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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR*

THE FLOODS OF MARCH 1936

PART 3. POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER 

OHIO RIVERS

Prepared in cooperation with the

FEDERAL EMERGENCY ADMINISTRATION

OF PUBLIC WORKS

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 800
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

Harold L. Ickes, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

W. C. Mendenhall, Director

Water-Supply Paper 800

THE FLOODS OF MARCH 1936

PART 3. POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER 

OHIO RIVERS

NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer

With a section on the

WEATHER ASSOCIATED WITH THE FLOODS 

OF MARCH 1936

By STEPHEN LICHTBLAU, U. S. Weather Bureau

Prepared in cooperation with the

FEDERAL EMERGENCY ADMINISTRATION

OF PUBLIC WORKS

UNITED STATES

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON : 1937

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. -------- Price 45 cents
CONTENTS

Abstract............................................................ i

Introduction........................................................ 2

Authorization....................................................... 5

Administration and personnel........................................ 5

Acknowledgments..................................................... 6

General features of the storms...................................... 8

Weather associated with the floods of March 1936, by Stephen

Lichtblau......................................................... 12

Floods of the Potomac, James, and upper Ohio Rivers................. 32

Meteorologic and hydrologic conditions.............................. 41

Precipitation records........................................... 42

General..................................................... 42

Distribution of rainfall.................................... 42

Snow............................................................ 59

General..................................................... 59

Observations of snow depth.................................. 65

Temperature..................................................... 72

Frost in the ground............................................. 74

Determination of flood discharges................................... 75

General discussion.............................................. 75

Extension of rating curves for river-measurement stations....... 77

Computation of flow over dams................................... 78

Computation of flow from slope-area observations................ 80

Computation of flow through contracted openings................. 83

Stages and discharges at river-measurement stations during the

flood period...................................................... 83

Explanation of data............................................. 84

Potomac River Basin............................................. 96

North Branch of Potomac River at Bloomington, Md............ 96

North Branch of Potomac River near Cumberland, Md........... 97

Potomac River at Hancock, Md................................ 98

Potomac River at Shepherdstown, W. Va....................... 99

Potomac River at Point of Rocks, Md......................... 100

Potomac River near Washington, D. C......................... 101

Savage River at Bloomington, Md............................. 102

Georges Creek at Franklin, Md............................... 103

Wills Creek near Cumberland, Md............................. 104

Evitts Creek near Bedford Valley, Pa........................ 105

South Branch of Potomac River near Petersburg, W. Va........ 106

South Branch of Potomac River near Springfield, W. Va....... 107

Cacapon River near Great Cacapon, W. Va..................... 108

Licking Creek near Sylvan, Pa............................... 109

Conococheague Creek at Fairview, Md......................... 110

Antietam Creek near Sharpsburg, Md.......................... Ill

North River near Burketown, Va.............................. 112

South Fork of Shenandoah River near Lynnwood, Va............ 113

South Fork of Shenandoah River at Front Royal, Va........... 114

Shenandoah River at Millville, W. Va........................ 115

Middle River near Grottoes, Va.............................. 116

South River at Waynesboro, Va............................... 117

South River at Harriston, Va................................ 118

North Fork of Shenandoah River at Cootes Store, Va.......... 119

North Fork of Shenandoah River near Strasburg, Va........... 120

Passage Creek at Buckton, Va................................ 121

Monocacy River at Jug Bridge, near Frederick, Md............ 122

Owens Creek at Lahtz, Md.................................... 123

Linganore Creek near Frederick, Md.......................... 124

Goose Creek near Leesburg, Va............................... 125

Seneca Creek at Dawsonville, Md............................. 126

Difficult Run near Great Falls, Va.......................... 127

Rock Creek at Sherrill Drive, Washington, D. C.............. 128

Rappahannock River Basin....................... 129

Rappahannock River at Kellys Ford, Va....................... 129

Rapidan River near Culpeper, Va............................. 130

York River Basin......................... 131

North Anna River near Doswell, Va........................... 131

South Anna River near Ashland, Va........................... 132

James River Basin.................... 133

Jackson River at Falling Spring, Va......................... 133

James River at Lick Run, Va...................... 134

James River at Buchanan, Va................................. 135

III
IV CONTENTS

Stages and discharges at river-measurement stations during the 

flood period Continued.

James River Basin 'Continued. Page

James River at Holcombs Rock, Va............................ 136

James River at Bent Creek, Va............................... 137

James River at Scottsville, Va.............................. 138

James River at Cartersville, Va............................. 139

James River near Richmond, Va............................... 140

Dunlap Creek near Covington, Va............................. 141

Potts Creek near Covington, Va.............................. 142

Cowpasture River near Clifton Forge, Va..................... 143

Craig Creek at Parr, Va..................................... 144

Johns Creek at Newcastle, Va................................ 145

Catawba Creek near Fincastle, Va............................ 146

Calfpasture River at Goshen, Va............................. 147

North River at Rockbridge Baths, Va......................... 148

North River near Lexington, Va.............................. 149

Kerrs Creek near Lexington, Va.............................. 150

Tye River at Roseland, Va................................... 151

Hardware River near Scottsvllle, Va......................... 152

Rivanna River at Palmyra, Va................................ 153

Appomattox River at Farmville, Va........................... 154

Appomattox River at Mattoax, Va............................. 155

Appomattox River near Petersburg, Va........................ 156

Roanoke River Basin............................................. 157

Roanoke River near Clover, Va............................... 157

Ohio River Basin................................................ 158

Allegheny River at Larabee, Pa.............................. 158

Allegheny River at Red House, N. Y.......................... 159

Allegheny River at Franklin, Pa............................. 160

Allegheny River at Barkers Landing, Pa...................... 161

Ohio River at Pittsburgh, Pa................................ 162

Ohio River at Sewickley, Pa................................. 163

Ohio River at Wheeling, W. Va............................... 164

Ohio River at Pomeroy, Ohio................................. 165

Ohio River at Huntington, W. Va............................. 166

Ohio River at Cincinnati, Ohio.............................. 167

Ohio River at Ashland, Ky................................... 168

Ohio River at Louisville, Ky................................ 168

Ohio River at Cannelton, Ind................................ 169

Ohio River at Golconda, 111................................. 169

Ohio River at Metropolis, 111............................... 170

Chadakoin River at Falconer, N. Y........................... 171

Clarion River near Piney, Pa................................ 171

Redbank Creek at St. Charles, Pa............................ 172

Mahoning Creek near Dayton, Pa.............................. 173

Crooked Creek near Ford City, Pa............................ 174

Stony Creek at Johnstown, Pa................................ 175

Quemahoning Reservoir near Hollsopple, Pa................... 176

Kiskiminetas River at Avonmore, Pa.......................... 177

Blacklick Creek at Blacklick, Pa............................ 178

Loyalhanna Creek at New Alexandria, Pa...................... 179

Tygart River near Dailey, W. Va............................. 180

Tygart River at Belington, W. Va............................ 181

Tygart River at Fetterman, W. Va............................ 182

Monongahela River at Morgantown, W. Va...................... 183

Monongahela River at Charleroi, Pa.......................... 184

Buckhannon River at Hall, W. Va............................. 185

West Fork River at Butcherville, W. Va...................... 186

West Fork River at Clarksburg, W. Va........................ 187

West Fork River at Enterprise, W. Va........................ 188

Buffalo Creek at Barrackville, W. Va........................ 189

Cheat River near Parsons, W. Va............................. 190

Cheat River at Rowlesburg, W. Va............................ 191

Cheat River near Pisgah, W. Va.............................. 192

Blackwater River at Davis, W. Va............................ 193

Big Sandy Creek at Rockville, W. Va......................... 194

South Fork of Tenmile Creek at Jefferson, Pa................ 195

Youghlogheny River at Connellsville, Pa..................... 196

Youghiogheny River at Sutersville, Pa....................... 197

Casselman River at Markleton, Pa............................ 198

Big Piney Run near Salisbury, Pa............................ 199

Laurel Hill Creek at Ursina, Pa............................. 200

Turtle Creek at Trafford, Pa................................ 201

Beaver River at Wampum, Pa.................................. 202
CONTENTS V

Stages and discharges at river-measurement stations during the 

flood period Continued.

Ohio River Basin Continued. Page

Connoquenessing Creek at Hazen, Pa.......................... 203

Slippery Rock Creek at Wurtemburg, Pa....................... 204

Little Beaver Creek near East Liverpool, Ohio............... 205

Middle Island Creek at Little, W. Va........................ 206

Muskingum River at McConnelsville, Ohio..................... 207

Little Eanawha River at Grantsville, W. Va.................. 208

Hocking River at Athens, Ohio............................... 209

Kanawha River at Kanawha Palls, W. Va....................... 210

Greenbrier River at Alderson, W. Va......................... 211

Elk River at Queen Shoals, W. Va............................ 212

Coal River at Ashford, W. Va................................ 213

Little Coal River at Madison, W. Va......................... 214

Guy an dot River at Branchland, W. Va......................... 215

Levisa Fork at Faintsville, Ky.............................. 216

Tug Pork near Hermit, W. Va................................. 217

Scioto River at Higby, Ohio................................. 218

Little Miami River at Milford, Ohio......................... 219

East Pork of Little Miami River at Perintown, Ohio.......... 220

Licking River at Catawba, Ky................................ 221

Miami River at Hamilton, Ohio............................... 222

Whitewater River at Brookville, Ind......................... 223

Kentucky River at Lock 2, at Lockport, Ky................... 224

Blue River near White Cloud, Ind............................ 225

Green River at Livermore, Ky................................ 226

W abash River at Mount Camel, 111........................... 227

Little Wabash River at Wilcox, 111.......................... 228

Skillet Pork at Wayne City, 111............................. 229

Cumberland River at Clarksville, Term....................... 230

Tennessee River near Johnsonville, Term..................... 231

Big Sandy River at Bruceton, Term........................... 232

Cache River at Porman, 111.................................. 233

Stages at river-measurement stations on the Ohio River.......... 234

Summary of flood discharges......................................... 256

Storage............................................................. 275

Rainfall and run-off studies........................................ 277

Method of analysis.............................................. 277

Discussion of results........................................... 281

Potomac River Basin............................................. 291

Rappahannock, York, James, and Roanoke River Basins............. 295

Upper Ohio River Basin.......................................... 300

Allegheny River Basin....................................... 300

Monongahela River Basin..................................... 303

Plood crests........................................................ 306

Records of previous floods.......................................... 324

Potomac River Basin............................................. 325

James River Basin............................................... 335

Ohio River Basin................................................ 340

Index............................................................... 347

ILLUSTRATIONS

Page

Plate 1. A, Debris left by the flood at Johnstown, Pa.j B, Steel 

mills on the Monongahela River at Pittsburgh, Pa., 

inundated by the flood waters........................... 34

2. A, Airport at Washington, D. C., covered by flood waters 

of the Potomac River, March 19, 1936; B, Constructing 

temporary dikes at Richmond, Va., to protect against 

overflow from the James River........................... 35

3. A, Ice conditions on the Ohio River at Vanport, Pa.,

February 21, 1936, before the floodsj B, Evidences of

the power of flood waters on the Kisktminetas River at

West Leechburg, Pa...................................... 74

4. A, After the flood at the river-measurement station on

the South Branch of the Potomac River near Springfield,

W. Va.; B, Scene on the Potomac River at Pawpaw,

W. Va., noon, March 18, 1936............................ 75
VI ILLUSTRATIONS

Page 

Plate 5. Slope-area reach on Stony Creek at Ferndale, Pa.......... 82

6. Typical river-measurement stations....................... 83

7. Flood scenes in Cumberland, Md., on the North Branch of

the Potomac River*...................................... 102

8. Flood scenes on the North Branch of the Potomac River

at Green Spring, W. Va................................. 102

9. Potomac River at Hancock, Md............................. 102

10. Potomac River at Williamsport, Md........................ 103

11. A, Crest of the flood on the Potomac River at Point of 

Rocks, Md., March 17, 1936; B, Looking downstream on 

the Potomac River flood at Hancock, Md., March 18, 

1936................................................... 134

12. A, Flooded industrial section of Richmond, Va., on the 

James River; B, Overflow from the James River inundates the main street of Scottsville, Va............... 135

13. A, Former location of six houses which were removed by 

the flood of March 1936 on the Kiskiminetas River at - 

North Vandergrift, Pa.; B, Flood conditions on the 

Allegheny River at Pittsburgh, Pa., March 18, 1936..... 166

14. A, The business section of Pittsburgh, Pa., at the 

junction of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers, 

flooded almost to the second stories; B, Wheeling Island and connecting bridges at Wheeling, W. Va., at 

the crest of the flood on the Ohio River............... 167

15. Two great floods at Harpers Ferry, W. Va., at the

junction of the Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers.......... 330

16. Chain Bridge, on the Potomac River above Washington,

D. C., withstanding two great floods................... 331

Figure 1. Areas covered by the reports on the floods of March

1936 in the northeastern United States................. 3

2. Isohyetal map of the northeastern United States showing

total precipitation, in inches, March 9-13, 1936....... 7

3. Isohyetal map of the northeastern United States showing

total precipitation, in inches, March 16-19, 1936...... 8

4. Isohyetal map of the northeastern United States showing

total precipitation, in inches, March 9-22, 1936....... 9

5. Map of the northeastern United States showing the depth, 

in inches, of the water content of snow on the ground, 

March 9, 1936.......................................... 11

6. Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 7:30

p.m., March 15, 1936................................... 21

7. Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 7:30

a.m., March 16, 1936................................... 22

8. Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 7:30

p.m., March 16, 1936................................... 23

9. Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 7:30

a.m., March 17, 1936................................... 24

10. Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 7:30

p.m., March 17, 1936................................... 25

11. Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 7:30

a.m., March 18, 1936................................... 26

12. Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 7:30

p.m., March 18, 1936................................... 27

13. Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 7:30

a.m., March 19, 1936................................... 28

14. Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 7:30

p.m., March 19, 1936................................... 29

15. Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 7:30

a..m. , March 20, 1936................................... 30

16. Vertical cross section of atmosphere, March 17, 1936..... 31

17. Isobaric chart at 10,000 feet altitude, March 17, 1936... 31

18. Drainage basins of the Potomac, James, and upper Ohio

Rivers................................................. 33

19. Stages reached by the flood of March 1936 and previous 

known floods at various river-measurement stations in 

the Ohio River Basin................................... 36

20. Drainage basins of the Potomac River and adjacent coastal streams in Maryland................................. 37

21. Drainage basins of the Rappahannock, York, James, and

Roanoke Rivers and adjacent streams in Virginia........ 38

22. Drainage basins of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers.. 39

23. Region adjacent to the Ohio River between Pittsburgh,

Pa., and Cairo, 111.................................... 40
ILLUSTRATIONS VII

Figure 24. Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Potomac 

River and adjacent coastal streams in Maryland, 

showing the total precipitation, in inches, March 

9-13, 1936............................................ 49

25. Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Rappahannock, York, James, and Roanoke Rivers and adjacent streams in Virginia, showing the total precipitation, in inches, March 9-13, 1936............... 50

26. Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Allegheny 

and Monongahela Rivers, showing the total precipitation, in inches, March 9-13, 1936................... 51

27. Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Potomac

River and adjacent coastal streams in Maryland, showing the total precipitation, in inches, March 16-19, 

1936.................................................. 52

28. Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Rappahannock, York, James, and Roanoke Rivers and adjacent streams in Virginia, showing the total precipitation, in inches, March 16-19, 1936.................. 53

29. Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Allegheny 

and Monongahela Rivers, showing the total precipitation, in Inches, March 16-19, 1936.................... 54

30. Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Potomac

River and adjacent coastal streams in Maryland, showing the total precipitation, In inches, March 9-22, 

1936.............................................. ... 55

31. Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Rappahannock, York, James, and Roanoke Rivers and adjacent streams in Virginia, showing the total precipitation, in inches, March 9-22, 1936................... 56

32. Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Allegheny 

and Monongahela Rivers, showing the total precipitation, in inches, March 9-22, 1936..................... 57

33. Hourly precipitation at various United States Weather

Bureau precipitation stations, March 9-22, 1936....... 60

34. Map of the drainage basins of the Potomac River and 

adjacent coastal streams in Maryland, showing the 

depth, in inches, of the water content of snow on che 

ground, March 9, 1936................................. 62

35. Map of the drainage basins of the Rappahannock, York, 

James, and Roanoke Rivers and adjacent streams in 

Virginia, showing the depth, in Inches, of the water 

content of snow on the ground, March 9, 1936.......... 63

36. Map of the drainage basins of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers, showing the depth, in inches, pf the 

water content of snow on the ground on March 9, 1936.. 64

37. Dally range of temperatures and accumulated departure 

of mean monthly temperature from the normal at various places in the drainage basins of the Potomac, 

James, and upper Ohio Rivers for the period November 

1, 1935, to March 31, 1936............................ 73

38. Map, profile of high-water marks, and sections of the

slope-area reach for Stony Creek at Perndale-, Pa...... 82

39. Typical graphs of stages and discharges at rivermeasurement stations plotted from records in this 

rep ort............................................... 86

40. Graphs of mean dally discharge at various rivermeasurement stations In the drainage basins of the 

Potomac, James, and upper Ohio Rivers for the period 

February 1 to April 30, 1936.......................... 88

41. Graphs of discharge at various river-measurement stations in the Potomac River Basin, March 11-23, 1936... 89

42. Graphs of discharge at various river-measurement stations on the James River, March 12-23, 1936........... 90

43. Graphs of discharge at various river-measurement stations on the Allegheny River, March 8 to April 4, 

1936.................................................. 91

44. Graphs of discharge at various river-measurement stations in the Monongahela River Basin, March 17-30, 

1936.................................................. 92

45. Graphs of discharge at various river-measurement stations in the Allegheny River and Monongahela River 

Basins, March 8-31, 1936.............................. 93
VIII ILLUSTRATIONS

Page

Figure 46. Graphs of discharge at various river-measurement stations on the Ohio River, March 8 to April 30, 1936.... 94

47. Graphs of stage at various river-stage stations on the

Ohio River, March 8 to April 28, 1936................. 255

48. Map showing location of flood determinations in the 

drainage basins of the Potomac River and adjacent 

coastal streams in Maryland, March 1936............... 257

49. Map showing location of flood determinations in the

drainage basins of the Rappahannock, York, James, and

Roanoke Rivers and adjacent streams in Virginia,

March 1936............................................ 258

50. Map showing location of flood determinations in the 

drainage basins of the Allegheny and Monongahela 

Rivers, March 1936.................................... 259

51. Map showing location of flood determinations in the

drainage basins of the rivers in the region adjacent

to the Ohio River between Pittsburgh, Pa., and Cairo,

111., March 1936............. <,........ ............... 260

52. Chart showing the maximum discharges, in second-feet 

per square mile, determined for various areas in or 

adjacent to the drainage basins of the Potomac, James, 

and Ohio Rivers, March 1936, as given in tables 11 

and 12................................................. 261

53. Method of analysis used in determining direct run-off 

associated with each storm and total storm period, 

March 1936............................................ 279

54. Map of northeastern United States, showing isothermal 

lines of mean temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, 

March 9-22, 1936...................................... 289

55. Comparison of differences between precipitation plus 

water content of antecedent snow cover and run-off, 

in depth in inches, during flood periods of March 

1936, for tributary basins of the Potomac River 

Basin.............................................<,... 293

56. Comparison of differences between precipitation and

run-off, in depth in inches, during flood periods of

March 1936, for tributary basins of the James River

Basin................................................. 297

57. Profile of maximum crest stages on the Ohio River during the floods of March 1936 and of the maximum 

crest stages previously known......................... 323

TABLES

Page 

Table 1. Daily precipitation, in inches, March 1936.............. 43

2. Total monthly precipitation and departure from normal,

in inches, December 1935 to February 1936.........o... 58

3. Total monthly snowfall, in inches, December 1935 to

February 1936......................................... 58

4. Snow depth, in inches, on ground at indicated dates,

1936................................................... 66

5. Snow depth, in inches, on ground at indicated dates,

March 1936............................................ 69

6. Snow depth, in inches, on ground at indicated dates,

March 1936............................................ 70

7. Snow depth, in inches, and equivalent water content, in 

inches, at points in the Blue Ridge, March 18 and 19, 

1936.................................................. 71

8. Gage height, in feet, at river-measurement stations on

the Ohio River, 1936.................................. 235

9. Gage height, in feet, on the Ohio River at indicated

time, 1936............................................ 244

10. Altitude, in feet above mean sea level (1907 adjustment), of zeroes of gagea at locks and dams on the 

Ohio River............................................ 254

11. Summary of flood discharges............................. 262

12. Summary of flood stages and discharges for the Ohio

River................................................. 274
TABLES IX

Page

Table 13. Mean dally reservoir height, In feet above mean sea 

level, and corresponding contents, in millions of 

cubic feet, in retarding reservoirs of the Miami Conservancy District, February 1 to April 30, 1936....... 277

14<> Rainfall and run-off of floods of March 1936............ 282

15. Flood crest stages...................................... 507

16. Flood crest stages, Ohio River, 1936.................... 322

17. Comparative maximum stages, in feet, of known major

floods in the Potomac River Basin..................... 326

18. Altitude, In feet, of recorded floods at Indicated

places on the Allegheny River from Larabee, Pa., to 

Freeport, Pa.......................................... 341

19. Altitude, in feet, of recorded floods at indicated

places on Stony Creek and on the Conemaugh and Klskiminetas Rivers from Johnstown, Pa., to Vandergrift,

Pa..................................o.. , .............. 342

20. Altitude, In feet, of recorded floods on the Monongahela

River at Old Lock No. 4............................... 342

21. Altitude, in feet, of recorded floods at indicated

places on the Youghiogheny River from Confluence, Pa.,

to Sutersville, Pa.................................... 343

22. Stage, In feet, for recorded floods on the Ohio River

at Point Bridge, Pittsburgh, Pa....................... 344
THE FLOODS OP MARCH 1956 

PART 3. POTOMAC, JAMES, AMD UPPER OHIO RIVERS

ABSTRACT

During the period March 9-22, 1936, there occurred In close succession over the northeastern United States, from the James and upper Ohio 

River Basins In Virginia and Pennsylvania to the river basins of Maine, 

two extraordinarily heavy storms, in which the precipitation was almost 

entirely in the form of rain. The depths of rainfall mark this period 

as one of the greatest concentrations of precipitation, in respect to 

time and magnitude of the area covered, of which there is record in this 

country.

At the time of the rain there were also accumulations of snow on the 

ground over much of the storm-affected region that were large for the 

season. The snow supply was less, however, in- the southwestern part of 

the region, which is covered in this volume, and there was very little in 

the Potomac River Basin and none in the James River Basin. The comparatively warm temperatures associated with the storms thawed the snow, 

which added materially to the quantities of water to be disposed of by 

drainage into the waterways, by storage in lakes, ponds, and reservoirs, 

by absorption in the ground, and, probably in comparatively negligible 

degree, by evaporation.

The total quantity of water that had to be disposed of in these ways 

ranged between 10 and 30 inches in depth over much of the region but in 

the southwestern part treated in this volume, the range was between 5 and 

12 inches. The water disposed of by natural storage, absorption, and 

evaporation amounted in the aggregate to average depths over the many 

river basins generally within the range of lj to 3 inches, with a significant degree of uniformity and systematic areal distribution. The remainder of the rain and snow water, generally much larger or even several 

times larger in amount than surface storage, absorption, and evaporation, 

required accommodation by the channels of the brooks, creeks, and rivers.

There were generally two distinct flood peaks over the flood area, 

but there was a notable exception to this rule in the upper Ohio River 

Basin, notably in the upper Allegheny River and upper Monongahela River, 

where the weather conditions produced a third flood peak on March 21 and 

22 that was even higher than those preceding. There was no rise of consequence at this time in the other basins of the flood area. In many of 

the northern basins of the flood area the destruction was seriously aggravated by break-up of thick ice cover accumulated through a winter of 

exceptionally continuous and severe cold weather. 'The destruction due 

to ice was relatively less in the southern basins treated in this volume 

and occurred largely before the main flood period.

The floods resulting from this combination of events were extraordinarily devastating, and records of river stages extending on some 

streams back to or nearly to the time of settlement by white men were 

broken, many of them by wide margins. The peak of the Connecticut River 

at Hartford, Conn., was 8.6 feet higher than had been experienced since 

the settlement by white men, 300 years ago. The Susquehanna River at 

Harrisburg, Pa., was 3.5 feet higher than had been known in a period of 

record covering about 200 years. The Ohio River at Pittsburgh, Pa., was 

6.1 feet higher than had been known in the period beginning 1762.

This volume presents many of the facts of these notable floods with 

respect to the basins of the Potomac, James, and upper Ohio Rivers for 

permanent record and for study and reference by engineers concerned with 

the building of highways, bridges, and industrial plants, planners of 

river development, and others. It also includes extensive information 

as to the stages and discharges of the main stem of the Ohio River, including the contributions of tributaries to show the flattening of the 

flood as it moved downstream. Similar volumes for the Hew England rivers 

and for the region from the Hudson River to the Susquehanna River are 

presented in companion Water-Supply Papers 798 and 799, respectively.

This volume contains records of stage and discharge for the period 

including the floods for about 140 measurement stations} peak discharges 

with comparative data for other floods at over 200 measurement points; 

crest stages along an aggregate length of 2,570 miles of stream channel; 

a section by the United States Weather Bureau consisting of descriptive 

text and 12 charts pertinent to the weather associated with the floods; 

and results of detailed studies of the rainfall and run-off and many other 

kinds of flood information. -,
2 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

INTRODUCTION

Extraordinary floods occurred during March 1936 In the north Atlantic slope drainage basins from the Kennebec River Basin In Maine to the 

James River Basin In Virginia, also In the upper Ohio River Basin In Pennsylvania and in some parts of the St. Lawrence River Basin in New York and 

Vermont. The loss of life and property damage caused by these floods constituted a major catastrophe. Between 150 and 200 lives were lost, and 

damage amounting to hundreds of millions of dollars was inflicted upon 

many cities and towns, railroads, highways, and other improvements. Many 

bridges were seriously damaged or washed away, and normal transportation 

was disrupted or impeded. Erosion and deposition of debris also caused 

much damage.

The stages and discharges of these great floods were notable, not 

only because they equaled or exceeded those of all previously recorded 

floods in many of the river basins, but also because the floods occurred 

simultaneously over an extent of area that was unprecedented in the records or traditions of floods of the region, covering many years and even 

centuries.

In each of the following primary drainage basins the flood discharges 

of the main river and most of the tributaries closely approached or exceeded, some of them by large amounts, any records of floods previously 

known In those areas:

Kennebec River Thames River Susquehanna River

Androscoggln River Connecticut River Potomac River

Saco River Housatonic River James River

Merrimack River Delaware River Upper Ohio River

The discharge of the Hudson River below the outlet of Sacandaga Reservoir would have exceeded all records except for the regulation afforded 

by storage reservoirs, of which the Sacandaga Reservoir itself was the 

most outstanding example. The large area included within these primary 

drainage basins and the nearby lesser basins or parts of basins that suffered similarly from these floods is shown in figure 1. Tributaries of 

the upper Ohio River that were not In extreme flood are not included in 

this area.

The floods of March 1936 impressed upon the inhabitants of the flooded regions as never before the magnitude of the problem of carrying flood
INTRODUCTION 3

waters down long reaches of river channel through thickly settled valleys 

to the ocean. The people are stimulated to search for solutions of the 

problem and for ways to protect themselves against flood catastrophes in 

the future. It is becoming increasingly recognized and accepted that 

such measures must be adopted and planned on sound and adequate basic

? Drainage basins In which

> record-breaking or extraordinary floods occurred

1 Water-Supply Paper 798 

0 New England rivers

2 Water-Supply Paper 799 

Hudson River to 

Susquehanna River region

3 Water-Supply Paper 800 

Potomac, James, and 

upper Ohio Rivers

0 50 100 150 200 MILES

Figure 1. Areas covered by the reports on the floods of March 1936 in 

the northeastern United States.

information and that one of the most essential items of such basic information consists of reliable records of floods of the past. Thus the 

stages, discharges, and other characteristics of these floods are of interest and importance as criteria in the design and construction of hydraulic works and should be given full consideration in plans for all 

future developments, so as to avoid the recurrence of loss of life and 

human suffering and the serious economic damages attendant upon floods 

for which the works of man have made inadequate allowance.
4 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

The United States Geological Survey, operating through several local 

district offices, maintains as a part of its regular nation-wide streamgaging program about 400 river-measurement stations within the area ravaged by the floods of March 1936. These stations have been maintained 

by the Geological Survey largely in cooperation with States and municipalities and generally for periods beginning many years prior to the 

March floods. By this program the Survey has obtained continuous records 

of stages and rates and volumes of flow of the streams, covering the 

range from drought to extraordinary flood»

When the record-breaking characteristics of the floods of March 1936 

became known, it was recognized that the collection and compilation of 

data related to them were of special importance and that the information 

should be published in a form best suited for use in studies and designs 

for flood protection and flood control. Necessarily, much of this essential information had to be collected before the evidences of the floods 

were obliterated by normal weathering or by vegetal growth. It was recognized also that the processes of clearing away the flood debris would 

be -undertaken promptly in every city, town, hamlet, and farm, in the region, thereby destroying in many places the best evidence of flood 

heights. It was therefore apparent that immediate steps should be taken 

to collect the information regarding the floods while the evidences of 

them were yet discernible, in order that the essential records might be 

preserved and published for use in future hydraulic developments. The 

work that was involved went far beyond the scope of the ordinary rivermeasurement program, especially as it was desirable that the information 

should not be limited to the regular river-measurement stations but 

should also relate to other rivers or places not included in the routine 

program. The critical situation demanded prompt and energetic efforts 

to obtain and publish the essential stage and discharge information regarding these record-breaking floods.

Accordingly, the Public Works Administration, acting in accordance 

with the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933, allotted to the Geological Survey, late in March 1936, $125,000 for surveys of stages and 

discharges of the floods and for the preparation and printing of reports 

thereon.

This volume is one of a series of three regional reports presenting 

the records of stages and discharges of rivers in the northeastern United 

States during the great floods of March 1936, also a summary of the
ADMINISTRATION AND PERSONNEL 5

meteorologic and hydrologlc aspects and Interpretative studies of rainfall and run-off relations and other information related to the floods. 

The three reports are published as water-supply papers under the general 

title "The floods of March 1936", with the following serial numbers and 

distinguishing subtitles pertinent to the contents of the respective 

volumes:

Part 1, New England rivers (Water-Supply Paper 798).

Part 2, Hudson River to Susquehanna River region (Water-Supply

Paper 799). 

Part 3, Potomac, James, and upper Ohio Rivers (covered In this

volume, Water-Supply Paper 800). 

The areas treated In the respective volumes are shown in figure 1.

AUTHORIZATION

.The data contained In this series of reports were collected by the 

United States Geological Survey under the following authority contained 

in the organic law (20 Stat. L., p. 394):

Provided, That this officer [the director] shall have the direction 

of the Geological Survey and the classification of public lands and examination of the geological structure, mineral resources, and products of 

the national domain.

Under this law, river measurements were begun by the Geological Survey in 1888 In connection with special studies relating to irrigation. 

Since the fiscal year ending June 30, 1895, success -re annual appropriations by the Congress have included items for this work, and for many 

years such Items have been enacted In the following language:

For gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United States, and for the investigation of underground currents and artesian 

wells, and for the preparation of reports upon the best methods of utilizing^ the water resources.

ADMINISTRATION AND PERSONNEL

The field and office work incident to the preparation of this report were performed by the water-resources branch of the Geological Survey under the general administrative direction of N. C. Grover, chief 

hydraulic engineer. The actual field work and the collection and tabulation of the basic information with respect to stages and discharges 

were done by the district engineers and their staffs In the division of 

surface water, C. G. Paulsen, chief. The district engineers participating in the collection and preparation of the information In this 

volume relating to the Potomac, James, and Ohio Rivers were H. .0. Beckman,
6 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Rolla, Mo.5 J. J. Dirzulaitis, Charlottesville, Va.j H. E. Grosbach, 

Indianapolis, Ind.} A. W. Harrington, Albany, N. Y.j A. H. Horton, Washington, D. C.; William Kessler, Charleston, W, Va.; Lasley Lee, Columbus, 

Ohio; J. W. Mangan, Harrisburg, Pa.; C. E. McCashin, Chattanooga, Tenn.; 

and J. H. Morgan, Urbana, 111. The direct supervision and coordination 

of the collection of data and the final assembling of the reports were 

carried on in the division of water utilization, R. W. Davenport, chief. 

W. G. Hoyt, consulting engineer, conservation branch, has directed and 

prepared the presentation of information on rainfall and other climatologic features and the section on rainfall and run-off studies. In carrying on all this work the permanent field and office staffs were assisted by temporary employees appointed by the Secretary of the Interior under the provisions of the National Industrial Recovery Act.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Geological Survey, acting through its district field offices in 

the region, cooperates with State and municipal agencies in the several 

districts. Acknowledgment is made to these cooperating agencies for participation in the collection of the systematic records of river discharge 

that form the broad base on which the specific flood information has been 

placed, also for cooperation in the establishment and operation of many 

river-measurement stations essential to the study and in the maintenance 

of field organizations in which engineers trained for investigations of 

this kind were available for the special duties related to the collection 

of the field data and the preparation of the reports.

Information appearing in this series of reports has been obtained 

from many sources, including individuals, corporations, and governmental 

organizations, local, State, and Federal. Financial cooperation in connection with the regular river-measurement program of the Geological Survey in the areas covered by this report has been received from the following agencies: In Maryland, the State Geological Survey, the Upper 

Potomac River Board, and the Washington Suburban Sanitary District; in 

Ohio, the Ohio Cooperative Topographic Survey, the Mahoning Valley Sanitary District, the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District, the Miami 

Conservancy District, and the City of Columbus; in Pennsylvania, the Department of Forests and Waters; in Virginia, the State Commission on Conservation and Development; and in West Virginia, the Public Service Commission, the Water Commission, and the State Geological and Economic 

Survey.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 7

Federal agencies to which acknowledgments are made for services 

rendered or data furnished include the United States Weather Bureau; the 

Corps of Engineers, United States Army; the Public Works Administration; 

the National Resources Committee; and the Works Progress Administration.

Figure 2. Isohyetal map of the northeastern United States showing 

total precipitation, in inches, March 9-13, 1936.

The Corps of Engineers, United States Army, has furnished much information on the stages and discharges of the Ohio River. The United States 

Weather Bureau has contributed the section entitled "Weather associated 

with the floods of March 1936."

Assistance in collecting records was also rendered by various individuals, corporations, organizations, and municipalities. Acknowledgments for individual contributions of data and information are given at 

appropriate places in the report, so far as practicable.
8 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

GENERAL FEATURES OP THE STORMS

During the period March 9 to 22, 1936, four distinct storm centers 

passed over the northeastern part of the United States. The first disturbance, that of March 9 and 10, passed north of Lake Ontario and was 

accompanied by fairly general rains in western Pennsylvania and western 

and central New York and by anow in northern New England. On March 10

Figure 3. Isohyetal map of the northeastern United States showing 

total precipitation, in inches, March 16-19, 1936.

a Gulf disturbance was centered off the Georgia coast and moving northeastward with increasing intensity. By March 12 this disturbance had 

crossed Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New York. On the 13th the 

storm center had merged over western Quebec into a disturbance that had 

passed over the Great Lakes region on the preceding day. These disturbances were accompanied by heavy precipitation over the entire northeastern part of the United States. (See isohyetal map, fig. 2.) In
GENERAL FEATURES OP THE STORMS 9

this report tlie precipitation accompanying the general disturbances of 

March 9-10 and of March 11-12 has been treated as one general storm. 

Over the area as a whole, the greater part of the precipitation is recorded as having occurred on March 11 and 12. The center of maximum rainfall was in the White Mountain area in New Hampshire, with secondary centers in southern Vermont, in the Berkshire Hills in western Massachusetts

Figure 4. Isohyetal map of the northeastern United States showing 

total precipitation, In Inches, March 9-22, 1936.

and Connecticut, in the Catskill Mountains In southeastern New York, the 

Pocono Mountains in Pennsylvania, and the Blue Ridge in Maryland and Virginia. Precipitation over the Northeastern States was generally light 

on March 14 and 15 and accompanied a minor disturbance that passed over 

the Great Lakes and into Canada. On the 15th and 16th there was an area 

of outstanding low barometric pressure over the Gulf States. By the morning of the 18th this disturbance was over Virginia,, and It passed over
10 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

New Jersey and. Connecticut on the 19th and over Quebec on the 20th. This 

disturbance was accompanied by general heavy precipitation over all the 

areas affected by the floods. The major part of the rainfall was recorded on March 17 and 18. (See fig. 3.) Although this heavy rainfall centered in the White Mountain area, it reached very considerable magnitude 

(exceeding 4 or 5 inches) over most of central New England, southern New 

York, most of Pennsylvania, western Maryland, northern Virginia, and the 

northeastern part of West Virginia. On the 20th, 21st, and 22d another 

disturbance crossed the area, accompanied by heavy snowfalls In western 

Pennsylvania and western New York and by minor rains elsewhere.

Again on the 27th and 28th there was a minor storm which caused 

heavy precipitation In parts of the region, which, however, was not of sufficient magnitude to create an Independent flood and was sufficiently delayed not to contribute to the major floods. The rainfall associated 

with the major floods Is that In the period March 9 to 22. Therefore, 

the analysis of rainfall in this report is applied to the two major storms 

in that period. Figure 4 shows the precipitation for the entire storm 

period, March 9 to 22.

The areal extent of the two storms In respect to depth of rainfall 

was approximately as follows:

Precipitation 

(inches)

More than 8

6

4

2

Area covered (square miles)

First storm 

March 9-13

170

1,300

7,900

76,000

Second storm 

March 16-19

150

6,700

43,500

163,000

The areal extent of the total storm period, March 9 to 22, in respect 

to depth of rainfall was approximately as follows:

Precipitation 

(Inches)

More than 18

16

14

12

Area covered 

(square miles)

120

300

800

1,500

Precipitation 

( inche s )

More than 10

8

6

4

Area covered 

(square miles)

4,000

19,000

66,000

168,000
GENERAL FEATURES OP THE STORMS 11

In connection with the magnitude of the precipitation recorded for 

this storm, consideration should be given to the fact that the first heavy 

rain fell on a snow cover that had a water content of 1 to 2 inches in 

headwater areas in northern Virginia and Maryland; 2 to 4 inches over most 

of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, southern New York, and Connecticut; and 5 to

Figure 5. Map of the northeastern United States showing the depth,

in inches, of the water content of snow on the ground,

March 9, 1936.

10 inches or more in northern New York, most of Massachusetts, Vermont, 

Hew Hampshire, and Maine. Figure 5 presents a map of the northeastern 

United States showing lines of estimated water content of snow on the 

ground March 9.

In respect to the amount and extent of precipitation, the first 

storm was notable but not extraordinary. In certain areas it produced 

larger floods than the second storm, but in general it stands out only as 

a major contributing factor to the catastrophe that was to follow. The
12 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

second storm was of sufficient magnitude and extent to rank with the 

great northern storms, although it was apparently exceeded in amount of 

heavy precipitation by seven outstanding northern storms which have been 

analyzed by the engineering staff of the Miami Conservancy District. 

{See Storm rainfall of eastern United States: Miami Conservancy Dist. 

Tech. Rept., pt. 5, revised, Dayton, Ohio, 1936.) These seven storms occurred on October 3-4, 1869; May 31 to June 1, 1889; May 19-21, 1894; 

July 12-14, 1897} March 24-25, 1913; November 3-4, 1927; and August 

23-24, 1933. The storms of March 1936 occurred earlier in the year than 

any of the outstanding northern storms of record prior to that time. 

However, if the water content of the snow on the ground March 9, 1936, 

is taken into account, as well as the total rainfall for the period March 

9 to 22, there appears to have been a greater aggregate amount of water 

over the area than had occurred at any previous time covered by the record, probably exceeding that in the Miami Basin during the storm of March 

1913, which caused the Miami flood. (The rainfall of January 1937 in 

the Ohio River and Mississippi River Valleys has not yet been analyzed to 

determine its relation to the storms under consideration.)

WEATHER ASSOCIATED WITH THE FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 

by Stephen Lichtblau*

In this study of the weather conditions incident with the floods of 

March 1936 in the eastern part of the country very little will be said 

about the weather associated with the floods in the earlier part of the 

month; the major consideration will be given to the weather conditions 

between March 15 and 20, during which the weather that caused the major 

floods occurred. However, the conditions of the earlier period, March 

9-13, contributed to those of the later period, so it is appropriate to 

summarize briefly the weather of that period.

Summaries of the weather conditions in the later or both of these 

periods have already been discussed by various writers on the subject.**

The weather of the earlier period was dominated by a well-developed 

low-pressure system that moved in a northerly direction along the east

* U. S. Weather Bureau, Washington, May 1937.

** Brooks, C. P., Meteorology of great floods: Geog. Review, April 

1937. Byers, H. R., Meteorological conditions during the March 1936 and 

other notable floods: Am. Meteorol. Soc. Bull., vol. 18, no. 3, March 

1937. Gregg, W. R., Forecasting floodflows: Eng. News Record, Feb. 4, 

1937. Harrington, A. W., and Johnson, H., The New York floods of 1935 

and 1936: Am. Soc. Civil Eng. Proc., March 1937. Uhl, W. P., Flood 

conditions in New England: Am. Soc. Civil Eng. Proc., March 1937.
WEATHER ASSOCIATED WITH THE FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 13

coast, attended by unseasonably warm temperatures and moderate rains, 

which became heavy only In New Hampshire. The precipitation In this period was mostly if not altogether of a frontal nature and occurred at the 

surface of discontinuity between the polar air masses that came from the 

west and the moist tropical air mass that moved northward along the east 

coast. Of importance is the fact that in the early part of the period 

the polar air masses were quite warm, because they were brought in from 

a southwesterly direction under the influence of a low-pressure area in 

the region of the Great Lakes. The effect of these warm temperatures 

was the depletion of the snow cover to an appreciable extent in the northeastern part of the country. There were no serious floods during this period except in New England, where the run-off from the rains, which were 

heavy in parts of this region, and the melting snow produced hazardous 

conditions. This period would have little significance if it were not 

for the following period of rains. The first period, by initiating the 

melting of the snow cover and with all its attendant rain, though not 

destructive in itself, nevertheless, by raising the river levels to a 

dangerous height, "set the stage" for bad floods if it were closely followed by another similar period.

The second period followed within a few days. The analysis of the 

weather that occurred in this period will be discussed in detail.

It is expedient to begin the discussion of this period with the 7:30 

p.m. map of March 15 (fig. 6). The principal front appearing on this 

map is a cold front separating the cool polar Pacific (Pp) air from the 

warm, moist tropical Atlantic (Ta) air. On the cold front there are two 

waves - one in Kentucky and one in Pennsylvania - neither of which looked 

formidable at the time, although the one in Kentucky was looked at suspiciously because of the rain and thunderstorms that occurred at Evansville, 

Ind., and Louisville, Ky. The rain at these two stations was caused by 

the lifting of the Ta air lying above the Pp air. The light rains that 

occurred to the west of the cold front were of a showery nature, such as 

are usually found in unstable Pp air masses. In New England there is a 

warm front separating the Ta air from the transitional or modified polar 

Atlantic (Npa) air that was brought in from the ocean to the east. In 

the northern part of the area mapped there is an upper air cold and warm 

front system which is moving eastward above a shallow layer of polar air 

masses and has little significance in this discussion. The low-pressure 

center in Canada is occluding and rapidly moving off the map.
14 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

On the next map, March 16, 7i30 a.m. (fig. 7), there Is a more complicated picture, with quite definite Indications that abnormal rains 

could be expected. By following the analysis from the preceding map we 

find that the wave that was In Kentucky has occluded and Is now In West 

Virginia. This wave in Its movement was accompanied by thunderstorms 

and moderate to heavy rains, which indicated that the Ta air above the 

Pp air was unstable. This was substantiated by the airplane flights made 

at Nashville and Dayton at that time. The instability of the Ta air Is 

also apparent In southern Florida, where rain and thunderstorms have occurred In a region without fronts,. Such an air mass will yield large 

quantities of rain over a large area If a mechanism Is available to lift 

It by having a colder or denser air mass displace It at the surface or 

by being forced over the denser air without displacing it or by moving 

over a rising terrane. Rain formed by the last process Is called orographlc rain. With a cold front moving through rapidly in a region of 

contrasting air masses similar to those found at this time, there are 

usually only light or moderate rains of short duration, but should the 

front move slowly or remain stationary we find waves moving along the 

front and moderate to heavy rains of considerable duration. Where the 

front remains stationary, as in the circumstances under discussion, the 

Ta air usually moves over colder air, with southwest to south winds within the Ta air, often becoming .southeast in the northeastern part of the 

country. Why the front becomes retarded and remains stationary is a 

problem that has had no satisfactory solution. The usual answer is made 

that the low-pressure trough, with its attendant fronts, between the 

North Atlantic or so-called Bermuda high and the continental high cannot move eastward because it is blocked by the North Atlantic high. This, 

of course, is no solution but merely a statement, because we may ask, Why 

doesn't the North Atlantic high move? This is one of the interesting 

problems of meteorology that has been and is being attacked by several investigators.

Southwest of the wave mentioned above there are two others waves 

which had formed on the cold front during the previous 12 hours. The cold 

and warm fronts In New England have moved eastward rapidly without causing much precipitation.

On the next map, March 16, 7:30 p.m. (fig. 8), the surface front in 

the Southern States moved rapidly eastward and was accompanied by thunderstorms and rains, while in the north it remained almost stationary, with
WEATHER ASSOCIATED WITH THE FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 15

only slight oscillations caused by the movement of the waves along the 

front. These can be easily identified: The one in West Virginia is now 

in Massachusetts, while the one in Tennessee has rapidly occluded, forming the occluded front appearing on the map. Another wave appears between Mobile and Pensacola. Again it should be observed that most of the 

rains occurred to the west of the front as frontal precipitation, although 

rains and thunderstorms occurred in advance of and close to the front. 

The lifting that was required to realize the instability of the Ta air in 

advance of the front to an extent great enough to produce thunderstorms 

must of necessity have come from the convergence caused by the accumulation of air brought in from the south in this region. It is interesting 

to note that the temperatures in New England have continued to remain 

above freezing, thereby continuing the depletion of the snow surface. 

The upper air front is now contributing to the production of rain, as 

shown by the moderate amounts in northern New Hampshire, Vermont, and 

Maine. This front presents another barrier over which the Ta air at the 

surface in Connecticut must ascend.

On the following morning's map, March 17, 7:30 a.m. (fig. 9), we 

again see that the cold front in the south has continued its rapid movement to the east, accompanied by thunderstorms and rains. All indications point toward continued rapid movement of the front in this region, 

with a cessation of rain expected in the Southern States. The wave that 

was at Mobile is now in South Carolina, with a well-developed low-pressure center, while the wave that was in Tennessee has moved into Pennsylvania. The upper air front has come down to the surface through mixing between the Pp air above with the fp + PC (polar continental) at the 

surface and is now depicted as a surface cold front. By comparing the 

airplane observations of this date wlph those made the day before, we 

find that the temperatures have dropped at all levels, as much as 15° C. 

at Dayton, Nashville, and Montgomery. Much of the rain has turned into 

snow. The precipitation is intense close to the fronts but dwindles 

rapidly away from the fronts. This implies a steep slope between the 

cold polar air and the warm moist tropical air. Here again the instability of the tropical air is still in evidence, although most of the rain 

is along the frontal surface. Some/ of the thunderstorms and rains are 

probably caused by orographic influences rather than by convergence, as 

most of the rains to the east of the front are occurring on the east 

slope of the Appalachians. The thunderstorms at Charleston, S. C., and
16 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAG, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

at Wilmlngton, N. C., are caused by a pseudo-orographic effect associated 

with frictional effects such as are often observed when unstable air 

masses are brought ashore from a direction normal to the coast line.

To correspond with this map there is presented a vertical cross section of the atmosphere from St. Louis to Lakehurst, N. J. (fig. 16). The 

isotherms show graphically the difference between the air masses. The 

diagram in figure 17 is constructed for the 10,000-foot level and shows 

the principal front, which lies farther to the west than on the surface 

map. The isobars are based upon the available wind observations at that 

level for that time and the pressures computed from the data obtained by 

the airplane observations made on that morning. Even with the scanty 

data (only one wind and one pressure observation east of the front) it is 

possible to determine comprehensively the air movement from this chart.

By 7:30 p.m. of the same day (fig. 10) the low center had passed its 

state of full development and gone "into occlusion. Along the east coast

the cold front is actually moving in from the south with south to southi_ 

east winds. The passage of this front was very well marked at Washington

and at other stations south of Washington along the coast. It should be 

mentioned that in placing the fronts on this series of maps very careful 

attention was given not only to the surface and available upper-air and 

cloud observations, but also to the continuous autographic records of the 

various meteorological elements. The heavy rains have now reached their 

maximum intensity in the Middle Atlantic States. Practically all the 

rains are associated with the fronts. This and the preceding maps show 

a very good example of the occlusion process. The warm front in North 

Carolina shown on the preceding map remained about stationary while the 

cold front moved rapidly around toward the northeast, pinching off the 

warm air at the surface and forcing it aloft, which resulted in heavy 

precipitation in this region. The warm front in the north continues to 

move northward but its east-west position shows little change. The tropical air in Pennsylvania and New York seems to be moving westward aloft 

over the polar air at the front, but there is little direct evidence except the rain and snow to substantiate this inference.

On the next map, March 18, 7:30 a.m. (fig. 11), the intensity of the 

low-pressure center has diminished as expected and with it a lessening of 

the amounts of precipitation, although some of the stations, such as 

Elkins, W. Va., still report large amounts. So far as the Middle Atlantic 

States are concerned, the damage is already done and the floods are In
WEATHER ASSOCIATED WITH THE FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 17

full progress. The scene of weather operations is now shifting to Hew 

York State and Hew England. The cold front which had been so active is 

still moving rapidly around the periphery of the dying or filling lowpressure center but has now become difficult to follow, as it fails to 

show the well-marked discontinuities in the meteorological elements on 

the surface map and in the autographic records that it had hitherto shown. 

This is not unexpected, because the air behind the cold front had changed 

its characteristics during its passage over the ocean to such an extent 

that the difference between it and the warmer air to the north became 

negligible. On succeeding maps this particular front was dropped, because it could not be located, but it is quite possible that the front 

continued to exist and, although weak, contributed to the production of 

rain in Hew England. Otherwise most of the heavy rains in this region 

must be accounted for by extrafrental action. This, then, implies that 

the rains were caused either by orographic influences or by convergence 

or by both. Undoubtedly in the White Mountains, where the rainfall was 

most intense, the orographic influences were more important, while in the 

low country convergence was the major factor unless the decadent front is 

invoked. It is unfortunate that more airplane observations in this region were not available, with which it would have been possible to determine the state of stability of the air mass. The only available airplane observation was one from Hew York, where an ascent was made to 

about 12,000 feet. This ascent demonstrated that the air was unstable to 

the extent that any lifting accomplished by any means would release large 

amounts of rain. The airplane flight made at the same time at Washington 

showed much colder air and demonstrated conclusively the existence of the 

cold front shown on the surface map between New York and Washington. The 

rains are still heavy to the west of the stationary front, which has a 

steep slope to the west as one ascends. This steep front, as before, 

offers a barrier over which the tropical air cannot extend to very high 

levels but must turn back and move toward the northeast at high levels. 

This piling up of air east of the stationary front causes the convergence, which, as already mentioned, is one of the two major rain-producing 

factors where no fronts exist. South of the low-pressure center the occluded front has been changed to a cold front, which is the usual procedure when the occluded effects aloft have less importance than the surface effects. In the north the warm front continues to move slowly
18 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

northward. The air to the west is now called PC, which has come down from 

the north and taken the place of the PC + Pp and the Pp at the surface.

The map for March 18, 7:30 p.m. (fig. 12), shows little change from 

the preceding map. The cold front that was in Connecticut would have 

helped to explain the heavy rains in Connecticut and Massachusetts, but 

it is now impossible to find. The only indication that the front may exist is found in the steady progress of the heavy rains northward and the 

diminution of the rains to the south. The heaviest rains are now occurring in New England, while the rains farther south that are continuing to 

decrease in intensity are coming out of the unstable polar air rather 

than from overrunning tropical air. The stationary front remains with a 

good temperature discontinuity on either side of it, but the rains along 

it are spotted in intensity, indicating that there is now no active overrunning of the polar air by the tropical air and also that much of the 

tropical air has been displaced by the highly modified pola-r air that was 

found behind the cold front that had previously been so active.

The next map, March 19, 7:30 a.m. (fig. 13), continues to show moderate to heavy rains only in New Hampshire and Maine. Again the cold 

front that had been dropped would help to explain the rains at Portland 

and Greenville, Maine. Otherwise the rains must all be attributed to the 

convergence of the tropical air except in the mountains,- where the orographic influences played the major role. Another occlusion is shown on 

the map which formed in a manner similar to the occlusion that has been 

discussed in connection with an earlier map. Now there are good indications that the center of activity will be transferred to the north, where 

an Incipient low-pressure area appears at Canton, N. Y« With the center 

displaced to the north one may expect the stationary front to begin to 

move around this new center with a cessation of all except light rains or 

snows after the front passage.

On the succeeding map, March 19, 7:30 p.m. (fig. 14), the expectations are fulfilled. The southern low-pressure center has disappeared, 

while the northern one has intensified, and the stationary front has become a cold front with a definite movement toward the east. The heaviest 

rains have occurred with the passage of the cold front moving northward 

over New England. The tropical air has now been displaced almost entirely within the United States boundary by the polar-air masses. The frontal system that has entered the area from the southwest does not come 

into this discussion.
WEATHER ASSOCIATED WITH THE FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 19

One more map, Marcli 20, 7:30 a.m. (fig. 15), is presented to finish 

this series. The cold fronts are moving rapidly off the area, and the 

precipitation has now become negligible and Is entirely associated with 

the polar-air masses.

No attempt has been made in this discussion to connect the weather 

or precipitation directly with the floods. The writer has only discussed 

the analysis of the weather that occurred during the flood periods. An 

attempt has been made to explain the immediate causes that produced the 

excessive water in the form of rain, snow, and melting snow, without considering the large-scale phenomena that make such excessive precipitation 

and mild temperatures and consequent floods possible.

Bibliography

For any one who is further interested in some of the problems discussed above, there is included a short bibliography.

Byers, H. R., Synoptic and aeronautical meteorology, McGraw-Hill, 

1937.

Willett, H. C., American air-mass properties: Jour. Aeron. Sci«, 

April 1934.

BJerknes, J., and Solberg, H., Meteorological conditions for the 

formation of rain: Geofys. Pub., vol. 2, no. 3, Oslo, 1921.

Rossby, C. G., Thermodynamics applied to air-mass analysis: Massachusetts Inst. Technology, Meteorol. Papers, vol. 1, no. 3, 1932.

Refsdal, A., Der feuchtlabile Niederschlag: Geofys. Pub., vol. 5, 

no. 12, Oslo, 1928.

Petterssen, S., Contributions to the theory of frontogenesis: 

<Seofys, Pub., vol. 11, no. 6, Oslo, 1936.

Lichtblau, S., Upper-air cold fronts in North America: Monthly 

Weather Rev., vol. 64, December 1936.
20 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Explanation of symbols used on maps (figs. 6-17) 

O Clear C) Partly cloudy £ Overcast

 Light rain J Moderate rain Heavy rain

. H- Light snow (; Moderate snow -X- Heavy snow

* *

=; Light or moderate fog = Dense fog

Drizzle -v7 Showers

Light sleet oo Light freezing "^7-X- Snow flurries

rain (glaze)

Q Wind in Beaufort notation; -for example, clear, force 5 from NW.

50 52 *L Upper figure designates temperature. Lower figure desig- 

.95 %6

nates amount of precipitation, in inches, in 12 hours

preceding observation. Figure and symbol at right 

indicate the amount, in hundredths of an inch, and 

character of barometer change in previous 3 hours; 

for example, wind force 3 from NE., overcast with 

moderate rain at time of observation. Barometer falling unsteadily 0.06 Inch in 3 hours preceding observation

r 7 Thunderstorm; the times of beginning and ending are given. The time 

of ending is not given for thunderstorms continuing at the time 

of observation

 Light lines are isobars drawn for each tenth of an inch

Fronts are shown by heavier lines or dots or combinations of dots and 

dashes, designated in the following manner:

 Cold front Upper-air cold front 

....... Warm front Upper-air warm front

 ' Occluded front Stationary front
58'

99'

; g.,, ...^
22

«<»» OF mROB W36__

POTOMC, JAJHES, AMD

UPPER OHIO RIVKRS

55*

w ______________\ ___________ 85

Figure 7. Surface weather chart of eastern Oinlted States, 

7tSO a.m., March 16, 1936.
WEATHER ASSOCIATED WITH TEE FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 23

*

PREPARED BY U. S. WEATHER BUREAU

0.1

35"

Figure 8.--Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 

7:30 p.m., March 16, 1936.
FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

7 ^^ V

PREPARED BY U. S. WEATHER BUREAU

Figure

90° 85-

-Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 

7:30 a.m., March 17, 1936.
55°
FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

90" 85"

Figure 11. Surface weather chart of eastern United States,

7:30 a.m., March 18, 1936.
WEATHER ASSOCIATED WITH THE FLOODS OP MARCH 1956 

75°______________7C°

27

PREPARED BY U. S. WEATHER BUREAU

.2

Figure 12. Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 

7:30 p.m., March 18, 1936.
S8

55'

FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

50°i

45°

v 7~X ________

PREPARED BY U. S. WEATHER BUREAU " '

40*

13. Su

90° 85

irfa.ce weather chart of eastern U 

7:30 a.m., March 19, 1936.

30

FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

rs!______ 79°__________eg"_______

^ y N>^ ^ 7-^ 

PREPARED BY U. S. WEATHER BUREAU

( X 1'' I V i A cr - - -

so'

45

95

09

Figure 15. Surface weather chart of eastern United States, 

7:30 a.m., March 20, 1936.
1SEATHER ASSOCIATED WITH THE FLOODS OF MARCH 1936

Temperature "C.

f?e/afire ftum/dff(/ %

£QU/\scr/enf Temperafare

S/?ec///c

Figure 16. Vertical cross section of atmosphere, March. 17, 1936.

Figure 17. Isobarlc chart at 10,000 feet altitude, Harob 17, 1936.
32 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

FLOODS OF THE POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

The storms of March 9 to 22, 1936, caused unusual floods in the basins of the Potomac and James Rivers and the intermediate river basins 

including the Rappahannock and York Rivers and minor coastal streams. 

The floods were extraordinarily severe on direct and indirect tributaries 

of the Ohio River at and above Pittsburgh, Pa., far exceeding in magnitude any floods previously recorded an. the lower reaches of the Allegheny 

and Monongahela Rivers and causing unprecedented disaster in the city of 

Pittsburgh. (See fig. 18.) The effects of the flood were felt throughout the length of the Ohio River, but in decreasing amounts below Pittsburgh.

The conditions preceding the storms that were the immediate causes 

of these floods consisted of a series of meteorologic and hydrologic phenomena that were so synchronized and combined as to produce conditions 

conducive to severe floods. The winter of 1935-36 was marked by longcontinued periods of low temperatures and heavy falls of snow. During 

December snowfalls of 30 to 40 inches were reported in the highlands of 

the Allegheny Mountain region, and in the northern Blue Ridge region the 

snowfall probably exceeded 40 inches in many places. At the end of December most of the area was covered by a heavy mantle of snow.

Mild temperatures during the first half of January reduced the depth 

of snow on the ground to some extent, but low temperatures and additional 

snowfall continued during the later part of January and until the middle 

of February. Some of the rivers in Maryland and Virginia had sudden 

rises in stage on February 15, with discharges approaching those of minor 

floods, although the general break-up of ice-covered streams in-the upper 

parts of the Potomac River Basin and in the Allegheny River and Monongahela River Basins did not occur until 10 to 14 days later.

At the end of February the Weather Bureau report for Pennsylvania 

stated that a heavy snow cover remained on most fields throughout the 

month. In some places where the snow cover was light the frost was reported to have penetrated the ground to a depth of 3 feet or more. Near

the end of the month the heavy snow and ice cover, with its large water

£.

content, was regarded as an unusual flood menace.

High temperatures during the first 10 days in March were followed by 

the rains of March 11-12. The maximum precipitation during this storm,

* U. S. Weather Bureau, Climatological data, vol. 23, no. 2, February 1936.
FLOODS OF THE POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS
34 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

slightly exceeding 3 Inches over small areas In the South Mountains in 

Maryland and the Blue Ridge in Virginia, was not unusual and produced 

only minor floods on most of the rivers, although some tributaries of the 

Allegheny River at this time reached their highest stages of the flood 

period.

The precipitation of the second storm, March 17-18, greatly exceeded 

that of the storm of the previous week, 6 inches or more being recorded 

for areas in the upper parts of the drainage basins in the Allegheny 

Mountains in Pennsylvania and the Blue Ridge in Virginia and Maryland. 

A considerable portion of the precipitation of the storm of March 17-18 

in the Allegheny River Basin above Oil City, Pa., was in the form of snow 

and sleet, thereby producing a much lesser run-off from that area than 

might have occurred if it had been in the form of rain.

For the area covered by this report the heaviest precipitation of 

the total storm period occurred in a zone extending along the Blue Ridge 

and the Allegheny Mountains. The precipitation was heavy over the entire 

region except in the Coastal Plain, where the total precipitation for the 

period was about 3 inches.

The distribution of the total precipitation over the period March 9 

to 22 was such that three or more flood peaks occurred on some of the 

rivers. (See fig. 40.) The run-off from the second and third storms began while the rivers were still burdened with the run-off from the previous storms, so that the later flood peaks were to some extent superimposed upon portions of the earlier floods. This condition produced flood 

discharges that exceeded any records previously obtained on many of the 

rivers, especially those in the Potomac, Allegheny, and Monongahela River 

Basins. Not only were many previous maximum records for these rivers 

exceeded, but the areal extent of the high run-off, both as to intensity 

and as to total volume, was unusually great. In this respect the floods 

of March 1936 differed from local floods produced by storms of the cloudburst type.

The wide margin by which maximum stages and discharges of the flood 

on the Ohio River exceeded previous known occurrences, which was so outstanding at Pittsburgh, Pa., diminished progressively below that place. 

The crest stages of this flood exceeded previous records downstream to 

Lock 14 at Woodland, W. Va., about 24 miles below Wheeling, and about 114 

miles below Pittsburgh. As the 1936 flood passed down the Ohio River the 

precipitousness and relative magnitude of the rise greatly decreased and
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATEK-STJPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 1

A. DEBRIS LEFT BY THE FLOOD AT JOHNSTOWN, PA.

Johnstown is at the junction of the Conemaugh River and Stony Creek. Courtesy of Wide World

Photos, Inc.

B. STEEL MILLS ON THE MONONGAHELA RIVER AT PITTSBURGH, PA., INUNDATED

BY THE FLOOD WATERS.

Courtesy of International News Photos.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 2

A. AIRPORT AT WASHINGTON, D. C., COVERED BY FLOOD WATERS OF THE POTOMAC

RIVER, MARCH 19, 1936.

Official photograph. United States Army Air Corps.

B. CONSTRUCTING TEMPORARY DIKES AT RICHMOND, VA., TO PROTECT AGAINST 

OVERFLOW FROM THE JAMES RIVER.

Courtesy of the Richmond News Leader.
FLOODS OP THE POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 35

the waters merged with tributary inflow until at the mouth the influence 

of the extreme conditions on the upper river was greatly moderated.

In a "Report of loss and damage, March 1936 flood in Pennsylvania," 

prepared by the State director for the National Emergency Council, the 

loss in the Ohio River Basin in Pennsylvania is given as greater than 

$106,000,000, which is more than half of the estimated loss suffered 

through the entire State during the flood. It is also stated that 80 

persons lost their lives in Pennsylvania during the flood, but the number 

in the Ohio River Basin is not given. The United States Weather Bureau 

on pages 30-31 of the Monthly Weather Review for January 1937, in a summary of flood losses during the year 1936, estimates the flood loss to 

have been about $15,000,000 in the Ohio River Basin below Pittsburgh. 

Preliminary compilations by the Corps of Engineers, United States Army, 

indicated that the losses in the Potomac River Basin were approximately 

$2,000,000. Plates 1 to 4 and 7 to 16 illustrate conditions experienced 

in the Potomac, James, and Ohio River Basins.

Maximum discharges published in this report were not materially affected by storage in reservoirs. The few small reservoirs that were in 

operation in March 1936 and available for storage of flood run-off were 

on small streams and of so small capacities that their effects were practically negligible.

Figure 19 shows graphic comparisons of stages reached by the floods 

of March 1936 and other floods during the periods of record at four rivermeasurement stations in the Ohio River Basin where long-time records of 

stages are available. These graphs show how the floods of March 1936 com-, 

pared with previous floods recorded at these stations. This comparison 

is typical of many of the rivers covered by this report, especially those 

in the Potomac, Allegheny, and Monongahela River Basins.

Basic information regarding these very extraordinary floods has been 

compiled in this report for future reference and study. With respect to 

the Ohio River, there are included not only records of the streams of the 

upper river basin that experienced flood conditions but also the available 

records of the stage and discharge of the river from Pittsburgh, Pa., to 

the mouth at Cairo, 111., and the inflow of the principal tributaries, In 

order to afford data for study of the important phenomena associated with 

the transmission of flood waves in the Ohio River. The adopted method 

of presentation has been to assemble pertinent facts and statistics in 

sections under subject headings such as "Meteorologic and hydrologic
FLOODS OF MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Ohio River 

at Pittsburgh, Pa

1760 1780 1800 1820 1840 1860 

Year

1900 1920

Figure 19. Stages reached by the flood of March 1936 and previous known floods 

at various river-measurement stations in the Ohio River Basin.
. ver and adj

Figure 20.-

FLOODS OP THE POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

0 10 20 30 40 MILES

Figure 22. Drainage basins of the Allegheny and Honongahela Rivera.
I JM > 0/1 S it

Figure 23. Region adjacent to the Ohio River between Pi
METEOROLOGIC AND HYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS 41

conditions", "Stages and discharges at river-measurement stations during 

the flood period", and "Rainfall and run-off studies", as Indicated in 

the table of contents. Under these headings the data are generally 

arranged by drainage basins, It being assumed that they will be most commonly used In relation to drainage-basin subdivisions and river systems.

Succeeding discussions and tabulations of precipitation and flood 

discharge and stage are related to subdivisions of the area covered ty 

this report to show groups of major river basins and geographic regions 

as follows:

Potomac River Basin. (See fig. 20.)

Rappahannock, York, James, and Roanoke River Basins.

(See fig. 21.)

Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins. (See fig. 22.) 

Region adjacent to the Ohio River between Pittsburgh, Pa., 

and Cairo, 111. (See fig. 23.)

METEOROLOGIC AND HYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS

In view of the exceptional magnitude of the flood flows In many 

areas a special effort has been made to collect, compile, and present In 

this report all available basic Information relating to rainfall, to 

snowfall and Its water content, and to temperature and frost conditions 

that may have had a bearing on the characteristics of the floods of March 

1936. The Information has been analyzed to a moderate extent, and the effects of meteorologlc conditions on flood run-off are discussed In this 

section of the report»

If each of the meteorologlc phenomena over the area is considered 

separately, no departures from the normal that are sufficient to have 

caused so unusual a flood are disclosed. There have been colder winters 

with more snow, Individual storms with precipitation exceeding that of 

the March storms, and higher temperatures In the early spring. However, 

consideration of"the magnitude and favorable timing of the events as a 

whole discloses extremely unusual conditions. It Is also evident that 

with only slightly different timing or combination of events and conditions the flood run-off In many areas might have been much greater. The 

meteorologlc and related data are here presented In detail, with a view 

to their usefulness to engineers and others who are studying the basic 

causes of floods and remedial measures for protection therefrom.
42 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Precipitation records 

General

All available records of precipitation for the period March 9-22, 

which embraced the storms primarily causing the flood, are published in 

the three volumes of the flood report, each volume containing the records directly relating to the group of drainage basins treated therein. 

In addition there has been included a brief summary of precipitation for 

the months December, January, and February preceding the flood. (See 

table 2.) The records compiled in table 1 relate to the Potomac, Rappahannock, York, James, Allegheny, and Monongahela River Basins. In general the records are grouped by major basins and subdivided by States. 

Records in adjoining minor basins are listed under the heading "Minor 

basins."

Records of precipitation have been obtained chiefly from the United 

States Weather Bureau. Records were also obtained from numerous other 

sources, as indicated in the tables, and these additional records have 

been of great value in supplementing the Weather Bureau data. By their 

collection and inclusion in this report they are made available for future 

reference.

The figures represent the amounts of precipitation as reported by 

observers and are not strictly comparable on individual days, as the observations at the various stations were not always made simultaneously. 

The amount as recorded usually represents the rainfall for the 24-hour 

period preceding the time of observation. Rainfall occurring during the 

daylight hours may be recorded undel* the date of occurrence when observations are made in the late afternoon or under the date of the following 

day when the observations are made in the early morning.

Distribution of rainfall

In general throughout the area from Maine to Virginia all of the 

precipitation relating to the floods, except such as occurred in the form 

of snow prior to March 9, occurred during the 14-day period March 9-22.

Fortunately the meteorologic conditions during the storm period were 

so similar over the entire area that the record in each basin, with the 

exception of the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins, could be treated 

uniformly as follows:
PRECIPITATION RECORDS 43

Table 1 .-Dally precipitation, in inches, March 1936 

(Measured In the afternoon except as noted)

Station

Potonac River Basin

Vest Virginia:

Bayard **

Brandywlne

Circleville

Harpers Ferry **

Kearneysville

Martinsburg **

MoNeill

Piedmont

Romney **

Stony River Dam

Upper Tract

Wardens vi He **

Pennsylvania:

Chambersburg

Gettysburg

Byndman

Lake Gordon Dam

Merceraburg (a)

Maryland :

Boyds

Chewsvllle

Clear Spring

College Park

Cumberland **

Snmitsburg

Frederick

Prostburg

Oreat Falls **

Hancock (Tonoloway)

Hancock (City) **

Keedysville

La Plata

Pioardy

State Sanatorium

Takoma

Veateraport

Westminster

District of Columbia:

Washington ***

Virginia:

Berryville

Clarendon **

Dahlgren ***

Dale Enterprise 

Lincoln

Hanesaas

Monterey

Mount Weather

North River Dam

Quantieo ***

Rlverton

Sexton Shelter ***

Shenandoah Camp No. 3 **

Sta union **

Timbervllle

Winchester **

Woodstock

9

_

.

-

-

-

.

-

-

.

-

_

-

Tr.

-

0.03

.12

-

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

.

-

-

-

_

-

-

-

_

.

-

-

-

_

-

10

_

-

Tr.

-

-

_

-

Tr.

0.43

-

_

Tr.

_

Tr.

.04

.22

-

.01

Tr.

Tr.

.02

.03

Tr.

Tr.

*

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

.10

Tr.

Tr.

.03

.05

Tr.

.07

Tr.

-

.34

Tr. 

.03

.01

.28

.28

-

.02

_

-

-

-

.03

_

-

11

0.54

.20

.34

.39

1.33

.10

.34

.52

.72

.24

_

.75

1.38

.82

.10

.72

1.93

.65

1.09

1.10

.91

.15

1.50

1.58

.90

.38

.83

.10

.51

.90

.30

2.30

.70

.50

1.38

1.47

.85

.48

.93

.35 

2.03

1.61

.21

1.04

.61

1.50

.64

3.20

.

.34

.30

.30

.48

12

0.08

.30

.20

1.54

1.03

1.40

.34

.23

.01

.10

Tr.

.59

.83

1.14

1.05

.52

-

.93

.95

.96

1.10

.35

.80

.62

.30

.96

.93

.72

.60

1.06

.72

.90

.90

.28

1.31

.70

1.00

1.41

.87

.68

1.11

.24

.64

-

.73

.72

_

3.30

.36

.95

1.04

1.01

13

0.12

.10

.38

.55

Tr.

.70

.03

.09

.

.26

_

.21

_

.03

Tr.

-

-

.04

.02

Tr.

Tr.

.22

.20

.02

Tr.

.68

Tr.

.47

.02

.15

Tr.

.25

Tr.

Tr.

.11

Tr.

Tr.

.42

-

-

Tr.

.23

.08

.38

-

.59

.42

.40

.33

-

.43

.02

14

0.33

-

Tr.

-

-

_

Tr.

-

.

-

_

-

_

-

.03

.08

-

_

Tr.

Tr.

-

Tr.

_

-

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

-

Tr.

-

_

Tr.

-

-

_

Tr.

-

-

-

-

.

-

_

_

-

-

-

_

-

15

Tr.

-

-

-

-

.

-

.

-

-

_

-

_

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

_

-

_

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

_

-

,-

-

_

-

-

-

.

-

-

-

_

.

-

-

-

_

-

16

2.37

.25

-

-

-

_

.58

.02

.01

-

.60

-

-

Tr.

.04

.76

-

Tr.

Tr.

.06

Tr.

-

Tr.

Tr.

.16

-

Tr.

_

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

.12

.06

Tr.

_

-

.02

-

3.70

-

-

.01

_

.49

.50

-

-

_

-

17

1.14

3.75

8.64

.21

1.30

.60

4.00

3.72

5.00

1.80

3 9^

1.75

1.33

.08

*

3.75

3.39

.32

.68

1.68

.15

.85

.40

.10

4.20

Tr.

4.13

.78

.70

.46

4.65

.50

*

3.80

.19

.74

2.25

.02

.80

3.10

.44

1.71

1.69

-

.53

.91

3.00

3.50

1.14

4.75

.49

3.61

18

_

1.05

1.97

2.11

.63

1.85

U32

.85

1.29

1.36

.76

3.93

.77

.63

5.18

.26

.35

.63

1.15

.98

.89

4.00

1.50

1.00

1.23

*

1.05

4.02

.80

.68

.85

1.2Q

.90

.85

1.05

.11

.65

.63

.68

.65 

58

.48

.62

.89

3.61

.35

3.38

3.30

2.92

3.27

1.50

3.20

.80

19

0.50

-

.05

-

.10

.30

.22

-

.15

.32

-

.30

.45

.58

.11

-

-

.06

.11

.48

.14

.35

.65

.35

.05

*

.07

.29

.08

.08

.15

.23

.10

.20

.40

.07

_

.12

-

.10

.11

-

.12

-

Tr.

.20

-

-

.58

.08

.27

.04

20

-

-

-

-

-

Tr.

Tr.

0.02

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.46

.48

.

-

-

-

-

_

-

.

1.23

-

.03

-

-

-

-

_-'

-

.45

-

.05

.32

-

.74

-

-

.83

_

-

-

-

-

_

-

21

1.34

.85

.98

1.13

.82

.90

1.15

1.21

1.48

.50

1.00

1.12

.36

.69

-

-

-

.65

.52

.36

.70

.60

.65

.75

.80

.84

.78

.60

.92

.58

.86

.87

.50

.97

.94

.01

1.02

.48

.29

.67 

1.12

.52

-

-

.93

.22

.76

-

-

.80

.73

1.48

.67

22

0.90

-

.07

-

~

.05

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Tr.

-

-

-

.08

-

.01

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

.67

.60

-

-

_

-

* Included in next measurement. 

** Measured In the morning. 

*** Measured at midnight, 

(a) Data furnished by Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters.
FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AHD UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 1.-Daily precipitation, in inches, March 1936 Continued 

(Measured In the afternoon except as noted)

Station

Rappahannoek River and

York River Basins

Virginia: 

Big Meadows **

Camp No. 1

Christchurch

Culpeper

Fredericksburg

Mineral

Orange 

Panorama

Rattlesnake Point

Tappahannock

Walkerton

James River Baain

Virginia: 

Afton

Balcony Falls *** 

Buchanan **

Clifton Forge

Columbia

Deerfield

Fannville 

Hopewell

Hot Springs

Langley Field *** 

Lexington

Lynchburg 

New Canton 

Norfolk ***

Powhaten

Richmond *** 

Ifilliamsburg

Ohio River Basin

Allegheny River Basin 

 Jew York:

Allegany State Park 

Franklinville 

Jamestown 

Olean

>ennsylrania;

Advance (a) 

Atwood (a)

Bradford 

Brookville 

Chanfcersville

Corry 

Cresson la) 

Dalton Run (a) 

Derry 

Ebensburg

Franklin ** 

Hinckston Run (a) 

Home (a) 

Johnstown 

Kane

Kinteraburg (a) 

Latrobe (a) 

Laurel Run (a) 

Lock No. 3 (a) 

Lock No. 5 **

9

~

-

-

-

-

.0

.01

Tr.

.58 

.10

.64 

.10

.02 

.80 

.12

.82 

.30 

.84

.06

Tr.

.43 

.40 

.15 

Tr. 

.34

.08 

.08 

.21 

Tr.

10

*

*

.20 

.67

.48 

.01

.64 

.05

.09 

.04

.98

.04

.29 

.04

-

.09

.02 

.12 

.27

Tr. 

.03

.24

05 

05 

10

11

1.2

1.0

.8

.6 

.04

.1

.6

1.4

.1 

.6

.6 

.8 

1.1

1.18

1.18 

2.24

.26 

.10 

.36 

Tr.

.35

.22 

.07 

.55

.35 

.70 

.53 

.61 

.88

.37 

.80 

.03 

.43

.74

.40 

.45 

.06 

.05

12

.9 

.7

.24 

.34

.70 

.06

.25

.14

.18

.33 

.02

.26 

.30 

.10

.20

.30

.10

.31 

.35 

.08 

.48

.08

.46 

.60 

.30

.17 

.08 

.25 

.32 

.50

.58 

.35

.30 

.37

.08 

.20 

.25 

.46 

.45

13

_

.0

.0 

.0

.2 

Tr

.2

Tr

-

.11 

.20 

.20 

.30

.10 

.22

.10

.29

.03 

.06 

.03

.12 

.07 

.30 

.20 

.40

.01 

.02 

.02 

.06

14

-

-

_

-

_

-

-

.as 

.11

.15 

.20

.10 

.10 

.11

.11 

.12 

.14 

.09 

.15

15

04 

Tr.

19 

11 

15 

Tr. 

02

15

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

.01 

.03

.05 

.03

.16 

.10

.02

.13 

.08

.26 

.17 

.20 

12 

Tr.

08 

03 

20 

16 

13

16

*

.1 

.4

-

.1 

Tr

Tr

Tr. 

Tr.

.15 

.99

.16 

.81 

.96

.80 

.35 

.00 

.75

.27 

.20

.08 

.63

.00 

72 

55 

52 

66

17

*

3.9

3.8 

3.2

8.4

2.7

4.1 

3.7

.60

3.05 

8.08

8.30 

.87

.75 

.62 

.86

.93 

.00 

.79 

*21 

.13

.84 

.95

.43 

.47

.93 

.98 

.09 

.44 

.87

18

*

*

.2

.2

4.3 

2.4

.1 

.4

.2

.7 

.0

.34 

.2

Tr.

.37

.60 

.30 

.25

.95

.38 

.61 

.84

.84

.86 

.54

.28 

.38

.10 

.48 

.65 

.80 

.69

18 

35 

41 

60 

46

19

,Z

.1

.0

.05 

.3

Tr.

.50 

.57

Tr. 

.40

.30

.55 

.80 

.26

.37 

.30 

.08 

.86 

.38

.06 

.84

Tr.

.89

.06 

12

08

31

20

-

.66

.20 

.62

.32

.31

Tr.

.48

.28 

Tr.

.32

.01 

.15

.34

.03

.45

.57 

.08

.51

.07

.16 

02 

64 

05 

04

21

1.0

.04

.0

.28 

.2

.06

.67 

.49 

.90 

.12

.30

.34 

.16 

.31

.77

.65 

.68

.31

.52

.30 

.57

.21 

.38

L.07

22

-

-

-

-

;

-

Tr.

.16

.40

.02 

.05

.08

.10 

.02

.23

* Included in next measurement. 

** Measured in the morning. 

*** Measured at midnight, 

(a) Data furnished by Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters.
PRECIPITATION RECORDS 45

1.-Dally precipitation, in inches. March 1936 Continued 

(Measured in the afternoon except as noted)

Station

Ohio Blver Basin-Continued

Allegheny Diver Basin-Continued

Pennsylvania-Continued

Luxor (a)

Lye Ippus

Meadville

$Jill Creek (a)

Mosgrove **

Natrona **

North Fork (a)

Onberg (a)

Barkers Landing **

Piney (a)

Pittsburgh ***

Quemahoning (a)

Hldgnay

Saltlick (a)

Saltsburg **

Sheloota (a)

Smethport **

Springdale **

Tannery (a)

Titusville (a)

yandergrift ***

Warren

fillet (a)

Monongahela River Basin

West Virginia;

Aberdeen

Alpena

Bens on

Brownsville

Buokhannon

Clarksburg **

Cratiford **

Dam 10 **

Dam 15 **

Davls **

Elkins ***

Fairmont **

Orafton **

Horner

Jane lew

Lost Creek

Manning ton

Morgantown

Parsons

Parsons No. 2

Philippi

P tokens

Reedsville

Roanoke

Terra Alta

Thomas **

Valley Chapel

Vandalia

West Milford

We s ton

Maryland:

Friendsville

Orantsville

Oakland

Sines ***

9

0.13

.03

.90

.23

.05

.04

.21

.12

.31

.10

.05

.20

.21

.25

-

.08

.04

Tr.

,08

-

.04

.31

.15

Tr.

_

-

-

Tr.

_

-

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

_

.08

Tr.

_

-

.02

.07

Tr.

-

Tr.

.

_

.26

_

-

_

-

_

_

-

Tr.

.05

Tr.

.10

10

_

0.10

-

.02

.11

.06

.02

-

Tr.

-

_

.05

.06

.05

.01

_

Tr.

.05

-

-

_

-

.08

.ZS

_

-

.21

-

.06

.18

.09

.10

-

_

.02

.25

-

.20

.03

.10

.08

.10

-

.30

_

-

.21

.21

_

.06

.21

_

.21

.30

.10

.10

.08

11

0.41

.51

.04

.46

.05

.08

.48

.56

.08

.6?

.44

.39

.04

.35

.08

.80

-

.06

.58

.45

.42

.34

.55

.19

.13

.25

.29

.38

.

.28

Tr.

.04

Tr.

.12

.33

.20

.80

.25

.18

.21

.30

.11

.13

_

.18

.33

.29

.22

.12

.21

.24

_

.17

.25

.48

.24

.24

12

0.31

.40

.16

.23

.57

.52

.17

.25

.56

.18

.05

.16

.59

.26

.10

.09

.30

.46

.18

.20

.20

.40

.32

.27

.52

.12

.14

.24

.33

.12

.42

.32

.29

.46

.24

.18

.25

.20

.05

.11

.10

.50

.50

.35

.48

.29

.13

.18

.30

.22

.27

.30

.32

.50

.20

.35

.43

13

0.10

.06

.13

.03

.12

.14

.02

.17

.08

.12

.01

.03

.35

.03

.70

Tr.

.05

.02

_

-

.02

.26

.21

.11

.50

,08

.15

.08

.07

.16

.07

.14

.36

.15

_

-

.30

.08

.08

.12

.08

Tr.

.13

.101

.30

.12

.03

.31

.32

.10

_

.20

.22

.02

.16

.05

.02

14

0.15

.13

.12

.19

.07

.02

.10

.24

.18

.26

.10

.12

.03

.32

.16

*

.02

Tr.

.13

.40

_

.03

-

_

-

.05

-

-

_

-

_

-

-

_

Tr.

-

-

-

Tr.

.01

-

-

_

-

.08

-

Tr.

_

-

-

_

-

Tr.

.17

Tr.

.04

15

_

0.05

.05

.13

.10

.22

.13

.07

.30

.17

.04

.07

Tr.

.15

-

.48

.25

.15

.03

.10

.22

.09

-

_

-

-

.

-

_

-

.04

-

-

_

.09

-

-

-

_

.01

Tr.

-

-

_

-

_

_

-

_

-

-

_

-

_

-

-

-

16

1.05

1.00

-

1.05

.67

.56

1.39

.93

.93

.87

.91

.98

.63

.97

.53

*

.55

.52

.98

-

.61

.14

1.05

.49

-

.65

.58

.50

.08

.38

.09

.10

-

.21

1.89

.50

.50

.55

.60

.60

.90

.15

.12

.02

.34

.52

.55

.15

.

.61

.45

.70

.24

.68

.23

.15

.23

17

1.40

3.00

1.34

3.68

1.47

1.68

3.32

3.98

1.53

3.72

1.78

3.80

1.35

4.50

2.50

4.43

.75

1.44

3.86

1.45

1.93

1.18

2.30

1.96

1.98

1.55

1.57

2.48

1.66

2.39

2.42

1.98

2.00

3.32

.43

.25

2.25

1.79

1.98

1.93

1.90

2.93

2.36

1.80

2.12

2.16

1.90

2.15

1.72

1.25

1.95

1.65

1.40

2.60

3.82

2.60

2.96

18

0.50

1.07

.49

.54

2.29

1.64

.43

.21

2.14

1.21

.37

.60

.56

-

_

2.70

1.60

.19

-

.06

1.21

1.21

1.10

.70

.47

.25

1.16

.76

1.28

1.01

1.90

.55

.06

.35

.35

.78

.33

.47

.30

-

.83

.75

.60

.18

.65

1.01

1.74

.80

_

1.00

1.32

.50

.71

1.11

.47

19

0.40

.23

-

.02

.05

.26

.04

.12

.22

.19

.07

.17

-

.20

.25

.50

.08

.07

.15

.10

.27

.39

.16

.35

.42

.16

.31

.27

.27

.27

.90

Tr.

Tr.

1.05

.10

.10

.21

.30

.08

-

.17

.42

.40

-

.35

.25

.4&

.42

-

_

.66

.10

.27

.13

.08

20

_

0.03

-

.42

.07

.06

-

-

Tr.

.03

.20

.80

.62

2.10

_

.13

.05

.02

-

.05

-

Tr.

-

-

-

.20

_

.02

.03

-

.20

.15

.46

.35

-

-

Tr.

.02

Tr.

Tr.

-

.05

-

1.10

.02

-

_

_

-

-

.10

Tr.

Tr.

.04

.12

21

0.11

.53

.26

-

.17

1.05

-

.41

.60

.47

.64

-

-

.42

.18

.25

.50

.26

.95

.80

.35

1.30

3.00

.76

.87

1.25

.54

.71

1.24

.72

1.70

1.34

.16

1.25

-

.91

.27

.80

.80

.97

1.60

.90

1.10

.90

.79

1.13

2.00

.78

2.09

.85

.39

.80

.92

.25

.00

22

0.05

-

-

-

-

.16

-

-

.12

-

_

-

-

-

_

.02

.05

-

-

-

-

.

-

-

-

-

.03

-

.20

.09

.10

_

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

.10

-

_

-

-

-

-

.30

.40

-

-

-

_

-

-

-

* Included in next measurement, 

** Measured in the morning. 

*** Measured at midnight, 

(a) Data furnished by Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters.
46 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 1 .-Daily precipitation, in inches, March. 1936 Continued 

(Measured in the afternoon except as noted)

Station

Ohio BlTer Basin-Continued

Honongahela BlTer Buin-Contimaai

Pennsylvania:

Clalrton ***

Confluence **

Connellsvllle (a)

Donora **

Elk Lick

Greensboro **

Greensburg

Irwin

Kregar **

Lake Lynn **

Lock Ho. 4 **

McKeesport **

Neve 11

Pittsburgh ***

Somerset

Union-town

Unity Reservoir

Waynesburg

West [teuton **

Ohio River Basin proper

Pennsylvania:

Beaver Dam **

Beaver Falls **

Boydstown Reservoir (a)

Butler

Claysville

Oreenville

Orove City

Herra Island Dam **

Linesville **

Look No. 2 (Nevills)

Mount Lebanon

New Castle **

Pennline **

Pyma tuning Dam (a)

Sharon **

Thorn Run Reservoir (a)

Westford **

Ohio:

Alliance

Cadiz

Canfield

Ellavorth

Hiram

Kinsman **

lake Milton

Hillport

Minsral Ridge

Phalanx

Warren

Youngs toira **

West Virginia:

New Cumberland **

Wheeling **

9

0.0

_

Tr

Tr

-

Tr

.05

.10

.26

-

_

-

.02

.05

.03

.05

.09

.11

-

.02

.04

.21

.12

.04

.85

.25

Tr.

.39

Tr.

.03

.16

.30

1.10

.49

.20

-

.21

.04

.22

.24

.60

_

.45

.08

.39

.52

.58

.38

.05

Tr.

10

_

0.18

.0

.0

.1

.10

.06

.02

.04

.14

.10

Tr

.12

_

.22

.09

.07

_

.08

.06

.05

-

-

.02

_

-

.06

_

.03

.

Tr.

_

-

Tr.

_

-

_

_

_

Tr.

-

_

-

-

-

-

.08

-

.01

.03

11

0.48

_

.03

.14

-

.04

.57

.40

.49

.01

.11

.06

.10

.44

.29

.53

.45

.29

.08

Tr.

Tr.

.23

-

.25

.05

.15

.06

.21

.01

.23

.03

_

Tr.

-

.10

.84

.10

.83

.16

.14

.12

.27

.15

.04

.18

.35

.20

Tr.

.16

-

18

0.04

.58

.51

.41

.20

.56

.81

.28

.18

.66

.43

.35

.40

.05

.28

.26

.35

.07

.46

.31

.25

.86

.41

.37

.13

.10

.27

_

.38

.04

.17

.34

.83

.29

.40

.06

.19

Tr.

.10

.88

Tr.

.03

Tr.

.12

.14

-

.17

.27

.24

.25

13

0.01

_

.09

.02

-

.10

.06

.14

.08

.11

.12

.01

Tr.

.01

.15

.07

.07

Tr.

.05

.06

.12

.07

.30

.01

.05

.04

.03

.11

.03

.04

.07

.03

.05

.07

_

.10

.07

.08

.06

.05

.06

.03

.15

.08

.01

-

.08

.80

Tr.

.02

14

0.06

_

_

-

.20

.01

.03

.06

.14

-

Tr.

_

_

.10

.18

.05

.03

_

-

Tr.

Tr.

_

.22

.04

.15

.02

Tr.

.87

.01

.10

.01

.03

Tr.

Tr.

_

.15

.17

.25

.80

.24

.11

.21

.13

.11

.20

Tr.

.17

Tr.

.18

-

15

0.07

_

.08

.10

-

.03

.07

.08

.09

.01

.05

.06

_

.04

-

.03

.04

.08

Tr.

.13

.15

.

#

.06

_

.07

.09

.14

.12

Tr.

.29

.23

.20

.12

_

-

.07

.12

.18

.09

.12

_

Tr.

.12

.06

.10

.07

.87

.20

.08

16

0.79

.18

.16

.68

.20

.10

1.02

.96

2.06

.06

.33

.35

_

.91

.47

.80

1.05

1.04

.30

.77

.55

.82

1.15

1.08

_

.84

.50

_

.84

1.00

.23

Tr.

Tr.

.07

.50

.40

.07

.71

Tr.

.04

Tr.

.54

.19

.41

-

-

Tr.

.02

.86

.75

17

1.72

1.82

2.47

2.05

3.93

2.17

2.78

2.00

8.65

2.00

1.98

1.81

2.38

1.78

3.55

8.45

2.35

1.22

1.62

.95

1.23

1.64

1.60

1.84

2.25

.40

1.89

.17

1.74

8.75

1.16

18

0.23

1.95

1.38

.86

.50

1.34

.84

.94

.64

1.32

.80

*

.44

.37

1.05

.74

1.05

.10

.55

_

.88

.47

1.50

.47

.50

.50

_

.41

.37

.64

.61 .55

.30

.40

1.80

.60

.75

1.30

.60

.64

1.04

.45

.60

.71

.63

1.30

.77

.50

.93

1.22

.15

.20

_

.50

.20

.29

.85

.13

.09

.17

.85

.31

.85

-

.87

.88

.20

.64

19

1.31

.27

.60

.43

.30

.36

.20

.36

.06

.32

.41

*

.30

.07

.13

.84

.25

.83

.62

_

.31

.38

-

.32

.26

.09

_

.24

.08

.14

.17

.12

.25

.65

.42

.10

.02

-

.18

.03

_

.10

-

.11

-

.11

.16

_

.28

20

0.25

_

_

.01

-

.09

.01

Tr.

.36

.10

.03

1.41

Tr.

.80

-

.02

.01

.04

-

_

Tr.

-

-

Tr.

_

-

_

_

.28

.01

_

-

-

_

.47

_

.05

_

-

-

.80

_

Tr.

_

.30

_

.01

_

-

21

1.03

.58

.88

1.05

1.10

1.80

.44

1.02

.21

1.12

.78

1.00

.60

.64

.84

1.38

.51

.72

.63

.36

.47

.37

1.01

.88

.45

.30

.77

.39

.75

.44

.20

.14

.12

.25

.31

.19

.40

.33

.13

.87

_

.26

.19

.25

-

.82

.20

.34

.33

82

Tr.

0.10

.10

-

-

.18

-

.01

-

.85

Tr.

.01

.

-

-

_

-

-

.09

.05

.05

-

-

-

_

.04

.14

_

_

.08

.05

.08

Tr.

_

.80

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

.01

Tr.

Tr.

* Included in next measurement.

** Measured In the morning.

*** Measured at midnight.

(a) Data furnished by Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters.
PRECIPITATION RECORDS 47

Table 1 .-Daily precipitation, in inches, March 1936 Continued 

(Measured In the afternoon except as noted)

Station

Minor basins

Maryland:

Bell

Cambridge

Cheltenham

East on

Ferry Landing

Princess Anne

Ridge ly

Salisbury

Snow Fill

Solomons

Stevensville

Woodstock

Virginia:

Bedford

Calla villa

Cape Henry ***

Chatham

Clarksville **

Danville

Diamond Springs

Kmporia

Halifax ***

Holland

Kenbridge 

Martinsville **

Onley

Pinnacles

Randolph **

Roanoke

Rockymount

Stuart

Wallaeeton

9

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr,

Tr.

Tr.

Tr,

_

-

0.21

_

-

_

.08

.02

.

-

-

_

.

-

_

_

.

.07

10

0.02

Tr.

.07

Tr.

.08

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

.10

Tr.

Tr.

.02

.07

.38

.75

.05

.01

.09

.22

1.02

.46

.SO

.14 

.16

.30

.14

.23

.10

.12

1.96

11

1.10

1.70

.99

1.60

.87

2.08

1.42

1.83

2.10

.88

1.40

1.16

.35

1.22

.80

.75

1.04

.45

1.60

.31

.30

1.85

1.20 

.17

1.47

.59

.80

.92

.89

.36

.64

12

0.95

.54

.84

.63

.47

.12

.52

.23

.10

.50

.60

.90

.11

.12

.11

.15

.11

.16

.08

.16

.03

.25

.07 

.46

.11

.14

.13

.20

.28

.12

.16

13

Tr.

Tr.

0.02

.04

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

.02

Tr.

_

-

.

-

.05

_

-

-

-

-

-

.08

-

.06

Tr.

-

-

-

14

_

-

-

_

-

_

-

-

-

' 

-

_

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

.

-

-

,

-

-

-

15

_

-

-

p _'-

_

.

-

-

-

_

-

_

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

_

-

-

-

16

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

-

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

0.02

.10

_

-

.06

.05

-

Tr.

-

-

-

.10

-

_

-

-

.08

-

-

.02

17

0.07

.10

*

.04

.25

.80

.08

.13

.10

.07

.02

.50

3.25

1.07

.55

2.20

.07

2.08

.78

.94

2.70

.75

.20

2.72

.29

3.19

.46

3.25

1.02

1.10

.61

18

0.63

.60

*

.75

.47

.20

.58

.65

1.00

.72

.70

.81

.Ifl

.15

.03

.50

2.90

.71

-

.08

.46

-

.08 

.14

1.20

.88

2.08

.06

1.66

-

-

19

0.16

.10

.83

.15

.12

Tr.

.06

Tr.

Tr.

.02

.40

.41

_

-

-

.05

.30

.07

-

-

-

-

Tr.

.

-

.56

_

-

-

-

20

_

-

-

_

-

0.45

-

-

-

-

_

-

.07

.28

.48

.15

-

.08

.06

.23

-

.20

.23

.35

.50

.75

-

.77

-

.58

.34

21

0.43

.60

.53

.72

.48

.20

.50

.41

.40

.35

.72

.68

.70

-

.01

.20

.24

.23

.48

-

-

.40

-

.03

-

.40

_

.48

-

-

22

_

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

-

_

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

-

-

-

* Included in next measurement. 

** Measured in the morning. 

*** Measured at midnight.
48 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

1. Throughout the area light precipitation in the form of either 

rain or snow occurred on March 9 and 10. Beginning about March 11 the 

intensity of the precipitation increased, and heavy rains continued 

through the 12th and in the northern areas on the 13th. ,Tftis so-called 

first storm has therefore been treated as a unit. The recorded precipitation from March 9 to 13 was plotted on Geological Survey base maps 

(scale 1:500,000) and an isohyetal map prepared showing total rainfall 

for the first general storm. This base map has been reduced to appropriate scales for publication and shows the isohyetals of the first storm 

for the major drainage basins. (See figures 24, 25, and 26.)

The areas between the isohyetal lines on the original base map were 

measured by planimeter for the drainage basin above each gaging station, 

and the average total precipitation for each basin was determined. The 

results of these determinations are shown under "Rainfall and run-off 

studies" in column 5, table 14.

2. Beginning about March 16 and continuing through the 19th heavy 

precipitation occurred throughout the area. In the Allegheny and Monongahela Basins and to a lesser extent in the western part of the Susquehanna River Basin a large part of the precipitation during the second 

storm fell as snow. The period March 16-19 constitutes the so-called 

second storm. The recorded precipitation for these dates was summed up, 

an isohyetal map prepared, and total precipitation for each basin determined in the same manner as for the first storm. (See figures 27, 28, 

and 29 and column 6, table 14.)

3. The total precipitation during the period March 9-22 is shown 

in figures 30, 31, and 32 for all basins and in column 7, table 14, for 

all except the Monongahela and Allegheny River Basins. These data cover 

all precipitation in the period including that recorded in some areas 

on March 14 and 15 and on March 20 and 21. In the latter period part of 

the precipitation fell as rain and part as snow. In the Allegheny River 

Basin and to a lesser extent in the Monongahela River Basin, a large 

amount of snow accompanied the storms of March 17-18 and March 21. Much 

of the snowfall during these two storms melted and ran off in a flood on 

March 27-28, which was larger in some areas than either the flood of 

March 11-12 or that of March 17-18. The entire period March 20-31 has 

therefore been treated as a storm period. The precipitation for this period is shown in column 6a, table 14. In column 7, table 14, is also 

shown the total precipitation by basins for the period March 9-31. In


PRECIPITATION RECORDS 51

10 20 30 40 MILES

Figure 26. Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Allegheny and Monongahela 

Rivers, showing the total precipitation, In Inches, March 9-13, 1936.
Figure 27.-- Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Potomac Ri

In Maryland, showing the total precipitation, In Inches
PRECIPITATION RECORDS 53
FLOODS OF MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMS, ADD UPPER OHIO RIVERS

10 20 30 40 MILES

Figure 29. Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Allegheny and Monongahela 

Rivers, shoving the total precipitation, in inches, March 16-19, 1936.
Figur
56
PRECIPITATION RECORDS 57

0 10 20 30 40 MILES

Figure 52. Isohyetal map of the drainage basins of the Allegheny and Monongahe 

Rivers, showing the total precipitation. In Inches, March 9-22, 1936*
58 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

drawing the isohyetals little weight was given to the influence of topography, as time did not permit a thorough analysis of the recorded data 

with respect to altitude. The records compiled in this report will enable a user to make more refined and detailed studies in a particular region. They will also enable an investigator to make a different timeperiod analysis of the storm precipitation from that herein contained, if 

desired.

As shown in table 2, the antecedent precipitation throughout the 

area embraced in this volume of the flood report was somewhat below normal during December, especially in Maryland and Virginia, considerably 

above normal during January, and near normal during February. The total 

precipitation for the 3 months was slightly below normal in the northern 

part of the area and considerably above normal in Maryland and Virginia. 

With the exception of the large excess in precipitation in Maryland and 

Virginia during January, no special abnormality is disclosed in these 

records.

Table 2.- Total monthly precipitation and departure from normal, 

in inches, December 1935 to February 1936

State

New York

Pennsylvania

Ohio

West Virginia

Maryland

Virginia

December 1935

Total

1.85

2.62

2.47

3.66

2.50

2.31

Departure

-1.05

- .54

- .29

+ .32

- .65

- ..77

January 1936

Total

3.55

4.21

1.65

4.01

5.87

6.44

Departure

+0.62

+ .99

-1.42

+ .38

+2.70

+3.20

February 1936

Total

2.18

2.33

2.58

2.61

3.73

3.86

Departure

-0.50

- .53

+ .57

- .50

+ .87

+ .74

December to 

February

Total

7.58

9.16

6.70

10.28

12.10

12.61

Departure

-0.93

- .08

-1.14

+ .10

+2.92

+3.21

Extreme abnormality prevailed, however, in the total precipitation 

for March, of which that recorded from the 9th to the 22d constitutes 

the major part. Prior to March 9 there were very light rains In the 

southern part of the area and rain and snow in the northern part of the 

area on March 2, 3, and 4. The total amount recorded rarely exceeded 1 

inch. After March 22 there were scattered rains including fairly heavy 

rainfalls on March 24 and 28, which brought the total precipitation for 

March to one of the largest recorded for that month in parts of New York, 

Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia.
SNOW 59

The first storm, within the area covered by this volume, had one 

major center of precipitation in the Shenandoah National Park in Virginia, 

where the depth of fall exceeded 3 inches (figs. 24 and 25), Recording 

rain gages at various United States Weather Bureau stations (see fig. 33) 

indicate that the intense precipitation was confined largely to the lower 

Potomac, Rappahannock, and James River Basins and that it rained nearly 

all day on March 11 and a few hours on March 12. Elsewhere the precipitation was of low intensity and came in showers.

The second storm, within the area covered by this volume, had two 

major centers in which the precipitation exceeded or approached 7 inches, 

one in the Shenandoah National Park (figs. 27 and 28), and one along the 

entire Allegheny Mountain range. Recording rain gages (fig. 33) indicate that in the lower Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins there was 

nearly continuous precipitation on the 16th, 17th, and 18th. In the 

Potomac, Rappahannock, and James River Basins the precipitation was of 

rather high intensity and fell in storms of short duration.

During the entire storm period March 9 to 22 the maximum recorded 

precipitation was 11.22 inches at Shenandoah Camp 3, in Virginia.

Snow 

General

For the area as a whole there was very much more snowfall than normal during the winter, the excess being particularly large during December and January in all the State s*HMK5ept New York. The monthly totals 

as compiled from records of the United States Weather Bureau are shown 

in the following table:

Table 3.- Total monthly snowfall, in inches, 

December 1935 to February 1936

State

New York

Pennsylvania

Ohio

West Virginia

Maryland

Virginia

Delaware

December

13.6

13.5

13.7

20.5

14.4

10.5

17.1

January

21.8

19.4

11.2

16.6

9.7

4.8

2.3

February

17.1

12.3

8.3

10.8

 15.2

14.5

13.6

Total

52.5

45.2

33.2

47.9

39.3

29.8

33.0
Figure 33. Hourly precipitation at various United States Weath

March 9-22, 1936.
SJJOW 61

Although the winter was characterized by much more snowfall than 

usual, abnormality was shown chiefly in the extent to which the snow accumulated on the ground during the winter, on account of the long cold 

periods during which there was little thawing. On March 9 most parts of 

the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins were covered with snow except 

the main valleys. There was some snow in the headwater areas of the 

Potomac and Rappahannock River Basins but little if any in the James 

River Basin.

From records collected by the Weather Bureau, the States, the Civilian Conservation Corps, the Geological Survey, power companies, and 

others, the maps in figures 34, 35, and 36 were prepared to show an estimate of the water content of the snow cover on or about March 9. All of 

the basic information used in the preparation of these figures is given 

hereinafter. In the areas where actual observations of the water content 

of the snow were available for the later part of February or the first 

part of March the results should be fairly accurate. In areas where only 

depth of snow was available, the indicated water content may be considerably in error, as it was necessary to use an assumed ratio for the water 

content (generally 25 to 30 percent for snow on the ground on March 9, 

the greater ratios being used for shallow depths).

Unfortunately for the purpose of the best representation of general 

conditions, most of the cooperative Weather Bureau stations are situated 

in urban or rural communities. Reported snow depths at such localities 

are generally less than those in adjacent rural areas, especially if 

these areas are hilly, mountainous, or timbered, and such records must be 

used with caution in determining basin averages. In compiling the maps 

showing the water content of the snow on the ground on March 9 (see figs. 

34, 35, and 36) the original data were first plotted on standard Geological Survey base maps (scale 1:500,000), and some weight was given to 

topography in the location of the lines of equal water content. The base 

data are shown in tables 4, 5, 6, and 7. The areas between isopleths of 

water content on the original base maps have been measured by planimeter, 

and the average water content of the snow, in depth in inches on March 9 

for the drainage basins above the principal river-measurement stations, 

has been determined. These data are shown under "Rainfall and run-off 

studies" in column 4, table 14.

The snow data presented in figures 34, 35, and 36 and in table 14 

represent estimates of the water content on March 9 and correspond to

10 20 30 40 MILES

Figure 35»--Map of the drainage basins of the Rappahannock, York, James, 

streams in Virginia, showing the depth, in inches, of the water cont

March 9, 1936.
64 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

0 10 20 30 40 MILES

Figure 36. Map of the drainage basins of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers, showing 

the depth, In Inches, of the water content of snow on the groimd on March 9, 1936.
SNOW 65

the total depletion of such water content in most of the area except in 

parts of the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins, where considerable 

amounts of snow remained on the ground as a result of the heavy snowfalls 

in these areas on March 17-18 and 20-21. Outside of these basins the 

snow had disappeared in general by March 22 or very soon thereafter appeared in large part as stream flow. The rainfall and run-off studies 

show the important part played in the flood by run-off from melting snow, 

and it is unfortunate that more plentiful snow data, especially in relation to water content and rate of depletion, are not available. This 

condition illustrates a serious deficiency in basic meteorologic data 

which are essential to satisfactory analyses of floods and flood causes 

in areas where melting snow contributes largely to the flood discharges.

Observations of snow depth

The measurements of snow depth given in table 4 were compiled by the 

United States Weather Bureau from original records by cooperative observers. At some of the stations daily records were available throughout the 

winter. Only a part of the period covered by the daily records is incorporated in the table. For areas in Pennsylvania information regarding 

depth of snow prior to and during the flood period was collected by the 

State Planning Board at a large number of Civilian Conservation Corps 

camps. These data are given In table 5. In translating snow depths into 

equivalent water depth a coefficient of about 25 percent was used.

In addition to the snow depths collected by the Weather Bureau, circular letters, were sent to postmasters, operators of hydroelectric plants 

and waterworks, highway engineers, and others, requesting information in 

regard to snow and frost conditions at the beginning of the flood period. 

The following general information was obtained from these sources and may 

be considered to supplement or confirm the data given in tables 4, 5, 6, 

and 7.

Pennsylvania.- In addition to the data given in tables 4, 5, and 6 

the following information regarding snow on the ground prior to the March, 

flood was reported to the Department of Forest and Waters by public utility companies and others:

Butler Water Co., 8 inches at Butler, Butler County. 

Borough of Ridgway, 48 inches at Ridgway, Elk County. 

Westmoreland Coal Go., no snow at Irwin, Westmoreland

County, but "ground full of water, which froze." 

Menallen Water Co., 10 inches at Scottdale, Westmoreland

County.
FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 4.- Snow depth, in inches, on ground at indicated dates, 

(Dashes indicate no observation)

Station

Potomac River Basin

West Virginia:

Bayard

Brandywine

Circleville

Martinsburg

Piedmont

Stony River Dam

Upper Tract

Wardensville

Pennsylvania:

Chambersburg

Gettysburg

Maryland:

Boyds

Chewsville

Clear Spring

College Park

Cumberland

Emmltsburg

Frederick

Frostburg

Hancock (Tonoloway)

Keedysville

La Plata

Picardi

State Sanitorium

Takoma Park

Westemport

Westminster

District of Columbia:

Washington

Virginia:

Clarendon

Dahlgren

Dale Enterprise

Lincoln

lianas sas

Mount Weather

Quantico

Staunton

Winchester

Woodstock

Rappahannoek and York River

Basins

Virginia:

Fredericksburg

Mineral

Walkerton

James River Basin

Virginia:

Balcony Falls

Columbia

Deerfield

Emory

New Canton

Norfolk

Richmond

February

10

_

_

-

_

10

44

_

6

16

15

_

5

13

10

5

9

10

16

14

-

8

10

_

9

-

-

10

13

9

12

11

8

14

13

10

14

6

9

7

7

6

5

6

7

8

2

5

15

21

-

-

5

13

44

_

8

18

18

5

8

8

4

5

8

13

17

14

8

3

10

8

3

9

8

2

5

2

6

5

4

6

3

2

_

5

4

3

Tr.

0

Tr.

2

Tr.

3

0

Tr.

25

_

-

-

_

6

30

-

4

12

12

_

6

3

0

-

3

3

7

10

-

Tff.

6

-

0

-

-

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

2

0

Tr.

0

0

_

1

Tr.

_

0

0

Tr.

Tr.

0

Tr.

0

0

29

3

-

_

-

0

24

-

1

5

2

0

1

1

0

0

1

Tr.

1

3

1

0

0

Tr.

0

Tr.

0

0

0

0

Tr.

Tr.

0

Tr.

0

0

0

Tr.

0

Tr.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

March

9

0

-

Tr.

_

0

_

-

0

0

Tr.

0

Tr.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0-

0

0

0

0

0

6

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

12

1

Tr.

Tr.

_

0

_

-

0

0

Tr.

0

Tr.

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

_

0-

-

0

0

0

_

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

15

0

0

Tr.

_

0

0

0

0

0

Tr.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

18

6

3

Tr.

_

0

3

-

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

p0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

15

0

0

0

22

18

_

3

_

0

13

-

-

0

0

0

0

0

0

Tr.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Tr.

Tr.

0

0

0

* Data furnished by U. S. Weather Bureau. 

Note.- Snow depth given to nearest inch.
SNOW

Table 4 .- Snow depth, in inches, on ground at indicated d 

(Dashes indicate no observation)

.ates, 1936 Continued

Station

Ohio River Basin

Allegheny River Basin

New York:

Allegany State Park

Pranklinville

Jamestown

Pennsylvania:

Chamber sville

Corry

Ebensburg

Franklin 

Johnstown

Kane

Lye ippus

Meadville

Pittsburgh

Ridgway

Warren

Monongahela River Basin

West Virginia:

Aberdeen

Alpena

Benson

Clarksburg

Fairmont

Janelew

Lost Creek

Mannington

Picfeens

Terra Alta

Valley Chapel

Weston

Maryland: 

Grant sville

Oakland 

Sines

Pennsylvania :

Clairton

Elk Lick

Greensburg

Irwin

Somerset

Uniontown

Unity Reservoir

Ohio River Basin proper

Pennsylvania:

Beaver Dam

Butler

Claysville

Grove City

Sharon

West ford

Ohio:

Alliance

Cadiz

Canfield

Hiram

Kinsman

February

10

14

36

20

8

16

16

6

g

20

14

4

3

8

9

3

29

2

2

3

3

4

12

10

13

4

3

14 

10

1

_

6

Tr.

15

2

3

3

11

6

4

2

1

2

6

4

Tr.

Tr.

15

16

24

14

9

15

14

8 

6

22

6

4

1

V

8

Tr.

10

Tr.

1

Tr.

0

1

10

-

13

1

2

12 

14

1

26

3

Tr.

10

Tr.

2

2

12

0

4

1

1

2

2

2

Tr.

1

25

V

24

V

5

10

10

5 

g

12

Tr.

2

Tr.

6

10

0

_

0

Tr.

0

0

0

0

-

4

0

0

3

Tr.

Tr.

_

Tr.

0

4

0

Tr.

Tr.

3

0

2

0

Tr.

0

0

1

_

Tr.

29

8

21

V

0

10

4

2

Tr.

V

Tr.

Tr.

0

Tr.

5

0

_

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Tr.

0

0

Tr. 

2

Tr.

15

Tr.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Tr.

Tr.

0

March

9

1

Tr.

-

Tr.

0

0

0

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

_

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Tr. 

1

0

_

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

12

2

2

4

Tr.

0

4

0

3

0

0

Tr.

0

Tr.

Tr.

_

0

0

0

0

0

Tr.

2

5

0

0

1 

2

0

-

0

Tr.

0

Tr.

Tr.

0

0

1

0

0

1

0

Tr.

Tr.

0

1

15

Tr.

Tr.

2

Tr.

_

-

-

0

0

0

0

Tr.

0

0

Tr.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Tr.

Tr. 

Tr.

0

3

0

0

0

0

0

_

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

18

V

V

23

0

34

-

14

1

-

12

1

-

12

9

16

7

7

V

7

6

9

12

4

7

10

6 

4

1

-

0

0

0

2

0

_

6

4

7

8

5

13

10

9

7

16

22

11

10

22

0

18

Tr.

10

6

-

12

3

-

12

3

30

Tr.

3

2

1

2

4

15

5

6

8

2

6 

4

_

-

_

Tr.

-

Tr.

Tr.

2

-

1

5

5

3

3

-

7

Tr.

8

Note.- Snow depth given to nearest inch.
FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 4 .- Snow depth., in inches, on ground at indicated dates, 1936 Continued 

(Dashes indicate no observation)

Station

Ohio River Basin proper Contd.

Ohio Continued:

Lake Milton

Millport

Mineral Ridge

Warren

Youngs town

West Virginia:

New Cumberland

Wheeling

Minor basins

Maryland:

Annapolis

Baltimore

Bell

Cheltenham

Easton

Ferry Landing

Princess Anne

Solomons

Woodstook

Virginia:

Cape Henry

February

ID

1

6

Tr.

1

4

2

2

10

8

8

10

10

10

5

7

6

3

15

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

Tr.

2

1

1

5

4

4

4

1

3

Tr.

1

6

Tr.

25

Tr.

Tr.

0

0

Tr.

_

1

Tr.

1

0

Tr.

0

Tr.

Tr.

0

-

0

29

Tr.

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Tr.

0

0

0

March

9

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

12

Tr.

_

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

_

0

0

0

0

-

0

15

0

-

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

18

7

5

9

10

8

_

5

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

22

3

_

2

4

5

_

-

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Note.- Snow depth given to nearest inch.
5.- Snow depth, in inches, on around at indicated dates, March 1936* 

(Dasis.es indicate no observation)

Point of measurement

Potomac River Basin

Camp 107, in Adams County, on Stillhouse Run

(tributary to Conocoeheague Creek), 7 miles

southeast of Scotland, Franklin County, Pa.

Ohio River Basin

Allegheny River Basin

Camp F3, in MeKean County, on Kinaua Creek

(tributary to Allegheny River), 7 miles

southeast of Kinzua, Warren County, Pa.

Camp F2, on Tionesta Creek (tributary to Allegheny River), 2 miles northeast of Kellettville, Forest County, Pa.

Camp F12, in Elk County, on headwaters of South

Branch of Tionesta Greek, 5 miles south of

Kane, McKean County, Pa.

Camp F6, on The Branch (tributary to Tionesta

Creek), 4 miles north of Marienville, Forest

 County, Pa.

Camp 101, on Toby Creek (tributary to Clarion

River), 9 miles southwest of Ridgway, Elk

County, Pa.

Camp Fl, on Spring Creek (tributary to Clarion

River) , 8 miles northeast of Marienville,

Forest County, Pa.

Camp 53, on Clear Creek (tributary to Clarion

River) , 5 miles northeast of Sigel, Jefferson County, Pa.

Monongahela River Basin

Camp SP8, on Casselman River (tributary to

Youghiogheny River) , at Rockwood, Somerset

County, Pa.

Camp 97, on Tub Mill Run (tributary to Casselman River), about 4 miles west of Salisbury,

Somerset County, Pa.

Camp SP15, on Coxes Creek (tributary to Caaselman River) , about 2 miles northeast of Rockwood, Somerset County, Pa.

Camp 99, on Kooser Run (tributary to Laurel

Hill Creek) , near Bakersville, Somerset

County, Pa.

Camp 98, on Blue Hole Creek (tributary to

Laurel Hill Creek), 8 miles northwest of

Rockwood, Somerset County, Pa,

Camp SP12, on Big Meadow Run (tributary to

Beaver Creek), at Fort Necessity, Fayette

County, Pa.

12

Tr.

12

8.5

24

9

_

1.5

0

9

24

31

40

40

7

19

0

20

7

13

4

30

2.5

0

0

12

17

12

_

7

After flood 

period

0

9

10

10

4

-

0

0

0

12

10

6

5.5

7

*Data obtained "by Pennsylvania State Planning Board from camps of the TJ. S. Civilian 

Conservation Corps.
70 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 6.- Snow depth, in inches, on ground at indicated dates, March 1936

Point of measurement

Potomac and Rappahannock River Basins

Virginia (Shenandoah National Park):

Camp 1 *

Panorama *

Rattlesnake Point *

Ohio River Basin

Allegheny River Basin

Pennsylvania :

Latrobe t

Monongahela River Basin

Pennsylvania:

Connellsville t

Lake Lynn t

Ohio River Basin proper

Pennsylvania :

Pennline t

Westford t

Ohio:

Kinsman t

Date

Mar. 8 

Mar. 14 

Mar. 16

Mar. 8 

Mar. 13 

Mar. 16

Mar. 8 

Mar. 14 

Mar. 16

Mar. 2 

Mar. 12 

Mar. 22

Mar. 7 

Mar. 13 

Mar. 18 

Mar. 21

Mar. 13 

Mar. 19 

Mar. 22 

Mar. 24

Mar. 17 

Mar. 25

Mar. 2 

Mar. 12 

Mar. 16 

Mar. 17 

Mar. 22

Mar. 2 

Mar. 12 

Mar. 16 

Mar. 17 

Mar. 22 

Mar. 23

Snow depth

8 

4.5 

4.5

7.5 

4 

5

7.5 

4 

4.5

Tr. 

Tr. 

Tr.

1.5 

.5

1 

5

Tr. 

2 

3 

.5

18 

6

1.5

1 

3 

8 

3

1.5 

1 

10.5 

19 

8 

2

* Data furnished by National Park Service, in cooperation with U. 

logical Survey.

t Data furnished by Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters. 

Note.- Snow depth given to nearest half-inch.
SNOW 71

Nanty Glo Borough Water Co., 3^ feet at Nanty Glo,

Cambria County. 

Clearfield Bituminous Coal Corporation, 5 inches in

Green Township, Indiana County, and 8 inches in

Cherryhill Township, Indiana County.

Maryland and West Virginia.- A comparison of the total snowfall for 

the period October 1935 to March 1936 with the normal snow for a similar 

period at various points in the Potomac River Basin indicates that there 

was 20 to 60 inches above normal at many locations. By March 9, however, 

most of this snow had disappeared, and there was no general snow cover 

over the basin as a whole. The snow that remained was in the remnants 

of drifts in timber, on northern slopes, or in gullieso

The postmasters at Moyers, Sugar Grove, Cherry Grove, Rexrode, and 

Franklin, all in Pendleton County, W. Va., in the headwater region of 

the South Branch of the Potomac River, and at Whltmer, Randolph County^ 

W. Va., reported snow on ground at different dates after March 9e

The chief engineer of the West Virginia State Road Commission stated 

that there were general snows over the State during the first part of 

March, heavy falls on the 17th in the central part of the State, and 8 to 

15 inches in the Panhandle portion on March 23. The district engineer of 

the Maryland State Roads Commission at Hagerstown, Md., stated that the 

average snow in Washington County up to March 18 was approximately 6 

inches on the ground, and the district engineer at Frederick, Md., stated 

that when the flood occurred there was no snow on the ground in Frederick, 

Carroll, or Allegany Counties e

Camp S-53 of the Civilian Conservation Corps, Flint Stone, Allegany 

County, Md., reported that during the winter months the snowfall was very 

heavy, sometimes blanketing the ground without drifts to a depth of 3 or 

4 feet in open areas. The ground had very little absorptive qualities. 

Soil Conservation Camp 5, White Hall, Baltimore County, Md., reported no 

snow after March 4. The caretaker of Stoney River Dam, Grant County, 

W. Va., reported that on March 2 there were snow drifts 15 feet deep on 

the downstream side of the dam, on March 14 the roads were blocked with 

drifts, and on March 19 there was 3 inches of snow on the ground.

Virginia.- None of the cooperative observers of the United States 

Weather Bureau reported snow on the ground on March 2, 9, and 16o Snow 

was recorded during March at three locations in the Shenandoah National 

Park, and the results are included in table 6.

The district engineer of the Geological Survey reported that on 

March 18 there were traces of snow in the upper part of the Roanoke River
72 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Basin and drifted snow that blocked the roads south of Christiansburg. 

There was snow in the Blue Ridge before the rains on March 16 and 17° 

Most of the snow was at high altitudes in the mountains. The following 

observations of snow depth, in inches, and equivalent water content, in 

inches, were made at the indicated places in the Blue Ridge:

Table 7.- Snow depth, in inches, and equivalent water content, in inches, 

at points in the Blue Ridge, March 18 and 19, 1936

Point of observation

Chatham (Mar. 18)

Pinnacles (Mar. 18)

Buchanan (Mar. 19)

Catawba Sanitorium (Mar. 18)

Hot Springs (Mar. 18)

Lexington (Mar. 18)

Snow depth

4

6

3

.2

5.5

2.5

Equivalent 

water content

0.50

.88

.23

.15

.77

.71

Temperature

Temperature played a very important part in the development of the 

floods of March 1936. Figure 37 shows graphically the daily maximum, the 

daily minimum, and the accumulated departure of the mean monthly temperature from the normal at four Weather Bureau stations - Warren, Pa.j Cumberland, Md.j Elkins, W. Va.j and Lynchburg, Va. Several facts having a 

bearing on the floods are noticeable from these records. First, beginning with December and continuing through February the temperatures were, 

in general, below normal; second, during the later half of January and 

most of February there was little thawing; third, there was no considerable thawing weather prior to the later part of February. With the exception of a "January thaw" during the first half of January and a short 

warm period the last few days in February, minimum temperatures were in 

general below freezing throughout the winter. The increase in temperature in the last few days of February was sufficient to cause a break-up 

of the ice which had covered the river channels up to that time. This 

break-up, which was generally prevalent over the area covered by this 

volume of the flood report, also embraced the lower Ohio River and its 

tributaries in the States of Ohio and Indiana. High stages resulting in 

many places from ice jams were recorded at all river-measurement stations. 

In most of Ohio and Indiana considerably higher atages were recorded during this period than in March. During the break-up late in February most
TEMPERATURE

+10

+5

0

-5

-10

-15

+5

0

-5

-10

-15

+5

0

-5

-10

-15

+5

0

-5

-10

-15

15 

November

15 

March

Daily range of temperature

Warren. Pa.

Cumberland, Md.

Elkins. W. Va.

Jiynchburg. Va.

November December January February March 

Accumulated departure of mean monthly temperature from the normal

Figure 37. Daily range of temperatures and accumulated departure of, mean monthly

temperature from the normal at various places in the drainage basins of

the Potomac, James, and upper Ohio Rivers for the period

November 1, 1935, to March 31, 1936.
74 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

of the snow disappeared in the lower Potomac River Basin and in all of 

the area south of the Potomac River, and there was partial depletion of 

snow in the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins.

Frost in the ground

Temperatures were so low during the winter that in areas where there 

was moisture in the soil not protected by a layer of snow, frost formed 

to a considerable depth. Although there was probably some reduction in 

frost content during the break-up late in February, the ground conditions 

were conducive to high rates of run-off during the March flood.

The protection from freezing that the ground may have derived from 

snow was so variable that definite conclusions as to frost cannot be made 

for large areas. The general conclusion may be drawn that where heavy 

snow cover came early in the season and remained throughout the winter 

there was little frost, at least near the ground surface, but that in 

areas where snow cover was light or where the heavy snow came late frost 

was present to a large degree. Due consideration should be given to the 

possibility that, in some -basins at least, a thin Impervious stratum of 

earth and frozen moisture may have effectively retarded infiltration and 

increased surface run-off. Few actual frost observations are available, 

and, as discussed under "Rainfall and run-off studies", the relatively 

high run-off as compared with the total water available may indicate that, 

although the surface of the ground was free from frost in some areas at 

the time of the flood, the underlying strata were frozen, thus increasing 

surface run-off and correspondingly diminishing recharge to the groundwater table. The absence of frost data constitutes a serious deficiency 

in meteorologic information in studying in detail the causes of the floods 

In these drainage basins. The following observations and estimates of 

frost condition by States are submitted in order that they may be available for use in a more complete analysis of the floods.

Pennsylvania.- The district engineer of the Geological Survey sent 

a questionnaire to superintendents of cemeteries throughout the State 

asking two questions: (a) How did the frost in the ground compare with 

that of previous years? and (b) Was there frost in the ground just prior 

to the flood of March 17-18? In answer to the first question, superintendents at Altoona, Gettysburg, Philipsburg, Reading, Sunbury, and 

Union City reported less frost than usual, while those at Clarion, Lancaster, and Pittsburgh reported more than usual. In answer to the
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 3

A. ICE CONDITIONS ON THE OHIO RIVER AT VANPQRT, PA., FEBRUARY 21, 1936,

BEFORE THE FLOODS. 

Courtesy of the Corps of Engineers, United States Army.

B. EVIDENCES OF THE POWER OF FLOOD WATERS ON THE KISKIMINETAS RIVER

AT WEST LEECHBURG, PA.

Courtesy of the Corps of Engineers, United States Army.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 4

A. AFTER THE FLOOD AT THE RIVER-MEASUREMENT STATION ON THE SOUTH

BRANCH OF THE POTOMAC RIVER NEAR SPRINGFIELD, W. VA. 

The height of the crest of the flood was 1 foot above the walkway at the gage house (X).

B. SCENE ON THE POTOMAC RIVER AT PAWPAW, W. VA., NOON, MARCH 18, 1936. 

Courtesy of K.elley's Studio & Camera Shop, Hagerstown, Md.
DETERMINATION OP FLOOD DISCHARGES 75

second question, little if any frost was reported at Gettysburg, Harrisburg, Huntingdon, Reading, and Sunbury, while frost was reported at 

Clarion, Lancaster, Philipsburg, Pittsburgh, and Union City. The superintendent at Union City reported 8 inches of frost in a grave which was 

dug on April 22.

Maryland.- The winter of 1935-36 was the fourth coldest on record, 

to judge from answers to inquiries regarding weather conditions directed 

to Weather Bureau observers, public utility plant operators, camps of the 

Civilian Conservation Corps, and highway commissioners. At the beginning 

of the storm period on March 9 frost was present over most of the area. 

The camp of the Civilian Conservation Corps at Flint Stone, Allegany 

County, reported that the ground had little absorptive qualities, although 

during the winter the snow blanketed the ground to a depth of 3 to 4 feet. 

The camp at White Hall reported depths of frost of 30 inches during the 

winter and no frost after March 9. Camp S-51 of the Civilian Conservation 

Corps, Deer Park, Garrett County, Md., reported that there was frost still 

in the ground at the time of the flood. State Forest Camp S-52, Grantsville, Garrett County, Md., reported that the ground was frozen to a depth 

of 30 inches in March.

Virginia.- Actual observations of frost depths on March 13 and 14 

showed penetration in Shenandoah National Park as follows: Skyline, 30 

inches; Sexton Shelter, 36 inches} Panorama, 36 inches} Rattlesnake Point, 

27 inches} and Big Meadows, 26 inches. The observer at the river-measurement station on Lick River in the James River Basin had his curiosity 

aroused by the fact that in that area a comparatively small amount of rain 

had made the roads so muddy and the river so high. He dug into the ground 

In several places after the rains were over and reported the ground frozen 

at every point.

DETERMINATION OF FLOOD DISCHARGES 

General discussion

The general method employed by the Geological Survey in the determination of river discharge and the collection of records of stream flow 

consists of the determination of a stage-discharge rating by means of current-meter measurements of discharge at various stages from low water to 

high water and the application of this rating to the records of stage. 

If the stage-discharge relation for a station throughout the range of
76 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

flow has been determined, it is evident that if the stage at any time is 

known and normal flow conditions prevail, the rate of discharge past the 

station at that time may be ascertained by application of the rating 

curve. Obviously the stage-discharge relation can be determined most 

successfully for the ranges of stage and flow that are of ordinary occurrence. The difficulties of determination increase for conditions of extraordinary occurrence. The determination of flood discharges, especially 

those of unusually great magnitude, may in most situations be very difficult, and their accuracy may depend upon scanty information as to actual 

conditions at the time of the flood, and upon surveys, analyses, and computations by various more or less indirect methods for extending the curve 

of stage-discharge relation beyond the range covered by current-meter 

me asurements 

The ideal definition of the curve of stage-discharge relation for 

extreme floods would be obtained only by an adequate number of field 

determinations of discharge and by the observation and recording of critical features of flow during the flood at these places of determination. 

Floods rise and recede t»n many streams within a relatively short period 

of time. Moreover, headwater streams within an area of moderate size may 

for obvious reasons have their flood peaks rather closely in unison. 

Usual methods and routes of travel are often seriously disrupted in times 

of extreme flood. Owing to these and other practical difficulties the 

obtaining of sufficient information for determining flood discharges is 

a problem requiring not only special experience and ingenuity but also 

physical energy. However, with watchful attention to forecasts and reports of the Weather Bureau related to the approach and occurrence of 

major storms, field parties can often be assigned in the drainage area 

affected by the storm with such timeliness that highly effective use can 

be made of available personnel and facilities in obtaining critically important information. The adaptation and improvement of equipment both for 

recording stages and for measuring discharges have also contributed greatly to the collection of adequate and reliable data regarding floods.

The determinations of flow in floods so unprecedented as those of 

March 1936 are particularly complex and difficult, because they are unique. 

They therefore involve increasing resort to auxiliary methods and increasing exercise of expert knowledge.

In general, four different methods are employed in determining the 

maximum discharge of a flood at a given site, and the method used depends
EXTENSION OP RATING- CURVES FOR RIVER-MEASUREMENT STATIONS 77

on the conditions at the site and the availability of Information for Its 

application. Whenever possible the results obtained by one method are 

verified by a determination by one of the other methods. The methods are 

(1) extension of rating curves for river-measurement stations, (2) computation of flow over dams, (3) computation of flow from slope-area observations, and (4) computation of flow through contracted openings. These 

methods are described in engineering textbooks and manuals. General information in regard to their use, with special reference to the conditions 

pertaining to the floods of 1936, is contained in the following descriptions:

Extension of rating curves for river-measurement stations

Under favorable circumstances the rating curve showing the relations 

of stage to discharge may be extended to stages and discharges higher than 

the range defined by current-meter measurements and thus may afford a 

means.of determining the discharge. The successful application of this 

method requires a thorough analysis and careful appraisal of fundamental 

flow factors and a knowledge of the channel conditions at the river-measurement stations, especially in regard to the manner in which the width 

and depth of the channel vary with changes in stage, also the conditions 

affecting changes of velocity with changes of stage, such as rapids or 

falls, which may tend to increase velocities, or contractions of channel 

downstream from the gage, which may tend to decrease velocities. The 

cross section of the channel at the flood stage, including all overflow 

and by-pass channels, should be determined by instrumental surveys. Pertinent conditions, such as backwater from lower tributaries and changing 

influences of contracted sections of the channel below, must be visualized 

and their effects appraised as accurately as possible from available 

information.

The conditions most favorable for the accurate extension of a rating 

curve consist of well-defined rapids or riffles below the station at all 

stages and a uniform increase of channel cross section as the stage increases, without abrupt changes in area or addition of overflow channels - 

in other words, a general uniformity of those channel conditions which 

control the stage and discharge relations at the gage. In the extension 

of rating curves the construction and study, in connection with other 

data, of a curve showing the relation of a product of the cross-sectional 

area of the channel multiplied by the square root of the mean depth (Av/aT)
78 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AHD UPPER OHIO RIVERS

to the corresponding stage has often proved helpful. The logarithmic 

plotting of stage and discharge also may be helpful in making the extension. In this method stage and discharge are both plotted on logarithmic 

scales. The observed stages, or gage heights, are adjusted to conform to 

the physical conditions of the site, usually by the addition or subtraction of some constant amount determined by study of such conditions. For 

example, at a river-measurement station with a riffle control of uniform 

elevation across the channel the gage height of zero flow should be subtracted from each observed gage reading. The graph of the relation thus 

developed usually tends to be a straight line or a very flat curve and 

therefore may be extended without danger of great error. Studies of the 

areas and mean velocities of flow at the measuring section may also be 

helpful in making the extension of the rating. In these studies the discharge for higher stages is computed from separate determinations of the 

cross-sectional area of the channel and of the mean velocity. The crosssectional area of the channel is determined from field observations, and 

the mean velocity is obtained by extending the curve drawn through the 

values of mean velocity as determined from current-meter measurements, 

plotted against corresponding stages.

Radical changes in downstream conditions controlling the velocity or 

stages, or abrupt increases in the area of channel cross section, such as 

result from overflowed banks, may interfere seriously with the reliable 

application of these methods of analysis. In general, it has been found 

that the results thus obtained are about as likely to be too large as too 

small, notwithstanding the application of the best available knowledge 

and experience, the results obtained by extension of the rating curve may 

be subject to considerable error, especially if the extension is carried 

considerably beyond the range defined by current-meter measurements. Results obtained by this method should therefore be used with appropriate 

caution.

Computation of flow over dams

The computation of flow over dams often affords a helpful and reliable means of determining flood peak discharges. Under favorable conditions the flow over a dam may be computed by a weir formula in which the 

principal factors are the length of crest between abutments, the head on 

the crest and a coefficient (C) based on experiment and varying with the 

shape of the crest and the head. The basic formula for such use is
COMPUTATION OP PLOW OVER DAMS 79

commonly expressed as Q = CLHn , where Q = discharge in second-feet, C = 

coefficient for the dam, L = effective length of crest in feet, H = head 

in feet on the crest measured far enough above the dam to avoid the surface draw-down curve, and n = the exponent of H.

The exponent n may be assumed as 1.5, in which case the coefficient 

C will ordinarily vary with the head as well as with differences in the 

shapes of crest. For a dam for which adequate basic observations under 

heads of varying magnitude are available, it is possible to select constant values of both n and C that will represent satisfactorily the general equation of discharge at the dam, in which case n will usually be 

somewhat more than 1.5.

The velocity of approach in the channel above the dam affects the 

discharge over the dam and virtually increases the head on the crest by 

an amount equivalent to the corresponding velocity head. Thus at most 

dams the areas of cross sections of the approach channels should be obtained either from soundings above the dam after the flood has passed or 

from maps based on previous surveys, thereby making it possible to take 

the velocity of approach into account. This procedure has been followed 

in the surveys of the floods of March 1936. The head over the dam was 

generally obtained from gage readings made during the flood or from marks 

made at the time of the flood or from other high-water marks. Whenever 

the crest of a dam was submerged from backwater below the dam, the effect 

of such submergence was taken into consideration in computing the discharge over the dam.

The standard procedure in applying this method included a survey of 

the dam and surrounding features adequate for the preparation of a map 

showing all information that would guide the Judgment of the engineer in 

computing the discharge. Information as to the shape and profile of the 

crest and other essential features of the dam was obtained from plans of 

the dam or by measurement of the dam itself. Profiles of the high-water 

marks above and below the dam were obtained by surveys. Conditions with 

respect to submergence, flood plains, overflow channels or other by»- 

passes, and diversions through flood gates and water wheels were observed 

and recorded. The observations and records of these surveys are available for examination in the district offices of the Geological Survey for 

those States in which the dams are situated.

In the formula for discharge over dams, Q s CLHn, the exponent n was 

In general taken as 1.5 and values of the coefficient C were selected from
80 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

data summarized in Water-Supply Paper 200* or from those contained in modern handbooks, modified in some instances as a result of the experience 

of engineers of the Geological Survey in the use of such coefficients. 

The selection of coefficients by the different district offices was unified and coordinated with a view to utilizing the combined experience of 

the organization, thereby reducing errors of individual judgment. It is 

believed that the results obtained by this method are reliable, although 

many of the determinations were made for heads considerably greater than 

those for which the coefficients are well established by experience and 

practice. For the depths of flow over dams that occurred in the floods 

of March 1936, coefficients in general not exceeding 3.80 were used for 

ogee-shaped crests.

Computation of flow from slope-area observations

In the slope-area method the discharge is determined from measurements of the slope and the cross-sectional area of a suitable reach of 

channel and the use of formulas that have been subjected to extensive 

practical application. The basic formula is that of Chezy for the mean 

velocity of a stream, V = C \/RS~, in which R is the hydraulic radius, S 

the slope (energy gradient), and C a coefficient whose value depends on 

the degree of roughness of the bed of the channel and the hydraulic radius. This coefficient may be determined by either of two well-known 

formulas, Kutter's or Manning's. Both of these formulas include the 

roughness factor and the hydraulic radius, and Kutter's formula includes 

also the slope.

These formulas apply most satisfactorily to channels that have uniform beds and cross sections and that are free from bends or other characteristics which would tend to cause irregular and turbulent flows. Natural streams in flood rarely, if ever, have these ideal characteristics in 

full, and for the determination of discharge by the slope-area method 

those reaches of channel are selected which conform as closely as possible to the ideal conditions. On many streams the reaches of available 

channel are characterized by lack of uniformity in the bed, variations of 

cross-sectional area, bends, and other disturbing elements that make the 

application of the method difficult or impracticable.

* Horton, R. E., Weir experiments, coefficients, and formulass TJ. 3. 

Geol. Survey Water-Supply Pfloer 200, 1907.
COMPUTATION OP PLOW PROM SLOPE-AREA OBSERVATIONS 81

The coefficient n, which is expected to express the degree of roughness of the channel and which is closely related to the coefficient C, 

has embodied in it when applied to a natural stream channel various 

elements besides the resistance to flow afforded by the bed. Among these 

elements are adverse bottom slope and irregularities of alinement and 

shape and of material in the bed and banks of the channel that cause 

cross currents, eddies, and other turbulence, which absorb the energy of 

the flowing water.

For the hydraulic radius and slope generally found in flooded 

streams in northeastern United States, the values of n used in the Kutter 

formula differ little, if any, from those used in the Manning formula. 

Because of this situation and the uncertainties in selection of values of 

n introduced by the disturbing elements mentioned above, any differences 

in the values of n that are caused by the use of one or the other of 

these two formulas are regarded as having no practical significance.

In some of the Survey districts within the area of the floods of 

March 1936 the Manning formula was used in the determination of discharge; 

in others the Kutter formula/was used without detracting from the probable 

comparability of the results. The values of n chosen and used by engineers of the Geological Survey were checked by comparisons with available 

data, special consideration being given to results of actual determinations of coefficients of roughness by Ramser.* So far as possible, the 

determinations of discharge made by the slope-area method in the Survey's 

district offices were intercompared and centrally supervised or reviewed.

A channel for which the flow was determined by the slope-area method 

is illustrated in plate 5 . The basic data used in the determination of 

discharge in the reach of channel shown in plate 5 are shown in figure 

38. Similar basic data for all slope-area determinations were collected 

and are filed in the district offices.

There may have been no previous application of the slope-area method 

to the determination of flood discharges that was as comprehensive as 

that in connection with the determination of discharges for the floods of 

March 1936. Where there were opportunities to compare the results obtained by this method under reasonably favorable conditions with those 

obtained by other methods, the comparisons indicate that reliable results

# Ramser, C. E., Plow of water in drainage channels; the results of 

experiments to determine the roughness coefficient n in Kutter's formula: 

U. S. Kept. Agr. Tech. Bull. 129, November 1929.
82 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOHAC, JAMBS, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

1 1

1 1 «-To Johnstown

 --

U 1 1 1 1 1 1 |l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bridge T 

destroyed Stony Creek -

by_the°flbod 1 4°° 80°

Cultivated field 

*" ffl

1 f §

o 13 \ *> <D \ g

\ 5

/-High-water marks'

^ fe H s i

^ T ~--~__^ ^Approximate

>t """"^-^/ high-water line

4 1 1 1 | 1 1 1 1 1 1 1- ~ J

j-__ ______ .

1,200

' " i

rvTV |\X]v r\j-iy r**/\ yixxi fspl XNTTf^ I2SJA 12SJ) IAI| P\l /I2SJ I2SI/ I2SJ

; y y y -

i u

High-water marks 

f 

/:

/ / / /

/

Not drawn to scale

. 

.- 

 ^\ 

\

 t\

0 I

 ffl X

Sketch Map

^

^~ . -^=

4- 

rH

ection A

0.00105 " 

Assumed w

 - s =0.000fifl

ater surface^!

1

0

t

^Section

1 _____

B

 -

50 .22

400 600 800 

Feet along center of channel

Profile of high-water marks

1,000 1,20C

Area, in square feet 4,565

Wetted perimeter, in feet 280

Hydraulic radius, in feet 16.30

3,092

720

4.29

7,657

1,000

7.66

25

200 400 600 1,200

Feet

Section A

800 1,000

Area, in square feet 4,772 

Wetted perimeter, in feet 288 

Hydraulic radius, in feet 16.57

1,200

Section B

Figure 38. Map, profile of high-water marks, and sections of the slope-area reach 

Stony Creek at Ferndale, Pa.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 5

A. LOOKING UP THE MAIN CHANNEL OF THE REACH.

Section A was taken about 300 feet below the abutment of the destroyed bridge that is shown in the 

upper left corner. Section B was taken approximately at the point shown in the lower right corner. 

Left bank below railroad tracks covered with small brush. Right bank clear except for a few large 

trees along the top. Bed composed of gravel and one-man rocks. The picture of the bed is typical 

of the reach, and the conditions shown at section B are slightly better than at section A.

B. LOOKING DOWNSTREAM AND ACROSS THE OVERFLOW SECTION ON THE RIGHT

BANK.

Section B was taken near the garage at the extreme right. The overflow was almost entirely free from 

vegetation except for a few small clumps and an occasional tree.

SLOPE-AREA REACH ON STONY CREEK AT FERNDALE, PA.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 6

A. ARTIFICIAL CONTROL, RECORDER HOUSE, AND MEASURING CABLE ON OLENTANGY RIVER, DELAWARE, OHIO.

B. RECORDER HOUSE AND MEASURING CABLE ON KAWEAH RIVER, THREE RIVERS,

CALIF.

TYPICAL RIVER-MEASUREMENT STATIONS.
STAGES AND DISCHARGES AT RIVER-MEASUREMENT STATIONS 83

were obtained. Where the conditions were generally unsuitable for the 

use of the slope-area method the comparisons have given rather erratic 

results. The slope-area method has generally been found to be useful as 

a means for checking determinations of discharges of extreme floods made 

by other methods and for making determinations where the application of 

other methods was impracticable.

Computation of flow through contracted openings

The method of computing flow through a contracted opening was applied 

where a stream passes through a constriction, such as the space between 

bridge abutments. In such a situation the area of cross section is much 

less than that of the channel above the opening, resulting in an increase 

in velocity through the contracted section. Such an Increase in velocity 

can be produced only by converting head into velocity, and the head so 

used shows as a sharp drop in the water surface beginning near the entrance to the contracted section. The flow through the opening is the 

product of the area of the contracted cross section and the velocity 

through it, the velocity being computed from the velocity head corresponding to the drop in water surface through the contracted section plus the 

head due to velocity of approach minus the head lost by friction. (For a 

detailed description of this method see Houk, I. E., Calculation of flow 

in open channels: Miami Conservancy Dist. Tech. Repts., pt« 4, 1918.)

STAGES AND DISCHARGES AT RIVER-MEASUREMENT STATIONS 

DURING THE FLOOD PERIOD

One of the foremost purposes of this series of reports is the publication of useful detailed information regarding the stages and discharges 

of streams during the floods of March 1936 that will not be available in 

the summarized records of river discharge published annually in the watersupply papers of the Geological Survey. The Justification for making 

available such detailed information rests upon the recognized need for 

records of flood behavior that will show not only the mean daily discharge 

and the maximum rates of discharge during a flood as usually published for 

a gaging station but also the stages and rates of discharge continuously 

throughout the flood period and will make possible a definition of conditions of stage and discharge at all stations in a basin at a given time 

during the progress of the flood. This detail is essential for intensive 

and comprehensive studies of the characteristics of floods and promotes
84 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

tlie formulation of appropriate plans for flood protection and control. 

It furnishes basic information for studying the behavior of flood crests, 

including the incidence of crests from different tributaries of a stream, 

the progress of flood crests throughout a river system, and other features useful in deriving the elements necessary for forecasting flood 

heights and for appraising the characteristics of different basins in the 

shedding of flood waters. It furnishes basic information for the consideration of the practical feasibility of detention reservoirs, channel 

improvement, forest management, soil treatment, and other measures with 

respect to their merits for ameliorating damage and losses caused by 

great floods. Moreover, in view of the exceptional record-setting character of the floods of March 1936, it is important that full and authentic information concerning them be available for reference and guidance 

in connection with future urban and industrial development, with highway 

and bridge construction, and especially with the design of hydraulic 

structures in their relation to flood channels of streams.

Records of gaging atatlona published in this report relate to streams 

on which floods occurred or which are situated adjacent to the margins of 

the flooded regions and so serve to define the areal extent of the floods. 

They also relate to the main Ohio River and streams tributary thereto 

from Pittsburgh, Pa., to its mouth - records which are useful in studies 

of the passage of the flood waters of 1936 down the channel of the Ohio 

River.

