SMITHSONIA N CONTRIBUTION S T O ANTHROPOLOG Y • NUMBE R 3 1 

The Great Tzotzil Dictionary 

of Santo Domingo Zinacantan 

with Grammatical Analysis 

and Historical Commentary 

VOLUME II: English-Tzotzil 

Robert M. Laughlin 

with John B. Haviland 

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS 

Washington, D.C. 

1988 
Contents 

VOLUME II 

Page 

English-Tzotzil Dictionary v 

Foreword vi 

English-Tzotzil 357 

English-Tzotzil Thesaurus 483 

Outline 483 

Thesaurus 485 
English-Tzotzil Dictionary 

Pictograph of Santo Domingo 

(Codex Aubin) 
Foreword 

The English-Tzotzil section of this dictionary is connposed of an alphabetical list, which 

then generates the Thesaurus. 

On the presumption that the cultural context of this dictionary is more readily available 

to anthropologists, historians, and linguists if presented in a thesaurus, I have modified 

Joe R. Campbell's Nahuatl adaptation of Voegelin and Voegelin's Hopi domains: I have 

added a section not normaUy included in cultiu-al schemes, but which the Tzotzil show 

to be an important and tantalizing one for understanding culture—^metaphoric expression. 

When consulting the English-Tzotzil section and the Thesaurus, the reader should be 

aware that the Tzotzil terms are given in the abbreviated form found in the Tzotzil-English 

presentation, i.e., with noun and adjective stems stripped of possession and plural markers 

and verb stems stripped of person, tense aspect, and plural markers. Accordingly, for a 

full rendering of many Tzotzil terms, the reader must consult the grammatical analysis 

to supply the missing affixes; e.g., king, given as "ba 'ojov," would appear in actual usage 

as "5^a'oy<9v," and courtesan, "ta tz'el 'ojov xanav," as "tastz'el'ojov xxanav." 

The alphabetical list of English-Tzotzil is indexed to the Thesatuns; in the former, literal 

translations are enclosed in brackets. 
English-Tzotzil 

abandon 

abandoned 

ability 

able 

abort 

above 

abrasive 

absent 

absolve 

absorb 

absorbed 

abstinence 

abundance 

abundant 

abusive 

abyss 

accept 

accident 

accompany 

accord 

account 

accumulate 

accumulated 

accusation 

accuse 

ache 

'iktay lOD, 21B. 

abandon one's town: kom ta na 19,21B; *lu 

19,21B. 

'iktaybil lOD, 21B; komesbil lOD, 21B. 

pasel 16C; pasel ba 16C. 

be able: Hu' 16C; Hu' 'u'un 16C. 

'et'es 18A, 18C, 18E, 33; yal 'u'un 18A, 

18C, 18E, 33; yales 18A, 18C, 18E, 33. 

'ak'ol 4; *kuy 4; *kuyik 4. 

k'ok' [hot] 14G, 16K. 

mo k'uluk 4; mo nakluk 4. 

absent one's self: bal 9A1; lok' 9A1. 

ch'ay mul 35C; ch'aybey 35C; ch'aybey 

mul 35C. 

'ul IC. 

be absorbed: *ul IC. 

be absorbed (as when rain is absorbed into 

the ground): 'uch' 1C,9E; 'uch'li 1C,9E. 

tojol ve'el 35C. 

nojel 12. 

'ep 12; laal 12; pim 12; *xol 12. 

become abundant: 'epaj 12; pimij 12. 

make abundant: 'ak' pimijuk 12; pimijes 12. 

abusive person: k'ak'al vinik [hot person] 

14G, 161. 

become abusive: k'ak'ub [become hot] 14G, 

161, 20A. 

lajeb 'olon IB; lajeb 'ut IB. 

'ich' lOB. 

accept advice or reproach: 'a'i lOB, 16F. 

by accident: Ha' no *ox yalal 17. 

chi'in 16D; lak'in 16D; nupin 16D. 

of one accord: ko'ol 11. 

'atel 27. 

tzob lOB. 

kunul lOB. 

k'oplal 20A. 

accusation that must be made: jambol 20A. 

accusation to be made: 'albol 20A. 

'al 20A; jam [open] 14, 20A. 

accuse another falsely of one's own crime: 

lajes mul la tojol 20A. 

'ip ma' 33; nakbal 33. 

aches and pains: bak'el 33. 

acid 

acolyte 

acorn 

acquaint 

across 

adam 

add 

addition 

address 

administer 

administration 

admire 

admit 

adobe 

adopt 

adopted 

adorn 

adorned 

adulterer 

adulteress 

adultery 

advance 

advanced 

advantageous 

adversity 

advice 

feel aches and pains: bak' 'osil 'a'i [feel the 

earth move] 14E, 33. 

ch'a 8D. 

(unripe fruit): sapap 8D. 

jtak'beyej-misa 15A1, 35A. 

chochob 5A. 

acquaint oneself with: *a'i tojol 11; na'bey 

tojol 11. 

ta xokon 4. 

place across: k'atan 9B. 

adam's apple: 'avanabil [shouter] 7A, 14; 

p'okan nuk'il 7A; vukvukil 7A. 

p'il 12; p'iles 12. 

add up: 'ak' *'eIo 12; *'elaaj 'u'un 12; 

*'elaajes 12. 

p'ilel 12; p'ilem 12. 

tz'ibaj ta ba 1 lA; tz'ibaj ta pat 11 A; ta 'ak'ol 

tz'ibaj 11 A. 

administer to (giving something to someone): 'et'es IOC. 

good administration: melel 'osil [lined-up 

time] 14E, 20. 

'elavaj 16D; chamolaj 16D; tup'olaj 16D. 

vinajes 11. 

patbil lum 28; xamiti 15B, 28. 

lay or make adobes: ch'ubaj 28; ch'uban 28; 

ch'ubay 28. 

(man): nich'nan 18F. 

(woman): 'alan 18F. 

nich'nanbil 18F. 

tzatzajes 16R, 3 IE; pas 16R, 31E. 

'oy tzatzajel 16R, 31E; tzatzajesbil 16R, 31E. 

mulavej 'ajnilal 18C, 21B; *jxap-'ajnilal 

18C,21B. 

mulavil'ajnilal 18C, 21B. 

(man's): mulavej ta 'ajnilal 18C, 21B. 

(woman's): mulavej ta malalil 18C, 21B. 

commit adultery: mulav ta 'ajnilal 18C, 21B; 

*xap 'ajnilal 18C, 21B. 

ba'yitas 9B. 

object advanced: ba'yitasej 9B. 

be advantageous: 'elmaj yo' 'oy 17; lok' yo' 

'oy 17. 

kisin 15C, 16J; ya 16J. 

request advice: jak' tza 11; k'an tza 11. 

take advice seriously: 'ak' ta 'olonton [put 

357 
358 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

in one's heart] 14B6, 16F. 

advise va'an [stand up] 11, 14. 

advised va'al 11. 

person being advised: va'anej 11. 

adze 'anob te' 26B. 

affair person who has an affair: mulavil 18C. 

afflict 'ak'bey 'il vokol 141, 161; 'ak'bey vokol 

161; 'il vokol 'u'un [see difficulty because 

of] 141, 161; t'inlebey 'olonton [pierce 

one's heart] 14B6, 161. 

person who afflicts us: 'ajval 161. 

affront 'ak' ta namal 16K, 20A; javayel 16K, 20A; 

javayes 16K, 20A; k'exk'onel 16K, 20A; 

namajes 16K, 20A; namal 16K, 20A. 

affronted namajesbil 16M, 20A. 

be affronted: k'exk'on 16M, 20A; namnon 

16M, 20A. 

afraid be afraid: xi' 16J. 

be afraid of: 'ip 'a'i [feel alot] 14C, 16J; xi' 

16J. 

after u'akal 2, 4. 

shortly after: j-'ok' xa 2; j-'ok'uk xa 2. 

afterbirth me' 'olol [mother of child] 7B, 14H, 18A, 

18C. 

afternoon late afternoon: samelsamel 'osil [late late 

time] 2A, 14E. 

again j-mek xa 2; j-mekuk xa 2; ta j-mekeluk xa 2. 

against nakel 4. 

age be of age: ta k'inal 18B. 

be of the same age: ko'ol 'abil 18F; ko'ol 

'epal 'abil 18F; ko'ol ch'i 18F; ko'ol 

ch'iel 18F. 

agemate 'ix ta ch'iel 18F. 

aging (of a woman): me'elubel 18E. 

agitate bak'es 'osil [move the earth] 14E, 2IE. 

agitated greatiy agitated: toj k'ok'k'ok' [very hot] 

140. 

agitator j'ak'-k'op [word-giver] 21E; jbak'esej-'osil 

2IE; jxi'-k'op [he of fearful words] 14J, 

21E; jxi'vanej-k'op [he of fearful words] 

14J, 21E. 

ago a short time ago: j-'ok' to 2. 

long ago: vo'ney 2. 

agree agree on (price, deal): nop k'op [think of 

words] 14J, 27; pas k'op [do words] 14J, 

27. 

agreement tzobol k'op [gathered words] 11,14J; *chanul 

k'op [gathered words] 11, 14J; ch'akeb 

k'op [division of words] 11, 14J; ch'akob 

k'op 11; nopeb k'op 11; tojol 11. 

be in agreement: junjun k'op [single word] 

11, 14J; ko'ol k'op [same word] 11, 14J; 

Ha' no 'ox k'op [just words] 11, 14J. 

illicit agreement: tzobol labal k'op [gathering 

of wicked words] 11,14J, 20. 

in agreement: Hechtik 11. 

aground jok'ol 9A2. 

hard aground: cha'-jok'ol 9A2; cha'-kikil 

9A2. 

place where one runs aground: kiktzajebal 

9A2. 

run aground: kiktzaj 9A2; kikil 9A2. 

run aground (boat, canoe): jok'tzaj 9A2. 

running aground: jok'el 9A2; kiktzajel 9A2. 

ahead ahead of: ta 'ichonil 4. 

be ahead: ba'yi 4. 

get ahead: ba'yi 9A1. 

get ahead of: 'ech' ta be 9A1; ba'yitas ba 

9A1. 

object put ahead of: ba'yitasej 4. 

put ahead of: ba'yitas 9B. 

aid 'abolajel IOC. 

aid the poor or miserable: 'aboltay KXT, 

16A, 21D, 27; koltay IOC, 16A, 21D, 27; 

yain IOC, 16A, 21D, 27. 

come to the aid of: tal IOC, 16A. 

aided koltaybil lOB. 

aim aim well: jav 'u'un 9B, 21E2, 24; satibil bat 

•u'un 9B, 21E2, 24. 

air 'ak' majey 'ik' lA; 'ik' lA. 

airing take an airing: majey lA, 34; majey lum 

[have ground beaten] lA, 14E, 34. 

alabaster xokom IB. 

alcalde alcalde 15A2, 20; jnam-te' [walking stick 

person] 14, 20. 

deputy alcalde: jch'am-alcalde 15A2, 20; 

jlok'tay-alcalde 15A2, 20. 

aUght (candle): kuxlej ID. 

alive kuxul 7C. 

half alive: yalul kuxul 33. 

All All Saints' Day: k'in chame-vinik [dead 

people's fiesta] 14, 18E, 35E. 

All Souls' Day: k'in chame-vinik 18E, 35E. 

all tz'akal 12; *kepel 12; kotol 12; k'otbaj 12; 

pisil 12. 

all-powerful all-powerful person: jvesej kotol 16E, 20. 

be all-powerful: kotol Hu' 'u'un 16E, 20. 

alleviation yamajel 33. 

alloyed 'oy kap 29; kapinbil la sakil tak'in 29. 

ally tasal 2IE. 

alms 'abolajel lOB, 27; 'aboltayvanej lOB, 27. 

give alms: 'abolaj [suffer for] IOC, 14,16A, 

27; 'abolan IOC, 16A, 27; 'aboltay IOC, 

16A, 27; 'aboltayvan IOC, 16A, 27. 

give alms to: 'ak'bey 'aboltayel IOC, 16A, 

27. 

alms-giver j'abolajel IOC, 16A, 27; j'aboltayvanej IOC, 

16A, 27. 
NUMBER 31 

alone 

already 

also 

altar 

always 

amaranth 

amazement 

amber 

ambush 

among 

amongst 

amount 

amusement 

ancient 

and 

angel 

anger 

junjun 7C; juyinom 7C; tuk tuk 7C. 

all alone: *ip 'oy tuk [be very alone] 7C, 14, 

21B; tuktuk 7C, 21B, 

living alone: juyinom ta naklej 21B. 

xa2. 

'ek 12; 'ekuk 12; lok 12; Ha' xa 12; Ha' xa 

lok 12. 

altar 15A1, 35B. 

altar forehangings: tzatzajel altar 15A1, 35B; 

frontal 15A1,35B. 

batel 'osil [with time going] 2, 14E; lajel 

'osil [end of time] 2,14E. 

tz'ul 'itaj 5A. 

yakil 11. 

be struck with amazement: ch'ay 'olonton 

[lose one's heart] 11,14B6. 

struck with amazement: yakyak 11. 

pauchil 29. 

lie in ambush: 'och ta 'abnaltik [enter the 

woods] 14, 21E; 'och ta te'tik [enter the 

woods] 14, 21E; muk ba ta te'tik [bury 

oneself in the woods] 14, 21E. 

lying in ambush: lapal ta 'abnaltik [dressed 

in leaves] 14, 21E; mukul la te'tik 2IE. 

ta tojol 4. 

ta 'ol 4. 

tzoboj tojol 12; k'ot tojol 12. 

lo'il 32; lo'lo k'op 32; maxil [monkeyness] 

14A1, 32; maxil k'op 32. 

poko' 2, 

'ekuk 12; chi'uk 36. 

angel 15Al, 35D. 

angel's salute of the Virgin Mary: k'oponabil 

Santa Maria 'u'un Angel 15A1, 35D. 

'il 16H; 'ilinel 16H. 

(person): 'ak' 'ilinuk 16H; 'ilinoj 16H. 

be justified or reasonable (anger): 'oy tojolil 

16H. 

be provoked to anger: t'abesbil ta 'il 16H. 

be unjustified or unreasonable (anger): mo 

'oyuk tojolil 16H. 

burst with anger: vokan 'olonton ta 'il [have 

one's heart boil with anger] 14B6, 16H. 

conceal one's anger: muk 16H; ten 16H. 

have face redden with anger: chak-paltay ba 

7E, 8F1,16H. 

person quick to anger: toj j-likel j'il 16H. 

provoke to anger: t'abes ta 'il 16H. 

provoked lo anger: likesbil ta 'il 16H. 

provoker of anger: jt'abesvanej ta 'il 16H. 

redden with anger (face): chak-paltay 7E, 

8F1, 16H. 

seeUie with anger: loklon 'olonton [have 

one's heart roar] 14B6, 16H. 

angle 

angrily 

angry 

anguish 

anguished 

animal 

ankle 

announce 

annoy 

annoyed 

annoymg 

annual 

annually 

anoint 

another 

answer 

ant 

359 

unjustified or unreasonable anger: naka 'il 

16H. 

with face red with anger: chak-palan ba 7C, 

8F1. 

right angle: escuadra 12, 15A8, 28B; p'is 

12, 28B. 

look angrily: *keman sat k'el 8F, 16H. 

'ip k'ak'al 16H; k'ok' [hot] 14G, 16H. 

angry person: j'il 16H; j'iletel 16H; jk'ak'al-

'olonton [hot-hearted person] 14B6,14G, 

16H. 

be angry: 'ilin 'olonton [have one's heart 

scold] 14B6, 16H; maymonet 16H; van 

16H; vanvonet 16H. 

become angry: 'ilin 16H; tzajub [redden] 

14D1, 16H; k'ak'ub [become hot] 14G, 

16H. 

become angry with: 'ilin 16H; 'ilin ta tojol 

16H. 

ya 16J. 

be anguished by sickness or loss: kisnaj 

15C, 16J, 21B; yaij 16J, 21B. 

ensnared animal: yokil 6. 

in reference to animals: j-kot 6, 12A. 

*mokolil 7A. 

announce fasts, prayers, and other good 

things: 'ak' 'il 35C. 

anounce fasts, prayers, and other good 

things: 'ak' na'uk 35C. 

tzajal-'ik' [call red] 14D1, 16H, 161, 16J; 

me'anajes 16H, 161; yayaubes 16H, 161. 

person who annoys: jme'anajesvanej 16H, 

161. 

be annoyed: maymonet 16H, 161; van 16H, 

161; vanvonet 16H, 161. 

be annoyed by: yaya 'a'i 16H, 161. 

toj ya 16H, 161. 

'abilal 2B. 

annual office holder: 'abilal jch'akel 20. 

office holder (alcalde): ju-jun 'abil jch'akel 

20. 

ta ju-jun 'abil 2B. 

ju' aceite 15A1, 35C; ju'bey aceite ta bek'tal 

15A1, 35C; t'ab 35C; t'abbey pox ta 

bek'tal 35C. 

j-*kem 8G; j-jech 8G; yan 'oy 8G. 

answer a letter: *pakxin k'exol Hun 11 A; 

pas k'exol Hun 11 A. 

xinich 6E. 

ant mound: bus xinich 6E. 

ant nest: na xinich 6E. 

arboreal ant: bak xinich 6E. 

army ant: ba te' 6E. 

leaf-cutter ant (that does much damage to 
360 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

anus 

anvil 

anxiety 

anxious 

apart 

apiary 

apiece 

apologize 

apologizer 

apology 

apostate 

appear 

appearance 

appease 

apple 

appoint 

appointment 

appraisal 

appraise 

appraised 

appraiser 

approach 

arbor 

arch 

trees and plants): k'is 6E. 

leaf-cutter ant mound: bus k'is 6E. 

chakil 7A; sot'ot'il 7A. 

me' tenob tak'in [moUier of metal beater] 

14H, 28B, 29. 

bak'el 'olonton [heart movement] 14B6, 

16J; bik'tajel 'olontonil [reduction of the 

heart] 14B6,14F2,16J; k'opk'onel 'olonton [chattering of Uie heart] 14B6, 14J, 

16J; k'uxul 'osil [painful time] 14E, 16J; 

me'anajel 'osil [sorrowful time] 14E, 16J. 

be anxious: bak' 'olonton [have one's heart 

move] 14B6, 16J; bik'taj 'olonton 16J; 

jik' 'olonton [have one's heart sigh] 

14B6, 16J; k'opk'on 'olonton 16J; k'unlaj [die slowly] 14, 16J; k'ux 'olonton 

[have a painful heart] 14B6,16J; me'anaj 

'osil 'a'i [feel sorrowful time] 14E, 16J; 

me'anajel 'osil 'a'i 16J; ti'olaj 16J. 

come apart: tuch' 9D. 

set apart: lekoj 'ak' 9D; lekojlekoj 'ak' 9D. 

'ilob pomtik 6E; te'el pomtik 6E. 

ju-jun 12. 

pok ba [cleanse oneself] 14,20A; ya ti' 20A. 

jya-ti'il 20A. 

pok bail 20A; ya ti'il [anguish mouth] 14B5, 

20A. 

j'iktayej 35F; jpajel ta ch'uunel dios 15A1, 

35F. 

appear in the distance: vinaj 8F, 9A1. 

begin to appear: nach' 8F, 9A1; vinaj 8F, 

9A1. 

'ilel 8F. 

appearance of plants or grass: lok'el 5, 8F. 

appearance or birth of plants: 'osilajel 5, 8F. 

laanejes 20A; nakanbey 'olonton [seat one's 

heart] 14B6, 20A. 

castillan potov 5B, 15A10, 15D. 

apple orchard: castillan potovtik 15A10, 26. 

nakan 17, 20; t'uj 17, 20; va'an [stand up] 

14, 17, 20. 

t'ujel 17, 20; va'anel 17, 20. 

ch'akel 27B. 

nop ta 27B; nop tojol 27B; nopbey tojol 27B. 

be appraised: javay 27B. 

jnop-tojolil 27B; jnopvanej 27B. 

Ii' tal 9A1; nochoj 9A1; noptzaj 9A1; nopoj 

9A1; taltal 9A1; tijtzaj 9A1. 

make approach: taltales 9A1. 

'axibal 'abnal 5, 28D1. 

(in tiie form of a hut or a house): nail 'abnal 

5,28D1. 

xotav 28D; xotol 28D; xototik 28D. 

arch builder: jxot-ch'ubayej 28A; jxotvanej 

arched 

argue 

arm (1) 

arm (2) 

armed 

armor 

armpit 

arms 

armspan 

army 

around 

arrive 

arrogance 

arrow 

arrowsmith 

arsenic 

arthritis 

artichoke 

as 

ascend 

ascent 

ash 

ashamed 

28A. 

build an arch: xot 28. 

build arches: xototik ch'ubay 28. 

xotol 3; xotxot 3. 

become arched: xottzaj 3, 28; xotey 3, 28; 

xotij 3, 28. 

make arched: xotzan 3, 28; xotan 3, 28; 

xottzajes 3,28. 

pakpak ba ta k'op 16H, 20A; tup'bey ba k'op 

[extinguish each other with words] 14J, 

16H, 20A. 

k'obU 7A. 

with one's arms crossed (in idleness): lutz'oj 

k'ob 7E, 160; meyoj k'ob 7E, 160. 

tzatzajes 21E2; va'an j'antzil-ti' [stand up 

the womanly mouth person] 14B5, 21E2; 

va'an jyabutil 21E2. 

arm self: tzatzaj 21E2. 

tzatzajesbil 21E2. 

cotton armor (worn by the Indians): cholonok'21E2, 3 IC. 

lotz'opil 7A. 

call to arms: nik 'o 'osil 'u'un [make time 

move] 14E, 21E; nikes j-tek lum [move 

a piece of ground] 14E, 21E. 

measure by armspans: javay 12. 

one armspan: j-jov 12A. 

j-tos yabutil [a group of warriors] 14, 21E1; 

yabutil 21E1. 

army in campaign: j-tos ta 'antzil-ti' [a group 

in the womanly mouth] 14B5, 21E1; j-tos 

ta jyabutil 2lEl. 

object being walked around: joynej 9A1. 

walk around: joyet xanav 9A1; joyij 9A1; 

joyij xanav 9A1; joyij ta xanbal 9A1; 

joyin 9A1. 

lok'talel 9Al. 

(Lent, rainy season): *kuyey 35E. 

muk' 'a'ibU [feeling big] 14F1, 16Q; muk' 

cha'ley-bail 16Q. 

yolobil 21E2. 

pierced by an arrow: yalbaybil 9E, 21E2. 

target of one's arrow shot: yalbayej 9E, 

21E2. 

jtzai-yolobil 21E2, 29. 

jtzamesvanej pox 34. 

'ik'al ta k'ob [wind in tiie hand] 14, 33. 

yaxal jobel 5A; yaxal lo'bol chij 5A. 

Hech chak 8G; Hechuk chak 8G. 

as if: chakuk 8G; Ha'uk 8G. 

muy 9A1. 

muyel 9A1. 

tan ID. 

be ashamed: k'exav 16M; namaj [be distant] 
NUMBER 31 361 

aside 

ask 

asked 

asleep 

assault 

assemble 

assume 

assure 

asthma 

asthmatic 

astonished 

astiingent 

attack 

attention 

attentive 

attic 

attorney 

auction 

audience 

auditorium 

augury 

aunt 

author 

autiiority 

14,16M. 

step aside: p'ev ba 9A1. 

jak' 11; jak'bey 11; jak'van 11. 

ask for: k'an 13B; k'anoj 13B. 

ask for importunately: ma'-ba k'an 16K. 

jak'beybil 11; jak'bil 11. 

fall asleep: laal vayel 'a'i 7F. 

'aniltay ta majel 21E; mak 21E; poj 21E. 

by assault: ta lut'el 2IE. 

hurl oneself into Uie assault: 'aniltay ta lut'el 

21E. 

assemble people: mel vinik [line up people] 

4, 14, 20; pas vinik [do people] 4,14, 20. 

assemble people (as in a procession): chol 

vinik 4, 20, 35C; meltzan vinik [make 

people] 4, 14, 20, 35C. 

Ha' na' 'oy 11. 

cha'-'al 16D. 

assure for certain: kuxes k'op [revive words] 

14J, 16D. 

tup'el 'ik' 33. 

become asthmatic: tup' 'ik' 33, 

be astonished: laban 11. 

be astonished at the price or beauty or at the 

loyalty of someone: labaj 11, 16R. 

sapap 5, 8D. 

'aniltay ta majel 21E. 

attack each other: 'aniltay ba ta majel 21E. 

attack in jest: maxil-mil 32. 

tz'e'anel chikinil 8C1. 

pay attention: tz'e'an chikin [cock one's ear] 

8C1, 14B3. 

tz'e'el chikin 8C1. 

'ak'ol na 28D; jol na [head of Uie house] 

14B1,28D. 

jkoltayvanej 20A; jk'op [he of words] 14J, 

20A. 

act as an attorney: koltay 20A. 

king's or lord's attorney: lekoj 'ojov 20A; 

lekom 'ojov 20A. 

ye ta chonel 27. 

outbid at auction: toy tojol 27, 

royal audience: ch'akebal na [decision house] 

14, 20; jch'akel 20. 

(place where Uiey listen): 'a'iab 20, 28C3; 

'a'iabil 20, 28C3, 

pixanU 15C, 17, 

(mother's sister): jun me'il 18F, 

great aunt (grandmother's sister): jun me'il 

18F. 

woman's paternal aunt (if younger Uian ego): 

mukil 18F. 

jtz'ibay-Hun 11 A; jp'asvanej 11 A. 

important autiiority: ch'uunbil vinik [person 

who is believed or obeyed] 14,20; k'exbU 

vinik [person who is changed or respected] 14, 20; xi'bil vinik [feared 

person] 14, 20. 

autiiorize nopbey 16E; takbey 16E. 

avarice yavaj 160; yavajijel 160; yavajil 160. 

avaricious yavaj 160. 

avaricious person: yavajU vinik 160. 

avenge avenge a beating: pak majel 16H, 20A. 

avenge an insult: pak 'utel [return a scolding] 

14J, 16H, 20A. 

avocado 'on 5B; lo'balal 'on 5B. 

avocado tree: te'el 'on 5B. 

awaited malaybil 2. 

awake julan 7F; kuxul 7F. 

stay awake all night (unable to sleep): 

ton-sati [have stone eyes] 7F, 14B2. 

awaken awaken person: julantas 7F; julay 7F, 

away batel 9A1. 

awe-inspiring be awe-inspiring: 'oy 'ik' [have breath, air 

or wind] 14B5, 16C, 16D, 16E. 

awl julob xonobU 26B; julobU 26B. 

ax hacha 15A8, 15A11, 26B; javob si' 26B; 

javobU si' 26B; t'oxob si' 26B; t'oxobU 

si' 26B; vok'ob si' 26B; vok'obU si' 26B. 

two-bladed ax: cha'-jech 'e 'ek'el 26B; 

cha'-jech 'e hacha 15A8, 15A11, 26B. 

woodworking ax: 'anob te' 26B. 

axletree axletree of a cart: joyijeb setet te' 9A1, 25B, 

28B. 

B 

baby newborn baby: tzajal 'olol [red child] 14D1, 

18B. 

nursing baby: jchu'unel 'unen 18B. 

bachelor kelem 18D. 

bachelorhood mu lekav xanbal [walking unmarried or 

possession-less] 14, 18D; Hech no 'ox 

xanbal [just living or walking] 14, 18D. 

reach bachelorhood: ta k'inal na 18D. 

back patil 7A. 

to the back: ta patil 4; ta tojol patil 4; yo' 'oy 

tojol patil 4. 

backbite nam tal 'ut 16H, 20A; nam tal 'utvan [scold 

person at a distance] 14J, 16H, 20A. 

backbiter jjotz'-k'optayvanej [he who drags out and 

speaks against] 14J, 20A. 

backbiting nam tal 'utvanej 16H, 20A. 

backbone tz'akav patil 7A. 

backdoor belel pat na [path of the back of Uie house] 

14B8, 28D. 

backward backward people (who live in the towns 

behind Zinacantin as Chamula): patilal 
362 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

backwards 

backwater 

bacon 

bad 

bag 

baker 

bakery 

bald 

ball 

ballast 

balsam 

bandage 

banish 

banished 

banner 

baptism 

baptismal 

vinUc 19. 

ta valak-pat 9A1; valak-pat 9A1. 

do backwards: ta valak-pat pas 16L; valakpatijes 16L; valak-patin 16L. 

go backwards: valak-patij 9A1. 

nab IC. 

chitom 23A2; tocino 15A9, 23A2. 

bacon fat: 'it'it'ul tocino 15A9, 23A2; 

k'an-'ixmal chitom 23A2; lam chitom 

23A2; lam tocino 15A9, 23A2. 

slice of bacon: j-jis tocino 12,23 A2. 

kolo' 16P; mo 'utzuk 16R 

(administration or governmenQ: *Homol 

*vukul 16P, 20. 

especially bad: mo 'oyuk bu Hech kolo' 16P. 

very bad: batz'i kolo' 16P. 

'ikatzinab chu'uy 22C; chu'uy 22C. 

blacksmitii's tool bag: josobU 'ich'ak cabaUo 

15A9, 25B, 28B, 29. 

jpat-vaj 23A3; jta'ajesej 23A3. 

(man or woman): jpan-vaj 23A3. 

chonob vaj 23A3, 28C2; pasob vaj 23A3, 

28C2. 

bajbaj 7C; bajbaj ti' ba 7C; baj ti' ba 7C; 

tzan-ti* ba 7C; tzanal ti' ba 7C; tzantzan 

ti' ba 7C; tzintzin ti' bail 7C. 

(parrot, person): pispis 6B1, 7C. 

bald person: pUc'-jol vinUc 7C. 

grow bald: bajub ti' ba 7E; tzanub ti' ba 7E; 

pik'ub tzotzil jol 7E. 

pitz' 32B; pis 32B. 

ball of harquebus or moorish shotgun: bek' 

tuk' 21E2. 

bowling baU: bola 15A6,32B; pispis te' 32B. 

game played with the buttocks: pitz' 32B. 

make into a ball: pis 7E1, 32B. 

person who plays baU with the buttocks: 

pitz'nom 32B. 

play ball with the buttocks: pitz'in 32B. 

'ipajeb jom [canoe fortifier] 9A2,14; 'ipajes 

jom 9A2; 'otes naktzajeb jom 9A2; 

nakanab jom 9A2; naktzajeb jom [canoe 

fortifier] 9A2, 14; naktzajes jom 9A2. 

pox 34. 

yarn bandage: sijel 34; sivuabil pok' 34. 

nutz 20, 20A, 21C; tak 20, 20A, 21C. 

banished person: takben 20, 20A, 21C. 

person being banished: takoj 20, 20A, 21C. 

bandera 15A2, 20, 21E2, 35B; lok'om 20, 

21E2, 35B. 

bautismo 15A1, 35C; yaleb Ho' ta jolol 

[lowering of water on the head] 14B1, 

35C. 

baptismal font: yaleb Ho' ta jolol 35B. 

barbecue 

barber 

bare-assed 

barely 

bark (1) 

bark (2) 

barren 

barter 

barterer 

base 

bashful 

bashfully 

bashfulness 

basin 

basket 

baste 

basted 

basting 

bat 

batii 

baUie 

baUier 

baUiing 

baUiroom 

battie 

be 

tem [bed] 14,23A3. 

barbecue grill: voob temal tak'in 22C; voobil 

temal tak'in 22C. 

jjosvanej 3 IE; jkupvanej 3 IE; jpas-jolol 

3 IE. 

be bare-assed: putzpon pat 31E, 

'ok'elal 12, 

patil [back] 5, 14B8. 

voet 8C1; vovonet 8C1; vojvonet 8C1. 

nap'ey 18 A. 

(abyss): toj te' IB. 

k'exoj 27; k'exvanej 27; man 27; manoj 27. 

(as corn for salt or chUi): k'ex 27. 

barter corn: k'ex 'ixim 27. 

barter weU: na' k'exel 16C, 27. 

receive in barter or on credit: k'extay 27. 

jmanojel 27A. 

(merchant who does not travel, but who is 

in a store): jk'exojel 27A. 

ma'-tuul 16P; mo joluk 16P; mu'natil 16P. 

be bashful of: k'exav 16M. 

k'exlal ba 16M. 

k'exlal 16M. 

'av Ho' 22C; pokobil k'obU 22C; pokobil 

sat 22C. 

stone basin: bochil ton 22C. 

moch 22C. 

bread basket: nak'nak'ebal vaj 22C; nak'ob 

vaj 22C; nak'obil vaj 22C. 

large grass basket: jalbil jobel 22C; papal 

jobel 22C. 

small basket: yol moch 22C. 

two-handled basket: moch 22C. 

lukbay ta jiUel 31 A, 

lukbaybU ta julel 31 A, 

liUcbayabil 31 A. 

sotz' 6A1. 

'atimol 7G; 'atinab 7G. 

baUi water: 'atimol IC, 7G. 

'atintas 7G. 

(not in a sweatbath): 'atin 7G; 'atin Ho' 7G. 

j'atimol 7G. 

bathing place: 'atinab 7G. 

continual urging inclination to go to the 

bathroom, without producing anything: 

sim ba 33. 

inclination to go to the baUiroom: sim-nak'al 

33. 

ch'ilomay 21E; nak 21E; nakav 21E; yabutij 

21E; yabutil 21E; yabutin 21E. 

start a battie: lUces 2, 2IE; lUces ta 'ochel 2, 

21E; tukes 2, 21E. 

'oy 4. 

be on four legs: kotey 4; kotol 4, 
NUMBER 31 363 

beach 

bead 

beak 

beam 

bean 

beard 

beardless 

bearer 

beast 

beat 

beaten 

beating 

beautiful 

beautify 

beauty 

because 

beckon 

become 

bed 

bedaub 

bedbug 

bedspread 

bedstead 

bedsti-aw 

bee 

ti' muk'ta nab IC; ti' nab IC. 

cuentas 3 IE. 

string of beads: j-'ak' cuentas 3 IE. 

ni' mut 6F; ti' mut 6F. 

tz'am te' 28,28D. 

beam that projects lUce a corbel: payal lok'el 

28, 28D. 

lay beams: nop te'el 28. 

lay beams (carpenter): tojobtas te'el 28. 

lay beams or boards (carpenter): 'ak' te'el 28. 

unhewn beam: pispis tz'am te' 28, 

chenek' 5B. 

bean flour: ch'ilbil chenek' 23Al, 

broad bean: castillan chenek' 5B, 15A10, 

broad bean field: chabal castillan chenek' 

5B, 15A10, 26, 

'isim 7A, 

begin to grow a beard: 'Uc'-mustay 'isim 2, 

7C; t'ab 'isim 2, 7C, 

have one's beard turn white: sakub 'isim 7C, 

new growth of beard: ch'ixU 'isim 7C, 

beardless person: pik'-vinik 7C; pik'il vinik 

7C. 

j'Ucatznom 27D. 

ferocious beast: bolom 6A1. 

beat one's breast: tij ni' 'olonton [strike Uie 

tip or nose of one's heart] 7E, 14B4, 16J. 

be beaten: 'och ta pox 'u'un 20A, 21C. 

reciprocal beating: pakol majel 20A, 21C. 

saksak [white] 7C, 14D5, 16R; toj ch'ulul 

ba 7C, 16R; t'ujum 16R. 

be beautiful: *'ulubalal ba 16R. 

become beautiful: lekub 16R; pok-baij [cleanse 

oneself] 14, 16R; t'ujumaj 16R. 

sound beautiful: 'utz vinaj 8C, 16R, 

t'ujumtas 16R. 

lekil 16R; pok-baijel 16R; t'ujumal 16R. 

'u'un 17; Ha' 'u'un 17. 

because of: koj 17; ta koj 17; Ha' koj 17; 

Ha' ta koj 17. 

beckon wiUi a nod: bech joli 'Uc' 7E. 

pas 2; pas ba 2. 

tem 22B; vayebal 22B. 

bed canopy: tzatzajebal vayebal 22D. 

bed hangings: nail pok' 22D. 

oneself wiUi dye or red ochre: naban 3 IE. 

*'uk6E; poch' 6E. 

vayeb k'u' 22D; vayebal k'u'ul 22D; vayebal 

pok' 22D. 

bottom of a bedstead: tenal te'el tem 22B. 

chib jobel 22D. 

(best species): 'aja-pom 6E. 

(generally): chanul pom 6E. 

(other kind): 'antzU pom 6E. 

beef 

beehive 

before 

befuddle 

befuddled 

befuddlement 

beg 

beggar 

beggary 

begin 

beginning 

behead 

behind 

being 

belch 

belfry 

beUef 

beUeve 

believed 

bell 

beautiful metalUc green bee: xyax-'ich 6E. 

large bee: Honon 6E. 

swarm of bees: 'epal pom 6E. 

beef fat k'an-'ixmal vacas 15A9, 23A2; 

manteca vacas 15A9, 23A2. 

na pom 25, 28C1; te'el pom 25, 28C1. 

ba'yi 2; mo to 2. 

shortly before: j-'ok' ba'yi 2; juteb ba'yi 2; 

lajel to 2. 

bolibes 16L. 

bol 16L; mak-bol 16L; mak-boUl 16L; 

ton-kok [stone deaf] 14, 16L; ton-kokil 

16L. 

become befuddled: bolib 16L; ch'ay-tzaij 

[lose one's Uiought] 14, 16L; mak-bolib 

16L; ton-kokib 16L. 

befuddled person: mak-bol vinik 16L; makbolU vinUc 16L. 

bolU 16L; mak-boUl 16L; ton-kokil 16L. 

(poor person): k'anoj lOB, 21D, 27; k'anvan 

lOB, 21D, 27. 

jk'anojel lOB, 21D, 27; jk'anvanej lOB, 

21D, 27. 

k'anojel lOB, 21D, 27; k'anvanej lOB, 21D, 

27. 

kaj 2; kajes 2; lUc 2; Ukes 2; t'ab 2; t'abes 2. 

begin something new: jut 2. 

ba'yitajel 2; kajeb 2; lUcebal 2. 

ch'uy jol 21C; ch'uybey jol 21C; ch'uybey 

nuk' 21C; tup' 21C. 

tz'akal 4; patil 4; ta patil 4. 

put behind: tz'aklontas 9B. 

toss behind: valak pat ch'ay 9B; valak-patin 

ch'ay 9B. 

'ayanel 2. 

keban 7E; kebanil 7E. 

na campana 15A1, 28D, 35B; na tak'in [beU 

or metal house] 14, 28D, 35B. 

ch'uunel 11. 

be worthy of belief: tojol 'oy ch'uuneyuk 11, 

beUef in God: ch'uunel dios 15A1, 35C, 

ch'uun 11; ch'uunvan 11. 

beUeve in: 'ak' ta 'olonton [put in one's 

heart] 11, 14B6. 

believe in a person: ch'uunbey k'op 11, 

16D; muk'ta-yebey k'op 11, 16D. 

believe mistakenly: 'a' 11. 

that which is believed: ch'uunej 11. 

that which must be believed: ch'uunbol 11. 

campana 15A1, 32A1, 35B; tak'in 32A1, 

35B. 

beU ringer: jtij-tak'in 32A, 35A. 

cattie bell: natU campana 15A9, 25B; natnat 

campana 15A9, 25B. 
364 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

beU-ringing 

beUows 

beUy 

belong 

beloved 

below 

bench 

benchcloth 

bend 

beneath 

benefactor 

benign 

benignity 

bent 

benumb 

benumbed 

bequeath 

bereave 

best 

bet 

better 

between 

bewitch 

ring a beU: sobtiksobtik tij campana 15A1, 

32A, 35C; ta tijel tijulan campana 15A1, 

32A, 35C; tij campana 15A1, 32A, 35C; 

tij tak'in 32A, 35C. 

sobtUcil tijel 32A, 35C; tijulanvanej 32A, 

35C. 

Hubob k'ok' ID, 22C, 28B, 29; HubobU 

ID, 22C, 28B, 29. 

tzukutzU 7A; ch'util 7A; ch'utul 7A; me' 

tzo'il [motiier of shit] 7A, 14H; me' 

pulom Ho' [mother of one's chamberpot 

or water-fUler] 7A, 14H. 

beUy button: mixUc'il 7A. 

belong to: 'at lOB; ta tojol lOB; ta tojol 'atey 

lOB. 

jalal 16D; jol 16D. 

ta 'olon 4; ta 'olontUc 4. 

banco 15A5,22B; naklebal 22B; naklebal te' 

22B; *pakal 22B. 

stone bench against a wall: lo'lo-k'opojebal 

[chatting place] 14J, 22B. 

tas22D. 

bend over: nijan ba 3; nijey 3. 

bend over (willow, slender stick): pak 3. 

ta 'olon 4. 

j'utzU-pasvanej IOC, 16A. 

be benign: k'uxubin 16A. 

benign person: jk'uxubinvanej 16A. 

k'uxubinvanej [feeling sorry for people] 14, 

16A. 

be bent over: patet 3. 

bent over: nijil 3, 

pek'aubtas 8E, 33, 

be benumbed: pek'aub 8E, 33, 

'al IOC, 18E; taki IOC, 18E, 

k'uxubin 16J, 

best in everytiiing: 'anilal jelavel 16C, 16E; 

ba 16C, 16E; ba'yitajel [be first] 14,16C, 

16E. 

*'aal 27, 32B; 'ak' 27, 32B; 'al 27, 32B; 'ale 

27, 32B, 

bet on: 'ak' ta 'ale 27, 32B, 

bet togetiier: 'aley ba 27, 32B, 

lose bet: 'ale lOD, 16L, 27, 32B, 

win bet: 'ale lOB, 16C, 27, 32B; 'aleyvan 

lOB, 16C, 27, 32B. 

'utz 'ayan 'u'un 16C. 

a little better: juteb 'utz 16C. 

be a littie better: juteb jelav [pass by a Uttie] 

14, 16C. 

ta '^sap 4; ta *sapan 4. 

tz'i'ley 35F; k'oplay 35F; k'oplayvan 35F; 

labtay 35F; *paxi 35F; poxtay ta k'op 

[tieat with words] 14J, 35F; poxtay ta 

bewitched 

bewiteher 

bewitchment 

beyond 

bid 

bier 

big 

big-beUied 

big-breasted 

big-eared 

big-footed 

big-headed 

big-hearted 

big-heartedness 

big-lipped 

big-nosed 

bigger 

bilge 

biU 

billhook 

bind 

biography 

k'oplayvanej [ti-eat by speaking against] 

14J, 35F. 

bewitch with medicinal potions: poxtaj 35F; 

poxtay 35F. 

k'oplaybil [spoken against] 14J, 35F. 

jlabtayvanej 35F. 

k'in 35F; *paax 35F. 

ta jech 4. 

bid again: cha'-'ak' ta *'aal 2, 27; cha'-'ak' 

ta 'al 2,27; cha'-'otes ta *'aal 2, 27, 

k'echobU chame-vinik 18E, 22B, 

muk' 12; muk'ul 12, 

grow big: muk'ub 12, 

how big?: k'u muk'ul 12; k'usi muk'ul 12, 

pujel ch'ut 7C, 12; puju-ch'ut 7C, 12; pumel 

ch'ut 7C, 12; pumu-ch'ut 7C, 12. 

be big-bellied (pregnant woman): benet 7C, 

12, 18A; t'enet 7C, 12, 18A; t'uket 7C, 

12, 18A. 

pujel chu' 7C, 12; pumel chu' 7C, 12. 

big-breasted woman: jpujel-chu'ul 7C, 12; 

jpumel chu'ul 7C, 12, 

leche-chikin 7C, 12; pok'-chUcin 7C, 12; 

pok'o-chUcin 7C, 12; vele-chUcin 7C, 12. 

pumu-'ok 7C, 12. 

vo'o-jol 7C, 12; volo-jol 7C, 12. 

be big-headed (insult): vo'oel jol 7C, 12. 

muk' 'olonton 12, 16A, 16D. 

big-hearted person: jmuk'ul-'olonton 12, 

16A, 16D. 

muk'ta 'olonton 12, 16A, 16D. 

big-lipped person: pech'e-ti' 7C, 12. 

vo'o-ni' 7C, 12; volo-ni' 7C, 12. 

be big-nosed (insult): vo'oel ni' 7C, 12. 

toj muk' 12. 

a little bigger: juteb muk' 12. 

be a little bigger: juteb jelav 12. 

be bigger: jelav 12; jelav tuk 12. 

be much bigger: toj batz'i muk' tuk 12; toj 

jelav 12. 

'ik'uyal jom [canoe filUi or blackness] 9A2, 

14; tzo' jom [canoe shit] 9A2,14B12; kux 

jom [canoe mildew] 9A2, 14. 

ni' mut 6F; ti' mut 6F. 

biUhook for firewood: p'asob si' 'ek'el 26B, 

28B. 

k'am 9C. 

(as when tiiey bind the poles of their houses): 

jit' 9C, 28. 

(books): tz'isan 9C, 11 A. 

bind (witii vines or cords as they do with Uie 

smaller beams of their houses): jit'omaj 

9C, 28. 

vokoUl [difficulty] 11 A, 14, 18. 
NUMBER 31 

bird 

birdcage 

birdlime 

birUi 

biscuit 

bishop 

bite 

bitter 

bitterness 

black 

blackberry 

blacken 

blackened 

blackish 

blackness 

blacksmith 

blade 

blame 

blamed 

blanch 

blaspheme 

blasphemer 

mut6Bl. 

big bird: muk'ta mut 6B1. 

bird nest na mut 6B1. 

hunting bird (generic term): jlUcvanej-mut 

6B1. 

little bird: bik'tal mut 6B1. 

person who dazes birds: jtup'beyej sat mut 

24. 

wading bird (generic term): Ha'al mut 6B1. 

kolol te' 28C1. 

tzoyob 24; tzoyob xuch' 24; nobo 24. 

catching of birds in birdlime: tzoyob 24. 

'alajel 18A; vinkilayel 18A. 

give birth: vinkUaj 7E, 18A. 

give birth (woman): 'alaj 7E, 18A; 'alan 7E, 

18 A. 

have a breech birth: va'al vinkilaj 18A, 33. 

*naitzU 23A1. 

(bread cooked twice): takes vaj 23Al. 

obispo 15Al, 35A. 

deputy bishop: jlok'tay-obispo 15A1, 35A. 

jech' 7E; jech'benal 33. 

(something poisonous): komes kola'al 'e 33; 

komes kola'al ti' 33. 

with mosquito bite: ta petiej 33. 

ch'a 8D. 

become bitter: ch'aub 8D. 

make bitter: ch'aubes 8D; ch'aubtas 8D. 

ch'ail 8D; ch'aubel 8D. 

'ik'-votzan 8F1; 'Uc'-volan 8F1; 'Uc'al 8F1; 

'Uc"Uc' 8F1. 

(abyss): 'ik'-'oman IB, 8F1; 'Uc'-pulan IB, 

8F1. 

(abyss, backwater): 'ik'-'otz'tay IB, IC, 

8F1;'Uc'-loman IB, 1C,8F1. 

(backwater): 'ik'-t'uban IC. 

makum 5A. 

'Uc'ubtas 8F1. 

'Uc'al 8F1. 

'ik"Uc' 8F1. 

'Uc'al'Uc'alSFl;'Uc'ubel 8F1. 

jten-'ek'el 29A; jten-tak'in 29A. 

'e [mouth or tootii] 14B5, 26B. 

'albey kola'al 16H; 'ut 16H; 'utel 16H, 

16M; 'utvanej 16H, 16M; nap'an 16H. 

'utbil 16H, 16M. 

blanch from fright: sak-lUctay 7E, 16J; 

sak-Uktay ba 7E, 16J. 

have one's face blanched from fright: saklikan ba 7E, 16J, 

'ut dios 15A1, 35C; 'ut santo 15A1, 35C; 

kola'al-'al 35C; ti'oltay 35C. 

j'ut-dios 15A1, 35F; jkola'al 'al dios 15A1, 

35F; jti'ol-k'op 35F; jti'oltayvanej 35F. 

365 

blaze 'eteUl 12; 'eteltas 12. 

bleach (cloth wiUi lye): pataxin 31 A. 

bleach one's hair: k'anubtas tzotz jol 7C. 

blear-eyed be blear-eyed: pik'ixtik sat 7F. 

bleat 'avan 8C1; 'avanel 8C1; 'ov 8C1. 

bleed jisulan 7B, 34; jul [prick] 7B, 14,34; kupilan 

7B, 34; lok'esbey ch'ich'el [take out 

one's blood] 7B,14B11,34. 

bless 'al 35C; "utzil-'al 35C. 

(meal, water): ch'uiltas 23A, 35C. 

blessing ch'uiltasvanej 35C. 

blind ma'-sat 8F, 33. 

blind chicken: 'Uc'al moy tuluk' 6B2, 8F, 

33; ma'-sat tuluk' 6B2, 8F, 33. 

blind with pale eyes: 'ik'al moy [black 

tobacco] 8F, 14D4, 33. 

go blind: ma'-satij 8F, 33; tup' sat 8F, 33. 

go blind in one eye: tz'e'ub sat 8F, 33; tup' 

sat 8F, 33. 

go bUnd wiUi pale eyes: taot ta 'Uc'al moy 

8F, 33. 

blink mik'mon sat 7E; mUc'ulan sat 7E; mutz'ilan 

sat 7E; mutz'monet sat 7E; vik'ulan sat 

7E. 

get nervous blink: mutz'uy sat 16J, 33; 

mutz'uyel 'a'i 16J, 33. 

nervous bUnk: mutz'uyel 16J, 33. 

bliss 'utzibel 16B. 

blister petel 33; sitel 33; situb 33. 

with bUsters: j-p'ej t'elel 33, 

blistered petel 33; petetUc 33; ta petiej 33. 

blonde k'anal tzotz jol 7C, 8F1. 

grow blonde: k'anub tzotzil jol 7C, 8F1. 

blood ch'ich' 7B; ch'ich'el 7B. 

be stained wiUi blood: 'atin ch'ich' 7B, 33; 

'atin ta ch'ich' 7B, 33. 

blood pudding: panbil ch'ich' 23A2; tUc'bU 

ch'ich' 23A2. 

serous blood: ch'ich' pojov 7B. 

bloodied 'atinej ch'ich' 7B, 33. 

be bloodied: baley ta ch'ich' 7B, 33. 

bloodletter jjulvanej 34. 

bloodletting julvanej 34. 

bloody 'atinej ch'ich' 7B, 33; balem ch'ich' 7B, 33. 

blossom k'exbonaj nichim 5; tuk 5. 

blot 'uiey IC. 

blow (1) Hupan lA, 7E. 

(bellows): Hub lA, ID; Hubvan lA, ID. 

blow off (dust): vuch' lA. 

blow on (food to cool it, head wound or 

tumor to cure it): vuch'i lA, 23A, 34. 

blow on fire: Hub lA, ID; Hub k'ok' lA, 

ID. 

blow through (reed, blowgun): Hupan lA, 
366 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

blow (2) 

blowgunner 

blubber-lipped 

blue 

blue-eyed 

blunderbuss 

blush 

board 

boast 

boat 

body 

bog 

boU (1) 

boil (2) 

bond 

bone 

bonfire 

book 

bookseller 

borage 

bore 

bored 

borer 

born 

21E2, 24. 

k'oj 9D, 20A; tij 9D, 20A; yalel 9D, 20A. 

blow (counting): j-likel majel 9D, 20A. 

come to blows: maj ba 9D, 20A. 

fist blow: tij 9D, 20A. 

tuk'avU 21E1. 

peve-ti' 7C. 

(said as an insult): pevel ti' 7C. 

yax-'otz'an 8F1; yoxyox 8F1. 

make blue: yax-'otz'an pas 8F1; yaxubtas 

8F1. 

k'an-kolan satil 7C, 8F1; yax-kolan satil 7C, 

8F1. 

blue-eyed person: jyax kolan sat 7C, 8F1; 

jk'an kolan sat 7C,8F1. 

tuk' 21E2. 

tzajal 7E; tzajub 7E; tzojtzoj 'ayan 7E. 

jayal te' 28; tenal te* 28. 

lay boards: 'ak' tenal te'al 28. 

natil-k'opoj 16Q. 

boast angrUy: vulvonet k'op 16H, 16Q. 

jom 9A2. 

takupalil 7A. 

'ach'eltUc IB. 

'apon 33; chakal 33; petey 33. 

get a boU: petey 33. 

with boils: petel 33; petetik 33; petiej 33; ta 

petiej 33. 

vokan IC, ID, 23A3. 

boiUng: k'ok' IC, ID, 23A3; toj k'ok' IC, 

ID, 23A3. 

make a bond: 'ak' ta Hun k'op [put words 

on paper] 14J, 16D. 

bak7Al;bakel7Al. 

bone marrow: chin-bak 7A1; chin-bakel 

7A1; chin-bakelal 7A1. 

muk'ta k'ok' ID. 

tz'isbU Hun [written paper] 11 A, 14; Hun 

llA. 

back of a book: pat Hun 11 A. 

book margin: sakil Hun [white paper] 11 A, 

14D5; ti'U Hun 11 A. 

book title: bi Hun UA; vinajeb Hun 11 A. 

iUuminate a book: p'is Hun 11 A. 

illuminate books: tz'ibay Hun 1 lA, 

jchon-Hun llA, 27A. 

ch'ixal 'itaj 5A. 

*vatz 9E. 

bore through: Hot 9E; Hotes 9E. 

be bored by: tavan 'ilel 'a'i 11; tavan ba 'a'i 

11. 

*vatzob te' 26B, 28B. 

be born: 'ayan 18A; 'osilaj 18A; vinkilay 

18A. 

borrow 

borrowed 

borrowing 

botii 

bother 

bothersome 

bottie 

bottom 

bought 

boulder 

bound 

boundary 

bow (1) 

bow (2) 

bow (3) 

bowed 

bowing 

bowl (1) 

bowl (2) 

bowler 

bowling 

bowman 

box 

boy 

born of a woman: 'alanbU 7E, 18A. 

ch'amun lOB, 27. 

ch'amunbil lOB, 27. 

article to be borrowed: ch'amunabil lOB, 27. 

borrowed article: ch'amunej lOB, 27; ch'om 

lOB, 27. 

ch'amunel lOB, 27. 

(animals): cha'-kotol 6, 12A, 

(long objects as bananas, flutes): cha'-ch'ixil 

5B, 12A, 23A. 

(people): cha'-va'al 12A, 

(round objects): cha'-pisil 12A, 

(towns): cha'-tek 12A, 19, 

tzajal-'ik' 161, 20A; me'anajes 161, 20A; 

yayaubes 161, 20A. 

toj ya 161, 

vinegar bottle: 'av vinagre 15A5, 22C, 

chak 4. 

be bought quickly: pojel maney 27. 

expanse of boulders: *chaj tontUc IB. 

object that is bound: k'amoj 9C. 

tz'ak lum lOB, 19B. 

boundary between properties: tz'ak 'osil 

lOB,19B. 

boundary marker: tz'ak lOB, 19B; ch'akobU 

lum lOB, 19B; vok'obU lum lOB, 19B. 

mark boundaries of inherited land: ch'ak lum 

lOB, 18E, 19B. 

move in boundary markers on another's corn 

field: vetz' chobtik lOB, 19B; vetz'bey 

chob lOB, 19B. 

move in boundary markers on anotiier's 

property: vetz' lum lOB, 19B; vetz'bey 

lum lOB, 19B. 

t'in 21E2; yolobU 21E2, 

(ship, canoe): ni' jom [tip or nose of canoe] 

9A2, 14B4. 

kejan ba 3; kejey 4, 16F; nijey 4, 16F. 

(head, body): nijan ba 4, 7E, 16F. 

make person bow: nijan 4, 16E. 

nijil 4, 16F. 

bowed over (by someone else): nijanbU 4, 

7E, 16F, 21C. 

nijanel 4,16F; nijlej 4,16F. 

escudiUa 15A5, 22C; setz' 22C. 

*tzul 32B; ten bola 15A6, 32B; ten te* 32B. 

jten-te' 32B. 

ten-te' 32B; tenel te* 32B. 

jyalbajel 21E1, 24; jyalvanej 21E1, 24; 

yalom 21E1, 24. 

*pun-te' 22C. 

kelem 18B. 

be a full-grown boy: paj ch'iel kelem 18B. 

become a fuU-grown boy: ta 'okel kelmal 
NUMBER 31 367 

boyhood 

bracelet 

brag 

braggart 

braid 

brains 

brambles 

bran 

branch 

branchy 

brand 

branded 

brandish 

brass 

brave 

bravery 

bray 

brazier 

brazilwood 

breach 

bread 

18B. 

boy with changing voice: vok' nuk'ul kelem 

[boy with broken neck or tiiroat] 14B5, 

18B. 

grown boy: tzatzal kelem 18B; muk'ta kelem 

18B; yijU kelem 18B. 

young boy: bik'tal kelem 18B; ch'iom kelem 

18B. 

reach boyhood: kelmay 18B. 

natz' 29, 3IE. 

gold bracelet: natz'il k'anal tak'in 29, 3IE. 

natil-k'opoj [taUc far] 14J, 16Q. 

jnatU-k'op 16Q. 

chukobU jolol 7A, 3 IE; ch'al jol 7A, 3 IE; 

ch'alobil tzotzil jol 7A, 3 IE; ch'alobil jol 

7A, 3 IE; ti' pok' 7A, 3IE. 

chinamU 7A1, 

tz'i'lel 'osU 5; tz'i'leltik 5. 

sol 23A1; sol castiUan 'ixim 15A10, 23A1, 

k'obte' [tree arm] 5, 14B10, 

'atal jetav 5; 'atal k'elom 5; 'epal k'ob 5. 

'eteUl 25B; 'eteltas 25; 'och k'inajel 'u'un 

25; chUc'ob caballo 15A9, 25B. 

(cattie, horses): chUc' ta tak'in 25. 

branding iron: 'eteltasab tak'in 25B. 

'ak'bil vinajeb 25; 'eteltasbil 25; chik'bU 25. 

(lance): la'ulan 7E, 21E2; nUculan 7E, 21E2. 

brandish or shake (lance): velulan 7E, 21E2; 

vesulan 7E, 21E2. 

k'anal tak'in 29. 

become brave: 'ich' ch'ulel [receive one's 

soul] 14B7, 16E; tzatzub 'olonton [have 

one's heart strengthen] 14B6,16E; muk'ub 

'olonton [have one's heart grow big] 

14B6,14F1, 16E. 

brave man: ch'Uom 16E; ch'ilom vinik 16E. 

brave person: jyijil-'olonton 16E; jmuk'ul-

'olonton 16E; jmuk'ul-'olontonil 16E. 

yijU 'olonton [sturdy heart] 14B6,16E. 

(donkey): jik'jon ta 'ok'el 8C1; jUc'jonet 

'ok'8C1; vovet 8C1. 

lechob 'ak'al ID, 22C. 

chak-te' 5A. 

ch'ojoUl tenam ton IB, lOE, 15B, 28D1. 

'ot23Al;vaj23Al. 

a quarter of bread, etc.: j-xut vaj 23Al. 

barley bread: cebada vaj 15A10, 23A1, 

bran bread: tzo' vaj 23Al; matz' vaj 23A1, 

bread baked under Uie ashes: muk-tanibil vaj 

23Al, 23A3, 

bread cooked in a pit: bontaybil vaj 23A1, 

23A3. 

bread crumbs: xutul vaj 23Al. 

bread roasted on Uie coals: leb-tanibil vaj 

bread-making 

breadcrumb 

break 

breast 

breath 

23Al, 23A3. 

bread soaked in wine: tz'ajbil ta chi' vaj 

23A1, 23A3; vaj tz'ajbU ta chi' 23A1, 

23A3. 

broken piece of bread: xut 23 Al. 

broken piece of bread given to beggars: xut 

IOC, 23Al, 27; xutuUl vaj IOC, 23A1,27. 

hard bread (bisquits, hardtack): *naitzil 

23 Al. 

make bread: vajiv 23A3. 

ring-shaped bread: xotbil vaj 23Al; xotol 

vaj 23A1; xotxot vaj 23Al. 

small ring-shaped bread: bUc'tal xotxot vaj 

23A1. 

sop bread in water tz'aj vaj ta Ho' 23A3. 

sop bread in wine: tz'aj vaj ta chi' 23A3. 

sour bread: pajal vaj 23Al. 

stale bread: takes vaj 23A1. 

wheat bread: castUlan vaj 15A10, 23A1. 

vajivej 23A3. 

ch'uch'ul vaj 23Al. 

ch'ijbenal lOE; javalul lOE; k'ojbenal lOE; 

k'okoUl lOE; t'us lOE; t'usulU lOE; 

vok'benal lOE; vok'olU lOE. 

(cord, fiber, thread): tuch' lOE, 

break cord or thread: ch'ak lOE, 

break in two: cha'-jech 'ayan lOE; cha'-jot 

'ayan 'u'un lOE; cha'-vok' 'ayan lOE; ta 

'o'loljatlOE, 12, 

break into pieces: jav lOE. 

break into pieces with the whole hand: jav 

7E1, lOE, 

break loudly (beam, support): k'aslaj lOE, 

break off (legs of the benches they sit on, 

squashes or other objects with a thick 

stem): k'ok lOE, 

break one thing against anotiier: ch'ij lOE; 

k'oj lOE. 

break open (pomegranates, cotton): jav 5, 

lOE; vok' 5, lOE, 

break or cut roots or vines with which they 

bind the wood of their houses: ch'ak 5, 

9C, lOE, 28; tuch' 9C, lOE, 28, 

break or smash (eggs, avocados, head, pot, 

boards, tiles): vok' lOE, 22C, 28. 

break or snap (stick, pole, candle, long 

objecO: k'as ID, lOE; k'av ID, lOE. 

break the end off: ch'uy lOE, 

break up (ship): jav 9A2, lOE; vok' 9A2, 

lOE. 

break with one's fingers: xut 7E1, lOE. 

chu'ul 7A; na 'olontonU [heart house] 7A, 

14B6. 

'ik'al lA; Hobil lA. 
368 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

bad breaUi: tu ti' lA, 33; mil ti* [stinky 

moutii] lA, 14B5, 33. 

breatiie **e*et lA, 7E; *'e'onet lA. 7E; *'i*et lA, 

7E; *'i'onet lA, 7E. 

breathe in smoke or perfume: tas 'Uc' lA, 

7E, 8D, 

breeze refreshing breeze: k'un-yaman 'ik' lA, 8A. 

sea breeze: 'Uc'al nab lA, IC; nab 'Uc' lA, 

IC. 

brevity bUc'tal 2C; tik'il k'op [inserted word] 2C, 

14J; t'abeltUc 2C; va'alva'al k'op [erect 

word] 2C, 14J. 

bribe tzajal-'ak'bey [give to witii red] 14D1, 16N, 

20, 21 A, 27; tzajal-tzitz [persuade witii 

red] 14D1,16N, 20, 21 A, 27; *votol-tzitz 

16N, 20, 21A, 27. 

bribery tzajal 'ak'beyel k'op [red given words] 14J, 

16N, 20, 21 A, 27; tzajal tzitzvanej [red 

persuasion] 14J, 16N, 20, 21A, 27. 

brick 'otes chik'bil xamiti 15B, 28; bUc'tal ch'ubil 

xamiti 15B, 28; tzajal xamiti 15B, 28; 

chUc'bil xamiti 28. 

brick maker: jpat-xamiti 15B, 28A. 

lay or make bricks: ch'ubaj 28; ch'uban 28; 

ch'ubay 28. 

patobU chUc'bU xamiti 15B, 28, 28C2; 

putvanab chik'bil xamiti 15B, 28, 28C2. 

bridal chamber: tz'alav na jnupunel 18D, 

28D; nail pop [mat house] 14, 18D, 28D; 

vayeb jnupunel 18D, 28D. 

'ach' j'ich'el [person newly received] 14, 

18D. 

k'o9Al. 

brick or stone bridge: castillan k'o 9A1, 

15A8; ka'al ton 9A1. 

wooden bridge: ka'al te'el k'o 9A1; te'el k'o 

9A1. 

'ak' freno 9A1, 15A9, 25; 'ak'bey freno 

9A1, 15A9, 25; 'otes freno 9A1, 15A9, 

25. 

'ak'ebU freno 9A1, 15A9, 25. 

be bridled: 'och freno 9A1,15A9, 25. 

mo Haluk 2C. 

ch'ulul 8F; k'an-ch'ulan 8F1; sak-jaman 

8F1; sak-kepan 8F1; saksak 8F1. 

(moonlit night): sak-mesan 2A, 8F1. 

become bright: sakub 8F1. 

become bright (moonlit night): sak-mestay 

'osil 2A, 8F1. 

brightness sakubel 8F1. 

brimful jaxal nojel 12; nojel 12; *titzaajel nojel 12; 

*titzil nojel 12. 

brine 'atz'amU Ho' IC. 

bring bring by force: joch' 9D, lOB, 13B. 

brick works 

bridal 

bride 

bridge 

bridle 

bridled 

brief 

bright 

bring forcibly: tzajal-'Uc' 9D, lOB, 13B. 

bristie new bristies: k'un tzotzU 6F. 

pig's bristie: tzotzUal chitom 6F. 

bristiing (cat): ta tz'ablej 6G. 

britches wide and short plaited britches: vexU 31C. 

broken ch'ijbU lOE; javbil lOE; k'asal lOE; k'asbil 

lOE; k'aval lOE; k'avbU lOE; k'ojbil 

lOE; k'okbU lOE; k'okol lOE; tuch'bU 

lOE; tuch'ul lOE; t'usul lOE; voch'bU 

lOE; vok'bU lOE; vok'ol lOE. 

be broken in two: cha'-k'os k'asey lOE; 

cha*-vok' vok'ey lOE. 

be broken open: voch' lOE. 

broken open: vok'ol lOE. 

broken piece: ch'uyulil lOE; xutulU lOE; 

tuch' lOE; tuch'uUl lOE; t'usulU lOE; 

vok'oUl lOE. 

with the end broken off: ch'uybil jol lOE; 

ch'uyul lOE. 

be broody (hen): k'an patiej [want to lie 

down] 6B2, 14, 25, 

bik'tal Ho* IC, 

mesob na 22E; mesojeb 22E; mesojebal 

22E; mesvanab 22E. 

'a'iel 23A2; ti'bol 23A2. 

fatofbroUi:lam23A2. 

mul na [house of sin] 14, 18C, 28C2; 

mulaveb na 18C, 28C2; mulavU na 18C, 

28C2, 

man's elder brother: bankilal 18F. 

man's younger brother: 'itz'inal 18F, 

mother's brother: Hom 18F, 

woman's elder brother: xibneUl 18F, 

woman's younger brother: mukil 18F. 

'ik'-yaman 8F1, 

petey 33; voch 33. 

with bruises: j-p'ej t'elel 33, 

petel 33; petetiJc 33; petpet 33; ta petiej 33; 

vochol 33, 

badly bruised: vochochtik 33. 

ch'ul 9D; ch'ulvan 9D; ju'obil 9D. 

brush one's teeth: josilan 'e 7G; jot'ilan *eal 

7G, 

carding brush: jach'ubtayabil 28B, 31 A; 

jach'ubtayabU tux-nok' chij 28B, 31 A, 

brushwood brushwood for an oven: 'unen te* ID, 22C; 

bik'tal te' ID, 22C; ch'ilob vaj ID, 22C. 

brutish brutish person: chijil vinik 16P, 

bubble bubble up: bulbon lA, IC, 

bubo *xu 33, 

buboes that spread from one part of the body 

to another: 'anU 'apon 33, 

large and very serious bubo: tzajal 'apon 33, 

small bubo: ton 'apon 33. 

broody 

brook 

broom 

brotii 

brothel 

brotiier 

brown 

bruise 

bruised 

brush 
NUMBER 31 

bucket water bucket: Ukobil Ho* IC, 22C. 

water bucket or jug: Ukob Ho' IC, 22C. 

bud lok' 5. 

buffoon k'oj te' vinik [mask or carved wood person] 

14; lo'U vinUc 32; lo'lo vinik 32; tuli-'atil 

vinUc 32; *Hona vinik 32. 

play Uie buffoon: tuli-'atij 16N. 

buffoonery lo'loyel 32; tuli-'atU 32. 

build *ak' te'el 28; ch'uban 28; ch'ubay 28; nop 

te'el 28; tojobtas te'el 28, 

builder jch'ubayej-na 28A; naivU 28A; jnaivej 28A. 

official buUder: jch'ubajel 20, 28A. 

building support building with posts or buttresses: 

xok'i 28. 

bull xinch'ok vacas 6A2; xinch'okil vakax 6A2, 

15A9, 

ferocious bull: k'ak'al vacas [hot bull] 6A2, 

14G, 15A9. 

young buU: kelem vacas 6A2, 15A9, 

young buU or ox: 'ach' vacas 6A2,15A9. 

k'ak'al [hot] 14G, 161; te'te'U 161. 

bump into (door): tij ba 9A1. 

bump or knock into: tij 9A1, 

with bumps: j-p'ej t'elel 3, 

j-chuk 12A. 

(bananas, dates, grapes): j-choj 5B, 12A; j-lUc 

5B, 12A, 

bunch by bunch: ju-jun chuk batel 12A, 

bundle of stitched pages: j-lotz 11 A, 12A. 

bundle of torch faggots or plants: j-'Ucatz 5, 

12A; j-k'ech 5, 12A; j-meylej 5, 12A, 

volbil 9C, 

'UcatzU9Al;kojobU9Al. 

but'ibU ta lum IB, 9C; but'ibU ta lumtik IB, 

9C; but'ijesbil IB, 9C; but'ul IB, 9C. 

buried object but'iej IB, 9C; but'oj IB, 9C. 

flax or maguey burlap: jotz'bU chi 22D, 31 A, 

tzan ID; chUc' ID; k'ak' ID; k'ak'es ID; 

k'ak'etal ID; nop' ID, 

(coals): 'ak'lin ID; 'an ID. 

(turning Uie firebrand or embers and scattering them): balax-k'ak'tay ID. 

burn around: joy-chUc' ID; joy-k'ak'ay ID; 

pat-k'ak'ay ID. 

burn beneath the trees as when they burn 

thickets for cornfields, leaving large trees 

standing: tokal-te' ID, 26, 

burn Uie fields: chik' 'osil ID, 26. 

burn with flames: til ID; tilet ID. 

burning burning of underbrush: tokal te' ID, 26; 

tokal-te'ivanej ID, 26; tokavej ID, 26. 

burnish jux 29; t'ab 29. 

burnished t'abbil 29. 

burnisher juxob 22E; juxobil 29; t'abob 29; t'abob ton 

369 

bullying 

bump 

bunch 

bundle 

bundled 

burden 

buried 

burlap 

burn 

29. 

burnt 

burrow 

burst 

bury 

business 

buskin 

bustle 

busy 

but 

butcher 

butehershop 

butier 

butt 

butterfly 

buttocks 

buttress 

buttressed 

buy 

ChUc'bU ID; k'ak'esbU ID. 

burnt area: chik'benal ID. 

burnt field: k'ak'etal ID, 26; k'ak'etaltik 

ID, 26. 

burnt patch: chik'il k'ok' ID. 

ch'enlB,6Al;nalB,6Al. 

rabbit burrow: ch'en t'ul 6A1; mukeb t'ul 

6A1; mukleb 6A1. 

tuch' 9E, lOE; t'us 9E, lOE. 

but' ta lum IB, 9C; muk 9C. 

bury dead person: muk jchamel 9C, 18E. 

bury under: but' 9C. 

'abtel 27; patan 27. 

be one's business: na' ta tojol 27; patan 'ojov 

27. 

new business: 'okel 2, 27. 

new business (of outsider or person who 

starts new enterprise): be [patii] 2,14, 27. 

xoj 'ok 31C; xojobU 'ok 31C. 

bustle about kankonet 16C; voch'vonet 16C. 

be busy: 'oy patan 27D; jok'tzaj 27D. 

be too busy: mu Hu' 'a'i [feel that one can't 

do it] 14C, 16C, 27D. 

be too busy (to do something because of 

disturbances): mo 'elmaj k'in 16C, 27D. 

be very busy: 'ep patan 16C, 27D. 

keep busy: 'abtejes 16C, 27D; 'ak' patan 

16C, 27D. 

state of being busy: patan 16C, 27D. 

-ey 36. 

jchon-bek'et 27 A. 

chonob bek'et 27, 28C2. 

butler who guards silver and gold platters: 

jchabi bel nail 22A; jchabi ve'ebal tak'in 

22A. 

butier who lays out the tablecloUi: jk'i-tasU 

22A. 

t'is jol 9D. 

(rams, cows): xulbay ba 6G, 9D. 

butt heads togetiier (boys): t'is-joU ba 9D, 

18B. 

(general term): pepen 6E. 

green butterfly eaten by the Indians: tz'unun 

pepen 6E. 

large spotted butterfly: xjojoch' pepen 6E. 

chak 7A; chakil 7A; naklebal 7A; patU 7A. 

'ipajeb ch'ub 28D1; 'ipajebal 28D1; 'ipan 

28D1; 'oy ch'ub 28D1; xokon ch'ub 

28D1; xok'ch'ub 28D1. 

be buttiessed: 'ipaj 28D1. 

man 27; manoj 27. 

buy corn: 'ekelaj 27; 'ekeltay 27. 

buy on a large scale: p'olmaj 12,27. 
370 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

buyer 

cabbage 

cackle 

cake 

calamitous 

calamity 

calendar 

calf 

call 

callous 

calloused 

calm 

calmness 

came 

camp 

can 

canal 

candle 

candlestick 

buy small objects in small amounts: tiUcul 

man 12, 27; tukul-man 12, 27; tukultukul 

man 12, 27. 

person who buys at market: jch'ivitajel 27. 

jmanojel 27. 

coles 5B, 15A10. 

cabbage broth: 'a'iel 'itaj 23A1. 

cabbage stock: te'el coles 5B, 15A10; tomal 

5B. 

head: baloj ba coles 5B, 15A10. 

k'ayk'onet 8C1. 

(goose): 'a'onet 8C1; 'avalet 8C1. 

Easter cake: ton tuluk'U vaj 23A1, 35E. 

ma'-ba 21B; pek'a 21B; tenkex 21B. 

ma'-'olal 21B; ma'-baU 21B; pek'aU 21B; 

tenkexil 2IB. 

calendar of saints' days: 'atob 'osU [time 

counter] 2B, 14E, 35E; 'atob k'ak'al 2B, 

14E, 35E; 'atob k'in 2B, 14E, 35E. 

calf of Uie leg: tzo' 'okil 7A. 

'ik' 13B, 

call again: cha'-'ik' 13B. 

call frequentiy or importunately: *votol-'ik' 

16K. 

call repeatedly: tzajal-'Uc' 13B. 

pimil nukul 7C. 

(foot hand): pim-letan 7C. 

become calloused: me'in nukulU 7E; pimub 

nukuUl 7E. 

ch'anantas 16G; lamal 16G; lamtzan 16G; 

nakanbey 'olonton [seat one's heart] 

14B6,16G. 

(wind): ch'anol lA. 

(without wind): ch'an chi 'osU [silent time] 

lA, 14E; laaet 'osU [calm time] lA, 14E. 

be calm: ch'an chi 16G; ch'an-chi 16G; 

laanej 16G; nakal 'olonton 16G; nakan 

'olonton 16G, 

become calm and clear (weather): k'ep 'osU 

lA, 

laanU 'olonton [tame heart] 14B6, 16G; 

nakanel 'olonton 16G. 

'ay9Al, 

establish camp (as the captain ordered them 

to establish camp): nakan jch'Uom 21E1, 

Hu' 16C; Hu' 'u'un 16C. 

be Ho' 9A2; tz'anal Ho' 9A2; Ho' 9A2, 

(fiUed witii water): bUc'tal 'uk'um 9A2. 

dry canal: be-o' 9A2; taki-'uk'um 9A2, 

candela ID, 15A5,22C; tajleyabil ID, 22C, 

'av japbalal 22B; 'av naul 22B; candelero 

cane (1) 

cane (2) 

caned 

canefield 

canoe 

cap 

capacity 

capricious 

captain 

captive 

captivity 

capture 

carat 

card (1) 

card (2) 

care 

careful 

caress 

carpenter 

carried 

carry 

15A5, 22B; kajanab candela 15A5, 22B; 

kajleb candela 15A1, 15A5, 22B; kuxanab candela 15A5, 22B; kuxanabU candela 15A5, 22B. 

canefield: ch'ieb vale' 26, 

maj ta te' 20A, 21C; majob te' 20A, 21C; 

majvan ta te' 20A, 21C, 

majbU ta te' 20A, 21C, 33, 

vale'tik 26. 

jom 9A2, 

cap strap: chukobU 31C. 

flap of a montero cap that covers the face 

and neck: mukobil ni' 31C; pixobil sat 

31C. 

pasel 12; pasel ba 12. 

capricious person: j'epal-'olonlon [manyhearted person] 14B6, 16K; j*epal-tza 

[person of many thoughts] 14,16K. 

bach'ilciTi21El. 

tzokil 20, 21E. 

bought captive: manbil mu'nat 20, 21E, 27; 

mu'nat 20, 21E, 27. 

mu'natil 21E; mu'natinel 21E. 

tzak 21E; tzakolaj 21E; tzakolajel 21E; tzokU 

21E; chukel 21E; chukvanej 21E. 

'etel k'anal tak'in 12, 29; jul k'anal tak'in 

12, 29; tojol k'anal tak'in 12, 29. 

mark the carats: 'eteltas k'anal tak'in 12,29; 

Jul k'anal tak'in 12, 29. 

jach'ubtay 31 A; tus tux-nok' chij 31 A. 

card wool: ch'ul tux-nok' chij 31 A; jach'ubtay 

tux-nok' chij 31 A. 

carding brush: tak'in jach'ub 28B, 31A. 

card game: Hunal bul 32B. 

card player: buUnom ta Hun 32B. 

play cards: bulin 32B; bulin ta Hun 32B. 

playing cards: Hunal bul 32B. 

muk'ta 'ich'el [big receiving] 14F1,16C. 

be careful: 'ak' 'olonton [give or put one's 

heart] 14B6, 16C; bak' 'olonton [have 

one's heart move] 14B6, 16C; muk'ta-

'ich' 16C. 

jax 7E, 16D; jaxbey 7E, 16D; jaxulan 7E, 

16D. 

j*an-te' 28A; jch'ul-te* 28A. 

carried off: pojbil 9B. 

object carried in one's arms: petoj 9B. 

object carried in one's mouUi: katz'oj 9B. 

object carried on one's back: kuchoj 9B. 

object carried on one's shoulders: k'echoj 

9B. 

'ean 9B. 

carry bundle under one's arm: late'apuy ta 

lotz'op 9B. 
NUMBER 31 371 

cart 

cartwheel 

cartwright 

carve 

carved 

carver 

carving 

castie 

castrate 

castrated 

cat 

cataract 

catch 

caterpillar 

cattie 

caught 

cauldron 

cause 

cautious 

carry crosswise in one's mouth or teeth: katz' 

9B. 

carry dangling: lik 9B; likoj 9B. 

carry in one's arms as chUdren: pet 9B, 18B. 

carry off: poj 9B, lOD; pojvan 9B, lOD. 

carry on one's back: kuch 9B; kuch batel 9B, 

carry on one's shoulders as a litter: k'ech 9B. 

carry out: vesan 9B. 

carry under one's arm: 'ak* ta lotz'op 9B. 

cart driver: jchabi setet te' 9A1,27A. 

setet te* carreta 9A1,15A9, 25B. 

cartwheel hub: balbal te* 9A1, 25B; setset 

te' 9A1.25B. 

jchabi setet te' 9A1, 30A. 

'an 28. 

(not with a chisel, but as trimming a beam 

or carving wood): joch' 28. 

carve mouldings: joch' 28. 

carve stone: 'an ton 28. 

carve stone image: k'oj 28, 30, 

carve with a chisel or other thing by hitting 

it k'oj 28. 

carve wood: 'an te* 28. 

joch'bU 30. 

jjoch' 28A, 30A; jjoch'vanej 28A, 

30A. 

carver at table: jjis-ti'bol 22A; jkup-ti'bol 

22A. 

joch'el 30; joch'el 30. 

tzatzal na 28C3. 

lok'es tonil 25, 33, 

lok'bil tonil 25, 33; mo 'oyuk tonil 25, 33. 

gato 6A2,15A9; misto 6A2, 15A9. 

pixobil ch'ulel sat [covering of the iris or 

soul of tiie eye] 14B7, 33, 

(live animal): tzak 24, 

catch with a hook: lukbay 24. 

chanul 6E; chon 6E; xuvit 6E. 

vacas 6A2,15A9. 

cattie pen: tzobleb 28C1; kunleb 28C1; 

vayeb 28C1. 

grazing cattle: lo'obtasbil chij 6A2. 

herd of cattle: j-tek tzobbilej vacas 6A2, 

15A9. 

tend grazing cattie: lo'bajes 25; lo'obtas 25. 

kakal 9D, 

be caught between two objects: kaktzaj 9D, 

p'inal tak'in 22C; tak'in 22C, 

*ak' 17; *tze 17; k'alal 17; ya 17. 

tzaibil 16C; p'ij 16C. 

be cautious: *ich' tza 16C; jUc' abtel 16C; 

julan xanav 16C. 

be cautious (in expectation of the lashing one 

will receive): jUc'majel 16C. 

cave 

cavern 

cedar 

cense 

censer 

censure 

census 

certain 

chafe 

chafed 

chain 

chair 

challenge 

chamberpot 

Chamula 

chance 

change 

charcoal 

charge 

charitable 

charity 

chase 

cautious person: jtzainom 16C; julan vinUc 

[awake person] 14C, 16C; p'ijU vinUc 

[clever person] 14, 16C; vik'il sat vinUc 

[open-eyed person] 14B2, 16C. 

xojob ch'en IB; xojxoj ch'en IB. 

(hole in rock): 'ok'och IB, 

(with a bigger leaf, lighter wood and 

reddish): ch'u te' [holy wood] 5A, 14. 

small-leaved cedar: k'isis 5A. 

ch'ailay 8D, 35C; ch'aUtas 8D, 35C; ch'atay 

8D, 35C; k'ojojib 8D, 35C; muib-ch'atay 

8D, 35C; muibtay ta ch'ail 8D, 35C. 

'av 'incienso 15A1, 22C, 35B; 'av castiUan 

pom 15A1, 22C, 35B; ch'atayabU 22C, 

35B; jomal 'av castillan pom 15Al, 22C, 

35B. 

censer with which they cense: muibch'atayabil 22C, 35B. 

'ut 16H. 

take census: 'ak' ta Hun bi 19, 20; 'otes ta 

Hun biil [enter names on paper] 14, 19, 

20. 

batz'i k'op [real word] 14J, 17; batz'Utik 17; 

toj Hech 17. 

tuch'uch'tUc pas 9D, 33, 

tuch'uch'tUc pasel 9D, 33, 

(by clotii): tuch'uch'tik 9D, 33, 

chuk ta ch'ojon tak'in 9C; ch'ojon tak'in 

26B, 

tz'omol 22B; naklebal 22B; *pakal 22B; sUla 

15A5, 22B. 

leatiier chair: nukulU tz'omol 22B. 

*ik' ta tzamesel [call to kiU] 14, 21E; *Uc' ta 

majel [call to beat] 14, 21E. 

tza'nabil 22C; tza'nabU p'in 22C; tza'neb 

p'in 22C; pulom Ho' 22C. 

large chamberpot: jayal tak'in 22C. 

Chamo' 19; San Juan 15A2, 19. 

by chance: Ha' no 'ox yalal 17. 

by chance?: me 17. 

change one's clotiies: k'ex 3IE. 

change one's ways: k'ex 16A, 16P; k'ex ba 

16A, 16R 

'ak'al ID, 22C. 

charcoal maker: jchUc'-'ak'al 27A. 

take charge of: tak lOA, 16E; takbey lOA, 

16E. 

charitable person: j'aboltayvanej IOC, 16A, 

27. 

'aboltayel IOC, 27; 'aboltayvanej IOC, 27; 

jalal 'ilel IOC, 27; jalal 'Uvanej IOC, 27; 

jol 'Uvanej IOC, 27. 

do charity: 'aboltay IOC, 16A, 27. 

nutz 9A1. 
372 

chaste be chaste: 'utz chabi bek'tal 16A, 18C. 

chaste woman: pokbU xanav 'antz [woman 

who lives or waUcs washed] 14, 16A, 

18C; t'ujum xanav 'antz 16A, 18C. 

chastise **akan-*oltay 16H, 21C. 

chastisement *'akan-*oltayvanej 16H, 21C. 

chastiser j'akan-'oltayvanej 16H, 21C. 

chastity pokbU xanbal 16A, 18C; t'ujum xanbal 16A, 

18C. 

cheap mo joluk 27B; yalel tojol 27B. 

be cheap: mo *oyuk tojol 27B. 

cheat jpak'tayej 27B, 

cheek cho 7A, 

cheese queso 15A9, 23A2, 

fresh cheese: yaxal queso 15A9, 23A2. 

Chenalho San Pedro 15A2, 19. 

cherry chix-te* 5B. 

chess bul 32B; te'el bul 32B. 

chess player: bulinom 32B; jbul 32B. 

chest caja 15A5, 22C; ni' 'olontonU 7A; *pun-te' 

22C. 

chew xax 7E, 23A4. 

chew a lot: xaxulan 7E, 23A4, 

chew or gnaw (as clothes moUis or mice eat 

clotiiing): k'ux 6G, lOE. 

chew wood (worms): joch' lOE. 

chewed xaxbil lOE. 

Chiapa Soktom 19. 

chick 'ol tuluk' 6B2. 

hatch chicks: vok'es 'alab 6B2, 25. 

chicken castiUan tuluk' 6B2,15A9. 

blind chicken: mo k'ot sat tuluk' 6B2, 33. 

chicken brotii: 'a'iel tuluk' 23A2. 

chicken pen: na tuluk' 28C1, 

chicken tender: jyo-tuliUc' 25A. 

chief 'ajvetik 16E, 20; ba'yitajel 16E, 20; ba'yitajel vinUc 16E, 20; jba'yitajel 16E, 20. 

chigger 'ochem ch'ak 6E. 

chUblain 'esel 33; 'eselul 33. 

afflicted with many chUblains: 'eseltik 33. 

chUd 'unen 18B; 'unen 'olol 18B, 

(metaphorically): ch'ich'el [blood] 14B11, 

14H, 18B; k'elom [sprout] 14H, 18B; 

nich [flower] 14H, 18B; sal [eye or face] 

14B2, 14H, 18B, 

chUd whose father died before he was born: 

nich k'ok' 18B, 21B, 

father's sister's child, mother's sister's child: 

'ix me'eUl 18F. 

faUieriess child: jcham-tot [dead fatiier person] 

14, 18B,21B, 

legitimized bastard child: melel nich'nab 

18F, 21B. 

man's bastard child: mulal nich'nal 18F, 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

21B; mulal nich'on 18F. 21B. 

man's child: nich'nal 18F; nich'onU 18F. 

man's firsrt)orn: ba'yi nich'nal 18F; ba'yi 

nich'onU 18F. 

man's only child: juyinom nich'nal 18F; 

juyinom nich'on 18F. 

man's second child: cha*-va*al nich'nal 18F; 

cha'-va'al nich'on 18F. 

man's youngest chUd: k'oxil nich'nal 18F; 

k'oxU nich'non 18F. 

motiierless child: jcham-me' 18B, 21B. 

newborn: chu'uneb 'olol 18B, 

nursing child: chu'unom 18B, 

woman's brotiier's chUd (if older Uian ego): 

xibneUl 18F, 

woman's brotiier's chUd (if younger Uian 

ego): mukil 18F, 

woman's child: 'alal 18F; 'olol 18F, 

woman's first child: ba 'ol 18F; tzebal 'olol 

18F, 

woman's last child: k'oxU 'olol 18F. 

woman's only chUd: juyinom *olol 18F, 

woman's second child: cha'- va'al 'olol 18F. 

chUdhood ' unetUdl 18B. 

chUdhood companion: *ix ta kelmal 18B. 

chUdish act childish: 'unetiki ba 16L, 18B; tajim 

16L, 18B. 

chUdish act 'unetikU pasnej 16L, 18B. 

chUdishness 'unetikil 16L, 18B, 

chUi 'ich 5B. 

chUi sauce: p'uyum *ich 23Al. 

chUl sUcubes 7E, 8A; sikublas 8A. 

chUled become chUled: sikub 7E, 8A. 

chimney lok'eb ch'ail ID, 28D. 

chimney shaft lok'eb ch'ail ID, 28D. 

chin kolomil 7A, 

double chin: kutz'av nuk' 7C. 

pig's double chin: kutz'om nuk' chitom 6F. 

chip jep 9D; jepelul 9D; voch' 9D; voch'olU 9D, 

(glass): voch' 9D, 

chips or chunks of wood: p'asalul te* 5; 

p'asben te* 5. 

metal chip: kamul tak'in 29. 

stone chip: *anben ton IB; ch'uch'ul ton IB. 

wood chip: 'anben te' 5; ch'uch'ul le' 5; 

kamul 5; kamul le* 5. 

chipped jepbil lOE; jepel lOE; voch'bil lOE; voch'ol 

lOE. 

badly chipped: voch'voch'tik lOE. 

chipped badly: voch'oltik lOE. 

chisel 'eteltas 28; ch'oj 28; ch'ojob te* 26B; 

ch'ojobU te* 26B; ch'ojvan 28; joch'ob 

ton 26B; jul 28; julob 26B; Hotob 26B; 

Hotob te' 26B; Hotob ton 26B. 
NUMBER 31 373 

chocolate 

choice 

choir 

choke 

choking 

cholera 

choleric 

choose 

chooser 

chop 

chopping 

Christinas 

church 

ciborium 

cicada 

circle 

circumcise 

city 

civil 

clamp 

clang 

clap 

clarity 

clasp 

clasped 

clean 

pure chocolate: tzeel kokov 23A1. 

tamol 17; tamolajel 17. 

coro 15A1, 32A. 

(of tiie church): k'eyojinebal 28D, 32A, 35B. 

jUc'av 33. 

jUc'avel 33. 

chamel 33; simal 33. 

k'an-k'uyan 33; yax-k'uyan 33. 

nakan 17; t'uj 17. 

choose tiie best t'uj 16C, 17. 

person who chooses: jtamanej 17; jtamvanej 

17. 

jt'ujom 17; jt'ujvanej 17. 

bajbonet lOE, 26; baj lOE, 26; boj lOE, 26; 

p'as lOE, 26. 

chopping sound: bajbonetel 8C. 

'ayanel 35E; k'in navidad 15A1, 35E; k'in 

pascua 15A1, 35E; navidad 15A1, 35E; 

pascua 15A1, 35E; vinkilayel 35E; vinkilayel pascua 15A1, 35E. 

ch'uul na 28C3, 35B; iglesia 15A1, 28C3, 

35B; na dios 15A1, 28C3, 35B. 

na lomajebal sacramento 15A1,35B; nak'obU 

sacramento 15A1, 35B. 

xikilin 6E. 

lying in a circle: joyoj ta ta'lej 3,4; joyol la 

ta'lej 3,4. 

seated in a circle: joynej ta naklej 3,4; joyoj 

ta naklej 3,4; joyol ta naklej 3,4, 

standing in a circle: joyoj ta va'lej 3,4; joyol 

ta va'lej 3,4, 

jos xinch'okil bek'tal 7G, 34,35C; kup nukul 

xinch'okil bek'tal 7G, 34, 35C, 

muk'ta j-tek lum [big piece of ground] 14F1, 

19; muk'ta k'ulej 19; muk'ta lum [big 

ground] 14F1,19. 

request civil action (from the alcalde): 

k'anbey ch'akel 20. 

net'ob 9D; net'obU 9D. 

bajlaj 8C; bajluj 8C; tzanlaj 8C, 

(copper or stiver platter falling to ground): 

bajlajetel 8C, 22C, 29; tzanlajetel 8C, 

22C, 29, 

clap hands as when rejoicing or dancing: 

pak'ponet 8C1, 32, 32A; pak'ulan 8C1, 

32, 32A. 

tzaijel 11. 

nap'an ta chukel 9D; nop'-chuk 9D, 

nap'anbU ta chukel 9D; nop'-chukbil 9D, 

object being clasped: nap'anej ta chukel 9D; 

nop'-chukoj 9D. 

ch'ul 7G, 22E; ch'ulbil 7G, 22E; ch'ulomaj 

7G, 22E; pok 7G, 22E; pokbil 7G. 22E; 

pokomaj 7G, 22E. 

cleaner 

cleanliness 

cleanse 

clear 

clemency 

clench 

clever 

cleverness 

cUff 

cUmate 

cUmb 

cUnk 

cloak 

clock 

clod 

clomp 

closed 

closet 

cloth 

(weU-swept house): sak-mesan 22E. 

absolutely clean (God): pokpokbil 7G, 35D, 

clean a second time (scraping): cha'-cho' 

22E; cha'-jos 22E, 

clean by rubbing off (mucous): kusUan 7G, 

clean by rubbing off (mud, or as when they 

remove mucous from their children's 

noses): kus 7G, 

ch'ulobU 22E; pokobil 22E, 

ch'ulel 7G. 22E; pokel 7G, 22E. 

ch'ul 7G, 22E; pok 7G, 22E; tojobtas 7G, 

22E, 

tzaibU 11; k'epel lA; nopbU 11; sulesbU 11. 

(not difficuU): mo tzotzuk 11. 

(sky): sakub 'osU lA. 

clear and without sediment pokbil IC; 

t'ujum IC, 

clear or fair weaUien k'epel 'osil 1 A. 

have sky clear: jam 'osU [have sky open] 

lA, 14E, 

'aboltayvanej 16A, 20 A; k'uxubinvanej 16A, 

20A; laanejel 16A, 20A, 

clench one's teeth: k'ux 'e 33. 

clench one's teeth (in pain): matz' ti* 33. 

ch'ulum ti* 16C; p'ij 16C. 

be clever: 'ak'bey tza 16C; *oy tza 16C; 'oy 

tzaijel 16C; 'oy p'ijU 16C, 

become clever: tzaij 16C; tz'ib 'olonton 

[have a heart of writing] 14B6, 16C; 

ch'ulum-ti'ij 16C; p'ijub 16C, 

clever person: jtzainom 16C, 

tza 16C; tzaijel 16C; ch'ulum-ti'U 16C; p'ijU 

16C. 

tz'i'lel ch'en IB; sak-bajan ch'en IB; va'al 

ch'en IB; *vekel ch'en IB. 

expanse of cUffs: *chaj tontik IB. 

'osil [world or time] lA, 14E. 

mUd cUmate: laan 'osil 1 A. 

temperate cUmate: laan 1 A. 

with a mild cUmate: laan k'epel 1 A. 

muy 9A1. 

(falling metal or money): tzanlaj 8C, 27C, 

29; t'ijlajet 8C, 27C, 29, 

capa 15A4, 31C. 

'atob 'osU [time counter] 2, 14E, 22C; reloj 

2, 15A5, 22C, 

volvol lum IB. 

t'int'onet 8C. 

makal 9C; makbil 9C, 

(eyes): mutz'bil 7C, 9C; mutz'ul 7C, 9C, 

object that has been closed: makben 9C, 

nak'nak'eb 22C; nak'obU 22C. 

nok' 3ID; pak'al 3ID; pano 3ID. 

(general term): pok' 3ID, 
374 SMrrHSONL\N CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

clothe 

clothes 

clothing 

cloud 

any cloth covering: but'iabil 9C, 3ID, 

any cloth that object is placed on: las 9C, 

bench clotii: but'iabil 22D, 

carrying cloUi: pech'ech'il 22C, 22D. 

clotii gusset muk'ubeb 3ID; p'oleb 3ID, 

cover one's head witii a cloth: paiioUn 9C, 

31. 

cover with a cloth: tasi 9C, 31. 

cover witii cloth or clothing: lutz' 9C, 31. 

embroidered cloth: luchbU pok' 3 ID, 

goat's hair cloth: pimil pok' 3ID; tux-nok' 

chij pok' 3 ID, 

green cloth: yaxal pok' 8F1, 31D, 

gray (mixture of black and while): sak-tanan 

8F1,31D, 

heavy clotii: muk' naul 31D; pim naul 3 ID; 

pimU nok' 3 ID. 

mend cloth: xoj 3 ID. 

object being covered with cloth: lutz'oj 9C. 

piece of cloUi removed to narrow suit: yubeb 

31D. 

small clotii: bUc'tal pok' 3 ID. 

thin clotii: bUc'it naul 3ID; jayal nok' 3ID; 

jayal pok' 3ID; palivil 3ID; pativil pok' 

3 ID. 

warp cloth: mel te'om 3ID. 

warper of clotii: jtijvanej 31B. 

woven clotii: jolob 3 ID; jolobU 3 ID. 

k'u'un 31. 

(give person clothing): k'u'ultas 31. 

clothe oneself: pix ba 31. 

change one's clotiies: k'exoj 31. 

clothes iron: net'ob pok' 22C; net'obil 22C, 

remove mourning clothes: 'olan ta ch'ob 

18E,31, 

k'u'ul 3IC, 

clothing being worn: k'u'unej 31, 

clothing witii embroidered hem: jochbU ti' 

k'u'ul 31C; luchbU ti' k'u'ul 31C, 

edge of clothing: ti' k'u'ul 31, 

object being covered with clothing: pixoj 

9C,31, 

own clotiiing: k'u'un 31. 

piece of clothing: k'u'unej 31. 

ragged clothing: lo'ol k'u' lOE, 21D, 31. 

undulating trim of clotiiing: puxil 31; puxuxlUck'u'31, 

use clothing: k'u'un 31. 

wrinkle in clothing: pux lOE, 31. 

tok IC. 

cloud over: 'Uc'-pultay IC; 'Uc'-pultay osil 

ta tok lA; tz'i'lej ta tok [change color or 

become ugly with clouds] IC, 14E; lik lok 

IC; naka lok 'ayan [have just clouds be 

cloud-covered 

cloudy 

cloven-fool 

cloven-fooled 

clover 

cluck 

clutch 

coagulate 

coal 

coarse 

coat 

coatimundi 

cobweb 

coccyx 

cochineal 

cockscomb 

cocoa 

cognizance 

coU 

coUed 

coin 

cold 

born] IC, 14; nupij tok IC; taot ta tok IC. 

rain cloud: tatal tok IC. 

storm cloud: chaiUdl tok IC. 

be cloud-covered: tok 'a'i IC. 

'Uc'-pulan 'osil la tok IC; makal 'osU 

[covered weather or sky] IC, 14E; toktUc 

IC. 

voy 6F. 

'oy voy 6F; loch'ol voy 6F. 

trebol 5A. 

t'okt'onet 6B2,8C1. 

(hen): kokkonet 6B2, 8C1. 

kUc9D. 

pat ba 3; tatub 3, 

red hot coal: 'ak'al ID. 

coarse person: naka vinik 16L; p'onko'lUc 

no 'ox 16L; tenkex vinUc 16L, 

coat of maU: cholol tak'in 21E2, 31C, 

large wide coat v/ithout buttons: sayo 15A4, 

31C; xojobU 31, 

koktom 6A1, 

na 'om [spider house] 6E, 14. 

koj chak7Al. 

bon 6E; ch'uj 6E, 

cochineal cactus: ch'ieb ch'uj 5A, 6E; te'el 

ch'uj 5A, 6E. 

covered witii cochineal bugs: pim ch'uj 6E, 

9C; toj ch'ujch'ujtUc 6E, 9C. 

tzalub 6F. 

cocoa pod: pat kokov [cocoa back] 5B, 14B8. 

counterfeiting of cocoa beans: p'isel ta 

kokov 5B, 27C, 

dilute cocoa: piUc' kokov 23A3, 

forge cocoa: pak'tay la kokov 27C, 

forged cocoa: pak'iaybU ta kokov 27C. 

make cocoa by grinding it: juch' kokov 

23A3. 

pour cocoa from bowl lo bowl (as when they 

pour a gourd of cocoa into anotiier to 

make foam): t'oj 23A3; t'oj kokov 23A3. 

tzall, 16C. 

k'amam 3; xotey 3. 

coU up (snake): xot ba 3,6G. 

xotbil 3; xotoj ba 3; xotol 3, 

tomin 15A3, 27C, 

copper coin (quarter): 'ek'el tomin 15A3, 

27C, 29, 

gold coin: k'anal tak'in tomin 15A3, 27C, 

29; tak'in 27C, 29; tonal tak'in 27C, 29. 

stiver coin: batz'i tomin 15A3, 27C, 29. 

sUc 8A; sUcil 8A. 

be cold: sik 'a'i 8A. 

be very cold: cham ta sik [die of the cold] 

8A, 14G. 
NUMBER 31 375 

coldly 

coUar 

color 

colored 

colt 

column 

comb 

combat 

combed 

come 

comet 

comfort 

command 

commemoration 

comment 

commercial 

become cold: sUcub SA. 

bristie witii cold: ch'ix-majtay 8A. 

bristiing with cold: ch'ix-majan 8A. 

catch a cold: 'obal 'a'i 33; 'oban 33. 

feel cold: sUc 'a'i 7E, 8A. 

head cold: 'obal 33. 

make cold: sUcubes 8A; sUcubtas 8A. 

post-partum cold or cold sickness tiiat 

women frequentiy suffer: yax-chelul 18A, 

33. 

sUcsik 8A. 

iron collar: xotot tak'in 21C; xotxot tak'in 

21C. 

bon 8F1; bonobU 8F1, 

change color (face): tz'i'lej 7E, 8F1. 

change color or complexion: ch'ay 7E, 8F1; 

k'un-kola'aj 7E, 8F1, 

bonbU 8F1. 

'ol caballo 6A2, 15A9; ch'iom caballo 6A2, 

15A9. 

nakleb chikin te' [seat of wooden ear or ear 

tree] 14B6, 28D. 

marble column: chikin bax IB, 28D. 

stone column: chikin ton IB, 28D, 

stone column or pUlar: 'oy tonal IB, 28D, 

wooden column: chUcin te' 28D, 

wooden column or pUlar: 'oy te'el 28D, 

jach'ub 3IE; jach'ubtay 3IE; jach'ubtayabU 

3 IE; tus 3 IE. 

comb of hen: tzalub 6F. 

curry comb: almohasa 15A9, 25B; ch'ulob 

chij 25B. 

grow a comb: 'ayan tzalub 6G. 

have a comb: 'oy tzalub 6F. 

tuk'ay 21E. 

jach'ubtasbil 3 IE; tusbU 31E, 

tal 9A1; Hul 9A1, 

come this way: U' tal 9A1. 

come to: kuxol 7E, 34. 

have just come: Hulel 'oy 2, 9A1; Hulel lo 

2,9A1. 

fiery comet xojob k'ak'al [sunbeam] lA, 

14G. 

patbey 'olonton [mold one's heart] 14B6, 

16A. 

taki 16E; takiej 16E; takivan 16E. 

na'obil 2. 

suteb 13A; sutejeb 13A; sutejes 13A; sutes 

[return] 11, 14; sutesabU 13A; sutp'ijeb 

13A; sutp'in 13A; sutp'inabU 13 A; vaUc'un 

[turn over] 11, 14; vaUc'unabU 13A, 

(in book): vaUc'ujeb 11 A, 

commercial deal: vinajesabU ve'el [identification meal] 14, 27. 

commit commit oneself: k'uban ba 16D, 

committed k'ubanbU 16D. 

common 'oy no 'ox buyuk 12; jUom no *ox 'oy 12; 

naka k'op no 'ox 12; naka Ha' no 'ox 12; 

ta sul 12. 

communal 'ol [heart] 14B6, 20. 

community *ol 19. 

companion chi'U 16D; lak' 16D; nup 16D. 

compare nop 8G; p'is 8G; tij 8G. 

comparison joy-k'op [roundabout word] 8G, 14J; nopk'op [tiiought up word] 8G, 14J; nopel 

8G; p'isbU k'op [measured word] 8G, 14J. 

comparison of person: tijel 8G. 

compass p'is 26B. 

compassion k'uxubinvanej 16A. 

compete compete with: k'exvan 16C; nak 16C, 

complain complain of pain or sickness: 'akanaj 33; 

'aket 33. 

complete tz'akal 2; tz'aki 'u'un 2; tz'akubtas 2, 

completed tz'akubtasbil 2, 

be completed: tz'aki 2, 

particle expressing completed time: 'ox 2; 

'oy2. 

completion tzutzeb 2; lak'eb 2, 

compUance 'ak'el la 'olontonil 16F, 

comply comply with the ordinances or mandates of 

the king or courthouse: chabi k'oplal 

[guard tiie talk] 14J, 16F, 20, 

compose (couplets, song, words): nop 11, llA, 32, 

32A, 

compulsory tzajal [red] 14D1, 17, 

conceal muk 9C, 

conceal one's anger or grief: tz'Uc 9C, 16H, 

16J. 

concealment mukvanej 9C. 

concealment of anger or grief: tz'ikel 9C, 

16H, 16J; tz'ikvanej 9C, 16H, 16J, 

conceive (woman): 'alaj 7E, 18A. 

conciUate ch'anantas 20A, 

conclude Hu' 'u'un 2, 

concubine 'ajmul 18C; 'ix ta majel 18C. 

have a concubine: 'ajmulin 18C; 'oy 'ajmul 

18C; majav 18C. 

condition pasel 4; talel 4. 

confess 'al mul 20A, 35C; ch'ay mul 20A, 35C; 

James 20A, 35C; vinajes 20A, 35C. 

confessed pubUcly confessed: Hapbil ti' 20A, 35C. 

confession confesion 15Al, 20A, 35C; tojobtasabU 

20A, 35C; tojobtasabU 'olontonil 20A, 

35C; tojobtasel 'olontonil [heart correction] 14B6, 20A, 35C, 

hear confession: tojobtas 20A, 35C; tojobtasbey 'olonton 20A, 35C, 

make one's confession: meltzajes 'olonton 
376 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

20A, 35C; tojobes 'olonton 20A, 35C; 

tojobtas 'olonton 20A, 35C. 

make pubUc confession: Hap ti'il 20A, 35C. 

pubUc confession: Hap ti* 20A, 35C; Hap 

ti*U 20A, 35C. 

take confession: pas confesion 15A1, 20A, 

35C. 

confessor (priest): jtojobtasej-'olontonU 35A. 

confessor who confesses his sins: j'al-mul 

20A, 35A, 35C; jjam-mul 20A, 35 A, 35C. 

confidant jmak muktal k'op 16D. 

confide confide in: tzoy ba [tether oneself] 14, 16D; 

jok'an ba [hang oneself] 14, 16D; k'uban 

ba [entrust oneself to] 14, 16D; man ba 

[buy oneself] 14,16D. 

confidence source of confidence: jok'leb 16D. 

confident jok'ol 16C. 

confident person: jjok'anej ba 16C. 

confiding jok'anej ba 16D; k'ubanej ba 16D. 

confirmation confirmacion 15A1, 35C. 

confiscate tzajal-poj lOD, 21C; pojbey lOD, 21C. 

confiscate another's property in a dispute: 

lekbey lOD, 20A, 21C. 

confused sokoltik 11, 

be confused in conversation, speech, or the 

doctrine: sok *u*un 11,13A, 35C, 

confusion jinel 11; sa'el 11; sokel 11. 

conquer nak 2IE; pas yabut 2IE; yabutij 2IE; yabutin 

21E. 

conqueror jyabutijel 2IE; nakmal 2IE. 

conquest yabutU 21E. 

conscience act in good conscience: jok'an ta ch'ulel 

16A, 16D, 

throw the burden of one's conscience upon 

others: jok'an la ch'ulel 16F. 

consecrate ch'uiltas 35C. 

consent 'a'i 16F; k'an *a'i 16F; k'op 16F. 

do witii everyone's consent patob 'utz 'a'i 

pas 16F, 

do witiiout one's consent: mo 'utzuk 'a'i pas 

16K. 

'at 'olonton [have one's heart count] 11, 

14B6; 'at la 'olonton 11; na' ta 'olonton 

[know in one's heart] 11,14B6. 

'et'esab 'osU 16A; ch'ubayel 'olonton [building of one's heart] 14B6,16A; laanejesabU 16A; patel 'olonton [molding of the 

heart] 14B6,16A, 

consolation in one's grief: laanejesabU 

me'anajel 16A, 16J, 

console ch'ubay 16A; ch'ubay 'olontonU 16A; pat 

'olontonU 16A; patbey 'olonton 16A, 

consoler jch'ubayej-'olontonil 16A; jpat-'olontonU 16A. 

constable jnam-te' 20. 

consider 

consolation 

constipated 

construction 

consult 

consumptive 

contagious 

contend 

contender 

content 

continent 

continuaUy 

continue 

continuous 

contract 

contradict 

contrary 

convalesce 

conversation 

conversion 

convert 

converted 

convulsion 

cook 

cooked 

cool 

cooled 

be constipated: mak 33; paj 33. 

ch'ubajel 28; ch'ubanej 28; ch'ubayej 28; 

naivej 28. 

k'opon ba 11. 

consuU witii many: tzobol-k'opon ba 11; 

•chanul-k'opoj 11; *chanul-k'opon ba 11. 

consult with many (as in tiie courthouse): 

tzobol-k'opoj 20A; cha* mel k'opoj 20A; 

cha* mel k'opon ba 20A; jak'bey ba k'op 

20A. 

•kiiuch 'ojov 33. 

ch'ambU 33. 

be contagious: ch'amet 33. 

nak 20A; nakav 20A; tup'bey ba k'op 20A. 

nakbal 20A. 

'ak' ta'aluk 'a'i 16B; 'ak' ta'aluk *oy 'a*i 

16B; ta*al *oy 'a'i 'u'un 16B. 

be content ta'al 'oy 'a'i 16B. 

batz'i balumU IB; batz'i lum IB; lajel bat 

IB. 

Ha' no 'ox 2. 

Ha'al 'ech' 2; Halejes 2. 

continue doing: naka Ha' no 'ox pas 2. 

jUol 'osil [length of time] 2,14E. 

ch'akeb k'op [division of words] 14J, 27; 

kak ba 27; nopeb k'op [agreement of 

words] 14J, 27. 

(as when a snake contracts and coUs): tz'al 

ba9D. 

tup' k'op 13A; valak-patin k'op 13A; yan 'al 

13A; yan k'opoj 13 A. 

on the contrary: ta valak-pat 13A. 

'ich' 'ip 33; 'ipaj 33. 

be confused in conversation: sok k'op 13A, 

16L. 

cut short one's conversation: ch'ak ta be k'op 

2, 13A;yalesk'op2,13A, 

(as of St Paul): sutel 'olontonU [return of Uie 

heart] 14B6, 35C. 

k'atajes 35C. 

be converted: k'ataj 35C; sut 'olonton 35C; 

suttzaj 35C; sutp'ij 35C. 

be converted (from sinful ways): Hul 'olonton [have one's heart return] 14B6, 16A, 

35C, 

jUc'avel chamel 33. 

pan 23A3; pas ve'el 23A3, 

panbil 23A3. 

k'un-sUcub 8A; sUc 8A; sikubes 8A; sikublas 

8A. 

cool off (weather): k'un-sUcub 'osil [have 

weather cool slowly] 1 A, 8A, 14E. 

cool water: k'un-yaman sikU Ho' IC, 8A. 

k'un sUc 8A, 
NUMBER 31 

coolness 

copper 

copy 

cord 

cordage 

corn 

corncob 

corner 

correct 

corrector 

k'un-yamajel 8A. 

refreshing cooUiess as in tiie lowlands: 

k'un-yaman sik lA, 8A. 

copper vein: lok'eb 'ek'el 29. 

chanbey 11,16N; lok'tay 11,16N, 

copy or imitate (writing, work): k'elubey 

11 A, 16N; k'eluy 11 A, 16N; lok'taybey 

llA, 16N. 

ch'ajnul 26B; ch'ojon 26B. 

'ak'il 26B. 

'ixim 5B, 26. 

attachment point of corn kernel or attachment 

stem of ear of corn: 'uxub 'ixim 5B, 

be threshed (corn): tek'ey 'ixim 26, 

corn field laborer: jchob-'abtel 26, 

corn field weeder: jtukesej-lum 26; jtukiejchobtik 26; jtukiej-lum 26. 

corn flour: ch'Uim 23Al. 

corn husk: jojoch' 5B, 

corn stalk: vale* 5B. 

corn stubble: k'ajben 5B, 26. 

corn that has been bought 'ekel 27. 

corn that matures in sixty days: 'ox-vinik 

k'in 'ixim 5B, 26. 

dry ear of corn: vojton 5B, 26. 

ear of corn (when the kernels are beginning 

to develop): yi batel 5B, 26, 

ear of corn (when the kernels are large and 

soft): 'ajan 5B, 26, 

ear of young corn (milky with undeveloped 

kernels): yi 5B, 26, 

painted corn: tz'ibal 'ixim [written corn] 5B, 

14, 26. 

person who spends many days in the 

cornfield: jk'ulej ta chobtUc 26. 

rainy season corn: Ho'tikil 'ixim 5B, 26, 

sour corn gruel: pajal *uch'om-o' 23A1. 

summer corn: k'ak'altikU 'ixim 5B, 26; 

k'ak'altikil 'osil 'ixim 5B, 26. 

thresh corn: tek* 'ixim 26. 

white corn: sakU 'ixim 5B, 26. 

(after it has been sheUed): bakal 5B; baklej 

*ixim 5B. 

xuk'av 3, 28D; xuk'lej 3, 28D; xuk*ultik 3, 

28D, 

corner of house: chUcin na [house ear] 3, 

14B3, 28D; xokon na 3, 28D, 

form a point or corner (cUff): tz'e'p'uj IB, 3, 

go by a cUff that forms a point or corner 

tz'e*el batel IB, 3,9A1. 

'utz 11. 

(person, writing): tojobes 11, 16C; tojobtas 

11,16C. 

(of unspecified subject): jtojobtasvanej 11, 

16C. 

corrector ofcorridor 

corrupt 

corrupted 

corruption 

cost 

-: jtojobtasej377 11,16C. 

costiy 

cotton 

cough 

councU 

counsel 

counselor 

count 

counter 

counterfeit 

counterfeiter 

country 

couple 

courage 

courageous 

court 

courtesan 

courthouse 

wooden corridor: chikin te' 28D. 

tz'i'lejes 16P; tz'i'ley 16R 

become corrupt: kola'aj 16P. 

tz'i'lejesbil 16P; tz'i'leybU 16R 

be corrupted: tz'i'lej 16P, 

tz'i'lejel 16P, 20; kola'al 16P, 20; ma'-baU 

16P, 20, 

tam tojol 27. 

cost more: jelav tojol 27, 27B; muy tojol 27, 

27B. 

cost so much: Hech *ak' tojol 27B; Hech 

'epal tojol 27B. 

more costiy: muyesbU tojol 27B. 

tux-nok' 5B. 

card cotton: sivuj 5B, 31A, 

clean and pick cotton: sivuj 5B, 26. 

'obal 33; 'oban 33. 

have a cough: 'obal 'a'i 33. 

person witii a bad cough: j*obal 33, 

ch'akebal na 20; jch'akel 20. 

'ol 11; tzitz 11; tzitza'aj 11; tzitzel 11; tzitzo' 

11. 

take counsel seriously: ta la 'olonton [find 

in one's heart] 14B6. 

jtzitza'ajel 11; jtzitzvanej 11. 

'at 12; 'atolaj 12; *'elo 12; 'otol 12, 

(person): j'atolayel 12; j'atvanej 12; j'otol 

12. 

counterfeit cocoa bean: k'axtok kokov 27C. 

jpak'tay vanej UA, 16N, 27C; jpak'tayvanej 

ta tz'ib 11 A, 16N,27C. 

native country: lumal [ground] 14E, 19; na 

19; yo' 'oy ch'i [where one grows up] 14, 

19; yo' 'oy vinkilay [where one is born] 

14.19. 

one of a couple: nup 12. 

tzatzal 'olonton [strong heart] 14B6, 16E; 

tzatzalil 16E; tzatzubel 16E; ch'ilomal 

16E; miUc'ul 'olontonil [big heart] 14B6, 

14F1, 16E. 

courageous person: jtzatzal-'olonton 16E. 

tz'omol yo* *oy Hu* ch'akel [stool where 

decisions are made] 14, 20, 20A. 

court of justice: nakleb yo* 'oy pas ch'akel 

20, 20A; nak'ob k'op [word repository] 

14J, 20, 20A. 

ta tz'el 'ojov xanav [he who lives or walks 

beside the lord] 14,20; ta na 'ojov xanav 

[he who lives or waUcs in tiie lord's house] 

14.20. 

'ol na [house of tiie heart] 14B6,20A, 28C3; 

ch'akebal 'ol [judgment place of Uie 
378 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

cousin 

cover 

covered 

covet 

covetousness 

cow 

coward 

cowardly 

cowherd 

cowUck 

coyote 

crab 

crack 

cracked 

craft 

craftsman 

heart] 14B6, 20A, 28C3; ch'akob k'op 

[where words are judged or divided] 14J, 

20A, 28C3. 

'ix me'elil 18F. 

balobU 9C; but'i 9C; nuj-maki 9C. 

(bowl, pitcher, pot, waterjug): mak 9C, 22C. 

cover one's nakedness: pix 7E, 9C, 31. 

cover up: but' 9C. 

cover with clothing: pix 7E, 9C, 31. 

makal 9C. 

be covered up: but'ij 9C. 

covered object: but'iej 9C; but'oj 9C. 

object being covered as a pitcher or pol: 

makoj 9C, 22C. 

k'upin 160. 

k'upinvanej 160. 

covetousness that one receives: k'upinel 

160. 

vacas 6A2,15A9. 

cow barn: na vacas 15A9, 28C1. 

cow or mare, etc. that has given birth: 'alnom 

6A2. 

ferocious cow: k'ak'al vacas 6A2,15A9. 

jxi'el 16J. 

'unen 'olonton [baby heart] 14B6, 14F2, 

16J; bUc'tal 'olonton [smaU heart] 14B6, 

14F2,16J. 

jchabi-vacas 15A9, 26A. 

tzukutz 7C. 

with a cowlick: tzukumtUc 7C. 

'ok'U 6A1. 

yox 6D. 

'ap'al 3, lOE; 'ap'el 3, lOE; izUc'el 3, lOE; 

tzUc'Uul 3, lOE; t'aj 3, lOE; t'ajalU 3, 

lOE; I'ajel 3, lOE; vok'benal 3; vok'olU 

3, lOE. 

(as earth, fresh tUe or wood cracks in the 

sun): jal IB, lOE. 

(board, window, door): 'ap'alul lOE, 28. 

bad crack: 'up'el lOE; 'up'ulU lOE. 

crack badly: 'up' lOE. 

crack open: tzik' lOE. 

crack open (ground): 'ap' IB, lOE. 

'ap'al lOE; jalal lOE; I'ajal lOE; vok'bU 

lOE; vok'ol lOE. 

(heels): t'ajaltik 33. 

badly cracked: 'ap'ap'tik lOE; t'ajajtUc lOE. 

cracked in many places: 'ap'ap'tik lOE; 

'up'up'tUc lOE; Izik'Uc'tik lOE. 

cracked open: izUc'il lOE. 

cracked wall: 'up'ul lOE, 28D1. 

'abtel 30; 'abtelanel 30. 

jna'vanej 30A, 

master craftsman: jtza-'abtel 30A. 

craftsmanship 

craggy 

cram 

cramp 

crash 

crashing 

crave 

craziness 

crazy 

creak 

cream 

create 

created 

credit 

crest 

cricket 

crier 

criminal 

cripple 

crippled 

crocodile 

crooked 

crookedmouthed 

crookedly 

cross (1) 

cross (2) 

cross-eyed 

crossbar 

crossbow 

'utzil pasvanej 30; tza 30. 

craggy area: va'al ch'en IB. 

lom ta tek'el 9E. 

cram in (witii one's feet): pak' la tek'el 9E. 

tzeluyel 33. 

(faUing rocks): p'ajlajet IB, 8C. 

(support or beam when breaking): voch'laj 

8C, lOE. 

crashing sound (support, beam): voch'lajel 

8C. lOE; voch'latel 8C, lOE. 

sitz'el 'osU 'a'i [feel craving time] 14E. 

ma'-'olal 33; ma'-ba 'olal [calamitous heart] 

14B6, 33; Hoviel 33; Hovil 33. 

Hov 33. 

tz'iet 8C; jo'et 8C. 

lam 23A2. 

(as God made tiie world): pas lOA, 35D. 

be created: 'ayan lOA. 

bought on credit: HalzinbU lOB, 27. 

give on credit 'ak' ta ch'amol IOC, 27; 'ak' 

ta HatzU IOC, 27. 

lose one's credit: mu k'ot k'op [one's word 

does not arrive] lOD, 14J, 27. 

receive on credit k'ex lOB, 27. 

take on credit Hatzin lOB, 27. 

that taken on credit Hatzinej lOB, 27. 

feather crest: butzuy 6F. 

grow feather crest 'ayan butzuy 6G. 

have feather crest: 'oy butzuy 6F. 

chU 6E. 

town crier: j'ov 20. 

criminal process: Hun [paper] 14, 20A. 

pek'aubes 33; pek'aubtas 33. 

*'aniblasbU 33; pek'a 33. 

be crippled: *'ani 33. 

become crippled: pek'aub 33. 

'ain 6C. 

lukluk 3, lOE; nelnel 3, lOE. 

become crooked (Une, edge, road): k'ejp'uj 

3, lOE. 

go crooked (line, path): nelp'uj 3, lOE, 

iz'oto-ti' 7C. 

sitting crookedly: t'ocht'och 7D. 

cruz 15A1, 35B, 

arm of the cross: manga de cruz 15A1, 35B, 

k'atey 9A1; poyey 9A1. 

(ocean, river): p'as 9A1,9A2. 

cross over: jelav 9A1, 

xiji-sat 33. 

makobU mak na 28D; makobil puerta 15A8, 

28D. 

t'in tak'in 21E2; t'inal tak'in 21E2; vallesta 

15A7, 21E2; yolob tak'in 21E2. 
NUMBER 31 379 

crossbowman 

crossroads 

crosswise 

crowd 

crown 

crozier 

crucify 

cruel 

cruelty 

crumb 

crumble 

crumbled 

cry 

crying 

crossbow bolt yolobil 21E2. 

crossbow pellet mould: ch'ulobU tuk'al lum 

21E2; pasobU tuk'al lum 21E2. 

jyalbayvanej 21E1; jyalvanej 21E1; yalom 

21E1. 

yo* *oy nup ba be [where roads meet] 9A1, 

14. 

k'atal 3; poyol 3. 

object being placed crosswise: k'atanej 9B. 

place crosswise: k'atan 9B. 

set down crosswise: poyan 9B. 

'epal vinUc 12; *chanul vinUc 12; pisU vinUc 

12. 

crowd forward: vetz' ba talel 9A1. 

crowd in or towards: *tekel tal 9A1, 

nit-baijes 3 IE; nit-bain 3 IE, 

(witii which they dance): nit-bail 3 IE, 32A. 

featiier crown: nit-ba k'uk'um 6F, 3IE. 

flower crown: nit-ba nichim 3 IE. 

put on a crown: nit-baij 3 IE. 

xotxot tak'in 31C, 35B; xotxot te* 31C, 35B. 

baj la cruz 15A1, 35C. 

ch'Uom 'olonton [warrior heart] 14B6, 161; 

k'ok' 'olonton [hot or fire heart] 14B6, 

14G, 161. 

be cruel: mo k'uxubinvan 161, 

become cruel: k'ak'ub [become hot] 14G, 

161; lek'-ti'ub 161; te'te'ub 161. 

cruel person: k'ak'al vinUc [hot person] 14G, 

161; lek'-ti'U vinUc 161; te'te' vinUc 161; 

te'te'U vinUc 161. 

k'ak'al [heal] 14G, 161; k*ak*ubel 161; 

lek*-ti'U [lip-licking] 14B5, 161; te'te'U 

[woodenness] 14C, 161. 

p*uyuUl 12, 23A1; p'uyulU vaj 12, 23Al; 

xul 12, 23A1. 

tiny crumb: sesenbil vaj 12,23Al. 

p'uyUan lOE. 

(bread): xul lOE, 23A4. 

crumble witii the fingers or as parrots 

crumbUng bread into large crumbs or 

small pieces: sesen 6B1,7E1, lOE, 23A4, 

crumble with tiie hands: ju' 7E1, lOE, 23A4. 

crumble with the hands (lumps of sugar): 

p'uy 7E1, lOE, 23A4. 

p'uybU lOE; p'uyul lOE; xutbU lOE; xutul 

lOE. 

crumbled object ju'ben lOE; p'uyben lOE. 

object being crumbled: ju'oj lOE; p'uyoj 

lOE. 

'avalet 16J; 'avan 16J; 'ok' 16J; 'ok'olet 16J. 

cry over person: 'ok'etay 16J. 

'ok'el 16J. 

be worth crying over: tojol 'aboltay 16A; 

cubit 

cudgel 

cultivate 

cultivated 

cultivating 

cultivation 

cultivator 

cunning 

cup 

cupbearer 

cupboard 

cupped 

cur 

curable 

curassow 

curd 

curdle 

cure 

curer 

curl 

curly 

curly-haired 

current 

currish 

currishness 

curse 

tojol 'oy 'ok'etayuk 16A; tojol vokoltas 

16A. 

chumay 12. 

chin-te' 21E2; majob te' 21E2; volvol jol le' 

21E2. 

chabaj 26; chaban 26; chaban chob 26. 

cultivated field: chabajeb 26; chob 26. 

cultivated ground: chabanbil 'osil 26; chabanbil lum 26. 

cultivating tool: chabajeb 26B, 

chabajel 26; chabjomal 26, 

chabjom 26A, 

'ip tsa 16N; tzaibil 16N; tz'ib 'olonton 

[writing heart] 14B6,16N; p'ij 16N. 

cunning person: jtzainom 16N. 

make cunning: tz'i'lej 'u'un 16N; tz'i'lejes 

16N; tz'i'ley 16N; kola'ajes 16N. 

make person cunning: kola'aj 'u'un 16N. 

'uch'obU 22C; taza 15A5, 22C. 

cup one's hand (as when we lake water): 

k'et7El, 

glazed cup: ch'ulul taza 15A5, 22C, 

pottery cup: chUc'bU lum 22C, 

jp'is-chi' 22A, 

nak'nak'eb 22C; nak'obU 22C. 

object cupped in tiie hand: k'etoj 7E1. 

bUc'tal tz'i' 6A2. 

be ciuable: *utz kol 'u'un 34. 

great curassow: j'is 6B1. 

tatubtasbU chu' chij 23A2; tatubtasbU chu'ul 

23 A2, 

pat ba 23A3; tatub 23A3. 

'utzibtas 34; poxtaj 34. 

jpoxil 34; jpoxtayej 34, 

mutzib 7C, 

curl up (as do some caterpUlars or bugs when 

touched): tzub ba 6G, 9C. 

become curly: mutzepay 7C; mutzib 7C, 

mutzeptUc jol 7C; mutzey jol 7C; mutzutztik 

jol 7C, 

Ha' te 'oy 2; Ha' te tana 'ech' 2, 

be current tana to 'ayan 2, 

Stem the current kiktzaj 9A2, lOD. 

currish act tz'i'U pasel 16P. 

tz'i'U 16R 

'ut 16H; 'ut dios 15A1, 16H, 35D; 'ut santo 

15A1, 16H, 35D; 'utvan 16H; chakanol 

k'op [words of hate] 14J, 16H; chakanoltay 16H; chakanoltayvanej 16H; kola'al-

'al [speak wickedly] 14J, 16H; ti'ol k'op 

[words of hate] 14J, 16H; ti'oltay 16H; 

ti'oltayvanej 16H, 

person who curses: jchakanoltayvanej 16H. 

person who curses another: jchakanol-k'op 
380 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

16H. 

cursed chakanoltaybil 16H; ti'oltaybU 16H. 

custodian jchabiomal 20; jchabivanej 20. 

(of an orphan): jchabiomal-me'on 18B, 20, 

21B. 

custody chabiel lOB, 20A; chabiomal lOB, 20A; 

chabivanej lOB, 20A, 

custom pasel [doing] 11, 14; talel [coming] 11, 14; 

Hech talel 11. 

cut jis lOE; jisbenal lOE; jos lOE; josbenal lOE. 

(cloth into many pieces): kupilan lOE, 31A. 

(upright object as a ti-ee): tz'et lOE, 26. 

(witii scissors, etc.): lotz'oj lOE. 

(with two things, as scissors or as they cut 

the thatch for their houses with an ax and 

a stick): lotz' lOE, 28; sep' lOE, 28. 

cut in strips: jis lOE, 

cut into pieces: t'ol lOE. 

cut off: k'okbU lOE; k'okol lOE. 

cut off one's escape: joy 21E; mak 21E. 

cut or pick melon or mushroom cap: k'ok 26. 

cut or slice of beef, veal, fish: t'ol 23A3. 

cut short komes lOE, 

cut the end off: ch'uy lOE, 

cut lo pieces (cloth): jisulan lOE, 31 A. 

cut witii scissors: kup lOE, 

object being cut sep'oj lOE. 

cypress 'ok'U te' [coyote tree] 5A, 14A; nukul pat 

[leatiier back] 5A, 14B8, 

D 

dagger julob tak'in 21E2; puiial 15A6,21E2; xenob 

tak'in 21E2. 

daily 'ok'om'ok'om 2A; ta ju-jun k'in 2A. 

damage kola'ajes lOE. 

damaged be damaged: tz'i'lej lOE; kola'aj lOE. 

dammed be dammed up: komtzaj IC, lOA, 28E; 

lUctzaj IC, lOA, 28E; naktzaj IC, lOA, 

28E. 

dance 'ak'ot 32A; 'ak'olaj 32A; 'ak'olal 32A. 

make dance: 'ak'otajes 16N, 32A; 'ak'ottas 

16N, 32A. 

make dance (caO: 'ak'otan 6A2, 32A, 

dancer j'ak'ot 32A; j'ak'olal 32A. 

danger tz'i'lejel 21A; tz'i'leyel 21A. 

be in danger: tz'i'lej 21A; tz'i'ley 21A. 

be out of danger: mo k'u na' [not know 

anytiiing] 14C, 16G. 

free from danger: koles 16G; koltay 16G. 

dangerous tz'i'lelal 21A. 

be dangerous: 'ip tz'i'lelal 21A, 

dangerous sickness: tz'i'lelal chamel 33. 

dare 'ak' ch'ilomal 16E, 

daring 

dark 

dark-skinned 

darkness 

darn 

darner 

date 

daughter 

daughter-in-law 

dawn 

dawning 

day 

daytime 

daze 

dazed 

dead 

be daring: mo k'usi xi' [be afraid of notiiing] 

14,16E. 

•Uc'-pulan 8F1; *Uc*-pulantik 8F1; *Uc'*Uc' 

8F1. 

grow dark: *Uc'ub 8F1; *sapet *osU 8F1; 

*sapoj *osU 8F1. 

grow dark (sky): *ac*-pultay IC, 8F1. 

grow dark (trees in tiie distance): 'Uc'-

*otz'tay 5, 8F1; *Uc'-lomtay 5,8F1. 

have sky grow dark: 'ik'-pultay 'osU IC, 

8F1. 

dark-skinned person: *ik'al vinUc 7C, 8F1. 

'Uc'ubel 8F1. 

ch'Uc 31 A; ch'Uc ta sitz'el 31A. 

jch'Ucvanej ta sitz'el 3IB, 

k'inal 2A, 12; k'inU 2A, 12. 

man's father's brother's daughter when 

younger than he,mother's brother's daughter when younger than he: 'ixlel 'ixlel tol 

18F; 'ixleUl 18F. 

man's fatiier's or mother's brother's daughter 

when older than he: vixil 18F. 

woman's daughter 'antzU 'olol 18F. 

'aUb 18F. 

'ik'-luman 2A; 'ik'-numan 2A; 'oy to 

'ak'abal 2A; *jich'aj 'osil 2A; *jich'ajel 

2A; k'inaj 'osU [have sky become day] 

2A, 14E; k'inajel 2A; k'inU 'osU 2A; 

sak-jaman 'osil 2A; sakub 'osU 2A, 

at dawn: 'ik'-lumantik 2A; 'ik'-numantik 

2A, 

early dawn: k'inUk'inil 'osU 2A, 

sak-kepan 2A. 

k'ak'al [heal] 2A, 14G; k'in 2A, 

by day: ta k'ak'altUc 2A; ta lumuchultik 2A, 

15C. 

day after tomorrow: cha'ej 2A. 

day before yesterday: chabjey 2A. 

each day: taju-jun k'in 2A. 

holy day: chabiat k'in 2A, 35E. 

on tiie first day: ta ba k'in 2A. 

set a day: ch'ak k'in 2A; ch'akbey k'in 2A; 

paj 2A, 

the day before: 'ok'ob xa 'oy 2A. 

what day?: buy k'ak'al 2A; buy k'ak'al k'in 

2A. 

in tiie daytime: ta k'ak'altik 2A, 15C; ta 

lumuchultik 2A. 

ma'-sati 33. 

(as when they daze birds): ma'-satij 24. 

(bu-ds): ma'-satijes 24; tup'bey sat 24. 

be dazed: tup' sat 33. 

chamal 18E. 

be absolutely dead: lajel cham 18E. 
NUMBER 31 381 

deadfall 

deadline 

deadly 

deaf 

deafen 

deafness 

dealer 

death 

debenture 

debt 

be dead: ch'ay [lose] 14,18E; ch'ay *Uc' [lose 

one's breatii] 14B5,14C, 18E; laj 18E. 

dead person: chame-vinUc 18E; jchamel 18E; 

jch'ayel 18E; jlajel 18E. 

half-dead: 'olbaj chamuk 18E, 33; k'an 

chamel 18E, 33. 

nearly dead person: lut'um-'e vinUc [scar 

moutii person] 14B5,18E, 33. 

deadfall for birds or mice: petz' 24. 

hunting with a deadfall: petz'ayej 24. 

trap mice or birds tiiat are taken with a 

deadfall: petz'ay 24. 

ch'akbU k'in 2. 

set (deadUne): ch'akbU 2. 

set a deadline: ch'ak k'in 2. 

deadly herb: jtzamesvanej pox 5,18E. 

deadly thing: jtzamesvanej 18E. 

kok 8C1, 33. 

deaf person: kokil vinik 8C1, 33. 

grow deaf: kokib 8C1, 33. 

kokibes 8C, 33; kokibtas 8C, 33. 

kokibel 8C1, 33; kokU 8C1, 33. 

jk'opojel 27A, 

'olanel 18E; chamel 18E; ch'ayel 18E; lajel 

18E, 

be sentenced to deatii: cham ta yan 18E, 

20A. 21C. 

cruel deatii: tzelel chamel 21C; k'uxul 

chamel 18E, 21C; ma'-ba chamel 18E, 

21C. 

feign deatii: pak'tay ba ta jchamel 16N, 18E, 

near deatii: ch'akebal 'Uc' [moment before 

breath, air or wind is divided] 14, 18E; 

lajebal 18E; tas 'olonton [have one's heart 

pulled] 14B6,18E, 

passage of death: 'olanebal 18E; chamebal 

18E, 

person who feigns death: Ha' te pak'tay ba 

ta tup'el 'Uc' 16N, 18E. 

put to deatii: 'olantas 18E, 21C. 

tzakobU tak'in Hun 2ID, 27; lok'esabil 

tak'in 21D, 27. 

'U 21D, 27. 

free from debt ch'ay 21D, 27; ch'aybey 

21D, 27. 

oblige one to pay his debts: sutes 2ID, 27. 

pay a debt witii money received from 

anotiier's debt pakojbey 2ID, 27. 

pay one's debts in full: lok' 27; toj 21D, 27. 

payment of debt: lok'el 21D, 27; lok'vanej 

21D, 27; tojel 21D, 27; tojvanej 27. 

pledge security for a debt tasey 16D, 2ID, 

27. 

take a pledge of security for a debt: las 16D, 

debtor 

decay 

deceit 

deceitful 

deceitfuUy 

deceive 

deceived 

deceiver 

declare 

decline 

decorate 

decoy 

decrease 

decreased 

deed 

deep 

21D, 27; tasbey 16D, 21D. 27. 

jHatzinvanej 2 ID, 27. 

joch'ib lOE. 

IzaU k'op [imagined words] 14J, 16N; 

cha'-lom k'op [two time words] 14J, 16N. 

deceitful person: jtzainom 16N; jchibal-k'op 

[he of two words] 14J, 16N. 

deceitful questioning: jotz'-k'op [word dragging] 14J, 16N. 

make deceitful: tz'i'lej 'u'un 16N; tz'i'lejes 

16N; tz'i'ley 16N; kola'ajes 16N. 

make person deceitful: kola'aj 'u'un 16N; 

Hovi 'u'un 16N. 

ta tzaU k'op 16N; ta cha'-lom k'op 16N; ta 

lo'loyel 16N; ta lo'loyvanej 16N, 

deceive oneself: ch'ay 'olonton 16N; Hovi 

16N. 

deceive person about the price of something: 

lo'loy 16N, 27.27B. 

deceive witii fair-seeming words: cha' lom 

k'oplay 16N; tasley-k'optay [cover and 

speak against] 14J, 16N, 

deceive with plots: yakubes 16N; Hovintas 

16N. 

person deceived by otiiers: jlo'loyel 16L. 

jtzail-k'op 16N; jcha' lom k'op 16N. 

declare oneself: vinajes 'ik' [display one's 

breath, air or wind] 14B5,16N. 

(in number, population, property or raiUc): 

vetz' lOD, 12, 16L, 20, 21B. 

(person, property): jayub lOD, 16L. 

decorate with branches: 'ak' k'ob te' [put 

tree arms] 14B10,16R, 

decorate with pine needles: 'ak' xak-toj 5A, 

16R; 'otes xak-toj 5A, 16R, 

decorate with planted branches: tz'un k'ob 

te' 16R; paj k'ob te' 16R, 

chanbey 'ok 16N, 24; chanbey ti' 16N, 24, 

bird decoy: 'Uc'ob mut 16N, 24. 

decoy bird with a whistie: 'ik' mut 16N, 24. 

decoy deer with a whistle: 'Uc' chij 16N, 24. 

decoy with a whistie: 'Uc'van 16N, 24. 

deer decoy: 'ik'ob chij 16N, 24. 

'ul lOD, 12; 'ulel lOD, 12; k'oxib lOD, 12; 

tup' lOD, 12; vetz' lOD, 12; vetz'es lOD, 

12. 

(water): bUc'taj IC, lOD, 12. 

decrease in number: jayub lOD, 12; jutebaj 

lOD, 12. 

tup'ul lOD, 12; vetz'el lOD, 12, 

pasnej 16 A, 

(as when we say, "a good deed"): pasojel 

16A, 

'ip natil 12; pulpul 12. 
382 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

deer 

defame 

defamed 

defamer 

defect 

defend 

defender 

defense 

defiled 

deflower 

deformed 

degrade 

degree 

delay 

delayed 

delayer 

deliberate 

deUberation 

deUcacy 

deUcious 

deUght 

deUghied 

delivered 

demand 

demanded 

demander 

(ravine, valley): nat IB, 12. 

(water): nab IC, 12; toj nab IC, 12; toj nat 

IC, 12, 

chij 6A1. 

'ules 16H, 16N; 'utvan 16H, 16N; puk 

'a'yejal [spread stories] 14, 16H, 16N; 

pukbey 'a'yejlal 16H, 16N; tup' 16H, 

16N. 

pukbU 'a'yejlal 16H, 16N. 

be defamed: pukbeat 'a'yejlal 16H, 16N. 

jpuk-*a*yejlal 16H, 16N; jpuk-k'op [wordspreader] 14J, 16H, 16N; jvinajesej-

'a'yejlal [person who displays stories] 14, 

16H, 16N. 

komenalU lOE; pajbenal lOE. 

koltay 20A, 21E; mak-pati 20A, 21E. 

jkoltayvanej 20A, 21E; jk'op 20A, 21E, 

object of one's defense: koltayej 20A, 21E, 

be defiled: kola'aj 16M. 

jambey bek'tal [open one's flesh] 7E, 14B11, 

18C, 18D;jal7E, 18C, 18D, 

toj kolo' 33, 

(hand, fool): chubbU 33, 

be deformed (person, animal): xi'benaj ba 

6,33. 

become deformed (head, fool): chub ba 33. 

kolo' 'ut 16H, 16M, 16P; lob 'ut 16H, 16M, 

16R 

lo some degree: juteb 12, 

jok'tzajel 2C; jok'tzajes 2C; natijel 2C; Halej 

2C; Halejel 2C; Halejes 2C. 

be delayed: jok'tzaj 2C. 

jjok'tzajel 2C; jHa'al 2C; jHalejel 2C. 

ch'ak 'olonton [divide one's heart] 11,14B6; 

pas 'olonton [one's heart does] 11,14B6. 

ch'akel 'olonton 11,16C; pasel 'olonton 11, 

16C. 

muU 8D. 

chi' 8D; mu 8D; toj 'utz 8D. 

'UtzU 16B; mu 'osU chi 'u'un [have fragrant 

time] 14E, 16B; muibel 16B; muU 16B. 

bring delight to: muibes 16B; muibtas 16B. 

delight in: muib 16B; muib *osU *a'i [feel tiie 

time become fragrant] 14E, 16B. 

take delight in: 'utzib 16B; tzatzub 16B; 

nichimaj 16B; nichimaj 'osil 'a'i [feel the 

time flower] 14E, 16B. 

be deUghted: mu 'osil 'a'i 16B. 

'ak'ebU 9B; 'et'esbU 9B. 

k'anoj 13B; k'anojel 13B. 

become hard hearted or persistent in one's 

demands: tonib 'olonton 13B. 

article to be demanded: k'anbol 13B. 

jk'anojel 13B. 

demanding 

demoUsh 

denier 

denounce 

dented 

deny 

depart 

departiu-e 

depopulate 

depopulated 

deposit 

deposited 

depraver 

depressed 

depression 

deprive 

depth 

deputy 

persistent demanding: k'anvanej 13B. 

jines lOE, 

(house, building): jin lOE, 28. 

demoUsh or pull down (house, buUding): tuk 

lOE, 28; tukes lOE, 28. 

jyail 16N; jmuk-k'op [word-burier] 14J, 

16N. 

'ilan 16H. 

lom 3, lOE; lomol 3, lOE; potz' 3, lOE; 

potz'ol 3, lOE; *vuch 3, lOE; *vuchul 3, 

lOE. 

be dented: 'och lomluk 3, lOE; 'och potz'luk 

3, lOE; potz'aj 3, lOE. 

become dented: lomtzaj 3, lOE. 

denied in many places: lomomtik 3, lOE. 

slightiy dented: lomlom 3, lOE; lomoUomol 

3, lOE; potz'olpotz'ol 3, lOE; potz'potz' 

3, lOE; *vuchulvuchul 3, lOE; *vuchvuch 

3, lOE. 

'ilan 16N; mu *al 16N; mu jam 16N; mu 

meltzajes 16N; mu vinajes [not reveal] 

11, 14, 16N; muk [bury] 11, 14, 16N; ya 

ti' 11,16N, 

deny one's guilt (legal case): muktal-net'bey 

16N, 20A; net' k'op [push one's words] 

14J, 16N, 20A; net' ta 'alel 16N, 20A. 

lUc9Al;lok'9Al. 

'ech'el 9A1; batel 9A1; lUcel 9A1. 

moment of departiu"e: batel 'oy 9A1. 

recent departiu-e: batel to 9A1. 

kom ta na 21B; *lu 21B. 

be depopulated by famine or sickness: vetz' 

21B. 

be depopulated in war: ch'ay 2IB, 2IE; laj 

21B,21E. 

become depopulated by famine or sickness: 

jayub 21B; jutebaj 21B. 

deposit on bottom of evaporation pots: ton 

'atz'am 23A3. 

k'ubanbU 9B. 

jtz'i'lejes vanej 16P; jtz'i'leyvanej 16P. 

lom 3; lomol 3; potz' 3; potz'ol 3; *vuch 3; 

*vuchul 3; *vuchulvuchul 3; *vuchvuch 

3. 

sUghtiy depressed: lomlom 3; lomoUomol 

3; potz'olpotz'ol 3; potz'potz' 3. 

chaklej IB, 3. 

form a depression or hollow: chaktzaj IB, 3. 

with a depression or hoUow (land): chakchak 

IB, 3. 

'alantas lOD; jel lOD. 

natil 12. 

jlok'tay 20. 

(of warden or governor): k'exol 20. 
NUMBER 31 383 

descend 

descent 

desert 

deserve 

desire 

despair 

desperation 

despise 

despondency 

despondent 

destination 

destroy 

destroyed 

detain 

detained 

deterioration 

determine 

detest 

detestation 

detested 

detester 

devastate 

devastated 

deviate 

devil 

devilish 

yal 3,9A1. 

gradual descent nelel IB, 3,9A1; neUej vitz 

1B,3,9A1. 

gradual descent (patii): nelel batel IB, 3, 

9A1. 

'ol 'osil [heart land] IB, 14E. 

lekoj 'oy 16C, 16D; tojol 'oy 16C. 

k'an 16D; k*anoj 16D; k'anvanej 16D; 

k'upin 16D, 18C. 

arouse anotiier's desire: 'ak' k'upin 16D, 

18C. 

desire that one feels: k'upinvanej 16D, 18C. 

lustful desire: mulal k'upinvanej 16P, 18C, 

object of one's desire: k'upinej 16D, 18C. 

chakanoltay ba 16J; ti'ol 16J; ti'oltas 'osil 

[make time despair] 14E, 16J; ti'oltas ba 

16J, 

chakanol 16J. 

ten ch'ay [throw away] 14, 16H, 

bUc'tal 'olonton [small heart] 14B6, 14F2, 

16J; bUc'tal 'olontonU 16J. 

despondent person: jbik'tal-'olonton 16J, 

turn back witiiout reaching destination: paj 

9A1. 

lajes lOE; sok lOE; sokes lOE. 

be desti-oyed: ch'ay lOE. 

maktzajes 2C; maktzan 2C. 

(as when the alcalde does not let tiiem go 

somewhere or a friend detains them): 

nakan 2C, 20. 

nakanbU 2C. 

be detained: sa' 'olonton 2C, 9A1. 

be detained as by rain or a full riven maktzaj 

1C,2C,9A1, 

be greatiy detained in talking or walking: 

sa'lej 2C, 9A1; Ha'bej 2C, 9A1. 

person detained: nakanej 2C. 

'ulel lOE. 

ch'akoj 16C. 

'ilan 16H; chakanoltay 16H; ti'oltay 16H. 

'ila'alU 16H; chakanol 16H; chakanol k'op 

[words of hate] 14J, 16H; ti'ol 16H; ti'ol 

k'op [words of hale] 14J, 16H. 

chakanoltaybil 16H; ti'oltaybil 16H. 

j'Ua'ajel 16H; j'ilanvanej 16H. 

ch'ay lOE, 21E; lajes lOE, 21E. 

be devastated: ch'ay lOE, 21E. 

be devastated in war: laj lOE, 2IE. 

jak 3. 

kisin 15C, 35F; pukuj 35F. 

call person a devil: 'albey pukuj 16H, 35F; 

p'is ta pukuj 16H, 35F. 

kind of devil: poslom 35F, 

pukujil 16P, 35F. 

devise 

dew 

dewlap 

dewy 

diapers 

dice 

die 

diet 

different 

differentiy 

difficult 

difficulty 

dig 

digest 

digested 

diligence 

diUgent 

devilish deed: pukujil pasnej 16P, 35F. 

nop 11; nop ta 'olonton [thirUc in one's heart] 

11,14B6. 

'ov 'ak'abal IC; tz'ujul IC. 

(on plants or trees): tz'ujubal IC, 5. 

have dew fall: k'un-vilz'et Ho' IC. 

night dew: 'Uc' 'ak'abal IC, 2A; 'Uc'al 

'ak'abal IC, 2A. 

rooster's dewlap: ch'ul jkotz 6F; lokom jkotz 

6F. 

iz'ujullUc IC. 

balobU 'unen 31C; k'a'-k'u' 'unen 31C; 

k'a'-lo'ol k'u' 'unen 31C; lutz'obil 'unen 

31C. 

bul 32B. 

'olan 18E; cham 18E; ch'ay 18E; ch'ay 'Uc' 

18E; laj 18E. 

die of starvation: cham ta vi'nal 18E, 21D, 

33. 

die of the cold: cham ta sik 8A, 18E, 33. 

die of thirst cham ta taki-ti'U 18E, 33. 

'iktay 'ixim [abandon corn] 14, 23A4; 

'iktayel 'ixim 23A4; bik'it ch'amal ve' 

23A4; tojol ve'el 23A4. 

j-tek 8G; j-tekuk 8G; mo chi'iluk 8G; mo 

ko'oluk 8G; mo nupuk 8G; mu junjunuk 

8G; yan 8G. 

(especiaUy counting lineages): k'ejel 8G, 

18F. 

be different: yan 'ilel 8G; yan luk 8G. 

mo ko'oluk 8G; yan 8G; yantik 8G. 

'ip tzatzal 11; tzotz 11; tzotz 'abtelanel 11; 

tz'i'lel 11. 

be difficult 'ip 'abtel 'a'i [feel a lot of work] 

11,14C; 'ip tz'i'lelal [a lot of danger] 11, 

14. 

become difficult tzatzub 11; tzotz 'ayan 11. 

seem difficult: 'ip tzatzal 'a'i [feel il lo be 

very hard] 11,14C; 'ip tz'i'lelal 'a'i 11. 

'abtel 11; 'abtelanel 11. 

with difficulty: 'ok'elal 11. 

(as they dig with poles): jok' 9E, 28. 

dig a hole: jok' ch'en 9E. 

dig up (jicama, potato): jotz' 9E, 26. 

dig with blows as with a hoe: vok' 9E, 26. 

'et'es ve'el 7E; yal 7E; yales ve'el 7E. 

be digested: 'ech' 23A. 

baxbolal 16C. 

baxbol 16C; julan 16C; kuxul 16C. 

become dUigent: baxbolaj 16C; kux 'olonton 

16C. 

diUgent person: *j'akan-'ol 16C; baxbolal 

vinUc 16C. 

treat diligentiy or pmdentiy: 'ak' la 'olonton 
384 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

diU 

diluted 

diminish 

diminished 

diminishment 

dining 

dinner 

director 

dirt 

dirtiness 

dirty 

disagree 

disagreement 

discard 

discarded 

disciple 

discord 

discover 

discreet 

discretion 

discuss 

discussion 

'u'un [put in one's heart because of it] 

14B6, 16C. 

tzitz 5B, 

'oy kap IC. 

(wine): kapbU ta Ho' IC, 23B. 

•ules lOD, 12; ch'ay lOD, 12; tup' lOD, 12. 

ch'ayal lOD, 12. 

time or place of diminishment (of one's sins): 

ch'ayeb lOD, 12,35C. 

make a din: voet 8C; vovonet 8C. 

dining haU: na ve'el 28C2, 28D. 

(principal meal eaten at midday): kamel 

tik'el ve'el [sticking in and stuffing meal] 

14, 23A4. 

eat dinner: kamkonel tik'el ve' 23A4. 

(who lines up people): jmel-vinik 20; jmeltzajesvanej 20. 

nokoxil IB, 7G, 22E1. 

(as on old clotiies): 'Uc'uyal 7G, 22E1, 31C. 

pUc'ixU 22E1. 

'ik'ubes 22E1; 'Uc'ubtas 22E1; 'Uc'uyal ba 

22E1; 'ip 'Uc'uyal 22E1; tz'i'lejes 22E1; 

kola'ajes 22E1; nokoxtUc 22E1; pik'ixlUc 

22E1. 

be dirty: nokoxtik ba 22E1; pik'ixtik ba 

22E1. 

get dirty: 'Uc'ub 22E1; tz'i'lej 22E1; nokoxib 

22El;pik'ixub22El, 

mu junjunuk k'op [not have a single word] 

14J, 20A. 

'epal k'op [many words] 14J, 20A, 

have a disagreement 'ep k'op 20A; 'ep k'op 

ta tojol [have many words about] 14J, 

20A, 

jip ch'ay lOD; yokin ch'ay lOD. 

jipbil lOD; yokinbU lOD, 

object being discarded: jipoj lOD; yokinej 

lOD, 

jchan-k'op 35A; Ha' le chanantasbil 'u'un 

'ajval [he who is taught by Our Lord] 14, 

35A. 

'epal k'op [many words] 14J, 20A; ch'ijetel 

20A; k'uletel 20A. 

vinaj lOB; vinajes [reveal] lOB, 14. 

be discreel: 'oy tzaitzaibil 16C. 

discreel person: jtzainom 16C; jtojoltzainom 16C. 

tzaijel 16C; p'ijU 16C. 

pas k'oplal 11. 

have a discussion set in order: choley k'op 

[line up words] 11, 14J. 

propose a discussion: mel 11; *pochan k'op 

11; ta'an 11. 

theme of a discussion: likeb t'abbil k'op 11. 

disease 

disesteem 

disgrace 

disguise 

disguised 

disgust 

disgusted 

disgusting 

dish 

dishcloth 

disheveled 

dishonor 

dishorned 

disinter 

disk 

dislUce 

dislUced 

dismay 

dismount 

disobedient 

disorder 

dispute 

chamel 33. 

catch a contagious disease: ch'am lOB, 33; 

*ch'amtan lOB, 33. 

ten ch'ay 16H. 

k'exlal 16H, 16M. 

ch'ayel 16N; yanijel 16N. 

disguise oneself: ch'ay 16N; ch'ay ba 16N; 

yanij 16N; yanijes ba 16N. 

ch'aybU ba 16N; yanijesbil ba 16N. 

be disguised: ch'ay 16N. 

disguised in speech: yanijesbU ta k'op 16N. 

'ila'alU 16H; koj 16H. 

be disgusted by: 'Ua'aj 16H; 'Ua'al 'a'i 16H; 

koj 'a'i 16H; koj 'osil 'a'i [feel disgusting 

time] 14E, 16H; tavan *a'i 16H; tavan 'ilel 

'a'i 16H; tavan *osU 'a'i 16H; yaya 'a'i 

16H. 

be disgusted by the sight of: tavan 'ilel 'a'i 

16H, 

be disgusted by the sound of: tavan 'a'iel 

'a'i 16H, 

become disgusting: 'Ua'aj 16H. 

disgusting person: j'ilanvanej 16H, 

plato 15A5,22C. 

wash dishes: suk' 22E; suk'ilan 22E. 

suk'ob plato 15A5, 22E; suk'obil escudiUa 

15A5, 22E; suk'obU plato 15A5, 22E, 

disheveled hair: ch'etel tzaval jol 7G, 

with disheveled hair: ta ch'etiej jol 7G. 

dishonor that one brings: k'exavesvanej 

16M; k'exlaltasvanej 16P. 

t'ijt'ij 6F, lOD, 25. 

jotz' 9E, 18E. 

tenobU te' 3, 32B. 

metal disk: setel tak'in 3,26B. 

wooden disk: setet te' 3, 26B. 

tzoj 'U [see red] 14D1, 141, 16H; koj 'ilel 

'a'i [feel disgusted witii tiie sight of] 141, 

16H; kolo' 'a'i 16H; mo joluk 'U [not see 

as precious] 141,16H; tavan 'ilel 'a'i [feel 

disgusted with the sight of] 141,16H. 

mo joluk 'aley 16H. 

sa'bey 'olonton [look for one's heart] 14B6, 

16J. 

