roadways/corridors.
  Incident Management/EMS
    Continue to improve emergency response time through multidisciplinary training, better planning, new technologies and enhanced communication.        
      **Serious Crash Types: Lane Departure – Head-on**

        **EA Type:**
      	Infrastructure**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Encourage and support legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
  Engineering
    Construct alternating passing lanes along high-priority rural two-lane roadways/corridors
    Install centerline rumble stripes and/or consider a painted buffer between opposing lanes of travel; median guard cable or equivalent barrier; lighting at ramp terminals.
    Install/enhance signing and pavement marking at ramp terminals to properly indicate the direction of traffic.
    Make crossing a solid double yellow center stripe a traffic violation.
    Support in-vehicle edgeline and lane proximity warning devices; emerging technologies that reduce distracted driving (e.g., in vehicle, mobile app restrictions, etc.); vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication to warn drivers of imminent safety concerns (e.g., blind spot monitoring, head-on collision, adverse pavement conditions, etc.).
    Use flashing wrong-way signs and driver notification on dynamic message signs to warn of wrong-way drivers; use wrong-way warning systems to notify law enforcement when wrong-way vehicles are detected.
    Use pavement markings to establish appropriate no-passing zones.
  Education
    Educate older drivers on safe driving practices and crash avoidance techniques.
    Educate roadway users about the dangers of aggressive, distracted, substance-impaired, and fatigued driving during every trip, EVERY TIME.
    Educate roadway users on basic signing/markings (e.g., passing zones and keep right of median).
    Educate roadway users on following traffic laws, rules of the road and courteous driving.
    Educate roadway users on passing lanes, no-passing zone markings and the function of alternating passing lanes.
    Educate roadway users on the dangers of using cruise control during rainy and adverse weather conditions as well as on curvy roadways.
    Educate roadway users on the importance of driving in the right-most lane to minimize risk of wrong-way or cross-median crash types.
    Educate roadway users on the use of safety belts and child safety seats - every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME, day and night.
    Train and educate drivers how to safely recover after leaving the roadway (e.g., educational videos, literature, driver’s education manual, and hands-on training courses).
    Use media to educate drivers on the potential causes and outcomes of crashes.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Encourage use of coordinated multijurisdictional enforcement activities addressing high-risk driving behavior (e.g., use of safety belts and child safety seats, aggressive driving, speeding, substance-impaired, etc.).
    Expand enforcement activities during nighttime conditions.
    Include law enforcement participation in road safety assessments.
    Increase targeted high-visibility enforcement on high- crash roadways/corridors.
    Promote the importance of citing and warning older drivers for driving violations.
    Strictly enforce vehicle passing laws.
    Use enforcement to reduce high-risk driving behaviors (e.g., aggressive, substance-impaired, distracted driving, drowsy driving, etc.).
  Incident Management/EMS
    Continue to improve emergency response time through multidisciplinary training, better planning, new technologies and enhanced communication.
    Educate trauma centers and EMS personnel on emerging technologies being incorporated into vehicles.        
      **Serious Crash Types: Lane Departure – Run-off-Road (In a Curve)**

        **EA Type:**
      	Infrastructure**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Encourage and support legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
  Engineering
    Add interactive advance speed warning signs.
    Expand, improve and maintain roadway visibility features (e.g., chevron/curve warning signs, speed advisory plaques, pavement markings, lighting, etc.).
    Expand, improve and maintain shoulder treatments (e.g., pave shoulders, eliminate edge drop-offs, etc.).
    Increase pavement friction and/or consider the application of High Friction Surface Treatment (HFST).
    Install center and edgeline rumble strips/stripes, transverse rumble strips.
    Install sequential flashing chevrons, in-pavement illumination, sensors to detect vehicle height and warn about the potential for overturning.
    Modify roadway geometry by improving super-elevation and widening lanes in curves.
    Remove, shield, and /or delineate roadside obstacles when possible.
    Support in-vehicle edgeline and lane proximity warning devices; emerging technologies that reduce distracted driving (e.g., in vehicle, mobile app restrictions, etc.); vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication to warn drivers of imminent safety concerns (e.g., blind spot monitoring, upcoming curve, adverse pavement conditions, etc.).
    Use traffic calming practices to reduce speeds in advance of curves.
  Education
    Continue to improve emergency response time through multidisciplinary training, better planning, new technologies and enhanced communication.
    Educate roadway users about the dangers of aggressive, distracted, substance-impaired, and fatigued driving during every trip, EVERY TIME.
    Educate roadway users on dangers of using cruise control during rainy and adverse weather conditions as well as on curvy roadways.
    Educate roadway users on following traffic laws, rules of the road and courteous driving.
    Educate roadway users on the use of safety belts and child safety seats - every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME, day and night.
    Educate trauma centers and EMS personnel on emerging technologies being incorporated in vehicles.
    Train and educate drivers how to safely recover after leaving the roadway (e.g., educational videos, literature, driver’s education manual, hands-on training courses, etc.).
    Use media to educate drivers on the potential causes and outcomes of crashes.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Encourage use of coordinated multijurisdictional enforcement activities addressing high-risk driving behavior (e.g., use of safety belts and child safety seats, aggressive driving, speeding, substance-impaired, etc.).
    Expand enforcement activities during nighttime conditions.
    Include law enforcement participation in road safety assessments.
    Increase targeted high-visibility enforcement on high-crash roadways/corridors.
    Use enforcement to reduce high-risk driving behaviors (e.g., aggressive, substance-impaired, distracted driving, drowsy driving, etc.).
  Data
    Utilize safety data analysis tools when designing roadways (e.g., Highway Safety Manual, etc.).        
      **Serious Crash Types: Non-Signalized Intersections**