Explanation of data

The basic data systematically collected at river-measurement stations 

consist of records of stage, measurements of discharge, and general information useful in determining the daily flow from the records of gage 

height and discharge measurements. The records of stage are obtained 

either by direct readings on a nonrecording gage or by a water-stage recorder. Measurements of discharge are generally made by a current meter, 

the methods of using which are outlined in standard textbooks. Typical 

river-measurement stations equipped with water-stage recorder and measuring cable and car are shown in plate 6. Rating tables showing the discharges for indicated stages are prepared from the results of discharge 

measurements. At some river stations other or auxiliary devices are used 

in the determination of discharge, such as turbines, venturi meters, and 

gates, so calibrated as to indicate the quantity of water passing through 

them.
EXPLANATION OP DATA 85

In general, the data presented In the following tables comprise for 

each river-measurement station a description of the station, a table showing the daily discharges throughout the 3-month period February, March, 

and April 1936, and a table showing the stage and discharge at the times 

indicated during a period including the major flood flows and in sufficient detail for the delineation of hydrographs to show with reasonable 

accuracy the stage and discharge at any instant throughout the flood period. Over most of the flood area the major flood flows occurred within 

the period March 8 to 25, and these detailed records of stage and discharge conform thereto. On some tributaries of the Ohio River the period 

in the latter table is modified to cover appropriately the major flood 

flows on those streams. Similarly on the main Ohio River the period of 

detailed definition of stages and discharges was made to conform to the 

flood rise, which, of course, came progressively later as it moved downstream. The data in the tables are intended to be reasonably complete 

and explicit with respect to essential information, although they are 

presented in abbreviated and concentrated form. Figure 39 gives two examples of stage and discharge plotted from typical compilations of data.

The presentation of the records and other information has been 

standardized as much as practicable, and the following explanation is applicable to the standardized form. In general this form includes a description of the station, which gives information with respect to the 

location and type of gage, the area of the drainage basin, and the record 

of gage height.

The information regarding gage heights describes the method of determining the stage during the flood and is of special technical significance, 

because the flood conditions at some localities prevented the use of the 

ordinary method of obtaining records of stage and discharge. A statement 

regarding the stage-discharge relation covers fundamentally a brief reference to methods used in the definition of the rating curve over the 

ranges of stage occurring in the floods. The description also includes 

information with respect to any other auxiliary methods used in obtaining 

the discharge, such as by flow through turbines, venturi meters, or 

gates. The maximum stage and discharge at the gaging station are given 

for the floods of 1936 and for the period of continuous record prior 

thereto, also at some stations for floods antedating such period of record. Miscellaneous notes and conments essential or helpful to understanding the record are included as remarks.
Gage height,

In feet, at

Indicated time

Discharge, In thousands

of second-feet, at

indicated time

Mean dally

discharge,

in thousands

of second-feet

Gag

in 

indi
EXPLANATION OP DATA 87

The table showing mean daily discharge presents the data generally 

for February, March, and April and covers the period of the floods and a 

time of sufficient length before and after to show the relation of the 

flood discharges to the prevalent discharges of the late winter and early 

spring. These data make possible a general perspective of the rises of 

the March floods and the related stream-flow conditions prior and subsequent thereto. The table shows the mean monthly discharge for the 3 

months and the volume of run-off expressed as depth in inches over the 

drainage area, corrected for artificial storage if the information needed 

therefor was available. Figure 40 shows hydrographs of mean daily discharge at selected river-measurement stations for this 3-aonth period.

The tables showing stage and discharge at indicated times are designed to present the rise and recession of the flood in detail. In most 

of the records presented these tables begin on March 8, 3 or 4 days before the beginning of the rise of the first major flood, and continue 

through March 25, when the flood had largely passed out of the river systems. As previously noted, the period of time covered by this table has 

been varied under special conditions to include stages and discharges for 

a longer or different period where it seemed desirable.

This table is accompanied by supplemental records of stage and discharge to afford a more nearly complete record of these items at the 

given river-measurement station continuously throughout the flood period. 

Hydrographs of discharge showing characteristics of the flood peaks and 

conditions of stream flow during the flood period are shown for rivermeasurement stations in the Potomac River Basin in figure 41 and for river-measurement stations on the James River in figure 42. In figures 43 

to 46 are shown graphs of discharge at various river-measurement stations 

in the Ohio River Basin.

The stages at the indicated times were obtained from the records of 

continuous water-stage recorders so far as such records were available. 

For stations at which the records of stage were intermittent, consisting 

of a small number of gage readings per day, or at which the records were 

broken because of some failure in the recording system, stage hydrographs 

have been developed on the basis of the available information, and the 

stages at indicated times have been obtained from these hydrographs. The 

stage records in this table are given to hundredth^ of a foot or to other 

limits of refinement, such as half-tenths or tenths of a foot, as explained in the notes accompanying the records.
FLOODS OF MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Potomac River | 

near Washington, P. C.

Rappahannock Rlvei 

at Kelly's Ford, Va

James River 

hear Richmond, Va

Roanoke River 

near Clover, Va

Parkers Landing,

Klsklminetas River 

at Avonmore, Pa.

Monongahela River 

at Charlerol. Pa.

Youghiogheny River 

at Sutersvllle, Pa

hlo Hiver 

at Sewlckley, Pa

Ohio River 

at Metropolis, 111

10 20 29 10 20 31 10 20

February March April

Figure 40. Graphs of mean dally discharge at various river-measurement stations in

the drainage basins of the Potomac, James, and upper Ohio Rivers for

the period February 1 to April 30, 1936.
EXPLANATION OF DATA

4eej-puooes jo sptreenoq^
second-feet of thousands In Discharge 

dO HOHW 'OVWOMM--926T 'SHWW CIKV OIHO SHUAIH 
140

£ 100 

Allegheny River at Parkers 

10 11 12 13' 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 

20

Figure 43. Graphs of discharge at various river-measurem

March 8 to April 4, 19
FLOODS OF MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

^aaj-puooas jo Eptresno-qa a-f
EXPLANATION OF DATA

q.99j-pnoo9s jo sptrssnonq. ttf
1,100

1,000

900

800

700

600

500

to 400

300

200

/ \Huntlngton, W. Va.-^X.

9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31

Figure 46. Graphs of discharge at various river-measureme

March 8 to April 30, 1936.
EXPLANATION OP DATA 95

The discharge at indicated times is related in general to the corresponding stage in accordance with the stage-discharge relation as discussed in the preceding paragraph. Where the normal stage-discharge 

relation was affected by ice or by backwater from tributaries, these conditions were taken into consideration in the determination of discharge. 

In some instances the stage in its application to the stage-discharge relation for determination of discharge has been used to the nearest halftenth or tenth in accordance with certain established limits.

Certain miscellaneous records of stage and discharge at measurement 

stations on the Ohio River are included in modified form in their appropriate order among the stations on that river.

The records are treated in accordance with the regular arrangement 

used by the Geological Survey in its water-supply papers. The drainage 

basins are treated from north to south in the order of their discharge 

into the Atlantic Ocean. In this volume records of streams in the Ohio 

River Basin follow those for the Roanoke River Basin.

The maximum discharges at these river-measurement stations and at 

other places on these streams, with other related information are listed 

in tables 11 and 12 in the order above described. The locations of the 

stations are shown on the maps accompanying tables 11 and 12 (figs. 48 

to 51) by means of index numbers listed in the first column of the table.

Reference should be made to the water-supply papers of the Geological 

Survey for other available published records of flow of the streams discussed in this report. The records of flow published herein are based 

on all information available at this time. Accelerated erosion and deposition in the river channels due to the floods may have changed the 

stage-discharge relation at some river-measurement stations at medium and 

low discharges, but all these changes may not have been fully defined in 

the period available for observations since the floods. Any revisions 

found necessary in the light of further information will be published in 

subsequent water-supply papers.
FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AHD UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

North Branch of Potomac River at Blooming ton, ltd.

Location.- Lat. 390 28'48n , long. 79°4 t 8n , at highway bridge at Blooming ton, Garrett 

County, 600 feet above_mouth of Savage River and 2 miles above Piedmont, W. Va. 

Zero of gage is 951.98 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 287 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for periods 8 to 11 p.m. Mar. 4, 

11 p.mT Mar. 10 to noon Mar. 11, 7 a.m. Mar. 12 to 3 a.m. Mar. 13, 7 a.m. Mar. 17 to 

1 a.m. Mar. 18, when it was determined by flood marks, observations by local residents, and comparison with stage graph of station on Savage River.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 6,500 second-feet; 

extended to crest discharge using slope-area determination of flood flow; verified by 

comparison of instantaneous discharge and total run-off of flood with records for 

other streams in Potomac River Basin. Affected by ice Feb. 1-27.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, about 25,100 second-feet 9:30 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 

about 13.2 feet).

1924 (October) to 1927, 1929-35: Discharge, about 12,600 second-feet (revised) 

Feb. 4, 1932 (gage height, 10.4 feet).

1889-1936: Maximum known stage, 20.3 feet Mar. 29, 1924, from flood marks; 

equivalent to about 15.0 feet on present gage.

Remarks.- Flood run-off not materially affected by storage. Recording-gage shelter is 

located on right bank below bridge abutment on inside of sharp bend in channel. Daring flood, water surface is higher on left bank (outside of bend) than at gage. Flood 

mark on left bank above bridge was at gage height 18.5 feet, one below bridge at 

15.34 feet, and crest at gage about 13.2 feet. Mark left by flood of Mar. 29, 1924, 

at upstream side of left bridge abutment was at gage height 20.3 feet.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

260

270

280

270

280

300

270

250

230

240

Mar.

2,300

1,750

1,300

1,350

2,230

1,750

1,400

1,140

1,400

1,860

Apr.

900

1,090

990

780

840

4,030

3,040

1,920

1,470

1,800

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

210

210

210

210

500

700

700

650

600

550

Mar.

3,850

3,290

2,100

1,440

1,440

1,400

13,800

8,840

3,560

2,420

Apr.

1,860

1,560

1,270

1,060

900

960

810

680

612

550

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

500

450

400

350

600

4,900

5,000

3,400

2,230

863

3.25

Mar.

2,280

1,860

2,090

4,780

5,150

3,470

2,870

2,420

1,650

1,310

1,120

2 GO fi

11.36

Apr.

500

491

447

399

355

339

359

316

283

259

4.00

Page height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 19S6

$

o

W

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

X

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

5.25

5.22

5.19

5.16

5.12

5.09

5.06

5.04

5.03

5.06

5.14

5.23

1,220

"1,200

1,170

1,140

1,120

1,090

1,070

1,050

1,040

1,070

1,130

1,200

March 14

5.67

5.62

5.57

5.51

5.46

5.42

5.39

5.37

5.37

5.40

5.46

5.53

1,610

1,560

1,510

1,450

1,410

1,370

1,340

1,320

1,320

1,350

1,400

1,470

March 20

6.77

6.70

6.63

6.56

6.50

6.45

6.41

6.39

6.38

6.39

6.40

6.46

2,750

2,640

2,530

2,430

2,350

2,280

2,230

2,210

2,190

2,210

2,220

2,290

Feet | See. ft.

March 9

5.30

5.35

5.37

5.38

5.36

5.33

5.32

5.34

5.47

5.66

5.79

5.86

1,260

1,300

1,320

1,330

1,310

1,290

1,280

1,300

1,410

1,600

1,740

1,820

March 15

5.60

5.64

5.64

5.61

5.55

5.50

5.45

5.42

5.42

5.45

5.49

5.52

1,540

1,580

1,580

1,550

1,490

1,440

1,400

1,370

1,370

1,400

1,430

1,460

March 21

6.59

6.67

6.68

6.61

6.54

6.46

6.41

6.36

6.33

6.28

6.21

6.15

2,480

2,590

2,610

2,500

2,410

2,290

2,230

2,170

2,130

2,070

1,980

1,920

Feet |Sec.ft.

March 10

5.90

5.92

5.92

5.92

5.91

5.88

5.81

5.78

5.79

5.86

5.97

6.1

1,860

1,880

1,880

1,880

1,870

1,840

1,760

1,730

1,740

1,820

1,940

2,100

March 16

5.54

5.55

5.53

5.49

5.45

5.42

5.38

5.37

5.36

5.39

5.44

5.52

1,480

1,490

1,470

1,430

1,400

1,370

1,330

1,320

1,310

1,340

1,390

1,460

March 22

6.09

6.05

6.00

5.96

5.93

5.91

5.93

5.98

6.08

6.23

6.32

6.36

1,850

1,800

1,750

1,710

1,680

1,660

1,680

1,730

1,840

2,010

2,120

2,170

Feet |Sec.ft.

March 11

6.5

6.8

7.2

7.4

7.6

7.52

7.40

7.32

7.28

7.25

7.22

7.20

2,660

3,140

3,860

4,250

4,660

4,490

4,250

4,090

4,010

3,960

3,900

3,860

March 17

5.61

5.72

5.89

7.4

10.2

11.8

12.2

12.4

12.7

13.1

13.2

13.1

1,550

1,660

1,850

4,250

11,900

18,300

20,100

21,100

22,500

24,600

25,100

24,600

March 23

6.36

6.34

6.29

6.24

6.19

6.14

6.09

6.08

6.14

6.31

6.53

6.75

2,170

2,140

2,080

2,020

1,960

1,900

1,850

1,840

1,900

2,100

2,390

2,720

Feet Sec . ft .

March 12

7.16

7.12

7.07

7.02

6.96

6.90

6.85

6.78

6.70

6.63

6.56

6.49

3,780

3,710

3,620

3,530

3,420

3,310

3,220

3,110

2,970

2,860

2,750

2,640

March 18

11.20

10.50

9.81

9.30

9.00

8.78

8.55

8.41

8.26

8.07

7.93

7.78

15,700

12,900

10,400

8,710

7,800

7,160

6,540

6,170

5,780

5,320

4,990

4,650

March 24

6.98

7.08

7.10

7.08

7.04

7.02

7.15

7.68

9.00

9.26

9.22

9.00

3,090

3,260

3,290

3,260

3,190

3,150

3,380

4,430

7,800

8,590

8,460

7,800

Feet Sec. ft.

March 13

6.42

6.34

6.26

6.19

6.11

6.05

5.98

5.93

5.88

5.84

5.78

5.73

2,540

2,430

2,310

2,220

2,110

2,040

1,960

1,900

1,840

1,790

1,730

1,670

March 19

7.66

7.55

7.44

7.35

7.26

7.17

7.11

7.06

7.01

6.96

6.90

6.84

4,380

4,160

3,930

3,760

3,580

3,420

3,310

3,220

3,140

3,060

2,950

2,850

March 25

8.70

8.44

8.16

7.96

7.85

7.81

7.72

7.66

7.64

7.68

7.74

7.74

6,940

6,240

5,530

5,060

4,800

4,710

4,510

4,390

4,340

4,430

4,560

4,560

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 9:30 p.m., 13.2 ft., 25,100 sec.-ft.
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 97

North Branch, of Potomac River near Cumberland, Md.

Location.- Lat. 39°37'1611 , long. 780 46'24n , at Hlleys Ford highway bridge 2 miles south 

of Cumberland, Allegany County, and 2.1 miles below mouth of Wills Creek. Zero of 

gage is 585,223 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 875 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for periods 8:30 p.m. Mar. 17 to 

3 a.m. Mar. 18, 10 a.m. Mar. 20 to 6 a.m. Mar. 21, 7 p.m. Mar. 21 to 1 p.m. Mar. 22, 

when it was based on high-water marks, observer's readings, and shape of stage graphs 

at nearby stations.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1, 18-23. Defined by current-meter

measurements below 18,400 second-feet; extended to peak discharge obtained by slopearea computation; verified by contracted-opening computation of flow,velocity-area 

study near control section, and comparison of instantaneous discharge and total runoff of flood with records for other streams in Potomac River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 97,300 second-feet 11:30 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 29.13 

feet, from flood mark).

1929-35: Discharge, 28,200 second-feet (revised) May 13, 1932 (gage height, 

19.2 feet).

1889-1936? Maximum known stage, 29.2 feet June 1, 1889 {discharge, about 

98,000 second-feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Da7

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

700

643

689

673

673

712

743

614

570

577

Mar.

7,420

5,660

4,170

3,890

6,940

6,140

4,750

3,750

3,750

5,980

Apr.

2,510

2,340

2,460

1,970

1,870

8,990

9,100

5,660

4,170

4,600

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

521

501

508

556

743

1,650

1,650

1,600

1,500

1,400

Mar.

10,700

14,000

7,910

4,900

4,030

4,310

34,500

49,300

13,900

8,080

Apr.

4,310

4,030

3,230

2,800

2,400

2,290

2,070

1,770

1,570

1,420

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

1,200

1,100

940

866

960

11,200

15,300

11,800

7,260

2.88

Mar.

8,690

5,980

5,660

7,050

12,500

8,080

6,460

5,820

4,450

3,490

2,980

11.69

Apr.

1,270

1,220

1,110

996

900

828

836

828

756

700

3.36

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

a

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

K

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

-

7.23

_

7.11

_

6.94

_

6.84

_

6.81

-

6.82

-

4,070

_

3,900

_

3,670

_

3,540

_

3,500

-

3,520

March 14

_

8.23

_

7.36

_

7.74

_

7.56

_

7.42

7.35

_

5,550

_

5,140

_

4,810

_

4,540

_

4,340

4,240

March 20

_

10.52

_

10.09

_

9.72

_

9.40

_

9.13

_

9.03

_

9,300

_

8,570

_

7,940

_

7,420

_

6,990

_

6,830

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

_

6.87

_

6.97

-

7.05

_

7.05

-

7.24

-

7.57

_

3,580

_

3,710

_

3,820

_

3,820

_

4,090

-

4,560

March 15

_

7.31

_

7.29

7.28

7.00

7.22

7.19

_

7.11

7.13

_

4,180

4,160

4,140

3,750

4,060

4,020

_

3,900

3,930

March 21

9.25

9.65

10.09

10.63

11.20

11.15

10.82

10.40

10.05

9.82

9.58

S.38

7,180

7,820

8,570

9,490

10,500

10,400

9,810

9,100

8,500

8,110

7,710

7,390

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

_

8.14

_

8.56

8.71

_

8.64

_

8.57

-

8.60

_

5,410

_

6,080

_

6,320

_

6,200

_

6,090

-

6,140

March 16

_

7.27

_

7.42

_

7.49

_

7.48

_

7.51

7.72

_

4,130

_

4,340

_

4,440

_

4,420

4,460

4,780

March 22

_

9.00

_

8.68

_

8.40

_

8.18

_

8.06

_

8.20

_

6,780

_

6,270

_

5,820

_

5,470

_

5,290

_

5,500

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

8.68

8.82

9.04

9.32

9.77

10.61

11.35

12.33

13.46

14.36

14.91

15.12

6,270

6,490

6,840

7,290

8,030

9,460

10,700

12,500

14,600

16,400

17,500

17,900

March 17

7.88

8.10

8.45

9.07

11.50

15.25

19.30

23.10

25.35

27.56

29.04

29.13

5,020

5,350

5,900

6,890

11,000

18,200

28,600

45,300

60,500

80,300

96,200

97,300

Marqh 23

_

8.43

_

8.47

8.37

_

8.22

_

8.07

_

8.01

_

5,870

_

5,930

_

5,770

_

5,530

_

5,300

_

5,220

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

15.01

14.67

14.24

13.75

13.31

12.91

12.61

12.36

12.12

11.84

11.52

11.17

17,700

17,000

16,100

15,200

14,300

13,600

13,000

12,600

12,100

11,600

11,000

10,400

March 18

28.61

27.60

26.50

25.15

23.90

22.65

21.25

19.88

18.55

17.55

16.93

16.29

91,400

80,700

70,200

58,900

50,100

43,000

36,000

30,600

26,200

23,400

21,800

20,200

March 24

8.04

8.16

8.38

8.62

8.80

8.92

9.07

9.35

9.54

10.08

10.89

12.50

5,260

5,440

5,790

6,170

6,460

6,650

6,890

7,340

7,640

8,560

9,930

12,800

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

-

10.57

_

10.05

_

9.56

-

9.16

_

8.82

_

8.52

-

9,390

_

8,500

_

7,680

_

7,040

_

6,490

_

6,010

March 19

15.55

14.80

14.19

13.62

13.14

12.74

12.38

12.07

11.70

11.43

11.20

10.98

18,800

17,200

16,000

14,900

14,000

13,300

12,600

12,000

11,400

10,900

10,500

10,100

March 25

13.80

14.14

13.90

13.42

12.89

12.36

11.82

11.41

11.06

10.78

10.56

10.43

15,300

15,900

15,500

14,600

13,600

12,600

11,600

10,800

10,200

9,750

9,370

9,150

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 11:30 p.m., 29.13 ft., 97,300 sec.-ft.
98 ELOODS OF MARCg 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, ANE UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Potomac River at Hancock, Md.

Location.- Lat. 39°41'49", long. 78°10'39'1 , at highway bridge at Hancock, Washington 

County, 1.1 miles above Great Tonoloway Creek. Zero of gage is 383.46 feet above 

mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 4,070 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph prior to 9:10 a.m. Mar. 18; thereafter 

graph based on flood marks and two or more gage readings daily.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-26. Defined by current-meter measurements below 32,800 second-feetj extended to peak stage by using slope-area computation of flood flow; verified by velocity-area studies at control section and comparisons of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with records at other stations in 

Potomac River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 340,000 second-feet 6 p.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 47.60 feet).

 1932-35: Discharge, 64,400 second-feet (revised) Apr. 21, 1933 (gage height, 

23.1 feet).

1852-1936: Maximum known discharge and stage, that of Mar. 18, 1936.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

2,800

2,600

2,400

2,500

2,700

3,500

3,200

2,800

2,600

2,400

Mar.

24,800

20,800

15,500

13,000

15,500

17,800

14,600

11,600

9,990

10,500

Apr.

8,820

7,890

8,580

7,890

6,770

13,900

30,200

23,000

16,900

14,700

Day

11

12

13

14

15

Ifi

17

18

19

20

Feb.

2,300

2,200

2,100

2,200

3,500

8,500

12,000

14,000

11,000

9,000

Mar.

13,500

26,100

30,600

20,200

14,400

11,900

41,900

261,000

153,000

40,700

Apr.

15,800

14,900

12,800

10,800

9,060

8,120

7,430

6,350

5,740

4,970

Day

21

22

23

24

25

2R

27

28

29

30

31

Run-of f , in inches ............................................

Feb.

8,700

7,000

6,500

4,500

4,000

11,000

51,200

51,600

31,600

9,324

2.47

liar.

30,400

32,200

21,200

19,700

27,400

26,100

19,400

18,300

15,500

12,600

10,500

32,280

9.14

Apr.

4,610

4,090

3,760

3,440

3,140

2,990

2,850

2,710

2,710

2,570

8,916

2.44

gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at Indicated time, 1956

£

o

n

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

_

9.17

_

9.00

_

8.85

_

8.72

_

8.59

_

'8.45

_

12,600

_

12,100

_

11,700

_

11,400

_

11,000

_

10,600

March 14

_

32.77

_

12.20

_

11.70

_

11.26

_

10.85

_

10.50

_

23,200

-

21,400

_

19,900

-

18,600

_

17,400

_

16,400

March 20

23.20

21.75

20.15

18.65

17.70

17.00

16.40

16.00

15.65

15.40

15.20

15.00

63,700

55,800

48,000

41,600

37,800

35,300

33,200

31,900

30,700

29,900

29,300

28,600

Keet Sec.ft.

March 9

_

8.32

_

8.20

_

8.12

_

8.07

_

8.07

_

8.12

_

10,300

_

9,990

_

9,780

_

9,650

_

9,650

_

9,780

March 15

_

10.18

_

9.92

_

9.68

-

9.49

_

9.33

_

9.18

_

15,400

_

14,700

_

14,000

_

13,500

_

13,000

_

12,600

March 21

14.90

14.80

14.75

14.75

14.80

15.10

15.40

15.80

16.20

16.60

17.00

17.30

28,300

28,000

27,800

27,800

28,000

29,000

29,900

31,200

32,600

33,900

35,300

36,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

_

8.21

_

8.25

_

8.33

_

8.50

_

8.78

_

9.06

_

10,000

_

10,100

_

10,300

_

10,800

-

11,500

_

12,300

March 16

_

9.02

_

8.94

_

8.86

_

8.80

_

8.82

_

8.97

_

12,200

_

12,000

_

11,800

_

11,600

_

11,600

_

12,000

March 22

_

17.40

_

17.33

_

16.80

_

15.85

_

15.00

_

14.20

_

36,700

..

36,500

_

34,600

31,400

_

28,600

_

26,100

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

_

9.22

_

9.25

_

9.30

_

9.49

-

9.80

_

10.39

-

12,700

_

12,800

_

13,000

_

13,500

-

14,400

_

16,000

March 17

9.06

9.23

9.50

9.89

10.45

11.38

13.85

18.25

23.40

27.60

30.42

32.75

12,300

12,800

13,500

14,600

16,200

19,000

26,600

42,100

66,100

92,500

114,000

135,000

March 23

_

13.40

_

12.72

_

12.50

_

12.43

_

12.41

_

12.38

_

23,600

21,500

_

20,900

20,700

20,600

_

20,600

Feet |Sec.ft.

March 12

10.79

11.32

11.95

12.73

13.53

14.20

14.75

15.18

15.48

15.65

15.74

15.79

17,200

18,800

20,700

23,100

25,600

27,700

29,500

30,900

31,900

32,500

32,800

33,000

March 18

34.55

36.50

38.72

41.25

43.35

44.90

46.10

47.00

47.60

46.80

45.15

43.45

153,000

174,000

203,000

236,000

268,000

293,000

313,000

329,000

340,000

326,000

297,000

269,000

March 24

_

12.37

_

12.33

_

12.07

11.89

_

11.82

_

11.94

-

20,500

20,400

19,600

19,100

-

18,900

19,300

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

15.81

15.82

15.80

15.74

15.64

15.48

15.22

14.90

14.55

14.17

13.80

13.45

33,000

33,100

33,000

32,800

32,400

31,900

31,000

30,000

28,800

27,600

26,400

25,300

March 19

41.60

39.75

38.15

36.60

35.25

33.84

32.27

30.74

29.35

27.80

26.20

24.70

241,000

215,000

194,000

176,000

160,000

146,000

131,000

117,000

106,000

93,900

82,600

72,800

March 25

_

12.35

13.32

_

15.00

15.75

15.85

_

15.75

_

20,500

23,400

28,600

31,100

31,400

31,100
POTOKAC RIVER BASIN 99 

Potomao River at Shepherdstown, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39°26'4B , long. 77°48'7", at highway bridge at Shepherds town, Jefferson 

County, 3.3 miles above mouth of Antietam Creek. Zero of gage is 281.00 feet above 

mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 5,936 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for period 5:30 p.m. Mar. 18 to 

6 p.m. -/ar. 21, when record was based on flood marks and readings by local residents. 3age heights from reoorder graph or actually observed at stated times, given 

to hundredthsj imterpolated gage heights given to tenths.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-14. Defined by current-meter measurements below 108,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage using slope-area computation of flood flow; verified by comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of 

flood with records at other stations in Potomac River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 335,000 second-feet 6 a.m. Mar. 19 (gage height, 42.07 feet).

1928-35: Discharge, 126,000 second-feet (revised) Apr. 17, 1929 (gage height, 

25.5 feet).

1889-1936: Maximum known stage and discharge, that of Mar. 19, 1936.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Fab.

4,000

3,500

3,500

3,500

4,000

4,500

4,500

4,000

4,000

3,500

liar.

39,600

34,200

25,500

21,200

22,000

28,200

24,600

19,200

16,400

16,000

Apr.

13,400

12,000

12,300

12,700

11,000

14,000

39,000

40,000

27,200

21,600

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

3,500

3,300

3,100

3,500

5,350

12,000

13 , 800

17,200

15,600

13,400

Mar.

19,600

39,200

58,800

39,400

25,500

19,600

25,800

205,000

287,000

106,000

Apr.

22,500

22,000

20,000

17,200

14,500

12,700

11,300

10,300

8,990

8,050

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in inches ............................................

Feb.

13,000

10,300

8,670

6,840

5,980

7,440

54,500

81,600

57,400

1 V QRfl

2.35

Mar.

49,300

58,200

37,100

29,000

29,500

38,100

29,000

25,000

22,900

18,800

16,000

8.94

Apr.

7,440

6,700

6,120

5,700

5,300

5,030

4,640

4,390

4,390

4,260

2.53

Gage height, In feet, and discharge, in second-feeb, at indicated time, 1936

£

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Z

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

_

8.28

-

8.08

-

7.92

_

7.75

-

7.57

_

7.43

_

20,700

-

19,900

-

19,200

_

18,600

-

17,800

_

17,300

March 14

14.30

13.86

13.43

13.04

12.63

12.25

11.90

11.58

11.27

11.00

10.73

10.49

49,400

47,000

44,800

42,800

40,700

38,800

37,100

35,500

34,000

32,800

31,500

30,400

March 20

30.1

23.4

26.7

25.0

23.3

21.8

20.4

19.2

18.1

17.1

16.2

15.5

171,000

154,000

137,000

122,000

108,000

96,500

86,500

78,400

71,200

65,200

60,000

56,000

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

_

7.32

-

7.24

-

7.17

_

7.10

-

7.00

_

6.94

_

16,900

-

16, 600

-

16,300

_

16,000

-

15,600

_

15,400

March 15

-

10.02

-

9.63

_

9.30

-

9.00

_

8.74

_

8.50

_

28,200

_

26,500

_

25,000

-

23,700

_

22,600

_

21,600

March 21

_

14.6

-

14.00

-

13.65

_

13.75

-

14.32

_

15.24

_

51,000

-

47,800

_

45,900

_

46,500

-

49,500

_

54,500

Feet Sec . ft .

March 10

_

6.92

-

6.97

-

7.09

_

7.20

-

7.27

_

7.34

_

15,300

-

15,500

-

16,000

_

16,400

-

16,700

_

16,900

Maroh 16

_

8.30

-

8.13

7.95

-

7.80

_

7.67

_

7.62

_

20,800

_

20,100

_

19,400

_

18,800

_

18,200

_

18,000

March 22

_

16.26

-

16.86

16.90

16.75

_

16.02

-

14.99

_

13.98

_

60,300

-

63,800

64,100

63,200

_

58,900

_

53,100

_

47,700

Faet Sec . ft .

March 11

_

7.42

-

7.60

-

7.83

_

8.10

-

8.47

_

9.13

_

17,300

-

18,000

-

18,900

_

20,000

_

21,500

_

24,300

March 17

7.62

7.63

7.68

7.75

7.87

8.02

8.27

8.60

9.24

10.90

14.92

18.22

18,000

18,100

18,300

18,600

19,000

19,600

20,600

22,000

24,800

32,300

52,800

72,000

March 23

_

13.08

-

12.34

_

11.72

_

11.19

_

10.75

_

10.49

_

43,000

-

39,200

_

36,200

_

33,700

-

31,600

-

30,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

9.50

10.12

10.59

11.12

11.62

12.16

12.72

13.32

13.93

14.53

15.09

15.58

26,400

28',700

30,800

33,300

35,700

38,400

41,200

44,200

47,400

50,600

53,700

56,400

March 18

21.30

24.45

27.02

29.20

31.50

33.50

35.30

36.80

38.10

39.30

40.25

41.05

92,800

117,000

140,000

162,000

187,000

210,000

234,000

254,000

273,000

291,000

306,000

318,000

March 24

_

10.38

10.36

_

10.32

_

10.22

-

10.05

_

9.87

_

29,900

29,800

_

29,600

_

29,100

-

28,400

-

27,600

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

15.93

16.20

16.41

16.50

16.52

16.47

16.36

16.19

15.93

15.60

15.19

14.72

58,400

60,000

61,200

61,700

61,800

61,500

60,900

59,900

58,400

56,500

54,200

51,700

March 19

41.65

42.00

42.07

41.9

41.2

40.07

38.9

37.65

36.3

34.9

33.4

31.8

328,000

334,000

335,000

332,000

321,000

303,000

285,000

266,000

247,000

228,000

209,000

190,000

March 25

_

9.76

-

9.79

10.03

_

10.41

-

10.90

_

11.64

_

27,100

-

27,200

-

28,300

_

30,000

-

32,300

_

35,800
10C FLOODS OF MAKCH 1936 FOTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO HIVEHS 

Potomac River at Point of Rocks, Md.

Location.- Lat. 39°16'25n , long. 77°32'35", at highway bridge at Point of Rocks, Frederick County, a third of a mile below Catoctin Creek and 6 miles above Monocacy 

Riyer. Zero of gage is 200.54 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 9,651 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. Record defective Feb. 21-24, Mar. 24 

to Apr. 5, Apr.11-30; corrected on basis of observer's and engineers' readings and 

comparison with records at other stations on Potomac River.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-28. Defined by current-meter measurements below 145,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by slope-area determination of discharge; verified by comparison of instantaneous and total run-off of 

flood with records for other stations on Potomac River and its tributaries.

Maxima.- 1936! Discharge, 480,000 second-feet 9:30 a.m. Mar. 19 (gage height, 41.02 

feet).

1895-1935: Maximum discharge recorded, 277,000 second-feet (revised) May 13, 

1924 (gage height, 32.2 feet).

1852-1936S Maximum discharge, that of Mar. 19, 1936.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

5

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

7,000

6,500

6,500

7,000

7,500

8,000

9,000

7,500

7,000

6,500

Mar.

62,200

51,100

39,300

32,800

30,900

36,000

35,400

29,100

24,300

22,600

Apr.

23,000

21,000

20,000

19,500

19,000

20,900

46,200

54,700

41,300

32,200

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

1R

19

20

Feb.

6,500

6,500

6,000

6,500

8,000

22,000

32,OCO

34,000

31,000

27,000

Mar.

26,600

49,700

87,100

69,800

44,800

34,100

32 , 800

220,000

434,000

200,000

Apr.

31,000

32,000

30,000

27,000

23,000

20,000

18,000

16,000

15,000

13,000

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

23,000

19,000

15,000

13,000

10,500

16,OCO

66,000

1C3,000

92,800

2.35

Mar.

87, 700 ~l

93,600

68,200

49,000

42,000

45,000

43,000

39,000

34,000

30,000

25,000

3.16

Apr.

12,000

11,000

10,500

10,000

9,500

9,000

8,500

8,000

8,000

7,800

20,570

2.38

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

(4

3

o

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

_

7.21

7.02

_

6.86

6.73

6.59

_

6.46

_

31,000

-

29,800

_

28,800

_

28,000

-

27,200

_

26,400

March 14

-

14.22

-

13.52

-

12.71

11.93

11.20

_

10.61

-

81,700

-

76,200

_

69,900

_

63,900

58,400

-

54,100

March 20

33.45

32.20

30.85

29.40

28.05

26.45

24.60

23.15

21.75

20.15

18.70

17.60

301,000

277,000

254,000

231,000

212,000

192,000

172,000

157,000

144,000

131,000

118,000

109,000

Feet Sec . ft .

March 9

_

6.33

_

6.20

_

6.09

_

6.02

5.97

_

5.90

_

25,600

_

24,900

24,200

_

23,800

_

23,600

_

23,100

March 15

-

10.05

-

9.56

_

9.15

8.83

8.52

-

8.31

-

50,000

46,600

_

43,700

_

41,500

_

39,500

_

38,100

March 21

_

16.05

15.05

_

14.43

_

14.21

_

14.18

_

14.45

_

96,400

-

88,300

_

83,400

_

81,600

_

81,400

_

83,500

Feet Sec. ft.

March 10

_

5.83

_

5.75

_

5.70

_

5.70

_

5.75

_

5.83

_

22,700

-

22,300

_

22,000

_

22,000

_

22,300

_

22,700

March 16

_

8.14

_

7.93

_

7.74

_

7.55

_

7.37

_

7.20

_

36,900

_

35,600

_

34,300

_

33,100

_

32,000

_

30,900

March 22

_

15.03

_

15.73

_

16.29

_

16.35

_

15.85

14.93

_

88,200

_

93,800

_

98,400

_

98,900

_

94,800

87,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

_

5.87

_

5.94

_

6.09

_

6.69

_

7.65

_

7.96

_

23,000

-

23,400

_

24,200

_

s7,aoo

_

33,800

_

35,900

March 17

7.12

7.07

7.03

7.00

6.99

6.99

7.02

7.12

7.40

7.72

8.75

10.40

30,400

30,100

29,900

29,700

29,600

29,600

29,800

30,400

32,200

34,200

41,000

52,600

March 23

_

13.99

_

13.11

_

12.34

_

11.66

_

11.12

10.67

_

79,900

_

73,000

_

67,000

61,900

_

57,800

_

54,500

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

_

3.33

_

8.84

_

9.63

_

10.98

_

11.92

_

L^.79'

_

38,200

_

41,600

_

47,100

_

56,800

_

63,800

_

70,500

March 18

13.90

17.00

19.60

22.40

25.15

27.60

30.00

32 .'40

34.40

36.20

37.60

38.80

79,200

104,000

126,000

150,000

177,000

206,000

240,000

281,000

320,000

358,000

391,000

421,000

March 24

_

10.32

_

10.03

_

9.83

_

9.62

_

9.48

_

9.33

_

52,000

_

49,900

_

48,500

47,000

46,000

_

45,000

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

_

13.85

-

14.71

_

15.29

_

15.41

_

15.22

_

14.79

_

78,800

-

85,600

_

90,300

_

91,200

_

89,700

_

86,200

March 19

39.65

40.35

40.78

41.00

40.98

40.60

40.10

39.35

38.40

37.30

36.05

34.65

443,000

461,000

473,000

479,000

479,000

468,000

455,000

435,000

411,000

384,000

355,000

325,000

March 25

_

9.05

_

8.90

_

8.90

_

8.75

_

8.75

_

8.90

_

43,000

_

42,000

_

42,000

_

41,000

_

41,000

_

42,000

Supplemental records.- Mar. 19, 9:30 a.m., 41.03 ft., 480,000 sec.-ft.
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 10 

Potomac River near Washington, D. C.

Location.- Lat. 38°57'36", long. 77°8'33", li miles northeast of Langley, Fairfax 

County, Va., 2 miles above District of Columbia boundary line, and 2-g miles above 

Chain Bridge. Zero of gage is 38.00 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 11,560 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-28. Defined by current-meter measurements below 473,000 second-feet.

Maxima.,- 1936: Discharge, 484,000 second-feet 4:45 p.m. Mar. 19 (gage height, 28.1 

feet).

1930-35: Discharge, 174,000 second-feet May 14, 1932 (gage height, 15.2 

feet).

1S52-1936S Floods of June 2, 1889,and Mar. 19, 1936,were the highest during 

this period and were about the same height. Marks of the 1889 flood were at altitudes both higher and lower than marks of the 1936 flood in vicinity of gage.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

8,200

7,700

7,700

8,100

8,700

9,500

10,500

8,700

8,000

7,700

Mar.

77,800

60,600

47,200

38,300

37,100

39,500

40,700

33,500

27,800

25,100

Apr.

25,600

23,100

22 ,600

22,600

22,100

22 , 100

44,600

59,200

49,800

39,500

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

7,700

7,500

7,200

7,900

10,300

24,000

38,000

40,000

35,000

31,000

Mar.

30,000

64,800

97,600

86,800

56,400

39,500

33,500

130,000

426,000

305,000

Apr.

37,100

39,500

35,900

32,300

27,200

24,100

21,200

18,800

17,500

15,400

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

27,000

22,000

17,000

15,000

12,000

20,000

55,000

126,000

115,000

24,220

2.26

Mar. Apr.

120,000

99,200

85,300

57,800

49,800

52,400

53,700

48,500

42,000

35,900

30,000

76,510

7.63

14,600

13,200

12,500

11,500

10,900

10,300

10,000

9,400

9,120

8,850

2.29

Oage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

a

3

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

If

Feet Sec . ft .

March 8

_

6.32

_

6.19

._

6.08

5.98

_

5.89

 .

5.83

_

36,100

..

34,600

._

33,300

._

32,100

31,000

_

30,300

March 14

_

10.80

10.47

_

10.11

9.72

_

9.28

_

8.85

_

99,200

93,900

_

88,400

-

82,600

_

76,000

_

69,700

March 20

26.00

25.21

24.29

23.35

22.40

21.43

20.50

19.49

18.45

17.34

16.33

15.25

421,000

398,000

373,000

3.48,000

324,000

301,000

280,000

258,000

237,000

214,000

195,000

175,000

Peet Sec.ft.

March 9

_

5.74

..

5.66

_

5.58

._

5.52

_

5.47

_

5.46

_

29,300

..

28,500

M

27,600

«

26,900

_

26,400

_

26,300

March 15

_

8.47

-

8.12

7.79

7.53

_

7.30

_

7.11

_

64,400

59,500

54,900

-

51,500

_

48,500

_ -

46,000

March 21

_

13.65

12.42

11.67

11.12

10.79

10.61

_

146,000

126,000

-

113,000

104,000

99,000

96,300

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

_

5.44

_

5.40

_

5.34

_

5.32

_

5.35

_

5.40

_

26,000

..

25,600

_

25,000

_

24,800

..

25,100

25,600

March 16

_

6.94

-

6.77

_

6.62

_

6.48

_

6.36

_

6.25

_

43,800

41,600

_

39,700

-

38,100

_

36,600

_

35,300

March 22

_

10.54

-

10.59

10.80

11.01

11.17

11.12

_

95,000

-

95,800

_

99,200

103,000

105,000

104,000

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

_

5.43

..

5.45

._

5.54

5.73

6.22

_

7.27

_

25,900

..

26,100

_

27,100

 .

29,200

_

34,900

..

48,100

March 17

-

6.15

6.06

-

6.00

5.97

_

6.08

_

6.58

_

34,100

33,000

32,300

31,900

_

33,300

_

39,300

March 23

_

10.87

10.43

-

9.91

9.45

9.03

8.66

_

100,000

-

93,300

_

85,400

78,600

72,200

67,000

Feet Sec . ft .

March 12

_

7.95

..

8,20

«.

8.31

H

8.72

9.33

9.85

_

57,100

H

60,600

_

62,100

_

67,900

..

76,800

84,600

March 18

6.96

7.34

7.92

9.05

10.60

12.12

13.52

14.83

16.18

17.56

18.84

19.99

44,100

49,000

56,700

72,600

96,000

120,000

144,000

167,000

192,000

219,000

245,000

269,000

March 24

_

8.35

-

8.08

_

7.88

7.74

7.65

-

7.59

_

62,700

-

58,900

_

56,100

54,200

53,000

52,300

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

_

10.22

H

10.53

_

10.84

_

11.05

_

11.14

H.OA

_

90,100

..

94,900

_

99,800

..

103,000

105,000

103,000

March 19

21.51

23.42

24.93

26.00

26.91

27.50

27.87

28.06

28.04

27.76

27.32

303,000

350,000

390,000

421,000

447,000

465,000

477,000

483,000

482,000

473,000

460.000

26.72 442,000

March 25

_

7.54

7.47

_

7.39

7.32

7.26

-

7.25

_

51,600

_

50,700

_

49,700

-

48,800

-

48,000

47,800

Supplemental records.- Mar. 19, 4:45 p.m., 28.1 ft., 484,000 sec.-ft.
102 FLOODS OF MARCH 1956--POTOMAO, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Savage River at Bloomlngton, Hd.

Location.- Lat. 39°29'0 n , long. 79°4'24n , at Bloomington, (Jarrett Ootinty, 2,200 feet 

above mouth and 2 miles above Piedmont, W. Va. Zero of the gage is 978.76 feet 

above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 115 square miles.

Gage-height "record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for period 9 a.m. Mar. 18 to 

Apr. 30, when the intake was partly clogged. Record for this period corrected on 

basis of flood marks, observer's readings, and shape of stage graphs at nearby stations. Staff gage read twice daily April 8-30.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 3,600 secondfeet; extended to peak discharge obtained by slope-area determination; verified by 

comparison of instantaneous discharge and total run-off of flood with records for 

other streams in Potomao River Basin. Affected by ice Feb. 1-26.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 14,800 second-feet 9 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 10.8 feet).

 1905-06, 1924 (October) to 19S7, 1929-35: Discharge, 6,860 second-feet Mar. 

14, 1933 (gage height, 7.9 feet).

1924-36: Maximum known stage, about 13 feet Mar. 29, 1924, present datum.

Mean discharge, In second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

90

85

80

80

80

70

60

55

55

50

Mar.

1,020

763

514

509

988

880

644

485

595

1,020

Apr.

270

260

230

200

200

1,470

1,010

538

444

435

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

45

45

45

90

150

230

210

190

170

160

Mar.

2,700

1,980

988

622

509

708

7,170

5,340

1,660

980

Apr.

416

385

349

286

252

226

190

168

157

147

3*7

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

150

160

150

170

240

1,900

2,160

1,450

988

324

3.04

Mar.

970

790

730

1,100

1,420

1,000

750

550

450

580

320

12.45

Apr.

133

126

113

103

99

97

95

95

89

87

2.80

Page height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at Indicated time, 1956

£

w

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

-

3.28

3.21

_

3,16

_

3.15

3.17

_

3.25

-

518

485

-

462

448

466

504

March" 14

_

5.60

-

3.50

3.42

3.40

3.40

_

3.34

_

690

633

590

_

579

579

_

548

March 20

_

4.15

4.05

_

4.0

5.97

_

3.95

_

3.94

_

1,060

988

_

950

_

929

_

915

_

908

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

_

3.27

3.27

_

3.26

3.28

3.34

3,51

3.71

3.87

3.98

-

514

514

-

509

518

548

639

756

860

936

March 15

_

3.27

-

3.22

3.18

3.17

3,30

_

3.52

_

514

490

471

466

-

528

_

644

March 21

_

4.05

4.15

_

4.1

_

4.0

_

3.95

_

3.9

_

988

-

1,060

_

1,020

950

_

915

_

880

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

4.06

4.11

4.13

4.12

4.10

4.07

4.05

4.06

4.10

4.16

4.25

4.37

995

1,030

1,050

1,040

1,020

1,000

988

995

1,020

1,070

1,140

1,240

Maroh 16

_

3.63

3.64

5.62

_

3.60

_

3,66

_

3.78

_

708

714

702

_

690

_

726

800

March 22

_

3.8

_

3.75

_

3.7

3.7

_

3.8

_

3.8

_

815

_

782

_

750

_

750

_

813

_

813

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

4.54

4.72

4.95

5.16

5.60

5.99

6.27

6.33

6.24

6.10

5.98

5.85

1,400

1,570

1,820

2,050

2,610

3,180

3,610

3,710

3,560

3,340

3,160

2,960

March 17

3.82

3.89

4.02

4.71

6.62

8.40

9.45

10.02

10.15

10.38

10.58

10.00

826

873

965

1,560

4,210

7,910

10,700

12,300

12,700

13,400

14,100

12,300

March 23

_

3.7

_

3.65

_

3.6

_

3.6

_

3.7

_

3.75

_

750

_

720

_

690

_

690

_

750

_

782

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

-

5.54

_

5.28

_

5.07

4.86

4.64

_

4.47

_

2,550

_

2,200

_

1,950

1,720

1,490

_

1,330

March 18

9.42

8.75

8.00

7.40

6.9

6.55

6.3

6.1

5.95

5.85

5.7

5.5

10,600

8,780

6,970

5,680

4,710

4,080

3,660

3,340

3,120

2,960

2,750

2,480

March 24

_

3.7

5.7

_

3,75

4.5

4.8

4.95

_

750

750

_

782

1,360

_

1,650

__

1,820

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

_

4.31

4.16

_

4.03

_

3.92

_

3.81

_

3.70

_

1,190

_

1,070

_

972

_

894

_

820

_

750

March 19

_

5.2

4.95

_

4.7

_

4.55

_

4.4

_

4.25

_

2,100

1,820

_

1,550

_

1,400

_

1,270

_

1,140

March 25

_

4.8

_

4.6

_

4.45

4.42

_

4.40

_

4.35

_

1,650

_

1,450

_

1,520

_

1,290

_

1,270

_

1,230

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 9 p.m., 10.8 ft., 14,800 sec.-ft.
GEOLOGICAL STJBVEY WATEK-STJPPLY PA.PER 800 PLATE 7

A. WRECKAGE REMAINING AFTER THE FLOOD.

B. FLOOD WATERS SURGING THROUGH BALTIMORE STREET.

FLOOD SCENES IN CUMBERLAND, MD., ON THE NORTH BRANCH OF 

THE POTOMAC RIVER.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 8

A. PILES OF RAILROAD TIES DEPOSITED BY THE FLOOD.

B. LUMBER FLOATING AWAY DURING THE FLOOD.

FLOOD SCENES ON THE NORTH BRANCH OF THE POTOMAC RIVER AT 

GREEN SPRING, W. VA.
GEOLOGICAL, SUKVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 9

A. LOOKING DOWNSTREAM AT 10 A. M., MARCH 18, 1936.

The middle span of the highway bridge was carried away. (See B.) Courtesy of the 29th Division 

Aviation, Maryland National Guard.

B. AFTER THE FLOOD HAD RECEDED. 

Same bridge as shown in A. Courtesy of the 29th Division Aviation, Maryland National Guard.

THE POTOMAC RIVER AT HANCOCK, MD.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 10

A. LOW WATER IN JULY 1935.

Top of plate girder is about 50 feet above the water. Courtesy of Kelley's Studio & Camera Shop,

Hagerstown, Md.

B. HIGH WATER MARCH 19, 1936. 

Stage of river is falling. Courtesy of Kelley's Studio & Camera Shop, Hagerstown, Md.

THE POTOMAC RIVER AT WILLIAMSPORT, MD.
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 103 

Georges Greek at Franklin, ltd.

Location.- Lat. 39°29<38tl , long. 79°2'42fl , 150 feet above suspension footbridge at 

Franklin, Allegany County, 1 1/4 miles above mouth at Westernport. Zero of gage is 

958.96 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 72.4 square miles.

Gage-height record,.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-26. Defined by current-meter measurements below 2,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage on "basis of slope-area determination; verified by comparison of peak*discharge and total run-off of flood 

with records of other streams in Potomac River Basin. Stage-discharge relation 

changed during flood.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 7,250 second-feet 6 p.m. ttar. 17 (gage height, 9.61 feet).

 1905-6, 1929-35: Discharge, 2,360 second-feet May 12, 1932, and Mar. 13, 1933 

(gage height, 6.45 feet).

1924-36: Stage of about 10 feet (from flood marks) occurred Mar. 29, 1924. 

Reliable witnesses in the vicinity of the gaging station state that the 1936 flood 

exceeded the 1924 flood.

Remarks.- Flood run-off not affected by storage.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

40

40

40

40

40

35

30

25

24

23

Mar.

528

393

322

371

523

461

378

340

405

532

Apr.

170

170

144

125

127

599

422

313

301

294

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

22

21

20

30

80

110

100

90

80

75

Mar.

1,360

1,060

595

405

350

350

3,700

2,330

954

606

Apr.

285

230

198

178

159

159

132

119

106

96

Day

21

22

23

24

25

2R

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

70

70

70

70

150

650

740

618

528

136

2.03

Mar.

662

495

450

562

568

431

460

350

286

240

195

10.62

Apr.

89

83

79

72

65

62

63

62

58

54

T fi>7

2.58

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

£

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

_

3.50

-

3.46

-

3.42

-

3.41

-

3.49

-

3.53

-

350

-

336

-

322

-

318

346

-

360

March 14

_

3.75

-

3.66

3.59

-

3.59

_

3.60

_

3.58

_

445

-

409

_

382

-

382

_

385

_

378

March 20

_

3.76

3.66

_

3.58

_

3.54

3.53

-

3.51

_

686

.

628

_

584

_

562

-

556

_

546

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

_

3.52

-

3.50

-

3.48

-

3.57

3.85

4.02

4.05

4.04

_

357

-

350

343

374

485

559

572

568

March 15

_

3.55

-

3.50

_

3.44

-

3.42

_

3.52

_

3.55

_

368

-

350

_

329

-

322

_

357

_

368

March 21

3.61

3.76

3.87

3.92

3.88

3.82

_

3.69

_

3.61

_

3.52

600

686

752

783

758

722

_

644

_

600

_

551

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

_

4.00

3.95

3.86

3.84

3.89

3.97

4.03

4.07

4.12

_

550

_

528

-

489

481

501

536

564

582

604

March 16

3.55

3.53

3.50

3.48

3.46

3.44

3.43

3.42

3.45

3.51

3.58

3.72

368

360

350

343

336

329

326

322

332

354

378

433

March 22

_

3.45

_

3.38

_

3.33

_

3.35

_

3.50

_

3.47

_

515

-

480

_

455

_

465

_

540

_

525

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

4.19

4.28

4.40

4.59

5.21

5.96

6.18

6.05

5.95

5.84

5.75

5.57

636

680

740

844

1,250

1,850

2,070

1,940

1,840

1,750

1,660

1,520

March 17

3e 82

3.96

4.40

4.90

6.70

8.20

9.10

9.00

9.61

9.10

9.00

7.90

473

532

740

1,030

2,640

4,720

6,270

6,090

7,260

6,270

6,090

4,250

March 23

_

3.39

_

3.32

_

3.27

_

3.25

_

3.28

_

3.32

_

485

_

450

_

426

_

418

_

431

_

460

Feet See . ft .

March 12

5.42

5.28

5.17

5.07

4.97

4.93

4.89

4.81

4.71

4.64

4.54

4.47

1,400

1,300

1,220

1,150

1,080

1,050

1,020

976

916

874

817

778

March 18

7.30

6.65

6.27

5.%

5.62

5.38

5.21

5.12

5.07

4.94

4.84

4.70

4,120

3,330

2,890

2,540

2,190

1,950

1,790

1,710

1,660

1,550

1,460

1,350

March 24

_

3.31

_

3.28

_

3.29

3.46

3.84

3.95

3.91

3.82

3.76

_

445

_

431

_

436

520

734

802

776

722

686

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

_

4.33

_

4.20

_

4.07

_

4.00

_

3.94

_

3.84

_

705

_

640

_

582

_

550

_

523

_

481

March 19

4.56

4.45

4.34

4.25

4.17

4.10

4.06

4.02

3.98

3.93

3.88

3.85

1,240

1,150

1,070

1,000

949

900

874

848

822

790

758

740

March 25

_

3.64

_

3.57

_

3.53

_

3.50

_

3.46

_

3.42

_

617

_

578

_

556

_

540

_

520

_

500
104 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTGHAC, JAMES, AHD UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Wills Creek near Cumberland, Md.

Location.- Lat. 39°40 ! 9", long, 780 47 ! 2l", et Pennsylvania Railr.oad bridge near Cumberland, Allegany County, Z miles above mouth.

Drainage area.- 247 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Tape gage read twice daily to hundredths Apr. 1-11, 26-30. Records for periods Feb. 25 to Mar = 31, Apr. 12-25 are estimated on basis of comparisons with records of other gaging stations in Potomac River Basin.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 4,170 secondfeet; extended to peak stage using slope-area computation of flood flow; verified 

by comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with records for other 

streams in Potomac River Basin. Affected by ice Feb. 1-26.

Maxima,,- 1936s Discharge. 43,700 second-feet about 11 p.m. Mar, 17 (gage height, 22.2 

feet, from flood marks).

1905-6, 1929-35S Discharge, 9,680 second-feet Mar. 14, 1933 (gage height, 

8.8 feet).

1924-36! Maximum stage and discharge, that of Mar. 17, 1936.

Remarks.- Flood destroyed water-stage recorder shelter with records from Feb. 25 to 

Mar. 17. No record was obtained until April 1.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

5

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

140

140

130

130

120

110

100

90

85

80

Mar.

1,800

1,300

1,100

1,300

2,000

1,800

1,400

1,150

1,250

1,810

Apr.

635

880

560

450

430

4,200

3,250

1,520

1,330

1,330

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

75

70

70

120

250

300

350

330

300

270

Mar.

3,730

4,080

2,270

1,420

1,140

1,150

17,500

12,600

3,700

2,270

Apr.

1,240

1,000

850

700

600

500

450

400

370

340

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

250

240

240

240

400

4,000

4,000

3,000

1,700

598

2.61

Mar.

2,640

1,670

1,370

1,710

1,980

1,600

1,300

1,000

800

700

600

12.11

Apr.

320

300

280

260

240

222

210

210

210

198

3.54

gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 19S6

£

W

2

4

8

10

N

2

4

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

K

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

_

5.1

5.0

-

4.8

4.8

4.9

_

5.0

_

1,280

1,200

1,050

«.

1,050

1,120

1,200

March 14

_

5.4

5.3

_

5.2

-

5.2

-

5,1

5.1

-

1,540

-

1,450

_

1,360

-

1,360

-

1,280

-

1,280

March 20

_

6.2

6.1

-

6.0

_

5.9

«

5.8

_

5.8

_

2,510

_

2,360

_

2,220

_

2,090

«.

1,960

_

1,960

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 9

_

5.0

4.9

_

4.9

»

5.0

5.3

_

5.5

_

1,200

1,120

_

1,120

«

1,200

1,450

_

1,640

March 15

_

5.0

-

4.9

_

4.9

-

4.8

-

4.9

-

4.9

_

1,200

_

1,120

_

1,120

-

1,050

-

1,120

-

1,120

March 21

_

6.2

-

6.6

_

6.6

_

6.3

»

6.0

_

5.9

_

2,510

-

3,250

_

3,250

_

2,680

_

2,220

_

2,090

Feet Sec . ft .

March 10

_

5.6

5.7

_

5.7

«.

5.6

5.7

_

5.8

_

1,740

1,850

1,850

«.

1,740

1,850

_

1,970

March 16

_

4.9

-

4.9

_

4.9

_

4.9

_

5.0

_

5.2

_

1,120

_

1,120

1,120

-

1,120

-

1,200

-

1,360

March 22

_

5.7

_

5.6

_

5.5

_

5.4

_

5.4

_

5.4

_

1,840

-

1,730

_

1,620

_

1,520

_

1,520

_

1,520

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 11

_

5.9

6.1

_

6.7

7.3

7.6

_

7.5

_

2,090

2,360

-

3,450

4,960

5,800

_

5,510

March 17

5.4

5.6

6.0

6.3

8.7

10.1

12.8

15.8

17.9

19.8

21.9

21.2

1,540

1,740

2,220

2,670

8,620

12,300

19,300

27,100

32,500

37,500

42,900

41,100

March 23

_

5.4

-

5.3

_

5.2

_

5.2

«.

5.1

_

5.1

_

1,520

_

1,420

_

1,330

_

1,330

_

1,240

_

1,240

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

_

7.3

7.0

-

6.9

6.8

6.7

_

6.5

_

4,960

4,170

_

3,920

3,680

3,450

-

3,040

March 18

16.9

13.5

11.2

9.6

9.0

8.8

8.5

8.1

7.9

7.6

7.5

7.4

29,900

21,100

15,100

11,000

9,400

8,880

8,100

7,060

6,540

5,760

5,500

5,240

March 24

_

5.2

_

5.2

_

5.2

_

5.8

_

6.1

_

6.3

_

1,330

-

1,330

_

1,330

-

1,960

_

2,360

_

2,680

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

_

6.4

6.1

_

6.0

5.8

5.7

-

5.6

_

2,850

2,360

_

2,220

_

1,970

1,850

-

1,740

March 19

_

7.1

-

6.9

_

6.7

-

6.6

-

6.5

_

6.4

-

4,460

-

3,940

_

3,460

-

3,250

-

3,050

-

2,860

March 25

_

6.1

-

5.9

_

5.8

_

5.6

_

5.5

_

5.4

_

2,360

-

2,090

_

1,960

_

1,730

_

1,620

_

1,520

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 11 p.m., 22.2 ft., 43,700 aec.~ft.
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 105

Evitts Creek near Bedford Valley, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 39°47'23", long. 78°38'48", 2 miles upstream from Thomas W. Koon Dam, 

half a mile upstream from backwater from the dam, and 3 miles south of Bedford 

Valley post office, Bedford Cbunty.

Drainage area.- 30.2 square miles.

gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-27; by backwater from debris in 

channel 2 to 6 p.m. Mar. 11. Defined by current-meter measurements below 393 second-feet; extended to crest discharge by slope-area determination of flow and verified by computation of crest discharge at spillway of Thomas W. Koon Dam.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 5,240 second-feet 9:30 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 7.13 

feet).

1932-35: Discharge, 905 second-feet (revised) Mar. 14, 1933 (gage height, 

3.55 feet).

Flood mark (date unknown) 7 feet above low-water level near gage is about 

a foot higher than 1936 flood marks.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

11

10

10

10

10

9

9

8

8

7

Mar.

218

156

127

156

297

250

178

150

167

227

Apr.

59

58

52

46

48

346

182

121

116

119

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

7

6

6

8

40

35

30

25

23

21

Mar.

529

586

303

182

137

119

1,990

1,080

442

255

Apr.

98

91

74

64

59

53

49

45

41

39

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

"'" 'n-of f , in inches ............................................

Feb.

20

19

18

17

53

540

480

327

210

68.2

2.44

Mar.

309

167

124

153

134

106

134

101

85

76

69

291

11.11

Apr.

37

35

31

29

27

26

25

25

24

22

68.0

2.51

gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N,

2

4

6

8

10

11

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

-

2.32

 

2.28

2.24

_

2.24

_

2.29

_

2.32

-

163

150

_

137

_

137

_

153

_

163

March 14

_

2.43

-

2.38

_

2.35

_

2.34

-

2.33

_

2.31

_

206

-

186

_

174

_

171

-

167

_

160

March 20

_

2.63

2.57

_

2.54

-

2.52

_

 2.46

_

2.45

_

303

_

270

_

255

_

245

_

218

_

214

Feet See. ft.

March 9

_

2.33

2.31

_

2.29

_

2.30

_

2.36

_

2.44

167

_

160

_

153

_

156

_

178

_

210

March 15

_

2.29

_

2.26

_

2.23

_

2.22

-

2.21

_

2.20

_

153

-

143

_

134

130

-

127

_

124

March 21

2.60

2.73

2.83

2.73

2.76

2.69

2.62

2.59

2.52

2.51

2.46

2.44

285

364

430

364

384

339

297

280

245

240

218

210

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

_

2.49

_

2.51

_

2.48

_

2.46

_

2.46

2.49

_

231

_

240

_

227

_

218

_

218

231

March 16

_

2.19

_

2.18

_

2.17

_

2.16

2.17

_

2.25

_

121

-

119

_

116

_

114

116

_

140

March 22

_

2.39

_

2.36

2.33

_

2.32

_

2.28

_

2.25

_

189

_

178

_

167

_

163

_

150

_

140

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

2.50

2.51

2.53

2.55

2.72

3.03

3.45

3.65

3.71

3.44

3.39

3.34

235

240

250

260

358

560

702

828

856

828

794

761

March 17

2.30

2.34

2.40

2.50

3.63

4.55

5.34

5.95

6.10

6.80

7.05

6.19

156

171

193

235

961

1,660

2,430

3,210

3,430

4,600

5,080

3,560

March 23

_

2.24

_

2.22

__ :

2,20

_

2.19

_

2.18

_

2.17

_

137

_

130

_

124

_

121

_

119

_

116

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

3.25

3.16

3.06

3.03

3.01

3.01

3.06

3.12

3.05

3.00

3.00

2.90

702

644

579

560

547

547

579

618

572

540

540

475

March 18

5.32

4.70

3.85

3.64

3.42

3.34

3.20

3.16

3.11

3.14

3.07

3.09

2,410

1,800

1,120

968

814

761

670

644

612

631

586

598

March 24

2.17

2.16

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.17

2.41

2.52

2.43

2.41

2.38

2.37

116

114

111

111

111

116

197

245

206

197

186

182

Feet See. ft.

March 13

_

2.77

_

2.65

_

2.62

_

2.56

_

2.52

2.49

390

_

315

_

297

_

265

_

245

231

March 19

_

3.02

2.84

_

2.86

2.73

_

2.76

_

2.64

_

553

_

436

_

449

364

_

384

309

March 25

_

2.31

_

2.25

_

2.21

_

2.19

_

2.17

_

2.16

_

160

_

140

_

127

_

121

_

116

_

114

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 9 a.m., 2.62 ft., 297 aec.-ft.; 3 p.m., 5.90 ft. 

3,140 sec.-ft.; 9:30 p.m., 7.13 ft., 5,420 sec.-ft.
106 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

South Branch of Potomac River near Petersburg, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°59 1 3411 , long, 79°10 I 2611 , 1.2 miles below mouth of North Pork of 

South Branch of Potomac River and 2-jj -miles west of Petersburg, Grant County. Zero 

of gage is 962.00 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 642 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-14. Defined by current-meter measurements below 4,100 second-feet; extended to peak stage by using slope-area computation of flood flow; verified by comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of 

flood with records for other streams in Potomac River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 63,400 second-feet 4:30 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 20.30 v 

feet).

1928-35: Discharge, 31,400 second-feet (revised) Feb. 4, 1932 (gage height, 

15.2 feet).

1877-1936: Maximum known stage, 21.2 feet (from flood mark) in 1877 (discharge 

about 70,000 second-feet).

Remarks«- Flood run-off not affected by artificial storage.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

370

390

440

410

800

660

620

460

470

450

Mar.

2,280

1,830

1,520

1,310

1,390

1,350

1,230

1,080

1,010

1,080

Apr.

1,400

1,350

1,300

1,100

1,070

4,400

5,120

2,950

2,270

2,740

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

390

360

380

590

3,050

2,80X>

2,180

3,120

2,030

1,520

Mar.

1,590

2,030

1,740

1,390

1,470

1,620

36,400

22,500

7,760

5,310

Apr.

2,600

2,200

1,900

1,560

1,300

1,200

1,060

946

842

746

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Rim-off , in inches ............................................

Feb.

1,190

968

762

783

4,380

7,950

7,960

4,600

2,860

3.05

Mar.

4,930

3,640

4,220

8,280

8,710

5,500

4,220

3,800

2,740

2,080

1,670

4 703

8.45

Apr.

702

646

618

584

554

536

524

494

464

440

2.52

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

is

o

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10.

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

-

3.86

3.83

-

3.80

-

3.77

3.75

_

3.73

-

1,120

«

1,100

_

1,080

_

1,060

1,040

_

1,030

March 14

-

4.30

-

4.25

-

4.19

-

4.14

-

4.11

-

4.14

.

1,470

-

1,430

-

1,380

-

1,340

-

1,320

-

1,340

March 20

6.81

6.70

-

6.43

-

6.21

-

6.03

-

5.89

5.86

5.94

6,330

6,100

-

6,660

6,140

_

4,800

_

4,560

4,500

4,620

Feet Sec . ft .

March 9

_

3.71

..

3.72

-

3.72

-

3.71

.-

3.70

_

3.71

_

1,010

_

1,020

-

1,020

_

1,010

_

1,000

_

1,010

March 15

_

4.26

-

4.32

_

4.34

_

4.32

-

4.30

-

4.32

_

1,430

-

1,490

-

1,610

-

1,490

-

1,470

-

1,490

March 21

6.02

6.15

6.31

6.37

6.32

6.21

-

6.01

_

5.85

5.71

4,790

5,020

5,330

5,440

5,350

5,140

-

4,770

_

4,480

-

4,240

Feet Sec. ft.

March 10

_

3.75

«

3.78

_

3.79

_

3.80

_

3.80

3.80

3.76

_

1,040

_

1,060

_

1,070

_

1,080

.-

1,080

1,080

1,040

Maroh 16

_

4.36

_

4.36

_

4.34

4.33

4.34

4.43

4.63

4.87

5.43

_

1,520

_

1,520

_

1,510

1,600

1,510

1,590

1,770

2,000

2,600

March 22

_

5.61

_

5.36

_ 

5.20

-

6.10

5,12

6.30

5.52

5.68

_

3,900

_

3,660

3,400

-

3,250

3,280

3,560

3,910

4,190

Feet |Sec.ft.

March 11

3.86

3.88

3.95

4.06

4.17

4.33

4.53

4.72

4.87

4.97

5.05

5.09

1,120

1,140

1,190

1,280

1,370

1,500

1,680

1,850

2,000

2,100

2,180

2,220

March 17

6.07

6.70

8.12

10.71

15.91

18.51

19.64

20.12

19.86

19.57

19.20

17.73

3,410

4,340

6,920

13,400

36,000

50,900

58,800

62,300

60,700

59,000

56,800

48,300

March 23

6.79

5.82

5.82

5.76

-

5.60

-

5.48

5.47

5.60

5.89

6.34

4,370

4,430

4,430

4,320

-

4,050

_

3,850

3,830

4,050

4,560

5,390

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

5.10

5.09

_

6.03

_

4.97

_

4.92

_

4.88

_

4.81

2,230

2,220

_

2,160

_

2,090

_

2,050

«

2,010

1,940

March 18

16.87

15.30

13.77

12.51

11.75

11.06

10.60

10.15

9.71

9.24

8.99

8.59

43,600

36,800

28,800

23,600

20,600

18,200

16,600

16,200

13,800

12,400

11,700

10,600

March 24

6.65

6.85

6.91

6.92

6.93

7.21

7.65

8.20

8.70

8.87

9.00

8.89

6,000

6,420

6,540

6,560

6,580

7,190

8,200

9,550

10,900

11,300

11,70X3

11,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

_

4.73

_

4.67

_

4.58

_

4.51

_

4.43

4.37

_

1,860

_

1,800

1,720

_

1,660

1,590

1,530

March 19

8.37

8.11

7.88

7.68

7.47

7.29

7.11

6.97

6.90

6.87

6.89

6.84

9,990

9,380

8,750

8,270

7,780

7,370

6,970

6,670

6,520

6,460

6,600

6,390

March 25

8.75

8.48

8.30

8.10

7.90

7.69

7.52

7.36

7.31

7.33

7.31

7.22

11,000

10,300

9,810

9,300

8,800

8,300

7,900

7,530

7,410

 7,460

7,410

7,210

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 4:30 p.m., 20.30 ft., 63,400 sec.-ft.
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 107

South Branch of Potomac River near Springfield, W. Va«

Location.- Lat. 39°26'49!1 , long. 78°39 T 1611 , at highway bridge 2 miles east of Springfield, Hampshire County, and 13 miles above confluence with North Branch of Potomac 

River. Zero of gage is 562.00 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 1,471 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge reTation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-26. Defined by current-meter measurements below 19,600 second-feet; extended to peak stage using slope-area computation of flood flow; verified by velocity-area study at control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with records at other stations in 

Potomac River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936s Discharge, 143,000 second-feet 5:30 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 34.25 

feet).

1903-6, 1928-35: Discharge, 37,200 second-feet (revised) Feb. 4, 1932 (gage 

height, 20.4 feet),

1877-1936$ Maximum known stage and discharge, that of Mar. 18, 1936.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

900

800

900

900

1,700

1,500

1,200

1,000

1,000

900

Mar.

6,490

4,760

3,660

3,150

3,660

3,350

2,850

2,470

2,240

2,160

Apr.

2,970

2,760

2,860

2,550

2,250

4,870

9,760

6,230

4,390

5,110

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

900

800

800

1,100

2,500

8,000

9,000

8,000

5,000

3,500

Mar.

2,290

5,000

5,840

4,100

3,150

3,050

28,700

110,000

26,000

12,100

Apr.

5,110

4,750

4,050

3,390

2,860

2,600

2,250

2,000

1,800

1,610

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

"'"n-off , in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

2,800

2,300

1,900

1,800

7,000

18,000

17,000

14,600

8,120

4,273

3.13

Mar.

13,000

9,920

8,400

8,850

13,700

9,920

7,010

6,490

5,230

4,160

3,390

8.22

Apr.

1,460

1,280

1,170

1,070

991

919

894

854

806

750

2

OT O

2.13

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

jj

w

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

It

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

_

3.95

_

3.89

3.82

_

3.74

-

3.66

_

3.61

_

2,600

_

2,550

2,490

_

2,420

-

2,340

_

2,300

March 14

_

5.78

_

5.56

_

5.35

_

5.16

_

4.98

_

4.83

_

4,520

_

4,280

_

4,040

-

3,840

_

3,640

_

3,480

March 20

11.88

11.60

11.41

11.30

11.27

11.22

11.13

10.95

10.72

10.47

10.20

9.97

13,500

13 , 000

12,600

12,400

12,400

12,300

12,100

11,800

11,400

11,000

10,600

10,200

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

_

3.58

_

3.55

3.52

_

3.48

-

3.46

_

3.46

-

2,270

-

2,240

2,220

_

2,180

_

2,160

-

2,160

March 15

_

4.67

_

4.53

_

4.43

-

4.39

_

4.43

_

4.45

_

3,320

_

3,180

_

3,080

_

3,040

-

3,080

-

3,100

March 21

9.86

9.98

10.50

11.27

11.96

IS. 48

12.74

12.77

12.57

12.29

11.97

11.58

10,000

10,200

11,000

12,400

13,600

14,600

15,100

15,100

14,800

14,200

13,600

12,900

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

-

3.46

-

3.46

3.45

_

3.45

_

3.44

_

3.45

_

2,160

2,160

2,160

_

2,160

_

2,150

-

2,160

March 16

4.44

4.42

4.39

4.36

4.34

4.32

4.30

4.30

4.34

4.46

4.72

5.17

3,090

3,070

3,040

3,010

2,990

2,970

2,950

2,950

2,990

3,110

3,370

3,850

March 22

11.19

10.85

10.55

10.28

10.02

9.73

9.45

9.18

8.91

8.70

8.57

8.53

18,200

11,600

11,100

10,700

10,300

9,810

9,380

8,970

8,560

8,260

8,080

8,020

Feet |Sec.ft.

March 11

3.46

3.46

3.47

3.48

3.49

3.51

3.55

3.61

3.73

3.89

4.10

4.41

2,160

2,160

2,170

2,180

2,190

2,210

2,240

2,300

2,410

2,550

2,750

3,060

March 17

5.90

7.23

8.84

10.50

12.50

14.60

16.94

19.20

21.60

23.98

26.67

29.95

4,650

6,270

8,460

11,000

14,600

19,100

25,300

32,700

42,300

54,600

72,900

100,000

March 23

8.53

8.55

8.57

8.64

8.80

8.93

9.02

9.06

9.02

8.92

8.78

8,61

8,020

8,050

8,080

8,180

8,400

8,600

8,730

8,790

8,730

8,580

8,370

8,130

Feet |seo.ft.

March 12

4.78

5.16

5.51

5,81

6.02

6.22

6.42

6.63

6.90

7.24

7.57

7.71

3,430

3,840

4,220

4,550

4,780

5,020

5,260

5,520

5,840

6,280

6,710

6,890

March 18

33.10

34.05

34.18

33.85

33.18

32.40

31.32

30.00

28.32

26.70

24.97

23.45

131,000

141,000

143,000

139,000

132,000

124,000

114,000

101,000

86,100

73,100

60,900

51,400

March 24

8.44

8.31

8.24

8.26

8.46

8.84

9.28

9.63

9.87

10.09

10.35

10.70

7, .900

7,710

7,620

7,640

7,920

8,460

9,120

9,650

10,000

10,400

10,800

11,400

Feet Sec . ft .

March 13

7.74

7.62

7.48

7.30

7.10

6.92

6.75

6.58

6.43

6.28

6.15

6.04

6,930

6,780

6,590

6,360

6,100

5,870

5,660

5,460

5,280

5,100

4,940

4,810

March 19

21.96

20.64

19.41

18.26

17.11

16.05

15.09

14.31

13.67

13.12

12.67

12.24

43,900

38,200

33,400

29,400

25,800

22,700

20,300

18,400

16,900

15,800

14,900

14,100

March 25

11.20

11.81

12.37

12.70

12.81

12.76

12.57

12.29

11.97

11.64

11.30

10.98

12,SOO

13,300

14,400

15,000

15,200

15,100

14,800

14,200

13,600

13,000

18,400

11,900

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 5:30.a.m., 34.25 ft., 143,000 sec.-ft.
108 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOM&C, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Cacapon River near Great Cacapon, W. Va.

location.- Lat. 390 34 I 4311 , long. 78°18'34'1 , at Rock Ford, 3 miles southwest of Great 

Cacapon, Morgan County, and 65 miles above mouth. Zero of gage is 456.778 feet 

above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 670 square miles.

Stage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for period 3 a.m. Mar. 16 to 

3j20 p.m. Mar.5"4, when record was based on flood marks, observer's readings, and 

comparison with records at nearby gaging stations.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-26, Defined by current-meter measurements below 18,600 second-feet; extended to peak stage using slope-area computations of flood flow at two sites in vicinity of station; verified by velocity-area 

study at control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of 

flood with records at other stations in Potomac River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936J Discharge. 103,000 second-feet about 8 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 30.07 

feet, from flood marks).

1922-35: Discharge, 33,000 second-feet (revised) May 12, 1924 (gage height, 

19.3 feet).

1889-1936: Maximum known stage and discharge, that of Mar. 18, 1936.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

400

400

400

400

550

500

450

400

400

350

Mar.

4,480

3,380

2,420

2,200

2,520

2,520

1,970

1,530

1,300

1,300

Apr.

1,380

1,340

1,730

1,650

1,410

2,150

3,500

2,720

1,930

2,100

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

350

350

350

400

500

1,000

1,500

1,500

1,300

1,100

Mar.

1,340

4,290

6,500

3,860

2,620

2,110

8,540

67,900

7,900

6,490

Apr.

2,200

2,200

2,020

1,650

1,410

1,270

1,160

1,010

890

808

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in inche a ............................................

Feb.

900

800

700

600

500

2,500

10,200

10,000

5,150

2.44

Mar.

8,440

6,700

4,810

. 3,740

3,930

3,260

2,620

2,620

2,150

1,850

1,610

9.82

Apr.

752

670

613

569

523

492

475

462

445

425

1

'2'ZQ

2.22

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

§

w

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

-

4.13

-

4.07

-

3.98

-

3.91

-

3.84

-

3.77

-

1,670

-

1,630

-

1,550

-

1,500

-

1,440

-

1,390

March 14

6.99

6.86

6,65

6.50

6.35

6.22

6.08

5.96

5.85

5.74

5.66

5.57

4,730

4,560

4,280

4,100

3,920

3,760

3,600

3,450

3,320

3,190

3,110

3,010

March 20

_

9.1

-

8.5

-

8.0

-

7.6

-

7.3

-

7.2

_

7,970

-

6,960

-

6,170

-

5,570

-

5,150

-

5,010

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

-

3.71

_

3.67

-

3,65

_

3.64

-

3.65

_

3.64

-

1,350

-

1,320

-

1,300

_

1,300

-

1,300

_

1,300

March 15

-

5.42

-

5.29

-

5,17

-

5.05

-

4.96

-

4.87

-

2,840

-

2,710

-

2,590

-

2,470

-

2,380

-

2,300

March 21

_

7.3

-

7.6

-

9.7

-

11.4

 -

10.7

-

9.8

_

5,150

-

5,570

_

9,070

-

12,600

11,100

_

9,260

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

_

3.62

_

3.61

_

3.62

_

3.66

_

3.65

_

3.62

_

1,280

~

1,280

-

1,280

_

1,310

-

1,300

_

1,280

March 16

-

4.78

-

4.7

_

4.6

_

4.55

_

4.55

_

4.6

-

2,220

_

2,150

_

2,060

_

2,020

_

2,020

_

2,060j

March 22

_

9.2

_

8.6

_

8.2

_

7.8

_

7.5

_

7.2

_

8,150

.

7,120

_

6,480

_

5,870

_

5,430

_

5,010

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

_

3.57

-

3.57

3.58

3.61

3.67

3.71

3.78

3.89

4.10

4.39

_

1,250

_

1,250

1,260

1,280

1,320

1,350

1,400

1,480

1,650

1,880

March 17

4.7

4.9

5.2

5.5

5.9

6.3

7.0

8.5

10.6

13.2

16,3

19.3

2,150

2,330

2,620

2,930

3,380

3,860

4,740

6,960

10,800

16,900

25,800

38,000

March 23

_

7.1

-

7.0

_

6.9

_

7.1

..

7.1

_

7,0

_

4,870

_

4,740

_

4,610

_

4,870

_

4,870

_

4,740

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

4.81

5.39

6.10

6.53

6.73

6.88

7.02

7.13

7.23

7.40

7.68

7.90

2,250

2,810

3,620

4,140

4,390

4,580

4,770

4,910

5,050

5,290

6,690

6,140

March 18

22.1

25.2

28.8

30.07

29.3

28.9

26.4

24.6

22.5

20.1

17.9

16.6

51,900

69,700

94,100

103,000

97,600

94,800

77,300

66,100

53,900

41,900

31,900

26,900

March 24

_

6.7

_

6.4

_

6.3

_

6.20

_

6.17

_

6.21

_

4,350

-

3,980

_

3,860

_

3,740

..

3,700

_

3,750

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

8.26

8.50

8.66

8.73

8.67

8.52

8.31

8.10

7.86

7.63

7.42

7.18

6,580

6,960

7,220

7,330

7,230

6,990

6,660

6,320

5,960

5,620

5,320

4,980

March 19

_

14.7

13.3

12.4

11.5

_

10.6

_

9.8

_

21,000

_

17,200

14,900

12,800

_

10,800

9,260

March 25

_

6.30

_

6.39

_

6.58

6.59

6.53

..

6.37

_

6.22

_

3,860

_

3,970

_

4,200

4,210

4,140

..

3,940

3,760
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 109 

Licking Creek near Sylvan, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 39°43>20", long. 78°3'35", at highway bridge 200 feet (revised) north 

of fennsylvania-Maryland State line, 3 miles southwest of Sylvan, Franklin County, 

and 10 miles (revised) above mouth. Zero of gage is 434.16 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 158 square miles.

Gage-height "record.- Graph based on two chain-gage readings daily. Gage heights used 

to half tenths between 2.0 and 3.0 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these 

limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ioe Feb. 1-26. Defined to 2,500 second-feet by 

current-meter measurements; extended to crest discharge using contracted-opening determination of flood flow.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 20,700 second-feet 1 a.m. Mar, 18 (gage height, 17.4 feet, 

from flood mark).

1930-35: Discharge, 5,600 second-feet (revised) Dec. 1, 1934 (gage height, 

10.2 feet) .

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

88

86

84

32

80

80

80

80

82

84

Mar.

1,280

875

675

755

1,420

1,280

960

715

721

1,070

Apr.

273

297

297

239

212

2,130

1,490

1,100

795

835

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

87

94

98

115

160

250

210

180

165

155

Mar.

1,740

3,590

2,060

1,130

823

715

5,520

9,570

2,740

1,590

Apr.

715

637

529

432

375

322

262

239

207

178

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

150

145

145

145

155

300

1,120

2,130

1,260

1.86

Mar.

1,770

1,200

814

649

575

460

479

487

395

Apr.

168

150

150

133

117

114

110

105

101

360 94

318

ll.OOj

427

3.01

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

fc 3

o W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet j Sec. ft.

March 8

4.37

4.35

4.33

4.31

4.25

4.20

4.14

4.08

4.07

4.06

4.05

4.04

795

795

755

755

715

715

675

675

675

675

637

637

March 14

5.74

5.60

5.46

5.29

5.21

5.11

5.02

4.94

4.84

4.76

4.72

4.68

1,370

1,320

1,280

1,180

1,140

1,100

1,050

1,000

960

960

915

915

March 20

6.56

6.42

6.28

6.15

6.05

5.91

5.78

5.78

5.80

5.85

5.90

5.96

1,890

1,760

1,760

1,640

1,520

1,470

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,420

1,470

1,520

Feet Sec . ft .

March 9

4.06

4.08

4.11

4.14

4.15

4.16

4.17

4.20

4.26

4.34

4.42

4.60

675

675

675

675

715

715

715

715

755

755

795

875

March 15

4.66

4.64

4.62

4.60

4.60

4.54

4.43

4.37

4.30

4.26

4.22

4.20

915

875

875

875

875

835

795

795

755

755

715

715

March 21

6.06

6.16

6.30

6.40

6.52

6.64

6.68

6.70

6.64

6.56

6.40

6.20

1,580

1,640

1,700

1,760

1,820

1,890

1,960

1,960

1,890

1,890

1,760

1,640

Feet Sec. ft.

March 10

4.80

5.00

5.20

5.22

5.18

5.14

5.10

5.06

5.04

5.04

5.06

5.10

960

1,050

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,050

1,050

1,100

1,100

Mareh 16

4.19

4.18

4.17

4.15

4.11

4.10

4.09

4.08

4.12

4.24

4.36

4.48

715

715

715

715

675

675

675

675

675

715

795

835

March 22

6.00

5.80

5.60

5.44

5.30

5.18

5.10

5.04

5.02

4.98

4.90

4.80

1,520

1,420

1,320

1,230

1,180

1,140

1,100

1,050

1,050

1,050

1,000

960

Feet [ Sec. ft.

March 11

5.15

5.20

5.30

5.45

5.55

5.70

5.96

6.23

6.64

7.40

8.10

8.50

1,140

1,140

1,180

1,230

1,320

1,370

1,520

1,640

1,890

2,490

3,120

3,520

March 17

4.64

4.86

5.12

5.45

6.15

7.10

8.20

9.70

11.20

13.40

15.50

17.35

875

1,000

1,100

1,230

1,640

2,250

3,220

4,930

7,090

11,100

15,800

20,700

March 23

4.73

4.66

4.60

4.54

4.48

4.42

4.36

4.31

4.27

4.24

4.20

4.16

915

915

875

835

835

795

795

755

755

715

715

715

Feet Seo.ft.

March 12

8.72

8.90

8.98

9.00

8.96

8.80

8.65

8.48

8.31

8.14

7.97

7.80

3,740

3,960

4,070

4,070

4,070

3,850

3,630

3,520

3,320

3,120

3,020

2,840

March 18

17.20

15.20

14.00

13.00

12.20

11.50

10.85

10.30

9.80

9.40

9.00

8.60

20,200

15,000

12,300

10,300

8,780

7,570

6,470

5,740

5,060

4,550

4,070

3,630

March 24

4.12

4.08

4.05

4.03

4.02

4.01

4.00

3.99

3.98

3.97

3.96

3.95

675

675

637

637

637

637

637

637

637

637

637

637

Feet Sec. ft.

March 13

7.63

7.46

7.28

7.10

6.92

6.75

6.60

6.45

6.30

6.16

6.02

5.88

2,660

2,570

2,410

2,250

2,100

2,030

1,890

1,760

1,700

1,640

1,520

1,470

March 19

8.25

8.00

7.88

7.80

7.75

7.70

7.65

7.60

7.50

7.25

7.00

6.70

3,220

3,020

2,930

2,84O

2,840

2,750

2,660

2,660

2,570

2,330

2,170

1,960

March 25

3.94

3.92

3.90

3.88

3.86

3.83

3.80

3.78

3.76

3.74

3.72

3.70

600

600

600

600

600

564

564

564

564

529

529

529

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 1 a.m., 17.4 ft., 20,700 sec.-ft.
110 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Conoecolleague Creek at Palrvlew, Md.

Location.- Lat. 39°42«57", long. 770 49'28lt , 0.7 mile upstream from highway bridge at 

Fairview, Washington County, and 65 miles northwest of Hagerstown. Zero of gage Is 

391.77 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area»- 494 square miles.

gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by Ice Feb. 1-26. Defined by current-meter measurements below 10,900 second-feetj extended to peak stage by velocity-area study 

near control section; verified by comparisons of peak discharge and total run-off 

of flood with records at other stations in Potomao River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, about 13,700 second-feet 5 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 13.27

1928-35: Discharge, about 17,500 second-feet Dec. 1, 1934 (gage height, 14.8 

feet).

1889-1936: Maximum known stage, about 16.5 feet In 1889, from statements of 

local residents (discharge, about 22,000 second-feet, from 1936 rating curve).

Mean discharge, In second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

430

410

400

400

400

390

380

370

380

370

Mar.

3,130

2,490

2,030

2,570

3,300

3,380

2,650

2,260

2,330

2,810

Apr.

1,030

1,160

1,200

970

910

4,050

4,240

2,730

2,180

2,330

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

360

360

380

450

600

1,000

1,200

1,200

1,100

900

Mar.

3,820

9,110

8,350

4,150

2,970

2,410

4,100

11,600

8,100

4,990

Apr.

2,100

1,880

1,660

1,400

1,260

1,160

1,030

940

881

796

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

700

600

500

450

500

1,240

2,730

3,560

2,970

853

1.87

Mar.

4,260

3,470

2,570

2,180

2,030

1,620

1,730

1,840

1,480

1,340

1,200

3

ccr»

8.30

Apr.

769

716

665

626

592

574

546

533

515

498

I

'Z'ZI

3.00

Gage height, In feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

£

m

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Seo.ft.

March 8

-

5.46

5.29

-

5.15

5.10

-

5.26

»

5.49

-

2,380

2,250

-

2,140

-

2,100

-

2,220

-

2,400

March 14

-

8.31

-

7.83

-

7.42

-

7.11

-

6.86

6.69

-

4,840

-

4,380

-

4,010

-

3,730

-

3,520

-

3,380

March 20

>

9.01

8.62

8.36

8.12

«

7.81

-

7.50

-

5,660

5,180

« 

4,900

4,650

 -

4,360

_

4,080

Feet Seo.ft.

March 9

-

5.53

-

5.40

-

5.29

-

5.31

-

5.48

_

5.87

_

2,430

-

2,330

-

2,250

-

2,260

-

2,390

_

2,710

March 15

-

6.50

-

6.35

-

6.18

_

6.04

-

5.92

_

5.81

.

3,220

_

3,090

_

2,950

_

2,840

_

2,750

_

2,660

March 21

7.41

7.40

7.42

7.61

v

8.02

8.03

7.90

.

7.59

_

7.49

4,000

3,990

4,010

4,180

_

4,550

4,580

4,440

,»

4,160

_

4,070

Feet Seo.ft.

March 10

.

6.10

_

6.05

_

5.98

-

5.92

-

5.98

_

6.20

_

2,890

_

2,850

_

2,790

_

2,750

_

2,790

_

2,970

March 16

_

5.69

_

5.57

_

5.46

_

5.40

_

5.32

5.30

5.35

_

2,560

_

2,470

_

2,380

_

2,330

_

2,270

2,260

2,290

March 22

_

7.38

_

7.10

v

6.76

_

6.49

..

6.27

6.09

_

3,970

_

3,720

3,440

_

3,210

_

3,030

_

2,880

Feet Seo.ft.

March 11

6.30

6.35

6.36

6.36

6.42

6.58

6.91

7.42

7.94

8.42

8.89

9.31

3,050

3,090

3,100

3,100

3,150

3,280

3,560

4,010

4,480

4,960

5,510

6,060

March 17

5.49

5.76

6.19

6.61

6.91

7.10

7.19

7.31

7.66

8.74

10.15

11.46j

2,400

2,620

2,960

3,310

3,560

3,720

3,800

3,910

4,220

5,330

7,340

9,700

March 23

_

5.94

_

5.82

,»

5.69

_

5.60

,»

5.50

_

5.41

_

2,760

_

2,670

,»

2,560

_

2,490

_

2,410

_

2,340

Feet Seo.ft.

March 12

9.65

10.00

10.25

10.57

11.00

11.40

11.69

11.92

12.19

12.45

12.56

12.47

6,560

7,100

7,500

8,050

8,820

9,580

10,200

10,600

11,200

11,800

12,000

11,800

March 18

12.53

13.16

13.27

13.08

12.76

12.42

12.15

11.93

11.82

11.82

11.89

11.90

11,900

13,400

13,700

13,200

12,500

11,700

11,100

10,700

10,400

10,400

10,600

10,600

March 24 n

_

5.32

_

5.25

5.17

_

5.14

_

5.17

_

5.24

_

2,270

_

2,220

_

2,160

_

2,140

_

2,160

_

2,210

Feet Sec. ft.

March 13

12.24

11.95

11.64

11.34

11.00

10.67

10.36

10.08

9,80

9.50

9.17

8.86

11,300

10,700

10,100

9,470

8,820

8,230

7,690

7,230

6,780

6,330

5,860

5,470

March 19

11.79

11.56

11.22

10.85

10.51

10.26

10.10

10.04

10.00

9.91

9.73

9.49

10,400

9,900

9,240

8,550

7,950

7,520

7,260

7,160

7,100

6,960

6,680

6,320

March 25

_

5.19

_

5.06

_

4.93

_

4.84

_

4.75

_

4.66

_

2,170

_

2.,080

 ,

1,980

_

1,910

 ,

1,840

_

1,780

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 5 a.m., 13.27 ft., 13,700 sec.-ft.
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 111

Antietam Creek near Sharpsburg, Md.

Location.- Lat. 39°27 I ln , long. 77 0 43 t S2n , 400 feet downstream from Burnside Bridge, 

1 mile southeast of Sharpsburg, Washington County, and 4 miles above mouth. Zero of 

gage is 311.00 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 281 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge reTation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 5,250 secondfeet.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 3,930 second-feet 2 p.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 8,9 feetj.

 1897-1905, 1928-35: Maximum discharge, 5,690 second-feet (revised) Aug. 24, 

1933 (gage height, 10.4 feet).

1928-36! Maximum known stage, 11.9 feet in July 1928 (from flood marks).

Remarks.- Discharge includes water pumped by the City sf Hagerstown, Md., from Potomac 

River into Antietam Creek upstream from the station. The pumpage was less than one 

percent of the total flow during the months of February, March, and April.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

264

264

256

256

253

238

238

222

238

232

Mar.

1,150

970

855

880

1,030

990

905

805

780

805

Apr.

730

730

780

672

639

1,190

1,150

950

880

970

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

212

222

228

275

313

322

300

313

283

275

Mar.

1,110

2,960

2,140

1,490

1,230

1,070

1,450

3,230

2,270

1,690

Apr.

905

855

805

755

730

705

661

634

606

590

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-of f , in inches ............................................

Feb.

264

253

235

235

272

628

1,150

1,190

1,070

 Z CO

1.38

Mar.

1,840

1,490

1,230

1,150

1,070

970

990

1,010

855

805

755

1 290

5.29

Apr.

568

540

517

499

482

466

454

449

438

422

RQO

2.74

0-age height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

w

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

B

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet See.ft.

March 8

_

4.06

4.05

-

4.01

3.98

-

3.96

-

3.95

_

835

830

-

810

_

795

785

780

March 14

_

5.88

-

5.70

-

5.53

5.40

5.30

_

5.22

_

1,630

-

1,540

-

1,460

-

1,390

-

1,350

1,320

March 20

-

6.29

6.17

5.98

5.82

5.70

5.67

5.70

-

1,840

-

1,780

-

1,680

1,600

-

1,540

1,520

1,540

Feet See.ft.

March 9

_

3.95

3.96

-

3.98

-

3.97

-

3.95

-

3.93

_

780

-

785

-

795

-

790

-

780

-

770

March 15

_

5.17

-

5.15

5.07

4.97

-

4.88

_

4.82

_

1,300

-

1,290

-

1,260

-

1,220

-

1,180

_

1,160

March 21

5.87

6.02

6.07

6.05

6.19

6.40

6.56

6.68

6.71

6.65

6.49

6.27

1,620

1,700

1,720

1,720

1,780

1,900

2,000

2,070

2,090

2,050

1,950

1,820

Feet See.ft.

March 10

_

3.92

-

4.01

-

4.05

-

4.04

-

4.01

-

4.00

_

765

-

810

-

830

-

825

_

810

-

805

Maroh 16

_

4.74

-

4.69

4.64

4.60

-

4.56

_

4.54

_

1,130

-

1,110

_

1,090

-

1,070

-

1,060

1,050

March 22

_

5.90

5.67

-

5.50

5.37

-

5.27

_

5.19

-

1,640

-

1,520

_

1,440

-

1,380

_

1,340

_

1,310

Feet See.ft.

March 11

4.00

4.04

4.10

4.17

4.25

4.30

4.38

4.57

5.37

6.15

6.29

6.67

805

825

855

890

928

950

982

1,060

1,380

1,760

1,840

2,060

March 17

4. 59

4.63

4,69

4.69

4.74

4.88

5.01

5.12

5.43

6.45

7.72

7.9ff

1,070

1,080

1,110

1,110

1,130

1,180

1,230

1,280

1,400

1,930

2,820

3,010

March 23

.

5.11

_

5.05

_

5.00

<*

4.96

_

4.91

_

4.86

-

1,270

-

1,250

_

1,230

-

1,210

-

1,190

_

1,170

Feet See.ft.

March 12

7.00

7.37

7.71

8.00

8.21

8.42

8.45

8.29

8.11

7.92

7.76

7.62

2,270

2,540

2,810

3,050

3,240

3,440

3,470

3,310

3,150

2,980

2,850

2,740

March 18

7.58

7.74

7.98

8.24

8.56

8.80

8.88

8.80

8.55

8.18

7.89

7.65

2.700

2,830

3,030

3,270

3,580

3,820

3,910

3,820

3,570

3,210

2,950

2,760

March 24

_

4.80

~

4.76

_

4.73

4.75

-

4.75

_

4.71

-

1,150

-

1,130

_

1,120

_

1,130

_

1,130

_

1,110

Feet See.ft.

March 13

_

7.45

-

7.20

_

6.84

_

6.50

_

6.26

_

6.06

_

2,600

2,410

_

2,160

_

1,960

_

1,820

_

1,720

March 19

_

7.46

_

7.31

-

7.03

6.69

-

6.45

6.33

_

2,610

_

2,490

-

2,290

_

2,070

-

1,930

1,860

March 25

-

4.68

_

4.64

_

4.58

4.53

_

4.49

_

4.45

-

1,100

-

1,090

_

1,060

-

1,040

_

1,030

_

1,010

Supplemental records.- Mar. 12, 1 p.m., 8.50 ft., 3,520 see.-ft. Mar. 17, 11 p.m., 

8.03 ft., 3,080 sec.-ft. Mar. 18, 3 a.m., 7.59 ft., 2,710 see.-ft.
112 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOBAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Horth River near Burketoum, Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°19«, long. 78°55', 2 miles northeast of Burketown, Augusta County, 

and 7 miles above confluence with Middle River.

Drainage area.- 381 square miles.

gage-height record.- Gage read twice daily. A graph was constructed for the period 

Mar. 8-25, based on gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with stage graphs of 

nearby stations.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-3. Defined by current-meter measurements below 5,500 second-feetj extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near 

control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with 

records on other streams in Shenandoah River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936s Discharge, about 32,300 second-feet 11 p.in. Mar. 17 (gage height, 26.70 

feet, from flood marks).

1926-35: Maximum discharge observed, 19,100 second-feet Dec. 1, 1934 (gage 

height, 19.45 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

280

270

260

364

418

310

275

275

281

281

Mar.

1,140

980

820

700

660

621

582

534

508

474

Apr.

740

740

621

545

545

1,300

1,970

1,390

1,140

1,390

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

269

231

252

980

2,400

2,140

1,550

1,890

1,470

1,220

Mar.

533

995

1,070

915

820

788

8,000

13,600

4,890

3,080

ftpr.

1,390

1,140

1,020

860

780

700

621

545

508

473

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

860

660

545

1,020

2,490

2,570

2,830

2,060

1,390

2.91

Mar.

3,600

2,240

1,920

1,880

1,930

1,550

1,300

1,140

980

860

780

5.84

Apr.

424

404

384

364

334

322

322

298

287

275

2.13

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

fc§w

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

E

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

2.27

2.27

2.26

2.25

2.24

2.24

2.23

2.83

2.22

2.22

2.21

2.20

545

545

545

545

545

545

545

545

508

508

508

508

March 14

2.84

£.81

2.80

2.76

2.74

2.70

2. 68

2.66

2.65

2.63

2.62

2.62

1,020

980

980

940

940

900

900

860

860

860

820

820

March 20

5.80

5.67

5.55

5.40

5.30

5.20

5.10

5.02

4.95

4.93

4.95

5.25

3,520

3,430

3,350

3,170

3,090

3,000

2,920

2,830

2,830

2,740

2,830

3,000

Feet Sec. ft.

March 9

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.19

2.19

2.18

2.18

508

508

508

508

508

508

508

508

508

508

508

508

March 15

2.62

2.62

2.62

2.62

2.62

2.62

2.61

2.61

2.61

2.60

2.60

2.59

820

Feet Sec . ft .

March 10

2.17

2.16

2.15

2.14

2.14

2.14

2.14

2.14

2.15

2.16

2.16

2.17

473

473

473

473

473

473

473

473

473

473

473

473

March 16

2.58

820) 2.58

820

820

820

820

820

820

820

820

820

820

March 21

6.00

6.65

6.94

6.93

6.63

6.27

5.90

5.55

5.22

4.98

4.80

4.70

3,690

4,210

4,460

4,460

4,210

3,950

3,600

3,350

3,000

2,830

2,660

3,570

2.57

2.57

2.56

2.56

2.56

2.56

2.56

2.55

2.54

2.54

820

820

780

780

780

780

780

780

780

780

780

780

March 22

4.63

4.60

4.53

4.48

4.38

4.28

4.20

4.14

4.10

4.06

4.02

4.00

2,490

2,490

2,400

2,400

2,310

2,230

2,140

2,060

2,060

2,060

1,970

1,970

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

2.18

2.18

2.19

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.22

2.24

2.26

2.29

2.33

2.37

508

508

508

508

508

508

508

545

545

582

621

621

March 17

2.53

2.53

2.64

3.03

3.60

4.95

6.95

9.80

13.70

19.10

26.20

25.50

780

780

860

1,140

1,630

2,830

4,550

7,000

11,000

18,700

31,300

30,000

March 23

3.99

3.97

3.96

3.96

3.94

3.94

3.93

3.92

3.91

3.90

3.88

3.88

1,970

1,970

1,970

1,970

1,890

1,890

1,890

1,890

1,890

1,890

1,890

1,890

Feet Seo^-ft.

March 12

2.41

2.46

2.52

2.60

2.80

3.00

3.20

3.25

3.22

3.05

2.90

2.79

660

700

740

820

980

1,140

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,140

1,060

980

March 18

22.45

19.90

18.00

16.60

15.40

14.30

13.35

12.45

11.65

10.95

10.30

9.75

24,200

19,900

17,000

14,800

13,200

11,700

10,600

9,470

8,650

8,070

7,440

7,000

March 24

3.86

3.84

3.82

3.81

3.81

3.85

3.93

4.00

4.01

4.01

4.01

4.02

1,890

1,800

1,800

1,800

1,800

1,800

1,890

1,970

1,970

1,970

1,970

1,970

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

2.73

2.75

2.83

2.95

3.03

3.03

3.03

3.01

2.99

2.94

2.91

2.87

940

940

1,020

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,060

1,060

1,020

March 19

9.20

8.70

8.28

7.83

7.50

7.20

6.90

6.65

6.40

6.20

6.05

5.90

6,470

6,030

5,680

5,240

4,980

4,720

4,460

4,210

4,030

3,860

3,690

3,600

March 25

4.02

4.01

4.01

4. OP

3.99

3.9%

3.95

3.93

3.91

3.88

3.84

3.80

1,970

1,970

1,970

1,970

1,970

1,970

1,970

1,890

1,890

1,890

1,800

1,800

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 11 p.m., 26.70 ft., 32,300 sec.-ft.
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 113

South. Pork of Shenandoah River near Lynnwood, Va.

location.- 1st. 38°19', long. 78°46', lj miles northeast of Lynnwood, Rookingham 

County, and 3 milea below confluence of North and South Rivers. Zero of gage ia 

1,013.13 feet above mean aea level, general adjustment of 1929.

Drainage area.- 1,076 square miles.

Sage-height record,- Water-stage recorder graph. No record Feb. 1, 2.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 12, Defined by current-^neter measurements below 15,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near 

control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with 

other records on the same or neighboring streams.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, about 77,000 second-feet 3830 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 

26.57 feet).

1930-36: Discharge, about 46,600 seoond-feet (revised) Dec. 1, 1934 (gage 

height, 21.62 feet).

Remarks«- Discharge, Feb. 1, 2, determined on basis of records for river at Front 

Royal and tributary streams, South River at Harriston, Middle River near Grottoes, 

and North River near Burketown.

Mean discharge, in seoond-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

900

920

930

1,290

2,630

1,540

1,060

916

1,010

976

Mar.

2,600

2,220

1,970

1,810

1,690

1,600

1,500

1,400

1,340

1,270

Apr.

2,020

2,000

2,440

1,900

1,670

2,940

4,480

3,330

2,860

3,990

Day

11

12

13

14

16

16

IV

18

19

20

Feb.

884

860

925

3,140

8,160

7,320

4,680

7,350

4,750

3,140

Mar.

2,070

4,470

4,320

3,080

2,640

2,240

17,700

52,400

15,300

8,360

Apr.

3,480

3,080

2,760

2,550

2,070

1,940

1,710

1,550

1,420

1,340

Day

21

22

23

24

26

26

27

28

29

30

31

^un-of f , in inches ............................................

Feb.

2,430

2.000

1,720

2,360

5,180

5,660

5,320

4,160

3,110

2.93

Mar.

10,600

6,990

5,200

4,480

4,310

3,630

3,400

3,280

2,810

2,490

2,260

5,784

6.20

Apr.

1,240

1,170

1,100

1,J060

1,000

948

938

888

850

829

1,978

2.06

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in seoond-feet, at indicated time, 1936

aow

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet | Sec. ft.

March 8

3.97

3.94

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.89

3.87

3.86

3.86

3.96

1,460

1,450

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,370

1,370

1,370

1,370

March 14

6.16

6.08

6.99

5,90

5.84

5.77

5.70

5.66

5.61

5.56

5.50

5.45

3,480

3,380

3,280

3,180

3,080

3,080

2,980

2,980

2,880

2,880

2,790

2,700

March 20

10.60

10.42

10.83

10.08

9.94

9.82

9.70

9.61

 9.54

9.41

9.38

9.54

9,560

9,200

8,860

8,690

8,350

8,180

8,020

7,860

7,700

7,540

7,540

7,700

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.86

3.84

3.84

3.84

3.82

3.81

3.82

3.86

3.81

3.81

3.81

3.80

1,370

1,370

1,370

1,370

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,370

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,330

March 15

5.40

6.36

5.30

5.27

6.24

5.21

5.19

5.16

5.13

5.10

5.09

5.05

2,700

2,700

2,610

2,610

2,520

2,520

2,520

2,520

2,430

2,430

2,430

2,340

March 21

10.08

10.85

11.46

11.74

11.88

11.85

11.69

11.48

11.25

10.96

10.64

10.36

8,690

9,920

11,200

11,600

12,100

11,800

11,600

11,200

10,700

10,300

9,560

9,200

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.79

3.76

3.75

3.74

3.73

3.72

3.72

3.76

3.73

3.75

3.75

3.76

1,330

1,290

1,290

1,290

1,290

1,250

1,250

1,290

1,290

1,290

1,290

1,290

Maroh 16

5.03J 2,340

5.00

4.99

4.93

4.91

4.89

4.88

4.87

4.84

4.82

4.81

4.80

2,340

2,340

2,250

2,250

2,250

2,250

2,200

2,200

2,160

2,160

2,160

March 22

10.06

9.76

9.49

9.24

9.04

8.88

8.69

8.56

8.41

8.27

8.14

8.02

8,690

8,180

7,700

7,230

6,930

6,780

6,480

6,340

6,060

5,920

5,650

5,520

Feet Sec.ft.

Maroh 11

3.78

3.82

3.89

4.02

4.26

4.61

4.76

5.11

6.41

5.78

6.06

6.19

1,330

1,330

1,410

1,490

1,690

1,890

2,120

2,430

2,700

3,080

3,380

3,480

March 17

4.79

4.77

4.81

5.22

6.52

9.07

11.32

14.82

18.82

21.32

23.07

24.97

2,160

2,120

2,160

2,620

3,780

7,080

10,900

18,900

32,000

44,000

54,400

66,300

March 23

7.96

7.87

7.79

7.74

7.71

7.67

7.64

7.69

7.54

7.47

7.40

7.34

6,620

5,390

5,260

5,130

5,130

5,130

5,010

5,010

4,890

4,890

4,770

4,650

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

6.22

6.26

6.29

6.31

6.45

6.75

7.18

7.69

7.95

8.22

8.30

8.15

3,480

3,680

3,680

3,580

3,680

4,090

4,530

5,010

5,620

6,780

6,920

6,780

Maroh 18

26.27

26.65

26.17

25.42

24.37

23.12

21.77

20.47

19.23

18.07

17.08

16.40

74, 900

77,000

74,200

68,900

62,400

54,400

46,700

39,800

33,700

29,200

25,600

23,400

Maroh 24

7.28

7.23

7.18

7.14

7.10

7.10

7.10

7.10

7.10

7.10

7.10

7.10

4,650

4,530

4,530

4,420

4,420

4,420

4,420

4,420

4,420

4,420

4,420

4,420

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

7.86

7.66

7.30

7.14

7.00

6.89

6.78

6.66

6.56

6.45

6.35

6.25

6,260

5,010

4,650

4,420

4,310

4,200

4,090

3,980

3,880

3,680

3,680

3,480

March 19

16.77

15.17

14.57

14.05

13.55

13.05

12.67

12.24

11.80

11.44

11.13

10.85

21,600

20,000

18,400

16,800

15,800

14,400

13,800

12,700

11,800

11,000

10,500

9,920

March 25

7.10

7.08

7.05

7.02

6.98

6.95

6.92

6.89

6.84

6.79

6.74

6.69

4,420

4,420

4,310

4,310

4,310

4,310

4,200

4,200

4,090

4,090

3,980

3,980

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 3t50 a.m., 26.67 ft., 77,000 "ec.-ft.
114 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

South Pork of Shenandoah River at Front Royal, Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°54'50", long. 78° 12 40", at highway bridge 1 mile west of Front 

Royal, Warren County, and 3§ miles above confluence with North Fork of Shenandoah 

River. Zero of gage is 469.38 feet above mean aea level, general adjustment of 

1989.

Drainage area.- 1,638 square miles.

gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-25. Defined by current-meter measurements below 25,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study 

near control section, slope-area determination, and comparison of peak discharge 

and total run-off of flood with other records on the same or neighboring streams. 

Discharge may have been affected by backwater from Horth Fork of Shenandoah River 

from about 8 p.m. Mar. 17 to about 2 p.m. Mar. 18. Discharge at 8 a.m. Mar. 18 

may have been about 75,000 second-feet instead of 99,900 second-feet. Volume of 

run-off during the flood rise would be reduced by a small percentage.

Maxima.- 1936! Discharge, about 113,000 second-feet 6:30 p.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 

26.01 feet).

1899-1906, 1930-35: Maximum discharge observed, about 76,800 second-feet 

Mar. 1, 1902 (gage height, 23.5 feet, former datum).

Remarks.- Intake clogged Mar. 28 to Apr. 30; discharge computed on basis of records 

at Lynnwood and Millville.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,400

2,000

3,900

2,000

1,600

1,400

1,500

liar.

4,990

4,140

3,570

3,320

3,080

2,870

2,660

2,450

2,330

2,200

Apr.

3,400

3,200

3,200

3,400

3,000

2,700

3,600

5,300

4,600

4,100

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,500

1,400

1,300

1,400

4,800

12,400

11,200

7,100

8,900

6,800

Mar.

2,910

6,510

9,390

6,870

5,180

4,490

13,500

96,400

49,100

16,200

Apr.

5,100

4,800

4,200

3,900

3,400

3,000

2,800

2,600

2,400

2,200

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26.

27

2R

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

4,500

3,500

2,900

2,500

2,700

10,600

10,600

8,990

6,280

4,392

2.89

Mar.

13,200

13,500

8,580

7,030

6,300

5,720

5,120

4,700

4,600

4,500

3,800

10,300

7.25

Apr.

2,100

2,000

1,900

1,700

1,700

1,600

1,500

1,500

1,500

1,400

2,927

2.00

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at Indicated time, 1956

&s

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March S

3.01

2,98

2,97

2.96

2.96

2.96

2.96

2.96

2.95

2.94

2.9S

2.93

2,500

2,500

2,430

2,430

2,430

2,430

2,430

2,430

2,430

2,430

2,430

2,430

March 14

6.53

6.34

6.16

6.02

5.88

5.80

5.71

5.62

5,53

5.42

5.33

5.26

8,100

7,700

7,500

7,120

6,930

6,750

6,570

6,390

6,220

6,050

5,880

5,880

March 20

11.37

10,90

10.47

10.08

9.70

9.43

9,17

8.88

8.63

8.43

8.28

8.22

31,800

20,100

18,800

17,500

16,300

15,400

14,800

14,000

13,100

12,600

12,300

12,100

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 9

2.92

2.90

2.89

2.88

2.87

2.87

2.87

2.86

2.85

2.84

2.84

2.84

2,360

2,360

2,360

2,360

2,290

2,290

2,290

2,290

2,290

2,290

2,290

2,290

March 15

5.18

5.10

5.03

4.96

4.91

4.85

4.79

4.74

4.70

4.66

4.62

4.58

5,720

5,560

5,400

5,400

5, 25CT'

5,100

5,100

4,950

4,950

4,950

4,800

4,800

March 21

8.31

8.32

8.31

8.26

8.36

8.48

8.63

8.79

8.96

9.14

9.34

9.52

12,300

12,300

12,300

12,300

12,600

12,900

13,100

13,700

14, 200

14,500

15,100

15,700

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

2.82

2.81

2.79

2,78

2.77

2.77

2.77

2.75

2.73

2.73

2.73

2.72

2,220

2,220

2,220

2,220

2,150

2,150

2,150

2,150

2,150

2,150

2,150

2,080

March 16

4.54

4.50

4.47

4.44

4.41

4.38

4.36

4.33

4.31

4.29

4.28

4.27

4,650

4,650

4,650

4,500

4,500

4,500

4,500

4,350

4,350

4,350

4,350

4,350

March 22

9.53

9.48

9.44

9.23

9.07

8.87

8.60

8.36

8.13

7.92

7.72

7.52

15,700

15,700

15,400

14,800

14,500

14,000

13,100

12,600

11,800

11,300

10,800

10,300

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 11

2.73

2.72

2.75

2.78

2.88

3.16

3.40

3.54

3.68

3.90

4.31

4.67

2,150

2,080

2,150

2,220

2,360

2,710

3,060

3,270

3,480

3,760

4,350

4,950

March 17

4.28

4.31

4.34

4.38

4,43

4.65

6.70

10.00

11.20

12.65

15.00

17.65

4,350

4,350

4,350

4,500

4,500

4,800

8,520

17, 200

21,200

26, 300

36,700

50,500

March 23

7.32

7.18

7.03

6.92

6.86

6.77

6.67

6.54

6.44

6.33

6.23

6.17

9,850

9,620

9,170

8,950

8,950

8,730

8,520

8,100

7,900

7,700

7,500

7,500

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

4.78

4.82

4.88

5.00

5.18

5.48

5.82

6.05

6.27

6.52

6.75

6.93

5,100

5,100

5,250

5,400

5,720

6,220

6,750

7,120

7,700

8,100

8,730

8,950

March 18

19,74

21.30

23.05

24.70

25.55

25.52

25,38

25.70

26.00'

25. 6$

25.20

24.15

63,600

74,100

86,200

99,900

108,000

108,000

106,000

110,000

113,000

110,000

104,000

95,600

March 24

6.11

6.06

6.02

5.97

5.95

5.94

5.92

5.90

5.86

5.79

5.73

5.67

7,310

7,310

7,120

7,120

7,120

6,930

6,930

6,930

6,930

6,750

6,570

6,570

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

7.01

7.04

7.05

7.07

7.12

7.18

7.23

7.26

7.24

7.16

6.98

6.77

9,170

9,170

9,170

9,390

9,390

9,620

9,620

9,850

9,620

9,620

9,170

8,730

March 19

22.87

21.45

20.00

18.70

17.43

16.35

15.35

14.38

13.60

12.95

12.40

11.85

85, 500

74,800

65,500

57,100

49,400

43,800

38,600

33,900

30,400

27,900

25,500

23,300

March 25

5.65

5.62

5.59

5.57

5.53

5.52

5.51

5.50

5.48

5.46

5.43

5.40

6,390

6,390

6,390

6,390

6,220

6,220

6,220

6,220

6,220

6,220

6,050

6,050

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 6:30 p.m., 26.01 ft., 113,000 sec. -ft.
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 115

Shenandoah River at Mi 11 vilie, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39°16 I 5511 , long. 77°47 I 4211 , 0.4 mile below Cattail Run, 1 mile above

 Millville, Jefferson County, and 5 miles above mouth at Harpers Perry. Zero of gage 

is 293.00 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 3,040 square miles.

Page-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph, except for period 9 p.m. Mar. 22 to 

Apr. 30, when graph was based on two readings daily.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 29,100 secondfeet) extended to peak stage using slope-area computation of flood flow; verified by 

velocity-area study at control section and comparisons of peak discharge and total 

run-off of flood with records at other stations in Shenandoah and Potomac River 

Basins. Affected by ice Feb. 1-15,

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 150,000 second-feet 8:30 p.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 26.36

*1895-1909, 1928-35: Discharge, about 105,000 second-feet (revised) Oct. 1, 

1896.

1870-1936: Maximum discharge, that of Mar. 18, 1936, which was slightly 

higher than the 1870 flood.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

2,500

2,400

2,500

2,400

2,500

3,000

3,500

2,500

2,300

2,400

Mar.

13,000

10,200

7,990

7,000

6,760

6,300

5,630

5,000

4,500

4,220

Apr.

6,070

5,850

5,850

5,850

5,420

5,000

6,070

8,030

7,770

7,010

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

2,300

2,300

2,200

2,200

3,000

9,890

18,200

12,300

13,000

12,000

Mar.

4,900

10,800

18,800

15,800

10,800

8,510

12,900

104,000

109,000

36,900

Apr.

8,030

8,030

7,260

6,770

6,070

5,420

4,900

4,600

4,220

3,950

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

7,990

6,070

5,100

4,320

3,950

10,500

24,800

26,700

18,400

7

O Q*Z

2.59

Mar.

23,800

25,700

16,700

12,100

10,900

9,970

9,110

 8,830

8,560

8,290

6,770

17,540

6,65

Apr.

3,770

3,600

3,420

3,180

3,020

2,940

2,800

2,800

2,720

2,720

1.87

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

|

&

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

-

4.86

_

4.81

-

4.78

4.73

4.70

_

4.65

-

5,130

-

5,020

_

4,960

_

4,860

4,800

_

4,700

March 14

_

9.27

-

8.91

-

8.56

-

8.19

-

7.90

-

7.65

_

18,300

-

16,900

-

15,600

-

14,300

-

13,300

-

12,500

March 20

15.84

15.10

14.41

13.80

13.28

12.83

12.41

12.03

11.66

11.34

11.10

10.89

53,300

48,400

43,900

40,200

37,100

34,600

32,300

30,300

28,400

26,900

25,700

24,700

Feet Sec. ft.

March 9

_

4.63

_

4.60

_

4.57

_

4.54

4.51

_

4.48

_

4,660

_

4,600

-

4,540

_

4,490

4,430

_

4,370

March 15

_

7.40

-

7.20

_

7.03

-

6.87

_

6.72

-

6.61

_

11,700

-

11,100

_

10,600

-

10,100

-

9,670

-

9,360

March 21

_

10.60

_

10.53

_

10.77

_

10.84

-

10.85

-

10.94

_

23,400

_

23,100

_

24,200

_

24,500

_

24,500

-

25,000

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

_

4.45

_

4.42

_

4.39

_

4.36

4.36

_

4.33

_

4,320

_

4,260

_

4,200

 r

4,150

4,150

_

4,090

March 16

_

6.49

_

6.37

_

6.26

-

6.17

_

6.09

_

6.07

_

9,020

_

8,700

_

8,410

_

8,170

_

7,960

_

7,920

March 22

_

11.17

_

11.38

_

11.39

_

11.16

_

10.69

_

10.15

_

26,000

_

27,100

_

27,100

_

26,000

_

23 r800

_

21,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

_

4.34

_

4.38

_

4.68

_

4.94

5.22

_

5.82

_

4,110

_

4,180

_

4,760

_

5,290

5,890

_

7,290

March 17

6.05

5.94

6.05

6.07

6.14

6.24

6.39

6.57

7.03

9.05

12.64

14.55

7,860

7,590

7,860

7,920

8,090

8,350

8,750

9,250

10,600

17,400

34,100

45,300

March 23

_

9.67

_

9.27

_

8.92

_

8.62

_

8.37

_

8.14

_

19,400

_

17,800

_

16,400

_

15,300

_

14,400

_

13,600

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

_

6.47

_

6.82

_

7.26

_

7.34

7.63

_

8.44

_

8,970

_

9,950

_

11,200

_

11,500

12,400

_

15,200

March 18

15,66

16.51

17.41

18.49

19.94

21.88

23.96

25.40

26.16

26.33

26.30

26.16

52,500

58,400

64,900

73,100

85,100

103,000

124,000

139,000

148,000

150,000

149,000

148,000

March 24

_

7.95

_

7.82

_

7.72

_

7.61

_

7.53

_

7.46

_

13,000

_

12,500

_

12,200

_

11,800

_

11,600

_

11,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

_

9.16

_

9.49

_

9.52

_

9.48

9.48

_

9.46

_

17,900

_

19,200

_

19,300

_

19,100

19,100

_

19,000

March 19

26.00

25.73

25.24

24.60

23.76

22.78

21.77

20.66

19.56

18.51

17.51

16.67

146,000

143,000

138,000

131,000

122,000

112,000

102,000

91,500

81,700

73,300

65,70Q

59,400

March 25

_

V.41

_

7.36

_

7.32

_

7.28

_

7,24

_

7.20

_

11,200

_

11,000

_

10,900

_

10,800

_

10,700

_

10,600

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 8130 p.m., 26.36 ft., 150,000 sec.-ft.
116 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOKAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Middle River near Grottoes, Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°16', long. 78°52', at highway bridge at Mount Meridian, Augusta 

County, is miles above confluence with Horth River and 3 miles west of Grottoes, 

Rockingham County.

Drainage area.- 360 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Gage read twice daily. A graph was constructed for the period 

Mar. 8-25, based on gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with stage graphs of 

nearby stations.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1, 2. Defined by current-meter measurements below 8,000 second-feet and extended to peak stage by velocity-area study 

near control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood 

with records on othe'r streams in Shenandoah River Basin,

Maxima.- 1936 t Discharge, about 33,000 second-feet 2 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 28.57 

feet, from flood marks).

1925-35S Maximum discharge observed, about 17,000 second-feet (revised) Dec. 

1, 1934 (gage height, 20.60 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

520

310

315

544

1,010

476

315

278

354

328

Mar.

654

544

544

476

476

444

412

367

353

323

Apr.

692

730

1,230

692

654

1,280

1,590

1,050

1,010

1,370

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

278

254

290

1,100

3,430

2,200

1,370

3,290

1,360

830

Mar.

607

1,150

959

772

694

633

6,540

18,600

4,620

2,220

Apr.

1,280

1,100

930

810

730

692

580

544

510

476

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

654

544

476

890

1,820

1,460

1,370

1,140

770

961

2.88

Mar.

3,140

1,930

1,480

1,260

1,190

1,010

1,100

1,010

930

850

770

1,808

5.79

Apr.

444

412

412

382

382

354

354

328

315

315

722

2.24

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

&

s

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

- 8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

4.14

4.13

4.12

4.10

4.06

4.03

4.01

4.00

4.00

4.00

4.00

4.02

382

382

382

382

382

354

354

354

354

354

354

354

March 14

5.21

5.24

5.26

5.96

5.24

5.22

5.21

5.20

5.18

5.15

5.11

5.07

770

770

810

810

770

770

770

770

770

770

730

730

March 20

8.86

8.73

8.62

8.50

8.40

8.32

8.25

8.22

8.19

8.19

G.27

8.66

2,450

2,350

2,300

2,250

2,200

2,150

2,100

2,100

2,100

2,100

2,150

2,350

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

4.04

4.05

4.06

4.06

4.03

4.01

4.00

3.98

3.95

3.94

3.93

3.92

354

354

382

382

354

354

354

354

354

328

328

328

March 15

5.03

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

4.98

4.96

4.95

692

692

692

692

692

692

692

692

692

692

692

692

March 21

9.35

10I05

10.53

10.75

10.77

10.65

10.45

10.20

9.88

9.61

9.36

9.10

2,720

3,080

3,430

3,640

3,640

3,500

3,360

3,220

3,020

2,840

2,720

2,550

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.89

3.88

3.87

3.86

3.86

3.85

3.86

3.88

328

328

328

328

328

328

315

315

315

315

315

328

March 16

4.94

4.92

4.90

4.90

4.87

4.85

4.83

4.81

4.80

4.79

4.77

4.76

654

654

654

654

654

616

616

616

616

616

616

616

March 22

8.85

8.60

8.34

8.10

7.89

7.70

7.52

7.39

7.25

7.15

7.07

7.02

2,400

2,300

2,150

2,050

1,950

1,860

1,770

1,720

1,640

1,640

1,590

1,540

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.92

4.00

4.10

4.25

4.41

4.64

4.90

5.24

5.48

5.57

5.60

5.52

328

354

382

412

476

544

654

770

890

930

930

890

March 17

4.75

4.74

4.86

5.23

5.80

6.85

9.30

12.50

16.00

20.15

24.30

27.70

616

580

654

770

1,010

1,460

2,660

5,110

9,400

16,300

24,100

31,100

March S3

6.99

6.99

7.00

6.99

6.93

6.90

6.85

6.81

6.78

6.72

6.68

6.64

1,540

1,540

1,540

1,540

1,500

1,500

1,460

1,460

1,460

1,410

1,410

1,360

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

n 5.52

5.61

5.85

6.20

6.65

7.14

7.50

7.82

7.90

7.71

7.38

6.98

890

930

1,010

1,180

1,360

1,590

1,770

1,900

1,950

1,860

1,720

1,540

March 18

28.57

27.68

25.95

23'. 75

22.00

20.20

18.65

17.35

16.48

15.83

15.25

14.80

33,000

31,100

27, 500

23,100

19,600

16,300

13,500

11,500

10,200

9,120

8,280

7,740

March 24

6.60

6.56

6.52

6.45

6.40

6.35

6.26

6.21

6.16

6.18

6.20

6.22

1,360

1,360

1,320

1,280

1,280

1,280

1,230

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13 '

6.53

6.20

5.90

R.70

- 60

?.18

5.40

5.33

5.27

5.23

5.20

5.20

1,320

1,180

1,050

970

930

890

850

810

810

770

770

770

March 19

14.40

13.98

13.55

13.00

12.40

11.65

10.90

10.25

9.80

9.45

9.20

9.02

7,220

6,740

6,270

5,610

5,010

4,280

3,720

3,220

2,960

2,720

2,600

2,500

March 25

6.25

6.28

6.29

6.30

6.27

6.25

6.23

6.20

6.18

6.12

6.09

6.04

1,180

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,140

1,140

1,100
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 117

South River at Waynesboro, Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°3'40B , long. 78°53'46B , above Baker Spring, in Waynesboro, Augusta 

County.

Drainage area.- 144 square miles.

Gags-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 2,400 secondfeetj extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with other records on the same or 

nearby strearaa in Shenandoah River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 7,140 second-feet midnight Mar. 17 (gage height, 13.90 feet). 

1928-35: Discharge, 4,920 second-feet (revised) Sept. 19, 1928, Oct. 17, 1932 

(gage height, 11.0 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

145

152

144

246

302

208

153

147

160

156

Mar.

314

280

259

238

220

206

194

184

175

170

Apr.

310

329

404

302

270

398

506

418

402

502

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

132

133

143

564

1,140

985

700

1,140

756

504

Mar.

595

1,100

936

624

489

396

2,530

4,640

2,020

1,510

Apr.

432

404

398

318

287

310

242

228

214

196

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

376

306

270

300

474

57S

522

438

352

3.00

Mar.

1,540

1,070

793

657

568

498

499

510

436

369

344

6.30

Apr.

181

176

170

160

156

147

142

136

133

127

2.16

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

£

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

2.27

2.27

2.26

2.25

2.25

2.26

2.26

2.25

2.24

2.23

2.23

2.24

188

188

186

184

184

186

186

184

182

180

180

182

March 14

3.97

3.90

3.85

3.81

3.77

3.73

3.69

3.64

3.61

3.57

3.54

3.51

706

686

667

648

629

629

610

592

574

556

556

538

March 20

5.74

5.73

5.73

5.70

5.63

5.68

5.74

5.66

5.58

5.52

5.55

5.67

1,520

1,520

1,520

1,520

1,470

1,520

1,520

1,520

1,470

1,420

1,470

1,520

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

2.23

2.33

2.22

2.25

2.23

2.22

2.23

2.15

2.19

2.18

2.19

2.18

180

180

177

184

180

177

180

163

171

169

171

169

March 15

3.48

3.45

3.42

3.39

3.37

3.35

3.32

3.29

3.26

3.23

3.20

3.18

538

521

504

504

487

487

470

470

454

454

438

438

March 21

5.78

5.83

5.88

5.90

5.85

5.85

 5.89

5.85

5.75

5.62

5.48

5.32

1,570

1,570

1,620

1,620

1,570

1,570

1,620

1,570

1,570

1,470

1,420

1,320

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

2.19

2.16

2.17

2.21

2.17

2.16

2.18

2.12

2.16

2.20

2.22

2;28

171

165

167

176

167

165

169

157

165

173

177

191

March 16

3.16

3.14

3.11

3.11

3.09

3.06

3.04

3.00

3.01

3.00

2.99

2.99

422

422

406

406

406

391

391

376

376

376

373

373

March 22

5.19

5.08

4.95

4.88

4.81

4,75

4.68

4.62

4.56

4.50

4.45

4.41

1,270

1,220

1,140

1,120

1,080

1,050

1,030

985

962

940

918

895

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

2.35

2.45

2.65

2.94

3.43

3.80

4.05

4.18

4.36

4.49

4.55

4.58

206

230

278

358

521

648

746

808

872

940

962

985

March 17

3.00

3.00

3.03

3.21

3.63

4.40

5.65

8.65

11.65

13.20

13.50

T3. 90

376

376

391

438

592

895

1,470

3,240

5,340

6,580

6,820

7,140

March 23

4.35

4.31

4.27

4.23

4.19

4.16

4.13

4.10

4.07

4.04

4.00

3.97

872

850

829

829

808

787

787

766

746

746

726

706

Feet Sec . ft .

March 12

4.60

4.59

4.57

4.61

4.80

5.00

5.11

5.09

5.03

5.00

4.94

4.88

985

985

962

985

1,080

1,170

1,220

1,220

1,200

1,170

1,140

1,120

March 18

13.72

13.20

12.45

11.59

10.92

10.27

9.60

9.13

8.69

8.38

8.07

7.78

6,980

6,680

5,940

5,340

4,850

4,430

3,940

3,590

3,310

3,100

2,920

2,740

March 24

3.95

3.92

3.90

3.86

3.84

3.83

3.79

3.78

3.75

3.74

3.72

3.71

706

686

686

667

667

648

648

648

629

629

610

610

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

4.82

4.77

4.70

4.63

4.56

4.48

4.41

4.32

4.25

4.18

4.10

4.03

1,080

1,050

1,030

1,010

962

940

895

850

829

808

766

746

March 19

7.54

7,32

7.11

6.90

 6.70

6.53

6»30

6.19

6.09

5.97

5.86

5.79

2,560

2,440

2,320

2,200

2,080

1,960

1,840

1,780

1,720

1,670

1,620

1,570

March 25

3.63

3.67

3.65

3.62

3.61

3.60

3.57

3.55

3.56

3.52

3.50

3.47

610

592

592

574

574

574

556

556

556

538

538

521
118 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

South River at Harris ton, Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°13'7", long. 78°50'13", at highway bridge at Harriston, Augusta

County, 7 miles above confluence with Middle River. 

Drainage area.- 222 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Gage read twice daily. A graph was constructed for period Mar.

B-25, based on gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with stage graphs of nearby stations. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 1,500 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with other records in Shenandoah

River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, about 12,600 second-feet 3:30 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 

13.07 feet, from flood marks).

20, second -feet Sept.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

258

258

258

380

445

342

243

243

258

243

Mar.

515

468

445

400

380

360

324

290

306

313

Apr.

570

570

620

545

522

645

880

672

620

880

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

243

228

290

1,090

1,700

820

1,160

1,700

1,230

820

Mar.

1,020

2,370

1,880

1,060

838

678

3,750

9,330

4,110

2,410

Apr.

760

700

672

545

522

522

441

403

384

366

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

618

515

445

515

445

645

880

730

445

602

2.92

Mar.

2,620

1,870

1,400

1,160

968

820

820

820

700

620

570

1,407

7.31

Apr.

348

348

331

314

298

298

298

282

267

267

496

2.49

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

!H 

3

O

w

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.91

3.92

3.92

290

290

290

290

290

290

290

290

290

290

290

290

March 14

5.59

5.48

5.40

5.38

5.37

5.34

5.32

5.31

5.27

5.24

5.22

5.20

1,230

1,160

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,020

950

950

950

March 20

7.80

7.14

7.07

7.01

6.96

6.91

6.88

6.85

6.81

6.80

6.80

6.82

2,660

2,550

2,550

2,450

2,450

2,350

2,350

2,250

2,250

2,250

2,250

2,250

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.93

3.94

3.94

3.94

3.94

3.95

3.96

3.96

3.95

3.94

3.93

3.92

307

307

307

307

307

307

307

307

307

307

307

290

March 15

5.18

5.14

5.10

5.08

5.05

5.03

5.00

4.97

4.95

4.90

4.89

4.87

950

880

880

880

820

820

820

820

820

760

760

730

March 21

6.92

7.13

7.30

7.38

7.38

7.32

7.27

7.20

7.14

7.05

6.96

6.86

2,350

2,550

2,770

2,880

2,880

2,770

2,770

2,660

2,550

2,450

2,450

2,350

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.91

3.90

3.90

S.90

3.91

3.93

3.97

4.00

4.03

4.05

4.08

4.12

290

290

290

290

290

307

307

324

342

342

360

360

Marc-h 16

4.85

4,83

4.82

4.81

4.79

4.76

4.74

4.72

4.70

4.68

4.67

4.65

730

730

700

700

700

672

672

645

645

645

618

618

March 22

6.79

6.69

6.60

6.50

6.43

6.35

6.27

6.21

6.15

6.08

6.04

6.00

2,250

2,150

2,060

1,970

1,880

1,880

1,790

1,700

1,700

1,620

1,540

1,540

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

4.18

4.24

4.36

4.55

4.79

5.10

5.45

5.80

6.14

6.35

6.30

6.20

400

422

468

565

700

880

1,090

1,380

1,620

1,880

1,790

1,700

March 17

4.63

4.62

4.61

4.68

5.01

5.80

7.23

8.80

10.50

11.50

12.05

12.50

618

590

590

645

820

1,380

2,660

4,670

7,430

9,290

10,300

11,300

March 23

5.95

5.90

5.88

5.85

5.85

5.84

5.84

5.82

5.80

5.77

5.73

5.69

1,540

1,460

1,460

1,380

1,380

1,380

1,380

1,380

1,380

1,380

1,300

1,300

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

6.05

6.00

6.05

6.20

6.46

6.80

7.16

7.60

7.80

7.75

7.60

7.36

1,540

1,540

1,540

1,700

1,970

2,250

2,660

3,110

3,350

3,350

3,110

2,880

March 18

13.00

13.06

12.70

12.26

11.84

11.42

11.10

10.72

10.42

10.17

9.90

9.62

12,300

12,600

11,700

10,900

9,890

9,100

8,530

7,790

7,250

6,900

6,390

5,890

March 24

5.65

5.62

5.60

5.56

5.52

5.50

5.46

5.45

5.42

5.40

5.38

5.34

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,160

1,160

1,160

1,090

1,090

1,090

1.090

1,020

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

7.10

6.87

6.67

6.50

6.33

6.24

6.22

6.20

6.10

6.00

5.85

5.70

2,550

2,350

2,150

1,970

1,790

1,700

1,700

1,700

1,620

1,540

1,380

1,300

March 19

9.40

9.18

8.98

8.77

8.60

8.36

8.10

7.83

7.63

7.47

7.38

7.26

5,570

5,260

4,960

4,670

4,390

4,110

3,720

3,350

3,110

2,990

2,880

2,770

March 25

5.32

5.30

5.27

5.25

5.24

5.22

5.20

5.20

5.19

5.17

5.15

5.13

1,020

1,020

1,020

950

950

950

950

950

950

950

950

880

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 3:30 to 4 a.m., 13.07 ft., 12,600 sec.-ft.
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 119

North Fork of Shenandoah River at Cootes Store, Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°38', long. 78°51', at highway bridge at Cootes Store, Rockingham 

County, 1 mile below Brocks Gap and 3i miles above Linville Creek. Zero of gage is 

1,051.8 feet above mean sea level datum of Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army.

Drainage area. 215 square miles.

Gage-height "record.- Gage read twice daily. A graph was constructed for period Mar. 

8-25, based on gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with stage graphs of nearby 

stations.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 2,000 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with other records on the same or 

neighboring streams.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 21,000 second-feet 8 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 23.25 feet, 

from flood marks).

1925-35: Maximum discharge observed, 9,400 second-feet Apr. 16, 1929 (gage 

height, 14.98 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

99

97

86

77

81

85

92

94

73

45

Mar.

860

860

420

360

405

345

300

213

199

179

Apr.

221

234

247

208

184

930

990

585

500

520

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

51

62

67

144

1,330

1,510

860

770

815

525

Mar.

487

1,580

1,500

994

629

428

8,770

6,010

2,670

1,870

Apr.

562

562

480

368

318

274

208

184

152

173

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

390

300

272

455

640

2,320

3,570

1,570

860

598

3.00

Mar.

2,200

1,460

1,340

1,370

902

730

730

630

402

350

303

1,274

6.84

Apr.

133

108

96

86

79

64

54

48

43

25

288

1.50

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

1ow

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

3.92

3.90

3.86

3.83

3.80

3.77

3.72

3.70

3.68

3.67

3.66

3.67

246

246

233

233

220

208

196

196

196

185

185

185

March 14

5.84

5.90

6.00

6.12

6.20

6.15

6.00

5.84

5.72

5.62

5.53

5.44

960

1,010

1,060

1,110

1,160

1,160

1,060

960

910

860

815

770

March 20

7.55

7.48

7.40

7.34

7.30

7.25

7.26

7.29

7.36

7.60

7.90

8.23

1,950

1,880

1,810

1,740

1,740

1,670

1,740

1,740

1,810

1,950

2,160

2,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.67

3.68

3.68

3.69

3.70

3.74

3.74

3.75

3.75

3.73

3.70

3.69

185

196

196

196

196

208

208

208

208

208

196

196

March 15

5.36

5.27

5.20

5.13

5.07

5.03

5.00

5.00

4.94

4.90

4.84

4.79

770

725

680

640

640

600

600

600

560

560

525

525

March 21

8»38

8.40

8.30

8.20

8.08

7.96

7.82

7.72

7.60

7.51

7.42

7.35

2,560

2,560

2,480

2,400

2,320

2,240

2,090

2,020

1,950

1,880

1,810

1,810

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.68

3.65

3.63

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

196

185

185

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

Mar oh 16

4.70

4.62

4.59

4.54

4.50

4.48

4.46

4.45

4.44

4.42

4.41

4.40

490

455

455

438

420

420

405

405

405

390

390

390

March 22

7.30

7.25

7.20

7.17

7.08

6.93

6.76

6.60

6.47

6.43

6.42

6.43

1,740

1,670

1,670

1,670

1,600

1,470

1,410

1,290

1,250

1,170

1,170

1,170

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.90

4.42

4.95

5.40

5.60

5.68

5.65

5.57

174

174

174

174

246

390

600

770

860

910

860

860

March 17

4.50

4.87

5.90

7.60

10.00

12.65

15.40

18.50

22.08

23.25

22.00

18.85

420

560

1,010

2,040

4,020

6,660

9,880

13,900

19,300

21,000

19,100

14,300

March 23

6.47

6.54

6.59

6.63

6.70

6.71

6.73

6.75

6.75

6.76

6.77

6.78

1,230

1,230

1,290

1,290

1,350

1,350

1,350

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

5.55

5.60

5.72

5.90

6.25

6.68

7.17

7.60

7.97

8.18

8.23

8.10

860

860

910

1,010

1,160

1,450

1,760

2,040

2,320

2,480

2,480

2,400

March 18

16.33

14.60

13.20

12.05

11.30

10.80

10.43

10.15

9.95

9.79

9.60

9 -.42

11,000

8,920

7,320

6,000

5,280

4,780

4,380

4,180

3,980

3,780

3,600

3,420

March 24

6.76

6.77

6.78

6.79

6.80

6.80

6.80

6.80

6.74

6.65

6.53

6.39

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,350

1,290

1,230

1,170

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

7.87

7.60

7.35

7.10

6.83

6.60

6.40

6.23

6.08

5.94

5.85

5.80

2,250

2,040

1,900

1,690

1,510

1,390

1,270

1,160

1,110

1,010

960

960

March 19

9 27

9llO

8.94

8.79

8.64

8.48

8.35

8.21

8.07

7.95

7.81

7.68

3,330

3,150

2,970

2,880

2,720

2,640

2,560

2,400

2,320

2,240

2,090

2,020

March 25

6.27

6.12

6.03

5.95

5.90

5.83

5.80

5.80

5.79

5.78

5.77

5.76

1,110

990

930

930

880

830

830

830

830

830

830

830
120 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

North Fork of Shenandoah River near Strasburg, Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°58', long. 78°20' (revised), at highway bridge 2 miles east of

Strasburg, Shenandoah County, and 9 miles above confluence with South Fork of Shenandoah River. Zero of gage Is 493.85 feet above mean sea level, general adjustment 

of 1929.

Drainage area.- 772 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for periods Feb. 1, 2, Mar. 13 

to Apr. 26, when It waa based on flood mark and shape of stage graphs at nearby stations.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 3-14, 19, 21-25. Defined by currentmeter measurements below 10,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocityarea study near control section, slope-area determination, and comparison of peak 

discharge and total run-off of flood with other records on the same or neighboring 

streams.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, about 64,600 second-feet 8 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 30.21 

feet, from flood marks ).

1925-35: Discharge, 20,500 second-feet (revised) Dec. 2, 1934 (gage height, 

18.99 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

590

580

580

570

590

600

620

640

580

580

Mar.

3,270

2,490

1,940

1,760

1,690

1,590

1,340

1,170

1,070

969

Apr.

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,300

1,300

1,250

1,600

1,800

1,800

1,700

Day

11

12

IS

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

560

540

500

550

1,660

3,920

3,880

3,220

2,300

2,910

Mar.

1,170

2,330

4,990

3,950

3,110

2,280

4,740

44,800

14,200

7,060

Apr.

1,600

1,800

1,700

1,600

1,400

1,300

1,100

1,100

980

880

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, In Inches, ...........................................

Feb.

1,900

1,400

1,200

1,000

820

4,790

7,810

7,950

4,240

1,968

2.75

Mar.

6,120

6,650

4,570

3,750

3,530

2,800

2,500

2,300

2,200

1,900

1,600

4,640

6.93

Apr.

890

840

780

710

650

630

584

576

531

502

1,168

1.68

Gage height, In feet, and discharge, In second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

§

3

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet Sec . ft .

March 8

3.77

3.74

3.71

3.70

3.68

3.66

3.65

3.66

3.66

3.66

3.64

3.62

1,220

1,220

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,100

March 14

7.60

7.42

7,25

7.11

6.97

6.84

6.76

6.67

6.61

6.56

6.53

6.50

4,530

4,350

4,170

4,080

3,990

3,810

3,810

3,720

3,630

3,630

3,540

3,540

March 20

11,54

11.21

10.94

10.64

10,38

10.12

9.92

9.72

9.58

9.42

9.34

9.26

8,380

8,040

7,710

7,380

7,170

6,870

6,670

6,470

6,370

6,170

6,070

6,070

Feet Sec. ft.'

March 9

3.61

3.60

3.59

3.60

3.58

3.56

3.56

3.55

3.54

3.53

3.51

3.50

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,020

1,020

March 15

6.46

6.42

6.38

6,28

6.18

6.04

5.92

5.80

5,66

5.58

5.48

5.40

3,540

3,450

3,450

3,360

3,270

3,090

3,000

2,910

2,820

2,730

2,640

2,550

March 21

9.19

9,15

9.12

9.10

9,12

9.18

9.25

9.38

9.52

9.66

9.80

9.97

5,9r -

5,9-; ^

5,880

5,880

5,880

5,970

5,970

6,170

6,270

6,470

6,570

6,770

Feet Sec. ft.

March 10

3.50

3.49

3.48

3.46

3.45

3.44

3.44

3.44

3.44

3.42

3.40

3.40

1,020

1,010

1,000

988

980

972

972

972

972

956

940

940

Marc-h 16

5.32

5.26

5.19

5.14

5.08

5.04

5.00

4.97

4.95

4.93

4.91

4.90

2,460

2,460

2,380

2,300

2,300

2,220

2,220

2,220

2,220

2,140

2,140

2,140

March 22

10.10

10.18

10.20

10.18

10.15

10.08

9.96

9.80

9.62

9.42

9.20

8.95

6,870

6,970

6,970

6,970

6,970

6,870

6,770

6,570

6,370

6,170

5,970

5,790

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.40

3.40

3.43

3.53

3.84

3.92

3.93

3.90

3.84

3.79

3.77

3.77

940

940

964

1,060

1,300

1,340

1,380

1,340

1,300

1,260

1,220

1,220

March 17

4.88

4.87

4.86

4.85

4.90

5.03

5.50

6.40

8.70

11.50

14.70

19.00

2,140

2,140

2,140

2,060

2,140

2,220

2,640

3,450

5,520

8,380

12,700

20,500

March 23

8.70

8.46

8.22

8.00

7.77

7.5S

7.32

7.17

7.01

6.88

6.78

6.72

5,520

5,340

5,070

4,890

4,710

4,440

4,260

4,170

3,990

3,900

3,810

3,720

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

3.80

3.87

3.94

4.17

4.74

5.00

5.38

5.70

6.02

6.38

6.74

7.03

1,260

1,300

1,380

1,540

2,020

2,220

2,550

2,820

3,090

3,450

3,720

3,990

March 18

23.60

28.00

29.80

30.21

29.80

28.80

27.40

26.00

24 .'60

23.20

21.90

20.70

32,600

51, 500

62,400

64,600

62,400

55,900

48,500

41,900

36,200

31, 200

27,500

24,400

March 24

6.70

6.68

6.67

6.66

6.68

6.70

6.72

6.74

6.76

6.77

6.77

6.76

3,720

3,720

3,720

3,720

3,720

3,720

3,720

3,720

3,810

3,810

3,810

3,810

Feef Sec.ft.

March 13

7.41

7.75

8.02

8.22

8.41

8.48

8.^9

8.4?

8.37

8.16

7.97

7.79

4,350

4,710

4,890

5,070

5,250

5,340

5,340

5,340

5,250

5,070

4,890

4,710

March 19

19.50

18.35

17.30

16.40

15.65

15.00

14.35

13.74

13.20

12.68

12.28

11.90

21,600

19,300

17,200

15, 500

14,200

13,200

12, 200

11,200

10,500

9,860

9,340

8,860

r March 25

6.74

6.71

6.67

6.62

6.58

6.52

6.44

6.38

6.34

6.28

6.21

6.15

3,720

3,720

3,720

3,630

3,630

3,540

3,450

3,450

3,360

3,360

3,270

3,270
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 121 

Passage Creek at Buckton, Va.

location.- Lat. 38°57', long. 78°16', at highway bridge 1 mile south of Buckton, Warren 

County, li miles above mouth, and 4 miles northwest of Riverton.

