### [3128-01] PART 43O-ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAM FOR APPLIANCES 

### Test Procedures for Furnaces and Vented Home Heating Equipment AGENCY: Department ofEnergy. ACTION: Final

### rule. SUMMARY: This 

### rule prescribes final test procedures for furnaces and vented home heating equipment. Appliance test procedures are one element of the appliance energy efficiency program required by the Energy Policy and Conservation Act. The effect of this action is 

### to establish standard methods of testing when testing is 

### required by the Act or by regulations implementing other parts oftheprogram.

- EFFECTIVE DATE: June 15, 1978.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

James A. 

### Smith (Office of Conservation), Room 307, Old Post Office Building, 12th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, D.C. 20461,202-566-4635. Jim Merna (Media Relations), Room 3104, Federal Building, 12th and

_

PennsylvaniaAvenue NW., Washington,D.C. 20461, 292-566-9833. Laurence J. Hyman (Office of General Counsel>, Room 7150, Federal Building, 12th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW., Washington, D.C. 20461,202-566-9750. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: A. BACKGROUND 

### On October 1, 1977, pursuant to the Department of Energy Organization Act <DOE Act) (Pub. L. 

### 95-91>, the Department of Energy <DOE) assumed

- the authority of the Federal Energy

Administration· (FEA) under the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (Act) (Pub. L. 

### 94-163), with regard 

### to the energy conservation program for consumer products. DOE hereby amends Part 430, Chapter 

## n of Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, in order 

### to prescribe test procedures for furnaces and vented home heating equipment pursuant to section 323 (42 U.s.C. 6293) of the Act. These test procedures were proposed by notice issued August.ll, 1977 (42 FR 40826), for furnaces 3Jld August 31, 1977 (42 FR 43930), for vented home heating equipment. Public hearings on the proposed test procedures were held on October 4, 1977, for furnaces and on November 2, 1977, for vented home heating equipment.

By notice issued May 24, 1977 (42 FR 27896), DOE established Subparts A and B of Part 430, Chapter 

## n of RULES AND REGULAnONS


### Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations. Certain definitIons and general provisIons applicable to the energy conser- vation' program for appliances have been promulgated in subpart A. 

### Final test procedures for room air 

### conditioners, dishwashers, electrIc refrigerators and electrIc refrigerator-freezers, freezers, televisIon sets, clothes diyers; water heatt!rs, clothes washers, dehumldlflers, humldlflers, and central air 

### conditioners have been prescribed in subpart B. Test procedures for ranges and ovensand unvented home heating equipment have been proposed for inclusIon in subpart B. DOE has 

### also es· tablished a subpart C for appliance energy efficIency improvement 

### targets. An 

### outline of the provisIons of part 430 which have so far been established, including the provisIons in this rulemaking, is as follows:
SUBPART A-GENERAL PROVISIONS Sec. 430.1 Purpose and srope. 430.2 Definitions.
SUBPART B-TEsTPnoa:lltJJu:s 430.21 Purpose and scope. 430.22 Test procedures lor measures of energy consumption. (a) Refrigerators andrefrigerator-freezers. (b) Freezers. (e) Dishwashers. (d) Clothes dryers. (e) Waterheaters. (D Room airconditioners.

(h)Television sets.

(j) Clothes washers. (It) HwnIdlllers. (l) DehwnIdlllers. (m) Central airconditioners. (n)Furnaces. 

## •

(0) Ventedhomeheatingequipment. 430.23 Units to be tested (reserved). 430.24 Representations regarding measures of energy consumption. (a) Refrigerators andrefrigerator-freezers. (b) Freezers. (e) Dishwashers. (d) Clothes dryers. (e) Waterheaters. (f) Room airconditioners.



## • (h) Television sets.

(j) Clothes washers. (k) HwnIdlllers. (l) DehwnIdlliers. (m) Central airconditioners. (n)Furnaces. (0) Ventedhome heatingequipment.



# . APPENDICES TO SUBPART B Appendix Al-UnIlorm Test Method for

Measuring the Energy Consumption of Electric Refrigerators and Electric RelrIlterator-freezers. 

## 20147
• • Appendix B-UnIlorm Test Method lor

Measuring the Energy Consumption of Freezers Appendix C-Unlform Test Method

- for

Mea.surins the Energy Consumption of D/shwa.shers Appendix D-Unlform Test Method for

Measurin&' the Energy Consumption of ClothesDryers Appendix E-Unlform Test Method lor

Measurinlt the Energy Consumption of WaterHeaters Appendix F-Unlform Test Method for

Measuring the Energy Consumption of RoomAIr Conditioners
Appendix H-Unlform Test Method for

Measuring the Energy Consumption of Tele\1s!on Sets
Appendix J-Unlform Test Method for

Measuring the Energy Consumption of ClothesWa.shers Appendix Kl-Unlform Test Method for

Measurlng the Energy Consumption of Central System HwnIdlllers Appendix K2-Unlform Test Method for

Measuring the Energy Consumption of Room HumIdlliers

_ Appendix L-Unlform Test Method for

Measuring the Energy Consumption of DehwnIdlllers Appendix M-UnIlorm Test Method 

### lor

Measurinlt the Energy Consumption of Central AIr Conditioners Appendix N-Unlform Test Method for

Measuring the Energy Consumption of FurnAces Appendix O-UnIlorm Test Method for

Measuring the Energy Consumption of VentedHomeHeatingEquipment

Sec. SumoART C-ElrDGYEPnCIEl'l'CY lwPKOVEKENT TAllCJ:rS
430.31 P\1rpo5e and scope_ 430.32 Energy efficiency fmprovement 

### targets Ca) Refrfgerators and refrfgerator-lreez-



### ers. (b)

### Freezers. (e)Dishwashers. (d) Clothes dryers. (e) [Reserved]. CD Tele

.. 1s!onsets. (g) [Reserved]. (h)Television sets. (J) [Reserved]. (j) [Reserved]. (11:) HwnIdlllers." (J) DehumIdlllers. (m) Central airconditioners. 

### B. DISCUSSION OF COMMENTS 

### Comments were rece1ved from indJlS

### try, trade associations and members of the public. The major issues raised 

### by the comments are dIscussed

### below.
1. BURDEN OF n:srIl'iG 

### Several commentexs criticized var- ious aspects of the proposed 

### test pro- cedures as imposing signIficant resting 

### burdensupontheindustry.

Several commentexs stated 

## that. undertheirunderstanding ofproposed sampling provisions 430.23 Cn) 

### and (0),
FEDERAL REGISTER. VOL. 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1971

## 20148 thenumber of units tobe tested wouid be large, and consequently burdensome. The commenters provided examples of the large number of units they believed would be required 

### to be tested.

, While it is not clear how these numbers were derived, they appear to result from misunderstanding the -ap- plication of the proposed sampling plan. DOE verified the,appropriateness of using the sampling provisions for furnaces and vented heaters by using typical furnace data.The correct application of the sampling provisions ' resulted in sample sizes inuch more reasonable than those cited by the commenters. "

Also cited by the commenters as contributing to the burden of testing was the large number of basic models existing in the furnace and vented heater industry which wotild have to be tested. In 

### an attempt to reduce the number of basic models to be tested, commenters suggested DOE adopt a. definition of basic model in which models would be grouped by common design characteristics. All units within such a basic model grouping would have energy efficiency characteristics either nearly identical to, or capable of correlation with, each -other. DOE does not have sufficient information to determine the Validity of such an approacn. Therefore, DOE has determined that the definition 'of basic model in the proposed test procedures will remain the same in the final rules described today.

Many 

### commenters suggested other alternative sa.nipling plans they believed were lesS burdensome. DOE has 

### weighed these alternative sampling plans against the need for accuracy in the determination of any energy measure and, after an analysis of the available statistical and- economic information, DOE has determined that the proposed sampling plan results in reasonable accuracy without producing an unreasonable testing burden. Therefore, DOE has 

### not changed the proposed sampling provision in the final rule issued today. _.

In 

### addition to' the large sample sizes discussed above, several of those commenting cited the cost and time of conducting tests as contributing substantially to the burden of testing. One of those commenting' noted the· cost of energy to conduct the test, due to the long test time. would itself become a significat factor contributing to high testing cost.

These comments have been consid-' ered, and DOE has 

### agreed to modify slightly the test procedures for the final rule •.The modifications simplifY the test procedures and result in reducing thetesting time without reducing the accuracy. of the test results. DOE believes these modifications, dis

### cussed separately in item 5, signifiRULES AND REGULATIONS 

### cantly reduce the cost of implement-

, log

### thetests.
2. SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS 

### Several commenters addressed themselves to aspects ofthesamplingprovi- :sions contained in 

### the

-proposed test pr.ocedures.

. The test procedures prescribed under section 323 of the Act are intended to be used throughout the consumer products program, such as for labeling under 'section 324, for monitoring the progress of manufacturers towards meeting the energy efficiency improvement .targets under section 325. and for enforcement testing under section 326.

.

These aspects of the appliance program have not, however. been imple- lnented. It is 

### quite possible that the objectives of appliance testing under each of these parts of the program, as well as the instructions as to how a test procedure should be applied (e.g.• sampling of production units), may differ. DOE, the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) are continuing to evaluate the appropriate method or methods for sampling the units to be tested'in orderro comply with the statute and satisfy 

# an of the different elements of the appliance program.

While the "arious parts of the appliance program identified above are not in 

### effect at this 

### time, section 323(c) of theAct provides: Effective 90 days after a test procedure rule applicable to a covered product is prescribed under this section, no manufacturer, distrib

### utor, retailer or private labeler may make any 

### representatlon-

_

(1) 

### in writing 

### (including a representation on a labeI>, or
.

(2) in any 

### broadcast advertisement, 1'espectlng the energy consumption of such product, unlel;s 

### such product has been tested in 

### accordance with 

### such test proce- dure and such representation fairly dis

### closes theresults ofsuch testing.

In 

### order to eliminate some of the difficulties associated with a general

, sampling provision, section 430.23. which is concerned with the number of units to be tested. hasbeen reserved in the final test·procedures. Also, sampling requirements which apply only for purposes of advertising furnaces and vented heaters have be.en reorga- nized into §§ 

### 430.24 (n) and (0) of the final test procedures. Sections 430.24 (n) and (0) 

### have been revised slightly from proposed §§ 

### 430.23 (n) and (0).' 

### Most notabLy. the units tested may now be representative of production units as well as actual production units. This 

### change is intended to reduce any burden which might be caused by requiring post-production rating of basic ,lnodels 'in

.

### every in

### stance of testing pursuant to 

### seCtion 323(c) of·the Act. Until aJabeling rule 

### -' has been implemented pursuant to section 324, manufacturers are not reo quired to test unless they choose to make representations regarding a measure of energy consumption identi· fied in or based upon §§ 

### 430.22 (n) or (0). 

### It should also be emphasized that the test procedures prescribed today apply only to the initial rating of a basic model where representations under §§ 

### 430.24 (n) and (0) 

### are con· cerned.

Comments pertaining to several pro- posed test procedures criticized tho language of the proposed sampling provisions for 1ncorrectly relating tho sample mean and the true mean. DOE has corrected the language to relate the two means properly. Specifically. there is to be at least 95 percent confi· dence that the true mean of any measure of the basic model lies within ±5 percent of the mean of such measures ofthe sample.
3. TEST PROCEDURE SCOPE 

### Several commenters stated that tho proposed test procedures did'not con· sider all 

### ,relevant factors. Others stated- the test procedures did not ac· curately characterize the factors they did consider.

The test procedures incorporate a heatlossmethod in which the sensible and latent heat losses through tho stack and flue are determined. Since these losses will 

### depend on such fac· tors as load, cycling rate. chimney height, overslzlng, the type of draft control device, the infiltration charac· teristics of the residence and the weather profile, it is desirable to measure in the laboratory the quaIltles which characterize the performance of a furnace or boiler under standardized conditions to provide the best predic· tion of its performance under field conditions. The furnaces and vented heater test procedures prescribed today evaluate the unit plus any vent

-system component, or other auxll1ary equipment essential to the perform· ance of the unit, that accompanies it when it is distributed in commerce.

Under these procedures. testing is done only on new units and estimated annual operating costs refer only to the product's efficiency and performance under laboratory conditions. Annual maintenance costs, product reliabll1ty and other factors contributing to estimates of life cycle costs are not included.

One of those commenting stated that the propos'ed test procedures for furnaces could not serve as a reliable guide to the energy efficiency of heating systems unless it considered the entire heating system. including the smoke pipe and chimney. This 

### individual .stated' that a significant energy savings potential is available by im· provihg heat recovery in the smoke pipe and chimney. DOE agrees that

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978

J

### · there is some energy savings opportu- nityinthis areabutconsiders itunfeasible inthe testprocedure to credit accurately smoke pipe and chimney heat recovery 

### to a 

### furnace system considering the multitude of installation arrangements encountered inthe field.

This 

### individual also 

### suggested the proposed test procedures be expanded 

### to allow flexi'bility in the determination of the draft. factors. He believed credit should be given in the test pro- cedures 

### to devices that restrict stack 'flow, thereby improving the efficiency of the heating system. DOE believes it is inappropriate at this time to give credit to a device that restricts stack flow when there is a possibility the furnace will 

### be installed with a stack system that is sized such that the heating system will 

### receive little or no benefit from the device. Furthermore, such a device is not within the scope of these procedures because it would not accompany the furnace when it is 

### distnoutedincommerce.

Other commenters believed the pro- posed 

### test procedures for furnaces were too limited because they did not include credits for night setback and zone control in estimating annual op- erating costs. DOE has determined these items should not be directly ad

### dressed irr 

### the furnace and vented heater test procedures because data is unavailable at this time to determine typical consumerusage patterns.

Finally, 

### commenters stated the pro- posed definition of "furnace" was too broadly drafted. They stated that the proposed definition, byincluding inits scope units with hourly heat input rates of up to- 400,000 British thermal units (Btu's) for furnaces and boilers, did not accurately represent the resi

### dentialfurnace market and thata substantial number of units manufactured for commercial purposes were beingincorrectly includedinthese test procedures. It was suggested that the limit be reduced to 1'75,000 Btu's per hour for gas 

### furnaces and 225,000 Btu'sperhourfor oil furnaces.

As 

### a result of these comments DOE has

### made an analysis oftheresidential furnace market and has 

### determined that a reduction of the upper llm.it of input rate is 

### warranted. DOE has 

### also determined it appropriate 

### to separate the upper limits for furnaces from those for boilers, but not for different types of fueL The upper limits pre- scribed in the final 

### rule are 300,000 

### Btu's per hour for boilers and 225,000 Btu'sperhourforfurnaces.

4. ESTIMATED A!t'"NUAL OPERATING COSTS Many 

### of**those~** 

### commenting raised questions regarding accuracy and usefulness 'of the estimated annual oper- ating. costs 

### to be derived from the 

### test procedures. These questions concerned the effects of variations in heating season and energy costs 

### across the 

### RULES AND REGULATIONS country, variations due to the type of home construction, temperature controls (zone control, night setback and consumer preferences), and overestimation ofthe average number ofheating load hours in & 

### season from the use of 65· F 

### as & 

### balance point temperature for degree day computations.**U~fulness** 

### of estimnted annual oper- ating costs to the consumer was 

### !!!so criticized on the basis that equipment selection is usually made by bullders or heating system contractors and not bythe consumer.

DOE agrees these factors 

### can have an effect on how closely annual 

### operatingcosts derIved from these testpro- cedures approximate the costs of actual operation. The test procedures have been designed to evaluate the energy efficiency and typical cost of operation of 

### a furnace or vented heater during a representative average use cycle rather than the 

### actual oper- ating cost of a speclfic furnace In 

### a specific application. The prlnu!.ry purpose of the estimated annual operat- ing costs derived from the test proce- dures is 

### to provide & 

### basis for compar- ing the efficiency levels of dlfferent heating systems when operating under a typical usage pattern. ThIs 

### comparison should be 

### useful both to consumers and to bullders or contractors sell

### ing homes to consumers conscIous of energy costs.

In 

### addition, several commenters sug

### gested 

### a change in 

### the outdoor balance point temperature (currently 65' F) 

### used in 

### the test procedures. DOE is 

### aware ofthe fact thatthe use of 65' F 

### as 

### a balance point temperature may 

### not represent current house construction technIquea and the trend toward reducing residential infiltration 

### rates. However, changing the balance point temperature would require an 

### extensive and lengthy analysis and. 

### untll such data is 

### avallable, DOE has 

### determined that the existing standardprac- tice of using 65° F 

### as a base tempera

### ture will 

### be used in these test proce- dures.
5. STEADY STATE, Bl!:Ar-UP, AND COOLDOWN TESTING PROCEDURES (n.UE AND STACK REQUIREMENTS) 

### A 

### rommenter suggest.ed 

### an Improved method of measuring the steady state efficiency 8J; 

### well as the heat-up and cool-down temperature. Itwas SURested-that this be used for gas 

### and on fueled furnaces, bollers, and vented heaters.

This 

### procedure claimed 

### to Improve the DOE proposed procedures in 

### the following respects: A single stackprocedure, instead 

### of & 

### 5

foot stack for steady state tests and a 2 foot stack for heat-up and cooldown tests as propo&ed by DOE, would be easIer

### to conductbecause it would not require & 

### shutdown and 

## 20149
restart ofthe furnace for removal of the 5-foot stack and replacement 'Ytith the 2·footstack. Standardizing the stack height at 

### a

constant 5 

### feet. instead 

### of using 

### a length whose top is 5 

### feet 6 

### inches above the highest point of the draft hoodreliefopening as orig:inally proposed. would make it possible to use the same stack 

### on all 

### appliances withthe same draft hood outlet size. 

### The 5-foot 

### stack would be 

### more repre-

sentative of stack 

### heights in 

### the field than the 2-foot stack 

### used in the proposed 

### test procedures for heat-up and cool-down temperature measurements.

- The use of 

### a thermocouple grid on

nine thermocouples rather than 

### a single thermocouple would be 

### more accurate for the heat-up and cooldown test. As 

### a result of NBS' 

### evaluation and recommendatIon, modifications based onpartoftheproceduressuggestedby the commenter have been incorporat- ed and are now a part ofthe final 

### test procedures prescribed today_ The modified steady state portion of the suggested procedures has 

### not been accepted because 

### it would allow heat transfer from the fiue gases 

### to the conditioned air

### in

### a mannerthatis

### not representative of normal operation (Le., 

### with the draft hood open). The suggested 5-foot stack has been 

### adopt- ed and the proposed 2-!oot stack has 

### been elIminated. 

### Also, the location of the thermocouples for measuring stack temperature in the steady state test has 

### been 

### made common with the lc::-ation for heat-up and 

### cool-down tesbt. 

### These changes have eliminated the ne.:d to replace the 5-foot stack with

.. 2-foot flue pipe, and reduced the testing 

### time from thatrequired

### by theprocedures as

### proposed.

The suggested method of achieving Identical**CO~** 

### levels upstream of dilutIon.. through restricting 

### the stack 

### outlet during the heat-up and cooldown tests, has 

### been

### incorporatedinto the 

### testproceduresfor units withintegral draft diverters.

The use 

### of nine parallel. connected thermocouples, Instead of one centralIy

### located thermocouple,**~** 

### also been 

### accepted.

It was also 

### suggested that 

# an temperature· and CO2 

### measurements be 

### made downstream ofthe draft control device. However, due to possible cooling and dilution of the flue gases, 

### DOE considered it preferable to 

### measure temperature and CO2 

### concentration upstream of dilution whenever poa;lble. In

### furnaces orventedheaters with & 

### common fiue gas 

### collection point. this presents no problem. Flue gases of such furnaces and 

### vented heaters are now measuredupstreamof dilution and 

### with a 5-foot stack 

### pipe ratherthan

### the 2-footflue pipe

# as proposed. 

### Units with integral draft ellFEDERAL REGISTER. VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1911

## 20150 verters, however, typically have no_ common collection point. To measure flue gases upstream of dilution, one must therefore simulate a flue by sealing the draft diverter and'restricting the stack to reduce air flow. Thus, for furnaces and vented heaters with integral draft diverters, DOE has accepted the suggestions of these commenters and appropriately modified the test procedures. Also, instructions have been incorporated into section 2.6 of appendix N and 0 to insure that radiation shields be used on the thermocouples where radiation may be a problem.

6. DESIGN HEATING REQUIREMENT FOR ELECTRIC FURNACES 

### The proposed test procedures contained a 'constant, 0.5, 

### as the typical ratio of steady state efficiency to 100 

### times the average furnace sizing factor (assumed to be 1.7). The constant was criticJzed by commenters as oversimplifying the ratios for different catego- ries of furnaces and vented heaters. DOE agrees and has 

### removed this constant, 0.5, 

### from the test procedures. The calculation employing the constant has been replaced by a calculation ,of typiCal design heating requirement based upon a common table now incorporated into the final rule for electric, gas or oil fueled furnaces, boilers, or vented heaters for various output capacities. The output capacity is 

### now a specified part of the test pro- cedures.
" 7. TEST ROOM AIR TElItPERATURE 

### Several comments'were received regarding the proposed limitation of 65" to 75' F on test room air temperature. These comments expressed concern that this limitation would'require equipment to air-condition the test lab at substantial cost. One of those commenting estimated that an initial investment of $60,000 

### would be required to air-condition a typical test facility. Several recommendations suggested wider.**r~nges** 

### of test room air temperatures be allowed. NBS evaluated the impact that such a change would make on test data and determined that enlarging the allowable range Vlould have a negligible effect on test results if 

### the data was mathematically corrected to a standard ambient air 

### temperature. Therefore, a provision has been added to section 4 of Appen- dices N and 0 tha.t allows a test room air temperature range of 65' to 100' 

### F, with a correction factor to be applied in the calculation procedure adjusting the test results to a standard ambient temperature of 70' 

### F.

8. BURNER AIR SHUTTER ADJUSTMENTS 

### Comments were directed at the pro- posed method of adjusting the air shutter of gas burners at their maxi

### RULES AND REGULATIONS

mum settblg prior to testing. The rec- posed to a space around the outside ommendation was that burners be ad- 

### edge when the damper is 

### closed). This justed'in accordance with the manu- comment predicted that stack (or flue) facturer's instructionS to avoid im- dampers would not be properly evaluproper operation such

# as poor combus- ated by the proposed calculation for tion, slow ignition, lifting flames, etc. Do in section 4.3. DOE has reviewed this suggestion and

_ NBS has investigated the effects of agrees the manufacturer's recom- boundary layer flow by testing various mended adJustment is 

### appropriate. dampers. The results of these tests The test procedure has been changed showed that the equation as proposed to incorporate this 

### recommendation. was sufficient to measure accurately

II. BOILER VTATER**~w** ADJUSTr.tENTS 

### Comments noted that the proposed sections 2.5.4 and 2.5.5 for adjusting the water flow rate were inconsistent. These Pfoposed sections referenced different ANSI standards for gas 

### and oil fueled boilers, which used different outlet water·temperatures. The test procedures have been changed to make the outletwater temperature adjustment proposed for oil fueled equipment the adjustmentfor gas and electric equipment as well Comments also noted that' test conditions were not specified for oil fueled steam boilers. A steam boiler adjustment setting for steampressure has nowbeen specified in section 2.5.4.
10. HEATING CAPACITY RATING 

### A suggestion was made that the test procedures include a definition of heating capacity as the product of the measured steady state efficiency and the input 

### to the appliance. This 

### sug-' gestion has been accepted and incorpo- rated inthe testprocedures.
11. STEADY STATE CALCULATIONS FOR FLUE LOSS 

### A comment stated that flue losses calculated by the DOE procedures do not agree closely with those used aIfd accepted as established industry prac- tices for natural gas and, in particular, the method:; employed by American Gas Association Laboratories (AGA Labs). NBS investigated these ·prac- tices and recommended several changes to the assigned values of stoichiometric alr to fuel ra.tio (AIF) in table 3, used to calculate flue losses, to represent'typical properties of natural gases being distributed in 

### the field. DOE has adopted this change in.order to obtain closer agreement with existing

### methods.

12. EFFEcTIvEm:sS OF STACK (OR FLUE) DAMPERS 

### A comment was made that calculations used to predict savings associated with the use of stack (or flue) dampers did not appear to reflect adequately boundary layer flow effects. It was claimed that; the factor Do, which is 

### derived from'the percentage of open area in the stack or flue, did not take into account the location and shape of that open area <i.e., an open area in the center oJ the damper plate as opstack (or flue) damper effectiveness. However, as a result of this investiga- tion, the equation in section 4.3 has' been changed from that proposed to correct a discontinuity of the curve at A D 

### /As

### =0.59. 

### As a result of this change, the discontinuity is 

### no longer present. and calculated values of Do are now available for all ratios ofADI 

### As. Another commenter stated that the proposed test procedures indicated that a furnace equipped With a stack (or flue) damper, which when closed has an effective area of 80 

### percent or less, will 

### use more energy than a furnace or vented heater without a stack (or flue) damper. The commenter**b~** 

### lieved this was incorrect. DOE agrees and has eliminated the draft factor in 

### the equations for determining effective flue temperatures if

### the factor exceeds unity.



# 13. STACK (OR FLUE) DAMPER OPERATION DURING THE COOL-DOWN TEST In 

### the proposed rule, to evaluate the unit's fuel utilization efficiency, direct vent systems equipped with a flue damper were to be tested with tho device in place and closed dUring the cool·down portion of the test, whlle nondirect vent units that utilize l\ 

### stack damper were to have a caloUlation rather than a test. This procedure was criticized as inconsistent.

This apparent inconsistency is explained by considering the importance of measuring flue gas temperatures.