'olan6,9Al;yal6,9Al. 

be disobedient mo ch'uunvan 16K. 

disobedient person: Ha' te mo 'a'ivan ta 

vinUce [he who does not feel a person] 

14C, 16K; Ha' te mu 'a'i k'ope [he who 

does not hear words] 14J, 16K; Ha' le 

mu ch'uunvan 16K. 

jinel lOE, 

throw into disorder: sok lOE; sokes lOE, 

ch'ijetel 20A; labal k'op [evU words] 14J, 
NUMBER 31 385 

dissembled 

dissembUng 

dissension 

dissipated 

dissolute 

dissolution 

distance 

distant 

distill 

distUUtlg 

distinctiy 

distinguished 

distress 

distressed 

distribute 

distrust 

disbustful 

disturb 

20A; nakel vinUc [against person] 14, 

20A; naknak ba ta k'op [repel witii words] 

14J, 20A; pakpak ba ta k'op [double back 

witii words] 14J, 20A; pakpakbey ba k'op 

20A; pakpakel ta k'op 20A. 

legal dispute: k'op ta tz'el jch'akel [words 

beside the judge or divider] 14J, 20A. 

person who setties disputes: jmeltzajel 20A; 

jmeltzajesej-k'op [word maker or settler] 

14J, 20A; jmeltzajesvanej 20A; jtojobel 

20A; jtojobesvanej 20A. 

settie disputes: meltzajes ba 20A. 

start a dispute: lUces 2,20A, 

subject of dispute: nakoj 20A. 

pak'taybil ba 16N. 

cha'leyel ba 16N, 

stir up dissension: 'ixtalaj 16H, 20A, 2IE; 

'ixtalan 16H, 20A, 21E. 

be dissipated: ch'ay 16P. 

muUnultUc ba 16P. 

be dissolute: ch'ay 'olonton [lose one's 

heart] 14B6,16P; HovHovtik xanav [Uve 

or waUc crazUy] 14, 16P. 

dissolute man: HovU xinch'ok 16P. 

dissolute person: jch'ay 'ol vinUc [person 

who loses his heart] 14B6, 16P; jma' 'ol 

vinUc [heartless person] 14B6,16P, 

dissolute woman: HovU 'antz 16P. 

bak'el lOE. 

'ok' 9A1, 12; namal 9A1,12. 

keep one's distance: batbates ba 16F; namaj 

16F; namajes ba 16F; tas ba 16F. 

remove to a greater distance: jakes 9A1,9B, 

lOD; namajes 9B, lOD. 

jakal 9A1, 12; nom 9A1, 12; nomnomtik 

9A1,12;nomtUc9Al, 12. 

kumay 23B. 

kuitiayej 23B. 

tzaibil 8G; lekojlekoj 8G; tojoltojol 8G. 

jelel 16A. 16C; p*UU ba 16A, 16C. 

k'uxul 'osU [painful time] 14E, 16J; me'anajel 

'osil [sorrowful time] 14E, 16J. 

be distressed: 'ok* 'olonton [one's heart 

cries] 14B6, 16J; bUc'taj 'olonton [have 

one's heart grow small] 14B6,14F2,16J; 

me'anaj 'osU 'a'i 16J; me'anajel 'osU 'a'i 

16J, 

puk IOC; vok' IOC; vok'ilan IOC. 

distribute among selves: 'ak'bey ba IOC. 

distribute to: 'ak'bey IOC; pukbey IOC, 

k'op 'olonton [word of one's heart] 14B6, 

14J, 16N. 

chib *olonU)n [two-hearted] 14B6,16N, 

bak'es lOE; sok lOE; sokes lOE. 

disturbance 

disturbed 

disturber 

diteh 

divert 

divide 

divided 

divine 

diviner 

divinity 

division 

divulge 

dizziness 

dizzy 

do 

'ok'el 'osil [crying of tiie earth] lOE, 14, 

14E, 21E; ch'ijetel lOE, 21E. 

excite disturbances: ch'ijet *osU 'u'un lOE, 

14E, 21E; k'oplay 'osil [speak against Uie 

worid] lOE, 14E, 14J, 21E; k'ulet 'osU 

'u'un [make ground growl] lOE, 14E, 

21E; nUces 'osU [move time] lOE, 14E, 

21E; sokes 'osil [disturb time] lOE, 14E, 

21E. 

be disturbed: bak' 'olonton [one's heart 

moves] 14B6, 16J; nik 'olonton [one's 

heart moves] 14B6, 16J; sok 'olonton 

[one's heart is disturbed] 14B6,16J; sokol 

'olonton 16J. 

thoroughly disturbed (person, speech, house): 

sokoktik 13A, 16J, 28C. 

jsok-'osU 16J, 2 IE; jsok-lum [ground disturber] 14E, 16J, 21E; jsokvanej 16J, 21E, 

drainage ditch: be Ho' IC, 28E; *sapav be 

Ho' IC, 28E. 

'ak' maxilajuk 16B, 32; 'ak' muibuk [let 

become fragrant] 14C, 16B, 32; 'et'esbey 

'osil 16B, 32; lo'Utay 16B, 32; maxUtay 

16B. 32. 

divert oneself: 'ech' *osU 'u'un [have time 

pass] 14E, 16B, 32; 'et'es 'osU [make 

time pass] 14E, 16B, 32; kol la lubel 

16B, 32; lo'Uaj 16B, 32; maxilaj 16B, 32, 

ch'akes 12; puk 12, 

divide up: vok' 12; vok'ilan 12. 

divide up among selves: 'ak'bey ba IOC, 12. 

be divided into parts (rosary, sermon, talk): 

lok' 12, 35C. 

be divided up: vok' 12, 

divided up: vok'bU lOB, 12; vok'ol 12. 

objects one has divided up: pukben 12; 

vok'ben 12, 

k'inij 35F; mel k'in 35F. 

divine by lots: k'intay 35F. 

divine in water: k'inij ta Ho' IC, 35F. 

jk'ina 35F; jk'inij 35F; jk'inijel 35F; jk'intayvanej 35F; jtoj ti'iej k'op [speaker of 

straight lipped or mouUied words] 14J, 

35F; jtoj-ti'iel 35F; jtoj-ti'ivanej 35F. 

knowledge or prophecy of diviner: k'in 35F. 

ch'ual 35D; diosU 15A1, 35D. 

pukel 12; vok'el 12. 

puk 11, 16D; puk 'a'yejal 11, 16D. 

'ip ma' 33; nakbal 33. 

grow dizzy: 'ik'-pultay 'osil *a'i [feel world 

grow dark] 14E, 33; samet 'osil 33; sutel 

'osil 'a'i [feel ground whirl around] 14E, 

33. 

'ut lOA; *chetan lOA; *cheyan lOA; pas 
386 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

doctor 

doctrine 

document 

doe 

dog 

doggishness 

doleful 

doll 

dominate 

dominated 

done 

donkey 

donor 

door 

doorway 

dormitory 

10A; vesan lOA, 

do over and over: *'oyo pas 2; *'oyo'oyo 

pas 2; naka no 'ox pas 2. 

jpoxil 34; jpoxtayvanej 34. 

doctor who teaches: jchanantasvanej 11, 34. 

doctor's instrument poxtayab tak'in 34. 

ear doctor: jpoxlayej-chUcinU 34. 

experienced doctor: jk'otel-poxil 16C, 34; 

jna'vanej-poxU 16C, 34. 

eye doctor: jpoxtayej-satil 34. 

chanob k'op [word learner] 11,14J, 35C. 

make a mistake in the doctrine: sa' 'u'un 11, 

35C. 

false document: pak'-Hun 20. 

forge an official document p'is la Hun 'ojov 

[mark or measure as the lord's paper] 14, 

20. 

forged official document: pak'taybU la Hun 

'ojov 20. 

forgery of an official document: pak'tayel ta 

Hun 'ojov 20; p'isel ta Hun 'ojov 20. 

j'inam 6A1. 

tz'i' 6A2. 

angry dog: k'ak'al tz'i' [hot dog] 6A2, 14G, 

16H. 

dangerous or monstrous dog: labal tz'i' 6A2. 

partridge dog: jle-'ub 6A2, 24; jle-kuich' 

6A2, 24; jUkesej-'ub 6A2, 24; jlUcesejkuich' 6A2, 24. 

sheep dog: jchabi tux-nok' chij tz'i' 6A2,25. 

tz'i'U 6A2, 16R 

k'uxob 'olal ba [heart pain] 14B6,16J. 

chUd's doll: 'ixtol 32B. 

bet' 16E. 

bet'bil 16F, 16L. 

pasbil 2. 

asna 6A2,15A9. 

young donkey: 'ol asna 6A2,15A9. 

jk'eel IOC; jk'elanvanej IOC. 

puerta 15A8, 28D; ti' likeb [exit Ups or 

moutii] 14B5, 28D; ti' lok'ebal [exit lips 

or mouth] 14B5, 28D; ti' na [house lips 

or moutii] 14B5, 28D. 

back door: ti' pat na [lips or mouth of the 

back of tiie house] 14B5, 28D. 

bar across door lo hinder entrance: k'ux mak 

na 28D. 

door latch: makobU 28D. 

door pivot hole: va'leb 'ok mak na 28D. 

french doors: cha'-nup' mak na 28D. 

knock on the door: tij ti' na 8C1,16F. 

wooden door: mak na 28D; makobil na 28D. 

xotav 28D; xotol 28D. 

vayebal 28D. 

dot 

double 

double-chinned 

doubled 

doublet 

doubling 

doubt 

doubtful 

dough 

(in writing): 'etelU 11 A. 

(over a letter): punto UA, 15A2. 

(border, cornstaUc, hem, sugarcane): pux 26, 

31A. 

bend double: nujet 9D. 

double over: pakulan 9D, 

double over (cornstaUc, sugarcane): pak 9D, 

26. 

kutz'el nuk' 7C; kutz'u-nuk' 7C; kutz'ul 

nuk' 7C; ta kutz'lej nuk' 7C. 

puxbU 3; puxul 3. 

doubled over: pakaktik 3; pakal 3; pakbil 3; 

pakulanbil 3. 

doubled section: pakalul 3; pakbenal 3. 

jubon 15A4, 31C. 

doublet maker: jlz'is-jubon 15A4, 3 IB; 

jpas-jubon 15A4, 3IB. 

puxuUl 12. 

chib 'olonton [two hearts] 11, 14B6; nop ta 

'olonton [think in one's heart] 11,14B6. 

be doubtful: mu to jaka na'ot 11; mu to jaka 

vinaj [not yet be seen] 11; sa'al 'olonton 

[have searching heart] 11,14B6. 

become doubtful of: chibaj 'olonton 11. 

patax 23Al, 

corn dough: 'uch'omo' 23Al; juch'bil 'ixim 

23A1. 

dove 

dovecote 

down (1) 

down (2) 

downbeaten 

downhUl 

downwards 

dowry 

doze 

drag 

dragged 

drain 

drained 

draw (1) 

draw (2) 

wheat dough: tzeel castUlan vaj 15A10, 

23A1. 

stzu6Bl. 

na xch'ach'ak 28C1, 

k'un tzotzil 6F. 

la 'olon 4. 

get down: yales 9A1. 

go down: yal9Al, 

raise the downbeaten: toyes 16A. 

approaching downhiU: yalel talel 9A1. 

departing downhill: yalel batel 9A1. 

yo' 'oy tojol 'olon 9A1. 

yolob te' [arrow] IOC, 14,18D. 

give a dowry to: 'ak'bey yolob te' IOC, 18D. 

nikav 7F; vayet 7F, 

Chech 9D; joch 9D; kil 9D; xij 9D; tas 9D. 

chechbil 9D; xijbil 9D, 

object tiiat is dragged: xijoj 9D, 

drain off: 'ules IC, lOD, 

be drained: takij IC, lOD, 

be drained off (strength, water): 'ul IC, lOD, 

33, 

tz'ibay 11; p'is 11. 

draw in ink: tz'ibaj 11. 

person who draws one out: jjoy-k'optayvanej 

[he who talks circles around one] 14J, 

16D. 
NUMBER 31 387 

drawn 

dream 

dregs 

dress 

dressed 

dried 

driU(l) 

driU(2) 

driUed 

drirUc 

drinker 

drip 

drive (1) 

drive (2) 

drivelUng 

driver 

drizzle 

drop 

droppings 

dropsical 

drought 

drove 

drover 

tz'ibaybU 11; p'isbU 11. 

vayichil 7F, 11; vayichin 7F, 11. 

dream up: na^-tzai 11; na'-tzaij 11; nop la 

'olonton [tiiink in one's heart] 11,14B6. 

figure out a dream: nop vayichU 7F, 11. 

vision: 'ilben la vayichU 11. 

tzo* vino [wine shit] 14B12, 15A10, 23B; 

lajeb 23B; lajeb vino 15A10, 23B; pajbenal 23B; pajbenal vino 15A10,23B. 

tzatzajel 31C; pas 31; pix ba 31. 

(beam): tojobtas 28. 

dress up: tzatzaj 31, 3 IE. 

dress with finery: tzatzajes 31, 3 IE, 

place where one dresses or puts on armor: 

tzatzajebal 21E2,28C3, 31. 

get dressed: pas ba 31. 

takijesbil lA, 8B. 

'ak' pas 9E. 

ch'oj 28; ch'ojobil 26B; joch'ob te' 26B; 

joch'obU 26B; julob 26B; Hotob 26B; 

Hotob te' 26B, 

driUed article: joch'ben 9E, 

'uch' 23A4; 'uch'abal 23A4; 'uch'om 23A4, 

drink moderately: ta'al 'oy 'uch' Ho' 23A4, 

23B. 

serve drink to: 'ak'bey *uch' chi' 23A4, 

serve drinks: p'is chi' 23A4. 

j'uch'-Ho' 23A4,23B. 

moderate drinker: jtojol 'uch' HO' 23A4, 

23B. 

vijet IC. 

drive horses: 'ux 'ut 9A1, 9D, 25. 

(naUs or stakes in a wall): baj 9D, 9E, 28. 

drive in witii rock or sledgehammer: pajchuchuy 9D, 9E, 28. 

'ip lUcok 7E; Ho' ti' [watery moutii] 7C, 

14B5. 

oxcart driven jchabi-vacas 9A1,15A9,25A; 

jva'anej-vacas 9A1,15A9,25 A; jva'antasejvacas chi'uk setet te' 9A1,15A9,25A. 

vitz' k'inabal IC; vitz'ub Ho' IC. 

drizzle in a nor'easier: yal 'ak'ol Ho' [have 

upper water descend] IC, 14E; yal k'inabal 

IC. 

drop by drop: p'ajajtUc IC, 12. 

chicken droppings: tzo' tuluk' 6B2. 

sit 33. 

dropsical person: jsitubel 33. 

takijel lA, 8B; takijel 'osU lA, 8B. 

have a drought: va'i k'ak'al [have sun stand 

up] lA, 8B, 14G. 

'ikatzinom cabaUo 15A9, 25; 'Ucatznom 

cabaUo 15A9,25. 

j'U-chij 25A; jchabi-chij 25; jva'anej-chij 

drown 

drowning 

drowsy 

drub 

drubbed 

drum 

drunk 

drunkard 

drunkenness 

dry 

dryness 

duck 

dugout 

dull 

dull-witted 

dump 

dunce 

dung 

dungeon 

dungheap 

duo 

dupe 

duped 

durable 

duration 

dust 

25A. 

jUc'av IC, 7E, 18E. 

jUc'avel IC, 7E. 18E. 

be drowsy: ch'ay sat [lose one's eyes] 7F, 

14B2; vayet 7F. 

drowsy person: jlaal-vayel 7F. 

maj ta te' 9D. 

majbU ta te' 9D. 

k'uUc'ul te' 32A1. 

(using hands or sticks): baj nukuUl vob 32A. 

skin drum: nukuUl vob 32A1. 

wooden drum (aU wood): vob 32A1. 

yakyak 23B. 

get drunk: yakub 23B. 

make drunk: yakubes 23B. 

jyakil-chi' 23B; jyakubel 23B. 

yakil 23B; yakil chi' 23B; yakubel 23B. 

k'epel lA, 8B; takijes 8B; takin lA, 8B. 

dry before the fire: takijes 8B; vo 8B. 

dry off or out takij 8B. 

sUghtiy dry: k'un-takin 8B; laan to 8B. 

takijel 8B. 

'umum 6B1; castillan 'umum 6B1, 15A9; 

patox 6B1, 15 A9. 

jomal te' 9A2. 

naka k'op [just words] 11, 14J, 16L. 

become duU: tijub 'e [have mouth or tooth 

thicken] 8E, 14B5. 

become dull (knife or sword): *pimpoktay 

'e 8E; pimub 'e [its mouth or tooth grows 

thick] 8E, 14B5. 

make diUl: *pimpoklaybey 'e 8E; pimubtasbey 'e 8E. 

dull-willed person: bolU vinUc 11,16L; pek'a 

vinik 11, 16L. 

'av k'a'-'ep 28E; ch'ayeb k'a'-'ep 28E; na 

tzo' [shit house] 14B12, 28E. 

lo'U vinUc [amusement person] 11,14J. 

k'a'-'ep 7B. 

chukvanab ch'en [jail cave] 14, 21C, 28C3; 

chukvanab ta 'ul lum 21C, 28C3; lumal 

chukvanab 21C, 28C3; mak-naiabil 21C, 

28C3; mak-naivanab 21C, 28C3. 

k'a'-'ep 7G,22E1. 

(in singing): chibal 'avanab 12, 32A; chibal 

'avanabal 12, 32A. 

tzitz 16N; ch'aybey 'olonton [discard one's 

heart] 14B6, 16N; Hovintas 16N. 

Izilzbil 16L; yakubesbil 16L; yakyak 16L; 

yakyaktik 16L; Hovintasbil 16L. 

be duped: Hovi 16L. 

nat 2. 

natijel 2; Halejel 2. 

pukuk IB. 
388 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

dusty 

duty 

dwarf 

dweUing 

dye 

dyed 

dyer 

dysentery 

each 

eagle 

ear 

early 

early-fruiting 

earn 

earpick 

earth 

earthly 

ease 

eased 

easily 

dust of ground rock or brick: juxbenal IB. 

'ip pukuk IB; laal pukuk IB; naka pukuk IB. 

become dusty: piUcukib IB. 

jamob bail 16C. 

komkom vinik 33; pek'pek' vinik 33. 

hunchbacked dwarf: p'us 33. 

k'ulebal 28C. 

bon 8F1. 31A; bonobU 8F1, 31A; bonoj 

8F1,31A; bonol 8F1,31A. 

yeUow dye: k'anal bon 8F1, 31 A; k'anal 

bonojeb 8F1,31A. 

bonbU8Fl,31A. 

jbon 3 IB; jbonojel 3 IB. 

have dysentery: ch'ut *a'i [feel one's stomach] 14B, 33; sim-nak'al 'a'i 33. 

suffer from bloody dysentery: ch'ich'-nak'al 

•a'i 33. 

each one: junjun vinUc 12. 

one each: ju-jun 12. 

t'iv 6B1. 

chUcirul 7A. 

cut off one's ean jotz' chikin lOD, 21C; 

lok'es chUcin lOD, 21C. 

ear wax: tzo* chikin [ear shit] 7B, 14B12. 

flap one's ears (when they are so large they 

flap like leaves or when dogs shake tiieir 

ears): lechlonet 6G, 7C. 

prick up one's ears: tz'e* chikin 8C1. 

twitoh one's ears (when they are so large 

they flap lUce leaves or when dogs shake 

their ears): much'monet 6G, 7C. 

with an ear cut off: jotz'bU chUcin 33; 

ma'-chUcin 33. 

mu to k'inal 2; sob 2. 

be early (fruiting): ba'yi 2, 5B, 26. 

(figs, quinces, ete.): ba'yi nach'el 2, 5B, 26; 

ba'yitajel 2, 5B, 26. 

'ebnaj 27; toj 'abtel 27. 

jot'ob chikin 3 IE; pokobil chUcinU 3 IE; 

xenob chikin 3 IE; xenobU chUcinU 3 IE. 

black eartii: 'ik'al lum IB. 

fuller's earth: sakil lum IB, 31 A. 

balumUal 35C. 

muibel [fragrance] 14, 16B; sabubel 16B; 

sabubes 16A; sabubtas 16A; yamajes 

16A. 

(sickness): yamaj 34. 

yamalyamal 34. 

be eased: sabaj 34; sabub 34. 

be eased (sickness): yamaj 'a'i 34. 

sob 11. 

east 

Easter 

easy 

eat 

eater 

eating 

eclipse 

edge 

edict 

edify 

eel 

effort 

egg 

lok'eb k'ak'al [where tiie sun or heat comes 

out] 14E; lum yo' 'oy lok' talel k'ak'al 

[land or place where the sun or heat comes 

out] 14E. 

kuxel pascua 15A1,35E; muk' pascua 15A1, 

35E; pascua 15Al, 35E. 

mo 'ipalajuk 11. 

be easy: mo te'i'leluk 11; mu tzaUajuk 11. 

easy to do: mo tzotzuk pasel 11. 

easy to learn: mo tzotzuk na'el 11. 

ve' 23A4. 

(eggs or fruit witiiout pits): lo' 23A1, 23A2, 

23A4. 

(eggs or friiit): lo'baj 23Al, 23A2, 23A4. 

(fresh corn, greens): k'ux 23A1, 23A4; 

k'uxbaj 23Al, 23A4, 

(meat, fish, mushrooms or beans): ti' 23A1, 

23A2, 23A4; ti'baj 23Al, 23A2, 23A4. 

begin to eat (break bread): jav k'as xut 23A4; 

xut 23A4. 

eat in secret mu'natij 16N, 23A4; muktalve' 16N, 23A4. 

eat moderately: ta'al 'oy ve' 16C, 23A4. 

j'ipal-ve'el 23A4; jve'el 23A4. 

moderate eater: jtojol-ve'el 16C, 23A4. 

deUght in eating: muib ta tojol 16B, 23A4. 

have eclipse of the moon: 'ik'ub 'u [the 

moon blackens] lA, 14D4, 14E; cham 'u 

[the moon dies] lA, 14E. 

have ecUpse of the sun: 'ik'ub k'ak'al lA; 

cham k'ak'al lA. 

ti'U 3. 

nopben 20. 

*ak' ba ta k'el vinik 11. 

edify oneself: tz'ak-pati 11; chan 11; k'eluy 

11. 

chon choy [snake fish] 6D, 14A. 

make an effort: 'ich' 'ip 16C. 

ton 6F. 

addled egg: vinUc 23A2, 

animal that is laying eggs: toninom 6G; 

jtoninom 6G, 

chicken egg yolk: k'anal ton tuluk' [yellow 

of tiie chicken's egg or stone] 6F, 14D3, 

egg sheU: pal ton tuluk' [back of the chicken 

stone] 6F, UBS, 

egg white: sakil ton tuluk' 6F. 

egg yoDc: k'anal ton mut 6F. 

eggs cooked on the coals: leb-tanibU ton 

tuluk' ID, 23A2. 

lay an egg: tonin 6G. 

nest egg: 'ilobil 6F; toninab 6F. 

rotten egg: k'a'al ton tuluk' 6F. 

set on eggs: patey 6G. 
NUMBER 31 389 

egret sak-'ichi 6B1. 

baby egret *ol sak-'ichi 6B1, 

baby or young egret bUc'tal sak-'ichi 6B1. 

young egret ch'iom sak-'ichi 6B1. 

eight 

eight-sided 

eighty 

elbow 

elector 

elegant 

elephant 

eleven 

elsewhere 

elusive 

emaciate 

emaciated 

emaciation 

embark 

embarrassed 

embarrassment 

embeUish 

embeUished 

ember 

embitter 

emblem 

embolden 

embrace 

embraced 

embrasure 

embroider 

embroiderer 

embroidery 

emerald 

empire 

empty 

enchant 

enchanter 

enchantment 

vaxak 12; vaxakib 12. 

vaxak-xuk' 3,12A; vaxak-xuk'bel 3,12A. 

chan-vinik 12. 

xuk'ubU 7A. 

jt'ujom 20; jva'anvanej 20. 

•utz 16R; lek 16R; t'ujum 16R. 

elefante chij 6A1,15A9, 

buluch 12; buluchib 12. 

yanyanuk 4. 

be elusive: mo jaka tak' •Uel 16N; mo jaka 

tak' k'oponel 16N, 

toj-lajes 33. 

naka bak 33. 

become emaciated: toj-jayaub 33; toj-laj 33; 

toj-takij 33. 

jayubel 33; taki-batel 33. 

•och ta jom 9A2; 'otes ta jom 9A2. 

k'exlaltik 16M. 

dread with embarrassment k'exav 16M, 

tzatzajes 11. 

*oy tzatzajel 11. 

'ak'al ID. 

ch'aubes 16H; ch'aubtas 16H. 

vinajebal 11. 

tzatzubes 16E; tzatzubes 'olonton [sti-engthen one's heart] 14B6, 16E; tzatzubtas 

16E; tzatzubtas 'olonton 16E; tzatzubtasbey 'olonton 16E; muk'ubes 'olonton 

[enlarge one's heart] 14B6, 14F1, 16E; 

muk'ubtasbey 'olonton 16E. 

mey 7E, 9D, 16D; meylej 7E, 9D, 16D. 

object or person being embraced: meyoj 7E, 

9D, 16D. 

object or person that was embraced: meyben 

7E, 9D, 16D. 

jom 28D. 

(witii needle or weaving): luch 31 A; luchoj 

31 A; luchomaj 31 A. 

jluch 3IB; jluchojel 3IB; jluchomajel 3IB, 

luch 3ID; luchojel 3ID; luchomajel 3ID; 

luchul 3ID. 

yaxal ton 29; yaxib ton 29. 

'ajvalel emperador 19. 

mo 'oyuk bel 12. 

(witii words): k'oplay [speak against] 14J, 

35F. 

enchant or bewiteh so as to faU in love: 

yakubes 16D, 35F. 

jk'oplayvanej 35F; jlabtayvanej 35F. 

enchantment one suffers: k'oplayel 35F. 

enchase 

enchasing 

encircle 

encircled 

enclose 

enclosed 

enclosure 

end 

ended 

endurance 

endure 

enemy 

energetic 

engender 

engenderer 

engrave 

enlarge 

enlargement 

enough 

enough! 

enrage 

enraged 

enchantment one works: k'oplayvanej 35F. 

evU enchanUnent labanej 35F; labtayvanej 

k'op [words of evil enchantment] 14J, 

35F. 

love enchantment: yakU 35F; yakubel 35F. 

(leatiier): bon 31 A. 

bon k'u'3ID. 

joy 3,9C; joyij 3.9C; joyin 3,9C. 

joyinbU 3.9C; joyol 3,9C. 

joy 9C, 28. 

joybil 9C. 28D1. 

area or object being enclosed: joyoj 9C, 

28D1. 

enclosed area or object joyben 9C, 28D1. 

joy-te' 28D1. 

'olanebal 2; 'ulebal 2; tzutzeb 2; tzutzel 2; 

tzutzes 2; chak 4; ch'aniab 2; ch'anieb 2; 

ch'aiuel 2; ch'ay 2; laj 2; lajeb 2; lajel 2; 

lok'eb 2; ni' [nose] 14B4. 

(board, table): ti'il 4. 

do lo tiie very end: lajel pas 2; lok'el pas 2. 

end of negotiation: tzutzeb k'op [end of 

words] 2, 14J, 20A. 

follow to tiie very end: lajel tz'ak-pati 2; 

lok'el tz'ak-pati 2. 

in the end: ta 'olaneb 2; ta tzutzeb 2; ta lajeb 

2. 

be ended: 'ul 2. 

kuchvanej 16J. 

tz'Uc 16J; kup 'Uc' 16J; kupul-'Uc'tay 16J; 

kupul-'ik'tayvan 16J. 

(labor, pain, whiplashes): kuch 16J. 

jbak'el 16H; nakbal 16H; nakmal 16H; 

yabutil 16H. 

become enemies: yabutij 16H; yabutin 16H. 

make an enemy of: nak 16H; nakav 16H. 

become energetic: tzatzub 'ok [have one's 

legs strengthen] 7E, 14B10. 

vinkiltas 18 A, 18C, 

(man): nich'naj 18A, 18C; nich'nan 18A, 

18C. 

nich'najon 18A, 18C; jvinkiltasvanej 18A, 

18C. 

'eteltas 30; tz'ibay 30; ch'oj 30; jut 30. 

muk'ubes 12; muk'ubtas 12. 

muk'ubel 12; muk'ul 12. 

nakatik 12; noj 12; yalal 12; Ha' no 'ox 12. 

ta'luke 13A; Hechuk 12,13A. 

k'ak'ubes [heat up] 14G, 16H; lek'-ti'ijes 

16H; lupes 16H; tiles [set fire lo] 14G, 

16H. 

'ip k'ak'al [much heat] 14C, 14G, 16H; laal 

k'ak'al [abundant heat] 14G, 16H; toj 

k'ok' [very hot] 14G, 16H, 
390 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

enrich 

enriched 

enrichment 

ensign 

entablature 

entangle 

entangled 

enter 

entertain 

entire 

entirely 

entraUs 

entrance 

entrust 

entrusted 

envious 

enviously 

envy 

epidemic 

epUepsy 

episcopal 

epitaph 

equal 

equality 

equally 

errand 

escape 

be enraged: ch'ach'on 'olonton [have one's 

heart swarming] 14B6, 16H; k'ak'ub 

'olonton [have one's heart heat up] 14B6, 

14G, 16H; k'uxey 'olonton [have one's 

heart hurt] 14B6, 16H; vokan 'olonton 

[have one's heart boU] 14B6,16H. 

'ayUc'lejes 15C, 27B; 'ayUc'leltas 15C, 27B; 

vokolijes 27B, 

'ayUc'lejesbil 15C, 27B. 

'ayUc'lejel 15C, 27B; vokoUjel 27B. 

lok'om 20, 21E2, 35B. 

na te'el 28D, 

sokes lOE; yakubes lOE, 

become entangled: sokes ba lOE. 

'och 9E, 

enter secretiy: miUclal-'och 9E, 16N, 

'ak' maxUajuk [give monkeyness] 14A1, 32; 

'ak' muibuk 32; 'utzibtas 32. 

entertain taking care to provide all that is 

needed: chu'im 16C, 32. 

batz'i jun 12; toj jun 12. 

lajel 2; lajeluk 2; lok'el 2; lok'eluk 2. 

sekubU7Al. 

'ochebal 28D; 'ochel 28D. 

tzoyan la tojol 16D. 

entrust object lo (as when enuiisting one's 

house lo someone when going lo trade): 

tzoyan ba ta tojol 16D, 27, 28C; jok'an 

ba ta tojol 16D, 27, 28C. 

entrust to: tzoyanbey 16D; jok'an ta tojol 

16D; jok'anbey 16D; k'ubanbey 16D. 

object entrusted: k'ubul 16D; k'ubul 'u'un 

16D. 

be envious: 'it'ixaj 16H. 

be envious of: 'it'ixan 16H. 

envious person: 'it'ix 16H; j'it'ixajel 16H. 

'it'ix'il'ix 16H. 

'it'ixajel 16H; 'it'ixal 16H. 

'ipal chamel 33. 

have epidemic strike: ch'am 33; ch'am 

ch'enal 33. 

•chiton chuHaj 33. 

'u'un obispo 15A1, 35C; lekoj obispo 15A1, 

35C. 

ts'ib 11 A, 18E; k'oplal 11 A, 18E. 

ko'ol 8G, 12; melol 8G, 12. 

(true weight): meltzajel 8G, 12. 

ko'ol 8G, 12. 

errand boy: 'abatil 22A. 

jatanel lOD; jalav lOD; jatavel lOD; jatval 

lOD; jin lOD; kol lOD. 

escape capture: kol ta tzakel 2IE. 

escape deatii: kol la chamel lOD, 18E. 

escaped 

escort 

especially 

establish 

estimator 

even (1) 

even (2) 

every 

everywhere 

evU 

evUdoer 

ewe 

exact 

exactiy 

example 

escape from danger: koles ba lOD. 

escape from person: jatvUtay lOD; kol-miluk 

lOD, 18E. 

kol-kom lOD; koluk lOD, 

escaped from being kiUed: kol-majuk lOD, 

18E, 

escaped from capture: kol-japiuk lOD, 21E. 

escaped from death: kol-chamuk lOD, 18E. 

'ak'9Al;j'ak'ol 9A1; va'an 9Al;jva^anvanej 

9Al;jvol9Al. 

jelel 8G. 

lok' takiej 20. 

jnop-tojolU 27A; jnopvanej 27A. 

toj melel 8G, 12; toj tojol 8G, 12. 

make even: meltzajes 8G, 12; tojobtas 8G, 

12. 

even if not: pisU 36. 

not even: k'alal 36. 

tz'akal 12; *kepel 12; k'otbaj 12; pisU 12. 

jUom 4; la sul 4. 

from everywhere: ta *ut •ilob 4; ta ju-jech 

'osil [from each side of the world] 14E. 

kolo^ 16P; mo batz'iluk 16P; mo tojoluk 

16R 

be especially evU: jelel kola'al tuk 16P. 

be evU: toj mo vinikuk [very inhuman] 14, 

16R 

be persistentiy evil: lajel kola'aj 2, 16P. 

consider evil: kolo' "a'i 16H, 16P; k'ux 'a'i 

[feel pain] 14C, 16H, 16P; mo 'utzuk 'a'i 

16H, 16R 

do evil: pasbey kolo' 16R 

especially evil: mo 'oyiUc bu Hech kolo' 16P. 

evU action: kola'al pasnej 16P; kola'al 

pasojel 16R 

evU or bad person or vision: lob 16P, 35F. 

evU person: labal vinik 16P, 35F. 

harden in evU: tzatzubes ta kola'al 16P. 

obstruct evil: tojobtas 16A. 

jtz'i'leyvanej 16P, 

'antzU tux-nok' chij 6A2, 

ewe that has given birth: 'alnom tux-nok' 

chij 6A2, 18A; tux-nok' chijil 'alnom 

6A2, 18 A. 

toj ko'ol 8G, 12. 

be exact nup ba 8G, 12. 

tojol 8G, 12. 

lok'ob 11; lok'tayab 11. 

example being followed: chanob 11. 

example one follows: tz'ak-pativanej 11; 

k'eluyab 11. 

example one gives: tz'ak-patianab IOC, 11; 

tz'ak-patiel IOC, 11; k'eluyanab IOC, 11; 
NUMBER 31 391 

exceed 

exceeded 

exceUent 

except 

excess 

exchange 

excite 

excrement 

excuse (1) 

excuse (2) 

executioner 

exemplar 

exempt 

exercise 

exhale 

exhaust 

exhausted 

k'eluyel IOC, 11. 

follow an example: tz'ak-pati 11; chan 11; 

k'eluy 11. 

give an example: 'al nopobU IOC, 11; "al 

p'isobU IOC, 11; nop IOC, 11; p'is IOC, 

11. 

person who foUows an example: jk'eluyvanej 11. 

person who sets an example: jchanvanej 11, 

16A; jk'eluyan 11,16A. 

set an example: *ak' ba ta k'el vinUc [give 

oneself to be seen by people] 11, 141, 

16A. 

'ech' 12; 'ich' 12. 

jelbU 12. 

(person): lek t'ujum 16C; toj ch'ulul ba 16C. 

be exceUent (person): toj *'ulubalal ba 16C, 

exceUent person: saksak vinUc 16C; t'ujum 

vinUc 16C, 

Ha'uk manchiUc 36. 

'elov 12; jelaveb 12; p'Uemal 12. 

k'ex IOC, 27; k'extay IOC, 27. 

'ak' pas 11; 'ak'bey k'op [give words to] 11, 

14J. 

human or other: tzo'il 7B. 

mete' lOD, 16F; taki lOD, 16F. 

be one who excuses himself: yauk 'oy lOD, 

16F. 

excuse oneself: ya ti' lOD, 16F, 

excuse oneself even though truthfully: pok 

ba lOD, 16F, 

keep excused: takibil lOD, 16F, 

person who excuses himself: jya-ti'il lOD, 

16F. 

metz'ajel 11; pom [incense] 11, 14J; ya ti'U 

11; yaob ti'U 11. 

wordy excuse: pamijel 11. 

j'ak'-vokol 21C; jyaijesvanej 21C. 

jtz'ak-patian 16A, 16C; jtz'ak-palivanej 16A, 

16C. 

lekoj ba tuk 4; taki 4; takibil 4. 

'abtel 9A1; pasnej 9A1; pasojel 9A1, 

'oban 7E; jak 'Uc' 7E. 

(as when they drink something sour or foul 

smelling and so as not lo perceive the 

odor they exhale): jak 'Uc' 7E, 8D, 

exhale on: Habtay 7E. 

'ak' vokol 33; 'il vokol 'u'un [see difficulty 

because of] 141, 33; toj-lub 'u'un 33, 

exhaust person: 'ip vokol 'u'un 33; vokolin 

33, 

'ulesbil 33. 

be exhausted (person): bUc'taj [grow small] 

exhaustion 

exit 

expand 

expect 

expedite 

expensive 

experience 

experienced 

experiment 

expert 

explain 

explanation 

explode 

explosion 

expose 

extinguish 

extinguished 

extraordinary 

eye 

eyelash 

14F2, 33. 

be exhausted by: kisnan 15C, 33. 

become exhausted: toj-lub 33. 

•ulebal 33; kisin 15C, 33; lajebal 33. 

lok'eb 28D; lok'el 28D. 

quick exit soblajel lok'el 2C, 9A1; tiklajel 

2C, 9A1; *volol lok'el 2C, 9A1. 

muk'ub 12; muk'ubes 12; muk'ubtas 12. 

event that one expects to happen: malayej 2. 

expedite a matter: tzutzesbey k'oplal lOA, 

16C, 

expedite what has been impeded: tak 10A, 

16C. 

jol 27B; toyol tojol 27B. 

be expensive: 'ep tojol 27B. 

'a'i 11; 'a'iel 11. 

'a'ibUll. 

be experienced: 'oy pas 11, 

'till. 

jna'vanej 16C, 

'ak' 'a'i 11; tzaibU k'opoj 11; lekojlekoj 

k'opoj 11; nopbU k'opoj 11; sul k'opoj 

11; sutejes [return] 11, 14J; sutes 11; 

sutp'in 11; tojol-k'opoj 11, 

explain at length: metz'aj 2, 11; pamij 

[cense]2,11,14J. 

person who explains at length: jmetz'ajel 

2C, 11; jpamijel 2,11. 

suteb 11; sutejeb 11; sutp'ijeb 11. 

wordy explanation: metz' 11; metz'ajel 11; 

pamijel 11; pom 11. 

jinet 8C, lOE. 

jinetel 8C, lOE. 

expose oneself: vinaj bek'tal 7E. 

expose to Uie night air: 'ak' 'a'i sUcil ak'abal 

lA. 

tup'es ID, 

be extinguished: tup' ID. 

jelel tuk 16C. 

be extraordinary: jelav tuk [pass by alone] 

14,16C. 

satU 7A. 

close one's eyes: mutz' sat 7E. 

eyes being closed: mutz'oj 7E. 

get circle under one's eyes: 'och lapluk sat 

33. 

pupil of tiie eye: maxil satil [monkey of tiie 

eye] 7A, 14Al. 

put person's eye out lomtz'inbey sat 21C, 

33; tup'bey sal 21C, 33. 

with bloodshot eyes: ma'-satijel 33; ma'-salU 

33. 

tzotzil satil 7A. 
392 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

eyelid 

eyesight 

fable 

facade 

face 

facial 

facing 

faction 

faint 

fainting 

fair (1) 

fair (2) 

faith 

k'u' satil 7A; pak'al satil 7A. 

•ilvanab 7C. 

•Uc'ti' 11; lo'lo k'op 11; vokol 11; vokoUl 

k'op 11. 

teU fables: 'Uc'ti'ij 11; 'Uc'ti'in 11; vokolij 

11; vokolin 11. 

teller of fables: 'Uc'ti'U k'op 11. 

'elov 28D; 'ichon na 28D; ti^ na [house 

moutii] 14B5, 28D. 

'elan 4; 'elovU 7A; bail 7A; satil 7A. 

be lying face down: patey 4, 7D. 

be lying face up: javey 4, 7D. 

be set or turned face down: nujey 4, 7D, 9B. 

lay face up: javan 4,7D, 9B. 

lying face down: patal 4, 7D. 

lying face up: javal 4, 7D. 

make a face: bUi-baij 7E. 

make a face at someone: bili-balay 7E. 

make a wry face (with one's eyes): lev sat TE. 

make a wry face (with one's moutii): lev ti' 

7E. 

person who makes a face: jbiU-baijel 7E, 

16N; jbUi-batay vanej 7E, 16N, 

set or turn face down (bowls, tUes, baskets): 

nujan 9B. 

set or turned face down: nujanbU 9B; nujul 

9B, 

show in one's face: vinaj ta ba ta sat 7E. 

wry face: biU-baijel 7E, 16J; biU-batik 7E, 

16J. 

facial expression: vinajeb ta sat TE. 

'elanej ba 4. 

facing the house of ...: 'ichoninej ba chi'uk 

na 4, 28C. 

jechjech k'op [partisan words] 14J, 20,20A; 

tasal k'op [words of alUes] 14J, 20,20A. 

head of a faction: jtasal-k'op 20,20A, 

member of a faction: jechel vinik 20, 20A, 

'uch'p'ij 33; 'uch'uy 33; tup' 'ik' 33, 

make person faint: tup'es 21C, 33; tup'es 

'Uc' 21C, 33. 

person who faints: *jchiton-chuHaj 33. 

person who is made to faint tup'oj 21C, 33. 

fainting person: jtup'-'ik' 33. 

ch'ivit 27; ch'ivitajebal 27; p'olmajeb 27; 

p'olmajebal 27. 

fair person: toj jmeltzajesvanej 16A; toj 

jtojobesvanej 16A. 

ch'uunvanej 35C. 

be witiiout faitii: mo 'oyuk ch'uunvanej 35C. 

faith that one received: ch'uunel 35C, 

faitiiful 

faitiifuUy 

faithfulness 

falcon 

faU 

faUing 

false 

falsehood 

falsely 

falsifier 

falsify 

fame 

famiUar 

family 

famine 

famous 

fan 

fanned 

far 

one of tiie articles of tiie faith: ch'uunel dios 

15A1, 35C. 

faithful person: 'utzU vinUc 16A, 16D; 

jch'uunvanej 16A, 16D; tojol vinUc 16A, 

16D. 

*utz 16A, 16D. 

act faithfuUy: 'utz pas 16A, 16D. 

•utzil 16A, 16D; batz'U 16A, 16D. 

jun xulub [one horn] 6B1, 14; xUc 6B1; 

yax-lUdUc 6B1; Hov 6B1; Hov xUc 6B1. 

(beads from a ribbon, cloth): kol lOD, lOE, 

31. 

(leaves, fiiiit): lUij 5, lOD; titij 5. lOD. 

a second time: cha'-jach' 9A1,12. 

faU a second time: cha'-yal 9A1,12. 

faU from a height ch'ay 9A1; yal 9A1. 

faU off a cliff: ch'ay ta ch'en IB, 9A1; yal 

ta ch'en IB, 9A1. 

faU out (hair): lUij lOD, 33; titij lOD, 33. 

faU when waUcing: jach' 9A1, 33. 

stop faUing: kiktzaj 2, 9A1. 

mo batz'iluk 16N; mo tojoluk 16N. 

pak'tayej 16N. 

tell falsehood unknowingly: mu tzailuk 'u'un 

pak'tay 16N. 

pak'tayejtik 16N. 

jpak'tayej 16H, 16N. 

lok'tay 16N; pak'tay 16N; p'is 16N. 

'a'yej 20; 'a'yejlal 20; na'el 20. 

be famiUar with: chi'in 11. 

famiUar thing: chi'U 11. 

k'ulej 18; k'uyul 18; naU 18; naklej 18; 

vinkilel 18. 

have a good famUy: 'utz ta naU 16A, 16D, 

18; 'utz te vinik chi'U ta naklej 16A, 

16D, 18; *ulz te vinik chi'uk ta naklej 

16A, 16D, 18; 'utz te vinik junjun na 

chi'uk 16A, 16D, 18; familia 18. 

'uch'uyel 21D. 

'a'ibil 16C, 20; 'ip 'Uc' [much breath, air or 

wind] 14B5, 16C, 20; biiltasbil [named] 

14, 16C, 20; bunem 16C, 20; na'bU 16C, 

20. 

be famous: 'ip 'a^iel 16C, 20; 'ip 'a'yejlal 

16C, 20; 'ip 'aley 16C, 20; 'ip na'el 16C, 

20. 

become famous: 'ip na^ey 16C, 20; japjonet 

•ik' 16C, 20; japluj •ik' [shining breatii, 

air or wind] 14B5, 16C, 20, 

become famous or iUustrious: bain 16C, 20. 

pech' veluyab 22C; veluy 9F; veluyab pech' 

22C. 

object being fanned: veluyej 9F. 

as far as: k'alal 4, 12; k'alal te •oy 4, 12; te 
NUMBER 31 393 

k'alal 4,12. 

far apart: nomtik 4,12; nomtiknomtik 4,12; 

nomtuk 4,12. 

far away: nom 4„ 12. 

from far away: jakal 4,12; nom talel 4,12. 

how far?: k'u namal 4,12; k'usi namal 4,12. 

tiiat far: te k'alal 4,12. 

tills fan U' k'alal U^ 4.12. 

farmhand jchabatal 26A. 

fart tzisin TE; tzisinet TE. 

fart at ungraciously or mockingly: tzistay 

TE, 16K. 

person who farts frequentiy: jtzisnom TE, 

16K. 

fast(l) ayuno 15A1, 23A4; •Uctay •ixim [abandon 

corn] 14, 23A4; ch'abaj 23A4; ch'abajel 

23A4; ch'ob 23A4; juju-ti' ve' 23A4; 

•k'exma ve'el 23A4; pas ayuno 15A1, 

23A4. 

compulsory fast tzajal ch'abajel 23A4,35C. 

compulsory Lenten fast tzajal ch'abajel ta 

cuaresmatik 15A1,23A4, 35E. 

fast (2) 'Uc 3, 8E, 16E; •ip 3. 8E, 16E; tzatzubesbU 

3, SE, 16E; tzotz 3, 8E, 16E. 

fasten tz'ak 9C; chuk 9C. 

fasten hat strap: 'och •ak'U 'u'un 9C, 31. 

fat 'it'it' TC; 'it'it'ul TC; k'an-'ixmal TC; muk' 

3, TC, 12; pumumet 3, TC, 12. 

grow fat jup' 3, TE, 12; k'an-^ixmay 3, TE, 

12; muk'ub 3, TE, 12. 

fate balam IT; ch'uleUl [soul] 14BT, IT; k'in 

[day] 14, IT; Hech ch'ulel IT. 

person's fate: k'inal IT. 

fatiier totil 18F. 

fatiier-in-law man's father-in-law: ni^ 18F. 

fatigued yatikyatUc 33. 

be fatigued: yatik 'osil 'a'i [feel suffering 

world] 14E, 33; yatikU 'a'i 33; yatikU 

'osU 'a'i 33. 

fatness muk'ul TC. 

fatten jup'es TE; muk'ubes TE; muk'ubtas TE. 

fault mul 16L; mulU 16L; pajbenal 16L. 

find fauU with: bUc'tajes [make smaU] 14F2, 

16H; komojes 16H; paj 16H; yales 

[lower] 14,16H. 

favor 'aboltay 16A; 'aboltayel 16A. 

favorably be favorably disposed to: ta tojol bat 'olonton 

[one's heart goes to] 14B6,16A. 

fear xi^ 16J; xi'el 16J. 

be white witii fear: sak-pak'an ba 8F1,16J. 

fearful be fearful: *ip xi^ 16J. 

fearful person: jxi^el 16J. 

fearsome be fearsome: 'oy 'Uc' 16J, 16R. 

be fearsome (animal's or human's horrifying 

feast 

feather 

feeble 

feebleness 

feed 

feel 

feign 

feU 

feUed 

feUing 

female 

fence (1) 

fence (2) 

fencer 

fennel 

fer-de-lance 

ferocious 

ferocity 

fertiUze 

face or appearance): xi'benaj ba 6F, 16J, 

16R. 

ve'el 23A. 

pay one's share for a feast toj ve'el 23A, 2T. 

share in payment of feast: tojol ve'el 23A, 

2T. 

k'uk'um 6F. 

(cover with featiiers): bal ta k'uk'um 31 A, 

31E; bon ta k'uk'um 31A, 31E. 

fledged with very small or young feathers: 

'ajU k'uk'um 6F. 

make feathers stand on end (chicken): 

tz'abub 6G. 

vuyul 33. 

(unable to fight or act vigorously): mo 

ch'Uomuk 33. 

feeble person: yayaU vinUc 33. 

feel feeble (from sickness or age): yayatik 

'osU 'a'i feel suffering world] 14E, 33. 

yayail 33. 

ve'eltas 23A, 

feed cattie: lo'obtas 25. 

'a'i 8. 

feel out of place: mu nop 'osil 'a'i [not feel 

world to fit in] 14E, 16J. 

p'is ba 16N. 

person feigning sleep: jkulU-vayel TF, 16N; 

jmaxU-vayel [person who monkey sleeps] 

TF, 14A1,16N. 

feU trees: tz'et te' 26. 

tz'ett)U lOE, 26. 

feUed ti-ee: tz'etob lOE, 26. 

tree being feUed: tz'etoj lOE, 26. 

be engaged in felUng trees: tz'etav lOE, 26. 

feUing of trees: tz'etob lOE, 26. 

female of any species: 'antz 18C. 

chan ch'Uomajel 21E2, 32B; chan yabutil 

21E2, 32B; esgrimir 15A6, 21E2, 32B, 

joy-te' 28D1; joyol 28D1; makol 28D1; mok 

28D1, 

fence in: mak 9B, 28D1. 

jchanantasej-ch'ilomajel 21E1, 32B; jchanantasej-yabutil 21E1, 32B. 

castiUan tzitz 5B. 

wild fennel: batz'i tzitz 5A; tzitz 5A. 

jchan 'ut ni' chon 6C. 

bolom [jaguar] 6, 14A; k'ok' [hot] 6, 14G, 

16H. 

ferocious person: k'ak'al vinik [hot person] 

14G, 161; k'ok' vinik [hot person] 14G, 

161. 

k'ak'al [heat] 14G, 161. 

'ak' tzo' caballo 15A9, 26; 'och 'u'un tzo' 

caballo 15A9,26; lumtay ta tzo' 26, 
394 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

fertiUzed 

fester 

fellers 

fever 

fickle 

fickleness 

field 

fieldhand 

fierce 

fierceness 

fiesta 

fiftii 

fifty 

fig(l) 

fig (2) 

fight 

fighter 

figuratively 

figure 

filch 

file 

lumtaybU ta tzo' 26. 

'ipaj 33; 'uch' 'a'iel 33; nipaj 33; pojovin 33. 

lak'in chukobU 'okil 21C. 

(horse, mule): chukobU cabaUo 15A9,25B. 

copper fetters: tak'in 21C, 

falcon's fellers: tzoyobU 24; chukobil 24. 

leg fetters: chukobU 'okil tak'in 21C. 

k*ak*al [heat] 14G, 33; k'ok' [fire] 14G, 33. 

tertian feven chabjeychabjey 'oy k'ak'altUc 

33, 

'ep 'olonton [many-hearted] 14B6,16K; 'ep 

tza 16K; 'epal 'olonton 16K; yantUcyantik 

'olonton [different hearted] 14B6,16K. 

be fickle: sob yanij 'olonton [quickly change 

one's heart] 14B6,16K; t'abtikt'abtik tza 

16K, 

'epal 'olontonil 16K; 'epal tzaijel 16K, 

jobel 5, 26; tenlej jobel 5, 26, 

chobtUcil vinik 26A; voymoltikU vinUc 26A, 

'ip lek'-ti'U 161; 'ip te'te'U 161; xi'benal 

161; toj k'ok' [very hot] 14G, 161. 

lek'-ti'il [lip-licking] 14B5, 161, 

k'in 35E, 

hold a fiesta: 'al te k'in 35E; k'in la 'al 35E; 

pas k'in 35E; pasbey k'in 35E. 

'o'ob 12. 

lajuneb 'ox-vinik 12,12A. 

higos 5B, 15A10. 

candied fig: malz'ublasbil higo 15A10, 

23A1; panbU higo 15A10, 23A1; poxtaybU higo 15A10, 23Al; takijesbU higo 

15A10, 23A1. 

bet'anel k'obU 16K; bet'anel k'obol 16K; 

bet'el k'obil 16K; bet'el k'obol 16K. 

give a fig lo (thumb placed between other 

fingers): bet'anbey k'ob 16K. 

give a fig lo someone: kalz'anbey k'ob 16K. 

giver of figs: jbet'anej-k'obol 16K. 

person who gives a fig: jkatz'anej-k'obU 

16K. 

*'Ucoy 21E; *'Ucoyaj 21E; *'Ucoyajel 21E; 

ch'ilom 20A; ch'Uomaj 21E; ch'Uomajel 

21E; ch'ilomay 21E; tuk'ay 21E. 

fight in a contest *'ikoyaj 32B; *'ikoyan 

21E, 32B; nak 21E, 32B; nakav 21E, 

32B; yabutij 21E, 32B; yabutin 21E, 32B. 

•j'Ucoyajel 21E1; ch'ilom 21E1. 

ta tzaU k'op 13A; ta tz'ib 13A; ta p'is 13A. 

speak figuratively: ta nop k'opoj 13A. 

lok'obil 30; lok'ol 30. 

figure out (as when we figure out a price or 

how a tiling is made): nop 11, 2TB. 

tas lOD, 21A; tasbey lOD, 21A. 

ch'ul tak'in 28; ch'ulob tak'in 26B; ch'ulobU 

fiUngs 

fiU 

fiUed 

fiUing 

fiUip 

fiUy 

filmy 

finally 

find 

fine (1) 

fine (2) 

fined 

finery 

finger 

finish 

finished 

fire 

firebrand 

firewood 

firm 

lak'in 26B; jos tak'in 28; josobU tak'in 

26B; kupob tak'in 26B; lima 15A8, 26B. 

juxbenal 29, 30. 

metal filings: ch'uch'ul tak'in 29, 30. 

amount added to fill container: nojeb 9E, 12. 

fiU by sinking, as when tiiey fill tiie waterjug 

by sinking it in the water: pul IC, 9E, 

22C. 

fiU up: noj 9E; nojes 9E. 

fiU up by blowing: nojes la Hupanel 1 A, 9E. 

nojesbil 9E. 

pulel 9E. 

t'isluy TE; t'isluyvanej TE, 

tzeb cabaUo 6A2, 15A9,18C. 

be filmy: tok 'a'i 3. 

la 'olaneb 2; ta tzutzeb 2; ta ch'anieb 2; la 

lajeb 2. 

(lost object as money, feathers): tam 6F, 

lOB, 2TC; tamolaj 6F, lOB, 2TC. 

find what one was looking for: 'il lOB; ta 

lOB. 

find what one was searching for or that suits 

the purpose: nuptan lOB. 

batz'i 16A, 16R; batz'i 'utz 16A, 16R. 

be fine: 'utz 'oy 16A, 16R. 

'ak' chabajuk 21C; chabajes 21C; tojel 21C, 

fine of money or property: chabajel 21C, 2T, 

2TC. 

be fined: ch'ak 21C. 

tzatzajel 3 IE. 

'ol k'ob TA. 

middle finger: 'o'lol k'ob TA. 

tzutzes 2. 

(work): tzutz 2. 

finish off: 'ules 2. 

'ulesbil 2. 

be finished: tz'aki 2. 

k'ak'ubel ID; k'ok' ID. 

(with embers scattered far and wide): balax 

k'ok' ID. 

fire in patches: chik'il k'ok' ID. 

light a fire: nop' k'ok' ID. 

person who sets fire to something: jsuj-k'ok' 

ID. 

set fire in patches: chik'il-k'ak'tay ID. 

set fire to: sujbey k'ok' ID; suj k'ok' ID. 

steel for stiiking fire with a flint tak'in ID, 

26B. 

xupet k'ok' ID. 

si' ID, 5,22C. 

gatiiering of firewood: si'bej 22E. 

stack of firewood: j-vutz* si' ID, 12A, 22C. 

stacked firewood: ch'ubaybU si' ID, 22C. 

'ip 3,8E, 16E; tzatzubesbil 3,8E, 16E; tzotz 
NUMBER 31 395 

firstborn 

fish 

3, 8E, 16E. 

instrument for making firm: 'ipajebal 26B; 

tzatzubesab 26B. 

firmly 'ip 3, 8E, 16E; tzotz 3. 8E, 16E. 

firmness •ip 3, 8E, 16E; *ipajel 3, 8E, 16E; tzatzal 3, 

8E, 16E; tzatzubel 3, 8E, 16E. 

first ba^yi 4,12; ba^yitajel 4, 12; ba'yitajel 4, 12; 

pisil ba chi'uk ba'yi-tajel 4,12. 

be the first: ba'yi 4,12. 

do or use for the first time: likes 2. 

first in rank: ba ta 'ajvalel 16C, 20. 

first row: ba kajal 4. 

first step: ba kajal 4. 

first time: ba kajal 2. 

for the first time: ba'yi 2. 

tiie first: ba 12. 

the first in silting order: ba jnaklej 4. 

the first in standing order: ba jva'lej 4. 

(of a man): ba nich'nal 18A, 18C; ba nich'on 

18A, 18C. 

(of a woman): ba j'alanel 18A, 18C; ba ta 

'alanel 18A, 18C. 

tzak choy 24; tzames choy 24; choy 6D; sa' 

choy 24; vinik choy 6D. 

bony fish: ch'ixal choy 6D. 

fish hook: lukum tak'in 24. 

fish market chonob choy 2T, 28C2. 

fish sipear: yalbayab 24. 

fish with a hook: lukbay choy 24. 

fish with hook or pole: lukbaj 24. 

fish with roots making the fish drunk: 

maj-'ak'i [beat vines] 5,14, 24. 

fresh fish: yaxal choy [blue-green fish] 6D, 

14D2. 

weigher of fish: jp'is-choy 12,2TA. 

bakel choy 6F; ch'ix choy 6F. 

jtzamesej-choy 24; jsa'-choy 24. 

fisherman who fishes with poison: jmaj 'ak' 

choy 24; jmaj 'ak'iej choy 24. 

tzamesej choy 24. 

fishing Une: lukbayabil choy 24. 

fishing with a hook: lukbayej-choy 24; 

lukum choy 24. 

fishing witii poison: maj-'ak' 24; maj-'ak'iej 

24. 

fishUne ch'ajnul 24. 

fishmonger jchon-choy 2TA. 

fishpond ch*ivilajeb choy IC, 24; junejeb choy lA, 

24; lekbU IC, 24. 

fishscale sol 6F, 

fist voloj k'obil TA. 

fistful j-mich' 12A. 

fit 'och 4. 

fit in: *ak' k'ux ba 4; 'ak' nop ba 4; 'ak' tUc' 

fishbone 

fisherman 

fishing 

ba 4; nop 4; nopoj ba 'u'un 4. 

fit in or together (beams): nup 4, 28. 

fit into or together (door and doorjamb): nop 

4,28. 

fit tightiy: nup ba 4. 

fit togeihen nop ba 4. 

fitted fitted in or togetiier: nopbil 4. 

fitting lek 'oy 16A, 16C, 16R; nup 'oy 16A, 16C, 

16R. 

act of fitting one thing into another: nopen 

4,9B, 9E. 

five Ho'ob 12. 

fix meltzajes lOA, 16C; tojobes lOA, 16C; 

tojobtas lOA, 16C. 

be able to fix: meltzaj TEl, lOA, 16C; tojob 

TEl. 

flaccid become flaccid: matz'ub 3. 

flag lok'om 20, 21E2, 35B; lok'om pok' 20, 

21E2, 35B. 

flame 'at k'ok' [fire penis] ID, 14B9. 

flame up: til ID; lUet ID; tiUlet ID. 

flank 'o'U 6F; xokonil 6F. 

flash (lighming): leblajet 'osU ID; leblon 'osU 

[flashing sky] ID, 14E. 

flat tenel IB, 3; tenten IB, 3. 

flat and treeless: pik'pik' IB, 12; pik'pik' 

'osU [bald land] IB, 12,14E. 

flat field: pUc'pUc' tenlej IB, 3. 

flat-nosed vo'o-ni' TC. 

be flat-nosed: pech'el ni' TC; vo'ol ni' TC, 

flatter 'utzibtas 16N; 'utzin 16N; k'an ch'ulel 

k'opoj 16N; k'an ch'ulel k'opon 16N; 

maxilan [monkey] 14A1,16N; pas-k'opoj 

16N. 

flatterer j'utzinvanej 16N; jk'an ch'ulel k'op [he who 

asks for tiie 

soul with words] 14BT, 14J, 16N; jk'anch'ulel 16N; 

jpas-k'op 16N. 

flattery 'utzinvanej 16N; k'an-ch'ulel k'op 16N; 

pas-k'op 16N. 

flavor muU 'ik' 8D. 

flavorsome become flavorsome: mu 'ayan 8D. 

flax lino 5B, 31 A. 

flea ch'ak 6E. 

fledge ch'i k'uk'umal 6G; lok' k'uk'um 6G. 

flee jin 9A1, lOD; kol ta jatval 9A1, lOD; kol ta 

jinel 9A1, lOD. 

flee to the hUls: jatav 9A1, lOD. 

make flee to the hUls: jatvUtas 9A1, lOD, 

20A. 

make person flee: jines 9A1, lOD, 20A. 

wish to flee from: mo 'utzuk 'a'i [not feel 

good] 14C, 16J. 
396 

fleeing prevent from fleeing: ch'anantas lOD; ch'anies 

lOD. 

fleet 'epal jom 9A2,21E1; tzobol jom 9A2,21E1; 

•chanul jom 9A2,21E1, 

flesh bek'tal TA; mo 'oyuk bakel TA. 

fleteher j'an-yobbU 21E2,29A. 

flight jatanel 9A1, 21E; jatavel 9A1. 21E; jatval 

9A1,21E; jinel 9A1,21E. 

flint suy IB; suy ton IB. 

black fUnt (with which they make razor 

blades): to IB, 26B, 

flinty sharp flinty place: suy tontik IB. 

flock tos 6B1. 

(cattie): 'ep ta kot 6A2. 

flock of birds: j-tasal 6B1. 

flock of hOTses: •epal cabaUo 6A2,15A9. 

flock of sheep: 'epal tux-nok' chij 6A2. 

flood 'ipal Ho^ IC; komel IC. 

flood widely: kom IC. 

flooded tz'ajal ta Ho' IC; chUc'U ta Ho' IC. 

be flooded: 'ach'elay IC; chik'ey IC. 

floor lumtik ta na 28D, 

brick floon chUc'bil xamiti la lumtik 28D; 

chUc'bU xuch' 28D; lamanbil xamit ta 

lumtik 15B, 28D; melbU chUc'bU xamiti 

15B, 28D. 

cement floon t'abbil tan la lumtik 28D. 

lay a brick floon 'ak' chik'bU xamiti ta 

lumtUc 15B, 28; chol chUc'bU xamiti 15B, 

28; laman xamiti 15B, 28. 

lay an eartii floon but' na ta lum 28. 

lay cement floor: 'ak' tan na 28. 

stone floor: lamanbU ton ta lumtUc 28D. 

flour wheat floun castillan ch' iUm 15A3,23 A1. 

flow flow out witiiout bubbles: lok' IC, lOD. 

flower nich 5; nichin 5. 

(generally): nichim 5. 

flower painted like a tiger witii the image of 

a dragon inside: 'utz'ob bolom [jaguar's 

nosegay] 6A1,14B, 35F, 

flower spray: k'ob nichim [flower arm] 5, 

14B10, 

flowery 'oy nichim 5, 

flowery field: nichimtik 5. 

fluff sivu 31 A. 

fluff the bed: sokilan vayebal 22E. 

fluffed (bed): sokilanbU 22E; toj k'un 22E. 

fluffing sijel 31 A. 

flute 'amay 32A1, 

flute case: 'av 'amay 32A; na 'amay [flute 

house] 14, 32A, 

play tiie flute: 'amayain 32A. 

flutist j'amay 32A. 

fly (1) Ho 6E. 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

fly that oxen drive away: xkoch 6E. 

large fly: Honon 6E. 

fly (2) vil9Al. 

flyswatter pech' 22C; veluyab pech' 22C. 

foam vok IC; vokan IC. 

foam of boUing water: tzo' k'ak'al Ho' [hot 

water shit] IC, 14B12; vok k'ak'al Ho' 

IC. 

foamy foamy material (cocoa): jvokanel 23A. 

fodder •ipajeb chij 25; lo'bol chij 25. 

fog balumil tok IC; tok IC. 

foggy 'ip tok IC; tz'anal tok IC. 

become foggy: yal tok IC. 

fold pakbenal 3; puxbenal 3. 

(clotii, clothing): pak 3,22E, 31; pux 3,22E, 

31. 

folded pakbil 3; puxbil 3. 

not folded: j-lomlom 3, 31; k'oUc'ol 3, 31; 

mu cha'-k'oluk 3, 31; mu cha'-lomuk 3* 

31. 

follow tz'ak-pati 9A1; tz'ak-patibey 9A1; tz'akpativan 9A1. 

follow enemies: nutz 2IE, 

follow in tiie company of: tz'ak-pati 9A1; 

va^an9Al. 

followed be followed: k'exey batel 9A1. 

follower jvol 16D. 

fontanel 'a'alU TA. 

food 'ipajebal 23A; ve'el 23A. 

(eggs or fiiiit): lo'bol 23A, 23Al, 23A2. 

(fresh corn, greens): k'uxbol 23A, 23Al. 

(meat, fish, mushrooms, beans): ti'bol 23A, 

23Al, 23A2. 

baby food: 'ulU vaj 23A1; vajU 'ul 23A1. 

base or cold food: sik-t'ojol ve'el 8A, 8D, 

23A. 

crave food: sitz'ij 23A4; sitz'U 'a'i 23A4. 

craving of food: sitz'ijel 23A4. 

daily food given to horses: lo'bol chij 25. 

eal cold food: sik-t'ojan ve' 8A, 23A4. 

filch food: tas ve'el lOB, 21A, 23A; tasbey 

ve'el lOB, 21A, 23A. 

food pickled with sauce^ or spiCed: p'uyum 

23A, 23A3. 

food that must be eaten: ve'bol 23A. 

food that one has cooked: paneb 23A. 

one day's ration of food: jun k'ak'al ve'el 

12,23A. 

pestilential food: 'ipal chamelal ve'el 23A, 

33. 

pilferer of food: jtasol-ve'el lOB, 21A, 23A, 

serve food: ve'eltas 23A. 

fool Hovil vinik 16L, 33. 

fooUsh mo 'oyuk 'olonton [not have a heart] 14B6, 
NUMBER 31 

fooUshly 

fooUshness 

foot 

f(X)tnote 

foo^rint 

force 

ford 

forearm 

forefinger 

forehead 

foreign 

foreigner 

foreleg 

forelock 

foremost 

forest 

foretold 

forever 

forewarn 

forge 

forged 

forger 

forgery 

forget 

forgetful 

forgotten 

fork 

16L; HovHovtik 16L. 

act foolishly: Hovi 16L. 

Hoviel 16L. 

'OkU TA. 

(ti-ee witii branches): 'ibel 5. 

foot of mountain: 'ibel vitz IB. 

foot of tree: 'ibel te' 5. 

footof waU: 'ibel ch'ub 28D1. 

go on foot xanav ta 'ok 9A1; ta 'ok xanav 

9A1. 

meltzajes 11 A; sutejes 11 A, 

'av 'okU TC, 9D; tek'ben 'ok TC, 9D; tek'leb 

'ok TC, 9D. 

force on: tek'tek'-'ak' 16E. 

'ech'eb 9A2; p'asob 'uk'um 9A2; p'asojel 

9A2. 

(venu-al surface): ch'ut k'obU [stomach of 

tiie arm] TA, 14B. 

ch'utub TA, 

ti' bail TA. 

bet'bil 19; j-tek la lum talel 19; jakal 19; 

jakal talel 19; lekbil 19; nom 19; nom na 

19; nom talel 19. 

bet'oj vinUc 19; lekoj vinUc 19; nam-tal vinUc 

19. 

k'obU TA. 

j-mich' tzotzU TA. 

ba'yitajel 4; ba'yitajel 4; pisil ba chi'uk 

ba'yi-tajel 4. 

foremost in rank: ba'yitajel 16C, 20. 

'abnaltik 5; te'tik 5. 

forest dweller: jk'ulej la te'tik 19,20; te'tikU 

vinUc 19,20. 

tall forest: toyol 'osil 5. 

toj-ti'ibU IT. 

jUol 'osil [lengtii of time] 2,14E. 

ba'yi 'albey IT. 

lok'tay 2TC, 29; pak'tay 2TC, 29; p'is 2TC, 

29. 

pak'taybU 2TC. 29. 

jpak'tayvanej 16N, 2TC; jpak'tayvanej ta 

tz'ib 11 A, 21 A. 

cocoa bean forger: jpak'tayej ta kokov 16N, 

21A, 2TC. 

lok'tayel 11 A, 21 A; pak'tayel 11 A, 21 A; 

p'isel 11 A, 21 A. 

ch'ay 'a'i 11. 

make forget: 'ak' ch'ayuk ta 'olonton [have 

lost from one's heart] 11,14B6. 

make person forget ch'ay 'olonton 'u'un 11, 

forgetful person: jch'ay-'olonton 11,16L, 

be forgotten: ch'ay •olonton [lose one's 

heart] 11,14B6; mu na'ot 11. 

(river): chib 'ayan 9A2. 

form 

forsake 

fortification 

fortified 

fortify 

fortress 

fortunate 

fortune 

forty 

found 

foundation 

founder 

fountain 

four 

fourteen 

fox 

fragrance 

fragrant 

framework 

France 

frank 

frankness 

free 

39T 

(river, road): k'ej ba IC; k'ejey IC. 

fork in a river: tz'akav 'uk'um IC. 

'ilel 3; pasel 3. 

forsake God: 'Uctay dios 15A1, 35C; paj ta 

ch'uunel dios 15A1, 35C; ti'oltay dios 

15A1, 35C. 

'ipajel 28C3; 'ipajesel 28C3; tzatzubtasel 

28C3. 

'ip 28C3; 'ipajesbU 28C3; tzatzubesbU 28C3; 

tzotz 28C3; yijubesbU 28C3. 

be fortified: 'ipaj 28C3. 

that which is to be fortified: tzatzubesbol 

28C3. 

'ipajes 28C3; 'ipaltas 28C3; 'och tzatzubeb 

'u'un 28C3; 'och tzatzubesabil 'u'un 

28C3; tzatzubes 28C3; tzatzubtas 28C3; 

yijubes 28C3. 

tzatzal na 28C3; tonal na 28C3; yabutinab 

na 28C3. 

be fortunate: 'utzib 16C. 

rise in fortune: toy jol [raise one's head] 

14B1, 16C; vik' sat [open one's eyes] 

14B2,141,16C. 

cha'-vinUc 12,12A. 

lUces lOA, 

'ibel ch'ub 28D; Ukeb ch'ub 28D. 

foundation diteh: lUceb ch'ub 28D, 

foundation maker: j'ak' ton ta Ukeb ch'ub 

28A; j'ibeltasej-ch'ub 28A. 

lay a foundation: *ak' tanal 28; 'ak' tanal 

lUceb ch'ub 28; 'ibeltas 28; 'och 'u'un ton 

ta lUceb ch'ub 28; lUces ch'ub 28. 

person who lays a foundation: jlikesej-ch'ub 

28A. 

town founders: ba'yi vinUc 19; yanilaUk vinik 

19. 

'av Ho' IC, 28D; lok'eb Ho' IC, 28D. 

chanib 12. 

(animals): chan-kot 12A. 

(people): chan-vo' 12A. 

four hundred: j-bok' 12A. 

chan-lajuneb 12. 

foiuleen times: chan lajun mek 12A. 

'ajval tuluk' [lord or enemy of tiie chickens] 

6A1, 14A;vet6Al, 

have fragrance spread: k'epet muil 8D. 

mu 8D; mumutik 8D. 

make framework with small pole: xulay 28. 

Francia 15A2, 19. 

frank person: 'utzU vinik 16A;j'aboltayvanej 

16A; tojol vinik 16A, 

'atil 16A, 

kuxes 9A1, lOD; yaxubes [lo make bluegreen] 9A1, lOD, 14D2; Hitun 9A1, lOD, 
398 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

freedman 

freeze 

frequentiy 

fresh 

fret 

fretted 

friar 

Friday 

friend 

friendliness 

friendly 

friendship 

fright 

frighten 

frightened 

frightful 

frog 

froUc 

from 

(captive or prisoner): lok' 20A, 21E; lok'es 

21E. 

free person from his oath: ch'aybey k'op 

juramento lOD, 15A2. 

free time: naka 'osil [just time] 2,14E; naka 

'osiltik 2. 

free wUl: kuxul tza IT; na'ben tza IT. 

kuxul vinik 20, 22A; te'el vinik [wooden 

man] 14, 20; yaxal vinUc [blue-green 

person] 14D2, 20. 

pat ba IC, 8A. 

'atal mek 2,12; 'ep la mek 2,12; *'oyo'oyo 

2, 12; lUcel kajel 2, 12; lUcel Ukel 2, 12; 

lUcel t'abel 2; naka no 'ox 2,12. 

quite frequentiy: 'ep'ep 2,12. 

'ach' 12; yaxal 12. 

(fish, cheese): yox 6D, 12, 23A2. 

become fresh: yaxub [become blue-green] 

12, 14D2. 

make fresh: yaxubtas 12. 

(cloth, siUc): laj 31A; naka 'ak'U 'ayan 31A. 

naka 'ak'U no 'ox 31 A. 

be fretted: laj 31 A. 

ch'uul vinik 35A; jch'uul-xanbal 35A; dominico 15A1, 35A; padre 15A1, 35A. 

cha'ej xa 'oy domingo 2B, 15A3; viernes 

2B, 15A3. 

chi'U 16D; tasal 16D; *val-te' 16D. 

become friends with: pas ba chi'uk 16D; pas 

chi'uk 16D. 

'atil 16D. 

'atil vinUc 16D; laal 'atil 16D; laal 'utzil 16D. 

friendly person: 'utzU vinUc 16D. 

pasel 16D. 

league of friendship: nopeb k'op [agreement 

of words] 14J, 16D; sikubenal k'op 

[cooling of words] 14G, 14J, 16D. 

sibtasel 16J; sibtasvanej 16J; tijluyel 16J. 

blanch from fright: sak-pak'tay TE, 16J; 

sak-pak'tay ba TE, 16J. 

take fright: lUc 16J. 

sibtas 16J; xi'es 16J; tij 16J. 

frighten person from carrying out a plan: 

k'asbey 'olonton [break one's heart] lOD, 

14B6,16J. 

be frightened: 'ip xi' 16J. 

be frightened by having seen or heard a 

miracle: laban 16J, 35C. 

be frightful (person, animal): xi'benaj ba 6, 

16J, 16R. 

'amoch 6C; ch'uch' 6C; jenjen 6C; *tulul 

6C. 

'utzin 32, 

lUcta4. 

front 

frost 

frostbitten 

frown 

frowning 

frtiit 

fry 

fuck 

fugitive 

full 

fungus 

furious 

furnishings 

furniture 

furrow 

(the city, the garden): ta 4. 

from now on: batel 2. 

'elov 4; 'ichon 4. 

be in front of: 'elan 4. 

in front of: ta 'ichonU 4. 

in front of (one house or another): 'elanej 

ba 4,28C. 

'ob IC, 8A; 'ov IC, 8A. 

be frostbitten: laj ta taiv 33. 

*keman sal TE, 16H; kotzan sat TE, 16H. 

fierce frown: pak'al-baijel TE, 16H. 

frown at *kemanbey sat TE, 16H. 

frown fiercely: pak'al-baij TE, 16H; pak'alin 

ba TE, 16H, 

look witii a frown: kotzan sat k'el TE, 16H, 

be frowning: *kemel sat TE, 16H. 

person who is frowning fiercely: jpak'albaijel TE, 16H. 

lo'bol 5, 

(general term): sat [eye or face] 5,14B2. 

after fruit matz'epal 5; p'ajbenal 5. 

fresh fruit 'ach' lo'bol [new fruit] 5B, 12, 

14, 23A. 

fruit ti-ee: te'el lo'bol 5. 

summer fruit: k'ak'altikil lo'bol [hot season 

fruit] 5, 14G; k'ak'altUcil sat [hot season 

fiiiil] 5,14G. 

wild fruit te'tikil lo'bol 5; voymollUcil lo'bol 

5. 

ch'U 23A3. 

(have relations, a man with a woman, using 

a clear term): kob 18C. 

'ay la muk'ta 'anil lOD, 2IE; jjatanel lOD, 

21E; jjatavel lOD, 21E; jjatvU lOD, 21E; 

jjinel lOD, 2IE. 

'oy bel 9E, 12; noj 9E, 12. 

be fuU: noj 9E, 12. 23A4; sit 9E, 23A4; sitel 

9E, 23A4. 

fungus that grows on trees: cheche 5A; 

sak-'itaj [white greens] 5A, 14D5. 

'ip k'ak'al [very hot] 14G, 16H; k'ok' [hot] 

14G, 16H; laal te'te'il 16H; te'te'ub 16H; 

toj lek'-ti' 16H; toj te'te' 16H. 

become furious: k'ak'ub 16H; lek'-ti'ub 

16H. 

household furnishings: bel naU 22B; tzatzajeb na 22B. 

*'ichinaUl 22B; bel naU 22B. 

precious furniture: bel nail 22B. 

vok' 9D, 26. 

(either plowed or as in the Mexicans' 

cornfields or as we do when we plant 

radishes): tz'alav 9D, 26. 

(not plowing, but as the Mexicans prepare 
NUMBER 31 399 

fury 

future 

gag 

gaUantiy 

gaUantry 

gaUery 

galley 

gaUows 

game 

gameboard 

gameroom 

garden 

gardener 

gargle 

garland 

garUc 

garrison 

gas 

tiieir cornfields): tz'al 9D, 26, 

plow a furrow: xoj ta vok'el 9D, 26; xoj 

vok'el 9D, 26. 

plowed furrow: xojbenal 9D, 26; xojbenal 

la vok'el 9D, 26. 

k'ak'al 16H; k'ak'al 'olonton [hot heart] 

14B6, 14G. 16H; k'ak'alU [heat] 14G, 

16H. 

sometime in the future: bak'inuk to 2, 

G 

lotz'ob 'ok'U 21C. 

lek 16F. 

'utzil 16F; lekU 16F; t'ujumal 16F, 

sun gallery: 'a'iab k'ak'al 28D; k'atinab 

k'ak'al 28D, 

yabutinab castillan jom 9A2, 15AT, 21E1; 

yabutinajeb jom 9A2, 21E1. 

mUob 21C; milob vinUc 21C; milobU 21C; 

mUvanab 21C; picota 15A2, 21C. 

tajimol 32B. 

game of fortune (that they used lo play witii 

beans): chenek' bul 32B. 

lose game: 'ale 16L, 32B. 

play games of fortune: bulin 32B. 

player of games of fortune: buUnom 32B, 

win game: 'ale 16C, 32B; 'aleyvan 16C, 

32B, 

bulinab 32B; bulinabU 32B; tenal te'el bul 

32B, 

(where tiiey play): ch'akob k'op 28D, 32B; 

nakleb 'ojov [lord's room] 14, 28D, 32B, 

'av 'itaj 26; 'av tz'unbaltik 26; 'av tz'unubil 

26; tz'unbaltik 26; lum nichim 26, 

flower garden: 'av nichim 26; nichimlUc 5B, 

26, 

jchabi-'itaj 26A; jpas-'itaj 26A. 

pas pox TG, 34; pas pox pokobil 'eal TG, 

34; pokobil 'eal TG, 34; pox jamobil nuk' 

TG, 34; pox pokobil 'eal TG, 34. 

make gargle: pas pox jamobil nuk'U 7G, 34. 

j-'ak' nichim 3IE; j-choj nichim 3IE; j-jU 

nichim 3IE; nit-bail 3 IE. 

place garland on person's head: 'ak' nit-bail 

tajol9B, 31E. 

put on a garland: nit-baij 9B, 3IE. 

ajos 5B, 15A10. 

j-tos j'anlzU ti' 21E1; j-tos jyabutil 21E1. 

garrison a fortress: 'ipajes yabutinab na 

21E1, 28C3; tzatzubtas yabutinab na 

21E1, 28C3. 

produce gas in one's stomach (food): 'u'un 

lUc ch'ut 7E, 23A, 33; lik ch'utul 7E, 

gate 

gatekeeper 

gateman 

gatiier 

gatiiered 

gauntiet 

genealogy 

general 

generation 

generosity 

generous 

gemus 

gentleman 

gentiy 

genuflect 

gesture 

get 

giant 

giddap! 

gift 

gild 

23A, 33. 

town gate: 'ocheb j-tek lum 28D1; ti' nanatik 

28D1, 

jchabi ti' na 22A, 

jjam-na 22A, 

tzoh 9B, lOB; kunaj 9B, lOB; kunan 9B, 

lOB; kuntzaj 9B, lOB. 

gatiier togetiien busan 9B, lOB; tzob 9B, 

lOB; tzobaj 9B, lOB; tzobajes 9B, lOB; 

tzoban 9B, lOB; tzobey 9B, lOB; tzobvan 

9B, lOB, 

tzobol 9B, lOB; *chanul 9B, lOB. 

gatiiered togetiier: izobanbU 9B, 9C, lOB; 

tzobbil 9B, 9C, lOB, 

objects being gathered: tzoboj 9B, lOB, 

objects gathered together: tzobben 9B, 9C, 

lOB, 

tak'in xojob k'ob 21E2; tak'in xojobil k'obil 

21E2, 

tz'unbal 18F; chojol 18F; j-choj ta vinik [a 

string of people] 14, 18F; j-tos la vinUc 

[a group of people] 14,18F; j-vol ta vinUc 

18F; tasal 18F; valel 18F. 

la sut 4, 

be of the same generation: jun ta maletUc 

18F; jun ta mool 18F. 

first generation: j-lz'ok maletik 18F, 

second generation: cha'-tz'akal maletUc 18, 

tekpanijel 15B, 16A; tekpanU 15B, 16A, 

mo k'usi jol 'u'un 16A; tekpan 15B, 16A, 

be generous: mo k'usi jalan 16A, 

generous person: 'atil vinik 16A; tekpan 

vinUc [princely person] 14, 15B, 16A; 

tekpanil vinik 15B, 16A, 

na'vanej 16C, 

tekpan vinik 15B, 16A, 20, 

tzaibil 8E; k'unk'un 8E; k'unuk 8E; nopbU 

8E, 

•kekubaj 7D, 35C; *kekuban 7D, 35C. 

gesture witii one's hands: bech-k'abay 7E. 

gestiu-e witii one's head: bech-joli 7E. 

talOB. 

get witii insistence: tzob 'Ucatz [gatiier 

burdens] lOB, 14. 

go lo get something: bein 9A1, lOB. 

muk' vinik 7C; t'inel 7C; vatal 'akan 7C. 

'ux 25. 

k'eelU IOC; tekpanil IOC, 15B. 

favor with a gift matanijes IOC. 

receive a gift: 'ich' moton lOB; matantay 

lOB. 

reciprocal gift: pakol k'eel IOC; pakol moton 

IOC. 

'ak'bey tak'in 29, 30; 'otesbey lak'in 29, 30. 
400 

gilded 'oy tak'in 8F1,29,30; but'bU ta k'anal tak'in 

8F1,29, 30. 

gilder j'ak' k'anal tak'in 29A; jnap' k'anal tak'in 

29 A. 

gird bal 31. 

girt tzeb 18B. 

be a full-grown girl: paj ch'iel tzeb 18B. 

become a full-grown girl: la 'okel tzeb 18B. 

young girl: bik'tal tzeb 18B; ch'iom tzeb 

18B. 

girlfriend 'ajmul 18B, 18D. 

girUiood tzebal 18B. 

reach girlhood: tzebay 18B, 

give 'ak' IOC; 'ak'bey IOC; 'et'esbey IOC; k'elan 

IOC, 

give away: k'elan IOC, 

give for free: k'elan IOC. 

give to: 'ak'bey IOC; k'elanbey IOC. 

give without charge: 'ak' ta k'elanel IOC. 

given given for free: k'elanbU IOC. 

giver jk'eel IOC; jk'elanvanej IOC. 

gizzard cho'U [grinder or metate] 6F, 14B; chukleb 

ve'el 6F. 

gladden 'utzibes 16A, 16B; 'utzibtas 16A, 16B; 

muibes [perfume] 14C, 16A, 16B; t'ujumajes 16A, 16B, 

glanders chamel chij 33; chijU chamel 33. 

glands fatal swelling of the glands: jtzamesvanej 

chamel 18E, 33. 

swelUng of the glands: bUc'tal chamel 33. 

glass *puk 30. 

drinking glass: bochU *puk 22C. 

glazed ch'ulul 30. 

glazier *jpas-puk 30A. 

gleam xojob yan ID. 

glean k'uxk'ultay lOB, 26. 

corn: k'uxk'ulaj lOB, 26. 

gleaning k'uxk'ulajel lOB, 26. 

gleaning of corn after harvest k'uxk'ul lOB, 

26. 

gleanings corn gleanings: tzo' vojton [corncob shit] 

lOB, 14B12,26. 

gloomy 'ik'-pulan lA. 

(sky): 'ik'-pulantik IC. 

glorification 'utzibtasel 16C, 35C; 'utzibtasvanej 16C, 

35C; muibtasel 16C, 35C; muibtasvanej 

16C, 35C. 

glorified 'UtzibtasbU 16C, 35C; muibtasbU 16C, 35C; 

nichimajesbU 35C. 

glorifier j'utzintasvanej 16C, 35 A; jmuibtasvanej 16C, 

35A. 

glorify 'utzibtas [make good] 14, 16C, 35C; tzatzubes [make strong] 14, 16C, 35C; 

muibes [perfume] 14,16C, 35C; muibtas 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

16C, 35C; muk'ubtas [make big] 14F1, 

16C, 35C; nichimajes 16C, 35C; toy 

[raise] 14,16C, 35C. 

glory 'utzibeb 35C; 'utzibebal 35C; *mi-bail 35C; 

muibel 35C; nichimajel [flowering] 14, 

35C. 

true glory: batz'i muibel 35C; tojol muibel 

35C. 

glove xoj k'ob 3 IC; xojobU k'obU 3 IC. 

glue castiUan chak lOA, 15A2; chak lOA; chaki 

9B, lOA. 

glued chakibil 9B, lOA. 

glutton *tzaom 160, 23A4; *tzaomal vinUc 160, 

23A4; jkamojel 160, 23A4; mu'natU 

vinik [base or slave person] 14, 160, 

23A4. 

gluttony *tzaomal 160,23A4; tz'i'U ve'el [dog meal] 

14A2, 160, 23A4; k'a'al ve'el [rotten 

meal] 14, 160, 23A4; mo tojol ve'eluk 

160, 23A4; mu'natil 160, 23A4; mulal 

ve'el [sinful meal] 14,160,23A4; tuluk'U 

ve'el [chicken meal] 14A, 160, 23A4. 

gnat 'us 6E. 

gnat tiiat gets in one's eyes: lo'lo' 6G, 33. 

gnaw (as clotiies moths or mice eal clothing): k'ux 

6G, 10E,23A4, 31. 

(as dogs with a bone): nulilan 6G, 23A4. 

gnawed area gnawed by a mouse: joch'ben ch'o lOE, 

23A4. 

gnawed area: joch'benal lOE, 

go bat9Al. 

go out: lok' 9A1; lok'es ba 9A1, 

go through (needle in clothes, driU in a 

board): jelav 9E, 28, 31 A. 

go through streets or gardens: 'ech' 9A1. 

go-between jtzitzvanej ta 'utzil k'op 20A. 

goad yalbay 25. 

goad Slick: yalbayabU 25B; yolobil 25B, 

God ch'u 35D; dios 15A1, 35D, 

follow God's commands or persevere in that 

effort: batz'itay chabiel k'op dios 15A1, 

35C; batz'itay pasel k'op dios 15A1,35C, 

God grant *jey 13A; *jeye 13 A, 

remember God frequentiy: tamtamuk dios ta 

'olonton 15A1, 35C. 

god false god: pak'tayej ch'u 16N, 35F; patol 

dios 15A1, 16N, 35F; tajimol ch'u 16N, 

35F, 

goddess principal goddess: 'alajom 35F. 

godmotiier baptismal godmother: me' ta 'a'al dios 15A1, 

18C, 18F, 35C; me'U ta bautismo 15A1, 

18F, 35C. 

wedding godmother: me'U ta nupunel 18D, 

35C. 
NUMBER 31 401 

goiter 

gold 

goldsmitii 

good 

goodness 

goods 

goose 

gopher 

gorge 

gormandize 

gossip 

(in animals): sit nuk' 6, 33. 

k'anal tak'in [yellow metal] 14D3,29. 

gold dross: tzo' k'anal tak'in 29, 

gold dust yi'al k'anal tak'in 29. 

gold leaf: jayal k'anal tak'in 29. 

gold nugget ton k'anal tak'in 29. 

gold vein: ch'en k'anal tak'in 29; lok'eb 

k'anal tak'in 29. 

jten k'anal tak'in 29A. 

'utz 16A; patel 'olonton 16A; patob 'utz 

16A. 

be especiaUy good: toj 'utz tuk 14, 16A; 

toyol tuk la 'utzU [be uniquely high in 

goodness] 14,16A, 

be on good terms witii: laal 'U ba 16A, 16D; 

laal 'U ba chi'uk 16A, 16D; laal 'utzU 

k'opoj [speak abundant good] 14J, 16A, 

16D; laal k'opon ba 16A, 16D, 

become good: 'utzib 16A; 'utzin 16A, 

do good: 'aboltay 16A; 'aboltayvan 16A; 

'utz pas 16A; 'utzil-pas 16A; vokoltasvan 

16A. 

do good or merciful acts: vokoltas 16A, 

especially good: jelel tuk 16A; toj 'utz 16A, 

good deed: 'utzU pasvanej 16A. 

live a good life: ch'uun ba 16A. 

make good: 'utzibes 16A; 'utzibtas 16A, 

moderately good: 'utz"utz' nopbil 16A; 

tzakbU ta 'utz'U 16A, 

not very good: yalul 'utz' 16A. 

sound good: 'utz 'a'i 8C; 'utz 'a'iel 8C. 

'utzil 16A; 'utzUal 16A, 

goods being transported: 'eanbol 9A1, 

stolen goods: 'elek' 21 A; 'ochol 21 A, 

'umum 6B2; castiUan 'umum 6B2, 15A9; 

castillan vinik pato 6B2, 15A9; patox 

6B2, 

ba 6A1. 

gopher mound: bus ba IB, 6A1. 

with gorges: *Hopol IB, 

tz'i'lz'i' ve' 160. 23A4; tz'i'il-ve' 160, 

23A4. 

j'ich'-k'op [word-receiver] 13A, 14J, 16H; 

chibal-k'opoj 13A, 16H; jcha' lom k'op 

[he of two time talk] 13A, 14J, 16H; 

jchibal-k'op [he of two words] 13A, 14J, 

16H; jotz'-k'optay [drag out and speak 

against] 13A, 14J, 16H; joyjoy-k'optay 

[speak around and against] 13A, 14J, 

16H; jjoy-k'optayvanej 13A, 16H; lobk'optay 13 A, 16H, 

gossip intended to arouse discord: cha'-lom 

k'op 13A, 16H. 20A, 

gossip intending to arouse discord: cha' lom 

k'opoj 13A. 16H, 20A, 

gossip, person who draws one out jjoy-k'op 

13 A. 16N, 

listen lo backbiting or gossip: 'ich' lot 13A, 

16H, 

goiu-d tzu 5B, 

water gourd (half gourd): 'uch'ob Ho' 5B. 

22C. 

wine gourd: 'uch'ob chi' 5B. 22C. 

gout 'Uc'al chamel 33; 'Uc'al ta 'ok 33. 

gouty 'Uc'altik 33. 

govern chabi 20; ch'ak 20; k'opoj 20; pas patan 20. 

govern self: tza pas [do intelUgentiy] 16C; 

k'op 'olonton tuk pas [do only tiie word 

of one's heart] 14B6, 14C, 16C. 

government chabiomal 20; jchabiomal 20; jk'opojel 20; 

pasel ch'akel 20. 

good government: melel 'osil [lined-up time] 

14E, 20; tojol 'osil [straight lime] 14E, 20. 

governor jchabiomal 16E, 20; jch'akel 16E, 20; 

jch'akel ta 'ol 16E, 20; jk'opojel ta 'ol 

[speaker al tiie heart] 14J, 20. 

grace 'utzibel 16A, 35C; 'utzil 16A, 35C. 

endowed with grace: 'ep 'utzil 16A. 16R, 

35C; 'ep gracia 15A1,16A, 16R, 35C. 

graceful 'utz 16R; *'ulubalal 16R; lek 16R; t'ujum 

16R. 

gracefulness 'utzil 16R; lekil 16R; t'ujumal 16R. 

graciously act graciously: t'ujum pas 16F, 16R. 

speak graciously: 'utz k'opoj 16F, 16R. 

grackle boat-tailed grackle: bak mut [bone or thin 

bird] 6B1, 14 A. 

graduaUy tzaibiltzaibU 2C; izaibUuk no 'ox 2C; k'unk'un 

no 'ox 2C; k'unk'unuk no 'ox 2C; 

nopbUnopbil 2C; nopbiluk no 'ox 2C. 

graduate (priest): lUc 'u'un sacerdoteal 11,15A1,35A. 

graduate from priestly order: 'ich' padreil 

11,15A1,35A. 

graft (tree): 'unen k'exbon 5, 26. 

grafted shoot grafted onto a tree: 'unen ni' 5,26. 

grammar chanob latin k'op UA, 15A2. 

granary 'av 'ixim 28C2; na 'ixim 28C2; ten 28C2; 

ten 'ixim 28C2. 

Store in a granary: tenay 9B, lOB, 28C2. 

underground granary for wheal: lumal ten 

28C2; ta 'ut lum ten 28C2. 

grand toj labajel 12. 

be grand: labaney 12. 

grandchild man's grandchild: mom 18F. 

woman's grandchild: 'i 18F. 

grandeur labanel 12. 

grandfatiier muk'ta tot [big fatiier] 14F1,14H, 18F, 

grandmother muk'ta me' [big mother] 14F1, 14H, 18F. 

grape tz'usub 5B. 
402 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

grapevine: 'ak'U tz'usub 5B. 

grapevine prop: 'ipajebal 26; xok' 5B; xok'U 

5B, 

grapevine runner: 'ak'il tz'usub 5B, 

grapevine stock: te'el tz'usub 5B. 

main trunk of tiie grapevine: muk'ta 'ibel 

tz'usub 5B, 

unripe grape: tzeel tz'usub 5B, 

grapple japi 9D; japi ch'ay 9D; vol 9D; vol ch'ay 9D, 

grappled volbil 9D. 

grappling japivanej 9D. 

grasp 'ik 9D. 

grasped object being grasped: kikoj 9D. 

grass jobel 5A; si'vUon 5A. 

dry grass: taki-jobel 5, 8B. 

grasshopper (small locust): p'ilix 6E. 

grate jos 28D. 

(term now used): reja 15A8, 28D; verja 

15A8, 28D. 

iron window grate: kolol lak'in 28D. 

wooden grate: cholbil te' 28D; mak te' 28D; 

melbil chUcin te' 28D; melbil te' 28D. 

wooden window grate: kolol te' 28D. 

be grateful: na' 'aboltayel [remember tiie 

favor or suffering] 14, 16A; vokoltasel 

'a'i 16A, 

be grateful to: na'el 'u'un 16A. 

josob tak'in 22C; josvanab 22C. 

na'el 'aboltayvanej 16A. 

'ip 12; 'ol [heavy] 12, 14; tzotz 12; yaya 12. 

mukenal 18E. 

have one's grave removed: k'exbU mukenal 

lOD, 18E. 

move one's grave: k'exbey muk'nal lOD, 

18E. 

bik'tal ton IB. 

graveUy place: pitavul tontUc IB; tontik IB. 

popol ton [mat stone] 14, 18E. 

dark gray (cloth): 'Uc'-yaman 8F1, 31 A. 

lo'baj 6G, 25; lo'ov 6G, 25. 

'it'it'ul 6F; k'an-'ixmal 6F. 

(as on old clothes): 'Uc'uyal 7G, 31. 

animal grease: k'an-'ixim 6F. 

'ep 'ik'uyal 7G, 8E; 'it'it' 8E; k'an-'iximtik 

8E; noj ta 'ik'uyal 7G, 8E; pim 'ik'uyal 

7G, 8E. 

be greasy: 'ip 'it'et 8E; 'ip 'olet 8E; pim 

'it'it'ul 8E. 

become greasy: 'it'et 8E; 'olet 8E. 

very greasy: laal 'it'it' 8E; laal 'it'it'ul 8E. 

great a great deal: toj pim 12. 

great-grandchild man's great grandchild: cha'-mom 18F. 

woman's great grandchUd: cha'-'i 18F. 

grateful 

grater 

gratitude 

grave (1) 

grave (2) 

gravel 

graveUy 

gravestone 

gray 

graze 

grease 

greasy 

great-grandfather 

great-grandmother 

greater 

greed 

greedy 

green 

greens 

greet 

greeting 

greyhound 

grief 

gneve 

grievous 

grimace 

cha' muk'ta tol [second big fatiier] 14F1, 

14H, 18F; cha'-va'al muk'ta tot [second 

standing big father] 14F1. 14H, 18F. 

cha' muk'ta me' [second big mother] 14F1, 

14H, 18F; cha'-va'al muk'ta me' [second 

standing big mother] 14F1, 14H, 18F. 

muk' 12. 

t'ut'ibel 160; t'ut'U 160. 

t'ut' 160; t'ut'U 160. 

be greedy: t'ut'ib 160. 

become greedy: yavajib 160, 

greedy person: I'ut'il vinik 160, 

tze 5. 26; tzeel 5, 26; yox 8F1; yoxyox 8F1. 

(corn, ete, that is not dry or weU-cured): yox 

to5B, 8F1,26, 

dark green (backwater): yax-joman IC, 8F1. 

green again (grain field, grass): yax-balan 5, 

5B, 8F1; yax-k'utan 5, 5B, 8F1. 

grow green: yax-bajtay 8F1; yax-tz'antay 

8F1; yax-k'utlay 8F1; yaxub 8F1. 

light, bright green: yax-bajan 8F1; yaxtz'anan 8F1. 

edible greens: 'itaj 5. 

tzames 16F; k'ejan ba ta tz'el [step aside] 

14.16F; k'opon 16F. 

(by doffing one's hat): jambey pix jol 16F. 

greet one anotiier: tzames ba 16F; k'ejan ba 

16F. 

angel's greeting: tzamesvanej Angel 15A1, 

35D. 

greeting of tiie Virgin by the angel: tzamesel 

jalal xeptik 'u'un Angel 15Al, 35D. 

'ipal j'anU-tz'i' [racing dog] 6A2, 14A2; 

bakbak tz'i' [bony or thin dog] 6A2, 

14A2. 

k'uxubinvanej 16J. 

conceal one's grief: muk 16J. 16N; fen 16J, 

16N. 

have grief doubled: 'ipaj me'anajel 16J. 

k'ux 'a'i 16J. 

be grievous: la 'olonton [reach one's heart] 

14B6, 16J; taoj 'olonton [reached one's 

heart] 14B6,16J; tij 'olonton [strike one's 

heart] 14B6,16J. 

'ilel 'Uel pasel satil 7E. 16J; 'ilel 'ilel p'isel 

satil 7E, 16J; tz'e'el satil 7E, 16J; 

sak-* loan satil 7E, 16J; sak-*tosan satil 

7E, 16J, 

make grimaces: 'ilel 'ilel k'elay 7E, 16J; 'ilel 

'ilel lok'tay 7E, 16J; 'ilel 'ilel p'is 7E, 

16J; maxU-lok'tay [monkey create] 7E, 

14Al, 16J, 32; maxil-p'is [monkey measure] 7E, 14A1, 16J, 32. 
NUMBER 31 

grind 

grinding 

gristie 

groan 

groom 

ground 

group 

grouped 

grove 

grow 

growl 

growth 

gmb 

grumble 

grumbling 

grunt 

gmnter 

guarantor 

guard 

juch'un 9D, 23A3, 

female servant who grinds the corn: jjuch'nom 

22A. 

grind dyes: noyUan bon 9D, 31 A. 

grind flour: juch' ch'Uim 9D. 23A3. 

grind for the first lime: voch' 9D. 

grind more: tek' 9D. 

grind very fine: noyilan 9D. 

grind very fine (cacao): noy 9D, 23A3. 

stone for grinding dyes: juch'obU bon 9D, 

31 A; noyob bon 9D, 31 A; noyobU bon 

9D, 31 A. 

'unen bakel [baby bone] 6F, 14B10; k'unil 

bakel [soft bone] 6F, 14B1, 

voet 8C1; voetel 8C1. 

groan with pain or sickness: 'akanaj 8C1, 

33; 'aket 8C1, 33. 

'ach' ni'atz 18D; 'ach' ni'atzU 18D, 

balumilal IB, 

(not sky): balumil IB, 

hard ground: *chaj toniUc IB, 8E. 

(object): tzob 9B, 

group of two, three or foun j-lotol 12 A; lot 

12A. 

in a group: lotol 9B, 

grouped togetiier: pisU 9B, 

te'tUc 5, 

ch'i 18B;pasbal8B. 

(town): 'epaj na 19. 

grow up: ch'i batel 18B. 

have dog's hair grow back: pukin tzotzilal 

tz'i' 6G. 

(stomach): jubet 7E, 8C1; k'ulet 7E, 8C1. 

have one's stomach growl: ch'o'et 7E, 8C1. 

pus-fiUed growth: 'apon 33. 

corn grub: chanul 'ixim 6E, 26. 

(as women do witii maids or daughters): 

tukuk 13A, 16H, 16J; vulul 13A. 16H, 

16J. 

(as women do): lukiUcet 13A. 16H, 16J, 

(women): vululel 13A, 16H, 16J; vulvon 

13A, 16H, 16J; vulvonet 13A, 16H, 16J. 

tuketel 13A, 16H, 16J; tukuketel 13A, 16H, 

16J; vululel 13A, 16H, 16J; vululetel 

13A, 16H, 16J. 

jokjonetel 8C1. 

(pig): jokjonet 6G, 8C1; jokjonet ni' 6G. 

8C1. 

'ipal jjokjonetel 8C1; jjokjonetel 8Cl. 

jlok'tayvanej 27; jlok'vanej 27. 

stand as guarantor: lok' 27; lok'tay 27; va'an 

ba ta tojol [stand up for one] 14, 27. 

chabi 8F, lOB; jchabiomal lOB, 20, 21E; 

guardian 

guess 

guest 

guffaw 

guide 

guiU 

guitar 

gulf 

gum 

gummy 

gun 

gunpowder 

gush 

gyrfalcon 

haU 

hair 

403 

jchabivanej lOB, 20, 21E. 

jchabivanej 16D, 18B, 20. 

tza 11; tzai 'olonton [have one's heart think] 

11. 14B6. 14C; na'-tzai 11; na'-tzaij 11; 

na'non 11; na'nonet 11; nop la 'olonton 

[tiiink in one's heart] 11.14B6. 

guess right na' 11, 

'ulo' 19A; 'ulovU 19A; pa'i 19A, 

guest who lodges in one's house: 'ix kelemil 

19A, 28C, 

receive a guest 'ula'an lOB, 19A; 'ulo'in 

lOB,19A, 

k'ojk'on 'e la tze'ej 8C1, 

ba'yi 9A1, 9B, 11; ba'yitas 9A1, 9B, 11; 

jba'yi 9A1, 11; chanantas la be 9A1, 9B, 

ll;vesan9Al,9B, 11. 

lake as one's guide: ba'yi 9A1, lOB, 11. 

*'aal 16M; 'al 16M; mul 16M; mulU 16M. 

rid oneself of guilt pok ba [wash oneself] 

lOD, 14, 16M, 

ch'ajnul vob 32A1. 

play a guitar: tij ch'ajnul vob 32A; timulan 

32A, 

ta 'o'lol nab IC; ta 'ut nab IC. 

xuch' 5. 

laal xuch' 5. 8E; xuch'tik 5. 8E. 

firing of lombard gun. etc.: tuk'avej 21E2. 

lombard gun: muk'ta luk' 21E2; nUc' 21E2. 

sibak 21E2, 

gush up: bulin 9E, 

gush up in many places: bullajet 9E, 

xUc6Bl;Hovxik6Bl. 

H 

bot IC; p'aj bot IC; yal bot IC, 

tzon tzotzU 7A. 

(head): tzotzil 7A; tzotzU jol 7A; tzotzUal 

7A; tzotzilal jol 7A. 

clip one's hair: pasbey 'isim lOD. 3IE; 

pasbey jol lOD, 31E. 

clip or crop hair (of criminals): tulbey jol 

lOD, 21C. 

crop hair (of those who have committed 

some crime): tul jol lOD, 21C. 

goal hair: tzotzil 'isim chij 6F; tzotzil tentzun 

6F. 

have one's hair fall out: lilij tzotzil jol 33; 

lub tzotzil jol 33. 

have one's hair stand on end: tzavet izoizU 

7E; tzavub 7E; potzet tzotzil 7E. 

have one's hair turn white: sakub jol 8F1. 

make hair stand on end (caQ: tz'abub 6G. 
404 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

hairy 

half 

half-broUed 

half-biu-nt 

half-cooked 

half-eaten 

halfway 

hall 

halter 

hamlet 

hammer 

hammered 

hammering 

hand 

part one's hair: p'ev tzotzil 31E; p'ev jol 

31E. 

pubic hair: tzisanU TA, 18C. 

puU one's hair out jotz 9D, lOD. 

tear one's hair: bul tzotzU jol lOE; jotz jol 

9D, lOD. 

white hair: sak-lzolzU TC, 8F1; sakU tzotz 

TC, 8F1. 

with hair standing on end: ta tzavlej tzotzil 

TC. 

with one's hair torn out jotzbU jol TC. 9D, 

lOD. 

'ip tzon tzotz TC; 'ip tzon tzotzil TC. 

j-jech 12A; j-jov 12A; medio 12, 15A3. 

break in half: ta 'o'lol jal lOE. 12. 

half a pound: 'o'lol libra 12, 15A3. 

half pay: 'o'lol tojol 12,2T. 

tze to ta voel 23A3; mo to jaka ta'aj ta voel 

23A3. 

k'ak'tik ID, 23A3; k'an k'ak'el ID, 23A3. 

tze lo 23A3; mo to jaka ta'aj 23A3. 

jech'eltik 23A4. 

'o'lol 12; k'alal ta 'o'lol 12. 

reach halfway: po'otaj 9A1, 12; ta 'o'lol 

9A1.12. 

jUjU na 28C; muk'ta na 28C; tastas na 28C. 

ch'ajnul 25B; ch'ojon 25B. 

halter maken jch'ajnujel 30A; jpas-ch'ojon 

30A, 

make a halten ch'ajnuj 30; ch'ajnuy 30, 

'alal j-tek lum 19; bUc'tal lum 19; nich'nal 

j-tek lum 19, 

hamlet dweUer: 'alal vinik 19; nich'nal vinUc 

19, 

bajobU 26B. 28B; maj ta martillo 15A8, 28; 

majob 26B, 28B; majobU 26B, 28B; 

majulan 28; martillo 15A8, 26B, 28B; 

tenob 26B, 28B; tij 28; tij ta martillo 

15A8, 28; tijob 26B, 28B; tijobU 26B; 

tijulan 28, 

(stone): k'ojk'onet 28, 

blacksmitii's hammen tenob tak'in 28B, 29; 

tenobU 28B, 29; tenobU lak'in 28B, 29. 

hammer (with which to wound): tenob te' 

9D, 21E2, 33. 

hammer as on the anvU: ten lak'in 9D, 29, 

hammer or rammer (with which to ram or 

wound): tenobil 9D, 21E2, 33. 

stonecutter's hammer: 'anob ton 26B, 

bajulanbU 9D; majuIanbU 9D; lenbU 9D; 

lijbU 9D; tijulanbU 9D, 

k'ojk'onetel 9D. 

k'obU TA. 

left hand: tz'et k'obU TA; tz'el k'obol TA. 

object held in hand: yomoj TA, lOB. 

palm of the hand: pach'omal k'obil TA. 

put one's hand over one's heart (inside one's 

shirt): lap k'ob ta k'u' [wear one's hand 

in one's clotiiing] TD, 14B10. 

right hand: batz'i k'ob [real hand] 4, TA, 

14B10;nojk'ob4,TA. 

hand-barrow k'echobU 25B. 

(for mud, rocks, Ume): k'echob IB, 

25B. 

handbaU p'os 32B. 

handbaU player: p'osinom 32B. 

play handball: p'os 32B; p'osin 32B. 

handful j-jop 12A; j-k'et 12A; j-k*etiej 12A; j-mich' 

12A; j-yomlej 12A. 

(candles): yomben TEl, lOB. 

(of long objects, like straws): j-mich'lej 12A, 

(of long untied objects lUce straws): j-yom 

12A. 

(tied bunch of herbs, torch sticks): j-chuk 

12A, 23A. 

hold or take a handful to put it down: jop 

9B. 12A. 

object being held or taken in handfuls: jopoj 

9B. 

single handful: j-mich'mich' 12A; j -

yomyom no 'ox 12A, 

handkerchief kusob ni'U 31C; kusobU ni'U 31C; simtayabU ni'U 31C. 

handkerchief for removing sweat kusobU 

ChUc'U 3IC, 

handle 'Ucobal 22C. 25B; 'Ucobil 22C. 25B; lUcobU 

22C, 25B. 

handprint 'av k'obil 9D; 'av k'obol 9D. 

handsome 'utz 16R; lek 16R; t'ujum 16R. 

handsome person: lek vinUc 16R. 

handsomeness lekil 16R, 

handy jilom no 'ox 2TB. 

be handy: 'ep ta mek tuuney 2TB; buytikuk 

'ep ta mek tuun [be everywhere when 

needed] 14, 2TB; tuun no 'ox tuk 2TB; 

tuun tuk 2TB. 

hang jiban 9B; jok'an 9B; jok'ey 9B; lUcan 9B; 

lUcey 9B; mil 9B. 

place where clotiiing is hung: k'ianabU 9B, 

31; k'iebal 9B, 31, 

hanging tzoyol 9B; likanbil 9B. 

(said of a poor person, an orphan): Uch'il 

18E, 21B, 21D, 

place of hanging: jok'anab 4,21C; jok'anabU 

4,21C, 

happiness ch'ulel 16B; ch'ulelil 16B. 

happy be happy: 'il ch'ulel 16B; 'oy ch'ulel [have 

a soul] 14BT, 16B. 
NUMBER 31 

hard 

hard-hearted 

harden 

hardly 

hardness 

hardship 

harmonize 

harmony 

harp 

harquebus 

harsh 

harshly 

harvest 

hat 

hateh 

hatehed 

hatehet 

hate 

hateful 

hatred 

tzotz 8E; k'oxox 8E. 

grow hard: yijub 8E. 

grow hard (bread): k'oxoxib 8E, 23A; takij 

8E, 23A. 

become hard-hearted or persist in one's 

demands: tonib 'olonton [have one's heart 

turn to stone] 14B6,161, 

yijub 8E. 

(bread, mud): tzatzub IB, 8E, 23A; tonib 

IB, 8E. 23A. 

'ok'elal 12. 

tzatzal 8E. 

have hardships: 'ip vokol 16J. 

nup 32A, 

(discordant song): meltzan 32A; nopes 32A; 

tojobtas 32A. 

be in harmony (voices): nop 32A. 

'ak'U vob 32A1; ch'ojon vob 32A1. 

tuk' 21E2. 

stick ramrod in harquebus: xoj te' ta tuk' 

21E2; xoj tuk' 21E2, 

toj tzotz 161, 

harsh judge: tzatzal juez 15A2,161, 20A, 

harsh person: k'ak'al vinik [hot person] 

14G, 161. 

tzotz 161. 

corn harvest k'ajoj 26, 

harvest corn: k'aj 26, 

harvest time: voj tontUc 2B, 26, 

pix jolol 31C; sombrero 15A4, 31C. 

hat strap: chukobU 31C, 

'och 6G, 18A; 'oy vinik 6G. 18A. 

patiebinbil 6G, 18 A, 

be hatehed: 'oy vinkilel 6G, 18A, 

hatehet used by the Indians: 'ek'el 26B; 

batz'i 'ek'el 26B. 

iron hatchet castillan 'ek'el 15A8. 26B, 

weeding hatchet 'ak'inajeb 26B; 'ak'inajebal 26. 

'ilet 'U [see anger] 141. 16H; tzoj 'U [see 

red] 14D1. 141, 16H; tzoj 'olonton 'u'un 

[have a red heart towards] 14B6, 14D1, 

16H; kola'al-'U [see evil] 141,16H; kolo' 

'il [see as wicked] 141; k'ok' ba 'a'i [feel 

hot] 14G. 16H; tavan 'Uel 'a'i [feel] 14C. 

16H. 

be hateful: 'Uet 'iley 16H; tzoj •iley 16H; 

kolo' 'Uey 16H, 

tzajal 'ilvanej 16H; kola'al 'ilvanej 16H, 

hatt-ed one receives: 'iletel lOB, 16H; 'iletel 

'ilel lOB, 16H; tzajal 'ilel [red sight] 

lOB. 14D1.141.16H; kola'al 'ilel [wicked 

sight] lOB. 141, 16H, 

haD'ed one recieves: 'iletel 'ilvanej [sight of 

haughtUy 

haughtiness 

haughty 

haunch 

have 

hawk (1) 

hawk (2) 

he 

head 

head cloth 

headache 

headcloth 

headdress 

heal 

healtii 

healtiiy 

heap 

heaped 

hear 

hearing 

heart 

hearth 

heat 

heated 

405 

hao-ed] 141,16H. 

walk haughtily: machet TD, 16Q, 

miUc' cha'ley-bail [acting big] 14F1, 16Q; 

muk' cha'leyel ba 16Q; *pometel 16Q; 

p'onko'il 16Q; toy-baU 16Q; toyob-bail 

16Q, 

be haughty (person of authority): namal ba 

[be distant] 14, 16Q, 

become haughty: muk' cha'ley ba 16Q; 

miUc' cha'leybU 16Q; toy ba [raise oneself] 14,16Q, 

haughty person: jmachetel 16Q; *jpometel 

16Q; p'onko' vinUc 16Q; jtoy-bail 16Q, 

kubU TA, 

'oy lOB; 'oy 'u'un lOB. 

me' kotz [mother of roosters] 6B1,14 A, 

'oban TE, 

hawk on: 'obtay TE. 

Ha' 18C. 

he himself: toj tuk 18C; toj Ha' 18C, 

jolol TA. 

back of the head: pal jolol TA, 

toss one's head: sutilan jol TE. 

pech'ech'U 31C, 

have a headache: k'ux jol 33, 

have a spUtting headache: k'uxul jol 34. 

volobUjolol31C. 

woman's headdress: toca 15A4, 31C, 

but' 34; tzepenub 34. 

tzatzal 'osU [stiong season] TC, 14E, 

mo k'aluk TC; toj 'utz TC, 

be healthy: 'utz 'a'i ba [feel good] TC; tzotz 

'osU 'a'i 'u'un TC; kuxul 'osU 'a'i [feel 

lively time] TC, 14E; mo vokoluk TC. 

be healtiiy (person): tzotz 'osU 'a'i [feel 

strong time] TC, 14E. 

bus 3. 9B; bustzaj 3, 9B; bustzajel 3, 9B; 

tzob 3, 9B; lotz 3, 9B. 

be in heaps: busbonet 3,12. 

heap up: busan 3,9B. 

busul 3, 9B. 

'a'i 8C1. 

hear approvingly or with pleasure: talel ta 

'olonton 'a'i [feel it come lo one's heart] 

8C1,14B6, 16B. 

sense of hearing: 'a'iabU 8C1; 'a'ivanab 

8C1. 

'olal TAl; 'oUl TAl; 'olontonil TAl. 

skin covering the heart: k'u' 'olonton [heart 

clothing] TAl, 14B6. 

'av k'ok' ID, 22C; tzaneb k'ok ID, 22B; 

nop'eb k'ok' ID, 22B. 

k'ixnajes 8A; k'ixnay 8A. 

k'ixnaybil 8A, 
406 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

warmed: k'ixnajesbU 8A. 

heater k'ixnajesab 8A, 22C; k'ixnajesabil 8A, 22C; 

k'ixnayabil 8A, 22C. 

heathen heathen custom: pasnej te mo ch'uunvan 

vinUce 35F. 

heaven 'utzibeb [place of increasing goodness] 14E, 

18E, 35C; 'utzibebal 18E, 35C; muibeb 

[place of increasing fragrance] 14E, 18E, 

35C; muibebal 18E, 35C; nichimajeb 

[flowering place] 14E, 18E, 35C; nichimajebal 18E, 35C. 

heavy 'ol 12. 

become heavy: 'alub 12. 

heel chak 'okil TA. 

badly cracked (heels): varvuxlik TA. 33. 

cracking of heels: vax-t'ajel 33. 

heifer 'ol vacas 6A2. 15A9; bUc'tal vacas 6A2. 

15A9. 

height natil 12, 

be of tiie same height ko'ol natil 8G, 12. 

make the same height: ko'ol natil pas 12. 

held object being held in one's hand: mich'oj 

TEl, lOB. 

object held: japiej lOB. 

object held in one's hand: mich'ben TEl, 

lOB. 

heU chamebal 18E, 35C. 

(particularly of the damned): chan-kajal na 

[four-storied house] 14,18E, 35C. 

(where the bones are burnQ: k'atin-bak ID, 

18E, 35C. 

person in hell: k'atin-bakU vinik ID, 18E, 

35C. 

heUfire k'atin-bakU 'ik'ti' ID, 18E, 35C; k'atin-bakU 

'U ya ID. 18E. 35C; k'atin-bakil vokol 

ID, 18E, 35C; k'atin-bakil ya ID, 18E, 

35C. 

hehnet 'axina 21E2; kovov tak'in 21E2; pix jol 

tak'in 21E2. 

help koltay IOC; koltayvan IOC; koltayvanej 

IOC; nintay IOC. 

help one receives: koltayabU lOB; koltayel 

lOB. 

object of one's help: koltayben lOB. 

hem ti'k'u'ul 31A. 

hemorrhaging uterine hemorrhaging: la xa ch'ich' yaxaub 

18C, 33. 

hen 'antzil tuluk' 6B2; tuluk' 6B2. 

laying hen: tonin tuluk' 6B2. 

henequen henequen fiber: chi 5B, 31A. 

henequen fiber (counting): j-lik chi 5B. 12A, 

31A. 

her by or for hen 'u'un 18C. 

herbman j'ojtakin-'abnal 34; j'ojtakin-pox 34. 

herd 

herdsman 

here 

hermaphrodite 

hernia 

heroic 

hers 

hew 

hey 

hiccup 

hidden 

hide (1) 

hide (2) 

hiding 

high 

highwayman 

hiU 

hilltop 

him 

hinder 

hindpart 

hip 

his 

historian 

historic 

history 

j-tzob 6A2. 12A, 25; j-tek 6A2. 12A, 25; 

j-tos 6A2,12A, 25. 

herd by herd: tasaltasal 6A2, 12A, 25; 

tekeltekel 6A2,12A, 25. 

jlo'bajesej 25A, 

*'eno4; 'ito4;li' 4, 

It is here: Ii' 'oye 4; Ii' nakal U' 4; Ii* to 4; 

U' toe 4. 

to here: Ii* k'alal Ii' 4,12. 

'antzU xinch'ok 18C; 'atil 'antz 18C; 

xinch'okil 'antz 18C. 

(one testicle): xulub tonil [horn stone] 14B, 

33. 

worm used to cure hernia: xulub chon 33,34, 

'ep labanel 16E; toj labanat 16E, 

heroic feat labajel 16E; labanel 16E; tup'olajel 

16E; tup'olanel 16E, 

'u'un 18C, 

'an 9D. 28. 

(stone): 'an ton IB, 9D, 28. 

(wood): 'an te' 9D, lOA, 28. 

(adverb to awaken or incite): *kuy 13A; 

•kuyik 13A. 

xuk'ayvan TE; xuk'ayvan ch'ut 7E; 

xuk'ayvanel 7E; xuk'xonel TE; xiUc'xonet 

TE; xuk'xonet ch'ul TE. 

mukbil 9C; muktal 9C. 

muk9C. 

hide in one's house: mak-nai ba 9C, 16N, 

28C. 

hide oneself: muk ba 9C, 16N. 

niUculal 6F. 

hiding place: mukebal 9C, 16N. 

nat natil 12. 

jmakvanej [obstructor] 14, 21A; jpojvanej 

[snatoher] 14, 21A; jp'asvanej [obstructor] 14. 21A. 

vitz IB. 

brow of a hUl: jobellUc IB; toyol tenlej IB. 

ba vitz IB. 

by or for him: 'u'un 18C. 

hinder by digressing from the subject: p'as 

ta be k'op [hinder the words on their patii] 

14J. 16K. 

chakil TA. 

kubU TA. 

'u'un 18C. 

jmel-vokol [Uner-up of difficulties] 2, 11, 

14; jvokolinom 2,11, 

vokolil 2. 

historic deeds: vokolU pasnej 2, 11. 

tell historical accounts: vokolij 2,11. 

'Uc'ti'U [difficulty] 2, 11, 14; vokol [difficulty] 2, 11, 14; vokoUl 2,11. 
NUMBER 31 40T 

hit 

hoarse 

hoarseness 

hobble 

hoe 

hoeing 

hoer 

hold 

hole 

(written): tz'ibaybU 'ik'ti' 2,11,11 A. 

ancient history: poko' 'ik'ti' 2, 11; poko' 

vokol 2,11, 

annual history: ju-jun 'abil vokol 2. 11; ta 

ju-jim 'abU vokol 2,11. 

contemporary history: nax to 'Uc'ti' 2, 11; 

nax to vokol 2,11. 

cturent history: Ha' to vokol 2,11. 

daUy history: ju-jun k'ak'al vokol 2,11. 

history in writing: Hun 'Uc'ti' 2, 11, 11 A; 

Hun vokol 2,11, 11 A, 

history or legend (written): tz'ibaybU vokol 

2, 11, UA, 

recent history: 'ach' to 'Uc'ti' 2, U; 'ach' lo 

vokol 2,11, 

relate person's history: 'al 2, U; vokoUn 2. 

U. 

relate personal histories (especially the old 

people): kuy 2. U. 

hit Ughtiy: k'ojUan 9D; maxU-baj [monkey 

hit] 9D, 14A1; maxU-maj [morUcey hit] 

9D. 14A1. 

hit or wound lightiy: tij 9D, 33. 

be hoarse: makal nuk' 33. 

become hoarse: mak nuk' 33. 

make person hoarse: mak nuk' 33; makbey 

nuk' 33. 

makel nuk'U 33. 

chukbey k'ob 9C, 25. 

(for horses, ete.): lotz'ob te' 9C, 25B; te'el 

9C, 25B. 

boj 'osU 26; bojob lum 26B; jotz'ob lum 

26B; jok'ob lum 26B; tukesbey 26; tuki 

lum 26; tukiab lum 26B; 

valk'unabil lum 26B, 

bojel 'osil 26, 

jboj-lum 26A. 

japi lOB, 

(alcalde's staff, flyswatter): *chox lOB. 20, 

hold a candle: jap lOB, 

hold a handful: jopopan lOB. 12, 

hold a sword: japi lOB, 21E2. 

hold dangling: lUc lOB; lUcoj lOB. 

hold in tiie fist yom TEl, lOB. 

hold in the hand: 'Uc TEl, lOB. 

hold upright a handful in one's fist (beans, 

corn, untied object): mich' 5B, lOB. 

object held: *choxoj lOB. 

ch'en 3; ch'ojobU 3; Hotob 3; Hotol 3. 

deep hole: chak 3. 

dig a hole: pas ch'en 9E; vok' ch'en 9E. 

hole gnawed by a mouse: k'uxben ch'o 6A1, 

make a hole: ch'oj ch'en 3. 

many holes: ch'ench'entik 3, 

holiday 

holiness 

hollow 

hollowed 

holy 

home 

homosexual 

honest 

honestiy 

honesty 

honey 

honeycomb 

honor 

pivot hole (door): ch'ojbenal 'ok mak na 

28D. 

place with many holes: ch'ench'entik 3. 

put in a hole: lap 3. 

with a hole: ch'ojol 3; Hotol 3, 

with many holes: ch'ojoltUc 3; ch'ojojtik 3; 

HololtUc 3; Hotottik 3. 

naka 'osil [just time] 14E, 35E; naka 'osiltik 

35E, 

'ulzU 35C; ch'uulU 35C, 

chaklej 3; jom ta 'ut 3; jomjom 3; jomjom 

ta 'ut3; naka jom 3, 

peach pit or almond whose nut has shrunken: 

potz'om 3, 5B, 

witii hollow pits or seeds: laal potz'omal 3, 

5; polz'omtUc 3, 5, 

hollowed out (embrasure, loophole): jomjom 

3. 

'utz 35C; ch'uul 35C. 

become holy: 'utzib 35C; ch'uulib 35C. 

holy father: ch'uul lot 35A. 

holy orders: sacerdoteU 15A1, 35C. 

holy person: 'utz'utz vinUc 16A, 35A. 

make holy: ch'uulibtas 35C. 

take holy orders: 'och ta padre 15Al, 35C; 

'och ta sacerdote 15A1. 35C; pas ba ta 

padre 15Al, 35C. 

vinkilel 19 A. 

feel al home: nop 'osU 'a'i [feel world fit] 

14E, 19A. 

feel right al home: toj nopel 'osU 'a'i 19A. 

active homosexual: jkob-xinch'ok 18C; *jxapxinch'ok 18C. 

have homosexual relations with anotiier 

woman: patan ba chi'uk 'antz 18C; 

patiebin 'antz 18C. 

having homosexual relations with another 

woman: patan 18C. 

passive homosexual: jkobel-xinch'ok 18C. 

k'exlal ti' [shame moutii] 14B5, 16D. 

honest person: belel vinUc 16D; k'exlal ti' 

vinUc 16D; jmayayetel-vinik 16D; tojol 

vinUc 16D. 

live honestiy: tojol-xanav 16D. 

mayayetel 16D; lojoUl 16D. 

pamal nichim 5,6E, 23A2; pom 5,6E, 23A2. 

make honey (bees): paman 5, 6G. 

chabil pom 5. 6E. 23A2. 

ch'uun [believe] 14C. 16C; ch'uunvan 16C; 

k'exavel [shame] 14C, 16C; k'exvan 

16C; xi' [fear] 14C. 16C; xi'el 16C; 

xi'van 16C; ta 'olonton [in one's heart] 

14B6, 16C; ta ti' 16C; toy [raise] 14C. 

16C; loyes 16C. 
408 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

honorable 

honored 

hood 

hoof 

hook 

hoop 

hope 

horrifying 

horse 

horseback 

horsehair 

horseshoe 

horseshoer 

host 

hostage 

honor that one has: ch'uunvanej 16C. 

be honorable: tojol 'oy 16A, 

'ep ch'uunat 16C; ch'uunbil 16C; k'exbU 

16C; xi'bU 16C. 

be honored: 'ep xi'ey 16C; 'utzib 16C; 

tzatzub 16C; muib [become fragrant] 

14C, 16C; nichimaj [flower] 14C. 16C; 

nichimaj 'osU 'a'i [feel world flowering] 

14E. 16C. 

feel honored: toyel 'a'i 16C. 

feel honored (as when we say we feel 

honored to be visited): ch'uunel 'a'i 16C. 

19A. 

pasteboard hood of infamy: nit-bail 21C. 

put on one's hood: *ak' pano 9B, 15A4. 31; 

tzatzajesbey jol 9B. 31; pas pano 9B, 

15A4, 31. 

put on pasteboard hcxxl of infamy: 'ak' pix 

jol Hun 16M. 31; 'ak'bey pix jol Hun 

16M.31. 

woman's hood: toca 15A4.18C. 31C. 

(as of a horse): sepsep 'ok 6F, 

hoof parer: tak'injolz'obil voy caballo 15A9. 

25B. 

lukbay 26; lukuchtay 26, 

meat hook: lukbayabil bek'et 22C, 

metal hook: lukuch lak'in 26B. 

wooden hook: lukuch te' 26B, 

metal hoop for playing: xotxot tak'in 32B, 

tzoyleb 17; tzoylej [tethering] 14C. 17; 

jok'lej [hanging] 14C. 17; malayej 17; 

malay vanej 17, 

be horrifying: xi'benal ba 16J. 16R. 

be horrifying (person, animal): xi'benaj ba 

16J, 16R. 

cabaUo 6A2.15A9; chij 6A2. 

angry horse (tiiat bares its teeth): k'ak'al 

caballo [hot horse] 6A2. 14G. 15A9, 

horse's forelock: j-yom tzotzil 6F. 

small horse: bik'tal caballo 6A2, 12.15A9. 

stiong horse: yijil cabaUo 6A2, 15A9, 

know how to ride horseback: na' chij 9A1. 

mount on horseback: muy ta pat chij 9A1. 

ride horseback: ta pat caballo xanav 9A1, 

15A9. 

tzotzilal caballo 6F, 15A9. 

xonob chij 25B. 

j'ak' xonob chij 25A. 

sacramento 15Al, 35B. 

banquet host jba'yitajel la ve'el 19A, 23A. 

host who gives lodgings: j'ix-keUnajel 19A, 

23A. 

lok'ob k'op [word of example] 14J, 2IE. 

give hostages: 'ak' jlok'ob k'op IOC, 21E; 

hostel 

hot 

hot-tempered 

hound 

hour 

house 

household 

how? 

however 

howl 

howling 

huckster 

human 

humble 

humiliate 

lok'ob-k'optay IOC, 21E. 

giving of hostages: lok'ob-k'optayel IOC, 

2 IE. 

•ix-keUnajebal 9A1, 19A, 28C2; vayebal 

9A1,19 A. 

k'ixin 8A. 

become hot k'ixnaj 8A. 

burn red hot (metal on the forge): chakluptay 8A, 29. 

very hot •ip k'ak'al 8A. 

hot-tempered person: k'ak'al vinik [hot 

person] 14G, 16H. 

tz'i^ 6A2. 

tij 2, 

na 28C, 

build a house: naiv 28,28C. 

dry house: taki-na 8B, 28C. 

house framework: te'el 28D. 

house supplies: Ha' te tuun ta nae 22C. 

old house: k'a'-na 2, 12. 28C; k'a'al na 2, 

12,28C. 

person who lives in another's house: jch'amna 19A. 

small house: bUc'tal na 12,28C. 

small poles for house construction: xul 12, 

28, 28D, 

use as a house: nain 28C. 

live in tiie same household with: lak'-nain 

ba 18, 19A; jlak'-na ba 18,19A. 

member of tiie same household: jlak'-na 18, 

19A. 

k'usi cha'leybU 36, 

-ey 36, 

(dog): 'ok' 6G, 8C1. 

howl lUce a crying dog: 'a'onet 8C1, 

howl lUce a dog: 'avalet 8C1; 'i'onet 8C1. 

'a'onetel 8C1; 'i'onetel 8C1. 

jcha'-chonojel 27 A; jlo'loyvanej 27 A; jtasolman 27A; jtasol-manvanej 27A; jtasvanej 

ta p'oUnal 2TA. 

vinUc 6. 

'olantas 16M; 'ules [drain or melt] 14,16M; 

bik'tajes 16M; tup' [extinguish] 14,16M, 

humble oneself: 'itz'intas ba ta lum [make 

oneself a younger brotiier or a junior on 

the earth] 14, 14C, 14E, 16F; bik'it 

cha'ley ba 16F; bik'taj [grow small] 14F2, 

16F; bik'tajes ba 16F; tup' 16F; yal 16F; 

yales ba [lower oneself] 14,16F. 

humble person: jbUc'tajesej-bail 16F; jyalesejbaU 16F; jtup'-bail [person who extinguishes himself] 14,16F. 

'ak' ta k'exlal 16M; 'ak' ta namal 16M; 

k'exaves 16M; k'exlaltas 16M; namajes 
NUMBER 31 409 

humiliated 

humiliating 

humiliation 

humility 

hump 

hunchback 

hunchbacked 

hundred 

hung 

hunger 

hungry 

hunt 

hunter 

hunting 

hurl 

hurried 

hurry 

16M. 

humiliate oneself: tup'es ba 16M. 

moment when or place where one humiUates 

self: bUc'lajebal 16M; tup*ebal 16M. 

k'exlaltasbU 16M; namajesbil 16M, 

be humiUated: k'exav 16M; namaj 16M; 

namnon 16M. 

humiliating act k'exlal pasnej 16M; namal 

pasnej 16M. 

k'exavel 16M; k'exlal 16M; namajel 16M; 

namal 16M. 

bUc'it 'a'i bail 16F; bUc'it cha'ley bail 16F; 

bik'tajesej baU 16F. 

p'usU 3. 

p'us 33. 

ta p'uslej pat 33. 

become hunchbacked: lok' pat 33; p'usin 33. 

Ho'-vinUc 12,12A. 

two hundred: lajun-vinUc 12,12A. 

jibanbil 9B; jibbU 9B; likanbU 9B; lUcil 9B. 

be hung: jibey 9B. 

place where object or person is hung: lUcanab 

9B, 18E. 21C; UkanabU 9B. 18E, 21C. 

vi'najel 23A; vi'nal 23A. 

gnawing hunger: sitz'il 23A, 

be hungry: cham ta vi'nal [die of hunger] 

14, 23A; vi'naj 23A; vi'nal 'a'i 23A, 

le 24; leav 24, 

hunt birds witii birdUme: tzoy mut 24. 

hunt quetzals witii birdUme: tzoy k'uk' 24, 

hunt witii a deadfaU: petz'aj 24; petz'ay 24. 

jleom 24. 

deadfall hunter: petz'avil 24; jpetz' 24. 

deer hunter: jtzamesej-chij 24. 

hunter of birds with birdlime: tzoyom 24. 

hunter who uses snares: xokom 24. 

hunter with bow and arrows: yalom 24. 

leoj 24. 

hunting witii a deadfall: petz' 24. 

hunting with snares: xokob 24, 

ten 9B; yokin 9B. 

(long objects, darts, staves, arrows): yal 9B, 

21E2. 

hurl off a cliff: ch'ay ta ch'en 'u'un IB, 9A1. 

hurl oneself off a cliff: yalp'un ba IB. 9A1. 

18E. 21E; yokin ba IB, 9A1, 18E, 21E. 

hurl person off a cliff: yalp'un ta ch'en IB. 

9A1, 18E. 21E; yokin la ch'en IB. 9A1, 

18E, 21E. 

sabajesbil 2C; sabaltasbU 2C. 

'anilaj 2C; sabaj 2C; sabajel 2C; sabajes 2C; 

sabal 2C; sabaltas 2C; sabantas 2C. 

do in a hurry: sabal-pas 2C. 

hurry a person: sabaltas 2C. 

hurt 

husbsmd 

husk 

hut 

hymnal 

hypocrisy 

hypocrite 

hypocritical 

hyssop 

I 

ice 

icicle 

identification 

idiot 

idle 

idleness 

idol 

idolator 

idolatry 

if 

ignored 

iguana 

iU 

in a hurry: j-t'abel 2C; sob 2C. 

person who hurries others: jsabal-vinik 2C; 

jsabaltasvanej 2C. 

person who is made to hurry: sababil vinUc 

2C. 

kolo' pasbey 33; k'uxubtas 33. 

hurt witii a spur: jul 33. 

malalU 18C. 18F; xinch'okU 18C, 18F; 

val-te' 18C. 18F. 

girlhood husband: tzebal malal 18C. 18F. 

take a husband: val-te'in lOB, 18C, 18D. 

take a husband (before celebrating the 

wedding): val-te'ij 18C. 18D, 

cho'benal 5, 23A3; solbenal 5, 23A3. 

(beans, broad beans): sol lOD, 23A3. 

(broad beans): cho' lOD. 23A3, 

lecho-pat 28C, 

Hun k'eyoj 11A.32A.35C, 

pak'tayej ba 16N; pak'tayel ba 16N, 

be a hypocrite: pas ba ta 'utz vinUc [pretend 

to be a good person] 14.16N, 

be hypocritical: cha'ley ba ta 'utz vinUc [act 

lUce a good person] 14. 16N; pak'tay ba 

ta 'utz vinik 16N; pak'tayej ba ta 'utz 

vinUc 16N, 

viiz'esab Ho' 35B; vitz'esabU Ho' 35B. 

Ho'on 36. 

'ob IC. 8A; 'ov IC. 8A. 

pati)il Ho' 'u'un taiv IC. 8A; taiv IC. 8A. 

form icicles: pas ba Ho' ta taiv IC. 8A, 

mark of identification: vinajesabU TC. U. 

joch'bU te' [carved wood] 14, 16L, 33. 

nakalnakal 160; nakanaka 160, 

idle person: jnaka 'altik naklej 160; jnakanaklej 160. 

naka 'altik naklej 160; naka naklej 160. 

(of stone): vinUc ton 35F. 

(of wood): vinUc te' 35F. 

stone idol (that was made witii a chisel): 

k'ojbil ton 35F, 

worship idols: ch'uun vinUc ton 35F, 

jch'uun vinik ton 35F; jk'opon vinUc ton 35F. 

ch'uunel vinUc ton [beUef in stone people] 

14, 35F; k'oponel vinik ton 35F. 

'a ma ti IT; Ha'uk te IT, 

be ignored: mu tabat 16L. 

(that tiiey eaQ: 'inatab 6C, 23A2, 

be fataUy Ul: batz'i ch'ay 18E, 33; batz'i laj 

18E. 33, 

become gravely Ul: toj 'ip 'a'i 33; yakub 33. 

become less ill: mak 33. 
410 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

iUicit 

illness 

iUusfrious 

image 

imagine 

imagined 

imitate 

immediately 

immortal 

immorlaUty 

impatience 

impatient 

imperious 

importance 

important 

importunate 

feel ill: k'unk'un 'osU 'a'i [feel gradual time] 

14E. 33; mo ch'i 'a'i 33. 

be iUicit mo Hu' 16R 

dangerous Ulness: xi'ebal chamel [frightening iUness] 14. 33. 

feign Ulness: 'ip to ba la jchamel 16N; 

pak'tay ba ta chamel 16N. 33; p'is ba ta 

chamel 16N. 33. 

person who feigns iUness: Ha' te pak'tay ba 

ta chamel 16N. 33. 

'ip 'ik' [witii lots of breatii, air or wind] 

14B5, 16C, 

become Ulustrious: japjonet 'Uc' 16C; japluj 

'Uc' 16C, 

joch'bU lok'ob-bail 3, U, 30; k'eluyabU 3, 

11, 30; lok'ob 3, U, 30; lok'ob-bail 3, 

11,30; P'isobU 3.11.30. 

image maker: jk'oj lok'ob bail 11. 30A. 

'ak' ta 'olonton [put in one's heart] 11,14B6; 

tzai U; na'-tzai U; nop U; nop ta 

'olonton [think in one's heart] U. 14B6. 

tzaibU U; tz'ibaybU U; nopbil U. 

chanbey 16N, 

(writing, work): lok'tay UA, 16N. 

imitate or mimic one's gait chanbey 'ok TE. 

9A1.16N. 

imitate or mimic one's speech: chanbey ti' 

13 A. 16N. 

lU:el 2C; toj likel 2C; toj likeluk 2C. 

kuxul batel 'osil [alive as lime goes] 14E. 

35C; mo no 'ox bak'in cham 35C; mo 

no 'ox cham bak'in 35C; mu cham batel 

'osil [not die as time goes] 14E, 35C. 

batel 'osU mo 'oyiUc chamel 35C. 

lek'-ti'il [Up-Ucking] 14B5,16K. 

'ip k'ak'al [very hot] 14G, 16K; 'ip lek'-ti'U 

16K; 'ip te'te'U [very cruel or wooden] 

16K. 

be impatient mo jtz'ikomiUc 16K. 

imperious person: 'ep takiej 16Q; j'epal-k'op 

16Q. 

assume air of importance: miUc'ub 16N. 16Q. 

'ip muk'ul [very big] 14F1. 

(official): 'ip 'Uc'al [with lots of breatii, air 

or wind] 14B5,16E, 20. 

be important (person of authority): namal ba 

[be distant] 14.16E. 20. 

mo na' k'in [not know the day or time] 14. 

16K, 16Q. 

be importuante: mo malayej 'a'i 16K, 16Q. 

be importunate: bak' 'olal [have one's heart 

move] 14B6, 16K. 16Q; mo 'oyuk 'olonton [not have a heart] 14B6, 16K, 16Q; 

mo 'oyuk 'olonton [not have a heart] 

importunity 

impossible 

impostor 

impotent 

impound 

impoundment 

impoverish 

impoverishment 

impregnate 

impregnated 

improve 

improved 

improvement 

imprudence 

mprudent 

mpudence 

impute 

inability 

inadvertently 

incapable 

incense 

inch 

incite 

incited 

14B6. 16K, 16Q; mo malay k'in 16K, 

16Q; toj tavan 'a'iel 16K. 16Q; toj tavan 

'ilel 16K, 16Q. 

importunate person: jyayaubtas vanej 16K, 

16Q; ma'-ba vinik 16K, 16Q; 

jme'antasvanej 16K, 16Q. 

ma'-'olal 16K, 16Q; ma'-ba k'anvanej 16K, 

16Q; ma'-bail 16K. 16Q; ya ch'iel 16K, 

16Q; yaya 16K. 16Q. 

be impossible: mo Hu' IT. 

*kala vinik 16N, 

be impotent mo Hu' 'u'un 16L, 18C. 

'a'i ta k'ubul lOD, 21C. 

impound one's possessions: 'ak' ta k'ubul 

bel na lOD, 21C; k'uban bel na lOD, 

21C; nak'bey bel na lOD, 21C, 

k'ubanel bel nail lOD, 21C; nak'beyel bel 

naU lOD, 21C. 

me'anajes 2 ID. 

me'anajel 21D; me'anal 21D, 

kola'ajes [make wicked] 14, 18A, 18C, 

be impregnated: kola'aj 18A, 18C, 

'utz 'ayan 'u'un 16C, 

improve slightiy (sick person): pak'tzaj juteb 

33, 

yamalyamal 16C. 

be improved (health): laan juteb 33. 

improved (in healtii): yamal pasal 34. 

sUghtly improved (in health): chabal juteb 

33; pasal juteb 34. 

'ik'ti'U 16C; jelaveb ta 'utz 16C; p'Uemal ta 

'utzil 16C; vokol 16C; vokolU 16C. 

(in healtii): chabal 33. 

ma'-ba k'op 16L; ma'-ba pasnej 16L. 

be imprudent mo 'oyuk 'olonton [not have 

a heart] 14B6, 16L. 

imprudent person: ma'-ba vinik 16L. 

tenkex pasnej 16K. 

'albey 13A, 20A; na'-tzaibey 13A, 20A; 

nopbey 13A, 20A. 

ma'-'olal [heartless] 14B6,16L. 

do inadvertentiy: k'ak'alk'ak'al pas [do 

holly] 14G, 16L; ma'-ba pas 16L; naka 

'altik pas 16L. 

incapable person: bolil vinik 16L. 

castillan pom 8D, 15A1, 35B; incienso 8D, 

15A1. 35B. 

nob la 'ol k'ob 12. 

'ak' pas 16K, 21E; 'ak'bey k'op [give words 

to] 14J. 16K. 21E; bak'es 'osil [move tiie 

worid] 14E. 16K. 21E; tzitz 16K, 21E; 

k'as 16K, 21E. 

'ak'ebU k'op [given words] 14J, 21E; tzitzbU 

21E. 
NUMBER 31 411 

incitement 

inciter 

include 

income 

incompetence 

incompetent 

incomplete 

inconstancy 

inconstant 

mconunence 

incontinent 

inconvenient 

increase 

increased 

indigestible 

indulgence 

industrious 

indusdiousness 

infamy 

infancy 

infant 

infernal 

infidel 

infinite 

inflate 

'ak'beyel k'op 21E; tzitzel 21E. 

jtzitzvanej 21E. 

include person in an activity: 'ak' lek 'ekuk 

lOB; lek 'u'un 'ekuk lOB. 

patan 2T. 

pek'aU 16L. 

mo 'oyuk 'olonton [not have a heart] 14B6, 

16L; mo 'oyuk p'ijU 16L. 

be incompetent mo 'oyuk ch'ulum-ti'U 16L. 

incompetent person: ma'-tuul vinik [useless 

person] 14,16L; pek'a vinUc 16L. 

mo tz'akluk 2. 

'epal 'olontonil [witii many hearts] 14B6, 

16K; 'epal tzaijel 16K; sutelsutel 'olontonil [frequent return of the heart] 14B6. 

16K. 

mo to jaka 'oyuk 'olonton [not yet have a 

heart] 14B6. 16K; yantUcyantik 'olonton 

[different-hearted] 14B6.16K; yantikyantUc tza [changing tiioughts] 14C. 16K. 

be inconstant mo tzolziUc 'olonton [not have 

a stiong heart] 14B6,16K. 

mo lekuk xanbal 16P. 18C; mulal xanbal 

16P. 18C. 

mo to jaka 'Uctayvan 16P. 18C; Ha' ta mo 

yokbUuk xanave 28; Ha' le mo lekuk 

xanav 16P. 18C; Ha' te mo pokbUuk 

xanave 16F. 18C. 

be incontinent mu t'ujumuk xanbal 16P. 

18C. 

mo 'utzuk 16L; mo tojoluk 16L. 

'epaj 12; 'epajes 12; pimij 12; p'U 12; p'iles 

12; p'ol 12; p'oles 12. 

p'ilesbU 12; p'iUl 12; p'olesbU 12. 

be indigestible: mu to yal ch'ut 23A. 

'abolajel 35C; 'aboltayvanej 35C, 

concession of plenary indulgence: ch'ayob 

mul 35C; ch'ayobU mul 35C; jubileo 

15A1.35C, 

jna'vanej 16C; toj 'utz tza 16C, 

industrious person: jtzainom 16C, 

*'akan-'ol ba 16C; tza 16C; tzaijel 16C; 

mak'linej 16C; na'vanej 16C, 

kola'al 'a'yejlal 16P; namajel [distance] 14, 

16R 

tzajal 'unelUcil [red babyhood] 14D1, 18B, 

feUow in infancy: 'ix la 'unetUcil 18B. 

'unen 18B, 

k'atin-bakil 35C. 

mo ch'uunvan vinUc 35F; Ha' te mo ch'uunvanej 35F, 

infinite in numben mo no 'ox jay 12. 

Hupan lA, 9E. 

inform w'ak' 'a'i tojol U; meltzajesbey k'op [make 

or settie words] U. 14J; meltzajesbey 

tojol U. 

informed be informed: laj 'a'i k'oplal [end hearing the 

words] 11, 14J; laj 'a'i tojol U. 

ingenious 'ip tza 16C; p'ij 16C. 

ingenious person: jtzainom 16C; jtzaivanej 

16C. 

ingenuous tojol 16 A. 

ingenuously speak ingenuously: tuk'avU k'opoj [speak 

shooting straight] 14J, 16D. 

inhabit k'ulebin 19A; k'uyey 19A; nain 19A; naiv 

19A; nakey 19A; naklebin 19A. 

inhabitant jnaklej 19A. 

inhale tas 'ik' lA, TE. 

inheritance poko' bel nail lOB, 18E, 2T. 

inhuman be inhuman: mo k'uxubinvan 161; mo 

vinUcuk 161. 

inhumanity lek'-ti'il [Up-Ucking] 14B5, 161. 

injure 'anibtas 33. 

injured *'anibtasbU 33. 

be injured: *'ani 33. 

injury (caused by blow of hands or feet): bajben 

9D. 33. 

ink 'a'iel sibak UA; sibak UA. 

ink paste: xuch' UA; xuch' chenek' le' 

[bean tree resin] UA. 14. 

inkstand tz'ibajeb UA; tz'ibajebal UA. 

inkwell 'av sibak UA; na sibak UA. 

inn 'ix-keUnajebal 19A, 28C2; vayebal 19A. 

28C2; vayebal na 19A. 28C2. 

innards sekubU TAl; sot'ot'il TAl. 

innkeeper 'ix-keUnajeb vinUc 19A. 

innocent mo 'oyuk kola'al 16A; mo 'oyuk mul 16A; 

mo k'usi kola'al 16A. 

be innocent: 'utz 'olonton [have a good 

heart] 14B6.16A. 

innocent person: j'ulzU-'olonton 16A; tzeel 

vinik [unripe person] 14. 16A. 

inscription tz'ib UA; lelralUc UA, 15A2. 

insert latz'an 9E; ta *sapav 'ak' 9E; ta *sapav 'otes 

9E; tik' 9E; vajajtik 'ak' 9E. 

insert in many places: 'ap'ap'tik 'ak' 9E; 

lapaptik 'ak' 9E. 

insert in pile (board, book): latz' 9E, UA. 

insert witii a rammer or long object as a lance 

or stick: xen 9E. 

inserted lapal 9E; lapbil 9E. 

be inserted: lalz'ey 9E. 

inserted in many places: latz'alz'tUc 9E; 

latz'aUatz'al 9E; lapaptik 9E. 

inserted in pile: latz'al 9E; latz'bil 9E. 

insertion lapel 9E. 
412 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

inside 

insignia 

insolent 

insolentiy 

instigator 

instinct 

instrument 

insult 

insulted 

inteUigence 

intend 

intenuon 

intercede 

intermingled 

interpret 

interpretation 

interpreted 

interpreter 

interrogation 

intertwined 

interweave 

interwoven 

intestines 

intimate 

intimidate 

intone 

intoner 

introduction 

intrude 

•utU4. 

vinajebal 11. 

insolent person: jpimil-ba [thick person] 14, 

16K, 16Q; jpimil-baU 16K, 16Q. 

speak or act insolently: pimil-baij 13A, 16K, 

16Q; pimub ba 13A, 16K, 16Q. 

j'ak'-k'op [word-giver] 14J, 21E. 

talel 6. 

pasobU 26B. 

'ut 16H, 16K; 'utel 16H, 16K; 'utvanej 16H, 

16K. 

reciprocal insult pakol 'utel 16H, 16K. 

'utbil 16H, 16K. 

tza 16C; izaU 16C. 

intend to do: 'ak' 'olonton [give or put one's 

heart] 14B6, IT; 'ak' ta 'olonton IT; jak' 

ta 'olonton [ask one's heart] 14B6. 

ch'akel 'olonton [division or judgment of 

one's heart] 14B6, IT. 

k'opoj 'u'un 20A; k'oponvan 20A; Hu' 

k'opojel 'u'un 20A. 

tzobol 8G; tz'ibaltik 8G; kapaUcapal 8G. 

'ak' 'a'i U; 'al tojol 11; ch'ambey k'op 

[receive one's words] U, 14J;jam [open] 

U. 14; jambey U; vinajesbey U. 

interpret favorably: ta 'utzil k'op nop U. 

ch'amel k'op U; sutejesel k'op [word return] 

U. 14J; vinajeb U. 

sutejesbU U. 

jtzul-ti' [he of submerged lips or moutii] U. 

14B5; jch'am-k'op U; jsut-ti' [mouth 

returner] U. 14B5; vayajom k'op [word 

sorcerer] U, 14J. 

jotz'-k'optayvanej [dragging up and speaking against] 11, 14J. 

become intertwined: tz'aley 9C; jaley 9C, 

tz'ales 31A; jal 31A, 

cha'-lamanbU 31 A; cha'-lom 31 A, 

bUcUU TAl. 

be on intimate terms with: jalaltay ba 16D; 

jol 'U [see as precious] 141, 16D. 

sibtas 16Q; xi'es 16Q; tij 16Q. 

lUces k'eyoj 32A; lok'es k'eyoj 32A. 

jlok'esej-k'eyoj 32A. 

t'abeb k'op [original word] 2, UA, 14J. 

introduction of a book: likeb Hun 2, UA. 

introduction of a book or speech: likeb k'op 

[beginning words] 2, UA, 13A, 14J. 

introduction of a speech: kajeb k'op [beginning words] 13 A, 14J. 

lap ba 16K; tabentay k'ob 16K; *lanay k'op 

16K. 

intiude in a game: tabentay tajimol 16K. 

32B; *tanay tajimol 16K. 32B. 

inoiide in a meal: tabentay ve'el 16K. 

intruder intruder at a meal: *jtana-ve'el 16K, 23A4. 

intruder in a game: *jlana-tajimol 16K, 32B. 

invent ba'yi jut ta 'olonton [do first in one's heart] 

11, 14B6; ba'yi lUces U; ba'yi nop ta 

•olonton [think first in one's heart] U, 

14B6; ba'yi vinajes 11; na' ba'yi 11; nop 

ba'yi 11. 

invention ba tza 11; ba tzaijel U; ba vinajel U; ba 

vinajesel U; ba vinajesel U; tzaijel 11; 

na'-tzaijel 11. 

inventor jtzaijel U, 16C. 

inventoried 'ak'bil ta Hun UA. 12; tz'ibaybU ta Hun 

UA, 12; melbil ta Hun UA, 12. 

inventory tz'ibayel 'ayUc'lelU UA, 12. 

inventory of possessions: 'ak'el bel na ta 

Hun UA. 12; melel bel na ta Hun UA. 

12. 

investigate ch'ak 20A; jak' 20A; jak'oj 20A; jak'van 

20A; jotz'-k'optay U, 20A; jololtas 20A; 

muktal-jak' 20A; muktal-sa' 20A. 

investigated jak'beat 20A; jak'beybU 20A; jak'ebU 20A. 

investigation jak' 20A; jak'ojel 20A; jak'vanej 20A; 

jotz'-k'optayvanej 20A; k'oplayvanej 20A; 

muktal sa'vanej 20A. 

subject of investigation: ch'akoj 20A. 

investigator jjak'-k'op 20A; jjak'ojel 20A; jjak'vanej 

20A; jjotz' [dragger] 14. 20A; jmuktaljak'vanej 20A; jmuktal-sa'vanej 20A. 

invite 'ik' 13B. 19A; pa'i 13B, 19A. 

invite to a meal: 'Uc' ta ve'el 13B. 19A, 23A, 

invited pa'ibU 13B, 19A. 

invited to a meal: 'Uc'bU 13B, 19A, 23A. 

involuntarily 'ok'elal IT, 

iron 'ik'al tak'in 29; tak'in 29, 

iron slag: tzo' tak'in 29, 

irrigate (cornfields in the dry season): 'ulbay IC, 26, 

irrigate with water from a draw well: 

'et'esbey 'a'iel IC. 26. 

frrigated 'ulbaybil IC. 26. 

land: 'ulbal 'osil IC. 26; 'ulbaltik IC, 19B, 

26. 

irritation bik'tal 'U 16H; naka 'il 16H. 

island joybil ta nab 'osU IB; joybil ta nab j-tek lum 

IB; joybil ta nab lum IB. 

it Ha' 36. 

by or for it 'u'un 36. 

iteh 'ich [chUi] 14,33; ch'inin 'osU 'a'i [feel itohy 

time] 14E, 33; joch'jon ch'ininul 33; 

koplajet ch'ininul 33; vayajom 33. 

its 'u'un lOB. 

ivory 'e elefante chij [elephant deer tootii] 6F, 
NUMBER 31 413 

14A, 14B5,15A9. 

jaguar bolom 6A1; onza 6A1,15A9. 

jail 'ak' ta chukvanab na 21C; 'ak' ta na te' 

21C; chukvanab 21C, 28C3; mak-nai ta 

na 21C; mak-nai ta na le' 21C; na te' 

21C, 28C3. 

use house as a jail: mak-nai ta na 21C, 28C3. 

jailed chukbil 21C; mak-naibU ta chukvanab na 

21C; nak'bU ta chukvanab na 21C. 

jailed in someone's house: mak-naibU ta na 

21C, 28C3. 

jailer jchabi-chukvanab 21C; jchabi-te' [postwateher or pUlory-wateher] 14,21C. 

jar earthenware jan pokel 22C. 

jasmine jazmin 5B, 15A10; nichim 5B. 

jasper 'Uc'al ton 29. 

jaundice k'anubel chamel 33. 

jaw ko'ovU TA; kolomU TA, 

jealous be jealous: •it'ixaj 16H, 

be jealous of: •it'ixan 16H. 

jealous person: 'it'ix 16H. 

jeer tze'i 16H, 16K, 16Q; tzitzU k'op 16H. 16K, 

16Q; tzitzU lo'U k'op 16H. 16K. 16Q; 

sak-tze'i [laugh at whitely] 14D5, 16H. 