        **EA Type:**
      	Infrastructure**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Enact legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
  Engineering
    Implement innovative intersection designs by installing roundabouts and J-turns; constructing offset turn lanes to reduce obstructed views; using traffic calming strategies (e.g., narrowing lanes, etc.); installing pedestrian crossing islands.
    Improve intersection awareness by installing stop-approach transverse rumble strips; improving sight distance; installing dynamic flashing warning signs; improving signage and intersection visibility (e.g., doubling of signs, enhanced marking, use delineators at intersections, etc.).
    Increase pavement friction and/or consider the application of High Friction Surface Treatment (HFST).
    Install pedestrian crossings, signing and markings.
    Install turn lanes (offset design preferred).
    Promote resources for potential intersection treatments to improve safety (e.g., Unsignalized Intersection Improvement Guide, etc.).
    Support emerging technologies that reduce distracted driving (e.g., in vehicle, mobile app restrictions, etc.).
    Support in-vehicle collision warning system and avoidance systems.
    Support vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication to warn drivers of imminent safety concerns (e.g., approaching traffic, stop ahead, etc.).
    Use proper planning and design of access to public roadways closing unnecessary entrances and minimize access points; considering restriction of certain turning movements; considering geometric improvements to deceleration lanes, acceleration lanes and ramps.
  Education
    Develop and promote fitness-to-drive screening and assessment tools relevant to professionals, older drivers, and community members.
    Educate older drivers on safe driving practices and crash avoidance techniques; on safe driving habits and practices, including how to select a car with advanced safety features.
    Educate pedestrians on safe street crossing practices.
    Educate roadway users about the dangers of aggressive, distracted, substance-impaired, and fatigued driving during every trip, EVERY TIME.
    Educate roadway users on following traffic laws, rules of the road/ courteous driving.
    Educate roadway users on innovative intersection designs (e.g., J-turns, roundabouts, etc.).
    Educate roadway users on intersection traffic controls (e.g., when to yield, right of way, vehicle positioning, etc.).
    Educate roadway users on the use of safety belts and child safety seats- every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME, day and night
    Educate trauma centers and EMS personnel on emerging technologies being incorporated into vehicles.
    Increase and promote the availability of alternative transportation options for older drivers, including how to find and use these alternatives.
    Provide educational emphasis to older drivers through publications/organizations (e.g., AARP, AAA, AOTA, etc.).
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Enforce pedestrian crosswalk violations.
    Expand enforcement activities during nighttime conditions.
    Include law enforcement participation in road safety assessments.
    Increase targeted high-visibility enforcement at high-crash intersections.
    Use enforcement to reduce high-risk driving behaviors (e.g., aggressive, substance-impaired, distracted driving, drowsy driving, etc.).
  Incident Management/EMS
    Continue to improve emergency response time through multidisciplinary training, better planning, new technologies and enhanced communication.        
      **Serious Crash Types: Signalized Intersections**

        **EA Type:**
      	Infrastructure**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Enact legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
  Engineering
    Dynamically adjust signal timings to account for variable traffic speeds due to weather, congestion, etc.
    Implement innovative engineering designs by considering converting signalized intersections to alternative designs; diverging diamond interchanges; continuous flow intersection designs; roundabouts; constructing offset turn lanes.
    Improve intersection awareness by improving sight distance; improving signage and intersection visibility (e.g., doubling of signs, enhanced markings, use delineators at intersections, etc.); installing or enhancing intersection lighting; using retroreflective backplates for signal heads where appropriate; using 12-inch LED signal indicators with backplates; installing additional signal indicators where sight distance of signal heads may be a concern.
    Increase pavement friction and/or consider the application of High Friction Surface Treatment (HFST).
    Install battery backup systems; pedestrian crossings, signing, markings and countdown timers.
    Modify signal phasing and timing by protecting left-turn movements; providing adequate clearance times (using Institute of Transportation Engineers guidelines); using technology (dilemma zone protection) to minimize red-light running violations; providing flashing yellow arrows for permissive left-turn movements; eliminating late-night flash at signalized intersections; providing signal timing that accommodates safe pedestrian movements (e.g., leading interval, variable timing, etc.).
    Replace traffic signals with roundabouts.
    Support in-vehicle collision warning system and avoidance systems; emerging technologies that reduce distracted driving (e.g., in vehicle, mobile app restrictions, etc.); vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication to warn drivers of imminent safety concerns (e.g., red-light running, stop ahead, etc.).
    Support installation of priority control systems for emergency vehicles.
    Use advance, dynamic signal warning system to prepare drivers to stop at a red light ahead.
    Use proper planning and design to manage accesses of nearby businesses.
    Use traffic calming strategies (e.g., narrowing lanes, etc.); installing pedestrian crossing islands.
  Education
    Develop and promote fitness-to-drive screening and assessment tools relevant to professionals, older drivers, and community members.
    Educate older drivers on safe driving practices and crash avoidance techniques.
    Educate pedestrians on safe street crossing practices.
    Educate roadway users about the dangers of aggressive, distracted, substance-impaired, and fatigued driving during every trip, EVERY TIME.
    Educate roadway users following traffic laws, rules of the road/ courteous driving.
    Educate roadway users on innovative intersection designs (e.g., diverging diamond, continuous flow intersection, etc.).
    Educate roadway users on intersection traffic controls (e.g., flashing yellow arrow, loss of power, etc.).
    Educate roadway users on the use of safety belts and child safety seats every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME - day and night.
    Educate trauma centers and EMS personnel on emerging technologies being incorporated into vehicles.
    Increase and promote the availability of alternative transportation options for older drivers, including how to find and use these alternatives.
    Provide educational emphasis to older drivers through publications/organizations (e.g., AARP, AAA, AOTA, etc.).
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Enforce pedestrian crosswalk violations.
    Expand enforcement activities during nighttime conditions.
    Include law enforcement participation in road safety assessments.
    Increase enforcement to reduce red-light violations (e.g., confirmation lights, automated enforcement, etc.); targeted high-visibility enforcement at high-crash intersections.
    Monitor the use of automated enforcement and encourage best practices.
    Support targeted enforcement on high-incident intersections or roadway segments.
    Use enforcement to reduce high-risk driving behaviors (e.g., aggressive, substance-impaired, distracted driving, drowsy driving, etc.).
  Incident Management/EMS
    Continue to improve emergency response time through multidisciplinary training, better planning, new technologies and enhanced communication.        
      **Special Roadway Environments – Highway / Rail Crossing**