. On furnaces with a stack (or flue)

damper it is 

### more representative of normal operation if 

### the stack (or flue) damper is 

### in place and closed during the cool-dOwn test. Therefore, DOE has retained this method in the test procedures wherever possIble. However, this method is 

### possible only on a direct vent unit with a flue damper or a unit with a stick damper and barometric draft regulator. Units 

### equIpped with an integral draft diverter or a draft hood have these draft relief devices sealed during the cooled-down test 

### to measure accurately flue cas temperature and C02 

### as discussed in item 5. However, this procedure of blocking the draft relief devices does not allow the heat trapped by the stack damper to spill into the room as it normally would in the home. Therefore, to account for this effect on these units the procedures contain an additional correction faotor to evaluate damper effectIveness.

fEDERAL**R~GISTEa,** VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 197814. EFFICIENCY DEGRADATION OF OIL FUELED FURNACES In 

### one comment it was indicated that sootbuild-up occurs innormal op- eration ofmost oil burningfurnaces in the field which, in turn; causes a reduction of the fuel utilization efficien-'

- cy of those furnaces. Itwas requested

that the 

### test procedures incorporate a measurement of fuel utilization effI

### ciency under conditions representative of the soot build-up during typIcal usage.

- DOEhas D!!en unable to determine a representative condition of soot buildup given thevariations inmaintenance to which any 

### furnace or vented heater may be exposed. As 

### a result, DOE has 

### determined that the test procedures prescribedtoday shouldbe used to test new units only.

Itwas also suggested that the cost of annualmaintenance, such as removing soot build-up, -be a component of the estimated annual operating cost. The term "estimated annual operating cost" is 

### defined in the Act as "the aggregate retall cost of the energy which is 

### likely to be consumed annually in representative use of a consumerprod- 'uct." Therefore, the annual cost of maintenance does not fall within the definition of "estimated annual operating costs," and is 

### not included inthe final ruleprescribedtoday.
15. STACK (OR FLUE) DAlI(pERS ON OUTDOOR FURNACES, BOILERS, OR VENTED HEATERS 

### One comment stated the proposed test procedures would show greater energy savings for the use of a stack damper on outdoor furnaces.than on indoor furnaces, a result he believed inconsistentwithknown data.

In 

### practice, a stack damper on outdoor equipment does not result in an energy savings since all heat trapped by the damper is 

### discharged through the draft relief openings to the outdoors. The test procedures for furnaces and vented heaters intended for installation outdoors or in unheated areas, such as attics or crawl spaces, specify a Do factor only for flue dampers. A flue damper is 

### the only type of damper that saves energy on outdoor units since heat 

### can be trapped in the heat exchanger on the furnace side of the draft relief device. This 

### savings is 

### correctly accountedfor inthetestprocedures.
16. BLOCKING THE SOURCE OF COMBUSTION AIR 

### One commenter'stated that following the procedures for outdoor installation resulted in blocking off the air 

### intake. To avoid the possibility, a cautionary statement has been added 

### to section 2.2.3 stating: -"care should be taken not to block the air 

### intake with insulation." 

### RULES AND REGULATIONS

17. ENERGY SAVZNGS DUE 70 ELECrRICIGNITION 

### According 

### to some commenters, -the proposed test procedures failed to reflect accurately the energy savings available by using electrlc-lgnltion devices. NBS investigated this 

### clalm 

### and determined that 

### a. modification to the calculation procedure 

### was necessary 

### to produce more realistIc values. ThIs 

### has been accompllshed by including 

### a. correction factor in the calculation of CT•orr 

### in section 4.2.23 for furnaces and section4.1.23 for vented heaters.
18. EFFICIENCIES AT REDUCXD FIRING RATES 

### One commenter suggested DOE further evaluate the assumption that 

### a furnace with 

### a reduced firing rate will 

### have the same efficiency at both reduced and full flr1ng rates. He suggested efficiencies are generally lower at reduced.firingrates.

DOE has 

### determined that conventional reduced firing rate furnaces have lower steady state efficiencIes at the reduced firing rate since the inlet air 

### openings, sized for the full firing rate, provIde' large amounts of excess air. 

### However, when considering seasonal efficIency. the effect of reduced steady state effIciency at the reduced firing rate is 

### offsetbyreduced cyc11ng. Consequently. even though the test procedures do not directly account for the lower steady state efficiency at re

### duced firing rates, they do correctly predict the seasonal efficiency of the conventional reduced firing rate furnace.

19. CONSTANT PART LOAD UTILIZATION EFFICIENCIES 

### Commenters also suggested DOE further evaluate the assumption that part load utUization effIcIency is 

### constant for all cllmatlc conditions in all 

### parts of the country. NBS performed an evaluation of this assumption prIor 

### to the Issuance of the proposed test procedures. The same furnace or vented heater will 

### have different representative part loads in different parts of the country. However. these differences were not found to be of 

### a. magnitude reQ.uIrlng expanded test procedures to determine.a regional annual utlllzation efficiency. The effI· 

### clency, as now determined, uses a one temperature "bin" approach to calculate the representative part load for furnaces or vented heaters in each region of the United States during one heating season. A multltemperature "bin" approach would be needed 

### to provide a more exact regionalized test procedure. NBS considered a six temperature "bin" method and found the additIonal incremental accuracy did not warrant the more lengthy calculation procedure. 

## 20151



# . 20. SPECInED FUEL ClIARAC'naUSTICS 

### Atthepublichearing, it

### was suggest- ed the 'tolerances for natural gas as specIfied for testing <ie., hIgher heat value equal to 1,025 Btu's**~** 

### cubic. foot, ±5 

### percent) be deleted and that whatever pipeline gas Is 

### distributed to beusedfor the testgas.

The higher heating value of natural gas varies for many 

### parts of the country 

### depending on the source of the natural gas. Also, in wintermany companies "peak

### shave;" thatis, 

### inperiods of hIgh demand, the natural gas delivered to customers Is 

### supplemented by mixing it with propane gas. 

### Consequently. during periods of high demand (ie., cold weather) the heatIng 

### value and specl.!lc gravity of the distributed gas 

### canvary.



### The ±5 

### percent tolerance on higher heatingTalue for alltest gases is 

### specifIed because 

### the constants usedfor determinlng 

### steady state flue 

### loss. A/F (stoichIqmetric air 

### to fuel ratio). and 

### Lz.A (latent heat loss). are dependent on mainta.inlng the test gases within the speci!ied tolerances. In 

### these 

### test procedures itis 

### necessarybothto limit the variation of the speclflc heating value of the fuel and to measure the actualvalue with an accuracy of 1 

### percent. 

### Thus, the test procedures prescrIbed today retain the tolerances for natural gas orIgi.nal.Iy speclfled.

21. WAn:Rl'UlI:P**ENE1lGY~** 

### Section 3.1.6 required pump energy (PE) 

### to be 

### measured. Comments noted that due to the variety of pIping arrangements that 

### can be 

### attached 

### to & 

### boner in the field, the PE consump- tion 

### can differ considerably from one Installation to another. It was recommended that a typical electric power raUng be used for the calcUlation instead of a laboratory measurement. NBS recommended a typIcal rating of 0.13 kW whIch has 

### now been 

### incorpo- rated into section 3.1.2 of appendix N.
22. OIL Bumn:R ADJUS'D[ENTS 

### Section 2.4.2 speclfled that on burners be 

### adjusted to give the best 

### CO2 reading. 

### Comment 

### was receiyed that this 

### was not a realIsticsettingfor boner burners. It 

### was further noted thatboners are soldintwo basic ways: 

### as bare boners 

### to be 

### equipped with any 

### onburneravafIs.ble inthefield (as decided bythe customer orthe install

### ing contractor), or as a boner-burner unit Incorporating 

### a. flame retention burner matched 

### to the boner by the manufacturer. According to the comment, boners in both categories are rated by the manufacturer in terms 

### of CO2 

### adjustment whIch Is 

### 10 percent for the bare boner and 12 percent for the boner with the burner as part of the package. Itwas statedthere are oil burners avalla.ble that 

### can produce 13 percent to 14 percent CO2 

### in the IaboFEDERAL 

### ItEGISTER. VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 197.

### 20152' ratory. However, such values ca.ruiot be obtained inpractice since a margin must be ,allowed for safety to cover daily variations in available draft, air density, etc.

To better represent the field in: stalled condition, the statement directing the tester

## to adjust the unit to the "best" CO. has been changed to direct him to adjust the unit to the CO. reading recommended by the manufacturer. Additionally, the specifica.- tion for smoke has been changed from a No.2 to a No.1 smoke adjustment to better represent field conditions.

The statement, "adjust to the manufacturers CO. recommendation" is not intended to limit the 

### cO. to 10 percent or 12 percent. If 

### a higher CO. level is 

### possible while achieving the prescribed smoke setting, then that adjustment is permissible if 

### the manufacturer no!: mally recommends it for field adjustment. In 

### any case, the No.1 smoke setting governs burner adjustment irrespective of the manufacturer's CO. recommendations. '
23. BURNER OPERATING HOURS 

### Comments were made that the number of burner operating hours pre-' dieted by the proposed test procedures was greater than the actual number of burner operating hours of furnaces in thefield. , I 

### The calculation for burner operating hours is 

### based on an average ,or typical design heating requirement and the average or typical heating load hours. The design heating requirement is determined in the test procedures using 

### a value of output capacity (Qout) 

### for a particular furnace or vented heater. The heating load hours are determined using the standard 65° F 

### base. These determinations do not fully account for internal loads and tIie dy- namic nature of the heating flow of the structure. As 

### a consequence, the design heating requirements and heat load hours determined by these calculations tend to be larger than the actual heating loads required to be met by the heating appliances and, therefore, the burner operating hours and the annual energy consumption are over-estimated. NBS has reviewed much of the, technical information available on this subject; in particular, the information published by the American Society of Heating, Refrig- eration, and Air 

### Conditioriing Engineers (ASHRAE). DOE has adopted the NBS recommendation of including a constant adjustment factor in the furnace, vented heaters and unvented heater test procedures. This 

### adjustment factor will 

### ,improve the '1greement between the average calculated operating cost and the actual cost incurredby the consumer.

After reviewing data, NBS recommended, and DOE accepted'the value of 0.77 as the adjustment factor. This 

### ..,. RULES AND REGULATIONS is applied in 

### the deternlination of burner operating hours for fossil fueled units and in the determination of annual energy consumption for electric unit/I.

.

Also, some commenters criticized the assumed oversizing factor of 70 percent used in the calculation of burner operating hours. In 

### the field, many furnaces and vented heaters are con-' siderably more than 70 percent oversized. Consequently, they operate fewer hours, at a higher firing rate, than would less oversized furnaces or vented heaters. However, the oversizing 

### practices of the past are being moderated today because of an increasing awareness that oversized equipment is less efficient. Therefore, DOE believes the 70 percent oversizing factor is currently an appropriate factor to use in these calculation procedures.

.

These procedures provide a basis for comparing furnaces and vented heaters based 011 

### the design heat loss of the house. Consequently, a'larger capacity furnace or, vented heater will 

### show approJrimately the same cost of operation as a smaller furnace or vented heater'when each is compared for cost of operation at the same design heat loss, providing both have t!te same seasonal efficiency..

. 24. JACKET LOSS MEASUREMENT PROCEDtmE 

### One comment stated that the proce- dures used in the referenced ANSI 

### Standard fOJ: jacket loss measurement

. (PoNSI 

### Z21.47) would not properly evaluate the jacket loss of an underIrred boiler. ACcording'to the commenter, the most significant jacket loss of sucll boilers is through the bottom. As 

### an alternate method of determining this 

### jacket loss, he suggested 

### conducting a full thermal efficiency test as specified in other ANSI standards 

### for boilers. These standards measure and add the output energy, in the heated water at steady state oper- ation, to the flue loss, expressed as a percent of the total input, and 'SUbtractthis totalfrom 100percent.

The standards suggested by the commenter themselves do not measure jacket loss through the bottom. al

### though they do provide for determining 

### the total boiler jacket losses. These standards deduce jacket losses from a measured heat output. ,

A direct measure of the heat output of a furnace or vented heaterwould be considerably more difficult, and as yet has not been developed. Since the pro- posed procedure accurately measures fuel utilization efficiency for both furnaces and boilers, DOE has determined to retain the procedure origi- nally proposed for measuring jacket losses.
25. SIMPLIFICATION OF DATA COLLECTION Alm COMPUTATION ' 

### Several eommenters expressed concern over the lengthy and difficult cal-

, 

### culations and the many measurements contained in the proposed test proce· dures. The calcuiations as proposed were necessary to allow a fair compari· son of diverse centro.! heating equip· ment types end 

### produca reasonably realistic numerlcal results. Exfutin(! in· dustry test procedures measura steady state efficiencies. but do not account for eny part 103d or seasonal perform· ance effects. The additional datil. reo quirements of the .DOE test proce· dures are due 

### to the treatment of the part load and seasonal effects neces· sary to estimate annual operating costs and to give credit fOr equipment features that improve efficiency under partload conditioll3. '
26. MAlWJU, CALCULATIONS 

### The proposed test procedures were designed to 

### allow manual computation methods and included several tables and families of graphs. Several memo bers of industry attempted to carry 

### out the indicated calculations, using specific equipment examples and manual methods. Unsatisfactory results were reported in 

### terms of repea- tability, precision and manpower costs. Commenters noted that computers are generally ava.ilable and that their use as the normal computation method would be far more practical. DOE reoognizes the Validity 

### of these comments by induatry and 

### will nsnist 

### in the transformation from manual to computer procedure3. A 

### compuwr pr()oo gram 

### for the calculatioIl3, based 

### on the worr.shecl contaL'led in the 

### test procedures, is 

### available to all 

### interested parties in the DOE Public Reading Room, Freedom 

### of Information Office, Room 2107, 12th and Pennsylvania Avenue NW., 

### Washington, D.C. 20461

27. UTILIZATION EFFICIENCY BASED OU PRIMARY ENERGY 

### SOUROE ' One commenter believed it would be deceptive to the consumer to consider energy efficiency only at the point of use. The commenter stated that energy efficiency should bo doter· mined from the primarY energy source, i.e., the power plant.

Section 323(a)(4)(A) of the Aet requires DOE to prescribe test proce- dures for different consumer products for the determination of an estimated annual operating cost for each product and at least one other measure of energy consumption which DOE determines is likely to assist consumers in making purchasing decisions. DOE has determined the measures of energy consumption presoribed today will be useful to consumers and nre likely to assistthem in 

### making purohasing decisions. DOE does not consider it neces· sary to prescribe any additional measures of**en~rgy** 

### consumption at this

. time.
28. PROPANE**~ILOT** UTILIZATION 

### Comment was received from the liquid p'etroleum (LP) gas industry em·

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978

### phasizing their concern with any action which would preclude the use of gas 

### pilots on LP gas 

### fueled heaters. These test procedures do not preclude theuse ofpilots on LP gas 

### heaters.
29. COMPARISON,OF VENTED HEATERS AND FURNACES A 

### commenter stated the test proce- dures should allow for 

### a fair comparison of all types of heating equipment and therefore must be as consistent as possible among types.and still consider the different usage patterns and conditions of operation to which vented heaters and furnaces are exposed. The commimter suggested that 

### a correction factor could be applied to the vented heater calculation to account for these differences.

DOE has determined it appropriate to address vented heaters in the test procedures in the same way as furnaces, since the typical use of vented heaters is 

### as a primary heat source in 

### a home. Furthermore, DOE believes 

### a correction factor applied to the vented heater test procedures in order to refleet typical differences between annual' 

### cost of operation of vented heaters and furnaces couldbe mislead-

. ing. Such 

### a correction factor giving 

### higher annual 

### operating costs for furnaces might imply to a consumer that the seasonal efficiencies of furnaces are .generally lower than those of ventedheaters.
30. MISCELLANEOUS 

### After careful consideration of all of the comments and further consultation with NBS and :FTC, DOE has made some editorial and minor technical changes in the proposed test procedures that were not discussed above and incorporated them in the final rule prescribed today. C. REGULATIONS PREsCRIBED 1. TEST PROCEDURES 

### The 

### testprocedures for furnaces and vented home heating equipment prescribed today are included in subpart B and are substantially the same as those proposed, with the exception of the changes discussed above. As 

### with the proposed procedures, the methodology of the tests incorporate parts of the following standards: American National Standards' Institute (ANSI) Zll.182-1965 (R1971>, Z21.11.1-1974, Z21.13-1974, Z21.44-1973, Z21.47-1973, Z21.48-1976, Z21.49-1975, and Z91.1- 1972, Underwriters Laboratory (UL) 

### 729-1976, 730-1974, and 896-1973, Air 

### Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) 280-74, and The Hydronic Institute 

## em) "Testing and Rating Standard for Cast Iron and Steel Heating Boilers

- January 1977." These standards are used in the test procedures with additional methodology to determine energy consumption. 

### RULES AND REGULATIONS For PUrPoses of DOE's program, the incorporated standards remain applicable as presently written, regardless of any subsequent amendment of the ANSI, UL, 

### ARI, or ill 

### standards, 

### until further amendmentbyDOE. Copies of these standards are avallable for inspection at the DOE Public Reading Room.

Under the requirements of sectlon 32(c) of the Federal Energy Adm1nJ.s. tration Act of 1974 (15 U.s.C. 761 et seq:) as amended by section 9 

### of the Federal Energy Administration AuthorizationAct of 1977 (Pub. L. 

### 95-70), the Administrator of FEA

### Is to consult with the Attorney General and the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission concerning the impact on competition of any 

### rules prescribed by FEA 

### which utilize or incorporate any commercial standards. As 

### noted earlier, the Administrator's functions have been assumed by the Secretary of Energy.

Copies of the testproceduresforfurnaces and vented home heating equip. ment, which incorporate the abovementioned commercIal standards, have beentransmitted**t~** 

### the Attorney General and to the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission for their comments concerning the impact of such standards on competltIon, in accordance with sectlon 32(c). Neither official has any comments, nor do they recommend against the incorporation or use of these commercial standards in the final test procedures for furnaces and vented home heating equip. ment.
2. GENERAL PROVISIONS



### Also prescribed today are deflnltlons of "BasIc·model" with respect to furnaces and vented home heating equip. ment, "Direct vent system," "Electric central furnace," "Forced air 

### central furnace," "Furnace," "Gravity central furnace," "Low pressure steam or hot water boller," "Outdoor furnace or boller," "Vented home heating equip. ment," "Vented heater," ''Vented wall furnace," ''Vented floor furnace," and ''Ventedroom heater." The deflnltlons for furnaces and bollers were previous- ly proposed in subpart A issued July 28, 1977; (42 PH 40826, August 11, 1977). The deflnltIons for vented home heating equipment were previously proposed in subpart A issued August 22, 1977 (42 PH 43930 August 31, 1977). Comments which were received regarding these definitIons and the issues which theyraised have been dis

### cussed earlier in this notice.
3. APPLICATION OF TEST PROCEDURES 

### As 

### discussed previously, the final test procedures prescribed today must be applied before representations regarding a measure of energy consumptIon can be made. Because the purposes and needs of the dlfferent ele

## 20153
ments of the appliance program (e.g •• labeling, targets) vary, application of the standard test methodology pre- scrIbed today 

### may differ in some re- ' 

### spects for each program element_ It is 

### expected that instructions on how to apply the standard test methodology 

### to these other elements of the appliance program will 

### be proposed for commentin thenearfuture.

The requirements of §

### 430.24 (0) 

### and (0) 

### of the final 

### regulations apply until 

### such time as final labeling requirements for 

### a particular measure of energy consumption and the associated 

### test procedure applicationprovision 

### are prescribed. Afterthattime. 

### allrep. resentations regarding 

### a measure of energy consumption covered by a la

### beling rule must be 

### the same as represented onthelabeL D. UNIT COSTS OPENERGY 

### Under section 323(b)(2) of the Act, PEA is**t~** 

### provide manufacturers information as to the representative average unit costs 

### of energy. This 

### information was provided by· notice Issued July 11, 19'17 (42 PH 36549. July 15,1977).



## . E. PREEm>TION 

### Today's rulemaklngprescribing final 

### test procedures for furnaces and vented home heating equipment supersedes any State regulation to the extent required by sectIon 327 of the Act. Pursuant to section 327, all 

### State regulations which provide for the dis

### closure of information with respect to anymeasure of energy consumption of furnaces or vented·home heating equipment, or which provide for any energy efficiency standard or similar requirement with respect to energy ef

### ficiency or energy 

### use of furnaces or vented home heating equipment.must now employ test procedures identical to those specl!Ied intoday's final 

### rule_ CEneru Pollcy and Conservation Act. Pub. L. 9t-163, U amended by Pub. L. 94-385; Federal Energy 

### AdmInIstration Act 

### of 1974, Pub. L. 93-275, as amended by Pub. L. 94- 385; 

### E.O. 11790, 39 

### FR 23185 

### Department of Energy OrpnIzation

### Act. Pub. L. 95-9L)



### In 

### consideration of the foregoing, Part 430 of Chapter 

## n of Title 

## la, Code ofFederal RegulatIon, is 

### amended as setforthbelow, effective.

Issued in Washington, D.C.• May 2. 1978. WILLIA!ol P_ DAVIS, DeputyDirectoTof Administroticm. 

### 1. Section 430.2 is 

### amended by adding subparagraphs (14) and (15) as part of the definition of "basicmodel" and by adding in appropriate alphabetical order the definitIons of "direct vent system," 

### "electric boiler," "electric central furnace:' "forced air 

### central 

### furnace," "furnace," "gravity central 

### furnace," ''low pressure steam 

### or

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978

## 20154 hot waterboiler," "outdoor furnace or boiler," "vented home'heating equipment" or "vented heater," "vented floor furnace," "vented room heater," and "vented wall furnace," 

### to read as follows: § 

### 430.2 Def'mitions. 

# • • • 

# • "Basic model" means all units of a given type of covered product manufactured by one manufacturer and-

(14) with respect to furnaces, having the same primary energy source and essentially identical functional, physi- cal and electrical characteristics.

(15) with respect to vented home heating equipment, having the same primary energy source and essentially identical functional, physical and electrical characteristics. 

## • 

# • • • 

# • "Direct vent system" means a system supplied by a manufacturer which provides outdoor air 

### or air from an unheated space (such as an attic or crawl space) directly 

### to 'a furnace or vented heater for combustion and for

, -draft relief if

### the unit is equipped with a draft control device. '

"Electric boiler" means an electrically powered furnace designed 

### to supply low pressure steam or hot water for space heating application. A low pressure steam boiler operates at or below 15 pounds persquare inch gauge (pslg) steam pressure; a hot water boiler operates at or below 160 psig water pressure and 250· F water temperature.

"Electric central furnace" meaDs a furnace 'designed 

### to supply heat through a system of ducts with air as the heating medium, in which heat is generated by one or more electric resistance heating elements and the heated air is cirCulated by means of a Ian orblower.

i'Forced air central furnace" means ,a gas or oil burning furnace designed to supply heat through a system of ducts with air as the heating medium. The heat generated by combustion of gas or oil is transferred 

### to the air 

### \ within a casing by conduction through

heat exchange surfaces and is circulated through the duct system by means of a fan orblower.

"Furnace" means a device designed to be the principal heating source for the living space of a residence having a heat input rate less than 300,000 Btu's per hour for electric boilers and low pressure. steam or hot water boilers, or 225,000 Btu's per hour for forced air central furnaces, gravity central furnaces, and electric central furnaces.

"Gravity central furnace" means a gas fueled furnace which depends pri- marjly on naturaiconvectionfor circulation of heated air and which is de

### RULElS 'AND 

### REGULATIONS signed 

### to lIe used in conjunction with a system of ducts.

"Low pressure steam or hot water ]loiler" means an electric, gas or oil burning furnace designed to supply low pressure steam 

### or hot water for space heating application. A low pressure steam boiler operates at or below 15 pounds psig steam pressure; a hot water boiler operates ,at or below 160 psig water pressure and 250· F water temperatw"e.

"Outdoor furnace orboiler", is a furnace or boiler normally intended for installation**ou~f-doors** 

### or in an unheated space (such as an attic or a crawl space).

"Vented home heating equipment" or "vented heater'" means a class of home heating equipment, not including furnaces, designed 

### to furnish warmed air to the living space of a residence, directly from the device, without duct connections (except that boots not to exceed 10 inches beyond the casing may be permitted) and includes: vented wall furnace, vented floor furnace, and vented room heater.

"Vented floor furnace" means a selfcontained vented heater suspended from the floor of the space being heated, taking air for combustion from outside this space. The vented floor furnace supplies heated air ciroulated by gravity or by a fan directly into the space to be heated through openings in the casing. •

"Vented room heater" means a selfcontained, free standing, nonrecessed, 'vented heater for furnishing warmed air 

### to the space in which it is installed. 

### The vented room heater supplies heated air 

### circulated by gravity or by a fan**dire~tly** 

### into the space 

### to be 

### heated through openings in the casing.

"Vented wall furnace" means a selfcontained vented heater complete with grilles orthe equivalent, designed for incorPora.tion in, or permanent attachment 1;0, 

### a wall of a residence and furnishing heated air circulated by gravity or by a fan directly into the space 

### to be heated through openings in

### the casing.

2. Section 430.22 is amended by adding paragraphs (n) and (0), 

### to read**'~follows:** § 

### 430.22 Test procedures for measures of energy consumption.

. 