16K. 16Q. 

jest maxmonet [monkey] 13A, 14Al. 32; na'nonet 

13A. 32; tajimol 13A, 32; tuli-'atij [pull 

out one's penis] 13A, 14B9, 32. 

jester jmaxmonel 32; tuU-'atU vinUc 32; jtajimol 

32; HovU vinUc 32, 

jesting tuU-'atU 32. 

jet 'Uc'al ton 29. 

jewel 'ual k'anal tak'in 29; 'ual sakil tak'in 29; 

'utzil ton 29. 

jeweler jpas 'u tak'in 29A. 

job 'abtel 2TD; patan 2TD. 

jog jog along: choychoy-'anilaj 9A1. 

join 'Uc ba 9A1; tz'ak ba 9A1; junajes 9B; 

nupultas 9B. 

join together (two or three objects, people. 

animals): lotoj ba 6.9A1. 

joint 'akan k'ob TA; tz'akav k'ob TA. 

with many joints: 'akantik TA. 

joke done as if it were a joke: *kajaltaybU 32; 

maxiltaybil 32. 

journey a week's journey: Huk-k'in belel 2B, 9A1, 

one day's journey or march: jun k'ak'al 

xanbal 2B. 9A1. 

joust xen ba ta pat caballo ta tajimol 15A6, 32B; 

xen-baU ta pat caballo 15A6. 32B. 

joy 

joyful 

judge 

judged 

judgment 

judicious 

jug 

juggler 

juice 

jump 

jumper 

jurisdiction 

just(1) 

just (2) 

justice 

justifiable 

justiy 

kept 

kettle 

key 

kick 

'utzibel 16B; muibel [increasing fragrance] 

14. 16B. 

toj mu 16B. 

ch'ak U, 20A; jch'akel 20A; jololtas U, 

20A; juez 15A2. 20A; jmeltzajesvanej 

20A; jnam-te' [walking slick person] 14. 

20A. 

ch'akbU U. 20A. 

ch'akel 11, 20A; ch'akvanej U, 20A. 

judgment or resolution that has been made: 

ch'akben U. 20A; ch'akben k'op [divided 

or judged word] U, 14J, 20A. 

'ip tza 16C; tz'ib 'olonton [writing-hearted] 

14B6, 16C; p'ij 'olonton [smart-hearted] 

14B6.16C. 

be judicious: 'utz 'olonton [good-hearted] 

14B6, 16C, 

judicious person: j'a'ivanej 16C; jtzainom 

16C; jna'vanej 16C. 

waterjug: lupob Ho' 22C, 

wine jug: lupobil vino 15A5. 22C. 23B, 

tz'i'U vinUc [doglUce person] 14A2. 32B. 

'a'iel 5. 23A, 

get juice from roots or plants by squeezing 

or pressing them: pitz' 'a'iel 23A3. 34; 

pitz'bey 'a'iel 23A3. 34. 

lut' 9A1; lut'el 9A1; p'ilel 9A1, 

jump in tiie air: lut'lij 9A1, 

jump in tiie riven 'och ta 'uk'um IC, 9A1. 

jump over (guUeys, ravines, wood, logs): 

lut'lon IB, 9A1; lut'lonet IB, 9A1, 

jump up in the air: p'itp'on 9A1; p'itp'onet 

9A1; p'iuij 9A1, 

jump up in the air (as when dancing or when 

boys jump for joy): lut' 9A1. 18B. 32; 

p'it9Al, 18B,32.32A. 

k'uk' toj [quetzal pine] 5A. 14A. 

bet'oj 20; lekoj 20; t'ujoj 20, 

'utz 16A. 16C; toj jmeltzajesvanej 16A. 16C. 

just person: toj jtojobesvanej 16A. 16C, 

lajel to 4,12; Ha' no 'ox 4,12; Ha' to 4,12, 

meltzajel 20, 20A. 

'oy belel 16A, 

'oy be [have a path] 14,16A; tojol 'oy 16A. 

K 

place where something is kept: nak'obU lOB. 

p'inal tak'in 22C; tak'in 22C, 

jamob na 26B, 28D; jamobU na 26B, 28D, 

bet' ta tek'el 9A1; lom ta lek'el 9A1; lom 

tatek'el 9A1; tek' 9A1; tek'van 9A1. 

make kicking sound: *p'asp'onet 8C1. 
414 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

kicked 

kidney 

kiU 

kiUer 

kiUing 

kin 

kind 

kindle 

kindness 

king 

kingdom 

kinkajou 

kinsman 

kiss 

kissing 

kite 

knapsack 

knead 

tek'bU9Al;tik'bU9Al. 

k'in [day] TAl, 14B. 

coat of fat around tiie kidneys: yo' 'oy nap'al 

k'in TAl. 

tzames lOE, 18E, 21A; tzamesvan lOE, 18E, 

21A; cham 'u'un lOE, 18E, 21A. 

kiU by cutting to pieces: ch'uyilan-tzames 

lOE, 18E, 21A; jatulan-tzames lOE, 18E, 

21A; sesen-tzames lOE, 18E, 21A. 

kiU treacherously: muktal-tzames lOE, 16N, 

18E, 21A. 

person who kUls us: 'ajval [lord] lOE, 14, 

18E, 21A. 

jtzamesej lOE, 18E, 21 A; jtzamesvanej lOE. 

18E, 21A, 

secret kilUng: mukulmukul tzamesvanej 16N, 

18E, 21A, 

ritual kin of baptism: chi'il ta 'a'al dios [kin 

of God's water] 14, 15A1, 18F. 35C, 

ritual kin of baptism or confirmation: chi'il 

ta na dios D^in of God's house] 14.15A1. 

18F. 35C; jalal chi'U 18F, 35C, 

ritual kin of confirmation: chi'U ta confirmacion 15A1,18F, 35C, 

j-tek 12A; j-tos 12A. 

'an ID. 

'aboltayvanej 16A. 

'ojov 16E, 20; ba 'ojov [first lord] 14, 16E, 

20; batz'i 'ojov [very lord] 14, 16E. 20; 

muk' 'ojov [big lord] 14F1, 16E, 20; rey 

15A2,16E, 20. 

become king: 'och ta 'ojov 20. 

'ajvalel 19, 20. 

'uyuj 6A1, 

ritual kinsman: ch'uul chi'U 18F, 35A, 

'utz'i ni' [sniff one's nose] 9D, 14B4, 16D, 

18C; 'ulz'ibey ni' 9D, 16D, 18C; 'utz'iel 

ni' 9D. 16D. 18C; nup 9D. 16D. 18C, 

kiss repeatedly (as mother lo her chUd): 

nulilan 9D. 16D. 18B, 

repeated kissing: nulUanel 9D. 16D. 18C. 

xik6Bl;Hovxik6Bl, 

chu'uy 22C, 25B. 

biulan TEl, 9D, 23A3; pak'tani TEl. 9D. 

23A3; pak'tanij TEl. 9D. 23A3; votz'Uan 

TEl. 9D. 23A3, 

(dough, clay for pots): vol TEl, 9D, 23A3; 

volilanTEl,9D,23A3. 

(dough, clay for pots, tiiick objects kneaded 

with tiie whole hand): votz' TEl, 9D, 

23A3. 

knead between the fingers or in hands (smaU 

object, wax): bi 7E1. 

knead small object as wax with the fingers 

kneader 

knee 

kneel 

kneeling 

knife 

knock 

knot (1) 

knot (2) 

knotted 

knotty 

know 

knowingly 

knowledge 

known 

knuckle 

labor 

laborer 

lack 

lacking 

ladder 

ladle 

lady 

or witii just the hands: pich' 7E1. 

jpatan-vaj 7E1,9D, 

'akanU 7A, 

kejan ba 7D, 35C; kejey 7D, 35C, 

make kneel: 'ak' kejluk 7D, 35C. 

*kekub 7D, 35C. 

be kneeUng: kejel 7D, 35C. 

pruning knife: k'abayabil 26B; k'okob 26B; 

k'okobil 26B; xotxot tak'in 26B, 

knock against each other (sticks, stones. 

ete.): tij ba 9D. 

knock one*s head on a rock: t'is-joU ton 9D. 

33. 

tz'ak 9C; j-jis moch 9C; jis-moch 9C; moch 

9C; mochobil 9C. 

fiUed with knots: jis-mochochtik 9C, 

make knots in siring: moch 9C; mochilan 9C. 

tree knot 'uxub 5. 

jis-mochbil 9C. 

article being knotted: mochoj 9C. 

become knotted: tz'akoj ba 9C; mochoj ba 

9C. 

become knotted as when a thread or ribbon 

moves back and forth: mochli 9C. 

knotted in many places: mochilanbiltUc 9C; 

mochochtik 9C. 

object being knotted: jis-mochoj 9C, 

(wood): 'uxubtUc 5. 

'ojtakin U; 'ojtakinvan U; na' U. 

tza 'u'un U; talel ta 'olonton [arrival at one's 

heart] U, 14B6. 

'ojtakinvanej U, 16C; na'el U. 16C; na'vanej 

U. 16C. 

knowledge of person: 'ojtakinel U. 16C. 

na'ot U. 

(to be good or evU): 'Uot U. 

'akan k'ob 7A; tz'akav k'ob 7A. 

a week's labor: Huk-k'in 'abtel 2B. 27D. 

be exempted from labor: kol ta 'abtel 27D. 

exempt from labor: kolesbU ta 'abtel 27D; 

koltaybil 'ok 27D; koltaybil k'ob 27D. 

become a day laborer: 'och ta na 'ajval [enter 

tiie lord's house] 14. 20, 27D; chon ba 

[seU oneself] 14,20, 27D. 

day laborer: j'abtel 27D. 

mo 'oyuk 'u'un 21D. 

be lacking: ch'ay 21D; mo 'oyiUc 21D. 

machul 26B; moch 26B. 

large wooden ladle: UkesabU 22C. 

wooden ladle: juyob 22C. 

'ajvalel pop tz'omol [lord of tiie mat and 
NUMBER 31 415 

lake 

lamb 

lame 

lamp 

lance 

lancet 

land 

language 

lantern 

lap 

lapidary 

larceny 

lard 

lasso 

last 

lasting 

late 

later 

stool] 14,16E, 18C. 20; x'ojov 16E, 18C, 

20; xep 16E, 18C. 20. 

honest lady: xep 16A. 

nab IC. 

ch'iom tux-nok' chij 6A2. 

mek'an 33. 

lame in one hand: kolo' k'ob 33. 

lampara ID. 15A5, 22B, 

lamp socket: 'av japbalal ID, 22B; 'av naul 

ID, 22B. 

xenob tak'in 21E2, 

metal socket of a lance: tak'in chak xenob 

tak'in 21E2, 

julob tak'in 34; julobU 34; julvanab 34, 

lum IB, 

flat land: tenlej IB, 3; tenlej 'osil IB, 3, 

green land: yax-lum IB, 8F1; yaxal lum IB, 

8F1, 

land distiibution (as the Spaniards of this 

land have repartimientos): vinkilel IB, 

19B. 

measure land: p'is lum IB, 12; vok' lum IB, 

12. 

narrow plot of land: bUc'U lum IB, 12, 19B; 

mo muk'uk popol IB. 3,19B; yubul 'osU 

IB, 3, 19B. 

native language (Tzotzil): batz'i k'op [real 

word] 13A, 14. 

person who speaks a language fluentiy: 

jna'-k'op 13A. 

'av candela [candle place] ID, 15A5, 22B; 

na candela [candle house] ID, 15A5,22B. 

ni' 'olontonil [nose or end of the heart] 7A, 

14B4. 14B6. 

j'ojtakinej-ton 29A. 

'elek' 21A. 

k'an-'ixmal 23A2; k'an-'ixmal chitom 23A2; 

manteca 15A9, 23A2. 

covered with lard: naka k'an-'ixmal 23A2. 

'ak' 24. 25B. 

bfrd lasso: 'ak'ol mut 24. 

deer lasso: 'ak'ol chij 24, 25B. 

tz'aklon 2,12; jok'ey 2, 12; k'oxil 2, 12; nat 

bat 2. 12; natij 2. 12; xutul 2. 12; Halej 

2,12. 

at last tz'akal 2; k'oxil 2. 

last long: Ha'al bal 2; Ha'al laj 2. 

put last lajeb 'ayan 'u'un 9B; xutul 'ayan 

'u'un 9B; xutultas 9B. 

the last: lajeb 2,12, 

Ha'al 2; Hal 2, 

sameltikU 2A, 

late at night nax 'ox 'ak'abal 2A, 

tey-lUcel 12, 

latiie 

Latin 

laugh 

laughing 

laughter 

launder 

laundress 

laundry 

laurel 

law 

lawyer 

lay 

lazUy 

laziness 

lazy 

a little later: j-'ok' xa 2. 12A; j-'ok'uk xa 2. 

12; yalul ta 2.12; yaluluk xa 2.12. 

a whUe laten j-'ok' xa 2, 12A; j-'ok'uk xa 

2, 12A. 

joch'obU te' 26B, 30; torno 15A8, 26B, 30. 

shaped on a latiie: joch'bU ta torno 3, 15A8, 

30. 

turn on a latiie: joch' te' la torno 15A8, 30. 

latin 13A, 15A2. 

tze'ej 8C1,16B; tze'in 8C1, 16B. 

laugh at: tze'i 8C1. 16H, 16K, 16Q. 

laugh softiy: ch'ivet 'e ta tze'ej 8C1, 16B; 

k'un-tze'in 8C1, 16B; level 'e ta tze'ej 

8C1,16B. 

stop laughing: ch'ani ta tze'ej 2, 8C1. 

tze'inel 8C1, 16B. 

chuk' 22E; chuk'omaj 22E. 

jchuk'om 22A, 22E. 

laundry bundle: chuk'bol 22E. 

tzis chauk [tiiunderboU fart] 5A, 14B. 

takiej 'ojov 20. 

abolish a law: pajes takiej lOD, 20. 

administer a law: taki 20; takivan 20. 

annul one's law: lajes takiej lOD. 20. 

make a law: meltzanbey xanbal 20. 

natural law: talel 20; talel takiel 20. 

town law: takiej 20; tekel lum takiej 20. 

jk'op [he of words] 14J, 20A; jk'opojel [he 

of words] 14J, 20A; jk'oponvanej [speaker] 14J, 20A. 

(adobes, bricks, stones as the officials do): 

tz'alp 9B, 20, 28. 

(adobes, bricks, stones): tz'aloj 9B, 28. 

lay down: ta'an 9B. 

ch'ajch'aj 160; maxilmaxil [monkey-like] 

14A1,160; mu *'akan-'oltay 160. 

•cheyilal 160; ch'ajU 160; ch'ajUal 160; 

ch'ajubel 160; naka 'altUc naklej [just 

living in vain] 160; va'vonetel [swaying 

or staggering] 14C, 160. 

ch'aj 160; ch'ajU 160; nakalnakal 160; pat 

jol ch'aj 160; yaya 160; yayail 160. 

be lazy: ch'ajUal 'osil 'a'i [feel the laziness 

of time] 14E, 160; ch'ajub 160; naka 

'ech' 'osU 'u'un [just let time pass] 14E, 

160; naka no 'ox xanav [just live or walk] 

14,160; naka pas 160. 

be lazy or sluggish: 'al-poman 'osil 'a'i [feel 

numb time] 14E, 160. 

extremely lazy: ba ch'aj 160. 

lazy or sluggish person: *al-poman vinik 

160. 

lazy person: *cheyil vinUc 160; ch'aj vinik 

160; ch'ajU vinUc 160; jva'vonetel 160; 
416 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

lead (1) 

lead (2) 

leaf 

leafy 

league (1) 

league (2) 

leak 

lean(l) 

lean (2) 

leaned 

leaning 

leap 

learn 

learned 

leash 

leashes 

leatiier 

leave 

yayail vinik 160. 

sakU lak'in 29. 

at the lead (on u-aU): ba'yitajel 2,4. 

lead against one's wUl: chech 9D. 

lead by tiie halten chuk ta ch'ojon 9D. 

'analin 5. 

(beans, squash, melons): jav 'anal 5B. 

(tree leaf and aU other leaves except pine 

needles): 'abnal 5. 

cabbage leaf: 'anal coles 5B, 15A10. 

leafbyleaf:lUdllikil5,12A. 

leek leaf: 'anal tuix 5B. 

lettuce leaf: 'anal lechuga 5B, 15A10. 

tree leaf: 'anal te' 5. 

'ik'-loman yanal 5; pim 'anal 5. 

J-JU9A1,12A. 

'olaneb k'op [ending words] 14J, 20. 

(between alUes): chukob k'op [binding word] 

14J, 20, 21E; laanejeb k'op [peaceful 

words] 14J, 20, 2 IE. 

tz'ujebal 8B; tz'ujel 8B. 

(glass): 'uch' 8B, lOD. 

(glass, roof): tz'uj 8B, lOD. 

leak one has mended: ch'ikben 10A. 

(meat): mo 'oyuk k'an-'ixmal 23A2. 

lean person: jayal vinik 7C; takin vinik [dry 

person] 7C, 14. 

lean against kikey 9B; xik'ey 9B. 

lean against (lay object against wall): xUc'an 

9B. 

lean against (long objects against a wall): 

kikan 9B. 

xik'anbU 9B. 

object that has been leaned against something: kikanej 9B; xik'anej 9B. 

xik'U 4. 

vii [fly] 9A1, 14. 

chan 11. 

learn by heart chan ta 'olonton [learn in 

one's heart] U, 14B6; chan ta ti' [learn 

with one's lips or mouth] U, 14B5, 14C. 

learn the doctrine: chan k'op dios U, 15A1, 

35C. 

learn to make bread: chan pat-vaj U, 23A3, 

learned person: jna'vanej 11. 

'ak'il tz'i' 25B; chukobil tz'i' 25B. 

provided with leashes (loom): jit'anubU 31 A. 

cover with leatiien 'ak'bey nukul 9C. 

covered witii leather: 'ak'ebU nukul 9C; 

'otesbil nukul 9C; *oy nukuUl 9C. 

'iktay 9B, lOD; kom 'u'un 9B, lOD; komes 

9B. lOD; lok' 9A1. lOD; lok'es ba 9A1. 

lOD. 

be forced lo leave behind: tzajal-komes lOD. 

leave object to be sold or bought: komesbey 

lOD. 

leave quickly as from the church or school: 

soblaj lok' 2C. 9A1, U. 28C3,35C; tiklaj 

lok' 2C, 9A1, U. 28C3.35C; *votol-lok' 

2C, 9A1, U, 28C3, 35C; *votolan lok'el 

2C,9A1,11,28C3,35C. 

want to leave: kolo' 'a'i [feel to be evil] 

9A1,14C. 

leaven pajub 23 A3. 

lecture chanantasvan U. 

leech ch'ich' liUcum 6E. 

leek castiUan tuix 5B, 15A10; puerro 5B, 15A10; 

tuix 5B. 

left be left: kom lOD. 

leftovers kechel 23A; kechelil 23A; komenal ve'el 

23A; komenalU 23A; lajemal ve'el 23A. 

leg leg of animal:'o'U 6F. 

leg of ham: 'o' chitom 23A2. 

legacy takiej 18E. 

legal decide a legal case: ch'ak 11,17,20A, 

legal case: choltajesbil k'op [lined-up words] 

14J, 20A; choltajesbU Hun 20A, 

legal titie: koj 20A, 

legate papal legate: 'abat papa 15A1, 35A; k'exol 

sancto padre 15A1, 35A; lok'ob-baU 

sancto padre 15A1, 35A; lok'ol papa 

15A1, 35A. 

legation papal legation: jk'ubul k'op santo padre [he 

entrusted with the word of the holy father] 

14J, 15A1, 35A, 

legend 'Uc'ti'U U; vokol U. 

legible be legible: lak' 'ilel UA. 

legitimate batz'i lekoj 16A; toj lekoj 16A. 

legitimize (man): nich'nan 18C. 

leisure 'utzibel 32; lo'il 32; maxU [monkeyness] 

14A1,32. 

lend 'ak' ta ch'amol IOC, 27; 'ak' ta ch'amunel 

IOC, 27; 'ak' ta ch'om IOC, 27, 

lender j'ak' ta ch'amol IOC, 27, 27A; j'ak' ta 

ch'amunel IOC, 27, 27A. 

lending ch'amol IOC, 27. 

length jUol 12; natil 12, 

added length (rope): natijeb 12. 

be of tiie same length: ko'ol natil 8G, 12, 

make tiie same lengtii: ko'ol natil pas 8G. 12. 

lengthen natijes 12. 

lengtiiy nat 12; natUc 12. 

leniency 'abolajel 16A; 'aboltayvanej 16A. 

Lent cuaresma 15A1. 35E; ch'ob 35E; k'inal 

ch'abajel [fasting fiesta] 14, 35E. 

lentil bik'tal chenek' 5B; castiUan chenek' 5B. 

15A10; castillan pech'pech' 5B, 15A10. 

leper sal vinik 33. 
NUMBER 31 

leprous 

less 

lessen 

let 

letter 

lettuce 

level 

leveled 

lever 

liar 

libel 

liberal 

liberator 

liberty 

library 

lick 

lie (1) 

sal 33; sal tz'i' [leprous dog] 14A2, 33; 

solsoltik 33. 

become leprous: salub 33; solin 33; taot ta 

sal 33. 

'olbaj Hechuk 12; mu ta 12; yalulyalul 12. 

a little less: mu jaka HechiUc 'epal 12. 

be a Uttie less: ch'amal xa mu ta 12; juteb 

xa mu ta 12; mu to jaka ta 12. 

lessen self (by wicked deed): bUc'tajes ba 

[make oneself smaU] 14F2,16M; tup' ba 

[extinguish oneself] 14, 16M; yales ba 

[lower oneself] 14,16M. 

'ak' 17. 

not let: mo 'ipuk 17. 

'ak'balal Hun UA; Hun 11 A. 

(of tiie alphabet): tz'ib UA; letra UA, 15A2. 

lechuga 5B, 15A10. 

lettuce leaf (counting): j-lik 'anal lechuga 

5B. 15A10. 

young lettuce: 'alab lechuga [lettuce chUd] 

5B. 14H. 15A10; bUc'tal lechuga 5B. 

15A10. 

ch'ak nivel 'u'un 3.15A8; meltzajes 3; nivel 

15A8. 28; p'is ta nivel 'oy 3; tenay 3; 

tentzajes 3; tojobtas 3; tojobtas 'a'i ta 

muk'e 3. 

become level: tentzaj 3. 

become level (cleared field): pach'lzaj IB, 

3,26. 

become level (valley): lok'tzaj IB, 3, 

be leveled: 'och nivel 'u'un IB, 3,15A8. 

te' 26B, 

jpak'-k'op 16N; jpak'tayej-k'op 16N; 

jpak'tayvanej 16N. 

pukobil 'a'yejlal Hun UA. 

mo k'usi jol 'u'un 16A. 

liberal person: 'atil vinik [penis person] 

14B9,16A; j'aboltayvanej 16A. 

jlok'vanej 20, 21E. 

kolel 20; kuxel 20; yaxubel [blue-greenness] 

14D2. 20. 

na Hun 28C3. 

butz' 7E. 

(as when tiiey suck a finger or lick a cup): 

lek' 7E. 23A4. 

lick one's lips: lek' ni' 7E; lek' ti' 7E. 

cha'-lom k'op 13A, 16N; cha'-lom k'opojel 

[two time taUc] 13A, 14J, 16N; chibal 

k'op [two words] 13A, 14J, 16N; chibal 

k'opojel [two speech] 13A, 14J, 16N; 

chibal-k'opoj 13A, 16N; lot 13A. 16N; 

lotoj 13A. 16N; pak'-k'op [slap words] 

13A, 14J, 16N; pak'tay 13A, 16N; 

pak'tayej 13A, 16N; pak'tayej k'op 13A, 

lie (2) 

life 

lift 

lifted 

light (1) 

light (2) 

lighten 

lightning 

lUce 

lUcen 

lily 

limb 

limbo 

lime (1) 

lime (2) 

417 

16N; pak'tayvan 13A, 16N. 

big lie: me' pak'-k'op [mother of slapped 

word] 13A, 14H, 14J, 16N; muk' pak'tayej 

k'op [big slapping word] 13A, 14F1,14J, 

16N. 

lie to: pak'taybey k'op 13A, 16N, 

lie down: ta'i 7D, 

lie down (as in bed): metzey 7D, 22B, 

make a person lie down: metzan 7D; ta'an 

7D. 

'ilel 'osil [seeing the world] 14E, 18; xanbal 

[waUc] 14,18. 

bring back to life: kuxan lOA, 18E, 34. 

come back to Ufe: kux 10A. 18E; kuxol 

lOA. 18E; kuxolaj lOA, 18E. 

regulate one's life: meltzajes xanbal 16A; 

tojobtas pasnej 16A. 

toy 9B. 

toybil 9B; toyol 9B. 

object being lifted or raised: toyoj 9B. 

tzan ID; tzan k'ok' ID; ch'am 8F; sakubel 

8F1; tajley yan 8F; til ID. 

(candle, fire): kuxan ID. 

(sky): sak-pulan lA, 8F1; sak-pulantik lA, 

8F1. 

grow Ught: *sapel 'osil 8F. 

light up: jap ID. 

light up person witii a torch or a candle: 

jap-tajley ID; tajley ID. 

mo 'oluk 12; sob 12; sobsob 12. 

toy [lift] 12.14. 

chauk ID; leblajetel ID. 

large lightning bug: *yamal 6E. 

lightning bug: kukay 6E. 

struck by lighming: majat la chauk ID, 33. 

Hech chak 8G; Hechuk chak 8G. 

just lUce: Hech no 'ox 8G. 

lUce tiiat: Ha' Hech 8G; Hech 8G. 

lUce tiiis: Hech 8G; Hech 'ilel 8G; Hechuk 

8G. 

lUce this too: Hech no *ox tok 8G. 

nop 8G. 

pech'e-'ok castUlan nichim 5B, 15A10; 

pech'e-'ok nichim 5B. 

vinkilel 7A. 

limb by Umb: ju-jun vinkUel 7A, 12; 

lekojlekoj ju-jun vinkilel 7A, 12; tasaltasal vinkilel 7A, 12; yantUcyantik vinkilel 

7A, 12. 

chamebal [place of death] 14,18E, 35C. 

lime tiee: te'el limones 5B. 

sweet Ume tree: te'el Umas 5B. 

tan IB. 23A3. 

lime pit chik'ob tan IB; chUc'obU tan IB. 
418 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

limit 

limp 

line 

lineage 

lined 

linen 

lining 

linseed 

lintel 

lion 

lip 

lips 

lisp 

list 

Usten 

listener 

lit 

litany 

litigant 

litigate 

litter 

littie 

set a limU: paj 12.16E. 

kolo' xanav 9A1. 33; mek'aub 9A1. 33. 

cha'-laman 3. 

line up: chol 3. 9B; chol ba 3. 9B; mel 3, 

9B; mel ba 9B; tasay 9B; tasay ba 9B. 

line up people: chol vinik 9B. 

line up people as in a procession: mel vinik 

9B. 20. 35C; meltzan vinUc 9B. 20. 35C; 

pas vinUc 9B, 20. 35C. 

j-tek 18F; tasal 18F; tekel 18F; tos 18F. 

lineage name: tasal biil 18F. 

cha'-lamanbU 9C; cha'-lamanbU lum 9C; 

cha'-lom 9C. 

be lined up: choley 9B. 

lined up: chololcholol 4; melelmelel 4; 

mellej 4; tasaltasal 4. 

castiUan nok' 15A4, 3ID; castillan pok' 

15A4, 31D; lienzo 31D; sakU pok' 8F1. 

31D. 

linen sellen jchon sakil pok' 27A. 

cha'-lamal 9C. 

bek' lino 5B. 15A10; sal Uno [linseed eye 

or face] 5B. 14B2.15A10, 

'ak'ol ti' na 28D; 'ak'ol va'leb mak na 28D. 

mountain lion: tzajal bolom 6A1. 

pak'al ti'il 7A; ti'U 7A. 

lower Up: 'olon ti' 7A, 

move one's lips: puch'ilan ti' 7E; puch'pon 

ti'7E, 

upper Up: 'ak'ol ti' 7A, 

blubber lips: ti' 7C, 

sesentik k'opoj 13A. 33, 

biUtasUA. 12. 

list in writing: tz'ibay bul UA. 12. 

list of names: 'atob biil 1 lA. 12; 'atob vinUc 

UA. 12; tz'ibaybU bi vinUc UA. 12. 

'a'i 8C. 

listen in secret muktal-'a'i 8C1. 16N; 

muktal-'a'ivan 8C1. 

listen to backbiting or gossip: 'a'i lot 8C1. 

16H. 

j'a'i-k'op 8C1; j'a'ivanej 8C1; j'a'yej-k'op 

8C1. 

object being Ut up: japoj ID, 8F. 

'aptayabU kolol sanctoetUc 15A1, 35C; letania 15A1, 35C. 

j'al-k'op ta tz'el jch'akel [word-sayer beside 

the judge or divider] 14J, 20A; j'al-k'op 

ta tz'el juez 15A2, 20A. 

'ak' k'op la tz'el juez 15A2, 20A; Hu' k'op 

'u'un ta tz'elel juez 15A2,20A. 

k'echolajebal 9A1. 

feathered Utter: *kemil 9A1, 35E. 

bUc'it 12; ch'amal 12; lajal 12; machal 12. 

live 

lively 

liver 

living 

lizard 

load 

loan 

loaned 

loathe 

loathesome 

lock 

locust 

lodge 

lodging 

loft 

log 

loin 

long (1) 

long (2) 

long-lasting 

long-lived 

*yax *naan xa mu la: *yax naan xa mu ta 12. 

a littie: juteb 12; jutebuk 'oy 12; *yax *naan 

12; *yax noch 12. 

a little bit juteb 'epaluk 'oy 12. 

a Uttie more: *yax *naan xa 12; *yax noch 

xal2. 

hold in littie value: 'oloml 'a'i U, 12,16H. 

littie person: p'osp'os vinUc 7C, 12. 

'U 'osU 18. 

live a long time: nat bal 2.12. 18E; nat natij 

2. 12, 18E. 

live in: naiv 19A. 

live with another: 'oy chi'il ta k'ulej 19A. 

*kata 16C. 

lively person: bUi-ba vinik 16C; *kata vinik 

16C; *katail vinik 16C. 

sekubU 7A1. 

be living: kuxul xanav 18. 

precept for living: meltzajesabil xanbal 35C; 

takiej U, 35C; tojobtasabU pasnej 35C. 

'okotz 6C. 

*ak* kojob 9B; kajan 9B; kajey 9B. 

return a loan: sutes IOC. 27. 

'ak'ebU ta ch'amol IOC. 27. 

'ilan 16H; koj 'a'i 16H; yaya 'a'i 16H. 

be loathesome: yaya 'ilel 16H, 

makobil 9C, 

house lock: makob na 9C. 28D, 

(that is eaten): k'ulub 6E. 

vayantas 19A. 28C. 

vayal na 19A. 28C2. 

give lodgings to: 'ix-keUnan IOC. 19A. 

provide lodging for: 'ula'an lOB. IOC. 

take lodgings: 'ix-kelmaj lOB. 19A; 'bckelman lOB, 19A; 'och lOB. 19A; vay 

lOB,19A, 

constiiict loft 'ak' tenal te'al 28. 

single large log for the fire: k'echob ID. 

te'el paiU [tree of tiie back] 7A, 14B8. 

nat 3, 12; natil 3, 12. 

lying (long objects): tusul 3,4, 

set down (long objects): tusan 3,9B, 

long for: k'upin 16D; matz'et *osU 'a'i [feel 

the world clenching] 14C, 16D. 

nat 2. 

be long-lasting: mo sobiUc 'olan 2, 18E; mo 

sobuk laj 2,18E. 

be long-Uved: 'ep 'U 'osU [see the world or 

time alot] 2, 14E, 141. 18E; nat 'U 'osU 

[see far in time or in tiie land] 2, 14E, 

141, 18E; nat xanav 2, 18E; nat xanav ta 

balumil [walk far in the world] 2. 14E. 

18E; nat xanbal 2. 18E; nat tal [come for 

a long way] 2.14. 18E. 
NUMBER 31 419 

long-winded 

longing 

look 

lookout 

loom 

loophole 

loose 

loosen 

lop 

lord 

lose 

loss 

lost 

long-lived person: poko' vinUc 2, 18E, 

be long-winded: 'alej 13A; nat bat 13A; natij 

13 A. 

long-winded person: j'epal-k'op 13A. 16L; 

jk'opk'oneiel 13A, 16L. 

na'el 16D. 

•'eno 8F; 'ito 8F. 

look askance: xokon-sati 8F; xokon-sativan 

8F. 

look at: k'el 8F; k'elvan 8F. 

look at whUe frowning or with wrinkled 

brow: tzukan sat k'el 7E. 8F. 

look frequentiy: k'elelet 8F; k'elk'onet 8F. 

look lUce: lok'bey 8F, 8G. 

look lUce (one's fatiier or motiier): lok' 8F. 

8G, 18F. 

look up: k'el ta 'ak'ol 8F. 

look upwards with mouth agape: jam ba la 

k'elvanej 7E. 8F; jol ta k'elanvanej 7E. 

8F; jol ta k'elel 7E. 8F. 

k'elvanab 21E1. 

te'el jolob 31 A. 

'ocheb sakubel 28D; jom 28D; sakubeb 'osil 

[whitening place of tiie sky] 14D5. 14E. 

28D. 

chepel 8E. 9C; mu chukbiluk 8E, 9C; yochol 

8E. 9C; HitU 8E. 9C. 

yoch 8E. 9C. 

lop off: k'abay lOD. 

'ojov 16E. 20. 

be a sovereign lord: mo 'oyuk buy nup [his 

match is nowhere] 14. 20. 

become a lord: 'ajvay 20; ch'ak 20; k'opoj 

[speak] 14J. 20; ta 'ajvalel 16E, 20. 

feUow lord: 'ix ta 'ajvalel 16E, 20; 'ix la 

'ajvetikU 16E, 20. 

lord of slaves: 'ajvetik 16E. 20. 

sovereign: ba 'ojov 16E. 20. 

sovereign lord: junjun no 'ox luk [just one 

alone] 14. 16E, 20. 

take as one's lord or king: 'ojovin lOB. 20. 

ch'ay 'u'un lOD. 

lose bet (or) game: 'aleyat lOD. 17, 32B. 

lose one's way: Hovi 9A1, lOD; Hovi ta be 

9A1, lOD. 

ch'ayel lOD. 

ch'ayal 9A1, lOD. 

be lost ch'ay 9A1, lOD. 

get lost ch'ay 9A1, lOD. 

get lost (on u-ail): k'ej be 9A1, lOD; k'ejey 

tabe9Al. lOD. 

lost person: jch'ayel vinik 9A1, lOD. 

person who has lost his way: jHoviel [mad 

person] 9A1, lOD. 14. 

lot(l) 

lot (2) 

loud 

loudmouth 

louse 

louse-ridden 

lovable 

love 

loved 

lover 

low 

lowborn 

lower 

lowlands 

loyal 

luck 

a lot of: *xol 12. 

quite a lot 'ep'ep 12; ta'alta'al 'oy 12. 

cast lots: k'inij 32B; pas tza [do cleverness] 

14. 32B. 

cast or draw lots: 'il ta lok'obil [see in the 

figures] 141, 32B; lok' ba 32B. 

'ip 8C. 

'ipal jov 13A, 16L; j'ov 13A, 16L. 

'uch' 6E. 

crab louse: 'atil 'uch' 6E; 'atil chon 6E; 

chanul 'atil 6E. 

na 'uch' [louse house] 6E, 7G, 14B. 

jalal 16D; jol 16D. 

lovable person: jalal vinik 16D. 

jalal 'ilel [precious sight] 141, 16D; jalal 

'ilvanej 16D; jol 'il [see as precious] 141, 

16D; jol 'Uel 16D; jol 'Uvanej 16D; 

k'anbey 16D; k'uxul 'olonton [heart pain] 

14B6, 16D. 

faU in love: jol 16D; k'ux 'a'i [feel pain] 

14C, 16D; yakub la jalal 'ilel [gel drunk 

with precious sight] 141, 16D; yal-te'in 

16D. 

fall in love (having a residence tiiat one has 

not yet moved to): val-te'ij 16D. 

fall passionately in love: k'uxub 'olonton 

[have one's heart hurt] 14B6, 16D. 

in love: yakyak 16D. 

make faU in love: yakubes 16D. 

person in love: jyakubel 16D; jk'uxul-

'olonlon 16D. 

jalal 'UbU 16D; jol 'ilbU 16D. 

jjol-'Uvanej 16D, 18C. 

(male or female): * val-te' 18C. 

lover of: jjalal 'il 18C. 

lover of God: jjalal 'U dios 15A1, 35A. 

lover of heaven: jjalal 'U vinajel 35A. 

mu'natil 12. 

(tide): 'ulul IC. 

hold in low esteem: 'olonil *a'i [feel below] 

14C, 16H; bik'it 'a'i [feel to be small] 

14C. 16H; bUc'U ch'amal 'a'i [feel lo be 

small] 14C, 16H. 

hold self in low esteem: bik'it 'a'i ba 16F. 

ch'Uom vinUc [brave person or warrior] 14, 

20; ch'ilomal vinik 20; voymollUcil vinik 

[wild or thicket person] 14. 20. 

yales 12. 

in the lowlands: la 'olon 'osil [in the bottom 

land] IB, 4, 14E. 

loyal person: melel vinUc 16D; tojol vinik 

16D. 

'es 17; balam 17; ch'uleUl 17; Hech ch'ulel 

17. 
420 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

lucky 

lukewarm 

lumbering 

luminous 

lump 

lumpy 

lungs 

lust 

lustful 

lute 

lye 

lying (1) 

lying (2) 

macaw 

mace 

mad 

made 

madman 

madness 

good luck: nuptanel *utz 16C. 

have good luck: nuptan 'utzU lOB, 16C; 

nuptanbey 'utzil lOB, 16C. 

have great luck: 'ep 'esomaj 'u'un lOB, 16C. 

improve one's luck: 'ik'ti'ij lOA. 16C. 

lucky person: j'esel 16C. 

be lucky: 'il ch'ulel [see one's soul] 14B7, 

141, 16C; 'oy ch'ulel 16C; 'utz balam 

16C; 'utz ch'ulel 16C; lok' 16C; lok' 'oy 

16C; nuptan 'utzil 16C; nuptanbey 'utzil 

16C. 

k'ix-mukan 8A; k'un k'ixin 8A. 

become lukewarm or tepid: k'un-k'ixnaj 8A. 

lok'-te' 9A1; lok'esej-te' 9A1. 

'ip xojobil 8F; toj xojob yan 8F. 

petey 3. 

(as on the face of a person affUcted with the 

pox): ch'okU 3, 33. 

(as those on the faces of people afflicted with 

bubonic plague): 'uxub 3. 33. 

covered witii lumps (pox): laal ch'okU 3. 33. 

lump jaw: chamel 3. 33. 

sweU witii large lumps: bujey 3, 33. 

with lumps: petpet 3. 

with many lumps: ch'okiltUc 3. 

bujbuj 3; bujulbujul 3; bujujtUc 3. 

(face): 'uxubtik 3, 33; laal 'uxub 3. 33. 

sot'ol'U7Al. 

bek'tal mul [flesh sin] 14B11. 18C; bek'tal 

mulavej 18C; bek'tal mulU 18C; bek'talmulav 18C; mulal-xanav 18C. 

toj mulavil 18C. 

be lustful: majav 18C. 

castillan vob 15A6, 32A1; ch'ajnul vob 

32A1. 

'anel Ho' [burning water] IB, 14G. 

ta pak'-k'op 13A, 16N. 

(wide objects): ta'al 4. 

lying down: metzel 4. 

lying down as in bed: ta'al 4. 7D. 

lying there: lum ta'al 4. 

M 

mo'och 6B1, 

(of beadle or gateman): pispis tak'in 3 IE; 

volvol lak'in la ba 3 IE. 

be mad: ch'ay 'olonton 33. 

go mad: ch'ay 'olonton 33; Hovi 33. 

make person go mad: Hovintas 33. 

pasbU 30. 

badly made: kolo' pasey 30. 

Hovil vinik 33; jHovil-vinUc 33. 

ch'ayel 'olontonU [loss of heart] 14B6, 33. 

maggot 

magic 

magnaminity 

magnanimous 

magnificence 

magnificent 

magnoUa 

maguey 

maiden 

maidenhood 

mailbag 

majesty 

make 

malaria 

male 

malefactor 

malice 

malicious 

maliciously 

malignant 

mall 

mallow 

man 

manacles 

manager 

mane 

mange 

manger 

horsefly maggot xuvit koch 6E. 

maggot infesting meat, cheese, ete.: xuvit 

6E, 23A2. 

swell from maggots: xuvitan 6E, 9E. 

black magic: 'ak'abal k'op [night words] 

14J, 35F; pukuj k'op [devU words] 14J, 

35F; vayajelal k'op [witehcraft words] 

14J, 35F. 

deed of black magic: vayajelal pasnej 35F. 

muk'ta 'olonton [big heart] 14B6, 14F1. 

16A. 

muk' 'olonton 16A. 

magnanimous p^son: jtzatzal-'olonton [stronghearted person] 14B6, 16A; jmuk'ul-

'olonton 16A. 

muk'tUcil 16C; muk'ul 16C. 

jelel 'utz 16C; toj 'utz 16C; toj muk' 16C. 

very fragrant heart-shaped flower: 'olonton 

nichim [heart flower] 5A, 14B6. 

chi 5B. 

maguey fiben j-jU chi 5B, 31A. 

tzeb 18B. 

reach maidenhood: ta tzebal 18B. 

nakleb Hun 11 A, 22C. 

k'ak'al 'ik' [hot breath, afr or wind] 14B5, 

14G, 20; toj nom 'Uc' [very distant breath, 

air or wind] 14B5, 20. 

pas 30. 

(three or four day fever with chUls): k'ak'al 

sUc [hot cold] 14G, 33. 

xinch'ok 18C. 

jme'anajesvanej 16P; jpas-kolo' 16P. 

kola'al 16P; labal 16P; Hovil 16R 

'ep labal 16P; kolo' 16P; lob 16P; toj lob 

16R 

malicious person: jcha' lom k'op [he of two 

time talk] 14J, 16P; jchibal-k'op [he of 

two words] 14J, 16P. 

la cha'-lom k'op 16P. 

kolo' 16R 

lajeb xanavebal 9A1, 28E; sutej xanavebal 

9A1, 28E; sutej xanbal 9A1, 28E. 

pak' chak 'abnal 5A. 

xinch'ok 18C, 

old man: mool 18C, 18E. 

wrinkled old man: nukultik sat mool 18C, 

18E. 

chukob k'obil 21C; chukobil k'obil 21C. 

jnUcesej-'osU [world shaker] 14E, 16E, 20, 

27; jnikesej-vinajel [sky shaker] 14E, 

16E, 20, 27; jnikesvanej 16E, 20,27. 

bonok'il 6F. 

chin 33; sol 33. 

lo'bajeb chij 28C1; lo'ob chij 28C1. 
NUMBER 31 421 

map 

marble 

March 

mare 

manne 

mark 

mangy balem chin 33; chinchin 33; chinchintUc 33. 

manifest be manifest: vinaj 4. 

manliness xinch'oklel 16E, 18C. 

manner pasel 11. 

many 'ep 12; 'epal 12; pim 12; *xol 12, 

a great many: mo no 'ox jay 'at 12. 

how many: jayib 12. 

how many (objects): jay-tek 12A. 

how many (people): jay-vo^ 12A. 

how many (times): jay-mek 2,12A; jay-yalel 

2,12A. 

how many?: k'u 'epal ta tek 12A, 

many times: •ep ta mek 2, 12A; *'oyo'oyo 

2,12. 

so many: Hech 'epal 12. 

this many: Hech 'epal 12. 

very many: toj pim 12. 

world map: lok'ob-ba kotol 'osU UA. 

bax IB, 29. 

'oxib 'u 2B; 'u marzo 2B, 15A3; marzo 2B, 

15A3. 

referring to March: marzoU 2B, 15A3. 

'antzU cabaUo 6A2, 15A9.18C. 

keeper of breeding mares: j'U 'antzil chij 25; 

jchabi 'antzil chij 25. 

ta nab 'ayan IC; ta nab pas 9A2. 

'etelaj 12; 'etelU 12; pol 12; polol 12; p'is 

12; p'isol 12; vinajeb 12. 

(wood or stone for cutting or sawing): 

•eteltas IB. 9D; joch' lB.9D;jul 1B,9D. 

identification mark: 'ojtakinabU 11. 

mark left by blow of the fist or by a slap: •av 

k'obol 9D. 21C. 33. 

marked 'eteltasbil U. 

market ch'ivit 27. 28E; p'olmajeb 27. 28E; p'oUnajebal 27, 28E. 

see the sights in the market pa'i ch'ivit 8F, 

27, 

marketplace chonojebal 27, 28E; ch'ivitajebal 27, 28E; 

yo' *oy Hu' ch'ivit 27, 28E; yo' 'oy Hu' 

ch'ivitajel 27. 28E, 

marksman satinom 21E1, 24, 

marquess marques 16E. 20, 

marriage nupunel 18D, 

marriage book: Hun nupunel UA, 18D. 

marriage of a woman: malinel 18C, 18D. 

marriage partner: 'ix la *lzaatil 18D. 

marriageable reach marriageable age: ta k'inal nupunel 

18B, 18D. 

married * tzaal 18D. 

be married: tojob 18D. 

married woman, wife: 'ajnilal 18C, 18D. 

marry nupultas 18D. 

(man): 'ajnilaj 18C, 18D; 'ajnilan 18C, 18D; 

martyr 

martyrdom 

martyrology 

marvel 

mask 

mason 

Mass 

massage 

mast 

master 

mastiu-bate 

mal 

match 

matched 

matchmaker 

ni'atzij 18C, 18D. 

(woman):h maUn 18C, 18D. 

marry in the church: nupun 18D, 35C, 

jlzatzal-ch'uunvanej 18E, 35D, 

'ilel vokol 'u'un dios [seeing difficulty 

because of God] 141, 15A1. 18E, 35D; 

tzamesel 'u'un dios cham 15A1, 18E, 

35D; yaijesel 'u'un dios 15A1, 18E, 35D. 

na'obU k'ak'al U, 35D; na'obU k'in U. 

35D. 

chamolajel U; labanel U; tup'olajel U; 

tup'olanel U. 

marvel at: chamolaj U. 

marvel of tiie ceremony: labajel 35C, 35E. 

k'oj te' 31C, 32, 35F. 

(once used during the sacrifices and worn 

by those who once kept the idols): taniab 

31C, 35F. 

jtz'alojel 28A; ch'ubavail 28A; jch'ubajel 

28A; jch'ul-na 28A; jch'ul-tan 28A; 

jt'ab-na 28A. 

(adobe-layer): jtz'al-xamiti 15B. 28A. 

official mason: j'abtel 20. 28A; ch'ubavU 

28A. 

misa 15A1, 35C. 

celebrate Mass: pas misa 15A1. 35C. 

charge fee for the Mass: 'ak' pakobil misa 

15A1, 27. 35C; pas altar 15A1, 27, 35C, 

responder in the Mass: jtak'avel 35A, 

serve as a responder in the Mass: tak'av 

35A, 35C. 

ju'Uanbey 9D. 34; nit 9D. 34. 

(person's painful belly): jaxulanbey 9D. 34; 

ju'Uan 9D, 34. 

natil te' pajal la 'ol jom 9A2. 

'ajval 16E. 20. 

(or mistress) of tiie house: ba jk'ulej 16E, 

19A, 20; ba jk'ulej ta na 16E. 19A, 20. 

become master: 'ajvay 16E, 20. 

master of slaves: 'ojov 16E, 20, 22A. 

take as one's masten 'ajvalej lOB, 20; 

'ajvaUn lOB, 20. 

pik bek'tal 18C; *Hel ba 18C. 

(man): ch'oj te' [chisel one's slick] 14. 18C. 

(woman): ch'op ba 18C; ch'op bek'tal 18C. 

papal 22B; pop 22B. 

interweave mat xoj 22B. 31 A. 

palm mat: xanil pop 22D. 

reed mat popol 'aj 5, 22B. 

junjun pajel 8G; junjun pajel pas 8G; junjun 

pajol 8G; junjun pajol ba pas 8G; meltzaj 

8G. 

be matched: junjun pajol ba 'ayan 8G. 

jnupultasvanej 18D. 
422 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

mate 

matins 

matiimonial 

mafron 

mattress 

mature 

maturity 

me 

meadow 

meal 

mean 

meaning 

meanwhile 

measure 

measured 

measiu-ement 

meal 

mediate 

mediation 

mediator 

medical 

medicine 

(bfrds): tek' ba 6G. 18C. 

(horses, dogs): kuch ba 6G, 18C. 

maitines 15A1.35C; tumuch 'ak'abalch'uivej 

15C. 

nupunebal 18D. 

xep 18C. 

vayebal tux-nok' 22D. 

nearly mature: k'otebal ta 'okel 18B. 

(age of discretion): k'inal 4ulel 'olonton [day 

when the heart returns] 14B6,18B. 

(fuU grown): 'okel 18B. 

reach maturity: k'ot ta 'okel 18B. 

by or for me: 'u'un lOB. 

jobeltik 5; tenlej jobel 5. 

ve'el 8D, 23A. 

base meal: mu'natil ve'el 8D, 23A. 

cold or miserable meal: jech'ol ve'el 8A, 

8D, 23A. 

eat a cold or miserable meal: jech'olaj 8A, 

8D, 23A. 

restrain oneself al meals: tojoltojol ve' 16C, 

23A4. 

'al U. 

what does all this mean?: k'usi chak Ii' U; 

k'usi chake U; k'usi nop 'oy U. 

sutejeb U; tojol U. 

k'alal ta yo' 'oy 2; yo' 'oy 2. 

p'is 12. 

fool (measure): j-tek'lej 12A. 

measure of 1.85 yards: j-jov 12A. 

measure of seed to be planted: j-te'el 12A, 

26. 

true measiu-e: melel p'is 12. 

pasal p'isel 12; p'isbU 12. 

p'isobU 12. 

bek'et 23A2. 

lean meal: batz'i bek'et [real meat] 14B11, 

23A2. 

meat wiUioul bones: batz'i bek'et 23A2. 

weigher of meat jp'is-bek'el 12, 27A. 

meltzan 20A; nop 20A; pas 20A. 

nopel k'op [thinking of words] 14J, 20A; 

pasel k'op [doing words] 14J, 20A. 

j'ak' 'utzU k'op [giver of good words] 14J, 

20A; jk'op [he of words] 14J, 20A; 

jlaanesej-k'op [he of calming words] 14J, 

20A; jnop-k'op 20A; jpas-k'op 20A; 

jsikubtasej-k'op [word cooler] 14G, 14J, 

20A. 

medical aid: poxtayabU 34. 

pox 34; poxtayabil 34. 

administer medicines: poxtaj IOC, 34. 

proven medicine: 'utzil pox 34; k'otel pox 

34. 

medium-sized 

meet 

meeting 

megaphone 

melancholy 

melon 

melt 

memorial 

memory 

mend 

mended 

mender 

mending 

menses 

menstrual 

menstruate 

menstruation 

mention 

merchandise 

merchant 

merciful 

ta'al 12; ta'al 'oy 12. 

tzak 9A1; tzak ba 9A1; nup 9A1; nup ba 

9A1, 

meet unexpectedly: nup 17. 

meet unexpectedly at work or al war: nuptan 

17, 21E. 27D; nupul-bein 17, 21E, 27D. 

tzoblej 20; tzobojel 20; *chanul k'op [abundant words] 14J, 20; ch'akob k'op [division or judgment of words] 14J, 20. 

meeting place: tzoblebal 20; tzoblebal k'op 

20; tzobojebal 20; pasob k'op [wordmaker] 14J, 20. 

'ok'esol 8C. 

me'anajel 16J; me'anal 16J, 

be melancholy: mo muib 'osU 'a'i [not feel 

world becoming fragrant] 14E. 16J. 

melancholy person: ch'anabal vinik 16J. 

castillan ch'um 5B. 15A10; melon 5B. 

melon pateh: castillan ch'umtUc 5B. 15A10, 

26; chabal castillan ch'um 5B, 15A10,26. 

'ul 29; 'ules 29; k'unij 29. 

melt metal: 'ules lak'in 29. 

na'obU k'usitUcuk UA, 18E, 

na'obU U; na'vanab U; na'vanej U, 

lak'u 31A; pak'an 31A, 

(by fastening or sewing): tz'ak 31 A, 

(by fastening or sewing, bones): tz'ak ba 

10A.31A. 34. 

(wound): but' lOA, 34; tzepenub lOA. 34. 

mend a broken bone: tz'ak bakel lOA. 34. 

mend by sticking on: pak'tzaj lOA. 

mend petates. etc.. by inserting straw as if 

weaving: lap 31 A. 

mend with pitch (leather, wine jug): 'ak'bey 

xuch' lOA, 23B; juybey xuch' lOA, 23B; 

xuch'ay lOA. 23B. 

tz'akbil lOA. 

mended object: pak'anej lOA; xojben lOA. 

mended with piteh: xuch'aybil lOA. 

jlak'uvanej 31B; jpak'anvanej 31B. 

tz'akbenal 31 A. 

ch'ich' 7B. 18C. 

have menstrual period: lok' ch'ich'el 'il [see 

one's blood come out] 7E, 14B11, 141, 

18C. 

'ilomaj [see] 7E, 141,18C. 

'ilomajel 7E, 18C; k'un 'isim [soft beard] 

7E, 14B, 18C. 

kuy U; tij ta'alel U. 

•'ichinal 27; p'olmalil 27. 

storekeeper: jchonojel 27A, 

be merciful: 'abolaj 16A; k'uxubin 16A; 

laanej 16 A, 

do merciful acts: 'aboltay 16A; 'aboltayvan 
NUMBER 31 423 

mercUess 

mercy 

merit 

mermaid 

merrily 

merriment 

merry 

merrymaker 

message 

messenger 

messy 

metal 

metate 

meteor 

meteorite 

Mexico 

middle 

middleman 

midnight 

16A; vokoltasvan 16A, 

merciful person: j'aboltayvanej 16A; jk'uxubinvanej 16 A; jvokoltasvanej 16 A, 

order of merciful acts tiiat the Audience 

performs: lok'eb 'aboltayeb Hun 16A, 20, 

'ip k'ak'al [very hot] 14G, 161; 'ip lek'-ti'U 

[much Up-Ucking] 14C, 161; 'ip te'te'U 

161. 

'abolajel 16A; 'aboltayel 16A; 'aboltayvanej 

16A; vokol 16A. 

have mercy: k'uxubinvan IOC, 16A. 

mercy one receives: k'uxubinel lOB, 16A; 

vokoltasel lOB, 16A. 

tojel 16A; tojoUl 16A. 

'anizU vinUc 18C, 35D. 

'utz 16B; mu 16B, 32. 

t'ujumajel 16B, 32. 

be merry: 'utzib 16B, 32; lo'Uaj 16B, 32; 

maxilaj [morUcey] 14Al, 16B, 32; muib 

'osil "a'i [feel world becoming fragrant] 

14E, 16B, 32; nichimaj [flower] 14, 16B, 

32; tajim 16B, 32. 

make merry: bak'es 16B. 32; tajim 16B, 32. 

'atil vinik [penis person] 14B9. 16B, 32; 

'utzil vinik 16B, 32; muU vinUc [fragrant 

person] 14C, 16B, 32; nichil vinUc [flowery person] 14, 16B, 32. 

'abalU k'op U; 'ak'balal Hun UA; 'ok'el 

U; k'op U; HunbU k'op U A. 

give message: 'al 'a'yej IOC, U. 

'abat U; 'abatil U; 'abatok U; jtak-Hun 

UA; HunbU UA. 

send as a messenger: 'abatij 9B, U; 'abatin 

9B, U; 'abatokin 9B, U. 

trusted messenger: jtzul-ti' U, 16D; vayajom 

k'opU, 16D. 

(hafr): tzotz ta tzavlej 7G, 3IE; ch'a'al 7G, 

31E;valzal7G,31E. 

metal filings: josbenal tak'in 29. 

metal sheet: jay-latzan lak'in 29; jayal lak'in 

29; joyjoy lak'in 29. 

roundish piece of metal: volvol tak'in 3, 29. 

(used by women to grind corn): cho' 22C. 

tzo' k'anal [star shit] lA, 14B12; yolob vitz 

[mountain arrow] lA. 14. 

tzo' k'anal [star shit] lA, 14B12; yolob vitz 

[mountain arrow] lA, 14. 

Mexico City: Tzekil 19. 

native of Mexico City: ta TzekU na 19. 

reach the middle: k'alal ta 'o'lol 2. 12; la 

'o'lol 2.12. 

jch'ak tojol 27A; jnop tojol 27A; jpas-k'op 

[he who does words] 14J, 27A. 

'o'lol 'ak'abal 2A; tumuch 'ak'abal 2A, 15C. 

midpoint 

midwife 

mUdew 

mUdewed 

mUdly 

mUe 

mUk 

mUl 

mUler 

mUlion 

mind 

mine (1) 

mine (2) 

mined 

minor 

midpoint in meal: 'o'lol ve'el 2, 23A. 

jtam-'unen 18A, 18C. 34. 

kux 5, lOE; kuxin 5, lOE. 

(on bread): kux vaj 5. lOE, 23A, 

mildew in wine: kux chi' 5, lOE, 23A, 23B. 

'ip kux 5. lOE. 

(cure, rule, punish): k'un 16G, 20, 21C, 34; 

laan 16G. 20, 21C, 34. 

one mile: lajun-vinUc 'ox-bok' ta ta'lej 12A. 

chu'il 23A2; leche 15A9, 23A2. 

milk jar: p'in chu' chij 22C. 

mUk jug: pitz'obU chu' chij 22C. 

milk jug or pail: pitz'eb chu' chij 22C; 

pitz'ob chu' chij 22C. 

milk using the forefinger: pitz' 7E1, 23A3, 

25. 

mUk with the tiiumb: jisulan 7E1, 23A3, 25. 

sheep's miUc: chu' tux-nok' chij 23A2. 

woman's milk: chu' 'antz 7B, 18A. 

juch'neb 23A3; juch'nebal na 28C2; 

juch'nebal ton 23A3, 28D. 

mUl wheel: rodezno 15A10, 23A3, 28D; 

lak'in 23A3, 28D; te'el 28D. 

jjuch'-'ixim 27A; jjuch'nom 27A. 

Ho'-pUc' 12,12A; Huk-vinUc ta pik' 12,12A. 

'a'ivanab [feeler] U, 14C; 'a'ivanej [feeUng] 

U. 14C; 'olontonU [heart] U, 14B6; 

ch'uleUl [soul] U, 14B7; na'vanab U; 

na'vanej U. 

change one's mind: sut 'olonton [have one's 

heart return] U, 14B6. 

make up one's mind: 'ak' ta 'olonton [pul 

in one's heart] U, 14B6; ch'ak 'olonton 

[have one's heart decide] U, 14B6; ch'ak 

ta 'olonton [decide in one's heart] U. 

14B6; ch'akoj 'olonton U. 

of one mind: junjun U. 

store in one's mind (to do or say at a later 

date): na' ta 'olonton [know or remember 

in one's heart] lOB. 14B6. 

'u'un lOB; Ho'on 'u'un lOB; Ho'on lekoj 

lOB. 

joch' 'ilobil 29; joch' 'olon ch'en 29; joch' 

'olon na 29; xojob ch'en 29; xojxoj ch'en 

29. 

gold or silver mine: masob lak'in 29. 

joch'bU 29. 

be mined: joch'ey 29. 

'oy jchabiomal 18B; chabibU to 18B; ta 

ch'iel to 18B. 

be a minor (having a guardian): mu to k'ot 

ta 'okel lOB, 18B; mu to ta tak'in chabi 

ba luk [he who does not yet care for 

himself with money] lOB, 14, 18B; mu 
424 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

mmt 

minute 

mfracle 

mfraculous 

mfre 

mirror 

mischief 

miserable 

misery 

miss 

missal 

missed 

mist 

mistake 

mistiess (1) 

mistress (2) 

mistrust 

mitre 

mix 

mixed 

mixture 

moat 

mock 

to ta tak'in k'ulej tiik lOB. 18B. 

castiUan tuil nichim 5B. 15A10. 

every few minutes: juju batel 2C. 12; lUcel 

kajel 2C, 12; va'alva'al no 'ox 2C, 12. 

chamolajel 35C; labajel 35C; tup'olajel 35C. 

be mfraculous: labanat 35C; tup'olanat 35C. 

'ach'eltUc IB; tz'antzajeb 'ach'el IB; ch'ay 

ta 'ach'el IB; mul ta 'ach'el IB. 

nen 22B, 

large mirror: muk'ta nen 8F, 22B; muk'ul 

nen 8F, 22B. 

small mirror: bUc'tal nen 8F, 22B. 

Hovil 16K. 

mischief maker: jHovil-vinik 16K. 

k'uxob 'olal ba [painful-hearted] 14B6. 16J; 

me'on 16J. 

k'uxob 'olal ba 16J; ma'-'olal 16J; ma'-ba 

'olal [heartiess] 14B6, 16J; ma'-ba vinkilel 16J; ma'-vinkilel 16J; me'anajel 16J; 

me'anal 16J. 

'ip na' [know or remember a lot] U, 14C, 

(arrow): koles yolobU ta k'ob 9E, 21E2, 

(crossbow pellet, arrow): kol 9E, 21E2; toj 

kolel bal 9E, 21E2. 

miss person (on trail): k'ej ta be 9A1, lOD. 

misal 15A1, 35B; Hun misa 15A1, 35B. 

be missed: jol 'U [see as precious] 141. 

balumil tok IC; tok IC. 

Hoviel 11,16L. 

(in speech): sok U, 13A. 16L. 

by mistake: yan 'ich' U. 16L; yan 'ik' U. 

16L. 

make a mistake in conversation, speech, or 

the doctrine: sok 'u'un U, 13A, 16L. 35C. 

mistress of slaves: x'ojov 16E, 18C, 20.22A. 

mistress of tiie house: ba jk'ulej 16E, 18C, 

20. 22A; ba jk'ulej ta na 16E, 18C, 20, 

22A. 

'ajmul 18C; 'ix ta majel 18C. 

sa' 'olonton [search one's heart] 14B6. 

tzatzajel jol obispo 15A1, 31C, 35B; mitra 

15A1,31C,35B. 

kap 9B; kapij 9B; kapin 9B. 

mix around: kapin ta juyel 9B; kapulan ta 

juyel 9B. 

'och kap 9B; 'oy kap 9B; kapal 9B; kapinbU 

9B. 

mixed in many places: kapaptUc 9B. 

mixture of a variety of colors: kap bon 8F1; 

kap tz'ib 8F1. 

chuk'ob IC. 28D1. 

tze'i 16H, 16K, 16Q, 32; lo'Uaj 16H. 16K, 

16Q, 32; maxilaj [monkey] 14A1, 16H, 

16K, 16Q, 32; muib 'osil 'a'i [feel world 

becoming fragrant] 14E, 16H. 16K, 16Q, 

32; na'ley 16H, 16K, 16Q. 32; na'leyvan 

16H, 16K. 16Q, 32; sak-tze'i 16H, 16K, 

16Q, 32; tajim 16H, 16K, 16Q. 32. 

mocked 'aptaybil [shouted at] 14. 16H, 16K. 16Q. 

32; tze'ibil 16H. 16K, 16Q. 32. 

mocker jtze'ej 16H. 16K. 16Q. 32; jtze'ivanej 16H. 

16K, 16Q, 32; *jmi 16H. 16K. 16Q, 32; 

jna'al 16H, 16K, 16Q, 32. 

mockery tze'ej 32; tze'ivanej 32; na'al 32; na'leyvanej 

32; tajimol [game] 14, 32. 

model lok'obil 30; lok'tayabU 30. 

moderate (water or other cold material): laanejes IC, 

8A. 

be moderate: tza pas 16C; k'op 'olonton luk 

pas [do only the word of one's heart] 

14B6, 14J, 16C. 

moderation laanil 16C. 

modest 'utzil 16F; tojol 16F. 

modest person: 'ulzU vinik 16F; machach 

vinUc 16F; tojol vinUc 16F. 

modesty 'utzil 16F; laanil 16F; machachU 16F; tojol 

k'op [straight words] 14J, 16F. 

behave witii modesty and prudence: pas ba 

16C. 16F; tojob 16C. 16F. 

molar cho'obU 7A1; mochil 7A1. 

molasses 'a'iel vale'23A1. 

mold mold for bell or casting of otiier metal object: 

•av 3, 29. 32A. 

mold for tiles, bricks, ete.: patobU xamit 3, 

15B, 28B. 

mole tzo' *'uk [bedbug shit] 14B12, 3q3. 

molest 'ak' ta ya 161.16P; yaijes 161, 16P. 

molest greatiy: bet' la tek'el [trample on] 14, 

161. 16P; lom ta tek'el [trample on] 14, 

161,16R 

molested greatiy molested: bet'bil ta tek'el 16J; lombU 

ta lek'el 16J. 

molester j'ak'vanej ta ya 161, 16P; jyaijesvanej 161, 

16R 

moment j-'ok' 2, 12A; j-t'abelt'abel 2. 

in a moment: t'ab chi 2. 

monastery monasterio 15A1. 28C3, 35B; na padre 

15A1, 28C3. 35B. 

money manob 27C; manojeb 27C; tak'in 27C. 

counterfeU money: k'axtok tak'in 27C; 

pak'tayej tak'in 21 A. 27C. 

forge money: pak'tay ta tak'in 21A. 27C; 

p'is ta tomin 15A3, 21A, 27C. 

pilferer of money: jtas-tak'in 21 A. 27C. 

money-maker jpas-tak'in 27C; jpas-tomin 15A3, 27C; 

jten-lomin 15A3, 27C. 

monk padre 15A1, 3 5A. 

monkey max 6A1; *xch'iv 6A1. 
NUMBER 31 425 

monochord 

monster 

month 

moon 

morals 

more 

mornmg 

mortal 

mortaUty 

mortar 

mosquito 

moss 

motet 

motii 

motiier 

mother-in-law 

motive 

motto 

howler monkey: batz' 6A1. 

long-tailed monkey: max 6A1. 

ch'ajnul vob 32A1; monocordio 15A6.32A1; 

tenal vob 32A1. 

labal vinik 33. 

•u 2B. 12. 

•ulA. 

be fuU (moon): kol ta 'ok'el [be freed of 

crying] lA. 12. 14E; noj lA. 12; yijub 

lA. 12. 

half moon: jovjov 'u 1 A. 12A; po'ot 'u 1 A, 

12. 

have new moon appear: nach' 'u [have moon 

peer out] 1 A, 12, 14E. 

new moon: 'ach' 'u lA, 12. 

waning of moon: bik'tajel 'u 1 A, 12; bUc'tal 

'u lA, 12; komojel *u lA; komol 'u lA. 

looseness of manners and morals: mo tojoluk 

xanbal [not a straight or honest life or 

waUc] 14, 16P; mo tojoluk xanbaluk 16P. 

'olbaj Hechuk 12; p'UU 12; xa 12. 

a littie more: ch'amal xa 12; juteb xa 12; 

jutebuk 'oy xa 12. 

a littie more or less: toj juteb 'a'i 12. 

more or less: 'olbaj Hechuk 'ep 12; juteb 12; 

juteb xa k'an 12. 

the more: Ha'uk xa te 12; Ha'uk le 12. 

•jich'ajel 2A. 

jchamel 18E. 

be mortal: cham 'u'un 18E. 

mortal creature: jlajel 18E. 

chamel 18E. 

(archaic term now replaced by chamel): 

pukuj 18E. 

tz'alobU 28; kap 28; kap 'a'al tan 28; tan 28; 

tenobU 28. 

good mortar: para asentar...28. 

have good mortar: 'utz 'ach'el 28. 

xenen 6E. 

mosquito net: mak 'us 6E, 22D; mak xenen 

6E, 22D; nail pok' 6E, 22D. 

Spanish moss: tzon te' [U-ee beard] 5A, 14B. 

k'eyoj 32A. 

doleful motet me'anajel k'eyoj 16J, 32A; 

me'anajel k'op 16J, 32A. 

clothes moth: chanul pok' 6E, lOE; k'uxpok' 6E. lOE. 

me'U 18C, 18F. 

man's mother-in-law: ni' 18C. 18F. 

ba k'op [first word] 14J. 17; likeb k'op 

[beginning of words] 14J. 17; t'abeb k'op 

[original words] 14J, 17. 

give tiie motive fon 'ibeltas IOC, 17. 

lok'om U. 

mount (mating animals, dogs, horses): lut'Uj muyel 

6G, 18C; la lotz'el kuch ba 6G, 18C. 

mountain vitz IB. 

mountain chain: vitz IB, 

mountain dweller: ba-vitzil vinik IB, 19. 

mountain pass: pajal vitz IB; tojol vitz IB; 

vitz IB. 

moimtain ridge: ba-vitzil 'osil IB; ba-vitzU 

lum IB, 

mountainous fruit native to mountainous region: ba-vilzU 

lo'bol IB, 

region: ba-vilzU 'osil IB; ba-vitzil lum IB, 

tree native to moimtainous region: ba-vitzil 

te' IB, 5, 

mountain top ba vitz IB, 

approach over mountain lop: ba vitz talel 

1B,9A1. 

ascend mountain top: ba-betzaj IB, 9A1; 

ba-vitzaj IB. 9A1. 

departiure over mountain lop: ba vitz batel 

1B.9A1. 

moment before completing ascent of mountain top: ba-betzajebal IB, 9A1. 

on the mountain top: ta jol ba vitz IB; ta jol 

vitz [on the mountain head] IB. 14B1. 

mourning dress in mourning: 'ik'ub 'u'un chame-vinik 

[become black because of a dead person] 

14D4. 18E. 31; chabaj ta 'ik'al pok' 18E, 

31; lap'Uc'al pok' 18E. 31, 

mourning clothes: 'ik'al pok' 18E, 31C; 

chabajeb k'u'ul 18E, 31C; chabajebal 

k'u'ul 18E, 31C; chabal k'u'ul 18E. 31C. 

remove mourning clothes: 'iktay 'Uc'al pok' 

lOD. 18E. 31; lok' ta 'Uc'al pok' lOD, 

18E. 31. 

field mouse: nap ch'o 6A1, 

big-lipped mouth: ti' 7A. 

j-'um 12A, 23A. 

take a mouthful: 'um ch'ay lOB. 12A. 23A. 

*'oyo lUclUc 9A1; kajel lUc 9A1. 

be movable: lik 9A1; nik 9A1; tak' lUcesel 

9A1; tak'nikesel 9A1. 

kom 'u'un 9A1; lik 9A1; lUces 9B. 

make a deal move: na' *'akan-'oltay 9A1, 

27. 

move about: tUc'lon 9A1. 

move from one's house: 'Uctay 19A; 'Uctay 

na 19A. 

move object 'Uctay 'u'un 9B; komel 'u'un 

9B. 

moved object being moved aside: p'evoj 9B. 

moving moving frequentiy: *'oyo lUclUc 2C, 9A1; 

kajel lik 2C,9A1. 

much *ep 12; •epal 12. 

mouse 

mouth 

mouthful 

movable 

move 
426 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

mucous 

mucous-covered 

mud 

muddied 

muddiness 

muddy 

mudhole 

mulberry 

mule 

muleteer 

multicolored 

multiplier 

multiply 

multitude 

murder 

murderer 

murky 

mushroom 

music 

musician 

mussy 

must 

mustard 

as much again: Hech 'epal 12; Hech xa 'epal 

12. 

however much: k'usi 'epal 12. 

so much: Hech 'epal 12. 

this much: Hech 'epal 12. 

sim 7B; simil 7B. 

tom-sim 7B, 7G; tomol sim 7B, 7G. 

'ach'el IB. 

balbil la 'ach'el IB. 

be muddied: 'atin 'ach'el IB; baley ta 'ach'el 

IB. 

tatal IB; tatubel IB. 

'atintas la 'ach'el IB; bal ta 'ach'el IB; 

tatubes IB; tot IB. 

be muddy: bal ta 'ach'el IB. 

become muddy: tatub IB. 

'ach'eltUc IB. 

castillan makum 5B. 15A10; makum sayaHun 5B; sat saya-Hun 5B. 

mulberry tree: saya-Hun 5B; te'el makum 

5B. 

chij 6A2; mula 6A2, 15A9. 

mule keeper: jchabi-chij 25A. 

jchabi 'ikatzinom caballo 9A1. 15A9. 25A; 

jchabi xanvil caballo 9A1. 15A9. 25A; 

jchabi xanvU chij 9A1, 25A. 

kapal bon 8F1; kapal naul 8F1. 

jp'olesej-k'op [word-multiplier] 12, 14J; 

jp'olesvanej 12. 18 A, 18C. 

'epaj 12; 'epajes 12; pimij 12; pimijes 12; 

p'ol 12; p'oles 12. 

'epal 12. 

man who murders his child: jtzamesej 

nich'on 18B, 18E, 21A. 

jtzamesej 18E, 21 A; jtzamesvanej 18E, 21A. 

tieacherous murderer: jmuktal-tzamesvanej 

16N, 18E, 21A. 

grow murky (as when wine, etc. is rolled 

down several slopes): 'ik'ub 8F1, 23B; 

tatub lUcel8Fl,23B. 

yuy 5A. 

poisonous mushroom: yuy chauk 5A. 

yellow mushroom: mana 'ok 5A. 

line sheet music: pol Hun UA, 32A; polbey 

te'el Hun UA, 32A; p'is Hun UA, 32A. 

sheet music: k'oplal k'eyoj 11 A, 32A. 

jna'-k'eyoj 32A. 

musician trained in harmony: jk'eyom 32A. 

mussy or disheveled hair: ch'etel tzotzil jol 

3,7C,31E. 

mu to ta pas chi' 23B. 

mostaza 5B. 15A10. 

mustard sauce: juch'bil mostaza 15A10, 

23A1. 

mute 

muteness 

mutter 

muttering 

my 

nail 

naked 

name 

'uma' 33. 

be mute: mu k'opoj 33. 

become mute: 'uma'ib 33; 'uma'ij 33; taot 

ta 'uma' 33. 

make mute: 'uma'ijes 33. 

'uma'ijel 33; 'uma'U 33. 

'a'onet 13A; k'un-k'opoj 13A; vovet 13A. 

ch'ijetel 13A; k'ojlajetel 13A; k'uletel 13A. 

'u'un lOB. 

N 

baj 28; clavo 15A8, 26B, 28B. 

*chak-ban 7C, 31. 

'ak'bey bi 18F; biU 18F; biiltas 18F; kuy 

18F; tij ta 'alel 18F. 

call by name: bullas-'ik' 18F. 

family name: jol biil [head name] 14B1. 

18F; joli mal biUlSF. 

nape nuk'U 7A; te' nuk' [the wood of one's neck] 

7A, 14. 

narrator narrator who reports what he has seen or 

heard: jmel-k'op [he who lines up words] 

U. 14J; jmeltzanej-k'op [word-settier] 

U. 14J. 

narrow lotz'lotz' 3; yub 3; yubes 3, 12; yubtas 3; 

yubyub 3, 

(beam, board, container): bUc'it 3, 22C. 

(board, table): yubul 3, 22B. 

(plot of land between cliffs): lotz'ol IB, 3. 

(region with many ravines): lotz'ol IB. 3. 

(room): lotz'ol 3. 

(unable to contain something): chukul 3, 9E. 

(valley): lotz'ol IB, 3. 

go or slip through narrow place as an fron 

raUing: kak ba 'och 3, 9A1. 

grow narrow: bUc'taj 3. 

put hand or finger in narrow place like mouth 

or nose: ch'op 3, 7E. 

slip through narrow place as between iron 

gates: kuchoj 'och 3, 9A1. 

narrowed yubesbil 3; yubtasbU 3. 

narrowed article: yuboj 3. 

narrowness yubel 3. 

nation j-tek 19; los 19. 

natural natural quality: pasel 8G. 

nature talel 8G; talel 'osil [coming of the world] 

IB, 14E. 

navel mixik'il 7A. 

navigable be navigable: tak' 'ech'el ta jom 9A2; lak' 

p'asojel 9A2. 

navigation 'ech'el ta jom 9A2; p'asojel ta jom 9A2; 

xanbal ta jom 9A2; xanel nab 9A2. 

near noch 12; nochnoch 12; nochol 12; nopol 12; 
NUMBER 31 427 

tijU 12; Ha' tz'el 12. 

bring near: nochojes 12; tijtzajes 12, 

come near: noptzaj 9A1,12; nopoj 9A1,12, 

nearly juteb 12; juteb xa 12, 

necessary be necessary: *ep tuun 'u'un k'usilUc 27B; 

batz'i tuun [be very useful] 14, 27B; toj 

'oy tu 27B; toj 'oy tuul 27B; toj tuun 

27B; tuun 27B. 

necessary object: Ha' te tuune 27B; Ha' te 

tuuneye 27B, 

neck nuk'U 7A; te' nuk' 7A. 

fleshy back of the neck: pal chikinil 7A, 

necklace •ual 3 IE. 

wear a necklace: 'uan 3IE. 

need 'oy tu 'u'un 27B; 'oy tuul 'u'un 27B; 

k'anbey 27B; tuun 27B; tuun 'u'un 27B. 

needed be needed: 'oy tu 27B; tuul 27B; tuun 27B. 

needle aguja 15A4. 31 A. 

large needle (that they sew with): tz'islajeb 

tak'in 31A. 

thread a needle: lap no ta aguja 15A4, 31 A. 

negatively react negatively towards: kola'al-nop 16H; 

kola'al-nop 16H. 

neglect ch'ajleytay lOE; mukul-'oltay lOE. 

negligence *cheyUal 160; ch'ajUal 160; mukul 'olontonil [buried heart] 14B6.160; yayaU 160. 

negligent 'ok'elal 160; ch'aj 160; ch'ajU 160; yayail 

160. 

negligent person: ch'ajU vinik 160; jmukul-

'olonton 160; jmukul-'olontonil 160. 

negligentiy ch'ajch'aj 16L; maxUmaxil 16L. 

do negUgentiy: *kajal-pas 160; *kajaUcajal 

pas 160; *kajaltay 160; k'axtok pas 

160; k'axtoki 160; maxil-pas [monkey 

do] 14Al. 160; maxilmaxil pas 160; 

maxiltay 160; yayail-pas 160. 

negotiate k'oplajes [talk noisily] 14J. 20A; k'oplaltay 

20A; Hu' 'u'un 20A. 

negotiation end of negotiation: lajeb k'op [end of words] 

14J. 20A. 

interfere so as to obstruct a negotiation: 

xoj-k'optay [interweave words] 14J. 20A. 

Negro Negro from Guinea: j'Uc'al 19. 

neigh 'i'onet 8C1; 'i'onet 'ok' 8C1; 'i'onet ta 

'ok'el 6G. 8C1; 'i'onetel 8C1. 

neighbor junjun no 'ox chi'uk 19A; jlak'-na 19A; 

nap'al 19A; nochol 19A. 

be a neighbor of: lak'-nain ba 19A; jlak'-na 

ba 19A. 

neighboring nochol 19A; nopol 19A. 

(town): nap'al 19A. 

neither -uk 12; mo 'ekuk 12; mo no 'ox...tok 12; 

mu...tok 12. 

neither here nor there: mo no 'ox buy 

nephew 

nerve 

nervous 

nest 

net 

never 

new 

newlywed 

news 

next 

nibbled 

niece 

niggardly 

night 

nightingale 

nightiy 

nimble 

nimble-handed 

nimble-tongued 

j-jechuk 4. 12A; mo no 'ox buy junuk 4. 

12; mo no 'ox buyuk 4. 12. 

neither one nor tiie other (people): mo no'ox 

buch'uy junuk 12. 

neither one nor tiie otiier (things): mo no 'ox 

j-tekuk 4,12A. 

man's nephew: 'ichok'U 18C. 18F. 

woman's nephew (sister's son): 'aljun 18C, 

18F. 

ch'uxuv 7A1. 

have nerves tauten: mutz ba 7E, 16J. 

ch'uxuvtUc 16J. 

pas pech'ech' 6G. 

make a nest 'ean tzo'op 6G; naiv 6G. 

rabbit nest na t'ul 6A1. 

bird net: leb 24. 

hunting net leb UkU chij 24; lebal 'ak' 24. 

large net 'ak' 22C. 

net for carrying corn: nuti' 22C. 26. 

(in the future): mo no 'ox bak'in 2; mo no 

'oxeuk bak'in 2. 

(in the past): mo 'oyuk bak'ni 2; mo no 'ox 

bak'ni 2; mok bak'ni 2. 

'ach' 12. 

'ach' j'ich'el 18D; 'ach' ni'atz 18D; 'ach' 

ni'atzU 18D. 

'a'yej U; 'ach' k'op [new words] U. 14J. 

bad news: kola'al 'a'yej U; kolo' 'a'yej U. 

report news to: tam ta chUdn [pick up for 

one's ears] U, 14B3; va'an ta 'a'yej U. 

tell news: 'a'yej U. 

next to: tijel 4; Ha' tz'el 4. 

jech'eltik 23A4. 

man's niece: 'ichok'U 18C, 18F. 

woman's niece (sister's daughter): 'aljun 

18C, 18F. 

t'ut'U 160. 

niggardly person: t'ut'U vinik 160; yavajil 

vinUc 160. 

'ak'abal 2A. 

expose to tiie night air: 'ak' 'a'i 'ik'al 

'ak'abal lA. 

first quarter of the night 'ochel 'ak'abal 2A, 

12. 

night before last: chabjey ta 'ak'abal 2A. 

sit up a whole night: k'el 'ak'abal [wateh the 

night] 2A, 7F, 141. 

'utzil j'ok'el mut [beautiful singing bird] 

6B1,14A; ruisenor 6B1,15A9. 

ta ju-jun 'ak'abal 2A. 

nimble person: baxbolal vinik 16C. 

sobtiksobtik k'ob [quick-handed] 7E1,14B10, 

16C. 

sobtUcsobtUc 'ok' [quick-tongued] 13A, 14B5. 
428 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

nine 

ninth 

nipple 

nit 

nididden 

no 

nobUity 

noble 

nobleman 

node 

noise 

noisUy 

noon 

nor 

nose 

nosegay 

not 

note 

16C. 

baluneb 12. 

nine hundred: Ho'-vinUc 'ox-vinUc 12.12A. 

balun-tekel 12A; baluneb 12. 

jol chu' [head of the breast] 7A. 14B1. 

tzo' 'uch'U 6E; tzo' uch' [louse shit] 6E. 

14B12, 

na tzo' 'uch' [louse shit house] 6E, 7G. 

14B12. 

be niu-idden: toj 'ip tzo' 'uch' 6E, 7G. 

ma 316; mane huk 36; mo 36; mo'oj 36; mu 

36. 

in no way: toj mo 17. 

no one: mo 'oyuk buch'uy 12; mo 'oyuk 

much'uy 12; moL buch'uy vinUc 12; mo 

much'uy 12; mok much'uy 12. 

under no cfrcumstances: toj mo 17. 

'atil [penis] 14B9,16E, 20; 'ajvalel 16E, 20; 

'ajvetikU 16E, 20; 'utzil 16E, 20; tekpanU 

15B, 16E, 20. 

rise to nobUity: 'ajvetUcij 16E, 20. 

'atil vinik 16E, 20; ba vinik 16E, 20, 

noble person: 'utzU vinUc 16A, 20, 

'ajvetiJc 16E, 20; 'ajvetikil vinUc 16E, 20. 

sugarcane node: 'akan vale' 5B. 

with many nodes: 'akantUc 3, 5, 

make noise walking: lomlajet 8C1, 

noise of people passing by: lomlajetel 8C1, 

9A1, 

pass by noisily (people): linlajet 8C1, 9A1; 

linlonet 8C1,9A1, 

'o'lol k'ak'al 2A; k'uxul k'ak'al [painful sun 

or heat] 2A, 14G; tumuch k'ak'al 2A, 

15C. 

-uk36. 

ni'U 7A, 

bad odor of one's nose: tu ni' 7A, 8D; tuU 

ni' TA, 8D. 

blow or clean one's nose: simtay ni' TG. 

cut off one's nose: jotz' ni' 21C. 

flat nose: pech'e-ni' TC, 

hawk-nosed: *ju'el ni' TC; *ju'ju' ni' TC; 

*ju'ju'-'ni' TC; matz'el ni' TC. 

with one's nose cut off: jotz'bU ni' 33; 

ma'-ni' 33. 

(odorous object that is sniffed): 'utz'obU 8D. 

mo 36; moyuk 36; mu 36. 

not eithen mo no 'ox...tok 12; mu...tok 12. 

not yet: mo to 2, 

'a'i vinajeb 8F, 

take note of: 'ak' ta 'olonton [put in one's 

heart] 8F, 14B6. 

take note of another person's actions: komes 

ta 'olonton [deposit in one's heart] 8F, 

14B6. 

notiiing mo 'oyuk k'usi 12; mo k'usi 12. 

notify 'ak'•a'i U; taki U. 

nougat pamal sakU 23Al. 

novel vokoUl UA. 

novelty 'ach' k'op [new word] 12,14J. 

novena baluneb k'ak'al 35C. 

novice *ach' j'abtel 35A; 'ach' padre 15A1, 35A. 

now tana 2; tana to 2. 

even now: Ha' to U' 2; Ha' to Ii' tanae 2. 

not long from now: mo nomuk 2. 

nowhere mok buy 4. 

nuisance jbik'tajesvanej-^olontonU [heart diminisher] 

14B6, 16K, 16L; jyayaubesvanej 16K; 

jme^anajesvanej 16K; jnakvanej 16K. 

numb grow numb: cham [die] 8E, 14C. 33; 

sUc-potztay 8E, 33. 

numbness sUc-potztayel 8E, 33. 

nurse 'ak'bey chu' TE, 18B. 23A4; chu'un TE. 

18B. 23A4; chu'untas TE, 18B, 23A4. 

o 

o'clock tij 2. 

oak chUcin 'ib 5A; tulan 5A. 

evergreen oak: tulan 5A. 

large-leaved oak: boch *ji tulan 5 A; boch jay 

tulan 5A. 

oak forest: chikin 'ibtik 5A; tulantik 5A. 

small-leaved oak: tzo' tulan 5A, 

oar jubob jom 9A2; jubobil jom 9A2, 

oatii juramento 13A. 15A2; Hap ti'U 13A. 

make person swear an oatii: 'ak' pas 

juramento 13 A. 15 A2, 

make person swear an oath as creditor does 

to debtor who refuses to pay: naka no 'ox 

'ich' juramentu 13A. 15A2. 2T, 

take an oatii: 'ich'bey juramento lOB. 13A, 

obedient be obedient: 'a'i k'op [hear words] 14J. 16F; 

'a'ivan 16F; 'ak'van ta vinik [give oneself 

to a person] 14.16F. 

obedient person: j'ak'vanej ta vinik 16F; 

jch'uunvanej 16F. 

obey 'ak' ta vinUc 16F; ch'uun 16F; ch'uunvan 

16F, 

obeyed 'ak'bil ta vinUc 16F. 

obligate obligate self to or for anotiier: lok' IOC; 

lok'tay IOC. 

obligation 'ak'el ba IT. 

obligatory tzajal [red] 14D1. IT. 

obsequies 'aboltayel chame-vinik 18E; 'aboltayel 

ch'ulelil 18E. 

perform obsequies: 'aboltaybey ch'ulel 18E. 

observation observation point: pa'iab 8F. 
NUMBER 31 

obstinacy tzatzal 'olonton [hard-heartedness] 14B6, 

16K. 

obstinate become obstinate: tonib [become stony] 14, 

16K. 

obstruct mo 'ipuk lOE. 

obstiiicted (no longer desired): xoj-k'optaybiluk lOE. 

be obsfructed: 'oy patan lOE, 

be obstincted in some matter: laj txa lOE; 

paj tza lOE. 

obtain 'okelan lOB. 

obvious be obvious: toj vinaj 8F. 

occupation 'abtel 2TD. 

occupied 'oy bel 9E; lekbil lOB. 

be occupied: noj 9E, 

object occupied: lekoj lOB, 

occupied place: bet'oj lOB, 

occupy lek lOB, 

occupy anotiier's property in a dispute: 

lekbey 19B. 20A. 

ocean nab IC. 

deep ocean: natU nab IC; natil Ho' IC. 

ochre red ochre: *xuko IB, 3IE. 

octave eight day fiesta: ch'akeb vaxakib k'ak'al 2B, 

35E; ch'akel vaxakib k'ak'al 2B, 35E; 

vaxakib k'ak'al 2B, 35E. 

October 'u octubre 2B, 15A3; ocUibre 2B, 15A3. 

odor (good or bad): tuil 8D. 

offend mulaltas 16K; pan ta miU [cook with sin] 14, 

16K, 

offended mulaltasbil 16J; panbU ta mul 16J, 

offender mo tojoluk jpasvanej 16P; jmulaltasvanej 

16P; jpas-k'op [word-maker] 14J, 16P, 

offense offense that one causes: mulaltasvanej 16P; 

panvanej ta mul 16P. 

offense that one receives: mulaltasel lOB, 

16J; panel ta mul lOB, 16J. 

offer 'al IOC; k'eelaj IOC; k'eelan IOC; k'op 

IOC; ti' IOC. 

offering k'eelU IOC. 

give an offering: k'elaj IOC; k'elan IOC. 

office 'abtel 20; patan 20. 

be entrusted to an office: 'albil patan lOB, 

20. 

be in office: 'oy patan 20. 

change office (one entering, one leaving): 

k'ex ba 20. 

deprive of office: ch'anantas lOD, 20; jel 

lOD, 20; lok'es lOD. 20, 

entrust office to: 'ak'bey patan IOC, 20; 

'albey patan [speak about office to] IOC, 

14J, 20. 

enbiist one's office to another: va'an k'exol 

[stand up one's substitute] IOC, 14,20. 

entinsted with an office: 'ak'beybU patan 

429 

official 

often 

oh! 

oil 

ointment 

old 

olive 

omen 

on 

once 

one 

one-armed 

one-eyed 

one-eyedness 

one-handed 

onion 

open 

opened 

opening 

opine 

opinion 

lOB, 20; 'albil patan lOB, 20. 

pubUc office: 'ol 'abtel 20; 'ol patan 20. 

select for office: t'uj 20. 

select person for office: va'an 20. 

j'abtel 16E. 20; jpatan 16E. 20. 

official who carries a staff of office: jnam-te' 

16E. 20. 

town official: jpatan ta j-tek lum 16E. 20. 

'ep ta mek 2C. 

'0 13A. 

aceite 15A10.23A1. 

pox 34. 

colored ointment: nabnel 8F1. 34; nobo 8F1, 

34. 

'ech'om 12; k'o' 12; poko' 12; vo'ney 12. 

be old: 'ep 'il 'osil [see a lot of time] 12, 

14E, 141. 

grow old (clotiies): k'a' 12, 31. 

grow old (man): malub 18C. 18E. 

grow old (woman): me'elub 18C, 18E. 

old age: malelal 18E. 

old age (of a man): malubel 18C. 18E. 

old age (of a woman): me'elal 18C, 18E. 

old person: poko' vinik 18E; yijU vinik 18E. 

aceituna 5B, 15A10. 

olive tree: te'el aceite 5B. 15A10. 

k'in IT. 

'ak'ol 4; ta ba 4. 

bak'ni 2. 12; vo'ney 2. 12. 

jun 12. 

one and a half montiis: 'o'lol chib 'u 2B, 12. 

one and a half pounds: 'o'lol chib p'is 12. 

the one: Ha' 36. 

ma'-k'ob 33. 

one-armed person: jchamel k'ob 33. 

tz'e'-sat 33; tz'e'tz'e' sat 33; tz'e'el sat 33; 

lukluk 33. 

become one-eyed: lukib 33. 

lukibel 33; luklukil 33. 

ma'-k'ob 33. 

string of onions: tz'isbU tuix 5B. 

jam9D. 

article being opened: jamoj 9D. 

opened article: jamben 9D. 

jamalul 3. 

tz'ak-pati U. 

tza ll;k'op U. 

follow tiie opinion of: 'ich'bey tza 11. 

have a high opinion of oneself: jalal 'a'i ba 

16C. 16Q; jalan ba 16C. 16Q; tuun 'a'i 

ba 16C. 16Q. 

have high opinion of: toj tuun 'a'i 16D. 

hold low opinion of: lajal machal 'a'i 16H; 

mo tuul 'a'i 16H; mo tuuluk 'a'i 16H; 
430 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

mo tuun 'a'i 16H. 

opponent nakbal 20A, 32B; nakmal 20A, 32B. 

opportune ta'al 'oy IT. 

be opportune: tuun 'oy IT. 

opportunity 'a'yej IT; k'inal tuunel IT. 

provide the opportunity: kajes IOC, 16A; 

lUces IOC, 16A; t'abes IOC, 16A. 

take tiie opportunity: kaj tuk lOB, 16C; lik 

tuk lOB, 16C; t'ab tuk lOB. 

oppose 'ut 16H, 20A; nak 16H, 20A; nakav 16H. 

20A. 

opposite say the opposite of: tup' k'op [extinguish 

one's word] 13A. 14J. 20A. 

opposition nakavel 20A; nakbal 20A; nakel 20A; 

nakvanej 20A. 

or or if: *jey 36; *jeye 36. 

orange naranjas 5B, 15A10. 

orange peel or rind: pat naranja 5B, 15A10, 

23A1. 

orange free: naranjo 5B. 15A10; te'el naranjas 5B, 15A10. 

chanob tzitzo' U. 

'av tz'unbaltik 5B. 26; 'av tz'unubU 5B. 26. 

pas ta padre 15A1. 35C; pas ta sacerdote 

15A1.35C. 

be ordained: 'ich' padreU 15A1. 35C; 'ich' 

sacerdoteU 15A1. 35C; pas ba ta padre 

15A1, 35C; pas ta padre 15A1, 35C; 

pasey ta padre 15A1, 35C. 

nopben 13B; taki 13B; takiej 13B; takivan 

13B. 

be set in order: nop k'op 9B. 

order one receives: takiel 16E. 

set in order: nop 9B. 

ordered nopbil 4. 

orderly nopbUnopbil 16R; tasaltasal 16R. 

ordinary naka k'op no 'ox 16L; naka Ha' no 'ox 16L. 

origin 'ibel 2; lUcebal 2. 

original lUcebal 2; t'abeb 2. 

orphan me'on 18F. 21B. 

be an orphan: mo 'oyuk tot mo 'oyuk me' 

18F.21B. 

fatherless orphan: ma'-tot me'on 18C. 18F. 

21B. 

guardianship of an orphan: chabiel me'on 

18F. 20. 21B. 

motiierless orphan: ma'-me' me'on 18C. 

18F, 21B. 

orphaned person in charge of homeless women or 

widows: jtzoyleb 18E, 20, 21B; jjok'leb 

18E,21B. 

ossuary 'ak'ob bak 18E; tzobob bak 18E; tzobojeb 

bak 18E. 

other j-tek 12A; yan 12; yantUc 12. 

oratory 

orchard 

ordain 

ordained 

order 

outbidder 

outbuilding 

outcome 

outcry 

outiine 

outside 

outskirts 

oven 

over 

overflow 

overgrown 

overlooked 

overmateh 

overnight 

oversalty 

overtake 

overturn 

owe 

owl 

own 

owned 

owner 

ox 

oxcart 

oyster 

the otiien Ha' te June 12. 

jtoy-p'olmal 2TA. 

naU 28D1. 

tzutzeb IT. 

'ok'el 'osil [crying of tiie world] 14E. 

joch' 3; joch'ben 3; joch'benal 3; joch'el 3. 

ta pana 4. 

ti' nanatik 19. 

panob vaj 22C; pus 22C; ta'ajeb vaj 22C. 

'ak'ol 4. 

over there: taj ta jech 4; taj toe 4. 

mal IC. lOD; malemal IC. lOD. 

but'ul tz'i'leltik 5. 

be overlooked: mu tabat 8F. 

'alantas 16E; yales 16E. 

overnight stay: vayebal 2A. 19A. 

ch'a' chi' [bitter sweet] 8D. 14C; naka 

'atz'am 8D. 

overtake by using a shortcut: jel 9A1, 

(bowl): vaUc'uj 4. 22C; valk'un 4, 22C, 

Hatzinbey 2T. 

(smaller tiian a great-horned owl): xoch' 

6B1, 

great horned owl: 'ichin 6B1, 

screech owl: yax-likUk 6B1. 

ta tojol lOB, 2T. 

one's own: leknej tuk lOB, 2T; lekoj tuk 

lOB. 2T, 

object owned: lekoj lOB. 2T. 

bet'oj tuk 'a'i [feel one alone dominates it] 

lOB. 14C. 2T. 

be the owner: lekoj tuk 'a'i [feel one alone 

owns it] lOB, 14C, 2T. 

chij 6A2. 

young ox: kelem vacas 6A2.15A9, 

setet te' 25B. 

k'o' choy 6D, 

pace p'isbilp'isbU xanav 9A1. 

pacified be pacified: laaet 16G. 21E; laanej 16G. 21E, 

pacify ch'anantas 16E. 21E; laanejes 16E, 21E; 

lamtzan 16E, 21E; pas 16E, 21E. 

pack 'Ucatzin 9E. 

pack down: cha'-tek' 9E, 

pack tight pressing witii fist or stick: 

tonton-tik' 9E, 

pack tight pressing with the foot tonton-tek' 

[stamp solidly or Uke a rock] 9E, 14. 

pack tight pressing with the hand: tonton-net' 

9E. 

pact Hap ti'il 16D. 

padlock makob na 28D; makobU na 28D. 
NUMBER 31 431 

pagan 

page (1) 

page (2) 

pain 

painful 

paint 

painted 

painter 

painting 

pair 

pafred 

palace 

palate 

palm 

palmetto 

pan 

pancake 

pander 

(for chest): makobil caja 15A5,22B. 

jch'uun pak'tayej ch'u [believer in counterfeit god] 14,35F; Ha' te mo batz'i diosuk 

chu'unane [he who does not beUeve in a 

real god] 14,15A1,35F, 

kelem 22A. 

page who serves food, drink, towels: 

jve'eltasvanej 22A. 

lUc UA. 

k'uxul 33. 

have pain doubled: 'ipaj k'uxul 33. 

k'ux 33. 

be very painful: t'omt'onet 33. 

'ak'bey bon 28, 30; bon 28, 30; bonoj 28, 

30; bonol 28, 30; tz'ibaj 28, 30; tz'ibay 

28, 30, 

paint oneself with dye or red ochre: naban 

31E, 

paint oneself with red ochre: nabantas 3 IE, 

tz'ibaybU 28. 30. 

(portrait): lok'taybU 30. 

tz'ibajom 28A. 30A; jtz'ib 28A, 30A; 

jtz'ibayvanej 28A. 30A. 

first painter: ba tz'ibajom 28A, 30A; ba jtz'ib 

28A, 30A; ba ta tz'ib 28A. 30A; ba ta 

tz'ibajel 28A. 30A. 

tz'ib 30, 

painting on a board: lok'ob-ba 30; lok'obbaU 30, 

'ak' chi'U 12; 'ak' melol 12; nupulnupul 12; 

nupultas 12, 

(sandals): j-choj 12A. 31; j-chop 12A. 31, 

be in pafrs: 'oy nup 12; nupnup ba 12; 

nupulnupul ba 12. 

in pafrs: chabchab 12, 

in pafrs (animals): cha'cha'-kot 6,12A, 

in pafrs (people): cha'cha'-vo' 12A, 

leave in pairs: 'oy nup lok' 9A1, 12;d 

nupulnupul lok' 9A1, 12, 

one of a pafr: nup 12, 

meltzanbil 12; nupultasbU 12, 

'ajvalel na 20, 28C3; 'ajvayeb na 20,28C3, 

royal palace: na 'ojov 20, 28C3; na tekpan 

15B, 20, 28C3. 

'ak'ol 'ut 'e TAl, 

xan 5A. 

palm grove: xantik 5A, 

palm with round fruits: nap 5A, 

xan 5A, 

frying pan: ch'Uob tak'in 22C; ch'Uobil 22C. 

pamal lo'bol 23A1; pamal vaj 23A1. 

'ik'van 16P, 18C; muktal-'ik'van [escort 

secretiy] 14, 16P, 18C; mukul-'ik'van 

16P, 18C. 

pant 'ajulan 6G, TE. 

panting 'ajulanel 6G, TE. 

paper sakU Hun UA; Hun UA. 

paper clip: lotz'ob Hun U A. 

parable joy-k'op [roundabout taUc] 11,14J. 

paradise muibel 'osil [place of growing fragrance] 

14E. 35C; nichimajebal 'osU [place of 

flowering] 14E. 35C; paraiso 15A1. 35C. 

paragraph likeb tz'ib UA; lUceb k'op UA; UkesabU 

tz'ib UA; lUcesabUk'op UA. 

parakeet xch'el 6B1. 

paralysis sUc-potz 'Uc' 33, 

paralyze pek'aubes 33; pek'aubtas 33. 

paralyzed be paralyzed: sUc-potztay 33. 

become paralyzed: 'och ta sUc-potz 'ik' 33; 

pek'aub 33. 

paralyzed person: jsUc-potz 'Uc' 33. 

parchment jotzbU nukul UA; nukulU Hun UA; pimU 

Hun UA. 

pardon ch'aybey 16A. 20A; ch'aybey kola'al 16A, 

20A; ch'aybey mul [discard one's sin] 

14, 16A, 20A; ch'ayel 16A. 20A; lajes 

16A. 20A. 

pardoned ch'aybU 16D, 20A. 

parents-in-law (woman's): 'alib 18C. 18F. 

parish teklej 19, 35B. 

native parish: joUmal 19, 35B. 

parish house: miUc'ta na 28C3, 35B; tanU na 

28C3, 35B. 

parish of origin: tasal 19, 35B; tos 19, 35B. 

parishioner jteklej 19, 35A. 

parrot *' ova 6B1; chak-pan 6B1. 

(smaller than a macaw, larger than a parakeet): puyuch' 6B1. 

(the common ones that talk): k'an-mut 6B1. 

parsley perejU 5B. 15A10. 

parsley sauce: juch'bU perejU 5B. 15A10. 

23A1. 

part j-*kem 12 A; j-jech 12A. 

(round object as a banana): j-k'os 3,12A. 

part or piece: j-jov 12A. 

partisan be partisan: jech ch'uun [beUeve in or obey 

a side] 14, 20A; jech k'ex 20A; jechjech 

k'opoj 20A; jechjech va'an ba 20A. 

partition jayil *pok'omtik 28D; *pok'om 28D; 

•pok'omtik 28D; xamital *pok'omtik 

15B, 28C. 

partner 'atel 2T; lekoj 'ekuk 2T. 

be a partner of: ta tojol 'atey [be counted as 

one's] 14, 2T. 

make person one's partner: 'ak' 'atey 2T. 

partnership be in partnership with: 'at 27. 

partridge kuich' 6B1. 

large partridge: 'ub 6B1. 
432 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

paschal 

pass (1) 

pass (2) 

passage 

passenger 

passerby 

passion 

paste 

pasted 

pastime 

pasture 

pat 

patch 

patched 

paten 

path 

patience 

patient (1) 

patient(2) 

patio 

patriarch 

patricide 

patrimony 

pafrol 

patron 

pave 

paved 

paving 

pay 

payment 

young partridge: 'ol 'ub 6B1; 'ol kiuch' 6B1. 

pascuail 15A1. 35E; ta pascuatUc 'ayan 

15A1, 35E; ta pascuatUc lok' 15A1, 35E. 

moimtain pass: 'akan vitz [mountain leg] 

IB, 14B10. 

pass by: 'ech' 9A1. 

pass by without meeting on the trail: jel 

9Al,10D;jelba9Al, lOD. 

pass tiie time away: 'et'es *osU 2. 

that which now passes or had just passed: 

nax 2; nax lajel 2; nax lajel to 2. 

'ech'el ta jom 9A2; p'asojel ta jom 9A2. 

jp'asojel 9A1,9A2. 

j'ech'el-be 9 Al. 

k'uxul 'olonton [heart pain] 14B6, 16D. 

castiUan chak lOA, 15A2; chab lOA; chak 

lOA; chaki lOA. 

chakibU lOA. 

'ech'eb 'osU 32; maxilajel 32. 

'abnaltUc 5, 25, 26; jobeltik 5. 25. 26; 

lo'bajeb chij 5, 25, 26; lo'bajebal 5, 25, 

26; lo'ob 5, 25, 26; lo'ob chij 5, 25, 26; 

voymoltik 5, 25, 26. 

pojUan 9D. 

tz'alal 31 A; tz'ol 31 A; k'alal 31 A; k'ol 31 A. 

tz'alaltik 31 A; k'alaltik 31 A. 

patena 15 A1,35B. 

be 9A1; belel 9A1; mukul be 9A1; xojlej 

9A1. 

make a patii: xojav 9A1, 28E. 

Iz'ikvanej 16G. 

poxlal 34. 

be patient: tz'Uc 16G; tz'Ucvan 16G. 

'amak' 28D, 28D1; 'amak'U 28D, 28D1. 

'ibel totil 16E, 20; likeb 'epal 'utzil vinUc 

[beginning of many good people] 14, 

16E, 20; patriarca 15A2. 16E. 20. 

jtzamesej tot 18E, 21 A. 

chamebal naU 18E. 

night patrol: chabi-'ak'abal 2A, 20, 21E; 

chabiej-'ak'abal 2A, 20, 21E; joyeb j-tek 

lum [town cfrcuit] 2A, 14,20, 21E; joyeb 

na 2A, 20, 2IE; joyvanej 2A, 20, 2IE. 

jkoltayvanej 27; jk'op [he of words] 14J, 27. 

laman 28; pach'an ton 28. 

lamal ton 28; lamanbU 28. 

lamanbil ton 28; pach'anbU ton 28. 

pay in three installments: cha' ox toj toj 

IOC, 12A, 27. 

toj 27. 

day set for payment: chonbU k'in 2B, 27. 

deferred payment Hatzil 27. 

order of payment: tzakobil tak'in Hun 27; 

k'exobU tak'in Hun 27; lok'esabU tak'in 

peace 

peaceable 

peaceful 

peacetime 

peach 

pear 

pearl 

pebble 

pebbly 

peccary 

peck (1) 

peck (2) 

pecked 

pedestal 

peeking 

peel 

peeling 

peep 

peer 

peg 

pelt 

2T. 

order of payment for property: tzakobil 

p'oUnal Hun 2T; lok'esabil p'obnal Hun 

19B, 2T. 

ch'an-chi xanbal 16G; laaet xanbal 16G; lam 

xanbal 16G. 

be at peace: ch'an-chi xanav [walk or live 

quietiy or mutely] 14, 16G; laaet 16G; 

laaet xanav 16G; laan xanav 16G. 

feel at peace: laaet 'osU 'a'i [feel tiie world 

to be calm] 14E. 16G. 

make peace: lamtzan 16E. 

peacemaker: jlamtzajel 16E. 20A. 

peaceable person: melel vinik [straight person] 

14. 16G. 

lamal 16G. 

be peaceful: ch'an-chi 16G. 

become peaceful: lamtzaj 16G. 

peaceful person: jlaaetel 16G. 

lamal 'osil [calm world or time] 14E. 16G, 

21E. 

durasnos 5B, 15A10. 

peach preserve: pamal durasnos 15A10, 

23A1. 

peras 5B, 15A10. 

pear tree: peras 5B, 15A10; te'el peras 5B, 

15A10. 

'utzil ton [good stone] 6D, 14, 29; jalal ton 

[precious stone] 6D, 14, 29. 

xixib ton IB. 

'ip xixib ton IB. 

pebbly place: xixib tontik IB. 

rough pebbly place: xixib tontik IB, 8E. 

chak-chitom 6A1; te'tikU chitom 6A1; voymoltikU chitom 6A1. 

•t'ojey 9D; *t'ojeyvanej 9D. 

half a peck (half a celemin): te'el ta bUc'tal 

te' 12. 

•t'ojoltUc 6G. 

nakleb chikin te' 28D. 

keep peeking: nach'nonet 8F. 

patil 23A. 

(cooked or roasted fruit): sol 23A3. 

(pears or apples with a knife): cho' lOD, 

23A3; jos lOD, 23A3. 

cho'benal 23A3; solbenal 23A3. 

(chick): 'ok' 8C1. 

peer at: pa'i 8F. 

peer over (stretching one's neck): nat-nuk'i 

TD, 8F. 

peg for tightening or fastening: k'uxiabU 

26B. 

wooden peg: clavos te' 15A8.26B. 

nukul 6F. 
NUMBER 31 433 

penance penitencia 15A1.16F, 35C. 

pencil jutobil 11 A. 

pendant lok'omU 3 IE. 

penetiate penetrate heavy growtii: kuj ba ta jobel 9B. 

9E; kuj ba ta voymol 9E; k'al ba ta jobel 

9E; k'al bai ta voymol 9E. 

penis 'atil TA. 18C; xinch'okil bek'tal TA. 18C. 

(poUte term): xinch'oklel TA, 16F, 18C. 

bull penis: 'at xinch'ok vacas 6F, 15A9. 

penitence bUc'tajel 'olontonil [reduction of heart] 14B6, 

14F2.16J. 35C; me'anajel 'olonton [misery 

of one's heart] 14B6,16J. 35C; me'anajel 

'olontonU 16J, 35C. 

penitent be penitent: bik'taj 'olonton [have one's 

heart grow smaU] 14F2,16J, 35C; me'anaj 

'olonton 16J, 35C. 

pensive pensive person: ch'anabal vinUc 16C. 

pepper castillan 'ich 15A10, 23A1; especies 5B, 

15A10,23A1. 

pepper weed: pich' 5A. 

perfect t'ujum 16C. 

perforate ch'oj 9E; xen 9E. 

perform perform anotiier's functions: k'ex 16N. 

perfume 'ak' ta ch'ailtik [put in smoke] 8D, 14, 3 IE; 

muibtayab 8D, 3 IE; muibtayabil 8D, 

31E; muU 8D, 31E. 

(witii incense): muibtas ta ch'ail 8D. 

perfume of incense: muil ch'aU 8D. 

perfumed (with incense): 'oy ta ch'ail muibtayat 8D; 

ch'ail muibtayat 8D. 

perhaps van IT. 

permission takel ta 'ich'el tza IT; takivanej IT, 

give permission: taki IT, 

permission one gives: takiej IT. 

permission one receives: takiel IT. 

permit 'ak' IT; mo komes IT; mo pajes IT; takbey 

IT. 

perpetual batel 'osil 'oy [have time go] 2. 14E; jUol 

'osil [length of time] 2.14E; mu cham 'oy 

2; mu laj 'oy 2. 

perpetuate muk'ubtas 2; Halejes 2. 

perpetuity jok'tzajel 2; natijel 2; Halejel 2, 

perplex ch'aybey 'olonton [lose one's heart] U. 

14B6. 

persecution nakavel 161, 21C; nakbal 161, 21C; nakel 

161, 21C; nakvanej 161, 21C. 

persevere batz'itay 16C. 

persist bakal-k'opoj [speak witii corncobs] 14J, 

16C; tzatzal-k'opoj [speak sfrongly] 14J, 

16C; jel-k'opoj [pass by speaking] 14J, 

16C; yijil-k'opoj [speak sfrongly] 14J. 

16C. 

persist unreasonably: k'opk'on [talk noisely] 

14J, 16K; ma' ba tzatzal k'opoj [speak 

persistence 

person 

persuade 

persuaded 

persuader 

perverse 

perversely 

peso 

pester 

pestered 

pestilential 

pestie 

petition 

petitioner 

phial 

philosopher 

phlegm 

pick 

picked 

picklock 

picture 

pie 

piece 

pierce 

pierced 

sfrongly and calamitously] 14J. 16K; ma' 

ba yijil k'opoj [speak strongly and calamitously] 14J. 16K. 

tzatzal k'op 16C; yijil k'op 16C. 

vinUc 6. 

'a'ibey k'op IT; tzitz IT; jut IT; likes IT; 

t'abes IT. 

be persuaded: t'ab IT. 

jlikesvanej IT; jt'abesej-k'op [he of persuasive words] 14J, IT. 

toj kolo' 16P; toj lob 16P. 

be perverse: mo meleluk 'ayan [not be born 

honest or straight] 14, 16P; valak-pat 

'ayan [be born backwards] 14B8, 16P; 

valak-patij [go backwards] 14B8,16P. 

act perversely: 'ixtalaj 16P; tz'i'lej 16R 

peso 15A3. 2TC. 

person who pesters: jme'antasvanej 16K. 

lom-tek'bU 16J. 

'ipal chamelal 16J. 

juch'obU 22C. 

*'akan-'oltayvanej 18D; k'anoj 18D. 

jk'anbol 18D. 

redoma 15A5. 34. 

j'ipal-metz' [he of many excuses or wordy 

explanations] U, 14; j'ipal-pom [he of 

much incense] U, 14. 

'obal TB. 

(beans, chilis, cotton, flowers, fruit): tul 5, 

5B, lOB, 26. 

(flowers, fruit): tuch' lOB, 26. 

person who picks up object from the ground: 

jtamanej lOB; jtamvanej lOB. 

pick out 'ap'ap'tUc lok'es lOB; lapaptUc 

lok'es lOB. 

pick out or up (as when they pick up grains 

on tiie ground): tam 5B, lOB, 26. 

pick up from the ground: tamolaj lOB. 

tuch'ul 26; tulbU 26. 

object picked up from tiie ground: tamol 

lOB; tamolajel lOB. 

'elk'ajebal tak'in 21A; jamob na 21A; 

jamobil 'elek' 21 A. 

tz'ib 11, 30; k'eluy U, 30; k'eluyabU U, 

30; p'is 11,30; p'isobU 11,30. 

pak'tanibU vaj 23A. 

meat pie: bek'etal vaj 23A2. 

piece torn off a gown: bik'tajeb lOE. 31D. 

single piece: j-jechjech 12A; j-kemkem 12A. 

ch'oj 9E; ch'ojes 9E; jelaves 9E; Hot 9E; 

Hotes 9E. 

(witii an awl): jul 9E. 

Ch'ojbU 9E; Hotbil 9E; Hotol 9E. 

be pierced: ch'oj 9E. 
434 SMTTHSONL;^ CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

pig 

pigeon 

pigherd 

pigpen 

pUceman 

pile 

pile up 

piled 

piles 

pilferer 

pilgrim 

pilgrimage 

piU 

pillage 

piUar 

pillory 

piUow 

piUowcase 

pilot 

pimp 

object to be pierced: ch'ojbol 9E; Hotbol 9E. 

pierced object: Hotben 9E; Hotnej 9E. 

chitom 6A2. 

suckling pig: 'ol chitom 6A2; bik'tal chitom 

6A2. 

xch'ach'ak 6B1. 

j'U-chitom [pig-seer] 141. 25A; jchabichitom 25A. 

na chitom 28C1; vayeb chitom 28C1. 

ch'ilom xanav ta 'ok 21E1. 

bus 9B; bustzaj 9B; tzob 9B; kun 9B; kunan 

9B; lotz 9B. 

(firewood): busan 9B. 

in many smaU piles: busustUc 3,12. 

pile up: busi 9B; kuney 9B. 

put in pile: *tekan 9B. 

*tekey 9B. 

busul 3,4; tzobol 3,4; kunul 3,4; *tekel 3.4. 

place where objects are piled: bustzajeb 4. 

'ichil chak [ass chili] 14B8. 33. 

jtasol 21 A; jtasvanej 21A. 

nam-tal vinUc 35A; xanvU ta 'Uel ch'uul 

mukenal [traveler to see holy cemetery] 

14. 35A. 

pilgrim who requests contributions for God 

(the Church): jk'anojel 2T. 35 A; jme'anajel 

2T. 35A. 

ch'uul me'anajel xanbal [sorrowful holy 

waUc] 9A1. 14. 35C; nam-tal xanbal 

[distant walk] 9A1,14. 35C. 

go on a pilgrimage: 'ech'te 'ech'te 9A1. 

35C; kom lumal xanav 9A1. 35C; kom 

na xanav 9Al. 35C. 

make a pUgrimage: 'ech'te 'ech'te xanbal 

9A1,35C. 

on a pilgrimage: nom talel 9A1, 35C. 

pisis 34; pisis pox 34; pox 34; poxlal 34. 

tzak lOE, 21E; tzakel bel na ta ch'Uomal 

k'op lOE, 2 IE; pojel na ta yabutil lOE, 

21E. 

ChUcin [ear] 14B3, 28D. 

stone pillar: chikin ton 28D. 

wooden pillar: chikin te' 28D. 

majvanab 21C; mUvanab 21C; picota 15A2, 

21C; xotxot tak'in 21C; te' yo' majey 

vinUc 21C. 

iron pillory: xotot tak'in 21C. 

xon jolol 22D. 

chu'uy 22D; tik'obil chu'uy 22D; volobU 

22D. 

ba j'U-jom 9A2; ba jchabi-jom 9A2. 

j'Uc'vanej 16P. 18C; jiU-'atU vinUc [stiiing 

out penis person] 14B9.16P, 18C; mulalxanav 16P, 18C; mulavil kelem 16P. 

kul-'ik'vanej [secret escort] 14. 

16P. 18C; Hovi-xanav 16P, 18C; HovU 

kelem [crazy boy] 14.16P, 18C. 

pinch set'el 9D; set'vanej 9D; xut'el 9D; xut'vanej 

9D, 

with the finger or fingers: xut' 9D, 

pine tel toj 5A; ten toj 5A; toj 5A, 

pine forest: tojOtik 5A, 

pine needle: xak-toj 5A. 

pine resin: xuch' toj 5A. 

pine torch: xuch'al toj ID, 5A. 

pineapple jolom paxak' 5B. 

pinol ch'Uim 23Al, 

pinon castillan toj 5A, 15A10, 

piiion nut: lo'balal castillan toj 5A, 15A10; 

lo'balal toj 5A; sat toj [pine eye or face] 

5A. 14B2, 

pipe be 'a'iel [water patii] 14. 22C, 28E; be-o' 

[water path] 14, 22C, 28E; lok'eb Ho' 

[water exit] 14. 22C. 28E. 

pit cooking pit bon 22C, 

deep pit in the hills: xa'ab IB. 

fruit pit: bek' 5. 

piteh 'Uc'al ton IB; bon IB; bonobU IB; chUc'bU 

xuch' 5; juybU xuch' 5; kap IB; xuch' 5. 

pitchfork pitehfork for turning wheat: jetav te' 26B; 

payal te' 26B; paylej te' 26B. 

pitted (house floor): lomlom 3. 

pity chamolaj 16A; chamolan 16A; tup'olaj 16A; 

tup'olan 16A; vokol 16A; vokol 'al 'a'i 

[feel one says difficulty or pities] 14C. 

14J, 16A. 

be moved to pity: 'unenay [be baby-lUce] 

14C. 14H. 16A; k'unij [soften] 14C, 16A. 

pity one feels: k'uxubinvanej 16A. 

pity one receives: k'uxubinel lOB. 16A; yaU 

lOB. 16A; yainel lOB. 16A. 

take pity on: 'abolaj 16A; 'aboltay 16A; 

k'uxubin 16A; vokol 'al [say difficulty] 

14J. 16A; vokol 'albey 16A; vokoltas 

16A; ya 'a'i 16A; yain 16A. 

place against 'elanej ba 'ak' 9B; 'ichoninej 

ba *ak' 9B. 

place where something is or is put: 'av 9B. 

take one's place: k'ex 16N. 

take one's place (competing for a favor, a 

position): k'ex ba 16N. 

take person's place: k'ex ta k'op 16N. 

placenta k'u' TAl, 18A. 18C; me' 'olol [motiier of 

chUd] 7A1.14H. 18A. 18C. 

plague 'ipal chamel 33. 

plain jobeltik IB; lomlej IB; tenav IB; tenlej IB, 

5; tenlejU IB. 

form a plain in a hiUy region: lomtzaj IB. 

place 
NUMBER 31 435 

plan 

plane 

plank 

planked 

plant 

planting 

plaster 

plastered 

plasterer 

plate 

platform 

platter 

play 

player 

playing 

plead 

please 

pleased 

tzai U; nopben U. 

ch'ul 28; ch'ulob te' 26B; ch'ulobU te' 26B; 

ch'ulvan 28; t'abob te' 26B. 

'otes te'el 28; tenal-te'i 28. 

'ak'ebU tenal te'al 28; tenal-te'ibU 28. 

be planked: 'och tenal te' 28. 

tz'un 26; tz'unbaj 26. 

(as tiiey plant corn or we plant radishes): 'av 

26. 

(post in tiie ground witii one's hands): paj 

9B, 28. 

appearance of plants: ch'iel 5,26. 

plant a vineyard: tz'un tz'usub 26. 

plant stem (when sturdy): te'el 5. 

'ovol 26; tz'unbajel 26. 

kap 28; pak' 28; pak'av 28; pox 28. 34; 

xokom 28. 

(putting on quantities of plaster as with a 

trowel): 'ak' tan 28; juy tan 28; pas ta tan 

28. 

applied with plasters: 'ak'ebil pox 34. 

apply plasters: 'ak' pox 34; poxtay 34. 

apply plasters to: 'ak'bey pox 34. 

plaster lightiy witii daub to fiU cracks and 

to smootii surface: jus 28, 

poxtaybU 28. 28D. 34. 

jjusnom 28A; pak'om 28A. 

pottery plate: jayil lum 22C. 

stiver plate: jayU tak'in 29. 

tem 28D. 

platform or walkway beneatii the roof around 

thefr houses: *poch'om 28D; *poch'omal 

na 28D. 

platel 15A5, 22C. 

maxmonet [monkey] 14Al, 32B; na'nonet 

32B; tajim 32B. 

(flute, trumpet): Hupan 32A. 

jtajimol 32B. 

person playing: jva'etel 32B. 

k'oponvan lOB; Hu' k'opojel 'u'un lOB. 

plead a case: koltay lOB, 20A. 

'ak* muibuk 16A; *utz 'a'i 'u'un 16A; 

'utzibtas 16A; k'uxubes 16A; k'uxubesbey 'olonton [hurt one's heart] 14B6, 

16A; k'uxubtas 16A; lok'esbey 'olonton 

[create one's heart] 14B6, 16A; me 16F; 

mu 'osil chi 'u'un [have time seem 

fragrant] 14E, 16A; muibes 16A; muibtas 

16A; muibtasbey 'olonton [perfume one's 

heart] 14B6, 16A; t'ujum chi 'u'un 16A. 

be pleased: 'utz 'a'i [feel good] 14C, 16A; 

'utz 'U [see good] 141, 16A; 'utzib 16A; 

mu 'osil 'a'i [feel fragrant time] 14E, 

16A; nop 'a'i [feel accustomed to] 14C, 

pleasing 

pleasiu-able 

pleasure 

pleat 

pleated 

pledge 

pliers 

plot 

plow 

plowed 

plowhand 

plowing 

plowman 

plum 

plumb 

plume 

plump-cheeked 

plunder 

point 

pointed 

pointer 

poison 

poisoned 

poisonous 

poke 

poker 

16A. 

be pleased by: 'utz chi 'u'un 16A. 

mu 16A. 

toj 'utz 16A, 

'utzibel 16A; 'utzil 16A; muibel [becoming 

fragrant] 14C, 16A; muil [fragrance] 14C, 

16A. 

carnal pleasure: muil bek'tal [fragrant flesh] 

14B11, 14C, 18C. 

indulge in carnal pleasure: bek'tal muib 18C. 

*tzukU 31 A; tz'alal 31 A; tz'ol 31 A; k'alal 

31A;k'ol31A. 

tz'alaltUc 31 A; k'alaltik 31 A. 

(give something as security): Hatzin 27. 

lotz'obU 26B; tasob clavos 15A8, 26B; 

tasobil clavos 15A8, 26B. 

plot of land: j-p'is lum 12A, 19B; j-t'ob lum 

12A, 19B; j-t'ob lum 12A, 19B; lum IB, 

19B. 

boj 'osil 26; chabaj 26; chaban 26; chaban 

chob 26; pitz 'osU 26. 

plowing: pitzel 'osil 26. 

extent of ground plowed by one yoke of 

oxen in a day: chabajeb j-choj vacas ta jun 

k'ak'al 12A, 15A9, 26. 

plowed field: tz'alal batel 26; tz'alaltUc 26. 

jchabatal 26A. 

bojel 'osil 26. 

jboj-lum 26A. 

po'on 5B. 

plum tree: po'on 5B. 

plumb bob: likUk tak'in 26B, 28B; p'is 26B, 

28B. 

k'uk'6F, 3 IE. 

vo'o-cho 7C. 

tzokil 21A, 21E. 

chak [ass] 3. 14B8; ni' [nose] 3.14B4. 

point at or to: ch'utubtay 7E. 

become pointed: tz'ubey 3. 

make pointed: tz'uban 3; tz'ubey 'u'un 3. 

that which is being pointed at or to: 

ch'utubtayej 4. 

'atob 4. U. 

'ak'bey 'uch'kola'al pox 18E, 21 A; jtzamesvanej pox 18E, 21A; komes kola'al 'e 

18E, 21A; komes kola'al ti' 18E, 21A. 

poison drink: kola'al pox 18E, 21A, 23A. 

poxtaybU 18E, 21 A, 33. 

be poisoned: 'uch' kola'al pox 18E, 21 A, 33. 

'ip kola'al 34; toj kolo' 34. 

(venom): laal kola'al 'e 34. 

poke ffre and stfr flames: lupes ID, 9E. 

poke the fire: ji' k'ok' ID, 9E. 

chuchob k'ok' 22C; chuchobU k'ok' 22C. 
436 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

(for oven): ji'ob k'ok' 22C. 

pole te' 28. 

long pole: natU te' 28. 

small pole: bik'it te' 28; bUc'tal te' 28. 

polish 'utz pas 22E; 'utzil 22E; ch'ul 22E; ch'ulvan 

22E; lek pas 22E; lekil 22E; tojobtas 22E; 

t'ab 22E. 

polish roughly: jux 22E. 

polished 'utz 22E; *'ulubalal 22E; lek 22E; t'abbil 

22E. 

object being poUshed: juxoj 22E. 

polisher ch'ulob 22E; ch'ulobU 22E; juxob 22E; 

juxobil 22E; tojobtasabU 22E; t'abob 

lOA; t'abob tak'in 22E; t'abobU 22E; 

t'abobU tak'in 22E; t'abobU te' 22E. 

polite polite person: laan vinik 16F; tojol vinik 16F. 

politely lek 16F; t'ujum 16F. 

politeness k'unU k'op 16F; k'unil xanbal 16F; laanU 

k'op [calm words] 14J, 16F; laanU xanbal 

16F; tojol k'op [straight words] 14J, 16F; 

tojol xanbal 16F. 

pollywog x'avob 6C. 

pomegranate castillan makum 5B, 15A10; granada 5B, 

15A10. 

pomegranate tree: granado 5B, 15A10. 

pomp be done with pomp: toj pasey 16Q. 

pond bik'tal nab IC; tz'antzajeb Ho' IC; tz'anleb 

Ho' IC; Ho' IC. 

pontoon bUc'tal k'o 9A2. 

pony kelem caballo 6A2,15A9. 

poor 'abol ba 16J, 21D, 27; 'utz"utz' ba 16J, 

21D, 27; jok'ol 16J, 21D, 27; k'uxob 'olal 

ba [have painful heart] 14B6, 16J, 21D, 

27; me'on 16J, 21D, 27; yavaj 16J, 21D, 

27. 

aid the poor in thefr needs: yain IOC. 16A. 

16J. 21D. 27. 

become poor: me'anaj 16J. 21D. 27. 

desperately poor person: batz'i me'on 16J, 

21D. 27; ch'uul me'on 16J. 21D, 27. 

lift up tiie poor or downcast: p'iles IOC, 

16A, 16J, 21D, 27. 

raise tiie poon toyes IOC, 16A. 16J, 21D, 27. 

poorhouse na me'on 16J, 21D, 28C3; vayeb nich'on 

16J, 21D, 28C3. 

pope papa 15A1, 35A; sancto padre 15A1, 35A; 

santo padre 15Al, 35A. 

population 'epal na [many houses] 14, 19. 

porch 'amak' 28D; ti' na 28D. 

sun porch: 'a'iab k'ak'al [sun or heat feeler] 

14C, 14G. 28D. 

porcupine ch'ixal chitom 6A1. 

port 'ocheb jom 9A2. 

portal 'ichon na 28D, 

porter 

position 

positively 

possess 

possession 

possessor 

possibUity 

possible 

post 

postage 

postpone 

postponed 

pot 

potato 

pottery 

poultryman 

pound (1) 

pound (2) 

pounded 

pour 

poverty 

powder 

power 

powerful 

j'abat 9A1, 22A; j'eanvanej 9A1, 22A; 

j'Ucatznom 9A1, 22A; jchon-baU 9A1, 

22A. 

'ak'el 4; 'ak'vanej 4; naklej 4. 

high position: lekoj 20; patan 20. 

react positively towards: *utzU-nop 16D. 

'oy lOB; 'oy 'u'un lOB. 

become tiie property of: *ech' ta lekom lOB. 

'otol lOB; chabiej lOB; chabiej ta na lOB; 

chabiel ta na lOB; kotol lOB. 

be one's possession: patan 'ojov lOB. 

jchabiej lOB. 

vesvanej 17; Hu'el 17. 

be possible: Hu' pasel 17; Hu' Hechuk pasuk 

17. 

hitehing post tzoyleb 9A1. 25. 

house post: 'oy 28D. 

post with a hook: jok'leb 28D. 

supporting post: 'ipajebal 28D; tzatzubeb 

28D; tzatzubtasabU 28D; xok' ch'ub 28D. 

tojol 'ak'el Hun UA; tojol 'ochel Hun UA. 

ch'ak 2; jok'tzajes 2; k'oxibtas [make smaU] 

2, 14F2; lajeb 'ayan 'u'un 2; nop 2; paj 

2; xutul 'ayan 'u'un 2; xutultas 2; toy k'in 

[raise the day] 2.14E; Halejes 2. 

be postponed: jok'tzaj 2. 

earthenware pot: bUc'tal poket 22C, 

glazed earthen pot bik'tal p'in 22C, 

make pots: pat 22C. 30, 

'is-ak' 5B. 

chUc'bU lum 30; patbU lum 30, 

j'U-tuluk' 25A; jchabi-tuluk' 25A. 

libra 12.15A3; p'is 12. 

half a pound: jechel libra 12. 15A3; medio 

libra 12. 15A3. 

juch' 9D; juch'un 9D; ten 9D; tenulan 9D. 

pound to pieces: voch' 9D. lOE. 

be pounded to pieces: voch' 9D. lOE. 

pour from bowl to bowl: t'ojilan 9E, 

'abol ba 16J, 27; 'utz"utz'U ba 16J. 27; 

k'uxob 'olal ba 16J. 27; me'anal 16J, 27; 

yavaj 16J, 27; yavajil 16J, 27, 

feign poverty: pak'tay ba ta me'on 16J, 16N, 

27, 

(of ground dried material): p'up' IB. 

(of sawed material): p'up'benal IB. 

lekoj 16C, 16E; Hu'el 16C, 16E. 

have power oven Hu' 'u'un 16C. 16E, 

power over a person: bet'oj 16C, 16E. 

be powerful: toj Hu' 'u'un 16C, 16E; ves 

16C. 16E; Hu' 'u'un 16C. 16E. 

powerful person: jvesej 16C. 16E. 20; 

jvesvanej 16C. 16E. 20; jHu'el 16C. 16E, 

20. 
NUMBER 31 437 

pozol 'uch'om-o' 23Al. 

practice chan 11; chanantas ba U. 

praise 'utz 'al 16C; 'utz 'alvan 16C; 'utzU 'alvanej 

16C; 'utzil-'al 16C; 'utzil-'alvan [say 

good of] 141, 16C; pak 16C; toy [raise] 

14, 16C. 

praise directed towards person: 'utzil 'alel 

16C, 16D. 

praised 'utz 'albU 16C, 16D. 

be praised: 'utz 'a'ibil [felt or known to be 

good] 14C, 16C, 16D; 'utzU 'albil 16C, 

16D. 

praiseworthy 'utz 16C. 

be praiseworthy: 'utz 'aley 16C; 'utzil-'aley 

16C. 

prank Hovil 32. 

pray ch'uiv 35C; k'an-k'opoj [speak witii a 

request] 14J, 35C; k'an-k'opon 35C; 

k'opoj 35C; k'opon [speak] 14J. 35C. 

person who prays: ch'uivil 35A. 

pray aloud (as when we pray from the book 

of devotion or read): vixvon UA, 35C; 

vixvonet UA. 35C. 

pray aloud with intonation: janjonet 35C. 

pray for: k'opoj 'u'un [speak for] 14J, 35C; 

k'oponvan [speak for] 14J. 35C; Hu' 

k'opojel 'u'un [have speech for] 14J, 35C. 

pray to God: 'aptay dios [shout to God] 14J, 

15A1, 35C; 'Uc' dios [call God] 14J, 

15A1, 35C; k'opon dios [speak to God] 

14J, 15A1.35C. 

prayer 'aptayel 35C; ch'uivej 35C; k'an-k'oponel 

35C. 

preach tzitz 35C; tzitza'aj 35C; tzitzvan 35C; 

tzitzvanejeb 28C. 35C. 

preacher jtzitza'ajel 35A. 35C; jtzitzo' 35A; jtzitzvanej 3 5 A. 

preaching preaching place: tzitza'ajel, tzitzvanejeb 28C, 

35C. 

precious be precious: toj jol 27B. 

precipitately tojtoj likel 2C. 

predecessor Ha' te 'ech'e 20; Ha' te k'ex 2, 20; Ha' te 

k'extay 20. 

predict toj-ti'i [sfraight-lip] 14B5, 35F; toj-ti'i 'u'un 

35F. 

prediction give ominous prediction: *paxi 35F. 

prefect jch'akel 16E, 20. 

prefer ba'yin 16D; ba'yitas 16D; labbey 16D; labtas 

16D. 

pregnant kolo' [wicked] 14, 18A, 18C. 

become pregnant kola'aj 18A, 18C. 

pregnant woman: kola'al 'antz 18A, 18C; 

yaya 'antz 18A, 18C. 

pregustation 'a'ibeyel ve'el 'ojov 8D, 23A4. 

prelacy 'ajvalel 35B. 

prelate 'ojov 35A; 'ojov padre 15A1, 35A; 'ojov ta 

padreU 15A1, 35A; ba padre 15A1, 35A; 

jchabiomal-padre 15Al, 35A. 

premise indication or premise (for making a guess): 

na'-tzaiabU U; na'obU 11. 

prepare pas 2, lOA; tojobes 2. lOA; tojobtas 2. lOA. 

prepare in advance: ba'yijes 2, lOA. 

prepare oneself: meltzaj 2, 10A; pas ba 2, 

lOA. 

presence 'ichon 7D; bail 7D; satil [eye or face] 7D, 

14B2. 

do in one's presence: ta sat pas 7D. 

present k'eelU IOC; k'elan IOC. 

present that is given: motonil IOC, 27. 

send present in return: pak moton 9B, IOC, 

27. 

press bet'an 9D; pitz' 9D; pitz'obU 9D. 

olive oil press: juch'obU aceituna 9D, 15A11, 

22C. 

press down on: katz'an 9D. 

pressed be pressed: bet'ey 9D. 

presume muk' cha'ley ba [pretend to be big] 14F1, 

16K. 16N; toy ba [raise oneself] 14. 16K, 

16N. 

presumption muk' cha'ley-bail 16K, 16N; toy-bail 16K, 

16N; toyob-baU 16K. 16N. 

presumptuous presumptuous person: jmuk cha'ley bail 

16Q; jtoy-baU 16Q. 

pretend cha'ley ba 16N; k'opuk 'oy [have words] 

14J. 16N; naka 'al ba 16N; naka tal 

k'opuk [just come with words] 14J. 16N; 

pak'tay 16N; p'is ba 16N; Ha' 16N. 

pretend to be: 'elov cha'ley ba [pretend to 

be its face] 14B2, 16N. 

pretend to be someone else: cha'ley ba "elov 

16N. 

pretend to eat: maxil-ve' [monkey eat] 14Al, 

16N, 23A4. 

pretend to go: maxil-bat [monkey go] 14Al, 

16N. 

pretend to kiU: maxil-mU 16N, 18E, 21A. 

pretend to scold: maxU-'Uin 16N. 

pretend to sleep: kuUI-vay 7F, 16N; maxilvay 7F, 16N. 

pretender jpak'tayej 16N. 

pretext on the pretext of: tzatza 16N. 

prettiness lekil 16R; t'ujumal 16R. 

pretty 'utz 16R; *'ulubalal 16R; ch'ulul 16R; 

ch'ululch'ulul ba 16R; lek 16R; lek 'ilel 

16R; t'ujum 16R; t'ujum 'ilel 16R. 

be pretty: 'utz 'ilel 16R; x'ulubalal 'ilel 16R. 

sound pretty: 'utz 'a'i 8C, 16R; 'utz 'a'iel 

8C, 16R. 

prevent prevent person from doing something good 
438 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

price 

prick 

priest 

primogeniture 

prince 

princedom 

princess 

print 

printed 

printer 

printing 

privilege 

or bad: pajes 17; sa'bey 'olonton [search 

one's heart] 14B6. 

ch'ak tojol 27B; jak' tojol 27B; nop ta 27B; 

nop tojol 27B; nopbey tojol 27B; tojolil 

27B. 

agree on a price: nop tojol 27B. 

faU in price: 'ech'olaj 27B; yal tojol 27B. 

figure out a price: nop tojol 27B. 

price tag (sign that purchase price has been 

agreed upon): lUctzanabil 11 A, 27B. 

raise tiie price of: jalajes 27B; muyes tojol 

2TB. 

rise in price: muy tojol 27B; p'il tojol 27B; 

toy tojol 27B. 

set a price: ch'ak tojobU 27B; ch'ak tojol 

27B. 

settie on a price: 'ak' chon 27B; 'ak' ta 

chonel 27B. 

with price set ch'akbU tojol 27B. 

with tiie price raised: jalajesbil 27B. 

Jul 9E. 

jchabi-ch'u [God guardian] 14,35A; jchabiejch'u 35A; ch'uul vinik 35A; jch'uulxanbal [he who lives or walks in holiness] 

14, 35A; padre 15A1, 35A; sacerdote 

15A1. 35A. 

Ha' yal ta pop ta tz'omol tot [he who 

descends to his father's mat and stool] 

14,16E, 18E. 

ba nich'on 'ojov 16E, 18C, 20; nich'on 'ojov 

16E, 18C, 20. 

be prince of the whole world: vinkilelbil 

kotol 'osU 'u'un 16E, 20. 

prince of the world: 'alantasej kotol 'osU 

16E, 20; 'ajvaUnbil ta kotol 'osil 16E, 20; 

'ojov kotol 'osU 16E, 20; 'ojov ta kotol 

16E, 20; 'ojovinbil ta kotol 'osil 16E, 20. 

princedom of the world: 'ajvalel kotol 'osil 

19, 20; 'ajvalel ta kotol 'osU 19, 20; 

joUnej kotol 'osil 19, 20. 

ba 'antzU nich'on 'ojov 16E, 18C, 20. 

'och 'u'un ta tak'in UA; tz'ibay ta tak'in 

UA. 

tz'ibaybU ta tak'in 11 A. 

be printed: 'och ta tak'in UA. 

j'otesej Hun ta tak'in 11 A. 27A; jtz'ibay Hun 

ta tak'in UA, 27A. 

tz'ibayab Hun UA, 27. 

printing press: tz'ibajeb tak'in UA; tz'ibajebal tak'in UA. 

takiej 'ojov 16C; Hun 'ojov [lord's paper] 

14, 16C. 

person who has been granted a privilege: 

'aboltaybU vinUc lOB, 16C; jchabiej 

pnvy 

prize 

proceed 

procession 

proclaim 

procm-e 

prodigal 

prodigality 

produce 

profit 

profitable 

progress 

proUx 

prologue 

prolonged 

promise 

promised 

pronounce 

pronunciation 

proof 

prop 

proper 

'aboltayabil Hun lOB. 16C; takibU vinUc 

lOB. 16C. 

tza'nabil 28D1; tza'nabU na 28D1; na tzo' 

28D1. 

'aboltayel 16C. 

batz'itay 2; tzutz 'u'un 2; xik'an 2; xik'ey 2. 

joyijel [waUcing in a cfrcle] 9A1, 14, 35C; 

joyijel xanbal 9A1, 35C; procesion 9A1, 

15A1,35C. 

'aptay U; 'avan U. 

procure by one means or anotiier: 'esomaj 

lOB. 

prodigal person: jch'ay bel na 16P; jlajesel 

bel na [he who uses up the contents of his 

house] 14, 16R 

ch'ayel bel nail 16P; lajesel bel nail 16P. 

produce witii (corn, fruit): 'utz 'ayan 26, 

27B. 

*'elo 27B: 'esomaj 27B; jelaveb 27B; 

p'ilemal 27B. 

make a profit 'elmaj 27B; 'eUnaj p'olmal 

27B; 'ep tzak 27B; tojolin 'u'un 27B; 

vinaj 'u'un 27B. 

profit by: 'a'i 27B. 

be profitable: 'elmaj yo' 'oy 27B; 'oy jelaveb 

'ich' 27B; 'oy p'ilemal 'ich' 27B; lok' 

yo' 'oy 27B. 

make progress: batz'itay 16C; tzutz 'u'un 

16C; laj 'u'un 16C; lajes 16C; xik'an 11, 

16C; xUc'ey 16C. 

natU, 12. 

jol k'op [head of tiie word] U. 14B1, 14J; 

kajeb Hun UA. 

be prolonged: natij 2. 

'ak' k'op [give one's word] 14J, 16D; 'al 

[say] 14J, 16D; 'al ta ti' [say witii one's 

mouth or lips] 14B5, 14J, 16D; Hap ti' 

[have one's lips swear] 14B5, 16D; Hap 

ti'il 16D; Hapbey k'op 16D. 

break one's promise: pak'tay 16N. 

break one's promise or word: mu k'ot k'op 

[one's word does not arrive] 14J, 16N. 

carry out one's promise: pas te k'op [do 

one's word] 14J, 16D. 

Hap-ti'bU 16D. 

lok'es ta ti' 11; sutejes ta ti' [return in one's 

lips or mouth] U. 14B5. 

lok'esvanej ta ti'U U; sutejesvanej ta ti'U 11. 

'a'iel 11.16D. 

prop up (grapevine): 'ipajes 26; xok'i 26. 

prop up by putting stick or stone underneatii: 

xoney IB, 28. 

wooden prop: xoneyabU te' 28. 

lek 'oy 16A, 16C, 16R; nup 'oy 16A, 16C, 
NUMBER 31 439 

16R. 

be proper: tojol 'oy 16A, 16C, 16R. 

property 'ayUc'leUl 15C, 27; *'ichinal 27; bel na 27; 

p'oUnal 27; p'oUnalil 27. 

prophecy 'il tun [see tiiat it is needed] 141, 35F. 

person's prophecy: k'inal 35F. 

prophecy given: toj-ti'ivanej IOC. 35F. 

prophecy received: toj-ti'iel lOB, 35F. 

prophesied toj-ti'ibil 35F. 

prophesy k'inij [mark tiie day] 14, 35F; toj-ti'i [be 

straight-lipped or moutiied] 14B5. 35F; 

toj-ti'ivan 35F. 

prophesy anotiier's fate: k'intay 35F. 

prophet profeta 15A1. 16C. 35F; jti'iej-k'op [moutiier of words] 14B5, 14J, 16C, 35F; jtoj 

ti'iej k'op [mouther of su-aight words] 

14J, 16C, 35F; jtoj-ti'iel 16C, 35F; 

jtoj-ti'ivanej 16C. 35F. 

(male or female): j'alal-k'op [word-sayer] 

14J, 16C, 35F. 

false prophet jpak'tayej-profeta 15Al, 16N, 

35F. 

proposal k'op [word] 13B, 14J; ti' 13B. 

propose propose wiUingly: 'ak' 'olonton [give one's 

heart] 13B, 14B6, 16C; 'ak' ta 'olonton 

13B, 16C; jak' ta 'olonton [ask with one's 

heart] 13B, 14B6, 16C. 

prosperity 'utzibel 27; 'utzU 27; ch'ulelajel 27. 

prosperous toj 'utz 16C, 27; toj nopbil 16C, 27. 

be prosperous: 'oy ch'ulel ta pasel [do with 

soul or luck] 14B7,16C, 27; nopbilnopbU 

pas [do tiioughtfuUy] 14, 16C, 27. 

prosfrate prostrate self: patan ba 7D, 16F, 35C; patey 

7D, 16F, 35C. 

protect koles 9C, 16A. 

(with body or shield): mak-pati 7D, 21E2. 

protected protected by the lord: tojol 35C. 

protection commit oneself to anotiier's protection: tzoy 

ba [tether oneself] 14, 16D; jok'an ba 

[hang oneself] 14, 16D; likan ba [hang 

oneself] 14, 16D. 

protege be tiie protege of a lord: jalaltasbil 16A, 

16D. 20; jalaltaybU 16A. 16D, 20. 

profruding kalz'atz'tUc 3. 

(adobes or stones in ill-made wall): bet'et'Uc 

1B.3,28D1. 

proud become proud: muk' cha'leybil [pretending 

to be big] 14F1.16Q. 

provable batz'ijesel ta j'ilojel [making real by the seer] 

141, 17. 

be provable: Hu' na'el 17. 

prove prove with a witness: 'elmaj j'ilojel 'u'un 

8F, 20A; batz'itay ta j'Uojel 8F, 20A. 

provide 'elmajes IOC, 16A, 19A, 21D, 27; vinajes 

IOC, 16A, 19A, 21D. 27. 

provide clothes, food and lodging: mak'lin 

IOC. 16A, 19A,21D,27, 31. 

provide fon tz'akubtas IOC, 16A, 19A, 21D, 

27. 

provide for person in want: makbey me'anal 

IOC, 16A, 19A, 21D, 27. 

provider j'ayanajesvanej IOC, 16A, 19A, 27; j'elmajesvanej IOC, 16A, 19A, 27. 

province j-tek ta 'osil [a piece of land] 12A, 14E, 19; 

j-tek ta lumal [a piece of land] 12A, 14E. 

19; j-tek ta vinUc 12A, 19; j-tos ta vinUc 

12A, 19. 

provision make provision: makal 'a'i 16C; makal 'aloj 

16C; muk'ta-'ich'van 16C; muk'ta-ye 

16C. 

provisions *naitzil 23A. 

provoke k'ak'ubes [heat up] 14G, 16H, 20A. 

provoked k'ak'ubesbil 16H, 20A. 

provoker jk'ak'ubesvanej 16H, 20A. 

prudence belel tza [tiie road to cleverness] 14C. 16C; 

belel tzaijel 16C; tza 16C; tojol 'olonton 

[su-aight heart] 14B6. 16C; tojol tza 16C; 

tojol tzaijel 16C. 

prudent be prudent at work or in business: *'akan-

'oltay 16C, 27. 

prudent person: j'at-'olonton [heart counter] 

14B6,16C; jbelel-tza 16C; jbelel-tzainom 

16C; jtojol-tza 16C; jtojol-tzainom 16C. 

treat dUigentiy or pmdentiy: 'ak' ta 'olonton 

'u'un [put in one's heart because of it] 

14B6, 16C. 

k'abay lOD, 26; lok'esbey k'ob [take off tiie 

arms] lOD. 14B10. 26. 

pruned part k'okbenal lOD. 26. 

jk'abayvanej 26A; jk'okvanej 26A. 

pry into: jak' 9E. 

pry into others' affafrs: jak' mul [ask about 

one's sin] 14.16N; jak' pasnej [ask about 

one's deeds] 14. 16N; nach'itayvan 16N. 

pry into others' affafrs watching where they 

go: nach'itay 8F. 16N. 

pubUc na'ot 20. 

be public: vinaj 20. 

publican jvayantasvanej 19 A. 27 A; jvayijesvanej 19 A. 

27A. 

publication publication of town crien 'ov 8C1. UA. 

pubUsh puk UA; puk 'a'yejal UA; puk k'op UA; 

vinajes UA. 

publish aloud: k'eyojin UA. 

pucker pucker up (as when sewing shrinks): *tziikli 

3, 8E. 31A. 

puckered tzukbil 3; tzuktzuk 3. 

puddle tz'anal Ho' IC. 

prune 

pruned 

pmner 

pry 
440 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

puffed puffed up (chicken): ta tz'ablej 6G. 

puffed-lipped t'ocho-ti' 7C. 

be puffed-Upped (insult): t'ochel ti' 7C. 16H. 

pull Chech 9D; kil 9D. 

pull out: bul 9D; vajajtUc lok'es 9D. 

pull out (hafr. featiiers): tul 6F. 9D. 

pull out (object without roots, pole, stake): 

botz' 9D. 28. 

pull out by the roots (as radishes, carrots, 

without digging): bul 9D, 26. 

pull out leaving no frace: bulan 9D. 

pull tiie hafr out of: bul 9D. 

pull up easily (as when they weed the 

garden): jotzan 9D, 26; jotz' 9D, 26. 

with pUers: lotz' 9D. 

pullet tzebal tuluk' 6B2; ch'iom tuluk' 6B2. 

pulley setet te' 26B. 

pulpit tzitza'ajebal 35B; yo' 'oy Hu' tzitzo' 35B. 

pulque 'a'iel chi 23B; pamal chi 23B. 

pulse ch'ich' 7B; p'ilp'on ch'ich' 7E. 

punch voloj k'ob maj 9D; yalel 21C. 

punctiu-e Jul 9E. 

punctured julbil 9E. 

punish 'ak'bey 'U vokol [make see difficulty] 141, 

21C; 'ak'bey vokol 21C; 'U vokol 'u'un 

[see difficulty because of] 141, 21C; tzitz 

21C; yaijes 21C. 

punished tzitzbU 21C; yaijesbil 21C. 

be punished: 'U vokol 21C. 

punisher j'ak'-vokol 21C; jtzitzvanej 21C; jyaijesvanej 21C. 

punishment 'ak'beyel vokol 21C; tzitzel 21C; tzitzvanej 

21C; chabajel 21C; ch'akel 21C; tojel 

21C. 

be sentenced to corporal punishment: majey 

la21C. 

corporal punishment tojel 21C. 

pupU (eye): ch'ulel satil [soul of tiie eye] 7A, 

14B7. 

puppy bik'tal tz'i' 6A2. 

piu-chase manojel 27. 

corn purchase: 'ekel 26, 27; man-'ixim 26, 

27. 

outbid at purchase: toy tojol 27. 

purchase of small objects in small amounts: 

tiUcu-man 12, 27. 

secure the purchase in competition: k'ex ta 

pure manel 27. 

batz'i 16A; tzeel 16A; kuxul 16A; mo 'oyuk 

kap 8G; toj t'ujum 16A; Ha' no 'ox 8G. 

purely batz'i t'abel 16A; batz'i t'abeluk 16A; 

kuxluk 16A; kuxul 16A. 

purgatory chamebal 18E. 35C; purgatorio 15A1, 18E, 

35C. 

purge 

purged 

purifier 

purify 

purity 

purple 

piupose 

pursue 

pursued 

pursuer 

pursuit 

pus 

push 

pushed 

pussy 

pustule 

put 

quadrant 

quail 

quantity 

quarrel 

(where one's sins are paid for after this Ufe): 

'ox-kajal na ta chamebal [tiiree story 

house in the place of deatii] 14, 18E, 

35C; tojob mulil 18E. 35C. 

'et'esabU chamel pox 34; tza'an 34; tza'tayabU 

chamel pox 34; pok 34; pokobil 34; pox 

34; tojobtas 34. 

piu-ge well: *ep tz'i'ley ba 34. 

be purged: 'uch' tza'tayabU chamel pox 34; 

'uch' pox 34; kech ch'ut 34, 

ch'ulobU 22E. 

ch'ul 22E; pok 22E. 

purify by cooking, as sugar: mas 23A3, 

batz'U 16A; kuxlej 16A; ta 'olonton 16A, 

yax-cho 8F1. 

'ak'el ta 'olonton [putting in one's heart] 

14B6, 

pursue closely: tek' 9A1; tek'van 9A1, 

pursue enemies: tz'ak-pati 9A1, 21E; nutz 

9A1, 21E, 

nutzbU 9A1. 

nakbal 9A1; nakmal 9A1; jnutz vanej 9A1. 

nakavel 9A1; nakbal 9A1; nakel 9A1; 

nakvanej 9A1; nutzel 9A1; nutzvanej 

9A1. 

object of pursuit nutzoj 9A1. 

k'a'al 7B, 33; pojov 7B. 33; pojoval 7B, 33, 

squeeze out pus: pitz' lok'el pojov 7B, 34. 

xij 9D; takultay 9D, 

(as when they push or lift a beam): xij 9D, 28, 

(as when they push the door open or closed): 

net' 9D. 28. 

push in with one's feet tUc' 7E. 9D, 

push out of one's place: valk'un 4. 9D, 

xijbil 9D. 

object tiiat is pushed: xijoj 9D, 

become pussy: pojovin 33. 

t'elel 33, 

become blemished with pustules: t'eley 33. 

form a pustule: ta vajlej 'ayan 33; vajey 33. 

'ak' 9B; 'ak'van 9B. 

be put in: 'och 9B. 

put in: 'otes 9B; 'otesbil 9B. 

put in many places: 'ep ta jech 'ak' 9B; jUom 

'ak' 9B. 

chan-xuk'esabil 12, 26B, 28B. 

kuich' 6B1. 

quantity of books: 'epal tz'albU Hun UA, 12. 

'iUn 20A; 'ut 20A; bik'tal 'il 20A; bUc'tal 

jatal [small quarrel] 14F2, 20A; bik'tal 
NUMBER 31 441 

quarteler 

quarrelsome 

quamer 

quarry 

quarter 

queen 

question 

questioning 

quick 

quickly 

quickly! 

quiet 

quietiy 

quiU 

quince 

quiver 

k'opk'onel [small noisy taUc] 13A, 14F2, 

20A; jataj 20A; jatan 20A; k'opk'onel 

13A, 20A. 

j'ipal-'osU [he of much time] 14E, 16H, 

20A; j^ipal-k'op [he of many words] 14C, 

14J, 16H, 20A; j'ipal-ti' [he of many lips 

or moutiis] 14B5,14C, 16H, 20A, 

'ip k'ak'al [very hot] 14C, 14G, 16H. 20A; 

•ip lek'-ti'il [much lip-Ucking] 14B5, 

14C, 16H, 20A. 

be quarrelsome: 'ip ti' 'ok' [one's tongue 

eats a lot] 14B5,16H, 20A. 

quarrelsome person: j'il 16H. 20A; jbUc'taljaial 16H,20A; jjatal 16H.20A;jk'opk'onel 

[noisy talker] 14J. 16H. 20A. 

jlok'esej-ton 28A. 

'anob tontik IB, 28E; jok'ob ton IB. 28E; 

lok'eb ton IB. 28E; lok'esab ton IB. 

28E; vinajeb ton IB. 28E. 

four quarters (mutton): chan-jechel 6F. 12A; 

chan-jekel 6F. 12A. 

quarter of a sheep: j-jech 6F. 12A; j-jek 6F. 

12A. 

x'ojov 16E. 18C, 20; xep 16E, 18C. 20. 

jak'beyel U; jak'el U; jak'ob k'op U; 

jak'obU U; jak'vanej U; jotz'-k'optay 

U; joy-k'optay U. 

extract information by indfrect questioning 

and close examination: lok'esbey tajotz'-

k'optayel U. 

questioning on tiie rack: jak'obU ta xuk'ul 

k'opll.21C. 

questioning under torture: jak'beyel ta k'uxul 

k'op U. 21C; k'uxul k'op [painful words] 

11.14J.21C. 

julan 2C. 

sob 2C; sobsobuk 2C; t'abeluk 2C; va'luk 

no 'ox 2C, 

make person do sometiiing quickly: 'ak' 

sobuk pas 2C. 

sobuk 2C. 

be quiet: ch'an chi 8C; ch'an-chi 8C, 

k'unk'un 8C, 

tz'ibajebal k'uk'um 6F, 11 A; jotzbil k'uk'um 

6F, UA; jomjom k'uk'um 6F, UA; 

k'uk'um 6F,11 A. 

membrillo 5B, 15A10, 

quince preserve: pamal membriUos 15A10, 

23 Al. 

quince tree: te'el membrillo 5B, 15A10. 

quinces baked under the ashes: muk-tanibU 

membrillo 15A10, 23A3. 

chu'uy yolobU 21E2. 

rabbit 

rabid 

rabies 

race 

racetiack 

radiance 

radiant 

radish 

rafter 

rag 

rage 

ragged 

railing 

rain 

rainbow 

raincape 

raindrop 

rainstorm 

rainy 

raise (1) 

raise (2) 

R 

t'ul6Al. 

person who dazes rabbits: jtup'beyej sat t'ul 

24. 

young rabbit 'ol t'ul 6A1; bUc'tal t'ul 6A1. 

become rabid: tz'i'U-k'ak'ub [become doggishly hot] 14A2,14G, 33. 

tz'i'U k'ak'al 33; k'ak'al tz'i' [hot dog] 

14A2, 14G, 33. 