        **EA Type:**
      	Infrastructure**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Actively encourage Federal Railroad Administration to regulate blocked crossings so that drivers do not attempt to beat the train.
    Enact legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
  Engineering
    Create grade separated crossings (i.e., overpass or under-pass the highway rail).
    Encourage the closure of redundant crossings to redirect traffic to crossings with the latest safety equipment.
    Encourage use of alternative safety devices at railroad crossings including the use of walk/don’t walk lights on sidewalks and auxiliary pole lighting to further illuminate crossing at night.
    Encourage use of double gate arms at crossings or arms that extend across both lanes of traffic.
    Encourage use of median barriers on both sides of railroad crossing to deter driving around gates.
    Expand current light and gate projects.
    Improve sight distance at crossings to ensure clear zones (e.g. trimming trees, clearing brush, etc.).
    Install retro-reflective strips on appropriate signs; auxiliary lanes for vehicles that are required to stop at all rail crossings.
    Modify locations without sufficient vehicle storage space.
    Use automated enforcement to identify gate violations.
  Education
    Educate and train EMS, fire and law enforcement personnel on the particular challenges of train/vehicle crashes and train derailments.
    Promote Operation Lifesaver’s “See Tracks? Think Train!” message; resources, statistics and training.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Aggressively enforce laws against driving around lowered gates; commercial motor vehicle drivers pulling onto railroad tracks without sufficient space to clear the tracks.
    Encourage use of automated enforcement at railroad crossings; law enforcement to team up with railroad industry to conduct “Officer on the Train” enforcement days.        
      **Special Roadway Environments – Nighttime Driving**

        **EA Type:**
      	Other**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Enact a primary safety belt law to include all seating positions.
    Enact legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Encourage automobile industry to develop an early warning system to notify oncoming traffic of an incident ahead; offer polarized windshields.
    Evaluate GDL for strengthening opportunities for night- time curfew.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
  Engineering
    Add structures or other measures to mitigate vehicle to wildlife collisions.
    Expand and maintain roadway visibility features for all weather conditions (e.g., brighter stripes, delineation, signs, etc.).
    Install center and edgeline strips/stripes and rumble stripes; roadway lighting where appropriate; Safety EdgeTM.
    Minimize edge drop-offs.
    Use flashing wrong-way signs and dynamic message signs to alert wrong-way drivers and general public.
  Education
    Educate and encourage the use of in-vehicle edgeline and lane proximity warning devices to warn drivers before they leave the roadway or cross the center line.
    Educate drivers and encourage the use of vehicle technology to recognize moving objects near roadway, automatic-dimming headlights, adaptive cruise control, etc.
    Educate first responders and motorists on importance of entering and accessing emergency contact information into cell phones.
    Educate parents and guardians on GDL restrictions for nighttime driving.
    Educate public about nighttime driving safety tips (e.g., dim headlights for on-coming vehicles, slow down, watch for unexpected pedestrians or bicyclists, etc.).
    Educate public on how to exit a vehicle and stay off roadway, (e.g., when waiting for tow truck, when involved in a crash, etc.); on purpose/use of mile marker posts.
    Educate public on the dangers of distracted driving (e.g., texting, technology installed in vehicle, technology installed on phone, etc.).
    Educate public on the use of safety belts and child safety seats; every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME - day and night – about the risks associated with nighttime driving (e.g., substance impaired, drowsy driving, limited sight distance, head light glare, etc.).
    Provide emergency response driver training to include emphasis on proper safety belt usage.
    TIM training for emergency responders by using post incident reviews to improve incident management practices.
    Use flyers, video, social media, press releases, DMS boards and fact sheets to educate motorists on dangers of nighttime driving.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Enforce GDL law (e.g., curfew, etc.).
    Expand the number of nighttime sobriety checkpoints/ alcohol saturation patrols.
    Support targeted nighttime enforcement along high-crash corridors by using crash reporting and mapping data for identification.
    Use enforcement to increase nighttime safety belt use.
  Incident Management/EMS
    Continue to improve emergency response time through better planning and communication.
    Ensure all emergency responders are visible to all road-way users (e.g., emergency lighting, scene lighting, approved personal protection equipment (PPE), etc.).        
      **Special Roadway Environments – Traffic Incident Management Area**

