SliEU' :\0 ..... / ....... . 

RO l NO. ···- ··-<~ ......... . U )'On no l~er need this publication write to the Geological Sur»ey in Washlndon for ali 

official maillne label to use In returning it 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

CHEMICAL CHARACTER 

OF SURFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA 

Prepared In cooperation wilh the 

DIVISION OF MINES, MINING, AND GEOLOGY OF 'l'HE 

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 889-E 

' 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

Harold L. Ickes, Secretary 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

W. E. Wrather, Director 

Water-Supply Paper 889-E 

CHEMICAL CHARACTER 

OF SURFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA 

BY 

WILLIAM L. LAMAR 

Prepared in cooperation with the 

DIVISION OF MINES, MINING, AND GEOLOGY OF THE 

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 

Contributions to the Hydrology of the United States, 19~1-!3 

(Pages 317- 380) 

UN ITED STATES 

GOVEHNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON : 1944 

For sct le Ly Ll w S upcrinkntlent of Doc uments, U. S. Gov er nme nt Print ing Office, " ' asbingtou 25, D . C. 

Price 15 ce nl~ 

CONTENTS 

PageAbstract ___________________________________________ -----_--------- 31 T 

Introduction __________________ c ________________________________ -- _ 317 

Physiography_____________________________________________________ 318 

Climate__________________________________________________________ 820 

Collection and examination of samples_______________________________ 323 

Stream flow __________________________ --------- ___________ c ________ . 324 

Rainfall and discharge during sampling years_____________________ 324 

Water temperature________________________________________________ 325 

Composition of surface waters_______________________________________ 335 

Mineral constituents in solution_________________________________ 335 

Hardness _______________________________________ ~_____________ 339 

Color________________________________________________________ 339 

Oxygen consumed_____________________________________________ 340 

Suspendedmatter _______________ c_____________________________ 341 

Altamaha River___________________________________________________ 342 

Chattahoochee River-----------------------~----------------------- 343 

Etowah River_____________________________________________________ 344 

Ocmulgee River-----------------------------------------------c--- 344 

Oconee River_____________________________________________________ 345 

Ogeechee River_____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 345 

Satilla River______________________________________________________ 346 

Savannah River___________________________________________________ 347 

Analyses_________________________________________________________ 348 

Index____________________________________________________________ 376 

ILLUSTRATIONS 

FIGURE 16. Temperature -of water of Altamaha River at Doctortown, Ga., 

1937-38_____________________________________________ 326 

17. Temperature of water of Chattahoochee River near Vinings, 

1937-38--------------------------------------------- 327 

18. Temperature of water of Chattahoochee River at Columbus, 

1940--41_____________________________________________ 328 

19. Temperature of water of Chattahoochee River near Hilton, 

1940--41_____________________________________________ 329 

20. Temperature of water of Etowah River near Cartersville, 

1938-39_____________________________________________ 330 

21. Temperature of water of Ocmulgee River at Macon, 1937-38_ 331 

22. Temperature of water of Ogeechee River near Eden, 1937-38_ 332 

23. Temperature of water of Satilla River near Waycross, 1937-38_ 333 

24. Temperature of water of Savannah River near Clyo, 1938-39_ 334 

25. Analyses showing minimum and maximum mineral content of 

waters of Altamaha, Chattahoochee, and Etowah River_s___ 337 

26. Analyses showing minimum and maximum mineral content of 

waters of Ocmulgee, Oconee, Ogeechee, Satilla, and Savannah 

Rivers ________________ ------------------------------ 338 

In 
IV COl\"TEiKTS 

TABLES 

Pag<! 

TABLE 1. Air temperature (°F.) in Georgia, 1937-41__________________ 321 

2. Precipitation (inches) in Georgia, 1937-4L_________________ 322 

3. Temperature (°F.) of water of Altamaha River at Doctortown, 1937-38---------------------------------------- 326 

4. Temperature (°F.) of water of Chattahoochee River near Vinings, 1937-38_ __ __ ___ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ __ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ 327 

5. Temperature (°F.) of water of Chattahoochee River at Columbus, 1940--41_ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ 328 

6. Temperature· (°F.) of water of Chattahoochee River near Hilton, 1940--41__________________________________________ 329 

7 Temperature (°F.) of water of Etowah River near Cartersville, 

1938-39______________________________________________ 330 

8. Temperature (°F.) of water of Ocmulgee River at Macon, 

1937-38______________________________________________ 331 

9. Temperature (°F.) of water of Ogeechee River near Eden, 

1937-38---------------------------------------------- 332 

10. Temperature (°F.) of water of Satilla River near Waycross, 1937-38 __________ J___________________________________ 333 

11. Temperature (°F.) of water of Savannah River near Clyo, 1938-39______________________________________________ 334 

12. Analyses of water from the Altamaha River at Doctortown, 

1937-38______________________________________________ 352 

13. Analyses of water from the Chattahoochee River near Vinings, 1937-38______________________________________________ 354 

14. Analyses of water from the Chattahoochee River at Columbus, 

1940--41______________________________________________ 356 

15. Analyses of water from the Chattahoochee River near Hilton, 

1940--41______________________________________________ 358 

16. Analyses of water from the Etowah River near Cartersville, 

1938-39---------------------------------------------- 360 

17. Analyses of waterfrom the Ocmulgee River at' Macon, 1937-38_ 362 

18. Analyses of water from the Oconee River at Milledgeville, 

1937-38---------------------------------------------- 364 

19. Analyses of water from the Ogeechee River near Eden, 1937-38_ 366 

20. Analyses of water from, the Satilla River near Waycross, 1937-38______________________________________________ 368 

21. Analyses of water from the Savannah River near Clyo 1938-39_ 370 

22. Analyses of surface waters of Georgia______________________ 372 
CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF SU:JtFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA 

By WILLIAM L. LAMAR 
318 OOiNIT'RIIBU:TroNS '.00 HY'D·ROIJOGY OF lJIN[TE:D S'IWI'ES, 1941"'-43 

mation,on the character of surface waters is usef~ in connection with 

the distribution of many commodities; the location of industrial plants; 

the selection of sources for public or industrial supplies and .the plan.:. 

ning for their treatment. · 

Studies of dischar~e and of quality of water of streams are so intimately related that a study of one without the other is inadequate for 

many purposes. It is true, also, that for some streams a single analysis 

may be about as misleading as a single discharge measurement. For 

many of the streams in Georgia the most profitable study of the 

chemical character of the water can be made by an analysis of three 

composites of daily samples each month for a year. When compre:-

hensive data concerning the quality of water are made available for 

selected streams, the analyses may be valuable in the study of other 

streams where conditions are similar. ' 

The results of analyses of composite samples covering a year for 10 

stations on rivers in Georgia are given in tables 12 to 21 (pp. 352-371). 

Each of these tables gives 36 complete analyses and includes arithmetical and weighted averages for the year. Table 22 (pp. 372-377) 

includes the analyses of 90 spot samples <;ollected at gaging stations or 

at other points on streams and also the arithmetical averages for the 

10 stations indicated above. A total of 470 complete analyses is 

given in this report. The daily temperature of the water is reported 

for 9 of the 10 stations indicated above, as information concerning it 

is of value to industry, particularly in connection with the use of 

water for cooling purposes. · ' 

' This investigation was made possible through the cooperation of 

Capt. Garland Peyton, Director of the Georgia Division of Mines, 

Mining, and Geology. The bulk of the analyses were made by A. T. 

Ness and C. G: Seegmiller, of the Quality of Water Division of the 

Geological Survey. The other analyses were made by W. L. Lamar 

except for a few that were made by other members of the division. 

PHYSIOGRAPHY 

The physical features 1 that characterize different parts of Georgia 

may be classified according to their distinctive ·topographic and 

geologic nature. The State lies in two major physiographic divisions, 

the AppalachianHighlands and the Atlantic Plain. The Appalachian 

Highlands are north and the Atlantic Plain south of an irregular line 

passing through the cities of Augusta, Macon, and Columbus. 

The Appalachian Highlands make up about two-fifths of the total 

area of the State and include the Piedmont, the Blue Ridge, and the 

• Fenneman, N. M., Physio!!l'aphy of eastem·Unlted States, 1st ed., McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1938; 

Physical divisions of the United States (map), 1930. LaForge, Laurence, Cooke, Wythe, Keith, Arthur, 

Campbell, M. R., and McCallie, S. W., Phys!ce.l geography of Georgia: Georgia Geol. Survey Bull. 

42, 1925. 
CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF SURFACE WATERS OF gEORGIA 319,. 

'Valley and Ridge provinces, and the edge of the Cumberland Plateau 

section of the Appalachian Plateaus province in the northwest corner 

of the State. They range in elevation from about 400 feet above sea 

level in places near the Fall Line to more than 4,000 feet above 

sea level on the peaks of the mountains. At the Fall Line most of 

the valleys cut by the large streams are less than 400 feet above sea 

level. The Piedmont province has considerable relief. It is essentially an upland of hilly and broken country in which the larger 

streams have cut deep valleys. It also has scattered small mountains 

called monadnocks. The Blue Ridge province is essentially mountainous. Both the Piedmont and the Blue Ridge are made. up of 

igneous and metamorphic rocks such as gneiss1 granite, schist, quartzite, slate, and their disintegration products, all of which are composed 

largely of relatively insoluble silicate minerals. The rocks have 

been deeply weathered in many places. The Valley and Ridge 

province, as the name indicates, is a region of parallel valleys and 

ridges. The structure and resistance of the rocks in the ridges and 

the more easily erodible rocks of th.e valleys have produced the 

characteristic relief of this province. Th.e Cumberland Plateau, 

which includes only the northwest corner of the State, occupies all 

Dade County and parts of Walker and .Ohattooga Counties. It is 

an area of flat-topped mountains and is represented in Georgia by 

Sand, Lookout, and Pigeon Mountains. In both the Valley and 

Ridge province and the Cumberland Plateau section the rocks are 

largely shale, limestone, dolomite, sandstone, and conglomerate. 

The ttlantic Plain includes the Coastal Plain and the Continental 

Shelf provinces. The submerged portion of the plain under·. the 

shallow coastal waters is called the Continental Shelf. 

The Coastal Plain makes up about three-:-fifths of the total area of· 

the State. In general, it includes hilly and broken sections in the 

northern part and rolling land that merges into flat country toward 

the coast. The extent of swamp land increases seaward. The 

topography along the large streams ranges from valleys where the 

streams have cut .deep courses to flat swampy flood plains. In •a 

broad sense the streams in the eastern part of the Coastal Plain flow 

into the Atlantic Ocean, whil~ those in the western part flow into the 

Gulf of Mexico. The islands along the Atlantic coast present a 

prominent feature. 

The Coastal Plain is made up of sedimentary deposits of sand, 

clay, gravel, limestone, and marl. As the coast is approached the 

surface cover becomes predominantly 'sandy. The swamps are 

covered with varying amounts of humus from the decomposition of 

leaves, plants, and roots. 
320 OONTRffBUTIONS TIO HYDROLOG!Y OF 1JINITEiD S'l1AII'E,S, 1941"-43 

CLIMATE 

The discharge of streams is obviously related to climate, and the 

quality of water is influenced by variations in discharge. During 

dry periods the dissolved mineral content of water increases. Heavy 

rains cause many streams to carry large quantities of suspended 

matter. The organic content and color of surface waters may be 

appreciably affected by the kind and amount of discharge. The data 

on climate given here were abstracted from reports 2 of the United 

States Weather Bureau. 

Georgia has a relatively warm climate and ample rainfall for growing 

crops. Throughout the State, particularly from north to south, there 

are variations in climate that are caused by the topography, the latitude, and the ocean. The southern and southeastern parts of the 

Coastal Plain have long warm summers, during which the changes in 

temperature from day to day· are usually small, and short, very mild 

'winters. In north Georgia the higher altitudes have a pronounced 

effect in lowering the temperature and increasing the rainfall. From 

the city of Atlanta northward the summers are more moderate than 

would be expected from .the latitude; also, as the prevailing winds are 

westerly in winter, changes in temperature between summer and 

winter are pronounced. For the State as a whole, records for the 

period 1892 to 1941 show that the maximum temperature was more 

than 100° every year and that during severe cold waves zero temperature or below zero was recorded for 20 different years. The mean 

temperature for the period was 63.9°. 

Records for a number of years show that precipitation has varied 

throughout the State and that the average annual precipitation has 

ranged from about 45-46 inches for a few stations in the Coastal Plain 

and also for about two stations of low altitude in the Piedmont to 70 

inches for the station at Clayton, which is in the Blue Ridge. The 

average annual precipitation for the whole State for the period from 

1892 to 1941 amounted to 49.7 inches. The northeastern part of 

Georgia, including Rabun and Towns Counties, receives a remarkably 

heavy rainfall, which is not exceeded anywhere in the United States 

except on the northern Pacific coast. The moist winds from the 

Atlantic Ocean are forced upward against the mountain slopes and 

cause heavy precipitation by the cooling of the moist air. In some 

wet years precipitation of more than 80 inches has been recorded in 

the northeastern section. 

Tables 1 and 2, which are based on the Climatological data reports 

of the United States Weather Bureau, contain information on air 

temperature and precipitation for the calendar years 1937-41. 

'U. S. Weather Bureau, Climatological data for Georgia, monthly and annual; Climatic summary of 

the United States, 1930, sec. 102, Western Georgia, sec. 103, Central and eastern Georgia. 
Division Jan. ' ·f ---,------1-

1937 

~ Northern division _______________________ _ Middle division _________________________ _ 

Southern division __ ----------------------

1938 

Northern division_-----------------------

Middle division_------------------------- Southern division __ ---- ___ ---------------

1939 

Northern division_-----------------------

Middle division~------------------------­

Southern division __ ---c------------------

1940 

Northern Middle division_----------------------- division ______ , __________________ _ 

Southern division __ ----------------------

1941 

Northern division_---------------~------­

Middle division_-------------------------

Southern division __ ----------------------

52.8 

58.0 

63.6 

43.4 

47.1 

51.8 

44.5 

49.6 

54.8 

30.6 

34.4 

40.0 

43.5 

47.4 

51.3 

TABLE 1.-Air temperature (° F.) in Georgia, 1937-41 

[From U. S. Weather Bureau) 

Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June July Aug. 

---------------------------

44.5 50.5 58.8 69.2 78.2 .78.2 78.2 

48.3 53.8 62.0 72.4 80.5 80.2 80.0 

53.0 57.0 65.1 74.1 80.8 81.0 80.8 

50.9 57.9 60.4 69.5 73.6 77.3 79.5 

54.7 61.9 63.6 72.9 76.5 79.0 81.7 

58.5 65.8 66.9 75.9 78.3 80.1 82.8 

49.3 54.7 59.1 67.6 77.7 78.7 76.5 

54.2 59.2 62.9 70.7 79 .. 9 81.1 78.7 

59.1 62.6 66.2 72.8 80.9 81.7 79.7 

42.5 50.1 58.7 66.2 75.6 76.3 77.4 

45.9 53.4 61.7 69.6 78.1 78.5 79.7 

50.3 58.1 64.4 72.1 79.9 80.8 81.7 

39.9 46.5 62.5 70.5 76.0 78:6 78.8 

43.2 49.9 65.7 73.4 78.9 80.9 81.4 

47.4 54.1 68.0 74.6 80.4 81.7 83.1 

6 

Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Year t;· -----------------·- a::: 

H 

71.0 58.4 47.5 42.8 60.8 f; 

72.8 62.5 50.9 46.4 64.0 t"' 

75.5 66.2 54.5 50.4 66.8 b 

~ 

72.3 

75.2 65.1 

62.2 

57:.2 

53.1 43.3 62.0 ~ . 47:.1 65.2 

76.8 66.3 61.0 :50.-9 67.9 ~ ~ 

74.6 64.0 49.3 44.9 61.7 ~ 77.0 66.9 52.2 48.3 65.1 

79.1 69.7 56.2 52.7 os.o- Ul 

70.5 62.2 50.3 47.'! 59.0 ! 

73.0 

75.1 67.6 

65.3 54.5 

58.8 

50.5 

55.8 

.62.0 

65.4 ~ 

-·~ > 

75.4 68.4 50.8 46.6 61.5 ·8 

t_sj 77.8 71.5 54.9 50 .• 0 64.6 ~ 78,7 74.3 59.1 53.'9 67.2 Ul 

0 

l:oj 

o· 

t_sj 

0 

= $1 

> 

~ 

l';j' 

...... 
TABLE 2.-Precipitation (inchea) in Georgia, 1987-4-1 

[From U. B. Weather Bureau) 

Division Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. 

-------------· ----------- 1937 

Northern division ___ --------------------- ·10.03 5.27 2.98 7.74 2.50 3.56 3.17 6.63 1.40 

Middle division ___ ----------------------- 6.65 5.19 3. 70 7.03 2.15 3. 91 4.49 5..74 1. 74 

Southern division ______ ------------------ 3. 87 5.41 4.39 6.11 1.87 5.43 7.22 6.61 4.46 

1938 Northern division .. _________ c ____________ 2.69 1.31 5.84 7.80 3.49 5.55 9.24 2. 57 1.91 

Middle division ______ ------------------ __ 1. 74 .97 3.17 9.10 3.54 5.29 6.97 2.80 1.90 

Southern division ______ ------------------ 1.61 1.07 2.13 3. 74 3.38 5.63 6.49 3.69 4.30 

1939 

Northern division .. _--------------------- 5.60 9.85 5. 31 3.43 .4.48 3.64 4.24 6.98 2.49 

Middle division •. _----------------------· 3.23 9.61 5.43 2. 70 3.61 4.20 5.24 6.33 2. 76 

Southern division ______ ------------------ 2.49 7.86 2.52 4.82 4.28 6.14 5.02 7.97 3.39 

1940 

Northern division. __ --------------------- 4.71 5.~3 5.26 3.41 2.42 4.28 5.44 8. 85 .92 

Middle division ____ .-----_----------·---· 4.94 4.97 4.11 2. 75 1.84 4.36 7.3!! 6.59 1.08 Southern division ________________________ 3.68 5. 71 2.73 2. 92 2.17 5.40 7.25 5. 84 1.12 

1941 

NO!"thern division .•• --------------------- 2.46 1.64 4.63 2.66 .95 5.30 9.06 !1.97 1.08 

Middle d!Vi'!ion ______________ ·----------- 1. 72 2. 40 4.17 1.87 .74 6. 31 5.95 4.03 1.97 

Southern division ••••• _-----------------· 1.35 2. 51 4.63 1.64 1.01 7.19 6.54 4. 87 2.83 . . 

Oot. Nov. 

-------- 7.60 1.50 

4.61 1.65 

3.92 2.93 

.15 4.64 

.52 2.38 

1.42 1.12 

.52 .73 • 11 .65 

.36 1.07 

1.18 3. 76 

.86 4.16 

.63 3.27 

1. 70 2.49 

1. 72 1.19 

3.55 1.35 

Dec. 

---

2.22 

2.23 

1.64 

2.66 

2. 74 

2.63 

3.28 

3.57 • 2.98 

4.56 

4.11 

3. 75 

6.50 

8.32 

7.03 

Year 

---

54.60 

49.10 

53.87 

47.85 

41.14 

37.21 

110.55 

47.44 

48.90 

50.12 

47.15 

44.47 

42.44 

40.39 

44.50 I 

J 
CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF SURFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA 323 

COLLECTION AND EXAMINATION OF SAMPLES 

Samples were collected daily at or near gaging stations on. 10 rivers 

for a year, and 90 spot samples were collected at gaging stations or 

other points on streams throughout the State. (See tables Nos. 

12-22, pp. 352-377,.) The daily samples were collected in 12-ounce 

bottles and were poured int&gallon bottles to make three composite 

samples per station each month as follows: Samples for first 10 days, 

next 10 days, and rest of month, except for February, when the composites consisted of 10, 9, and 9 samples, respectively. Each of the 

spot samples was collected in a gallon bottle and in a 12-ounce bottle. 

The 12-ounce sample was used for the determination of suspended 

matter. 

The results for suspended matter are only approximations, as the 

samples were collected and examined primarily to determi}\e the dissolved constituents. An attempt was made, however, to get integrated samples at a point in the stream where the flow was good. 

The quantity of suspended matter was determined by filtering a suitable sample through an asbestos mat in a Gooch. crucible and weighing the dried residue. 

In order to show some indication of probable organic pollution 

oxygen consumed was determined on the unfiltered and filtered samples 

in accordance with the procedill'e in Standard. methods.3 

The samples for analysis were filte:r:ed through fine diatomaceous 

filter cylinders. It is believed that very little silica, other than that 

in the suspended matter, and very little color. were lost by this method 

of filtration. The filtration removed all noticeable turbidity caused 

by the finely divided suspended clay, much of which contained appreciable quantities of iron and silica. 

The color of the filtered water was measured by the commonly 

adopted platinum-cobalt standard proposed by Hazen 4 in 1892. 

A. brief discussion of certain difficulties encountered and precautions 

used in the analysis of colored waters is given under the heading 

"Color." 

The methods of analysis 6 regularly followed in the water-resources 

laboratory of the Geological Survey were used in determining the 

mineral constituents. Total hardness as CaC03 was calculated from 

the quantities of calcium and magnesium. 

a Am. Public Health Assoc. and Am. Water Works Assoc., Standard methods for the examination of 

water and sewage, 8th ed., pp. 136-139, 1936. 

• Hazen, Allen, A new color standard for natural waters: Am. Chern. Jour., vol. 14, pp. 300-310, 1892. 

Am. Public Health Assoc. and Am. Water Works Assoc., op. cit., pp. 12-14. 

a Collins, W. D., Notes on practical water analysis: U. S. Geol. Survey Water.Supply Paper 596-H, 

pp. 236-261, 1928. 
324;; <XJINrXRI[B.T;r.DIJQNS 'DO-HYDROLOGIY OF lJINITED S!JM.TES,··U4h43 

STREAM FLOW 

Records of discharge of streams as published in reports 8 on surface · 

water supply of the United States were furnished by F. M. Bell and 

M. T. Thomson, district engineers of the Surface Water Division of 

the Geological Survey. The discharge for the pe;riod of collection of 

the samples is reported in the tables of analyses (pp. 352-377). Tables 

12 to 21 give the mean discharge for the period indicated~ Table 22 

gives the mean discharge for the day or period indicated except for , 

several streams for: which. the measured discharge at the time of 

collection of the sample is given. 

RAINFALL AND DISCHARGE DURING SAMPLING YEARS 

Samples were collected daily from the Altamaha, Chattahoochee, 

Ocmulgee, Oconee, Ogeechee, and Satilla Rivers from May 1, 1937, 

to April 30, 1938, during which period the State was deficient about 

6.4 inches in rainfall and the discharge of these streams was somewhat 

below average. During this period, February 1938 was the driest 

month and April 1938 the wettest. Samples were collected daily 

from the Savannah River near Clyo from May 1, 1938, to April 30, 

1939. The State received about average rainfall during this period 

and the discharge of the Savannah River near Clyo was about average. 

During this period, OCtober 1938 with 0.70 inch was the driest month 

and February 1939 with,. 9.11 inches was the wettest, these 2 months 

being considerably below and. above normal, respectively. Samples 

were collected daily from' the Etowah River near Cartersville from 

October 1, 1938, to September 30, 1939. The State received about 

average rainfall during this period, October 1938 and February 1939 

being the driest and wettest months, respectively. Samples . were 

collected daily from the Chattahoochee River at Columbus and near 

Hilton from October 1, 1940, to September 30, 1941, during which 

period the State wa.s deficient in rainfall about 10 i,nches and the 

discharge of this river was considerably below average. The monthly · 

average rainfall was less than 2.5 inches for 6 months during this 

period. The driest month was October 1940 with 0.89 inch, and the 

wettest month was July 1941 with 7.18 inches. 

'Surface water supply of the United States, part 2, South Atlantic slope and eastern Gulf of Mexico 

basins, reports for 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, and 1941: U; S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Papers 822, 852, 872, 

892, and 922. · 
CHEMICAL CllARACTER OF SURFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA ·325 

WATER TEMPERATURE 

Tables 3 to 11 and figures 16 to 24 show the tempera.ture of the 

water for nine river stations where samples of water were collected 

daily. Figures 16 to 24 were prepared by plotting the average 

temperature for each 2-day period. At six locations the te1r.perature 

of the water was measured daily when the samples were collected, as 

follows: Altamaha River at Doctortown at 8 a. m.; Chattahoochee 

River near Vinings from 1 to 7:30 p. m.; Chattahoochee River at 

Columbus usually at 10 a. m.; Chattahoochee River near Hilton at 

8 a.m.; Etowah River near Cartersville from 6 to 7 a.m.; and Ocmulgee 

River at Macon usually between 6 and 9 a. m. At three locations 

the temperature of the water was measured twice daily, once each 

morning when the sample was collected and once in the afternoon, 

a.s follows: Ogeechee River near Eden at 8 a. m. and from 4 to 6 

p. m.; Satilla River near Waycross from 7:15 to 8:15 a. m. and at 5 

p. m.; and Savannah River at Clyo at 7 a. m. and 5 p. m. There 

were certain exceptions to the times given above for some of the 

stations. 

For the larger streams the water temperature is appreciably more 

uniform throughout the day than the air temperature, but it varies 

soireWl'at. Although the water temperature was measured only 

once or twice each day, the average rr.onthly water t~mperature 

agreed reasonably well with the mean monthly air temperature, the 

difference generally being not more than about 2°. Occasionally the 

difference between the average monthly water temperature and the 

mean monthly air temperature amounted to as much as 5°. In 

spring the water temperature has a tendency to lag behind the air 

temperature, whereas in the latter part of summer and in autumn it 

may exceed the air temperature. 
/! 

326 OON!TR!IB,UTJ,qNS '.00 HYDROI.JOGY OF lJ1N1ITEiD S'J.WI'ES, 1Q41-43 

TABLE a.-Temperature (°F.) ojwateroj AltamahaRiveratDoctortown, Ga., 1937-38 

Day 

1 __________________________ 

2.-------------------------

3--------------------------

4-------------------------- 5 __________________________ 

6 _____ --------------------- 7 __________________________ 

g __________________________ 

9 __________________________ 

10 _________________________ 

1L ________________________ 12 _________________________ 

13. ________________________ 

14 ____ --- ------------------ 15 ____ ------------------ _· __ 

16------------------------- 17 _________________________ 18 _________________________ 

19 _________________________ 20 _________________________ 

21. ________________________ 

22 _________________________ 23 _________________________ 24 _________________________ 

25 _________________________ 

26 _________________________ 

21-------------------------

29 28.~--------- _________________________ --------------

30 _________________________ 31. ________________________ 

100 

90 

"'eo _J; 

z 

:::70 

:t 

< "-eo 

Ul 

:::oo 

"' " "'40 

0 

30 

. 20 

./'V\. 

I 

v 

May 

67 

67 

65 

65 

66 

66 

67 

67 

71 

67 

68 

69 

69 

70 

69 

70 

69 

---72" 73 

73 

73 

75 

75 

76 

77 

78 

79 

80 

81 

80 

MAY JUNE JULY 

June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. 

------------------ SI 83 84 88 70 60 60 55 50 52 72 

81 81 83 80 76 64 55 55 50 54 73 82 82 82 80 77 60 50 54 54 57 6-5 

82 79 82 80 74 66 55 51 53 56 64 

80 80 83 80 79 67 50 51 54 59 64 

82 82 84 80 79 60 46 53 54 61 65 

82 83 84 82 80 55 45 55 56 57 67 

82 83 84 83 79 60 45 50 52 57 69 

83 83 82 83 79 60 55 49 56 60 60 

84 83 83 80 75 64 60 50 56 62 57 

83 83 83 80 70 64 45 50 57 61 67 

84 83 85 82 75 60 45 50 60 60 60 

84 83 82 80 70 60 55 47 60 60 63 

83 84 83 79 75 60 56 49 60 64 65 

83 83 82 77 70 57 57 50 60 65 64 

83 82 83 79 65 56 57 46 62 65 64 

83 84 83 80 65 55 59 49 68 63 65 

83 84 82 76 ------ 51 60 51 63 63 67 

80 83 83 76 70 56 56 50 63 62 70 

83 84 82 75 69 50 54 53 59 66 76 

82 83 83 75 65 46 56 54 56 66 68 

83 82 84 76 69 45 50 54 57 67 71 

84 84 84 75 60 40 55 55 60 67 6.5 

83 84 83 76 57 45 50 57 60 67 65 

84 84 83 74 65 55 50 54 55 66 66 

81 84 85 75 60 60 55 50 52 67 65 

81 84 80 76 65 62 55 47 54 70 67 

83 83 84 72 57 65 56 56 54 66 69 

80 83 83 73 57 60 50 45 ------ 67 70 

80 83 82 70 57 55 54 50 ----- 70 70 

------ 84 82 ------ 65 ------ 53 51 ----- 72 ------

~ A. 

-~ (\, 

~ l.-h A _;/ vv 

"\ df\A ru, fl ;~ f 

v ~v -vvv 

. 

AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC- JAN. FEB. MAR. 

1937 1938 

FIG~'RE 16.-Temperature of water of Altamaha River at Doctortown, Ga., 1987-38. 
CHEMICAL CitARI\~ER OF SUJlFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA" 327 

TABLE 4.-Temperature (°F.) of water of Chattahoochee River near Vinings, Ga., 

1937-38 

Day May June July Aug. Sept. ~~:_ ~ov. Dec., Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. 

!__ ________________________ ------ ------ ------ so so 65 57 48 48 44 49 63 

2 .. --------------~-------- ------ ------ ------ 83 82 66 47 47 44 51 59 s__ _________ c ______________ ------ ------ ------ 85 80 76 57 46 47 47 56 58 4 __________________________ ------ ------ ------ 80 82 75 55 46 47 51 55 58 5 __________________________ ------ ------ ------ 78 80 78 56 45 46 52 56 59 

6 __________________________ 

7 __________________________ 

8 __________________________ 

9 __________________________ 

10 _________________________ 

ll _________________________ 

12 13 ... 

_________________________ -------------------~--

14 _________________________ 15 _________________________ 

16 ... ---------------------- 17 _________________________ 18 _________________________ 19 _________________________ 

20 ... ----------------------

21_ ________________________ 22 _________________________ 

23 _________________________ 24 _________________________ 

25 ... ----------------·-----

26 __________________________ 27 _________________________ 28 _________________________ 

29 _________________________ 30 _________________________ 

31_ ________________________ 

100 

90 

"'eo J: 

z 

~70 

J: 

< 

"-60 

"' 

~50 

a: 

W40 " 

0 

30 

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

_'\.., 

MAY JUNE JULY 

------ ------ 82 82 76 55 37 45 55 56 

------ ------ 80 82 78 52 38 44 55 54 

------ ------ 80 83 70 54 38 46 55 53 

------ ------ 82 81 66 55 38 42 55 54 

------ ------ 82 80 64 58 37 41 57 53 

------ ------ 78 82 65 55 35 43 56 54 

------ ---88- 85 80 68 53 37 44 56 55 

------ 81 79 64 56 38 43 56 55 

------ 88 85 76 63 55 43 42 59 57 

------ 88 82 75 63 55 45 43 60 59 

------ 86 83 77 63 51 47 45 57 60 

------ 87 85 73 59 50 51 46 54 56 

------ 87 85 73 65 48 53 46 56 57 84 86 76 66 46 52 47 55 56 -

------ 85 87 77 63 42 50 48 49 59 

------ 85 86 77 64 40 46 50 51 61 

------ 85 85 77 58 38 46 53 49 64 

------ 82 80 76 58 40 45 53 50 62 

------ 85 80 74 55 40 46 57 48 63 

------ 83 80 75 57 43 47 49 46 62 

------ 83 77 66 57 49 48 44 48 64 

------ 83 79 68 55 49 48 40 50 60 

------ 85 82 68 54 51 50 38 50 61 

------ 85 75 66 56 50 50 39 63 

------ 84 77 67 57 50 49 41 65 

------ 81 80 1------ 60 48 43 65 

_,.,.!\ 

"\ "' '-'\ lA 

~ r'IJ r 

\J ~ II (\ ~ "\} 

\I 1\ JV VI' " 

'J 

AUG. SEPT. OCT NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR 

1937 1938 

FIOURE 17.-Temperature of water of Chattahoochee River near Vinings, Ga., 1937-38. 

58 

62 

57 

57 

54 

56 

59 

61, 

63 

64 

65 

67 

65 

68 

67 

67 

66 

65 

66 

68 

69 

69 

71 

70 

71 
328· OONr!'R[BUT!ONS TIO HYDROWGY OF UJN'ITE:D STIMrES, 1941-43 

TABLE 5~~Temperature (°F,) of water of Chattahom:hee River at Columbus, Ga., 

1940-41 

Day 

l_ ___ - ---------------------

2--------------------------

3 .. ------------------------ 4--------------------------

5--------------------------

6.-------------------------

7--------------------------

8 .. ---------·-------------- g ____ ----------------------

10 ... ----------------------

lL •••. ------------------ __ 12. _________ ---------------

13 _______ ------------------

14-------------------------

15 .. -----------------------

17 16 .... _________________________ ---------------------

18-------------------------

19 ... ---------------------- 2() ____ -- "------------------

2L ___ . --------------------

22-------------------------

23 ________ -----------------

~::::: :::::::::::::::::::: 

26------------------------- 27 _________________________ 

2S ..... -------------------- 29 ____ --------------:.----- 30. ______ ------------------ 31 ________ -----------------

100 

90 

~·80 

z 

"'70 "' 

l: 

.. 

"-60 

"' UJ· 

w50 

"' c; 

~-40 

30 

20 

V\_.,..-

\. 

\.A 

OCT. NOV1940 

I Oct. I Nov.[ Dec. I Jan. Feb. Ma~J~pr.l May June July Aug. Sept. 

71 68 53 53 49 45 54 67 76 79 81 81 

71 66 52 53 49 45 55 68 77 80 81 81 71 65 52 54 49 46 56 68 77 81 81 82 71 65 50 52 48 47 57 68 79 81 81 82 

71 65 51 51 47 47 57 67 79 80 81 81 

71 65 50 51 48 47 57 67 77 80 81 82 

71 63 50 50 49 49 57 68 77 80 80 82 

70 61 50 50 48 50 57 69 78 79 80 82 69 61 50 50 47 49 57 70 78 79 81 81 69 61 49 49 46 49 61 70 79 80 81 81 

68 62 50 48 45 50 60 68 81 80 81 81 

68 62 50 47 46 50 59 68 82 79 81 8() 

69 61 51 47 46 50 60 68 79 79 82 80 

71 59 52 47 47 50 61 68 79 80 82 80 

70 54 52 48 46 50 62 68 79 80 80 80 

67 54 52 47 46 51 63 69 79 80 79 78 

66 54 51 47 46 52 63 71 79 81 80 78 

66 55 50 47 47 50 63 72 79 80 80 78 65 54 50 46 47 49 64' 72 79 80 80 77 67 55 50 45 47 51 66 72 79 80 80 76 

66 55 50 46 47 50 65 74 79 so 79 75 

66 55 50 4S 48 50 65 75 79 so 79 77 

66 56 51 49 46 50 66 74 79 80 79 76 

67 57 52 48 46 51 66 76 79 so 80 75 67 58 53 47 47 51 66 76 79 so Sl 75 

67 57 53 4S 47 52 64 76 79 so S2 76 

6S 55 53 49 46 53 66 76 79 so S3 76 

67 55 53 49 45 52 67 76 79 so S2 77 67 54 52 49 ------ 52 67 76 79 81 81 78 

68 52 52 49 ------ 53 66' 78 79 Sl Sl 7S 

6S ------ 52 48 ------ 54 ------ 7S ------ 81 so ------

A ,..,.... 