## • 

# • • • (n) 

### Furnaces. (1) 

### The estimated annual operating cost for furnaces is the sum of (i) 

### the product of the average annual fuel energy consumption, in Btu's per year for gas or oil furnaces or inkilowatt-hours per year for electric furnaces, determined according 

### to 4.8 or4.10 of appendix N of this subpart, respectively, and the representative average unit 

### cost in dollars 

## ,

per Btu for gas"or oil, or dollars per kilowatt-hour for electric, as appropriate, as provided pursuant to section 323(b)(2) of the Act, plus (li) 

### the product of the average annual auxUlary electric energy consumption in kUowatt-hours per year, determined according to 4.9 of appendix N 

### of this subpart, and the representative average unit cost in dollars per kilowatthour as provided pursuant to section 323(b)(2) of the Act, the resulting sum then being rounded off to the nearest dollar peryear. 0



### (2) The annual fuel utilization efficiency for furnaces, expressed in percent, is the ratio of annual output of useful energy delivered to the heated space to the annual fuel energy input to the furnace determined according 

### to 4.2.33 of appendix N 

### of this subpart for gas and oU furnaces and determined in accordance with 4.1 of nppondix N 

### of this subpart for electric iurnaces.

(3) The estimated regional annual operating cost for furnaces is the sum of (i) 

### the product of the regional annual fuel energy consumption in Btu's per year for gas or oil furnaces or in kilowatt-hours per year for electric furnaces, determined according to 4.12 and 4.14 of appendix N 

### of this subpart. respectively, and the representative average unit cost in dollars per Btu for gas or oil. or dollars per kilowatt-hour for electric, as appropriate, as provided pursuant to section 323(b)(2) of the Act, plus (li) 

### the product of the regional auxUiary electrical energy consumption in kilowatt-hours per year, determined according to 4.13 of appendix N 

### of this subpart, and the .representative average unit cost in·dollars 

### per kilowatt-hour as provided pursuant to section 323(b)(2) of the Act, the resulting sum then being rounded off to the nearest dollar peryear.

(4) Other useful measures of energy consumption for furnaces shnll be those measures of energy consumption which the Secretary of Energy determines are likely to assist consumers in making purchasing decisions and which are derived from the application of appendix N of this subpart.

(0) 

### vented home heating equipment. (1) 

### The estimated annual operating cost. for vented home heating equip. ment is the sum of (i) 

### the product of the average annual fuel energy consumption in Btu's per year, determined according to 4.7 of appendix 0 

### of this subpart, and the representative average unit cost in dollars perBtu for gas or oil, as appropriate, as provided by the Administrator, plus (if) 

### the product of the average annual auxiliary 

### electric energy consumption in kilowatt-hours per year, determined according to 4.8 of appendix 0 

### of this subpart, and the representative average unit cost in dollars per kilowatthour as provided by the Adminlstra·

FEDERAL REGISTER,**VOI~** 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1918

### tor, the resulting sum rounded off to thenearest dollarperyear.

(2) The annual fuel utilization efficiency for vented,home heating equipment, expressedinpercent, is 

### theratio of annual output of useful energy de-' livered to the heated space to the annualfuel energy input to the vented heater determined according to 4.1.33 ofAppendix 0 

### ofthis subpart:-

(3) The estimated regional annual operating costs for vented home heating equipment computed for different typical design. heating requirements is 

### the sum of (i) 

### the product of the regional annual fuel energy consump- tion for the typical design. heating requirement being used, in Btu's per year for gas 

### or oil vented heaters determined according to 4.10 of Appendix 0 

### of this subpart, and the representative average unit cost in dollars per Btu for gas 

### or oil, as appropriate, as proviqed by the Administrator plus (li) 

### the product of the regional annual auxiliary electrical energy consumption in kilowatt-hours per year determined according to 4.11., 

### as appropriate, of Appendix 0 

### of this subpart, and the representative average unit cost in dollars per kilowatt-hour as provided-by the Administrator, the resulting 

### sum then being rounded off to thenearestdollar peryear.

(4) Other useful measures of energy consumption for vented home heating equipment shall be those measures of energy consumption which the Administrator determines are likely to assist consumers in making purchasing decisions and which are derived from the application of Appendix 0 

### of this subpart.

. 3. Section 430.24 is 

### amended by adding paragraphs (n) and (0) to read as follows: §430.24 Representations regarding measures ofenergy consumption.



# • • 

# • • 

# • (n) Furnaces. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (n)(3) of this section, no manufacturer, distributor, retailer, or private labeler of furnaces may make any 

### representation with respect to or based upon a measure"or measures of energy consumption described in §

### 430.22(n) unless a sample of sufficient size of each basic model for which suchrepresentation is 

### made has been tested in accordance with appli- cable provisions of this subpart such that for each such measure of energy consumption, there is 

### 95 

### percent confidence that the true mean of such measures of the basic model lies within ±5 percent of the mean of such measures ofthe sample.

(2) The sample selected for para- graph (n)(1) of this section is 

### to be comprised of units which are production units, orarerepresentative ofpro

### RULES AND REGULATIONS duction units, of the basic model being test.ed.

(3) Whenever a rule applicable to furnaces is 

### prescribed under Section 324 of the Act, this paragraph (n) shallnot apply to any 

### label covered by such rule, and all representations of any 

### measure of energy consumption covered by such rule shall be identical to the measure of' energy consumption of the labeL

. (0) Vented home heating equipment. 

### (1) except as provided in 

### paragraph (0)(3) of this section, no manufacturer, distributor, retailer, or prIvate Iabeler of vent.ed home heating equipment may make any 

### representation with re

### spect to or based upon 

### a measure or measures of energy consumption described in 

### Section 430.22(0) unless 

### a sample of sufficient size 

### of each basic model for which such representation is 

### made has been tested in 

### accordance with applicable provisiOns of this subpart such that for each such measure of energy consumption, there is 95 

### percent confidence that the true mean of such measures of the basic model lies within ±5 

### percent of the mean of such measures ofthe sample.

(2) The sample selected for para- graph (0)(1) of this section Is 

### to be comprised of units which are productionunits, or are representative ofproduction units, of the basIc model being tested.

(3) Whenever 

### a rule applicable to vented heaters Is 

### prescribed under Section 324 of the Act, this paragraph (0) shall not apply to any 

### label covered by such rule, and all 

### representations of any 

### measure of energy consumption covereq,by suchrule shallbe 

### identical to the measure of energy consumption onthe labeL

(4) SubpartB ofPart430 Is 

### amended to add Appendices N 

### and 0, 

### to read 

### as follows:
APPENDIX N-UNIFORK TEsr M!:mOD FOIt

MEAsURING THE ENERGY COHSt1KPrlOH or FuRNACES 1.0 Definitions. 1.1 "Steady·state conditions" means equI· llbrium conditions as indicated by temperature variations of not more than 3' P (1.'1' C) In the stack gas temperature for unIts equipped with Integral. draft dIverters, or not more than 5' P (2.8' C) In !lue gas temperature for unIts equipped with draft hoods, barometric draftregulators. or d1rect vent systems, In three liUcces.s1ve temperature readIngs taken 15 minutes apart.

1.2 "Steady·state conditions for low pres- sure steam and hot water boDers" means steady-state conditions as defined In 1.1 above and variations of not more than t' P (2.2' C) In the outlet water temperature for hot water boUers In three liUccess1ve read· ings taken 15 minutes apart.

1.3 "Flue gases" means all gases In the !lue during the duration or combustion In the combustion chamber, includingreaction products, Inerts and any excess alr.

1.4 "Excess air" means air whJch pa.sses through the combustion chamber and the**rurn~** !lues In excess of that whJch 

### Is 

## 20155 theoretIcally required for complete combustIon.

.

1.5 "Flue" means It conduit between the !lue outlet of the rurnace and the Integral draft dIverter, draft hood. barometric draft regulator, vent termInal, or any other POint ofdraftrelIef.

1.6 ''Furnace outIet" means the opening provided In a furnace forthe exhaust ofthe !lue gasesfrom.the combustionchamber.

1.'1 "Flue losses" means the sumof sensible and latent heat losses above room temperature of the !lue gases leaving the fur- 

### nace.

1.8 "Stack" means the portIon of the 

### exhaust system downstream of the draft dIverter, draft hood orbarometric draft regulator.

1.9 "Stack pres" means the mIxture of the !lue p..ses and air that enters at the draft dIverter, draft hood. Integral**draf~di** verler, orbarometricdraftregulator.

1.10 "Barometric draftregulator orbarometric damper" means a device designed 

### to maintain 

### a constant draft In a furnace or boDer.

1.11 "Ajr shutter" means an adjustable device for \-arying the size of the primary air lnIetCs) to the combustIon chamber or powerburner.

1.12 "Power burner" means It furnace burnerwhJch supplles airfor combustion at 

### a Pre5SUre exceeding atmospheriC pressure, or 

### a burner whJch depends on the draft induced by 

### a fan Incorporated In the furnace lorproperoperation.

1.13 "Ventllmlter" means 

### a device which lImIts the 1low of air from the atmospheriC diaphragm chamber of 

### a gas pressure regulator 

### to the atmosphere. A vent llmlter may be a llmltlng orifice orotherllmltIng device.

1.14 ''Vent/alr Intake tennIna!" means a. device whJch 

### Is located on the outside of a. buUdlng and Is connected to a. furnace by a. system of conduit.!. It Is composed of an air Intake termlnal. through whJch the all- for combustion Is taken from the outside atmosphere, and an exhAust tennlnal from whJch 1lue p.ses

### are dIscharged.

1.15 "ResIstance heatfngelement" means the electrical conducting medium whJch Is Intended 

### to be heatedby 

### an electric 

### current and whJch dIssIpates thIs heat Into the air orwater.

1.16 "Induced draft" means drawing air Into the combustionchamberbymechanical 

### means.

1.1'1 "Plenum" means an air compartment, that Is attached to, or Is an Integral part of a forced airfurnace andwhich Is designed 

### to eIther dIstribute the heated air after It leaves the heat exchanger In the case of a IiUpply plenum. or conects the air whJch enters the return lnIet Inthe case of a returnplenum.

1.18 ''HeatInput" (Q.,.) means therateof energy IiUppUed In a fuel to a. furnace, oper- ating under steady 

### state conditions. 

### expreued In Btu's per hour. It Includes any Input energy 

### to the pOot llght and Is obtained by multiplying the measured rate cif fuel consumption by the measured hJgher heatingvalue ofthefueL

1.19 ''Draft hood" means a device that Is not an Intei1'&! part.of thefurnace orboiler, and whJch Is connected to the furnace or bonerby a shortlength of !luepIpe. It IsdesJgned 

### to (1) provide for the exhaust of the products of combustion In the event of no draft, back draft, or stoppage beyond the draft hood. (2) prevent a back: "draft from entering the furnace. and (3) neutrallze the eUect of stack action of the chImney or gas ventuponthe operationof thefurnace.

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL '43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978

## 20156
1.20 "Higher heating value" (HHV) 

### means the heat produced per unit of fuel when complete' combustion ,takes place at ' constant pressure and the products of com· bustion are cooled to the initial temperature of the fuel and air" and when the water vapor formed during combustion is con· densed. The higher heating value is ex- pressed in Btu's per pound, Btu's per cubic foot for gaseous fuel, or Btu's per gallon for liquid fuel.

1.21 "Integral draft dIverter" means a device that is an Integral part of a furnace and which is designed to (1) provide for the exhaust of the products of combustion In the event of no draft, back draft, or stop· page beyond the draft dIverter, (2) prevent a back draft from entering the furnace, (3) neutralize the effect of stack action of the chimney or gas vent upon the ol1eratlon of the"furnace.

.

1.22 "Stack damper" is a device fnstalled downstream of the integral draft dIverter, draft hood, or barometric draft< regulator and which is designed to automatically open tlie venting system when the appliance is In operation and to automatically close off the venting system when the appliance is in a standby condition.

1.23 "Flue damper" is a device installed between the furnace and the Integral draft dIverter, draft hood, barometric draft regu· lator or vent terminal. on a unit, not equipped with a draft control device and which is designed to automatically open the venting system when the appliance is in op· eration and to automatically close-off the venting system when the appliance is in a standby condition.

1.24 "AIr tube" means a tubewhich car· ries combustion air from the fan to the burnernozzle for combustion:.

1.25 "Infiltration parameter" means that portion of unconditioned outside air drawn Into the .heated space as a consequence of loss of ,conditioned air through the exhaust system of a furnace orboller. '

1.20 "Vent pipe" means passages and oonduits In a direct vent system through whioh gases pass from the combustion chamber to the outdoor air.

1.27 "Heating capacity" (Qout) means the rate of useful heat output from a furnace. operating under steady state conditions.**e~** pressed In Btu's per hour. For furnaces in· ; teIl.ded to be installed Indoors It is obtained

by multiplying the "heatInput" (QIn) by the steady state efficiency (1)

..

## >divided by 100. For furnaces Intended to be installed outdoors It is obtained by multiplying (A) the "heat Input" (QIn) by (B) the difference of the steady state efficiency divided by 100 and the quantity (3.3) (LI ) divided by 100, where LJ is the jacket loss as determined In 3.4 of this appendix.

2.0 Testing conditions. 2.1 Installation 

### 0/ 

### test plenum, duct work, andpiping. ,

2.1.1 Gravity central furnaCes (including direct vent systems). Install and equip grav- ity central furnaces with a vertical supply test plenum or extended casing and horizon· tal test ducts as described In section 2.9.1 of ANSI Standard Z21.47-1973.

2.1.2 Forced'air central furnaces (lnclud· Ing direct vent systems). Equip gas·fueled forced air central furnaces with a plenum and test duct as described In Sections 2.1.9 and '2.1.10 of ANSI Standard Z21.47-1973. Equip oll fueled forced air c;entral furnaces with a plenum !1lld 

### test duct as described in Section 6.2 of ANSI StandardZ91.1-1972.

2.1.3 Low pressure steam and hot water bollers <including direct vent systems). In· 

### RULES AND REGULATIONS
stall gas-fueled low pressure steam ana hot water bollers as prescribed In section 2.9 of ANSI Standard Z21.13-1974. Install oll· fueled low pressure steam and hot water bollers as prescribed In sections 7.0 and 8.1.1 through 8.1.3 of the HydronIc Institute Testing and Rating Standard for Cast Iron and Steel HeatingBollers. January 1977 edi· tion.

2.1.4 Electric central furnaces. IristalI equipment for 

### testlni in acCordance with ARI Standard 280-74. section 4 andfigure 1.

2.1.5 Electricbollers. , Install· equipment In accordance with manufacturer'sinstructions.

2.2 Flue and StackRequire1nents , 2.2.1 Gravity and Forced air central fur· naces. 2.2.1.1 Gravity and gas fueled forced air central furnaces employing Integral draftdiverters.

Attach to. and vertically above. the di· verter outlet of gas fueled gravity and forced air central furnaces employing draft dIverters with vertically discharging outlets. a test stack having 

### a- length of five (5) feet and 

### a- cross sectional area the same size as the furnace outlet. Cciver the teSt stackwith insulation having 

# an R value of not less than 7 ("F-HR-ft"/Btu) and an outer layer of aluminum foil. Attach 

### a- 90 degree elbow and 

### a- vertical 

### test stack 5 feet long to the diverter outlet of furnaces employing draft diverters with horizontally discharging outlets. Cover the elbow and 

### test stack with in· sulatlon having an R value of not less than 7 ('F-HR-ft 2/Btu) and an outer layer of aluminum foiL

2.2.1.2 Gm; fueled.gravity and forced air central furnaces which employ draft hoods. Test gaS fueled gravity and forced air cen· tral furnace:1 which employ draft hoods having vertically discharging outlets with the draft hood 

### iIi place and a five foot long insulated pipe attached to the hood outlet. -Test,gas fueled furnaces having 

### a- horizon:. tiilly discharging hood outlet. with the draft hood in place and an insulated elbow and a five foot long vertical insulated pipe attached to the hood outlet. Insulate.with in· sulation having an 

### R value not less than 7 ('F-HR-ft'/Btu) and an outerlayer of aluminum foll. Use an elbow and pipe with 

### a- cross sectional area the- same sIze as the hood discharge outlet.

2.2.1.3 Oil fueled forced air central fur· naces.

Flue connections,for oll fueled forced air central furnaces are to be as described in Figures 1 and 2 of ANSI Standard Z91.1- 1972. Use elbows and flue connections with the same cross sectional area as the furnace outlet and covered as described in Figure 2 of ANSI Standard Z91.1-1972 with insulation having an R value not less than 7 <"FHR-ft'/Btu) and'an outer layer of alumi· num foil. Allow no openingbetween the fur· nace and the point where the flue gas

, sample is to be taken or the flue gas tem·

perature is 

### to be measured. If a barometric draft regulator is incorporated in the fur· nace, seal it during all tests.

2.2.2 Gas and oil fueled low pressure steam and hot water bollers (not Including direct vent systems). Set up gas fueled low pressure steam and hot water bollers em·- ploylng draft diverters with the same flue and stack arrangement described In section 2.2.1.1 for gas fueled furnaces with draft di· verters.

Set up gas fueled low pressure steam and hot water bollers employing draft hoods with ihe same flue and stack arrangement described in section 2.2.1.2 for gas fueled furnaces with draft hoods. Flue connecUons for oll fueled low pres- sure steam and hot water bollers are tho same as those described in section 2.2.1.3 for oil fueled forced air central fUrnaces.

2.2.3 Directvent systems. Keep tho vent/ air intake System supplied by tho manUfacturer in place during all tests. Test 

### uniwin· tended for installation with a variety of vent pipe lengths with the minimum vent length recommended by the manUfacturer. Do not connect 

### a- furnace or boller employIng 

### a- direct vent system to a chimney or in· duced draft source. Vent combustion products solely on the provision of venting incorporated in the furnace and the vcnt/air intake system supplied with it. On units which are not designed to significantly preheat the incoming air. insulate the firot 18 inches of vent pipe downstream of tho fur· nace outlet with a layer ofinsulation llaving an R value of 7 ('F-HR-fto/BtU) covered with a layer of aluminum foll. Care should be taken not to block the air intake with insulation. For units designed to significantly preheat the incoming combustion air cover all surfaces of the vent/air intake system exposed to ambient air with insulation having an R value not less than 7 ('F-HRft 2

/Btu) and a layer of aluminum foll, Where the combustion air temperature exceeds tho room temperature by more than 30' F <10.70 C').

2.3 Fuel supplv. 2.3.1 Natural gas. For a furnace utiUzlng natural gas. maintain the gns supply to tho unit under test. at a normal inlet test pres· sure of 7 to 10 inches water column immedi· ately ahead of all controls. Maintain tho Tegulator outlet pressure at normal test pressure approximMely at that recommended by the manufacturer. Use natural gns having a specific gravity of approximately 0.65 and a higher heating value within ±5% of 1025 Btu per standard cubio foot. Dotormine the actual higher heating valuo in Btu's per standard cubic foot for the natu· ral gas to be used 

### in the test with 

### im errol' no greater than one percent.

2.3.2 Propane gas. For a furnaco erboUer utllizing propane gns, maintain the gas supplY' to the unit under test at a normal inlet pressure of 11 to 13 inohes water column. Immediately ahead of all controltl maintain the regulator outlot pressure. on units so equipped. approximately at that recommended by the manUfacturor. Use propane HD-5 having a speclfio gravity 01 approximately, 1.53 and a higher heating value within ±5% of 2500 Btu's per stnnd· ard cubic foot. Determine the actual higher heating value in Btu's per standard oubio foot for the propane to bo used in tho test with an error no greater than ono percent.

2.3.3 Other test gas. The speclfio gravity of other test gases shall approximate tho values given in Table IX of ANSI Stnndard Z21.47-1973. Maintain the test pressures im· mediately ahead of all controls betwellli tho "normal" and "increased" values 01 test pressures given in Table X in the ANSI Standard. Use cas with a measured higher

. heating value within ±5% of the values

specified In Table IX of ANSI Standard Z21.47-1973. Determine the aotual higher heating .value of the gas used in the test with an errorno greater than 1 percent.

2.3.4 Oll supply. For a furnace or boUor utlllzfng fuel oil. use fuel oil No.1 or No.2 conforming to the specifications outlined in Tables 2 and 3 of ANSI Standard ZOl.l1972. Measure the higher heating ValUo of the test fuel oil With an error no greater than one percent.

fEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 43, NO.**91-wi:Dt~ESDAY,** MAY 10, 19782.3.5 Electrical supply. For an electric furnace orboiler. orfor an auxiliary electric component of a gas or oil fueled furnace or boiler. maintain the electrical supply to the test unit within one percent of the name- plate voltage for the entire duration of the 

### test. Ifa voltage range isusedfor nameplate voltage. maintain the electrical supply within one percent of the center of the nameplatevoltage range.



### 2.4 Burneradjustments. 2.4.1 Gas Burner adjustments. Adjust burners of gas fueled furnances orboilers to their maximum Btu ratings at normal test pressure specifiedin 2.3 ofthis Section. Correct the burner input rate to 60' F and 30 inches of mercury barometric pressure and within ±2 percent of the hourly Btu rating specified by the manufacturer. as measured after 15 minutes of operation starting with all parts of the furnace at room temperature. Setthe primary air shutters in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendation.to give a goodflame atthis adjustment. If. however, the settingresults in the depositofcarbon during any 

### test specified herein, the tester shall adjust the shutters and burners until no more carbon is deposited and shall perform the tests again with the new settings.

If 

### a vent limiting means is provided on a gas pressure regulator. keep it in place during all tests.

-

2.4.2 Oil burner adjustments. Adjust the burners of oil fueled furnaces or boilers ,to give the CO. reading recommended by the manufacturer and an hourly Btu input duringthe steady·state performance test described below which is within plus or minus 2 percent of the furnace manufacturer's specified normal hourly Btu input rating. Smoke in the flue may not exceed a No.1 smoke during the steady-state performance test as measured by the procedure in ANSI Standard Zll.182-1965 (R1971> (American Societyfor Testing and MaterialsD 2156-65 (1970». Maintain the average draft over the fire and in the flue during the steady·state performance 

### test at that rewmmended by the 'manufacturer. Do not allow draft fluctuations exceeding 0.005 inches of water gauge. Do not make additional adjustments to the burner during the required series of performance tests. The instruments and measuring apparatus for this test are desonDed in section 6.3 of ANSI Standard Z91.1-1972.

2.5 Circulating 

### air, steam, or water flow 

### adjustments.

2.5.1 Gas fueled forced air central fur

## naces (including directventSystens).

Adjust the external staticpressure arid air

- flow rate as specified in sections 2.1.11. 2.1.12. and 2.1.13 of ANSI Standard Z21.47-, 1973. Measure outlet air temperature in ac- cordance with section 2.1.9 of the same standard.

2.5.2 Gravity central furnaces (including direct vent systems). Maintain the air flow rate through the furnace such that the average normal air temperature rise at steady-state isnot greater than 130'F above the inlet air temperature when the furnace is equipped with the vertical 

### test plenum of extended casing and horizontal test ducts as described in section'2.1.1. Measure the outlet air temperature as specified in sec- tion 2.9.1 of ANSI Standard Z21.17-1973. Measure theinlet air temperature measured at the center of the plane of each inlet air opening by means of a single No. 24 Ameri- can Wire Gauge CAWG) thermocouple. suitably shieldedfrom directradiation.**",J~H** AND 

### REGULATIONS
2 5 3 OU fueled forced air central fur- 

### naces (including direct vent systems). Adjust the external static pressure and air flow rate as specIfIed in table 5 and section 6.2 ofANSI StandardZ9l.1-1972.

2.5.4 Gas and on fueled low pressure steam and hot water boners (Including direct vent systems). For hot water boDers. adjust the water flow rate to produce a water temperature rise. during steady·state operation, of between 120' F (48.9 C) and 165' F (73.9 C) and an outletwatertemperature of 200' F (93.3 C) plus or minus 5' F (2.8 C). For steam boilers. conduct the steady·state performance test described in 3.1 at atmospheric pressure or at 

### a pressure not exceeding 2 pslg.

2.5.5 Electric central furnaces. Use the air quantity and pressures specified by the Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute CARr) Standard 280-74. section 6.2.1 and 6.2.3.

2.5.6 Electric boUers. Adjust the flow of water or steam as specified in section 2.5.4 for gas and onfueledboUers.

, 2.6 Location 

### oJ temperature measuring 

### instrumentation.

2.6.1 Gas fueled gravity furnaces. forced air furnaces, and boners (including direct ventsystems). Forunits employing an intergraI draft dIverter. install nine thermocouples. wired in parallel. in 

### a horizontal plane in the 5-foot test stack located 1 foot from the test stack inlet. Equalize the length of all thermocouple leads before paralleling. Arrange the thermocouples in 

### a grid with one thermocouple in the center of the test stack, and eight thermocouples along ImAginary lines intersecting at right angles in the horizontal plane at points one-third and two-thirds of the distance betweeen the centerof thepipe and thepipe wall.

For units which employ 

### a draft hood. or 

### a direct vent system which does not slgnUlcanUypreheatthe incomingcombustion air. install nine thermocouples. wired in parallel. in a horizontal plane located within 12 inches (304.8 rom) of the furnace or boUer outlet. and 

### upstream of the draft hood on units 

### so equipped. Equalize thelength of all thermocouple leads before paralleling and arrange the thermocouples 

### as described above.

For funaces or boners which employ direct vent systems that signIficantly preheat the incoming combustion air. install nine thermocouples. wired in parallel. in & plane parallel to andlocated within 6 Inches <152.4 mm) of the vent/air 

### lntnke terminal. Equalize the length of all thermocoupleleads before paralleling and arrange the thermocouples as described above.

Use bead·type thermocouples**ha~** wire size not greater than No. 24 AWG. If there is a possibility thatthe thermocouples could receive direct radiation from the flame. install radiation shields on the flame side of the thermocouples onlY and position the shields 

### so that they do not touch the thermocouplejunctions.

Locate the thermocouples used for meas- uring conditioned 

### warm air 

### as described in ANSI Z21.47-1973. sections 2.1.9 and 2.9.1. Measure the temperature of the inlet air by means of a. single No. 24 AWG bead·type thermocouple. suitably shielded from direct radiation and located in the center of the plane ofeachinletairopening.