        **EA Type:**
      	Incident Management/EMS**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Enact legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
    Inform local agencies of availability of local MSHP troop training.
  Engineering
    Add crash pull off sites.
    Continue to expand access to systems such as Dynamic Message Signs (DMS) and other systems that can display incident information.
    Create barrier openings or emergency crossovers where needed/appropriate.
    Deploy technology to allow for quick crash scene assessment and investigations for quicker clearance.
    Design/modify identified incident bypass routes to accommodate interstate traffic (e.g., increase turning radii, improve pavement condition, add shoulders, replace bridges, etc.).
    Encourage use of interoperable emergency communication equipment (e.g., compatible radio systems to enhance TIM operations, etc.).
    Use technology/innovation to support TIM (e.g., mobile apps, etc.).
    Work with response partners to expand the use of mile markers on priority incident corridors.
  Education
    Develop app, flyers, social media, video and PSAs to educate public on In Case of Emergency (ICE).
    Educate responders on the importance of incident management and quick clearance practices; on how to maneuver incident scene to keep traffic lanes open at crash location; and motorists on importance of entering and accessing emergency contact information in cell phones.
    Educate the public about the dangers of exiting a disabled or crashed vehicle; about the availability and use of real time traffic information tools (e.g., MoDOT mobile app, traveler information map, etc.); on Missouri’s Move Over Law and Move It Law.
    Encourage scheduling of clean up during off-peak, planned times.
    Enhance training for all responders on skills to deal with CMV, new technologies, alternative fuels, extraction and safe vehicle operation.
    Increase public awareness of the importance of yielding the right of way to emergency vehicles and raise public and law enforcement awareness of Move Over and Move It laws; moving disabled vehicles involved in non-injury crashes from the roadway as soon as practical to keep these vehicles from potentially obstructing emergency vehicle access to the crash scene.
    Move It Law – TIM training.
    Move Over Law – educate enforcement on grants available.
    Promote other successful state programs such as Yellow Dot program (on windshield) which indicates emergency information in glove compartment.
    Promote Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP2) TIM Responder Safety Training (e.g., multidisciplinary, towing, EMS, DOT, fire, media, law enforcement, hazmat, etc.); educate on the importance of utilizing high-visibility apparel for emergency responders in all lighting conditions.
    Provide training on emergency traffic control to all responders.
    Require IS-100 and IS-700 National Incident Management Structure (NIMS) training courses for all responders.
    Support training for law enforcement on the 2012 Missouri Uniform Traffic Crash Report to enable development of a baseline for crashes involving emergency response vehicles and secondary crashes.
    Work with all responders and agencies to promote and endorse a statewide “Open Roads Philosophy” with TIM training.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Increase the enforcement of Missouri’s Move Over Law and utilization of Move It Law.
  Data
    Integrate CADD/911 feeds into TMCs and ATMS software for quicker incident notification.
    Link EMS data with crash data.
  Incident Management/EMS
    Coordinate, develop, and implement incident management plans for interstate and high-priority corridors with enforcement.        
      **Special Roadway Environments – Work Zone**

        **EA Type:**
      	Infrastructure**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Consider contractor incentives for safe, visible and timely work zones.
    Enact legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Encourage industry to develop an on-site emergency warning system to warn oncoming motorists of an incident ahead by broadcasting a warning.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
    Implement contractor submittal of worker and traffic safety plans; sequential lighting in nighttime, rural, multi-lane divided roadway work zones.
    Include contractors or local partners in work zone reviews.
    Utilize MoDOT EPG and available tools and/or appropriate local policies or guides.
    Verify flagging personnel are certified flaggers.
  Engineering
    Deploy and implement work zone mobility coordination to provide engineering expertise for monitoring performance of the work zone.
    Develop traffic management plans utilizing multidisciplinary teams to minimize work zone impacts, manage queue length and speeds.
    Encourage increased use of work zone inspections, training, typical application (TAs) and traffic control plans; use of pilot cars when appropriate.
    Ensure work zones are properly set up (e.g., signs, barricades, delineators, etc.) and maintained through the life of the project.
    Investigate use of autonomous Truck Mounted Attenuator (TMA).
    Use dynamic message signs to display work zone alerts and safety messages.
    Use simulation models to determine work zone impacts on traveling public and install advanced warning indicators if necessary.
    Use technology to minimize exposure to highway maintenance and construction workers.
    Use technology to monitor speeds, delays and queues and provide advance warning to motorists as they approach the work zone.
    Use traveler information tools to display work zone impacts to motorists (e.g., MoDOT’s mobile app, press releases, KC Scout, Gateway Guide, Ozark Traffic, etc.).
  Education
    Conduct flagger training or refresher courses on proper flagging procedures (e.g., utilize Missouri LTAP for training, etc.).
    Educate all law enforcement on work zone crash reporting through STARS training from MSHP.
    Educate drivers on their responsibilities to safely drive through all work zones (e.g., using videos, social media, press releases, PSA, etc.).
    Educate first responders on the importance of incident management and quick clearance practices within work zones using Traffic Incident Management (TIM) responder training.
    Educate maintenance, construction, utilities and local agencies about the benefits of wearing required personal protection equipment.
    Educate the public on the use of safety belts and child safety seats - every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME, day and night.
    Educate workers on the importance of setting up work zones to account for and reduce sun glare.
    Emphasize work zone safety at internal MoDOT and external partner meetings (e.g., contractors, suppliers, LPAs, etc.).
    Encourage cross training with multiple disciplines (e.g., contractors, police, fire, EMS, towing, etc.).
    Maintain work zone safety training for contractors, engineers, maintenance personnel and law enforcement.
    Promote “Rate Our Work Zone” survey campaign to the general public (e.g., using social media, press release, mailings, signs, etc.).
    TIM responder training; include EMS in TIM implementation plan and through corridor teams.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Ensure law enforcement personnel wear high-visibility apparel.
    Increase active and/or passive enforcement in work zones by providing grants and continuing to work with MoDOT districts to identify priority work zones.
  Data
    Consider updating MSHP crash report to better capture work zone information (e.g., active, non-active, stationary, mobile, etc.).
    Encourage the expansion of traffic data for more accurate detection and monitoring of stopped or slowed traffic.
  Incident Management/EMS
    Coordinate with EMS and tow truck companies to ensure close proximity to work zone for quick response.
    Ensure emergency response personnel wear high-visibility apparel.        
      **Special Vehicles – All-Terrain Vehicles (ATV’s) / Utility Vehicles (UTV’s)**