,r IN ·\v 

"r"' 

DEC. 

L. r''-' 

v 

'-v'" r-w--v 

JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. 

1941 

FwuaE lB.-Temperature of water of Chattahoochee River at Columbus, Ga., 194(}-41. 
' '\ ' : 

CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF SURFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA 329 

TABLE 6.---.:Temperature (oF.) of water of Chattahoochee River near Bitton, Ga. 

194-f}-4-1 

Day Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb; Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. 

---------------------- ~_ _________________________ ------ 69 56 50 46 42 56 69 80 78 85 

l-------------------------- ------ 67 52 52 49 44 57 69 80 80 84 a __________________________ ------ 63 51 56 51 59 70 80 81 84 

4------------------------·- ------ 62 50 46 53 62 70 80 81 84 5 __________________________ 65 51 51 45 50 60 71 80 80 84 

6 ____ ---------------------- ------ 66 48 48 47 52 59 71 80· 79 83 

7-------------------------- ------ 62 50 46 47 56 60 71 80 80 82 

8 ____ ------------.--------- ------ 58 52 45 45 53 60 72 81 80 83 

9 ____ ---------------------- ------ 59 49 45 45' 53 62 72 81 81 83 

10 .•.. --------------------- ------ 60 48 45 44 51 63 71 82 81 82 

1L ... ___ ... ----..... ______ ------ 62 48 45 44 52 64 71 83 82 82 

12 ____ --------------------- ------ 62 45 44 51 64 69 84 82 83 13 ________________________ ------ 61 53 45 44 54 63 68 83 82 84 

14 ____ --------------------- ------ 57 57 46 48 50 67 81 83 84 

15 ____ --------------------- ------ 48 58 49 45 49 64 69 79 82 82 

16 .... --------------------- ------ 47 59 51 47 51 65 70 80 82 82 

17------------------------- ------ 48 53 50 49 53 68· 72 79 81 81 

18 ____ --------------------- ------ ------ 52 49 46 50 67 73 80 81 81 

19 ____ --------------------- ------ ------ 51 46 47 49 68 77 78 80 83 

20 ____ --------------------- ------ 52 51 45 48 51 69 77 78 80 83 

2L ... _____ . _ ------. ___ ---- ------ 61 51 44 47 54 69 79 79 81 82 

22 ____ --------------------- ------ 64 51 46 45 54 68 78 79 81 82 

23 ____ --------------------- ------ 52 47 45 54 70 78 79 82 82 

2<1 ____ --------------------- 61 51 49 47 55 70 79 79 81 82 25 ______ -__ -------------·--- ------ 64 53 48 47 55 69 79 79 81 81 

26 __________ --------------- ------ 64 56 49 48 56 65 79 80 81 82 

27------------------------- 57 56 51 50 56 68 80 81 81 82 

28 ____ --------------------- ------ 57 56 48 41 54 68 80 81 82 82 

29 ____ --------------------- ------ 54 55 47 57 80 82 82 82 

30 .•.. --------------------- 54 51 46 54 68 80 80 84 80 

31. ... --------------------- ------ ------ 50 45 55 81 84 81 

100 

90 

!:: 

"'SO 

:I: 

z :70 

:I: 

.. 

/\ 

/" v 

___ ( 

"-60 

.. 

~~ \1. ' IV A ('....(' 

0: 

"'40 " Q, 

30 

20 QCT, NOV. DEC. 1940 

VV~/ 

JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. 

1941 

FIGURE 19.-Temperature of ater of Chattahoochee River near Hilton, Ga.-, 1940-41. 

f33[62-44--3 

Sept. 

--

81 

82 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

82 

82 

80 

80 

78 

77 

77 

77 

77 

78 

78 

75 

75 

75 

75 

76 

76-

75 

75 

76 

79 

81 

': ;:·~~ 
330 OONfl'RIIBU'DIONS 'DO HYDRO:IDG!Y OF U'NITEJ> S'TIATES, 1941-43 

TABLE 7.-Temperature (°F.) of water of Etowah River near Cartersville, Ga., 

1938-39 

Day 

L------------------------- 2 _______ -------------------

3-------------------------

4--------------------------

5 ______ --------------------

6-------------------------

7--------------------------

8--------------------------

9--------------------------

10-------------------------

11-------------------------

12 _____ --------------------

13-------------------------

14-----,------------------- 15 _______________ ----------

16-------------------------

17-------------------------

18-------------------------

19 _____ --------------------

20------------------------

2L--------- _______ ------- _ 

22------------------------- 23-------------------------

24------------------------- 25-------------------------

26------------------------- 27------------------------- 28------------------------- 29--"---------------------- 30-------------------------

3L _____ ------------------

100 

90 

= "'60 

r 

z 

~70 

X 

< 

.. 60 

"' 

I"""'' \~ 

Oct. Nov. 

65 55 63 56 62 56 

63 60 62 61 

64 59 65 64 63 64 64 M 62 56 

64 55 65 55 62 60 62 59 64 51 

63 53 63 M 63 56 

63 59 65 53 

60 54 57 52 58 55 60 55 M 50 

M 45 55 41 M 36 -53 37 55 35 55 ------

:::so 

"' " w40 \1/"vv\ I~ 0 

30 

20 OCT. NOV. 

1938 DEC. JAN. 

Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. 

---------------- 38 39 43 51 58 61 74 76 76 38 39 45 49 56 61 72 76 77 43 40 48 48 54 60 73 75 76 47 45 43 48 56 59 73 75 75 49 50 45 50 56 60 74 75 76 

48 50 47 M 59 61 75 76 76 45 47 47 M M 64 75 77 76 47 45 47 52 51 64 75 77 76 46 43 51 51 50 64 76 78 78 41 47 M M 56 64 76 78 79 

44 49 M M 60 64 76 76 79 45 ------ 51 55 59 66 74 75 80 44 48 49 53 55 66 73 75 79 45 44 52 54 56 65 74 78 78 44 45 53 56 58 61 73 78 76 

41 44 51 53_ 61 59 74 76 75 43 42 48 51 64 60 76 76 74 45 46 48 50 60 64 76 76 74 38 42 52 48 64 66 76 79 74 39 40 55 48 58 66 76 76 75 

41 46 55 50 57 68 78 77 75 41 44 45 52 56 68 78 78 75 43 41 44 53 58 69 77 77 74 45 39 41 ------ 60 70 75 77 74 43 37 41 M 64 70 78 78 74 

47 40 44 59 66 72 76 77 71 44 42 46 61 66 72 76 77 73 40 38 51 60 65 72 76 78 73 40 42 ------ 60 64 72 76 79 73 40 45 ------ 60 64 72 76 77 74 39 45 ------ 59 ------ 72 ------ 76 71 

• 

VV' v·""" '""-V\ 

"r .d v 

AAA V'll vv 

,.; ~ 

FEB. MAR. APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. 

1939 

FIGURE 20.-Temperature of water of Etowah River near Cartersville, Ga., 1938-39. 

Sept. 

--

72 

72 

73 

74 

74 

72 

74 

75 

76 

77 

76 

76 

76 

78 

76 

75 

76 

76 

71 

70 

68 

68 

68 

69 

69 

70 

71 

71 

71 

72 

------
CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF SURFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA 331 

T:ABLE B.-Temperature (0P.) of water of Ocmulgee River at Macon, Ga., i9S7-:'J8 

Day May 

L ... ---------------------- 63 

2 •..... -------------------- 63 

3-------------------------- 63 

4 .•.••.• ------------------- 63 

5 ...... -------------------- --·---

6-------------------------- 63 

7 ---~----- ------------------ 64 8 ___________ --------------- 64 9 ___________________ ------- 64 10 _________ , ___ ----------·- 64 

n ________ ----------------- 65 

12 .... ---~ ----------------- 64 

13 ...•...• ----------------- 68 14 ___________ -------------- 68 

15 ..••••....•• ------------- 68 

16 ...•••••.• --------------- 67 

17------------------------- 69 

18------------------------- 70 

19 ....• -------------------- 70 

2Q ________ ----------------- 70 

21_ _________ --------------- 71 

22 .••••• ------------------- 72 

23 .... --------------------- 72 

24 .... --------------------- 71 

25 ..•. --------------------- 74 

26 .... --------------------- 73 

27------------------------- 73 

28 __________ -- -~ ----------- 73 

29 ________ 2,._ --------------- 73 so _________________________ 75 31_ _________ --------------- 76 

100 

90 

!: 

"'SO 

J: """' z 

~ 70 

J: 

" a.·EO 

20 

.1",../ I" 

.,)' 

-

June July Aug. 

------ 77 80 83 77 79 '82 77 78 82 76 79 82 77 76 82 

76' 79 81 77 82 81 77 83 82 78 83 82 78 84 81 

79 84 80 79 88 79 80 87 78 80 84 78 81 85 78 

80 83 79 80 87 81 80 86 78 80 82 84 

78 82 85 

80 82 84 82 82 86 80 83 84 

79 79 82 79 82 83 

81' 83 84 81 83 83 83 84 81 82 83 82 79 84 81 

------ 81 82 

,..... 

"' ~ lA 

"" 

Sept. Oct. N,ov. Dec. Jan. Feb. 

------------ 79 68 60 59 51 50 82 73 62 58 52 50 78 68 60 56 52 50 82 70 58 57 50 51 80 74 66 58 50 IH 

80 72 56 47 54 50 82 74 ------ 40 50 53 80 74 58 41 53 53 82 72 60 42 50 52 80 70 63 43 53 53 

80 67 53 43 52 53 

78 68 52 39 50 53 80 68 58 47 50 53 78 67 54 50 50 53 76 68 60 54 49 53 

76 62 54 54 52 54 76 64 53 53 52 53 71 64 51 54 52 54 72 68 50 50 53 54 

73 67 44 48 53 54 

75 68 50 51 53 54 74 64 49 51 54 54 76 60 49 52 54 54 75 58 52 52 54 54 74 58 52 52 52 53 

73 60 54 53 50 52 72 62 56 53 48 53 72 60 59 51 48 54 

68 58 56 52 48 ------ 67 58 54 51 50 ------ ·----- 60 ------ 51 51 ------

"11\J ~ "/" tM.t'"l v .·,.--. ~ 

u 

MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. F£8 MAR 

1937 1938 

FIGURE 21.-Temperature of water of Ocmulgee River at Macon, Ga., 1937-38. 

Mar. Apr. 

----

53 liS 

53 li9' 

53 li9' 

54 ~ 

54 60' 

53 1\() 

53 61 

54 60 

54 1\() 

------ 61). 

55 &r 

55 6~ 

56 ~-

57 62' 58 62' 

58 sa:: 57 sa:: 57 

57 "' " 58 6& 

58 6&1 

58 H: 

59 M! 

57 65' 

58 65' 

57 115 

58 ~ 

58 " 58 6S58 6 

59 -----· 

1 

' 

/ 

APR, 

l' 
TABLE 9.-Temperature (°F.) of water of Ogeechee River near Eden, Ga., 1937-38 

Day I May J~ne I July Aug. Sept. I Oct. No~~ De~~ Jan. I Fe~~ Ma~l Apr. ~------------

{_ _________________________ 66 78 80 80 78 70 60 54 53 48 54 72 

2--------------------------' 66 79 80 80 78 70 60 53 53 48 54 70 a _______________ : __________ 66 78 80 80 79 74 60 50 52 50 56 68 4 __________________________ 66 80 80 80 78 76 58 48 52 5~ 56 64 .:; __________________________ 66 79 79 80 78 76 59 49 51 52 59 64 

£ __________________________ 68 80 80 80 78 76 59 47 50 56 61 64 

1-------------------------- I 68 80 80 81 80 77 57 44 52 57 59 66 

8-------------------------- 68 81 81 82 78 76 57 43 51 56 58 67 

1L.----------------------- 69 82 81 81 78 72 57 44 49 57 60 64 

10------------------------- 69 81 80 81 78 72 58 43 47 57 60 60 

1L ________________________ 69 82 81 82 78 70 60 42 50 58 62 60 ;J.2 _________________________ 70 82 82 81 77 68 60 42 48 60 62 59 13 _________________________ 70 82 84 80 76 69 60 42 48 60 61 60 

14------------------------- 70 82 84 80 76 68 59 44 49 60 62 61 

15------------------------- 70 81 84 80 75 64 60 44 48 61 63 62 

16------------------------- 70 82 83 80 75 64 57 46 48 60 64 63 17 _________________________ 70 82 83 79 74 64 58 49 48 60 64 64 

18 _____ -------------------- 70 81 83 79 74 65 55 52 49 61 64 64 19 _________________________ 72 80 83 80 73 68 55 52 50 62 64 66 

20------------------------- 71 80 83 80 73 68 54 50 51 60 67 66 

2L: _______________________ 73 81 83 80 73 66 48 50 54 58 68 67 22 _________________________ 73 81 83 80 72 64 46 46 54 58 69 68 

23------------------------- 74 80 81 80 73 62 46 48 55 58 69 67 24 _________________________ 74 80 82 80 74 60 46 50 56 60 70 67 25 _________________________ 75 80 82 81 74 58 48 50 55 56 68 66 

26------------------------- 75 79 82 82 74 60 50 50 52 54 70 65 

21------------------------- 76 80 82 82 74 60 52 52 48 54 70 66 28 _________________________ 78 82 82 81 73 59 56 52 46 54 68 67 

29------------------------- 78 80 80 80 72' 58 54 52 45 ------ 68 68 

30------------------------- 78 80 80 78 71 58 54 52 46 ------ 68 68 3L ________________________ 79 ------ 80 78 ------ 57 ------ 53 46 ------ 69 ____ .,.. 

100 

90 

,.,..... ..r---.. 

I ~ l!\ 

1/ _Y\ / ~~ 

"\ 1\ ( \If 

v vv '-'l 

30 

20 

MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. N(N'. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. 1937 1938 

FIGURE 22.-Temperature of water of Ogeechee River near Eden, Ga., 1937-38, 
CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF SURF ACE WATERS OF' GEORGIA 333 

TABLE 10.-Temperature (° F.) of water of Satilla River near Waycross, Ga., 1937~38 

Day May June I July Aug. 

-----~---------

]_ ___ -------.------------.- 2 ____ ---------------------- 3 ____ - ---------------------

4 ____ ----------.. ---------- 5 ______ --------------------

6 ____ ----------------------

7------- ------------------- g ____ ----------------------

9 ... -----------------------

10 ... ----------------------

1L .. ______________________ 

~2- -----.. ------------------ 13 ___ ---------------------- 14 ________ ---- -------------

15 ____ ---------------------

16 ___ -------------- .... - ---- 17 _________ --- -------------

18 _____ -- -----------,------

19 ____ --------------------- 2Q _________ ----------------

21_ __ -- -------------------- 22 ______ ------------------- 23 _____ -- ------------------

24 ____ ---------------------

25 ___ ----------------------

26.------------------------

27-------------------------

28 ____ ---------------------

29 ____ --------------------- 30 ____ --- ------------------ 31_ __ ----------------------

100 

,_90 

:reo "' 

z 

"' 

~ 70 

< 

.. 

"' "' 

60 

:;1;0 

.. " 

QAO 

30 

20 

/ lv-V "'0/\ _r! 

MAY JUNE JULY 

68 

68 

67 

68 

69 

70 

72 

71 

72 

72 

72 

73 

73 

73 

74 

74 

76 

76 

79 

80 

81 

81 

82 

81 

82 

83 

82 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 85 78 84 84 79 83 84 80 82 85 ~0 

83 84 80 

82 83 81 84 84 82 85 86 84 

84 86 80 84 8(i 80 

84 88 81 84 86 80 84 86 80 84 88 78 85 82 78 

85 80 81 85 80 80 82 82 llO 81 82 81 

80 82 82 

82 84 82 84 82 81 85 80 81 84 80 82 83 81 83 

84 82 83 86 82 S4 

87 80 84 84 80 83 84 80 82 

------ 78 82 

A .../'.J\ 

"" I(\ 

V\, 

AUG. SEPT. OCT. 

1937 

Sept. 

82 

82 

81 

80 

82 

82 

83 

84 

82 

81 

81 

80 

79 

78 

78 

78 

78 

77 

76 

75 

74 

74 

75 

76 

74 

74 

74 

72 

71 

69 

------

~ 

\I 

v 

NOV 

Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.f Fcb.l Mar. 

69 65 54 ~~-5;---;- 72 66 54 58 52 59 

74 66 52 56 54 62 

77 63 bO 56 56 63 

78 62 49 55 62 66 

79 62 46 54 62 68 

79 60 44 56 64 65 

78 62 44 54 62 64 

76 63 45 51 62 66 

74 64 44 50 62 67 

71 64 44 52 62 66 

70 64 44 53 64 66 

70 64 45 51 64 64 

69 64 50 li1 64 66 

66 62 52 50 65 67 

64 58 54 50 64 67 

66 58 56 52 62 68 

70 50 58 56 65 67 

72 .56 56 56 65 68 

72 52 54 56 62 70 

68 48 54 59 60 71 

67 46 51 59 60 73 

62 46 54 60 63 72 

60 46 55 62 63 74 

60 50 54 68 58 72 

60 52 56 54 56 74 

64 68 56 50 58 74 

63 60 58 48 60 72 

62 .59 57 46 ------ 74 

62 56 56 49 ------ 75 

62 ------ 56 50 ------ 76 

r' ~ 

r/'v. r" vv 

f\1 V\IJ 

v 

DEC. .JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. 

1938 

FIGURE 23.-Temperature of water of Satilla River near Waycross, Ga., 1937-38. 

Apr. 

7 

74 

68 

67 

68 

68 

71 

73 

67 

64 

66 

68 

71 

71 

72 

74 

74 

76 

76 

75 

75 

76 

74 

74 

74 

74 

75 

77 

78 

78 

------
334 C011."TRiiBUTIONS TIO HYDROLOGY OF U'NITE.D STAfl'!ES, 1941-43 

TABLE H.-Temperature (°F.) of water of Savannah River near Clyo, Ga., 1938-39 

, Day I May June July Aug. Sept. Oc~~ Nov.l Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. 

--------------

1_ _________________________ 71 76 78 78 84 72 64 48 46 49 56 64 

:2 _______ ------------------- 72 76 80 78 84 71 64 48 46 51 56 65 ;a __________________________ 74 75 80 78 84 69 64 49 48 52 53 64 ,4 __________________________ 76 76 80 78 84 68 64 51 49 50 54 63 fj __________________________ 76 76 80 78 84 68 65 51 51 52 54 63 

-6 ____________________ • ______ 76 75 80 78 84 68 116 50 51 54 56 62 7 __________________________ 76 76 82 80 84 68 66 50 52 54 56 62 

'8-------------------------- 76 76 82 80 82 68 67 48 51 54 56 62 '!) __________________________ 76 76 82 81 82 68 66 48 52 54 56 61 10 _________________________ 74 77 84 81 81 68 66 48 52 56 58 62 

lL ________________________ 75 78 82 82 80 69 66 48 52 58 58 64 12 _________________________ 74 79 83 82 80 68 66 49 55 56 60 64 13 _________________________ 74 81 82 84 81 68 66 50 54 55 60 62 14 _________________________ 75 81 82 84 81 70 66 50 53 56 60 62 15 _________________________ 74 81 82 84 81 70 64 50 53 56 62 64 

16 _________________________ 73 80 '82 84 81 70 64 49 52 54 62 65 17 _________________________ 74 80 83 84 80 70 64 49 50 54 60 66 18 _________________________ 74 82 84 85 80 70 64 49 49 56 60 66 19 _________________________ 75 82 82 86 80 70 64 48 48 56 62 66 2} _________________________ 76 82 82 86 80 70 63 48 48 58 58 66 

2L.----------------------- 78 81 82 86 78 70 63 48 48 58 58 66 2.! _____ -------------------- 79 81 82 86 76 68 63 48 49 56 58 68 zj _________ ---------------- 80 81 82 86 76 68 63 48 48 54 59 68 24 _________________________ 80 82 80 86 76 67 62 50 49 51 60 68 

'25 ______ ------------------- 79 82 80 86 76 66 55 49 48 51 62 68 

'26 _________________________ 79 80 80 86 75 65 55 50 47 51 62 70 

27------------------------- 79 80 80 86 76 64 52 50 46 56 63 71 '28 _________________________ 78 80 78 86 75 62 50 48 46 56 64 72 29 _________________________ 76 80 78 86 73 62 49 48 48 ------ 64 71 ::JO ______ ,_- ----------------- 76 78 78 85 72 62 48 48 4S ------ 64 72 3L ________________________ 74 ------ 78 85 ------ 62 ------ 48 49 ------ 64 ------

100 

90 

~ r \. 

ltJ f..J r' " ,'-' \ ""' "I v 

\ A /"'} \IV 

v~ '-\. 

30 

20 MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. 

1938 1939 

FIOURE 24.-Temperature of water of Savannah River near C!yo, Ga., 1938-39. 
CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF SURFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA 335 

. COMPOSITION OF SURFACE WATERS 

The dissolved and suspended matter carried by surface water is 

taken up by the water as it flows over the surface or percolates 

through the ground. Part of the material carried by streams may 

come from industrial or human wastes, but in Georgia this generally 

does not amount to much and, as a rule, has no serious effect on the 

quality of the water except locally at places where the natural flow 

of the streams is not sufficient to dilute the polluting substances. As 

the dissolved and suspended matter of surface waters is dependent 

upon the amount and kind of rainfall and upon the character of the 

ground on which the rain falls, the composition of the waters varies 

from time to time. 

A report 7 published in 1942 on the industrial quality of public 

water supplies in Georgia includes a number of analyses of surface 

waters. A report 8 published in 1909 on the quality of surface waters 

in the United States includes a series of analyses of composites of 

daily samples for six rivers in Georgia. 

MINERAL CONSTITUENTS IN SOLUTION 

The mineral matter in natural waters is dissolved from rocks and 

soils. In general, most of the surface waters of Georgia come in 

contact with relatively insoluble silicate minerals, and therefore these 

waters are soft and low in mineral content. In the northwestern part 

of the State some of the waters come in contact with limestone and 

dolomite and in the southwestern part they come in contact with 

limestone, and consequently the surface waters in these regions are 

likely to be appreciably harder than most of. the surface waters in 

other parts of the State. 

The 470 analyses in this report show that the only mineral constituents exceeding 10 parts per million were silica, calcium, and 

bicarbonate except one result for magnesium and one for nitrate. 

Silica generally did not amount to more than 15 parts per million. 

The analyses of the composite samples, tables 12 to 21, show that the 

average silica content of 10 rivers ranged from 5.8 parts per million 

for the Satilla River near Waycross to 16 parts per million for the 

Oconee River at Milledgeville. The waters contained very little 

iron, generally less than 0.1 or 0.2 part per million. Analyses for the 

Ogeechee River near Eden show that the iron content .ranged from 

0.06 to 0.48 part per million, with an average of 0.27 part per million. 

Most of the analyses show that the calcium content was less than 5 

parts per million. A number of the waters, however, contained more 

7 Lamar, W. L., Industrial quality of public water supplies in Georgia, 1940: U. S. Geol. Survey Water• 

Supply Paper 912, 1942. 

a Dole, R. B., The quality of surface waters in the United States, part 1, Analyses of Waters East of the 

One-Hundredth Meridian: U.S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 236, 1909. 
336 ·aONrTRilBUTIONS '110 HYDRIOLOGIY OF 1JINITEn STNI"E,S, 1941-43 

than this amount, the maximum reported being 36 parts per million 

for Mill Creek at Dalton. With only a few exceptions magnesium 

was less than 5 parts per million, and potassium was always less than 

this amount. Sodium, sulfate, and chloride were generally less than 5 

parts per million. Bicarbonate is the principal acid radicle of the 

surface waters of Georgia. The bicarbonate content of the waters 

covered a considerable range; the minimum amount reported was 3.0 

parts per million and the maximum, including the equivalent of any 

carbonate present, was 156 parts per million. The highly colored 

waters of the Coastal Plain-except those of the Ogeechee River, as 

shown by the analyses of samples collected near Eden-were among 

the waters containing the smallest quantities of bicarbonate. Only 

four of the analyses show more than 0.2· part per million of fluoride. 

Two of these-one for the South River near ~IcDonough and one for 

the Ocmulgee River near Jackson-show fluoride of 2.0 parts and 0.7 

part per million, respectively .. Subsequent examinations of water 

from the South and Ocmulgee Rivers between Atlanta and Jackson 

showed variable fluoride content. The relatively larger quantities of 

fluoride presumably come from waste water from fertilizer plants. 

The acid treatment of phosphate rock in the manufacture of fertilizer 

sets free hydrofluoric acid, which is absorbed in water and discharged 

as waste into the South River and its tributaries near Atlanta. 

Smaller quantities of fluoride were found in the Ocumlgee River near 

Jackson, owing to natural dilution of the water of the South River, 

which flows into the Ocmulgee River, The nitrate was usually less 

than 1 part per million; but some of the analyses show higher amounts 

of nitrate and one shows 12 parts per million. Most of the streams in 

Georgia, even at times of maximum concentratioll, are not likely to 

carry in solution as much as 80 parts per million of dissolved solids. 

The principal exceptions are in the northwestern and southwestern 

parts of the Statewhere, as shown by the analyses in this report, the · 

dissolved solids amounted to as much as 131 parts per million. The 

dissolved solids of the soft highly colored waters in the Coastal Plain 

contain a large proportion of organic matter. 

The minimum and maximum analyses for each of 10 rivers, as 

reported in tables 12 to 21, are shown graphically in figures 25 and 26. 

These analyses were selected on the basis of the minimum and maximum equivalents per million and, as the organic matter and silic~:t 

are not included, the analyses do not necessarily represent the 

extremes of total dissolved. solids. 
'" "' "' '" "' "' 1 

i ... 

o. 

z 

0 

:::; 

-' 

:i 

"' 

~ 

"' ,_ 

z 

.... 

-' ;l: 

s 

0' 

.... 

EXPLANATION 

D Sodium 

(and potassium) 

~ Magnesium 

~ Calcium 

Chloride 

(and nitrate) 

Sulphate· 

Bicarbonate 

CHATIAHOOCHEE RIVER AT COLUMBUS 

F'IGURE 25.-Analyses showing minimum and maximum mineral content of waters of Altamaha, ChatLahoochec, and Etowah Ri vers. 
o. 

z 

0 

:::; 

::! 

:::E 

Q: 

UJ 

CL 

!/) 

.... 

z 

UJ 

...J 

~ 

5 

0' 

UJ 

OCONEE RIVER AT MILLEDGEVILLE 

Nov. 11- 20 

1937 

OGEECHEE RIVER NEAR EDEN 

June 1- 10 

1937 

EXPLANATION 

D Sodium 

(and potassium) 

Chloride 

(and nitrate) 

~ Magnesium Sulphate 

· Calcium 1m Bicarbonate 

FIGURE 26.-Analyses showing minimum and maximum mineral content of waters of Ocmulgee, Oconee, Ogeechee, Satilla, and Savannah Rivers. 
CHJ!iMICAL CHA:RACI'ER OF SURFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA 339 

HARDNESS 

Hardness is that characteristic which determines the usefulness 

and economic value of water for many purposes. Hard water is 

objectionable in many industries and in the home. · To those who 

use hard water its soap-consuming capacity is apparent. The hardness of water is practically always caused by calcium and magnesium; 

it is commonly reported as calcium carbonate (CaC03) equivalent to 

the calcium and magnesium. The hardness caused by calcium and 

magnesium equivalent to the bicarbonate or carb6nate in water is. 

called carbonate hardness, and the hardness causted by other compounds of calcium and magnesium is called nonca:rbonate hardness. 

The waters examined contained little or no noncarQonate hardness. 

Most of the surface waters in the State are very ,soft, the hardness 

generally being within the range of 8 to 25 parts :per million. For 

some streams the hardness of the water, at times .of maximum concentration, is not likely to exceed 20 parts per millipn; for others it is 

not likely to exceed 30 or 40 parts per million. Sbme of the highly 

. colored waters originating in the. Coastal Plain are very soft. The 

highly colored water of -the Satilla River near Wayc*oss did not exceed 

10 parts per million in hardness during the period of investigation. 

The principal exceptions are in the northwestern and southwestern 

parts of the State, where the hardest surface waters are found. In 

these two areas the range in hardness is comparaFvely wide. The 

maximum hardness as shown by the analyses given! in this report was 

131 parts per million: The hardness of the water iij. the northwestern 

part of the State is caused by calcium and magnedium bicarbonates, 

· whereas in the southwestern part it is mostly due to: calcium bicarbonate. : 

Regular examinations at seventl points on the Chattahoochee 

River and on the Altamaha River system showed a, small increase in 

hardness as these rivers flowed southward through ~he Coastal Plain • 

. The available analyses indicate that the Flint Rivetr increases noticeably in hardness as it flows southward through thejCoastal Plain. 

COLOR i 

In water analyses the term" color" refers to the aJi>pearance of water 

that is f,ree fr9m suspended matter. In general, rnpst of the streams 

in the Appalachian Highlands in Georgia, particula~ly the larger ones,. 

appear to be yellow or reddish yellow, owing to finely <SUspended clay. 

Usually when the suspended matter is removed, these waters arenearly colorless, that is, they have a true color of less than 10. For 

the large streams in the Coastal Plain, which also have an appreciablepart of their watershed in the Appalachian Highlands, the color of the· 

water is largely dependent upon the proportion of the watershed in. 
' ·-~ 

well-drained areas and in swampy areas. Many of the surface waters 

originating in the eastern and southern parts of the Coastal Plain are 

highly colored. 

Natural color in water is caused alm,ost entirely by organic matter 

extracted from decomposed plant and animal residues. This organic 

or humic matter presents some difficulties in water analysis when the 

color is high enough to interfere with colorimetric determinations such 

as those for bicarbonate, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, and pH. For 

some waters not too highly colored the comparisons for the determi-

·nation of fluoride and pH can be made by compensating for the color 

of the water. For the determinations of chloride and nitrate the · 

color may be removed with alumina cream. The residue from evaporation, dried at 180° C. and used for subsequent determinations, 

should be ignited sufficiently to destroy all organic matter. 

Analyses of the waters containing appreciable color from humic 

matter did not balance well; that is, the equivalents of the bases and 

acids did not agree to the extent required of an accurate analysis. The 

error is positive, which means that the sum of the equivalents of the 

bases is more than the sum of the equivalents of the acids because the · 

amount and kind of organic complex or "humic acids" in the water 

was not determined. ' 

The pH of most of the highly colored waters was low. For the 

Satilla River near Waycross the average color was 90 and the average. 

pH was 6.1. The lowest pH, 4.1, and the highest color, 360, were 

reported for a spot sample from the Suwannee River, which drains 

the Okefenokee Swamp. 

OXYGEN CONSUMED 

The results of analyses giveri in tables 12 to 21 under the heading 41 0xygen consumed" furnish a rough indication of the oxidizable or-' 

ganic matter in the unfiltered and filtered samples. Oxygen con~ 

slimed is a measure of the material oxidized by potassium permanganate Under prescribed co~ditions. Oxygen consumed was not 

reported for the analyses of the spot samples given in table 22, as a · 

single determination is often of little value and may be misleading. 

Oxygen consumed may be roughly proportional to the intensity of 

the color of natural waters. Waters that are not noti(leably colored 

may contain oxidizable material, but generally the polluting material 

colors the water. · The naturally highly colored waters in the Coastal 

Plain had relatively high oxygen consumed. An analysis of a sample 

of water from the Suwannee River at Fargo indicated a color of 360 

and an oxygen-consumed value of 58 for the filtered water. The orga.ri.ic content of a number of the higJ:lly colored streams in the Coastal 

Plain comes almost entirely from decomposed plahts. 
CHJJiMICAL- CHARACTER OF SURFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA 341 

SUSPENDED MATTER 

The suspended matter reported in the tables of analyses is the weightin parts per million of the suspended or insoluble material carried by 

the water. The suspended matter carried by streams in Georgia may 

vary widely for the same stream from time to time, and for streams 

draining areas of different topography and geology. Many of the 

streams draining the Appalachian Highlands and the hilly sections 

of the Coastal Plain carry suspended matter of finely divided clay 

that produces a persistent turbidity. The quantity of suspended 

matter may vary considerably in accordance with the nature and 

condition of the ground upon which the rain falls. Hilly land that 

is freshly plowed or denuded of trees and vegetation is subject t~ 

destructive erosion, particularly from heavy showers. A sudden heavy 

rain will wash into a stream much more suspended material than the 

same quantity of water falling as a gentle rain. There is no direct 

relation between suspended load and discharge although, in general, 

the suspended load is greater at times of high discharge than at times 

of low discharge. 

As previously indicated, the results for suspended matter given in 

this report are only approximations for no systematic study was made 

of the suspended loads carried by any of the streams. The results for 

suspended matter were obtained in connection with the analysis 

of the dissolved mineral content and serve for purposes where accurate 

determination of the suspended load is not needed. For streams carrying very little suspended matter at any time the results are nearly as 

adequate as those obtained from a more ~xtensive investigation. 

At five sampling stations on four rivers in the Appalachian Highlands the average quantities of suspended matter carried during ayear ranged from 43 parts per mill.ion (Chattahoochee River at Columbus, 1940-41) to 207 parts per million(Chattahoochee River near 

Vinings, 1937-38). The relatively small quantity of suspended matter 

in the water at Columbus was partly due to the large reservoirs above 

the sampling station. Studies for the year 1937-38 showed that the 

Altamaha River, which is formed by the confluence of the Ocmulgee 

and Oconee Rivers, carried at Doctortown less suspended matter in 

parts per million than the Ocmulgee River at Macon or the Oconee 

River at Milledgeville. 

In the eastern and southern parts of the Coastal Plain the land is 

gently rolling to nearly level. Many of the streams are bordered by 

swamps, and in some places they appear to have no definite channeL 

The soil is mostly sandy and porous; in some areas there are numerous 

lime sinks. Streams originating in the Coastal Plain have a gradual 

runoff, and they generally carry very little suspended matter. The 

suspended matter carried by the Satilla River near Waycrossduring 
342 CONTRiiBUTIONS '110 HYDROLOGY OF U'NITEiD S'l'Ail"ES, 1941-43 

the year ending September 30, 1938, ranged from 4 to 35 parts per 

million, with an average of 10 parts per million. The suspended 

matter carried by the Ogeechee River near Eden during the same 

period ranged from 3 to 14 parts per million, with an average of 7 parts 

per million. However, the Ogeechee River near Eden, as the result 

of heavy rains in the upper part of the watershed, may carry considerably higher maximum quantities of suspended matter than is indicated by the data obtained during the period of investigation. 