Measure the inlet and outlet water 

### temperature on gas fueled hot water boDers as shown in figure 3 ofANSI StandardZ21.13- 1974.



### 2.6.2 

## au fueled forced air central fur- naces and boUer3 (including direct

### t:ent SNI

## 20157 terns). Install nine thermocouples. wired in parallel and hamg equal length leads. in a plane perp€ll;llcularto the axis of the flue pipe.Forsystems otherthan direcl;ventsystems which slgnUfcantlypreheattheincoming air. locate this plane at the position of the single thermocouple shown in figure 2 of ANSI Standard Z91.1-19-72. For direcl; vent systems which significantly preheat the incoming air. locate the plane within 6 inches <152.4 mm) ofthe outletoftheventi airintake terminal. Arrangethethermocouples as described in section 2.6.1-

Use bead·type thermocouples having a wire sIze not greater than No. 24 AWG_ If there isa poafbilitythatthethermocouples could reeelve direct radiation from the flame. install radiation shieldson the flame slde of the thermocouples only andposition, the shields 

### so that they do not touch the thermocouplejunctions.

Locate the thermocouples for measuring conditioned 

### warm air

### as described in section 6.2 of ANSI Standard Z91.1-1972. Measure the temperature oftheinletairbymeans of 

### a single thermocouple. suitably shielded from direcl; radiation and located in the center of the plane of each inlet air opening.

Measure the inlet and outlet water 

### temperatures on on fueled hot water boilers as
- described in section 7.4 and fIgure 2 of the January 19'17 edItlon of the Hydronic Institute Standard ''Testing and Rating Standard for Cast Iron and steel Heating Boil

### ers."

2.6.3 Electric f'Kmaca. Install nine thermocouples, wired in parallel and having equal length leads. 

### as shown in figure 1 of ARt Standard 280-74. for measurIng the conditioned warm air temperature. Establlsh the temperature of the inlet air by means of & slngle thermocouple suitably shielded from radiation and located In thecenter of the plane of each inlet air opening. Use bead-type thermocouples having 

### a wire sizenotgreaterthanNo. 24AWG_

2.6.4 Electric boUen. Measure the inlet and outlet water temperatures on electric hotwaterooUers as speclfiedin section2.6.2 for onfueledhot.waterboilers.

2.7 

### Combustion measurement irutrumen

### tation. Analyze the samples of stack and flue gases for furnaces and determine the concentration by volume of carbon dioxide presentin the 

### dr.Y stack or1luegas.with instnunentation providing readings with an accuracyof±0.1percentagepoints.

2.8 Energyflow 

### imtrumentation. IDstall one ormore instnunents.whichmeasure. as appropriate. the rate of electrical energy combustion, gas flow. orfuel on SllPplled to the furnace or boiler. with an error no greaterthanonepercent.

2.9 l«lom 

### ambient temperature. DurIng the time period required to perform all the**t~** and measurement procedures specIfied In sectfon 3.0. maintain the room temperature within ±5"F (+2.8 C) ofthe value Tu measured during the steady state performance test. DurIng these 

### tests. the room temperature may not exceed 100· F (37.8 C) or fall below 65' F <18.3 C). Use the procedure ouUlned in section 2.1.14 of ANSI StandardZ21.47-1973 to measureroomtem

### perature.

2.10 Equipment 1l.!ed 

### to measure ma.u flow JUte influe ancl alack. The tracer gas chosen for this task should have a density which isless than orapproximately equalto the density of air. Use a gas that. Is ofa different chemlcal specIes or dl!!erent concen- tration from the flue gas to be measured

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1918

## 20158
and unreactive with the environment to be encountered. Using Instrumentation of either the batch or continuous type, meas- ure the concentration of tracer gas wIth an accuracy of ±2 percent of the value of the concentration measured.



### 3.0 Testing and measurements. 3.1 steady-state testing. 3.1.1 Gas

### fueled gravityfurnaces. forced aircentralfurnaces, and low pressure steam and hot water boilers (including direct vent systems). The following procedure is to be used for gas fueled gravity furnaces, forced air central furnaces, and boilers (including direct vent systems).

Set up the furnace or boUer as specifIed In sections 2.1., 2.2, and 2.3. Begin the steadystate performance test by operating the, burner and the Circulating air blower or water pump, with the adjustments specified by 2.4.1 and 2.5, until steady-state conditions are attained as Indicated by a temperature variation of not more than-(1) 3' F (1.7C) In the stack gas temperature for fur- naces and boilers equipped with draft diverters (2) 5' F (2.8C) In the flue gas temperature for furnaces and boilers equipped with either draft hoods, or direct vent systems, and (3) 4' F (2.2C) In the outlet water temperature for hot water boilers; In three successive readings taken 15 minutes apart.

On units employing draft diverters, meas- ure the room temperature (TRA) as described In 2.9 and measure the steady-state stack gas temperature (T •.ss.x) using the nine thermocouples located In the 5 foot test stack as described In 2.6.1."Secure a sample of the stack gases In the plane where T

.....x is measured and determine ,the concentration

-by volume of carbon dioxide 

### (Xco

...) present In dry stack gas.

On units employing draft hoods or direct vent Systems, measure the room temperature (TRA) as described In 2.9 and measure the steady-state flue gas temperature, 

### (TF•SS• X) 

### using the nine thermocouples located in the flue pipe as described'in Section 2.6.1. Secure a sample of the flue gas in the plane of temperature measurement and determine the concentration by volume of C02CX CO,.F) 

### present in dry flue gas.

Detcrmlne the steady-state heat Input rate (QID)' including pilot gas, by multiply- Ing the measured higher heating value of the test**~** by the steady-state gas Input rate corrected to standard conditions of 60' F and 30 Inches of mercury. Use measured values of gas temperature and pressure at the meter and the barometric pressure to correct the metered gas flow rate to standard conditions.

Measure the steady·state electric power to the power burner (PE) on units so equipped. For furnaces, measure the steady-state electrical power to the conditioned air blower (BE). For hot water boilers, use a steady state water pump power of 0.13kW.

After the above test measurements have been complete on units employing Integral draft diverters, secure a sample of the flue gases at the lnIet to the draft diverter and determine the concentration of CO, (Xco..p) present. In obtaining this sample of flue gas, move the sampling probe around to assure that an average value is obtained for, the CO. concentration. Forunits with multi- 'pIe heat exchanger outlets, draw and weIght a sample from each outlet, to'obtain the average CO. concentration for the unit. Block the draft diverter relief opening and cover the draft dlverter and flue gas collection box (on a power vented unit) with insulation having an R value no less than 7 ('F

### RULES AND REGULATIONS HR-ft'/Btu) and an outer layer of alumi- numfoil. Ifthe unit is turned off during the process of blocking the diverter relief open- Ing, run It wltil steady-state conditions (as defined above) are again achieved. Progressively restrict the test stack outlet until the concentration of CO. In flue gaS samples se-' cured from the test stack In the plane where' Ts....x was measured is within ±0.2 percentage points of the previouSly determined value·of Xco.••• Measure the flue gas temperature (Tp•lIS) using the nine thermocouples located In the 5 foot test stack as described In 2.6.1.

3.1.2 Oil fueled forced air central fur- naces and low pressure steam and hot water boilers (including' direct vent systems). Set up!and adjust the furnace or boiler as specI- fied In sections 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3.4. Begin the steady-state performance test by oper!Ltlng the burner and the circulating air blower or water pump with the'adjustments specified by 2.4.2 and 2.5 until steady-state conditions are attained as Indicated by a temperature variation of not more than-(1) 5' F (2.8C) In the flue gas temperature for furnaces and boilers and (2) 4' F (2.2C) In the outlet water temperature for hot water boilers; In three successive readings taken"15 minutes apart.

Smoke In the flue for units equipped with power burners, may not exceed a No. 1 smoke during the steady-state performance test as measured by the procedure described In ANSI St:mdard ZI1.182-1975 (RI971> (ASTM D 2156-65 (1970». MaIntaIn the average draft over the fire and In the breeching dw.:Ing**~he** steady-state perform- ance test at that recommended by the man- ufacture:t:. Draft fluctuations may not exceed 0.005 Inches of water gauge.

Measure the room temperature (TRA) as described In 2.9 and measure the steady' state flue gas temperature (Tv

...

) using nine thermocnuples'located In the flue pipe as described In 2,6.1. Secure a sample of the flue gas In the plane of temperature mea· surement and determine the concentration by volume of CO. (Xco...) presentIn dry flue gas. •

Measure and record the steady-state heat Input rate (Q'D) and the steady-state electrical power to the power burner (PE) on units so equipped. For furnaces, measure the steady-state electrical power to the conditioned air blower (BE). For hot water boil- ers. use a stee.dy-state water pump power of BE=0.13kW. • 3.1.3 Electric forced air central furnaces. Measure the rated power Input (Em) of electric furnaces ILccording to the testprocedure specifIed In ARI Standard 280-74, section 5.1. Take all measurements at the standard rating condition described In 6.2.1 of ARI Standard 280-74. Supply electricitY as speci-

- fled In section 2.3.5 of this appendix.

3.1.4 Electlic boilers. Adjust flow conditions as specified In section 2.5.4. MaIntaIn electrical supply as specified In section 2.3.5. Operate the boiler until steady state conditions are reached as Indicated iIisection 1.2 of this appendix:Take three measurements of the total power Input to the boiler each at a 10-mlnute Interval, and average the measurements to find therated power Input (EID).



### 3.2 Flue temperature measurements-cool down test.

3.2.1 Gas and oil fuel gravity and forced air central furnaces (including direct vent systems). Turn off the maIn burner alter steady-state testing is completed, and meas- ure the flue gas**temperature~** by means of the 9 thermocouples described above, at 1.5' (Tr.o"<t.» and 9.0 minutes (Tr.on(t.» after the burner shuts of!. BY-pass the damper control In units employing stack dampers and Integral draft diverter or draft hood so that the damper remaIns open during the cool down test.

During this off·period, allow a time delny. t+, between burner shut down and blower shut down of either 3 minutes or unm the supply air temperature drops to a v!\luo of 40' F (22.2C) above the lnIet air tempern' ture, whichever results in the longest blower on time. However, if the furnace employs a single motor to drive a power burner and lin Indoor air circulating blower. turn oft the blower and the burner together. If the blower delay time exceeds 3 minutes, meas- ure the time t+ between burner shut off and blower shut of! uslng'a stop watch. For oU fueled furnaces not equipped with stack dampers, maintain the draft in the flue pipe within a range of -0.001 and +0.005 inches of water gauge of the average draft main· taIned during the steady state test described In 3.1 if the optional test in 3.6 is being car· ried out, or within ±0.01 Inches of water gauge of the average steady·state dralt U it is not. For a direct vent system with a flue damper or a furnace equipped with both a stack damper and a barometric damper. close the flue or stack damper during tho cool down test. Keep the main burnor(s) ort until equilibrium conditions are attained, as Indicated by variations in the flue gas temperature of not more than 3' F (1.7C) be· tWllen three successive readings taken 15 minutes apart. For units employing a con· tlnuously burning pilot light, take a third flue gas temperature measurement and determine the off·perlod minimum flue gas temperature (T r.oFF

. (00». For units not em· ploylng a continuously burning pilot light, set (T,F.OFF. (00» equal to the room temperature TRA• During this cool down test. mellS' ure the energy Input rate to the pilot light (Qp), if the unit is so eqUipped, within lin nco curacy of ±3%. Record all measured values.

3.2.2 Gas and oil fueled boilers (includlrtg direct vent Systems), Alter steady-state testing has been'completed, turn the main burner(s) off and measure the flue gM tem· perature at 3.75 (Tr.on(t.» and 22.5 (T

...o..<t.» minutes after the burner shuts off, using the 9 thermocouples described above. During this off·period, do not allow water to circulate through the hot water boilers. Make a third flue gas temperaturo measurement 45 minutes after the burner shuts off to determine the off·perlod mini· mum flue gas temperature (Tr.on, (00». During this cool·down test, measure the energy Input rate to the pUot light (Qp). U the unit is so equipped, to within an accura- cy of ±3 percent. Record all measured values. For oll fueled units not eQuipped with stack dampers, maintaIn the draft in the flue wIthin the same ranges called out In section 3.2.1 above. For dlreet vent sys· tems with flue dampers or boilers equipped with both stack dampers and barometric dampers, close the flue or stack damper during the cool down test.



### 3.3 Flue gas temperature'measuremcnlsHeat-up test.

3.3.1 Gas and oil fueled centtaI furnaces (including direct vent systems). Alter eQui· librium conditions are .achleved following the cool·down test and the required mea· surements performed, turn on the furnace and measure the flue gas temperature using the 9 thermocouples described above, at 0.5 (Tr.oN(t,» and 2.5 (Tr.oN(t.» minutes after the maIn burner(s) comes on. After the burner start-up, delay the blower st!lrl-up
FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO: 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978by 1.5 minutes (t->, unless-(l) the furnace employs a Single motor to drive the power' burner and the indoor air circulating blower, inwhich case the burnerandblower shall be 

### stll.rted together or (2) the delay timewould result in the activation of a temperatUre safety device which shuts off the burner, in which case the fan control shall be permitted to start the blower. In the latter case, if the fan control is adjustable, setitto'starttheburnerat the highesttemperature. If the fan control is permitted to starttheblower, measure the time delay, t-, uSing a stop watch. Record the measured temperatures. During the heat up test for oil fueled furnaces, maintain the draft In the flue pipe within ±0.01 Inches of wat€r gauge of the manufacturer's recommended on-period draft.

3.3.2 Gas andoilfueled boilers (Including direct vent systems). Fifty minutes after the main burner
 is turned off for the cool down 

### test, turn on the steam or hot wat€r boiler andmeasure theflue gastemperature using the 9 thermocouples described above, 'at 1.0 (TF.olo.(t.» and 5.5**(TF"O~.(t.»** minutes after the main burner<s) comes on. Start thepump circulating the water through the hot water boiler simultaneously with the mainburner
 and maintain the water flow rate at that maintained during the steady state 

### test descnlJed In Section 3.1. During the heat up test for oil fired boilers, maintain the draft inthe flue pipe within ±0.01 inches of water column of the manufacturer's recommended on-period draft. Record themeasuredtemperatures.



### 3.4 Jacket loss 

### measurement. For units intended to beinstalled outdoors or In a un- heated space perform a jacket loss test. Measure the jacket loss {1.,> in accordance with the following ANSI standards and record the totalloss and ambient room temperature duringthe test:

(i) Gas fueled gravity and forced air cen- tral furnaces-Z21.47-1973, section 2.9.1 and appendixF.

(ii) Gas and oil fueled low pressure steam and hot water boilers-ANSI Z21.47-1973, section 2.9.1 and appendix F.

(iii) Oil fueled forced air central furnaces-Z91.1-1972, appendix B.

3.5 

### Measurement for detennining 

### effectiveness of 

### automatic stack 

### damper. Meas- ure the cross sectional area of the stack {As>, the net 

### area of the damper plate (An) {the area of the damper plate minus the area of any holes in the plate>, and the angIe {n> the damper plate makes, when closed, with a plane perpendicular to the axis ofthe stack.



### 3.6 Optional 

### procedure for detennining Dp, DF, Dsfor systems equipped with pou:er burners. On power burner systems not em- ploying automatic stack dampers, or power burner systems with a stack damper and a draft diverter or draft hood, measure D, (the ratio of gas mass flow rate through the flue during the off-cycle to the gas mass flow "rate though the flue during the on- cycle at identical temperatures) during the cool down 

### test described In Section 3.2. On systems for which the flue or stack damper is t{) be closed during the cool down test descnlJed in section 3.2, measure

## n.. (the ratio of the rate of flue gas mass flow through the furnace during the off-period to the rate of flue gas mass flow through the fur- nace during the on-period> during a separate cool down test. Conduct this separate cool down test after the heat up test described in section 3.3 is completed by run- ning the unit after the heat up test until 

# . RULES AND REGULAnONS steady-state conditions are reached, 

### a.s indicated by a temperature variation of not more than-(l) 5" P (2.8 C) In the flue

# ,as temperature for furnaces and bollers, and (2) 4° P·{2.2 C) In the outiet water temperature for hot water bollers; In three 

### successive readings taken 15 minutes apart. and then shutting the unit off with the stack or flue damper controls by·passed or adjusted so that the stack or flue damper remains open during the resulting cool down period. Ifa draftwas maintained on oU furled units In the flue pipe during the steady·state performance test described In section 3.1 maintain the same draft (within 0.001 and +0.005 Inches of water gauge of the average steady·state draft) during this cool down period. Measure the flue gas 

### mnss flow rate (mFo017> during the cool down test described above at a m>ecWc off·perlod flue gas 

### temperature and correct to obtain Its value at the steady·state flue gas temperature (Tr.sa>, usingtheprocedure described below.

Within 1 m1nut€after the unit Is shut oU t{) start the cool down test for determining Dr. begin feeding 

### a tracer gas Into the com- bustion chamber at 

### a constant flow rate of VTo and at a point which will allow for the best possible mlxIng with the air flowing through the chnmber. (On units equipped with an oilfired powerburner the bestlocation for injecting this tracer gas appears to be through a hole drilled In the air tube). Periodically measure the value of VT with an instantaneously reading flow meter having an accuracy of ±3 percent of the quantity measured and maintain that value at less than 1 percent of the air flow ratc through the furnace. If

### a combustible tracer gas is used, there should be 

### a delay period between the time the unit is shut off and the time the 

### tracer gas is first injected to preventJgnItion of the 

### tracer gas.

Between 5 and 6 m1nut€Safter the unit is shut off to startthe cool down t€St.measure the flue gas temperature, Tr.-crr.**usIn~** the 9 thermocouples described above. At the same time the flue gas temperature is measured, measure the percent volumetric concentration of tracer gas, 

### Cr. In the flue gas In the same plane where Tr

## .-GJ1'. Is determined. Obtain the concentration oftracer gas using an lruitrument which will result In an 

### accuracy of ±2percent In the measured value of**~** If the use of 

### a continuous readings tl'JlC instruments results In 

### a delay time between drawing of 

### a sample and Its analysIs, take this delay Into account 

### so the temperature measurement and the me3SUrelI1ent of tracer gas concentration coincIde. Determine the temperature of the tracer gas 

### en- t€ring the flow (TT) and the barometric pressure {Pal.

The rate of the flue gas 

### mass flow through the furnace and the factors Dr. Dr> and Da are calculated by the equations In sections 4.4.1, 4.4.2, and 4.4.3 of this appendix.

4.0 Calculation of derIved results from testmeasurements.

4.1 Annual fuel utilization efficIency for electric furnaces and bollers. Tho annual fuel utillzation efficIency for electric fur- naces andbollers. EFFY

...-E> is gi",en by: EFFY

...-a=100 (forIndoor

### units>. EFFY

...-z=100-3.3 1., (for electric forced air central furnaces Intended lor outdoorinstallation). EFFY

...--.=100-4.'1 1., (for electric bollers Intendedlor outdoorinstallation). where

1.,=the jacket loss as det€1'D1lned In sec-

tion 3.4 ofthisAppendix,lnpercent. 

## 20159

4.2 Annualfuel utilization efficiencyfor gcs 

### or aUfurnacu. Perform the following calculations to det€1'D1lne the annual fuel uUlJzation efficIency of a gas or onfurnace. Figure 10 provides an illustration of a worksheetwhich may be used to tabulatethe re- !Ults 01 testmeasurements and calculations.

4.2.1 System number. Determine the system number for the type 01 furnace beingtested Inaccordancewithtable 1 or 2-

4.2.2 Ration 01 combustion air to stoIchiometric air. Determine the ratio of 

### com- bustion air mass flow rate of stplchlometrfc air mass flow rate. 

### Rr.Po for the test fuel fromFigure 1 by u.slngthevalue of dryflue i&S CO. concentration,**~,** determined In accordance with section 3.1 of this appendix.

4.2.3 Ratio o! combustion and relief air to stoichiometric air. For a system employIng anIntegral draftdiverter. 

### ordrafthood, determlne the ratio of the sum of combustion and rellef air ma.<s flow rate stoichiometric airmassflow rate.RyoS. from

## rtgtll'C 1 for the type of test fuel, by u.slngthe value of dry stack gas Co. concentration. 

### Xco:s. determined In accordance with section 3.1 of this appendix.

4.2.4 Average sensible heat loss at fullload steady state operation. For a system employing an Integral draft diverter. determine the average sensible heat loss at full10:1d steady·state operation.

## :r....a..... expressed as a 

### percent. from flgure 2 using the value of RyoS determined In 4.2.3. the type of test fuel, and**~T_,** where**~Ts.s=Ts.s.x-1I4** where:

Ts.&1=mea.sured stack gas temperature at

!uIl·lo:td steady-state operation determined.1n accordance with section 3.1 or**~** appendlx.IndegreesFahrenheit. T

...=measured room temperature of con-

ditioned spaceInwhichfurnace orboiler is te5ted, determined In accordance with section 2.9 of this appendix. In degrees Fahrenheit. For systems not employing 2.n Integral draft di\"erler, determine the average sensible heat losa at full·load steady-state'oper- ation. 

### Ls..s..... expressed as a 

### percent. 'from fjgure 2 using the value of 

### Rr', determined In4.2.2, thetypeof

### testfuel, andAT F 

### .s3 where:

ATF..g=T,

..-T

.... where:

T,.u=flue gas temperature at. full-lead

steady·state operation determined in 

### ac- cordance with sectIon 3.1 of this appendJx, Indegrees Fahrenheit. T.... 

### as defined above. 4.2.5 Steady state efficIency. Calculate the steady-state efficIency (excludingjacket loss), T/sa' expressed In percent and defined as 'IlJs=100

- Lr.....

- 

### 4.u...l where:

Lr.....=average latent heat loss 01 the 

### test

fuel determined In accordance with Table 3, Inpercent. !.s..u..l=as defined In4.2.4 4.2.6 Average ration of stack gas mass flow rate to flue gas mass flow rate at fullload steady·state operation. Determine the averageration ofstack gas ma.s3flow rateto flue gas mass flow rate at full-load steadystate operation. 

### SIP. for thesystemnumber tobetestedfromtable 1 or2-

4.2.'1 Equ!\'alent fleld stack gas temperature at full·load steady-state operation. Calculate the equivalent fleld stack gas temFEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1971

## 20160 perature at full-load steady-state operation. Ta

.... expressed in degrees Fahrenheit and defined as:
.

T 1 IT - T ] + T

S,55-**~** F,55 RA RA,

where:

T,. ss as defined in4.2.4. TRA as defined in4.2.4. SIF as defined in4.2.6. 4.2.8 On-cycle time constant. Calculate the on-cycle time constant, 1'0•• expressed in minutes and defined as:

T'



### on

where: EjSS 

# - [T

for furnaces:

t,=0.5 minutes. t.=2.5 minutes. for boilers:

t,=1.0 minute. t t



### -T (t ) 

### F,on 2

t.=5.5 minutes.

. Tp.OD<t,)=flue gas temperature measured

at time (t,) from start-up of the'system burner determined in accordance with section 3.3 of this appendix. in degrees Fahrenheit. Tp.o.<t.)=flue gas temperaturee.measured

at time (t.) from start-up of the system burner determined in accordance with section 3.3 of this appendix. in degrees Fahrenheit. Tp

. ss as defined in 4.2.4. 4.2.9 Effective flue gas temperature difference at startuP. Calculate the effective flue gas temperature difference at start-up of the system burner. 8p

.o

. x . expressed in degrees Fahrenheit and defined as:



### e F 

## = [T F ,55

- TF,on (\

# J ,o,x, 

# J

where:

T,.ss as defined in4.2.4. T,. o.(t,) as defined in4.2.8. t, 

### as defined in4.2.8. 1'0. 

### as defined in4.2.8. 4.2.10 Off-cycle time constant. Calculate the off-cycle time constant. "011'. eXllressed in minutes and defined as:

T off In TF •OFF t3

- TF •OFF ("') 

# J

T (t ) - (T ('" )

F,OFF 4 F,OFF 

### RULES AND REGULATIONS
where:

for furnaces:

t.=1.5 minutes.

. t.=9.0 minutes. for boilers:

t.=3.75 minutes. t.=22.5 minutes. T,.o,,(t;.)=flue gas temperature measured

at time <t.) after shut-down from steadystate operation of the System burner determined in accordance with section 3.2 • of this appendix. in degrees Fahrenheit. T,.o,,(t.)=flue gas temperature measured

at time <t.) after shut-down from steadystate operation of the system burner determined in accordance with section 3.2 of this appendix. in degrees Fahrenheit. T,.opp(co)=minimum flue gas temperature

. determined in accordance with section 3.2 of this appendix. in degrees Fahrenheit. 4.2.11 Effective flue gas temperature difference at shut-down. Calculate the effective flue gas temperature difference at shutdown of the system burner. wP.o.x. expressed in degreesFahrenheit and defined as: 

# .,

I/J 

### =rT (t ) - 

### T (",)1 e F,O.K 

# L F.OFF 3 F,OFF 

# J

where:

T,.orr<t;.) 

### as defined in4.2.10. T,.o,,(co) as defined in4.2.10. t. as defined in4.2.10.**1'o~'**

### as defined in4.2.10. t 3-toff

4/2/12 Minimum flue gas temperature difference abovil room temperature. Calculate the minimum flue gas temperature difference above room temperature. ljIp.co.x. ex- pressed in degrees Fahrenheit and defined as:

where:

TF.O,,(co) as delined in4.2.10. TRA 

### as defined in4.2.4

.. 4.2.13 Minimum stack gas temperature difference above room temperature. Calcu-

. late the minimum stack gas temperature difference above room temperature. ljIs.co.x expressed in degrees Fahrenheit and defined as:
.