        **EA Type:**
      	Other**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Invite Farm Bureau and/or Department of Agriculture to participate in the Missouri Coalition for Roadway Safety (MCRS).
    Work with state legislators to include clarifying language for use of UTVs on roadways to address definitions of ATV, UTV/recreational off-highway vehicle (ROV).
  Education
    Conduct public information and education programs on the laws and requirements specific to ATV/UTV operation and on the dangers of carrying passengers upon these vehicles.
    Educate ATV/UTV operators and riders about the importance of wearing protective gear, especially helmets and safety belt usage when operating UTVs; dangers of substance-impaired driving/riding.
    Increase the awareness and availability of hands-on ATV/ UTV safety training courses.
    Partner with the agriculture community (e.g., Farm Bureau, FFA, 4H, University of Missouri Extension, etc.) to share safety tips about operating ATVs/UTVs in rural areas and on rural roads.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Increase enforcement of Missouri laws pertaining to ATVs/ UTVs especially those pertaining to operation of ATVs/UTVs on streets and highways, having a valid license, operating the vehicle while substance-impaired, passenger restrictions, and the usage of safety devices.
  Data
    Consider updating Missouri Uniform Crash Report to clearly distinguish UTVs.        
      **Special Vehicles – Commercial Motor Vehicles (CMV’s)**

        **EA Type:**
      	CMV/Heavy Vehicles**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Enact legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
    Implement a comprehensive mechanic inspection procedure outreach program.
    Participate in Operation Safe Driver, Brake Safety Week and Road Check Programs.
  Engineering
    Consider installing video boards at truck stops and/or rest areas to help convey current roadway conditions to drivers.
    Continue to encourage usage of crash avoidance technologies through carriers.
    Deploy use of parking space counters/systems to better inform CMV operators of parking availability at rest areas including other truck parking projects per Jason’s Law.
    Explore expanding virtual inspection and other technology enforcement opportunities.
    Explore “leveraging dollars for technology” by approaching large carriers to champion the use of vehicle technologies.
    Initiate appropriate engineering interventions on high-incident corridors (e.g., height activated flashing beacons, speed activated, etc.).
    Use Kansas City Scout, St. Louis Gateway Guide, and Transportation Management Center of the Ozarks incident notification systems to alert drivers further upstream of incidents; e-Updates to notify CMV drivers of roadway issues.
  Education
    Develop awareness program to increase use of safety belts among CMV drivers.
    Educate CMV drivers on expectations of emergency response personnel after a crash; first responders about hazardous materials when responding and working a CMV crash.
    Educate law enforcement, EMS and tow truck operators on quick clearance practices/Traffic Incident Management (TIM).
    Educate roadway users, motor carriers and the agricultural community on CMV performance, visibility and regulations.
    Educate trucking companies on the need to enforce and implement safety belt policies for their employees.
    Encourage Department of Revenue to prepare and post videos for CMV drivers in preparation of license application and renewals; CMV employers to educate drivers on benefits of health and fatigue management.
    Enhance TIM training for local responders (approaching and safely handling a CMV crash).
    Expand CMV educational programs and events to include those such as No-Zone, National Truck Driver Appreciation Week, Road Check, Brake Safety Week, Operation Safe Driver, MoDOT’s Commercial Vehicle Awareness Week (yearly in April), Teens and Trucks (CVSA sponsored program), Distracted Driving.
    Explore development of a State Road Team to educate roadway users on how to safely share the road with large trucks.
    Improve emergency response time through multidisciplinary training, better planning and enhanced communication.
    Incorporate into driver education program presentations on how to safely operate around and share the road with CMVs.
    Incorporate “Share the Road” slogan in press releases and promotional events.
    Increase the use of dynamic message signs to promote CMV safety messages to motorists.
    Provide training to law enforcement officers on stop-and- approach techniques for CMV.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Continue enforcement efforts at fixed scale locations on high-incident corridor routes.
    Enforce appropriate CMV laws, (e.g., primary safety belt usage, hands-free mobile device use, etc.).
    Expand enforcement on rural and urban high-incident corridors (as identified in the Commercial Vehicle Safety Plan (CVSP).
    Maintain the commercial motor vehicle and motor coach inspection program with the Motor Carrier Safety Assistance Program partners; the new entrant audit program.        
      **Special Vehicles – School Buses**