ALTAMAHA RIVER 

The Altamaha River system 9 is the largest one lying wholly within 

the State. It is formed by the junction of the Ocmulgee and Oconee 

Rivers at a point on the southeast boundary of Wheeler County. 

The headwaters rise on the south slope of the Chattahoochee Ridge. 

The waters of this river, which flow in a southeasterly direction, drain 

a large part of the Piedmont province and the Coastal Plain and empty 

into the Atlantic Ocean near the town of Darien. The Altamaha 

River proper is wholly within the Coastal Plain and flows through a 

wide flood plain that is swampy in many places. The Altamaha from 

the junction of the Ocmulgee and Oconee to its mouth is about 137 

miles in length. It is tidal to a point about 33 miles above its mouth. 

The drainage area of the entire system is 14,400 square miles. For 

the 10-year period ending September 30, 1941, the average discharge 

at Doctortown (drainage area, 13,600 square miles) was 11,650 secondfeet. 

The Altamaha Basin is made up of igneous and metamorphic rocks, 

clays, and sands in the Piedmont province and sedimentary rocks, 

clays, and sands in the Coastal Plain. 

Analyses . were made of composites of daily samples from the 

Altamaha River at Doctortown for the year ending April 30, 1938. 

The analyses (pp. 352-353) show that the river water is soft and low in 

mineral content at all times. Bicarbonate (HC03) and silica (Si02) were 

the only mineral constituents that exceeded 10 parts p'er million during 

the investigation. The concentration of suspended matter was low; 

"Sometimes it was considerably less than the total dissolved solids, 

sometimes considerably more. Much of the stream flow of the Altamaha River comes from the well-drained land in the Piedmont province 

and the Coastal Plain, although some is derived from low and swampy 

areas in the Coastal Plain, where the water is often highly colored. 

t Altamaha, Oconee, and Ocmulgee Rivers, Ga., Report from the Chief of Engineers: 74th Cong., 1st sess., 

-H. Doc. 68, 1935. 
CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF SURFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA 343 

CHATTAHOOCHEE RIVER 

The Chattahoochee River 10 rises in the Blue Ridge, in the northeastern part of the State, flows in a southwesterly direction to the 

vicinity of the town of West Point, and thence in a southerly direction 

until it joins the Flint River to form the Apalachicola River, which 

empties into the Gulf of Mexico. The Chattahooc;hee River from 

the southwest corner of Troup County to its mouth forms the western 

boundary of Georgia. The river crosses the Fall Line at Columbus. 

Above the Fall Line the river has considerable slope and is an excellent 

source of water power. The largest falls are located in a 30-mile 

stretch of the river from just below West Point to Columbus, and a 

large amount of water power has been developed in this section. In 

the Coastal Plain the river is generally deeply entrenched and has 

little or no swamp land bordering its course. The drainage basin 

ranges in elevation from about 4,000 feet above sea level in the mountains to less than 100 feet where the Chattahoochee unites with the 

Flint River. The elevation of the water surface at Columbus near· 

the Fall Line is about 200 feet above sea level. 

The Chattahoochee from its source to the confluence with the Flint 

has a length of about 430 miles. The drainage area is about 8,750 

square miles. For the 13-year period ending September 30, 1941, the 

average discharge at Columbia, Ala. (drainage area, 8,040 square 

miles), was 10,400 second-feet. 

Above the Eall Line the formations of the area drained consist of 

crystalline rocks, clays, and sands; below the Fall Line they consist 

chiefly of sands and clays with some outcrops of marl and limestone. 

Analyses were made of composites of daily samples from the Chattahoochee River as follows: Near Vinings for the year ending April 30, 

1938; at Columbus for the year ending September 30, 1941; and near 

Hilton n for the year ending September 30, 1941. The analyses 

(pp. 354-359) show that the river water is soft and low in mineral 

content at all times. Bicarbonate (HC03) and silica (Si02) were the 

only mineral constituents that exceeded 10 parts per million. From 

Vinings to Hilton the water increased slightly in mineral content and 

hardness. The suspended matter in samples from all three stations 

ranged from 6 to 7 46 part~ per million. 

10 Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla., Report from the Chief of Engineers; 

76th Cong., 1st sess., H. Doc. 342, 1939. 

" The discharge measurement station for the Chattahoochee River at this point is designated as at Columbia, Ala. 
' 344 00:1\"'i'l'RiiBUT.ION!S TIO HYDROLOGY OF tJINTJ:TE'D S'II.Arf!ES, 1941-43 . 

ETOWAH RIVER 

The headwaters of the Etowah River 12 are in Lumpkin County, 

on the southern slope of the Blue Ridge. For a short distance the 

river flows in a southerly direction; then it meand~rs in a westerly 

direction to its confluence with the Oostanaula River at Rome to 

form the Coosa River. The Etowah River flows through mountainous, hilly, and broken country. The watershed is in parts of thre0 

provinces-the Blue Ridge, the Piedmont, and the Valley and Ridge. 

The river /has considerable slope. The highest elevations in the 

drainage basin are more than 3,000 feet in the mountains (Springer 

Mountain, elevation 3,787 feet, and Hightower, elevation 3,586 feet), 

and in most of the drainage basin the higher elevations are more 

than 1,000 feet above sea level. However, much of the river channel · 

is deeply entrenched, and the water surface at Rome is about 570 

feet above sea level. The drainage area of the Etowah River is 

1,810 square miles. The average discharge ·at Rome was 1,654 

second-feet for the 2-year period ending September 30, 1941. 

Analyses were made of composites of daily samples from the Etowah 

River near Cartersville for the year ending September 30, 1939. The 

analyses (pp. 360-361) show that bicarbonate (HC03) and silica (Si02) 

we:~;e the only mineral constituents that exceeded 10 parts per million 

during the period of investigation. Above Cartersville the water is 

soft and low in mineral content; below Cartersville it increases in 

hardness from the solution of limestone and dolomite in this part of 

the area. Mining operations above the sampling· station near 

Cartersville increased at times the quantity of suspended matter in 

the water. 

OCMULGEE RIVER 

The Ocmulgee River 13 is formed by the junction of the South and 

Yellow Rivers at Lloyd Shoals· Reservoir near the south corner of 

Newton County. The Alcovy River also enters this reservoir. The 

Ocmulgee River crosses the Fall Line at )\facon. Above the Fall 

Line the river and its tributaries flow through very hilly country and 

have considerable slope. The elevations at the headwaters reach a 

maximum of more than 1,000 feet above sea level. The drainage 

area of the Ocmulgee River is 6,085 square. miles. The river proper 

is about 255 miles in length. For the 6-year period ending September 

30, 1942, the average discharge at Lumber City (drainage area, 5,180 

square miles) was 4,837 second-feet. 

Above the Fall Line at Macon the formations drained are in the 

Piedmont and are made up of crystalline rocks, clays, and sands that 

are composed largely of relatively insoluble silicate minerals. 

"Alabama-Coosa branch of Mobile River system, Report from the Chief of Engineers: 74th Cong., 1st 

sess., H. Doc. 66. 1935. 

" Altamaha, Oconee, and Ocmulgee Rivers, Ga., Report from the Chief of Engineer~: 74th Cong., 1st sess., 

H. Doc. 68, 1935. 
· +ICAL CHARACTER OF simFACE WATERS OF GEOBOIA 345 

Analys~s were made of composites of daily samples from the 

Ocmulge River at Macon for the year ending April30, 1938. The 

analyses pp. 362-363) show that the river water ·is soft and low in 

mineral ntent at all times. J3icarbonate (HC08) and silica (Si02) 

were the nly mineral constituents that exceeded 10 parts per million 

during th investigation. The results show that the suspended matter 

var~ed c siderably, the extremes being 10 and 432 parts per million. 

OCONEE RIVER 

dwater streams- of the Oconee River 14_rise near Gainesville, 

them slope of the Cha_ttahoochee Ridge. The Oconee River 

crosses t e Fall Line in the vicinity of Milledgeville. Above the Fall 

Line the "ver and its tributaries flow through very hilly country and 

have co iderable slo:J?e. The elevations at the headwaters reach a 

maximu of more than 1,000 feet above sea level. The drainage area 

of the Oc nee River is 5,318 square miles. The river is more than 270 · 

miles in 1 ngth. For the 4-year period ending September 30, 1942, the 

average ischarge near Mount Vernon (drainage area, 5,110 square 

miles) w s 4,650 second-feet. 

Above the Fall Line the formations drained are in the Piedmont and 

consist o crystalline rocks, clays, and sands that are composed largely 

. of relatively insoluble silicate minerals. 

Analys s were made of composites of daily samples from the Oconee 

River a Milledgeville for the year ending April 30, 1938. The 

analyses pp. 364-365) show that the river wnter is soft and low in mineral cont nt at all times. Bicarbonate (HC03) and silica (Si02) were the 

only min ral constituents that exceeded 10 parts per million during 

the peri d of investigation. The results show that the suspended · 

matter v ried widely, the extremes being 14 and 409 parts per million. 

OGEECHEE RIVER 

eechee River 16 rises in Greene County, in the northeastern 

part of t e State, flows iii a southeasterly direction, and empties into 

the Atla tic Ocean. The river basin is wholly within the State and 

lies betw en the Savannah and Altamaha River 'Basins. All but the 

headwat rs of the Ogeechee River are in the Coastal Plain. The ter~ 

rain ish" y at the headwaters, merges into gently rolling country, and_ 

becomes at near the seacoast. The elevation ranges from about 65()! 

feet abo sea level at the headwaters to sea level. From the vicinity 

of the to n of Millen the flood plain through which the Ogeechee River· 

flows is l rgely a continuous swamp, and for the last 10 miles is a tidat 

marsh. he river is about 245 miles in length and is tidal to about. 

44 miles above its mouth. The drainage area of the basin is ,4,180 

•• Op. cit. < 4th Cong., 1st sese., H. Doc. 68), 

11 Ogeechee iver, Ga., Report from the Chief of Engineers: 74th Cong., 1st sese., H. Doc. 271, 1935. 

5885 2 44. 5 
346 COIN'DRIIBUTLONiS '110 HYDROLOGY OF UN1TE'D S'IWrES, 1 9 41-4 3 

square miles. For the 5-year period ending September 30, 1942, the 

average discharge near Eden (drainage area, 2,650 square miles) was 

1,906 second-feet. 

Analyses were made of composites of daily samples from the Ogeechee River near Eden for the year ending April 30, 1938. The sampling station was above the mouth of the Canoochee River, which is 

the principal tributary. These analyses (pp. 366-367) show that the 

river water was soft and low in mineral content, but it was the hardest 

of the highly colored waters. Bicarbonate (HC03) and silica (Si02) 

were the only mineral constituents that exceed 10 parts per million 

during the investigation. As certain parts of the drainage basin 

below Millen are swampy, the color of the water increases with the 

drainage from these parts. The sum of the mineral constituents 

frequently does not agree well with *e determined total dissolved 

solids because of the presence of noticeable quantities of organic 

·matter. The river near Eden carried very little suspended matter 

during the investigation. There are some changes in the characteristics of the Ogeechee River water from the upper to the lower parts 

of the river. 

Examination of samples of water collected on December 12, 1937, 

at the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad bridge (river mile 30.7) near 

Richmond Hill when the stream flow was considerably less than 

average indicated some salt-water intrusion at this point. 

SATILLA RIVER 

The Satilla River 16 rises in Ben Hill County near the city of Fitzgerald, meanders generally south of east through the Coastal Plain, 

and empties into the Atlantic Ocean through St. Andrew Sound. The 

topography of the drainage basin ranges from gently rolling to nearly 

level land. The lower areas in much of the basin are poorly drained 

and swampy. As the banks of the Satilla River and its tributaries 

are low, the water spreads out in many plac.es to form dense swamps, 

and through the last 30 miles of its course the river is bordered by a 

tidal marsh. The Satilla River is about 256 miles in length, and it is 

tidal to about 67 miles above its mouth. The drainage area of the 

basin is about 3,530 square miles. For the 10-year period ending 

September 30, 1941, the average discharge at Atkinson (drainage 

area, 2,880 square miles) was 1,534 second-feet. 

The surface cover in the Satilla River basin is sandy with varying 

amounts of humus in the swampy places. 

Analyses were made of composites of daily samples from the Satilla 

River near Waycross for the year ending April30, 1938. These analyses (pp. 368-369) and the analysis of a single sample of water collected 

" Satilla River, Ga., Report from the Chief of Engineers; 71st Cong.,. 2d sess., R. Doc. 52, 1930. 
CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF SURFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA 347 

at Atkinson show that the river water is very soft and low in mineral 

content at all times. None of the mineral constituents exceeded 10 

parts per million during the investigation. Of the 10 rivers (analyses 

on pp. 352-371) examined for a period of a year the Satilla River had 

the highest chloride ~ontent. The determined total dissolved solids 

was considerably higher than the sum of the mineral constituents because of the presence of quantities of organic matter, which frequently 

amounted to more than the total mineral matter. The water was 

highly colored. The amber-colored water appeared almost black 

when viewed in the stream. The river carried very little suspended 

matter. 

SA V ANNAB RIVER 

The headwater streams of the Savannah River 17 rise in the Blue 

Ridge in North Carolina. The Savannah is formed by the confluence 

of the Tugaloo and Seneca Rivers at a point on the northeast boundary 

of Hart County above the town of Hartwell. It flows in a southeasterly direction and empties into the Atlantic Ocean 17 miles below the 

city of Savannah. The river forms most of the boundary between 

Georgia and South Carolina. It is about 314 miles in length and 

is tidal for about 50 miles above its mouth. The entrance and lower 

22 miles of the river have been improved to form the Savannah Harbor 

for deep-draft ocean-going vessels. The Savannah River, with its 

tributaries, drains parts of the Blue Ridge and Piedmont provinces and 

a part of the Coastal Plain, which it enters at the Fall Line, at the city 

of Augusta. Above the Fall Line the river and its tributaries have 

considerable slope and are a good source of water power. The elevations in the drainage basin in Georgia range from about 4,000 feet in 

the mountains (Chestnut Mountain, elevation 4,600 feet) to sea level 

at the mouth. The elevation of the water surface near the Fall Line, 

at the city of Augusta, is about 100 feet above sea level. Below 

Augusta the river is generally bordered by swamps, although bluffs 

rise along parts of the river. The drainage area of the Savannah River 

Basin is 10,580 square miles. For the 5-year period ending September 

30, 1942, the average discharge near Clyo (drainage area, 9,850 square 

miles) was 10,120 second-feet. 

The river drains a •region of igneous and metamorphic rocks, clays, 

and sands in the Appalachian Highlands and of sedimentary rocks, 

clays, and sands in the Coastal Plain. 

Analyses were made of composites of daily samples from the Savannah River near Clyo for the year ending April 30, 1939. The analyses (pp. 370-371) show that the river water is soft and low in mineral 

content at all times. Bicarbonate (HC03) and silica (Si02) were the 

only mineral constituents that exceeded 10 parts per million during the 

17 Savannah River, Ga., S.C., and N.C., Report from the Chief of Engineers: 74 Cong., lst sess., H. Doc. 

64, 1935. 
348 CONTRIBUTIONS TO HYDROLOGY OF UNITED STATES, 1941-43 ' 

investigation. The quantity of suspended matter carried by the river 

varies considerably. The silting of Savannah Harbor is due in part 

to the precipitation of the suspended matter by the action of the· 

incoming salt water. 

A study 18 of the salinity of the lower Savannah River was made by 

the Geological Survey for the year ending November 30, 1938, and 

also for the period from July 21 to September 30, 1939. The river 

up to and including the vicinity of Savannah is subject to salt-water 

intrusion. Changes in stream flow and in tidal intensity, as well as 

·other forces, more or less minor or intermittent, cause variations in 

salinity from day to day. During the greater part of the period of 

investigation the most advanced position of noticeable salinity, conductivity (KX 105 at 25° C.) 20 or chloride 42 parts per million advanced 

and retreated from time to time in the stretch of the river from just 

above the Atlantic Coastal Highway bridge to just below t,he Seaboard 

Railway bridge. Occasionally the limit of salt-water intrusion 

(noticeable salinity) retreated to about Bull Street, Savannah, and 

during floods it retreated farther down the river. The retreat during 

a flood depends upon the size and duration of the flood. A river discharge of about 4,500 second-feet at Clyo prevented, at high tide, 

the advance of noticeable salinity (conductivity 20) above the vicinity 

of the Atlantic Coastal Highway Bridge. Owing to changes in tidal 

intensity and other forces from day to day the position of noticeable 

salinity as determined for a given discharge is not stationary. There 

is some advance and retreat from day to day, but for a given discharge 

the most advanced position of noticeable salinity is in the vicinity 

of the determined average P,Osition. 

ANALYSES 

The analyses are reported in parts per million; and .for calcium, 

magnesium, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, 

and nitrate the equivalents per million are also given. The discharge 

of the streams is reported in second-feet (see "Stream flow," p. 324). 

The temperature of the water is expressed in degrees Fahrenheit. 

Detailed analyses of composite samples, arranged alphabetically 

by the names of the streams, are given in tables 12 to 21, which include 

data for a period of a year for the Altamaha River, Chattahoochee 

River, Etowah River, Ocmulgee River, Oconee River, Ogeechee 

River, Satilla River, and Savannah River. The sampling points for 

these streams are given below. 

Altamaha River at Doctortown: Sampling station at Atlantic' Coast 

Line Railroad bridge at Doctortown, about 4~ miles northeast of 

Jesup. Samples collected near south shore at the discharge measurement station. 

18 Lamar, W. L., Salinity of the lower.Savannah River in relation to stream llow and tidal action: Am. 

Geophys. Union Trans. of 1940, pp. 463-470. 
. . , . CHEf\IICAL C~ARACTER OF SURFACE WATERS OF GEORGIA 349 

, Chattahoochee River near Vinings: Sampling station at Pace Ferry 

Bridge, 1· mile southeast of Vinings, 1 mile downstream from Rotten 

. Wood (]reek, 2% miles upstream from Peachtree Creek, and 8 miles 

northwest of Atlanta. Samples collec.ted from bridge at the discharge 

measuremm~t station. 

Chattahoochee River .at Columbus: Sampling station at filtration 

plant of Columbus Water Works, just north of Columhus, 1% miles 

upstream from North Highlands Dam, 8 miles downstream from Goat 

Rock bam, and 13% miles downstream from Bartletts Ferry Dam. 

Samples collected at waterworks intake 4 miles upstream from the 

discharge measurement station at lower Central of Georgia Railway 

bridge in Columbus. · 

Chattahoochee River near Hilton: Sampling station at bridge on 

Georgia State Highway 62, a quarter of a mile downstream from 

Central of Georgia Railway bridge, half a mile above mouth of 

Omussee Creek, and half a mile east of Columbia,· Ala. Samples 

collected from highway bridge at the discharge measurement station 

referred to in reports on surface water supply o'f the United States as 

Chattahoochee River at Columbia, Ala. 

Etowah· River near Cartersville: Sampling station at bridge on 

United States Highway 41, half a mile downstream from Nashville, 

Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway bridger 2 miles southeast of · 

Cartersville, and 3% miles downstream from Allatoona Creek. 

Samples collected from highway bridge 2% mile's downstream from 'the 

discharge measurement station. 

Ocmulgee River at Macon: Sampling station at filtration plant of 

Macon Water Works. Samples collected at waterworks intake 3 

miles upstream from the discharge measurement station at Fifth 

Street Bridge in Macon. 

Oconee River at Milledgeville: Sampling station at bridge on 

State Highway 24 at Milledgeville, 0.4 mile upstream from Fishing 

Creek, and 2 miles downstream from Georgia Railroad bridge. 

Samples collected from highway bridge at the .discharge measurement 

station. 

Ogeechee River near Eden: Sampling station at bridge on United 

States Highways 25, 80, and 280, 2 miles west of Eden, 2 miles upstream from Seaboard Railway bridge, and 3 miles upstream from 

Black Creek. Samples collected from the. highway bridge at the 

discharge measurement station. 

Satilla River near Waycross: Sampling station at Atlantic Coast 

Line Railroad bridge, 200 feet downstream from bridge on State . 

Highway 38, and 3 miles northeast of Waycross. Samples collected 

from railroad bridge at the discharge measurement station. 

Savannah River near Clyo: Sampling station at Seaboard Railway 
350 OONrl'R!lBUTliONS '110 HYDROLOG'Y OF UNITED S'IWrES, 19 41-4 3 ' 

bridge, 3 miles north of Clyo. Samples collected from bridge at the 

discharge measurement station. 

These detailed analyses show the chemical character of the water· 

throughout the year. The arithmetical average represents the composition of the water as it would be obtained by analyzing a composite 

sample made from equal portions of daily samples for a period of a 

year. The weighted average represents the composition of the water 

as it would be obtained by analyzing a composite sample made from 

daily aliquots, the size of which is in proportion to the discharge. 

The weighted average analysis would represent the composition of 

the mixed water in a reservoir holding the total flow of the river for 

a year. 

Table 22 gives 100 analyses, which include 90 single analyses and 

10 average analyses for the streams represented in tables 12 to 21. 

The variations in composition of surface waters from time to time 

should be consiUered in applying data from a single analysis. Many 

of the surface waters of Georgia, however, are soft and low in mineral 

content at all times. 
TABLES OF ANALYSES 

351 
Mean 

dis- Date charge 

(secondf•.et) 

May 1-10, 1937. ......... 25,180 May 11-20 __ , ____________ 36,790 

~~ ~!13~~:::::::::::::: 12,870 

8,396 June 11-20 ............... 7,851 June 21-1!(L ............. 7,884 

July' 1-10.--------------- 7,224 July 11-20 ............... 7,923 July 21--111. .............. 6, 798 

Aug. 1-10 ................ 8,052 

Aug. 11-20 ............... 8,084 Aug. 21-31.. •............ 7,665 

Sept. 1-10--------------- 9,984 Sept. 11-20 .............. 7, 771 Sept. 21-30 .......•....... 5,089 Oct. 1-10-.--------------- 4, 595 Oct.11-20 ..•...• c ••.•.•. 4, 379 Oct. 21-31. ______ , _______ 7,225 

Nov. 1-10 .. : ....•.......• 8, 747 Nov. 11-20 _______________ 6,102 Nov. 21-30 ....•.......... 6,572 Dec. 1-10 ................ 6,136 Dec. 11-20 ............... 5,908 Dec. 21-31. .............. 6,949 

JI\D. 1-10, 1938 •.......... 8,112 ·Jan. 11-20--------------- 8,113 Jan. 21-31. ..•........... 6,914 

Feb. 1-10--------'------- 6,232 

'"Feb. 11-HL ............. 5,680 Feb. 20-28: .............. 5,440 

Mar:l-10 ....... ~-------- 5,644 Mar. 11-'20 •....•......... 5,621 Mar. 21-31.. ............. 8,908 Apr. 1'-10 ....•........... 8,685 Apr. 11-20 .....•......... 43,570 

Apr. 21-30 ............... 35,240 

Average ........... ---

TABLE 12.-AnalyseB of water from the Altamaha River at Doctortown, Ga., 1937-38 

[Analyses by William L. Lamar and Arthur T. Ness. Drainage area, 13,600 square miles] - Parts per million 

Oxygen . Tern- Sus- conswned Mag- Po- pera- Cal- Sodi- Blear- Chlo- pended Color Silica Iron cium ne- tun tas- bonate Sulfate rldo ture matter Unfil· Fil- (SiO,) (Fe) (Ca) sium (Na) sium (HCOa) (SO,) (• F.) (Cl) tered teted (Mg) (K) 

-----~ 

--------------------------- 67 72 6.0 4.8 25 8;6 0.05 4.7 1.2 2.9 1.1 21 2.3 2.0 70 82 5.0 3.4 28 9.1 .08 4.8 1.2 3.0 1.1 21 2.5 1.8 77" 53 4.0 2.1 30 11 .10 6.8 1. 7 4.8 1.0 32 2. 7 2. 5 82 77 4.2 1.4 10 13 .04 8.0 1.7 4.6 1.0 36 3. 5 2.8 83 51 2.5 1.1 14 12 .06 7.8 1.6 3. 7 .9 35 2.8 2.8 82 108 4.3 3.3 18 12 .04 7.5 1.8 4.2 1.0 32 4.0 2.8 

82 112 5.0 3.8 24 11 .07 7. 7 1.4 4.1 1.1 32 3.3 2.8 83 81 5.0 3.5 26 13 .04 6.4 1. 4 3.4- 1. 2 27 3.8 2.8 84 68 6.6 4.2 26 12 .07 7. 7 1.4 3.3 t. 1 32 3.0 2.8- 83 68 6.4 5.1 30 14 .07 6. 5 1.4 4.8 1.1 32 2.6 2.6 83 82 7.0 5.9 30 11 .06 6.6 1.5 3.6 1.0 26 3.1 2.9 83 118 6.8 5.2 25 11 .10 7.0 1.4 3.9 1.1 28 3.4 2.9 

81 120 11 5. 7 28 12 .08 5.6 1.4 3.9 1.3 23 3.5 2.9 78 73 9.4 5.2 26 12 .11 6.6 1. 5 4.0 1.4 25 4.0 3.2 74 48 6.2 4.4 28 13 .14 9.0 1.9 3. 7 1.4 36 3.3 3.5- 77 36 5.6 4.2 24 12 .06 9.6 1.6 4.0 1.2 37 2.8 3.6 70 42 3.5 2.8 15 13 .06 8.6 1.5 4. 7 .8 38 3.3 3.2 62 119 5.8 3.4 22 11 .05 6.8 1.5 3.6 .9 30 3. 7 3.1 

62 56 5.4 3.6 16 11 .10 5.6 1.4 3.5 1.7 23 3.9 3.1 57 44 3.8 2.6 18 13 .12 8.0 1.6 3.9 1. 5 35 3.4 3.8 53 34 4.0 3.0 20 14 .20 7.4 1.6 4.1 1.5 32 3.5 3.8 52 32 2.6 1.6 14 14 .13 8.0 1.7 4.4 1.5 36 3.0 3.5 54 22 2.0 1.4 14 15 .12 8.2 1.8 4.9 1.4 36 2.8 3.8 53 38 3.4 2.6 14 14 .14 7.6 1.7 4.3 1.5 34 2.8 4.1 52 44 4.2 2.8 14 13 .12 6.8 1.9 4.2 1.4 28 3.6 4.0 50 36 3.4 2.2 12 13 .12 7.0 1.7 4.3 1.3 30 3.3 3.9 51 33 3.4 1.8 12 14 .27 8.0 1.5 5.2 . 5 35 2. 7 4.0 54 31 2.8 2.0 10 13 .09 8.2 1.6 4.4 1.2 35 3.2 3.8 61 28 3.2 2.6 8 14 .03 8.8 1.7 4.4 1.4 38 3.0 3.9 56 27 3.6 2 .. 6 8 12 .02 9.1 1.6 4.5 1.2 38 3.0 3.9 68 28 4.6 2.2 12 13 .12 8. 7 1. 7 4.6 1.2 38 3.1 3.9 63 27 4.4 1.8 10 14 .11 8. 7 1.8 4.9 1.2 38 2.5 3.5 68 103 6.2 2.8 12 13 .12 6. 7 1.6 4.4 1.3 29 3. 5 3. 5 66 76 5.6 3.0 14 14 .13 6.8 1.7 4.3 1.6 33 3. 7 3.1 66 55 17 7.6 28 8. 7 .25 3.2 1.1 3.0 1.8 15 4.4 2.5 68 34 12 6.8 30 11 .09 4. 7 1.3 3.2 1.4 21 3.8 2.8 ----------------------------------- Weighted average_ -------- -----·- 60 5.4 3.4 19 12 .10 7. 2 1.6 4.1 1.2 31 3.2 3.2- 10,330 ------- 62 7.1 4.1 22 11 .11 6.2 1.4 3.8 1.3 27 3.3 2. 9 

Total Total Flu- Ni- hard· oride trate dis- ness (F) (NOa) solved as' solids caco, 

------------ 0.2 0.20 44 17 .2 .40 45 17 .0 .71 54 24 .0 . 76 57 27 .0 .80 56 26 .0 .64 56 26 

.0 .52 54 25 .0 . 73 52 22 .0 .44 56 25 .o .40 58 22 .0 -.40 53 23 .o . 51 54 23 

.0 .40 50 20 .o .40 53 23 .1 .48 58 30 .0 .56 59 31 .0 .48 56 28 .0 .45 49 23 

.0 .28 45 20 .0 .26 56 27 .0 .20 57 25 .0 .32 56 27 .o .28 59 28 .0 .36 57 26 

.o .28 53 25 

.o .40 53 24 

.o .48 56 26 

.o .32 56 27 .o .48 60 29 

.o .50 59 29 

.0 .50 58 29 .0 .64 60 29 .0 .62 55 23 .0 . 72 56 24 .0 .33 44 13 .0 .25 47 17 -------- .0 .46 54 25 .0 .42 51 21 
EquivalllJlls per mUIIon 

May 1-10, 1937---------- 25, 180 -----.-- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 0.235 0.099 0.126 0.028 0.344 0.048 0.056 o. 010 0.003 -------- _______ .., 

May 11-20 ______ --------- 36,790 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ May .240 .099 .130 .028 .344 .052 .051 .010 .006 -------- -------- 21-3L _____________ 12,870 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ;------ .339 .140 .209 .026 .524 .056 .070 .000 .011 -------- -------- June 1-1(). ____ ------------ 8,396 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .399 140 .200 .026 .590 .073 .079 .ooo 0 012 -------- -------- June 11-20 __ ------------- 7,851 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .389 132 .161 .023 .574 .058 .079 .ooo .013 -------- -------- June 21-30--------------- 7,884 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .374 .148 183 .Q26 .524 .083 .079 .ooo .010 --------

July 1-10_ --------------- 7,224 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .384 .115 178 .028 •. 524 .069 .079 .000 .008 -------- ____ .. ___ 

July 11-20_ -------------- 7,923 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .319 .115 .148 .031 .443 .079 .079 .ooo .012 -------- ----·--- July 21-31_ ______________ 6, 798 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .384 .115 144 .028 .524 .062 .079 .000 .007 -------- -------- Aug. 1-10 ____________ ---- 8,052 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .324 115 .209 .028 .524 .OM .073 .000 .006 -------- -------- Aug. 11-2Q ____ ----------- 8,084 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ .. ------- ------ .329 123 156 .026 .426 .064 .082 .000 .006 -------- -------- Aug. 21-31__. ____________ 7,665 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .349 .115 .170 .028 .459 .071 .082 .ooo .008 -------- --------

Sept. 1-10_-------------- 9,984 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .280 .115 170 .033 .377 .073 .082 .ooo .006 -------- -------- Sept. 11-20-------------- 7, 771 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .329 .123 .174 .036 .410 .083 .090 .000 .006 -------- -------- Sept. 21-30-------------- 5,089 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .449 .156 .161 .036 .590 .069 .099 0 005 .008 ______ ..,_ -------- Oct. 1-10_--------------- 4,595 ------- -------- -------- --..----- ------ -------- ------ .479 132 174 .031 .606 .058 .102 .000 .009 -------- -------- Oct. 11-20 __ ------------- 4,379 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- .429 123 ,2().4 .020 .623 .069 .090 .ooo .008 -------- -------- Oct. 21-3L- ------------- 7,225 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .339 123 156 .023 .492 .077 .087 .000 .007 -------- --------

Nov. 1-10_-------------- 8, 747 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .280 .115 .152 .044 .377 .081 .087 .ooo .004 -------- -------- Nov. 11-20- __________ c __ 6,102 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .399 .132 .170 .038 .574 .071 ~ 107 .000 .004 -------- -------- Nov. 21--30-- ------------ 6,572 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .369 -.132 .178 .038 0 524 .073 .107 .ooo .003 -------- -------- Dec. 1-1o _____________ --- 6,136 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .399 .140 .191 .038 .590 .062 .099 .000 .005 _. _______ ___ _.. ____ 

Dec. 11-20 ____ ----------- 5,908 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .409 .148 .213 .036 .590 .058 107 .ooo .004 -------- -------- Dec. 21--31__ _____ -------- 6,949 ------- -------- -------- ------- ---·--- ____ .. ___ ------ .379 140 .187 .038 .557 .058 .116 .ooo .006 -------- --------

Jan. 1-10, 1938-~--------· -8,112 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .339 .156 .183 .036 .459 .075 .113 .ooo .004 -------- 0 -

Jan. 11-20_-------------- 8,113 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .349 .140 .187 .033 .492 .069 .110 .ooo .006 -------- -------- Jan. 21--3L -------------- 6,914 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .399 .123 .226 .013 0 574 .056 .113 .000 .008 ----.---- -------- Feb. 1-10 __ -------------- 6,232 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .409 132 .191 .031 0 574 .067 .107 .000 .005 -------- Feb. 11-19 ___ ------------ 5,680 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- .439 .140 .191 .036 .623 .062 .110 .000 .008 -------- ----.---- Feb. 20-28 ________ ------- 5,440 ------- ------ ~- -------- ------- ------ ------ .454 132 .196 .031 .623 .062 .110 .000 .008 -------- -------- ' 

Mar.1-10 _______________ 5,644 ------- ________ --------------- ______ -------- ______ .434 .140 .200 .031 .623 .064 .110 .000 .008 -------- _______ _ 

Mar.1k;,ID-------------- 5,621 ----------------------- --------------------------- .434 .148 .213 .031 .623 .052 .099 .000 .010 ---------------- Mar. 21--3L ------------- 8, 908 ------- -------- _____________________________ ------ . 334 .132 .191 .033 · .475 . 073 . 099 . 000 . 010 -------- --------

Apr. 1-10-------~-------- 8, 685 ------- ------·- -------- ------" ------ -------- ______ . 339 .140 .187 . 041 . M1 . 077 . 087 . 000 . 012 -------- -------- Apr.11-20 _______________ 43,570 _______ ------------------------------------- ______ .160 .090 .130 .046 .246 .092 .070 .000 .005 ---------------- Apr. 21--3Q ____ c __________ 35,240 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ , 235 .107 .139 . 036 . 344 , 079 , 079 , 000 . 004 -------- --------

Av~rage ___________ ====j====j======j==--:359---:1321---:178---:oil~~----:o67---:o901-:ooQI---:'O(i;==== Weighted average_ 10,330 -------------------------------------------------- .310 .115 .165 .033 .443 .069 .082 .000 .001· ----------------

Maximum total dissolved solids 60, Feb. 11-19, Mar. 11-20, 1938; minimum total dissolved solids 44, May 1-10, 1937, Apr. 11-20, 1938. 

Ma.:imum total hardn~ss 31, Oct. 1-10, 1937; m~nimum .total hardness 13, Apr. 11-20, 1938. 