T 'ainage area.- 87 square miles.

3rage-height record.- Gage read twice daily. A graph was constructed for period Mar. 

8-25, based on gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with stage graphs of nearbystations.

Ftage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1. Defined by current-meter measurements below 3,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near 

control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with 

other determinations on neighboring streams.

V-ucima. - 1936: Discharge. 12,300 second-feet 9:30 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 14.29 

feet, from flood marks).

1932-35: Maximum discharge observed, 4,100 second-feet Dec. 1, 1934 (gage 

height, 8.20 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

80

80

75

80

82

84

77

75

66

66

Mar.

370

290

206

155

104

100

102

104

101

118

Apr.

222

206

194

182

203

348

308

272

272

272

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

65

63

70

166

536

642

888

728

462

348

Mar.

286

867

674

321

246

234

3,540

3,220

1,630

783

Apr.

272

255

238

238

238

222

194

166

150

145

Day

21

?.?.

23

24

25

2R

27

28

29

30

31

""un-cf f , in inches ............................................

Feb.

308

290

238

255

328

1,560

1,380

699

562

357

4.42

Mar.

432

255

220

512

408

328

328

328

308

290

255

552

7.31

Apr.

140

131

124

115

108

108

104

96

88

84

190

2.43

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

a

z

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

B

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

3.19

3.19

3.19

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.21

3.21

3.20

3.20

3.20

102

102

102

104

104

104

104

106

106

104

104

104

March 14

4.20

4.13

4.08

4.00

3.92

3.85

3.78

3.77

3.75

3.75

3.75

3.75

438

415

392

348

308

290

272

255

255

255

255

255

March 20

5.30

5.20

5.06

4.92

4.80

4.70

4.63

4.58

4.54

4.52

4.46

4.45

1,120

1,040

959

821

758

699

670

642

615

588

562

562

Peet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.20

3.19

3.18

3.17

3.16

3.16

3.16

3.17

3.18

3.19

3.22

3.31

104

102

100

98

96

96

96

98

100

102

108

128

March 15

3.75

3.75

3.75

3.73

3.73

3.71

3.70

3.70

3.70

3.68

3.68

3.68

255

255

255

255

255

238

238

238

238

238

238

238

March 21

4.43

4.42

4.38

4.32

4.23

4.17

4.09

4.02

4.00

3.96

3.94

3.93

562

536

536

486

462

415

392

348

348

328

328

328

Feet | Sec. ft.

March 10

3.36

3.40

3.42

3.42

3.38

3.31

3.23

3.16

3.08

3.05

3.04

3.09

140

150

155

155

145

128

111

96

80

75

73

82

March 16

3.68

3.66

3.66

3.66

3.66

3.68

3.68

3.69

3.70

3.70

3.70

3.70

238

238

222

222

222

238

238

238

238

238

238

238

March 22

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.87

3.83

S.78

3.71

3.65

3.61

3.56

3.50

3.43

308

308

308

290

290

272

238

222

206

194

176

158

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.15

3.25

3.38

3.50

3.61

3.75

3.88

4.00

4.15

4.29

4.42

4.55

94

115

145

176

206

255

308

348

415

486

536

615

March 17

3.76

3.98

4.34

4.78

5.S2

5.88

6.64

7.68

9.40

13.05

14.10

11.00

255

348

511

758

1,040

1,660

2,350

3,530

5,580

10,500

12,000

7,660

*,rch 23

3.40

3.38

3.38

3.40

3.44

3.47

3.53

3.61

3.74

3.90

4.15

4*40

150

145

145

150

160

168

185

206

255

308

415

536

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

4.64

4.76

4.85

4.92

5.00

5.08

5.10

5.14

5.14

5.14

5.10

5.04

670

728

790

821

888

959

959

959

959

959

959

888

March 18

8.70

7.95

7.53

7.35

7.22

7.12

7.00

6.90

6.80

6.68

6.56

6.44

4,700

3,860

3,310

3,200

2,980

2,870

2,760

2,650

2,550

2,450

2,350

2,150

March 24

4.58

4.64

4.61

4.52

4.38

4.30

4.21

4.17

4.11

4.13

4.18

4.20

642

670

642

588

536

486

438

415

392

415

438

438

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

4.98

4.89

4.80

4.76

4.69

4.62

4.58

4.56

4.46

4.40

4.33

4.29

888

821

758

728

699

642

642

615

562

536

511

486

March 19

6.36

6.18

6.08

5.96

5.86

5.77

5.70

5.68

5.66

5.60

5.52

5.41

2,150

1,950

1,850

1,750

1,660

1,560

1,460

1,460

1,460

1,380

1,280

1,200

March 25

4.26

4.28

4.26

4.22

4.19

4.13

4.09

4.03

4.00

4.00

4.00

4.00

462

486

462

438

438

415

392

370

348

348

348

348

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 9:30 p.m., 14.29 ft., 12,300 sec.-ft.
122 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAO, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Monocaoy River at Jug Bridge, near Frederick, Md.

Location.- Lat. 39°24'13", long. 77°21'58", a quarter of a mile above Jug Bridge, 0.35 

mile below mouth of Liaganore Creek, and 2i miles east of Frederick, Frederick 

County. Zero of gage Is 231.92 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 817 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. 

Stage-discharge ___________ relation.- Affected by Ice Feb. 1-13-26. Defined by current-meter measurements below 50,400 second-feet. 

Maxima.- 1936s Discharge, 20,900 second-feet 3 p.m. Mar, 12 (gage height, 16.4 feet).

1929-35: Discharge, 51,000 second-feet Aug. 24, 1933 (gage height, 28.1 feet), 

1889-1936: Maximum known stage, about 30 feet In June 1889 (from flood marks),

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

S

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

770

730

700

680

700

680

680

670

680

700

Mar.

6,970

4,130

2,640

4,130

5,480

4,130

3,040

2,300

2,490

3,240

Apr.

1,240

1,240

1,940

1,360

1,130

7,790

6,830

2,640

2,080

3,350

Day

11

12

1J5

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

680

660

670

900

1,500

2,300

2,100

2,300

1,900

1,400

Mar.

6,330

18,900

11,600

4,250

3,040

2,440

2,440

7,160

5,220

5,350

Apr.

2,940

2,540

2,040

1,640

1,480

1,360

1,200

1,090

985

918

Day

21

22

23

24

25

P.fi

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, In Inches ............................................

Feb.

1,100

940

800

710

850

4,400

6,270

9,280

6,830

2.39

Mar.

5,610

4,730

2,640

2,260

2,040

1,760

2,120

3,350

1,940

1,560

1,400

6.12

Apr.

885

820

760

705

678

656

645

620

605

582

2.40

gage height, In feet, and discharge, In second-feet, at Indicated time, 1956

%o

a

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

5.02

5.01

5.04

5.09

5.13

5.13

5.07

4.95

4.83

4.75

4.73

4.72

2,370

2,360

2,390

2,430

2,470

2,470

2,410

2,300

2,200

2,120

2,110

2,100

Marsh 14

7.50

7.33

7.17

7.03

6.86

6.70

6.56

6.42

6.30

6.19

6.10

6.03

5,090

4,890

4,690

4,530

4,320

4,130

3,970

3,790

3,700

3,560

3,460

3,380

March 20

8.01

8.38

8.67

8.76

8.59

8.19

7.69

7.22

6.86

6.58

6.37

6.26

5,750

6,240

6,650

6,830

6,490

5,990

5,340

4,750

4,320

3,990

3,760

3,640

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

4.75

4.84

5.03

5.24

5.42

5,48

5.45

5.36

5.23

5.14

5.10

5.15

2,120

2,210

2,380

2,580

2,760

2,820

2,790

2,700

2,570

2,480

2,440

2,490

March 15

5.98

5.94

5.90

5.85

5.79

5.73

5.68

5.62

5.56

5.50

5.43

5.38

3,330

3,280

3,240

3,190

3,130

3,070

3,000

2,960

2,900

2,840

2,770

2,720

March 21

6.26

6.44

6.82

7.28

7.62

8.05

8.53

8.91

9.14

9.23

9.23

9.14

3,640

3,830

4,270

4,830

5,250

5,800

6,450

6,980

7,320

7,460

7,460

7,320

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

5.32

5.63

6.00

6.32

6.47

6.47

6.33

6.11

5.90

5.73

5.62

5.60

2,660

2,970

3,350

3,700

3,870

3,870

3,710

3,470

3,240

3,070

2,960

2,940

March 16

5.32

5.27

5.22

5.18

5.14

5.11

5.07

5.04

5.01

4.98

4.94

4.92

2,660

2,610

2,560

2,520

2,480

2,450

2,410

2,390

2,360

2,330

2,300

2,280

March 22

8.98

8.69

8.26

7.78

7.31

6.89

6.57

6.32

6.13

5.95

5.83

5.72

7,080

6,680

6,080

5,450

4,860

4,360

3,980

3,700

3,490

3,300

3,170

3,060

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

5.77

6.01

6.32

6.60

6.84

7.07

7.66

8.76

10.08

11.40

12.33

13.08

3,110

3,360

3,680

4,010

4,300

4,570

5,300

6,770

8,770

11,000

12,600

14,000

March 17

4.88

4.86

4.84

4.83

4.85

4.90

4.93

4.97

5.02

5.28

5.97

6.95

2,240

2,220

2,210

2,200

2,220

2,260

2,290

2,320

2,370

2,620

3,320

4,430

March 23

_

5.53

_

5.39

_

5.28

_

5.20

5.13

_

5.06

_

2,870

_

2,730

2,620

2,540

2,470

_

2,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

13.82

14.54

15.04

15.63

15.87

16.14

16.36

16.41

16.27

15.89

15.40

14.94

15,400

16,900

18,000

19,200

19,800

20,300

20,900

20,900

20,600

19,800

18,700

17,800

March 18

8.06

8.76

9.17

9.50

9.80

9.95

9.87

9.55

9.10

8.60

8.16

7.76^

5,820

6,770

7,360

7,860

8,320

8,560

8,430

7,940

7,260

6,550

5,950

5,430

March 24

-

5.00

4.94

_

4.89

4.85

-

4.82

_

4.78

-

2,350

-

2,300

_

2,260

-

2,220

2,190

2,150

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

14.53

14.24

13.94

13.59

13.03

12.22

11.10

9.92

8.89

8.33

7.95

7.70

16,900

16,300

15,700

15,000

13,900

12,400

10,5OO

8,510

6,960

6,170

5,690

5,350

March 19

7.46

7.31

7.32

7.49

7.71

7.79

7.72

7.55

7.48

7.52

7.58

7.72

5,040

4,860

4,870

5,080

5,360

5,470

5,380

5,160

5,070

5,120

5,190

5,380

March 25

-

4.74

4.70

4.66

4.62

-

4.58

4.52

-

2,120

2,080

2,040

2,010

1,970

-

1,920

Supplemental records.- Mar. 12, 3 p.m., 16.4 ft., 20,900 see.-ft.
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 123 

Owens Creek at Lantz, Md.

Location.- Lat. 39°40'36", long. 77°27 I 50", half a mile west of Lantz post office or

Deerfield station on Western Maryland Railroad, lj miles south of Sabillasville,

and 4^ miles northwest of Thurmont, Frederick County. 

Drainage area.- 5.70 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for period 6 p.m. Mar. 27 to

Apr. 30, when it was based on comparisons with records at nearby stations. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Not affected by ice. Defined by current-meter measurements

below 83 second-feet; extended by velocity-area study; verified by application to

flood of August 1933 and comparison of total run-off in that flood with run-off of

Monoeacy Hiver.

Maxima.- 1936s Discharge, 362 second-feet 3:30 p.m. Mar. 11 (gage height, 4.04 feet). 

1931-35J Discharge, about 3,100 second-feet Dec. 1, 1934 (gage height, 8.4

feet).

1889-1936: Maximum known stage, that of Deo. 1, 1934. 

Remarks.- Flood run-off not affected by artificial storage.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

7.7

7.7

6.7

6.7

6.4

5.4

6.0

5.8

5.8

5.6

Mar.

36

28

28

44

47

38

31

29

35

44

Apr.

23

26

24

22

20

55

40

30

45

40

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

5.4

5.2

5.2

5.8

7.4

6.9

6.7

7.7

6.7

5.8

Mar.

173

119

73

58

49

43

97

88

67

52

Apr.

35

30

27

24

21

19

18

16

15

14

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

5.4

5.0

4.7

5.0

15

36

43

36

34

in r?

2.03

Mar.

73

48

41

36

32

28

35

42

26

22

20

51.0

10.32

Apr.

13

12

11

11

10

10

10

9.5

9.0

9.0

21 6

4.23

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

13

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet See.ft.

March 8

_

2.25

..

2.23

_

2.22

-.

2.28

«

2.32

2.30

_

28

_

27

_

26

_

31

_

34

32

March 14

_

2.56

_

2.53

_

2.52

_

2.60

2.62

2.60

_

2.54

_

58

_

55

_

53

_

63

66

63

_

56

March 20

_

2.54

2.52

_

2.60

_

2.49

_

2.48

.2.47

2.54

_

56

..

53

_

51

_

50

_

49

48

56

Feet See.ft.

March 9

_

2.27

_

2.25

_

2.25

_

2.42

2.46

2.44

2.38

-

30

_

28

_

28

_

43

47

45

_

Feet See.ft.

March 10

_

2.35

_

2.33

_

2.33

2.41

2.52

«

2.58

_

39 2.55

March 15

_

2.51

_

2.49

_

2.48

_

2.47

_

2.46

_

2.45

_

52

_

50

_

49

_

48

_

47

_

46

March 21

2.80

2.97

2.84

2.75

2.69

2.65

_

2.59

_

2.55

_

2.52

91

119

97

84

75

70

_

62

_

57

_

53

_

36

_

35

_

35

42

53

_

61

_

57

March 16

_

2.44

_

2.42

_

2.41

_

2.40

_

2.39

2.39

2.56

_

45

_

43

_

42

_

41

_

40

40

58

March 22

_

2.50

_

2.48

_

2.47

-

2.45

_

2.44

_

2.43

_

51

_

49

_

48

_

46

_

45

_

44

Feet See.ft.

March 11

2.56

2.62

2.69

2.74

3.08

3,68

3.77

3.94

3.76

3.41

3.31

3.21

58

66

75

82

138

264

286

333

284

204

183

163

March 17

2.57

2.60

2.59

2.54

2.57

2.56

2.53

2.54

2.80

3.83

3.48

3.09

59

63

62

56

59

58

55

56

91

302

220

140

March 23

_

2.42

_

2.41

_

2.40

_

2.39

_

2.30

_

2.37

_

43

_

42

_

41

_

40

_

39

_

38

Feet See.ft.

March 12

3.09

3.02

2.97

2.93

3.12

3.06

3.00

2.95

2.90

2.86

2.62

2.78

140

128

119

112

146

133

124

116

107

101

94

88

March 18

2.96

2.87

_

2.76

2.73

_

2.74

2.73

2.67

117

102

85

80

82

80

72

March 24

_

2.36

_

2.36

_

2.35

_

2.35

_

2.35

_

2.33

_

37

_

37

_

36

_

36

_

36

_

35

Feet See.ft.

March 13

_

2.74

_

2.70

_

2.67

_

2.66

_

2.63

2.59

_

62

_

76

_

72

_

71

_

67

62

March 19

_

2.64

_

2.62

_

2.62

_

2.67

_

2.60

_

2.56

_

68

_

66

66

_

72

63

58

March 25

.

2.32

_

2.31

_

2.30

_

2.29

_

2.28

_

2.27

_

34

_

33

_

32

_

31

_

31

_

30

Supplemental records.- Mar. 11, 3:30 p.m., 4.04 ft., 362 sec,-ft. Mar. 

3.21 ft., 163 sec.-ft.; 8:30 p.m., 3.89 ft., 318 sec.-ft.

17, 7 p.m.,
124 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--FOTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Llnganore Creek near Frederick, Md.

Location.- Lat. 39°24'55n , long. 770 20'0n , Similes above mouth and 4 miles east of

Frederick, Frederick County. 

Drainage area.- 82.3 square miles. 

gage-height record.- Graph based on two gage readings daily and comparison with the

stage graphs of nearby stations. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 1,000 secondfeet; extended on basis of velocity-area study. Affected by ice Feb. 1-26. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 1,970 seeond-feet 10 p.m. Mar. 11 (gage height, 7.40 feet). 

1931-32, 1934-35: Discharge, 1,080 second-feet Dec. 1, 1934 (gage height,

5.6 feet).

1931-36: Maximum known stage, 10.5 feet, August 1933 (from flood marks).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

65

70

65

70

75

70

65

65

70

65

Mar.

298

173

233

202

192

155

146

130

138

146

Apr.

146

164

173

138

130

370

244

182

182

222

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

65

75

90

180

400

600

350

400

200

150

liar.

619

968

395

276

222

202

273

476

345

265

Apr.

212

192

173

155

155

146

138

130

122

122

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

130

110

105

100

200

500

850

575

515

216

2.83

Mar.

485

265

233

212

202

182

254

276

192

173

173

3.84

Apr.

114

106

106

103

100

98

96

94

88

88

150

2.03

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

13

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

-

-

2.34

_

_

2.36

_

2.38

_

_

2.37

_

_

128

_

_

132

-

135

_

_

133

March 14

_

-

3.13

_

_

3.08

M

_

3*04

_

_

2.98

_

_

283

_

_

272

w

_

263

_

_

250

March 20

_

3.12

-

_

3.03

3.00

3.03

3.14

3.30

_

280

_

_

261

-

_

254

261

285

321

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

_

-

2.37

_

_

2.39

-

2.40

-

2.41

-

133

_

_

136

_

_

138

_

_

140

March 15

-

2.90

2.86

M

_

2.83

_

_

2.80

_

_

233

_

_

224

218

_

_

212

March 21

3.46

3.64

3.86

4.20

4.35

4.40

4.20

4.00

3.84

3.70

3.56

3.45

360

407

473

575

622

640

575

515

467

425

385

358

Feet | Sec. ft.

March 10

_

_

2.44

_

_

2.45

_

_

2.46

_

_

2.48

_

_

145

_

_

146

_

_

148

_

_

152

March 16

_

_

2.78

_

_

2.73

2.68

_

_

2.68

_

_

208

_

_

198

188

_

_

188

March 22

3.30

3.20

3.12

_

_

3.03

_

_

2.96

_

_

2.93

321

298

280

_

_

261

_

_

246

_

_

239

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

2.49

2.51

2.54

2.70

2.90

3.23

3.70

4.40

5.10

6.70

7.40

6.10

153

157

162

192

233

305

425

640

885

1,580

1,970

1,300

March 17

_

_

2.67

_

_

2.67

M

2.68

3.20

4.30

5.85

_

_

186

_

_

186

M

188

298

605

1,190

March 23

_

_

2.90

_

_

2.88

_

_

2.85

_

_

2.83

_

_

233

_

_

229

_

_

222

_

_

218

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

5.20

4.50

4.20

4.02

4.10

4.60

5.90

7.00

6.60

5.90

5.30

4.70

925

675

575

521

545

710

1,210

1,730

1,530

1,210

965

745

March 18

5.00

4.25

8.85

_

_

3.58

M

3.45

_

_

3.35

850

590

470

_

_

390

358

_

_

333

March 24

_

_

2.82

_

_

2.81

_

_

2.80

_

_

2.78

_

_

216

_

_

214

_

_

212

_

_

208

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

4.30

3.90

3.75

_

_

3.50

_ _

_

3.40

_

_

3.25

605

485

440

_

_

370

_

_

345

_

_

310

March 19

_

_

3.25

_

3.35

M

_

3.60

_

_

3.35

^

_

310

_

333

M

_

395

_

333

March 25

_

_

2.76

_

_

2.73

_

_

2.70

_

_

2.70

_

_

204

_

_

198

_

_

192

_

_

192
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN 125

Goose Creek near Leesburg, Va«

Location.- Lat. 39°!', long. 77°35', at highway bridge at Evergreen Mills, threequarters of a mile below Little River, 7 milea south of Leesburg, Loudoun County, 

and 10 miles above mouth.

Drainage area.- 338 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Gage read twice daily. A graph was constructed for the period 

Mar. 8-25, based on gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with stage graphs of 

nearby stations.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-6, 21, 22. Defined by current-meter 

measurements below 8,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage for August 1933 flood 

by velocity-area study near control section.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 6,010 second-feet 6 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 13.61 feet, 

from flood marks ).

1909-12, 1930-35: Maximum discharge observed, 12,300 second-feet during flood 

of Aug. 23 and 24, 1933 (gage height, 21.60 feet, from flood marks).

Maximum stage known, about 29 feet in May or June 1889 (discharge not determined).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

220

220

220

230

250

220

204

216

262

228

Mar.

1,140

760

622

622

668

576

484

454

440

438

Apr.

574

574

666

505

482

898

666

574

528

758

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

197

197

200

2,'*T

3, f i

2>*0

1,000

1,290

576

392

Mar.

1,780

3,000

2,390

1,510

1,100

746

2,600

3,050

2,050

1,530

Apr.

804

712

620

574

528

482

413

390

390

368

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

270

260

262

283

1,390

3,270

3,030

2,570

1,290

921

2.93

Mar.

3,290

1,920

1,390

1,160

1,000

804

946

1,190

804

758

666

1,287

4.39

Apr.

368

323

297

288

263

243

267

259

s:

231

476

1.57

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

»

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

4.06

4.05

4.04

4.03

4.03

4.03

4.03

4.03

4.02

4.02

4.02

4.02

461

461

461

461

461

461

461

461

438

438

438

438

March 14

6.65

6.55

6.43

6.34

6.25

6.18

6.10

6.07

6.03

5.99

5.92

5.85

1,700

1,700

1,600

1,550

1,490

1,490

1,440

1,440

1,390

1,390

1,340

1,290

March 20

6.43

6.33

6.26

6.17

6.08

6.01

5.93

5.87

5.80

5.99

6.50

7,22

1,630

1,580

1,580

1,530

1,480

1,430

1,380

1,380

1,330

1,430

1,690

2,050

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

4.02

4.02

4.01

4.01

4.01

4.01

4.02

4.03

4.02

4.01

4.00

3.99

438

438

438

438

438

438

438

461

438

438

438

438

March 15

5.80

5.71

5.65

5.59

5.53

5.47

5.42

5.34

5.24

5.10

4.94

4.75

1,290

1,240

1,190

1,190

1,140

1,140

1,100

1,050

1,000

952

856

808

March 21

8.08

9.00

9.80

10.35

10.55

10.39

10.05

9.70

9.30

8.90

8.56

8.22

2,540

3,060

3,530

3,900

4,020

3,900

3,650

3,470

3,230

3,000

2,820

2,600

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.99

3.99

3.99

3.99

3.99

3.99

3.99

3.99

4.00

4.00

4.00

4.00

438

438

438

438

438

438

438

438

438

438

438

438

Marc-h 16

4.53

4.25

4.04

3.87

3.87

4.10

4.53

4.08

5.31

5.60

5.66

5.60

668

553

461

370

370

484

668

904

1,050

1,190

1,240

1,190

March 22

7.90

7.60

7.33

7.13

6.98

6.85

6.75

6.63

6.47

6.35

6.25

6.16

2,430

2,270

2,110

2,000

1,950

1,840

1,840

1,740

1,690

1,630

1,530

1,530

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

4.00

4.00

4.00

4.18

4.95

6.80

8.30

9.07

9.30

9.25

9.05

8.66

438

438

438

530

904

1,810

2,630

3,090

3,210

3,150

3,030

2,860

March 17

5.40

5.12

4.90

4,79

4.80

5.00

7.20

12.50

13.61

12.55

11.48

10.55

1,100

952

856

808

808

904

2,020

5,260

6,010

5,330

4,600

4,010

' March 23'

6.10

6.04

5.99

5.97

5.94

5.92

5.90

5.86

5.82

5.79

5.75

5.70

1,480

1,430

1,430

1,430

1,380

1,380

1,380

1,380

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,280

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

8.33

8.20

8.26

8,45

8.70

8.96

9.23

9.47

9.61

9.60

9.47

9.25

2,630

2,570

2,630

2,690

2,860

3,030

3,150

3,330

3,390

3,390

3,330

3,150

March 18

9.80

9.25

8.98

8.83

8.84

8.95

9.02

8.98

8.83

8.65

8.40

8.20

3,530

3,170

3,060

2,940

2,940

3,060

3,060

3,060

2,940

2,820

2,710

2,600

March 24

5.63

5.57

5.51

5.48

5.40

5.40

5.39

5.35

5.34

5.32

5.29

5.30

1,230

1,230

1,190

1,190

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,090

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

9.00

8.70

8.44

8.20

7.99

7.77

7.59

7.40

7.23

7.10

6.95

6.80

1 3,030

2,860

2,690

2,570

2,460

2,350

2,240

2,130

2,020

1,970

1,910

1,810

March 19

7.94

7.72

7.55

7.40

7.28

7.14

7.03

6.92

6.82

6.71

6.62

6.52

2,430

2,320

2,270

2,160

2,110

2,000

1,950

1,890

1,840

1,790

1,740

1,690

March 25

5,30

5.28

5.25

5.23

5.18

5.13

5.08

5.05

5.00

4.95

4.92

4.88

1,090

1,090

1,040

1,040

1,040

994

994

946

946

946

898

898
126 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 FOTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Seneca Greek at Dawsonville, Md.

Location.,- Lat. 390 7'4l", long. 770 20 l 13n , 60 feet below highway bridge, 150 feet below confluence of Great Seneca and Little Seneca Creeks, and half a mile east of 

Dawsonville, Montgomery County. Zero of gage is 214.147 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 101 square milea.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph,

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 14-17. Defined by current-meter measurements below 1,600 second-feet; extended to 6,500 second-feet as determined by 

slope-area computation.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge during year, 2,020 second-feet 2 p.m. Jan. 3 (gage height, 

6.88 feet); during March, 930 second-feet 11:30 p.m. Mar. 11. Maximum stage 7.36 

feet 7 p.m. Feb. 14 (ice jam).

1930-35: Discharge, about 6,500 second-feet Aug. 24, 1933 (gage height, 10.3 

feet).

Mean discharge, In second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

9

10

Feb.

73

75

73

77

82

75

71

67

75

73

Mar.

210

154

157

164

168

141

126

118

120

132

Apr.

144

160

160

135

132

305

196

157

171

252

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

69

80

98

1,200

1,000

600

350

518

185

132

liar.

401

708

350

228

192

171

242

451

269

224

Apr.

252

196

174

154

147

138

126

120

120

118

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

37

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in inches .............................................

Feb.

118

110

100

242

712

1,240

768

387

248

 Zf\ry

3.28

Mar.

418

236

196

185

171

154

248

314

199

174

157

2.65

Apr.

112

108

108

105

102

102

105

102

98

98

1.63

Page height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

&

o

W

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

a

10

M

2

4

6

a

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

11

Feet Sec . ft .

March 8

-

2.10

2.09

-

2.08

-

2.08

_

2,09

_

2.10

_

120

_

118

_

115

_

115

_

118

_

120

March 14

_

2.47

-

2,43

-

2.41

_

2.39

-

2.38

_

2.36

_

248

-

232

-

224

_

216

_

213

_

206

March 20

_

2.44

_

2.41

-

2.38

-

2.37

_

2.36

2.37

2.53

_

236

_

224

_

213

210

_

206

210

274

Feet See. ft.

March 9

-

2.10

_

2.10

_

2.10

_

2.10

_

2.11

_

2.13

_

120

_

120

_

120

_

120

_

123

129

March 15

_

2.35

-

2,33

_

2.32

_

2.31

_

a.29

_

2.28

_

202

-

196

_

192

_

188

_

182

_

178

March 21

2.81

2.99

3.18

3.13

2.99

2.90

2.82

2.76

2.69

2.63

2.60

2.56

404

486

562

542

486

445

409

380

346

318

305

287

Feet Seo.ft.

March 10

_

2.14

_

2.14

-

2.13

_

2.13

_

2.15

2.17

-

132

_

132

_

129

_

129

_

135

141

March 16

_

2.27

-

2.26

_

2.26

_

2.25

_

2.24

_

2.24

_

174

-

171

_

171

_

168

_

164

_

164

March 22

_

2.51

_

2.46

_

2.43

_

2.40

_

2.37

_

2.35

_

264

_

244

_

232

-

220

_

210

_

202

Feet Sec . ft .

March 11

2.18

2.19

2.21

2.26

2.35

2.44

2.64

3.05

3.56

3.86

4.30

4.46

144

147

154

171

202

236

323

510

693

783

890

922

March 17

_

2.23

-

2.23

_

2.23

_

2.25

2.63

2.93

3.00

3.09

_

160

-

160

_

160

_

168

318

458

490

526

March 23

_

2.34

_

2.34

_

2.33

_

2.32

_

2.31

_

2.30

_

199

_

199

_

196

-

192

_

188

_

185

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

3.98

3.56

3.32

3.08

3.03

3.62

3.85

4.13

4.08

3.81

3.44

3.11

815

693

612

522

502

711

780

852

840

768

654

534

March 18

3.75

3.70

3.21

2.92

2.79

2.73

2.72

2.72

2.69

2.66

2.65

2.63

750

735

574

454

395

365

360

360

346

332

328

318

March 24

_

2.30

_

2.30

_

2.30

_

2.29

_

2.29

_

2.28

_

185

_

185

_

185

_

182

_

182

_

178

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

_

2.87

_

2.74

_

2.67

_

2.61

_

2.56

2.52

_

432

_

370

_

336

_

310

_

287

269

March 19

_

2.57

_

2.52

_

2.49

_

2.48

_

2.47

_

2.46

_

292

_

269

_

256

_

252

_

248

_

244

March 25

_

2.27

_

2.27

_

2.26

_

2.25

_

2.25

_

2.24

_

174

_

174

_

171

_

16B

_

168

_

164
POTOMAC RIVER BASIN ] 

Difficult Run near Great Palls, Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°58'331', long. 77°14'46", 300 feet below Rocky Run, 0.7 mile above 

mouth, and if miles southeast of Great Palls, Fairfax County.

Drainage area.- 58 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for period Mar. 23-25, when a 

graph was used based on shape of stage graph for Rock Creek at Sherrill Drive, 

Washington, D. C. Gage not operating Feb. 1-14 and Mar. 23-28.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 700 secondfeet; extended to peak stage on basis of velocity-area study.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge during March flood, 735 second-feet 2 a.m. Mar. 12 (gage 

height, 6»68 feet)f during year, 1,810 second-feet June 13 (gage height, 10.58 

feet).

1934-35: Discharge, 810 second-feet Sept. 6, 1935 (gage height, 7.03 feet).

Remarks.- Discharge for Feb. 1-14 and Mar. 26-28 computed on basis of records for 

station on Rock Creek at Sherrill Drive, Washington, D. C.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

40

40

42

50

65

50

44

46

50

50

Mar.

122

96

90

96

104

89

79

74

76

81

Apr.

82

87

101

85

79

146

117

91

85

182

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

46

48

50

450

586

260

170

392

123

92

Mar.

328

598

215

129

106

94

207

304

144

132

Apr.

136

108

96

85

82

78

72

69

69

67

Day

21

22

23

24

25

2R

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

84

67

64

112

450

524

405

194

136

3.03

Mar.

275

131

105

100

98

96

120

200

111

94

87

2.94

Apr.

66

64

64

63

61

63

62

62

60

58

1.63

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

w

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet |Sec.ft.

March 8

3.68

3.68

3.67

3.65

3.63

3.62

3.62

3.63

3.64

3.65

3.66

3.67

77

77

76

74

72

71

71

72

73

74

75

7&

March 14

4.24

4.22

4.18

4.16

4.13

4.12

4.10

4.08

4.07

4.05

4.03

4.02

145

142

136

133

129

128

125

122

121

118

116

115

March 20

4.08

4.06

4.03

4.02

4.00

3.98

3.97

3.97

3.96

3.97

4.75

5.25

122

120

116

115

112

110

108

108

107

108

230

355

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.67

3.67

3.67

3.67

3.67

3.67

3.67

3.67

3.67

3.68

3.70

3.71

76

76

76

76

76

76

76

76

76

77

79

80

March 15

4.01

3.99

3.98

3.97

3.95

3.94

3.93

3.92

3.91

3.90

3.88

3.87

113

111

110

108

106

105

104

102

101

100

98

97

March 21

5.61

5.65

5.30

5.00

4.86

4.77

4.71

4.62

4.53

4.44

4.35

4.28

460

474

370

286

253

234

222

206

190

175

162

151

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.72

3.72

3.72

3.72

3.72

3.70

3.70

3.70

3.70

3.72

3.75

3.79

81

81

81

81

81

79

79

79

79

81

84

88

Mar oh 16

3.87

3.87

3.86

3.85

3.85

3.84

3.83

3.83

3.82

3.82

3.83

3.82

97

97

96

94

94

93

92

92

91

91

92

91

March 22

4.25

4.22

4.18

4.17

4.13

4.11

4.07

4.05

4.03

4.02

4.01

4.00

146

142

136

135

129

126

121

118

116

115

113

112

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.86

3.92

3.96

4.06

4.42

4.80

5.18

5.62

5.84

6.30

6.57

6.66

96

102

107

120

172

240

334

460

526

635

710

735

March 17

3.82

3.82

3.82

3.82

3.82

3.82

3.82

3.82

4.40

5.92

6.29

6.38

91

91

91

91

91

91

91

91

169

538

635

660

March 23

3.99'

3.98

3.97

3.96

3.95

3.94

3.93

3.92

3.92

3.92

3.91

3.91

111

110

108

107

106

105

104

102

102

102

101

101

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 12

6.68

6.64

6.40

5.73

5.24

5.63

6.02

6.24

6.37

6.40

6.38

6.02

735

710

660

501

352

474

562

622

660

660

660

562

March 18

6.37

6.09

5.23

4.91

4.74

4.63

4.59

4.57

4.55

4.50

4.43

4.38

660

586

349

264

228

207

200

197

194

185

174

166

March 24

3.91

3.91

3.91

3.91

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.89

3.89

3.89

3.89

101

101

101

101

100

100

100

100

99

99

99

99

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

5.21

4.99

4.83

4.71

4.62

4.53

4.47

4.40

4.34

4.30

4.27

4.26

343

284

247

222

206

190

180

169

160

154

150

148

March 19

4.35

4.32

4.28

4.26

4.24

4.23

4.21

4.18

4.16

4.15

4.13

4.11

162

157

151

148

145

144

140

136

133

132

129

126

March 25

3.89

3.89

3.89

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.87

3.87

3.87

99

99

99

98

98

98

98

98

98

97

97

97
FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 FOTOMAC, JAMES, ASD UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Rock Creek at Sherrill Drive, Washington, D. C.

long. 77°2'25", 600 feet below Sherrill Drive highway bridge, 

miles above mouth. Zero of gage is 148.99 feet above mean

Location.- Lat. 380 58'21n

 In Rock Creek Park, 7§

sea level,

Drainage area.- 62.2 square miles. 

Ga^e-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-11, 14. Defined by current-meter

measurements below 3,110 second-feet. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge during year, 1,600 second-feet 4 a.m. Jan. 4 (gage height,

 6738 feet); during March, 730 second-feet 10 p.m. Mar. 12.

1929-35: Discharge, 4,460 second-feet Aug. 24, 1933 (gage height, 11.6 feet).

Hean discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

5

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

42

42

44

50

60

50

46

47

50

52

Mar.

126

95

85

95

99

91

79

73

75

83

Apr.

102

95

89

81

77

119

119

95

103

200

Day

11

12

15

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

48

50

53

410

712

414

200

423

121

73

Mar.

206

569

281

145

121

119

161

588

170

152

Apr.

200

138

89

85

85

81

75

73

71

71

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-of f , in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

69

64

55

99

598

779

492

242

148

184

3.19

Mar.

260

152

121

117

114

112

131

232

126

108

104

2.87

Apr.

69

67

66

66

64

66

67

64

64

62

Qf\ -I

1.62

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

a

&

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

U

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec . ft .

March 8

_

1.72

_

1.72

_

1.71

_

1.71

_

1.71

_

1.71

_

75

_

75

_

73

73

_

73

_

73

March 14

-

2.10

_

2.06

_

2.03

_

2.01

_

1.99

_

1.98

-

160

_

150

_

142

_

158

_

135

150

March 20

_

2.12

-

2.10

_

2.07

-

2.05

-

2.04

2.08

2.18

_

165

_

160

_

152

_

148

_

142

155

181

Feet Sec.ft,

March 9

_

1.71

_

1.71

_

1.72

_

1.72

_

1.73

_

1.73

_

73

..

73

_

75

_

75

_

77

_

77

March 15

_

1.97

_

1.96

_

1.95

_

1.95

_

1.94

1.94

-

128

_

126

_

124

_

124

_

121

121

March 21

2.29

2.58

2.48

2.66

2.81

2.77

2.61

2.46

2.37

2.31

2.27

2.22

210

235

264

319

365

353

303

258

233

216

205

191

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

_

1.74

_

1.76

_

1.76

_

1.76

_

1.77

_

1.77

_

79

_

83

_

83

_

83

_

85

_

85

March 16

-

1.93

_

1.92

_

1.92

_

1.94

_

1.96

1.96

-

119

_

117

_

117

_

121

_

126

126

March 22

2.18

2.14

2.11

2.08

_

2.04

_

2.02

_

2.00

_

1.98

181

170

163

155

_

145

-

140

_

135

_

130

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

1.79

1.81

1.83

1.89

1.94

2.01

2.14

2.36

2.56

2.82

3.21

5.50

89

93

97

110

121

138

170

230

288

368

495

593

March 17

-

1.97

_

1.98

_

2.00

_

2.02

2.07

2.55

2.52

2.72

-

128

_

130

_

155

_

140

152

227

276

557

March 23

_

1.97

-

1.95

_

1.94

-

1.94

_

1.95

_

1.93

-

128

-

124

-

121

-

121

-

119

_

119

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

3.60

3.62

3.60

3.40

3.05

2.98

3.07

3.19

3.50

3.78

3.88

3.73

627

634

627

559

442

420

449

489

593

688

723

671

March 18

3.26

3.68

3.82

3.62

5.05

2.69

2.52

2.41

2.54

2.50

2.27

2.26

512

654

702

634

442

528

276

244

224

213

205

202

March 24

_

1.95

-

1.95

_

1.95

-

1.95

_

1.95

_

1.93

_

119

-

119

-

119

-

119

-

119

_

119

Feet Sec.ft.

March 15

5.27

2.91

2.71

2.54

2.44

2.57

2.52

2.27

2.23

2.20

2.17

2.15

515

397

334

282

253

233

219

205

194

186

178

175

March 19

-

2.22

_

2.17

_

2.14

_

2.11

_

2.10

_

2.09

-

191

_

178

_

170

_

165

-

160

_

158

March 25

-

1.93

-

1.92

-

1.92

-

1.92

-

1.92

_

1.92

-

119

-

117

-

117

-

117

-

117

-

117

Supplemental records.- Mar. 12, 5 a.m., 5.63 ft., 637 sec.-ft.
RAPPAHANHOCK RIVER BASIN

Rappahannock River at Kellys Ford, Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°29 ! , long. 77°47 ! , at highway bridge at Kellys Ford, Culpeper County,

2 miles above mouth of Mountain Run and 5 miles south of Remington. 

yralnage area.- 641 square Miles. 

T record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for periods Feb. 7-16, when there

was no record, and 4 p.m. Mar. 19 to 4 p.m. Mar. 22, when it was based on shape of

stage graphs at nearby stations. 

" :ap:e -discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-6. Defined by current-aieter measurements below 6,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with other

records in Rappahannock River Basin. 

l>xima.- 1936: Discharge, 15,900 second-feet 2 to 2:30 p.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 13.55

1925-35: Maximum discharge observed, 18,600 second-feet Oct. 23, 1929 (ease 

height, 20.65 feet).

Maximum known stage, 22.9 feet, from flood marks, Oct. 1885 (discharge not 

determined) .

remarks.- Discharge for periods of nissing record determined on basis of records for stations at Fredericks burg and in Rapidan River near Culpeper.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1,000

800

900

1,000

900

800

750

70(T

900

1,100

Mar.

1,660

1,350

1,200

1,140

1,110

1,080

960

903

846

846

Apr.

1,080

1,050

1,200

990

904

1,590

1,660

1,170

1,110

1,760

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,000

900

950

4,500

8,000

6,000

3,500

3,140

1,740

1,140

Mar.

2,360

5,550

4,510

2,560

1,940

1,590

2,920

14,000

8,250

4,300

Apr.

1,450

1,320

1,230

1,080

990

990

876

820

792

766

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

1,050

903

846

1, 020

1,760

3,680

3,590

2,880

1,870

1,977

3.32

Mar.

4,850

3,350

2,400

2,010

1,870

1,590

1,480

1,870

1,520

1,260

1,170

2,660

4.78

Apr.

739

686

661

636

616

611

601

591

586

562

971

1.68

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

1&

o

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

4.03

4.02

4.02

4.01

4.00

4.00

3 99

s!98

3.98

3.97

3.96

3.95

932

503

903

903

903

903

903

903

903

874

874

874

March 14

6.88

6.75

6.63

6.51

6.41

6.32

6.23

6.15

6.08

6.00

5.94

5.88

2,960

2,880

2,720

2,640

2,560

2,480

2,400

2,400

2,320

2,240

2,160

2,160

March 20

8.90

8.70

8.50

8.38

8.26

8.18

8.08

8.00

8.00

8.08

8.20

8.40

4,850

4,650

4,450

4,350

4,250

4,150

4,050

3,950

3,950

4,050

4,150

4,350

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.95

3.94

3.93

3.92

3.92

3.92

3.93

3.92

3.88

3.88

3.90

3.90

874

874

874

846

846

846

874

846

846

846

846

846

March 15

5.83

5.77

5.72

5.66

5.62

5.57

5.53

5.48

5.43

5.40

5.36

5.32

2,080

2,080

2,010

2,010

1,940

1,940

1,870

1,870

1,800

1,800

1,760

1,730

March 21

8.60

8.88

9.12

9.25

9.30

9.22

9.14

9.02

8.88

8.68

8.50

8.30

4,550

4,850

5,050

5,150

5,250

5,150

5,050

4,950

4,850

4,650

4,450

4,250

Feet Sec . ft .

March 10

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.88

3.85

3.85

3.86

3.86

3.87

3.88

3.89

846

846

846

846

846

818

818

818

818

818

846

846

March 16

5.27

5.23

5.18

5.15

5.13

5.10

5.08

5.05

5.03

5.00

4.96

4.93

1,700

1,700

1,660

1,620

1,620

1,590

1,590

1,560

1,560

1,520

1,480

1,480

March 22

8.10

7.92

7.72

7.58

7.42

7.26

7.12

7.00

6.90

6.80

6.72

6.62

4,050

3,860

3,680

3,590

3,410

3,320

3,140

3,050

2,960

2,880

2,800

2,720

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.90

3.91

3.97

4.10

4.50

5.22

5.78

6.46

7.50

8.74

9 57

lo!o8

846

846

874

960

1,200

1,660

2,080

2,640

3,500

4,650

5,550

6,080

March 17

4.92

4.89

4.87

4.86

4.88

5.20

5.55

5.90

7.50

10.00

11.50

12.45

1,450

1,450

1,420

1,420

1,450

1,660

1,940

2,160

3,500

5,970

7,620

8,610

March 23

6.53

6.43

6.37

6.31

6.27

6.22

6.18

6.13

6.08

6.04

5.99

5.94

2,640

2,560

2,560

2,480

2,480

2,400

2,400

2,320

2,320

2,240

2,240

2,160

Feet Sec . ft .

March 12

10.17

10.03

9.66

9.27

9.00

8.96

9.13

9.38

9.64

9.88

10.14

10.23

6,190

5,970

5,650

5,250

4,950

4,950

5,050

5,350

5,550

5,860

6,080

6,190

March 18

13.40

15.00

16.70

17.77

18.37

18.54

18.55

18.45

18.08

17.62

17.06

16.45

9,710

11,600

13,600

14,900

15,700

15,800

15,900

15,700

15,300

14,700

14,100

13,200

March 24

5.90

5.85

5.80

5.78

5.74

5.72

5.70

5.67

5.65

5.63

5.63

5.61

2,160

2,080

2,080

2,080

2,010

2,010

2,010

2,010

1,940

1,940

1,940

1,940

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

10.18

9.90

9.57

9.12

8.70

8.32

8.02

7.77

7.55

7.34

7.17

7.03

6,190

5,860

5,550

5,050

4,650

4,250

3,950

3,770

3,590

3,320

3,230

3,050

March 19

15.75

15.00

14.00

13.15

12.29

11.50

10.84

10.33

9.90

9.58

9.28

9.06

12,500

11,600

10,400

9,490

8,500

7,620

6,850

6,300

5,860

5,550

5,250

5,050

March 25

5.61

5.62

5.62

5.60

5.57

5.52

5.47

5.43

5.39

5.36

5.34

5.32

1,940

1,940

1,940

1,940

1,940

1,870

1,870

1,800

1,800

1,760

1,760

1,730

Supplemental records.- Her. 18, 2 to 2:30 p.m., 18.55 ft., 15,900 sec.-ft.
130 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Rapidan River near Culpeper, Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°21', long. 77°59', at highway bridge half a mile above Cedar Run

and 8 1/2 miles south of Culpeper, Culpeper County. 

Drainage area.- 465 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. No record Feb. 12, 13, 21-23.

near control section and comparison or pealc discharge ana total, run-on 01 IJ.OOCL

with records for other streams in Rappahannock River Basin,

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 9,310 second-feet 9 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 19.25 feet), 

1930-35: Discharge, 9,490 second-feet Sept. 17, 1934 (gage height, 19.54

feet). 

Remarks.- Discharge for period of missing record determined on basis of records for

stations at Fredericksburg and Kellys Ford.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

808

788

781

738

804

660

580

550

700

900

Mar.

1,020

919

858

806

776

726

668

622

601

575

Apr.

778

785

897

711

659

1,600

1,520

1,110

1,020

1,510

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

800

700

750

3,130

3,660

2,530

1,810

2,900

1,710

1,100

Mar.

1,550

3,160

2,660

1,650

1,360

1,190

3,350

8,290

4,000

2,490

Apr.

1,190

1,050

970

884

846

818

729

678

646

616

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

1,000

850

750

894

1,200

1,610

1,550

1,340

1,100

2.93

Mar.

2r740

1,890

1,540

1,360

1,240

1,120

1,050

1,100

965

890

838

1,678

4.16

Apr.

586

544

518

498

478

466

456

443

426

418

795

1.91

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

|

s

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

2.38

2.37

2.37

2.37

2.36

2.36

2.36

2.36

2.35

2.35

2.35

2,35

634

627

627

627

619

619

619

619

611

611

611

611

March 14

4.38

4.26

4.17

4.09

4.02

4.00

3.95

3.88

3.84

3.76

3.72

3.69

1,870

1,820

1,760

1,710

1,650

1,650

1,650

1,590

1,530

1,530

1,470

1,470

March 20

6.15

6.00

5.88

5.72

5.57

5.46

5.32

5.25

5.16

5.09

5.07

5.35

2,850

2,750

2,690

2,590

2,530

2,480

2,370

2,320

2,320

2,260

2,260

2,420

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

2.35

2.35

2.35

2.34

2.33

2.34

2.35

2.34

2.34

2.33

2.32

2.32

611

611

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

2.31

2.31

6111 2.31

603 j 2.30

595! 2.30

603

611

603

603

595

588

588

March 15

3.65

3.61

3.58

3.55

3.53

3.52

3,50

3.46

3.44

3.41

3.39

3.36

1,440

1,420

1,420

1,390

1,390

1,360

1,360

1,330

1,330

1,300

1,300

1,270

March 21

5.69

5.99

6.25

6.53

6.72

6.69

6.44

6.02

5.71

5.51

5.26

5.10

2,590

2,750

2,850

3,010

3,110

3,110

2,950

2,750

2,590

2,480

2,370

2,260

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.29

2.28

2.29

580

580

580

572

572

572

572

572

572

565

557

565

Mar oh 16

3.33

3.30

3.28

3,25

3.23

3.20

3.20

3.18

3.16

3.15

3.13

3.12

1,270

1,240

1,240

1,210

1,210

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,150

1,150

1,150

1,120

March 22

4.93

4.80

4.67

4.59

4.47

4.41

4.34

4.25

4.17

4.12

4.05

4.00

2,150

2,100

2,040

1,990

1,930

1,870

1,820

1,760

1,760

1,710

1,650

1,650

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

2.31

2.33

2.40

2.58

2.90

3.35

3.88

4.74

5.70

6.20

6.38

6.27

580

595

650

789

998

1,270

1,590

2,040

2,590

2,850

2,950

2,900

March 17

3.10

3.09

3,08

3.10

3.16

3.45

6.40

10.25

13.70

14.85

15.68

16.60

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,150

1,330

2,950

4,770

6,430

6,950

7,400

7,860

March 23

3.95

3.92

3.89

3.86

3.85

3.80

3.78

3.75

3.71

3.70

3. 5

3.63

1,650

1,590

1,590

1,590

1,530

1,530

1,530

1,530

1,470

1,470

1,440

1,440

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

5.96

5.VO

5.50

5.30

5.38

5.87

6.70

7.83

8,58

8.83

8.73

8.35

2,750

2,590

2,480

2,370

2,420

2,690

3,110

3,660

4,040

4,130

4,-080

3,940

March 18

17.60

18.40

18.94

19.22

19.22

18.85

18.23

17.38

16.36

15.05

13.77

12.55

8,390

8,840

9,130

9,310

9,310

9,080

8,730

8,290

7 r760

7.050

6 ,,470

5,900

March 24

3.62

3.58

3,57

3.54

3.52

3.50

3.48

3.46

3.44

3.44

3.42

3.40

1,420

1,420

1,390

1,390

1,360

1,360

1,360

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,300

1,300

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

7.81

7.10

6.55

6.17

5.83

5.55

5.34

5.16

4.93

4.77

4.58

4.45

3,660

3,310

3,060

2,850

2,640

2,530

2,370

2,320

2,150

2,100

1,990

1,870

March 19

11.40

10.45

9.70

9,15

8.66

8.24

7.76

7.44

7.12

6.86

6.60

6.36

5,320

4,860

4,540

4,310

4,080

3,850

3,660

3,460

3-310

3,210

3,060

2,350

March 25

3.38

3.36

3.35

3.32

3,31

3.30

3.28

3.26

3,25

3.23

3.21

3.19

1,300

1,270

1,270

1,240

1,240

Ir240

1,240

1,210

1,210

1,210

1,180

1,180

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 9 a.m., 19.25 ft., 9,310 sec.-ft.
YORK RIVER BASIS 131 

North Anna River near Doswell, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°53'15", long. 77°29 I 15", at old Ox Ford, 1 mile above highway bridge

on U.S. Highway 1 and 2i miles north of Doswell, Caroline CountyDrainage area,- 439 square miles. 

Page-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-18. Defined by current-meter measurements below 4,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near

control section.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge during March flood, 5,020 second-feet 11:30 a.m. Mar. 19, 

 (gage height, 13.64 feet); during year, 10,600 second-feet Jan. 4 (gage height, 22.68

feet). ,

1929-35: Discharge, 9,660 second-feet during flood of Sept. 5-8, 1935 (gage

height, 21.19 feet, from flood marks).

Mean discharge, In second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

e

7

8

9

10

Feb.

800

900

800

900

1,400

1,500

1,100

950

1,000

1,200

Mar.

916

808

736

705

663

624

578

542

522

510

Apr.

592

629

1,180

905

664

869

1,460

1,000

728

1,230

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,100

1,000

950

2,800

2,400

3,000

3,600

2,300

2,390

1,370

Mar.

810

2,090

3,010

1,730

967

800

780

2,420

4,350

1,870

Apr.

1,510

1,090

862

732

661

706

636

538

501

480

Day

21

22

23

24

25

2fi

27

28

29

30

31

"v.»i-of f , in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

920

742

646

706

1,160

1,790

1,840

1,640

1,130

1,449

3.56

Mar.

1,610

1,540

1,020

859

779

720

678

880

920

710

644

1,155

3.03

Apr.

479

459

454

426

406

395

410

394

378

361

1.78

gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

|

£

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet | Sec. ft.

March 8

2.49

2.48

2.47

2.46

2.44

2.44

2.43

2.43

2.42

2.42

2.41

2.41

556

556

539

539

539

539

539

539

522

522

522

522

March 14

8.59

8.00

7.38

6.77

6.23

5.82

5.43

5.13

4.88

4.65

4.48

4.33

2,550

2,340

2,140

1,930

1,730

1,600

1,470

1,370

1,310

1,210

1,180

1,120

March 20

8.28

7.78

7.36

7.01

6.72

6.45

6.18

5.93

5.71

5.52

5.38

5.26

2,440

2,270

2,140

2,000

1,900

1,800

1,730

1,630

1,560

1,500

1,470

1,440

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

2.40

2.39

2.39

2.38

2.37

2.38

2.38

2.40

2.39

2.37

2.37

2.36

522

522

522

522

504

522

522

522

522

504

504

504

March 15

4.21

4.09

3.98

3.91

3.84

3.77

3.71

3.66

3.61

3.57

3.52

3.51

1,080

1,050

1,020

992

962

962

932

932

902

902

872

872

March 21

5.21

5.20

5.31

5.47

5.61

5.78

5.96

6.13

6.33

6.45

6.51

6.49

1,400

1,400

1,440

1,500

1,530

1,600

1,660

1,690

1,760

1,800

1,830

1,830

Feet Sec.ft.

March ID

2.35

2.35

2.36

2.36

2.35

2.35

2.36

2.37

2.37

2.36

2.37

2.37

504

504

504

504

504

504

504

504

504

504

504

504

March 16

3.48

3.41

3.33

3.28

3.26

3.23

3.22

3.19

3.16

3.12

3.11

3.08

872

842

812

812

812

782

782

782

782

752

752

752

March 22

6.40

6.27

6.12

5.97

5.8?

5.67

5.50

5.30

5.12

4.92

4.75

4.60

1,800

1,760

1,690

1,660

1,600

1,560

1,500

1,440

1,370

1,310

1,280

1,210

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

2.37

2.43

2.52

2.62

2.80

3.03

3.40

3.70

4.03

4.34

4.68

5.05

504

539

556

590

656

736

842

932

1,020

1,120

1,240

1,340

March 17

3.09

3.09

3.10

3.10

3.08

3.07

3.08

3.08

3.21

3.47

3.67

3.77

752

752

752

752

752

736

752

752

782

872

932

962

March 23

4.45

4.31

4.20

4.08

3.99

3.95

3.87

3.81

3.75

3.72

3.67

3.63

1,150

1,120

1,080

1,050

1,020

1,020

992

962

962

932

932

902

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

5.38

5.67

5.94

6.14

6.40

6.85

7.65

8.23

8.85

9.12

9.27

9.40

1,470

1,560

1,630

1,690

1,800

1,930

2,200

2,410

2,630

2,740

2,820

2,870

March 18

4.07

4.63

5.58

6.53

7.38

8.07

8.83

9.60

10.38

10.98

11.53

12.01

1,050

1,210

1,530

1,830

2,140

2,370

2,630

2,950

3,320

3,610

3,870

4,140

March 24

3.60

3.58

3.53

3.51

3.48

3.47

3.44

3.42

3.37

3.32

3.30

3.26

902

902

872

872

872

872

842

842

842

812

812

812

Feet | Sec. ft.

March 13

9.59

9.77

9.87

9.93

9.93

9.92

9.92

9.89

9.83

9.70

9.47

9.12

2,950

3,040

3,080

3,080

3,080

3,080

3,080

3,080

3,040

2,990

2,910

2,740

March 19

12.45

12.83

13.16

13.41

13.60

13.63

13.45

12.93

12.08

10.98

9.93

8.98

4,350

4,580

4,800

4,910

5,020

5,020

4,910

4,630

4,190

3,610

3,080

2,700

March 25

3.25

3.25

3.24

3.22

3.20

3.19

3.18

3.17

3.13

3.12

3.09

3.06

782

782

782

782

782

782

782

782

752

752

752

736

Supplemental records.- Mar. 19, 11:30 a.m., 13.64 ft., 5,020 sec.-ft.
132 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

South Anna River near Ashland, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°48', long. 77°33', at highway bridge 5 miles northeast of Ashland, 

Hanover County, and 5 miles above Newfound River.

Drainage area.- 393 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for period 5 p.m. Mar. 12 to 3 

p.m. Mar. 14, when intake was partially stopped and record was based on. shape of 

stage graph for North Anna River near Doswell.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 14, 15. Defined by current-meter measurements below 4,500 second-feet; extended to peak stage of September 1935 flood by 

velocity-area study near control section.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 4,030 second-feet 4 a.m. Mar. 21 {gage height, 12.79 feet).

1930-35: Discharge, 7,230 second-feet (revised) Sept. 6, 1935 (gage height, 

19.04 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

.Feb.

674

776

695

840

1,260

1,440

906

811

850

1,050

Mar.

635

562

516

480

450

418

392

367

351

346

Apr.

496

540

876

872

607

731

1,290

1,110

707

1,100

Day

11

12

1.1

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,020

922

784

2,000

2,600

2,600

2,790

3,060

2,190

1,650

Mar.

791

1,540

2,550

1,920

809

590

584

1,320

1,960

3,150

Apr.

1,370

1,130

841

668

586

614

576

496

433

412

Day

21

22

8.1

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

816

613

500

485

593

953

1,170

1,060

866

3.41

Mar.

3,660

1,570

921

660

580

536

577

861

890

672

549

2.95

Apr.

388

375

400

396

366

342

336

340

326

312

1.81

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

w

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

3.78

3.77

3.77

3.75

3.74

3.74

3.74

3.74

3.74

3.72

3.72

3.72

382

368

368

368

368

368

368

368

568

354

354

354

March 14

9.50

9.28

9.02

8.73

8.41

8. 13

7.80

7.50

7.22

6.83

6.40

6.01

2,510

2,430

2,300

2,170

2,050

1,930

1,810

1,690

1T 580

1,430

1,280

1,140

March 20

9.15

9.42

9.80

10.20

10.60

10.99

11.36

11.70

12.00

12.24

12.43

12.60

2,380

2r470

2,640

2,820

3,000

3,180

3,360

3,510

3,650

3,750

3,840

3,940

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.71

3.70

3.70

3.69

3.68

3.68

3.72

3.80

3.70

3.55

3.61

3.64

354

354

354

351

348

348

354

382

354

313

329

337

March 15

5.70

5.49

5.33

5.20

5.09

5.00

4.90

4.84

4.78

4,73

4.68

4.63

1,030

960

906

852

816

780

744

726

708

690

672

654

March 21

12.72

12.79

12.77

12.72

12.60

12.45

12.20

11.87

11.45

11.00

10.45

9.75

3,990

4,030

4,030

3,990

3,940

3,840

3,750

3,600

3,360

3,180

2,910

2,640

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.65

3.65

3.65

5.65

3.65

3.65

3.66

3.67

3.68

3.70

3.73

3.76

340

340

340

340

340

340

343

346

348

354

368

368

March 16

4.60

4.56

4.52

4.50

4.44

4.40

4.42

4.42

4.38

4.36

4.34

4.33

636

619

602

602

585

568

568

568

568

551

551

551

March 22

8.95

8.12

7.45

7,05

6,90

6.77

6.68

6,60

6.51

6.42

6.30

6.17

2,300

1,930

1,660

1.500

1,470

1,430

1,390

1,360

1,320

1-280

1,250

1,210

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3,82

3,96

4.20

4.73

5.25

5.50

5.64

5.72

5.70

5.62

5.50

5.40

382

425

502

690

870

960

996

1,030

1,030

996

960

924

March 17

4.33

4.33

4,32

4.30

4.29

4.28

4.28

4.33

4.49

4.70

5.00

5.21

551

551

534

534

534

534

534

551

602

672

780

852

March 23

6.02

5.86

5,71

5.56

5.43

5,30

5.20

5.11

5.02

4.95

4.90

4.85

1,140

1,100

1,030

996

924

888

852

816

780

762

744

726

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

5.38

5.50

5.73

5.98

6,35

6.95

7.63

8,08

8,38

8.62

8,81

9.03

924

960

1,030

1,140

1,280

1,500

1,730

1,930

2,050

2,130

2,220

2,300

March 18

5,42

5.62

5,80

6.04

6.34

6.65

6.89

7.06

7.22

7.34

7.44

7.55

924

996

1,070

1,140

1,250

1,360

1,470

1,540

1,580

1,620

1,660

1,730

March 24

4,80

4.76

4.72

4,69

4.66

4.63

4.62

4.60

4.58

4.57

4.54

4,51

708

690

672

672

654

654

636

636

636

619

619

602

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

9.20

9.34

9.48

9.61

9,68

9.74

9.78

9.82

9.81

9.78

9,72

9.63

2,380

2,430

2,510

2,550

2,600

2,600

2,640

2,640

2,640

2,640

2,600

2,550

March 19

7.66

7.77

7.89

7.98

8.08

8.18

8.26

8.36

8.48

8.59

8.73

8.92

1,770

1,810

1,850

1,890

1,930

1,970

2,010

2,050

2,090

2,130

2,170

2,260

March 25

4.49

4.47

4.45

4.44

4.42

4.43

4.42

4.41

4.39

4.37

4,36

4.35

602

585

585

585

568

585

568

568

56^

551

551

551
JAMES RIVER BASIN -" "

Jackson River at Palling Spring, Va. 

(Formerly published as Jackson River at Barber, Va.)

Location.- Lat. 37°52<36«, long. 79°58'39n , at Smiths highway bridge,! mile from Fall-

 ing Spring (formerly called Barber), Allegheny County, and lur miles below Palling

Spring Creek. Zero of gage is 1,333.49 feet above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 409 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. ,_,_-, , CAn * 

Slage-dlscharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 3,500 seeond-

 feet and extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near control section and comparison of instantaneous flow and total run-off of flood with determinations for 

other streams in James River Basin.

Ma^mg.- 1936: Discharge, 14,100 second-feet 8 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 14.74

* 1925-35: Discharge, 9,590 second-feet (revised) Jan. 23, 1935 (gage height,

Previously published stage of 25.6 feet for peak of March 1913 flood is considered doubtful and is disregarded.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

321

307

304

331

446

370

324

290

300

280

Mar.

1,230

1,050

912

804

728

728

680

612

568

533

Apr.

1,050

1,080

1,140

968

858

3,170

3,200

1,920

1,570

2,390

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

280

277

297

4,010

4,290

2,980

2,100

3,200

2,200

1,540

Mar.

559

704

728

657

657

753

8,110

8,030

3,550

2,980

Apr.

1,970

1,640

1,400

1,200

1,050

940

804

728

657

612

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-of f , in inches ............................................

Feb.

1,170

940

728

657

830

2,340

2,980

2,200

1,540

3.44

Mar.

3,430

2,490

2,240

2,240

2,100

1,680

1,920

2,290

1,880

1,500

1,230

5.23

Apr.

555

512

475

442

414

392

377

355

341

324

2.96

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

fc

w

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

4.74

4.72

4.70

4.69

4.68

4.66

4.65

4.64

4.64

4.62

4.61

4.60

657

634

634

634

634

612

612

613

612

590

590

590

March 14

4.82

4.81

4.80

4.78

4.76

4.76

4.74

4.72

4.70

4.70

4.70

4.70

680

680

680

680

657

657

657

634

634

634

634

634

March 20

8.00

8.00

7.97

7.92

7.86

7.78

7.72

7.66

7.02

7.60

7.77

8.24

3,200

3,200

3,200

3,090

3,090

2,980

2,870

2,870

2,760

2,760

2,980

3,430

Feet See.ft.

March 9

4.59

4.57

4.56

4.55

4.55

4.54

4.53

4.53

4.53

4.51

4.51

4.50

586

577

572

568

568

564

559

559

559

550

550

546

March 15

4.70

4.70

4.70

4.70

4.72

4.75

4.78

4.81

4.83

4.84

4.86

4.86

634

634

634

634

634

657

680

680

 34

704

704

704

March 21

8.34

8.48

8.57

8.57

8.48

8.35

8.22

8.10

8.00

7.92

7.84

7.77

3,550

3,790

3,910

3,910

3,790

3,670

3,430

3,310

3,200

3,090

2,980

2,980

Feet See.ft.

March 10

4.50

4.49

4.48

4.47

4.46

4.45

4.45

4.45

4.45

4.45

4.45

4.45

546

542

538

533

529

525

525

525

525

525

525

525

March 16

4.86

4.87

4.88

4.88

4.88

4.88

4.88

4.87

4.90

5.07

5.31

5.37

704

704

728

728

728

728

728

704

728

804

940

968

March 22

7.70

7.63

7.55

7.47

7.38

7.30

7.22

7.16

7.11

7.05

7.01

6.98

2,870

2,760

2,700

2,600

2,540

2,440

2,340

2,290

2,240

2,200

2,150

2,150

Feet See.ft.

March 11

4.45

4.45

4.47

4.48

4.50

4.50

4.52

4.54

4.56

4.58

4.62

4.65

525

525

533

538

546

546

555

564

572

581

590

612

March 17

5.68

7.09

8.55

10.00

10.90

11.60

IE. 30

13.15

14.12

14.74

14.62

14.30

1,170

2,240

3,910

5,830

7,220

8,370

9,590

11,300

13,000

14,100

13, 900

13,400

March 23

6.98

7.04

7.14

7.20

7.22

7.19

7.15

7.10

7»05

7.01

6.97

6.93

2,150

2,200

2,290

2,340

2,340

2,340

2,290

2,240

2,200

2,150

2,100

2,100

Feet See.ft.

March 12

4.68

4.72

4.74

4.78

4.80

4.83

4.85

4.88

4.90

4.92

4.95

4.96

634

634

657

680

680

704

704

728

728

728

753

753

March 18

13.97

13.52

12.81

12.05

11.38

10.85

10.50

10.10

9.78

9.53

9.31

9.11

12,800

11,800

10,500

9,050

8,030

7,060

6,580

5,980

5,530

5,100

4,820

4,550

March 24

6.92

6.95

7.04

7.14

7.18

7.18

7.16

7.15

7.13

7.12

7.10

7.08

2,060

2,100

2,200

2,290

2,340

2,340

2,290

2,290

2,290

2,240

2,240

2,240

Feet See.ft.

March 13

4.96

4.96

4.96

4.96

4.95

4.92

4.91

4.90

4.88

4.86

4.85

4.84

753

753

753

753

753

728

728

728

728

704

704

704

March 19

8.92

8.74

8.60

8.46

8.32

8.20

8,10

8.03

7.99

7.98

7.98

7.99

4,290

4,030

3,910

3,790

3,550

3,430

3,310

3,200

3,200

3,200

3,200

3,200

March 25

7.06

7.06

7.05

7.04

7.02

6.99

6.95

6.90

6.85

6.80

6.75

6.70

2,200

2,200

2,200

2,200

2,150

2,150

2,100

2,060

2,OSO

1.970

1,920

1,880
134 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND TIPPER OHIO RIVERS

James River at Lick Run, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°47', long. 79°47', at highway bridge at Lick Run, Botetourt County,

 three-quarters of s. mile below confluence of Cowpasture and Jackson Rivers. Zero

of gsge is 978.30 feet above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 1,369 square miles. 

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 30,000 second-

 feet and extended to peak stage by velocity-EJ-ea study near control section and comparison of instantaneous flow and total run-off of flood with other determinations 

on the same or neighboring streams.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, £1,600 second-feet 2:30 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 25.65

1925-35: Discharge, 43,200 second-feet (revised) Jan. 23, 1935 (gage height, 

22 9^ feet)

1913*. Discharge, about 57,700 second-feet March 1913 (gage height, 27.2 

feet, from flood marks). , ,

1877: Discharge, about 65,800 second-feet Hovember (revised) 1877 (gage 

height, 29.1 feet, from flood marks).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1,120

1,240

1,200

1,280

1,620

1,520

1,330

1,120

1,200

1,160

Mar.

3,960

3,410

3,020

2,700

2,520

2,460

2,340

2,160

1,940

1,830

Apr.

3,540

3,680

5,120

3,820

3,280

8,500

12,200

6,680

5,120

7,700

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,040

965

1,160

11,800

18,000

12,800

7,880

11,000

8,790

5,720

Mar.

1,830

1,880

2,160

2,280

2,280

2,280

22,500

39,100

14,400

10,400

Apr.

6,360

5,270

4,520

3,820

3,410

3,220

2,820

2,460

2,160

1,940

Day

21

P.P.

23

24

?,5

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

4,240

3,410

2,760

2,460

2,520

5,880

8,790

7,360

4,970

4

C -ZQ

3.64

Mar.

13,700

9,550

7,700

7,360

6,680

5,570

5,880

7,700

6,360

5,120

4,240

5.58

Apr.

1,830

1,670

1,570

1,430

1,340

1,300

1,250

1,170

1,130

1,090

2.97

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

S

S

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec . ft .

March 8

4.28

4.26

4.25

4.23

4.21

4.20

4.18

4.16

4.15

4.14

4.12

4.1Q

2,280

2,220

2,220

2,220

2,160

2,160

3,160

3,100

2,100

2,100

2,050

2,050

March 14

4.30

4.30

4.31

4.31

4.32

4.32

4.33

4.33

4.33

4.35

4.33

4.32

2,280

2,280

2,280

2,280

2,280

3,280

2,340

2,340

2,340

2,340

2,340

2,280

March 20

9.66

9.66

9.65

9.62

9.55

9.46

9.35

9.21

9.08

8.98

9,02

9.27

11,000

11,000

10,800

10,800

10,800

10,600

10,400

9,950

9.750

9,550

9,550

10,200

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

4.09

4.07

4.06

4.05

4.04

4.02

4.01

4.00

3.99

3.97

3.96

3.95

2,050

2,000

2,000

3,000

2,000

1,940

1,940

1,940

1,940

1,880

1,880

1,880

March 15

4.32

4.32

4.33

4.33

4.32

4.32

4.33

4,32

4.32

4.32

4.32

4.32

2,280

2,280

2,340

2,540

2,280

2,280

2,340

2,280

2,280

2,280

2,280

2,280

March 21

9.59

10.00

11.10

11.75

11.86

11.80

11.71

11.53

11.23

10.90

10.55

10.23

10,800

11,600

13,900

15,500

15,700

15,500

15,200

14,800

14,100

13,500

12,800

12,000

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.94

3.93

3.92

3.92

3.91

3.90

3.89

3,89

3.89

3.88

3.88

3.88

1,880

1,880

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

March 16

4.32

4.32

4.32

4.32

4.32

4.31

4.31

4.31

4.31

4.31

4.31

4.31

2,380

2,280

2,280

2,280

2,280

2,280

2,280

2,280

2,280

3,280

2,280

2,280

March 22

9.93

9.71

9,55

9.40

9.28

9.12

8.83

8.60

8.42

8.25

8.10

8.00

11,400

11,000

10,800

10,400

10,200

9,750

9,170

8,790

8,420

8,060

7,880

7,700

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.88

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

March 17

4.32

4.35

6.20

8.82

12.15

14.69

17.05

19.40

21.50

22.94

23.75

24.59

2,280

2,340

4,820

9,170

16,400

22,200

27,^00

33,700

39, ICO

42,900

45,600

48,000

March 23

7.96

8.01

8.07

8.10

8.10

8.14

8.15

8.12

8.06

7.98

7.88

7.80

7,700

7,700

7,880

7,880

7,880

7,8BO

8,060

7,880

7,880

7,700

7,530

7,560

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

3.88

3.88

3.89

3.90

3.90

3«92

5.94

3.96

3.98

4.00

4.03

4.06

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,850

1,830

1,880

1,880

1,940

1,940

2,000

2,000

March 18

25.61

25.40

24.69

23.94

23.35

22.61

21.71

20.20

18.56

16.99

15.50

14.30

51,600

50,800

48,400

45,900

44,400

42,100

39,600

35,700

31,700

27,700

24,100

21, 200

March 24 n

7.74

7.71

7.74

7.76

7.77

7.77

7.V8

7.79

7.80

7.76

7.71

7.65

7,190

7,190

7,190

7,360

7,360

7,360

7,360

7,560

7,360

7,360

7,190

7,020

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

4.08

4.10

4.12

4.15

4.17

4.20

4.22

4.24

4.26

4.27

4.28

4.30

2,050

2,050

2,050

2,100

2,100

2,160

2,160

2,220

2,220

2,220

2,280

2,280

March 19

13.45

12.81

12.30

11.85

11.54

11.10

10.73

10.39

10.12

9.86

9.75

9,68

19,100

17,700

16,600

15,500

14,800

15,900

13,000

12,400

11,800

11,400

11, 200

11,000

March 25

7.60

7.56

7.52

7.48

7.46

7.45

7.58

7.32

7.26

7.19

7.12

7.05

7,020

7,020

6,850

6,850

6,850

6,680

6,680

6,520

6,520

6,360

6,200

6,040

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 2:30 a.m., 25,65 ft., 51,600 sec.-ft.
GEOLOGICAL SUBVEY WATEK-SUPPLY PAPEK 800 PLATE 11

A. CREST OF THE FLOOD ON THE POTOMAC RIVER AT POINT OF ROCKS, MD.

MARCH 17, 1936, 

Courtesy of Kelley's Studio & Camera Shop, Hagerstown, Md.

B. LOOKING DOWNSTREAM ON THE POTOMAC RIVER FLOOD AT HANCOCK,

MD., MARCH 18, 1936. 

Courtesy of Kelley's Studio & Camera Shop, Hagerstown, Md.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 12

A. FLOODED INDUSTRIAL SECTION OF RICHMOND, VA., ON THE JAMES RIVER.

Courtesy of the Richmond News Leader.

B. OVERFLOW FROM THE JAMES RIVER INUNDATES THE MAIN STREET OF

SCOTTSVILLE, VA4
JAMES RIVER BASIN 

James River at Buchanan, Va»

135

Location.- Lat. 37°31 l 50n , long. 79°40'45", at highway bridge near Chesapeake & Ohio 

Railway station,iBuchanan, Botetourt County. Zero of gage is 802.56 feet above mean 

sea level.

Drainage are a. - 2,084 square miles.

gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge reTation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 32,000 secondfeet; extended to peak stage on basis of velocity-area study near control section and 

determination of peak flow over dam at Balcony Palls; verified by comparison of peak 

discharge and total run-off of flood with records for other gaged areas in James 

River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 76,400 second-feet 11:30 a.m. Mar. IS (gage height, 26.80

1895-1935: Discharge, about 92,200 second-feet Mar. 27, 1913 (gage height, 31 

feet, from flood marks).

Remarks. - Information and assistance was furnished by the Virginia Public Service Company in computing the flow over its dam at Balcony Palls.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1,620

1,740

1,880

2,010

2,150

2,220

1,88C

1,560

1,680

1,810

Mar.

5,300

4,380

3,800

3,530

3,180

3,010

2,920

2,760

2,440

2,300

Apr.

5,510

5,300

7,290

6,380

5,200

7,330

20,400

11,800

8,010

10,600

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,540

1,370

1,790

15,600

30,100

22,300

13,600

14,800

15,400

9,540

Mar.

2,300

2,600

3,100

3,100

2,920

2,840

22,400

66,700

26,500

16,600

Apr.

10,600

8,510

7,060

5,940

5,090

4,670

4,070

3,580

3,120

2,860

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-of f , in inches ............................................

Feb.

6,830

5,510

4,2BO

3,620

3,350

4,980

9,540

10,100

7,060

3.57

Mar.

32,300

17, 200

12,100

10,900

9,810

8,260

7,770

11,200

10,600

8,260

6,600

9 925

6.49

Apr.

2,610

2,450

2,300

2,160

1,960

1,890

1,820

1,700

1,640

1,580

2.91

gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

[H

3o

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

4.08

4.08

4.07

4.06

4.04

4.03

4.01

4.00

3.99

3.97

3.96

3.95

2,840

2,840

2,760

2,760

2,760

2,760

2,680

2,680

2,680

2,600

2,600

2,600

March 14

4.33

4.32

4.31

4.30

4.28

4.26

4.25

4.25

4.24

4.33

4.21

4.20

3,260

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,100

3,100

3,100

3,100

3,100

3,010

3,010

March 20

9,84

9.69

9.60

9.54

9.51

9.51

9.50

9.46

9.40

9.38

9.50

9.65

17,200

16,900

16,600

16,300

16,300

16,300

16,300

16,300

16,000

16,000

16,300

16,600

Peet Sec. ft.

March 9

3.94

3.92

3.91

3.90

3.89

3.88

3.86

3.85

3.85

3.84

3.82

3.82

2,600

2,520

2,520

2,520

2,520

2,520

2,440

2,440

2,440

2,440

2,370

2,370

March 15

4.18

4.16

4.16

4.15

4.14

4.12

4.10

4.09

4.09

4.09

4.09

4.08

3,010

2,920

2,920

2,920

2,920

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

March 21

9.75

10. SO

10.70

11.10

11.47

11.88

12.25

12.47

12.42

12.21

11.91

11.55

17,200

18,500

20,100

21,300

22,600

23,900

24,900

25,800

25,500

24,900

23,900

22,900

Feet Sec. ft.

March 10

3.80

3.79

3.78

3.77

3.76

3.76

3.75

3.75

3.74

3.74

3.74

3.73

2,370

2,370

2,370

2,300

2,300

2,300

2,300

2,300

2,300

2,300

2,300

2,300

Marc-h 16

4.08

4.08

4.08

4.09

4.09

4.09

4.09

4.10

4.10

4.10

4.10

4.10

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

March 22

11.14

10.73

10.40

10.10

9.86

9.67

9.47

9.31

9.15

8.97

8.78

8.61

21,300

20,100

19,100

18,200

17,600

16,900

16,300

15,700

15,400

14,800

14,200

13,600

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.72

3.73

3.74

3.74

3.74

3.75

3.76

3.77

3.78

3.80

3.80

3.81

2,220

2,300

2,300

2,300

2,300

2,300

2,300

2,300

2,370

2,370

2,370

2,370

March 17

4.13

5.33

5.50

5.78

7.15

9.49

11.60

14.18

16.58

18.70

20.60

21.83

2,920

5,200

5,510

6,160

9,540

16,300

22,900

31,500

39,700

47,000

53,800

58,400

March 23

8.45

8.30

8.17

8.08

8.05

8.05

8.06

8.05

8.04

8.04

8.01

7.97

13,000

12,700

12,400

12,100

11,800

11,800

12,100

11,800

11,800

11,800

11,800

11,800

Feet Sec-, ft .

March 12

3.82

3.84

3.85

3.88

3.90

3.94

3.97

4.01

4.06

4.10

4.14

4.17

2,370

2,440

2,440

2,520

2,520

2,600

2,600

2,680

2,760

2,840

2,920

2,920

March 18

22.92

23.82

24.60

25.60

26.52

26.78

26.31

25.36

24.05

22.50

20.75

18.90

62,000

65,300

68,200

71,900

75,200

76,400

74,500

71,200

66,000

60,600

54,500

47,800

March 24

7.90

7.82

7.75

7.67

7.62

7.59

7.59

7.60

7.60

7.58

7.58

7.58

11,500

11,200

11,200

10,900

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,600

10.600

10,600

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

4.19

4.22

4.24

4.25

4.26

4.28

4.30

4.31

4.32

4.33

4.33

4.33

3,010

3,010

3,100

3,100

3,100

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,180

3,260

3,260

3,260

March 19

17.05

15.46

14.13

13.12

12.41

11.88

11.41

11.02

10.68

10.40

10.16

9.95

41, 100

35,900

31,100

27,800

25,500

23,900

22,300

21,000

20, 100

19,100

18,500

17,900

March 25

7.55

7.51

7.46

7.41

7.35

7.32

7.27

7.24

7.20

7.17

7.12

7.06

10,600

10,400

10,400

10, 100

10,100

9,810

9,810

9,540

9,540

9,540

9,280

9,280

Supplemental records.- Mar. IS, 11:30 a.m., 26.80 ft., 76,400 sec.-ft.

20!> O 37
FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

James River at Holcombs Rook, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°30', long. 79°15', at Holcomba Sock:, Bedford County, half a mile below Pedlar River. Zero of gage is 548.53 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 3,250 square miles.

Sage-height 're'cord.- Water-stage recorder graph except for periods Feb. 27 to Mar. 2, 

Apr. 27-29, when recorder was not operating.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 41,000 secondfeet; extended to peak stage on basis of velocity-area study and determination of 

peak flow over Reusens Dam; verified by comparison of peak discharge and total runoff of flood with records for other eaged areas in James River Easin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharse, 98,000 second-feet 2:30 p.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 30.78 

feet).

1931-35: Discharge, 78,100 second-feet (revised) Jan. 23, 1935 (gage heizht, 

26.61 feet).

1913: Discharge, about 100,000 second-feet in March (gage height, about 31.3 

feet, revised, from flood marks).

Remarks.- Information and assistance was furnished by the Appalachian electric Power 

Co.Tn computing the flow over its dam at Reusens. Discharge for periods of missing 

gage-height record was computed on basis of records at Sent Creek and Buchanan.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

2,830

2,960

3,090

3,320

4,050

3,410

3,190

2,600

2,640

3,060

Mar.

8,500

7,000

5,620

5,500

4,980

4,630

4,320

4,200

3,990

3,5BO

Apr.

3,820

8,140

10,900

10,200

3,500

12,000

25,500

17,500

12,400

14,400

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

2,500

2,240

2,620

16,300

33,700

32,300

19,300

20,700

21,500

14,300

Mar.

3,920

4,620

5,630

5,470

5,270

5,260

32,100

94,400

43,200

25,600

Apr.

15,600

13,000

11,400

9,680

8,280

7,540

6,690

5,920

5,100

4,110

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in inches . ...........................................

Fet.

10,600

8,460

6,920

5,930

6,130

7,140

12,000

14,000

11,000

3.26

Mar.

29,300

26,800

13,600

15,900

14,400

Apr.

4,360

4,020

3,370

3,560

3,440

12,5001 2,990

11,300

14,300

15,300

12,600

10,500

5.33

3,300

2,900

3,000

2,630

2.87

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

t,§w

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet | Sec. ft.

March 8

6.80

6.28

6.19

6.45

6.72

6.67

6.68

6.52

6.06

6.53

6.82

6.84

4,730

3,710

3,510

4,010

4,520

4,420

4,520

4,110

3,220

4,210

4,730

4,840

March 14

7.17

7.18

7.23

7.43

7.43

7.29

7.31

7.21

7.00

6.78

6.84

6.91

5,570

5,570

5,570

5,990

5,990

5,780

5,780

5,570

5,150

4,730

4,840

4,940

March 20

15.22

15.02

14.83

14.67

14.53

14.48

14.33

14.28

14.27

14.23

14.20

14.20

27,900

27,100

26,400

26,000

25,300

25,300

24,600

24,600

24,600

24,300

24,200

24,200

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

6.47

5.91

6.12

6.45

6.69

6.66

6.47

6.40

6.38

6.49

6.59

6.40

4,010

2,930

3,310

4,010

4,520

4,420

4,010

3,910

3,910

4,110

4,310

3,910

March 15

7.05

7.40

7.13

7.07

6.97

6.84

"7.05

7.07

7.23

6.98

6.83

7.07

5,260

5,990

5,360

5,260

5,040

4,840

5,260

5,260

5,570

5,150

4,840

5,260

March 21

14.37

14.67

14.87

15.03

15.40

15.78

16.09

16.35

16.60

16.77

16.77

16.62

25,000

26,000

26,800

27,100

28,600

30,200

31,300

32,500

33,300

34,100

34,100

33,300

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

6.33

5.93

5.64

5.89

6.65

6.55

6.00

6.12

6.03

6.38

6.71

6.73

3,810

3,020

2,500

2,930

4,420

4,210

3,120

3,310

3,220

3,910

4,520

4,620

March 16

7.48

7.58

7.34

7.17

6.84

6.97

6.92

6.89

6.36

6.87

6.82

6.82

6,200

6,410

5,780

5,570

4,840

5,040

4,940

4,940

4,840

4,840

4,730

4,730

March 22

16.36

16.00

15.58

15.33

14.97

14.56

14.29

14.24

14.13

14.01

13.87

13.68

32,500

31,000

29,400

28,300

27,100

25,700

24,600

24,200

23,900

23,500

23,200

22,500

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

6.53

5.92

5.63

5.67

6.38

6.48

6.50

6.67

6.71

6.78

6.82

6.79

4,210

2,930

2,500

2,500

3,910

4,110

4,110

4,420

4,520

4,730

4,730

4,730

March 17

6.78

6.04

6.05

7.00

12.00

15.00

16.63

18.50

22.00

25.00

27.00

28.83

4,730

3,220

3,220

5,150

17,000

27,100

33,300

41,200

56,700

70,600

80,000

88,500

March 23

13.43

13.21

12.93

12.80

12.62

12.43

12.27

12.17

12.08

12.02

11.96

11.92

21,500

20,800

20,100

19,500

18,800

18,200

17,900

17,600

17,300

17,000

17,000

16,700

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

6.72

6.23

6.09

6.60

6.92

6.93

6.94

6.93

6.91

6.93

6.93

6.96

4,520

3,610

3,310

4,310

4,940

5,040

5,040

5,040

4,940

5,040

5,040

5,040

March 18

29.60

30.02

30.32

30.48

30.57

30.65

30.73

30.70

30.48

29.80

28190

27.70

92,300

94,200

95,600

96,600

97,100

97,100

97,600

97,600

96,600

93,200

88,900

83,300

March 24

11.86

11.81

11.77

11.74

11.69

11.61

11.53

11.44

11.38

11.33

11.29

11.25

16,700

16,400

16,400

16,100

16,100

15,900

15,600

15,300

15,300

15,000

15,000

14,800

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

6.87

7.12

7.23

7.33

7.38

7.32

7.33

7.37

7.32

7.31

7.31

7.27

4,840

5,360

5,570

5,990

5,990

5,730

5,780

5,990

5,780

5,780

5,780

5,780

March 19

26.30

24.75

23.20

21.57

20.10

15.85

17.90

17.15

16.55

16.15

15.80

15.51

76,700

69,700

62,200

54,900

48,200

42,500

33,700

35,800

33,300

31,700

30,200

29,000

March 25

11.21

11.19

11.17

11.16

11.12

11.04

10.99

10.94

10.88

10.82

10.77

10.72

14,800

14,800

14,800

14,300

14,500

14,200

14,200

14,000

14,000

13,700

13,700

13,500

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 2:30 p.m., 30.73 ft., 93,000 sec.-ft.
JAMES RIVER BASIN 137 

James River at Bent Creek, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°32', long. 78°50', at highway bridge at Bent Creek, Appomattox County,

 150- feet below Bent Creek and 1 mile below Sladstone. Zero of gage is 380.67 feet 

above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 3,671 square miles.

Gage-height "Fe'cord.- Water-stage recorder graph except for periods Feb. 12-14, Apr. 

10-14, when the recorder was not operating.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 30,000 secondfeet; extended to peak stage on basis of velocity-area study near control section and 

determination of peak flow over Reusens Dam; verified by comparison of peak discharge 

and total run-off of flood with records for other gaged areas in James River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 103,000 second-feet 9:30 p.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 23.02

1925-35: Discharge, 83,400 second-feet (revised) Jan. 24, 1935 (gage height, 

20.22 feet).

Remarks.- Information and assistance was furnished by the Appalachian Electric Power 

Go. in computing the flow over its dam at Reusens. Discharge for periods of missing 

gage-height record determined by comparison with records for stations at Holcombs 

Rock and Scottsville.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

4,200

3,840

3,340

4,600

5,540

4,490

4,260

4,260

3,890

3,800

Mar.

9,820

8,090

7,210

6,630

6,080

5,560

5,420

4,860

4,980

4,280

Apr.

10,600

9,580

11,400

11,700

9,600

12,800

24,500

21,200

13,900

15,000

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

3,920

3,100

3,400

14,000

39,400

38,800

24,000

20,800

23,700

17,300

Mar.

4,680

5,680

6,360

6,490

6,020

5,700

23,900

95,700

70,700

29,000

Apr.

17,000

15,000

13,000

11,000

9,520

8,960

7,960

7,220

6,380

5,710

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

12,800

10,100

8,180

7,220

6,380

7,440

12,000

15,200

12 , 800

3.23

Mar.

23,600

31,000

21,200

18,100

16,700

Apr.

5,520

5,410

5,130

4,380

4,440

15,0001 4,320

13,4001 4,220

15 , 600

17,100

14,900

12,900

5.28

3,560

3,380

3,500

2.90

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

t, 3

ow

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

X

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

X

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

5.25

5.15

5.30

5.10

4.70

4,39

4.19

4.11

4.07

4.23

5.17

5.41

6,120

5,840

6,250

5,710

4,690

3,930

3,530

3,310

3,200

3,640

5,840

6,530

March 14

5.55

5.53

5.52

5.51

5.50

5.31

4.97

4.85

5.28

5.49

5.52

5.52

6,960

6,960

6,810

6,810

6,810

6,250

5,320

5,060

6,250

6,810

6,810

6,810

March 20

12.01

11.92

11.75

11.59

11.30

11.14

11.10

10.97

10.84

10.82

10.72

10.64

32,600

32,100

31,600

30,600

29,100

28,100

28,100

27,600

26,700

26,700

26,200

25,700

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

5.41

5.40

5.15

4.80

4.50

4.18

3.91

3.91

4.63

5.26

5.10

5.06

6,530

6,530

5,340

4,940

4,210

3,530

2,880

2,330

4,570

6,120

5,710

5,530

March 15

5.51

5.51

5.51

5.50

5.50

5.44

5.14

4.32

4.67

4.69

4.93

5.04

6,810

6,810

6,610

6,810

6,810

6,670

5,840

4,940

4,570

4,690

5,320

5,580

March 21

10.65

10. 7S

10.77

10.74

10.85

11.07

11.22

11.29

11.55

11.31

12.02

12.14

25,700

26,700

26,700

26,200

26,700

28,100

23,600

29,100

30,600

31,600

32,600

33,100

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

4.86

4.70

4.63

4.60

4.59

4.58

4.55

4.40

4.26

4.16

4.14

4.63

5,060

4,690

4,570

4,450

4,450

4,450

4,330

3,980

3,640

3,420

3,420

4,570

Mar oh 16

5.05

5.03

5.21

5.41

5.48

5.47

5.19

4.65

4.21

4.69

5.39

5.45

5,580

5,710

5,980

6,530

6,310

6,670

5,980

4,570

3,530

4,690

6,530

6,670

March 22

12.35

12.47

12.44

12.30

12.18

11.85

11.55

11.35

11.05

10.72

10.52

10.35

34,700

35,200

34,700

34,200

33,600

31,600

30,600

29,600

27,600

26,200

25,200

24,800

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

5.01

5.25

5.40

5.15

4.70

4.41

4.29

4.28

4.30

4.30

4.35

4.91

5,450

6,120

6,530

5,840

4,690

3,930

3,750

3,750

3,750

3,750

3,860

5,190

March 17

5.31

5.34

5.44

5.57

6.27

6.30

6.87

8.42

14.46

17.47

18.57

18.97

6,250

6,390

6,670

6,960

9,220

9,220

11,200

16,400

46,500

65,200

72,400

75,000

March 23

10.25

10.12

9.95

9.85

9.77

9.57

9.37

9.29

9.30

9.19

9.02

8.99

23,900

23,400

23,000

22,100

22,100

21,200

20,400

20,000

20,000

19,600

18,800

18,800

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

5.16

5.31

5.51

5.52

5.26

4.97

4.83

4.83

4.35

4.82

4.86

5.34

5,840

6,250

6,810

6,810

6,120

5,320

5,060

5,060

5,060

4,940

5,060

6,390

March 18

19.57

20.42

21.07

21.77

22.37

22.75

22.89

22.93

22.91

22.94

22.99

22.82

79,200

84,800

89,700

94,600

98,300

102,000

102,000

102,000

102,000

102,000

103,000

102,000

March 24

3.93

8.98

3.97

8.95

8.93

8.88

8.32

8.83

3.34

5.75

8.70

8.64

18,800

18,800

13,800

18,800

18,400

13,400

18,000

13,000

18,000

18,000

17,600

17,200

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

5.57

5.59

5.57

5.52

5.18

4.70

4.48

5.31

5.55

5.56

5.56

5.55

6,960

7,100

6,960

6,810

5,930

4,690

4,210

6,250

6,960

6,960

6,960

6,960

March 19

22.55

22.09

21.49

20.71

19.72

18.52

17.30

16.12

14.97

14.02

13.34

11.97

100,000

96,700

92,500

86,900

79,900

71,800

64,000

56,200

49,500

43,500

39,600

32,600

March 25

8.59 17.200

3.56

9.54

8.53

8.52

8.51

8.49

8,49

8.48

3.35

3.27

B.27

17,200

16,800

16,800

16,800

16,300

16,300

16,500

16,800

16,400

16,100

16,100

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 9:30 p.m., 23.02 ft., 103,000 sec.-ft.
138 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AMD UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

James River at Scottsville, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°48 ! , long. 78°30>, at highway bridge at Scottsville, Albemarle 

County, 7 miles above Hardware River. Zero of gage is 253.39 feet above mean sea 

level.

Drainage area.- 4,571 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for periods Mar. 2,3, when 

there was no record, and Mar. 18 to 9 a.m. Mar. 19, when it was based on flood 

marks and shape of stage graphs at Bent Creek and Cartersville.

verniea uy uumpansun 01 pea.K uj.aunai^e au 

for other gaged areas in James River Basin. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 112,000 second-feet 2 a.m. Mar. 19 (gage height, 25.46 feet, 

from flood mark).

1925-35: Discharge, 93,40O second-feet (revised) Sept. 6, 1935 (gage height, 

23.06 feet).

1913: Discharge, about 110,000 second-feet in March (gage height, 25.16 feet, 

from flood marks). 

Remarks.- Discharge Mar. 2, 3 based on records for station at Cartersville.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

5,790

5,260

4,900

5,430

6,470

6,970

5,520

5,180

4,980

5,100

liar.

12,300

10,600

9,200

8,020

7,410

7,040

6,350

6,350

5,920

5,640

Apr.

12,600

12,000

12,900

14,200

12,300

15,500

25,000

29,700

19,600

17,800

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

5,380

4,510

4,680

12,300

38,100

46,300

32,600

25,200

27,700

23,700

Mar.

6,560

7,960

8,700

8,590

8,160

7,220

22,300

98,200

99,400

42,200

Apr.

20,700

19,100

16,400

14, 100

12,300

11,100

10,000

9,130

8,480

7,540

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. . ..........................................

Feb.

16,700

13,000

10,600

9,080

8,420

8,960

11,100

16,900

15,900

3.15

Mar.

32,800

37,100

27,700

21,600

19,200

17,400

15,700

17,000

20,100

18,100

15,200

nr\ *zo/i

5.13

Apr.

7,030

6,970

6,660

6,460

5,720

5,540

5,430

5,140

4,710

4,800

2.92

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at Indicated time, 1956

§

to

Z

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

a

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet {Sec.ft.

March 8

5.48

5.44

5.52

5.71

5.86

5.98

6.05

6.10

6.10

5.94

5.69

5.40

5,810

5,620

5,810

6,190

6,590

6,790

6,790

7,000

7,000

6,590

6,190

5,620

March 14

6.34

6.64

6.86

6.93

6.95

6.95

6.95

6.96

6.96

6,96

6.64

6.40

7,430

8", 110

8,850

8,850

9,110

9,110

9,110

9,110

9,110

9,110

8,110

7,650

March 20

18.32

17.11

16.00

15.23

14.83

14.57

14.35

14.13

13.88

13.73

13.58

13.47

58,900

51,500

45,400

41,300

39,300

38,300

37,400

36,000

35,000

34,100

33,600

33,200

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

5.15

4.96

4.84

5.01

5.78

6.15

6.26

6.18

5.95

5.70

5.41

5.13

5,240

4,880

4,520

4,880

6,390

7,210

7,430

7,210

6,790

6,190

6,620

5,060

March 15

6.28

6.38

6.59

6.71

6.76

6.77

6.77

6.76

6.74

6.72

6.63

6.45

7,430

7,650

8,110

8,350

8,600

8,600

8,600

8,600

8,350

8,350

8,110

7,650

March 21

13.40

13.34

13.28

13.25

13.28

13.32

13.30

13.32

13.39

13.54

13.65

13.79

32,800

32,300

32,300

31,800

32,300

32,300

32,300

32,300

32,800

33,200

33,600

34,600

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

4.88

4.74

5.13

5.70

5.86

5.83

5.71

5.57

5.46

5.40

5.38

5.38

4,700

4,430

5,060

6,190

6,590

6,390

6,190

6,000

5,810

5,620

5,620

5,620

March 16

6.20

5.96

5.86

5.90

6.05

6.14

6.20

6.31

6.45

6.56

6.57

6.40

7,210

6,790

6,590

6,590

6,790

7,000

7,210

7,430

7,650

8,110

8,110

7,650

March 22

13.99

14.20

14.38

14.55

14,67

14.74

14.71

14.62

14.41

14.15

13.87

13.59

35,500

36,400

37,400

38,300

38,800

38,800

38,800

38,300

37,400

36,400

35,000

33,600

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

5.37

5.33

5.28

5.23

5.23

5.69

6.25

6.62

6.70

6.57

6.36

6.17

5,620

5,430

5,430

5,240

5,240

6,190

7,210

8,110

8,350

8,110

7,650

7,210

March 17

6.11

5.78

5.64

6.05

6.65

7.64

8.93

11.70

14.65

16.65

18.40

19.80

7,000

6,390

6,000

6,790

8,110

10,800

15,000

25,500

38,300

48,700

59,600

69,100

March 23

13.25

12.93

12.67

12.50

12.34

12.18

12.02

11.88

11.74

11.56

11.35

11.21

31,800

30,500

29,700

28,800

28,000

27,500

26,700

26,300

25,500

25,000

24,200

23,400

Feet Sec . ft .

March 12

6.00

5.93

5.90

5.91

6.08

6.46

6.82

7.12

7.25

7.20

7.05

6.89^

6,790

6,590

6,590

6,590

7,000

7,880

8,600

9,370

9,640

9,640

9,110

8,850

March 18

21.10

22.45

23.25

23.53

23.73

23.90

24.19

24.55

24.78

25.00

25.25

25.42

78,400

88,200

94,200

96,400

98,000

99,600

102,000

105,000

107,000

108,000

110,000

112,000

March 24

11.12

10.95

10.78

10.71

10.68

10.66

10.64

10.63

10.61

10.54

10.47

10.44

23,100

22,700

21,900

21,500

21,500

21,500

21,100

21,100

21,100

20,800

20,800

20,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

6.77

6.72

6.68

6.68

6.76

6.94

7.10

7.16

7.14

6.92

6.65

6.36

8,600

8,350

8,350

8,350

8,600

8,850

9,370

9,640

9,370

8,850

8,110

7,650

March 19

25.46

25.40

25.20

25.01

24.76

24.51

24.10

23.45

22.74

21.85

20.70

19.50

112,000

112,000

110,000

108,000

107,000

104,000

101,000

95,600

90,400

83,600

75,400

67,000

March 25

10.41

10.34

10.25

10.14

10.06

10.02

10.01

10.00

9.99

9.97

9.97

9.96

20,400

20,000

19,600

19,200

19,200

18,900

18,900

18,900

18,900

18,900

18,900

18,900
JAMES RIVER BASIH 139 

James River at Cartersville, Va.

location.- Lat. 37°40', long. 78°5', at highway bridge between Pemberton and Carters-

 vllle, Cumberland County, 1 mile below Willis River. Zero of gage is 161.57 feet 

above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 6,242 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except lor period Mar. 18-25, wlien 

there was no record, and Mar. 26 to Apr. 1, Apr. 5-8, when there was a partial record. A graph was constructed for the period Mar. 18-25 based on flood marks and 

shape of stage graphs at Scottsville and Richmond.

Stage-discharge relation,.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 90,000 second-

 feet; extended to peak stage on basis of velocity-area study near control section 

and slope-area determination of flood flow; verified by comparison of peak discharge 

and total run-off of flood with records for other gaged areas in James River Basin.

Maxima..,- 1936: Discharge. 149,000 second-feet 11 a.m. Mar. 19 (gage height, 28.77 

feet, from flood marks}. . .

1899-1935: Discharge, about 134,000 second-feet (revised} Sept. 6, 1935 (gage 

height, 27.80 feet, from flood marks).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

6,980

6,260

6,230

6,700

10,400

9,220

6,460

6,220

6,640

7,130

Mar.

15,900

12,700

10,900

10,000

9,330

8,730

8,240

7,860

7,440

7,360

Apr.

15,300

15,000

16,300

16,700

15,400

19,500

27,800

30,000

26,500

23,000

Day

n

12

13

14

15

16

17

1ft

19

20

Feb.

6,800

6,320

6,080

14,400

47,600

60,400

49,600

35,300

35,400

31,500

Mar.

7,910

12,600

16, 000

12,800

11,100

9,990

20,300

94,300

143,000

94,900

Apr.

25,100

25,000

20,800

17,600

15,100

13, 400

12,100

11,100

10,300

9,620

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in inches ............................................

Feb.

21,500

16,300

13,300

11,400

11,000

11,900

12,900

17,500

19,300

2.99

Mar.

43,700

39,300

36,400

26,300

22,400

19,600

19,000

20,600

22,000

20,500

17,600

26 090

4.82

Apr.

8,780

8.580

8,830

8,240

7,580

7,380

7,24p

6,820

6,500

6,4.40

14,730

2.63

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

b 

g

3

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

K

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Seo.ft.

March 8

4.70

4.80

4.82

4.75

4.64

4.50

4.38

4.33

4.36

4.45

4.56

4.67

8,140

8,340

8,340

8,340

7,940

7,740

7,540

7,350

7,540

7,540

7,940

8,140

March 14

7.32

7.18

6.99

6.79

6.59

6.46

6.44

6.51

6.55

6.55

6.51

6.47

14,400

14,200

13,600

13,000

12,500

12, 200

11,900

12,300

12,500

12,500

12,200

12,200

March 20

27.08

26.55

26.09

25.44

24.75

23.87

23.07

22.07

21.08

20.00

18.80

W.60

125,000

119,000

114, 000

108,000

102,000

95,000

89,000

82,000

76,000

70,000

64,000

58,000

Feet Sec. ft.

March 9

4.74

4.76

4.73

4.60

4.44

4.25

4.07

3.90

3.83

3.95

4.30

4.62

8,140

8,340

8,140

7,940

7,540

7,160

6,970

6,590

6,400

6,780

7,350

7,940

March 15

6.42

6.36

6.28

6.15

6.00

5.87

5.82

5.86

5.94

5.98

6.00

6.00

11,900

11,900

11,700

11,400

10,900

10,700

10, 500

10,700

10,700

10,900

10,900

10,900

March 21

16.80

15.71

15.36

14.90

14.57

14.29

14.05

13.83

13.66

13.53

13.44

13.38

54,000

50,000

47,000

44,800

43,200

41,900

40,800

39,800

39,000

38,400

38,000

37,700

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

4.76

4.75

4.64

4.48

4.29

4.07

3.88

3.80

3.95

4.20

4.38

4.45

8,340

8,340

7,940

7,740

7.350

6,970

6,590

6,400

6,780

7,160

7,540

7,540

Mar oh 16

5.99

5.97

5.93

5.85

5.73

5.58

5.44

5.29

5.19

5.17

5.22

5.27

10,900

10,900

10,700

10,500

10,200

10,000

9,580

9,370

9,160

9,160

9,160

9,370

March 22

13.28

13.26

13.28

13.35

13.48

13.68

13.85

14.03

14.14

14.20

14.28

14.31

37,300

37,200

37,300

37,600

38, 200

39,100

39,900

40,700

41,200

41,500

41,900

42,000

Feet j Sec.ft.

March 11

4.43

4.36

4.32

4.30

4.30

4.34

4.41

4.51

4.69

4.98

5.39

5.94

7,540

7,540

7,350

7,350

7,350

7,350

7,540

7,740

8,140

8,740

9,580

10,700

March 17

5.35

5.46

5.56

5.59

5.55

5.42

5.80

8.00

11.90

14.68

16.20

17.43

9,580

9,800

10,000

10,000

10,000

9,580

10,500

16,600

31,200

43,800

51,100

57,000

March 23

14.27

14.10

13.88

13.66

13.39

13.08

12.79

12.54

12.31

12.08

11.87 11.66

41,800

41,000

40,000

39,000

37,800

36,400

35,100

34,000

33,000

32,000

51,100

30,200

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

6.40

6.69

6.78

6.76

6.68

6.58

6.51

6.48

6.53

6.70

7.04

7.48

11,900

12,700

13,000

13,000

12,700

12,500

' 12,200

12,200

12,200

12,700

13,600

15,000

March 18

18.50

19.58

20.65

21.73

22.75

23.80

24.80

25.67

26.20

26.70

27.08

27.38j

62,500

68,000

73,300

79,700

87,100

94,500

102,000

110,000

115,000

121,000

125,000

189,000

March 24

11.49

11.30

11.15

11.02

10.82

10.62

10.44

10.34

10.23

10.13

10.03

9.95

29,500

28,700

28,100

27,600

26,800

26,000

25,300

24,900

24,500

24,100

23,700

83,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

7.83

8.07

8.15

8.14

8.05

7.95

7.84

7.70

7.58

7.48

7.44

7.42

16,000

16,900

17,200

16,900

16,600

16,600

16,000

15,700

15,400

15,000

14,1*00

14,800

March 19

27.77

28.20

28.47

28.60

28.76

28.76

28.75

28.69

28.53

28.23

28.00

27.54

134,000

140,000

144,000

146,000

149,000

149,000

149,000

147,000

145,000

142,000

137,000

131,000

March 25

9.90

9.84

9.81

9.76

9.68

9.63

9.60

9.60

9.57

9.52

9.46

9.41

23,200

23,000

22,900

22,700

22,400

22, 200

22,100

22,100

22,000

21,800

21,600

21,400

Supplemental records.- Mar. 19, 11 a.m. 28.77 ft., 149,000 sec.-ft.
140 FLOODS OF MARCH 1956--POTOHAC, JAMES, AHD UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Jamas River near Richmond, Va.

Location. - Lat. 37°34', long. 77°32', at Westham highway bridge, 3 miles west of city

limits of Richmond, Henrico County. Zero of gage is 98.8S feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 6,757 square miles.

Base-he'lght record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-13. Defined by current-meter measurements below 90,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage on basis of velocity-area 

study near control section; verified by comparison of peak discharge and total runoff of flood with records for other gaged areas in James River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 158,000 second-feet 10 p.m. Mar. 19 (gage height, 23.42 feetj.

 1934-35: Discharge, 127,000 second-feet (revised) Sept. 7, 1935 (gage height,

21.01 feet). 

Remarks.- Discharge does not include flow of James River & Kanawha Canal,which diverts

 above station. Above gage height 19 feet on river gage, canal merges with river,and 

flow in canal area above this point is included as part of overflow of river. Canal 

discharge of 1,370 second-feet measured during flood of Dec. 2, 1934 (river stage, 

17.9 feet). Flow of canal at gage height 19 feet on river gage, about 1,650 secondfeet. Nine discharge measurements of canal made when river was below flood stages 

during 1934-35 ranged from 692 to 888 second-feet.

Mean' discharge, In second-feet, 1936

Day Feb.

1 7,000

2 6,500

3 6,100

4 6,300

5 8,600

6 10,000

7 7,800

8 6, 200

9 6,300

10 6,800

Mean monthly c__ _.._._ w _ _ __

Mar.

17,700

14,100

12,100

10,900

10,000

9,390

8,920

8,050

7,910

7,460

ilscharor

Apr.

16,800

14, 900

16,000

17,100

17,100

14,900

25,900

32,900

30,600

24,000

a . in set

Run-off, In inches ...........

Gage height, in

£

m

2

4

6

8

10

1J

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

5.86

5.82

5.82

5.86

5.93

5.98

6.02

6.02

5.99

5.94

5.88

5.84

7,

7,

7,

7,

8,

8,

8,

8,

8,

8,

8,

7,

820

640

640

820

180

360

360

360

360

180

000

820

March 14

8.02

7.96

7.91

7.86

7.80

7.71

7.60

7.48

7.35

7.26

7.22

7.20

16,

16,

16,

16,

15,

15,

14,

14,

14.

13,

13,

13,

600

600

200

200

700

300

800

400

000

600

100

100

March 20

23.30

23.15

22.93

22.67

22.37

22.00

21.57

21.10

20.62

20.10

19.57

19.05

157,

156,

152,

149,

000

000

000

000

145,000

140,

135,

128,

122,

115,

109,

102,

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

5ondFeb.

6,900

6,400

6,000

12,600

41,600

56,300

55,900

38, 200

34,900

31,900

feet. . . .

Mar.

8,180

12,500

16,900

15,100

12,700

11,400

10,600

55,100

135,000

136,000

Apr.

25,300

25,800

22,200

18,900

16,400

14,500

13,300

11,900

11,000

10,300

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

24,000

18, 000

14,600

12,600

11,700

12, 100

13, 300

16,000

19,400

17,380

2.77

Mar.

66,900

41,700

40,300

28, 600

23,600

21,300

1.9,800

20,100

23, 100

23,100

19,900

27,370

4.67

Apr.

9,240

8,780

9,000

8,400

7,900

7,220

7,110

6,820

6,490

5,990

15 220

2-. 51

feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

5.82

5.6 1

5» 84

5.88

5.S 3

5.97

5.E

5.E

9

8

5.94

5.6 6

5.76

5.67

7,640

7,640

7,820

8,000

8,180

8,180

8,36 0

8,360

8,180

7,82 0

7,460

7,120

March 15

7.21

7.£

7.J

51

50

7.18

7.16

7.3L3

7.07

7.00

6.E 5

6.98

6.E

6.£

8

8

13,100

13,10

13,10

0

0

13,100

13,100

12,70 0

12,700

12,300

12,30 0

12,300

12,30 0

12,300

March 21

18.47

17. E 0

17.30

16.70

15.98

15.] 0

14.40

13.56

13.] 0

12.75

12. J>7

12.38

96,000

89,20 0

83,000

77,300

71,100

63,60 0

58,100

52,000

48,200

46,000

44,60 0

43,100

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

5.

5.

5.

5.

5.

5

5.

5.

5

5

5

5

59

55

59

70

81

91

95

94

88

79

70

65

6,950 6, 1- 80

6,950

7,290

7,6 40

8,000

8,] 80

8,180

8,000

7,6 40

7,290

7,120

Maroh 16

6

6

6

6

6.

6

6

6

6.

6

6.

6.

94

85

85

85

85

85

82

78

75

67

58

49

11,900

11, E

11, E

00

00

11,500

11,500

11, E 00

11,500

11,500

11, E 00

11,100

10,7 00

10,300

March 22

12.

12

12.

12

12

12

12.

12

12

12.

12

12

27

20

15

12

07

07

10

14

18

25

32

37

42,400

41, 1 00

41,700

41,000

41,000

41, C 00

41,000

41,000 41, r 00

41,700

42,4 00

43,100

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

5.60

5.64

5.75

5.89

6.00

6.08

6.12

6.12

6.10

6.10

6.09

6.10

6,950

7,120

7,460

8,000

8,360

8,730

8,730

8,730

8,730

8,730

8,730

8,730

March 17

6.43

6.38

6.36

6.36

6.41

6.46

6.53

6.62

6.71

6.82

7.30

8.55

9,870

9,870

9,680

9,680

9,870

10,300

10,300

10,700

11,100

ll>5dO

13,600

19,500

March 23

12.41

12.45

12.46

12.42

12.33

12.20

12.00

11.80

11.60

11.37

11.21

11.02

43,100

43,100

43,800

43,100

42,400

41,700

40,300

38,900

37,500

36,100

34,800

33,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

6.16

6.25

6.45

6.73

7.02

7.27

7.44

7.55

7.59

7.61

7.58

7.56

8,920

9,29 0

9,870

11,100

12, 3C 0

13,600

14, OC 0

14,800

14,800

14, 8C 0

14,800

14,800

March 18

9.75

11.25

12.40

13.20

13.86

14.35

14.38

15.35

15.76

16.40

16.98

17.55

25,900

34, 8C

43, 1C

0

0

49,000

54,200

58,10 0

62,000

66,000

69, 4C 0

74,600

80, OC 0

86,000

March 24

10.87

10.66

10.60

10.49

10.36

10.23

10.04

9.95

9.88

9.78

9.67

9.63

32,800

31,50 0

30,800

30,200

29,600

28, 3C 0

27 100

27,100

26, 5C 0

25,900

25 3C 0

24,800

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

7.57

7.62

7.76

7.95

8.14

8.26

8.35

8.36

8.31

8.26

8.19

8.11

14,800

14,800

15,700

16,600

17,100

18,000

18,500

18, 500

18, 000

18,000

17,500

17,100

March 19

18.38

19.29

20.23

21.00

21.63

22.25

22.69

23.00

23.23

23.38

23.42

23.38

94,800

106,000

117,000

127,000

135,000

143,000

149,000

153,000

156,000

158,000

158,000

158,000

March 25

9.56

9.53

9.48

9.43

9.44

9.42

9.39

9.34

9.32

9.26

9.20

9.14

24,800

24,200

24,200

23,600

23,600

23,600

23,600

23,100

23, 100

23,100

22,600

22,000
JAMES RIVER BASIN 141

Dunlap Creek near Covington, Va«

Location.- Lat. 37°48', long. 80°3', at highway bridge 2 miles below Ogle Creek and 3 

miles west of Covington, Alleghany County. Zero of gage is 1,294.21 feet above mean 

sea level.

Drainage area.- 166 square miles.

Gage-Height record.- Twice-daily gage readings except for period Mar. 8-25, when a 

graph was used based on twice-daily gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with 

stage graphs of nearby stations.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-4, 7-13. Defined by current-meter 

measurements below 4,500 second-feet; extended to peak stage on basis of velocityarea study near control section; verified by comparison of peak discharge and total 

run-off of flood with records for other James River tributaries.

Maxima.- 1936! Discharge, 8,370 second-feet 5 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 10.52 feet, 

from flood marks}.

1928-35: Maximum observed discharge, 7,250 second-feet (revised) Jan. 23, 

1935 (gage height, 9.70 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

S

9

10

Feb.

70

60

50

100

262

186

130

100

90

80

Mar.

262

215

200

173

163

158

148

133

124

119

Apr.

306

377

504

377

323

1,160

1,040

550

460

920

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

70

60

100

3,900

2,980

1,440

920

2,010

920

548

Mar.

124

144

165

178

204

229

6,070

2,630

1,060

1,040

Apr.

648

482

377

306

259

230

203

178

155

144

Day

21

?.?.

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

" m-off , in Inches. ...........................................

Feb.

393

279

215

200

200

436

480

414

314

3.81

Mar.

1,810

1,150

1,170

1,140

770

527

862

1,300

752

504

377

5.35

Apr.

128

122

113

103

96

95

90

86

82

80

'Z'Z'T

2.24

Page height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

J3

S

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

11

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

11

Feet Sec . ft .

March S

1.96

1.95

1.94

1.93

1.93

1.93

1.92

1.92

1.92

1.92

1.91

1.91

139

137

135

133

133

133

130

130

130

130

128

128

March 14

2.10

2.10

2.10

2.11

2.11

2.12

2.12

2.13

2.13

2.13

2.13

2.13

173

173

173

173

173

173

173

186

186

186

186

186

March 20

3.98

4.01

4.04

4.04

4.01

3.S5

3.87

3.80

3.75

3.8V

4.15

4.69

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

980

920

920

980

1,160

1,52.0

Feet See . ft .

March 9

1.91

1.90

1.90

1.90

1.89

1.89

1.88

1.88

1.88

1.88

1.87

1.87

128

126

126

126

124

124

122

122

122

122

120

120

March 15

2.14

2.15

2.18

2.19

2.21

2.22

2.25

2.26

2.27

2.27

2.27

2.27

186

186

200

200

200

200

215

215

215

215

215

215

March 21

5.29

5.66

5.77

5.60

5.38

5.15

4.93

4.75

4.57

4.40

4.27

4.24

2,010

2,370

2,470

2,280

2,100

1,920

1,680

1,600

1,440

1,300

1,230

1,160

Feet Sec. ft.

March 10

1.87

1.87

1.87

1.87

1.86

1.86

1.86

1.86

1.86

1.86

1.86

1.86

120

120

120

120

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

118

Maroh 16

2.28

2.27

2.27

2.27

2.28

2.28

2.28

2.30

2.31

2.33

0.33

2.34

230

215

215

215

230

230

230

230

230

246

246

246

March 22

4.25

4.35

4.40

4.40

4.37

4.28

4.18

4.06

3.95

3.85

3.80

3.82

1,160

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,230

1,160

1,100

1,040

920

920

920

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

1.86

1.88

1.86

1.86

1.88

1.89

1.90

1.92

1.92

1 QO . J7|5

1.93

1.94

118

118

118

118

122

124

126

130

130

130

133

135

March 17

2.72

5.46

8.60

9.45

9.83

10.08

10.35

10.51

10.41

10.08

9.40

8.50

372

2,190

5,780

6,830

7,390

7,810

8,230

8,370

8,230

7,810

6,830

5,650

March 23

4.00

4.30

4.53

4.60

4.51

4.40

4.27

4.13

4.01

3.94

3.86

3.88

1,040

1,230

1,370

1,440

1,370

1,300

1,230

1,100

1,040

980

980

980

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

1.94

1.95

1.96

1.96

1.97

1.98

1.99

2.00

2.00

2.01

2.02

2.03

135

137

139

139

141

144

146

148

148

150

153

156

March 18

7.60

6.98

6.47

6.15

5.8V

5.60

5.37

5.15

4.98

4.81

4.64

4.50

4,500

3,780

3,200

2,870

2,570

2,280

2,100

1,920

1,760

1,600

1,440

1,370

March 24

4.02

4.25

4.45

4.48

4.40

4.30

4.20

4.10

4.03

3,96

3.90

3.85

1,040

1,160

1,300

1,370

1,300

1,230

1,160

1,100

1,040

1,040

980

920

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

2.04

2.05

2.06

2.06

2.07

2.07

2.08

2.08

2.08

2.O9

2,09

2.09

158

160

163

163

166

166

168

168

168

170

170

170

March 19

4.40

4.29

4.20

4.12

4.04

3.98

3.92

3.86

3.82

3.82

3.85

3.90

1,300

1,230

1,160

1,100

1,040

1,040

980

980

920

920

920

980

March 25

3.80

3.75

3.70

3.62

3.55

3.50

3.43

3.39

3.35

3.31

3.28

3.25

920

920

862

806

806

752

700

700

700

648

648

623

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 5 p.m., 10.52 ft., 8,370 sec.-ft.
142 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Potts Creek near Covlngton, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°44', long. 80° 2 ' , at highway bridge a quarter of a mile above Hays

Creek and 3 miles southwest of Covlngton, Alleghany County. Zero of gage is

1,257.61 feet above mean aea level. 

Drainage area.- 158 square miles. 

gage-height record.- Twice-daily gage readings except for period Mar. 8-25, when a

graph was used based on twice-daily gage readings, flood mark, and comparisons

with stage graphs of nearby stations. Gage not read Mar. 31. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by Ice Feb. 1-4, 7-12. Defined by current-meter

measurements below 4,000 second-feet and extended to peak stage by velocity-area

study near control section and comparisons of the Instantaneous peak flow and total

run-off of flood with other determinations on streams in the upper James River

Basin. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, about 8,570 second-feet 4 p. m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 9.52

feet, from flood marks).

1928-35: Maximum discharge observed, about 9,710 second-feet Jan. 23, 1935

(gage height, 10.10 feet). 

Remarks.- Discharge for period of ice effect and for Mar. 31 computed on basis of

weather records, observer's notes, and record for stations on Dunlap Creek near

Covington and James River at Lick Run.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

110

100

90

130

165

154

140

130

120

110

Mar.

288

277

267

247

223

210

201

188

180

173

Apr.

464

464

451

438

444

1,030

1,310

718

680

830

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

100

120

214

1,960

2,500

1,230

1,030

950

680

643

Mar.

169

161

184

183

186

188

4,710

2,660

1,370

1,270

Apr.

643

606

534

411

386

332

299

252

228

210

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

606

570

374

299

282

293

327

321

299

484

3.30

Mar.

1,680

1,320

1,180

978

978

870

910

910

870

755

550

785

5.73

Apr.

188

184

169

154

140

134

128

118

113

108

406

2.87

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

§

oH

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

2.21

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.19

2.19

2.19

192

188

188

188

188

188

188

188

188

184

184

184

March 14

2.18

2.18

2.18

2.18

2.18

2.18

2.19

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

180

180

180

180

180

180

184

188

188

188

188

188

March 20

3.48

3.50

3.52

3.59

3.70

3.79

3.80

3.81

3.85

3.98

4.13

4.38

1,070

1,070

1,070

1,150

1,230

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,470

1,550

1,790

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

2.19

2.19

2.18

2.18

2.18

2.18

2.18

2.17

2.17

2.17

2.17

2.17

184

184

180

180

180

180

180

177

177

177

177

177

March 15

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.19

2.18

2.18

2.19

2.20

2.20

188

188

188

188

188

188

184

180

180

184

188

188

March 21

4.58

4.71

4.73

4.62

4.42

4.27

4.12

4.00

3.89

3.83

3.80

3.82

1,960

2,050

2,050

1,960

1,790

1,710

1,550

1,470

1,390

1,310

1,310

1,310

Feet Sec . ft .

March 10

2.17

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

177

173

173

173

173

173

173

173

173

173

173

173

March 16

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

2.20

185

188

188

188

188

188

188

188

188

188

188

188

March 22

3.84

3.85

3.86

3.86

3.85

3.84

3.83

3.82

3.80

3.78

3.7"5

3.74

1,310

1,310

1,390

1,390

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,230

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.16

2.15

2.14

2.14

2.14

2.13

2.13

173

173

173

173

173

173

169

165

165

165

161

161

March 17

2.20

2.25

2.95

5.55

7.76

8.65

9.22

9.52

9.20

8.65

7.98

7.20

188

210

643

2,870

5,640

6,960

8,020

8,570

8,020

6,960

5,960

4,740

March 23

3.73

3.72

3.71

3.70

3.68

3.66

3.64

3.61

3.59

3.55

3.50

3.47

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,150

1,150

1,150

1,150

1,070

1,030

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

2.13

2.13

2.12

2.12

2.12

2.12

2.12

2.12

2.12

2.14

2.15

2.17

161

161

158

158

158

158

158

158

158

165

169

177

March 18

6.47

5.95

5.60

5.40

5.28

5.20

5.10

4.98

4.84

4.70

4.56

4.43

3,830

3,270

2,870

2,680

2,590

2,500

2,410

2,320

2,140

2,050

1,960

1,790

March 24

3.43

3.40

3.37

3.33

3.33

3.33

3.33

3.34

3.35

3.40

3.45

3.52

1,030

990

950

950

950

950

950

950

950

990

1,030

1,070

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

2.18

2.19

2.19

2.20

2.20

2,20

2.20

2.19

2.18

2.18

2.18

2.18

180

184

184

188

188

188

188

184

180

180

180

180

March 19

4.33

4.20

4.10

4.02

3.94

3.85

3.77

3.70

3.63

3.59

3.54

3.49

1,710

1,630

1,550

1,470

1,390

1,310

1,310

1,230

1,150

1,150

1,070

1,070

March 25

3.54

3.53

3.50

3.45

3.40

3.38

3.34

3.32

3.30

3.28

3.26

3,24

1,070

1,070

1,070

1,030

990

990

950

910

910

910

870

870
JAMES RIVER BASIN 143 

Cowpasture River near Clifton Forge, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°48', long. 79°46', at iron highway bridge li miles above junction

 with Jackson River and 4 miles southeast of Clifton Forge, Alleghany County. Zero 

of gage is 1,006.93 feet above mean sea level,

Drainage area«- 456 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 3,500 secondfeet; extended to peak stage on basis of velocity-area study near control section; 

verified by comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with records for 

other James River tributaries.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 22,400 second-feet 1:30 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 18.6<i feet)

*1907 -8, 1925-'35: Discharge, 13,700 second-feet (revised) Jan. 23, 1935 (gage 

height, 13.76 feet). ,

Maximum known discharge, about 26,600 second-feet March 1913 (gage height, 

20.8 feet, from flood marks;.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

290

278

262

315

400

395

251

255

274

298

liar.

1,290

1,090

960

830

800

800

746

658

583

551

Apr.

890

1,040

1,460

1,010

860

3,370

3,850

1,860

1,500

2,560

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

255

232

255

1,820

3,850

3,100

1,960

2,980

2,370

1,500

Mar.

551

710

800

746

658

606

7,370

15,600

4,510

3,180

Apr.

1,910

1,500

1,330

1,100

950

830

740

658

594

542

Day

21

?.?.

23

24

25

2R

27

28

29

30

31

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, In second-feet, at in

Feb.

1,090

862

698

629

734

2,410

3,620

2,760

1,660

1,235

2.92

iicated

Mar.

3,730

2,560

1,860

1,660

1,540

a, 290

1,400

2,000

1,620

1,300

1,070

5.14

time, 19

Apr.

502

463

434

406

379

360

342

329

313

300

1

n«7Q

2.64

36

|ow

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4 ' 6

8

10

M

Feet Sec . ft .

March 8

3,48

3.46

3.45

3.43

3.42

3.40

3.39

3.38

3.37

3.36

3.35

3.35

698

687

681

669

664

652

646

640

635

629

623

623

March 14

3,63

3.62

3.60

3.58

3.57

3.56

3.55

3.54

3.52

3.51

3.49

3.48

800

770

770

758

752

746

740

734

722

716

704

698

March 20

6.70

6.68

6.66

6.65

6.60

6.55

6.45

6.35

6.26

6.22

6.38

6.77

3,400

3,400

3,400

3,290

3,290

3,290

3,070

3,070

2,960

2,860

3,070

3,510

Feet Sec. ft.

March 9

3.34

3.33

3.31

3.30

3.29

3.28

3.28

3.27

3.26

3.26

3.26

3.25

617

611

600

594

589

583

583

578

572

572

572

567

March 15

3.46

3.45

3.43

3.42

3.41

3.40

3.39

3.38

3.37

3.36

3.36

3.35

687

681

669

664

658

652

646

640

635

629

629

623

March 21

7.03

7.10

7.05

7.04

7.13

7.20

7.22

7.16

7.06

6.89

6.69

6.50

3,730

3,850

3,730

3,730

3,850

3,970

3,970

3,970

3,850

3,620

3,400

3,180

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.25

3.24

3.23

3.22

3.22

3.21

3.20

3.20

3.20

3.19

3.19

3.20

567

562

556

551

551

545

540

540

540

535

535

540

March 16

3.35

3.35

3.34

3.34

3.33

3.32

3.31

3.31

3.31

3.30

3.30

3.31

623

623

617

617

611

606

600

600

600

594

594

600

March 22

6.35

6.23

6.16

6.10

6.02

5.93

5.81

5.72

5.61

5.52

5.43

5.35

3,070

2,860

2,860

2,760

2,660

2,560

2,460

2,860

2,270

2,180

2,140

2,040

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.21

3.21

3.22

3.22

3.22

3.22

3.22

3.22

3.22

3.23

3.25

3.27

545

545

551

551

551

551

551

551

551

556

567

578

March 17

3.33

3.40

4.13

6.90

7.95

8.07

10.00

12.15

13.58

14.46

14.95

17.56

611

652

1,120

3,620

4,950

5,080

7,670

11,000

13,400

14,900

15,800

20,500

March 23

5.28

5.20

5.15

5.11

5.10

5.13

5.17

5.18

5.17

5.14

5.10

5.05

2,000

1,910

1,860

1,820

1,820

1,860

1,860

1,910

1,860

1,860

1,820

1,780

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

3.30

3.34

3.38

3.43

3.50

3.53

3.56

3.59

3.61

3.62

3.63

3.64

594

617

640

669

710

728

746

764

770

770

800

800

March 18

18.56

17.70

16.68

16.00

15.66

15.32

14.74

13.95

13.00

11.85

10.55

9.62

22,400

20,700

18,900

17,600

17,100

16,300

15,300

14,000

12,400

12,000

8,570

7,110

March 24

5,00

4,98

4.94

4.90

4.86

4.85

4.85

4.87

4.91

4.90

4.90

4.88

1,740

1,740

1,700

1,660

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,660

1,660

1,660

1,660

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

3.64

3.65

3.66

3.68

3.69

3.69

3.69

3.69

3.68

3.67

3.66

3.64

800

800

800

830

830

830

830

830

830

800

800

800

March 19

9,05

8.61

8.22

7.86

7.56

7.31

7.11

6.96

6.86

6.80

6.75

6.72

6,270

5,730

5,210

4,820

4,450

4,090

3,850

3,730

3,62Q

3,510

3,510

3,400

March 25

4.85

4.84

4.83

4.83

4.82

4.78

4.75

4.72

4.68

4.65

4.61

4.57

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,580

1,580

1,540

1,500

1,500

1,460

1,430

1,400

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 1:30 a.m., 18.62 ft., 22,400 sec.-ft.
144 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AMD UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Cralg Creek at Parr, Va.

Location.- 37°39 1 55n , long.. 79°54'40", at Chesapeake % Ohio Railway bridge 600 feet 

from Parr, Botetourt County, and 12 miles above mouth. Zero of gage Is 992.50 

feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 331 square miles.

Qage-height Teeord.- Gage read twice dally. A graph was constructed for the period 

Mar. 8-25, based on gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with stage graphs of 

nearby stations.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 7-13. Defined by current-meter measurements below 5,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study 

near control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood 

with records for other James River tributaries.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 17,000 second-feet 5 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 14.26 feet, 

from flood marks).

1925-35S Maximum discharge observed, 21,500 second-feet (revised) Jan. 23, 

1935 (gage height, 15.85 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

260

342

280

300

365

342

320

280

260

240

Mar.

412

388

365

365

321

300

280

272

253

252

Apr.

688

790

1,360

980

790

1,360

2,550

1,360

1,100

2,430

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

220

260

400

3,750

6,420

2,800

1,860

2,080

1,650

1,180

Mar.

249

306

362

349

323

303

5,500

11,800

3,040

2,210

Apr.

1,360

1,100

902

755

625

568

514

436

412

365

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in Inches. ...........................................

Feb.

865

688

568

488

462

436

462

488

436

983

3.20

Mar.

4,710

2,470

1,680

1,390

1,200

980

1,100

1,650

1,450

1,100

865

5.20

Apr.

342

321

342

300

280 -260

260

256

242

227

2.61

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, In second-feet, at indicated time, 1956 is

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

4.57

4.57

4.56

4.55

4.55

4.54

4.53

4.52

4.52

4.52

4.52

4.52

280

280

280

280

280

280

280

260

260

260

260

260

March 14

4.75

4.75

4.74

4.72

4.72

4.72

4.71

4.70

4.69

4.68

4.68

4.68

365

365

365

342

342

342

342

342

342

342

342

342

March 20

7.34

7.25

7.16

7.10

7.05

6.98

6.92

6.85

6.80

6.76

6.79

7.05

2,550

2,430

2,430

2,310

2,190

2,190

2,080

1,970

1,970

1,970

1,970

2,190

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

4.50

4.50

4.50

4.49

4.49

4.48

4.48

4.45

4.47

4.46

4.47

4.48

260

260

260

256

256

253

253

242

249

245

249

253

March 15

4.68

4.67

4.66

4.65

4.64

4.64

4.64

4.63

4.63

4.63

4.63

4.62

342

321

321

321

321

321

321

321

321

321

321

300

March 21

7.82

8.57

9.13

9.42

9.56

9.55

9.36

9.05

8.77

8.48

8.22

8.00

3,190

4,350

5,160

5,680

6,040

6,040

5,680

4,980

4,670

4,200

3,750

3,470

Feet Sec . ft .

March 10

4.48

4.48

4.48

4.48

4.48

4.48

4.48

4.48

4.47

4.47

4.47

4.47

253

253

253

253

253

253

253

253

249

249

249

249

March 16

4.62

4.62

4.62

4.62

4.62

4.62

4.61

4.61

4.61

4.62

4.64

4.65

300

300

300

300

300

300

300

300

300

300

321

321

March 22

7.78

7.60

7.44

7.34

7.25

7.15

7.10

7.02

6.97

6.90

6.83

6.77

3,190

2,930

2,670

2,550

2,430

2,430

2,310

2,190

2,190

2,080

1,970

1,970

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

4.46

4.46

4.46

4.46

4.46

4.46

4.46

4.46

4.47

4.50

4.51

4.53

245

245

245

245

245

245

245

245

249

260

260

280

March 17

4.73

4.90

5.30

6.15

7.10

8.15

9.30

10.60

11.60

12.40

13.03

13.60

365

436

655

1,360

2,310

3,750

5,500

8,010

10,200

12,100

13,600

15,100

March 23

6.70

6.66

6.62

6.57

6.53

6.50

6.47

6.44

6.41

6.40

6.39

6.37

1,860

1,860

1,750

1,750

1,650

1,650

1,650

1,550

1,550

1,550

1,550

1,550

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

4.55

4.57

4.58

4.59

4.60

4.60

4.62

4.64

4.66

4.67

4.68

4.68

280

280

300

300

300

300

300

321

321

321

342

342

March 18

14.00

14.25

14.25

13.80

13.25

12.55

11.88

11.15

10.45

9.85

9.33

8.88

16,200

16,800

16,800

15,700

14,100

12,600

10,900

9,290

7,600

6,420

5,500

4,830

March 24

6.33

6.30

6.28

6.26

6.25

6.24

6.22

6.19

6.17

6.16

6.14

6.14

1,450

1,450

1,450

1,450

1,360

1,366

1,360

1,360

1,360

1,360

1,270

1,270

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

4.70

4.72

4.73

4.74

4.75

4.76

4.77

4.77

4.77

4.77

4.78

4.76

342

342

365

365

365

365

365

365

365

365

388

365

March 19

8.40

8.07

7.80

7.63

7.50

7.41

7.39

7.40

7.45

7.47

7.45

7.38

4,050

3,610

3,190

2,930

2,800

2,670

2,670

2,670

2,670

2,800

2,670

2,670

March 25

6.12

6.11

6.10

6.05

6.03

6.02

6.00

5.98

5.96

5.96

5.93

5.87

1,270

1,270

1,270

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,100

1,100

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 5 a.m., 14.26 ft., 17,000 sec.-ft.
JAMES RIVER BASIN 

Johns Creek at Newcastle, Va.

145

Location.- Lat. 37°30«, long. 80°6«, at highway bridge 500 feet east of town limits of 

Newcastle, Craig County, and a quarter of a mile above mouth.

Drainage area.- 106 square milea.

Sage-height 'FicorcU- Gage read twice daily. A graph was constructed for the period 

Mar. 8-25, based on gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with stage graphs at 

nearby stations.

S tage rd is charge r e lat i on. - Affected by ice Feb. 10-12. Defined by current-meter measurements below 3,200 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near 

control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with 

records for other James River tributaries.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 4,340 second-feet 11:30 a.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 9.7 feet, 

from graph based on gage readings).

1926-35: Maximum discharge observed, 6,000 second-feet Jan. 23, 1935 (gage 

height, 10.80 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

146

89

109

109

124

96

77

72

89

80

Mar.

131

124

131

116

102

96

89

81

77

77

Apr.

254

317

390

317

274

650

695

455

790

565

Day

11

12

l?i

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

70

60

72

2,370

1,840

790

740

345

605

365

Mar.

88

99

96

91

88

98

2,560

1,400

758

907

Apr.

390

340

295

254

224

188

162

146

131

116

Day

21

?,?,

23

24

25

26

27

2fl

29

30

31

Run-off , in inches ............................................

Feb.

295

224

215

162

162

162

179

170

146

361

3.68

Mar.

1,190

742

600

449

389

340

525

605

420

317

274

421

4.58

Apr.

110

116

116

91

86

86

86

75

70

70

262

2.76

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

ao

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

15

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

3.67

3,66

3.65

3.65

3,64

3.64

3.64

3.63

3.62

5.60

3.60

3.60

83

83

83

83

83

83

83

83

77

77

77

77

March 14

3.74

3.73

3.73

3.72

3.72

3.72

3.72

3.71

3.71

3.71

3.71

3.71

96

96

96

89

89

89

89

89

89

89

89

89

Marcf. 20

6.32

6.38

6.41

6.45

6.48

6.48

6,48

6.49

6.52

6.65

6.80

7,00

790

845

845

845

900

900

900

900

900

960

1,090

1,230

Peet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.60

3,60

3.60

3.60

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

March 15

3.71

3,70

3.70

3,70

3.70

3.69

3.69

3.68

3,68

3,67

3.67

3.67

89

89

89

89

89

89

89

89

89

83

83

83

March 21

7.21

7.35

7.39

7,29

7.15

6.95

6.79

6.65

6.52

6.45

6.39

6.32

1,390

1,560

1,560

1,470

1,S90

1.230

1,090

960

900

845

845

790

Feet Sec . ft .

March 10

3.60

3.61

3.62

3.62

3.61

3.60

3.60

3.60

3.59

3.58

3.57

3.58

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

72

77

March 16

3,66

3.66

3.65

3.65

3,65

3.65

3.65

3.70

3.80

3.90

4.10

4.35

83

83

83

83

83

83

83

89

102

116

146

188

March 22

6.25

6.23

6.20

6.19

6.16

6.15

6.15

6.15

6.16

6.19

6.18

6.16

740

740

74j

740

740

740

740

740

740

740

740

740

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.59

3.60

3,61

3,64

3.67

3.70

3.73

3.75

3.76

3,76

3,78

3.79

77

77

77

83

83

89

96

96

96

96

102

102

March 17

4.92

6.20

7.60

8,80

9.58

9.67

9.40

9.05

8.72

8.41

8.12

7.90

295

740

1,740

3,110

4,200

4 ,-340

3,920

3,370

2,980

2,610

2,260

2,040

March 23

6,15

6.10

6.07

5.98

5.92

5.86

5.79

5.74

5.69

5.65

5.60

5.59

740

695

695

650

605

605

565

525

525

490

490

490

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

3.79

3.79

3.79

3.79

3.79

3.78

3,77

3.77

3,77

3.77

3.77

3.77

102

102

102

102

102

102

96

96

96

96

96

96

March 18

7.67

7.55

7.40

7.34

7,30

7.23

7.15

7.05

6.92

6.80

6.66

6.50

1,840

1,740

1,560

1,470

1,470

1,390

1,390

1,230

1,160

1,090

1,020

900

March 24

5.55

5,54

5.52

5.50

5.49

5,49

5.47

5.46

5.45

5.44

5.43

5.42

490

455

455

455

455

455

455

455

420

420

420

420

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

3.77

3.77

3.76

3.75

3.74

3,74

3.74

3.74

3.74

3.74

3,74

3,74

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

96

March 19

6,40

6.25

.6.16

6.15

6.15

6.15

6.15

6.15

6.18

6.20

6.25

6.26

845

740

740

740

740

740

740

740

740

740

740

790

March 25

5.42

5.40

5.40

5.37

5,33

5.31

5.26

5.21

5.17

5,15

5.12

5.10

420

420

420

420

390

390

390

365

365

365

340

340

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 11:30 a.m., 9.7 ft., 4,340 sec.-ft.
146 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AW) UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Oatawba Creek near Fincastle, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°33'0", long. 79°50'5n , at highway bridge at Kyles Mills, 4 miles 

northeast of Fincastle, Botetourt County. Zero of gage is 994.05 feet above mean 

sea level.

Drainage area.- 104 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Gage read twice daily. No record Feb. 8, 15. Stage graph constructed for period liar. 8-25, from gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with 

stage graphs of nearby stations.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 2,000 secondfee't; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with records for other James 

River tributaries.

Maxima.- 19368 Discharge. 3,300 second-feet 4s30 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 14.27 

feet, from flood marks).

1928-35: Maximum discharge observed, about 6,000 second-feet Jan. 23, 1935 

(gage height, 18.02 feet).

Remarks.- Discharge Feb. 8, 16 determined on basis of weather records and records for 

Johns Creek at Newcastle and Craig Creek at Parr.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

JQ

Feb.

98

93

93

103

93

83

93

90

83

78

Mar.

119

108

108

98

98

93

83

73

56

50

Apr.

188

295

281

227

442

426

381

267

267

309

Day

11

12

13

14

15

Ifi

1.7

1.8

19

20

Feb.

93

103

338

lj48Q

1,690

1^.220

411

474

352

324

Mar.

64

99

103

89

79

255

1,750

1,320

584

260

Apr.

309

295

267

214

188

163

133

127

127

115

Day

21

22

23

24

25

2R

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in inches ............................................

Feb.

310

216

153

130

136

141

147

136

124

306

3.17

Mar.

520

530

390

310

261

227

267

337

323

267

227

295

3.27

Apr.

110

110

110

98

381

188

93

78

78

7B

2.28

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

|s

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

2.59

2.58

2.57

2.56

2.55

2.54

2.53

2.53

2.50

2.50

2.49

2.48

78

78

74

74

74

74

74

69

69

69

69

69

March 14

2.77

2.76

2.75

2.74

2.73

2.72

2.70

2.68

2.67

2.66

2.65

2.64

93

93

93

93

93

88

88

88

83

83

83

83

March 20

5.00

5.03

4.90

4.64

4.36

4.05

3.76

3.51

3.35

3.34

3.42

3.63

381

381

366

323

295

240

214

175

163

151

163

188

Feet Sec . ft .

March 9

2.47

2.46

2.45

2.42

2.40

2.35

2.32

2.30

2.27

2.25

2.25

2.26

64

64

64

60

60

56

52

52

48

48

48

48

March 15

2.62

2.60

2.60

2.59

2.55

2.51

2.48

2,50

2.56

2.65

2.80

2.95

78

78

78

78

74

69

69

69

74

83

98

114

March 21

3.90

4.24

4.60

5.00

5.43

5.88

6.33

6.80

7.15

7.30

7.17

6.95

227

267

323

381

442

526

598

690

770

790

770

730

Feet Sec. ft.

March 10

2.27

2.28

2.30

2.32

2.31

2.30

2.29

2.28

2.27

2.26

2.26

2.27

48

52

52

52

52

52

52

52

48

48

48

48

March 16

3.12

3.30

3.47

3.64

3.83

4.02

4.20

4.40

4.62

4.88

5.19

5.50

130

153

177

190

216

242

268

296

324

366

411

458

March 22

6,68

6.45

6.25

6.10

5.95

5.82

5.71

5.60

5.50

5.42

5.35

5.30

670

616

580

562

544

508

490

474

458

442

442

426

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

2.28

2.32

2.35

2.40

2.41

2.45

2.47

2.52

2.54

2.56

2.58

2.60

52

52

56

60

60

64

64

69

74

74

78

78

March 17

5.95

6.50

7.15

8.00

9.35

LI. 10

L3.50

14.24

L3.83

L3.00

12.28

11.65

544

634

770

930

1,250

1,760

2,820

3,240

3,000

2,570

2,240

1,960

March 23

5.22

5.18

5.16

5.10

5.07

5.03

5.00

4.98

4.95

4.90

4.88

4.87

411

411

411

396

396

381

381

381

381

366

366

366

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

2.61

2.65

2.68

2.72

2.78

2.82

2.86

2.90

2.93

2.96

2.98

2.96

78

83

88

88

98

98

103

108

114

114

119

114

March 18

S.1.12

L0.70

10.32

LO.OO

9.72

9.45

9.20

8.96

8.75

8.55

8.31

8.09

1,760

1,630

1,510

1,420

1,330

1,250

1,200

1,150

1,100

1,050

990

950

March 24

4.87

4.85

4,78

4.64

4.53

4,43

4.35

4.34

4.28

4.26

4.24

4.23

366

351

351

323

309

295

295

281

281

281

267

267

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

2.93

2.90

2.88

2.86

2.84

2.83

2.82

2.80

2.80

2.80

2.79

2.78

114

108

108

103

103

103

98

98

98

98

98

98

March 19

7.83

7.54

7.25

6.88

6.52

6.08

5.64

5.22

5.00

4.83

4.75

4.85

890

830

770

710

634

562

474

411

381

351

351

351

March 25

4.22

4.21

4.20

4.20

4.18

4.16

4.15

4.14

4.11

4.10

4.08

4.05

267

267

267

267

267

267

267

253

253

253

253

240

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 4:30 p.m., 14.27 ft., 3,300 sec.-ft.
JAMES RIVER BASIN 147

Calfpasture River (formerly called North River) at Goshen, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°59'10n , long. 79°29'38", at highway bridge at Goshen, Rockbridge 

County, 500 feet below mouth of Mill Creek. Zero of gage is 1,381.69 feet above 

mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 190 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Twice-daily gage readings except for period Mar, 8-25, when a graph 

was used based on twice-daily gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with stage 

graphs at nearby stations.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 9-12. Defined by current-meter measurements below 2,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near control section; verified by comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood 

with records for other gaged areas in James River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 12,200 second-feet 11 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 11.71 feet, 

from flood marks).

1925-35: Maximum observed discharge, 8,370 second-feet (revised) Oct. 17, 1932 

(gage height, 9.75 feet).

Bean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Mean

Feb.

169

142

87

108

142

114

74

128

100

80

nonthlv

Mar.

690

540

455

374

338

322

297

272

249

229

 UsehsTcr

Apr. I

360

460

460

360

316

1,850

1,650

890

690

1,280

3ay

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

B. 1n sftf»r»nHFeb.

60

60

76

239

1,290

2,020

1,220

1,290

1,600

1,010

f

0A4-

Qage height, in feet, and discharge,

£o

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

K

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

K

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

2.56

2.56

j!.56

2,56

2.56

2.55

£

£

2.54

2.54

2,54

2.54

2.54

2.53

277

277

277

277

277

272

268

268

268

268

268

263

March 14

3.02

1

\

5,00

2.99

2.98

2.96

£>.94

2.92

2.90

£J.88

2.86

2.84

2.83

510

510

510

510

482

482

455

455

455

428

428

428

March 20

5.50

I>,51

5.47

5.40

5.32

I

t

>.22

>.14

5.10

5.03

5.00

5.10

5.32

1,

1,

960

960

1,960

1

1,

1,

1,

1,

1,i'i;

850

760

650

550

550

460

460

550

750

Feet Sec. ft.