        **EA Type:**
      	CMV/Heavy Vehicles**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Continue to have MCRS members serving on School Bus Task Force.
    Enact legislation to restrict all cell phone use while driving.
    Encourage school districts to purchase buses with passenger restraint systems.
    Expand current legislation to restrict texting for all drivers.
    Work with bus drivers, bus contractors and school districts to select stops with proper sight distance and consolidate bus stops when/where possible.
  Engineering
    Deploy automated enforcement on buses to capture stop-arm violations (e.g., cameras, etc.); cameras to enable school bus drivers to see blind spots during pick-ups and drop-offs.
    Explore building areas/opportunities for school buses to pull off the traveled portion of a roadway to safely load and unload students in safe zones.
    Install and maintain proper speed limits and high-visibility signing for all school zones.
  Education
    Educate local entities about proper signing and speed limits for school zones.
    Educate roadway users about school bus laws and regulations through use of media and social media.
    Educate school bus drivers and riders about school bus safety in and around the school bus.
    Educate school bus drivers, bus contractors and school districts on the importance of selecting safe pick-up and drop-off locations for passengers.
    Educate school districts on rules and regulations for school bus operation; on proper use of child passenger safety on school buses.
    Educate students and parents about school bus safety before the school year begins and routinely throughout the year.
    Educate students, parents, and school bus drivers on the proper use of safety equipment and safety procedures.
    Encourage Department of Elementary and Secondary Education (DESE), Missouri State Highway Patrol (MSHP) and MoDOT Traffic and Highway Safety Office to continue working with school districts regarding driver and bus safety.
    Ensure the school bus driver training program curriculum is current.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Encourage school districts to work with local law enforcement on observed violations of stop/signal arm violations.
    Enforce stop arm and signal violations (e.g., Officer-On- The-Bus program, etc.).        
      **Vulnerable Roadway Users – Bicyclists**

        no result**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Consider expansion of Move Over Law to include stranded motorist or other vulnerable roadway users.
    Encourage municipalities to become a bicycle-friendly community.
    Increase the number of communities with bicycle helmet ordinances.
    Support Complete Streets Policy and Implementation and Livable Communities Initiatives, in accordance with state law.
  Engineering
    Continue to fund and implement the Safe Routes to School program through the Transportation Alternatives.
    Create and implement a bike network plan with the goal of improving the viability of this travel mode and encouraging its use.
    Install “Share the Road” signs where appropriate; “Bike Route” wayfinding signage for direction and distance to destinations; bike marking where appropriate (e.g., bike lanes, bike boxes at intersections, etc.); protected bike lanes where practical; four-foot wide minimum shoulders where appropriate; signals with technology that detect bicyclists.
    Promote systemic design solutions that reduce conflict points, minimize exposure at roadway crossings, separate modes, and reduce speed when practical.
    Utilize best practices for complete streets design from AASHTO and National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) sources.
  Education
    Develop bicycle safety education and awareness programs targeting healthcare and schools.
    Disseminate bicycling safety messages through the use of social media.
    Educate bicyclists about the dangers of distraction while riding; about the value of wearing personal protective gear, especially bicycle helmets and high- visibility reflective clothing/equipment and bicycle lighting; about increased crash risk during peak travel times.
    Emphasize the importance of a public safety education program that educates drivers and bicyclists on how to safely share the road.
    Encourage or provide best practices training among coalitions (e.g., law enforcement communities, engineering, etc.).
    Improve public awareness to promote safe behavior by all roadway users relative to bicycle traffic.
    Reach out to bicycle advocacy groups to specifically target and address the local bike needs and concerns.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    As appropriate, implement the Enhancing Bicycle Safety: Law Enforcement’s Role made available by NHTSA on-line.
    Enforce traffic laws for both bicyclists and motorists for public safety.
    Integrate vulnerable users into existing high-visibility enforcement and public education campaigns, (i.e., obey all traffic laws).        
      **Vulnerable Roadway Users – Motorcyclists**

        **EA Type:**
      	Vulnerable Users**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Consider the needs of motorcyclists during policy, planning and road maintenance efforts (e.g., placement of raised and low-traction roadway markings, shoulder type and width, work zones, roadside hardware barriers, etc.).
    Ensure that all knowledge tests (e.g., licensing, training, etc.) are validated and consistent, based on Missouri crash data and reviewed every two to three years.
    Increase the penalty for failure to wear a DOT compliant approved motorcycle helmet.
    Maintain Missouri’s all-rider helmet law.
    Revise the definition of a motorcycle to include all motorized bicycles (i.e., scooters), requiring their proper registration, licensing, helmet use and high visibility clothing.
    Revise the definition of a motortricycle to better distinguish between these and other newly designed 3-wheeled vehicles (i.e., autocycles). Include distinguishing characteristics of motortricycles; 1) handlebars for steering and 2) a seat designed to be straddled or sit astride.
    Revise the motorcycle operator learner’s permit to be valid for a maximum of 90 days with a maximum of one renewal.
  Engineering
    Consider paved shoulders in the design of new or reconstructed roadways and review existing roadways where a full paved shoulder is not provided and consider adding a paved shoulder.
    Consider paving a small portion (50 ft.) of an intersecting unpaved roadway approach where sand, gravel or mud is repeatedly brought onto the roadway.
    Establish a routine inspection and maintenance plan to reduce the amount of roadway debris, such as sand, gravel and vehicle spills, also targeting curves and locations with limited maneuvering space.
    Identify motorcycle high-incident corridors and conduct road safety assessments.
    Integrate motorcycles and motorcyclists into the transportation population of new Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) development.
    Plan and implement motorcycle-friendly work zones and sign appropriately for unexpected roadway situations such as uneven surfaces, grooves, milling and/or low shoulders.
  Education
    Educate all riders on the importance of accepting full responsibility for their own safety while riding; on the importance of high-visibility personal protective equipment, DOT compliant helmets and encourage their use when riding.
    Educate general public on the importance of not removing motorcycle riders’ helmets if they are the first on the crash scene due to risks to the motorcyclist; law enforcement officers on the identification of non- compliant DOT approved helmets and the importance of enforcing Missouri’s all-rider helmet law.
    Encourage all motorcycle operators to become properly licensed through education and awareness programs - motorcyclists to ride impairment free and distraction free, through education and awareness programs; motorcycle dealers to promote safe cycling and rules that pertain to customers (e.g., rider education programs, being properly licensed, use of DOT compliant helmets, etc.).
    Ensure adequate availability and access to motorcycle safety training throughout the state.
    Expand programs to educate other roadway users on issues relating to motorcycle operation, visibility and vulnerability.
    Provide in-service training to EMS personnel on crash scene management specific to motorcycle crashes.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Aggressively enforce Missouri’s all-rider helmet law including issuing citations for non-compliant DOT approved helmets.
    Conduct aggressive enforcement on identified high-risk motorcycle crash corridors and roadways.
    Enforce speeding and substance-impaired riding laws; Missouri’s motorcycle license and endorsement laws.
  Data
    Consider a motorcycle Vehicle-Miles-Traveled (VMT) study possibly utilizing vehicle inspection data to more accurately measure motorcycle VMT in Missouri.
  Incident Management/EMS
    Encourage the EMS profession to explore new techniques and technologies to help educate motorcyclists on issues such as rider responsibility and the benefits of wearing full, high-visibility protective equipment.
    Identify opportunities to utilize the EMS Agenda for the Future to promote motorcycle safety.        
      **Vulnerable Roadway Users – Older Driver (Age 65 or Older)**