., 

I"_ 
Meau 

dis· Date cbarge 

(second· 

feet) 

May 1-10, 1937 .......... 4,671 

May 11-:~--------------- 2,691 

May 21- L ........•.... 2,298 

June 1-10 ................ 2,070 June 11-20 ............... 2,039 

June 21-30 ............... 1,870 

July 1-10 ................ 1,952 

July 11-20.-------------- 1,369 

July 21-3L .............. 1, 393 Aug. 1-10 ................ 1, 567 Aug. 11-20 .......•••..... 1, 516 Aug. 21-3L ............. 2, 676 

Sept. 1-10 ............... 2,299 

Sept. 11-20 ............•. 1,193 

Sept. 21-30 .......•..•... 943 Oct.1-lO .. : _____________ 1, 819 

Oct.11-20 ...•........... 2,827 

Oct. 21-31. .............. 3, 286 

Nov.l-10 ... ------------- 1,643 

Nov. 11-20 .....•......... 1,472 

Nov. 21-30 .... ----------- 1,539 

Dec. 1-10 ................ 1,484 

Dec. 11-10 ............... 1,409 

Dec. 21-31. .............. 1,862 

Jau. 1-10, 1938 ........... 1, 902 

~~: M:::~::::::::::::::: 1,588 

1, 574 

Feb. 1-10 ...........•.... 1,477 

Feb. 11-19 ............... 1, 319 

Feb. 20-28 ............... 1, 712 

Mar. 1-10 ................ 1, 769 Mar. 11-20 ............... 4, 743 

Mar. 21-31. .............. 2, 995 

Apr. 1-10 ................ 6,838 

Apr. 11-20 ............... 3, 211 

Apr. 21-30 ............... 2,693 --- Average ........... -------- Weighted average. 2,220 

TA"BLE 13.-Analyses of water from the Chattahoochee River near Vinings, Ga., 1937-38 0-) 

[Analyses by William L. Lamar and Arthur T. Ness. Drainage area, 1,450 square miles) ~ 

Oxygen 

Tern· Sus- consumed per a· pended Color Silica 

ture matter Unfll- Fil- (Si02) 

(oF.) tered tered 

--------------- 63 298 5. 3 1.0 8 8.1 

69 48 2.5 2.8 8 10 

74 51 -------- .2 8 10 

····so· 86 4.0 .7 10 11 122 1. 6 .2 7 11 82 446 5.2 .8 18 12 

80 632 10 2.4 12 10 87 70 3.4 1.4 14 13 84 181 3.2 2.0 28 25 81 637 7.4 1.6 8 10 84 537 6. 7 1.2 12 15 80 688 13 1.4 6 8. 7 

81 . 436 6.8 2.8 6 6. 7 

77 72 2.2 1. 2 8 17 71 23 1.8 1.5 10 11 71 141 3.8 1.4 10 9.8 64 430 7.6 1. 2 6 10 57 244 6.0 1.4 8 8.0 

55 22 1.8 .9 6 10 51 19 1.6 1. 2 6 10 45 13 1.4 1.0 8 10 42 12 3.2 1.6 6 13 45 14 4.0 1.8 8 15 48 38 2.2 1.0 8 11 

45 26 1.8 1.0 8 10 45 15 1.2 .6 6 9.9 46 24 2.0 .8 6 11 

52 16 2.0 .6 8 10 57 15 2.4 .6 8 11 

49 75 3. 2 2.0 8 10 

54 107 6.4 1.8 6 9.9 

57 682 15 1.2 6 8.1 

63 218 5.4 1.0 8 10 

58 746 14 1.2 6 7.5 64 118 7.0 2.0 8 12 

68 149 6.4 2.2 6 12 

--------------- ------- 207 4.9 1.3 9 11 

------- 275 6.2 r.3 8 10 

Parts per million ,.... 

Cal- Mag- Sod!· Po- Blear- Iron cium ne- um tas- bonate (Fe) (Ca) sium (Na) sium (HCOa) (Mg) (K) 

--------------- 0.02 2.2 1.1 2.3 0.5 11 

.04 2.5 1.1 3.0 .7 13 

.03 2.3 1.3 3. 3 1.0 14 

.05 2.4 1.1 3. 5 .8 14 

.02 2.4 1.4 3.0 1.2 16 

.03 2.1 1.2 3.9 1.2 16 

.02 2.4 .9 3. 3 .9 13 

.05 2. 7 1. 2 4. 1 1.2 17 

.05 2.8 1.4 6. 2 1.1 25 

.02 2.2 .9 3. 5 1.5 13 

.02 2.4 1.2 4.4 1.0 18 

.02 2.2 .8 3.1 1.2 13 

.03 2.3 .9 3. 5 1.6 14 

.05 2. 7 1.1 4.8 1. 2 19 

.07 2.5 1.6 3.3 1.4 20 

.05 2.4 1.1 3.1 1.3 17 

.01 2.4 1.1 3. 7 1.0 16 

.01 2.2 1.0 2. 9 1.6 13 

.m 2.4 1. 4 2.9 1.3 18 

.06 2.8 1.4 3.3 1.5 18 

.05 2.6 1. 3 3.1 1.2 17 

.04 2.8 1.2 4.2 1.0 20 

.07 2.8 1.4 3.8 1.0 20 

.09 2.4 1.0 2. 9 1.4 15 

.05 2.6 1.2 2.5 1.2 16 

.10 3.0 1.3 2.9 1.1 16 

.06 2.6 1. 2 3.6 .6 18 

.06 2.4 1.0 3.3 1.0 16 

.06 2.6 1. 2 3. 7 1.1 18 

.08 2.6 1.1 3.1 1.4 16 

.04 2.3 1. 2 3.0 1.0 16 

.03 2.0 .9 2. 7 1.0 12 

.03 2.4 1.0 3.0 1.0 15 

.03 2.0 .9 2.3 1.3 12 

.06 2.1 1.2 2. 5 1. 2 14 

.04 2. 2 1.0 2. 7 1.1 14 

--------------- .04 2.4 1.1. 3. 3 1.1 16 

.04 2.4 1.1 3.1 1.1 15 

Ohio- Flu- Sulfate ride oride (SO,) (CI) (F) 

------- 3.0 1.5 0.0 2.5 1.8 .0 3.8 2.0 .0 3.5 1.6 .0 2.8 1.5 .0 3.2 1.8 .0 

4.9 1.8 .0 2.8 2.2 .0 

3.0 2.2 .0 2.8 2.0 .0 2.8 2.0 .0 2.9 1.6 .0 

1.8 1.8 .0 2.4 2.2 .0 2.6 2.2 .o 2.4 .1.9 .0 2.6 2.0 .0 3.0 2.0 .0 

2. 3 1. 9 .0 2.6 2.0 .0 2.4 2.0 .0 2.3 2.0 .0 2.8 2.0 .o 2. 7 1.9 .o 2.1 1. 9 .0 2.1 2.0 .0 

2.1 2.2 .0 2.1 2.0 .0 2.2 2.0 .0 2.5 2.0 .0 

2.4 1.9 .0 

3.0 1.6 .o 3.0 1.8 .0 2.8 1.4 .0 2.6 1. 4 -~ 2.5 2.0 .o ------- 2. 7 1.9 .0 2.8 l.8 .0 

Nl· Total 

trate diR· 

(NO a) solved 

solids 

------ 0.46 29 .20 31 .32 32 .48 34 .42 33 .82 36 

.63 33 .56 37 .12 60 . 66 31 .43 40 .64 28 

.63 30 .32 41 .38 34 . 25 31 .28 32 .33 27 

.08 30 .12 32 .10 32 .18 36 .14 39 .26 31 

.22 29 .25 30 . 25 32 

.28 30 .22 32 .32 32 

.37 32 .96 28 • 74 32 .94 26 .56 31 .50 31 

------ .40 33 .47 32 

Total 

hardness 

as caco, 

10 

11 

11 

11 

12 

10 

9. 7 12 

13 

9.2 

11 

8.8 

9.4 

11 

13 

11 

11 

9.6 

12 

13 

12 

12 

13 

10 

11 

13 

11 

10 

11 

11 

11 

8. 7 10 

8. 7 10 

9.6 

---11 

11 

... 

co 

.... 

.... 

I 

.... 

w 
-.utY.lenfll per mUilon 

May 1-10, 1937 ___________ 4,671 ------- -------- --·----- ------- ------ --·----- ----·- 0.110 0.090 0.100 0.013 0.1.80 0.062 0.042 0.000 0.007 -------- ---·---- May 11-20--------------- 2,691 ------- -------- -------- ------- --·--- ----·--- ------· .125 .090 .130 .018 .213 .052 .051 .000 .003 ................... -------- May 21-3L------------- 2,298 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .115 .107 .144 .026 .230 .079 .056 .000 .005 -------- -------- June 1-1o__ ______________ 2,070 ------- -------- --·----- ------- ------ -------- .120 .090 .152 .020 ,230 .073 .045 .000 .008 -------- .................. 

June 11-20--------------- 2,039 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ ,120 .115 .130 .031. .262 .058 .042 .000 .007 -------- -------- June 21~0--------------- 1,870 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .105 .099 .170 .031 ,262 .067 .051 .000 ,013 -------- .................... 

July 1-10---------------- 1,952 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .120 .074 .144 .023 .213 .102 .051 .000 .010 -------- ................ July 11-20 _______________ 1,369 ------- -------~ -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .135 .099 .178 .031 .279 . 058 .062 .000 .009 -------- -------- July 21'-3}_ ______________ 1,393 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .140 .115 .270 .028 .410 .062 .062 .000 ,002 -------- -------· Aug. 1-10---------------- 1,567 ------- -------- -------- ---.-- ------ -------- ------ .110 .074 .152 .038 .213. • 058 .056 .000 .011 -------- -------- Aug. 11-20 ___ ------------ 1,516 ------- -------- -------- ------- -------- ----- ~ .120 .099 .191 .026 .295 .058 .056 .000 .007 -------- -------- Aug. 21-3L _____________ 2;il76 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ ·------- ............ .110 .066 .135 .031 .213 .060 .045 .000 .010 -------- -------- Sept. 1-10--------------- 2,299 ------- -------- .. .., ............ ------- ------ -------- ------ .115 .074 ,152 .041 .230 .038 .051 .000 .010 -------- _______ .... , 

Sept. 11-20 __ ------------ 1,193 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .135 .090 .209 .031 .311 .060 .062 .000 .005 -------- -------- Sept. 21-30, ______________ 943 ------- -------- ··------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .125 ,132 .144 .036 .328 .054 .062 .000 .006 -------- ---·---- Oct. 1-10---------------- 1,819 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .120 .090 .135 .033 ,279 .050 .054 .000 .004 .,. .............. -------· Oct. 11-20--------------- 2,827 ------- --=------ ------- ------ -------- ------ ,120 .090 .161 .026 .262 .054 .056 .000 .004 -------- -------- Oct. 21-31--------------- 3,286 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .110 .082 .126 .041 .213 .062 .056 .000 ,005 -------- --------

Nov. 1-10---------------- 1,643 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ ,120 .llli .126 .033 .295 .048 .054 .000 .001 -------- -------- Nov. 11-20--------------- 1,472 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .140 ,115 .144 .038 .295 .054 .056 .000 .002 -------- -------- Nov. 21-30-------------- 1,539 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .130 .107 .135 .031 .279 .050 .056 .000 ,002 -------- -------- Dec. 1-10 ____ ------------ 1,484 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ ,140 .099 .183 .026 .328 .048 .056 .000 .003 -------- -------- Dec. 11-20_-------------- 1,409 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .140 .115 .165 .026 .328 .058 .0.16 .000 .002 -------- -------- Dec. 21~L-------------- 1,862 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ ,120 .082 .126 .036 ,246 .056 .054 .000 .004 -------- --------

Jan. 1-10, 1938----------- 1,902 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .130 .099 .109 ,031 .262 .044 .054 .OOQ .004 -------- -------- Jan.ll-20--------------- 1,588 ------- -------- -------- -------- ------ -------- ------ ,160 .107 .126 .028 .262 .044 .056 .000 .004 -------- -------- Jan. 21-3L ______________ 1,574 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .130 .099 .156 .015 .295 .044 .062 .000 .004 -------- ______ _._ 

Feb. 1-10 ________________ 1,477 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .120 .082 .144 .026 .262 .044 .056 .000 .004 -------- -------- Feb. 11-19 __________ ----- 1, 319 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------- -------- .130 .099 .161 .028 .295 .046 .056 .000 .004 -------- -------- Feb. 20-28 _______________ 1, 712 ------- -------- -------- ------ -------- ------ .130 .090 .135 .036 .262 .052 .056 .000 .005 -------- -------- .. 

Mar. 1-10-•-------------- 1, 769 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .115 .099 .130 ,026 .262 .050 .054 .000 .006 -------- -------- Mar. 11-20 _______________ 4, 743 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .100 .;074 .117 .026 .197 .062 .045 .000 .016 -------- ---·---- Mar. 21-31__ _____________ 2,995 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .120 .082 .130 .026 .246 .062 .051 .000 .012 -------- -------- Apr. 1-10 ________________ 6,838 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .100 .074 .100 .033 .197 .058 .040 .000 .015 -------- -------- Apr. 11-20 _______________ 3,211 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ ,105 .099 .109 .031 .230 .054 .040 .000 .009 -------- -------- Apr. 21~-~------------- 2,693 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .110 .0~2 .117 .028 .230 .052 .056 .000 .008 -------- -------- -------------------------------------------~ --- Average ___________ --i,-i~- ------- .. _______ -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .120 .090 .144 .028 .262 .056 .054 .000 .006 -------- Weighted average_ ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ---- .120 .090 .135 .028 .246 .058 .051 .000 .008 -------- --------

Maximum total dissolved solids 60, 1uly 21-31, 1937; minimum total dlBsolved solids 26, Apr. 1-10, 1938. . .. Maximum total hardness 13, 1ul:v 21~1, SeDt. 21~, Nov. 11-20, Dec. 11-20, 1937; Jan. 11-20,1938; minimum total hardness 8.7, Mar. 11-20, Apr. 1-10,.1938. 
Date 

--------

Oct. 1-10, 1940----------- Oct. 11-20 _______________ 

Oct. 21-31. .. ------------- Nov. 1-10 ________________ Nov. 11-20 _______________ Nov. 21-30 _______________ 

Dec. 1-10 ________________ Dec. 11-20. ______________ Dec. 21-31. ______________ Jan.1-10, 1941. __________ Jan. 11-20. _______________ Jan. 21-31_ ______________ 

Feb. 1-10 ________________ Feb. n-m _______________ Feb. 20-28 _______________ Mar. 1-10 ________________ Mar. 11-20 ___ c ___________ Mar. 21-31. ______________ 

Apr. 1-10---------------- Apr. 11-20 _______________ Apr. 21-30 _______________ May 1-10 ________________ May 11-20 _______________ 

May 21-31..------------- June 1-10 ________________ June 11-20. ______________ 

June 21-30--------------- July 1-1o ________________ 

July 11-20--------------- July 21-31: ______________ 

Aqg. 1-10 ________________ Aug. 11-20 _______________ 

Aug. 21-31__ _____________ Sept.1-10 _______________ Sept. 11-20 ______________ Sept. 21-30 _______________ 

Average ____________ 

Weighted average __ 

TABLE 14.-Analyses of water from the Chattahoochee River at Columbus, Ga., 191,.0-41 

(Analyses by William L. Lamar and Charles G. Seegmiller. Drainage area, 4,670 square miles] 

Parts per million 

Mean Oxygen 

dis- Tern- Sus· consumed Cal- Mag- Sodi· Po· Bicar- Chlo- Flu· 

charge per a- pended Color Silica Iron cium ne· urn tas- honate Sulfate ride oride 

(second· ture matter Unfil- Fil· (Si02) (Fe) (Ca) sium (Na) sium (HCOs) (SO,) (Cl) (F) 

feet) (oF.) tered tered (Mg) (K) 

-----------------------·---------------

1, 730 70 18 2. 7 2.2 12 10 0.03 3. 9 1.5 5. 2 1.6 21 5.4 3.4 0.1 

1, 536 68 13 2.9 2.5 11 12 .08 4.2 1.4 5. 9 1.3 22 5.1 3. 8 .1 

1, 531 67 10 2.0 1.8 8 11 .05 4.2 1.5 6.2 1.5 22 6.8 4.0 .1 

1, 753 64 8 1.7 1.6 13 10 .08 4.4 1.5 6.6 1.5 23 6.0 4.2 .1 

2, 715 57 18 2.2 1.6 17 10 .10 4.2 1.6 6.4 1.8 23 6.2 4.6 .1 

2, 750 55 16 2.0 1.7 18 11 .16 4.0 1.5 6.2 1.5 22 6.1 4.4 .1 

2,948 51 18 2.0 1.4 14 12 .14 3. 9 1.5 5.9 1.5 23 4. 5 4. 5 .1 

4,444 51 20 -------- 1.6 6 11 .11 4.3 1.5 6.0 1.5 21 5. 5 4.1 .1 

5,430 52 46 2.4 1.5 7 12 .13 4.0 1.4 5.2 1.3 19 4.8 3. 9 .1 6,311 51 76 2. 7 1.5 7 9.9 .05 3.8 1.2 4.2 1.3 17 4. 7 3.2 .1 5,971 47 41 1.9 1.2 6 12 .05 3. 7 1.2 4.5 1.2 16 5.6 3.1 .1 

4,475 48 22 2.2 1.4 8 11 .06 3. 9 1.4 4. 7 .9 19 4.4 3.4 .1 

3, 606 48 14 1.3 .8 2 13 .01 3.8 1.2 5. 0 1.5 20 4.1 3. 5 .1 

4,234 46 18 1.4 1.1 2 12 .02 4.1 1.4 5.1 1.3 21 3. 5 3. 5 .1 

4, 247 47 22 1.6 1.0 2 11 .01 3.0 1.3 4.9 1.3 20 4.0 3.4 .1 

4, 575 47 30 1.9 .8 5 11 .02 3.2 1.4 4.9 1.5 19 3.8 3. 5 .1 

6,893 50 41 2.2 1.2 20 10 .05 3.4 1.2 4. 2 1.4 17 4.1 3.1 .1 

6,512 52 28 .4.4 2. 5 14 1"2 .05 3.6 1.4 4.5 1.4 20 4. 0 2.8 .1 

5,968 57 32 6.0 2.4 14 12 .05 4.4 1.3 4.4 1.6 22 4.3 2.8 .1 

5, 043 62 29 5.6 2.2 11 12 .04 3. 5 1.3 4.5 1.0 19 4.0 2. 8 .1 

3,680 66 24 5.2 2.4 "7 12 .02 4. 2 1.4 4.6 1.4 21 4.4 3.0 .1 

3, 537 68 35 1.8 1.8 6 12 .02 4.1 1.6 5.2 1.6 24 4.3 3. 2 .1 

2, 732 70 13 3. 9 L9 6 12 .03 4.6 1.4 5. 5 1.5 25 4. 3 3. 5 .2 2,125 76 7 2. 2 2.0 5 12 ;02 4.9 1.4 5. 6 1.5 26 3. 7 3.6 .2 

1, 421 78 6 3.2 3.l 5 12 .03 4. 2 1. 5 6.2 1.6 26 4. 3 3. 9 .1 

1,403 80 7 1.4 1.2 5 12 . 01 4. 2 1.4 7.1 1.7 28 4.9 4.2 .1 

1, 329 79 14 1.7 1.2 5 12 .02 4.2 1. 5 7. 0 1.8 27 4. 7 4. 5 .1 

3, 908 80 81 3.2 2.1 2 10 .02 5. 2 1.4 6.6 2.2 24 6.1 4. 4 .2 

7,006 80 223 5.4 2.2 13 8.8 .01 3.2 1.1 4.1 1. 8 15 4.1 2.8 .2 

4, 917 80 168 5.2 2.2 6 8.5 .02 3.0 .9 3. 9 1.6 14 4.1 2. 5 . 2 

2,782 81 113 4.3 2.9 14 9.1 .03 2.9 1.0 4.1 1.5 14 4. 4 2.6 .2 

6, 458 80 109 4.3 2.4 10 9.4 .04 3.0 1.0 4.4 1.4 16 3.8 2.6 . 2 2,958 81 89 4.2 2.9 14 8.8 .02 3.2 1.2 3. 6 1.4 16 4. 2 2.4 .2 2,466 82 63 4.0 2.8 6 9.5 .02 4.0 1.2 4.2 1.6 18 5.0 2.8 . 2 

2, 098 79 M 3.6 2.8 7 10 .07 3. 6 1. 3 4. 5 1.7 19 4. 2 3.2 .2 1, 739 76 31 3. 6 2.2 7 10 .04 3. 7 1.4 5.1 1.8 21 4.9 3.4 .2 

====--43-~ ---------:o5 --a:gl--1-. 3- '""5.2 1:5 ---21--u -a:5 --.1- 1.9 9 11 

3, 704 ------- 54 3.3 1.9 9 11 . 05 3. 8 1. 3 4. 9 1. 5 20 4. 5 3. 3 .1 

Total Ni· Total hard- trate dis- ness (NO,! solved as solids caco, 

-----

1.0 44 16 .99 47 16 .98 47 17 1.2 49 17 1.2 50 17 1.1 50 16 

1.2 50 16 1.1 48 17 .89 45 16 . 91 40 14 .85 37 14 .49 43 15 

1.4 42 14 1.4 44 16 1.4 42 13 1.4 42 14 1.1 40 13 1.2 45 15 

.92 46 16 1.1 42 14 .98 44 16 1.1 45 17 . 87 46 17 .61 45 18 

. 70 47 17 . 81 50 16 1.5 52 17 1.6 53 19 2.3 38 13 1..6 35 11 

1.2 37 11 1.3 37 12 .69 37 13 .90 41 15 . 76 42 14 . 98 44 15 

1.1 44 --1-5 

1.2 43 15 
I 

Equiftlents per million' 

Oct. 1-10, 1940 ___________ 1, 730 ------- -------- -------- . . ------ -------- ------ 0.195 0.123 0.226 0.041 0.344 0.112 0.096 0.005 0.016 

========I======== 

Oct. 11-20_ -------------- 1,536 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .210 .115 .257 .033 .361 .106 .107 .005 .016 

Oct. 21-3L_ ------------ 1,531 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- • 210 .123 .270 .038 .361 .142 113 .005 .016 --------'-------- Nov. 1-10_-------------- 1, 753 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .220 .123 .287 .038 .377 125 :us .005 .019 -------- -------- Nov. 11-20 ______ --------- 2, 715 ------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .210 .132 .278 .046 .377 .129 .130 .005 .019 -------- -------- Nov. 21-30 _______ -------- 2,750 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .200 .123 .270 .038 .361 127 .124 .005 .018 -------- --------

Dec. 1-10 _____ ------------ 2,948 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .195 .123 .257 .038 .377 .094 .127 .005 .019 -------- --------- Dec. 11-20 .. ------------- 4,444 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .215 .123 .261 .038 .344 114 .116 .005 .018 -------- -------- Dec. 21-3L ______________ 5,430 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ ------ .200 .115 .226- .033 .311 .100 .110 .005 .014 -------- -------- Jan. 1-10, 194L __________ 6,311 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .190 .099 .183 .033 .279 .098 .090 .005 .015 -------- -------- Jan. 11-20_ -------------- 5,971 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .185 .099 .196 .031 .262 .117 .087 .005 .014 -------- -------- Jan. 21-31_ -------------- 4,475 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .195 .115 .204 .023 .311 .092 .096 .005 .008 -------- --------

Feb. 1-10 __ , ____ --------- 3,606 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .190 .099 • 217 .038 .328 .085 .099 .005 .023 -------- ----·--- Feb. 11-19 ______ --------- 4,234 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .205 115 .222 .033 .344 .073 .099 .005 .023 -------- -------- Feb. 20-28 ___ ------------ 4,247 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .150 .107 .213 .033 .328 .083 .096 .005 .023 -------- -------- Mar. 1-10 ________ -------- 4,575 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .160 .115 .213 .038 .311 .079 .099 .005 .023 -------- -------- Mar. 11-20 _________ ------ 6,893 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .170 .099 .183 .036 .279 .085 .087'- .005 .018 -------- -------- Mar. 21-3L ______________ 6,512 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .180 .115 .196 .036 .328 .083 .079 .005 .019 -------- -------- Apr. 1-10_ --------------- 5,968 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .220 .107 .191 .041 .361 .090 .079 .005 .015 -------- -------- Apr. 11-20 __ ------------- 5,043 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ _,. ______ ------ .175 .107 .196 .026 .311 .083 .079 .005 .018 -------- -------- Apr. 21-30--------------- 3,680 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .210 .115 .200 .036 .344 .092 .085 .005 .016 -------- -------- May 1-10 ________________ 3, 537 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .205 .132 .226 .041 .393 .090 .090 .005 .018 -------- -------- May 11-20 ____ ----------- 2, 732 ------- -----,.--- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .230 .115 .239 .038 .410 .090 .099 .010 .014 -------- -------- May 21-3L------------- 2,125 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .245 .115 .244 .038 .426 .077 .102 .010 .010 -------- --------

June1-1Q ________________ 1,421 _______ ________ ________ _______ ______ ________ ______ .210 .123 .270 .041 .426 .090 .no .005 .on ---------------- June11-20--------------~ 1,403 -------------------------------------------------- .210 .115 .309 .044 .459 .102 .118 .005 .013 -------- -------" June21-30 _______ _,. _______ 1,329 _______ ----------------------- ______ ________ ______ .210 .123 .304 .046 .443 .098 ,127 .005 .024 ----------------

July1-l0 ________________ 3,908 -------------------------------------------------- .260 .115 .287 .056 :393 .127 .124 .010 .0'26 -------- ·------- July 11-20 _______________ 7,006 ------- -----·-- -------- ·------ ------ ------·- ------ .160 .090 .178 .046 .246 .085 .079 .010 .037 ---------------- July21-3l_ ______________ 4,917 _______________ -------- _____________ -------- ______ .150 .074 .170 .041 .230 .085 .070 .010 .026 ----------------

Aug.1-10 ________________ 2,782 _______ ---------------- _____________ -------- ______ .145 .082 .178 .038 .230 .092 .073 .010 .019 ---------------- Aug.11-20_______________ 6,458 _______ -------- _______________ ---"-- -------- ______ .150 .082 .191 .036 .262 .079 .073 .010 .021 ----------------

Aug. 21-3L-------------- . 2,958 -------------------------------------------------- .160 .099 .156 .036 .262 .087 .068 .010 .011 ---------------- Sept.1-10_______________ 2,466 ----------------------- _____________ -------------- .200 .099 .183 .041 .295 .104 .079 .010 .014 ---------------- Sept.ll-20______________ 2,098 ____________________________________ -------- ______ .180 .107 .196 .044 .311 .087 .090. .010 .012 ----------------

Sept. 21-30______________ 1,739 _______ ---------------- _______ ------ ________ ______ .185 .115 .222 .046 .344 .102 .096 .010 .016 ----------------

Average ___________ ====== ========~·~-:w~~----:344'~~~~----:0oS. ~== -~------ Weighted average_ 3, 704 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .190 .107 . 213 . 038 . 328 • 094 • 093 . 005 • 019 -------- -------- . -

MI\Ximum totahllssolved solids 53, July 1-10, 1941; minimum total dissolved solids 35, July 21-31, 194i. 

Maximum total hardness 19, July 1-10, 1941; nllnimum total hardness 11, July 21-31, Aug. 1-10, 1941. 
Mean 

dis- Date charge 

(secondfeet) 

Oct. 1-10, 1940 .. --------- 2, 705 

Oct.11-20--------------- 2,534 

Oct. 21-31.-------------- 2,390 

Nov.1-10--------------- 2, 741 

Nov. 11-20--------------- 5,035 

Nov. 21-30 ..••.. --------- 4, 313 

Dec.1-10 ________________ 4,597 Dec.11-20 _______________ 6,656 Dec. 21-31. ______________ 9,182 

Jan. 1-10, 194L------"--- 9, 730 Jan.n-20 _______________ 8,999 Jan. 21-3L ______________ 6,438 

Feb. 1-10---------------- 6,468 Feb.1i-19 _______________ 7,367 Feb. 20-28 _______________ 6,836 Mar.1-10. ______________ 9,007 

Mar. 11-20-------------- 10,120 Mar. 21-31. _____________ 10,490 

Apr. 1-10---------------- 8,932 

Apr. 11-20--------------- 7,885 Apr. 21-30 _______________ 5,380 Mayl-10 ________________ 5,021 May 11-20 _______________ 3,956 May 21-3L _____________ 2,922 

June 1-10---------------- 2,192 

June 11-20----~---------- 2,524 June 21-30 _______________ 2, 768 

~~n~~k::============ 5, 678 

9,171 July 21-31. ______________ 7,036 

Aug. i-10'--------------- 3, 746 Aug. 11-20 _______________ 7,577 Aug. 21-3!__ _____________ 5,164· Sept.1-10 _______________ 3,290 Sept.11-20 ______________ 3,075 Sept. 21-30 ______________ 3,174 

--- Average ___________ -------- Weighted average_ 5, 700 

TABLE 15,-Analyses of water from the Chattahoochee River near Hilton, Ga., 1940-411 

[Analyses by William L. Lamar and Charles G. Seegmiller. Drainage area, 8,001 square miles) 

Parts per million 

Oxygen Tern- Sus- consumed OBI- Mag- Sodl- Po- Blear- Ohioper a- perided Color Silica Iron cium ne- um tas- bonate Sulfate ride ture (SiOz) (Fe) sium slum (SO.) 

(•F.) matter Unfll- Fil- (Ca) ·(Mg) (Na) (K) (HCOa) (Cl) 

tered tered 

-----------------------~ 

---------- ------- 33 2.4 2.0 7 11 0.03 6.6 1.4 5.3 1.3 25 6. 7 4.0 

------- 23 2.8 2.0 7 9. 7 . 05 6.8 1.4 5.5 1.3 26 6.6 4.6 

------- 19 2.5 1.6 5 9.5 :02 6.6 1.3 5.8 1.4 27 6. 6 4.8 

63 21 2.3 1.4 6 10 .05 6.5 1.6 6.0 1. 6 29 6.1 5.0 

55 0 70 3.4 1.8 13 9.8 .10 5.8 1.4 4.8 1.6 23 6.1 4.5 

60 47 2.8 1. 6 7 11 .02 5.8 1.4 5.1 1.6 24 6.7 4.8 

51 32 2.8 1.8 6 9.5 .02 5.4 1.4 4.8 1.4 22 6. 7 4.2 

54 46 3.1 1.7 7 11~ .02. 5.0 1.4 4. 7 1.4 21 5.5 4.5 

53 85 10 8.2 8 9. 7 .03 5.0 1.3 4.8 1.2 20 5.1 4.5 

49 98 3.4 1. 7 6 9.9 .03 4.6 1. 2 4.1 1.2 17 5.4 3.8 

47 62 2.9 1.5 5 11 .04 4.4 1. 2 4.0 1.1 18 5.3 3.6 

47 52 2.0 1.1 4 10 .03 5.3 1.6 4.2 1.3 21 5.6 3.6 

46 70 2.6 1.1 2 8.7 .02 4.6 1.5 4.2 1.2 20 4.6 4.0 

46 66 3.6 1.4 6 8.3 .05 4.8 1.2 4.4 1.2 20 5.4 3.8 

46 53 2,5 1.1 6 11 .07 5.2 1.1 4.7 1.1 20 5.1 4.1 

50 98 3.6 1.6 14 8.4 .08 4. 7 1.1 4.2 1.2 19 5.9 3.9 

51 69 6.0 2.3 11 10 .01 4.5 1.3 3.9 1.2 18 4.9 3.5 

55 -48 5.6 2.4 8 11 .01 5.2 1.4 4.1 1.2 21 4.4 3.4 

60 53 5.7 2.4 7 11 .01 5.2 1.3 4.1 1.3 21 4.7 3.2 

66 64 5.3 2.4 6 11 .. 01 5.0 1.·3 4.0 1.3 21 4.3 3.4 

68 59 -------- ------- 7 12 . 01 5.6 1.3 4.1 1. 2 22 4.2 3.5 

71 66 2.0 1.9 5 11 .01· 5.6 1. 4 4. 5 1.6 25 4.0 3.9 

71 46 1.8 1.2 3 11 .01 6.0 1.5 5.2 1.7 27 5.6 4.2 

79 29 2.1 1.7 5 10 .02 6. 7 1. 5 5. 7 1.8 30 4. 7 4.8 

80 24 2.4 2.0 5 12 .01 7. 7 1.5 6.5 2.0 34 4.8 5.0 

80 43 2.2 1.5 6 11 . 01 8.1 1.5 6.3 1.8 34 5.9 5.0 . 

80 45 2.3 1. 6 4 10 .02 6.6 1. 5 5.6 1.6 29 5.1 5.0 

80 179 6.6 2.4 7 10 .03 6.6 1.3 5.2 1.5 24 6.6 4.2 

82 '249 6.1 2.2 8 9.1 .63 4.5 L1 4.6 1.5 16 5.5 3.6 

82 183 5.5 2.0 3 8.9 .05 4.6 1.0 3.8 1.5 17 4.8 3.2 

83 124 4.4 2.1 4 9.5 .03 5.4 .1.1 4. 7 1.5 21 4.6 3.8 

82 150 5.2 2.8 9 9.5 .01 4.7 1.0 4.2 1.4 18 5.0 3.4 

82 143 4. 7 2.4 5 9.0 .01 5.0 1.3 3.5 1.4 19 4. 7 3.2 

82 86 3.6 2.6 8 9.6 .03 5.6 1.3 4.3 1.5 22 5.1 3.8 

78 88 3. 5 3.4 11 10 .02 6.1 1.5 5.0 1.5 24 5.8 4.2 

76 90 4.2 2.5 5 9.3 .01 6.0 1.3 5.1 1.6 23 6.5 4.9 

----------------------------------- ------- 75 3.8 2.1 7 10 .03 5.6 1.3 4.8 1. 4 23 5.4 4.1 

------- 84 4.2 2.2 7 10 .03 5.3 1.3 4.5 1.4 21 5.3 3.9 

Flu- Nloride trate (F) (NOs) 

-----

0.1 0.94 

.1 .87 

.0 1.0 

.0 .98 

.1 .96 

.1 .83 

.1 .76 .1 1.0 

.1 .05 

.1 .93 

.1 .89 

.o 1.1 

.o 1.1 

.o .94 

.0 .83 

.1 .49 

.o .91 

.1 .94 

.1 .86 

.1 1.0 .o .94 

.1 .93 

.1 . 75 

.1 .61 

.2 .54 

.1 .60 

.1 1.1 

.2 1.7 

.2 2.2 

.1 1. 7 

.2 1. 7 .2 1.4 

.2 1.1 

.2 .92 

.2 .88 

.2 1.1 

----- .1 .99 

.1 1.0 

Total 

dissolved 

solids 

---

51 

51 

53 

54 

50 

50 

48 

48 

45 

40 

41 

44 

43 

42 

44 

41 

43 

44 

44 

46 

46 

44 

47 

50 

59 

61 

56 

52 

43 

40 

45 

42 

42 

45 

49 

50 ---47 

45 

Total 

hardness 

as CaCOa 

2 2 

23 

2 

23 

2 

l! 0 

20 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

9 

8 

8 

6 

6 

20 

1 8 

17 

18 

16 

17 

19 

18 

18 

19 

20 

21 

23 

25 

26 

23 

22 

16 

16 

18 

Ul 

18 

19 

21 

20 ---19 

19 

\ 

~ 

01 

00 

i 

tl:l 

~ ~ 

~ 

P:l 

~ 

~ 

~ ~ 

i 

~ m 

I 

!fJ 

... 