For systems numbered 1-4. and systems 5- 8 for which , •



### D : F



## W 

# = (D) 

## (W

S,co,X F F,co,X 

### (S/F) (D ) S Forsystems numbered 5-8 for which



### D :

F

where:

Dp=off-cycle flue gas draft factor selccted

from table 1 or. for units with power burners where Dr is measured. deler· mined in accordance with sectlon 4.4.2 of this appendix. Ds=off-cycle stack gas draft factor selected from table 1 or. for units with power burners where Dr is measured. determined in accordance wIth sectlon 4.4.3 of this appendix. SIF as defined in4.2.6. ljIF.CO.x as definellin 4.2.12. 4.2.14 Effective stack gas temperature difference at shut-down. Calculate the effective stack gas temperature difference nt shut-down.ljIs.o.x. expressed in degrees Fahr· enhelt and defined as:

For systems numbered 1-4. and systems**6~** 8 for which



### D : F



### W 

# = (D ) ( 1/1 )



### S,O,X F F,O,X (S/F) 

### (D )

Forsystems 5-8 for which

1/1s.o.x=

### lJIF.O.X where:

Dras defined in4.2.13. ljIr.o.x as defined in4.2.1,1. SIF as defined in4.2.6. Ds as defined in4.2.13. T'ap

.O

. X as defined in 4.2.11. S

- 4.2.15 CorrectIon factors for systems 0- 12. Calculate a correction factor which cor· rects for the use of outdoor air for combustion instead of air atroom temperature. Ca. defined as;



## cs = (70-42) 

### n SS 1 

## + (T -T) 100 F,SS RA

fEDERAL**REGISTE~,** VOL 

# 4:" NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10,1978where: 42=average outdoor temperature corre·

sponding to 5,200 degree day location, in degrees fahrenheit. 'lJss as definedin4.2.5. T FoSS as defined in4.2.4. '10 assumed average indoor air t.empera·

ture. Tru. as defined in4.2.4. The correction factor which corrects for the effect of outdoor air passing through the heat exchanger during the off·period, 0'

So is defined as; 0'8=1.22 4.2.16 Multiplication factor for sensible heatloss duringburner on-cycle. Calculate 

### a multiplication factor for sensible heat loss duringburner on-cycle, Ks.en, defined as:

KS,en 100 C [1 + (R ) (A/F)]

where: P _ T,F HBV A

Cp=0.24 Btu per pound-degree Fahren·

heit, specific heat of air. R,..F as defined in4.2.2. A/F=st.oichiometric air/fuel ratio**deter~**

minedinaccordance withTable 3. HHVA=average higher heating value of

the 

### test fuel determined in accordance withTable 3, inBtu'sperpound. 4.2.1'1 Multiplication factor for sensible heat loss during burner off-cycle. Calculate a multiplication factor for sensible heat loss during'burner off-cycle, Ks. 0'" defined 

### as:

For systemsnumbered 1-4:

1.19 K (T - T + 530) (0 ) (K S,OFF F,SS FA F S,on 0.56 (T - T )

F,SS RA

where:

530=assumed aVerage indoor temperature

in degrees Rankine. TFoSS as definedin4.2.4. TRA as defined in4.2.4,

- Dras definedin4.2,13. Ks.on as defined in 4.2.16. For systemsnumbered 5-8:

_ 1.19 K (T -T +530) (0 )(S/F)(K S,OFF S.SS RA 5 S.on (T - T +-70-42)

S,SS RA

where:

Ts.ss as definedin 4.2.'1. Dsas defined in4.2.13. TB.\ as defined in 4.2.4. S/Fas defined in4.2.6. 0.56 

### RULES AND REGULATIONS
Ks.= as defined in4.2.16. 530 as defined above. 42 as defined in4.2.15. '10 as defined in4.2.15. Forsystemsnumbered 9-12:

I); ,OFP a 1.19 '1j, ,55

- Tp.\ + 5301 IF:S ,On' IDpl 11j, ,55

- TpA + 10-421

where:

T roSS as defined in4.2.4. Dras defined in4.2.13. TL\ as defined in4.2.4. Ks.,..:l as defined In4.2.16. 530 as defined above. 42 as defined in 4.2.15. '10 

### as defined in4.2.15 0.56

4.2.18 MultiplIcation factor for infiltra· tlon loss during burner olI-cycle. Calculate 

### a multiplication factor for inflltratlon loss duringburneron-cycle. KLe::. defined

### as:

For systemsnumbered 1-8: KIoe:I""C¢)'S/F)'K5.c.» where:

4>=0.7. infiltrationpnrnmeter. S/Fas defined in4.2.6.

- KSo<:> as defined in4.2.16.

4.2.19 MultiplIcation factor lor infiltration 1065 duringburner o!!-cycle. Calculate a multiplIcation factor for inflltraUon loss duringburnero!!-cYcle Kr.cm defined 

### as:

Forsystems numbered 1-8:

1.19 It a IT

- T + 5301 lit I 10 I I.OFF S,SS F

.. \ U.56 I.on G IT

- T + 10-421

S,SS PA

where:

Ts.ss as definedin 4.2.7. 530 as defined in4.2.17. 42 as defined In 4.2.15. KIoe:> as defined In 4.2.18. Ds as defined in4.2.13. '10 as defined in4.2.15. TI!.\ as defined in4.2.4. 4.2,20 Ratio of average burner on·time per cycle to on-cycle time constant. Calcu· late the ratio of average burner on·tlme per cycle to on-cycle time constant;. tdT'= defined as:

where:

Forfurnaces: t 

### .....2!!. T 

### on

to,,=3.87 minutes. the average burner on·

timepercycle. To as defined in4.2.8.' 

## 20161
Forboilers: t",,<=9.68**minute~** the average burner ontimepercycle. T'= asdefined In 4.2.8. 4.2.21 Ratio of average burner off·time per cycle to o!!-cycle time constant. Calculate the ratio of averageburner off·time per cycle to o!!-cycle time constant. td!/T'_ defined 

### as:

where:

Forfurnaces: t 

### off T 

### off

tot:!",,13.3 minutes. the average burner offtimepercycle. T'c!fasdefinedin4.2.10. Forboilers:**~=33.26** minutes. the averageburner offtimepercycle. T'ot:!=as defined in4.2.10. 4.2.22 Effective flue gas temperature difference at burner start·uP. corrected for burner cycling effect. Calculate the effective flue gas temperature difference at burnerstart·up, cQrrected forburnercycling effect, 8r.c. expressed in degrees Fahrenheit and defined

### as:

Forsystems 1-8: 8r.o=CCr.a)C8 r.o.x) For !j'stems9-12: 8r.o=<Cr.aHC.)(Or.o.x) 

### where:

where:

BrJ:!.X as defined in4.2.9 Cs as defined in4.2.15 

## eF.O.x asdefinedin4.2.11**~/TCi"** as defined in4.2.21 tdTca as defined in4.2.20 Tr..s:s as defined in4.2.4 Tr.c;rr.1 ) as defined in4.2.10 4.2.23 Effective nue gas temperature difference at burner sbut-down, corrected for burner cycling effect. Calculate the effective flue gas tempa-ature difference at burner sbut-down. corrected for burner cycling effect. Vr.o.

For

### nj':item:: 1-8: Vr.o=CCt.or)'yv.o.x) Forsy::;tems 9-12: V,.o=CCt.o11')(Cs')(t;!v.o.x) 

### where:

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978**20~62** where:

If!F.O.X as defined In 4.2.11. CD as deflnedJn 4.2.15. " OF.O.X as defined In 4.2.9.

toFF/TOF1' as defined In 4:2.21. tonho • as defined In4.2.20. T F•53 as defined In 4.2.4. T V

• OFF, (00) as defined In 4.2.10. Coo= I, for units with continuously burn-

,Ing pilot lights, 0.90 for units with intermittent ignition devices orcycling pilots. 4.2.24 Effective mInlmum flue gas temperature difference above room temperature, corrected for burner Cycling effect. Calculate the effective mlnfmum flue gas temperature difference above room temperature, !/IF. 00 , corrected for burner cycling effect, expressed In degrees Fahrenheit and defined as:

For systems numbered 1-8: !/IF. 00 =If!F.OO.X Forsystems numbered 9-12: !/IF.00 =(CS')(!/IF.OO.X) where:

C,{ as defined In 4.2.15. If!F.OO. X as defined In4.2.12. 4.2.25 Effective stack gas temperature difference at burner shut-down, corrected for burner cycling effect. Calculate the effective stack as temperature difference at burner shut-down, corrected for burner cy- cling effect, If!s.o. expressed In degrees Fahrenheit and defined as:

Forsystems numbered 1-8: o/s.o=(!/Is.o.X)(CIooII) Where:

CI •

olI as defined In4.2.23. If!s.o.x as defined In 4.2.14. 4.2.26 Off-cycle' sensible heat loss integration factors. For systems numbered- 1-4, determine off-cycle sensible heat loss integration factors, F3 and F4, from Figures 3 and 4, respectively, using values of If!F.O defined In section 4.2.23, and tOil/Toil defined In section 4.2.21.

For systems numbered 5-8 determine offcycle sensible heat loss Integration factors, F5 and F6, from Figures 5 and 6, respective- ly, using values of I/Is.o defined In section 4.2.25, and and toll/Toll defined In section 4.2.21.

For systems numbered 9-12'determlne the off-cycle sensible heat loss Integration factors, F5 and F6, from Figures 5 and 6, re- spectively, using values of I/IF.O defined In, section 4.2.23 and toll/Toll defined In section 4.2.21.

4.2.27 Off-cycle infiltration heat loss integration factors. For systems numbered 1- 8, determine off-cycle Infiltration heat loss Integration factors, F7 and F8, from Fjgures '1 and 8, respectively, using values of If! ••o defined In section 4.2.25, and and tOil/Toil defined In section 4.2.21.

4.2.28 On-cycle sensible heat loss. Calculate the on-cycle sensible heat loss of the system, La.OIl. expressed In percent and defined as:

Forsystems numbered 1-8: (K ) ( 

## e

S,ON F,O

- (t 

### RULES AND 

### REGULATIONS

ForSystems numbered 9-12:

L (C ) (L ) - (K )

S,ON S S,SS,A S,ON

- (t on -T--
X( 

## e F,O

where: ( 1 t 

## IT

on on

C s as defined in4.2.15. L S

.SS•A as defined in4.2.4. K s.oN as defined in4.2.16. 8M as defined in4.2.22. to.h

..as defined In4.2.20. on 

### (l-e

4.2.29 Off-cycle sensible heat loss. Calculate the off-cycle sensible heat loss of the system. LS

.OFF• el>.-pressed in percent and defined as:

Forsystems numbered 1-4:

LS,OFF (K ) (t ) SJOFF off 

### -t--



### on

# X[(F3)+(~ )(F4)] F,co

ForSystems numbered 5-8:

L 

### = (K ) (t )

. S,OFF S,OFF off, 

### -t--

on 

# r 

# J XL (FS) 

### + (1jI ) (F6) 

### s,co 

## ,x
.

.For systems numbered 9-12:

L (K ) (t )

_ S,OFF S,OFF off -t--



### on )( reFS) 

### + (1jI ) (F6)]



# r FICO where: K S•OFF as defined In 4.2,1'1. tOil as defined in4.2.21. to. as defined in 4.2.20. F3. F4, F5. and F6 as defined in 4.2.26. • If!F.OO as defined in 4.2.24.

1/Is.00.x as defined in 4.2.13. 4.2.30 On·cycle Infutration heat loss. Cal· culate the on-cycle infiltration heat loss of the system, L 1• ON, expressed in percent and defined as:

Forsystems numbered 1-8: LI.ON=KI.ON('10-42). where:

K I • ON as defined in4.2.18. 70 as defined in 4.2.15. 42 as defined in 4.2.15. Forsystems numbered 9-12: Lt.ON=O 4.2.31 Off-cycle infiltration heat loss. Calculate the off·cycle infiltration heat loss of the system Lt.OFF, expressed in percent and defined as:

Forsystems numbered 1-8:

LI,OFF K I,OFF (70-42) (t ) off -t--

Qn

X

# ~F7) + (1jI ) (F8)

# J

L' S,.",X

where:

K I • OFF as defined in4.2.19. 70 as defined in4.2.15. 42 as defined in4.2.15. tou as defined in4.2.21. 

### t.. as defined In 4.2.20. F7, F8 as defined in4.2.27. 1/Iscoy as defined in 4.2.13. Forsystems numbered 9-12: Lt.OFF=O 4.2.32 Part-load fuel utilization off/clen' cy. Calculate the part-load fuel utilization efficiency, expressed in percent and defined as:

for indoor units

-

n c 100

# ~ L -[.

# :1~]" 

# ,]

u L.A on P o£f Q

in

XL +L +L +10 " 

# [ 

# ]

S,ON S,OFF l,ON l,OFi'

for outdoor units

-

., '" 100-L

- C u L,A j (L ) :I

X[L + 10 ] S,ON S,OFF

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978where: CJ=3.3 for furnaces intended 

### to be in·

stalled outdoors.**~** 4.7 for boilers intended

### to be installed outdoors. Q,,=Pi1otflamefuel inputrate determined

in accordance with section 3.2 of this Appendix, inBtu'sperhour. Q",=Full·load input rate (including pilot

flame fuel input rate) determined in ac· cordance with section,3.l of this Appen· dix, inBtu'sperhour.**~=Jacket** loss determined in accordance with section 3.4 ofthis Appendix, in per· cent. 

### Lz.... as defined jn4.2.5. t,.,. as definedin 4.2.20. 

## t.u as defined in4.2.21. Ls.ON as definedin4.2.28. 

### Ls.oFF as definedin4.2.29. L,.ON as defined in4.2.30. 

### !.z.OFF as definedin4.2.31 4.2.33 Annual fuel utilization efficiency. Calculate the annual fuel utilization effi· ciency. EFFYAo defined 

### as:

('I ) ('I) (5200)

5S u (, ) (5200) + (2.5) (ll I (Q) ci.1) (4600)**~** u P (Ol

where:

5.200=The average number of annual

heating degree-days for the United 

### States. 4,600=The average**D~ber** of nonheatlng

season hours peryear that the energy to thepilotlight is assumed wasted. 1.7=Averagefurnace tizingfactor. nss=As definedin 4.2.t'. nu=As definedin4.2.3!,!. Q,,=As defined in4.2.32. Q",=As definedin4.2.32. 4.3 Additional 

### requirementsfor fUTTUlCe8 utilizing a stack (orflue) -damper. Calculate the stack (or flue) dampet" effectiveness. Do. defined as:

D 

### =

o

where:

A,,'=ADcos(O). 

# 5" 

# 5 

# +

As=Cress sectional area of the stack determi,ned in accordance With section 3.5 oftb.!s appendix, in sqU8.I'f}oinches. A,,=Net area of the damper plate deter·

mineQ in accordance with section 3.5 of this appendix. in square inches. 

### RULES AND REGULATIONS

fi=The angle the damper plate makes.

when closed, with a plane perpendIcular 

### to the axis of the stack, determined in accordance with secUon 3.5 of this appendiX. 4.4 Additional n:qufremen13

### for**fuma~** utilizing 'indoor afr faT combU3tfon and draft control. For units obtaining combustion air anddraft control airfrominside the residence, determine the appropriate factor describing the raUo ofon-cycle stackflow to on-cycle ftue flow (SIP). the raUo of off· cycle flue flow 

### to on-cycle flue flow at Iden· ticaltemperatures (D,), and theraUo ofoff· cycle stack flow 

### to on-cycle stack flow at identicaltemperatures (Ds) fromTable 1.

4.4.1 Optional 

### procedure for determina· tion 0/Dp for furnaces or boilers employing a power burner. Calculate the ratio (D,) of the rate of flue gas mass flow througil the furnace or boiler during the off :period, mF.OJ"F (Tr.ts). 

### to the rate of flue gas mass flow during the on·perIod, m,.ss (T r..



## >, and defined as:



### =

## ~,OFF (TF,SS)

## ~,SS (TF,SS) 

# ,

For gas fueled units or oU fueled units for which no draft is maintained during the steady·state orcool down test:

F-or oil fueled units tested with an Im· poseddraft as described insection3.6:

where:

Tr.ss=As definedin4.2.4. T·,.oi?=Flue 

## sns temperature during the

off·period measured in accordance with section 3.6 of this appendL"t. jn degrees fahrenheit. 42 as definedin4.2.15. 460=Collverslon fnctor 

### to convert degrees

fahrenheit 

### to degrees rankine. Tuas definedin4.2.4.



## * 

# . Ih (T )= (lOO-C ) V P



### F,OFF F,OFF T T F
C

T 

## 20163
where:

VT=Flow rate of tracer gas through the

furnace measured in accordance with secUon 3.6 ofthisappendix. incubicfeet perminute.**~=Concentratlon** byvolume oftracergas**p~ent** in the nue gas samplemeasured in accordance with section 3.6 ofthis appendlx, in 

### :percent. p,=The density thenue gaswoulCl have at

the temperature TT in Ib :per cu ft. It maybeapproximatedbytheeqnation:



### P '"

F-

where: 1.32Sf.. PB ) \T 

### + 460

TT=Temperature of tracer gas entering

flow metermeasured in accordance with section 3.6 of this appendix. in degrees fahrenheIt. P.cBarometric pressure measured in ac-

cordance with secUon 3.6 of this appendlx, Ininches ofmercury.

where:



### Rr". asdefinedin4.2.2.. 

### AlPasdefinedin4.2.16.**~** asdefined in 4.2.32. BHV A asdefined in4.2.16. 60=>Convers1on factor 

### to convert hours to

minutes. 4.4.2 Optional procedure for determination of off-cycle draft factor for flue gas flow for furnaces or bollers employing a power burner. Calculate the o!!-cycle draft factorforflue gasnow.

### Dr. definedas:

for sYStems numbered 2. 4, 6. 8 or 10:



### o,=D,. for system.number 12:

### o,=<Dr}(D.}. where:

D,asdefined in4.4.1. Do as definedin4.3. 4.4.3 Optional procedure for determination of off-cycle draft factor for stack gas flow for ftml3ces or bollers employing a power burner. Calculate the of!-cycle draft factorfor stack gas

## now. Ds, definedas:

for systemnumber2:Ds=l.O. for systemnumber4: D 3c{O.79+l>p>ll.4. forsystem.number8: D.t=D.,.. Forsystemnumber8:

I

- I iSln if D ,. 1 o (s.!n
FEDElAL REGISTER. VOL 43, NO. 9t-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1971

## 20164
where:

D1' as defined in 4.4.1. Do as defined in 4.3. 4.5 Additional. Requirements

.for Fur- naces Utilizing a Direct Vent System. For furnaces utilizing a**dir~t** vent system orIntended for outdoor installation. determine the appropriate S/F factor and DF factor from Table 2. If a unit is equipped with a • power burner. the optionBl procedure described in section 4.4.2 of this section may be used to calculate DF using the value ofD1' determined in section 4.4.1 of this section. 

### RULES**~~ND** 

### REGULATIONS
t-=Blower delay time determined in ac-

cordance with section 3.3.1 of this appendix. inminutes. QIn as defined in 4.2.32. Q1' as defined in 4.2.32. 'I).as defined in 4.2.32. (2)=Ratio of the average length of a heatIng season in hours 

### to the average heatingloadhours. 100.000=Factor that accounts for percent

andKBtu. 4.8 Average Annual Fuel Energy Consumption forGas or Oil Fueled Furnaces or Boilers. Calculate the average annual fuel energy consumption for gas or oil fueled 4.6 Additional Requirements for Fur- naces Which Modulate or VaTY Fuel Input Without ControUing Excess Comoustion Air. Test a furnace -which IS equipped with 

### a mechanism for reducing the rate of fuel input. but does not provide a means for con- trolling excess combustion air. at its maxi- mum firing rate in accordance with test procedures in section 3. Use these test results to calculate 

### a seasonal efficiency and an annual operating cost based upon a single fixed fuel inputrate. - furnaces or boilers. 

### Er. expressed in Btu's peryear. and defined as:

4.7 National Average Number ofBurner Operating Hours. Calculate the average number of burner operating hours. BOH. defined as:

BOH=(A)CC) (2.080) (average design heatIng requirement)-B (2.080). where:

2.080=Natlonal average annual heating

load hours (average design heating re- qUirement) is expressed In KBtu/hr and is obtained from Table 4 using the proper value of Q..I' Qoul=('1)

../100) (QIn) rounded off to the

nearest 1.000 Btu/hr for units intended for installation in a heated space and Q..1=QIn[('I)..I100)-(3.3) (L J/100)] rounded off to the nearest 1.000 Btu/hr for units intended for installation outdoors orin an unheated space. 

## e
.. as defined in 4.2.5. Qm

### flS defined in 4.2.32.

A = 100,000 (341, 300) {PE + y Bl:) + (Q-in

- Op) I U (2)**(O~)** (11) (A) 100,000

.C=0.77. adjustment factor which serves 

### to

adjust the calculated design heating re- quirement and heatingload hours 

### to the

- actual heating load experienced by a heating system. PE=Power burner electrical energy input

rate at full-load steady-state operation determined in accordance with section 3.1 of this appendix. In kilowatts. BE=Circulatlng-air blower (or circulatlngwater pump) electrical energy inputrate at full-load steady-state operation determined in accordance with section 3.1 of this appendix. inkilowatts. y=1+«t+-t-)/3.87) for furnaces. 1.00 for

boilers and 1.00 for furnaces employing' a single motor to drive a power burner· and air circulating fan or blower. the ratio of average blower orpump on time 

### to average burner on time. where:

t+=Blower delay time determined in a.c-

cordance with section 3.2.1 of this appendix. inminutes E'p=(Qm-Q1')(BOH)+(8760)CQp). where:

Qm as defined in 4.2.32. Qp as defined In 4.2.32. BOH as defined in 4.7. 8.760=Tota!numberofhours in a year. 4.9 Average Annual AuxiliaTY Electrical Energy- Consumption for G<zs or Oil Fueled Furnaces or Boilers. Calculate the average annual auxiliary electrical energy consump- tion. EAE• expressed in kilowatt-hours per year and defined as:

EAE=(PE+v BI:)(BOH) where:

PE as defined in 4.7. BE as definec1in 4.7. y as defined in 4.6. BOH as defined in 4.7. 4.10 Average Annual Electric Energy Consumption for Electric Furnaces orBoil- 

### ers. Calculate the average annual electric energy consumption for electric furnaces or bollers. 

### &:. expressed in kilowatt-hours per year. and defined 

### as:
-

(100) (2080) Idcsiqn hCdtlnq require:::cntl**£C·------~C~F·~FY~-r(jr.~4i~3r)--------­** II-C
where: tC)

100=Conversion factor 

### to convert percent



### - to decimal fraction (design heating requirement) is expressed in KBtu/hr and is obtained from Table 4 with Q.ul set equal 

### to the quantity (Em) (3.413) rounded off to the nearest 1000 Btu's per hour for units intended for installation in a heated space and ' (Em) (3.413) «l00-(3.3)(L.!»/(l00) for units intended for installation out-of-doors or in an unheated space. where:

EID=electric power input in watts meas-

ured in accordance with sections 3.1.3 and 3.1.4 ofthisAppendix. 2.080 as defined in4.7. EFFY A - E as definedin4.1.

. 3.413 conversion factor corresponding to 1

watt=3.413 Btu/hr. L.! as defined in 3.4. C as defined In 4.7. _4.11 Average Number ofBurner Opening Hours in Different Geographic Regions of the United States and in Buildings with Different Design Heating Requirements. CRIculate the average number of burner operat- ing hours by geographic· region of the United States. BOHa. defined as:

BOHa=(C)(A)CHLH»Ctypical design heatingrequkement)-BCHLH) where: HLR=Heating load hours for n specUlo • geographic region determined 

### in Rccord·

ance with the heating load hour mop 

### in Figure 9.
B 

# = (2) (A) (Op) (n 

### u) , 100,000
where:

(2) as defined in 4.7. A as defined in4.7. Qp as defined in 4.2.32. 'I). as defined in 4.2.32. 100.000 

### as defined in 4.7. C as defined in 4.7. Typical design heating requirement lIS given in Ta.ble 4 for the npproprlote valllo ot QOtrr. where Qoul is defined in 4.7.

4.12 Average annual fueZ energy con- 8umption for gas or oil fueled furnaces or boilers Zocated in d:lJferent geographio re· gions ofthe United States and in bufldings with different design heating requirements. Calculate the average annual fuel enorgy consumption for 

### a specUla geographio region and for a specific typical design heotIng requirement. E,.a. expressed in Btu's por year. and defined as: E,.a=(Qm-Qp)+(8760) (Qp) where:

Qm as defined in 4.2.32. Qp as defined in 4.2.32.

. BOHa as defined in 4.11. 8760 as defined in 4.8. 4.13 Average annual auxilfarv electrical energy consumption forgas oroilfueledfur- naces or boilers in different geographio reo gions of the United States and in bufldings with different design heating requirements. Calculate the average annual auxiliarY olcctrical energy consumption for a specifio geo· graphic region and 'for a speciflo typical design heating requirement. E.u:.R expressed inkilowatt-hours per year and defined as: EAR.a=(PE+y BE) (BOHR) where:

.