        **EA Type:**
      	Vulnerable Users**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Continue working with the Subcommittee on Elder Mobility and Safety under the Missouri Coalition for Roadway Safety and other relevant Subcommittees to address older driver needs and issues, such as increasing awareness of driver’s physical mobility limits as they age; research to develop new screen tools for older driver evaluation.
    Develop and evaluate evidence-based fitness-to-drive assessment tools for use by licensing officials, physicians, family members and other professionals.
    Develop and promote fitness-to-drive screening and assessment tools relevant to professionals, older drivers, and community members; tools that prolong safe driving.
    Enact a primary safety belt law that includes all seating positions.
    Encourage planning stakeholders to include input from advocacy groups; support opportunities to advance safety and driving tools that allow people to drive safely for longer.
    Promote the use of short intervention assessment tools to determine fitness-to-drive.
  Engineering
    Expand and maintain roadway visibility features, such as increased miles of stripes on edgeline/centerline.
    Implement wrong-way driving countermeasures.
    Implement, as appropriate, the treatments identified in the Handbook for Designing Roadways for the Aging Population published by the Federal Highway Administration.
    Promote installation of engineered roadway safety features (e.g., highly retro-reflective signs and markings, high friction surface treatments, etc.).
    Recognize and promote importance of new in-vehicle technologies in reducing crashes and injuries (e.g., blind spot warning, adaptive headlights, lane departure warning, etc.).
    Upgrade intersection designs, (e.g., turn lanes, etc.).
    Utilize context-sensitive solutions that promote safety for all roadway users.
  Education
    Create educational material for new roadway infrastructure.
    Develop communication strategies that make understanding the benefits of new technologies easier.
    Educate all drivers and passengers on the importance of understanding and accepting full responsibility for their safety, and the safety of others, while driving/riding unrestrained; consumers on the importance of crashworthiness and crash avoidance technology.
    Educate communities and legislators on the importance of providing more extensive and convenient public transportation in rural areas.
    Educate community organizations and families on the benefits and availability of alternative transportation.
    Educate older drivers and their family members on safe driving habits and practices, including how to select a car with advanced safety features.
    Educate older drivers on properly wearing their safety belt.
    Educate older drivers on the use of safety belts - every trip, everyone, EVERY TIME, day and night – and their family and friends about driving risks associated with certain medications and medical conditions; on engineering designs, (e.g., roundabouts, J-turns, advances in technology, etc.).
    Educate older drivers on ways to improve their safety in a vehicle (e.g., selecting safe trip routes, improving function through exercise, driver training technology, etc.).
    Educate stakeholders (e.g. law enforcement, driver license offices, healthcare professionals, etc.) about medical fitness-to-drive and prolonging safe driving by promoting the value and importance of use of state reporting forms by family, medical professionals and law enforcement.
    Encourage older drivers to participate in safe driving courses (e.g., AARP Driver Safety Course, etc.).
    Encourage use and understanding of safety features such as automatic emergency braking, lane monitoring, driver alertness monitors and autonomous vehicles.
    Engage diverse stakeholders, including dealerships and manufacturers, in promoting new technologies.
    Enhance the discussion of driving retirement and transportation alternatives after giving up the keys.
    Enhance training of law enforcement on identifying potential medical impairments.
    Facilitate public education campaigns that create awareness of older driver safety and the benefits and availability of alternative transportation resources.
    Promote technologies that improve community mobility (e.g., phone apps, car-sharing services, autonomous vehicles, etc.) and recognize that streets should accommodate all road users.
    Promote the availability of alternative transportation options, including how to find and use these alternatives; driver evaluation and rehabilitation as an area of practice.
    Promote the importance of mobility management professionals in key communities across the state; public policies that increase opportunities to use advanced technology.
    Provide educational emphasis to older drivers through publications/organizations (e.g., AARP, AAA, AOTA, etc.).
    Use media to educate drivers on the potential outcomes of being unrestrained in a vehicle during a crash.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Enhance the process of reporting potentially medically-impaired drivers.
    Promote the importance of citing and warning older drivers for driving violations.        
      **Vulnerable Roadway Users – Pedestrians**