March 9

2.52

2.52

2.E 2

2.52

2.51

2,50

2,4

2,4

9

8

2.48

2.48

2.48

2.48

258

258

258

258

253

248

243

239

239

239

239

239

March 15

2.82

2.e

2.6

1

0

2.80

2.79

Z.I 8

2.77

2.76

2.1 5

2.74

2.73

2.72

400

400

400

400

400

400

374

374

374

374

374

348

March 21

5.60

5,7 3

5.80

5.75

5.63

5,£

5.4

3

0

5.30

5.22

5.15

5.10

5.06

2^070

2,180

2,290

2,290

2,070

1,960

1,850

1,750

1,650

1,650

1,550

1,550

Feet

Mav.

308

568

578

477

388

348

6,360

6,490

1,880

1,710

Apr.

960

750

630

515

410

360

295

240

207

180

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

630

455

338

292

322

780

1,600

1,440

1,010

582

3.30

Mar.

1,910

1,320

1,080

971

802

630

690

960

750

570

460

1,065

6.47

Apr.

156

142

129

115

107

101

97

90

83

80

465

2.73

Ln second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

Sec. ft.

March 10

2.

2.

2,

2.

2.

2.

2,

2.

2.

48

47

47

46

46

46

4o

4q

45

2.44

2.

2.

43

42

239

234

£ 34

250

230

230

£

£

30

30

225

220

216

211

Mar oh 16

2.

2.

2.

2,

2.

2.

2.

2.

2.

2.

2.

2.

72

72

72

72

71

71

71

70

70

70

70

70

348

2

1

>48

>48

348

348

-48

348

348

2>48

348

348

348

March 22

5.

5.

5.

5.

4.

4.

4.

4.

4.

05

04

02

00

95

90

80

70

65

4.60

4,56

4,55

1.460

M60 1,460

1,460

1-460

1,2

1,2

70 80

1,200

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,120

Feet Sec. ft.

March 11

2.43

2,45

2,47

2.50

2,54

2 .-59

2.63

2.70

2.76

2^82

2.87

2.93

216

225

234

248

268

292

312

348

374

400

428

482

March 17

2.69

3.08

4.90

6.90

8.30

9.15

9.72

10.13

10.59

11.26

11.64

11.65

343

570

1,840

3,960

5,880

7,320

8,190

8,920

9,880

11,300

12,000

12,000

March 23

4.56

4.58

4.59

4.60

4.58

4.55

4.53

4.50

4.48

4.47

4.46

4.45

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,120

1,040

1,040

1T 040

1,000

1,000

1,000

Feet Seo . ft .

March 12

2.98

3.01

3.04

3.08

3.10

3,12

3.14

3.16

3,17

3,16

3.16

3.16

510

510

540

570

570

570

600

600

600

600

600

600

March 18

11,48

11.16

10.70

10.13

9.03

7,97

7.30

6,80

6.50

6,27

6.12

5.96

11,700

11,100

10,100

8-.920

6,980

5,330

4,260

3,550

3,150

2,890

2,650

2,530

March 24

4,44

4.43

4.44

4.45

4.43

4,42

4,41

4.40

4,39

4.37

4.35

4,33

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

960

960

960

960

925

925

925

Feet Sec. ft.

March 13

3.16

3.16

3,15

3.14

3,13

3.12

3.11

3.10

3.08

3,07

3.06

3.05

600

600

600

600

600

570

570

570

570

540

540

540

March 19

5.81

5,70

5.60

5,50

5.41

5.34

5.26

5.20

5.13

5,16

5,23

5.38

2,290

2,180

2.070

1,960

1^850

1,750

1,750

1,650

1,550

1,650

1,650

1,850

March 25

4.30

4.28

4,26

4.25

4,20

4.15

4.13

4,10

4.08

4.06

4.04

4.02

890

890

855

855

820

785

785

750

750

720

720

690

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 11 p.m., 11.71 ft., 12,200 sec.-ft.
FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AMD UPPER OHIO RIVERS

North River at Roekbridge Baths, Va.

Location.- Lat.

Baths, Roekbr_u _ ____ 

feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 329 square miles

370 54'26N , long. 790 25 I 20N , 700 feet above highway bridge at Roekbridge 

 idge County, and 1 mile above Hays Creek. Zero of gage is 1,100.33

extended to peaic stage oy velocity-area stuay near control section; verinea oy co 

parison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with records for other gaged 

areas in James River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 20,800 second-feet midnight Mar. 17 (gage height, 13.07 feet)c 

1928-35! Discharge, 11,500 second-feet (revised) Jan. 23, 1935 (gage height, 

10.08 feet). re***- \

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

242

266

222

277

308

212

193

163

209

178

Mar.

858

712

633

569

517

491

461

417

383

347

Apr.

622

878

1,060

760

672

3,230

2,750

1,440

1,320

2,180

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

165

166

184

1,480

3,150

2,450

1,560

2,730

1,880

1,170

Mar.

426

760

806

678

574

522

8,950

12,000

3,540

3,090

Apr.

1,560

1,280

1,060

858

718

633

528

461

402

356

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

858

655

517

538

724

1,700

2,340

1,650

1,100

941

3.08

Mar.

3,540

2,340

1,740

1,480

1,240

960

1,060

1,440

1,240

960

760

6.05

Apr.

321

289

262

238

222

212

196

184

178

169

2.83

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

S

ow

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

II

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

II

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

2.50

2.49

2.48

2.47

2.47

2.46

2.46

2.45

2.44

2.43

2.43

2.42

436

431

426

422

422

417

417

412

407

402

402

398

March 14

3.07

3.05

3.03

3.01

2.98

2.96

2.93

2.92

2.89

2.88

2.87

2.86

742

730

718

706

689.

678

661

655

639

633

628

622

March 20

6.11

6.08

5.99

5.88

5.76

5.63

5.53

5.43

5.34

5.28

5.27

5.37

3,670

3,670

3,540

3,410

3,220

3,090

2,970

2,850

2,730

2,670

2,620

2,730

Feet FSec.ft.

March 9

2.42

2.41

2.40

2.39

2.38

2.38

2.37

2.37

2.37

2.37

2.36

2.35

398

393

388

383

379

379

374

374

374

374

370

365

March 15

2.83

2.82

2.81

2.30

2.78

2.77

2.76

2.75

2.74

2.73

2.72

2.71

606

601

595

590

580

574

569

564

559

554

548

543

March 21

5.62

6.02

6.29

6.48

6.51

6.40

6.22

6.03

5.87

5.73

5.63

5.56

3,030

3,540

3,950

4,230

4,230

4,090

3,810

3,540

3,410

3,220

3,090

2,970

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

2.34

2.34

2.33

2.33

2.32

2.32

2.32

2.31

2.30

2.30

2.30

2.30

360

360

356

356

351

351

351

347

342

342

342

342

March 16

2.70

2.69

2.68

2.67

2.67

2.66

2.66

2.65

2.64

2.64

2.63

2.63

538

533

528

522

522

517

517

512

507

507

502

502

March 22

5.49

5.42

5.32

5.22

5.12

5.00

4.91

4.82

4.73

4.63

4.57

4.52

2,910

2,790

2,670

2,560

2,450

2,340

2,230

2,130

2,080

1,980

1,880

1,830

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

2.30

2.31

2.33

2.35

2.38

2.42

2.47

2.56

2.64

2.73

2.80

2.89

342

347

356

365

379

398

422

466

507

554

590

639

March 17

2.66

2.83

3.08

5.90

8.43

9.32

9.77

10.35

11.12

12.17

12.82

13. q1^

517

606

748

3,410

7,480

9,480

10,700

12,300

14,400

17,800

19,800

20,800

March 23

4.51

4.50

4.50

4.50

4.48

4.45

4.42

4.38

4.33

4.28

4.23

4.19

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,830

1,780

1,740

1,740

1,700

1,650

1,600

1,560

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

2.97

3.01

3.03

3.05

3.07

3.10

3.12

3.17

3.22

3.23

3.23

3.23

683

706

718

730

742

760

773

806

825

858

858

858

March 18

12.92

12.76

12.47

11.72

10.62

9.55

8.75

8.20

7.79

7.47

7.20

6.93

20,100

19,800

18,800

16,200

12,900

10,200

8,320

7,100

6,360

5,830

5,320

4,840

March 24

4.16

4.14

4.14

4.15

4.14

4.13

4.12

4.11

4.08

4.06

4.03

4.02

1,520

1,520

1,520

1,520

1,520

1,520

1,480

1,480

1,480

1,440

1,440

1,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

3.23

3.22

3.22

3.21

3.19

3.18

3.17

3.15

3.13

3.12

3.11

3.09

858

825

825

825

818

812

806

792

780

773

766

754

March 19

6.72

6.50

6.30

6.12

5.94

5.78

5.67

5.59

5.66

5.82

5.93

6.03

4,530

4,230

3,950

3,670

3,410

3,280

3,090

3,030

3,090

3,280

3,410

3,540

March 25

3.98

3.93

3.90

3.86

3.82

3.80

3.77

3.73

3.70

3.66

3.62

3.58

1,400

1,360

1,320

1,280

1,240

1,240

1,200

1,200

1,170

1,140

1,100

1,100
JAMES RIVER BASIN 149

North River near Lexington, Va.

.'ooation.- Lat. 37°48'4911 , long. 79°26'4211 , 300 yards above Lime Kiln highway bridge

and £ I/2 miles above Lexlngton, Rockbridge County. Zero of gage Is 906.56 feet

above mean sea level, 

rralnage area.- 487 square miles. 

i'^ie-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for periods 3!15 p.m. Mar, 16 to

midnight Mar. 25, when It was based on flood marks and shape of stage graph, at RookbrUfge Baths, and Mar. 26 to Apr. 7, when there was no record. 

rtage-<iaoharge relation.,^ Defined by current-meter measurements below 9,000 seoondfeetj extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near control section; verified

by comparison of peak flow and total run-off of flood with records for other gaged

area's in James River Basin. 

."axlTHB.- 1936: Discharge, 30,100 second-feet 5 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 23.58 feet,

from flood Karke ).

1925-35: Discharge, 13,800 second-feet Dec. 1, 1934 (gage height, 14.29

feet), 

'^marlsa.- Discharge for period Mar. 26 to Apr. 7 based on records for station at Rookbridge Baths,

Mean discharge, in second-feet* 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

368

384

356

551

561

392

372

310

356

517

Mar.

1,180

970

882

800

725

700

650

584

547

519

Apt.

1,000

1,300

1,500

1,100

1,000

4,500

3,800

1,880

1,760

2,730

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

288

321

344

2,430

4,510

3,600

2,460

3,890

2,620

1,800

Mar.

574

940

1,030

882

750

692

8,320

20,000

5,000

4,360

Apr.

2,110

1,750

1,550

1,290

1,120

1,020

930

840

752

686

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

2R

29

30

31

"un-off , in laches. ...........................................

Feb.

1,290

970

775

886

1,370

2,160

2,840

2,160

1,470

3.06

Mar.

4,630

3,060

2,340

2,000

1,730

1,300

1,500

1,900

1,600

1,300

1,100

2

'ZA'l

5.54

Apr.

623

568

515

479

443

417

392

372

360

344

1

0-Z Q

2.85

OagW height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

i|

2

4

6

8

-.0

N

2

4

6

8

 o

M

2

4

6

8

\0

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet

Mar

5.74

3.72

3.71

&.70

3.68

5.67

3,66

3.65

3.64

3.63

5.63

3.62

Sec.ft.

eh 8

626

602

602

602

593

588

584

579

574

570

570

565

March 14

4.36

4.34

4.31

4.28

4.26

4.23

4.21

4.18

4.16

4.14

4.12

4.10

940

940

910

910

882

882

855

855

828

828

800

800

March 20

8.15

8.27

8.27

8.22

8.10

7.97

7.78

7.62

7.50

7.43

7.42

7.53

4,770

4,900

4,900

4,770

4,640

4,510

4,250

4,010

3,890

3,770

3,770

3,890

Feet Seo.ft.

March 9

3.61

3.60

3.60

3.59

5.58

5.57

3.56

3.55

3.55

3.54

3.54

3.53

561

556

556

551

547

542

538

533

533

528

528

524

March 16

4.09

4.07

4.05

4.03

4,02

4.01

3.99

3.98

3.97

3.96

3.95

3.94

800

775

775

775

750

750

750

750

725

725

725

725

March 21

7.70

7.97

8.22

8.43

8.57

8.56

8.40

8.23

8.03

7.83

7.68

7.53

4,130

4,510

4,770

5,030

5,290

5,290

5,030

4,770

4,510

4,250

4,130

3,890

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.54

3.53

3.53

3.52

3.52

3.51

3.51

3.50

3.50

3.50

3.49

3.49

528

524

524

519

519

515

515

510

510

510

506

506

March 16

3.93

3.92

3.91

3.90

3.89

3.88

3.87

3.86

3.86

3.85

3.85

3.85

725

700

700

700

700

700

675

675

675

675

675

675

March 22

7.40

7.24

7.12

7.00

6.88

6.80

6.69

6.60

6.52

6.46

6.40

6.33

3,770

3,530

3,410

3,290

3,170

3,060

2,950

2,840

2,730

2,680

2,620

2,560

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.49

3.49

3.49

3.50

3.53

3.58

3.62

3.67

3.73

3.82

3.92

3.98

506

506

506

510

524

547

565

588

626

650

700

750

March 17

3.85

3.86

3.89

4.08

4.80

6.80

11.20

14.10

15.90

17.00

19.10

21. 4,

675

675

700

800

1,220

3,060

8,950

13,500

16,500

18,400

22,000

26,100

March 23

6.30

6.25

6.22

6.20

6.15

6.12

6.08

6.06

6.03

6.00

5.99

5.98

2,510

2,460

2,410

2,410

2,360

2.310

2,310

2,260

2,260

2,210

2,210

2,210

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

4.04

4.13

4.21

4.26

4.28

4.32

4.38

4.44

4.47

4.51

4.53

4.55

775

828

855

882

910

910

970

1,000

1,000

1,030

1,060

1,060

March 18

23.00

23.59

23,. 54

22.80

20.80

18.50

15.90

14.30

12.70

11.00

10.80

10.20

29,000

30,100

29,900

28,600

25,000

21,000

16,500

13,500

11,300

9,550

8,350

7,480

March 24

5.92

5.90

5.87

5.82

5.80

5.80

5.77

5.73

5.70

5.68

5.65

5.62

2,110

2,110

2,060

2,020

2,020

2,020

1,980

1,980

1,930

1,930

1,880

1,840

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

4.55

4.54

4.53

4.52

4.51

4.49

4.47

4.45

4.42

4.40

4.38

4.37

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,030

1,030

1,030

1,000

1,000

970

970

970

940

March 19

9.70

9.22

8.83

8.52

8.20

7.97

7.80

7.70

7.70

7.77

7.85

8.00

6,780

6,080

5,550

5,160

4,770

4,510

4,250

4,130

4,130

4,250

4,250

4,510

March 25

5.60

5.60

5.60

5.55

5.50

5.45

5.42

5.40

5.40

5.38

5.32

5.30

1,840

1,840

1,840

1,800

1,750

1,710

1,670

1,670

1,670

1,670

1,590

1,590

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 5 a.m., 23.58 ft., 30,100 sec.-ft.
150 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Kerrs Creek near Lexington, Va.

location.- Lat. 370 49'33n , long. 790 26<28n , at highway bridge 2t miles north of

 Lexington, Rockbridge County, and 1* miles above mouth. Zero of gage is 972.04

feet above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 34 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Twice-daily gage readings except for period Mar. 8-25, when a

graph was used based on twice-daily gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with

stage graphs of nearby stations. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 11, 12. Defined by current-meter

 measurements below 300 aecond-feet and extended to peak stage by velocity-area 

study near control section and comparison of instantaneous flow and total run-off 

of flood with determinations on other streams in James River Basin.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, about 4,090 second-feet 11 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 12.82 

feet, from flood marks).

1927-35: Maximum discharge observed, 1,700 seoond-feet Apr. 16, 1933 (gage 

height, 8.76 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

48

28

26

63

28

28

31

16

26

22

Mar.

52

49

46

42

39

36

34

29

31

30

Apr.

88

120

195

120

102

466

208

132

154

158

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

15

20

300

370

666

200

136

212

127

93

Mar.

30

32

30

29

28

26

8,480

1,890

380

236

Apr.

147

170

112

96

90

76

68

65

67

64

Day

21

?.?,

?,?>

24

25

26

27

28

29

ao

31

Rim-off, In inches ............................................

Feb.

73

66

60

68

116

136

118

86

68

3.49

Mar.

331

182

139

127

103

95

109

182

120

109

98

o^n

7.79

Apr.

53

52

47

44

42

34

34

36

31

32

103

3.38

flags height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

3

S

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March B

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.91

3.91

3.91

3.91

3.92

29

29

29

29

29

29

29

30

30

SO

30

31

March 14

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

29

29

29

29

29

29

29

29

29

29

29

29

March 20

5.30

5.28

5.26

5.23

5.20

6.19

6.15

5.13

5.09

5.07

5.10

5.25

264

264

250

250

236

236

222

222

208

195

208

250

Feet ] Sec. ft.

l~ March 9

3.92

3.92

3.93

3.96

3.97

3.94

3.91

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.91

3.92

31

31

32

34

35

33

30

29

29

29

30

31

March 15

3.90

3.91

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.88

3.87

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

29

30

29

29

29

28

27

26

26

26

26

26

March 21

6.50

5,8&

6.93

5.83

5.68

5.58

5.45

5.36

5.29

5,21

5.17

5.15

326

430

466

448

394

360

310

279

264

236

222

222

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.93

3.93

3.93

3.92

3.91

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.91

32

32

32

31

30

29

29

29

29

29

29

30

Maroh 16

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.86

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.86

3.88

26

26

26

26

26

26

26

ae

26

26

26

28

March 22

5.13

5.10

6.09

5.06

5.03

5.00

4.95

4.92

4.90

4.89

4.87

4.86

222

208

208

195

195

182

170

158

158

156

151

149

Peet Sec . ft .

March 11

3.91

3.92

3.92

3.92

3.92

3,91

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.91

30

31

31

31

31

30

29

29

29

29

29

30

March 17

4.68

6.35

8.30

9.90

10.50

10.90

11.20

11.60

12.05

12.50

12.75

12.75

136

656

1,460

2,250

2,600

2,840

3,020

3,260

3,530

3,880

4,090

4,090

March 23

4.86

4,86

4.85

4.85

4.82

4.80

4.80

4.78

4.78

4.77

4.76

4.76

149

149

147

147

140

136

136

132

132

130

128

126

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

3.92

3.93

3.94

3.96

3.96

3.94

3.93

3.92

3.92

3.92

3.92

3.92

31

32

33

34

34

33

32

31

31

31

31

31

March 18

12.46

11.90

11.15

10.15

9.06

8,24

7.60

7.15

6.81

6.58

6.35

6.20

3,880

3,460

3,020

2,420

1,850

1,420

1,160

975

815

735

655

578

March 24

4.75

4.75

4.75

4,75

4.76

4.76

4.76

4.77

4.78

4.76

4.74

4,72

126

126

126

126

12£

128

128

130

132

128

124

120

Feet Sec . ft .

March 13

3.92

3.91

3.92

3.92

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

31

30

31

31

29

29

29

29

29

29

29

29

March 19

6.07

6.96

6,85

5.76

5.63

5.57

5.60

5.48

5.39

5.37

5.35

5.33

540

502

448

412

377

343

326

326

294

279

279

279

March 25

4.70

4.67

4.66

4.64

4.62

4.61

4.60

4,60

4.60

4.59

4.58

4.57

116

111

109

105

102

100

98

98

98

96

95

95

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 11 p.m., 12.82 ft., 4,090 sec.-ft.
JAMES RIVER BASIN 151

Tye River at Roselaiid, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°45', long. V8°59', at highway bridge three-quarters of a mile 

southwest of Roseland, Kelson County, and three-quarters of a mile above Hat 

Creek. Zero of gage is 655.78 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 68 square miles.

Gage-height "record.- Gage read twice daily. A stage graph was constructed for the 

period Mar. 8-25, based on gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with stage 

graphs of nearby stations.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 700 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with records for other James 

River tributaries.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 3,970 second-feet 9:30 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 8.92 

feet, from flood marks).

1927-35: Discharge, about 6,000 second-feet (revised) Sept. 16, 1934 (gage 

height, 10.02 feet, from flood marks).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

126

113

105

130

120

100

94

100

109

90

Mar.

180

167

154

142

135

126

120

109

104

100

Apr.

299

318

244

227

217

865

645

515

467

490

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

100

126

86

590

540

400

338

590

400

318

Mar.

134

429

419

333

274

236

1,510

2,220

1,240

957

Apr.

444

422

358

318

299

280

237

227

210

186

Day

21

22

23

24

25

2fi

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in inches ............................................

Feb.

244

210 r?5

167

227

280

280

244

204

3.61

Mar.

810

716

591

525

446

400

422

422

379

358

318

7.92

Apr.

175

180

159

149

142

130

120

120

126

109

4.74

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

w

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec . ft .

March 8

3.91

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.90

3.89

Ill

109

109

109

109

109

109

109

109

109

109

107

March 14

4.72

4.70

4.68

4.67

4.65

4.63

4.61

4.60

4.59

4.58

4.56

4.55

358

358

358

338

338

338

318

318

318

318

299

299

March 20

6.00

5.98

5.97

S.95

5.92

5.87

5.81

5.75

5.70

5.68

5.66

5,65

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

980

980

920

920

865

865

865

810

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.88

3.88

3.89

3.90

3.89

3.88

3.87

3.86

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

105

105

107

109

107

105

103

101

100

100

100

100

March 15

4.54

4.52

4.51

4.50

4.49

4.48

4.47

4.46

4.45

4.45

4.44

4.43

299

280

280

280

280

280

262

262

262

262

262

262

March 21

5.65

5.65

5.65

5.65

5.65

5.65

5.65

5.65

5.65

5.64

5.64

5.60

810

810

810

810

810

810

810

810

810

810

810

810

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.85

3.86

3.87

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

101

103

Marc-h 16

4.42

4.41

4.40

4.40

4.39

4.38

4..S7

4.36

4.35

4.34

4.33

4.33

244

244

244

244

241

237

234

230

227

224

220

220

March 22

5.58

5.55

5.50

5.46

5.44

5.41

5.40

5.33

5.35

5.30

5.30

5.29

810

810

755

755

700

700

700

672

672

645

645

645

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.88

3.88

3.88

3.39

3.91

3.94

3.96

3.99

4.01

4.12

4.30

4.53

105

105

105

107

111

117

122

128

132

159

210

299

March 17

4.32

4.31

4.30

4.30

4.38

5.00

6.43

7.78

8.45

8.85

8.90

8.72

217

213

210

210

237

490

1,280

2,410

3,190

3,810

3,970

3,650

March 23

5.28

5.27

5.26

5.25

5.22

5.19

5.18

5.16

5.15

5.13

5.13

5.11

645

618

618

618

590

590

590

565

565

565

540

540

Feet Sec.ft.

March 1,2

4.72

4.83

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

358

422

444

444

444

444

444

444

444

444

444

444

March 18

8.46

8.22

7.95

7.70

7.50

7.35

7.26

7.15

7.10

7.04

6.92

6.82

3,340

2,900

2,640

2,300

2,100

2,010

1,920

1,840

1,760

1,680

1,610

1,540

March 24

5.11

5.10

5.10

5.10

5.09

5.08

5.07

5.06

5.05

5.03

5.01

5.00

540

640

540

540

540

540

515

515

515

515

490

490

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.90

4.86

4.83

4.81

4.79

4.76

4.75

4.74

444

444

444

444

444

422

422

400

400

379

379

379

March 19

6.70

6.60

6.50

6.40

6.34

6.27

6.23

6.17

6.15

6.10

6.06

6.03

1,470

1,400

1,340

1,280

1,220

1,220

1,160

1,160

1,160

1,100

1,100

1,040

March 25

4.98

4.97

4.95

4.93

4.90

4.90

4.88

4.86

4.85

4.84

4.83

4.82

490

467

467

467

444

444

444

422

422

422

422

400

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 9:30 P.m., 8.92 ft.. 3,970 sec.-ft.

2080 37 II
152 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Hardware River near Scottsvllle, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°50', long. 78°29', at bridge on Woodridge Scottsvllle highway 3

miles north of Scottsvllle, Albemarle County, and 11-jj miles above mouth. Zero of gage

Is 308,50 feet above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.'- 104 square miles. 

Sage-height record.- Twice-daily gage readings except for period Mar. 8-25, when a

graph was used based on twice-daily gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with

stage graphs of nearby stations, 

Stage-discharge relation..- Defined by current-meter measurements below 4,000 second-feet;

extended to peak stage on basis of velocity-area study near control section; verified

by comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with records for other

James River tributaries. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 4,550 second-feet 9 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 16.45 feet,

from flood marks).

1925-35: Discharge, 6,150 second-feet Sept. 5 or 6, 1935 (gage height, 19.6

feet, from flood marks).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

135

130

130

157

135

124

124

130

140

140

Mar.

130

124

109

104

99

94

84

82

76

74

Apr.

260

274

288

274

246

303

718

348

380

466

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

130

124

135

840

1,040

428

325

278

263

248

Mar.

127

404

289

214

145

129

1,730

2,510

923

594

Apr.

348

318

288

260

246

246

232

218

205

205

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

220

207

124

119

157

169

181

157

140

OOQ

2.37

Mar.

421

402

375

358

338

3l8

380

348

333

303

274

384

4.25

Apr.

192

192

179

167

167

167

167

155

149

143

2.79

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

3

oW

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet | Sec. ft.

March 8

3.09

3.09

3.08

3.08

3.07

3.06

3.05

3.04

3.04

3.04

3.03

3.03

84

84

84

84

80

80

80

80

80

80

80

80

March 14

4.40

4.40

4.40

4.36

4.33

4.30

4.25

4.21

4.15

4.09

4.00

3.92

234

234

234

234

220

220

207

207

207

194

181

169

March 20

6.99

6.95

6.85

6.72

6.60

6.40

6.28

6.15

6.03

5.90

5.80

5.72

718

718

674

652

630

586

564

544

504

484

466

448

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.03

3.02

3.02

3.02

3.01

3.01

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

3.00

,_ 3.00

80

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

March 15

3.82

3.75

3.71

3.69

3.68

3.67

3.66

3.64

3.64

3.63

3.62

3.63

157

157

146

146

146

140

140

140

140

140

135

140

March 21

5.68

5.62

5.60

5.56

5.54

5.52

5.51

5.50

5.50

5.49

5.48

5.47

448

430

430

430

412

412

412

412

412

412

412

412

Feet Seo.ft.

March 10

3.00

2.99

2.98

2.98

2.97

2.97

2.96

2.96

2.98

3.00

3.03

3.06

75

75

75

75

70

70

70

70

75

75

80

80

Marc-h 16

3.62

3.61

3.60

3.58

3.56

3.55

3.52

3.50

3.50

3.49

3.48

3.47

135

135

135

135

130

130

124

124

124

124

124

119

March 22

5.46

5.46

5.46

5.46

5.45

5.44

5,43

5.41

5.39

5,38

5.36

5.35

412

412

412

412

396

396

396

396

396

396

396

396

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.09

3.12

3.16

3.21

3.25

3.32

3.39

3.44

3.62

3.90

4.40

4.90

84

84

89

94

99

104

114

119

135

169

234

309

March 17

3.46

3.45

3.45

3.44

3.58

4.90

8.90

13.20

15.78

16.35

16.40

16.05

119

119

119

119

135

309

1,250

2,950

4,250

4,550

4,550

4,350

March 23

5.34

5.33

5.32

5.32

5.30

5.28

5.26

5.24

5.22

5,20

5.20

5.20

380

380

380

380

380

380

380

364

364

364

364

364

Feet Seo.ft.

March 12

5.30

5.50

5.57

5.60

5.60

5.59

5.55

5.54

5.50

5.40

5.30

5.20

375

410

428

428

428

428

428

410

410

39S

375

358

March 18

15.53

14.80

13.90

13.00

12.25

11.55

10.95

10.. 45

10.00

9.62

9.30

9.02

4,100

3,750

3,300

2,860

2,540

2,300

2,060

1,820

1,660

1,500

1,380

1,280

March 24

5.20

5.19

5.18

5.18

5.17

5.16

5.15

5.14

5.13

5,12

5.11

5.10

364

364

364

364

364

364

364

348

348

348

348

348

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

5.10

4.95

4.88

4.80

4.70

4.65

4.60

4.57

4.50

4.46

4.45

4.44

325

325

309

293 278-

263

263

263

248

248

234

234

March 19

8.80

8.55

8.32

8.10

7.90

7.68

7.46

7.25

7.08

7.00

6.95

6.98

1,220

1,160

1,070

1,010

950

890

840

765

740

718

718

718

March 25

5.09

5.09

5.0,

5.C

5. 04

5.02

5.01

5.00

4.98

4.96

4.95

4.93

348

348

348

348

333

333

333

333

333

333

333

318

Supplemental record*.- Mar. 17, 9 p..m., 16.45 ft., 4,550 sec.-ft.
JAMES RIVER BASIN 153

Rivanna River at Palmyra, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°51', long. 78°16', 200 feet below highway bridge at Palmyra, Fluvanna

County.

Drainage area.- 675 square miles. 

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for period 5 p.m. Mar. 17 to 6

a.m. Mar.19, when it was baaed on flood marks and shape of stage graphs at nearby

stations. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-4, 7-13. Defined by current-meter

measurements below 14,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study

near control section; verified by comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of

flood with records for other James River tributaries. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 24,800 second-feet 10 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 29.26 feet,

from flood mark).

1934-35: Discharge, 20,400 second-feet Sept. 6, 1935 (gage height, 26.27 feet;.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

620

600

700

800

1,250

740

700

800

1,000

820

Mar.

1,300

1,150

1,060

988

898

852

808

762

740

720

Apr.

1,030

1,200

1,350

1,080

965

2,200

2,980

1,980

1,600

2,620

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

760

720

700

6,030

6,870

4,540

3,040

3,900

2,980

2,040

Mar.

1,080

2,860

3,580

2,200

1,710

1,400

7,370

22,400

8,880

3,700

Apr.

2,150

1,760

1,550

1,350

1,200

1,120

988

898

852

808

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

1,600

1,350

1,150

1,080

1,250

1,980

2,100

1,880

1,500

2.94

Mar.

4,090

3,160

2,380

1,980

1,760

1,550

1,500

1,600

1,350

1,220

1,120

4.75

Apr.

785

762

720

700

660

640

640

600

600

580

1

O~\O

2.01

Page height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

£

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

3.69

3.68

3.67

3.67

3.65

3.64

3.63

3.63

3.63

3.63

3.62

3.62

785

785

762

762

762

762

762

762

762

762

740

740

March 14

7.08

6.92

6.78

6.65

6.54

6.42

6.33

6.25

6.16

6.09

6.03

5.96

2,560

2,440

2,380

2,260

2,200

2,150

2,100

2,040

2,040

1,980

1,930

1,930

March 20

10.25

9.87

9.60

9.35

9.12

8.91

8.73

8.57

8.42

8.28

8.16

8.11

4,480

4,280

4,090

3,960

3,760

3,640

3,520

3,460

3,340

3,280

3,220

3,160

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.62

3.61

3.60

3.59

3.59

3.58

3.57

3.57

3.57

3.57

3.57

3.56

740

740

740

740

740

740

720

720

720

720

720

720

March 15

5.89

5.82

5.75

5.68

5.61

5.55

5.51

5.46

5.41

5.36

5.31

5.28

1,880

1,820

1,820

1,760

1,710

1,710

1,660

1,660

1,600

1,600

1,550

1,550

March 21

8.20

8.50

8.92

9.30

9.80

10.35

10.65

10.64

10.47

10.16

a. so

9.42

3,220

3,400

3,640

3,900

4,220

4,610

4,740

4,740

4,680

4,480

4,220

3,960

Feet Sec . ft .

March 10

3.57

3.57

3.57

3.55

3.55

3.54

3.53

3.52

3.52

3.52

3.52

3.53

720

720

720

720

720

720

720

700

700

700

700

720

March 16

5.23

5.18

5.13

5.10

5.06

5.03

5.00

4.98

4.92

4.89

4.86

4.84

1,500

1,500

1,450

1,450

1,450

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,350

1,350

1,350

1,300

March 22

9.05

8.78

8.52

8.31

8.13

7.98

7.85

7.73

7.62

7.50

7.40

7.30

3,700

3,580

3,400

3,280

3,160

3,100

2,980

2,920

2,860

2,800

2,740

2,680

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.53

3.56

3.58

3.64

3.76

3.98

4.26

4.65

5.17

5.58

5.91

6.22

720

720

740

762

808

920

1,030

1,220

1,500

1,710

1,880

2,040

March 17

4.80

4.78

4.78

4.78

4.81

6.95

12.45

17.45

20.70

24.60

26.45

27.52

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,300

2,500

5,960

9,890

13,300

18,200

20,600

22,100

March 23

7.23

7.14

7.06

6.96

6.88

6.81

6.73

6.68

6.62

6.52

6.46

6.40

2,620

2,560

2,560

2,500

2,440

2,380

2,320

2,320

2,260

2,200

2,200

2,150

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

6.59

6.93

7.11

7.14

7.11

7.04

7.05

7.40

8.23

9.04

9.41

9.68

2,260

2,440

2,560

2,560

2,560

2,500

2,500

2,740

3,220

3,700

3,960

4,160

March 18

28.21

28.66

29.02

29.22

29.26

29.20

29.00

28.40

27.30

25.80

24.15

23.00

23,100

23,800

24,300

24,600

24,800

24,600

24,300

23,400

21,800

19,700

17,700

16,100

March 24

6.34

6.29

6.23

6.18

6.14

6.10

6.07

6.03

5.99

5.94

5.90

5.87

2,100

2,100

2,040

2,040

1,980

1,980

1,980

1,930

1,930

1,880

1,880

1,880

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

9,88

9,89

9.73

9.48

9.12

8.82

8.46

8.15

7.88

7.66

7.45

7.24

4,280

4,280

4,160

4,020

3,760

3,580

3,400

3,220

3,040

2,920

2,740

2,620

March 19

21.65

20.35

19.15

18.20

16.92

15.25

14.00

13.00

12.24

11.60

11.13

10.67

14,400

13,000

11,700

10,600

9,440

8,040

7,080

6,380

5,820

5,400

5,060

4,800

March 25

5.83

5.81

5.77

5.73

5.68

5,65

5.62

5.58

5.55

5.52

5.48

5.45

1,820

1,820

1,820

1,760

1,760

1,710

1,710

1,710

1,710

1,660

1,660

1,600
154 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Appomattox River at Farmville, Va.

Location.- Lat 0 37°18', long. 78°23 f , at highway bridge 1,000 feet north of Farmville, 

Prince Edward County, and l|j miles below Buffalo Creek.

Drainage area.- 306 square miles.

gage-height record,- Water-stage recorder graph. Ho record Feb. 1-3, 8-14.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 2,800 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with other records on the same 

stream.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 4,870 second-feet 12:30 p.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 17.72 

feet).

1926-35: Maximum discharge observed, 6,960 second-feet Aug. 12, 1928 (gage 

height, 21.10 feet).

Remarks.- Discharge for periods Feb. 1-3, 8-14, determined on basis of records for 

stations at Mattoax and Petersburg.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

300

300

350

778

1,050

706

380

340

320

320

Mar.

348

334

332

325

314

314

304

298

296

306

Apr.

368

510

766

476

382

645

1,120

640

485

1,050

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

400

500

450

900

3,030

2,460

1,280

1,090

975

624

Mar.

604

858

691

475

402

370

1,660

4,490

2,480

1,170

Apr.

1,170

758

584

460

406

388

345

318

304

296

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

494

419

378

382

403

431

420

406

361

2.46

Mar.

912

685

490

426

408

398

494

1,080

899

524

423

2.80

Apr.

286

296

320

290

272

266

264

254

250

244

1.73

gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

£

w

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

11

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

5.15

5.14

5.14

5.14

5.13

5.13

5.13

5.13

5.13

5.13

5.13

5.13

302

302

302

302

302

302

302

302

302

302

302

302

March 14

6.73

6,63

6.54

6.48

6.42

6.34

6.32

6.28

6.18

6.16

6.13

6.09

524

508

493

493

478

463

463

463

448

448

433

433

March 20

11.73

11.31

10.87

10.48

10.07

9.77

9.48

9.24

9.07

9.03

9.03

9.06

1,630

1,490

1,370

1,260

1,160

1,090

1,020

950

928

906

906

928

Feet | Sec. ft.

March 9

5.13

5.12

5.12

5.12

5.14

5.12

5.08

5.14

5.07

5.11

5.12

5.12

302

295 295"

295

302

295

295

302

288

295

295

295

March 15

6. 05

6.03

5.95

5.92

5.89

5.87

5.85

5.83

5.81

5.79

5.78

5.75

418

418

418

404

404

404

390

390

390

390

390

390

March 21

9.07

9.07

9.08

9.07

9.03

9.03

9.08

9.12

9.13

9.05

8.92

8.77

928

928

928

928

906

906

928

928

928

906

884

862

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

5.12

5.15

5.17

5.24

5.12

5.17

5.19

5.19

5.19

5.22

5.28

5.33

295

302

302

314

295

302

308

308

308

308

321

328

March 16

5.73

5.72

5.70

5.69

5.71

5.66

5.65

5.63

5.55

5.60

5.62

5.62

376

376

376

376

376

376

362

362

355

362

362

362

March 22

8.63

8.43

8.33

8.19

8.06

7.90

7.75

7.68

7.56

7.42

7.34

7.24

818

776

756

736

716

676

656

636

618

582

564

546

Feet | Sec. ft.

March 11

5.46

5.66

5.92

6.31

6.58

7.07

7.41

7.85

8.26

8.61

8.88

9.00

341

376

404

463

508

588

638

710

800

860

920

940

March 17

5.62

5.63

5.64

5.73

6.20

10.20

11.70

13.25

15.04

15.69

15.87

16.16

362

362

362

376

448

1,210

1,630

2,250

3,250

3,670

3,790

3,970

March 23

7.16

7.08

7.02

6.97

6.92

6.85

6.79

6.75

6.62

6.67

6.66

6.64

546

528

512

512

496

480

480

480

448

464

464

448

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

9.02

8.94

8.84

8.76

8.69

8.62

8.53

8.43

8.34

8.26

8.19

8.14

940

920

900

900

880

860

840

820

800

800

782

764

March 18

16.49

16.85

17.18

17.42

17.62

17.70

17.69

17.55

17.25

16.84

16.31

15.75

4,150

4,330

4,570

4,690

4,810

4,870

4,870

4,810

4,570

4,330

4,030

3,730

March 24

6.60

6.58

6.55

6.52

6.50

6.46

6.44

6.42

6.34

6.39

6.39

6.38

448

448

448

433

433

433

418

418

403

418

418

418

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

8.16

8.20

8.22

8.17

8.01

7.81

7.57

7.38

7.22

7.07

6.93

6.82

782

782

782

782

746

710

674

638

604

588

556

540

March 19

15.05

14.59

14.25

13.95

13.70

13.46

13.27

13.07

12.87

12.63

12.37

12.03

3,250

3,010

2,770

2,660

2,500

2,400

2,300

2,200

2,100

1,970

1,880

1,730

March 25

6.38

6.37

6.36

6.36

6.34

6.34

6.38

6.27

6.33

6.34

6.34

6.33

418

418

418

418

403

403

418

403

403

403

403

403

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 17.72 ft=, 4,870 sec.-ft.
JAMES RIVER BASIN 155 

Appomattox River at Mattoax, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°25', long. 77°52', at Southern Railway bridge at Mattoax, Amelia

County, a quarter of a mile above Skinquarter Creek. 

Drainage area.- 729 square miles (revised). 

Sage-height re"cord.- Sage read twice daily. A graph was constructed for period Mar.

8-25, based on gage readings, flood mark, and comparison with stage graphs of nearby

stations. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1, 2. Defined by current-meter measurements below 4,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study near

control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood with

other records on the same stream. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 7,060 second-feet 11 p.m. Mar. 20 (gage height, 25.27 feet,

from flood marks).

1900-1905, 1926-351 Maximum discharge observed, 12,200 second-feet May 25,

1901 (gage height, 24.6 feet, former datum).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

560

580

658

854

1,890

2,180

2,020

880

828

802

Mar.

802

754

706

706

682

658

636

614

593

605

Apr.

956

1,010

1,520

1,610

1,180

1,150

2,040

2,110

1,840

2,320

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

906

1,240

932

2,690

3,790

4,450

5,580

5,940

4,890

3,980

Mar.

995

1,980

2,340

2,010

1,190

871

1,250

3,550

5,310

6,720

Apr.

2,820

2,970

2,460

1,420

1,100

1,040

904

802

730

706

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, In Inches. ...........................................

Feb.

1,830

1,240

1,070

906

730

1,040

1,040

984

880

2.83

Mar.

6,640

5,420

3,250

1,280

1,070

1,010

1,100

1,640

2,180

2,210

1,180

3.06

Apr.

660

638

660

682

638

594

594

572

550

53d

1.87

Gage height, In feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

fcgM

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

7.74

7.73

7.72

7.71

7.70

7.69

7.68

7.67

7.67

7.67

7.66

7.66

614

614

614

614

614

614

614

614

614

614

614

614

March 14

13.30

13.18

13.05

12.93

12.80

12.65

12.50

12.34

12.15

11.90

11.62

11.36

2,250

2,220

2,150

2,120

2,090

2,020

1,990

1,930

1,890

1,800

1,700

1,640

March 20

23.60

23.85

24.10

24.30

24,50

24.65

24.75

24.90

25.05

25.15

25.25

25.26

6,300

6,390

6,520

6,620

6,700

6,750

6,840

6,880

6,930

7,020

7,020

7,060

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

7.65

7.65

7.65

7.64

7.64

7.64

7.64

7.65

7.65

7.65

7.64

7.64

592

592

592

592

592

592

592

592

592

592

592

592

March 15

11.05

10.75

10.50

10.22

9.98

9.80

9.63

9.45

9.32

9.19

9.08

9.00

1,510

1,450

1,360

1,270

1,210

1,150

1,100

1,040

1,010

984

958

932

March 21

25.20

25.10

24.92

24.75

24.58

24.40

24.20

24.00

23.82

23.62

23.45

23.32

7,020

6,980

6,880

6,840

6,750

6,660

6,570

6,480

6,390

6,300

6,210

6,160

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

7.63

7.63

7.63

7.63

7.65

7.68

7.67

7.66

7.70

7.72

7.74

7.75

592

592

592

592

592

614

614

614

614

614

614

636

March 16

8.92

8.86

8.80

8.76

8.75

8.73

8.71

8.69

8.69

8.68

8.67

8.65

906

906

880

880

880

854

854

854

854

854

854

828

March 22

23.15

22.95

22.75

22.50

22.22

21.86

21.42

20.90

20.40

20.00

19.70

19.46

6,120

6,030

5,940

5,800

5,670

5,540

5,310

5,090

4,890

4,730

4,610

4,530

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

7.77

7.79

7.86

8.15

8.62

9.08

9.48

9.90

10.25

10.55

10.88

11.15

636

636

658

750

828

958

1,070

1,180

1,270

1,390

1,480

1,570

March 17

8.63

8.61

8.58

8.55

8.70

9.30

10.05

10.80

11.53

12.15

12.80

13.32

828

828

828

828

854

1,010

1,210

1,450

1,670

1,890

2,090

2,250

March 23

19.25

19.00

18.75

18.35

17.70

16.62

15.48

14.48

13.60

12.85

12.25

11.75

4,410

4,330

4,250

4,090

3,810

3,380

2,970

2,600

2,280

2,010

1,800

1,680

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 12

11.45

11.70

11.90

12.15

12.35

12.53

12.68

12.85

13.00

13.15

13.30

13.40

1,640

1,730

1,800

1,890

1,960

1,990

2,050

2,090

2,150

2,220

2,S50

2,290

March 18

13.90

14.45

15.05

15.65

16.35

17.05

17.80

18.53

19.09

19.35

19.50

19.54

2,460

2,630

2,830

3,050

3,330

3,560

3,860

4,130

4,370

4,490

4,530

4,530

March 24

11.35

11.02

10.80

10.60

10.48

10.35

10.30

10.20

10.15

10.12

10.04

10.00

1,550

1,420

1,360

1,300

1,270

1,340

1,210

1,180

1,180

1,150

1,120

1,120

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

13.48 | 2,320

13.55

13.60

13.64

13.65

13.64

13.62

13.60

13.58

13.56

13.45

13.40

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,290

2,290

March 19

19.63

19.80

20.09

20.45

20.95

21.38

21.80

22.15

22.50

22.80

23.10

23.35

4,570

4,650

4,770

4,890

5,130

5,310

5,490

5,670

5,800

5,940

6,080

6,210

March 25

9.95

9.88

9.87

9.85

9.83

9.80

9.78

9.76

9.72

9.70

9.68

9.65

1,120

1,100

1,100

1,070

1,070

1,070

1,070

1,070

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,010

Supplemental records.- Mar. 20, 11 p.m., 25.27 ft., 7,060 sec.-ft.
156 FLOODS OB MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES", AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Appomattox River near Petersburg, Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°14', long. 77°53 1 , 1§ miles above Wallace Creek, 2-J miles above dam

of Virginia Electric and Power Co., and 7 miles west of Petersburg, Dinwiddle

County.

Drainage area.- 1,335 square miles. 

Sage-height 7e"cord.- Water-stage recorder graph. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1, 2. Defined by current-meter meas-

(irements below 7,500 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study

near control section and comparison of peak discharge and total run-off of flood

with records for other stations on the same stream. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge during March flood, 9,090 second-feet 4 a.m. Mar. 23 (gage

height, 11.32 feet);durlng year, 9,690 second-feet Jan 9 (gage height, 11.75 feet). 

1927-35: Discharge, 8,850 second-feet Sept. 6, 1935 (gage height, 11.12

feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

920

940

1,040

1,500

3,690

4,150

3,470

2,600

1,800

2,250

Mar.

1,360

1,280

1,280

X,230

1,180

1,140

1,100

1,060

1,040

1,040

Apr.

1,850

1,800

2,400

2,650

2,150

2,650

3,360

3,910

3,580

4,240

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

2,400

2,350

2,050

4,350

7,290

8,490

8,370

8,010

8,130

8,250

Mar.

1,700

2,810

3,910

3,470

3,150

1,600

1,550

4,020

5,670

6,450

Apr.

5,230

5,340

4,680

3,580

2,200

2,050

1,800

1,550

1,410

1,360

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

7,890

2,920

1,850

1,700

1,700

1,750

1,750

1,650

1,550

2.92

Mar.

7,290

8,610

8,970

6,930

2,100

1,750^

1,800

2,920

3,690

3,690

2,760

2.66

Apr.

1,280

1,280

1,280

1,280

1,230

1,140

1,180

1,140

1,100

1,040

1.94

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Z

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Ipeet Sec.ft.

March 8

4.05

4.04'

4.03

4.02

4.01

4.00

3.99

3.99

3.99

4.00

3.98

3.98

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,050

1,050

1,050

1,060

1,040

1,040

March 14

6.71

6.66

6.61

6.54

6.47

6.41

6.31

6.22

6.12

6.00

5.89

5.76

3,800

3,800

3,690

3,580

3,580

3,470

3,360

3,250

3,140

3,030

2,920

2,760

March 20

8.87

8.91

8.95

8.98

9.02

9.11

9.18

9.24

9.29

9.34

9.40

9.43

6,220

6,220

6,330

6,330

6,330

6,450

6,570

6,570

6,690

6,690

6,810

6,810

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.98

3.98

3.98

3.98

3.98

3.97

3.97

3.97

3.97

3.97

3.97

3.97

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

March 15

-5.62

5.48

5.38

5.28

5.19

5.13

5.04

4.98

4.92

4.88

4.83

4.78

2,600

2,500

2,400

2,300

2,200

2,150

2,050

2,000

1,900

1,900

1,850

1,800

March 21

9.48

9.53

9.58

9.63

9.71

9.79

9.88

9.96

10.04

10.14

10.24

10.35

6,930

6,930

7,050

7,050

7,170

7,290

7,410

7,530

7,530

7,650

7,770

8,010

Feet Sec . ft .

March 10

3.97J 1,040

3.97

3.97

3.97

3.97

3.97

3.97

3.97

3.97

3.98

4.01

4.04

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,060

1,100

March 16

4.74

4.72

4.68

4.66

4.63

4.61

A. 58

 . 57

4.55

4.53

4.52

4.52

1,750

1,700

1,700

1,650

1,650

1,600

1,600

1,550

1,550

1,550

1,500

1,500

March 22

10.44

10.53

10.65

10.75

10.85

10.93

10.99

11.07

11.16

11.21

11.25

11.28

8,010

8,130

8,250

8,490

8,490

8,610

8,730

8,850

8,970

8,970

8,970

9,090

Feet See.ft.

March 11

4.09

4.17

4.28

4.42

4.57

4.73

4.85

5.00

5.08

5.18

5.25

5.30

1,140

1,180

1,320

1,410

1,550

1,750

1,850

2,000

2,100

2,200

2,250

2,300

March 17

4.50

4.48

4.46

4.46

4.43

4.43

4.44

4.47

4.54

4.73

4.98

5.26

1,500

1,500

1,460

1,460

1,460

1,460

1,460

1,4*60

1,550

1,750

2,000

2,250

March 23

11.31

11.32

11.31

11.29

11.27

11.22

11.18

11.10

11.03

10.97

10.87

10.78

9,090

9,090

9,090

9,090

9,090

8,970

8,970

8,850

8,730

8,730

8,610

8,490

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

5.35

5.39

5.45

5.52

5.63

5.76

5.88

6.02

6.15

6.27

6.42

6.52

2,350

2,400

2,450

2,500

2,650

2,760

2,920

3,030

3,250

3,360

3,470

3,580

March 18

5.58

5.93

6.30

6.63

6.90

7.11

7.27

7.39

7.51

7.61

7.70

7.78

2,600

2,920

3,.360

3,690

4,020

4,240

4,460

4,570

4,680

4,790

4,900

5,010

March 24

10.67

10.56

10.43

10.31

10.18

10.02

9.80

9.48

8.94

8.18

7.12

6.22

8,370

8,250

8,010

7,890

7,770

7,530

7,290

6,930

6,220

5,450

4,240

3,250

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

6.62

6.68

6.74

6.80

6.82

6.84

6.84

6.83

6.82

6.81

6.78

6.76

3,690

3,800

3,800

3,S10

3,910

3,910

3,910

3,910

3,910

3,910

3,910

3,910

March 19

7.88

7.98

8.11

8.22

8.31

8.41

8.48

8.55

8.63

8.70

8.76

8.82

5,120

5,230

5,340

5,450

5,560

5,670

5,780

5,890

5,890

6,000

6,110

6,110

March 25

5.70

5.38

5.20

5.10

5.03

4.96

4.92

4.88

4.86

4.84

4.82

4.80

2,700

2,400

2,200

2,100

2,050

1,950

1,900

1,900

1,850

1,850

1,800

1,800
ROANOKE RIVER BASIN 157

Roanoke River near Clover, Va.

Location.- lat. 36°50'17'1 , long. 780 40 l 2n , at highway bridge 5% miles below mouth of 

Roanoke Creek and 6 miles east of Clover, Halifax County.

Drainage area.- 3,230 square miles.

Sage-height re~eord.- Water-stage recorder graph. No record Feb. 24-29, Mar. 2-10.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 55,000 secondfeet.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 56,400 second-feet 1 p.m. Mar. 19 (gage height, 23.49 feet).

1929-35: Discharge, 54,300 second-feet Oct. 19, 1932 (gage height, 23.19 

feet).

Remarks.- Discharge for period of missing record determined on basis of record for station at Altavista.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

3,570

3,240

3,460

4,450

7,630

7,150

5,000

4,010

4,010

4,560

Mar.

4,120

4,100

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

4,000

3,800

3,800

3,800

Apr.

5,950

6,190

9,290

8,770

6,430

8,250

17,400

15,200

8,640

10,500

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

4,560

3,790

3,900

11,400

26,600

40,500

28,400

13,000

10,200

8,380.

Mar.

4,120

4,780

6,070

5,470

4,450

3,900

7,780

30,000

53,600

35,100

Apr.

11,600

9,160

7,630

6,430

5,710

5,230

4,890

4,560

4,230

4,120

Day

21

?.?,

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

6,790

5,710

5,110

4,700

4,500

4,300

4,200

4,200

4,200

2.78

Mar.

16,100

13,300

10,100

7,630

6,790

6,430

6,310

10,500

12,700

8,510

6,790

9,679

3.46

Apr.

4,010

3 r900

4,010

4,120

3,900

3,680

3,460

3,460

3,460

3,240

2.28

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

1ow

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec . ft .

March 8

_

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

*3,800

_

_

_

_

-

March 14

6,63

6.52

6.42

6.30

6.21

«.12

,'.03

6.95

5.88

5.80

5.72

5.66

5,950

5,830

5,710

5,590

5,470

5,350

5,230

5,230

5,110

5,000

4,890

4,890

March 20

22.23

21.86

21.47

21.03

20.55

20.07

19.58

19,10

18.58

18,00

17.42

16.75

47,800

45,900

43,400

40,500

38,200

35,600

33,200

31,000

29,100

26,900

25,000

23,200

Feet |Sec.ft.

March 9

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

-

«3,800

_

_

_

-

March 15

5.60

5.53

5.46

5,40

5.34

5,30

5.25

5.21

5.16

5.13

5.08

5.05

4,780

4,670

4,670

4,560

4,450

4,450

4,340

4,340

4,340

4,230

4,230

4,120

March 21

16.10

15.40

14.67

14.10

13.67

13.39

13.15

12.98

12.79

12.62

12.46

12.29

21,300

19,600

18,000

16,700

15,900

15,400

15,000

14,600

14,300

14,000

13,800

13,500

Feet Sec. ft.

March 10

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

*3,800

_

_

_

_

-

March 16

5.00

4.95

4.92

4,88

4,85

4.82

4.81

4.78

4.76

4.75

4,73

4,72

4,120

4,120

4,010

4,010

3,900

3,900

3,900

3,900

3,900

3,900

3,790

3r790

March 22

12.16

12.10

12,09

12.13

12.21

12.29

12.35

12.36

12.30

12.15

11.96

11.71

13,300

13,200

13,200

13,200

13,300

13,500

13,600

13,600

13,500

13,300

13,000

12,600

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

4.70

4.75

4.79

4.85

4.91

4.98

5,05

5.18

5.28

5.34

5.39

5.44

3,790

3,900

3,900

3,900

4,010

4,120

4,120

4,340

4 r450

4,450

4,560

4,560

March 17

4.69

4.68

4.66

4,65

4.71

5.22

6,75

9.05

11.10

13.03

14,45

15.30

3,790

3,790

3,790

3,680

3,790

4,340

6,190

8,900

11,700

14,600

17,400

19,300

March 23

11.40

11.05

10.72

10.37

10.03

9.75

9.50

9.30

9.11

8.94

8.78

8.65

12,100

11,600

11,100

10,700

10,200

9,940

9,550

9,290

9,030

8,770

8,640

8,380

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

5.50

5.52

5.57

5.61

5.65

5.68

5,72

5.75

5,76

5.77

5.78

5.81

4,670

4,670

4,780

4,780

4,780

4,890

4,890

5,000

5,000

5,000

5,000

5,000

March 18

15.87

16.42

16.88

17.33

17.85

18.38

18.97

19.53

20.20

20.83

21,45

21.97

20,800

22,000

23,400

24,600

26,200

28,400

30,600

32,700

36,100

39,400

42,800

46,500

March 24

8.52

8.40

8,27

8.15

8.05

7.96

7.86

7,78

7.70

7.65

7.57

7.52

8,250

8,120

7,990

7,870

7,630

7,630

7,510

7,390

7,270

7,150

7,150

7,030

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

5.92

6.10

6.35

6.65

6.87

7.02

7.09

7.12

7,06

6.97

6.85

6.75

5,110

5,350

5,710

5,950

6,310

6,430

6,550

6,550

6,550

6,430

6,190

6,190

March 19

22.47

22.82

23.09

23.30

23.42

23.48

23.47

23.40

23.28

23.10

22.85

22.57

49,700

51,600

53,600

55,000

55,700

56,400

56,400

55,700

55,000

53, 600

51,600

50,300

March 25

7.46

7.42

7.38

7.34

7,30

7,27

7,25

7.23

7.21

7.20

7.18

7.16

7,030

6,910

6,910

6,790

6,790

6,790

6,670

6,670

6,670

6,670

6,670

6,670

Supplemental records.- Mar. 19, 1 p.m., 23.49 ft., 56,400 sec.-ft. 

*Mean for the day.
158 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND TIPPER OHIO RIVERS

Allegheny River at Larabee, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 41°54'5 n , long. 78°23'5n , at bridge on TJ. S, Highway 6 at Larabee,

McKean County, 1 mile below mouth of Potato Creek and 34 miles south of Eldred.

Zero of gage is 1,423.39 feet above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 541 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Graph based on two or more readings daily. Gage heights used to

half tenths between 1.0 and 2.0 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined to 4,500 second-feet by current-meter measurements;

extended logarithmlcaTly to crest stage. Affected by ice Feb. 1-27. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 6,720 second-feet noon Mar. 18 (gage height, 15,46 feet). 

1915-35: Discharge, 8,210 second-feet (revised) Nov. 18, 1927 (gage height,

17.6 feet, from graph based on gage readings).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

210

200

200

220

210

200

190

180

180

170

Mar.

3,000

2,320

2,100

3,000

3,850

3,630

2,950

2,630

2,930

3,080

Apr.

4,240

3,850

3,630

3,050

2,500

2,550

3,410

3,300

2,850

2,550

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

160

160

160

180

170

160

160

150

150

140

Mar.

3,750

4,980

5,320

4,810

4,240

4,170

4,670

6,230

6,100

5,620

Apr.

2,360

2,280

2,050

1,790

1,750

1,630

1,390

1,180

1,110

980

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

2R

29

30

31

Feb.

140

140

140

140

160

500

2,000

3,630

3,elO

476

0.95

Mar.

4,830

4,480

4,210

4,140

4,480

4,810

4,890

4,920

4,720

4,510

4,410

4,186

8.92

Apr.

980

1,110

950

800

740

740

655

655

963

740

1,893

3.90

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

!i

S

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

If

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec . ft .

March 8

8.63

8.58

8.54

8.50

8.44

8.40

8.38

8.36

8.36

8.37

8.38

8.40

2,700

2,700

2,650

2,650

2,600

2,600

2,600

2,600

2,600

2,600

2,600

2,600

March 14

12.68

12.58

12.50

12.48

12.43

12.42

12.42

12.42

12.41

12.37

12.27

12.17

4,950

4,890

4,830

4,830

4,770

4,770

4,770

4,770

4,770

4,770

4,710

4,650

March 20

13.95

13.90

13.92

13.93

13.94

13.94

13.93

13.92

13.80

13.70

13.55

13.25

5,750

5,680

5,680

5,680

5,680

5,680

5,680

5,680

5,620

5,560

5,490

5,250

Feet iSec.ft.

March 9

8.48

8.58

8.68

8.78

8.96

9.08

9.26

9.46

9.53

9.54

9.46

9.30

2,650

2,700

2,750

2,800

2,900

2,950

3,050

3,150

3,150

3,150

3,150

3,050

March 15

12.02

11.86

11.70

11.56

11.48

11.40

11.32

11.24

11.18

11.19

11.20

11.21

4,530

4,470

4,350

4,290

4,240

4,180

4,120

4,070

4,070

4,070

4,070

4,070

March 21

13.00

12.75

12.50

12.45

12.40

12.38

12.37

12.35

12.32

12.27

12.22

18.17

5,130

5,010

4,830

4,770

4,770

4,770

4,770

4,770

4,710

4,710

4,650

4,650

Feet ] Sec.ft.

March 10

9.10

9.00

8.87

8.88

9.02

9.28

9.54

9.68

9.72

9.76

9.80

9.84

2,950

2,900

2,850

2,850

2,900

3,050

3,150

3,250

3,250

3,300

3,300

3,300

March 16

11.22

11.26

11.30

11.34

11.40

11.41

11.42

11.43

11.46

11.49

11.52

11.56

4,070

4,120

4,120

4,120

4,180

4,180

4,180

4,180

4,240

4,240

4,240

4,290

March 22

12.12

12.07

12.02

11.97

11.92

11.89

11.86

11.83

11.80

11.77

11,74

11.71

4,590

4S 590

4,530

4,530

4,470

4,470

4,470

4,410

4,410

4,410

4,350

4,350

Feet Ssc.ft.

March 11

9.88

9.92

10.00

10.18

10.36

10.54

10.72

10.92

11.12

11.32

11.52

11.72

3,360

3,360

3,410

3,520

3,630

3,680

3,800

3,900

4,020

4,120

4,240

4,350

March 17

11.62

11.70

11.80

11.93

12.05

12.17

12.29

12.41

12.55

12.75

12.95

13.20

4,290

4,350

4,410

4,470

4,530

4,650

4,710

4,770

4,890

5,010

5,130

5,250

r~ March 23

11.67

11.63

11.58

11.52

11.46

11.40

11.36

11.32

11.31

11.30

11.29

11.28

4,350

4,290

4,290

4,240

4,240

4,180

4,180

4,120

4,120

4,120

4,120

4,120

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

11.92

12.12

12.30

12.46

12.62

12.78

12.96

13.14

13.28

13.40

13.52

13.60

4,470

4,590

4,710

4,830

4,890

5,010

5,030

5,190

5,310

5,370

5,430

5,490

March 18

13.50

13.85

14.20

14,60

15.00

15.46

15.44

15.40

15.34

15.26

15.18

15.10

5,430

5,620

5,880

6,140

6,400

6,720

6,660

6,660

6,600

6,600

6,530

6,460

March 24

11.29

11.30

11.31

11.32

11.32

11.32

11.31

11.31

11.32

11.38

11.45

11.52

4,120

4,120

4,120

4,120

4,120

4,120

4,120

4,120

4,160

4,180

4,180

4,240

Feet Sec.ft.

Harch 13

13.61

13.60

13.56

13.52

13.48

13.38

13.28

13.18

13.08

12.98

12.88

12.78

5,490

5,490

5,490

5,430

5,430

5,370

5,310

5,250

5,190

5,130

5,070

5,010

Harch 19

15.00

14.92

14.84

14.76

14.68

14.57

14.43

14.29

14.18

14.10

14.05

14.00

6,400

6,340

6,270

6,270

6,200

6,140

6,010

5,940

5,880

5,820

5,750

5,750

Harch 25

11.59

11.66

11,73

11.80

11.87

11.94

12.01

12.07

12.13

12.18

12.22

12.26

4,290

4,350

4,350

4,410

4,470

4,470

4,530

4,590

4,590

4,650

4,650

4,710
OHIO RIVER BASIN 159

Allegheny River at Bed House, Jf.

location.- Lat. 42°6'50n , long. 78°48'15n , at site of old highway bridge in Red House,

Cattaraugus County. 

Drainage area.- 1,690 square miles. 

Gage-height re c ord. - Water-stage recorder graph. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1 to Mar. 1. Defined by current-meter

me asuremen t s,

Haxima.- 1936: Discharge, 30,700 second-feet 10 p.m. Mar. 27 (gage height, 11.84 feat). 

1903-35! Discharge, 41,000 second-feet Mar. 2, 1910; maximum gage height,

13.78 feet Mar. 4, 1934 (backwater from ice jam). 

Remarks.- Flood run-off not materially affected by artificial storage or diversion.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

8

9

10

Feb.

700

700

700

750

700

650

650

600

600

600

Mar.

5,500

4,720

4,050

3,690

6,770

6,910

5,860

5,160

7,010

11,100

Apr.

15,200

11,900

10,100

8,100

6,730

9,560

11,800

9,260

8,000

7,030

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

550

550

550

550

550

550

500

500

500

480

Mar.

17,400

23,700

22,200

19,000

15,400

14,000

12,800

13, 900

19,200

22,400

Apr.

6,620

7,090

7,740

6,620

6,010

5,580

4,760

4,240

4,000

3,750

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

480

460

460

950

2,000

5,500

10,000

8,500

7,500

1,648 .,_..

Mar.

18,800

14,000

11,200

11,900

19,700

25,300

27,400

28,800

23,600

19, 900

18,900

14.850

1.05| 10.13

Apr.

4,300

5,810

4,510

3,630

3,160

2,840

2,530

2,310

3,080

3,100

6,312

4.16

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

FH

O

M

2 

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8 

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

_

6.15

6.07

5.94

5.85

-

5.90

-

5.85

_

5,580

5,360

5,000

4,760

-

4,890

-

4,760

March 14

_

_

9.72

_

_

9.56

_

9.41

_

_

9.22

_

_

19,800

_

_

19,000

*.

_

18,200

_

_

17,300

March 20

_

10.27

_

10.30

H

10.29

..

10.25

_

10.15

_

10.02

_

22,600

_

22,700

..

22,600

_

22,400

_

22,000

_

21,300

March 26

_

_

10.76

_

-

10.76

-

-

10.87

_

_

10.97

_

_

25,000

-

25,100

-

_

25,600

_

_

26,000

Feet

Mar

6.12

_

6.59

_

-

7.02

7.12

7.61

Sec.ft.

ch 9

_

5,500

_

6,900

_

_

8,320

8,670 

9,260

10,500

March 15

_

_

9.00

_

_

8.77

_

8.59

_

_

8.62

_

_

16,200

_

_

15,200

..

_

14,500

_

_

14,600

March 21

_

_

9.79

-

..

9.53

..

_

9.27

_

_

9.00

_

_

20,200

-

H

18,800

..

_

17,600

-

_

16,200

March 27

10.92

10.85

10.78

10.77

10.85

11.04

11.26

11.52

11.72

11.80

11.84

11.80

25,800

25,400

25,100

25,000

25,400

26,400

27,500

28,800

30,000

30,500

30,700

30,500

Feet J Sec. ft.

Mar

7.74

7.64

_

7.59

_

_

7.74

-

8.34

ch 10

11,100

10,700

_

10,500

_

_

11,100

-

13,500

Marc-h 16

_

.

8.51

_

»

8.46

_

8.41

_

_

8.33

_

_

14,100

_

_

13,900

_

_

13,700

_

_

13,400

March 22

_

_

8.70

-

H

8.45

_

.

8.24

-

_

8.09

_

_

14,900

-

_

13,900

_

13,100

-

_

12,500

March 28

_

_

11.65

_

_

11.52

-

_

11.34

_

_

11.10

_

_

29,600

_

-

28,800

-

_

27,900

_

_

26,700

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

8.75

9.01

9.14

_

9.40

_

9.81

10.22

15,100

16,200

16,900

_

18,200

_

20,200

22,300

March 17

_

_

8.26

.

_

8.16

_

_

8.07

_

_

8.12

_

_

13,100

_

_

12,700

_

12,400

_

_

12,600

March 23

_

_

7.94

-

H

7.80

_

_

7.63

-

_

7.55

_

_

11,900

-

_

11,300

..

_

10,600

_

_

10,300

March 29

_

_

10.77

_

_

10.45

-

_

10.15

_

_

10.00

_

_

25,000

_

_

23,400

-

_

22,000

_

21,200

Feet

Mar

10.42

10.47

10.53

_

10.58

_

10.56

10.52

Sec.ft.

ch 12

23,300

23,600

23,800

_

24,3,00

_

24,000

23,800

March 18

_

-

8.24

-

-

8.42

-

_

8.64

-

_

8.94

_

-

13,100

_

-

13,800

_

14,700

_

_

15,900

 March 24

_

_

7.61

-

-.

7.85

_

8.21

-

-

8.73

_

_

10,500

-

11,500

12,90O

-

_

15,000

March 30

.

_

-

-

_

.,

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

-

-

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

Feet

Mar

10.38

_

10.21

_

10.04

-

9.87

Sec.ft.

ch 13

23,100

_

22,200

_

21,400

-

20,600

March 19

_

9.14

-

9.35

_

9.59

9.83

_

10.04

_

io k ao

_

16,900

18,000

-

19,200

20,400

_

21,400

_

22,100

March 25

-

9.08

_

9.40

9.61

9.93

-

10.44

_

10.73

_

16,600

_

18,200

--

19,200

20,800

_

23,400

_

24,800

March 31

_

=

-

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

-

_

-

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

Supplemental records.- Mar. 8, 4S30 a.m., 

ft., 4,730 sec.-ft.; 11 p.m., 5.84 ft., 4,730 

24,100 sec.-ft. Mar. 17, 7:30 p.m., 8.05 ft.

6.16 ft., 5,610 sec.-ft.} 1:30 p.m., 5.84 

sec.-ft. Mar. 12, 4:30 p m., 10.58 ft., 

, 12,300 sec.-ft.
FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOKAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Allegheny River at Franklin, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 41°23 I 25", long. 79°49'10n , at Eighth Street Bridge, at Franklin,

Venango County, 1,000 feet below mouth of French Creek. Zero of gage is 956.26 feet 

above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 5,982 square miles.

Sage-height re"cord.- Water-stage recorder graph. Sage heights used to half tenths between 3.5 and 6.0 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined to 120,000 second-feet by current-meter measurements; 

extended logarithmically to maximum known peak stage. Affected by ice Feb. 1 to 

liar. 6.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 118,000 second-feet 6 a.m. Mar. 28 (gage height, 19.02 feet).

1905-35! Discharge, 191,000 second-fset (revised) Bar. 26, 1913; gage height, 

26.0 feet, present datum, Feb. 27, 1917 (affected by Ice).

Maximum known free-flow stage, 25.0 feet, present datum, Mar. 17, 1865 (discharge, about 196,000 second-feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

5

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

2,800

2,800

2,700

2,900

3,000

2,800

2,700

2,600

2,500

2,400

Mar.

30,000

25,000

21,000

18,000

28,000

28,000

24,300

22,400

32,000

44,000

Apr.

54,100

44,600

37,800

31,800

25,900

29,800

38,000

33,800

28,500

26,600

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

2,300

2,300

2,300

2,400

2,400

2,300

2,200

2,150

2,100

2,100

Mar.

54,800

77,400

71,000

56,300

46,300

42,500

45,500

45,100

38,600

39,700

Apr.

24,700

24,100

26,600

25,900

22,300

19,400

17,800

15,700

14,200

13,200

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, In Inches .............................................

Feb.

2,050

2,000

2,000

2,700

8,000

26,000

55,000

50,000

37,000

8,086

1.46

Mar.

40,800

35,300

31,100

44,900

74,900

94,000

99,600

112,000

89,200

70,900

62,800

9.60

Apr.

12,700

16,200

18,400

15,200

12,700

10,800

9,500

8,470

11,600

14,200

4.25

Gage height, In feet, and discharge, In second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

n

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

8.06

8.02

7.95

7.76

7.70

7.65

7.64

7.65

7.67

7.67

7.64

7.63

24,300

23,700

23,700

22,500

21,900

21,300

21,300

21,300

21,900

21,900

21,300

2L,300

March 14

13.23

13.10

12.96

12.81

12.68

12.54

12.40

12.28

12.15

12.04

11.94

11.83

61,600

60,800

59,900

58,200

57,400

55,700

54,900

54,100

53,300

51,700

50,900

50,100

March 20

10.32

10.35

10.39

10.41

10.44

10.45

10.47

10.49

10.50

10.51

10.54

10.60

Mar

16.60

16.68

16.77

16.82

16.86

16.86

16.80

16.74

16.69

16.65

16.62

16.59

38,700

39,400

39,400

39,400

39,400

39,400

40,200

40,200

40,200

40,200

40,200

40,900

oh 26

92,900

93,900

94,900

94,900

95,900

95,900

94,900

93,900

93,900

92,900

92,900

92,900

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 9

7.65

7.72

8.01

8.49

8.92

9.31

9.68

10.15

10.51

10.74

10.85

J.0.90

21,300

21,900

23,700

26,700

29,200

31,800

34,500

38,000

40,200

41,600

42,400

43,200

March 15

11.75

11.67

11.57

11.47

11.39

11.29

11.20

11.09

11.01

10.96

10.89

10.83

50,100

49,300

48,500

47,700

46,900

46,200

45,400

44,600

43,900

43,900

43,200

42,400

March 21

10.63

10.67

10.71

10.74

10.74

10.70

10.64

10.60

10.54

10.48

10.41

10.32

Mar

16.57

16.52

16.53

16.60

16.75

16.97

17.22

17.52

17.85

18.12

18.35

18.57

40,900

41,600

41,600

41,600

41,600

41,600

40,900

40,900

40,200

40,200

39,400

38,700

ch 27

92,900

91,900

91,900

92,900

94,900

96,900

98,900

102,000

106,000

108,000

112,000

114,000

Feet Sec. ft.

March 10

11.00

11.03

11.09

11.07

11.03

10.9&

10.87

10.82

10.88

11.05

11.18

11.34

43,900

43,900

44,600

44,600

43,900

43,900

43,200

42,400

43,200

43,900

45,400

46,200

March 16

10.81

10.79

10.79

10.80

10.81

10.82

10.83

10.85

10.86

10.86

10.83

10.81

42,400

42,400

42,400

42,400

42,400

42,400

42,400

42,400

43,200

43,200

42,400

42,400

March 22

10.24

10.15

10.07

9.97

9.86

9.76

9.67

9.59

9.53

9.46

9.41

9.36

Mar

18.75

18.90

19.02

18.95

18.83

18.58

18.49

18.31

18.12

17.90

17.67

17.44

38,000

38,000

37,300

36,600

35,900

35,200

34,500

33,800

33,100

33,100

33,4"00

32,400

oh 28

116,000

117,000

118,000

118,000

116,000

115,000

113,000

111,000

108,000

106,000

104,000

101,000

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

11.66

11.93

11.96

12.04

12.11

12.20

12.33

12.48

12.69

12.99

13.35

13.77

49,300

50,900

51,700

51,700

52,500

53,300

54,100

55,700

57,400

59,900

63,300

66,700

March 17

10.80

10.80

10.82

10.85

10.94

11.05

11.23

11.43

11.63

11.78

11.85

11.87

42,400

42,400

42,400

42,400

43,200

43,900

45,400

46,900

48,500

50,100

50,100

50,900

March 23

9.32

9.29

9.25

9.22

9.17

9.14

9.10

9.09

9.08

9.13

9.24

9.43

Mar

17.22

17.02

16.82

16.64

16.45

16.29

16.11

15.75

15.58

15.40

15.25

15.05

31,800

31,800

31,100

31,100

31,100

30,400

30,400

30,400

30,400

30,400

31,100

32,400

ch 29

98,900

96,900

94,900

92,900

90,900

89,900

88,000

85,100

83,200

81,300

79,400

77,500

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 12

13.96

14.35

14.71

14.98

15.27

15.36

15.44

15.44

15.43

15.40

15.33

15.23

68,500

72,100

74,800

77,500

80,400

81,300

81,300

81,300

81,300

81,300

80,400

79,400

March 18

11.78

11,63

11.46

11.32

11.22

11.13

11.04

10.95

10.85

10.73

10.62

10.52

50,100

48,500

47,700

46,200

45,400

44,600

43,900

43,900

42,400

41,600

40,900

40,200

March 24

9.68

9.94

10.18

10.40

10.63

10.89

11.18

11.55

11.98

12.41

12.78

13.11

Mar

14.89

14.73

14.58

14.46

14.36

14.22

14.11

13.99

13.88

13.76

13.67

13.60

34,500

35,900

38,000

39,400

40,900

43,200

45,400

48,500

51,700

54,900

58,200

60,800

ch 30

76,600

74,800

73,900

73,000

72,100

70,300

69,400

68,500

67,600

66,700

65,800

65,000

Feet | Sec. ft.

March 13

15.08

14.93

14.78

14.60

14.45

14.25

14.10

13.95

13.80

13.65

13.50

13.36

78,400

76,600

75,700

73,900

72 , 100

70,300

69,400

68,500

66,700

65,000

64,200

63,300

March 19

10.44

10.37

10.32

10.27

10.24

10.22

10.21

10.21

10.22

10.24

10.26

10.29

39,400

39,400

38,700

38,700

38,000

38,000

38,000

38,000

38,000

38,000

38,700

38,700

March 25

13.40

13.71

13.98

14.18

14.36

14.53

14.73

15.00

15.38

15.79

16.30

16.52

Mar

13.56

13.52

13.50

13.47

13.44

13.41

13.36

13.28

13.20

13.11

13.03

12.93

63,300

65,800

68,500

70,300

72,100

73,000

74,800

77,500

81,300

85,100

89,900

91,900

ch 31

65,000

64,200

64,200

64,200

63,300

63,300

63,300

62,400

61,600

60,800

59,900

59,000
OHIO RIVER BASIN

Allegheny River at Parkers Landing, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 41°6'5", long. 79°40'45", at highway bridge at Parkers Landing,

Armstrong County, 1.1 miles below mouth of Clarion River. Zero of gage is 845.14 

feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 7,671 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. Gage heights used to half tenths between 2.5 and 4.5 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Rating defined to oeak stage by current-meter measurements. 

Affected by ice Feb. 1-27.

Maxima.- 1936! Discharge, 128,000 second-feet 2 p.m. Mar. 28 (gage height, 19.30 feet, 

from flood marks).

1932-35: Discharge, 70,200 second-feet Jan. 10, 1935; gage height, 20.60 feet 

Feb. "27, 1935 (ice jam).

1365-1935: Maximum known stage, 29.0 feet Mar. 17, 1865 (discharge not determined ).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

3,500

3,400

3,300

3,400

3,500

3,400

3,200

3,100

3,000

2,900

Mar.

40,500

32,900

27,700

25,200

32,200

34,900

32,200

28,300

33,600

51,200

Apr.

61,100

52,400

43,400

38,400

31,000

32,900

44,100

40,500

34,900

32,900

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

2,900

2,800

2,900

3,000

3,100

3,000

2,900

2,800

2,700

2,600

Mar.

61,300

98,200

92,300

70,500

58,300

55,100

82,700

105,000

67,200

55,600

Apr.

31,000

2B,400

29,600

30,300

27,000

24,000

21,600

20,000

17,200

15,600

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

2,600

2,500

2,500

3,500

11,000

35,000

70,000

61,400

47,800

1.44

Mar.

53,700

47,600

41,300

54,500

84,900

105,000

106,000

122,000

103,000

81,400

69,400

9.48

Apr.

15,100

19,800

23,000

18,700

15,900

13,600

11,700

10,800

11,700

15,100

3.94

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, In second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

1s

2

4

6

8

10

N

Z

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

Z

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Z

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

7.88

7.87

7.74

7.60

7.48

7.31

7.27

7.23

7.26

7.26

7.25

7.35

31,000

31,000

29,600

29,000

28,400

27,000

27,000

26,400

27,000

27,000

26,400

27,700

March 14

13.95

13.69

13.59

13.46

13.30

13.15

12.92

12.69

12.54

12.44

12.36

12.27

77,800

75,200

74,400

73,600

71,800

71,000

68,400

66,800

65,100

64,300

64,300

63,500

March 20

11.52

11.45

11.40

11.38

11.36

11.30

11.26

10.98

11.10

11.25

11. V

11. 0V

57,100

56,300

56,300

56,300

56,300

55,500

55,500

53,100

53,900

54,700

54,700

53,900

March 26

16.66

16.83

16.95

17.08

17.10

17.09

17.09

17.10

17.10

17.10

17.05

16.96

102,000

103,000

105,000

106,000

106,000

106,000

106,000

106,000

106,000

106,000

105,000

105,000

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

7.50

7.67

7.55

7.49

7.46

7.60

8.09

8.50

8.88

9.30

9.76

10.20

28,400

29,600

29,000

28,400

28,400

29,000

32,200

34,900

37,700

40,500

44,100

47,100

March 15

12.17

15.04

11.85

11.77

11.72

11.61

11.56

11.52

11.37

11.18

11.14

11.21

62 ,700

61,100

59,500

59,500

58,700

57,900

57,900

57,100

56,300

54,700

53,900

54,700

March 21

11.07

11.09

11.09

11.12

11.21

11.22

11.10

11.06

11.03

10.96

10.89

10.86

Mar

16.85

16.81

16.81

16.79

16.79

16.82

16.88

17.00

17.21

17.48

17.72

18.02

53,900

53,900

53,900

53,900

54,700

54,700

53,900

53,900

53,100

53,100

52,400

52,400

oh 27

103,000

103,000

103,000

103,000

103,000

103,000

104,000

105,000

107,000

110,000

112,000

115 ,000

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

10.46

10.63

10.71

10.77

10.79

10.83

10.90

10.91

10.89

10.93

10.83

10.87

49,400

50,100

50,800

51,600

51,600

51,600

52,400

52,400

52,400

51,600

51,600

52,400

Maroh 16

11.06

10.87

10.36

11.06

11.20

11.06

11.27

11.43

11.34

11.42

11.62

11.67

53,900

52,400

52,400

53 , 900

54,700

53,900

55,500

56,300

55,500

56,300

57,900

58,700

March 22

10.84

10.76

10.67

10.52

10.28

10.12

10.11

10.09

9.92

9.78

9.71

9.66

51,600

51,600

50,800

49,400

47,800

46,400

46,400

46,400

44,800

44,100

43,400

43,400

March 28

18.26

18.49

18.72

18.88

19.04

19.20

19.30

19.16

18.85

18.60

18.37

18.14

118,000

120,000

122,000

124,000

125,000

127,000

128,000

127,000

123,000

121,000

119,000

116,000

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

11.00

11.16

11.30

11.52

11.76

11.89

11.98

12.09

12.30

12.78

13.39

13.88

53,100

54,700

55,500

57,100

59,500

60,300

61,100

61,900

63,500

67,600

72,700

77,000

March 17

11.72

12.01

12.36

12.78

13 .53

14.31

15.20

15.84

16.58

16.91

17.50

17.81

58,700

61,100

64,300

67,600

73,600

80,400

88,400

93,800

101,000

104,000

110,000

113,000

March 23

9.56

9.50

9.49

9.41

9.36

9.33

9.33

9.22

9.18

9.24

9.39

9.56

42,600

41,900

41,900

41,200

41,200

40,500

40,500

39,800

39,800

39,800

41,200

42,600

March 29

17.96

17.71

17.39

17.04

16.83

16.69

16.51

16.30

16.10

15.89

15.70

15.50

115 ,000

112,000

109,000

105,000

103,000

102,000

100,000

98,300

96,500

94,700

98,900

91,100

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

14.58

15.05

15.58

16.18

16.60

16.85

17.00

17.09

17.15

17.15

17.12

16.96

83,000

86,600

92,000

97,400

101,000

103,000

105,000

106,000

107,000

107,000

106,000

105,000

March 18

17.92

17.92

17.81

17.69

17.56

17.45

17.22

16.84

16.21

15.88

15.27

14.47

114,000

114,000

113,000

112,000

111,000

109,000

107,000

103,000

97,400

94,700

89,300

82,100

March 24

9.75

9.94

10.16

10.34

10.59

10.92

11.28

11.60

12.04

12.49

12.93

13.31

44,100

44,800

47,100

47,800

50,100

52,400

55,500

57,900

61,100

65,100

68,400

71,800

March 30

15.33

15.14

14.90

14.69

14.49

14.32

14.16

14.04

13.89

13.75

13.61

13.48

89,300

87,500

85,700

83,900

82,100

80,400

79,500

77,800

77,000

76,100

74,400

73,600

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

16.82

16.71

16.44

16.17

15.88

15.65

15.36

15.10

14.74

14.62

14.43

14.29

103,000

102,000

99,200

97,400

94,700

92,000

90,200

87,500

83,900

83,000

82,100

80,400

March 19

14.12

13.74

13.24

13.02

12.79

12.56

12.44

12.12

12.08

11.76

11.62

J- 1 '68^

78,600

75,200

71,000

69,300

67,600

65 , 900

64,300

61,900

61,900

59,500

57,900

58,700

March 25

13.69

13.99

14.24

14.44

14.61

14.78

14.99

15.17

15.36

15.61

15.94

16.31

75,200

77,800

79,500

81,200

83,000

84,800

86,600

88,400

90,200

92,000

94,700

98,300

March 31

13.36

13.26

13.18

13.07

12.99

12.95

12.92

12.89

12.89

12.78

12.72

12.64

72,700

71,800

71,000

70,200

69,300

69,300

68,400

68,400

67,600

67,600

66,800

65,900
162 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMA.C, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Ohio River at Pittsburgh, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°26'3011 , long. 80°0'501', at junction of Allegheny and Monongahela 

Rivers, in Pittsburgh, Allegheny County. Zero of gage Is 694.00 feet above mean 

sea level.

Drainage area.- 19,110 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Maxima.- 19568Sage height, 46.0 feet 8-10 p.m. Mar. 18, from flood mark.

 1873-1935: Gage height, 38.7 feet Mar. 15, 1907.

1762-1935$ Maximum known stage, 41.1 feet Mar. 9, 1763.

Remarks.- Records furnished by TJ. S. Weather Bureau. Discharge not determined.

Gage height, in feet, at indicated time, 1936

Hour

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

a

10

M

Hour

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

Hour

2

4

6-

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Hour

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

Mar. 8

17.4

17.3

17.2

17.1

17.1

17.0

16.9

16.8

16.8

16.7

16.6

16.5

Mar. 17

22.2

22.8

23.5

24.7

25.9

27.1

28.6

29,9

31.5

33.2

34.8

36.4

Mar. 26

30.6

30.5

3P.4

30.3

30.2

30.1

30.0

29.9

29.8

29,6

29,4

29.2

Apr. 4

_

_

18.0

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

-

Mar. 9

16.5

16.4

16.2

16.1

16.0

15.9

15.9

15.8

15.8

15.7

15.7

15.7

Mar. 18

37.7

39.1

40.3

41.7

42.9

43.9

44.9

45.4

45.8

46.0

46.0

45.6

Mar. 27

29.0

28.8

28.6

28.3

28.1

37.8

37.6

27.4

27.3

27.1

27.0

27.0

Apr. 5

_

_

_

17.0

_

-

-

_

-

_

_

-

Mar. 10

15.8

16.0

16.3

16.7

16.9

17.3

17.6

17.8

18.0

18.2

18.3

18.5

Mar. 19

46.1

44.2

43.0

41.7

40.0

38.3

36.8

35.4

34.1

32.9

31.9

31.0

Mar. 28

27.0

27.0

27.1

27.2

27.3

27.4

27.5

27.6

27.7

27.7

27.7

27.6

Apr. 6

_

_

_

16.3

16.4

16.6

17.2

17.8

18.2

19.0

19.9

21.2

Mar. 11

18.6

18.7

18.8

18,8

18.9

19.0

19.1

19.3

19.5

19.7

20.0

20,3

Mar. 20

30.2

29.4

28.6

S7.9

27.3

26.8

26.4

25.8

25.3

25.0

24.7

24.4

Mar. 29

S7.5

27.3

27.1

26.9

26.7

26.4

26.1

25.9

25.6

25.4

25.1

24.8

Apr. 7

22.4

23.4

24..E

24.%

25.2

25.4

25.5

25.5

25.5

25.3

25.1

24.9

Mar. 12

20.6

20.9

21.4

22.0

22.6

23.4

24.0

24.5

24.8

25.2

25.4

25.6

Mar. 21

24.20

24.10

24.00

24.00

23.90

23.90

23.90

24.00

24.20

24.2

24.1

24.1

Mar. 30

24.6

24.4

24.1

23.9

23.7

23.5

23.3

23.1

22.9

22,7

22.5

22.4

Apr. 8

24.6

24.6

23.0

23.7

23.5

23.2

22.9

22.6

22.2

22 e O

21.7

21.4

Mar. 13

25.7

25.8

25.8

25.7

25.6

25.4

25.2

25.0

24.7

24.4

24.2

23.9

Mar. 22

24.1

24.0

23.8

23.7

23.6

23.4

23.2

23.0

22.8

22.6

22.6

22.5

Mar. 31

22.2

22.0

21.8

21.7

21.5

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

Apr. 9

21.1

20,8

20.5

20.3

20.1

19.9

19.6

19.4

19.3

19.0

18,9

18.7

Mar. 14

23.5

23.2

23.0

82. 8

22.6

22.4

22.2

22.0

21.7

21.5

21.4

21.9

Mar. 23

22.5

22.5

22.6

22.4

22.4

22.4

22.4

22.5

22.5

22.6

22.6

22.6

Apr. 1

_

_

_

20.2

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

Mar. 15

21.1

21.0

20.8

20.8

20.7

20.6

20.6

20.5

20.4

20.3

20.2

20.0

Mar. 24

22.6

22.6

22.6

22.6

22.6

22.7

22.9

23.1

23.3

23,6

24.0

24.5

Apr. 2

_

_

_

19.0

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

Mar. 16

20,0

19.9

19.8

19.8

19.9

20.0

20.2

20.3

20.6

20,9

21.2

21.7

Mar. 25

25.1

25.8

26.6

27.5

28.3

28,9

29.5

29.8

30,1

30.4

30.5

30.6

Apr. 3

_

_

_

18.7

_

_

_

«

w

_

-
OHIO RIVER BASIN

Ohio River at Sewiokley, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°31'50", long. 80°ll'20lt , 200 feet above highway bridge at Sewickley, 

Allegheny County, half a mile above mouth of Narrows Run, and Ig- miles above 

Dashields Dam. Zero of gage is 690.00 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 19,500 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for period noon Mar. 18 to 4 p.m. 

Mar. 28, when there was no record. Gage heights used to half tenths between 4.0 and 

6.5 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined to 550,000 second-feet by current-meter measurements; 

logarithmic extension to crest stage. Affected by Ice Feb. 1-3.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 574.000 second-feet 10 p.m. to midnight Mar. 18 (gage height, 

34.75 feet, from flood mark).

1933-35! Discharge, 225,000 second-feet Mar. 13, 1935 (gage height, 15.7 feet). 

1833-1935: Maximum known discharge, 413,000 second-feet Mar. 15, 1907 (gage 

height, 28.0 feet, f rom f lood mark).

Remarks.- Discharge during period of missing gage-height record determined from comparative hydrographs.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

Y

8

9

10

Feb.

11,000

11,000

11,500

13,200

16,800

25,700

29,800

26,000

18,100

16,200

Mar.

97,200

79,600

70,800

64,300

68,600

79,600

70,800

60,600

50,100

63,700

Apr.

95,000

86,200

81,800

73,000

62,200

73,000

150,000

134,000

95,000

79,600

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

15,000

13,500

13,100

20,400

39,600

80,700

68,600

48,600

43,600

36,800

Mar.

85,900

132,000

167,000

126,000

103,000

99,300

195,000

465,000

440,000

810,000

Apr.

77,400

75,200

68,600

66,400

60,100

51,700

45,600

39,600

33,900

29,800

Day

21

22

23

PA

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

28,700

23,000

18,800

15,600

27,500

116,000

187,000

207,000

134,000

45,410

2.51

Mar.

147,000

139,000

129,000

137,000

211,000

242,000

215,000

202,000

185,000

138,000

110,000

147,900

8.74

Apr.

26,900

26,900

28,600

30,300

26,100

23,700

18,800

18,800

18,800

20, -800

57,260

3.28

Mean gage height, in feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

3.99

3.84

3.73

3.89

4.18

4.82

5.08

4.85

4.32

4.14

Mar.

8.29

7.53

7.12

6.81

6.95

7.47

7.14

6.63

6.13

6.77

Apr.

8.20

7.80

7.60

7.20

6.70

7.15

10.80

10.00

8.25

7.52

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

4.06

3.92

3.88

4.45

5.58

7.52

6.99

6.05

5.78

5.43

Mar o

7.78

9.94

11.75

9.64

8.56

8.39

14.06

30.02

28.75

14.83

Apr.

7.45

7.28

6,97

6.88

6.57

6.19

5.88

5.59

5.30

4.97

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

5.02

4.66

4.36

4.09

4.90

9.29

13.03

14.37

10.06

Mar.

10.64

10.25

9.76

10.14

14.79

17.07

14.96

13.97

13.96

10.18

8.89

Apr.

4.91

4.91

5.01

5.09

4.87

4.69

4.37

4.37

4.36

4.51

Gage height, in feet

$

N

M

N

6

4

8

2

6

M

6

N

6

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

6

2

10

8

4

4

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

6.06

5.98

Ma

6.83

7.20

48,600

47,600

pch 10

64,300

73,000

March 11

7.56

7.63

7.75

7.94

8.31

Ita

8.83

9.86

11.01

11.83

Ma.

12.08

12.23

12.35

12.36

12.26

12.12

11.40

81,800

81,800

86,200

88,400

97,200

pch 12

108,000

132,000

154,000

168,000

pch 13

173,000

174,000

177,000

177,000

176,000

173; 000

161,000

March 14

10.40

9«7B

9.07

142,000

130,000

115,000

March 15

8.74

8.49

106,000

102,000

1 

M

2

N

10

2

6

10

N

4

8

M

2

6

N

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

2

6

10

M

2

6

Feet

and discharge, in second-feet, at 1 rdicated time, 1936

Sec.ft.

March 16

8.23

8.25

8.77

95,000

95,000

108,000

March 17

9.30

10.17

11.60

12.85

15.67

19.00

22.35

119,000

138,000

164,000

184,000

225,000

265,000

311,000

March 18

23.85

26.80

30.95

33.17

33.95

34.48

34.75

34.75

333,000

388,000

481,000

534,000

554,000

566,000

574,000

574,000

March 19

34.49

33.92

33.12

32.20

31.00

28.15

24.80

21.61

20.30

566,000

552,000

532,000

510,000

481,000

417,000

350,000

299,000

282,000

March 20

19.10

16.85

266,000

239,000

I

10

4

8

M

6

N

6

M

6

4

M

4

N

8

6

4

2

10

N

4

8

M

2

6

10

2

Feet

15.00

13.02

11.88

11.06

Sec.ft.

216,000

187,000

169,000

155,000

March 21

10.70

10.51

10.50

10.61

Ma]

10.56

10.05

9.78

MaJ

9.74

9.71

9.80

Mai

9.82

10.20

148,000

144,000

144,000

146,000

"Ch 22

146,000

134,000

130,000

-ch 23

128,000

128,000

130,000

"Ch 24

130,000

138,000

March 25

11.30

14.70

15.60

16.52

17,04

17.41

159,000

212,000

224,000

235,000

241,000

246,000

March 26

17.52

17.51

17.20

17.00

247,000

247,000

243,000

241,000

o

M

6

4

N

6

2

10

4

10

2

8

2

Z

N

M

10

4

M

2

2

M

4j

8

Feet Sec.ft.

16.86 240,000

March 27

15.90 228,000

14.95 216,000

14.13 203,000

March 28

13.72 198,000

13.80 199,000

14.16 205,000

14.28 206,000

March 29

14.16 205,000

13.65 196,000

12.75 184,000

March 30

10.94 152,000

10.15 138,000

9.38 121,000

March 31

8.96 113,000

8.71 106,000

8.46 102,000

April 1

8.42 99,400

8.18 95,000

7.85 86,200

April 2

7.75 86,200

7.65 81,800

&

2p

M

9

9

N

6

9

M

10

4

M

4

10

2

4

5

ID

4a

6p

2a

IDp

4a

M

Feet Sec.ft.

April 3

7.65

7.30

Apr-_ -

81,800

75,200

11 4

7.30 75.200

7.10 70,800

April 5

6.79

6.35

6.25

6.55

64,300

54,800

52,800

60,100

April 6

6.57

7.30

8.60

Apr

9.80

11.10

11.50

11.50

11.42

11.42

60,100

75,200

104,000

11 7

130,000

155,000

162,000

162,000

161,000

161,000

April 8

10.68

9.38

148,000

121,000

April 9

8.75

7.63

108,000

81,800

April 10

7.52

7.52

79,600

79,600
164 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Ohio River at Wheeling, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 400 6'15n , long. 80°42'151t , at Lock Ho. 12 at Warwood, 3 miles above

 Wheeling, Ohio County. Zero of gage Is 610,8 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 24,800 square miles.

Gage-height Tecord.- Gage read hourly.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 265,000 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by averaging discharges obtained from extensions by 

logarithmic, A \/d~pand slope-area methods.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 466,000 second-feet 2-6 p.m. Mar. 19 (gage height, 55.5 

feet).

1882-19351 Gage height, 52.1 feet Feb. 7, 1884, at the Wheeling wharf; 

equivalent to about 53.7 feet on the present gage at Lock No. 12 (discharge not determined.

1838-1935J Highest known flood, that of Feb. 7, 1884.

Remarks.- Discharge, Apr. 19-30 not determined. Gage-height record furnished by Corps 

of Engineers, U. S. Army.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

18,100

18,600

17,600

16,800

18,600

23,500

36,200

44,500

38,200

30,000

Mar.

148,000

113,000

94,200

86,200

79,800

89,400

91,000

79,800

68, 600

61,400

Apr.

124,000

110,000

105,000

95,800

84,600

84,600

120,000

170,000

140,000

109,000

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

27,800

32,400

31,800

27,800

37,500

78,200

106,000

78,200

57,500

53,800

Mar.

86,200

114,000

153,000

155,000

137,000

128,000

168,000

301,000

449,000

384,000

Ap'r.

97,400

95,000

83,600

80,600

75,800

67,000

59,000

51,500

-

-

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in. inchea ............................................

Feb.

45,900

36,200

30,000

25,000

28,900

86,200

194,000

219,000

205,000

57,360

2.49

Mar.

249,000

192,000

174,000

175,000

214,000

272,000

274,000

239,000

222,000

184,000

152,000

172,100

8.00

Apr.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mean gage height, in feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Felu

7.5

7.6

7.4

7.2

7.6

8.6

10.8

12.0

11.1

9.8

Mar.

25.0

20.7

18.4

17.4

16.6

17.8

18.0

16.6

15.2

14.3

Apr.

22.1

20.4

19.8

18.6

17.2

17.2

21.6

27.6

24.0

20.2

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

9.4

10.2

10.1

9.4

11.0

16.4

19.9

16.4

13.8

13.3

Mar.

17.4

20.9

25.6

25.8

23.7

22.6

27.4

41.4

54.1

48.7

Apr.

18.8

18,5

17.7

16.7

16.1

15.0

14.0

13.0

_

-

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

12.2

10.8

9.8

8.9

9.6

17.4

30.3

33.1

31.6

Mar.

36.4

30.1

28.1

28.2

32.5

38.8

38.9

35.3

33.5

29.2

25.5

Apr.

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

_

.

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

U

&

4

N

8

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

22.3

22.5

23.1

Ma

24.1

25.4

27.2

28.8

30.6

32.6

Mai

35.4

38.6

41.6

44.6

47.1

49.9

Ma:

52.2

54.0

54.7

55,2

65.6

55.5

55.5

55.2

54.9

54.4

{

4

8

125,000

127,000

132,000

rch 17

140,000

151,000

167,000

180,000

196,000

214,000

fch 18

240,000

271,000

304,000

336,000

365,000

399,000

fch 19

426,000

448,000

456,000

462,000

466,000

466,000

466,000

462,000

459,000

453,000

March 20

53.0

51.3

436,000

416,000

0

W

N

4

8

M

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

H

8

4

N

8

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

8

Feet

48.8

46.5

44.2

41.9

Mai

39.7

36.1

33.2

Sec.ft.

386,000

358,000

332,000

307,000

-ch 21

283,000

246,000

220.000

March 22

31.2

29.9

29.2

202,000

190,000

184,000

March 23

28.7

27.9

27.5

179,000

173,000

169,000

March 24

27.5

28.1

28.9

169,000

174,000

182,000

March 25

30.2

31.1

32.2

33.6

35.0

36.5

193,000

201,000

211,000

223,000

236,000

250,000

March 26

37.7

38.6

262,000

271,000

1

S

4

6

2

4

N

8

4

H

8

4

H

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

Feet

39.1

39.5

39.6

Sec.ft.

276,000

280,000

282,000

March 27

39.6

39.5

39.1

38.1

282,000

280,000

276,000

266,000

March 28

36.7

35.4

34.5

252,000

240,000

232,000

March 29

34.1

33.6

32.9

228,000

223,000

217,000

March 30

31.6

30.0

28.4

205,000

191,000

177,000

March 31

26.9

25.4

24.2

164,000

151,000

141,000

April 1

23.1

22.0

21.4

132,000

123,000

118,000

I

4

H

8

4

N

8

M

8

4

M

8

4

M

8

4

M

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

Feet Sec .ft.

April 2

20.7 113,000

20.3

20.2

Apt

20.1

19.8

19.6

19.4

Apr

18.9

18.2

18.0

109,000

109,000

11 3

108,000

105,000

104,000

102,000

11 4

98,200

92,600

91,000

.

April 5

17.5

16.9

16.5

Api

17.0

17.4

17.4

Apr

87,000

82,200

79,000

11 6

83,000

86,200

86,200

11 7

17.9 90,200

18.9

21.0

23.2

25.3

26.7

98,200

115,000

133,000

151,000

162,000

April 8

27.7 171,000

JH

I

8

10

H

4

8

M

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

N

8

8

4

11

8

4

11

8

4

M

Feet

27.9

28.0

27.9

27.6

27.2

26.5

Api

25.8

24.9

24.0

2'3.2

22.5

21.8

Sec. ft.

173,000

174,000

173,000

170,000

167,000

161,000

c-il 9

155,000

147,000

140,000

133,000

127,000

121,000

April 10

21.4

20.1

19.3

118,000

108,000

101,000

April 11

18.8

18.7

18,6

97,400

96,600

95,800

April 12

"18.4

18.3

18.2

94,200

93,400

92,600

April 13

18.0

17.5

17.0

91,000

87,000

83,000
OHIO RIVER BASIN 165

Ohio River at Fomeroy, Ohio

location.- Gages at Lock 24, lat. 380 58'45n , long. 81 0 55«40n , 0.9 mile below Racine, 

Ohio, and 242.5 miles below Pittsburgh and Lock 25, lat. 38*54'15", long. 82°7 t 5011 , 

4.5 miles above Point Pleasant, W. Va., and 260.7 miles below Pittsburgh. Measuring 

section, Pomeroy Bend Bridge, lat. 39°0'50n , long. SS^'SO", 1 mile below Fomeroy, 

Ohio, and 251.3 miles below Pittsburgh. Altitude above mean sea level of zero of 

middle gage at Lock 24 is 521.65 feet; of lower gage at Lock 24 is 517.49 feet.

Drainage area.- 39,950 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Staff gages at Locks 24 and 25 read to tenths hourly.

Sbage-discharge reTation.- Defined by current-meter measurements for the entire range 

of stage.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 452,000 second-feet noon Mar. 21; gage height, 57.0 feet 

(middle gage, Lock 24) 2 a.m. Mar. 22.

Maximum known stage, 68.6 feet (Lock 24) Mar. 30, 1913 (discharge, 633,000 

second-feet, by extension of present rating curve).

Remarks.- Maximum discharge and maximum gage height not coincident owing to change in 

slope of river. Record furnished by the Huntington, W. Va., office of the Corps 

of Engineers, U. S. Army.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

20,000

16,800

16,600

21,300

45,200

76,400

56,600

42,800

44,800

45,500

Mar.

275,000

234,000

189,000

154,000

128,000

112,000

108,000

109,000

101,000

89,500

Apr.

219,000

178,000

156,000

144,000

132,000

167,000

213,000

207,000

218,000

204,000

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

40,900

32,800

28,100

27,100

46,600

88,400

100,000

157,000

120,000

92,200

Mar.

80,400

89,900

116,000

162,000

180,000

171,000

200,000

253,000

317,000

399,000

Apr.

172,000

149,000

136,000

125,000

114,000

105,000

94,600

83,400

73,000

46,800

Day

21

22

25

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

76,400

65,800

56,500

49,500

51,600

88, 600

150,000

234,000

270,000

1.99

Mar.

446,000

428,000

378,000

526,000

298,000

506,000

336,000

355,000

343,000

315,000

273,000

6.77

Apr.

59,400

45,500

46,900

48,400

48,000

45,700

37,100

32,100

33,300

32,800

3.12

Mean gage height, in feet, 1956 (Lock 24)

Day

1

2

5

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

5.65

5.22

5.11

6.12

10.29

16.56

13.42

10.50

10.29

10.34

Mar.

40.84

37.75

32.96

28.18

24.22

21.62

20.86

20.93

19.83

18.09

Apr.

38.32

32.69

28.74

26.87

25.26

30. 56

38.61

39.70

59.21

36.94

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

9.85

8.23

7.58

7.12

12.82

24.16

25.10

26.71

25.20

20.91

Mar.

16.61

17.95

21.66

27.57

29.95

28.52

33.13

40.63

47.61

53.12

Apr.

33.07

29.55

26.88

24.74

22.61

20.94

19.27

17.35

15.55

a

Day

21

22

25

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

17.26

14.90

12.86

11.24

11.55

17.60

27.18

55.94

40.15

Mar.

56,38

56.58

54.44

51.16

49.47

49.42

50.13

50.64

49.94

47.69

44.86

Apr.

b!3.48

b!4.96

b!5.16

b!5.54

bl5.51

b!4.94

bl5. 76

bl5. 15

blS. 41

b!3.40

a Wickets put up this date.

b At lower gage; all other gage heights are for middle gage^

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

1

M

6

H

6

M

6

K

6

1C

6

N

6

M

6

K

6

M

6

N

6

1C

6

N

6

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 14

26.0

27.6

38.8

29.6

151,000

164,000

174,000

180,000

March 15

30.0

30.1

29.9

29.6

liar

29.1

29.0

29.4

30.0

182,000

182,000

179,000

176,000

oh 16

171,000

169,000

171,000

176.000

March 17

51.5

53.0

34.8

36.7

Mar

38.7

40.7

42.6

44.3

186,000

199,000

215,000

231,000

Bh 18

242,000

250,000

266,000

281,000

March 19

46.1

47.6

49.1

50.6

300,000

515,000

334,000

356,000

W

6

K

6

M

6

S

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

K

6

N

6

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 20

51.9

55.1

54.3

55.5

379,000

398,000

418,000

439,000

March 21

56.0

56.6

56.9

57.0

Mar

57.0

56.7

56.4

55.8

444,000

462,000

450,000

444,000

oh 22

439,000

427,000

418,000

405.000

March 23

55.1

54.5

53.5

52.7

Mar

51.8

51.0

50.5

49.9

393,000

382,000

362,000

351,000

oh 24

336,000

326,000

319,000

305,000

March 25

49.6

49.3

49.3

49.3

300,000

293,000

295,000

298,000

h 

W

6

K

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

K

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

Feet See. ft.

March 26

49.3

49.3

49.5

49.7

300,000

302,000

311,000

319,000

March 27

49.9

50.1

50.3

50.5

Mai

50.6

50.7

50.6

50.5

329,000

336,000

345,000

550,000

ch 28

355,000

357,000

355,000

352 . 000

March 2' 9

50.3

50.0

49.6

49.0

Mai

48.4

47.8

46.9

46.0

348,000

344,000

339,000

329,000

ch 30

323,000

318,000

306,000

296.000

March 31

44.9

43.9

42.7

41.5

283,000

274,000

262,000

252,000

S 

o

M

6

K

6

If

6

K

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

K

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

Feet Sec. ft.

April 1

39.8

38.2

36.8

35.4

231,000

216,000

207,000

197,000

April 2

34.0

32.6

31.4

30.2

Apr

29.4

28.7

27.9

27.6

187,000

177,000

170,000

164,000

il 3

159,000

157,000

150,000

150.000

April 4'

27.2

26.8

26.5

2-6.1

Apr

25.6

25.1

24.8

25.2

147,000

144,000

141,000

139,000

11 5

134,000

131,000

129,000

130,000

April 6

27.6

30.5

33.5

35.9

146,000

170,000

190,000

205,000

I

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

1C

6

N

6

M

Feet Sec. ft.

April 7

37.7

39.0

39.6

39.7

210,000

217,000

216,000

209,000

April 8

39.6

39.6

59.7

39.7

Apr

39.6

59.2

58.8

58.4

202,000

202,000

209,000

214,000

11 9

219,000

219,000

216,000

216.000

April 10

37.7

57.0

56.1

55.2

Apr

54.2

52.9

32.1

51.1

211,000

204,000

199,000

191,000

11 11

183,000

172,000

166,000

158.000

April 12

30.2

29.5

28.8

28.1

153,000

150,000

146,000

143,000
166 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Ohio River at Euntlngton, W. Va»

location.- Lat. 38°24'48n , long. 82°30«2n , at Lock 28 and lat. 38°25'56n , long. 82°25' 

3W , at foot of 24th Street, Huntington, Cabell County. Zero of gages is 492.00 feet 

above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 55,200 square miles.

gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graphs at Lock 28 arid at 24th Street in Huntington, except for period Feb. 2-4 at 24th Street gage.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements for the entire range 

of stage.

Maxima.- 1936s Discharge, 536,000 second-feet 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Mar. 22; gage height, 

57.08 (Lock 28 gage) 4 a.m. Mar. 23.

Maximum knoim stage, 64.5 feet (computed for present gage at Lock 28) Mar. 30, 

1913 (discharge, about 770,000 second-feet based on present rating curve).

Remarks.- Maximum discharge and maximum gage height not coincident due to change In 

slope of the river. All gage heights refer to the Lock 28 gage.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

45,100

38,800

36,200

40,200

68,900

111,000

108,000

83,500

72,000

71,900

Mar.

302,000

287,000

254,000

214,000

178,000

147,000

134,000

132,000

128,000

115,000

Apr.

324,000

280,000

231,000

205,000

191,000

246,000

341,000

354,000

340,000

313,000

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

69,300

60,800

50,400

48,300

88,700

213,000

226,000

211,000

207,000

174,000

Mar.

105,000

100,000

116,000

152,000

188,000

198,000

236,000

316,000

411,000

463,000

Apr.

282,000

245,000

214,000

190,000

169,000

147,000

132,000

118,000

105,000

87,100

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

136,000

111,000

94,600

81,000

76,200

92,000

161,000

244,000

295,000

114,300

2.23

Mar.

509,000

531,000

522,000

498,000

472,000

461,000

448,000

438,000

436,000

420,000

372,000

299,400

6.25

Apr.

59,800

60,900

62,400

64,900

67,200

65,800

54,400

45,600

41,300

41,700

169,300

3.42

Mean gage height, in feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

8,77

7.71

7.27

7.93

12.70

20.27

21.14

17.72

14.70

13.61

Mar.

38.61

38.58

36.25

32.33

28.05

24.53

22.23

21.37

20.73

19,55

Apr.

44.37

39.38

34.28

31.3S

29.64

34.25

43.54

47.57

46.09

43.67

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

13.11

12 . 13

10.55

10.15

15.54

28.38

32.54

30.98

30.15

27.72

Mar.

18.18

17.40

19.08

2S.86

26.76

28.63

32.82

39.49

46,11

50.63

Apr.

40.38

36.60

33.07

30.04

27.27

24.86

22.77

20.53

18.62

16.37

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

24.05

20.58

17.88

15. 63

14.41

15.82

22.44

30.30

36.05

Mar.

53.93

56.40

56.89

55.84

54.99

54.67

53.84

52.82

52.02

50.80

48.32

Apr.

13.71

13.58

13.23

12.96

12.52

12.47

11.00

10.28

13.63

13.71

Gage height, In feet, and discharge, In second-feet, at Indicated time, 1936

t§'

4

H

8

4

K

8

4

8

H

4

8

M

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

8

H

4

8

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 16

27.94

28.40

29.44

196,000

194,000

199,000

March 17

30.98

32.80

34.66

Mai

36.85

38.20

39.47

40.76

42.10

43.43

Max

44,16

45.22

46.15

47.07

47.95

48.76

216,000

234,000

256,000

 ch 18

282,000

294,000

310,000

336,000

345,000

374,000

 ch 19

396,000

408,000

416,000

418,000

434,000

444,000

March 20

49.43

60.06

60.60

51.28

61.79

52.38

460,000

464,000

461,000

468,000

481,000

489,000

& o

M

4

8

H

4

8

M

4

8

H

4

8

H

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

8

N

4

8

4

N

8

Feet See. ft.

March 21

52.93

53.45

53.93

54.43

54.93

55.40

499,000

500,000

507,000

514,000

522,000

526,000

March 22

55.83

56.18

56.50

56.75

56.92

57.03

Mai

57.08

57.07

56.98

56.85

56.64

66.43

Mai

56.22

55.97

65.83

55.66

55.48

535,000

536,000

536,000

536,000

535,000

534,000

 ch 23

527,000

522,000

524,000

518,000

518,000

517,000

ch 24

511,000

501,000

496,000

495,000

485,000

March 25

65.17

54.93

54.85

476,000

470,000

465,000

FH

g

M

4

H

8

4

N

4

8

M

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

H

 8

4

N

8

4

N

Feet See. ft.

March 26

54.88

54.71

54.50

465,000

462,000

459,000

March 27

54.20

53.85

53.66

53.47

53.30

452,000

450,000

449,000

444,000

439,000

March 28

53.13

52.80

52.52

438,000

440,000

440,000

March 29

52.29

52.04

51.75

Mar

51.38

50.87

50.20

437,000

437,000

433,000

ch 30

429,000

417,000

415,000

March 31

49,39

48.38

47.20

Apr

45.88

44.37

388,000

371,000

360,000

11 1

341,000

316,000

& 

M

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

5

10

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

8

N

Feet

42.80

Apt

41.08

39.38

37.58

Sec. ft.

298,000

11 2

288,000

267,000

249,000

April 3

35.78

34.18

32.87

238,000

224,000

214,000

April 4

31.98

31.32

30.73

205,000

202,000

199,000

April 5

30.05

29.30

29.30

29.60

192,000

186,000

186,000

189,000

April 6

31.25

32.70

34.13

35.58

37.32

39.08

209,000

222,000

239,000

255,000

269,000

296,000

April 7

40.80

42.40

43.83

321,000

333,000

348,000

FH 14

8

M

4

8

H

4

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

Feet

45.08

46.14

46.87

Sec.ft.

358,000

359,000

360,000

April 8

47.38

47.66

47.78

47.73

47.57

360,000

360,000

359,000

358,000

352,000

April 9

46.87

46.03

45.35

Api

350,000

340,000

335,000

-11 10

44.57 324,000

43.69

42.72

313,000

303,000

April 11

41.56

40.38

39.17

296,000

285,000

268,000

April 12

37.90

36.60

35.38

258,000

250,000

233,000

April 13

34.20

33.07

32.02

225,000

217,000

208,000
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 13

A. FORMER LOCATION OF SIX HOUSES WHICH WERE REMOVED BY THE FLOOD 

OF MARCH 1936 ON THE KISKIMINETAS RIVER AT NORTH VANDERGRIFT, PA.

Courtesy of the Corps of Engineers, United States Army.

B. FLOOD CONDITIONS ON THE ALLEGHENY RIVER AT PITTSBURGH, PA.,

MARCH 18, 1936. 

The smoke is from a burning oil tank. Courtesy of the Corps of Engineers, United States Army.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 800 PLATE 14

A. THE BUSINESS SECTION OF PITTSBURGH, PA., AT THE JUNCTION OF THE ALLEGHENY AND MONONGAHEIA RIVERS, FLOODED ALMOST TO THE SECOND STORIES.

Courtesy of the Corps of Engineers, United States Army.

B. WHEELING ISLAND AND CONNECTING BRIDGES AT WHEELING, W. VA., AT THE

CREST OF THE FLOOD ON THE OHIO RIVER.

Courtesy of Cresco Photo Service, Wheeling, W. Va.
OHIO RIVER BASIS 167

Ohio River at Cincinnati, Ohio

Location.- 0. S. Weather Bureau gages at West End plant of Cincinnati Gas & Electric 

Co. 1^ miles below Broadway and at foot of Broadway in Cincinnati, Hamilton County. 

Zeros of gages are 428.8 feet and 429.8 feet respectively above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 76,580 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph at West End gage Mar. 21 to 2 p.m.

Apr. 3; hourly gage readings at Broadway gage thereafter. 

Maxima.- 1936: Oage height, 60.6 feet 2 a.m. to noon Mar. 28.

1858-1935: Oage height, 71.1 feet Feb. 14, 1884 (discharge not determined). 

- ae heih

Gage height, in feet, at 0. S. Weather Bureau gages, at indicated time, 1936

Hour

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Hour

2

4

6 ' 8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Hour

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

March 21

50.7

51.1

51.4

51.7

52.0

52.4

52.7

52.9

53.2

53.5

53.7

54.0

March 29

59.9

59.9

59.8

59.8

59.7

59.7

59,5

59.4

59.3

59.3

59.2

59.2

April 6

42.7

43.1

43.5

43.9

44.3

44.7

45.0

45.3

45.5

45.7

45.9

46.1

March 22

54.2

54.4

54.6

54.8

 55.1

55.3

55.5

55.7

55.9

56.1

56.3

56.5

March 30

59.1

59.0

58.9

58.8

58.7

58.6

58.5

58.4

58.3

58.2

58.1

58.0

April 7

46.3

46.5

46.6

46.7

46.9

47.1

47.2

47.4

47.6

47.8

48.0

48.2

March 23

56.7

56.8

57.0

57.0

57.2

57.3

57.4

57.7

57.8

58.0

58.1

58.3

March 31

57.9

57.8

57.7

57.6

57.6

57.5

57.4

57.3

57.2

57.0

56.9

56.7

April 8

48.5

48.9

49.3

49.6

50.0

50.3

50.5

50.9

51.1

51.3

51.5

51.7

March 24

58.4

58.5

58.6

58.7

58.8

58.9

59.0

59.1

59.2

59.2

59.3

59.4

April 1

56.5

56.3

56.1

56.0

55.8

55.6

55.4

55.2

55.1

54.9

54.8

54.7

April 9

51.9

52.1

52.3

52.5

52.7

52.9

53.0

53.1

53.3

53.4

53.5

53.6

March 25

59.5

59.6

59.5

59.5

59.5

59.6

59.6

59.7

59.7

59.7

59.6

59.6

April 2

54.6

54.4

54.2

54.0

53.8

53.6

53.2

52.9

52.7

52.5

52.3

52.1

April 10

53.7

53.8

53.9

54.0

54.0

54.0

54.0

54.0

54.0

54.0

53.9

53.9

March 26

59.7

59.7

59.5

59.5

59.5

59.5

59.4

59.5

59.5

59.5

59.5

59.6

April 3

51.8

51.4

51.0

50.6

50.3

50.0

49.7

49.3

49.0

48.7

48.5

48.2

April 11

53.8

53.8

53.7

53.6

53.5

53.4

53.3

53.2

53.1

53.0

52.8

52.7

March 27

59.7

59.8

59.8

59.8

60.0

60.0

60.1

60.2

60.3

60.4

60.5

60.5

April 4

47.8

47.4

47.0

46.6

46.2

45.8

45.4

45.2

44.9

44.6

44.2

43.9

April 12

52.5

52.3

52.2

52.0

51.8

51.6

51.4

51.1

50.9

50.7

50.5

50.3

March 28

60.6

60.6

60.6

60.6

60.6

60.6

60.5

60.4

60.3

60.2

60.1

1 60.0

April 5

43.5

43.1

42.7

42.5

42.2

42.0

41.7

41.4

41.2

41.3

41.7

42.3

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at Dam Ho. 37

Day

March

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

Feett

22.7

23.9

27.1

32.5

37.5

41.5

45.6

50.2

53.3

55.6

57.4

58.5

58.6

58.9

Sec. -ft.

125,000

135,000

170,000

231,000

292,000

343,000

397,000

461,000

508,000

560, QOO

560,000

546,000

527,000

535,000

Day

28

29

30

31

April

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feetf

59.6

59.3

58.4

57.1

55.4

53.4

50.6

46.7

42.4

43.7

46.4

48.6

51.5

53.0

Sec. -ft.

550,000

544,000

530,000

496,000

470,000

450,000

415,000

368,000

318,000

360,000

408,000

438,000

480,000

485,000

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

Feett

53.0

51.6

49.0

45.5

41.5

37.6

34.0

31.0

28.5

26.3

24.5

22.2

19.4

18.0

17.8

Sec. -ft.

470,000

430,000

398,000

354,000

307,000

263,000

225,000

204,000

169,000

148,000

132,000

112,000

92,000

83,000

81,000

* In downstream order this station precedes Louisville, Ky.

** Discharges are considered the same as at Cincinnati. Gage heights and discharges 

given In this table are for 8 a.m. Discharges are preliminary and are subject to revision.

t Pass sill gage.
168 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Ohio River at Ashland, Ky. 

(Drainage area, 60,800 square miles)

Day

Mar. 18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

Gage 

height

4S.1

50.2

55.2

58.7

61.5

62.6

61.5

60.9

Mean 

discharge

317,000

397,000

461,000

516,000

559,000

557,000

529,000

517,000

Day

Mar. 26

27

28

29

30

31

Apr. 1

Z

Gage 

height

60.7

60.1

59.0

58.1

57.1

55.0

51.5

46.6

Mean 

discharge

511,000

500,000

482,000

468,000

453,000

425,000

382,000

328,000

* Records of discharge given for this station are preliminary and are subject to 

revision.

Ohio River at Louisville, Ky. (Dam 41)t 

(Drainage area, 91,200 square miles)

Day

Mar.

Apr.

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

1

2

3

4

5

Gage height 

(Lower gage)

24.1

25.5

29.6

37. S

42.7

46.3

50.7

54.3

57.1

59.4

61.2

62.4

63.6

64.8

65.5

65.5

64.8

63.5

6S.1

60.3

57.7

54.1

Mean 

discharge

142,000

154,000

190,000

266,000

327,000

370,000

428,000

482,000

528,000

570,000

597,000

606,000

613,000

619,000

618,000

610,000

596,000

568,000

540,000

505,000

461,000

416,000

Day

Apr. 6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

SI

22

23

24

25

26

Gage height 

(Lower gage)

52.7

53.8

55.1

56.5

58.6

60.2

60.7

59.5

57.0

53.5

49.1

43.9

38.1

34-1

30.8

27.9

25.8

22.8

20.8

19.3

18.6

Mean 

discharge

402,000

418,000

440,000

480,000

520,000

540,000

530,000

512,000

476,000

428,000

369,000

310,000

254,000

216,000

186,000

161,000

144,000

118,000

102,000

88,000

82,000

t Records of discharge given for this station are preliminary and are subject to 

revision. Discharge measurements made and gage heights furnished by Corps of Engineers, 

United States Army. Daily discharge determined by application of 8 a.m. gage heights to 

preliminary rating based on discharge measurements made In 1936. Daily discharge subject to revision on basis of later measurements and further study of relation of slope 

to discharge.
OHIO RIVER BASIN

Ohio River at Cannelton, Ind.* 

(Drainage area, 96,600 square mllea)

Day

Mar. 18

19

20

21

22

23

84

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Apr. 1

2

3

Gage 

height

a69.7

a75.3

a79.5

a82.6

85.75

88.13

89.73

91.07

92.05

93.10

93.75

94.25

94.58

94.60

94.37

93.86

93.30

Mean 

discharge

_

_

_

_

411,000

462,000

506,000

546,000

576,000

609,000

629,000

643,000

647,000

641,000

623,000

603,000

584,000

Day

Apr. 4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Gage 

height

92.40

91.10

90.30

89.80

89.75

90.00

90.70

91.50

92.13

92.35

91.87

90.67

88.85

86.50

83.33

a79.45

a76.00

Mean 

discharge

553,000

511,000

486,000

471,000

477,000

486,000

510,000

535,000

547,000

548,000

530,000

490,000

440,000

390,000

-

-

* Reco

furnished by 

revision.

a Estimated.

irds of discharge have been computed from discharge measurements and stages 

iy the Corps of Engineers, tr. S. Army. They are preliminary and subject to

Ohio River at Golconda, 111. (Dam 51} 

(Drainage area, 143,700 square miles)

Day

Mar. 17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Apr. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Gage 

Dam 50

19.6

19.3

21.4

25.2

28.7

31.0

33.0

34.9

36.3

37.7

39.8

41.1

42.6

43.9

45.2

46.2

47.0

47.4

47.5

47.6

48.0

47.6

height 

Dam 51

18.8

18.7

20.1

23.1

26.4

28.6

30.2

31.8

33.2

34.5

36.8

38.1

39.4

40.7

41.8

42.8

43.7

44.2

44.5

44.7

45.4

45.1

Mean 

discharge

193,000

188,000

221,000

282,000

340,000

377,000

413,000

450,000

477,000

506,000

550,000

581,000

618,000

650,000

686,000

711,000

733,000

742, OQO

743,000

738,000

750,000

738,000

Day

Apr. 8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

Gage 

Dam 50

47.2

46.8

46.5

46.3

46.3

46.3

46.4

46.6

46.7

46.5

45.8

44.7

43.3

41.2

38.7

35.0

30.5

25.7

21.7

18.6

16.7

height 

Dam 51

44.9

44.6

44.5

44.4

44.4

44.5

44.7

44.8

44.9

44.7

44.3

43.5

42.2

40.3

38.1

34.9

30.6

25.9

21.7

18.6

16.7

Mean 

discharge

723,000

711,000

700,000

694,000

694,000

692,000

692,000

699,000

702,000

697,000

674,000

641,000

607,000

556,000

500,000

420,000

347,000

279,000

209,000

179,000

152,000

* Records of discharge have been computed from discharge measurements and stages 

furnished by the Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army. They are preliminary and subject to 

revision.
FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AHD TIPPER OHIO RIVERS

Ohio River at Metropolis, 111.

Location.- Discharge section at lat. 37°9', long. 88°44', at Paducah & Illinois Railroad bridge at Metropolis, Massac County, 111., 9i miles below Tennessee River. 

Gage-height record obtained at lat. 37 5'25", long. 88 35"38", at foot of Jefferson 

St., Paducah, McCracken County, Ky., a quarter of a mile below Tennessee River. 

Zero of gage is 286.23 feet above mean sea level (general adjustment of 1929).

Drainage area.- 203,000 square miles.

GaKe-heiKht record.- Water-stage recorder graph at Paducah; hourly readings from auxiliary staff gage at Dam No. 53 used in obtaining stage-slope-discharge rating.

Stage-discharge relation.- Discharge determined from rating curve defined by frequent 

discharge measurements throughout full range of stage. The gage height at Paducah, 

corrected by a submergence ratio determined from the stages at Paducah and Dam No. 

53, was applied to curve to obtain discharge, this method allowing for changes in 

slope.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 1,100,000 second-feet Apr. 15 (gage height, 49.15 feet, 

Paducah gage).

1934-35: Discharge, 936,000 second-feet Mar. 23, 1935 (gage height, 45.40 

feet, Paducah gage).

1875-1936: Maximum known stage, 54.3 feet (Paducah gage), Apr. 7, 1913 (discharge not determined).

Remarks.- Flood discharge affected only slightly, If at all, by storage in reservoirs 

upstream.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

16.53

14.87

13.54

12.91

13.00

14.64

16.47

17.53

18.81

19.60

21.22

21.67

22.00

24.50

2.3. 5*-

21.43

19.70

18.63

17.81

17.57

18.17

18.94

19.74

21.00

25.43

28.46

28.55

27.17

25.94

Second-feet

240,000

213,000

190,000

183,000

184,000

211,000

247,000

265, 000

294,000

312,000

348, 000

357,000

362, 000

423,000

386,000

338,000

304,000

284, 000

267, 000

262,000

279,000

294, 000

309, 000

340,000

448, 000

503,000

491,000

451,000

406,000

March

Feet

25.73

26.25

26.89

27.60

28.26

28.90

29.47

29.82

30.00

29.79

29.17

28.05

26.48

24.86

23.10

21.49

21.18

22.13

23.80

26.33

28.80

30.32

31.68

32.93

34.30

36.20

38.54

40.12

41.45

42.66

43.78

Second- feet

381,000

378,000

392,000

417, 000

439,000

460,000

480,000

483, 000

488, 000

477,000

460,000

428, 000

386, 000

346,000

306,000

274, 000

282, 000

304,000

346,000

403, 000

465,000

491,000

527, 000

555,000

593,000

649,000

722,000

777,000

815,000

868, 000

904,000

April

Feet

44.82

45.75

46.34

46.80

47.30

48.11

48.26

48.27

48.34

48.44

48.58

48.74

48.87

48.99

49.09

49.11

48.99

48.58

47.85

46.61

44.95

42.62

39.41

35.17

30.36

25.60

21.37

18.37

16.39

15.16

Second-feet

938,000

977,000

987,000

1,010,000

1,020,000

1,060,000

1,060,000

1,050,000

1,050,000

1,050,000

1,070,000

1,080,000

1,090,000

1,090,000

1,100,000

1,090,000

1,090,000

1,060,000

1,010,000

957,000

895, 000

794,000

685,000

555,000

448, 000

354,000

289,000

242,000

216,000

197,000

February March April

Mean monthly discharge, in second- feet. .................. 316,900 493,400 850,500

Run-off, in inches........ ............................... 1.68 2.80 4.68
OHIO RIVER BASIN 

Chadakoin River at Falconer, N. Y,

171

Location.- Lat. 42°6 I 45", long. 79°12 I 1511 , at South Dow Street bridge in Falconer, 

Ghautauqua County. Zero of gage is 1,256.64 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 194 square miles. About 191 square miles affected by storage in 

Chautauqua Take.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for periods Feb. 20-24, Mar. 

28-30, Then a graph was determined from Chautauqua Lake gage heights and a hydrograph study.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements.

Maxima.- 1936;Discharge, 2,020 second-feet 2 a.m. Apr. 1 (gage height, 4.40 feet).

1935: Discharge, 904 second-feet Mar. 13 and July 25 (gage height, 2.95 

feet).

Remarks.- Flow regulated by storage in Chautauqua Lake. Diurnal fluctuation caused 

by operation of mills. Mean monthly discharges corrected for storage.

Mean discharge, in aecond-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

5

7

8

9

10

Feb.

335

336

332

319

323

324

318

317

309

310

Mar.

500

500

504

534

530

544

566

566

580

607

Apr.

1,840

1,740

1,670

1,580

1,540

1,500

1,460

1,440

1,380

1,410

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

303

303

300

294

292

288

285

285

287

280

Mar.

692

861

931

939

930

954

1,020

1,050

1,040

1,030

Apr.

1,370

1,340

1,340

1,340

1,270

1,260

1,180

1,040

858

939

Day

21

22

23

24

£'5

26

27

28

29

30

31

Mean monthly discharge in aecond-feet (corrected for atorage) . ,

Feb.

270

260

255

255

261

299

404

455

496

381

2.11

Mar.

1,020

970

970

1,060

1,260

1,380

1,520

1,750

1,800

1,840

1,840

977

1,647

9.79

Apr.

1,020

998

963

970

709

549

759

767

744

742

-i i en

676

3.88

Clarion River near Piney, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 41°11'30", long. 79°26 I 011 , at hydroelectric plant of Clarion River 

Power Co. 2g- miles upstream from Piney, Clarion County, and 3 miles southwest of 

Clarion.

Drainage area.- 951 square miles.

Remarks.- Discharge computed from power-house records. Monthly data corrected for 

storage. Records furnished by Clarion River Power Co.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

975

272

704

694

510

596

719

894

63

366

Mar.

3,360

3,240

3,060

3,350

5,670

5,700

5,500

4,540

4,660

5,490

Apr.

3,960

3,850

4,900

3,720

1,480

4,730

4,790

3,660

3,770

4,170

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

528

454

653

601

437

317

457

609

438

442

Mar.

8,060

18,100

10,700

7,140

6,460

8,850

23,900

38,400

16,600

9,610

Apr.

4,080

2,090

3,050

2,950

2,650

2,560

2,710

2,680

518

1,540

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-orf f, in inches (corrected

Feb.

607

461

63

862

1,420

3,760

5,420

5,680

5,590

1,193

1.35

1.37

Mar.

h 7,810

6,310

6,280

6,970

7,950

7,810

7,370

7,970

5,760

5,090

4,000

8,571

10.39

10.49

Apr.

1,560

2,060

1,700

1,090

2,210

406

1,320

1,200

1,200

1,050

2,622

3.08
172 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Redbank Creek at St. Charles, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°59'4011 , long. 79°23'30", at industrial-railroad bridge at St. Charles,

Clarion County, a quarter of a mile below mouth of Leatherwood Creek. Zero of gage

is 976.24 feet above mean sea level. 

brainage area.- 528 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Graph based upon two or more chain-gage readings daily. Gage

heights used to half tenths between 1.0 and 2.5 feet; hundredths below and tenths

above these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 4,000 secondfeet; extended to crest discharge using slope-area determination of flood flow. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 35,200 second-feet 4 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 18.60 feet,

from flood marks).

1909-35: Discharge, 21,000 second-feet Dec. 14, 1927; maximum gage height,

14.0 feet Mar. 12, 1920 (affeoted by ice).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

320

310

300

290

280

280

270

265

260

255

Mar.

2,730

1,370

2,190

2,450

3,640

3,020

2,450

1,980

1,950

2,530

Apr.

1,290

2,190

2,190

1,820

1.490

2,420

2,190

1,940

1,710

1,710

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

250

240

230

225

230

290

310

270

250

240

Mar.

4,560

8,640

5,740

4,010

3,790

8,730

20,300

25,300

13,000

8,390

Apr.

1,490

1,290

1,390

1,110

950

950

810

720

633

606

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. . ..........................................

Feb.

230

220

210

200

2,500

4,500

6,260

4,680

2,870

932

1.91

Mar.

5,560

3,200

2,560

2,580

2,450

2,110

2,220

2,560

2,300

1,770

1,410

10.95

Apr.

606

690

662

530

460

438

396

396

396

417

2.39

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

SJow

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

3.98

3.96

3.94

3.92

3.88

3.82

3.76

3.72

3.68

3.66

3.66

3.68

2,190

2,190

2,060

2,060

2,060

1,940

1,940

1,820

1,820

1,820

1,820

1,820

March 14

5.60

5.50

5.38

5.26

5.14

5.10

5.06

5.02

4.98

4.99

6.00

5.01

4,680

4,500

4,320

4,140

3,800

3,800

3,800

3,640

3,640

3,640

3,640

3,640

March 20

7.90

7.70

7.55

7.45

7.35

7.30

7.25

7.20

7.20

7.10

7.00

6.90

9,520

9,080

8,860

8,420

8,420

8,200

7,980

7,980

7,980

7,760

7,540

7,320

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.69

3.70

3.71

3.73

3.76

3.78

3.80

3.83

3.87

3.91

3.95

3.99

1,820

1,820

1,820

1,820

1,940

1,940

1,940

1,940

2,060

2,060

2,190

2,190

March 15

5.08

5.10

5.12

5.14

5.16

5.12

5.08

5.02

5.00

5.02

5.10

5.30

3,800

3,800

3,800

3,800

3,970

3,800

3,800

3,640

3,640

3,640

3,800

4,140

March 21

6.75

6.60

6.45

6.30

6.15

6.00

5.85

5.70

5.60

5.50

5.40

5.30

7,100

6,680

6,260

6,050

5,850

5,450

5,060

4,870

4,680

4,500

4,320

4,140

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

4.00

4.01

4.01

4.00

4.05

4.15

4.25

4.35

4.45

4.55

4.65

4.75

2,190

2,190

2,190

2,190

2,190

2,450

2,450

2,730

2,730

3,020

3,020

3,320

March 16

5.65

6.20

6.70

7.00

7.40

7.65

7.95

8.25

8.55

8.80

9.00

9.20

4,680

5,850

6,890

7,540

8,420

8,860

9,740

10,200

11,100

11,600

12,000

12,500

March 22

5.20

5.10

5.00

4.95

4.85

4.75

4.60

4.45

4.35

4.25

4.20

4.19

3,970

3,800

3,640

3,640

3,320

3,320

3,020

2,730

2,730

2,450

2,450

2,450

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

4.90

5.05

5.20

5.35

5.45

5.55

5.60

5.65

5.75

5.90

6.10

6.40

3,480

3,640

3.970

4,320

4,320

4,680

4,680

4,680

5,060

5,250

5,660

6,260

March 17

9.40

9.50

9.60

9.80

10.20

11.40

13.00

14.60

15.70

16.20

16.60

17.40

13,000

13,200

13,400

13,900

14,800

17,600

21,400

25,200

27,900

29,200

30,200

32,200

March 23

4.18

4.17

4.18

4.19

4.21

4.23

4.26

4.30

4.40

4.41

4.42

4.40

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,590

2,590

2,730

2,730

2,730

2,730

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

6.70

7.30

8.10

8.35

8.40

8.20

7.90

7.65

7.40

7.20

7.00

6.80

6,890

8,200

9.970

10,700

10,700

10,200

9,520

8,860

8,420

7,980

7,540

7,100

March 18

18.40

18.60

18.00

16.80

15.40

14.07

13.20

12.45

11.80

11.55

11.15

10.80

34,700

35,200

33,700

30,700

27,200

24,000

21,900

20,000

18,500

18,000

17,100

16,200

March 24

4.39

4.37

4.34

4.31

4.29

4.28

4.27

4.26

4.24

4.22

4.20

4.20

2,730

2,730

2,590

2,590

2,590

2,590

2,590

2,590

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,450

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

6.65

6.50

6.35

6.25

6.15

6.05

5.97

5.92

5.88

5.84

5.76

5.68

6,680

6,470

6,260

5,850

5,850

5,450

5,450

5,250

5,250

5,060

5,060

4,870

March 19

10.55

10.30

10.10

9.90

9.70

9.50

9.20

8.90

8.70

8.50

8.30

8.10

15,700

15,000

14,600

14,100

13,600

13,200

12,500

11,800

11,400

10,900

10.400

9,970

March 25

4.20

4.22

4.24

4.24

4.26

4.25

4.23

4.21

4.19

4.17

4.15

4.13

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,590

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,320
OHIO RIVER BASIN 173 

Mahoning Creek near Dayton, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°54'5n , long. 79°13'3511 , at Independence Bridge, 1 3/4 miles northeast

of Dayton, Armstrong County. Zero of gage is 1,095.24 feet above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 321 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Graph based on two or more chain-gage readings daily. Gage heights

used to half tenths between 2.5 and 4.0 feetj hundredths below and tenths above these

limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined to 4,000 second-feet by current-meter measurements;

extended to crest discharge using slope-area determination of flood flow*. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 22,800 second-feet 8:30 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 14.53 feet). 

1916-35: Discharge, 11,000 second-feet Feb. 20, 1918 (gage height, 9.6 feet,

from graph based on gage readings).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

290

270

250

250

245

235

230

220

210

205

Mar.

1,320

749

1,230

1,880

2,580

915

1,370

1,190

1,220

1,520

Apr.

740

910

1,280

960

910

2,630

1,950

1,570

1,220

1,060

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

200

190

180

175

180

190

210

190

180

170

Mar.

2,930

4,020

2,100

2,160

2,260

3,110

9,970

16,300

5,860

3,160

Apr.

910

740

700

700

625

590

526

476

440

386

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

165

160

150

150

1,000

2,500

4,500

3,530

2,280

2.17

Mar.

2,040

1,680

1,680

1,500

1,290

1,050

1,160

1,310

1,020

912

819

2 590

9.30

Apr..

338

314

292

270

246

219

200

208

200

193

727

2.52

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

p 3

om

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

3.70

3.68

3.66

3.64

3.62

3.60

3.59

3.58

3.55

3.53

3.50

3.48

1,275

1,275

1,230

1,230

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,140

1,140

1,090

1,090

March 14

4.12

4.24

4.35

4.46

4.50

4.54

4.58

4.62

4.68

4.74

4.80

4.86

1,680

1,790

2,030

2,150

2,150

2,150

2,280

2,280

2,410

2,410

2,540

2,670

March 20

5.75

5.66

5.58

5.50

5.37

5.24

5.10

4.95

4.88

4.80

4.78

4.75

3,970

3,810

3,660

3,510

3,360

3,060

2,910

2,770

2,630

2,490

2,490

2,490

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.47

3.48

3.49

3.50

3.55

3.60

3.65

3.70

3.76

3.82

3.86

3.90

1,040

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,140

1,180

1,230

1,275

1,320

1,370

1,420

1,470

March 15

4.90

4.90

4.86

4.82

4.71

4.60

4.49

4.38

4.30

4.25

4.20

4.20

2,670

2,670

2,670

2,540

2,410

2,280

2,150

2,030

1,910

1,790

1,790

1,790

March 21

4.72

4.69

4.66

4.64

4.57

4.49

4.40

4.30

4.24

4.20

4.19

4.18

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,210

2,210

2,080

1,950

1,820

1,690

1,690

1,690

1,690

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3o92

3.94

3.96

3.94

3.92

3.90

3.88

3.86

3.85

3.96

4.08

4.20

1,470

1,520

1,520

1,520

1,470

1,470

1,470

1,420

1,420

1,520

1,680

1,790

Marc-h 16

4.27

4.34

4.41

4,48

4.73

4.98

5.24

5.50

5.80

6.09

6.38

6.68

1,910

1,910

2,030

2,150

2,410

2,810

3,090

3,530

3,980

4,460

4,940

5,440

March 22

4.17

4.16

4.15

4.14

4.15

4.16

4.17

4.18

4.19

4.20

4.21

4.22

1,690

1,690

1,690

1,570

1,690

1,690

1,690

1,690

1,690

1,690

1,690

1,690

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

4.33

4.47

4.61

4.75

4.90

5.05

5.20

5.35

5.50

5.65

5.80

5.95

1,910

2,150

2,280

2,540

2,670

2,810

3,090

3,380

3,530

3,680

3,980

4,300

March 17

6.98

7.28

7.58

7.88

8.36

8.84

9.32

9.80

10.30

10.80

11.30

11.80

5,950

6,490

7,030

7,600

8,570

9,370

10,410

11,480

12,580

13,720

14,870

16,060

March 23

4.23

4.24

4.26

4.28

4.25

4.22

4.19

4.16

4.15

4.14

4.13

4.12

1,690

1,690

1,820

1,820

1,690

1,690

1,690

1,690

1,690

1,570

1,570

1,570

Feet jSec.ft.

March 12

6.09

6.23

6,37

6.51

6.50

6,25

5.90

5.60

5.30

5.11

4.92

4.73

4,460

4,620

4,940

5,100

5,100

4,620

4,140

3,680

3,230

2,950

2,670

2,410

March 18

12 0 30

12.80

13.90

14.50

14.40

13.20

12.10

11.20

10.40

9.70

9.10

8.60

17,260

18,490

21,240

22,800

22,540

19,490

16,780

14,640

12,800

11,260

9,990

8,970

March 24

4.11

4.10

4.09

4.08

4.06

4.04

4.02

4.01

3.99

3.98

3.97

3.96

1,570

1,570

1,570

1,570

1,570

1,450

1,450

1,450

1,450

1,450

1,390

1,390

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

4.61

4.49

4.37

4.25

4.18

4.12

4.06

4.00

4.96

4.94

4.96

4.00

2,280

2,150

2,030

1,790

1,790

1,680

1,680

1,570

2,810

2,670

2,810

1,570

March 19

8.20

7.85

7.50

7.20

6.95

6.70

6.50

6.30

6.20

6.05

5.95

5.85

8,170

7,410

6,850

6,310

5,950

5,440

5,100

4,770

4,610

4,290

4,290

3,970

March 25

3.95

3.94

3.92

3.90

3.89

3.87

3.84

3.82

3.81

3.80

3.79

3.78

1,390

1,390

1,330

1,330

1,330

1,280

1,280

1,220

1,220

1,220

1,220

1,220

Supplemental records. - Mar. 18, 8:30 a.m., 14.53 ft., 22,800 sec.-ft.
174 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Crooked Creek near Ford City, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°43 tO", long. 79°31'50n , at highway bridge similes south of Ford

City, Armstrong County, and 5 miles above confluence with Allegheny River. Zero

of gage is 786.13 feet above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 280 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Graph based on two or more chain-gage readings daily. Gage

heights used to half tenths between 2.0 and 3.5 feet; hundredths below and tenths

above these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements to 2,000 second-feet;

extended to crest discharge using contracted-opening determination of flood flow. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 21,000 second-feet 5 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 17.86 feet,

from flood mark).

1909-35: Discharge, 17,700 second-feet (revised) June 29, 1924 (gage height,

13.1 feet, former site and datum, from graph based on gage readings); maximum gage

height, 15.5 feet (affected by ice) Mar. 4, 1934.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

200

190

190

210

180

170

160

155

160

150

Mar.

725

570

635

607

1,400

810

680

468

400

280

Apr.

400

435

435

382

435

1,140

1,410

692

680

636

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

145

140

135

130

140

300

330

260

220

190

Mar.

541

1,750

1,790

1,160

1,420

1,930

10,200

13,900

4,250

2,100

Apr.

635

570

550

470

452

382

330

282

267

239

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

170

150

140

130

2,000

4,000

5,230

1,540

985

624

2.40

Mar.

1,510

1,110

1,080

914

633

561

691

740

683

548

480

1,757

7.24

Apr.

267

226

201

167

157

147

138

125

119

107

416

1.65

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in seoond-feet, at indicated time. 1956

&

3

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

3.25

3.20

3.18

3.19

3.20

3.22

3.24

3.23

3<20

3.16

3.10

3.00

490

470

470

470

470

470

490

490

470

452

435

400

March 14

4.80

4.60

4.40

4.30

4.26

4.28

4.35

4.50

4.65

4.80

4.85

4.90

1,280

1,160

1,040

985

985

985

1,040

1,100

1,160

1,280

1,280

1,340

March 20

6.50

6.35

6.20

6.09

5.98

5.87

5.76

5.65

5.55

5.50

5.45

5.40

2,590

2,500

2,320

2,230

2,150

2,070

1,990

1,830

1,830

1,750

1,680

1,680

Feet Seo.ft.