<C 

.... 

... 

I 

.... 

w ~.-. 
Equivalents per mUHon 

Oct. 1-10, 1940 .•...•.•... 2,705 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 0.329 0.115 0.230 0.033 0.410 0.140 0.113 0.005 0.015 -------- -------- Oct. 11-20.-------------- 2,534 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- -----·- .339 .115 .239 .033 .426 .137 .130 .005 .014 -------- -------- Oct. 21-31.-------------- 2,390 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .329 .107 .252 .036 .443 .137 .135 .000 .016 -------- -------- Nov. 1-10 ...• ----------- 2, 741 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .324 .132 .261 .041 .475 .127 .141 .000 .016 -------- -------- Nov. 11-20 .••.• ---------- 5,035 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .290 .115 .209 .041 .377 .127 .127 .005 .016 -------- -------- Nov. 21-30 ....• ---------- 4,313 ------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .290 .115 .222 .041 .393 .140 .135, .005 .013 -------- -------- Dec. 1-10.--------------- 4,597 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .270 .115 .209 .036 .361 .140 .118 .005 .012 -------- _______ .., 

Dec. 11-20 ____________ --- 6,656 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .250 .115 .204 .036 .344 .114 .127 .005 .016 -------- Dec. 21-31.-------------- 9,182 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .250 .107 .209 .031 .328 .106 .127 .005 .001 -------- -------- Jan. 

~!:~:-~~=======~=== 9, 730 ------- -------- -------.- ------- ------ -------- ------ .230 .099 .178 .031 .279 .112 .107 .005 .015 -------- -------- Jan. 8,999 -------- -------- ------- -------- ------ .220 .099 .174 .028 .295 .110 .102 .005 .014 .. _______ ----·--- Jan. 21-31.-------------- 6,438 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .264 .132 .183 .033 .344 .117 .102 .000 .018 -------- --------

Feb. 1-10 ...•..... ------- 6,468 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .230 .123 .183 .031 .328 .096 .113 .000 .018 -------- -------- Feb. 11-19.-------------- 7,367 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .240 .099 .191 .031 .328 .112 .107 .000 .015 -------- -------- Feb. 20-28.-------------- 6,836 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .260 .090 .204 .028 .328 .106 .116 .000 .013 -------- _______ .. 

Mar. 1-10 ______ ---------- 9,007 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .235 .090 .183 .031 .311 .123 .110 .005 .008 -------- -------- Mar. 11-20 __________ ----- 10,120 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .225 .107 .170 .031 .295 .102 .099 .000 .015 -------- Mar. 21-31.------------- 10,490 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .260 .115 .178 .031 .344 .092 .096 .005 .015 -------- -------- Apr. 1-10 .... ------------ 8,932 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .260 .107 .178 .033 .344 .098 .090 .005 .014 -------- -------- Apr. 11-20 ____________ --- 7,885 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .250 .107 .174 .033 .344 .090 .096 .005 .016 -------- -------- Apr. 21-30 ...•. ---------- 5,380 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .280 .107 .178 .03.1 .361 .087 .099 .000 .015 -------- --------

~:~ ~!:&>~============== 5,021 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .280 .115 .196 .041 .410 .083 .110 .005 .015 -------- ____ .;. ___ 

3,956 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .300 .123 .226 .044 .443 .117 .118 .005 .012 -------- -------- May 21-31.. ••• ---------- 2,922 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .33~ .123 .248 .046 .492 .098 .135 .005 .010 -------- -------- 1 

June 1-10 .. -------------- 2,192 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .384 .123 .283 .051 .557 .100 .141 .010 .009 -------- -------- June 11-20--------------- 2,524 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .404 .123 .274 .046 .557 .123 .141 .005 .010 -------- -------- June 21-30 ....••. -------- 2, 71)8 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .329 .123 .244 .041 .475 .106 .141 .005 .018 -------- -------- July 1-10.--------------- 5,678 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- .329 .107 • 2"26 .038 .393 .137 .118 .010 .027 -------- -------- July ll-20 _______________ 9,171 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .225 .090 .200 .038 .262 .114 .102 .010 ,036 -------- -------- July 21-31. ______________ 7,036 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .230 ~082 .165 .038 .279 .100 .090 .005 .027 -------- --------

Aug. 1-10 ___________ ----- 3, 746 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .270 .090 .204 .038 .344 .096 .107 .010 .027 -------- _______ ... 

Aug. 11-20 ... ------------ 7,577 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .235 .082 .183 .036 .295 .104 .096 .010 .023 -------- -------- Aug. 21-31__ _____________ 5,164 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .250 .107 .152 .036 .311 .098 .090 .010 .018 -------- -------- Sept. 1-10 .. ------------- 3,.290 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .280 .107 .187 .038 . 361 .106 .107 .010 .015 -------- -------- Sept. 11-20.------------- 3,075 ------- -------- _.,. ______ ------- ------ -------- --~--- .304 .123 ·.217 .038 .393 .121 .118 .010 .014 -------- -------- Sept. 21-30 .•.•• ---------- 3,174 ------- -------- -------- ____ .. __ ------ -------- ------ .300 .107 .222 .041 .377 .135 .138 .010 .018 -------- -------- ---------------------------------------------------- Average ___________ -------- _______ -------------------------------------______ .280 

Weighted average. 5, 700 ------- .. : ..... -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 265 

.107 .209 .036 . 107 • 196 . 036 

.377 

.344 .112 .116 .005 • 110 . 110 .• 005 

1 Samples collected at the gaging station referred to In reports on surface water supply of the United States as Chattahoochee River at Columbia, Ala. 

Maximum total dissolved solids 61, June 11-:20, 1941; minimum total dissolved solids 40, Jan. 1-10, July 21-31, 1941. 

Maximum total hardness 26, June 11-20, 1941; minimum total hardness 16, Jan. 1-10, 11-20, Mar. 1-10, July 11-20, 21-31, Aug. 11-20, 1941. 

. 016 -------- -------- .016 -------- --------

, -
Date 

Oct, 1-10, 1938 ___________ 

Oct. 11-20--------------- Oct. 21-31. ______________ 

Nov. 1-10--------------- Nov. 11-20.------------- Nov. 21-30 ______________ 

Dee. 1-10 ___________ ~----

Dec .. 11-20. ______________ Dec. 21-31. ______________ Jan . .1-10, 1939. __________ 

Jan. 11-20--------------- Jan. 21-31. ______________ 

Feb. 1-10 ________________ Feb. 11-19 _______________ Feb. 20-28 _______________ 

Mar. 1-10--------------- Mar. 11-20.------------- Mar. 21-31..------------

Apr. 1-10 ________________ 

Apr. 11-20 _______________ Apr. 21-30 _______________ M;ay 1-IO: _______________ May 11-20 _______________ M;ay 21-31.. _____________ 

June 1-lo ____________ ~---

June 1H!O _______________ June 21-30 _______________ 

July 1-10 .. c.~----------- July 11-20 ..... c ••••••••• July 21-3L ______________ 

Aug. 1-10 ________________ Aug. 11-20 _______________ Aug. 21-31._ _____________ 

Sept. 1-10--------------- Sept. 11-20 ______________ 

Sep~. 21-30--------------

Average ___________ 

Weighted average. 

TABLE 16.-Analyses of water from the Etowah River near Cartersville, Ga., 1998-99 

[Analyses bl'j WilliBJD L. Lamar, Arthur T. Ness, F. H. Davis, and N. A. Talvitle. Drainage area, 1,110 square mlles] 

Parts per mlllion 

Mean Oxygen 

dis- Tem- sus- consumed Cal- Mag- Sodi- Po- Blear- Chlo- Flucharge pera- pended Color Silica Iron cium ne- urn tas- bonate Sulfate ride oride ture (S!O,) (Fe) slum slum (SO<) (second- (• F.) matter Unfil- Fil- (Ca) (Mg) (Na) (K) (HCOa) (CI) (F) 

feet) tered tered 

------------------------------------- 456 63 61 2.0 1.6 4 13 0.03 4.4 1.6 . 3.5 1.1 26 3.3 1.8 0.0 

399 63 40 1.6 1.6 6 11 .04 4.4 1.5 2.8 1.0 24 2.6 1.6 .0 

404 56 126 2.6 1.6 8 11 .05 4.4 1. 7 2.9 1.2 26 3. 7 1.8 .0 

605 58 52 3.0 2.3 10 11 .05 4.4 1.5 2.6 1.5 24 3.1 1.9 .0 

905 56 102' 4.2 2.4 12 10 .12 4. 7 1.5 2.8 1.4 25 2.9 1.8 .0 

746 46 34 4.4 2.2 10 13 .04 4.2 1.4 3.0 1.2 25 2.8 1.9 .o 

588 44 25 1.7 1.0 4 10 .04 4.6 1.7 3.1 1.1 24 3.4 1.8 .o 

541 43 16 1.4 1.2 6 11 .06 4.4 1.7 3.1 1.1 25 2.6 1.5 .0 

827 42 82 3.1 1.4 6 12 .04 4.6 1.7 2.9 1.2 24 3.3 1.6 .0 

1,028 44 246 4.9 1.4 5 12 .01 4.4 1. 7 3.1 1.2 24 2.8 1. 5 .0 

1,807 44 166 4.5 1.6 8 12 .01 3.8 . 1.3 2.9 1.0 20 3. 7 1.5 .0 

1, 609 42 366 4.3 1.2 6 11 .01 4.6 1.3 2.9 1.0 24 4.0 1.4 .0 

3,246 47 116 8.1 1.3 5 8.0 .01 3.0 1.0 1.8 1.0 15 3.1 1.4 .o 

3,071 51 357 6.2 1.1 5 8.2 .02 3.3 1.0 1.8 .9 15 3. 3 1.2 .o 

3,033 47 337 6.0 1.2 7 8.6 .02 3. 9 1.1 1.7 .9 16 3.5 1.2 .0 

3,849 51 347 6.4 ------- 6 8.5 .01 2. 7 .9 1. 7 1.0 13 2.8 1.0 .0 

2, 555 52 201 5.1 1.5 5 10 .02 3.2 1.0 .2.4 .8 16 2.1 1.1 .0 

1, 928 57 119 4.2 1.6 5 11 .03 3.4 1.1 2.3 .9 - 18 2.1 1.1 .0 

1,964 55 122 4.3 1.5 5 10 .02 3.3 1.0 2.2 .9 17 1.9 1.0 .0 

1, 794 60 254 5.5 1.5 5 10 .01 3.2 1.0 2.4 .9 17 2.1 1.1 .0 

2,109 62 349 5.4 1.1 6 13 .02 '4.0 1.2 2.9 .9 20 3.4 1.4 .0 

1, 619 62 149 3.5 .8 5 10 .03 3.4 1.1 2.6 .8 19 2.2 1.4 .0 

1, 462 64 74 2.1 1.3 3 11 .02 3. 7 1.1 2.R .9 19 3. 7 1.6 .o 

1,888 71 414 6.4 1.0 3 10 .02 4.5 1.2 2. 7 1.1 22 3. 5 1.6 .0 

1, 559 74 322 5.6 1.5 3 10 .01 4.2 1.2 2.8 .9 21 4.6 1.6 .0 

1,496 75 292 5.4 1.0 5 11 .03 3:9 1.2 3.1 .8 21 3.0 1.8 .0 

1,011 77 94 2.2 .8 3 11 .02 4.0 1.2 3. 3 .9 22 2. 7 1.6 .0 

1,014 76 156 3.4 1.0 4 11 .02 4.2 1.2 2.8 .9 20 2.4 1.9 .0 

755 76 156 3.4 1.0 3 10 .01 3 .. 8 1.3 2.9 .9 22 2.3 1.8 .0 

834 77 229 4.3 1.4 3 9.3 .01 4.2 1. 2 3.0 1.1 23 4.0 1.2 .0 

694 76 205 4.6 1.8 9 12 .01 4.6 1.4 3.4 1.1 25 4.0 1.5 .0 

1, 548 76 415 7. 5 1.6 8 10 .02 4.1 1.3 3.4 1.2 23 4. 5 1.2 .0 

888 73 104 4.0 1.6. 5 11 .02 4.0 1.3 3.3 1.0 24 3. 5 1.4 .0 

846 74 202 4. 7 1.6 7 9. 7 .02 3.8 1.3 3.0 1.1 22 3.6 1.4 .0 

554 75 48 2.8 1.6 3 11 .02 5.2 1.6 2. 7 1.1 28 3.3 1.2 .0 

829 70 90 3.4 1.6 3 10 .05 5.0 1.4 2. 7 1.2 26 3. 7 1.4 .0 

-----·-~ -------------------------------- -------· ------- ' 180 4.2 1.4 6 11 .03 4.0 1.3 2.8 1.0 22 3.2 1. 5 .0 

1, 389 ------- 222 5.0 1.4 5 10 .02 3.8 1.2 2.5 1.0 20 3.1 1.4 .o 

Total 

Ni- Total hard- trate dissolved ness (NO a) solids as CaCOs 

--------- 0.05 41 18 .0 37 17 .06 37 18 .10 38 17 .10 38 18 .08 40 16 . 

.18 40 18 .06 40 18 .20 41 18 .25 40 18 .25 38 15 .19 37 17 

.38 28 12 .33 27 12 .20 29 14 .42 27 10 .25 30 12 .20 32 13 

.20 30 12 .30 30 12 .16 40 15 .16 32 13 .13 33 14 .32 36 16 

.20 36 15 .30 36 15 .26 37 15 .23 36 15 .26 36 15 .28 36 15 

.20 40 17 .36 37 16 .19 36 lli .15 35 15 .21 40 ~ .18 38 18 

~,--36- ---15 .24 34 14 - -'::.,'" 
Equivalents per million 

Oct. 1-10, 1938 ___________ 456 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 0.220 0.132 0.152 0.028 0.426 0.069 0.051 0.000 0.001 -------- -------- oct. 11-20_-------------- 399 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 220 123 122 .026 .393 .054 .045 .000 .000 -------- -------- Oct. 21-3L ___________ --- 404 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .220 140 126 .031 .426 .077 . 051 .000 .001 -------- -------- Nov. 1-10 ______ ---------- 605 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 220 .123 .113 .038 . 393 .064 .054 .000 .002 -------- -------- Nov. 11-20 _____ ---------- 905 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .235 .123 122 .036 . 410 .06o .051 .000 .002 -------- -------- Nov. 21-30 _____ ---------- 746 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .210 115 130 . 031 .410 .058 .054 .000 .001 -------- --------

Dec. 1-10 __ -------------- 588 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 230 .140 135 .028 . 393 .071 .051 .000 .003 -------- -------- Dec. 11-20_--------:----- 541 -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 220 140 135 .028 . 410 . 054 .042 .000 .001 -------- -------- Dec. 21-3L ______________ 827 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 230 .140 126 . 031 . 393 .069 .045 .000 .003 -------- -------- Jan. 1-10, 1939 ___________ 1,028 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .220 .140 .135 .031 .393 .058 .042 .000 .. 004 -------- -------- Jan. 11-20_ -------------- 1, 807 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 190 107 .126 .026 .328 .077 .042 .000 .004 -------- -------- Jan. 21-3L- _ ------------ 1, 609 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 230 .107 126 .026 . 393 .083 .040 .000 .003 -------- --------

Feb. 1-10_--------------- 3, 246 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .150 .082 .078 .026 .246 .064 .040 .000 .006 -------- -------- Feb. 11-19_-------------- 3, 071 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 165 .082 .078 .023 . 246 .069 .034 .000 .005 -------- -------- Feb. 20-28_-------------- 3, 033 ------- -------- ~------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 195 .090 .074 .023 .262 .073 .034 .000 .003 -------- --------- Mar. 1-10 ____ ------------ 3, 849 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .135 .074 .074 .026 . 213 .058 .028 .000 .007 -------- -------- Mar. 11-20 _____ ---------- 2, 555 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 160 .082 104 .020 .262 .044 .031 .000 .004 -------- ---.:.---- Mar. 21-31__ _____________ 1, 928 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 170 .090 .'100 .023 .295 .044 .031 .000 .003 -------- --------

Apr. 1-10_--------------- 1, 964 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 165 .082 .096 .023 . 279 .040 .028 .000 .003 -------- -------- Apr. 11-20_ -------------- 1, 794 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 160 .082 .104 .023 . 279 .044 .031 .000 .005 -------- -------- Apr. 21-30_-------------- 2, 109 ------ -------- -- - ------ ------ -------- ------ :200 .099 .126 .023 .328 .071 .040 .000 .003 -------- May 1-10_--------------- 1, 619 ____ ,___ __ -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 170 .090 . I13 .020 .311 .046 .040 .000 .003 -------- -------- May 11-20 ___ ------------ 1, 462 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 185 . 090 122 .023 . 311 .077 .045 .000 . 002 -------- -------- May 21-31_ __ ------------ I, 888 ------- -------- -----~-- ------- ------ --·----- ------ .225 .099 .117 .028 . 361 .073 .045 .000 .005 -------- --------

June 1-10 __ -------------- 1, 559 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 210 .099 .122 .023 .344 .096 .045 .000 .003 -------- -------- June 11-20 __ ------------- 1, 496 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .195 .099 135 .020 . 344 .062 .051 .000 .005 -------- -------- June 21-30_-------------- 1, 011 ------- -------- -------- ------- --~--- ----- .200 .099 144 .023 . 361 .056 .045 .000 .004 -------- -------- July 1-10_--------------- 1,014 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 210 .099 122 .023 .328 .050 .054 .000 .004 -------- -------- July 11-20_ -------------- 755 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 190 107 .126 .023 . 361 ·.o48 .051 .000 .004 -------- -------- July 21-3L ______________ 834 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 210 .099 .130 .028 . 377 .083 .034 .000 .004 -------- --------

Aug.1-10________________ 694 _______ ________ ________ _______ ______ ________ ______ .230 .115 .148 .028 .410 .083 .042 .000 .003 _______________ _ Aug.11-20 _______________ 1,548 ------- ________ ________ _______ ______ ________ ______ .205 .107 .148 .031 .377 .094 .034 .000 .006 _______________ _ Aug.21-3L _____ :_______ 888 _______ ________ ________ _______ ______ ________ ______ .200 .107 .144 .026 .393 .073 .040 .000 .003 _______________ _ 

Sept. 1-10_______________ 846 ------- _____________________________ -------- ______ .190 .107 .130 .028 .361 .075 .040 .000 .002 _______________ _ Sept.11-20 ____________ :_ 554 ------- ________ ________ _______ ______ ________ ______ .260 .132 .117 .028 .459 .069 .034 .000 .003 ---------------- Sept.21-30______________ 829 ____________________________ , _______ ·-------- ______ .250 .115 .117 .031 .426 .077 .040 .000 .003 ________ --------· 

Average. __________ ::-== ~ ::-==~::-==~~--:-:= ==·1-:-:= ---:2oQ~~~---:J22~--:oz6 ---:361"-----:o67 ~2~---:ooG -:oo;l::-== ::-== 

Weighted average_ 1,389 ------- ____________ c ________________ -------+----' .190 .099, .109 .026 .328 .064 .040 .000 .004 ________ --------

Maximum total dissolved solids 41, Oct. 1-10, Dec. 21~31 1938; minimum total dissolved solids 27 Feb. 11-19 Mar. 1-10 1939. Maximum total hardness 20, Sept. 11-20, 1939; minimum total hardness 10, Mar. 1-10, 1939. ' ' ' 
Mean 

dis· Date charge 

(second· 

feet) 

--------------------

May 1-10, 1937 __________ 9,150 May 11-20 _______________ 3, 283 May 21-3L. ____________ 2,542 June 1-10 ________________ 2,203 .Tune 11-20 _______________ 1,848 June 21-30 _______________ 1, 705 

July 1-10 ________________ 2,200. July 11-20 _______________ 1,177 July 21-3L ______________ 1, 076 Aug. 1-1Q__ ______________ 1, 522 Aug. 11-20 _______________ 2,262 Aug. 21-3L _____________ 2,022 

Sept. 1-10 ___ ---··------- 2, 593 

Sept. 11-20. _ ------------ 1, 530 

Sept. 21-30. __ ----------- 1, 076 Oct. 1-10 ________________ 1, 175 Oct.11-20 _______________ I, 777 

Oct. 21-3L _ ------------- 4,151 

Nov. 1-10---------------- 1, 523 

Nov. 11-20--------------- 1,865 Nov. 21-30 _______________ 1, 856 Dec. 1-JO ________________ 1, 731 De_c. 11-20 _______________ 1, 210 

Dec. 21-~L-------------- 1, 966 

Jan. 1-10, 1938 ___________ 1, 594 Jan. 11-20 _______________ 1, 756 Jan. 21-31_ ______________ 1, 116 Feb. 1-10 ________________ 1,367 Feb. 11-19 _______________ 1, 107 Feb. 20--28_. _____________ 1,007 

Mar. 1-10 ________________ 1, 362 Mar. 11-2o _______________ 2,062 Mar. 21-3L ______ , _______ 2,103 Apr. 1-10 ________________ 18,400 Apr. 11-20 _______________ 3, 933 

Apr. 21-30 ..... ---------- 3, 378 --- Average ___________ -------- Weighted- average_ 2,573 

TABLE 17.-Analyses of water from the Ocmulgee River at Macon, Ga., 1937-38 

[Analyses by William L. Lamar and Arthur T. Ness. Drainage area, 2,240 square miles) 

Parts per million 

Oxygen 

Tern· Sus- consumed Cal- Mag- Sodi- Po- Blear- Chlo· per a· pended Color Silica Iron cium ne- urn tas- bonate Sulfate ride ture (SiO,) (Fe) sium sium (SO,) 

(oF.) matter Unfil· Fil- (Ca) (Mg) (Na) (K) (HCOa) (Cl) 

tered tered 

----------- ------- --------------------------· 

63 260 4.1 1.2 14 7.2 0.03 2.6 1.2 2. 7 1.2 14 3. 5 1.8 

68 - 128 2. 5 1.0 6 11 . 01 3.0 1.3 3-4 1.3 17 3.6 1.9 

73 104 3.1 . 7 7 12 .03 3.4 1.5 4.8 1.4 21 4.2 2.2 

77 48 2. 3 .3 6 12 .09 3.8 1.6 4.8 1.2 22 3.2 2.5 

80 92 1.2 .1 8 12 .03 3. 6 1.6 4. 8 1.5 23 3.9 2.5 

81 62 .8 .2 10 12 .02 3.6 1.7 4.2 1. 5 23 3.9 2.6 

80 108 3.0 1.9 18 12 .04 3. 5 1.7 4.5 1.4 22 4.3 2.6 

85 54 2.6 2.1 12 13 .08 3.8 1.5 4. 5 1.6 23 4.4 2.9 

82 105 2.9 2.6 15 12 .09 4.0 1.4 4.0 1.5 22 4. 7 2.8 

82 115 3.6 1.2 12 13 .04· 3. 7 1. 7 4.9 1.6 23 3.9 2.6 

80 209 4.2 2.1 8 11 .04 3.3 1.5 4.9 1.7 22 4.0 3. 0 

83 216 4.0 2.1 8 10 .03 3.3 1. 5 4.0 1.8 19 3. 7 2.8 

80 202 4. 7 2.1 10 11 .04 3.0 1.3 4.4 2.0 18 4.8 2.5 

76 90 3. 7 2.3 12 11 .05 3.4 1. 4 4.4 2.0 20 4.2 3.0 

73 46 3.0 2.4 14 12 .09 3.6 1.7 4.6 1.9 24 3.4 3.1 

72 32 2.4 1.8 8 12 .05 4.0 1.7 5.3 1.4 24 3.9 3.4 

66 69 2.8 1.6 8 12 .02 .4.0 1.6 5.1 1.5 25 3.3 3.2 

60 137 5.4 3.0 12 8.6 .06 2.9 1.5 4.0 2.0 19 3.6 2.6 

59 38 4.0 3.4 12 10 .04 3.2 1.6 4.0 2.0 19 3. 5 2.9 

53 43 3. 2 2.0 10 11 .10 3.4 1.6 4.2 2.1 22 3. 7 3.0 

53 22 2.2 1.8 14 13 .16 3.4 1.6 4.6 2.1 23 3.4 3.2 

50 25 1.6 .8 10 12 .11 3.6 1.7 4.8 1.8 20 5.8 3.4 

49 15 1.0 .6 8 17 .05 4.2 2.0 6.0 1.8 27 4. 5 3. 5 

52 52 2.8 1.6 10 19 .11 4.0 1.8 6.4 1.4 28 4.0 3. 5 

52 30 2.0 1.8 8 13 .12 4.4 2.2 4.8 1.7 24 4.2 3.2 

51 27 1.8 1.2 6 13 .09 4.4 1.9 4. 7 2.0 24 3. 5 3.2 

51 22 1.8 .8 6 14 .18 4.2 1.7 5.6 .7 26 2. 7 3. 5 

51 20 2. 2 .8 6 14 .08 4.0 1.6 5.1 1.6 24 3.0 3. 5 

53 18 2. 6 1.6 6 13 .03 4.2 1.7 4.9 2.0 26 4.0 3.5 

54 10 2.2 1.8 5 13 -.02 4.1 1.8 5.3 1.7 26 3.8 3.6 

53 16 3.4 1.4 6 13 .08 3.9 1.8 5.3 1.5 26 3.2 3. 2 

g~' 45 2.3 1.2 8 13 .05 3.8 1.8 5. 2 1.4 24 3; 7 3.1 119 3.4 1.6 10 12 .07 3. 7 1.6 4.6 1.8 22 3.9 3.0 

60 432' 10 2.0 8 7.8 .05 2.5 1.2 2.9 1.7 13 4. 7 2.0 

63 240 14 3.0 8 7. 6 .02 2.6 1.1 2. 7 1. 5 13 4.0 1.9 

65 181 5.8 3.0 8 10 .06 2. 7 1.3 3.6 1.5 17 3.6 2.2 

---------------------------------------- ------- 95 3.4 1.6 9 12 .06 3. 6 1. 6 4.6 1.6 22 3.9 2.9 

------- 180 5.0 1.7 9 11 .06 3.2 1.5 4.0 1.6 19 4.0 2.5 

Flu- Ni- oride trate (F) (NOs) 

------- 0.0 1.0 .1 .85 .1 .96 .1 1.2 .0 1.3 .0 1.4 

.1 .90 

.o 1.3 .0 1.1 .0 1.2 .1 1.1 .1 1.1 

.1 .60 .1 • 77 

.1 .96 .0 .82 

.0 . 73 .1 .96 

.0 .71 .0 .32 .1 .55 .0 .60 .1 .64 .1 .64 

.o .82 .0 1.2 .1 1.0 .1 1.1 .0 1.2 .o 1.0 

.0 1. 2 .0 1.5 .0 1.4 .0 1.1 .1 .\14 .0 .82 

----- .0 .97 

.o .99 

Total 

dis- solved 

solids 

----

33 

38 

42 

45 

46 

45 

46 

47 

46 

46 

44 

41 

41 

41 

46 

46 

45 

37 

40 

44 

46 

46 

54 

57 

49 

46 

47 

45 

48 

49 

48 

49 

46 

33 

31 

37 

---44 

40 

Total 

hardness 

as CaCO 

1 1 

3 

5 

6 

6 

6 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

6 

6 

6 

6 

4 

4 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

4 

6 

7 

7 

3 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

5 

5 

3 

6 

9 

7 

20 

9 

7 

7 

7 

1 8 

1 

1 

1 

1 

7 

7 

6 

1 

11 

1 

1 

1 

2 

6 

4 
EQuivalents per mDIIOn 

May 1-10, 1937---------- 9,150 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 0.130 0.099 o. 117 0.031 

May 11-20 ____ ----------- 3,283 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .150 .107 .148 -.033 

May 21-3L ___________ c __ 2.542 ------'- -------- -------- ------- ------ __ ., _____ ------ .170 123 .209 .036 

J"une 1-1o ______________ -- 2,203 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .190 .132 .209 .031 

June 11-20 ______ --------- 1,848 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .180 .132 .209 .038 

June 21-30. ___ ----------- 1, 705 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .180 .140 .183 .038 

July 1-10---------------- 2,200 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .175 .140 .196 .036 

July 11-20.-------------- 1, 177 ,------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .190 .123 .196 .041 

July 21-31.-------------- 1,076 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .200 .115 .174 .038 

Aug. 1-10---------------- 1, 522 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .185 .140 . 213 .041 

Aug. 11-20--------------- 2,262 ·------ -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .165 .123 .213 .044 

Aug. 21-31.. _____________ 2,022 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------· ------ 165 .123 .174 .046 

Sept. 1-10_ -------------- 2, 593 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ :1® .107 .191 .051 

Sept. 11-20_ ------------- 1, 530 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .170 .115 .191 .051 

Sept. 21-30-------------- 1,076 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .180 ;140 .200 .049 

Oct: 1-10.--------------- 1, 175 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .200 .140 .230 .036 

Oct. 11-20.-------------- 1, 777 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .200 .132 .222 .038 

Oct. 21-31.-------------- 4,151 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .145 .123 .174 .051 

Nov. 1-10 .. -------- __ ---- 1,523 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .160 .132 .174 .051 

Nov. 11-20--------------- 1,865 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .170 .132 .183 .054 

Nov. 21-30--------------- 1,856 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .170 .132 .200 .054 

Dec. 1-10 ____ ------------ 1, 731 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .180 .140 .209 .046 

Dec. 11-20 ___ ------------ 1,210 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .210 .164 .261 .046 

Dec. 21-31.. _______ ------ 1,966 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .200 .148 .278 .036 

Jan. 1-10, 1938 ___________ 1, 594 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .220 .181 -~ .044 

Jan. tl-20_ -------------- 1, 756 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .220 .156 .204 .051 

Jan. 21-31.-------------- 1,116 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .210 .140 .244 .018 

Feb. 1-10 _____ ----------- 1, 367 ------- -------- -------- ------- -------- ------ .200 .132 .222 .041 

Feb. 11-19 ___________ ---- 1,107 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .210 .140 .213 .051 

Feb. 20-28 _______ -------- 1,007 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ ;205 .148 .230 .044 

M!ll'. 1-1o ________________ 1, 362 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .195 .148 .230 .038 

Mar. 11-20--------------- 2,062 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .190 .148 .226 .036 

Mar. 21-31.. _____________ 2,103 ------- -------· -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .185 .132 .200 .046 

Apr. 1-10.--------------- 18,400 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .125 .099 .126 .044 

Apr. 11-20 ....... -------- 3,933 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .130 .090 .117 .038 

Apr. 21-30 ... : ... -------- 3,378 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .135 .107 .156 .036 

Average ___________________ ------------·------------------------------------- ;180 .132 .200 .041 

Weighted average. 2, 573 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .160 .123 .174 • 041 

MaximlUll total dissolved solids 57, Dec. 21-31, 1937; minimum total dissolved solids 31, Apr. 11-20, 1938. 

MaximlUll total h!ll'dness 20, Jan. 1-10, 1938; minimlUll total h!ll'dness 11, May 1-10, 1937, _A,pr. 1-10, 11-20, 1938. 

0.230 

.279 

.344 

.361 

.377 

.377 

.361 

.377 

.361 

.377 

.361 

311 

.295 

.328 

.393 

.393 

.410 

.311 

. 311 

.361 

.3'i7 

.328 

.443 

.459 

.393 

.393 

.426 

.393 

.426 

.426 

.426 

.393 

.361 

.213 

.213 

.279 

.361 

.311 

(1.073 0.051 0.000 0.016 -------- -------- .075 .054 .005 .014 -------- -------· .087 .062 .005 .016 -------- -------- .067 .070 .005 .019 -------- -------- .081 .070 .000 ,021 ------- -------- .081 .073 .ooo .023 -------- -------- .090 .073 .005 .014 -------- -------- .092 .082 .000 .021 -------- -------- .098 .079 .000 .018 -------- -------- .081 .073 .000 .019 -------- -------- .083 .085 .005 .018 -------- -------- .077 .079 .005 .018 -------- -------- .100 .070 .005 .010 -------- -------- .087 .085 .005 .012 -------- -------- .071 .087 .005 .016 -------- --------- .081 .096 .000 .013 -------- _______ .,.. 

.069 .090 .000 .012 -------- -------- .075 .073 .005 .016 -------- -------- .073 .082 .000 .011 -------- -------- .077 .085 .000 .005 -------- -------- .071 .090 .005 .009 -------- -------- .121 .096 .000 .010 -------- -------- .094 .099 .005 .010 -------- -------- .083 .099 .005 .010 -------- -·------ .087 .090 .000 .013 -------- -------- .073 .090 .000 .019 -------- -------- .056 .099 .005 .016 -------- -------- .062 .099 .005 .018 -------- -------- .083 .099 .ooo .019 ______ ,.._ -------- .079 .102 .ooo .016 -------- -------- .067 .090 .000 .Q19 ----·--- ------~-

.077 .087 .000 .024 -------- -------- •. 081 .085 .000 .023 -------- .098 .056 ·.000 .018 -------- -------- .083 .054 .005 .015 -------- -------- .075 .062 .000 .013 -------- --------

• 081 . 082 • 000 • 01JI -------- -------- .083 • 070 • 000 • 016 -------- --------
. 

Date 

BY 1-10, 1937 .......... ay 11-20 ............... ay 21-31.. ......... ____ M 

M 

M 

J 

J 

J 

nne 1-10 ................ nne 11-20 _______________ nne 21-30 _______________ 

J uly 1-10. ---·-------·--- J 

J 

A 

A 

A 

uly 11-20 _______________ 

uly 21-31. .............. ug. 1-10.. .............. ug. 11-20 ............... ug. 21-31.. ... __________ 

Sept. 1-10. ------------·· 

Oct. ~~t 1-10 M=a~============== ................ 0 ct.11-20 ................ Oct. 21-31 ............... 

N 

N ov. 1-10 .. ----·-------- ov.11-20 ______________ 

Nov. 21-30 .............. Dec. 1-10. _______________ 

Dec. 11-20 ............... De~. 21--31. .............. 

J 

J 

J 

an. 1·10, 1938 ........... an.11-20 ............... an. 21--3L .. : ........... Feb. 1-10 ................ }'eb. 11-19 ............... Feb. 20-28 _______________ 

Mar. 1-10. _ ............. 

Mar.11-20 .. -----------· Mar. 21-3L. ____________ 

Apr. 1-10 ........ ~-----~-

A 

A 

pr. 11-20 ............... pr. 21-30 ............... 

Average ___________ 

Weighted average. 