PE as defined in 4.7. BE as defined in 4.7. y as defined in 4.0. BOHR 

### as defined in4.11. 4.14 Average annual electrio energ1l .con· 8umption for electrical furnaces or boflers in differentgeographic regiom ofthe United States and in buildings with different design heating requirements. Calculate tho averago annual electric energy consumption by geo· graphic region of the United States. E1 • n• ex· pressed in kilowatt-hours per year, and do· fined as:

E • a (100) (C) (ULI!)**(d~si9n h~.tin?** **r~q"ir~~~nll** E.R (EFFYA_E ) (3.4131

where:

100 as defined in 4.10. HLH as defined in 4.11. (designheating requirement) as dOflned in

4.10. EFFYA-g as defined in4.1. 3.413 as defined in 4.10. C as defined in 4.7.

FEDERAl REGISTER, VOL. 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978I'ype of. Burner

- Mllospheric

Power

## * RULES AND REGULATIONS where:



### 100 as defined in

### 4.10. HLH as defined in

### 4.11. (designheatingrequirement) as defined in



### 4.10. EF'PY 1o
- E as defined in4.L 3.413 as defined in

### 4.10. C as defined in4..7.

'n:lble 1 Factors Describing Air F10il Rllt'l for G-lS and Oil-Fired Furnaces or Boilers Utilizing Indoor Air for Qrbustion and Draft Control
Units Without a Stack DaIrper L'nits**~:ith** 

### a 

### Stack DaI!per but with and Draft lbod or Droft lIoed or 

## 20165

Draft Oiverter Bararetric Draft Control Droft oiverter Bararetric Draft CentrolSystan ;'t



### 1

2 0 D sys- 0 0 

### Sys- D D 

### Sys- D D 

### S!F F 5 tan t 

### S!F F 5 ten t 

### S!F F 5 ter.l t 

### S!F F 5 

### 2.4 1.0 1.0 3 

### 1.4 1.0 1.0 5 

### 2.4 1.0 D 7 

### 1.4 1.0 D 0 0 

### 2.4 0.4 1.0 4 1.4 0.4 0.85 6 

### 2.4 0.4 D 

### 8 1.4 0.4 (0 ) (0')

where

0' p 

### 0.4,if D**~** l/(S/F) o 0



### 0.4 + (0.85

- (0.4) (D» (0

-**~S!F~** o 0 , 

### if D > l/(S/F) 

### o (l

- 

## iIti/F» 0

o 'rna above factors \·:&c**dev~loPCd** b'J the !:3tion::1l. l!U.reau of Sl:ar.!:brds antl are based u[r.n information in the public litcru.turc, luOOmtoty and co:rqmtcr si.mulation studies conducted 41t t!IlS, and Inlxlmtory and field data obtained b'j sc,;-cral rcsZJrCh ficrs ur.der conttuct" to NBS and DOE.
*A poI\'er burner rray incorporate a cevice on its air inlet

.... hlch 

## osens the air- L-u.ct \-'hcr. the iift'l.i.mcc .is in o!=ClUt.lon lll'.d Clcr...es the aU;' inlet "11en the applia.noc is in the st:.J.ridb".l condition.



### Table 2
Factors Describing 

### Air Fla.·, Rates fo:: Gas 

### or Oil-Fired**Em:n~ccs/Boilers** 

### Intended for Installation Out-of-D:ors 

### or Intended for 

### In:!oor Installation But 

### Equiwcd \'lith 

### a Direct Ve:nt Systc;n

Units**\~ithout** A Stack 0 p

Type of Burner 

### or Flue D.:lmpcr Units t-;ith 

### a Flue**D3.~** 

### 'l\'Pe of 

### Draft 'S!F

Atnosphere

Power 

### Systani
9



### 10 D D F



## - Systani F lb1e 

### 1.00 11 D 

### barcr:letric 0 da"J'iler 

### 0.40 12 0.40 

### x D 

### draft diverter 0

The 

### above factors \\'Cre 

### developed. 

### by the 

### NatiOftdl B>.lrcau 

### of Standards and 

### are based 

### upon information 

### in the public 

### literature, laboratory and CCliIl'Uter sin:ulation studies conducted at NBS, and 

### laboratory <md field data 

### obtained by 

### several research firms under 

### contract 

### to tlES and 

### OOE.

FEDERAL REGISTfI, VOL 43, NO. 91-WE9NESDAY, MAY 10, 1971 

### 1 

### 1.4

2.4

## 20166 RULE!; AND REGULATIONS 

### Table 3 Values of Higher Heating Value (HHV ), Stoichiometric Air/Fuel A 

### Ratio (A/F), and Latent Heat Loss (L ) for Typical Fuels L,A

HHV (Btu/1b) L 

### (%) Fuels A A/F(--) L,A
No. 1 Oil 19,8"00 14.56 6.55
No. 2 Oil 19,500 14.49 6.50

I 

### Natural Gas 20,120 14.45 9.55 Manufactured Gas 18,500 11.81 10.14 Propane 21,500 15.58 7.99 Butane' 20,890 15.36 7.79

Table 4 Average and Typical Design Heating Requirements for Furnaces and Boilers with Different Output Capac{ties

Furnace or Boiler Output Capacity, 

### Q OUT (Btu/hr) 26,000

- 34,000 35,000

- 42,000 43,000

- 5'1,0.00 52,000

- 59',000 .60,000

- 76,000

77,000 93,000 94,000

- 110,000 111,000

- 127,000 128,000

- 144,000 i\verage Design Heating Requirements (KBtu/hr)

20 25 30 35 4Q
50 60 70 '
80 Typical Design Heating Requirements (KBtu/hr) 15,20 20, 25, 30 25, 30, 35 30, 35, 40, 45 35, 40, 45, 50 40, 45, 50, 60 50, 60, 70, 80 60, 70, 80, 90 70, 80, 90, 100 '145,000

- 161,000 90 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 162,000

- 178,000 100 90, 100, 110, 120, 130 179,000**1~5iOOO** 

### '110 .100, 110, 120, 130, 140

over 196,000 130 120, 130, 14Q; 150, 160

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91"':WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978

### lo'IGURE 1 

# 5, 1\ \ \\ ';\ I' , . , I:

# !' , " 

# I

.'III" " : I ,. .... , , ' ", I 

### 1

. . I I I· I III

. I ,I • II '\ • ". 

## ,111'!j\ 

# :"1 

# ,III 

# Iii

I' 

# II\,\II!I' I', " ' ,,' ", "

- ::.:. 

## :i·", :;'1 'j. I I 

### i' 1 

## I .,! 1 

### I :il'" • : '. : ":i. 

### 'II::::

01 , , ',I', 

# I I I ' ; '\ "', 'I 

### '"'1''' " "

...

# .1~1:'i~! 1!!!ld,+

# ~Ulli

# ..UU]J**~~~~'~ ~'~'_'I-~** __ -;-. ".: '" ,,!

# :~,' !f::' :,,, '" 

### ::d



# 11 

# I 2 , I'


# ,

. I 

### !"



## , " I I**~.** I " ., , 

# ,

"I' 

# ':,! ::1

,

## ';~I 

# ..

,

## ,,~" °r_' I. I

•• '. ,I

, I

II 

# .. ,"I:,li

. :':11 :: .!, f**~** •• • I • • ,. I I" I •••



### ,

# .. "


## . .• ,1. 

### '::

.... 

## , 

## .:':;::!:



# ..

# . I " •



# ."

•• t t 1'\ • " 

# :il ii i
II I , . : i : 

### I**~** 

## :ll.**~.** !**~** ., .,. I • ',.1 .0, """ 

### .,

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FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL, 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978 

# ,. c 

## 1ft CIt 

# ,. z 0 

# ,.**~**

# ~ CIt

to.:) 

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# .... ..:J (0

# " 2500 

## FIGURE 9 I!e.::ting IDad Hours (HLH) for 

# em united 

## States and Territories



## This tnap is reasonabtj aaxlrata 

## foc most parts of the United States but is 

## necessari¥**high~** 

## .**~enera!iled.** 

## and coosequentJy not too accurate in mountainous regiOC'l$.**particuia.~** 

## in the Rackies. 

## lil<lska

- 3500 HL!l '1!a\!aii and

- 0 HLH 

## Territories

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## vot. 43, NO. 91-WE>NfSDAY. MAY 10, 1918 t-:i 

## o**~** Cl) 

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## ~ fa**~** 

### !o 

### Z 

## o 

# m

# ~ 

# ,!

### RULES AND IEGULAnONS 

## 20181 FlCURE 10 \lORK SHEE:r FOR Fl!RNACE/BOILER SYSTEH. Measured Quantities and Systec Characteristic Constants



# . 1 2 3 4 5 

### 6 7 8 

### SYS6 TFUEL HHV

## QI~ Q p 

### FE BE XCOZ.S (-) (-) 

### Btu/lb. Btu hr. Btul.1r. 

### kW kW %



# . 9 " 10 11 

### 12 13 14 15 16 T X 

### T F•SS 

# :r F,ON(t1) T F•ON (t2) T F,OFF(t3) 

# Ir- ,OFF (tl ) 

### TF,OFF("") S.SS.X CO2·F

F % 

### F F F 

# . F F F



### 17 18 19 20 21 22 TRA 

### L J 

### S/F D D Y 

### (!)

## (~) (-) 

### F 

## r. (-)



### Derived System Parameters
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 PF HHVA A/F LL,A C J

# ~jF L 1155 

### S,SS,A (-) 

### Btu/lb. (-)**~** (-) 

## '- 1:



# .
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 T

S•SS TON 

### e TOFF ;p 

### 'PF,

...,X**~S** 

### ... X**~** 

### F,O,X F,O,X S.O.X F 

### minutes F 

### minutes F F 'F' F**.j~** 

### 40 41 42 43

C



## s !<s.ON

### ~tOFF KrtON Kr,OFF (-) 

### (%)/F (%)/R 0.37 (r.)

### /F (r.)/RO.37

Calculation of System Losses and Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency



# - -44 45 46 47 48 49 50 S1 

### "rOA ! t 

### tOFF tON/TON tOFF/TOFF BF,o 

## tlIF , 0 

### li'F,OJ ON F· 

### minutes minutes (-) (-) F F F



### 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 1l'S,O $S,CD F3 F4 FS F6 F7 F8 F F 

### R 0.37 R-O. 63 R0.37 a-O. 63 R-O. 63 R-1 •63

60 61 62 63 64 65 66 

### 67 L LS,OFF LI,ON LI,OFF 

## nu DD HR EFFYA



### S,ON

% % % % 

### % 

### eF-days hC'urs 

# r.



# - FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1971

## 20182

APPENDIX O-UNIFORM TEST METHOD FOR

MEAsURING THE EliERGY CONSUMPTION OF VENTED HOME HEATING EQUIPMENT 1.0 Definttions. 

### 1.1 "Steady-state conditions for vented home heating equipment" means equlllbri- um conditions as indicated by temperature variations of not more than 5° F (2.8C) in the flue gas temperature for units equipped with draft hoods, barometric draft regulators or direct vent systems, in three succes- sive readings taken 15 minutes apart or not more than 3° F (.17C) in the stack gas temperature for units equipped w).th integral draft diverters in three successive Teadings taken 15 minutes apart.

.

1.2 "Flue gases" means reaction products resulting from the combustion of a fuel with the oxygen of the air, including the inerts and any excess air.

1.3 "Excess air" means air which passes through the combustion chamber and the vented heater flues in excess of that which is 

### theoretically required for complete com- bustion.

1.4 "Flue" means a conduit between the flue outlet of a vented heater and the,integral draft diverter, draft hood, barometric damper or vent terminal through which the flue gases pass prior to the point of draft relief.

1.5 "Heater outlet" means the opening provided in a vented heater for the exhaust of the flue gases from the combustion chamber.

1.6 "Flue losses" means the sum of sensible and latent heat losses above room temperature of the flue gases leaving a ventea heater.



### 1.'l "Stack" means the portion of the ex- haust system downstream of the integral draft diverter, draft hood or barometric draftregulator.

1.8 "Stack gases" means the flue gases combined with dilution air that enters at the integral draft diverter, draft hood or barometric draftregulator.

1.9 "Bar6metric draft regulator or barometric damper" means a mechanical device designed to maintain a constant draft in a vented heater.

1.10 "Air 

### shutter" means an adjustable device for varying the size of the primary air inlet(s) to the combustion chamber power burner.

1.11 "Power burner" means a vented heater burner which supplies air for com- bustion at a pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure, or a burner which depends on the draft induced by a fan incorporated in the furnace for proper operation.

1.12 "Vent limiter" means a device which limits the flow of air from the atmospheric diaphragm chamber of a gas pressure regu- lator to the atmosphere. A vent limiter may be a limiting orifice or otherlimiting device.

1.13 "Vent/air intake terminal" means a device which is 

### located on the outside of a building and is 

### connected to a vented heater by a system of conduits. It is 

### composed of an air intake terminal through which the air for combustion is 

### taken from the outside atmosphere, and a vent terminal from which flue gases are discharged.

1.14 "Ipduced draft" means a method of drawing air into the combustion chamberby mechanical means.
.

1.15 '''Plenum'' means an air compartment, that is. 

### attached to, or is 

### an integral part of, a vented heater and which is 

### designed to either distribute the heated air after it leaves the heat exchanger in the case of a supply plenum, or in the case of a 

### RULES AND REGULATIONS

return plenum, collects the air which enters thereturninlet.

1.16 "Heatinput" (QIn)

### ,means the rate of energy supplied in a fuel to a vented heater, operating under'steady state conditions, ex- pressed in Btu's per hour. It includes any 

### input energy to the pllot light and is 

### obtained by multiplying the measured rate of fuel consumption by the measured higher heatingvalue ofthe fuel.

1.17 "Higher heating value" (HHV) means the heat produced per unit of fuel when complete combustion takes place at constant pressw'e and the products of com- bustion are cooled to the initial temperature of the fuel anel air and when the water vapor formed during combustion is 

### con- densed. The higher heating value is 

### usually expressed in Btu's per pound, Btu's per cubic foot for gaseous fuel, or Btu's per gallonfor liquid fuel.

1.18 "Integral draft diverter" means a device which is 

### an integral part of a vented heater, designed to (1) 

### provide for the ex- haust of the products of combustion in the

. " event of no draft, back draft, or stoppage

beyond the draft diverter,

.(2) prevent a back draft from entering the vented veater, (3) neutralize the stack action of the chimney or gas 

### vent upon the operation of the ventedheater.

11.19 "Draft hood" means a device which performs the same function as an integral draft diverter, but is 

### not an integral part of the vented heater, and is 

### connected to the vented heaterby a shortlength offlue pipe.

1.20 "Vent pipe" means the passages and 'conduits in a direct vent system through which gases pass from the combustion chamber to the outdoor air. •

1.21 "Inflltration parameter" means that portion of unconditioned outside air drawn into ,the heated space as a consequence of loss of conditioned air through the exhaust system of a vented heater.

1.22 ,"Vaporizing type oll burner" means a device with an oll vaporizing bowl or other receptacle designed to operate by vaporizing liquid fuel oll by the heat of combustion, andmlxing the vaporized fuel with air.

. 1.23 "Air 

### tube" means a tube which car- ries combustion air 

### from the burner fan to theburnernozzle for combustion.

1.24 "Stack damper" is 

### a device installed downstream of the integral draft diverter, dr8.ft hood, or barometric draft regulator, designed to· open the venting system when the appliance is 

### in operation and to close off the venting system when the appliance is 

### in the standby condition.

1.25 "Flue damper" is 

### a device installed between the furnace and the integral draft -dlverter. draft hood, barometric draft regu- lator or, vent terminal whiOh is 

### not' equipped with a draft control device, designed to open the venting system when the appliance is 

### in operation and to close the venting system when the appliance is 

### in a standby condition.

1.26 "Heating capacity" (Qou\) 

### means the rate of useful heat output 'from a vented heater, operatlDg under steady state conditions, expressed inBtu's perhour. Forroom and wall heaten;, it is 

### obtained by multiply- ing the "heat input" (QIn) 

### by the steady state efficiency (n..) 

### divided by 100. For floor furnaces, it is 

### obtained by multiplying (A) the "heat lDput" (QIn) 

### by (B) the steady state efficiency divided by 100, minus the quantity (3.3)**(~).divided** 

### by 100, where**~** is 

### the jacket loss as determined in 3.4 of this

. appendix. 2.0 Testing conditions. 2.1 Installation oftest unit. 

### 2.1.1 Vented wall furnaces (including direct vent systems). Install gas fueled vented wall furnaces for test as specUied in Sections 2.1.3 and 2.1.4 ofANSI Z21.49-1975. Install gas fueled wall furnaces with direct vent systems for test as described in 2.1.3 and 2.1.4 of ANSI Z21.44-1973. Install oU fueled vented wall furnaces as specified in UL-730-1974, Section 33. Install oll fueled vented wall furnaces with direct vent sys· tems as specified inUL-730-1974, section 34.

2.1.2 Vented floor furnaces. Instnll vented floor furnaces for test'as specified in sections 35.1 through 35.5 of UL standard 729-1976.

2.1.3 Vented room heaters. Install in ac- {:ordance with manufacturer's instructions.

2.2 Flue andstack requirements. 

### 2.2.1 Gas fueled vented home heating equipment' employing integral draft di· verters and draft hoods (excludiDg direct vent system). Attach to, and vertically above the outlet of gas fueled vented home heating equipment employing draft dl· verters or draft hoods with verticnlly dis· charging outlets, a five (5) foot long test stack having a cross sectional area the srune size as the draft diverter outlet. Cover the test stack with insulation having an R value of not less than 7 ('F-BR-Ft'/Btu) and an outerlayerof alwniDum foll.

Attach to the outlet of vented heaters having a horizontally discharglDg draft 

### cUverter or draft hood outlet a 90 degree elbow, and a five (5) foot long vertical test () stack. A horizontal section of pipe may be used on the floor furnace between the 

### cU· verter and the 'elbow if 

### necessary 

### to clear, any framing used in the installation. Use the minimum length of pipe posslblo for this section. Use staCk, elbow, and horizon· tal section with same cross sectional aren as the diverter outlet. Cover with insulation having an R value of not less thlUl 7 (OF-lIR_ Ft'/Btu), and an outer layer of alwnlnum foll.

2.2.2 Oll fueled vented home hoatlDg equipment (excludiDg direct vent systems). Use flue connections for 011 

### fueled vented floor furnaces as specified in section 35 of UL 729-1976, section 34.10 through 34.18 of UL 730-1974 for oll fueled vented wall fur- naces and sections 36.2 and 36.3 of UL 896- 1973 for ventedroom heaters.

Allow no openiDg on the oll heater botween the heater and the point where the flue gas sample is 

### to be taken or the flue ({lIS termperature Is 

### to be measured. U a barometric draft regulator is 

### incorporated in the heater, it shall be sealed during all tests. Cover all elbows and flue connectors between the- heater outlet and a point 12 inches (304.8mm) downstream of the thermocouple location described in sectlon 2.6 with insulation having an R value not less than 7 (OF-BR-Ft'/Btu) IUld an outer lnyer ofalwniDumfoll.

2.2.3 Direct vent systems. Have the ex· haust/air intake system supplied by the manufacturer in place during all 

### teats. Test units intended for installation with a varl· ety of vent pipe lengths with the minimum length recommended by the manufacturer. Do not connect a heater employing a direct vent system to a chimney or induced draft source. Vent the gas solely on the provision for venting incorporated in the heater and the vent/air intake system supplied with it. On units which are not designed to preheat the incoming air, cover the first 18 inches of vent pipe downstream of the heater outlet with insulation having an R value of not

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 4:1, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978less than '1 ('F-HR-ft'jBtu) and an outer layer of aluminum foil. Care should be taken to not block the air intake with insulation.

For units designed to significantlypreheat the incoming combustion air. co\"er all sur· faces of the vent/air intake system exposed to ambient air where the combustion air temperature exceeds the room temperature by more than 30' F 16.'1C) with insulation having an R value not less than '1 ('F·BRft'/Btu) and a layerofaluminumfoil.

2.3 Fuel supply. 2.3.1 Natural gas. For a vented heater utilizing natural gas, maintain the gas supply to the unit under test at

### a normal inlet test pressure immediately ahead of all controls at '1 to 10 inches water column. Maintain the regulator outlet pressure at normal test pressure approximately at that recommend· ed by the manufacturer. Use natural gas having a specific gravity of approximately 0.65 and a higher heatlng value within ±5 percent of 1,025Btuperstandard cubicfoot. Determine the actual higher heating value in Btu's per standard cubic foot for the natural gas to be used in the test with an error no greaterthanonepercent.

2.3.2 Propane gas.For a ventedheateruti· lizing propane gas, maintain the gas supply to the unitunder test at

### a normalinletpres- sure of 11 to 13 inches'water column and a specific gravity ofapproximately 1.53. Maintain the regulator outlet pressure, on units so equipped, approximately at that recom· mended by the manufacturer. Use propane having a specific gravity of approximately 1.53 and a higher heating value withlIi ±5 percent of 2,500 Btu's per .standard cubic foot. Determine the actual higher heating value in Btu's per standard cubic foot for the propane to be used in the test With an errorno greaterthan one percent.

2.3.3 Other test gas. Use other test gases with characteristics as described in section 2.2, table VII. of ANSI Standard Z21.1l.1- 1974. Use gases with a measured higher heating value within ±5 percent of the values specified in the above ANSI stand· ard. Determine the actual higher l\eatlng value of the gas used in the test with an errorno greater than one percent.

2.3.4 Oil supply. For a vented heater uti· lizing fuel oil, use No.1 fuel all (kerosene)

- for vaporizing type burners and eitherNo.1

or No.2 fuel oil, as specified by the manu· facturer, for '1nechanlcal atomizing type burners. Use No.1 fuel oil with a viscosity meetingthe specification as specifiedin UL730-1974, section 36.9. Use test fuel con· forming to the specifications given in tables 2 and 3 of ANSI Standard Z91.1-1972 for No.1 andNo.2 fuel oil. Measure the higher heating value of the test fuel with an error no greaterthanonepercent.

2.3.5 Electrical supply. For an auxiliary electric component of a vented heater. maintain the electrical supply to the test unit within one percent of the nameplate voltage for the entire test cycle. Ifa voltage range is used for nameplate voltage. main· tain the electricalpupply within one percent of the mid·point of the nameplate voltage range.

2.4 Burner

### adJustments. 2.4.1 Gas burner adjustments.Adjust the

. burners of gas fueled vented heaters to

their maximumBturatings at the testpres· sure specified in 2.3 of this section. Correct the burner input rate to 60· F <l5.6C) and 30 inches of mercury barometric pressure and within ±2 percent of the hourly Btu rating specified by the manufacturer as 

### RULES AND REGULATIONS
measured after 15 minutes of operation starting with all parts of the vented heater at room temperature. Set the primary air shutters in accordance with the manufac· turer's recommendations to give & good flame at this adjustment. Do not allow the deposit of carbon during any test specl!led herein.

If a vent lImiting means is provided on a gas pressure regulator. ha\"e It in pl&cc during all tests.

2.4.2 Oll burner adjustments. Adjust the burners of oU fueled ,ented heaters to give the CO. readingrecommendedbythemanu· facturer and an hourly Btu input, during the .steady-state performance 

### test described below. which is within plus or minus 2 per. cent of the heater manufacturer's specWed normal hourlY Btu lnput rating. On units employing a power burner do not allow smoke in the flue to exceed a No. 1 smoke during the steady-state performance test 

### as measured by the procedure in ANSI Stand· ard Z11.l82-1965 (R1971> (ASTM D 2156- 65(1970». If. on units**employln~** & power burner. the smoke in the flue exceeds 

### a No. 1 smoke during the study·state test. read· just the burner to give & lower smoke read· ing, and, If necessary a lower CO. reading. and start all tests over. Maintain the aver· age draft over the fire and in the flue during the steady-state performance test at that recommended by the manufacturer and draft fluctuations at less than 0.005 inches of water gauge. Do not nake addl· tional adjustments to the burner during the required series of performance tests.Thein· struments and measuring apparatus for th1s test are described in Section 6.3 of ANSI StandardZ91.1-1972.

2.5 Clrculating air**~tments./** 2.5.1 Forced air vented wall furnaces (in· cluding direct vent systems).**Durin~** tests maintain the air flow throughthe heater 

### as specl!led by the manufacturer and operate the vented heater with the ouUet air tem· perature between 80' F and 130' P above room temperature. If adjustable air discharge registers 

### are pro\ided, adjust them so as to provide the ma.'Cimum possible air restriction. Measure air dlscharge tempera· ture as specl!led in Section 2.U of ANSI Z21.4.9-1975.

2.5.2. Fan type vented room heaters and floor furnaces. During tests on fan type fur· 

### naces and heaters, adjust the air flow through the heater as specUledby the man· ufacturer. If adjustable air c:llscharge registers 

### are provided. adjust them 

### to pro\'lde themaxImumpossible airrestriction.

2.6 Localfon of temperat'llTe nu:a.suring 

### imtrumentation.

2.6.1 Gas fueled vented home heating equipment (lncluding direct vent systems). For units employing an lntegral dra!t dI· verter. install nine thermocouples. wired in parallel. in 

### a horIzontal plane in the five foot test stack located one foot from the test stack inlet. Equallze the length of aU thermocouple leads before paralleling. Locate one thermocouple in the center of the stack. Locate eight thermocouples alon&' imaginary lines intersecting at right &niles in this horizontal plane at points one t.hlrd and two thirds of the distance between the centerof the stackand the stack Viall.

For units which employ a draft hood or units which employ a direct vent system which does not Significantly preheat the in· coming combustion air, install nine thermocouples. wired in parallel, in a horizontal planelcx:a.ted wIthin 12 inches (304.8

### mm> of the heater ouUet and upstream of the draft 

## 20183
hood on units so equlpped. Locate one ther· mocouple in the center of the pipe and eIght thermocouples along Imaginary lines**intersectin~** at right angles in this horizontal plane at points one third and two thirds of the distance between the center of the pipe andthepipewalL

For units ."hlch employ direct vent systems that sIinl!Icantly preheat the incoming combustion air. In.stall nine thermocou· pIes, wired in parallel. In

### a plane parallel to and located within 6 inches <152.4 mm) of the \"ent/alr intake terminal. Equa1.lze the length of all thermocouple leads beforepar. alleling. Locate one thermocouple in the centeroftheflue pipeand eightthermocou· pIes along Imaginary lines intersecting at rightangles in thisplane atpoints onethird and two thirds of the distance between the centerofthefluepipeandthepipewaIl.