March 9

2.96

2.92

2.90

2.89

2.90

2.95

3.05

3.10

3.12

3.10

3.08

3.06

382

365

365

365

365

382

418

435

435

435

435

418

March 15

4.95

4.94

4.92

4.88

4.90

4.95

5.00

5.10

5.20

5.22

5.18

5.08

1,400

1,340

1,340

1,340

1,340

1,400

1,400

1,470

1,540

1,540

1,540

1,470

March 21

5.38

5.36

5.34

5.32

5.28

5.24

5.16

5.04

4.96

4.88

4.80

4.72

1,680

1,680

1,610

1,610

1,610

1,540

1,540

1,400

1,400

1,340

1,280

1,220

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.01

2.96

2.86

2.77

2.68

2.57

2.42

2.30

2.20

2.30

2.42

2.56

400

382

348

313

297

253

213

189

167

189

213

253

Maroh 16

4.921 1,340

4.80

4.65

' 4.61

4.70

5.05

5.50

6.00

6.35

6.70

7.15

7.60

1,280

1,160

1,160

1,220

1,400

1,750

2,150

2,500

2,770

3,250

3,650

March 22

4.64

4.60

4.57

4.54

4.51

4.49

4.47

4.46

4.44

4.44

4.45

4.46

1,160

1,160

1,160

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,100

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

2.72| 297

2.90

3.10

3.20

3.26

3.30

3.35

3.46

3.60

3.80

4.00

4.20

365

435

470

490

510

530

570

635

725

825

930

March 17

8.10

8.75

9.40

10.08

10.95

11.98

12.80

13.85

15.20

15.90

16.20

16.60

4,190

4,990

5,720

6,630

7,900

9,430

10,700

12,500

15,200

16,600

17,200

18,000

March 23

4.47

4.48

4.49

4.51

4.50

4.49

4.47

4.46

4.44

4.41

4.38

4.35

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,040

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

4.30

4.40

4.50

4.58

5.00

5.50

6.00

6.31

6.42

6.42

6.35

6.20

985

1,040

1,100

1,160

1,400

1,750

2,150

2,410

2,500

2,500

2,500

2,320

Maroh 18

17.20

17.75

17.80

17.40

15.80

14.40

13.25

12.32

11.65

11.00

10.50

10.00

19,400

20,700

20,700

19,800

16,400

13,600

11,400

9,910

8,800

7,900

7,190

6,500

Maroh 24

4.32

4.29

4.27

4.25

4.23

4.21

4.17

4.13

4.08

4,03

3.97

3.91

985

985

985

930

930

930

930

875

875

825

825

775

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

6.00

5.80

5.60

5.35

5.30

5.40

5.50

5.58

5.60

5.45

5.25

5.00

2,150

1,990

1,830

1,680

1,610

1,680

1,750

1,830

1,830

1,680

1,540

1,400

Maroh 19

9.601 5,980

9.25

8.90

8.55

8.20

7.95

7.70

7.45

7.20

7.00

6.80

6.65

5,470

5.110

4,750

4,300

4,080

3,750

3,450

3,250

3,050

2,860

2,680

March 25

3.86

3.&L

3.76

3.71

3.66

3.60

3.50

3.40

3.30

3.32

3.35

3.40

775

725

725

680

680

635

590

550

510

510

530

550

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 5 a.m., 17.86 ft., 21,000 sec.-ft.
OHIO RIVEE BASIN 175

Stony Creek at Johnstown, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°19'0", long. 78°54'50", at Poplar Street Bridge, at Johnstown, Cambria bounty, 1-g miles above confluence with Little Conemaugh River. Zero of gage 

is 1,154.0 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 467 square miles.

Gage-height "record.- Graph based on two or more readings daily until 1 p.m. Mar. 17, 

when gage was destroyed; Mar. 17-31 based on hydrographic comparison with nearby 

stations. No records available for April. Gage heights used to half tenths between 2.0 and 3.0 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements to 5,000 second-feet; 

extended to crest discharge by using slope-area and contracted-opening determinations of flood flow.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 59,000 second-feet 12:30 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 30.26 

feet, by levels to flood marks).

1913-35: Discharge, 21,000 second-feet (revised) Mar. 29, 1924 (gage height, 

16.9 feet, from graph based on gage readings).

1889-1935: Maximum known stage, 28.3 feet May 31, 1889, by levels to flood 

marks (affected by backwater from Conemaugh River: discharge not determined).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

328

309

290

400

350

310

290

270

265

260

Mar.

3,360

2.640

1,930

1,610

3,800

3,040

2,270

2,120

2,030

3,080

Apr. Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

260

265

270

290

330

380

560

500

470

440

Mar.

5,640

6,380

3,730

2,530

2,590

4,100

20,700

35,700

9,970

5,690

Apr. Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

420

400

390

470

1,010

6,170

8,300

5,000

3,470

2.50

Mar.

4,430

3,490-

2,950

2,840

2,720

2,540

2,840

2,590

2,140

1,880

1,680

12.22

Apr.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

|

s

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

V

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

5.08

5.05

5.02

S.OO

4.95

4.93

4.90

4.83

4.80

4.80

4.83

4.86

2,270

2,180

2,180

2,180

2,180

2,090

2,090

2,010

2,010

2,010

2,010

2,090

March 14

5.47

5.40

5.37

5.34

5.32

5.30

5.30

5.30

5.29

5.40

5.45

5.50

2,640

2,540

2,540

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,450

2,540

2,540

2,640

March 20

8.80

8.60

8.46

8.33

8.18

8.03

7.90

7.80

7.75

7.66

7.58

7.50

6,580

6,300

6,170

5,910

5,780

5,520

5,390

5,260

5,260

5,130

5,000

4,870

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

4.86

4.80

4.72

4.68

4.65

4.67

4.70

4.75

4.83

4.89

5.00

5.20

2,090

2,010

1,930

1,930

1,850

1,950

1,930

2,010

2,010

2,090

2,180

2,360

March 15

5.49

5.47

5.40

5.35

5.36

5.40

5.47

5.52

5.50

5.46

5.45

5.45

2,640

2,640

2,540

2,540

2,540

2,540

2,640

2,640

2,640

2,640

2,540

2,540

March 21

7.44

7.40

7.34

7.30

7.22

7.18

7.10

7.00

6.94

6.87

6.80

6.71

4,750

4,750

4,630

4,630

4,510

4,510

4,390

4,270

4,150

4,150

4,030

3,910

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

5.40

5.60

5.80

5.95

5.98

6.00

6.00

6.00

6.10

6.20

6.30

6.48

2,540

2,740

2,940

3,140

3,140

3,140

3,140

3,140

3,250

3,360

3,470

3,690

Mar eh 16

5.47

5.52

5.60

5.70

5.90

6.20

6.80

7.70

8.05

8.30

8.51

8.90

2,640

2,640

2,740

2,840

3,040

3,360

4,030

5,130

5,520

5,910

6,170

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

6.60

6.78

6.95

7.25

7.65

8.05

8.45

8.80

9.17

9.39

9.54

9.60

3,800

4,030

4,270

4,510

5,000

5,520

6,040

6,580

7,140

7,420

7,560

7,700

March 17

9.58

10.22

11.05

12.00

12.90

14.00

15.70

17.20

19.20

21.40

24.60

6,720 29.90

March 22

6.62

6.57

6.50

6.40

6.36

6.30

6.22

6.18

6.14

6.09

6.02

5.98

3,800

3,800

3,690

3,580

3,580

3,470

3,360

3,360

3,250

3,250

3,140

3> 140

7,700

8,600

9,840

11,500

13,000

15,100

18,400

21,600

26,200

31,800

40,600

57,600

March 23

5. 9S

5.93

5.88

5.82

5.80

5.77

5.75

5.74

5.73

5.72

5.70

5.70

3,140

3,040

3,040

2,940

2,940

2,940

2,940

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

9.59

9.46

9.21

9.04

8.80

8.60

8.40

8.26

8.06

7.86

7.69

7.58

7,700

7,560

7,140

6,860

6,580

6,300

6,040

5,910

5,650

5,390

5,130

5,000

March 18

30.22

29.60

27.70

25.70

23.60

21.40

19.80

18.50

17.60

16.40

15.07

14.00

58,700

56,600

50,200

43,900

37,800

31,800

27,700

24,600

22,500

19,900

17,200

15,100

March 24

5.70

5.70

5.70

5.70

5.71

5.72

5.71

5.71

5.70

5.69

5.68

5.67

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

2,840

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

7.40

7.20

7.01

6.82

6.65

6.50

6.32

6.14

6.00

5.80

5.67

5.58

4,750

4,510

4,270

4,030

3,800

3,690

3,470

3,250

3,140

2,940

2,840

2,740

March 19

13.20

12.60

12.05

11.60

11.07

10.70

10.40

10.05

9.80

9.50

9.25

9.03

13, 600

12,500

11,500

10,800

10,000

9,360

8,900

8,300

8,000

7,560

7,140

6,860

March 25

5.65

5.64

5.63

5.61

5.60

5.58

5.56

5.55

5.54

5.64

5.52

5.50

2,740

2,740

2,740

2,740

2,740

2,740

2,740

2,740

2,640

2,640

2,640

2,640

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 12:30 a.m., 30.36 ft., 59,000 sec.-ft.
176 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Quemahonlng Reservoir near Eol-lsopple, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°0'55", long. 78°56'35", at Quemahoning Dam, Somerset County, abo 

2 miles south of Hollaopple and 1 mile upstream from mouth of Quemahoning Creek.

Drainage area.- 92 square miles.

Remarks.- Spillway crest is at elevation 1,620.0 feet. Flashboards removed from sp: 

way on the morning of Mar. 17 and were not replaced until after the flood. Maxii 

reservoir elevation reached at 3 a.m. Mar. 18. Records furnished by Bethlehem Si 

Company, Cambria Plant, Johnstown, Pa.

Elevation, in feet, and contents, in millions of cubic feet, March 1956

Day

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

17

17

17

17

17

17

17is

18

19

20

21

22

Time

7 a.m.

do

do

do

do

do

do

do

do

do

2:30 p.m.

3:30 p.m.

4:30 p.m.

6 p.m.

8 p.m.

10 p.m.

12 p.m.

3 a.m.

7 a.m.

do

do

do

do

Elevation

1,620.5

1,620.4

1,620.6

1,620.9

1,621.3

1,621.0

1,620.7

1,620.7

1,620.5

1,621.0

1,622.5

1,623.3

1,624.0

1,624.6

1,624.9

1,625.1

1,625.2

1,625.4

1,624.8

1,622.0

1,621.1

1,620.9

1,620.7

Contents

1,403

1,400

1,407

1,418

1,433

1,422

1,410

1,410

1,403

1,422

1,478

1,508

1,535

1,558

1,570

1,577

1,581

1,589

1,566

1,459

1,426

1,418

1,410
OHIO RIVER BASIH 177

Kisklminetas River at Avonmore, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°32'5", long. 79°27'55", at highway bridge at Avonmore, Westmoreland 

County, 1 mile above mouth of Long Run. Zero of gage is 805.64 feet above mean sea 

level.

Drainage area.- 1,723 square miles.

Page-height record.,- Graph based on two or more readings daily of wire-weight gage. No 

record Mar. 18 to Apr. 7. Gage heights used to tenths above and half tenths below 

4.0 feet.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-25. Defined by current-meter measurements to crest stage, using slope-area determination of flood flow.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 200,000 second-feet 8 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 47.2 feet, 

from flood marks).

1907-35: Discharge, 91,700 second-feet Mar. 19, 1908 (gage height, 30.8 feet, 

from graph based on gage readings).

1884-1935: Discharge, 110,000 second-feet Mar. 14, 1907 (gage height, 33.8 

feet, from flood marks).

Remarks.- Discharge during period of missing gage-height record determined from comparison with records at nearby stations.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

2,000

1,900

1,900

2,400

2,100

1,900

1,700

1,600

1,500

1,450

Mar.

9,780

&, 670

7,140

6,060

10,160

9,780

7,300

6,140

5,380

7,040

Apr.

4,800

4,400

4,000

3,600

3,300

26,500

14,200

9,400

7,140

8,310

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,400

1,350

1,350

1,500

1,800

2,500

2,800

2,500

2,000

1,800

Mar.

11,000

20,000

14,400

9,390

9,240

11,100

52,400

135,000

37,800

15,500

Apr.

8,310

7,970

6,820

5,620

4,930

4,410

3,800

3,320

2,960

2,730

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

"un-off , in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

1,700

1,600

1,600

1,800

8,000

29,500

33,800

22,500

12,000

3.24

Mar.

9,750

8,330

7,760

7,590

7,140

6,210

7,540

8,160

6,240

5,710

5,150

10.20

Apr.

2,510

2,510

2,290

2,070

1,850

1,750

1,750

1,750

1,650

1,550

5,207

3.37

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

fc 

§w

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

8,65

8,57

8.50

8.40

8.32

8.22

8.18

8.10

8.03

7.96

7.88

7.80

6,660

6,660

6,510

6,360

6,210

6,060

6,060

5,910

5,760

5,760

5,620

5,480

March 14

10.81

10.64

10.50

10.35

10.20

10.10

9.93

9.90

9.80

9.74

9.70

9.70

10,600

10,200

9,970

9,780

9,400

9,210

9,030

8,850

8,670

8,490

8,490

8,490

March 20

14.70

14.25

13.84

13.50

13.37

12.80

12.46

12.19

11.90

11.60

11.37

11.17

20,000

18,600

17,500

16,700

16,000

15,000

14,200

13,600

12,900

12,200

11,800

11,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

7.78

7.75

7.72

7.71

7.70

7.70

7.69

7.70

7.71

7.72

7.73

7.75

5,480

5,480

5,340

5,340

5,340

5,340

5,340

5,340

5,340

5,340

5,340

5,480

March 15

9.70

9.75

9.86

10.08

10.40

10.48

10.45

10.35

10.25

10.18

10.08

10.00

8,490

8,670

8,850

9,210

9,780

9,970

9,780

9,780

9,400

9,400

9,210

9,030

March 21

10.98

10.80

10.66

10.54

10.40

10.30

10.20

10.14

10.05

10.00

9 094

9.9Q

11,000

10,600

10,200

9,970

9,780

9,590

9,400

9,210

9,030

9,030

8,850

8,850

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

7.80

7.86

7.97

8.11

8.50

8.90

9.20

9.45

9.60

9.68

9.75

9.73

5,480

5,620

5,760

5,910

6,510

7,140

7,630

7,970

8,310

8,490

8,670

8,490

Maroh 16

9.97

9.95

9.95

9.99

10.04

10.25

10.57

11.10

11.73

12.38

13.00

13.60

9,030

9,030

9,030

9,030

9,030

9,400

10,200

11,200

12,400

14,000

15.400

17,000

March 22

9.84

9.80

9.71

9.66

9.62

9.60

9.57

9.52

9.48

9.45

9.42

9.40

8,670

8,670

8,490

8,490

8.310

8,310

8,310

8,140

8,140

7,970

7,970

7,970

Feet Sec.ft.

Maroh 11

9.70

9.80

9.98

10.40

10.80

11.05

11,26

11.40

11.65

11.79

12.10

12.80

8,490

8,670

9,030

9,780

10,600

11,000

11,600

11,800

12,200

12,600

13,300

15,000

March 17

14.30

15.08

15.90

16.90

18.00

20.00

22.80

25.60

27.80

30.20

32.90

35.60

18,900

21,200

23,800

27,200

31,400

39,400

50,600

64,400

75,400

88,100

104,000

120,000

March 23

9.38

9.36

9.34

9.32

9.30

9»27

9.25

9.25

9.24

9.22

9.21

9.21

7,970

7,970

7,800

7,800

7,800

7,800

7,630

7,630

7,630

7,630

7,630

7.630

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

13.63

14.50

15.20

15.47

15.50

15.40

15.30

15.05

14.81

14.60

14.35

14.18

17,000

19,400

21,500

22,500

22,500

22,100

21,800

20,900

20,300

19,700

19,200

18,600

March 18

38.80

42.50

46.10

47.20

47.10

42.30

37.70

34.80

32.00

29.60

27.20

25.60

140,000

166,000

192,000

200,000

199,000

165,000

133,000

116,000

98,900

84,500

72,400

64,400

March 24

9.21

9.20

9.20

9.20

9 19

9ll8

9.17

9.16

9.15

9.12

9.10

9.08

7,630

7,630

7,630

7,630

7,630

7,630

7,630

7,630

7,630

7,460

7,460

7,460

Feet Sec . ft .

March 13

13.90

13.64

13.40

13.07

12.70

12.43

12.18

11.85

11.60

11.42

11.20

11.00

17,800

17,000

16,500

15,700

14,700

14,000

13,600

12,600

12,200

11,800

11,400

11,000

March 19

24.30

23.00

21.70

20.70

19.80

18.85

18.00

17,40

16.80

16.20

15.65

15 e20

57,900

51,400

46,200

42,200

38,600

34,600

31,400

29,100

26,900

24,800

22,800

21,500

March 25

9.05

9.02

9.00

8.97

8.95

8.90

8.87

8.82

8.80

8.75

8.70

8.67

7,300

7,300

7,300

7,300

7,300

7,140

7,140

6,980

6,980

6,980

6,820

6, Q90
178 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Blacklick Creek at Blacklick, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°28'25", long. 79°12'15n , at highway bridge at Gratton, a quarter of 

a mile northwest of Blacklick, Indiana County, and three-quarters of a mile below 

mouth of Two Lick Creek. Zero of gage is 945.94 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 390 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Graph based on two readings daily except for period 10 a.m. liar. 

17 to 5 p.m. Mar. 22, when the record was determined from flood mark and comparison 

with graphs of nearby stations. Gage heights used to half tenths between 3.0 and 

4.5 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-25. Defined to 10,000 second-feet by 

current-meter measurements; extended to crest discharge using slope-area determination of flood flovf.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 51,700 second-feet 1 a.m. Bar. 18 (gage height, 15.88 feet, 

from flood mark).

1904-35: Discharge, 28,900 second-feet (revised) Sept. 3, 1912 (gage height, 

12.90 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

340

320

300

450

400

350

300

270

260

250

Mar.

2,120

1,740

1,440

1,230

2,650

2,120

1,500

1,180

1,280

1,810

Apr.

920

920

920

750

670

4,310

2,530

1,820

1,400

1,820

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

250

260

270

290

320

360

450

300

350

340

Mar.

2,990

3,970

2,550

1,760

2,070

3,360

20,000

29,400

7,850

3,570

Apr.

1,820

2,160

1,400

1,250

1,150

920

790

710

590

590

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

330

320

320

1,200

2,800

6,540

7,450

4,160

2,380

3.05

Mar.

2,720

2,540

2,530

2,470

1,960

1,630

1,960

1,850

1,390

1,220

1,100

3

rjA-\

11.06

Apr.

520

590

485

420

390

366

336

336

308

302

3.04

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

h 

3

&

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

4.14

4.13

4.13

4.12

4.12

4.12

4.12

4.12

4.11

4.-07

4.07

4.07

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,130

1,130

1,130

March 14

4.75

4.70

4.62

4.60

4.64

4.73

4.73

4.67

4.57

4.47

4.40

4.48

1,990

1,860

1,740

1,740

1,740

1,860

1,860

1,860

1,740

1,560

1,500

1,620

March 20

6.90

6.75

6.60

6.50

6.35

6.25

6.15

6.05

5.96

5.90

5.84

5.80

4,480

4,310

3,970

3,800

3,650

3,350

3,350

3,050

3,050

2,920

2,790

2,790

Feet Seo.ft.

March 9

4.07

4.08

4.09

4.11

4.13

4.15

4.17

4.20

4.24

4.28

4.32

4.40

1,130

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,230

1,230

1,230

1,280

1,340

1,390

1,390

1,500

March 15

4.60

4.80

5.00

5.12

5.12

5.04

4.93

4.82

4.78

4.75

4.70

4.70

1,740

1,990

2,250

2,380

2,380

2,250

2,120

1,990

1,990

1,990

1,860

1,860

March 21

5.79

5.78

5.76

5.74

5.72

5.73

5.75

5.75

5.74

5.72

5.70

5.69

2,790

2,790

2,790

2,660

2,660

2,660

2,790

2,790

2,660

2,660

2,660

2,660

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

4.46

4^.53

4.:*

4.60

4.64

4.67

4.70

4.64

4.64

4.70

4.80

5.00

1,560

1,620

1,740

1,740

1,740

1,860

1,860

1,740

1,740

1,860

1,990

2,250

March 16

4.74

4.80

4.90

5.00

5.25

5.50

5.80

6.15

6.45

6.65

6»80

6.90

1,860

1,990

2,120

2,250

2,510

2,930

3,370

3,990

4,330

4,690

5,070

5,270

March 22

5.68

5.66

5.64

5.62

5.60

5.60

5.59

5.57

5.55

5.53

5.54

5.55

2,660

2,660

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,400

2,400

2,530

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

5.22

5.38

5.47

5.53

5.51

5.48

5.48

5.50

5.54

5.65

5.85

6.05

2,510

2,790

2,930

2,930

2,930

2,930

2,930

2,930

2,930

3,070

3,370

3,670

March 17

7.10

7.35

7.65

8.00

8.75

9.60

10.50

11.50

12.60

13.80

14.90

15.75

5,680

6,320

6,760

7,690

9,680

11,900

15,300

20,200

26,800

35,200

43,700

50,900

March 23

5.56

5.56

5.56

5.56

5.56

5.56

5.56

5.56

5.57

5.57

5.58

5.58

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

6.30

6.45

6.50

6.47

6.37

6.28

6.18

6.07

5.97

5.90

5.81

5.74

4,160

4,330

4,510

4,510

4,330

4,160

3,990

3,830

3,670

3,520

3,370

3,220

March 18

15.86

15.50

14.60

13.60

12.90

12.30

11.80

11.35

10.95

10.55

10.15

9.85

51,700

48,500

41,300

33,800

28,900

25,000

22,000

19,700

17,700

15,700

14,100

12,500

March 24

5.58

5.58

5.57

5.57

5.57

5.57

5.56

5.56

5.54

5.50

5.45

5.40

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,400

2,400

2,280

2,280

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

5.65

5.57

5.50

5.40

5.30

5.25

5.20

5.15

5.05

4.96

4.88

4.80

3,070

3,070

2,930

2,790

2,650

2,510

2,510

2,510

2,250

2,250

2,120

1,990

March 19

9.50

9.20

8.90

8.65

8.45

8.25

8.00

7.80

7.60

7.45

7.30

7.10

11,400

10,400

9.400

8,500

7,900

7,350

6,850

6,350

5,850

5,450

5,250

4,850

March 25

5.35

5.28

5.20

5.16

5.10

5.10

5.07

5.03

5.00

4.97

4.94

4.90

2,280

2,160

2,040

2,040

1,930

1,930

1,93.0

1,820

1,820

1,820

1,710

1,710

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 1 a.m., 15.88 ft., 51,700 sec.-ft.
OHIO RIVER BASH! 179

Loyalhanna Creek at Hew Alexandria, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°25'40n , long. 79°25'55n , at highway bridge at New Alexandria, Westmoreland County, 1 3/4 miles below mouth of Crabtree Creek. Zero of gage is 917.26 

feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 265 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Graoh based on two or more readings daily. Gage heights used to 

half tenths between 3^0 and 4.0 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-14. Defined to 3,000 second-feet by 

current-meter measurements; extended to crest discharge using slope-area determination of flood flow.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 31,000 second-feet 3 a.m. Kar. 18 (gage height, 20.96 feet, 

from levels to flood marks).

1913-23, 1925-35: Discharge, 17,900 second-feet Aug. 3, 1935 (gage height, 

16.0 feet, from graph based on gage readings).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

280

270

270

370

310

270

240

220

210

200

Mar.

1,000

759

818

730

938

730

616

514

500

655

Apr.

588

533

480

380

434

3,150

1,380

1,130

908

1,270

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

190

200

220

290

404

588

560

454

404

356

Mar.

894

1,570

1,220

968

981

1,550

13,500

20,000

4,660

2,540

Apr.

1,200

1,060

938

730

644

506

429

380

356

338

Day

21

22

23

24

25

2fi

27

28

29

30

31

Xun-of f , in inches ............................................

Feb.

288

246

222

267

3,510

5,720

4,110

2,260

1,340

3.41

Kar.

2,060

1,730

1,800

1,600

1,440

1,130

1,810

1,230

1,000

830

701

9.89

Apr.

310

315

315

297

254

222

206

214

191

191

2.71

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

§

3

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

3.32

3.29

3.27

3.25

3.24

3.25

3.25

3.26

3.26

3.25

3.25

3.24

533

533

506

506

506

506

506

506

506

506

506

506

March 14

4.26

4.20

4.14

4.05

4.00

3.98

3.96

3.94

3.94

3.95

3.96

3.97

1,130

1,060

1,000

938

938

938

908

908

908

908

908

908

March 20

6.95

6.70

6.37

6.04

5.94

5.88

5.84

5.80

5.76

5.72

5.68

5,64

3,310

3,040

2,770

2,420

2,340

2,340

2,260

2,260

2,260

2,180

2,180

2,100

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.24

3.23

3.23

3.22

3.22

3.21

3.20

3.18

3.19

3.22

3.30

3.40

506

506

506

480

480

480

480

480

480

480

533

588

March 15

4.00

4.05

4.10

4.15

4.19

4.20

4.19

4.14

4.06

4.00

3.94

3.90

938

938

1,000

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,000

1,000

938

908

878

March 21

5.63

5.62

5.60

5.58

5.58

5.57

5.55

5.53

5.51

5.49

5.47

5.45

2,100

2,100

2,100

2,100

2,100

2,100

2,100

2,020

2,020

2,020

2,020

1,940

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

3.46

3.52

3.56

3.57

3.57

3.57

3.56

3.54

3.52

3.52

3.54

3.56

616

644

672

672

672

672

672

672

644

644

672

672

March 16

3.90

3.95

4.01

4.07

4.15

4.25

4.50

4.75

5.13

5.80

6.60

7.40

878

908

938

1,000

1,060

1,060

1,270

1,480

1,700

2,260

2,950

3,710

March 22

5.38

5.31

5.24

5.17

5.11

5.07

5.03

5.00

4.97

4.98

5.02

5.10

1,940

1,860

1,780

1,780

1,700

1,700

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,700

Peet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.58

3.62

3.66

3.70

3.75

3.82

3.89

3.96

4.08

4.22

4.40

4.70

701

701

730

759

788

818

878

908

1,000

1,060

1,200

1,410

March 17

8.40

9.40

10.18

10.89

11.70

12.50

13.40

14.60

16.00

18.00

20.00

20.50

4,770

5,980

7,050

8,060

9,300

10,600

12,300

14,800

17,900

22,800

28,100

29,600

March 23

5.20

5.30

5.40

5.42

5.42

5.38

5.30

5.22

5.16

5.10

5.04

5.02

1,780

1/860

1,940

1,940

1,940

1,940

1,860

1,780

1,780

1,700

1,620

1,620

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

4.90

5.00

5.03

5.07

5.06

5.02

4.98

4.95

4.91

4.86

4.80

4.73

1,550

1,620

1,620

1,700

1,700

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,550

1,550

1,480

1,410

March 18

20.85

20.92

20.80

20.40

19.40

17.80

15.90

13.60

11.50

10.80

10.30

9.90

30,400

30,700

30,400

29,300

26,500

22,300

17,700

12,700

8,980

7,910

7,190

6,630

March 24

5.02

5.01

5.01

5.00

4.99

4.98

4.96

4.95

4.94

4.93

4.92

4.91

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,550

1,550

1,550

1,550

Feet Sec . ft .

March 13

4.65

4.57

4.45

4.42

4.41

4.40

4.38

4.36

4.35

4.34

4.33

4.31

1,340

1,340

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,200

1,130

1,130

1,130

March 19

9.50

9.10

8.80

8.49

8.30

8.10

7.90

7.70

7.61

7.43

7.30

7.20

6,110

5,600

5,240

4,880

4,660

4,440

4,220

4,010

3,910

3,710

3,610

3,510

March 25

'4.87

4.83

4.79

4.75

4.74

4.73

4.72

4.71

4.70

4.69

4.68

4.62

1,550

1,480

1,480

1,480

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,340

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 3 a.m., 20.96 ft., 31,000 sec.-ft.
180 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Tygart River near Dailey, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°48'35n , long. 79 O 52'55", at highway bridge 1 mile northeast of

Dailey, Randolph County, 1,000 feet above Stalnaker Run. 

Drainage area.- 194 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Two gage readings daily. Peak stage from flood narks. Gage

height at indicated time Kar. 14-31 from graph based on gage readings, flood marks,

and shape of graph at station on Tygart River at Fetterman. jage heights given to

half tenths between 2.00 and 3.00 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these

limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-4. 11-13. Defined by current-meter

measurements below 4,400 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area

method. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 7,680 second-feet about 6 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 14jl

feet, from gage reading and flood marks).

1915-35: Discharge, 10,300 second-feet Feb. 4, 1932 (gage height, 17.2 feet,

from flood marks). 

Remarks.- Discharge Feb. 1-4, 11-13 determined by comparison with records for other

streams in the basin.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

180

160

150

500

930

610

430

275

250

185

Mar.

350

275

250

225

201

197

179

154

146

142

Apr.

320

320

380

365

448

3,120

2,140

1,010

770

1,330

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

180

170

160

1,800

3,460

1,380

1,100

1,640

850

570

Mar.

162

213

201

133

434

546

4,640

3,710

1,100

727

Apr.

1,100

850

690

535

412

350

275

238

201

162

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

430

290

213

213

365

1,140

1,230

730

465

692

3.85

Mar.

743

721

1,470

4,660

4,800

2,090

1,460

I', 560

946

593

461

6.43

Apr.

142

146

127

114

104

110

107

98

88

86

3.09

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

1ow

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

8

10

M

2

4

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

X

Feet Sec . ft .

March 14

_

1.91

-

1.88

-

1.89

-

1.95

2.05

_

2.25

_

181

-

175

_

177

190

213

_

262

March 20

_

3.8

3.6

_

3.5

_

3.5

_

3.4

_

3.5

_

810

730

_

690

_

690

_

650

_

690

March 26

__

7^9

7.2

_

6.3

_

5.5

_

5.0

4.8

_

3,000

2,550

_

2,020

_

1,580

_

1,330

1,230

Feet Sec.ft.

March 15

_

2.65

-

2.7

_

2.85

_

2.95

3.0

_

3.1

_

350

_

395

_

448

_

482

510

_

535

March 21

_

3.6

3.7

_

3.7

_

3.7

_

3.6

_

3.6

_

730

770

_

770

_

770

_

730

_

730

March 27

_

4.9

5.0

_

5.2

_

5.4

_

5.7

5.8

_

1,280

1,330

_

1,430

_

1,530

_

1,700

_

1,750

Feet Sec . ft .

March 16

_

3.1

_

3.1

_

3.0

_

2.95

3.2

_

3.8

_

535

-

535

_

500

_

482

570

_

810

March 22

_

3.5

3.4

_

3.4

_

3.5

3.8

_

4.4

_

690

650

_

650

_

690

_

810

_

1,050

March 28

_

5.8

5.6

5.5

_

5.2

_

5.0

_

4.8

_

1,750

1,640

_

1,580

_

1,430

_

1,330

_

1,230

Feet Sec.ft.

March 17

_

5.1

_

7.2

_

10.7

_

13.8

14.0

_

13.1

_

1,380

_

2,550

_

4,980

_

7,440

7,600

_

6,860

March 23

_

4.8

5.0

_

5.1

5.2

5.7

7.1

_

1,230

1,330

_

1,380

_

1,430

_

1,700

_

2,490

March 29

_

4.5

4.3

4.1

_

3.9

_

3.7

_

3.6

_

1,140

1,010

_

930

_

850

_

770

_

730

Feet Sec.ft.

March 18

_

11.8

_

10.4

_

8.9

_

7.4

6.2

_

5.4

_

5,820

_

4,760

_

3,670

_

2,670

1,970

_

1,530

March 24

_

8.6

9.7

10.5

11.2

_

12.0

_

12.0

_

3,460

4,240

4,830

_

5,360

_

5,980

_

5,980

March 30

_

3.4

3.3

_

3.2

_

3.1

_

3.0

_

3.0

_

650

610

_

570

_

535

_

500

_

500

Feet Sec.ft.

March 19

_

5.0

_

4.6

_

4.4

_

4.3

4.1

4.0

_

1,330

_

1,140

_

1,050

_

1,010

930

_

890

March 19

_

11.9

11.6

10.7

9.6

8.9

_

8.3

_

5,900

5,670

4,980

_

4,170

_

3,670

_

3,260

March 31

_

2.95

2.9

_

2.85

_

2.85

_

2.85

_

2.85

_

482

465

_

448

_

448

_

448

_

448

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, about 6 p.m., 14.1 ft., 7,680 sec.-ft.
OHIO RIVER BASIN 181

Tygart River at Eellngton, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39°!'30", long. 79°56'10", at highway bridge in Belington, Barbour 

County, a quarter of a mile atove Mill Creek." Zero of gage is 1,679.89 feet above 

mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 390 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Two gage readings daily. Peak stages determined from flood marks. 

Gage height at indicated time Mar. 14-31 determined from graph based on gage readings, flood marks, and shape of graph at station on Tygart River at Fetterman. Sage 

heights given to tenths.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-3. Defined by current-meter measurements below 9,500 second-feet; extended to peak stage by averaging discharges obtained from extensions by logarithmic and A \/5 methods; verified by slope-area computation.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 15,000 second-feet 9 p.m. Mar. 24 (gage height, 17.22 feet, 

from flood marks).

1907-35: Discharge, 22,400 second-feet (revised) Mar. 13, 1917 (gage height, 

21.48 feet).

VIean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

360

350

350

1,470

2,390

1,950

1,040

710

602

525

Mar.

875

710

628

525

453

430

408

364

323

300

Apr.

875

930

1,280

1,160

1,160

6,020

7,450

2,870

1,810

2,550

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

344

344

397

4,070

6,480

5,910

2,950

3,530

2,390

1,400

Mar.

300

386

525

476

730

1,140

7,600

12,400

4,500

1,960

Apr.

2,470

2,240

1,670

1,280

985

875

682

576

500

430

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

985

820

453

576

765

2,630

2,550

1,810

1,160

1,700

4.70

Mar.

1,710

1,690

2,860

9,680

14,200

8,900

4,010

3,670

2,450

1,580

1,120

2,804

8.29

Apr.

364

364

307

277 247'

250

386

364

323

296

3.90

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

£«

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

8

10

M

Feet Sec . ft .

March 14

-

3.9

-

3.9

-

3.9

-

3.8

-

3.8

-

3.9

_

500

-

500

-

500

-

453

-

453

-

500

March 20

_

6.6

_

6.4

_

6.2

_

5.1

_

6.0

_

6,0

_

2,160

_

2,020

_

1,880

_

1,810

_

1,740

_

1,740

March 26

_

14.9

_

14.1

_

13.1

_

12.1

10.9

9.8

_

11,500

_

10,300

_

8,920

_

7,580

6,130

-

4,930

Feet Sec.ft.

March 15

_

4.0

-

4.1

-

4.3

-

4.5

_

4.7

-

4.8

_

550

-

602

-

710

-

820

_

930

-

985

March 21

_

6.0

_

6.0

_

6.0

_

6.0

.

6.0

_

6.0

_

1,740

_

1,740

_

1,740

_

1,740

_

1,740

_

1,740

March 27

_

8.9

_

8.6

_

8.6

-

8.7

8.8

_

8.8

_

4,050

_

3,780

_

3,780

-

3,870

3,960

-

3,960

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

_

4.9

_

5.0

_

5.0

_

4.9

_

5.1

_

5.6

_

1,040

_

1,100

_

1,100

_

1,040

_

1,160

_

1,470

March 22

_

6.0

_

6.0

_

5.8

_

5.8

_

6.0

6.2

_

1,740

_

1,740

_

1,600

_

1,600

_

1,740

_

1,880

March 28

_

8.8

_

8.8

_

8.6

_

8.3

8.1

_

7.8

_

3,960

_

3,960

_

3,780

_

3,530

3,350

3,110

Feet Sec.ft.

March 17

_

6.8

_

8.7

_

11.0

_

14.3

_

16.6

_

16.5

_

2,320

_

3,870

_

6,240

_

10,600

_

14,100

_

13,900

March 23

_

6.8

_

7.2

_

7.4

_

7.7

_

8.1

_

8.6

_

2,320

_

2,630

_

2,790

_

3,030

_

3,360

_

3,780

March 29

_

7.5

_

7.2

_

6.9

_

6.7

6.5

-

6.2

_

2,870

_

2,630

_

2,390

-

2,240

2,090

_

1,880

Feet Sec.ft.

March 18

_

16.2

_

15.8

_

15.7

_

15.7

_

14.8

_

13.4

_

13,400

_

12,800

_

12,700

_

12,700

_

11,400

_

9,340

March 24

_

9.5

11.2

_

13.5

_

15.9

_

17.2

_

17.2

_

4,630

_

6,480

_

9,480

_

13,000

_

15,000

_

15,000

March 30

_

6.0

_

5.8

-

5.6

_

5.5

5.4

_

5.2

_

1,740

-

1,600

-

1,470

_

1,400

1,340

1,220

Peet Sec.ft.

March 19

_

11.1

_

9.4

_

8.3

_

7.5

_

7.1

_

6.9

_

6,360

_

4,530

_

3,530

_

2,870

_

2,550

_

2,390

March 25

_

17.2

_

17.2

_

17.0

_

16.8

_

16.2

_

15.6

_

15,000

_

15,000

_

14,700

_

14,400

_

13,400

_

12, 600

March 31

_

5.2

-

5.0

_

5.0

_

4.9

4.8

-

4.8

_

1,220

1,100

-

1,100

1,040

985

-

985

Supplemental records.- Mar. 24, 9 p.m., 17.22 ft., 15,000 s^.-ft.
182 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AHD UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Tygart River at Petterman, W. Va,

Location.- Lat. 39°21'0", long. 80°2'30", at highway bridge at Pet'terman, Taylor 

County, three-quarters of a mile above Otter Creek. Zero of gage is 957.86 fest 

above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 1,340 square miles.

Page-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. No record 8 a.m. Feb, 19 to 12:30

p.m. Feb. 20.Sage heights used to half tenths between 5.5 and 6.5 feet; hundredths 

below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-<M.scharge relation.- Affected by ice Peb. 1-3. Defined by current-meter measurements below 36,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by averaging discharges obtained from extensions by logarithmic, A \/3, velocity-area, and slope-area methods.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 54,700 second-feet midnight Mar. 24 (gage height, 24.85

1907-35: Discharge, about 74,300 second-feet (revised) July 25, 1912 (gage 

height, 29.1 feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

950

870

800

2,180

12,900

12,000

7,900

5,580

4,080

3,190

Mar.

2,840

2,360

2,440

2,21C

1,880

1,620

1,460

1,290

1,170

1,130

Apr.

2,750

2,750

3,370

3,460

3,190

16,700

22,100

12,200

6,290

5,760

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Peb.

2,100

1,440

1,560

12,100

22, 800

20, 000

11,200

10, 800

9,210

5,580

Mar.

1,060

1,250

1,740

1,900

1,840

2,470

22,900

32,400

'17,800

7,600

Apr.

6,650

6,820

5,760

4,520

3,460

2,930

2,360

1,910

1,620

1,400

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Peb.

4,080

3,280

2,360

2,100

3,110

7,000

7,360

5,760

3,990

6,423

5.17

Mar.

7,690

7,740

10, 600

31,500

43,800

27,100

14, 000

10,700

7,790

5,100

3,560

8,998

7.74

Apr.

1,220

1,260

1,170

1,030

910

866

922

1,080

1,010

922

4,213

3.50

Qage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

g

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet

Mar

5.14

5.15

5.14

5.14

.5.13

5.12

5.11

5.09

5.08

5.08

6.08

5.08

Sec.ft.

oh 14.

1,950

1,960

1,950

1,950

1,930

1,910

1,900

1,860

1,850

1,850

1,850

1,856

March 20

9.35

9.05

8.77

8.53

8.33

8.14

8.00

7.87

7.73

7.65

7.63

7.64

9,590

8,830

8,450

7,900

7,540

7,180

7,000

6,820

6,470

6,290

6,290

6,290

March 26

19.40

19.05

18.65

18.15

17.60

17.00

16.40

15.80

15.25

14.65

14.10

IS. 55

34, 500

33,200

32, 000

30,800

29, 000

27, 300

25, 600

23, 900

22,300

20, 800

19, 500

18,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 15

5.07

5.07

5.06

5.06

5.05

5.06

5.06

5.06

5.07

5.08

5.10

51. 13

1,830

1,830

1,820

1,820

1,800

1,820

1,820

1,820

1,830

1,850

1,880

1,930

March 21

7.80

8.02

8.27

8.50

8.60

8.63

8.65

8.65

8.65

8.64

8.63

8.58

6,650

7,000

7,540

7,900

8,080

8,080

8,080

8,080

8,080

8,080

8,080

8,080

March 27

13.10

12.60

12.15

11.75

11.47

11.20

11.00

10.85

10.68

10.55

10.48

10.40

17, 300

16, 200

15,300

14, 400

13,800

13,200

12,800

12,400

12, 200

12,000

11, 800

11,600

Feet Sec. ft.

March 16

5.18

5.23

5.28

5.BS

5.37

5.43

5.48

5.53

5.58

5.65

5.72

5.80

2,020

2,100

2,190

2,280

2,350

2,450

2,540

S,660

2,750

2,840

2,930

3,110

March £2

8.53

8.48

8.38

8.30

8.20

8.13

8.08

8.12

8.25

8.50

8.77

8.97

7,900

7,900

7,720

7,540

7,360

7,180

7,180

7,180

7,360

7,900

8,450

8,830

March 28

10.35

10.33

10.25

10.18

10.08

9.92

9.88

9.86

9.77

9.65

9.52

9.37

11,600

11,400

11,200

11,200

11,000

10,600

10,600

10,600

10,400

9,970

9,780

9,590

Feet Sec.ft.

March 17

5.90

6.18

7.25

9.70

13.60

16.40

18.40

19.70

20.50

21.10

21.33

21.17

3,280

3,810

"5, 580

10,200

18, 400

25, 600

31,400

35, 500

38, 200

40,400

41,100

40,700

March 23

9.08

9 .12

9.12

9.12

9.12

9.18

9.32

9.65

10.20

11.00

12.00

12.85

9,020

9,020

9,020

9,020

9,020

9,210

9,400

9,970

11,200

12,800

14,800

16,600

March 29

9.22

9.07

8.88

8.73

8.58

8.43

8.28

8.13

7.95

7.82

7.62

7.52

9,210

9,020

8,640

8,260

8,080

7,720

7,540

7,180

7,000

6,650

6,290

S.120

Peet Sec . ft .

March 18

20.75

20.25

19.70

19.20

18.70

18.30

18.05

17.82

17.63

17.43

17.15

16.75

39,300

37,200

35,500

33,900

32,300

31,100

30,200

29,600

29,000

28,400

27,900

26,700

March 24

13.45

13.95

14.35

14.80

15.25

16.00

17.60

19.80

22.00

23*60

24.55

24.85

Mar,

7.40

7.30

7.20

7.10

7.00

6.90

6.80

6.72

6.68

6.60

6.50

'6.37

17,900

19,300

20,300

21,300

22,300

24,500

29, 000

35,800

43,700

49,900

53,900

54,700

sh 30

5,940

5,760

5,580

5,410

5,230

5,050

4,880

4,700

4,700

4,520

-4 f 540 4»H°

Peet Sec.ft.

March 19

16.35

15.80

15.25

14.60

13.95

13.20

12.45

11.65

11.05

10.53

10.08

9.67

25,600

23,900

22,300

20,800

19,300

17,500

15,700

14,000

12,800

11,800

11,000

10,200

March 25

24.58

24.00

23.35

22.75

22.40

21.75

21.15

20.70

20.30

20.05

19.85

19.60

53,900

51,500

49,100

46,700

45,200

43,000

40,700

39,000

37, 600

36, 500

35,800

35,200

March 31

6.30

6.27

6.22

6.15

6.10

6.05

6.00

5.95

5.91

5.86

5.83

5.78

3,990

3,900

3,810

3,730

3,640

3,550

3,460

3,370

3,280

3,190

3,190

3,110
OHIO RIVER BASIN 183

Monongahela River at Morgantown, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39°37'50n , long. 79°57'35n , at highway bridge in Morgantown, Monongahela County. Zero of gage is 789.05 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 2,670 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. No record Feb. 1-14, 19-25. Gage 

heights used to half tenths between 7.0 and 8.5 feet; hundredths below and tenths 

above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 45,000 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area method.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 77,100 second-feet 6 a.m. Mar. 25 (gage height, 23.88 feet),

1928-35: Discharge, 61,600 second-feet Feb. 5, 1932 (gage height, 20.55 

feet).

Remarks.- Discharge Feb. 1-14, 19-25 determined by comparison with flow of Tygart and 

West Fork Rivers.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1,800

1,650

1,700

4,500

25,000

20,000

14,000

10,000

7,000

5,500

liar.

5,390

4,390

5,720

5,720

4,510

3,560

2,890

2,370

2,090

1,900

Apr.

5,390

5,070

6,040

6,380

5,720

23,800

41,500

26,500

11, 800

10,000

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

3,800

2,500

4,000

20,000

47,500

40,100

22,000

15,400

14,000

11,000

Mar.

1,880

2,160

2,920

3,650

3,380

4,450

42,000

60,900

32,900

16,000

Apr.

10,700

10,700

10,000

7,900

6,210

5,070

4,360

3,590

3,000

2,560

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

"""n-of f , in inches ............................................

Feb.

7,500

5,500

4,000

3,500

9,000

13, 800

15,000

10,700

7,390

12, 170

4.92

Mar.

19,700

20,400

26,100

45, 500

68, 400

42, 100

23,200

17,300

13,200

9,270

6,870

h 16, 150

6.98

Apr.

2,370

2,320

2,370

2,190

2,010

1,800

1,850

1,850

1,900

1,720

7,556

3.16

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

|

£

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

11

2

4

6

8

10

#

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet Sec.ft.

March 14

6.82

6.84

6.85

6.85

6.85

6.86

6.85

6.85

6.84

6.84

6.83

6.81

3,620

3,680

3,710

3,710

3,710

3,740

3,710

3,710

3,680

3,680

3,650

3,590

March 20

11.10

10.80

10.57

10.35

10.18

10.06

9.92

9.82

9.73

9.68

9.67

9.78

19, gOO

18,"000

17,300

16,500

15,800

15,400

14,600

14,300

13,900

13,900

13,900

14,300

March 26

18.65

18.20

17.80

17.40

16.95

16.48

16.00

15.50

15.00

14.55

14.10

13.67

52^200

50,300

48,500

46,600

44,700

42,400

40,100

37,800

35,500

33,700

31,500

29,800

Feet Sec.ft.

March 15

6.79

6.78

6.76

6.76

6.72

6.71

6.71

6.71

6.71

6.71

6.70

6.70

3,540

3,510

3,450

3,450

3,340

3,310

3,310

3,310

3,310

3,310

3,280

3,280

March 21

10.06

10.35

10.64

11.00

11.28

11.50

11.70

11.83

11.88

11.87

11.84

11.77

15,400

16,500

17,300

18,800

20,000

20,800

21,600

22,000

22,400

22,400

22,000

22,000

March 27

13.32

12.97

12.67

12.37

12.10

11.85

11.67

11.48

11.36

11.25

11.17

11.07

28,200

26,900

25,600

24,400

23,200

22,000

21,600

20,800

20,400

19,600

19,600

19J200

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

6.70

6.70

6.70

6.72

6.90

7.10

7.15

7.20

7.32

7.48

7.67

8.10

3,280

3,280

3,280

3,340

3,860

4,450

4,600

4,760

5,070

5,720

6,210

7,730

Mareh 22

11.68

11.62

11.52

11.43

11.32

11.20

11.15

11.10

11.11

11.22

11.44

11.80

21,600

21,200

20,800

20,400

20,000

19,600

19,600

19,200

19,200

16,600

20,400

22,000

March 28

10.97

10.88

10.80

10.73

10.67

10.58

10.51

10.47

10.33

10.27

10.20

10.13

18,800

18,400

18,000

17,700

17,700

17,300

16,900

16,900

16,100

16 , 100

15,800

15,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 17

8.55

9.50

11.30

13.15

15.30

17.00

18.50

20.00

21.10

22.05

22.65

23.00

9^300

12,800

19,600

26,900

36,400

44,700

51,800

58,800

64,000

68, 200

71,000

72,900

March 23

12.18

12.50

12.75

12.88

12.89

12.85

12.78

12.78

12.88

13.07

13.28

13.63

23,000

24,800

26,100

26,500

26,900

26,100

26,100

26,100

26,500

27,300

28,200

29,400

March 29

10.00

9.88

9.78

9.70

9.59

9.48

9.38

9.27

9.18

9.08

8.98

8.89

15,000

14,600

14,300

13,900

13,600

13,200

12,800

12,500

12,100

11,800

11,400

11,100

Feet Sec.ft.

March 18

23.10

22.92

22.50

21.90

21.10

2d.30

19.65

19.15

18.67

18.20

17.75

17.35

73,400

72, 400

70,600

67,700

64,000

60yEOO

56,900

55,000

52,700

50,300

48,5PP

46, 600

March 24

14.18

14.76

15.28

15.69

16.05

16.58

17.30

18.00

18.70

19.55

20.85

22.10

32,000

34,600

36,900

38,700

40,100

42,900

46,100

49,400

52,700

56,900

62,600

68,700

March 30

8.80

8.70

8.62

8.53

8.44

8.35

8.28

8.22

8.15

8.08

8.03

7.96

10,700

10,400

10,000

9,650

9,480

9,120

8,950

8,600

8,420

8,250

8,080

Feet Sec.ft.

March 1?

16.90

16.42

15.92

15.40

14.85

14.32

13.82

13.27

12.75

12.30

11.85

11.45

44,200

41,900

39,600

37,300

34, 600

32,400

30,300

28.200

26, 100

24,000

22,000

20, 400

March 25

23.15

23.75

23.88

23.70

23.25

22.65

22.00

21.40

20.80

20.20

19.60

19.10

73,800

76,700

77,100

76,200

73,800

71,000

68,200

65,400

62,600

59,700

56,900

54,600

March 31

7.92

8,01

7.8$

7.82'

7.75

7.68

7.62

7.57

7.54

7.51

7.47

7,730 7.42

7,560

7,900

- 7,560

i&7,220 ^*7,050

6,880

6,540

6,380

6,380

6,210

6,040

5,880

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 1:30 a.m., 23.11 ft., 73,400 sec.-ft.
184 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Monongahela River at Charleroi, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°8> 30", long. 79°53'35n , 1,100 feet upstream from dam at Look 4, at 

 Charleroi, Washington County, half a mile below mouth of Maple Creek. Zero of gage

is 735.33 feet (revised) above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 5,213 square miles. 

Page-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. Gage heights used to half tenths between 4.0 and 6.0 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined to 130,000 second-feet by current-meter measurements;

logarithmic extension to crest discharge. Affected by ice Feb. 1-3. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 138,000 second-feet 11 a.m. to noon Mar. 18 (gage height,

22.47 feet).

1886-1936: Discharge, 156,000 second-feet (revised) July 11, 1888 (gage height,

42.0 feet, on lower gage at old lock downstream,which would correspond to about 26.1

feet on present gage),

1873-1936: Maximum known discharge and stage, that of July 11, 1888.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1,400

1,350

1,350

6,550

10, 500

20,900

16,600

9,750

6,300

6,550

Mar.

15,800

13,200

15,400

13,800

13,100

11,800

10,200

7,130

4,740

6,940

Apr.

12,000

13,000

12, 500

13,400

10,100

34,800

85,300

48,900

26,200

22,400

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

5,600

4,840

5,340

12,100

44, 600

69, 400

43,700

30,600

28,000

20,000

Mar.

7,940

9,510

11,300

11,700

9,480

11,600

64,100

132,000

88,800

39,400

Apr.

22,400

20,900

19,500

16,700

13,400

12,300

9,940

7,220

5,870

5,200

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

15,900

11,100

7,970

6,590

15,500

54,600

55,900

37,600

22,800

4.09

Mar.

41,900

39,500

45,700

63.400

117,000

99,100

56,800

44,700

31,900

22,200

15,800

M *71 A

7.68

Apr.

5,420

5,280

4,840

4,340

4,240

2,980

3,460

3,750

4,770

4,180

15,170 

3.25

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

.

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec . ft .

March 8

4.95

5.00

4.95

4.77

4.62

4.45

4.27

4.15

4.05

3.97

3.90

3.85

9,700

10,000

9,700

8,550

7,800

7,050

6,050

5,600

5,200

4,880

4,610

4,420

March 14

5.53

5.55

5.48

5.30

5.08

4.94

4.95

5.03

5.15

5.25

5.38

5.50

13,300

13,300

13,000

11,800

10,600

9,700

9,700

10,300

10,900

11,500

12,400

13,000

March 20

9.85

9.60

9.30

9.00

8.80

8.65

8.50

8.35

8.20

8.15

8.11

8.12

48,900

46,900

43,900

40,900

38,900

36,900

36,000

35,100

33,300

33,300

32,400

32,400

Feet Sec. ft.

March 9

3.83

3.80

3.75

3.72

3.70

3.70

3.75

3.95

4.05

4.18

4.30

4.42

4,340

4,230

4,040

3,930

3,860

3,860

4,040

4,800

5,200

5,800

6,300

6,800

March 15

5.54

5.55

5.44

5.23

5.03

4.80

4.63

4.48

4.35

4.26

4.21

4.33

13,300

13,300

12,700

11,500

10,300

8,800

8,050

7,300

6,550

6,050

5,800

6,550

March 21

8.18

8.37

8.60

8.87

9.10

9.35

9.50

9.60

9.64

9.65

9.62

9.60

33,300

35,100

36,900

39,900

41,900

44,900

45,900

46,900

46,900

46,900

46,900

46,900

Feet Sec. ft.

March 10

4.50

4.52

4.48

4.39

4.27

4.17

4.20

4.30

4.42

4.60

4.67

4.72

7,300

7,900

7,300

6,800

6,050

5,600

5,800

6,300

6,800

7,800

8,050

8,300

March 16

4.55

4.70

4.72

4.74

4.77

4.78

4.95

5.27

5.65

6.15

6.55

6.84

7,550

8,300

8,300

8,550

8,550

8,800

9,700

11,500

13,900

17,400

20,200

21,600

March 22

9.50

9.40

9.20

8.98

8.70

8.50

8.34

8.27

8.37

8.55

8.72

8.90

45,900

44,900

42,900

40,900

37,900

36,000

34,200

34,200

35,100

36,900

37,900

39,900

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

4.78

4.75

4.72

4.62

4.48

4.35

4.40

4.50

4.55

4.66

4.77

4.90

8,800

8,550

8,300

7,800

7,300

6,550

6,800

7,300

7,550

8,050

8,550

9,400

March 17

7.00

7.10

7.25

7.90

9.15

10.60

12.15

14.00

15.90

17.15

18.27

19.40

23,200

24,000

24,800

30,600

42,900

56,900

72,900

88,OOP

101,000

109,000

116,000

122,000

March 23

9.10

9.20

9.32

9.37

9.46

9.52

9.63

9.67

9.73

9.75

9.73

9.77

41,900

42,900

43,900

44,900

45,900

45,900

46,900

47,900

47,900

48,900

47,900

48,900

Feet Sec . ft .

March 12

5.00

5.00

4.94

4.82

4.67

4.60

4.65

4.80

4.94

5.08

5.20

5.27

10,000

10,000

9,700

8,800

8,050

7,800

8,050

8,800

9,700

10,600

11,200

11,500

March 18

20.35

21.10

21.70

22.17

22.45

22.47

22.30

22.00

21.40

20.75

20.00

19.23

128,000

132,000

134,000

137,000

138,000

138,000

137,000

136,000

133,000

130,000

126,000

121,000

March 24

9.87

9.97

10.08

10.20

10.37

10.57

10.83

11.20

11.90

12.85

14.17

15.35

49,900

50,900

51,900

52,900

54,900

56,900

59,000

63,300

70,200

78,300

89,400

97,800

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

5.37

5.45

5.43

5.25

5.05

4.91

4.90

5.00

5.10

5.25

5.40

5.47

12,100

12,700

12,700

11,500

10,300

9,400

9,400

10,000

10,600

11,500

12,400

12,700

March 19

18.40

17.60

16.75

16.00

15.25

14.50

13.70

12.80

12.00

11.25

10.65

10.20

116,000

112,000

107,000

102,000

96,400

91,500

85,600

78,300

71,100

63,300

56,900

52,900

March 25

16.35

17.25

18.10

18.80

19.27

19.60

19.75

19.70

19.60

19.15

18.70

18.20

104,000

109,000

115,000

119,000

122,000

124,000

125,000

124,000

124,000

121,000

118,000

115,000

Supplemental records.- Mar. 18, 11 a.m. to noon, 22.47 ft., 138,000 sec.-ft.
OHIO RIVER BASIN 18 

Buckhanncn River at Hall, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39°3 I 15B , long. 80O6 I 40", a quarter of a mile above highway bridge at 

Hall,Barbour County, and 1 mile above Pecks Run.

Drainage area.- 277 square miles.

Bage-helght record.- Two gage readings daily and extra readings during high water of 

Mar. 17 and 24. Sage height at indicated time Mar. 14-31 from graph based on gage 

readings and shape of graph at station on Tygart River at Petterman. Sage heights 

given to half tenths between 3.50 and 4.00 feet; hundredths below and tenths above 

these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 7,150 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area method.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 9,690 second-feet 1 p.m. Mar. 25 (gage height, 12.40 feet).

1915-35: Discharge, 12,200 second-feet Mar. 14, 1918 Tgage height, 14.7 

feet).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

199

188

159

853

4,760

1,350

931

853

806

768

Mar.

56^

508

489

408

343

300

258

232

208

199

Apr.

618

768

1,000

882

797

4,080

5,150

2,290

1,350

1,350

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

684

554

426

1,940

4,370

4,270

1,940

2,120

1,650

1,150

Mar.

188

228

471

408

441

612

4,850

6,460

3,020

1,460

Apr.

1,400

1,450

1,250

950

750

628

462

359

300

252

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

834

684

572

591

600

872

1,050

1,050

712

1,274

4.96

Mar.

1,980

1,670

2,350

6,630

9,280

5,680

2,570

2,070

1,550

1,060

804

1,848

7.69

Apr.

228

223

213

173

153

147

188

180

162

153

930

3.75

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

£

S

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Peet Sec.ft.

March 14

_

2.92

-

2.92

2.92

-

2.92

_

2.92

_

8.92

_

408

_

408

408

_

408

_

408

_

408

March 20

_

4.2

_

4.0

_

3.9

_

3.85

_

3.9

_

4.0

_

1,650

-

1,450

-

1,350

_

1,300

_

1,350

_

1,450

March 26

_

10.0

-

9

0 f

-

8.4

-

7.8

-

7.1

_

6.4

_

7,170

-

6,350

-

5,550

_

4,950

-

4,270

_

3.610

Peet Sec.ft.

March 15

_

2.90

_

2.91

_

2.94

_

2.98

_

3.02

_

3.05

_

390

_

399

_

426

_

462

_

498

_

526

March 21

_

4.2

_

4,7

-

5.0

_

4.7

_

4.5

_

4.4

_

1,650

_

2,120

_

2,380

_

2,120

_

1,940

_

1,850

March 27"

_

5.8

-

5.3

-

5.0

-

4.8

-

4.8

-

4.8

_

3,070

-

2,640

-

2,380

_

2,200

-

2,200

_

2,200

Feet Seo.ft.

March 16

_

3.08

_

3.10

_

3.11

_

3.11

_

3.13

_

3.6

554

_

572

_

581

_

581

_

600

_

1,050

March 22

_

4.3

_

4.2

_

4.2

_

4.2

_

4.2

_

4.2

_

1,750

_

1,650

_

1,650

_

1,650

_

1,650

1,650

March 28

_

4.8

_

4.8

_

4.7

_

4.6

_

4.5

_

4.4

_

2,200

_

2,200

-

2,120

-

2,030

-

1,940

_

1,850

Peet Sec.ft.

March 17

»

4.7

_

6.7

_

8.3

_

9.2

_

9.8

_

10.3

^

2,120

_

3,890

.,

5,450

_

6,350

_

6,970

_

7,480

March 23

_

4.3

_

4.5

_

4.8

_

5.2

_

5.7

6.3

_

1,750

-

1,940

2,200

_

2,550

_

2,980

_

3,520

March 29

_

4.3

_

4.2

_

4.0

_

3.95

_

3.85

_

3.8

_

1,750

-

1,650

_

1,450

-

1,400

-

1,300

_

1,250

Peet Sec.ft.

March 18

10.1

_

9.8

_

9.5

_

9.0

_

8.4

_

7.8

7,270

_

6,970

_

6,660

_

6,150

_

5,550

4,950

March 24

_

7.1

_

8.1

_

9.1

_

11.1

_

12.1

_

12.2

_

4,270

_

5,250

_

6,250

_

8,320

_

9,370

_

9,480

March 30

_

3.5

-

3.65

_

3.6

_

3.55

-

3.5

_

3.46

_

1,200

_

1,100

-

1,050

-

1,000

-

950

_

911

Feet Sec.ft.

March 19

_

7.1

6.3

5.5

4.9

_

4.6

4.4

_

4,270

3,520

_

2,810

_

2,290

2,030

1,850

March 25

_

12.2

_

12.3

_

12.4

_

12.3

_

11.6

_

10.8

_

9,480

_

9,580

_

9,690

_

9,580

_

8,840

_

8,000

March 31

_

3.42

_

3.38

_

3.34

_

3.31

-

3.28

_

3.26

_

872

_

834

_

797

_

768

-

740

_

721

Supplemental records.- Mar. 25, 1 p.m., 12.40 ft., 9,690 sec.-ft.
186 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND TIPPER OHIO RIVERS

West Fork River at Butcherville, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39°4'50n , long. 800 28'5", at interurban bridge at Butcherville, Lewis 

County.

Drainage area.- 181 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Two gage readings daily. Peak stages determined from flood narks. 

Gage height at indicated time Mar. 14-31 determined from graph based on gage readings, 

flood marks, and shape of graph at station on West Fork River at Clarksburg. Gage 

heights given to half tenths below 13.00 feet and tenths above.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by ourrent-meter measurements below 5,600 seoondfeet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area method.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 7,360 seoond-feet about 8 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 22.1 

feet, from flood marks).

1915-35: Discharge, 9,800 seoond-feet (revised) Mar. 13, 1918, Jan. 2, 1919 

(gage height, 24.0 feet).

Maximum known stage, about 27 feet in 1888 (discharge, about 12,600 seoondfeet) .

Remarks.- Discharge Feb. 18, 19 determined by comparison with flow at Clarksburg.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

4

5

6

7

Feb.

77

68

72

850

2,200

940

392

295

212

146

Mar.

156

167

325

265

200

167

137

110

119

110

Apr.

178

462

445

340

280

5,610

2,080

520

560

640

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

137

119

119

3,330

4,190

1,380

850

1,100

600

250

Mar.

119

445

375

325

302

436

4,710

3,530

1,130

851

Apr.

720

640

428

310

225

167

137

119

101

90

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , In inches ............................................

Feb.

212

189

146

167

600

560

410

295

212

694

4.13

Mar.

1,780

1,790

3,010

5,230

3,810

1,200

796

666

443

290

221

1,071

6.82

Apr.

85

110

110

90

77

83

77

90

80

72

498

3.07

Gage height, In feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at Indicated time, 1956

|

«

Z

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet Sec.ft.

March 14

_

12.55

-

12.5

-

12.45

_

12.4

_

12.4

_

12.4

_

358

_

340

_

325

_

310

_

310

_

310

March 20

_

14.0

_

13.9

_

13.7

_

13.4

-

13.5

_

14.0

_

940

_

895

_

805

-

680

_

720

_

940

March 26

_

15.4

_

14.9

_

14.2

_

13.7

_

13.6

_

13.5

_

1,660

_

1,380

_

1,030

_

805

-

760

_

720

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 15

_

12.4

_

12.4

_

12.35

_

12.35

_

12.35

_

12.35

_

310

_

310

_

295

_

295

_

295

_

295

March 21

_

15.0

_

16.1

_

16.6

_

16.3

_

15.7

_

15.3

_

1,440

_

2,080

_

2,400

_

2,200

_

1,840

_

1,600

March 27

_

13.5

_

13.5

_

13.6

_

13.7

_

13.9

_

13.9

_

720

_

720

_

760

_

805

_

895

_

895

Feet | Sec. ft.

March 16

_

12.35

_

12.35

-

12.35

_

12.5

_

13.0

_

14.1

_

295

_

295

_

295

_

340

_

520

_

985

Marc-h 22

_

15.0

_

15.0

_

15.3

_

15.6

_

16.1

_

16.8

_

1,440

_

1,440

_

1,600

_

1,780

_

2,080

_

2,540

March 28

_

13.8

_

13.6

_

13.3

_

13.1

_

13.0

_

12.96

_

850

_

760

_

640

_

560

_

520

_

500

Feet Sec . ft .

March 17

_

15.9

_

18.4

_

20.2

_

21.3

_

22.1

_

21.2

_

1,960

_

3,830

_

5,510

_

6,580

_

7,360

_

6,480

March 23

_

17.0

_

17.0

_

17.1

17.5

_

18.0

_

18.4

_

2,690

_

2,690

_

2,770

_

3,090

_

3,490

_

3,830

March 29

_

12.95

_

12.9

_

12.8

_

12.7

_

12.65

_

12.55

_

500

_

480

_

445

_

410

_

392

_

358

Feet Sec . ft .

March 18

_

19.4

_

18.2

-

17.4

_

16.7

_

16.0

_

15.4

_

4,750

_

3,650

_

3,010

_

2,470

_

2,020

_

1,660

March 24

_

18.9

_

19.4

_

20.0

_

20.5

_

21.1

_

21.0

_

4,280

_

4,750

5,320

5,800

_

6,390

_

6,290

March 30

_

12.5

_

12.45

_

12.35

_

12.25

_

12.15

_

12.15

_

340

_

325

_

295

_

265

_

238

_

238

Feet Sec. ft.

March 19

_

14.7

_

14.2

_

14.1

_

14.0

_

14.0

_

14.0

_

1,280

_

1,030

_

985

_

940

_

940

_

940

March 25

_

20.1

_

19.1

17.9

17.2

_

16.5

_

15.9

_

5,420

_

4, 460

3,410

2,850

_

2,330

_

1,960

March 31

_

12.15

_

12.1

_

12.1

_

12.05

_

12.05

_

12.0

_

238

_

225

_

225

_

212

_

212

200
OHIO RIVER BASIH 187

West Pork River at Clarksburg, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39°16'5", long. 80o21'25n , at dam at Clarksburg waterworks, threequarters of a mile south of Clarksburg, Harrison County. 

Drainage area.- 384 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. Gage heights used to half tenths

between 2.0 and 4.4 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 9,000 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by formula for flow over dam. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 12,800 second-feet 2 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 6.58

1923-35: Discharge, 16,300 second-feet May 12, 1924 (gage height, 7.76 

feet) . 

Remarks.- Flood run-off not affected by storage.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

237

219

185

539

3,990

2,080

875

500

424

360

Mar.

403

346

601

664

492

381

307

256

219

208

Apr.

396

583

1,050

692

558

6,590

6,570

1,660

892

1,200

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

313

237

244

2,800

8,610

4,500

1,990

2,210

1,660

844

Mar.

214

353

722

592

503

656

7,270

10,000

2,860

1,630

Apr.

1,120

1,180

886

646

439

432

340

294

244

208

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in inches ............................................

Feb.

637

439

333

403

1,390

1,660

1,170

791

500

1,384

3.88

Mar.

3,170

3,900

5,960

8,910

8,660

2,580

1,380

1,570

1,080

693

495

2,164

6.50

Apr.

185

231

250

214

185

168

168

174

157

135

2.70

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

II

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

II

Feet Sec. ft.

March 14

1.21

1.18

1.17

1.15

1.13

1.11

1.09

1.08

1.07

1.06

1.05

1.03

683

655

646

628

610

592

575

566

558

550

542

525

March 20

2.17

2.13

2.10

2.07

2.04

2.00

1.98

1.95

1.93

1.92

1.92

1.98

1,780

1,780

1,720

1,660

1,660

1,590

1,560

1,520

1,500

1,490

1,490

1,560

March 26

3.50

3.30

3.00

2.75

2.60

2.42

2.26

2.15

2.06

1.96

1.89

1.82

4,320

3,880

3,240

2,830

2,460

2,130

1,920

1,780

1,660

1,540

1,450

1,360

Peet Sec . ft .

March 15

1.02

1.02

1.01

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

.99

.99

.98

517

517

508

500

500

500

500

500

500

492

492

485

March 21

2.10

2.25

2.40

2.62

2.82

3.07

3.25

3.42

3.50

3.53

3.52

3.48

1,720

1,920

2,130

2,460

2,830

3,340

3,770

4,100

4,320

4,440

4,320

4,320

March 27

1.79

1.75

1.68

1.66

1.67

1.69

1.77

1.88

1.95

2.00

2.04

2.06

1,330

1,280

1,200

1,170

1,180

1,210

1,300

1,440

1,520

1,590

1,660

1,660

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

0.98

.98

.98

.97

.97

.98

1.02

1.12

1.25

1.40

1.58

1.82

485

485

485

477

477

485

517

601

722

875

1,080

1,360

March 22

3.44

3.37

3.32

3.24

3.17

3.08

3.02

3.06

3.20

3.35

3.53

3.75

4,210

3,990

3,880

3,770

3,560

3,450

3,240

3,340

3,660

3,990

4,440

4,900

March 28

2.07

2.07

2.06

2.05

2.03

2.01

2.00

1.97

1.93

1.90

1.86

1.82

1,660

1,660

1,660

1,660

1,660

1,590

1,590

1,550

1,500

I r 460

1,410

1,360

Feet Sec.ft.

March 17

2.10

2.60

3.20

3.70

4.30

4.85

5.25

5.70

6.00

6.30

6.45

6.55

1,720

2,460

3,660

4,780

6,280

7,600

8,710

10,100

11,000

11,900

12,200

12,800

March 23

3.98

4.17

4.30

4.37

4.35

4.28

4.18

4.11

4.08

4.10

4.22

4.43

5,510

5,890

6,280

6,410

6,410

6,280

6,020

5,760

5,760

5,760

6,020

6,540

March 29

1.77

1.73

1.69

1.65

1.60

1.57

1.52

1.48

1.47

1.43

1,40

1.37

1,300

1,260

1,210

1,160

1,100

1,070

1,010

963

952

908

875

844

Feet Sec.ft.

March.18

6.58

6.55

6.45

6.30

6.15

5.90

5.65

5.35

5.00

4.60

4.20

3.85

12,800

12,800

12,200

11,900

11,600

10,700

9,840

9,270

8,150

7,060

6,020

5,140

March 24

4.65

4.85

5.00

5.12

5.20

5.30

5.50

5.60

5.68

5.73

5.75

5.76

7,060

7,600

8,150

8,430

8,710

8,990

9,550

9,840

10,100

10,100

10,400

10, 400

March 30

1.34

1.32

1.28

1.26

1.24

1.21

1.18

1.16

1.14

1.13

1.11

1.08

812

791

751

731

712

683

655

637

619

610

592

566

Feet Sec.ft.

March 19

3.53

3.34

3.10

2.88

2.67

2.57

2.50

2.42

2.35

2.28

2.24

2.20

4,440

3,990

3,450

3,030

2,550

2,380

2,290

2,130

2,060

1,990

1,920

1,850

March 25

5.75

5.75

5.74

5.70

5.60

5.45

5.27

5.00

4.75

4.43

4.10

3.78

10,400

10,400

10,100

10,100

9,840

9,270

8,990

8,150

7,600

6,540

5,760

5,020

March 31

1.06

1.04

1.03

1.02

1.00

.99

.97

.96

.95

.94

.93

.92

550

533

525

517

500

492

477

470

462

454

447

439
188 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

West Fork River at Enterprise, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39°25'20 11 , long. 80O 16'40 B , 150 feet below highway bridge at Enterprise, Harrison County, three-quarters of a mile above Bingaman Creek. Zero of

?

age Is 869.91 feet above mean sea level. 

nage area.- 750 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. No record Feb. 1-2, 10-13, 20-22. 

Gage heights used to half tenths between 3.0 and 5.0 feet; hundredths below and 

tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-4, 10-13. Defined by current-meter 

measurements below 19,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area 

method. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 27,200 second-feet 11:15 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 19.88

1907-18, 1932-35: Discharge, 27,500 second-feet (revised) Mar. 12, 1935 

(gage height, 20.00 feet) .

Remarks.- Discharge for periods of missing or Ice-affected record determined by comparison with flow of nearby streams.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

580

540

470

1,420

7,040

4,080

1,900

1,160

1,020

820

Mar.

1,080

960

1,660

1,700

1,300

990

610

672

601

565

Apr.

1,020

1,300

1 5 900

1,500

1,190

12,200

11,600

3,450

2,020

2,500

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

720

540

560

6,390

23,600

12,300

3,970

3,860

3,050

2,300

Mar.

570

755

1,330

1,260

1,050

1,350

16,100

18,900

6,040

3,450

Apr.

2,340

2,340

2,260

1,440

1,120

1,020

900

728

618

535

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

1,600

1,150

810

870

3,520

5,340

3,250

2,100

1,440

4,78

Mar.

6,610

7,720

11,000

16,600

16,300

5,510

3,250

3,240

2,350

1,670

1,300

6.78

Apr.

485

618

628

535

460

440

445

435

386

340

I

QQO

2.81

Page height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

H

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

11

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 14

4.08

4.06

4.02

3.97

3.93

3.88

3.85

3.82

3.78

3.75

3.73

3.70

1,400

1,360

1,330

1,300

1,300

1,260

1,220

1,190

1,190

1,160

1,160

1,120

March. 20

6.85

6.75

6.65

6.57

6.48

6.41

6.35

6.30

6.27

6.25

6,27

6.40

3,750

3,750

3,550

3,550

3,450

3,350

3,350

3,250

3,250

3,150

3,250

3,350

March 26

10.85

10.00

9.40

8.80

8.30

7.85

7.45

7.10

6.80

6.55

6.35

6.17

8,670

7,600

6,820

6,060

5,460

4,860

4,410

4,080

3,750

3,550

3,350

3,150

Feet Sec. ft.

March 15

3.68

3.67

3.67

3.63

3.62

3.58

3.57

3.56

3.55

3.54

3.53

3.53

1,120

1,080

1,080

1,080

1,050

1,050

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,020

March 21

6.78

7.30

7.95

8.80

9.40

9.85

10.20

10.35

10.48

10.55

10.57

10.52

3,750

4,300

5,100

6,060

6,820

7,340

7,860

8,120

8,250

8,390

8,390

8,250

March 27

6.10

6.02

6.02

6.03

6.09

6.20

6.35

6.48

6.55

6.59

6.60

6.60

3,050

2,950

2,950

2,950

3,050

3,150

3,350

3,450

3,550

3,550

3,550

3,550

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

3.51

3.50

3.49

3.48

3.50

3.55

3.63

3.80

4.10

4.50

5.22

5.98

990

990

990

990

990

1,020

1,080

1,190

1,400

1,700

2,260

2,950

March 22

10.42

10.22

10.00

9.70

9.45

9.20

9.02

9.13

9.63

10.45

11.35

12.05

8,120

7,860

7,600

7,210

6,820

6,560

6,300

6,430

7,080

8,120

9,550

10,500

March 28

6.60

6.57

6.52

6.48

6.40

6.33

6.25

6.18

6.10

6.02

5.93

5.85

3,550

3,550

3,450

3,450

3,350

3,250

3,150

3,150

3,050

2,950

2,860

2,770

Feet Sec.ft.

March 17

6.80

8.00

9.60

11,50

13.50

15.40

17.20

18.45

19.20

19.70

19.85

19.85

3,750

5,100

7,080

9,700

13,200

16,800

20,600

23,500

25,500

26,800

27,000

27,000

March 26

12.50

12.62

12.60

12.50

12.38

12.22

12.04

11.85

11.78

11.95

12.45

13.05

11,400

11,500

11,500

11,400

11,200

10,800

10,500

10,200

10,200

10,500

11,200

12,200

March 29

5.75

5.65

5.55

5.48

5.38

5.30

5.20

5.12

5.02

4.97

4.88

4.82

2,770

2,590

2,590

2,500

2,420

2,340

2,260

2,180

2,100

2,060

2,020

1,940

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 18

19.60

19.10

18.45

17.75

17.00

16.35

15.65

14.92

14.20

13.50

12.75

12.00

26,500

25,200

23,500

22,000

20,100

18,800

17,200

15,800

14,500

13,200

11,900

10,500

March. 24

13.50

13.80

14.05

14.25

14.40

14.70

15.25

15.85

16.55

17.25'

17.70

17.75

13,200

13,700

14,100

14,500

14,900

15,400

16,400

17,600

19,200

20,600

21,800

22,000

March 30

4.75

4.68

4.62

4.56

4.50

4.42

4.39

4.34

4.28

4.24

4.19

4.15

1,900

1,860

1,780

1,740

1,700

1,620

1,620

1,580

1,540

1,500

1,470

1,440

Feet Sec.ft.

March 19

11.20

10.45

9.65

9.05

8.58

8o20

7.85

7.62

7.42

7.25

7.10

6.97

9,250

8,120

7,080

6,300

5,820

5,340

4,860

4,630

4,410

4,190

4,080

3,970

March 25

17.60

17.30

16.90

16.40

15.80

15.25

14.60

14.00

13,45

12.85

12.30

11.60

21,500

20,800

19,900

18,800

17,600

16,400

15,200

14,100

13,000

11,900

11,000

9,860

March 31

4.10

4.10

4.07

4.05

4.02

3.98

3.95

3.91

3.86

3.80

3.75

3.72

1,400

1,400

1,360

1,360

1,330

1,330

1,300

1,260

1,220

1,190

1,160

1,120

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 11:15 p.m., 19.88 ft., 27,200 sec.-ft. Mar. 24, 

11:15 p.m., 17.76 ft., 22,000 sec.-ft.
OHIO RIVER BASIN 189 

Buffalo Creek at Barrackville, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39°30'15", long. 80°10'20n , at highway bridge at Barrackville, Marion 

County, 1,700 feet above Pinchs Run.

Drainage area.- 115 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Two gage readings daily except for periods Feb. 22-25, Feb. 27 to 

Mar. 3, Mar. 16, 20-23. Gage heights at indicated time Mar. 14-31 determined from 

graph based on gage readings and shape of graphs at stations on other streams in 

the Monongahela River Basin. Gage heights given to half tenths between 2.00 and 3.00 

feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-3. Defined by current-meter measurements below 5,750 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area method.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 5,960 second-feet noon Mar. 17 (gage height, 11.08 feet).

1907-8, 1915-24, 1932-35: Discharge, 9,490 second-feet Jan. 22, 1917 (gage 

height, 14.22 feet) .

Maximum known stage, about 16 feet during flood of July 1912 (discharge, about 

11,600 second-feet).

Remarks.- Discharge for periods of missing or ice-affected record determined by comparison with discharges of other streams in the Monongahela River Basin.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

85

80

80

575

445

312

238

160

142

101

Mar.

178

151

82C

376

226

156

120

96

85

81

Apr.

149

300

262

214

202

3,310

735

312

250

475

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

88

80

66

910

2,200

800

474

178

178

155

Mar.

77 lie

144

109

106

342

4,010

1,270

554

466

Apr.

350

287

238

178

156

124

114

81

75

70

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

135

120

110

107

1,500

2,400

820

363

226

453

4.25

Mar.

1,830

1,370

1,350

2,230

1,220

440

594

544

298

202

158

636

6.38

Apr.

70

7S

66

60

75

58

62

61

54

52

284

2.76

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

ow

2

4

6

8

10

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 14

_

1.80

-

1.78

-

1.75

-

1.72

_

1.70

_

1.70

_

122

-

118

-

112

_

105

_

101

_

101

March 20

_

3.1

_

3.1

_

3.0

_

3.0

_

3.2

-

4.0

_

445

_

445

_

415

_

415

_

475

_

775

March 26

-

3.3

3.1

-

3.0

-

2.95

-

2.95

2.95

-

505

445

-

415

_

402

-

402

-

402

Feet Sec.ft.

March 15

_

1.71

_

1.71

-

1.72

_

1.74

_

1.74

_

1.75

_

103

-

103

-

105

_

109

_

109

_

112

March 21

_

5.3

_

6.9

_

6.8

_

6.4

_

6.0

_

5.7

_

1,400

_

2,340

_

2,270

_

2,020

_

1,780

_

1,610

March 27

-

3.0

3.1

-

3.5

_

4.0

4.2

-

4.0

-

415

445

-

575

_

775

-

865

-

Y78

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

_

1.76

_

1.77

-

1.83

_

2.6

_

3.8

_

5.2

_

114

_

116

_

129

_

312

_

695

_

1,350

Marc-h 22

_

5.6

_

5.6

-

5.3

-

4.9

_

4.8

_

4.9

_

1,560

_

1,560

_

1,400

_

1,200

_

1,150

_

1,200

March 28

_

3.7

3.5

-

3.4

-

3.3

-

3.2

-

2.95

_

655

575

-

540

_

505

-

475

-

402

Feet Sec.ft.

March 1?_

_

7.1

-

9.4

-

11.1

_

10.5

_

9.4

_

7.5

_

2,470

-

4,310

_

5,960

_

5,350

-

4,310

-

2,750

March 23

_

5.0

_

5.4

_

5.4

_

5.3

_

5.1

_

5.1

_

1,250

_

1,450

_

1,450

_

1,400

_

1,300

_

1,300

March 29_

-

2.75

2.6

-

2.5

_

2.45

-

2.4

-

2.3

-

350

312

-

287

_

274

-

262

238

Feet Sec.ft.

March 18

_

6.1

-

5.2

-

4.6

_

4.2

_

3.9

_

3.8

_

1,840

-

1,350

-

1,050

_

865

_

735

_

695

March 24

_

5.3

_

5.7

_

6.3

_

7.1

_

7.9

-

7.2

_

1,400

_

1,610

_

1,960

_

2,470

_

3,050

_

2,540

March 30

_

2.25

2.2

-

2.1

-

2.0

-

2.0

-

2.0

-

226

214

-

190

-

178

-

178

-

178

Feet Sec.ft.

March 19

_

3,6

-

3.5

-

3.4

_

3.3

_

3.2

_

3.2

_

615

-

575

-

540

_

505

_

475

_

475

March 26

_

6.1

_

5.1

_

4.6

_

4.2

_

3.9

-

3.5

_

1,840

_

1,300

_

1,050

_

865

_

735

_

595

March 31

-

2.0

2.0

-

1.98

-

1.95

-

1.94

-

1.92

-

167

167

-

162

_

156

-

153

-

149
190 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Cheat River near Parsons, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. Sg^'lS", long. 79°40 t 30 lt , at highway bridge 1 J miles north of Parsons,

5*ucker County, Sf miles below confluence of Black Fork and Shavers Fork. 

Drainage area.- 719 square miles.

Gage-height "record.- Gage read to hundredths twice daily. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-5, 10-13. Defined by current-meter

measurements below 14,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area method. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 39,900 second-feet 5 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 16.16 feet,

from graph based on gage readings).

1913-35: Discharge, 51,000 second-feet Feb. 4, 1932 (gage height, 18.03 feet,

from graph based on gage readings). 

Remarks.- discharge Feb. 1-5, 10-13 determined on basis of flow of Cheat River at Lake

Lyrm hydroelectric plant and observer's notes. Records furnished by West Virginia

Power & Transmission Co.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

51f

503

266

560

1,490

1,790

1,220

882

882

755

Mar.

3,10C

2,46C

2,OOC

1,72C

2,0701

1,93C

1,72C

1,400,

l,46d

1,72C

Apr.

2,380

2,940

3,100

2,380

2,900

14,200

9,770

5,540

3,880

4,800

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

57 £

503

399

3,900

8,860

5,380

4,42C

5,620

3,610

2,460

Mar.

2,880

4,060

2,780

2,000

3,180

3,430

18,500

14,300

4,800

3,700

Apr.

4,800

4,150

3,340

2,780

2,140

1,930

1,650

1,340

1,160

1,040

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. . ..........................................

Feb.

1,860

1,460

1,040

1,160

5,340

11,600

12,000

6,460

3,700

3,076

4.62

Mar.

3,100

2,380

3,520

17,500

21,800

13, 600

11,900

10, 400

5,330

3,610

2,860

5,652

9.06

Apr.

930

835

750

675

603

603

750

639

568

534

2,770

4.30

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

II

Feet | See. ft.

March 14

_

4.19

-

4.13

_

4.11

-

4.10

_

4.13

_

4.37

_

2,070

-

2,000

_

1,930

_

1,930

_

.2,000

-

2,300

March 20

_

5.47

_

5.27

_

5.13

_

5.04

_

5.00

_

4.98

_

4,150

_

3,790

_

3,610

_

3,430

_

3,340

_

3,340

March 26

_

10.52

-

10.08

_

9.40

_

8.43

-

7.99

7.80

_

17,300

-

16,000

_

13,900

_

11,200

-

9,920

9,400

Feet Sec . ft .

March 15

_

4.65

-

5.00

_

5.09

_

4.98

-

4.98

_

5.10

_

2,780

-

3,340

_

3,520

_

3,340

_

3,340

_

3,520

March 21

_

4.97

_

4.94

_

4.88

_

4.80

4.69

_

4.55

_

3,260

_

3,260

_

3,180

3,020

2,860

_

2,620

March 27

_

7.80

_

8.15

_

8.81

_

9.31

_

9.48

_

9.41

_

9,400

_

10,300

_

12,100

_

13,600

_

14,200

_

13,900

Feet Sec. ft.

March 16

_

5.14

_

5.08

_

5.01

_

4.98

_

4.98

_

5.29

_

3,610

-

3,520

-

3,340

_

3,340

-

3,340

_

3,880

March 22

_

4.42

_

4.31

4.26

4.36

4.57

4.76

_

2,380

_

2,220

_

2,140

_

2,300

_

2,620

_

2,940

March 28

_

9.11

_

8.69

_

8.12

_

7.61

_

7.21

_

6.81

_

13,000

_

11,800

_

10,300

_

8,880

_

7,900

_

6,940

Feet Sec.ft.

March 1Y

_

5.83

-

6.77

-

8.89

_

16.09

-

15.09

_

13.14

_

4,900

-

6,830

_

12, 400

_

39,700

-

35,200

_

27,000

March 23

_

4.92

_

5.05

5.07

5.08

5.16

5.48

_

3,180

_

3,430

_

3,430

_

3,520

3,610

_

4,240

March 29

_

6.50

-

6.22

_

5.98

_

5.75

_

5.60

_

5.47

_

6,280

_

5,620

_

5,200

_

4,700

_

4,420

_

4,150

Feet Sec.ft.

March 18

_

11.50

_

10.22

-

9.25

_

8.38

_

7.50

_

6.67

_

20,800

_

16,300

_

13, 400

_

11,000

_

8,620

_

6,610

March 24

_

6.36

7.77

_

9.55

12.20

14.60

_

14.03

_

5,950

9,270

_

14,400

23,200

33, 000

_

30,600

March 30

_

5.37

_

5.27

_

5.14

_

5.05

_

4.93

_

4.88

_

3,970

_

3,790

_

3,610

_

3,430

_

3i260

_

3,180

Feet Sec.ft.

March 19

_

5.95

_

5.60

_

5.60

_

5.77

_

5.86

_

5.69

_

5,100

_

4,420

_

4,420

_

4,700

_

4,900

_

4,600

March 25

_

12.22

_

11.85

_

11.68

11.49

11.28

_

10.96

_

23,200

22,000

_

21,500

20,800

20,100

18,800

March 31

_

4.84

_

4.80

_

4.75

_

4.69

_

4.61

_

4.57

_

3,100

_

3,020

_

2,940

.

2,860

_

2,700

_

2,620

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 5 p.m., 16.16 ft., 39,900 sec.-ft.
OHIO RIVER BASIN 191

Cheat River at Rowlesburg, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39°20'50 11 , long. 79°40»0", doimstream from Baltimore & Ohio Railroad

bridge at Rowlesburg, Preston County.

Drainage area.- 972 square miles (including drainage area of Salt Lick Creek). 

Gage-height "record.- Water-stage recorder graph. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-25. Defined by current-meter measurements below 43,600 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area method. 

Maxima^- 1936s Discharge, 55,400 second-feet 9 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 11.95 feet). 

1923-35: Discharge, 65,200 second-feet Feb. 4, 1932 (gage height, 12.66

feet). 

Remarks.- Discharge Feb. 1-25 determined on basis of flow of Cheat River at Lake Lynn

hydroelectric plant. Records furnished by West Virginia Power & Transmission Co.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

700

680

360

758

2,010

2,510

1,980

1,420

1,250

1,020

Mar.

3,600

2,990

2,580

2,200

2,280

2,360

2,050

1,740

1,570

1,700

Apr.

2,990

3,080

4,000

3,220

3,050

19,800

15,400

7,850

5,020

5,910

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

778

680

311

3,070

11,700

9,280

6,590

8,050

5,330

3,170

Mar.

2,100

4,280

3,740

2,580

3,090

3,860

25,200

26,600

8,470

5,180

Apr.

6,330

5,830

4,720

3,730

2,990

2,580

2,250

1,890

1,630

1,410

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in inches ............................................

Feb.

2,460

1,960

1,750

1,350

4,030

16,000

15,800

9,220

5,040

4,112

4.56

Mar.

4,280

3,470

5,120

24,500

34,100

SI, 500

15,100

14,700

7,840

4,880

3,600

7,976

9.46

Apr.

1,250

1,180

1,060

946

865

844

900

934

823

750

3,774

4.33

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

|3

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 14

4.24

4.21

4.17

4.14

4.11

4.08

4.04

4.01

3.98

3.95

3.94

3.95

2,880

2,780

2,680

2,680

2,580

2,580

2,480

2,380

2,340

2,280

2,270

2,280

March 20

5.36

5.30

5.23

5.17

5.11

5.06

§.01

4.96

4.92

4.88

4.84

4.84

6,000

5,830

5,660

5,340

5,180

5,020

4,870

4,720

4,570

4,570

4,420

4,420

.March 26

9.77

9.63

9.39

9.11

8.81

8.50

8.20

7.91

7.66

7.43

7.24

7.08

30,400

29,600

27,300

24,900

22,700

20,600

18,800

17,100

15,800

14,800

13,800

13,200

Peet Sec.ft.

March 15

3.96

3.99

4.05

4.16

4.29

4.41

4.51

4.57

4.59

4.59

4.57

4.56

2,300

2,360

2,480

2,680

2,990

3,220

3,470

3,600

3,730

3,730

3,600

3,600

March 21

4.86

4.88

4.88

4.87

4.87

4.86

4.84

4.81

4.76

4.71

4.67

4.63

4,420

4,570

4,570

4,420

4,420

4,420

4,420

4,280

4,140

4,000

3,860

3,860

March 27

7.00

6.98

7.01

7.12

7.29

7.45

7.60

7.77

7.94

8.04

8.08

8.08

12,700

12,700

12,700

13,200

14,100

14,800

15, 600

16,400

17,400

17,900

18, 200

18,200

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

4.56

4.59

4.63

4.66

4.66

4.67

4.67

4.67

4.67

4.66

4.65

4.63

3,600

3,730

3,860

3,860

3,860

3,860

3,860

3,860

3,860

3,860

3,860

3,860

Maroh- 22

4.58

4.54

4.50

4.45

4.41

4.38

4.36

4.38

4.45

4.55

4.63

4.73

3,730

3,600

3,470

3,340

3,220

3,220

3,100

3,220

3,340

3,600

3,860

4,140

March 28

8.08

8.03

7.94

7.80

7.64

7.47

7.30

7.12

6.94

6.78

6.61

6.49

18, 200

17,900

17,400

16,600

15,800

14,800

14, 100

13,200

12,400

11,400

10,700

10,300

Feet Sec.ft.

March 17

4.63

4.66

4.79

5.40

6.50

7.54

9.27

11.02

11.55

11.90

11.94

11.87

3,860

3,860

4,280

6,160

10,300

15,400

26,100

43,500

50,200

54,700

55, 400

54,000

March 23

4.82

4.90

4.96

5.00

5.01

5.01

5.01

5.05

5.11

5.26

5.47

5.78

4,280

4,570

4,720

4,870

4,870

4,870

4,870

5,020

5,180

5,660

6,330

7,560

March 29

6.37

6.25

6.14

6.04

5.94

5.85

5.77

5.68

5.59

5.51

5.43

5.36

9,670

9,270

8,880

8,490

8,120

7,740

7,380

7,200

6,850

6,500

6,330

6,000

Feet Sec.ft.

Marcb 18

11.61

11.12

10.36

9.64

9.07

8.59

8.17

7.84

7.56

7.31

7.10

6.90

50,800

44,700

36,300

29,600

24,500

21,300

18,500

16,800

15,400

14,100

13,200

12,200

March 24

6.19

6.59

6.87

7.07

7.20

7.53

8.70

9.56

10.61

11.42

11.68

11.62

9,070

10,700

12,000

13,000

13,600

15,400

22,000

28, 600

39,000

48,300

52,100

50,800

March 30

5.29

5.22

5.16

5.10

5.05

5.00

4.95

4.91

4.86

4.82

4.78

4.74

5,830

5,500

5,340

5,180

5,020

4,870

4,720

4,570

4,420

4,280

4,280

4,140

Feet Sec.ft.

March 19

6.72

6.55

6.38

6.23

6.10

5.97

5.86

5,75

5.66

5.57

5.50

5.43

11,200

10, 500

9,870

9,270

8,680

8,120

7,740

7,380

7,020

6,680

6,500

6,330

March 25

11.46

11.23

10.88

10.47

10.03

9.65

9.35

9.19

9.14

9.25

9.53

9.74

48,900

46,500

42,300

37,400

33,300

29,600

26,900

25,700

25,300

26,100

28,600

30, 400

March 31

4.70

4.66

4.63

4.59

4.56

4.53

4.50

4.48

4.46

4.45

4.43

4.42

4,000

3,860

3,860

3,730

3,600

3,600

3,470

3,470

3,340

3,340

3,340

3,220

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 9 p.m., 11.95 ft., 55,400 sec.-ft.
192 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Gheat River near Pisgah, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39°36'45n , long. 79°47 I 51', 2^ miles southwest of Pisgah, Preston

County, three-quarters of a mile above Scotts Run. 

Drainage area.- 1,360 square miles. 

Gage-height "record.- Water-stage recorder graph. No record Feb. 22-27. Gage heights

used to half tenths between 3.0 and 5.0 feet; hundredths below and tenths above

these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-16, 20-25. Defined by current-meter

measurements below 23,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by comparison of peak

discharge with that over dam at Lake Lynn and by logarithmic extension of rating

curve. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 72,000 second-feet 11:30 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 23.92

'l927-35: Discharge, 72,000 second-feet Feb. 4, 1932 (gage height, 23.90 

feet).

Remarks.- Discharge Feb. 1-16, 20-27 determined from record of flow over dam at Lake 

Lynn and from power output.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

850

800

750

1,100

2,950

3,650

2,900

2,050

1,800

1,500

Mar.

5,720

4,890

4,760

4,260

4,260

4,020

3,350

2,870

2,520

2,780

Apr.

4,140

4,140

5,160

4,500

3,900

22, 500

20,700

10,000

6,740

7,060

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,130

1,000

1,100

4,500

17,000

13, 500

8,600

10,300

7,240

4,600

Mar.

3,250

6,000

6,000

4,380

4,360

5,500

35,400

40,900

12,700

6,170

Apr.

7,420

7,420

6,280

5,160

4,260

3,570

3,150

2,690

2,360

2,040

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

3,570

2,850

2,550

2,400

5,870

20,000

26,400

13,500

7,420

5,924

4.70

Mar.

5,770

6,270

8,310

30,900

46,500

27,700

18,000

18,600

10,200

6,570

5,090

11,230

9.51

Apr.

1,830

1,760

1,620

1,450

1,320

1,250

1,280

1,480

1,320

1,190

4,923

4.04

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at Indicated time, 1936

|£

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 14

8.59

8.48

8.37

8.28

8.19

8.13

8.05

8.00

7.96

7.90

7.84

7.80

4,890

4,760

4,630

4,500

4,380

4,260

4,140

4,140

4,140

4,020

3,900

3,900

March 20

10.80

10.42

10.17

9.87

9.62

9.28

9.00

8.75

8.5S

8.4S

8.35

8.42

8,380

7,600

7,240

6,740

6,280

5,860

5,440

5,160

4,760

4,630

4,630

4,630

March 26

18.23

18.30

18.08

17.70

17.23

16.65

16.15

15.63

15.13

14.66

14.22

14.00

35,800

36,300

35,200

33,100

30, 600

27,700

25,900

23,500

21,500

20,100

18, 400

17,700

Feet Sec.ft.

March 15

7.73

7.71

7.74

7.76

7.79

7.94

8.21

8.49

8.67

8.77

8.22

8.81

3,790

3,790

3,790

3,900

3,900

4,020

4,380

4,760

5,020

5,160

5,160

5,160

March 21

8.60

8.82

9.07

9.28

9.35

9.45

9.50

9.50

9.50

9.50

9.50

9.50

4,890

5,160

5,580

5,860

6,000

6,000

6,140

6,140

6,140

6,140

6,140

6,140

March 27

13.74

13.50

13.45

13.45

13.57

13.77

14.02

14.26

14.47

14.66

14.94

15.07

16,700

16,100

15, 800

15,800

16,400

17,100

17,700

18,700

19,400

20, 100

20,800

21, 500

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

8.79

8.74

8.74

8.79

8.85

8.92

8.99

9.11

9.28

9.43

9.60

9.72

5,160

5,020

5,020

5,160

5,160

5,300

5,440

5,580

5,860

6,000

6,280

6,420

March 22

9.45

9.45

9.35

9.28

9.20

9.17

9.17

9.33

9.72

10.07

10.27

10.38

6,000

6,000

6,000

5,860

5,720

5,720

5,720

5,860

6,420

7,060

7,420

7,600

March 28

15.08

15.07

15.02

14.92

14.74

14.50

14.19

13.88

13.58

13.30

12.99

12.72

21,500

21,500

21,200

20,800

20,100

19, 400

18, 400

17, 400

16,400

15,500

14,500

13,500

Feet Sec.ft.

March 17

9.8S

10.15

11.55

14.10

16.24

17.66

18.62

19.94

21.91

23.28

23.78

23.88

6,580

7,240

10,300

18,000

25,900

33,100

38, 000

45,500

58, 400

67,900

71,300

72,000

 March 23

10.45

10.45

10.45

10.50

10.50

10.50

10.50

10.60

10.85

11.23

11.51

11.84

7,600

7,600

7,600

7,780

7,780

7,780

7,780

7,980

8,380

9,280

10,000

10,900

March 29

12.46

12.21

11.98

11.79

11.59

11.42

11.26

11.06

10.95

10.77

10.62

10.48

12,900

12,000

11,400

10,900

10,300

9,780

9,520

9,040

8,820

8,380

7,980

7,780

Feet Sec.ft.

March 18

23.48

22.98

22.08

20.55

19.17

18.06

17.05

16.25

15.65

15.12

14.60

14.16

69,300

65,900

59,800

49,900

41,400

35,200

29,600

25,900

23,500

21,500

19,700

18, 400

March 24

12.16

12.51

13.07

13.63

14.10

14.82

16.95

18.56

19.84

21.06

22.98

23.18

12,000

12,900

14,800

16,400

18,000

20,500

29,600

38,000

44,900

53,200

63,200

67,300

March 30

10.33

10.20

10.08

9.97

9.84

9.74

9.63

9.52

9.44

9.35

9.26

9.17

7,420

7,240

7,060

6,900

6,580

6,420

6,280

6,140

-. 000

,. 100

5,860

5,720

Feet Sec.ft.

March 19

13.79

13.38

13.08

12.78

12.48

12.27

11.96

11.80

11.55

11.38

11.18

10.95

17,100

15,800

14,800

13,900

12,900

12,300

11, 400

10,900

10,300

9,780

9,280

8,820

March 25

22.98

22.48

21.87

21.06

20.15

19.28

18^67

18.17

17.81

17.56

17.56

17.86

65,900

62,500

58,400

53,200

47,300

41,900

38,500

35, 800

33,700

32, 600

32,600

34,200

March 31

9.08

9.01

8.95

8.88

8.82

8.77

8.66

8.59

8.53

8.45

8.39

8.34

5,580

5,440

5,440

5,300

5,160

5,160

5,020

4,890

4,760

4,630

4,630

4,500

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 11:30 p.m., 23.92 ft., 72,000 sec.-ft. Mar. 25, 

1 a.m., 23.22 ft., 67,300 sec.-ft.
OHIO RIVER BASIN 193 

Blackwater River at Davis, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39O]7^35n , long. 79°28'10 n , three-eighths of a mile southwest of Davis,

Tucker County, and half a mile below Beaver Creek. 

Drainage area.- 86.2 square miles. 

Gage-height "record.- Gage read to hundredths twice dally. No readings Mar. 22. Gage

height at Indicated time, Mar. 14-31, from graph based on gage readings. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by Ice Feb. 1-25. Defined by current-meter measurements below 1,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area method. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 3,040 second-feet 7:15 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 9.01 feet,

from graph based on gage readings).

1921-35: Discharge, 7,170 second-feet Mar. 29, 1924 (gage height, 13.20 feet). 

Remarks.- Discharge Feb. 1-25 determined on basis of flow of Cheat River at Lake Lynn

hydroelectric plant and observer% notes. Records furnished by West Virginia Power &

Transmission Co.

Mean discharge, In second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

62

60

32

67

178

222

176

126

111

91

Mar.

392

299

252

252

287

240

195

184

184

228

Apr.

252

436

350

275

400

1,520

1,250

766

524

729

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

69

60

28

272

1,040

823

584

714

472

281

Mar.

428

638

364

311

392

364

2,090

1,900

842

534

Apr.

602

516

378

311

240

240

206

173

152

133

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, In Inches. . ..........................................

Feb.

218

174

155

120

358

1,850

1,530

958

528

392

4.91

Mar.

264

263

381

1,350

2,460

1,750

1,250

992

620

392

299

658

8.80

Apr.

116

114

109

89

79

86

94

76

76

66

345

4.46

Gage height, In feet, and discharge, In second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

b

o

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

H

Feet Sec.ft.

March 14

_

2. 85

_

2.84

_

2.94

_

3.05

_

3.17

_

3.28

_

275

_

275

_

299

_

324

_

350

_

392

March 20

_

3.99

_

3.80

_

3.69

_

3.63

_

3.58

_

3.34

_

620

_

550

_

516

_

500

-

483

_

406

March 26

_

7.58

_

7.20

_

6.70

_

6.21

_

5.97

_

5.78

_

2,170

_

1,960

_

1,710

_

1,480

_

1,380

_

1,310

Feet Sec.ft.

March 15

_

3.36

_

3.36

_

3.32

_

3.29

_

3.26

_

3.24

_

406

_

406

_

392

_

392

_

378

_

378

March 21

_

2.96

_

2.74

_

2.72

_

2.72

_

2.72

_

2.72

_

299

_

252

-

240

_

240

_

240

_

240

March 27

_

5.66

_

5.65

_

5.70

_

5.70

_

5.64

_

5.52

_

1,250

_ -

1,250

_

1,270

_

1,270

_

1,250

_

1,190

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

_

3.19

_

3.17

_

3.17

_

3.18

_

3.25

_

3.47

_

364

_

350

_

350

_

364

_

378

_

436

March 22

_

2.71

_

2.73

_

2.76

_

2.78

_

2.81

_

2.88

_

240

_

252

_

252

_

263

_

263

_

287

March 28

_

5.38

_

5.20

_

4.98

_

4.78

_

4.60

_

4.45

_

1,150

_

1,070

_

992

_

916

_

840

_

784

Feet Sec.ft.

March 17

_

4.69

_

6.44

_

8.05

_

8.88

_

9.00

_

8.69

_

878

_

1,600

_

2,420

_

2,970

_

3,040

_

2,830

March 23

_

2.96

_

3.04

_

3.18

_

3.38

_

3.58

_

3.78

_

299

_

324

_

364

_

421

_

483

_

550

March 29

_

4.32

_

4.21

_

4.04

_

3,86

_

3.69

_

3.56

_

729

_

692

_

638

_

568

_

516

_

467

Feet Sec.ft.

March 18

_

8.13

_

7.58

_

7.03

_

6.44

_

5.86

_

5.40

_

2,480

_

2,170

_

1,880

_

1,600

_

1,330

_

1,150

March 24

_

4.04

_

4.45

_

5.32

_

6.60

_

7.91

_

8.00

_

638

_

784

_

1,110

_

1,660

_

2,340

_

2,390

March 30

_

3.48

_

3.40

_

3.30

_

3.22

_

3.18

_

3.10

_

451

_

421

_

392

_

364

-

364

_

337

Feet Sec . ft .

March 19

_

5.00

_

4.69

_

4.50

_

4.38

_

4.30

_

4.16

_

992

_

878

_

803

_

766

_

729

_

674

March 25

_

7.75

_

7.77

_

8.49

_

8.48

_

8.15

_

7.82

_

2,250

_

2^250

_

2,690

_

2,690

_

2,480

_

2,280

March 31

_

3.05

_

2.97

_

2.95

_

2.90

_

2.87

_

2.84

_

324

_

299

-

299

_

287

_

275

-

275

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 7sl5 p.m., 9.01 ft., 3,040 sec.-ft.
194 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Big Sandy Creek at Rockville, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39O37'15B , long. 79°42'20n , at highway bridge in Rockville, Preston 

County, 5 milea above Junction with Cheat River and 5^ miles below Bruceton Mills.

Drainage area.- 200 square miles.

Gage-height "record.- Water-stage recorder graph. No record Feb. 1 to Mar. 3.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 6,960 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area method.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 11,100 second-feet 2:45 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 13.17

1909-18, 1921-35: Discharge, 21,300 second-feet July 24, 1912 (gage height, 

18.00 feet).

Remarks.- Discharge Feb. 1 to Mar. 3 determined on baais of flow of Cheat River at 

Lake Lynn hydroelectric plant. Records furnished by West Virginia Power & Transmission Co.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feti.

144

140

74

156

414

516

408

292

258

210

Mar.

800

630

676

1,050

1,110

810

605

495

455

560

Apr.

455

515

495

415

415

3,280

1,860

1,020

760

950

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

160

140

64

632

2,410

1,910

1,360

1,660

1,100

652

Mar.

624

1,200

1,000

700

628

765

7,460

4,120

1,870

1,220

Apr.

845

750

628

538

455

395

319

283

248

215

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

506

404

360

278

830

4,050

3,500

2,090

1,110

891

4.81

Mar.

1,680

1,540

2,150

4,670

4,060

2,030

1,860

1,420

880

650

582

1,558

8.98

Apr.

184

232

200

173

156

156

164

200

173

156

554

3.09

Page height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at Indicated time, 1956

g

§

2

4

6

8

10

K

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

K

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

K

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 14

6.44

6.40

6.36

6.32

6.32

6.27

6.25

6.25

6.24

6.24

6.25

6.26

780

750

725

700

700

675

675

675

675

675

675

675

March 20

7.21

7.15

7.08

7.01

6.94

6.93

6.89

6.92

6.95

7.00

7.06

7.13

1,380

1,330

1,280

1,190

1,150

1,150

1,110

1,110

1,150

1,190

1,240

1,330

Maroh 26

8.52

8.36

8.82

8.07

7.94

7.81

7.71

7.61

7.52

7.46

7.39

7.33

2,630

2,460

2,310

2,160

2,070

1,930

1,840

1,740

1,660

1,610

1,560

1,520

Feet Sec.ft.

March IE

6.27

6.26

6.24

6.21

6.18

6.15

6.13

6.11

6.09

6.08

6.06

6.04

675

675

675

650

650

628

628

605

605

605

582

582

March 21

7.29

7.49

7.58

7.65

7.68

 7.67

7.62

7.56

7.48

7.42

7,35

7.29

1,470

1,660

1,740

1,790

1,840

1,790

1,740

1,700

1,660

1,560

1,520

1,470

March 87

7.27

7.28

7.40

7.57

7.80

7.98

8.06

8.04

7.97

7.88

7.79

7.69

1,420

1,470

1,560

1,700

1,930

2,120

2,160

2,160

2,070

2,020

1,930

l,84fl

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

r 6.03

6.01

6.00

5.99

5.98

6.02

6.08

6.29

6.58

6.94

7.27

7.44

582

560

560

560

560

560

605

700

880

1,150

1,420

1,610

Maroh 22

7.22

7.15

7.09

7.04

7.00

6.98

7.02

7.26

7.67

8.01

8.24

8.31

1,380

1,330

1,280

1,240

1,190

1,190

1,190

1,420

1,790

2,120

2,360

2,410

March 28

7.61

7.52

7.44

7.37

7.30

7.22

7.16

7.09

7.03

6.97

6.92

6.88

1,740

1,660

1,610

1,520

1,470

1,380

1,330

1,280

1,240

1,150

1,110 1,110

Feet Sec.ft.

March 17

7.52

7.91

9.19

11.00

12.31

13.00

13.15

13.07

12.83

12.56

12.11

11.65

1,660

2,020

3,530

6,500

9,100

10,700

11,100

10,800

10, 400

9,700

8,700

7,800

March 23 ""1

8.26

8.16

8.03

7.92

7.79

7.70

7.66

7.68

7.90

8.19

8.46

8.65

2,360

2,260

2,160

2,020

1,930

1,840

1,790

1,840

2,020

2,310

2,580

2,810

March 29

6.83

6.79

6.74

6.70

6.66

6.61

6.56

6.52

6.48

6.45

6.42

6.38

1,070

1,030

990

950

915

880

845

810

810

780

750

750

Feet Sec.ft.

March 18

11.17

10.72

10.24

9.84

9.52

9.26

9.02

8.82

8.68

8.54

8.42

8.30

6,800

6,000

5,230

4,520

3,970

3,600

3,250

2 990

2^870

2,690

2,520

2,410

March 24

8.75

8.75

8.71

8.70

8.72

9.01

10.40

11.11

11.43

11.39

11.27

11.03

2,930

2,930

2,870

2,870

2,870

3,250

5,500

6,700

7,400

7,300

7,000

6,600

March 30

6.35

6.32

6.28

6.25

6.22

6.20

6.18

6.15

6.12

6.09

6.07

6.04

725

700

700

675

650

650

650

628

605

605

582

582

Feet Sec.ft.

March 19

8.20

8.08

7.96

7.85

7.77

7.69

7.60

7.52

7.46

7.40

7.33

7.27

2,310

2,210

2,070

1,980

1,880

1,840

1,740

1,660

1,610

1,560

1,520

1,420

March 25

10.68

10.37

10.00

9.67

9.42

9.22

9.07

9.00

8.98

8.93

8.82

8.68^

6,000

5,410

4,780

4,200

3,820

3,530

3,320

3,250

3,250

3,180

2,990

2,870

March 31

6.03

6.02

6.05

6.07

6.08

6.09

6.07

6.03

6.02

5.99

5.95

5.91

582

560

582

582

605

605

582

582

560

560

538

515

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 2:45 p.m., 13.17 ft., 11,100 sec.-ft.
OHIO RIVER BASIN 19E 

South Pork of Tenmile Creek at Jefferson, Pa.

Location.- La1^. 39°55'2511 , long. 80°4'2511 , at highway bridge 1 mile southwest of

Jefferson, Greene County, and 3* miles downstream from mouth of Ruff Creek. Zero of

gage is 852.54 feet above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 180 square miles. 

Bage-height record.- Graph based on two or more chain-gage readings daily. Gage

heights used to half tenths between 2.0 and 3.0 feet; hundredths below and tenths

above these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined to 1,500 second-feet by current-meter measurements;

extended logarithmically to crest discharge. Affected by ice Feb. 1-23. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 7,830 second-feet 11 a.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 13.54 feet, 

'from flood marks).

1931-35: Discharge, 6,840 second-feet Apr. 14, 1934 (gage height, 12.4 feet,

from graph based on gage readings).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

100

100

100

140

300

280

250

230

210

200

Mar.

425

264

380

525

595

595

525

410

294

218

Apr.

238

392

396

264

179

3,700

2,040

490

630

830

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

190

190

200

1,000

2,300

1,600

1,250

1,050

900

800

Mar.

190

269

276

261

290

1,520

5,600

1,980

1,230

1,160

Apr.

525

425

365

306

238

200

159

136

124

93

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

600

500

490

490

3,570

2,590

1,730

830

630

4.71

Mar.

2,390

1,960

1,550

1,400

985

771

592

494

589

318

275

907

5.81

Apr.

90

Bl

74

59

53

59

72

74

56

90

415

2.58

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

&s

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

2.92

2.89

2.86

2.83

2.80

2.77

2.74

2.70

2.65

2.60

2.55

2.50

455

455

440

440

425

410

410

395

380

365

350

335

March 14

2.14

2.10

2.06

2.06

2.12

2.20

2.26

2.35

2.38

2.38

2.39

2.40

238

225

212

212

225

251

264

292

306

306

306

306

March 20

4.51

4.47

4.42

4.36

4.30

4.28

4.26

4.26

4.34

4.50

5.00

5.90

1,130

1,130

1,080

1,080

1,030

1,030

1,030

1,030

1,030

1,130

1,380

1,910

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

2.46

2.42

2.39

2.36

2.34

2.32

2.30

2.32

2.34

2.34

2.32

2.30

320

306

306

292

292

278

278

278

292

292

278

278

March 15

2.37

2.34

2.30

2.28

2.28

2.29

2.31

2.32

2.32

2.34

2.40

2.50

292

292

278

278

278

278

278

278

278

292

306

335

March 21

7.10

7.95

8.16

8.00

7.50

6.90

6.40

5.90

5.62

5.56

5.56

5.60

2,660

3,290

3,430

3,290

2,940

2,520

2,210

1,910

1,730

1,730

1,730

1,730

Feet Sec . ft .

March 10

2.28

2.26

2.24

2.22

2.20

2.10

2.00

1.90

1.80

1.82

1.84

1.85

278

264

264

251

251

225

200

177

155

159

164

166

March 16

2.70

2.90

3.20

3.60

4.00

4.50

5.00

5.60

6.40

7.20

8.00

8.90

395

455

560

710

880

1,130

1,380

1,730

2,210

2,730

3,290

3,930

March 22

5.70

5.80

5.88

5.99

6.02

6.08

6.12

6.16

6.16

6.12

6.08

6.00

1,790

1,850

1,910

1,970

1,970

2,030

2,030

2,090

2,090

2,030

2,030.

1,970

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

1.86

1.87

1.89

1.91

1.93

1.95

1.97

1.98

2.01

2.04

2.07

2.10

168

170

175

179

184

188

193

195

200

212

212

225

March 17

9.80

10.80

11.90

12.99

13.50

13.50

12.80

11.60

10.40

9.20

8.40

7.80

4,650

5,450

6,390

7,380

7,830

7,830

7,200

6,120

5,130

4,170

3,570

3,150

March 23

5.80

5.63

5.46

5.30

5.20

5.15

5.10

5.07

5.05

5.03

5.03

5.06

l',850

1,730

1,670

1,550

1,490

1,490

1,430

1,430

1,380

1,380

1,380

1,430

Feet Sec.ft,.

March 12

2.15

2.20

2.26

2.32

2.34

2.34

2.32

2.30

2.28

2.27

2.29

2.30

238

251

264

278

292

292

278

278

278

264

278

278

March 18

7.20

6.85

6.50

6.15

5.95

5.75

5.55

5.40

5.28

5.18

5.08

4.98

2,730

2,450

2,270

2,090

1,970

1,850

1,730

1,610

1,550

1,490

1,430

1,380

March 24

5.08

5.11

5.15

5.17

5.16

5.12

5.08

5.04

4.96

4.88

4.79

4.70

1,430

1,430

1,490

1,490

1,490

1,430

1,430

1,380

1,380

1,330

1,280

1,230

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

2.31

2.32

2.32

2.32

2.33

2.34

2.33

2.31

2.29

2.26

2.22

2.18

278

278

278

278

292

292

292

278

278

264

251

251

March 19

4.92

4.84

4.76

4.72

4.66

4.64

4.62

4.60

4.58

4.56

4.56

4.54

1,330

1,280

1,280

1,230

1,230

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,130

March 25

4.62

4.54

4.46

4.38

4.29

4.20

4.10

3.98

3.90

3.86

3.83

3.80

1,180

1,130

1,130

1,080

1,030

980

930

880

830

830

790

790

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 11 a.m., 13.54 ft., 7,830 sec.-ft.
196 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Youghiogheny River at Connellsville, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40 ol'5n , long. 79°35'40", at Crawford Avenue Bridge, at Connellsvllle,

Payette County, three-quarters of a mile above mouth of Mounts Creek. Zero of gage

is 860»13 feet above mean aea level. 

Drainage area.- 1,326 square miles. 

Sage-height 're'cord.- Water-stage recorder graph. Gage heights uaed to half tenths between 2.5 and 5.0 feetj hundredths below and tenths above these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements to 40,000 second-feetj

logarithmic extension to crest discharge.

Maxim.- 1936: Discharge, 92,500 second-feet 2j50 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 20.28 feet). 

 T908-35S Discharge, 84,000 second-feet Mar. 29, 1924 (gage height, 19.4 feet,

from graph based on gage readings).

1888-1935: Discharge, that of Mar. 29, 1924.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1,250

1,220

1,120

1,290

1,680

1,810

1,680

1,330

1,330

1,170

Mar.

8,760

7,160

5,870

5,260

7,990

7,380

5,840

4,720

4,590

6,490

Apr.

4,320

3,980

4,270

5,710

3,260

12,800

13,500

8,500

6,290

7,160

Day

11

12

15

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,080

1,070

1,040

1,270

5,500

5,250

4,850

4,750

4,460

3,620

Mar.

9,050

12,900

9,210

6,560

6,110

6,450

38,400

58,100

20,000

11,400

Apr.

6,940

6,780

5,450

4,750

4,180

3,620

5,260

2,760

2,570

2,010

Day

21

?.P:

25

24

25

26

27

28

29

50

51

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

3,100

2,680

2,150

1,940

5,960

23,800

25,800

16,600

9,720

3.83

Mar.

10,200

8,830

10,000

12,500

18,200

12,400

10,600

9,710

7,180

5,700

4,980

1 1 ^*7fl

9.88

Apr.

1,940

1,940

1,810

1,620

1,500

1,350

1,290

1,730

1,740

1,680

4,201

3.54

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

3

S

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec . ft .

March 8

4.80

4.77

4.74

4.72

4.68

4.64

4.60

4.55

4.51

4.48

4.44

4.43

5,050

4,950

4,950

4,850

4,850

4,750

4,650

4,560

4,460

4,460

4,360

4,360

March 14

5.86

5.77

5.68

5.62

5.59

5.46

5.36

5.31

5.27

5.25

5.24

5.26

7,380

7,160

6,940

6,720

6,720

6,500

6,290

6,080

6,080

5,870

5,870

6,080

March 20

8.22

8.05

7.90

7.74

7.59

7.44

7.31

7.21

7.13

7.10

7.07

7.06

13,300

12,700

12,400

11,800

11,500

11,000

10,700

10,400

10,200

10,200

10,200

10,200

Feet Sec. ft.

March 9

4.42

4.43

4.48

4.53

4.57

4.55

4.52

4.63

4.64

4.65

4.67

4.80

4,270

4,360

4,460

4,560

4,560

4,560

4,460

4,750

4,750

4,750

4,750

5,050

March 15

5.29

5.35

5.37

5.39

5.40

5.38

5.35

5.31

5.27

5.23

5.20

5.18

6,080

6,080

6,290

6,290

6,290

6,290

6,290

6,080

6,080

5,870

5,870

5,870

March 21

7.07

7.14

7.22

7.29

7.31

7.27

7.21

7.13

7.04

6.94

6.87

6.77

10,200

10,200

10,400

10,700

10,700

10,700

10,400

10,200

9,950

9,710

9,710

9,470

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

4.95

5.05

5.23

5.43

5.66

5.70

5.73

5.75

5.73

5.70

5.75

5.90

5,350

5,450

5,870

6,290

6,940

6,940

6,940

7,160

6,940

6,940

7,160

7,380

Maroh 16

5.16

5.16

5.18

5.20

5.24

5.28

5.35

5.48

5.67

5.85

6.03

6.20

5,870

5,870

5,870

5,870

5,870

6,080

6,290

6,500

6,940

7,160

7,600

8,060

March 22

6.67

6.57

6.47

6.40

6.35

6.27

6.21

6.25

6.40

6.60

6.79

6.95

9,230

8,990

8,750

8,520

8,520

8,290

8,060

8,060

8,520

8,990

9,470

9,950

Feet | Sec.ft.

March 11

5.98

6.06

6.13

6.24

6.31

6.36

6.48

6.64

6.89

7.25

7.64

8.00

7,600

7,850

7,830

8,060

8,290

8,520

8,750

8,990

9,710

10,400

11,500

12,700

March 17

6.54

6.58

7.26

8.34

10.28

11.81

13.82

15.71

16.96

18.02

19.08

19.80

8,290

8,990

10,700

13,600

21,600

29,000

40,600

53,600

63,600

71,800

81,400

87,800

March 23

7.09

7.19

7.20

7.18

7.10

6.98

6.89

6.85

6.87

6.94

7.02

7.09

10,SOO

10,400

10,400

10,400

10,200

9,950

9,710

9,470

9,710

9,710

9,950

10,200

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

8.24

8.37

8.46

8.43

8.34

8.23

8.12

7.98

7.84

7.72

7.58

7.45

13,300

14,000

14,400

14,000

13,600

13,300

15,000

12,700

12,100

11,800

11,500

11,000

March 18

20.26

20.03

19.23

17.95

16.78

15.65

14.64

15.86

13.19

12.61

12.10

11.68

92,500

89,600

82,200

71,800

62,OOQ

52,800

45,800

41,300

57,000

53,400

30,600

28*400

March 24

7.18

7.28

7.38

7.46

7.48

7.50

7.63

7.97

8.28

8.62

9.12

9.48

10,400

10,700

11,000

11,200

11,200

11,200

11,500

12,700

13, 600

14,700

16,500

18,100

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

7.32

7.19

7.07

6.97

6.81

6.66

6.52

6.39

6.27

6.16

6.05

5.95

10,700

10,400

10,200

9,950

9,470

9,230

8,750

8,520

8,290

8,060

7,600

7,600

March 19

11.33

11.00

10.69

10.41

10.13

9.76

9.50

9.24

9.00

8.79

8.58

8.40

26,400

24,800

23,400

22,000

20,600

19,300

18,100

16,900

16,100

15,400

14,700

14,000

March 25

9.67

9.85

9.94

9.96

9.87

9.75

9.59

9.44

9.30

9.12

8.92

8.75

18,900

19,300

19,800

20,200

19,800

19,300

18,500

17,700

17,300

16,500

15,800

15,400
OHIO RIVER BASIN 197

Youghiogheny River at Sutersville, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40o14'25n , long. 79°48 l 20 n , at highway bridge at Sutersville, Westjnoreland County, 2j miles below mouth of Sewickley Creek. Zero of gage is 733.14 feet 

above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 1,715 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Graph based on two or more chain-gage readings daily. Gage heights 

used to half tenths below and tenths above 4.0 feet.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-27. Defined by current-meter measurements to 16,000 second-feet; extended to crest discharge using slope-area determination of flood flow.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 100,000 second-feet 10 a.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 30.65 feet, 

by levels to flood marks).

1915-29, 1931-35: Discharge, 89,300 second-feet (revised) Mar. 30, 1924 (gage 

height, about 28.3 feet, revised).

1888-1935: That of Mar. 30, 1924.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1,400

1,350

1,300

1,650

1,900

2,100

1,900

1,700

1,500

1,400

Mar.

10,800

8,700

7,550

6,730

10,200

9,000

6,730

5,290

4,840

6,510

Apr.

4,770

4,110

4,550

3,690

3,100

12, 500

19,200

11,100

7,270

8,700

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,300

1,250

1,200

1,600

4,700

6,200

5,800

5,400

5,000

4,200

Mar.

9,690

17,400

13,300

8,180

6,940

8,080

37,200

82,800

39,100

17,400

Apr.

8,120

7,830

6,210

5,470

4,550

3,690

3,490

2,920

2,570

2,240

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

3,500

3,000

2,500

2,400

8,000

30,000

35,000

25,500

14, 500

3.84

Mar.

14,700

12,100

13,900

14,700

22,400

17,000

13,300

12,500

8,600

6,340

5,380

9.92

Apr.

2,080

2,080

1,930

1,790

1,660

1,660

1,540

1,660

1,790

1,660

3.12

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

fn 

3

O

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

11

Feet Sec. ft.

March 8

6.23

6.18

6.15

6.10

6.10

6.11

6.12

6.14

6.10

6.06

6.00

5.95

5,470

5,470

5,470

5,230

5,230

5,230

5,230

5,230

5,230

5,230

5,000

5,000

March 14

7.70

7.58

7.45

7.33

7.24

7.18

7.10

7.05

6.67

6.89

6.84

6.78

9,600

9,300

8,700

8,410

8,120

8,120

7,830

7,550

7,550

7,270

7,000

7,000

March 20

11.52

11.12

10.72

10.40

10.15

9.93-

9,75

9.64

9.52

9.42

9.38

9.31

21,600

20,300

19,000

18,000

17,400

16,400

16,100

15,400

15,100

14,800

14,800

14,500

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

5.91

5.89

5.87

5.86

5.85

5.88

5.90

5.92

5.94

5.97

6.00

6.06

4,770

4,7VO

4,770

4,770

4,550

4,770

4,770

4,770

4,770

5,000

5,000

5,230

March 15

6.73

6.70

6.70

6.75

6.80

6.83

6.85

6.85

6.83

6.82

6.80

6.78

6,730

6,730

6,730

7,000

7,000

7,000

7,000

7,000

7,000

7,000

7,000

7,000

March 21

9.30

9.32

9.39

9.43

9.45

9.50

9.50

9.47

9.44

9.39

9.31

9.18

14,500

14,500

14,800

14,800

14,800

15,100

15,100

15,100

14,800

14,800

14,500

14,200

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

6.10

6.16

6.24

6.30

6.41

6.52

6.66

6.85

7.00

7.10

7.18

7.22

5,230

5,470

5,470

5,710

5,960

6,210

6,730

7,000

7,550

7,830

8,120

8,120

March 16

6.76

6.70

§.67

6.65

6.70

6.80

7.05

7.22

7.50

7.78

8.10

8.52

7,000

6,730

6,730

6,470

6,730

7,000

7,550

8,120

9,000

9,900

10,800

12,000

March 22

8.98

8.79

8.60

8.50

8.40

8.36

8.27

8.21

8.20

8.24

8.37

8.60

13,600

18,900

12,300

12,000

11,700

11,700

11,400

11,100

11,100

11,100

11,700

12,300

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

7.25

7.29

7.30

7.30

7.34

7.39

7.48

7.58

7.80

8.30

8.85

9.39

8,120

8,410

8,410

8,410

8,410

8,700

9,000

9,300

9,900

11,400

12,900

14,800

March 17

9.05

9.70

10.45

11.35

13.10

15.01

16.80

18.60

20.24

21.80

23.20

24.60

13,600

15,800

18,000

21,300

27,100

33,900

40,600

47,600

54,000

60,600

66,600

72,600

March 23

8.81

9.00

9.18

9.30

9.39

9.40

9.35

9.23

9.10

9.00

8.98

8.99

12,900

13,600

14,200

14,500

14,800

14,800

14,800

14,200

13,900

13,600

13,600

13,600

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

9.90

10.20

10". 40

10.50

10.54

10.54

10.50

10.38

10.29

10.20

10.08

9.95

16,400

17,400

18,000

18,300

18,300

18,300

18,300

18,000

17,700

17,400

17,000

16,700

March 18

26.00

27.40

28.80

30.00

30.65

30.40

29.00

27.50

25.80

24.30

22.92

21.60

78,800

85,100

91,600

97,200

100,000

99,100

92,500

85, 600

77,900

71,300

65,300

59,800

March 24

9.00

9.01

9.07

9.15

9.23

9.31

9.38

9.42

9.48

9.68

9.90

10.20

13,600

13,600

13,900

14,200

14,200

14,500

14,800

14,800

15,100

15,800

16,400

17,400

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

9.82

9.70

9.55

9.41

9.20

8.98

8.72

8.45

8.30

8.14

7.96

7.83

16,100

15,800

15,400

14,800

14,200

13,600

12,600

11,700

11,400

10,800

10,500

9,900

March 19

20.40

19.20

18.00

16.88

16.00

15.28

14.71

14.10

13.48

12.99

12.44

12.00

54,900

50,000

45,300

41,000

37,600

35,000

32,800

30,700

28,500

26,800

24,700

23,300

March 25

10.60

11.00

11.50

12.08

12.31

12.45

12.45

12.40

12.27

12.08

11.78

11.40

18,700

20,000

21,600

23,700

24,400

24,700

24,700

24,700

24,400

23,700

22,600

21,300
198 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Casselman River at Markleton, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 39°51'35", long. 79°13'40", at highway bridge at Markleton, Somerset 

County, 2 miles southwest of Casselman and 7 miles below mouth of Coxes Creek. Zero 

of gage is 1,655.29 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 382 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Braph based on two readings daily. Bage heights used to half tenths 

between 2»5 and 4.5 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-25. Defined to 4,000 second-feet by 

current-meter measurements; extended to crest stage on basis of slope-area determination of flood flow.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 35,800 second-feet 11:30 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 16.4 

feet, from flood mark).

1913-35: Discharge, 21,500 second-feet Mar. 29, 1924 (gage height, 12.17 

feet).

Mean discharge, In second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

310

300

300

310

300

290

280

870

260

250

Mar.

3,280

2,350

1,730

1,870

3,480

2,710

2,020

1,550

1,860

3,320

Apr.

870

915

915

740

780

6,060

3,090

1,660

1,370

1,870

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

245

840

240

250

300

700

600

650

600

520

Mar.

5,780

6,330

3,370

2,470

2,470

2,370

16,500

15,400

5,530

3,240

Apr.

1,660

1,420

1,260

1,010

915

740

662

625

553

485

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

480

450

420

410

700

7,240

7,970

4,510

3,280

1,127

3.18

Mar.

2,580

2,130

2,380

3,580

4,840

2,530

2,900

2,020

1,540

1,210

1,060

3,671

11.08

Apr.

422

454

422

365

315

315

294

315

294

273

1,036

3.02

Page height, in feet, and discharge, In second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

i,

o

a

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

4.50

4.48

4.46

4,44

4.40

4.35

4.30

4.25

4.22

4.25

4.28

4.32

1,730

1,730

1,660

1,660

1,600

1,540

1,480

1,420

^,370

1,420

1,480

1,480

March 14

5.08

4.98

4.94

4.92:

4.90

4.92

4.96

5.00

5.02

5.02

5.01

5.00

2,530

2,530

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

March 20

5.. 62

5.53

5.47

5.41

5.39

5.36

5.34

5.31

5.29

5.28

5.26

5.23

3,680

3,480

3,480

3,280

3,280

3,280

3,090

3,090

3,090

3,090

3,090

2,900

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

4.38

4.45

4.64

4.60

4.62

4.58

4.54

4.48

4.44

4.56

4.77

4.97

1,600

1,660

1,730

1,870

1,870

1,870

1,730

1,730

1,660

1,870

2,180

2,530

March 15

5.00

4.99

4.99

4.98

4.98

4.97

4.96

4.95

4.94

4.93

4.92

4.90

2,530

2,530

2,630

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

8,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

March 21

5.21

5.19

5.18

5.14

5.10

5.07

5.02

4.99

4.94

4.90

4.84

4.80

2,900

2,900

2,900

2,710

2,710

2,710

2,530

2,530

2,350

2,350

2,180

2,180

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

5.18

5.36

5.50

5.54

5.52

5.48

5.42

5.38

5.36

5.38

5.40

5.43

2,900

3,280

3,480

3,480

3,480

3,480

3,280

3,280

3,280

3,280

3,280

3,280

Maroh 16

4.89

4.88

4.87

4.86

4.87

4.88

4.89

4.90

4.90

4.91

4.92

4.97

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

2,350

8,350

2,350

2,350

2,530

March 22

4.75

4.70

4.67

4.66

4.67

4.70

4.72

4.76

4.80

4.85

4.90

4.94

2,180

2,020

2,020

2,020

8,020

2,020

2,020

2,180

2,180

2,180

2,350

2,350

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

5.50

5.60

5.72

5.94

6.15

6.38

6.62

6.90

7.20

7.45

7.57

7.57

3,480

3,680

3,880

4,300

4,940

5,380

5,830

6,580

7,240

7,720

8,220

8,220

March 17

5.07

5.22

5.48

5.90

6.74

8.00

10.00

12.45

14.40

15.40

16.18

16.38

2,710

2,900

3,480

4,300

6,060

9,230

14,700

22,100

28,800

32,300

35,100

35,800

March 23

4.98

5.00

5.01

5.02

5.00

4.96

4.92

4.88

4.82

4.80

4.80

4.81

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,530

2,350

2,350

2,180

2,180

2,180

2,180

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

7.50

7.40

7.28

7.14

7.00

6.88

6.75

6.61

6.47

6.32

6.18

6.07

7,970

7,720

7,480

7,000

6,760

6,520

6,290

5,830

5,600

5,160

4,940

4,720

March 18

15.60

14.25

12,50

11.15

10.00

9.24

8.74

8.40

8.14

7.92

7.70

7.58

33,000

28,100

22,400

18,300

14,700

12,400

11,100

10,300

9,490

8,970

8,470

7,970

March 24

4.85

4.94

5.05

5.18

5.30

5.45

5.60

5.75

5.90

6.04

6.18

6.27

2,180

2,350

2,530

2,900

3,090

3,280

3,680

4,090

4,300

4,510

4,940

5,160

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

5.92

5.82

5.71

5.62

5.54

5.45

5.38

5.31

5.26

5.18

5.12

5.08

4,300

4,090

3,880

3,680

3,480

3,280

3,280

3,090

3,090

2,900

2,710

2,710

March 19

7.34

7.16

7.0Q

6.81

6.66

6.50

6.32

6.19

6.05

5.92

5.81

5.70

7,480

7,240

6,760

6,290

6,060

5,600

5,160

4,940

4,510

4,300

4,090

3,880

March 25

6.32

6.34

6.28

6.16

6.04

5.90

5.78

5.68

5.58

5.50

5.42

5.35

5,160

5,160

5,160

4,940

4,510

4,300

4,090

3,880

3,680

3,480

3,280

3,280

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 11:30 p.m., 16.4 ft., 35,800 sec.-ft.
OHIO RIVER BASIN 199

Big Piney Run near Salisbury, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 39°43 t 32n , long. 79°2 t 57", an eighth of a mile above little Piney Run, 

a quarter of a mile north of Maryland-Pennsylvania State line, and 2j miles southeast of Salisbury, Somerset County.

Drainage area.- 24.5 square miles.

gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-28. Defined by discharge measurements below 321 second-feet; extended to crest stage on basis of slope-area determination of flood flow; verified by computation of discharge over spillway of watersupply dam of City of Frostburg, 3 miles upstream.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, about 4,100 second-feet 2:30 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 

7.5 feet).

1932-35: Discharge, about 1,900 second-feet (revised) Mar. 14, 1933 (gage 

height, 6.1 feet).

Remarks.- Run-off not affected by artificial storage.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

18

18

17

17

17

14

13

11

11

10

Mar.

206

174

136

130

194

183

157

131

146

208

Apr.

64

59

53

44

42

254

219

160

136

114

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

10

9

9

13

29

41

39

38

37

37

Mar.

877

569

243

179

164

183

2,060

1,100

348

211

Apr.

96

83

72

59

52

43

37

32

28

25

Day

P.I

22

23

?A

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

36

36

36

35

65

380

550

370

208

73.2

3.22

Mar.

179

162

155

278

411

250

219

185

155

115

85

316

14.87

Apr.

22

23

20

17

15

16

15

16

15

14

61.5

2.80

Sage height, In feet, and discharge, In second-feet, at Indicated, time, 1956

fj

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

P

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 8

_

2.74

_

2.69

_

2.67

-

2.68

_

2.72

_

2.73

_

136

_

127

_

124

-

126

-

132

_

134

March 14

_

3.00

_

2.97

_

2.95

_

2.97

_

2.98

2.94

_

183

_

177

_

174

_

177

_

179

_

172

March 20

_

3.20

_

3.12

3.10

_

3.10

v

3.07

_

3.06

_

226

_

208

_

204

_

204

_

198

_

196

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

_

2.72

_

2.71

_

2.70

2.80

2.97

_

3.04

_

132

_

131

_

129

146

_

177

_

191

March 15

_

2.90

_

2.87

_

2.84

_

2.86

_

2.93

2.96

_

164

_

159

_

153

_

157

_

170

_

175

March 21

_

3.06

_

2.98

_

2.97

_

2.97

_

2.94

_

2.92

_

196

_

179

_

177

_

177

_

172

_

168

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

.

3.07

_

3.07

_

3.06

_

3.13

3.22

_

3.34

.

198

_

198

_

196

211

231

_

260

March 16

_

2.97

_

2.97

_

2.97

2.97

3.00

3.04

3.07

3.08

3.11

_

177

_

177

_

177

177

183

191

198

200

206

March 22

_

2.90

_

2.88

_

2.86

_

2.88

_

2.91

_

2.88

_

164

_

160

_

157

160

_

1-66

_

160

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

3.42

3.50

3.79

4.26

4.74

5,20

5.50

5.59

5.52

5.38

5.22

5.02

282

304

397

582

822

1,110

1,340

1,410

1,360

1,240

1,120

988

March 17

3.15

3.20

3.32

3.60

5.18

6.60

7.44

7.42

7.26

7.21

7.20

6.90

215

226

255

334

1,100

2,540

3,980

3,940

3,630

3,540

3,520

3,000

March 23

_

2.84

_

2.80

_

2.78

2.83

_

2.92

_

2.95

_

153

_

146

_

143

151

168

_

174

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

.

4.62

_

4.36

_

4.15

3.97

3.80

_

3.62

.

756

627

_

535

463

_

400

_

340

March 18

6.30

5.86

5.50

5.21

4.97

4.80

4.60

4.49

4.42

4.36

4.24

4.12

2,140

1,660

1,340

1,120

957

855

745

690

665

627

574

522

March 24

_

2.96

_

2.97

2.98

3.03

3.28

3.58

3.74

3.90

4.10

4.17

_

175

_

177

179

189

245

328

380

436

514

543

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

-

3.47

-

3.33

_

3.23

-

3.18

3.11

3.05

.

296

258

_

233

222

206

194

March 19

_

3.89

3.72

-

3.58

-

3.49

_

3.40

_

3.29

_

432

373

-

328

_

301

_

276

_

248

March 25

4.14

4.04

3.95

3.87

3.80

3.74

3.71

3.71

3.62

531

490

455

425

400

380

369

369

340

Supplemental records 

4,100 sec.-ft.

,- Mar. 17,1 p.m., 7.13 ft., 3,390 sec.-ft.J 2:30 p.m., 7.50 ft.
200 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, ATO UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Laurel Hill Creek at TTrsina, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 39°48'55lf , long. 79°19'40lt , at highway bridge at Ursina, Somerset

County, 2 miles above mouth. 

Drainage area.- 121 square miles. 

Gage-height Teoord.- Graph based on two readings daily. Gage heights used to half

tenths between 3.0 and 4.0 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-25. Defined below 2,500 secondfeet by current-meter measurements; extended to crest stage on basis of slope-area

determination of flood flow. 

Maxima.- 1936; Discharge, 10,300 second-feet 7 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 10.28 feet,

from flood mark).

1913-35: Discharge, 8,260 second-feet Mar. 29, 1924 (gage height, 9.30 feet).

Mean discharge, In second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

120

115

115

120

115

110

105

100

95

92

Mar.

975

740

610

578

1»120

905

675

543

637

1,100

Apr.

335

335

320

325

278

2,060

1,220

740

838

740

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

88

85

85

95

120

115

110

115

105

100

Mar.

1,830

1,960

1,160

819

675

1,030

6,980

5,280

2,210

1,160

Apr.

675

740

545

439

365

306

292

230

218

193

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in Inches ............................................

Feb.

98

97

96

96

152

3,810

4,330

1,460

1,010

457

4.08

Mar.

943

852

1,000

1,120

1,380

1,120

1,220

975

708

545

417

1,330

12.68

Apr.

158

174

162

147

128

121

121

124

110

100

418 3. as

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, In second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

SH3s

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

S

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet | Sec. ft.

March 8

3.14

3.13

3.12

3.11

3.10

3.09

3.08

3.06

3.06

3.07

3.08

3.09

578

578

545

545

545

545

545

515

515

515

545

545

March 14

3.70

3.67

3.64

3.60

3.56

3.51

3.49

3.46

3.43

3.41

3.40

3.38

940

905

905

870

838

805

805

772

772

740

740

740

March 20

4.40

4.30

4.20

4.10

4.02

3.97

3.93

3.90

3.87

3.85

3.83

3.80

1,460

1,380

1,300

1,220

1,150

1,120

1,120

1,080

1,040

1,040

1,040

1,010

Feet Sec.ft.

March 9

3.10

3.11

3.13

3.16

3.18

3.20

3.22

3.24

3.30

3.36

3.42

3.50

545

545

578

578

610

610

610

642

675

708

740

805

March 15

3.36

3.34

3.33

3.31

3.30

3.30

3.28

3.27

3.27

3.27

3.28

3.29

708

708

708

675

675

675

675

643

642

642

675

675

March 21

3.79

3.77

3.75

3.73

3.72

3.72

3.72

3.72

3.70

3.67

3.65

3.62

1,010

975

975

975

940

940

940

940

940

905

905

870

Feet Sec . ft .

March 10

3.60

3.70

3.84

3.98

4.08

4.12

4.10

4.00

3.90

3.90

3.94

4.00

870

940

1,040

1,150

1,220

1,220

1,220

1,150

1,080

1,080

1,120

1,150

Maroh 16

3.30

3.34

3.40

3.46

3.50

3.57

3.62

3.70

3.84

4.12

4.64

5.20

675

708

740

772

805

838

870

940

1,040

1,220

1,620

2,170

March 22

3.60

3.58

3.55

3.52

3.49

3.48

3.49

3.50

3.54

3.61

3.68

3.74

870

870

838

805

805

805

805

805

838

870

940

975

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

4.10

4.20

4.32

4.47

4.60

4.75

4.90

5.03

5.17

5.30

5.40

5.48

1,220

1,300

1,380

1,540

1,620

1,800

1,890

1,980

2,170

2,270

2,370

2,470

March 17

5.78

6.32

6.88

7.45

8.00

8.58

9.14

9.70

10.16

10.25

9.98

9.62

2,800

3,390

4,190

4,920

5,880

6,930

7,870

9,060

10,100

10,100

9,690

8,860

March 23

3.81

3.89

3.95

3.99

3.96

3.89

3.80

3.70

3.64

3.62

3.62

3.65

1,010

1,080

1,120

1,150

1,120

1,080

1.010

940

905

870

870

905

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

5.50

5.46

5.38

5.26

5.10

5.00

4.87

4.75

4.65

4.55

4.47

4.40

2,470

2,470

2,370

2,270

2,070

1,980

1,890

1,800

1,620

1,620

1,540

1,460

March 18

9.26

8.9O

8.54

8.16

7.88

7.57

7.30

7.02

6.80

6.58

6.39

6;20

8,260

7,490

6,750

6,220

5,710

5,230

4,770

4,330

4,050

3,780

3,520

3,270

March 24

3.70

3.74

3.80

3.83

3.88

3.93

3.97

4.00

4.05

4.11

4.18

4.25

940

975

1,010

1,040

1,080

1,120

1,120

1,150

1,150

1,220

1,300

1,300

Feet Sec.ft.

March 13

4.30

4.24

4.18

4.11

4.08

4.02

3.98

3.92

3.88

3.84

3.80

3.76

1,380

1,300

1,300

1,220

1,220

1,150

1,150

1,080

1,080

1,040

1,010

975

March 19

6.02

5.85

5.70

5.56

5.42

5.27

5.12

5.00

4.87

4.74

4.62

4.50

3,030

2,800

2,690

2,580

2,370

2,270

2,070

1,980

1,890

1,710

1,620

1,540

March 25

4.35

4.44

4.47

4.49

4.45

4.38

4.28

4.20

4.15

4.11

4.09

4.07

1,460

1,460

1,540

1,540

1,460

1,460

1,380

1,300

1,300

1,220

1,220

1,220

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 7 p.m., 10.28 ft., 10,300 sec.-ft.
OHIO RIVER BASIN 201

Turtle Creek at Trafford, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40O23 1 20", long. 79°45'511 , at highway bridge at Blackburn railroad atation, half a mile northeast of Trafford, Westmoreland County, 1-J milea above mouth

of Bruah Creek, and 7 milea above confluence with Monongahela River. Zero of gage

ia 780.27 feet above mean 3ea level. 

Drainage area.- 54.8 aquare milea. 

Gage-height record.- Graph baaed on two or more chain-gage readinga daily. Gage heights

used to half tentha between 1.5 and 3.0 feet; hundredtha below and tenths above

theae limits, 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements to 600 aecond-feetj

logarithmic extension to crest diacharge. Affected by ice Feb. 1-25.

Maxima.- 1936: Diacharge, 3,700 aecond-feet 1:15 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 7.65 feet). 

T914-35: Discharge, 4,420 second-feet Mar. 15, 1933 (gage height, 8.5 feet, from

graph based on gage readinga).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

S

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

86

85

100

120

110

102

97

93

93

91

Mar.

98

89

226

172

159

119

96

76

76

68

Apr.

97

90

76

63

60

573

224

146

124

146

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

89

86

100

160

150

145

137

128

120

116

Mar.

96

216

161

126

130

655

2,490

1,350

939

420

Apr.

146

118

108

92

85

72

63

55

48

46

Day

21

2?,

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

113

111

115

150

1,000

811

513

219

148

3.66

Mar.

355

384

450

473

310

237

393

213

161

133

112

 ZCA

7.45

Apr.

46

46

40

37

35

32

32

34

29

27

Q«Z

1.90

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

9ow

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec . ft .

March 8

1.18

1.16

1.14

1.12

1.12

1.14

1.16

1.20

1.24

1.24

1.23

1.22

76

73

70

67

67

70

73

79

86

86

84

82

March 14

1.42

1.40

1.41

1.42

1.42

1.43

1.45

1.47

1.49

1.50

1.50

1.50

119

115

117

119

119

121

126

130

134

136

136

136

March 20

2.80

2.71

2.62

2.52

2.44

2.35

2.30

2.25

2.20

2.15

2.12

2.10

573

530

488

447

428

390

371

354

336

319

302

302

Feet rsec.ft.

March 9

1.21

1.20

1.20

1.19

1.18

1.18

1.17

1.16

1.16

1.16

1.16

1.16

81

79

79

78

76

76

74

73

73

73

73

73

March 15

1.49

1.47

1.45

1.43

1.41

1.40

1.43

1.46

1.50

1.52

1.54

1.56

134

130

126

121

117

115

121

128

136

136

148

148

March 21

2.10

2.15

2.25

2.35

2.43'

2.46

2.42

2.38

2.30

2.20

2.10

2.00

302

319

354

390

428

428

408

408

371

336

302

270

Feet Sec.ft.