Mean 

dis· 

charge 

(seoondfeet) 

9. 565 3, 750 2,624 

2,013 

2,145 

1,838 

2,360 

1, 2fl.~ 

1, 303 2,010 

1,680 

2,134 

2,480 

1,108 

746 1. 417 1, 877 5, 455 

1, 582 1, 742 1. 550 1.526 

1, 446 

2,449 

2, 262 

1, 981 1. 672 1,495 

1.360 

1, 557 

1, 399 

3,111 

2,510 

22.190 

4,307 

3,076 ---

--2;863' 

TABLE 18.-Anaiyses of water from the Oconee River at Milledgeville, Ga., 1937-38 

[Analyses by William L. Lamar and Arthur T. Ness. Drainage area, 2,950 square miles] 

Parts per million 

Oxygen Tern- Sus- oonsumed Cal- Mag- Sodi- Po- Bicar· Chlo- pera- pended Color Silica Iron ciuiD. ne· tas- bonate Sulfate ride tore (SiOa) (Fe) sium urn sium (SO,) (oF.) matter Until- FlJ-· (Cal (Mg) (Na) (K) (HCOa) (Cl) 

tered tered 

1---------------------------------- 64 175 3.2 1.0 3 12 0.02 3.4 1.4 3.5 1.0 21 3.0 1.8 71 101 8.9 1.1 8 13 .06 4.0 1.9 4.5 1.1 28 3.6 2.5 76 p7 3.8 1.4 14 14 .03 4.0 1.8 4. 7 1.1 27 3.4 2.2 79 80 2.8 .3 8 17 .09 4.0 2.1 5.4 1.3 28 2.5 2.4 80 298 2.9 .2 6 14 .05 3.8 1.9 4.5 1.5 25 3.1 2.2 82 230 2.8 .7 8 14 .02 3. 7 1.8 4.4 1.6 25 2.6 2.2 

82 408 5.6 2.5 14 13 .04 4.1 1.4 4.0 1.4 24 3.5 2.0 84 55 2.0 1.7 14 17 .02 3.8 1.8 4.6 1.5 24 3.8 2.8 83 79 1.9 1.5 10 19 .03 3.6 1.6 5.0 1.4 26 2.4 2.8 86 165 2.9 1.5 8 15 .01 3. 4 1.6- 4.8 1.8 26 2. 7 2.5 78 212 3.6 1.2 10 13 .03 3.6 1. 6 4.1 1.7 24 2.6 2.4 79 362 5.8 2.3 10 13 .25 3. 7 1.6 4.4 1.4 23 2.8 2.5 

78 127 3.2 1.8 6 18 .02 3.4 1.7 4. 5 1.8 26 2.6 2.9 78 262 6.2 1.7 8 17 ;04 4.2 2.1 5.3 1.8 '211 2.8 3.0 79 387 5.6 1.5 10 -------- .02 -------- -------- 7.1 1.9 --------- 3.1 4.2 71 303 7.6 1.9 12 18 .08 4.5 1.7 6.1 2. 3 31 2. 7 4.5 65 178 5.2 1.6 8 16 .01 4.0 1.3 5.1 1.8 26 1.9 3.2 62 349 5.8 2.4 8 -------- .05 -------- -------- 8. 7 3. 2 --------- 3.3 6.2 

60 74 2.2 1.0 8 18 .05 . 3.4 1.6 4.8 1.6 22 1.8 3.1 49 142 4.6 3.2 8 17 .02 '4.6 2.2 7.8 3.6 31 3.0 7.8 44 61 2.4 .9 6 18 .04 5.4 2.0 4.5 2.0 31 2.6 3.0 40 125 4.0 1.6 6 18 .02 4.0. 1.5 4.8 2.0 26 2.3 3.2 42 80 5.0 2.6 10 19 .02 4.5 2.2 ---4:7· ------- 32 5.'7 ------- 49 270' 4.6 1.4 8 17 .03 3.8 1.5 2.0 25 2.1 3.4 

48 396 6.8 1.0 6 18 .oi 4.2 1.7 4.4 2.2 26 2.2 3.2 51 22 1.6 1.0 6 15 .10 4.8 2.4 5.1 1.6 29 3.0 3.1 47 16 3.2 1.8 8 16 .08 4.6 2.2 7.0 .7 32 2.8 4.2 53 26 7.8 5.8 6 17 .02 5.2 2.2 5.6 2.0 36 2.2 3.8 

------- 15 2.4 1.2 8 17 .09 4.5 2.0 5.5 1.5 30 2.4 3.0 58 14 2.4 2.2 8 15 ;06 4.1! 2.1 5.5 1.4 29 3.5 3.5 

56 28 3.2 1.6 8 15 .16 4.8 1.9 5. 5 1.5 30 2.8 3.5 

------- 216 5.5 2.1 8 14 .11 4.0 r.8 4.8 1.4 25 3.4 2.8 69 193 4.2 2.3 8 15 .06 4.8 1.9 4.8 1.6 30 3.0 2.8 67 409 10 2.6 10 10 .04 3.0 1.4 3.2 1.7 . 18 3.2 2.2 63 142 23 3.4 8 15 .01 4.0 1.7 5.5 1.8 24 4.0 4.5 G4 125 13 2.8 8 17 .04 3.9 1.7 5.1 2.0 27 2.6 3.0 -----m-1--s.o --:osl-o 5.111:7 1.8 8 16 1.8 27 2.9 3:2 

229 6.4 1.9 8 14 .05 3.8 1. 7 4. 7 1. 7 24 -3.0 3.0 

Flu· 'Ni- Total 

oride trate dissolved (F) (NOa) solids 

-------- o.o 0.35 41 .o .80 49 .0 . 76 48 .0 . 77 52 .1 ,96 49 .0 1.1 48 

.0 .22 48 .o 1.0 52 .0 1.2 54 .0 1.2 50 .o 1.2 42 .1 .82 45 

.1 1.4 49 

.o .64 50 .1 1.6 -------- .0 2.8 59 .0 1.1 49 

( .0 .08 

.0 2.4 51 .0 1.1 65 .0 1.9 56 .0 2.4 54 

.0 2.4 -------- .0 1.4 50 

.0 2. 5 52 .o .60 51 .0 .40 57 .o .05 65 .o .60 50 .0 .48 53 

.o 2.6 54 

.o .67 51 .o .53 53 .o 1.2 38 .1 1.5 52 .1 1.8 54 

--.0- 1.2 51 .o 1.1 47 

Total 

hardness 

88 

CaCOa 

1 

1 

1 

1 

4 

8 

7 

9 

17 

17 

16 

17 

16 

15 

1 

1 

6 

6 

15 

19 

----.----18 

15 

--------15 

21 

1 

1 

22 

6 

20 

6 

17 

22 

21 

22 

19 

21 

17 

20 

20 

13 

17 

17 

18 

16 

~-

G 

~-

..... i

~-

11i ~ 

g 

~ ~ 

~ 

:? 

~ 

~ 112 

~-- ~rn 

........ 

<1). 

.... ""' 

I 

""' w .. 
Equivalents per million 

May 1-10, 1937_ _________ 9, 565 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 0.170 0. 115 0.152 0.026 0.344 0.062 0.051 0.000 0.006 May -------- -------- 11-20 ___ ------------ 3, 750 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .200 .1~ .196 .028 . 459 .075 .070 .000 .013 May -------- -------- 21-3!___---- -------- 2, 624 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .200 .1 .204 .028 .443 .071 .062 .000 . 012 -------- -------... June 1-10 --------------- 2,013 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .200 .173 .235 . 033 .459 .052 .068 .000 .012 -------- -------- June 11-20_ -------------- 2, 145 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .190 .156 .196 .038 .410 .064 .062 .005 .C16 --------- -------·- June 21-30_ -------------- 1, 838 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .185 .148 191 .041 . 410 .054 .062 .000 . 018 --------

July 1-10_--------------- 2, 360 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .205 .115 .174 .036 .393 .073 .056 _ooo . 004 -------- -------- July 11-20_ -------------- 1, 263 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 190 148 .200 .038 . 393 .079 . 079 .000 .016 -------- -------- July 21-3L ______________ 1, 303 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .180 .132 .217 .036 .426 -050 .079 .000 . 019 -------- Aug. l-10 __ -------------- 2, 010 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .170 132 .209 .046 .426 . 056 . 070 . 000 . . 019 -------- -------- Aug. ll-20 ___ ------------ 1,680 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 180 132 .178 .044 . 393 .054 .068 .000 .019 -------- -------- Aug. 21-31__ ________ ----- 2, 134 ------- -------- -------- ------- ---~-- -------- ------ .185 :132 .191 .036 .377 .058 .070 .005 . 013 -------- -------·-

Sept .. 1-10_ -------------- 2,480 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .170 .140 .196 .046 .426 .054 . 082 . 005 . 023 -------- -------- Sept. 11-20 __ - ------------ 1,108 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 210 .173 . 230 . 046 . 475 . 058 .085 .000 .010 --------- ______ _._ 

Sept. 21-30 _________ 746 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ -------- -------- .309 .049 .064 .118 .005 .026 -------- -------- Oct- 1-10 1, 417 Oct. ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 225 .140 . 265 .059 . 508 . 056 127 .000 .04..'\ -------- -------- 11-20_ -------------- 1, 877 ------ -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .200 .107 . 222 . 046 . 426 .040 .090 .000 . 018 Oct- -------- -------- 21-31_ -------------- 5, 455 -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- -----·· -------- -------- . 378 .082 .069 175 .000 .001 -------- -------- Nov. 1-JO ____ 1, 582 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ Nov. .170 .132 . 209 .041 . 361 .038 .087 .000 .039 -------- -------- 11-20_------------- 1, 742 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ Nov. .230 .18l . 339 .092 . 508 .062 .220 .000 . 018 -------- -------- 21-30_- ------------ 1, 550 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .270 .164 196 . 051 . 508 . 054 .085 .000 .031 -------- -------- Dec. 1-10_ -------------- 1, 526 ------- -------- ------- ------ -- ___ f_ __ ------ .200 .123 :209 . 051 .426 .048 .090 .000 .039 -------- -------- Dec. 11-20_- 1, 446 Dec. ------- ----- -- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ -225 181 ------- ------- . 524 119 .000 .039 -------- -------- 21-31_--- ----------- 2,449 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .190 .123 .204 . 051 . 410 .044 .096 .000 -023 -------- -------- Jan. 1-10, 1938 ___________ 2, 262 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 210 140 191 .056 426 . 046 . 090 -000 .040 -------- -------- Jan. 11-20_- ------------- 1, 981 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 240 .197 . 222 -041 .475 .062 .087 .000 .010 -------- -------- Jan. 21-3] - -------------- 1,672 ------- -------- ------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .230 181 . 304 . 018 524 .058 118 .000 .006 -------- -------- Feb. 1-JO ________________ 1, 495 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ ----v--- ------ .260 ,181 . 244 .051 .590 .046 .107 .000 .001 -------- -------- :Feb. 11-19_ -------------- 1, 360 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 225 164 .239 .038 .492 .050 .085 .000 .010 -------- -------- Feb. 2Q-28_-------------- 1, 557 -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .240 173 .239 .036 .475 .073 .099 .000 . 008 -------- -------- Mar.1-10_______________ 1,399 _______ ________ ________ _______ ______ ________ ______ .240 .156 .239 .038 .492 .058 .099 .000 .042 ________ -------- Mar.ll-20 ______________ 3,111 ___________________________________________________ .200 .148 .209 .036 .410 .071 .079 .000 .011 _______________ _ Mar. 21-ol_ _____________ 2,510 ________ ________ _______ ______ ________ ______ .240 .156 .209 .041 .492 .062 .079 .000 .008 ________ -------- Apr.1-10 ________________ 22,190 ------- ________ _ ______ _______ ______ ________ ______ .150 .115 .139 .044 .295 .067 .062 .000 .019 ---------------- Apr.ll-20 ___ ----------- 4,307 _______________________ ------- ______ ________ ______ .200 .140 .239 .046 .393 .083 .127 .005 .024 ________ -------- Apr.21-30 __ ------------ 3,076 _______ ________ ________ _______ ______ ________ ______ .195 .140 .222 .051 .443 .054 .085 .005 .029 ________ --------

~v~rhge. __________ =-:= =-:-:-=-:= ==1=-:-:-== =-= == ~ ----:148 ----:222 ~ ---:-443 --:ooQ --:o9Q ---:oOo ----:o19 ==1== 

e1g ted average_ 2,863 ------- ________ --------------- ______ -------------- .190 .140 .204 .044 .393 .062 .085 .000 .018 ----------------

Maximum total dissolved solids 65, Nov. 11-20, 1937, Feb. 1-10, 1938; minimum total dissolved solids 38, Apr. 1-10, 1938. Maximum total hardness 22, Nov. 21-31, 1937, Jan. 11-20, Feb. 1-10, 1938; minimum total hardness 13, Apr. 1-10, 1938. 
Mean 

dis- Date charge 

(secondfeet) 

May 1-10, 1937 .........• 4,962 

May 11-20--------------- 5,973 

May 21-31.. ••..........• 2,471 June 1-10 ..•...•......•.• 1,489 June 11-20 ............... 1,104 June 21-30 ......•.......• 1,599 

July 1-lQ.. ______________ 1,285 July 11-20 _______________ 1,350 July 21-31... ____________ 1,054 

Aug. 1-10 ................ 1, 718 Aug. 11-20 ..••........... 1,821 

Aug. 21-31.. ............. 1,617 

Sept. 1-10 ...•..........• 3,101 

Sept. 11-20 .•............ 3,010 

Sept. 21-30 .............. 1, 549 Oct. 1-10 ...•...........• 904 Oct. 11-20 ............••. 798 Oct. 21-31.. .••.......... 774 

Nov; 1-10 ......•........ 953 Nov. 11-20 .•••........... 1,122 Nov. 21-30 ..•...........• 981 Dec. 1-10 ________________ 984 Dec. 11-20 _______________ 1,043 Dec. 21--31.. ............. 1,368 

Jan. 1-10, 1938 ........... 1,608 

Jan.11-20 -------------- 1,502 

Jan. :n-31. -------------- 1,366 

Feb. 1-10 ·-------------- 1,156 

Feb. 11-19 -------------- 1,028 

Feb. 2D-28 ............... 1,074. Mar. t-to _______________ " 1,063 Mar. 11-20--------------- 932 Mar. 21-31.. ••........... 1,148 

Apr. 1-10 --------------- 1,801 Apr. 11-20 _______________ . 6,540 

Apr. 21-30 -------------- 4, 772 

Average ...... _ .... Weighted average_ --i;844' -

TABLE 19.-Analyses of water from the Ogeechee Ri~er near Eden, Ga., 1937-38 

[Analyses by William L. Lamar and Arthur T. Ness. Drainage area, 2,650 square miles] 

· Parts per million 

Oxygen Tem- Sus- consumed Cal- Mag- Sod!- Po- per a- Blear- Chlo- pended Color Silica Iron clum ne- urn tas- bonate Sulfate ride ture matter (SlOt) (Fe) (Ca) slum (Na) sium (HCOs) (SO<) c· (Cl) F.> Unftl- Fll- (Mg) (K) tered tered 

-------- ------------------------- 67 9 13 11 80 6. 7 0.19 5.8 1.3 3.3 0. 7 24 1.6 3.2 70 10 11 10 86 8.1 .35 6.3 1.2 3.1 . 7 22 2.1 3.5 76 7 9.6 6.4 36 8.8 .45 8.5 1.4 4.2 . 7 33 2.1 3.5 80 7 8.4 6.8 56 11 .48 10 1.5 4.3 . 7 38 2.1 3.8 82 7 6.2 5.0 38 10 .41 9.8 1.6 3.8 .8 36 2.5 3.8 80 7- 9.2 7.1 44 12 A3 8.5 1.2 3.4· .6 31 2.8 3.5 

80 7 11 8.2 44 10 .18 8.6 1.1 3.6 .6 31 2.5 3.8 83 7 13 12 56 10 .24 7.2 1.3 3.5 .7 26 2. 7 4.0 82 9 12 11 56 9.4 .16 7.4 1.3 3. 7 . 7 26 3.3 4.0 80 8 14 15 72 9.0 .16 5.6 1.0 3.5 .6 19 2.8 3.5 80 9 16 15 66 8.3 .20 6.2 1.2 3.0 .8 21 2.8 3.2 80 7 15 13 64 11 .26 6.6 1.1 3.3 .6 22 2.6 3.8 

78 9 26 24 tos 10' .06 5.4 1.1 3.3 1.0 17 3.1 4.0 75 7 - 23 20 90 12 .16 5.3 1.0 3.0 .8 20 2.3 4.0 73 6 14 14 56 12 .36 6.2 1.1 3.1 .8 22 2.3 4.5 74 8 14 13 60 11 .14 7.2 1.1 3.5 .7 26 2.3 5.0 67 6 10 9.6 42 12 .16 7.8 1.2 3.5 .7 28 3.0 4."5 60 7 11 10 40 12 .30 7.8 1.3 3. 7 1.6 28 2.6 4.5 

59 8 9.8 9.0 46 12 .36 5.9 1.4 3.1 .9 20 3. 7 4.8 58 7 12 11 54 12 .22 6.6 1.2 3.6 1.2 24 2.9 4.0 50 3 9.0 8.4 40 12 .45 7.4 1.4 3.5 1.1 28 2.1 5.0 48 4 6.8 6.0 35 14 .33 7.8 1.5 3.9 1.2 29 2.2 5.2 46 4 6.8 ------- 211 13 .16 9.4 1.4 4.0 .8 34 2.3 5.2 50 5 9.8 ------- 40 23 .22 7.6 1.5 6.1 .7 32 3.0 5.8 

51 5 9.4 8.4 36 19 .30 6.2 1.3 4.0 1.1 24 3.1 5.5 49 5 7.4 6.0 32 13 .42 6.2 1.1 4.1 .2 22 2.5 5.8 51 5 7.6 5.8 34 12 .80 7.0 1. 2 4.4 .4 26 1.8 5.5 53 6 8.4 7.2 28 11 .20 8.0 1.2 4.2 .6 32 2.3 4.8 .60 8 8.0 7.2 34 9.4 .30 9.5 1.2 3.9 .8 35 2.1 5.0 57 6 9.8 8.6 34 8.5 ;20 9.4 1.3 3.6 .8 35 1.8 4.8 

58 5 8.4 7.2 36 7.6 .32 9.2 1.2 3.8 .8 33 2.1 4.8 63 5 6.2 5.4 34 7.1 .12 10 1.2 3.8 . 7 37 1.9 4.2 69 7 .8.4 7.2 35 8.8 . 28 9.5 lr2 4.0 1.0 35 2.3 4.6 66 9 10 8.8 36 10 ;22 9.0 1.4 3.8 1.2 34 2.9 4.6 62 14 24 19 62" 8.9 .18 4.4 1.0 3.3 1.2 16 3.7 3.8 67 11 20 19 64 12 .43 5.7 1.0 3.4 1.0 23 2.8 3.2 --7 12 10 ~-~-~- --:zr --rrl~ ----a:7 --.8- 27 -----a5 "'"4.3 8 14 12 69 10 .'Zl 6.8 1.2 3.6 .8 25 2.6 4.1 

~ 

i 

1'· Total 

Flu- Nl· Total hardor! de trate so~d ness 

(F) (NOs) as solids' Caco. .. i 

~ ----------- tl:l 

o.o 0.34 54 20 .o .27 55 21 .o .45 63 27 

.o .50 67 31 .o .41 65 31 .o .18 62 26 

.o .17 62 26 

··i . 1J1 

. ~ 

.. 

.o .26 61 23 .0 .24 59 24 .o .24 56 18 .0 .22 58 20 .0 .20 58 21 

.0 .18 !i4 18 

.o .24 83 1 17 .o .28 61 20 .o .28 60 23 .0 .18 58 24 .o .14 57 26 

-~ 

~ 

~ 

§ 

~ 

~ .o ·.08 54 20 .0 .08 58 21 .o .06 68 24 .o .08 58 26 

.o .08 6"1 29 .0 .08 75 26 

.o .08 62 -· 21 .o .08 53 20 .0 .06 54 22 .0 .12 52 25 .0 .08 56 29 .0 .06 56 ~ 

.o .08 55 28 

~ 

i 

1 

i:Jl 

l 

.o .12 56 80 ... .o .12 59 29 <0 

.o .16 61· 28 II!- .0 .16 57 15 .o .12 62 18 --.0----:18 59 --24-

.o .20 59 22 

...... 

r· 

II"-

,c» 

' 
May 1-10,1937 .........• May 11-20 .........•..... May21-3L ............ . 

June 1-10 --------------- June 11-20 .............. . June 21-30 .............. . 

July 1-10.---------------

July 11-20.---------------

July 21--3L .•............ Aug. 1-10 ............... . Aug. 11-20 .............. . Aug. 21-3L ..•.......•.. 

Sept.1-10 ....•.......... Sept.ll-20 ............. . Sept. 21-30 ............. . Oct.1-10 ............... . Oct.ll-20 .............. . Oct. 21--3L ............. . 

Nov. 1-10 .....••.•..•... Npv. 11-20 .............. . Nov. 21-30 ....••. ___ , ___ _ 

Dec. 1-10 .....•......... Dec. 11-20 ........••..•.. Dec. 21-3L ...........•.. 

Jan. 1-10, 1938 •.......... 

Jan. 11-20.--------------

Jan. 21-31. ............. . 

Feb. 1-10.---------------

Feb.ll-19 .............. . Feb. 2(}-28 .............. . 

4,962 

5,973 

2,471 

1,489 

1,104 

1,599 

1,285 

1;350 

1,054 

1, 718 

1,821 

1, 617 

3,101 

3,010 

1, 549 

904 

798 

774 

953 

1,122 

981 

984 

1,043 

1,368 

1,608 

1,502 

1,366 

1,156 

1,028 

1,074 

Equivalents per million 

0.200 I 0.107 

.314 .099 

.424 .115 

.499 .123 

.489 .132 .424 .099 

.429 .090 

.359 .107 

.369 .107 

.280 .082 

.310 .099 .329 .090 

.270 .090 .264 .082 . 310 .090 

.359 .090 

.389 .099 

.389 .107 

.294 .115 

.329 .099 

.369 .115 

.389 .123· 

.469 .115 

.379 .123 

.310 .107 

.310 .o090 .349 .099 

.399 .099 .474 .099 .469 .107 

o. 144 I o. 018 

.135 .018 

.183 .018 

.187 .018 

.165 .020 

.148 .015 

.156 .OM 

.152 .018 

.161 .018 

.152 .015 ; 130 .020 

.144 .015 

.144 .026 

.130 .020 

.135 .020 

.162 .018 

.152 .018 

.161 .041 

.135 .023 

.156 .031 

.152 .028 

.170 .031 

.174 .020 

•. 265 . 018 

.174 .028 

.178 -.005 

.191 .010 

.183 .015 

.170 .020 

.156 .020 

0.393 

.361 

.541 

. 623 

.590 

.508 

.508 

.426 

.426 

. 311 

.344 

.361 

.279 

.328 

.361 

.426 

.459 

.459 

.328 

.393 

.459 

.475 

.557 

.524 

.393 

.361 

.426 

.524 

.574 

.574 

o. oaa I o. 090 

.044 .099 

.044 . 099 

.044 .107 

.052 .107 

.058 .099 

.052 

.056 

.069 

.058 

.058 

.054 

.064 

.048 

.048 

.048 

.062 

.054 

.077 

.060 

.044 

.046 

.048 

.062 

.064 

.052 

.038 

.048 

.044 

.038 

.107 

.• 113 

.113 

.099 

.090 

.107 

.113 

.113 

.127 

.141 

.127 

.127 

.135 

.113 

.141 

.147 

.147 

.164 

.155 

.164 

.155 

.135 

.141 

.135 

0.000 

.ooo 

.000 

.000 . .ooo 

.ooo 

.ooo 

.ooo 

.ooo 

.ooo 

.000 

.ooo 

.000 

.ooo 

.ooo 

.ooo 

.000 

.ooo 

.000 

.ooo 

.ooo 

.ooo 

.ooo 

.000 

•. 000 

.ooo 

.QOO 

.000 

.000 

.000 

0.006 

.004 

.007 

.008 

.007 

.003 

.oo3 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.003 

.003 

.004 

.004 

.004 

.003 

.002 

.001 

.001 

.001 

.·001 

.001 

.001 

.001 

.001 

.001 

.002 

.001 

.001 

Mar.1-10 .....•......... 1,063 --------------------------------------------...... .459 .0!19 .165 .020 .541 .044 .135 .QOO ._Q()l ---------------- Mar.11-20_._____________ 932 ------- --------.-------- ------- ______ -------- ______ .499 .099 .165 .018 .606 .040 .118 .000 .002 -------- -------- Mar. 21-3L. ____________ 1,148 -------------------------------------------------- .474 .099 .174 .026 .574 .048 .127 .000 .002 ----------------

Apr.1-10 .... ------------ 1,301 -------------------------------------------------- .449 .115 .165 .031 .557 .060 .127 .000 .003 ---------------- Apr.11-2Q _______________ 6,540 ----------------------.---------------------------- .220 .082 .144 .Q31 .262 .077 .107 .000 .003 -------- -------· Apr. 21-30 .. _____________ 4,772 -------------------------------------------------- .284 .082 .148 .026 .377 .058 .090 .000 .002 ----------------

Weighted Averaj!e ... average. 

________ ==~------- 1,844 ------- ====~t==l==l==l-:3741-:o991~1-:o20j-:443.,-:052,~~~~--:DOS==== -------- ---_----- ------" ------ -------- ------ .339 .099 .156 1 .020 .410 .054 , .116 .000 .003 -------- --------

' Includes a large proportion of organic matter for some of the analrses. 

Maximum total diswlved solids 75, Dec. 21--31, 1937; minimum tot~ dissolved solids 52, Feb. 1-10, 1938. 

Maximum total-hardness 31, June 1-10, 11-~, 1937; minimum total tmrdness 15, Apr. 11-20, 1938. 

:I 

.:~ 

-~ 

_I:" 

c 

-~-

.E; 

.;.;. 

:~-

_·;,•.; 

-~ 

-~ 

m 

~Cl 

J;l 

~--

i 

~ ~-

~ 

·-= -m-

:Gi> 

Joj 

j 

;Q = 

-~ 

> 

~ 

l:r.l 

""' r 

-;-
TABLE 20.-Analyses of water from the Satilla River near Waycross, Ga., 1937-38 

[Analyses by William L. Lamar and Arthur T. Ness. Drainage area, 1,300 square miles] 00 -

Parts per million 0) 

00 

Mean Oxygen 

I Total 

~ dis- Tern- Sus- consumed Cal- Mag- Sodi- Po- Blear- Chlo- Flu- Ni- Total hard- Date charge per a- pended ------ Color Silica Iron cium ne- urn tas- bonate Sulfate ride oride trate dis- ness ture (SiO,) (Fe) sium sium (SO,) solved (second- (oF.) matter Unfil- Fil- (Ca) (Mg) (Na) (K) (HCOa) (Cl) (~') (NOa) solids' as feet) CaCOa ll:1 tered tered 

---------------------------------------------- "" ----__ , ___ ----- toe 

May d 

May 

1-10, 

11-20 _______________ 

1937 _________ . __ 1, 

652 

684 70 

75 18 

35 23 

23 16 15 108 95 5.3 

5.6 0.04 

.07 1.6 

1.3 0.9 .9 3.8 

3. 7 0.6 

.7 4.0 

4.0 2.8 

2.1 4. 

6.0 

5 0. 

.0 

1 0. 

0 

36 

27 50 51 6.9 

7. 7 g May 21-3L _____________ 135 82 9 16 14 90 5.8 .06 1.8 .8 4.1 .5 6. 0 2. 7 5. 5 .0 .29 50 7. 8 z June 1-10 ________________ June 11-20 _______________ 244 84 11 14 13 88 5. 7 .06 1.7 .8 3. 9 .5 6.0 2.1 4.8 .0 .18 47 7. 5 w 374 83 12 14 14 92 3.8 .05 1.3 1.1 3. 3 .6 5.0 2.2 4.2 .0 .14 46 7.8 June 21-30. ______________ 246 84 10 14 13 74 4.9 .05 1.1 1.1 3. 4 .5 6.0 1.8 4.2 .0 .16 -43 7.3 ':3 July 1-10. _______________ 226 85 11 16 15 84 5. 5 .10 1.7 .7 3. 3 .5 5.0 2.8 4.2 .0 .12 46 7.1 0 July 11-20 _______________ 494 84 17 .17 15 96 5.2 .04 1.6 1:0 3.0 .6 4.0 2. 3 3.8 ' .0 .12 44 8.1 July 21-3L ______________ 1,296 81 18 25 22 108 5. 7 0 04 2.3 1.0 3. 5 .8 6.0 2.4 4. 5 .0 .14 52 9.8 ~ Aug.l-10 _______________ 1, 553 80 19 25 22 116 5. 1 .05 1.9 1.1 3. 3 .9 5.0 1.6 4.2 .0 .16 53 9. 3 >-1 Aug. 11-20 .. _____________ 1,147 80 12 29 26 120 4.0 .07 1.8 .9 3. 3 .7 6.0 2.0 4. 5 .0 .16 52 8. 2 t:l- Aug. 21-3L _____________ 

Sept. 1-10 ---------------

704 

504 

82 

82 

12 

13 

28 

27 

25 

25 

116 

114 

4.5 

6.5 

.06 

.08 

1.0 

1.8 1.0 

1.0 3.2 

3. 3 

.9 

.8 

5.0 1.6 4.0 .o .12 50 6. 6 ~ 5.0 2. 5 5.0 .0 .12 54 8. 6 

~ Sept.11-20 _______________ 347 78 12 28 26 110 5.4 .13 1:4 1.0 3. 1 0 7 6.0 2.2 4. 5 .0 •. 18 51 7. 6 Sept. 

Oct. 21-30. _____________ 1, 373 73 14 30 27 120 5.1 .09 2. 0 1.0 2.8 .8 6.0 1.9 5.0 .0 .18 55 9.1 1-10 ________________ Oct. 1,102 76 10 29 28 124 6.0 .07 1.7 1.1 3. 4 .7 5. 0 2.5 5. 5 .o .14 56 8. 8 11-20 _______________ Oct. 415 69 6 30 28 130 6.6 .11 1.8 1.0 3.6 .6 6.0 2.6 1>.0 .0 .12 59 8. 6 21-31_ ______________ 182 63 4 26 24 110 6.9 .16 1.6 1.0 3.8 .8 5.0 2.3 5. 5 .0 .12 55 8.1 Nov. 1-10 ________________ 148 63 5 22 20 92 7. 2 .14 1.4 1.0 3. 7 .7 5.0 2.0 6. 5 .0 .08 51 ~ Nov. 7. 6 11-20 _______________ 206 60 9 22 19 95 7. 6 .08 1.8 1.2 3. 9 .9 5. 0 1.9 7.0 .0 0 10 53 9. 4 i Nov. 21-30 _______________ Dec. 328 52 7 21 19 88 6.1 .10 1.8 1.4 3. 7 .8 6. 0 1.3 8. 0 .0 .08 54 10 1-10 ________________ Dec. 230 48 5 19 20 86 8. 1 .07 1.4 1.4 4. 3 0 8 5.0 1.7 8.2 .0 .08 53 9. 2 11-20 _______________ 174 51 5 20 18 72 8.2 ·.os 1.6 1.2 4. 7 0 7 7.0 2.1 8.2 .0 .15 49 8. 9 Dec.21-3L ______________ 345 55 6 20 19 86 8.1 .10 1.4 1.2 4.1 .6 6.0 1.7 8.0 .0 .10 53 8. 4 ~ e; Jan. 1-10, 1938 ___________ 311 55 6 20 18 72 7.0 .12 L8 1.3 4.4 .8 6.0 1.9 8. 5 .0 .08 52 9. 8 Jan.11-20~-------------- 266 53 5 19 16 72 7. 3 .08 1.8 1.0 4. 6 0 3 6. 0 1.6 8.0 .0 0 10 51 8. 6 r:/1 Jan. 21-31_ ______________ 353 54 5 22 18 82 6.9 .16 1.6 1.2 4. 7 0 3 6.0 .8 8.5 .0 0 06 52 8. 9 Feb. Feb. 1-10 11-19 ------~-------- _______________ 267 59 5 24 23 76 5.4 .06 1.8 0 9 3. 9 .6 6.0 1.1 8.0 .0 0 10 49 8. 2 ~ 163 64 5 23 20 70 6.4 .10 1.9 1.1 4. 2 0 7 6.0 1.3 7. 5 .0 0 08 46 9. 3 Feb. 20-28 _______________ · t;;j 121 60 4 22 20 74 4.8 .11 2.0 .9 4.1 .7 6.0 1.9 7.5 .0 .08 46 8. 7 Mar. 1-10. _______________ 124 ~t:/J. Mar. 64 6 20 18 68 4.2 .06 1.6 1.0 4. 3 .7 6.0 2. 0 7. 5 .0 .08 43 8. 11-20 __________ ---- 163 67 10 18 15 70 3.4 .04 1.6 1.0 4. 7 .8 6.0 2.1 7.0 .0 0 12 40 8. Mar. 21-31__ ________ .- ··--- 295 73 11 22 19 76 4. 7" .04 1.6 1.0 4. 7 0 9 6.0 1.8 7.2 .0 .10 51 8. Apr. 1-10 _________ <0 ------ . 68.5 70 8 18 16 64 5. 7 .02 1. 51 1.0 4.3 .8 7. 0 1.8 6. 5 .0 _.14 42 7. ""' Apr.11-20 _________ Apr. --- 74.3 72 10 20 16 48 4. 5 .08 1.6 .8 4.0 .8 7.0 2.5 6. 5 .0 .10 39 7. .- 21-30 _______________ 62.3 75 10 19 17 50 4.9 .08 1.4 0 8 4. I -8 7.0 2. 3 6. 5 .0 0 14 41 6. I Average ___________ ---4571::::::: --10-~--22- 19 -oo-1-----s.s-I"'Ts --~-. 6-1------ul ""'3:8 --. 7- --5-.7- ---z.oi6TI--. o- --:-1:5 --49- 8. I Weighted average_ 14 24 21 104 5. 6 0 07 1. 7 . 1. 0 3. 6 0 7 5.4 ""' 2.0 5.4 ,.0 .16 51 8. 4 ~ 

I 
Equivalents per million 

May 1-10, 1937_ _______ _J1,684 -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 0.080 0.074 0. 161 0.015 0.066 0.044 0. 127 0.005 0.006 May -------- -------- 11-20_______________ 652 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- .065 .074 165 .018 .066 .058 169 .000 .004 -------- -------- May 21-3L. ____________ 135 ------- -------... -------- -----,-- ------ -------- ------ .090 .066 178 .013 .098 .056 155 .000 .005 -------- -------- June 1-10.------ _ _. ______ 244 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .085 .066 .170 .013 .098 .044 135 .000 .003 -------- -------- June 11-20 .. ------------- 374 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .065 .090 .144 .015 .082 .046 .118 .000 .002 -------- -------- June 21-30--------------- 246 ---- -------- -------- ------- ------ ---- .055 .090 .148 . 013 .098 .038 118 .000 .003 -------- -------,-

July 1-10 .. -------------- 226 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .085 .058 .144 .013 .082 .058 118 .000 .002 -------- -------- July 11-20 ... ------------ 494 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ ----- .080 .082 130 .015 .066 .048 107 .000 . 002 -------- -------- .July 21-31.-------------- 1, 296 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 115 .082 152 .020 .098 .050 127 .000 .002 -------- -------- Aug. 1-10 ____ ------------ 1, 553 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .095 .090 .144 .023 . 082 .033 118 .000 .003 -------- -------- Aug. 11-20 ___ ------------ 1, 147 -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .090 .074 144 .018 .098 .{H2 127 .000 .003 -------- -------- Aug. 21-31_ __ ------------ 704 -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .050 .082 .139 .023 .082 .033 113 .000 .002 -------- --------

Sept. 1-10--------------- 504 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .090 .082 .144 .020 .082 .052 .141 .000 .002 -------- -------- Sept. 11-20_- ----- __ , ____ 347 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .070 .082 .135 .018 .098 .046 .127 .000 .003 -------- -------- Sept. 21-30_- ------------ 1, 373 ------ -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 100 .082 .122 .020 .098 . 040 141 .000 .003 -------- Oct. 1-10.--------------- 1, 102 -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .085 .090 .148 . 018 .002 .052 155 .000 .002 -------- -------- Oct. 11-20 -------------- 415 -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .090 .082 .156 . 015 .098 .054 .141 .000 .002 -------- -------- Oct. 21-31.-------------- 182 -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .080 .082 165 .020 .082 .048 155 .000 .002 --------- --------

Nov. 1-10_-------------- 148 -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .070 .082 .161 .018 .082 .042 183 .000 .001 -------- -------- Nov. 11-20_- ------------ 206 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .. 090 .099 .170 .023 .082 .040 197 .000 . 002 -------- -------- Mov. 21-30_- ------------ 328 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .090 115 161 .020 :098 .027 .226 .000 .001 -------- -------- Dec. 1-10_--------------- 230 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .070 115 .187 .020 .082 . 035 . 231 .000 . 001 -------- -------- Dec. 11-20.-------------- 174 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .080 .099 .204 .018 115 .044 . 231 .000 .002 -------- -------- Dec. 21-3L --- _____ - _____ 345 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .070 .099 178 . 015 .098 .035 . 226 .000 .002 -------- --------

.Jan. 1-10, 1938_------·--- 311 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .090 107 .191 .020 .098 .040 . 240 .000 .001 -------- -------- .Jan. 11-20_ -------------- 266 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- -----~ .090 .082 .200 .008 .098 .033 226 .000 .002 -------- -------- Jan. 21-3L ______________ 353 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .080 .099 . 204 .008 .098 . 017 .240 .000 .001 -------- -------- Feb. 1'-10_- -------------- 267 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .090 .074 .170 .015 .098 .023 . 226 .000 .002 -------- -------- Reb. 11-19_-------------- 163 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------. ------ .095 .090 .183 .018 .098 .027 . 212 .000 .001 -------- -------- Feb. 20-28_-------------- 121 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .100 .074 178 . 018 .098 . 040 . 212 .000 . 001 -------- -------- Mar. 1-10_______________ 124 _______ ________ ________ _______ ______ ________ ______ .080 .082 .187 .018 .098 .042 .212 .000 .001 _______________ _ Mar.l1-20 ______________ 163 _______ ________ ________ _______ ______ ________ ______ .080 .082 .204 .020 .098 .044 .~97 .000 .002 _______________ _ Mar. 21-31._____________ 295 ____________________________________________ ---·- .080 .082 .204 .023 .098 .038 .203 .oop .002 _______________ _ Apr.1-IQ________________ 68.5 _______ -·------ ________ _______ ______ ________ ._ 0

978

5

0 .082 .187 .020 .115 .038 .183 .000 .002 _______________ _ Apr.11-20_______________ 74.3 _______ ________ ________ _______ ______ ________ .066 .174 .020 .115 .052 .183 .000 .002 _______________ _ Apr. 21-30_______ 62.3 _______ ________ ________ _______ ___ __ ________ ______ .070 .066 .178 .020 .115 .048 .183 .000 .002 _______________ _ 

Av~rage_ --···-----== == == == ~ ==1==1== ---:o8Q --:-o-.82 --:165 ---:oi8 ------:09.31~· -:172~--:0oQ~~ ==1== Wmghtedaverage .. 457 --------------- ________ --------------------------- .085 .082 .156 .018 .088 ,042 .152 .000 .003 ________ --------

' Includes a large proportion of organic matter. 