Use bead·type thermocouples hartng wire size not greater than No. 24 American Wire Gauge (AWG>. Ifthere is 

### a possibility that the thermocouples could recel\"e direct radio ation from the fire. Install radiation shields on the fire side of the thermocouples only and posUfon the shields so that theydo not touchthethermocouplejunctIons.

Install thermocouples for measuring con· dltioned 

### warm air temperature as described in ANSI Z21.49-19'15. section 2.14 establish the temperature of theinletairbymeans of 

### a slngle No. 24 AWG bead·type thermocou· pIe. suitably shielded from direct radiation and located in the center of the plane of eachinlet airopening.

2.6.2 

### on fueled \"ented home heating equipment (inclUding directvent systems).

Installnine thermocouples.wired Inparal. leland having equallength leads, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the flue pfpe. Locate this plane at the position shown In Figure 3i.4 of UL 730-1974. or FIgures 35.1 and 35.2 of UL'129-1976 for 

### a s:lngle thermocouple. except that on direct vent systems which signifIcantly preheat the Incoming combustion air. it shall be located within 6 inches (l52.4mm) of the ouUet of the ventI air intake termlna1. Locate one thermocou· pIe in the center of the flue pfpe and eight thermocouples along Imaginary lines intersecting at right angles in this plane at points one t.hlrd and two thirds of the dls

### tance between the center of the pfpe and pfpewalL



### Use bead·type thermocouples having 

### a. wire slze not greater than No. 24 AWG. If thereIs a poalbilitythatthethermocouples could receJve direct radiation from the fire, In.stall radiation shields on the fire side of the thermocouples only and position the shields so that they do not touch the thermocouplejunctions.

Install thermocouples for measuring the conditioned warm air temperature as deIICrfbed in section 35.12 through 35.17 of UL '130-197i. Establish the temperature of the inlet air by means of a s:lngle No. 24 AWG bead·type thermocouple. suitably shielded from direct radiation and located in the center of the plane of each inlet air open- ing.

2.'1 CombU3tion mta.sun:ment 

### imtrumen· tation. Analyze the samples of stack and flue cases for vented heaters to determine the concentrationbyvolume of carbondlox· idepresent in the dry gaswith instruments· Hon which wlllresultin a readinghaving an ac:curacy of ±O.1percentagePOints.

2.8 EnawflClD wtrumentation. Install one or more instruments, which measure the rate of gas flow or fuel oll supplied 

### to the \"ented heater. and if appropriate. the

FEDERAL REGlmR, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978

## 20184

.electrical energy with an error no greater than one percent.



### 2.9 Room ambient temperature. During the time period required to perform all the testing and measurement procedures speci- fied in section 3.0, maintain the room temperature within ±5' F (±2.8C> of the value TIL\ measured during the steady state per- formance test. At no time during these tests shall the room temperature exceed 100' F (37.8C) or fall below 65' F <18.3C). Use the procedure outlined in section 2.1.14 ofANSI Standard'Z21.47-1973 to measure room temperature.



### 2.10 Equipment used 

### to measure mass flow rate influe and stack. The tracer gas chosen for this task should have a density which is less than or approximately equal to the density of air, 

### and be of a different chemical species or different concentration from the flue or stack gas to be measured. Use a gas unreactive with the environment to be encountered.,Using instrumentation of either the batch or continuous type, meas- ure the concentration of tracer gas with an accuracy of ±2 percent of the value of the concentrationmeasured.



### 3.0 Testing and measurements. 3.1 steady-state testing. 3.1.1 Gas Fueled Vented Home Heating Equipment (Including DirectVent Systems).

Set up the vented heater as specified in 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3. Begin the steady-state per- formance test by operating the burner and the circulating air 

### blower, on units so equipped, with the adjustments specified by 2.4.1 and 2.5, 

### untU steady-state conditions are attained as indicated by a temperature variation of not more than 3' F (1.7' C) in the stack gas temperature for vented heat- ers equipped with draft diverters or 5' 

### F (2.8' C) in the flue gas temperature for vented heaters equipped with either draft hoods or direct vent systems; in 

### three successive readings taken 15 minutes apart.

On units employing draft diverters, meas- ure the room temperature (TIL\) as described in 2.9 and measure the steady-state stack gas temperature (Ts• ss.x) 

### using the nine thermocouples located in 

### the 5foot test stack as specified in 2.6.1. Secure a sample of the stack gases in the plane where Ts• ss•

x 

### is measured and determine the concentration by volume of carbon dioxide (Xco.,s) 

### present in dry stack gas.

On units employing draft hoods or direct vent systems, measure the room temperature (TIL\) as described in 

### 2.9 and measure the steady-state flue gas temperature, (Tv .ss), 

### using the nine thermocouples located in the flue pipe as described in Section 2.6.1. Secure a sample of the flue gas in the plane of temperature measurement and determine the concentration by volume of CO. (:&:co..F) 

### present in dry flue gas. In addition, for units employing draft hoods, secure a sample of the stack gas in a horizontal plane in the five foot test stack located one foot from the test stack inlet; and determine the con- centration by volume of CO. (Xco

..s) 

### present in dry stack gas.

Determine the steady-state heat input rate (QIn) 

### including pUot gas by multiplying the measured higher heating value of the test gas by the steady-state gas-mput rate corrected to standard conditions of 60' F and 30 inches of mercury. Use measured values of gas temperature and pressure at the meter and the barometric pressure 

### to correct the metered gas flow rate to standard conditions.

Measure the steady-state electric power to the power burner (PE) and the steady state electrical power to the conditioned air blower (BE), on units so equipped. 

### RULES 

### AND REGULATIONS
After the above test measurements have units so equipped, during the first 3 minutes been completed on units employing draft di- of the off period and then tumit off, unless verters, secure a sample of the flue gases at the vented heater employs a single motor to the inlet to the draft diverter and determine drive a power burner and an indoor' air cir. the concentration of CO. (:&:co..v) 

### present. In culating blower in which case both shall be obtaining this sample of flue gas, move the turned off together. For oU fueled vented sampling probe around to assure that an
- heaters not equipped with stack dampers,. average valueis obtainedfor the Co.concen- maintain the draft in the flue pipe within tration. For units with multiple heat· ex- -0.001 and +0.005 inch of water gauge of changer outlets, draw and weight a sample the manufacturers recommended on-period from each outlet to obtain the average Co. average draft if the optional test in 3.0 is 

### concentration for the unit. Block the draft being carried out, and within ±0.01 inch of diverter relief opening and cover the draft water gauge of the average steady.state diverter and flue gas collection box (on a draft if 

### it is not. For a direct vent system power**ve~ted** 

### unit) withinsula.tion having

### an with a flue damper or a vented hoater R value no less than7 ('F-BR-ft 2/Btu) and equipped with both a stack damper and a an outerlayer of aluminum foll. However, if 

### barometric damper, close the flue or stack thedesign is suchthatapplyinginsulationto damper during the cool down test. Keep the all areas ofthe draft diverter housing would main burner(s) off untU equUlbrium condi. result·in a reduction of normal air flow over tions are attained, as indicated bY variations the heat exchanger, do not insulate those in the flue gas temperature of not more areas of the draft diverter housing. If 

### the than 3' F (1.7' C) between three succcsnivo unitis turnedoffduringtheprocess ofblock- readings taken 15 mlnutes apart. For units ing the diverter relief opening, 

### run it untll employing a continuously burning pllot steady-state conditions (as defined above) light, take a third flue gas temperature are again achieved. Then, progressively re- measurement to determine the oft·perlod strict the teSt stack outlet untU the concen- minimum flue gas temperature (TV • 

### OFF
. (co». 

### tratlon of CO. in flue gas samples secured For units not employing a continuously

·from the test stuck in theplane where Ts.ss.x 

### burning pUot light, set T,.OFF. (co) 

### equal to was measured is within ± 0.2 percentage the room temperature TIL\. During this cool points ofthepreviously determined value of down test, measure the energy input rate to**~v.Measurethefluegastemperature(Tv.S3)** 

### the pUot light (Qp), if 

### the unit is 

### so usliig the nine thermocouples located in the equipped, within an accuracy of ±3 percent. 5 

### foot test stack as specified in 2.6.1. ·Record all measured values.

3.1.2 OU Fueled Vented Home Heating 3.3 

### Flue gas temperature measurement.7- -Equipment (Including Direct Vent Sys- 

### heat up test. No heat uP. test shall be per·

tems). 'formed for oU fueled vented heaters t d h t equipped with vaporizing type burners. For Set up and adjust the ven e ea er as all other vented heaters, after equUlbrium specified in sections 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3.4. Begin conditions are achieved following the cool the**stea4Y-s~te** 

### performance testby operat- down test and the required measurements ing the burner and the circulating air 

### performed turn on the vented heater and blower, on unit,'; so equipped, with the ad- measure the flue gas temperature, using the justments specified by 2.4.2 and 2.5 untll nine thermocouples described above at 0.5 steady-state conditions are attained as indi- (T (t 

### » d 2 5 (T 

### «» minutes**-~t"** 

### cated by a temperatu1:e variation of not Mit' 

### an
. Mit

.. ... 

### vr more than 5' 

### F (2.8' C) in the flue gas tem- the main burner(s) comes on. Keep the perature in three successive readings taken indoor air 

### circulating fan off, on units 

### so 15 minutes apart

. equipped, during the first 

### 1.1; minutes of

. this warm up test and then turn It on unless Do not allow smoke In

### the flue, for units the vented heater employs a single motor to equipped with power burners, to exceed a drive a power burner and an Indoor air eir. No. 1 smoke during the steady-state per- culating blower. in which case start both to-**fo~ce** 

### test as measured bythe procedure gether. Record the measured temperatures. descnbed in ANSI Standard Zll.182-1965 During the heat up test for 

## au fueled vented (R1971) (ASTM 

### D 2156-65 (1970». Maintain heaters maintain the draft in the flue pipe the average draft over the fire and in the within ±0.01 inch of the manufacturer's breeching during the steady·state perform- recommended on.period draft. ance test at that recommended by the man- 3.4 

### Jacket loss measurement. Conduct a ufacturer and do not allow draft· fluctu- jacket loss test for vented floor furnaces. atlons to exceed 0.005 inches ofwater gauge. Measure the jacket loss**(~)** 

### in accordance

· Measure the room temperature (TIL\) as with the ANSI standard Z21.4£J..1976 Section described in 2.9 and measure the steady 2.12. andrecord result. stateflue gas temperature (Tv.ss) 

### using nine 3.5 

### Measurementfor determining e!!ectlve. thermocouples located in the flue pipe as 

### ness ofautomatic stack damper. Determine described in 2.6.2. Secure a sample of the the effectiveness of an automatio stack flue gas 

### in the plane of temperature mea- damper (Do), in vented heaters so equipped, surement and determine the concentration by measurlpg the cross sectional area of the by volume of CO. (Xco..v) 

### present in dry

### flue stack (As), 

### the net area of the damper plate**~as.** 

### (AD) (the area of the damper pInte minus

Measure and record the steady-state heat the area of any 

### holes in the plate), and the input rate (QID) 

### and the steady-state electr!- angle which the damper plate makes when cal power to the power burner (PE) 

### and the closed with a plane perpendicular to the conditioned air blower (BE), on units so axis 

### oftlie stack. The equation in section 4.2 equipped. is then employed to calculate Do.



### 3.2 Flue temllerature measurements-cool 3.6 

### Optional procedure for determining down test. After steady-state testing is com- Dp, D" 

### and Ds 

### for systems equipped with pleted, turn off the malIl burner and meas- 

### power burneT&. On power burner systems ure the flue gas temperature by means of not employing automatic stnck dampero, or the nine thermocouples described above, at power burner systems with a stack damper

· 1.5 (TV •

### OFF (t.» and 9 (TV • 

### OFF (t.» minutes. and a draft diverter or draft hood, measure after the burner shuts off. Bypass the Dv 

### during the cool dovm test described in damper control on units employing stack section 3.2. On systems for which the flue or dampers and draft diverters or draft hoods stack damper is to be closed during the cool so that the damper remains open during the down test described in section 3.2, measure cool down test. During this off-period, oper- Dp during a separate cool down test. Can· ate the indoor ali circulating blower, on duct this separate cool down test after the

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-:-WEDtJESDAY, MALlO, 1978

### heatup 

### test described in section 3.3 Is 

### com- pleted. Conduct the testby letting theunit 

### run after 

### theheatup 

### test untn steadY-state conditions arereached, 

### as indicated bytemperature variation of not more than

### plus or' minus 5" F (2.8" 0) 

### in the flue gas 

### temperature in three successive reacUngs 

### taken 15



### - minutes apart, and then shutting the unit

off with the stack 

### or flue damper controls by-passed or adjusted 

### so that the stack 

### or flue damper remains 

### open during theresulting 

### cool down per[od. If 

### a draft was maintained 

### on on fueled units in the flue pipe during thesteadY-state performance testdescribed in section 3.1, 

### maintain the same draft (within 

### a range of -.001 

### to +.005 

### inches ofwater gauge ofthe average steady

### statedraft) during thiscool

### down period.



### Measure the flue gas 

### mass flow rate (nq.orr> 

### during the cool,down 

### test described above at a specific off-period flue gas 

### temperature and corrected to obtain 

### itsvalue at thesteadY-state flue gas

### temperature (TF.$I)' 

### usingtheprocedure describedbelow.

Within one minute after 

### the unit Is 

### shut offto startthe cool down 

### testfor determinIng Dp, 

### begin feeding a 

### tracer gas 

### into the combustion chamber at a constant flow rate ofVTo 

### and ata paintwhich

## wm allow for the best 

### possible mixing 

### with the air 

### flowing through the chamber. (On 

### units equipped 

### with an on fired 

### power burner. the best location for injecting this 

### tracer gas 

### appears tobe through a hole drilled inthe air tube.) 

### Periodically measure the value of V T 

### with an instantaneously reading 

### flow meter having 

### an accuracy of :1:3 percent of the quantity measured. Maintain VT 

### atless

### than 1 

### percent of the air 

### flow rate through the furnace. If 

### a combustible tracer gas Is 

### used, there should be a delay period between the time the unit Is 

### shut off and the time the tracer gas Is first 

### injeCted to prevent igni

### tion ofthetracer gas.



### Between 5 

### and 6 

### minutes after 

### the unit Is 

### l'hutoffto 

### startthe 1:901 

### down 

### test.**measur~** 

### theflue gas 

### temperature. T"r.- 

### using the 9 

### thermocouples described above. Atthe same lnsta.D,t the flue gas 

### temperature Is 

### meas- ured, also 

### measure the. percent volumetric concentration of 

### tracer gas 

### Or in the flue gas 

### in the same plane where T"r_ Is 

### determined. 

### Obtain the concentration of 

### tracer gas

### using aninstrumentwhich

## wm result In 

### anaccuracy of ±2

### percentIn

### thevalue of Or measured. If 

### use of a continuous reading type instrument results In 

### a delay time between drawing of 

### a sample and Its analysis, 

### this delay should be taken into account so thatthetemperature measurement and the measurement of

### tracer gas

### concentration c0- 

### incide. In 

### addition, determine the temperature of the 

### tracer gas 

### entering the flow meter (TT) 

### andthebarometricpressure (P a). 

### The rate of the flue gas 

### mass flow through the vented heater and the factors Dp, 

### Dr, and Ds 

### are calculated by the equa- tions in sections 4.3.1, 

### and 4.3.3,

### of this 

### Ap- pendix.

4.0 CALCULATION OF DERn-ED RESULTS FROll TEST MEASUREMENTS.

4.1 Annual Fud Utilization Ejliritncll for (;(l$ or Oil Vented Home Heat/fill Eljuipmmt. Thefollowing calculations lire to be performed to determine the annual fuel nllli:aUon elliciency ofgas or oil vented hom!) heating equipment. Figure 10 provides anillustrationofa worksheet wblch may be used to tabulate the results of test meastuementsandcalculations.

4.1.1 Systemnumber. Determinethesystem**num~** for thetype ofventedheaterbeingtested in 8IlCOrdante with Tablet or2-

4.1.2 Ratio of c:ombustlon air tIIlISS flow rate to stoichiometric air tIIlISS flow rate. Determine the ratio of combustion air mass flow rate to stoichiometrio air, mass flow rate. Rr.r, from Figure 1 Cor the**tes~** fuel. by USing the value of dry flue gas CO. concentration. Xco:P, determined in accordance with section 3.1 of thisAppendix. 

### RULES AND REGULATIONS

4.1.3 Ratio of c<lmbusl1on and**n:U~f** aIr

# = IWw rate to**st(llchlom,tTl~** air

# = flow nile. For**Si~Clll5 emplo~**  anlntfVO).l dmftdl,,-crttrordral'1 bvA.driermine Ihe rot/o of the sum of combustion n!ld rcl!d aIr mnss flow rata to**stO!~blolllrtrl~!Ilr** tn:l.!3 flGW mtt! Rr,6, from Fll:Uro 1for thotypeortest(ucl.bYWIm:tho\<lIUG ofdry**st~k** gas COlc<lnrultratlon. .Yc:owr, dt!erm.lncl. in n=rd:mcewith Ik"'('Uon3.1 oftblsAl'lX'n<:liL

4.1.4.**A~e** s;:nslb!1I bC:lt 1t>5S o.t fulJ.!!i:d**t!Qd~'** stateoperation.**F(!r8~'Stcms**cmpto),los: anInlc;tmldmft dinrtel'. dcl.ennlnethoo.,,-cro;;o s;:r.slb!Q hC:lt 1!:'!3 o.t fullload steo.d),"Slaw OlJ(ratlon**14~**• ..t. UI'=d 1:3 n percent,from FIJ;U!'(l2WIlli:tI.o Vollul.'o( Rr ,6dc!crminei1 In 4.1.3, thetypeoflestrutl, and '" Ts...!.5. \Tbml
whero 

### A.Ts.ss=T

.... - Ttl& Tsa=mC3SUml staek 1:""..3 temperature o.t**CulH~d** stcad)'-5bteoJ)Cr.ltiondctcrmintdlnc.-o:."!.b!:."O with**s;:~Uon** 3.1 of tbis Appendix, In**d~** Fallrenhclt Til.! "'measured room**tcm~rotureoUheoondlt!"nc<1** sjl:J.C8ln whleb tha nntl!d bC:l!n: 15 tested. in de;:recs**Fabrenb~Itl** dctmlllntdfn c.-ambllre with=tIon2.9oflulsApp"u<:h.t For systems not emplo)illlt an**tnl~** dmft dl,,-mer. determine tho**tlve~** s=lblc heat 1(Q tit full·lrod steady-st:lto opemtion. Ls.& A, ew=ro C3 tI Jl!'n:ent; from Figure' 2 wllllt tho 'I1'aIUtl of Rr.r detcmilnci.l In 4.1.2, thetypeoHestCue!, and AT,.&, WhEro where 

### A.T,.ss=T,.ss-Tn.t

T,.ss",flue I:1lS tcmpcroture o.t Cull.Jc::d stc:1dyo(;lllto opemUon dClcrmlnt1i in n..v.m.!:lnro v.ilh**~** lIon3.1oUhIsAppendis,in**d~Fallfo:nh~lt.** Tu "'asdefined tloo,,-e. 4.1.5**Stcad~·"Stato** eflldrncy. Cnlrubte tho stoflS'- state cffielenc)' (excluding J:leket**1~), ~~,** **exp=~4In** percent anddefined as

-wbera 

### 'I1ss= IOO-Lt

.....-Ls.ss

.. t Lr..A"'tlVemlltl btent hC:lt**!~!S** of thl) test flld dottmllnlld In o.ooord:lllt'll wltb Tal110 3, In pe=nt. LS.SS.A"'as deflnedIn••1.4. ••1.6 Average mtloohtc.ek 1:"'..:1

### m=fiow mtotofiuo I:tlS m= flow rote at full.JcrA stc:J.d)·"State operal!on. Dekmune tbll tltt1Ul:C rotlo of**sl~li:** I:1lS 

### m= flG." rata tl)**flu~** gas**m~** Itow rotll o.t**full.l~:d sto\l~'**  tlnta opmlUon SIF, from Tllhln 1or2 (,;1' tbes)'StCm**num~r** tobe te;ted.

For UlUts \\ilh Inlr;ml dmft**dI~~rte;s** or dmft hCld:J calculate tho qWll'lUty (1.3) (Rr**~!Rr.t').** U tlus caltnlated qWll'lUty Is greater than tho\1IIull ofSIFobt:unttl from Table 1 or 2. uso ItIn plore ofthe \<lIuo from tbe Table. In all Oilier c::lIrubUollS Inthis**~Uon** involi'lng thep:m:uncter SIF.

4.l.7**Etlul\'ll.l~nt** fldd sttu:k gas**tcm~ture** at full· load stcad)'-5tAte Opcr!ltlCII. Coltnbto**tb~** ¢qUl\'olmt field staek I;1l.S**~('mpcroture** o.t (uU·I(!!l.<i ttcid.-cto,to**Op~roUOII,** Tss,S, fJpressfd In**d~** Fo.hn:lllldt and drllm>das: 

### 1 

### TS.ES=

### S/F[T,.ss-Tn.d+Tod whrro

TI'.s3 as**d~finlld** InA.M T!lA as drfincdInU." SIF asdefmlld In 4.l.1J 4.1.6 On-c)oclll timo oonstnnt. Co.!wllto till'**on~1!Io** t1mr constant,

..... expressfd In mlnUtf$tuld ddlr.tdc.:I:

wbero 

## 20185

"'.12**}llnimumfl!l:lJ::tlStcml'~mtu:redllIerenreaba\'ll.** lOOm**t~mpcr.ltnl"\'.** Co.!Z!Ib!e the m!nlmum. fille gas**t~mpcr!lturo** dlt!crez:ro ol:aw ream tempera!ure.**y,.""Il'Ufi=~j**III**d~es**FnlIrellheIttIIld d;llneda3:
where

T,.aTrC

.. ) 1:3**d~Jl/l,."d** {n4.1.10 TI1A (Il**d~fined** {n4.1." "'.13 Minimum 

### stt!k 1>'...3**tem~ture** dllIerence**I!bQ\'~** room**t(!mf~r.l!ure_** C;!!:ahtethemlnlmum.stad:: i:0IS**t~mpcro!u.ri!** dll!nen:o ab."'Ve room**tem~m!ure.** Y6 C.ll'ul'=clln**d~:s** Fchrenllelt an:! defmed as:

FCi: S)"S!Cm5 numl;erl!d 1**t~** " and S¥Stelll5 5 tbrou,;:bSC:lrwb!cb**(S!FJD~>D,.** 'l's. ",.X (D,)('l', •.,.r) 

### (SIP) (Ds)

'l'8

....r='l', •
...

### r

.....1.**Bf!~ctlvc** st.c:k W**temf~mtu.re** difreren!:e' at shut-d!);m. Col::ubtcthl'**ef!C>..-Uv~sta<:k**Itas temperatura dUferenro ::t 5hllt-<h?1l. f:s.o.ll'**e:lipn'~d** {n degree:s**l'tIhr~nhdt** and**ddln~** C3:

For sr;nt'lll5 numJ;;cred 1 through 4. and**~elIl$** 5 tbro:l3bSCo:wh!::ll (SIFiD:s>D,. (D,) ('l',.o

..

## r> '1!s.o.X (8/,.)(D8) l1hml D, 1:3defined 1114.1.13

fr

.0.1' (Il definedfll4.1.l1 Sf, I:3definedln4.1.6 D:s I:3dcfim:dln".1.13 t"rmtemsnumtercd:;'Sfor wbldl (S!F)Ds;fiD, 'l's. o.

### x=

# '*".0. X

fEDERAl. REGISTER, VOL. 43, NO. 91-WEOHESDAY, MAY 10, 1978 

## ,

## 20186

Calculate the correction (actor which corrects (or tho effcct ofoutdoor airpassing through tho heat exchanger during the off·perlod. 0' e. defined as: 

### C's=I.22 4.1.18 MultlpUcntlon Cnctor for sensible bellt loss duringburneron-e}-clc. CoIeuln1eo multiplicationfactor' for senslbJo bcIl& IOliiI cliIJ1Ilg burner oo-eyelc, Es.oa' denncdns: 

### K 1000£(1+(

## n

...p)(Atp» S.m.... 

## HBV" Wbero Cp=O.24BtuIlCI'poand-dcgrooFIlhrenbett.SpecllIo heat ofalr Rr.p=as defined In 4.1.2 A/p=stolchlometrlc alr/(uel lOtiO determined In accordance with Table 3 llIlVA=average higher heating value o( the test (uol detennlned In accordance with Table 3, In Dtu'sperpound.