March 10

1.15

1.14

1.13

1.12

1.12

1.12

1.12

1.12

1.12

1.12

1.12

1.12

72

70

68

67

67

67

67

67

67

67

67

67

March 16

1.58

1.64

1.78

1.96

2.16

2.55

3.00

3.48

3.80

4.08

4.24

4.46

159

172

211

256

320

468

664

916

1,090

1,270

1,330

1,510

March 22

1.98

1.98

2.02

2.06

2.14

2.25

2.40

2.55

2.65

2.70

2.70

2.65

270

270

270

286

319

354

408

468

509

530

530

509

Feet Sec.ft.

March 11

1.12

1.13

1.14

1.15

1.17

1.21

1.25

1.32

1.40

1.47

1.54

1.64

67

68

70

72

74

81

88

100

115

130

148

172

March 17

4.70

5.00

5.60

6.04

7.00

7.60

7.60

7.08

6.30

5.80

5.30

4.70

1,630

1,810

2,230

2,510

3,220

3,700

3,700

3,300

2,720

2,370

2,020

1,630

March 23

2.55

2.45

2.40

2.38

2.38

2.41

2.45

2.49

2.53

2.57

2.61

2.65

468

428

408

408

408

408

428

447

468

468

488

509

Feet Sec.ft.

March 12

1.72

1.79

1.84

1.89

1.93

1.90

1.88

1.87

1.85

1.82

1.76

1.70

184

211

226

240

256

240

240

226

226

211

198

184

March 18

4.15

3.70

3.54

3.54

3.66

3.90

4.20

4.57

4.81

4.86

4.80

4.57

1,330

1,030

916

916

1,030

1,150

1,330

1,570

1,690

1,750

1,690

1,570

March 24

2.66

2.67

2.66

2.65

2.63

2.62

2.58

2.54

2.49

2.44

2.38

2.32

509

509

509

509

509

488

488

468

447

428

408

371

Feet Sec . ft .

March 13

1.68

1.67

1.66

1.63

1.59

1.59

1.59

1.58

1.58

1.55

1.51

1.46

184

172

172

172

159

159

159

159

159

148

136

128

March 19

4.20

3.92

3.72

3.60

3.52

3.42

3.34

3.26

3.18

3.10

3.00

2.90

1,330

1,150

1,030

972

916

862

810

810

760

711

664

618

March 25

2.29

2.26

2.22

2.17

2.13

2.11

2.08

2.05

2.02

2.00

1.98

1.96

371

354

336

319

319

302

302

286

270

270

270

254

Supplemental records.- Mar. 17, 1:15 p.m., 7.65 ft., 3,700 seo.-ft.
202 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Beaver River at Wampum, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°53'15", long. 80°20'5", at highway bridge at Wampum, Lawrence 

County. Zero of gage is 736.24 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area^- 2,255 square miles.

Page-height record.- Graph based on two or more readings daily. Gage heights used 

to half tenths between 2.5 and 4.0 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these 

limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined to 15,000 second-feet by current-meter measurements; extended logarithmically to crest stage. Affected by ice Feb. 1-4.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge. 42,500 second-feet 9:50 a.m. Mar. 25 (gage height, 19.22 

feet, from flood marks).

1914. 1932-35: Discharge, 30,800 second-feet Mar. 15, 1933 (gage height, 

16.06 feet).

Remarks.- Regulation from storage in Milton and Pymatuning Reservoirs.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

440

425

440

500

785

830

830

740

575

501

Mar.

5,830

4,410

3,760

3,760

4,580

3,450

2,580

2,390

3,680

7,390

Apr.

4,750

4,920

4,750

4,080

3,760

5,460

7,000

5,100

4,410

4,750

Day

1112-

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

435

377

439

969

1,820

2,320

1,820

1,580

1,400

1,100

Mar.

7,740

8,950

8,420

5,670

5,780

7,550

8,810

5,350

4,230

4,680

Apr.

5,280

4,750

4,750

4,080

3,300

3,000

2,580

2,190

2,060

1,940

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in Inches ............................................

Feb.

900

750

700

1,460

5,830

13,700

20,200

16,800

13,300

1.53

Mar.

4,800

4,800

8,620

24,700

40,100

33,200

22,300

12,400

7,860

5,960

5,130

4.65

Apr.

1,940

2,450

2,450

2,190

1,760

1,460

1,350

1,240

1,460

2,860

1.70

Mean gage height, in feet. 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

2.85

2.80

2.75

2.85

3.06

3.10

3.10

3.00

2.78

2.70

Mar.

6.55

5.78

5.40

5.45

5.90

5.20

4.60

4.45

5.32

7.40

Apr.

6.00

6.12

6.00

5.62

5.40

6.38

7.18

6.15

5.78

5.95

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

2.58

2.50

2.60

3.24

4.02

4.38

4.05

3.80

3.95

3.78

Mar.

7.57

8.16

7.90

6.51

6.57

7.48

8.09

6.31

5.70

5.95

Apr.

6.32

6.05

5.95

5.65

5.11

4.88

4.55

4.34

4.25

4.10

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

3.61

3.15

3.00

3.64

6.51

10.35

12.80

11.65

10.22

Mar.

6.02

6.01

7.99

14.12

18.63

16.80

13.47

9.78

7.64

6.66

6.21

Apr.

4.10

4.54

4.52

4.32

3.95

3.72

3.58

3.52

3.72

4.75

Page he-lght, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time. 1956

w

2

8

N

6

M

4

H

8

M

4

8

10

N

2

4

6

M

4

10

6

M

6

N

Feet Sec. ft.

March 15

6.29

6.46

6.56

6.68

7.00

5,280

5,640

5,830

6,020

6,600

March 16

7.15

7.50

7.76

8.00

Mar

8.20

8.35

8.40

8.35

8.30

8.20

8.04

7.44

7,000

7,600

8,200

8,600

oh 17

9,000

9,420

9,420

9,420

9,210

9,000

8,600

7,400

March 18

6.99

6.31

5.80

5.66

6,600

5,280

4,410

4,240

March 19

5.58

5.65

4,080

4,080

W

M

N

M

N

M

4

8

N

8

2

6

10

2

6

10

M

4

8

N

4

8

II

Feet

5.86

Mai

5.95

6.06

Mai

6.07

5.86

Sec. ft.

4,580

ch 20

4,750

4,920

ch 21

4,920

4,580

March 22

5.80

5.78

5.87

6.29

Mai

6.65

6.95

7.45

8.10

8.80

9.70

10.25

Mar

11.40

12.80

14.10

15.45

16.80

18.00

4,410

4,410

4,580

5,280

ch 23

5,830

6,600

7,400

8,800

10,300

12,200

13,300

ch 24

16,200

20,200

24,200

28,400

33,200

37,700

W

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

8

2

6

10

4

8

4

N

10

6

4

8

M

6

10

6

Feet Sec. ft.

March 25

18.40

18.65

18.90

19.12

19.22

19.12

18.96

18.35

39,200

40,000

41,300

42,100

42,500

42,100

41,700

39,200

March 26

17.85

17.45

17.10

16.37

15.96

Mar

14.80

13.49

11.75

Mar

10.18

9.25

9.10

8.85

Mar

8.20

7.50

7.05

36,900

35,400

34,300

31,800

30,500

ch 27

26,400

22,300

17,300

ch 28

13,300

11,100

10,900

10,300

oh 29

9,000

7,600

6,600

' w'*

M

N

N

N

M

2

10

6

M

4

ID

M

2p

II

N

M

Feet

6.99

Mar

6.60

Mar

6.20

See. ft.

6,600

ch 30

5,830

ch 31

5,100

April 1

6.06

5.82

Apr

5.82

6.02

6.31

6.22

4,920

4,410

il 2

4,410

4,750

5,280

5,100

April 3

6.18

6.08

5.80

5,100

4,920

4,410

April 4

5.60

5.54

4,080

3,920

April 5

5.33

5.50

3,600

3,920

i

N

4

6

10

4

8

N

6

8

M

4a

M

N

M

8

4

M

Feet Sec .ft.

April 6

6.00

6.801

7.00

7.20

Apr

^ 750

 1^210

6,600

7,000

117

7.21 7.000

7.18

7.20

7.20

7.00

6.70

7,000

7,000

7,000

6,600

6,020

April 8

6.45 R-460

5.87 4,580

April 9

5.78

5.85

A

4,410

4,410

n in

5.90 4.S80

5.97

6.15

4,750

5,100
OHIO RIVER BASIN 

Cormoquenessing Creek at Hazen, Pa.

203

Location.- lat. 40°49'0", long. 80°14'35", at highway bridge at Hazen, Beaver County,

half a mile above mouth of Brush Creek. Zero of gage is 852.31 feet above mean sea

level.

Drainage area.- 356 square miles. 

Sage-height "record.- Graph based on two or more readings daily. Gage heights used to

half tenths between 2.5 and 3.5 feet; hundredths "below and tenths above these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined to 4,000 second-feet by current-meter measurements;

extended logarithmically to crest stage. Affected by ice Feb. 1-26. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge. 9,560 second-feet 10-11 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 12.45

feet, from flood marks).

1915-35: Gage height, 16.66 feet June 29, 1924 (discharge not determined).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

290

280

280

320

300

280

230

200

180

170

Mar.

1,160

950

1,160

1,510

1,580

1,510

1,060

&56

756

716

Apr.

880

2,480

1,730

1,300

1,090

1,440

1,230

1,090

950

915

Day

11

12

It

14

15

16

17

18

19

 20

Feb.

170

165

250

350

550

450

320

290

260

250

Mar.

996

1,650

1,340

1,120

1,290

2,740

7,570

8,000

3,860

2,780

Apr.

845

810

740

600

600

530

496

432

348

296

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

2B

29

30

31

Feb.

240

230

240

400

1,000

3,000

6,040

2,700

1,580

2.20

Mar.

3,640

3,020

2,930

4,160

3,920

2,310

2,010

1,900

1,680

1,340

1,150

2,279

7.38

Apr.

287

311

257

226

196

181

157

162

170

170

697

2.19

Mean gage height, in feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

4.07

3.68

5.60

5.66

5.64

5.34

5.05

2.85

2.74

2.66

Mar.

5.65

5.52

5.65

4.10

4.19

4.06

3.43

3.16

3.03

2.97

Apr.

3.19

5.51

4.41

3.77

3.50

4.03

3.68

3.48

5.28

5.24

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

2.68

2.58

2.65

3.84

5.12

5.35

4.68

5.75

5.50

3.54

Mar.

5.57

4.50

3.85

5.54

5.80

5.62

10.59

10.98

6.93

5.75

Apr.

5.16

5.12

2.98

2.82

2.81

2.71

2,63

2.56

2.41

2.51

Day

21

22

25

24

25

26

27

28

29

50

51

Feb.

5.26

5.16

5.08

2.97

6.5k

10.52

9.25

5.62

4.25

Mar.

6.71

6.00

5.87

7.28

7.01

5.15

4.74

4.60

4.55

5.86

5.59

Apr.

2.29

2.34

2.22

2.14

2.05

2.00

1.91

1.95-

1.96

1.96

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956 iw

2

10

4

8

M

6

N

6

M

4

8

H

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

4

Feet Sec. ft.

March 15

3.55

3.82

3.84

3.92

4.10

Ma

4.70

5.60

6.40

7.60

Ma

8.60

9.80

11.00

11.60

12.00

12.20

12.30

12.45

12.40

1,160

1,300

1,500

1,570

1,510

rch 16

1,970

2,610

3,370

4,450

rch 17

5,440

6,650

7,970

8,630

9,080

9,320

9,440

9,560

9,560

March 18

12.35 9,560

12.28 9,440

12.16

11.96

11.76

9,320

9,080

8,850

11.48 8,520

10.62 7,420

w

M

4

8

10

M

2p

6

8

M

4

6

8

10

H

2

6

M

ID

8

H

8

Feet

8.44

Sec. ft.

5,240

March 19

7.70

6.98

6.82

6.10

4,540

3,910

5,750

5,100

March 20

5.45

5.42

5.50

6.26

Mar

7.00

7.18

7.21

7.20

7.10

6.85

6.45

6.20

2,530

2,650

2,610

3,190

oh 21

3,910

4,090

4,090

4,090

4,000

3,730

3,370

3,190

MarelL 22

6.06

5.81

3,100

2,850

March 23

5,80

5.95

2,850

3,010

I

4

8

4

8

10

H

2

8

6

M

4

8

6

N

8

8

4

8

N

Feet Sec.ft.

March 24

6.70

7.10

7,70

7.78

7.82

7.86

3,640

4,000

4,540

4,640

4,640

4,740

March 26

7.82

7.20

6.66

6.00

M&

5.46

5.12

4.86

Ma

4.74

4,640

4,090

3,640

3,010

rch 26

2,530

2,290

2,130

rch 27

1,970

March 28

4.67

4.50

1,970

1,810

March 29

4.46

4,43

4.36

1,910

1,730

1,750

i

N

8

4a

M

2

10

8

M

2

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

10

M

4

6

8

4

Feet Sec. ft.

March 50

5.82

3.76

1,300

1,300

March 31

3.68

5.48

1,230

1,090

April 1

5.39

3.20

3.11

3.22

Apr__ 

1,020

880

810

880

11 2

3.67 1.230

4.20

4.70

5.80

6.38

6.62

6.58

6.23

5.44

5.15

1,580

1,970

2,850

3,370

3,550

5,550

5,190

2,530

2,370

April 3

4.76

4.62

4.50

4.29

2,050

1,890

1,810

1,650

a

4a

6p

M

6p

M

4

10

2

6

M

4

4

4a

6p

8a

M

Feet Sec. ft.

April 4

3.98

5.65

3.51

1,440

1,160

1,090

April 5

3.52

3.58

Api__ _

1,090

1,160

"11 6

5.63 1.160

3.80

4.39

4.37

3.99

Apa

5.80

5.65

1,300

1,730

1,730

1,440

P il 7

1,300

1,160

April 8

5.57

5.44

1,160

1,060

April 9

5.30

3.26

960

915
204 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Slippery Rock Creek at Wurtemburg, Pa.

Location.- Lat. 40°51 I 40M , long. 80°14 I 35 M , at highway bridge at Wurtemburg, Lawrence

County, 1 mile upstream from mouth. Zero of gage la 812.48 feet above mean aea

level.

Drainage area.- 406 square miles. 

QaKe-helght record.- Graph baaed on two or more readings daily. Gage heights used to

half tenths between 3.5 and 4.5 feetj hundredths below and tenths above these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined to 3,500 second-feet by current-meter measurements;

extended logarithmically to crest stage. Affected by ice Feb. 1-25. 

Maxima.- 1936s Discharge, 7,100 second-feet 4-6 a.m. Mar. 25 (gage height, 9.04 feet,

from flood marks).

1912-35: Gage height, 11.8 feet, from graph based on gage readings, Dec. 14,

1927 {discharge not determined).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

300

300

290

300

370

330

310

290

250

240

Mar.

1,620

1,220

1,020

1,100

1,820

1,530

1,060

782

843

1,150

Apr,

940

1,350

1,530

1,100

902

1,180

1,260

902

790

828

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

230

230

270

350

450

400

330

310

290

280

Mar.

1,390

2,160

1,720

1,280

1,500

2,130

3,430

3,460

3,150

2,470

Apr.

865

865

755

615

512

512

512

424

377

344

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

280

270

280

400

1,500

4,240

4,800

3,170

2,020

796

2.11

Mar.

2,110

1,870

2,310

5,180

6,690

4,260

2,820

2,210

1,500

1,250

1,090

2,133

6.05

Apr.

377

486

442

355

279

257

243

220

261

265

658

1.81

Mean gage height, in feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

3.66

3.68

3.60

3.52

3.70

3.70

3.68

3.61

3.53

3.48

Mar.

4.90

4.44

4.22

4.32

5.10

4.81

4.27

3.89

3.97

4.36

Apr.

4.10

4.62

4.76

4.31

4.06

4.42

4.52

4.04

3.89

3.94

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

3.44

3.43

3.46

3.67

4.12

4.12

4.10

4.08

4.06

3.96

Mar.

4.64

5.41

4.98

4.51

4.76

5.40

6.49

6.54

6.28

5.70

Apr.

3.98

3.99

3.86

3.66

3.52

3.52

3.51

3.36

3.28

3.22

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

3.97

3.92

3.87

3.88

5.40

7.12

7.49

6.34

5.34

Mar.

5.38

5.15

5.57

7.77

8.76

6.97

6.00

5.47

4.76

4.49

4.29

Apr.

3.28

3.46

3.39

3.24

3.09

3.04

3.01

2.95

3.05

3.06

Gage height, in feet,

1

2

10

2

M

6

N

4

4

10

6

8

10

M

2

8

N

4

2

N

4

M

Feet Sec. ft.

March 15 

4.39 1,180

4.65

4.83

5.16

1,350

1,530

1,920

March 16

5.20

5.35

5.45

1,920

2,130

2,130

March 17

6.05

6.47

6.87

6.89

6.87

6.85

Mar

6.79

6.50

6.46

6.42

2,810

3,430

3,960

3,960

3,960

3,820

sh 18

3,820

3,430

3,430

3,300

March 19

6.44

6.35

6.22

5.95

3,300

3,300

3,050

2,810

w

4

8

4

6

4

8

2

8

10

2

6

2

6

6

M

4

8

N

2

6

M

Feet

and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time. 1936

Sec.ft.

March 20 

5.85 2,570

5.75

5.62

2,570

2,350

March 21

5.48

5.34

5.27

2,240

2,020

2,020

March 22

5.18

5.05

5.07

5.12

5.18

1,920

1,720

1,820

1,820

1,920

March 23

5.24

5.38

5.70

6.12

1,920

2,130

2,460

2,930

March 24

6.50

7.12

7.94

8.25

8.70

9.01

3,430

4,240

5,400

5,850

6,620

7,100

w

4

6

10

4

10

2

8

N

2

8

2

4

6

8

4

8

N

2

2

6

2

H

Feet Sec.ft.

March 25 

9.04 7,100

9.04

9.00

8.70

8.25

Mar

7.85

7.36

7.05

Mar

6.30

5.94

5.90

5.95

5.95

5.91

7,100

7,100

6,620

5,850

sh 26

5,250

4,660

4,100

sh 27

3,170

2,690

2,690

2,810

2,810

2,690

March 28

5.70

5.54

5.42

5.39

2,460

2,240

2,130

2,130

March 29

5.07

4.85

4.63

4.55

1,820

1,530

1,350

1,350

h 

gw

4

10

10

2p

6

M

8

8

4a

5p

8

M

4a

8a

M

5p

M

lp

Feet Sec.ft.

March 30 

4.48 1,260

4.55

4.41

1,350

1,180

March 31

4.28 1,100

4.22

4.15

1,020

980

April 1

4.18 1,020

4.00

Apr

4.20

4.86

4.95

4.92

865

11 2

1,020

1,620

1,720

1,620

April 3

4.88

4.82

1,620

1,530

4.58 1,350

April 4

4.22

4.14

1,020

980

April 5

4.03 902

w

4

H

5

8

10

M

2

8

5

4a

M

8

5

4

M

Feet Sec.ft.

April 6 

4.17 980

4.39

4.60

4.79

4.85

4.86

1,180

1,350

1,530

1,530

1,620

April 7

4.85

4.76

4.28

1,530

1,530

1,100

April 8

4.11

3.95

940

828

April 9

3.95

3.83

Api

3.93

3.92

828

755

 11 10

828

790
OHIO RIVER BASIN 205

Little Beaver Creek near East Liverpool, Ohio

Location.- Lat. 40°40'32", long. 80°32'23", at Grimms Bridge, 4 miles above mouth of

creek and 4 miles northeast of East Liverpool, Columbians County. Zero of gage is

702,77 feet above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 505 square miles. 

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. No record Feb. 18-22. Gage heights

given to half tenths between 4.2 and 6.5 feet? hundredths below and tenths above

these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-4, 23. Defined by current-meter measurements below 2,500 second-feet; extended parallel to previously used curve, which

was defined to about 9,000 second-feet.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 11,600 second-feet 10 p.m. Mar. 24 (gage height, 12.22 feet), 

1915-1935: Discharge, 20,000 second-feet Mar- 15, 1933 (gage height, 15.01

feet).

Highest known flood reached a gage height of approximately 20 feet.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

110

110

110

150

777

800

642

560

502

468

Mar.

1,110

900

1,140

1,280

1,510

1,110

800

708

708

777

Apr.

925

2,130

1,750

1,220

1,000

1,720

1,640

1,140

950

1,060

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

430

401

390

1,000

1,340

2,120

1,750

700

350

250

Mar.

925

1,580

1,320

925

ooo

2,400

2,830

1,820

1,890

2,040

Apr.

1,030

925

800

686

686

620

540

502

464

426

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. ...........................................

Feb.

200

200

250

727

2,360

8,920

6,680

2,860

1,720

1,307

2.79

Mar.

1,890

1,850

3,600

8,300

9,180

3,640

2,780

2,120

1,480

1,320

1,110

2,077

4.74

Apr.

404

456

422

372

323

294

264

261

288

291

1.74

Mean gage height, in feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

4.5

4.45

4.35

4.4

4.85

4.9

4.55

4.33

4.2

4.1

Mar.

5.5

5.1

5.55

5.8

6.15

5.5

4.9

4.7

4.7

4.85

Apr.

5.15

7.0

6.5

5.7

5.3

6.45

6.35

5.55

5.2

5.4

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

4.0

3.95

3.9

5.25

7.3

7.0

6.5

Mar.

5.15

6.25

5.85

5.15

5.9

7.3

7.8

6.6

6.7

6.9

Apr.

5.35

5.15

4.9

4.65

4.66

4.5

4.3

4.2

4.1

4.0

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

4.75

4.75

7.3

11.2

10.2

7.8

6.45

Mar.

6.7

6.6

8.5

10.9

11.3

8.5

7.8

7.0

6.1

5.85

5.5

Apr.

3.95

4.1

4.0

3.85

3.7

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.6

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

§

K

2

6

N

8

M

4

10

12

8

M

8

N

M

N

6

M

N

6

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 15

5.6

5.7

5.8

6.3

6.3

1,160

1,220

1,280

1,610

1,610

March 16

6.4

7.5

7.6

7.9

7.9

1,680

2,540

2,630

2,930

2,930

March 17

8.1

7.9

7.2

Max

6.4E

6.5

6.6

Mai

6.7

6.7

7.0

3,150

2,930

2,280

ch 18

1,720

 1,750

1,820

ch 19

1,890

1,890

2,120

I

N

6

M

6

N

M

N

4

8

M

2

N

6

2

6

N

8

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 20

6.8

6.7

6.9

Mar

6.9

6.7

6.5

1,960

1,8SO

2,040

oh 21

2,040

1,890

1,750

March 22

6.2

6. ,25

7.3

8.1

liar

8.2

8.0

8.8

Mar

9.9

9.9

10.6

12.1

12.2

1,540

1,580

2,360

3,150

oh 23

3,270

3,030

4,050

ch 24

5,970

5,970

7,510

11,300

11,600

K

6

N

6

M

N

4

N

2

N

N

8

4

N

N

Feet Sec.ft.

March 25

11.8

11.7

10.8

9.8

10,500

10,200

7,990

5,770

March 26

8.5 3,630

March 27

7.4

8.1

Mar

7.6

7.0

2,450

3,150

ch 28

2,630

2,120

March 29

6.1

5.9

Mar

6.0

5.85

1,480

1,340

ch 30

1,410

1,320

March 31

5.5 1,110

h

§

K

N

M

2

6

10

N

8

M

N

N

N

10

2

10

H

2

Feet Sec.ft.

April 1

5.15

5.15

925

925

April 2

5.2

6.5

7.9

7.9

7.2

7.0

950

1,750

2,930

2,930

2,280

2,120

April 3

6.45 1,720

April 4

5.6 1,160

April 5

5.3

5.2

1,000

950

April 6

5.35

6.7

6.9

6.9

1,030

1,890

2,040

2,040

t§

8

12

N

6

N

N

6

4

N

M

N

N

N

Feet

6.7

6.7

Sec.ft.

1,890

1,890

April 7

6.3

6.2

1,610

1,540

April 8

5.45 1,080

April 9

5.15

5.15

925

925

April 10

5.4

5.45

5.4

Apr

5.35

1,060

1,080

1,060

11 11

1,030

April 12

5.15 925

April 13

4.9 800
206 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Middle Island Creek at Little, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 39°28'30", long. 80°59'50", at highway bridge at Little, Tyler County. 

Zero of gage is 631.32 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 458 square miles.

gape-height record.- Gage read twice daily.

3t'age-dlacharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-2. Defined by current-meter measurements below 18,200 second-feet.

Maxima.- 1936J Discharge, 11,900 second-feet 6 p.m. Mar. 17 (gage height, 16.18 feet).

1915-22, 1928-35: Discharge, 18,200 second-feet Jan. 22, 1917 (gage height, 

22.22 feet).

Maximum known stage, about 33.5 feet during August 1875.

Remarks.- Discharge Mar. 15 to Apr. 5, Apr. 8-13 is average of discharges from morning 

and afternoon gage readings and discharge. Feb. 4, 15, Apr. 6, 7 Is from graph 

based on gage readings.

Mean discharge, In second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

180

175

174

1,700

6,600

3,940

1,920

1,540

960

890

Mar.

610

510

2,060

1,240

785

575

420

340

295

265

Apr.

525

1,360

995

662

510

8,610

5,280

1,240

802

1,390

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

715

575

290

1,690

8,600

6,130

1,760

1,100

865

1,030

Mar.

255

345

645

510

510

2,550

9,800

7,600

2,300

2,140

Apr.

1,200

1,060

802

610

510

420

360

325

365

210

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

785

645

540

390

3,850

6,510

3,120

1,540

865

4.80

Mar.

4,120

4,840

6,910

6,720

6,060

1,620

1,500

2,000

1,010

698

558

5.66

Apr.

190

220

250

240

198

182

285

225

186

156

2.39

Mean gage height, in feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

3,43

3.18

3.11

5.10

10.94

8.09

5.73

5.21

4.41

4.32

Mar.

3.91

3.76

5.88

4.75

4.13

3.83

3.59

3.46

3.37

3.31

Apr.

3.76

4.95

4.46

3.98

3.76

13.00

9.48

4.81

4.20

5.00

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

4.05

3.83

3.36

5.45

12.90

10.36

5.49

4.55

4.23

4.52

Mar.

3.29

3.47

3.97

3.75

3.73

6.27

14.08

11.83

6.21

6.01

Apr.

4.76

4.55

4.19

3.92

3.73

3.59

3.51

3.43

3.31

3.20

Day

21

22

23

24

26

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

4.13

3.95

3.81

3.53

8.01

10.80

7.19

5.23

4.25

Mar.

8.28

9.02

11.19

11.03

10.28

5.28

5.16

5.78

4.50

4.04

3.83

Apr.

3.15

3.22

3.28

3.26

3.17

3.13

3.35

3.23

3.14

3.06

Gage height, in feet,

M

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

5

8

6

1 Feet I Sec. ft.

March 16

3.83 575

8.72 4,520

March 17

11.97 7,700

16.18 11,900

March 18

14.70 10,400

8.95 4,800

March 19

6.40 2,460

6.02 2,140

March 20

6.18 2,300

5.83 1,990

March 21

7.03 2,950

9.54 5,280

1trt

9

6

7

6

7

6

7

6

8

6

8

6

Feet

and discharge, in

Sac.ft.

March 22

9.18

8.86

4,990

4,700

March 23

11.69

10.68

7,400

6,420

March 24

10.45

11.61

6,130

7,300

March 25

11.86

8.71

7,600

4,520

March 26

5.61

4.96

1,840

1,390

March 27

4.72

5.60

1,170

1,840

§

s

7

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

Feet

second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

Sec. ft.

March 28

6.29

5.28

2,380

1,620

March 29

4.65

4.36

1,100

925

March 30

4.11

3.97

750

645

March 31

3.84

3.82

575

540

April 1

3.79

3.74

540

510

April 2

4.72

5.18

1,170

1,540

k

3 

o

M

8

6

8

6

8

6

7

6

8

6

8

6

Feet Sec. ft.

April 3

4.62

4.30

1,100

890

April 4

4.05

3.92

715

610

April 5

3.77

3.74

510

510

April 6

12.94

14.76

8,600

10,500

April 7

11.43

6.46

7,100

2,540

April 8

5.04

4.58

1,390

1,100

X

8

6

8

6

8

5

7

6

7

6

Feet Sec. ft.

April 9

4.22

4.17

820

785

April 10

4.88

5.12

1,320

1,460

April 11

4.81

4.71

1,240

1,170

April 12

4.60

4.50

1,100

1,030

April 13

4.26

4.12

855

750
OHIO RIVER BASIN 2C 

Muskingum River at McConnelaville, Ohio

Location.- Lat. 39°38'40'1 , long. 81°51«0", in SEi sec. 11, T. 10 N., R. 12 W., above 

Dam. 7, at McConnelsville. Zero of gage is at elevation of crest of dam, 650.31 

feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 7,411 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for period Apr. 13-30, when 

once-daily observations on gage at Lock No. 7 were used reduced to datum of recording gage. Gage heights given to half tenths between 1.6 and 3.6 feat; hundredths 

below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Pab. 1, 2. Defined by current-meter meaaurements below 104,000 second-feet.

Maxima.- 1936s Discharge during year, 63,100 second-feet 6 to 7 a.m. Feb. 27 (gage 

height, 10.70 feet); during March floods, 49,000 second-feet Mar. 27 (gage height, 

9.0 feet.

1921-35: Discharge, 104,000 second-faet Aug. 9, 1935 (gaga height, 17.0 

feet). Flood of Mar. 27, 1913 reached a stage of 33.5 feet, present gage datum 

(discharge estimated by Zaneaville office Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, as 

270,000 second-feet).

Remarks.- Flood run-off not materially affected by artificial storage.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

2,900

3,200

3,220

3,640

3,980

4,510

5,440

5,830

5,250

4,160

Mar.

51,700

37, 600

25,000

18,200

16,500

15,400

13,800

11,300

10,100

10,800

Apr.

17, 600

18,200

20,600

18,800

16,500

25,700

31,100

27,600

23,700

22,500

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

3,640

3,200

3,060

6,890

18,000

18,800

18,200

15,900

13,800

10,400

Mar.

13,300

12,800

13,300

12,800

11,000

13,800

19,400

21,200

20,600

27,000

Apr.

20,600

19,400

17,100

15,400

12,800

11,300

9,890

B,950

8,030

7,120

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

8,260

6,670

5,640

5,640

13,700

34,800

59,900

59,100

56,700

2.03

Mar.

31,100

33,300

31,100

32,500

41,800

44,500

47,200

45,400

35,600

26,300

21,200

3.84

Apr.

6,670

6,670

6,240

6,240

5,830

5,060

4,690

4,330

4,330

4,330

2.04

Mean gage height, in feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

56'

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1.6

1.56

1.56

1.7

1.8

1.95

2.2

2.3

2.15

1.85

Mar.

9.3

7.7

5.9

4.8

4.5

4.3

4.0

3.5

3.25

3.4

Apr.

4.7

4.8

5.2

4.9

4.5

6.0

6.8

6.3

5.7

5.5

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1.7

1.55

1.5

2.5

4.7

4.9

4.8

4.4

4.0

3.3

Mar.

3.9

3.8

3.9

3.8

3.45

4.0

5.0

5.3

5.2

6.2

Apr.

5.2

5.0

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

2.85

2.5

2.25

2.25

3.9

7.3

10.3

10.2

9.9

Mar.

- 6.8

7.1

6.8

7.0

8.2

8.5

8.8

8.6

7.4

6.1

5.3

Apr.

Page height, in feet, and dlacharge, In aeeond-feet, at indicated time, 1936

W

2

N

M

N

M

N

N

6

M

N

M

N

4

M

N

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

3.35

4.1

4.6

10,600

14,300

17,100

March 17

5.1

5.3

Mar

5.3

20,000

21,200

ch 18

21,200

March 19

5.1

5.2

5.7

Marc

6.2

6.6

Marc

6.7

6.7

7.1

20,000

20,600

23,700

h 20

27,000

29,600

,h 21

30,300

30,300

33,300

March 22

7.0

6.9

32,500

31,800

M

N

M

6

N

M

8

N

M

N

M

4

N

6

M

N

M

Feet See.ft.

March 23

6.7

6.7

Mar

6.7

6.6

7.7

Mar

8.2

8.3

8.5

Mar

8.5

8.4

Mar

8.4

8.9

9.0

8.9

30,300

30,300

oh 24

30,300

31,800

37,900

ch 25

41,800

42,700

44,500

ch 26

44,500

43,600

ch 27

43,600

48,100

49,000

48,100

March 28

8.6

8.0

45,400

40,200

h 

W

N

M

N

M

N

M

N

H

8

N

6

M

N

M

N

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 29

7.4

6.7

Mai

6.1

5.6

Mai

5.3

5.0

35,600

30,300

'Ch 30

26,300

23,100

-ch 31

21,200

19,400

April 1

4.7

4.4

17,600

15,900

April 2

4.4

4.7

5.0

5.2

15,900

17,600

19,400

20,600

April 3

5.2

5.1

20,600

20,000

April 4

4.9

4.7

18,800

17,600

fc pi 

o W

N

8

M

8

N

4

M

8

N

H

N

M

N

6

N

Feet Sec.ft.

April 5

4.4

4.3

4.8

15,900

15,400

18,200

April 6

5.9

6.1

6.2

6.7

Ap

7.0

7.0

6.6

25,000

26,300

27,000

30,300

ril 7

32,500

32,500

29,600

April 8

6.3

6.0

27,600

25,700

April 9

5.7

5.6

23,700

23,100

April 10

5.5 22,500

April 11

1W

N

N

Feet Sec.ft.

5.2 20,600

April 12

5.0 19,400
FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AHD UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

little Eanawha River at Grants ville, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°55'2011 , long. Sl^'SO", at Grantsville, Calhoun County.

Drainage are a . - 913 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage -discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 18,300 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area method. 

Maxima . - 1936: Discharge during year, 25,600 second-feet 8 p.m. Apr. 6 (gage height,

31.85 feet); during March, 25,600 second-feet midnight Mar. 17-18 (gage height, 

31.75 feet).

feet ) .

1928-35J Discharge, 31,900 second-feet Jan. 30, 1932 (gage height, 35.82

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1,190

945

786

3,740

10,900

5,140

2,140

1,370

1,250

1,140

Mar.

945

862

1,430

1,490

1,110

890

710

612

532

488

Apr.

1,110

2,150

2,770

1,700

1,580

17,100

16,500

4,330

2,490

4,010

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

918

710

612

7,860

21,400

11,200

4,250

4,330

3,210

2,140

Mar.

468

835

1,430

1,250

1,220

2,120

16,500

21,600

8,000

4,650

Apr.

3,050

2,910

2,420

1,820

1,430

1,190

1,030

785

660

568

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

1,700

1,280

918

1,110

2,980

3,130

2,210

1,670

1,190

4 k 13

Mar.

10,400

14,200

16,100

18,100

21,400

8,720

4,410

4,490

2,700

1,880

1,400

6.96

Apr.

480

563

612

514

436

388

376

373

338

303

2 A Q-Z

3.05

lie an g

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

9.63

9.20

8.90

12.68

20.98

15.00

11.18

9.96

9.75

9.53

Mar.

9.22

9.03

10.05

10.17

9.50

9.09

8.77

8.53

8.37

8.27

Apr.

9.52

11.11

12.12

10.52

10.28

26.01

25.24

14.06

11.72

13.70

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

age height, in feet, 1936

Feb.

9.17

8.74

8.57

17.35

29.00

21.02

13.98

14.34

12.67

11.25

Mar.

8,22

9.00

10.04

9.73

9.70

10.90

25.60

29.06

18.28

14.48

Apr.

12.46

12.32

11.64

10.73

10.07

9.65

9.35

8.90

8.65

8.43

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

10.48

9.78

9.17

9.49

12.45

12.59

11.26

10.43

9.64

Mar.

20.40

23.77

25.34

26.66

29.01

18.52

14.19

14.26

12.03

10.82

10.04

Apr.

8.25

8.44

8.57

8.33

8.14

8.02

7.99

7.98

7.88

7.78

Gage height, in feet,

w

2

10

N

4

8

M

4

8

H

4

8

M

4

8

H

4

8

M

4

8

H

4

8

M

4

H

8

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

9.75

9.75

9.85

10.60

12.90

15.40

Mar

18.70

23.20

27.20

29.70

31.20

31.75

llfn-p

31.50

30.70

29.60

28.20

26.40

24.20

Mar

21.60

19.30

17.40

16.20

15.50

15.10

1,250

1,250

1,250

1,760

3,370

5,370

ch 17

8,400

13,400

18,800

22,400

24,700

25,600

ch 18

25,200

24,000

22,300

20,200

17,700

14,700

ch 19

11,600

9,030

7,160

6,080

5,450

5,130

March 20

14.80

14.40

14.10

14.50

4,890

4,570

4,330

4,650

W

4

8

H

4

8

H

2

4

8

H

4

6

8

M

4

8

10

H

4

8

M

8

H

8

M

4

8

H

4

Feet

and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

Sec.ft.

March 21

16.30

18.70

21.00

22.60

24.10

24.90

Marc

25.05

25.05

24.50

23.30

22.35

22.40

22.85

24.25

6,170

8,400

10 , 900

12,700

14,500

15,600

h 22

15,700

15,700

15,100

13,600

12,500

12,500

13,000

14,700

March 23

25.50

26.13

26.13

25.96

25.20

24.75

24.75

Marc

25.45

25.85

28.85

30.10

Marc

30.50

30.15

29.50

28.60

16,400

17,200

17,200

17,100

16,000

15,400

15,400

h 24

16,300

16,800

21,100

23,100

h 25

23,600

23,200

22,200

20,800

W

8

M

4

8

H

4

8

M

4

8

H

8

M

2

4

8

H

8

4

H

8

4

H

8

4

H

Feet

27.40

25.70

Ma

23.40

20.60

17.90

15.30

14.20

13.75

Ma

13.52

13,65

14.00

14.95

15.25

Sec.ft.

19,100

16,700

rch 26

13,700

10,500

7,610

5,290

4,410

4,090

rch 27

3,850

3,930

4,250

5,050

5,210

March 28

15.27

15.20

14.90

14.35

13.30

5,290

5,210

4,970

4,570

3,690

March 29

12.60

12.00

11.50

3,130

2,700

2,350

March 30

11.15

10.80

10.48

2,140

1,880

1,700

March 31

10.25

10.02

1,550

1,400

W

8

4

H

8

4

8

H

4

8

](

4

H

8

4

H

8

4

H

4

8

M

4

8

H

4

8

Feet

9.84

Sec.ft.

1,310

April 1

9.65

9.48

9.40

Apr

9.42

9.85

11.03

12.10

12.97

13.18

1,190

1,110

1,060

11 2

1,060

1,310

2,000

2,770

3,450

3,610

April 3

12.97

12.08

11.32

3,450

2,770

2,210

April 4

10.85

10.50

10.20

1,880

1,700

1,520

April 5

10.00

9.86

9.88

10.57

12.80

1,400

1,310

1,340

1,760

3,290

April 6

18.10

24.50

28.60

31.00

31.85

7,800

15,100

20,800

24,400

25,600

1 W

M

4

8

H

4

8

M

4

H

8

4

H

4

8

4

H

8

4

H

8

4

H

8

H

Feet

31.25

Sec.ft.

24,700

April 7

29.90

28.00

25.70

23.00

20.30

17.80

22,800

19, 900

16,700

13,200

10,100

7,520

April 8

15.90

13.60

12.45

5,810

3,930

2,980

April 9

11.65

11.25

11.45

12.10

Ap

13.60

14.15

13.50

2,420

2,140

2,280

2,770

ril 10

3,930

4,410

3,850

April 11

12.92

12.35

12.25

Ap

12.42

12.35

12.15

Ap

11.65

3,370

2,980

2,840

ril 12

2,980

2,980

2,840

ril 13

2,420
OHIO RIVER BASIN 209

Hocking River at Athens, Ohio

Location.- Lat. 39°19'45", long. 82°5'1711 , at Mill Street Bridge, three-quarters of a

mile east of business section of Athens, Athens County. Zero of gage is 615.59 feet

above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 944 square miles. 

Sage-height rlTcord.- Water-stage recorder graph. No record Feb. 1-3, 6-8, 18-23. Gage

heights given to half tenths between 4.2 and 5.6 feet} hundredths below and tenths

above these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 9-11, 16, 17. Defined by current-meter

measurements below 16,200 second-feet. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge during year, 13,100 second-feet 10-11 a.m. Apr. 7 (gage height,

17.96 feet)j during. March, 7,410 second-feet midnight to 4 p.m. Mar. 22 (gage height,

1915-35: Discharge observed, 25,000 second-feet Apr. 16, 1922 (gage height, 

21.8 feet).

Maximum known stage, 26.7 feet in January 1907, from high-water mark. 

Remarks.- Flood run-off not materially modified by artificial storage.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

180

190

550

1,470

2,250

1,700

1,500

1,000

700

660

Mar.

1,970

1,710

2,420

1,900

1,550

1,520

1,120

1,050

995

962

Apr.

1,480

1,970

2,250

1,520

1,510

9,250

12,100

6,560

2,720

5,600

Day

11

12

15

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

580

575

575

2,040

7,570

7,000

5,500

1,600

700

450

Mar.

898

898

865

774

722

2,290

6,740

5,650

3,930

5,940

Apr.

2,880

2,560

2,250

1,710

1,450

1,290

1,120

1,050

930

865

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

P.7

28

29

50

51

Feb.

560

450

750

2,500

4,440

7,010

9,820

8,450

5,280

2,449

2.79

Mar.

6,750

7,410

5,680

6,550

4,540

2,620

4,040

5,050

2,880

1,840

1,580

2,986

3.64

Apr.

800

898

865

780

709

664

624

618

618

605

2.59

Mean gage height, in feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

_

-

-

5.25

6.45

-

-

-

4.17

4.20

Mar.

6.0

5.6

6.7

5.9

5.55

5.0

4.7

4.55

4.5

4.45

Apr.

5.25

6.0

6.4

5.5

5.2

15.5

17.5

12.5

7.2

8.5

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

4.01

5.85

5.85

6.1

13.8

16.0

14.2

_

_

-

Mar.

4.35

4.35

4.5

4.16

4.08

6.5

15.5

11.7

9.0

12.1

Apr.

7.4

6.6

6.4

5.6

5.2

4.95

4.7

4.55

4.4

4.3

Day

21

22

25

24

25

26

27

28

29

50

51

Feb.

_

_

_

6.5

9.8

15.7

16.2

15.0

8.0

Mar.

15.5

14.2

11.7

9.7

9.9

7.0

9.2

10.7

7.4

5.8

5.4

Apr.

4.2

4.55

4.5

4.17

4.05

5.99

5.95

5.92

5.92

5.90

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

W

2

6

N

M

N

4

M

2

N

M

N

M

N

6

M

N

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16-

4.1

4.25

5.9

10.8

Mai

15.6

15.9

15.4

755

832

1,900

5,090

'Oh 17

6,940

7,160

6,800

March 18

13.2

11.7

9.7

6,660

5,680

4,580

March 19

8.2

10.9

5,400

5,160

March 20

12.1

12.2

12.5

Ma

13.1

14.2

5,940

6,000

6,200

fch 21

6,590

7,410

W

N

4

M

N

M

8

N

M

4

N

M

N

10

M

6

N

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 22

14.2

14.2

13.6

7,410

7,410

6,940

March 25

11.8

9.5

5,740

4,240

March 24

8.9

9.2

11.0

5,860

4,050

5,220

March 25

11.0

10.1

8.2

Mar

6.9

6.4

6.6

5,220

4,640

5,400

oh 26

2,560

2,230

2,360

March 27

7.6

9.2

11.6

5,010

4,050

5,610

V§

4

8

N

M

6

N

6

M

N

M

6

M

6

N

6

M

N

Feet Sec.ft.

March 28

11.7

11.5

10.8

9.1

Mai

8.2

7.2

6.6

6.5

Mai

5.8

5.5

5,680

5,540

5,090

5,980

oh 29

5,400

2,750

2,560

2,160

 ch 50

1,840

1,640

March 51

5.4

5.5

1,580

1,520

April 1

5.2

5.1

5.2

5.9

1,450

1,580

1,450

1,900

April 2

6.0 1,970

t§

6

M

6

N

M

N

M

N

6

M

4

N

M

LO

N

6

M

Feet

6.0

6.6

Sec.ft.

1,970

2,560

April 5

6.9

6.6

5.6

Ap

5.2

5.0

Ap

4.9

5.1

8.9

Ap

13.2

16.5

17.4

2,560

2,360

1,710

fil 4

1,450

1,320

ril 5

1,260

1,580

3,860

ril 6

6,660

10,500

11,900

April 7

18.0

17.9

17.4

16.5

13,100

12,900

11,900

10, 500

r*n 

I

N

6

M

N

2

6

M

8

N

M

N

M

N

M

Feet Sec.ft.

April 8

13.0

10.0

7.9

6,520

4,570

5,200

April 9

7.1

7.0

6.8

8.2

2,680

2,620

2,490

5,400

April 10

8.7

8.6

8.1

5,720

3,660

5,540

April 11

7.4

6.8

2,880

2,490

April 12

6.5

6.7

2,300

2,420
210 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Kanawha River at Kanawha Palls, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 380 8'2o", long. 81°12 I 45n , three-quarters of a mile below Kanawha Palls, 

Fayette County, and. 2 milea below Gauley Bridge. Zero of gage is 622.78 feet above 

mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 8,376 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge reTatlon.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 150,000 secondfeet; extended to 160,000 second-feet by velocity-area method.

Maxima.- 1936s Discharge, 150,000 second-feet 12:45 p.m. Mar. 18 (gage height, 20.52

1877-19358 Discharge, about 270,000second-feet Sept. 14, 1878 (gage height, 

37.8 feet, former site and present datum).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

6,860

7,180

7,520

10,800

22,400

24,900

23,000

19,500

15,100

14,100

Mar.

20,000

16,700

15,600

14,600

13,600

13 , 600

13,200

11,800

11,000

10,100

Apr.

24,300

21,200

27,400

30,000

24,900

57,000

89,400

65,100

40,100

35,900

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

11,800

9,670

9,480

33,200

126,000

95,700

58,100

52,200

49,100

35,200

Mar.

10,200

11,000

13,600

13,600

13,600

15,100

58,000

142,000

86,100

53,800

Apr.

40,800

37,300

31,900

26,800

22,400

19,500

16,700

15,100

12,700

11,800

Day

21

P.?.

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , In inches . ...........................................

Feb.

26,800

21,200

16,700

15,100

14,100

18, 900

31,200

33 , 800

26,100

28,820

3.71

Mar.

57,200

58,100

56,400

75,900

78,600

60,600

53,000

58,100

53,000

40,100

30,000

38,010

5.23

Apr.

11,000

10,600

9,860

9,860

9,480

8,920

8,560

8,200

7,690

7,520

24,730

3.30

Mean gage height, in feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

2.23

2.34

2.44

3.34

5.64

5.98

5.74

5.07

4.32

4.14

Mar,

B-.18

4.61

4.39

4.23

4.01

4.01

3.88

3.63

3.41

3.15

Apr.

5.93

5.43

6.42

6.77

6.02

10.26

14.07

11.36

8.28

7.69

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

3.62

3.04

3.02

6.82

18.02

14.75

10.59

9.91

9.54

7.63

Mar.

3.18

3.39

3.98

4.05

4.04

4.26

9.74

19.55

13.65

10.07

Apr.

8.45

7.89

7.13

6.32

5.63

5.12

4.55

4.28

3.82

3.63

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

6.32

5.39

4.65

4.28

4.09

5.02

6.95

7.44

6.22

Mar.

10.47

10.59

10.43

12.60

12.92

10.92

10.05

10.59

9.98

8.28

6.84

Apr.

3.41

3.27

3.11

3.12

3.01

2.86

2.75

2.63

2.51

2.46

Qage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

I

4

N

8

2

6

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

4

8

N

4

8

Feet Sec. ft.

March 16

4.25

4.15

4.35

14^,600

14,600

15,600

March 17

4.45

4.65

5.50

6.40

8.70

14.30

16.50

17.60

18.00

18.20

15,600

16,700

21,800

27,400

43,000

91,200

111,000

122,000

126,000

128,000

March 18

18.50

18.90

19.40

19.90

20.30

20.50

20.50

20.20

19.90

19.40

18.90

18.20

Mar

16.50

14.50

13.20

12.10

11.20

130,000

134,000

140,000

144,000

148,000

150,000

150,000

148,000

144,000

140,000

134,000

128,000

oh 19

111,000

93,000

81,300

71,400

63,300

fn

,1

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

B

6

M

2

4

8

N

Feet Sec. ft.

10.70 59,000

March 20

10.40 56,400

10.00 53,000

9.65 49,800

9.95 53,000

March 21

10.40 56,400

10.50 57,200

10.60 58,100

10.80 59,800

March 22

10.90 60,600

10.50 57,200

10.30 55,600

10.50 57,200

March 23

10.30 55,600

10.20 54,700

10.50 57,200

11.30 64,200

March 24

11.70 67,800

12,30 73,200

13.60 84,900

14.20 90,300

March 25

14.30 91,200

14.20 90,300

13.70 85,800

12.90 78,600

I

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

4

N

8

6

N

8

6

N

8

Feet

11.90

11.50

Sec. ft.

69,600

66,000

March 26

11.60

11.10

10,30

9.90

Ma

9.85

10.10

10.20

10.30

66,900

62,400

55,600

52,200

rch 27

51,400

53,800

54,700

55,600

March 28

10.40

10.70

10.80

10.60

Ma

10.40

10.00

9.55

MaJ

8.70

8.25

7.70

Ma.

7.13

6w81

6.45

56,400

59,000

59,800

58,100

rch 29

56,400

53,000

49,800

t-ch 30

43,000

39,400

35,900

rch 31

31,900

30,000

27,400

!

4

N

8

4

N

6

4

N

8

2

N

8

4

N

6

M

4

8

N

4

6

8

10

2

Feet Sec. ft.

April 1

6.22

5.93

5.56

26,100

24,300

22,400

April 2

5.48

5.38

5.35

21,800

21,200

21,200

April 3

5.92

6.45

6.91

24,300

27,400

30,600

April 4

7.10

6.73

6.52

31,900

29,300

28,000

April 5

6.22

5.95

5.88

5.92

Apr

6.18

8.45

10.80

12.50

13.53

13.76

13.69

26,100

24,900

24,300

24,300

il 6

26,100

40,800

59,800

75,000

84,000

86,700

85,800

April 7

13.10 80,400

1

4

6

8

10

N

4

6

8

M

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

N

H

Feet

13.30

13.90

14.40

14.60

14.68

14.69

14.58

14.35

13.69

Seo.ft.

82,200

87, 600

92,100

99,900

94,800

94,800

93,900

92,100

85,800

April 8

12.90

11.25

9.90

78,600

63,300

52,200

April 9

8.89

8.13

7.73

44,600

38,700

35,900

April 10

7.54

7.57

7.90

34,500

35,200

37,300

April 11

8.39

8.55

8.43

40,800

42,300

40,800

April 12

7.89 37,300

April 13

7.13 31,900
OHIO RIVER BASIN 211 

Greenbrier River at Alderson, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°43'50", long. SO^S'SO", 400 feet above highway bridge at Alderson,

Monroe County, and half a mile above mouth of Muddy Greek. Zero of gage is 1,528.97

feet above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 1,357 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 21,500 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by Ayd method.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 60,500 second-feet 4 a.m. Mar. 18 (j*age height, 18.60 feet). 

1895-1906, 1907-35! Discharge, 77,500 second-feet (revised) Mar. 13. 14,

1918 (gage height, 22.0 feet). 

Remarks.- Hourly discharge averaged Feb. 14,26, Mar. 15-31, Apr. 5,6.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1,210

940

845

1,120

2,030

1,830

1,600

1,240

1,190

1,020

Mar.

4,620

3,800

3,450

3,010

2,730

2,900

2,900

2,520

2,160

1,950

Apr.

3,450

3,340

4,140

3,680

3,120

12,200

22, 300

8,780

5,600

7,640

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,100

1,230

912

14,300

28,000

17,200

9,740

12,900

9,740

5,850

Mar.

1,990

2,520

3,010

2,660

2,490

3,110

25,900

46,700

14,900

9,080

Apr.

7,380

5,980

4,860

3,910

3,230

2,790

2,360

2,030

1,770

1,580

Day

21

?.?,

23

24

25

2fi

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

4,140

3,120

2,400

2,080

2,120

6,050

13, 600

11,400

6,600

5,707

4.54

Mar.

9,470

9,280

9,880

11, 400

13,600

11,500

10,400

11,900

9,040

6,110

4,450

8,046

6.84

Apr.

1,430

1,260

1,130

1', 040

953

872

833

785

749

692

3,996

3.28

Qage height, In feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

£

m

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 14

4.05

4.03

4.01

3.98

3.96

3.94

3.92

3.89

3.87

3.85

3.83

3.82

2,900

2,900

2,790

2,750

2,710

2,664

2,620

2,560

2,520

2,480

2,440

2,420

March 20

6.65

6.60

6.5S

6.55

6.50

6.45

6.40

6.35

6.30

6.35

6.40

6.45

9,410

9,410

9,410

9,410

9,090

8,780

8,780

8,780

8,480

8,780

8,780

8,780

March 26

7.90

7.65

7.55

7.30

7.15

7.00

6.90

6.85

6.80

6.80

6.80

6.75

13,900

12,900

12,900

11,800

11,400

10,800

10,400

10,100

10, 100

10,100

10,100

10, 100

Feet Sec.ft.

March 15

3.80

3.79

3.79

3.79

3.80

3.82

3.83

3.87

3.90

3.93

3.97

3.98

2,380

2,360

2,360

2,360

2,380

2,420

2,440

2,520

2,580

2,640

2,730

2,750

March 21

6.45

6.50

6.55

6.60

6.65

6.65

6.65

6.65

6.70

6.75

6.75

6.75

8,780

9,090

9,410

9,410

9,410

9,410

9,410

9,410

9,740

10,100

10,100

10,100

March 27

6.70

6.70

6.70

6.70

6.75

6.80

6.85

6.95

7.05

7.10

7.20

7.25

9,740

9,740

9,740

9,740

10,100

10,100

10,100

10,800

10,800

11,100

11,400

11,400

Feet See. ft.

March 16

4.00

4.04

4.09

4.13

4.17

4.19

4.20

4.20

4.20

4.20

4.20

4.25

2,790

2,900

3,010

3,120

3,120

3,230

3,230

3,230

3,230

3,230

3,230

3,340

March 22

6.75

6.75

6.70

6.65

6.55

6.45

6.40

6.30

6.30

6.35

6.50

6.60

10,100

10,100

9,740

9,410

9,410

8,780

8,780

8,480

8,480

8,780

9,090

9,410

March 28

7.30

7.30

7.35

7.40

7.40

7.40

7.40

7.40

7.35

7.30

7.20

7.10

11,800

11,800

12,200

12,200

12, 200

12,200

12,200

12,200

12,200

J.1,800

11,400

11,100

Feet Sec.ft.

March 17

4.45

5.00

5.65

6.25

7.10

8.90

11.50

13.70

15.60

17.10

18.00

18.40

3,800

5,100

6,600

8,190

11,100

17,500

27,600

37,200

45>900

53,200

57,600

59, 600

March 23

6.65

6.70

6.70

6.70

6.65

6.60

6.60

6.70

6.80

6.90

7.00

7.10

9,410

9,740

9,740

9,740

9,410

9,410

9,410

9,740

10,100

10,400

10,800

11,100

March 29

7.00

6.90

6.80

6.65

6.55

6.45

6.36

6.25

6.15

6.05

5.95

5.85

10,800

10,400

10,100

9,410

9,410

8,780

8,780

8,190

8,190

7,640

7,640

7,120

Feet Sec.ft.

March 18

18.55

18.60

18.50

18.10

17.50

16.80

15.80

14.60

13.20

12.00

11.10

10.40

60,500

60,500

60,000

58, 100

55, 200

51,700

46,900

41,300

34,900

29, 600

25,900

23,200

March 24

7.15

7.15

7. IB

7.10

7.05

7.02

7.02

7.10

7.25

7.40

7.45

7.50

11,400

11,400

11,400

11,100

10,800

10,800

10,800

11,100

11,400

12,200

12,200

12,500

March 30

5.75

5.70

5.60

5.50

5.45

5.40

5.30

5.25

5.20

5.15

5.10

5.00

7,120

6,860

6,600

6,350

6,220

6,100

5,850

5,720

5,600

5,480

5,350

5,100

Feet Sec.ft.

March 19

9.75

9.30

8.85

8.50

8.20

7.90

7.65

7.40

7.20

7.05

6.90

6.75

20,900

19,000

17,200

16,100

15,000

13,900

12,900

12,200

11,400

10,800

10,400

10,100

March 25

7.45

7.45

7.40

7.40

7.45

7.65

7.90

8.15

8.30

8.35

8.25

8.15

12,200

12,200

12,200

12,200

12,200

12,900

13,900

15,000

15,400

15,700

15,000

15,000

March 31

4.97

4.92

4.86

4.81

4.76

4.72

4.69

4.65

4.60

4.57

4.52

4.49

4,980

4,860

4,740

4,620

4,500

4,380

4,380

4,260

4,140

4,020

3,910

3,910
212 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Eli River at Queen Shoals, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°28'20n , long. 81°17'10" , at highway bridge at Queen Shoals, Kanawha 

"County.

Drainage area.- 1,145 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. No record Feb. 9-13.

Stage-discharge reTatlon.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 29,000 secondfeet 5 extended to peak stage by velocity-area method.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 49,200 second-feet 10 a.m. Mar. 25 (gage height, 21.25 feet).

1928-35: Discharge, about 91,300 second-feet July 5, 1932 (gage height, 29.2 

feet).

Remarks.- Gage heights Feb. 9-13 determined by comparison with other streams in the 

basin.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

706

688

682

4,030

9,000

5,660

3,590

2,190

1,760

1,500

Mar.

2,660

2,190

2,340

2,260

1,900

1,630

1,560

1,370

1,170

1,050

Apr.

2,570

2,340

2,420

2,260

2,420

17,000

16,700

8,220

5,450

5,660

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,440

1,310

1,250

5,350

19,100

12,200

6,740

6,080

5,660

4,160

Mar.

977

1,050

1,500

1,560

1,560

2,900

12,900

27,700

11,300

6,980

Apr.

5,870

5,870

5,450

4,650

3,590

2,730

2,120

1,700

1,440

1,200

Day

21

22

23

24

25

2R

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches ............................................

Feb.

3,320

2,570

1,900

1,630

1,700

1,760

4,160

5,050

3,590

3.86

Mar.

9,560

11,300

13,700

26,000

43,200

15,200

8,740

7,960

6,740

4,850

3,410

7.70

Apr.

1,030

934

856

772

694

640

616

590

565

540

3.47

Mean gage height, in f

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

5.36

5.33

5.32

7.30

10.01

8.66

7.53

6.70

6.40

6.20

Bar.

7.00

6.70

6.79

6.74

6.50

6.32

6.23

6.09

5.93

5.81

Apr.

6.96

6.80

6.85

6.74

6.83

12.60

12.61

9.73

8.49

8.62

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

6.15

6.05

6.00

8.13

13.43

11.10

9.10

8.80

8.64

7.85

Mar.

5.73

5.81

6.18

6.27

6.27

7.13

11.24

15.95

10.77

9.20

pet, 1936

Apr.

8.72

8.71

8.54

8.11

7.54

7.07

6.67

6.36

6.13

5.96

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

7.42

6.93

6.48

6.31

6.37

6.42

7.86

8.33

7.57

Bar.

10.20

10.75

11.62

15.47

19.90

12.11

9.92

9.60

9.06

8.16

7.46

Apr.

5.79

5.68

5.58

5.46

5.34

5.25

5.21

5.16

5.11

5.05

Gage

t-i

4

N

4

10

2

6

N

6

M

4

6

8

10

N

2

4

8

M

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

N

8

Feet

height, in feet,

Sec.ft.

March 16

6.63

7.20

7.42

7.62

Ma]

8.29

9.62

11.42

12.92

14.53

Ma]

16.05

16.72

17.25

17.44

17.37

16.97

16.38

14.70

13.02

Ma.

11.78

11.02

10.50

10.14

9.87

9.67

Mai

9.47

9.14

8.95

2,120

2,980

3,320

3,680

c-ch 17

5,050

7,700

13,100

17,600

22 , 600

rch 18

27,700

30,200

32,000

32 , 800

32,800

31,200

29,100

23,200

17,900

rch 19

14,300

11,900

10,400

9,280

8,740

8,220

fch 20

7,700

6,740

6,600

W

4

10

N

2

8

M

2

4

6

N

2

4

8

M

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

N

8

M

4

6

8

Feet

and discharge, in

Sec.ft.

March 21

9.33

10.22

10.38

10.45

10.92

11.11

7,220

9,560

10,100

10,100

11,600

12,200

March 22

11.16 12,500

11.16 12,500

11. Q6

10.50

10.35

10.33

10.53

12,200

10,400

10,100

9,840

10,400

11.10 12,200

March 23

11.58 13,700

11.62

11.46

11.42

11.78

12.60

13,700

13,400

13,100

14,300

16,700

March 24

13.22

14.63

18.55

19.80

Mar

20.60

20.90

21.15

18,500

22,900

37, 600

42,800

oh 25

44,600

47,800

49,200

1

10

N

2

4

8

M

4

N

8

M

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

Feet

21.25

21.20

20.80

20.20

18.30

15.80

second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

Sec.ft.

49,200

49,200

47,300

44,600

36,400

27,000

March 26

13.65

11.48

10.98

10.67

Ma]

10.32

9.80

9.59

Ma]

9.66

9.63

9.53

Ma]

9.38

9.08

8.72

19,700

13,400

11,900

11,000

rch 27

9,840

8,480

7,960

fch 28

8,220

7,960

7,700

[ eh 29

7,460

6,710

6,870

March 30

8.42

8.15

7.87

5,250

4,850

4,160

March 31

7.65

7.48

3,780

3,500

FH 

I

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

4

8

M

4

8

N

2

3

4

Feet

7.27

Sec.ft.

3,060

April 1

7.10

6.95

6.82

2,810

2,570

2,340

April 2

6.77

6.78

6.85

2,260

2,340

2,420

April 3

6.88

6.85

6.82

Apr

6.77

6.74

6.73

2,490

2,420

2,340

12. 4

2,260

2,260

2,260

April 5

6.68

6.66

6.76

7.22

7.68

Apr

9.40

12.00

14.45

16.05

15.13

15.08

2,190

2,120

2,260

2,980

3,680

il 6

7,460

14,900

22,300

24,200

24,600

24,600

I

8

3

8

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

10

2

N

6

4

N

8

N

N

Feet

14.24

Sec.ft.

21,600

April 7

13.15

13.37

13.05

11.62

18,500

19,100

17,900

13,700

April 8

10.40

9.67

9.10

Api

8.66

8.37

8.45

Api

8.60

8.60

8.60

Api

8.75

8.70

8.73

10,100

8,220

6,740

 il 9

5,660

5,260

5,250

 il 10

5,660

5,660

5,660

 il 11

6,080

5,870

5,870

April 12

8.71

Api

8.54

5,870

il 13

5,450
OHIO RIVER BASIH 213 

Coal River at Ashford, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 38°10 F 45n , long. 81°42 F 40n , at highway bridge at Ashford, Boone County.

Drainage area.- 393 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Gage read twice daily.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 9,000 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by averaging discharges obtained from extensions by 

logarithmic and Av5 methods; verified by a velocity-area study at gage.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge during year, 17,800 second-feet 5 p.m. Apr. 6 (gage height, 

18.70 feet); during March, 5,810 second-feet 5 p.m. Mar. 24 (gage height, 8.44 feet).

1908-16, 1930-35: Discharge, about 40,700 second-feet Aug. 9, 1916 (gage 

height, 36.3 feet, former site and datum).

Remarks.- Discharge Mar. 16 to Apr. 4, Apr. 8-13 is average of discharges from morning 

and afternoon gage readings, and discharge Apr. 5-7 is from graph based on gage readings.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

200

186

208

750

4,040

1,540

930

590

485

420

Mar.

420

390

379

340

305

272

244

216

204

176

Apr.

520

485

468

450

590

11,800

5,810

1,960

1,200

1,330

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

362

280

320

840

5,810

2,890

1,540

1,850

1,540

1,030

Mar.

186

186

186

179

168

198

2,270

3,000

1,850

3,200

Apr.

1,330

1,340

1,010

670

490

400

400

350

272

194

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off , in inches ............................................

Feb.

710

520

390

368

368

420

555

555

485

2.86

Mar.

4,560

4,240

4,760

5,240

4,300

2,160

1,490

1,380

1,160

818

630

4.27

Apr.

226

218

194

184

168

157

157

151

136

129

3.10

Mean gage height, in feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

2.60

2.56

2.62

3.50

6.68

4.34

3.69

3.31

3.15

3.04

Mar.

3.06

3.00

2.98

2.91

2.84

2.77

2.71

2.64

2.61

2.53

Apr.

3.18

3.14

3.13

3.11

3.30

13.70

8.40

4.66

3.99

4.08

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

2.95

2.79

2.87

3.62

8.36

5.60

4.34

4.57

4.28

3.82

Mar.

2.56

2.56

2.56

2.54

2.51

2.59

5.02

5.72

4.60

5.88

Apr.

4.12

4.10

3.79

3.40

3.17

3.02

3.01

2.91

2.75

2.55

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

3.43

3.19

3.01

2.96

2.96

3.03

3.23

3.25

3.16

Mar.

7.21

6.90

7.37

7.89

6.97

4.91

4.27

4.15

3.93

3.59

3.34

Apr.

2.64

2.62

2.55

2.52

2.47

2.43

2.43

2.41

2.35

2.32

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

oW

8

5

8

5

8

8

5

8

5

8

5

Feet Sec. ft.

March 16

2.52

2.66

172

224

March 17

4.30

5.74

1,540

3,000

March 18

6.04

5.40

3,310

2,690

March 19

4.62

4.58

Mar

5.98

5.78

Mar

7.14

7.28

1,850

1,850

oh 20

3,510

3,100

ch 21

4,450

4,-660

o

H

8

6

8

5

8

5

8

5

8

6

8

5

Feet See. ft.

March 22

7.28

6.52

4,660

3,830

March 25

7.66

7.08

5,080

4,450

March 24

7.34

8.44

4,660

5,810

March 25

7.52

6.42

Mar

5.18

4.64

Max

4.30

4.24

4,870

3,730

ch 26

2,480

1,850

ch 27

1,540

1,440

iw

8

4

8

6

8

5

8

6

8

5

8

5

Feet Sec. ft.

March 28

4.18

4.12

1,440

1,330

March 29

4.00

3.86

1,230

1,080

March 50

3.66

3.52

885

750

March 31

3.40

3.28

Apr

3.18

3.18

Apr

3.14

5.14

670

590

11 1

520

520

11 2

485

485

W

7

5

8

6

8

6

7

S

5

7

5

8

Feet Sec. ft.

April 3

3.14

3.12

485

450

April 4

3.12 450

5.10 450

April 5

5.06 420

3.28 590

April 6

10.93

16'. 86

18.69

8,580

15,600

17,800

April 7

9.22

6.74

6,670

4,040

April 8

4.96 2,270

Iw

6

8

6

10

5

9

6

8

5

a

5

Feet

4.36

Sec. ft.

1,650

April 9

3.94

4.04

1,180

1,230

April 10

4.06

4.10

1,330

1,330

April 11

4.18

4.12

1,330

1,330

April 12

4.16

4.05

1,440

1,230

April 13

3.92

3.66

1,130

885
214 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAG, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Little Coal River at Madison, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 58°4'5n , long. 81°49 I 20W , at lower highway bridge at Madison, Boone 

County.

Drainage area.- 267 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Gage read twice daily with an extra reading on April 6. No record Feb. 2-8.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 10,000 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area method.

Maxima.- 1936! Discharge during year, 20,300 second-feet 12:30 p.m. Apr. 6 (gage 

height, 17.80 feet); during March, 4,470 second-feet 6 p.m. Mar. 24 (gage height, 

7.64 feet).

1930-35! Discharge, 17,600 second-feet Mar. 12, 1935 (gage height, 16.10 

feet).

Remarks.- Discharge Feb. 2-8 determined by comparison with flow of Coal River at 

Ashford. Discharge Mar. 16 to Apr. 4, Apr. 8-13 is average of discharges from 

morning and afternoon gage readings and discharge Apr. 5-7 is from graph based on 

gage readings.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

144

150

160

500

2,000

700

450

350

257

252

Mar.

355

330

305

305

281

257

252

244

234

226

Apr.

385

385

385

385

655

10,100

2,950

1,460

1,020

1,040

Day

1]

1?.

13

14

IS

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

257

281

257

655

3,770

1,070

1,130

1,190

1,020

800

Mar.

212

201

194

186

172

188

528

1,980

1,670

2,100

Apr.

990

852

658

415

257

216

208

197

186

166

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches. . ..........................................

Feb.

415

330

305

305

281

248

305

415

415

2.57

Mar.

3,490

2,500

1,890

3,640

3,290

2,100

1,370

831

610

468

415

4.29

Apr.

153

147

138

130

122

116

112

109

105

101

3.36

Mean gage height, in feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

3.70

-

_

_

-

_

-

4.00

3.99

Mar.

4.20

4.13

4.11

4.09

4.06

4.02

3.99

3.97

3.95

3.93

Apr.

4.25

4.23

4.25

4.23

4.60

11.36

6.50

5.35

4.94

4.96

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

4.02

4.04

4.02

4.59

7.12

4.98

5.06

5.09

4.97

4.73

Mar.

3.90

3.87

3.85

3.83

3.79

3.83

4.39

5.76

5.52

5.86

Apr.

4.94

4.80

4.60

4.29

4.02

3.91

3.89

3.86

3.83

3.77

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

4.28

4.17

4.12

4.08

4.03

3.98

4.10

4.32

4.32

Mar.

6.89

6.15

5.66

7.04

6.75

5.84

5.25

4.77

4.54

4.37

4.29

Apr.

3.73

3.71

3.68

3.65

3.62

3.60

3.58

3.57

3.55

3.58

Gage height in feet,

W

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

3.76

3.90

163

212

March 17

4.08

4.70

305

750

March 18

5.82

5.70

Mar

5.52-

5.52

S,040

1,910

ch 19

1,670

1,670

March 20

5.78

5.94

Mar

6.82

6.96

2,040

2,170

eh 21

3,350

3,630

I

8

6

8

6

6

6

8

6

8

6

8

6.

Feet

and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1936

Sec.ft.

March 22

6.32

5.98

2,690

2,300

March 25

5.46

5.86

1,610

2,170

March 24

6.44

7.64

Mai

7.02

6.48

2,820

4,470

'Ch 25

3,630

2,950

March 26

6.00

5.68

Mai

5.36

5.14

2,300

1,910

'Oh 27

1,490

1,250

W

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

Feet Sec.ft.

March 28

4.90

4.64

960

702

March 29

4.60

4.48

655

565

March 50

4.40

4.54

Mar

4.50

4.28

485

450

ch 31

415

415

April 1

4.25

4.25

Apr

4.23

4.23

386

386

11 2

385

386

|

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

N

6

8

6

8

Feet Sec.ft.

April 3

4.25

4.25

586

586

April 4

4.23

4.25

586

386

April 5

4.55

4.61

Apr!

12.82

17.80

11.08

450

655

1 6

12,300

20,300

9,650

April 7

6.63

5.97

5,080

2,500

April 8

5.65 1,790

!

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

8

6

Feet

5.05

Apr 

4.97

4.91

Apr

4.99

4.93

Sec.ft.

1,130

11 9 

1,070

960

11 10

1,070

1,020

April 11

4.97

4.91

Apr

4,83

4.77

1,020

960

11 12

905

800

April 13

4.69

4.51

750

565
OHIO RIVER BASIN 215

Guyandot River at Branchland, W. Va.

'gcation.- Lat. 3 8° 13'15", long. 82° 12'10", at highway bridge at Branchland, Lincoln

 County, just below Fourmile Creek. Zero of gage is 547.91 feet above mean sea

level.

T'-ainage area.- 1,226 square miles. 

" ?ge-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for periods Feb. 1-3, .23-<ib,

when chain gage was read twice daily. 

i^age-discharge relation.,- Affected by Ice Feb. 1-4. Defined by current-meter measurementa below 28,000 aeecnd-feet. 

r*xiiaa.- 1936: Discharge during year, 29,200 second-feet 8:30 a.m. Apr. 7 (gage

 Height, 32.38 feet); during March, 14,200 second-feet 2-4 a.m. Mar. 22 (gage height, 

21.15 feet).

1915-22, 1928-35: Gage height, 39.24 feet Jan. 29, 1918 (discharge not determined).

Maximum known stage, about 44 feet, probably in 1907. 

1'emarks.- Discharge Feb. 1-4 determined by comparison with flew of Tug Fork near

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

700

700

700

4,620

12,200

10,200

4,640

2,850

2,140

1,990

Mar.

1,990

1,830

1,830

1,640

1,480

1,320

1,210

1,100

1,010

943

Apr.

2,850

2,610

2,610

3,780

3,550

14,600

26,400

12,700

6,280

5,190

Day

i:12

15

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,720

1,480

1,400

2,380

8,460

11,000

6,820

5,580

5,970

4,720

Mar.

896

857

849

849

818

1,290

3,470

7,060

8,070

10,600

Apr.

4,480

4,250

4,250

3,940

3,310

2,690

2,140

1,720

1,480

1,320

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

51

]%-n-off , in Inches. ...........................................

Feb.

3,470

2,530

2,070

1,750

1,640

1,560

1,680

1,990

2,140

3,762

3.31

Mar.

12,800

13,500

11,300

11,100

13,200

10,600

6,980

5,420

5,420

4,720

3,550

4,765

4.48

Apr.

1,170

1,050

950

857

787

710

680

650

605

576

3,940

3.58

Mean gage height, In feet, 1956

->ay

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

5.40

5.32

5.26

9.74

19.08

16.65

9.50

7.23

6.32

6.09

Mar.

6.07

5.89

5.89

5.64

5.45

5.25

5.08

4.96

4.85

4.76

Apr.

7.22

6.87

6.91

8.36

8.14

20.50

30.68

17.75

11.58

10.22

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

5.77

5.43

5.54

6.62

14.56

17.60

12.28

10.67

11.25

9.60

Mar.

4.70

4.65

4.64

4.64

4.60

5.18

7.98

12.61

13.93

17.14

Apr.

9.33

8.96

8.95

8.57

7.84

6.97

6.27

5.77

5.46

5.23

Day

21

22

23

24

26

26

27

28

29

30

51

Feb.

7.98

6.85

6.18

5.78

5.66

5.56

5.72

6.15

6.52

Mar.

19.79

20.50

18.00

17.77

20.18

17.13

12.48

10.52

10.46

9.62

8.07

Apr.

5.04

4.90

4.77

4.65

4.56

4.46

4.42

4.58

4.52

4.28

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at Indicated time, 1956

M

4

N

4

8

4

N

8

4

N

4

8

H

4

N

4

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

2

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

4.96

5.22

5.55

5.37

1,100

1,290

1,560

1,400

March 17

6.70

8.10

8.92

2,460

3,550

4,170

March 18

10,80

32.30

14.20

14.75

14.80

5,660

6,820

8,310

8,770

8,770

March 19

14.40

13.20

12.90

14.00

liar

15.85

17.40

18.30

Mar

19.00

19.50

20.90

8,460

7,530

7,290

8,150

ch 20

9,560

10,800

11,500

ch 21

12,100

12,600

13,900

March 22

21.15 14,200

M

4

N

8

4

N

6

8

4

8

10

N

4

8

4

8

N

4

8

U

4

8

N

4

8

4

N

Feet

21.15

20.70

19.80

Max

18.75

17.85

17.40

17.35

Max

17.20

17.05

17.05

17.50

18.10

18.65

Sec.ft.

14,200

15,700

12,800

ch 23

11,900

11,100

10,800

10,800

ch 24

10,600

10,500

10,500

10,900

11,400

11, 800

March 25

19.90

20.35

20.45

20.40

20.25

19.80

Max

19.15

18.S5

17.20

16.10

15.05

12,900

13,400

15,400

13,400

13,200

12,800

ch 26

12,300

11,400

10,600

9,790

8,930

March 27

13.60

12.40

7,840

6,900

W

8

4

N

8

2

N

6

M

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

, N

8

4

N

8

4

H

Feet

11.45

Max

10.80

10.45

10.25

Max

11.25

10.50

10.60

10.40

Mar

10.20

9.65

9.05

Seo.ft.

6,120

ch 28

5,650

5,340

6,190

ch 29

5,190

5,420

5,500

5,340

ch 30

5,190

4,720

4,250

March 31

8.50

8.05

7.60

3,860

3,470

3,160

April 1

7.38

7.21

7.06

3,000

2,850

2,770

April 2

7.00

6. a?

6.73

2,690

2,610

2,460

April 3

6.68

6.71

2,460

2,460

W

4

K

8

N

4

4

N

6

M

2

4

6

8

}0

N

2

4

6

8

10

M

2

4

6

8

10

N

4

Feet

6.82

7.97

Sec.ft.

2,530

3,470

April 4

8.50

8.54

8.45

3,860

5,860

5,780

April 5

7.90

7.55

8.86

8.76

5,390

3,160

4,170

4,090

April 6

9.30

13.20

16.50

17.45

19.05

21.00

22.90

24.73

26.50

27.98

29.10

30.10

4,480

7,530

10,100

10,800

12,100

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,400

22,400

24,000

25,500

April 7

30.90

31.62

32.10

32.37

33.35

32.06

30.76

26,700

27,900

28,700

29,200

30,900

28,700

26,600

w

8

K

4

N

8

It

4

8

N

4

8

M

4"

N

8

4

H

8

4

H

8

4

5

8

Feet

28.90

26.63

Sea.ft.

23,700

20,500

April 8

24.05

18.85

14.50

13.13

17,200

11,900

8,540

7,450

April 9

12.08

11.30

11.00

11.65

11.35

10.97

Apr

10.67

10.15

9.78

6,670

6,040

5,810

6,280

6,120

5,810

11 10

5,580

5,190

4,870

April 11

9.67

9.33

9.09

4,720

4,480

4,330

April 12

8.95

8.95

8.99

4,250

4,250

4,250

April 13

8.99

8.98

8.88

4,250

4,250

4,170

208 0 37 15
216 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Leviaa Pork at Paintsville, Ky.

Location.- Lat. 37°48'55", long. 82°47'30n , at highway bridge at Paintsville, Johnson

County.

Drainage area.- 2,150 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Gage read twice daily with extra readings at high stages. 

Stage-dlscharge reTation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-4. Defined by current-meter measurements below 34,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area method. 

Maxima.- 1936s Discharge during year, 45,600 second-feet 11 a.m. Apr. 7 (gage height,

33.46 feet)j during March, 36,400 second-feet 1 a.m. Mar. 26 (gage height, 29.20

feet).

1915-20, 1929-351 Discharge, about 69,000 second-feet Jan. 29, 1918 (gage

height, 40.7 feet at site at Thelma, 2 miles downstream; equivalent to about 43.9

feet at present site). 

Remarks.- Discharge Feb. 1-4 determined by comparison with flow of Tug Fork near Kennit

Mean gage height and discharge Apr. 6-8 from graph based on gage readings and shape

of graph for Tug Fork near Kermit.

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1,500

1,500

1,500

3,570

18,000

15,400

6,860

4,390

3,660

3,750

Mar.

3,840

3,750

3,750

3,660

3,300

2,940

2,750

2,670

2,400

2,310

Apr.

4,200

3,840

11,400

10,600

6,670

25,300

43,200

25,200

9,510

7,950

Day

11

12

13

14

IS

16

17in

19

20

Feb.

3,660

2,940

2,490

2,850

5,910

9,870

7,450

6,100

5,620

5,340

Mar.

2,220

2,060

1,980

1,900

1,900

2,060

7,650

15,200

15,300

19,600

Apr.

6,290

6,000

5,200

6,200

5,150

4,110

3,300

2,580

2,310

1,980

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Run-off, in inches . ...........................................

Feb.

4,680

3,750

3,030

2,580

2,400

2,220

2,670

4,110

4,300

2.46

Mar.

25,400

22,700

18,200

17 > 600

28,400

29,200

13,600

10,100

10,600

7,550

5,340

5.02

Apr.

1,740

1,580

1,440

1,370

1,160

1,040

920

860

860

860

3.53

Mean gage height, in feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

6.27

6.27

6.27

7.97

19.37

17.68

10.76

8.25

7.39

7.52

Mar.

7.64

7.52

7.54

7.36

6.97

6.62

6.38

6.28

6.04

5.86

Apr.

7.95

7.60

14.75

14.22

10.55

23.12

32.40

23.30

13.34

11.90

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

7.35

6.56

5.13

6.51

9.85

13.59

11.43

10.04

9.46

9.23

Mar.

5.75

5.63

5.52

5.41

5.36

5.55

11.55

17.50

17.55

20.35

Apr.

10.24

9.92

10.12

10.06

9.02

7.85

6.97

6.25

5.88

5.48

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

8.51

7.48

6.67

6.15

6.00

5.79

6.34

7.86

8.08

Mar.

23.70

22.16

19.50

19.10

25.30

25.70

16.40

13.83

14.17

11.52

9.22

Apr. I

5.22

4.98

4.77

4.66

4.45

4.17

4.00

3.92

3.91

3.90

Gage height, in feet

w

8

4

8

H

4

8

H

4

8

4

8

H

4

6

8

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

5.26 1,820

5.45 1,900

March 17

10.30 6,380

22.48 8,600

13.55 9,870

March 18

16.95 14,400

17.97 15,900

18.50 16,600

March 19

17.77 15,600

16.88 14,300

March 20

19.60 18,400

20.31 18,500

21.20 20,900

21.58 21,600

March 21

23.97 26,000

w

H

4

8

4

8

4

8

4

8

H

2

4

8

1

7

8

Feet

24.05

23.97

Mai

22.55

21.78

, and discharge, in second- feet, at

Sec.ft.

26,000

26, 060

-ch 22

23,400

22,000

March 23

20.03

18.98

19,000

17,400

March 24

18.70

19.32

17,000

17,900

March 25

23.44

25.85

26.95

27.55

28.68

24,800

29,800

31,800

33,100

35,400

March 26

29.20

28.30

27.86

36,400

34,500

33,500

1w

10

4

8

4

8

4

8

4

8

4

8

4

8

4

Feet

2T.15

24.32

Mar

17.00

15.32

Sec.ft.

32,200

26,500

sh 27

14,400

12,000

March 28

13.89

13.77

10,200

10,100

March 29

14.37

13.97

10,900

10,400

March 30

11.98

11.05

8,050

7,050

March 31

9.46

8.97

Apr

8.03

7.87

5,620

5,150

11 1

4,200

4,110

W

8

4

8

4

8

4

8

4

8

H

4

8

11

4

Feet

indicated time, 1936

Sec.ft.

April 2

7.35

7.84

3,660

4,020

.April 3

13.00

16.50

Apr

15.29

13.15

9,150

13,700

il 4

12,000

9,390

April 5

10.45

10.10

Apr

20.53

25.56

27.24

6,480

6,200

il 6

19,800

29,000

32,200

April 7

32.93

33.46

33.32

44,300

45,600

45,200

1

H

8

4

8

4

8

4

8

4

8

4

8

4

Feet Sec.ft.

April 8

26.03

20.72

29,800

20,100

April 9

13.32

12.90

Ap

12.29

11.52

9,510

9,040

pil 10

8,380

7,550

April 11

10.40

10.07

Ap:

10.02

9.82

6,480

6,200

'

-11 12

6,100

5,910

April 13

9.98

10.26

6,100

6,380
OHIO RIVER BASIN

Tug Pork near Kermit, W. Va.

Location.- Lat. 37°49'5", long. 82° 23 '20" , 2 miles above Wolf Creek and 3 miles above 

Kermit, Mingo County. Zero of gage is 580.36 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 1,185 square miles.

Gage-height Tecord.- Water-stage recorder graph.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 20,000 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area method.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge during year, 31,200 second-feet 12:30 a.m. Apr. 7 (gage

height, 28.28 feet); during March, 15,500 second-feet 8 a.m. to noon Mar. 25 (gage 

height, 19.05 feet).

1934-35: Discharge, 45,300 second-feet Mar. 26, 1935 (gage height, 35.75 feet), 

Maximum known stage, 46.7 feet, at site at Kermit, 4 miles downstream; equivalent to about 43.3 feet at present site (discharge not determined).

Mean discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

642

620

665

3,210

11,700

6,450

3,720

2,520

2,030

2,030

Mar.

1,580

1,440

1,360

1,260

1,130

1,030

955

880

830

780

Apr.

2,390

2,520

6,480

5,080

3,650

21,100

23,100

8,060

5,000

4,360

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

2,030

1,580

1,500

1,690

6,390

8,040

4,920

4,200

4,280

3,800

Mar.

755

732

732

732

665

665

2,570

6,640

6,550

12,200

Apr.

3,800

3,720

3,500

3,060

2,640

2,210

1,800

1,550

1,330

1,180

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

RuiL-of f , in Inches ............................................

Feb.

2,920

2,270

1,860

1,550

1,420

1,300

1,440

1,740

1,740

3,040

2.77

Mar.

13,300

12,300

9,640

9,640

14,500

8,810

5,760

5,000

5,330

4,040

3,060

4,351

4.23

Apr.

1,060

980

880

830

732

688

665

642

598

552

3,805

3.58

Mean gage height, in feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

3.13

3.09

3.22

6.89

16.24

11.41

8.31

6.55

5.84

5.85

Mar.

5.00

4.73

4.58

4.38

4.14

3.96

3.78

3.67

3.56

3.47

Apr.

6.42

6.57

11.53

9.96

8.20

21.63

23.64

13.07

9.91

9.09

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

5.80

4.99

4.83

5.21

11.22

13.25

9.75

8.88

9.01

8.35

Mar.

3.40

3.36

3.37

3.34

3.21

3.19

6.40

11.85

11.69

16.64

Apr.

8.37

8.27

7.96

7.42

6.75

6.09

5.44

4.93

4.57

4.26

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Feb.

7.18

6.22

5.47

4.94

'4.70

4.52

4.75

5.31

5.32

Mar.

17.37

16.71

14.63

14.62

18.28

13.93

10.84

9.94

10.28

8.72

7.37

Apr.

4.02

3.83

3.63

3.55

3.37

3.26

3.20

3.14

3.04

2.95

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, at indicated time, 1956

!-,

I

4

N

8

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

8

N

4

8

H

4

N

3

8

M

4

8

N

4

8

H

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

3.13

3.14

3.28

642

642

710

March 17

3.67

4.32

6.40

8.15

9.05

10.25

880

1,200

2,390

3,650

4,280

5,240

March 18

10.98

11.48

12.27

12.65

12.52

12.17

5,920

6,370

7,120

7,420

7,320

7,020

March 19

11.72

10 ..90

10.75

6,550

5,840

5,760

12.18 7,020

14.23 9,160

March 20

15.55

16.50

17.10

10,900

12,000

12,800

17.47 13,400

17.45

17.32

13,300

13,100

W

4

8

N

8

M

4

8

N

8

4

N

8

4

10

N

8

4

8

N

4

8

4

N

8

Feet Sec.ft.

March 21

17.32

17.43

17.30

17.37

17.60

13,100

13,300

13,100

13,300

13,500

March 22

17.55

17.25

16.72

15.88

13,500

13,000

12,300

11,300

March 23

15.00

14.40

14.40

10,100

9,400

9,400

March 24

13.90

13.65

13.52

16.15

Mar

18.45

19.05

19.05

18.60

17.80

Mar

15.70

13.75

12.40

8,810

8,480

8,370

11,700

ch 25

14,700

15,500

15,500

14,900

13,800

>ch 26

11,000

8,700

7,220

!-,

§

W

4

tf

8

4

N

8

M

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

M

4

N

Feet Sec.ft.

March 27

11.45

10.75

10.30

6,280

5,766

5,330

March 28

9.90

9.75

10.10

10.50

5,000

4,920

5,160

5,500

March 29

10.65

10.40

9.90

5,580

5,420

5,000

March 30

9.22

8.70

8.22

4,440

4,040

3,650

March 31

7.75

7.37

7.00

3,350

3,060

2,780

April 1

6.65

6.40

6.22

6.15

2,520

2,390

2,270

2,270

April 2

6.15

6.45

2,270

2,390

"3.

8

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

N

8

4

N

8

M

4

8

N

4

8

M

4

8

N

4

8

Feet

7.00

Sec.ft.

2,780

April 3

9.75

12.10

12.82

12.78

12.20

11.50

4,920

6,920

7,620

7,620

7,020

6,370

April 4

10.95

9.85

9.10

5,920

4,920

4,360

April 5

8.35

8.05

8.12

8.36

3,800

3,500

3,580

3,800

April 6

10.50

19.50

26.00

27.40

28.05

28.28

Ap

28.00

26.60

24.00

21,40

18.80

5,500

16,200

27,100

29,600

30,700

31,200

ril 7

30,700

28,200

23,600

19,200

15,200

§

sn

M

4

N

8

4

8

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

4

N

8

N

Feet

16.60

Sec.ft.

12,200

April 8

15.00

12.75

11.35

10,100

7,620

6,280

April 9

10.35

9.90

9.72

9.65

5,420

5,000

4,840

4,760

April 10

9.37

9.10

8.80

4,600

4,360

4,120

April 11

8.60

8.28

8.23

3,960

3,720

3,650

April 12

8.28

8.30

8.21

3,720

3,720

3,650

April 13

7.96 3,500
218 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND tJPPER OHIO RIVERS

Scloto River at Hlgby, Ohio

Location.- Lat. 39 0 12'44n , long. 82°51'551t , In sec. 6, T. 7 N., R. 20 W., at highway

bridge 1-j- miles north of Higby, Ross County, and three-quarters of a mile below

mouth of Walnut Creek. Zero of gage Is 567.635 feat above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 5,129 square miles. 

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for periods Feb. 1,2,18-22, when

the record was faulty. Gage heights given to half tenths between 2.5 and 5.3 feet}

hundredths below and tenths above these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by Ice Fab. 8-15. Defined by current-meter measurements below 88,300 second-feet. 

Maxima.- 1936i Discharge during year, 52,400 second-feet 1 to 2 a.IT. Feb. 29 (gage

height, 17.69 feet); during March floods, 26,300 second-feet 8 a.m. Mar. 27 (gage

height, 13.3 feet).

1930-35: Discharge, 94,100 second-feet May 16, 1933 (gage height, 22.20

feat).

Maximum known stage, 31.6 feet Mar. 26, 1913. 

Remarks.- Flood run-Off not materially modified by artificial storage.

Mean discharge, In second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

1,150

1,300

1,560

2,100

4,510

3,760

3,160

2,200

1,800

1,600

Mar.

29,200

15,000

10,300

8,400

7,360

6,580

5,560

4,620

4,080

3,860

Apr.

6,580

8,020

10,000

7,100

6,380

29,200

29,900

22,200

12, 600

11,400

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

1,400

1,400

1,740

8,260

17,000

20,900

16,500

9,000

7,000

4,000

Mar.

5,280

5,440

4,620

3,970

3,460

5,160

12, 400

10,300

8,050

9,400

Apr.

9,740

8,660

8,930

7,880

6,520

5,440

4,620

5,970

5,560

5,260

Day

21

22

25

24

2ft

26

27

28

29

30

51

ftun-of f , In Inches ............................................

Feb.

5,200

2,700

2,620

5,160

15,500

28, 400

41,400

49,200

49,500

10,610

2.25

Mar.

12,200

10,400

7,620

9,980

19,200

25,500

24,600

18,900

17,200

11,500

8,140

10,580

2.37

Apr.

2,970

2,970

2,880

2,620

2,540

2,380

2,240

2,240

2,240

2,700

7,718

1.67

Mean gage height, In feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Feb.

_

_

2.9

3.25

4.65

4.5

4.0

5.7

3.6

5.25

Mar.

15.8

9.0

6.9

6.2

5.8

5.5

5.1

4.7

4.45

4.35

Apr.

5.5

6.0

6.8

5.7

5.8

13.8

14.2

12.0

7.8

7.3

Day

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Feb.

5.25

5.0

3.05

6.1

10.1

11.6

9.7

_

_

_

Mar.

5.0

5.05

4.7

4.4

4.15

4.9

7.7

6.9

6.0

6.6

Apr.

6.7

6.5

6.4

6.0

5.4

5.05

4.7

4.4

4.2

4.05

Day

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

51

Feb.

_

_

3.7

4.85

9.3

15.8

16.2

17.5

17.5

Mar.

7.6

7.0

5.9

6.9

10.9

13.1

12.7

10.8

10.1

7.3

6.1

Apr.

5.9

5.9

3.85

3.7

3.65

3.55

3.45

3.45

3.45

3.75

Page height, In feet, and discharge, In second-feet, at Indicated time, 1956

1tH

4

8

N

6

M

6

N

6

M

6

N

M

N

4

M

6

N

6

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 16

4.05

4.5

4.9

5.1

6.7

Mar

7.7

8.0

7.8

7.4

Mar

7.5

7.1

6.3

Mar

5.8

5.7

6.6

Mar

6.7

6.5

6.3

7.1

5,260

4,180

5,080

5,560

9,740

ch 17

12,400

13,000

12, 600

11,600

ch 18

11,400

10,800

8,660

oh 19

7,360

7,100

9,470

ch 20

9,740

9,200

8,660

10,800

I

6

N

M

N

M

N

M

6

N

M

6

N

M

N

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 21

7.6

7.8

7.7

12,100

12,600

12,400

March 22

6.9

6.5

Mai

5.9

5.6

Mar

5.7

6.5

9.5

Mar

10.2

10.8

12.3

Mar

13.2

13.2

10,500

8,660

ch 23

7,620

6,840

ch 24

7,100

8,660

15,800

ch 25

17,300

18,800

23,100

«h 26

26, 000

26,000

§w

z

8

N

M

6

10

N

M

6

N

H

6

N

M

H

H

M

Feet Sec.ft.

March 27

13.1

13.5

13.0

11.6

Mar

10.9

10.7

10.7

10.7

Mar

10.6

10.4

8.7

Mar

7.7

7.2

6.6

25,600

26,300

25,300

20,900

ch 28

19,000

18,500

18,500

18,500

oh 29

18,300

17,800

14,400

ch 30

12,400

11,100

9,200

March 31

6.1 8,140

April 1

5.5

5.5

6,580

6,580

I

N

2

6

M

N

2

M

N

M

N

8

M

4

8

N

M

2

Feet Sec.ft.

April 2

5.7

5.9

6.6

6.9

Apj

6.9

6.9

6.3

7,100

7,620

9,470

10,300

ril 3

10,300

10,300

8,660

April 4

5.7

5.3

7,100

6,060

April 5

5.1

5.1

9.1

5,560

5,560

15,100

April 6

12.0

13.7

14.3

15.5

Ap:

15.4

22,100

27,800

30,400

36,800

'11 7

36,200

M

10

N

6

11

6

H

M

H

4

M

6

H

H

H

N

8

11

Feet

14.1

13.8

13.5

13.4

Sec.ft.

29,400

28,200

27,000

26,700

April 8

13.1

12.3

9.2

25,600

23,100

15,300

April 9

7.5

7.4

7.6

11,900

11,600

12,100

April 10

7.6

7.4

Apr

6.7

6.4

Api

6.2

6.4

6.4

12,100

11,600

11 11

9,740

8,930

11 12

8,400

8,930

8,930
OHIO RIVER BASIN 219

Little Miami River at Milford, Ohio

Location.- Lat. 39°10'17 n , long. 84°17'53n , 500 feet below highway bridge in Milford,

Clermont County, and 1-f miles above mouth of East Fork. Zero of gage is 499.35

feet above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 1,195 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. No record Feb. 1-12. Gage heights

used to half tenths between 3.5 and 6.2 feet; hundredths below and tenths above

these limits. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 18-22. Defined by current-meter

measurements below 32,900 second-feet. 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge during year, 19,400 second-feet 4 p.m. Apr. 6 (gage height,

9747 feet); mean daily discharge during March, 5,290 second-feet Mar. 27 (case

height, 5.8 feet).

1925-35: Discharge, about 82,900 second-feet Mar. 19, 1933 (gage height,

19.72 feet). 

Remarks.- Flood run-off not materially modified by artificial storage. Discharge estlmated Feb. 1-12. '

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

_

_

_

_

-

M

_

_

_

-

_

4.3

6.8

6.1

4.65

3.7

3.14

8.80

8.76

8.78

8.69

8.85

4.7

5.7

6.9

7.3

5.2

4.1

Second- feet

160

160

160

1,520

2,700

2,170

1,780

1,400

1,060

770

610

650

3,130

7,750

5,880

2,930

1,650

770

480

350

320

350

756

3,030

4,750

8,240

9,540

3,910

2,170

March

Feet

3.75

3.6

3.65

3.49

3.33

3.14

2.99

2.93

2.97

2.95

2.87

2.83

2.78

2.69

2.63

2.77

4.1

3.95

3.42

3.27

3.6

3.37

3.30

5.3

4.6

3.85

5.8

4.9

4.05

3.6

3.48

Second-feet

1,720

1,520

1,580

1,390

1,200

1,000

851

797

833

815

746

714

674

60S

561

668

2,190

1,980

1,300

1,140

1,520

1,250

1,180

4,040

2,840

1,840

5,290

3,350

2,100

1,520

1,380

April

Feet

3.41

4.3

3.85

3.46

3.80

8.6

5.85

4.5

4.2

4.4

4.05

3.85

3.7

3.43

3.25

3.10

2.96

2.86

2.78

2.71

2.68

2.77

2.71

2.60

2.53

2.48

2.44

2.55

2.56

2.55

Second-feet

1,290

2,430

1,840

1,350

1,850

14,800

5,100

2,700

2,300

2,560

2,100

1,840

1,650

1,320

1,120

960

824

738

674

618

596

666

618

&40

499

470

448

510

516

510

February March April

Run-off, in inches....................................... 2.15 1.51 1.66
220 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

East Forte of Little Miami River at Perintown, Ohio

Location.- Lat. 39°8'13tl , long. 84°14 I lVtl , on highway bridge at Perintown, Clermont 

County, 5 miles above junction with Little Miami River. Zero of gage is 507.27 

feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 477 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Two readings daily. Gage heights given to half tenths between 

1.7 and 2.6 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-26. Defined by current-meter measurements below 13,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage.

Maxima.- 1936s Discharge observed during year, 17,400 second-feet 8:10 a.m. Apr. 6 

(gage height, 16.51 feet); gage height observed during year, 16.86 feet Feb. 14 

(ice gorge); mean daily discharge during March, 4,520 second-feet Mar. 27 (gage 

height, 8.3 feet).

1915-20, 1925-35: Discharge, about 32,400 second-feet Mar. 19, 1933 (gage 

height, 22.68 feet from flood marks).

Remarks.- Flood run-off not materially affected by artificial storage.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23a4 '

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

1.25

1.24

1.26

5.5

7.8

5.5

4.7

4.0

4.2

3.0

2.7

3.1

8.3

16.8

11.9

8.6

7.2

6.1

5.9

5.5

6.1

5.5

5.4

9.2

12.0

9.5

8.4

3.9

3.0

Second-feet

30

30

35

400

1,500

420

350

270

220

160

120

130

600

4,500

1,100

560

290

150

100

70

65

70

150

600

1,300

3,000

4,630

1,020

590

March

Feet

2.7

2.7

3.3

2.7

2.3

2.0

1.8

1.68

1.64

1.62

1.62

1.58

1.55

1.47

1.43

3.4

V.6

4.8

3.2

3.2

5.3

3.5

2.7

4.6

4.0

2.8

8.3

4.4

2.9

2.3

2.05

Second-feet

473

473

720

473

334

240

186

157

148

143

143

133

126

109

100

765

3,800

1,560

675

675

1,900

815

473

1,430

1,080

510

4,520

1,310

550

334

255

April

Feet

1.95

4.2

3.4

2.5

3.0

14.3

5.4

3.3

3.6

5.2

3.9

3.3

2.7

2.35

2.1

1.95

1.8

1.75

1.63

1.56

1.55

1.69

1.67

1.67

1.55

1.47

1.41

1.43

1.42

1.39

Second-feet

226

1,190

765

403

590

13, 200

1,980

V20

865

1,840

1,020

720

473

351

270

226

186

174

145

129

126

160

155

155

126

109

96

100

98

92

February March April

Run-off, in inches.. ..................................... 1.75 1.91 2.09
OHIO RIVER BASIN 221

Licking River at Catawba, Ky.

Location.- Lat. 38°43', long. 84°19', three-quarters of a mile east of Catawba, Pendleton County, and three-quarters of a mile above mouth of Kincaid Creek. Zero of gage 

is 498.37 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 3,300 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph except for periods Feb. 1,2,7,8,11-15, 

Feb. 25 to Mar. 21, when discharge was determined from hydrographs for nearby stations and from occasional readings of staff gage.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 40,000 secondfeet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area study.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge during year, 40,600 second-feet 2 p.m. Apr. 7 (gage height, 

28.48 feet) ; mean daily discharge during March, 25,000 second-feet Mar. 18.

1916-20, 1929-35: Discharge observed, 65,000 second-feet Apr. 21, 1920 (gage 

height, 36.9 feet, former site).

Remarks.- Flood run-off not affected by artificial storage.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

_

_

8.45

13.28

14.46

15.92

_

10.35

9.86

_

_

_

_

-

11.72

11.44

10.76

10.03

9.01

8.20

7.95

8.04

8.85

-

_

_

_

_

Second-feet

3,000

3,750

3,360

11,100

12,800

15,300

12,500

7,500

6,130

5,380

4,500

4,250

4,000

4,500

5,500

8,160

7,680

6,730

5,530

4,140

3,110

2,810

2,930

3,880

5,500

6,500

7,000

6,500

6,000

March

Feet

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

18.07

15.83

14.65

13.62

12.76

15.63

17.48

16.52

13.40

10.83

Second-feet

5,000

4,500

4,750

4,500

4,250

3,750

3,250

3,000

2,750

2,500

2,250

2,000

1,800

1,650

1,500

5,500

15,000

25,000

22,500

20,000

20,000

19,300

15,100

13,000

11,300

9,960

14, 800

18, 200

16,400

11,000

6,730

April

Feet

10.12

11.50

10.94

10.63

-

26.96

28.21

24.82

21.82

24.79

24.29

21.30

17.91

14.34

11.74

10.40

9.41

8.70

8.19

7.80

7.52

7.59

7.40

7.20

7.00

6.80

6.66

6.54

6.48

6.47

Second-feet

5,680

7,840

6,880

6,430

21,900

37,300

40,000

32,600

26,500

32,600

31, 500

25,500

18,900

12, 600

8,160

6,130

4,680

3,750

3,110

2,630

2,270

2,390

2,150

1,920

1,700

1,500

1,360

1,280

1,230

1,180

February March April

Mean monthly discharge, in second-feet. .................. 6,207 9,395 11,720

Run-off, in inches.. ..................................... 2.03 3.29 3..96
222 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AHD UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Miami River at Hamilton, Ohio

Location.- Lat. 39o 23'28n , long. 84o34 I 20 n , In HEi sec. 6, T. 1 N., R. 3 E., 1,000 

feet below Columbia Bridge, at Hamilton. Zero of gage la 499.98 feet (revised) 

above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 3,639 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. Gage heights used to half tenths between 58.4 and 61.2 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Defined by current-meter measurements below 59,400 seoondfeet.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge during year, 34,700 second-feet 4 to 6 a.m. Feb. 27 (gage 

height, 70.50 feet)j mean daily discharge during March, 17,500 second-feet Mar. 27 

(gage height, 66.4 feet).

1927-351 Discharge, 70,300 second-feet Feb. 26, 1929 (gage height, 76.5 

feet).

Maximum known stage, 599.2 feet (mean sea level datum) Mar. 26, 1913, at former gage site.

Remarks.- Flood flow automatically regulated by five retarding basins above station. 

Gage-height record and some discharge measurements furnished by Miami Conservancy 

District.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

58.75

58.65

58.6

59.2

59.6

59.4

59.35

59.25

59.05

58.8

58.8

58.75

60.75

66.5

64.9

63.3

62.2

61.4

60.6

60.0

59.9

59.7

59.55

62.2

65.1

69.1

70.2

69.4

66.6

Second- feet

1,150

1,080

1,040

1,540

1,900

1,720

1,680

1,580

1,400

1,190

1,190

1,150

4,170

17,500

12,400

8,030

5,580

4,150

3,010

2,300

2,200

2,000

1,860

5,580

12,900

27,900

33, 100

29,200

17,800

March

Feet

64.8

63.0

62.2

61.8

61.5

61.2

60.9

60.6

60.5

60.75

61.1

60.9

60.7

60.45

60.2

60.15

60.5

60.7

60.85

60.75

60.6

60.4

60.55

63.6

66.2

65.2

66.4

65.8

64.4

63.0

62.4

Second- feet

12,000

7,300

5,580

4,810

4,300

3,840

3,410

3,010

2,880

3,200

3,690

3,410

3,140

2,820

2,520

2,460

2,880

3,140

3,340

3,200

3,010

2,760

2,940

8,990

16,600

13,300

17,500

14,900

10,900

7,210

5,950

April

Feet

62.2

62.1

61.8

61.4

61.4

67.9

66.4

64.3

63.0

62.7

62.4

62.1

62.3

61.9

61.4

61.1

60.75

60.6

60.35

60.2

60.15

60.15

60.05

59.9

59.85

59.65

59.6

60.15

60.75

61.0

Second-feet

5,580

5,380

4,810

4,140

4,120

22,900

17,100

11,000

7,430

6,640

6,000

5,380

5,900

4,990

4,140

3,690

3,200

3,010

2,700

2,520

2,460

2,460

2,360

2,200

2,150

1,950

1,900

2,480

3,200

3,550

February March April

Mean monthly discharge, in second- feet................... ,114 5,967 5,178 

2.10 1.89 1.58
OHIO RIVER BASIN 223

White-water River at Brookvllle, Ind.

Location.- Lat. 39°25', long. 85°!', In gee. 32, T. 9 N., R. 2 W., three-eighths of a

mile below junction of East and West Forks and three-quarters of a mile south of

Brookvllle, Franklin County. Zero of gage Is 595.22 feet above mean sea level. 

1'ralnage area.- 1,180 square miles. 

(iage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. 

.'' age-discharge relation.- Affected by Ice Feb. 1-8, 18-21. Defined by current-meter

measurements below 25,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by velocity-area

s'tudy. 

Faxlma.- 1936: Discharge February to April, 16,400 second-feet 2 a.m. Apr. 6 (gage

height, 11,34 feet); mean dally discharge during March, 6,060 second-feet Mar. 24

(gage height, 6.93 feet).

1915-20, 1923-35: Discharge, 69,200 second-feet Feb. 26, 1929 (gage height,

25.56 feet). 

Remarks.- Flood run-off not affected by artificial storage.

Gage height, In feet, and discharge, In second-feet, 1936

 ,

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Peet

1.32

1.30

1.32

1.82

2.25

1.89

1.77

1.62

1.63

1.58

1.39

1.36

4.85

8.88

4.99

3.53

2.96

2.33

2.08

2.00

2.02

1.92

2.78

6.13

7.54

9.59

9.57

5.27

4.23

Second-feet

280

275

285

375

475

450

425

450

463

444

364

352

4,740

10,200

3,170

1,780

1,220

725

600

560

570

594

1,280

4,630

7,010

11,700

11,800

3,420

2,320

March

Feet

3.77

3.42

3.25

3.10

2.92

2.72

2.59

2.50

2.51

2.80

2.68

2.55

2.47

2.34

2.30

2.39

2.78

2.87

2.66

2.98

3.50

3.28

3.70

6.93

5.89

4.48

6.88

5.88

4.50

3.87

3.58

Second-feet

1,860

1,570

1,450

1,330

1,190

1,060

1,000

940

940

1,120

1,060

970

910

852

825

880

1,120

1,160

1,030

1,280

1,650

1,490

1,880

6,060

4,410

2,570

6,020

4,340

2,570

1,960

1,730

April

Feet

3.39

3.38

3.19

2.97

3.62

9.88

6.44

4.88

4.33

4.45

4.19

3.84

3.52

3.2V

3.08

2.88

2.71

2.58

2.43

2.45

2.37

2.42

2.30

2.20

2.12

2.05

2.32

3.37

3.20

3.12

Second-feet

1,570

1,570

1,410

1,220

2,030

12, 500

5,190

3,000

2,420

2,520

2,270

1,960

1,650

1,450

1,330

1,190

1,060

1,000

910

910

852

880

825

770

715

688

855

1,530

1,410

1,330

February March April

"N "i-off, In Inches....................................... 2.23 1.80 1.80
224 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Kentucky River at Lock 2, at Lockport, Ky,

Location.- Lat. 38°26 t 20 n , long. 84°57 t 45tl , at Lock 2, at Lockport, Henry County, just

below mouth of Sixmile Creek. 

Drainage area.- 6,310 square miles. 395 square miles affected by 140,000 acre-feet of

storage capacity on Dix River. 

Gage-height record.- Three readings daily. 

Stage-discharge reTatlon.- Affected by backwater from Ohio River Mar. 20 to Apr. 6

(discharge determined from records at Locks 4 and 6). Defined by current-meter

measurements below 25,000 second-feet; extended to peak stage by comparison with

measurements at Lock 4. 

Maxima.- 1936: Observed discharge during year, 76,700 second-feet 6 p.m. Apr. 10

(gage height, 36.60 feet); mean daily discharge during March, 62,000 second-feet

Mar. 28 (gage height, 33.53 feet).

1925-35: Observed discharge, 84,400 second-feet Jan. 23, 1927 (gage height,

41.7 feet). 

Remarks.- Gage-height record furnished by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army. Flood runoff not materially affected by storage on Dix River.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

9.00

8.93

8.80

10.73

12.97

12.43

13.67

12.87

11.27

10.50

10.10

10.00

10.17

10.40

10.50

10.60

10.90

10.90

10.50

10.30

10.27

10.10

10.00

9.00

10.20

10.23

11.17

11.30

11.30

Second-feet

3,640

3,500

3,110

9,750

20,100

17,300

23,500

19,600

12,300

8,940

7,380

7,000

7,760

8,540

8,940

9,340

10,600

10, 600

8,940

8,150

8,150

7,380

7,000

7,000

7,760

7,760

11,800

12,300

12,300

March

Feet

11.10

10.77

10.80

10.97

10.70

10.40

10.10

9.87

9.67

9.47

9.30

9.17

9.10

8.97

8.80

10.33

15.33

20.57

21.80

24.10

24.07

24.43

25.07

25.20

25.50

26.63

30.50

33.53

31.20

27.63

25.13

Second-feet

11,400

10,200

10,200

11,000

9,750

8,540

7,380

6,630

5,910

5,210

4,540

4,230

3,930

3,500

3,110

8,150

30,600

46,800

49,800

50, 000

45,000

42,500

40,000

37,500

37,500

42,500

55,000

62,000

56,000

45, 000

32,500

April

Feet

24.07

21.67

19.57

17.00

16.13

26.57

31.37

31.40

33.17

36.27

34.43

28.40

22.77

18.67

15.73

12.50

11.37

10.80

10.33

9.90

9.70

9.73

9.57

9.37

9.27

9.07

8.77

8.77

8.80

8.77

Second-feet

22,500

17,500

17,500

20,000

25,000

55,000

68,300

68,300

71,200

76,200

73,100

63,300

52,100

41,600

32,100

17,800

12,700

10,200

8,150

6,630

5,910

5,910

5,560

4,870

4,540

3,930

2,980

2,980

3,110

2,980

February March April

Run-off, in inches... .................................... 1.72 4.64 4.73
OHIO RIVER BASIN 22 

Blue River near White Cloud, Ind.

Location.- Lat. 38°14', long. 86°14', in sec. 19, T. 5 S., R. 3 E., three-quarters of

a mile north of White Cloud, Harrison County, and 400 feet below Spring Creek. 

Drainage area.- 467 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Two readings daily.

Stage-discharge reTatlon.- Defined by current-meter measurements. 

Maxima.- 1956:Observed discharge during year, 8,540 second-feet 4i50 p.m. Apr. 6

(gage height, 11.22 feet); mean daily discharge during March. 3.810 second-feet

Mar. 27 (gage height, 7.12 feet).

1931-35: Discharge, 17,700 second-feet Mar. 12, 1935 (gage height, 17.91

feet, from flood marks). 

Remarka.- Flood run-off not affected by artificial storage.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

15

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

25

24

25

26

27

28

29

50

51

February

Feet

1.77

1.93

1.95

2.22

2.24

2.28

2.22

2.10

2.05

2.00

1.99

1.94

4.54

6.75

5.96

5.15

2.91

2.64

2.46

2.44

2.58

2.55

2.40

2.60

5.06

5.29

4.15

3.82

5.26

Second-feet

62

100

100

195

200

214

195

152

156

120

117

105

1,440

5,400

1,090

580

461

555

277

277

251

240

258

555

551

660

1,160

950

652

March

Feet

5.02

2.88

2.80

2.72

2.61

2.53

2.47

2.42

2.42

2.40

2.59

2.57

2.35

2.50

2.25

2.30

2.64

2.99

2.42

2.85

2.97

5.42

5.22

5.52

4.46

5.97

7.12

6.28

4.76

4.10

5.64

Second-feet

507

461

417

575

355

516

277

258

258

258

254

247

232

221

204

221

555

507

258

459

484

715

605

770

1,440

1,090

3,810

3,000

1,680

1,160

850

April

Feet

5.42

5.75

5.51

5.24

5.54

9.95

7.89

5.50

4.68

5.54

4.88

4.54

4.18

5.85

3.60

5.40

5.25

5.07

2.96

2.87

2.80

2.75

2.72

2.65

2.60

2.54

2.51

2.48

2.46

2.45

Second-feet

715

950

770

652

770

7,100

4,690

2,080

1,600

2,080

1,760

1,470

1,230

950

850

715

652

551

484

459

417

596

575

555

555

516

296

296

277

277

February March April
226 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Green River at Mvermore, Ky.

Location.- Lat. 37°S9'10n , long. 87O8'5n , at Louisville & Nashville Railroad bridge at

LTvermore, McLean County, 650 feet below Rough River. Zero of gage is 360.65 feet

above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 7,800 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Two readings daily; gage 8 miles downstream at Lock 2 read twice

daily for determination of slope. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by backwater from ice jam on Ohio River Feb. 20-26.

Rating curve used for low stages and rating diagram used for medium and high stages

with slope as a factor, defined by current-meter measurements. 

Maxima.- 1936: Observed discharge, 53,000 second-feet 7 a.m. Apr. 15 {gage height,

1930-35: Observed discharge, 80,000 second-feet Feb. 6, 193S (gage height, 

28.43 feet).

Maximum known stage, 32.95 feet during March 1913. 

Remarks^- Flood run-off not affected by artificial storage.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Dav *--c».j

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

4.40

4.44

4.48

4.64

6.30

7.98

8.47

7.72

6.57

6.04

5.58

5.28

5.44

5.74

6.10

6.36

6.31

6.18

5.82

7.17

7.78

10.86

12.63

12.45

10.74

7.29

7.00

7.60

7.75

Second-feet

2,710

2,860

3,020

3,490

9,580

17,000

19,100

15, 600

10,800

8,360

6,800

5,690

6,050

7,180

8,760

10,000

9,580

9,170

7,570

6,500

6,000

5,750

5,500

5,750

6,500

9,000

12,600

15,200

16,100

March

Feet

7.59

6.99

6.54

6.29

6.20

6.19

6.05

6.56

5.46

5.32

5.19

5.08

5.01

4.89

5.32

5.17

7.35

10.27

12.14

14.28

16.07

16.54

15.43

13.95

13.95

15.92

19.50

21.07

22.04

22.80

23.42

Second-feet

15,200

12,600

10,400

9,580

9,170

9,170

8,360

10, 800

6,420

5,690

5,330

4,980

4,640

4,300

5,690

5,330

14,300

26,500

34,300

37,100

38, 100

34,900

27,000

20,900

20, 400

25,300

33,800

38,400

40,500

42,000

44, 000

April

Feet

24.06

24.50

24.50

24.29

23.87

23.94

23.88

23.88

24.07

24.35

24.62

24.93

25.24

25.51

25.66

25.62

25.28

24.50

23.22

21.34

18.29

13.92

8.78

5.96

5.55

5.33

5.18

5.08

4.97

4.96

Second-feet

46,300

45, 900

45,200

42, 500

38,500

37,200

38,600

40, 100

42,400

44, 300

46,000

48,700

50,700

52,200

52,700

52,200

48,500

42, 600

35,500

30,100

22,800

18,700

14,500

8,360

3,800

5,690

5,330

4,980

4,640

4,640

February March April

Run-off, in inches....................................... 1.20 2.88 4.65
OHIO RIVER BASIN 227

Wabaah River at Mount Caimel, 111.

Location.- Lat. 38°21'58n , long. 87°47'21B , above Cleveland, Chicago, Cincinnati & St. 

Louis Railway bridge, 3 miles below Mount Carmel, Wabash County, and 3 1/3 miles below Potaka River. Zero of gage is 371.58 feet above mean sea level, 1929 general 

adjustment.

Drainage area.- 28,600 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. Gage heights used to half tenths between 0.8 and 2.2 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-24. Defined by current-meter measurements below 300,000 second-feet.

Maxima.- 1936J Discharge, 123,000 second-feet Mar. 6 (gage height, 20.00 feet).

1908-13, 1927-35: Discharge, 428,000 second-feet Mar. 30, 1913 (gage height, 

27.65, present site and datum).

Remarks.- Discharge not appreciably affected by storage or .diversions.

Gage height, in feet, and diaoharge, In second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

2.43

2.S6

2.29

2.28

2.38

2.S8

2.27

2.25

2.43

2.47

2.36

2.31

2.56

5.85

5.65

6.94

7.69

7.77

7.59

6.88

6.20

5.55

4.88

4.52

4.37

6.68

10.33

12.66

13; 84

Second- feet

7,000

6,900

6,700

6,800

7,100

7,200

7,000

7,100

7,200

7,300

7,200

7,000

7,500

10,500

15,000

18,300

20,700

21,200

20,500

18, 500

16,500

15,000

14, 600

14,600

18, 200

27,800

43,800

54,700

60,400

March

Feet

14.53

15.33

16.53

18.10

19.30

19.90

19.78

18.94

17.80

16.54

14.94

12.39

9.37

7.51

6.48

5.93

5.79

5.72

5.62

5.82

6.80

8.03

8.52

8.98

9.59

10.89

12.23

13.23

13.86

14.14

14.08

Second- feet

64,900

71,200

81,700

97,300

112,000

122,000

120,000

107,000

94,200

81,700

67,900

53,300

39,800

31,300

27,000

24, 400

24,000

23, 600

23,200

24,000

28,200

33,6(fo

35,800

38,000

40,700

46,500

52, 300

57,100

60,900

62,200

62,200

April

Feet

13.73

13.11

12.01

10.44

8.84

8.64

10.30

11.04

11.10

11.03

11.28

11.47

11.20

10.63

9.81

8.78

7.68

6.65

5.82

5.10

4.46

3.98

3.69

3.47

3.31

3.14

2.99

3.02

3.63

4.60

Second-feet

59,800

56,600

51,400

44,800

37,100

36,200

43,800

46,900

47, 400

46,900

48, 300

49,200

47,800

45,200

41, 600

37,100

32,200

27,400

24,000

21,100

18,600

16,600

15,400

14,600

13,800

13,100

12,700

12,700

15,000

19,100

Februai>y March April

Mean monthly discharge, in second-feet. .................. 16,630 58,320 33,200

Run-off, in inches....................................... 0.63 2.35 1.29
228 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Little Wabash River at Wileox; 111.

Location.- Lat. 38°38'10", long. SS0!?'^", In SE^ sec. 3, T. 2 N., R. 8 E., at highway 

bridge at Wileox, Clay County, a quarter of a mile below mouth of Big Muddy Creek.

Drainage area.- 1,130 square miles.

Sage-height "record.- Gage on downstream side of bridge, read twice daily. Gage heights 

used to half tenths between 3.0 and 3.8 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these 

limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-24. Defined by current-meter measurements below 10,000 second-feet. Corrected for variation in slope from normal by the 

Wiggins method Feb. 25, 26, Mar. 2-5, 21, 22, 29, 30, Apr. 6, 7, 13, 14, 30.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge observed, 4,630 second-feet 4 p.m. Feb. 28 (gage height, 19.10

1914-35: Discharge (estimated), 16,300 second-feet Aug. 22, 1915 (gage inaccessible) . 

Remarks.- Discharge not affected by storage or diversions.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

3.08

3.10

3.13

3.25

3.26

3.31

3.45

3.76

3.79

3.91

3.79

3.55

5.63

15.64

18.12

18.24

17.45

17.74

17.71

16. 4B

11.19

7.63

7.40

9.21

15.57

17.46

18.57

19.09

18.85

Second- feet

26

26

26

31

33

35

42

59

66

70

66

52

219

1,240

1,920

1,970

1,700

1,610

1,520

1,420

970

450.

465

790

2,900

3,560

4,160

4,630

4,320

March

Feet

18.55

17.87

15.97

11.54

8.46

6.87

6.03

5.47

5.25

5.36

5.54

5.29

4.87

4.55

4.36

4.71

7.23

7.71

5.89

6.65

14.99

17.82

17.65

17.52

17.64

16.21

15.61

15.63

13.18

8.85

7.45

Second-feet

4,160

3,480

2,290

1,170

710

495

367

297

257

283

297

270

219

183

161

195

540

615

353

451

3,050

3,710

3,440

3,380

3,440

2,670

2,410

2,410

1,480

751

570

April

Feet

5.64

5.29

5.07

4.73

5.57

10.63

12.81

13.86

11.99

11.30

13.19

13.57

11.33

8.14

6.47

5.70

5.20

4.85

4.52

4.32

4.23

4.08

3.98

3.94

3.90

3.88

3.73

3.82

6.62

10.20

Second-feet

311

270

244

195

311

1,310

1,720

1,850

1,430

1,280

1,690

1,780

1,100

650

437

325

257

207

172

151

141

131

121

112

112

112

100

104

451

1,140

February March April
OHIO RIVER BASIH 229 

Skillet Fork at Wayne City, 111.

Location.- Lat. 58°21'45 n , long. SS^e'Se", In SW^ sec. 7, T. 2 S., R. 6 E., at highway 

bridge 1 mile north of Wayne City, Wayne County, and 2 miles below Brush Creek. 

Zero of gage is 381.28 feet above mean sea level.

Drainage area.- 475 square miles.

Gage-height record.- Gage on downstream side of bridge read twice daily. Gage heights 

used to half tenths between 4.1 and 5.2 feet; hundredths below and tenths above 

these limits.

Stage-discharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-23. Defined by current-meter measurements below 7,000 second-feet. Corrected for variation in slope from normal by the 

Wlggins method Feb. 28, 29, Mar. 1, 23, 24, 26, Apr. 7, 8, 11, 12.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge observed, 2,640 second-feet 6 p.m. Feb. 27 (gage height,

!L9.o6 feet) .

1908-12, 1914-21, 1928-35: Discharge observed, 15,800 second-feet Aug. 22, 

Remarks.- Discharge not affected by storage or diversions.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

3.70

3.72

3.74

3.83

3.85

3.89

3.90

3.93

3.92

3.90

3.84

3.75

4.57

15.94

17.10

15.94

12.60

7.70

6.22

5.61

5.18

4.85

4.74

5.33

8.33

13.87

19.19

18. S4

15.14

Second-feet

7.0

8,0

8.0

11

11

13

13

14

14

13

12

9.0

36

280

300

280

150

50

35

20

20

25

50

98

408

1,130

2,540

1,790

985

March

Feet

9.94

8.46

8.36

7.95

7.07

6.24

5.74

5.26

5.21

5.16

5.28

5.18

4.80

4.61

4.44

4.34

4.26

4.13

4.04

5.97

16.42

17.59

16.31

10.83

10.52

8.77

8.59

8.73

6.50

5.74

5.17

Second-feet

482

435

423

378

280

190

142

110

102

98

110

102

70

55

44

38

32

28

24

170

1,590

1,940

1,250

576

675

448

447

459

220

142

98

April

Feet

4.92

4.90

4.87

4.73

5.47

12.88

11.11

8.37

7.01

12.08

11.90

9.80

7.53

6.30

5.66

5.16

4.81

4.57

4.39

4.25

4.18

4.16

4.14

4.09

4.06

3.97

3.91

3.88

3.89

3.94

Second-feet

78

78

74

66

126

987

638

371

270

883

786

509

323

200

142

98

70

52

41

32

30

28

28

26

24

21

18

17

18

20

February March April
230 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 -POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Cumberland River at Clarksville, Term.

Location.- Lat. 36O31'20 n , long. 87°22'40 n , at Louisville & Nashville Railroad bridge

at Clarksville, Montgomery County, li miles above mouth of Red River. Zero of gage

is 330.84 feet above mean sea level (1929 general adjustment). 

Drainage area.- 16,000 square miles, including Red River. 

Gage-height record.- Gage read once daily at 7 a.m. Daily reading is used as mean for

the day. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Base rating curve is fairly well defined by 13 current-meter

measurements, covering a range in stage from 12.4 to 48.7 feet (discharge, 906 to

134,000 second-feet). 

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge observed, 134,000 second-feet 7 a.m. Apr. 13 (gage height,

1924-35: Discharge observed, about 216,000 second-feet Jan. 2, 1927 (gage 

height, 60.0 feet).

Remarks.- The effect of storage during periods of high water is negligible. At low 

stages a regulation effect is created by manipulation of the wickets on a series of 

navigation dams above and below the station. The U. S. Weather Bureau and the Corps 

of Engineers, U. S. Army, cooperate in obtaining records at this station.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

S

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

16.2

16.0

15.8

16.5

20.1

21.5

22.0

23.8

24.5

24.1

22.8

20.9

19.9

19.4

19.2

19.1

19.1

19.2

19.5

19.8

19.9

19.6

19.4

19.4

19.2

18.8

18.7

19.0

19.4

Second-feet

10,200

9,480

8,800

11, 200

24, 100

29,100

30,900

37,500

40, 000

38, 600

33,800

26, 900

23, 300

21, 500

20,800

20,500

20,500

20,800

21,900

23, 000

23, 300

22,300

21, 500

21, 500

20,800

19, 400

19,000

20,100

21,500

March

Feet

19.6

19.5

19.7

19.4

19.2

19.7

19.7

19.4

18.9

18.5

18.0

17.8

17.5

17.1

16.9

18.3

23.0

34.0

34.5

34.0

34.8

35.0

34.0

31.8

36.1

39.1

43.8

46.8

47.5

47.8

47.9

Second-feet

22,300

21,900

22, 600

21, 500

20,800

22,600

22, 600

21, 500

19,700

18,300

16, 500

15, 800

14,700

13,300

12,600

17, 600

34,500

75,200

77,000

75,200

78,200

78, 910

75, 200

67, 100

83, 000

94,100

112, 000

123,000

126, 000

128, 000

128,000

April

Feet

48.1

48.2

47.9

46.5

43.0

39.5

40.7

41.8

43.5

46.5

48.2

48.7

49.2

48.5

47.8

45.9

39.5

31.4

25.1

21.0

19.8

18.8

18.2

17.8

17.4

17.2

16.8

16.5

16.2

15.8

Second-feet

129,000

130,000

128,000

122,000

109,000

95,600

100,000

104, 000

111,000

122,000

130,000

132,000

134, 000

131,000

128,000

120,000

95,600

65,600

42,300

27,300

23,000

19, 400

17, 200

15,800

14, 400

13,600

12,200

11,200

10,200

8,800

February March April

Run-off, in inches....................................... 1.54 3.86 5.36
OHIO RIVER BASIN 231

Tennessee River near Johnsonville, Term.

Location.- Lat. 36°1'2", long. 88oO'O n , at bridge on TJ. S. Highway 70, 6 miles upstream from Johnsonville, Humphreys County, 6 miles east of Camden, and 10 miles 

below mouth of Duck River. Zero of gage is 319.82 feet above mean sea level (Tennessee River Survey datum) and approximately 319.V feet (general adjustment of

Drainage area.- 38,500 square miles.

Sage-height record.- Water-stage recorder graph. Gage heights used to tenths throughout.

Stage-discharge relation.- Current-meter measurements define the entire range of stage. 

Five measurements were made during the period of this record, three of which were 

used to define the upper 10 feet of the curve.

Maxima.- 1936: Discharge, 341,000 second-feet during several hours Apr. 11-12 (gage 

height, 41.60 feet, present site and datum).

1910-35: Discharge, 342,000 second-feet Jan. 2-4, 192V (gage height, 40.5 

feet, former aite and datum).

1889-1935* Stage observed, 48.0 feet, former site and datum, Mar. 24, 189V 

(discharge, about 410,000 second-feet).

Remarks.- The gates at Horris Dam on Clinch River were closed at 1 p.m. Mar. 4. Between that time and May 31, 1,414,000 acre-feet of water was stored, or an average 

of about V,960 second-feet for the period. The Tennessee Valley Authority cooperates in obtaining records at this station.

Sage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

13.09

11.51

10. V9

11.68

16.3V

21.88

25.13

26.58

27.33

2V. 91

28.21

28.29

27.79

85.98

22.72

19.15

16.54

14.84

14.01

14.43

15.44

16.19

16.50

16.30

15.72

14.96

14.11

13.23

12.48

Second-feet

76,700

69,500

60,600

66,900

100,000

143,000

169,000

182,000

189,000

194,000

197,000

198,000

193,000

177,000

14$, 000

 122, 000

101,000

88, 600

83,000

85,800

93,000

99,000

101,000

99,800

95,200

90,000

83,700

77,400

V2,500

March

Feet

12.02

11.64

11.30

11.02

10.98

11.00

10. VV

10.81

10. V4

10.43

10.00

9.45

8.80

8.29

8.02

9.22

12.04

13.88

15.60

15.96

15.44

14.88

14.95

16.11

20.10

23.68

26.99

28.84

29.82

30.56

30.99

Second-feet

69,000

66,200

64,100

62,000

62,000

62,000

60,600

60,600

59,900

5V, 800

55,000

51,100

4V, 300

44,300

42,500

49,800

69,000

82,300

94, 500

97,500

93,000

89,300

90,000

98,200

128,000

157,000

186,000

202,000

212,000

219,000

223, 000

April

Feet

31.36

31.88

32.5V

33.46

34.3V

35.50

36.98

38.54

39.94

40.98

41.52

41.51

41.11

40.60

40.04

39.40

38.59

3V. 46

36.02

33.79

30.08

24.86

19.48

15.30

12.60

11.10

10.33

9.73

9.33

9.10

Second-feet

227,000

232,000

238,000

248,000

258, 000

2VO,000

286,000

304,000

321,000

334, 000

340,000

340,000

335,000

329,000

322, 000

315,000

305,000

292,000

2V6,000

251,000

214, 000

168,000

124, 000

92, 200

V3, 200

62,700

57,100

53,000

50, 400

49,200

February March April
232 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Big Sandy River at Bruceton, Tenn.

Location.- Lat. 36°3', long. 88°14', at highway bridge two-thirds of a mile above mouth

of Cherry Creek and three-quarters of a mile northeast of Bruceton, Carroll County.

Zero of gage is 380.72 feet above mean sea level. 

Drainage area.- 171 square miles. 

Gage-height record.- Gage read once daily between 6 and 9 a.m. with occasional extra

readings during high stages. Daily reading is used as mean for the day. 

Stage-discharge relation.- Fairly well defined by current-meter measurements covering

entire range in stage recorded during the period of this record. 

Maxima.- 19361 Discharge observed, 2,500 second-feet 6 a.m. Mar. 27 (gage height,

1929-35: Discharge observed, 6,770 second-feet Jan. 21, 1935 (gage height, 

16.16 feet). 

Remarks.- Station is maintained in cooperation with the Tennessee Valley Authority.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1956

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

S.75

3.02

3.16

6.99

3.66

3.18

3.14

3.16

3.60

3.10

2.84

2.88

5.27

4.34

3.66

3.66

 3.27

3.02

2.86

2.96

3.04

3.22

3.38

3.50

3.46

3.26

3.46

3.14

3.02

Second-feet

83

112

134

878

229

141

134

134

218

126

94

99

570

430

284

218

197

150

126

141

150

177

218

240

218

177

218

158

126

March

Feet

2.98

2.96

3.00

2.90

3.68

3.28

3.08

2.98

2.96

2.92

2.90

2.88

2.82

2.82

3.30

8.70

8.86

4.54

3.52

3.94

4.12

3.64

3.26

3.36

8.55

11.13

11.27

9.52

4.74

3.72

3.38

Second- feet

126

119

126

106

251

168

134

112

106

99

99

99

88

88

158

1,190

1,230

410

197

284

327

229

150

168

1,170

2,180

2,340

1,370

450

240

177

April

Feet

3.20

3.24

3.02

2.90

2.90

3.24

3.14

2.96

3.42

3.84

3.16

3.44

3.28

3.08

2.94

2.90

2.82

2.80

2.76

2.72

2.70

2.80

2.82

2.78

2.74

2.72

2.76

2.70

2.72

2.98

Second-feet

141

150

112

99

99

150

134

106

177

273

134

187

158

126

106

99

88

88

83

78

78

88

88

88

83

78

83

78

78

112

February March April

Run-off, in inches....................................... 1.35 3.04 0.75
OHIO RIVER BASIN 233 

Cache River at Forman, 111.

'ocatlon.- Lat. 3Y°20'56", long. 88°54'50", in NEi sec. 31, T. 13 S., R. 3 E., at Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad bridge at Forman, 1 mile below Dutchman Creek.

OralnaKe area.- 240 square miles.

'/age-height record.- Gage on downstream aide of bridge read twice daily. Gage heights 

used to half tenths between 2.5 and 3.1 feet; hundredths below and tenths above these 

limits.

i3tage-dlscharge relation.- Affected by ice Feb. 1-24. Defined by ourrent-meter measurements below 4,000 second-feet; extension above is based upon meager data.

laxima.- 1936: Discharge observed, 2,690 second-feet 7:10 a.m. Apr. 7 (gage height, 

I37T2 feet).

1922-35: Discharge observed, 11,100 second-feet Mar. 13, 1935 (gage height, 

17.69 feet).

Remarks.- No storage or diversions.

Gage height, in feet, and discharge, in second-feet, 1936

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

February

Feet

1.52

1.61

1.58

1.56

1.55

1.54

1.52

1.51

1.50

2.53

4.24

6.61

7.28

6.97

6.47

5.32

5.05

4.45

4.00

3.48

2.89

2.46

1.93

2.54

2.98

3.83

5.28

7.71

6.93

Second- feet

3.7

4.7

4.0

3.7

3.7

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.3

38

163

386

471

420

355

250

230

181

145

109

64

32

11

55

109

181

341

756

612

March

Feet

6.29

5.12

4.38

4.01

3.55

3.28

2.98

2.76

3.95

5.92

5.25

4.65

3.56

3.23

3.02

2.56

2.55

2.21

1.85

4.74

6.74

6.20

5.21

6.62

8.38

7.04

7.85

8.24

6.28

5.58

5.28

Second-feet

505

316

240

200

163

136

109

86

200

437

328

261

163

127

109

68

68

39

17

272

576

488

328

558

522

630

774

846

505

386

341

April

Feet

4.67

6.08

6.05

5.30

4.01

9.96

13.00

11.69

10.09

10,59

9.92

9.40

8.60

7.44

6.43

5.74

5.25

4.71

4.31

4.14

3.80

3.50

3.30

3.12

2.95

2.63

2.21

2.83

2.61

2.42

Second-feet

272

471

454

341

200

1,190

2,600

1,720

1,210

1,320

1,170

1,070

918

702

522

403

328

272

230

210

181

154

136

118

104

78

39

96

73

57

February March April

lun-off, in inches............... ........................ 0.76 1.52 2.58
234 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Stages at river-measurement stations on the Ohio River

Records of stage are maintained by the Corps of Engineers, United 

States Army, at locks and navigation dams on the Ohio River. The following tables present such records at these places and at river-measurement 

stations of the United States Weather Bureau and the United States Geological Survey, which it is conceived may be useful in analyses of the 

passage of flood waves down the Ohio River.

Table 8 shows the gage height in feet generally at 8:00 a.m. Eastern 

Standard Time, or 7:00 a.m. Central Standard Time, for each day through 

February, March, and April 1956, at 66 river-measurement stations on the 

Ohio River from Pittsburgh, Pa., to Cairo, 111., including stations for 

which records of discharge have been previously given in this section. 

The table also shows the altitudes of the zeroes of the respective gages 

in feet above mean sea level.

The level datum of altitudes of zeroes of lock gages and United 

States Weather Bureau gages on the Ohio River, as given herein, is mean 

sea level, 19O7 adjustment.

Table 9 shows the gage height in feet at indicated times at stations 

for which such data are available, to enable the delineation of the stage 

hydrograph in greater detail than is possible with one gage-height reading a day as given in table 8. This information is confined to those 

portions of the respective records for which the changes in stage were 

sufficiently great to warrant its presentation. The time of day for 

which the records are given and the frequency of the readings have been 

determined in general by the form and availability of the base data.

In table 10 are shown the altitudes above mean sea level of the zeroes of gages at locks on the Ohio River for which records of stage are 

given herein. Important applications of these records should be made in 

the light of the latest adjustments or revisions of altitudes of the zeroes of these gages. Information respecting such changes may be obtained 

by application to the appropriate field offices of the Corps of Engineers, 

United States Army.

Figure 47 shows graphically the representative stage records presented in table 9 and is of interest in portraying the flattening of the 

major flood as it progressed downstream below Pittsburgh and the merging 

of this flood with the waters received by the Ohio River from its other 

tributaries.
Table 8.- Gage height, In feet, at river-measurement stations on th

Station

Gftfie

Time

* Zero

of gage

Feb. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

I

\*<H

n<

a

Sam EST

694.0

11.7

11.4

11.1

11.4

11.9

12.8

13.7

13.0

12.0

11.6

11.7

11.4

11.2

11.7

13.3

18.3

17.8

IB. 7

15.2

14.7

13.7

13.0

12.4

11.9

12.5

18.4

26.0

27.7

23.4

.

3

JJ

b

Sam EST

690.0

15.5

15.3

15.0

15.3

15.7

16.4

17.3

16.4

15.7

15.3

15.3

15.2

15.1

15.6

17.1

21.4

20.7

18.8

18.2

17.9

17.1

16.6

16.2

15.6

16.4

21.8

27.4

29.0

24.8

 H

m

INo

a

Sam EST

683.4

10.6

10.4

10.1

10.3

10.6

11.3

11.9

11.8

11.0

10.8

10.7

10.5

10.3

10.6

11.9

14.8

14.3

13.2

12.5

12.2

11.7

11.3

11.1

10.5

11.1

14.9

20.9

22.3

17.9

1

!*

m

0

690.00

e3.99

e3.84

e3.73

e3.89

84.18

e4.82

86.08

e4.86

e4.32

B4.14

e4.06

e3.92

e3.88

e4.45

e5.58

e7.52

86.99

eS.05

e5.78

95.43

e5.02

84.66

e4.36

94.09

84.90

e9.29

e!3.03

814.37

elO.06

3

Ii "o!

1

b

Sam EST

678.6

15.3

15.2

15.1

15.0

15.4

16.0

16.5

16.2

15.7

15.3

15.3

15.2

15.1

15.3

16.2

18.6

18.4

17.4

17.0

16.7

16.3

16.0

15.7

IB. 3

15.8

18.6

23.5

24.4

20.7

 #

3

0 

£

d

8am EST

667.8

6.8

6.3

5.5

5.1

6.5

7.7

11.2

12.4

10.2

9.3

9.0

8.4

7.9

8.2

12.3

20.0

22.7

20.0

19.6

18.9

16.5

15.0

13.3

12.1

12.5

22.1

26.2

26.9

23.0

M*

d

8am EST

661.3

10.6

9.5

8.9

8.3

9.9

11.2

13.4

12.0

11.0

11.7

11.7

11.3

10.9

11.5

14.5

25.4

28.6

25.7

23.3

22.7

20.6

19.9

18.0

17.3

16.4

27.0

29.6

30.0

26.7

M

0 

d

Sam EST

655.3

13.04

12.24

11.34

11.24

13.24

14.34

15.84

14.64

13.64

16.74

16.64

16.34

16.14

16.24

18.84

23.64

24.74

22.54

21.54

20.74

19.24

18.34

17.04

16.34

16.84

24.44

31.44

31.54

28.74

M *"

0 

d

8am EST

647.2

7.5

7.7

7.2

6.8

8.2

9.2

11.2

10.3

9.1

7.8

7.8

7.5

6.8

7.0

10.0

15.4

18.4

15.5

14.0

13.9

12.0

11.0

9.6

8.4

7.8

18.3

30.7

30.8

28.2

00

Ig

d

Sam EST

640.3

8.2

8.3

7.2

6.9

7.8

8.9

11.1

10.8

9.3

7.6

7.8

7.8

7.4

8.5

10.4

15.3

18.0

15.4

13.8

13.6

12.2

10.9

9.6

8.5

8.1

17.0

29.0

29.5

27.3

o>

M te

d

Sam EST

633.9

7.0

6.8

6.5

6.1

6.0

7.7

10.6

10.8

9.8

7.3

9.0

10.5

10.0

10.0

11.7

15.2

17.2

15.0

12.7

12.4

11.0

9.8

8.7

7.9

7.4

15.4

28.7

29.3

28.0

o

!Jd

8am EST

625.5

7.4

9.6

11.6

10.7

9.2

11.7

15.4

16.3

15.4

12.3

11.9

11.4

11.2

13.1

12.0

19.3

17.1

15.1

12.0

12.0

10.4

9.0

8.4

7.2

6.8

14.9

29.5

30.7

29.8

iH

!g

d

8am EST

618.1

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.0

7.2

7.9

9.9

10.7

9.6

7.0

7.0

7.4

7.0

6.5

8.3

12.1

18.0

15.9

13.2

12.8

11.6

10.1

9.1

8.2

7.8

14.5

29.5

31.5

31.4

0

d

Sam 

61

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2

3

3

* Altitude, In feet, above mean sea level, 

a U.S. Weather Bureau gage.

b Upper gage, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army. 

o U.S. Geological Surrey water-stage recorder.
Table 8. -Gage height, in feet, at river-measurement stations on the Ohio 

Station

Gage

Time

* Zero

of gage

Mar. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

rt

fb

fr

ft »

5

a

Sam EST

694.0

20.4

19.0

17.9

17.4

16.9

18.5

18.0

17.1

16.1

16.7

18.8

22.0

25.7

22. S

20.8

19.8

24.7

42.0

41.4

27.4

24.0

23.7

22.4

22.6

27.5

30.3

28.3

27.2

26.9

23.9

21.7

£

gj

b

Sam EST

690.07

22.4

21.2

20.5

20.1

19.8

21.1

20.7

19.8

18.9

19.7

21.4

24.0

27.0

24.6

22.9

22.1

26.2

38.2

38.8

28.6

25.4

25.2

24.2

24.3

28.5

30.2

28.8

28.0

27.7

25.3

23.4

0

o a 

cj £4

"

a

Sam EST

683.4

15.7

14.7

14.1

13.8

13.6

14.7

14.3

13.7

12.9

13.4

14.8

16.7

20.3

17.6

16.0

15.6

18.7

_

_

-

_

_

_

17.0

21.8

25.6

23.3

21.7

21.5

18.1

16.5

£

(D 

fH

°l

"*

0

690.00

e8.29

87.53

67.12

80.81

eo.95

e7.47

07.14

96.63

66.13

66.77

e7.78

e9.94

ell .75

e9.64

68.56

88.39

914.06

630.02

e28.75

e!4.83

elO.64

elO.25

e9.76

elO.14

e!4.79

e!7.07

614.96

e!3.97

613.96

elO.18

e8.89

r-l

1 S

&

b

Sam EST

678.61

19.3

18.6

18.2

18.0

17.8

18.5

18.3

17.9

17.4

17.6

18.7

19.9

22.9

20.6

19.5

19.1

21.3

37.9

42.1

26.4

21.0

21.0

20.3

20.4

24.4

27.7

26.0

24.2

24.2

21.1

19.9

X "*

3

0 &

d

Sam EST

667.8

18.4

16.3

14.8

14.2

13.6

15.9

15.1

13.6

12.1

12.7

16.5

19.4

24.9

21.6

18.9

18.0

22.7

42.2

48.1

30.5

22.5

22.0

20.5

21.1

26.7

31.9

29.1

26.4

26.2

22.2

19.4

id fi 

S

o 

K

d

Sam EST

661.3

22.1

19.6

18.5

18.0

17.2

19.2

18.6

17.4

15.9

16.5

20.1

22.5

27.8

25.0

22.3

21.5

25.7

43.8

49.4

34.2

25.9

25.8

24.2

25.4

31.5

35.7

32.7

29.5

29.3

25.7

23.0

w § .