'anU 32B. 

racefrack where they mn: 'anUajebal 32B. 

japetel 8F; tiletel 8F. 

be radiant: 'ip tajley yan 8F; 'ip tilet 8F. 

rabanos 5B. 

tz'am te' 28D. 

k'a'-pok'31; k'a'al pok'31, 

cleaning rag: kusobU 22E. 

rag dealen jchon-pano 15A4, 27A, 31; 

jp'olmajel 27A, 31, 

'U 'olonton [anger of one's heart] 14B6, 

16H; tzajal 16H; ch'ach'onel 16H; k'ak'al 

[heat] 14G, 16H; k'ak'al 'olonton 16H; 

k'ak'ubel [heating up] 14G, 16H; k'ak'ubel 

'olonton [heat of one's heart] 14B6,14G, 

16H; vokanel 'olonton [boUing of one's 

heart] 14B6,16H, 

ragged person: jk'a'al-k'u' 21D, 

stone raiUng: chikin ton 28D1, 

wooden railing: chikin te' 28D1. 

yal Ho' IC; Ho' IC, 

constant rain: 'ip Ho' IC, 2; 'ipal Ho' IC, 

2; toj 'ip Ho' IC, 2. 

constant rain for many days: *votol Ho' IC, 

2. 

cool rain: sUc-Ho' IC, 8A. 

rain witii big drops: p'aj Ho' IC; p'ajlajet 

Ho' IC. 

use palm leaf rain cover: 'axiban IC, 9C; 

'axibin IC. 9C. 

me' k'inabal [mother of drizzle] lA, IC, 

14H. 

(woven palm leaves they carry for when it 

rains): 'axibal IC, 31C. 

p'ajp'aj IC. 

'ipal Ho' IC; 'omel IC. 

Ho'tUcil IC. 

rainy season, spring: bulbux IC, 2B. 

muyes 9B; toy 9B; va'an 9B. 

raise in order to take out from under: sabajes 

9B. 

raise the poor or downbeaten: jetobtay 2ID; 

latz'apuy 2ID. 

(child, dog, horse): tz'itas 18B, 25; ch'itas 
442 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

raised 

raisin 

raising 

rake (1) 

rake (2) 

ram 

rammer 

rancid 

rank 

rape 

raped 

rapist 

rascal 

rascality 

rasher 

ration 

rattle 

rattlesnake 

raven 

ravine 

18B,25. 

(chUdren, horses): mak'lin 18B, 25. 

muyesbil 9B; toj va'aluk 9B; toybil 9B; toyol 

9B. 

k'ibU tz'usub 5B, 23Al; takin tz'usub 5B, 

23A1. 

toyel 9B. 

mulavil ch'iom kelem 16P. 

jotz'ob 26B; jotz'obU 26B. 

ram in with a rammer or long object as a 

lance or stick: xen 9D. 

xenob tak'in 9D; xenob te' 9D; xenobil 9D. 

rammer (witii which to ram or wound): tenob 

te' 9D, 21E2. 

•majmaj 'Uc' 8D. 

be elevated in rank: muk'ub 16C, 20; toy 

16C, 20. 

entrust one's office or rank to another: va'i 

k'exol 16D, 20. 

entrust one's rank to another: va'an k'exol 

[stand up one's substitute] 14, 16D, 20. 

high rank: toyol 'ak'el 16C, 20; toyol 

'ak'vanej 16C. 20. 

lose rank: 'iktay lOD. 16L. 20; 'ilan 'ajvalel 

lOD. 16L. 20; 'ul lOD. 16L. 20; bik'taj 

[grow smaU] lOD, 14F2, 16L, 20; tup' 

[extinguish] lOD, 14, 16L, 20. 

person raised to high rank: jelel vinik 16C, 

20; toybil vinik 16C, 20; toyol vinik 16C, 

20. 

raise one's rank: p'iles 16C, 20. 

renounce one's rank: komes 'ajvalel lOD, 20, 

tzajal-poch'i [stmggle redly] 14D1, 18C, 

21A; pojbU cha'ley 18C, 21A; poch'i 

18C. 21A; poch'ibU cha'ley 18C, 21A; 

poj 18C. 21 A. 

tzajal poch'ibU 18C, 21A. 

be raped: tzajal pojbU cha'leat 18C, 21A; 

pojbU cha'leyat 18C. 21A; poch'ibU 

cha'leat 18C. 21A. 

jtzajal poch'i 'antz 18C. 21A; jtzajal poj 

'antz [red woman snatcher] 14D1. 18C. 

21A. 

Hovil vinik 16R 

Hovil 16R 

rasher of bacon: j-jov tocino 12A, 15A9, 

23A2. 

Ch'akbU ve'el 23A. 

daUy ration: lekoj ve'el taju-jun k'ak'al 12, 

23A. 

chUol 32A1; chilol tak'in 32A1. 

'ajav chon 6C. 

(as those in Spain): joj 6B1. 

deep ravine: natil ch'en IB. 

rocky ravine: tonil IB. 

witii many ravines: laal *Hopolil IB; 

•HopHoptik IB. 

raw tze 23A. 

razor navaja 15A5, 26B. 

reach ta9Al. 

reached object tiiat is being reached: taoj 9B. 

reaching insuiiment for reaching object: taobil 9B, 

26B. 

read 'U Hun UA, 

read to the end: sut 'u'un UA, 

reader j'il-Hun UA, 

readied tzatzajesbU 2, lOA, 

ready pasbU 2, lOA. 

get ready: tzatzajes ba 2, lOA; pas ba 2, lOA. 

person who is ready: ch'albil vinUc 2, lOA, 

16C. 

reality batz'i k'op [real word] U, 14J. 

tmtii: batz'U U. 

ream j-lotz sakU Hun UA, 12A; resma UA, 12, 

15A3. 

reap reap wheat luk 26. 

reaper jlukvanej 26A. 

reason *a'yej U; tzitza'aj U; k'alal U. 

give reason fon 'a'i U, 

reasonable p'isol k'op [measured word] U, 14J. 

(anger): 'oy belel 16H. 

reasonableness be reasonable: p'isol 'oy 16C. 

tojol k'op [straight word] 14J, 16C. 

reasoning enigmatic reasoning: lut'Uanbil k'op [basted 

words] U, 14J. 

make a muddle of reasoning: lut'lut'-k'opoj 

[speak and jump about] 14J. 16L. 

rebellious become rebellious: toy ba 16K. 2IE. 

rebelliousness toy-baU 16K. 21E. 

rebound juyemal 9F. 

(blade): juyp'ij 'e [have its mouth or toodi 

rebound] 9F. 14B5, 21E2. 

(witii tiie blade turning): juy 'e 9A1. 21E2. 

make blade rebound and twist tz'otp'inbey 

'e 9F. 21E2. 

make rebound: tz'otp'in 9F. 21E2; juybey 

'e 9F. 21E2; juyp'in 9F. 21E2; juyp'in 'e 

9F. 21E2; juyp'inbey 'e 9F. 21E2. 

rebound with blade turning: tz'otp'ij 9F. 

21E2; tz'otp'ij 'e 9F, 21E2. 

rebuff mo 'utzuk 'a'i 16K; paj 16K. 

recaU na' 11. 

recant valak pat k'opoj [speak backwards] 14J, 

35C; valak-patij k'op 35C; valak-patij ti' 

[have one's lips or moutii go backwards] 

UBS, 14J, 35C; valak-patin k'op 35C; 

valak-patin ti' 35C. 

recantation valak-patinel k'op 35C; valak-patinel ti'U 
NUMBER 31 443 

recanter 

receive 

received 

receiver 

recent 

recentiy 

reception 

reclaim 

recognition 

recognize 

recommend 

recompense 

reconcile 

reconciled 

recovered 

recreation 

recuperate 

recuperation 

red 

redden 

35C. 

jvalak pat k'op 35A, 

'ich' lOB. 

receive or welcome visiton nup lOB, 16D, 

19A, 

be received or welcomed with great pomp: 

toj 'utz nupey lOB, 16D, 19A, 

jnupol lOB. 

'ach' 2; 'ach' to 2; yaxal [blue-green] 2, 

14D2. 

'ach' 2; 'ach' to 2; j-'ok' to 2; U'U' to 2; mu 

vo'neyiUc 2. 

nupol lOB, 19A. 

cha'-k'opoj [speak twice] lOB, 14J; cha'-

lUces k'op [reinu-oduce word] lOB, 14J. 

'ojtakinvanej 8F, U. 

recognition of person: 'ojtakinel 8F, U. 

'ojtakin 8F, U; 'ojtakinvan 8F, U; chak 'oy 

'il 'a'i [feel as if one has seen] 8F, U, 

14C. 141; juteb 'ojtakin 8F. U; juteb 

na'bey ba 8F. U; juteb tam sat 8F. 11. 

k'oponbey 16A, 16D. 

'ak' pakol 'aboltayel IOC, 27; pak 'aboltayel 

IOC. 27; pakbey 'aboltayel 'u'un IOC, 

27; pakbey 'utzil IOC, 27; pakol lOB, 27; 

pakol 'aboltayvanej lOB, 27, 

lamtzajes 16D, 20A; paktzajes 16D, 20A; 

paktzan 16D. 20A, 

be reconciled: laanej 'olonton [have one's 

heart be lame] 14B6, 16D. 20A; pas ba 

16D. 20A; Hul 'olonton ta tojol [have 

one's heart come to] 14B6,16D. 20A. 

recovered object: tamol lOB; tamolajel lOB, 

'et'esej 'osil [time-passer] 14E. 32; 'utzibel 

32; lo'U 32; maxU [monkeyness] 14A1. 

32. 

amuse oneself with recreation: va'et 32. 

'utz'utz 'a'i 34; yamaj 34. 

'UtzU 34. 

tzojtzoj 8F1; k'an-^'opan 8F1; k'an-'oban 

8F1. 

(bald pate, metal on the forge): chak-lupan 

7C. 8F1. 29. 

(chUi or blood): chak-loman 5B. 7B, 8F1, 

23A. 

(hafr): k'an-tzikan 7C, 8F1. 

(sky at dawn or dusk): chak-^jutan 2A, 8F1. 

bright red: batz'i tzoj 8F1. 

make red: tzajubes 8F1; tzajubtas 8F1. 

tzajub 8F1; tzajub 'u'un 8F1; tzajubes 8F1; 

tzajubtas 8F1; tzojtzoj 'ayan 8F1. 

(chiU or blood): chak-lomtay 5B, 7B. 8F1, 

23A. 

(sky at dawn or dusk): chak-^juttay 2A, 8F1. 

reddishness 

redo 

reduced 

reed 

reflective 

reform 

reformed 

refresh 

refreshed 

refreshing 

refreshment 

refuge 

refund 

refuse 

region 

register 

registered 

regret 

rein 

reins 

reject 

rejoice 

relapse 

related 

relationship 

relative 

tzajal 8F1. 

cha'-pas lOA. 

be reduced to: lok' 2ID. 

'aj 5A; chanib [four] 5A, 14. 

(with which they make petates): puj 5A, 22B. 

reed field: 'ajtUc 5A; ch'ieb 'aj 5A. 

reflective person: j'at-'olonton [heart counter] 14B6, 16C. 

meltzajel 'olontonil [making of tiie heart] 

14B6; sut 'olonton [have one's heart 

return] 14B6; sutejes xanbal 16A; sutel 

'olontonU 16A; ta tojol 'u'un 16A; tojob 

16A; tojobes 16A; tojobtas 16A. 

sutesbil xanbal 16A; tojobtasbU 16A. 

be reformed: tojob 16A. 

laanej 'osil [time-calmer] lA, 14E; sUcubes 

lA. 

be refreshed: k'un-sikub lA; sUcub lA. 

be refreshed by: laanej 'u'un lA. 

be refreshing (cold water): laaet 'uch'et IC, 

8A. 

'et'esab 'osil [time-passer] 14E, 23A; laanejesabU 23A. 

jinebal 21E; kolebal 21E. 

take refuge: koltay ba 21E. 

take refuge in the church: koltay ba 21E, 

35C. 

'ak' k'exol IOC. 27. 

mo tak' 16K; paj 16K. 

'osU 19. 

'atob bul UA. 12, 20; 'atob vinik UA, 12, 

20; 'otes bul ta Hun UA, 12, 20; 

meltzajesabU lok'ob UA, 12, 20. 

be registered: 'och ta Hun UA, 12, 20. 

k'uxub 'olonton [have one's heart hiut] 

14B6, 16J; yanij 'olonton [have one's 

heart disguise itself] 14B6.16J. 

rein in a horse: 'olantas 9A1. 25; ch'anantas 

9A1. 25; laanejes 9A1. 25. 

'ak'U freno 15A9. 25B; nukul freno 15A9. 

25B; rienda 15A9, 25B. 

mo 'utzuk 'a'i 16H; paj 16H. 

'utzib 16B; muib 16B; muib 'osU 'a'i [feel 

time growing fragrant] 14E, 16B; t'ujumaj 

16B. 

have a relapse: cham cha'-'atel 33; nipaj 33. 

closely related: nap'al 18F. 

blood relationship: 'ibel [root] 14,18F; chi'U 

k'el 'oy 18F; chojol 18F; lUcebal 18F; talel 

18F; tasal 18F; valal 18F. 

'alal 18F; nap'al 18F; nochol 18F. 

be a close relative of: 'utz' ba 18F. 

close relative (descended from a single stock 

or Uneage): 'utz' 18F. 
444 

relax 

relaxed 

relent 

reUc 

reUgion 

reUquary 

reluctantiy 

remain 

remedy 

remember 

remembered 

remind 

remove 

removed 

renegade 

rennet 

renounce 

renovate 

rent 

rented 

repair 

'ich' 'olonton [receive one's heart] 14B6. 

16B. 16G. 32; ch'an chi 16B. 16G. 32; 

yamaj 16B. 16G. 32. 

machachal 16B. 16G. 32. 

be relaxed: nakal 'olonton 16B. 16G. 32. 

make person relent k'asbey 'olonton [break 

one's heart] 14B6, 16M; sa'bey 'olonton 

[search one's heart] 14B6.16M. 

reUc of saint ch'uul komenalU 35D; komenal santo 15A1. 35D. 

'utzU xanbal [good Ufe or walk] 14. 35C; 

ch'uul xanbal [holy life or walk] 14. 35C. 

false religion: pak'tayej ch'uul xanbal 16N. 

35F, 

chabiabU ch'uul komenalU 35B; nak'obU 

ch'uul komenal santo 15A1. 35B, 

mu ta jamuk 16K; ta valak-pat [behind] 

MBS. 16K, 

kom 4. 

'utzintas 34; makel 34; tojobtas 34. 

na' U; tam ta 'olonton [pick up in one's 

heart] U. 14B6; Hul ta 'olonton [return 

to one's heart] U. 14B6, 

be sure to remember to have someone do 

something good or bad: na'u U, 

person to be remembered for doing something: na'uej 11.20, 

remember frequently: tam ta 'olonton 2, U. 

remembered object: na'oj U, 

'ak' t'abuk ta 'olonton [have one's heart be 

persuaded] 14B6; na'bey U, 

batates lOD; jakes lOD; likes lOD; lok'es 

lOD. 

remove chiggers. mites, or thorn from one's 

flesh: luch 6E. lOD. 

remove to a greater distance: jakes lOD. 

lok'esbil lOD; lok'ol lOD. 

j'Uctayej 16K. 21E1. 

tatubtasabU chu'ul 23A2. 

renounce one's religion: 'iktay ch'uunel dios 

15A1. 35C; 'iktay dios 15A1, 35C. 

'ach' 'ayan 'u'un lOA; cha'-kuxes lOA. 

'ak' ta ch'amunel 19A, 27; 'ak' ta ch'om 

19A. 27; ch'amun 19A, 27; ch'amunabU 

19A, 27; tojoUl 19A, 27. 

apply rent: 'ak' patan 19A, 27; k'ot 'ak' 

patan 19A, 2D7; k'otic'otes patan 19A. 

27D. 

pay rent 'och patan 'u'un IOC. 19A. 27. 

rent of 1/5 of harvest 'otol 12.27. 

rent out: ch'amun 19A. 27, 

rented article: ch'om 27, 

'utz 'ayan 'u'un lOA; cha'-pas lOA; pas 

lOA. 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

(faulty consfruction): mak 10A, 28. 

(leaking roof): ch'Uc lOA, 28. 

repartimiento lekoj 19B. 20. 27. 

repay repay in kind: pak IOC. 27. 

repeat cha'-'al 13 A, 

repel nak 9D. 21E; nakav 9D. 2 IE. 

repent 'ok' 'olonton [have one's heart cry] 14B6, 

16J, 35C; bUc'taj 'olonton [have one's 

heart grow small] 14B6, 14F2. 16J. 35C; 

chibaj 'olonton [have one's heart become 

two] 14B6.16J. 35C; k'ux 'a'i [feel pain] 

14C, 16J, 35C; k'uxub 'olonton [have 

one's heart hurt] 14B6, 16J, 35C; yanij 

'olonton [have one's heart withdraw] 

14B6. 16J, 35C. 

moment when or place where one repents: 

bik'tajebal 2, 16J, 35C; tup'ebal 2, 16J, 

35C. 

repent one's sins: me'anaj 'olonton 'u'un 

mul [have one's heart be miserable over 

one's sins] 14B6,16J, 35C. 

repentance bik'tajel 'olontonU 16J, 35C; mich'el 'olonton [holding one's heart aloft] 14B6,16J, 

35C; yanijel 'olontonU 16J, 35C. 

replace 'ak' k'exol 9B; 'ak' lok'ol 9B. 

reply 'al ti' [have one's lips or mouth say] 11, 

14B5, 14J; sutejes k'op [return one's 

words] U. 14J; tak' U; tak'av U, 

reply many times: bichbonet tak'av 2, U, 

16K, 

reply shamelessly or repeatedly: bichbonet 

tak'av 2, U, 16K; jatbU 'abnal ti' tak'av 

[reply witii torn leaves of tiie mouth] 2. 

U. 14B5. 16K; jik'jonet tak'av 2. U. 

16K; ti'inej ba tak'av 2. U. 16K, 

report mel k'op [line up words] U. 14J; meltzajes 

k'op U; meltzan k'op [make or arrange 

words] U. 14J; meltzanel k'op [arrangement of words] U. 14J; melel k'op 11; 

•pochan k'op U; ta'an k'op [lay down 

words] U. 14J; ta'anel k'op U. 

report news to: jam ta chikin [open one's 

ears] U. 14B3. 14J; jambey ta chikin U, 

report that one has heard: chikin [ear] 8C1. 

U. 14B3. 14J. 

reporter (of lawsuit): j'il-Hun 20A, 

reporter who reports what he has heard or 

seen: jta'anej-k'op 8C1, 8F1,11. 

repose muibel 7F. 

represent k'eluy 16N, 30; lok'tay 16N, 30; pas lok'ob 

16N. 30; p'is 16N, 30. 

representation k'elul 16N, 30; lok'ob 16N, 30; lok'tayabU 

16N, 30. 

reproach 'ilan 16H; mo 'utzuk 'a'i 16H; paj 16H. 
NUMBER 31 

reputation 

request 

requite 

reread 

rescue 

rescuer 

reseed 

resell 

resemblance 

resemble 

reserved 

reservofr 

reside 

residence 

resident 

residing 

resin 

'a'yejlal 20; 'Uc'al 20. 

bad reputation: kola'al 'a'yejlal 20; kolo' 

'a'yejlal 20. 

desfroy one's reputation: ch'ay na'el 'u'un 

lOE. 16P, 20; ch'ay xi'el 'u'un lOE, 16P, 

20. 

have a bad reputation: vinaj kola'al 16P. 20; 

vinaj kola'al 'a'yejlal 16P, 20. 

have a good reputation: 'utz 'a'yejlal 16C, 

20; 'utzU 'a'yej 16C, 20; 'utzU 'a'yejlal 

16C, 20; vinaj 'utzil 'a'yejlal 16D, 20. 

have a reputation (particularly a bad one): 

vinaj 'a'yejlal 16P, 20, 

be granted a request: 'ak'beat lOB; takbeat 

lOB; Hu' 'u'un lOB, 

deny or refuse a request: mu tak'bey U, 

persistent or demanding request k'anojel 

lOB, 13B, 16K, 16Q, 

request imporuinately: bot'ol-k'an lOB, 13B, 

16K, 16Q. 

request repeated (witii supplications or threats): 

tzajal-k'an [request red] lOB, 13B, 14D1, 

16K. 16Q, 

pak 27. 

cha'-'U UA. 

koles 10A, 16A; koltay lOA, 16A. 

rescue of oneself: kolesel lOA. 16A. 

jkolesvanej lOA, 16A; jkoltayvanej lOA. 

16A. 

cha' lom 'av 26; cha' lom vaj 26; cha'-'av 

26; cha'-tz'un 26; cha'-vaj 26. 

lo'loyvan 27; tasvan ta p'olmal 27. 

nop-k'op [thought up word] 8G. 14J; nopbil 

k'op 8G. 

j-tektek ba 8G; j-tektek pasel 8G; jun pasel 

8G; junjun ba 8G; ko'ol ba 8G; ko'ol 

pasel 8G; lok'bey 8G; lok'bey ba 8G. 

mo jaka k'opoj 16C, 16G. 

be a reserved person: 'o'lol k'opoj [speak 

one half] 14J. 16C. 16G. 

tz'antzajeb IC. 28E; tz'antzajeb Ho' IC. 

28E; tz'anleb Ho' IC, 28E. 

k'ulebin 19A; k'uyey 19A; nain 19A; naiv 

19A; nakav 19A; nakey 19A; naklebin 

19A. 

k'ulebal 19A; k'ulej 19A; naklebal 19A; 

naklej 19A. 

change residence: k'ex-nai 19A; k'ex-naij 

19A; k'ex-naijel 19A; lik 19A; likes 19A. 

k'ulej 19A; jnaklej 19A. 

populator (as the Spaniards say they are the 

populators of this land): jk'ulej 19A. 

nakal 19A, 

xuch' 5. 

resist 

resistant 

resolve 

resound 

respect 

respected 

respite 

respond 

responder 

response 

responsibiUty 

rest 

resututton 

restiess 

445 

nak 16K; nakav 16K, 

resist as temptations: pajbey k'op [reject 

word] 14J, 16A, 35C, 

tzotz 16E. 

na' 16C, 17; pas 16C, 17, 

weaken in one's resolve: chibaj 'olonton [be 

two-hearted] 14B6.17; k'un-yamaj 'olonton [have one's heart slacken] 14B6.17. 

Janet 8C. 

'ak' ta vinUc [treat or give as a person] 14. 

16D; 'oy 'ik' 'a'i [feel there is breath, afr 

or wind] 14B5. 14C. 16D; tzamesvan 

16D; ch'uun 16D; ch'uunvan 16D; k'ex 

16D; k'exel 16D; na'bey muk'ul 16D; 

na'el 16D; xi' 16D; xi'el 16D, 

be worthy of respect tojol 'oy k'exel 16C; 

tojol 'oy xi'euk 16C. 

respect God: tzames dios 15A1.16F. 35C. 

respect person: muk' 'a'i 16F. 

respect tiiat one has: ch'uunvanej 16C. 

respect that one receives: ch'uunel lOB. 16C, 

respect the king: tzames rey 15A2.16F. 20, 

worthy of respect tojol xi'el 16C. 

be respected: 'oy tza 16C; k'exey 16C, 

enjoy a respite from sickness or work: 

k'un-yamaj 'a'i 16B, 27D. 33; laanlaan 

'a'i 16B. 27D. 33; lamallamal 'a'i 16B. 

27D, 33, 

respite from sickness or work: k'un-yamanil 

16B. 27D, 33, 

respite from the heat laanejesabU k'ak'al 

8A. 16B, 

respond to enigmatic questions or signs: 

jambey toj-ti'iel U; lok'es k'op [take out 

words] 14J. 

respond to riddles or signs: nop k'op [think 

up words] 14J; nopbey U; satibU nop 

[aim and think] 14B2; satibU tak'av [aim 

and reply] 14B2. 

j'al-ti'U U. 

response to enigmatic questions or signs: 

tzatzal k'op [strong words] 14J. 

take responsibility for: jok'an ta tojol 16C. 

'ich' 'ip 7F; kol ta lubel 7F. 

(patient): laanej 7F. 34. 

be given a rest tzatzub 7F, lOB. 34; muib 

[become fragrant] 7F. lOB. 14, 34; 

nichimaj [flower] 7F, lOB, 14, 34; nichimaj 'osil 'a'i 7F, lOB. 34. 

take a rest: 'utzib 7F. 

'ak'el k'exol lOB, 16C, 27; •pakxinel lOB. 

16C. 27. 

be restiess: bak' 'olal 16K; mo 'U naklej 16K. 

be restiess (horse): bak'es ba 6G; ti' ba 6G, 
446 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

restiessness 

restore 

resfrain 

restrainer 

resurrection 

retablo 

retaUate 

retired 

return 

reveal 

revealed 

revealer 

revelation 

reveler 

revere 

reverse 

revive 

restiess horse: jbak'el-cabaUo 6G. 15A9. 

restiess person: jbak'el-vinUc 16K; jk'otic'onelvinUc 16K. 

bak'el 16K; Hoviel 16K; jtalel-batel 16K. 

restore to former shape or beauty: 'ich* tojol 

"u'un 3. 10A; meltzajes 3, lOA; tojobes 

3, lOA; tojobtas 3, lOA. 

restrain ones' appetite: *nabenabe ba ve' 

16C, 23A4. 

resfrain oneself: •nabenabe ba 16C. 

pajeb 16C. 

kuxel 35C; kuxlej 35C. 

tz'ib U, 30, 35D. 

canvas retablo: tz'ibaybU pok' 11, 30, 35D. 

wooden retablo: tz'ibaybU te' 11, 30, 35D. 

sut ta tojol tuk IOC, 161; sutejes ta tojol tuk 

IOC, 161; sutejesbey ta tojol tuk IOC, 161. 

ch'aybU 'abtel [discarded work] 14, 27D; 

ch'aybU patan [discarded tribute] 14, 

27D; ch'aybU ta 'abtel 27D; ch'aybU ta 

patan 27D. 

be retfred: ch'ay patan 27D. 

•pakax IOC; •pakxin IOC; sut9Al. 

return a loan: •pakxin IOC, 27. 

remrn of gift or insult pakol IOC, 16K, 27. 

jambey U; james U; tambey ta 'olonton 

[pick up for one's heart] 11,14B6; vinajes 

U; vinajesbey U; ye U. 

jambeybU U; tabeybU U; tambeybU U; 

vinajesbeybil U. 

jjambey vanej U; jjamvanej 11; jtamanej U; 

jtambeyvanej U; jtamvanej U. 

jambeyel 11; javayesej-k'op [word of affront] U. 

divine revelation: jamvanej dios U, 15A1, 

35C; tamvanej dios U. 15A1. 35C. 

have a revelation: na' ta jambeyel ta 'olonton 

'u'un dios [know by having one's heart 

opened by God] U. 14B6, 15A1, 35C; 

na' ta tambeyel ta 'olonton 'u'un dios 

[know by picking up in one's heart 

because of God] U, 14B6, 15A1, 35C; 

tambeat 'u'un dios U, 15A1, 35C. 

known by revelation: jambeat 'u'un dios U, 

15A1, 35C. 

j'utzinvanej 32; jbak'esvanej 32. 

'ak' ta vinUc 35C; 'ipuk 'ik "a'i 35C; 

tzamesvan 35C; ch'uun 35C; k'ex 35C; 

k'exvan 35C; xi' 35C. 

revere God: tzames dios 15A1, 35C. 

revere the king: tzames rey 15A2, 16F, 20, 

35C. 

in reverse: la patil 9A1. 

cha'-kux 34; kuxan 34; kuxes 34; kuxey 34; 

rewarded 

rewarder 

rewrite 

rhetoric 

rhubarb 

rib 

rich 

kuxol 34. 

(plant, person, free): kux 5, 34. 

(free or plant): lup 5. 

revived be revived: cha'-kuxey 34. 

revolve (wheel): joyet xanav 9A1. 

reward 'aboltay IOC. 16C, 27; 'aboltayel lOB, 16C, 

27; 'aboltayvanej lOB, 16C, 27; 'ak' 

pakol 'aboltayel IOC, 16C, 27; pak 

'aboltayel IOC, 16C, 27; pakbey 'aboltayel 'u'un IOC, 16C, 27; pakbey 'utzU 

[return goodness] IOC, 14,16C, 27; pakol 

lOB, 16C, 27; pakol 'aboltayvanej lOB, 

16C. 27; pakol 'utzU lOB, 16C. 27; toj 

[pay] IOC, 14, 16C. 27; tojolU lOB. 16C, 

27. 

'aboltaybU lOB, 16C, 27; pakbU 'utz lOB, 

16C. 27; pakbU 'utzU 'u'un lOB, 16C, 

27; tojoltasbU lOB. 16C, 27. 

be rewarded: tojoltasey lOB. 16C, 27. 

jpak 'aboltayel IOC, 16C, 16D, 27; jpak-'utz 

IOC. 16C. 16D. 27. 

cha'-tz'ibay UA; cha'-tz'ibay Hun UA. 

chanob tzitzo' UA. 

mibarbo 5B. 15A10. 

ch'elopil 7A. 

•ayUc'al 15C, 16C, 27; 'ayik'aletik 15C, 

16C, 27. 

become rich: vokolij 16C, 27. 

grow rich: 'ayUc'lej 15C, 16C, 27. 

rich man: 'ayUc'al chabjom 15C, 16C. 20,27. 

rich frader: 'ayik'al xanvil 16C, 27A. 

nopbU k'op [thought up word] U, 13A, 14J, 

16C. 

make a ridge: tz'alan 3. 

ridge between furrows: tz'alal 3. 26. 

jolom-k'optay [speak against witii the skull] 

14B1. 14J. 16H. 16K; lob-k'optay [speak 

against maUciously] 14J. 16H, 16J; na'ley 

16H, 16K. 

'ibel [root] 14, 16A; melel 16A; meleluk 

16A; tojol 16A; tojoluk 16A. 

be right: tojol 'oy 16A. 

right away: •'ilUco 2C; toj likel 2C. 

set right: meltzajes lOA; tojobes lOA. 

rind patil 23Al. 

ring (1) fron ring: xotxot tak'in 21C; tak'in 21C. 

wooden ring: xotxot te' 21C. 

ring (2) tzanet 8C. 

(anything tiiat echoes, whetiier it is a bell or 

a blow on wood): tzantzon 8C, 32A. 

(beU): kanet 8C. 

ringworm sol 33. 

get ringworm: soUn 33. 

rip ch'ak lOE; ch'akalul lOE; ch'i' lOE; ch'i'ilul 

riddle 

ridge 

ridicule 

right 
NUMBER 31 447 

ripe 

ripen 

ripped 

nse 

nsing 

risk 

river 

road 

roar 

roast 

rob 

robber 

robbery 

robust 

rock (1) 

lOE; ch'utul lOE; jat lOE; jat lOE; jatalul 

lOE; lo'oUl lOE; tuch' lOE. 

rip clotiiing: ch'ak lOE, 31 A. 

tok'on 5, 26. 

become ripe: ta ta'ajel 5.26. 

matz'ub 5.26; ta'aj 5,26. 

on the free (figs or other fruit): matz'ub ta 

te' 5. 5B. 26. 

ripen on the free: matz'ub ta te'el 5,26. 

ch'akal lOE; ch'akbU lOE; ch'i'U lOE; jatal 

lOE; lo'ol lOE; tuch'bil lOE; ttich'ultik 

lOE. 

ripped in many places: ch'akaltik lOE; 

ch'i'iltik lOE; lo'oltik lOE. 

muy 7D; muyel 7D. 

rise early in the morning: 'ak'abal julay 2A, 

7F; 'oy to 'ak'abal julay 2A, 7F; toj 

'ik'-luman julay 2A. 7F. 

rise in order to lake out from under: sabaj 7D. 

rise up: va'i 7D. 

act of rising a little: sabajel 7D. 

tz'i'lejel 16E, 21A; tz'i'leyel 16E. 21A; k'an 

'U 16E. 21 A. 

'uk'um IC. 

dangerous riven tz'i'lelal 'uk'um IC. 9A2; 

xi'ebal 'uk'um IC. 9A2. 

deep riven nab IC; nab Ho' IC; nat Ho* IC; 

natil Ho' IC. 

have river overflow: noj 'uk'um IC. 

sudden overflow of river: nojel 'uk'um IC. 

be 9A1; belel 9A1. 

on the wrong road: jakal 9A1. 

put on the wrong road: jakes 9A1; jakesbU 

9A1. 

vovet 8C1; vovetel 8C1. 

(fire. hail. rain, turbulent river or ocean): 

loklonet IC. ID. 8C. 

(ffre. haU. rain, turbulent river or ocean, 

wind, large flute): 'omet 1 A, IC. ID, 8C. 

32A. 

(heavy rain, river, voices of many people, 

wind): t'inet lA, IC, 8C. 

(river, wind): jinet 1 A, IC, 8C. 

vo 23A3. 

poj 21 A. 

j'ochol 21A; jpojvanej 21A; jp'asol 21A. 

(who acts in secret): j'elek' 16N, 21A. 

pojben 21 A. 

muk' bek'tal 7C; muk'muk' bek'tal 7C; 

muk'muk' takupal 7C; muk'ta bek'tal 7C. 

ton IB. 

blackened rock: 'Uc'al ton IB, 8F1. 

hard rock: tzatzal ton IB. 

pointed end of a rock: ni' ton IB, 3. 

rock (2) 

rocky 

rod 

roguery 

role 

roll 

roU (1) 

roll (2) 

roof 

room 

roommate 

rooster 

root 

rope 

rock in the ocean: •vekel ch'en ta nab IB, 

IC; Ha'al ch'en IB, IC. 

round rock: volvol ton IB. 3. 

(cradle): jin 9D. 

person who rocks another: jjuyvanej 9D. 

'ip ton IB. 

rocky place: tontUc IB; lontikU 'osil IB. 

sharp rocky place: ch'ix-tontik [thorny rocks] 

IB, 14. 

rod witii which boys at school are beaten on 

the hand: pok'ob k'obil U. 21C; pok'ob 

k'obol U, 21C; pok'obU U, 21C. 

kola'al 16P, 21A; labal 16P, 21A. 

fiU anotiier's role: k'extay 16N; lok' 16N. 

(as a baU): •tzul 9D. 

volbU vaj 23Al. 

French roll: putzet vaj 23Al. 

(wheel, cart): xanantas 9A1; xanaves 9A1. 

downhUl: balaj 9F; balch'uj 9F. 

roll around: balalij 9F; balch'un ba 9F. 

roll around (lUce child with temper tanfrum): 

balet 9F. 16H, 18B. 

roll around (Uke chUdren who throw themselves to tiie ground in a temper): balan 

ba 9F, 16H. 18B. 

'ak' te'el jol na 28; 'ak'bey te'el jol na 28; 

'och te'al 'u'un 28; jol na [house head] 

14B1, 28D; sUc'av 28; sik'ay 28. 

laid roof rods: sak-te'ibU 28,28D. 

lay roof rods: sak-te'i 28; sak-te'ij 28, 

lay small roof poles: xulav 28; xulay 28. 

laying of roof rods: sak-te'ivanej 28. 

raise the roof purlins: chukav 28; chukay 28. 

roof rod: sak-te' 28D; sak-te'el 28D. 

small roof jutting out from the waU to shelter 

people from the rain: ti' sUc [lips, mouth 

or edge of tiie cold] 14B5, 28D. 

tile roof: xamital jol na 15B, 28D. 

uncover or remove thateh or tiles from a roof: 

jol lOD, 28. 

bik'tal na 28D; tz'alav na 28D. 

drawing room (where ladies are received): 

nakleb 'antz 16F, 28D. 

'ix la k'ulej 19A. 

jkotz 6B2; xinch'ok tuluk' 6B2. 

young roosten 'anil jkotz 6B2; ch'iom kelem 

6B2; ch'iom jkotz 6B2. 

take root 'ibelub 5, 26; 'iben 5, 26; tzak lum 

5,26. 

take root (planQ: 'isimay 5, 26. 

ch'ojon 26B. 

bark rope: 'ak' 5, 26B. 

grass rope: ch'ajnuybil jobel 5,26B; ch'ojon 

jobel 5, 26B. 
448 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

rope for puUing beams: tasob ch'ojon 26B. 

rope made of free bark: k'am-xoch' 5A. 26B. 

rose ch'ixal nichim [tiiorny flower] 5B. 14; nich 

rosa 5B. 15A10; rosa 5B. 15A10. 

rose honey: pamal rosa 5B, 15A10, 23A2. 

rose-colored k'un tzoj 8F1; k'un tzoj to 8F1; yalul to tzajal 

8F1. 

rosemary romero 5B, 15A10. 

rot k'a' lOE; k'as lOE. 

rotten k'o' lOE. 

rough 'ip tzatzal 8E; tontik 8E. 

be rough (water): pumlajet IC. 

rough work: tenkextUc pasel 27D. 

roughen roughen grinding stone: laj 8E; laj-'ux 8E; 

lajulan 8E; vok'ilan-Hux 8E. 

round pisil 3; volvol 3. 

(bread, hoop): xotol 3. 

(hoUow in tiie middle): xotxot 3. 

(not spherical): setset 3. 

(not spherical, but thin as table. tortUla, 

wheel): setel 3, 9A1, 22B. 

(spherical or columnar): pispis 3. 

become round: pistzaj 3; pisub 3; settzaj 3; 

setub 3; xottzaj 3; xotey 3; xotij 3; voltzaj 

3. 

make round: pistzan 3, 7E1; pisubes 3, 7E1; 

setubes 3, 7E1; xotzan 3, 7E1; xotan 3, 

7E1; xottzajes 3, 7E1; voltzan 3. 7E1. 

round about la joyobil 9A1. 

round and long: balbal 3. 

round object: pis 3. 

go a roundabout way: joy be 9A1; joyij 

9A1; joyin be 9A1. 

roundabout way: joyol be 9A1. 

volvol 3. 

pisilul 3; setel 3; volvolU 3. 

chol 3; choUej 3; j-mel xa 3; koj 3. 

(of stones, or adobe or anytiiing laid on top 

of each otiier): j-kajal IB. 3, 28. 

row of soldiers in battie order: j-chol jyabutil 

3,21E. 

set in a row: chol 3; choloj ba 'ak' 3; jit' 3; 

jit'oj ba 'ak' 3; mel 3; meloj ba 'ak' 3. 

row (2) jub 9A2; jub jom 9A2. 

rower jjub-jom 9A2; jjubvanej 9A2. 

rub ju' 9D. 

mb togetiien jux ba 'u'un 9D. 

mb together (bricks): jos ba 'u'un 9D, 28. 

mb togetiier (bricks, rocks): jux IB, 9D, 28; 

juxUan IB, 9D. 28. 

mb togetiier (two bricks): jos IB, 9D, 28. 

mb up and down: nib 9D; nibvan 9D. 

rub witii one's hands: ju'Uan 7E1,9D; jusilan 

7E1, 9D. 

roundabout 

roundish 

roundness 

row (1) 

mbbed juybil 9D; juyilanbU 9D. 

mbbing mbbing instiiiment jusob 9D. 26B; jusobil 

9D. 26B. 

mbbish ch'ulbenal lOD; pokbenal lOD. 

mbbish heap: k'a'-'ep lOD; k'a'-'eptik lOD. 

mby 'utzil tzajal ton 29; jalal tzajal ton 29; mbi 

15A4. 29. 

mdder jubob jom 9A2; sutejeb jom 9A2. 

me mda 5B. 15A10. 

mffianism Hovil xanbal 16P. 21 A. 

min min oneself: ch'ay 16L, 16P; laj 16L, 16P. 

mle (1) 'ajvay 20. 

(town government): k'opoj 20. 

mle a government or town: ch'ak 20. 

mler (2) p'is 12; p'isob te' 12; p'isob ton 12; p'isobU 

12; regla 12. 15A8. 

mminate pach' ti' 6G. 

mmor mmor that one has heard: chUcin [ear] U, 

14B3. 

mn 'anilaj 9A1. 

make mn: 'aniltay 9A1. 

mn hard (deer, horse, bull): kuchoj ba 'anil 

6G, 9A1, 

wish to mn away: k'exav 9A1, 16M. 

mnning make (horse or ox) stop mnning: ch'ani 'u'un 

ta 'anU 9A1. 

msh (with which they make petates): *Hi'it 5A. 

mst kux lOE; vok tak'in lOE. 

mstic (not noble): pata-vinik 20. 

sack 'ikatzinab chu'uy 22C; chu'uy 22C. 

large sack: me' chu'uy [mother sack] 14H, 

22C; muk'-chu'uy 22C; muk'tik chu'uy 

22C, 

net sack: chu'uy nuti' 22C. 

palm sack in which they carry or sell salt 

mokan 22C, 27, 

sackbut (medieval frombone): sacabuche 15A6,32A1. 

sackcloth pim tux-nok' chij 3 ID; pimil tux-nok' chij 

31D. 

sackcloth or any other heavy clotii such as 

they use for bedding: pimil pok' 22D. 

3ID; tux-nok' chij pok' 22D, 3ID. 

sacking pojel na ta yabutil 2 IE. 

sacraments sacramento 15A1. 35C. 

sacrifice k'eelU IOC, 35C; k'elaj IOC, 35C; k'elan 

IOC, 35C; molonU IOC. 35C. 

human sacrifice: kupvanej ta moton ch'u 

[sawing of person as God's gift] IOC. 14, 

18E, 35F. 

sacrifice bfrds: mil IOC. 35F. 

sacrifice people: kup IOC. 18E, 35F; kupvan 
NUMBER 31 449 

sacrilege 

sacrilegious 

sacristy 

sad 

sadden 

saddle 

saddlebag 

saddled 

saddlemaker 

sadness 

safe 

sage 

sailor 

IOC, 18E. 35F. 

stone on which they performed sacrifices: 

ch'anob IOC. 35F; ch'anobU ton IOC. 

35F, 

commit a sacrilege: nak bel na dios 15A1. 

16P, 35C. 

commit a sacrilege (by stealing from the 

church): 'eUc'an bel na dios 15A1. 16P. 

21A. 35C, 

be sacrilegious: mo ch'uun lum dios [not 

beUeve God's ground] 14E, 15A1, 16P, 

35C; mo ch'uun na dios [not believe in 

God's house] 14. 15A1, 16P. 35C, 

tzatzajeb padre 15A1, 35B; tzatzajebal 35B; 

chabiabU bel na dios 15A1,35B; nak'obil 

bel na dios 15A1, 35B; sachristia 15A1, 

35B. 

be sad: mayayet vinUc 16J; me'anaj 16J; 

me'anaj 'osil 'a'i [feel sorrowful time] 

14E. 16J, 

grow sad: bik'taj 'olonton [have one's heart 

grow smaU] 14B6, 14F2, 16J; me'anaj 

16J, 

bUc'tajesbey 'olonton 16J; me'anajes 16J. 

'ak' siUa9Al, 15A9; 'ikatzinay 9Al; 'otesbey 

sUla 9A1. 15A9; naklebal la pat cabaUo 

15A9. 25B; sUla 15A9. 25B. 

(witii packsaddle): 'ak' xalma 9A1, 15A9; 

'och 'u'un xalma 9A1, 15A9. 

packsaddle: 'ikatzinab 25B; enjalma 15A9. 

25B; kajleb 'Ucatzil 25B; xalma 15A9, 

25B. 

small packsaddle on which the Indians take 

thefr burdens: potol 25B. 

chu'uy 25B. 

'ak'ebU 'Ucatzinab 9A1; 'ak'ebU silla 9A1. 

15A9; 'UcatzinaybU9Al. 

be saddled: 'oy siUa 9A1,15A9. 

jpas siUa caballo 9A1,15A9. 

person who causes sadness: jbUc'tajesej-

'olonton 161; jme'anajesej-'olontU [he 

who saddens hearts] 14B6, 161; 

jme'anajesvanej 161. 

'utz no *ox 16G. 

be safe: kol 16G; mo k'u na' [not worry or 

know about anytiiing] 14, 16G; mo k'u 

xi' [not fear anything] 14, 16G; mo 

vokoluk [no difficulty] 14. 16G. 

feel safe: naktzaj 'olonton [have one's heart 

stop moving] 14B6, 16G. 

feel safe or secure: 'utz nakal 'olonton [have 

one's heart weU-seated] 14B6, 16G. 

j'at-'olonton [heart counter] U, 14B6, 16C. 

jchabi-jom 9A2; jva'anej-jom 9A2, 

saint 

sale 

saliva 

salt 

saltcellar 

salted 

saltmaker 

saltpeter 

saltworks 

salty 

salutation 

salvation 

same 

sample 

sanctify 

sanctuary 

sand 

sandal 

sandstone 

sandy 

sap 

sash 

satiety 

satin 

satisfied 

satisfy 

Saturday 

sauce 

sauceboat 

sancto 15A1, 35D; santo 15A1, 35D. 

quick sale: pojel 2C, 27. 

tubU 7B. 

'atz'am IB, 23A; 'atz'mel IB, 23A; 

'atz'meltas IB, 23A. 

black sak: 'Uc'al 'atz'am IB, 8F1, 23A. 

grain of salt: sat 'atz'am IB, 23A. 

hard saU: ton 'atz'am IB, 23A. 

salt deposit (on bottom of pot for making 

salt): tz'ujlemal 'atz'am IB, 23A3. 

salt well: 'atz'am IB, 23A, 28E; ni-nab 

'atz'am IB. 

white salt sakil 'atz'am IB, 8F1, 23A. 

'av 'atz'am 22C. 

'atz'mellasbU 23A3; 'oy 'atz'mel 23A3. 

jkumavil 29A; jkumayej-'atz'am 29A. 

'atz'am IB; 'atz'am lum IB; 'atz'am ton 

IB; •kichin lum IB; •kichin ton IB. 

saltpeter bed: •kichin 'osU IB. 

(pot or house): kumayab 22C, 28C2; kumayabil 'atz'am 22C. 28C2. 

salty waten chi'-Ho' IC, 8D; chi'il Ho' IC, 

8D. 

angel's salutation of the Vfrgin Mary: 

k'oponabU Santa Maria 'u'un Angel 35C, 

35D. 

kolesvanej 35C; koltayvanej 35C. 

salvation one receives: koltayel lOB, 35C. 

ko'ol 8G. 

in the same way Kx),: Hech no 'ox tok 8G. 

'a'iab 8G; 'a'iabil 8G; k'el 8G; k'elul 8G; 

k'eluyab 8G; k'eluyabU 8G. 

'utzibtas 35C; ch'uulibtas 35C. 

tz'alav na 28C3, 28D. 

grain of sand: sat yi' [eye or face of sand] 

IB, 14B2. 

nukuUl xonobil 31C; xonobU 31C. 

rope-soled sandal: xonob jobel 31C. 

yi' ton IB; yi'al ton IB. 

naka yi' IB; naka yi'tik IB; yi'tik IB. 

sandy place: yi'tik IB. 

•a'iel 5, 23A. 

bal 31C; balobU 31C; ti' pok' [moutii or 

edge of clotii] 14B5, 31C. 

woman's sash: chuk tzekU 31C. 

nojel 9E, 23A4; sitel 9E, 23A4. 

ch'ulul seda 31D; razo 3ID. 

be satisfied: ta'al 'oy 'a'i 16B. 

'ak' ta'aluk 'a'i 16B; 'ak' ta'aluk 'oy *a'i 

16B; ta'al 'oy 'a'i 'u'un 16B. 

'ok'ob xa 'oy domingo 2B, 15A3; sabado 

2B, 15A3. 

kap ve'el 23A. 

'av kap ve'el 22C; 'ol setz' 22C; bUc'tal setz' 
450 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

saucer 

sausage 

savage 

save 

saved 

savor 

saw 

sawdust 

sawed 

say 

saymg 

scab 

scabby 

scale (1) 

scale (2) 

scaled 

scaly 

scanty 

scar 

scarab 

scarce 

scarcely 

scarcity 

scarecrow 

scarf 

22C. 

setz' 22C. 

pottery saucer: jayil lum 22C. 

stiver saucer: jayil lak'in 22C, 29. 

longaniza 15A9, 23A2. 

pork sausage: bikil chitom nojesbU ta bek'tal 

23A2. 

'abnaUl vinUc [forest person] 14, 20; te'tikil 

20; voymollUcil vinUc [wild or thicket 

person] 14, 20. 

koles lOA, 16A; koltay lOA. 

save by shielding: jetobtay 9C; latz'apuy 9C. 

be saved: koles ba lOA. 

muib 8D. 

kup 28; kupob te' 26B; p'as 28. 

ch'uch'ul 5. 

object being sawed: kupoj 9D, lOE; p'asoj 

9D, lOE. 

'al U; chi U; james U; kuy U. 

say tiiat 'ut U. 

they say: la U. 

witty saying: 'utzU lo'lo k'op [good amusing 

words] 13A, 14J, 16B, 32; lot k'op 13A, 

16B, 32; muil lo'lo k'op 13A, 16B, 32; 

na'al k'op 13A, 16B, 32. 

patil 33; sol 33. 

(witii pus): chin 7B, 33. 

solsoltik 33; chinchintik 7B, 33. 

scale witii ladders: machuy 9A1. 

scale a fish: jos sol choy lOD, 23A2, 24. 

josbU sol lOD. 

become scaly: solin 8E. 

(in weight or size): 'ok'elal 12. 

tz'i'lej 33; lut'um 33; lut'umal 33; lut'umay 

33; lut'umU 33; lut'umtas 33. 

Ho 6E; Honon 6E. 

jol 12, 21D; sa'alsa'al 12, 21D; yavaj 12, 

21D. 

be scarce: toj jol 2ID. 

be scarce (bread): 'ip jalal 2ID, 23A; mo 

'oyuk21D, 23A; toj pojel 12,21D, 23A1. 

become scarce: jalaj 12, 2ID; jalan ba 12, 

21D; yavajij 12, 21D. 

made scarce: jalajesbU 12. 2ID. 

make scarce: jalajes 12, 21D; yavajin 12, 

21D. 

'ok'elal 12. 

jalajel 12. 21D; jalal 12, 21D; yavajijel 12, 

21D; yavajil 12. 21D; yavajilal 12, 21D. 

siblasabU 16N, 26; sibtasan vinik 16N, 26. 

chukobil jolol 31C. 

cochineal-dyed scarf: tzajal pok' 31C; ch'ujal 

pok' 31C. 

edge of scarf: ti' pok' 3, 31 A. 

scarify 

scarred 

scatter 

scent 

school 

school teacher 

science 

scissors 

scold 

scolding 

scorch 

scorched 

scorn 

scorned 

scorner 

scorpion 

scrape 

scraping 

scrapings 

scratch 

scream 

jisulan lOE, 33; kupilan lOE. 33; t'ol lOE. 

33. 

badly scarred: tzepentik 33; lut'umtUc 33. 

pojbey ba lOD; pojpojbey ba lOD; puk ba 

lOD; pukbey ba lOD; p'up'un lOD; 

tanibey lOD; yokin lOD. 

'Uc' 8D; 'utz"onet 8D; las-'ik'i 8D. 

(of animal): muil 8D. 

chanantasvanab na U, 28C3; chanob na U, 

28C3. 

dancing school: 'ak'otajeb U, 28C3, 32A; 

chanob 'ak'ot U, 28C3, 32A. 

fencing school: chanob yabutU U. 21E2. 

28C3. 32B. 

jchabi-'unetUc U. 

na'vanej U. 

tijeras 15A4, 22C, 31 A. 

'iUn 16H; tzatzal-tzitz [warn sfrongly] 14J, 

16H; tzatzal-k'opon [speak sfrongly] 14J, 

16H; tzitz 16H; ch'ivet 'e [have one's 

mouth wrinkle] 14B5, 16H; jatan 16H; 

k'ux 'e [chew or grind one's teeth] 14B5, 

14C, 16H. 

scold Sfrongly: 'ipal-tzitz 16H. 

tzatzal tzitzvanej [sfrong sermon] 14,16H. 

sfrong scolding: 'ipal tzitz 16H; 'ipal tzitzvanej 16H. 

juteb k'ak'es ID, lOE, 23A3; k'an-k'ak' 

[burn yellow] ID, lOE, 14D3, 23A3; 

k'an-k'ak'es ID, lOE, 23A3. 

be scorched: juteb k'ak' ID, lOE, 23A3. 

'Ua'aj 16H, 16Q; 'ila'alU 16H, 16Q; 'ilan 

16H, 16Q; chakanol 16H, 16Q; chakanol 

k'op [word of detestation] 14J, 16H. 16Q; 

chakanoltay 16H. 16Q; k'ok' ba *a'i [feel 

hot] 14C, 14G. 16H. 16Q; k'ok' ba 'U 

[see witii heat] 14G. 141. 16H, 16Q; paj 

16H. 16Q; ti'ol 16Q; ti'ol k'op [word of 

hafred] 14J, 16Q; ti'oltay 16H, 16Q. 

'ilanbU 16H; chakanoltaybil 16H; pajbU 

16H; ti'oltaybU 16H. 

j'Ua'ajel 16H, 16Q; j'ilanvanej 16H, 16Q. 

tzek 6E. 

jos 9D. 

(boards): jotz' 9D, 28; josUan 9D, 28. 

sound of a beam being pushed on top of 

anothen jech'et 8C, 28. 

josbenal lOD; juxbenal lOD. 

jot' lOE, 33; jot'benal lOE, 33. 

scratch hard: ch'oti lOE, 33. 

scratch of cat or tiger: jot'ben lOE, 33. 

scratch with one finger as when they hunt 

lice: mix 6E, 7G; mixulan 6E, 7G. 

'avalet 8C1; 'avanel 8C1; xUcit-'avan 8C1. 
NUMBER 31 

scribe tz'ibajom UA; jtz'ib UA; jtz'ibajel UA; 

jtz'ibayvanej UA. 

ffrst scribe: ba tz'ibajom UA; ba jtz'ib 11 A; 

ba ta tz'ib UA; ba ta tz'ibajel UA. 

scrofula k'anel 33; yax-k'a'el 33. 

get scrofula: yax-k'a' [blue-green rot] 14D2, 

33. 

scrofular scrofular person: jyax-k'a'el 33; yax-k'a'el 

33. 

scrub (clotiies): ju'Uan 22E, 31. 

scmb (as they scmb muddy clothes): ju' 

22E, 31. 

scrutinizer jjak'-k'op [word-asker] 14J, 20A; jjak'-muUl 

20A. 

sculpt sculpt wooden image: ch'oj 7E1, U, 30; 

joch'7El, 11,30. 

sculpted object to be sculpted: ch'ojbol 7E1, U, 30. 

sea high sea: 'o'lol nab IC. 9A2; nab IC. 9A2; 

nab Ho' IC. 9A2; nat Ho' IC, 9A2. 

rough sea: pumlajetel IC, 9A2. 

sea storm: 'ipal pumlajetel nab IC, 9A2. 

shaUow sea: komol nab IC, 9A2. 

seacoast ti' muk'ta nab IC; ti' nab [mouth or edge of 

tiie sea] IC, 14B5. 

seal 'eteltasabU9C, U. 

(document): 'eteltas U, UA. 

(on document): 'eteltasbenal U, UA. 

remove a seal from: lok'esbey 'etel lOD, U; 

tup'bey 'etel lOD. U. 

tz'isav 31 A. 

sa'8F.9Al. 

'osU 2B; k'inal 2B. 

dry season: k'epel 'osil [dry time] 2B, 14E; 

k'inal k'ak'al [hot days] 2B, 14G; takin 

'osil [dry time or ground] 2B. 14E. 

rainy season: Ho'tikU 'osil [rainy time] 2B, 

14E; Ho'tikil lum [rainy ground] 2B. 14E. 

seat nakan 4, 7D; naklebal 4, 7D; naklej 4, 7D; 

•pakal 4, 7D. 

seated nakal 7D; nakanbU 4, 7D. 

be seated: nakey 4, 7D. 

person seated: nakanej 4, 7D. 

seaweed lam Ho' 5A. 

seclude seclude oneself: mak-nai ba 9C. 

secluded secluded in one's house: mak-naibil 9C. 

seclusion mak naiel bail 9C; mak-naiej bail 9C; 

mak-naiel 9C. 

second a second time: cha'-mekel 2, 12A. 

entered in second growth: ch'ikil 4, 9A1. 

make one's way through second growth: 

ch'Uc ba la jobel 4. 9A1; ch'ik ba la 

voymol 4. 9A1. 

second in Une: cha'-tek'el 4,12A; cha'-va'al 

4,12A; cha'-va'al va'lej 4,12A. 

seam 

search 

season 

secret 

secretary 

section 

secure 

security 

see 

seed 

seedling 

seize 

seized 

seldom 

sell 

senator 

send 

sense 

senses 

sensitive 

sent 

sentence 

sentenced 

451 

muktal [buried] 14,16N; muktal k'op [buried 

word] 14J, 16N; mukul k'op [buried 

word] 14J, 16N. 

secret act muktal pasnej [buried act] 14, 

16N; mukul pasnej [buried act] 14,16N. 

jchabi muktal k'op [guard of buried words 

or secrets] UA, 14J. 

j-^kem 12A. 

(beef, venison): j-jech 12A. 

be secure: mo k'u na' 16G; mo k'u xi' 16G. 

feel secure: nakal 'olonton 16G. 

make a person feel secure: nakanbey 'olonton 16G; naktzajesbey 'olonton 16E. 

lok'tayvanej 16G; lok'vanej 16G; naktzajeb 

'olontonU 16G. 

'il 8F; 'U 'osil [see the world] 8F. 14E; 'ilvan 

8F; k'elvan 8F; ta sat 8F. 

be able to see: la sat 8F. 

bek' 5; tz'unbal 5, 26; tz'unubil 5, 26. 

kind of seed: nin 5. 

seed bed: j-t'abal 5, 26; j-t'ob 5, 26. 

'ol tz'unubil [seed child] 5, 14H, 26; 

tz'unubU 5, 26. 

fransplanted seedUng: j-tek tz'unubU 5, 26. 

'Uc' 9D; tzajal-poj 9D; tzak 9D; chuk 9D; 

japi 9D. 

'Uc'bil 9D; japibil 9D. 

object seized: japiej 9D. 

HalUctik 2. 

person who sells at market: jch'ivitajel 27A. 

sell on a large scale: p'olmaj 27. 

jch'akel ta 'ol [divider or judge at the heart] 

14B6, 16E, 20; jk'opojel ta 'ol [speaker 

at tiie heart] 14B6. 16E, 20. 

•'abten 9B; bat 'u'un 9B; tak 9B. 

be sent: •'abtenat 9B. 

send cautiously: tzail-tak 9B, 16C. 

send to: k'ubanbey 9B. 

common sense: talel tza 11; talel p'ijU U. 

come back to one's senses (crazy person, 

drunk): Hul 'olonton [have one's heart 

return] 14B6, 23B. 

be sensitive: toj 'a'i [feel so much] 14J. 

object sent: k'ubul 4. 

sent cautiously: tzail-takbU 4,16C. 

ch'ak 20A, 21C; ch'akbey tojol mul 20A, 

21C; ch'akel 20A, 21C; ch'akes 20A, 

21C; jololtas U. 20A; lajesbey k'oplal 

[end the talk of] 14J, 20A, 21C; pas 

ch'akel 20A, 21C. 

(legal): lajeb k'op [end of words] 14J, 20A, 

21C. 

be sentenced lo a beating: ch'ak majel 20A, 

21C. 
452 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

separable 

separate 

separated 

separately 

separation 

September 

serene 

serious 

sermon 

sermonize 

serpent 

servant 

serve 

servitude 

set 

setting 

settie 

settiement 

settier 

seven 

seventh 

seventy 

sew 

be sentenced to death: ch'ak tzamesel 18E, 

20A. 21C. 

k'an javel 12; k'an pukel 12; k'an vok'el 12. 

pukbey ba 4, 12. 

be widely separated: nom 'il ba 4. 

widely separated: nomtiknomtUc 4. 

lekojlekoj 4. 12. 

ch'akeb 4,12, 

setiembre 2B, 15 A3, 

laal 'atil 16G; laal 'utzU 16G, 

serene person: 'atil vinUc [penis person] 

14B9.16G; 'utzU vinUc 16G, 

'ip 16C; 'ol 16C; tzotz 16C; yaya 16C, 

tzitzo' U. 35C; tzitzoj 11. 35C; tzitzvanej 

U. 35C; chanantasvanab k'op [instmctive 

words] U. 14J. 35C; chanantasvanej k'op 

11.35C, 

brief sermon: bUc'tal tzitzo' [small sermon] 

U. 14F2,35C, 

give a sermon: tzitza'aj IOC. U. 35C. 

theme of a sermon: lUceb tzitzo' U. 35C; 

lUceb k'op [beginning words] U, 14J, 

35C. 

tzitza'aj U. 16C. 35C. 

chon 6C. 

'unen 22A; kelem 22A. 

be a servant of: pas patan 27D. 

'al 20, 27D; tz'ak-pati 20, 27D; chi'in 20, 

27D; va'an 20, 27D. 

serve at table: ve'eltas 23A, 27D. 

mu'natil patan 27D. 

enter into servitude: 'ajvalej 27D, 

'ak' 9B, 

(sun): 'och la yalel k'ak'al 2A, 

set a day, limit or place: ch'ak 2,4. 

set down (wide objects): ta'an 9B. 

(bfrd): patal 6G. 

(ground): lom IB, 3; lomtzaj IB. 3. 

make (ground) settie: lomtz'in IB. 3. 

naivej 19. 

(who builds houses): naivil 19, 28C. 

Hukub 12. 

seven people: Huk-vo' 12A. 

seven years: Huk-'abi 2B, 12A; Hukub 'abU 

2B, 12. 

seven years old: Huk-'abi 2B. 12A, 18B. 

seventh part of a determined amount (fine 

for robbery): Huk-mekel Hech 'epal tojol 

12A, 21C, 27B. 

lajuneb chan-vinik 12; lajunuk chan-vinUc 

12. 

tz'is 31 A; iz'isomaj 31 A; ch'Uc la sitz'el 

31A. 

(sandals, shoes witii an awl): jul 31 A. 

sewer (1) jch*Ucvanej ta sitz'el 3IB. 

sewer (2) 'ocheb Ho' IC. 28E; lok'eb 'a'lel IC, 28E; 

lok'eb Ho' IC, 28E. 

sewing tz'isom 31 A. 

sexual have sexual relations witii: 'il bek'tal [see 

one's flesh] 14B11, 141, 18C; 'ilbey 

bek'tal 18C; nop bek'tal chi'uk [one's 

flesh fits with] 14B11, 18C; •xap 18C. 

male or female sexual parts: k'exlal bek'tal 

[shame flesh] 7A, 14B11, 18C. 

shade keov lA; keovtUc lA, 4; mak 'osU lA. 

(free): 'oy nak'abU 5. 

place with shade provided by branches: 

'axibal 'abnal 5. 

shady shady grove: ti' nanatikil te'tUc 5. 

shady place: nak'abUtik 1 A, 4. 

shake lilin 9F; nechulan 9F; nikes 9F; nUculan 9F; 

nikiUan 9F; titin 9F; vaxulan 9F. 

(lance): la'ulan 9F, 21E2. 

(matfress or sfraw bed): tukes 9F, 22E. 

matfress or sfraw bed: sokilan 9F. 22E. 

shake hands: 'Uc ba 9F, 16F; kUc ba 9F, 16F. 

shaUow mo toyoluk 12. 

shaUowness lomlej 12. 

shame k'exavel 16M; k'exaves 16M; k'exlal 16M; 

k'exlalel 16M; k'exlaltas 16M; namajel 

16M; namajes 16M; namal 16M. 

lose one's shame: pimil-baij lOD, 16M. 

shamed k'exlaltasbil 16M. 

shameful k'exlal 16M. 

shameless shameless person: jpimil-ba 16P; jpimil-bail 

16R 

shape 'ich' tojol 'u'un 3, 7E1; pas 3, 7E1; tojobtas 

3,7E1. 

share 'otol lOB, 27. 

pay one's share: lekojlekoj toj ve'el IOC, 27. 

sharp joy 'e [thin mouth or tooth] 8E, 14B5. 

(blade): 'oy 'e [have a moutii or tootii] 8E, 

14B5, 21E2. 

be sharp: 'utz 'e [good moutii or tootii] 8E, 

14B5, 21E2. 

sharp-witted jayal chikin 16C. 

sharpen jayubes 'e [thin mouth or tooth] 8E, 9D, 

14B5; pas 'e [do mouth or tootii] 8E, 9D, 

14B5; pasbey 'e 8E, 9D; Hux 8E, 9D. 

sharpen blade: Hux 'e [whet its tootii] 8E, 

9D, 14B5, 21E2; Huxbey 'e 8E, 9D, 

21E2. 

sharpened HuxbU 8E, 9D. 

object to be sharpened: Huxbol 8E, 9D. 

sharpened blade: Huxben 8E, 9D. 21E2. 

shatter shatter with blows: maj 9D. lOE; vok' 9D, 

lOE. 

shave shave with a razor: jos 3 IE. 
NUMBER 31 453 

shaving 

she 

shear 

shearer 

sheep 

sheepcote 

sheepdog 

sheet 

SheU 

shelter 

shepherd 

shield 

shielding 

shinbone 

shine 

'anben te' 9D; ch'uch'ul te' 9D. 

Ha' 18C. 

shear (with a razor): jos 9D, lOD, 25. 

shear woolen stiiff: lotz' tzotzU 9D, lOD, 25; 

lotz'bey tzotzU 9D, lOD, 25. 

jjosvanej 25A. 

carneros 6A2,15A9; chij 6A2. 

fat sheep: vak'ak'et tzotzU tux-nuk' chij 

6A2. 

sheep pen: na tux-nok' chij 28C1. 

chobtikil na28Cl. 

tz'i' chabiomal tux-nok' chij 6A2. 

sheet of paper: lik U A. 

patil [back] 6F, UBS. 

sheU corn: 'ixin 23A3. 

koles 9C. 

(bfrds, etc. under sometiiing): nuj-maki 9C, 

25. 

(from wind): mak lA. 9C. 

rain shelter: 'axinajebal IC, 9C. 

shelter from the rain: 'axintas IC, 9C. 

shelter to defend oneself: kolebal 9C, 2IE. 

lake shelten kol 9C. 

take shelter from tiie rain: 'axinaj IC, 9C. 

take shelter in the church: koles ba 9C, 28C3, 

35C. 

j'U tux-nok' chij 25A; j'U-chij 25A; jchabi 

tuxnok' chij 25A; jchabi-chij 25A; 

jlo'obtasej tux-nok' chij 25A; jva'anejchij 25A. 

shepherd's crook: lukuch te' 25, 25B. 

makibey 9C, 21E2; pokoUl 9C, 21E2. 

(taking the blows dfrected at another): maki 

ya 9C, 21E2. 

(witii body or shield): mak 9C, 21E2; 

mak-pati 9C, 21E2. 

clasp a shield: xoj pokol la k'ob 9C, 21E2. 

large shield: •kumpail 9C, 21E2. 

person who shields another: jmakiej-ya 9C, 

21E2. 

reed shield they hang in tiie church: pokol 

puj 9C, 35B. 

solid row of shields: choloj ba lok'ob-ba 9C, 

21E2; meloj ba lok'ob ba 9C, 21E2; 

meloloj ba lok'ob ba 9C. 21E2. 

take or use a shield: pokoUn 9C, 21E2. 

article or person one is shielding: mak-patiej 

9C. 21E2. 

save by shielding: mak-pati 9C, 21E2. 

•pen 7A1; •penU 7A1; ti' ba •pen 7A1; ti' 

ba •penil 7A1. 

japet 8F; japluj 8F; leblajet 8F; leblonet 8F; 

lebluj 8F; xojob yan 8F; tajley yan 8F; 

tUet 8F; tilUet 8F; tiltonet 8F; tilluj 8F. 

shinny 

ship 

shirt 

shit 

shiver 

shoe 

shoed 

shoemaker 

shoo 

shoo! 

shooed 

shooing 

shoot 

shooter 

short 

shine tiirough: 'och xojobil yo' 'oy lA, 8F. 

shine through (thin cloth): 'och xojob yo' 'oy 

lA, 8F, 31 A. 

lotz' 9A1. 

person who shinnies up or down a free: 

lotz'om 9A1; jlotz'el 9Al. 

shinny up or down a free: lotz'tay 9A1. 

castiUan jom 9A2, 15A7; jom 9A2. 

charter a ship: 'ak' tojol jom 9A2; toj jom 

9A2. 

freight a ship: mak jom 9A2. 

ship passage: tojol jom 9A2; tojol pasojel la 

jom 9A2. 

ship passenger: jp'asojel la jom 9A2. 

camisa 15A4, 31C; xojobU 31C. 

neck of shirt: niUc' camisa 15A4, 31C. 

toss arms of one's shirt over one's shoulders: 

jelp'un 31. 

(bad word): tzo' 7B; tzo'U 7B. 

person covered with shit jtza'nel 7B, 7G; 

jtza'nom 7B, 7G. 

k'achk'onel 7E. 

shiver from fear or cold: k'achk'on 7E, 8A. 

shiver with cold: k'achk'on la sUc 7E. 8A; 

telton ta sUc 7E, 8A. 

xonobil 31C. 

(horse): 'ak' xonob chij 25; 'och 'u'un xonob 

chij 25; 'otes xonob chij 25. 

put on shoes: lap 31. 

shoe with thin sole and low heel: lam xonobU 

31C. 

lapot xonob 31. 

(horse): 'ak'bil xonob 25; 'oy xonob 25. 

shoemaker's last p'isol xonobil 31 A. 

(birds, cattle, dogs): yo lOD. 25. 

shoo flies: yo 'us 6E. lOD; yo Ho 6E. lOD. 

(for chickens or dogs): 'ux 25. 

yobU lOD. 

yo lOD. 

ni' 21E2; tuk'ayvan 21E2. 

(arrow): yalbaj 21E2. 

(arrow, crossbow): yalbay 21E2. 

(lombard gun, harquebus, etc.): mk'av 21E2; 

tuk'ay 21E2. 

(long objects, dart, staves, arrows): yal 21E2. 

shoot at yalbay 21E2. 

shoot sfraight melel bat 'u'un 8F, 21E2. 

harquebus shooter: tuk'ajom 21E1; 

jtuk'ayvanej 21E1. 

shooter of harquebus or lombard gun: 

tuk'avU 21E1. 

komkom 3. 

become short: komoj 3. 

cut short bik'tajes 3. 
454 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

short-Uved 

short-sighted 

shortcut 

shot 

shoulder 

shout 

shouter 

shove 

shovel 

show 

shrimp 

shrink 

shriveled 

shroud 

shrouder 

shmnken 

shut 

shuttie 

sick 

sickle 

sickness 

k'ox 18E. 

be short-sighted: mo natuk 'Uvan 8F, 33; 

mu natuk 'U 'osU 8F, 33; mu natuk bat 

sat 8F, 33; mu natuk k'ot sat 8F, 33. 

mukul be 9A1,12. 

take a shortcut k'ej 9A1. 

tuk' 21E2. 

(harquebus): yalel 21E2. 

nekebU 7A. 

'ov 8C1. 

shout loudly: xUcitxUcit 'avan 8C1. 

j'avanel 8C1; j'ov 8C1. 

jipulanel k'obU 9D; jipun k'ob 9D; takultay 

9D; takiUtayvanej 9D. 

pech'pech' te' [flat stick or wood] 14, 26B. 

'ak' 'U U; chanantas 11; vinajes 11; ye 11. 

show oneself ostentatiously or not: jam ba 

16Q. 

show the way: 'ak'bey 'U be U; chanantas 

tabe U. 

show to: 'ak'bey 'U U. 

tzajal choy [red fish] 6D, 14D1. 

large shrimp: jit 6D. 

(as some kinds of caterpUlars or gmbs do 

when they are touched): mutz ba 6G. 

(as when being whipped on the back): yak' 

pat 7E, 21C. 

shrink or withdraw from noise or impediment ch'an chi 8C1, 9A1; ch'an-chi 

8C1,9A1. 

(hand, foot): chubbU 33. 

become shriveled (hand, foot): chub ba 33. 

pix chame-vinUc 18E, 31; pixobU chamevinUc 18E, 31C; vol ta pok' 18E, 31; 

volobil chame-vinUc 18E, 31C. 

jpix chame vinik 18E. 

shmnken up: yak'al pat 33. 

shut oneself up: mak ba 9C; mak-nai ba 9C. 

shut up (bread, wine): nak' 9C, 22C, 23A. 

buk' 31A. 

be or get sick: cham 33. 

be sick: kolo' 'osU 'a'i [feel evU time] 14E, 

33. 

be sicker: jelav 'ip 33. 

become sick: k'unk'un 'osU 'a'i [feel gradual 

time] 14E, 33. 

become very sick: taoj "olonton [have 

reached one's heart] 14B6, 33. 

get sick: taot ta chamel 33. 

sick person: jchamel 33. 

hoz 15A11. 26B; lukbayabU 'ixim 26. 26B; 

lukbayabil jobel 26B; xotxot tak'in 26B. 

chamel 33; kola'al 'osU [evil time] 14E, 33. 

spread sickness: ch'amel 33. 

side 

siesta 

sieve 

sigh 

sign 

signatm-e 

sUence 

sUent 

silk 

sUkworm 

stiver 

xokobil 7A; xokon 7A; xokonil TA. 

be lying on one's side: tz'e'ey TD. 

have a stitch in the side: xokon 'a'i 33. 

lay on one's side: tz'e'lay TD. 

left side: tz'et xokon TA. 

lie on one's side: tz'e'lay TD. 

lying on one's side: tz'e'el TD. 

on botii sides: ta cha'-jechel 4. 

on each side: ta ju-jech 4; ta juju jech 4. 

on tiie other side: ta jech 4; ta patil 4. 

on three sides: la 'ox-jechel 4. 

right side: batz'i xokon TA. 

sickness or stitch in the side: xokonil chamel 

33. 

stitch in the side: xokon 33. 

place for taking a siesta: 'et'esab k'ak'al 

[heat passer] TF, 14G, 28D. 

take a siesta: 'et'es 'ipal k'ak'al [pass great 

heat] TF, 14G; 'et'es tumuch k'ak'al 7F. 

wheat sieve: chichinabil castiUan 'ixim 

15A11,26B. 

jUc' 'olonton 8C1; jUc'el 'olonton [heart sigh] 

8C1, 14B6. 

'eteUl U; tz'ibay firma U, UA, 15A2; pas 

firma U, UA, 15A2; p'is U; p'isol 11; 

vinajebal 11. 

make a sign (as when tiiey make the sign of 

the cross with thefr fingers or signal to a 

mute): p'is 7E, U, 35C. 

signs for making oneself understood: 'a'iabU 

U. 

firma U A, 15A2. 

'ak' ch'an chiuk 8C; 'uma'ijes 8C; ch'an 

chiel 8C. 

sUent person: ch'anabal vinik 8C1. 

ch'ulul seda 15A4, 31 A; seda 15A4, 31 A; 

sfrgo 15A4, 31 A. 

black silk: 'Uc'al seda 15A4, 31 A. 

sUk twist: ch'ajnuybU no 31 A; ch'ajnuybU 

sedal5A4, 31A. 

'om 6E, 31 A; 'om seda 6E, 15A4. 31 A. 

'utzU sakU tak'in 29; plata 15A3, 29; sakU 

tak'in [white metal] 14D5, 29. 

mark (silver weight of eight ounces): j-p'is 

sakil tak'in 12A, 29; marco de plata 12, 

15A3, 29. 

mark stiver: 'etelaj 'u'un 12, 29. 

marked stiver: 'eteltasbU sakU tak'in UA, 

29; julintasbil sakU tak'in UA, 29. 

stiver dross: tzo' sakil tak'in [white metal 

shit] 14B12, 14D5,29. 

stiver sheet jay-latzan sakU tak'in 29. 

stiver vein: ch'en sakil tak'in 29; lok'eb sakil 

tak'in 29. 
NUMBER 31 455 

sUver-plate 

sUversmith 

similar 

simmer 

simoniac 

simony 

simplicity 

simulation 

sin 

sinfulness 

sing 

singe 

singed 

singer 

single 

sinister 

sink 

nap' sakil tak'in 29. 

jten sakil lak'in 29A. 

k'usiuk 8G; Hech no 'ox 8G; Hech no 'ox 

tok 8G; Hech no 'ox tokuk 8G. 

something simUar: k'usitik 8G; k'usitikuk 

8G. 

bulbonet 23 A3, 

jchon k'op dios [seller of the word of God] 

14J, 15A1, 21A, 27, 35A; jchon patan 

diosl5Al,21A,27, 35A. 

chonel patan dios 15A1. 21 A. 27. 35C 

chonel sacramento 15A1. 21 A, 27, 35C 

manel patan dios 15A1, 21 A, 27, 35C 

simonia 15A1, 21A, 27, 35C. 

mu cha'-lomal k'opuk [not of two time 

words] 12,14J; mu cha'-lomaluk 12. 

pak'tayej 16N. 

•'aal 35C; 'al 35C; k'a' 35C; mul 35C; 

mulav 35C; mulU 35C; yal la 'al 35C. 

girUiood sin: tzebal mul 18B, 18C, 35C. 

grave sin: me' mul [mother sin] 14H, 35C. 

harden in sin: tzatzubes ta mul 16P, 35C. 

make person sin: mulaltas 35C. 

original sin: 'ibel muUl [root of sin] 14,35C. 

pay for another's sins: kuch 35C. 

search out sins: jak' muUl 35C. 

sin persistentiy (as a stubborn or shameless 

dog): tz'i'U-mulav 2, 6G, 16K, 16P, 35C. 

sin wiUfuUy: tzatzub la kola'al 16K, 16P. 

35C; yijub la kola'al 16K, 16P, 35C. 

womanly sin: 'antzil mul 18C, 35C. 

persistent sinfulness: tz'i'U ta muUl [doggishness in sin] 2, 14A2, 16K, 16P, 35C. 

k'eyojin 32A. 

(bfrd, frog): 'ok' 6G, 32A. 

juteb k'ak'es ID; k'an-k'ak' [biu-n yellow] 

ID, 14D3; k'an-k'ak'es ID. 

be singed: juteb k'ak' ID. 

jk'eyom 32A. 

junjun 12; juyinom 12; tuk tuk 12. 

single cabbage or lettuce leaf: j-lUdUc 5B, 

12A. 

mo meleliUc 16P; mo tojoluk 16P; valak-pat 

[behind] MBS, 16R 

'ach' IC, 9A2; but' 9A1; tz'ajey IC, 9A2; 

mul IC. 9A2; mul la Ho' IC, 9A2; mul 

ta Ho'tik IC, 9A2; potz'aj 9A2; pul 9A2; 

pul ch'ay 9A2; t'ub la Ho' IC, 9A2. 

(ground underfoot, basket, etc.): lomomet 

IB, 9A1, 22C. 

(ground when stepped on or tmnk or basket, 

or other soft object when sat upon): lom 

IB. 9A1, 22C; lomtzaj IB, 9A1, 22C; 

potz'et IB. 9A1, 22C; putz'et IB. 9A1. 

smner 

sister 

sit 

site 

sitting 

six 

six-fingered 

six-toed 

sixth 

sixty 

size 

skein 

sketch 

skill 

skillful 

skim 

skin 

22C. 

(in a boat): ch'ay ta jom 9A2. 

(water into ground): 'ul IB. IC. 9A1. 

make sink: lom 9A1; lomtzan 9A1; lomes 

9A1. 

sink to the bottom: mul ch'ay 9A1; mules 

9A1. 

jk'a'el 35A; mulavU 35A. 

become a sinner: tz'i'ub [become a dog] 

14A2, 35C. 

cause person to become a hardened sinner: 

lajel tz'i'lej la mulU 16P, 35C. 

fatiier's sister: vixU 18F. 

grandfatiier's sister: vixil 18F. 

older sisten vixU 18F. 

woman's father's sisten vix 'ixlel tol 18F. 

woman's younger sister: mukil 18F, 

sit down: nakey 7D. 

'av 4; 'osil 4. 

house site: 'av na 19,28C. 

site of abandoned town: 'av nanatik 19,21B. 

town site: 'av j-tek lum 19. 

nakal 7D. 

vak 12; vakib 12. 

six-fingered person: jvak-k'ob 33. 

six-toed person: jvak-'ok 33. 

a sixth: vak-bok'ol 12A; vak-vinkil 12A. 

'ox-vinUc 12, 12A. 

sixty day period: 'ox-vinkej k'in 12A. 

be of the same size: ko'ol muk'ul 8G, 12. 

make the same size (flat things): ko'ol 

muk'ul pas 8G, 12. 

make the same size (long, tall things): ko'ol 

'ayan 'u'un [have (thing) be born the 

same] 8G, 12, 14. 

tme size: tojolil 12. 

j-k'ob nio 12A, 31 A; nio 31 A. 

p'is 11.30. 

'a'ivanej 16C; tza 16C; tzaijel 16C. 

be skUlful: 'oy tza 16C; 'oy tzaijel 16C; 

melol na' 16C; mo 'oyuk k'usi tzotz 'a'i 

[not have anything feel hard] 14C. 16C; 

toj na' 16C. 

skillful person: 'ipal vinik 16C; baxbolal 

vinUc 16C. 

(frotii): jotz' vok lOD. 23A3; jotz'bey vok 

lOD. 23A3. 

cho' 7A; nukulal 7A. 

(grape, onion when very thin): k'u' 5B. 

animal skin: nukul chij 6F. 

change one's skin (snake): solin 6G. 

grow new skin (person, horse): solin 6G. 

shop where skins are sold: chonob nukul 27, 

28C2. 
456 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

skinned 

skinny 

skipper 

skfrmish 

skfrmisher 

skirt 

skull 

skunk 

slacken 

slackened 

slackness 

slander 

slandered 

slanderer 

slap 

slapping 

slave 

slavery 

sledgehammer 

sleep 

sleeper 

sleepiness 

sleeping 

skin (onion, snake): patU [back] 5B, 6F, 

MBS. 

skinned article: cho'ben 6F, 31 A. 

mo 'oyuk bek'tal 7C; naka bak 7C; naka 

ch'uxuv 7C; naka vuyul bakel 7C. 

skinny person: yaya vinUc 7C. 

j'U-jomal 9A2; jchabi-jomal 9A2. 

ch'Uomaj 21E; ch'ilomal 21E; yabutij 21E; 

yabutijel 21E; yabutin 21E; yabutinvanej 

21E. 

jyabutijel 21E,21E1. 

tzekU31C, 

with sweeping skirts: jochjonet k'u' 31 

jochjonet pok' 31; mesmonet k'u' 31 

mesmonet pok' 31; tastonet k'u' 31 

tastonet pok' 31, 

bakel jol 7A1; jolom 7A1, 

pooy 6A1; poyoy 6A1, 

k'un-yamaj lOD; yamaj lOD, 

yamal lOD, 

k'un-yamajel lOD; yamajel lOD, 

lot 16N; lotbey k'op 16N; lotoj 16N; puk 

16N; puk-'a'yejlal [spreading of stories] 

MJ, 16N; piUc-k'op [spreading of words] 

MJ, 16N; pukbey 16N; yaijes 16N. 

pukbU 'a'yejlal 16J. 

jlot-k'op 16N; jpuk-'a'yejlal 16N; jpuk-k'op 

16N. 

pak' ta majel 9D, 21C; pok' ta majel 9D, 

21C; ta k'ob maj 9D. 21C; t'ax ta majel 

9D, 21C; yalel 9D, 21C. 

slap given: pok'ben 9D. IOC. 21C; I'axben 

9D, IOC, 21C. 

slap on the neck: pok'el la majel te' nuk' 

9D. 21C. 

slap received: pok'benal 9D, lOB. 21C; 

t'axbenal 9D. lOB, 21C. 

pok'ponet 8C. 9D. 

mu'nat 20, 21E. 22A. 

(who has been captured): jtzok-vinik 20, 

21E, 22A. 

female slave: 'antzU mu'nat 18C, 20, 21E, 

22A. 

freed slave: kolesbU mu'nat 20. 

newly arrived slave: 'ach' 'ulel mu'nat 20. 

be freed from slavery: kol la mu'natil 20. 

bajobU 26B; majob 26B; majobU 26B. 

vay 7F; vayel 7F. 

sleep a long time: yakU-vay 2, 7F, 12. 

sleep a lot: 'ip vay 7F; yakyak vay 7F. 

j'ipal-vayel 7F. 

vayel 7F. 

sleeping person: jyakU-vayel 7F; jvayel 7F. 

sleeping place or article for sleeping (bed. 

sleepy 

sleepyhead 

sleeve 

sUce 

sliced 

sUng 

sUnger 

sUp (1) 

slip (2) 

sUpped 

sUpperiness 

sUppery 

slope 

slow 

slowness 

sluice 

small 

smaller 

matfress. ete.): vayebal 22B, 22D. 

be sleepy: cham ta vayel [die of sleep] 7F, 

14; juch'et vayel ta sat [witii sleep 

grinding one's eyes] TF, MI; tal vayel ta 

sat TF; vayet TF. 

sleepy person: jjik'avel-vayel vinUc TF; 

jnikavel TF. 

j'ipal-vayel TF, 13A; jvayel TF, 13A, 

k'ob 31 A, 

jis lOE; k'al lOE; k'ol lOE, 12; t'ol lOE. 12, 

(bread, melon): xut lOE, 12, 

single slice: j-jisjis lOE, 12A; j-k'oUc'ol 

12A; j-t'olt'ol 12A. 

sUce of bacon: j-jis tocino 12A. 15A9.23 A2; 

j-jov tocino 12A, 15A9, 23A2; j-p'as 

tocino 12A, 15A9. 23A2, 

jisbU lOE, 12; k'albU lOE. 12; t'olbil lOE. 

12, 

jimich' 21E2; jimich'aj 21E2; jimich'tay 

21E2. 

jjimich'ajel 21E1; jjimich'vanej 21E1. 

tUch'uj 8E, 9A1. 

sUp through: kuchoj ba 'och 9A1. 

tz'unbal te' 5, 26; tz'unubil 'ol te' [free's 

seed child] 5, MH. 26. 

have sUpped tiirough: kakbil 'och 9A1. 

biUlul 8E. 

biUl 8E; ch'ulul 8E; juxjonet 8E; laal ch'ulul 

8E. 

be slippery: t'abt'onet 8E, 

sUppery place: biUl 'osil IB, 8E; ch'ulul 'osil 

IB, 8E; jach'ebal IB, 8E; tilch'ujebal IB, 

8E. 

very sUppery: 'ip biUlul IB, 8E; laal bUUul 

8E. 

downhUl slope: yalebal batel IB. 

lower slopes: 'akan vitz [mountain leg] IB. 

14B10;nellej vitz IB. 

mountain slope: paych'ujeb vitz IB; paych'ujel 

IB. 

ch'aj 2C; yaya 2C. 

slow person: ch'ajU vinUc 2C. 160; yayaU 

vinUc 2C. 160. 

ch'ajUal 2C. 

'ocheb 'a'lel IC, 9A2, 26; 'ocheb Ho' IC, 

9A2, 26; be 'a'lel IC, 9A2, 26; be-o' IC. 

9A2. 26. 

bUc'ii 12; bik'fr ch'amal 12; ch'amal 12; 

komkom 12; lajal 12; machal 12. 

(cocoa, corn, peach, grains): matz'matz' 5B. 

12, 

grow smaU: bUc'taj 12, 

small part: bik'it ch'amal 12, 

mu ta 12; yalul 12, 
NUMBER 31 457 

smoky 

be smaller: juteb yalul tuk 12, 

smaller tiian: bUc'itbUc'it 8G, 12, 

smaUness bUc'itul 12; bUc'tal 12. 

smarting k'ux 33. 

smash voch' lOE. 

(eggs, avocados): t'us 5B, 6F, lOE, 23A, 

smashed t'usul lOE; voch'ol lOE; vok'bU lOE; vok'ol 

lOE. 

smell 'a'ibey 'Uc' 8D. 

smell good: mu 'ik' 8D, 

smell wonderful: mu 'utz'iel 8D. 

smelly tu 8D. 

smelter j'ulesej-tak'in 29. 

smile ch'ivet 'e ta tze'ej 7E; k'un-tze'in 7E; livet 

'e ta tze'ej 7E, 

smiling smiUng person: jtze'tzonel 7E, 16B; jtze'ej 

7E, 16B; jtze'inel 7E, 16B. 

smoke bukbon ch'ail ID; bukbonet ID; buket ID; 

chp'aU ID; lamet ch'aU ID, 

(before catching fire): bukbonet ID; biUcet 

ID; busbonet ID, 

(ffrewood): 'ik'-baltay ID, 5. 

with smoke puffing up in the distance: puket 

ch'ail ID. 

'ip Ch'aU ID; laal ch'ail ID, 8D. 8F, 

(firewood): 'Uc'-ballay ID. 8D. 8F, 

become smoky: ch*aUay ID, 8D, 8F; ch'aub 

ID, 8D, 8F. 

smoky clothes: ch'ailal pok' ID, 8D. 31. 

smoky person: ch'ailal vinik ID, 8D, 

ch'ulbU 8E; ch'ulul 8E; jos 8E; josbU 8E, 

become smootii: juxtzaj 8E, 

person who smootiis floor or wall: jch'ulvanej 

8E, 28A. 

josbU 8E, 

t'ab 'obok 8F, 22E1; t'abbey 'obok 8F. 

22E1. 

smudge person's face: t'ab sibak ta sat 7G, 

8F. 22E1. 

smudge person's hands: t'ab sibak la k'ob 

7G. 8F. 22E1. 

snaU puy 6D. 

snake chon 6C. 

snake poison: kola'al 'e chon 6F. 

snake skin: nukul 6F. 

snakebite water snake: 'uk'umal chon 6C. 

be poisoned by snakebite: tz'ot ta chon [be 

twisted by a snake] 6C, 14. 33. 

snapped k'asal lOE; k'asbU lOE; k'aval lOE; k'avbil 

lOE. 

snare xokbal 24; xokbay 24; xokob 24; xokobil 

24; yakobil 24; yakoj 24; yakojob 24; 

yokU24. 

(deer, Uons): xokbaj 24. 

smootii 

smootiied 

smudge 

snared 

snaring 

snateh 

snatehed 

snatehing 

sneeze 

sniff 

snore 

snout 

snow 

snuff 

so-so 

soak 

soap 

soapsuds 

soapweed 

soapy 

sob 

sobbing 

sociable 

soft 

soften 

softiy 

soiled 

solace 

solar 

sold 

solder 

soldered 

soldier 

faU into a snare: tek' xokob 9A1, 24; yal ta 

xokob 9A1, 24. 

faU into a snare (person): xokbay ba 9A1, 

21E. 

yakal 24; yakbil 24. 

yakojel 24; yok 24. 

poj lOB. lOD; pojvan lOB, lOD. 

pojbil lOB. lOD. 

pojel lOB, lOD. 

Hat'isan 7E, 8C1; Hat'isanel 7E, 8C1. 

'ulz"onet 7E. 8C1; 'utz'i 7E. 8C1; tas-'Uc'i 

7E.8C1. 

jolet ni' 7F. 8C1; joletel ni'U 7F, 8C1; joljon 

ni' 7E. 8C1; joljonel ni'U 7E. 8C1. 

(as of a pig): pech' 'e 6F; pech' ti' 6F. 

have a snout: pech'el ti' 6F. 

yal Hob IC. 8A. 

candle snuff: 'ak'lel candela 15A5, 22C. 

*utz"utz' taey tal 16L. 

do so-so: 'utz"utz' pas 16L; tzaibil to pas 

16L; nopbil to pas 16L. 

so-so object: jchabiej 16L, 

tz'aj ta Ho' IC, 9C; tz'ajan ta Ho' IC, 9C. 

'ak' ch'upak' 7G, 22E; 'otes ch'upak' 7G, 

22E; 'oy ch'upak' 7G. 22E; ch'upak' 7G, 

22E. 

tzo' ch'upak' [soap shit] 7G, MB 12, 22E; 

vok ch'upak' 7G, 22E. 

ch'upak' 5A. 7G. 22E. 

be soapy: 'och ch'upak' 7G. 22E. 

jUc'jon 7E, 8C1.16J; jUc'jonet 7E. 8C1, 16J. 

jUc'jonel 7E. 8C1. 16J; jUc'jonetel 7E. 8C1, 

16J, 

laal 'atU 16B, 19A; laal 'utzU 16B, 19A, 

sociable person: 'atil vinUc [penis person] 

14B9, 16B, 19A; 'utzU vinUc 16B, 19A, 

k'un-pulzan 8E; k'un-yaman 8E; k'unk'un 

8E; laan 8E, 

become soft k'unej 8E; k'unij 8E, 

k'unejes 8E; k'unijes 8E. 

(siring in water): laanejes SE. 

k'un 8C, 8E. 

'Uc'ubtasbU 8F1. 

lo'U 16A; lo'Uajel 16A; maxil [monkeyness] 

MAI, 16A; maxilajel 16A. 

k'ak'altUcU lA. 

be sold quickly: pojel bat 2C. 27. 

nap'an 29; pak'an 29. 

be soldered: nap'tzaj 29. 

become a soldier: 'och ta na 'ajval 21E1; 

chonba21El. 

division or file of soldiers: j-tos jyabutil 

12A, 21E1. 

foot soldien ch'Uom xanav ta 'ok 21E1. 
458 

sole 

solemn 

solemnity 

solicit 

soliciter 

solicitous 

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

solicitude 

solid 

solitary 

solitude 

someone 

something 

sometime 

somewhere 

son 

son-in-law 

song 

soon 

soot 

sorcerer 

sorrow 

tek'obU xonobU 7A. 

sole of foot 'ut 'okU [inside of foot] 7A, 

MB 10. 

toj labajel 16A. 

be solemn: labaney 16A. 

labanel 16 A. 

•'akan-'olaj 27; •'akan-'oltay 27; sabaj 27; 

sabaltas 27. 

soliciter who always gains a profit: jjosel 

27A. 

be solicitous: 'ak' 'olonton [give one's heart] 

14B6, 16A; bak' 'olonton [have one's 

heart move] 14B6,16A; makal 'a'i 16A. 

solicitous person: •j'akan-'ol 16A; jsabajel 

16A. 

mak'linel 16A. 

mo 'oyuk jom 8E; mu jomjomuk 8E; tonton 

[rock-lUce] 8E, 14. 

juyinom ta naklej 12, 19A; tuktuk ta naklej 

12, 19A. 

(bfrd): koticot 6B1, 12; tuktuk 6B1, 12. 

soUtary bfrd: juyinom mut 6B1,12. 

juyinomal 7C; tiUctuk naklej 7C; tuktuk 

xanbal 7C. 

much'uy 36. 

k'usi 36. 

(in the futiu-e): 'oy bak'in 2; bak'in 2; 

bak'inuk 2. 

(in the past): 'oy bak'ni 2; bak'ni 2. 

'oy buy 4; 'oy buyuk 4; buyuk 4. 

somewhere else: yanyanuk 4. 

man's son: xinch'ok nich'on 18C, 18F; 

xinch'okil nich'nal 18C, 18F; xinch'okU 

nich'on 18C, 18F. 

woman's father's or mother's brother's son 

if older tiian she: xibnelU 18C, 18F. 

woman's maternal or paternal uncle's son (if 

younger than she): mukil 18C, 18F. 

woman's son: xinch'ok 'ol 18C, 18F; 

xinch'okil 'ol 18C, 18F. 

man's son-in-law: ni'il 18C, 18F. 

k'eyoj 32A. 

begin a song: likes k'eyoj 32A; lok'es k'eyoj 

32A. 

intricate song: tz'i'lel k'eyoj [difficult song] 

14, 32A. 

person who begins a song: jlok'esej-k'eyoj 

32A. 

mo nomuk 2; va'alva'aluk 2. 

'ik'uyal ID; 'obok ID. 

sorcerer of black magic: vayajom 35F. 

bUc'tajel 'olontonU 16J; me'anajel 16J; me'anal 

16J. 

cause for sorrow: me'anajesabU 16J. 

sorrow-provoking 

sorrowful 

sorrows 

soul 

sound 

soup 

sour 

sourness 

sovereign 

sow (1) 

sow (2) 

sown 

spade 

span 

Spaniard 

motive for sorrow: bUc'tajesabU 'olontonil 

16J. 

be sorrow-provoking: me'anaj 'olonton 'u'un 

16J. 

be sorrowful: bUc'taj 'olonton 16J; me'anaj 

16J. 

sorrowful person: jme'anajel 16J. 

have sorrows: 'ip vokol 16J. 

Ch'uleUl 35C; pixanU 15C, 35C. 

vinaj 8C. 

(flutes): ch'ijet 8C, 32A. 

(heavy rain): juet IC, 8C. 

large flutes: •jomet 8C, 32A. 

make kicking sound: k'avk'onet 8C1. 9D; 

vak'vonet 8C1, 9D. 

sound beautiful: mu 'a'iel 8C. 

sound from afar: nam 8C; namet 8C. 

sound good or pretty: 'utz 'a'iel 8C. 

sound lUce a cracked beU: ch'ejch'on 8C, 

lOE, 32A. 

sound made by people passing by: linlajetel 

8C1. 9A1; Unlonetel 8C1. 9A1. 

sound of beam or support breaking: k'aslajel 

8C. lOE; k'aslajetel 8C. lOE. 

sound of cocoa being poured from one bowl 

to anotiier: chojet 8C, 23A3; ch'itet 8C. 

23A3; t'ojet 8C, 23A3. 

sound of earth falling from a height: jaxet 

IB, 8C, 9A1. 

sound of flutes together: jaxet 8C, 32A. 

sound of grinding teeth: jech'et 7E, 8C1. 

sound of horses urinating: chojet 6G, 8C1; 

ch'itet 6G. 8C1; t'ojet 6G. 8C1. 

sound of pottery smashing: ch'aklajetel 8C, 

lOE, 22C. 

sound of rainspouts: chojet IC. 8C; ch'itet 

IC, 8C; t'ojet IC, 8C. 

sound of smashing earthenware: pojlajetel 

8C, lOE, 22C. 

sound softiy (wind, breeze): •jachet lA, 8C; 

•jupet lA, 8C. 

bread soup: tz'ajbil vaj 23A. 

ch'a 8D; pajal 8D; poj 8D. 

pajal 8D. 

toj jelel 20; toj p'UU 20; toj toyol [very high] 

14. 20. 

(wheat): p'up'un 5B, 26; vaj 26. 

sow that has given buth: 'alnom chitom 6A2. 

p'up'unbil 26; vajbU 26. 

pitz 'osil 26B. 

spading: pitzel 'osil 26. 

span between thumb and forefinger: nob 12; 

nobU 12. 

ta CastiUa na 15A2.19. 
NUMBER 31 

Spanish 

spanking 

spark 

sparkle 

sparse 

spasms 

speak 

Spanish language: castillan k'op 13A. 15A2. 

franslate into Spanish: sutejes ta castillan 

k'op 13A. 15A2; sutes ta castiUan k'op 

UA, 15A2. 

pak'el ta majel chak 18B, 21C; pak'el ta 

majel nakleb 18B, 21C. 

nich k'ok* ID. 

japet 8F; leblajet 8F; xojob yan 8F; tajley 

yan 8F; tilet 8F. 

(sunbeam through a crack in the wall, stars): 

'ilz*lajet 'osU lA, 8F. 

(white hairs, poxes on tiie body): vajal 7C, 

12, 33. 

with spasms: tup' 'ik' 33. 

tzaij 13A; k'opoj 13A. 

noisUy (many people): k'opk'onet 8C1, 

13A; k'oplajet 8C1, 13A. 

speak abusively: lomlomtUc k'opoj 13A. 

speak at length: metz'aj 13A. 

speak coldly: sik-laman k'opoj 13A; sikt'ojan k'opoj 13 A. 

speak confusedly: soket k'opoj 13A; sokol 

ti' k'opoj [speak with confused Ups or 

moutii] 13A, MB, MJ. 

speak deceitfully: tzaibil k'opoj 13A, 16N; 

tzaU-k'opoj 13A, 16N; cha' lom k'opoj 

13A, 16N; cha' lom k'opojtayvan 13A, 

16N; chibal-k'opoj [speak twice] 13A, 

MJ, 16N; jotz'-k'optayvan 13A, 16N. 

speak differentiy: yan k'opoj 8G, 13A. 

speak doubtfuUy: sa'al 'olonton k'opoj [speak 

with searching heart] 13A, 14B6, MJ. 

speak elegantly: 'ajval-k'opoj 13A. 16R; 

tekpan-k'opoj [speak as a prince] 13A, 

MJ, 15B, 16R; t'ujum k'opoj 13A, 16R. 

speak eloquently: 'ajval-k'opoj [speak as a 

lord] 13A. MJ, 16R; tekpanil-k'opoj 

13A, 15B, 16R. 

speak figuratively: ta na'-tza k'op k'opoj 

[speak with imagined words] 13A, MJ. 

speak fooUshly: Hovi 13A, 16L; HovUk'opoj 13A. 16L; HovHovtik k'opoj 13A, 

16L. 

speak foully or dishonestiy: tz'i'tz'i'-k'opoj 

[speak currishly] 13A. MJ, 16N. 

speak graciously: 'utz k'opaj 16F. 16R; la 

k'opoj 13A. 16R; t'ujum 'al 13A, 16R. 

speak harmoniously: ch'ojonch'ojon k'opoj 

[speak with ropes] 13 A, 14. 

speak haughtily: sa'sa'-k'opoj 13A, 16Q; toy 

baU k'opoj 13A, 16Q. 

speak hoarsely: sojet k'opoj 13A, 33; sojom 

k'opoj 13A, 33. 

speak impatientiy or in a fit of temper: 'ip 

speaker 

speaking 

spear 

special 

specially 

specify 

spectacles 

speculate 

speculation 

speculative 

speculator 

speech 

spend 

spice 

spider 

spill 

459 

k'ak'al k'opoj [speak witii much heal] 

13A, MC, MG, MJ, 16H. 

speak importunately: ma'-ba k'opoj 13A, 

16H, 16Q. 

speak softly: k'un k'opoj 8C1, 13A; k'unk'opoj 8C. 13 A. 

speak sfraightforwardly: tuk'avU k'opoj 13 A, 

16D. 

speak vainly: ma' ba k'opoj 13A, 16L; 

sa'sa'-k'opoj 13A, 16L. 

speak with barbs: tz'i'tz'i'-k'opoj 13A, 16H, 

16Q. 

speak with doubt: chib 'olonton k'opoj 

[speak witii two hearts] 13A, 14B6, MJ. 

speak with resfraint: ta'al 'oy k'opoj 13A, 

16C, 16G. 

speak wittUy: 'utzU lo'lo k'opoj 13A, 16B, 

32; muil lo'lo k'opoj [speak fragrantiy 

and amusingly] 13A, MJ. 16B, 32. 

jk'op [he of words] MJ; jk'opojel [he of 

words] MJ. 

haughty speaker: jsa'sa'-k'op 13A, 16Q; jtoy 

baU k'op [he of self-raising words] MJ, 

16Q. 

speaker of vain things: j'ixtol-k'op 16L; 

jma' ba k'op [he of vain words] MJ, 16L. 

be on speaking terms with: k'opon ba 16D. 

not be on speaking terms with: mo 'oyuk 'U 

[not see to be tiiere] MI, 16H, 20A. 

speaking figuratively: la nopbU k'op U. 

yalbaj 21E2; yalbay 21E2; yalbayab 21E2. 

jelel 8G; p'UU 8G; p'iUl ba 8G; yan 8G, 

be special: yan tuk 8G, 

p'iUl 8G, 

biUtas U, 

'ilvanab 8F, 34. 

na'-tzai U; na'-tzaij U. 

tza U; na'-tzaijel U. 

speculative person: jtzainom U, 16C. 

jna'-tzaijel 27A. 

tzaijel 13A; k'op 13A; k'opojel 13A. 

be confused in one's speech: sa' k'op [search 

for words] 13A, MJ, 16L; sok k'op 13A, 

16L. 

elegant speech: 'ajval k'op 13A, 16R; tekpan 

k'op 13A, 15B, 16R. 

intricate speech: tz'i'lel k'op 13A, 16C. 

bat 'u'un 27; laj 'u'un 27. 

castillan 'ich 15A10, 23A1. 

chon 6E. 

small spider: 'om 6E. 

spider tiiat spins in the forests and whose 

webs seem Uke yellow siUc: xna 'om 6E. 

mal lOD. 
460 

spilt 

spin 

spindle 

spindleful 

spindlewhori 

spinner 

spinning 

spinsterhood 

spiny 

spirit 

spfrited 

spiritedly 

spiritual 

spit (1) 

spit (2) 

spittie 

splinter 

split 

spoil 

spoiled 

spoke 

sponge 

spongy 

spot 

malbU lOD. 

material being spUt maloj lOD. 

material that has been spilt: malben lOD. 

nauj 31 A; nauy 31 A. 

(top): 'ak'otajes 32B, 

ch'alob tuxnok' 31 A; petet 31 A. 

spindleful of thread: petetal 31 A. 

tzek petet [spindle skirt] 14, 31 A. 

jnajel 3IB; jnaujel 3IB. 

najel 31 A; naujel 31 A. 

mu lekav xanbal 18D. 

ch'bcal 3, 5. 

'Uc' [breatii, afr or wind] 14B5, 35D; HobU 

[breatii] 14B5, 35D. 

•kata 16B, 16E. 

spirited person: bili-ba 16B, 16E; biU-ba 

vinUc 16B, 16E. 

waUc spuitedly: bili-batik xanav 9A1. 16B, 

16E; •katatik xanav 9A1, 16B, 16E. 

ch'uul 35C. 

tubU 7B; tubin 7E. 

voob 22C; voobil 22C. 

lUcokil 7B. 

ch'uch'ul te' 5; jatalul 5. 

jat 9D, lOE; jatal 9D, lOE; jalbil 9D, lOE; 

jav 9D, lOE; javbU 9D, lOE; t'ajal 9D, 

lOE; t'ajalU 9D, lOE; t'ajel 9D. lOE; 

t'oxbenal 9D, lOE; t'oxU 9D. lOE. 

(as the ground, fresh tile or green wood does 

in tiie sun): tzUc* lA. IB. 9D, lOE; t'aj 

lA, 9D. lOE. 

(firewood, wood): jat 5, 9D, lOE; jav 5, 9D, 

lOE; t'ox 9D, lOE. 

badly spUt t'ajajtik 9D. lOE. 

be split in two: cha'-jech t'oxey 9D. lOE. 

deUberately spUt t'oxbil 9D, lOE. 

spUt gradually: •chal 2C. 9D, lOE. 

spUt in two: cha'-jot 'ayan 9D, lOE, 12A; 

cha'-t'ox 'ayan 'u'un 9D, lOE, 12A; 

cha'-t'ox cha'ley 9D, lOE, 12A; cha'-t'ox 

t'ox 9D, lOE, 12A. 

split open (cotton, ripe pomegranate): jam 

5B, 9D, lOE; tuk 5B, 9D, lOE. 

split with wedges: pajchuchuy 9D. 28. 

tz'i'lejes lOE. 23A; tz'i'ley lOE, 23A; tuib 

lOE, 23A. 

tz'i'leybU lOE, 23A. 

k'ob [arm] MB 10, 25B; rayo 15All, 25B. 

pok'-ton [slapping stone] 6F, 14. 

jom ta 'ut 8E; naka jom 8E; pok'ol 8E. 

spongy quince: pok'ol membrillo 5B, 8E, 

15A10. 

spongy wood: pok'ol te' 5, 8E. 

'ik'ubal 22E1; pUc'ixlay 22E1, 

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

spotted 'Uc'ubaltik 22E1; pUc'ix 22E1; pUc'ixtik 

22E1. 

become spotted: pUc*ixtay 22E1. 

spouse (man or woman): nup 18C. 18D. 

spout t'oj lOD. 

(of liquid): t'ojel lOD. 

sprain tz'otbenal 33; tz'otel 33; tz'otobU 33; 

tz'otp'inel 33. 

sprain one's wrist tzUc' k'ob 33; tzUc'esbey 

k'ob 33. 

spray spray witii the mouth: pumalay 7E. 

spread spread news: puk 'a'yej U. 

spread out: 'epuj 3; Uch' 3; Uch'anbil 3; 

lich'bU 3; lich'U 3. 

spread out (biu-den): 'epub 3. 

sprig k'ob te' [free arm] 5, MB 10. 

spring bulbux IC; bulinab IC; lok'eb IC; ni-nab 

Ho' [sea nose water] IC, 14B4; ni-o' 

[water nose] IC. 14B4; xni-nab IC. 

place abounding in springs: bulbuxlik IC; 

ni-o'tUc IC. 

rainy season spring: bulbuxtUc IC, 2B. 

spring from: ta tojol lok' 9A1. 

sprinkle vitz' IC, lOD; vitz' Ho' IC. lOD. 

(witii the hand or hyssop): vitz'es IC, lOD. 

sprout 35C. 

'unenal [baby] 5. MH. 26; 'unenal nich 

[baby flower] 5, MH, 26; k'exbon 5, 26; 

k'exbonaj 5, 26; k'exlomaj 5, 26; lok' 5, 

26; lup 5,26; ni' [nose] 5,14B4,26; ni'in 

5, 26; tuk 5, 26; yijub 5. 26. 

(plant): lok' k'exbon 5. 26. 

(when partly grown): lok' te'el 5, 26. 

sprouted tzakal 5. 26; yijil 5. 26. 

sprouting ch'ixil 5, 26. 

(seedling): buchul 5. 26. 

spur espuela 15A9. 25B; julobU caballo 15A9, 

25B. 

spurt tok' lOD. 

spy jpa'i 8F. 16N. 21E. 

spy on: nach'itay 8F. 16N, 2IE; nach'itayvan 

8F. 16N. 21E; pa'i 8F. 16N, 21E. 

spy who watches the road: jpa'i-be 8F, 9A1, 

16N. 21E. 

spying pa'i 8F. 16N, 21E. 

squadron j-tos ch'ilom 12A, 21E1; j-tos jyabutil 12A, 

21E1. 

squander ch'ay 21D; ch'ay 'u'un 21D; laj 'u'un 21D; 

ma'-batik lajes 2ID. 

squandered m u tojoluk bat 21D. 

be squandered: laj 21D; ma'-batik bat lOD, 

21D, 2T; ma'-batik laj lOD. 21D. 2T; mu 

vinaj bal [not see where it goes] lOD, 

MI, 21D, 2T. 
NUMBER 31 

squanderer 

square 

squared 

squash (1) 

squash (2) 

squat 

squatting 

squeak 

squeamish 

squeeze 

squeezer 

squint 

squint-eyed 

squirrel 

stab 

stabber 

stable 

stack 

staff 

stag 

stagger 

stagnant 

stain 

stained 

stair 

stake 

stale 

StaUion 

jlajesvanej lOD, 16P, 21D. 2T; ma'-batik 

jlajesel lOD, 16P. 21D. 2T. 

chan-xuk' 3; chan-xuk'es 3. 

carpenter's square: chan-xuk'esabU 3. 26B, 

28B. 

be squared: chan-xuk' 'ayan [have four 

corners be born] 3, 14. 28. 

(a kind like a melon): ch'um 5B. 

(large and long): mail 5B. 

squash cooked in a pit: bontabU maU 23A3. 

(figs): t'us 5B, 23A. 

chotey TD; chotiej TD. 

make person squat: chotan TD. 

chotol TD. 

tz'iet 8C. 

be squeamish: 'ibet 'olonton 16J; xexon 

'olonton [with a vomiting heart] 14B6. 

16J. 

pitz' 9D. 

pitz'ob 9D. 22C. 

(as when they aim a bow and arrow): 

tz'e'-sati [eye sideways] TE, 8F, 14B2, 

21E2. 

tz'o'tz'o' sal 33; tz'o'el satil 33. 

chuch 6A1. 

Jul 9E, lOE, 33; jul ta majel lOE, 33; xen 

lOE, 33; yalel lOE, 33. 

Slab witii a lance: xen ta majel lOE. 21E2.33. 

Slab wound: julbenal lOE, 33; julel lOE, 33. 

jjulvanej 21 A, 

lo'bajeb cabaUo 15A9, 28C1; lo'bajeb chij 

28C1; lo'ob chij 28C1; na caballo 15A9, 

28C1; vayeb caballo 15A9, 28C1, 

j-vutz' 3, 

nam-te'U [distance stick] 9A1,14. 

pilgrim's staff: nam-te'U 31C, 35B, 

chij6Al. 

nechnon TE, 9A1; nUc TE. 9A1; va'von 7E, 

9A1. 

become stagnant tz'antzaj IC, lOE; tz'antzayaj IC. lOE; tz'aney IC, lOE, 

'Uc'ubal 8F1, lOE, 22E1; kola'ajes 8F, lOE, 

22E1; pUc'ixlay 8F, lOE, 22E1, 

pik'ix 8F, lOE, 22E1; pUc'ixtik 8F, lOE, 

22E1. 

be stained: kola'aj 8F. lOE. 22E1, 

become stained: pUc'bctay 8F, lOE, 22E1. 

muyebal 28D; tek'obal 28D. 

slake for hanging things: 'oy 28D. 

'ech'om 8D, 23A; tzotz 8D, 23A; k'oxox 

8D. 23A; poko' 8D. 23A. 

grow stale: tzatzub 8D. 23A. 

grow stale (bread): takij 8D. 23A. 

mulav caballo [sinful horse] 6A2, MA, 

stamp 

stand 

standard 

standing (1) 

standing (2) 

star 

start 

started 

starting 

startled 

starvation 

starve 

starving 

slate 

statement 

statue 

status 

461 

15A9; nich'naj cabaUo 6A2, 15A9. 

breeding stalUon: mulav cabaUo 6A2,15A9, 

18C; nich'naj caballo 6A2, 15A9, 18C, 

horse that takes mares: japivan caballo 6A2, 

15A9, 18C. 

sello9D, UA, 15A2. 

stamp loudly: tek'tonet 'ok 8C1,9D; tek'ulan 

8C1,9D. 

va'i 7D. 

stand at attention: chan-xuk' [four corner] 

7D. 14. 

stand still (animal): kotaj 6G. 

stand StUl (deer, horse): ch'an-chi kotol 6G. 

stand StUl (person): ch'an-chi va'al 7D. 

Stand up: va'i 7D. 

stand up (candle): kajan ID, 4; kajey ID, 4. 

stand up (pole, person): va'an 4. 7D. 

lok'om 20. 21E2, 35B. 

(human): va'al 4, 7D. 

be standing in heavy growth: kujul 4, 7D. 

standing in heavy growth: k'alal 4, 7D. 

standing place: va'leb 4, 7D. 

standing position: va'lej 4, 7D. 

standing there: lum va'al 4, 7D. 

be of high standing: p'iUl 'ak'el 20. 

be of low standing: bet'bU 'ak'el 20. 

high standing: 'ak'ol 'ak'vanej 20; jelel 

'ak'el 20; jelel 'ak'vanej 20; jelel 'ayanel 

20; p'ilU 'ak'vanej 20; p'iUl 'ayanel 20; 

toyol 'ayanel 20. 

low standing: 'olon 'ak'el 20; bet'bU 'ak'vanej 

20; bet'bU 'ayanel 20. 

person in low standing: 'olon vinik 20; 

'olonil vinUc 20; bet'balal 20; bet'bil vinUc 

[pushed down person] 14, 20. 

social standing: 'ak'el 20; 'ayanel 20. 

k'anal lA. 

morning star: muk'ta k'anal 2A. 

(dispute): jut 2, 20A. 

lUcesbU 2. 

starting point: likel 'oy 2. 

be startied: xi' U. 

'uch'uyel 21D. 23A3. 

'uch'uy 21D, 23A3; 'uch'uyel *a'i 21D, 

23A3. 

starve lo deatii: 'uch'uy 18E. 21D, 23A3. 

starving person: j'uch' 21D,23A3;j'uch'uyel 

21D,23A3. 

natural state: 'ayanel 4. 

'alben U; 'utben U. 

joch'bU lok'ob-baU 30; k'ojbU lok'ob-bail 

30; k'ojol ba 30; lok'ob-ba 30. 

statue maker: jjcx:h' lok'ob bail 30A. 

rise in status: toy jol [lift one's head] MBI, 
462 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

Slay 

steal 

stealtiiily 

steam 

stem 

stench 

step 

StepchUd 

stepmother 

stepping 

sterile 

sterility 

stern 

steward 

stick (1) 

stick (2) 

sticking 

sticky 

stiff 

stiffen 

StiU 

sting 

stink 

16C, 20; vUc* sat [have one*s eyes open] 

14B2,16C, 20. 

jok*ej 2,4; kom 2,4; Halej 2,4. 

person who forces another to slay behind: 

jtzajal-komesvanej 9A1. 

slay overnight: 'olanabU 2A, 19A. 

'eUc'aj 21A; 'eUc'an 21A; 'ochan 21A; 

'ocholaj 21 A. 

be easy to steal: 'utz 'eUc'anel 21A; ta 

'eUc'anel 21A; tak' 'eUc*anel 21A. 

easy to steal: matanal 'eUc'anel [gift robbery] 

14, 21A. 

tiptoe StealtiiUy: k'un-Ut'ovaj 7D, 8C1, 9A1, 

16N; Ut'lonet 7D, 8C1,9A1,16N; lit'ovaj 

7D, 8C1, 9A1,16N. 

sabtay IC; sob IC; sobet IC. 

(waU or clotii): ch'ailay IC. 22E, 31 A. 

fmit stem: 'uxub 5; tzakleb 5. 

have stench spread: tuil jUc'et 8D. 

j-kajal 12A; j-koj 12A; tek'van 9A1. 

(as when we count the steps of a stafrcase): 

j-k'ol 12A. 

(for ascending): muyebal 28D, 28D1. 

step on: tek' 9A1; tek'van 9A1. 

with a soft step: k'un 8C1, 9A1. 

man's stepchild: jun nich'on 18C, 18F. 

woman's stepchild: 'aljun 18C, 18F. 

jun me'il 18F. 

stepping stone: 'ech'eb 'uk'um IB, 9A2. 

nap'e 18C, 33; toj te' 18C, 33. 

become sterile: 'och ta nap'eU 18C, 33; 

nap'ey 18C, 33. 

nap'eU 18C, 33; nap'eyel 18C, 33. 

ne jom [canoe tail] 9A2, MBS. 

'okalpix 35A. 

reUgious steward: jchabi-na 35A. 

stick being poked into fire: chuchoj ID, 9E. 

(bfrds or feathers in bfrdlime): tzoytzaj 24. 

stick on: nap' 9D; nap'an 9D; nochan 9D. 

stick on (graft): tz'ak 9D, 26; tz'ak ba 9D. 26. 

stick to: nap'tzaj 9D; nap'lajan 9D; nap'lajet 

9D; nochlajet 9D. 

tzoyob 9D; tz'akav 9D. 

'ip nap'ap'ul SE. 

(bfrdlime, honey): nap'ap' 6E, 8E, 23A, 24. 

stiff with cold: •chalopol 8A, 8E, 33; 

•chaxopol 8A, 8E, 33. 

(corpse): •te'-xochtay 18E; te'ub [become 

stick-Uke] 14,18E. 

lana to 2. 

(wasp): ti' 33. 

'oy mil 8D; k'ojoj 8D; laal tuU 8D; xinal 

8D; toj 'ep tuil 8D; tuil 8D. 

(coal, shirt): tuib 8D, 31. 

slir 

begin to stink: xinub 8D. 

stinking (as some meats or human sweat): xin 7B, 

8D, 23A2. 

juy 9F, 23A3; juyilan 9F, 23A3. 

fire being stirred: chuchoj ID, 9F. 

person who stfrs: jjuy-Ho' 9F. 22A. 23A3. 

person who stfrs the fire: jchuchvanej ID, 

9F, 22A, 

stir tiie fire: chik' ID, 9F; chik'uian ID, 9F; 

chuch k'ok' ID, 9F, 

stfr the ffre (causing flames): tiles ID, 9F. 

stir up: bak'es 9F, 2IE, 

juybil 9F. 

become stirred up (water by wind or storm): 

nik lA, IC; pumlajet lA, IC. 

juyob 22C. 

cocoa stirrer: •'uya 22C. 

esfribo 15A9. 25R; tek'ob lak'in 25B. 

' jul31A. 

joy-te' 28C3; makob te' 28C3; tenam te' 

15B. 28C3. 

make a stockade: kukub-te'e 28. 28C3. 

xoj 'ok 31C; xojobU 31C; xojobU 'ok 31C. 

stocking foot xojob 'ut 'ok 31 A; xojobil 'ut 

'okU 31A. 

tzukutzil 7A1. 

pit of tiie Stomach: ni' 'olontonU [nose or 

end of the heart] 7A1,14B4. 

ten IB; tenobaj IB; tenvan IB; ton IB. 

corner of a stone: xuk'av ton IB. 3. 

lay stones: ch'uban IB. 28; ch'ubay IB. 28. 

lay stones (as do the officials): ch'ubaj IB, 

20. 28. 

most precious stone of all: k'an-ch'ixal ton 

27B. 29. 

precious stone: jayal ton 27B. 29. 

throw (stone): ten IB. 9B. 

throw of a stone: ten IB. 9B. 

throw stones: tenobaj IB. 9B. 

franslucent stone: chak-xojan ton IB, 8F1. 

stonecutter j'an-ton 28A. 

stonemason jtz'al-ton 28A. 

stony 'ip ton IB. 

stop 'olan 2; ch'anantas 2; ch'ani 2; ch'anies 2; 

kiktzaj 2; maktzajes 2; maktzan 2. 

(animal): kotaj 2, 6G. 

(bleeding): mak 2, 7E, 33; paj 2, 7E, 33. 

stop in one's fracks: ch'ani la 'anU 2, 9A1; 

komtzaj 2,9A1; va'an ba 2,9A1. 

stop moving (inanimate object): kUctzaj 2, 

9A1; komtzaj 2, 9A1; naktzaj 2, 9A1. 

stopped kikU 2. 

store tienda 15A2, 27, 28C2. 

shut up: nak' 9C. 

stirred 

stirrer 

stirmp 

stitch 

stockade 

stocking 

stomach 

Stone 
NUMBER 31 463 

Store in one's mind (to do or say at a later 

date): tz'ibay ta 'olonton [write in one's 

heart] 2.13A, 14B6. 

storekeeper jchabi-tienda 15 A2.27 A; jchon-p'olmal 27 A; 

jchonojel 27 A. 

Storeroom chabiabU 28C2. 28D. 

stork sak-'ichi 6B1. 

stormy be stormy: tinet 'Uc' lA; tinet Ho' lA, IC. 

story 'alobil 11; kuyel 11; kuyobU 11. 

ten stories: 'abtelan U; kuy U; vokoUj 11; 

stove vokoUn U, 

pus ID. 22C. 

Sfraight melel 3; meleluk 3; tojol 3; tojoluk 3; 

tuk'tuk' 3. 

(upright poles): va'al 3. 28; va'aluk 3, 28. 

Sfraighten tz'otan 3. lOA; tz'otii 3. lOA; tz'otp'ijes 3. 

lOA; tz'otp'in 3. lOA. 

Sfraighten a crooked staff or stick: patz' 3. 

lOA. 

sfraighten with one's hands (beam): tojobtas 

3,7E1,10A,28. 

sfraightforward tojol 16D. 

sfraightforward- tojol k'op [sfraight words] MJ, 16D; tojol 

ness xanbal [sfraight life or walk] 14, 16D. 

sfrain (through a cloth): chichin 23A3. 

sfrainer chichinab 22C; chichinabU 22C. 

sfrait (1) bUc'tal nab IC. 

sfrait (2) sfrait times (with hunger): yubul' osil [narrow 

time] ME, 2ID. 

sfrange toj yantik 8G. 

sfranger mo li'uk na 8G, 19. 

sfrangle jiban 18E, 21A; mU 18E, 21A. 

Sfrangled jibbU 18E, 21A; milbU 18E, 21A. 

animal or person being sfrangled: miloj 6, 

18E, 21A. 

sfrangled animal or person: mUben 6, 18E, 

21A. 

sfrap cap (or) hat sfrap: 'ak'U 31C. 

leatiier helmet sfrap: ch'ajnul 21E2. 

sfrapado lUcanel ta ch'ojon 21C. 

sfraw jobel 5, 25. 

sfray sfray off the Une or path: k'ejp'uj 9A1, lOD; 

nijp'uj 9A1, lOD. 

Sfream bik'tal 'uk'um IC; bUc'tal Ho' IC. 

Sfreambed dry sfreambed: taki-'uk'um IC, SB; takitontik [dry rocks] IC. SB, 14. 

sfreet 'ol nanatik [heart houses] 9A1, 14B6,19. 

Sfrength 'ip 7C, 16E; 'ipajel 7C, 16E; bak-julanil 7C, 

16E; tzatzubel 7C, 16E; tzatzubtasel 7C. 

16E; yijU 7C. 16E; yijubel 7C. 16E. 

(man): tzatzal 7C. 16E, 

regain one's sfrength: 'ipaj 16E. 34; tzatzub 

16E. 34; pas ba 16E. 34, 

sfrengthen 'ipajes 16E, 28; 'och tzatzubeb 'u'un 7E, 

16E, 28; 'och tzatzubesabil 'u'un 7E, 

16E, 28; tzatzubes 7E, 16E, 28; tzatzubtas 

7E, 16E, 28; yijubes 7E, 16E, 28, 

sfrengthened be sfrengthened: 'ipaj 7E, 16E, 28, 

sfretch xach' 9D. 

place where cloth is sfretehed out k'ianabil 

9D. 31A; k'iebal 9D. 31 A. 

Sfretch out k'i 9D; k'ian 9D; xach'omaj 9D. 

Sfretch out (clotiiing. clotii): k'i 9D, 31 A. 

stride lengthen one's stride: xach' 7E, 9A1. 

strike person who strikes or wounds anotiier witii 

a hammer or rammen jten-tak'in 21 A, 

21E2; jtenvanej 21C, 21E2. 

strike with one's fist tij ta majel la k'ob 9D. 

21C. 

string (beads): tz'is 7E1, 3IE. 

(garlic): tz'isbU tuix 3. 5B; j-jU ajos 3, 5B, 

15A10. 

(garlic, onions): choj 3, 5B; ch'ajnuybil tuix 

3,5B;j-jU3,5B. 

(onions): jilbil tuix 3, 5B. 

siring of beads: j-choj cuentas 3,12A, 15A4, 

3 IE; j-jU cuentas 3. 12A. 15A4. 3 IE. 

sfriped kapal bon 8F1; kapal naul 8F1. 

striped clotii (with stripes of one color): 

•'ibalpok'8Fl,31A. 

sfrong 'ik 16E; 'ip 16E; 'ip tzatzal 16E; bak-julan 

16E; tzotz 16E. 

(animal): 'ip'ip 6, 16E. 

be sfrong (Uke a bone): ch'ijch'onet 7A1, 

16E. 

become sfrong: tzatzub 7E, 16E; yijub 7E, 

16E. 

become sfrong (sun, rain, wind, child): 'ipaj 

lA, IC. 7E. 16E. 18B. 

not be sfrong enough: mu tabey 'ipal 16L, 33. 

sfrong person: yijil vinUc 7C. 16E. 

stmggle poch'i 20A; poch'i ba 20A; poch'iel 20A; 

poch'ivanej 20A. 

stubborn stubborn person: jma' ba k'op [he of vain 

words] MJ, 16K. 

stubbornly ma'-batUc 16K, 

stuck kakal 4, 

(unable to be pushed in or pulled out): kUcil 4. 

be stuck between two objects (as frees that 

faU and are caught in tiie branches of 

others): kaktzaj 4, 

become stuck: tz'akoj ba 4; kUctzaj 4, 

stuck on: nap'anbU 4; nap'bil 4; nochanbU 4, 

student jchan-k'op [learner of words] UA, MJ; 

jchan-Hun [paper learner] UA, 14. 

studiously toj mak'linej U A. 

study chanantas ba UA; p'ijub UA. 

(in school): chan k'op UA; chan Hun UA. 
464 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

Stuff 

stuffed 

Stumble 

stumbling 

Stump 

stung 

stunned 

stupefaction 

stupefied 

stupefy 

stupid 

stupidity 

sturdy 

stutter 

stutterer 

study music: chan k'eyoj UA, 32A. 

study of music or singing: chanob k'eyoj 

11A,32A. 

study of Spanish: chanob castUlan k'op 11 A, 

15A2. 

study of the doctiine: chanel k'op dios UA, 

15A1. 35C, 

tek' 9E, 

(food into one's mouth): kam 9E. 23A4, 

stiiff in (witii tiie hand): net' 7E1, 9E; net' 

ta nojesel 7E1, 9E; net'bU nojes 7E1,9E, 

stuff in by stepping on: tek' ta nojesel 9E. 

smff oneself: pul 9E, 23A4; pules 9E, 23A4. 

kUc'bU 9E; nojesbU 9E. 

be stuffed in: net'bU nojel 9E. 

be stuffed witii food: sit 9E, 23A4. 

feel stiiffed: ton-ch'utuy [have rock-like 

Stomach] 9E, 14. 23A4. 

feeling stuffed: ton-ch'utuyel 9E, 23A4. 

person stuffed with food: jsitel 23A4. 

tz'ukuUn 'ok 9A1; tz'ukuUnel 'ok 9A1. 

object one stumbles over: tz'ukulinabU 'okil 

9Al;p'osiabU'okil9Al. 

stumble over: p'osi 'ok 9A1. 

stumble over dirt: tz'ukulin lum IB. 9A1. 

p'osiel 'ok9Al. 

chuman te' 5. 

badly smng: ti'bentik 6G, 33. 

be stunned: samet 'osU [feel darkening time] 

ME, 33; sutet 'osU 'a'i [feel ground 

whfrUng around] ME, 33. 

pek'aU 33. 

be stupefied: bolib 33; ch'ay ch'ulel [lose 

one's soul] 14B7, MC, 33; mu 'a'i ba 

[not feel oneself] MC, 33; pek'aub 33. 

bolibes 33; pek'aubtas 33. 

bol 16L; kokkok 16L; mak-bol 16L; makbolU 16L; mo 'oyuk p'ijil 16L; naka k'op 

[just words] MJ. 16L; ton-kok 16L; 

HovHovtik ba 16L. 

be stupid: mo 'oyiUc ch'ulum-ti'il [not have 

polished lips or mouth] 14B5, 16L; mo 

k'usi na' 16L. 

stupid person: boUl vinik 16L; •Unko vinik 

16L; mak-bol vinik 16L; mak-bolU vinik 

16L; naka vinik 16L; pek'a vinUc 16L; 

•Hona vinik 16L. 

bolU 16L; kokU 16L; mak-bolU 16L; pek'aU 

k'op [stupid or incompetent words] MJ. 

16L; ton-kokil [stone deafness] 14, 16L. 

yij 16E. 

sesentik 'ok' 13A, 33; sesentUc k'opoj 13A, 

33. 

jsesen-'ok' 13A, 33; jsesen-'ok'U 13A, 33. 

style 'ilel 3; talel 3; Hech pasel 3; Hech talel 3. 

subdue subdue self: bUc'tajes ba [make oneself 

small] 14F2. 

subject (1) 'alantas 16E; 'alantasbU 16E; bet' 16E; 

bet'oj 16E. 

subject (2) have subject be revived: 'ayan k'op 13A; 

cha'-'epaj k'op 13A; cha'-vinaj k'op 13A. 

subject being studied: chanob UA. 

subject to be studied: chanbol U A. 

what is tiie subject?: k'usi j-tekuk 'al 13A; 

k'usi la k'op 13A; k'usi la k'oplal k'opoj 

13A. 

bet'bU 16J. 

'alantasej 16F; 'alantasel 16F; bet'oj 16F. 

mules IC, 9A2, 9C. 

(ship, canoe): mul ch'ay IC. 9A2. 9C. lOE; 

pul ch'ay IC. 9A2.9C. lOE. 

'alantas 16F; 'alantas ba 16F; bUc'tajes ba 

[reduce oneseU] 14.14F2, 16F. 

submit to: 'och ta 'olon 16F; pas ba ta 'olon 

[make oneself at tiie bottom] 14.16F. 

'ak'ebU 16F; 'etesbU 16F. 

'ak' k'exol 16N; 'ak' lok'ol 16N; k'exbon 

16N; k'exel 16N; k'exol 16N; k'extay 

16N; lok'ol 16N; jlok'tay 16N. 

muk' k'op [big words] U. 13A. MJ; muk' 

ta k'op U, 13A; toj 'utz U; toj lek 'Uel 

U; toj lek tzaibil pasel U. 

'utzUll;lekU U. 

ti' nanatikil na [mouth or edge of the houses] 

14B5, 19. 

yal ta k'exol 16C; Halej 16C. 

succeed in: nat 'U [see far] MI, 16C; natij lek 

[go good and far] 14,16C. 

be succeeded by: k'exey batel 18F, 20. 

'utzintasbU 16C. 

successful person: j'utzintasvanej 16C, 

k'exolU 18F, 20; lok'ol 18F, 20, 

Hech SG, 

such a thing: chak Hech 8G, 

such as: Ha' Hech SG. 

(as when they suck a bone): tz'utz'un 7E, 

23A4. 

(as when they suck thefr fingers or lick the 

bowl): butz' 7E, 23A4. 

(as when they suck tiiefr lips after drinking): 

pach' ti' 7E, 23A4. 

show desfre to suck (baby): tzobtzob tzobUan 

7E, 18B. 

sucked object being sucked: tz'utz'unej 7E. 

sucker k'exbon 5. 

produce suckers (free): k'ex 5; k'exbonaj 5. 

sucking (animal): chu'nom 6G. 

suddenly j-lUcel 2C; toj likel 2C. 

subjected 

subjection 

submerge 

submit 

submitted 

substitute 

subtie 

subtlety 

subiu-b 

succeed 

succeeded 

successful 

successor 

such 

suck 
NUMBER 31 

sue 

suede 

suffer 

suffering 

sugarcane 

suit 

suitable 

sulphur 

sum 

summer 

summery 

summon 

summoned 

sun 

sunbeam 

Sunday 

sunk 

sunken 

sue at law: k'an ch'akel ta tz'el 20A. 

sue at law (criminal, debtor, accuser): jam ta 

tz'el jch'akel 20A, 21 A, 27. 

josbU nukul 31 A; sak-jos 31 A. 

(aUowing others to be saved as when tiie 

Innocents died instead of tiie Christians): 

maki ya 16A, 16J, 35C. 

person who suffers for another: jmakiej-ya 

16J. 

suffer for another: makibey 16J. 

suffer for another's sins: tz'ik 16J; laj ta tojol 

16J; yain 16J. 

suffer from: •tzein 16J, 33. 

•tze 16J, 33; ya 16J, 33. 

suffering of tiie soul: 'olontonil ya 16J, 35C; 

'olontonU yaijel 16J, 35C. 

vale' 5B. 

sugarcane press: pitz'ob vale' 23A3. 

suit at law: k'oplal 20A. 

lek *oy 16A. 

consider if suitable: 'ich' tza 16A. 

lum ch'ameb k'ok' IB; lum nop'eb k'ok' 

IB; nop'eb k'ok' IB; ton ch'ameb k'ok' 

IB. 

'atel 12. 

'et'es k'ak'altUc 2B; k'ak'altikU 'osU [sunny 

time] 2B, ME; k'epel 'osU [dry time] 2B, 

ME; k'inal k'ak'al 2B. 

(dry season): k'ak'altik [hot season] 2B, SB, 

MG. 

k'ak'altikil 2B. 

'albey 13B; tek' 13B. 

person who brings or summons another by 

force: jlzajal-'Uc'vanej 9D. 

summon before the judge: 'Uc' la 'ichon 

jch'akel 13B, 20A. 

summon importunately: bot'ol-'ik' 13B, 16Q. 

tek'bU 13B. 

k'ak'al [heat] lA, MG. 

have tiie sun set: mal k'ak'al 2A. 

xojob lA; xojobU k'ak'al lA, 

domingo 2B, 15A3, 

referring to Sunday: domingoil 2B, 15A3, 

mulbil 3; mulul 3, 

lom 3; lomol 3; potz' 3; potz'ol 3; 

potz'olpotz'ol 3; potz'potz' 3; •vuch 3; 

•vuchul 3; •vuchulvuchul 3; •vuchvuch 

3, 

(ground): pulultUc IB, 3. 

(ground, vaUeys, house floor where there are 

depressions): pulpul IB, 3. 

sUghtiy sunken: lomoUomol 3, 

sUghtiy sunken (vaUeys): lomlom IB, 3. 

sunken in many places: lomomtik 3; 

465 

potz'otz'tik 3, 

sunrise jameb k'ak'al [opening place of sun or heat] 

2A, MG; lok'eb k'ak'al 2A; nach'eb 

k'ak'al [peeking place of sun or heat] 2A, 

MG, 

superfluous ma'-tuul 12, 

be superfluous: mo k'u tuun 12; mo tuun 12, 

superfluously ma'-tuultik 12, 

supplement amount added to achieve completion: tz'akiab 

12, 

supplicated HapbU ti' 13B. 

supplication make suppUcation: Hap ti'il 13B. 

supplied 'ayanajesbil lOB; 'elmajesbil lOB; tz'akal 

lOB. 

supply 'ayanajes IOC. 

support 'ipajes 9A1; tz'akubtas IOC, 21D, 27; 

k'un-lik ta muyel 9B; k'un-toy 9B; 

mak'lin IOC, 21D, 27; sak-^ti'in IOC, 

21D, 27; yain IOC, 21D, 27. 

support oneself: 'ipajes ba 7D; tz'itas ba 27; 

mak'lin ba 27; mak'linej ba 27; sak-^ti'in 

ba 27; ve'eltas ba 27, 

suppose 'a' U. 

supposedly la U. 

surety 'ak'el ta HatzU 16D, 27B; lok'el 16D. 27B. 

surface 'elov 3. 

surfeited be surfeited: noj 9E, 23A4. 

surgeon surgeon's case: 'av tak'in 34; chu'uy tak'in 

34; na tak'in 34. 

surgeon's instmment poxtayab tak'in 34. 

surname jol biU [head name] MBI, 18F; k'atajeb biU 

[fransformation name] 14, 18F; sutejeb 

biU 18F; talel 18F; tasal 18F; vinajeb bi 

18F; vinajeb biil 18F; yaya bul 18F. 

(of the tribes that tiiey once had): joUmal biil 

18F, 21B. 

surpass 'ech' 16C; jel 16C; jelav 16C; jelbey 16C. 

surpassed 'ech'bU 16C; jelbU 16C. 

surround joy 9C; joyin 9C, 

surveyor jvok'-lum 19B, 28A, 

suspect chib 'olonton 'u'un [have two hearts towards] U, 14B6; chib 'olonton ta tojol 

[have two hearts toward] 11,14B6; k'opoj 

'olonton [have one's heart speak] U, 

14B6, MJ; nop U; nop la 'olonton [think 

in one's heart] U, 14B6, 

be suspect: nopey U, 

be very suspect: 'ep nopel U, 

suspended be suspended and about to faU: liktzaj 4, 

suspense cha'-p'el tza 16J, 

person in suspense: jcha' p'ei tza 16J; 

jchibal-'olonton 16J, 

suspicious person who is suspicious: jnop-k'op 16J; 

jnopvanej 16J. 
466 

sustenance 

swallow (1) 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

swallow (2) 

swallowable 

swarm 

sway 

swear 

sweat 

sweatbatii 

sweating 

sweep 

sweet 

swell 

swelling 

swift 

swiftness 

'ipajebal 23 A, 

competent sustenance appointed to person 

entering the priesthood: 'ech'eb 'osil 

23A, 35C; 'et'esab 'osil 23A, 35C. 

'uch' 7E. 23A4; 'um 7E, 23A4. 

(chewed object or drink): bUc' 7E, 23A4. 

be easy to swallow: lak' 'umel 7E, 23A. 

swallow whole: bUc' 7E. 23A4. 

swallow whole as chickens swallow corn: bU 

6G. 7E. 23A4. 

xjaval 'ek'en 6B1. 

be swallowable: 'umel 'umey 7E. 23A. 

busbon 3, 6G, 12; tik'lon 3, 6G, 12. 

swarm of honeybees: tzobol 'aja-pom 3, 6E, 

6G, 12. 

nechnon 9A1; nUc 9F; va'von 9F. 

'al bi dios 13A, 15A1, 16D, 35C; pas 

juramento 13A, 15A2,16D, 20; tij ta 'alel 

bi dios [strike by saying or mention God's 

name] 13A. MJ, 15A1, 16D, 35C. 

swear in vain: bet' juramento 13A, 15A2, 

16D. 

swear lo God: Hap ti'U 13A, 15A1, 16D, 

35C. 

swear while making sign of the cross: p'is 

cmz 13A, 15A1, 16D, 35C. 

'ach' SB; chUc'U 7B; lok' chUc' 7E. 

(glass): 'uch'et 8B; 'uch'U SB; 'uch'van SB. 

place where one sweats: chUc'inabU 4, 7B, 

27D; chUc'inebal 4, 7B, 27D. 

pus 7G, SA, 8B, 28D1, 34. 

person who takes a sweatbatii: pusivU 7G, 

8A, SB, 34. 

take a sweatbatii: pusin 7G, SA, SB, 34. 

(glass): 'ach'el IC, SB, 22C. 

mes 22E; mesav 22E; mesoj 22E. 

chi' 8D. 

become sweet chi'ub 8D. 

noj 3. 9E; sit 3, 9E; situb 3, 9E. 

(boU, bmise): Uk petiuk 9E. 33. 

(boUs): lUc t'eUuk 9E. 33; lUc vajluk 9E, 33. 

be made to swell by stepping on and stuffing 

in: bet'bil nojel 3, 9E; tek'bil nojel 3, 9E; 

tik'bU nojel 3,9E, 

make swell: nojes 3, 9E. 

make swell by stepping on and stuffing in: 

tek'bU nojes 3, 9E; tik'bil nojes 3, 9E. 

sit 33; sitel 33; situbel 33. 

have large swelUngs: vo'ey 33. 

pus-fiUed swelling: sit pojov 33. 

with a large sweUing: vo'ol 33; vo'vo' 33. 

with large swelUngs: bujujtUc 33; vo'otik 33. 

swift person or thing: j'anU 2C. 

'anU 2C. 

swim 

swimmer 

swimming 

swing 

swollen 

sword 

sympathize 

syringe 

nux 9A2. 

swim across: p'as ta nuxel 9A2. 

swim underwater: muk jol [bury one's head] 

9A2, 9C, MBI; mukula'aj 9A2, 9C; mul 

jol 9A2, 9C. 

nuxom 9A2. 

swimming place: nuxobil 4, 9A2. 

(hammock): jin 22D. 

sit 33. 

be swollen: situbel 'a'i 33. 

espada 15AT. 21E2; majob tak'in 21E2. 

chamolaj 16A; chamolan 16A; tup'olaj 16A; 

tup'olan 16A. 

tak'in 25B. 34. 

table 

tablecloth 

tablet 

taffy 

laffy-seUer 

tail 

tailor 

lake 

talent 

talk 

mesa 15A5, 22B. 

dinner table: ve'ebal 22B; ve'ebal mesa 

15A5, 22B. 

but'iabil mesa 15A5, 22D; manteles 15A5, 

22D. 

bUc'tal tenal te' 22B; ch'iom tenel te' 22B. 

melcocha 15A10, 23A1; panbU pom 23A1. 

jchon panbU pom 2TA; melcochero 15A10, 

2TA. 

(of an animal): neal 6F; neil 6F. 

jtz'isom 31B; jtz'isvanej 31B. 

'ich' lOB; tzak lOB. 

lake a handful to put down: jopopan TEl, 

9B, lOB. 

take a littie ways: lok'lok'es 9B. 

take away: 'ich' batel lOB, lOD. 

take away from: lok'esbey lOB, lOD. 

take live animals: 'ik' batel 6. 

take one's place: bet' 4, 9B. 

take out lok'es lOB, lOD. 

take out a littie ways: juteb lok'es 9B. 

take place: Hu' 2C. 

taken out: lok'esbil lOB, lOD; lok'ol lOB, 

lOD. 

'a'ivanej 16C; tza 16C; tzaijel 16C. 

tzaij 13A; k'opoj 13A; k'opojel 13A; k'opon 

13A; pisU k'op 13A. 

base talk: mu'natU k'op 13A, 16R 

brief taUc: bik'tal k'op 13A. 

ChUdish laUc: 'unetikU k'op 13A, ISB. 

cfrcuitous or obscure laUc: joyol k'op 13A. 

currish taUc: tz'i'U k'op 13A, 16R 

deceitful taUc: tzaibU k'op 13A, 16N; cha'-

lom k'op [two time taUc] 13A, MJ, 16N; 

cha'-lom k'opojel 13A, 16N; chibal k'op 

[double talk] 13A, MJ. 16N. 

devilish taUc: pukujil k'op 13A, 16P. 
NUMBER 31 46T 

talkative 

talking 

tall 

tamale 

tambourine 

tame 

din of mirthful or quarrelsome talk: ch'ijetel 

8C1,13A, 16B. 16H,20A. 

din of mirthful or quartelsome talk, discord: 

kuletel 8C1.13A, 16B, 16H, 20A. 

elegant taUc: lekil k'op 13A, 16R; t'ujum 

k'op 13A, 16R. 

enigmatic talk: mochUanbil k'op [knotted 

word] 13A, MJ, 

fooUsh taUc: Hoviel 13A, 16L; Hovil k'op 

13A, 16L, 

harsh taUc: tzatzal k'op 13A, 16H, 161; 

k'ak'al k'op [hot word] 13A, MJ, 16H. 

161. 

holy or modest talk: 'utzil k'op 13A. 16A, 

16C. 16F, 16G, 35C. 

humiliating taUc: k'exlal k'op 13A, 16M; 

namal k'op 13A, 16M, 

iUicfr laUc: 'ol labal k'op 13A, 16P, 21 A, 

infernal talk: k'atin-bakil k'op 13A, 16P, 

35C. 

ingenuous or sfraightforward taUc (when one 

speaks plainly lUce a chUd): tuk'avil k'op 

13A, 16D, 18B, 

jealous or envious talk: 'it'ixal k'op 13A. 

16H. 

lengthy talk: natil k'op 13A. 

lustful taUc: mulal k'op 13A, 18C. 

make a din with mirthful or quarrelsome talk: 

ch'ijet SCI, 16B, 16H; k'ulet 8C1, 16B. 

16H, 20A. 

taUc against: nak ta k'op 16H; nakvan la k'op 

16H. 

talk of many as in a cofradia: ch'ijetel 8C1. 

13A. 35C; k'uletel 8C1.13A. 35C. 

time-consuming talk: jok'tzajel k'op 2. 13A. 

womanly talk: 'antzil k'op 13A, 18C. 

P'ijU ti' 13A. 16C. 

talkative person: j'al-k'op 13A, 16C; j'epalk'op 13A. 16C; j'epal-ti' 13A, 16C; 

j'ich'-k'op 13A, 16C; jk'opk'onel 13A. 

16C. 

k'opojel 13A. 

nat natU 3; natil 3. 

(creatures): nat 'akan 3.6. 

bean tamale: chenk'ul vaj 23Al. 

chicken tamale: luluk'il vaj 23A2. 

fish tamale: chayal vaj 23A2. 

nukuUl vob 32A1. 

tambourine player: jpak'-vob 32A. 

•kojem 6, 25; •kojibtas 25; laan 6, 25; 

laanejes 25. 

become tame: 'ech' 'olonton [have one's 

heart pass] 6, 14B6, 25; •kojib 6, 25; 

laanej 6, 25; sikub 'olonton [have one's 

tamed 

lameness 

tanner 

taper 

tardy 

taste 

tasteless 

tatar 

tattie 

tauten 

tavern 

tavern keeper 

tawny 

tax 

taxation 

taxpayer 

leach 

teacher 

tear(l) 

heart grow cold] 6,14B6, MG, 25. 

lame a buU: ch'anantas vacas 25. 

tame a horse: ch'anantas caballo 15A9, 25. 

be tamed (animal): nop 'a'i 25. 

laanU 6. 

jk'a'esej-nukul 31B; jp'asvanej 31B. 

large taper with foiu- wicks: tz'otbU candela 

ID, 15A5, 22C; muk'ta candela ID, 

15A5, 22C. 

tardy person: jHa'al 2; jHalejel 2. 

'a'i SD; jech' 8D; lek' 8D; ti' 8D. 

(as when we say he has good or bad taste): 

lek'el 16C. 

deUcious taste: muil lo'el 8D. 

sense of taste: lek' 8D. 

taste deUcious: mu 'a'i SD; mu ti'el 8D. 

taste each one: ju-jun tal 'a'i 8D, 23A4. 

taste the lord's food: 'a'ibey ve'el 'ojov 8D, 

23A4; 'a'ibey ve'ob 8D, 23A4. 

mo 'oyuk muU 'uch'el 8D; mo 'oyuk muU 

lo'el SD; mo 'oyuk muil ve'el 8D; 

mo'yuk lo'el 8D. 

xok 'e 33; xokU 'eal 33, 

jotz'-k'optay [drag out and speak against] 

13A, MJ, 16N; joyjoy-k'optay [speak 

around and against] 13A, 14J, 16N; 

lob-k'optay [speak against maliciously] 

13A, MJ, 16N. 

(tendons): tzub ba 7E, 

chonob chi' 23B, 28C2; chonob vino 23B, 

28C2, 

jchon-chi' 23B, 27A, 

k'un 'Uc' 8F1; k'un tzojtzoj 8F1; k'un sak 

8F1, 

tawny person: sak-^jachan vinik 8F1, 

jamob bail [self opener] 14,27D; patan 27D. 

coUect taxes: 'ich' patan lOB, 27D; 'ich' 

tak'in lOB, 27D; tzob 'ikatz lOB, 27D; 

tzob patan lOB, 27D; k'an patan lOB, 

27D, 

compulsory lax: tzajal patan [red tribute] 

14D1,27D. 

pay lax: 'al patan IOC, 27D; pak patan IOC, 

27D, 

tax collection: 'ich'el patan lOB, 27D; tzobel 

patan lOB, 27D; k'anel patan lOB, 27D, 

tax collector: jtzob-patan lOB, 27D, 

person exempt from taxation: 'ol vinik [heart 

person] 14B6, 27D, 

pata-vinUc 27D; jpafriejel 27D. 

'ak'bey tza U; tzilz U; chanantas U; 

p'ijubtas U. 

jchanantasvanej U. 

'a'lel satil 7B. 
468 

tear (2) 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

tearing 

teetii 

tell 

temper 

temples 

tempt 

temptation 

ten 

tender 

tenderness 

tepid 

tepidness 

termination 

terrible 

terrified 

territory 

test 

testicle 

testify 

ch'ak lOE; ch'akalul lOE; ch'i' lOE; ch'i'Uul 

lOE; ch'utul lOE; jat lOE; jatalul lOE; 

jatel lOE; lo'olU lOE; tuch' lOE. 

(clotiiing): jat lOE, 31 A. 

tear down: jines lOE. 

tear down (house. buUding): jin lOE. 28C. 

tear to pieces (clotii): jisulan lOE. 31 A. 

tear up: ch'ay lOE. 

keep tearing: jatulan lOE. 

bmsh one's teetii: pokilan 'e 7G. 

clean one's teeth: suk' 'e 7G. 

front teeth: bail 7A1. 

lose or remove one's teeth: piUc'um 'e 7E. 

lOD. 

pick one's teeth: luch 'e 7G; pok 'e 7G; 

p'ichuy 'e 7G; xen 'e 7G. 

'albey 13A; 'ut 13A. 

k'ak'al [heal] MG. 16H. 

(metal): tojol 29. 

temper on tiie forge: 'ich' tojol 'u'un 29. 

jayal xokon jolol 7A. 

•'aal-k'optay 16R 

tempt and win over: 'aley 16C. 

•'aal 16P; •'aal k'op [sinful or tempting 

words] MJ. 16P; 'al 16R 

give in to temptation: 'ak' ta 'olonton [put 

in one's heart] 14B6, 16P; 'aleyey 16P; 

yal ta 'al 16P; yal ta jotz' 16P; yal la mulU 

16R 

resist temptations: 'ilan tzitzo' [one's counsel denies] 16A; 'Uan k'op [deny words] 

MJ. 

lajuneb 12. 

k'un SE; k'un to SE; laan 8E; yaman 8E. 

very tender: k'un 8E; k'un-yaman 8E; 

k'unk'un SE; laan SE. 

'unenal SE; k'unU 8E; laanil SE. 

k'ix-miUcan 8A; k'un k'ixin 8A. 

k'ix-mukanU 8A; k'unil 8A. 

ch'aniab 2; ch'anieb 2; ch'aniel 2. 

'ila'al ba 161,16R 

be terrible: 'ilo ba 161,16P; kolo' ba 'oy 'ik' 

161,16R 

be terrible (person, animal): xi'benaj ba 6, 

161, 16R 

be terrified: xi' 16J. 

lekoj 19; nopol 19; vinkilel 19. 

'a'i U; 'a'ibey 'olonton [feel one's heart] 

14B6. 

test each one: ju-jun tal 'a'i U. 

test in many ways: k'an 'ilbey 'olonton [want 

lo see one's heart] 11, 14B6. 

tonUU 7A, 18C. 

'al 20A; va'an ba ta testigo 15A2.20A. 

tether 

thank 

thankful 

tiiat 

tiiat's 

tiiatch 

thatching 

tiie 

tiieft 

then 

tiien! 

there 

therefore 

tiiick 

thicken 

thickened 

thicket 

thickness 

thigh 

thin 

thing 

testify falsely against person: lotbey k'op 

16N. 20A, 21A; nap'anbey k'op [stick 

words on] MJ. 16N. 20A. 21A. 

tzoy 6, 9C. 25, 

na' 'aboltayel 13A, 16A; na' 'aboltayvanej 

13A. 16A; na'bey 'aboltayel 'u'un 13A, 

16A; na'bey 'aboltayvanej 13A. 16A, 

be thankful: na' 'aboltayvanej 13A, 16A, 

Ha'36, 

(when far off): taj ta jech 4; taj toe 4. 

tiiat's it!: Ha' 13A. 

sUc'av 5. 28; sUc'ay 5. 28. 

(for houses, with a rather wide leaf): 'anal 

jobel 5,28D. 

sUc'avej 28. 

te36. 

'ochol 21 A, 

te2. 

(in the future): bak'in 2. 

(in the past): bak'ni 2, 

Ha' 'oy 13A, 

te4. 

over there: lum toe 4; lume 4, 

over there (when near): lumlume 4, 

'u'un 17; Ha' ta koj 17, 

tot 3, 

become thick: tatub 3. 

make thick: tatubes 3; tatubtas 3, 

make twice as thick (cord, thread): k'am 3, 

12, 31A, 

(very tiiin knife blade that is fortified by 

adding metal to it): pimubtas 3. 12. 29; 

tijubtas 3. 12. 29, 

object that is thickened: k'amoj 3,12. 

tz'i'leltik 5; voymoltik 5, 

tatal 3, 

'o'U 7A; 'okil 7A, 

(liquid): yax-chivan 3; yaxa-Ho' 3. 

(round object): bUc'it 3. 