Maximum total dissolved solids 59, Oct. 11-20, 1937; minimum total dissolved solids 39, Apr. 11-20, 1938. Maximum total hardness 10, Nov. 21'-30, 1937; minimum total hardness 6.6, Aug, 21-31, 1937, 
Date 

Mean 

discharge 

(secondfeet) 

TABLE 21.-Anolyses of water from the Savannah River near Clyo, Ga., 1938-39 

[Analyses by William L. Lamar, Arthur T. Ness, and N. A. Talvltie. Drainage area, 9,850 square miles) 

Parts per miJIIon 

Tern- Sus- ~n~Yu~~d pera 0 1 Silica Iron ture- pen~ed Until- Fil- o or (SiO•) (Fe) 

(o F.) ma er tered tered 

Cal: 

cium 

(Ca) 

Magnesium 

(Mg) 

Sodium 

(Na) 

Potassium 

(K) 

Blear- Sulfate Ohio- bonate (SOt) ride (HCOs) (Cl) 

Fluoride 

(F) 

NItrate 

(NO a) 

Total Total 

s~~~d ~~~- solids ca'l!5o, ....c..-------1--------- ------------~ --------------------------------- May 1-10, 1938 ........ .. May ll-20 .............. . May 21-31.. ............ . June 1-10 ............... . June 11-20 ............. . Ju>:.e 21-30 ............... . 

July 1-10 .............. .. July 11-20 .............. . July 21-31 ............ .. Aug. t-10 .............. .. Aug. ll-20 .............. . Aug. 21-31.. ........... .. 

~pt.l-10 ............. .. Sept. 11-20 ............. . Sept. 21-30 ............ .. Oct. 1-JO ................. .. 

Oct.11-20 .............. .. Oct. 21-31.. .............. .. 

8,974 

7,460 

6, 656 10,840 

9,067 

9,127 

6,387 

6,294 

10,520 

31,170 

11,220 

6,245 

5,145 

5,901 

4,472 

4,833 

4,115 

3.841 

Nov.l-10.................. 4,402 Nov. 11-20................ 5, 437 Nov. 21-30.................. 6, 702 Dec. 1-10................. 5, 793 Dec. 11-20 ............. ~.. 5,966 Dec. 21-31................ ~,067 

]jUl. 1-10, 1939........... 8, 374 Jim. 11-20............... 8,487 Jan. 21-31................. 8,139 

Feb. h10................ 10, 910 

Feb.11-11L .............. 24,040 

Ji'eb. 20-28 ............... 27,800 

75 

74 

78 

76 

80 

81 

81 

82 

80 

79 

84 

86 

83 

80 

75 

69 

69 

65 

65 

64 

56 

49 

49 

49 

50 

51 

48 

53 

56 

55 

76 

77 

76. 

152 

141 

185. 

1~ 

272 

42 

121 

69 

42 

68 

44 

40 

33 

25 

29 

42 

51 

38 

28 

39 

155 

94 

79 

216 

ll8 

66 

6.6 

4.9 

5. 6 

7.6 

6.1 

5.0 

4.8 

4.3 

10 

6.9 

5.0 

4.2 

8.0 

4.0 

2.8 

3.6 

2.4 

2.8 

3. 7 

4.2 

4.9 

2.9 

3. 2 

2. 7 

4.5 

4.1 

3.4 

5. 6 6.9 

6. 5 

2.2 

2.0 

1.8 

2. 7 2.1 

2.2 

2.2 

1. 7 

3.2 

6.3 

2. 7 

1.9 

2.4 

2.2 

1.3 

2.2 

1.4 

2.0 

2.0 

2.5 

2.8 

2.2 

2.0 

1.9 

2.6 

2.1 

2.0 

2.2 

4.0 

4.1 

8 

8 

8 

10 

8 

8 

8 

10 

12 

18 

12 

12 

10 

8 

8 

10 

10 

10 

10 

8 

10 

11 

11 

8 

13 

11 

11 

11 

18 

21 

12 

13 

12 

11 

10 

11 

10 

11 

10 

9.2 

11 

12 

16 

12 

13 

12 

12 

12 

0.02 

.08 

.03 

.03 

.03 

.04 

.04 

.06 

.02 

.03 

.05 

.08 

.07 

.03 

.08 

.08 

.11 

.07 

11 .06 11 .04 11 .03 12 .05 11 .08 11 .10 

10 .03 11 .03 15 .12 11 .09 8.8 .03 9.4 .05 

5,0 

5:2 

4:9 

3.9 

4.3 

3.8 

4:4 

4,6 

3:9 

4.0 

4.1 

4.4 

5.2 

4.2 

4. 7 5.0 

4. 7 

5.3 

5.1 

4.6 

4.3 

4.6 

4.4 

4.4 

4.0 

4.2 

f.·7 

3.4 

3:3 

3.2 

1 .. 7 1. 7 

1.5 

1.3 

1.3 

1.3 

1.4 

1.4 

1.2 

1.2 

1.3 

1. 3 

1.4 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.4 

1.3 

1.6 

1.2 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.5 

1.3 

1.1 

1.0 

4.·1 

4.1 

3.8 

3.5 

3.4 

3.3 

3.4 

3.5 

2. 7 

2.2 

2.5 

2.8 

3. 7 

4.0 

3. 7 

3. 7 3.6 

3.4 

3.4 

3.0 

3.5 

3.6 

3. 7 

3. 7 

3.5 

3.9 

3. 6 3.3 

2.8 

2.9 

1. 2 

1.2 

1.0 

1.2 

1.0 

1. 2 

1.0 

1.2 

2.1 

2.2 

2.0 

1.8 

1.7 

.9 

1.0 

1.0 

1.1 

1.4 

1.2 

1.3 

1.2 

1.3 

1.1 

1.0 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.0 

1.2 

1.1 

27 

27 

25 

22 

22 

21 

24 

24 

19 

20 

20 

23 

29 

23 

24 

23 

24 

25 

24 

23 

22 

23 

21 

22 

19 

21 

24 

19 

15 

16 

2. 7 3.3 

3.2 

3.5 

3.2 

3.0 

2.8 

2.5 

3.2 

2.9 

2.8 

2.4 

1. 7 3.0 

2.9 

3.1 

2.4 

3.1 

3.4 

3.0 

3.0 

3.1 

4.6 

3. 5 

4. 5 3.3 

2.6 

3.1 

4.8 

3.6 

2.6 

2.6 

2.5 

2.1 

2.1 

2.2 

2.2 

2.5 

2.0 

1.6 

2.0 

2.0 

2.4 

2.t 

2.2 

2.5 

2.4 

2.2 

2.5 

2. 5 2.8 

2.8 

2.9 

2.6 

3.0 

3.0 

2.9 

2.8 

2.5 

2.5 

o.o 

.o 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.o 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.o 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.o 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

0.46 

.47 

.53 

.56 

.56 

.63 

.63 

.59 

.69 

.37 

. 41 

.34 

.18 

.20 

.25 

.25 

.16 

.12 

.10 

.15 

.14 

.20 

.20 

.20 

.43 

.24 

.10 

.26 

.17 

.15 

47 

49 

45 

42 

40 

40 

42 

43 

39 

40 

39 

40 

50 

40 

43 

43 

42 

42 

41 

39 

40 

42 

43 

42 

39 

42 

46 

39 

36 

35 

19 

20 

18 

15 

16 

15 

17 

17 

15 

15 

16 

16 

19 

15 

17 

17 

17 

19 

18 

18 

16 

17 

17 

17 

16 

16 

18 

14 

13 

12 

1\<l:ar.l-10 ................. 51,590 55 7S 7.4 5.2 44 7.4 .02 3:2 1.0 2.2 1.1 14 3.3 2.1 .0 .15 34 12 Mar.11-20 ............... 29,270 60 38 6.1 3.6 19 10 .04 3:6 1.1 3.4 1.2 17 2.9 2.4 .0 .30 38 14 Mar.21-3L. ............. 13.980 62 48 5.8 2.6 10 11 .02 3:8 1.2 3.6 1.0 21 2.3 2.5 .o .40 39 14 Apr.l-10 ................. 16,260 63 t\8 6.2 3.6 16 10 .02 4.0 1.3 3.6 1.2 21 2.3 2.5 .0 .50 41 15 Apr.ll-20 ................... 14,390 65 40 5.0 3.2 14 11 .02 4,4 1.3 3.8 1.1 221 2.1 2.& .0 .40 42 16 Apr.21-3L .................... 10,140 ~ 50 4.4 ~~-1_2_~~~~~---23 ___ 1_.8_ ~ __ .0_ .60 44 16 

Average................... ... ... .. ... .... .. .... ... 82 5. 1 2. 6 131 11 . 05 4. 3 1. 31 3. 4 1. 2 221 3. 0 I 2. 4 . 0 . 34 41 16 Weighted average .. 11,240 .......... 83 5.8 3.3 17 10 .04 4.0 1.2 3.2 1.3 20 3.1 2.4 .0 .33 40 15 
Eqaiftlenta per lftlllioD 

r; 

' 

0.007 --~-=F-= May 1-10, 1938 __________ 8,974 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ 0.25Q 0.140 0.178 0.031 0.443 0.056 0.0:73 0.000 May 11-20--------------- 7,460 -~ .140 .178 .031 .443 .069 ·m May 21-31__ __ _: __________ .goo .008 -------- -------- 6,656 .246 .123 .165 .026 . 410 .067 .o .00 June 1-10 ________________ . 008 -------- -------- 10,840 .l!f6 .107 .152 .031 . 361 .073 • 9 .. 900 .009 _______ r 

______ 1une 11-20--------------- 9,067 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ ___ .. ____ ------ .215 .107 .148 .026 .361 .067 ;o59 .000 .009 -------- -------- June 21-30 __ , ____________ 9,127 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ . 190 .107 . .144 .031 .344 .062 .062 .000 • 010 -------- -------- ~-:· 

July 1-10 ________________ 6, 387 ------- -------- - ------- ------ -------- ------ .2;1ti .115 .148 .026 .393 .058 .oi2 .000 • 010 -------- -------- July 11-20--------------- 6,294 .230 .115 .152 .031 .393 .052 .0111) .000 .010 July 21-1IL ______________ -------- 10,520 .ll!IJ .099 .117 .054 . 311 .067 ·® .000 .011 -------- -------- Aug. 1-10---------------- 31,170 .zoo .099 .096 .056 . 328 .060 :~ .000 .006 -------- -------- Aug. 11-20--------------- 11,220 .2p5 .107 .109 .051 .328 .058 .000 .007 Aug. 21-1IL _____________ -------- -------- 6,245 ·~ .107 .122 .046 .377 .050 .056 .000 .006 -------- -------- Sept.l-10 ___________ "'--- 5,145 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .2!!0 .115 .161 .044 .475 .035 .o$8 .000 .003 Sept.11-20 ______________ -------- -------- 5,901 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ -2!!0 .099 .174 .023 .377 .062 := .000 .003 -------- -------- Sept. 21-110-------------- 4,472 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ :I .099 .161 .026 .393 .060 .000 .004 -------- -------- Oct.l-10.--------------- 4,833 .099 • .161 .026 .377 .064 .070 .000 .004 -------- --·------ Oct. 11-20--------------- 4,115 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .235 .099 .156 .028 .393 .050 .068 .000 .003 Oct. 21-1IL ______________ -------- -------- 3,841 .264 .115 .148 .036 .410 .064 .062 .000 .002 -------- -------- .('. 