        no result**Goals:**
      	The plan does not list goals for this Emphasis Area.**Objectives:**
      	The plan does not list objectives for this Emphasis Area.**Strategies (by type):**Legislative/Policy/Programmatic
    Consider expansion of Move Over Law to include stranded motorist or other vulnerable roadway users.
    Create clear definitions of electric bicycle/tricycle and licensing requirements.
    Develop and implement pedestrian safety action plans for cities.
    Encourage municipalities to become a pedestrian-friendly community.
    Promote anti-harassment laws for pedestrians.
    Support Complete Streets Policy and Implementation and Livable Communities Initiative.
  Engineering
    Consider installing vehicle pull-off areas along roadways to accommodate disabled vehicles.
    Continue to fund and implement the Safe Routes to School program through the Transportation Alternatives.
    Design with pedestrian in mind to reduce conflict points and improve safety at crossings.
    Enhance intersection and roadway design to be more pedestrian friendly including refuge islands and traffic calming designs.
    Expand automated enforcement in school zones.
    Improve lighting in selected urban locations; pedestrian signalization (e.g., countdown pedestrian signals, advanced walk phase, all-scramble walk phase, etc.).
    Install crosswalk signs and pavement markings at all schools; pedestrian mid-block crossing signals.
    Install pedestrian detection sensors to communicate with approaching vehicles.
    Install/improve pedestrian signs, road markings, and devices (e.g., fluorescent and yellow green signs, rectangular rapid flashing beacons, in-roadway lights at crosswalks, etc.).
    Promote systemic design solutions that reduce conflict points, minimize exposure at roadway crossings, separate modes, and reduce speed when practical.
    Provide sidewalks and walkways separate from motor vehicle traffic.
    To identify problem areas, use emerging technologies to count pedestrian traffic at intersections or along roadways as well as identifying driver and pedestrian behavior.
    Upgrade sidewalks and curb ramps to ADA standards.
    Use passive detection devices to extend or shorten the duration of pedestrian signal timing as needed to account for slower moving pedestrians.
    Use pedestrian hybrid beacon formerly known as HAWK (High Intensity Activated Crosswalk Beacons) on non-signalized major roads, stop sign controlled minor roads and mid- block pedestrian crossings.
    Utilize best practices for Complete Streets design from AASHTO and NACTO sources.
  Education
    Develop targeted pedestrian-safety-education programs for high-risk groups (e.g., older adults, parents of toddlers, etc.); promote school and healthcare programs that address pedestrian safety.
    Educate pedestrians on the importance of being visible to motorists (e.g., establish eye contact with drivers, etc.); utilizing crosswalks and obeying crosswalk signals.
    Educate the public about the dangers of exiting and walking around a disabled vehicle or vehicles involved in an incident; distracted pedestrians (e.g., texting, talking, listening to music, etc.).
    Emphasize the importance of a public-safety-education program that educates drivers and pedestrians on how to safely share the road.
    Improve awareness of pedestrians among all roadway users.
    Increase visibility by wearing light-colored, fluorescent, and/or reflective clothing.
  Enforcement/Adjudication
    Increase enforcement of traffic laws to prevent pedestrian injuries and deaths (e.g., failure to use crosswalks, jaywalking, failure of drivers to yield, etc.).
    Recommend targeted speed enforcement in appropriate locations.
		
    			Participants/Stakeholders
        State Gov't – Highway Safety Office/Governor’s Representative
    Missouri Traffic and Highway Safety Division
  State Gov't - Department of Transportation
    Missouri DOT - Community Relations
    Missouri DOT - Design
    Missouri DOT - Design Division
    Missouri DOT - Motor Carriers
    Missouri DOT - Northeast District
    Missouri DOT - St. Louis District
    Missouri DOT - Transportation Planning
  State Gov't - EMS
    Missouri Department of Health & Senior Services (DHSS)/Bureau of EMS
  State Gov't - Law Enforcement/Public Safety
    Missouri Department of Public Safety
    Missouri State Highway Patrol
  State Gov't - Public Health/Human Services
    Missouri Department of Health & Senior Services (DHSS)/Office of Women’s Health
  State Gov't - Other
    Missouri Division of Alcohol and Tobacco Control
    Motor Vehicle & Driver Licensing Division, Department of Revenue
  Metropolitan Planning Organization
    East-West Gateway Council of Governments
    Mid America Regional Council (MARC)
  Local Gov't (county, city, town)
    Boone County Resource Management
  Local Law Enforcement
    Boone County Sheriff’s Department
    Eureka Police Department
    Grundy County Sheriff’s Department
    Jefferson City Police Department
    Kansas City Police Department
    Raytown Police Department
    Weston Police Department
  Federal Gov't - Transportation
    Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) – Division Office
    Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA)
    National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
  University/Transportation Research
    University of Central Missouri (UCM) Missouri Safety Center
  Advocacy/Non-Profit
    Missouri Municipal League
    Missouri Trucking Association
  Hospital/Medical
    Children’s Mercy Hospital
    St. Louis VA Medical Center
    University of Missouri Health System
    Washington University School of Medicine
  Legal
    Buchanan County Prosecutor
  Private Company
    AAA - Auto Club of Missouri U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

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