(wide object): joy 3. 

become thin: kak ba 3. 

become thin (liquid): yaxaub [become gray] 

14D2. 

become, grow thin: bakub 3,12. 

grow tiiin: takin-bat 3, 12. 

grow tiiin (clotiiing, person): jayub 3,7E, 31. 

make thin: bakubes 3, 12; jayubes 3, 12; 

jayubtas 3, 12. 

thin out: tek'eltek'el lok'es 3, lOD, 26. 

thin out (lettuce, frees): tek'ek'tUc lok'es 3, 

lOD, 26. 

very thin (board): jay-latzan 3, 12. 

very thin (mule): jay-lichan 3, 6A2. 

j-tek 12A. 
NUMBER 31 

think 

thinking 

thinned 

thinness 

thfrd 

thfrst 

thfrsty 

thirteen 

thirteentii 

thirty 

this 

thistie 

thorn 

thorny 

though 

thought 

thoughtful 

thousand 

thread 

threat 

three 

'a'i 11; 'ak* ta 'olonton [put in one*s heart] 

U. 14B6; 'at 'olonton [have one's heart 

count] U, 14B6; 'at tza [count one's 

thoughts] U; tzai U; tzaij U; chi U; 

na'-tzai U; na'-tzaij U. 

think frequentiy: •'oyo'oyo 'at 'olonton U; 

•'oyo'oyona' U. 

think mistakenly: 'a' U. 

think weU of: 'oy 'ik' 'a'i 16D; 'utzU-nop 

16D; ta 'utzil k'op nop [think good words] 

MJ, 16D. 

frequent tiiinking: •'oyo'oyo 'alel 'olontonil 

U; •'oyo'oyo tzaijel U, 

tek'ek'tik lok'esbil lOD, 26; tek'eltek'el 

lok'esbil lOD, 26, 

be tiiinned out: tek'eltek'el lok' lOD, 26. 

jayubel 3; taki-batel 3. 

'ox 12; 'ox 12; 'oxib 12, 

a tiifrd: 'ox-jechel 12A; 'ox-jov 12A; 'oxtekel 12A, 

thfrd person: 'ox-va'al 12A. 

taki-ti'U [dry moutii or lips] SB, 14B5; takin 

ti' SB; takinal ti' SB. 

be tiifrsty: takin ti' SB. 

'ox-lajuneb 12. 

'ox-lajun-vo' 12; 'ox-lajuneb 12. 

lajuneb cha'-vinik 12,12A. 

IV 36; U' to 36; Ha U' 36; Ha U' to 36. 

ch'ix 5A; ch'ixal 'itaj 5A. 

thistie stock: tomal 5A. 

ch'ixal 5; sak-ch'ix 5A. 

thorny place: ch'ixtUc 5. 

even though: Hechuk 'ox pisU 17; Hechuk 

pisil 17. 

'atel 'olonton U; tza U; tzaijel U. 

thought of: tzaibU U, 

thoughtful person: jtzaijel 16A. 

one thousand: lajun-vinik 'ox-bok' 12, 12A, 

j-jU no 31A; naul 31A; no 31A, 

(counting): j-lik no 12A, 31 A, 

spindleful of tiiread: j-pelelal 12A, 31 A; 

petet 31A; petetal 31 A, 

thread a needle: naultas 31 A. 

threads of threadbare clotii: lajemal 31 A; 

naka 'akU lajemal 31 A. 

sibtas 16J; sibtasvanej 16J. 

'ox 12; 'ox'ox 12; 'oxib 12. 

three day period: 'oxej k'in 2B, 12. 

three days: 'ox-k'in 2B, 12A. 

three days ago: 'oxjey 2B, 12; chabjeychabjey 2B, 12. 

three months ago: yoxibal yual 2B, 12; yoxil 

'u 2B, 12. 

three years ago: 'ox'ox 'abil batel 2B. 12; 

469 

yoxibal 'abil batel 2B. 12. 

threshing threshing floor: tek'obU 'ixim 26, 28D. 

threshing floor (where the grain is stirred): 

juyobil 'bcim 26, 28D. 

threshold 'olon ti' na 28D; 'olon-va'leb mak na 28D. 

throat 'avanabil [shouter] 7A1, 14B5; nuk'U 7A1. 

clear one's throat jam nuk' 7E, SCI; jeket 

7E, 8C1. 

clearing of one's throat jeketel 7E, SCI. 

dryness of throat taki-ti'U 8B, 33; takinal ti' 

SB, 33. 

throw (not out tiie front door): xij 9B. 

throw down: ten ch'ay 9B. 

throw out lok'es 9B, lOD. 

thrown xijbil 9B. 

object tiiat is thrown: xijoj 9B; tenoj 9B. 

thrown down: tenbil 9B. 

thumb me' k'ob 7 A; me' k'obil [motiier of the hand] 

7A, MH. 

thunder 'avan 'osil [have time or sky shout] lA, 8C, 

ME; 'avan chauk lA, 8C; 'ov chauk lA. 

SC; j'ox-lajun Ha'al chon [thirteen aquatic snake] lA, MA, 35F; bak'laj lA, 8C; 

bak'lajet 1 A, 8C; bak'luj lA, 8C; bak'lujel 

lA, 8C; tzanluj lA, 8C; tzanlujel lA, 8C; 

chauk lA; jinet lA, 8C; jinet 'osU [roaring 

time or sky] 1 A, 8C, ME; jinetel lA, 8C; 

jinetel 'osil lA, 8C; jininet 'osU lA, 8C; 

jjun Ha'al chon [one aquatic snake] lA, 

MA, 35F; Uklajet lA, 8C; loklaj chauk 

lA, 8C; loklajet lA, 8C; t'ininet 'osU 

[roaring lime or sky] 1 A, 8C, ME. 

tick sip 6E. 

tickle chUciltay 7E. 

tickUsh be lickUsh: chUcUchikU 'a'i 7C. 

tide low tide: 'ulel nab IC; komoluk IC; yalel 

nab IC. 

tie tz'ak 9C; chuk 9C. 

lie again: cha'-chuk 9C. 

tied object being tied: chukoj 9C. 

tighten tighten witii a peg: k'uxi 9D. 

tUde jol tz'ib [head of writing] UA, MBI; tUde 

UA, 15A2. 

tUe make tUes: pat 28. 

piece of tile: vok'oUl xamiti 15B. 28. 

roof tile: chUc'bU jomal xamiti 15B. 28; 

jomal xamiti 15B. 28. 

tile maker: jpat-xamiti 15B, 28A. 

tUe works na xamiti 15B, 28, 28C2; patob xamiti 15B, 

28, 28C2. 

tUl tUl when: buy k'alal 2. 

up till now: talel 2. 

tUt ten ba ta pat caballo 15A6, 32B. 

thrown in a tilt: tenbU ta pat caballo 15A6, 
470 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

timbrel 

time 

time-consuming 

timid 

tin 

tinder 

tine 

tinker 

tip 

tiptoeing 

tiptoes 

tfre 

tfred 

titie 

lo 

toad 

toast 

toasted 

32B. 

k'uUc'ul te' 32A1; nukuUl vob 32A1. 

timbrel playen jpak'-vob 32A; jtij-vob 32A. 

'osil 2; koj 2; k'inal 2; mek 2; yalel 2. 

(one after another): j-kajal 2. 

a long time from now: nom ta 'abU 2; nom 

ta 'osU 2. , 

another time: j-mek xa 2; j-mekuk xa 2; ta 

j-mekeluk xa 2. 

at a point of time: t'ab chi 2. 

at the proper time: en buen tiempo como... 

[as he planted at tiie proper time] 2; en 

buen tiempo se parte [as he left at tiie 

proper time] 2. 

at what time: buy 'osil [where in time] 2, 

ME. 

each or every time: naka Ha' no 'ox 2. 

ffrst time: j-mek 2. 

free time: xokol 'osU [empty time] 2. ME; 

xokol 'osUtUc 2. 

long time: nat 'osU 2. 

many times: naka Ha' no 'ox 2. 

opportune time: k'inal 2,17; k'inU 2,17. 

point of time: t'abel 2; t'abeU'abel 2. 

second time: cha'-mekel 2. 

short time: mo natuk 'osil [not a long time] 

2, ME; mu natuk 2. 

take a long time: toy k'in [Uft the day] 2,14; 

Halejes 2. 

natil 2; HaUl 2. 

timid person: jxi'el 16J. 

'otes sakil tak'in 29; 'otesbey sakU tak'in 

29; sakU lak'in [white metal] 14D5, 29. 

ch'amobU k'ok' ID. 

(burnt clotii): tzanob k'ok' ID, 31 A; tzanobU 

k'ok' ID, 31 A; ch'amob k'ok' ID, 31 A. 

tz'ubtz'ub tak'in 26B, 

jten p'inal tak'in 29A; jten-tak'in 29A. 

'ak' pakol IOC, 27; 'ak'bey tojol IOC, 27; 

pak 'aboltayvanej IOC, 27; pakol 'aboltayel lOB, 27; pakol 'aboltayvanej lOB; 

pas 'aboltayel IOC; toj IOC; tojel lOB. 

(hat): t'ochan 16F, 31. 

k'un-Ut'om 7E, 9A1. 

stand on tiptoes: va'i 7D. 

tfre out (in pursuit): lubes 7E, 9A1; yakubes 

7E, 9A1. 

become tfred: lub 7E. 

(legal): 'ibel U A, 20. 

te4. 

chon 6C; jenjen 6C; pokok 6C; •tulul 6C. 

k'anubtas 23A3; vo 23A3. 

vobU 23A3. 

be toasted: k'anub 23A3. 

today 

toe 

together 

toU 

tomb 

tomorrow 

tongue 

too 

tool 

toot 

tootii 

tootiiache 

tootiiless 

toothpick 

top (1) 

top (2) 

top-ranking 

topaz 

torch 

torment 

tormented 

tormentor 

torn 

torrent 

•'echan 2B. 

'ol 'ok [chUd of tiie foot] 7A, MH. 

big toe: me' 'ok [motiier toe] 7A, MH. 

ko'ol 12. 

be together (voices): nop 32A. 

toU thunderously: jinet nUc 8C. 

•pun-te' chame-vinUc ISE; tumba 15A1, 

ISE. 

Stone tomb: •pun te' ton chame-vinUc 18E. 

'ok'ob 2B. 

•ok'U 7A1. 

'ek 12; 'ekuk 12; tok 12; Ha' xa 12; Ha' xa 

tok 12. 

'abtejebal 26B; 'abtejebal lak'in 26B. 

(small flute): piet 8C. 32A; •vivon 8C. 32A. 

'eal7Al. 

canine tootii: tz'i' 'eal 7A1. 

canine tootii (of any animal): tz'utz'up 7A1. 

front tootii: jol 'e [head tootii] 7A1. MBI. 

have a chipped tooth: vok'ol 'e 33. 

have new tooth grow in: ch'i 'e 7E, 18B; 

ch'i k'exol 'e 7E. 18B. 

have one's tooth faU out lUij 'e 7E. lOD, 33. 

k'ux 'e 33. 

have a toothache: k'ux jol [have one's head 

ache] MBI, 33. 

tootiiless person: jpUc'pUc' 7C; jpuk'um 7C. 

jotz'ob 'e 7G; jolz'obU 'eal 7G; julobU 'eal 

7G; luchiabU 'eal 7G. 

on top of: kajal 4; ta ba 4. 

put on top of: kajan 4, 9B. 

playing top: frompa 15A6, 32B. 

whip top: frompo 15A6. 32B. 

top-ranking worker: ba j'abtel 20, 27D; ba 

ta 'abtel 20, 27D. 

tzajal ton 29. 

tajley yan toj ID; toj ID. 

pine torch: tzajal toj ID, 5A; japbalal toj ID, 

5A. 

torch bundle: j-yom toj ID. 

'ak' vokol 161, 21C; 'Uc'ti' 16J, 21C; 

kisnajes 15C, 161,21C; yaijes 161,21C. 

suffering of torments: yaijel 16J, 21C. 

be tormented by passion: nuptan yaijel 16D, 

16J. 

jbUc'tajesvanej-'olontonU [heart diminisher] 

14B6, 161, 21C; jyayaubesvanej 161, 

21C; jnakvanej 161, 21C. 

ch'akal lOE; ch'akbU lOE; ch'i'il lOE; jatal 

lOE; lo'ol lOE; tuch'ul lOE; tuch'ultik 

lOE. 

torn in many places: ch'i'iltik lOE; jataltUc 

lOE. 

'ipal 'ok 'akan tontik IC; paych'ujeb Ho' 
NUMBER 31 471 

tortiUa 

torture 

tortured 

torturer 

toss 

touch 

tourniquet 

towards 

towel 

tower 

town 

frack 

frade 

frader 

frading 

frail 

fraitor 

framp 

frample 

IC. 

batz'i vaj [frue bread] 14,23A1. 

*ak' vokol 161, 21C; 'ak'bey 'Uc'ti' 161, 

21C; 'ak'bey 'U 'Uc'ti^ 161, 21C; 'ak'bey 

•U vokol 161, 21C; 'ak'bey vokol 161, 

21C; 'Uc'ti' 16J, 21C; 'U vokol 'u'un 161, 

21C; vokol 16J. 21C; yaijes 161, 21C; 

yayaubtas 161,21C. 

place of torture: 'ilob 'Uc'ti' 21C, 28C3; 'Uob 

vokol 21C, 28C3. 

be tortured (as the damned): 'U vokol 16J, 

35C. 

j'ak'-'Uc'ti' 161, 21C; j'ak'-vokol 161, 21C. 

toss out: jip ch'ay lOD; yokin ch'ay lOD. 

'ut 8E; pUc SE. 

touch each other (sticks, stones, etc.): tij ba 

IB, 8E. 

touch lightiy: k'un pUc 8E; k'un-pUc SE. 

touch with stick, stone or anything other than 

hands: tij IB, 8E. 

makeb 34. 

la tojol 4; telel 4; yo' 'oy tojol 4. 

pokob k'ob 22D; pokobU k'obU 22D; 

pokobil sat 22D. 

hand towel: suk'ob k'ob 22D; suk'obil k'obU 

22D. 

defense tower: natil ch'ilomal na 28C3. 

highest tower of a fortification in which the 

warden lived: jol yabutijebal na [head of 

tiie battiement house] MBI, 28C3. 

'epal na 19; j-tek k'ulej 19; j-tek lum 19. 

found a town: likes j-tek lum 19. 

waUed town: tenam-tonibil j-tek lum 15B, 

19, 28D1. 

frack left by beam that has been dragged: be 

te' 3. 9D. 

frack left by stone tiiat has been pushed: be 

ton [stone patii] IB. 3, 9D, 14. 

'okelan 27; bein 27; patnen 27; p'olmaj 27; 

p'olman 27; p'olmay 27. 

jp'olmajel 27A; xanvil 27A. 

rich frader: 'ayik'al xanvil 15C. 

p'olmajel 27. 

go frading: bat ta xanbal 9A1, 27. 

market frading: ch'ivitajel 27. 

bik'tal be 9A1. 

make person take tiie wrong fraU: k'ejeyes 

ta be 9A1; k'ejibtas 9Al. 

•j'aal-k'op [he of tempting words] MJ, 16N. 

21 A; j'aleyvanej 16N. 21 A; jcha' lom 

k'op [he of two time taUc] MJ, 16N, 21 A; 

jjotz'-k'op [word-dragger] MJ, 16N,21A. 

framp loudly: tijiUan 'ok SC. 

(shoving with the body): net' 9D. 

kick or frample underfoot voch' ta tik'el 

9A1, 9D. 

frample on: juy ta tek'el 9D. 

frample underfoot: cha'-tek' 9D; lom la 

tek'el 9D; pak' ta tek'el 9D; tek' 9D; 

tek'van 9D. 

frampled tUc'bil 9D. 

frampled on: bet'bU ta tek'el 9D; tik'bil ta 

tek'el 9D. 

frampUng tek'ben 9D. 

franquUity nakanel 'olonton 16G. 

fransfer (debt, command, office): p'asoj 'u'un IOC, 

20, 27; p'asojes IOC. 20. 27. 

fransform k'atajes 7C; sutejes 7C. 

fransform self: k'ataj 7C. 

fransformed be fransformed: suttzaj 7C; sutp'ij 7C. 

franslate ch'ambey k'op U. 13A; lok'tay U, 13A; 

sut 'u'un U, 13A; sutejes U, 13A; sutes 

U, 13A. 

franslated ch'ambil [received] U, 13A, MJ; sutejesbU 

U, 13A; sutesbU [returned] U, 13A. MJ. 

franslation ch'amel k'op 11,13A; suteb 11,13A; sutejeb 

U. 13A; sutejel U. 13A; sutel U. 13A. 

franslator jch'am-k'op U. 13A. 

franslucent 'och xojobU yo' 'oy 8F. 

be franslucent: japapet 8F. 

fransparent be fransparent xojob yan 8F; tajley yan 8F, 

fransplant k'ex lumal 'u'un 26; lUc 'u'un 26; pet 26, 

fransport 'ean 9A1, 

frap (covered hole): makob ch'en 24, 

fish frap: lebayab choy 24, 

frappings Hatzil 22C, 

horse frappings: tzatzajel caballo 15A9,25B; 

k'u' cabaUo 15A9, 25B, 

fravel bein 9A1; xan 9A1, 

(seeing the sights): pa'i 'osil 9A1, 

person whose job it is to fravel: xanvU 9A1, 

27D. 

fravel far away: 'Uctay na xanav [abandon 

one's house and walk] 9A1, 14, 

fravel tiirough sfreets or gardens: pa'ivan 

9A1, 

fraveler j'ech'el-be 9A1; xanvU 9A1, 

freason •'aal k'op 16N, 21 A; cha'-lom k'op 16N, 

21 A; jotz'-k'op 21A, 

cause to commit freason: •'aal-k'optay 16N, 

21 A; 'aley 16N, 21 A; jotz'i 16N, 21 A. 

commit freason: jotz'-k'optay 16N, 21A. 

freasure buried freasure: but'bil k'anal tak'in 9C, 

27B, 29. 

hidden freasure: nak'bil tak'in 9C, 27B, 29. 

freasurer jchabi k'anal tak'in 20, 27; jchabi-tak'in 20, 

27. 

freasury public freasifry: chabibU k'anal lak'in 20, 
472 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

freat 

freaty 

free 

fremble 

frembling 

fribe 

fributary 

fribute 

trick 

trifle 

frifling 

frUl 

frim 

trimming 

frip 

frot 

frouble 

froublesome 

frout 

frowel 

tmce 

frue 

27.28C3. 

freat a matter pmdentiy or diligentiy: 'a'i ta 

'olonton [feel in one's heart] 14B6, 16C, 

tojol 21E. 

te'5, 

dead free: taki-te' 5, ISE. 

thorny free: ch'ixal te' 5, 

free tiiink (witii its branches): muk'ta te'el 5, 

tmnk and branches: bakel te' [free] 5. MB 10, 

tziltzonet 7E. 9A1, 

fremble from cold or fright tziltzon 7E. SA, 

16J, 

tzUtzonel 7E, 16J; k'achk'onel 7E. 

native tribe: joUmal ISF, 19. 

tribe of origin: tasal 18F, 19; tos ISF. 19. 

pala-vinUc 27D; jpamejel 27D. 

•mu'nil 27D; patan 27D. 

be exempt from tribute: kol ta patan 27D. 

coUect tribute: 'ich' k'uk' [receive quetzals] 

lOB. MA. 27D. 

exempt from tribute: ch'aybil patan 27D; 

ch'aybU ta patan 27D; kolesbU ta patan 

27D. 

pay tribute: 'al patan IOC. 27D; pak patan 

IOC. 27D; patnej IOC. 27D. 

set tribute: ch'ak patan 27D. 

tribute notice: Hun patan 11 A. 27D. 

jotz'-k'op [word-dragging] MJ, 32; maxUtay 

[monkey] MAI, 32; Hovintas 32. 

bUc'tal 12; bik'tal ch'amal 12; bUc'ialul 12. 

bUc'fr ch'amal 12; bUc'ituk 12; ch'amal 12. 

(earthen jar, phial): kopkonet 8C, 22C; 

tontonet 8C, 22C. 

trim a wick: lok'es 'ak'lel ID, lOA; lok'esbey 

'ak'lel candela ID, lOA, 15A5. 

undulate trimming: balobil 3, 31 A. 

undulate trimming of clothes: balajtik pok' 

3,31A. 

lukuntabey 'ok 9A1, 16L; p'osi 'ok 9A1, 

16L; p'osiel 'ok 9A1,16L. 

trip in a wrestUng mateh: lukunel 'ok 9A1, 

32B. 

trip on a branch or root: tz'ukuUn te' 9A1, 

16L. 

trip on a rock: tz'ukuUn ton IB, 9A1,16L. 

trip up: *ak' tzukuUnabil 9A1. 

choychoy 'anil 9A1; choychoy-'anUaj 9A1. 

Hovintas 16J. 

mo 'utzuk 16K; mo tojoluk 16K. 

tz'i' choy [dog fish] 6D, 14A2. 

'ak'ob tan 26B, 28B; ch'ulob tan 26B, 28B. 

mason's frowel: juyob tan 26B, 28B. 

'olaneb yabutil 21E; ch'anieb yabutil 21E. 

batz'Utik 16D. 

tmmpeter 

trurUc 

tiiiss 

tmst 

tme person: tojol vinUc 16D, 

tmffle xk'abis toj 5A; yuy 5A, 

small truffle: mana 'ok 5A, 

tmmpet 'ok'esol 32A1; frompeta 15A6, 32A1. 

blow a tmmpet 'ok'es frompeta 15A6,32A. 

end of a tmmpet ti' frompeta [tmmpet lips 

or moutii] 14B5,15A6. 32A1. 

have tmmpets sound: ch'i'et 32A; jat'et 

32A; tonet 32A. 

j'ok'es-frompeta 32A; jpas-frompela 15A6. 

32A; jHupanej-frompeta 15A6. 32A. 

(of tiiefrs): •pun-te' 22C. 

ChukobU toniUl 28, 28D. 

'ak' ta 'olonton [put in one's heart] 14B6, 

16D; tzoy ba [tetiier oneself] 14, 16D; 

ch'uun 16D; jok'an ba [hang oneself] 14, 

16D; k'uban ba 16D; k'ubanvanej 16D. 

object of one's tmst tzoyleb 16D; k'ubanej 

16D. 

tmst a person: ch'uunbey k'op 16D; muk'tayebey k'op [display greatiy or make 

provision of one's words] MJ, 16D. 

tmst in God: jok'an ba ta tojol dios 15A1, 

16D, 35C; k'uban ba ta tojol dios [enfrust 

oneself to God] 14,15A1,16D, 35C; mak 

ba ta tojol dios [shut oneself up for God] 

14, 15A1, 16D, 35C. 

tmsting tzoyol 16D; jok'anej ba 16D; jok'ol 16D; 

k'ubanej ba 16D; k'ubul 16D. 

tmsting in God: jok'ol ta tojol dios 15A1, 

16D, 35C. 

tmsting person: jjok'anej ba 16D. 

batz'i k'op [real word] 14, 16D; batz'U 16D. 

speak the tmth: be k'opoj [speak the path] 

13A, MJ, 16D; melel k'opoj 13A, 16D; 

tojol k'opoj 13A, 16D, 

batz'U 16D, 

(to attack): k'an 21E. 

glazed laundry tub: jayal lum chuk'omajeb 

22C, 

laundry tub: jayil te' 22C. 

'ocheb 'a'lel 22C; 'ocheb Ho' 22C, 

tuck up: jol ni' 9C, 

tuck up (by tying the ends): cholo-nok'in 9C. 

tuck up (under one's sash when working): 

chuk-ch'utin 9C, 31; jopin 9C, 31. 

tuck up one's skirts or blankets under one's 

sash:ch'Uck'u'9C, 31. 

tuck up skirls under one's sash: jopin k'u' 

9C,31. 

Tuesday chabjey 'oy 'ech' domingo 2B, 15A3; martes 

2B, 15A3. 

tumor fatal tumon ch'amojel chamel 18E, 33. 

neck tumor: pisis 33; pisis chamel 33. 

tiiitii 

tmtiifulness 

ti7 

tub 

tube 

tuck 
NUMBER 31 473 

tumpline 

tune 

tifrban 

turmoil 

turn 

turnip 

tiupenfrne 

turret 

turtie 

tweezers 

twelve 

twist 

twisted 

two 

type 

tyrannize 

tyranny 

tyrant 

Tzotzil 

pek' 25B; pek'ul 25B. 

(musical instmments): tojobtas 32A. 

person who tunes the ffrst verse of a psalm: 

jk'eyom 32A. 

make a turban: nit-bain 3 IE, 

bak'el 'osil [moving of world] ME. 20A. 

21E. 

joyijes 4,9A1. 

(candle, stick): tz*ot ID, 4,9F. 

(wheel): joyan 4,9A1, 9F. 

by turns: lekojlekoj 12. 

turn around: sutp*ij 4.9F, 

turn oven vaUc*uj 4, 9F, 

turn over to: 'ak*bey IOC; *et*esbey IOC, 

nabo 5B, 15A10. 

long turnip: juljul nabo 3, 5B, 15A10. 

round turnip: volvol nabo 3. 5B, 15A10. 

xuch' toj 5A. 

pixbcul 28C3,28D, 

aquatic turtie: 'ok 6C. 

land turtie: kok 6C, 

tulob motzob [eyebrow puller] 14B, 3 IE; 

tulobU motzobU 3 IE, 

lajchaeb 12, 

tz*ot 3, 9F; tz'otan 3, 9F; tz'otii 3, 9F; 

tz'otp'ij 3, 9F; tz'otp'ijes 3, 9F; tz'otp'in 

3,9F, 

(as they twist rope on thefr thighs): bichuy 

7E1, 9F, 31A; ch'ajnuj 7E1, 9F, 31A; 

ch'ajnuy 7E1,9F, 3 lA, 

between the palms of one's hands: balch'uj 

7E1,9F; balch'uy 7E1, 9F, 

twist back up (patii): nelp'uj 3,9A1, 

twist between the fingers: tz'ot 7E1, 9F, 

tz'otbU 3, 9F; tz'ottz'ot 3, 9F, 

(candles to make a torch): tz'ototUc ID, 3,9F. 

become twisted: tz'otey 9F; tz'otp'ij 9F. 

chib 12, 

made in two ways: cha'-tek pasel 12A. 

two and a half pounds: 'o'lol 'oxib Ubra 12, 

15A3; 'o'lol 'oxib p'is 12. 

two by two: chabchab 12. 

(clothing, friar): j-tek 31, 35A. 

tz'i'ley 'osil [spoil tiie world] ME, 20; 

me'anajes 'osil [make world sorrowful] 

ME, 20. 

tz'i'lejesel 'osU 20; me'anajesel 'osU 20. 

kola'al vinik 16E, 161,16Q, 20; k'ak'al vinUc 

[hot person] MG, 16E. 161, 16Q, 20; 

jme'anajesej-'osU 16E, 161,16Q, 20. 

native language: k'op U. 

person who speaks TzotzU fluentiy: jna' k'op 

11. 

umbilical 

unable 

uncle 

uncover 

unction 

under 

underarm 

underground 

u 

udder (cow, sow): bek'tal chu' 6F; chu' 6F. 

ugliness 'ila'alU 16R; kola'al 16R. 

ugly kolo' 16R; kolo' 'elov 16R; mo ch'ululuk 

ba 16R; mo lekuk 16R; mo saksakuk 

16R; mo t'ujumuk 16R; toj kolo' 16R. 

be ugly: mo t'ujumuk 'elov 16R. 

be ugly (person, animal): xi'benaj ba [be 

fearsome] 6, 7C. 14.16R. 

become ugly: tz'i'lej 16R; kola'aj 16R. 

have an ugly appearance or face: kolo' ba 

sat 7C, 16R. 

make ugly: tz'i'lejes 16R; tz'i'ley 16R; 

kola'ajes 16R. 

umbilical cord: mixik'U 7A, ISA. 

be unable to do: mo Hu' 'u'un 16L. 

(fatiier's brother): jun totil ISF. 

great uncle (grandfather's brotiier): jun muk'ta 

totil 18F. 

jam9C. 

exfreme unction: t'abel 18E. 35C. 

ta 'olon 4. 

bad underarm odor: tuU lotz'opil 7C. SD. 

put underground: but' la lum IB. 9C; but'i 

IB, 9C; but'i j-tz'uj ta lum IB, 9C; 

but'ijes la lumtUc IB. 9C; ch'Uc ta lum 

IB, 9C; k'al ta lum IB. 9C; muk IB. 9C; 

muk ta lum IB, 9C; muk ta lumtUc IB, 

9C; mukbil la lumtik IB, 9C; mukul la 

lumtUc IB, 9C. 

'a'iU. 

not understand weU: mu toj 'a'i U. 

understand very well: laj 'a'i U. 

'a'iabU U;'a'ivanab U. 

tzulul IC, 9A2, 9C. 

be put underwaten tz'aj IC, 9A2, 9C. 

put underwater: tzul ta Ho' IC, 9A2, 9C; 

tzulbU IC, 9A2, 9C; tz'aj ta Ho' IC. 

9A2, 9C; mul IC, 9A2, 9C; mul la Ho' 

IC, 9A2,9C; mulbU IC. 9A2. 9C; mulul 

IC. 9A2.9C. 

undUuted (wine): mo 'oyuk kap 23B. 

undo ch'ak lOE; tilp'un lOE; tuk lOE. 

undone come undone: ch'ak lOE; tilp'uj lOE; Hituj 

lOE. 

uneasy be uneasy: sok 16J; sok 'olonton [have one's 

heart be disturbed] 14B6, 16J. 

uneven uneven number: mo 'oyuk nup 12. 

unexpectedly •ja'al 17. 

unfaithfulness mo ch'uuneluk dios 15A1, 16K, 16P, 35C; 

mo ch'uunvanejuk 16K, 16P, 35C. 

unfold lich' 9C. 

unfolded lich'anbU 9C; lich'bU 9C; lich'U 9C. 

understand 

understanding 

underwater 
474 

unfortunate ma'-ch'ulel [soulless] 14B7, 16L. 

unfortunate person: jma'-ch'ulel 16L. 

ungrateful mu na' 'aboltayel 161,16P, 16Q. 

unhappy be unhappy: bUc'taj 'olonton [have one's 

heart grow small] 14B6, 14F2, 16J; mo 

'oyuk ch'ulel [not have a soul or fate] 

14B7, 16J. 

uniform 'etel k'u'ul 31C; tzatzajebal k'u'ul 31C; 

k'u'ul 31C; pasel k'u'ul 31C; vinajeb 

k'u' 31C; vinajebal k'u'ul [display clothing] 14,31C. 

unique mo 'oyuk nup 8G. 

unite junajes 9B. 

unjust mo 'utzuk 16L, 17; mo meleliUc 16L, 17; 

mo tojoluk 16L, 17. 

unjustified naka 'altik 17. 

unlucky be unlucky: kolo' balam 16L; kolo' ch'uleUl 

[wicked soul or fate] 14B7, 16L; mo 

'oyuk ch'ulel 16L. 

unmarried mu lekav 18D. 

be unmarried: naka no 'ox xanav [just live 

or walk] 14, 18D. 

unnecessary ma'-tuul 16L. 

be unnecessary: mo 'oyuk tu 16L. 

unoccupied be unoccupied: •'ap' 27D. 

unprofitably live unprofitably: naka-xanav 27. 

unravel tUch'uj lOE; tilch'un lOE. 

unraveled unraveled clotii: tz'otbU pok' lOE, 31 A; 

chichinab pok' lOE, 31 A. 

unreasonable naka 'allUc 16K. 

unripe tze 5; tzeel 5. 

untamed 'ach' to 6. 

untied mu chukbiluk lOE; Hitil lOE. 

untU k'alal 2, 4; k'alal ta 2, 4; Ii' k'alal U' 2, 4; 

yo' 'oy 2,4. 

up up to where: k'alal le 'oy 4. 

uphUI uphUl and away: muyel batel 4. 

uphUl and towards: muyel talel 4. 

upright va'al 4. 

set upright va'an 4. 

set upright (poles): va'anbil 4. 

bUc'tajesbey 'olonton [make one's heart 

grow smaU] 14B6, 14F2, 16J; lUces 16J. 

be turned upside down with the wide part 

on tiie bottom: pach'ey 4,9B. 

setting a (wide object) upside down with the 

wide part on tiie bottom: pach'al 4, 9B. 

turn object upside down witii tiie wide part 

on tiie bottom: pach'an 4, 9B. 

turn upside down: sutejes 4,9B; sutes 4,9B. 

turned upside down witii the wide part on the 

bottom: pach'anbil 4. 

upsfream muyel batelbatel la 'uk'um 9A2. 

upwards ta tojol 'ak'ol 4. 

upset 

upside 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

urinal k'abnabU 28D1. 

urinate k'abin 7E. 

person who urinates: k'abnom 7E; jk'abinel 

7E; jk'abnel 7E. 

luinate on: k'abtay 7E. 

urinated urinated on: k'abtaybil 7E. 

urine k'abil 7B. 

difficulty in evacuating urine: makel be 

k'abU 7E, 33. 

have difficulty evacuating urine: mak be 

k'abU 7E. 33. 

use use up: lajes lOD; sak-ch'ay 'u'un lOD. 

used used up: lajem lOD. 

useless useless person: ma'-tuul vinUc 16L, 160; 

mo 'oyuk k'usi tu 16L, 160; naka vinik 

16L, 160; •pomol vinUc 16L, 160. 

uterine uterine flux: naka Ho' ch'ich' 7B, 18C. 

vagabond ma'-tuul vinUc 9A1, 20; mak 'ik' [wind 

obsfriiction] 9A1, ME, 20; mak k'ak'al 

[sun-blocker] 9A1, MG, 20; mo 'oyuk 

k'usi tu 9A1, 20; naka vinik 9A1, 20. 

vagina 'antzilel 7A1, ISC; lu'U 7A1, 18C; yaxal 

bek'tal [blue-green flesh] 7A1, 14D2, 

18C. 

vain do in vain: naka 'altik pas 16L; naka pas 16L. 

in vain: 'altUc 16L; ma'-batUc 16L; naka 'altik 

16L; nakanaka 16L; nakatUc 16L; Ha' no 

'ox yalal 16L. 

spend the day or time in vain: naka 'ech' 

'osil 'euk 2, 16L; naka mal k'ak'al 'u'un 

[just have the sun set] 2, ME, 16L. 

vainglory ma'-ba muibel 16Q; ma'-ba nichimajel 16Q; 

mu tojol 'utzibeluk 16Q; mu tojol muibeluk 16Q; mu tojol nichimajeluk 16Q; 

naka 'altik muibel 16Q; naka 'altik 

nichimajel 16Q. 

valley become a vaUey: •Hopan IB. 

large vaUey: tenlej IB; •Hoplej IB. 

shaUow vaUey: lomlej IB. 

valley sunken in the middle: pullej IB. 

with many valleys: •HopHoptik IB. 

with valleys: •Hopol IB. 

valuable jaka jol 27B; jol 27B. 

be more valuable: 'oy tojol 27B; jelav tojol 

27B; p'UU tojol 'ech' 27B. 

be valuable: 'ep tojol 27B; 'ip jalal 27B. 

value k'ux 'a'i [feel pain] MC, 27B; nop ta 27B; 

nop tojol 27B; nopbey tojol 27B; tojoUl 

27B. 

value highly: toj jalan 27B; toj jol *a'i 27B; 

toj tiiun 'a'i 27B. 
NUMBER 31 

valued 

vat 

vault 

vegetable 

velvet 

venerate 

vengeful 

vengefuUiess 

vent 

verdigris 

vermiUon 

very 

vestments 

vex 

vexation 

vexatious 

vexed 

vicar 

vice 

viceroy 

vicious 

victorious 

victory 

view 

vigU 

vile 

vine 

vinegar 

vineyard 

violate 

be highly valued: jalaj 27B. 

dyer's vat 'av bon 31 A; bonobil 31 A; nabeb 

31 A. 

xototik 28D. 

build vaults: xototik ch'ubay 28. 

'itaj 5B, 

vegetable patch: j-t'abal 5B, 26; j-t'ob 5B, 

26; t'abal 'itaj 5B, 26, 

terciopelo 15A4, 3ID. 

k'ex 16C, 35C. 

k'ak'al [hot] MG, 16H. 

vengeful person: k'ak'al vinUc 16H. 

k'ak'al 16H. 

'avanabU 28D. 

yax-lum 8F1, 29. 

•xiUco SFl. 

batz'i 12. 

tzatzajebal pok' 31C. 

royal vestments: 'ajvalel k'u'ul 31C. 

'ak' ta ya 16J; labanes 16J; yaijes 16J; 

yayaubes 16J. 

person who vexes another: j'ak'vanej ta ya 

16J. 

yaya 16J; yayail 16J; yayaubel 16J. 

vexatious person: jyayaublasvanej 16J. 

be vexed: tavan 'osU 'a'i 16J; yaya 'osil *a'i 

16J; yayaub 16J. 

k'exol 20; lok'ol 20. 

vicar general: provisor 15A1, 35A. 

ma'-ba xanbal 16P; tenkex xanbal 16P; 

tenkexil 16P. 

k'exol rey 15A2. 16E. 20; lok'ob-ba rey 

15A2. 16E. 20; virrey 15A2.16E. 20. 

toj kolo' 161, 16R 

be victorious: 'ip jelav [pass far beyond] 

MC, 16C, 20A, 21E; 'ip jelavel 16C, 

20A. 21E. 

jelavel 20A, 2 IE. 

(from the house or the window): vinajeb 'osil 

IB, 8F, 28C. 

have a view (from the house or the window): 

vinaj 'osil yo' 'oy IB, 8F, 28C. 

julayel 7F, 35C. 

kolo' 16P; ma'-tuul 16P; mo 'utzuk 16P; 

mo joluk 16P; tenkex 16P; tenkextUc 16P. 

vile person: •pomol vinik 16R 

'ak'5. 

round vine: t'ut' 'ak' 5A. 

pajal vino 15A10, 23A1; vinagre 15A10, 

23A1. 

tz'usubtUc 5B, 26; chabal tz'usub 26; chabal 

chi' 26. 

vineyard keeper: jchabi-tz'usub 26A. 

violate a law: tz'iUcuUn takiej 21A; tz'ukuvfrgin 

vfrginity 

virtue 

virtuous 

virtuously 

virtuousness 

vise 

visible 

vision 

visit 

visited 

visitor 

voice 

voluntarily 

vomit 

vote 

wag 

wage 

waU 

waUer 

wailing 

waist 

wait 

wake 

475 

linbey takiej 21A; jel takiej 21A; p'as 

takiej 20, 21 A. 

'UtzU 'antz 18B, 18C; batz'i tzeb [real or tme 

gfrl] 14,18B, 18C; tzeel tzeb [unripe gfrl] 

14, 18B. ISC; kuxul tzeb [live gfrl] 14, 

18B, 18C. 

tzeel tzebal 18C; kuxul tzebaUI 18C. 

'utzil 16A; 'utzU 'olonton [good heart] 14B6, 

16A; 'utzil xanbal 16A. 

virtuous person: j'utzibtasvanej 16A; melel 

vinUc 16A; tojol vinUc 16A. 

live virtuously: t'ujum-xanav 16A. 

tojol 'olonton [sfraight heart] 14B6,16A. 

latz'obil 26B, 28B; pitz'ob te' 26B, 28B; 

pitz'obU 26B, 28B. 

(of carpenter or sculptor): latz'ob 26B, 28B. 

'iley 8F. 

barely visible: nach'al 8F. 

be barely visible: nach' 8F. 

be clearly visible or exposed: vinaj 8F. 

be visible: k'elav 8F; tak' 'Uel 8F; Hu' 'Uel 

8F. 

(seen when awake): lab salU 8F, 35C. 

have a vision: 'U 8F, 35C. 

see visions: lab-sati 8F, 35C; lab-satij 8F, 

35C. 

'ula'aj 19A; 'ula'ajel 19A; 'ula'al 19A; 

'ula'an 19A; bat 'il [go to see] MI, 19A. 

'ilbU 19A; 'ula'anbU 19A. 

j'ula'ajel 19A; j'ula'al 19A. 

lose one's voice: mak ti' 33. 

likel ta 'olonton [beginning in one's heart] 

14B6,16C; lok'uk talel la 'olonton [come 

out from one's heart] 14B6, 16C. 

xen 7E, 33. 

vomit on: xetay 7E, 33. 

'alel 20; bultas 20; bullasel 20; Hap ti'il 20. 

w 

wag one's tail: ne'ulan ne 6G; nikulan ne 

6G; tutzUan ne 6G. 

tojol 'abtel 27; tojolil 27; tojolil ta 'abtel 27. 

earn wages: tzak 27. 

'a'onet 7E, SCI; 'avan la 'ok'el 7E, SCI; 

'i'onet 7E,8C1. 

j'a'onetel 7E, 8C1; j'i'onetel 7E, 8C1. 

'a'onetel 7E, SCI; 'i'onetel 7E, 8C1. 

na 'olontonil [heart house] 7A, 14B6. 

wait for person: malay 2; malayvan 2. 

'ilel 'ak'abal 7F, ISE, 35C; julayel 7F, 18E, 

35C. 

wake up: 'a'i ba [feel oneself] 7F, MC; julay 

7F; kuxol 7F. 
476 

waUc 

waUcer 

walking 

waU 

waUow 

waUowing 

walnut 

want 

war 

bUc'tal xanbal [small waUc] 9A1, 14F2; lajeb 

xanavebal 9A1; sutej xanavebal 9A1; 

sutej xanbal 9A1; xanav 9A1; xanbal 

9A1. 

(of person who is taking a waUc): lajeb xanbal 

9A1; sutej xanbal 9A1. 

long walk: natil xanbal 9A1. 

make waUc: 'ak' xanavuk 9A1; xanantas 

9A1; xanaves 9A1. 

take a waUc: bUc'tal-xanav 9A1; lajeb-xanav 

[waUc to tiie end] 9A1, 14; sutej-xanav 

9A1. 

walk on four legs: kotey 6G, 9A1; kotol 6G, 

9A1. 

waUc to or from a certain place: xan 4, 9A1. 

xanvil 9A1. 

metal lip of waUcing stick: lak'in chak 

nam-te'U 9A1. 

mimic person's manner of walking: pUcbey 

'ok [touch one's feel or legs] MBIO, 16N. 

ch'ub 28D1. 

adobe wall: xamital ch'ub 15B. 28D1. 

be two deep (wall of adobe or stones): 

cha'-k'ol bat 28D1. 

church wall: ch'ub na dios 15A1.28D1,35B. 

corner of a waU: ni' ch'ub 3, 28D1. 

stone wall: tonal ch'ub 28D1. 

sfraight wall: tojol ch'ub 3. 28D1. 

town waU: tenam ton 15B, 19, 28D1. 

turreted wall: pixbtultUc 28C3, 28D1. 

waU hanging: k'ianbil pok' 22D; lich'bU 

pok' ta xokomtik 22D. 

waU of stakes, mud or mortar: pak'bal na 

28D1; •pok'om 28D1; •pok'omtik 28D1. 

waU with many turrets: pak'ak'tik 28D1. 

whitewashed waU: tanibU •pok'om 28D1; 

tanibU •pok'omtik 28D1. 

balalij IB, 6G; balalijebal IB, 6G; balan ba 

ta 'ach'el IB, 6G; balch'un ba IB, 6G; 

balch'un ba ta 'ach'el IB, 6G; ch'ay ta 

'ach'el IB, 6G; mul ta 'ach'el IB, 6G. 

mulel IB, 6G. 

waUowing in mud: ch'ayel IB, 6G. 

nuez 5B, 15A10; ton bek' [stone seed] 5B, 

14. 

sauce made of poimded waUiuls and spice: 

juch'bU nueces 15A10, 23A1; p'uyum 

nueces 15A10,23A1. 

walnut sauce: ton bek' 23Al. 

k'an 17; lak' 17. 

'antzU ti' [womanly mouth or lips] 14B5. 

2IE; yabutil 2IE. 

earn wages in war: 'ich' tojol 27; tojey 21E, 

27; tojey ta ch'ilomal 2IE. 27. 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

wage earned in war: tojol ta yabutU 2 IE. 27; 

tojolU 21E, 27. 

wage war: 'antzU-ti'ij 21E; yabutij 21E. 

wage war on: 'antzil-ti'in 2IE; nak 2IE. 

warble 'ok' 6G, SCI; ch'Ucet 6G, SCI. 

warbler jch'Ucetel 6B1, 8C1. 

(bfrd): j'ok'el 6B1.8C1. 

warfare mock warfare: tajimol ch'ilom 16N, 21E. 

32B. 

warm k'ixnajes 8A; k'ixnay SA. 

(water or cold object): tzamesbey *e [kUl its 

teetii or mouth] SA, 14B5. 

warm self: k'ixnaj 7E, 8A. 

warm self by the ffre: k'atin si' ID, 7E, 8A. 

warm self by the ffre as do people or animals: 

k'atin ID, 6G. 7E, SA. 

warm water: k'un k'ixin Ho' IC. 8A. 

warmer food warmer: k'ixnajesab ve'el SA. 22C. 

warming object used for warming self: k'atimol 7E, 

8A. 

warming oneself: k'atimol 7E, SA; k'atinel 

7E. SA. 

warn tzitz U. 13A; tzitza'aj U, 13A; taki 11. 

warner jtzitza'ajel U, 13A; jtzitzvanej U, 13A. 

warning tzitzo' U, 13A. 

warp te'om 31 A. 

(cloth): tij 31 A. 

prepare warp lashing: jit'aki 31 A. 

throw tiie warp across the woof: tUc' jolob 

31A. 

warped (cloth): melbU te'om 31A; tijbil 31A. 

warrior j'antzil-ti' 21E1; jyabutijel 21E1; jyabutU 

21E1; mulavil j'antzil-ti' 21E1; nakmal 

21E1. 

sfrong warrior: tzotz ch'Uom 21E1. 

wart tzo' •'uk [bedbug shit] MB 12, 33. 

wash chuk' 22E; chuk'omaj 22E. 

wash off (ashes from corn, mud from one's 

knees): sap IB. 7G. 23A3; sapulan IB, 

7G, 23A3. 

washer jchuk'om 22A. 

washing chuk'om 22E. 

washing place: chuk'omajeb 4, 22E. 

wasp brown wasp tiiat nests in frees: xux 6E. 

large brown wasp: k'ak'al 'at [hot penis or 

stinger] 6E. 14B9. 

wasp with terrestrial nest: muum 6E. 

waste ch'ay 21D; lajes 21D; ma'-batik lajes 21D; 

mo tojoluk lajes 2ID. 

wasted mu tojoluk bat 2ID. 

be wasted: laj 2ID; ma'-batik laj 2ID; mo 

tojoluk laj 21D; mu vinaj bat 21D. 

wasteland freeless wasteland: mo 'oyuk te' yo' 'oy IB, 

5; naka jobeltik IB. 5. 
NUMBER 31 477 

wateh (1) 

wateh (2) 

watehman 

watehtower 

water 

water carrier 

watered 

water jug 

wave 

wax 

waxed 

way 

uninhabited wasteland: xokol 'osU IB. 19. 

na'ob 'osU [time-rememberer] 2, ME, 22C. 

k'el SF; k'elvan 8F. 

wateh oven chabi 8F. 

house watehman: jchabi-na 22A. 

night watehman: jchabi-'ak'abal 20; jjoyvanej 20. 

pa'ivanab 28C3; pa'ivanab 'osil [worldwatoher] ME, 28C3. 

'a'al IC; 'ach'es IC; 'ak'bey 'a'iel IC; 'at'es 

IC; 'och 'a'lel 'u'un IC; malatay IC; 

t'uxubtas IC; Ho' IC. 

bank or edge of any body of water: ti' Ho' 

[water mouth or Ups] IC, 14B5. 

be put in water: tz'ajey IC, 9B. 

calm water: tz'ananet xanav IC; tz'ananet 

Ho' IC. 

clear waten yox-o' IC, 

dammed up water: tz'anal Ho' IC, 9E, 28E, 

deep water: 'o'lol nab IC, 

draw waten lup Ho' IC. lOB, 

draw water from a weU: lik Ho' IC, lOB. 

drawing of water: Ha'bej IC, lOB. 

enter deep water: '(x;h ta natil Ho' IC, 9A2. 

have water stirred up by storm or wind: balet 

nojel lA, IC; vokan lA, IC. 

holy water: 'a'al dios IC, 15Al, 35C; 

Ch'uiltasbU Ho' IC, 35C; ch'uivel Ho' 

IC, 35C. 

narrow body of water: chukuUl nab IC. 

pour water from bowl to bowl: t'oj Ho' IC. 

22C, 23A3. 

put in waten tz'ajal IC. 9B. 

sounder for measuring depth of water: liklik 

lak'in [dangling metal] IC. 9A2. 14; 

p'isobil natil Ho' IC, 9A2. 

water moving quietly: tz'ananet IC. 

Ha'bU 22A. 

serve as water carrier: Ha'bUin 22A. 

malataybil IC. lOD, 26. 

k'ib 22C. 

make small waves: yuk'et IC; yuk'yonet IC, 

small waves: yuk'etel Ho' IC; yuk'yonetel 

IC. 

'ak'bey chab lOA; 'otes chab lOA; bon ta 

chab lOA; tz'aj la chab lOA; chab lOA; 

sul la chab 10A. 

bonbU la chab lOA; tz'ajal ta chab lOA. 

be 9A1; pasel 17; Hech pasel 17. 

in this way: Hech 'ilel 17. 

in whatever way: k'usiuk no 'ox cha'leybU 

17. 

way of Ufe: Hech talel 17. 

which way?: buy jechuk 4; buy tojol 4; 

waylaid 

waylay 

waylayer 

weak 

weaken 

weakness 

wealth 

wean 

weaned 

weapon 

wear 

weasel 

weather 

weave 

weaver 

wedding 

buyuk jechuk 4. 

whichever way: buyuk no 'ox 4; buyuk no 

'ox jechuk 4, 

person to be waylaid: pa'-miUc'uybol 9A1. 

21A, 

person waylaid: pa'-muk'uyoj 9A1. 21A, 

place where people are waylaid: pa'-

muk'uyab 4, 9A1. 21A, 

pa'-muk'uy 9A1. 21A; pa'-miUc'uyvan 9A1. 

21A; pa'-muk'uyvan 9A1.21A; pas 9A1, 

21A, 

waylay on the trail: paj la be 9A1. 21 A. 

jpa'-muk'uyvanej 21A, 

mo 'ipuk 33; toj k'un 33, 

(body): mo tzotziUc 33, 

be weak: mo 'oyiUc 33; mo 'oyuk 'ip 33; 

mo tzotzuk 'ok 33. 

be weak with age or inffrmily: 'ok'elal 'osil 

'a'i [feel tiie crying time] ME, 33, 

weak person: k'urul vinik 33, 

bik'tajes [reduce] 14F2. 33, 

(ofbody):k'unU33, 

'ayUc'leUl 15C, 27; •'ichinal 27; •'ichinalU 

27; 'utzU 27; bel na 27; p'olmal 27; 

p'oUnalil 27, 

improve one's wealth: 'Uc'ti'ij 16C, 27, 

improve one's wealth or luck: vokolij 16C, 

27, 

increase one's wealth (as in wUls some are 

more improved than others): p'ilU 'aboltay 

16C, 18E. 27, 

multiply one's wealtii almost inadvertentiy: 

'ep 'esomajes 16C, 27, 

ch'anantas ta chu' 18B. 

be weaned: 'iktay chu' 18B; kom chu' 'u'un 

ISB. 

tzatzajel 21E2. 

wear out (clothing): laj 31, 31 A. 

'ajval tuluk' [lord or enemy of chickens] 

6A1, MA; saben 6A1. 

black weasel: 'Uc'al saben 6A1, SFl. 

brown weasel: tzajal saben 6A1, SFl. 

'osU lA. 

have weather improve: 'utzib 'osil [have 

weather get good] 1 A, ME. 

jal 31A; jalav 31A. 

jjalom 3IB. 

weaver of coarse clotii: jjal pimU tux-nok' 

chij 3IB. 

nupunel 18D. 

man's wedding: ni'atzel ISC, 18D; ni'atzijel 

18C. 18D. 

prcKlaim wedding banns (as when they 

display those who are getting married): 
478 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

wedge 

weed 

weed-hook 

weeded 

weeder 

weeding 

week 

weevil 

weft 

weigh 

weighed 

weight 

welcome 

welcomer 

weU 

ye 18D. 

pajchuch 26B. 

wedge in: 'ak' k'ux ba 9E. 

'ak'inaj 26; 'ak'intay 26; voymol 5. 

(weedy place): tz'i'lel 'osU 5. 26; tz'i'leltik 

5.26. 

weed a second time: cho'ilan 26; josilan 26. 

weed cornfield: 'ak'intay 'ixim 26; tiUcesbey 

26; tukesbey lum 26; tuki lum 26; tukibey 

lum 26. 

weed too early whUe the plants are stUl 

young: yax-maj [hit blue-green] 14D2, 

26. 

jotz'ob lum 26B; tukiab lum 26B. 

tukibil 26. 

j'ak'in 26A; j'ak'inajel 26A; j'ak'intayvanej 

26A, 

'ak'in 26; tukesej-lum 26; tukiej-lum 26, 

plants removed by weeding: 'ak'in 5. lOD. 

26. 

weeding instrument: 'ak'inajeb 26B; 'ak'inajebal 26B. 

weeding season: k'in 'ak'in 2B, 26. 

semana 2B, 15A3; Huk-k'in jun domingo 

2B, 15A3. 

every week: HukiUc-k'in 2B. 

week by week: Hukuk-k'in 2B. 

joch' 6E. 

buk'ul 31 A. 

p'is 12. 

weigh down: lom la tek'el 12. 

P'isbU 12. 

'alal 12. 

equality (tme weight): tojobel 12. 

half a hundred weight (half a fanega): j-te'el 

12A, 26; te'el ta muk'ta te' 12,26. 

hundred weight (seed): te'el 12, 26. 

lose weight sap' lOD. 

loss of weight sap'al lOD. 

one hundred weight: cha'-'Ucatz 12A; chanib 

arroba 12, 15A3; quintal 12,15A3. 

person who gives tme weight or measure: 

jp'is 12,16D; jp'isojel 12,16D;jp'isvanej 

12, 16D; jtojobtasej-p'is 12, 16D. 

tme weight: melel p'is 12; tojol p'is 12; 

tojolU 12. 

weight for scales: p'isobil peso 12, 15A3; 

tak'in peso 12, 15A3. 

weight of twenty-five pounds: arroba 12, 

15A3. 

nupol 19 A. 

jnupol 19 A. 

'utz 7C. 

be weU: 'utz 'oy 7C. 

weU-acquainted 

weU-cooked 

weU-mannered 

went 

west 

wet 

wemifrse 

what 

what? 

whatever 

wheat 

wheedler 

wheel 

when 

when? 

whenever 

where 

where? 

wherever 

whet 

whetstone 

whetted 

whey 

which 

whichever 

while 

do weU: 'utzibes 16C; 'utzintas 16C. 

get well: 'utzib 34. 

be well-acquainted with: laal chi'in ta xanbal 

U; laal k'ot tana U. 

be weU-cooked: ta'aj 23A3. 

weU-mannered person: 'utzU vinik 16F; 

k'exlal vinUc 16F. 

'ay9Al. 

maleb k'ak'al 4. 

'ach'es SB; 'at'es SB. 

(person): 'atintas SB. 

get wet 'ach' SB; 'atin 8B; 'atin Ho' SB. 

jchu'untasvanej 16N, ISB. 

k'usi 36. 

k'usi U; k'usi ma ti U. 

yo' 'oy k'usi 36. 

castiUan 'ixim 5B, 15A10. 

wheat chaff: baklel castiUan 'ixim 5B, 

15A10. 

wheat chalf (small): jojoch' castUlan 'ixim 

5B, 15A10. 

wheat tassel: vajton 5B; vajton castiUan 

'ixim 5B. 15A10. 

jtas-k'op [he who drags out words] 14J. 16N. 

setet 25B. 

metal wheel: setet tak'in 25B. 

stone wheel: setet ton 26B, 

wooden wheel: setet te' 25B, 

(in the future): bak'in 2, 

(in the past): bak'ni 2. 

buy 'osil [where in time] 2. ME; buy k'ak'al 

2; buy k'ak'al k'in 2. 

k'uk 'a' 'oy 2; Ha' no 'ox tza 2. 

(in the future): bak'inuk no 'ox 2. 

buy 4. 

from where: buy 4; buytik 4. 

to where: buy 4, 

where once: te no 'ox 2.4; te yo' 'oy ba'yie 

2,4, 

buy 4. 

buytikuk 4; buyuk 4. 

jux 9D. lOA; pasbey 'e 9D, lOA; Hux 9D, 

lOA. 

Hux 26B; Huxob 26B; Huxob 'ek'el 26B; 

Huxob ton 26B; HuxobU 26B; HuxHux 

ton 26B. 

object being whetted: juxoj 9D. lOA. 

'a'lel chu' chij 23A2; matz' chu' chij 23A2. 

(person): buch'uy 36; much'uy 36; much'uy 

junuk 36. 

k'usiuk no 'ox 36; buch'uyuk 36; much'uyuk 

36. 

lana 2. , 

in a Utile while: juteb xa 2; t'abel no *ox 2; 
NUMBER 31 479 

whinny 

whip 

whiplash 

whipping 

whfrl 

whfrlpool 

whfrlwind 

whisk 

whiskey 

whistie 

white 

white-haired 

whiten 

whiteness 

whitewash 

whitewasher 

who 

whoever 

whole 

whore 

t'abel xa 2; t'abeU'abel no 'ox 2; va'al 

no *ox 2; va'alva'al no 'ox 2; yalul xa 2. 

in a short whUe: va'al no 'ox 2; va'alva'al 

no *ox 2. 

short while: t'abel no 'ox 2, 

'i'onet6G, 8C1; 'i'onet 'ok' 6G, SCI; 'i'onet 

ta 'ok'el 6G, SCI; 'i'onetel 6G, SCI, 

maj 21C; majob ch'ojon 21C; majobU 21C; 

majvan 21C, 

person whom one whips: majben 21C, 

'av ch'ojon 21C, 33; majbenal 21C, 33, 

whiplash on the buttocks: jich'el ta majel 

chak 21C, 33; jipel ta majel chak 21C, 33, 

sentenced to a whipping: majbU vo'ney 

20A, 21C; majey vo'ney 20A, 21C. 

whfrl around: joyet 9A1; sutet 9A1. 

joyijeb Ho' IC; suttitijeb Ho' IC. 

'ipal 'Uc' lA; 'ipal Ho' lA; sutum 'Uc' lA. 

jach'ubtay 22E. 

clothes whisk: jach'ubtayabU 22E, 31 A. 

corn whiskey: 'a'lel 'ixim [corn juice] 14, 

23B. 

xuxub 32A; xuxubaj 32A; xuxubajel 32A; 

xuxuban 32A; xuxubanel 32A; xuxubU 

32A; vilol 32A1, 

(made through one's fingers): tz'utz'up 7E1, 

32A. 

toy whistie: vUol 32A1, 32B. 

whistie (through one's fingers): tz'ulz'upaj 

7E1, 32A. 

whistie at tz'utz'uptay 32A; xuxubtay 32A. 

saksak SFl. 

(eye with cataract): sak-^toan satil SFl, 33; 

sak-velan sat SFl, 33. 

appear white as a cliff or churches in the 

distance: sak-jalan IB, SFl, 35B; sakkepan IB, SFl, 35B; sak-tik'an IB, SF. 

SFl, 35B. 

become white: sakub SFl. 

be white-hafred: sak jol 7C, SFl. 

sakubes SFl; sakubtas SFl. 

sakil SFl, 

taniv SFl, 28; tanivej 8F1,28. 

(witii slaps of the bmsh): maj-tani SFl, 28. 

tanivU 28A. 

buch'uy 36; much'uy 36. 

buch'uyuk no 'ox 36; much'uyiUc no 'ox 36; 

yo' 'oy much'uy 36. 

batz'i jun 12; tz'akal 12; pisil 12; pispis 12; 

toj jun 12. 

'ix ta majel 18C, 27A; kobvan ISC, 27; 

jkobel ISC. 27A; majavU 'antz 18C. 27A; 

mulav 18C. 27; mulavU 'antz ISC. 27A. 

become a whore: majav ISC, 27A. 

whoremaster jkobvanej 18C. 27A; mulavil xinch'ok 18C. 

27A. 

whoring go whoring: majav ISC. 27. 

whose much'uy 'u'un U' lOB; much'uy lekoj U' 

lOB. 

why that's why: Ha' 'u'un 17; Ha' koj 17. 

that's why not Ha' koj mo'oj 17. 

why not?: k'usi koj mo'oj U. 

why? koj U; k'usi 'u'un U; k'usi koj U; k'usi 

k'alal U. 

wick candle wick: naul candela ID. 15A5. 

clotii lamp wick: pak'al ID. 31 A. 

lamp wick: naul ID. 

wick made of cloth: japbalal pok' ID. 31 A. 

wick made of string: japbalal no ID. 

wicked toj kolo' 16P; toj lob 16P. 

wickedly live wickedly: kola'al-xanav 16P. 

wickedness kola'al 16P; labal 16P; Hovil 16R 

wide muk' pach'lej 3; miUc' popol 3. 

set down a wide object: pach'an 3. 9B. 

widen p'oles 3. 

widow 'Uclalep 18E. 21B. 

be widowed: 'iktalepay ISE. 21B. 

person in charge of widows: jtzoyleb 18E, 

21B; jjok'leb ISE, 21B. 

widower •te'el chol 18E, 21B. 

become a widower: •te'el-cholay 21B, 

wife 'ajnilal 18F; val-te' 18F. 

take a wife: val-te'in 18D. 

take a wife (before celebrating the wedding): 

val-te'ij ISC. 18D. 

wUd 'abnaUl 4; 'abnaltikil 4; te'tikil 4; voymoltikU 4. 

wild fmit: 'abnaltUcil lo'bol 5. 

wilderness uninhabited wilderness: 'ol 'osil IB, 19; 

te'tUc 5,19. 

wiU(l) tz'akubtasel testamento UA, 15A2, 18E; 

testamento UA, 15A2, 18E; Ha' le 

jok'anbeat UA, ISE. 

make a wiU: pas testamento U, 15A2, 18E. 

will (2) k'anvanab 17; k'op 'olonton [word of one's 

heart] MB6.14J, 17; naka 'olonton no 'ox 

[just in tiie heart] 14B6. 17; talel ta 

'olonton [coming in the heart] 14B6, 17. 

will (3) ta 2. 

willow tok'oy 5A. 

willow grove: tok'oytik 5A. 

willpower k'anvanab 16C. 17. 

win (inheritance, lottery): lekon lOB, 16C, 18E. 

(lottery): 'ich'on lOB, 16C. 

win a bet: 'aleyvan 16C, 32B. 

wind (1) 'ik' lA. 

east wind: 'ak'ol 'Uc' [upper wind] lA, 4, 

ME; k'ak'alU 'Uc' lA, 4. 
480 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

wind (2) 

windpipe 

windstorm 

wine 

wineskin 

wing 

wink 

winking 

winnow 

winnowing 

winter 

wire 

wise 

light wind: k'unil 'Uc' lA. 

pestilential wind: 'ipal chamelal 'Uc' lA, 33. 

west wind: 'olon 'Uc' [lower wind] lA, 4, 

ME. 

wind around (not making a baU, but crosswise 

or back and fortii as when cord is put on 

a frame): k'am 9C. 

wind around (snake): k'amam 6G. 

be 'Uc' [breatii. afr or wind path] 7A1.14B5; 

be'Uc'al7Al;HubU7Al. 

'ipal 'Uc' lA. 

chi' [sweet] 14. 23B; vino 15A10, 23B. 

be immatifre: mu to k'ot ta 'okel 23B. 

beam of a wine press: net'ob tz'usub 9D, 

23A3; pitz'ob tz'usub 9D, 23A3. 

beam or screwpin of a wine press: net'obil 

9D. 23A3; pitz'obil 9D, 23A3. 

new wine: 'ach' chi' 23B; mu lo ta pas chi' 

23B. 

plum wine: 'a'lel po'on 23B. 

piu-e wine: batz'i chi' 23B; tzeel chi' 23B; 

tzeel vino 15A10, 23B; kuxul chi' 23B. 

red wine: tzajal chi' SFl, 23B; chak-juban 

chi'8Fl,23B. 

screwpin of a wine press: net'ob 9D, 23A3; 

pitz'ob 9D, 23A3. 

sell wine: chon chi' 23B. 27. 

white wine: sakil chi' SFl. 23B. 

wine merchant: jchon-chi' 23B, 27A. 

wine press: net'ob tz'usub 9D, 23A3, 23B; 

net'obU tz'usub 9D. 23A3, 23B. 

wine press where grapes are frod: tek'ob 

tz'usub 9D. 23A3.23B; tek'vanab tz'usub 

9D. 23A3, 23B. 

muk'ta chu'uy 22C, 23B; nukul 22C, 23B; 

nukulal chu'uy 22C, 23B. 

xik' 6F. 

bird's wing stripped of feathers: xUc' 6F, 

lOD, lOE. 

mUc'mon sat 7E; mutz'-sativanej 7E. 

wink at mutz'-sati 7E; mulz'-sativan 7E. 

call by winking: mutz' sati 'ik' 7E. 

jik'ay 23A3, 26; veluy 23A3, 26; vuch' 

23A3, 26. 

winnowing floor: 'ik'ayabil 'ixim 26, 28D; 

vuch'iabil 'bcim 26. 28D. 

'ech' Ho'tik 'u'un 2B; Ho'tik [rainy season] 

2B. 14. 

tak'in 26B. 

'ip tza 16C; tz'ib 'olonton [have a heart of 

writing] 14B6, 16C; p'ij 'olonton [clever 

heart] 14B6,16C. 

be wise: 'utz 'olonton [good heart] 14B6, 

16C. 

wish 

witch 

witchcraft 

with 

withdraw 

withdrawn 

wither 

withered 

without 

witness 

witty 

woman 

womb 

wonder 

wood 

woodborer 

woodcarver 

woodcutter 

woods 

woof 

wool 

wise man who discourses at length: jtzaiej-

'olonton [heart inventor] U, 14B6,16C. 

wise man who discovers new designs and 

inventions: jtz'ib-'olontonil [heart writer] 

14B6,16C. 

wise man who takes good measures: jtzainom 16C; jtzaivanej 16C, 

wise person: j'a'ivanej 16C; jtzainom 16C; 

jna'vanej 16C. 

not wish: mo tak' 17. 

jk'oplayvanej 34, 35F; jpoxil 34, 35F; 

jpoxtayej 34, 35F. 

vayajel 35F. 

chi'iluk 12; chi'uk 12; ta 12. 

batat 9A1, lOD; batbat 9A1, lOD; jak 9A1, 

lOD; lUc 9A1, lOD; yanij 9A1, lOD. 

withdrawn person: ch'anabal vinik 16L. 

tzukib 33; matz'ub 33; takij 33. 

(plant or reed): 'akanij 5. 

matz'al 33. 

manchuk SG; •maxa 12. 

'iloj 20A; 'ilolaj 20A; j'ilojel 20A; j'Uolajel 

20A; testigo 15A2. 20A. 

testify as a witness: pas ba la j'Uojel 20A; 

pas ba ta testigo 15A2. 20A. 

witness' testimony: k'op j'ilojel 20A; k'op 

testigo 15A2, 20A. 

witty person: j'utzil lo'lo k'op 16B, 32; 

jlo'lo-k'op 16B, 32; jmuU lo'lo k'op 16B. 

32. 

'antz ISC. 

barren woman: xinch'okU 'antz [mascuUne 

woman] 14. ISC. 

manly woman: xinch'ok 'olonton 'antz 

[woman with a man's heart] 14.18C. 

old woman: me'el ISC, ISE. 

woman in ffrst labor: j'alal-'antz 18A, 18C. 

woman who has given birth: 'aUiom 18A, 

18C. 

'alajebal 7A1. ISA. ISC. 

wonder at 'elavaj U. 

te'5. 

green wood: yaxal si' 5; yaxal te' 5. 

hard wood: tzatzal te' 5; yijU te' 5. 

wood dust: joch' 5; joch' te' 5. 

joch' 6E. 

jjoch'-te' 30A. 

si'bU 27A. 

te'tUc 5. 

niovil 31 A. 

tux-nok' chij 6F. 

card wool: sivu tux-nok' chij 6F, 31 A. 

coarse wool: tzatzal tux-nok' chij 6F. 

merino wool: k'un tux-nok' chij 6F; k'unU 
NUMBER 31 481 

wool-comber 

woolly 

word 

wordy 

work 

tux-nok' chij 6F. 

sheep's wool: tzotzil chij 6F; tzotzU tux-nok' 

chij 6F. 

jjal tux-nok' chijU pok' 3IB; jjalom 31B. 

tzotzil SE; potzil SE. 

k'op 13A. 

break one's word: pak*tay 13A, 16N. 

brief words: t*abeltUdl k*op 13A. 

carry out one's word: na' k'op [remember 

one's word] 13A, MJ, 16D; pas te k'op 

13A, 16D. 

certain word: batz'i k'op 13 A. 

enigmatic words: lut'Uanbil k'op [basted 

words] 13A, MJ, 

historic words: vokolU k'op 2, 13A, 

keep one's word: k'ot ta k'op 13A, 16D. 

make a muddle of reasoning or words: 

tamtetamte-k'opoj 13A, 16L. 

make a muddle of words: lut'lut'-k'opoj 

13A, 16L. 

person who speaks empty words: j'epal-k'op 

13A, 16N; cha'-ti'U vinUc [he of two 

mouths or lips] 13A, 14B5, MJ, 16N; 

jlabal-k'op 13A, 16N. 

tme word: batz'i k'op 13A, 16D. 

try to discover tiie fruth by using deceitful 

words: jotz'-k'optay 13A, 16D, 16N. 

word game: kolo' k'op 32; lo'il 32; maxU 

[monkeyness] MAI, 32. 

word of God: ch'uul k'op 35C, 

pom 13 A. 

'abtej 27D; 'abtejel 27D; 'abtel 27D; 'abtelan 

27D; pasben 27D; patan 27D. 

absent from work: ch'ayal 27D; p'evel 27D. 

be absent from work: ch'ay 27D; p'ev 27D. 

be absolved from work: ch'ay patan 27D. 

ease work: yamaj 'abtel 'u'un 27D. 

exempt from work: ch'aybU 'abtel 27D; 

ch'aybU ta 'abtel 27D. 

give work to: 'abtejes IOC, 27D; patnejes 

IOC, 27D. 

have a lot of work: 'ep patan 27D. 

have work: 'oy patan 27D. 

make work: 'ak' patan 27D. 

mix many works: 'ilel 'ilel 'abtel [appearance of work] MI, 27D; 'ilel 'ilel tza 

[appearance of inteUigence] 141, 27D; 

'ilel 'ilel pasnej [appearance of deeds] 

MI, 27D. 

one day's work: jun k'ak'al patan 12, 27D. 

person absent from work: jp'evel 27D. 

rough work: nakatik 'abtelanel 27D; nakatik 

pasel 27D. 

time-consuming work: jok'tzajel 'abtel 2, 

worker 

workmanship 

world 

worldly 

worm 

wormeaten 

worn 

worse 

worship 

worthily 

worthy 

wound 

27D; natU 'abtel 2, 27D; natU ch'en 2, 

27D. 

work clothes: 'abtejeb k'u'ul 27D, 31C. 

work done: pasnej 27D. 

j'abtel 27D; jpatan 27D. 

'abtelanel 27D; pasel 27D. 

poor workmanship: mo 'utzuk 'abtelanel 

16L, 27D; mo 'utzuk pasel 16L, 27D. 

balumil IB; balumilal IB; kotol 'osil IB. 

balumilal 16R 

worldly person: jjalal 'U balumilal 16R 

lukum 6E. 

worm infesting meat, cheese, ete.: xuvit 6E, 

23A2. 

joch' 6E, lOE. 

become wormeaten: joch'ib 6E, lOE; joch'in 

6E, lOE. 

(old cloth): naka 'ak'U lOE, 3ID. 

be worn out: bik'taj lOE. 

be worn out (person): bik'taj 33. 

grow worn (in sickness): nipaj 33. 

worn out: lajem lOE. 

toj kolo' tuk 16L. 

be worse: jelav 'ipal kola'al 16L; jelav ta 

kola'al 16L. 

get worse (sickness): 'ipal-kola'aj 33. 

grow worse: kola'aj batel 16L. 

ch'uul-k'opoj 35C; ch'uul-k'opon 35C; ch'uun 

35C; jel-k'opon 35C; xi' 35C. 

worship idols: k'opon vinik ton 35F. 

'oy be [it has a patii] 14, 16A; koj 'oy 16A; 

tojol 'oy 16A. 

jaka jol 16A; jol 16A. 

be worthy: 'ep tojol 16A; 'ip jalal 16A; tojol 

'oy 16 A. 

worthy person: 'utzU vinik 16A; jalal vinUc 

16A; tojol vinik 16A. 

jav 'u'un 21C; javes 21C; majbenal 21C, 33; 

maj 21C; majvan 21C; Hot 21C, 33; Hot 

'u'un 21C; Hotes 21C; Hotol 21C, 33. 

(given with rod or rope): jipben 21C, 33. 

(received from rod or rope): jipbenal 21C, 

33. 

(witii a lance): xen 21E, 21E2, 33. 

lance wound tiiat one gives: xenben 2IE, 

21E2, 33. 

lance wound that one suffers: xenbenal 21E, 

21E2, 33. 

person whom one wounds: majben 21C, 33. 

proud flesh of wound: t'uy 33. 

wound with a rod: jip la majel ta te' 21C, 

21E. 

wound with a rope: jip ta majel ta ch'ojon 

21C,21E. 
482 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

wounded 

woven 

wrap 

wrapped 

wrestle 

wretehed 

wretchedness 

wriggle 

wrinkle 

wrinkled 

wrist 

write 

writer 

writing 

wrong 

yard (1) 

yard (2) 

yarn 

wound with hoe or ax: boj ta majel 21C, 21E. 

lo'oltUc 33; majbentik 33; majbil 33; Hotbil 

33; Hotol 33. 

be wounded: Hot 33. 

be wounded (mentally): nuptan yaijel 33. 

jalbU 31A. 

balobU 9C; vol 9C; volobil 9C. 

wrapped up: balbil 9C. 

poch'i 20A, 32B; poch'i ba 20A, 32B. 

'abol ba 16J, 16L, 21D; 'ulz"utz' ba 16J. 

16L, 21D; k'uxob 'olal ba 16J. 16L. 21D; 

ma'-ch'ulel 16J. 16L, 21D. 

be wretched: mo 'oyiUc ch'ulel 16J. 16L, 

21D. 

k'uxob 'olal ba 16J. 16L. 21D. 

nik 9F; nikes 9F. 

tzu'ib 7C. 

(clothing): vol ba 31. 31 A. 

(in the face): tzu' 7C. 

tzu'ul 7C; tzu'uUk 7C; puxuxtik 7C; volilanbU 7C. 

become wrinkled: nukulib 7E. 

wrinkled in many places: tzu'utUc 7C. 

wrinkled old man: tzu'utik sat mool 7C. 18E. 

nuk' k'obU [hand or arm neck] 7A. MB. 

tz'ibaj UA; tz'ibay 11 A. 

writer who writes about metals: jtz'ibaytak'inllA,29. 

writer who writes about people: jtz'ibayvinUc UA. 

tz'ib UA. 

line of writing: j-chol tz'ib UA. 

mo tojoluk pasbey 16L. 

p'is 12; vara 12. 15A3. 

'amak' 28D1; 'amak'U 28D1; 'ol 'amak' 

28D1. 

baU of yarn: j-pis no 31 A; pispis no 31 A; 

yawn 

year 

yeast 

yeUow 

yes 

yesterday 

yet 

yoke 

yonder 

you 

young 

yours 

youth 

Zacatlan 

Zinacantan 

volvol no 31 A, 

Hayubaj 7F; Hayubajel 7F, 

'abU 2B, 12, 

a year from now: jun 'ab 2B, 12. 

future year: 'ab 2B, 12, 

last year (or) a year ago: jun 'abi 2B, 12. 

past year: 'abi 2B, 12. 

tills year: Ha Ii' 'abile 2B, 12. 

two years ago: cha'-abi 2B, 12A. 

two years from now: cha'-'ab 2B, 12A. 

pajubesabil vaj 23A. 

k'onk'on SFl. 

grow yeUow: k'anub SFl, 

make yellow: k'anubes SFl; k'anubtas SFl, 

yeUow fat (as the fat of ground chickens): 

k'an-balan SFl, 

Ha' 36. 

voljey 2B. 

talel 2, 

chukob vacas 15A11, 25B; chukobU vacas 

15A11,25B. 

(for oxen): yugo 15A11. 25B, 

(oxen): choj 25B. 

two yokes of oxen: cha'-choj vacas 15A9, 

25B. 

lum toe 4; lume 4; lumlume 4. 

by or for you: 'u'un lOB. 

bUc'tal ISB. 

(grow young): kelmay ISB; k'ak'al-kelmay 

18B. 

'u'un lOB; Ho'ot 'u'un lOB; Ho'ot lekoj 

lOB; Ho'ot ta tojol lOB. 

kelem ISB; keUnal 18B. 

z 

(Ciudad Real): Jobel 19. 

'Ik'al 'Ojov [black lord] 14D4.19; Sotz' Leb 

[bat net] MA, 19. 
English-Tzotzil Thesaurus 

Outline 

1. World 

A. Afr, climate, sky, heavenly bodies 

B. Eartii, rock, mountains, valleys, caves. See also dirt 

22E1, personal hygiene 7G, and jewels 29, 

C. Water, rain, springs, and bodies of water 

D. Ffre, lighming, torch 

2. Time 

A, Day and night See also sky lA, 

B, Days, montiis, years, seasons 

C, Speed and slowness 

3, Shape and form 

4, Existence, location, position 

5, Plants, frees, vines 

A. Wild plants, frees, vines 

B. Cultivated plants, frees, vines 

6. Animals 

A. Mammals 

1. Wild mammals 

2. Domestic mammals 

B. Bfrds 

1. Wild bfrds 

2. Domestic bfrds 

C. Amphibians and reptUes 

D. Fish, cmstaceans, sheUfish 

E. Insects and spiders 

F. Body parts 

G. Actions 

7, Humans 

A, Body parts. See also movement 9, 

1, Internal organs 

B, Bodily fluids and excretions 

C, Physical characteristics and states. See also ailments 

33, 

D, Postifre and position. See also shape 3. 

E, Bodily activities 

1. Manual dexterity 

F, Sleep and wakefulness 

G, Personal hygiene. See also dirt 22E1 and earth IB. 

8. Perceptions and sensations 

A, Heat 

B, Humidity 

C, Sound and hearing 

1. Human and animal sound 

D, Taste and odor 

E, Touch 

F, Sight 

1, Color 

G. Similarity 

9, Movement 

A, Locomotion, fransportation. fravel 

1, By land and afr. See also agricultural tools 28B, 

2. By water 

B. Put. place. pUe, carry, send, tiirow 

C. Wrap, tie. hide, cover, close and open, biuy 

D, I*ress, push, puU 

E, Insert and fiU 

F. Twist, turn and shake 

10, Creation, acquisition, maintenance, ownership, destination, and loss 

A. Make, repafr, and rescue. See also housekeeping 22E 

and clotiiing repafr 31 A. 

B. Find, receive, take, pick, keep, own 

C. Give 

D. Lose, discard, remove, escape. See also put. place. 

ete., 9B. 

E. Damage, desfroy, cut, tear, crack, untie 

U. Thought processes, education, learning and knowledge 

A. Literacy 

12. Matiiematical concepts, quantities, size, distance, age. See 

also shape 3, simUarity 8G. 

A. Noun classifiers 

13. Speech 

A. Varieties of speech, expletives. See also anger 16H, 

insult 16K, lie 16N. 

B. Summon, request, command, propose. See also beUef, 

practices, and sacraments 35C. 

14. Metaphoric speech 

A. Animals 

1. Monkey 

2. Dog 

B. Body parts and excrement 

1. Head and skuU 

2. Face and eyes 

3. Ears 

4. Nose 

5. Moutii, lips, teeth, throat, tongue, and breath 

6. Heart 

7. Soul 

8. Back, tail, butt 

9. Penis 

483 
484 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

10. Limbs and bones 

U. Flesh and blood 

12. Excrement 

C. Sensations and perceptions. See also heart 14B6 and 

world ME, 

D. Color 

1, Red 

2, Blue, green, and gray 

3, Yellow 

4, Black 

5, White 

E. Time, weather, sky, season, world, land 

F. Size 

1. Big 

2. Small 

G. Hot and cold 

H. Kin terms 

I. Vision 

J. Speech 

15. Loan words 

A. Spanish 

1. Religion 

2. Political, judicial, commercial, Uterary 

3. Day, month, season, measures, currency 

4. Cloth, clothing, jewelry 

5. Fm-niture and household utensUs 

6. Musical instmments, games, and toys 

7. Weapons and ships 

8. Constiiiction, architecture 

9. Animals, animal husbandry, animal products 

10. Plants, food and drink derived from plants 

U. Agricultural tools 

B. Nahuati 

C. Yucatec 

D. Proto-Mixe-Zoque 

16. Emotion, values, concepts of human natiu-e 

A. Goodness, virtue, charity 

B. Happiness 

C. InteUigence, experience, pmdence, merit, luck, success, excellence, dUigence. eagerness, determination 

D. Love, affection, friendship, respect, tmst. tmtii, 

companionship 

E. Sfrengtii, courage, authority. See also civU affafrs and 

social status 20. 

F. Obedience, humUily, politeness 

G. Peacefulness, patience, calm 

H. Anger, hafred, enmity, disapproval, jealousy 

I. Cmelty, hardness of heart 

J. Anxiety, sorrow, suffering, fear, cowardice 

K. Impatience, stubbornness, discourtesy, insult, disobedience, rebelliousness 

L. Foolishness, clumsiness, impmdence. failure, misfortune 

M. Shame, embarrassment. guUt 

N. Role-playing, imitation, secrecy, deceit 

O. Negligence, laziness, greed 

P. Evil, sinfulness 

Q. Pride, arrogance, conceit, aggressiveness 

R. Beauty and ugliness 

17. Fate, causality, free wUl, preference. See also luck 16C, 

misfortune 16L, sports 32B, witehcraft 35F. 

18. Life cycle and family 

A. Birth 

B. ChUdhood and maturity. See also kin terms 18F. 

C. Sex, sexual discrimination. beUefs, practices 

D. Marriage 

E. Old age, death, wUls, inheritance 

F. Kin terms, genealogy. See also birth ISA and 

marriage 18D, 

19. Towns, inhabitants, land and land tenure 

A. Residence and hospitality 

B. Land and land tenure 

20. CivU affairs and social status 

A. Disputes and dispute settiements. See also warfare 

21E. 

21. Social problems and conditions 

A. Crime, danger. See also warfare 21E. 

B. Family disintegration, depopulation 

C. Physical violence and punishment See also warfare 

21E. 

D. Poverty and wastefulness 

E. RebeUion, warfare, and defense 

1. Army, navy 

2. Arms, armor, and miUtary frappings. See also 

military buildings 2SC3. 

22. Household 

A. Master and servant 

B. Furniture 

C. Containers, utensils, supplies 

D. Bedding, linens, and frappings 

E. Housekeeping 

1. Dfrt 

23. Food and Drink 

A. Food 

1. Grain, vegetable, fruit 

2. Animal products 

3. Food preparation 

4. Eating habits 

B. Drink and drunkenness 

24. Hunting, frapping, fishing 

25. Animal husbandry and fransportation 

A. Workers 

B. Tools and vehicles 

26. Agriculture 

A. Workers 

B. Tools. See also constmction tools 28B. 

27. Commercial activity and economic status 
NUMBER 31 485 

A. Merchants and frades people 31. 

B. Value 

C. Currency 

D. Labor and tribute 

28. Constmction 

A. Workers 

B. Tools 

C. Biuldings 

1. BuUdings for animals 

2. BuUdings for industry, commerce, food production 

3. PubUc and miUtary buildings 

D. Parts of buUdings 

1. WaUs, fences, outdoor enclostu-es 

E. PubUc works 

29. Jewels, precious stones, metals, and mining. See also 

animal husbandry 25. 

A. Blacksmiths and jewelers 

30. Arts and artisanry 

A. Artists and artisans. See also constmction workers 

28A, blacksmiths and jewelers 29A, taUors and 36. 

tanners 3IB. 

32. 

33. 

34. 

35. 

Clothing and adornment 

A. Manufacture and repafr, leatherwork, dyes, tools 

B. Tailors and tanners 

C. Pieces of clothing. See also armor 21E2. 

D. Cloth and clothing parts 

E. Adornment and grooming 

Amusements 

A. Music and dance 

1. Instmments 

B. Sports and toys 

Ailments and abnormaUties 

Health, recovery, and medicine 

ReUgion 

A. CathoUc officials and laity 

B. Church and religious articles 

C. Belief, practices, and sacraments 

D. Deities and saints 

E. Fiestas 

F. Native reUgion and witehcraft. disbeUef and blasphemy 

Sundries 

Thesaurus 

1. World 

l.A. Afr, climate, sky, heavenly bodies 

air 

afring 

blow 

breath 

breathe 

breeze 

bubble 

calm 

clear 

'ak' majey 'ik', 'ik'. 

take an airing: majey, majey lum. 

Hupan. 

(beUows): Hub, Hubvan, 

blow off (dust): vuch'. 

blow on (food to cool it, head wound or 

tumor to cure it): vuch'i. 

blow on ffre: Hub, Hub k'ok'. 

blow through (reed, blowgun): Hupan. 

'Uc'al, Hobil. 

bad breatii: tu ti', tuU ti'. 

•'e'et, •'e'onet •'i'et, •'i'onet 

breathe in smoke or perfume: tas 'Uc*. 

refreshing breeze: k'un-yaman 'ik'. 

sea breeze: 'Uc'al nab, nab 'Uc'. 

bubble up: bulbon. 

(wind): ch'anol. 

(without wind): ch'an chi 'osil, laaet 'osil. 

become calm and clear (weather): k'ep 'osil. 

k'epel. 

(sky): sakub 'osU, 

clear or fafr weatiien k'epel 'osil. 

cUmate 

cloud 

comet 

cool 

coolness 

dried 

drought 

dry 

eclipse 

expose 

fiUup 

fish pond 

gloomy 

inflate 

inhale 

light 

meteor 

have sky clear: jam 'osil. 

'osil. 

mild cUmate: laan 'osil. 

temperate cUmate: laan. 

with a mild cUmate: laan k'epel. 

cloud over: 'Uc'-pultay osU ta tok. 

fiery comet xojob k'ak'al. 

cool off (weatiier): k'un-sUcub 'osU. 

refreshing coolness as in tiie lowlands: 

k'un-yaman sik. 

takijesbil. 

takijel, takijel 'osil. 

have a drought va'i k'ak'al. 

k'epel, takin. 

have eclipse of the moon: 'ik'ub •u, cham 'u. 

have eclipse of the sun: 'ik'ub k'ak'al, cham 

k'ak'al. 

expose to the night air: 'ak' 'a'i sUcil ak'abal. 

fiU up by blowing: nojes ta Hupanel. 

junejeb choy. 

'ik'-pulan. 

Hupan. 

tas 'Uc'. 

(sky): sak-pulan, sak-pulantUc. 

tzo' k'anal, yolob vitz. 
486 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

night 

rainbow 

refresh 

refreshed 

roar 

meteorite tzo' k'anal, yolob vitz. 

moon 'u. 

be full (moon): kol ta 'ok'el, noj, yijub. 

half moon: jovjov 'u, po'ot 'u. 

have new moon appear: nach' 'u. 

new moon: 'ach' 'u. 

waning of moon: bUc'tajel 'u, bik'tal 'u, 

komojel 'u, komol 'u. 

expose to the night afr: 'ak' 'a'i 'ik'al 

'ak'abal. 

me' k'inabal. 

laanej 'osil, sUcubes. 

be refreshed: k'un-sUcub, sUcub. 

be refreshed by: laanej 'u'un. 

(ffre, haU, rain, turbulent river or ocean, 

wind, large flute): 'omet 

(heavy rain, river, voices of many people, 

wind): t'inet. 

(river, wind): jinet. 

keov, keovtUc, mak 'osU. 

shady place: nak'abUtik. 

(from wind): mak. 

shine through: 'och xojobil yo' 'oy. 

shine tiirough (thin clotii): 'och xojob yo' 

'oy. 

k'ak'altUcil. 

sound softly (wind, breeze): •jachet, •jupet. 

(sunbeam through a crack in the wall, stars): 

'itz'lajet 'osil. 

(as the ground, fresh tile or green wood does 

in the sun): tzUc', t'aj. 

k'anal. 

become stirred up (water by wind or storm): 

nUc, pumlajet 

be stormy: tinet 'Uc', tinet Ho', 

become sfrong (sun, rain, wind, chUd): 'ipaj. 

k'ak'al. 

xojob, xojobil k'ak'al. 

'avan 'osil, 'avan chauk, 'ov chaiUc, j'oxlajun Ha'al chon, bak'laj, bak'lajet, bak'luj, 

bak'lujel. tzanluj, tzanlujel, chauk, jinet, 

jinet 'osil, jinetel, jinetel 'osil, jininet 

'osU, jjun Ha'al chon, liklajet. loklaj 

chauk, loklajet, t'ininet 'osU. 

water have water stirred up by storm or wind: balet 

nojel, vokan. 

weather 'osil. 

have weatiier improve: 'utzib 'osU. 

whirlwind 'ipal 'ik', 'ipal Ho', sutum 'ik'. 

wind 'Uc'. 

east wind: 'ak'ol 'ik', k'ak'aUl 'Uc'. 

light wind: k'unil 'Uc'. 

pestilential wind: 'ipal chamelal 'Uc'. 

west wind: 'olon 'Uc'. 

shade 

shady 

shelter 

shine 

solar 

sound 

sparkle 

split 

star 

stirred 

stormy 

sfrong 

sun 

sunbeam 

thunder 

windstorm 'ipal 'Uc'. 

LB. Earth, rock, mountains, valleys, caves. See also dfrt 

22E1, personal hygiene 7G, jewels 29. 

abyss 

alabaster 

barren 

black 

bog 

boulder 

breach 

buried 

burrow 

bury 

cave 

cavern 

chip 

cUff 

clod 

column 

continent 

corner 

crack 

craggy 

crash 

deep 

depression 

descent 

desert 

dfrt 

dust 

dusty 

earth 

faU 

flat 

lajeb 'olon. lajeb 'ut. 

xokom. 

(abyss): toj te'. 

(abyss): 'Uc'-'oman, 'ik'-pulan. 

(abyss, backwater): 'Uc'-'otz'tay, 'ik'-loman. 

'ach'eltUc. 

expanse of boulders: •chaj tontUc. 

ch'ojoUl tenam ton. 

but'ibU ta lum, but'ibil la lumtUc, but'ijesbil, 

but'ul. 

buried object but'iej, but'oj. 

ch'en, na. 

but' ta lum. 

xojob cli'en, xojxoj ch'en. 

(hole in rock): 'ok'och. 

stone chip: 'anben ton, ch'uch'ul ton. 

tz'i'lel ch'en. sak-bajan ch'en. va'al ch'en, 

•vekel ch'en. 

expanse of cUffs: •chaj tontUc. 

volvol lum. 

marble column: chikin bax. 

stone column: chikin ton. 

stone column or pUlar: 'oy tonal. 

batz'i balumil, batz'i lum, lajel bat. 

form a point or corner (cUff): tz'e'p'uj. 

go by a cUff that forms a point or corner: 

tz'e'el batel. 

(as eartii, fresh tUe or wood cracks in the 

sun): jal. 

crack open (ground): 'ap'. 

craggy area: va'al ch'en. 

(faUing rocks): p'ajlajet 

(ravine, valley): nat 

chaklej. 

form a depression or hollow: chaktzaj. 

with a depression or hollow (land): chakchak. 

gradual descent: nelel, nellej vitz. 

gradual descent (patii): nelel batel. 

'ol 'osil. 

nokoxil. 

pukuk. 

dust of ground rock or brick: juxbenal. 

'ip pukuk, laal pukuk, naka pukuk. 

become dusty: pukukib. 

black earth: 'ik'al lum. 

fuller's earth: sakil lum. 

faU off a cliff: ch'ay ta ch'en, yal ta ch'en. 

tenel. tenten. 
NUMBER 31 487 

flat and freeless: pUc'pUc', pUc'pUc' 'osU. 

flat field: pUc'pik' tenlej. 

flint suy, suy ton. 

black flint (with which they make razor 

blades): to. 

flinty sharp flinty place: suy tontik. 

foot foot of mountain: 'ibel vitz. 

gopher gopher mound: bus ba. 

gorge with gorges: •Hopol. 

gravel bik'tal ton. 

graveUy graveUy place: pitavul tontik, tontik. 

ground balumilal. 

(not sky): balumil. 

hard ground: •chaj tontik. 

hand-barrow (for mud. rocks, lime): k'echob . 

harden (bread, mud): tzatzub. tonib. 

hew (stone): 'an ton, 

hiU vitz, 

brow of a hUl: jobeltUc. toyol tenlej. 

hilltop ba vitz. 

hurl hurl off a cUff: ch'ay ta ch'en 'u'un. 

hurl oneself off a cliff: yalp'un ba, yokin ba. 

hurl person off a cUff: yalp'un ta ch'en, yokin 

ta ch'en. 

island joybil la nab 'osU, joybil ta nab j-tek lum, 

joybil ta nab lum. 

jump jump over (guUeys, ravines, wood. logs): 

lut'lon. lut'lonet. 

land lum. 

flat land: tenlej. tenlej 'osil. 

green land: yax-lum. yaxal lum. 

land distribution (as the Spaniards of tiiis 

land have repartimientos): vinkilel. 

measure land: p'is lum, vok' lum. 

narrow plot of land: bUc'it lum, mo muk'uk 

popol, yubul 'osU. 

level become level (cleared field): pach'tzaj. 

become level (valley): lok'tzaj. 

leveled be leveled: 'och nivel 'u'un. 

lime tan. 

lime pit: chik'ob tan, chik'obil tan. 

lowlands in the lowlands: ta 'olon 'osU. 

lye 'anel Ho', 

marble bax. 

mark (wood or stone for cutting or sawing): 

'eteltas, joch', Jul. 

mire 'ach'eltik. tz'antzajeb 'ach'el, ch'ay ta 'ach'el, 

mul la 'ach'el. 

mountain vitz. 

mountain chain: vitz. 

moimtain dweUer: ba-vitzil vinik. 

mountain pass: pajal vitz, tojol vitz, vitz. 

mountain ridge: ba-vitzU 'osil, ba-vitzil lum. 

mountainous fmit native to mountainous region: ba-vitzU 

mountain top 

mud 

muddied 

muddiness 

muddy 

mudhole 

narrow 

nature 

ochre 

pass 

pebble 

pebbly 

pit 

piteh 

plain 

plot 

powder 

prop 

protmding 

quarry 

ravine 

rock 

rocky 

lo'bol. 

region: ba-vitzU 'osil, ba-vilzil lum. 

free native to mountainous region: ba-vitzil 

te'. 

ba vitz. 

approach over mountain top: ba vitz talel. 

ascend moimtain lop: ba-betzaj, ba-vitzaj. 

departure over mountain top: ba vitz batel. 

moment before completing ascent of mountain top: ba-betzajebal. 

on the mountain top: la jol ba vitz, ta jol vitz. 

'ach'el. 

balbU ta 'ach'el. 

be muddied: 'atin 'ach'el, baley ta 'ach'el. 

tatal, tatubel. 

'atintas ta 'ach'el, bal ta 'ach'el, tatubes, tot 

be muddy: bal la 'ach'el. 

become muddoy: tatub. 

'ach'eltUc. 

(plot of land between cliffs): lotz'ol. 

(region witii many ravines): lotz'ol. 

(vaUey): lotz'ol. 

talel 'osU. 

red ochre: •xuko. 

mountain pass: 'akan vitz, 

xixib ton. 

'ip xixib ton. 

pebbly place: xixib tontik. 

rough pebbly place: xixib tontik. 

deep pit in the hills: xa'ab. 

'ik'al ton, bon, bonobil, kap. 

jobeltik, lomlej, tenav, tenlej, lenlejU. 

form a plain in a hiUy region: lomtzaj. 

plot of land: lum. 

(of ground dried material): p'up'. 

(of sawed material): p'up'benal. 

prop up by putting stick or stone underneath: 

xoney. 

(adobes or stones in Ul-made wall): bet'et'ik. 

'anob tontik, jok'ob ton, lok'eb ton, lok'esab 

ton, vinajeb ton. 

deep ravine: natU ch'en. 

rocky ravine: tonil. 

with many ravines: laal •HopoUl, •HopHoplUc. 

ton. 

blackened rock: 'ik'al ton. 

hard rock: tzatzal ton. 

pointed end of a rock: ni' ton. 

rock in the ocean: •vekel ch'en ta nab, Ha'al 

ch'en. 

round rock: volvol ton. 

'ip ton. 

rocky place: tontUc, tontikil 'osil. 
488 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

row 

mb 

salt 

saltpeter 

sand 

sandstone 

sandy 

settie 

sink 

sUppery 

slope 

sound 

split 

stepping 

stone 

stony 

stumble 

sulphur 

sunken 

sharp rocky place: ch'ix-tontik. 

(of stones, or adobe or anytiiing laid on top 

of each other): j-kajal. 

mb together (bricks, rocks): jux, juxilan. 

mb together (two bricks): jos. 

'atz'am, 'atz'mel. 'atz'meltas. 

black salt: 'Uc'al 'atz'am. 

grain of salt sat 'atz'am. 

hard salt: ton 'atz'am. 

salt deposit (on bottom of pot for making 

salt): tz'ujlemal 'atz'am. 

salt well: 'atz'am, ni-nab 'atz'am. 

white salt: sakil 'atz'am. 

'atz'am, 'atz'am lum, 'atz'am ton, •kichin 

lum, •kichin ton. 

saltpeter bed: •kichin 'osU. 

grain of sand: sat yi'. 

yi' ton. yi'al ton. 

naka yi'. naka yi'tik, yi'tik. 

sandy place: yi'tUc. 

(ground): lom, lomtzaj. 

make (ground) settie: lomtz'in. 

(ground underfcx)t, basket ete.): lomomet 

(ground when stepped on or tmnk or basket, 

or other soft object when sat upon.):. 

(ground when stepped on or tmnk or basket, 

or other soft object when sat upon): lom, 

lomtzaj, potz'et, putz'et. 

(water into ground): 'ul. 

sUppery place: biUl 'osil, ch'uM *osU, 

jach'ebal, tUch'ujebal. 

very slippery: 'ip biUlul. 

downhUl slope: yalebal batel. 

lower slopes: 'akan vitz, nellej vitz. 

mountain slope: paych'ujeb vitz, paych'ujel. 

sound of earth falUng from a height: jaxet. 

(as the ground, fresh tile or green wood does 

in the sun): tzik'. 

stepping stone: 'ech'eb 'uk'um. 

ten, tenobaj, tenvan, ton. 

corner of a stone: xuk'av ton. 

lay stones: ch'uban, ch'ubay. 

lay stones (as do the officials): ch'ubaj. 

throw (stone): ten. 

throw of a stone: ten. 

throw stones: tenobaj. 

franslucent stone: chak-xojan ton. 

'ip ton. 

stumble over dirt: tz'ukulin lum. 

lum ch'ameb k'ok', lum nop'eb k'ok', 

nop'eb k'ok', ton ch'ameb k'ok'. 

(ground): pulultUc. 

(ground, vaUeys, house floor where there are 

depressions): pulpul. 

touch 

frack 

trip 

underground 

vaUey 

view 

waUow 

waUowing 

wash 

wasteland 

white 

wilderness 

world 

sUghtiy sunken (vaUeys): lomlom. 

touch each other (sticks, stones, etc.): tij ba. 

touch with stick, stone or anything other tiian 

hands: tij. 

frack left by stone tiiat has been pushed: be 

ton. 

trip on a rock: tz'iUcuUn ton. 

put underground: but' ta lum, but'i, but'i 

j-tz'uj ta lum, but'ijes ta lumtik, ch'Uc ta 

lum, k'al la lum, muk, muk ta lum, muk 

la lumtik, mukbil ta lumtUc, mukul ta 

lumtik. 

become a vaUey: •Hopan. 

large vaUey: tenlej. •Hoplej. 

shaUow valley: lomlej. 

vaUey sunken in the middle: pullej. 

witii many valleys: •HopHoptUc. 

with valleys: •Hopol. 

(from the house or the window): vinajeb 

'osU, 

have a view (from the house or the window): 

vinaj 'osil yo' 'oy. 

balaUj. balalijebal. balan ba ta 'ach'el, 

balch'un ba, balch'un ba ta 'ach'el, ch'ay 

ta 'ach'el, mul ta 'ach'el. 

mulel. 

waUowing in mud: ch'ayel. 

wash off (ashes from corn, mud from one's 

knees): sap, sapulan. 

freeless wasteland: mo 'oyuk te' yo' 'oy, 

naka jobeltik. 

uninhabited wasteland: xokol 'osU. 

appear white as a cliff or churches in the 

distance: sak-jalan, sak-kepan. sak-tUc'an. 

uninhabited wUderness: 'ol 'osil. 

balumil, balumUal, kotol 'osil. 

I.e. Water, rain, springs, and bodies of water 

absorb 

absorbed 

backwater 

batii 

beach 

black 

blot 

boil 

breeze 

brine 

brook 

'ul. 

be absorbed: 'ul. 

be absorbed (as when rain is absorbed into 

the ground): 'uch', 'uch'U. 

nab. 

bath water: 'atimol. 

ti' muk'ta nab, ti' nab. 

(abyss, backwater): 'ik'-'otz'tay, 'Uc'-loman. 

(backwater): 'ik'-t'uban. 

'uiey. 

vokan. 

boiUng: k'ok', toj k'ok'. 

sea breeze: 'Uc'al nab. nab 'Uc'. 

'atz'amU Ho'. 

bik'tal Ho'. 
NUMBER 31 489 

bubble 

bucket 

clear 

cloud 

cloud-covered 

cloudy 

cool 

dammed 

dark 

decrease 

deep 

detained 

dew 

dewy 

diluted 

diteh 

divine 

drain 

drained 

drip 

drizzle 

drop 

drown 

drowning 

fiU 

fishpond 

flood 

flooded 

flow 

foam 

fog 

foggy 

fork 

fountain 

bubble up: bulbon. 

water bucket: Ukobil Ho'. 

water bucket or jug: likob Ho*. 

clear and without sediment: pokbil. t'ujum. 

tok. 

cloud oven •Uc'-pultay, tz'i'lej ta tok. lik 

tok. naka tok 'ayan. nupij tok, taot ta tok, 

rain cloud: tatal tok. 

storm cloud: chaukil tok. 

be cloud-covered: tok 'a'i. 

'ik'-pulan 'osil ta tok, makal *osU, toktik, 

cool water: k'un-yaman sikU Ho', 

be dammed up: komtzaj. liktzaj. naktzaj. 

grow dark (sky): 'ik'-pultay. 

have sky grow dark: 'ik'-pultay 'osil. 

(water): bUc'taj. 

(water): nab, toj nab, toj nat 

be detained as by rain or a full river: maktzaj. 

'ov 'ak'abal. tz'ujul. 

(on plants or frees): tz'ujubal. 

have dew fall: k'un-vilz'et Ho', 

night dew: 'ik' 'ak'abal, 'ik'al 'ak'abal. 

tz'ujultUc. 

'oy kap. 

(wine): kapbil ta Ho', 

drainage diteh: be Ho', •sapav be Ho', 

divine in water: k'inij ta Ho', 

drain off: 'ules. 

be drained: takij, 

be drained off (sfrength, water): 'ul. 

vijet 

vitz' k'inabal, vitz'ub Ho', 

drizzle in a nor'easten yal 'ak'ol Ho', yal 

k'inabal, 

drop by drop: p'ajajtik, 

jUc'av. 

jUc*avel. 

fiU by sirUcing, as when they fiU the water 

jug by sinking it in the waten pul. 

ch'ivitajeb choy, lekbU, 

'ipal Ho', komel, 

flood widely: kom, 

tz'ajal ta Ho', chUc'U la Ho', 

be flooded: 'ach'elay, chik'ey, 

flow out without bubbles: lok', 

vok, vokan. 

foam of boUing waten tzo' k'ak'al Ho', vok 

k*ak*al Ho', 

balumil tok, tok. 

'ip tok, tz*anal lok, 

become foggy: yal tok. 

(river, road): k'ej ba, k'ejey. 

fork in a river: tz'akav 'uk'um. 

'av Ho^, lok'eb Ho'. 

freeze 

frost 

gloomy 

green 

gulf 

haU 

ice 

icicle 

irrigate 

irrigated 

jump 

lake 

low 

marine 

mist 

moat 

moderate 

ocean 

overflow 

pond 

puddle 

rain 

rainbow 

raincape 

raindrop 

rainstorm 

rainy 

refreshing 

reservofr 

river 

roar 

pat ba. 

'ob. 'ov. 

(sky): 'ik'-pulantik. 

dark green (backwater): yax-joman. 

ta 'o'lol nab. ta 'ut nab. 

bot. p'aj bot. yal bot. 

'ob, 'ov. 

patbU Ho' 'u'un taiv. taiv. 

form icicles: pas ba Ho' ta taiv. 

(cornfields in the dry season): 'ulbay. 

irrigate with water from a draw well: 

'et'esbey 'a'lel. 

'ulbaybU, 

land: 'ulbal 'osil, 'ulbaltUc, 

jump in the riven 'och ta 'uk'um. 

nab. 

(tide): 'ulul. 

ta nab 'ayan. 

balumil tok, tok. 

chuk'ob. 

(water or other cold material): laanejes. 

nab. 

deep ocean: natU nab, natU Ho'. 

mal, malemal. 

bUc'tal nab, tz'antzajeb Ho', tz'anleb Ho', 

Ho'. 

tz'anal Ho'. 

yal Ho', Ho'. 

constant rain: 'ip Ho', 'ipal Ho', toj 'ip Ho', 

constant rain for many days: •votol Ho', 

cool rain: sUc-Ho', 

rain with big drops: p'aj Ho', p'ajlajet Ho', 

use pahn leaf rain cover: 'axiban, 'axibin. 

me' k'inabal. 

(woven palm leaves they carry for when it 

rains): 'axibal. 

p'ajp'aj. 

'ipal Ho', 'omel. 

Ho'tUcil. 

rainy season, spring: bulbux. 

be refreshing (cold water): laaet 'uch'el. 

tz'antzajeb, tz'antzajeb Ho', tz'anleb Ho'. 

'uk'um. 

dangerous river: tz'i'lelal 'uk'um, xi'ebal 

'uk'um. 

deep river: nab, nab Ho', nat Ho', natil Ho', 

have river overflow: noj 'uk'um. 

sudden overflow of river: nojel 'uk'um. 

(fire, hail, rain, tifrbulent river or ocean): 

loklonet. 

(fire, haU. rain, turbulent river or ocean. 

wind, large flute): 'omet 

(heavy rain, river, voices of many people. 

wind): t'inet. 
490 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

(river, wind): jinet 

rock rock in the ocean: •vekel ch'en ta nab, Ha'al 

ch'en. 

rough be rough (water): pumlajet. 

salty salty waten chi'-Ho', chi'U Ho', 

sea high sea: 'o'lol nab. nab. nab Ho', nat Ho', 

rough sea: pumlajetel. 

sea storm: 'ipal pumlajetel nab. 

shaUow sea: komol nab. 

seacoast ti' muk'ta nab. ti' nab. 

sewer 'ocheb Ho', lok'eb 'a'lel. lok'eb Ho', 

sheller rain shelter: 'axinajebal. 

shelter from the rain: 'axintas. 

lake sheller from the rain: 'axinaj. 

sink 'ach', tz'ajey, mul, mul ta Ho', mul la Ho'tUc, 

t'ub ta Ho', 

(water into ground): 'ul. 

sluice 'ocheb 'a'lel, 'ocheb Ho', be 'a'lel, be-o'. 

snow yal Hob. 

soak tz'aj ta Ho', tz'ajan la Ho', 

sound (heavy rain): juet. 

sound of rainspouts: chojet, ch'itet, t'ojet. 

spring bulbux, bulinab, lok'eb, ni-nab Ho', ni-o'. 

xni-nab. 

place abounding in springs: bulbuxtik. nio'tik. 

rainy season spring: bulbuxtik. 

sprinkle vitz'. vitz' Ho'. 

(witii the hand or hyssop): vitz'es. 

stagnant become stagnant tz'antzaj, tz'antzayaj, 

tz'aney. 

steam sabtay, sob, sobet. 

(waU or clotii): ch'aUay. 

stirred become stirred up (water by wind or storm): 

nik. pumlajet 

Stormy be stormy: tinet Ho', 

sfrait bUc'tal nab. 

sfream bUc'tal 'uk'um, bUc'tal Ho'. 

Sfream bed dry sfreambed: taki-'uk'um, taki-tontik. 

sfrong become sfrong (sun, rain, wind, chUd): 'ipaj. 

submerge mules. 

(ship, canoe): mul ch'ay, pul ch'ay. 

sweating (glass): 'ach'el. 

tide low tide: 'ulel nab, komoluk, yalel nab. 

torrent 'ipal 'ok 'akan tontik, paych'ujeb Ho', 

underwater tzulul. 

be put underwaten tz'aj. 

put underwaten tzul ta Ho', tzulbil. tz'aj ta 

Ho', mul. mul ta Ho', mulbU, mulul. 

warm warm waten k'un k'ixin Ho', 

water ^a'al, 'ach'es, 'ak'bey 'a'iel, 'at'es, 'och 

'a'lel 'u'un, malatay. t'uxubtas. Ho', 

bank or edge of any body of water: ti' Ho', 

be put in water: tz'ajey. 

watered 

wave 

whirlpool 

calm water: tz'ananet xanav, tz'ananet Ho'. 

clear water: yox-o'. 

dammed up water: tz'anal Ho'. 

deep water: 'o'lol nab. 

draw water: lup Ho'. 

draw water from a weU: lik Ho'. 

drawing of water: Ha'bej. 

enter deep water: 'och ta natil Ho'. 

have water stirred up by storm or wind: balet 

nojel, vokan, 

holy waten 'a'al dios, ch*uUtasbU Ho', 

ch'uivel Ho', 

narrow body of water: chukuUl nab, 

pour water from bowl to bowl: t'oj Ho', 

put in water: tz'ajal, 

sounder for measuring depth of water: liklik 

tak'in, p'isobU natil Ho', 

water moving quietiy: tz'ananet. 

malataybil. 

make small waves: yiUc'et, yuk'yonet. 

small waves: yuk'etel Ho', yuk'yonetel. 

joyijeb Ho', sututijeb Ho'. 

l.D. Ffre, Ughming, torch 

aUght 

ash 

beUows 

blow 

boil 

bonffre 

brazier 

break 

bmshwood 

burn 

burning 

burnt 

(candle): kuxlej. 

tan. 

Hubob k'ok', HubobU. 

(beUows): Hub, Hubvan. 

blow on fire: Hub, Hub k'ok'. 

vokan. 

boiUng: k'ok', toj k'ok'. 

muk'ta k'ok'. 

lechob 'ak'al. 

break or snap (stick, pole, candle, long 

object): k'as, k'av. 

bmshwood for an oven: 'unen te', bUc'tal 

te', ch'ilob vaj. 

tzan, chUc', k'ak', k'ak'es, k'ak'etal, nop'. 

(coals): 'ak'lin, 'an. 

(turning the ffrebrand or embers and scattering tiiem): balax-k'ak'tay. 

burn around: joy-chik'. joy-k'ak'ay, patk'ak'ay. 

burn beneath the frees as when they burn 

thickets for cornfields, leaving large frees 

standing: tokal-te'. 

burn the fields: chik' 'osil. 

burn with flames: til, tilet. 

burning of underbmsh: tokal te', tokalte'ivanej. tokavej. 

chUc'bU. k'ak'esbU. 

bifrnt area: chik'benal. 

burnt field: k'ak'etal. k'ak'etaltik. 
NUMBER 31 491 

candle 

charcoal 

chimney 

coal 

egg 

ember 

extinguish 

extinguished 

fu-e 

ffrebrand 

firewood 

flame 

flash 

gleam 

half-burnt 

hearth 

heU 

heUfire 

kindle 

lamp 

lantern 

light 

lightning 

Ul 

log 

pine 

poke 

roar 

burnt pateh: chik'il k'ok*. 

candela. tajleyabU, 

'ak'al, 

lok*eb ch'ail. 

chimney shaft lok'eb ch'ail. 

red hot coal: 'ak'al. 

eggs cooked on the coals: leb-tanibU ton 

tuluk*. 

•ak*al, 

tup'es. 

be extinguished: tup'. 

k'ak'ubel. k'ok', 

(witii embers scattered far and wide): balax 

k'ok'. 

fire in patches: chik'il k'ok', 

light a fire: nop' k'ok', 

person who sets fire to something: jsuj-k'ok'. 

set ffre in patches: chik'il-k'ak'tay, 

set ffre to: sujbey k'ok'. suj k'ok', 

steel for striking fire with a flint: tak'in, 

xupet k'ok'. 

si', 

stack of ffrewood: j-vutz' si', 

slacked ffrewood: ch'ubaybil si', 

'at k'ok'. 

flame up: til. tilet. tUilet 

(lightning): leblajet 'osU, leblon 'osU. 

xojob yan, 

k'ak'tik. k'an k*ak*el, 

'av k*ok*. tzaneb k'ok. nop'eb k'ok'. 

(where the bones are burnt): k'atin-bak. 

person in hell: k'atin-bakU vinUc. 

k'atin-bakti 'Uc'ti'. k'atin-bakU 'il ya. k'atinbakil vokol. k'atin-bakil ya. 

'an. 

lampara. 

lamp socket: 'av japbalal, 'av naul. 

'av candela, na candela. 

tzan, tzan k'ok', tU. 

(candle, ffre): kuxan. 

light up: jap. 

light up person with a torch or a candle: 

jap-tajley, tajley. 

chauk, leblajetel. 

stmck by lightning: majat ta chauk. 

object being Ut up: japoj. 

single large log for the ffre: k'echob. 

pine torch: xuch'al toj. 

poke ffre and stfr flames: lupes. 

poke tiie ffre: ji' k'ok'. 

(fire, hail, rain, turbulent river or ocean): 

loklonet. 

(ffre, hail. rain, turbulent river or ocean, 

wind, large flute): 'omet 

scorch 

scorched 

singe 

singed 

smoke 

smoky 

S(X)t 

spark 

stand 

stick 

stir 

stove 

taper 

tinder 

torch 

trim 

turn 

twisted 

warm 

wick 

2. Time 

after 

again 

ago 

afready 

juteb k'ak'es, k'an-k'ak', k'an-k'ak'es. 

be scorched: juteb k'ak'. 

juteb k'ak'es, k'an-k'ak', k'an-k'ak'es. 

be singed: juteb k'ak*. 

bukbon ch'ail, bukbonet, buket ch'aU, lamet 

ch'ail. 

(before catehing fire): biUcbonet, buket, 

busbonet. 

(fu-ewood): 'Uc'-ballay. 

witii smoke puffing up in the distance: puket 

ch'ail. 

'ip ch'aU, laal ch'aU. 

(ffrewood): 'Uc'-ballay. 

become smoky: ch'ailay, ch'aub. 

smoky clothes: ch'ailal pok'. 

smoky person: ch'ailal vinik. 

'ik'uyal, 'obok. 

nich k'ok'. 

stand up (candle): kajan, kajey. 

stick being poked into fu-e: chuchoj. 

fu-e being stirred: chuchoj. 

person who stfrs the ffre: jchuchvanej. 

stfr the ffre: chik', chik'ulan, chuch k'ok'. 

stfr the fire (causing flames): tiles, 

pus. 

large taper with four wicks: tz'otbU candela, 

muk'ta candela. 

ch'amobil k'ok'. 

(burnt cloth): tzanob k'ok', tzanobil k'ok', 

ch'amob k'ok'. 

tajley yan toj, toj. 

pine torch: tzajal toj, japbalal toj. 

torch bundle: j-yom toj. 

trim a wick: lok'es 'ak'lel. lok'esbey 'ak'lel 

candela. 

(candle, stick): tz'ot 

(candles to make a torch): tz'ototUc. 

warm self by the fu-e: k'atin si', 

warm self by the ffre as do people or animals: 

k'atin. 

candle wick: naul candela. 

cloth lamp wick: pak'al. 

lamp wick: naul. 

wick made of cloth: japbalal pok'. 

wick made of string: japbalal no. 

tz'akal. 

shortly aften j-'ok' xa, j-'ok'uk xa. 

j-mek xa, j-mekuk xa, ta j-mekeluk xa. 

a short time ago: j-'ok' to. 

long ago: vo'ney. 

xa. 
492 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

always batel 'osU, lajel 'osil. 

ancient poko'. 

awaited malaybil. 

battie start a battie: lUces, lUces ta 'ochel, tukes. 

beard begin to grow a beard: 'Uc'-mustay 'isim, 

t'ab 'isim. 

become pas, pas ba. 

before ba'yi, mo to. 

shortiy before: j-'ok' ba'yi, juteb ba'yi, lajel 

to. 

begin kaj. kajes. lik. likes, t'ab, t'abes. 

begin something new: jut 

beginning ba'yitajel, kajeb. lUcebal. 

being 'ayanel. 

bid bid again: cha'-'ak' ta •'aal, cha'-'ak' ta 'al, 

cha'-'otes la •'aal. 

business new business: 'okel. 

new business (of outsider or person who 

starts new enterprise): be. 

clock 'atob 'osil, reloj. 

come have just come: Hulel 'oy, Hulel to. 

commemora- na'obil. 

lion 

complete tz'akal. tz'aki 'u'un. tz'akubtas. 

completed tz'akubtasbU. 

be completed: tz'aki. 

particle expressing completed time: 'ox, 'oy. 

completion tzutzeb, lak'eb. 

conclude Hu' 'u'un. 

continuaUy Ha' no 'ox. 

continue Ha'al 'ech', Halejes. 

continue doing: naka Ha' no 'ox pas. 

continuous jUol 'osil. 

conversation cut short one's conversation: ch'ak ta be 

k'op, yales k'op. 

current Ha' te 'oy. Ha' te tana 'ech'. 

be cuirent tana to 'ayan. 

deadline ch'akbU k'in. 

set (deadUne): ch'akbU. 

set a deadline: ch'ak k'in. 

dispute start a dispute: lUces. 

do do over and over: •'oyo pas, •'oyo'oyo pas, 

naka no 'ox pas. 

done pasbU. 

durable nat 

duration natijel, Halejel. 

early mu to k'inal, sob. 

be early (fmiting): ba'yi . 

early-fruiting (figs, quinces, etc.): ba'yi nach'el. ba'yitajel. 

end 'olanebal. 'ulebal. tzutzeb, tzutzel, tzutzes, 

ch'aniab, ch'anieb, ch'aniel, ch'ay, laj, 

lajeb, lajel, lok'eb. 

do to tiie very end: lajel pas, lok'el pas. 

end of negotiation: tzutzeb k'op. 

ended 

entfrely 

evU 

expect 

explain 

faUing 

finally 

finish 

finished 

first 

forever 

free 

frequentiy 

from 

future 

historian 

historic 

history 

hornhouse 

incomplete 

infroduction 

last 

follow to tiie very end: lajel tz'ak-pati, lok'el 

tz'ak-pati. 

in the end: ta 'olaneb, ta tzutzeb, ta lajeb. 

be ended: 'ul. 

lajel, lajeluk, lok*el, lok*eluk. 

be persistentiy evil: lajel kola'aj. 

event that one expects to happen: malayej. 

explain at length: metz'aj, pamij. 

person who explains at length: jpamijel. 

stop faUing: kiktzaj. 

ta •olaneb, ta tzutzeb, ta ch'anieb, ta lajeb. 

tzutzes. 

(work): tzutz. 

finish off: 'ules. 

'ulesbil. 

be finished: tz'aki. 

do or use for the ffrst time: Ukes. 

ffrst time: ba kajal. 

for the ffrst time: ba'yi. 

jUol 'osU, 

free time: naka 'osil, naka 'osiltik, 

'atal mek, 'ep ta mek, •'oyo'oyo. Ukel kajel, 

lUcel lUcel, lUcel t*abel. naka no 'ox, 

quite frequentiy: 'ep'ep. 

from now on: batel. 

sometime in the futifre: bak*inuk to, 

jmel-vokol. jvokolinom. 

vokoUl. 

historic deeds: vokolU pasnej, 

tell historical accounts: vokolij. 

'Uc'ti'U, vokol. vokolU. 

(written): tz'ibaybU 'Uc'ti'. 

ancient history: poko' 'ik'ti', poko' vokol. 

annual history: ju-jun 'abil vokol, ta ju-jun 

*abU vokol. 

contemporary history: nax to 'Uc'ti', nax to 

vokol. 

current history: Ha' to vokol. 

daUy history: ju-jun k'ak'al vokol. 

history in writing: Hun 'ik'ti', Hun vokol. 

history or legend (written): tz'ibaybU vokol. 

recent history: 'ach' to 'ik'ti', 'ach' to vokol. 

relate person's history: 'al, vokolin. 

relate personal histories (especially the old 

people): kuy. 

tij. 

old house: k*a'-na, k'a'al na. 

mo tz'akluk. 

t'abeb k'op. 

infroduction of a book: likeb Hun. 

infroduction of a book or speech: Ukeb k'op. 

tz'aklon, jok'ey. k'oxU, nat bat, natij, xutul, 

Halej. 

at last tz'akal, k'oxU. 
NUMBER 31 493 

lasting 

later 

laughing 

lead 

live 

long-lasting 

long-lived 

many 

meanwhile 

middle 

midpoint 

moment 

never 

not 

now 

o'clock 

once 

origin 

original 

pass 

perpetual 

perpetuate 

perpetuity 

postpone 

postponed 

predecessor 

prepare 

proceed 

prolonged 

rain 

last long: Ha'al bat, Ha'al laj. 

the last: lajeb. 

Ha'al, Hal. 

a littie later: j-^ok' xa, j-'ok'uk xa, yalul ta, 

yaluluk xa. 

a while later: j-'ok' xa, j-'ok'uk xa. 

stop laughing: ch'ani ta tze'ej. 

at the lead (on fraU): ba'yitajel. 

live a long time: nat bat, nat natij. 

nat 

be long-lasting: mo sobuk 'olan, mo sobuk 

laj. 

be long-Uved: 'ep 'U 'osU, nat 'il 'osil. nat 

xanav, nat xanav la balumil. nat xanbal. 

nat tal. 

long-lived person: poko' vinik. 

how many (times): jay-mek, jay-yalel. 

many times: 'ep ta mek. •'oyo'oyo. 

k'alal ta yo' 'oy, yo' 'oy. 

reach the middle: k'alal ta 'o'lol, ta 'o'lol. 

midpoint in meal: 'o'lol ve'el. 

j-'ok', j-t'abelt'abel, 

in a moment: t'ab chi. 

(in the future): mo no 'ox bak'in, mo no 

'oxeuk bak'in. 

(in the past): mo 'oyuk bak'ni, mo no 'ox 

bak'ni, mok bak'ni. 

not yet: mo to. 

tana, lana to. 

even now: Ha' to U', Ha' to U' tanae. 

not long from now: mo nomuk. 

tij. 

bak'ni, vo'ney. 

•ibel, Ukebal. 

lUcebal. t'abeb, 

pass tiie time away: 'et'es 'osU, 

that which now passes or had just passed: 

nax. nax lajel. nax lajel to. 

batel 'osU 'oy, jilol 'osil, mu cham 'oy, mu 

laj 'oy. 

muk'ubtas, Halejes. 

jok'tzajel, natijel, Halejel. 

ch'ak, jok'tzajes, k'oxibtas, lajeb 'ayan 

'u'un, nop, paj. xutul 'ayan 'u'un, xutultas, toy k'in, Halejes. 

be postponed: jok'tzaj. 

Ha' te k'ex. 

pas, tojobes, tojobtas. 

prepare in advance: ba'yijes. 

prepare oneself: meltzaj, pas ba. 

batz'itay, tzutz 'u^un, xUc'an, xik'ey. 

be prolonged: natij. 

constant rain: •ip Ho^, •ipal Ho^, toj •ip Ho', 

constant rain for many days: •votol Ho', 

readied 

ready 

recent 

recentiy 

remember 

repent 

reply 

second 

seldom 

set 

sin 

sinfulness 

sleep 

sometime 

scx)n 

start 

started 

starting 

stay 

StiU 

stop 

stopped 

store 

talk 

tardy 

termination 

then 

tUl 

time 

tzatzajesbU. 

pasbU. 

get ready: tzatzajes ba, pas ba. 

person who is ready: ch'albU vinik. 

'ach', 'ach' to, yaxal. 

'ach', 'ach' to, j-'ok' to, li'li' to, mu 

vo'neyuk. 

remember frequentiy: tam ta 'olonton. 

moment when or place where one repents: 

bUc'lajebal, top'ebal. 

reply many times: bichbonet tak'av. 

reply shamelessly or repeatedly: bichbonet 

tak'av, jatbU 'abnal ti' tak'av, jik'jonet 

tak'av, ti'inej ba tak'av. 

a second time: cha'-mekel. 

HalUctik. 

set a day, limit or place: ch'ak. 

sin persistentiy (as a stubborn or shameless 

dog): tz'i'U-mulav. 

persistent sinfulness: tz'i'U ta muUl. 

sleep a long time: yakU-vay. 

(in the futiu-e): 'oy bak'in, bak'in, bak'inuk. 

(in the past): 'oy bak'ni, bak'ni. 

mo nomuk, va'alva'aliUc. 

(dispute): jut 

likesbU. 

starting point: likel 'oy. 

jok'ej, kom, Halej. 

lana to. 

'olan, ch'anantas, ch'aru, ch'anies, kiktzaj, 

maktzajes, maktzan. 

(animal): kotaj. 

(bleeding): mak, paj. 

stop in one's fracks: ch'ani ta 'anil, komtzaj, 

va'an ba. 

stop moving (inanimate object): kiktzaj, 

komtzaj, naktzaj. 

kUcU. 

store in one's mind (to do or say at a later 

date): tz'ibay ta 'olonton. 

time-consuming talk: jok'tzajel k'op. 

lardy person: jHa'al, jHalejel. 

ch'aniab, ch'anieb, ch'aniel. 

te. 

(in the future): bak'in. 

(in the past): bak'ni. 

tUl when: buy k'alal. 

up tiU now: talel. 

'osil, koj, k'inal, mek, yalel. 

(one after another): j-kajal. 

a long time from now: nom la 'abil, nom ta 

'osil. 

another time: j-mek xa, j-mekuk xa, la 

j-mekeluk xa. 
494 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

at a point of time: t'ab chi. 

at the proper time: en buen tiempo como..., 

en buen tiempo se parte. 

at what time: buy 'osU. 

each or every time: naka Ha' no 'ox. 

ffrst time: j-mek. 

free time: xokol 'osil, xokol 'osUtUc. 

long time: nat 'osU. 

many times: naka Ha' no 'ox. 

opportune time: k'inal, k'inil. 

point of time: t'abel, t'abeU'abel. 

second time: cha'-mekel. 

short time: mo natuk 'osil, mu natuk. 

take a long time: toy k'in, Halejes. 

time-consum- natil, HalU. 

ing 

untU k'alal, k'alal ta, U' k'alal U', yo' 'oy. 

vain spend the day or time in vain: naka 'ech' 

'osil 'euk, naka mal k'ak'al 'u'un. 

wait wait for person: malay, malayvan. 

watch na'ob 'osU. 

when (in the future): bak'in. 

(in the past): bak'ni. 

when? buy 'osU, buy k'ak'al, buy k'ak*al k'in. 

whenever k'uk 'a' 'oy. Ha' no *ox tza. 

(in the futifre): bak'inuk no 'ox. 

where once: te no 'ox, te yo' 'oy ba'yie. 

tana. 

in a littie whUe: juteb xa, t'abel no 'ox, t'abel 

xa, t'abeU'abel no 'ox, va'al no 'ox, 

va'alva'al no 'ox, yalul xa. 

in a short while: va'al no 'ox, va'alva'al no 

'ox. 

short while: t'abel no 'ox. 

ta. 

historic words: vokolU k'op. 

time-consuming work: jok'tzajel 'abtel, natU 

'abtel, natil ch'en. 

talel. 

where 

while 

will 

word 

work 

yet 

2.A. Day and night. See also sky lA. 

afternoon 

bright 

daUy 

date 

dawn 

late afternoon: samelsamel 'osil. 

(moonlit night): sak-mesan. 

become bright (moonlit night): sak-mestay 

'osU. 

'ok'om'ok'om, taju-jun k'in. 

k'inal, k'inU. 

'ik'-luman, 'Uc'-numan, 'oy to 'ak'abal, 

•jich'aj 'osU, •jich'ajel, k'inaj 'osU, 

k'inajel, k'inU 'osU, sak-jaman 'osU, 

sakub 'osil. 

at dawn: 'ik'-lumantik, 'ik'-numantUc. 

early dawn: k'inUk'inil 'osU. 

dawning sak-kepan. 

day k'ak'al, k'in. 

by day: ta k'ak'altik, ta lumuchultik. 

day after tomorrow: cha'ej. 

day before yesterday: chabjey. 

each day: la ju-jun k'in. 

holy day: chabiat k'in. 

on tiie ffrst day: ta ba k'in. 

set a day: ch'ak k'in, ch'akbey k'in, paj. 

the day before: 'ok'ob xa 'oy. 

what day?: buy k'ak'al, buy k'ak'al k'in. 

daytime in the daytime: ta k'ak'altUc, ta tiimuchultilc. 

dew night dew: 'Uc' 'ak'abal, 'Uc'al 'ak'abal. 

late sameltUcU. 

late at night nax 'ox 'ak'abal. 

midnight 'o'lol 'ak'abal, tumuch 'ak'abal. 

morning •jich'ajel. 

night 'ak'abal, 

ffrst quarter of tiie night: 'ochel 'ak'abal. 

night before last chabjey ta 'ak'abal. 

sit up a whole night: k'el 'ak'abal. 

nightiy ta ju-jun 'ak'abal. 

noon 'o'lol k'ak'al, k'uxul k'ak'al, tumuch k'ak'al. 

overnight overnight stay: vayebal. 

pafrol night patrol: chabi-'ak'abal, chabiej-

'ak'abal, joyeb j-tek lum, joyeb na, 

joyvanej. 

red (sky at dawn or dusk): chak-^jutan. 

redden (sky at dawn or dusk): chak-^juttay. 

rise rise early in the morning: 'ak'abal julay, 'oy 

to 'ak'abal julay, toj 'ik'-luman jiUay. 

set (sun): 'och ta yalel k'ak'al. 

star morning star: muk'ta k'anal. 

slay stay overnight: 'olanabil. 

sun have the sun set: mal k'ak'al. 

sunrise jameb k'ak'al, lok'eb k'ak'al, nach'eb k'ak'al. 

2.B. Days, montiis. years, seasons 

annual 

annuaUy 

calendar 

Friday 

harvest 

journey 

labor 

March 

month 

octave 

'abilal. 

ta ju-jun 'abil. 

calendar of saints' days: 'atob 'osil. 'atob 

k'ak'al, 'atob k'in. 

cha'ej xa 'oy domingo, viernes. 

harvest time: vojtontik. 

a week's journey: Huk-k'in belel. 

one day's journey or march: jun k'ak'al 

xanbal. 

a week's labor: Huk-k'in 'abtel, 

'oxib 'u, 'u marzo, marzo. 

referring to March: marzoU. 

'u, 

eight day fiesta: ch'akeb vaxakib k'ak'al, 

ch'akel vaxakib k'ak'al, vaxakib k'ak'al. 
NUMBER 31 495 

October 

one 

payment 

rainy 

Saturday 

season 

September 

seven 

spring 

summer 

summery 

Sunday 

three 

today 

tomorrow 

Tuesday 

weeding 

week 

winter 

year 

yesterday 

'u octubre, octubre. 

one and a half months: 'o'lol chib 'u. 

day set for payment: chonbU k'in. 

rainy season, spring: bulbux, 

'ok'ob xa 'oy domingo, sabado. 

'osil, k'inal. 

dry season: k'epel 'osil, k'inal k'ak'al, takin 

'osil. 

rainy season: Ho'tikU 'osil. Ho'tUcil lum. 

setiembre. 

seven years: HiUc-'abi. Hukub 'abil. 

seven years old: Huk-'abi. 

rainy season spring: bulbuxtUc. 

'et'es k'ak'altik. k'ak'altikil 'osU, k'epel 

'osU, k'inal k'ak'al. 

(dry season): k'ak'altik. 

k'ak'altUcil. 

domingo. 

referring to Sunday: domingoil. 

three day period: 'oxej k'in. 

three days: 'ox-k'in. 

three days ago: 'oxjey, chabjeychabjey. 

three months ago: yoxibal yual, yoxU 'u. 

three years ago: 'ox'ox 'abU batel, yoxibal 

'abU batel. 

•'echan. 

'ok'ob. 

chabjey 'oy 'ech' domingo, martes. 

weeding season: k'in 'ak'in. 

semana, Huk-k'in jun domingo. 

every week: HukiUc-k'in. 

week by week: Hukuk-k'in. 

'ech' Ho'tik 'u'un, Ho'tik. 

•abU. 

a year from now: jun *ab. 

future year: 'ab. 

last year (or) a year ago: jun 'abi. 

past year: 'abi. 

this year: Ha U' 'abile. 

two years ago: cha'-abi. 

two years from now: cha'-'ab. 

voljey. 

2.C. Speed and slowness 

brevity bUc'tal, lUc'il k'op, t'abeltUc, va'alva'al k'op. 

brief mo Haluk. 

delay jok'tzajel, jok'tzajes, natijel, Halej, Halejel. 

Halejes. 

delayed be delayed: jok'tzaj. 

delayer jjok'tzajel, jHa'al, jHalejel. 

detain maktzajes, maktzan. 

(as when the alcalde does not let tiiem go 

somewhere or a friend detains them): 

detained 

exit 

explain 

graduaUy 

hurried 

hurry 

immediately 

leave 

mmute 

moving 

often 

precipitately 

quick 

quickly 

quickly! 

right 

sale 

slow 

slowness 

sold 

split 

suddenly 

swift 

swiftness 

take 

nakan. 

nakanbU. 

be detained: sa' 'olonton. 

be detained as by rain or a full river: maktzaj. 

be greatiy detained in talking or walking: 

sa'lej, Ha'bej. 

person detained: nakanej. 

quick exit: soblajel lok'el, tUclajel, •votol 

lok'el. 

person who explains al length: jmetz'ajel. 

tzaibiltzaibil, tzaibiluk no 'ox, k'unk'un no 

'ox, k'unk'unuk no 'ox, nopbibopbil. 

nopbUuk no 'ox. 

sabajesbil. sabaltasbil. 

'anUaj, sabaj, sabajel, sabajes, sabal, sabaltas, 

sabantas. 

do in a hurry: sabal-pas. 

hurry a person: sabaltas. 

in a hurry: j-t'abel, sob. 

person who hurries otiiers: jsabal-vinik. 

jsabaltasvanej. 

person who is made to hurry: sababU vinUc. 

lUcel, toj lUcel, toj likeliUc. 

leave quickly as from the church or school: 

soblaj lok', tiklaj lok', •votol-lok', •votolan lok'el. 

every few minutes: juju batel, lUcel kajel, 

va'alva'al no 'ox. 

moving frequently: •'oyo liklik, kajel lik. 

'ep ta mek. 

tojtoj likel. 

julan. 

sob, sobsobiUc, t'abeluk, va'luk no 'ox. 

make person do something quickly: 'ak' 

sobuk pas. 

sobiUc. 

right away: •'UUco, toj lUcel. 

quick sale: pojel. 

ch'aj, yaya. 

slow person: ch'ajU vinik, yayail vinik. 

ch'ajUal. 

be sold quickly: pojel bat 

split gradually: •chal. 

j-likel, toj likel. 

swift person or thing: j'anU. 

'anU. 

take place: Hu'. 

3. Shape and form 

arched 

bend 

xotol, xotxot. 

become arched: xottzaj, xotey, xotij. 

make arched: xotzan, xotan, xottzajes. 

bend over: nijan ba, nijey. 
496 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

bent 

bow 

bump 

cfrcle 

coagulate 

coU 

coUed 

corner 

crack 

crooked 

crosswise 

dented 

depressed 

depression 

descend 

descent 

deviate 

disk 

doubled 

edge 

eight-sided 

bend over (willow, slender stick): pak. 

be bent over: patet. 

bent over: nijU. 

kejan ba. 

with bumps: j-p'ej t'elel. 

lying in a cfrcle: joyoj ta ta'lej, joyol ta ta'lej. 

seated in a cfrcle: joynej ta naklej, joyoj ta 

naklej, joyol ta naklej. 

standing in a cfrcle: joyoj ta va'lej, joyol la 

va'lej. 

pat ba, tatub. 

k'amam, xotey. 

coU up (snake): xot ba. 

xotbil, xotoj ba, xotol. 

xuk'av, xuk'lej, xuk'ultUc. 

corner of house: chUcin na, xokon na. 

form a point or corner (cUff): tz'e'p'uj. 

go by a cUff that forms a point or cornen 

tz'e'el batel. 

'ap'al. 'ap'el. tzUc'el, izUc'Uul. t'aj, t'ajalU, 

t'ajel, vok'benal, vok'oUl, 

lukluk, nelnel. 

become crooked (line, edge, road): k'ejp'uj. 

go crooked (line, path): nelp'uj. 

k'atal, poyol. 

lom. lomol. potz'. potz'ol, •vuch, •vuchul. 

be dented: '(x:h lomluk, 'och potz'luk, 

potz'aj. 

become dented: lomtzaj. 

dented in many places: lomomtUc. 

slightiy dented: lomlom, lomoUomol, 

potz'olpotz'ol, potz'potz'. •vuchulvuchiU. 

•vuchvuch. 

lom, lomol, potz', potz'ol, •vuch, •vuchul, 

•vuchulvuchul, •vuchvuch. 

sUghtiy depressed: lomlom, lomoUomol, 

potz'olpotz'ol, potz'potz'. 

chaklej. 

form a depression or hollow: chaktzaj. 

with a depression or hollow (land): chakchak. 

yal. 

gradual descent: nelel, nellej vitz. 

gradual descent (path): nelel batel. 

jak. 

tenobU te'. 

metal disk: setet tak'in. 

wooden disk: setel te'. 

puxbU, puxul. 

doubled oven pakaktUc, pakal, pakbU. pakulanbil. 

doubled section: pakalul. pakbenal. 

ti'U. 

vaxak-xuk', vaxak-xuk'bel. 

encfrcle 

encfrcled 

fast 

fat 

fiUny 

ffrm 

ffrmly 

firmness 

flaccid 

flat 

fold 

folded 

form 

heap 

heaped 

hole 

hollow 

hollowed 

hump 

image 

land 

lathe 

level 

leveled 

line 

joy, joyij, joyin. 

joyinbU, joyol. 

'ik, 'ip. tzatzubesbU, tzotz. 

muk', pumumet. 

grow fat jup', k'an-'kmay, muk'ub. 

be fiUny: tok 'a'i. 

'ip, tzatzubesbil. tzotz. 

'ip. tzotz. 

'ip, •ipajel, tzatzal, tzatzubel. 

become flaccid: matz'ub. 

tenel. tenten. 

flat field: pUc'pUc' tenlej. 

pakbenal. puxbenal. 

(cloth, clotiiing): pak. pux. 

pakbil. puxbU. 

not folded: j-lomlom. k'olk'ol. mu cha'-

k'oluk. mu cha'-lomuk. 

'ilel. pasel. 

bus. bustzaj. bustzajel. tzob. lotz. 

be in heaps: busbonet. 

heap up: busan. 

busul. 

ch'en. ch'ojobil, Hotob, Hotol. 

deep hole: chak. 

make a hole: ch'oj ch'en. 

many holes: ch'ench'entik. 

place with many holes: ch'ench'entik. 

put in a hole: lap. 

with a hole: ch'ojol, Hotol. 

with many holes: ch'ojoltik, ch'ojojtik, 

HololtUc, HololtUc. 

chaklej. jom ta *ut, jomjom, jomjom la 'ut, 

naka jom. 

peach pit or almond whose nut has shmnken: 

potz'om. 

with hollow pits or seeds: laal potz'omal, 

potz'omtUc. 

hollowed out (embrasure, loophole): jomjom. 

p'usil. 

joch'bU lok'ob-baU, k'eluyabU, lok'ob, lok'obbail, p'isobil. 

flat land: tenlej, tenlej 'osil. 

narrow plot of land: mo muk'uk popol, yubul 

'osU. 

shaped on a lathe: joch'bU ta torno. 

ch'ak nivel 'u'un, meltzajes, p'is ta nivel 

'oy, tenay, tentzajes, tojobtas, tojobtas 

'a'i la muk'e. 

become level: tentzaj. 

become level (cleared field): pach'tzaj. 

become level (valley): lok'tzaj. 

be leveled: 'och nivel 'u'un. 

cha'-laman. 

line up: chol. chol ba. mel. 
NUMBER 31 

long 

lump 

lumpy 

metal 

mold 

mussy 

narrow 

narrowed 

narrowness 

node 

opening 

outUne 

part 

pile 

piled 

pitied 

point 

pointed 

protmding 

pucker 

puckered 

restore 

nat. natil. 

lying (long objects): tusul. 

set down (long objects): tusan. 

petey. 

(as on the face of a person affUcted with the 

pox): ch'okU. 

(as those on the faces of people affUcted with 

bubonic plague): 'uxub. 

covered with lumps (pox): laal ch'okU. 

lump jaw: chamel. 

swell with large lumps: bujey. 

with liunps: petpet. 

with many lumps: ch'okiltik. 

bujbuj. bujulbujul, bujujlik. 

(face): 'uxubtik, laal 'uxub. 

roundish piece of metal: volvol tak'in. 

mold for bell or casting of otiier metal object: 

'av. 

mold for tiles, bricks, ete,: patobU xamit. 

mussy or disheveled hafr: ch'etel tzotzil jol. 

lotz'lotz', yub, yubes, yubtas, yubyub. 

(beam, board, container): bUc'it. 

(board, table): yubul. 

(plot of land between cliffs): lotz'ol. 

(region witii many ravines): lotz'ol. 

(room): lotz'ol. 

(unable to contain something): chukul. 

(vaUey): lotz'ol. 

go or sUp through narrow place as an fron 

raUing: kak ba '(x:h. 

grow narrow: bik'taj. 

put hand or finger in narrow place like mouth 

or nose: ch'op. 

sUp through narrow place as between fron 

gates: kuchoj 'och. 

yubesbil, yubtasbil. 

narrowed article: yuboj. 

yubel. 

with many nodes: 'akantUc. 

jamalul. 

joch', joch'ben. joch'benal, joch'el. 

(round object as a banana): j-k'os. 

in many smaU piles: busustUc. 

busul, tzobol, kunul, •tekel. 

(house floor): lomlom. 

chak. ni'. 

become pointed: tz'ubey, 

make pointed: tz'uban, tz'ubey 'u'un. 

katz'atz'tik. 

(adobes or stones in Ul-made wall): bet'et'ik. 

pucker up (as when sewing shrinks): •tzukU. 

tzukbU, tziUctzuk. 

restore to former shape or beauty: 'ich' tojol 

'u'un, meltzajes, tojobes, tojobtas. 

ridge 

rock 

round 

roundish 

roundness 

row 

scarf 

settie 

shape 

short 

spiny 

spread 

square 

squared 

stack 

stone 

sfraight 

Sfraighten 

sfring 

style 

sunk 

sunken 

497 

make a ridge: tz'alan. 

ridge between furrows: tz'alal. 

pointed end of a rock: ni' ton. 

round rock: volvol ton. 

pisil, volvol. 

(bread, hoop): xotol. 

(hoUow in the middle): xotxot. 

(not spherical): setset. 

(not spherical, but thin as table. tortUla, 

wheel): setel. 

(spherical or columnar): pispis. 

become round: pistzaj, pisub, settzaj, setiib, 

xottzaj, xotey, xotij, voltzaj. 

make round: pistzan, pisubes, setubes, xotzan, 

xotan. xottzajes. voltzan. 

round and long: balbal. 

round object: pis. 

volvol. 

pisilul. setel. volvoUl. 

chol, chollej, j-mel xa, koj. 

(of stones, or adobe or anytiiing laid on top 

of each other): j-kajal. 

row of soldiers in battie order: j-chol jyabutil. 

set in a row: chol, choloj ba 'ak', jit', jit'oj 

ba 'ak', mel, meloj ba 'ak'. 

edge of scarf: ti' pok'. 

(ground): lom, lomtzaj. 

make (groimd) settie: lomtz'in. 

'ich' tojol 'u'un, pas, tojobtas. 

komkom. 

become short: komoj. 

cut short: bik'tajes. 

ch'ixal. 

spread out 'epuj, Uch', lich'anbU, lich'bU, 

lich'U. 

spread out (btu-den): 'epub. 

chan-xuk', chan-xuk'es. 

carpenter's square: chan-xuk'esabU. 

be squared: chan-xuk' 'ayan. 

j-vutz'. 

corner of a stone: xuk'av ton. 

melel, meleliUc, tojol, tojoluk, tuk'tuk'. 

(upright poles): va'al, va'aluk. 

tz'otan, tz'otii. tz'otp'ijes, tz'otp'in. 

sfraighten a crooked staff or stick: patz'. 

sfraighten with one's hands (beam): tojobtas. 

(garlic): tz'isbU tuix, j-jil ajos. 

(garlic, onions): choj, ch'ajnuybU tuix, j-jil. 

(onions): jilbil tuix. 

string of beads: j-choj cuentas, j-jU cuentas. 

'ilel, talel, Hech pasel, Hech talel. 

mulbil, mulul. 

lom, lomol, potz', potz'ol, potz'olpotz'ol, 

potz'potz', •vuch, •vuchul, •vuchulvu-
498 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

surface 

swarm 

swell 

tall 

thick 

thicken 

thickened 

thickness 

thin 

thinness 

frack 

frimming 

turnip 

twist 

twisted 

waU 

chiU, •vuchvuch. 

(ground): pulultUc. 

(ground, vaUeys, house floor where there are 

depressions): pulpul. 

sUghtiy sunken: lomoUomol. 

sUghtiy sunken (vaUeys): lomlom. 

sunken in many places: lomomtik, potz'otz'tik. 

'elov. 

busbon, tik'ton. 

swarm of honeybees: tzobol 'aja-pom. 

noj, sit. situb. 

be made to swell by stepping on and stuffing 

in: bet'bU nojel. tek'bU nojel. tik'bil nojel. 

make swell: nojes. 

make swell by stepping on and stuffing in: 

tek'bil nojes, tik'bil nojes. 

nat natU. natU. 

(creatures): nat 'akan. 

tot. 

become thick: tatub. 

make thick: tatubes. tatubtas. 

make twice as thick (cord, thread): k'am. 

(very thin knife blade that is fortified by 

adding metal to it): pimubtas, tijubtas. 

object that is thickened: k'amoj. 

tatal. 

(liquid): yax-chivan, yaxa-Ho'. 

(round object): bUc'it 

(wide object): joy. 

become thin: kak ba. 

become, grow thin: bakub. 

grow thin: takin-bat. 

grow tiiin (clotiiing, person): jayub. 

make thin: bakubes, jayubes, jayubtas. 

thin out: tek'eltek'el lok'es. 

thin out (lettuce, frees): tek'ek'tUc lok'es. 

very thin (board): jay-latzan. 

very thin (mule): jay-lichan. 

jayubel, taki-batel. 

frack left by beam that has been dragged: be 

te'. 

frack left by stone that has been pushed: be 

ton. 

undulate trimming: balobil. 

undulate trimming of clothes: balajtik pok'. 

long turnip: juljul nabo. 

round tifrnip: volvol nabo. 

tz'ot, tz'otan, tz'otii, tz'otp'ij, tz'otp'ijes, 

tz'otp'in. 

twist back up (path): nelp'uj. 

tz'otbU, tz'ottz'ot 

(candles to make a torch): tz'ototik. 

corner of a waU: ni' ch'ub. 

sfraight wall: tojol ch'ub. 

wide 

widen 

muk* pach'lej, muk' popol. 

set down a wide object: pach'an. 

p'oles. 

4. Existence, location, position 

above 

absent 

across 

after 

against 

ahead 

among 

amongst 

assemble 

back 

be 

behind 

below 

beneath 

between 

beyond 

bottom 

bow 

bowed 

bowing 

cfrcle 

condition 

down 

elsewhere 

end 

everywhere 

exempt 

face 

'ak'ol, •kuy, •kuyik. 

mo k'uluk, mo nakluk. 

ta xokon. 

tz'akal. 

nakel. 

ahead of: ta 'ichonil. 

be ahead: ba'yi. 

object put ahead of: ba'yitasej. 

ta tojol. 

ta 'ol. 

assemble people: mel vinik, pas vinik. 

assemble people (as in a procession): chol 

vinUc, meltzan vinUc. 

to the back: ta patU, ta tojol patil, yo' 'oy 

tojol patil. 

'oy. 

be on four legs: kotey. kotol. 

tz'akal, patU, la patil. 

ta 'olon, la 'olontik. 

la 'olon. 

la •sap. ta •sapan. 

tajech. 

chak. 

kejey, nijey. 

(head, body): nijan ba. 

make person bow: nijan. 

nijil. 

bowed over (by someone else): nijanbil. 

nijanel, nijlej. 

lying in a cfrcle: joyoj la ta'lej, joyol ta ta'lej. 

seated in a cfrcle: joynej la naklej, joyoj la 

naklej, joyol la naklej. 

standing in a cfrcle: joyoj ta va'lej, joyol ta 

va'lej. 

pasel, talel. 

ta 'olon. 

yanyanuk. 

chak. 

(board, table): ti'U. 

jUom. ta sut. 

from everywhere: ta 'ut 'Uob. 

lekoj ba tuk. taki. takibil. 

'elan. 

be lying face down: patey. 

be lying face up: javey. 

be set or turned face down: nujey. 

lay face up: javan. 

lying face down: patal. 
NUMBER 31 499 

facing 

far 

ffrst 

fit 

fitted 

fitting 

foremost 

from 

front 

general 

hand 

hanging 

here 

inside 

just 

lead 

leaning 

lined 

long 

lowlands 

lying 

manifest 

lying face up: javal. 

'elanej ba. 

facing the house of...: 'ichoninej ba chi'uk 

na. 

as far as: k'alal, k'alal te 'oy, te k'alal. 

far apart nomtik. nomtiknomtik, nomtuk. 

far away: nom. 

from far away: jakal, nom talel. 

how far?: k'u namal, k'usi namal. 

that far: te k'alal. 

tills far: U' k'alal U'. 

ba'yi, ba'yitajel, ba'yitajel, pisU ba chi'uk 

ba'yi-tajel. 

be the ffrst: ba'yi. 

ffrst row: ba kajal. 

ffrst step: ba kajal. 

the ffrst in sitting order: ba jnaklej. 

the ffrst in standing order: ba jva'lej. 

'och. 

fit in: 'ak' k'ux ba, 'ak' nop ba, 'ak' tik' ba, 

nop, nopoj ba 'u'un. 

fit in or together (beams): nup. 

fit into or together (door and doorjamb): nop. 

fit tightiy: nup ba. 

fit togeihen nop ba. 

fitted in or together: nopbil. 

act of fitting one thing into another: nopen. 

ba'yitajel. ba'yitajel, pisil ba chi'uk ba'yitajel. 

lUcta. 

(the city, the garden): ta. 

'elov, 'ichon. 

be in front of: 'elan, 

in front of: ta 'ichonU. 

in front of (one house or anotiier): 'elanej ba. 

tasut 

right hand: batz'i k'ob, noj k'ob. 

place of hanging: jok'anab, jok'anabil. 

•'eno, 'ito, Ii'. 

It is here: U' •oye, U' nakal Ii', Ii' to, Ii' toe. 

to here: Ii' k'alal Ii'. 

'util. 

lajel to. Ha' no •ox. Ha' to. 

at the lead (on fraU): ba'yitajel. 

xik'il. 

lined up: chololcholol, melelmelel, mellej, 

tasaltasal. 

lying (long objects): tusul. 

in the lowlands: ta 'olon 'osU. 

(wide objects): ta'al. 

lying down: metzel. 

lying down as in bed: ta'al. 

lying tiiere: lum ta'al. 

be manifest vinaj. 

neither 

next 

nowhere 

on 

ordered 

outside 

over 

overturn 

piled 

pointed 

pointer 

position 

push 

remain 

seat 

seated 

second 

sent 

separate 

separated 

separately 

separation 

set 

shade 

shady 

side 

site 

somewhere 

stand 

standing 

neither here nor there: mo no 'ox buy 

j-jechuk, mo no 'ox buy junuk, mo no •ox 

buyuk. 

neither one nor the other (things): mo no 'ox 

j-tekuk. 

next to: tijel. Ha' tz'el. 

mok buy. 

'ak'ol, ta ba. 

nopbU. 

tapana. 

'ak'ol. 

over there: taj tajech, taj toe. 

(bowl): vaUc'uj, valk'un. 

busul, tzobol, kunul, •tekel. 

place where objects are piled: bustzajeb. 

that which is being pointed at or to: 

ch'utubtayej. 

'atob. 

'ak'el, 'ak'vanej, naklej. 

push out of one's place: valk'un. 

kom. 

nakan. naklebal, naklej, •pakal. 

nakanbU. 

be seated: nakey. 

person sealed: nakanej. 

entered in second growth: ch'UcU. 

make one's way through second growth: 

ch'Uc ba la jobel, ch'Uc ba ta voymol. 

second in Une: cha'-tek'el, cha'-va'al, cha'-

va'al va'lej. 

object sent: k'ubul. 

sent cautiously: tzail-lakbU. 

pukbey ba. 

be widely separated: nom 'il ba. 

widely separated: nomtiknomtUc. 

lekojlekoj. 

ch'akeb. 

set a day, limit or place: ch'ak. 

keovtik. 

shady place: nak'abUtik. 

on both sides: ta cha'-jechel. 

on each side: ta ju-jech, ta juju jech. 

on tiie otiier side: la jech, ta patU. 

on three sides: ta 'ox-jechel. 

'av, 'osil. 

'oy buy, 'oy buyuk, buyuk. 

somewhere else: yanyanuk. 

stand up (candle): kajan, kajey. 

stand up (pole, person): va'an. 

(human): va'al. 

be standing in heavy growtii: kujul. 

standing in heavy growtii: k'alal. 

standing place: va'leb. 

standing position: va'lej. 
500 SMTTHSONL\N CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

State 

stay 

stuck 

suspended 

sweat 

swimming 

take 

tiiat 

there 

lo 

top 

towards 

turn 

under 

untU 

up 

uphUl 

upright 

upside 

upwards 

waUc 

washing 

way 

waylaid 

standing there: lum va'al, 

natural state: 'ayanel. 

jok'ej, kom, Halej. 

kakal, 

(unable to be pushed in or pulled out): kikil, 

be stuck between two objects (as frees that 

faU and are caught in the branches of 

others): kaktzaj, 

become stuck: tz'akoj ba, kUctzaj, 

stuck on: nap'anbU, nap'bU, nochanbil, 

be suspended and about to faU: lUctzaj, 

place where one sweats: chik'inabil. 

chUc'inebal, 

swimming place: nuxobil, 

take one's place: bet', 

(when far off): taj ta jech, taj toe. 

te. 

over there: lum toe, lume. 

over there (when near): lumlume. 

te. 

on top of: kajal, ta ba. 

put on top of: kajan. 

ta tojol, telel, yo' 'oy tojol. 

joyijes. 