- 4.1.17 Multiplication (actorfor sensible heat loss durIng burneroff-cycle. Calculate a multiplication Cactor for sensiblehcatlossduringburneroff-cycle, KS.OFF, definea as: for systems numbered 1-4:
KS.OFF (TF. SS-TRA+530)1.19(DF) (K s.on) (TF.SS- TRA )0.56 whero

530cassumed average indoor temperature in degrees Rankine T,.BS as dcfincd In4.1.4 TRot as defincd In4.1.4 D, as defined In4.1.13 Ks... as defined In4.1.16 (or systcms numbered 5-8: 

### KS·9FP (Ts.ss- TnA +530)1.19(Ds) (8M (K s.on)**~** (Ts.ss-TRA+70-42)o.56 where

TS.S8 

## as defined In 4.1.7 DR as dcfined In4.1.13 S/, as defined In 4.1.6 Ks.o D as defined In4.1.16 " 530 as defined above 42 as definQd in4.1.15 70 as defincd In4.2.15 TRA as defined In 4.1.4 (or systems numbered !1-12: 

### K (T F

. ss -TR.4+530)1·19(DF )(Ks. on) S.OFF= (TF.ss-TRA+70-42)o.56 where

T,.ss as defined In4.1.4 D" as defined In 4.1.13 Ks. o • as defined In4.1.16 530 as defined above 42 as defined In 4.1.15 70 as defined In4.2.15 TRA as defined In4.1.4 4.1.18 JIIultiplication (actor (or infiltration loss during burncr on-cycle. Calculate a multiplication factor (or Inflltration loss during burner on-cycle, Kl. OD. defined as: • (or systems numbered 1-8:

where Kr. on= (CP)(8/F)(Ks. On)

4> cO.7 Infiltration parameter SI, as defined In4.1.6 • Ks.o. as defined In 4.1.16 • 4.1.19 Multiplication (actor (or Infiltrationloss dunng burner off-cycle. Calculate a multiplication (actor (or Inflltratlon loss during burner off-cycle Kl. 01/, defined as: (or systems numbered 1-8: K**(Ts.~s-TRA+530)1.19(Kr.on)(Ds)**

r.ol'F= Ts.ss(

- TRA +70-42)0.56 where

T".ss as defined In 4.1.7 530 as defined In4.1.17 42 as defined In4.1.15 Kl.oD as defined in4.1.18 Ds as defined in4.1.13 70 as defined In 4.2.15 TnA as defined in 4.1.4 4.1.20 Ratio of average burner on·time per cycle to on-cycle time constant. Calculate the ratio oC average burner on·time per cycle to on-cycle time constl!,nt, I••

/T••, defined as: 

### ton "Ton where

1 ••=3.87 minutes. the average burner on·time per cycle '

.... as defined In4.1.8 

### RULE!S AND REGULATIONS

4.1.21 Ratio cf average burner off·time per cycle to off-cycle time constent. Calculate the ratio of average burner off·time per cycle to off-cycle time constant. 1.I1IT.II. defined as: toll "Tolf where

.

1 0 11=13.3 minutes, the average burner oll·tlme per cycle '"oIl as dermed In4.1.10 4.1.22 Effective flue gas temperature difference at burner start-up**corr~cted** (or burner cycling effect. CBlculate tho effective flue gas temperature difference at burner start-uP. corrected (or burner cycling effect, 

### e".o. expressed In degrees Fahrenheit and deJlned as: Forsystems 1-8: Of'. 0= 

### (0,. on) (OF. O. X) For systems 9-12: OF. 0= (0 ,•onY< Os) (OF. o. X) where Ct.o. is gh'en by:
C,. on 1 

### 1 ("'''.o.x) (e)-lolI'TolI (TF.ss-TF.OFF(

# a;» (0,·. o. x)("'P. o.x)(e-(loD1ToD+toll/rolll) (Tp. 

### ss- TF. OFF( Q»)2 (or vaporizing type oifburners. 8v.0=0. where

8,.0.r as defined in4.1.9 Os as defined In4.1.15 

## "',.o.r as defined in4.1.11 toU/TolI as defined in4.1.21 t•.tToff as defined in4.1.20 T,.S8 as defined in4.1.4 T'.OF!(CO) as defined in 4.1.10

4.1.23 Effecti,·o flue gas t<>mperature difference at burner shut-down, corrected (or burner**cyclln~** effect. Calculate the eficctive flue gas temperature difference at burner shut-down, corrected (or burner cycltng effect, "'''. 0' For systems 1-8: "'F. 0= (C ,•olf) ("'Y.O.x) For systems 9-12: 

# "'F. 0= (C,. orr) (C 

### s') (,pl'. o.x) Where Ct. ollis given by:
C,. orr 1 where [ (OF.o.x}(e-loo'TOO) C

Iln 1 (T". ss- TF. OFF( Q») (OF. O. x) ("'F. o.x)(e-(l.·/roo+lolI/'oll» (TF. ss- 

### TF •OFF( Q) )2 OlID=I, (or units with continuously operating pilot light O.W, (or units with Intennittcnt ignItion • devices or cycling pilots

"".0.1" as dermed In4.1.11 Os' as defined In 4.1.15 8,.0.1" as defined in4.1.9 tofl/Tolf as defined in4.1.21 to./Too as defined In4.1.20 T'.B8 as defined in**4.1.~** TV.OFF(") as definedin4.1.10,

4.1.24 Effective minimum flue gas temperature dlf- (erence above reom temperature, corrected (or burner cycling effect. Calculate the effective minimum flue gas temperature difference above room temperature, 'll,

.... corrected (or burner cycling effect, expressed in degrees Fahrenheit and defined as: ,(or systems I!umbered 1-8: '1'F•

.. '1'F•

...X (or systems numbered9-12:

where

O's as denned In4.1.15 

## 'it,. "'. x as denned in4.1.12

- 4.1.25 Effective steck gas -temperature difference at burner shut-down, corrected (or burner cycling effect. CBlculate the effective stllck gns tClllperaturo dtaerNICO at bumershut-down J corrected for burnetrycUnl( elTect, 

# "'s.o. expressed In uegrees Jfahrenheit nud dellncd Wli (or systems 1-8:

### "'s. 0=

### 0,. oll"'S.O. X. where

C

..011 as defined in4.2.23 

# "'s,o. x as dcfined In4.2.11 4.1.26 Off-cycle sensible Utat loss IntegraUou (!lotors. For systems numbered 1-4. dotcnnlno**olf'cycl~** senslblo heat loss Integratien (actors, .(0"3 nnd }'4. (rom }o'igurcs :1 and 4, respectivelY, uslpg valucs of'll,. 0 delhtcd IU6cetion 4.1.23, and loll Toll defined hI seetiou4.1.21.**Forsystemsnumbercd5-8,dotermlneoff·oyd~sel1slblo** heat loss Integration (actors. FG aud }o'O. (rom**lo'I~urM** 5 and 6, respectively. using values of tits. o.**ll~nuod** 111 section 4.1.2.;, and loll/Tol/ donned In section 4.1.21.

For systems numbered 9-12. dotrrtnlM off'eyclo sensible heat loss Integration factors, }'u aud 1'0, Irtlltl Figures 5 and 6. respectively, using values of'll" 0 dofined In section 4.1.23, and loll/Toll dofined In section 

# 4.lll.27 Off-cycle Infiltratlen heat loss Intcgrallo1\ factors. For systems numbered**1-~.** llctermlttcd offcycle Infiltration heat loss Integration rnctors, }'7 nud P8, (rom Figures 7 and 8, respectively. using values o! '1(s.o defined In section 4.1.2,;. aud 101l1ToII delhlcd In section 4.1.21.

4.1.28 On-cycle senslblo heat loSS. Cnlculato tho on- cycle sensible heat loss or tho system. Ls.ON, oxpressed Inpercent and defined: (orsystems numbcred 1-8: LS.ON=Ls.sS,A 

### 1 ) I ) -(KS.ON)(9p.0) COO/Ton 

# (1-,0-;0: '

(or**~ystems** numbered 9-12: 1JS. ON

### = ("Cs) (Ls.S3. A
-K S

•O

N)(9f'.0) ColTJ 

# (1-0- !::)

whero

Cs as defined In 4.1.15**L.~.8S.A** as defined In 4.1.4 KS.ON as dcllned In 4.1.16 0, 

### ° as defined In·l.l.2"2 • 100iToD as Ileflned In 4.1.20 , 4.1.2'J Off·cycle sensible heat loss. Calcu\atO tho off-cycle sensible heat loss or tho system, Ls. OFF. oJ(' pressed In percent and dellncd as: (or systems numbered 1-4:
Ls. OFF= (K s•OFF)

## e:~)[(F3)+'1'f'. ",)(F4)], (or systems numbered 5-8: LS.OFF=(Ks.OFF)

# et:~) [(F5)

(or systemsnumbered IH2: 

# +('1's, 

### co.x) (F6)],
LS.OFP"=(KsOFP)

# G:~) [(F5)

where

KS.OFF toll Ion F'3, F4. F;;, and Fa 

### """,CD 'l!s.co ,x + ('1'11, co 

### )([16)],

as defined In4.1.17 as defined In 4.1.21 as defined In 4.1.20**a~** denned In 4.1.2G as defined In 4.1.21 lIS defined In4.1.13

4.1.30 On-cycle infiltration heat loss. Caleulatn tho on-cycle Infiltration hrat loss of tho systelll, LIoIJIl expressed In peteent and defined as: (or systems numbered 1-8: Ll. oN=Kr. ON(70-42), where

Kr.oN as defined In4.1.18 70 as defined In 4.1.4 42 as defined In 4.1.15 (or systems numbered 0-12: Lr.ON=O 4.1.31 Oft-cyclo Infiltration heat loss. Caleulato 1110 off-cycle Infiltration heat loss oC tho system Lr.orF exprc..<sed In percent and defined as:

FEDERAL REGISTER, V01.. 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978for systemsnumbered 143: LI.OFF=Kl.0FF(70-42)(;:) [(F7)

where

Kr on as defined in4.1.19 70 • as defined in4.1.15 42 as defined in4.1.15 411 as defined in4.1.21 te• as definedin4.1.20 Fl. F8 as definedin4.1.27 'i's.co.r ,!IS defined in4.1.13 lor systems numbered 9-12: 

# +**(~s.** 0>.x)(F8)]

Lr.OFF=O
4.1.32 Part·load [nel utilization efficiency. Calculato the part·load fuel utilization efficiency, e.tpressed in percentand defined as: for indoorunits

### X

### [L s,ON+Ls. OFF+L 1.ON

## +LI. OFFJ. Cor ventedfioorInmaces

where

Ci =3.3 [orvented floor [=es Qp =pilot flame fuel mput rate determined in**a~rord·** ance mth sec1:l0n 3.2 of this AppendIx, in Btu's per hour Qrli=full·load input rate (inrluding pilot flame fuel inpnt rate) determined in arcordanro mth**Ee~·** "tIon 3.1 ofthiS AppendIX. in Btu'sperheur L, =jacket loss det<>ritilned in accordance with sec- tlon 3.4 O[tlus Appendix, inlIercent LL. A as defined in**4.1~~** teo asdefinedin.1.1.20 totl as defined in4.1.21 Lt!. Oli as defined in4.1.28 LB. OFFas defined in4.1.29 Lt.o>< as defined in4.1.30 Lt. OFF as defined in4.L31 4.1.33 Annualfuel utih7.ation**cfficlenr~·. Cal~13te**  tho annnal fuel unllZlltlon effiCiency, EFFYA, defined as: where BFFy

....

## (1]~s) (5200)+(2.5) (1]")

# Cg;) (1.7) (4600) where

-

52OO=the average nnmber of annual heating degree days [or the l:'nited States 46OO=the average number o[non heating season hours per year that the energy to the pilot lJght Is assumedwasted 1.7 "'average vented heatersizing factor '188 "'as defined in4.1.5 'I_ "'asdefined in4.1.32 Qp "'as defined in4.1.32 OIl< "'as defined in4.1.32 4.2 Addttumal1lequirtmentBjIJr l'elltcd Home H(allng Equlpmrnll"tilrzi!lgaStack**~er** Fluf)7Jampcr. Calculate the stack (or flne) damper enectiveness, D., defined as: 

### RULES AND REGULATIONS 

# (A')I.t. (2.6) 

# Ts 

# J 5

D.= 

# 5+**(l-~r**
where

AD=A'DCOI (0) AsccroS'lS>.--:UOII:tl

# = d tho**ste~k** dctmnln!!d In**~** ccrtlanN' mth se;:Uon M**~r** tbb Al'pcndU

.. ln 5qUllIC**In~hes** .4.D=nH

## = or Ihe dnrup..or pbto drtmnlned In ce- alrdanro \\1th =lIon M ()[ tlUs Appl.'mhs. In squaro**ln~lles** O=tlle !Ulj:lo Iho dnrupn pbte m:tli:C3 Wllt'n**d~**

withn plane**~rpt'ndl~ubr**totheuxl"d**th~S1llZk** determine in =rd3nro With seclUm M**~{** thU 4.3

### ..r.rcCt~~~f IUqulrmcr:!4/cr "cr.lld Ifrx.-:t Ift-=!In, E;ulpr.lrnt Ullcln, IdeO( Alt/rr**Cao~!::l!l';)** ar.i

### If!!!'**Co~lto1.** For UnilS obUUnlns rombusl!Qn Illr aml WUlt control Illr from IllSlde**th~ ~dm~,**  tile OPProllf1310**fa~tor** descrlblllll UIO roUo c;[**t:m-c)'d~** sUl'I: l.ijw to (lUcycle flue flow IS;EI, the roUo 01 c/t-cFlo /lue**C~W** to on-cyo:Je flue flow at**Id~nttrol** tempqnlures ID,), and the roUo ofolt-crdeEu:d;; fiow to oll,,"ydQ**sta~k l!~w**  at IdrnUe:tl tcmperotUl't'S lD.5) fh:lll Ix.l dClmnlntd from Table 1.

4.3.1 Optional pnmduro C,rdetmnlr.!ltlQII d DrCar vented homo**ll~tllll:** rqnlpment**emp!~YIll;;:** n flOWfr burner.**CnI~ulat(' th~**  rauo (D,.)**~t** tha ro!t' c;1 fino j;I1!I m= flow t1lnlus:h the Wilted hl'::ltcr dum;;: tI!e c;1l pcntd, tn,.oFFI7'"M}: to therat(' or fiue I::!.:l

# = lbro' during the on·perlw,f:l'.s,5{T,,l<S), and**d~l1nN** os: D 1i1,.OFF(T,.ss)

p 

### 1i1,.ss(T,.ss) I For gas (uclro units or ell**lu~IN** unlls Crr**\\'W~h** no draftIs malntnlned during the ste:l'J), SllIle H rool d(l\lll tests: 

# riI,. OFR'( 

### T, ss) =1il" OFF(

# 11-, OFF) 

# x[ T,.ss-T nA

### J)~'**[~.OFF+4GOJ\.I~** TP.OFF-TnA T"b's+4GO
For 011 fueled unlls I('SIed with nn**1nlpo:~d** drnIt tl5 described In=Uon3.0: 

# m,. OFE.( 

### T,.ss) =1iI,.

### OFF(T~,OFF) where

T"s:J as**d~llned** In 4.1.4 T;,OFFCfluc gns**t~rnperoture** durin;: the GIf'pcr!t<l**m~<ured** In =r<bnte "11b**~UOII** 3.0 d tlUs Appt'ndlx.ln**d~ Fa!Jmlh~1t**  Tu as defined in4.1.4 

## 20187

4o:C=-convctt:Jn !l:to::' to convert**d~** Fahrenh!lt to**d~** Poilllklnf.' (IOO-Ce)VTP, 

# aT m,.oFF(T,.OFF)
whml

i'r=>/L-w rat£.' 

### ot tra..-er g:J3 thrcu;:h thl; vented beater mea.<uro! In a=dJn::e with section 3.G c! tbl.s AI'p£n<ln, in**ctlbl~** tett prrmlnute Cr=ro:lcentratioll**b~' vo:um~**  ot t=g33 pmrent In th3 llue gas**ramll:~** mea.-ured in**~onUnce** With :iectwn3.1jd thl3 Appendlx. Inpacent**',ath~** d,mitlo'**th~** fine g33 would have at**th~** tem- pcra!!UO 7', In lb, per en. teo Itmay be app:on- matedbyth!! cq1l3t.tJn:

whero

Rr.! IUdefined In 4.1.2 A[l-- as d?Jined In4.1.11) 

## Q,. as**d~Jined** InU.:l2 Jllll'A a.:; defmed inU.l5 4.3.2 Op!!jlUlpro«duretJrdetennIn3tiono!otr-eycle draft b.."tor br flue g33 lbW' tor vented h=e heating cqwpmrnt onp!:ll'in;: a power bumf'r_ Cs!cubte the**off·cy~Je** draftb.."tQr fr.llue g33l!ow,

# D,. defined as: fur system:! numberedZ. 4, Ii. 8. or 10: D,=(D,.)**furs~-stQD** numbtt 12:D,c(Dp)fJ).l, whm!

DI' as defined in4.3.l D. as defined in4.2 4.1.3 OptronalprocedureCordetermirotionorcff-cycIe draft !.1."tor t"r**~ck** g:l.l fijW' tilt' vented home hoating tQulpment Mnpb}'mg a**~**....er burnef'. t's!rnlate the**cff-<')'cl~** draft**~Dr**lilt' sta:kga.; tIc

....Ds. defined as: fur5)-stcm numlK-r2: D.s=1.0 CorS)ootem numbcr4:D.s:o(Q.79+D;}!1.4 Cilt'5)'St('JO numhttG:D.s""D. f"r5)'l't('JO numberS!

{ (DQ) (D,,), if D.S: lIeS/F) "Ds= (D )(D )+ (O.85-(DQ)(D,,»(Do-l/(S/F» if D 

# >_1_

o p (

__ 

# 1_) ." (SIF)

whrro

D, os deJ1nl'd In

...3.1 D. as ddlned In 4.2 . 1 (SIF)

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO, 9t-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1918

## 20188

. 4.4 Additional requirements for wall fur- nacea equipped with a direct vent system or

_ noor furnacea designed 

### to take combustion a.nd draft control air from an unheated space. For wall furnaces utilizing a direct vent system or floor furnaces designed 

### to take their combustion and draft control air from an unheated space (such as a crawlspace), determiile the appropriate SIF factor and OF factorfrom Table 2. If a unit is equipped with a power burner, OF, may be calcUlated as described in section 4.3.2 using the value of Op determined in section 4.3.1 of this section.

4.5 Additional requirements for vented home heating equipment which modulate or va71l fuel input without controUing exceas combustion air. Test a vented heater, which is equipped with a mechanism for reducing the rate of fuel inputbut does not provide a means for controlling excess combustion air, at its maximum flrlng rate in accordance with test procedures in Section 3. Use these 0 test resUlts 

### to calcuiate a seasonal efficiency and an annual operating cost which is based upon a single fixed fuel inputrate.

4.6 National average number of bUTner operating hours. Calculate the average number of burner operating hours, BOH, defined.as:
.

BOH=(A)(C)(2080)!average design heatIng requirement)-B(2080). where:

2080=national average annual heating

load hours average design heating re- quirement is expressed in KBtu/hr and is obtained from Table 4 using the propervalue of Qour, where:

00UT. tho capacity of the unit. equal to the quantities (OJ.n) ('Iss' for room and vall heaters and

A

B 160**~8": ~)_** fOr floor**furna~cca,** 100 ' , rounded off to the nearest 1000 Btulhr.

liB defined 1n 4.1.32

C=0.77, adjustment factor which serves 

### to

adjust the calculated design heating reRULES JlND REGULATIONS quirement and heatingloadhours

### to the actual heating load experienced by a heating system. PE=power burner electrical energy input

rate at full-load steady-state operation

- determined in accordance·with section

3.1 of this Appendix, inkilowatts. 2=ratio of thtl average length of a heating

season in hours 

### to the heating load hours. BE=circulating-air blower 'electrical

energy Input rate at. full-load steadystate operation determined in accord- ance with section 3.1 of this Appendix, inkilowatts. ' Y=1.00 for ,'ented heaters employing a

single motor 

### to drive a power burner and air circulating fan or blower, and 1.38 for all other vented heaters, the ratio of average blower on time 

### to aver- age burnertime. QIN=as defined in4.1.32. Qp=as defined in4.1.32. 7Ja=as defined in4.1.32. 100,OOO=factor that 'accounts for percent

andKBtu. 4.7 Average annual fuel energy consumption for vented home heating equipment. Calculate the average annual fuel energy consumption for vented heaters, Ev, ex- pressed inBtu'speryear, and defined as:

QIN as defined in4.1.32. Qp as defined in4.1.32. BOH as defined in4.6. 8760 

### total nwnber ofhours in a year. 4.8 Average annual auxiliaT1/ electrical energy consumption for ventecl home heating equipment. Calculate the average annual auxUlary electrical energy consump- tion, EAE, expressed in kilowatt-hours per year and de!ined as: EAE=(PE+y BE) (BOH)
where:

FE as defined in4.6. BE as defined in4.6. y 

### lis defined In 4.6. BOH as defined in4.6

.. 4.9 Average number of burner operating hoursfor ventecl home heating equipment located in differenfrgeographic regions of the Umted States ancl in buildings having dYferen( design heating requirements. Crucu· late the average number of burner operate ing hours for different typIcal desIgn heating requirements and for the geographlo re- gions of the United states, BOHR, definod as: BOHR=(C)(A)(HLH) (typical desIgn heating requirement)-B (HLH) where:

A.as defined in 4.6. HLH=heating load hours for a speclllc ge-

ographic region determined In accord- ance with the heating load hour map in Figure 9. (Typical design heating requIrQment) 

### as given inTable 4 for the approprIate vruue of Qour, where oab Is as defined in 4.6.

B as defined in 4.6. C as defined in4.6. A as defined in4.6. 4.10 Average annuaZ fuel energ1J con- sumption for ventecl home heating equipment locatecl in different geographic reg/ons ofthe Unitecl States in buildings with difler- ,ent design heating requirements. Calculate the average annual fuel energy consumption for a. specific geographIc region and for a speclfic typical design heating requirement, Ev.R' expressed in Btu's per year, and defined as: EF,R=(QIN-Qp) (BOHR )+(8760) (Qp) where:

QID as defined in 4.1.32. Qp as defined In 4.1.32. BOHR as'defined in4.9. 8760 as defined in4.8. ,4.11 Average annual au:ciliaT1/ electrical energy consumption for ventecl home heating equimnent locatecl in clifferent geographic regions ofthe UnUecl States ancl in buildings with clifferent design heating requirements. Calculate the a.verage annual auxiliary electrical energy consumptlon for !l. spe- clfic geographic region and for a speciflo typical design heating requirement, EM,R' expressed inkilowatt-hOurs per year and definedaA: EAE,R=(PE+y BE) (BOHR) where:

PE as defined in 4.6. BE as defined in 4.6. y as defined in4.6. BOHR as defined in4.9.

FEDERAL'REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 1978" 

### RULES AND REGULATIONS
Table 1 Factors Describing Air Flew Rate for Gas and Oll-F\lcled Vented Hare Heating EquiJ:Xl"6lt utilizing Indoor Air for Ccxrbustion and Draft COntrol

Units Without a Stack Darrper Units Hith a StaCk Daq::er but 

### with and Draft Hood or Draft Hood or 

## 20189

Type of Burner Draft Di'I.'erter Bararetric Draft Control Draft Diverter Bara:etric Draft ControlSysten i Atnospheric or 

### 1 Vaporizing
Power

## * 2 0 0 Sys- 0 D 5'jS- D D S'jS

### S/F F 

### S ten i 

### S/F F 

### S ten I 

### S/F F 5 ten I 

### 2.4 1.0 1.0 3 

### 1.4 1.0 1.0 5 

### 2.4 1.0 D 7 0 

### 2.4 0.4 1.0 4 1.4 0.4 0.85 6 

### 2.4 0.4 D 

### 8 0
",here

0' p O.4,if 0**~** 

### l/(S/F) 

### o
0.4 

### + (0.85

- (0.4) (D» (0

-**~S/F»** 

### o 0 , if 0 > 

### l/(S/F) D (1

- 

## lIt/F)) 0 

### o '!he above factors 

### were developed U} the Nat.ional Bureau of Standards and are based upon infoxmatioo in the public literature, lilboratory and 

### c:c:rrputer simulation st:u:lies conducted at 

## tms, and lal:oratory and field data obtained by several research**~inrG** under contract: to NBS and DOE. *A power bumer may incorporate a device on its air inlet

... ilich opens .the air inlet

... nen the aFPl.i.an:e is in operation and clO"..e5 the air inlet

... nen the aFPliance 

### is in the st:.:l.ndlT.l condition.



### Table 2 D 

### SIF F 

### 1.4 1.0

1.4 0.4



### Factors Describing Air Flow Rates for Gas or Oil-Fueled Vented Heaters Equipped with a Direct Vent System or a Floor Furnace

Type of Burner

Atmosphere or

Vaporizing Power**Un~ts W~thout**  

### A Stack or Flue Damper Units With a Flue Damper Ty£e of Draft System# DF System' DF None



# - barometric 9 

### 1.00 11 

### Do damper 10 0.40 12 0.-10 

### x D draft diverter 0



### The above factors were developed by the National Bureau of Standards and are based upon information in the public literature, laboratory and computer simulation studies conducted at NBS, and laboratory and field data obtained by several research firms under contract to NBS and DOE.

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 191. D

## s
D 0 (D ) (D')

0 p



### s/F
I



### 1.4 2.4tJ 

## 20190 RULES AND REGULATIONS 

### Table 3

Values of Higher Heating Value (HHV), A 

### Ratio (A/F), and Latent Heat Loss (L 

### L,A

HHV (Btu/1b) Fuels A No. 1 Oil 19,800
No. '2 Oil 19,50'0 Natural Gas 20;120 Manufactured Gas 18,,500 Propane 21,500
Butane 20,890

'rab1e 4**Stoi~hiometric** 

### Air/Fuel for Typical Fuels

L 

## (%) A/F(--) L,A

14.56 6.55 14.49 6.50
14.45 9.55 11.81 10.14 15.58 7 .99 15.36 7.79

Average and Typical Design Heating Requirements for Vented Heaters. with Different ,Output Capacities.

II. 

### Vented Heaters Output Average Design Typical Design ,

Capacity, Q

### OUT Heating Requirements Heating Requirements (Btu/hr) 

# ,. (KBtu/hr) (KBtu/hr)

5,000

- 10,000 5 5 11,000

- 16,000 10 5, 10 17,000,- 25,000 15 10, 15 26,000

- 34,000 ' 

# . 20 15, 20 35,000

- 42,000 25 20, 25, 30 43,000

- 51,000 30 ,25, 30, 35 52,000 59;000 35 30, 35, 40, 45 60,000 76,000 40 35, 40,**45~** 

### 50

FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 43, NO.**91-WEDNE~DAY,** MAY 10, 1978

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FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10. 1978 

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FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10, 19111 

## 20193

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FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 91-WEDNESDAY, MAY 10. 1918

## 20196



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