3

0 

K

d

Sam EST

655.3

24.54

22.64

21.54

21.14

20.64

22.34

21.64

20.64

19.54

20.04

23.34

24.94

29.54

27.04

24.74

24.14

27.74

44.94

-

36.14

28.14

27.74

26.54

27.64

32.24

37.24

34.54

31.54

31.24

27.94

25.44

c0 

Q g

d

Sam EST

647.2

22.3

19.6

17.9

17.2

16.4

18.6

17.9

16.4

14.9

15.1

18.9

21.7

28.3

25.8

22.4

21.5

25.7

44.0

52.9

38.7

27.8

26.4

24.9

26.3

31.4

37.5

35.0

31.2

30.9

27.1

23.5

*"

SS

d

8am EST

640.3

21.0

18.7

16.9

16.3

15.5

17.4

16.9

15.7

14.4

14.1

17.6

20.1

26.4

24.6

20.6

20.0

23.4

40.6

50.8

39.4

27.0

25.3

23.8

24.9

29.6

35.9

33.9

30.3

29.7

25.9

22.0

id

0 

3 §,

d

Sam EST

633.9

21.2

18.1

16.2

15.6

14.8

16.4

16.2

15.0

13.8

13.1

16.4

18.8

25.8

24.4

20.7

19.5

22.4

39.5

51.3

41.6

28.2

25.0

23.5

24.4

29.0

35.8

34.4

30.6

29.6

26.0

21.8

o

^i

d

Sam EST

625.5

22.9

19.2

17.0

16.2

15.4

16.9

16.9

15.5

14.1

13.0

16.8

19.3

26.6

25.9

20.9

20.7

23.7

39.5

52.1

44.8

31.6

26.8

25.0

25.6

29.8

37.1

36.2

32.4

31.2

27.7

23.5

W "A

*3

d

8am EST

618.1

24.5

19.8

17.6

16.7

15.8

17.0

17.3

16.1

14.7

13.5

16.6

19.2

26.5

27.0

23.2

21.3

24.6

38.5

52.7

47.4

34.5

28.4

26.6

26.5

30.1

37.4

37.3

34.3

32.3

29.1

24.8

0 

3 

d

8am 

610

25

21

18

17

16

17

18

17

15

14

16

19

26

28

24

22

25

38

54

51

37

30

28

27

31

38

39

36

33

30

26

* Altitude, in feet, above mean sea level, 

a U.S. Weatbar Bureau gage.

b Upper gage. Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army. 

o U.S. Geologioal Survey water-stage recorder.
Table 8.- Gaf

Station

Gage

Time

* Zero

of gage

Apr. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

o

£

a

8am EST

694.0

20.2

19.0

18.7

18.0

17.0

16.3

24.8

23.7

20.3

18.5

18.5

18.1

17.4

17.3

16.8

16.1

15.4

14.9

14.3

13.7

13.4

13.4

13.4

13.7

13.4

13.1

12.7

12.4

12.4

12.5

* Altitude, in f

3

8

b

8am EST

690.07

22.4

21.4

21.2

20.6

19.8

19.3

26.3

25,3

22.4

21.0

21.0

20.8

20.2

20.1

19.7

19.1

18.6

18.1

17.6

17.1

16.9

16.9

16.9

17.3

16.9

16.6

16.3

16.2

16.2

16.3

eet, abo

 H 

1«

2 *>« 2

0

a

Sam EST

683.4

15.6

14.8

14.8

14.2

13.6

13.2

18.7

18.1

15.6

14.6

14.5

14.3

13.9

13.8

13.4

13.1

12.7

12.3

12.0

11.6

11.5

11.5

11.5

11.7

11.5

11.3

11.0

10.9

10.9

10.9

ve mean

!*i &> m

0

690.00

e8.20

e7.80

e7.60

e7.20

e6.70

e7.15

elO.80

elO.OO

e8.25

e7.52

e7.45

e7.28

e6.97

e6.88

e6.57

66.19

65.88

e5.59

65.30

e4.97

64.91

64.91

65.01

65.09

64.67

e4.69

e4.37

e4.37

64.36

e4.51

sea leve

a

b

Sam EST

678.61

19.3

18.7

18.6

18.3

17.9

17.6

21.4

21.2

19.3

18.5

18.6

18.4

18.1

18.0

17.8

17.5

17.2

17.0

16.6

16.3

16.2

16.2

16.2

16.4

16.2

16.0

15.8

15.7

15.7

15.7

li

d

Sam EST

667.8

17.4

16.1

15.7

14.7

13.5

12.3

21.8

22.3

17.9

15.3

15.3

14.9

14.0

13.6

12.9

11.9

11.0

10.1

9.1

8.4

8.9

9.2

9.3

9.5

8.8

8.4

7.9

9.5

8.9

8.9

1. b Upper gag

»e height, in feet, at river-measurement stations on the

x "|

0 O

d

Sam EST

661.3

21.2

19.7

19.5

18.6

17.4

16.1

25.1

25.8

21.6

19.0

19.0

18.6

17.7

17.5

16.7

15.8

14.9

14.4

13.4

12.3

13.8

13.2

14.3

14.4

13.8

13.4

13.1

15.0

14.6

14.7

M ^

d

8am EST

655.3

23.84

22.84

22.64

21.74

20.74

19.94

27.14

27.84

24.24

22.14

22.24

21.84

21.14

20.94

20.34

19.44

18.94

18.24

17.44

17.14

16.64

17.04

16.74

17.14

16.54

15.94

15.34

14.84

14.74

15.34

o *

d

Sam EST

647.2

21.0

19.5

19.3

18.1

16.8

15.3

24.0

26.9

22.0

13.7

18.6

18.0

17.2

16.7

15.9

14.9

13.9

12.9

12.1

14.9

14.9

14.8

15.0

15.0

14.2

14.9

15.6

15.5

15.6

15.7

«"

d

Sam EST

640.3

20.0

18.5

18.2

17.1

15.9

14.7

21.4

25.6

20.9

17.7

17.3

17.0

16.5

15.7

15.3

14.2

13.3

12.4

11.7

14.7

15.1

15.4

15.5

15.1

15.1

15.3

15.4

15.8

15.7

16.0

e, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army

0

3 !§

d

Sam EST

633.9

19.3

17.7

17.5

16.4

15.2

14.0

19.6

25.1

20.6

17.1

16.6

16.3

15.7

14.9

14.4

13.4

12.6

11.8

11.4

15.1

15.3

15.1

15.2

15.3

15.1

15.2

15.7

15.7

15-.4

15.8

o

^

d

Sara EST

625.5

20.2

13.8

18.5

17.3

15.9

14.7

19.6

' 26.4

22.3

18.3

17.3

17.1

16.4

15.5

15.0

13.9

12.8

11.8

11.5

15,5

15.8

15.2

16.1

15.8

16.0

16.0

16.3

16.5

16.7

16.5

d Pass all

q ^

^

d

8am EST

618.1

21.2

19.2

18.9

17.8

16.4

15.7

18.7

27.0

23.6

19.1

17.7

17.5

16.8

15.9

15.6

14.5

13.5

12.6

11.9

14.8

15.3

15.4

15.2

15.3

15.2

15.2

15.4

15.5

15.4

15.6

1 gage.

Ohi

c

d

Sam 

610

2

20

20

1

17

1

1

27

24

20

1

1

1

1

1

1

14

1

12

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

15

Jorp

a. U.S. Weather Bureau gage. o U.S. Geological Survey water-stage recorder. e Mean daily gage heig
238 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

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a

V

10

00 

I rH rH rH rH i-H rH rH

i CM CM CM to tOrHOOO OCOCOISW COI>*OCOIO ^UtOrHOrH ISU1IO*

ge -OH

3JOCKI

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21007

 BA \

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93 -OH 3J007

t2 'OH 

SOO-I

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31007

toiscocno ioiseo

CM M CM
Table 8.- Gage heigit. in feet, at river-measurement statip

Station

Gage

Time

* Zero

of gage

Mar. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

2.5

26

27

28

29

30

31

14 2

d

Sam EST

555.3

36.0

31.2

26.3

22.4

19.9

18.3

18.6

18.6

17.3

16.0

15.0

17.3

20.4

26.0

26.8

24.3

28.4

35.3

4J.5

48.4

50.5

48.0

43.9

39.7

38.2

39.4

41.6

43.1

41.6

38.8

34.7

0

$1

d

Sam EST

549.1

36.2

31.9

26.7

22.7

19.8

18.1

18.2

18.3

17.2

15.7

14.6

16.6

19.7

25.2

26.6

24.3

28.4

35.0

40.9

47.6

50.6

49.0

44.9

40.8

38.9

39.7

41.8

43.2

42.2

39.5

35.5

iH 

» CM

3%

d

Sam EST

541.6

37.2

33.4

28.2

23.8

20.6

18.7

18.5

18.7

17.7

16.2

15.1

16.7

19.7

25.2

27.2

25.2

28.8

35.5

41.7

48.5

52.1

51.1

47.4

43.2

41.2

41.5

43.5

44.8

44.0

41.4

37.5

Si

o

3 S

d

8am EST

536.0

39.3

55.5

30.2

25.4

21.7

19.8

19.4

19.7

18.6

17.0

15.7

17.2

20.5

26.1

28.6

26.6

30.2

37.2

43.7

50.5

54.3

53.6

50.2

46.2

44.0

44.2

46.0

47.2

46.4

44.0

40.2

to

*i

d

Sam EST

528.2

40.0

37.0

31.8

27.3

23.4

20.7

20.1

20.5

19.5

17.8

16.2

17.4

20.7

27.0

29.5

28.1

31.3

38.5

45.3

51.7

55.8

55.9

53.1

49.3

47.1

47.0

48.3

49.3

48.8

46.6

42.8

*c3 "*S

d

Sam EST

520.1

42.6

40.0

35.3

30.4

26.2

23.4

22.3

22.6

21.6

19.9

18.2

18.9

22.4

28.1

31.5

30.4

33.4

40.8

48.4

54.3

57.8

58.5

56.5

53.3

51.3

51.1

51.8

52.4

52.0

50.0

46.4

S3

04

f

Sam EST

-

_

-

-

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

564.0

568.4

571.6

572.9

571.8

569.8

567.9

567.4

567.4

567.5

567.2

565.6

562.3

So

Q) «H

*

f

8ara EST

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

563.8

568.3

571.4

572.7

571.7

569.2

567.7

567.3

567.2

567.3

567.0

565.4

562.2

*a

h

d

Sam EST

512.1

41.7

40.3

35.7

32.0

27.9

24.8

23.3

23.2

22.6

20.9

19.3

19.2

22.2

26.9

30.9

30.7

33.5

41.7

49.3

53.3

56.0

57.8

57.2

55.1

53.8

53.4

52.9

52.5

52.3

50.8

47.7

Li-t

4*

04

a

8am EST

514.1

37.8

36.6

33.1

27.4

24.5

21.3

19.8

19.6

18.9

17.4

15.8

15.5

18.2

22.7

26.8

26.9

30.0

38.3

46.3

49.8

52.1

54.2

53.9

52.0

50.9

50.5

49.6

49.1

48.8

47.2

44.3

AJ c§

d

Sam EST

502.6

44.5

43.6

40.1

35.7

31.5

28.2

26.4

25.9

25.4

23.9

22.0

21.5

24.0

28.7

32.9

33.4

36.4

44.6

52.3

56.3

58.9

61.2

61.2

59.5

58.0

57.6

56.8

56.2

56.0

54.6

51.7

*S5

h

d

Sam EST

496.6

38.1

38.2

36.0

31.9

27.7

24.3

22.2

21.5

21.1

19.9

18.6

17.7

19.3

22.9

26.8

28.0

31.2

37.9

45.1

49.6

52.7

55.3

55.9

54.7

53.6

53.3

52.6

51.6

50.9

49.9

47.6

ns on the O

»g.

jfrf

3&

a

8am EST

492.0

38.5

38.7

36.8

32.9

28.6

24.8

22.3

21.4

20.8

19.6

18.3

17.1

18.4

22.0

26.2

27.9

31.7

38.1

45.3

50.0

53.3

56.0

56.8

55.8

54.9

54.7

53.9

52.8

52.1

51.1

48.8

*

7ara 

48

4

4

4

3

3

3

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

3

3

3

4

5

5

5

6

6

6

6

6

6

5

5

5

5

* Altitude, in feet, above mean sea level. 

a U.S. Weather Bureau gage. 
Table S.- Sage height, in feat, at river-measurement stations on the O

Station

Gaga

Time

* Zero

of gaga

Apr. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

0.

3g

d

Sam EST

555.3

29.3

25.0

22.9

22.0

20.4

25.5

30.7

29.4

30.3

28.1

24.8

22.2

20.9

19.7

18.4

17.5

16.3

15.0

13.9

kll.4

kll.3

kll.7

k!2.3

kll.9

k!2.0

k!2.2

kll.5

klO.6

klO.8

klO.8

o

M CM

3g

a

8am ESI

549.1

30.0

25.3

22.9

22.0

20.5

25.0

31.1

30.0

30.7

28.6

25.2

22.3

21.0

19.6

18.3

17.3

16.2

14.9

13.6

kll.3

kll.2

k!2.3

k!2.1

kll.5

kll.6

kll.5

klO.6

k9.4

k9.9

k9.9

|H 

.« CM

Jgd

Sam EST

541.6

31.9

26.8

23.7

22.6

21.2

25.1

32.2

31.5

32.2

30.3

26.7

23.4

21.9

20.3

18.7

17.8

16.7

15.3

14.2

k!2.0

kll.5

KL2.3

k!2.6

k!2.2

k!2.4

M.2.3

kll.5

klO.8

kll.2

kll.l

*S

iod

Sam EST

536.0

34.4

28.8

25.3

24.0

22.3

26.2

34.3

33.9

34.6

32.5

28.7

25.3

22.9

21.5

20.0

18.9

17.6

16.1

14.8

klO.8

klO.7

k!2.3

k!2.1

kll.8

kll.7

kll.8

klO.6

k9.1

k9.5

k9.9

n

I"'

d

Sam EST

528.2

37.3

31.4

27.7

26.1

24.5

27.8

36.4

36.8

37.2

35.2

31.4

28.0

25.7

23.8

21.9

20.0

18.5

16.8

15.3

kll.O

klO.5

k!2.3

k!2.0

kll.8

kll.5

kll.8

klO.5

k9.8

k9.7

k9.9

*3loft

Sam EST

520.1

40.8

35.0

30.6

28.6

27.0

30.0

39.7

41.1

41.0

39.0

35.2

31.5

28.7

26.5

24.4

22.7

21.1

19.2

17.4

13.3

klO.7

k!3.3

k!3.0

k!2.2

k!2.2

k!2.7

kll.O

klO.6

klO.5

klO.7

£

It -H 

CM

f

8am EST

-

557.4

551.9

_

-

-

_

_

-

557.8

555.8

552.3

-

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

530.6

529.7

529.8

_

_

_

_

-

P. 0

i 1

f

Sam EST

-

557.2

551.7

_

_

-

_

_

-

557.6

555.6

552.1

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

530.4

529.5

529.5

_

_

_

_

-

m

$a

d

Sam EST

512.1

43.0

37.3

32.5

30.3

28.9

32.1

42.3

44.9

43.8

41.5

38.1

34.6

31.6

29.2

26.8

24.8

23.0

20.8

19.1

16.0

k!2.1

KL3.9

KL3.5

k!3.3

kis.e

k!3.5

kll.8

kll.3

klO.7

kll.5

 P

§ 

a a <a > 

s *

 P 

CM

a

Sara EST

514.1

39.8

34.1

29.3

27.0

26.2

29.0

39.5

42.2

40.8

38.5

35.0

31.4

28.3

26.0

23.6

21.5

19.5

17.7

16.1

13.2

9.4

11.0

10.3

X>.3

10.8

10.4

8.9

8.6

8.2

8.8

MS

3g

d

Sam EST

502.6

47.4

41.7

36.5

34.0

32.5

35.6

46.0

49.6

48.3

45.9

43.0

39.0

35.6

33.0

30.6

28.4

26.5

24.1

22.2

19.5

k!4.4

k!5.9

15.6

16.1

16.4

16.3

k!3.7

k!3.9

k!3.8

klS.S

i>- M CM

d

8am EST

496.6

43.7

38.8

33.7

30.5

28.8

31.7

41.4

46.2

45.0

42.7

39.5

35.9

32.4

29.6

27.0

24.7

22.7

20.6

19.0

17.1

13.7

k!2.8

k!3.0

k!3.4

k!3.4

k!3.2

k!2.2

kll.O

kll.8

kll.5

o * *y.

tW -P ^

3 w

a

8am EST

492.0

45.2

40.2

34.8

31.6

29.6

32.5

42.4

47.6

46.5

44.1

41.0

37.2

33.6

30.5

27.6

25.1

23.0

20.8

18.8

16.9

13.5

klO.8

k!2.0

k!2.1

12.4

12.3

11.7

9.9

k9.3

k9.3

7am 

4

5

4

4

4

5

5

4

4

2

k

k

* Altitude, in feet, above mean sea level. 

a U.S. Weather Bureau gage.

d Pass sill gage. Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army. 
lable 8.- Sage height, in feet, at river-measurement stations o

Station

Gage

Time

' Zero

of gage

Feb. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

«:

a o

$ 8

o

a

8am EST

428.8

15.2

14.5

13.8

13.3

15.4

16.6

22.0

27.5

26.6

23.7

20.8

19.0

18.2

22.2

21.6

21.0

28.6

35.2

36.6

35.7

34.1

31.5

28.3

25.9

24.8

24.6

27.8

30.0

34.4

cfe

d

7am EST

425.3

15.6

15.2

14.3

13.9

15.4

16.6

20.8

27.1

26.7

23.8

20.6

19.1

18.2

22.7

22.5

20.8

27.2

34.0

35.8

35.1

33.6

31.2

28.3

26.0

25.1

25.1

28.4

30.4

34.0

I '

fe

d

7am EST

417.9

14.9

14.6

13.8

13.2

14.3

16.6

21.6

28.8

27.1

24.1

21.2

19.3

18.3

22.8

23.2

21.2

25.2

33.2

35.3

34.8

33.7

31.3

28.4

26.0

25.4

25.3

28.8

30.7

33.5

M n

la

d

7am EST

410.6

14.7

14.1

13.3

12.8

14.0

18.0

24.2

31.8

26.2

23.1

20.0

18.0

16.4

22.0

21.7

19.9

21.7

29.0

31.6

31.6

30.7

28.8

26.3

24.0

22.8

22.8

25.9

27.8

29.5

So * 

u rrf

«H O

3

f

7am CST

403.20

17.0

16.4

16.0

15.8

17.9

23.1

26.9

32.1

28.0

20.0

19.0

19.5

20.0

21.0

21.5

22.0

23.0

26.0

31.0

32.0

31.0

29.5

28.0

25.0

24.0

25.0

26.0

28.0

28.7

9 * 

*%

b

7am CST

403.0

13.2

12.9

12.7

12.0

11.4

11.2

11.6

12.5

15.7

14.5

13.6

12.7

12.2

12.7

13.5

13.2

12.8

13.4

15.0

15.3

15.3

14.8

14.0

13.2

12.9

13.1

14.9

16.1

16.6

Jo

fe

e

7am CST

372.06

17.6

17.2

16.5

16.4

14.6

15.5

16.6

19.5

33.6

29.8

26.3

23.6

21.8

23.1

25.8

25.5

24.2

29wt

35.3

37.6

37.5

36.4

34.0

31.4

29.5

28.5

29.4

32.8

34.2

n

^

h.

7am CST

368.4

13.5

13.5

12.0

11.6

10.6

11.2

12.2

14.8

28.2

27.1

23.6

21.0

18.2

18.9

21.8

22.3

20.7

24.0

30.7

33.7

34.2

33.5

31.4

28.7

26.4

24.8

24.9

28.6

30.1

9 '

&

h

7am CST

360.0

14.4

16.1

12.7

11.9

11.6

11.2

12.2

13.9

24.3

28.6

25.5

22.2

19.7

20.2

21.3

21.9

21.8

23.2

29.6

33.6

35.0

35.1

32.4

31.0

28.4

25.7

25.0

27.6

29.6

y.

&

h

7am CST

352.0

13.7

12.8

12.7

11.6

11.5

11.0

11.4

12.3

18.8

23.9

23.4

21.1

19.0

18.5

19.5

21.1

21.3

22.0

27.3

31.9

35.6

34.9

34.4

32.8

28.8

24.9

23.4

24.5

26.3

a

Ig

jjj 0

f

7am CST

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

-

_

_

-

_

-

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

-

_

-

IIIB

h

7am CST

341.1

12.8

11.4

11.6

10.9

10.3

10.0

9.9

10.4

11.9

18.4

20.0

19.1

17.9

19.0

19.6

21.6

23.6

25.5

30.8

34.3

37.4

38.6

39.9

38.7

31.3

25.9

22.7

21.4

22.3

II

&

h

7am CST

333.2

14.4

12.8

12.3

11.7

11.1

11.1

11.5

11.9

12.8

18.8

22.0

22.2

22.2

24.1

25.1

27.3

30.0

32.0

32.9

36.7

37.6

41.4

42.4

41.8

36.4

30.9"

25.9

24.9

25.1

7a

3

3

3

3

2

2

* Altitude, in feet, above mean sea level, b Upper gage. Corps of Engineers, U.S.Army, 

a U.S.Weather Bureau gaga. o U.S.Geological Surrey water stage recorder.

d Pass sill gage. Corps of 

f Corps of Engineers, U.S
Table 8.-Ga

Station

Gage

Dime

* Zero

of gage

liar. 1

2

3

4

5'

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

s

If

s

a

8am EST

428.8

39.1

42.2

43.5

42.7

40.5

37.0

33.7

30.2

27.8

26.5

25.4

24.4

23.3

22.8

24.4

28.0

33.8

38.6

42.7

47.0

51.7

54.8

57.0

58.7

59.5

59.5

59.8

60.6

59.8

58.8

57.6

e3fi

fes

d

7am EST

425.3

38.4

41.5

42.7

42.2

40.1

36.9

33.3

30.1

27.8

26.4

25.4

24.4

23.3

22.7

23.8

27.0

32.3

37.3

41.4

45.4

50.0

53.2

55.6

57.3

58.5

58.6

58.9

59.6

59.3

58.4

57.1

Jg

d

7am EST

417.9

37.4

40.5

41.9

41.5

39.9

36.9

33.4

30.2

27.7

26.2

25.2

24.2

23.1

22.3

23.1

26.0

31.3

36,6

40.5

44.4

48.7

51.8

54.2

56.0

57.5

57.7

58.2

59.1

58.8

58.0

56.7

to n

d

7am EST

410.6

33.0

35.6

37.0

37.1

35.9

33.6

30.8

27.9

25.5

24.0

23.1

22.2

21.2

20.2

20.6

22.8

27.6

33.0

36.4

39.5

43.3

45.9

48.0

49.7

51.0

51.6

52.4

53.3

53.5

52.9

51.8

.

w *d

 H n

I

f

7am CST

403.20

32.0

33.9

34.3

35.6

34.7

32.8

30.4

27.8

24.5

23.8

23.0

-

22.1

21.7

21.5

22.9

26.9

32.2

35.1

37.8

41.4

43.9

46.0

47.8

48.9

49.8

50.7

51.8

52.0

51.6

50.5

Jo

b

7am OST

403.0

16.6

16.2

16.9

17.9

17.7

17.1

17.6

16.9

16.9

17.4

17.3

17.3

17.1

17.0

16.8

16.9

17.2

16.3

16.3

18.8

22.8

26.0

28.6

30.7

32.4

33.6

34.7

35.8

36.5

36.4

35.7

ge hei^it, in feet, at river-measurement stations On the Ohi

»H

g

7am CST

372.06

37.3

41.6

43.9

45.3

45.0

43.0

39.1

35.7

32.4

29.4

28.1

26.8

25.9

24.6

24.1

25.5

29.6

37.2

42.7

46.3

50.7

54.3

57.1

59.4

61.2

62.4

63.6

64.8

65.5

65.5

64.8

|^

h

7am OST

368.4

32.8

36.2

40.1

41.7

41.8

40.1

36.7

32.8

29.2

26.0

24.1

22.6

21.6

20.3

19.6

20.5

24.8

32.6

38.4

42.3

46.3

50.0

52.8

55.2

57.0

58.4

59.7

61.0

62.0

62.0

61.4

3 a&

h

7am OST

360.0

31.7

35.4

38.8

40.7

41.3

40.2

37.5

34.0

30.2

26.9

24.6

23.1

21.7

20.5

19.3

19.2

22.5

29.9

36.2

40.6

44.5

48.6

51.5

53.9

55.8

57.2

58.5

59.8

60.5

60.7

60.3

D .

Il

7am OST

352.0

28.0

30.9

34.0

36.0

37.0

36.5

34.7

31.8

28.5

25.5

23.0

21.6

20.3

19.3

18.2

17.7

19.7

25.2

31.1

35.3

38.5

41.8

44.5

46.4

48.0

49.1

50.4

51.5

52.1

52.5

52.4

a

%i

I

f

7am CST

-

_

-

_

_

-

_

_

-

_

-

_

_

-

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

385.75

388.13

389.73

391.07

392.05

393.10

393.75

394.25

394.58

394.60

fi

h

7am OST

341.1

23.5

25.3

27.8

29.9

31.1

31.5

30.8

29.0

26.7

24.0

21.3

19.5

18.4

17.3

16.5

15.9

16.1

19.1

24.4

28.5

31.5

34.2

36.4

37.8

39.2

40.3

41.3

42.1

42.6

43.0

43.1

to

3g

h

7am OST

333.2

26.1

27.7

29.9

31.7

33.2

33.9

33.7

32.3

30.2

27.1

24.7

22.3

21.1

19.7

18.5

17.6

17.6

20.4

25.6

31.0

33.6

36.0

37.9

39.3

40.0

41.3

42.3

43.1

43.5

44.0

44.1

3 H 

> 

f

7am 

32

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

3

3

2

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

2

2

3

3

3

3

3

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

* Altitude, in feet, above mean sea level, b Upper gage. Corps of Engineers', U.S.Army. d Pass sill gage. Corps of E

a U.S.Weather Bureau gage. o U.S. Geological Survey water stage recorder, f Corps of Engineers, U.S. Arm
Table 8.-Page height, in feet, at river-measurement stations on the Oh

Station

Gage

Tim*

* Zero

of gage

Apr. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

"

.?

1°

§1

o

a

Sam EST

428.8

56.0

54.0

50.6

46.6

42.5

43.9

46.7

49.6

52.5

54.0

53.6

52.0

49.1

45.6

41.6

37.5

34.1

31.1

28.7

26.3

24.2

21.9

19.2

17.7

17..5

17.4

17.2

17.2

16.2

13.8

Altituc

g£

Ig*

7am BST

425.3

55.5

53.5

50.7

46.8

42.5

43.5

46.3

48.5

51.4

53.0

53.0

51.7

49.1

45.5

41.6

37.7

34.1

31.1

28.6

26.4

24.5

22.3

19.5

18.1

17.8

17.6

17.5

17.5

17.1

k!4.1

-g S

&

7am EST

417.9

55.2

53.3

50.8

47.0

42.8

43.6

46.1

47.7

50.4

52.3

52.7

51.7

49.3

45.9

41.9

37.9

34.3

31.1

28.6

26.2

24.6

22.3

19.9

18.1

17.6

17.5

17.3

17.2

16.8

14.7

 3"

3g'

7am EST

410.6

50.4

49.0

46.8

43.7

40.0

40.4

42.7

43.9

46.0

47.9

48.6

48.0

46.0

43.0

39.4

35.7

32.1

29.1

26.7

24.5

22.6

20.8

18.8

16.9

16.2

16.1

16.0

15.8

15.6

14.4

a

§ a

I

7am CST

403.20

49.2

47.7

45.8

43.0

39.7

40.0

41.7

42.8

44.6

46.6

47.7

46.8

45.2

42.3

39.0

35.2

31.7

28.9

26.8

24.9

23.6

22.2

20.9

19.9

19.4

19.3

19.2

19.1

19.0

18.4

 H

( * g

7am CST

403.0

34.4

32.9

31.1

28.5

25.0

23.8

24.9

26.2

27.5

29.8

31.2

31.6

30.4

27.8

24.4

20.3

17.0

17.4

17.4

17.5

17.4

17.3

17.6

17.3

17.2

17.3

17.2

17.0

16.9

16.6

£*

Sg

g

7am CST

372.06

63.5

62.1

60.3

57.7

54.1

52.7

53.8

55.1

56.5

58.6

60.2

60.7

59.5

57.0

53.5

49.1

43.9

38.1

34.1

30.8

27.9

25.8

22.8

20.8

19.3

18.6

18.5

18.4

18.4

18.2

.«3

Sg

h

7am CST

368.4

60.2

59.0

57.3

55.1

51.8

50.2

51.1

52.3

53.2

55.0

56.6

57.2

56.5

54.4

51.1

47.1

42.1

36.3

31.5

27.8

24.7

22.5

19.8

17.5

15.5

14.5

14.2

14.0

13.9

13.6

*3

Ig

h

7am CST

360.0

59.5

58.4

57.1

55.1

52.4

50.6

51.1

51.8

52.5

54.0

55.8

56.5

56.1

54.4

51.7

48.2

43.3

38.0

33.0

29.2

26.0

23.3

21.2

18.3

16.1

14.7

14.2

13.8

13.6

13.5

 g"

Ig

h

7am CST

352.0

51.9

51.1

50.0

46.9

47.0

46.1

45.5

45.8

46.1

47.2

46.3

49.1

49.1

46.3

46.5

44.0

40.9

36.7

32.3

28.4

25.2

22.7

20.4

17.9

15.8

14.4

13.5

13.2

15.0

12.9

.

 p .

io

f

7am CST

-

394.37

393.86

393.30

392.40

391.10

390.30

389.80

389.75

390.00

390.70

391.50

392.13

392.35

391.87

390.67

388.85

386.50

383.33

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

_

 g^

Sg

h

7am CST

341.1

42.9

42.7

42.3

41.9

40.9

40.2

39.6

39.3

39.3

39.7

40.2

40.8

41.2

41.1

40.4

39.3

37.7

35.4

32.5

29.4

26.3

23.4

20.6

18.1

15.7

13.9

12.9

12.2

11.8

11.8 j

Le, in feet, above mean sea level. c U.S. Geological Survey water stage reoorc

3$

3 it

h

7am CST

333.2

44.1

44.0

43.7

43.4

42.9

42.5

42.0

41.7

41.6

41.8

42.0

42.4

42.7

42.8

42.5

41.8

40.9

39.5

37.4

34.8

31.7

28.5

25.3

22.2

18.9

16.4

14.8

13.8

13.3

13.0

S1-

§

£

7am 

32

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

3

3

3

3

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

ler. 

a U.S. Weather Bureau gage. d Fags Bill gage. Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army. 

b Upper gage, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army. f Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, gage. 
FLOODS OP MAHCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 9.-Gage height, in feet, on the Ohio River, at indicated time, 1936 

Upper gage at Emsworth Dam

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

5

5

7

9

11

March 16

22.3

22.5

22.2

22.1

22.1

22.2

22.4

22.5

22.6

22.8

23.2

23.5

March 24

24.3

24.3

24.3

24.3

24.5

24.4

24.6

24.8

24.9

25.1

25.4

25.8

March 17

23.9

24.4

25.0

25.7

26.7

27.6

28.6

29.7

31.0

32.0

33.0

34.1

March 25

26.2

26.8

27.4

28.1

28.8

29.2

29.6

29.9

30.2

30.4

30.4

50.5

March 18

35.4

35.9

36.9

37.7

38.6

39.3

39.9

40.6

41.2

41.7

42.2

42.3

March 26

30.5

30.5

30.4

50.3

30.3

30.3

30.1

30.0

29.9

29.8

29.7

29.5

March 19

42.2

41.1

40.5

39.2

38.2

37.0

35.9

34.8

33.8

32.8

31.9

31.0

March 27

29.3

29.2

29.1

28.8

28.7

28.5

28.3

28.1

28.0

27.9

27.8

27.8

March 20

30.6

29.9

29.4

28.8

28.3

27.8

27.4

27.0

26.6

26.3

26.0

25.8

March 28

27.8

27.8

27.8

27.9

28.0

28.1

28.2

28.2

28.3

28.4

28.4

28.4

March 21

25.6

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.3

25.3

25.4

25,4

25.4

25.5

25.5

March 29

28.3

28.2

28.0

27.8

27.6

27.4

27.2

27.0

26.8

26.5

26.3

26.1

March 22

25.5

25.4

25.4

25.2

25.2

25.1

24.9

24.7

24.5

24.3

24.2

24.2

March 30

26.0

25.8

25.6

25.4

25.2

25.0

24.8

24.7

24.5

24.3

24.2

24.0

March 23

24.2

24.2

24.2

24.2

24.2

24.2

24.2

24.2

24.3

24.3

24.3

24.4

March 31

23.9

23.8

23.7

23.5

23.4

23.2

23.1

23.0

22.8

22.7

22.6

22 .«

Upper gage at Baahleld's Dam

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 16

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

March 24

20.4

20.4

20.4

20.4

20.4

20.45

20.5

20.6

20.7

20.8

21.1

21.3

March 17

19.9

20.2

20.55

21.6

21.6

22.4

23.4

24.8

26.2

27.8

29.4

31.0

March 25

21.6

22.1

23.1

24.0

24.8

25.5

26.3

26.8

27.2

27.45

27.7

27.9

March 18

32.7

34.3

35.75

37.2

38.55

39.8

40.95

42.0

42.85

43.5

43.9

44.05

March 26

28.0

28.0

27.9

27.8

27.6

27.6

27.45

27.4

27.25

27.15

26.9

26.7

March 19

44.05

43.85

43.35

42.6

41.5

40.0

38.6

37.1

35.5

34.0

32.45

31.0

March 27

26.6

26.5

26.2

26.1

25.8

25.4

25.2

24.9

24.7

24.6

24.5

24.35

March 20

29.75

28.7

27.65

26.75

26.1

25.1

24.4

23.9

23.3

22.6

22.0

21.7

March 28

24.3

24.2

24.2

24.2

24.3

_

24.55

24.6

24.7

24.75

24.8

24.8

March 21

21.4

21.2

21.1

21.05

21.05

21.05

21.05

21.05

21.1

21.1

21.15

21.2

March 29

24.7

24.6

24.5

24.4

24.0

_

23.45

23.1

22.7

22.3

22.0

21.8

March 22

21.2

21.2

21.1

21.05

20.95

20.85

20.75

20.65

20.5

20.4

£0.4

20.3

March 30

21.6

21.45

21.3

21.15

21.0

20.9

20.75

20.6

20.5

20.4

20.3

20.2

March 23

20.3

20.3

20.3

20.3

20.25

20.3

20.35

20.35

20.3

20.3

20.4

20.4

March 31

20.15

20.05

20.0

19.9

19.8

19.75

19.7

19.6

19.55

19.5

19.4

19.4

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 4

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 16

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

_

_

-

March 24

21.05

21.1

21.15

21.15

21.2

21.4

21.6

21.8

22.1

22.5

23.0

23.4

March 17

_

20.7

21.3

22.4

23.5

24.6

25.6

27.3

28.9

30.9

33.0

35.0

March 25

24.0

24.8

25.5

26.4

27.2

28.2

29.1

29.9

30.5

31.1

31.5

31.9

March 18

36.4

38.4

40.1

41.5

42.8

44.1

45.4

46.4

47.7

48.9

49.5

49.8

March 26

32.0

32.1

32.0

32.0

31.8

31.6

31.5

31.3

31.1

30.9

30.7

30.4

March 19

49.8

49.5

49.1

48.7

47.5

46.2

44.7

43.3

41.9

40.4

38.5

36.6

March 27

30.2

29.8

29.4

29.2

28.8

28.5

28.2

27.8

27.5

27.2

27.0

26.8

March 20

35.3

33.7

32.4

31.0

29.7

28.1

27.5

26.5

25.7

25.0

24 .-3

23.6

March 28

26.6

26.4

26.4

26.4

26.5

26.5

26.5

26.6

26.65

26.8

26.8

26.7

March 21

23.2

22.8

22.6

22.5

22.5

22.4

22.2

22.2

22.2

22.2

22.2

22.2

March 29

26.65

26.6

26.5

26.3

26.0

25.6

25.4

25.2

24.8

24.4

24.0

23.6

March 22

22.3

22.3

22.2

22.1

21.9

21.7

21.5

21.3

21.1

20.9

20.7

20.5

March 30

23.25

22.6

22.6

22.3

22.1

21.8

21.5

21.2

21.0

20.8

20.6

20.35

March 23

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

March 31

_

_

_

.

_

.

_

_

_

_

-
OHIO RIVER BASIN

Table 9.-Gage height, in feet, on the Ohio River, at indicated time, 1936 Continued 

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. E

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 16

_

_

-

-

_

_

-

_

-

-

-

-

March 24

24.8

24.9

25.1

25.3

25.4

25.5

25.7

26.1

26.5

26.9

27.4

27.6

March 17

23.4

24.0

24.7

25.4

26.2

27.5

28.4

29.6

30.9

32.8

34.8

36.7

March 25

28.1

28.7

29.3

31.0

31.7

32.4

32.7

33.5

34.2

34.7

35.1

35.4

March 18

38.5

40.2

41.4

42.8

44.5

45.8

47.7

48.7

49.9

50.9

51.3

51.6

March 26

35.5

35.6

35.6

35.6

35.4

35.3

35.1

35.0

34.8

34.5

34.3

34.0

March 19

51.7

51.7

50.9

49.6

49.0

48.4

46.9

46.6

46.3

45.9

45.3

45.0

March 27

33.6

33.3

33.1

32.8

32.4

32.1

31.7

31.4

31.2

30.8

30.4

30.2

March 20

42.3

38.2

37.2

35.5

33.7

32.3

31.1

30.6

29.2

28.6

28.0

27.4

March 28

30.0

29.8

29.6

29.5

29.5

29.7

29.7

29.7

29.8

29.9

29.9

29.9

March 21

26.9

26.5

26.1

26.0

25.9

25.9

25.9

25.8

25.8

25.8

25.8

25.8

March 29

29.9

29.9

29.6

29.4

29.2

28.9

28.5

28.3

28.0

27.5

27.2

26.8

March 22

25.8

25.8

25.8

25.8

25.4

25.2

25.0

24.8

24.7

24.5

24.4

24.2

March 30

26.7

26.4

26.1

25.8

25.5

25.3

25.1

24.7

24.5

24.4

24.1

23.7

March 23

24.3

24.3

24.3

24.3

24.2

24.2

24.2

24.2

24.2

24.2

24.4

24.6

March 31

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 6

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 16

_

_

_

-

_

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

March 24

27.14

27.24

27.44

27.54

27.64

27.74

27.94

28.24

28.44

28.84

29.34

29.64

March 17

25.64

26.04

26.74

27.44

28.24

29.34

30.04

31.24

32.64

34.24

35.94

37.64

March 25

30.14

30.64

31.34

31.94

33.14

33.54

34.34

35.14

35.64

36.24

36.64

36.94

March 18

39.44

41.24

42.84

44.34

45.54

47.04

48.24

49.74

50.74

51.54

_

-

March 26

37.24

37.34

37.34

37.24

37.14

36.94

36.84

36.64

36.54

36.24

35.94

35.74

March 19

_

_

54.9

_

_

-

50.04

48.94

47.64

46.34

44.54

42.74

March 27

35.54

35.24

34.94

34.64

34.34

34.04

33.64

33.34

33.04

32.74

32.44

32.24

March 20

41.34

39.84

38.44

37.24

35.54

34.54

33.34

32.44

31.44

30.64

30.04

29.54

March 28

31.94

31.74

31.64

31.54

31.54

31.44

31.44

31.64

31.74

31.74

31.74

31.74

March 21

29.04

28.74

28.44

28.34

28.14

28.04

27.94

27.94

27.94

27.94

27.94

27.94

March 29

31.74

31.64

31.44

31.34

31.14

30.84

30.54

30.24

30.04

29.74

29.44

29.14

March 22

27.94

27.94

27.84

27.74

27.64

27.44

27.34

27.14

27.04

26.94

26.74

26.64

March 30

28.74

28.54

28.24

28.04

27.74

27.54

27.24

27.14

26.94

26.74

26.54

26.24

March 23

26.54

26.54

26.54

26.54

26.54

26.54

26.54

26.54

26.54

26.64

26.74

26.94

March 31

26.04

25.84

25.64

25.54

25.34

25.14

25.04

24.94

24.84

24.64

24.44

24.24

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 7

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 16

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

March 24

25.5

25.8

26.0

26.2

26.4

26.6

26.9

27.1

27.4

27.9

28.3

28.8

March 17

_

-

24.3

25.1

26.2

27.5

28.4

29.5

30.9

32.4

34.4

36.2

March 25

29.2

29.6

30.4

31.1

31.8

33.0

33.8

34.7

35.4

36.0

36.5

37.0

March 18

38.0

39.8

41.6

43.7

44.6

46.2

47.4

49.0

50.3

51.3

51.9

52.7

March 26

37 .2

37.4

37.4

37.5

37.4

37.4

37.2

37.1

36.8

36.6

36.4

36.1

March 19

53.1

53.5

53.5

53.3

52.7

51.8

51.0

49.9

49.0

47.5

46.2

44.9

March 27

35.9

35.6

35.4

35.1

34.8

34.4

34.2

34.0

33.3

33.0

32.6

32.2

March 20

43.5

42.1

40.7

39.3

38.0

37.0

35.5

34.3

33.0

31.7

30.8

30.1

March 28

31.9

31.7

31.4

31.3

31.1

31.1

31.1

31.2

31.2

31.2

31.2

31.2

March 21

29.4

28.7

28.3

28.0

27.6

27.0

26.6

26.8

26.8

26.8

26.8

26.7

March 29

31.2

31.2

31.0

31.0

30.9

30.7

30.4

30.1

29.6

29.2

28.9

28.6

March 22

26.7

26.7

26.6

26.5

26.3

26.2

26.0

25.8

25.6

25.4

25.2

25.1

March 30

28.1

27.7

27.4

27.1

27.0

26.5

26.2

25.9

25.6

25.2

25.0

24.6

March 23

25.0

25.0

24.9

24.9

24.9

24.9

24.9

24.9

24.9

24.9

25.1

25.3

March 31

_

_

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

_

-

-
FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AMD UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 9.-Gage height, in feet, on the Ohio River, at indicated time, 1936 Continued 

Pass sill gage at Lock No. 8

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 16

_

_

_

-

-

_

-

-

-

_

-

-

March 24

24.2

24.4

24.6

24.8

25.0

25.2

25.4

25 .6

26.1

26.5

26.9

27.3

March 17

_

_

.

_

24.0

25.1

26.1

27.0

28.4

29.9

31.4

33.1

March 25

27.9

28.4

28.8

29.3

30.0

30.9

31.7

32.5

33.2

34.0

34.6

35.0

March 18

34.8

36.6

38.4

39.8

41.3

42.8

44.2

45.4

46.6

47.6

48.6

49.4

March 26

35.5

35.7

35.9

35.9

35.9

35.8

35.8

35.7

35.5

35.4

35.3

35.1

March 19

50.0

50.7

51.0

51.0

50.6

50.3

50.0

49.1

48.3

47.3

46.2

44.8

March 27

34.8

34.6

34.4

34.1

33.7

33.5

33.1

32.8

32.6

32.1

31.7

31.4

March 20

43.8

42.8

41.4

39.9

38.8

 37.5

35.9

34.9

33.8

32.7

31.6

30.5

March 28

31.1

30.8

30.6

30.4

30.2

30.0

30.0

29.9

29.9

30.0

30.0

30.0

March 21

29.5

28.7

28.1

27.5

26.8

26.5

26.3

26.1

25.9

25.7

25.6

25.5

March 29

30.0

30.0

29.9

29.7

29.5

29.4

29.2

28.9

28.6

28.3

28.0

27.6

March 22

25.4

25.4

25.3

25.3

25.2

25.2

25.0

24.8

24.6

24.4

24.2

24.0

March 30

27.2

26.8

26.4

26.1

25.8

25.6

25.4

25.0

24.5

24.2

23.9

23.6

March 23

24.0

24.0

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

24.0

March 31

_

-

-

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 9

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 16

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

_

-

-

March 24

23.6

23.8

24.0

24.2

24.5

24.7

24.8

25.1

25.3

25.9

26.3

26.7

March 17

_

_

_

_

_

24.0

25.0

26.2

27.3

28.6

30.2

31.8

March 25

27.1

27.6

28.2

28.6

29.4

30.1

30.8

31.7

32.6

33.2

33.9

34.5

March 18

33.6

35.5

37.1

38.7

40.4

41.9

43.2

44.5

45.6

46.8

47.9

49.0

March 26

35.0

35.4

35.6

35.8

35.9

35.9

35.9

35.9

35.7

35.6

35.4

35.3

March 19

49.8

50.3

50.9

51.2

51.3

51.1

50.6

50.4

50.0

49.2

48.3

47.3

March 27

35.1

34.9

34.7

34.5

34.2

34.0

33.6

33.4

32.9

32.7

32.2

31.9

March 20

45.7

44.3

43.1

42.1

40.7

39.3

38.1

36.9

35.5

34.3

33.2

32.2

March 28

31.6

31.2

30.9

30.6

30.4

30.2

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

March 21

31.2

30.4

29.4

28.6

28.0

27.4

27.1

26.5

26.2

25.9

25.7

25.6

March 29

29.9

29.8

29.7

29.6

29.5

29.4

29.1

28.9

28.6

28.2

27.9

27.6

March 22

25.3

25.1

25.1

25.1

24.9

24.8

24.7

24.5

24.2

24.1

24.0

23.9

March 30

27.2

26.7

26.4

26.2

25.8

25.4

25.1

84.7

24.4

24.1

_

-

March 23

23.8

23.6

23.5

23.5

23.4

23.4

23.3

23.3

23.2

23.2

23.3

23.5

March 31

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

-

Paas sill gage at Lock Ho. 10

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

lam

5

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 16

_

-

_

-

_

_

-

-

_

-

-

.March 24

.

25.1

25.3

25.5

25.7

25.8

26.0

26.4

26.7

26.9

27.2

27.6

March 17

_

-

_

-

_

_

25.9

26.9

27.7

29.3

30.4

31.8

March 25

28.1

28.7

29.1

29.5

30.2

30.9

31.5

32.4

33.1

33.8

34.7

35.3

March 18

33.6

35.3

37.0

38.6

40.2

41.6

43.2

44.4

45.6

46.9

48.0

49.2

March 26

35.8

36.3

36.7

36.9

37.1

37.2

37.2

37.3

37.3

37.3

37.1

36.9

March 19

50.0

51.0

51.6

52.1

52.4

52.5

52.4

52.2

51.8

51.2

50.4

49.6

March 27

36.9

36.7

36.5

36.3

36.1

35.9

35.7

35.4

35.0

34.7

34.4

34.0

March 20

48.7

47.7

46.6

45.4

44.3

43.1

41.9

40.5

39.5

38.1

37.0

35.8

March 28

33.6

33.3

32.9

32.6

32.3

32.0

31.7

31.7

31.6

31.6

31.5

31.4

March 21

34.8

33.8

32.9

32.0

31.2

30.5

29.8

29.2

28.8

28.4

28.0

27.7

March 29

31.4

31.3

31.2

31.2

31.2

30.9

30.7

30.5

30.3

30.1

29.8

29.5

March 22

27.5

27.2

27.0

26.9

26.7

26.4

26.3

26.1

25.9

25.7

25.6

25.6

March 30

29.0

28.8

28*4

27.9

27.5

27.1

26.7

26.4

26.0

25.8

25.5

25.1

March 23

25.6

25.4

25.3

25.1

_

_

_

_

,.

_

-

-

March 31

..

_

_

,.

_

_

_

_

_

,.

_

-
OHIO RIVER BASIN 247

Table 9.-Gage height, in feet, on the Ohio River, at indicated time, 1936 Continued

Pass sill ge at Lock No. 11

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 16

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

_

-

March 24

26.0

26.1

26.2

26.4

26.6

26.8

27.0

27.1

27.3

27.6

27.9

28.2

March 17

22.8

23.1

23.5

24.1

24.9

25.8

26.6

27.5

28.3

29.2

30.3

31.7

March 25

28.6

29.0

29.4

29.9

30.4

31.0

31.7

32.4

33.1

33.9

34.6

35.3

March 18

33.0

34.6

36.3

37.7

39.3

40.7

42.0

43.6

44.8

46.0

47.3

48.6

March 26

35.9

36.5

36.9

37.3

37.5

37.7

37.9

38.0

38.0

38.0

38.0

38.0

March 19

49.5

50.3

51.1

52.0

53.0

53.3

53.4

53.4

53.0

52.6

52.2

51.7

March 27

37.9

37.8

37.6

37.4

37.3

37.2

37.0

36.8

36.5

36.2

35.9

35.5

March 20

50.9

50.1

49.1

48.1

46.8

45.6

44.6

43.8

42.6

41.2

40.2

39.1

March 28

35.2

34.8

34.5

34.1

33.8

33.6

33.1

32.9

32.9

32.8

32.7

32.6

March 21

38.0

36.9

35.9

35.0

34.1

33.4

32.8

32.0

31.2

30.6

30.2

29.6

March 29

32.6

32.5

32.4

32.3

32.3

32.1

31.9

31.7

31.5

31.3

31.0

30.7

March 22

29.3

29.0

28.7

28.5

28.3

28.0

27.8

27.6

27.4

27.3

27.3

27.2

March 30

30.4

30.0

29.6

29.2

28.8

28.4

28.0

27.6

27.3

27.0

26.7

26.3

March 23

27.1

27.0

26.8

26.6

26.5

26.3

26.2

26.1

26.0

26.0

25.9

26.0

March 31

25.9

25.6

25.3

24.9

24.6

24.3

24.0

23.7

23.4

23.2

22.9

22.7

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho, 12

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 16

_

_

_

_

_

_

-

-

_

-

-

-

March 24

27.4

27.4

27.6

27.8

27.9

28.0

28.2

28.3

28.5

28.8

29.0

29.3

March 17

23.7

23.9

24.5

25.1

25.9

26.7

27.6

28.3

29.3

30.3

31.1

32.0

March 25

29.6

30.0

30.4

30.9

31.3

31.9

32.5

33.2

33.9

34.7

35.4

36.2

March 18

33.1

34.4

36.3

37.9

39.3

40.9

42.3

43.8

45.1

46.4

47.8

49.2

March 26

36.8

37.4

37.9

38.4

38.7

39.0

39.2

39.4

39.6

39.6

39.6

39.6

March 19

50.5

51.6

52.7

53.6

54.4

55.0

55.4

55.5

55.5

55.4

55.1

54.6

March 27

39.6

39.6

39.4

39.3

39.2

39.1

39.0

38.9

38.7

38.4

38.0

37.7

March 20

54.0

53.3

52.6

51.9

50.8

49.7

48.2

47.0

45.9

44.7

43.6

42.5

March 28

37.3

36.9

36.6

36.2

35.9

35.5

35.2

35.0

34.8

34.6

34.5

34.3

March 21

41.3

40.2

39.2

38.2

37.3

36.6

35.6

35.0

34.2

33.5

32.9

32.3

March 29

34.2

34.1

34.1

34.0

33.9

33.7

33.6

33.4

33.3

33.1

32.8

32.4

March 22

31.8

31.4

31.0

30.6

30.3

30.1

29.8

29.5

29.3

29.2

29.2

29.1

March 30

32.1

31.8

31.4

31.0

30.6

30.2

29.8

29.4

29.0

28.6

28.2

27.9

March 23

29.0

28.8

28.6

28.4

28.3

28.0

27.8

27.7

27.6

27.5

27.5

27.5

March 31

27.5

27.1

26.7

26.3

26.0

25.6

25.3

24.9

24.6

24.3

24.1

23.8

Pasrs sill gage at Lock Ho. 13

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

lam

3

6

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 16

_

_

-

-

_

_

_

_

-

-

-

-

March 24

31.0

31.0

31.0

31.0

31.1

31.2

31.4

31.5

31.7

31.9

32.1

32.3

March 17

26.3

26.7

27.2

27.9

28.7

29.7

30.5

31.3

32.0

32.8

33.6

34.4

March 25

32.7

33.1

33.5

33.7

34.2

34.8

35.3

35.9

36.5

37.1

38.1

38.9

March 18

35.8

37.2

38,5

40.1

41.5

42.9

44.2

45.7

47.1

48.4

49.6

50.8

March 26

39.5

40.1

40.7

41.2

41.6

42.0

42.3

42.5

42.7

42.7

42.8

42.9

March 19

52.2

53.4

54.4

55.2

56.1

56.7

57.3

57.5

57.7

57.8

57.7

57.4

March 27

42.9

42.8

42.8

42.8

42.7

42.6

42.6

42.4

42.2

42.0

41.7

41.4

March 20

56.9

56.4

55.8

55.1

54.3

53.2

52.3

51.2

50.3

49.0

47.9

47.0

March 28

41.0

40.7

40.3

39.9

39.6

39.2

38.9

38.7

38.5

38.3

38.1

37.9

March 21

46.2

45.0

44.0

43.0

42.0

41.1

40.4

39.5

38.6

37.9

37.2

36.7

March 29

37.7

37.5

37.5

37.4

37.3

37.2

37.1

36.9

36.7

36.5

36.3

36.1

March 22

36.1

35.7

35.2

34.8

34.3

34.0

33.6

33.3

33.2

33.1

33.0

32.9

March .30

35.7

35.3

35.0

34.6

34.2

33.7

33.3

32.9

32.5

32.1

31.8

31.4

March 23

32.8

32.6

32.4

32.2

31.9

31.6

31.4

31.3

31.1

31.1

31.0

31.0

March 31

30.9

30.5

30.1

29.7

29.3

28.9

28.6

28.2

27.8

27.5

27.2

26.9

208 O 37 17
248 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 9.-Gage height, in feet, on the Ohio River, at indicated time, 1936 Continued 

Pass sill gage at Lock No. 14

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 18

33.6

34.7

35.7

36.8

38.3

39.2

40.4

41.8

43.0

44.1

45.4

46.6

March 19

47.8

48.8

49.7

50.6

51.4

52.3

52.9

53.6

54.0

54.5

54.6

54.6

March 20

54.6

54.4

54.1

53.7

53.1

52.6

51.9

51.2

50.5

49.6

48.4

47.5

March 21

46.8

46.1

45.3

44.3

43.2'

42.6

41.9

41.0

40.3

39.4

38.8

37.9

March 22

37.4

36.8

36.2

35.6

35.3

34.8

34.4

33.9

33.7

33.5

33.4

33.4

March 26

37.1

37.7

38.3

38.9

39.3

39.7

40.1

40.4

40.7

40.9

41.0

41.1

March 27

41.2

41.3

41.4

41.4

41.4

41.4

41.4

41.4

4J. 2

41.1

40.9

40.7

March 28

40.4

40.1

39.8

39.6

39.1

38.9

38.6

38.3

38.0

37.8

37.5

37.3

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 15

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 18

31.9

32.5

33.4

34.3

35.3

36.3

37.4

38.4

39.6

40.6

41.8

42.9

March 19

43.7

44.8

45.8

46.8

47.8

48.7

49.8

50.4

51.0

51.6

52.0

52.3

March 20

52.5

52.6

52.5

52.3

51.9

51.5

51.3

50.9

50.5

50.0

49.0

48.0

March 21

47.1

46.5

45.7

45.0

44.2

43.4

42.9

42.2

41.2

40.7

40.1

39.2

March 22

38.6

38.1

37.5

36.9

36.5

35.9

35.5

35.1

34.8

34.4

34.2

34.1

March 26

35.2

35.7

36.3

36.9

37.3

37.7

38.1

38.5

38.8

39.0

39.2

39.4

March 27

39.6

39.7

39.8

39.9

40.0

40.0

40.1

40.1

40.1

40.0

39.9

39.8

March 28

39.7

39.4

39.2

39.0

38.7

38.4

38.2

37.9

 37.7

37.4

37.2

36.8

Pass a ill gage at Lock Ho. 16

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 18

31.5

32.0

32.7

33.3

34.2

35.0

36.0

36.8

37.8

38.7

39.6

40.6

March 19

41.5

42.4

43.3

44.2

45.0

46.0

46.7

47.4

48.2

48.8

49.4

49.8

March 20

50.2

50.4

50.5

50.6

50.6

50.4

50.2

50.0

49.6

49.2

48.8

48.3

March 21

47.7

47.2

46.6

46.2

45.6

45.0

44.4

43.8

43.2

42.6

42.1

41.6

March 22

40.9

40.3

39.8

39.3

38.8

38.3

37.8

37.4

36.8

36.4

36.0

35.7

March 26

_

35.2

_

_

36.6

_

-

37.7

_

_

38.5

-

March 27

_

39.1

_

_

39.5

_

_

39.7

_

_

39.8

-

March 28

_

39.6

_

_

39.2

_

_

38.4

_

_

37.8

-

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 17

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 18

29.7

30.1

30.5

31.0

31.6

32.2

32.7

33.3

33.9

34.6

35.2

35.8

March 19

36.5

37.1

37.7

38.4

39.1

39.8

40.4

41.0

41.7

42.4

43.0

4'3.6

March 20

44.1

44.7

45.1

45.5

45.7

45.95

46.15

46.2

46.2

46.2

46.15

46.0

March 21

45.7

45.55

45.3

45.0

44.7

44.3

44.0

43.6

43.3

43.0

42.7

42.3

March 22

41.8

41.4

41.0

40.7

40.2

39.9

39.5

39.0

38.6

38.2

37.8

37.4

March 27

_

36.7

_

-

37.2

-

-

37.6

-

_

38.0

March 28

_

38.1

_

-

37.9

-

-

37.5

_

_

37.0

March 29

_

36.4

_

_

35.8

_

-

35.2

_

_

34.6

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 18

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 18

31.7

32.2

32.7

33.2

33.8

34.2

34.8

35.3

35.8

36.4

36.9

37.5

March 19

38.1

38.6

39.3

39.8

40.3

41.0

41.7

42.3

43.0

43.7

44.2

44.8

March 20

45.4

46.0

46.5

46.9

47.3

47.6

47.9

48.1

48.3

48.4

48.6

48.6

March 21

48.6

48.5

48.4

48.2

48.0

47.8

47.6

47.3

47.1

46.8

46.6

46.3

March 22

46.0

45.6

45.3

44.9

44.6

£4.2

43.8

43.4

43.0

42.7

42.3

41.9

March 27

_

39.1

_

_

39.6

_

_

40.1

_

_

40.5

-

March 28

_

40.8

_

_

40.7

_

_

40.4

_

_

39.9

-

March 29

_

39.4

_

_

38.8

_

_

38.0

_

_

37.3

-
OHIO RIVER BASIN 249

Table 9.-Gage height, in feet, on the Ohio River, at Indicated time, 1936 Continued 

Pass sill gage at Lock No. 19

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 18

33.6

34.1

34.6

35.0

35.6

36.1

36.6

37.1

37.6

38.0

38.6

39.1

March 19

39.6

40.2

40.8

41.3

41.8

42.4

43.0

43.6

44.1

44.7

45.4

46.0

March 20

46.5

47.1

47.6

48.2

48.6

49.0

49.4

49.7

49.9

50.1

50.3

50.4

March 21

50.5

50.5

50.5

50.5

50.4

50.3

50.1

50.0

49.8

49.7

49.5

49.3

March 22

49.0

48.7

48.4

48.1

47.8

47.5

47.2

46.9

46.5

46.1

45.7

45.3

March 27

_

41.2

_

_

41.8

_

_

42.3

_

_

42.7

-

March 28

_

43.0

_

_

43.1

_

_

43.0

_

_

42.7

-

March 29

_

42.1

_

_

41.5

_

40.8

_

_

40.1

-

Pass sill gage ,at Lock Ho. 20

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 19

39.1

39.7

40.2

40.7

41.2

41.7

42.2

42.8

43.4

44.1

44.7

45.2

March 20

45.8

46.4

46.9

47.4

47.8

48.2

48.8

49.1

49.5

49.8

50.0

50.2

March 21

50.4

50.5

50.6

50.6

50.6

50.6

50.4

50.4

50.3

50.2

50.1

50.0

March 22

49.8

49.6

49.4

49.2

48.8

48.5

48.2

47.8

47.6

47.3

46.8

46.5

March 23

46.1

45.8

45.4

45.1

44.7

44.5

44.1

43.7

43.5

43.1

42.7

42.4

March 27

_

41.4

_

_

41.9

_

_

42.4

_

_

42.8

-

March 28

_

43.2

_

_

43.3

_

_

43.3

_

_

43.0

-

March 29

_

42.6

_

_

42.1

_

_

41.5

_

_

40.9

-

Pass 3111 gage at Lock Ho. 21

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 19

39.8

40.3

40.9

41.4

42.0

42.5

43.0

43.6

44.1

44.8

45.4

46.0

March 20

46.6

47.1

47.7

48.2

48. V

49.2

49.6

50.0

50.4

50.7

51.0

51.3

March 21

51.6

51.8

51.9

52.1

52.2

52.2

52.2

52.1

52.1

52.1

52.0

51.9

March 22

51.8

51.6

51.4

51.2

51.0

50.7

50.4

50.1

49.9

49.5

49.2

48.8

March 23

48.5

48.2

47.9

47.6

47.2

46.8

46.5

46.2

45.8

45.4

45.0

44.8

March 27

_

43.0

_

_

43.6

_

_

44.0

_

-

44.4

-

March 28

_

44.7

-

_

44.8

_

_

44.8

_

_

44.6

-

March 29

_

44.3

_

_

43.9

_

_

43.3

_

42.6

-

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 82

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 19

41.8

42.3

42.9

43.4

44.0

44.5

45.0

45.6

46.2

46.9

47.5

48.0

March 20

48.4

48.7

49.7

50.3

50.7

51.2

51.6

52.0

52.4

52.7

53.0

53.4

March 21

53.7

54.0

54.2

54.3

54.3

54.4

54.4

54.4

64.5

54.5

54.3

54.3

March 22

54.3

54.1

53.9

53.7

53.5

53.3

53.1

52.8

52.5

52.3

52.0

51.8

March 23

51.4

51.1

50.7

50.3

50.0

49.8

49.4

49.2

48.7

48.4

48.1

47.8

March 27

_

45.5

_

_

46.0

-

-

46.5

_

-

46.8

-

March 28

_

47.1

_

_

47.3

_

_

47.3

_

47.1

-

March 29

_

46.9

_

_

46.4

_

-

45.8

-

_

45.2

-

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 25

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 19

43.4

44.0

44.5

45.1

45.5

46.1

46.7

47.2

47.7

48.3

48.9

49.4

March 20

50.0

50.6

51.1

51.6

52.0

52.4

52.9

53.3

53.7

54.1

54.4

54.8

March 21

55.1

55.3

55.6

55.8

55.9

56.0

56.1

56.2

56.2

56.3

56.3

56.2

March 22

56.2

56.1

56.0

55.9

55.8

55.6

55.4

55.3

55.1

54.9

54.6

54.3

March 23

54.1

53.8

53.5

53.2

53.0

52.6

52.4

52.0

51.7

51.4

51.1

50.7

March 27

_

48.0

_

_

48.4

_

_

48.8

_

_

49.0

-

March 28

_

49.3

_

_

49.3

_

_

49.4

_

49.3

-

March 29

_

49.0

_

_

48.7

_

_

48.2

_

_

47.7

-
FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 9.-Gage height, in feet, on the Ohio River, at indicated time, 1936--Continued 

Pass sill gage at Lock No. 24

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 19

46.5

47.1

47.7

48.1

48.7

49.1

49.7

50.1

50.7

51.2

51.7

52.2

March 20

52.6

53.1

53.5

54.0

54.5

54.8

55.1

55.5

55.8

56.1

56.4

56.9

March 21

57.1

57.3

57.5

57.7

57.9

58.1

58.2

58.3

58.4

58.5

58.6

58.6

March 22

58.6

58.6

58.6

58.6

58.4

58.3

58.2

58.1

58.1

57.9

S?!?

57.5

March 23

57.3

57.1

56.9

56.6

56.4

56.2

56.0

55.8

55.5

55.1

54.8

54.6

March 27

_

51.6

_

_

51.9

-

-

52.0

-

_

52.2

-

March 28

_

52.3

_

_

52.4

_

-

52.5

-

_

52.4

-

March 29

-

52.3

_

-

52.0

-

-

51.6

_

_

51.1

-

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 25

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

3am

9

3pm

9

March 20

52.5

52.7

53.0

53.2

53.4

53.7

53.9

54.1

54.3

54.5

54.8

54.9

March 28

52.6

52.5

52.5

52.5

March 21

55.1

55.3

55.5

55.9

56.1

56.2

56.4

56.6

56.8

57.0

57.2

57.4

March 29

52.4

52.3

52.1

51.7

March 22

57.5

57.6

57.7

57.8

57.8

57.9

57.9

57.9

57.9

57.9

57is

57.8

March 23

57.7

57.5

57.4

57.3

57.2

57.0

56.9

56.8

56.6

56.4

56.2

56.0

March 24

55.8

55.6

55.4

55.2

55.0

54.8

54.5

54.3

54.3

54.2

54.1

54.0

March 25

_

53.8

-

-

53.7

-

-

53.6

-

-

53.5

-

March 26

_

53.4

-

-

53.4

-

-

53.2

-

-

53.1

-

March 27

_

53.0

-

52.9

-

-

52.7

-

-

52.6

-

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 26

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

Sam

9

3pm

9

March 20

55.4

55.7

55.9

56.2

56.4

56.6

56.8

57.0

57.2

57.4

57.4

57.8

March 28

56.3

56.2

56.2

56.1

March 21

58.1

58.3

58.5

58.7

59.0

59.2

59.4

59.6

59.8

60.1

60.4

60.6

March 29

56.1

55.9

55.7

55.4

March 22

60.7

60.9

61.1

61.2

61.3

61.4

61.6

61.6

61.6

61.6

61.6

61.6

March 23

61.5

61.5

61.3

61.2

61.1

61.0

61.0

60.9

60.6

60.5

60.4

60.2

March 24

60.1

60.0

59.8

59.6

59.4

59.2

59.0

58.9

58.8

58.7

58.6

58.4

March 25

_

58.2

_

_

58.0

_

-

58.0

_

-

57.9

-

March 26

_

57.9

_

_

57.6

_

-

57.4

_

-

57.2

-

March 27

_

57.0

_

_

56.8

_

-

56.6

_

-

56.4

-

Paaa aill gage at Lock Ho. 27

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

2am

9

2pm

9

March 20J March 21

48.6

48.9

49.2

49.5

49.7

49.9

50.2

50.5

50.8

51.0

51.2

51.5

March 28

51.8

51.6

51.4

51.2

51.8

52.1

52.4

52.6

52.8

53.1

53.3

53.5

53.8

54.0

54.2

54.4

March 29

51.1

50.9

50.7

50.5

March 22

54.6

54.8

55.0

55.2

55.4

55.5

55.6

55.7

55.8

55.9

56.0

56.0

March 23

56.0

56.0

56.0

56.0

55.9

55.9

55.8

55.8

55.7

55.6

55.5

55.4

March 24

55.2

55.1

55.0

54.8

54.6

54.5

54.4

54.3

54.3

54.2

54.1

54.0

March 25

_

53.8

_

-

53.6

_

_

53.5

_

_

52.5

-

March 26

_

53.4

_

_

53.3

_

_

53.2

_

_

53.0

-

March 27

_

52.8

_

-

52.5

_

_

52.3

_

_

52.0

-
OHIO RIVER BASIN 251

Table 9.- Gage height, in feet, on the Ohio River, at indicated time, 1936--Continued 

Pass sill gage at Lock No. 28

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

Hour

3am

9

3pm

9

March 21

54.2

54.5

54.6

55.0

55.2

55.5

55.7

56.0

56.2

56.5

56.7

56.9

March 29

54.0

53.8

53.6

53.4

March 22

57.1

57.3

57.5

57.7

57.9

58.1

58.2

58.3

58.4

58.5

58.5

58.6

March 30

53.2

52.8

52.4

51.8

March 23

58.6

58.6

58.6

58.6

58.6

58.6

58.6

58.5

58.4

58.3

58.2

58.1

March 24

58.0

57.9

57.8

57.7

57.6

57.5

57.4

57.3

57.3

57.2

57.1

57.0

March 25

57.0

56.9

56.8

56.8

56.7

56.7

56.6

56.6

56.5

56.5

56.5

56.5

March 26

_

56.5

_

-

56.5

_

-

56.4

_

_

56.2

-

March 27

_

56.0

_

_

55.7

_

_

55.4

_

_

55.1

-

March 28

_

54.8

_

_

54.6

_

-

54.4

_

_

54.2

-

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 29

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

u

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 20

54.2

54.5

54.9

55.2

55.5

55.8

56.1

56.4

56.7

57.0

57.3

57.5

March 21

57.8

58.1

58.4

58.7

59.0

59.2

59.5

59.8

60.0

60.2

60.4

60.7

March 22

60.9

61.1

61.3

61.5

61.7

61.9

62.0

62.2

62.3

62.4

62.4

62.5

March 23

62.5

62.6

62.6

62.6

62.7

62.7

62.7

62.6

62.6

62.5

62.3

62.2

March 24

62.1

62.1

62.0

61.8

61.7

61.6

61.6

61.5

61.4

61.3

61.3

61.2

March 25

61.1

61.1

61.0

60.9

60.9

60.8

60.8

60.7

60.7

60.7

60.7

60.7

March 26

60.7

60.7

60.7

60.7

60.7

60.7

60.7

60.6

60.5

60.5

60.4

60.3

March 27

_

60.2

_

_

60.0

_

_

59.7

_

_

59.4

-

Pass sill gage at Lock No. 30

Hour

lam

3

5

7

9

11

1pm

3

5

7

9

11

March 20

52.9

53.2

53.6

54.0

54.4

54.7

55.0

55.3

55.6

56.0

56.3

56.6

March 21

56.9

57.1

57.4

57.7

58.0

58.2

58.5

58.7

58.9

59.2

59.4

59.6

March 22

59.8

60.1

60.2

60.4

60.6

60.8

61.0

61.2

61.3

61.4

61.4

61.5

March 23

61.6

61.7

61.7

61.7

61.8

61.8

61.85

61.9

61.9

61.9

61.9

61.8

March 24

61.7

61.7

61.6

61.6

61.5

61.4

61.4

61.3

61.3

61.2

61.1

61.0

March 25

61.0

60.9

60.9

60.8

60.8

60.8

60.7

60.7

60.7

60.7

60.7

60.6

March 26

60.6

60.6

60.6

60.6

60.6

60.5

60.5

60.5

60.5

60.5

60.5

60.4

March 27

_

60.3

_

_

60.3

_

_

60.2

_

_

60.0

-

Pass sill gage at Lock No. 31

Hour

3am 

6 

9 

3pm 

6 

9

March 21

56.3

57.1 

57.9

58.6

March 22

59.3

59.9 

60.5

60.9

March 23

61.3

61.5 

61.7

61*7

March 24

61.7

61.6 

61.5

61.4

March 25

61.3 

61.3 

61.2 

61.2 

61.1 

61.1

March 26

61.1 

61.0 

61.0 

61.0 

61.0 

61.0

March 27

61.0 

61.0 

61.0 

61.0 

61.0 

60.9

March 28

60.6 

60.1

Pass sill gage at Lock No. 32

Hour

3am 

6 

9 

3pm 

6 

9

March 21

53.8

54.6 

55.4

56.2

March 22

56.6

57.3 

57.9

58.3

March 23

58.6

59.0 

59.15

59.3

March 24

59.4

59.4 

59.35

59.3

March 25

59.3 

59.3 

59.2 

59.1 

59.1 

59.05

March 26

59.0 

59.0 

59.0 

59.0 

59.0 

59.0

March 27

59.0

59.1 

59.2 

59.2 

59.2 

59.2

March 28

59.0 

"58.5

Pass sill gage at Lock No. 33

Hour

3am 

6 

9 

3pm 

6 

9

March 21

52.6

53.5 

54.3

55.0

March 22

55.7

56.3 

56.9

57.4

March 23

57.8

58.2 

58.4

58.6

March 24

58.8

58.9 

58.9

58.9

March 25

58.9

58.9 

58.85

58.8

March 26

58.8 

58.9 

58.8 

58.75 

58.75 

58.75

March 27

58.8 

58.9 

59.0 

59.1 

59.1 

59.1

March 28

59.0 

58.6
FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 9.-Gage height, in feet, on the Ohio River, at indicated time, 1956 Continued 

Pass sill gage at Lock No. 54

Hour

Sam

6

9

3pm

6

9

March 22

51.8

52.5

53.2

-

53.7

March 23

54.1

54.6

54.9

-

55.3

March 24

55.5

-

55.8

55.9

-

56.0

March 25

56.06

_

56.1

56.05

-

56.05

March 26

56.25

56.0

56.0

55.9

55.9

55.9

March 27

56.0

56.1

56.2

56.4

56.4

56.45

March 28

56.5

56.5

56.4

56.3

56.2

56.1

March 29

_

55.8

-

_

55.3

-

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 55

Hour

Sam

6

9

3pm

6

9

March 22

51.3

_

51.9

52.5

-

53.1

March 23

53.7

_

54.1

54.5

-

54.9

March 24

55.2

_

55.5

55.7

55.8

March 25

55.95

_

55.95

56.0

-

56.0

March 26

55.95

55.9

55.85

55.8

55.8

55.8

March 27

55.95

56.1

56.2

56.4

56.45

56.5

March 28

56.5

56.5

56.5

56.4

56.35

56.25

March 29

_

56.0

_

-

55.6

-

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 36

Hour

Sam 

6 

9 

Spm 

6 

9

March 22

54.7

55.4 

55.9

56.6

March 23

57.2

57.6 

58.0

58.4

March 24

58.7

59.1 

59.3

59.6

March 25

59.7

59.75 

59.75

59.7

March 26

59.7 

59.7 

59.65 

59.6 

59.6 

59.6

March 27

59.7 

59.8 

60.0 

60.2 

60.3 

60.4

March 28

60.45 

60.45 

60.4 

60.3 

60.3 

60.2

March 29

59.9 

59.5

Pass sill gage at Look Ho. 57

Hour

3am 

6 

9 

3pm 

6 

9

March 22

52.7

53.4 

54.1

54.6

March 23

55.2

55.7 

56.2

56.7

March 24

57.0

57.5 

57.8

58.1

March 25

58.4

58.5 

58.6

58.6

March 26

58.6 

58.6 

58.6 

58.6 

58.6 

58.6

March 27

58.7 

58.9 

59,0 

59.3 

59.4 

59.5

March 28

59.6 

59.6 

59.6 

59.6 

59.6 

59.5

March 29

59.4 

59.3 

59.2 

59.0 

58.9 

58.8

Pass sill gage at Lock Ho. 58

Hour

3am 

6 

9 

3pm 

6 

9

March 22

51.4

52.1 

52.7

53.3

March 23

53.8

54.4 

54.8

55.4

March 24

55.8

56.1 

56.6

57.0

March 25

57.3

57.5 

57.6

57.7

March 26

57.7 

57.7 

57.7 

57.7 

57.7 

57.7

March 27

58.0 

58.1 

58.2 

58.5 

58.6 

58.8

March 28

58.9 

59.0 

59.1 

59.1 

59.0 

59.0

March 29

58.8 

58.8 

58.7 

58.6 

58,5 

58.4

Pass sill gage at Lock So. 59

Hour

6am 

6pm

March 23

47.9 

48.8

March 24

49.7 

50.4

March 25

51.0 

51.4

March 26

51.6 

51.8

March 27

52.3 

52.8

March 28

53.3

53.5

March 29

53.5 

53.3

Madison, Ind.

Hour

7am 

4pm

March 27

50.7 

51.0

March 28

51.8 

51.9

March 29

52.0 

51.9

March 30

51.6 

51.1

March 31

50.5 

49.9

Upper gage at Look No. 41

Hour

7am 

4pm

March 27

34.7 

35.2

March 28

35.8 

36.3

March 29

36.5 

36.6

March 30

36.4 

36.1

March 31

35.7 

35.1

Lower gage at Lock No. 41

Hour

7am 

4pm

March 27

63.6 

64.2

March 28

64.8 

65.2

March 29

65.5 

66.6

March 30

65.5 

65.2

March 31

64:8 

64.2

Low-water gage at_Lock Ho. 43

Hour

7am 

7pm

March 28

61.0 

61.5

March 29

61.9 

62.0

March oO

62.0 

61.7

March 31

61.4 

60. &

April 1

60.2 

59.6

Low-water gage at Lock No. 44

Hour

7am 

7pm

March 28

59.8 

60.2

March 29

60.5 

60.7

March 30

60.7 

60.6

March 31

60.3 

59.9

April 1

59.5 

59.0
OHIO RIVER BASIN 253

Table 9.-Gage height, in feet, on the Ohio River, at indicated time, 1936 Continued 

Low-water gage at Lock No. 45

Hour

7am 

7pm

March 28

51.5 

51.9

March 29

52.1 

52.2

March 30

52.5 

52.5

March 31

52.4 

52.1

April 1

51.9 

51.6

Low-water gage at Lock No. 46

Hour

7am 

7pm

March 29

42.6 

42.8

March 30

43.0 

43.0

March 31

43.1 

43.1

April 1

42.9 

42.9

April 2

42.7 

42.5

Low-water gage at Lock No. 47

Hour

7am 

7pm

March 29

43.5 

43.8

March 30

44.0 

44.0

March 31

44.1 

44.1

April 1

44.1 

44.1

April 2

44.0 

43.9

U. S. Weather Bureau gage at Evansville, Ind.

Hour

7am 

6pm

March 21

33.4 

34.5

March 26

41.6 

42.2

March 27

42.7 

43.1

March 28

43.4 

43.7

March 29

43.9

March 30

44.2 

44.3

March 31

44.4 

44.4

April 1

44.4

Low-water gage at Lock No. 48

Hour

7am 

7pm

March 30

43.7 

43.8

March 31

44.0 

44.1

April 1

44.2 

44.2

April 2

44.2 

44.1

April 3

44.0 

43.9

Low-water gage at Lock No. 49

Hour

7am 

7pm

April 2

44.2 

44.3

April 3

44.4 

44.5

April 4

44.5 

44.4

April 5

44.3 

44.2

April 6

44.2 

44.1

Low-water gage at Lock No. 50

Hour

7am 

7pm

April 4

47.5 

47.5

April 5

47.6 

47.8

April 6

48.0 

47.8

April 7

47.6 

47.4

April 8

47.2 

47.0

Low-water gage at Lock Ho. 51

Hour

7am 

7pm

April 4

44.5 

44.6

April 5

44.6 

45.0

April 6

45.4 

45.3

April 7

45.1 

45.0

April 8

44.9 

44.8

Low-water gage at Lock No. 52

Hour

7am 

7pm

April 13

48.8 

48.8

April 14

48.9 

49.0

April 15

49.1 

49.1

April 16

49.1 

49.1

April 17

49.0 

48.9

Low-water gage at Lock No. 53

Hour

7am 

7pm

April 14

51.6 

51.6

April 15

51.7 

51.7

April 16

51.8 

51.7

April 17

51.7 

51.6

April 18

51.5 

51.3
254 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 10.- Altitude, in feet above mean sea level (1907 adjustment), 

of zeroes of gages at locks and dams on the Ohio River

Location

Emsworth Dam

Da shields Dam

Lock 4

Lock 5

Lock 6

Lock 7

Lock 8

Lock 9

Lock 10

Lock 11

Lock 12

Lock 13

Lock 14

Lock 15

Lock 16

Lock 17

Lock 18

Lock 19

Lock 20

Lock 21

Lock 22

Lock 23

Lock 24

Lock 25

Lock 26

Gallipolis

Lock 27

Lock 28

Lock 29

Lock 30

Lock 31

Lock 32

Lock 33

Lock 34

Lock 35

Lock 36

Lock 37

Lock 38

Lock 39

Lock 41

Lock 43

Lock 44

Lock 45

Lock 46

Lock 47

Lock 48

Lock 49

Lock 50

Lock 51

Lock 52

Lock 53

Pass sill

gage

_

-

667.8

661.3

655.3

647.2

640.3

633.9

625.5

618.1

610.8

602.8

594.1

586.8

579.0

571.2

563.4

555.3

549.1

541.6

536.0

528.2

520.1

512.1

502.6

_

496.6

490.2

483.1

475.1

467.6

460.1

452.6

445.6

440.0

433.6

425.3

417.9

410.6

406.0

366.1

357.1

349.6

339.1

330.6

322.6

312.1

301.1

294.6

283.3

273.2

Upper

gage

690.0

678.6

667.8

662.1

654.9

647.2

640.3

633.9

625.5

618.1

610.8

604.0

594.1

586.8

579.0

571.2

564.2

555.3

549.1

541.6

536.0

528.2

520.1

513.1

502.6

520.0

496.6

490.2

483.1

475.1

467.6

460.1

452.6

445.6

440.0

433.6

428.8

417.9

410.6

403.0

367.6

358.6

349.6

340.6

331.6

322.6

313.6

302.6

294.6

286.6

274.6

Lower

gage

679.1

664.7

667.8

662.1

654.9

644.7

637.3

630.9

622.5

615.1

606.8

601.0

591.2

583.4

575.4

567.4

561.2

553.5

546.0

540.4

532.4

524.5

517.5

508.5

501.0

500.0

494.5

487.5

479.5

472.0

464.5

457.0

450.0

444.4

438.0

430.0

428.8

415.0

407.0

372.1

363.0

354.0

345.0

336.0

327.0

318.0

307.0

299.0

291.0

279.0

267.0

Low-water

(middle) gage

688.0

-

-

-

-

_

_

_

-

-

614.0

605.0

595.4

588.3

580.6

573.5

565.0

557.3

550.7

543.6

538.4

529.5

521.6

514.8

505.3

_

498.9

492.0

484.8

477.7

470.0

463.1

455.0

448.0

442.8

435.3

_

421.7

413.0

-

368.4

360.0

352.0

341.1

333.2

325.1

314.0

303.2

297.0

285.1

276.6

Note.- Upper gage is on inside face of river wall, above upper lock

f

ate. Lower gage is on inside face of river wall, below lower lock gate, 

ass sill gage is on river face of river wall, below dam, with zero at 

elevation of sill of navigable pass. Low-water or middle gage is on inside face of river wall, in middle of lock, with zero at approximate 

elevation of natural low water. When lock wall is submerged, or when a 

dam is down,the stage is read on an extension of one of the above gages, 

opposite the middle of the lock.
OHIO RIVER BASIN

750

700

650

600

550

=1 500

450

350

7 11 15 19 23 

March

Figure 47.--Graphs of stage at various river-stage stations on the Ohio River, 

March 8 to April 28, 1936.
256 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

SUMMARY OF FLOOD DISCHARGES

Each volume of this report includes a table, "Summary of flood discharges", in which are assembled the results of the determinations of 

maximum flood flows at existing river-measurement stations and other 

places on streams in the basins covered in that volume. Table 11, following, presents this information for the Potomac and James River Basins and 

the Ohio River Basin above Pittsburgh and for tributaries below Pittsburgh. Similar information for the main stem of the Ohio River is given 

in table 12. For general information, some discharges are presented for 

streams in basins adjoining or near those most affected by the floods. 

Table 11 gives the following information!

1. Map reference number, applicable to figures 48 to 51, to aid in 

the location of the place where the discharge was determined.

2. Name of stream and place of determination of discharge.

3. Drainage area, in square miles, tributary to the stream at the 

place of determination of discharge.

4. Period of record. This information is generally given only for 

the existing stations for measuring discharge and conforms to the period 

of their operation.

5. The date of the maximum discharge previously known and its magnitude in second-feet. Some of these floods antedate the period of record given in the preceding column.

6. The day and time of day and the rate in second-feet, total and 

per square mile, of the maximum discharge during or concurrent with the 

floods of March 1936. A brief notation as to the method of determination is also included.

The discharges for the existing river-measurement stations were determined by methods generally described in greater detail in the presentation of the records for the respective stations in the preceding section of this report. For existing river-measurement stations the method 

of determination is designated "Stage-discharge relation", because the 

determination is based on the comprehensive studies of that subject that 

are conducted at such stations.

Where the recorded discharge was not measured at a regular station 

a brief reference is made to the method of determination and, where practicable, coefficients of discharge used in the application of the method 

are given. A description of the methods of determination with respect
Figure 48. Map showing location of flood determinations in the drainag

and adjacent coastal streams in Maryland, March 
70

 Numerals are reference

numbers in table 11

'»- - J rg" ^07° 

Figure 49. Map showing location of flood determinations in the drainage ba

James, and Roanoke Rivers and adjacent streams in Virginia
SUMMARY OP FLOOD DISCHARGES 259

 " Numerals are reference 

numbers in table 11

0 10 20 30 40 MILES

Figure 50. Map shoving location of flood determinations in the drainage basins of 

the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers, March 1936.
Figure 51. Map showing location of flood determinations In 

the region adjacent to the Ohio River between Pittsburgh, 
1,000

Drainage area In square miles

Figure 52. Chart showing the maximum discharges, In second-feet 

areas In or adjacent to the drainage basins of the Potom

March 1936, as given In tables 11 
FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

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266 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND TIPPER OHIO RIVERS

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FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Table 12,.- Summary of flood stages and discharges for the Ohio River

Place of 

determination

Pittsburgh

Emsworth Dam

Coraopolis

Sewickley

Dashields Dam

Lock 4

Lock 5

Lock 6

Lock 7

Lock 8

Look 9

Lock 10

Lock 11

Wheeling

(Lock 12)

Lock 13

Lock 14

Lock 15

Parker sburg

Pomeroy

Huntlngton

(Lock 28)

Ashland (Lock

29)

Portsmouth

Cincinnati

Louisville

Cannelton

Evansville

Golconda

(Lock 51)

Paducah

Metropolis

Cairo

Miles 

below 

Pittsburgh

0

6.2

9.2

11.8

13.3

18.6

24.1

29.3

36.5

46.4

56.1

66.2

76.9

87.4

96.1

114.0

129.1

184.6

251.3

311.6

319.9

356.0

470.2

607.0

724.0

792.3

903.1

934.5

944.1

979.5

Drainage 

area 

(sq.mi.)

19,110

-

_

19,500

-

-

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

24,800

-

-

_

37,900

40,200

55,200

60,800

62,500

76, 580

91,200

96,600

107,000

143,700

202,700

203, 000

203,900

Maximum stage 

previously known

Date

Mar. 9,1763

Mar. 15, 19 07

Mar. 15,1907

Mar. 15, 1907

1907

1907

1907

1884

1884

1884

1884

1884

1884

Feb. 7, 1884

1884

1913

1913

Mar. 29, 1913

_

Mar. 30, 1913

Mar. 30, 1913

Mar. 30, 1913

Feb. 14, 1884

Feb. 16, 1884

_

Apr. 5, 1913

1913

Apr. 7, 1913

_

Apr. 20, 1927

Feet 

a

41.1

C44.2

36.5

d28.0

C51.6

43.5

46.6

47.9

50.1

47.8

47.6

49.9

50.3

e53.7

55.7

54.3

54.2

58.9

_

g64.5

70.0

67.9

71.1

146.7

48.4

56.8

54.3

_

56.4

Maxima during flood of March 1936

Date and time

Mar. 18, 8 -10pm

Mar. 18, 10pm to

midnight

Mar. 18, 10pm

Mar. 18, 10pm to

midnight

Mar. 18, midnight

Mar. 18, midnight

Mar. 19, midnight

to Sam

Mar. 19, 2am

Mar.l9,3-6am

Mar. 19, 6am

Mar.l9,8-9am

Mar. 19, 10am to

noon

Mar. 19, noon to

3pm

Mar.l9,2-6pm

Mar.l9,6-8pm

Mar. 19, 8pm to

Mar. 20, lam

Mar.20,2-4am

Mar. 20, midnight

Mar. 21, 4am

Mar. 22, Sam to

4pm

Mar. 22, 9am to

1pm

Mar. 23, lam to

Mar. 24, noon

Mar. 28, Sam

Mar. 28

Mar. 30

.liar. 31, Apr. 1,

7am

Apr. 6, 7am

Apr. 15, 10: 40pm

Apr. 15

Apr. 16, 7am

Stage 

(feet)b

46.0

C53.2

43.6

34.8

C58.0

50.0

51.7

54.9

53.5

51.0

51.3

52.5

53.4

55.5

57.8

54.6

52.6

48.0

f571.2

h57.1

62.6

59.2

60.6

J36.0

f394.6

k44.4

k47.8

49.2

_

m52.8

Discharge 

(sec. -ft.)

_

-

_

574,000

_

_

-

_

_

_

_

-

_

466,000

_

-

_

_

463,000

536, 000

559,000

_

524,000

620,000

647, 000

750,000

_

1,100,000

-

a Pass sill gage unless otherwise noted.

b Pass sill gage unless otherwise noted. Stages are crest values excepting those associated with discharge figures, which may not be actual crest stages but correspond to 

the time of crest discharge.

c Lower gage.

d Discharge, 413,000 second-feet.

e Approximate; computed from reading at Wheeling wharf using 1936 river slope.

f Altitude above mean sea level,

g Computed for present water-stage recorder at Lock 28.

h Maximum stage, 4 a.m. Mar. 23, at present water-stage recorder; stages of 56.2 to 

56.8 feet prevailed during the time cf crest discharge.

i Upper gage; lower gage, 76.3 feet.

j Upper gage (only 7 a.m. and 4 p.m. readings available); lower gage, 65.0 feet.

k Only 7 a.m. readings available.

m Only 7 a.m. and 5 p.m. readings available.
STORAGE 275

to the significance of coefficients of discharge and other details is 

given in the section entitled "Determination of flood discharges."

At some places on streams only Information of maximum stages is 

available, and that information is presented with an appropriate footnote. For other places, pertinent information regarding stages antedating the period of record of discharge Is shown by a footnote. Although the tabulation is Intended to be reasonably complete, the reader 

should consult the section "Records of previous floods" for possible 

additional references to notable floods not Included in the summary table. Numerous explanatory footnotes on other features of the table are 

also included.

The basic data and computations for the determinations of discharge 

are filed in the district offices of the Geological Survey in the several districts where the floods occurred. The data for any drainage basin 

may be examined in the district office having supervision of the investigation in that area.

Figure 52 shows the flood discharges of 1936 in second-feet per 

square mile, as given in tables 11 and 12, plotted against the corresponding drainage areas.

STORAGE

In contrast with the considerable effect of storage on flood stages 

and discharges in New England and New York as discussed in the companion 

volumes of this flood report, Water-Supply Papers 798 and 799, treating 

the New England rivers and the region from the Hudson River to the Susquehanna River respectively, such effect on the floods of March 1936 in 

the Potomac, James, and upper Ohio River Basins was essentially negligible.

Storage of any consequence in the Potomac and James River Basins 

is wholly lacking at present. Some records of the operation of storage 

reservoirs in the upper Ohio River Basin are presented in the section 

"Stages and discharges at river-measurement stations during the flood 

period" and hereafter in this section.

In the section "Rainfall and run-off studies" appropriate consideration is given to the effects of storage on flood run-off.

The -detention or retardation of flood waters by means of some kind 

of storage, thereby reducing the peak stages of rivers at critical 

times, is usually a most attractive and effective method of reducing
276 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

flood damages. The facilities for storage on some of the tributaries of 

the Ohio River have been developed to a considerable extent - for example, in the Pymatuning Reservoir, constructed by the Commonwealth of 

Pennsylvania on the Shenango River in western Pennsylvania, the reservoirs of the Miami Conservancy District in the Miami River Basin in Ohio, 

and the reservoirs constructed by the Tennessee Valley Authority in the 

Tennessee River Basin in Tennessee.

Extensive study of storage reservoirs for flood control on the upper Ohio has been made, largely by the Corps of Engineers, United States 

Army. Attractive storage possibilities for this purpose exist, and some 

are under development at the present time, as in the Muskingum River 

Basin in Ohio and on the Tygart River in West Virginia.

The Pymatuning Reservoir is on the Shenango River in the Beaver 

River Basin, tributary to the Ohio River 25 miles below Pittsburgh. The 

Beaver River Basin was outside the main flood area in March 1936. The 

area tributary to the reservoir is 158 square miles. The storage in the 

Pymatuning Reservoir on March 1 was 6,964,000,000 cubic feet with a gage 

height of 1,006.00 feet, but the storage increased to 8,702,000,000 cubic 

feet on March 31 with a gage height of 1,008.78 feet. The effect of the 

storage was to withhold an equivalent mean discharge of 649 second-feet 

from passing down the river during the month of March. This is also 

equivalent to a mean depth of about 4.7 inches over the drainage area 

above the dam. The computed natural run-off during March at the Shenango River station below the Pymatuning Dam, drainage area 167 square 

miles, was 5.37 inches.

In the retarding basins of the Miami Conservancy District there was 

no storage during the greater part of the period February 1 to April 30, 

1936. Table 13 shows mean daily stages and corresponding contents as 

supplied by the Miami Conservancy District for the days during which 

storage or depletion of consequence occurred.

Storage in the Piney Reservoir of the Clarion River Power Co. on 

the Clarion River near Piney, Pa., and in the Lake Lynn Reservoir of the 

West Penn Power Co. on the Cheat River near Cheathaven, Pa., was in the 

nature of pondage used in power-plant operation and apparently had extremely little if any effect on downstream peak flood stages and discharges.
RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 277

Table 13.-Mean daily reservoir height, in feet above mean sea level, and 

corresponding contents, in millions of cubic feet, in retarding reservoirs of the Miami Conservancy District, February 1 to April 30, 1936

Day

~nFeb.

25

26

27

28

29

Mar.

r

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

Ap..

7

8

Germantown 

(*724.0)

Reservoir

height

738.7

736.0

744.0

741.5

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

738.5

-

-

744.3

-

-

Contents

12

5

32

21

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

10

-

-

34

-

-

Englewood 

(*772.0)

Reservoir 

height

_

788.5

798.2

806,8

806.0

797.4

786.3

-

785.5

789.0

783.5

-

784.0

780.0

785.0

787.4

782.3

Contents

_

62

275

649

609

250

44

-

37

67

24

_

29

12

34

53

20

Lockington 

(*876.0)

Reservoir

height

_

_

892.5

894.5

887.3

-

_

887.2

888.7

Contents

-

-

30

47

7

-

-

6

10

Taylorsville 

(*760.0)

Reservoir 

height

_

-

774.2

778.2

775.3

-

Contents

_

-

70

146

87

-

Huffman 

(*777.0)

Reservoir 

height

_

787.9

788.0

789.3

787.7

-

Contents

_

10

11

22

9

-

* Altitude, in feet, of conduit floor at upstream entrance. 

RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 

Method of analysis

One of the principal objectives in the detailed analyses of the 

rainfall and run-off records of the floods of March 1936 presented herein was to develop some of the significant features of the relation between rainfall and run-off in these major floods. A second objective, 

probably of equal importance, was to utilize the results of the analyses 

so far as practicable in checking the accuracy or reasonableness of the 

basic data published in this report. Incidentally the results of these 

analyses have furnished a background of information that is useful in 

consideration of the deficiencies in the basic data.

From the viewpoint of a student of relations between rainfall and 

run-off, the timing of the meteorologic events causing the floods was 

extremely complex. From Maine to the headwaters of the Potomac River in 

West Virginia the ground just prior to the storm of March 11 and 12 was 

covered with snow, ranging in depth from a few inches to 60 inches and 

having an equivalent water content of 20 to 30 percent or more. Although 

it is known that melting snow furnished a large part of the flood runoff, exact information in regard to the water content of the snow prior 

to the floods is not available in many areas, even though special efforts
278 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

were made to collect all the available information pertaining to the subject. There was frost in the ground throughout much of the Hudson, Delaware, Susqueharma, Potomac, James, Monongahela, and Allegheny River Basins and in other areas where depths of snow were not great. In some 

areas where snow cover was deep and the snow fell early in the winter 

there may have been little or no frost. Before the run-off resulting 

from the first rain storm and the associated melting snow had passed out 

of the basins a second storm occurred, accompanied by warm weather and 

rapid melting of the snow. Except in some areas along the coast and in 

parts of New England and the lower Potomac River Basin, the precipitation 

of the second storm was in general greater than that of the first one. 

In many areas before the run-off resulting from the second storm had 

passed out of the basins a storm on March 20-21 resulted in the broadening of the base of the flood-flow hydrograph without affecting the peak, 

thus introducing difficulty in analyzing the individual contribution of 

the different storms which caused the flood run-off. An accurate quantitative study is complicated by the fact that in some areas snow sti!3 

remained on the ground at the end of the first and second storm periods, 

and little definite information is available showing the depletion in 

the water content of the snow throughout the total period. Studies in 

the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins are further complicated by 

the fact that in parts of these basins much of the precipitation during 

the storm of March 17 and 18 occurred as snow, the run-off from which 

was delayed until after the second flood and appeared in a third flood 

that was larger in some parts of these basins than that which occurred 

during the earlier and generally the major flood period.

The method used in arriving at an estimate of the water content of 

the snow and the classification of precipitation by storms and by drainage basins has been described under "Meteorologic and hydrologic conditions." (See columns 4 to 8, table 14,for results of determinations). 

The records of mean daily discharge as published in the section entitled 

"Stages and discharges at river-measurement stations during the flood 

period" have been used as a basis for the determination of the direct 

run-off resulting from the rain and melting snow. A discharge hydrograph 

was constructed for each gaging station covering the period from the 

first of February to the end of April. The hydrograph for the Blackwater 

River at Davis, W. Va., in the Monongahela River Basin (figure 53), is 

an example of the hydrographs which have been analyzed in this volume of
RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 279

the flood report and Is presented here for the purpose of explaining the 

method of analysis.

During February there were three minor flood peaks on most streams 

In the southern part of the area covered by this report, Including 

streams in the Monongahela, Shenandoah, Rappahannock, James, and Roanoke

2,500

15 29 15 

February March

Figure 53. Method of analysis used In determining direct run-off 

associated with each -storm and total storm period, March 1936.

River Basins, and two flood peaks in the Allegheny and Potomac River Basins. During February there was very considerable snow depletion over 

much of the area, and most of the channel ice had been broken up and carried out of the basins prior to the March floods. On or about March 9 

(point A, figure 53) river stages were falling after the rise that occurred In the later part of February. On March 10 there was a rise in 

stage and discharge culminating In a peak (B), the magnitude of which 

was determined by both the precipitation and the temperature In the different basins. This peak was followed by a decline in stage, which was 

interrupted at (C) by the oncoming flood waters of the second storm, 

which caused a second peak (D) generally between March 18 and 20. The
280 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

flow then generally decreased to a point (E) where in some areas, especially in the northern part of the Allegheny River Basin and the southern 

part of the Monongahela River Basin, melting snows associated with rains 

caused another major rise in the rivers, culminating in a peak (P) between March 24 and 26, after which there was a pronounced decline in discharge. Most of the streams outside of the Allegheny and Monongahela 

River Basins did not have any considerable rise after March 22.

The total area under the hydrograph represents the total direct 

run-off resulting from rains and melting snow plus the stream flow that 

would have been maintained from antecedent sources. The run-off directly 

attributable to the melting snow and rain has been estimated by making 

an approximation (LH) of the position of the graph of flow that would 

have been maintained throughout this period had there been no additional 

surface run-off after March 9, on the assumption that the area above that 

line within the observed hydrograph of total stream flow represents the 

increment in stream flow or direct run-off resulting from meteorologic 

events after March 9. This increment has been further analyzed to show, 

first, the run-off directly attributable to the precipitation and melting 

snow associated with the first storm; second, the run-off directly attributable to the precipitation and the melting snow during the second 

storm; and third, the run-off directly attributable to the precipitation 

and melting snow during the total storm period, March 9-22. In the Monongahela and Allegheny River Basins an additional analysis has been made 

of the run-off during the period March 20-31 attributable to the precipitation during this period and to the melting of snow which fell in the 

second storm. These analyses have involved the estimation of recession 

curves A-L, C-K, E-J, and G-H for each individual decline of the hydrograph on the assumption of no subsequent rise. It follows that area 

ABCKL represents the direct run-off resulting from the first storm, area 

CDEJK represents the direct run-off resulting from the second storm, and 

area EFGHJ represents the direct run-off after March 20. The results of 

these analyses, expressed as depth in inches over the drainage basins 

involved in this volume, are presented in columns 9, 10, lOa, and 11, 

table 14.

It is evident that these estimates of direct run-off are less than 

the total natural stream flow by reason of the exclusion of the flow that
RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 281

would have been maintained from antecedent sources.* Other investigators 

might, of course, estimate such maintained flow differently or construct 

somewhat different recession curves. In general, such differences in 

judgment would produce differences in the results that would be relatively small in relation to the magnitude of the run-off as a whole. Moreover, any change in an area under one portion of the hydrograph must be 

accompanied by a similar change of opposite sign in the adjacent area, 

because the total area underneath the hydrograph must check the figure 

for run-off in inches actually measured. It is believed that this division makes possible a better understanding of the flood characteristics 

than can otherwise be obtained. At some stations the amount of run-off 

attributable to each storm may be slightly underestimated, by reason of 

the fact that the time available did not permit a more refined determination of the shape of the lower ends of the recession curves applicable 

to the drainage basins above the gaging stations. Errors resulting from 

these determinations are, however, believed to be small and probably 

within the limits of error of the basic run-off records.

For river basins where there was artificial storage and where records of the operation of reservoirs were available, the run-off records 

used in the rainfall and run-off studies were corrected for the effect 

of storage in the reservoirs. For a few stations which were immediately 

below the storage reservoirs and above which daily records of change in 

storage were available, the run-off following each storm was corrected, 

as well as the run-off for the entire period (cols. 9, 10, and 11, table 14). For other stations above which daily records of storage were 

not available or which were situated some distance downstream from the 

reservoirs, the total run-off only (col. 11) for the period was corrected.

Discussion of results*^

The data relative to rainfall and run-off have been largely summarized in table 14 for the Potomac, Rappahannock, James, Roanoke, Allegheny, and Monongahela River Basins. It is believed that engineers and

* For a discussion of principles underlying stream-flow separation 

see Hoyt, W. G., and others, Studies*of relations of rainfall and runoff in the United States; U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 772, 

pp. 111-118, and Horton, R. E., Surface run-off phenomena, pt. 1, Analysis of the hydrograph: Horton Hydrol. Lab. Pub. 101, Feb. 1, 1935.

*» The reader is referred to Water-Supply Papers 798 and 799 for 

discussions of rainfall and run-off studies relating to other areas 

which were affected by the floods but which are not considered in this 

volume.
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RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 283

off of floods of March 1936 

over drainage basins)

Precipitation

First 

storm

5

0.75

.95

1.05

1.3

1.5

1.6

.95

1.0

1.15

1.2

.8

.8

1.35

1.65

2.1

2.15

1.0

1.2

1.75

1.7

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.0

1.3

2.0

2.45

3.4

2.5

2.4

1.9

2.4

1.95

2.45

2.15

2.60

1.55

1.5

1.75

.7

.6

.65

.6

.65

.75

1.0

1.0

1.25

.45

.4

.65

.55

.4

.75

.55

.5

.5

.4

1.05

1.4

2.0

1.25

1.25

1.35

1.0

Second 

storm

6

4.2

4.95

5.25

4.75

4.7

4.2

5.0

5.2

5.5

5.7

4.65

5.0

5.9

4.95

3.4

1.95

4.25

4.7

5.25

5.1

4.8

4.85

5.1

5.6

5.55

5.4

1.75

1.95

1.45

2.4

1.2

1.05

1.25

4.35

2.6

4.9

1.55

1.5

1.1

4.25

4.3

4.3

4.4

4.45

4.45

4.4

4.2

3.25

3.25

3.5

4.95

3.6

3.2

4.2

4.75

4.65

4.6

4.5

4.6

4.45

4.8

3.6

3.0

2.4

3.4

Total 

period 

Mar. 

9-22 

7

6.3

6.95

7.3

7.05

7.0

6.65

7.4

7.0

7.6

7.6

6.4

6.8

8.7

7.25

5.8

5.1

5.8

6.4

7.5

7.35

6.3

6.6

7.0

7.3

7.55

8.0

5.05

6.0

4.5

5.5

3.5

4.05

3.V

7.1

5.0

7.65

3.5

3.45

3.35

5.25

5.3

5.5

5.7

5.75

5.9

6.0

5.8

5.0

4.5

4.5

5.95

4.9

4.1

5.7

6.0

5.95

5.85

5.5

6.7

6.5

7.5

5.1

4.5

4.0

5.1

Column 

4 

plus 

column 

7

8

7.7

8.45

8.0

7.6

7.5

6.95

9.4

8.4

9.4

9.5

7.4

7.5

8.9

9.15

6.9

5.1

6.2

6.5

7.8

7.45

6.3

6.6

7.0

7.9

7.75

8.0

5.45

6.0

4.5

5.5

3.5

4.05

3.2

7.1

5.0

7.65

3.5

3.45

3.35

5.25

5.3

5.5

5.7

5.75

5.9

6.0

5.8

5.0

4.5

4.5

5.95

4.9

4.1

5.7

6.0

5.95

5.85

5.5

6.7

6.5

7.5

5.1

4.5

4.0

5.1

Direct run-off associated with each storm 

and total storm period

First 

storm

9

1.80

2.20

1.06

1.28

1.26

1.28

2.50

2.13

2.15

2.41

.45

.55

1.19

2.57

2.39

1.46

.51

.61

.84

.89

.45

1.13

1.27

1.02

.83

1.10

2.20

3.90

1.18

1.24

.65

.83

.84

1.11

_

.98

.77

.73

-

.23

.27

.21

.27

.24

.26

.30

.39

-

.18

.20

.25

.14

.09

.08

.40

.37

.31

.08

1.21

.49

.63

.30

.39

.36

.18

Second 

storm

10

4.18

4.99

4.95

4.35

4.17

3.80

5.40

4.19

5.55

4.68

4.72

5.03

5.58

4.84

2.39

1.35

3.40

3.86

4.80

3.69

3.90

3.53

4.12

3.92

4.10

4.08

.83

2.03

.56

1.20

.36

.46

.54

2.14

_

1.62

.87

1.08

-

2.86

3.26

3.09

2.74

2.97

3.25

2.87

3.03

_

2.70

3.11

3.07

3.27

2.55

1.68

4.06

3.85

3.70

5.92

5.07

2.33

2.77

1.20

1.55

1.26

1.87

Total 

storm 

period 

11

6.25

7.54

6.43

6.11

5.84

5.29

8.20

6.82

8.35

7.57

5.48

6.00

7.69

7.89

5.16

3.13

4.38

4.97

5.90

4.89

4.81

5.08

5.78

5.35

5.24

5.18

3.52

6.57

2.04

3.07

1.21

1.46

1.59

3.47

-

2.87

1.82

1.81

-

3.39

3.92

4.02

3.67

3.81

3.79

3.56

3.62

-

3.71

4.11

3.61

4.20

3.57

2.39

4.86

4.69

4.34

6.38

6.61

2.82

3.59

1.60

1.94

1.62

2.05

Column 

11 

minus 

column 

7

12

-0.05

.6

-.85

-.95

-1.15

-1.35

.8

-.2

.75

-.05

-.9

-.8

-1.0

.65

-.65

-1.95

-1.4

-1.45

-1.6

-2.45

-1.5

-1.5

-1.2

-1.95

-2.3

-2.8

-1.55

.55

-2.45

-2.45

-2.3

-2.6

-2.1

-3.65

_

-4.8

-1.7

-1.65

-

-1.85

-1.4

-1.5

-2.05

-1.95

-2.1

-2.45

-2.2

_

-.8

-.4

-2.35

-.7

-.55

-3.3

-1.15

-1.25

-1.5

.9

-.1

-3.7

-3.9

-3.5

-2.55

-2.4

-3.05

Column 

8 

minus 

column 

11

13

1.45

.9

1.55

1.55

1.65

1.65

1.2

1.6

1.05

1.95

1.9

1.5

1.2

1.25

1.75

1.95

1.8

1.55

1.9

2.55

1.5

1.5

1.2

2.55

2.5

2.8

1.95

-.55

2.45

2.45

2.3

2.6

2.1

3.65

_

4.8

1.7

1.65

-

1.85

1.4

1.5

2.05

1.95

2.1

2.45

2.2

_

.8

.4

2.35

.7

.55

3.3

1.15

1.25

1.5

-.9

.1

3.7

3.9

3.5

2.55

2.4

3.05

No. 

on 

figs. 

48,49

8

11

13

14

16

18

22

23

25

26

31

32

36

37

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

59

_

60

61

62

-

63

64

65

67

68

69

70

71

-

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

85

87

88

89

97
284 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 14.- Rainfall and run-off of 

(Mean depth, in inches,

No. 

on 

fig. 

50

105

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

123

124

125

127

129

139

143

145

146

147

148

149

_

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

162

163

-

165

166

167

169

Stream 

1

Upper Ohio River Basin

Allegheny River Basin

Allegheny River

Allegheny River

Allegheny River

Allegheny River

Allegheny River

Chadakoin River

Brokenstraw Creek a

Tionesta Creek a

Oil Creek a

French Creek a

French Creek a

French Creek a

Cussewago Creek a

Sugar Creek a

Clarion River

Redbank Creek

Mahoning Creek

Crooked Creek

Stony Creek

Kiskiminetas River

Blacklick Creek

Loyalhanna Creek

Monongahela River Basin

Tygart River

Tygart River

Tygart River

Monongahela River

Monongahela River

Monongahela River

Buckhannon River

West Fork River

West Fork River

West Fork River

Buffalo Creek

Cheat River

Cheat River

Cheat River

Blackwater River

Big Sandy Creek

South Fork of Tenmile

Creek

Youghlogheny River

Youghiogheny River

Deep Creek Reservoir

Casselman River

Big Piney Run

Laurel Hill Creek

Turtle Creek

Point of measurement

2

Larabee, Pa.

Red House, N. Y.

Franklin, Pa.

Parkers Landing, Pa.

Pittsburgh, Pa.

Falconer, N. Y.

Youngs vi lie, Pa.

Nebraska, Pa.

Rouseville, Pa.

Carters Corners, Pa.

Saegerstown, Pa.

Utica, Pa.

Meadville, Pa.

Sugar Creek, Pa.

Piney, Pa.

St. Charles, Pa.

Dayton, Pa.

Ford City, Pa.

Johnstown, Pa.

Avonmore, Pa.

Blacklick, Pa.

New Alexandria, Pa.

Dailey, W. Va.

Belington, W. Va.

Fetterman, W. Va.

Morgantoini, W. Va.

Charleroi, Pa.

Pittsburgh, Pa.

Hall, W. Va.

Biitcherville, W. Va.

Clarksburg, W. Va.

Enterprise, W. Va.

Barrackville, W. Va.

Parsons, W. Va.

Rowlesburg, W. Va.

Pisgah, W. Va.

Davis, W. Va.

Roekville, W. Va.

Jefferson, Pa.

Connellsville, Pa.

Siitersville, Pa.

Oakland, Md.

Markleton, Pa.

Salisbury, Pa.

Ursina, Pa.

Trafford, Pa.

Drainage 

area 

(square 

miles)

3

541

1,690

5,982

7,671

11,705

194

304

481

300

208

629

1,028

90.2

166

951

528

321

280

467

1,723

390

265

194

390

1,340

2,670

5,213

7,340

277

181

384

750

115

719

972

1,360

86.2

200

180

1,326

1,715

68.5

382

24.5

121

54.8

Water 

content 

of snow 

Mar. 9

4

3.6

2.6

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.2

1.5

2.2

1.6

1.5

1.4

1.3

1.9

1.0

3.3

1.8

2.8

.9

4.4

2.8

2.7

1.9

0

0

0

0

.2

.8

0

0

0

0

0

.8

.8

.7

1.8

.7

0

3.5

3.1

3.2

4.6

4.0

4.3

0

PrecipFirst 

storm

5

1.2

1.4

1.15

1.2

1.1

.5

.95

1.4

1.1

.3

.7

.85

.7

1.2

1.35

1.3

1.25

1.0

1.05

1.05

1.2

1.05

.5

.6

.65

.7

.75

.8

.6

.75

.75

.7

.7

.8

.8

.9

.65

1.1

.5

.85

.85

.85

.85

1.1

.85

.75

Second 

storm

6

4.6

4.15

3.35

3.6

4.15

2.7

4.4

3.55

3.0

3.75

3.65

3.0

1.7

2.1

4.95

5.75

6.05

4.95

6.0

5.55

5.1

5.2

3.35

3.5

3.35

3.3

3.5

3.75

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.4

3.3

3.9

3.8

3.8

4.7

4.0

3.3

4.65

4.55

4.0

5.0

5.2

5.0

4.35

a Run-off records not included in this report but may be found in Water-Supply 

Paper 803. J
RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 285

floods of March 1936 Continued 

over drainage basins)

itation

Period 

Mar. 

20-31

6a

0.95

1.25

1.65

1.65

1.55

1.85

2.4

2.2

1.75

1.75

1.85

1.7

1.35

1.3

1.65

1.3

1.1

1.25

1.2

1.3

1.25

1.3

3.0

3.15

2.7

2.3

2.35

2.25

2.75

2.3

2.15

1.85

1.75

3.25

3.05

2.85

3.5

2.2

1.7

2.3

2.15

2.25

2.4

2.5

2.0

1.6

Total 

period 

Mar. 

11-31 

7

7.3

7.4

6.8

7.1

7.4

5.4

7.9

7.2

6.6

6.4

6.3

5.7

4.5

5.5

8.1

8.6

8.4

7.8

8.8

8.2

8.0

8.1

7.2

7.5

6.8

6.4

6.65

6.85

7.1

6.7

6.5

6.0

5.8

8.2

7.75

7.6

8.95

7.4

5.6

7.9

7.65

7.55

8.45

8.9

8.0

6.9

Column 

4 

plus 

column 

7

8

10.9

10.0

8.6

8.9

9.2

6.6

9.4

9.4

8.2

7.9

7.7

7.0

6.4

6.5

11.4

10.4

11.2

8.7

13.2

11.0

10.7

10.0

7.2

7.5

6.8

6.4

6.85

7.65

7.1

6.7

6.5

6.0

5.8

9.0

8.55

8.3

10.75

8.1

5.6

11.4

10.75

10.75

13.05

12.9

12.3

6.9

Direct run-off associated with, 

each storm and total storm period

First 

storm

9

3.08

3.83

2.94

2.82

-

1.83

2.56

3.22

2.90

2.39

2.04

1.74

.88

.62

b2.62

2.08

1.46

.77

1.93

1.45

1.43

.74

.06

.05

.07

.08

.31

_

.11

.22

.15

.10

.10

.80

.52

.70

.88

.82

.13

1.39

1.33

-

2.42

3.38

2.32

.50

Second 

storm

10

2.35

1.98

.65

1.62

-

.75

.83

2.37

.78

.66

.76

.56

.46

.46

b4.04

5.79

5.20

4.47

6.93

5.73

6.81

6.92

2.08

2.95

2.35

2.53

2.62

_

2.56

2.28

2.15

2.34

2.13

2.60

3.00

2.94

2.22

3.00

2.50

4.08

4.40

-

4.43

6.44

5.49

4.50

Period 

Mar. 

20-31

lOa

2.32

3.98

5.51

4.10

-

5.74

5.15

3.22

4.53

5.61

4.40

3.95

3.50

3.94

bl.51

.79

.58

.43

.98

.97

.97

.59

3.58

4.23

4.30

3.40

3.48

_

4.32

3.42

3.27

3.25

3.10

4.48

4.67

4.30

4,10

3.55

1.96

2.25

1.87

-

1.52

2.14

1.77

1.39

Total 

period 

Mar. 

11-31 

11

7.75

9.79

9.10

8.54

-

8.32

8.54

8.81

8.21

8.66

7.20

6.25

4.84

5.02

08.27

8.66

7.24

5.67

9.84

8.15

9.21

8.25

5.72

7.23

6.72

6.01

6.41

_

6.99

5.92

5.67

5.69

5.33

7.88

8.19

7.94

7.52

7.37

4.59

7.72

7.60

-

8.37

11.96

9.58

6.39

Column 

11 

minus 

column 

7

12

0.4

2.4

2.3

1.4

-

2.9

.65

1.6

1.6

2.25

.9

.55

.35

-.5

.2

.1

-1.2

-2.1

1.0

0

1.2

.1

-1.5

' -.3

" 1

-U

-.2

_

-.1

-.8

-.8

-.3

-.5

-.3

+ .4

+ .3

-1.4

0

-1.0

-.2

-.1

-

-.1

3.1

+1.6

-.5

Column 

8 

minus 

column 

11

13

3.2

.2

-.5

.4

-

-1.7

.9

.6

0

-.8

.5

.8

1.6

1.5

3.1

1.7

4.0

3.0

3.4

2.8

1.5

1.8

1.5

.3

.1

.4

.4

_

.1

.8

.8

.3

.5

1.1

.4

.4

3.2

.7

1.0

3.7

3.2

-

4.7

.9

2.7

.5

No. 

on 

fig. 

50

105

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

123

124

125

127

129

139

143

145

146

147

148

149

_

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

162

163

-

165

166

167

169

b Not corrected for storage.

c Corrected for storage at hydroelectric plant at Piney; equivalent to 0.10 inch 

over basin above Piney.
286 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

hydrologists will readily appreciate the approximations that may have 

been necessary with respect to individual items. Users are cautioned to 

apply the data only after a thorough understanding of the explanatory 

text and footnotes accompanying the tables.

The river-measurement stations affected by the floods for which 

daily run-off records are available during the entire flood period are 

listed in columns 1 and 2. Column 3 gives the drainage area in square 

miles above each river-measurement station. In column 4 is given an estimate of the average water content of the snow, in inches over the 

drainage area, on March 9. The probable accuracy of the estimates of 

water content of the antecedent snow and of the estimates of the water 

content of the snow remaining in the drainage basins after March 22 is 

discussed by drainage basins. Columns 5, 6, and 7 show the precipitation 

in inches over the drainage basin for each storm and for the total storm 

period as determined from a study of all available precipitation records. 

As explained in the section headed "Meteorologic and hydrologic conditions", the precipitation for the first storm includes that for the period March 9-13, and the precipitation for the second storm includes that 

for the period March 16-19. Column 8 is the sum of columns 4 and 7 and 

represents estimates of the total amount of water in inches over the 

drainage basins available as potential run-off. Additional columns 6a 

and lOa were added for the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins to 

show the precipitation and run-off for the period March 20-31. Column 

9 is the direct run-off, in inches over the drainage basin, which occurred in the first flood.

The direct run-off is derived from rainfall and melted snow and can 

never exceed its supply but must be less by reason of loss by evaporation or basin detention in the form of infiltration and surface storage. 

This fact may be used to test the accuracy of the data, and where it cannot be met the discrepancy must be explained by inaccuracies in the basic 

data or inadequacy of the methods of analysis. As the run-off for the 

flood period is generally believed to be accurate within about 10 percent, inconsistencies greater than that amount may be indicative of deficiencies in other basic data or limitations in the methods of analysis 

of the data.

On the assumption that all the data are correct, run-off from 'melting snow is indicated if the run-off shown in column 9 is greater than 

the storm precipitation shown in column 5.
RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 287

In most of the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins and in the 

headwaters of the Potomac River Basin, snow run-off is indicated during 

the first flood. In the lower Potomac, lower Rappahannock, and James 

River Basins there was apparently little if any run-off from snow during 

either flood. In the Allegheny River Basin, especially in the northern 

part, temperatures were high and, although the precipitation was light, 

about 2 inches of run-off came from melting snow. In the Potomac and 

Rappahannock River Basins practically all of the snow disappeared during 

the first flood.

Column 10 gives the direct run-off that occurred in the second 

flood. If the data are correct, run-off from melting snow evidently occurred during the second flood at stations where the run-off as shown in 

column 10 was greater than the storm precipitation shown in column 6.

Run-off from melting snow played an important part in the second 

flood in those portions of the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins 

that drain the western slopes of the Allegheny Mountains. In these areas 

temperatures were high, most of the precipitation during the second storm 

was in the form of heavy rains, and there were large contributions of 

run-off from melting snow that remained after the first flood. In the 

northern part of the Allegheny River Basin and the southern part of the 

Monongahela River Basin temperatures were lower, and part of the precipitation during the second storm was in the form of snow. In these areas 

the snow remaining on the ground after the first storm combined with the 

snow that fell during the second storm and ran off during a third flood 

period, which was peculiar to these particular areas. These third-flood 

peaks during the period March 22-26 were larger than any of those preceding during the flood period. Differences between column lOa, which 

shows the direct run-off during the period March 20-31, and column 6a, 

which shows the total precipitation for the period, indicate the extent 

to which accumulated snow contributed to the run-off during this third 

flood period.

Column 11 shows the total direct run-off associated with the total 

storm precipitation and the melting snow. For the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins the total storm period is that from March 9 to 31, but 

in all other basins it is that from March 9 to 22. If all the data are 

correct, a measure of the extent to which melting snow contributed to 

the run-off is indicated by the excess of the run-off shown in column 11 

over the total storm precipitation shown in column 7. This difference
288 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

is shown in column 12. In much of the Potomac, Rappahannock, and James 

River Basins there was little contribution from snow associated with the 

flood run-off, and negative figures are shown in column 12. In most of 

the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins definite contributions are indicated by positive figures. In general the snow contributions tended to 

increase in a downstream direction until the snow run-off became equal to 

the water content available on the ground. Prom this point the direct 

run-off decreased in a downstream direction as the amount of snow on the 

ground became less.

When there was snow available for run-off the amount that was contributed to the floods varied with the temperature. Figure 54 shows 

isothermal lines for mean temperature for the period March 9-22 over the 

flooded area and affords an indication of the possible influence of variations in temperature upon the melting of snow. The committee on floods 

of the Boston Society of Civil Engineers, in its report*, discusses runoff from melting snow for relatively short periods and small rains and 

shows that for each degree-day above 27.1° F. there is an increase of 

0.0126 inch in run-off from snow. A brief study of the relations between 

run-off from melting snow and the mean temperature for the 14-day flood 

period March 9 to 22, 1936, in areas in New England and New York (see 

Water-Supply Papers 798 and 799) indicates that run-off from snow was 

negligible at a mean temperature of about 31° F. and that for each degree-day above this temperature the run-off from melting snow increased 

between 0,03 and 0.05 inch.

Column 13 represents the difference between the direct run-off 

shown in column 11 and the combined water content of the snow and storm 

precipitation as shown in column 8. The positive figures in this column 

represent, within the limits of accuracy of the basic data, the total 

amount of water not accounted for by the direct run-off. This residual 

may have consisted of some or all of the following parts: (a) Water 

content of the snow that did not appear as run-off during the period 

analyzed; (b) total natural surface storage; (c) infiltration that did 

not appear as stream flow in the period analyzed; and (d) evaporation 

and other losses.

In most of the basins affected by the floods the rainfall and runoff studies were complicated by the influence of snow and by deficiencies

* Boston Soc. Civil Eng. Jour., vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 354-365, September 1930.
RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 289

in basic data. However, in the Potomac and James River Basins the studies were complicated but little by the effects of snow or artificial 

storage, and as a result the differences between rainfall and run-off 

shoim in column 12 for these basins largely represent infiltration. 

These differences for each flood and the total flood period are shown on

Figure 54. Map of northeastern United States, showing isothermal lines 

of mean temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, March 9-22, 1936.

figure 55 for the Potomac River Basin, and figure 56 for the James River 

Basin. These residuals show a generally consistent tendency to increase 

in downstream order. Surface infiltration probably is the major component of this residual, and its magnitude is believed to have been dependent upon the infiltration capacity of the soil, which may have been 

appreciably affected by frozen ground. The residual averages about 2
290 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

inches in the Potomac and James River Basins and is in agreement with 

averages shoim for other basins, the results of which are presented in 

Water-Supply Papers 798 and 799.

In arriving at the estimates shown in column 13, table 14, the records of about 240 precipitation stations and about 125 snow observations 

were compiled and analyzed, and hydrographs of mean daily discharge for 

115 river-measurement stations for the months of February, March, and 

April were plotted and analyzed. The estimates may therefore be used 

with confidence as being reasonably representative of the amount of surface storage, evaporation, and infiltration that occurred in these areas 

during the flood period of March 1936. The general uniformity of the 

results over the entire flood area of the Northeastern States suggests 

that the direct run-off was a function of the amount of water in the 

form of rain and melted snow and that variations in cover, topography, 

channel conditions, and related features, with the possible exception 

of frost, as displayed in drainage-basin units, had little influence. 

These factors, however, may have influenced the concentration of run-off 

with respect to time, as measured by the ratio of the direct run-off during the maximum day of each flood to the total run-off during each flood. 

Brief analyses of the hydrographs for the gaging stations indicate that 

in the smaller headwater basins with steep slopes and small amounts of 

channel storage, 30 to 40 percent and in some basins nearly 50 percent 

of the direct run-off occurred during the calendar day of maximum runoff. In the larger basins or in downstream basins with flatter slopes 

20 percent or less of the total run-off occurred during the day of maximum run-off. These ratios are believed to be indicative of the effect 

of basin characteristics, particularly size, slope, shape, and channel 

storage. The ratios vary directly with the slope and inversely with the 

volume of channel storage.

It appears from a brief study that there is close agreement between 

ratios computed for the Potomac and James Rivers during the floods of 

March 1936 and the ratios computed for previous floods when there was no 

run-off from snow. In the Allegheny River Basin, however, ratios during 

the flood of March 1936 which were lower than in previous floods were 

disclosed - a condition similar to that experienced on the Susquehanna, 

Delaware, and Connecticut Rivers and discussed in Water-Supply Papers 

798 and 799. It appears probable that in all areas where water from
RAINFALL AND RON-OFF STUDIES 291

melting snow contributed to the run-off the ratios were lower than they 

would have been if all the run-off had resulted from rain.

Deficiencies or errors in basic data are suggested wherever minus 

quantities are shown in column 13, or in other words where the run-off 

is shown as exceeding the indicated water available for run-off. This 

situation pertains to only a few of the basins discussed in this report. 

As discussed by basins, there are deficiencies in snow data throughout 

the area, for no observations that would indicate the water content of 

the snow were available. In Pennsylvania observations of snow depth at 

many Civilian Conservation Corps camps were translated into water equivalent, by using an assumed coefficient of 25 to 30 percent. In the upper Allegheny, Monongahela, Potomac, and James River Basins there is no 

information available regarding the water content of the snow on the 

ground on March 9 and only fragmentary observations with respect to the 

depth of snow. So far as the rainfall characteristics of the storm during the period March 9-22 are concerned, the analyses which have been 

made indicate deficiencies in basic precipitation records in areas where 

there were major storm centers. In general, the distribution of precipitation stations is such that isohyetals that appear reasonably accurate 

could be constructed in most of the area.

Individual items presented in the table summarizing the results of 

the study of rainfall and run-off data may be subject to error. However, 

when the mass of data that entered into the compilation of these tables 

is taken into account, it seems that the composite results shown for major basins or for groups of minor basins may be significant and close to 

the truth and as such may be of substantial value in the study of flood 

control and especially of those problems relating to headwater areas.

Potomac River Basin

The winter of 1935-36 in the Potomac River Basin was unusually cold 

and the snowfall was about twice the normal. On February 14-15 and again 

on February 25 there were rises in temperature above the freezing point, 

with little precipitation, which caused two moderate increases in stream 

flow, the second one culminating in a minor peak about February 28. The 

temperature during the period was -sufficiently high to deplete the snow 

cover greatly and, with the help of increased stages in the rivers, was 

instrumental in causing the ice cover in the rivers to break up and move 

out of the basin. At the beginning of the storm period, March 9, the
292 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

snow remaining on the ground (see fig. 34 and column 4, table 14) was 

confined largely to headwater areas along the northern and western basin 

divide and to the high, narrow ridges in Virginia. The snow on these 

areas was equivalent to about 0.3 inch over the basin above Washington, 

D. C. The general features of the storm precipitation are shown in 

figs. 24, 27, and 30 and columns 5, 6, and 7, table 14. In the higher 

areas, principally above an altitude of 1,000 feet, part of the precipitation of the second storm fell as snow, some of which melted and ran 

off with the rainfall of that storm. In these areas the precipitation 

on March 21-22 also fell as snow, which ran off between March 22 and 

31, at a time when there were moderate rainfalls and a rise in temperature. The rainfall was generally greater during the second storm period except in the lower part of the basin, where the precipitation during the first storm was the greater. An analysis of \J.i. run-off during 

the first flood and the precipitation during the first storm Indicates 

that most of the snow on the ground on March 9 melted and ran off during 

the first flood except in the headwater areas, where some of the earlier 

snow contributed to the run-off during the second flood.

The excesses of the water content of the snow on March 9 plus the 

precipitation during the first storm over the direct run-off during the 

first flood (graph A, fig. 55) Increase from an average of half an inch 

in the upper part of the basin to about 1 inch in the lower part of the 

basin. Differences between the water content of the snow on March 9 

plus the precipitation during the first and second storms and the direct 

run-off during the two storms are shown by graph B, figure 55. Differences between the total water available for run-off and total direct 

run-off are shown in graph C, figure 55. These last-named differences 

or residuals, also shown in column 13, table 14, averaged 1.75 inches 

over the basin and varied from an average of 1.25 inches in the upstream 

areas to an average of about 2.25 inches in the downstream areas.

These residuals, which represent largely infiltration and surface 

storage, show a tendency to increase with a decrease in the altitude of 

the basins, a condition which may be due, in part at least, to increased 

infiltration with decrease in frozen ground at lower altitudes. In only 

one basin, Owens Creek above Lantz, Md., is the run-off in excess of the 

indicated water available and this apparent discrepancy probably results 

from inadequate snow data. There is virtually no artificial storage in 

the Potomac River Basin sufficient to affect direct run-off.
RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 293

Graph A. Water content of snow on March 9 plus precipitation in first storm 

minus direct run-off in first flood

- " <

. ---- ^

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.

Graph B. --Water content of snow on March 9 plus precipitation in first and 

second storms minus direct run-off in first and second floods

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Graph C. Water content of snow on March 9 plus total storm precipitation 

minus total direct run-off

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32 8 23 25 11 26 31 46 47 45 41 42 32 36 37 39 13 48 43 49 14 50 40 44 16 52 53 51 18 54 55 57 56

Drainage basin designations corresponding to the reference numbers in table 11 

and in figure 48. Reading from left to right the basins are arranged 

approximately in downstream order.

Figure 55. Comparison of differences between precipitation plus water content of 

antecedent snow cover and run-off, in depth in inches, during flood periods of 

March 1936, for tributary basins of the Potomac River Basin.
294 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Isopleths of water content of the snow on the ground March 9 have 

been based upon data obtained by the Weather Bureau, supplemented by information obtained by the Geological Survey through questionnaires. As 

in other basins, these data were meager and of small value. In some 

areas, particularly in parts of Maryland, there were no observations of 

snow on the ground March 9. Studies of the gage-height records for the 

period March 8-10 at a few river-measurement stations, notably on the 

Monocacy River at Jug Bridge, near Frederick, Md., and on Owens Creek at 

Lantz, Md., disclose diurnal fluctuations that are characteristic of 

run-off from melting snow. It appears, therefore, that there was more 

snow cover in the headwater regions of some of the sub-basins than is 

shown in column 4, table 14.

The rainfall during the storm period was computed from isohyetals 

drawn to conform to observations made at Weather Bureau stations and at 

other places. Here as in other basins the Weather Bureau observations 

are made at the homes of resident observers, who generally live in the 

valleys. The rainfall catches at these sites are not necessarily representative of the average rainfall on the basins. In drawing the isohyetal lines some weight was given to the effect of altitude upon the rainfall. The total storm precipitation as obtained from an arithmetical 

average of that recorded at all the Weather Bureau stations within the 

basin above Washington, D. C., was 6.00 inchesj that obtained by the 

isohyetal method was 6.65 inches.

Complete information relating to the nature of the storm precipitation is also lacking - that is, as to whether it fell as snow, aleet, 

or rain, and if as snow, the data are further deficient as to its accumulation on the ground or the depletion during the storm period. These 

deficiencies have made exact analysis of the rainfall and run-off relations impossible.

The concentration of flood run-off with respect to time was rapid 

throughout the basin, as indicated by a comparison of the ratio between 

the run-off for the calendar day of maximum run-off and the total runoff during each flood rise. In more than half of the basin the flow past 

the river-measurement stations during the day of maximum run-off averaged 40 percent or more of the total run-off during the flood rise. A 

brief study of the direct run-off at the station at Point of Rocks, Md., 

for several floods resulting from outstanding storms and from typical 

isolated rainstorms indicates that the ratio between the run-off during
RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 295

the day of maximum run-off and the total run-off during the rise ranged 

between 30 and 44 percent and averaged about 36 percent. On March 19 

the run-off past the Point of Rocks station was equivalent to 1.59 inches 

over the drainage area, or 38.2 percent of the total direct run-off 

(4.17 inches) during the second flood, indicating that the degree of 

concentration of the flood water with respect to time corresponded closely to the average of previous floods. This condition apparently did not 

exist in the Connecticut, Delaware, and Susquehanna River Basins (see 

Water-Supply Papers 798 and 799) or in the Allegheny River Basin, where 

comparisons showed that the ratios for the floods of March 1936 were 

lower than those for the previous floods studied. There was much less 

snow In the Potomac River Basin on March 9 than In the other basins covered by this report, and probably less precipitation fell as snow during 

the storm period. These conditions approach those of the previous floods 

In the basin referred to above, and consequently the resulting hydrographs of run-off are comparable.

Rappahannock, York, James, and Roanoke River Basins

The following discussion relates principally to the James River Basin, but unless otherwise excepted it applies also to the Rappahannock, 

York, and Roanoke River Basins.

According to the data available there was no snow cover In these 

basins March 9 with the possible exception of that which lay In drifts 

and depressions In the high mountainous areas along the western divide 

and in the Shenandoah National Park.

The first storm centered In the Shenandoah National Park, where a 

total precipitation of nearly 4 Inches was recorded. The area covered 

by the heavy precipitation was not large and included principally the 

headwater areas of the Rappahannock River. The second storm had two 

centers, one In the Shenandoah National Park, where a total of 8 Inches 

was recorded, and the other In the upper James River Basin at Buchanan, 

Va., where over 6 Inches was recorded. The precipitation in the York 

River Basin was materially less than that in the basins of either the 

James or the Rappahannock.

The average depth of the rainfall by basins for each storm and the 

total storm period is given In columns 5, 6, and 7, table 14 and the 

distribution Is indicated by isohyetal lines on figures 25, 28,and 31.
296 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Sane snow was reported by the Weather Bureau to have fallen during 

the storm period In the headwater areas along the western divide. A 

study of precipitation and temperature records of the station at Hot 

Springs, Va., located at an altitude of 2,200 feet, shows that the precipitation of about 0.8 Inch recorded for March 18 fell as snow. The 

study further Indicates that It is more than probable that this snow 

melted and ran off during the later part of the storm period, when higher temperatures prevailed. This conclusion Is confirmed by a study of 

the hydrograph of the Jackson River at Palling Spring, Va.

Rainfall exceeded the direct run-off during the first storm by an 

average of 0.4 inch and ranged from an average of 0.25 Inch over the upper basins to 0.8 inch over the lower basins (graph A, fig. 56). In one 

basin, that -of the Tye River above Roseland, Va., the direct run-off exceeded the indicated precipitation by a small amount.

During the second storm the rainfall exceeded the direct run-off by 

an average of 1.4 Inches, varying between an average of 0.9 Inch over the 

upper basin to 1.75 Inches over the lower basin (graph B, fig. 56). During the second flood on the Tye River the run-off again exceeded the indicated precipitation, and the same condition prevailed on Kerrs Creek. 

The quantities tabulated In column 13, table 14, represent the excess of 

precipitation over total direct run-off. The excess averaged 2.1 Inches 

in the James River Basin and varied from an average of 1.2 Inches over 

the upper basin to an average of 3.0 inches over the lower basin (graph 

C, fig. 56). The rainfall excess averaged about 4 inches over the Rappahannock River Basin, about 1.6 Inches over the York River Basin, and 

about 3.0 Inches over the Roanoke River Basin. In one small area, that 

of Kerrs Creek above Lexlngton, Va., there is an indicated discrepancy 

In the basic data, as the direct run-off exceeded the rainfall. The 

large residual shown for the Rappahannock River Basin probably results 

from overestimation of the areal extent of the high precipitation in the 

vicinity of the Shenandoah National Park. These residuals, shown in 

column 13, which represent principally infiltration, evaporation, and 

surface detention, tend to increase In a downstream direction in a manner similar to that shown for the Potomac River Basin and for the Susquehanna and Delaware River Basins. (See Water-Supply Paper 799.) It 

will be observed from graphs A and B, figure 56, that the same tendency 

to increase in a downstream direction is shown in both storms. It Is 

significant that the tendency for any particular basin to show a larger
RAINFALL AND RTrti-OFF STUDIES 297

3raph A. Precipitation in first storm minus direct runoff in first flood

: ^ _»--

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Graph B. Precipitation in second storm minus direct runoff in second flood

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Graph C. Total storm precipitation minus total direct 

run-off

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5 372 73 64 76 75 74 65 77 78 67 68 79 81 80 69 82 83 70 71 85 87 88 89

Drainage basin designations corresponding to the reference

numbers in table 11 and In figure 49. Reading from

left to right the basins are arranged

approximately in downstream order.

Figure 56. Comparison of differences between precipitation

and run-off, In depth in inches, during flood periods

of March 1936, for tributary basins of

the James River Basin.
298 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AHD UPPER OHIO RIVERS

or smaller residual than the average is generally consistent for both 

storm periods and for the total storm period. Surface infiltration is 

probably the major element represented in this residual, and its magnitude is believed to be determined by the infiltration capacity, which may 

have been affected by frozen ground. Frost was generally present 

throughout the basin, but to That extent is not definitely known. However, it might be expected that less frost prevailed in the lower basins than in the upper basins, by reason of the effect of altitude upon 

temperature, and, other factors being equal, there would be greater infiltration capacities and hence greater residuals in the lower basins. 

The results of this study are in conformity with this reasoning.

It should be further noted that the downstream increase of basin 

detention may reflect the effect of topography as it relates to surface 

slope. Other conditions being the same, there would be less opportunity 

for infiltration and for surface storage in the upper basins, where the 

surface slopes are in general steep, than in the lower basins, where the 

surface slopes are flatter. Because of the uncertainties introduced into 

the study by reason of insufficient snow and frost data, definite conclusions relative to the effect, if any, of slope on infiltration cannot be 

reached for most of the area affected by the floods.

The ratio of the maximum run-off for a calendar day to the total 

run-off of an accompanying flood rise is a measure of the degree to which 

the run-off was concentrated with respect to time and as such is indicative of basin characteristics, particularly slope, shape, size, and channel storage. The effect of these characteristics upon this ratio is exemplified by two adjoining subbasins in the headwater areas of the James 

River which have similar cover characteristics - namely, the Jackson 

River Basin above Falling Spring, Va., and the Dunlap Creek Basin above 

Covington, Va. The former, with a ratio of 24 percent, is an elongated 

basin in which the length is five times the average width and the average slope of the main stream is 40 feet to the mile; the latter, with a 

ratio of 49 percent, has a length of three times the average width and 

an average slope on the main stream of 70 feet to the mile.

For the James River Basin the ratio described above varied between 

extreme limits of 20 and 50 percent, but at most of the stations it fell 

between the limits of 30 and 40 percent. From a comparison'of previous 

floods in the James River Basin during the summer and fall seasons 

it appears that the ratios computed for the floods of March 1936 are
RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 299

about the same as were obtained in floods that did not occur in the winter. This agreement indicates that melting snow, which in more northern 

basins sustained the flood run-off to the extent that it lowered these 

ratios, was not present in the James River Basin to a corresponding degree during the floods of March 1936.

Rainfall was computed from isohyetal lines drawn to conform to data 

mainly collected by the United States Weather Bureau and by the United 

States Geological Survey at three stations at the top of the Blue Ridge, 

in Shenandoah National Park, established by the United States National 

Park Service. The mean total storm rainfall over the James River Basin 

above its mouth was 5.0 inches as computed by the isohyetal method, which 

compares with the average of 5.0 inches for the total storm catch at all 

Weather Bureau stations within the basin. Computed rainfall should be 

reliable in the lower areas, where rainfall was generally uniform, but 

in the upper part of the basin, particularly in the vicinity of storm 

centers, where the"precipitation gradients are relatively great, the 

rainfall computations are less reliable.

Very little definite information is available in regard to the snowfall during the storm, particularly as to its areal extent, water equivalent, and accumulation or depletion. In general, it is known that snow 

with a water equivalent between 0.5 and 1.0 inch fell over the subbasins 

adjacent to the western divide on March 17 and 18, following rain on 

March 16 and 17, and that this snow ran off within the storm period, so 

that only a trace remained along the western divide on March 23. The 

effect of the snowfall would be to delay moderately the run-off from 

those areas and possibly to increase the infiltration. This effect was 

limited by the relatively small area covered by the snow and the small 

depth involved.

Little is known of the depth to which frost penetrated. In the 

Shenandoah National Park observations on March 13 showed 2 to 3 feet of 

frost penetration. In Charlottesville, Va., in the central part of the 

James River Basin, many house-service water connections were frozen during the winter - an indication that frost had penetrated deeper than is 

normal. In the lower James River Basin at Lick-Run, Va., a hole dug during the flood period by a resident observer of the United States Geological Survey disclosed a frozen layer of ground beneath the saturated top 

soil. (See "Meteorologic and hydrologic conditions.")
300 .FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS 

Upper Ohio River Basin 

Allegheny River Basin

The winter of 1935-36 was unusually severe in the Allegheny River 

Basin. Temperatures were below normal, and the precipitation, especially 

in the form of snow, was greater than normal. The first break in the 

temperature occurred February 23, when there began a general thaw that 

continued to the end of the month and was accompanied by light rains. 

During this period there was considerable depletion of snow cover, especially at the lower altitudes and in the valleys. The resultant rise 

in the river which reached a peak about February 28, broke up most of 

the channel ice, which had been unusually thick. The subsequent extreme 

flood conditions were measurably ameliorated as a result of this initial 

thaw. It is roughly Estimated that over the basin as a whole there was 

an average depletion in snow cover equivalent to 1 inch or more of water, 

prior to the storm of March 11-12. There was, however, on March 9 a 

considerable amount of snow in all of the upland area, especially on the 

western slopes of the Allegheny Mountains, where observations Indicate 

that there was from 3 to 5 inches of water in the form of snow (fig. 36). 

As discussed below, there was apparently between 1 and 2 inches more 

snow water in the basin above Parkers Landing, Pa., than is indicated by 

the isopleths on figure 36.

In most of the area in the Northeastern States affected by the 

floods, the meteorologic and run-off conditions were more or less similar, so that a uniform procedure could be followed in a study of the 

factors involved. In the Allegheny River Basin conditions were not similar throughout the basin, necessitating a somewhat different method of 

analysis. The precipitation during the first storm, on March 11-12, was 

light over most of the basin and averaged only between 1 and 2 inches. 

Temperatures, however, were high, averaging about 50° on the 10th, llth 

and 12th in the northern part of the basin. After the first light precipitation large flows occurred on the main stream from the mouth of the 

Clarion River northward. The peak on Tionesta Creek was larger than occurred during either of the two subsequent flood periods. From a study 

of the differences between the direct run-off during the first flood 

(column 9, table 14) and the precipitation during the first storm (column 5, table 14) it is estimated that in these areas the minimum contribution of water from melting snow was about 2 inches during the first
RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 301

flood, which greatly reduced the supply of snow in the basins of these 

northern tributaries.

There were, however, no appreciable floods after the first storm in 

the basins south of the Clarion River that drain the western slopes of 

the Allegheny Mountains. In these basins temperatures were lower and 

apparently snow depletion averaged less than 1 inch during the first 

storm, and there was still between 3 and 4 inches of snow water when the 

storm of March 17-18 occurred. This second storm was heavy over the entire basin, and fortunately part of the precipitation in the northern 

part of the basin came in the form of snow, as the temperatures were 

comparatively low, averaging only about 32° on March 16, 17, 18, and 19. 

The precipitation In the form of rain, however, was especially heavy over 

the Allegheny Mountains, where in some areas the average rainfall exceeded 6 inches (column 6, table 14). As a result of this rather unusual 

meteorologic phenomenon, no large flood peaks followed the storm of March 

17-18 in the tributaries to the Allegheny River north of the Clarion 

River, whereas in all tributaries to the Allegheny River from the Clarion 

River southward the run-off following this storm, augmented by run-off 

from melting snow, caused major flood peaks. The direct run-off from 

these tributary basins during the second flood equaled or exceeded the 

precipitation during the second storm, clearly indicating contribution 

from melting snow. In the northern part of the basin the smaller run-off 

after the second storm indicates that a considerable part of the precipitation in this area was in the form of snow, which did not contribute 

materially to the run-off during the second flood. A study of the precipitation and the run-off (columns 6 and 10, table 14) indicates that 

in these northern basins probably more than 2 inches of precipitation 

came in the form of snow. This snow, combined with the additional heavy 

snowfall that occurred on March 20, melted and ran off during the third 

flood period In the Allegheny River Basin, on March 24-26, the peak flows 

of which were larger on some streams than those that occurred in the 

major flood rise of March 17-18.

The following lists show the period when the major peaks occurred 

at the various river-measurement stations In the Allegheny River Basini 

March 17-18 March 24-26

Allegheny River at Larabee, Pa. Allegheny River at Red House, N. Y.

Clarion River at Piney, Pa. Allegheny River at Franklin, Pa.

Red Bank River at St. Charles, Pa. Allegheny River at Parkers Landing,

Mahoning Creek at Dayton, Pa. Pa.

Crooked Creek at Ford City, Pa. Chadakoin River at Falconer, N. Y.
302 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOM/VC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

March 17-18 Continued March 24-26 Continued

Stony Creek at Johnstown, Pa. French Creek at Carters Cornera,

Kiskiminetas River at Avonmore, Pa. Pa.

Blacklick Creek at Blacklick, Pa. French River at Saegertown, Pa.

French River at Utica, Pa.

Oil Creek at Rouseville, Pa.

Brokenstraw Creek at Youngsville, 

Pa.

Sugar Creek at Sugar Creek, Pa.

Cussewago River at Meadville, Pa.

A study of the direct run-off at the stations on the upper Allegheny 

River during the period March 20-31 (column lOa, table 14) indicates that 

the run-off for the area above Parkers Landing during the third flood 

period, most of which occurred March 24-26, exceeded the indicated precipitation by an average of about 3 inches, an amount which would have 

materially increased the flood stage and discharge of the Ohio River at 

Pittsburgh, Pa., had it run off during the second flood. The run-off 

during the period March 20-31 for all tributary streams draining the 

western slopes of the Allegheny Mountains was less than the precipitation during the same period, indicating that in these areas most of the 

water in the form of snow had passed off with the flood that followed 

the second storm.

The average residual (column 13, table 14) between the total direct 

run-off during the entire flood period and the storm precipitation plus 

the water equivalent of the antecedent snow is somewhat,over 2 inches 

for the basins draining the western slopes of the Allegheny Mountains 

between the Clarion River and the mouth. The residual corresponds reasonably closely with the average residual for the Susquehanna River Basin 

(see Water-Supply Paper 799), when it is considered that the flood period 

used in analyzing the Allegheny River records is somewhat longer than the 

period used in other basins. It would appear that the negative residuals 

shown for some of the northern drainage basins result either from an underestimation of the water in the form of snow on March 9 or from an underestimation of the water equivalent of that part of the precipitation 

which fell in the form of snow during the storm period. The estimates 

of the water content of the snow on March 9 in the Allegheny Mountain 

region have been based largely on records obtained at Civilian Conservation Corps camps. The studies indicate that Estimates based on these 

data are consistent. In the upper Allegheny River Basin it has been 

necessary to base estimates of the water content of the snow on fragmentary Weather Bureau records, and it would appear that the figures given 

in column 4, table 14, are underestimates rather than overestimates of
RAINFALL AND RDN-OPP STUDIES 303

the water content of the snow on the ground. A very considerable part 

of the precipitation during the second storm fell as heavy, wet snow, 

and there are Indications that It may have had a water content higher 

than that used by observers In reducing the snowfall to Inches of water.