(candle, stick): tz'ot 

(wheel): joyan. 

turn around: sutp'ij. 

turn oven vaUc'uj. 

ta 'olon. 

k'alal. k'alal ta, Ii' k'alal Ii', yo' *oy. 

up to where: k'alal le 'oy. 

uphUl and away: muyel batel. 

uphUl and towards: muyel talel. 

va'al. 

set upright: va'an. 

set upright (poles): va'anbil. 

be turned upside down with the wide part 

on tiie bottom: pach'ey. 

setting a (wide object) upside down witii tiie 

wide part on tiie bottom: pach'al. 

turn object upside down with tiie wide part 

on tiie bottom: pach'an. 

turn upside down: sutejes, sutes. 

tifrned upside down witii the wide part on the 

bottom: pach'anbil. 

la tojol 'ak'ol. 

waUc to or from a certain place: xan. 

washing place: chuk'omajeb. 

which way?: buy jechuk, buy tojol, buyuk 

jechuk. 

whichever way: buyuk no 'ox, buyuk no 'ox 

jechuk. 

place where people are waylaid: pa'-

muk'uyab. 

west 

where 

where? 

wherever 

wild 

wind 

yonder 

maleb k'ak'al. 

buy. 

from where: buy. buytik. 

to where: buy. 

where once: te no 'ox, te yo' 'oy ba'yie. 

buy. 

buytikuk, buyuk. 

'abnaUl. 'abnaltikU. te'tikU, voymoltikU. 

east wind: 'ak'ol 'Uc'. k'ak'aUl 'Uc'. 

west wind: 'olon 'ik'. 

lum toe, lume, lumlume. 

5. Plants, frees, vines 

appearance appearance of plants or grass: lok'el. 

appearance or birth of plants: 'osUajel. 

arbor 'axibal 'abnal. 

(in the form of a hut or a house): nail 'abnal. 

astringent sapap. 

bark patil. 

blossom k'exbonaj nichim, tiUc. 

brambles tz'i'lel 'osU, tz'i'leltUc. 

branch k'ob te'. 

branchy 'atal jetav, 'alal k'elom, 'epal k'ob. 

break break open (pomegranates, cotton): jav, vok'. 

break or cut roots or vines with which tiiey 

bind the wood of thefr houses: ch'ak. 

bud lok'. 

bundle bundle of torch faggots or plants: j-'Ucatz, 

j-k'ech, j-meylej. 

chip chips or chunks of wood: p'asalul te', 

p'asben te'. 

wood chip: 'anben te', ch'uch'ul te', kamul, 

kamul te'. 

dark grow dark (frees in the distance): 'ik'-

'otz'tay, 'Uc'-lomtay. 

deadly deadly herb: jtzamesvanej pox. 

dew (on plants or frees): tz'ujubal. 

faU (leaves, fmit): lUij, titij. 

field jobel, tenlej jobel. 

firewood si', 

fish fish witii roots making tiie fish dmnk: 

maj-'ak'i. 

flower nich, nichin. 

(generally): nichim. 

flower spray: k'ob nichim. 

flowery 'oy nichim. 

flowery field: nichimtik. 

foot (free witii branches): 'ibel. 

footof free: 'ibelte'. 

forest 'abnaltUc. te'tik. 

tall forest: toyol 'osil. 

fmit lo'bol. 

(general term): sat 
NUMBER 31 501 

graft 

grafted 

grass 

green 

greens 

grove 

gum 

gummy 

hollow 

honey 

honeycomb 

husk 

juice 

knot 

knotty 

leaf 

leafy 

mat 

meadow 

mUdew 

mUdewed 

mountainous 

node 

overgrown 

pasture 

pick 

pit 

piteh 

plain 

plant 

resin 

revive 

ripe 

ripen 

after fmit: matz'epal. p'ajbenal. 

fmu free: te'el lo'bol. 

summer fmit k'ak'altUcil lo'bol, k'ak'altUcil 

sat. 

wild fmit te'tikU lo'bol, voymoltikU lo'bol. 

(free): 'unen k'exbon. 

shoot grafted onto a free: 'unen ni'. 

dry grass: taki-jobel. 

tze. tzeel. 

green again (grain field, grass): yax-balan, 

yax-k'utan. 

edible greens: 'itaj, 

te'tik, 

xuch'. 

laal xuch', xuch'tik. 

with hollow pits or seeds: laal potz'omal, 

polz'omtUc, 

pamal nichim, pom. 

make honey (bees): paman. 

chabil pom. 

cho'benal, solbenal. 

'a'lel. 

free knot 'uxub. 

(wood): 'uxubtUc, 

'analin, 

(free leaf and aU other leaves except pine 

needles): 'abnal, 

leaf by leaf: likiUikil. 

free leaf: 'anal te', 

'ik'-loman yanal, pim 'anal, 

reed mat: popol 'aj, 

jobeltik, tenlej jobel, 

kux, kuxin, 

(on bread): kux vaj, 

mUdew in wine: kux chi', 

'ip kux, 

free native to mountainous region: ba-vitzil 

te'. 

with many nodes: 'akantUc. 

but'ul tz'i'leltik. 

'abnaltUc, jobeltik, lo'bajeb chij, lo'bajebal, 

lo'ob, lo'ob chij, voymoltik. 

(beans, chilis, cotton, flowers, fruit): tul. 

fruit pit: bek'. 

chUc'bU xuch'. juybil xuch'. xuch'. 

tenlej. 

appearance of plants: ch'iel, 

plant stem (when sturdy): te'el, 

xuch', 

(plant, person, free): kux. 

(free or plant): lup. 

tok'on. 

become ripe: ta ta'ajel. 

matz'ub. ta'aj. 

on tiie free (figs or otiier fmit): matz'ub la te'. 

ripen on tiie free: matz'ub ta te'el. 

root lake root 'ibelub. 'iben, tzak lum. 

take root (plant): 'isimay. 

rope bark rope: 'ak'. 

grass rope: ch'ajnuybil jobel, ch'ojon jobel. 

sap 'a'lel, 

sawdust ch'uch'iU. 

seed bek'. tz'unbal, tz'unubil, 

kind of seed: nin, 

seed bed: j-t'abal, j-t'ob, 

seedling 'ol tz'unubil, iz'imubil, 

fransplanted seedUng: j-tek tz'unubU, 

shade (free): 'oy nak'abU, 

place with shade provided by branches: 

'axibal 'abnal, 

shady shady grove: ti' nanatikil te'tUc, 

sUp tz'unbal te', tz'unubU 'ol te'. 

smoke (firewood): 'ik'-baltay. 

spiny ch'ixal. 

splinter ch'uch'ul te', jatalul. 

split (firewood, wood): jat jav. 

spongy spongy wood: pok'ol te'. 

sprig k'obte'. 

sprout 'unenal. 'unenal nich. k'exbon, k'exbonaj, 

k'exlomaj. lok', lup, ni', ni'in, tuk, yijub. 

(plant): lok' k'exbon. 

(when partiy grown): lok' te'el. 

sprouted tzakal, yijU. 

sprouting ch'ixil. 

(seedling): buchul. 

stem fmit stem: 'uxub, tzakleb. 

sfraw jobel. 

stump chuman te'. 

sucker k'exbon. 

produce suckers (free): k'ex, k'exbonaj. 

thatch sik'av, sUc'ay. 

(for houses, with a rather wide leaf): 'anal 

jobel. 

thicket tz'i'leltik, voymoltUc. 

thorn ch'ixal. 

thorny thorny place: ch'ixtik. 

free te'. 

dead free: taki-te'. 

thorny free: ch'ixal te'. 

free tmnk (with its branches): muk'ta te'el. 

frunk and branches: bakel te', 

unripe tze, tzeel. 

vine 'ak'. 

wasteland freeless wasteland: mo 'oyiUc te' yo' 'oy, 

naka jobeltik. 

weed voymol. 

(weedy place): tz'i'lel 'osil, tz'i'leltUc. 

weeding plants removed by weeding: 'ak'in. 
502 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

wild wild fhiil: 'abnaltUcil lo'bol. 

wUderness uninhabited wUderness: te'lUc. 

wither (plant or reed): 'akanij. 

wood te'. 

green wood: yaxal si', yaxal te'. 

hard wood: tzatzal te', yijil te'. 

wood dust: joch'. joch' te', 

woods te'tUc, 

5.A. WUd plants, frees, vines 

acorn 

amaranth 

artichoke 

blackberry 

borage 

brasUwood 

cedar 

clover 

cochineal 

cypress 

decorate 

fennel 

fungus 

grass 

juniper 

laurel 

magnoUa 

mallow 

moss 

mushroom 

oak 

palm 

palmetto 

pepper 

pine 

pinon 

chochob. 

tz'ul 'itaj. 

yaxal jobel, yaxal lo'bol chij. 

makum. 

ch'ixal 'itaj. 

chak-te'. 

(witii a bigger leaf, lighter wood and 

reddish): ch'u te'. 

small-leaved cedar: k'isis. 

frebol. 

cochineal cactus: ch'ieb ch'uj, te'el ch'uj. 

'ok'U te', nukul pat 

decorate with pine needles: 'ak' xak-toj, 

'otes xak-toj. 

wild fennel: batz'i tzitz, tzilz. 

fungus that grows on frees: cheche, sak-'itaj. 

jobel, si'vUon. 

k'uk' toj. 

tzis chauk. 

very fragrant heart-shaped flower: 'olonton 

nichim. 

pak' chak 'abnal. 

Spanish moss: tzon te'. 

yuy. 

poisonous mushroom: yuy chauk. 

yeUow mushroom: mana 'ok. 

chUcin 'ib, tulan. 

evergreen oak: tulan. 

large-leaved oak: boch •ji tulan. boch jay 

tulan. 

oak forest: chikin 'iblUc. tulanlUc. 

small-leaved oak: tzo' tulan. 

xan. 

palm grove: xantik. 

palm witii round fmits: nap. 

xan. 

pepper weed: pich'. 

tel toj. ten toj, toj. 

pine forest: tojtik. 

pine needle: xak-toj, 

pine resin: xuch' toj. 

pine torch: xuch'al toj. 

castiUan toj. 

reed 

rope 

msh 

seaweed 

soapweed 

thistie 

thorn 

torch 

tmffle 

turpentine 

vine 

willow 

piiion nut: lo'balal castUlan toj, lo'balal toj. 

sat toj. 

'aj, chanib. 

(witii which they make petates): puj. 

reed field: 'ajtUc, ch'ieb 'aj. 

rope made of free bark: k'am-xoch'. 

(witii which they make petates): •Hi'it. 

lam Ho'. 

ch'upak'. 

ch'ix, ch'ixal 'itaj. 

thistie slock: tomal. 

sak-ch'ix. 

pine torch: tzajal toj, japbalal toj. 

xk'abis toj, yuy. 

small tmffle: mana 'ok. 

xuch' toj. 

round vine: t'ut' 'ak'. 

tok'oy. 

willow grove: tok'oytUc. 

5.B. Cultivated plants, frees, vines 

apple 

avocado 

bean 

botii 

bunch 

cabbage 

cherry 

chUi 

cocoa 

corn 

castiUan potov. 

'on, lo'balal 'on. 

avocado free: te'el 'on. 

chenek'. 

broad bean: castillan chenek'. 

broad bean field: chabal castUlan chenek'. 

(long objects as bananas, flutes): cha'-ch'ixU. 

(bananas, dales, grapes): j-choj, j-lUc 

coles. 

cabbage stock: te'el coles, tomal. 

head: baloj ba coles. 

chbc-te'. 

'ich. 

cocoa pod: pat kokov. 

counterfeiting of cocoa beans: p'isel ta 

kokov. 

'ixim. 

attachment point of corn kernel or attachment 

stem of ear of corn: 'uxub 'ixim. 

corn husk: jojoch'. 

corn stalk: vale'. 

corn stubble: k'ajben. 

corn that matures in sixty days: 'ox-vinik 

k'in 'ixim. 

dry ear of corn: vojton. 

ear of corn (when the kernels are beginning 

lo develop): yi batel. 

ear of corn (when the kernels are large and 

soft): 'ajan. 

ear of young corn (milky witii undeveloped 

kernels): yi. 
NUMBER 31 503 

painted corn: tz'ibal 'ixim. 

rainy season corn: Ho'tikil 'ixim. 

summer corn: k'ak'altikil 'ixim, k'ak'altikU 

'osil 'ixim. 

white corn: sakU •ixim. 

corncob 

cotton 

diU 

early 

early-fmiting 

fennel 

fig 

flax 

fmit 

garden 

garUc 

gourd 

grape 

green 

henequen 

hold 

hollow 

jasmine 

leaf 

leek 

lentil 

lettuce 

lily 

lime 

(after it has been sheUed): bakal, baklej 

•ixim. 

tux-nok'. 

card cotton: sivuj. 

clean and pick cotton: sivuj. 

tzitz. 

be early (fmiting): ba'yi . 

(figs, quinces, etc.): ba'yi nach'el. ba'yitajel. 

castiUan tzitz. 

higos. 

lino. 

fresh fmit: *ach' lo'bol. 

flower garden: nichimtik. 

ajos. 

tzu. 

water gourd (half gourd): 'uch'ob Ho'. 

wine gourd: 'uch'ob chi'. 

tz'usub. 

grapevine: 'ak'U tz'usub. 

grapevine prop: xok'. xok'U. 

grapevine mnner: 'ak'il tz'usub. 

grapevine stock: te'el tz'usub. 

main tmnk of tiie grapevine: muk'ta 'ibel 

tz'usub. 

unripe grape: tzeel tz'usub. 

(corn. ete. that is not dry or weU-cured): yox 

to. 

green again (grain field, grass): yax-balan. 

yax-k'utan. 

henequen fiber: chi. 

henequen fiber (counting): j-lik chi. 

hold upright a handful in one's fist (beans. 

corn, untied object): mich'. 

peach pit or almond whose nut has shmnken: 

potz'om. 

jazmin, nichim. 

(beans, squash, melons): jav 'anal. 

cabbage leaf: 'anal coles. 

leek leaf: 'anal tuix. 

lettuce leaf: 'anal lechuga. 

castiUan tuix, puerro, tuix. 

bUc'tal chenek', castUlan chenek', castiUan 

pech'pech'. 

lechuga. 

lettuce leaf (counting): j-lUc 'anal lechuga. 

young lettuce: 'alab lechuga, bUc'tal lechuga. 

pech'e-'ok castillan nichim, pech'e-'ok nichim. 

lime free: te'el limones. 

sweet Ume free: te'el Umas. 

linseed 

maguey 

melon 

mint 

mulberry 

mustard 

node 

olive 

onion 

orange 

orchard 

parsley 

peach 

pear 

pepper 

pick 

pineapple 

plum 

pomegranate 

potato 

quince 

radish 

raisin 

red 

redden 

rhubarb 

ripen 

rose 

rosemary 

me 

single 

skin 

small 

smash 

sow 

split 

bek' lino, sat Uno. 

chi. 

maguey fiben j-jU chi. 

castil Ian ch'um, mefron. 

melon patch: castiUan ch'umtUc, chabal 

castiUan ch'um. 

castiUan tuil nichim. 

castiUan makum. makum saya-Hun, sat 

saya-Hun, 

mulberry free: saya-Hun. te'el makum. 

mostaza. 

sugarcane node: 'akan vale'. 

aceituna. 

olive free: te'el aceite. 

string of onions: tz'isbU tuix. 

naranjas. 

orange peel or rind: pat naranja. 

orange free: naranjo, te'el naranjas. 

'av tz'unbaltik, 'av tz'unubU. 

perejU. 

parsley sauce: juch'bil perejil. 

durasnos. 

peras. 

pear free: peras, te'el peras. 

especies. 

(beans, chilis, cotton, flowers, fmit): tul. 

pick out or up (as when they pick up grains 

on the ground): tam. 

jolom paxak'. 

po'on. 

plum free: po'on. 

castiUan makum, granada. 

pomegranate free: granado. 

'is-ak'. 

membrillo. 

quince free: te'el membriUo. 

rabanos. 

k'ibU tz'usub, taktii tz'usub. 

(chUi or blood): chak-loman. 

(chUi or blood): chak-lomtay. 

mibarbo. 

on tiie free (figs or other fmit): matz'ub ta te'. 

ch'ixal luchim, nich rosa, rosa. 

rose honey: pamal rosa. 

romero. 

mda. 

single cabbage or lettuce leaf: j-liklik. 

(grape, onion when very thin): k'u'. 

skin (onion, snake): patil. 

(cocoa, corn, peach, grains): matz'matz'. 

(eggs, avocados): t'us. 

(wheat): p'up'un. 

split open (cotton, ripe pomegranate): jam. 

tuk. 
504 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

Spongy spongy quince: pok'ol membriUo. 

squash (1) (a kind lUce a melon): ch'um. 

(large and long): maU. 

squash (2) (figs): t'us. 

string (garlic): tz*isbU tube, j-jil ajos. 

(garlic, onions): choj, ch'ajnuybU tube, j-jil. 

(onions): jilbil tuix. 

sugarcane vale', 

turnip nabo. 

long turnip: juljiU nabo. 

round turnip: volvol nabo. 

vegetable 'itaj. 

vegetable pateh: j-t'abal. j-t'ob, t'abal 'itaj. 

vineyard Iz'usubtik. 

walnut nuez. ton bek'. 

wheat castiUan 'ixim. 

wheat chaff: baklel castillan 'bcim. 

wheat chaff (smaU): jojoch' castiUan 'ixim. 

wheat tassel: vajton, vajton castUlan 'ixim. 

6. Animals 

animal ensnared animal: yokil. 

in reference to animals: j-kot. 

both (animals): cha'-kotol, 

deformed be deformed (person, animal): xi'benaj ba, 

dismount 'olan, yal. 

ferocious bolom, k'ok'. 

frightful be frightful (person, animal): xi'benaj ba. 

goiter (in animals): sit nuk'. 

human vinUc. 

instinct talel. 

join join togetiier (two or three objects, people. 

animals): lotoj ba. 

pafr in pafrs (animals): cha'cha'-kot. 

person vinik. 

sfrangled animal or person being sfrangled: mUoj. 

sfrangled animal or person: mUben. 

sfrong (animal): 'ip'ip. 

take lake live animals: 'ik' batel, 

tall (creatures): nat 'akan. 

tame •kojem, laan, 

become lame: 'ech' 'olonton, •kojib, laanej, 

sUcub 'olonton. 

lameness laanU. 

terrible be terrible (person, animal): xi'benaj ba. 

tether tzoy. 

ugly be ugly (person, animal): xi'benaj ba. 

untamed 'ach' to. 

6.A. Mammals 

6.A.I. Wild mammals 

blUTOW 

coatimundi 

coyote 

deer 

doe 

elephant 

flower 

fox 

gopher 

hole 

jaguar 

kinkajou 

lion 

monkey 

mouse 

nest 

peccary 

porcupine 

rabbit 

skunk 

squirrel 

stag 

weasel 

ch'en, na. 

rabbit burrow: ch'en t'ul, mukeb t'ul, mukleb. 

koktom, 

•ok'U. 

chij. 

j'inam. 

elefante chij. 

flower painted lUce a tiger with the image of 

a dragon inside: 'utz'ob bolom, 

'ajval tuliUc', vet 

ba, 

gopher mound: bus ba. 

hole gnawed by a mouse: k'uxben ch'o. 

bolom, onza. 

'uyuj. 

mountain lion: tzajal bolom. 

max, •xch'iv. 

howler morUcey: batz*. 

long-tailed monkey: max. 

field mouse: nap ch'o. 

rabbit nest na t'ul, 

chak-chitom, te'tUcil chitom, voymoltikil 

chitom, 

ch'ixal chitom. 

t'ul. 

young rabbit 'ol t'ul, bik'tal t'ul, 

pooy, poyoy, 

chuch, 

chij. 

'ajval tuluk'. saben. 

black weasel: 'Uc'al saben. 

brown weasel: tzajal saben. 

6,A,2, Domestic mammals 

bull 

cat 

cattie 

colt 

cow 

cmdance 

dog 

bal 

beast 

sotz'. 

ferocious beast: bolom. 

xinch'ok vacas, xinch'okU vakax. 

ferocious buU: k'ak'al vacas. 

young bull: kelem vacas. 

young buU or ox: 'ach' vacas. 

gato, misto. 

vacas. 

grazing cattie: lo'obtasbil chij. 

herd of cattie: j-tek tzobbilej vacas. 

'ol cabaUo, ch'iom caballo. 

vacas. 

cow or mare, etc. that has given birth: 

'alnom. 

ferocious cow: k'ak'al vacas. 

bik'tal tz'i'. 

make dance (cat): 'ak'otan. 

tz'i'. 

angry dog: k'ak'al tz'i'. 

dangerous or monsfrous dog: labal tz'i'. 

partridge dog: jle-'ub, jle-kuich', jlUcesej-

'ub, jlikesej-kuich'. 
NUMBER 31 505 

ewe 

fiUy 

flock 

greyhound 

heifer 

herd 

horse 

sheep dog: jchabi tux-nok' chij tz'i'. 

doggishness tz'i^U. 

donkey asna. 

young donkey: *ol asna. 

•antzU tux-nok' chij. 

ewe that has given birth: 'alnom tux-nok' 

chij, tux-nok' chijil 'alnom. 

tzeb cabaUo. 

(cattie): 'ep ta kot 

flock of horses: 'epal cabaUo. 

flock of sheep: 'epal tux-nok' chij. 

'ipal j'anil-tz'i', bakbak tz'i'. 

*ol vacas, bUc'tal vacas. 

j-tzob, j-tek, j-tos. 

herd by herd: tasaltasal, tekeltekel. 

cabaUo. chij, 

angry horse (tiiat bares its teeth): k'ak'al 

cabaUo. 

small horse: bik'tal caballo. 

sfrong horse: yijil cabaUo, 

hound tz'i', 

lamb ch'iom tux-nok' chij. 

mare 'antzU cabaUo. 

mule chij. mula. 

ox chij. 

young ox: kelem vacas, 

pig chitom. 

suckUng pig: 'ol chitom. bUc'tal chitom. 

pony kelem caballo. 

puppy bik'tal tz'i'. 

sheep carneros. chij. 

fat sheep: vak'ak'et tzotzU tux-nuk' chij. 

sheepdog tz'i' chabiomal tux-nok' chij, 

sow sow that has given birth: •alnom chitom, 

StaUion mulav caballo, nich'naj cabaUo, 

breeding staUion: mulav caballo. nich'naj 

cabaUo. 

horse that takes mares: japivan cabaUo. 

thin very thin (miUe): jay-lichan. 

6.B, Bfrds 

6,B.l. Wild bfrds 

bald 

bfrd 

cmmble 

curassow 

dove 

(parrot, person): pispis. 

mut 

big bfrd: muk'ta mut. 

bfrd nest: na mut. 

hunting bfrd (generic term): jIUcvanej-mut. 

little bfrd: bik'tal mut. 

wading bird (generic term): Ha'al mut. 

cmmble with the fingers or as partots 

cmmbling bread into large cmmbs or 

small pieces: sesen. 

great curassow: j'is. 

stzu. 

duck 

eagle 

egret 

falcon 

flock 

grackle 

gyrfalcon 

hawk 

kite 

macaw 

nightingale 

owl 

parakeet 

parrot 

partridge 

pigeon 

quail 

raven 

solitary 

stork 

swallow 

warbler 

'umum, castillan 'umum, patox. 

t'iv. 

sak-'ichi. 

baby egret 'ol sak-'ichi. 

baby or young egret bik'tal sak-'ichi. 

young egret ch'iom sak-'ichi. 

jun xulub, xUc, yax-liklUc. Hov. Hov xik. 

tos. 

flock of bfrds: j-tasal. 

boat-tailed grackle: bak mut 

xik. Hov xik. 

me' kotz. 

xik. Hov xik. 

mo'och. 

'utzil j'ok'el mut misenor. 

(smaller than a great-horned owl): xoch'. 

great horned owl: 'ichin. 

screech owl: yax-Uklik. 

xch'el. 

•'ova. chak-pan. 

(smaller than a macaw, larger than a par 

akeet): puyuch'. 

(the common ones that talk): k'an-mut 

kuich'. 

large partridge: 'ub. 

young partridge: 'ol *ub. 'ol kuich'. 

xch'ach'ak. 

kuich'. 

(as those in Spain): joj. 

(bfrd): koticot. tuktuk. 

solitary bfrd: juyinom mut. 

sak-'ichi. 

xjaval 'ek'en. 

jch'ikelel. 

(bfrd): j'ok'el. 

6,B.2. Domestic bfrds 

blind blind chicken: 'Uc'al moy tuluk'. ma'-sat 

tuluk'. 

broody be broody (hen): k'an patiej. 

chick 'ol tuliUc'. 

hateh chicks: vok'es 'alab. 

chicken castiUan mluk'. 

blind chicken: mo k'ot sat tuluk'. 

cluck t'okt'onet. 

(hen): kokkonet 

droppings chicken droppings: tzo' tuluk'. 

goose 'umum. castUlan 'umum, castillan vinUc 

pato, patox. 

hen 'antzU tuluk'. tuluk'. 

laying hen: tonin tuluk'. 

pullet tzebal tuluk'. ch'iom mluk'. 

rooster jkotz, xinch' ok tuluk'. 

young roosten 'anil jkotz, ch'iom kelem, 

ch'iom jkotz. 
506 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

6.C. Amphibians and reptUes 

crocodUe 

fer-de-lance 

frog 

iguana 

lizard 

pollywog 

rattlesnake 

serpent 

snake 

snakebite 

toad 

turtie 

'ain. 

jchan 'ut ni' chon. 

'amoch, ch'uch', jenjen, •tulul. 

(tiiat tiiey eat): 'inatab. 

'okotz. 

x'avob. 

'ajav chon. 

chon. 

chon. 

water snake: 'uk'umal chon. 

be poisoned by snakebite: tz'ot la chon 

chon, jenjen, pokok, •tulul. 

aquatic turtie: 'ok. 

land turtle: kok. 

6.D. Fish, cmstaceans, shellfish 

crab 

eel 

fish 

fresh 

oyster 

pearl 

shrimp 

snaU 

frout 

yox. 

chon choy. 

choy, vinik choy. 

bony fish: ch'ixal choy 

fresh fish: yaxal choy. 

(fish, cheese): yox. 

k'o' choy. 

'utzil ton, jalal ton. 

tzajal choy. 

large shrimp: jit. 

puy. 

tz'i' choy. 

6.E. Insects and spiders 

ant 

apiary 

bedbug 

bee 

butterfly 

xinich, 

ant mound: bus xinich. 

ant nest: na xinich. 

arboreal ant: bak xinich. 

army ant: ba te'. 

leaf-cutter ant (that does much damage to 

frees and plants): k'is. 

leaf-cutter ant mound: bus k'is. 

'ilob pomtUc, te'el pomtUc. 

•'uk, pcx:h'. 

(best species): 'aja-pom. 

(generally): chanul pom. 

(other kind): 'antzU pom. 

beautiful metalUc green bee: xyax-'ich. 

large bee: Honon. 

swarm of bees: 'epal pom. 

(general term): pepen. 

green butterfly eaten by the Indians: tz'unun 

pepen. 

large spotted butterfly: xjojoch' pepen. 

caterpiUar 

chigger 

cicada 

cobweb 

cochineal 

cricket 

flea 

fly 

gnat 

grasshopper 

gmb 

honey 

honeycomb 

leech 

lightning 

locust 

louse 

louseridden 

maggot 

mosquito 

motii 

nit 

nitridden 

remove 

scarab 

scorpion 

scratch 

shoo 

silkworm 

spider 

sticky 

swarm 

tick 

wasp 

weevil 

woodborer 

chanul, chon, xuvit. 

'ochem ch'ak. 

xikilin. 

na 'om. 

bon, ch'uj. 

cochineal cactus: ch'ieb ch'uj, te'el ch'uj. 

covered with cochineal bugs: pim ch'uj, toj 

ch'ujch'ujtik. 

chU. 

ch'ak. 

Ho. 

fly that oxen drive away: xkoch. 

large fly: Honon. 

'us. 

(small l(x:ust): p'ilix. 

corn gmb: chanul 'ixim. 

pamal nichim, pom. 

chabil pom. 

ch'ich' liUcum. 

large lightning bug: •yamal. 

lightning bug: kiUcay. 

(that is eaten): k'ulub. 

'uch'. 

crab louse: 'atil 'uch', 'atU chon, chanul 'atil. 

na 'uch'. 

horsefly maggot xuvit koch. 

maggot infesting meat, cheese, etc.: xuvit 

swell from maggots: xuvitan. 

xenen. 

mosquito net: mak 'us, mak xenen, nail pok'. 

clothes moth: chanul pok', k'ux-pok'. 

tzo' 'uch'U, tzo' uch'. 

natzo' 'uch'. 

be nitridden: toj 'ip tzo' 'uch'. 

remove chiggers, mites, or thorn from one's 

flesh: luch. 

Ho, Honon. 

tzek. 

scratch with one finger as when they hunt 

lice: mix, mixulan. 

shoo flies: yo 'us, yo Ho. 

'om, 'om seda. 

chon. 

small spider: 'om. 

spider that spins in the forests and whose 

webs seem Uke yellow siUc: xna 'om. 

(birdlime, honey): nap'ap'. 

swarm of honeybees: tzobol 'aja-pom. 

sip. 

brown wasp that nests in frees: xux. 

large brown wasp: k'ak'al 'at. 

wasp with terrestiial nest: muum. 

joch'. 

joch'. 
NUMBER 31 

worm 

wormeaten 

lukum. 

worm infesting meat, cheese, ete,: xuvit. 

joch'. 

become wormeaten: joch'ib, joch'in. 

6.F. Body parts 

beak 

biU 

bristie 

chin 

cloven-fool 

cloven-footed 

cockscomb 

comb 

crest 

crown 

dewlap 

dishorned 

down 

egg 

fearsome 

feather 

find 

fishbone 

fishscale 

flank 

gizzard 

grease 

gristie 

hafr 

hide 

hoof 

horse 

horsehafr 

ivory 

leg 

mane 

pelt 

penis 

ni' mut, ti' mut 

ni' mut, ti' mut 

new bristies: k'un tzotzU. 

pig's bristie: tzotzUal chitom. 

pig's double chin: kutz'om nuk' chitom. 

voy. 

'oy voy, loch'ol voy. 

tzalub. 

comb of hen: tzalub. 

have a comb: 'oy tzalub. 

feather crest butzuy. 

have feather crest 'oy butzuy. 

feather crown: nit-ba k'uk'um. 

rooster's dewlap: ch'ut jkotz, lokom jkotz. 

t'ijt'ij. 

k'un tzotzil. 

ton. 

chicken egg yoUc: k'anal ton tuluk'. 

egg sheU: pat ton tuluk'. 

egg white: sakil ton tuluk'. 

egg yoUc: k'anal ton mut. 

nest egg: 'ilobil, toninab. 

rotten egg: k'a'al ton tuliUc'. 

be fearsome (animal's or human's horrifying 

face or appearance): xi'benaj ba. 

k'lUc'um. 

fledged with very small or young feathers: 

'ajU k'uk'um. 

(lost object as money, featiiers): tam, tamolaj. 

bakel choy, ch'ix choy. 

sol. 

'o'U, xokonil. 

cho'U, chukleb ve'el. 

'it'it'ul, k'an-'ixmal. 

animal grease: k'an-'ixim. 

'unen bakel, k'unil bakel. 

goat hafr: tzotzU 'isim chij, tzotzil tentzun. 

nukulal. 

(as of a horse): sepsep 'ok. 

horse's forelock: j-yom tzotzil. 

tzotzilal caballo. 

'e elefante chij. 

leg of animal: 'o'U. 

bonok'il. 

nukulal. 

bull penis: 'at xinch'ok vacas. 

plume 

pull 

quarter 

quiU 

sheU 

skin 

skinned 

smash 

snake 

snout 

sponge 

tail 

udder 

wing 

wool 

6.G. 

bristiing 

butt 

chew 

coU 

comb 

crest 

curl 

ear 

egg 

feather 

fledge 

gnat 

507 

k'uk'. 

pull out (hafr, feathers): tul. 

four quarters (mutton): chan-jechel, chanjekel. 

quarter of a sheep: j-jech, j-jek. 

tz'ibajebal k'uk'um, jotzbU k'uk'um, jomjom 

k'uk'um, k'uk'um. 

patil. 

animal skin: niUcul chij. 

skin (onion, snake): patil. 

skinned article: cho'ben. 

(eggs, avocados): t'us. 

snake poison: kola'al 'e chon. 

snake skin: niUcul. 

(as of a pig): pech' 'e, pech' ti'. 

have a snout: pech'el ti'. 

pok'-ton. 

(of an animal): neal, neU. 

(cow, sow): bek'tal chu', chu'. 

xUc'. 

bfrd's wing stripped of feathers: xik'. 

tux-nok' chij. 

card wool: sivu tux-nok' chij. 

coarse wool: tzatzal tux-nok' chij. 

merino wool: k'un tux-nok' chij, k'unU 

tux-nok' chij. 

sheep's wool: tzotzU chij, tzotzil tux-nok' 

chij. 

Arrion<; 

daa^ LLKJllj 

(cat): la tz'ablej. 

(rams, cows): xulbay ba. 

chew or gnaw (as clothes motiis or mice eat 

clothing): k'ux. 

coU up (snake): xot ba. 

grow a comb: 'ayan tzalub. 

grow feather crest 'ayan butzuy. 

cifrl up (as do some caterpillars or bugs when 

touched): tzub ba. 

flap one's ears (when they are so large they 

flap lUce leaves or when dogs shake tiiefr 

ears): lechlonet 

iwiteh one's ears (when tiiey are so large 

they flap like leaves or when dogs shake 

thefr ears): much'monet. 

animal that is laying eggs: toninom, jtoninom. 

lay an egg: tonin. 

set on eggs: patey. 

make feathers stand on end (chicken): 

tz'abub. 

ch'i k'uk'umal, lok' k'uk'um. 

gnat tiiat gets in one's eyes: lo'lo'. 
508 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

gnaw (as clothes moths or mice eat clotiiing): k'ux. 

(as dogs with a bone): nulUan. 

graze lo'baj, lo'ov. 

grow have dog's hafr grow back: pukin tzotzilal 

tz'i'. 

gmnt (pig): jokjonet. jokjonet ni'. 

hafr make hafr stand on end (cal): tz'abub. 

hatch 'och. 'oy vinik. 

hatehed patiebinbil. 

be hatehed: 'oy vinkilel. 

honey make honey (bees): paman. 

howl (dog): 'ok', 

mate (bfrds): tek' ba. 

(horses, dogs): kuch ba. 

moimt (mating animals, dogs, horses): lut'Uj muyel. 

ta lotz'el kuch ba, 

neigh 'i'onet ta 'ok'el. 

nest pas pech'ech'. 

make a nest 'ean tzo'op, naiv, 

pant 'ajulan, 

panting 'ajulanel, 

pecked •t'ojoltik. 

puffed puffed up (chicken): ta tz'ablej, 

restiess be restiess (horse): bak'es ba. ti' ba. 

restiess horse: jbak'el-cabaUo. 

mminate pach' ti'. 

run mn hard (deer, horse. buU): kuchoj ba 'anil, 

setting (bird): patal. 

shrink (as some kinds of caterpillars or gmbs do 

when they are touched): mutz ba. 

sin sin persistentiy (as a stubborn or shameless 

dog): tz'i'il-miUav. 

sing (bfrd, frog): 'ok', 

skin change one's skin (snake): soUn. 

grow new skin (person, horse): soUn. 

sound sound of horses urinating: chojet, ch'itet, 

t'ojet 

stand stand still (animal): kotaj. 

stand still (deer, horse): ch'an-chi kotol. 

stop (animal): kotaj. 

stung badly stung: ti'bentUc. 

sucking (animal): chu'nom. 

swallow swallow whole as chickens swallow corn: 

bil. 

swarm busbon, tik'ton. 

swarm of honeybees: tzobol •aja-pom. 

wag wag one's taU: ne'ulan ne, nikulan ne, 

tutzUan ne. 

waUc waUc on four legs: kotey, kotol. 

waUow balalij, balalijebal, balan ba ta 'ach'el, 

balch'un ba, balch'un ba la 'ach'el, ch'ay 

ta 'ach'el, mul ta 'ach'el. 

waUowing mulel. 

waUowing in mud: ch'ayel. 

warble 

warm 

whinny 

wind 

'ok'. ch'Ucet 

warm self by the ffre as do people or animals: 

k'atin. 

'i'onet, 'i'onet 'ok', 'i'onet ta 'ok'el. 'i'onetel. 

wind around (snake): k'amam. 

7. Humans 

7.A. Body parts. See also movement 9. 

adam 

ankle 

anus 

arm 

armpit 

back 

backbone 

beard 

beUy 

body 

braid 

breast 

buttocks 

calf 

cheek 

chest 

chin 

ear 

elbow 

eye 

eyelash 

eyelid 

face 

finger 

fist 

flesh 

fontanel 

foot 

forearm 

forefinger 

forehead 

foreleg 

forelock 

hafr 

hand 

adam's apple: 'avanabil, p'okan nuk'U, 

vukvukil, 

•mokolU, 

chakil, sot'ot'il, 

k'obU, 

lotz'opU, 

patil, 

tz'akav patil, 

'isim, 

tzukutzil, ch'utU. ch'utul, me' tzo'U, me' 

pulom Ho', 

beUy button: mixUc'il, 

takupalil, 

chukobil jolol, ch'al jol, ch'alobU tzotzU jol, 

ch'alobil jol, ti' pok', 

chu'ul, na 'olontonU, 

chak. chakU. naklebal, patU, 

calf of the leg: tzo' 'okil. 

cho. 

ni' 'olontonil, 

kolomU. 

chikinil, 

xuk'ubil, 

satU, 

pupU of the eye: maxil satil. 

tzotzil satil. 

k'u' satU, pak'al satil. 

'elovil. bail, satU. 

'ol k'ob. 

middle finger: 'o'lol k'ob. 

voloj k'obil. 

bek'tal, mo 'oyuk bakel. 

'a'alU. 

'okil. 

(venfral surface): ch'ut k'obil, 

ch'utub, 

ti' bail, 

k'obU. 

j-mich' tzotzU, 

tzon tzotzU, 

(head): tzotzil, tzotzil jol, tzotzilal, tzotzilal 

jol, 

pubic hafr: tzisanU. 

k'obU, 

left hand: tz'et k'obU, tz'et k'obol. 
NUMBER 31 509 

haunch 

head 

heel 

hindpart 

hip 

jaw 

joint 

knee 

knuckle 

lap 

limb 

lip 

loin 

moutii 

nape 

navel 

neck 

nipple 

nose 

penis 

pupU 

rib 

sexual 

shoulder 

side 

skin 

sole 

temples 

testicle 

tiiigh 

thumb 

toe 

umbilical 

waist 

wrist 

object held in hand: yomoj. 

paUn of tfie hand: pach'omal k'obil. 

right hand: batz'i k'ob, noj k'ob. 

kubU. 

jolol. 

back of tiie head: pat jolol. 

chak 'okil. 

badly cracked (heels): varvuxtUc. 

chakil. 

kubU. 

ko'ovU, kolomil. 

'akan k'ob, tz'akav k'ob. 

with many joints: 'akantik. 

'akanU. 

'akan k'ob, tz'akav k'ob. 

ni' 'olontoiul. 

vinkilel. 

limb by Umb: ju-jun vinkilel, lekojlekoj 

ju-jun vinkilel, tasaltasal vinkilel, yantikyantUc vinkilel. 

pak'al ti'il, ti'U. 

lower Up: 'olon ti'. 

upper Up: 'ak'ol ti'. 

te'el patU. 

big-lipped mouth: ti'. 

nuk'U, te' nuk'. 

mixUc'U. 

niUc*U, te' nuk*. 

fleshy back of the neck: pat chikinil. 

jol chu'. 

ni'U. 

bad odor of one*s nose: tu ni', tuil ni'. 

'atil, xinch*okU bek*tal. 

(poUte term): xinch*oklel. 

(eye): ch*ulel satU. 

ch*elopil. 

male or female sexual parts: k'exlal bek'tal. 

nekebU. 

xokobil, xokon, xokonil. 

left side: tz'et xokon. 

right side: batz'i xokon. 

cho', nukulal. 

tek'obU xonobU. 

sole of foot 'ut 'okil. 

jayal xokon jolol. 

tonUU. 

'o'U, 'okU, 

me' k'ob, me' k*obU. 

*ol 'ok. 

big toe: me' 'ok. 

umbilical cord: mixik'U. 

na 'olontonil. 

nuk' k'obU. 

7.A.1 

bone 

brains 

coccyx 

enfrails 

heart 

innards 

intestines 

kidney 

liver 

lungs 

molar 

nerve 

palate 

placenta 

shinbone 

skull 

Stomach 

sfrong 

teetii 

throat 

tongue 

tootii 

vagina 

windpipe 

womb 

7.B. 

afterbirth 

bleed 

blood 

blocxlied 

bloody 

dung 

ear 

excrement 

menses 

mUk 

mucous 

Internal organs 

bak, bakel. 

bone marrow: chin-bak. chin-bakel, chinbakelal. 

chinamil. 

koj chak. 

sekubU, 

•olal, 'olil, 'olontonil, 

skin covering the heart: k'u' 'olonton, 

sekubU. sot'ot'il, 

bikUU. 

k'in. 

coat of fat around the kidneys: yo' 'oy nap'al 

k'in. 

sekubU. 

sol'ot'U. 

cho'obU, mochU. 

ch'uxuval. 

'ak'ol 'ut 'e. 

k'u'. me' 'olol. 

•pen. •penil, ti' ba •pen, ti' ba •penU, 

bakel jol. jolom. 

tzukutzil. 

pit of the stomach: ni' 'olontonil. 

be sfrong (Uke a bone): ch'ijch'onet 

front teeth: bail. 

'avanabU, nuk'U. 

'ok'U, 

"eal, 

canine tootii: tz'i' 'eal, 

canine tootii (of any animal): tz'utz'up. 

front tooth: jol 'e, 

'antzUel. lu'il, yaxal bek'tal, 

be 'Uc', be 'Uc'al, Hubil. 

'alajebal. 

7.B. Bodily fluids and excretions 

me' 'olol. 

jisulan, jul, kupilan. lok'esbey ch'ich'el. 

ch'ich'. ch'ich'el. 

be stained witii blocxi: 'atin ch'ich', 'atin ta 

ch'ich'. 

serous blood: ch'ich' pojov. 

'atinej ch'ich'. 

be bloodied: baley ta ch'ich'. 

'atinej ch'ich', balem ch'ich'. 

k'a'-'ep. 

ear wax: tzo' chikin. 

human or other: tzo'il. 

ch'ich'. 

woman's milk: chu' 'antz. 

sim, simU. 
510 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

mucous-cov- tom-sim. tomol sim. 

ered 

phlegm 'obal. 

pulse ch'ich'. 

pus k'a'al, pojov, pojoval. 

squeeze out pus: pitz' lok'el pojov. 

red (chUi or blood): chak-loman. 

redden (chUi or blood): chak-lomtay. 

saliva tubU. 

scab (witii pus): chin, 

scabby (with pus): chinchintUc. 

shit (bad word): tzo', tzo'il. 

person covered with shit jtza'nel, jtza'nom. 

spit tubU. 

spittie lUcokil. 

stinking (as some meats or human sweat): xin. 

sweat chUc'il. 

place where one sweats: chik'inabil. 

chUc'inebal. 

tear 'a'lel satil. 

urine k'abil. 

uterine uterine flux: naka Ho' ch'ich'. 

7.C. Physical characteristics and states. See also aiUnents 

33. 

aUve 

alone 

anger 

bald 

beard 

beardless 

beautiful 

big-beUied 

big-breasted 

big-eared 

big-footed 

big-headed 

big-lipped 

kuxul. 

junjun, juyinom, tuk tuk. 

aU alone: 'ip 'oy tuk, tuktuk. 

with face red with anger: chak-palan ba. 

bajbaj, bajbaj ti' ba, baj ti' ba. tzan-ti' ba. 

tzanal ti' ba, tzantzan ti' ba, tzintzin ti' 

baU. 

(parrot, person): pispis. 

bald person: pik'-jol vinUc. 

begin to grow a beard: 'Uc'-mustay 'isim, 

t'ab 'isim. 

have one's beard turn while: sakub 'isim. 

new growth of beard: ch'ixU 'isim, 

beardless person: pik'-vinik, pik'il vinUc. 

saksak. toj ch'ulul ba. 

pujel ch'ut. puju-ch'ut. pumel ch'ut. pumuch'ut. 

be big-belUed (pregnant woman): benet. 

t'enet. t'uket 

pujel chu', pumel chu'. 

big-breasted woman: jpujel-chu'ul, jpumel 

chu'ul. 

leche-chUcin, pok'-chUcin, pok'o-chikin, velechUcin. 

pumu-'ok. 

vo'o-jol, volo-jol. 

be big-headed (insuU): vo'oel jol. 

big-lipped person: pech'e-ti'. 

big-nosed vo'o-ni', volo-ni'. 

be big-nosed (insult): vo'oel ni', 

bleach bleach one's hafr: k'anubtas tzotz jol. 

blonde k'anal tzotz jol. 

grow blonde: k'anub tzotzil jol. 

blubber-lipped peve-ti'. 

(said as an insult): pevel ti^. 

blue-eyed k'an-kolan satU, yax-kolan satil, 

blue-eyed person: jk'an kolan sat, jyax kolan 

sat, 

callous pimil niUcul, 

calloused (foot, hand): pim-letan, 

chin double chin: kutz'av nuk'. 

closed (eyes): mutz'bil, mutz'ul. 

cowUck tzukutz. 

with a cowlick: tzukumtik. 

crooked- iz'oto-ti'. 

mouthed 

curl mutzib. 

ciu-ly become curiy: mutzepay, mutzib. 

curly-hafred mutzeptUc jol. mutzey jol. mutzulzlUc jol. 

dark-skinned dark-skinned person: 'ik'al vinUc. 

double- kutz'el nuk'. kutz'u-nuk*. kutz'ul nuk'. ta 

chinned kutz'lej nuk'. 

driveling Ho' ti'. 

ear flap one's ears (when they are so large they 

flap lUce leaves or when dogs shake tiieir 

ears): lechlonet 

twiteh one's ears (when tiiey are so large 

they flap like leaves or when dogs shake 

thefr ears): much'monet. 

eyesight 'ilvanab. 

fat 'it'it', 'it'it'ul, k'an-'ixmal, muk', pumumet 

famess muk'ul. 

flat-nosed vo'o-ni'. 

be flat-nosed: pech'el ni', vo'ol ni'. 

footprint 'av 'okil, tek'ben 'ok, tek'leb 'ok. 

giant muk' vinik, t'inel, vatal 'akan. 

hafr white hafr: sak-tzotzU, sakil tzotz. 

with hafr standing on end: ta tzavlej tzotzil. 

with one's hafr torn out jotzbil jol. 

hairy 'ip tzon tzotz, 'ip tzon tzotzil. 

health tzatzal 'osU. 

healthy mo k'aluk, toj 'utz. 

be healthy: 'utz 'a'i ba, tzotz 'osU 'a'i 'u'un, 

kuxul 'osU 'a'i, mo vokoluk. 

be healthy (person): tzotz 'osil 'a'i. 

identification mark of identification: vinajesabU. 

lean lean person: jayal vinik, takin vinik. 

lips blubber lips: ti'. 

littie little person: p'osp'os vinUc. 

mussy mussy or disheveUed hafr: ch'etel tzotzU jol. 

naked •chak-ban. 

nose flat nose: pech'e-ni'. 
NUMBER 31 511 

hawk-nosed: *ju'el ni'. •ju'ju' ni^. •ju^ju^-

•ni^, matz'el ni*. 

plump- vo'o-cho. 

cheeked 

puffed-lipped t'ocho-ti^. 

be puffed-Upped (insult): t'ochel ti'. 

red (bald pate, metal on the forge): chak-lupan. 

(hafr): k'an-tzikan. 

robust miUc' bek'tal, muk'muk' bek'tal. muk'muk' 

takupal, muk'ta bek'tal. 

skinny mo 'oyuk bek'tal. naka bak. naka ch'uxuv, 

naka vuyul bakel. 

skinny person: yaya vinik. 

solitude juyinomal. tuktuk naklej. tuktuk xanbal. 

sparse (white hafrs. poxes on the body): vajal. 

Sfrength 'ip, 'ipajel, bak-julaiul, tzatzubel, tzatzubtasel, yijU, yijubel. 

(man): tzatzal. 

sfrong sfrong person: yijil vinik. 

tickUsh be tickUsh: chikUchikU 'a'i. 

tooUiless tootiiless person: jpUc'pUc', jpuk'um. 

fransform k'atajes, sutejes. 

fransform self: k'ataj. 

fransformed be fransformed: suttzaj, su^'ij. 

ugly be ugly (person, animal): xi'benaj ba. 

have an ugly appearance or face: kolo' ba sat. 

underarm bad underarm odor: tuU lotz'opil. 

weU 'utz. 

be weU: 'utz 'oy. 

white-hafred be white-hafred: sak jol. 

wrinkle tzu'ib. 

(in the face): tzu'. 

wrinkled tzu'ul, tzu'ulUc, puxuxtik, volUanbU. 

wrinkled in many places: tzu'utik. 

wrinkled old man: tzu'utik sat m(X)l. 

7.D. Posture and position. See also shape 3. 

crookedly sitting crookedly: t'ocht'och. 

face be lying face down: patey. 

be lying face up: javey. 

be set or turned face down: nujey. 

lay face up: javan, 

lying face down: patal, 

lying face up: javal. 

genuflect •kekubaj, •kekuban. 

hand put one's hand over one's heart (inside one's 

shirt): lap k'ob ta k'u'. 

haughtily waUc haughtily: machet. 

kneel kejan ba, kejey. 

make kneel: 'ak* kejluk. 

kneeling •kekub. 

be kneeUng: kejel. 

lie lie down: ta'i. 

lying 

peer 

presence 

prosfrate 

protect 

rise 

nsing 

seat 

seated 

side 

sit 

sitting 

squat 

squatting 

stand 

standing 

StealtiiUy 

support 

tiptoes 

lie down (as in bed): metzey. 

make a person Ue down: metzan, ta'an. 

lying down as in bed: ta'al. 

peer over (sfretching one's neck): nat-nuk'i. 

'ichon, bail, satU. 

do in one's presence: ta sat pas. 

prosfrate self: patan ba, patey. 

(with body or shield): mak-pati. 

muy, muyel. 

rise in order to take out from under: sabaj. 

rise up: va'i. 

act of rising a little: sabajel. 

nakan, naklebal, naklej, •pakal. 

nakal, nakanbU. 

be seated: nakey. 

person seated: nakanej. 

be lying on one's side: tz'e'ey. 

lay on one's side: tz'e'lay. 

lie on one's side: tz'e'lay. 

lying on one's side: tz'e'el. 

sit down: nakey. 

nakal. 

chotey, chotiej. 

make person squat: chotan. 

chotol. 

va'i. 

stand at attention: chan-xuk'. 

stand StUl (person): ch'an-chi va'al. 

stand up: va'i. 

stand up (pole, person): va'an. 

(human): va'al. 

be standing in heavy growth: kujul. 

standing in heavy growth: k'alal. 

standing place: va'leb, 

standing position: va'lej, 

standing there: lum va'al. 

tiptoe StealtiiUy: k'lm-Ut'ovaj, Ut'lonet, lit'ovaj. 

support oneself: 'ipajes ba. 

stand on tiptoes: va'i. 

7.E. BodUy activities 

anger 

arm 

bald 

beat 

beckon 

belch 

birth 

have face redden witii anger: chak-paltay ba. 

redden with anger (face): chak-paltay. 

with one's arms crossed (in idleness): lutz'oj 

k'ob, meyoj k'ob. 

grow bald: bajub ti' ba, tzanub ti' ba, pik'ub 

tzotzil jol. 

beat one's breast: tij ni' 'olonton. 

beckon witii a nod: bech joli 'Uc'. 

keban, kebanil. 

give birth: vinkUaj. 

give birth (woman): 'alaj. 'alan. 
512 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

bite 

blanch 

blink 

blow 

blush 

born 

bow 

bowed 

brandish 

breathe 

calloused 

caress 

chew 

chUl 

chUled 

cold 

color 

come 

conceive 

cover 

deflower 

digest 

driveling 

drown 

drowning 

embrace 

embraced 

energetic 

exhale 

expose 

eye 

face 

jech'. 

blanch from fright: sak-Uktay. sak-lUctay ba. 

have one's face blanched from fright saklUcan ba. 

mUc'mon sat. mik'ulan sat. mutz'ilan sat. 

mutz'monet sat, vik'ulan sat 

Hupan. 

tzajal, tzajub, tzojtzoj 'ayan. 

born of a woman: 'alanbU. 

(head, body): nijan ba. 

bowed over (by someone else): nijanbil. 

(lance): la'ulan, nUculan. 

brandish or shake (lance): velulan, vesulan. 

•'e'et, •'e'onet, •'i'et •'i'onet 

breathe in smoke or perfume: tas 'ik'. 

become calloused: me'in nukuUl, pimub 

nukuUl. 

jax, jaxbey, jaxulan. 

xax. 

chew a lot: xaxulan. 

sUcubes, 

become chUled: sikub. 

feel cold: sUc 'a'i. 

change color (face): tz'i'lej. 

change color or complexion: ch'ay, k'lmkola'aj. 

come lo: kuxol. 

(woman): 'alaj. 

cover one's nakedness: pbc, 

cover with clothing: pix. 

jambey bek'tal, jat 

'et'es ve'el, yal, yales ve'el. 

'ip lUcok, 

jUc'av, 

jUc'avel, 

mey, meylej. 

object or person being embraced: meyoj. 

object or person that was embraced: meyben. 

become energetic: tzatzub 'ok. 

'oban, jak 'Uc'. 

(as when they drink something sour or foul 

smelling and so as not lo perceive the 

odor they exhale): jak 'Uc'. 

exhale on: Habtay. 

expose oneself: vinaj bek'tal. 

close one's eyes: mutz' sat. 

eyes being closed: mutz'oj. 

make a face: bUi-baij. 

make a face at someone: biU-batay. 

make a wry face (with one's eyes): lev sat. 

make a v^ry face (with one's mouth): lev ti'. 

person who makes a face: jbUi-baijel, jbUibatay vanej. 

show in one's face: vinaj ta ba ta sat. 

facial 

fart 

fat 

fatten 

fiUip 

fiight 

frown 

frowning 

gas 

gesture 

grimace 

growl 

hafr 

hawk 

head 

hiccup 

imitate 

inhale 

lick 

lip 

look 

menstmal 

menstmate 

menstmation 

narrow 

nerve 

wry face: biU-baijel, biU-batik. 

facial expression: vinajeb ta sat. 

tzisin. tzisinet. 

fart at ungraciously or mockingly: tzistay. 

person who farts frequentiy: jtzisnom. 

grow fat jup', k'an-'ixmay. muk'ub. 

jup'es, muk'ubes, muk'ubtas. 

t'isluy. t'isluyvanej. 

blanch from fright: sak-pak'tay. sak-pak'tay 

ba. 

•keman sat, kotzan sat. 

fierce frown: pak'al-baijel. 

frown at •kemanbey sat. 

frown fiercely: pak'al-baij, pak'aUn ba. 

look with a frown: kotzan sat k'el. 

be frowning: •kemel sat. 

person who is frowning fiercely: jpak'albaijel. 

produce gas in one's stomach (food): 'u'un 

lUc ch'ut, lik ch'utul. 

gesture with one's hands: bech-k'abay. 

gesture with one's head: bech-joU. 

'ilel 'Uel pasel satU, 'Uel 'ilel p'isel satil, 

tz'e'el satil, sak-^toan satU, sak-^tosan 

salU. 

make grimaces: 'Uel 'ilel k'elay, 'Uel 'ilel 

lok'tay, 'ilel 'ilel p'is, maxU-lok'tay, 

maxil-p'is. 

(stomach): jubet k'ulet. 

have one's stomach growl: ch'o'et 

have one's hafr stand on end: tzavet tzotzil, 

tzavub, potzet tzotzU. 

'oban. 

hawk on: 'obtay, 

toss one's head: sutilan jol, 

xuk'ayvan, xiUc'ayvan ch'ut, xuk'ayvanel, 

xuk'xonel, xuk'xonet, xuk'xonet ch'ut 

imitate or mimic one's gait chanbey 'ok. 

tas 'Uc*. 

butz*. 

(as when tiiey suck a finger or Uck a cup): 

lek*. 

lick one's lips: lek* ni', lek* ti'. 

move one's lips: puch'Uan ti', puch'pon ti'. 

look at whUe frowning or with wrinkled 

brow: tzukan sat k'el. 

look upwards with mouth agape: jam ba ta 

k'elvanej, jol ta k'elanvanej, jol ta k'elel, 

have menstmal period: lok' ch'ich'el 'il. 

'ilomaj. 

'ilomajel, k'un 'isim. 

put hand or finger in narrow place like mouth 

or nose: ch'op. 

have nerves tauten: mutz ba. 
NUMBER 31 

nurse 

pant 

panting 

point 

pulse 

push 

shiver 

shrink 

sign 

smile 

smiUng 

sneeze 

sniff 

snore 

sob 

sobbing 

sound 

spit 

spray 

squint 

stagger 

stop 

sfrengthen 

sfrengthened 

stride 

sfrong 

suck 

sucked 

swallow 

swallowable 

sweat 

tauten 

teetii 

'ak'bey chu', chu'un, chu'untas. 

'ajulan. 

•ajulanel. 

point at or to: ch'utubtay. 

p'ilp'on ch'ich'. 

push in with onfe's feet: tik'. 

k'achk'onet 

shiver from fear or cold: k'achk'on. 

shiver with cold: k'achk'on la sik, telton ta 

sUc. 

(as when being whipped on the back): yak' 

pat 

make a sign (as when they make the sign of 

the cross with thefr fingers or signal to a 

mute): p'is. 

ch'ivet 'e la tze'ej, k'un-tze'in, livet 'e la 

tze'ej. 

smiUng person: jtze'tzonel, jtze'ej, jtze'inel. 

Hat*isan, Hat'isanel. 

'utz"onet, 'utz'i, tas-'Uc'i. 

joljon ni', joljonel ni'U. 

jUc'jon, jik'jonet. 

jUc'jonel, jik'jonetel. 

sound of grinding teeth: jech'et. 

tubin. 

spray with tiie mouth: pumalay. 

(as when they aim a bow and arrow): 

tz'e'-sati. 

nechnon. nUc. va'von. 

(bleeding): mak. paj. 

'och tzatzubeb 'u'un, 'och tzatzubesabU 

'u'un. tzatzubes. tzatzubtas. yijubes. 

be Sfrengthened: 'ipaj. 

lengthen one's stride: xach'. 

become sfrong: tzatzub. yijub. 

become sfrong (sun, rain, wind, chUd): 'ipaj. 

(as when they suck a bone): tz'utz'un. 

(as when tiiey suck thefr fingers or lick the 

bowl): butz'. 

(as when they suck thefr lips after drinking): 

pach' ti'. 

show desfre to suck (baby): tzobtzob tzobilan. 

object being sucked: tz'utz'unej. 

'uch', 'um. 

(chewed object or drink): bik'. 

be easy to swaUow: tak' •umel. 

swallow whole: bik'. 

swallow whole as chickens swallow corn: 

bil. 

be swallowable: 'lunel 'umey. 

lok' chik'. 

(tendons): tzub ba. 

lose or remove one's teeth: puk'um •e. 1 

tiiin 

tifroat 

tickle 

tiptoeing 

tfre 

tfred 

tootii 

fremble 

frembUng 

urinate 

urinated 

urine 

vomit 

waU 

waUer 

waUing 

warm 

warming 

wink 

winking 

wrinkled 

7.E.1 

baU 

break 

cmmble 

cup 

cupped 

fix 

handful 

held 

513 

grow thin (clotiiing, person): jayub. 

clear one's throat: jam nuk'. jeket 

clearing of one's throat jeketel. 

chUciltay. 

k'un-Ut'om. 

tfre out (in pursuit): lubes, yakubes. 

become tfred: lub. 

have new tooth grow in: ch'i ^e, ch'i k'exol 

'e. 

have one's tootii fall out: lUij •e. 

tziltzonet. 

fremble from cold or fright: tziltzon. 

tziltzonel. k'achk'onel. 

k'abin. 

person who urinates: k'abnom, jk'abinel, 

jk'abnel. 

urinate on: k'abtay. 

urinated on: k'abtaybil. 

difficulty in evacuating urine: makel be 

k'abil. 

have difficulty evacuating urine: mak be 

k'abU. 

xen. 

vomit on: xetay. 

'a'onet. 'avan ta 'ok'el. 'i'onet. 

j'a'onetel, j'i'onetel. 

'a'onetel, 'i'onetel. 

warm self: k'ixnaj. 

warm self by the fu-e: k'atin si', 

warm self by the ffre as do people or animals: 

k'atin. 

object used for warming self: k'atimol. 

warming oneself: k'atimol, k'atinel. 

mUc'mon sat, mutz'-sativanej. 

wink at mutz'-sati, mutz'-sativan. 

call by winking: mutz' sati 'ik'. 

become wrinkled: nukulib. 

7.E.I. Manual dexterity 

make into a ball: pis. 

break into pieces with the whole hand: jav. 

break with one's fingers: xut. 

cmmble witii the fingers or as parrots 

cmmbUng bread into large cmmbs or 

small pieces: sesen. 

crumble with the hands: ju'. 

cmmble with the hands (lumps of sugar): 

p'uy. 

cup one's hand (as when we take water): k'et. 

object cupped in tiie hand: k'etoj. 

be able to fix: meltzaj, tojob. 

(candles): yomben. 

object being held in one's hand: mich'oj. 
514 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

hold 

knead 

kneader 

milk 

nimble-handed 

round 

mb 

sculpt 

sculpted 

shape 

sfraighten 

sfring 

stuff 

take 

twist 

whistle 

object held in one's hand: mich'ben. 

hold in the fist: yom. 

hold in the hand: 'Uc. 

biulan, pak'tani, pak'tanij, votz'Uan. 

(dough, clay for pots): vol, volUan. 

(dough, clay for pots, thick objects kneaded 

with the whole hand): votz'. 

knead between the fingers or in hands (smaU 

object, wax): bi. 

knead small object as wax witii the fingers 

or witii just the hands: pich'. 

jpatan-vaj. 

mUk using the forefinger: pitz'. 

milk with the thumb: jisiUan. 

sobtUcsobtUc k'ob. 

make round: pistzan, pisubes, setubes, xotzan. 

xotan, xottzajes, voltzan. 

mb with one's hands: ju'Uan, jusUan. 

sculpt wooden image: ch'oj, joch'. 

object to be sculpted: ch'ojbol. 

'ich' tojol 'u'un, pas, tojobtas. 

sfraighten with one's hands (beam): tojobtas. 

(beads): tz'is. 

stuff in (with the hand): net', net' ta nojesel, 

net'bU nojes. 

take a handful to put down: jopopan. 

(as they twist rope on thefr thighs): bichuy. 

ch'ajnuj, ch'ajnuy. 

between the palms of one's hands: balch'uj. 

balch'uy. 

twist between the fingers: tz'ot 

(made through one's fingers): tz'utz'up. 

whistie (through one's fingers): tz'ulz'upaj. 

7.F. Sleep and wakefulness 

asleep 

awake 

awaken 

blear-eyed 

doze 

dream 

drowsy 

feign 

night 

pretend 

repose 

rest 

faU asleep: laal vayel 'a'i. 

julan, kuxul. 

slay awake all night (unable to sleep): 

ton-sati. 

awaken person: julantas, julay. 

be blear-eyed: pik'ixlUc sat. 

nikav, vayet. 

vayichil, vayichin. 

figure out a dream: nop vayichU. 

be drowsy: ch'ay sat, vayet. 

drowsy person: jlaal-vayel. 

person feigning sleep: jkulU-vayel, jmaxilvayel. 

sit up a whole night: k'el 'ak'abal. 

pretend to sleep: kulU-vay, maxU-vay. 

muibel. 

'ich' 'ip, kol ta lubel. 

(patient): laanej. 

rise 

siesta 

sleep 

sleeper 

sleepiness 

sleeping 

sleepy 

sleepyhead 

snore 

vigU 

wake 

yawn 

be given a rest: tzatzub, muib, nichimaj. 

nichimaj 'osU 'a'i. 

take a rest: 'utzib. 

rise early in the morning: 'ak'abal julay, 'oy 

to 'ak'abal julay, toj 'ik'-luman julay. 

place for taking a siesta: 'et'esab k'ak'al. 

take a siesta: 'et'es 'ipal k'ak'al, 'et'es 

tumuch k'ak'al. 

vay, vayel. 

sleep a long time: yakU-vay. 

sleep a lot: 'ip vay, yakyak vay. 

j'ipal-vayel. 

vayel. 

sleeping person: jvayel, jyakil-vayel. 

be sleepy: cham ta vayel, juch'et vayel la 

sat, tal vayel ta sat, vayel. 

sleepy person: jjik'avel-vayel vinUc, jnikavel. 

j'ipal-vayel, jvayel. 

jolet ni', joletel ni'U. 

julayel. 

'ilel 'ak'abal, julayel. 

wake up: 'a'i ba, julay, kuxol. 

Hayubaj, Hayubajel. 

7.G. Personal hygiene. See also dirt 22E1 and earth IB. 

batii 

batiie 

batiier 

bathing 

bmsh 

cfrcumcise 

clean 

cleanliness 

cleanse 

dfrt 

disheveled 

dungheap 

gargle 

grease 

greasy 

'atimol, 'atinab. 

batii water: 'atimol. 

'atintas. 

(not in a sweatbath): 'atin. 'atin Ho'. 

j'atimol. 

bathing place: 'atinab. 

bmsh one's teeth: josilan 'e. jot'Uan 'eal. 

jos xinch'okil bek'tal. kup nukul xinch'okil 

bek'tal. 

ch'ul, ch'ulbU. ch'ulomaj, pok, pokbil, pokomaj. 

absolutely clean (God): pokpokbil. 

clean by mbbing off (mucous): kusUan. 

clean by mbbing off (mud, or as when tiiey 

remove mucous from their children's 

noses): kus. 

ch'ulel, pokel. 

ch'ul, pok, tojobtas. 

nokoxil. 

(as on old clothes): 'Uc'uyal. 

disheveled hafr: ch'etel tzaval jol. 

with disheveled hafr: ta ch'etiej jol. 

k'a'-'ep. 

pas pox, pas pox pokobil 'eal, pokobil 'eal, 

pox jamobU nuk'. pox pokobU 'eal. 

make gargle: pas pox jamobU nuk'U. 

(as on old clothes): 'ik'uyal. 

'ep 'ik'uyal. noj ta 'ik'uyal, pim 'Uc'uyal. 
NUMBER 31 515 

louseridden na *uch'. 

messy (hafr): tzotz ta tzavlej, ch'a'al, vatzal, 

mucous- tom-sim, tomol sim. 

covered 

nitridden na tzo' 'uch'. 

be nitridden: toj •ip tzo^ 'uch'. 

nose blow or clean one's nose: simtay ni', 

scratch scratch with one finger as when they hunt 

lice: mix, mixulan, 

shit person covered with shit jtza'nel, jtza'nom. 

smudge smudge person's face: t'ab sibak la sat. 

smudge person's hands: t'ab sibak ta k'ob. 

soap 'ak' ch'upak', 'otes ch'upak', 'oy ch'upak', 

ch'upak'. 

soapsuds tzo' ch'upak', vok ch'upak'. 

soapweed ch'upak'. 

soapy be soapy: 'och ch'upak*. 

sweatbath pus. 

person who takes a sweatbatii: pusivU. 

take a sweatbath: pusin. 

teetii bmsh one*s teeth: pokilan 'e. 

clean one's teeth: suk' 'e. 

pick one's teetii: luch 'e, pok 'e, p'ichuy 'e, 

xen 'e. 

tootiipick jotz'ob 'e, jotz'obil 'eal, julobil 'eal, luchiabU 'eal. 

wash wash off (ashes from corn, mud from one's 

knees): sap, sapulan. 

8. Perceptions and sensations 

feel 'a'i. 

8.A. Heat 

breeze 

chUl 

chUled 

cold 

coldly 

cool 

cooled 

coolness 

refreshing breeze: k'un-yaman 'ik'. 

sUcubes, sUcubtas. 

become chUled: sikub. 

sUc, sikU. 

be cold: sUc 'a'i. 

be very cold: cham la sik. 

become cold: sUcub. 

bristie with cold: ch'ix-majtay. 

bristiing with cold: ch'ix-majan. 

feel cold: sik 'a'i. 

make cold: sikubes, sikubtas. 

sUcsik. 

k'un-sUcub, sik, sUcubes, sUcubtas. 

cool off (weather): k'un-sUcub 'osU. 

cool waten k'un-yaman sUcU Ho', 

k'un sik, 

k'un-yamajel. 

refreshing coolness as in the lowlands: 

k'un-yaman sik. 

die 

food 

freeze 

frost 

heat 

healed 

heater 

hot 

ice 

icicle 

lukewarm 

meal 

moderate 

rain 

refreshing 

respite 

shiver 

snow 

stiff 

swealbaUi 

tepid 

tepidness 

fremble 

warm 

warmer 

warming 

die of the cold: cham la sik. 

base or cold food: sik-t'ojol ve'el. 

eat cold food: sUc-t'ojan ve'. 

pat ba. 

'ob, 'ov. 

k'ixnajes, k'ixnay. 

k'ixnaybil. 

warmed: k'ixnajesbU. 

k'ixnajesab, k'ixnajesabil. k'ixnayabU. 

k'ixin. 

become hot: k'ixnaj. 

burn red hot (metal on the forge): chakluptay. 

very hot 'ip k'ak'al. 

'ob, 'ov. 

patbU Ho' 'u'un taiv, taiv. 

form icicles: pas ba Ho' ta taiv. 

k'ix-mukan, k'un k'ixin. 

become lukewarm or tepid: k'un-k'ixnaj. 

cold or miserable meal: jech'ol ve'el. 

eat a cold or miserable meal: jech'olaj. 

(water or other cold material): laanejes. 

cool rain: sUc-Ho'. 

be refreshing (cold water): laaet 'uch'et. 

respite from tiie heat laanejesabU k'ak'al. 

shiver from fear or cold: k'achk'on. 

shiver with cold: k'achk'on la sik, telton ta 

sUc. 

yal Hob. 

stiff with cold: •chalopol, •chaxopol. 

pus. 

person who takes a sweatbatii: pusivU. 

lake a sweatbatii: pusin. 

k'ix-mukan, k'un k'ixin. 

k'ix-mukanU, k'lmil. 

fremble from cold or fright: tziltzon. 

k'ixnajes, k'ixnay. 

(water or cold object): tzamesbey 'e. 

warm self: k'ixnaj. 

warm self by the fire: k'atin si'. 

warm self by the ffre as do people or animals: 

k'atin. 

warm waten k'un k'ixin Ho'. 

food warmer: k'ixnajesab ve'el. 

object used for warming self: k'atimol. 

warming oneself: k'atimol, k'atinel. 

S.B. Humidity 

dried takijesbil. 

drought takijel, takijel 'osil. 

have a drought va'i k'ak'al. 

dry k'epel, takijes, takin. 

dry before the ffre: takijes, vo. 
516 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

dryness 

grass 

house 

leak 

sfreambed 

summer 

sweat 

sweatbatii 

sweating 

thfrst 

thfrsty 

throat 

wet 

dry off or out takij. 

sUghtiy dry: k'un-takin, laan to. 

takijel. 

dry grass: taki-jobel. 

dry house: taki-na. 

tz'ujebal, tz'ujel. 

(glass): 'uch'. 

(glass, roof): tz'uj. 

dry Sfream bed: taki-'uk'um, taki-tontik. 

(dry season): k'ak'altik. 

'ach'. 

(glass): 'uch'et, 'uch'li, 'uch'van. 

pus. 

person who takes a sweatbatii: pusivU. 

take a sweatbatii: pusin. 

(glass): 'ach'et 

taki-ti'U, takin ti', takinal ti'. 

be thfrsty: takin ti'. 

dryness of throat: taki-ti'U, takinal ti'. 

'ach'es, 'at'es. 

(person): 'atintas. 

get wet: 'ach', 'atin, 'atin Ho'. 

8.C. Sound and hearing 

beautiful 

chopping 

clang 

cUnk 

clomp 

crash 

crashing 

creak 

deafen 

din 

explode 

explosion 

good 

listen 

loud 

megaphone 

pretty 

quiet 

quietiy 

resound 

ring 

roar 

sound beautiful: 'utz vinaj. 

chopping sound: bajbonetel. 

bajlaj. bajluj, tzanlaj. 

(copper or stiver platter falling to ground): 

bajlajetel. tzanlajetel. 

(faUing metal or money): tzanlaj. t'ijlajet. 

t'int'onet 

(faUing rocks): p'ajlajet 

(support or beam when breaking): voch'laj. 

crashing sound (support, beam): voch'lajel, 

voch'latel. 

tz'iet, jo'et 

kokibes, kokibtas. 

make a din: voet, vovonet. 

jinet. 

jinetel. 

sound good: 'utz 'a'i, 'utz 'a'iel. 

'a'i. 

'ip. 

'ok'esol. 

sound pretty: 'utz 'a'i, 'utz 'a'iel. 

be quiet: ch'an chi, ch'an-chi. 

k'unk'un, 

Janet 

tzanet. 

(anytiiing tiiat echoes, whetiier it is a bell or 

a blow on wood): tzantzon. 

(beU): kanet. 

(ffre, hail, rain, turbulent river or ocean): 

loklonet. 

(fire, haU, rain, turbulent river or ocean, 

wind, large flute): 'omet, 

(heavy rain, river, voices of many people, 

wind): t'inet, 

(river, wind): jinet 

scraping sound of a beam being pushed on top of 

another: jech'et. 

sUence 'ak' ch'an chiuk. 'uma'ijes. ch'an chiel. 

slapping pok'ponet 

softly k'un. 

sound vinaj, 

(flutes): ch'ijet 

(heavy rain): juet. 

large flutes: •jomet 

sound beautiful: mu 'a'iel. 

sound from afar: nam. namet. 

sound good or pretty: 'utz 'a'iel, 

sound lUce a cracked bell: ch'ejch'on, 

sound of beam or support breaking: k'aslajel, 

k'aslajetel. 

sound of cocoa being poured from one bowl 

to another: chojet. ch'itet. t'ojet. 

sound of earth falUng from a height: jaxet 

sound of flutes togeihen jaxet. 

sound of pottery smashing: ch'aklajetel. 

sound of rainspouts: chojet. ch'itet, t*ojet. 

sound of smashing earthenware: pojlajetel. 

sound softly (wind, breeze): •jachet, •jupet. 

speak speak softiy: k*un-k*opoj. 

squeak tz*iet. 

thunder 'avan 'osU, 'avan chauk, 'ov chauk, bak'laj, 

bak'lajet, bak'luj, bak'lujel, tzanluj, tzanlujel, jinet. jinet 'osil, jinetel, jinetel 'osil, 

jininet 'osU, Uklajet, loklaj chauk, loklajet. t'ininet 'osU. 

toU thunderously: jinet nUc. 

(small flute): piet. •vivon. 

framp loudly: tijulan 'ok. 

(earthen jar. phial): kopkonet, tontonet 

toU 

toot 

framp 

trill 

S.C.I. Human and animal sound 

attention 

attentive 

bark 

bleat 

bray 

cackle 

clap 

tz'e'anel chikinU. 

pay attention: tz'e'an chUcin. 

tz'e'el chUcin. 

voet, vovonet, vojvonet. 

'avan, 'avanel, 'ov. 

(donkey): jik'jon ta 'ok'el, jUc'jonet 'ok'. 

vovet. 

k'ayk'onet. 

(goose): 'a'onet, 'avalet. 

clap hands as when rejoicing or dancing: 

pak'ponet, pak'ulan. 
NUMBER 31 

cluck 

deaf 

deafness 

door 

ear 

groan 

growl 

grunt 

gmnter 

guffaw 

hear 

hearing 

howl 

howling 

kick 

laugh 

laughing 

laughter 

listen 

listener 

neigh 

noise 

noisUy 

peep 

pubUcation 

report 

reporter 

roar 

scream 

shout 

shouter 

shrink 

sigh 

sUent 

sneeze 

sniff 

t'okt'onet. 

(hen): kokkonet 

kok. 

deaf person: kokil vinik. 

grow deaf: kokib.. 

kokibel, kokU. 

knock on the door: tij ti' na. 

prick up one's ears: tz'e' chikin. 

voet, voetel. 

groan with pain or sickness: 'akanaj, 'aket 

(stomach): jubet k'ulet. 

have one*s stomach growl: ch*o'et 

jokjonetel. 

(pig): jokjonet, jokjonet ni'. 

'ipal jjokjonetel, jjokjonetel. 

k*ojk'on 'e ta tze'ej. 

'a'i. 

hear approvingly or with pleasure: talel ta 

'olonton 'a'i. 

sense of hearing: 'a'iabU, 'a'ivanab. 

(dog): 'ok*. 

howl lUce a crying dog: 'a'onet. 

howl lUce a dog: 'avalet, 'i'onet 

'a^onetel, •i'onetel. 

make kicking sound: •p*asp*onet 

tze'ej, tze'in. 

laugh at tze'i. 

laugh softiy: ch*ivet 'e ta tze'ej, k'un-tze'in, 

level 'e ta tze'ej. 

stop laughing: ch'ani la tze'ej. 

tze'inel. 

listen in secret muktal-'a'i, muktal-'a'ivan, 

listen to backbiting or gossip: 'a'i lot, 

j'a'i-k'op, j'a'ivanej, j'a'yej-k'op. 

'i^onet, •i^onet •ok', •i'onet ta 'ok'el, 'i'onetel. 

make noise walking: lomlajet. 

noise of people passing by: lomlajetel. 

pass by noisily (people): linlajet, Unlonet. 

(chick): 'ok'. 

pubUcation of town crier: 'ov. 

report that one has heard: chUcin. 

reporter who reports what he has heard or 

seen: jta'anej-k'op. 

vovet, vovetel, 

'avalet, 'avanel, xUcit-'avan. 

'ov, 

shout loudly: xUcitxikit 'avan. 

j'avanel, j'ov. 

shrink or withdraw from noise or impediment ch'an chi, ch'an-chi, 

jik' 'olonton, jUc'el •olonton, 

sUent person: ch*anabal vinik. 

Hat'isan, Hat'isanel. 

'utz"onet, 'utz'i, tas-'Uc'i. 

517 

snore jolet ni^, joletel ni'il, joljon ni', joljonel ni'il. 

sob jUc'jon, jik'jonet. 

sobbing jUc'jonel, jUc'jonetel, 

sound make kicking sound: k'avk'onet, vak'vonet. 

sound made by people passing by: Unlajetel, 

linlonetel. 

sound of grinding teeth: jech'et. 

sound of horses urinating: chojet. ch'itet. 

t'ojet 

speak noisUy (many people): k'opk'onet, k'oplajet. 

speak softiy: k'un k'opoj. 

stamp stamp loudly: tek'tonet 'ok, tek'ulan. 

StealtiiUy tiptoe stealtiiUy: k'un-Ut'ovaj, Ut'lonet, Ut'ovaj. 

step with a soft step: k'un. 

laUc din of mirthful or quarrelsome taUc: ch'ijetel. 

din of mirthful or quarrelsome laUc, discord: 

kuletel. 

make a din with mirthful or quarrelsome talk: 

ch'ijet, k'ulet 

talk of many as in a cofradia: ch'ijetel, 

k'uletel. 

throat clear one's throat: jam nuk', jeket 

clearing of one's throat jeketel, 

waU 'a'onet, 'avan ta 'ok'el. 'i'onet 

waUer j'a'onetel, j'i'onetel, 

waUing 'a'onetel. 'i'onetel, 

warble 'ok'. ch'Ucet 

warbler jch'ikelel. 

(bfrd): j'ok'el. 

whinny 'i'onet, 'i'onet 'ok', 'i'onet ta 'ok'el, 'i'onetel. 

S.D. Taste and odor 

acid 

astringent 

bitter 

bitterness 

breathe 

cense 

delicacy 

deUcious 

exhale 

flavor 

flavorsome 

food 

fragrance 

fragrant 

incense 

ch'a. 

(unripe fruit): sapap. 

sapap. 

ch'a. 

become bitten ch'aub. 

make bitter: ch'aubes, ch'aubtas. 

ch'ail, ch'aubel. 

breathe in smoke or perfume: las 'ik'. 

ch'ailay, ch'ailtas, ch'atay, k'ojojib, muibch'atay, muibtay la ch'ail. 

muU. 

chi', mu, toj 'utz. 

(as when they drink something sour or foul 

smelling and so as not to perceive the 

odor they exhale): jak 'Uc'. 

muU 'ik'. 

become flavorsome: mu 'ayan. 

base or cold food: sUc-t'ojol ve'el. 

have fragrance spread: k'epet muil. 

mu, mumutUc. 

castillan pom, incienso. 
518 

meal ve'el. 

base meal: mu'natil ve'el. 

cold or miserable meal: jech'ol ve'el. 

eat a cold or miserable meal: jech'olaj. 

nose bad odor of one's nose: tu ni', tuil ni'. 

nosegay (odorous object that is sniffed): 'utz'obil. 

odor (good or bad): mil. 

oversalty ch'a' chi', naka 'atz'am. 

perfume 'ak' la ch'ailtik, muibtayab, muibtayabil, 

muU. 

(witii incense): muibtas la ch'aU. 

perfume of incense: muil ch*aU. 

perfumed (with incense): 'oy ta ch'ail muibtayat, ch'ail 

muibtayat. 

pregustation 'a'ibeyel ve'el 'ojov. 

rancid •majmaj 'Uc'. 

salty salty water: chi'-Ho', chi'U Ho', 

savor muib. 

scent 'ik', 'utz"onet, tas-'Uc'i. 

(of animal): muil. 

smeU 'a'ibey 'Uc'. 

smell good: mu 'ik'. 

smell wonderful: mu 'utz'iel. 

tu. 

laal ch'aU. 

(ffrewood): 'Uc'-baltay. 

become smoky: ch'ailay, ch'aub. 

smoky clothes: ch'ailal pok'. 

smoky person: ch'ailal vinik. 

ch'a, pajal, poj. 

pajal. 

'ech'om, tzotz, k'oxox, poko'. 

grow stale: tzatzub. 

grow stale (bread): takij. 

have stench spread: tuil jik'et. 

'oy tuU, k'ojoj, laal tuU, xinal, toj 'ep tuil, 

luU. 

(coat, shirt): tuib. 

begin to stink: xinub. 

(as some meats or human sweat): xin. 

chi'. 

become sweet chi'ub. 

'a'i, jech', lek', ti'. 

deUcious taste: muil lo'el. 

sense of taste: lek'. 

taste deUcious: mu 'a'i, mu ti'el. 

taste each one: ju-jun tal 'a'i. 

taste tiie lord's food: 'a'ibey ve'el 'ojov, 

'a'ibey ve'ob. 

tasteless mo 'oyuk muil 'uch'el, mo 'oyuk muU lo'el. 

smelly 

smoky 

soiu 

soiu-ness 

stale 

stench 

stink 

stinking 

sweet 

taste 

underarm 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

mo 'oyuk muU ve'el, mo'yuk lo'el. 

bad underarm odor: tuU lotz'opil. 

8.E. Toucl 

benumb 

benumbed 

dull 

fast 

ffrm 

ffrmly 

ffrmness 

gentiy 

greasy 

ground 

gummy 

hard 

harden 

hardness 

loose 

loosen 

numb 

numbness 

pebbly 

pucker 

rough 

roughen 

scaly 

sharp 

sharpen 

sharpened 

slip 

slipperiness 

sUppery 

1 

pek'aubtas. 

be benumbed: pek'aub. 

become dull: tijub 'e. 

become dull (knife or sword): •pimpoktay 

'e, pimub 'e. 

make dull: •pimpoktaybey 'e, pimubtasbey 

c 

'ik, 'ip, tzatzubesbU, tzotz. 'ip, tzatzubesbil, tzotz. 

'ip, tzotz. 

'ip, 'ipajel, tzatzal, tzatzubel. 

tzaibil, k'unk'un, k'unuk, nopbU. 

'ep 'ik'uyal, 'it'it', k'an-'iximtUc, noj ta 

'ik'uyal, pim 'Uc'uyal. 

be greasy: 'ip 'it'et, 'ip 'olet, pim 'it'it'ul. 

become greasy: 'it'et. 'olet. 

very greasy: laal 'it'it'. laal 'it'it'ul. 

hard ground: •chaj tontUc. 

laal xuch*. xuch'tik. 

tzotz. k'oxox. 

grow hard: yijub. 

grow hard (bread): k'oxoxib, takij. 

yijub. 

(bread, mud): tzatzub, tonib. 

tzatzal. 

chepel. mu chukbUuk. yochol. Hitil. 

yoch. 

grow numb: cham, sik-potzlay. 

sUc-potztayel. 

rough pebbly place: xixib tontik. 

pucker up (as when sewing shrinks): •tzukli. 

'ip tzatzal. tontUc. 

roughen grinding stone: laj. laj-'ux, lajulan. 

vok'Uan-Hux. 

become scaly: solin. 

joy 'e. 

(blade): 'oy 'e. 

be sharp: 'utz 'e. 

jayubes 'e. pas 'e. pasbey 'e, Hux. 

sharpen blade: Hux 'e, Huxbey 'e. 

HuxbU. 

object to be sharpened: Huxbol. 

sharpened blade: Huxben. 

tilch'uj. 

biUlul. 

biUl, ch'ulul, juxjonet, laal ch'ulul. 

be slippery: t'abt'onet. 
NUMBER 31 519 

smooth 

smoothed 

soft 

soften 

softly 

solid 

spongy 

sticky 

stiff 

lender 

tenderness 

touch 

woolly 

8.F. Sight 

angrily 

appear 

appearance 

blind 

bright 

guard 

light 

lit 

look 

sUppery place: biUl 'osil, ch'ulul 'osU, 

jach'ebal, tUch'ujebal. 

very slippery: 'ip biUlul, laal bilUul. 

ch'ulbU, ch'ulul, jos, josbil. 

become smooth: juxtzaj. 

person who smooths floor or waU: jch'ulvanej. 

josbU. 

k'un-putzan, k'un-yaman, k'unk'un, laan. 

become soft: k'unej, k'unij. 

k'unejes, k'unijes. 

(string in water): laanejes. 

k'un. 

mo 'oyuk jom, mu jomjomuk, tonton. 

jom la 'ut, naka jom. pok'ol. 

spongy quince: pok'ol membriUo. 

spongy wood: pok'ol le'. 

'ip nap'ap'ul. 

(bfrdlime. honey): nap'ap'. 

stiff with cold: •chalopol, •chaxopol. 

k'un, k'un to, laan, yaman. 

very tender: k'un. k'lm-yaman. k'unk'un, 

laan. 

'unenal. k'unU. laanU. 

'ut. pik. 

touch each other (sticks, stones, etc.): tij ba. 

touch lightiy: k'un pik, k'un-pik. 

touch with stick, stone, or anything other 

than hands: tij. 

tzotzil, potzil. 

look angrily: •keman sal k'el. 

appear in the distance: vinaj. 

begin to appear: nach', vinaj. 

'ilel. 

appearance of plants or grass: lok'el. 

appearance or birth of plants: 'osUajel. 

ma'-sat 

blind chicken: 'ik'al moy tuluk'. ma'-sat 

tuluk'. 

blind with pale eyes: 'ik'al moy. 

go blind: ma'-satij. tup' sat. 

go blind in one eye: tz'e'ub sal, tup' sat 

go blind with pale eyes: taot ta 'Uc'al moy. 

ch'ulul. 

chabi. 

ch'am, tajley yan. 

grow Ught: •sapet 'osil. 

object being Ut up: japoj. 

•*eno, 'ito. 

look askance: xokon-sati, xokon-sativan. 

look at k'el. k'elvan. 

look at whUe frowning or with wrinkled 

brow: tziUcan sat k'el. 

look frequently: k'elelet, k'elk'onet. 

look lUce: lok'bey. 

look lUce (one's father or mother): lok'. 

look up: k'el ta 'ak'ol. 

look upwards with mouth agape: jam ba ta 

k'elvanej, jol la k'elanvanej, jol ta k'elel. 

luminous 'ip xojobil, toj xojob yan. 

market see the sights in the market: pa'i ch'ivit. 

mirror large mirror: muk'ta nen, muk'ul nen. 

small mirror: bik'tal nen. 

note 'a'i vinajeb. 

take note of: 'ak' ta 'olonton. 

take note of another person's actions: komes 

la 'olonton. 

observation observation point: pa'iab. 

obvious be obvious: toj vinaj. 

overlooked be overlooked: mu tabat. 

peeking keep peeking: nach'nonet, 

peer peer at: pa'i. 

peer over (sfretching one's neck): nat-nuk'i. 

prove prove with a wimess: 'elmaj j'ilojel 'u'un, 

batz'itay ta j'Uojel. 

pry pry into others' affafrs watching where they 

go: nach'itay. 

radiance japetel, tiletel. 

racUant be radiant: 'ip tajley yan, 'ip tUet. 

recognition 'ojtakinvanej. 

recognition of person: 'ojtakinel. 

recognize 'ojtakin, 'ojtakinvan, chak 'oy 'U 'a'i, juteb 

'ojtakin, juteb na'bey ba, juteb tam sat. 

reporter reporter who reports what he has heard or 

seen: jta'anej-k'op. 

search sa'. 

see 'U, 'U 'osU, 'ilvan, k'elvan, la sat 

be able lo see: ta sat. 

shine japet japluj, leblajet, leblonet lebluj, xojob 

yan, tajley yan, tilet, tiUlel, tiltonet, tiUuj. 

shine tiirough: 'och xojobil yo' 'oy. 

shine tiirough (thin cloth): 'och xojob yo' 

'oy. 

shoot shoot Sfraight melel bat 'u'un. 

short-sighted be short-sighted: mo natuk 'ilvan, mu natuk 

'il 'osil. mu natuk bal sat mu natuk k'ol 

sat. 

smoky laal ch*aU. 

(firewood): 'Uc'-ballay. 

become smoky: ch'ailay, ch'aub. 

smudge t'ab 'obok, t'abbey 'obok. 

smudge person's face: t'ab sibak ta sat 

smudge person's hands: t'ab sibak ta k'ob. 

sparkle japet leblajet, xojob yan, tajley yan, tilet 
520 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

spectacles 

spy 

spying 

squint 

stain 

stained 

franslucent 

fransparent 

view 

visible 

vision 

watch 

white 

8.F.I. 

anger 

black 

blacken 

blackened 

blackish 

blackness 

blonde 

blue 

blue-eyed 

bright 

(sunbeam through a crack in the wall, stars): 

'itz'lajet 'osU. 

'ilvanab. 

jpa'i. 

spy on: nach'itay, nach'itayvan, pa'i. 

spy who watohes the road: jpa'i-be. 

pa'i. 

(as when they aim a bow and arrow): 

tz'e'-sati. 

kola'ajes, pUc'ixtay. 

pik'ix, pUc'ixtik. 

be stained: kola'aj. 

become stained: pUc'ixtay. 

'och xojobU yo' 'oy. 

be franslucent: japapet. 

be fransparent xojob yan, tajley yan. 

(from the house or tiie window): vinajeb 

'osU. 

have a view (from the house or the window): 

vinaj 'osil yo' 'oy. 

'iley. 

barely visible: nach'al. 

be barely visible: nach'. 

be clearly visible or exposed: vinaj. 

be visible: k'elav, tak' 'Uel, Hu' 'ilel. 

(seen when awake): lab satU. 

have a vision: 'U. 

see visions: lab-sati, lab-satij. 

k'el, k'elvan. 

wateh oven chabi. 

appear white as a cliff or chm-ches in the 

distance: sak-tik'an. 

Color 

have face redden with anger: chak-paltay ba. 

redden with anger (face): chak-paltay. 

with face red with anger: chak-palan ba. 

'ik'-votzan, 'Uc'-volan, 'ik'al, 'ik"ik'. 

(abyss): 'Uc'-'oman, 'ik'-pulan. 

(abyss, backwater): 'Uc'-'otz'tay, 'Uc'-loman. 

'Uc'ubtas. 

'Uc'al. 

'ik"ik'. 

'Uc'al'ik'al, 'Uc'ubel. 

k'anal tzotz jol. 

grow blonde: k'anub tzotzil jol. 

yax-'otz'an. yoxyox. 

make blue: yax-'otz'an pas, yaxubtas. 

k'an-kolan satU, yax-kolan satil. 

blue-eyed person: jk'an kolan sat, jyax kolan 

sat. 

k'an-ch'ulan, sak-jaman, sak-kepan, saksak. 

(moonlit night): sak-mesan. 

brightness 

brown 

cloth 

color 

colored 

dark 

dark-skinned 

darkness 

dye 

dyed 

fear 

gilded 

gray 

green 

hafr 

land 

light 

linen 

mixture 

multicolored 

murky 

ointment 

purple 

red 

become bright: sakub. 

become bright (moonlit night): sak-mestay 

'osil. 

sakubel. 

'ik'-yaman. 

green cloth: yaxal pok*. 

grey (mixture of black and white): sak-tanan. 

bon. bonobil. 

change color (face): tz*i'lej. 

change color or complexion: ch*ay, k'unkola'aj. 

bonbU. 

'ik'-pulan, 'Uc'-pulantik, 'ik"Uc'. 

grow dark: 'Uc'ub, •sapet 'osU. •sapoj 'osil. 

grow dark (sky): 'Uc'-pultay. 

grow dark (frees in the distance): 'ik'-

'otz'tay. 'Uc'-lomtay. 

have sky grow dark: 'ik'-pultay 'osil. 

dark-skinned person: 'ik'al vinUc. 

'Uc'ubel. 

bon. bonobil, bonoj, bonol. 

yeUow dye: k'anal bon, k'anal bonojeb. 

bonbU. 

be white with fear: sak-pak'an ba. 

'oy tak'in, but'bU ta k'anal lak'in. 

dark gray (cloth): 'Uc'-yaman. 

yox, yoxyox. 

(corn, ete. that is not dry or weU-cured): yox 

to. 

dark green (backwater): yax-joman. 

green again (grain field, grass): yax-balan. 

yax-k'utan. 

grow green: yax-bajtay, yax-tz'antay, yaxk'uttay, yaxub. 

light, bright green: yax-bajan, yax-tz'anan. 

have one's hafr turn white: sakub jol. 

white hafr: sak-tzotzU, sakil tzotz. 

green land: yax-lum. yaxal lum. 

sakubel. 

(sky): sak-pulan, sak-pulantik. 

sakil pok'. 

mixtiu-e of a variety of colors: kap bon, kap 

tz'ib. 

kapal bon, kapal naul. 

grow murky (as when wine, etc, is rolled 

down several slopes): 'ik'ub, tatub lUcel. 

colored ointment: nabnel, nobo. 

yax-cho. 

tzojtzoj, k'an-^'opan, k'an-'oban. 

(bald pale, metal on the forge): chak-lupan. 

(chUi or blood): chak-loman. 

(hafr): k'an-tzikan. 

(sky at dawn or dusk): chak-^jutan. 

bright red: batz'i tzoj. 
NUMBER 31 521 

redden 

reddishness 

rock 

rose-colored 

salt 

soiled 

slain 

stone 

striped 

lawny 

verdigris 

vermiUon 

weasel 

white 

white-hafred 

whiten 

whiteness 

whitewash 

wine 

yellow 

make red: tzajubes, tzajubtas. 

tzajub, tzajub *u'un, tzajubes, tzajubtas. 

tzojtzoj •ayan. 

(chUi or blood): chak-lomtay. 

(sky at dawn or dusk): chak-^jultay. 

tzajal. 

blackened rock: •Uc'al ton. 

k'un tzoj. k'un tzoj to, yalul to tzajal. 

black salt: •Uc'al •atz'am. 

white salt sakil 'atz'am. 

•Uc'ubtasbil. 

•Uc'ubal. 

franslucent stone: chak-xojan ton. 

kapal bon. kapal naul. 

striped cloth (with stripes of one color): 

•'ibal pok'. 

k'un 'Uc'. k'un tzojtzoj. k'un sak. 

lawny person: sak-^jachan vinUc. 

yax-lum. 

•xuko. 

black weasel: 'ik'al saben. 

brown weasel: tzajal saben. 

saksak, 

(eye with cataract): sak-^toan satU. sak-velan 

sat. 

appear white as a cliff or churches in the 

distance: sak-jalan. sak-kepan. sak-tUc'an, 

become white: sakub. 

be white-hafred: sak jol. 

sakubes, sakubtas. 

sakU. 

taniv, tanivej. 

(witii slaps of the bmsh): maj-tani. 

red wine: tzajal chi', chak-juban chi'. 

white wine: sakil chi'. 

k'onk'on. 

grow yeUow: k'anub. 

make yellow: k'anubes, k'anubtas. 

yeUow fat (as the fat of ground chickens): 

k'an-balan. 

8.G. Similarity 

another 

as 

compare 

comparison 

j-^kem, j-jech, yan 'oy. 

Hech chak, Hechuk chak. 

as if: chakuk, Ha'uk. 

nop, p'is, tij. 

joy-k'op, nop-k'op. nopel, p'isbil k'op. 

distinctiy 

equal 

equality 

equally 

especially 

even 

exact 

exactiy 

height 

intermingled 

length 

lUce 

lUcen 

look 

match 

matched 

natural 

nature 

pure 

resemblance 

resemble 

same 

sample 

simUar 

size 

smaller 

speak 

special 

comparison of person: tijel, 

different j-tek. j-tekiUc, mo chi'Uuk, mo ko'oluk, mo 

nupuk, mu junjunuk, yan. 

(especiaUy counting Uneages): k'ejel. 

be different: yan 'ilel, yan tuk. 

differently mo ko'oluk. yan, yantUc. 

specially 

Sfrange 

Sfranger 

such 

tzaibil, lekojlekoj, tojoltojol. 

ko'ol, melol. 

(tme weight): meltzajel, 

ko'ol, 

jelel, 

toj melel, toj tojol. 

make even: meltzajes, tojobtas. 

toj ko'ol. 

be exact: nup ba. 

tojol, 

be of the same height ko'ol natil, 

tzobol, tz'ibaltik. kapaUcapal, 

be of tiie same length: ko'ol natil, 

make the same length: ko'ol nalU pas, 

Hech chak, Hechuk chak, 

just lUce: Hech no 'ox, 

lUce that: Ha' Hech, Hech. 

like this: Hech, Hech 'ilel, Hechuk. 

like this too: Hech no 'ox tok. 

nop. 

look lUce: lok'bey. 

look like (one's father or mother): lok*. 

junjun pajel, junjun pajel pas, junjun pajol, 

junjun pajol ba pas, meltzaj. 

be matched: junjun pajol ba 'ayan. 

natural quality: pasel. 

talel. 

mo 'oyuk kap, Ha' no 'ox. 

nop-k'op, nopbil k'op. 

j-tektek ba, j-tektek pasel, jun pasel, junjun 

ba, ko'ol ba, ko'ol pasel, lok'bey, lok'bey 

ba. 

ko'ol. 

in the same way too,: Hech no 'ox tok. 

'a'iab, 'a'iabU, k'el. k'elul. k'eluyab. k'eluyabU. 

k'usiuk, Hech no 'ox, Hech no 'ox tok, Hech 

no 'ox tokiUc. 

sometiiing similar: k'usitik, k'usitUcuk. 

be of the same size: ko'ol muk'ul. 

make the same size (flat things): ko'ol 

muk'ul pas. 

make the same size (long, tall things): ko'ol 

'ayan 'u'un. 

smaller tiian: bik'itbik'it 

speak differentiy: yan k'opoj. 

jelel, p'UU, p'Uil ba, yan. 

be special: yan tuk. 

p'UU. 

toj yanlUc. 

mo U'uk na. 

Hech. 

such a thing: chak Hech. 

such as: Ha' Hech. 
522 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

unique 

without 

mo 'oyuk nup. 

manchuk. 

9. Movement 

9.A. Locomotion, fransportation, fravel 

9.A.I. By land and afr. See also agricultural tools 28B. 

absent absent one's self: bat, lok'. 

ahead get ahead: ba'yi. 

get ahead of: 'ech' ta be, ba'yitas ba. 

appear appear in the distance: vinaj. 

begin to appear: nach'. vinaj. 

approach Ii' tal, nochoj, noptzaj, nopoj, taltal, tijtzaj. 

make approach: taltales. 

around object being walked around: joynej. 

waUc around: joyet xanav, joyij, joyij xanav, 

joyij ta xanbal, joyin. 

arrive lok' talel. 

ascend muy. 

ascent muyel. 

aside step aside: p'ev ba. 

away batel. 

axlefree axlefree of a cart: joyijeb setet te'. 

backwards ta valak-pat, valak-pat. 

go backwards: valak-patij. 

bridge k'o. 

brick or stone bridge: castUlan k'o, ka'al ton. 

wooden bridge: ka'al te'el k'o, te'el k'o. 

bridle 'ak' freno, 'ak'bey freno, 'otes freno. 

bridled 'ak'ebU freno. 

be bridled: 'och freno. 

bump bump into (door): tij ba. 

bump or knock into: tij. 

burden 'ikatzil, kojobil. 

came 'ay. 

carl cartdriven jchabi setet te'. 

cartwheel setet le' carreta. 

cartwheel hub: balbal te', setset te', 

cartwright jchabi setet te', 

chase nutz. 

cUmb muy. 

come tal, Hul. 

come this way: U' tal. 

have just come: Hulel 'oy, Hulel to. 

corner go by a cUff that forms a point or corner: 

tz'e'el batel. 

cross k'atey, poyey. 

(ocean, river): p'as. 

cross over: jelav. 

crossroads yo' 'oy nup ba be. 

crowd crowd forward: vetz' ba talel. 

crowd in or towards: •tekel tal. 

depart lUc, lok'. 

departure 'ech'el, batel, lUcel. 

descend 

descent 

destination 

detained 

dismount 

distance 

distant 

down 

downhUl 

downwards 

drive 

driver 

escort 

exercise 

exit 

faU 

faUing 

flee 

flight 

fly 

follow 

followed 

foot 

free 

get 

go 

goods 

guide 

halfway 

horseback 

hostel 

moment of departure: batel 'oy, 

recent departure: batel to, 

yal, 

gradual descent: nelel, nellej vitz. 

gradual descent (patii): nelel batel, 

turn back without reaching destination: paj, 

be detained: sa' 'olonton. 

be detained as by rain or a full river: maktzaj, 

be greatiy detained in taUcing or walking: 

sa'lej. Ha'bej, 

'olan. yal. 

'ok', namal, 

remove to a greater distance: jakes, 

jakal, nom, nomnomtik, nomtik. 

get down: yales. 

go down: yal. 

approaching downhiU: yalel talel. 

departing downhUl: yalel batel. 

yo' 'oy tojol 'olon. 

drive horses: •ux •ut. 

oxcart driver: jchabi-vacas, jva'anej-vacas, 

jva'antasej-vacas chi'uk setet te'. 

'ak', j'ak'ol, va'an. jva'anvanej, jvol. 

'abtel, pasnej, pasojel. 

quick exit soblajel lok'el, tUclajel, •votol 

lok'el. 

a second time: cha'-jach', cha'-yal. 

faU from a height ch'ay, yal. 

faU off a cliff: ch'ay la ch'en, yal ta ch'en. 

fall when walking: jach'. 

stop faUing: kiktzaj. 

jin, kol ta jatval, kol ta jinel, 

flee to the hUls: jatav, 

make flee to the hUls: jatvUtas, 

make person flee: jines. 

jatanel, jatavel, jatval, jinel. 

vii. 

tz'ak-pati, tz'ak-patibey, tz'ak-pativan. 

follow in the company of: tz'ak-pati, va'an. 

be followed: k'exey batel. 

go on foot: xanav ta 'ok, ta 'ok xanav. 

kuxes, yaxubes, Himn. 

go to get something: bein. 

bat 

go out lok', lok'es ba. 

go tiirough sfreets or gardens: 'ech'. 

goods being fransported: 'eanbol. 

ba'yi, ba'yitas, jba'yi, chanantas tabe, vesan. 

take as one's guide: ba'yi. 

reach halfway: po'otaj, ta 'o'lol. 

know how to ride horseback: na' chij. 

mount on horseback: muy ta pat chij. 

ride horseback: ta pat caballo xanav. 

'ix-keUnajebal, vayebal. 
NUMBER 31 

hurt 

imitate 

jog 

join 

523 

journey 

jump 

kick 

kicked 

league 

leap 

leave 

limp 

litter 

lose 

lost 

lumbering 

mall 

meet 

miss 

mountain top 

movable 

move 

hurl off a cUff: ch'ay ta ch'en 'u'un, 

hurl oneself off a cliff: yalp'un ba, yokin ba, 

hurl person off a cUff: yalp'un ta ch'en, yokin 

ta ch'en. 

imitate or mimic one's gait: chanbey 'ok. 

jog along: choychoy-'anilaj. 

'ikba, tz'ak ba. 

join together (two or three objects, people, 

animals): lotoj ba, 

a week's joifrney: Huk-k'in belel, 

one day's journey or march: jun k'ak'al 

xanbal, 

lut', lut'el, p'itel, 

jump in the afr: lut'lij, 

jump in the river: 'och la 'uk'um, 

jump over (guUeys, ravines, wood, logs): 

lut'lon, lut'lonet, 

jump up in the afr: p'itp'on, p'itp'onet, p'ituj. 

jump up in the afr (as when dancing or when 

boys jump for joy): lut'. p'it 

bet' ta tek'el. lom ta tek'el, lom tatek'el, tek', 

tek'van. 

tek'bil, tUc'bU. 

j-jil. 

vU. 

lok', lok'es ba. 

leave quickly as from the chiu-ch or school: 

soblaj lok', tiklaj lok', •votol-lok', •votolan lok'el. 

want to leave: kolo' 'a'i. 

kolo' xanav, mek'aub. 

k'echolajebal. 

feathered Utter: •kemil. 

lose one's way: Hovi, Hovi ta be. 

ch'ayal. 

be lost ch'ay. 

get lost ch'ay, 

get lost (on fraU): k'ej be, k'ejey ta be, 

lost person: jch'ayel vinik, 

person who has lost his way: jHoviel. 

lok'-te', lok'esej-te'. 

lajeb xanavebal, sutej xanavebal, sutej xanbal. 

tzak, tzak ba, nup, nup ba. 

miss person (on frail): k'ej ta be. 

approach over mountain top: ba vitz talel. 

ascend mountain top: ba-betzaj, ba-vitzaj. 

departure over mountain top: ba vitz batel. 

moment before completing ascent of mountain top: ba-betzajebal. 

•'oyo lUclUc, kajel Uk. 

be movable: lUc. nUc. tak' lUcesel. tak' nUcesel. 

kom 'u'un. lUc. 

make a deal move: na' •'akan-'oltay, 

move about tUc'ton, 

moving 

muleteer 

narrow 

near 

noise 

noisUy 

overtake 

pace 

pafr 

pass (1) 

pass (2) 

passenger 

passerby 

path 

pilgrimage 

porter 

post 

procession 

pursue 

pursued 

pursuer 

pursuit 

reach 

rebound 

rein 

return 

reverse 

revolve 

road 

roll 

round 

roundabout 

mn 

moving frequentiy: •'oyo liklik, kajel lUc. 

jchabi 'ikatzinom cabaUo, jchabi xanvU 

cabaUo. jchabi xanvil chij. 

go or sUp tiirough narrow place as an iron 

raUing: kak ba 'och. 

sUp through narrow place as between fron 

gates: kuchoj 'och. 

come near: noptzaj, nopoj. 

noise of people passing by: lomlajetel. 

pass by noisily (people): linlajet, Unlonet. 

overtake by using a shortcut: jel. 

p'isbUp'isbil xanav. 

leave in pafrs: 'oy nup lok', nupulnupul lok'. 

mountain pass: 'akan vitz. 

pass by: 'ech'. 

pass by without meeting on the frail: jel, jel 

ba. 

jp'asojel. 

j'ech'el-be. 

be, belel, miUcul be, xojlej. 

make a path: xojav. 

ch'uul me'anajel xanbal, nam-tal xanbal. 

go on a pUgrimage: 'ech'te 'ech'te, kom 

lumal xanav, kom na xanav. 

make a pilgrimage: 'ech'te 'ech'te xanbal. 

on a pilgrimage: nom talel. 

j'abat j'eanvanej, j'ikatznom, jchon-bail. 

hitehing post: tzoyleb. 

joyijel, joyijel xanbal, procesion. 

pursue closely: tek', tek'van. 

piu-sue enemies: tz'ak-pati. nutz. 

nutzbU. 

nakbal, nakmal, jnutzvanej. 

nakavel, nakbal, nakel. nakvanej. nutzel, 

nutzvanej. 

object of pursuit: nutzoj. 

ta. 

(witii tiie blade turning): juy 'e. 

rein in a horse: 'olantas, ch'anantas, laanejes. 

sut. 

in reverse: la patil. 

(wheel): joyet xanav. 

be, belel. 

on the wrong road: jakal. 

put on the wrong road: jakes, jakesbU. 

(wheel, cart): xanantas, xanaves. 

(not spherical, but tiiin as table, tortUla, 

wheel): setel. 

round about: ta joyobU. 

go a roundabout way: joy be, joyij. joyin be. 

roundabout way: joyol be. 

'anilaj. 

make mn: 'aniltay. 

mn hard (deer, horse, bull): kuchoj ba 'anil. 
524 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

wish to mn away: k'exav. 

mnning make (horse or ox) stop mnning: ch'ani 'u'un 

ta 'anU, 

saddle 'ak' siUa, 'ikatzinay, 'otesbey siUa, 

(with packsaddle): 'ak' xalma, 'och 'u'un 

xaUna, 

saddled 'ak'ebU 'Ucatzinab, 'ak'ebU siUa, 'Ucatzinaybil, 

be saddled: 'oy siUa. 

saddlemaker jpas siUa caballo. 

scale scale witii ladders: machuy. 

search sa'. 

second entered in second growth: ch'UcU. 

make one's way through second growth: 

ch'Uc ba ta jobel, ch'Uc ba ta voymol. 

shinny lotz'. 

person who shirmies up or down a free: 

lotz'om, jlotz'el. 

shinny up or down a free: lotz'tay. 

shortcut mukul be. 

take a shortcut: k'ej. 

shrink shrink or withdraw from noise or impediment ch'an chi, ch'an-chi. 

sink but'. 

(ground underfoot, basket, ete.): lomomet. 

(ground when stepped on or tmnk or basket, 

or other soft object when sat upon.):. 

(ground when stepped on or trunk or basket, 

or other soft object when sat upon): lom, 

lomtzaj. potz'et. putz'et 

(water into ground): 'ul. 

make sink: lom, lomtzan, lomes. 

siiUc to the bottom: mul ch'ay, mules, 

slip tUch'uj. 

slip through: kuchoj ba 'och. 

slipped have sUpped tifrough: kakbil 'och. 

snare faU into a snare: tek' xokob, yal ta xokob. 

faU into a snare (person): xokbay ba. 

sound sound made by people passing by: Unlajetel, 

linlonetel. 

sound of eartii falUng from a height: jaxet. 

spiritedly waUc spiritedly: bili-batik xanav, •katatU: 

xanav. 

spring spring from: ta tojol lok'. 

spy spy who watehes tiie road: jpa'i-be. 

staff nam-te'U. 

stagger nechnon, nik, va'von. 

stay person who forces another to slay behind: 

jtzajal-komesvanej. 

stealthily tiptoe stealtiiUy: k'un-Ut'ovaj, Ut'lonet, Ut'ovaj. 

step tek'van. 

Step on: tek', tek'van. 

witii a soft step: k'un. 

stop stop in one's fracks: ch'ani ta 'anil, komtzaj, 

stumbling 

support 

sway 

tiptoeing 

tfre 

frading 

frail 

frample 

fransport 

fravel 

va'an ba. 

stop moving (inanimate object): kiktzaj, 

komtzaj, naktzaj. 

sfray sfray off the Une or path: k'ejp'uj, nijp'uj. 

Sfreet 'ol nanatik. 

stride lengthen one's stride: xach'. 

stumble tz'ukuUn 'ok, tz'ukuUnel 'ok. 

object one stumbles over: tz'tUculinabil 'okil, 

p*osiabil 'okil. 

stumble over: p'osi 'ok. 

stumble over dirt tz'ukulin lum. 

p'osiel 'ok. 

'ipajes. 

nechnon. 

k'un-Ut'om. 

tfre out (in pursuit): lubes, yakubes. 

go frading: bat ta xanbal. 

bUc'tal be. 

make person take the wrong fraU: k'ejeyes 

ta be. k'ejibtas. 

kick or trample underfoot voch' ta tUc'el. 

'ean. 

bein. xan. 

(seeing the sights): pa'i 'osil. 

person whose job it is to travel: xanvil. 

fravel far away: 'iktay na xanav. 

fravel through sfreets or gardens: pa'ivan. 

fraveler j ' ech 'el-be. xanvil. 

fremble tziltzonet 

frip lukuntabey 'ok, p'osi 'ok, p'osiel 'ok. 

trip in a wrestiing match: lukunel 'ok. 

trip on a branch or root tz'ukulin te', 

trip on a rock: tz'ukuUn ton. 

tiip up: 'ak' tzukulinabU. 

choychoy •anil, choychoy-'anilaj. 

joyijes. 

(wheel): joyan. 

twist back up (patii): nelp'uj. 

ma'-tuul vinik, mak 'ik'. mak k'ak'al, mo 

'oyuk k'usi tu, naka vinik. 

bik'tal xanbal, lajeb xanavebal, sutej xanavebal. sutej xanbal, xanav, xanbal. 

(of person who is taking a waUc): lajeb 

xanbal, sutej xanbal. 

long waUc: natil xanbal. 

make waUc: 'ak' xanavuk, xanantas, xanaves. 

take a walk: bUc'tal-xanav, lajeb-xanav, 

sutej-xanav, 

waUc on four legs: kotey, kotol. 

waUc to or from a certain place: xan. 

waUcer xanvil. 

waUcing metal tip of walking stick: tak'in chak 

nam-te'U. 

way be. 

frot 

turn 

twist 

vagabond 

waUc 
NUMBER 31 

waylaid 

waylay 

went 

whfrl 

withdraw 

9.A.2. By 

person to be waylaid: pa'-muk'uybol. 

person waylaid: pa'-muk'uyoj. 

place where people are waylaid: pa^-

miUc'uyab. 

pa^-muk'uy, pa^-muk'uyvan, pa^-muk'uyvan, 

pas. 

waylay on the trail: paj ta be. 

•ay. 

whfrl around: joyet, sutet. 

batat, batbat, jak, lUc, yanij. 

water 

mdder 

sailor 

sea 

ship 

sink 

aground 

ballast 

bilge 

boat 

bow 

break 

canal 

canoe 

cross 

current 

dugout 

embark 

fleet 

ford 

fork 

galley 

marine 

mast 

navigable 

navigation 

oar 

passage 

passenger 

pilot 

pontoon 

port 

river 

row 

rower 

jok'ol. 

hard aground: cha^-jok'ol, cha^-kikU. 

place where one mns aground: kUctzajebal. 

mn aground: kiktzaj. kikU. 

mn aground (boat canoe): jok'tzaj. 

mnning agroimd: jok'el. kiktzajel. 

'ipajeb jom. 'ipajes jom, 'otes naktzajeb 

jom, nakanab jom, naktzajeb jom, naktzajes jom. 

'Uc'uyal jom, tzo' jom, kux jom. 

jom. 

(ship, canoe): ni' jom. 

break up (ship): jav, vok', 

be Ho', tz'anal Ho'. Ho', 

(fiUed with water): bUc'tal 'uk'um. 

dry canal: be-o'. taki-'uk'um. 

jom. 

(ocean, river): p'as. 

stem tiie current kiktzaj. 

jomal te'. 

'och la jom, 'otes ta jom. 

'epal jom. tzobol jom, •chanul jom. 

'ech'eb, p'asob 'uk'um, p'asojel. 

(river): chib 'ayan. 

yabutinab castiUan jom, yabutinajeb jom. 

ta nab pas. 

natil te' pajal ta 'ol jom. 

be navigable: tak' 'ech'el ta jom, lak' 

p'asojel. 

'ech'el ta jom, p'asojel ta jom, xanbal ta 

jom. xanel nab. 

jubob jom. jubobU jom. 

'ech'el ta jom, p'asojel la jom. 

jp'asojel. 

ba j'U-jom, ba jchabi-jom. 

bik'tal k'o. 

'ocheb jom. 

dangerous riven tz'i'lelal 'uk'um, xi'ebal 

'uk'um. 

jub, jub jom. 

jjub-jom, jjubvanej. 

skipper 

sluice 

stepping 

stern 

submerge 

swim 

swimmer 

swimming 

underwater 

upsfream 

water 

525 

jubob jom, sutejeb jom. 

jchabi-jom, jva'anej-jom. 

high sea: 'o'lol nab, nab, nab Ho', nat Ho'. 

rough sea: pumlajetel, 

sea storm: 'ipal pumlajetel nab. 

shallow sea: komol nab. 

castiUan jom, jom, 

charter a ship: 'ak* tojol jom. toj jom, 

freight a ship: mak jom, 

ship passage: tojol jom, tojol pasojel la jom, 

ship passenger: jp'asojel la jom, 

'ach'. tz'ajey. mul. mul la Ho', mul ta Ho'tUc. 

potz'aj. pul. pul ch'ay. t'ub ta Ho', 

(in a boat): ch'ay la jom. 

j'U-jomal, jchabi-jomal. 

'ocheb 'a'lel, 'ocheb Ho', be 'a'lel, be-o'. 

stepping stone: 'ech'eb 'uk'um. 

ne jom. 

mules. 

(ship, canoe): mul ch'ay, pul ch'ay. 

nux. 

swim across: p'as ta nuxel. 

swim underwater: muk jol, mukula'aj, mul 

jol. 

nuxom. 

swimming place: nuxobil. 

tzulul. 

be put underwaten tz'aj. 

put underwater: tzul ta Ho', tzulbil, tz'aj ta 

Ho', miU, mul ta Ho', mulbU, mulul. 

muyel batelbatel ta 'uk'um. 

enter deep water: 'och ta natil Ho', 

sounder for measiuing depth of water: Uklik 

tak'in, p'isobU natil Ho'. 

9.B. Put, place, pUe, carry, send, tiirow 

across 

advance 

advanced 

ahead 

aim 

behind 

carried 

carry 

place across: k'atan. 

ba'yitas. 

object advanced: ba'yitasej. 

put ahead of: ba'yitas. 

aim well: jav 'u'un, satibU bat 'u'un. 

put behind: tz'aklontas. 

loss behind: valak pat ch'ay, valak-patin 

ch'ay. 

carried off: pojbil. 

object carried in one's arms: petoj. 

object carried in one's moutii: katz'oj. 

object carried on one's back: kuchoj. 

object carried on one's shoulders: k'echoj. 

'ean. 

carry bundle under one's arm: latz'apuy ta 

lotz'op. 

carry crosswise in one's mouth or teeth: 
526 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

crosswise 

deUvered 

deposited 

distance 

face 

fence 

fitting 

garland 

gatiier 

gathered 

glue 

glued 

granary 

group 

grouped 

guide 

handful 

hang 

hanging 

heap 

heaped 

hood 

hung 

hurt 

katz'. 

carry dangling: lUc, lUcoj. 

carry in one's arms as chUdren: pet 

carry off: poj, pojvan. 

carry on one's back: kuch, kuch batel. 

carry on one's shoulders as a litter: k'ech. 

carry out: vesan. 

carry under one's arm: 'ak' ta lotz'op. 

object being placed crosswise: k'atanej. 

place crosswise: k'atan. 

set down crosswise: poyan. 

'ak'ebU, 'et'esbU. 

k'ubanbU. 

remove to a greater distance: jakes, namajes. 

be set or turned face down: nujey. 

lay face up: javan. 

set or turn face down (bowls, tUes, baskets): 

nujan. 

set or turned face down: nujanbU, nujul. 

fence in: mak. 

act of fitting one thing into another: nopen. 

place garland on person's head: 'ak' nit-bail 

tajol. 

put on a garland: nit-baij. 

tzob, kunaj, kunan, kuntzaj. 

gatiier together: busan, tzob, tzobaj, tzobajes. 

tzoban, tzobey, tzobvan. 

tzobol, •chanul. 

gatiiered together: tzobanbil, tzobbU. 

objects being gathered: tzoboj. 

objects gatiiered together: tzobben. 

chaki. 

chakibil. 

store in a granary: tenay. 

(object): tzob. 

in a group: lotol. 

grouped together: pisU. 

ba'yi, ba'yitas, chanantas ta be, vesan. 

hold or lake a handful to put il down: jop. 

object being held or taken in handfuls: jopoj. 

jiban, jok'an, jok'ey, Ukan, Ukey, mU. 

place where clothing is hung: k'ianabil. 

k'iebal. 

tzoyol. likanbU. 

bus. bustzaj, bustzajel, tzob, lotz. 

heap up: busan. 

busul. 

put on one's hood: 'ak' pafio, tzatzajesbey 

jol, pas pafio. 

jibanbil, jibbil, UkanbU, lUcil. 

be hung: jibey. 

place where object or person is hung: 

lUcanab, lUcanabU. 

ten, yokin. 

join 

last 

lay 

lean 

leaned 

leave 

lift 

lifted 

line 

lined 

load 

long 

messenger 

mix 

mixed 

move 

moved 

order 

penetrate 

pile 

pile up 

place 

plant 

present 

put 

(long objects, darts, staves, arrows): yal. 

junajes, nupultas. 

put last lajeb 'ayan 'u'un, xutul 'ayan 'u'un, 

xutultas. 

(adobes, bricks, stones as the officials do): 

tz'al. 

(adobes, bricks, stones): tz'aloj. 

lay down: ta'an. 

lean against kikey, xUc'ey. 

lean against (lay object against wall): xUc'an. 

lean against (long objects against a wall): 

kikan. 

xik'anbU. 

object tiiat has been leaned against something: kikanej, xUc'anej. 

'Uctay, kom 'u'un, komes. 

toy. 

toybil, toyol. 

object being Ufted or raised: toyoj. 

line up: chol. chol ba, mel, mel ba, tasay. 

tasay ba. 

line up people: chol vinUc. 

line up people as in a procession: mel vinik. 

meltzan vinUc, pas vinUc. 

be lined up: choley. 

'ak' kojob, kajan, kajey. 

set down (long objects): tusan. 

send as a messenger: 'abatij, 'abatin, 'abatokin. 

kap, kapij, kapin. 

mix around: kapin la juyel, kapulan ta juyel. 

'och kap, 'oy kap, kapal, kapinbil. 

mixed in many places: kapaptUc. 

lUces. 

move object 'Uctay 'u'un, komel 'u'un. 

object being moved aside: p'evoj. 

be set in order: nop k'op. 

set in order: nop. 

penetrate heavy growth: kuj ba ta jobel. 

bus, bustzaj, tzob, kun, kunan, lotz. 

(firewood): busan. 

pile up: busi, kimey. 

put in pile: •tekan. 

•tekey. 

place against: 'elanej ba 'ak', 'ichoninej ba 

'ak'. 

place where something is or is put 'av. 

(post in the ground with one's hands): paj. 

send present in return: pak moton. 

'ak', 'ak'van. 

be put in: 'och. 

put in: 'otes, 'otesbU, 

put in many places: 'ep ta jech 'ak', jilom 

•ak'. 
NUMBER 31 527 

raise 

raised 

raising 

reached 

reaching 

replace 

send 

set 

stone 

support 

lake 

tiirow 

Uirown 

lop 

unite 

upside 

water 

wide 

9.C. 

bind 

bound 

break 

bundled 

buried 

muyes, toy, va'an. 

raise in order to take out from under: sabajes. 

muyesbil, toj va'aluk, toybU, toyol. 

toyel. 

object tiiat is being reached: taoj. 

instmment for reaching object taobil. 

'ak' k'exol, •ak' lok'ol. 

•'abten, bat 'u'un, tak. 

be sent •'abtenat 

send cautiously: tzail-tak. 

send to: k'ubanbey. 

'ak'. 

set down (wide objects): ta'an. 

throw (stone): ten. 

throw of a stone: ten. 

throw stones: tenobaj. 

k'un-Uk ta muyel, k'un-toy. 

lake a handful to put down: jopopan. 

take a little ways: lok'lok'es. 

take one's place: bet'. 

take out a little ways: juteb lok'es. 

(not out the front door): xij. 

tiirow down: ten ch'ay. 

throw out lok'es. 

xijbil. 

object that is thrown: xijoj, tenoj. 

thrown down: tenbil. 

put on top of: kajan. 

junajes. 

be turned upside down with the wide part 

on the bottom: pach'ey. 

setting a (wide object) upside down with the 

wide part on tiie bottom: pach'al. 

turn object upside down with the wide part 

on the bottom: pach'an. 

turn upside down: sutejes, sutes. 

be put in water: tz'ajey. 

put in water: tz'ajal. 

set down a wide object: pach'an. 

Wrap, tie, hide, cover, close and open, bury 

k'am. 

(as when tiiey bind the poles of tiiefr houses): 

jit'. 

(books): tz'isan. 

bind (with vines or cords as they do with tiie 

smaller beams of thefr houses): jit'omaj. 

object tiiat is bound: k'amoj. 

break or cut roots or vines with which tiiey 

bind the wood of thefr houses: ch'ak. 

tuch'. 

volbil. 

but'ibU ta lum, but'ibil la lumtUc, but'ijesbil. 

bury 

chain 

closed 

clotii 

clothing 

cochineal 

conceal 

concealment 

cover 

covered 

curl 

encfrcle 

encfrcled 

enclose 

enclosed 

fasten 

gatiiered 

hidden 

hide 

hiding 

hobble 

intertwined 

knot 

but'ul. 

buried object but'iej, but'oj. 

but' ta lum, muk. 

bury dead person: muk jchamel. 

bury under: but'. 

chuk ta ch'ojon tak'in. 

makal, makbU. 

(eyes): mutz'bil, mutz'ul. 

object tiiat has been closed: makben. 

any cloth covering: but'iabil. 

any cloth that object is placed on: tas. 

cover one's head with a cloth: panoUn. 

cover with a cloth: tasi. 

cover with cloth or clothing: lutz'. 

object being covered with cloth: lutz'oj. 

object being covered with clothing: pixoj. 

covered with cochineal bugs: pim ch'uj, toj 

ch'ujch'ujtUc. 

muk. 

conceal one's anger or grief: tz'ik. 

mukvanej. 

concealment of anger or grief: iz'Ucel, 

Iz'ikvanej. 

balobU, but'i, nuj-maki. 

(bowl, pitcher, pot, waterjug): mak. 

cover one's nakedness: pix. 

cover up: but'. 

cover with clothing: pix. 

makal. 

be covered up: but'ij. 

covered object: but'iej, but'oj. 

object being covered as a pitcher or pot: 

makoj. 

curl up (as do some caterpUlars or bugs when 

touched): tzub ba. 

joy. joyij. joyin. 

joyinbU, joyol. 

joy. 

joybil. 

area or object being enclosed: joyoj. 

enclosed area or object: joyben. 

tz'ak, chuk. 

fasten hat sfrap: 'och 'ak'U 'u'un. 

gatiiered together: tzobanbil, tzobbU. 

objects gathered togetiier: tzobben. 

mukbil, miUclal. 

muk. 

hide in one's house: mak-nai ba. 

hide oneself: muk ba. 

hiding place: mukebal. 

chukbey k'ob. 

(for horses, etc.): lotz'ob le', te'el. 

become intertwined: tz'aley, jaley. 

tz'ak, j-jis moch, jis-moch, moch, mochobU. 
528 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

leatiier 

lined 

lining 

lock 

loose 

loosen 

protect 

rain 

save 

seal 

seclude 

secluded 

seclusion 

shelter 

fiUed with knots: jis-mochochtUc. 

make knots in string: moch, mochUan. 

knotted jis-mochbil. 

article being knotted: mochoj. 

become knotted: tz'akoj ba, mochoj ba. 

become knotted as when a tifread or ribbon 

moves back and forth: mochli. 

knotted in many places: mochUanbillUc, 

mochochtik. 

object being knotted: jis-mochoj. 

cover with leathen 'ak'bey niUcul. 

covered with leather: 'ak'ebU nukul, 'otesbil 

nukul, 'oy nukuUl. 

cha'-lamanbU, cha'-lamanbil lum. cha'-lom. 

cha'-lamal. 

makobU. 

house lock: makob na. 

chef)el, mu chukbUuk, yochol, Hitil. 

yoch. 

koles. 

use paUn leaf rain cover: 'axiban, 'axibin. 

save by shielding: jetobtay, latz'apuy. 

'eteltasabil. 

seclude oneself: mak-nai ba. 

secluded in one's house: mak-naibil. 

mak naiel baU, mak-naiej bail, mak-naiel. 

koles. 

(bfrds. etc. under sometiiing): nuj-maki. 

(from wind): mak. 

rain shelter: 'axinajebal. 

shelter from tiie rain: 'axintas. 

shelter to defend oneself: kolebal. 

take shelten kol. 

lake shelter from the rain: 'axinaj. 

take shelter in the church: koles ba. 

makibey. pokolU. 

(taking the blows dfrected al anotiier): maki 

ya. 

(with body or shield): mak, mak-pati. 

clasp a shield: xoj pokol la k'ob. 

large shield: •kumpail. 

person who shields anotiier: jmakiej-ya. 

reed shield they hang in tiie church: pokol 

puj. 

solid row of shields: choloj ba lok'ob-ba. 

meloj ba lok'ob ba, meloloj ba lok'ob ba. 

take or use a shield: pokoUn. 

shielding article or person one is shielding: mak-patiej. 

save by shielding: mak-pati. 

shut shut oneself up: mak ba, mak-nai ba. 

shut up (bread, wine): nak'. 

soak tz'aj ta Ho', tz'ajan ta Ho', 

store shut up: nak'. 

submerge mules. 

shield 

surround 

swim 

tether 

tie 

tied 

freasure 

tuck 

uncover 

underground 

underwater 

unfold 

unfolded 

wind 

wrap 

wrapped 

(ship, canoe): mul ch'ay, pul ch'ay. 

joy, joyin. 

swim underwater: muk jol, mukula'aj, mul 

jol. 

tzoy. 

tz'ak, chuk. 

tie again: cha'-chuk. 

object being tied: chukoj. 

buried freasure: but'bil k'anal tak'in. 

hidden freasure: nak'bil tak'in. 

tuck up: jol ni'. 

tuck up (by tying the ends): cholo-nok'in. 

tuck up (under one's sash when working): 

chuk-ch'utin, jopin. 

tuck up one's skirts or blankets under one's 

sash: ch'ik k'u'. 

tuck up skirts under one's sash: jopin k'u'. 

jam. 

put underground: but' ta lum, but'i, but'i 

j-tz'uj ta lum, but'ijes ta lumtik, ch'Uc ta 

lum, k'al ta lum, muk, muk ta lum, muk 

ta lumtik, mukbil ta lumtik, mukul ta 

lumtik. 

tzulul. 

be put underwaten tz'aj. 

put underwaten tziU ta Ho', tzulbU, tz'aj ta 

Ho', mul, mul ta Ho', mulbil, mulul. 

lich*. 

lich*anbU, lich'bU, lich'U. 

wind around (not making a ball, but crosswise 

or back and forth as when cord is put on 

a frame): k'am. 

balobU, vol, volobil. 

wrapped up: balbil. 

9.D. Press, push. puU 

apart 

blow 

bring 

bmsh 

butt 

caught 

chafe 

chafed 

come apart tuch'. 

set apart lekoj 'ak', lekojlekoj 'ak'. 

k'oj, tij, yalel. 

blow (counting): j-likel majel. 

come to blows: maj ba. 

fist blow: tij. 

bring by force: joch'. 

bring forcibly: tzajal-'ik'. 

ch'ul, ch'ulvan, ju'obU. 

t'is jol. 

(rams, cows): xulbay ba. 

butt heads together (boys): t'is-joli ba. 

kakal. 

be caught between two objects: kaktzaj. 

tuch'uch'tik pas. 

tuch'uch'tUc pasel. 

(by clotii): tuch'uch'tik. 
NUMBER 31 

chip 

clamp 

clasp 

clasped 

clutch 

confract 

double 

drag 

dragged 

drive (1) 

drive (2) 

drub 

drubbed 

embrace 

embraced 

footprint 

furrow 

grapple 

grappled 

grappling 

grasp 

grasped 

grind 

grinding 

hafr 

hammer 

jep, jepelul, voch', voch'olU. 

(glass): voch*. 

net*ob, net*obil. 

nap*an ta chukel, nop*-chuk. 

nap*anbU la chukel, nop*-chukbU. 

object being clasped: nap'anej ta chukel. 

nop'-chukoj. 

kUc. 

(as when a snake confracts and coUs): tz'al 

ba. 

bend double: nujet. 

double over: pakulan. 

double over (cornstalk, sugarcane): pak. 

Chech, jcx^h, kU, xij, tas. 

chechbil, xijbil. 

object that is dragged: xijoj. 

drive horses: 'ux 'ut. 

(naUs or stakes in a waU): baj. 

drive in wiUi rock or sledgehammer: pajchuchuy. 

maj ta te'. 

majbU ta te'. 

mey, meylej. 

object or person being embraced: meyoj. 

object or person that was embraced: meyben. 

'av 'okU, tek'ben 'ok, tek'leb 'ok. 

vok'. 

(either plowed or as in the Mexicans' 

cornfields or as we do when we plant 

radishes): tz'alav. 

(not plowing, but as the Mexicans prepare 

thefr cornfields): tz'al. 

plow a furrow: xoj la vok'el, xoj vok'el. 

plowed furrow: xojbenal, xojbenal la vok'el. 

japi, japi ch'ay, vol, vol ch'ay. 

volbil. 

japivanej. 

'Uc. 

object being grasped: kikoj. 

juch'un. 

grind dyes: noyUan bon. 

grind flour: juch' ch'Uim. 

grind for the ffrst time: voch'. 

grind more: tek'. 

grind very fine: noyilan. 

grind very fine (cacao): noy. 

stone for grinding dyes: juch'obU bon, noyob 

bon, noyobil bon. 

pull one's hafr out jotz. 

tear one's hafr: jotz jol. 

with one's hafr torn out: jotzbil jol. 

hammer (with which to wound): tenob te'. 

hammer as on the anvU: ten tak'in. 

hammer or rammer (with which to ram or 

hammered 

hammering 

handprint 

hew 

hit 

injury 

kiss 

kissing 

knead 

kneader 

knock 

lead 

mark 

massage 

open 

opened 

pat 

peck 

pinch 

pound 

pounded 

press 

pressed 

pull 

529 

wound): tenobil. 

bajulanbU, majulanbil, tenbil, tijbil, tijulanbU, 

k'ojk'onetel. 

'av k'obU, 'av k'obol. 

'an. 

(stone): 'an ton. 

(wood): 'an te'. 

hit Ughtiy: k'ojilan, maxil-baj, maxil-maj. 

hit or wound lightiy: tij. 

(caused by blow of hands or feet): bajben. 

'utz'i ni', 'utz'ibey ni', 'utz'iel ni', nup. 

kiss repeatedly (as mother lo her child): 

nulUan. 

repeated kissing: nulUanel. 

biulan, pak'tani, pak'tanij, votz'Uan. 

(dough, clay for pots): vol, volUan. 

(dough, clay for pots, thick objects kneaded 

with the whole hand): votz'. 

jpatan-vaj. 

knock against each other (sticks, stones. 

ete.): tij ba. 

knock one's head on a rock: t'is-joU ton. 

lead against one's wUl: chech. 

lead by the halter: chiUc ta ch'ojon. 

(wood or stone for cutting or sawing): 

'eteltas, joch', Jul. 

mark left by blow of the fist or by a slap: 'av 

k'obol. 

ju'Uanbey, nit 

(person's painful beUy): jaxulanbey, ju'Uan. 

jam. 

article being opened: jamoj. 

opened article: jamben. 

pojUan, 

•t'ojey, •I'ojeyvanej. 

set'el, set'vanej, xut'el, xut'vanej. 

with the finger or fmgers: xut'. 

juch', juch'un, ten, tenulan. 

pound lo pieces: voch'. 

be pounded to pieces: voch'. 

bet'an, pitz', pitz'obU. 

olive oil press: juch'obU aceituna. 

press down on: katz'an. 

be pressed: bet'ey. 

chech, kil. 

pull out: bul, vajajtUc lok'es. 

pull out (hafr, feathers): tul. 

pull out (object without roots, pole, stake): 

botz'. 

pull out by the roots (as radishes, carrots. 

without digging): bul. 

pull out leaving no frace: bulan. 

pull the hafr out of: bul. 
530 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

punch 

push 

pushed 

ram 

rammer 

repel 

rock 

roll 

mb 

rubbed 

mbbing 

sawed 

scrape 

seize 

seized 

sharpen 

sharpened 

shatter 

shaving 

shear 

shove 

slap 

pull up easUy (as when they weed the 

garden): jotzan, jotz'. 

with pliers: lotz'. 

voloj k'ob maj. 

xij, takultay. 

(as when tiiey push or lift a beam): xij. 

(as when tiiey push the door open or closed): 

net'. 

push in with one's feet: tik'. 

push out of one's place: valk'un. 

xijbil. 

object tiiat is pushed: xijoj. 

ram in with a rammer or long object as a 

lance or stick: xen. 

xenob tak'in, xenob te', xenobil. 

rammer (with which to ram or wound): tenob 

te'. 

nak, nakav. 

(cradle): jin. 

person who rocks another: jjuyvanej. 

(as a baU): •tzul. 

ju'. 

mb together: jux ba 'u'un. 

mb together (bricks): jos ba 'u'un. 

mb together (bricks, rocks): jux, juxilan. 

mb together (two bricks): jos. 

mb up and down: nib, nibvan. 

mb with one's hands: ju'Uan, jusUan. 

juybil. juyUanbil. 

mbbing instrument: jusob, jusobU. 

object being sawed: kupoj, p'asoj. 

jos. 

(boards): jotz', josilan. 

'ik', tzajal-poj, tzak, chuk. japi. 

'ik'bU. japibU. 

object seized: japiej. 

jayubes 'e. pas 'e, pasbey 'e, Hux. 

sharpen blade: Hux 'e. Huxbey 'e. 

HuxbU. 

object to be sharpened: Huxbol. 

sharpened blade: Huxben. 

shatter witii blows: maj, vok'. 

'anben te', ch'uch'ul te'. 

shear (with a razor): jos. 

shear woolen stuff: lotz' tzotzU, lotz'bey 

tzotzil. 

jipulanel k'obil, jipun k'ob, takultay, takultay vanej. 

pak' ta majel, pok' ta majel, ta k'ob maj, t'ax 

la majel, yalel. 

slap given: pok'ben, t'axben. 

slap on the neck: pok'el ta majel te' nuk'. 

slap received: pok'benal, t'axbenal. 

slapping 

sound 

split 

squeeze 

squeezer 

stamp 

stick 

sticking 

sfretch 

strike 

summon 

tighten 

frack 

frample 

frampled 

frampUng 

whet 

whetted 

wine 

pok'ponet 

make kicking sound: k'avk'onet, vak'vonet. 

jat, jatal. jatbU, jav. javbil. t'ajal. t'ajalil, 

t'ajel. t'oxbenal, t'oxli. 

(as tiie ground, fresh tile or green wood does 

in the sun): tzUc', t'aj. 

(ffrewood. wood): jat. jav. t'ox. 

badly spUt t'ajajtUc. 

be split in two: cha'-jech t'oxey. 

deUberately spUt: t'oxbU. 

split gradually: •chal. 

split in two: cha'-jot 'ayan. cha'-t'ox 'ayan 

'u'un. cha'-t'ox cha'ley. cha'-t'ox t'ox. 

split open (cotton, ripe pomegranate): jam. 

tuk. 

split with wedges: pajchuchuy. 

pitz'. 

pitz'ob. 

sello. 

stamp loudly: tek'tonet 'ok, tek'ulan. 

stick on: nap', nap'an, nochan. 

stick on (graft): tz'ak, tz'ak ba. 

stick lo: nap'tzaj, nap'lajan, nap'lajet, nochlajet. 

tzoyob, tz'akav. 

xach'. 

place where clotii is sfretehed out: k'ianabU, 

k'iebal. 

sfretch out k'i, k'ian. xach'omaj. 

sfretch out (clothing, cloth): k'i. 

strike with one's fist tij ta majel ta k'ob. 

person who brings or summons another by 

force: jlzajal-'Uc'vanej. 

tighten with a peg: k'uxi. 

frack left by beam that has been dragged: be 

te'. 

frack left by stone that has been pushed: be 

ton. 

(shoving with the body): net'. 

kick or trample underfoot: voch' ta tik'el. 

frample on: juy la tek'el. 

frample underfoot cha'-tek', lom ta tek'el, 

pak* ta tek'el, tek*. tek*van. 

tik*bil. 

frampled on: bet'bil ta tek'el. tUc'bU la tek'el. 

tek'ben. 

jux. pasbey *e, Hux. 

object being whetted: juxoj. 

beam of a wine press: net'ob tz'usub, pitz'ob 

tz'usub. 

beam or screwpin of a wine press: net'obil, 

pitz'obU, 

screwpin of a wme press: net'ob, pitz*ob. 
NUMBER 31 531 

wine press: net'ob tz'usub, net'obU tz'usub, 

wine press where grapes are frod: tek'ob 

tz*usub, tek*vanab tz'usub. 

9.E. Insert and fUl 

absorbed 

arrow 

bore 

burst 

cram 

dig 

disinter 

driU 

driUed 

drive 

enter 

fiU 

fiUed 

filling 

fitting 

full 

go 

gush 

hole 

inflate 

insert 

inserted 

be absorbed (as when rain is absorbed into 

the ground): 'uch'. 'uch'U. 

pierced by an arrow: yalbaybil. 

target of one's arrow shot yalbayej. 

•vatz. 

bore through: Hot Hotes. 

tuch'. t'us. 

lom ta tek'el. 

cram in (with one's feet): pak' ta tek'el. 

(as they dig with poles): jok'. 

dig a hole: jok' ch'en. 

dig up (jicama. potato): jotz'. 

dig witii blows as witii a hoe: vok'. 

jotz'. 

'ak' pas. 

driUed article: joch'ben. 

(naUs or stakes in a waU): baj. 

drive in with rock or sledgehammer: pajchuchuy. 

'och. 

enter secretiy: miUclal-'och. 

amount added to fUl container: nojeb. 

fiU by sinking, as when they fill the waterjug 

by sinking it in the water: pul. 

fiU up: noj, nojes. 

fiU up by blowing: nojes la Hupanel. 

nojesbil. 

pulel. 

act of fitting one thing into anotiier: nopen. 

'oy bel, noj. 

be full: noj, sit, sitel. 

go through (needle in clothes, driU in a 

board): jelav. 

gush up: bulin. 

gush up in many places: bullajet. 

dig a hole: pas ch'en, vok' ch'en. 

Hupan. 

latz'an, ta •sapav 'ak', la •sapav 'otes, tUc', 

vajajtik 'ak'. 

insert in many places: 'ap'ap'tik 'ak', lapaptUc 'ak'. 

insert in pile (board, book): latz'. 

insert witii a rammer or long object as a lance 

or stick: xen. 

lapal, lapbil. 

be inserted: lalz'ey. 

inserted in many places: latz'atz'tik. 

insertion 

maggot 

miss 

narrow 

occupied 

pack 

penetrate 

perforate 

pierce 

pierced 

poke 

pour 

prick 

pry 

punctiu-e 

punctiu"ed 

satiety 

stab 

stick 

stiiff 

stuffed 

surfeited 

swell 

latz'aUatz'al, lapaptik. 

inserted in pUe: latz'al. latz'bil. 

lapel. 

swell from maggots: xuvitan. 

(arrow): koles yolobU la k'ob. 

(crossbow pellet, arrow): kol, toj kolel bat. 

(unable to contain something): chukul. 

'oy bel. 

be occupied: noj. 

'ikatzin. 

pack down: cha'-tek*. 

pack tight pressing with fist or slick: 

lonton-lUc'. 

pack tight pressing with the foot: tonton-tek'. 

pack tight pressing with the hand: tontonnet'. 

penetrate heavy growtii: kuj ba ta jobel, kuj 

ba la voymol, k'al ba ta jobel, k'al ba ta 

voymol. 

ch'oj, xen. 

ch'oj, ch'ojes, jelaves. Hot Holes. 

(with an awl): jul. 

ch'ojbU, Hotbil, Hotol. 

be pierced: ch'oj. 

object to be pierced: ch'ojbol, Hotbol. 

pierced object Hotben. Homej. 

poke ffre and stfr flames: lupes. 

poke the ffre: ji' k'ok'. 

pour from bowl to bowl: t'ojilan. 

jul. 

pry into: jak'. 

jul. 

julbil. 

nojel, sitel. 

jul. 

stick being poked into ffre: chuchoj. 

tek'. 

(food into one's mouth): kam. 

stuff in (with the hand): net', net' ta nojesel. 

net'bil nojes. 

stuff in by stepping on: tek' la nojesel. 

stuff oneself: piU, pules. 

kik'bil, nojesbil. 

be stuffed in: net'bU nojel. 

be stuffed with food: sit 

feel stuffed: ton-ch'utuy. 

feeling stuffed: ton-ch'utuyel. 

be surfeited: noj. 

noj, sit, situb. 

(boU, bmise): lik petiuk. 

(boils): lUc t'eUuk, Uk vajluk. 

be made to swell by stepping on and stuffing 

in: bet'bU nojel, tek'bU nojel, tik'bil nojel. 
532 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

water 

wedge 

make swell: nojes. 

make swell by stepping on and stuffing in: 

tek'bU nojes. tUc'bil nojes. 

dammed up water: tz'anal Ho', 

wedge in: 'ak' k'ux ba. 

9.F. Twist, turn and shake 

fan 

fanned 

rebound 

roU 

shake 

sur 

stirred 

sway 

turn 

twist 

twisted 

veluy. 

object being fanned: veluyej. 

juyemal. 

(blade): juyp'ij 'e. 

make blade rebound and twist: tz'otp'inbey 

'e. 

make rebound: tz'otp'in, juybey 'e, juyp'in, 

juyp'in 'e, juyp'inbey 'e. 

rebound witii blade turning: tz'otp'ij, tz'otp'ij 

'e. 

downhUl: balaj, balch'uj. 

roll around: balalij, balch'un ba. 

roll around (lUce chUd with temper tantmm): 

balet 

roll around (like chUdren who throw Uiemselves to the ground in a temper): balan 

ba. 

lUin, nechulan, nikes, nUculan, nikulan. titin. 

vaxulan. 

(lance): la'ulan. 

(matfress or sfraw bed): tukes. 

matfress or sfraw bed: sokilan. 

shake hands: 'Uc ba. kik ba. 

juy. juyUan. 

ffre being stirred: chuchoj. 

person who stirs: jjuy-Ho'. 

person who stfrs the ffre: jchuchvanej. 

stir the ffre: chik', chUc'ulan, chuch k'ok'. 

stfr the ffre (causing flames): tiles, 

stfr up: bak'es. 

juybil. 

nik, va'von. 

(candle, stick): tz'ot 

(wheel): joyan. 

turn aroimd: sutp'ij. 

turn oven vaUc'uj. 

tz'ot, tz'otan, tz'otii, tz'otp'ij, tz'otp'ijes, 

tz'otp'in. 

(as they twist rope on thefr thighs): bichuy, 

ch'ajnuj, ch'ajnuy. 

between the palms of one's hands: balch'uj, 

balch'uy. 

twist between the fingers: tz'ot 

tz'otbU, tz'ottz'ot 

(candles to make a torch): tz'ototik. 

become twisted: tz'otey, tz'otp'ij. 

wriggle nik, nikes. 

10. Creation, acquisition, maintenance, ownership, destination, and loss 

lO.A. Make, repafr, and rescue. See also housekeeping 

22E and clothing repafr 31 A. 

charge 

create 

created 

dammed 

do 

expedite 

fix 

found 

glue 

glued 

hew 

leak 

Ifre 

luck 

mend 

mended 

paste 

pasted 

polisher 

prepare 

readied 

ready 

redo 

renovate 

repair 

rescue 

rescuer 

restore 

right 

take charge of: lak, takbey. 

(as God made tiie world): pas. 

be created: 'ayan. 

be dammed up: komtzaj, liktzaj, naktzaj. 

'ut, •chetan, •cheyan, pas, vesan. 

expedite a matter: tzutzesbey k'oplal. 

expedite what has been impeded: lak. 

meltzajes, tojobes, tojobtas. 

be able to fix: meltzaj. 

lUces. 

castiUan chak, chak. chaki. 

chakibil. 

(wood): 'an te'. 

leak one has mended: ch'ikben. 

bring back to life: kuxan. 

come back to life: kux. kuxol. kuxolaj. 

improve one's luck: 'ik'ti'ij. 

(by fastening or sewing, bones): tz'ak ba. 

(wound): but', tzepenub. 

mend a broken bone: tz'ak bakel. 

mend by sticking on: pak'tzaj. 

mend with pitch (leather, wine jug): 'ak'bey 

xuch'. juybey xuch', xuch'ay. 

tz'akbil. 

mended object: pak'anej, xojben. 

mended with piteh: xuch'aybil. 

castiUan chak, chab. chak. chaki. 

chakibil. 

t'abob. 

pas, tojobes, tojobtas. 

prepare in advance: ba'yijes. 

prepare oneself: meltzaj, pas ba. 

tzatzajesbU, 

pasbU. 

get ready: tzatzajes ba, pas ba. 

person who is ready: ch'albU vinik. 

cha'-pas. 

'ach' 'ayan 'u'un, cha'-kuxes. 

'utz 'ayan 'u'un, cha'-pas, pas. 

(faiUty constmction): mak. 

(leaking roof): ch'ik. 

koles, koltay. 

rescue of oneself: kolesel. 

jkolesvanej, jkoltayvanej. 

restore to former shape or beauty: 'ich' tojol 

'u'un, meltzajes, tojobes, tojobtas. 

set right: meltzajes, tojobes. 
NUMBER 31 533 

save 

saved 

sfraighten 

frim 

wax 

waxed 

whet 

whetted 

koles, koltay. 

be saved: koles ba. 

tz'otan, tz'otii, tz'otp'ijes, tz'otp'in. 

sfraighten a crooked staff or stick: patz', 

sfraighten with one's hands (beam): tojobtas, 

trim a wick: lok'es 'ak'lel, lok'esbey 'ak'lel 

candela. 

'ak'bey chab. 'otes chab. bon ta chab, tz'aj 

ta chab. chab, sul la chab, 

bonbU la chab, tz'ajal la chab. 

jux, pasbey 'e, Hux, 

object being whetted: juxoj. 

10,B, Find, receive, take, pick, keep, own 

accept 

accumulate 

accumulated 

aided 

alms 

beg 

beggar 

beggary 

belong 

bel 

borrow 

borrowed 

borrowing 

boundary 

bring 

credit 

custody 

discover 

disease 

divided 

find 

'ich'. 

accept advice or reproach: 'a'i, 

tzob. 

kunul. 

koltaybil. 

'abolajel. 'aboltayvanej. 

(poor person): k'anoj. k'anvan. 

jk'anojel. jk'anvanej. 

k'anojel. k'anvanej. 

belong to: 'at. la tojol. ta tojol 'atey. 

win bet 'ale, 'aleyvan. 

ch'amun, 

ch'amunbil. 

article to be borrowed: ch'amunabU, 

borrowed article: ch*amunej, ch*om. 

ch*amunel, 

tz*ak lum. 

boundary between properties: tz*ak 'osil. 

boundary marker: tz'ak. ch'akobU lum, 

vok'obil lum. 

mark boundaries of inherited land: ch'ak 

lum. 

move in boundary markers on another's corn 

field: vetz' chobtik, vetz'bey chob. 

move in boundary markers on another's 

property: vetz' lum, vetz'bey lum. 

bring by force: jcx:h'. 

bring forcibly: tzajal-'ik'. 

bought on credit: HalzinbU. 

receive on credit k'ex. 

take on credit: Hatzin. 

that taken on credit Hatzinej. 

chabiel, chabiomal, chabivanej. 

vinaj. vinajes. 

cateh a contagious disease: ch'am, •ch'amlan. 

divided up: vok'bil. 

(lost object as money, featiiers): tam, tamolaj. 

find what one was looking for: 'il, ta. 

food 

gatiier 

gathered 

get 

gift 

glean 

gleaning 

gleanings 

granary 

guard 

guest 

guide 

hand 

handful 

hafred 

have 

held 

help 

hold 

husband 

include 

inheritance 

find what one was searching for or that suits 

the purpose: nuptan. 

filch food: tas ve'el, tasbey ve'el. 

pilferer of focxl: jtasol-ve'el. 

tzob, kunaj, kunan, kuntzaj. 

gather together: busan, tzob, tzobaj, tzobajes. 

tzoban, tzobey, tzobvan. 

tzobol, •chanul. 

gatiiered together: tzobanbil, tzobbU. 

objects being gathered: tzoboj. 

objects gathered together: tzobben. 

la. 

get with insistence: tzob 'ikatz. 

go to get something: bein. 

receive a gift 'ich' moton, matantay. 

k'uxk'ultay. 

corn: k'uxk'ulaj. 

k'uxk'ulajel. 

gleaning of corn after harvest: k'uxk'ul. 

corn gleanings: tzo' vojton. 

store in a granary: tenay. 

chabi, jchabiomal, jchabivanej. 

receive a guest 'ula'an, 'ulo'in. 

take as one's guide: ba'yi. 

object held in hand: yomoj. 

(candles): yomben. 

hafred one receives: 'iletel, 'iletel 'ilel, tzajal 

'ilel. kola'al 'Uel. 

'oy. 'oy 'u'lm. 

object being held in one's hand: mich'oj. 

object held: japiej. 

object held in one's hand: mich'ben. 

help one receives: koltayabU, koltayel. 

object of one's help: koltayben. 

japi. 

(alcalde's staff, flyswatter): •chox. 

hold a candle: jap. 

hold a handful: jopopan. 

hold a sword: japi. 

hold dangling: lUc. lUcoj. 

hold in the fist: yom. 

hold in the hand: 'Uc. 

hold upright a handful in one's fist (beans. 

corn, untied object): mich'. 

object held: •choxoj. 

take a husband: val-te'in. 

include person in an activity: 'ak' lek 'ekuk. 

lek 'u'un 'ekuk. 

poko' bel nail. 

its 

kept 

lodging 

'u'un. 

place where something is kept: nak'obil. 

provide lodging for: 'ula'an. 

take lodgings: 'bc-kelmaj, 'bc-kelman. 'och, 

vay. 
534 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

lord 

luck 

master 

me 

mercy 

mind 

mine 

minor 

mouthful 

my 

oath 

obtain 

occupied 

occupy 

offense 

office 

opportunity 

own 

owned 

owner 

pick 

picked 

pity 

plead 

possess 

possession 

possessor 

privilege 

take as one's lord or king: 'ojovin. 

have good luck: nuptan 'utzil, nuptanbey 

'utzU. 

have great luck: 'ep 'esomaj 'u'un. 

take as one's master: 'ajvalej, 'ajvaUn. 

by or for me: 'u'un. 

mercy one receives: k'uxubinel, vokoltasel. 

store in one's mind (lo do or say at a later 

date): na' la 'olonton. 

'u'un, Ho'on 'u'un, Ho'on lekoj. 

be a minor (having a guardian): mu to k'ot 

la 'okel, mu to ta lak'in chabi ba tiUc, mu 

to ta tak'in k'ulej tuk. 

take a mouthful: 'um ch'ay. 

'u'un. 

take an oath: 'ich'bey juramento. 

'okelan. 

lekbil. 

object occupied: lekoj. 

occupied place: bet'oj. 

lek. 

offense tiiat one receives: mulaltasel, panel 

tamul. 

be enfrusted to an office: 'albil patan. 

entmsted with an office: 'ak'beybil patan, 

'albil patan. 

take the opportunity: kaj luk, Uk tuk, t'ab tuk. 

ta tojol. 

one's own: leknej tuk, lekoj tuk. 

object owned: lekoj. 

bet'oj liUc 'a'i. 

be the owner: lekoj tuk 'a'i. 

(beans, chilis, cotton, flowers, fruiQ: tul. 

(flowers, fmit): luch'. 

person who picks up object from the ground: 

jtamanej, jtamvanej. 

pick out: 'ap'ap'tik lok'es, lapaptUc lok'es. 

pick out or up (as when tiiey pick up grains 

on tiie groimd): lam. 

pick up from the ground: tamolaj. 

object picked up from the ground: tamol, 

tamolajel. 

pity one receives: k'uxubinel, yail, yainel. 

k'oponvan, Hu' k'opojel 'u'un. 

plead a case: koltay. 