Nov. 1-10--------------- 4,402 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .21i/i .107 .148 .031 .393 .071 .07j) .000 .002 -------- Nov.11-20-------------- 5,437 ------- ---··---- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .230 .132 .130 .033 . 37.7 .062 .070 .000 .002 

~~~~~~~I~~~~~~ Nov. 21-110-------------- 6,-702 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .~4 .099 .152 .031 .361 .062 :~ .000 .002 

Dec. 1-10---------------- 5,793 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .2il(l .115 .• 156 .oa.~ .377 .064 .000 .003 Dec. 11-20 _______________ 5,966 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ :~ .115 .161 .028 .344 .096 .082 .000 .003 

Dec. 21-11L-------------- 6,067 - .115 .161 .026 .361 .073 .073 .000 -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .003 -------- i• : .J~ Jan. 1-10, 1939 ___________ ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .200 .115 .152 .031 . 311 .094 .Q8i .000 .007 -------- -------- Jan. 11-20--------------- ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .$) .115 .170 .031 .344 .069 ·OBi Jan. 21-111_ ______________ .000 .004 -------- -------- ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ • 2<!P .123 .156 .031 .393 .054 .0~ .000 .002 --,----- -------- Feb. 1-10---------------- ------- - - --- --- --- - --- ------ -------- .170 .107 .144 .026 .311 .064 .0'1, .000 .004 -------- -------- ~~--~-~-::_-_-______ ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ .165 ; 09{J - .r.u :u31 .240 :100 -:070 -:uoo .003 -------- -------- Feb. 20-28--------------- 27,800 .160 .082 .126 .028 .262 .075 .07.!J .000 .002 ·-------- -------- Mar. ·-- : ~" 1-to _______________ 51,590 ------- -------- -------- ------ ------ -------- ------ .li)Q .082 .096 .028 .230 .069 .059 .000 .002 Mar. 11-20 _________ c ____ -------- -------- Mar. 21-3L _____________ 29,270 .lil.Q .090 .148 .031 .279 .060 .068 .000 .005 -------- -------- 13,980 ------- -------- -------- ------- ------ -------- ------ Apr. .111_0 .099 .156 .026 .344 .048 .oto .000 .006 -------- -------- 1-10 ________________ 16,260 

·= 

.107 .156 .031 .344 .048 .o'll) .000 .008 -------- -------- Apr. 11-20--------------- 14,390 .107 .165 .028 .361 .044 .070 .000 .006 -------- -------- Apr. 21-110------------~- 10,140 ___ , ___ -------, ___ --------, ___ --------, ___ -------, __ ------, ___ --------, __ ------, __ ::.® ._, ___ .107 , ___ .174 , ___ .028 , ____ .377 , ___ .038 , ___ .073 , __ .000 . _, ___ .010 , ___ -------- -------- , __ _ Average _______ ----j---·----j-------j--------j--------j-------1------1--------1------1 . 215 

Weighted average_ 11,240 ------- -------- -------· ------- ------ -------- ------ • 200 

.1071 .1481 .031 

.099 .139 .033 

Maximum total dissolved solids 50, Sept. 1-io, 1938; minimum total dissolved solids 34, Mar. 1-10, 1939. 

Maximum total hardness 20, May 11-20, 1938; minimum total hardness 12, Feb. 20-28, Mar. 1-10, 1939. 

.361 

.328 .0621 .068.1 .000 . 064 • 068 • 000 :3~ l======:r:===== 

c 

; 

! 

~. t<: 

c 

l!l 

i.· I 

~· ~ 

g 

~~ 

~ 

~ ~ 

~ 

~ 

~ 9 

> 

~ ..... 
Source 

Alapaha River near Alapaha _________________ 

Alapaha River at Statenville ...........•...•. Altamaha River at Doctortown •------------ Amlcalola Creek near Dawsonville ....•••••.. Apalachee River near Buckhead ......••••... 

Beaverdam Creek near Elberton _____________ B!f, Creek at Lakeland _______________________ B er Creek near Waynesboro ________________ Brier Creek at Millhaven ____________________ Broad River near Bell _______________________ 

Burnt Fork near Decatur ____________________ Canoochee River near Claxton _______________ Cartecay River near Ellijay __________________ 

Cedar Creek near Winder ..•••.....•.....•.. Chattahoochee-River near Leaf ______________ 

ChattahoocheeRiver near Gainesville. ______ Chattahoochee River near Norcross __________ Chattahoochee River near Vinings a _________ Chattahoochee River near Whitesburg _______ Chattahoochee River at We$t Point _________ 

Chattahoochee River at Columbus'---------

Chattahoochee River near Omaha ___________ 

Chattahoochee River near Hilton •-----------· Chattooga River (Mobile River Basin) at Summerville. 

Chattooga River (Savannah River Basin) near Clayton. 

Chestate<) River near Dahlonega _____________ 

Chickasawhatchee Creek at Elmodel. ....... Coahuila Creek near Varnell ..........•.•..•. Conasauga River at Tilton ___________________ Coosa River near Rome ______________________ 

Coosawattee River near Ellijay. _____________ Coosawattee River·at Carters ________________ Coosawattee River at Pine ChapeL _________ Dikes Creek near Rome _____________________ 

Dried Indian Creek· at Covington~-----------

TABLE 22.-Analysea of surface waters of Georgia 

[Analyses' by William L. Lamar, Arthur T. Ness, and Charles G. Seegmiller] 

Parts per mlllion 

Dis- Sus- Mag- Po· 

charge pend· Silica Iron Cal· ne- So· 

Date tas· (second· ed Color (SiOo) (Fe) cium slum dium slum 

feet) mat- (Ca) (Mg) (Na) (K) ter 

Blearbonate 

(HCOa) 

---------------------- Apr. 26,1937 .... 577 24 58 3.1 0.05 1.4 0.9 2.5 0.6 7.0 

Nov. 11, 1937 .•.. 235 8 60 8.2 ,24 1.5 1.2 2.8 .6 5.0 

1937--38 .....••••• 10,330 60 19 12 .10 7.2 1.6 4.1 1.2 31 

June 10, 1941. •.. 74 12 5 7.8 .02 2.0 .8 1.5 1.0 10 

June 2, 1937.---- '455' 134 16 12 .04 3.1 1.4 3.2 1.3 19 

Sept. 22, 1938 .•.. """"52"" 4 12 .02 2.2 1.0 3.9 16 Apr. 24, 1937 ____ -··aa· 210 2.5 .04 1.4 1.4 

3.21 

1.0 5.0 

Jan. 17, 1938 ...•• 4 15 9.3 .12 4.8 .9 2.6 .8 20 

Dec. 4, 1937 ..... 466 2 22 10 ,19 6.2 1.2 2.3 .8 22 

June 3, 1937 ..... 1,110 90 7 16 .04 4.0 I. 7 4.4 1.0 25 

May 7, 1938 •••.. ----94"" """iii" 6 13 .03 3.9 1.6 4.1 25 

Dec. 4, 1937.. ..•• 72 11 .16 1.5 1.2 s.3 1 .8 5.0 

Apr.1,1937 ..... 290 5 6 7.5 ,02 1.2 .7 2.0 1 .5 9.0 

Sept. 21, 1938 .... ---iiii"" """ii" 4 13 .02 1.5 .6 3.9 12 

June 10, 1941. ... 6 10 .04 2.2 .7 1.9 1.0 11 

June 3, 1937 ..... 1,050 177 5 9.4 .01 2.0 .9 2.5 .7 10 

Aug. 22, 1941. ... 710 73 7 9.5 .08 3.0 1.0 2. 7 1.0 15 1937--38. _________ 2,220 207 9 11 .04 2.4 1.1 3.3 1.1 16 

May 19, 194L ... 1, 320 24 9 17 .05 4.6 1. 7 5.4 1.8 15 

Feb. 16, 1938 .... 2,460 9 6 11 .09 3.8 1. 5 5.0 1.2 24 

1940-41__ ________ 3, 704 43 9 11 .05 3.9 1.3 5.2 1. 5 21 

May 27, 1938 .... ·s;7oo-- 57 8 11 .06 3.4 1. 5 6.0 24 1940-41. _________ 75 7 10 .03 5.6 1.3 4.8 1.4 23 Mar. 31, 1937 .... 268 28 3 5.4 .01 27 5.9 1.9 .8 110 

June 11, 1941. •.. 224 2 2 9.1 .02 1.6 .8 1.3 .8 9.0 

June 10, 1941. ... 107 15 2 9.1 .01 2.2 .7 1. 7 1.1 11 May 21, 1941. ___ 24 2 16 5.2 .01 31 1.2 2.8 .8 103 

Sept. 19, 194L .. 12.4 30 2 7.0 .01 34 10 1.0 1.4 154 ..... do ___________ 112 .8 5 3. 5 .01 22 7.0 3.9 1. 7 100 

Mar. 30, 1937.. .. 5,600 14 6 8.9 .02 9.5 3.0 2. 7 1.0 43 

May 16, 1941. ... 205 14 7 8.1 .01 ·1.8 1.3 1.2 .6 11 

Mar. 31, 1937 .... 1,090 6 6 7.8 ,04 1.9 .9 2.5 1.0 11 

Aug. 28, 1941. ... 635 71 3 8.4 .02 4.5 1.6 1.4 .7 22 May 1} 1941. ... 3.7 7 5 6. 7 .01 22 12 .9 .7 8126 

Sept. 1 , 1938 .•.. 10 15 .10 2.3 .9 4.5 18 

Sui- Ohio· Flu- Ni· 

fate ride or! de trate (SO<) (01) (F) (NOa) 

--------- 1.3 4.2 0.0 0.30 

1.8 5.0 .0 .08 

3.2 3.2 .0 .46 

1.6 1.0 .1 .10 

2.4 2.2 .2 1.2 

1.9 1.9 .0 .42 

J..3 5.2 .1 .66 

1. 7 3.2 .1 .26 

1. 5 4.0 .0 .10 

2.2 2.5 .o 1.1 

1.4 2.0 .o .67 

1.2 7.5 .o .08 

1. 7 .9 .I .08 

1.6 1.9 .0 • 74 

1.9 .8 ·.I .17 

3.5 1.6 .0 .83 

2.2 2.2 .2 .30 

2. 7 1.9 .o .40 3.4 4.8 .1 12 

2.0 3.6 .0 1.1 

4. 7 3.5 .1 1.1 

3.3 2.9 .0 . 72 

5.4 4.1 .1 .99 

3.6 2.2 .0 1.5 

1.7 .5 .1 .05 

2.1 .8 .0 .14 

.7 3. 5 .0 .65 

2.4 1.1 .1 .85 

3.2 5.4 .1 .30 

4. 7 1.6 .0 . 53 

1.9 1.4 .0 .05 

3.9 1.0 .o .08 

2.4 .9 .2 .20 

1.6 1.5 .o .70 

.9 2.1 .0 . 78 

Total 

dis· 

solved 

solids 

--

136 

•45 

54 

19 

39 

33 

464 

37 

45 

50 

42 

• 51 

19 

30 

25 

27 

31 

33 

64 

40 

44 

40 

47 

99 

18 

24 

100 

128 

93 

52 

26 

25 

31 

105 

38 

Total 

hard· 

ness 

as caco, 

---7.2 

8.7 

25 

8.3 

13 

9.6 

9.2 

16 

20 

17 

16 

8. 7 

5.9 

6.2 

8.4 

8. 7 

12 

11 

18 

16 

15 

15 

19 

92 

7. 

8. 

82 

126 

84 

36 

9. 

8. 

18 

104 

9. 

3 

4 

8 

4 

4 

~ 

"' t-,j 

i 

jig 

ttl 

~ 

~-

@ 

172 

1::3 

0 

~ ~ 

~ ~ 

~ 

~ lo;! 

t;l 

rJl 

~ 

~ .... 

cc 

II>-

.... 

I 

II>-

w -~ ·-:' 
EQuivalent& per million 

Alapaha. River near Ala.pa.ha _________ c _______ Apr. 26, 1937____ 577 -------------------------0.070 0.074 0.109 0.015 

;015 

.031 

.026 

.033 

Alapaha River at Statenville _________________ Nov. 11, 1937____ 235 ------ ------ ------- ------ .075 .099 .122 Alta.maha River at Doctortown •------------ 1937-38 __________ 10,330 "----- ------ ------- ------ . 359 .132 .178 Amicalola Creek near Dawsonville ___________ June 10, 1941.___ 74 ------------------- ----·- .100 .066 .065 Apalil.chee River near Buckhead _____________ June 2, 1937_____ 455 ------ ------ ------- ------ .155 .115 .139 

Beaverdam -s.eek near Elberton_____________ Sept. 22, 1938 ____________ ----,- ------ ------- ------ Big Creek at Lakeland ____ ~------------------ Apr. 24, 1937____ 52 ------ Brier Creek near Waynesboro ________________ Jan. 17, 1938 _____ -------- ------ Brier Creek at Millba.ven ____________________ Dec. 4, 1937_____ 456 ------ ------ _______ ------ Broad River near BelL ______________________ June 3, 1937 _____ 1,110 ------ ------ ------- ------

Burnt Fork near Decatur ____________________ May 7, 1928. ____ -------- ------ ------ ------- ------ Canoochee River near Claxton_______________ Dec. 4, 1937 _____ 94 ------ ------ ------- ------ Cartecay River near Ellijay ____________ , _____ Apr.1, 1937_____ 290 ------ ------ ------- ------ Cedar Creek near Winder ___________________ Sept. 21, 1938 ____ -------- ------ Chattahoochee River near Leaf ______________ June 10, 1941.___ lUl' ____________ -------

Chattahoochee River near Gainesville _______ June 3, 1937 ____ _ Chattahoochee River near Norciross__________ Aug. 22, 1941. __ _ Chattahoochee River near Vinings •--------- 1937-38 _________ _ Chattahoochee River near Whitesburg_______ May 19, 1941.~--

Chattahoochee Riverat West Point _________ Feb.16, 1938 ___ _ 

1,050 

710 

2,220 

1,320 

2,460 

.110 

.070 

.240 

.310 

.200 

.195 

.075 

.060 

.075 

.110 

.100 

.150 

.120 

.230 

.190 

.082 

.115 

.074 

.099 

.140 

.132 

.099 

.058 

.049 

.058 

.074 

.082 

.090 

.140. 

.123 

Chattahoochee River at Columbus 7---------

Chattahoochee River near Omaha..----------

Chattahoochee River near Hilton'-----------

Chattooga River (Mobile River Basin) at 

~~b-;i938~=~= -~~:~-- :::::: ------ ------- ------ J~ J~ 194Q-4L _________ 5, 700 ------ ------ ------- ------ .280 .107 

Summerville. 

Mar. 31, 1937.... 268 ______ ______ 1. 348 • 485 

• 1391170 . 026 

.113 .020 

.100 ,020 

.191 . 026 

.178 

.144 ~ .020 

._087 . 013 .. 1 0 .083 .026 

.109 

.117 

.144 

.235 

. 217 

.018 

.026 

.028 

.046 

.031 

.226 .038 .262 .209 .036 

.083 .020 

Chattooga River (Savannah River· Basin) June 11, 194L ... 224 • 080 • 066 • 056 .020 near Clayton. 

Chestatee River·near Dahlonega. _____________ June 10, 1941. .. . Chickasawhatchee Creek at ElmodeL _____ . __ May 21, 1941. .. . Coahuila. Creek near Varnell_________________ Sept. 19, 1941. ... Conasauga River .at Tilton .... : ___________________ do __________ _ 

Coosa R1ver near Rome______________________ Mar. 30, 1937 .•.. 

107 ------ ------ ------- ------ .110 

24 ------ 1. 547 

12.4 ------ ------- ------ 1. 697 

112 ------ ------ ------- ------ 1.098 

5,600 ------ ------ ------ .474 

.058 

.099 

.822 

.576 

.247 

Coosa.wattee River near Ellijay ______________ May 16, 1941.... 205 ______ ------ ------- ------ . 090 .107 

Coosawattee River at Carters ________________ Ma.r. 31, 1937 .... 1,090 ____________ ------- ------ .095 .074 

Coosawattee River at Pine ChapeL .. _______ Aug. 28, 1941.... 635 _________________________ . 225 .132 

Dikes Creek near Rome. ____________________ May 14, 1941.... 3, 7 ______ 1.098 .987 

t>ried Indian Creek at Covington ......... _. .. Sept.13, 1938 .... -------- ______ ------ ------- ------ .115 .074 

.074 

.122 

.044 

.170 

.117 

.028 

.020 

.036 

.043 

.026 

.052 .015 

.109 .026 . 061 .018 

.039 .018 

.196 

0.115 

.082 

.508 

.164 

.311 

.262 

.082 

.328 

.361 

.410 

.410 

.082 

.148 

.197 

.180 

.164 

.246 

.262 

.246 

.393 

.344 

.393 

.377 

1.803 

.148 

.180 

1.688 

2.524 

1.639 

. 705 

.180 

.180 

.361 

2.065 

.295 

0. 027 1o. 118 0. 000 . 038 . 141 . 000 

.067 .090 .000 . 033 . 028 . 005 

.050 .062 .010 

.040 .054 .000 

.027 .147 .005 • 035 . 090 . 005 . 031 .. 113 . 000 • 046 • 070 . 000 

. 029 . 056 .000 

.025 .212 .000 

.035 .025 .005 . 033 . 054 . 000 . 040 . 023 • 005 

. 073 . 045 . 000 

.046 .062 .010 -056 • 054 • 000 . 071 • 135 • 005 

.042 .102 .000 

• 098 . 099 • 005 . 069 . 082 . 000 

.112 . 116 • 005 

.075 . 062 . 000 

.035 .014 ;005 

. 044 • 023 • 000 

.015 .099 .000 

.050 .031 .005 . 067 • 152 . 005 . 098 • 045 .000 

• 040 • 040 . 000 

.081 .028 .000 

.050 .025 .010 

.033 .042 .000 

.019 .059 .000 

0 .. 005 

.001 

.007 

.002 

.019 

.007 

.009 

.004 

.002 

.018 

.011 

.001 

.001 

.012 

.003 

.013 

.005 

.006 

.194, 

.018 

.018 

.012 

.016 

~024 

.001 

.002 

.010 

.014 

.005 

.008 

.001 

.001 

.003 

.011 

.013 

-~-- ---- --------

1 Large proportion of organic matter; smri of mineral constituents 18 parts. 2 J,arge proportion of organic matter; sum of mineral constituents 24 parts. • Average of analyses of composites of daily samples (see pp. 35Z..353). • Large proportion of organic matter; sum of mineral const!tue11ts 19 parts. 5 Large proportion of organic matter; sum of mineral constituents 29 parts. 

• Average of analyses of composites of dally samples (see pp, 354-355). 7 Average of analyses of composites of daily samples (see pp, 356-357). 

'Average of analyses of composites of daily samples (see pp. 358-359). a Includes equivalent of 7.9 parts of carbonate (COa). ·. 

,. 
E 

E 

E 

E 

Source 

ast Amicalola Creek at Juno _______________ 

checonnee Creek near Macon ______________ 

towah River near Dawsonville _____________ towah River at Canton ____________________ 

towah River near Cartersville"------------ towah River near Kingston ________________ towah River at Rome ______________________ 

uharlee Creek at Rockmart __ --------------

E 

E 

E 

E 

F ishing Creek near Milledgeville ____________ 

F 

F 

F 

F 

lint River near Griffin _____________________ 

lint River near Culloden ___________________ lint River at Montezuma ___________________ lint River at Oakfield ______________________ 

lint River at Albany----------'------------ lint River at Bainbridge ___________________ annahatchee Creek at Omaha ______________ 

F 

F 

H 

I 

I 

chawaynochaway Creek at Milford _________ chawaynochaway Creek near Newton ______ 

acksCreek at Monroe ______________________ J 

L 

L 

L 

L 

ittle Ocmulgee River at Towns _____________ 

ittle River near A deL ___________ ---------- ittle Tallapoosa River at Carrollton ________ ong Cane Creek near La Grange ___________ 

iddle Oconee River near Athens ___________ ill Creek at Dalton _________ --------------- ountaintown Creek near Ellijay ___________ chlockonee River near Thomasville _______ . 

M 

M 

M 

0 

0 cmulgee River near Jackson ________________ 

/ 

Ocmulgee River at Macon"-----------------

0 

0 

0 

0 

cmulgee River at Abbeville ________________ cmulgee River at Lumber City ____________ 

conee River at Athens ________ ------------- conee River near Greensboro _______________ 

' TABLE 22.-Analyses of surface waters of Georgia-Continued 

Parts per mllllon 

Dis- Sus- Mag- Po- pend- Cal- So- BlearDate charge ed Color Silica Iron clum ne- dlum tas- bonate (second- mat- (SiOo) (Fe) (Ca) sium (Na) siu.m (HCOa) feet) ter (Mg) (K) 

-------------- -------------- June 10, 194L .•. 26 10 - 5 7. 7 0.04 1.5 0.6 1.4 1.0 8.0 

{Mar. 20, 1937 ____ 4,430 134 25 7. 7 .35 2.2 .9 2.4 1.6 12 Mar. 25, 1937 ____ 404 41 15 15 .58 3.0 1.5 4.5 1. 5 22 Sept. 5, 194L ___ 84 16 4 9. 5 .01 2.6 1.0 1.3 1.1 13 

Apr. 1, 1937 _____ 1,280 34 4 8.5 .01 2.8 1.0 2.1 .8 14 

1938-39_ --------- 1,:i89 180 6 11 .03 4.0 1.3 2.8 1.0 22 Mar. 30, 1937 ____ 2,600 38 5 11 .06 6.4 2.5 2.2 1.0 33 

May 14, 194L ___ 1,020 21 12 11 .07 11 4.3 2.4 1.0 58 Apr. 19, 1938. ___ -------- ------ 6 6. 7 .02 18 5.2 2.3 80 

Jan. 19, 1938 _____ -------- ------ 12 20 .03 7.1 3.8 9.1· 1.9 43 

{Mar. 13, 1937.. __ :)32 17 10 13 .34 4.0 1.4 3.9 .8 23 Apr. 9, 1937 _____ 1,920 96 15 5. 6 .06 2.8 1.2 2.5 1.0 17 

Apr. 10, 1937 ____ 9,840 159 9 4.4 .03 2.4 1.1 2.6 1.1 14 Jan. 20, 1938 _____ 2,~40 22 8 7.9 .11 3.4 1. 2 2.3 1.2 16 

Jan. 21, 1938 ..•.. 2,?30 13 8 9.1 .11 6.6 1.5 3.1 1.2 26 

Jan. 19, 1938 ..... 4,060 13 12 9.8 .16 7.0 1.2 3.6 .6 30 

Dec. 9, 1937 _____ 5, 540 7 10 8.2 .09 18 1.3 3.2 1.0 60 

May 27, 1938 .... ---27ii"" 11 10 11 .04 5.3 1.3 2.8 16 

May 21, 1941. •.. 7 11 7.1 . 01 11 1. 2 .91 .7 35 

Jan. 18, 1938 _____ 900 5 14 7.5 .25 18 .9 2.8 .4 58 

Sept, 21, 1938 ____ -------- ------ 3 10 .02 2.1 .9 2.8 13 

Apr. 3, 1937 _____ 567 8 69 7.4 .16 2.5 .9 2.9 .8 10 May 24, 1941. ___ 9,6 3 35 9. 7 .03 4.0 .8 3.1 . 7 11 Mar. 24, 1937 ____ 178 27 20 13 .31 3.1 1.2 3.0 1. 2 19 

May 16, 1938 ____ -------- ------ 6 21 .05 4. 7 2.0 4.4 1.1 31 

Nov. 30, 1937 ____ 280 13 8 14 .08 3.0 1.8 3.4 1.6 21 Jan. 5, 1940 ______ -------- ------ 2 7.5 .01 36 10 1.2 "156 

May 16, 1941. ___ 36. 8 5 7. 2 • 01 2.0 .7 1.4 .7 10 Dec. 8, 1937 _____ 4;06\ 6 38 9.4 .13 1.2 1. 3 3. 7 .8 8.0 

June 19, 1941.. __ 368 16 8 14 .04 4.4 1. 7 6.1 2.2 24 

1937-38 __ -------- 2,573 95 9 12 .06 3.6 1.6 4.6 1.6 22 Apr. 7, 1937 _____ 8,480 24 21 8.3 . 31 5. 7 1. 5 3.4 1.0 25 

Nov. 10, 1937 ____ 3,000 50 10 11 .11 10 1. 7 3.8 1. 7 39 

Nov. 15, 1940 ____ --~-"---- ------ 6 15 .05 3.9 1.8 3.8 1.2 25 

June 2, 1937 _____ 1,030 70 8 15 .07 3.1 1.5 3. 7 1.~ 21 

Total Total 

Sui- Chlo- Flu- Ni· hardfate ride or! de trate dis- ness (SOt) (Cl) (F) (NOa) solved as solids CaCOa 

------------- 1.1 1.0 0.0 0.15 18 6.2 

2.9 1.2 .0 .42 34 9.2 

2.8 2.6 .0 .20 47 14 1.6 1.0 .0 .12 24 11 2.1 1.0 .1 .20 26 11 

3.2 1. 5 .0 . 21 36 15 

3.0 1.4 .0 .28 43 26 2.2 1.8 .o .98 61 •5 

3.0 1.4 .0 . 74 75 66 5.6 10 .0 .20 80 33 

2.3 2.0 .0 ,39 43 16 

2.1 1. 2 .0 .41 33 12 2.3 1.6 .1 .61 30 11 2.4 2.5 .0 .25 30 13 

2.6 2.8 .0 .34 42 23 

1. 7 3.0 .o .40 43 22 1.6 2.9 .0 .44 68 50 

7.4 2.6 .0 .33 H 19 

.9 2.9 .0 1.4_ 47 32 

.9 3.2 .0 .50 66 49 

1.4 1.8 .0 . 57 27 8.9 

1.4 3.5 .o .30 1141 9.9 

1.9 5.9 .0 .05 43 13 

3.0 1.8 .0 .25 38 13 

2. 5 1.9 .0 . 32 54 20 

2.0 2.1 .0 .33 39 15 

3.1 1.5 .1 . 25 131 - 131 

1.4 .9 .0 .0 20 7.9 

1.5 6.0 .0 .06 40 8.3 

4.5 4.2 .7 1.9 53 18 

3. 9 2.9 .0 .97 44 16 

4.0 2.6 .0 .57 48 20 

3.3 3.1 .0 .38 58 32 

2.9 2.1 .1 . 31 43 17 

3.2 2.1 .0 1.2 43 14 
Equlnlents per million 

East Amicalola Creek at Juno _______________ June 10, 194L ___ 26 ------ ----- ------- ------ 0.075 0.049 0.061 0.026 0.131 0.023 0.028 0.000 0.002 ______ l _______ Echeconnce Creek near Macon ______________ {Mar. 20, 1937 ____ 4,430 ------ ------ ------- ------ .110 .074 .104 .041 .197 .060 .034 .000 . 007 ------- -------- Mar. 25, 1937 ____ 404 ------ ------ ------- ------ .150 .123 .196 .038 . 361 .058 .073 .000 .003 ------- -------- Etowah River near Dawsonville _____________ Sept. 5, 194L ____ 84 ------ ------ ------- ------ .130 .082 .057 .028 . 213 .033 .028 .000 . 002 ------- -------- Etowah River at Canton ____________________ Apr. 1, 1937_ ____ 1, 280 ----.-- ------ ------- ------ .140 .082 .091 .020 .230 .044 .028 .005 . 003 ------- --------

Etowah River near Cartersville 10 ____________ 1938--39 .. --------- 1,3~ ------ ------ ------- ------ .200 .107 .. 122 .026 .361> .067 .042 .000 .003 ------- -------- Etowah River near Kingston ______________ .. _ Mar. 30, 1937 ____ 2,600 ------ ------ ------- ------ .319 .206 .096 .026 . 541 .062 .040 .000 .004 ------- -------- Etowah River at Rome ______________________ May 14, 194L ___ 1, 020 .549 . 354 .104 .026 . 951 .046 .051 .000 .016 ------- -------- Euharlee Creek at Rockmart _______ ~-------- Apr. 19, 1938 ____ .898 .428 .100 1.311 .062 .040 .000 .012 ------- -------- Fishing Creek near Milledgeville ____________ Jan. 19, 1938 _____ • 354 .312 .396 .049 . 705 .117 .282 .000 .003 ------- --------

Flint River near Griffin ______________________ {Mar. 13, 1937__ __ 332 ------ ------ ------- ------ .200 .115 .170 .020 . 377 .048 .056 .000 .006 ------- -------- Apr. 9, 1937 _____ 1, 920 ------ ------ ------- ------ .140 .099 .109 .026 . 279 .044 .034 .000 .007 ------- -------- Flint River near Culloden ___________________ Apr.10, 1937 ____ 9,840 ------ ------ ------- ------ .120 .090 .113 .028 .230 .048 .045 .005 .010 ------- -------- Flint River at Montezuma __________________ Jan. 20, 1938 _____ 2, 340 ------ ------ ------- ------ .170 .099 .100 . 031 .262 .050 .070 .000 .004 ------- -------- Flint River at Oakfield ______________________ Jan. 21, 1938 _____ 2, 930 ------ ------ ------- ------ .329 .123 .135 .031 .426 .054 .079 .000 .006 ------- -------- Flint River at Albany _________ • _____________ Jan. 19, 1938 _____ 4,060 ------ ------ ------- ------ . 349 .099 .156 . 015 .492 .035 . 085 .000 .006 

------r------ Flint River at Bainbridge ___________________ Dec. 9, 1937 _____ 5, 540 .898 .107 .139 .026 .984 . 033 .082 .000 .007 ------- -------- Hannahatchee Creek at Omaha ______________ May 27, 1938 ____ .264 .107 .122 .262 .154 .073 .000 .00.5 ------- -------- Ichawaynochaway Creek at Milford _________ May 21, 194L ___ 270 . 549 .099 .0391 .018 .574 .019 .082 .000 .023 ------- -------- Ichawaynochaway Creek near Newton ______ Jan. 18, 1938 _____ 900 .898 .074 .122 .010 . 951 .019 .090 .000 .008 ------- -------- Jacks Creek at Monroe _______________________ Sept. 21, 1938 ____ ---567-- ------ ------ ------- ------ .105 .074 .122 . 213 .029 .051 .000 

.009 r-----r------ Little Ocmulgee River at Towns _____________ Apr. 3, 1937 _____ .125 .074 .126 .020 .164 .029 .099 .000 .005 ------- -------- Little River near AdeL __________ ·---------- May 24, 1941.. ___ 9. 6 .200 .066 .135 .018 .180 .040 . 166 .000 . 001 ------- -------- Little Tallapoosa River at Carrollton ________ Mar. 24, 1937 ____ 178 .155 .099 .130 .031 .311 .062 .051 .000 .004 ------- -------- Long Cane Creek near La Grange ___________ May 16, 1938 ____ .235 .164 .191 .028 .508 .052 .054 .000 . 005 ------- --------

Middle Oconee River near Athens---------~- Nov. 30, 1937.... __ 280 ------ ------ ------- ------ .150 .148 :148 .041 . 344 .042 .059 .000 .0051 ______ T ______ Mill Creek at Dalton ________________________ Jan. 5, 1940 ______ 1. 797 .822 .052 2. 557 .064 .042 .005 . 004 ------- -------- Monntaintown Creek near Ellijay ___________ May 16, 194L ___ 36 .100 .058 .061 .018 .164 .029 .025 .000 .000 ------- ---- --- Ochlockonee River near Thomasville ________ Dec. 8, 1937 _____ 406 .060 .107 .161 .020 .131 . 031 .169 .000 .001 ------- -------- Ocmulgee River near Jackson ________________ June 19, 194L ___ 368 ------ ------ ------- ------ .220 .140 .265 .056 . 393 .094 .118 . 037 . 031 ------- --------

· Ocmulgee River at Macon"----------------- 1937-38__________ 2, 573 ------ ______ _______ ______ .180 .132 .200 .041 .361 .081 .082 .000 

.016 r-----r------ Ocmulgee River at Abbeville_------------· __ Apr. 7, 1937 .. ____ 8, 480 ______ ______ _______ ______ . 284 .123 .148 .026 .410 .083 .073 .000 .009 ------- -------- Ocmulgee River at Lumber City ____________ Nov.10, 1937 ____ 3,000 _________________________ .499 .140 .165 .044 .639 .069 .087 .000 .006 ------- -------- Oconee River at Athens _____________________ Nov. 15, 1940 _______________________ "~" ____________ .195 .148 .165 .031 .410 .060 . 059 .005 . 005 ------- -------- Oconee River near Greensboro _______________ June 2, 1937 _____ 1,030 ______ ------~------- ------ .155 .123 .161 .031 .344 .067 .059 .000 . 019 ------- --------

' 0 Average of analyses of composites of daily samples (see pp. 36Q-361). n Large proportion of organic matter; sum of mineral constituents 25 parts. 11 Includes equivalent of 5.9 parts of carbonate (COs). t• Average of analyses of composites of daily samples (see pp. 362-363). 

c 

~ ~ ..... 

~ c 

P4 

~ 

~ 

~ 

U1 

c::j 

~ 

"'i 

Q 

~ 

j 

U1 

0 

"'l 

0 

g 

s 

> 

~ 

-l 

01 
Source 

Oconee River at Milledgeville"-------------- Oconee River at Dublin ___ ------------------ Oconee River near Mount Vernon ___________ 

Ogeechee River near Louisville_------------- Ogeechee River at Scarboro __________________ 

Ogeechee River near Eden"-----------------

Ohoopee River near Reidsville _______________ Oostanaula River at Resaca __________________ Oostanaula River at Rome ___________________ Potato Creek above Thomaston _____________ 

Sandy Creek near Athens ____________________ 

Satilla River near Waycross"---------------

Satilla River at Atkinson_-------------------

Savannah River at Augusta ____ ------------- Savannah River at Stoney Bluff Landing ____ 

Savannah River near Clyo ___________________ 

Savannah River near Olyo "----------------- Scarecom Creek at Hinton ___________________ Seventeenmile Creek near Douglas ___________ Soque River near Demorest_ _________________ 

South River near McDonough _______________ Spring Creek near Iron City _________________ Suwannee River at Fargo ____________________ 

Sweetwater Creek near Austell ______________ Tired Creek near Cairo ______________________ 

Tobesofkee Creek near Macon _______________ 

Tugaloo River near HartwelL---------------

Withlacoochee River near Quitman __________ Yellow River at Porterdale __________________ 

TABLE 22.-:-Analyses of surface wate1·s of Georgia-Continued 

Paris per million 

Dis- I Sus- Mag- Po- Cal- So- BlearDate charge P:~d- Color Silica Iron cium ne- dium tas- bonate (second- mat- (SiO,) (Fe) sium sium 

feet) ter (Ca) (Mg) (Na) (K) (HCOs) 

------------· ----· -------- -~- --- I937-38 __________ 2,863 173 8 16 0.05 4.1 1.8 5.1 1.7 27 

Nov. 9, 1937 . ., .. 1,960 40 10 14 .06 5. 4 2.1 5. 2 2.0 27 

_____ do~---------- 2,130 54 12 14 .12 6.8 1.8 4.0 1.8 34 

Dec. 5, I937 ..... 421 4 I6 I3 . 42 2.8 1.4 3. 3 1.0 l6 Dec. 4, I937 _____ 745 3 25 I3 .39 9.2 1.3 2.9 1.0 33 

I937-38_- -------- I,844 7 50 II .27 7. 5 1.2 3. 7 .8 27 Dec. 3, I937 _____ I44 4 36 I2 . I3 4.2 l.I 2.9 .8 I4 M~tr. 3I, I937 ____ 2, 240 11 4 7. 7 .02 9.0 2.4 1.8 .9 39 

May 14, I94L ... 871 28 9 7.9 .01 I4 3. 6 2. 5 .8 63 Apr. IO, 1937 ____ 744 54 14 5.6 .04 2.2 1.0 2.5 1.2 I2 

May IO, I938 .... -------- ------ I2 I2 . I2 2.9 1.5 3.0 1.5 20 

I937~38 .. -------- 457 10 90 5.8 .08 1.6 1.0 3.8 .7 5. 7 

Nov. II, I937 .... 324 6 90 8.0 . I2 1.4 !.I 4.2 .6 5.0 Nov. 3, I937 _____ -------- 397 I2 10 .07 2.4 1.4 3. I 1.5 16 . _ ... do ___________ I25 I4 9.0 .05 2.9 1.5 2.8 1.6 I6 

. _. __ do ___________ I8, 600 77 I4 8.8 .06 3.4 1.2 3.0 1.6 I6 I938-39 __________ II, 240 82 13 II .05 4.3 1.3 3. 4 1.2 22 Aug. 29, I94L ___ 7.6 7 6 I2 .10 3.2 1.4 1.9 1.7 I7 Apr. 6, 1937 ______ 650 16 91 3.2 .05 2.0 .9 3.0 .-!!' 6.0 

Sept. 6, 1941. ..... 77 21 6 II .03 1.8 .9 1.5 1.0 II 

June 19. I94L ___ 154 62 6 I6 .06 5.6 1.9 8. 3 2.6 20 Jan. 18, I938 _____ 363 5 12 4.9 .06 34 1.0 2.8 .5 109 Apr. 2I, I937 ____ 5, 930 4 360 1.6 .02 2.8 1.4 4. 6 1.7 3.0 

Mar. 25, 1937 .... 435 28 14 14 .14 4. 3 1.7 3.4 1.0 23 May 20, I94L ___ -------- 12 35 7. 7 .02 4.5 .9 2. 3 . 8 15 

{Mar. 20, I937. ___ 2,. 1, 606 25 7.2 .23 2.0 .9 4.0 2.0 15 Mar. 25, I937 ____ 40 18 13 .13 2.8 1.2 4. I 1.8 I9 June 23, 1941. ___ 502 4 7 II .08 2. 2 .9 2.8 1.0 14 Apr. 22, I937 ____ 1, 390 13 56 5.21 .II 1.4 1.6 3.0 .9 9.0 SeJ')t. I3, 1938 ____ 5 14 .02 3. 3 1.2 5.4 I 24 

I i ' I 

"" "'-l 

0) 

Total Total 

Sui- Chlo- Flu- Ni- hardfate ride oride trate dissolved ness (SO,) (Cl) (F) (NOs) solids as caco, 

a 

~ 8 

Sl 

ttl ---------------

2.9 3.2 0.0 ·1. 2 51 I8 3. 7 4. 2 .0 2.0 55 22 2.9 2.9 .o .24 .54 24 1.7 4.0 .0 .08 40 I3 

§ 

~ rJl 1.3 4.0 .o .10 56 28 8 2. 5 4. 3 .0 .18 59 24 0 1.6 4.8 .0 .06 46 15 3. 3 1.2 .o .29 44 32 ~ 2.4 2.2 .o .60 63 50 ~ 

2.1 1.8 .1 . 36 32 9.6 tl 

, 2.3 2.0 .0 .60 37 I3 0 2.0 6. I . 0 . I3 '49 8. I 

2. I 7.0 .o . I2 17 51 8.0 2.5 2.0 .o .18 34 I2 2.9 2.2 .0 .16 34 13 

8 

~ 

2.9 2. 5 .0 .20 36 13 

3.0 2.4 .0 . 34 4I 16 

0 

":l 

2. 5 1.1 . I .10 33 14 1.4 3.8 .0 .50 '38 8. 7 

1.4 1.1 .1 .20 24 8.2 

~ 

..., 

~ 

5.8 7. 5 2.0 5.4 67 22 

1.1 3. 2 .0 .28 102 89 t<l 

ti 1.3 7.8 .4 .25 "106 13 

4.1 1.8 .0 .. 40 42 I8 

1.0 3.6 .0 .30 36 15 

rJi 

>-:3 

> 3.2 1.5 .1 .40 42 8. 7 

2.3 2.8 .1 .37 40 12 

2.1 1.4 .1 .23 29 9.2 

;5 

Jr> 1.4 6.0 .4 . 36 1! 44 10 

I 1.61 2.1 .o .82 42 13 .... 

~ ~ 

""' .... "- v~. 

I 

II> 

. 
EquiY&Ients per million 

Oconee River at Milledgeville"------------- 1937-38 .......... 2,863 ------ Oconee River at Dublin.-------------------- Nov. 9, 1937 ••. -- 1,960 ------ Oconee River near Mount Vernon ____ : ______ _____ do ___________ 2,130 ------ Ogeechee River near Louisville ________ : _____ Dec. 5, 1937 _____ 421 ------ Ogeechee River at Scarboro _______________ · ___ Dec.4, 1937 ..... 745 ------

Ogeechee River near Eden"·---------------- 1937-38 __________ 1,844• ------ Ohoopee River near Reidsville ..... ---------- Dec.~ 1937 _____ 144 ------ Oostanaula River at Resaca ....•... ---------- Mar. 1, 1937 ..•. 2, 240 ------ Oostanaula River at Rome ___________________ May 14, 1941. ___ 871 ------ Potato Creek above Thomaston ..• ---------- Apr.10, 1937 .... 744 ------

·Sandy Creek near Athens ____________________ May 10, 1938 ____ ------ Satilla River near Waycross"--------------- 1937-38 •.. ------- 457 ------ Satilla River at Atkinson .... ---------------- Nov. 11, 1937.~-- 324 ------ Savannah R.lver at Augusta _________________ Nov; 3, 1937 _____ -------- ------ Savannah River at Sto~ey Blufi .Landing.~-- ..... do _________ .. -------- ------

Savannah River near Clyo ___________________ ..... do ___________ 18,600 ------ Savannah River near Clyo 18 _________________ 1938-39. _________ 11,240 ------ Scarecorn Creek at Hinton ... ---------------- Aug. 29, 1941. ... 7.6 

Seventeenmile Creek near Douglas ___________ Apr. 6, 1937 ..•.. 650 ------ Soque River near Demorest __________________ Sept. 6, 1941. ____ 77 ------

South River near McDonough ______ : _______ : June 19, 1941. ... 154 ------ Spring Creek near Iron City _________________ Jan. 18, 1938 ..... 363 ------ Suwannee River at Fargo ____________________ Apr. 21, 1937 .... 5,930 ------ Sweetwater Creek near AustelL ... ---------- Mar. 25, 1937 .... 435 ------ Tired Creek near Cairo ______________________ May 20, 1941. ... -------- ------

Tobesofkee Creek near Macon. ______________ {Mar. 20, 1937 .... 2,490 ------ Mar. 25, 1937 .... 406 ------ 'J'ugaloo River near HartwelL--------------- June 23, 1941.--- / 502 ------ Withlacoochee River near Quitman __________ Apr. 2~ 1937 .... 1, 300 ------ Yellow River at Porterdale------------------- Sept.l , 1938 .. _. -------- ------

• Large proportion of orgll!lic_matter; sum of mineral constituents 24 parts. • Large proportion of organic matter; sum of mineral constituents 19 parts. II Large proportion of organic matter; sum of mineral constituents 25 parts. I< Average of analyses of composites of daily samples (see pp. 364-365). " lo. verage of analyses of composites of daily samples (see pp. 366-367). · 

------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- __ , ____ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ____ .. _ -------

------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ -------

------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ -------

------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ -------

------ ------- ------ ----~---

------ ------- ··----- ------- ------ -------

______ 10.205 0.148 10.222 0.044 0.443 0.060 0.090 0.000 0.019 ------- ------ .270 .173 .226 .051 .i(3 .007 .118 .000 .032 ------- ------ .339 .148 .174 .046 . 557 .060 .082 .000 .004 ------- ------ .140 .115 .144 .026 .262 .035 .113 .000 .001 ------- ------ .459 .107 .126 .026 . 541 .027 .113 .000 .002 -------

------ .374 .099 .161 .020 .443 .052 .121 .000 .003 ------- ------ .210 .000 .126 .020 .230 .033 .135 .000 .001 ------- ------ .449 .197 .078 .023 .639 .069 .034 .000 .005 ------- ------ .600 .296 .109_ .020 1.033 .050 .062 .000 .010 ------- ------ .110 .082 .109 .031 .197 .044 .051 .005 .006 -------

------ .145 .123 .130 .038 .328 .048 .056 .000 .010 ------- ------ .080 .082 .165 .018 .093 . . 042 .172 .000 .002 ------- ------ .. 070 .000 .183 .015 .082 .044 .197 .000 .002 ------- ------ .120 .115 .135 .038 .262 .052 .056 .000 .003 ------- ------ .145 .123 .122 .041 .262 .060 .062 .000 .003 -------

------ .170 .099 .130 .041 .262 .060 .070 .000 .003 ------- ------ .215 .107 .148 .031 .361 .062 .068 .000 .006 ------- ------ .160 .115 .083 .043 .279 .052 .031 .005 .002 ------- .100 .074 .130 .023 .098 .029 .107 .000 .008 ------- ------ .090 ;074 .065 .026 .180 .029 .031 .005 .003 -------

------ .280 .156 .361 .066 .328 .121 .212 .105 .087 ------- ------ 1.697 .082 .122 .013 1. 787 .023 .000 .000 .004 -------

------ .140 .115 .200 .044 .049 . 027 .220 .021 .004 ------- ------ .215 .140 .148 .026 .377 .085 .051 .000 .006 ---~----

------ .225 .074 .ioo .020 .246 .021 .102 .000 .005 -------

------ .100 .074 .174 .051 .246 .067 .042 .005 .006 ------- ------ .140 .099 .178 .046 . 311 .048 .079 .Q05 .006 ------- ------ .110 .074 .122 .026 .230 .044 .040 .005 .004 ------- ------ .070 .132 .130 .023 .148 .029 .169 .021 .006 ------- ------ .165 .099 .235 .393 .033 .059 .000 .013 ------- I 

10 Average of analyses of composites of daily samples (see P{l· 368-369). · " Large proportion of organic matter; sum of mineral constituents 27 parts. 18 Average of analyses of composites of daily samples (see pp. 370-371). 1i Large proportion of organic matter; sum of mineral constituents 23 parts. 

-----

--------

--------

-------- a 

II: -------- l'!l 

~ -------- ..... -------- a --------

-------- > t"' 

-------- a 

-------- ~ 

-------- ~ > --------

-------- a 

l'!l -------- 1:0 -------- 0 -------- "'l --------

-------- Ul 

c1 -------- 1:0 -------- 1.-j 

-------- > --------

-------- a 

l'!l 

--------

--------

--------

_____ ,_ __ ; 

~' 

-------- Ul 

0 

"'l 

0 

l'!l 

~ ~-

' 

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-..1 

INDEX 

Page Abstract __ :___________________________________ 317 

Acknowledgment•-------------------------- 318,324 

Alapaha River ___ -------------------------- 372,373 Altamaha River, description of_______________ 342 discharge oL _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 342, 352---353, 372, 373 sampling station on_______________________ 348 

water from, analyses oL _ _ _ _ 337, 352-353, 372, 373 temperature of__ ____________________ 326,352 

Amicalola Creek ____________________________ 372,373 

Analyses of water ___________________ 337-338,348-377 

Apalachee River--------c------------------- 372,373 Appalachian Highlands, features oL-----~- 318-319 

Atkinson, Satilla River at __________ 346,347,376, 37i 

Atlantic Plain, features of____________________ 319 

Beaverdam Creek __________________________ 372,373 

Big Creek-------------~-------------------- 372,373 Blue Ridge province, features of______________ 319 Brier Creek ________________________________ 372,373 

Broad River _________________________________ 372,373 Burnt Fork ________________________________ 372,373 

Canoochee River ___________________________ 372,373 

Cartecay River _____________________________ 372,373 

Cartersville, Etowah River near______________ 330, 

337, 344,360-361,374, 375 sampling station near____________________ 349 Cedar Creek ________________________________ 372,373 

Chattahoochee River, description of__________ 343 

discharge of__ _______________ 343,354-359,372,373 

sampling stations on ______________ .________ 349 

water from, analyses oL _ _ _ _ 337, 354--359, 372, 373 temperature oL ________ 327-329,354,356,358 

Chattooga River (Mobile River Basin) _____ 372, 373 ()hattooga River (Savannah River Basin) __ 372, 373 Chestatee River ____________________________ 372,373 

Chickasawhatchee Creek ___________________ 372,373 

Climate, of the area_----------------------- 320-322 relation of, to quality of water____________ 320 

Clyo, sampling station near ________________ 349-350 

Savannah River near_____________________ 334, 

' 338, 347-348, 37Q-371, 376, 377 Coahuila Creek _____________________________ 372,373 

Coastal Plain province, features of.___________ 319 

Color of water------·----------------------- 339-340 

See also names of streams. Columbia, Ala., Chattahoochee River at_____ 343, 

358-359 

Columbus, Ga., Chattahoochee River at_____ 328, 

337, 343, 356-357, 372, 373 sampling station at_______________________ 349 Conasauga River ___________________________ 372,373 

Coosa River ________________________________ 372,373 

Coosawattee River ____________ ------------ 372,373 

Cumberland Plateau, features of______________ 319 

Davis, F. H., analyses by __________________ 360-361 

Dikes Creek-------------------------------- 372,373 Discharge, records oL________________________ 324 

See atso names of streams. Doctortown, Altamaha River at______________ 326 337, 342, 352---353, 372, 373 sampling station at_______________________ 348 

Drainage of the area _____ ------------------- 342---348 Dried Indian Creek·--------"-------------- 372,373 

East Amicalola Creek ______________________ 374,375 

Echeconnee Creek __________________________ 374,375 

Eden, Ogeechee River near___________________ 332, 

338, 346,' 366-367, 376, 377 sampling station near_____________________ 349 

Etowah River, description of_________________ 344 discharge of _________________ 344, 36o-361, 374, 375 sampling station on_______________________ 349 water from, analyses of _____ 337, 36o-361, 374,375 temperature of ______________________ 330,360 

Page Euharlee Creek _____________________________ 374,375 

Fishing Creek ______________________________ 374,375 

Flint River _________________________________ 374,375 

Hannahatchee Creek _______________________ 374,375 

Hardness of water.__________________________ 339 

See also names of streams. Hilton, Chattahoochee River near____________ 329, 

337, 343, 358-359, 372, 373 sampling station near______________________ 349 

Ichawaynochaway Creek ___________________ 374,375 

Jacks Creek _________________ c ______________ 374,375 

Lamar, W. L., analyses by _________________ 352-377 Little Ocmulgee River ______________________ 374,375 

Little River __ ----"------------------------- 374,375 Little Tallapoosa River _____________________ 374,375 

Long Cane Creek ___________________________ -374,375 

Lumber City, Ocmulgee River at _______ 344, 374,375 

Macon, Ocmulgee River at___________________ 331, 

338, 345,362-363, 374, 375 sampling station at_______________________ 349 

Middle Oconee River _______________________ 374,375 Mill Creek _________________________________ 374,375 

Milledgeville, Oconee River at_ _______________ 33~, 

345, 364--365, 376, 377 sampling station at_______________________ 349 

Minerals in water_'---------------- 335--338,352-377 Mount Vernon, Oconee River near_---- 345, 376, 377 Mountaintown Creek ______________________ 374,375 

Ness, A. T., analyses by ____________ 352-355, 36o-377 

Ochlockonee River _________________________ 374,375 

Ocmulgee River, description of _____________ 344--345 discharge oL _______________ 344,362---363,374,375 

sampling station on_______________________ 349 water from, analyses oL ____ 338,362---363,374, 375 temperature oL ____________________ 331; 362 

Oconee River, description of__________________ 345 discharge of _________ 345,-364--365,374,375,376,377 

sampling station on_______________________ 349 water f;rom, analyses of.__________________ 338 

364--365, 374, 375, 376, 377 temperature of_______________________ 364 

Ogeechee River, description of ______________ 345--346 

discharge oL ______ --------- 346,366-367,376, 377 

salinity oL _ ------------------------------ 346 sampling station on _____ ._________________ 349 

water from, analyses oL ____ 338,366-367,376,377 

temperature oL ____ ---------------- 332,366 Ohoopee River _____________________________ 376,377 

Oostanaula River __________________________ 376,377 

Organic matter in water ________________ 340,346,347 

Oxygen consumed____________________________ 340 

See also names of streams. 

Physiography of the area ___________________ 318-319 

Piedmont province, features of_ ____________ 318-319, Potato Creek _______________________________ 376,377 

Precipitation in th9 area ________________ 320,322,324 

Purpose of the investigation ________________ 317-318 

Rocks of the area ___ -------- 319. 342, 343, 344,345, 347 Rome, Etowah River at_ _______________ 344,374,375 

Salt-water intrusion_----------------------- 346,348 Samples, collection and examination of.______ 323, 

324, 348-31)0 Sampling stations, location of. _____________ 348-:-350 

Sandy Creek_------------------------------ 376,377 

3.79 
380 INDEX 

Page 

Satilla River, description of ________________ 341Hl47 

discharge oL~------------- 346,368-369,376,377 1 sampling ~tation on ______ , _____ .)__________ 349 

water from, analyses of_ _ _ _ _ 338, 368-369, 376, 377 

temperature of ______________________ 333,368 

Savannah River, description of- ____________ 347-348 

discharge oL _______________ 347, 371l-371, 376,377 

salinity oL_______________________________ 348 

sampling station on ____________________ 349-350 

water from, analyses oL ____ 338, 371l-371, 376,377 temperature oL ____________________ 334,370 

. Scarecorn Creek---------------------------- 376,377 Seegmiller, C. G., analyses by______ 356-359, 372-i177 Seventeenmfie Creek _______________________ 376,377 

Stream 

i~tl ~=~=============================== flow, records of-______________________ !~i:i~ 324 

&e al3o names of streams. Suspended matter in water _________________ 341-342 

&e al3o names of streams. Suwannee River ____________________________ 376,377 

Sweetwater Creek_________________________ 376,377 

Page 

Temperature, of air------------------------- 321l-321 

of water-------------------------------- 325-334 

&e al3o names of streams. Tired Creek-------------------------------- 376,377 Tobesofkee Creek __________________________ 376,377 

Tugaloo River ______________________________ 376,377 

Valley and Ridge province, features oL------ 319 

Vinings, Chattahoochee River near___________ 327, 

337, 343, 354-3_55, 372, 373 sampling station near _________ ,___________ 349 

Water, composition of ______________________ 33fh'l42, 

343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348-377 

quality or, relation of climate to__________ 320 

samples of, collection and examination oL 323, 

324, 348-350 temperature of __________________________ 32~34 

See also names of streams. Waycross, sampling station near______________ 349 

Satilla River near________________________ 333, 

338, 346-347, 368-369, 376, 377- Withlacoochee River _______________________ 376,377 

Talvitie, N. A., analyses by-------_ 36D-361, 3iD-371 Yellow River _______________________________ 376,37 

0