During the major flood of March 17-18 all the tributaries of the 

Allegheny River from the east from the Clarion River to the mouth were 

discharging water during the day of maximum run-off equivalent to an 

amount between 35 and 40 percent of the total direct run-off during the 

flood period, Indicating an exceptionally high rate of concentration of 

flood water with respect to time. In the main Allegheny River at and 

above Barkers Landing ratios of less than 20 percent are noted between 

the run-off during the maximum day and the total flood run-off. A comparison of other floods on the Allegheny River when there was no snow 

Involved Indicates that ratios of about 30 percent are to be expected. 

In these areas the flood run-off was apparently sustained by run-off 

from melting snow. No studies have been made, however, for the tributary streams to Indicate what ratios might be expected during floods 

when no run-off from snow Is Involved.

Monongahela River Basin

The general meteorollglc conditions during the winter of 1935-36 In 

the Monongahela River Basin were similar to those described for the Allegheny River Basin, being characterized by subnormal temperatures and 

abnormally high snowfall. Over much of the basin, except that drained 

by the Youghlogheny River, the two general thaws near the first and middle parts of February, together with the thaw during the later part of 

the month, which was also prevalent over the Allegheny River Basin, did 

much to deplete snow cover and to break up and carry away the channel 

Ice In rivers. The run-off for the month of February exceeded 4 Inches 

and the precipitation was less than 3 Inches, Indicating that the depletion In the water content of the snow during these three thaws may have 

averaged about 2 or 3 Inches over the basins. From a study of Weather 

Bureau records and records collected at Civilian Conservation Corps 

camps, It appears that most of the snow on the ground March 9 was confined to the Youghlogheny River drainage basin, where, as shown on figure 36, there was between 3 and 4 Inches of water In the form of snow. 

The precipitation during the storm of March 11-12 averaged less than 1 

Inch over the basin. The run-off that followed the first storm (column
304 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

9, table 14) was in general negligible, being less than the recorded precipitation in the basins inhere there was no snow. In the Youghiogheny 

River Basin, however, the direct run-off following the first storm exceeded the precipitation by an amount between 1 and 2 inches, indicating 

clearly the presence of snow and contribution of run-off from it.

The precipitation during the second storm was heavy over the entire 

basin (fig. 29), especially over the Youghiogheny River Basin, where 

there was still snow remaining after the first flood. Fortunately a very 

considerable part of the precipitation during the second storm fell as 

snow, the run-off from which did not contribute materially to the major 

flood at Pittsburgh, as indicated by the fact that in most of the area 

above Morgantown, W. Va., the peak run-off and the total run-off during 

the second flood were less than those during a third flood rise March 

24-26, when all of the accumulated snow contributed to the discharge. 

Immediately after the second storm the streams rose to flood stages, with 

major peaks on all streams in the Youghiogheny River Basin, where run-off 

from large amounts of snow augmented the flood flows. The following 

lists show the periods when the maximum peaks occurred at the various 

river-measurement stations in the Monongahela River Basin:

March 17-18 March 24-26

Monongahela River at Charleroi, Pa. Tygart River at Dailey, W. Va. 

West Fork River at Clarksburg, Tygart River at Belington, W. Va.

W. Va. Tygart River at Fetterman, W. Va. 

West Fork River at Enterprise, Monongahela River at Morgantown,

W. Va. W. Va. 

Buffalo Creek at Barrackville, Buchannon River at Hall, W. Va.

W. Va. West Fork River at Butcherville, 

South Fork of Tenmile Creek at Jef- "w. Va.

ferson, Pa. Cheat River at Parsons, W. Va. 

Big Sandy Creek at Rockville, Cheat River at Rowlesburg, W. Va.

W. Va. Cheat River at Pisgah, W. Va. 

Youghiogheny River at Connells- Blackwater River at Davis, W. Va.

ville, Pa. 

Youghiogheny River at Sutersville,

Pa.

Casselman River at Markleton, Pa. 

Big Piney Run at Salisbury, Pa. 

Laurel Hill Creek at Ursina, Pa. 

Turtle Creek at Trafford, Pa.

In most of the area where the flood of March 17-18 was the largest 

of the three floods, the direct run-off exceeded the precipitation (column 6, table 14), indicating contribution from snow remaining after the 

rise of March 11-12. In moat of the area where the third flood was the 

largest, the run-off during the second flood was less than the precipitation. Although the discharge of the Monongahela River at its mouth 

was the largest, during the second flood most of the drainage basin above 

Morgantown, W. Va., or roughly 35 percent of the area, was not contribut-
RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF STUDIES 305

ing as much as it did a few days later,-during the third flood period, 

March 24-26. In a similar manner in much of the upper Allegheny River 

Basin the flood run-off was greatest during the third flood period, after 

the maximum peak had passed Pittsburgh. The catastrophe at Pittsburgh 

seems to have resulted largely from the rapid concentration of flood waters from the lower parts of the Allegheny and Monongahela River Basins 

at a time when the upper portions were discharging large volumes of water though not as large as were flowing shortly afterward.

Apparently, in much of the Monongahela River Basin, as in the Allegheny River Basin, a considerable part of the precipitation during the 

second storm fell as snow, the run-off of which fortunately was delayed 

until after the maximum peak had passed Pittsburgh. An examination of 

the differences between the run-off during the period March 20-31 and 

the precipitation for the same period (columns 6a and lOa, table 14) indicates that over much of the Monongahela River Basin above Morgantown, 

W. Va., the direct run-off exceeded the precipitation by an amount between 1 and 2 inches, indicating the presence of snow that fell during 

the second storm but did not enter the streams until the third flood. 

If all of the precipitation in the Monongahela River Basin had occurred 

as rain, it is entirely probable that the run-off during the second flood 

would have been increased by as much as 2 inches.

The residuals shown in column 13, table 14, indicate that the differences between the total direct run-off and the total precipitation 

during the flood period plus the water in the antecedent snow averaged 

between 1 and 2 inches less than the residuals in many other basins. The 

comparison between the run-off that followed the first storm and the precipitation during the first storm, as already discussed, indicates that 

in all probability there was no snow contribution to the run-off during 

the period March 11-12 in those areas where no snow is indicated in column 4, table 14. The low residual in these areas may have resulted not 

so much, therefore, from an underestimation of the snow on March 9 as 

from the underestimation of the precipitation during the storm period, 

especially that portion which fell during the storm of March 17-18 in 

the form of heavy, wet snow, having a higher than normal water content.

Throughout the Monongahela River Basin there was a comparatively 

rapid concentration of flood waters, as shown by the fact that during 

the day of maximum discharge an average of 40 percent or more of the 

total direct run-off in the accompanying rise occurred.
306 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

FLOOD CRESTS

During or immediately after the floods of March 1936 various agencies of the Federal and State governments, together with public-service 

companies and individuals, began the work of identifying and marking 

crest stages reached by the rivers in the flood areas. Field parties 

examined important streams to obtain comprehensive and systematic information from existing flood marks. The Corps of Engineers, United 

States Army, contributed in a notable way in these activities, especially 

in the James and Ohio River Basins. Except as otherwise noted, the flood 

marks were referred to the mean sea level datum of the United States 

Coast and Geodetic Survey. Their relative positions were identified by 

distances along the rivers.

Table 15 presents records of flood-crest stages for the Potomac and 

James River Basins and for the Ohio River Basin above Pittsburgh. Table 

16 presents similar data at locks and other points on the Ohio River from 

Pittsburgh, Pa., to Cairo, 111. The data are presented graphically in 

figure 57. These records are of special interest in presenting a limiting factor with respect to future developments along the rivers and in 

furnishing basic information as to velocity of transmission of flood 

crests, valley or flood-channel storage, the effects of channel constrictions, natural or artificial, and other aspects of river behavior. The 

table shows the observation points by reference to local features and 

river distances, date and time of crest (where known), and altitude of 

crest at available places of observation, generally sufficient in number for satisfactory definition of the profile of the flood crest along 

the river. Where observations were more plentiful than needed for adequate definition of a flood profile, selection for publication has been 

limited to those that are essential for that purpose. Some of the observations that were close together have been combined and the mean recorded as at one point. Certain observations that were obviously unreliable or that were impracticable of reference to mean sea level are 

not included.

On most rivers the flood crests occurred on or soon after March 17 

and 18, but in the upper reaches of the Allegheny River a flood crest on 

March 28, resulting from melting snow, exceeded the crest of March 17 

and 18 at and above Franklin, Pa., and for an indefinite distance downstream. Therefore the altitudes of flood crests given in the table ap-
FLOOD CHESTS

Table 15.- Flood crest stages

Stream and location*

Potomac River Basin

North. Branch, of Potomac River:

Blaine, W. Va., 300 feet above Western Maryland Ry. station, right bank

Blaine, W. Va., 700 feet below Western Maryland Ry. station, right bank

Shaw, W. Va., Western Maryland Ry. bridge over Deep Run,

right bank

Hampshire, W. Va., mouth of Piney Swamp Run, right bank

Bloomington, Md., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. bridge

Bloomington, Md., highway bridge, left bank, upstream

Bloomington, Md., highway bridge, left bank, downstream

Bloomington, Md., U. S. Geological Survey gage, right

bank

Savage River, mouth of, left bank

Luke, Md., West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co. dam, left

bank, upstream

Luke, Md., West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co. dam, right

bank, upstream

Luke, Md., Western Maryland Ry. bridge, left bank, upstream

Luke, Md., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. bridge

Luke, Md., West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co. plant, left

bank

Luke, Md., West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co. plant, left

bank

Luke, Md., highway bridge

Westernport, Md., Cumberland & Pennsylvania R.R. bridge

Westernport, Md., highway bridge, Georges Creek

Piedmont, W. Va., right bank

Westernport, Md., Third St. and Maryland Ave., left bank

Keyser, W. Va., 100 feet above highway bridge, left bank

New Creek, mouth of

Baltimore & Ohio R.R. bridge

Dawson, Md., Western Maryland Ry. bridge, left bank, upstream

Dawson, Md., Western Maryland Ry. bridge, left bank,

downstream

Western Maryland Ry. bridge

Pinto, Md., highway bridge, left bank

Western Maryland Ry. bridge

Baltimore & Ohio R.R. bridge

Riverside, W. Va., Western Maryland Ry. bridge, left

bank

Brady, Md., left bank

Amcelle station, Md., left bank

Cedar Cliff, Md., left bank

Cumberland, Md., fairgrounds, clubhouse, left bank

Roberts, Md., left bank

Cumberland, Md., left bank

Cumberland, Md., left bank

Cumberland, Md., Kelly-Springfield Tire Co., left bank

Cumberland, Md., Potomac Edison Co., left bank

Ridgley, W. Va., right bank

Cumberland, Md., Johnson St. Bridge, left bank, upstream

Cumberland, Md., Johnson St. Bridge, right bank, upstream

Cumberland, Md., Johnson St. Bridge, right bank, downstream

Cumberland, Md., mouth of Wills Creek, left bank

Cumberland, Md., Chesapeake & Ohio Canal head gates, left

bank

Cumberland, Md., Chesapeake & Ohio Canal dam, left bank,

upstream

Ridgley, W. Va., Mulligan St. underpass, right bank

Cumberland, Md., Western Maryland Ry. bridge, left bank,

upstream

Ridgley, W. Va., Potomac St., right bank

Cumberland, Md., N. & G. Taylor Co. tin mill, left bank

Cumberland, Md., Western Maryland Ry. bridge, left bank,

upstream

Cumberland, Md., Western Maryland Ry. bridge, left bank,

downstream

Cumberland, Md., Wiley Ford Bridge, U. S. Geological

Survey gage, left bank

Cumberland, Md., Western Maryland Ry. bridge, left bank,

upstream

Milesabove 

mouth

69.71

69.52

61.7

54.43

a53.41

53.36

53.36

53.36

53.25

52.5

52.5

52.45

052. 4

52.25

52.0

051.7

051.45

51.4

51.25

51.05

46.1

a45.75

a44.3

41.7

41.7

a40.7

32.5

a31.8

30.9

30.0

29.0

27.2

26.8

26.3

24.7

23.85

23.25

22.8

22.5

22.05

21.85

21.85

21.8

21.75

21.75

21.7

21.65

21.65

21.55

20.65

20.25

20.25

19.5

19.0

Date

and 

time

Mar. 17

3pm

- 

--

Mar. 17

9 : 30pm

--

--

~

--

--

--

--

--

Mar. 17

9pm

--

Mar. 17

9: 30pm

--

Mar. 17

11 ! 45pm

--

--

--

--

--

Mar. 17

11: 30pm

Altitude 

in 

feet

al,602.2

al,596.3

al,294.5

al,000.4

b970.5

b967.3

b965.2

b969.2

C951.0

0952.0

C950.2

0941.6

0930.8

--

C918.D

C909.4

C903.6

a808.2

--

a752.0

a750.0

a670.2

a667.7

a667.2

a654.5

d646.2

a645.0

641.2

a637.2

e633.2

6631.1

e629.7

6628.9

9628.6

e627.6

6626.4

e626.3

e627.6

6627.5

e625.9

e625.0

6625.5

6623. 3

6620.8

e618.2

6616.9

614.4

6612.7

* "Upstream signifies upstream side as applied to a location of a bridge or other

structure. Likewise "downstream" signifies downstream side, 

a Furnished by Corps of Engineers, TJ. S. Army. 

b Datum of Corps of Engineers, TJ. S. Army. 

c Furnished by West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co. 

d Furnished by Celanese Corporation of America, 

e Furnished by city engineer, Cumberland, Md.
FLOODS OP MABCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 15.- Flood crest stages Continued

Stream and location

Potomac River Basin Continued

North Branch of Potomac River Continued.

Cumberland, Md., Western Maryland Ry. bridge, left bank,

downstream

Cumberland, Md., left bank

Evitts Creek, mouth of, Chesapeake & Ohio Canal bridge,

left bank

Western Maryland Ry. bridge, left bank, upstream

North Branch, Md., lock above bridge, left bank

North Branch, Md., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. bridge, left

bank

Patterson station, W. Va., post office, right bank

Round Bottom, W. Va., R.R. tool house, right bank

Green Spring, W. Va., right bank

Green Spring, W, Va., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. station,

right bank

Mouth, confluence with South Branch of Potcmac River,

right bank

Potomac River:

South Branch, W. Va., confluence of North and South

Branches, right bank

French station, W. Va., right bank

Town Creek, mouth of

Okonoko, W. Va., station, right bank

Okonoko, W. Va., signal tower, right bank

Little Cacapon River, mouth of

Paw Paw, W. Va., highway bridge, right bank

Western Maryland Ry. bridge

Western Maryland Ry. bridge

Baltimore & Ohio R.R., right bank

Baltimore & Ohic R.R., right bank

Baltimore & Ohio R.R., right bank

Magnolia, W. Va., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. bridge

Western Maryland Ry. bridge, downstream

Western Maryland Ry. bridge

Western Maryland Ry. bridge

Western Maryland Ry. bridge, right bank

Little Orleans, Md., bridge over creek, left bank

Baltimore & Ohio R.R., right bank

Lineburg, W. Va., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. tool house,

right bank

Great Cacapon, W. Va., above dam, right bank

Great Cacapon, W. Va., Dam No. 6, right bank

Cacapon River, mouth of, R.R. bridge over Cacapon River,

right bank

Sir Johns Run, mouth of, school, right bank

Roundtop, W. Va., right bank

Hancock, Md., upstream, left bank

Hancock, W. Va., upstream, Pennsylvania Glass Sand Corp.,

right bank

Hancock, Md., upstream, church, left banlc

Hancock, W. Va., right bank, upstream

Hancock, Md., highway bridge, U. S. Geological Survey and

U. S. Weather Bureau gage, left bank

Hancock, W. Va., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. station, right

bank

Great Tonoloway Creek, mouth of, left bank

Sleepy Creek, W. Va., 240 feet west of station, right

bank

Parkhead, Md., left bank

Licking Creek, mouth of, R.R. bridge, left bank

Cherry Run, W.Va., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. signal tower,

right bank

Big Pool, Md., Western Maryland Ry. bridge, left bank

Big Pool, Md,, opposite lower lock, left bank

Back Creek, mouth of

MoCoy's Ferry, Md., left bank

Two Locks, Md., opposite Lock 46, left bank

Dam No. 5, upstream, left bank

Dam No. 5, left bank

Dam No. 5, downstream, left bank

Miles 

above 

mouth

18.98

18.2

17.5

15.0

10.85

10.75

9.1

5.8

3.75

2.2

0

286.5

285.2

a283.9

282.9

282.4

281.1

277.9

276.8

275.85

274.8

274.25

273.0

a271.05

270.8

267.0

262.7

259.5

257.5

254.9

253.0

250.15

249.9

249.3

245.8

243.3

241.51

241.39

240.61

240.58

240.0

239.88

238.9

234.4

233.0

232.25

231.3

230.15

228.23

a227.3

226.0

219.5

218.89

218.8

218.72

Date 

and 

time

__

Mar. 18

lam

Mar. 18

2am

Mar. 18

2am

--

--

--

__

--

Mar. 18

9am

__

Mar. 18

noon

--

 

__

 

--

--

--

--

_-

 

Mar. 18

4pm

--

Mar. 18

2pm

Mar. 18

2pm

Mar. 18

5pm

--

«

--

--

Mar. 18

6pm

__

--

Mar. 18

7pm

--

__

--

--

Mar. 18

10pm

Altitude 

in 

feet

6608.9

6607.0

6603.8

a596.3

a589.5

a588 . 4

a582.0

f 568.0

f564.6

a563.8

a559.7

a559.7

a558.8

-_

a553.3

552.7

f548.7

a542.0

a537.2

a529.2

f530.4

f525.6

f 519.1

--

a513.2

a503.0

a490.1

a482.0

a477.1

f470.7

f 458.1

a459.7

a459.3

a458.6

a446.4

f438.7

432.9

432.8

431.8

431.2

431.3

430.0

a429.5

f419.5

a418.6

a417.5

f413.8

a410 . 4

a409.2

--

a401.9

a392.9

a390.9

a390.0

a389.8

a Furnished by Corps of Engineers, TJ. S. Army. 

e Furnished by city engineer, Cumberland, Md. 

f Furnished by Baltimore & Ohio R.R. Co.
FLOOD CRESTS

Table 15.- Flood crest stages Continued

Stream and location

Potomac River Basin Continued

Potomac River Continued.

Western Maryland Ry. bridge, left bank

Williamsport, Md., filtration plant, left bank

Conococheague Creek, mouth of

Williamsport, Md., highway bridge, left bank

Williamsport, Md., Potomac Edison Co. dam, left bank

Williamsport, Md., lock below dam, left bank

Pennsylvania R.R. bridge, left bank

Falling Waters, W. Va., right bank

Opequon Creek, mouth of, right bank

Dellinger Widewater, lock, left bank

Downsville, Md., Eiser's Mill, left bank

Dam No. 4, upstream, left bank

Dam No. 4, downstream, left bank

Mercersville, Md., Lock No. 40, left bank

Sharpsburg, Md., Snider 's Landing, left bank

Shepherds town, W. Va., lock house above bridge, left bank

Shepherds town, W. Va., highway bridge, 0. S. Geological

Survey gage, right bank

Shepherdstown, W. Va., Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge, left

bank

Shepherdstown, W. Va., Antietam Furnace, left bank

Shepherdstown, W. Va., right bank

Shepherdstown, W. Va., left bank

Shepherdstown, W. Va., right bank

Blackfords Ford, left bank

Antietam Creek, mouth of, aqueduct, left bank

Harper's Perry, W. Va., Dam No. 3, upstream, left bank

Harper's Ferry, W. Va., Dam No. 3, lock, left bank

Harper's Ferry, W. Va., Potomac Edison Co. plant, right

bank

Harper's Ferry, W. Va., U. S. Weather Bureau gage, right

bank

Shenandoah River, mouth of, right bank

Sandy Hook, Md., Lock No. 32, left bank

Sandy Hook, Md., left bank

Weverton, Md., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. signal tower, left

bank

Weverton, Md., opposite Baltimore & Ohio R.R. station

Brunswick, Md. , highway bridge, left bank

Brunswick, Md., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. station, left bank

Catoctin Creek, mouth of

Catoctin, Md., Catoctin Tunnel, left bank

Point of Rocks, Md., highway bridge, left bank

Point of Rocks, Md., highway bridge, TJ. S. Geological

Survey gage, left bank

Point of Rocks, Md., highway bridge, right bank

Point of Rocks, Md., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. station, left

bank

Tuscarora, Md., left bank

Monocacy River, mouth of, left bank

Whites Ferry, Md., aqueduct, left bank

Edwards Ferry, Md., store, left bank

Seneca Creek, mouth of, aqueduct, left bank

Right bank

Right bank

Right bank

Great Falls, Md., opposite Aqueduct Dam, right bank

Great Falls, Md., Aqueduct Dam, Corps of Engineers,

TJ. S. Army, gage, left bank

Lock No. 19, left bank

Right bank

Lock No. 17, left bank

Right bank

Right bank

Right bank

Right bank

Right bank

Right bank

Difficult Run, mouth of, right bank

Miles 

above 

mouth

217.09

213.4

a212.2

212.15

211.96

211.76

209.85

206.8

203.35

201.2

200.4

196.7

196.35

191.7

188.9

185.05

185.0

184.7

183.9

183.8

182.95

182.85

182.8

181.6

174.8

174.45

173.2

172.9

172.9

172.35

171.7

170.25

170.1

167.2

167.05

163.75

162.7

160.9

160.9

160.9

160.5

156.4

154.85

148.5

143.5

135.3

128.75

128.6

128.25

127.85

127.7

127.57

127.45

127.35

127.3

127.1

126.85

126.45

126.1

125.95

125.5

Date 

and 

time

--

--

Mar. 18

llpm

Mar. 18

10pm

--

Mar. 18

llpm

Mar. 18-19

midnight

--

Mar. 19

lam

Mar. 19

2am

Mar. 19

6am

--

--

--

--

--

Mar. 19

5am

--

--

 

--

Mar. 19

9s30am

 

--

Mar. 19

noon

Mar. 19

noon

--

--

Mar. 19

l-2pm

--

--

--

--

--

--

Altitude 

in 

feet

a386.5

g378.6

a377.5

a377.0

a376.8

a376.7

a367.8

a363.2

a360.1

a357.6

a351.5

a350.8

a339.4

a336.4

321.9

323,1

320.1

318.3

318.2

316.8

316.0

316.6

a314.8

a295.2

a290.2

a285.1

h282.1

a282.0

a268.5

f 267.1

f 262.1

a260.9

a254.6

f253.7

f 250.0

f244.8

241.8

241.6

242.2

f241.8

f 232.0

a235.0

a222.9

a215.I

a201.2

1174.2

1172.9

1172.4

1164.5

a!61.7

a!56.0

1163.1

a!52.5

1159.7

1155.8

1155.6

141.7

1138.0

1133.1

1120.9

a Furnished by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army.

f Furnished by Baltimore & Ohio R.R. Co.

g Furnished by Hagerstown, Md. Water Commission.

h Furnished by U.S. Weather Bureau.

i Furnished by Bureau of Public Roads. Datum of Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army.
FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 15.- Flood crest stages Continued

Stream and location

Potomac River Basin Continued

Potomac River Continued.

Cropley, Md., left bank

Madeira, Va., right bank

Right bank

Bullneck Run, mouth of, right bank

Herzog Island, head of, left bank

Scott Run, mouth of, right bank

Herzog Island, 1,100 feet below

Right bank

Stubblefield Falls, right bank

Cranes Camp, left bank

Right bank

Chesapeake & Ohio Canal, gate above Lock 14, left bank

Right bank

Lock 14, lock house, left bank

Dead Run, mouth of, right bank

Right bank

Lock 10, left bank

Right bank

Lock 8, left bank

Left bank

Turkey Run, mouth of, right bank

Glen Echo, Md., Chesapeake & Ohio Canal at Minnehaha

Creek, left bank

Right bank

Lock 7, lock house, left bank

Glen Echo, Md., extension of Mohican Drive, left bank

Leiter estate, U. S. Geological Survey gage, right bank

Right bank

Sycamore Island, TJ. S. Weather Bureau gage, left bank

Right bank

Right bank

Right bank

Left bank, opposite feeder dam

Right bank

Lock 6, lock house, left bank

Lock 5, lock house, left bank

_ - -

Chain Bridge, left bank, upstream

Chain Bridge, right bank, downstream

Right bank

Mouth of creek, right bank

Right bank

Washington, D. C., Fletcher's Boathouse, left bank

Washington, D. C., Fletcher's Boathouse, right bank

Columbia Stone & Gravel Co., right bank

Right bank

Right bank

Windy Run, mouth of, left bank

Windy Run, mouth of, right bank

Right bank

Spout Run, mouth of, right bank

Right bank

Aqueduct Bridge, upstream

Key Bridge, left bank, downstream, Corps of Engineers,

TJ. S. Army gage

Washington, D. C., Wisconsin Ave., U. S. Weather Bureau.

gage, left bank

Rock Creek, mouth of

Washington, D. C., Memorial Bridge, downstream

Washington, D. C., Highway Bridge, left bank, downstream

Washington, D. C., railroad bridge

Washington, D. C., light-house wharf, TJ. S. Coast &

Geodetic Survey gage, left bank

Washington, D. C., Hains Point, left bank

Savage River:

Bloomington Md., right bank 

Bloomington Md., TJ. S. Geological Survey gage, left bank

Bloomington Md., "Deep Hole", left bank 

Bloomington Md., "Deep Hole", right bank

Bloomington Md., highway bridge, downstream, right bank

Mouth, right bank

Miles 

above 

mouth

125.2

125.05

124.6

124.05

123.9

123.4

123.34

123.15

123.00

122.75

122.7

122.4

122.3

122.2

121.8

121.6

121.55

121.3

121.15

121.12

121.0

120.18

120.05

120 . 00

119.95

119.9

119.8

119.5

119.35

119.0

118.9

118.9

118.65

118.5

118.1

117.81

117.3

117.3

117.25

116.9

116.55

116.3

116.3

115.95

115.6

115.4

115.2

115.2

115.1

114.65

114.5

114.05

114.0

113.6

113.3

112.55

111.5

111.3

110.8

110.1

.50 

.42

.23 

.23

.06

0

Date 

and 

time

_-

-_

__

--

-_

--

__

__

--

--

Mar. 19

4: 45pm

__

 .

 -

--

- 

Mar. 19

5pm

~-

 -

~-

 -

 

 -

~-

--

 

--

Mar. 19

6pm

Mar . 19

7pm

Mar. 19

7-9pm

Mar. 17 

9pm

 """

Altitude 

in 

feet

allO.O

1108.1

i!08.3

1103.7

a99.6

197.8

a89.0

197.9

194.5

94.8

195.4

90.0

187.6

88.3

181.3

178.1

aSl.l

175.9

76.4

75.0

175.0

J67.0

171.2

68.1

J65.7

66.3

165.9

65.1

163.9

162.4

161.9

62.5

160.8

59.0

51.5

J51.3

44.1

44.0

144.8

140.8

134.5

a33.9

133.3

133.0

127.6

126.2

a22.6

125.0

123.7

121.4

119.7

a!9.0

a!7.2

15.9

a!5.9

a!2.2

11.6

all.O

klO.l

alO.2

b996.1 

b989.6

b979.8 

b974.3

b971.6

b969.2

a Furnished by Corps of Engineers, TJ. S. Army.

b Datum of Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army.

1 Furnished by Bureau of Public Roads. Datum of Corps of Engineers,

J Furnished by Washington Suburban Sanitary District.

k Furnished by TJ. S. Coast & Geodetic Survey.

TJ. S. Army.
FLOOD CRESTS 311

Table 15.- Flood crest stages Continued

Stream and location

Potomae River Basin Continued

Georges Creek:

Franklin, Md., right bank

Franklin, Md., U. S. Geological Survey gage, right bank

Westernport, Md., highway bridge

Westernport, Md., railroad bridge

Westernport, Md., highway bridge

Westernport, Md., Cumberland & Pennsylvania R.R. bridge

Mouth, Westernport, Md., Western Maryland Ry. bridge

Wills Creek:

Hyndman, Pa., right bank

Cooks Mills, Pa., railroad bridge, downstream

Fords Mill, Pa., half a mile above Pennsylvania-Maryland

State line

Ellerslie, Md., right bank

Mt. Savage Junction, Md., 0.4 mile downstream, right bank

Western Maryland Ry., right bank

Pennsylvania R.R. bridge, TJ. S. Geological Survey gage,

left bank

Western Maryland Ry., right bank

Western Maryland Ry., right bank

U. S. Highway 40 bridge, left bank, upstream

Railroad bridge, left bank, upstream

Cumberland, Md., Valley St. Bridge, upstream, left bank

Cumberland, Md., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. bridge, left bank,

upstream

Cumberland, Md., Market St. Bridge, upstream, right bank

Cumberland, Md., Baltimore St. Bridge

Cumberland, Md., mouth, left bank

Evitts Creek:

Bedford Valley, Pa., U. S. Geological Survey gage near

Thomas W. Koon Dam, upstream

Gordon Dam, upstream

Pennsylvania-Maryland State line

Cumberland, Md., Country Club, TJ.'S. Geological Survey

gage

Cumberland, Md., right bank

Aqueduct, upstream, right bank

Mouth, aqueduct, downstream, right bank

South Branch of Potomae Rivers

McCoy'a Mill, W. Va., highway bridge, right bank, downstream

Franklin, W. Va., dam, left bank, downstream

Franklin, W. Va., right bank

Hammer School, W. Va., mill, left bank

Ruddle, ff. Va., left bank

Upper Tract, W. Va., highway bridge, left bank

Upper Tract, W. Va., new highway bridge, left bank,

downstream

Upper Tract, W. Va., highway bridge, right bank

Mouth of North Fork of South Branch of Potomae River,

left bank

Royal Glen School, ff. Va., U. S. Geological Survey gage,

right bank

Petersburg, W. "Va., highway bridge, right bank

Welton, W. Va., bridge, downstream

Welton, W. Va., bridge

Baltimore & Ohio R.R. bridge, right bank, downstream

Moorefield, W. Va., mouth of South Fork of South Branch

of Potomae River, right bank

Cunninghaia, ff. Va., highway bridge, left bank, downstream

Mapleton, ff. Va., Poland's farm, right bank

tiles 

above 

mouth

0.92

.83

.47

.19

.08

.03

0

14.8

9.6

7.3

6.1

3.6

2.5

2.08

1.8

1.51

1.38

1.05

.64

.50

.38

.15

0

15.3

13.3

11.75

e9.9

3.3

.8

.06

.03

110.84

108.12

106.17

104.23

101.02

95.21

93.63

93.43

72.83

71.88

68.60

65.79

64.84

62.04

56.88

53.55

50.80

Date 

and 

time

Mar. 17

6pm

--

Mar. 17

2:30pm

Mar. 17

9-llpm

Mar . 17

llpm

--

-_

--

Mar. 17

9:30pm

--

--

Mar . 17

llpm

--

Mar . 17

10: 30am

Mar. 17

llam

Mar. 17

noon

Mar. 17 

8pm

Mar. 17

1pm

Mar . IV

1pm

Mar. 17

6pm

Mar. 17

4:30pm

Mar. 17

3pm

Mar. 17

7pm

Mar. 17

7:30pm

Mar. 17

llpm

Mar. 17

11: 45pm

Altitude 

in 

feet

m977.0

m968.6

e949.0

C924.6

C920.0

C919.0

C918.0

a926.6

a774.4

a742.8

a725.7

a687.4

a665.9

b663.1

a657.0

a654.4

e654.4

e643. 2

6635.1

e633. 8

e633.0

e629.7

e627. 6

n7.1

el, 020. 5

e975.8

nlO.6

e606.1

6605.5

e603.8

al, 760.0

al, 698.1

al,644.8

al,598.8

al,532.4

al,432.6

al,413.2

al,410.7

a991.7

982.3

a935.3

a898.4

a888.2

a853.6

a807.6

a786.7

a775.7

a Furnished by Corps of Engineers, IF. S. Army, 

b Datum of Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army. 

o Furnished toy West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co. 

e Furnished by eity engineer, Cumberland, Md. 

m Datum of West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co. 

n Gage height in feet.
FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 15.- Flood crest stages Continued

Stream and location

Potomac River Basin Continued

South Branch of Potomac River Continued.

McNeill, W. Va., station, right bank

Sycamore, W. Va., railroad bridge, left bank

Sector, W. Va., Glebe Station, bridge, right bank, upstream

Johnson, W. Va., left bank

Hampshire Club, W. Va., left bank

West Romney Station, W. Va., left bank

Romney, W. Va., highway bridge, downstream, left bank

Buffalo Creek

Hitters, W. Va., railroad bridge

Millesons Mill, W. Va., left bank

Springfield, W. Va., B. S. Geological Survey gage

Mouth, confluence with North Branch of Potomac River,

right bank

North Pork of South Branch of Potomac River!

Mouth of Seneca, W. Va., 3.62 miles below

New Hopeville, W. Va., 3.07 miles above, left bank and

right bank

New Hopeville, W. Va., left bank

Mouth, left bank

South Fork of South Branch of Potomac River:

Brandywine, W. Va., right bank

Fort Seybert, W. Va., bridge, left bank, downstream

Moorefield-Fort Seybert road, ford on

Wine Spring School, W. Va., left bank

Blue Rock School, W. Va., left bank

Bass, W. Va., 2 miles above, left bank

Bass, W. Va., 1 mile below, left bank

Highway bridge, D. S. Geological Survey gage, left bank

Suspension bridge, upstream, right bank

Mouth, right bank

Lost River and Cacapon River (continuation of Lost River):

Culler Run, mouth of, highway bridge, left bank,

upstream

Mathias, W. Va., post office, right bank

Lost City, W. Va., right bank

Lost River, W. Va., left bank

Lost River, W. Va., highway bridge, left bank, upstream

Heisman Church, W. Va., left bank

Baker, W. Va., left bank

Heltzel Run, mouth of, left bank

McCauley, W. Va., store, left bank

Lost River sinks, highway bridge

Cacapon River emerges, right bank

Wardensville, W. Va., right bank

Wardensville, W. Va., mouth of Trout Run, right bank

Wardensville, W. Va., highway bridge, right bank

Wardensville, W. Va. , railroad bridge, right bank

Crest Hill Church, W. Va., left bank

Intennont, W. Va., left bank

Yellow Spring, W. Va., foot bridge, left bank

Yellow Spring, W. Va., highway bridge

Riverdale School, W. Va., left bank

Miles 

above 

mouth

49.77

48.59

42.39

38.58

35.11

34.04

32.46

28.94

23.45

15.55

13.16

0

16.09

9.53

6.50

0

46.00

37.31

27.85

25.53

18.22

14.25

10.85

7.75

4.79

0

108.7

106.4

101.7

99.4

98.8

95.81

92.77

89.53

88.52

82.99

79.62

78.32

77.62

75.61

75.48

71.35

68.71

64.16

63.04

60.2

Date 

and 

time

Mar. 17

ll:30pm

 -

Mar. 17

ll:30pm

Mar. 18

12:30am

Mar. 18

2am

Mar. 18

5: 30am

Mar. 18

5:30am

Mar. 17

1pm

Mar. 17

6pm

Mar. 17

8: 30pm

Mar. 17

10pm

Mar. 17

9pm

Mar. 17

10pm

Mar. 17

4pm

Mar. 17

8pm

Mar. 17

7pm

Mar. 17

7pm

Mar. 17

7: 30pm

Mar. 17

6pm

Mar. 17

7pm

Mar. 17

8: 30pm

Mar. 17

9pm

Mar. 17

9pm

Mar. 17

10pm

--

Mar. 17

8: 30pm

--

Mar. 17

10pm

Mar. 17

9:30pm

Mar. 17

8pm 

Mar. 17

10pm

Mar. 17

llpm

Altitude 

in 

feet

a776.4

a772.4

a724.6

a705.7

a693.5

a678.4

a671.4

a661.8

a642.3

601.7

596.2

a559.7

al, 432.1

al, 274.0

al,151.7

a991.7"

al,572.5

al,440.9

al,216.5

al,182.2

al,061.8

a998.4

a943.6

a907.5

a859.3

a807.6

al,595.4

al, 528.1

al,416.4

al,383.2

al,374.6

al,327.4

al,293.8

al,273.7

al,259.9

al,153.7

al,040.2

a990.3

a980.3

a961.1

S959.4

a922.8

a906.7

a885.4

a872.7

a861.3

a Furnished by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army.
FLOOD CRESTS

Table 15.- Flood crest stages Continued

Stream and location

Potomac River Basin Continued

T-ost River and Cacapon River (continuation of Lost River) 

Continued!

Hooks Mills, W. Va.,

Kale Hollow, mouth or, left bank

Capon Chapel, W. Va., left bank

Capon Bridge, W. Va., highway bridge, left bank, downstream

Hook Haven, W. Va.

Castle Rock, W. Va.

Porks of Cacapon, W. Va., highway bridge, left bank,

downstream

Bowers Run, mouth of, left bank

Miles 

above 

mouth

57.49

55.4

54.49

51.49

46.49

41.73

38.63

31.5

Largent, W. Va., highway bridge, right bank \ 21.63

Fisher Ford, W. Va., highway bridge, left bank, downstream

Harlan Ford, W. Va., left bank

Rock Ford, W. Va., highway bridge, left bank, downstream

Rock Ford, W. Va., TJ. S. Geological Survey gage, left

bank

Edes Fort, W. Va., left bank

Mouth

~> orth River:

Rio, W. Va., right bank

Sedan, W. Va., right bank

Hanging Rock, W. Va., U. S. Highway 50, upstream, right

bank

Mouth

Licking Creek:

Sylvan, Pa., highway bridge at Maryland-Pennsylvania

State line, TJ. S. Geological Survey gage

Mouth

" jnococheague Creeks

Fairview, Md., TJ. S. Geological Survey gage, right bank

Mouth, left bank

I'-itietam Creek:

Sharpsburg, Md., Burnside Bridge, gage, left bank

Mouth

South Fork of Shenandoah River I

Confluence of North and South Rivers

Lynnwood, Va., C. M. Knight's store, right bank

Lynnwood, Va., li miles below, TJ. S. Geological Survey

gage, left bank

Grove Hill Dam, left end, left bank

Fultz Run, Norfolk & Western Ry. embankment, right bank

Newport, Va., Page Power Co., 100 feet above dam, right

bank

Newport, Va., Page Power Co., 100 feet below dam, right

bank

Newport, Va., J mile below, Folz mill, right bank

Alma, Va., highway bridge, right bank

Massanutten, Va., highway bridge, TJ. S. Highway 211,

former gage site, right bank

Massanutten, Va., 1 mile below, Kaufman's mill, right

bank

Luray plant, Page Power Co., 100 feet above dam,, left

bank

Luray plant, Page Power Co., 100 feet below dam, left

bank

Bixlers Ferry, left bank

Baumgardners Ferry, left bank

Oak Hill Ferry, left bank

Rileyville, Va., right bank

Compton, Va., right bank

Overall, Va., right bank

Bentonville, Va., Indian Hollow Bridge, left bank 

Karo, Va., i mile below, railway embankment, right bank

12.28

10.18

6.62

6.3

6.0

0

35.7

26.45

22.05

0

9.5

0

18.6

0

4.0

0

al01.4

99.4

98.0

69.0

67,9

63.6

62.5

62.7

59.7

53.7

52.6

48.6

48.5

46.0

40.0

37.6

33. S

S8.8

24.7

18.8 

9.7

Date 

and

time

Mar. 17

ll:30pm

Mar . 17

llpm

Mar . 17-18

midnight

Mar. 17-18

midnight

i 

Mar. 17-18

midnight

Mar. 18

3: 30am

Mar. 18

6am

Mar. 18

8am

__

Mar. 17

5pm

Mar. 17

7pm

Mar. 17

7pm

Mar. 17-18

midnight

Mar. 18

lam

Mar. 18

5am

Mar. 18

Spm

__

Mar. 18

3:30am

Mar. 18

llam-lpm

__

__

Mar. 18

1pm

Mar. 18

S-3pm

Mar. 18

3-4pm

Mar. 18 

6:30-

7:30pm

Altitude 

in 

feet

a843.5

a829 . 6

8S6.3

a814.1

a780.4

a704.4

a685.3

a631.9

a579.8

a534.5

a518.9

488.8

486.9

a485.0

a458.6

al,126.4

a926.4

a879.7

a685.3

451.6

a417.5

40.5.0

a377.5

319.9

a314.8

--

1,045.3

1,039.7

a859.3

a852.S

a8S8.7

a821.7

a815.9

786.8

749.7

a745.S

a731.4

a7S3.0

a709.6

a688.S

a668.6

a645.0

a619.6

a593.0

a560.6 

a518.S

a Furnished by Corps of Engineers, TJ. S. Army.
514 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 15.- Flood crest stages Continued

Stream and location

Potomac River Basin Continued

South Fork of Shenandoah River Continued.

Front Royal, Va., block signal, transformer house, right

bank

Front Royal, Va., highway bridge, TJ. S. Geological Survey

gage, left bank

Riverton, Va., near highway bridge, right bank

Rlverton, Va., junction with North Fork of Shenandoah

River

Shenandoah River:

Rlverton, Va., confluence of North and South Forks of

Shenandoah River

Rlverton, Va., TJ. S. Weather Bureau gage, Norfolk &

Western Ry. bridge abutment, right bank

Rlverton Lime Co. railroad embankment, left bank

Warren Power Co., 1,000 feet above dam, left bank

Warren Power Co., 1,000 feet below dam, left bank

Morgan Ford, 3/4 mile below, right bank

Morgan Ford, 2 3/4 miles below, right bank

Chapman's Farm, right bank

Berrys Ferry, highway bridge, left bank

Castlemans Ferry

Millville, W. Va., TJ. S. Geological Survey gage, left

bank

Millville, W. Va., Pittsburgh Limestone Corp. office,

left bank

Millville, W. Va., old gage site, left bank

Harpers Ferry, W. Va., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. bridge, left

bank

Harpers Ferry, W. Va., above mill, left bank

Harpers Ferry, W. Va., 3,000 feet above bridge

Harpers Ferry, W. Va., jail, left bank

Harpers Ferry, W. Va., junction with Potomac River

North Fork of Shenandoah River:

Cootes Store, Va., highway bridge, TJ. S. Geological

Survey gage

Sew Market, Va., old dam, power pole

Quicksburg, Va., highway bridge, wing-wall, left bank

Mt. Jackson, Va., highway bridge, approach fill

Mt. Jackson, Va., mill

Fred Bowman's house, lower step

Edinburg, Va., highway bridge, 200 feet below dam, right

bank

Chapmans Bridge, approach fill, right 'bank

Woodstock Dam, Va., Public Service Co., 40 feet above

plant, rock cliff, right bank

Woodstock, Va., 1 3/4 miles south of concrete bridge,

cellar of dwelling

Woodstock Power Co., 200 feet above dam, building

Woodstook Power Co., 1,000 feet below dam

Woodstock, Va,, 3 miles below

Maurertown, Va., Helsey Bridge, right bank

Maurertown, Va., Boyers Bridge, cabin

Toms Brook, Rhodes estate, old slave oabin

Strasburg, Va., 6 miles above Rameys Farm

Strasburg, Va., 0.7 mile below Tumbling Run

Strasburg, Ya., 2 miles east of highway bridge, D. S.

Geological Survey gage, right bank

Cedar Creek, Cherokee 'Lodge

Passage Creek, mouth of

Buckton, Va., Southern Ry. fill, right bank

Rivertcn, Va., power plant and dam

Rlverton, Va., junction with South Pork of Shenandoah

River

Monocacy River:

Frederick, Kd. , above Jug Bridge, U. S. Geological Survey

gage, right bank

Mouth

Miles 

above 

mouth

3.6

3.2

.3

0

50.8

50.7

49.7

47.6

47.2

43.3

41.2

35.9

32.7

20.9

4.7

4.2

4.1

1.46

.77

.6

.23

0

89.6

77.5

73.5

69.9

68.2

64.0

56.5

50.9

49.4

44.7

41.0

40.8

38.1

30.5

26.8

23.8

19.1

13.1

9 .9

7.8

a5.5

5.1

.5

0

16.4

0

Date 

and 

time

Mar. 18

6: 30pm

__

_-

__

__

__

_

, _

__

__

Mar. 18

Mar. 18

Mar. 18

5-8pm

Mar. 18

8: 30pm

__

--

_

__

__

Mar. 17

8pm

Mar. 17

8:30-

9: 30pm

--

Mar. 17

10-11: 30pm

, 

Mar. 17-18

llpm-lam

__

Mar. 18

12:30-

l:30am

__

__

__

__

__

Mar .18

4am

__

Mar. 18

5:30-

7: 30am

Mar. 18

8am

__

__

__

Mar. 18

10am12: 30pm

Mar. 18

noon

~

Altitude 

in 

feet

a497.1

495.4

494.3

__

__

493.1

490.8

a477.2

a475.2

a466.8

a459.8

a447.7

440.2

397.5

319.4

318.0

317.1

a293.5

a284.5

285.3

a282.5

1,075.0

a940.1

899.5

a868.8

a860.9

838.4

a771.2

a736.7

a727.4

a705.5

a686.2

a683.2

a668.9

625.6

a613.2

a595.4

a565.9

a535.0

524.1

a515.5

a504.4

a495.3

241.9

a235.0

a Furnished by Corps of Engineers, D. S. Army.
FLOOD CRESTS

Table 15.- Flood crest stages Continued

Stream and location

Potomae River Basin Continued

tneca Creek:

Dairsonvllle, lid., U.S. Geological Survey gage

Mouth

James River Basin

"ickson Rivers

Falling Spring, Va., 1 mile below highway bridge,

U.S. Geological Survey gage, right bank

"-mes River:

Confluence of Jackson and Cowpasture rivers

Lick Run, Va., 1,000 feet above gage, highway bridge,

right bank

Lick Run, Va., old highway bridge, U. S. Geological

Survey gage, right bank

Glen Wilton, Va., highway bridge, west abutment,

right bank

Baldwin, Va., bridge, west upstream side, right bank

Gala, Va., Sinking Creek, Chesapeake ft Ohio Ry. bridge,

left bank

Chesapeake ft Ohio Ry. mile post 215, left bank

Cralg Creek, mouth of

Eagle Rock, Va., 1,000 feet below old highway bridge,

garage, left bank

Chesapeake 5; Ohio Ry. bridge No. 210-4, southeast

abutment, left bank

Salisbury, Va., Chesapeake 5c Ohio Ry. station and

bridge No. 208-1, left bank

Catawba Creek, mouth of

Saltpetre, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station and

bridge No. 205-2, left bank

Near Saltpetre, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. bridge

No. 201-9, left bank

Horseshoe Bend, Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. James River

bridge No. 201-7, right bank

Sprlngwood, Va., west end bridge, store house, right

bank

Buchanan, Va., highway bridge, Chesapeake & Ohio Ry.

station, southeast corner, left bank

Buchanan, Va., Chesapeake 3c Ohio Ry. station, U.S.

Geological Sutvey gage, left bank

Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. bridge No. 192-3, left bank

Indian Rock, Va., Chesapeake 4 Ohio Ry. bridge over

Whistle Creek, left bank

Rocky Point, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. bridge over

Roaring Run, left bank

Gllmore Mills, Va., Gilmore Mill, west side, door,

left bank

Hatural Bridge, Va., Horfolk & Western Ry. bridge

over James River, left bank

Balcony Falls, Va., Chesapeake 4 Ohio Ry. station,

left bank

Horth River, mouth of

Balcony Falls Dam, 25 feet above, right bank

Balcony Falls Dam, 100 feet below, left bank

Snowden, Va. , Chesapeake £ Ohio Ry. bridge No. 170-0,

right bank

Cushaw Dam, 40 feet above, left bank

Cuahaw Dam, 150 feet below, highway bridge, right bank

Bedford Dam, 60 feet above, left bank

Bedford Dam, 100 feet below, left bank

Major, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. mile post 167,

right bank

Big Island Dam, 640 feet above, right bank

Big Island Dam, 300 feet below, warehouse, right bank

Waugh, Va., Chesapeake ft Ohio Ry. station, 200 feet

east of, right bank

Coleman Falls Dam, 150 feet above, fire-hose house,

right bank

Coleman Falls Dam, 800 feet below, garage, right bank

Holcombs Rock, Va., 100 feet above dam, right bank

Holcombs Rock, Va., below dam, Blectro Metallurgical

Co. foundry, right bank

Holcombs Rock, Va., U.S. Geological Survey gage,

right bank

Abert, Va. , old Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station, right

bank

Reusens, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. bridge, 750 feet

above dam, right bank

Miles 

above 

mouth

5.8

0

89.3

339.7

339.1

338.9

335.5

332.4

327.9

325.9

323.7

323.0

320.9

Date 

and 

time

Mar. 18

2am

Mar. 17

8pm

Altitude 

in 

feet

217.9

a201.2

1,348.2

Mar. 18

2: 30am

- 

--

--

--

j

1,008.0

1,004.0

989.7

979.3

956.8

944.9

 -

933.4

925.2

318.7 ~ ; 911.1

318.7

315.2

311.7

308.6

305.9

301.2

301.2

298.5

294.3

291.1

286.3

283.8

280.8

279.9

279.8

279.8

275.5

275.2

274.6

273.5

273.5

271.9

269.7

269.5

267.8

264.2

264.0

261.8

261.7

261.6

259.4

255.8

--

Mar. 18

ll:30am

--

~

 

__

__

__

__

 

_-

_-

 

__

__

. 

Mar. 18

2s30pm

__

895.8

876.1

861.2

851.7

830.8

829.4

815.0

793.47

775.66

750.83

738.4

724.56

__

722.94

712.31

664.17

662.34

647.69

635.86

632.30

627.38

619.36

616.03

611.32

606.01

598.18

589.32

580.90

579.31

562.56

553.98

Furnished by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army.
FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 15.- Flood crest stages^ Continued

Stream and location

James River Basin Continued

James River Continued:

Reusens, Va., Appalachian Power Co. gage, right bank

Reusens, Va., half a mile below dam, pump house,

right bank

Lynchburg, Va. , 10 feet above Lynchburg dam, left

bank

Lynchburg, Va. 3 Seventh Street bridge, first pier,

right bank

Lynchburg, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. mile post 145,

right bank '

Kelly, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. mile post 141,

right bank

James River, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. bridge, 150

feet above, left bank

Gaits Mill, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. section house

Ho. 75, left bank

Stapleton, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station, left

bank

Walkerford, Va., near Chesapeake !fc Ohio Ry. station,

general store, left bank

Riverville, Va., left bank

Aliens Creek, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station,

left bank

Gladstone, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. tool shed near

station, left bank

Bent Creek, Va., highway bridge, U.S. Geological Survey

gage, left bank

Greenway, Va., Chesapeake *t Ohio Ry. mile post 114,

250 feet north of, left bank

Buffalo Springs, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station,

left bank

Buffalo River, mouth of

Norwood, Va., 350 feet southeast of Buffalo River

bridge, garage, left bank

Wingina, Va., general store, near gasoline pumps,

left bank

Midway Mills, Va. , west end old mill, left bank

Warminster, Va., willow tree, wooden panel, dated,

left bank

Manteo, Va., ferry house, northeast corner, right bank

Highlands, Va., Chesapeake 4 Ohio Ry. station, left

bank

Howardsville, Va., highway bridge, garage, left bank

Warren, Va., Chesapeake Sc Ohio Ry. station, garage,

left bank

Hatton, Va. , Chesapeake 4 Ohio Ry. station, southeast

corner, left bank

Scottsville, Va., C. R. Dorrier's store, left bank

Scottsville, Va., highway bridge, U.S. Geological

Survey gage, left bank

Hardware River, mouth of

Hardware, Va., Chesapeake 4 Ohio Ry. station, left bank

Shores, Va., Chesapeake 4 Ohio Ry. tool shed, left bank

Strathmore, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station, 300

feet east of, left bank

Slate River, mouth of

Bremo, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station, left bank

Sterns, Va., site of old Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station,

left bank

Rivanna, Va., opposite Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station,

post, left bank

Rivanna River, mouth of

Columbia, Va., Chesapeake 4 Ohio Ry. station, southeast corner of, left bank

Island, Va., Chesapeake <% Ohio Ry. station, corner of,

left bank

Elk Hill, Va. , highway bridge, barn near bridge,

left bank

Willis River, mouth of

Cartersville, Va., Chesapeake % Ohio Ry. station at

Pemberton, left bank

Cartersville, Va., highway bridge, U.S. Geological

Survey gage, left bank

Westview, Va., Chesapeake 4 Ohio Ry. station, left

bank

Rock Castle, Va., Chesapeake 4 Ohio Ry. station, northwest corner, left bank

Ben Lomond, Va., Chesapeake 4 Ohio Ry. waiting room,

left bank

Irwin, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. freight shed, left

bank

Maidens, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station, left bank

State Farm, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station,

left bank

Miles 

above 

mouth

255.6

255.0

252.1

251.9

250.4

246.6

243.1

238.4

235.8

231.8

22&.0

225.4

223,9

222.8

219.0

215.9

213.9

213.8

209.0

206.9

203.4

201.2

199.2

196.7

191.2

188.3

184.8

184.6

178.7

178.1

175.4

174.2

172.8

171.7

167.5

164.6

162.2

161.8

159.3

157.8

154.1

152.5

152.4

146.9

144.9

142.1

137.5

135.0

131.5

Date 

and 

time

__

--

~

--

_-

Mar. 18

9:30pm

«

Altitude

in 

feet

541.06

538.97

529.38

523.97

517.65

501.19

483.58

468.12

457.98

439.69

426.53

417.80

411.88

403.69

388.69

378.24

i __ j --

--

 

--

 

Mar. 19

2am

 -

~

--

--

»

369.17

354.24

348.33

341.82

333.79

325.23

316.70

295.20

287.50

279.40

278.85

257.11

238.94

230.10

__

225.62

218.23

~

~

--

Mar. 19

11am

212.99

--

208.55

204.34

202.51

- 

191.59

190.34

183.00

178.22

173.41

167.09

162.11

157.51
FLOOD CHESTS 317

Table 15.- Flood crest stages Continued

Stream and location

James River Basin Continued

James River Continued!

Lee, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station, left bank

Sabot, Va., Chesapeake «: Ohio Ry. station, left bank

Venita, Va. , Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station, left bank

Richmond, Va., Nine Mile Look, left bank

Richmond, Va., Westham bridge, U.S. Geological Survey

gage, left bank

Richmond, Va., 1,100 feet above Chesapeake & Ohio Ry.

mile post 4, left bank

Richmond, Va., Boulevard highway bridge, left bank

Richmond, Va., Albemarle Paper Co. plant, downstream,

left bank

Richmond, Va., U.S. Weather Bureau gage, left bank

Newport News, Va., mouth of James River

Dunlap Creek:

Covington, Va., 3 miles west of, highway bridge, U.S.

Geological Survey gage

Potts Creek:

Covington, Va., 3 miles southwest of, highway bridge,

U.S. Geological Survey -gage

Cowpaature River:

Clifton Forge, Va., 4 miles southeast of, highway

bridge, U.S. Geological Survey gage, left bank

Craig Creek:

Parr, Va., Chesapeake 4 Ohio Ry. bridge, U.S. Geological Survey gage

Catawba Creek:

Fincastle, Va., 4 miles northeast of, Kyles Mills,

highway bridge, U.S. Geological Survey gage

Calf pasture River:

Goshen, Va., highway bridge, U.S. Geological Survey

gage

North River:

Rockbridge Baths, Va., 700 feet above highway bridge,

U.S. Geological Survey gage, right bank

Lexington, Va., 2jjf miles above, U.S. Geological

Survey gage, right bank

Lexington, Va., old covered bridge, house 60 feet

above, left bank

Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. mile post B.F. 18, left bank

South River, Va. , half a mile below, Chesapeake &

Ohio Ry. bridge, old barn, left bank

Buena Vista, Va. , U.S. Highway 60, bridge pier,

left bank

Buena Vista, Va., Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. station,

left bank

Lock Laird, Va., Norfolk & Western Ry. station, 125

feet south of, right bank

Thompson, Va., Norfolk & Western Ry., outhouse,

right bank

Buffalo Forge, Va. , Norfolk & Western Ry. station, 150

feet south of, right bank

Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge No. 430, right bank

Glasgow, Va., concrete highway bridge, left bank

Glasgow, Va., junction with James River

Kerrs Creek:

Lexington, Va., 2s miles northwest of, highway bridge,

U.S. Geological Survey gage

Tye River:

Roseland, Va. , three-quarters of a mile southwest of,

highway bridge, U.S. Geological Survey gage

Hardware River:

Scottsville, Va., 3 miles north of, highway bridge,

U.S. Geological Survey gage

Slate River:

Arvonia, Va., 2 miles from, former gage site

Wlllis Rivers

Flanagan Mills, Va., former gage site

Miles 

above 

mouth

129.0

125.2

120.2

113.3

111.7

109.0

107.5

105.7

104.6

0

3.5

5.2

1.5

11.5

6.5

44.1

34.9

21.5

18.7

17.8

14.0

11.2

10.9"

9.1

6.4

4.5

3.2

.4

0

1.2

13.5

11.6

2.0

5.8

Date 

and 

time

 -

 

 

Mar. 19

10pm

 

 -

 

__

Mar. 17

5pm

Mar. 17

4pm

Mar. 18

U30am

Mar. 18

5am

Mar. 17

4:30pm

Mar. 17

llpm

Mar. 17-18

midnight

Mar. 18

Sam

 

__

 

--

Mar. 17

llpm

Mar. 17

9: 30pm

Mar. 17

ypm

Altitude 

in 

feet

152.45

145.82

138.49

128.33

122.24

102.17

82.80

44.59

28.7

1,304.73

1,267.13

1,025.55

1? 006.76

1,008.32

1,393.40

1,113.40

930.14

916.06

905.04

873.55

846.76

829.07

813.27

791.33

759.04

743.38

724.73

-~

984.86

664.70

324.95

254.88

199.18
318 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 15.- Flood crest stages Continued

Stream and location

Upper Ohio River Basin

Allegheny River:

Franklin, Pa., highway bridge, gage, right bank

Parkers Landing, Pa., highway bridge, gage, right bank

East Brady, Pa., highway bridge, left bank

left bank

Left bank

Left bank

Van Buren, Pa. , left bank

Left bank

Waters onvl lie, Pa., left bank

Redbank Creek, mouth of

Left bank

Left bank

Left bank

Cosmus, Pa., Lock and Dam Ho. 9, left bank

Left bank

Left bank

Left bank

Left bank

Rlmerton, Pa., left bank

Left bank

Left bank

Left bank

Left bank

Left bank

Left bank

Left bank

Mahonlng Creek, mouth of, left bank

Mosgrove, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 8, upper pool, left bank

Pine Creek, mouth of, left bank

Klttaimlng, Pa., left bank

Kittannlng, Pa., left bank

Kittanning, Pa., highway bridge

Applewold, Pa., right bank

Garretts Run, mouth of, left bank

Ford City, Pa., left bank

Ford C Ity, Pa. , left bank

Glen Irwin, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 6, lower pool, right

bank

Freeport, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 6, right bank

Kiskimlnetas River, mouth of, left bank

Freeport, Pa., right bank

Braeburn, Pa. , right bank

Braeburn, Pa. , right bank

Braeburn, Pa. , right bank

Natrona, Pa., right bank

Natrona, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 4, right bank

Chartiers Creek, mouth of, left bank

Braekenridge , right bank

Tarentum, pa., right bank

West Tarentum, Pa., right bank

Creighton, Pa., right bank

Creighton, Pa., right bank

Qlassmere, Pa., right bank

New Kensington, Pa., highway bridge, right bank

Sprlngdale, Pa., right bank

Springdale , Pa. , right bank

Springdale, Pa., right bank

Cheswiok, Pa., right bank

Acmetonla, Pa., look and Dam No. 3, right bank

Red Raven, Pa., right bank

Harmarville , Pa., highway bridge, right bank 

Montrose, Pa., right bank

Sandy Creek, mouth of, left bank

Blawnox, Pa., right bank

Blawnox, Pa., Allegheny County Workhouse, right bank

Nadlne Station, Pa., left bank

Asplnwall, Pa., right bank

Aspinwall, Pa., right bank

Asplnwall, Pa., left bank

Aspinwall, Pa., Look No. 2 (old), right bank

Aspinwall, Pa., Look and Dam No. 2 (new) lower pool,

right bank

Sharpsburg, Pa., Highland Park Bridge, right bank

Sharpsburg, Pa., right bank

Sharpsburg, Pa., right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., right bank

lilies 

above 

mouth

124.90

83.80

69.68

69.19

67.91

66.38

66.91

66.21

64.42

64.04

63.34

63.18

62.34

62.21

61.54

61.34

60.79

60.34

60.12

69.77

69.37

68.95

68.34

57.34

67.07

66.19

65.62

52.68

60.68

46.60

45.61

46.10

45.00

43.72

43.30

42.34

36.32

30.46

30.20

29»40

24.42

24.31

24.20

24.00

23.80

23.60

22.60

22.30

21.20

21.00

20.68

19.40

19.00

17.60

16.50

16.20

15.00

14.40

13.12

12.79 

11.17

9.80

9.64

9.10

8.75

7.68

7.33

7.24

7.00

6.66

6.30

6.00

6.60

5.00

4.90

4.80

Date 

and 

time

Mar. 28

6am

Mar .28

2pm

--

»»

--

--

--

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

«.

__

__

--.

--.

--

__

__

__

_-

_-

__

Mar. 18

7-10am

__

_~

Mar. 18

llam

--

__

__

M&T.18

1-Spm

__

Mar. 18

2:30pm

__

__

-_

Mar. 18

4pm

__

__

--

Mar. 18

--

__

....

__

__

_ 

__

__

_ 

~

__

__

« « 

__

__

_ ._

_ ._

Mar. 18

7pm

__

__

__

__

Altitude 

in 

feet

975.3

864.4

833.6

832.9

831.9

830.3

830.1

829.6

827.6

827.5

827.4

827.4

823.9

823.3

822.1

821.8

821.0

820.1

819.6

S18.7

818.1

817.9

817.2

816.1

816.9

816.3

813.3

810.4

802.4

797.5

793.9

793.5

792.3

791.7

790.6

784.9

781.2

780.7

777.4

770.6

770.1

768.6

767.8

766.9

766.8

765.7

766.6

766.0

764.5

763.8

763.4

761.6

760.8

760.1

759.3

757,3

766.9

764.2

754.0 

762.8

751.3

760.7

760.2

750.1

748.6

748.4

748.3

748.1

747.2

747.0

746.9

746.4

746.1

746.1

745.9
FLOOD CRESTS 319

Table 15.- Flood crest stages Continued

Stream and location

Upper Ohio River Basin Continued

Allegheny River Continued:

Pittsburgh, Pa. , left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., left bank

Millvale, Pa., right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa. , left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., 40th Street highway bridge, left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., Baltimore & Ohio Railroad bridge,

left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., 31st Street highway bridge, right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 1, upper pool, left

bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa. , right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., 16th Street highway bridge, left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., Sandusky Street viaduct, right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., 6th Street highway bridge, right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., Point Bridge, mouth, gage

Stony Creeks

Kings Station, Pa., highway bridge

Right bank

Right bank

Ferndale, Pa., right bank

Ferndale, Pa., left bank

Ferndale, Pa., right bank

Johnstown Pa., left bank

Johnstown Pa., right bank

Johnstown Pa., left bank

Johnstown Pa., Poplar Street highway bridge, gage

Johnstown Pa., left bank

Johnstown Pa., mouth, junction with Little Conemaugh

River, left bank

Kiskiminetas and Conemaugh Rivers s

Johnstown, Pa., junction Stony Creek and Little

Conemaugh River, left bank

Cambria, Pa., left bank

Coopersdale, Pa., Pennsylvania Railroad bridge, right

bank

Charles, Pa,, right bank

Seward, Pa., highway bridge, right bank

Seward, Pa. , left bank

Centerville, Pa., right bank

New Florence , Pa. , left bank

Lock Port, Pa., left bank

Robinson, Pa. , left bank

Bolivar, Pa., left bank

Bolivar, Pa., left bank

Strangford, Pa.^ right bank

Blairsville, Pa., right bank

Blairsville, Pa., right bank

Bairdstown, Pa., left bank

Blacklick Creek, mouth of, left bank

Livermore, Pa., Pennsylvania Railroad bridge, left bank

Tunnelton, Pa. , right bank

Saltsburg, Pa., right bank

Loyalhanna Creek, mouth of, right bank

Saltsburg, Pa. , right bank

Avonmore, Pa., left bank

Avonmore, Pa., highway bridge, gage

Avonmore, Pa., left bank

Saline, Pa. highway bridge, left bank

Saline, Pa. left bank

Apollo, Pa. highway bridge, right bank

Apollo, Pa. right bank

Apollo, Pa. right bank

Apollo, Pa. right bank

Apollo, Pa. right bank

Horth Vandergrift, Pa., highway bridge, right bank

Vendergrlft, Pa., gage, left bank

Right bank

Hjde Park, Pa., right bank

Leechburg, Pa.

Miles 

above 

mouth

3.99

3.90

3.58

3.48

3.40

3.22

3.09

2.68

2.45

2.20

2.10

1.84

1.68

1.52

1.46

1.37

1.35

.93

.71

.59

0

7.41

6.96

6.76

5.66

5.66

4.51

3.66

2.66

1.66

1.56

0.66

0

79.34

77.60

76.20

71.07

69.70

68.46

64.52

63.00

59.12

57.30

56.95

56.67

51.28

48.80

47.98

46.68

43.33

40.35

32.37

27.42

26.85

26.63

22.47

22.43

22.01

19.82

19.72

13.73

13.62

13.28

13.10

12.96

11.05

10.80

9.73

7.60

6.37

Date 

and 

time

--

 -

- 

--

--

--

--

 -

--

 -

--

 

 -

Mar. 18

7 -10pm

--

--

--

--

--

--

__

Mar. 18

12: 30am

__

 

Mar. 18

12:30am

--

--

Mar. 18

2am

- 

--

--

 -

__

--

--

-_

__

Mar. 18

8am

__

__

__

_-

--

__

__

__

Mar. 18

li:30am

__

__

--

Altitude 

in 

feet

744.6

744.4

744.1

744.2

744.1

744.1

744.0

743.7

743.0

742.8

742.7

742.0

742.0

741.8

741.8

741.7

741.5

740.5

740.2

740.2

740-.2

1,232.4

1,227.1

1,224.4

1,208.4

1,205.9

1,201.6

1,193.3

1,188.5

1,184.5

1,184.3

1,179.8

1,177.3

1,177.3

1,166.3

1,148.2

1,108.2

1,098.8

1,091.1

1,069.6

1,065.0

1,042.0

1,026.0

1,020.5

1,019.7

964.7

948.3

946.6

936.3

925.1

915.1

880.1

862.8

859.9

858.4

852.9

852.8

852.0

843.8

843.5

818.0

817.2

817.2

815.4

814.4

810.0

808.2

803.9

799.9

796.0
320 FLOODS OP MA.RCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 15.- Flood crest atages--Continued

Stream and location

Upper Ohio River Baa in Continued

Kiskimlnetas and Conemaugh Rivers --Continued!

Leechburg, Pa., right bank

Leechburg, Pa., right bank

Leechburg, Pa., Leechburg-Hillville highway bridge,

right bank

Leechburg, Pa., highway bridge, right bank

Right bank

Right bank

Mouth, Junction at Allegheny River

Little Conemaugh Rivers

Franklin, Pa. , highway bridge

Johnstown, Pa., left bank

Johnstown, Pa., right bank

Mouth, junction with Stony Creek

Monongahela Rivers

Point Marion, Pa., Lock and Dam Ko. 8, upper pool,

left bank

Point Marion, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 8, lower pool,

left bank

Greensboro, Pa., Lock and Dam Ko. 7, upper pool,

left bank

Greensboro, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 7, lower pool,

left bank

Rices Landing, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 6, upper pool

Brownsville, Pa., Lock and Dam Ko. 5, upper pool,

right bank

Charleroi, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 4, upper pool,

right bank

Monessen, Pa., right bank

Webster, Pa., highway bridge, right bank

Ella Mine, right bank

Gallatin Mine Lighb, left bank

Left bank

Pigeon Creek, mouth of, left bank

Monogahela, Pa., highway bridge, right bank

New Eagle, Pa., American Glass Co., left bank

Floreffe, Pa., left bank

Elizabeth, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 3, upper pool, right

bank

West Elizabeth, Pa., left bank

Clairton, Pa., highway bridge, left bank

Pine Run, mouth of, left bank

Dravosburg, Pa., highway bridge, left bank

Dravosburg, Pa., left bank

Youghiogheny River, mouth of

McEeesport, Pa., right bank

Riverton, Pa., Pennsylvania Railroad bridge, lefb bank

Duquesne, Pa., left bank

Thompson Station, Union Railroad bridge, left bank

Braddock, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 2, upper pool, right

bank

Braddock, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 2, lower pool, right

bank

Union Railroad bridge, left bank

Homestead, Pa. , right bank

Homestead, Pa., right bank

Hays, Pa., Pennsylvania Railroad viaduct, left bank

Glenwood Station, left bank

BK Tower, Pittsburgh & Lake Erie R.R., left bank

Becks Run, mouth of, left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 1, right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., Lock and Dam No. 1, power house,

right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago, &

St. Louis R.R. bridge, right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., Smithfield Street highway, bridge,

left bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., right bank

Pittsburgh, Pa., mouth, junction with Allegheny River

Toughiogheny Rivers

Casselman River, mouth of

Confluence, Pa., Baltimore & Ohio R.R. bridge

Miles 

above

mouth

6.10

5.58

5.40

4.85

4.50

4.38

0

2.62

1.46

0.46

0

90.60

90.60

84.80

84.80

68.30

56.50

41.40

39.00

36.30

35.00

33.00

32.50

32.30

32.00

30.00

24.50

23.80

22.60

21.00

18.70

16.40

16.00

15.55

15.00

14.40

13.50

11.50

11.27

11.20

9.20

7.50

7.10

6.00

5.00

4.58

4.41

3.56

1.94

1.92

1.25

1.10

0.90

0.75

0.20

0

73.15

73.05

Date 

and 

time

--

__

--

__

_-

__

Mar. 18

2l30pm

__

__

Mar. 18

12:30am

__

Mar. 18

3-4am

__

Mar. 18

3 -4am

Mar. 18

5-6am

Mar. 18

7-9am

Mar. 18

noon

__

__

__

__

__

__

-_

__

Mar. 18

4-5 pm

__

__

__

__

__

Mar. 18

6pm

__

__

Mar. 18

6-8pm

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

__

. 

__

__

Mar. 18

7-10pm

Mar. 17

llpm to

midnight

--

Altitude 

in 

feet

795.6

793.2

792.8

791.0

790.4

788.8

780.7

1,226.9

1,189.9

1,181.1

1,177.3

804.9

801.9

795.9

793.4

779.5

768.5

757.8

754.5

753.9

753.3

752,8

752.6

752.5

752.5

751.9

750.8

750.8

748.9

748.6

748.5

747.9

747.7

747.0

746.6

745.8

745.5

745.8

745.8

744.0

743.4

742.9

742.8

742.0

742.0

741.9

742.0

742.0

741.0

740.4

740.4

740.3

740.2

740.2

740.2

__

1,328.6
FLOOD CRESTS 321

Table 15.- Flood crest stagea Continued

Stream and location

Upper Ohio River Basin Continued

Youghiogheny River Continued: 

Ohiopyle, Pa., gage

Connells villa, Pa., Crawford Avenue highway bridge, gage

West Newton, Pa., highway "bridge, gage

West Hewton., Pa.

Gratztown, Pa.

Sutersville, Pa., right bank

Sutersville, Pa., highway bridge, gage

Sutersville, Pa.

Shaner, Pa., right bank

Coulter, Pa. , right, bank

Coulter, Pa., right bank

Versailles, Pa., highway bridge, right bank

Port Vue, Pa., 15th Street highway bridge, right bank

Port Vue, Pa., 15th Street highway bridge, left bank

McKeesport, Pa., right bank

Mouth, junction with Monongahela River

Miles 

above 

mouth

62.88

44.65

19.40

18.36

17.00

16.00

15.18

15.18

11.04

8.84

7.42

3.90

1.24

1.24

0.56

0

Date 

and 

time

Mar. 18

12:30am

Mar. 18

2am

Mar. 18

8:30am

__

Mar. 18

10am

 

Mar. 18 

6pm

Altitude 

in 

feet

1,212.3

880.4

768.7

767.4

766.2

765.4

763.8

763.4

759.3

755.8

754.7

751.1

748.4

748.1

747.7

~
FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 16.- Flood crest stages, Ohio River, 1956

Location

Pittsburgh, Pa.

Emsworth Dam

Coraopolia, Pa.

Sewiekley, Pa.

Dashields Dam

Lock No. 4

Lock No. 5

Lock No. 6

Lock No. Y

Look No. 8

Lock No. 9

Lock No. 10

Lock No. 11

Lock No. 12

Lock No. 13

Lock No. 14

Lock No. 15

Lock No. 16

Lock No*. 1Y

Marietta, Ohio

Lock No. 18

Parkersburg, W.Va.

Lock No. 19

Lock No. 20

Lock No. 21

Lock No. 22

Lock No. 23

Lock Ho. 24

Pomeroy, Ohio

Lock No. 25

Point Pleasant, W. Va.

Lock No. 26

Lock No. 2Y

Lock No. 28

Lock No. 29

Look No. 30

Portsmouth, Ohio

Lock No. 31

Lock No. 32

Lock No. 33

Lock No. 34

Lock No. 35

Lock No. 36

Cincinnati, Ohio

Lock No. 3Y

Lock No. 38

Lock No. 39

Madison, Ind.

Lock No. 41

Lock No. 41

Lock No. 43

Lock No. 44

Lock No. 45

Cannelton, Ind.

Lock No. 46

Lock No. 4Y

Evansville, Ind.

Lock NOc 48

Lock No. 49

Lock No. 50

Lock No. 51

Paducah, Ky.

Lock No. 52

Lock No. 53

Cairo, 111.

Miles 

above 

Cairo

979.5

973.3

970.3

967.7

966.2

960.9

955.4

950.2

943.0

933.1

923.4

913.3

902.6

892.1

883.4

865.5

850.4

833.0

812.0

807.5

799.6

794.9

787.3

777.0

764.9

758.6

748.1

737.0

728.2

718.8

714.3

701.0

678.5

667.9

659.6

640.1

623-. 5

620.2

596.9

594.4

545.4

528.5

518.6

509.3

496.3

476.2

447.8

421.8

372.5

372.5

346.3

316.3

276.5

255.5

222.2

201.8

187.2

169.9

134.5

102.7

76.4

45.0

40.6

16.9

0

*Zero 

of 

gage

a694.0

b690.Q

a683.4

C690.0

b678.6

667.8

661.3

655.3

647.2

640.3

633.9

625.5

618.1

610.8

602.8

594.1

586.8

579.0

571.2

a567.1

563.4

a561.9

555.3

549.1

541.6

536.0

528.2

520.1

512.1

a514.1

502.6

496.6

6492.0

483.1

475.1

a470.9

467.6

460.1

452.6

445.6

440.0

433.6

a428.8

425.3

417.9

410.6

d403.2

b403.0

m372.1

366.1

357.1

349.6

--

339.1

330.6

d329.2

322.6

312.1

301.1

294.6

C286.2

283.3

273.2

adq270.9

Date and time

Mar.l8,7-10pm

Mar. 18, 10- 12pm

Mar. 18, 10pm

Mar. 18, 10- 12pm

Mar. 18, 12pm

Mar. 18, 12pm

Mar.l8,12pm-Mar.l9,3am

Mar. 19, 2am

Mar.l9,3-6am

Mar. 19, 6am

Mar. 19, 8- 9am

Mar. 19, 10- 12am

Mar. 19, 12am-3pm

Mar.l9,2-6pm

Mar. 19, 6- 8pm

Mar. 19, 8pm- Mar. 20, lam

Mar.20,2-4am

Mar.20,7-9am

Mar.20,3-7pm

Mar. 20, 7pm

Mar . 2 0 , 9pm-Mar . 2 1 , lam

Mar. 2 0,12pm

Mar.21,l-7am

Mar.21,5-llam

Mar .21, 9am- 1pm

Mar.21,5-7pm

Mar.21,7-9pm

Mar .21, 9pm-Mar . 22 , 7am

Mar. 22, 11am

Mar . 22 , llam-7pm

Mar . 22 , 6pm

Mar.22,l-llpm

Mar.22,9pm-Mar.23,7am

Mar . 22 , llpm-Mar . 23 , 1pm

Mar . 23 , 9am- 1pm

Mar. 23, 3- 9pm

Mar. 23, 8pm

Mar". 2 3 , 3pm-Mar . 2 4 , 3am

Mar.24,3-9am

Mar.27,3-9pm

Mar.28,3am-6am

Mar.27,9pm-Mar.28,9am

Mar .28, Sam- 6am

Mar . 2 8 , lam-noon

Mar.28,3am-6pm

Mar. 2 8, 9am- 3pm

Mar.28,6pm-Mar.29,7am

Mar. 29, 7am

Mar. 29, 4pm

Mar. 29, 4pm

Mar.29,7pm-Mar.30,7am

Mar .29, 7pm-Mar . 3 0 , 7am

Mar.30,7am-7pm

Mar. 30-31

Mar .31, 7am- 7pm

Mar . 3 1 , 7am- Apr . 1 , 7pm

Mar .31, 7am- Apr . 1 , 7am

Apr . 1 , 7am- Apr . 2 , 7am

Apr. 3, 7pm- Apr. 4, 7am

Apr. 6, 7am

Apr. 6, 7am

Apr. 15, 10: 40pm

Apr. 15 ,7am-Apr. 16,7pm

Apr. 16, 7am

Apr. 16, 7am

tGage 

height 

in feet

a46.0

b42.3

a43.6

C34.75

b44.1

50.0

51.7

54.9

53.5

51.05

51.3

52.5

53.4

55.5

57.8

54.6

52.6

50.6

46.2

a48.1

48.6

a48.0

50.5

50.6

52.2

54.5

56.3

58.6

57.9

a54.4

61.6

56.0

656.8

62.7

61.9

a59.2

f61.7

f59.4

f59.1

g56.5

f56.5

g60.45

a60.6

g59.6

f59.1

h53.5

dk52.0

bk36.6

km65.6

n64.3

63.6

n54.9

n45.1

n46.7

dp44.4

n46.7

n46.4

n50.1

n47.8

C49.15

n50.9

n55.2

adr52 . 8

*Altitude

740.0

732.3

727.0

724.8

722.7

717.8

713.0

710.2

700.7

691.4

685.2

678.0

671.5

666.3

660.6

648.7

639.4

629.6

617.4

615.2

612.0

609.9

605.8

599.7

593.8

590.5

584.5

578.7

d572.9

570.0

568.5

564.2

552.6

548.8

545.8

537.0

530.1

529.3

519.5

511.7

502.1

496.5

494.0

489.4

484.9

477.0

464.1

455.2

439.6

437.7

430.4

420.7

404.5

d394.6

384.2

377.3

373.6

369.3

358.5

351.2

342.4

335.4

334.2

328.4

323.7

* Altitude, in feet, above mean sea level, 

t Pass sill gage of Corps of Engineers, U.

S. Army, unless otherwise noted, 

a U.S. Weather Bureau gage, 

b Upper gage, Corps of Engineers, U.S.

Army. 

c U.S. Geological Survey water-stage

recorder.

d Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, gage, 

e Low water gage, Corps of Engineers, U.

S. Army, 

f Only Sam, 9am, 3pm and 6pm readings

available.

g Only Sam, 6am, 9am, 3pm, 6pm and 9pm readings available.

h Only 6am, 7am, and 6pm readings available.

k Only 7am and 4pm readings available.

m Lower gage, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army.

n Only 7am and 7pm readings available.

p Only 7am readings available.

q 270.584 feet above mean sea level (1929 

adjustment), 270.406 feet above mean sea 

level by Mississippi River Commission.

r Only 7am and 5pm readings available.
750

700

650

600

550

500

450

350

300

250

100 200 300 400 500 ' 

Mllea above Cairo, 111.

Figure 57. Profile of maximum crest stages on the Ohio River d

the maximum crest stages previously 
324 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

ply to the later peak down to some point where the profiles of the two 

crests merged, probably in the vicinity of Watersonville or Cosmus, Pa.

The times of crest at river-measurement stations and at certain 

other points, such as power dams, are in general well established. At 

many other points this information is approximate.

It has been found that the crests of floods within the building limits of cities and towns and at other places more or less distant from a 

river may, for various reasons, be materially different from those along 

the main river channel and may be seemingly inconsistent if consideration is not given to the effect of the slope. Consequently apparent inconsistencies may appear to exist between local information and the records as herein published. Flood crests on opposite banks of a stream 

may differ materially because of the effects of bends and obstructions 

in the channel.

In the table "upstream" signifies that the observation was made at 

the upstream side of a bridge or other structure; "downstream" signifies 

that the observation was made at the downstream side of the structure.

RECORDS OF PREVIOUS FLOODS

Knowledge of the floods of the past provides an effective basis upon 

which to formulate plans for protection against future floods and for 

control of the flood waters. Discriminating consideration of the magnitude and frequency of great floods is essential to the best economic 

solution of flood problems; consequently, the longer the records of flood 

experience the more enlightened and adequate the solution may be.

Systematic observations of the stages and discharges of rivers in 

the United States cover short periods of time and may be said to be comparatively in their infancy. The records diminish greatly in number as 

they extend into the past, and those exceeding 50 years in length are 

few. Information regarding many floods is published currently in the 

water-supply papers of the Geological Survey. Water-Supply Paper 771, 

"Floods in the United States - magnitude and frequency", contains an extensive compilation, largely from the water-supply papers, of records of 

floods on many of the rivers of the country for which, in general, the 

periods of systematic observation exceed 25 or 30 years.

Information regarding some notable floods of the past, principally 

floods that occurred prior to the comparatively short period of systematic observations, is presented below for the group of river basins cov-
RECORDS OP PREVIOUS FLOODS 325

erecl in this volume. This information has been assembled as an incident 

to the preparation of the report on the floods of March 1936 and consists 

primarily of a summary, in either textual or tabular form, of notes and 

other data concerning outstanding floods for which there are authentic 

or reasonably trustworthy records. Variations in the nature and origin 

of the information obtained from different sources have necessitated the 

variation in the form of presentation for different basins.

The resport of the Corps of Engineers, United States Army, on the 

development and utilization of many of the rivers of the country, published under the provisions of House Document 308, 69th Congress, 1st 

session, are sources of information regarding historical floods. Official State reports of agencies and departments that are concerned with 

the use of water often contain data and information about past floods. 

Specific references are given in the following text as to the source of 

information regarding early floods.

Information of past floods in detail adequate for significant comparison diminishes very greatly as the floods antedate the periods of 

systematic observation, which as stated above began generally within the 

last 50 years. It is natural, however, that records pertaining to the 

more outstanding early floods should be preserved through the years and 

compared with those of later floods.

Although available flood records are invaluable, it is to be emphasized that the experience disclosed even by 100-year or 200-year records may have serious limitations in establishing a reliable long-time 

experience with relation to the magnitude and frequency of rare floods. 

A broad knowledge of practical hydrology and meteorology is essential to 

the most effective interpretation of the records in respect to the occurrence of rare floods.

The records of previous floods are generally compiled only for the 

major rivers, and therefore little definite information regarding the 

floods on the smaller tributaries and the small coastal streams is ordinarily available. The times of occurrence of the floods on such smaller 

streams, however, undoubtedly correspond more or less closely to the 

times of occurrence of the floods on the neighboring larger streams.

Potomac River Basin

Systematic records of river stages in the Potomac River Basin began 

in 1882 at the Washington Aqueduct dam at Great Falls, Md., and at the
Table 17.- Oomparative maximum stages, in feet, of known major floods In t

Stream and location

Pg_tomap River Bqsln

North Branch of Fotomao Riven 

Hampshire, W. Ta., month of Piney Swamp Run 

Bloomington, III., IT. S. Geological Surrey gage 

Luke, Md., West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co. dam 

Piedmont, W. Ta. 

Westernport, III., Chird St. and Maryland Ave. 

Keyser, W. Ta., 100 feet above highway bridge 

Dawson, III., Western Maryland By. bridge 

Riverside, W. Ta., Western Maryland By. bridge 

Cumberland, IU., Johnson St. bridge, IT. S. \Veather Bureau 

gage 

Cumberland, Md., Chesapeake & Ohio Canal dam 

Cumberland, Mi. , Wiley" Ford Bridge, U. S. Geological Surrey 

gaga 

Berth Branch, Md. , look above bridge

Potonae Rivert 

French station, W. Ta. 

Paw Paw, W. Ta., highway bridge 

Magnolia, W. Ta. , Baltimore & Ohio R. R. bridge 

Magnolia, W. Ta. , Western Maryland By. bridge, 0.25 mile 

below 

Little Orleans, lid. 

Great Cacapon, W. Ta. , Dam No. 6 (n) 

Banoook, W. Ta., 0.7 mile above bridge 

Hancock, III., IT. S. Geological Survey and IT. S. Weather 

Bureau gage 

Great Tonoloway Creek, mouth of 

MoOoy's Ferry, lid. 

Dam No. 5 

Williamaport, Md. , Potomao Edison Co. dam 

Belli tiger Tidewater 

Dam Ho. 4, upstream 

Dam No. 4, downstream 

Hercersvllle, Md. , look No. 40 

Shepherds town, W. Ta. , highway bridge, IT. S. Geological 

Survey gage 

Antietam Creek, mouth of 

Harpers Ferry, W. Ta. , IT. 3. Weather Bureau gage 

Weverton, Md., opposite Baltimore & Ohio R. B. station

Altitude, in 

feet above 

mean sea level

Zero 

of 

gage

951.98 

1944.0 

f 901.0

J609.7 

585.82

383.46

281.00 

245.53

Normal 

water 

surface

a987.5

a788.6 

a731.3 

a634.8

a609.9 

aS52.8

asie.i

&490.9 

a468.1 

a467.5

a432.5

aZ87.0

a384.4 

a357.0 

a356.4 

a331.0

a319.1 

a302.6 

a290.3

a276.1 

a229.6

Apr. 

1852

-

-

-

-

b33.7 

b33.1

-

-

-

Nov. 

1870

-

^

-

-

-

-

-

o26.2

Sept. 

Oct. 

1877

-

-

b42.2 

b31.7

-

b34.7 

b33.6

-

-

£29. 2

May

«Tun9 

1889

-

k!3.3

b!2.9

029.2

b41.4 

M6.8 

b36.6

b35.6

K59.7

MO. 2 

b27.5 

MO. 4

039.2

S36.0 

b30.3

Oct. 

1896

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

F

M

19

bl

K2
RECORDS OP PREVIOUS FLOODS 327

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328 FLOODS OF MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

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Biver-Oontinued: Poto-nac South Branc of Va., Station, bridgeGlebe Sector, '.V. 

Va. Itillesons Mill, W. 

Geological Va.,S, Springfield, W. 0.Survey near gage 

in

2

3

rH 

tCt-

'

in

wrH

1

1

1

1

1

1

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in

Biver: Potomac Frk Branch ofSouth 

W. Va» DS. Geologioal SurveyMoorefield, near gage 

O W O3 rH «# O W 

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! Ill 1 1 1

1 III 1 1 1

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1 1 g 1 1 1 1

5 rH & 

1 C- 1 <0 ft 1 rH

Creek: Town 

Survey S. Geological Md.,U. Oldtown, near gage 

Biver Cacapon i 

Survey. Geological W. n.Capon Bridge, Va.,gage 

W. Va.Largent, 

Va., Cacpon, S. Geological W. UFord, Bock Greatnear 

Survey gage

Creek: Licking 

Survey U. Geologioal S.ylvan, Pa.,near gage 

Creek: Back 

W. SGeological Survey Hedgesville, Va. n.ner gage , 

Creek: Conococheague 

(present Survey site Md., U. SGeological Fairvlew, gage 

datum)nd 

o e-

°2 i i i i i i i

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rH 1 » 1 | | 1 | | 1

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 3

Creek: Antletam 

(v) Geologioal Md.,Survey Sharps U. Sburg, near gage 

Biver: north

Va., Geologioal Survey, BurKetown, U. gage

Shenandoah Biver:Fbrk South of

Survey Va.,U Geological Lynnwood, S. gage 

Yancey, Va. 

Power Co.Va., Shenandoah, Massanutten dam 

Dam, Grove Hill Va.

Va., Page Power Co.Newport, dam 

Va., Folz Mill Newport dam ,

Kauffman's MillVa., Massanutten, mile below, 1 

Va. Bridge Bentonville, Indian Hollow, 
Front Royal, Va., highway bridge, U. 3. Geological

Surrey gage 

Hiverton, Va., highway bridge

Shenandoah Elver:

Hiverton, Va., U. S. Weather Bureau gage

Chapmans Farm, Va.

Oastlemans Ferry, Va.

Millville, W. Va., U. S. Geological Survey gage (aa)

Middle Elver:

Grottoes, Va., U. 3. Geological Survey gage

South Hiver:

Waynesboro, Va., U. S. Geological Survey gage 

Harristou, Va., U. S. Geological Survey gage

North Fork of Shenandoah Hiver:

Oootes Store, Va., highway bridge, U. S. Geological

Survey gage

Mt. Jaokson, Va., mill 

Chapman's Bridge, Va.

Woodstock, Va., ij mile south of concrete bridge 

Woodstook, Va., dam (ao) 

Toms Brook, Va. (ad)

Strasburg, Va., 6 miles above, Barney's farm 

Strasburg, Va., U. 3. Geological Survey gage

Passage Oreek:

Buokton, Va., 17. S. Geological Survey gage

Monocaoy Hiver:

Oeresville, near Frederick, Md., U. S. Geological Surve;

gage

Frederick, Ud., U. S. Geological Survey gage at Jug 

Bridge, near

Owens Creek:

Lantz, lid., U. S. Geological Survey gage near

W469.38

y455.7 

293.00

yl,051.8

y242.45 

231.92

955 ±

b Above normal water surface, from records of Corps of Engineers, U. S.

o Above zero of gage.

k Above zero of gage, from records of U. S. Weather Bureau.

o Above zero of gage, from records of Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army.

p Above normal water surface.

t As determined by Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, for June 19-23, 1929,

u Estimated.

v Maximum fcnoum stage, 11.9 feet, July 1928.

w General adjustment of 1929.

x As determined by Corps of Engineers, U. 3. Army, for May 16-20, 1929.

Z459.9

Z362.5

2670.0 

2567.4

Army.

-

-

-

-

"*

-

b44.8 

1C47.0

b38.5 

ab

b21.2

~

-

b37.8 

041.0

~

b22.0

-

b32.7 

3C36.0

b32.0

b22.7

6.5±

b30.7 

033.3

022.1

blO.5 

b22.4

~

05.0

y From records of C

z Basad on statemen

water surface, 

aa A flood prior to 

of the gage.

ab 1870 flood sli^it

ao Stage reached dur

records of Corps 

ad Stage reached dur

records of Corps 
Table 17.- Comparative maximum stages, in feet, of known major floods in the P

Linganore Creek:

Goose Creek:

Leesburg, Va. , U. S. Geological Survey gage near

Seneca Creek:

Dawsonville, Md., U. 3. Seological Survey gage

Rock Creek:

Sherrill Drive, Washington, D. C. t U. S. Geological

Altitude, in

feet above

mean sea level

Zero

of

gage

-

214.15

Normal

water

surface

-

-

Apr.

1852

-

-

Nov.

1870

-

-

Sept.

Oct.

1877

-

-

May

June

1389

29±

-

Oct.

1896

-

-

M

c Above zero of gage.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER

A. BRIDGES OVER THE POTOMAC RIVER DURING THE FLOOD OF MAY 1924. 

Of the bridge on the right the two spans nearest the tunnel were destroyed.

B. THE FLOOD OF MARCH 1936.

Picture taken at 1 p. m., March 18. Both highway bridges were carried away as the river rose. Courtesy 

of 29th Division Aviation, Maryland National Guard.

TWO GREAT FLOODS AT HARPERS FERRY, W. VA., AT THE JUNCTION 

OF THE POTOMAC AND SHENANDOAH RIVERS.
GEOLOGICAL SUKVEY WATEK-SUPPLY PAPEK 800 PLATE 16

A. THE BRIDGE BEING BATTERED BY THE FLOOD OF JUNE 1889.

B. SCENE ON THE MORNING AFTER THE CREST OF THE FLOOD OF MARCH

1936 HAD PASSED.

CHAIN BRIDGE, ON THE POTOMAC RIVER ABOVE WASHINGTON, D. C. 

WITHSTANDING TWO GREAT FLOODS.
RECORDS OP PREVIOUS FLOODS 331

United States Weather Bureau gage at Harpers Perry, W. Va. Records of 

river discharge began in 1895 with the establishment of the United States 

Geological Survey river-measurement station at Point of Rocks, Md. Records at the majority of the present gaging stations, however, date from 

1925 and more recent years.

Records of floods at regular stations prior to 1925 are supplemented 

by marks of notable floods recorded by local residents, the altitude of 

which were obtained by the Corps of Engineers, United States Army. Definite flood marks of this kind extend our knowledge of floods of the Potomac River back to the outstanding flood of 1852.

In order that all available data concerning historic floods and 

their relative magnitude compared with the floods of 1936 may be readily studied, table 17, entitled "Comparative maximum stages, in feet, of 

known major floods in the Potomac River Basin", has been prepared. In 

this table are listed the known great floods at places where the altitude of the flood of March 1936 and the altitude of one or more floods 

prior to 1925 are known. The data in this table include not only the 

records at gaging stations maintained by the United States Geological 

Survey and the United States Weather Bureau, but records at miscellaneous points which have been collected by the Corps of Engineers, United 

States Army. The points at which these comparative marks are known are 

tabulated in the usual downstream order. Where the location is at a 

gage, the altitude of the zero of the gage is given in feet above mean 

sea level, followed by the tabulation of known gage heights of the several floods. At other points the altitude of normal water is given in 

feet above mean sea level, followed by the height in feet of the several floods above normal water. This altitude of normal water as given 

was determined by the Corps of Engineers, and corresponds with the watersurface altitude of July 27-51, 1929, on the North Branch of the Potomac 

River and on the main Potomac River, with that of June 19-23, 1929, on 

the South Branch of the Potomac River, and with that of May 16-20, 1929, 

on the Shenandoah River. For most of the floods the altitude of the 

flood marks above mean sea level was derived by the Corps of Engineers, 

but in order to facilitate the comparison of the floods, the altitude 

figures have been converted to height above normal water by deducting 

from the altitude of the flood mark the altitude of normal water. The 

figures so derived are reasonably comparable with the gage heights as 

given at regular gaging stations. The floods listed in this tabulation
332 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Include those of April 1852, November 1870, September-October 1877, MayJune 1889, October 1896, February-March. 1902, March 1924, and May 1924. 

These are notable floods prior to the time that the present network of 

gaging stations was established. There have also been included the 

floods of May 1928 and April 1929, during which field parties of the 

Corps of Engineers observed and recorded the flood marks at many points 

in the basin, so that for these floods, even though neither was of unusual magnitude, there is a great deal of information available. The 

floods of February 1932, May 1932, August 1933, and December 1934, have 

been included for comparative purposes, because during the period of record they were notable at some point in the basin, although for the basin 

as a whole none were unusual. At gaging stations the discharges as well 

as the gage heights are known for these later floods and may be found in 

the water-supply papers published by the United States Geological Survey. The gage heights, or heights above normal water for the flood of 

March 1936, are also given in this table.

At places other than gage sites, the relative heights may not be 

truly comparable, because of the possibility that the flood marks for 

the several floods were not at exactly the same points. Moreover, all 

the marks of earlier floods should be used with appropriate caution. 

The sources of the data that were not obtained from United States Geological Survey records, are indicated In the footnotes.

A brief discussion of some of the earlier floods is given below 

to supplement the data given in table 17.

Floods from 1748 to 1840.- The first mention of a flood in the Potomac River Basin is found in the early history of Harpers Ferry, W. Va., 

when Robert Harper was driven from his cabin in 1748. The site of this 

cabin was about 10 feet under water in the flood of March 1936, so that 

the flood of 1748 was presumably not as great as those of 1889 and 1936, 

though it may have been as high as. that of 1924. Another early flood at 

Harpers Ferry, not as great as that of 1748, occurred in 1753 and was 

called the "Pumpkin flood" because of the great numbers of pumpkins 

floating off from the gardens of the Indians. Another flood was reported 

at Harpers Ferry in 1832, the relative height of which is not known.

At Cumberland, Md., a "great freshet" occurred in 1810 which was also 

mentioned in old accounts as occurring at other points on the North 

Branch of the Potomac River, At that time Wills Creek was said to have 

risen to unprecedented heights. A "notable flood" was reported on
RECORDS OP PREVIOUS FLOODS 333

Georges Creek in that year and likewise others in 1823 and 1861. Another 

"disastrous freshet" occurred at Cumberland in 1840.

Floods of 1852, 1855, and I860.- The flood of April 1852 is reported 

to have been the greatest at Harpers Perry since the settlement by the 

white people. Prom marks of this flood preserved at McCoys Perry, Md., 

at Williamsport, Md., and at the mouth of Seneca Creek it may be classified as the fourth in magnitude of known floods on the main Potomac River, being exceeded at all three points by the floods of 1877, 1889, and 

1936. At Cumberland, Md., a considerable portion of the town was overflowed during this flood. The flood of 1852 is said to have been caused 

by several days of heavy rain and warm weather with rapid melting of deep 

snow.

On August 16, 1853, a considerable flood occurred at Cumberland, 

Md., covering Bedford, Centre, Liberty, Mechanic, Frederick, and Baltimore Streets with water, all of which were 4 to 7 feet under water in 

March 1936. The flood of 1853 was followed by a severe cholera epidemic.

On April B, 1860, there was another flood at Cumberland, Md., the 

magnitude of which is unknown.

Floods of 1870 and 1877.- The earliest great flood in the Shenandoah River Basin about which there is authentic information was the flood 

of October 1, 1870. This flood was extraordinary in the Shenandoah River, particularly in the South Fork above Riverton, Va., but was apparently not severe enough over the rest of the Potomac River Basin to cause 

any records of it to be preserved. At Harpers Perry this flood was particularly destructive, destroying 70 houses and taking 42 lives. The 

flood is said to have been caused by 4 days of heavy rain, during which 

a "water-spout" burst in the Blue Ridge above Front Royal, Va.

The flood of November 1877 was general over the entire Potomac River Basin and was particularly severe in the headwaters of the South 

Branch of the Potomac River, where it exceeded the flood of 1936 and all 

other known floods. Except on the Shenandoah River and the South Pork 

of the Shenandoah, where it was exceeded by the flood of 1870, the flood 

of 1877 was the greatest known up to that time throughout the basin. On 

the main Potomac River it was exceeded only in 1889 and 1936 above Harpera Perry and in 1889, 1924, and 1936 below Harpers Perry. On the Berth 

Branch of the Potomac River at Piedmont, W. Va., it was exceeded in 1889 

and March 1924 and possibly also in 1810. At-Cumberland, Md., it was 

probably exceeded in 1889, March 1924, and 1936. Ho flood marks of the
334 FLOODS OE MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

flood of 1877 are known to exist on the North Branch of the Potomac River, its relative magnitude being determined by statements that the flood 

of 1889, of which marks are preserved, exceeded the flood of 1877. On 

the South Branch of the Potomac River, the flood of 1877 has not been exceeded by any known flood at the site of the river-measurement station 

at Petersburg, W. Va., being 0.9 foot above the flood of 1936 at that 

point. The flood of 18VV has been exceeded only in 1936, by 0.3 foot, 

at Millesons Mill, near the gage at Springfield, W. Va. Residents at 

Springfield state that the flood of 1877 caused great loss of crops that 

had been stacked in the fields, thus supporting statements that it exceeded any other known flood. On the Shenandoah River at Riverton, Va., 

the flood of 1877 was exceeded only by the flood of 1870 and was about 

3 feet higher than the flood of 1936. On the North Pork of the Shenandoah River at Toms Brook, Va., the flood of 18V7 was slightly greater 

than that of 1870 but was exceeded in 1889, 1896, and May 1924, and by 6 

feet in March 1936.

Floods of 1889 and later.- The flood of May and June 1889 was general over the entire basin and exceeded all previous floods on the main 

Potomac River and all its tributaries except the Shenandoah River and 

the South Branch of the Potomac River. On the main Potomac River it has 

been exceeded only by the flood of 1936 at all points, except possibly 

from the mouth of the Monocacy River to Washington, D. C., where marks 

of the flood of 1889 were found at altitudes both above and below those 

of the 1936 flood. On the tributaries below Harpers Perry, W. Va., it 

has not been exceeded by any known flood.

After the flood of 1889 no other flood of major proportions over 

the entire basin occurred until 1924. However, notable floods occurred 

in the tributaries several times during this period.

In 1896 a flood occurred on the Shenandoah River at Riverton, Va., 

which was the sixth in magnitude, being exceeded in 18*70, 1877, 1889, May 

1924, and 1936. It was not, however, great enough in the rest of the 

Potomac River Basin to cause any record of it to be preserved. At the 

gaging station at Point of Rocks, Md., the flood height in 1896 was only 

22.3 feet, as compared with 40.2 feet in 1889 and 41.0 feet in 1936.

In 1902 a general flood occurred, but it did not reach very great 

proportions at any point in the basin. At Cumberland, Md., it was exceeded in 1889, 1924, and 1936, and possibly also by earlier floods. At 

Harpers Perry, Va., and Point of Rocks, Md., it was exceeded in 1877,
RECORDS OP PREVIOUS FLOODS 335

1889, 1924, and 1936, and probably also in 1852 and 1870. On the Shenandoah River at Riverton, Va., the flood of 1902 ranks seventh in magnitude, having been exceeded by 10 feet in 1936 and by about 20 feet in 

1870.

The flood of March 1924 was of extraordinary severity on the North 

Branch of the Potomac River above Cumberland but apparently did not reach 

unusual proportions anywhere else in the Potomac River Basin.

The flood of May 1924 was general over the entire basin but did not 

approach the maximum of record either on the main stream or on the tributaries, though it appears to have been the fifth in magnitude over the 

main Potomac River, being exceeded only in 1852, 1877, 1889, and 1936.

Between May 1924 and March 1936 there were no large floods that affected the entire basin. However, there were several notable local 

floods on the tributaries. In February 1932 the South Branch of the 

Potomac River experienced -a flood which so far as is known has been exceeded only four times - in 1877, 1889, May 1924, and 1936.

In August 1933 floods occurred on the lower tributaries of the Potomac River, following a tropical hurricane that caused great damage 

along the coast. During this flood many of the lower tributaries reached 

stages which were exceeded only in 1889 and which were not approached 

during the flood of March 1936.

In December 1934 a local flood occurred over part of the basin in 

the vicinity of the Blue Ridge, during which several maxima were established on small tributaries. On Owens Creek near Lantz, Md., a very 

small stream, the maximum stage in this flood was 8.4 feet, almost 2 

feet in exce'ss of the maxima of 1889 and August 1933.

James River Basin*

The history of floods on the James River is a part of the early 

history of Virginia and of the Coloniea and as such has been preserved 

in the writings, private diaries, and letters of the prominent men of 

the region. Descriptions of the very early floods are meager, and classification of the magnitude of these floods is more or leas based on the 

writers' descriptive ability. Later floods about which there is an 

abundance of data, including newspaper descriptions and historical writ-

* The information presented in this section, especially on early 

floods, was in a large measure abstracted from the section on "Great 

floods in the James River", Appendix II of the "Report on James River", 

Corps of Engineers, Norfolk District, U. S. Army, authorized under House 

Document 308, 69th Congress, 1st session.
336 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Ings, are more subject to comparison, as moat of them could be related 

to some definite common datum. The availability of separate sources of 

Information concerning the same flood also provided an opportunity to 

cross-check on both the magnitude and the date. Floods since the beginning of the last century have been accurately cataloged by the many 

Government gages In continuous operation. Prominent among the many 

sources of data consulted are the private diaries of General Washington, 

Col. William Boiling, and the Gabell family; the private letters of Col. 

William Bird I, and Lord North; the historical writings of Philip Alexander Bruce, Charles Campbell, and Samuel Mordecai; the records of the 

James River & Kanawha Co.; and the multitude of accounts from the various newspapers In Norfolk, Richmond., and Lynchburg.

The data herein presented are considered fairly complete as regards 

floods of great magnitude but are necessarily incomplete so far as the 

smaller floods are concerned, because these smaller floods, Involving 

little damage, failed to attract attention. Generally the dates of 

floods described In this narrative indicate the times at which the floods 

arrived in the lower reaches between Columbia and Richmond.

The earliest flood of sufficient magnitude to cauffe historic mention 

Is the great flood of August 27, 1667. Although no definite statement 

could be found as to the height attained by this flood, descriptions and 

references have led to the conclusion that it approached the flood of 

1771.

Brief references were found to floods evidently of considerable importance in April 1685, October 12, 1749, and September 8, 1769. One or 

more of these floods may have been of major proportion, although no spetiiflc reference could be found as to the height attained, but the paucity of references leads to the conclusion that none of them approached 

record-breaking height.

From the evidence obtained from numerous accounts, the flood of May 

27, 1771, was adjudged the highest since the settlement of Jamestown In 

1607 and probably can be placed In the category of very rare floods. 

Although the available data cannot be classified with accuracy, It Is 

possible that this flood was the highest In the history of Virginia up to 

the present time. Although practically no rain fell in the vicinity of 

Richmond, the flood attained an excessive height in that city, and one 

account states that 150 people were drowned, between 5,000 and 6,000 

hogsheads of tobacco were swept away, and the city itself, which was
RECORDS OP PREVIOUS FLOODS 337

built almost entirely along the banks of the James River and Shockoe 

Creek, was virtually destroyed.

According to various accounts a very destructive flood occurred on 

September 27, 1795, and was described as the highest water since 1771, 

although not within some feet of that flood. A flood that was evidently 

somewhat smaller occurred on June 4, 1786. The notable feature of the 

flood of 1795 was the relatively more extreme stage reached at Lynchburg 

than at Richmond.

So far as has been ascertained no flood of exceptional magnitude 

occurred between 1795 and 1842, although several approaching major 

heights have been noted. Despite somewhat conflicting statements as to 

the heights of various floods during this period, the general opinion 

appeared to be that the floods of July 30, 1814, January 22, 1823, and 

June 8, 1836, were the greatest, and all attained very nearly the same 

height.

An unusual flood on July 16, 1842, Is described in numerous accounts 

and Is unanimously considered the most destructive since 1795. One estimate placed the damage along the James River at $1,000,000. Unusual 

features of this flood were the suddenness of Its appearance In the lower reaches, a rise of 8 feet In 10 minutes being recorded In Richmond; 

the concentration of precipitation In the mountainous region above Lynchburg, resulting in floods exceeding all previous heights in those sections; and conversely the almost total absence of rainfall in the area 

below Lynchburg, resulting In normal tributary streams In the lower basin 

and reduced flood heights in the lower reaches of the James River.

On November 26, 1847, another great flood occurred which was called 

the highest since 1795, although it evidently did not approach the magnitude of the flood of 1842 In the headwaters. The force of this flood 

had Its greatest effect between Columbia and Richmond, where It was augmented by a rise of extraordinary height on the Rivanna River.

Floods of large magnitude occurred on May 7, 1857, April 11, 1861, 

and June 6, 1862, but evidently were not of sufficient height to attract 

any great notice and were generally designated as approaching the flood 

of 1847.

One of the two greatest floods of the 19th century occurred on October 1, 1870. Unusual features were the total absence of rain at Richmond and the fact that all the damage occurred below the mouth of North 

River, indicating an unusual flood on that stream. At Richmond 18 lives 

were lost and property damage was estimated at many millions of dollars.
338 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

The flood of November 25, 1877, was about equal to the flood of 

187O, although, whereas the flood of 1870 was a foot or so higher from 

Lynchburg to Columbia, conversely, the flood of 1877 was almost 2 feet 

higher at Richmond. These two floods of 1870 and 1877 may be classed 

with the flood of 1771, although through the basin as a whole, they were 

probably not as great as that flood. An outstanding feature of the flood 

of 1877 was the exceptional stages reached in the headwaters above the 

mouth of North River. At the present stream-gaging station at Lick Run 

it was several feet higher than any subsequent flood, and at Buchanan 

it probably exceeded any stage reached in the last century. The evidence 

indicates that the tributary streams above Buchanan must have been flooded to record-breaking heights.

Between 1877 and 1913 there were four floods of considerable magnitude, although no one of them approached those of 1870 or 1877 by several feet. These four floods, occurring on April 2, 1886, June 2, 1889, 

March 7, 1899, and December 31, 1901, were of a somewhat similar nature, 

all being fairly well distributed over the basin and reaching heights 

probably differing by no more than 3 feet from one another at any one 

place on the main stream. No one of these floods can be called especially outstanding.

The flood of March 30, 1913, was unusual because of the extreme 

stages reached at and above Lynchburg, where it approached the flood of 

1877 in many places, and because of the comparatively moderate heights 

in the lower reaches.

Notable floods occurred on May 13, 1924, September 30, 1924, and 

August 13 and 18, 1928. These were all moderate floods in the upper 

reaches of the James River, although the flood of May 1924 was several 

feet higher than the rest in those sections. In the lower reaches they 

reached maximum stages within a foot of one another, but no one came 

within several feet of the flood of 1877.

From 1934 to 1936 a series of floods occurred on the James River 

which culminated with the great flood of March 17-19, 1936.

The first of these floods was that of December 1, 1934, which was 

recorded in the upper James as two distinct flood crests almost 2 days 

apart. In the lower reaches these two crests had merged to form one 

crest, which reached Richmond on December 2. This flood was moderate in 

the headwaters, being about equal to or less than those of 1924 and 1928,
RECORDS OP PREVIOUS FLOODS 339

but in the lower reaches it had increased to such a point that it exceeded these floods from 6 inches to 3 feet.

Less than 2 months later, on January 23-25, 1935, another flood occurred which was 5 or 6 feet higher than the previous flood in the upper 

reaches but decreased as it moved downstream and was almost 1 foot lower 

than the flood of December 1934 at Cartersville, above Richmond. This 

flood generally produced higher peak stages on the tributaries in the 

upper part of the James River Baain than any flood in the previous decade. At Buchanan, on the main James, it was 7 feet below the record peak 

of 31 feet in 1913.

The flood of September 5-7, 1935, was unusual. It originated in 

the upper James as a flood of minor proportions, with a crest more than 

10 feet lower than the flood of January 1935 at Buchanan, but as it 

moved downstream it increased tremendously, and at Cartersville, where 

a gaging station has been in operation continuously since 1899, it overtopped the January flood by almost 4 feet and established a new floodpeak record at that station of 27.80 feet, exceeding the previous recorded maximum of December 30, 1901, by over 1 foot. A notable feature 

of this flood was the high stages attained by the tributaries in the 

lower reaches below Scottsville. On the Slate River this flood was considered by observers to be the highest in 40 years of observation. The 

Hardware River was several feet above the previous maximum recorded in 

the 10 years of record prior to that date.

The great flood of March 17-19, 1936, attained heights at many 

points that exceeded all recorded maxima. Comparison of stages attained 

by this flood with previous flood peaks at gaging stations are as follows: James River at Lick Run, l£ feet below the 1913 peak and 3^ feet 

below the 1877 peak; James River at Buchanan, 4 feet below the 1913 recorded peak and 3 feet higher than the 1924 peak; James River at Hoicombs Rock, half a foot below the 1913 peak; James River at Scottsville, 

2^ feet above the peak of September 1935 and half a foot above the 1913 

peak; James River at Cartersville, 1 foot above the peak of September 

1935 and 2 feet above the 1901 peak; North River near Lexington, 10 feet 

higher than the previously recorded maximum in 10 years of record prior 

to that date and in the town of Buena Vista, it was considered the 

worst flood since that of 1870} Cowpasture River near Clifton Forge, 

2 feet below the record-breaking height for the 1913 floodj Slate River 

near Arvonia, 4 feet below the peak of September 1935; Hardware River
340 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

near Scottsville, 3 feet below the peak of September 1935; RIvanna River 

at Palmyra, 3 feet above the peak of September 1935.

The flood of 1936 was general In extent, and the high stages on the 

main James River were the result of an accumulation of fairly high, although generally not record-breaking floods on all the tributaries. In 

the lower James River this flood was probably the greatest since 1877; 

in the upper section of the river it was exceeded by the flood of 1870 

and 1913 and possibly by that of 1877.

The floods of 1667, 1771, 1870, 1877, and 1936 are considered to 

be the greatest that have occurred in the James River Basin; they were 

all widespread and caused outstanding flood peaks in the entire basin. 

However, the data on the flood of 1667 are so Indefinite that this flood 

might be excluded from the group. The floods recorded prior to 1870 

not included above are difficult to classify, especially those of 1685, 

1749, and 1769. However, it is not considered probable that any of 

these floods were of very extreme magnitude. The floods of March 1913 

and September 1935 were outstanding In the upper reaches and the lower 

reaches of the James River respectively and as such could possibly be 

said to approach extraordinary magnitude with regard to those sections. 

The flood of January 1935 was of considerable magnitude in the upper 

reaches but was definitely not of the class of the five floods first 

mentioned. The floods of 1886, 1889, 1899, and 1901 were unquestionably of a lower order of magnitude, generally 4 to 6 feet below the 

first-order floods, and those of 1924, 1928, and 1934 were still somewhat lower in the scale of magnitude.

Ohio River Basin

Allegheny River Basin.- Historic writings first mention floods on 

the Allegheny River by referring to the one of April 10, 1806. Unfortunately there are no recent gage-height records for localities where 

the early observations were made, as the most authentic flood heights 

of years ago were referred to gagea which have been discontinued or for 

which the records are not comparable under present conditions. So far 

as is known, the five outstanding floods on the Allegheny River that 

were not the results of backwater from ice gorges and have not been exceeded as regards quantity of flow were those of April 1806^ March 1865, 

February 1883, March 1905, and March 1913. The flood of 1865 gave the 

highest free-flow stage at Franklin, Pa., and that of 1913 broke all rec-
RECORDS OP PREVIOUS FLOODS 341

ords at Klt-fcarming, Pa. Table 18 gives altitudes of known major floods 

at seven places on the Allegheny River from Larabee, Pa., to Freeport, 

Pa., the longest record covering the period 1806 to 1936.

Table 18.- Altitude, in feet, of recorded floods at indicated places on 

the Allegheny River from Larabee, Pa., to Preeport, Pa.

Date

1806, April

1832, February

1865, March.

1873, December

1881, June

1883, February

1884, February

1886, February

1891, February

1902, March

1905, March

1913, January

1913, March

1920, March

1925, February

1926, February

1927, November

1927, December

1929, January

1934, March

1935, February

1936, Mar. 12

1936, Mar. 17-18

1936, Mar. 28

Larabee

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

*1,438.4

1,438.8

-

1,441.0

-

-

-

-

1,437.0

1,438.8

1,436.1

Red 

House 

(N.Y.)

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

1,332.5

1,331.8

-

-

_

1,332.4

1,330.7

*1,333.6

-

-

-

1,331.6

Warren

_

-

1,188.4

1,186.7

-

-

-

1,178.4

1,183.0

1,184.5

1,184.5

1,182.1

1,186.2

1,184.8

1,184.0

-

_

1,186.0

1,182.3

-

-

-

-

-

Franklin

_

-

981.3

-

_

-

-

-

-

_

_

-

980.8

976.9

971.1

*982.3

971.8

975.5

973.3

-

-

971.7

968.1

975.3

Parker a 

Landing

_

-

874.1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

871.8

-

-

-

_

_

-

*873.0

865.7

862.3

863.1

864.4

Kittanntng

794.4

793.4

794.0

791.4

792.4

793.4

792.4

791.0

791.0

789.6

793.4

789.8

794.8

790.8

784.5

-

_

786.4

-

-

-

-

793.6

-

Freeport

-

-

767.0

-

764.4

765.5

765.0

755.7

767.7

765.0

767.0

763.4

767.2

762.3

758.0

-

_

-

-

-

-

_

776.0

-

* Affected by Ice.

The records of floods on the Kiskimlnetaa River begin in March 

1824, but there Is very little information for the period before 1884, 

when observations of river stage were started at Saltsburg, Pa., by the 

United States Signal Service. The flood of March 18, 1936, which reached 

a stage of 47.2 feet at Avonmore, Pa., exceeded by 13»4 feet the 

highest previously known height of 33.8 feet, which occurred In March 

1907. This extreme difference between a maximum stage and a previous 

maximum is unprecedented in the records for any other stream in Pennsylvania. At the time of the first destructive flood at Johnstown, Pa., 

In June 1889, generally known as the "Johnstown flood", the stage at 

Avonmore, Pa., was only 29.8 feet. Table 19 gives altitudes of known 

floods on Stony Creek and on the Conemaugh and Kisklminetas Rivers at 

six places from Johnstown to Vandergrlft, Pa., the longest record covering the period 1884 to 1936.
342 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936--POTOMAC, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Table 19.- Altitude, In feet, of recorded floods at Indicated places on 

Stony Creek and on the Conemaugh and Klskiminetas Rivers from Johnstown, Pa., to Vandergrift, Pa.

Date

1884, February

1888, August

1889 , June

1891, February

1902, March

1906, June

1907, March

1908, February

1908, March

1910, February

1912, March

1912, September

1913, January

1917, January

1917, March

1918, February

1921, November

1924, March

1924, May

1927, October

1928, May

1930, February

1933, March

1936, Mar. 18

Stony 

Creek 

at 

Johnstown*

_

-

1,882.3

_

_

1,164.8

1,165.8

1,161.2

1,164.5

-

_

-

-

-

1,168.0

-

1,167.7

1,170.9

1,168.2

1,167.2

1,167.2

-

_

1,184.3

Conemaugh River

Seward

_

-

_

_

_

_

_

-

_

-

_

-

-

-

_

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

1,098.8

Blairsvllle

_

-

_

-

_

_

-

-

_

-

_

_

-

-

_

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

948.3

Kiskiminetas River

Saltsburg

_

-

_

_

_

836.4

847.4

837.4

844.4

-

842.4

838.4

838.6

838.6

835.2

-

841.1

_

837.4

_

_

_

_

859.9

Avonmore

829.7

837.4

835.4

836.0

832.0

824.7

839.4

828.1

836.4

829.3

833.6

827.9

827.8

829.6

824.3

827.6

830.3

829.6

827.5

830.7

825.9

828.9

828.6

852.8

Vandergrift

_

-

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

_

791.6

790.7

_

792.1

_

789.6

_

808.2

* Altitudes for 1906 to 1908 are for the Franklin Street gage 

(zero, 1,147.8 feet above mean sea level); altitudes for other years are 

for the Poplar Street gage (zero, 1,154.0 feet above mean sea level), 

about 3,500 feet upstream.

Monongahela River Basin.- The earliest flood mentioned on the Monongahela River was that of May 18, 1807, but little Information is available concerning the ten known floods prior to May 4, 1873. There Is not 

adequate basis for a belief that any of them exceeded or even reached the 

43.5 feet recorded In the flood of July 11, 1888, at Old Lock No. 4. The 

second highest known stage at Old Lock No. 4 was 42.5 feet on February 

23, 1897, and the next in magnitude was that of March 18, 1936, when 

40.1 feet was reached. Table 20 gives the altitudes of known floods during the period 1877 to 1936 on the Monongahela River at Old Lock No. 4 

as determined from the United States Weather Bureau record. The zero of 

the gage is 716.17 feet above mean sea level.

Table 20.- Altitude, In feet, of recorded floods on the Monongahela 

River at Old Lock No. 4

Date

1877, January 

1880, February 

1883, February 

1883, February 

1883, December 

1887, Feb. 4

Altitude

754.5 

746.1 

747.1 

750.0 

746.7 

748.7

Date

1887, Feb. 27 

1888, July 

1888, August 

1890, March 

1891 , January 

1892, January

Altitude

746.2 

759.7 

748.7 

749.5 

749.0 

746.2
RECORDS OP PREVIOUS FLOODS 343

Table 20.- Altitude, In feet, of recorded floods on the Monongahela 

River at Old Lock No. 4 Continued

Date

1895, January

1896, July 23

1896, July 25

1897, February

1900, November

1901, December

1902, March

1903, February

1903, March

1905, March

1907 , January

1907, March

1908, February

1911, Jan. 14

1911, Jan. 30

1912, July

1913, Jan. 8

1913, Jan. 12

1913, Nov. 15

1913, Nov. 17

1914, December

Altitude

747.7

747.6

755.7

758.7

751.5

746.2

747.7

746.1

750.2

749.8

754.3

755.1

746.2

746.5

754.4

752.2

748.1

746.0

748.6

754.3

745.9

Date

1915, February

1915, December

1916, February

1917 , January

1918, March

1919, January

1920 , January

1921, December

1922, March

1923, February

1924, March

1925, October

1926, February

1927 , January

1928, May

1929, October

1932, February

1933, March

1934, March

1936, Mar. 18

Altitude

748.2

748.2

746.2

754.8

752.3

754.5

745.8

753.3

746.4

743.6

755.9

744.0

745.0

746.6

747.0

749.9

747.9

748.5

745.3

756.3

Early floods on the Youghiogheny River, which were caused by ice 

gorges, are said to have destroyed the highway bridge at Connellsville, 

Pa., in February 1816 and again In February 1831. In May 1865 the dams 

of the Youghiogheny Slack Water Co. failed. There is no detailed Information relative to the heights which the river may have attained during these floods. Table 21 gives altitudes of known floods at five 

places on the Youghiogheny River from Confluence, Pa., to Sutersville, 

Pa., extending back to 1860 for Connellsville, the longest of the five 

records.

Table 21.- Altitude, in feet, of recorded floods at Indicated places on 

the Youghiogheny River from Confluence, Pa., to Sutersville, Pa.

Date

1860, April

1888, August

1891, February

1896, July

1897, February

1902, February

1904, March

1907, March

1908, February

1912, March

1913, January

1916, March

1917 , January

1918, February

1924, March

1928, May

1933, March

1936, Mar. 12

1936, Mar. 18

Confluence

_

1,325.9

1,321.2

-

-

-

-

1,327.5

1,318.9

1,320.9

1,318.9

1,319.4

1,324.7

1,322.5

1,329.3

1,319.9

1,320.9

_

1,328.6

Ohiopyle

_

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

1,211.9

-

-

1,204.6

1,212.3

Connellsville

876.6

877.9

874.8

875.1

876.8

875.9

873.8

878.5

874.5

877.4

873.6

875.1

*875.3

874.1

879.5

873.8

875.0

868.6

880.4

West 

Newton

_

-

759.3

756.9

762.7

762.7

757.7

768.9

758.2

*769.6

757.4

758.2

760.0

*756.9

766.3

757.7

759.1

749.1

768.7

Sutersville

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

752.1

753.6

751.9

761.4

751.4

754.2

743.7

763.8

* Affected by Ice.

208 O 37 23
344 FLOODS OP MARCH 1936 POTOMAG, JAMES, AND UPPER OHIO RIVERS

Ohio River at Pittsburgh, Pa.- For the Ohio River the history of 

floods begins with the occupancy of Fort Duquesne by the French in 1756. 

Frequent mention of trouble from floods appeared in .letters that emanated from that fort and later from Fort Pitt. The flood record for the 

Ohio River at Pittsburgh, Pa., covers a period of over 174 years. The 

highest recorded stage was 46.0 feet on March 18, 1936, which exceeded 

by 4.9 feet the next highest flood on record, which occurred in March 

1763. Table 22 gives stages of known floods on the Ohio River at Point 

Bridge in Pittsburgh, Pa., covering the period 1762 to January 1937. 

The zero of the gage at Point Bridge is 694.0 feet above mean sea level. 

The zero of this gage was lowered 3.2 feet on March 1, 1926, but all 

stages given in the table prior to that date have been corrected to conform to the present datum.

Table 22.- Stage, in feet, for recorded floods on the Ohio River at 

Point Bridge, Pittsburgh, Pa.

Date

1762, Jan. 9

1763, Mar. 9

1806, Apr. 10

1810, Nov. 9

1813, January

1816, February

1832, Feb. 10

1840, Feb. I

1846, Mar. 15

1847, Feb. 2

1847, Dec. 12

1848, Dec. 22

1851, Sept. 20

1852, Acr. 6

1852, Apr. 19

1858, May 27

1859, Apr. 28

1860, Apr. 12

1860, Nov. 4

1861, Sept. 29

1862, Jan. 21

1862, Apr. 22

Stage

39.2

41.1

37.1

35.2

32.2

36.2

38.2

30.0

28.2

30.1

27.2

26.2

34.1

28.2

35.1

29.2

25.2

32.9

25.2

34.2

33.2

28.6

1865, Mar. 4 i 27.7

1865, Mar. 18 I 34.6

1867, Feb. 15

1867, Mar. 13

1868, Mar. 18

1873, Dec. 14

1874, Jan. 8

1876, Sept. 19

1877, Jan. 17

1878, Dec. 11

1881, Feb. 11

18&1, June 10

1883, Feb. 5

1883, Feb. 8

1884, Feb. 6

1885, Jan. 17

1886, Apr. 7

1887, Feb. 12

1887, Feb. 27

1888, July 11

25.2

26.7

25.2

28.9

25.4

28.2

27.8

27.7

26.4

30.3

28.0

31.2

36.5

26.2

26.0

25.2

25.2

25.2

Date

1888, Aug. 22

1889, June 1

1890, Mar. 23

1890, May 24

1891, Jan. 3

1891, Feb. 18

1892, Jan. 15

1893, Feb. 8

1893, Feb. 11

1894, May 22

1895, Jan. 8

1896, July 26

1897, Feb. 24

1898, Mar. 24

1899, Mar. 6

1900, Nov. 27

1901, Apr. 7

1901, Apr. 21

1901, Dec. 16

1902, Mar. 1

1903, Feb. 5

1903, Mar. 1

1904, Jan. 23

1904, Mar. 4

1904, Mar. 8

1905, Mar. 22

1905, Dec. 4

1907, Jan. 20

1907, Mar. 15

1907, Mar. 20

1908, Feb. 16

1906, Mar. 20

1909, Feb. 25

1909, May 1

1910, Jan. 19

1910, Mar. 1

1911, Jan. 15

1911, Jan. 31

1912, Mar. 22

1913, Jan. 9

1913, Jan. 12

1313, Mar. 28

Stage

29.2

27.2

27.5

25.2

26.4

34.5

26.2

27.2

25.2

26.4

29.0

26.2

32.7

32.1

25.2

30.9

25.3

30.7

29.0

35.6

' 27.2

32.1

33.2

30.1

26.4

32.2

26.7

26.5

38.7

25.6

33.9

30.5

25.5

25.4

26.0

25.2

27.0

28.4

31.3

34.5

29.5

33.6
RECORDS OP PREVIOUS FLOODS 345

Table 22.- Stage, in feet, for recorded floods on the Ohio River at 

Point Bridge, Pittsburgh, Pa. Continued

Date

1913, Nov. 17

1915, Feb. 3

1915, Dec. 19

1917, Jan. 23

1917, Mar. 13

1918, Feb. 21

1918, Mar. 15

1919, Jan. 3

1920, Mar. 13

1921, Nov. 29

1924, Jan. 4

1924, Mar. 30

1924, May 13

1927, Jan. 23

Stage

25.4

31.6

25.8

28.4

26.3

30.3

29.1

26.0

28.3

28.6

30.6

32.4

29.6

29.7

Date

1927, Dec. 14

1929, Feb. 27

1933, Mar. 16

1934, Mar. 6

1935, Mar. 13

1936, Feb. 28

1936, Mar. 13

1936, Mar. 18

1936, Mar. 26

1936, Apr. 7

1937, Jan. 19

1937, Jan. 23

1937, Jan. 26

Stage

30.4

25.3

29.6

25.8

26.3

29.2

25.8

46.0

30.6

25.5

28.1

32.9

34.5

Figure 5V (p. 323) shows the profile of crest stages on the Ohio 

River from Pittsburgh, Pa., to Cairo, 111., for the flood of March 1936 

and the profile established by the crest stages of previous floods.

INDEX

Abstract.................................................... 1

Acknowledgments for aid..................................... 6-7

Administration of the work.................................. 5-6

Alderson, W. Va., Greeribrler River at....................... 211

Allegheny River at Franklin, Pa............................. 160

at Larabee, Pa.......................................... 158

at Parkers Landing, Pa.................................. 161

at Red House, N. Y...................................... 159

Allegheny River Basin, discharge records In.............158-161, 171-179

previous floods In...................................... 340-342

rainfall and run-off in................................. 300-303

Antietam Creek near Sharpsburg, Md.......................... Ill

Appomattox River at Parmville, Va........................... 154

at Mattoax, Va.......................................... 155

near Petersburg, Va..................................... 156

Ashford, W. Va., Coal River at.............................. 213

Ashland, Ky., Ohio River at................................. 168

Ashland, Va., South Anna River near......................... 132

Athens, Ohio, Hocking River at.............................. 209

Authorization of the work................................... 5

Avonmore, Pa., Kiskimlnetas River at........................ 177

BarBackville, W. Va., Buffalo Creek at...................... 189

Beaver River at Wampum, Pa.................................. 202

Bedford Valley, Pa., Evitts Creek near...................... 105

Bellngton, W. Va., Tygart River at.......................... 181

Bent Creek, Va., James River at............................. 137

Big Plney Run near Salisbury, Pa............................ 199

Big Sandy Creek at Rockville, W. Va......................... 194

Big Sandy River at Bruceton, Term........................... 232

Blackllck Creek at Blacklick, Pa............................ 178

Blackwater River at Davis, W. Va............................ 193

Bloomlngton, Md., North Branch of Potomac River at.......... 96

Savage River at......................................... 102

Blue River near White Cloud, Ind............................ 225

Branchland, W. Va., Guyandot River at....................... 215

Brookville, Ind., Whltewater River at....................... 223

Bruceton, Tenn., Big Sandy River at......................... 232

Buchanan, Va., James River at............................... 135

Buckhannon River at Hall, W. Va............................. 185

Buckton, Va., Passage Creek at.............................. 121

Buffalo Creek at Barrackville, W. Va........................ 189

Burketown, Va., North River near............................ 112

Butchervllle, W. Va., West Pork River at.................... 186

Cacfapon River near Great Cacapon, W. Va..................... 108

Cache River at Porman, 111.................................. 233

Calfpasture River at Goshen, Va............................. 147

Cannelton, Ind., Ohio River at.............................. 169

Cartersville, Va., James River at........................... 139

Casselman River at Markleton, Pa............................ 198

Catawba Creek near Plncastle, Va............................ 146

Catawba, Ey., Licking River at.............................. 221

Chadakoin River at Falconer, N. Y........................... 171

Charlerol, Pa., Monongahela River at........................ 184

Cheat River at Rowlesburg, W. Va............................ 191

near Parsons, W. Va..................................... 190

near Pisgah, W. Va...................................... 192

Cincinnati, Ohio, Ohio River at............................. 167

Clarion River near Piney, Pa................................ 171

Clarksburg, W. Va., West Pork River at...................... 187

Clarksvllle, Tenn., Cumberland River at..................... 230

Clifton Forge, Va., Cowpasture River near................... 143

Clover, Va., Roanoke River near............................. 157

Coal River en, Ashford, W. Va................................ 213

Connellsvllle, Pa., Youghlogheny River at................... 196

Connoqueriessing Creek at Hazen, Pa.......................... 203

Conococheague Creek at Palrvlew, Md......................... 110

Cootes Store, Va., North Pork of Shenandoah River at........ 119

Covlngton, Va., Dunlap Creek near........................... 141

Potts Creek near........................................ 142

Cowpasture River near Clifton Forge, Va...................... 143

Cralg Creek at Parr, Va..................................... 144

Crooked Creek near Ford City, Pa............................ 174

Culpeper, Va., Rapldan River near........................... 130

347
348 INDEX

Cumberland, Md., North Branch of Potomac River near......... 97

Wills Creek near........................................ 104

Cumberland River at Clarksville, Tenn....................... 230

Dailey, W. Va., Tygart River near........................... 180

Davis, W. Va., Blackwater River at.......................... 193

Dawsonville, M., Seneca Creek at........................... 126

Dayton, Pa., Mahonlng Creek near............................ 173

Difficult Run near Great Falls, Va.......................... 127

Doswell, Va., North Anna River near......................... 131

Dunlap Creek near Covington, Va............................. 141

East Liverpool, Ohio, Little Beaver Creek near.............. 205

Elk River at Queen Shoals, W. Va............................ 212

Enterprise, W. Va., West Pork River at...................... 188

Evltts Creek near Bedford Valley, Pa........................ 105

Falrview, Md., Conococheague Creek at....................... 110

Falconer, N. Y., Chadakoln River at......................... 171

Palling Spring, Va., Jackson River at....................... 133

Parmville, Va., Appomattox River at......................... 154

Fetter-man, W. Va., Tygart River at.......................... 182

Fincastle, Va., Catawba Creek near.......................... 146

Floods, crests of........................................... 306-324

determination of discharges of, from rating curves...... 77-78

from slope-area observations........................ 80-83

over dams........................................... 78-80

through contracted openings ......................... 83

of Potomac, James, and upper Ohio Rivers................ 32-41

previous, records of.................................... 324-345

in Allegheny River Basin............................ 340-342

in James River Basin................................ 335-340

in Monongahela River Basin.......................... 342-343

in Ohio River Basin................................. 340-345

in Potomac River Basin.............................. 325-335

records of stages and discharges of..................... 83-255

summary of discharges of................................ 256-275

weather associated with, March 1936..................... 12-31

Ford City, Pa., Crooked Creek near.......................... 174

Forman, 111., Cache River at................................ 233

Franklin, Md., Georges Creek at............................. 103

Franklin, Pa., Allegheny River at........................... 160

Frederick, Md., Llnganore Creek near........................ 124

Monocacy River at Jug Bridge, near...................... 122

Front Royal, Va., South Fork of Shenandoah River at......... 114

Frost in ground............................................. 74-75

in Maryland............................................. 75

in Pennsylvania......................................... 74-75

in Virginia............................................. 75

Georges Creek at Franklin, Md............................... 103

Golconda, 111., Ohio River at............................... 169

Goose Creek near Leesburg, Va............................... 125

Goshen, Va., Calfpasture River at........................... 147

Grantsville, W. Va., Little Kanawha River at................ 208

Great Cacapon, W. Va., Cacapon River near................... 108

Great Falls, Va., Difficult Run near........................ 127

Green River at Livermore, Ky................................ 226

Greenbrier River at Alderson, W. Va......................... 211

Grottoes, Va., Middle River near............................ 116

Guyandot River at Branchland, W. Va......................... 215

Hall, W. Va., Buckhannon River at........................... 185

Hamilton, Ohio, Miami River at.............................. 222

Hancock, Md., Potomac River at.............................. 98

Hardware River near Scottsvllle, Va......................... 152

Harriston, Va., South River at.............................. 118

Hazen, Pa., Connoquenessing Creek at........................ 203

Higby, Ohio, Scloto River at................................ 218

Hocking River at Athens, Ohio............................... 209

Holcombs Rock, Va., James River at.......................... 136

Hollsopple, Pa., Quemahoning Reservoir near................. 176

Huntington, W. Va., Ohio River at........................... 166

Hydrologic conditions....................................... 41-75

Introduction................................................ 2-5

Jackson River at Falling Spring, Va......................... 133

James River at Bent Creek, Va............................... 137

at Buchanan, Va......................................... 135
INDEC 349

	Page

James River at Cartersville, Va............................. 139

at Holcombs Rock, Va.................................... 136

at Lick Run, Va......................................... 134

at Scottsville, Va...................................... 138

near Richmond, Va....................................... 140

James River Basin, discharge records in..................... 133-156

previous flooda in...................................... 335-340

rainfall and run-off in................................. 295-299

Jefferson, Pa.. South Pork of Tenmile Greek at.............. 195

Johns Creek at Newcastle, Va................................ 145

Johnsonville, Tenn., Tennessee River near................... 231

Johnstown, Pa., Stony Creek at.............................. 175

Kanawha Falls, W. Va., Kanawha River at..................... 210

Kanawha River at Kanawha Palls, W. Va....................... 210

Kellys Ford, Va., Rappahannock River at..................... 129

Kentucky River at Lock 2, at Lockport, Ky................... 224

Kermit, W. Va., Tug Fork near............................... 217

Kerrs Creek near Lexington, Va.............................. 150

Kiakiminetas River at Avonmore, Pa.......................... 177

Lantz, Md., Owens Creek at.................................. 123

Larabee, Pa., Allegheny River at............................ 158

Laurel Hill Creek at TTrsina, Pa............................. 200

Leeaburg, Va., Goose Creek near............................. 125

Levisa Fork at Paintsville, Ky.............................. 216

Lexington, Va., Kerrs Creek near............................ 150

North River near........................................ 149

Lichtblau, Stephen, section by.............................. 12

Lick Run, Va., James River at............................... 134

Licking Creek near Sylvan, Pa............................... 109

Licking River at Catawba, Ky................................ 221

Linganore Creek near Frederick, Md. ................^ .......i 124

Little, W. Va., Middle "Island Creek at...................... 206

Little Beaver Creek near East Liverpool, Ohio............... 205

Little Coal River at Madison, *. Va......................... 214

Little Kanawha River at Grantsville, W. Va.................. 208

Little Miami River at Milford, Ohio......................... 219

East Fork of, at Perintown, Ohio........................ 220

Little Wabash River at Wilcox, 111.......................... 228

Livermore, Ky., Green River at.............................. 226

Lockport, Ky., Kentucky River at............................ 224

Louisville, Ky., Ohio River at.............................. 168

Loyalhanna Creek at New Alexandria, Pa...................... 179

Lynnwood, Va., South Fork of Shenandoah River near.......... 113

McConnelsville, Ohio, Muskingum River at.................... 207

Madison, W. Va., Little Coal River at....................... 214

Mahoning Creek near Dayton, Pa.............................. 173

Markleton, Pa., Casselman River at.......................... 198

Maryland, frost in ground in................................ 75

snow depth in, observations of.......................... 66-69, 71

Mattoax, Va., Appomattox River at........................... 155

Meteorologic conditions ..................................... 12-31, 41-75

Metropolis, 111., Ohio River at............................. 170

Miami River at Hamilton, Ohio,.............................. 222

Middle Island Creek at Little, W. Va........................ 206

Middle River near Grottoes, Va.............................. 116

Milford, Ohio, Little Miami River at........................ 219

Millville, W. Va., Shenandoah River at...................... 115

Monocacy River at Jug Bridge, near Frederick, Md............ 122

Monongahela River at Charleroi, Pa.......................... 184

at Morgantown, W. Va.................................... 183

Monongahela River Basin, discharge records in............... 180-201

previous floods in...................................... 342-343

rainfall and run-off in................................. 303-305

Morgantown, W. Va., Monongahela River at.................... 183

Mount Carmel, 111., Wabash River at...'...................... 227

Muskingum River at McConnelsville, Ohio..................... 207

New Alexandria, Pa., Loyalhanna Creek at.................... 179

Newcastle, Va., Johns Creek at.............................. 145

North Anna River near Doswell, Va........................... 131

North River at Rockbridge Baths, Va......................... 148

near Burketown, Va...................................... 112

near Lexington, Va...................................... 149

Ohio River at Ashland, Ky................................... 168

at Cannelton, Ind....................................... 169
350 INDEX

Ohio River at Cincinnati, Ohio.............................. 167

at Golconda, 111........................................ 169

at Huntington, W. Va.................................... 166

at Louisville, Ky....................................... 168

at Metropolis, 111...................................... 170

at Pittsburgh, Fa....................................... 162

previous floods at.................................. 344-345

at Pomeroy, Ohio........................................ 165

at Sewickley, Pa........................................ 163

at Wheeling, W. Va...................................... 164

stages on............................................... 234-255

Ohio River Basin, discharge records in...................... 158-233

previous floods in...................................... 340-346

rainfall and run-off in................................. 300-305

Owens Creek at Lantz, Md..................................... 123

Paintsville, Ky., Levisa Pork at............................ 216

Palmyra, Va., Rivanna River at.............................. 153

Parkers Landing, Pa., Allegheny River at.................... 161

Parr, Va., Craig Creek at................................... 144

Parsons, W. Va., Cheat River near........................... 190

Passage Creek at Buckton, Va................................ 121

Pennsylvania, frost in ground in............................ 74-75

snow depth in, observations of.......................... 65-71

Perintown, Ohio, East Pork of Little Miami River at......... 220

Personnel................................................... 5-6

Petersburg, Va., Appomattox River near...................... 156

Petersburg, W. Va., South Branch of Potomac River near...... 106

Plney, Pa., Clarion River near.............................. 171

Pisgah, W. Va., Cheat River near............................ 192

Pittsburgh, Pa., Ohio River at.............................. 162

previous floods %t...................................... 344-345

Point of Rocks, Md*, Potomac River at....................... 100

Pomeroy, Ohio, Ohio River at................................ 165

Potomac River at Hancock, Md................................ 98

at Point of Rocks, Md................................... 100

at Shepherdstown, W. Va................................. 99

near Washington, D. C................................... 101

North Branch of, at Bloomington, Md..................... 96

near Cumberland, Md................................. 97

South Branch of, near Petersburg, W. Va................. 106

near Springfield, W. Va............................. 107

Potomac River Basin, discharge records in................... 96-128

previous floods in...................................... 325-335

rainfall and run-off in................................. 291-295

Potts Creek near Covington, Va.............................. 142

Precipitation, studies of................................... 42-59

distribution of......................................... 10, 42-59

isohyetal maps of....................................... 7-9, 49-57

records of.............................................. 43-47

Queen Shoals, W. Va., Elk River at.......................... 212

Quemahoning Reservoir near Hollsopple, Fa................... 176

Rainfall. See Precipitation and Rainfall and run-off.

Rainfall and run-off, analysis of........................... 277-281

studies of, results of.................................. 281-305

in Allegheny River Basin............................ 300-303

in James River Basin................................ 295-299

in Monongahela River Basin.......................... 303-305

in Potomac River Basin.............................. 291-295

in Rappahannock River Basin......................... 295-299

in Roanoke River Basin.............................. 295-299

in upper Ohio River Basin........................... 300-305

in York River Basin................................. 295-299

Rapidan River near Culpeper, Va............................. 130

Rappahannock River at Kellys Ford, Va....................... 129

Rappahannock River Basin, discharge records in.............. 129-130

rainfall and run-off in................................. 295-299

Red House, N. Y., Allegheny River at........................ 159

Redbank Creek at St. Charles, Pa............................ 172

Richmond, Va., James River near............................. 140

Rivanna River at Palmyra, Va................................ 153

Roanoke River near Clover, Va............................... 157

Roanoke River Basin, discharge records in................... 157

rainfall and run-off in................................. 295-299

Rock Creek at Sherrill Drive, Washington, D. C.............. 128
INDEX 351

Rockbridge Baths, Va., North River at....................... 148

Rockville, W. Va., Big Sandy Creek at....................... 194

Roseland, Va., Tye River at................................. 151

Rowlesburg, W. Va., Cheat River at.......................... 191

St. Charles, Pa., Redbank Creek at.......................... 172

Salisbury, Pa., Big Piney Run near.......................... 199

Savage River at Bloomington, Md............................. 102

Scioto River at Higby, Ohio................................. 218

Scottsville, Va., Hardware River near....................... 152

James River at.......................................... 138

Seneca Creek at Dawsonville, Md............................. 126

Sewickley, Pa., Ohio River at............................... " 163

Sharpsburg, Md., Antietam Creek near........................ Ill

Shenandoah River at Mlllville, W. Va........................ 115

North Pork of, at Cootes Store, Va...................... 119

near Strasburg, Va.................................. 120

South Pork of, at Front Royal, Va....................... 114

near Lynnwood, Va................................... 113

Shepherdstown, W. Va., Potomac River at..................... 99

Skillet Pork at Wayne City, 111............................. 229

Slippery Rock Creek at Wurtemburg, Pa....................... 204

Snow, relation of, to floods................................ 59-72

depth of, observations of............................... 65-72

water content of, maps showing.......................... 11, 62-64

South Anna River near Ashland, Va........................... 132

South River at Harrlston, Va................................ 118

at Waynesboro, Va....................................... 117

Springfield, W. Va., South Branch of Potomac River near..... 107

Stony Creek at Johnstown, Pa................................ 175

Storage, effects of......................................... 275-277

Storms, areas covered by.................................... 3, 10

general features of..................................... 8-12

See also Precipitation.

Strasburg, Va., North Pork of Shenandoah River near......... 120

Sutersvllle, Pa., Youghiogheny River at..................... 197

Sylvan, Pa., Licking Creek near............................. 109

Temperature................................................. 72-74

Tenmile Creek, South Pork of, at Jefferson, Pa.............. 195

Tennessee River near Johnsonville, Term..................... 231

Trafford, Pa., Turtle Creek at.............................. 201

Tug Pork near Kerait, W. Va................................. 217

Turtle Creek at Trafford, Pa................................ 201

Tye River at Roseland, Va................................... 151

Tygart River at Belington, W. Va............................. 181

at Petterman, W. Va..................................... 182

near Dailey, W. Va...................................... 180

Urslna, Pa., Laurel Hill Creek at........................... 200

Virginia, frost in ground in................................ 75

snow depth in, observations of.....................66, 68, 70, 71-72

Wabash River at Mount Carmel, 111........................... 227

Wampum, Pa., Beaver River at................................ 202

Washington, D. C., Potomac River near....................... 101

Rock Creek at Sherrill Drive............................ 128

Wayne City, 111., Skillet Pork at........................... 229

Waynesboro, Va., South River at............................. 117

West Fork River at Butcherville, W. Va...................... 186

at Clarksburg, W. Va.................................... 187

at Enterprise, W. Va.................................... 188

West Virginia, snow depth in, observations of............... 66-68, 71

Wheeling, W. Va., Ohio River at............................. 164

White Cloud, Ind., Blue River near.......................... 225

Whitewater River at Brookville, Ind......................... 223

Wilcox, 111., Little Wabash River at........................ 228

Wills Creek near Cumberland, Md............................. 104

Work, administration of..................................... 5-6

authorization of........................................ 5

Wurtemburg, Pa., Slippery Rock Greek at..................... 204

York River Basin, discharge records in...................... 131-132

rainfall and run-off in................................. 295-299

Youghiogheny River at Connellsville, Pa..................... 196

at Sutersville, Pa...................................... 197

208 O 37 24 ^

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