'oy, 'oy 'u'un. 

become the property of: 'ech' ta lekom. 

'olol, chabiej, chabiej la na, chabiel ta na, 

kotol. 

be one's possession: patan 'ojov. 

jchabiej. 

person who has been granted a privilege: 

'aboltaybU vinik, jchabiej 'aboltayabil 

procure 

prophecy 

receive 

received 

receiver 

reception 

reclaim 

recompense 

recovered 

request 

respect 

rest 

restitution 

reward 

rewarded 

salvation 

share 

slap 

snateh 

snatched 

snatching 

supplied 

take 

tax 

tip 

tribute 

water 

whose 

win 

Hun. takibil vinik. 

prociu-e by one means or another: 'esomaj. 

prophecy received: toj-ti'iel. 

'ich'. 

receive or welcome visitor: nup. 

be received or welcomed with great pomp: 

toj 'utz nupey. 

jnupol. 

nupol. 

cha'-k'opoj. cha'-likes k'op. 

pakol. pakol 'aboltayvanej. 

recovered object: tamol. tamolajel. 

be granted a request: 'ak'beat. takbeat, Hu' 

'u'un. 

persistent or demanding request: k'anojel. 

request importunately: bot'ol-k'an. 

request repeated (witii supplications or threats): 

tzajal-k'an. 

respect that one receives: ch'uunel. 

be given a rest tzatzub, muib, nichimaj, 

nichimaj 'osU 'a'i. 

'ak'el k'exol, •pakxinel. 

'aboltayel, 'aboltayvanej, pakol. pakol 'aboltayvanej, pakol 'utzil, tojolil. 

'aboltaybU, pakbil 'utz. pakbU 'utzU 'u'un. 

tojoltasbU. 

be rewarded: tojoltasey. 

salvation one receives: koltayel. 

'olol. 

slap received: pok'benal, t'axbenal. 

poj, pojvan. 

pojbil. 

pojel. 

'ayanajesbil, 'elmajesbU, tz'akal. 

'ich', tzak. 

take a handful to put down: jopopan. 

take away: 'ich' batel. 

take away from: lok'esbey. 

take out: lok'es. 

taken out lok'esbil, lok'ol. 

collect taxes: 'ich' patan. 'ich' tak'in, tzob 

'ikatz, tzob patan, k'an patan. 

tax collection: 'ich'el patan, tzobel patan. 

k'anel patan. 

lax collector: jtzob-patan. 

pakol 'aboltayel, pakol 'aboltayvanej, tojel. 

collect tribute: 'ich' k'uk'. 

draw water: lup Ho'. 

draw water from a weU: lik Ho', 

drawing of water: Ha'bej, 

much'uy 'u'un U', much'uy lekoj Ii'. 

(inheritance, lottery): lekon. 

(lottery): 'ich'on. 
NUMBER 31 535 

you 

yours 

by or for you: 'u'un. 

'u'un, Ho'ot 'u'un. Ho'ot lekoj. Ho'ot ta 

tojol. 

lO.C. Give 

administer 

aid 

alms 

alms-giver 

benefactor 

bequeath 

bread 

charitable 

charity 

credit 

distribute 

divide 

donor 

dowry 

example 

exchange 

gift 

give 

given 

giver 

help 

hostage 

lend 

administer to (giving something to someone): 'et'es. 

'abolajel. 

aid the poor or miserable: 'aboltay. koltay. 

yain. 

come to the aid of: tal. 

give alms: 'abolaj, 'abolan, 'aboltay, 'aboltayvan. 

give alms to: 'ak'bey 'aboltayel. 

j'abolajel, j'aboltayvanej. 

j'utzU-pasvanej. 

'al, taki. 

broken piece of bread given to beggars: xut, 

xutiUil vaj. 

charitable person: j'aboltayvanej. 

'aboltayel, 'aboltayvanej, jalal 'ilel, jalal 

'ilvanej, jol 'ilvanej. 

do charity: 'aboltay. 

give on credit: 'ak' ta ch'amol, 'ak' ta HatzU. 

puk, vok', vok'Uan. 

distribute among selves: 'ak'bey ba. 

distribute to: 'ak'bey. pukbey. 

divide up among selves: 'ak'bey ba. 

jk'eel. jk'elanvanej. 

yolob te'. 

give a dowry to: 'ak'bey yolob te'. 

example one gives: tz'ak-patianab. tz'akpatiel. k'eluyanab. k'eluyel. 

give an example: 'al nopobU, 'al p'isobU, 

nop, p'is. 

k'ex, k'extay. 

k'eelU, tekpanU. 

favor with a gift matarujes. 

reciprocal gift: pakol k'eel, pakol moton. 

'ak'. 'ak'bey, 'et'esbey, k'elan. 

give away: k'elan. 

give for free: k'elan. 

give to: 'ak'bey, k'elanbey. 

give without charge: 'ak' la k'elanel. 

given for free: k'elanbU. 

jk'eel, jk'elanvanej. 

koltay, koltayvan, koltayvanej, nintay. 

give hostages: 'ak' jlok'ob k'op, lok'obk'optay. 

giving of hostages: lok'ob-k'optayel. 

'ak' ta ch'amol, 'ak' la ch'amunel, 'ak' ta 

ch'om. 

lender 

lending 

loan 

loaned 

lodging 

medicine 

mercy 

message 

motive 

obligate 

offer 

offering 

office 

opportunity 

pay 

poor 

present 

prophecy 

provide 

provider 

recompense 

refund 

rent 

repay 

retaUate 

return 

reward 

rewarder 

sacrifice 

sermon 

share 

slap 

j'ak' ta ch'amol, j'ak' ta ch'amunel. 

ch'amol. 

return a loan: sutes. 

'ak'ebU ta ch'amol. 

give lodgings to: 'ix-kelman. 

provide lodging for: 'ula'an. 

administer medicines: poxtaj. 

have mercy: k'uxubinvan. 

give message: 'al 'a'yej. 

give the motive for: 'ibeltas. 

obligate self to or for another: lok', lok'tay. 

'al, k'eelaj, k'eelan, k'op, ti'. 

k'eelU. 

give an offering: k'elaj, k'elan. 

entmst office to: 'ak'bey patan, 'albey patan. 

entmst one's office to another: va'an k'exol. 

provide the opportunity: kajes, Ukes, t'abes. 

pay in three instaUments: cha' ox toj toj. 

aid tiie poor in thefr needs: yain. 

lift up the poor or downcast: p'Ues. 

raise the poon toyes. 

k'eelU, k'elan. 

present that is given: motonil. 

send present in return: pak moton. 

prophecy given: toj-ti'ivanej. 

'elmajes. vinajes. 

provide clothes, food and lodging: mak'lin. 

provide for: tz'akubtas. 

provide for person in want: makbey me'anal. 

j'ayanajesvanej, j'elmajesvanej. 

'ak' pakol 'aboltayel, pak 'aboltayel, pakbey 

'aboltayel 'u'un, pakbey 'utzil. 

'ak* k*exol. 

pay rent: 'och patan 'u'un. 

repay in kind: pak. 

sut la tojol tuk, sutejes ta tojol tuk, sutejesbey 

ta tojol tuk. 

•pakax, •pakxin. 

return a loan: •pakxin. 

retiu-n of gift or insult: pakol. 

'aboltay, 'ak' pakol 'aboltayel, pak 'aboltayel, pakbey 'aboltayel 'u'un, pakbey 

'utzil, toj. 

jpak 'aboltayel, jpak-'utz. 

k'eelU, k'elaj, k'elan, motonil. 

human sacrifice: kupvanej ta moton ch'u. 

sacrifice bfrds: mil. 

sacrifice people: kup, kupvan. 

stone on which they performed sacrifices: 

ch'anob, ch'anobU ton. 

give a sermon: tzitza'aj. 

pay one's share: lekojlekoj toj ve'el. 

slap given: pok'ben, t'axben. 
536 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

supply 'ayanajes. 

support tz'akubtas, mak'lin, sak-^ti'in, yain. 

tax pay tax: 'al patan, pak patan. 

tip 'ak' pakol, 'ak'bey tojol, pak 'aboltayvanej, 

pas 'aboltayel, toj. 

fransfer (debt, command, office): p'asoj 'u'un. p'asojes. 

fribute pay tribute: 'al patan, pak patan, patnej. 

turn turn over to: 'ak'bey, 'et'esbey. 

work give work to: 'abtejes, patnejes. 

lO.D. Lose, discard, remove, escape. See also put, place, 

etc., 9B. 

abandon 

abandoned 

bet 

carry 

confiscate 

credit 

current 

decline 

decrease 

decreased 

deprive 

diminish 

diminished 

diminishment 

discard 

discarded 

dishorned 

distance 

drain 

drained 

ear 

escape 

escaped 

excuse 

'Uctay. 

'Uclaybil, komesbil. 

lose bet: 'ale. 

carry off: poj. pojvan. 

tzajal-poj. pojbey. 

confiscate anotiier's property in a dispute: 

lekbey. 

lose one's credit: mu k'ot k'op. 

Stem tiie current kUctzaj. 

(in number, population, property or rank): 

vetz'. 

(person, property): jayub. 

'ul. 'ulel. k'oxib, tup', vetz', vetz'es. 

(water): bUc'taj. 

decrease in number: jayub, jutebaj. 

tup'ul, vetz'el. 

'alantas, jel. 

'ules, ch'ay, tup', 

ch'ayal. 

time or place of diminishment (of one's sins): 

ch'ayeb. 

jip ch'ay, yokin ch'ay. 

jipbil, yokinbil. 

object being discarded: jipoj, yokinej. 

t'ijt'ij. 

remove to a greater distance: jakes. namajes. 

drain off: 'ules. 

be drained: takij. 

be drained off (sfrength, water): 'ul. 

cut off one's ear: jotz' chikin, lok'es chUcin. 

jatanel, jatav, jatavel, jatval, jin, kol. 

escape deatii: kol ta chamel. 

escape from danger: koles ba. 

escape from person: jatviltay. 

escaped from being killed: kol-miluk. 

kol-kom. koliUc. 

escaped from being killed: kol-majuk, 

escaped from capture: kol-japiiUc. 

escaped from death: kol-chamiUc. 

metz'. taki. 

be one who excuses himself: yauk 'oy. 

faU 

filch 

flee 

fleeing 

flow 

free 

frighten 

fugitive 

grave 

guUt 

hafr 

husk 

impound 

impoundment 

law 

leak 

leave 

left 

lop 

lose 

loss 

lost 

excuse oneself: ya ti*. 

excuse oneself even though tmthfully: pok 

ba. 

keep excused: takibil. 

person who excuses himself: jya-ti^il. 

(beads from a ribbon, cloth): kol. 

(leaves, fmit): lUij, titij. 

faU out (hafr): lUij, titij. 

tas, tasbey. 

jin, kol ta jatval. kol ta jinel. 

flee to the hUls: jatav. 

make flee to the hUls: jatvUtas. 

make person flee: jines. 

prevent from fleeing: ch'anantas, ch'anies. 

flow out without bubbles: lok'. 

kuxes, yaxubes, Hitun. 

free person from his oath: ch'aybey k'op 

juramento. 

frighten person from carrying out a plan: 

k'asbey 'olonton. 

'ay ta muk'ta 'anU, jjatanel, jjatavel. jjatvil, 

jjinel. 

have one's grave removed: k'exbil mukenal. 

move one's grave: k'exbey mukenal. 

rid oneself of guilt: pok ba. 

cUp one's hafr: pasbey 'isim, pasbey jol. 

cUp or crop hafr (of criminals): tulbey jol. 

crop hafr (of those who have committed 

some crime): tul jol. 

pull one's hafr out jotz. 

tear one's hafr: jotz jol. 

with one's hafr lorn out jotzbil jol. 

(beans, broad beans): sol. 

(broad beans): cho'. 

'a'i ta k'ubul. 

impound one's possessions: 'ak' ta k'ubul 

bel na. k'uban bel na, nak'bey bel na. 

k'ubanel bel naU, nak'beyel bel nail. 

abolish a law: pajes takiej. 

annul one's law: lajes takiej. 

(glass): *uch'. 

(glass, roof): tz'uj. 

'iktay, kom 'u'un, komes, lok', lok'es ba. 

be forced to leave behind: tzajal-komes. 

leave object lo be sold or bought: komesbey. 

be left: kom. 

lop off: k'abay. 

ch'ay 'u'un. 

lose bet (or) game: 'aleyat 

lose one's way: Hovi, Hovi ta be. 

ch'ayel. 

ch'ayal. 

be lost ch'ay. 

get lost: ch'ay. 
NUMBER 31 537 

miss 

mourning 

office 

overflow 

pass 

peel 

pmne 

pruned 

rank 

remove 

removed 

roof 

rubbish 

scale 

scaled 

scatter 

scrapings 

seal 

shame 

shear 

shoo 

shooed 

shooing 

skim 

slacken 

slackened 

slackness 

snateh 

snatehed 

snatehing 

spill 

spilt 

spout 

sprinkle 

get lost (on fraU): k'ej be, k'ejey ta be. 

lost person: jch*ayel vinik. 

person who has lost his way: jHoviel, 

miss person (on frail): k*ej ta be. 

remove mourning clothes: 'iktay 'ik*al pok*, 

lok* la 'Uc*al pok*. 

deprive of office: ch*anantas, jel, lok*es. 

mal, malemal. 

pass by without meeting on the frail: jel, jel 

ha UCL» 

(pears or apples witii a knife): cho', jos. 

k'abay, lok'esbey k'ob. 

pmned part k'okbenal. 

lose rank: 'Uctay. 'ilan 'ajvalel, 'ul, bik'taj, 

tup'. 

renounce one's rank: komes 'ajvalel. 

batates, jakes, likes, lok'es. 

remove chiggers, mites, or thorn from one's 

flesh: luch. 

remove to a greater distance: jakes. 

lok'esbil, lok'ol. 

uncover or remove thateh or tiles from a roof: 

jol. 

ch'iUbenal. pokbenal. 

mbbish heap: k'a'-'ep. k'a'-'eptUc, 

scale a fish: jos sol choy. 

josbU sol. 

pojbey ba. pojpojbey ba. puk ba. pukbey ba, 

p'up'un, tanibey, yokin. 

josbenal, juxbenal. 

remove a seal from: lok'esbey 'etel, tup'bey 

'etel. 

lose one's shame: pimil-baij. 

shear (with a razor): jos. 

shear w(X)len stuff: lotz' tzotzU, lotz'bey 

tzotzil. 

(bfrds, cattie. dogs): yo. 

shoo flies: yo 'us, yo Ho. 

yobU. 

yo. 

(frotii): jotz' vok, jotz'bey vok. 

k'un-yamaj, yamaj. 

yamal. 

k'un-yamajel, yamajel. 

poj, pojvan. 

pojbil. 

pojel. 

mal. 

malbU. 

material being spUt: maloj. 

material that has been spilt: malben. 

t'oj. 

(of Uquid): t*ojel. 

vitz*. vitz* Ho'. 

spurt 

squandered 

squanderer 

Sfray 

take 

teetii 

tiiin 

thinned 

throw 

tootii 

loss 

use 

used 

watered 

weeding 

weight 

wing 

withdraw 

lO.E. ] 

breach 

break 

(with the hand or hyssop): vitz*es. 

tok*. 

be squandered: ma'-batik bat, ma'-batUc laj. 

mu vinaj bat 

jlajesvanej. ma'-batik jlajesel. 

Sfray off the Une or path: k'ejp'uj, nijp'uj, 

take away: 'ich' batel. 

take away from: lok'esbey. 

take out: lok'es. 

taken out lok'esbil. lok'ol. 

lose or remove one's teeth: puk'um 'e. 

thin out tek'eltek'el lok'es. 

thin out (lettuce, frees): tek'ek'tik lok'es. 

tek'ek'tik lok'esbU. tek'eltek'el lok'esbU. 

be thinned out: tek'eltek'el lok'. 

throw out lok'es. 

have one's tooth fall out: lUij 'e. 

toss out: jip ch'ay, yokin ch'ay. 

use up: lajes, sak-ch'ay 'u'un. 

used up: lajem. 

malataybil. 

plants removed by weeding: 'ak'in. 

lose weight sap', 

loss of weight sap'al. 

bfrd's wing stripped of feathers: xUc'. 

batat batbat jak, lUc. yanij. 

lO.E. Damage, desfroy, cut, tear, crack, untie 

ch'ojoUl tenam ton. 

ch'ijbenal, javalul, k'ojbenal, k'okoUl, t'us, 

t'usuUl, vok'benal, vok'olU. 

(cord, fiber, thread): tuch'. 

break cord or thread: ch'ak. 

break in two: cha'-jech 'ayan, cha'-jot 'ayan 

'u'un, cha'-vok' 'ayan, ta 'o'lol jat 

break into pieces: jav. 

break into pieces with the whole hand: jav. 

break loudly (beam, support): k'aslaj. 

break off (legs of the benches they sit on, 

squashes or other objects with a thick 

stem): k'ok. 

break one thing against anothen ch*ij, k*oj. 

break open (pomegranates, cotton): jav, vok'. 

break or cut roots or vines with which tiiey 

bind the wood of thefr houses: ch'ak, 

tuch*. 

break or smash (eggs, avocados, head, pot, 

boards, tiles): vok*. 

break or snap (stick, pole, candle, long 

object): k'as, k'av, 

break the end off: ch'uy, 

break up (ship): jav, vok'. 

break with one's fmgers: xut 
538 

broken 

burst 

chew 

chewed 

chipped 

chop 

clothing 

crack 

cracked 

crash 

crashing 

crooked 

crumble 

crumbled 

ch'ijbU,javbil, k'asal, k'asbil, k'aval, k'avbU, 

k'ojbU, k'okbU, k'okol, tuch'bU, tuch'ul, 

t'usul, voch'bil, vok'bil, vok'ol. 

be broken in two: cha'-k'os k'asey, cha'-

vok* vok'ey. 

be broken open: voch'. 

broken open: vok'ol, 

broken piece: ch'uyulU, xutuUl, tuch'. tuch'uUl, 

t'usuUl, vok'oUl, 

with tiie end broken off: ch'uybU jol, 

ch'uyul. 

luch', t'us. 

chew or gnaw (as clothes moths or mice eat 

clothing): k'ux. 

chew wood (worms): joch'. 

xaxbil. 

jepbil, jepel, voch'bil, voch'ol. 

badly chipped: voch'voch'tik. 

chipped badly: voch'oltik. 

bajbonet baj, boj, p'as. 

ragged clotiiing: lo'ol k'u'. 

wrinkle in clothing: pux. 

'ap'al, 'ap'el, tzUc'el, izUc'Uul, t'aj, t'ajalU, 

t'ajel, vok'olU. 

(as earth, fresh tile or wood cracks in the 

sun): jat. 

(board, window, door): 'ap'alul. 

bad crack: 'up'el. 'up'ulU. 

crack badly: 'up', 

crack open: tzik'. 

crack open (ground): 'ap'. 

'ap'al, jalal, t'ajal, vok'bU, vok'ol. 

badly cracked: 'ap'ap'tik, t'ajajtik. 

cracked in many places: 'ap'ap'tik, 'up'up'tUc, 

tzik'Uc'lUc. 

cracked open: tzUc'il. 

cracked wall: 'up'ul. 

(support or beam when breaking): voch'laj. 

crashing sound (support, beam): voch'lajel, 

voch'latel. 

lukluk, nelnel. 

become crooked (line, edge, road): k'ejp'uj. 

go crooked (line, path): nelp'uj. 

p'uyUan. 

(bread): xiUt. 

cmmble witii the fingers or as parrots 

cmmbUng bread into large cmmbs or 

small pieces: sesen. 

cmmble with the hands: ju'. 

crumble with the hands (lumps of sugar): 

p'uy. 

p'uybU, p'uyul, xulbU, xutul. 

cmmbled object ju'ben, p'uyben. 

object being cmmbled: ju'oj, p'uyoj. 

SMTTHSONL^ CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

cut jis, jisbenal, jos, josbenal. 

(cloth into many pieces): kupilan. 

(upright object as a free): tz'et. 

(with scissors, etc.): lotz'oj. 

(witii two things, as scissors or as they cut 

the thatch for thefr houses with an ax and 

a stick): lotz', sep'. 

cut in strips: jis, 

cut into pieces: t'ol. 

cut off: k'okbU, k'okol. 

cut short: komes. 

cut the end off: ch'uy, 

cut to pieces (cloth): jisulan, 

cut with scissors: kup, 

object being cut: sep'oj, 

damage kola'ajes, 

damaged be damaged: tz'i'lej, kola'aj, 

decay joch'ib, 

defect komenalU, pajbenal. 

demoUsh jines, 

(house, building): jin. 

demoUsh or puU down (house, building): 

tuk, tiUces, 

dented lom, lomol, potz', potz'ol, •vuch, •vuchul, 

be dented: 'och lomliUc, 'och potz'luk, 

potz'aj, 

become dented: lomtzaj, 

dented in many places: lomomtik, 

slightly dented: lomlom. lomoUomol, 

potz'olpotz'ol, potz'potz', •vuchulvuchul, 

•vuchvuch, 

desfroy lajes. sok, sokes, 

desfroyed be desfroyed: ch'ay. 

deterioration 'ulel. 

devastate ch'ay, lajes. 

devastated be devastated: ch'ay. 

be devastated in war: laj. 

disorder jinel. 

throw into disorder: sok, sokes, 

dissolution bak'el, 

disturb bak'es, sok. sokes, 

disturbance 'ok'el 'osU. ch'ijetel. 

excite disttirbances: ch'ijet 'osU 'u'un. k'oplay 

'osil. k'ulet 'osil 'u'un. nUces 'osU, sokes 

'osil. 

entangle sokes, yakubes. 

entangled become entangled: sokes ba. 

explode jinet. 

explosion jinetel. 

fall (beads from a ribbon, cloth): kol. 

feUed tz'etbil. 

feUed free: tz'etob. 

free being feUed: tz'etoj, 

feUing be engaged in felUng frees: tz'etav. 
NUMBER 31 539 

feUing of frees: tz'etob. 

gnaw (as clothes moths or mice eat clothing): k'ux. 

gnawed area gnawed by a mouse: joch'ben ch'o. 

gnawed area: joch'benal. 

hafr tear one's hafr: bul tzotzil jol. 

half break in half: ta 'o'lol jat. 

kiU tzames, tzamesvan. cham 'u'un. 

kiU by cutting to pieces: ch'uyUan-tzames. 

jatulan-tzames, sesen-tzames. 

kiU freacherously: muktal-tzames. 

person who kiUs us: 'ajval. 

kiUer jtzamesej, jtzamesvanej. 

mUdew kux, kuxin. 

(on bread): kux vaj. 

mUdew in wine: kux chi'. 

mUdewed 'ip kux. 

motii clothes moth: chanul pok', k'ux-pok'. 

neglect ch'ajleytay, mukul-'oltay. 

obstmct mo 'ipuk. 

obstmcted (no longer desfred): xoj-k'optaybiluk. 

be obstmcted: 'oy patan. 

be obstmcted in some matten laj tza, paj tza. 

piece piece torn off a gown: bUc'tajeb. 

piUage tzak, tzakel bel na ta ch'ilomal k'op, pojel 

na la yabutil. 

pound pound to pieces: voch', 

pounded be pounded to pieces: v(x:h', 

reputation desfroy one's reputation: ch'ay na'el 'u'un, 

ch'ay xi'el 'u'un, 

rip ch'ak, ch'akalul, ch'i', ch'i'ilul, ch'utul, jat 

jat, jatalul, lo'olU, tuch', 

rip clothing: ch'ak, 

ripped ch'akal, ch'akbU, ch'i'U, jalal, lo'ol, tuch'bU, 

tuch'ultUc. 

ripped in many places: ch'akaltik, ch'i'iltUc, 

lo'oltUc. 

rot k'a', k'as. 

rotten k'o'. 

mst kux, vok tak'in. 

sawed object being sawed: kupoj, p'asoj. 

scarify jisulan. kupilan, t'ol, 

scorch juteb k'ak'es, k'an-k'ak'. k'an-k'ak'es. 

scorched be scorched: juteb k'ak'. 

scratch jot', jot'benal, 

scratch hard: ch'oti, 

scratch of cat or tiger: jot'ben. 

shatter shatter witii blows: maj, vok'. 

sUce jis, k'al, k'ol, t'ol. 

(bread, melon): xut. 

single sUce: j-jisjis. 

sliced jisbU, k'albil, t'olbil. 

smash voch'. 

(eggs, avocados): t'us. 

smashed t'usul, voch'ol, vok'bU, vok'ol. 

snapped 

sound 

split 

spoil 

spoiled 

stab 

stagnant 

slain 

stained 

submerge 

tear 

leanng 

torn 

undo 

undone 

unravel 

unraveled 

untied 

wing 

wormeaten 

worn 

k*asal, k*asbU, k*aval, k'avbil. 

sound lUce a cracked bell: ch'ejch'on. 

sound of beam or support breaking: k'aslajel, 

k'aslajetel. 

sound of pottery smashing: ch'aklajetel. 

sound of smashing earthenware: pojlajetel. 

jat, jalal, jatbU, jav, javbil. I'ajal. t'ajaUl. 

t'ajel. t'oxbenal, t'oxli. 

(as the ground, fresh tile or green wood does 

in the sun): tzUc', t'aj. 

(fu-ewood, wood): jat, jav, t'ox. 

badly spUt t'ajajtUc. 

be split in two: cha'-jech t'oxey. 

deUberately spUt: t'oxbU. 

split gradually: •chal. 

split in two: cha'-jot 'ayan, cha'-t'ox 'ayan 

'u'un, cha'-t'ox cha'ley, cha'-t'ox t'ox. 

split open (cotton, ripe pomegranate): jam, 

tuk. 

tz'i'lejes, tz'i'ley, tuib. 

tz'i'leybU. 

Jul, jul la majel, xen, yalel. 

slab with a lance: xen ta majel. 

slab wound: julbenal, julel. 

become stagnant: tz'antzaj, tz'antzayaj, 

tz'aney. 

'Uc'ubal, kola'ajes, pUc'ixtay. 

pik'ix, pUc'ixtUc. 

be stained: kola'aj. 

become stained: pUc'bctay. 

(ship, canoe): mul ch'ay, pul ch'ay. 

ch'ak, ch'akalul, ch'i', ch'i'ilul, ch'utiil, jat 

jatalul, jatel, lo'olil, tuch'. 

(clothing): jat. 

tear down: jines. 

tear down (house, buUding): jin. 

tear to pieces (cloth): jisulan. 

tear up: ch'ay. 

keep tearing: jamlan. 

ch'akal, ch'akbil, ch'i'il, jalal, lo'ol, tuch'ul, 

tuch'ultUc. 

lorn in many places: ch'i'iltik, jataltik. 

ch'ak, tilp'un, tuk. 

come undone: ch'ak, tilp'uj, Hituj. 

tilch'uj, tilch'un. 

unraveled clotii: tz'otbU pok', chichinab 

pok'. 

mu chukbiluk, Hitil. 

bird's wing sfripped of feathers: xik'. 

joch'. 

become wormeaten: joch'ib, joch'in. 

(old cloth): naka 'ak'U. 

be worn out: bik'taj. 

worn out lajem. 
540 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

U. Thought prcx:esses, education, learning and knowledge 

accord 

acquaint 

admit 

advice 

advise 

advised 

agreement 

amazement 

ask 

asked 

assume 

astonished 

beUef 

beUeve 

beUeved 

bored 

clarity 

clear 

cognizance 

comment 

compose 

confused 

confusion 

consider 

consult 

copy 

correct 

corrector 

of one accord: ko'ol. 

acquaint oneself with: 'a'i tojol, na'bey tojol. 

vinajes. 

request advice: jak' tza, k'an tza. 

va'an. 

va'al. 

person being advised: va'anej. 

tzobol k'op, •chanul k'op, ch'akeb k'op, 

ch'akob k'op, nopeb k'op. tojol. 

be in agreement: junjun k'op, ko'ol k'op. 

Ha' no 'ox k'op. 

iUicit agreement tzobol labal k'op. 

in agreement: HechtUc. 

yakil. 

be stmck with amazement: ch'ay 'olonton. 

stmck with amazement: yakyak. 

jak', jak'bey. jak'van. 

jak'beybil, jak'bU. 

Ha' na' 'oy. 

be astonished: laban. 

be astonished at tiie price or beauty or at the 

loyalty of someone: labaj. 

ch'uunel. 

be worthy of belief: tojol 'oy ch'uuneyuk. 

ch'uun, ch'uunvan. 

beUeve in: 'ak' ta 'olonton. 

beUeve in a person: ch'uunbey k'op, muk'tayebey k'op. 

beUeve mistakenly: 'a'. 

that which is beUeved: ch'uunej. 

that which must be beUeved: ch'uunbol. 

be bored by: tavan 'ilel 'a'i, tavan ba 'a'i. 

tzaijel. 

tzaibil, nopbU, sutesbil. 

(not difficult): mo tzotziUc. 

tza. 

sutes, valk'un. 

(couplets, song, words): nop. 

sokoltik. 

be confused in conversation, speech, or the 

doctrine: sok 'u'un. 

jinel, sa'el, sokel. 

'at 'olonton, 'at la 'olonton, na' ta 'olonton. 

k'opon ba. 

consult witii many: tzobol-k'opon ba, •chanulk'opoj, •chanul-k'opon ba. 

chanbey, lok'tay. 

'utz. 

(person, writing): tojobes, tojobtas. 

(of unspecified subject): jtojobtasvanej. 

corrector of : jtojobtasej . 

counsel 'ol, tzitz, tzitza'aj, tzitzel, tzitzo'. 

counselor jtzitza'ajel, jtzitzvanej. 

custom pasel, talel, Hech talel. 

deUberate ch'ak 'olonton, pas 'olonton, 

deUberation ch'akel 'olonton, pasel 'olonton, 

deny mu vinajes, muk, ya ti'. 

devise nop, nop la 'olonton. 

difficult 'ip tzatzal, tzotz, tzotz 'abtelanel, tz'i'lel. 

be difficult 'ip 'abtel 'a'i, *ip tz'i'lelal. 

become difficult: tzatzub, tzotz 'ayan. 

seem difficult 'ip tzatzal 'a'i, 'ip tz'i'lelal 

'a'i. 

difficulty 'abtel, 'abtelanel. 

with difficulty: 'ok'elal. 

discuss pas k'oplal. 

discussion have a discussion set in order: choley k'op. 

propose a discussion: mel, •pochan k'op, 

ta'an. 

theme of a discussion: likeb t'abbil k'op. 

divulge puk, puk 'a'yejal. 

doctor doctor who teaches: jchanantasvanej. 

doctiine chanob k'op. 

make a mistake in the dcx:trine: sa' 'u'un. 

doubt chib 'olonton, nop ta 'olonton. 

doubtful be doubtful: mu to jaka na'ot, mu to jaka 

vinaj, sa'al 'olonton. 

become doubtful of: chibaj 'olonton. 

draw tz'ibay, p'is. 

draw in ink: tz'ibaj, 

drawn tz'ibaybU, p'isbil, 

(fream vayichil, vayichin, 

dream up: na'-tzai, na'-tzaij, nop ta 'olonton. 

figure out a dream: nop vayichU. 

vision: 'ilben la vayichU. 

dull naka k'op. 

dull-witted dull-witted person: boUl vinik, pek'a vinik. 

dunce lo'U vinik. 

easUy sob, 

easy mo 'ipalajuk, 

be easy: mo tz'i'leltUc, mu tzaUajuk, 

easy lo do: mo tzotzuk pasel, 

easy to learn: mo tzotzuk na'el, 

edify 'ak' ba ta k'el vinik, 

edify oneself: tz'ak-pati, chan, k'eluy. 

embeUish tzatzajes. 

embeUished 'oy tzatzajel. 

emblem vinajebal, 

example lok'ob, lok'tayab. 

example being followed: chanob, 

example one follows: tz'ak-pativanej, 

k'eluyab. 

example one gives: tz'ak-patianab, tz'akpatiel, k'eluyanab, k'eluyel. 

follow an example: tz'ak-pati, chan, k'eluy. 
NUMBER 31 541 

give an example: 'al nopobU, 'al p'isobU, 

nop, p'is. 

person who foUows an example: jk'eluyvanej. 

person who sets an example: jchanvanej, 

jk'eluyan. 

set an example: *ak' ba ta k'el vinik. 

excite 'ak' pas, 'ak'bey k'op, 

excuse metz'ajel, pom, ya ti'il, yaob ti'il. 

wordy excuse: pamijel. 

experience 'a'i, 'a'iel. 

experienced 'a'ibil. 

be experienced: 'oy pas. 

experiment 'il. 

explain 'ak' 'a'i, tzaibU k'opoj, lekojlekoj k'opoj, 

nopbU k'opoj, sut k'opoj, sutejes, sutes, 

sutp'in, tojol-k'opoj. 

explain at length: metz'aj, pamij. 

person who explains at length: jmetz'ajel, 

jpamijel. 

explanation suteb, sutejeb, sutp'ijeb. 

wordy explanation: metz', metz'ajel, pamijel, pom. 

fable 'ik'ti', lo'lo k'op, vokol. vokolil k'op. 

tell fables: 'ik'ti'ij. 'ik'ti'in, vokolij, vokoUn. 

teller of fables: 'ik'ti'U k'op. 

famiUar be famiUar with: chi'in. 

famiUar thing: chi'il. 

figure figure out (as when we figure out a price or 

how a thing is made): nop. 

forget ch'ay 'a'i. 

make forget: 'ak' ch'ayuk ta 'olonton. 

make person forget ch'ay 'olonton 'u'un. 

forgetful forgetful person: jch'ay-'olonton. 

forgotten be forgotten: ch'ay 'olonton, mu na'ot. 

graduate (priest): Uk 'u'un sacerdoteal. 

graduate from priestiy orden 'ich' padreil. 

guess tza, tzai 'olonton. na'-tzai. na'-tzaij, na'non, 

na'nonet, nop ta 'olonton. 

guess right na'. 

guide ba'yi, ba'yitas, jba'yi, chanantas ta be, vesan. 

lake as one's guide: ba'yi. 

historian jmel-vokol, jvokolinom. 

historic historic deeds: vokolU pasnej. 

tell historical accounts: vokolij. 

history 'Uc'ti'U, vokol, vokolU. 

(written): tz'ibaybU 'Uc'ti'. 

ancient history: poko' 'Uc'ti', poko' vokol. 

annual history: ju-jun 'abil vokol, ta ju-jun 

'abU vokol. 

contemporary history: nax to 'Uc'ti'. nax to 

vokol. 

current history: Ha' to vokol. 

daUy history: ju-jun k'ak'al vokol. 

identification 

image 

imagine 

imagined 

inform 

informed 

insignia 

interpret 

interpretation 

interpreted 

interpreter 

interrogation 

invent 

invention 

inventor 

investigate 

judge 

judged 

judgment 

know 

knowingly 

knowledge 

known 

learn 

learned 

leave 

lecture 

legal 

legend 

littie 

history in writing: Hun 'ik'ti'. Hun vokol. 

history or legend (written): tz'ibaybU vokol. 

recent history: 'ach' to 'ik'ti', 'ach' to vokol. 

relate person's history: 'al, vokolin. 

relate personal histories (especially the old 

people): kuy. 

mark of identification: vinajesabU. 

joch'bU lok'ob-baU, k'eluyabU, lok'ob, lok'obbaU, p'isobil. 

image maker: jk'oj lok'ob bail. 

'ak' ta 'olonton, tzai, na'-tzai, nop, nop la 

'olonton. 

tzaibil, tz'ibaybU, nopbU. 

'ak' 'a'i tojol, meltzajesbey k'op. meltzajesbey tojol. 

be informed: laj 'a'i k'oplal, laj 'a'i tojol. 

vinajebal. 

'ak' 'a'i, 'al tojol, ch'ambey k'op, jam. 

jambey, vinajesbey. 

interpret favorably: la 'utzil k'op nop. 

ch'amel k'op, sutejesel k'op, vinajeb. 

sutejesbU. 

jtzul-ti', jch'am-k'op, jsut-ti', vayajom k'op. 

jotz'-k'optayvanej. 

ba'yi jul la 'olonton. ba'yi lUces. ba'yi nop 

ta 'olonton. ba'yi vinajes, na' ba'yi, nop 

ba'yi. 

ba tza, ba tzaijel, ba vinajel, ba vinajesel, ba 

vinajesel, tzaijel, na'-tzaijel. 

jtzaijel. 

jotz'-k'optay. 

ch'ak, jololtas. 

Ch'akbU. 

ch'akel. ch'akvanej. 

judgment or resolution that has been made: 

ch'akben, ch'akben k'op. 

'ojtakin, 'ojtakinvan, na'. 

tza 'u'un, talel ta 'olonton. 

'ojtakinvanej, na'el, na'vanej. 

knowledge of person: 'ojtakinel. 

na'ot 

(to be good or evil): 'Uot 

chan. 

learn by heart: chan ta 'olonton, chan ta ti'. 

learn the doctrine: chan k'op dios. 

learn to make bread: chan pat-vaj. 

learned person: jna'vanej. 

leave quickly as from the church or school: 

soblaj lok', tUdaj lok'. •votol-lok'. •votolan lok'el. 

chanantasvan. 

decide a legal case: ch'ak. 

'ik'ti'U. vokol. 

hold in littie value: 'olonil 'a'i. 
542 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

living 

manner 

mark 

marked 

martyrology 

marvel 

mean 

meaning 

memory 

mention 

message 

messenger 

mind 

miss 

mistake 

motto 

narrator 

news 

notify 

opine 

opinion 

oratory 

parable 

perplex 

philosopher 

picture 

plan 

pointer 

practice 

premise 

proclaim 

precept for Uving: takiej. 

pasel, 

identification mark: 'ojtakinabU, 

'eteltasbil. 

na'obU k'ak'al. na'obU k'in. 

chamolajel, labanel. tup'olajel, tup'olanel. 

marvel at: chamolaj, 

'al, 

what does all tiiis mean?: k'usi chak Ii', k'usi 

chake, k'usi nop 'oy, 

sutejeb, tojol. 

na'obU, na'vanab, na'vanej. 

kuy, tij ta 'alel. 

'abatil k'op, 'ok'el, k'op. 

give message: 'al 'a'yej. 

'abat, 'abatU, 'abatok. 

send as a messenger: 'abatij, 'abatin, 'abatokin. 

tmsted messenger: jtzul-ti', vayajom k'op. 

'a'ivanab. 'a'ivanej, 'olontonU, ch'uleUl. 

na'vanab. na'vanej. 

change one's mind: sul 'olonton. 

make up one's mind: 'ak' la 'olonton. ch'ak 

'olonton, ch'ak ta 'olonton, ch'akoj 'olonton. 

of one mind: junjun. 

'ip na'. 

Hoviel. 

(in speech): sok. 

by mistake: yan 'ich', yan 'ik'. 

make a mistake in conversation, speech, or 

the dcx:trine: sok 'u'un. 

lok'om. 

narrator who reports what he has seen or 

heard: jmel-k'op, jmeltzanej-k'op. 

'a'yej, 'ach' k'op. 

bad news: kola'al 'a'yej, kolo' 'a'yej. 

report news to: tam ta chikin, va'an la 'a'yej. 

teU news: 'a'yej. 

'ak' 'a'i, taki. 

tz'ak-pati. 

tza, k'op. 

follow tiie opinion of: 'ich'bey tza. 

chanob tzitzo'. 

joy-k'op. 

ch'aybey 'olonton. 

j'ipal-metz', j'ipal-pom. 

tz'ib, k'eluy, k'eluyabU, p'is. p'isobU. 

tzai, nopben. 

'atob. 

chan. chanantas ba. 

indication or premise (for making a guess): 

na'-lzaiabU, na'obil. 

'aptay, 'avan. 

progress 

proUx 

prologue 

pronounce 

pronunciation 

proof 

question 

questioning 

reality 

reason 

reasonable 

reasoning 

recaU 

recognition 

recognize 

remember 

remembered 

remind 

reply 

report 

reporter 

request 

respond 

responder 

retablo 

make progress: xik'an. 

nat. 

jol k'op. 

lok'es ta ti', sutejes ta ti'. 

lok'esvanej ta ti'U, sutejesvanej ta ti'U. 

'a'iel. 

jak'beyel, jak'el, jak'ob k'op, jak'obU, 

jak'vanej, jotz'-k'optay, joy-k'optay. 

exfract information by indfrect questioning 

and close examination: lok'esbey ta jotz'-

k*oplayel. 

questioning on the rack: jak*obiI ta xuk'ul 

k*op. 

questioning under torture: jak*beyel ta k*uxul 

k*op, k*uxul k'op. 

batz'i k'op. 

until: batz'U. 

'a'yej, tzitza'aj. k'alal. 

give reason for: 'a'i. 

p'isol k'op. 

enigmatic reasoning: lut'ilanbU k'op. 

na'. 

'ojtakinvanej. 

recognition of person: 'ojtakinel. 

'ojtakin, 'ojtakinvan, chak 'oy 'U 'a'i, juteb 

'ojtakin, juteb na'bey ba, juteb tam sat. 

na'. tam la 'olonton. Hul ta 'olonton. 

be sure to remember to have someone do 

something good or bad: na'u. 

person to be remembered for doing something: na'uej. 

remember frequentiy: tam la 'olonton. 

remembered object: na'oj. 

na'bey. 

'al ti'. sutejes k'op. tak'. tak'av. 

reply many times: bichbonet tak'av. 

reply shamelessly or repeatedly: bichbonet 

tak'av. jatbU 'abnal ti' tak'av, jik'jonet 

tak'av, ti'inej ba tak'av. 

mel k'op, meltzajes k'op, meltzan k'op. 

meltzanel k'op, melel k'op, •pochan k'op, 

ta'an k'op, ta'anel k'op. 

report news to: jam ta chikin, jambey ta 

chUcin. 

report that one has heard: chikin. 

reporter who reports what he has heard or 

seen: jta'anej-k'op. 

deny or refuse a request: mu tak'bey. 

respond to enigmatic questions or signs: 

jambey toj-ti'iel. 

respond to riddles or signs: nopbey. 

j'al-ti'U. 

tz'ib. 

canvas retablo: tz'ibaybU pok'. 
NUMBER 31 

reveal 

revealed 

revealer 

revelation 

riddle 

rod 

mmor 

sage 

say 

school 

schoolteacher 

science 

sculpt 

sculpted 

seal 

sense 

sentence 

sermon 

sermonize 

show 

sign 

sketeh 

speaking 

wooden retablo: tz'ibaybU te'. 

jambey, james, tambey ta 'olonton, vinajes. 

vinajesbey, ye. 

jambeybU, tabeybU, tambeybU, vinajesbeybil. 

jjambeyvanej, jjamvanej. jtamanej. jtambeyvanej. jtamvanej. 

jambeyel. javayesej-k'op. 

divine revelation: jamvanej dios, tamvanej 

dios. 

have a revelation: na' ta jambeyel ta 'olonton 

'u'un cUos, na' ta tambeyel ta 'olonton 

'u'un dios. tambeat 'u'un dios. 

known by revelation: jambeat 'u'un dios. 

nopbU k'op. 

rod with which boys at school are beaten on 

the hand: pok'ob k'obil. pok'ob k'obol, 

pok'obil. 

mmor that one has heard: chUcin. 

j'at-'olonton. 

'al. chi. james. kuy. 

say that 'ut 

they say: la. 

chanantasvanab na, chanob na. 

dancing school: 'ak'otajeb, chanob 'ak'ot 

fencing school: chanob yabutil. 

jchabi-'unetik. 

na'vanej. 

sculpt wooden image: ch'oj, joch'. 

object to be sculpted: ch'ojbol. 

'eteltasabil. 

(document): 'eteltas. 

(on document): 'eteltasbenal. 

remove a seal from: lok'esbey 'etel, tup'bey 

'etel. 

common sense: talel tza, talel p'ijU. 

jololtas. 

tzitzo', tzitzoj, tzitzvanej, chanantasvanab 

k'op, chanantasvanej k'op. 

brief sermon: bUc'tal tzitzo'. 

give a sermon: tzitza'aj. 

theme of a sermon: lUceb tzitzo', likeb k'op. 

tzitza'aj. 

'ak' 'U, chanantas, vinajes, ye. 

show the way: 'ak'bey 'U be, chanantas ta be. 

show to: 'ak'bey 'U. 

'etelU. tz'ibay firma, pas ffrma. p'is, p'isol. 

vinajebal. 

make a sign (as when they make tiie sign of 

the cross with thefr fingers or signal to a 

mute): p'is. 

signs for making oneself understood: 'a'iabU. 

p'is. 

speaking figuratively: ta nopbU k'op. 

specify 

speculate 

speculation 

speculative 

spread 

startied 

statement 

story 

subtie 

subtlety 

suppose 

supposedly 

suspect 

teach 

teacher 

test 

tiiink 

thinking 

thought 

franslate 

franslated 

franslation 

franslator 

Tzotzil 

understand 

understandi 

warn 

warner 

warning 

weUacquainK 

what? 

why 

why? 

will 

wise 

543 

biUias. 

na'-tzai, na'-tzaij. 

tza, na'-tzaijel. 

speculative person: jtzainom. 

spread news: puk 'a'yej. 

be startied: xi'. 

'alben, 'utben. 

'alobil, kuyel, kuyobU. 

tell stories: 'abtelan, kuy, vokolij. vokolin. 

muk' k'op. muk' ta k'op, toj 'utz, toj lek 

'ilel, toj lek tzaibU pasel. 

'utzil, lekil. 

'a', 

la. 

chib 'olonton 'u'un. chib 'olonton ta tojol. 

k'opoj 'olonton, nop, nop la 'olonton. 

be suspect: nopey. 

be very suspect: 'ep nopel. 

'ak'bey tza, tzilz, chanantas, p'ijubtas. 

jchanantasvanej. 

'a'i. 

test each one: ju-jun tal 'a'i. 

test in many ways: k'an 'ilbey 'olonton. 

*a'i, 'ak' ta 'olonton, 'at 'olonton, 'at tza, 

tzai, tzaij, chi, na'-tzai, na'-tzaij. 

think frequentiy: •'oyo'oyo 'at 'olonton, 

•'oyo'oyo na'. 

think mistakenly: 'a', 

frequent thinking: •'oyo'oyo 'atel 'olontonil, 

•'oyo'oyo tzaijel. 

'atel 'olonton, tza, tzaijel. 

thought of: tzaibil. 

ch'ambey k'op, lok'tay, sut 'u'un, sutejes, 

sutes. 

ch'ambil, sutejesbU, sutesbU. 

ch'amel k'op, suteb, sutejeb, sutejel, sutel. 

jch'am-k'op. 

native language: k'op. 

person who speaks Tzotzil fluentiy: jna' 

k'op. 

'a'i. 

not understand well: mu toj 'a'i. 

understand very well: laj 'a'i. 

'a'iabU. 'a'ivanab. 

tzitz. tzitza'aj. taki. 

jtzitza'ajel. jtzitzvanej. 

tzitzo'. 

be well-acquainted witii: laal chi'in la 

xanbal. laal k'ot la na. 

k'usi, k'usi ma ti. 

why not?: k'usi koj mo'oj. 

koj, k'usi 'u'un, k'usi koj, k'usi k'alal. 

make a wiU: pas testamento. 

wise man who discourses at length: jtzaiej-
544 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

wonder 

'olonton. 

wonder at: 'elavaj. 

U.A. Literacy 

address 

answer 

author 

bind 

biography 

book 

bookseller 

bundle 

comment 

compose 

copy 

counterfeiter 

dot 

epitaph 

foomole 

forger 

forgery 

grammar 

history 

hymnal 

imitate 

ink 

inkstand 

inkwell 

inscription 

insert 

infroduction 

inventoried 

inventory 

legible 

letter 

libel 

tz'ibaj ta ba, tz'ibaj la pat. la 'ak'ol tz'ibaj. 

answer a letter: •pakxin k'exol Hun, pas 

k'exol Hun. 

jtz'ibay-Him, jp'asvanej. 

(books): tz'isan. 

vokoUl. 

tz'isbU Hun, Hun. 

back of a book: pat Hun. 

book margin: sakil Hun, ti'U Hun. 

book titie: bi Hun, vinajeb Hun. 

iUuminate a book: p'is Hun. 

iUuminate books: tz'ibay Hun. 

jchon-Hun. 

bundle of stitched pages: j-lotz. 

(in book): vaUc'ujeb. 

(couplets, song, words): nop. 

copy or imitate (writing, work): k'elubey. 

k'eluy, lok'taybey. 

jpak* tay vanej, jpak'tayvanej ta tz'ib. 

(in writing): 'etelU. 

(over a letter): punto. 

tz'ib, k'oplal. 

meltzajes, sutejes. 

jpak'tayvanej ta tz'ib. 

lok'tayel, pak'tayel, p'isel. 

chanob latin k'op. 

(written): tz'ibaybU 'Uc'ti'. 

history in writing: Hun 'ik'ti', Hun vokol. 

history or legend (written): tz'ibaybU vokol. 

Hun k'eyoj. 

(writing, work): lok'tay. 

'a'lel sibak, sibak. 

ink paste: xuch', xuch' chenek' te'. 

tz'ibajeb, tz'ibajebal. 

'av sibak, na sibak. 

tz'ib, lefratik. 

insert in pile (board, book): latz'. 

t'abeb k'op. 

infroduction of a book: likeb Hun. 

infroduction of a book or speech: likeb k'op. 

'ak'bil ta Hun, tz'ibaybU ta Hun, melbil ta 

Hun. 

tz'ibayel 'ayUc'lelU. 

inventory of possessions: 'ak'el bel na ta 

Hun, melel bel na la Hun. 

be legible: lak' 'ilel. 

'ak'balal Hun, Hun. 

(of the alphabeO: tz'ib, lefra. 

pukobil 'a'yejlal Hun. 

list 

mailbag 

map 

marriage 

memorial 

message 

messenger 

music 

novel 

page 

paper 

paragraph 

parchment 

pencil 

postage 

pray 

price 

print 

printed 

printer 

printing 

prologue 

pubUcation 

pubUsh 

quantity 

quiU 

read 

reader 

ream 

register 

registered 

reread 

rewrite 

rhetoric 

scribe 

seal 

biUtas. 

list in writing: tz'ibay bul. 

Ust of names: 'atob biU, 'atob vinUc, tz'ibaybU bi vinik. 

nakleb Hun, 

world map: lok'ob-ba kotol 'osU. 

marriage book: Hun nupunel. 

na'obil k'usitUcuk, 

'ak'balal Hun, HunbU k'op, 

jtak-Hun, Hunbil, 

line sheet music: pol Htm, polbey te'el Hun, 

p'is Hun. 

sheet music: k'oplal k'eyoj, 

vokoUl. 

lUc. 

sakU Hun, Hun, 

paper clip: lotz'ob Hun, 

lUceb tz'ib, likeb k*op, UkesabU tz'ib, likesabil k'op, 

jotzbU nukul, nukuUl Hun, pimU Hun. 

jutobil. 

tojol 'ak'el Hun, tojol 'ochel Him. 

pray aloud (as when we pray from tiie book 

of devotion or read): vixvon, vixvonet. 

price tag (sign that purchase price has been 

agreed upon): lUctzanabil. 

'och 'u'lm ta tak'in, tz'ibay la tak'in. 

tz'ibaybU la tak'in. 

be printed: 'och ta tak'in. 

j'otesej Hun ta tak'in, jtz'ibay Hun ta tak'in. 

tz'ibayab Hun. 

printing press: tz'ibajeb lak'in, tz'ibajebal 

tak'in. 

kajeb Hun. 

pubUcation of town crier: 'ov. 

puk, puk •a'yejal, puk k'op, vinajes. 

pubUsh aloud: k'eyojin. 

quantity of books: 'epal tz'albU Hun. 

tz'ibajebal k'uk'um, jotzbil k'uk*um, jomjom 

k'uk'um, k'uk'um. 

'U Hun. 

read to the end: sut 'u'un. 

j'U-Hun. 

j-lotz sakil Hun, resma. 

'atob biil, 'atob vinUc, 'otes bul ta Hun, 

meltzajesabil lok'ob. 

be registered: 'och ta Hun. 

cha'-'U. 

cha'-tz'ibay, cha'-tz'ibay Hun. 

chanob tzitzo'. 

tz'ibajom, jtz'ib, jtz'ibajel, jtz'ibayvanej. 

first scribe: ba tz'ibajom, ba jtz*ib, ba ta tz'ib, 

ba ta tz'ibajel. 

(document): 'eteltas. 
NUMBER 31 

secretary 

sheet 

sign 

signatifre 

silver 

Spanish 

stamp 

student 

studiously 

study 

subject 

tUde 

title 

fribute 

will 

write 

writer 

writing 

(on dcx^ument): 'eteltasbenal. 

jchabi muktal k'op. 

sheet of paper: Uk. 

tz'ibay ffrma, pas ffrma. 

firma. 

marked silver: 'eteltasbil sakil lak'in, julintasbU sakU lak'in. 

franslate into Spanish: sutes ta castillan k'op. 

sello. 

jchan-k'op, jchan-Hun. 

toj mak'Unej. 

chanantas ba, p'ijub. 

(in school): chan k'op, chan Hun, 

study music: chan k'eyoj. 

study of music or singing: chanob k'eyoj. 

smdy of Spanish: chanob castiUan k'op. 

study of the doctrine: chanel k'op dios. 

subject being studied: chanob. 

subject to be studied: chanbol. 

jol tz'ib, tUde. 

(legal): 'ibel. 

tribute notice: Hun patan. 

tz'akubtasel testamento, testamento. Ha' te 

jok'anbeat 

tz'ibaj, tz'ibay. 

writer who writes about metals: jtz'ibaytak'in. 

writer who writes about people: jtz'ibayvinUc. 

tz'ib. 

line of writing: j-chol tz'ib. 

12. Mathematical concepts, quantities, size, distance. 

age. 

abundance 

abundant 

add 

addition 

aU 

also 

amount 

and 

angle 

apiece 

armspan 

bacon 

barely 

big 

See also shape 3, similanty SG, 

nojel. 

'ep, laal, pim, •xol. 

become abundant 'epaj, pimij. 

make abundant: 'ak' pimijuk, pimijes. 

p'il, p'Ues. 

add up: 'ak' •'elo. •'elaaj 'u'un. •'elaajes. 

p'ilel. p'ilem. 

tz'akal, •kepel, kotol, k'otbaj, pisil. 

'ek, 'ekiUc. tok. Ha' xa. Ha' xa tok. 

tzoboj tojol. k'ot tojol. 

'ekuk. 

right angle: escuadra. p'is. 

ju-jun. 

measure by armspans: javay. 

sUce of bacon: j-jis tocino. 

'ok'elal. 

muk', muk'ul. 

big-beUied 

big-breasted 

big-eared 

big-footed 

big-headed 

big-hearted 

big-heartedness 

big-lipped 

big-nosed 

bigger 

blaze 

break 

brimful 

buy 

capacity 

carat 

common 

count 

counter 

couple 

crowd 

cmmb 

cubit 

date 

decline 

decrease 

decreased 

545 

grow big: muk'ub. 

how big?: k'u muk'ul, k'usi muk'ul. 

pujel ch*ut, puju-ch*ut pumel ch'ut, pumuch'ut 

be big-belUed (pregnant woman): benet. 

t'enet, t'uket 

pujel chu', pumel chu'. 

big-breasted woman: jpujel-chu'ul, jpumel 

chu'ul. 

leche-chikin, pok*-chUcin, pok*o-chikin, velechUcin. 

pumu-'ok. 

vo'o-jol, volo-jol. 

be big-headed (insult): vo'oel jol. 

muk' 'olonton. 

big-hearted person: jmuk'ul-'olonton. 

muk'ta 'olonton. 

big-lipped person: pech'e-ti'. 

vo'o-ni', volo-ni'. 

be big-nosed (insult): vo'oel ni'. 

toj muk'. 

a littie bigger: juteb muk'. 

be a littie bigger: juteb jelav. 

be bigger: jelav, jelav tuk. 

be much bigger: toj batz'i muk' luk, toj jelav. 

'eteUl, 'eteltas. 

break in two: ta 'o'lol jal. 

jaxal nojel. nojel. •titzaajel nojel, •tilzU 

nojel. 

buy on a large scale: p'oUnaj. 

buy small objects in small amounts: tukul 

man, tukul-man, tukultukul man. 

pasel, pasel ba. 

'etel k'anal lak'in, jul k'anal tak'in, tojol 

k'anal lak'in. 

mark the carats: 'eteltas k'anal tak'in, jul 

k'anal tak'in. 

'oy no 'ox buyuk, jilom no *ox 'oy, naka 

k'op no 'ox, naka Ha' no 'ox, ta sut 

'at, 'atolaj, •'elo, 'otol. 

(person): j'atolayel, j'atvanej, j'otol. 

one of a couple: nup. 

'epal vinik, •chanul vinik, pisU vinik. 

p'uyuUl, p'uyulil vaj, xut 

tiny cmmb: sesenbil vaj. 

chumay. 

k'inal, k'inU. 

(in number, population, properly or rank): 

vetz'. 

'ul, 'ulel, k'oxib, tup', vetz', vetz'es. 

(water): bUc'taj. 

decrease in number: jayub, jutebaj. 

tup'ul, vetz'el. 
546 

deep 'ip natil, pulpul. 

(ravine, valley): nat. 

(water): nab, toj nab, toj nat. 

degree to some degree: juteb. 

depth natil. 

diminish 'ules, ch'ay, tup', 

diminished ch'ayal. 

diminishment time or place of diminshment (of one's sins): 

ch'ayeb. 

distance 'ok', namal. 

distant jakal, nom, nomnomtik. nomtik. 

divide ch'akes. puk. 

divide up: vok'. vok'Uan. 

divide up among selves: 'ak'bey ba. 

divided be divided into parts (rosary, sermon. taUc): 

lok'. 

be divided up: vok'. 

divided up: vok'bil. vok'ol. 

objects one has divided up: pukben. vok'ben. 

division pukel. vok'el. 

doubting puxuUl. 

drop drop by drop: p'ajajtUc. 

duo (in singing): chibal 'avanab, chibal 'avanabal. 

each each one: junjun vinUc. 

one each: ju-jun. 

eight vaxak, vaxakib. 

eighty chan-vinik. 

eleven buluch . buluchib. 

empty mo 'oyuk bel. 

enlarge muk'ubes, muk'ubtas. 

enlargement muk'ubel, muk'ul. 

enough nakatik. noj. yalal. Ha' no 'ox. 

enough! Hechuk. 

entire batz'i jun, toj jun. 

equal ko'ol, melol. 

equality (tme weight): meltzajel. 

equally ko'ol. 

even toj melel, toj tojol. 

make even: meltzajes, tojobtas. 

every tz'akal, •kepel, k'otbaj, pisil. 

exact toj ko'ol. 

be exact: nup ba. 

exactiy tojol. 

exceed 'ech', 'ich*. 

exceeded jelbU. 

excess 'elov, jelaveb, p'ilemal. 

expand muk'ub, muk'ubes, muk'ubtas. 

faU a second time: cha'-jach'. 

faU a second time: cha'-yal. 

far as far as: k'alal, k'alal te 'oy, le k'alal. 

far apart: nomtik, nomtiknomtik, nomtuk. 

far away: nom. 

from far away: jakal, nom talel. 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

how far?: k'u namal, k'usi namal. 

tiiat far: te k'alal. 

this far: U' k'alal U'. 

fat muk', pumumet. 

grow fat jup'. k'an-'bcmay. muk'ub. 

fiftii 'o'ob. 

fifty lajuneb 'ox-vinik. 

fiU amount added to fill container: nojeb. 

first ba'yi, ba'yitajel. ba'yitajel. pisU ba chi'uk 

ba'yi-tajel. 

be the ffrst: ba'yi. 

the ffrst: ba. 

fish weigher of fish: jp'is-choy. 

five Ho'ob. 

flat flat and freeless: pik'pik'. pik'pik' 'osil. 

food one day's ration of food: jun k'ak'al ve'el. 

forty cha'-vinik. 

foifr chanib. 

fourteen chan-lajuneb. 

frequentiy 'alal mek, 'ep la mek, •'oyo'oyo. Ukel kajel, 

lUcel lUcel. naka no 'ox. 

quite frequentiy: 'ep'ep. 

fresh 'ach', yaxal. 

(fish, cheese): yox. 

become fresh: yaxub. 

make fresh: yaxubtas. 

fmit fresh fmit: 'ach' lo'bol. 

full 'oy bel, noj. 

be fuU: noj. 

grand toj labajel. 

be grand: labaney. 

grandeur labanel. 

grave 'ip, 'ol, tzotz, yaya. 

great a great deal: toj pim. 

greater muk'. 

half medio. 

break in half: ta 'o'lol jat. 

half a pound: 'o'lol libra. 

half pay: 'o'lol tojol. 

halfway 'o'lol, k'alal la 'o'lol. 

reach halfway: po'otaj, ta 'o'lol. 

hardly 'ok'elal. 

heap be in heaps: busbonet 

heavy 'ol. 

become heavy: 'alub. 

height natil. 

be of tiie same height ko'ol natil. 

make the same height: ko'ol natil pas. 

here to here: Ii' k'alal Ii'. 

high nat natil. 

hold hold a handful: jopopan. 

horse small horse: bik'tal caballo. 

house old house: k'a'-na, k'a'al na. 

small house: bik'tal na. 
NUMBER 31 547 

hundred 

inch 

increase 

increased 

infinite 

inventoried 

inventory 

just 

land 

last 

later 

length 

lengthen 

lengthy 

less 

light 

lighten 

limb 

limit 

list 

little 

live 

long 

lot 

low 

lower 

small poles for house constmction: xul. 

Ho'-vinik. 

two hundred: lajun-vinUc. 

nob ta 'ol k'ob. 

'epaj, 'epajes, pimij, p'il, p'iles, p*ol, p'oles. 

p*ilesbU, p*UU, p*olesbU. 

infinite in number: mo no *ox jay. 

'ak*bil ta Hun. lz*ibaybil ta Hun. melbil la 

Hun. 

tz*ibayel 'ayUc'lelU. 

inventory of possessions: 'ak'el bel na ta 

Hun. melel bel na ta Hun. 

lajel to. Ha' no 'ox, Ha' to. 

measure land: p'is lum. vok' lum. 

narrow plot of land: bik'it lum. 

tz'aklon, jok'ey, k'oxU, nat bat, natij, xutul. 

Halej. 

the last: lajeb. 

tey-lUcel. 

a Uttie later: j-'ok'uk xa, yalul ta, yaluluk xa. 

jUol, natil. 

added length (rope): natijeb. 

be of the same length: ko'ol natil. 

make the same lengtii: ko'ol natU pas. 

natijes. 

nat, natik. 

•olbaj Hechuk, mu ta, yalulyalul. 

a littie less: mu jaka Hechuk 'epal. 

be a littie less: ch'amal xa mu la, juteb xa 

mu ta. mu to jaka la. 

mo 'oluk. sob. sobsob. 

toy. 

limb by Umb: ju-jun vinkilel, lekojlekoj 

ju-jun vinkilel, tasaltasal vinkilel, yantikyanlUc vinkilel. 

set a limit: paj. 

biUtas. 

list in writing: tz'ibay bul. 

list of names: 'atob biU, 'atob vinUc. tz'ibaybU bi vinik. 

bik'it. ch'amal, lajal, machal. 

•yax •naan xa mu la: •yax naan xa mu ta. 

a Uttie: juteb. jutebuk 'oy, •yax •naan, •yax 

noch. 

a little bit juteb 'epaluk 'oy. 

a little more: •yax •naan xa, •yax noch xa. 

hold in littie value: 'olonil 'a'i. 

little person: p'osp'os vinUc. 

live a long time: nat bal, nat natij. 

nat, natil. 

a lot of: •xol. 

quite a lot 'ep'ep, ta'alta'al 'oy. 

mu'natil. 

yales. 

many 

mark 

measure 

measured 

measurement 

meat 

medium-sized 

middle 

mUUon 

minute 

month 

moon 

more 

much 

multiplier 

multiply 

multitude 

narrow 

near 

nearly 

neither 

new 

night 

nine 

'ep, 'epal, pim, •xol. 

a great many: mo no 'ox jay 'at 

how many: jayib. 

many times: •'oyo'oyo. 

so many: Hech 'epal. 

this many: Hech 'epal. 

very many: toj pim. 

'etelaj, 'eteUl, pol, polol, p'is, p'isol, vinajeb. 

p'is. 

tme measure: melel p'is. 

pasal p'isel, p'isbil. 

p'isobil. 

weigher of meat jp'is-bek'el. 

ta'al, ta'al 'oy. 

reach the middle: k'alal la 'o'lol, ta 'o'lol. 

Ho'-pUc', Huk-vinik ta pik'. 

every few minutes: juju batel, lUcel kajel, 

va'alva'al no 'ox. 

'u. 

be full (moon): kol ta 'ok'el, noj, yijub. 

half moon: po'ot 'u. 

have new moon appear: nach' 'u. 

new moon: 'ach' 'u. 

waning of moon: bUc'tajel 'u, bik'tal 'u. 

'olbaj Hechuk, p'UU, xa. 

a Utile more: ch'amal xa. juteb xa. jutebuk 

'oy xa. 

a littie more or less: toj juteb 'a'i. 

more or less: 'olbaj Hechuk 'ep, juteb, juteb 

xa k'an. 

the more: Ha'uk xa te, Ha'uk te. 

'ep, 'epal. 

as much again: Hech 'epal, Hech xa 'epal. 

however much: k'usi 'epal. 

so much: Hech 'epal. 

this much: Hech 'epal. 

jp'olesej-k'op, jp'olesvanej. 

'epaj, 'epajes, pimij, pimijes, p'ol, p'oles. 

'epal. 

yubes. 

noch, nochnoch, nochol, nopol, tijil. Ha' 

tz'el. 

bring near: ncxihojes, tijtzajes. 

come near: noptzaj, nopoj. 

juteb, juteb xa. 

-uk, mo 'ekuk, mo no 'ox...tok. mu.,.lok. 

neither here nor tiiere: mo no 'ox buy junuk, 

mo no 'ox buyuk. 

neither one nor tiie other (people): mo no'ox 

buch'uy junuk. 

'ach'. 

first quarter of tiie night: 'ochel 'ak'abal. 

baluneb. 

nine hundred: Ho'-vinik 'ox-vinik. 
548 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

ninth 

no 

not 

nothing 

novelty 

old 

once 

one 

other 

pafr 

pafred 

peck 

pile 

pound 

proUx 

purchase 

quadrant 

quantity 

ration 

ream 

register 

registered 

rent 

ruler 

scanty 

scarce 

scarcely 

scarcity 

separable 

separate 

separately 

separation 

seven 

baluneb. 

no one: mo 'oyuk buch'uy, mo 'oyuk 

much'uy, mo buch'uy vinUc, mo much'uy. 

mok much'uy. 

not either: mo no 'ox,..tok, mu...tok. 

mo 'oyuk k'usi. mo k'usi. 

'ach' k'op. 

'ech'om. k'o', poko', vo'ney. 

be old: 'ep 'il 'osil. 

grow old (clothes): k'a'. 

bak'ni, vo'ney. 

jun. 

one and a half months: 'o'lol chib 'u. 

one and a half pounds: 'o'lol chib p'is. 

yan, yantik. 

the othen Ha' te June. 

'ak' chi'U, 'ak' melol, nupubupul, nupultas. 

be in pairs: 'oy nup, nupnup ba, nupulnupul 

ba. 

in pafrs: chabchab. 

leave in pafrs: 'oy nup lok', nupulnupul lok'. 

one of a pafr: nup. 

meltzanbil, nupultasbil. 

half a peck (half a celenun): te'el la bUc'tal 

te'. 

in many smaU piles: busustik. 

libra, p'is. 

half a pound: jechel libra, medio Ubra. 

nat. 

purchase of small objects in small amounts: 

tiUcu-man. 

chan-xuk'esabil. 

quantity of books: 'epal tz'albil Hun. 

daUy ration: lekoj ve'el taju-jun k'ak'al. 

resma. 

'atob biil, 'atob vinUc, 'otes bul ta Hun. 

meltzajesabil lok'ob. 

be registered: 'och la Hun. 

rent of Vs of harvest: 'otol. 

p'is, p'isob te', p'isob ton, p'isobU, regla. 

(in weight or size): 'ok'elal. 

jol. sa'alsa'al, yavaj. 

be scarce (bread): toj pojel. 

become scarce: jalaj, jalan ba, yavajij. 

made scarce: jalajesbU. 

make scarce: jalajes, yavajin. 

'ok'elal. 

jalajel. jalal. yavajijel. yavajU. yavajilal. 

k'an javel. k'an pukel, k'an vok'el. 

pukbey ba. 

lekojlekoj. 

ch'akeb. 

Hukub. 

seven years: HiUcub 'abil. 

seventy 

shaUow 

shaUowness 

shortcut 

stiver 

simplicity 

single 

six 

sixty 

size 

sleep 

sUce 

sUced 

small 

smaller 

smaUness 

solitary 

span 

sparse 

sum 

superfluous 

superfluously 

supplement 

swarm 

ten 

thick 

thicken 

thickened 

thin 

tiifrd 

thirteen 

lajuneb chan-vinik, lajunuk chan-vinUc. 

mo toyoluk. 

lomlej. 

mukul be. 

mark (silver weight of eight ounces): marco 

de plata. 

mark stiver: 'etelaj 'u'un. 

mu cha'-lomal k'opiUc, mu cha'-lomaluk. 

junjun, juyinom, tuk tuk. 

vak, vakib. 

'ox-vinik. 

be of the same size: ko'ol muk'ul. 

make the same size (flat things): ko'ol 

muk'ul pas. 

make the same size (long, tall things): ko'ol 

'ayan 'u'un. 

tme size: tojolil. 

sleep a long time: yakti-vay. 

k'ol, t'ol. 

(bread, melon): xut. 

jisbU, k'albU, t'olbU. 

bik'it, bik'it ch'amal, ch'amal, komkom. 

lajal, machal. 

(cocoa, corn, peach, grains): matz'matz'. 

grow smaU: bUc'taj. 

small part: bik'it ch'amal. 

mu ta, yalul. 

be smaller: juteb yalul tuk. 

smaller than: bik*itbik'it 

bUc'itul, bUc'tal. 

juyinom ta naklej, tuktuk ta naklej. 

(bird): koticot, ttUctuk. 

solitary bfrd: juyinom mut 

span between tiiumb and forefinger: nob, 

nobU. 

(white hafrs, poxes on the body): vajal. 

'atel. 

ma'-tuul. 

be superfluous: mo k'u tuun, mo tuun. 

ma'-tuultUc. 

amount added to achieve completion: tz'akiab. 

busbon, tik'ton. 

swarm of honeybees: tzobol 'aja-pom. 

lajuneb. 

make twice as thick (cord, thread): k'am. 

(very tiiin knife blade that is fortified by 

adding metal to it): pimubtas, tijubtas. 

object that is thickened: k'amoj. 

become, grow thin: bakub. 

grow tiiin: takin-bat. 

make thin: bakubes, jayubes, jayubtas. 

very thin (board): jay-latzan. 

'ox, 'ox , 'oxib. 

'ox-lajuneb. 
NUMBER 31 

thirteentii 

tiiirty 

thousand 

three 

together 

too 

frifle 

trifling 

turn 

twelve 

two 

uneven 

very 

weigh 

weighed 

weight 

whole 

with 

witiiout 

work 

yard 

year 

12.A. 

animal 

armspan 

botii 

'ox-lajun-vo', *ox-lajuneb. 

lajuneb cha'-vinik. 

one thousand: lajun-vinUc 'ox-bok*. 

'ox , 'ox'ox, 'oxib. 

three day period: 'oxej k'in. 

three days ago: 'oxjey, chabjeychabjey. 

three months ago: yoxibal yual, yoxU 'u. 

three years ago: 'ox'ox 'abU batel, yoxibal 

'abU batel. 

ko'ol. 

'ek, 'ekuk, tok. Ha* xa. Ha' xa tok. 

bUc'tal. bUc'tal ch'amal. bUc'lalul, 

bUc'U ch'amal. bUc'ituk. ch*amal. 

by turns: lekojlekoj. 

lajchaeb. 

chib. 

two and a half pounds: 'o'lol 'oxib libra. 

'o'lol 'oxib p*is. 

two by two: chabchab. 

uneven number: mo 'oyuk nup. 

batz*i. 

p*is. 

weigh down: lom ta tek*el. 

p'isbU. 

'alal. 

equality (tme weight): tojobel. 

half a hundred weight (half a fanega#): te'el 

ta muk'ta te'. 

huncfred weight (seed): te'el. 

one hundred weight: chanib arroba. quintal. 

person who gives tme weight or measure: 

jp'is, jp'isojel, jp'isvanej, jtojobtasej-p'is. 

tme weight melel p'is, tojol p'is, tojolU, 

weight for scales: p'isobil peso, tak'in peso. 

weight of twenty-five pounds: arroba. 

batz'i jun. tz'akal. pisil. pispis. toj jun. 

chi'iluk. chi'uk, ta. 

•maxa. 

one day's work: jun k'ak'al patan. 

p'is. vara. 

'abU. 

a year from now: jun 'ab. 

future year: 'ab. 

last year (or) a year ago: jun 'abi. 

past year: 'abi. 

this year: Ha Ii' 'abile. 

Noun classifiers 

in reference to animals: j-kot 

one armspan: j-jov. 

(animals): cha'-kotol. 

(long objects as bananas, flutes): cha'-ch'ixil. 

(people): cha'-va'al. 

bunch 

bundle 

eight-sided 

fifty 

ffrewood 

fistful 

forty 

four 

fourteen 

group 

half 

handful 

henequen 

herd 

hundred 

kind 

later 

leaf 

league 

many 

measure 

mUe 

mUUon 

moment 

moon 

mouthful 

neither 

549 

(round objects): cha'-pisil. 

(towns): cha'-tek. 

j-chuk. 

(bananas, dates, grapes): j-choj. j-lik. 

bunch by bunch: ju-jun chuk batel. 

bundle of stitched pages: j-lotz. 

bundle of torch faggots or plants: j-'Ucatz, 

j-k'ech, j-meylej. 

vaxak-xuk', vaxak-xuk'bel. 

lajuneb 'ox-vinUc, 

slack of ffrewood: j-vutz' si'. 

j-mich'. 

cha'-vinUc, 

(animals): chan-kot 

(people): chan-vo'. 

four hundred: j-bok'. 

fourteen times: chan lajun mek. 

group of two. three or foun j-lolol, lot 

j-jech, j-jov. 

j-jop, j-k'et j-k'etiej. j-mich'. j-yomlej. 

(of long objects. lUce sfraws): j-mich'lej. 

(of long untied objects Uke sfraws): j-yom. 

(tied bunch of herbs, torch sticks): j-chuk. 

hold or take a handful to put it down: jop. 

single handful: j-mich'mich', j-yomyom no 

'ox. 

henequen fiber (counting): j-lUc chi. 

j-tzob. j-tek, j-tos. 

herd by herd: tasaltasal, tekeltekel. 

Ho'-vinik. 

two hundred: lajun-vinUc. 

j-tek, j-tos. 

a littie later: j-'ok' xa. 

a while later: j-'ok' xa, j-'ok'uk xa. 

leaf by leaf: likiUikil. 

j-jil. 

how many (objects): jay-tek. 

how many (people): jay-vo'. 

how many (times): jay-mek, jay-yalel. 

how many?: k'u 'epal ta tek. 

many times: 'ep ta mek. 

foot (measure): j-tek'lej. 

measure of 1.85 yards: j-jov. 

measure of seed to be planted: j-te'el. 

one mile: lajun-vinUc 'ox-bok' ta ta'lej. 

Ho'-pUc', Huk-vinik ta pik'. 

j-'ok'. 

half moon: jovjov 'u. 

j-'um. 

take a mouthful: 'um ch'ay. 

neither here nor there: mo no 'ox buy 

j-jechuk. 

neither one nor tiie other (things): mo no *ox 

j-tekuk. 
550 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

nine nine hundred: Ho'-vinik 'ox-vinUc. 

nintii balun-tekel. 

other j-tek. 

pafr (sandals): j-choj. j-chop. 

in pafrs (animals): cha'cha'-kot. 

in pafrs (people): cha'cha'-vo'. 

part j-^kem. j-jech. 

(round object as a banana): j-k'os. 

part or piece: j-jov. 

pay pay in three instaUments: cha' ox toj toj. 

piece single piece: j-jechjech. j-kemkem. 

plot plot of land: j-p'is lum. j-t'ob lum, j-t'ob 

lum. 

plowed extent of ground plowed by one yoke of 

oxen in a day: chabajeb j-choj vacas ta jun 

k*ak*al. 

province j-tek ta 'osU, j-tek ta lumal, j-tek ta vinik, 

j-tos la vinik. 

quarter four quarters (mutton): chan-jechel, chanjekel. 

quarter of a sheep: j-jech, j-jek. 

rasher rasher of bacon: j-jov tocino. 

ream j-lotz sakil Hun. 

second a second time: cha'-mekel. 

second in Une: cha'-tek'el, cha'-va'al, cha'-

va'al va'lej. 

section j-^kem. 

(beef, venison): j-jech. 

seven seven people: Huk-vo'. 

seven years: Huk-'abi. 

seven years old: Huk-'abi. 

seventh seventh part of a determined amount (fine 

for robbery): HiUc-mekel Hech 'epal tojol. 

stiver mark (stiver weight of eight ounces): 

-p'is sakU tak'in. 

single single cabbage or lettuce leaf: j-IikUk. 

sixth a sixth: vak-bok'ol, vak-vinkU. 

sixty 'ox-vinik. 

sixty day period: 'ox-vinkej k'in. 

skein j-k'ob nio. 

slice single slice: j-jisjis, j-k'olk'ol, j-t'oU'ol. 

sUce of bacon: j-jis tocino, j-jov tocino, j-p'as 

t(x:ino. 

soldier division or file of soldiers: j-tos jyabutil. 

split split in two: cha'-jot 'ayan, cha'-t'ox 'ayan 

'u'un, cha'-t'ox cha'ley, cha'-t'ox t'ox. 

squadron j-tos ch'ilom, j-tos jyabutil. 

step j-kajal, j-koj. 

(as when we count the steps of a stafrcase): 

j-k'ol. 

sfring sfring of beads: j-choj cuentas, j-jU cuentas. 

thing j-tek. 

thfrd a thfrd: 'ox-jechel, 'ox-jov, 'ox-tekel. 

thfrd person: 'ox-va'al. 

thirty lajuneb cha'-vinik. 

thousand one thousand: lajun-vinik 'ox-bok'. 

thread (counting): j-lik no. 

spindleful of tiiread: j-petetal. 

three three days: 'ox-k'in. 

two made in two ways: cha'-tek pasel. 

weight half a hundred weight (half a fanega#): 

j-te'el. 

one hundred weight cha'-'ikatz. 

year two years ago: cha'-abi. 

two years from now: cha'-'ab. 

13. Speech 

13.A. Varieties of speech, expletives. See also anger 

16H, insuU 16K, lie 16N. 

comment 

confused 

confradict 

confrary 

conversation 

disturbed 

enough! 

figuratively 

God 

gossip 

gmmble 

gmmbling 

hey 

imitate 

impute 

insolentiy 

infroduction 

jest 

language 

suteb, sutejeb, sutejes, sutesabil, sutp'ijeb, 

sutp'in. sutp'iiiabil, vaUc'unabU. 

be confused in conversation, speech, or the 

doctrine: sok 'u'un. 

tup' k'op, valak-patin k'op, yan 'al, yan 

k'opoj. 

on the confrary: la valak-pat. 

be confused in conversation: sok k'op. 

cut short one's conversation: ch'ak ta be 

k'op. yales k'op. 

thoroughly disturbed (person, speech, house): 

sokoktik. 

ta'luke, Hechuk. 

ta izaU k'op, ta tz'ib, la p'is. 

speak figuratively: ta nop k'opoj. 

God grant: •jey, •jeye. 

j'ich'-k'op. chibal-k'opoj, jcha' lom k'op, 

jchibal-k'op, jotz'-k'optay. joyjoyk'optay, jjoy-k'optayvanej, lob-k'optay. 

gossip intended to arouse discord: cha'-lom 

k'op. 

gossip intending to arouse discord: cha' lom 

k'opoj. 

gossip, person who draws one out: jjoy-k'op. 

listen to backbiting or gossip: 'ich' lot. 

(as women do with maids or daughters): 

tukuk, vulul. 

(as women do): tiUcuket 

(women): vululet, vulvon, vulvonet 

tuketel, tukuketel, vululel, vululetel. 

(adverb to awaken or incite): •kuy, •kuyik. 

imitate or mimic one's speech: chanbey ti'. 

'albey, na'-tzaibey, nopbey. 

speak or act insolentiy: pimil-baij, pimub ba. 

infroduction of a book or speech: Ukeb k'op. 

infroduction of a speech: kajeb k'op. 

maxmonet, na'nonet, tajimol, tuli-'atij. 

native language (Tzotzil): batz'i k'op. 
NUMBER 31 551 

Latin 

lie 

lisp 

long-winded 

loudmouth 

lying 

mistake 

mutter 

muttering 

nimbletongued 

oatii 

person who speaks a language fluentiy: 

jna'-k'op. 

latin. 

cha'-lom k'op, cha'-lom k*opojel, chibal 

k'op, chibal k'opojel, chibal-k'opoj, lot, 

lotoj, pak'-k'op, pak'tay, pak'tayej. 

pak'tayej k'op, pak'tayvan. 

big lie: me' pak'-k'op, muk' pak'tayej k'op. 

lie to: pak'taybey k'op. 

sesentik k'opoj. 

be long-winded: 'alej, nat bat, natij. 

long-winded person: j'epal-k'op. 

jk'opk'onetel. 

'ipal jov, j'ov. 

ta pak'-k'op. 

(in speech): sok. 

make a mistake in conversation, speech, or 

the dcx:trine: sok 'u'un. 

'a'onet, k'un-k'opoj, vovet. 

ch'ijetel, k'ojlajetel, k'uletel. 

sobtUcsobtUc 'ok'. 

juramento. Hap ti'il. 

oh! 

opposite 

quarrel 

repeat 

riddle 

saying 

sleepyhead 

Spanish 

speak 

make person swear an oatii: 'ak' pas 

juramento. 

make person swear an oath as creditor does 

to debtor who refuses to pay: naka no 'ox 

'ich' juramentu. 

take an oath: 'ich'bey juramento. 

'o. 

say the opposite of: tup' k'op. 

bik'tal k'opk'onel, k'opk'onel. 

cha'-'al. 

nopbU k'op. 

witty saying: 'utzil lo'lo k'op, lot k'op, muU 

lo'lo k'op, na'al k'op, 

j'ipal-vayel, jvayel, 

Spanish language: castiUan k'op, 

franslate into Spanish: sutejes la castillan 

k'op, 

tzaij, k'opoj, 

speak abusively: lomlomtUc k'opoj, 

speak at length: metz'aj. 

speak coldly: sik-laman k'opoj. sUc-t'ojan 

k'opoj. 

speak confusedly: soket k'opoj, sokol ti' 

k'opoj. 

speak deceitfully: tzaibU k'opoj, izaU-k'opoj, 

cha' lom k'opoj. cha' lom k'opojtayvan. 

chibal-k'opoj, jotz'-k'optayvan. 

speak differentiy: yan k'opoj. 

speak doubtfully: sa'al 'olonton k'opoj. 

speak elegantiy: 'ajval-k'opoj, tekpank'opoj, t'ujum k'opoj. 

speaker 

speech 

store 

smtter 

stutterer 

subject 

subtle 

swear 

talk 

speak eloquentiy: 'ajval-k'opoj, tekpanUk'opoj. 

speak figuratively: ta na'-tza k'op k'opoj. 

speak foolishly: Hovi, HovU-k'opoj, HovHovtUc k'opoj. 

speak foully or dishonestiy: tz'i'tz'i'-k'opoj. 

speak graciously: la k'opoj, t'ujum 'al. 

speak harmoniously: ch'ojonch'ojon k'opoj. 

speak haughtily: sa'sa'-k'opoj, toy bail 

k'opoj. 

speak hoarsely: sojet k'opoj, sojom k'opoj. 

speak impatientiy or in a fit of temper: 'ip 

k'ak'al k'opoj. 

speak importunately: ma'-ba k'opoj. 

speak noisily (many people): k'opk'onet 

k'oplajet 

speak softiy: k'un k'opoj, k'un-k'opoj. 

speak straightforwardly: tuk'avU k'opoj. 

speak vainly: ma' ba k'opoj, sa'sa'-k'opoj. 

speak with barbs: tz'i'tz'i'-k'opoj. 

speak with doubt: chib 'olonton k'opoj. 

speak with resfraint: ta'al 'oy k'opoj. 

speak wittily: 'ulzU lo'lo k'opoj, muil lo'lo 

k'opoj. 

haughty speaken jsa'sa'-k'op. 

tzaijel, k'op, k'opojel. 

be confused in one's speech: sa' k'op, sok 

k'op. 

elegant speech: 'ajval k'op, tekpan k'op. 

intricate speech: tz'i'lel k'op. 

store in one's mind (to do or say at a later 

date): tz'ibay ta "olonton. 

sesentik 'ok', sesentik k'opoj. 

jsesen-'ok', jsesen-'ok'U. 

have subject be revived: 'ayan k'op, cha'-

'epaj k'op, cha'-vinaj k'op. 

what is the subject?: k'usi j-tekuk 'al, k'usi 

la k'op, k'usi ta k'oplal k'opoj. 

muk' k'op, muk' ta k'op. 

*al bi dios, pas juramento, tij ta 'alel bi dios. 

swear in vain: bet' juramento. 

swear to God: Hap ti'il. 

swear while making sign of the cross: p'is 

cmz. 

tzaij, k'opoj, k'opojel, k'opon, pisU k'op. 

base talk: mu'natU k'op. 

brief taUc: bik'tal k'op. 

chUdish talk: 'unetikU k'op. 

cfrcuitous or obscure taUc: joyol k'op. 

currish taUc: tz'i'U k'op. 

deceitful talk: tzaibU k'op, cha'-lom k'op, 

cha'-lom k'opojel, chibal k'op. 

devilish talk: pukujil k'op. 

din of mfrthful or quarrelsome taUc: ch'ijetel. 
552 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

talkative 

talking 

tattie 

tell 

thank 

tharUcful 

that's 

tiien! 

franslate 

franslated 

franslation 

franslator 

tiiitii 

warn 

warner 

warning 

word 

din of mirthful or quarrelsome talk, discord: 

kuletel. 

elegant talk: lekil k'op, t'ujum k'op. 

enigmatic laUc: mochilanbU k'op. 

fooUsh talk: Hoviel, HovU k'op. 

harsh talk: tzatzal k'op, k'ak'al k'op. 

holy or modest taUc: 'utzil k'op. 

humiliating laUc: k'exlal k'op, namal k'op. 

iUicfr laUc: 'ol labal k'op. 

infernal taUc: k'atin-bakU k'op. 

ingenuous or sfraightforward talk (when one 

speaks plainly lUce a child): tuk'avil k'op. 

jealous or envious talk: 'it'ixal k'op. 

lengthy taUc: natU k'op, 

lustful talk: mulal k'op. 

taUc of many as in a cofradia: ch'ijetel, 

k'uletel. 

lime-consuming talk: jok'tzajel k'op. 

womanly talk: 'antzil k'op. 

P'ijU ti'. 

talkative person: j'al-k'op, j'epal-k'op, j'epalti', j'ich'-k'op, jk'opk'onel, 

k'opojel, 

jotz'-k'optay, joyjoy-k'optay, lob-k'optay, 

'albey, 'ut, 

na' 'aboltayel, na' 'aboltayvanej, na'bey 

'aboltayel 'u'un, na'bey 'aboltayvanej, 

be tiiankful: na' 'aboltayvanej. 

that's it!: Ha'. 

Ha' 'oy. 

ch'ambey k'op, lok'tay, sut 'u'un, sutejes, 

sutes. 

ch'ambil, sutejesbU, sutesbU. 

ch'amel k'op, suteb, sutejeb, sutejel, sutel. 

jch'am-k'op. 

speak tiie tmth: be k'opoj. melel k'opoj. tojol 

k'opoj. 

tzitz. tzitza'aj. 

jtzitza'ajel, jtzitzvanej. 

tzitzo'. 

k'op. 

break one's word: pak'tay. 

brief words: t'abeltikU k'op. 

carry out one's word: na' k'op, pas le k'op. 

certain word: batz'i k'op. 

enigmatic words: lut'Uanbil k'op. 

historic words: vokolU k'op. 

keep one's word: k'ot ta k'op. 

make a muddle of reasoning or words: 

tamtetamte-k'opoj. 

make a muddle of words: lut'lut'-k'opoj. 

person who speaks empty words: j'epalk'op, cha'-ti'U vinik, jlabal-k'op. 

frue word: batz'i k'op. 

wordy 

try to discover the Oiith by using deceitful 

words: jotz'-k'optay. 

pom. 

13.B. Summon, request, command, propose. See also 

belief, practices, and sacraments 35C. 

ask ask for: k'an, k'anoj. 

bring bring by force: joch'. 

bring forcibly: tzajal-'Uc'. 

call 'Uc'. 

call again: cha'-'ik'. 

call repeatedly: tzajal-'Uc'. 

demand k'anoj. k'anojel. 

become hard hearted or persistent in one's 

demands: tonib 'olonton. 

demanded article to be demanded: k'anbol. 

demander jk'anojel. 

demanding persistent demanding: k'anvanej. 

invite 'ik'. pa'i. 

invite to a meal: 'ik' ta ve'el. 

invited pa'ibil. 

invited to a meal: 'Uc'bil. 

order nopben. taki. takiej. takivan. 

proposal k'op, ti'. 

propose propose wilUngly: 'ak' 'olonton, 'ak' ta 

'olonton. jak' ta 'olonton. 

request persistent or demanding request: k'anojel. 

request importunately: bot'ol-k'an. 

request repeated (with suppUcations or threats): 

tzajal-k'an. 

summon 'albey. tek'. 

summon before the judge: 'ik' ta 'ichon 

jch'akel. 

summon importunately: bot'ol-'ik'. 

summoned tek'bil. 

supplicated HapbU ti'. 

supplication make supplication: Hap ti'il. 

14. Metaphoric speech 

accuse jam [open]. 

adam adam's apple: 'avanabU [shouter]. 

advise va'an [stand up]. 

alcalde jnam-te' [walking stick person]. 

All All Saints' Day: k'in chame-vinUc [dead 

people's fiesta], 

ahns give alms: 'abolaj [suffer for], 

alone aU alone: 'ip 'oy tuk [be very alone], 

ambush lie in ambush: 'och ta 'abnaltik [enter the 

woods], 'och ta te'tik [enter tiie woods], 

muk ba la te'tik [bury oneself in the 

woods], 

lying in ambush: lapal ta 'abnaltik [dressed 
NUMBER 31 553 

in leaves], 

anxious be anxious: k'un-laj [die slowly], 

apologize pok ba [cleanse oneself], 

appoint va'an [stand up]. 

army j-tos yabutU [a group of warriors]. 

arUuitis 'ik*al ta k*ob [wind in the hand], 

ashamed be ashamed: namaj [be distant], 

assemble assemble people: mel vinUc [line up people]. 

pas vinUc [do people], 

assemble people (as in a pr(x:ession): meltzan 

vinUc [make people], 

audience royal audience: ch 'akebal na [decision house]. 

authority important authority: ch*uunbil vinUc [person 

who is beUeved or obeyed], k'exbil vinUc 

[person who is changed or respected], 

xi'bil vinik [feared person], 

bachelorhood mu lekav xanbal [walking unmarried or 

possession-less], Hech no 'ox xanbal [just 

living or walking]. 

baUast 'ipajeb jom [canoe fortifier], naktzajeb jom 

[canoe fortifier], 

barbecue tem [bed]. 

beautiful become beautiful: pok-baij [cleanse oneself], 

befuddled ton-kok [stone deaf). 

become befuddled: ch'ay-tzaij [lose one's 

thought]. 

beUiry na tak'in [bell or metal house], 

benignity k'uxubinvanej [feeling sorry for people], 

best best in everytiiing: ba'yitajel [be first], 

better be a Uttie better: juteb jelav [pass by a littie]. 

bilge 'Uc'uyal jom [canoe fUth or blackness], kux 

jom [canoe mUdew]. 

biography vokoUl [difficulty]. 

bleed jul [prick], 

book tz'isbU Hun [written paper], 

bridal bridal chamber: nail pop [mat house], 

bride 'ach' j'ich'el [person newly received], 

broody be broody (hen): k'an patiej [want to lie 

down], 

brotiiel mul na [house of sin], 

buffoon k'oj te' vinik [mask or carved wood person], 

business new business (of outsider or person who 

starts new enterprise): be [path], 

capricious capricious person: j'epal-tza [person of many 

thoughts], 

cautious cautious person: p'ijU vinUc [clever person], 

cedar (witii a bigger leaf, tighter wocxi and 

reddish): ch'u te' [holy wood], 

census take census: 'otes la Hun biU [enter names 

on paper], 

challenge 'Uc' ta tzamesel [call to kiU], 'ik' la majel 

[call to beat], 

chaste chaste woman: pokbU xanav 'antz [woman 

who Uves or waUcs washed]. 

chUd fatiierless chUd: jcham-tot [dead fatiier person]. 

cloud cloud over: naka tok 'ayan [have just clouds 

be born], 

cobweb na 'om [spider house], 

comment sutes [return], valk'un [turn over], 

commercial commercial deal: vinajesabil ve'el [identification meal], 

confide confide in: tzoy ba [tether oneself], jok'an 

ba [hang oneself], k'uban ba [entmst 

oneself to], man ba [buy oneself], 

corn painted corn: tz'ibal 'ixim [written corn], 

coimtry native country: yo' 'oy ch'i [where one 

grows up], yo' 'oy vinkilay [where one 

is born], 

court tz'omol yo' 'oy Hu' ch'akel [stool where 

decisions are made], 

courtesan ta tz'el 'ojov xanav [he who lives or walks 

beside the lord], ta na 'ojov xanav [he 

who Uves or waUcs in the lord's house], 

criminal criminal process: Hun [paper], 

crossroads yo' 'oy nup ba be [where roads meet], 

custom pasel [doing], talel [coming], 

daring be daring: mo k'usi xi' [be afraid of nothing], 

dead be dead: ch'ay [lose], 

death near death: ch'akebal 'Uc' [moment before 

breath, afr or wind is divided], 

defame puk 'a'yejal [spread stories], 

defamer jvinajesej-'a'yejlal [person who displays 

stories], 

deny mu vinajes [not reveal], muk [bury], 

despise ten ch'ay [throw away], 

diet 'Uctay 'ixim [abandon corn], 

difficult be difficult 'ip tz'i'lelal [a lot of danger], 

dinner (principal meal eaten al midday): kamel 

tUc'el ve'el [sticking in and stuffing meal], 

disciple Ha' te chanantasbU 'u'un 'ajval [he who is 

taught by Oifr Lord], 

discover vinajes [reveal], 

dispute nakel vinik [against person], 

dissolute be (Ussolute: HovHovtik xanav [live or waUc 

crazUy], 

disturbance 'ok'el 'osil [crying of the eartii], 

document forge an official document p'is ta Hun 'ojov 

[mark or measure as the lord's paper], 

dowry yolob te' [arrow], 

dungeon chukvanab ch'en [jail cave], 

ease muibel [fragrance]. 

evU be evU: toj mo vinUcuk [very inhuman], 

exfraordinary be exfraordinary: jelav tuk [pass by alone], 

falcon jun xulub [one horn], 

famous biUtasbil [named], 

fast 'Uctay 'ixim [abandon corn], 

fate k'in [day], 

fauk find fault witii: yales [lower]. 
554 

fish fish witii roots making the fish dmnk: 

maj-'ak'i [beat vines], 

flute flute case: na 'amay [flute house], 

freedman te'el vinik [wooden man], 

fruit fresh fmit: 'ach' lo'bol [new fmit]. 

gameroom (where they play): nakleb 'ojov [lord's 

room], 

genealogy j-choj ta vinUc [a string of people], j-tos ta 

vinUc [a group of people], 

generous generous person: tekpan vinUc [princely 

person], 

get get with insistence: tzob 'Ucatz [gather 

burdens], 

glorify 'utzibtas [make good], tzatzubes [make 

Sfrong]. muibes [perfume], toy [raise], 

glory nichimajel [flowering], 

glutton mu'natil vinik [base or slave person], 

gluttony k'a'al ve'el [rotten meal], mulal ve'el [sinful 

meal], 

good be especially good: toj 'utz tuk, toyol tuk la 

'utzil [be uniquely high in g(X)dness]. 

grateful be grateful: na' 'aboltayel [remember the 

favor or suffering], 

grave 'ol [heavy], 

gravestone popol ton [mat stone], 

greet k'ejan ba ta tz'el [step aside], 

guarantor stand as guarantor: va'an ba ta tojol [stand 

up for one], 

guilt rid oneself of guilt: pok ba [wash oneself], 

handy be handy: buytikuk 'ep ta mek mun [be 

everywhere when needed], 

haughty be haughty (person of authority): namal ba 

[be distant], 

become haughty: toy ba [raise oneself). 

heU (particularly of the damned): chan-kajal na 

[foifr-storied house], 

highwayman jmakvanej [obstmctor], jpojvanej [snatcher], 

jp'asvanej [obstmctor]. 

historian jmel-vokol [Uner-up of difficulties], 

history 'ik'ti'U [difficulty], vokol [difficulty], 

humble 'ules [drain or melt], tup' [extinguish]. 

humble oneself: 'itz'intas ba ta lum [make 

oneself a younger brother or a junior on 

the earth], yales ba [lower oneself]. 

humble person: jtup'-bail [person who extinguishes himself], 

hungry be hungry: cham ta vi'nal [die of hunger], 

hypocrite be a hypocrite: pas ba ta 'utz vinik [pretend 

to be a good person], 

hypocritical be hypocritical: cha'ley ba ta 'utz vinik [act 

lUce a good person], 

idiot joch'bU te' [carved wood], 

idolatiy ch'uunel vinik ton [belief in stone people]. 

iUness dangerous Ulness: xi'ebal chamel [frighienSMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

ing iUness]. 

important be important (person of authority): namal ba 

[be distant], 

importunate mo na' k'in [not know the day or time], 

impregnate kola'ajes [make wicked], 

incompetent incompetent person: ma'-tuul vinik [useless 

person], 

infamy namajel [distance], 

ink ink paste: xuch' chenek' te' [bean free resin]. 

innocent inncx^ent person: tzeel vinik [unripe person]. 

insolent insolent person: jpimU-ba [thick person], 

interpret jam [open], 

investigator jjotz' [dragger], 

itch 'ich [chUi], 

jailer jchabi-te' [post-watcher or pillory-watcher], 

joy muibel [increasing fragrance], 

judge jnam-te' [waUcing stick person], 

justiy 'oy be [have a patii]. 

kiU person who kiUs us: 'ajval [lord], 

kin rimal kin of baptism: chi'il la 'a'al dios [kin 

of God's water], 

ritual kin of baptism or confirmation: chi'il 

la na dios [kin of God's house]. 

king ba 'ojov [ffrst lord], batz'i 'ojov [very lord]. 

laborer become a day laborer: 'cx;h ta na 'ajval [enter 

the lord's house], chon ba [seU oneself]. 

lady 'ajvalel pop tz'omol [lord of the mat and 

stool], 

language native language (Tzotzil): batz'i k'op [real 

word], 

lazy be lazy: naka no 'ox xanav [just live or walk]. 

lean lean person: takin vinUc [dry person], 

leap vii [fly]. 

Lent k'inal ch'abajel [fasting fiesta], 

lessen lessen self (by wicked deed): tup' ba 

[extinguish oneself], yales ba [lower 

oneself], 

life xanbal [walk], 

lighten toy [lift], 

limbo chamebal [place of death], 

long-lived be long-lived: nat tal [come for a long way]. 

lord be a sovereign lord: mo 'oyuk buy nup [his 

match is nowhere], 

sovereign lord: junjun no 'ox tuk [just one 

alone], 

lost person who has lost his way: jHoviel [mad 

person], 

lot cast lots: pas tza [do cleverness], 

lowborn ch'Uom vinik [brave person or warrior], 

voymoltikil vinik [wUd or tiiicket person]. 

mastiu-bate (man): ch'oj te' [chisel one's stick], 

merry be merry: nichimaj [flower], 

merrymaker nichil vinik [flowery person], 

meteor yolob vitz [mountain arrow]. 
NUMBER 31 555 

meteorite yolob vitz [mountain arrow], 

minor be a minor (having a guardian): mu to ta 

tak'in chabi ba tuk [he who does not yet 

care for himself witii money], 

mocked 'aptaybil [shouted at], 

mockery tajimol [game], 

molest molest greatiy: bet' la tek'el [frample on], 

lom ta tek'el [frample on], 

morals looseness of manners and morals: mo tojoluk 

xanbal [not a sfraight or honest Ifre or 

walk], 

nape te' nuk' [the wcxxi of one's neck]. 

necessary be necessary: batz'i tuun [be very useful], 

obedient be obedient: 'ak'van ta vinik [give oneself 

to a person], 

obstinate become obstinate: tonib [become stony], 

offend pan ta mul [cook with sin], 

office entmst one's office to anotiier: va'an k'exol 

[stand up one's substitute], 

pack pack tight pressing witii the foot tonton-tek' 

[stamp solidly or like a rcx;k]. 

pagan jch'uun pak'tayej ch'u [believer in counterfeit god]. Ha' te mo batz'i diosuk 

chu'unane [he who does not beUeve in a 

real god], 

pander muktal-'Uc'van [escort secretiy]. 

pardon ch'aybey mul [discard one's sin], 

partisan be partisan: jech ch'uun [beUeve in or obey 

a side], 

partner be a partner of: ta tojol 'atey [be counted as 

one's], 

patriarch lUceb 'epal 'utzU vinik [beginning of many 

gcxxl people], 

pafrol night pafrol: joyeb j-tek lum [town cfrcuit]. 

peace be at peace: ch'an-chi xanav [walk or live 

quietiy or mutely], 

peaceable peaceable person: melel vinUc [straight person]. 

pearl 'utzil ton [good stone], jalal ton [precious 

stone], 

perfume 'ak' ta ch'ailtik [put in smoke], 

perverse be perverse: mo meleluk 'ayan [not be born 

honest or sfraight]. 

philosopher j'ipal-metz' [he of many excuses or wordy 

explanations], j'ipal-pom [he of much 

incense], 

pilgrim xanvil la 'Uel ch'uul mukenal [fraveler to see 

holy cemetery], 

pilgrimage ch'uul me'anajel xanbal [sorrowful holy 

waUc], nam-tal xanbal [distant waUc]. 

pimp jmukul-'ik'vanej [secret escort], Hovil kelem 

[crazy boy]. 

pipe be 'a'lel [water path], be-o' [water path], 

lok'eb Ho' [water exit], 

population 'epal na [many houses]. 

praise toy [raise]. 

pregnant kolo' [wicked]. 

presume toy ba [raise oneself]. 

priest jchabi-ch'u [God guardian], jch'uul-xanbal 

[he who lives or waUcs in holiness], 

primogeniture Ha' yal ta pop ta tz'omol lot [he who 

descends to his father's mat and stool], 

privilege Hun 'ojov [lord's paper], 

procession joyijel [walking in a cfrcle]. 

prodigal prodigal person: jlajesel bel na [he who uses 

up the contents of his house], 

prophesy k'inij [mark the day], 

prosperous be prosperous: nopbiUiopbU pas [do thoughtfully], 

protection commit oneself lo anotiier's protection: tzoy 

ba [tether oneself], jok'an ba [hang 

oneself], Ukan ba [hang oneself], 

pry pry into others' affafrs: jak' mul [ask about 

one's sin], jak' pasnej [ask about one's 

deeds], 

purgatory (where one's sins are paid for after this Ufe): 

'ox-kajal na ta chamebal [tiiree story 

house in the place of death], 

rank entmst one's rank to another: va'an k'exol 

[stand up one's substitute], 

lose rank: tup' [extinguish], 

reed chanib [four], 

relationship blood relationship: 'ibel [root]. 

reUgion 'utzil xanbal [good life or walk], ch'uul 

xanbal [holy life or waUc]. 

respect 'ak' ta vinUc [freat or give as a person], 

rest be given a rest: muib [become fragrant], 

nichimaj [flower], 

retfred ch'aybU 'abtel [discarded work], ch'aybil 

patan [discarded tribute], 

reward pakbey 'utzil [return goodness], toj [pay], 

right 'ibel [rcxit]. 

rocky sharp rocky place: ch'ix-tontik [tiiorny rocks]. 

rose ch'ixal nichim [thorny flower], 

sacrifice human sacrifice: kupvanej ta moton ch'u 

[sawing of person as God's gift], 

sacrilegious be sacrilegious: mo ch'uun na dios [not 

beUeve in God's house], 

safe be safe: mo k'u na' [not worry or know about 

anything], mo k'u xi' [not fear anything], 

mo vokoluk [no difficulty], 

savage 'abnaUl vinik [forest person], voymollUcil 

vinUc [wild or thicket person], 

scolding tzatzal tzitzvanej [sfrong sermon], 

secret muktal [buried]. 

secret act: muktal pasnej [buried act], mukul 

pasnej [buried act], 

shovel pech'pech' le' [flat stick or wood], 

sin original sin: 'ibel muUl [root of sin]. 
556 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

size 

sleepy 

snakebite 

soUd 

song 

sovereign 

speak 

spindlewhori 

sponge 

squared 

staff 

stand 

standing 

steal 

stiffen 

sfraightforwardness 

sfreambed 

student 

stuffed 

stupidity 

submit 

succeed 

surname 

tax 

time 

tortiUa 

frack 

fravel 

tiiist 

frutii 

ugly 

uniform 

unmarried 

virgin 

waUc 

make the same size (long, tall things): ko'ol 

'ayan 'u'un [have (thing) be born the 

same], 

be sleepy: cham ta vayel [die of sleep], 

be poisoned by snakebite: tz'ot ta chon [be 

twisted by a snake], 

tonton [r(x:k-lUce]. 

intricate song: tz'i'lel k'eyoj [difficult song], 

toj toyol [very high], 

speak harmoniously: ch'ojonch'ojon k'opoj 

[speak with ropes], 

tzek petet [spindle skirt], 

pok'-ton [slapping stone], 

be squared: chan-xuk* 'ayan [have four 

corners be born]. 

nam-te'U [distance stick], 

stand at attention: chan-xiUc* [four corner], 

person in low standing: bet*bU vinik [pushed 

down person], 

easy to steal: matanal 'elk*anel [gift robbery], 

(corpse): te'ub [become stick-Uke]. 

tojol xanbal [sfraight life or walk]. 

dry Sfreambed: taki-tontik [dry rocks], 

jchan-Hun [paper learner], 

feel stuffed: ton-ch'utuy [have rock-lUce 

stomach], 

ton-kokil [stone deafness], 

bik'tajes ba [reduce oneself], 

submit to: pas ba ta 'olon [make oneself at 

the bottom], 

succeed in: natij lek [go good and far], 

k'atajeb biU [fransformation name], 

jamob bail [self opener], 

take a long time: toy k'in [Uft tiie day], 

batz'i vaj [tme bread], 

frack left by stone that has been pushed: be 

ton [stone path], 

fravel far away: 'Uctay na xanav [abandon 

one's house and walk], 

tzoy ba [tether oneself], jok'an ba [hang 

oneself], 

tinst in God: k'uban ba ta tojol dios [entmst 

oneself to God], mak ba ta tojol dios [shut 

oneself up for God], 

batz'i k'op [real word], 

be ugly (person, animal): xi'benaj ba [be 

fearsome], 

vinajebal k'u'ul [display clotiiing], 

be unmarried: naka no 'ox xanav [just live 

or walk], 

batz'i tzeb [real or true gfrl], tzeel tzeb 

[unripe girl], kuxul tzeb [live gfrl], 

take a waUc: lajeb-xanav [waUc to tiie end]. 

walnut 

water 

whiskey 

wine 

winter 

woman 

worthUy 

ton bek' [stone seed], 

sounder for measuring depth of water: liklik 

tak'in [dangling metal], 

corn whiskey: 'a'lel 'ixim [corn juice], 

chi' [sweet]. 

Ho'tik [rainy season], 

barren woman: xinch'okU 'antz [mascuUne 

woman], 

manly woman: xinch'ok 'olonton 'antz 

[woman with a man's heart], 

'oy be [it has a path]. 

M.A. Animals 

cypress 'ok'U te' [coyote free]. 

eel chon choy [snake fish], 

fer(x:ious bolom [jaguar], 

fox 'ajval tuluk' [lord or enemy of the chickens], 

gluttony tuluk'U ve'el [chicken meal], 

grackle boat-tailed grackle: bak mut [bone or tiiin 

bfrd], 

hawk me' kotz [mother of roosters], 

ivory 'e elefante chij [elephant deer tooth], 

juniper k'uk' toj [quetzal pine], 

nightingale 'utzil j'ok'el mut [beautiful singing bfrd], 

StaUion mulav caballo [sinful horse], 

thunder j 'ox-lajun Ha'al chon [thineen aquatic snake], 

jjun Ha'al chon [one aquatic snake], 

tribute coUect tribute: 'ich' k'uk' [receive quetzals], 

weasel 'ajval ttiluk' [lord or enemy of chickens], 

Zinacantan Sotz' Leb [bat net]. 

M.A.I Monkey 

amusement 

entertain 

eye 

feign 

flatter 

grimace 

hit 

jest 

lazUy 

leisure 

merry 

mock 

negligentiy 

play 

pretend 

maxil [monkeyness]. 

'ak' maxUajuk [give monkeyness]. 

pupU of tiie eye: maxil satil [monkey of tiie 

eye], 

person feigning sleep: jmaxil-vayel [person 

who monkey sleeps]. 

maxilan [monkey], 

make grimaces: maxU-lok'lay [monkey create], 

maxil-p'is [monkey measure], 

hit Ughtiy: maxU-baj [monkey hit], maxUmaj [monkey hit], 

maxmonet [monkey], 

maxilmaxil [monkey-like], 

maxil [monkeyness], 

be merry: maxilaj [monkey], 

maxilaj [monkey], 

do negligently: maxil-pas [monkey do], 

maxmonet [monkey], 

pretend to eat maxil-ve' [monkey eat], 

pretend to go: maxil-bat [monkey go]. 
NUMBER 31 557 

recreation maxil [monkeyness]. 

solace maxil [monkeyness]. 

trick maxiltay [monkey]. 

word word game: maxU [monkeyness]. 

14,A,2. Dog 

gluttony tz'i'U ve'el [dog meal]. 

greyhound 'ipal j^anil-tz'i^ [racing dog], bakbak tz'i^ 

[bony or tiiin dog]. 

juggler tz'i'U vinUc [dog-lUce person]. 

leprous sal tz'i' [leprous dog]. 

rabid become rabid: tz'i'U-k'ak'ub [become doggishly hot]. 

rabies k'ak'al tz'i'[hot dog]. 

sinfubess persistent sinfiilness: tz'i'U ta muUl [doggishness in sin], 

sinner become a sinnen tz'i'ub [become a dog], 

frout tz'i' choy [dog fish], 

14.B, Body parts and excrement 

dysentery have dysentery: ch'ut 'a'i [feel one's stomach], 

flower flower painted like a tiger with the image of 

a dragon inside: 'utz'ob bolom [jaguar's 

nosegay], 

forearm (venfral surface): ch'ut k'obU [stomach of 

the arm]. 

gizzard cho'U [grinder or metate], 

hernia (one testicle): xulub tonU [horn stone], 

kidney k'in [day], 

laurel tzis chauk [thunderbolt fart], 

louseridden na 'uch' [louse house], 

menstinalion k'un'isim [soft beard], 

moss Spanish moss: tzon te' [free beard], 

speak speak confusedly: sokol ti' k'opoj [speak 

with confused lips or mouth], 

tweezers tulob motzob [eyebrow puller], 

wrist nuk' k'obU [hand or arm neck], 

14,B,1. Head and skuU 

attic jol na [head of the house], 

baptism yaleb Ho' ta jolol [lowering of water on the 

head], 

fortune rise in fortune: toy jol [raise one's head], 

gristie k'unU bakel [soft bone], 

mountain top on tiie mountain top: ta jol vitz [on the 

mountain head], 

name family name: jol bul [head name], 

nipple jol chu' [head of the breast], 

prologue jol k'op [head of the word], 

ridicule jolom-k'optay [speak against witii the skuU]. 

roof jol na [house head]. 

status rise in status: toy jol [lift one's head]. 

surname jol bul [head name]. 

swim swim underwater: muk jol [bury one's head]. 

tUde jol tz'ib [head of writing]. 

tooth front tooth: jol 'e [head tooth]. 

toothache have a t(X)thache: k'ux jol [have one's head 

ache], 

tower highest tower of a fortification in which the 

warden lived: jol yabutijebal na [head of 

the battiement house]. 

14.B.2. Face and eyes 

awake slay awake all night (unable to sleep): 

ton-sati [have stone eyes]. 

cautious cautious person: vik'il sat vinik [open-eyed 

person], 

child (metaphorically): sat [eye or face]. 

drowsy be drowsy: ch'ay sat [lose one's eyes]. 

fortune rise in fortune: vik' sal [open one's eyes], 

fmit (general term): sal [eye or face]. 

linseed sat lino [linseed eye or face], 

pifion pinon nut: sat toj [pine eye or face], 

presence satU [eye or face], 

pretend pretend to be: 'elov cha'ley ba [pretend lo 

be its face], 

respond respond to riddles or signs: satibU nop [aim 

and think], satibil tak'av [aim and reply]. 

sand grain of sand: sat yi' [eye or face of sand], 

squint (as when they aim a bow and arrow): 

tz'e'-sati [eye sideways], 

status rise in status: vUc' sat [have one's eyes open]. 

14.B.3. Ears 

attention pay attention: tz'e'an chikin [ccx:k one's ear], 

corner corner of house: chUcin na [house ear], 

news report news to: lam ta chUcin [pick up for 

one's ears]. 

piUar chUcin [ear]. 

report report news to: jam la chikin [open one's 

ears], 

report that one has heard: chikin [ear]. 

mmo mmor tiiat one has heard: chUcin [ear]. r 

14.B,4. Nose 

beat 

bow 

end 

kiss 

lap 

point 

beat one's breast: tij ni' 'olonton [sfrUce tiie 

tip or nose of one's heart], 

(ship, canoe): ni' jom [tip or nose of canoe], 

ni' [nose]. 

'utz'i ni' [sniff one's nose], 

ni' 'olontonil [nose or end of tiie heart]. 

ni' [nose]. 
558 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

spring ni-nab Ho' [sea nose water], ni-o' [water 

nose], 

sprout ni' [nose], 

stomach pit of tiie stomach: ni' 'olontonil [nose or 

end of the heart]. 

14.B.5. Moutii, lips, teetii. throat, tongue, and breatii 

apology 

arm 

army 

awe-inspfring 

blade 

boy 

breath 

cruelty 

dead 

declare 

door 

driveling 

dull 

facade 

famous 

fierceness 

honest 

iUustrious 

impatience 

important 

inhumanity 

interpreter 

ivory 

learn 

majesty 

nimbletongued 

ya ti'il [anguish mouth]. 

va'an j'antzil-ti' [stand up the womanly 

mouth person], 

army in campaign: j-tos la 'antzil-ti' [a group 

in tiie womanly moutii]. 

be awe-inspfring: 'oy 'Uc' [have breath, afr 

or wind], 

'e [mouth or tootii], 

boy with changing voice: vok' nuk'ul kelem 

[boy with broken neck or throat], 

bad breatii: luU ti' [stinky moutii]. 

lek'-ti'U [Up-Ucking]. 

be dead: ch'ay 'ik' [lose one's breath], 

nearly dead person: lut'um-'e vinik [scar 

mouth person], 

declare oneself: vinajes 'ik' [display one's 

breath, afr or wind], 

ti' likeb [exit lips or mouth], ti' lok'ebal [exit 

lips or moutii], ti' na [house lips or 

mouth], 

back door: ti' pat na [lips or mouth of the 

back of tiie house]. 

Ho' ti' [watery mouth], 

become duU: tijub 'e [have mouth or tooth 

thicken], 

become dull (knife or sword): pimub 'e [its 

mouth or tooth grows thick], 

ti' na [house mouth], 

'ip 'Uc' [much breatii, afr or wind], 

become famous: japluj 'ik' [shining breath, 

afr or wind], 

lek'-ti'il [Up-Ucking]. 

k'exlal ti' [shame mouth], 

'ip 'ik' [with lots of breath, air or wind], 

lek'-ti'il [Up-Ucking]. 

(official): 'ip 'Uc'al [with lots of breath, air 

or wind], 

lek'-ti'il [Up-Ucking]. 

jtzul-ti' [he of submerged Ups or mouth]. 

jsut-ti' [mouth returner], 

'e elefante chij [elephant deer t(X)th]. 

learn by heart: chan ta ti' [learn with one's 

lips or mouth], 

k'ak'al 'Uc' [hot breath, air or wind], toj nom 

'ik' [very distant breath, air or wind]. 

sobtiksobtUc 'ok' [quick-tongued]. 

predict toj-ti'i [sfraight-lip]. 

promise 'al ta ti' [say witii one's moutii or lips]. Hap 

ti' [have one's Ups swear]. 

pronounce sutejes ta ti' [rettfrn in one's lips or mouUi]. 

prophesy toj-ti'i [be sfraight-lipped or mouthed], 

prophet jti'iej-k'op [moutiier of words], 

quarreler j'ipal-ti' [he of many lips or mouths], 

quarrelsome 'ip lek'-ti'U [much Up-Ucking]. 

be quarrelsome: 'ip ti' 'ok' [one's tongue 

eats a lot], 

rebound (blade): juyp'ij 'e [have its mouth or tooth 

rebound], 

reply 'al ti' [have one's lips or moutii say], 

reply shamelessly or repeatedly: jalbil 'abnal 

ti' tak'av [reply with torn leaves of the 

mouth], 

respect 'oy 'Uc' 'a'i [feel tiiere is breatii, air or wind], 

roof small roof jutting out from the wall to shelter 

people from the rain: ti' sUc [lips, mouth 

or edge of the cold], 

sash ti' pok' [moutii or edge of clotii], 

scold ch'ivet 'e [have one's mouth wrinkle], k'ux 

'e [chew or grind one's teetii], 

seacoast ti' nab [mouth or edge of the sea], 

sharp joy 'e [thin mouth or tooth], 

(blade): 'oy 'e [have a moutii or tooth], 

be sharp: 'utz 'e [good mouth or tooth], 

sharpen jayubes 'e [thin moutii or tooth], pas 'e [do 

mouth or t(X)th]. 

sharpen blade: Hux 'e [whet its tooth], 

spirit 'ik' [breatii. afr or wind]. Hobil [breath], 

stupid be stupid: mo 'oyuk ch'ulum-ti'il [not have 

polished lips or mouth], 

suburb ti' nanatikil na [mouth or edge of the houses]. 

thfrst taki-ti'U [dry moutii or Ups]. 

throat 'avanabil [shouter]. 

tmmpet end of a tmmpet ti' frompeta [tiiimpet lips 

or moutii]. 

war 'antzU ti' [womanly mouth or lips], 

warm (water or cold object): tzamesbey 'e [kUl its 

teeth or mouth], 

water bank or edge of any body of water: ti' Ho' 

[water mouth or Ups]. 

windpipe be 'ik' [breath, afr or wind path], 

word person who speaks empty words: cha'-ti'U 

vinUc [he of two moutiis or lips]. 

14.B.6. Heart 

advice take advice seriously: 'ak' ta 'olonton [put 

in one's heart]. 

affUct t'inlebey 'olonton [pierce one's heart], 

amazement be stmck with amazement ch'ay 'olonton 

[lose one's heart], 

anger burst with anger: vokan 'olonton ta 'U [have 
NUMBER 31 559 

one's heart boU witii anger], 

seetiie with anger: loklon 'olonton [have 

one's heart roar]. 

angry angry person: jk'ak'al-'olonton [hot-hearted 

person], 

be angry: 'iUn 'olonton [have one's heart 

scold]. 

anxiety bak'el 'olonton [heart movement], bik'tajel 

'olontonil [reduction of the heart], 

k'opk'onel 'olonton [chattering of tiie 

heart]. 

anxious be anxious: bak' 'olonton [have one's heart 

move], jik' 'olonton [have one's heart 

sigh], k'ux 'olonton [have a painful heart]. 

appease nakanbey 'olonton [seat one's heart]. 

beUeve beUeve in: 'ak' ta 'olonton [put in one's 

heart]. 

brave become brave: tzatzub 'olonton [have one's 

heart sfrengthen]. muk'ub 'olonton [have 

one's heart grow big]. 

bravery yijil 'olonton [sturdy heart]. 

breast na 'olontonil [heart house]. 

calm nakanbey 'olonton [seat one's heart]. 

calmness laanU 'olonton [lame heart]. 

capricious capricious person: j'epal-'olonlon [manyhearted person]. 

careful be careful: 'ak' 'olonton [give or put one's 

heart], bak' 'olonton [have one's heart 

move]. 

clever become clever: tz'ib 'olonton [have a heart 

of writing]. 

column nakleb chikin te' [seat of wooden ear or ear 

free], 

comfort patbey 'olonton [mold one's heart], 

communal 'ol [heart], 

confession tojobtasel 'olontonil [heart correction], 

consider 'at 'olonton [have one's heart count], na' ta 

'olonton [know in one's heart], 

consolation ch'ubayel 'olonton [building of one's heart], 

patel 'olonton [molding of the heart], 

conversion (as of St, Paul): sutel 'olontonil [return of tiie 

heart], 

converted be converted (from sinful ways): Hul 'olonton [have one's heart return]. 

counsel lake counsel seriously: la ta 'olonton [find 

in one's heart]. 

courage tzatzal 'olonton [sfrong heart], muk'ul 'olontonU [big heart]. 

courthouse 'ol na [house of the heart], ch'akebal 'ol 

[judgment place of the heart]. 

cowardly 'unen 'olonton [baby heart], bik'tal 'olonton 

[small heart]. 

craziness ma'-ba 'olal [calamitous heart]. 

cmel ch'Uom 'olonton [warrior heart], k'ok' 'olonton [hot or ffre heart]. 

cunning tz'ib 'olonton [writing heart]. 

death near death: las 'olonton [have one's heart 

pulled]. 

deUberate ch'ak 'olonton [divide one's heart], pas 

'olonton [one's heart does], 

despondency bUc'tal 'olonton [small heart], 

devise nop ta 'olonton [think in one's heart]. 

diUgent freat dUigentiy or pmdentiy: 'ak' ta 'olonton 

'u'un [put in one's heart because of it], 

dismay sa'bey 'olonton [look for one's heart], 

dissolute be dissolute: ch'ay 'olonton [lose one's 

heart], 

dissolute person: jch'ay 'ol vinUc [person 

who loses his heart], jma' 'ol vinik 

[heartiess person], 

disfressed be disfressed: 'ok' 'olonton [one's heart 

cries], bik'taj 'olonton [have one's heart 

grow small], 

distmst k'op 'olonton [word of one's heart], 

distmstful chib 'olonton [two-hearted], 

disturbed be distiubed: bak' 'olonton [one's heart 

moves], nik 'olonton [one's heart moves], 

sok 'olonton [one's heart is disturbed], 

doleful k'uxob 'olal ba [heart pain], 

doubt chib 'olonton [two hearts], nop ta 'olonton 

[think in one's heart], 

doubtful be doubtful: sa'al 'olonton [have searching 

heart], 

dream dream up: nop ta 'olonton [tiiink in one's 

heart], 

dupe ch'aybey 'olonton [discard one's heart], 

embolden tzatzubes 'olonton [sfrengthen one's heart], 

miUc'ubes 'olonton [enlarge one's heart], 

enraged be enraged: ch'ach'on 'olonton [have one's 

heart swarming], k'ak'ub 'olonton [have 

one's heart heat up], k'uxey 'olonton 

[have one's heart hurt], vokan 'olonton 

[have one's heart boU]. 

favorably be favorably disposed to: ta tojol bat 'olonton 

[one's heart goes to], 

fickle 'ep 'olonton [many-hearted], yantikyantik 

'olonton [cUfferent hearted], 

be fickle: sob yanij 'olonton [quickly change 

one's heart], 

foolish mo 'oyiUc "olonton [not have a heart], 

forget make forget 'ak' ch'ayuk ta 'olonton [have 

lost from one's heart], 

forgotten be forgotten: ch'ay 'olonton [lose one's 

heart], 

frighten frighten person from carrying out a plan: 

k'asbey 'olonton [break one's heart], 

fury k'ak'al 'olonton [hot heart], 

govern govern self: k'op 'olonton luk pas [do only 

the word of one's heart], 

grievous be grievous: ta 'olonton [reach one's heart]. 
560 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

guess 

hard-hearted 

hate 

hear 

heart 

honor 

imagine 

importunate 

imprudent 

inabiUty 

incompetent 

inconstancy 

inconstant 

inncx:ent 

intend 

intention 

invent 

judicious 

knowingly 

lap 

learn 

love 

madness 

magnaminity 

magnanimous 

taoj 'olonton [reached one's heart], tij 

'olonton [strike one's heart], 

tzai 'olonton [have one's heart think], nop 

ta 'olonton [tiiink in one's heart], 

become hard-hearted or persist in one's 

demands: tonib 'olonton [have one's heart 

turn to stone], 

tzoj 'olonton 'u'un [have a red heart towards], 

hear approvingly or with pleasure: talel ta 

'olonton 'a'i [feel it come to one's heart], 

skin covering the heart: k'u' 'olonton [heart 

clothing], 

ta 'olonton [in one's heart], 

'ak' ta 'olonton [put in one's heart], nop ta 

'olonton [tiiink in one's heart], 

be importunate: bak' 'olal [have one's heart 

move], mo 'oyuk 'olonton [not have a 

heart], mo 'oyuk 'olonton [not have a 

heart], 

be impmdent: mo 'oyuk 'olonton [not have 

a heart], 

ma'-'olal [heartless], 

mo 'oyuk 'olonton [not have a heart], 

'epal 'olontonil [with many hearts], sutelsutel 'olontonU [frequent return of the 

heart], 

mo to jaka 'oyiUc 'olonton [not yet have a 

heart], yantUcyantUc 'olonton [differenthearted], 

be inconstant mo tzotzuk 'olonton [not have 

a sfrong heart], 

be innocent: 'utz 'olonton [have a good 

heart], 

intend to do: 'ak' 'olonton [give or put one's 

heart], jak' ta 'olonton [ask one's heart], 

ch'akel 'olonton [division or judgment of 

one's heart], 

ba'yi jut ta 'olonton [do ffrst in one's heart], 

ba'yi nop ta 'olonton [think ffrst in one's 

heart], 

tz'ib 'olonton [writing-hearted], p'ij 'olonton 

[smart-hearted], 

be judicious: 'utz 'olonton [good-hearted], 

talel la 'olonton [arrival at one's heart], 

ni' 'olontonil [nose or end of the heart]. 

learn by heart: chan ta 'olonton [learn in 

one's heart], 

k'uxul 'olonton [heart pain]. 

faU passionately in love: k'uxub 'olonton 

[have one's heart hurt], 

ch'ayel 'olontonil [loss of heart], 

muk'ta 'olonton [big heart], 

magnanimous person: jtzatzal-'olonton [slrongmagnoUa 

matiuity 

mind 

miserable 

misery 

mistmst 

moderate 

negligence 

note 

nuisance 

obstinacy 

passion 

penitence 

perplex 

please 

poor 

prevent 

propose 

pmdence 

pmdent 

purpose 

rage 

reconciled 

reflective 

hearted person], 

very fragrant heart-shaped flower: 'olonton 

nichim [heart flower], 

(age of discretion): k'inal 'ulel 'olonton [day 

when the heart returns]. 

'olontonU [heart], 

change one's mind: sut 'olonton [have one's 

heart return], 

make up one's mind: *ak' la 'olonton [put 

in one's heart], ch'ak 'olonton [have one's 

heart decide], ch'ak ta 'olonton [decide 

in one's heart], 

store in one's mind (to do or say at a later 

date): na' ta 'olonton [know or remember 

in one's heart], 

k'uxob 'olal ba [painful-hearted], 

ma'-ba 'olal [heartless], 

sa' •olonton [search one's heart], 

be moderate: k'op 'olonton tuk pas [do only 

the word of one's heart], 

mukul 'olontonU [buried heart], 

take note of: 'ak' ta 'olonton [put in one's 

heart], 

take note of another person's actions: komes 

ta 'olonton [deposit in one's heart]. 

jbUc'tajesvanej-'olontonU [heart diminisher]. 

tzatzal 'olonton [hard-heartedness]. 

k'uxul 'olonton [heart pain], 

bik'tajel 'olontonU [reduction of heart], 

me'anajel 'olonton [misery of one's heart], 

ch'aybey 'olonton [lose one's heart], 

k'uxubesbey 'olonton [hurt one's heart], 

lok'esbey 'olonton [create one's heart], 

miubtasbey 'olonton [perfume one's heart], 

k'uxob 'olal ba [have painful heart], 

prevent person from doing something good 

or bad: sa'bey 'olonton [search one's 

heart], 

propose wUUngly: 'ak' 'olonton [give one's 

heart], jak' ta 'olonton [ask with one's 

heart], 

tojol 'olonton [sfraight heart], 

pmdent person: j'at-'olonton [heart counter], 

freat dUigentiy or pmdentiy: 'ak' ta 'olonton 

'u'un [put in one's heart because of it], 

'ak'el la 'olonton [putting in one's heart], 

'il 'olonton [anger of one's heart], k'ak'ubel 

'olonton [heat of one's heart], vokanel 

'olonton [boiling of one's heart], 

be reconciled: laanej 'olonton [have one's 

heart be tame], Hul 'olonton ta tojol [have 

one's heart come to], 

reflective person: j'at-'olonton [heart counter]. 
NUMBER 31 

reform 

regret 

relax 

relent 

remember 

remind 

repent 

repentance 

resolve 

reveal 

revelation 

sad 

sadness 

safe 

sage 

senator 

senses 

sick 

sigh 

soUcitous 

speak 

meltzajel 'olontonil [making of the heart], 

sut 'olonton [have one's heart return], 

k'uxub 'olonton [have one's heart hurt], 

yanij •olonton [have one's heart disguise 

itself], 

'ich' 'olonton [receive one's heart], 

make person relent k'asbey •olonton [break 

one's heart], sa^bey 'olonton [search one*s 

heart], 

tam la 'olonton [pick up in one*s heart], Hul 

ta 'olonton [return to one*s heart], 

'ak* t'abuk ta 'olonton [have one's heart be 

persuaded], 

'ok' 'olonton [have one's heart cry], bUc'taj 

•olonton [have one's heart grow smaU], 

chibaj 'olonton [have one's heart become 

two], k'uxub 'olonton [have one's heart 

hurt], yanij 'olonton [have one's heart 

withdraw], 

repent one's sins: me'anaj •olonton 'u'un 

mul [have one's heart be miserable over 

one's sins], 

mich'el 'olonton [holding one's heart aloft], 

weaken in one's resolve: chibaj 'olonton [be 

two-hearted], k'un-yamaj 'olonton [have 

one's heart slacken], 

tambey ta 'olonton [pick up for one's heart], 

have a revelation: na' ta jambeyel la 'olonton 

'u'un dios [know by having one's heart 

opened by God], na' ta tambeyel ta 

'olonton 'u'un dios [know by picking up 

in one's heart because of God], 

grow sad: bUc'taj 'olonton [have one's heart 

grow smaU]. 

person who causes sadness: jme'anajesej-

'olontU [he who saddens hearts], 

feel safe: naktzaj 'olonton [have one's heart 

Stop moving], 

feel safe or secure: 'utz nakal 'olonton [have 

one's heart weU-seated]. 

j'at-'olonton [heart counter], 

jch'akel ta 'ol [divider or judge at the heart], 

jk'opojel ta 'ol [speaker at the heart], 

come back to one's senses (crazy person, 

dmnk): Hul 'olonton [have one's heart 

rettfrn]. 

become very sick: taoj 'olonton [have 

reached one's heart]. 

jUc'el 'olonton [heart sigh], 

be solicitous: 'ak' 'olonton [give one's 

heart], bak' 'olonton [have one's heart 

move], 

speak doubtfuUy: sa'al 'olonton k'opoj [speak 

with searching heart], 

speak with doubt: chib 'olonton k'opoj 

squeamish 

store 

sfreet 

suspect 

tame 

taxation 

temptation 

test 

think 

tormentor 

freat 

tmst 

uneasy 

unhappy 

upset 

virtue 

virtuousness 

voluntarily 

waist 

will 

wise 

561 

[speak with two hearts], 

be squeamish: xexon 'olonton [witii a 

vomiting heart], 

store in one's mind (to do or say at a later 

date): tz'ibay ta 'olonton [write in one's 

heart], 

'ol nanatik [heart houses], 

chib 'olonton 'u'un [have two hearts towards], chib 'olonton ta tojol [have two 

hearts toward], k'opoj 'olonton [have 

one's heart speak], nop la 'olonton [tiiink 

in one's heart]. 

become tame: 'ech' 'olonton [have one's 

heart pass], sUcub 'olonton [have one's 

heart grow cold], 

person exempt from taxation: 'ol vinik [heart 

person], 

give in to temptation: 'ak' ta 'olonton [put 

in one's heart], 

'a'ibey 'olonton [feel one's heart], 

test in many ways: k'an 'ilbey 'olonton [want 

lo see one's heart], 

'ak' ta 'olonton [put in one's heart], 'at 

'olonton [have one's heart count]. 

jbUc'lajesvanej-'olonlonU [heart diminisher]. 

freat a matter pmdentiy or diligently: 'a'i ta 

'olonton [feel in one's heart], 

'ak' ta 'olonton [put in one's heart], 

be uneasy: sok 'olonton [have one's heart 

be disturbed], 

be unhappy: bUc'taj 'olonton [have one's 

heart grow smaU]. 

bUc'tajesbey 'olonton [make one's heart 

grow small], 

'utzil 'olonton [g(X)d heart], 

tojol 'olonton [sfraight heart]. 

lUcel ta 'olonton [beginning in one's heart], 

lok'uk talel ta 'olonton [come out from 

one's heart], 

na 'olontonil [heart house], 

k'op 'olonton [word of one's heart], naka 

'olonton no 'ox [just in the heart], talel ta 

'olonton [coming in the heart], 

tz'ib 'olonton [have a heart of writing], p'ij 

'olonton [clever heart], 

be wise: 'utz 'olonton [g(X)d heart], 

wise man who discourses at length: jtzaiej-

'olonton [heart inventor], 

wise man who discovers new designs and 

inventions: jtz'ib-'olontonil [heart writer]. 

14.B.7. Soul 

brave become brave: 'ich' ch'ulel [receive one's 

soul]. 
562 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

cataract pixobil ch'ulel sal [covering of the iris or 

soul of tiie eye], 

fate ch'ulelil [soul], 

flatterer jk'an ch'ulel k'op [he who asks for the soul 

with words], 

happy be happy: 'oy ch'ulel [have a soul], 

lucky be lucky: 'U ch'ulel [see one's soul], 

mind ch'ulelil [soul], 

prosperous be prosperous: 'oy ch'ulel ta pasel [do with 

soul or luck]. 

pupU (eye): ch'ulel satU [soul of tiie eye], 

stupefied be stupefied: ch'ay ch'ulel [lose one's soul], 

unfortunate ma'-ch'ulel [soulless], 

unhappy be unhappy: mo 'oyuk ch'ulel [not have a 

soul or fate], 

unlucky be unlucky: kolo' ch'ulelU [wicked soul or 

fate]. 

14.B.8. Back. taU, butt 

backdoor belel pat na [patii of tiie back of tiie house]. 

bark patil [back]. 

cocoa ccKoa pod: pat kokov [cocoa back]. 

cypress nukul pal [leatiier back]. 

egg egg sheU: pat ton tuluk' [back of the chicken 

stone]. 

loin te'el patU [free of tiie back]. 

perverse be perverse: valak-pat 'ayan [be born backwards], valak-patij [go backwards]. 

piles 'ichU chak [ass chUi]. 

point chak [ass]. 

recant valak-patij ti' [have one's lips or moutii go 

backwards]. 

reluctantiy la valak-pat [behind]. 

sheU patil [back]. 

sinister valak-pat [behind]. 

skin skin (onion, snake): patil [back]. 

stern ne jom [canoe tail]. 

14.B.9. Penis 

flame 'at k'ok' [fu-e penis], 

jest tuU-'atij [pull out one's penis], 

liberal liberal person: 'atU vinUc [penis person], 

merrymaker 'atil vinik [penis person]. 

nobUity 'atil [penis]. 

pimp jUi-'atil vinik [sdiing out penis person], 

serene serene person: 'atil vinUc [penis person], 

sociable sociable person: 'atU vinUc [penis person], 

wasp large brown wasp: k'ak'al 'at [hot penis or 

stinger]. 

M.B.IO. Limbs and bones 

branch k'ob te' [free arm], 

decorate decorate with branches: 

energetic 

flower 

gristie 

hand 

nimble-handed 

pass 

pmne 

slope 

sole 

spoke 

sprig 

free 

walking 

free arms], 

become energetic: tzatzub 'ok [have one's 

legs sfrengthen]. 

flower spray: k'ob nichim [flower arm], 

'unen bakel [baby bone], 

put one's hand over one's heart (inside one's 

shirt): lap k'ob ta k'u' [wear one*s hand 

in one's clothing], 

right hand: batz'i k'ob [real hand]. 

sobtUcsobtUc k'ob [quick-handed], 

mountain pass: 'akan vitz [mountain leg]. 

lok'esbey k'ob [take off tiie arms], 

lower slopes: 'akan vitz [mountain leg], 

sole of foot 'ut 'okil [inside of foot], 

k'ob [arm], 

k'ob te' [free arm], 

tmnk and branches: bakel te' [free]. 

mimic person's manner of walking: pikbey 

'ok [touch one's feet or legs]. 

'ak' k'ob te' [put 

M.B.I 1. Resh and blood 

bleed lok'esbey ch'ich'el [take out one's blood]. 

chUd (metaphorically): ch'ich'el [blood]. 

deflower jambey bek'tal [open one's flesh]. 

lust bek'tal mul [flesh sin]. 

meat lean meat batz'i bek'et [real meal]. 

menstmal have menstmal period: lok' ch'ich'el 'il [see 

one's blood come out], 

pleasure carnal pleasure: muil bek'tal [fragrant flesh], 

sexual have sexual relations with: 'il bek'tal [see 

one's flesh], nop bek'tal chi'uk [one's 

flesh fits with], 

male or female sexual parts: k'exlal bek'tal 

[shame flesh]. 

14.B.12. Excrement 

bilge tzo' jom [canoe shit]. 

dregs tzo' vino [wine shit]. 

dump na tzo' [shit house]. 

ear ear wax: tzo' chikin [ear shit]. 

foam foam of boUing water: tzo' k'ak'al Ho' [hot 

water shit], 

gleanings corn gleanings: tzo' vojton [corncob shit], 

meteor tzo' k'anal [star shit], 

meteorite tzo' k'anal [star shit], 

mole tzo' •'uk [bedbug shit], 

nit tzo' uch' [louse shit], 

nitridden na tzo' 'uch' [louse shU house], 

stiver stiver dross: tzo' sakil tak'in [white metal 

shit], 

soapsuds tzo' ch'upak' [soap shit]. 
NUMBER 31 563 

wart tzo' •'uk [bedbug shit]. 

14.C. Sensations and perceptions. See also heart 14B6 

and world ME. 

afraid be afraid of: •ip 'a'i [feel alot]. 

busy be too busy: mu Hu' 'a'i [feel that one can't 

do it], 

cautious cautious person: julan vinUc [awake person], 

cruelty te'te'il [wcx)denness]. 

danger be out of danger: mo k'u na' [not know 

anything], 

dead be dead: ch'ay 'ik' [lose one's breath], 

difficult be difficult 'ip 'abtel 'a'i [feel a lot of work], 

seem dtfficult: 'ip tzatzal 'a'i [feel it lo be 

very hard], 

disobedient disobedient person: Ha' te mo 'a'ivan ta 

vinike [he who does not feel a person], 

divert 'ak' muibuk [let become fragrant], 

enraged 'ip k'ak'al [much heal]. 

evU consider evti: k'ux 'a'i [feel pain]. 

flee wish to flee from: mo 'utzuk 'a'i [not feel 

good], 

gladden muibes [perfume], 

goverri govern self: k'op 'olonton tuk pas [do only 

the word of one's heart], 

guess tzai 'olonton [have one's heart tiiink]. 

hate tavan 'ilel 'a'i [feel], 

honor ch'uun [believe], k'exavel [shame]. xi' [fear], 

toy [raise], 

honored be honored: muib [become fragrant], nichimaj [flower], 

hope tzoylej [tethering], jok'lej [hanging], 

humble humble oneself: 'itz'intas ba ta lum [make 

oneself a younger brotiier or a junior on 

the earth], 

inconstant yantUcyantUc tza [changing tiioughts]. 

laziness va'vonetel [swaying or staggering], 

learn learn by heart: chan ta ti' [learn witii one's 

lips or mouth], 

leave want to leave: kolo' 'a'i [feel to be evil], 

long long for: matz'et 'osil 'a'i [feel the world 

clenching], 

love fall in love: k'ux 'a'i [feel pain], 

low hold in low esteem: 'olonil 'a'i [feel below], 

bUc'it 'a'i [feel to be smaU], bik'U ch'amal 

'a'i [feel to be smaU]. 

mercUess 'ip lek'-ti'il [much Up-Ucking], 

merrymaker muU vinUc [fragrant person], 

mind 'a'ivanab [feeler], 'a'ivanej [feeling], 

miss 'ip na' [know or remember alot]. 

numb grow numb: cham [die], 

oversalty ch'a' chi' [bitter sweet], 

owner bet'oj tuk 'a'i [feel one alone dominates it]. 

be the owner: lekoj tuk 'a'i [feel one alone 

owns it]. 

pity vokol 'al 'a'i [feel one says difficulty or 

pities], 

be moved to pity: 'unenay [be baby-like], 

k'unij [soften], 

pleased be pleased: 'utz 'a'i [feel good], nop 'a'i [feel 

accustomed to]. 

pleasifre muibel [becoming fragrant], muil [fragrance]. 

carnal pleasure: muil bek'tal [fragrant flesh]. 

porch sun porch: 'a'iab k'ak'al [sun or heat feeler]. 

praised be praised: 'utz 'a'ibU [felt or known to be 

good], 

pmdence belel tza [the road to cleverness]. 

quarreler j'ipal-k'op [he of many words], j'ipal-ti' [he 

of many Ups or mouths], 

quarrelsome 'ip k'ak'al [very hot], 'ip lek'-ti'il [much 

lip-licking], 

recognize chak 'oy 'U 'a'i [feel as if one has seen]. 

repent k'ux 'a'i [feel pain], 

respect 'oy 'ik' 'a'i [feel there is breath, air or wind], 

scold k'ux 'e [chew or grind one's teeth], 

scorn k'ok' ba 'a'i [feel hot], 

skillful be skUlful: mo 'oyuk k'usi tzotz 'a'i [not 

have anything feel hard], 

speak speak impatientiy or in a fit of temper: 'ip 

k'ak'al k'opoj [speak with much heal], 

stupefied be stupefied: ch'ay ch'ulel [lose one's soul], 

mu *a'i ba [not feel oneself], 

value k'ux 'a'i [feel pain], 

victorious be victorious: 'ip jelav [pass far beyond], 

wake wake up: 'a'i ba [feel oneself]. 

14.D. Color 

14.D.1. Red 

angry become angry: tzajub [redden]. 

annoy tzajal-'ik' [call red]. 

baby newborn baby: tzajal 'olol [red child]. 

bribe tzajal-'ak'bey [give to witii red], tzajal-tzitz 

[persuade witii red], 

compulsory tzajal [red]. 

dislUce tzoj'U [see red], 

hate tzoj 'il [see red], tzoj 'olonton 'u'un [have a 

red heart towards], 

hafred hafred one receives: tzajal 'ilel [red sight]. 

infancy tzajal 'unetUcil [red babyhood], 

obligatory tzajal [red], 

rape tzajal-poch'i [sfruggle redly], 

rapist jtzajal poj 'antz [red woman snatcher]. 

request request repealed (with supplications or threats): 

tzajal-k'an [request red], 

shrimp tzajal choy [red fish]. 

tax compulsory lax: tzajal patan [red tribute]. 
564 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

14,D.2. Blue, green, and gray 

fish fresh fish: yaxal choy [blue-green fish], 

free yaxubes [to make blue-green], 

freedman yaxal vinik [blue-green person], 

fresh become fresh: yaxub [become blue-green], 

liberty yaxubel [blue-greenness], 

recent yaxal [blue-green], 

scrofula get scrofula: yax-k'a' [blue-green rot], 

tiiin become thin (Uquid): yaxaub [become gray], 

vagina yaxal bek'tal [blue-green flesh], 

weed weed too early whUe the plants are stUl 

young: yax-maj [hit blue-green]. 

14.D.3. Yellow 

egg 

gold 

scorch 

singe 

chicken egg yolk: k'anal ton tuluk' [yellow 

of tiie chicken's egg or stone], 

k'anal tak'in [yellow metal], 

k'an-k'ak' [burn yellow], 

k'an-k'ak' [burn yellow]. 

14.D.4. Black 

blind blind with pale eyes: 'ik'al moy [black 

tobacco], 

eclipse have eclipse of the moon: 'ik'ub 'u [the 

moon blackens], 

moifrning dress in moiu-ning: 'Uc'ub 'u'un [chame-vinik 

[become black because of a dead person]. 

Zinacantan 'Ik'al 'Ojov [black lord]. 

14.D.5. White 

beautiful saksak [white]. 

book book margin: sakil Hun [white paper], 

fungus fungus that grows on frees: sak-'itaj [white 

greens], 

jeer sak-tze'i [laugh at whitely]. 

loophole sakubeb 'osil [whitening place of the sky], 

silver sakU tak'in [white metal], 

stiver dross: tzo' sakil lak'in [white metal 

shit], 

tin sakU tak'in [white metal], 

14,E, Time, weather, sky, season, world, land 

ache feel aches and pains: bak' 'osU 'a'i [feel tiie 

earth move], 

adminisfration good adminisfration: melel 'osU [Uned-up 

time], 

afternoon late afternoon: samelsamel 'osil [late late 

time], 

agitate bak'es 'osU [move the earth]. 

airing take an airing: majey lum [have ground 

beaten], 

always batel 'osil [witii time going], lajel 'osil [end 

of time], 

anxiety k'uxul 'osU [painful time], me'anajel 'osU 

[sorrowful time], 

anxious be anxious: me'anaj 'osil 'a'i [feel sorrowful 

time], 

arms call to arms: nik 'o 'osU 'u'un [make time 

move], nikes j-tek lum [move a piece of 

ground], 

calendar calendar of saints' days: 'atob 'osU [time 

counter], *atob k'ak'al, 'atob k'in. 

calm (witiiout wind): ch'an chi 'osil [silent time], 

laaet 'osil [calm time], 

clear have sky clear: jam 'osil [have sky open], 

cUmate 'osil [world or time], 

clock 'atob 'osil [time counter], 

cloud cloud over: tz'i'lej ta tok [change color or 

become ugly with clouds], 

cloudy makal 'osU [covered weather or sky], 

continuous jUol 'osil [length of time], 

c(X)l cool off (weather): k'un-sUcub 'osil [have 

weather c(X)l slowly], 

country native country: lumal [ground], 

crave sitz'et 'osU 'a'i [feel craving time], 

dawn k'inaj 'osil [have sky become day]. 

deUght mu •osil chi 'u'un [have fragrant time]. 

deUght in: muib 'osil 'a'i [feel the time 

become fragrant], 

take delight in: luchimaj •osU 'a'i [feel the 

time flower], 

desert 'ol •osil [heart land], 

despafr ti'oltas 'osU [make time despafr], 

disgusted be disgusted by: koj 'osil 'a'i [feel disgusting 

time], 

disfress k'uxul 'osil [painfiU time], me'anajel 'osU 

[sorrowful time], 

disturbance 'ok'el 'osil [crying of the earth]. 

excite disturbances: ch'ijet 'osU 'u'un, k'oplay 

'osU [speak against the world], k'ulet 'osU 

•u'un [make ground growl], nikes 'osU 

[move time], sokes 'osil [disturb time], 

disturber jsok-lum [ground disturber], 

divert divert oneself: 'ech' 'osU 'u'un [have time 

pass], 'et'es 'osil [make time pass], 

dizzy grow dizzy: 'ik'-pultay 'osil 'a'i [feel world 

grow dark], sutet 'osU 'a'i [feel ground 

whfrl around], 

drizzle drizzle in a nor'easter: yal 'ak'ol Ho* [have 

upper water descend], 

east lok'eb k'ak'al [where the sun or heat comes 

out], lum yo' 'oy lok' talel k'ak'al [land 

or place where the sun or heat comes out]. 
NUMBER 31 

eclipse 

everywhere 

fatigued 

feeble 

feel 

flash 

flat 

forever 

free 

government 

healtii 

healUiy 

heaven 

holiday 

home 

honored 

humble 

iU 

immortal 

incite 

iteh 

lazy 

life 

long-Uved 

loophole 

lowlands 

manager 

melancholy 

merry 

have eclipse of the moon: 'Uc'ub 'u [the 

moon blackens], cham 'u [the moon dies], 

from everywhere: ta ju-jech 'osil [from each 

side of the world], 

be fatigued: yatUc 'osil 'a'i [feel suffering 

world], 

feel feeble (from sickness or age): yayatik 

'osil 'a'i [feel suffering world], 

feel out of place: mu nop 'osil 'a'i [not feel 

world to fit in], 

(lighfrung): leblon 'osil [flashing sky], 

flat and freeless: pUc'pUc' 'osil [bald land]. 

jUol 'osil [length of time], 

free time: naka 'osU [just time], 

gocxl government: melel 'osil [lined-up 

time], tojol 'osil [straight time], 

tzatzal 'osU [sfrong season], 

be healthy: kuxul 'osil 'a'i [feel Uvely time], 

be healtiiy (person): tzotz "osU 'a'i [feel 

sfrong time], 

'utzibeb [place of increasing goodness], 

muibeb [place of increasing fragrance], 

nichimajeb [flowering place], 

naka 'osil [just time], 

feel at home: nop 'osU 'a'i [feel world fit], 

be honored: nichimaj 'osU 'a'i [feel world 

flowering], 

humble oneself: 'itz'intas ba la lum [make 

oneself a younger brotiier or a junior on 

the earth], 

feel Ul: k'unk'un •osil 'a'i [feel gradual 

time], 

kuxul batel 'osil [aUve as time goes], mu 

cham batel 'osU [not die as time goes], 

bak'es 'osU [move the world], 

ch'inin 'osU 'a'i [feel itehy time], 

be lazy: ch'ajUal 'osil 'a'i [feel the laziness 

of time], naka 'ech' 'osU 'u'un [just let 

time pass], 

be lazy or sluggish: 'al-poman 'osU 'a'i [feel 

numb time], 

'ilel 'osil [seeing the world], 

be long-Uved: 'ep 'U 'osU [see the world or 

time alot], nat 'U 'osil [see far in time or 

in the land], nat xanav ta balumil [walk 

far in the world], 

sakubeb 'osil [whitening place of the sky]. 

in the lowlands: ta 'olon 'osil [in the bottom 

land]. 

jnikesej-'osU [world shaker], jnikesej-vinajel 

[sky shaker], 

be melancholy: mo muib 'osil 'a'i [not feel 

world becoming fragrant], 

be merry: muib *osU 'a'i [feel world becom565 

ing fragrant], 

mock muib 'osil 'a'i [feel world becoming fragrant], 

moon be fuU (moon): kol la 'ok'el [be freed of 

crying], 

have new moon appear: nach* 'u [have moon 

peer out], 

natiire talel 'osil [coming of tiie world], 

old be old: 'ep 'il 'osil [see a lot of time], 

outcry 'ok*el 'osil [crying of tiie world], 

paradise muibel 'osU [place of growing fragrance], 

nichimajebal 'osil [place of flowering], 

peace feel at peace: laaet 'osU 'a'i [feel tiie world 

to be calm], 

peacetime lamal 'osil [calm world or time], 

perpettial batel 'osU 'oy [have time go], jilol 'osU 

[length of time], 

please mu 'osU chi 'u'un [have time seem fragrant], 

pleased be pleased: mu 'osil 'a'i [feel fragrant time], 

postpone toy k*in [raise the day], 

province j-tek ta 'osU [a piece of land], j-tek la lumal 

[a piece of land], 

quarreler j'ipal-'osil [he of much time], 

recreation 'et'esej 'osil [time-passer], 

refresh laanej 'osil [time-calmer], 

refreshment 'et'esab 'osU [time-passer], 

rejoice muib 'osil 'a'i [feel time growing fragrant], 

sacrilegious be sacrilegious: mo ch'uun lum dios [not 

beUeve God's ground], 

sad be sad: me'anaj 'osU 'a'i [feel sorrowful 

time], 

season dry season: k'epel 'osil [dry time], takin 'osil 

[dry time or ground], 

rainy season: Ho'tikil 'osil [rainy time], 

Ho'tUcil lum [rainy ground]. 

see 'il 'osU [see the world], 

sick be sick: kolo' 'osU 'a'i [feel evil time]. 

become sick: k'unk'un 'osU 'a'i [feel gradual 

time], 

sickness kola'al 'osU [evil time], 

sfrait sfrait times (with hunger): yubul 'osil [narrow 

time], 

stunned be stunned: samet 'osU [feel darkening time], 

sutet *osU 'a'i [feel ground whfrling 

around], 

summer k'ak'altUcil 'osil [sunny time], k'epel 'osU 

[dry time], 

thunder 'avan 'osU [have time or sky shout], jinet 

'osil [roaring time or sky], t'ininet 'osU 

[roaring time or sky]. 

time at what time: buy 'osU [where in time], 

free time: xokol 'osil [empty time], 

short time: mo natuk 'osil [not a long time], 

tifrmoil bak'el 'osil [moving of world]. 
566 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

tyrannize tz'i'ley 'osil [spoil the world], me'anajes 

'osil [make world sorrowful], 

vagabond mak 'Uc' [wind obstmction], 

spend the day or time in vain: naka mal 

k'ak'al 'u'un [just have tiie sun set], 

na'ob 'osU [time-rememberer], 

pa'ivanab *osU [world-watcher], 

be weak with age or inffrmily: 'ok'elal 'osil 

'a'i [feel the crying time], 

have weather improve: 'utzib 'osil [have 

weather get good], 

buy 'osil [where in time], 

east wind: 'ak'ol 'ik' [upper wind], 

west wind: 'olon 'ik' [lower wind]. 

vain 

watch 

watchtower 

weak 

weather 

when? 

wind 

14.F. Size 

M.F.I. Big 

arrogance muk' 'a'ibU [feeling big]. 

brave become brave: muk'ub 'olonton [have one's 

heart grow big], 

care muk'ta 'ich'el [big receiving], 

city muk'ta j-tek lum [big piece of ground], 

muk'ta lum [big ground], 

courage muk'ul 'olontonil [big heart], 

embolden muk'ubes 'olonton [enlarge one's heart], 

glorify muk'ubtas [make big], 

grandfatiier muk'ta tot [big fatiier]. 

grandmother muk'ta me' [big mother], 

great- cha' muk'ta tot [second big fatiier], cha'-

grandfather va'al muk'ta tot [second standing big fatiier]. 

great-grand- cha' muk'ta me' [second big mother], 

mother cha'-va'al muk'ta me' [second standing big 

mother], 

haughtiness muk' cha'ley-baU [acting big], 

important 'ip muk'ul [very big], 

king muk' 'ojov [big lord], 

lie big lie: muk' pak'tayej k'op [big slapping 

word], 

magnanimity muk'ta 'olonton [big heart], 

presume muk' cha'ley ba [pretend to be big], 

proud become proud: muk' cha'leybil [pretencUng 

to be big]. 

14.F.2. Small 

anxiety bik'tajel 'olontonil [reduction of tiie heart], 

cowardly 'unen 'olonton [baby heart], bUc'tal 'olonton 

[small heart], 

despondency bUc'tal 'olonton [small heart], 

disfressed be disfressed: bik'taj 'olonton [have one's 

heart grow smaU]. 

exhausted be exhausted (person): bUc'taj [grow small], 

fault find fault witii: bik'tajes [make small]. 

humble humble oneself: bUc'taj [grow small], 

lessen lessen self (by wicked deed): bUc'tajes ba 

[make oneself small], 

penitence bik'tajel 'olontonil [reduction of heart], 

perutent be penitent: bUc'taj 'olonton [have one's 

heart grow smaU]. 

postpone k'oxibtas [make smaU]. 

quarrel bik'tal jatal [smaU quarrel], bUc'tal k'opk'onel 

[small noisy talk], 

rank lose rank: bUc'taj [grow smaU]. 

repent bUc'taj 'olonton [have one's heart grow 

small], 

sad grow sad: bUc'taj 'olonton [have one's heart 

grow smaU]. 

sermon brief sermon: bUc'tal tzitzo' [small sermon]. 

subdue subdue self: bUc'tajes ba [make oneself 

small], 

submit bik'tajes ba [reduce oneself], 

unhappy be unhappy: bUc'taj 'olonton [have one's 

heart grow small], 

upset bUc'tajesbey 'olonton [make one's heart 

grow smaU]. 

waUc bik'tal xanbal [small waUc]. 

weaken bik'tajes [reduce]. 

M.G. Hot and cold 

abrasive 

abusive 

agitated 

angry 

bull 

bullying 

cold 

comet 

cmel 

cmelty 

day 

dog 

drought 

enrage 

enraged 

fercx:ious 

k'ok' [hot]. 

abusive person: k'ak'al vinik [hot person]. 

become abusive: k'ak'ub [become hot]. 

greatiy agitated: toj k'ok'k'ok' [very hot]. 

k'ok' [hot]. 

angry person: jk'ak'al-'olonton [hot-hearted 

person]. 

become angry: k'ak'ub [become hot]. 

ferocious buU: k'ak'al vacas [hot bull]. 

k'ak'al [hot]. 

be very cold: cham ta sik [die of the cold]. 

fiery comet xojob k'ak'al [sunbeam]. 

k'ok' 'olonton [hot or ffre heart]. 

become cmel: k'ak'ub [become hot]. 

cmel person: k'ak'al vinik [hot person]. 

k'ak'al [heat]. 

k'ak'al [heat]. 

angry dog: k'ak'al tz'i' [hot dog]. 

have a (frought: va'i k'ak'al [have sun stand 

up], 

k'ak'ubes [heat up], tiles [set ffre to], 

'ip k'ak'al [much heat], laal k'ak'al [abundant heat], toj k'ok' [very hot], 

be eru-aged: k'ak'ub 'olonton [have one's 

heart heat up], 

k'ok' [hot], 

ferocious person: k'ak'al vinUc [hot person]. 
NUMBER 31 567 

ferocity 

fever 

fierce 

friendship 

fruit 

furious 

fury 

harsh 

hate 

horse 

hot-tempered 

impatient 

inadvertently 

lye 

majesty 

malaria 

mediator 

mercUess 

noon 

porch 

provoke 

quarrelsome 

rabid 

rabies 

rage 

scorn 

season 

siesta 

speak 

summer 

sun 

sunrise 

lame 

temper 

tyrant 

vagabond 

vengeful 

k'ok' vinik [hot person], 

k'ak'al [heat], 

k'ak'al [heat], k'ok' [fire], 

toj k'ok' [very hot], 

league of friendship: sUcubenal k'op [cooling 

of words], 

summer fmit k'ak'altUcil lo'bol [hot season 

fmit], k'ak'altikil sat [hot season fnut]. 

'ip k'ak'al [very hot], k'ok' [hot], 

k'ak'al 'olonton [hot heart], k'ak'alU [heat], 

harsh person: k'ak'al vinik [hot person], 

k'ok' ba 'a'i [feel hot], 

angry horse (that bares its teeth): k'ak'al 

cabaUo [hot horse], 

hot-tempered person: k'ak'al vinik [hot 

person], 

'ip k'ak'al [very hot], 

do inadvertentiy: k'ak'aUc'ak'al pas [do 

hotiy]. 

'anel Ho' [burning water], 

k'ak'al 'Uc' [hot breath, afr or wind], 

(three or four day fever with chUls): k'ak'al 

sik [hot cold], 

jsikubtasej-k'op [word cooler], 

'ip k'ak'al [very hot], 

k'uxul k'ak'al [painful sun or heat], 

sun porch: 'a'iab k'ak'al [sun or heat feeler], 

k'ak'ubes [heat up], 

'ip k'ak'al [very hot], 

become rabid: tz'i'U-k'ak'ub [become doggishly hot], 

k'ak'al tz'i' [hot dog], 

k'ak'al [heat], k'ak'ubel [heating up], k'ak'ubel 

'olonton [heal of one's heart], 

k'ok' ba 'a'i [feel hot], k'ok' ba 'U [see witii 

heal], 

dry season: k'inal k'ak'al [hot days], 

place for taking a siesta: 'et'esab k'ak'al 

[heat passer], 

take a siesta: 'et'es 'ipal k'ak'al [pass great 

heat], 

speak impatientiy or in a fit of temper: 'ip 

k'ak'al k'opoj [speak with much heat], 

(dry season): k'ak'altik [hot season], 

k'ak'al [heat], 

jameb k'ak'al [opening place of sun or heat], 

nach'eb k'ak'al [peeking place of sun or 

heat], 

become lame: sikub 'olonton [have one's 

heart grow cold], 

k'ak'al [heal], 

k'ak'al vinik [hot person], 

mak k'ak'al [sun-blocker]. 

k'ak'al [hot]. 

14.H. Kin terms 

afterbirth 

anvil 

beUy 

chUd 

grandfatiier 

grandmother 

greatgrandfather 

great-grandmother 

lettuce 

lie 

pity 

placenta 

rainbow 

sack 

seedling 

sin 

sUp 

sprout 

thumb 

toe 

me' 'olol [mother of child]. 

me' tenob tak'in [mother of metal beater]. 

me' tzo'U [mother of shit], me' pulom Ho' 

[mother of one's chamberpot or waterfiUer]. 

(metaphorically): ch'ich'el [blood], k'elom 

[sprout], nich [flower], sat [eye or face], 

muk'ta tot [big fatiier]. 

muk'ta me' [big mother], 

cha' muk'ta tot [second big fatiier], cha'-

va'al muk'ta tot [second standing big 

fatiier]. 

cha' muk'ta me' [second big motiier], 

cha'-va'al muk'ta me' [second standing 

big mother], 

young lettuce: 'alab lechuga [leimce child], 

big lie: me' pak'-k'op [motiier of slapped 

word], 

be moved to pity: 'unenay [be baby-Uke]. 

me' 'olol [mother of child], 

me' k'inabal [mother of drizzle], 

large sack: me' chu'uy [motiier sack], 

'ol tz'unubU [seed child], 

grave sin: me' mul [mother sin]. 

tz'unubU 'ol te' [free's seed child], 

'unenal [baby], 'unenal nich [baby flower], 

me' k'obil [mother of tiie hand], 

'ol 'ok [chUd of the foot], 

big toe: me' 'ok [motiier toe]. 

14.1. Vision 

affUct 'ak'bey 'il vokol. 'U vokol 'u'un [see 

difficulty because of]. 

dislUce tzoj 'U [see red], koj 'Uel 'a'i [fee disgusted 

witii the sight of], mo joluk 'il [not see 

as precious], tavan 'ilel 'a'i [feel disgusted 

with the sight of], 

example set an example: 'ak' ba ta k'el vinik [give 

oneself to be seen by people], 

exhaust 'il vokol 'u'un [see difficulty because of]. 

fortune rise in fortune: vUc' sat [open one's eyes]. 

hate 'ilet 'U [see anger], tzoj 'il [see red], 

kola'al-'U [see evil], kolo' 'U [see as 

wicked], 

hafred hafred one receives: tzajal 'Uel [red sight], 

kola'al 'ilel [wicked sight], 

hafred one recieves: 'iletel 'ilvanej [sight of 

hafred]. 

intimate be on intimate terms with: jol 'U [see as 

precious]. 
568 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

long-lived be long-lived: 'ep 'U 'osU [see the world or 

time alot], nat 'U 'osil [see far in time or 

in the land], 

lot cast or draw lots: 'il ta lok'obil [see in the 

figures] 

love jalal 'Uel [precious sight], jol 'il [see as 

precious]. 

faU in love: yakub ta jalal 'ilel [get dmnk 

with precious sight]. 

lucky be lucky: 'U ch'ulel [see one's soul]. 

martyrdom 'ilel vokol 'u'un dios [seeing difficulty 

because of God]. 

menstmal have menstmal period: lok' ch'ich'el 'il [see 

one's blood come out]. 

menstmate 'ilomaj [see]. 

missed be missed: jol 'U [see as precious]. 

night sit up a whole night: k'el 'ak'abal [wateh the 

night]. 

old be old: 'ep 'il 'osil [see a lot of time]. 

pigherd j'U-chitom [pig-seer]. 

pleased be pleased: 'utz 'U [see gocxi]. 

prophecy 'il tun [see that it is needed]. 

provable batz'ijesel ta j'Uojel [making real by tiie 

seer], 

punish 'ak'bey 'U vokol [make see difficulty], 'U 

vokol 'u'un [see cUfficulty because of]. 

recognize chak 'oy 'U 'a'i [feel as tf one has seen]. 

scorn k'ok' ba 'il [see with heal]. 

sexual have sexual relations with: 'il bek'tal [see 

one's flesh]. 

sleepy be sleepy: juch'et vayel ta sat [with sleep 

grinding one's eyes]. 

speaking not be on speaking terms with: mo 'oyuk 'U 

[not see to there]. 

squandered be squandered: mu vinaj bat [not see where 

it goes]. 

succeed succeed in: nat 'U [see far]. 

visit bat 'U [go to see]. 

work mix many works: 'ilel 'ilel 'abtel [appearance of work], 'ilel 'Uel tza [appearance 

of inteUigence], 'Uel 'ilel pasnej [appearance of deeds]. 

M.J. Speech 

agitator jxi'-k'op [he of fearful words], jxi'vanejk'op [he of fearful words]. 

agree agree on (price, deal): nop k'op [think of 

words], pas k'op [do words]. 

agreement tzobol k'op [gatiiered words], •chanul k'op 

[gatiiered words], ch'akeb k'op [division 

of words]. 

be in agreement: junjun k'op [single word], 

ko'ol k'op [same word]. Ha' no *ox k'op 

[just words]. 

iUicU agreement tzobol labal k'op [gatiiering 

of wick words], 

anxiety k'opk'onel 'olonton [chattering of tiie heart], 

argue tup'bey ba k'op [extinguish each other witii 

words], 

assifre assure for certain: kuxes k'op [revive words]. 

attorney jk'op [he of words], 

avenge avenge an insult: pak 'utel [return a scolding], 

backbite nam tal 'utvan [scold person at a distance], 

backbiter jjotz'-k'optayvanej [he who drags out and 

speaks against], 

bench stone bench against a wall: lo'lo-k'opojebal 

[chatting place], 

bewitch poxtay ta k'op [freat with words], poxtay la 

k'oplayvanej [freat by speaking against], 

bewitched k'oplaybil [spoken against], 

bond make a bond: 'ak' ta Hun k'op [put words 

on paper], 

brag natil-k'opoj [talk far], 

brevity tik'il k'op [inserted word], va'alva'al k'op 

[erect word], 

bribery tzajal 'ak'beyel k'op [red given words], tzajal 

tzitzvanej [red persuasion], 

certain batz'i k'op [real word], 

comparison joy-k'op [roundabout word], nop-k'op 

[thought up word]. p'isbU k'op [measured 

word], 

comply comply with the ordinances or mandates of 

the king or coiuthouse: chabi k'oplal 

[guard the talk], 

confract ch'akeb k'op [division of words], nopeb k'op 

[agreeme words], 

court court of justice: nak'ob k'op [word repository], 

courthouse ch'akob k'op [where words are judged or 

divided], 

credit lose one's credit: mu k'ot k'op [one's word 

does not arrive], 

curse chakanol k'op [words of hate], kola'al-'al 

[speak wickedly], ti'ol k'op [words of 

hate], 

deceit tzaU k'op [imagined words], cha'-lom k'op 

[two time words], 

deceitful deceitful person: jchibal-k'op [he of two 

words], 

deceitful questioning: jotz'-k'op [word dragging], 

deceive deceive witii fafr-seeming words: tasley-
NUMBER 31 569 

defamer 

denier 

deny 

detestation 

disagree 

disagreement 

discord 

discussion 

disobedient 

dispute 

distmst 

disturbance 

diviner 

doctrine 

draw 

dull 

dunce 

enchant 

enchantment 

end 

excite 

excuse 

explain 

faction 

flatterer 

friendship 

good 

k'oplay [cover and speak against], 

jpuk-k'op [word-spreader], 

jmuk-k'op [word-burier]. 

deny one's guUt (legal case): net' k'op [push 

one's words], 

chakanol k*op [words of hate], ti'ol k*op 

[words of hate], 

mu junjunuk k*op [not have a single word], 

'epal k'op [many words], 

have a disagreement 'ep k*op ta tojol [have 

many about], 

'epal k'op [many words], 

have a discussion set in order: choley k'op 

[line up words], 

disobedient person: Ha' te mu 'a'i k'ope [he 

who does hear words], 

labal k'op [evil words], naknak ba ta k'op 

[repel with words], pakpak ba la k'op 

[double back with words], 

legal dispute: k'op ta tz'el jch'akel [words 

besi judge or divider], 

person who setties disputes: jmeltzajesejk'op [word maker or settier], 

k'op 'olonton [word of one's heart], 

excite disturbances: k'oplay 'osil [speak 

against t world], 

jtoj ti'iej k'op [speaker of sfraight Upped or 

mouthed words], 

chanob k'op [word learner], 

person who draws one out jjoy-k'optayvanej 

[he who taUcs cfrcles around one], 

naka k'op [just words], 

lo'U vinUc [amusement person], 

(with words): k'oplay [speak against], 

evU enchantment: labtayvanej k'op [words 

of evil enchantinent], 

end of negotiation: tzutzeb k'op [end of 

words], 

'ak'bey k'op [give words to], 

pom [incense], 

sutejes [return], 

explain al length: pamij [cense], 

jechjech k'op [partisan words], tasal k'op 

[words of allies], 

jk'an ch'ulel k'op [he who asks for the soul 

with words], 

league of friendship: nopeb k'op [agreement 

of words], sUcubenal k'op [cooUng of 

words], 

be on good terms with: laal 'utzil k'opoj 

gossip 

governor 

hinder 

hostage 

incite 

incited 

inform 

informed 

ingenuously 

instigator 

interpret 

interpretation 

interpreter 

interrogation 

infroduction 

judgment 

lawyer 

league 

legal 

legation 

lie 

litigant 

lord 

magic 

malicious 

[speak ab good], 

j'ich'-k'op [word-receiver], jcha' lom k'op 

[he of two time talk], jchibal-k'op [he of 

two words], jotz'-k'optay [drag out and 

speak against], joyjoy-k'optay [speak 

around and against], 

jk'opojel ta 'ol [speaker at the heart], 

hinder by digressing from the subject: p'as 

[hinder the words on their path], 

lok'ob k'op [word of example], 

'ak'bey k'op [give words to], 

'ak'ebU k'op [given words], 

meltzajesbey k'op [make or settie words], 

be informed: laj 'a'i k'oplal [end hearing the 

words], 

speak ingenuously: tiUc'avil k'opoj [speak 

shooting sfraight], 

j'ak'-k'op [word-giver], 

ch'ambey k'op [receive one's words], 

sutejesel k'op [word return], 

vayajom k'op [word sorcerer], 

jotz'-k'optayvanej [dragging up and speaking against], 

t'abeb k'op [original word], 

infroduction of a bcx)k or speech: likeb k'op 

[beginning words], 

infroduction of a speech: kajeb k'op [beginning words], 

judgment or resolution that has been made: 

ch'akben k'op [divided or judged word], 

jk'op [he of words], jk'opojel [he of words], 

jk'oponvanej [speaker], 

'olaneb k'op [ending words], 

(between aUies): chiUcob k'op [binding word], 

laanejeb k'op [peaceful words], 

legal case: choltajesbil k'op [Uned-up words], 

papal legation: jk'ubul k'op santo padre [he 

entmsted with tiie word of the holy 

fatiier], 

cha'-lom k'opojel [two time laUc], chibal 

k'op [two words], chibal k'opojel [two 

speech], pak'-k'op [slap words], 

big lie: me' pak'-k'op [mother of slapped 

word], muk' pak'tayej k'op [big slapping 

word], 

j'al-k'op ta tz'el jch'akel [word-sayer beside 

the judge or divider], 

become a lord: k'opoj [speak], 

black magic: 'ak'abal k'op [night words], 

pukuj k'op [devil words], vayajelal k'op 

[witehcraft words], 

malicious person: jcha' lom k'op [he of two 

time talk], jchibal-k'op [he of two words]. 
570 

mediation 

mediator 

meeting 

middleman 

moderate 

modesty 

motive 

multiplier 

narrator 

negotiate 

negotiation 

news 

novelty 

obedient 

offender 

office 

opposite 

parable 

pafron 

persist 

persuader 

pity 

politeness 

praise 

pray 

nopel k'op [thinking of words], pasel k'op 

[doing words], 

j'ak' 'utzil k'op [giver of good words], jk'op 

[he of words], jlaanesej-k'op [he of 

calming words], jsikubtasej-k'op [word 

cooler], 

•chanul k'op [abundant words], ch'akob 

k'op [division or judgment of words], 

meeting place: pasob k'op [word-maker], 

jpas-k'op [he who does words], 

be moderate: k'op 'olonton tiUc pas [do only 

the word of one's heart], 

tojol k'op [sfraight words]. 

ba k'op [ffrst word], likeb k'op [beginning 

of words], t'abeb k'op [original words], 

jp'olesej-k'op [word-multipUer]. 

narrator who reports what he has seen or 

heard: jmel-k'op [he who lines up words], 

jmeltzanej-k'op [word-settier]. 

k'oplajes [talk noisily], 

end of negotiation: lajeb k'op [end of words], 

interfere so as to obstmct a negotiation: 

xoj-k'optay [interweave words], 

'ach' k'op [new words], 

'ach' k'op [new word], 

be obedient: 'a'i k'op [hear words], 

jpas-k'op [word-maker], 

enfrust office to: 'albey patan [speak about 

office to], 

say the opposite of: tup' k'op [extinguish 

one's word], 

joy-k'op [roundabout taUc]. 

jk'op [he of words]. 

bakal-k'opoj [speak witii corncobs], tzatzalk'opoj [speak Sfrongly], jel-k'opoj [pass 

by speaking], yijU-k'opoj [speak sfrongly]. 

persist unreasonably: k'opk'on [talk noisely], 

ma' ba tzatzal k'opoj [speak sfrongly and 

calamitously], ma' ba yijil k'opoj [speak 

Sfrongly and calamitously], 

jt'abesej-k'op [he of persuasive words], 

vokol 'al 'a'i [feel one says difficulty or 

pities]. 

take pity on: vokol 'al [say difficulty]. 

laanU k'op [calm words], tojol k'op [sti-aight 

words], 

'utzil-'alvan [say good of], 

k'an-k'opoj [speak witii a request], k'opon 

[speak], 

pray for: k'opoj 'u'un [speak for], k'oponvan 

[speak for], Hu' k'opojel 'u'un [have 

speech for], 

pray to God: 'aptay dios [shout to God], 'Uc' 

dios [call God], k'opon dios [speak to 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

God], 

pretend k'opuk 'oy [have words], naka tal k'opuk 

[just come with words], 

prologue jol k'op [head of the word], 

promise 'ak' k'op [give one's word], 'al [say], 'al ta 

ti' [say with one's mouth or lips], 

break one's promise or word: mu k'ot k'op 

[one's word does not arrive], 

carry out one's promise: pas te k'op [do 

one's word], 

prophet jti'iej-k'op [mouther of words], jtoj ti'iej 

k'op [mouther of sfraight words], 

(male or female): j'alal-k'op [word-sayer], 

proposal k'op [word], 

quarreler j'ipal-k'op [he of many words], 

quarrelsome quarrelsome person: jk'opk'onel [noisy talker], 

questioning questioning under torture: k'uxul k'op [painful words], 

reality batz'i k'op [real word], 

reasonable p'isol k'op [measifred word], 

reasonableness tojol k'op [sfraight word], 

reasoning enigmatic reasoning: lut'Uanbil k'op [basted 

words], 

make a muddle of reasoning: lut'lur-k*opoj 

[speak and jump about], 

recant valak pat k'opoj [speak backwards], valakpatij ti' [have one's lips or mouth go 

backwards], 

reclaim cha'-k'opoj [speak twice], cha'-likes k'op 

[reintroduce word], 

reply 'al ti' [have one's lips or moutii say], sutejes 

k'op [return one's words], 

report mel k'op [line up words], meltzan k'op 

[make or arrange words], meltzanel k'op 

[arrangement of words], ta'an k'op [lay 

down words], 

report news to: jam ta chikin [open one's 

ears], 

report that one has heard: chikin [ear], 

resemblance nop-k'op [thought up word], 

reserved be a reserved person: 'o'lol k'opoj [speak 

one half], 

resist resist as temptations: pajbey k'op [reject 

word], 

respond respond lo enigmatic questions or signs: 

lok'es k'op [take out words], 

respond to riddles or signs: nop k'op [think 

up words], 

response response to enigmatic questions or signs: 

tzatzal k'op [sfrong words], 

riddle nopbU k'op [thought up word], 

ridicule jolom-k'optay [speak against witii the skull], 

lob-k'optay [speak against maliciously], 

saying witty saying: 'utzU lo'lo k'op [gcxxl amusing 
NUMBER 31 571 

scold 

scorn 

scmtinizer 

secret 

secretary 

sensitive 

sentence 

sermon 

sunomac 

simplicity 

slander 

speak 

speaker 

speech 

sfraightforwardness 

stubborn 

student 

stupid 

stupidity 

words], 

tzatzal-tzitz [warn sfrongly], tzatzal-k'opon 

[speak sfrongly]. 

chakanol k'op [word of detestation], ti'ol 

k'op [word of hafred]. 

jjak'-k'op [word-asker]. 

muktal k'op [biuied word], mukul k'op 

[buried word], 

jchabi muktal k'op [guard of buried words 

or secrets], 

be sensitive: toj 'a'i [feel so much], 

lajesbey k'oplal [end tiie talk of], 

(legal): lajeb k'op [end of words], 

chanantasvanab k'op [instmctive words], 

theme of a sermon: lUceb k*op [beginning 

words], 

jchon k'op dios [seller of the word of God], 

mu cha'-lomal k*opiUc [not of two time 

words], 

puk-'a'yejlal [spreading of stories], puk-k'op 

[spreading of words], 

speak confusedly: sokol ti' k'opoj [speak 

with confused lips or mouth], 

speak deceitfuUy: chibal-k'opoj [speak twice], 

speak doubtfuUy: sa'al 'olonton k'opoj [speak 

with searching heart], 

speak elegantiy: tekpan-k'opoj [speak as a 

prince], 

speak elcxjuentiy: 'ajval-k'opoj [speak as a 

lord], 

speak figuratively: la na'-tza k'op k'opoj 

[speak with imagined words], 

speak fouUy or dishonestiy: tz'i'tz'i'-k'opoj 

[speak currishly], 

speak impatientiy or in a fit of temper: 'ip 

k'ak'al k'opoj [speak with much heat], 

speak with doubt: chib 'olonton k'opoj 

[speak with two hearts], 

speak wittily: muU lo'lo k'opoj [speak 

fragrantiy and amusingly], 

jk'op [he of words], jk'opojel [he of words], 

haughty speaken jtoy bail k'op [he of 

self-raising words], 

speaker of vain tilings: jma' ba k'op [he of 

vain words], 

be confused in one's speech: sa' k'op [search 

for words], 

tojol k'op [sfraight words], 

stubborn person: jma' ba k'op [he of vain 

words], 

jchan-k'op [learner of words], 

naka k'op [just words], 

pek'aU k'op [stupid or incompetent words]. 

subtie 

suspect 

swear 

taUc 

tattle 

temptation 

testify 

think 

fraitor 

franslated 

trick 

tmst 

until 

wheedler 

will 

word 

muk' k'op [big words], 

k'opoj 'olonton [have one's heart speak]. 

tij la 'alel bi dios [strike by saying or mention 

God's name], 

deceitful taUc: cha'-lom k'op [two time laUc], 

chibal k'op [double talk], 

enigmatic taUc: mochUanbil k'op [knotted 

word], 

harsh talk: k'ak'al k'op [hot word], 

jotz'-k'optay [cfrag out and speak against], 

joyjoy-k'optay [speak aroimd and against], 

lob-k'optay [speak against maliciously], 

•'aal k'op [sinful or tempting words], 

resist temptations: 'ilan k'op [deny words], 

testify falsely against person: nap'anbey k'op 

[stick words on], 

thiiUc well of: la 'ulzU k'op nop [think good 

words], 

•j'aal-k'op [he of tempting words], jcha' lom 

k'op [he of two time talk], jjotz'-k'op 

[word-dragger], 

ch'ambil [received], sutesbil [returned], 

jotz'-k'op [word-dragging], 

tmst a person: muk'ta-yebey k'op [display 

greatly or make provision of one's words], 

speak the tmtii: be k'opoj [speak tiie patii], 

jtas-k'op [he who drags out words], 

k'op 'olonton [word of one's heart], 

carry out one's word: na' k'op [remember 

one's word], 

enigmatic words: lut'Uanbil k'op [basted 

words], 

person who speaks empty words: cha'-ti'U 

vinUc [he of two moutiis or lips]. 

15, Loan words 

15,A. 

15.A.1 

acolyte 

altar 

angel 

anoint 

apostate 

baptism 

belfry 

beUef 

beU 

Spanish 

. ReUgion 

jtak'beyej-misa. 

altar. 

altar forehangings: tzatzajel altar, frontal. 

angel. 

angel's salute of tiie Vfrgin Mary: k'oponabU 

Santa Maria 'u'un Angel. 

ju' aceite, ju'bey aceite ta bek'tal. 

jpajel ta ch'uunel dios. 

bautismo. 

na campana. 

belief in God: ch'uunel dios. 

campana. 

bishop 

ring a bell: sobtUcsobtUc tij campana, ta tijel 

tijulan campana, tij campana. 

obispo. 
572 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

blaspheme 

blasphemer 

candlestick 

censer 

chofr 

Christmas 

church 

ciborium 

cortfession 

conffrmation 

cross 

crucify 

curse 

divinity 

Easier 

episcopal 

faith 

fast 

forsake 

friar 

God 

god 

godmother 

grace 

graduate 

greeting 

holy 

host 

incense 

indiUgence 

kin 

deputy bishop: jlok'tay-obispo. 

'ut dios, 'ut santo. 

j'ut-dios, jkola'al 'al dios. 

kajleb candela. 

'av 'incienso, 'av castUlan pom, jomal 'av 

castiUan pom. 

coro. 

k'in navidad, k'in pascua, navidad. pascua, 

vinkilayel pascua. 

iglesia, na dios. 

na lomajebal sacramento. nak'obU sacramento. 

confesion. 

take confession: pas confesion. 

conffrmacion. 

cmz. 

arm of the cross: manga de cruz. 

baj ta cmz. 

'ut dios. 'ut santo. 

diosU. 

kuxel pascua, muk' pascua. pascua. 

'u'un obispo, lekoj obispo. 

one of the articles of the faith: ch'uunel dios. 

ayuno, pas ayuno. 

compulsory Lenten fast tzajal ch'abajel ta 

cuaresmatik. 

forsake God: 'Uctay dios, paj la ch'uunel dios, 

ti'oltay dios. 

dominico, padre. 

dios. 

follow God's commands or persevere in that 

effort: batz'itay chabiel k'op dios, batz'itay 

pasel k'op dios. 

remember God frequentiy: tamtamuk dios ta 

'olonton. 

false god: patol dios. 

baptismal godmother: me' la 'a'al dios, me'il 

ta bautismo. 

endowed with grace: 'ep gracia. 

(priest): Uk 'u'un sacerdoteal. 

graduate from priestiy order: 'ich' padreil. 

angel's greeting: tzamesvanej Angel. 

greeting of the Vfrgin by the angel: tzamesel 

jalal xeptik 'u'un Angel. 

holy orders: sacerdoteU. 

take holy orders: 'och ta padre, 'och la 

sacerdote, pas ba ta padre. 

sacramento. 

castiUan pom, incienso. 

concession of plenary indulgence: jubUeo. 

ritual kin of baptism: chi'U la 'a'al dios. 

ritual kin of baptism or conffrmation: chi'il 

ta na dios. 

ritual kin of conffrmation: chi'U ta conffrmalearn 

legate 

legation 

Lent 

litany 

lover 

martyrdom 

Mass 

matins 

missal 

mifre 

monastery 

monk 

novice 

ordain 

ordained 

pagan 

paradise 

paschal 

paten 

penance 

pope 

pray 

prelate 

priest 

procession 

prophet 

purgatory 

reUc 

reUquary 

renounce 

respect 

revelation 

revere 

sacraments 

sacrilege 

cion. 

learn tiie doctiine: chan k'op dios. 

papal legate: 'abat papa, k'exol sancto padre, 

lok'ob-bail sancto padre, lok'ol papa, 

papal legation: jk'ubul k'op santo padre, 

cuaresma. 

'aptayabU kotol sanctoetUc, letania. 

lover of Gcxi: jjalal 'U dios, 

'ilel vokol 'u'un dios, tzamesel 'u'un dios 

cham, yaijesel •u'un dios, 

misa, 

celebrate Mass: pas misa, 

charge fee for the Mass: 'ak' pakobU misa, 

pas altar, 

maitines, 

misal, Hun misa, 

tzatzajel jol obispo, mifra, 

monasterio, na padre, 

padre, 

'ach' padre, 

pas ta padre, pas ta sacerdote, 

be ordained: 'ich' padreU, 'ich' sacerdoteil, 

pas ba la padre, pas la padre, pasey ta 

padre. 

Ha' te mo batz'i diosuk chu'unane, 

paraiso. 

pascuaU, ta pascuatik 'ayan, ta pascuatik 

lok'. 

patena. 

penitencia. 

papa, sancto padre, santo padre, 

pray to God: 'aptay dios, 'Uc' dios, k'opon 

dios. 

'ojov padre, 'ojov ta padreU, ba padre, 

jchabiomal-padre. 

padre, sacerdote. 

procesion. 

profeta. 

false prophet: jpak'tayej-profeta. 

purgatorio. 

relic of saint: komenal santo. 

nak'obil ch'uul komenal santo. 

renounce one's religion: 'Uctay ch'uunel 

dios, 'Uctay dios. 

respect God: tzames dios. 

divine revelation: jamvanej dios, tamvanej 

dios. 

have a revelation: na' ta jambeyel ta 'olonton 

'u'un dios, na' ta tambeyel ta 'olonton 

'u'un dios, tambeat 'u'un dios. 

known by revelation: jambeat •u'un dios. 

revere God: tzames dios. 

sacramento. 

commit a sacrilege: nak bel na dios. 
NUMBER 31 573 

commit a sacrilege (by stealing from the 

church): •elk'an bel na dios. 

sacrilegious be sacrilegious: mo ch'uun lum dios, mo 

ch'uun na dios. 

sacristy tzatzajeb padre, chabiabU bel na dios, nak'obil 

bel na dios, sachristia. 

saint sancto, santo. 

simoniac jchon k'op dios. jchon patan dios. 

simony chonel patan dios. chonel sacramento, manel 

patan dios, simonia. 

study study of the doctrine: chanel k'op dios. 

swear 'al bi dios, tij ta 'alel bi dios. 

swear to God: Hap ti'il. 

swear while making sign of the cross: p'is 

cmz. 

tomb tumba. 

tmst tiiist in God: jok'an ba ta tojol dios, k'uban 

ba la tojol dios, mak ba ta tojol dios. 

frusting tmsting in Gcxi: jok'ol ta tojol dios. 

unfaithfulness mo ch'uuneluk dios. 

vicar vicar general: provisor. 

waU church waU: ch'ub na dios. 

water holy water: 'a'al dios. 

15.A.2. Political, judicial, commercial, literary 

alcalde 

banner 

Chamula 

Chenalho 

dot 

France 

free 

gaUows 

glue 

grammar 

harsh 

inscription 

judge 

king 

Latin 

letter 

litigant 

litigate 

oatii 

alcalde. 

deputy alcalde: jch'am-alcalde. jlok'tayalcalde. 

bandera. 

San Juan. 

San Pedro. 

(over a letter): punto. 

Francia. 

free person from his oatii: ch'aybey k'op 

juramento. 

picota. 

castiUan chak. 

chanob latin k'op. 

harsh judge: tzatzal juez. 

lefratUc. 

juez. 

rey. 

latin, 

(of the alphabeO: lefra, 

j'al-k'op ta tz'el juez. 

'ak' k'op ta tz'el juez. Hu' k'op 'u'un ta 

tz'elel juez. 

juramento. 

make person swear an oath: 'ak' pas 

juramento. 

make person swear an oath as creditor does 

to debtor who refuses to pay: naka no 'ox 

'ich' jiframentu. 

castillan chak. 

patriarca. 

picota. 

respect tiie king: tzames rey. 

revere the king: tzames rey. 

tz'ibay ffrma, pas firma. 

ffrma. 

ta CastiUa na. 

Spanish language: castiUan k'op. 

franslate into Spanish: sutejes ta castillan 

k'op, sutes ta castiUan k'op. 

sello. 

tienda. 

jchabi-tienda. 

smdy of Spanish: chanob castiUan k'op. 

pas juramento. 

swear in vain: bet' juramento. 

testify va'an ba ta testigo. 

tUde tUde. 

viceroy k'exol rey, lok'ob-ba rey, virrey. 

will tz'akubtasel testamento, testamento. 

make a wiU: pas testamento. 

witness testigo. 

testify as a wimess: pas ba ta testigo. 

witness' testimony: k'op testigo. 

15.A.3. Day, month, season, measures, currency 

paste 

patriarch 

piUory 

respect 

revere 

sign 

signature 

Spaniard 

Spanish 

stamp 

store 

storekeeper 

study 

swear 

com 

flour 

Friday 

half 

March 

money 

money-maker 

October 

peso 

pound 

ream 

Saturday 

September 

stiver 

Sunday 

Tuesday 

two 

tomm. 

copper coin (quarter): 'ek'el tomin. 

gold coin: k'anal tak'in tomin. 

stiver coin: batz'i tomin. 

wheal floun castillan ch'iUm. 

cha'ej xa 'oy domingo. viernes. 

medio. 

hatf a pound: 'o'lol libra. 

'u marzo, marzo. 

referring to March: marzoil. 

forge money: p'is ta tomin. 

jpas-tomin, jten-tomin. 

'u octubre, octubre. 

peso. 

libra. 

half a pound: jechel libra, medio libra. 

resma. 

'ok'ob xa 'oy domingo. sabado. 

setiembre. 

plata. 

mark (silver weight of eight ounces): marco 

de plata. 

domingo. 

referring to Sunday: domingoil. 

chabjey 'oy 'ech' domingo, martes. 

two and a half pounds: 'o'lol 'oxib Ubra. 
574 SMrTHSONL\N CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

week 

weight 

yard 

15.A.4. 

cloak 

coat 

doublet 

hat 

headdress 

hood 

linen 

needle 

rag 

mby 

scissors 

shirt 

sUk 

sUkworm 

suing 

velvet 

15.A.5. 

bench 

bottie 

bowl 

candle 

candlestick 

chafr 

chest 

clock 

cup 

dish 

dishcloth 

jug 

lamp 

lantern 

padlock 

phial 

platter 

razor 

semana, Huk-k'in jun domingo. 

one hundred weight: chanib arroba, quintal. 

weight for scales: p'isobil peso, tak'in peso. 

weight of twenty-five pounds: artoba. 

vara. 

Cloth, clothing, jewefry 

capa. 

large wide coat without buttons: sayo. 

jubon. 

doublet maker: jtz'is-jubon, jpas-jubon. 

sombrero. 

woman's headdress: toca. 

put on one's hood: 'ak' pano, pas pano. 

woman's hood: toca. 

castiUan nok', castiUan pok'. 

aguja. 

thread a needle: lap no ta aguja. 

rag dealer: jchon-pano. 

mbi. 

tijeras. 

camisa. 

neck of shirt: nuk' camisa. 

ch'ulul seda, seda, sfrgo. 

black siUc: 'Uc'al seda. 

silk twist ch'ajnuybil seda. 

'om seda. 

string of beads: j-choj cuentas, j-jU cuentas. 

terciopelo. 

Fiu-niiure and household utensUs 

banco. 

vinegar bottle: 'av vinagre. 

escudiUa. 

candela. 

candelero, kajanab candela, kajleb candela. 

kuxanab candela, kuxanabU candela. 

sUla, 

caja. 

reloj. 

taza. 

glazed cup: ch'ultU taza. 

plato. 

suk'ob plato, suk'obU escudilla, suk'obil 

plato. 

wine jug: lupobil vino. 

lampara. 

'av candela, na candela. 

(for chest): makobil caja. 

redoma. 

platel. 

navaja. 

snuff 

table 

tablecloth 

taper 

trim 

wick 

15.A.6. 

baU 

bowl 

dagger 

fence 

joust 

lute 

monochord 

sackbut 

till 

top 

tmmpet 

tmmpeter 

15.A.7. 

crossbow 

gaUey 

ship 

sword 

15.A.8. 

angle 

ax 

bridge 

crossbar 

dcxjr 

file 

grate 

hammer 

hatehet 

latiie 

level 

leveled 

naU 

peg 

candle snuff: 'ak'lel candela. 

mesa. 

dinner table: ve'ebal mesa. 

but'iabil mesa, manteles. 

large taper with four wicks: tz'otbil candela, 

muk'ta candela. 

trim a wick: lok'esbey 'ak'lel candela. 

candle wick: naul candela. 

Musical instmments, games, and toys 

bowling baU: bola. 

ten bola. 

punal. 

esgrimfr. 

xen ba ta pat caballo ta tajimol, xen-bail ta 

pat caballo. 

castiUan vob. 

monocordio. 

(medieval frombone): sacabuche. 

ten ba ta pat caballo. 

thrown in a tUt: tenbil ta pat caballo. 

playing top: frompa. 

whip top: frompo. 

frompeta. 

blow a tmmpet: 'ok'es frompeta. 

end of a tmmpet: ti' frompeta. 

jpas-frompeta, jHupanej-frompeta. 

Weapons and ships 

vallesta. 

yabutinab castiUan jom. 

castiUan jom. 

espada. 

Constmction, architecture 

right angle: escuadra. 

hacha. 

two-bladed ax: cha'-jech 'e hacha. 

brick or stone bridge: castUlan k'o. 

makobil puerta. 

puerta. 

lima. 

(term now used): reja, verja. 

maj ta martillo, martillo, tij ta martillo. 

iron hatchet castiUan 'ek'el. 

torno. 

shaped on a lathe: joch'bU ta torno. 

turn on a latiie: joch' te' ta torno. 

ch'ak nivel 'u'un, nivel. 

be leveled: '(x;h nivel 'u'un. 

clavo. 

wooden peg: clavos te'. 
NUMBER 31 575 

pliers 

ruler 

tasob clavos, tasobil clavos. 

regla. 

15.A.9. Animals, animal husbandry, animal products 

bacon 

bag 

beef 

beU 

brand 

bridle 

bridled 

bull 

cartwheel 

cat 

cattie 

cheese 

chicken 

coll 

comb 

cow 

cowherd 

donkey 

driver 

drove 

duck 

elephant 

fertiUze 

fetters 

fiUy 

flock 

goose 

heifer 

hoof 

horse 

horseback 

horsehafr 

ivory 

jaguar 

tocino. 

bacon fat 'it'it'ul t(x:ino, lam t(x:ino. 

blacksmitii's t(X)lbag: josobU 'ich'akcabaUo. 

beef fat: k'an-'ixmal vacas, manteca vacas. 

cattie bell: natU campana, natnat campana. 

chUc'ob cabaUo. 

'ak' freno, 'ak'bey freno, 'otes freno. 

'ak'ebU freno. 

be bridled: 'och freno. 

xinch'okil vakax. 

ferocious buU: k'ak'al vacas. 

young buU: kelem vacas. 

young buU or ox: 'ach' vacas. 

setet te' carreta. 

gato, misto. 

vacas. 

herd of cattie: j-tek tzobbilej vacas. 

queso. 

fresh cheese: yaxal queso. 

castiUan tuluk'. 

'ol cabaUo, ch'iom caballo. 

curry comb: almohasa. 

vacas. 

cow barn: na vacas. 

ferocious cow: k'ak'al vacas. 

jchabi-vacas. 

asna. 

young donkey: 'ol asna. 

oxcart driver: jchabi-vacas, jva'anej-vacas, 

jva'antasej-vacas chi'uk setel te'. 

'ikatzinom cabaUo, 'Ucatznom cabaUo. 

castiUan 'umum, patox. 

elefante chij, 

'ak' tzo' cabaUo, 'cx;h 'u'un tzo' cabaUo. 

(horse, mule): chukobU cabaUo. 

tzeb cabaUo. 

fl(x:k of horses: 'epal cabaUo. 

castiUan 'umum, castiUan vinUc pato. 

'ol vacas, bUc'tal vacas. 

hoof parer: lak'in jotz'obU voy caballo. 

cabaUo. 

angry horse (tiiat bares its teeth): k'ak'al 

caballo. 

small horse: bik'tal caballo. 

sfrong horse: yijil caballo. 

ride horseback: ta pat caballo xanav, 

tzotzilal caballo, 

'e elefante chij, 

onza. 

lard 

mare 

milk 

mule 

muleteer 

nightingale 

ox 

penis 

plowed 

pony 

rasher 

reins 

restiess 

saddle 

saddled 

saddlemaker 

sausage 

sheep 

sUce 

spur 

stable 

StaUion 

stirmp 

lame 

frappings 

yoke 

manteca. 

'anizU caballo. 

leche. 

mula. 

jchabi 'ikatzinom caballo, jchabi xanvU 

cabaUo. 

miseflor. 

young ox: kelem vacas. 

bull penis: 'at xinch'ok vacas. 

extent of ground plowed by one yoke of 

oxen in a day: chabajeb j-choj vacas la jun 

k'ak'al. 

kelem caballo. 

rasher of bacon: j-jov tocino. 

'ak'il freno. nukul freno, rienda. 

restiess horse: jbak'el-cabaUo. 

'ak' silla, 'otesbey siUa, naklebal ta pat 

cabaUo, sUla. 

(witii packsaddle): 'ak' xalma, 'och 'u'un 

xahna. 

packsaddle: enjalma, xalma. 

'ak'ebU sUla. 

be saddled: 'oy siUa. 

jpas siUa caballo. 

longaniza. 

carneros. 

sUce of bacon: j-jis tocino, j-jov tocino, j-p'as 

tocino. 

espuela, julobil caballo. 

lo'bajeb cabaUo, na caballo, vayeb caballo. 

mulav caballo, nich'naj caballo. 

breeding staUion: mulav caballo, nich'naj 

caballo. 

horse that lakes mares: japivan cabaUo. 

estribo. 

tame a horse: ch'anantas caballo. 

horse trappings: tzatzajel caballo, k'u' caballo. 

two yokes of oxen: cha'-choj vacas. 

15.A. 10. Plants, food and drink derived from plants 

apple castiUan potov. 

apple orchard: castillan potovtUc. 

bean broad bean: castillan chenek'. 

broad bean field: chabal castillan chenek'. 

bran sol castillan 'ixim. 

bread barley bread: cebada vaj. 

wheal bread: castUlan vaj. 

cabbage coles. 

cabbage slock: te'el coles. 

head: baloj ba coles, 

dough wheat dough: tzeel castillan vaj. 

dregs tzo' vino, lajeb vino, pajbenal vino, 

fig higos. 
576 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

candied fig: matz'ubtasbil higo, panbil higo, 

poxtaybU higo, takijesbil higo. 

garUc ajos. 

jasmine jazmin. 

leaf cabbage leaf: 'anal coles. 

lettuce leaf: 'anal lechuga. 

leek castiUan tuix, puerro. 

lenlU castiUan chenek', castillan pech'pech'. 

lettuce lechuga. 

lettuce leaf (counting): j-lUc 'anal lechuga. 

young lettuce: 'alab lechuga, bUc'tal lechuga. 

lUy pech'e-'ok castiUan nichim. 

linseed bek' lino, sat Uno. 

melon castiUan ch'um. 

melon patch: castiUan ch'umtik, chabal 

castillan ch'um. 

mUl mUl wheel: rcxiezno. 

mint castiUan tuil nichim. 

mulberry castillan makum. 

mustard mostaza. 

mustard sauce: juch'bil mostaza. 

oil aceite. 

olive aceituna. 

olive free: te'el aceite. 

orange naranjas. 

orange peel or rind: pat naranja. 

orange free: naranjo. te'el naranjas. 

parsley perejU. 

parsley sauce: juch'bil perejil. 

peach durasnos. 

peach preserve: pamal durasnos. 

pear peras. 

pear free: peras, te'el peras. 

pepper castiUan 'ich, especies. 

pinon castiUan toj. 

pinon nut: lo'balal castillan toj. 

pomegranate castiUan makum, granada. 

pomegranate free: granado. 

quince membrillo. 

quince preserve: pamal membriUos. 

quince free: te'el membriUo. 

quinces baked under the ashes: miUc-larubU 

membrillo. 

rhubarb mibarbo. 

rose nich rosa, rosa. 

rose honey: pamal rosa. 

rosemary romero. 

me mda. 

spice castiUan 'ich. 

spongy spongy quince: pok'ol membrillo. 

sfring (garlic): j-jil ajos. 

taffy melcocha. 

laffy-seUer melcochero. 

turnip nabo. 

vinegar 

walnut 

wheat 

wine 

long turnip: juljul nabo. 

round turnip: volvol nabo. 

pajal vino, vinagre. 

nuez. 

sauce made of pounded walnuts and spice: 

juch'bU nueces, p'uyum nueces. 

castiUan 'ixim. 

wheat chaff: baklel castillan 'ixim, 

wheat chaff (smaU): jojoch* castiUan 'bcim. 

wheat tassel: vajton castillan 'ixim. 

vino, 

pure wine: tzeel vino. 

15.A.11. Agricultural tools 

ax 

press 

sickle 

sieve 

spoke 

yoke 

hacha. 

two-bladed ax: cha'-jech 'e hacha. 

olive oil press: juch*obU aceituna. 

hoz. 

wheat sieve: chichinabil castUlan 'ixim. 

rayo. 

chukob vacas, chukobU vacas. 

(for oxen): yugo. 

15.B. Nahuati 

adobe xamiti. 

breach ch*ojoUl tenam ton. 

brick 'otes chik*bil xamiti, bik*tal ch'ubU xamiti, 

tzajal xamiti. 

brick maker: jpat-xamiti. 

brick works patobU chik*bil xamiti. putvanab chik'bil 

xamiti. 

floor brick flcx)r: lamanbil xamit la lumtik. melbil 

chUc'bU xamiti. 

lay a brick floon 'ak' chik'bU xamiti ta 

lumlUc, chol chik'bU xamiti. laman xamiti. 

generosity tekpanijel, tekpanU. 

generous tekpan. 

generous person: tekpan vinUc, tekpanil 

vinUc. 

gentieman tekpan vinik. 

gift tekpanil. 

mason (adobe-layer): jtz'al-xamiti. 

mold mold for tiles, bricks, etc.: patobU xamit 

nobUity tekpanil. 

palace royal palace: na tekpan. 

partition xamital •pok'omtik, 

roof tile roof: xamital jol na, 

speak speak elegantiy: tekpan-k'opoj, 

speak eloquentiy: tekpanil-k'opoj, 

speech elegant speech: tekpan k'op. 

stockade tenam te'. 

tUe piece of tile: vok'oUl xamiti. 
NUMBER 31 577 

lUe works 

town 

waU 

15.C. 

adversity 

anguished 

augury 

day 

daytime 

devil 

enrich 

enriched 

enrichment 

exhausted 

exhaustion 

matins 

midnight 

noon 

property 

rich 

soul 

torment 

frader 

wealtii 

15,D. 

apple 

r(X)f tile: chUc'bU jomal xamiti, jomal xamiti. 

tUe maker: jpat-xamiti. 

na xamiti, patob xamiti. 

waUed town: tenam-tonibU j 

adobe wall: xamital ch'ub. 

town waU: tenam ton. 

Yucatec 

kisin. 

be anguished by sickness or 

pixanU. 

by day: ta tumuchiUtUc, 

in the daytime: ta k'ak'altik. 

kisin. 

'ayUc'lejes, 'ayik'leltas. 

'ayik'lejesbil. 

'ayUc'lejel, 

be exhausted by: kisnan. 

kisin. 

tumuch 'ak'abal ch'uivej. 

tumuch 'ak'abal. 

tumuch k'ak'al. 

'ayUc'leUl. 

'ayUc'al, 'ayik'aletUc. 

grow rich: 'ayUc'lej. 

rich man: 'ayUc'al chabjom. 

pixanU. 

kisnajes. 

rich frader: 'ayik'al xanvil. 

'ayUc'leUl. 

Proto-Mixe-Zoque 

castiUan potov. 

-tek lum. 

loss: kisnaj. 

16. Emotion, values, concepts of human nature 

16.A. 

aid 

alms 

alms-giver 

benefactor 

benign 

benignity 

big-hearted 

big-heartedGoodness, virtue, charity 

aid the pcx)r or miserable: 

yain, 

come to the aid of: tal. 

give alms: 'abolaj, •abolan. 

tayvan. 

'aboltay, koltay. 

'aboltay, 'abolgive alms to: 'ak'bey 'aboltayel. 

j'abolajel, j'abollayvanej. 

j'utzU-pasvanej. 

be benign: k'uxubin. 

benign person: jk'uxubinvanej. 

k'uxubinvanej. 

muk' 'olonton. 

big-hearted person: jmuk'ulmuk'ta 'olonton. 

'olonton. 

charitable 

charily 

chaste 

chastity 

clemency 

comfort 

compassion 

conscience 

consolation 

console 

consoler 

converted 

crying 

deed 

distinguished 

downbeaten 

ease 

evU 

example 

exemplar 

fafr 

faitiiful 

faitiifuUy 

faithfulness 

family 

favor 

favorably 

fine 

fitting 

frank 

frankness 

generosity 

generous 

ness 

change change one's ways: k'ex, k'ex ba. 

charitable person: j'abollayvanej. 

do charily: 'aboltay. 

be chaste: 'utz chabi bek*tal, 

chaste woman: pokbU xanav 'antz, t*ujum 

xanav 'antz, 

pokbil xanbal, t'ujum xanbal, 

'aboltayvanej, k'uxubinvanej, laanejel, 

patbey 'olonton, 

k'uxubinvanej, 

act in good conscience: jok'an ta ch'ulel. 

'et'esab 'osU, ch'ubayel 'olonton, laanejesabU, patel 'olonton. 

consolation in one's grief: laanejesabU 

me'anajel. 

ch'ubay, ch'ubay 'olontonU, pal 'olontonil, 

patbey 'olonton. 

jch'ubayej-'olontonil, jpat-'olontonil. 

be converted (from sinful ways): Hul 'olonton. 

be worth crying over: tojol 'aboltay, tojol 'oy 

'ok'etayuk, tojol vokoltas. 

pasnej. 

(as when we say, 'a good deed'): pasojel, 

jelel, p'Uil ba, 

raise the downbeaten: toyes, 

sabubes, sabubtas, yamajes, 

obstmct evil: tojobtas, 

person who sets an example: jchanvanej, 

jk'eluyan. 

set an example: 'ak' ba ta k'el vinik. 

jtz'ak-patian, jtz'ak-palivanej. 

fafr person: toj jmeltzajesvanej, toj jtojobesvanej. 

faithful person: 'utzil vintic, jch'uunvanej, 

tojol vinik. 

'utz. 

act faithfuUy: 'utz pas. 

'utzil, batz'U. 

have a good famUy: 'utz ta nail, 'utz te vinUc 

chi'il ta naklej, 'utz te vinik chi'uk ta 

naklej, 'utz te vinik junjun na chi'uk. 

'aboltay. 'aboltayel. 

be favorably disposed to: ta tojol bal 

'olonton. 

batz'i, batz'i 'utz. 

be fine: 'utz 'oy. 

lek 'oy, nup 'oy. 

frank person: 'utzil vinik, j'abollayvanej, 

tojol vinUc. 

'atil. 

tekpanijel. tekpanU. 

mo k'usi jol 'u'un, tekpan. 

be generous: mo k'usi jalan. 

generous person: 'atil vinik, tekpan vinik. 
578 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

gentieman 

gladden 

good 

goodness 

grace 

grateful 

gratitude 

holy 

honorable 

ingenuous 

innocent 

just 

justifiable 

justly 

kindness 

lady 

legitimate 

leniency 

liberal 

life 

magnanimity 

magnanimous 

merciful 

tekpanil viruk. 

tekpan vinik. 

'utzibes, 'utzibtas, muibes, t'ujumajes. 

'utz, patel 'olonton, patob 'utz. 

be especially good: toj 'utz tuk, toyol tuk ta 

'utzU. 

be on good terms with: laal 'U ba, laal 'il ba 

chi'uk, laal 'utzU k'opoj, laal k'opon ba. 

become good: 'utzib, 'utzin. 

do good: 'aboltay, 'aboltayvan. 'utz pas. 

'utzil-pas, vokoltasvan. 

do good or mercifiU acts: vokoltas. 

especially good: jelel tiUc, toj 'utz. 

good deed: 'utzU pasvanej. 

live a good Ufe: ch'uun ba. 

make good: 'utzibes, 'utzibtas. 

moderately good: 'ulz"utz' nopbU, tzakbU 

ta 'utz'U. 

not very good: yalul 'utz'. 

'utzil, 'utzilal. 

'utzibel, 'utzil. 

endowed with grace: 'ep 'utzil, 'ep gracia. 

be grateful: na' 'aboltayel, vokoltasel 'a'i. 

be grateful lo: na'el 'u'un. 

na'el 'aboltayvanej. 

holy person: 'utz'utz vinUc. 

be honorable: tojol 'oy. 

tojol. 

mo 'oyuk kola'al, mo 'oyuk mul, mo k'usi 

kola'al. 

be innocent: 'utz 'olonton. 

innocent person: j'utzU-'olonton, tzeel vinik. 

'utz, toj jmeltzajesvanej. 

just person: toj jtojobesvanej. 

'oy belel. 

'oy be, tojol 'oy. 

'aboltayvanej. 

honest lady: xep. 

batz'i lekoj, toj lekoj. 

'abolajel, 'aboltayvanej. 

mo k'usi jol 'u'un. 

liberal person: 'atU vinUc. j'abollayvanej. 

regiUate one's life: meltzajes xanbal, tojobtas 

pasnej. 

muk'ta 'olonton. 

muk' 'olonton. 

magnanimous person: jtzatzal-'olonton. 

jmuk'ul-'olonton. 

be merciful: 'abolaj, k'uxubin, laanej. 

do merciful acts: 'aboltay, 'aboltayvan, 

vokoltasvan. 

merciful person: j'abollayvanej, jk'uxubinvanej, jvokoltasvanej. 

order of merciful acts tiiat tiie Audience 

mercy 

merit 

noble 

opportunity 

pardon 

pity 

please 

pleased 

pleasing 

pleasurable 

pleasure 

poor 

proper 

protect 

protege 

provide 

provider 

pifre 

pifrely 

purity 

recommend 

reform 

reformed 

rescue 

rescuer 

resist 

right 

performs: lok'eb 'aboltayeb Hun. 

'abolajel, 'aboltayel. 'aboltayvanej. vokol, 

have mercy: k'uxubinvan, 

mercy one receives: k'uxubinel, vokoltasel. 

tojel, tojolil. 

noble person: 'utzU vinUc. 

provide the opportunity: kajes, lUces, t'abes. 

ch'aybey, ch'aybey kola'al, ch'aybey mul, 

ch'ayel. lajes. 

chamolaj, chamolan, tup'olaj. tup'olan, vokol, 

vokol 'al 'a'i. 

be moved to pity: 'unenay, k'unij. 

pity one feels: k'uxubinvanej. 

pity one receives: k'uxubinel, yail, yainel. 

take pity on: 'abolaj. 'aboltay. k'uxubin, 

vokol 'al, vokol 'albey, vokoltas, ya 'a'i, 

yain. 

'ak' muibuk, 'utz 'a'i 'u'un, 'utzibtas, 

k'uxubes, k'uxubesbey 'olonton, k'uxubtas, 

lok'esbey 'olonton, mu 'osil chi 'u'un, 

muibes, muibtas, muibtasbey 'olonton, 

t'ujum chi 'u'un. 

be pleased: 'utz 'a'i. 'utz 'il, 'utzib, mu 'osU 

'a'i. nop 'a'i. 

be pleased by: 'utz chi 'u'un, 

mu, 

toj 'utz, 

'utzibel. 'utzil, muibel, muU. 

aid the poor in their needs: yain. 

lift up the poor or downcast: p'Ues. 

raise the poor: toyes. 

lek 'oy, nup 'oy. 

be proper: tojol 'oy. 

koles. 

be the protege of a lord: jalaltasbil, jalaltaybU. 

'elmajes, vinajes. 

provide clothes, food and lodging: mak'lin. 

provide for: tz'akubtas. 

provide for person in want: makbey me'anal. 

j'ayanajesvanej, j'elmajesvanej. 

batz'i, tzeel, kuxul, toj t'ujum. 

batz'i t'abel, batz'i t'abeluk, kuxluk, kuxul. 

batz'U, kuxlej, la 'olonton. 

k'oponbey. 

sutejes xanbal, sutel 'olontonil, ta tojol 'u'un, 

tojob, tojobes, tojobtas. 

sutesbil xanbal, tojobtasbil. 

be reformed: tojob. 

koles, koltay. 

rescue of oneself: kolesel. 

jkolesvanej, jkoltayvanej. 

resist as temptations: pajbey k'op. 

'ibel. melel, meleluk. tojol, tojoluk. 
NUMBER 31 579 

save 

solace 

solemn 

solemnity 

solicitous 

solicitude 

suffer 

suitable 

sympathize 

taUc 

temptation 

tiiank 

thankful 

thoughtful 

virtue 

virtuous 

virtuously 

virtuousness 

worthUy 

worthy 

be right: tojol 'oy. 

koles. 

lo'U, lo'Uajel, maxil, maxilajel. 

toj labajel. 

be solemn: labaney. 

labanel. 

be solicitous: 'ak' 'olonton, bak' 'olonton, 

makal 'a'i. 

solicitous person: •j'akan-'ol. jsabajel, 

mak'linel, 

(aUowing others to be saved as when tiie 

Inncx:ents died instead of the Christians): 

makiya. 

lek 'oy. 

consider if suitable: *ich* tza, 

chamolaj, chamolan, tup'olaj, tup'olan. 

holy or modest talk: 'ulzU k'op. 

resist temptations: 'ilan tzitzo'. 

na' 'aboltayel, na' 'aboltayvanej, na'bey 

'aboltayel 'u'un, na'bey 'aboltayvanej. 

be thankful: na' 'aboltayvanej. 

thoughtful person: jtzaijel. 

'utzil, 'utzil 'olonton, 'ulzU xanbal. 

virtuous person: j'utzibtasvanej, melel vinik, 

tojol vinUc. 

live virtuously: t'ujum-xanav. 

tojol 'olonton. 

'oy be, koj 'oy, tojol 'oy, 

jaka jol, jol, 

be worthy: 'ep tojol, 'ip jalal, tojol 'oy, 

worthy person: 'utzU vinUc, jalal vinik, tojol 

vinik. 

16.B. Happiness 

bliss 

content 

delight 

delighted 

divert 

ease 

eating 

gladden 

happiness 

happy 

'utzibel. 

'ak' ta'aluk 'a'i, 'ak' ta'aluk 'oy 'a'i, ta'al 

'oy 'a'i 'u'un. 

be content: ta'al 'oy 'a'i. 

'utzil, mu 'osil chi 'u'un, muibel, muil. 

bring delight to: muibes, muibtas. 

deUght in: muib, muib 'osil *a'i. 

take delight in: 'utzib, tzatzub, nichimaj, 

nichimaj 'osU 'a'i. 

be deUghted: mu 'osil 'a'i. 

'ak' maxUajuk, 'ak' muibuk, 'et'esbey 'osU, 

lo'Utay. maxiltay, 

divert oneself: 'ech' 'osil 'u'un, 'et'es 'osU, 

kol la lubel, lo'Uaj, maxilaj, 

muibel, sabubel, 

delight in eating: muib la tojol, 

'utzibes, 'utzibtas, muibes, t'ujumajes, 

ch'ulel, Ch'ulelU. 

be happy: 'il ch'ulel, 'oy ch'ulel. 

hear hear approvingly or with pleasure: talel ta 

'olonton 'a'i, 

joy 'utzibel, muibel, 

joyful toj mu, 

laugh tze'ej, tze'in. 

laugh softiy: ch'ivet 'e ta tze'ej, k'un-tze'in, 

level 'e ta tze'ej. 

laughter tze'inel. 

merrily 'utz, mu. 

merriment t'ujumajel. 

merry be merry: 'utzib, lo'Uaj, maxUaj, muib 'osil 

'a'i, nichimaj, tajim. 

make merry: bak'es, tajim. 

merrymaker 'atil vinUc, 'utzil vinUc, muil viruk, nichil 

vinUc. 

rejoice 'utzib, muib, muib 'osU 'a'i, t'ujumaj. 

relax 'ich' 'olonton, ch'an chi, yamaj. 

relaxed machachal. 

be relaxed: nakal 'olonton. 

respite enjoy a respite from sickness or work: 

k'un-yamaj 'a'i, laanlaan 'a'i, lamallamal 

'a'i. 

respite from sickness or work: k'un-yamarul. 

respite from tiie heat laanejesabU k'ak'al. 

satisfied be satisfied: ta'al 'oy 'a'i. 

satisfy 'ak' ta'aluk 'a'i, 'ak' la'aliUc 'oy 'a'i, ta'al 

'oy 'a'i 'u'un. 

saying witty saying: 'utzil lo'lo k'op, lot k'op, muU 

lo'lo k'op, na'al k'op. 

smiUng smiUng person: jtze'tzonel, jtze'ej, jtze'inel, 

sociable laal 'atil, laal 'utzU. 

scx:iable person: 'alU vinUc, 'utzU vinUc, 

speak speak wittily: 'ulzU lo'lo k'opoj, muil lo'lo 

k'opoj. 

spirited •kata. 

spirited person: biU-ba, biU-ba vinUc. 

spiritedly walk spiritedly: bUi-batik xanav, •katatik 

xanav. 

talk din of mirthful or quarrelsome talk: ch'ijetel. 

din of mirthful or quarrelsome laUc, discord: 

kuletel. 

make a din with mfrthful or quarrelsome talk: 

ch'ijet, k'ulet 

witty witty person: j'utzil lo'lo k'op. jlo'lo-k'op. 

jmuil lo'lo k'op. 

16.C. Intelligence, experience, pmdence, merit, luck, 

success, exceUence, diligence, eagerness, determination 

ability 

able 

awe-inspfring 

barter 

pasel, pasel ba. 

be able: Hu', Hu' 'u'un. 

be awe-inspiring: 'oy 'Uc'. 

barter weU: na' k'exel. 
580 

best 

bet 

better 

bustie 

busy 

can 

care 

careful 

cautious 

choose 

clever 

cleverness 

cognizance 

compete 

confident 

correct 

corrector 

deUberation 

deserve 

determine 

diUgence 

diligent 

discreet 

discretion 

distinguished 

doctor 

duty 

best in everything: 'anilal jelavel. ba, ba'yitajel. 

win bet 'ale, 'aleyvan. 

'utz 'ayan 'u'un. 

a littie better: juteb 'utz. 

be a littie better: juteb jelav. 

bustie about: kankonet. voch'vonet 

be too busy: mu Hu' 'a'i. 

be too busy (to do something because of 

disturbances): mo 'elmaj k'in. 

be very busy: 'ep patan. 

keep busy: 'abtejes, 'ak' patan, 

slate of being busy: patan, 

Hu'. Hu' 'u'un, 

muk'ta 'ich'el, 

be careful: 'ak' 'olonton. bak' 'olonton, 

muk'ta-'ich', 

tzaibil. p'ij, 

be cautious: 'ich' tza, jUc' abtel, julan xanav, 

be cautious (in expectation of the lashing one 

will receive): jUc'majel, 

cautious person: jtzainom, julan vinik, p'ijil 

vinUc. vUc'il sat vinik, 

choose the best t'uj, 

ch'ulum ti', p'ij, 

be clever: 'ak'bey tza, 'oy tza, 'oy tzaijel, 'oy 

p'ijil, 

become clever: tzaij, tz'ib 'olonton, ch'ulumti'ij. p'ijub, 

clever person: jtzainom, 

tza. tzaijel. ch'ulum-ti'U. p'ijU. 

tza. 

compete with: k'exvan, nak, 

jok'ol, 

confident person: jjok'anej ba, 

(person, writing): tojobes, tojobtas, 

(of unspecified subjecO: jtojobtasvanej, 

corrector of : jtojobtasej , 

ch'akel 'olonton, pasel 'olonton. 

lekoj 'oy, tojol 'oy. 

ch'akoj, 

baxbolal. 

baxbol, julan, kuxul, 

become diUgent: baxbolaj, kux 'olonton, 

diUgent person: •j'akan-'ol, baxbolal vinik, 

freat dUigentiy or pmdentiy: 'ak' ta 'olonton 

'u'un. 

be discreet: 'oy tzaitzaibil. 

discreet person: jtzainom, jtojol-tzainom. 

tzaijel. p'ijU. 

jelel, p'Uil ba. 

experienced dcx^tor: jk'otel-poxil. jna'vanejpoxU. 

jamob bail. 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

eat eat mcxlerately: ta'al 'oy ve'. 

eater mcxierate eater: jtojol-ve^el. 

effort make an effort: •ich' •ip. 

entertain entertain taking care to provide all that is 

needed: chu'un. 

exceUent (person): lek t'ujum. toj ch'ulul ba. 

be exceUent (person): toj •'ulubalal ba. 

exceUent person: saksak vinik, t'ujum vinUc. 

exemplar jtz'ak-patian, jtz'ak-pativanej. 

expedite expedite a matter: tzutzesbey k'oplal. 

expedite what has been impeded: tak. 

expert jnakvanej. 

exfraordinary jelel tuk, 

be exfraordinary: jelav tuk. 

famous 'a^ibil, 'ip 'Uc', biUtasbU, bunem, na'bU, 

be famous: 'ip 'a'iel, 'ip 'a'yejlal, 'ip 'aley, 

'ip na^el. 

become famous: 'ip na^ey, japjonet 'Uc', 

japluj 'Uc'. 

become famous or iUustrious: bain, 

ffrst ffrst in rank: ba ta 'ajvalel. 

fitting lek 'oy, nup 'oy. 

fix meltzajes, tojobes, tojobtas. 

be able to fix: meltzaj. 

foremost foremost in rank: ba'yitajel. 

fortunate be fortunate: 'utzib, 

fortune rise in fortune: toy jol, vik' sat 

game win game: 'ale, 'aleyvan, 

geruus na'vanej, 

glorification 'utzibtasel, 'utzibtasvanej, muibtasel, muibtasvanej. 

glorified 'utzibtasbU, muibtasbU. 

glorifier j'utzintasvanej, jmuibtasvanej. 

glorify 'utzibtas, tzatzubes, muibes, muibtas, 

muk'ubtas, nichimajes. toy. 

govern govern self: tza pas, k'op 'olonton tuk pas. 

honor ch'uun, ch'uunvan, k'exavel, k'exvan, xi', 

xi'el. xi'van. ta 'olonton. ta ti^, toy. toyes. 

honor that one has: ch'uunvanej. 

honored •ep ch'uunat. ch'uunbil, k'exbil, xi^bU. 

be honored: •ep xi^ey, 'utzib, tzatzub, muib, 

nichimaj, nichimaj 'osil 'a'i. 

feel honored: toyel 'a'i. 

feel honored (as when we say we feel 

honored to be visited): ch'uunel 'a'i. 

iUustrious 'ip 'ik'. 

become Ulustrious: japjonet 'Uc*, japluj 'Uc*. 

improve *utz 'ayan 'u'un. 

improved yamalyamal. 

improvement 'ik'ti'U, jelaveb ta 'utz, p'Uemal ta 'utzU, 

vokol, vokolil. 

indusfrious jna'vanej, toj 'utz tza. 
NUMBER 31 581 

industiiousness 

ingenious 

inteUigence 

inventor 

judicious 

just 

knowledge 

lively 

luck 

lucky 

magnificence 

magnificent 

meal 

moderate 

moderation 

modesty 

nimble 

nimble-handed 

nimbletongued 

opinion 

opportunity 

pensive 

perfect 

persevere 

persist 

persistence 

power 

powerful 

praise 

industtious person: jtzainom. 

•'akan-'olba, tza, tzaijel, mak'linej, na'vanej. 

•ip tza, p'ij. 

ingenious person: jtzainom, jtzaivanej. 

tza, tzaU. 

jtzaijel. 

•ip tza, tz'ib •olonton, p'ij •olonton. 

be judicious: 'utz 'olonton. 

judicious person: j'a^ivanej, jtzainom, 

jnakvanej. 

*utz, toj jmeltzajesvanej. 

just person: toj jtojobesvanej. 

'ojtakinvanej, na'el, na'vanej. 

knowledge of person: 'ojtakinel. 

•kata. 

lively person: biU-ba vinUc, •kata vinUc, 

•kataU vinik. 

gcxxl luck: nuptanel 'utz, 

have gocxi luck: nuptan 'utzil, nuptanbey 

'utzil. 

have great luck: *ep 'esomaj 'u'un, 

improve one*s luck: 'ik*ti'ij, 

lucky person: j'esel. 

be lucky: 'U ch'ulel, *oy ch'ulel, 'utz balam, 

'utz ch'ulel, lok', lok* •oy, nuptan 'utzU, 

nuptanbey 'utzil. 

muk*tikil, muk*ul, 

jelel •utz, toj 'utz, toj muk*, 

resfrain oneself at meals: tojoltojol ve', 

be mcxierate: tza pas, k*op 'olonton tuk pas, 

laanU, 

behave with mcxiesty and pmdence: pas ba, 

tojob, 

nimble person: baxbolal vinUc. 

sobtUcsobtUc k*ob. 

sobtUcsobtUc 'ok*. 

have a high opinion of oneself: jalal 'a'i ba, 

jalan ba, tuun 'a'i ba. 

take the opportunity: kaj tuk, lUc tuk. 

pensive person: ch'anabal vinik, 

t'ujum, 

batz'itay, 

bakal-k'opoj, tzatzal-k'opoj, jel-k'opoj, yijilk'opoj. 

tzatzal k'op, yijil k'op. 

lekoj, Hu'el. 

have power oven Hu' 'u'un, 

power over a person: bet'oj, 

be powerful: toj Hu' 'u'un, ves, Hu' 'u'un, 

powerful person: jvesej, jvesvanej, jHu'el, 

'utz •al, 'utz 'alvan, 'utzil 'alvanej, 'utzil-'al, 

'utzil-'alvan, pak. toy. 

praised 

praiseworthy 

privilege 

prize 

progress 

proper 

prophet 

propose 

prosperous 

provision 

pmdence 

pmdent 

rank 

ready 

reasonable 

reasonableness 

reflective 

reputation 

reserved 

resolve 

respect 

respected 

responsibility 

restitution 

praise dfrected towards person: 'ulzU 'alel. 

'utz 'albU, 

be praised: 'utz 'a'ibU. 'utzU 'albil, 

'utz. 

be praiseworthy: 'utz 'aley. 'utzil-'aley. 

takiej 'ojov. Hun 'ojov. 

person who has been granted a privilege: 

'aboltaybU vinUc. jchabiej 'aboltayabil 

Hun. takibil vinik. 

'aboltayel, 

make progress: batz'itay. tzutz 'u'un. laj 

'u'un. lajes. xUc'an. xik'ey, 

lek 'oy. nup 'oy, 

be proper: tojol 'oy, 

profeta. jti'iej-k'op. jtoj ti'iej k'op, jtoj-ti'iel. 

jtoj-ti'ivanej. 

(male or female): j'alal-k'op. 

propose wiUingly: 'ak' 'olonton, 'ak' la 

'olonton, jak' ta 'olonton. 

toj 'utz, toj nopbU. 

be prosperous: 'oy ch'ulel la pasel, nopbUnopbU pas, 

make provision: makal 'a'i, makal 'aloj, 

muk'ta-'ich'van, muk'ta-ye, 

belel tza, belel tzaijel, tza, tojol 'olonton, 

tojol tza, tojol tzaijel, 

be pmdent at work or in business: •'akan-

'oltay. 

pmdent person: j 'at-'olonton, jbelel-tza, jbeleltzainom, jtojol-tza, jtojol-tzainom. 

freat dUigentiy or pmdentiy: 'ak' ta 'olonton 

'u'un. 

be elevated in rank: muk'ub, toy. 

high rank: toyol 'ak'el, toyol 'ak'vanej. 

person raised to high rank: jelel vinik. toybil 

vinUc, toyol vinik. 

raise one's rank: p'iles. 

person who is ready: ch'albiWinik. 

be reasonable: p*isol 'oy. 

tojol k*op. 

reflective person: j'at-'olonton. 

have a gocxi reputation: 'utz 'a'yejlal. 'utzil 

'a'yej. 'utzil 'a'yejlal. 

mo jaka k'opoj. 

be a reserved person: 'o'lol k'opoj, 

na'.pas. 

be worthy of respect: tojol 'oy k'exel, tojol 

'oy xi'euk. 

respect that one has: ch'uunvanej. 

respect that one receives: ch'uunel. 

worthy of respect tojol xi'el. 

be respected: 'oy tza, k'exey. 

take responsibility for: jok'an la tojol. 

'ak'el k'exol, •pakxinel. 
582 

resfrain 

resfrainer 

reward 

rewarded 

rewarder 

rich 

riddle 

sage 

send 

sent 

serious 

sermonize 

sharp-witted 

skill 

skiltful 

speak 

speculative 

speech 

status 

succeed 

successful 

surpass 

surpassed 

talent 

talk 

talkative 

taste 

tempt 

freat 

venerate 

victorious 

voluntarily 

wealth 

resfrain ones' appetite: •nabenabe ba ve'. 

resfrain onesetf: •nabenabe ba. 

pajeb. 

'aboltay, 'aboltayel. 'aboltayvanej. 'ak' pakol 

'aboltayel. pak 'aboltayel. pakbey 'aboltayel 'u'un. pakbey 'utzU, pakol, pakol 

'aboltayvanej, pakol 'utzil, toj, tojolU. 

'aboltaybU, pakbU 'utz, pakbU 'utzU 'u'un, 

tojoltasbU. 

be rewarded: tojoltasey. 

jpak 'aboltayel, jpak-'utz. 

'ayUc'al, 'ayik'aletUc. 

become rich: vokoUj. 

grow rich: 'ayUc'lej. 

rich man: 'ayUc'al chabjom. 

rich frader: 'ayik'al xanvil. 

nopbU k'op. 

j'at-'olonton. 

send cautiously: tzail-tak. 

sent cautiously: tzail-takbU. 

'ip, 'ol, tzotz, yaya. 

tzitza'aj. 

jayal chikin. 

'a'ivanej, tza, tzaijel. 

be skiUful: 'oy tza, 'oy tzaijel, melol na', 

mo 'oyuk k'usi tzotz 'a'i. toj na'. 

skillful person: 'ipal vinik, baxbolal vinik. 

speak with restraint: ta'al 'oy k'opoj. 

speculative person: jtzainom. 

intricate speech: tz'i'lel k'op. 

rise in status: toy jol, vUc' sat. 

yal ta k'exol, Halej. 

succeed in: nat 'U, natij lek. 

'utzintasbU. 

successful person: j'utzintasvanej. 

'ech', jel, jelav, jelbey, 

•ech'bU. jelbil, 

'a'ivanej. tza, tzaijel. 

holy or modest talk: 'ulzU k'op. 

P'ijU ti'. 

talkative person: j'al-k'op, j'epal-k'op, j'epalti', j'ich'-k'op, jk'opk'onel. 

(as when we say he has good or bad taste): 

lek'el. 

tempt and win over: 'aley. 

freal a matter pmdentiy or cUligently: 'a'i la 

'olonton. 

k'ex. 

be victorious: 'ip jelav, 'ip jelavel. 

lUcel la 'olonton, lok'uk talel ta 'olonton. 

improve one's wealth: 'Uc'ti'ij. 

improve one's wealth or luck: vokoUj. 

increase one's wealth (as in wUls some are 

more improved tiian others): p'iUl 'aboltay. 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

multiply one's wealtii almost inadvertentiy: 

'ep 'esomajes, 

weU do well: 'utzibes, 'utzintas, 

will power k'anvanab, 

win (inheritance, lottery): lekon, 

(lottery): 'ich'on, 

win a bet 'aleyvan. 

wise 'ip tza, tz'ib 'olonton, p'ij 'olonton. 

be wise: 'utz 'olonton, 

wise man who discourses at length: jtzaiej-

'olonton, 

wise man who discovers new designs and 

inventions: jtz'ib-'olontonil. 

wise man who takes g(X)d measures: jtzainom, jtzaivanej. 

wise person: j'a'ivanej, jtzainom, jna'vanej. 

16.D. Love, affection, friendship, respect, tinst, tmtii, 

companionship 

accompany 

admire 

assiu-e 

awe-inspiring 

beUeve 

beloved 

big-hearted 

big-heartedness 

bond 

caress 

commit 

committed 

companion 

confidant 

confide 

confidence 

confiding 

conscience 

debt 

deserve 

desfre 

divulge 

draw 

chi'in, lak'in, nupin. 

'elavaj. chamolaj. tup'olaj, 

cha'-'al, 

assiu-e for certain: kuxes k'op, 

be awe-inspiring: 'oy 'Uc', 

beUeve in a person: ch'uunbey k*op. muk'tayebey k'op, 

jalal, jol, 

miUc' 'olonton, 

big-hearted person: jmuk'ul-'olonton, 

muk'ta 'olonton, 

make a bond: 'ak' la Hun k'op, 

jax, jaxbey, jaxulan, 

commit oneself: k'uban ba. 

k'ubanbU. 

chi'il, lak', nup. 

jmak muktal k'op. 

confide in: tzoy ba, jok'an ba, k'uban ba, 

man ba. 

source of confidence: jok'leb. 

jok'anej ba, k'ubanej ba. 

act in good conscience: jok*an ta ch'ulel. 

pledge security for a debt tasey. 

take a pledge of security for a debt tas, 

tasbey. 

lekoj 'oy. 

k'an, k'anoj. k'anvanej, k'upin. 

arouse anotiier's desfre: 'ak' k'upin. 

desfre that one feels: k'upinvanej. 

object of one's desfre: k'upinej. 

puk, puk 'a'yejal. 

person who draws one out: jjoy-k'optayvanej. 
NUMBER 31 

embrace 

embraced 

enchant 

entmst 

entmsted 

faitiiful 

faitiifuUy 

faithfulness 

family 

follower 

friend 

friendUness 

friendly 

friendship 

gocxi 

guardian 

honest 

honestiy 

honesty 

ingenuously 

intimate 

kiss 

kissing 

long 

longing 

lovable 

love 

mey, meylej. 

object or person being embraced: meyoj. 

object or person that was embraced: meyben. 

enchant or bewiteh so as to faU in love: 

yakubes. 

tzoyan ta tojol. 

entmst object to (as when entinsting one's 

house to someone when going to frade): 

tzoyan ba ta tojol, jok'an ba ta tojol. 

entmst to: tzoyanbey, jok'an ta tojol. 

jok'anbey, k'ubanbey. 

object entrusted: k'ubul, k'ubul 'u'un. 

faithful person: 'utzil vinUc, jch'uunvanej. 

tojol vinik. 

'utz. 

act faithfuUy: 'utz pas. 

'utzil, batz'U. 

have a gcx)d famUy: 'utz ta nail, 'utz te vinik 

chi'il ta naklej, 'utz te vinik chi'uk la 

naklej, 'utz te vinik junjun na chi'uk. 

jvol. 

chi'il. tasal, •val-te'. 

become friends with: pas ba chi'uk, pas 

chi'uk. 

'atil. 

'atil vinik, laal 'atil, laal 'utzU, 

friendly person: 'utzU vinik. 

pasel. 

league of friendship: nopeb k'op, sUcubenal 

k'op. 

be on gcxxl terms with: laal 'U ba, laal 'il ba 

chi'uk, laal 'utzU k'opoj, laal k'opon ba. 

jchabivanej. 

k'exlal ti'. 

honest person: belel vinik, k*exlal ti' vinik. 

jmayayetel-vinik, tojol vinik. 

live honestiy: tojol-xanav. 

mayayetel. tojolil. 

speak ingenuously: tuk*avil k'opoj. 

be on intimate terms with: jalaltay ba. jol 'U, 

'utz'i ni'. 'ulz'ibey ni', 'utz'iel ni', nup. 

kiss repeatedly (as mother to her child): 

nulUan, 

repeated kissing: nulUanel, 

long for: k'upin, matz'et 'osil 'a'i. 

na'el. 

jalal, jol. 

lovable person: jalal vinik. 

jalal 'ilel. jalal 'ilvanej. jol 'U. jol 'ilel. jol 

'ilvanej. k'anbey. k'uxul 'olonton. 

faU in love: jol, k'ux 'a'i, yakub la jalal 'ilel. 

yal-te'in. 

faU in love (having a residence tiiat one has 

not yet moved to): val-te'ij. 

loved 

lover 

loyal 

messenger 

opinion 

pact 

pardoned 

passion 

positively 

praise 

praised 

prefer 

promise 

promised 

proof 

protection 

protege 

rank 

receive 

received 

recommend 

reconcile 

reconciled 

reputation 

respect 

rewarder 

speak 

speaking 

sfraightforward 

sfraightforwardness 

surety 

swear 

talk 

583 

faU passionately in love: k'uxub 'olonton. 

in love: yakyak. 

make faU in love: yakubes. 

person in love: jk'uxul-'olonton, jyakubel. 

jalal 'UbU, jol 'ilbil. 

jjol-'Uvanej. 

loyal person: melel vinUc, tojol vinUc, 

tinsted messengen jtzul-ti'. vayajom k'op. 

have high opinion of: toj tuun 'a'i. 

Hap ti'il. 

ch'aybU. 

k'uxul 'olonton. 

react positively towards: 'utzU-nop. 

praise dfrected towards person: 'utzU 'alel. 

'utz 'albil. 

be praised: 'utz 'a'ibU. 'ulzU 'albil. 

ba'yin. ba'yitas, labbey, labtas. 

'ak' k'op, 'al, 'al ta ti'. Hap ti'. Hap ti'U, 

Hapbey k'op. 

carry out one's promise: pas te k'op. 

Hap-ti'bil. 

'a'iel. 

commit oneself lo another's protection: tzoy 

ba, jok'an ba. likan ba. 

be the protege of a lord: jalaltasbil, jalaltaybU. 

entmst one's office or rank to another: va'i 

k'exol. 

entmst one's rank to another: va'an k'exol. 

receive or welcome visitor: nup. 

be received or welcomed with great pomp: 

toj 'utz nupey. 

k'oponbey. 

lamtzajes, paktzajes, paktzan. 

be reconcUed: laanej 'olonton, pas ba, Hul 

'olonton la tojol. 

have a good reputation: vinaj 'utzil 'a'yejlal. 

'ak' la vinUc, 'oy 'ik' 'a'i, tzamesvan, ch'uun. 

ch'uunvan, k'ex. k'exel, na'bey muk'ul. 

na'el, xi', xi'el. 

jpak 'aboltayel. jpak-'utz. 

speak straightforwardly: tuk'avil k'opoj. 

be on speaking terms with: k*opon ba. 

tojol. 

tojol k*op, tojol xanbal. 

'ak*el ta Hatzil, lok'el. 

'al bi dios, pas juramento, tij la 'alel bi dios. 

swear in vain: bet' juramento. 

swear to God: Hap ti'il. 

swear while making sign of the cross: p'is 

cmz. 

ingenuous or sfraightforward taUc (when one 
584 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

speaks plainly like a chUd): tuk'avil k'op. 

think think well of: 'oy 'ik' 'a'i, 'utzil-nop, ta 

'UtzU k'op nop. 

tormented be tormented by passion: nuptan yaijel. 

tme batz'Utik. 

tme person: tojol vinik. 

tmst •ak' ta 'olonton, tzoy ba. ch'uun, jok'an ba, 

k'uban ba, k'ubanvanej. 

object of one's tmst tzoyleb, k'ubanej. 

tmst a person: ch'uunbey k'op, muk'tayebey k'op. 

tinst in God: jok'an ba ta tojol dios, k'uban 

ba ta tojol dios, mak ba ta tojol dios. 

tzoyol, jok'anej ba, jok'ol, k'ubanej ba, 

k'ubul. 

tmsting in God: jok*ol ta tojol dios. 

tmsting person: jjok*anej ba. 

batz*i k*op, batz'U. 

speak the truth: be k'opoj, melel k'opoj, tojol 

k'opoj. 

batz'U. 

person who gives tme weight or measure: 

jp'is, jp'isojel, jp'isvanej. jtojobtasej-p'is. 

word carry out one's word: na' k'op. pas te k'op. 

keep one's word: k'ot la k'op. 

tme word: batz'i k'op. 

try to discover the tmth by using deceitful 

words: jotz'-k'optay. 

16.E. Sfrength, courage, authority. See also civU affafrs 

and social status 20. 

tmsting 

tmtii 

tmtiifufriess 

weight 

all-powerful 

autiiorize 

awe-inspfring 

best 

bow 

brave 

bravery 

charge 

chief 

command 

courage 

courageous 

dare 

daring 

dominate 

aU-powerful person: jvesej kotol. 

be aU-powerful: kotol Hu' 'u'un. 

nopbey. takbey. 

be awe-inspiring: •oy 'Uc'. 

best in everything: 'anilal jelavel, ba, ba'yitajel. 

make person bow: nijan. 

become brave: 'ich' ch'ulel, tzatzub 'olonton, muk'ub 'olonton. 

brave man: ch'Uom, ch'ilom vinik. 

brave person: jmuk'ul-'olonton, jmuk'ul-

'olonlonU, jyijil-'olonton. 

yijil 'olonton, 

lake charge of: tak, takbey. 

'ajvetik, ba'yitajel, ba'yitajel vinUc, jba'yitajel. 

taki, takiej, takivan. 

tzatzal 'olonton. tzatzalil. tzatzubel. ch'Uomal, 

muk'ul 'olontonil. 

courageous person: jtzatzal-'olonton. 

'ak' ch'ilomal. 

be daring: mo k'usi xi'. 

bet'. 

embolden 

fast 

ffrm 

firmly 

ffrmness 

force 

governor 

heroic 

important 

king 

lady 

limit 

lord 

manager 

manliness 

marquess 

master 

misfress 

nobUity 

noble 

nobleman 

official 

order 

overmateh 

pacify 

patiiarch 

peace 

power 

powerful 

prefect 

tzatzubes, tzatzubes 'olonton, tzatzubtas, 

tzatzubtas 'olonton, tzatzubtasbey 'olonton, muk'ubes 'olonron, muk'ubtasbey 

'olonton, 

'Uc, 'ip, tzatzubesbU, tzotz. 

*ip, tzatzubesbil, tzotz. 

'ip, tzotz. 

'ip, 'ipajel, tzatzal, tzatzubel. 

force on: tek'tek'-'ak*. 

jchabiomal, jch'akel, jch'akel ta 'ol. 

'ep labanel, toj labanat 

heroic feat labajel, labanel. tup'olajel. 

tup'olanel, 

(official): 'ip 'Uc'al, 

be important (person of authority): namal ba, 

'ojov. ba 'ojov. batz'i 'ojov, muk' 'ojov, rey, 

'ajvalel pop tz'omol, x'ojov, xep, 

set a limit: paj, 

'ojov. 

become a lord: ta 'ajvalel. 

feUow lord: 'ix ta 'ajvalel, 'ix ta 'ajvetUcil. 

lord of slaves: 'ajvetUc. 

sovereign: ba 'ojov, 

sovereign lord: junjun no 'ox tuk, 

jnUcesej-'osU, jnikesej-vinajel, jnUcesvanej. 

xinch'oklel. 

marques. 

'ajval, 

(or misfress) of the house: ba jk'ulej, ba 

jk'ulej ta na, 

become master: 'ajvay, 

master of slaves: 'ojov. 

misfress of slaves: x'ojov, 

misfress of the house: ba jk'ulej, ba jk'ulej 

tana, 

'atil, 'ajvalel, 'ajvetikU, 'utzU, tekpanU. 

rise lo nobUity: 'ajvetUcij, 

'atil vinik, ba vinik, 

'ajvetik, 'ajvetikU vinUc. 

j'abtel, jpatan, 

official who carries a staff of office: jnam-te', 

town official: jpatan ta j-tek lum, 

order one receives: takiel. 

'alantas, yales. 

ch'anantas, laanejes, lamtzan, pas, 

'ibel totil, likeb 'epal 'utzil vinik, patriarca, 

make peace: lamtzan. 

peacemaker: jlamtzajel, 

lekoj, Hu'el, 

have power over: Hu' 'u'un. 

power over a person: bet'oj, 

be powerful: toj Hu' 'u'un, ves, Hu' 'u'un, 

powerful person: jvesej, jvesvanej, jHu'el, 

jch'akel. 
NUMBER 31 585 

primogeniture Ha' yal ta pop ta tz'omol tot 

prince ba nich'on 'ojov, nich'on 'ojov, 

be prince of the whole world: vinkilelbil 

kotol 'osU 'u'un. 

prince of the world: 'alantasej kotol 'osU, 

'ajvaUnbU ta kotol 'osil, 'ojov kotol 'osU, 

'ojov ta kotol, 'ojovinbil la kotol 'osil. 

princess ba 'antzU nich'on 'ojov. 

queen x'ojov, xep. 

resistant tzotz. 

risk tz'i'lejel, tz'i'leyel, k*an •U, 

secure make a person feel secure: naktzajesbey 

•olonton, 

senator jch'akel ta •ol, jk'opojel ta 'ol, 

spirited •kata. 

spirited person: biU-ba, biU-ba vinUc. 

spiritedly walk spiritedly: bUi-batik xanav, •katatik 

xanav, 

sfrength •ip, •ipajel, bak-julanil, tzatzubel, tzatzubtasel, yijU, yijubel. 

(man): tzatzal. 

regain one's sfrength: •ipaj, tzatzub, pas ba. 

sfrengthen 'ipajes, •cx:h tzatzubeb 'u'un, 'cx:h tzatzubesabU 'u'un, tzatzubes. tzatzubtas. yijubes. 

Sfrengthened be sfrengthened: 'ipaj, 

Sfrong 'ik. 'ip. 'ip tzatzal. bak-julan. tzotz, 

(animal): •ip^ip, 

be sfrong (like a bone): ch'ijch'onet 

become sfrong: tzatzub. yijub, 

become sfrong (sun. rain. wind. chUd): 'ipaj, 

sfrong person: yijil vinik. 

sttu-dy yij, 

subject •alantas, 'alantasbU. bet', bet'oj, 

tyrant kola'al vinik, k'ak'al vinUc, jme'anajesej-

'osil. 

viceroy k'exol rey, lok'ob-ba rey, virrey. 

16.F. Obedience, humUity, poUteness 

accept 

advice 

bow 

bowed 

bowing 

compUance 

comply 

conscience 

consent 

accept advice or reproach: 'a'i. 

take advice seriously: 'ak' ta 'olonton. 

kejey, nijey. 

(head, body): nijan ba. 

nijil. 

bowed over (by someone else): nijanbil. 

nijanel, nijlej. 

'ak'el ta 'olontonil. 

comply with die ordinances or mandates of 

the king or courthouse: chabi k'oplal. 

throw the burden of one's conscience upon 

others: jok'an ta ch'ulel. 

'a'i, k'an 'a'i, k'op. 

do witii everyone's consent patob 'utz 'a'i 

pas. 

distance 

dominated 

door 

excuse 

gaUantiy 

gaUantry 

graciously 

greet 

humble 

humility 

incontinent 

low 

modest 

modesty 

obedient 

obey 

obeyed 

penance 

perus 

please 

polite 

politely 

politeness 

prosfrate 

respect 

revere 

r(X)m 

shake 

keep one's distance: batbates ba. namaj. 

namajes ba, tas ba. 

bet'bil. 

knock on the d(X)r: tij ti' na. 

metz', taki. 

be one who excuses himself: yauk 'oy. 

excuse oneself: ya ti'. 

excuse oneself even though tmthfully: pok 

ba, 

keep excused: takibil. 

person who excuses himself: jya-ti'il. 

lek. 

•utzil, lekil, t'ujumal. 

act graciously: t'ujum pas. 

speak graciously: 'utz k'opoj. 

tzames, k'ejan ba ta tz'el, k'opon. 

(by doffing one's hat): jambey pbc jol. 

greet one another: tzames ba, k'ejan ba. 

humble oneself: 'itz'intas ba la lum, bik'it 

cha'ley ba, bUc'taj, bUc'tajes ba, tup', yal. 

yales ba. 

humble person: jbUc'tajesej-baU, jtup'-bail. 

jyalesej-baU. 

bUc'it 'a'i baU, bUc'it cha'ley bail, bUc'lajesej 

baU. 

Ha' te mo pokbiluk xanave. 

hold self in low esteem: bik'it 'a'i ba. 

'utzil, tojol. 

modest person: 'utzU vinik, machach vinik. 

tojol vinik. 

'utzil, laanU, machachil. tojol k'op. 

behave witii modesty and pmdence: pas ba. 

tojob. 

be obedient *a'i k'op. 'a'ivan. 'ak'van la 

vinik. 

obedient person: j'ak'vanej ta vinik, 

jch'uunvanej. 

'ak' ta vinUc, ch'uun, ch'uunvan. 

'ak'bil ta vinUc. 

penitencia. 

(poUte term): xinch'oklel. 

me. 

polite person: laan vinUc. tojol vinik. 

lek, t'ujum. 

k'unU k'op, k'unU xanbal, laanU k'op, laanU 

xanbal, tojol k'op, tojol xanbal. 

prosfrate self: patan ba. patey. 

respect Gcxi: tzames dios. 

respect person: muk' 'a'i. 

respect tiie king: tzames rey. 

revere the king: tzames rey. 

drawing r(X)m (where ladies are received): 

nakleb 'antz. 

shake hands: 'Uc ba, kik ba. 
586 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

speak speak graciously: 'utz k'opaj. 

subjection 'alantasej, 'alantasel. bet'oj. 

submit 'alantas, 'alantas ba. bUc'tajes ba. 

submit to: 'och ta 'olon. pas ba ta 'olon. 

submitted 'ak'ebU. 'etesbil. 

talk holy or modest talk: 'utzU k'op. 

tip (hat): t'ochan. 

weU-mannered weU-mannered person: 'utzil vinik. k'exlal 

vinik. 

16.G. Peacef ulness, patience, calm 

calm 

calmness 

danger 

mUdly 

pacified 

patience 

patient 

peace 

peaceable 

peaceful 

peacetime 

relax 

relaxed 

reserved 

safe 

secure 

secunty 

serene 

speak 

laUc 

franquUity 

ch'anantas. lamal. lamtzan, nakanbey 'olonton. 

be cahn: ch'an chi, ch'an-chi. laanej, nakal 

'olonton, nakan 'olonton. 

laanil 'olonton, nakanel 'olonton. 

be out of danger: mo k'u na'. 

free from danger: koles, koltay. 

(cure, mle. punish): k'un. laan. 

be pacified: laaet. laanej. 

tz'ikvanej. 

be patient: tz'Uc, tz'Ucvan. 

ch'an-chi xanbal, laaet xanbal, lam xanbal. 

be at peace: ch'an-chi xanav, laaet, laaet 

xanav, laan xanav. 

feel at peace: laaet 'osil 'a'i. 

peaceable person: melel vinUc. 

lamal. 

be peaceful: ch'an-chi. 

become peaceful: lamtzaj. 

peaceful person: jlaaetel. 

lamal 'osil. 

'ich' 'olonton, ch'an chi, yamaj. 

machachal. 

be relaxed: nakal 'olonton. 

mo jaka k'opoj. 

be a reserved person: 'o'lol k'opoj. 

'utz no 'ox. 

be safe: kol, mo k'u na', mo k'u xi', mo 

vokoluk. 

feel safe: naktzaj 'olonton. 

feel safe or secure: 'utz nakal 'olonton. 

be secure: mo k'u na', mo k'u xi'. 

feel secure: nakal 'olonton. 

make a person feel secure: nakanbey 'olonton. 

lok'tayvanej, lok'vanej, naktzajeb 'olontonil. 

laal 'atil, laal 'utzU. 

serene person: 'atU vinUc, 'utzU vinUc. 

speak with restraint: ta'al 'oy k'opoj. 

holy or modest talk: 'utzU k'op. 

nakanel 'olonton. 

16.H. Anger, hafred, enmity, disapproval, jealousy 

anger 

angrily 

angry 

annoy 

annoyed 

annoying 

argue 

avenge 

backbite 

backbiting 

blame 

blamed 

boast 

censure 

chastise 

chastisement 

chastiser 

conceal 

concealment 

cm-se 

cursed 

defame 

'il, 'iUnel. 

(person): 'ak' 'Uinuk, 'iUnoj. 

be justified or reasonable (anger): *oy tojolU. 

be provoked to anger: t'abesbil ta 'il. 

be unjustified or unreasonable (anger): mo 

'oyuk tojolU, 

burst with angen vokan 'olonton ta 'il, 

conceal one's anger: muk, ten, 

have face redden witii anger: chak-paltay ba, 

person quick to anger: toj j-likel j'il, 

provoke to anger: t'abes la 'U, 

provoked to anger: lUcesbil ta 'U, 

provoker of anger: jt'abesvanej la 'U. 

redden with anger (face): chak-paltay. 

seethe witii anger: loklon 'olonton. 

unjustified or unreasonable angen naka 'U. 

look angrily: •keman sat k'el. 

'ip k'ak'al, k'ok'. 

angry person: j'il, j'iletel. jk*ak*al-'olonton. 

be angry: 'Uin 'olonton, maymonet, van, 

vanvonet. 

become angry: 'ilin, tzajub, k*ak'ub. 

become angry with: 'iUn. 'Uin la tojol. 

tzajal-'Uc'. me'anajes. yayaubes. 

person who annoys: jme'anajesvanej. 

be annoyed: maymonet, van, vanvonet 

be annoyed by: yaya 'a'i. 

toj ya. 

pakpak ba ta k'op, tup'bey ba k'op. 

avenge a beating: pak majel. 

avenge an insult pak 'utel. 

nam tal 'ut, nam tal 'utvan. 

nam tal 'utvanej. 

'albey kola'al, 'ut. 'utel, 'utvanej, nap'an. 

'utbil. 

boast angrily: vulvonet k'op. 

'ut 

•'akan-'oltay. 

•'akan-'oltayvanej. 

j'akan-'oltayvanej. 

conceal one's anger or grief: tz'ik. 

concealment of anger or grief: Iz'Ucel, 

tz'ikvanej. 

'ut, 'ut dios, 'ut santo, 'utvan, chakanol k'op, 

chakanoltay, chakanoltayvanej, kola'al-

'al, ti'ol k'op, ti'oltay, ti'oltayvanej. 

person who curses: jchakanoltay vanej. 

person who ciu-ses another: jchakanol-k'op. 

chakanoltaybil, ti'oltaybU. 

'ules, 'utvan, puk 'a'yejal, pukbey 'a'yejlal, 

tup'. 
NUMBER 31 587 

defamed piUcbU 'a'yejlal. 

be defamed: pukbeat 'a'yejlal. 

defamer jpuk-'a'yejlal, jpuk-k'op, jvinajesej-

'a'yejlal, 

degrade kolo' 'ut, lob •ut 

denounce •ilan. 

despise ten ch'ay. 

detest 'ilan, chakanoltay, ti'oltay. 

detestation 'ila'alU, chakanol, chakanol k'op, ti'ol, ti'ol 

k'op. 

detested chakanoltaybil, ti'oltaybU. 

detester j'Ua'ajel, j'ilanvanej. 

devil call person a devU: 'albey pukuj, p'is ta 

pukuj. 

disesteem ten ch'ay. 

disgrace k'exlal. 

disgust 'ila'alU, koj. 

disgusted be cUsgusted by: 'Ua'aj, 'Ua'al 'a'i, koj 'a'i, 

koj 'osU 'a'i, tavan 'a'i, tavan 'ilel *a'i, 

tavan 'osU 'a'i, yaya 'a'i. 

be disgusted by the sight of: tavan 'ilel 'a'i. 

be cUsgusted by tiie sound of: tavan 'a'iel 'a'i. 

disgusting become cUsgusting: 'Ua'aj. 

disgusting person: j'ilanvanej. 

dislUce tzoj 'U, koj 'ilel 'a'i, kolo' 'a'i, mo joluk 'il, 

tavan 'ilel 'a'i. 

dislUced mo joluk 'aley. 

dissension stfr up dissension: 'ixtalaj, 'ixtalan. 

dog angry dog: k'ak'al tz'i'. 

embitter ch'aubes, ch'aubtas. 

enemy jbak'el, nakbal, nakmal, yabutil. 

become enemies: yabutij, yabutin. 

make an enemy of: nak, nakav. 

enrage k'ak'ubes, lek'-ti'ijes, lupes, tiles, 

enraged 'ip k'ak'al, laal k'ak'al, toj k'ok', 

be enraged: ch'ach'on 'olonton, k'ak'ub 

'olonton, k'uxey 'olonton, vokan 'olonton, 

envious be envious: 'it'ixaj, 

be envious of: 'it'ixan, 

envious person: 'it'ix, j'it*ixajel, 

enviously 'it'ix'il'ix. 

envy •it*ixajel, •it*ixal, 

evU consider evil: kolo' 'a'i, k*ux 'a'i, mo 'utzuk 

'a'i, 

falsifier jpak*tayej, 

fault find fault with: bik*lajes, komojes, paj, yales, 

ferocious k*ok', 

frown •keman sat, kotzan sat, 

fierce frown: pak*al-baijel, 

frown at •kemanbey sat. 

frown fiercely: pak'al-baij, pak'aUn ba. 

l(X)k with a frown: kotzan sat k'el. 

frowning 

furious 

fury 

gossip 

gmmble 

gmmbling 

hate 

hateful 

hafred 

hot-tempered 

insult 

insulted 

irritation 

jealous 

jeer 

laugh 

listen 

littie 

loathe 

loathesome 

low 

m(x:k 

mocked 

mocker 

negatively 

opinion 

oppose 

provoke 

be frowning: •kemel sat. 

person who is frowning fiercely: jpak'albaijel. 

'ip k'ak'al, k'ok', laal te'te'U, te'te'ub, toj 

lek'-ti', toj te'te'. 

become furious: k'ak'ub, lek'-ti'ub. 

k'ak'al, k'ak'al 'olonton, k'ak'aUl. 

j'ich'-k'op, chibal-k'opoj, jcha' lom k'op, 

jchibal-k'op, jotz'-k'optay, joyjoyk'optay, jjoy-k'optayvanej, lob-k'optay. 

gossip intended to arouse discord: cha'-lom 

k'op. 

gossip intending lo arouse discord: cha' lom 

k*opoj. 

listen to backbiting or gossip: 'ich* lot 

(as women do witii maids or daughters): 

tukuk, vulul. 

(as women do): tukuket 

(women): vululel, vulvon, vulvonet 

tuketel, tiUcuketel, vululel, vululetel. 

'ilel 'U, tzoj 'il, tzoj 'olonton 'u'un, kola'al-

'U, k*ok* ba 'a'i, tavan 'Uel 'a'i. 

be hateful: 'ilel 'Uey, tzoj 'iley, kolo' 'Uey. 

tzajal 'ilvanej, kola'al 'Uvanej. 

hafred one receives: 'iletel, 'iletel 'Uel, tzajal 

'ilel, kola'al 'Uel. 

hafred one recieves: 'iletel 'ilvanej. 

hot-tempered person: k'ak'al vinik. 

'ul, 'utel, 'utvanej. 

reciprocal insult pakol 'utel. 

'utbil. 

bUc'tal 'U, naka 'U. 

be jealous: 'it'ixaj. 

be jealous of: 'u'bcan. 

jealous person: 'it'ix. 

tze'i, tzitzil k'op, tzitzil lo'il k'op, sak-tze'i. 

laugh at: tze'i. 

listen to backbiting or gossip: 'a'i lot 

hold in littie value: 'oloiul 'a'i. 

'ilan. koj 'a'i, yaya 'a'i. 

be loathesome: yaya 'ilel. 

hold in low esteem: 'olonU 'a'i, bUc'it 'a'i, 

bik'it ch'amal *a'i. 

tze'i, lo'Uaj, maxilaj, muib 'osil 'a'i, na'ley, 

na'leyvan. sak-tze'i, tajim. 

'aptaybil, tze'ibil. 

jtze'ej. jtze'ivanej, •jmi. jna'al. 

react negatively towards: kola'al-nop. kola'alnop. 

hold low opinion of: lajal machal 'a'i, mo 

tuul 'a'i, mo tuuliUc 'a'i, mo tuun 'a'i. 

'ul, nak, nakav. 

k'ak'ubes. 
588 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

provoked 

provoker 

puffed-Upped 

quarreler 

quarrelsome 

rage 

reasonable 

reject 

reproach 

ridicule 

roll 

scold 

scolding 

scorn 

scorned 

scorner 

speak 

speaking 

taUc 

temper 

vengeful 

vengefulness 

k'ak'ubesbil. 

jk'ak'ubesvanej. 

be puffed-Upped (insult): t'(x:hel ti', 

j'ipal-'osU, j'ipal-k'op. j'ipal-ti', 

'ip k'ak'al, 'ip lek'-ti'U, 

be quarrelsome: 'ip ti' 'ok'. 

quarrelsome person: j'il. jbik'tal-jatal, jjatal, 

jk'opk'onel. 

'il 'olonton, tzajal, ch'ach'onel. k'ak'al, 

k'ak'al 'olonton, k'ak'ubel, k'ak'ubel 

'olonton, vokanel 'olonton, 

(anger): 'oy belel, 

mo 'utzuk 'a'i, paj, 

'ilan, mo 'utzuk 'a'i. paj, 

jolom-k'optay, lob-k'optay, na'ley, 

roll around (lUce chUd with temper tantmm): 

balet, 

roll around (lUce chUdren who throw tiiemselves to the ground in a temper): balan 

ba, 

'Uin, tzatzal-tzitz, tzatzal-k'opon, tzitz, ch'ivet 

'e, jatan, k'ux 'e, 

scold sfrongly: 'ipal-tzitz, 

tzatzal tzitzvanej. 

Sfrong scolcUng: 'ipal tzitz. 'ipal tzitzvanej. 

'ila^aj. 'ila'alU. 'Uan. chakanol. chakanol 

k'op. chakanoltay. k'ok' ba 'a'i, k'ok' ba 

'U, paj, ti'oltay. 

'ilanbU, chakanollaybU, pajbU, ti'oltaybU. 

j'Ua'ajel. j'ilanvanej. 

speak impatientiy or in a fit of temper: 'ip 

k'ak'al k'opoj. 

speak importunately: ma'-ba k'opoj. 

speak with barbs: tz'i'tz'i'-k'opoj. 

not be on speaking terms with: mo 'oyuk 'U. 

din of mirthful or quarrelsome talk: ch'ijetel. 

(Un of mirthful or quarrelsome taUc, discord: 

kuletel, 

harsh talk: tzatzal k'op, k'ak'al k'op, 

jealous or envious talk: 'it'ixal k'op, 

make a din with mirthful or quarrelsome talk: 

ch'ijet, k'ulet, 

taUc against nak la k'op, nakvan ta k'op, 

k'ak'al, 

k'ak'al, 

vengeful person: k'ak'al vinUc. 

k'ak'al. 

16,1, Cruelty, hardness of heart 

abusive abusive person: k'ak'al vinik, 

become abusive: k'ak'ub, 

affUct 'ak'bey 'il vokol, 'ak'bey vokol, 'il vokol 

'u'un, t'inlebey 'olonton, 

person who afflicts us: 'ajval. 

annoy tzajal-'Uc', me'anajes, yayaubes, 

person who annoys: jme'anajesvanej, 

annoyed be annoyed: maymonet, van, vanvonet 

be annoyed by: yaya 'a'i. 

annoying toj ya. 

botiier tzajal-'Uc', me'anajes, yayaubes. 

bothersome toj ya. 

bullying k'ak'al. te'te'U. 

cmel ch'Uom 'olonton. k'ok' 'olonton. 

be cmel: mo k'uxubinvan, 

become cmel: k'ak'ub. lek'-ti'ub. te'te'ub, 

cmel person: k'ak'al vinUc, lek'-ti'U vinik, 

te'te' vinUc, te'te'il vinik, 

cmelty k'ak'al, k'ak'ubel, lek'-ti'U, te^te^U, 

ferocious ferocious person: k'ak'al vinik, k'ok' vinik. 

ferocity k'ak'al, 

fierce 'ip lek'-ti'U, 'ip te'te'U, xi'benal, toj k'ok'. 

fierceness lek'-ti'il. 

hard-hearted become hard-hearted or persist in one's 

demands: tonib 'olonton, 

harsh toj tzotz. 

harsh judge: tzatzal juez, 

harsh person: k'ak*al vinik, 

harshly tzotz, 

inhuman be inhuman: mo k*uxubinvan. mo vinUcuk. 

inhumanity lek*-ti'il. 

mercUess 'ip k*ak*al, 'ip lek*-ti'U, 'ip te'te'U. 

molest 'ak' ta ya, yaijes. 

molest greatiy: bet* ta tek'el, lom la tek'el. 

molester j'ak'vanej ta ya, jyaijesvanej. 

persecution nakavel. nakbal. nakel. nakvanej, 

retaliate sut ta tojol tuk, sutejes ta tojol tuk, sutejesbey 

ta tojol tuk, 

sadness person who causes sadness: jbUc'tajesej-

'olonton, jme'anajesej-'olontil, 

jme'anajesvanej, 

talk harsh talk: tzatzal k'op. k'ak'al k'op. 

terrible 'ila'al ba. 

be terrible: 'Uo ba. kolo' ba 'oy 'ik'. 

be terrible (person, aiumal): xi'benaj ba. 

torment 'ak* vokol. kisnajes. yaijes. 

tormentor jbUc*tajesvanej-'olontonU, jnakvanej. jyayaubesvanej. 

torture 'ak* vokol. 'ak*bey 'ik*ti', 'ak*bey 'U 'Uc*ti'. 

'ak*bey 'U vokol, 'ak*bey vokol, 'U vokol 

'u'un, yaijes. yayaubtas. 

torturer j'ak*-'Uc*ti'. j'ak'-vokol. 

tyrant kola'al vinik. k'ak'al vinUc. jme'anajesej-

'osil, 

ungrateful mu na' 'aboltayel, 

vicious toj kolo', 

16.J. Anxiety, sorrow, suffering, fear, cowardice 

adversity kisin, ya. 

afraid be afraid: xi', 

be afraid of: 'ip 'a'i, xi'. 
NUMBER 31 589 

anguish ya. 

anguished be anguished by sickness or loss: kisnaj. yaij. 

annoy tzajal-'ik'. 

anxiety bak'el 'olonton, bUc'tajel 'olontonU. k*opk*onel 

'olonton, k*uxul 'osU, me'anajel 'osU, 

anxious be anxious: bak* 'olonton, bUc*taj 'olonton, 

jUc* 'olonton, k*opk*on 'olonton, k*un-laj, 

k'ux 'olonton, me'anaj 'osU 'a'i, me'anajel 

'osU 'a'i. ti'olaj. 

beat beat one's breast: tij ni' 'olonton, 

bereave k'uxubin, 

blanch blanch from fright sak-Uktay, sak-lUctay ba, 

have one's face blanched from fright saklUcan ba. 

blink get nervous blink: mutz'uy sat, mutz'uyel 

'a'i. 

nervous bUnk: mutz'uyel. 

conceal conceal one's anger or grief: tz'ik. 

concealment concealment of anger or grief: tz'ikel, 

tz'ikvanej. 

consolation consolation in one*s grief: laanejesabU 

me'anajel. 

coward jxi'el. 

cowardly 'unen 'olonton, bUc'tal 'olonton. 

cry 'avalet, 'avan, 'ok', 'ok'olet 

cry over person: 'ok'etay. 

crying 'ok'el. 

despafr chakanoltay ba, ti'ol, ti'oltas 'osil, ti'oltas ba. 

desperation chakanol. 

despondency bik'tal 'olonton, bUc'tal 'olontonil. 

despondent despondent person: jbUc'tal-'olonton, 

dismay sa'bey 'olonton, 

disfress k'uxul 'osU, me'anajel *osU, 

disfressed be disfressed: 'ok' 'olonton, bik'taj 'olonton, 

me'anaj 'osil 'a'i, me'anajel 'osil 'a'i, 

disturbed be disturbed: bak* 'olonton, nUc 'olonton, sok 

'olonton. sokol 'olonton, 

thoroughly disturbed (person, speech, house): 

sokoktik. 

disturber jsok-'osU, jsok-lum, jsokvanej. 

doleful k'uxob 'olal ba. 

endurance kuchvanej. 

endure tz'ik, kup 'ik*, kupul-'ik'tay, kupul-

'Uc'tayvan, 

(labor, pain, whiplashes): kuch, 

face wry face: biU-baijel, biU-batUc, 

fear xi', xi'el. 

be white with fear: sak-pak'an ba, 

fearful be fearful: 'ip xi'. 

fearful person: jxi'el. 

fearsome be fearsome: 'oy 'Uc'. 

be fearsome (animal's or human's horrifying 

face or appearance): xi^benaj ba. 

feel feel out of place: mu nop •osU 'a'i. 

flee wish to flee from: mo 'utzuk 'a'i. 

fright 

frighten 

frightened 

fiightful 

grief 

grieve 

grievous 

sibtasel, sibtasvanej. tijluyel. 

blanch from fright: sak-pak'tay, sak-pak'tay 

ba, 

take fright: lUc, 

sibtas, xi'es. tij. 

frighten person from carrying out a plan: 

k'asbey 'olonton. 

be frightened: 'ip xi'. 

be frightened by having seen or heard a 

mfracle: laban. 

be frightful (person, animal): xi'benaj ba. 

k'uxubinvanej. 

conceal one's grief: muk, ten. 

have grief doubled: 'ipaj me'anajel. 

k'ux 'a'i. 

be grievous: la 'olonton, taoj 'olonton, tij 

'olonton, 

grimace 'ilel 'Uel pasel satU, 'Uel 'ilel p'isel satil. 

tz'e'el satil, sak-^toan satU, sak-^tosan 

salU, 

make grimaces: 'Uel 'ilel k'elay, 'Uel 'ilel 

lok'tay, 'ilel 'ilel p'is, maxil-lok'tay, 

maxil-p'is, 

gmmble (as women do with maids or daughters): 

tukuk, vulul, 

(as women do): tukuket 

(women): vululet. vulvon. vulvonet, 

gmmbling tuketel, tukuketel, vululel, vululetel, 

hardship have hardships: 'ip vokol, 

horrifying be horrifying: xi'benal ba, 

be horrifying (person, animal): xi'benaj ba, 

melancholy me'anajel, me'anal, 

be melancholy: mo muib 'osU 'a'i, 

melancholy person: ch'anabal vinik, 

miserable k'uxob 'olal ba, me'on, 

misery k'uxob 'olal ba, ma'-'olal, ma'-ba 'olal. 

ma'-ba vinkilel, ma'-vinkilel, me'anajel, 

me'anal, 

molested greatiy molested: bet'bU ta lek'el, lombU ta 

tek'el, 

motet doleful motet me'anajel k'eyoj, me'anajel 

k'op, 

nerve have nerves tauten: mutz ba, 

nervous ch'uxuvtik. 

offended mulaltasbil, panbil ta mul. 

offense offense tiiat one receives: mulaltasel, panel 

tamul. 

penitence bik'tajel 'olontonil, me'anajel 'olonton, 

me'anajel 'olontonil. 

penitent be penitent: bik'taj 'olonton, me'anaj 'olonton. 

pestered lom-tek'bU. 

pestilential 'ipal chamelal, 

poor 'abol ba, 'utz"utz' ba, jok'ol, k'uxob 'olal 

ba, me'on, yavaj. 
590 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

p(X)rhouse 

poverty 

regret 

repent 

repentance 

ridicule 

sad 

sadden 

slandered 

sob 

sobbing 

sorrow 

sorrowprovoking 

sorrowful 

sorrows 

squeamish 

subjected 

suffer 

suffering 

suspense 

suspicious 

aid the poor in their needs: yain, 

become pcxir: me'anaj, 

desperately pcx)r person: batz'i me'on, ch'uul 

me'on, 

lift up tiie poor or downcast: p'Ues, 

raise tiie pcx)n toyes. 

na me'on, vayeb nich'on, 

'abol ba, 'utz"ulz'U ba. k'uxob 'olal ba, 

me'anal, yavaj, yavajil, 

feign poverty: pak'tay ba ta me'on, 

k'uxub 'olonton, yanij 'olonton, 

'ok' 'olonton, bUc'taj 'olonton, chibaj 'olonton, k'ux 'a'i, k'uxub 'olonton, yanij 

'olonton, 

moment when or place where one repents: 

bik'tajebal, tup'ebal, 

repent one's sins: me'anaj 'olonton "u'un 

mul, 

bik'tajel 'olontonU, mich'el 'olonton, yanijel 

'olontonU, 

lob-k'optay, 

be sad: mayayet vinik, me'anaj, me'anaj 'osU 

'a'i, 

grow sad: bik'taj 'olonton, me'anaj. 

bik'tajesbey 'olonton, me'anajes. 

piUcbU 'a'yejlal. 

jUc'jon. jik'jonet, 

jUc'jonel, jik'jonetel, 

bik'tajel 'olontonil, me'anajel, me'anal, 

cause for sorrow: me'anajesabU, 

motive for sorrow: bUc'tajesabU 'olontonil, 

be sorrow-provoking: me'anaj 'olonton 'u'un, 

be sorrowful: bik'taj 'olonton, me'anaj. 

sorrowful person: jme'anajel. 

have sorrows: 'ip vokol. 

be squeamish: 'ibet 'olonton, xexon 'olonton. 

bet'bil. 

(allowing others to be saved as when the 

Inncx:enis cUed instead of the Christians): 

makiya. 

person who suffers for anotiien jmakiej-ya. 

suffer for another: makibey. 

sttffer for another's sins: tz'Uc, laj ta tojol, 

yain. 

suffer from: •tzein. 

•tze. ya. 

suffering of tiie soul: 'olontonil ya, 'olontonil 

yaijel. 

cha'-p'el tza. 

person in suspense: jcha' p'ei tza. jchibal-

'olonton. 

person who is suspicious: jnop-k'op. jnopvaterrified 

threat 

timid 

torment 

tormented 

lorttfre 

tortured 

fremble 

frembUng 

frouble 

uneasy 

unhappy 

upset 

vex 

vexation 

vexatious 

vexed 

wretehed 

wretehedness 

nej. 

be terrified: xi'. 

sibtas, sibtasvanej. 

timid person: jxi'el. 

'Uc'ti'. 

suffering of torments: yaijel. 

be tormented by passion: nuptan yaijel. 

'Uc'ti', vokol. 

be torttired (as tiie damned): 'il vokol. 

fremble from cold or fright: tziltzon. 

tziltzonel. 

Hovintas. 

be uneasy: sok. sok 'olonton. 

be unhappy: bUc'taj 'olonton. mo 'oyuk 

ch'ulel. 

bik'tajesbey 'olonton, Ukes, 

'ak' ta ya, labanes, yaijes, yayaubes. 

person who vexes another: j'ak'vanej ta ya. 

yaya, yayail, yayaubel. 

vexatious person: jyayaublasvanej. 

be vexed: tavan 'osil 'a'i, yaya 'osU 'a'i. 

yayaub. 

'abol ba, *utz"utz' ba, k'uxob 'olal ba. 

ma'-ch'ulel. 

be wretehed: mo 'oyuk ch'ulel. 

k'uxob 'olal ba. 

16,K. Impatience, stubbornness, cUscourtesy, insult, disobedience, rebeUiousness 

abrasive k'ok', 

affront 'ak' ta namal, javayel. javayes, k*exk*onel, 

namajes. namal, 

ask ask for importunately: ma'-ba k*an. 

call call frequentiy or importunately: •votol-'ik', 

capricious capricious person: j'epal-'olonlon. j'epal-tza, 

consent do without one's consent mo 'utzuk 'a'i pas, 

disobedient be disobedient mo ch'uunvan. 

disobedient person: Ha' te mo 'a'ivan ta 

vinUce. Ha' te mu 'a'i k'ope. Ha' te mu 

ch'uunvan. 

fart fart at ungraciously or mcx^kingly: tzistay. 

person who farts frequently: jtzisnom, 

fickle 'ep 'olonton. 'ep tza. 'epal 'olonton, yantikyantUc 'olonton, 

be fickle: sob yanij 'olonton, t'abtUct'abtUc 

tza. 

fickleness 'epal 'olontonil, 'epal tzaijel, 

fig bet'anel k'obil, bet'anel k'obol, bet'el k'obU, 

bet'el k'obol, 

give a fig to (thumb placed between other 

fingers): bet'anbey k'ob, 

give a fig to someone: katz*anbey k'ob, 

giver of figs: jbet'anej-k'obol. 
NUMBER 31 591 

hinder 

impatience 

impatient 

importunate 

importunity 

impudence 

incite 

inconstancy 

inconstant 

insolent 

insolentiy 

insult 

insulted 

intmde 

intmder 

jeer 

laugh 

mischief 

mock 

mocked 

mocker 

nuisance 

obstinacy 

obstinate 

offend 

persist 

pester 

presume 

presumption 

rebellious 

rebelliousness 

person who gives a fig: jkatz'anej-k'obU. 

hinder by cUgressing from the subject: p'as 

ta be k'op. 

lek'-ti'il, 

'ip k'ak'al, 'ip lek'-ti'U, 'ip te'te'U. 

be impatient: mo jtz'ikomiUc. 

mo na' k'in. 

be importuante: mo malayej 'a'i, 

be importunate: bak' 'olal, mo 'oyuk 'olonton. mo 'oyuk 'olonton. mo malay k'in. 

toj tavan 'a'iel, toj tavan 'Uel, 

importunate person: ma'-ba vinik, 

jme'antasvanej, jyayaublasvanej, 

ma'-'olal, ma'-ba k'anvanej, ma'-baU, ya 

ch'iel. yaya, 

tenkex pasnej, 

'ak' pas. 'ak'bey k'op, bak'es 'osil, tzitz. 

k'as, 

'epal 'olontonil. 'epal tzaijel, sutelsutel 

'olontonU, 

mo to jaka 'oyiUc 'olonton, yantikyantUc 

'olonton, yantikyantik tza. 

be inconstant mo tzotzuk 'olonton. 

insolent person: jpimU-ba, jpimU-bail. 

speak or act insolently: pimU-baij, pimub ba. 

'ut, 'ulel, 'utvanej, 

reciprocal insult pakol 'utel, 

'utbil, 

lap ba, tabentay k'ob, •tanay k'op. 

inttnde in a game: tabentay tajimol, •tanay 

tajimol, 

intmde in a meal: tabentay ve'el, 

intmder at a meal: •jtana-ve'el, 

intmder in a game: •jtana-tajimol, 

tze'i, tzitzil k'op, tzitzil lo'il k'op, sak-tze'i, 

laugh at: tze'i, 

Hovil, 

mischief maker: jHovil-vinik, 

tze'i, lo'Uaj, maxilaj, muib 'osU 'a'i, na'ley, 

na'leyvan, sak-tze'i, tajim. 

'aptaybil, tze'ibil. 

jtze'ej, jtze'ivanej, •jmi, jna'al. 

jbUc'tajesvanej-'olontonU, jme'anajesvanej, 

jnakvanej, jyayaubesvanej. 

tzatzal 'olonton. 

become obstinate: tonib. 

mulaltas, pan la mul. 

persist unreasonably: k'opk'on, ma' ba tzatzal k'opoj, ma' ba yijU k'opoj. 

person who pesters: jme'antasvanej. 

muk' cha'ley ba, toy ba. 

muk' cha'ley-baU, toy-bail, toyob-baU. 

become rebellious: toy ba. 

loy-baU. 

rebuff 

refuse 

reluctantiy 

renegade 

reply 

request 

resist 

restiess 

restiessness 

return 

ridicule 

sin 

sinfulness 

smbborn 

smbbornly 

froublesome 

unfaithfulness 

unreasonable 

mo 'ulziUc 'a'i, paj. 

mo tak', paj. 

mu ta jamuk, ta valak-pat. 

j'Uctayej. 

reply many times: bichbonet tak'av. 

reply shamelessly or repeatedly: bichbonet 

tak'av, jatbU 'abnal ti' tak'av, jik'jonet 

tak'av. ti'inej ba tak'av. 

persistent or demanding request: k'anojel. 

request importunately: bot'ol-k'an. 

request rq)eated (witii supplications or tiireats): 

tzajal-k'an. 

nak, nakav. 

be restiess: bak' 'olal, mo 'U naklej. 

restiess person: jbak'el-vinik, jk'otk'onelvinik. 

bak'el, Hoviel, 

restiess person: jtalel-batel. 

retiu-n of gift or insult pakol. 

jolom-k'optay, na'ley. 

sin persistentiy (as a stubborn or shameless 

dog): tz'i'U-mulav, 

sin willfuUy: tzatzub ta kola'al, yijub ta 

kola'al. 

persistent sinfulness: tz'i'U la mulil. 

stubborn person: jma' ba k'op. 

ma'-batUc, 

mo 'utzuk, mo tojoluk. 

mo ch'uuneluk dios, mo ch'uimvanejuk. 

naka 'altik. 

16.L. Foolishness, clumsiness, impmdence, failure, misfortune 

backwards do backwards: ta valak-pat pas, valak-patijes, 

valak-patin. 

befuddle bolibes. 

befudcUed bol, mak-bol, mak-boUl. ton-kok, lon-kokU. 

become befuddled: bolib, ch'ay-tzaij, makbolib, ton-kokib. 

befuddled person: mak-bol vinik, mak-bolil 

vinik. 

befuddlement bolU, mak-bolil, ton-kokil. 

bet lose bet: 'ale. 

chUdish act chUdish: 'unetiki ba, tajim. 

childish act: 'unetikU pasnej. 

chUcUshness 'unetikil. 

coarse coarse person: naka vinUc, p'onko'tik no 'ox, 

tenkex vinik. 

conversation be confused in conversation: sok k'op. 

deceived person deceived by others: jlo'loyel. 

decline (in number, population, property or rank): 

vetz'. 

(person, property): jayub. 
592 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

dominated 

dull 

dull-witted 

duped 

fauU 

fool 

fooUsh 

fooUshly 

fooUshness 

forgetful 

game 

idiot 

ignored 

impotent 

impmdence 

imprudent 

inabiUty 

inadvertentiy 

incapable 

incompetence 

incompetent 

inconvenient 

long-winded 

loudmouth 

mistake 

negligentiy 

nuisance 

ordinary 

rank 

reasoning 

ruin 

so-so 

speak 

speaker 

speech 

bet'bU. 

naka k'op. 

dull-witted person: boUl vinik, pek'a vinik. 

tzitzbU, yakubesbil, yakyak, yakyaklUc, HovintasbU. 

be duped: Hovi. 

mul, mulil, pajbenal. 

Hovil vinik. 

mo 'oyuk 'olonton, HovHovtik. 

act foolishly: Hovi. 

Hoviel. 

forgetful person: jch'ay-'olonton. 

lose game: 'ale. 

jcx:h'bU te'. 

be ignored: mu tabat. 

be impotent mo Hu' 'u'un. 

ma'-ba k'op, ma'-ba pasnej. 

be impmdent: mo 'oyuk 'olonton. 

impmdent person: ma'-ba vinUc. 

ma'-'olal. 

do inadvertently: k'ak'alk*ak*al pas, ma'-ba 

pas, naka 'allUc pas. 

incapable person: bolil vinik. 

pek*aU, 

mo 'oyiUc 'olonton, mo 'oyuk p'ijU, 

be incompetent mo 'oyuk ch'ulum-ti'U, 

incompetent person: ma'-tuul vinik, pek'a 

vinik. 

mo 'utzuk, mo tojoluk. 

long-winded person: j'epal-k'op. 

jk'opk'onetel. 

'ipal jov, j'ov. 

Hoviel. 

(in speech): sok. 

by mistake: yan 'ich', yan 'ik'. 

make a mistake in conversation, speech, or 

the doctrine: sok 'u'lm. 

ch'ajch'aj, maxUmaxU. 

jbUc'tajesvanej-'olontonU, 

naka k'op no 'ox, naka Ha' no 'ox. 

lose rank: 'Uctay, 'ilan 'ajvalel, 'ul, bik'taj, 

tup'. 

make a muddle of reasoning: lut'lut'-k'opoj. 

min oneself: ch'ay, laj. 

'utz"utz' taey tal. 

do so-so: 'utz"utz' pas, tzaibil to pas, nopbil 

to pas. 

so-so object: jchabiej. 

speak foolishly: Hovi, HovU-k'opoj, HovHovtUc k'opoj. 

speak vainly: ma' ba k'opoj, sa'sa'-k'opoj. 

speaker of vain things: j'ixtol-k'op, jma' ba 

k'op. 

be confused in one's speech: sa' k'op, sok 

sfrong 

stupid 

sttJpidity 

laUc 

trip 

unable 

unfortunate 

unjust 

unlucky 

unnecessary 

useless 

vain 

withdrawn 

word 

workmanship 

worse 

wretched 

wretchedness 

wrong 

16.M. S 

affronted 

ashamed 

bashful 

bashfully 

bashfulness 

blame 

k'op. 

not be sfrong enough: mu tabey 'ipal, 

bol, kokkok, mak-bol, mak-bolU, mo 'oyuk 

p'ijU, naka k'op, ton-kok, HovHovtUc ba, 

be sttipid: mo 'oyuk ch'ulum-ti'il, mo k'usi 

na'. 

stupid person: bolU vinik. •linko vinik, 

mak-bol vinUc, mak-bolil vinUc, naka 

vinUc. pek'a vinUc, •Hona vinUc, 

bolU, kokil. mak-boUl. pek'aU k'op, tonkokU. 

fooUsh taUc: Hoviel, Hovil k'op. 

lukuntabey 'ok, p'osi 'ok, p'osiel 'ok. 

trip on a branch or root tz'ukulin te'. 

trip on a rock: tz'iUcuUn ton, 

be unable to do: mo Hu' 'u'un, 

ma'-ch'ulel, 

unfortunate person: jma'-ch'ulel, 

mo 'utzuk, mo meleluk, mo tojoluk. 

be imlucky: kolo' balam, kolo' ch'ulelU, mo 

'oyuk ch'ulel. 

ma'-tuul. 

be unnecessary: mo 'oyuk tu. 

useless person: ma'-tuul vinik, mo 'oyuk 

k'usi tu. naka vinik. •pomol vinUc. 

do in vain: naka 'altik pas. naka pas, 

in vain: 'altik. ma'-batUc, naka 'altUc, nakanaka. nakatUc. Ha' no 'ox yalal, 

spend the day or time in vain: naka 'ech' 

'osU 'euk. naka mal k'ak'al 'u'un. 

withdrawn person: ch'anabal vinik. 

make a muddle of reasoning or words: 

tamtetamte-k'opoj. 

make a muddle of words: lut'lut'-k'opoj. 

poor workmanship: mo 'utzuk 'abtelanel. 

mo 'utzuk pasel. 

toj kolo' tuk. 

be worse: jelav 'ipal kola'al, jelav ta kola'al. 

grow worse: kola'aj batel. 

'abol ba, 'utz"utz' ba. k'uxob 'olal ba, 

ma'-ch'ulel. 

be wretehed: mo 'oyuk ch'ulel. 

k'uxob 'olal ba. 

mo tojoluk pasbey. 

16.M. Shame, embarrassment. guUt 

namajesbU. 

be affronted: k'exk'on, namnon. 

be ashamed: k'exav. namaj. 

be bashful of: k'exav. 

k'exlal ba. 

k'exlal. 

'utel. 'utvanej. 
NUMBER 31 

blamed 

defUed 

degrade 

disgrace 

dishonor 

embarrassed 

embarrassment 

guilt 

hood 

humble 

humiliate 

humiliated 

humiliating 

humiliation 

lessen 

relent 

run 

shame 

shamed 

shameful 

laUc 

'utbU. 

be defiled: kola'aj. 

kolo' 'ut, lob 'u t 

k'exlal. 

dishonor that one brings: k'exavesvanej. 

k'exlaltUc. 

dread with embarrassment k'exav. 

•'aal, 'al, mul, muUl, 

rid oneself of guilt: pok ba. 

put on pasteboard hood of infamy: *ak' pix 

jol Hun, 'ak'bey pix jol Hun, 

'olantas, 'ules, bik'tajes, tup'. 

'ak' la k'exlal, 'ak' ta namal, k'exaves. 

k'exlaltas, namajes. 

humiliate oneself: tup'es ba. 

moment when or place where one humiUates 

self: bik'tajebal, tup'ebal. 

k'exlaltasbil, namajesbU. 

be humiUated: k'exav, namaj, namnon. 

humiliating act k'exlal pasnej. namal pasnej. 

k'exavel. k'exlal, namajel, namal. 

lessen self (by wicked deed): bUc'tajes ba, 

tup' ba, yales ba. 

make person relent: k'asbey 'olonton, sa'bey 

'olonton. 

wish to mn away: k'exav. 

k'exavel. k'exaves, k'exlal, k'exlalel, k*exlaltas, namajel, namajes, namal. 

lose one*s shame: pimil-baij. 

k*exlaltasbil. 

k*exlal. 

humiliating taUc: k*exlal k'op, namal k'op. 

16.N. Role-playing, imitation, secrecy, deceit 

bribe 

bribery 

buffoon 

copy 

counterfeiter 

cunning 

dance 

death 

deceit 

deceitful 

tzajal-'ak'bey. tzajal-tzitz, •votol-tzitz. 

tzajal 'ak'beyel k'op, tzajal tzitzvanej. 

play the buffoon: tuU-'atij. 

chanbey, lok'tay. 

copy or imitate (writing, work): k'elubey. 

k'eluy. lok'taybey. 

jpak'tayvanej, jpak'tayvanej ta tz'ib. 

'ip tza, tzaibil. tz'ib 'olonton, p'ij. 

cunning person: jtzainom. 

make cunning: tz'i'lej 'u'un, tz'i'lejes, tz'i'ley. 

kola'ajes. 

make person cunning: kola'aj 'u'un. 

make dance: 'ak'otajes, 'ak'ottas. 

feign death: pak'tay ba ta jchamel. 

person who feigns death: Ha' te pak'tay ba 

ta tup'el 'Uc'. 

tzaU k'op. cha'-lom k'op. 

deceitful person: jtzainom, jchibal-k'op. 

deceitful questioning: jotz'-k'op. 

deceitfuUy 

deceive 

deceiver 

declare 

decoy 

defame 

defamed 

defamer 

deruer 

deny 

disguise 

disguised 

dissembled 

dissembUng 

distmst 

distmstful 

dupe 

eat 

elusive 

enter 

face 

false 

falsehood 

falsely 

falsifier 

593 

make deceitful: tz'i'lej 'u'un, tz'i'lejes. 

tz'i'ley, kola'ajes. 

make person deceitful: kola'aj 'u'un, Hovi 

'u'un. 

ta tzaU k'op, ta cha'-lom k'op, ta lo'loyel, ta 

lo'loyvanej. 

deceive oneself: ch'ay 'olonton, Hovi. 

deceive person about the price of something: 

lo'loy. 

deceive with fair-seeming words: cha' lom 

k'oplay, tasley-k'optay. 

deceive with plots: yakubes, Hovintas, 

jtzail-k'op, jcha' lom k'op. 

declare oneself: vinajes 'ik'. 

chanbey 'ok, chanbey ti'. 

bird decoy: 'Uc'ob mut. 

decoy bfrd witii a whistie: 'ik' mut. 

decoy deer with a whistle: 'Uc' chij. 

decoy with a whistie: 'Uc'van. 

deer decoy: 'ik'ob chij. 

'ules, 'utvan, puk 'a'yejal, pukbey 'a'yejlal. 

tup'. 

pukbU 'a'yejlal. 

be defamed: pukbeat 'a'yejlal. 

jpuk-'a'yejlal, jpuk-k'op, jvinajesej-

'a'yejlal. 

jmuk-k'op, jyail. 

'ilan, mu 'al, mu jam, mu meltzajes, mu 

vinajes, muk, ya ti'. 

deny one's guiU (legal case): muktal-net'bey. 

net' k'op, net' ta 'alel. 

ch'ayel, yanijel. 

disguise onesetf: ch'ay, ch'ay ba, yanij. 

yanijes ba. 

ch'aybU ba, yanijesbil ba. 

be disguised: ch'ay. 

disguised in speech: yanijesbU ta k'op. 

pak'taybil ba. 

cha'leyel ba. 

k*op 'olonton. 

chib 'olonton. 

tzitz, ch'aybey 'olonton, Hovintas. 

eat in secret mu'natij, muktal-ve*. 

be elusive: mo jaka lak' 'ilel, mo jaka tak' 

k'oponel. 

enter secretiy: muktal-'och. 

person who makes a face: jbili-baijel, jbilibatay vanej. 

mo batz'iluk, mo tojoluk. 

pak'tayej. 

tell falsehood unknowingly: mu tzailuk 'u'un 

pak'tay. 

pak'tayejtik. 

jpak'tayej. 
594 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

falsify 

feign 

flatter 

flatterer 

flattery 

forger 

god 

gossip 

grief 

hide 

hiding 

hypocrisy 

hypocrite 

hypocritical 

illness 

imitate 

importance 

impostor 

kiU 

kiUing 

liar 

lie 

listen 

lying 

murderer 

perform 

place 

poverty 

presume 

presumption 

pretend 

lok'tay, pak'tay, p'is. 

p'is ba. 

person feigning sleep: jkulU-vayel, jmaxilvayel. 

'utzibtas, 'utzin, k'an ch'ulel k'opoj, k'an 

ch'ulel k'opon, maxilan, pas-k'opoj. 

j'utzinvanej, jk'an ch'ulel k'op, jk'anch'ulel, jpas-k'op. 

'utzinvanej, k'an-ch'ulel k'op, pas-k'op. 

jpak'tayvanej. 

cocoa bean forger: jpak'tayej ta kokov. 

false god: pak'tayej ch'u, patol cUos, tajimol 

ch'u. 

gossip, person who draws one out: jjoy-k'op. 

conceal one's grief: muk, ten. 

hide in one's house: mak-nai ba. 

hide onesetf: muk ba. 

hiding place: mukebal. 

pak'tayej ba, pak'tayel ba. 

be a hypocrite: pas ba la 'utz vinik. 

be hyp(x:ritical: cha'ley ba ta 'utz vinik, 

pak'tay ba ta *utz vinUc, pak'tayej ba ta 

'utz vinik. 

feign illness: 'ip to ba la jchamel, pak'tay 

ba ta chamel, p'is ba ta chamel. 

person who feigns iUness: Ha' te pak'tay ba 

ta chamel. 

chanbey. 

(writing, work): lok'tay. 

imitate or mimic one's gait: chanbey 'ok. 

imitate or mimic one's speech: chanbey ti'. 

assume afr of importance: muk'ub. 

•kata vinik. 

kiU freacherously: muktal-tzames. 

secret killing: mukulmukul tzamesvanej. 

jpak'-k'op, jpak'tayej-k'op, jpak'tayvanej. 

cha'-lom k*op. cha'-lom k'opojel. chibal 

k'op. chibal k'opojel. chibal-k'opoj. lot, 

lotoj, pak'-k'op, pak'tay, pak'tayej, 

pak'tayej k*op, pak'tayvan. 

big lie: me' pak'-k'op, muk' pak'tayej k'op. 

lie to: pak'taybey k'op. 

listen in secret muktal-'a'i. 

ta pak'-k'op. 

freacherous murderer: jmuktal-tzamesvanej. 

perform anotiier's functions: k'ex. 

take one's place: k'ex. 

take one's place (competing for a favor, a 

position): k'ex ba. 

take person's place: k'ex ta k'op. 

feign poverty: pak'tay ba ta me'on. 

muk' cha'ley ba, toy ba. 

muk' cha'ley-baU, toy-bail, toyob-bail. 

cha'ley ba, k'opuk 'oy, naka 'al ba, naka tal 

pretender 

pretext 

promise 

prophet 

pry 

reUgion 

represent 

representation 

robber 

role 

scarecrow 

secret 

simulation 

slander 

slanderer 

speak 

spy 

spying 

StealtiiUy 

substitute 

talk 

tattle 

testify 

fraitor 

freason 

walking 

warfare 

k'opuk, pak'tay, p'is ba. Ha', 

pretend to be: 'elov cha'ley ba. 

pretend to be someone else: cha'ley ba 'elov. 

pretend to eat maxil-ve'. 

pretend to go: maxil-bat. 

pretend to kUl: maxil-mU, 

pretend to scold: maxU-'Uin. 

pretend to sleep: kulU-vay, maxU-vay. 

jpak'tayej. 

on the pretext of: tzatza. 

break one's promise: pak'tay. 

break one's promise or word: mu k'ot k'op. 

false prophet: jpak'tayej-profeta. 

pry into others' affafrs: jak' mul, jak' pasnej, 

nach'itayvan. 

pry into others' affafrs watching where they 

go: nach'itay. 

false religion: pak'tayej ch'uul xanbal. 

k'eluy, lok'tay, pas lok'ob, p'is. 

k'elul. lok'ob, lok'tayabU. 

(who acts in secret): j'elek'. 

fiU another's role: k'extay, lok'. 

sibtasabil, sibtasan vinUc. 

muktal, miUclal k'op, mukul k'op. 

secret act: muktal pasnej, mukul pasnej. 

pak'tayej. 

lot, lotbey k'op, lotoj, puk. puk-'a'yejlal, 

piUc-k'op, pukbey, yaijes. 

jlot-k'op, jpuk-'a'yejlal, jpiUc-k'op. 

speak deceitfully: tzaibil k'opoj, tzail-k'opoj, 

cha' lom k'opoj, cha' lom k'opojtayvan, 

chibal-k'opoj, jotz'-k'optayvan. 

speak foully or cUshonestiy: tz'i'tz'i'-k'opoj. 

jpa'i. 

spy on: nach'itay, nach'itayvan, pa'i. 

spy who watehes the road: jpa'i-be. 

pa'i. 

tiptoe StealtiiUy: k'un-Ut'ovaj, Ut'lonet, lit'ovaj. 

'ak' k'exol, 'ak' lok'ol, k'exbon, k'exel, 

k'exol, k'extay, lok'ol, jlok'tay. 

deceitful talk: tzaibU k'op, cha'-lom k'op, 

cha'-lom k'opojel, chibal k'op. 

jotz'-k'optay. joyjoy-k'optay, lob-k*oplay. 

testify falsely against person: lotbey k*op, 

nap*anbey k*op. 

•j'aal-k'op, j'aleyvanej. jcha' lom k'op, 

jjotz'-k'op. 

•'aal k'op, cha'-lom k'op. 

cause to commit freason: •'aal-k'optay, 

'aley, jotz'i. 

commit freason: jotz'-k'optay. 

mimic person's manner of walking: pUcbey 

'ok. 

mock warfare: tajimol ch'Uom. 
NUMBER 31 595 

j'epalwetiiurse jchu'untasvanej. 

wheedler jtas-k'op. 

word break one's word: pak'tay. 

person who speaks empty words: 

k'op, cha'-ti'U vinUc, jlabal-k'op. 

ti7 to discover the tmth by using deceitful 

words: jotz'-k'optay. 

16,0, Negligence, laziness, greed 

arm 

avarice 

avaricious 

covet 

covetousness 

glutton 

gluttony 

gormandize 

greed 

greedy 

idle 

idleness 

lazUy 

laziness 

lazy 

negligence 

negligent 

negligentiy 

niggardly 

with one's arms crossed (in idleness): lutz'oj 

k'ob. meyoj k'ob, 

yavaj. yavajijel, yavajU. 

yavaj. 

avaricious person: yavajU vinUc, 

k'upin, 

k'upinvanej, 

covetousness that one receives: k'upinel, 

•izaom, •tzaomal vinUc, jkamojel, mu'natU 

vinik. 

•tzaomal, tz'i'U ve'el, k'a'al ve'el, mo tojol 

ve'eluk, mu'natU, mulal ve'el, tuluk'U 

ve'el. 

tz'i'lz'i' ve', tz'i'il-ve'. 

t'ut'ibel, t'ut'U. 

t'ut', t'ut'U. 

be greedy: t'ut'ib. 

become greedy: yavajib. 

greedy person: t'ut'U vinik. 

nakalnakal, nakanaka. 

idle person: jnaka 'altik naklej, jnaka-naklej. 

naka 'altik naklej, naka naklej. 

ch'ajch'aj, maxUmaxU, mu •'akan-'oltay. 

•cheyilal, ch'ajU, ch'ajUal, ch'ajubel, naka 

'aliUc naklej, va'vonetel. 

ch'aj, ch'ajU, nakalnakal, pal jol ch'aj, yaya, 

yayail. 

be lazy: ch'ajUal 'osU 'a'i, ch'ajub, naka 

'ech' 'osil 'u'un, naka no 'ox xanav, naka 

pas. 

be lazy or sluggish: 'al-poman 'osil 'a'i. 

exfremely lazy: ba ch'aj. 

lazy or sluggish person: 'al-poman vinik. 

lazy person: •cheyil vinik, ch'aj vinUc, ch'ajU 

vinik, jva'vonetel, yayail vinik. 

•cheyUal, ch'ajilal, mukul 'olontonil, yayaU. 

'ok'elal, ch'aj, ch'ajil. yayail. 

negligent person: ch'ajil vinik, jmukul-

'olonton, jmukul-'olonlonU. 

do negligentiy: •kajal-pas, •kajaUcajal pas, 

•kajaltay, k'axtok pas, k'axtoki, maxilpas, maxilmaxil pas, maxiltay, yayail-pas. 

t'ut'U. 

niggardly person: I'ut'il vinUc, yavajil vinik. 

slow 

useless 

slow person: ch'ajil vinik, yayail vinik. 

useless person: ma'-tuul vinUc, mo 'oyuk 

k'usi tu, naka vinik, •pomol vinUc. 

16.P. EvU. sinfulness 

bad 

base 

bmtish 

change 

cormpt 

cormpted 

cormption 

currish 

currishness 

degrade 

depraver 

desfre 

devilish 

dishonor 

dissipated 

dissolute 

doggishness 

evU 

evildoer 

iUicit 

incontinence 

incontinent 

infamy 

kolo'. mo 'utzuk. 

(adminisfration or government): •Homol 

•vukul. 

especially bad: mo 'oyiUc bu Hech kolo'. 

very bad: batz'i kolo'. 

ma'-tuul, mo joluk. mu'natil. 

bmtish person: chijil vinik. 

change one's ways: k'ex, k'ex ba. 

tz'i'lejes, tz'i'ley. 

become cormpt: kola'aj. 

tz'i'lejesbU, tz'i'leybU. 

be cormpted: tz'i'lej. 

tz'i'lejel, kola'al, ma'-bail. 

currish act tz'i'U pasel. 

tz'i'U. 

kolo' 'ul, lob 'ut 

jtz'i'lejesvanej, jtz'i'leyvanej. 

lustful desire: mulal k'upinvanej. 

piUcujil. 

devilish deed: pukujil pasnej. 

dishonor tiiat one brings: k'exlaltasvanej. 

be dissipated: ch'ay. 

mulmultUc ba. 

be dissolute: ch'ay 'olonton, HovHovtik 

xanav. 

dissolute man: HovU xinch'ok. 

dissolute person: jch'ay 'ol vinUc, jma' 'ol 

vinik. 

dissolute woman: HovU 'antz. 

tz'i'U. 

kolo', mo batz'iluk, mo tojoluk. 

be especially evU: jelel kola'al tuk. 

be evU: toj mo vinUcuk. 

be persistentiy evil: lajel kola'aj. 

consider evil: kolo' 'a'i, k'ux *a'i, mo 'utzuk 

'a i. 

do evil: pasbey kolo'. 

especially evU: mo 'oyuk bu Hech kolo'. 

evil action: kola'al pasnej, kola'al pasojel. 

evil or bad person or vision: lob. 

evil person: labal vinik. 

harden in evil: tzatzubes ta kola'al. 

jtz'i'leyvanej. 

be iUicit mo Hu'. 

mo lekuk xanbal, mulal xanbal. 

mo lo jaka 'iktayvan. Ha' le mo lekuk xanav. 

be incontinent: mu t'ujumuk xanbal. 

kola'al 'a'yejlal, namajel. 
596 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

malefactor jme'anajesvanej, jpas-kolo'. 

malice kola'al, labal, HovU. 

malicious 'ep labal. kolo'. lob, toj lob. 

malicious person: jcha' lom k'op, jchibalk'op. 

maliciously la cha'-lom k'op. 

malignant kolo'. 

molest 'ak' ta ya. yaijes. 

molest greatiy: bet' ta tek'el. lom ta tek'el. 

molester j'ak'vanej ta ya. jyaijesvanej. 

morals looseness of manners and morals: mo tojoluk 

xanbal. mo tojoluk xanbaluk. 

offender mo tojoluk jpasvanej, jmulaltasvanej, jpask'op. 

offense offense that one causes: mulaltasvanej, panvanej la mul. 

pander 'Uc'van, muktal-'ik'van, miUcul-'Uc'van. 

perverse toj kolo', toj lob. 

be perverse: mo meleluk 'ayan, valak-pat 

'ayan, valak-patij. 

perversely act perversely: 'ixtalaj, tz'i'lej. 

pimp j'Uc'vanej, jUi-'atil vinik, mulal-xanav, mulavil kelem, jmukiU-'Uc*vanej, Hovi-xanav, 

Hovil kelem. 

prodigal prodigal person: jch*ay bel na, jlajesel bel na. 

prodigality ch*ayel bel nail, lajesel bel nail, 

rake mulavil ch'iom kelem. 

rascal Hovil vinik. 

rascality Hovil. 

reputation desfroy one's reputation: ch'ay na'el 'u'un. 

ch'ay xi'el 'u'un. 

have a bad reputation: vinaj kola'al. vinaj 

kola'al 'a'yejlal. 

have a reputation (particularly a bad one): 

vinaj 'a'yejlal. 

kola'al. labal. 

Hovil xanbal. 

min oneself: ch'ay, laj. 

commit a sacrilege: nak bel na dios. 

commit a sacrilege (by stealing from the 

church): 'elk'an bel na dios. 

be sacrilegious: mo ch'uun lum cUos, mo 

ch'uun na cUos. 

shameless person: jpimU-ba. jpimil-bail. 

harden in sin: tzatzubes la mul. 

sin persistentiy (as a stubborn or shameless 

dog): tz'i'U-mulav. 

sin willfuUy: tzatzub ta kola'al, yijub ta 

kola'al. 

sinfulness persistent sinfulness: tz'i'U ta mulil. 

sinister mo meleluk, mo tojoluk, valak-pat 

sinner cause person to become a hardened sinner: 

lajel tz'i'lej ta mulU. 

squanderer jlajesvanej, ma'-batik jlajesel. 

roguery 

ruffianism 

ruin 

sacrilege 

sacrilegious 

shameless 

sin 

laUc 

tempt 

temptation 

terrible 

unfaithfulness 

ungrateful 

vice 

vicious 

vile 

wicked 

wickedly 

wickedness 

worldly 

base talk: mu'natU k'op. 

currish laUc: tz'i'U k'op. 

devilish talk: pukujil k'op. 

iUicit talk: 'ol labal k'op. 

infernal talk: k'atin-bakU k'op. 

•'aal-k'optay. 

•'aal, •'aal k'op, 'al. 

give in to temptation: *ak' ta 'olonton. 

'aleyey, yal ta 'al, yal la jotz', yal ta muUl, 

'ila'al ba. 

be terrible: 'Uo ba, kolo' ba 'oy 'Uc', 

be terrible (person, animal): xi'benaj ba. 

mo ch'uuneluk cUos. mo ch'uunvanejuk. 

mu na' 'aboltayel. 

ma'-ba xanbal, tenkex xanbal, tenkexil. 

toj kolo'. 

kolo', ma'-tuul. mo 'utzuk. mo joluk. tenkex. 

tenkextik. 

vile person: •pomol vinUc, 

toj kolo'. toj lob. 

live wickedly: kola'al-xanav. 

kola'al, labal. HovU. 

balumilal. 

worldly person: jjalal 'U balumilal. 

16.Q. Pride, arrogance, conceit, aggressiveness 

arrogance 

boast 

brag 

braggart 

haughtUy 

haughtiness 

muk' 'a'ibU. muk' cha'ley-bail. 

natil-k'opoj. 

boast angrily: vulvonet k'op. 

natil-k*opoj. 

jnatil-k'op. 

waUc haughtily: machet. 

miUc' cha'ley-baU, muk' cha'leyel ba, •pomelel, p'onko'U, toy-bail, toyob-baU. 

haughty be haughty (person of authority): namal ba. 

become haughty: muk' cha'ley ba, muk' 

cha'leybU, toy ba. 

haughty person: jmachetel, •jpomelel, p'onko' 

vinUc, jtoy-bail. 

imperious imperious person: 'ep takiej, j'epal-k'op. 

importance assume air of importance: muk'ub. 

importunate mo na' k'in. 

be importuante: mo malayej 'a'i. 

be importunate: bak' 'olal, mo 'oyuk 'olonton. mo 'oyuk 'olonton, mo malay k'in, 

toj tavan 'a'iel, toj tavan 'ilel. 

importunate person: ma'-ba vinik, 

jme'antasvanej, jyayaublasvanej, 

importunity ma'-'olal, ma'-ba k'anvanej, ma'-baU, ya 

ch'iel, yaya. 

insolent insolent person: jpimU-ba, jpimil-bail. 

insolentiy speak or act insolentiy: pimil-baij, pimub ba. 

intimidate sibtas, xi'es. tij. 
NUMBER 31 597 

jeer 

laugh 

mock 

mocked 

mocker 

opinion 

pomp 

presumptuous 

proud 

request 

scorn 

scorner 

show 

speak 

speaker 

summon 

tyrant 

ungrateful 

vainglory 

tze'i, tzitzil k'op, tzitzU lo'il k'op, sak-tze'i, 

laugh at tze'i, 

tze'i, lo'Uaj. maxilaj. muib 'osU 'a'i. na'ley. 

na'leyvan. sak-tze'i. tajim, 

'aptaybil, tz6'ibil, 

jtze'ej, jtze'ivanej. •jmi. jna'al, 

have a high opinion of oneself: jalal 'a'i ba, 

jalan ba, tuun *a'i ba. 

be done with pomp: toj pasey. 

presumptuous person: jmuk cha'ley bail, 

jtoy-bail. 

become proud: muk' cha'leybU. 

persistent or demanding request: k'anojel. 

request importunately: bot'ol-k'an. 

request repeated (witii supplications or tiireats): 

tzajal-k'an. 

'Ua'aj, 'ila'alU, 'ilan, chakanol, chakanol 

k'op, chakanoltay. k'ok' ba 'a'i. k'ok' ba 

'U. paj, ti'ol, ti'ol k'op, ti'oltay. 

j'Ua'ajel, j'ilanvanej. 

show onesetf ostentatiously or not: jam ba. 

speak haughtily: sa'sa'-k'opoj, toy bail 

k'opoj. 

speak importunately: ma'-ba k'opoj. 

speak with barbs: tz'i'tz'i'-k'opoj. 

haughty speaker: jsa'sa'-k'op, jtoy bail k'op. 

summon importunately: bot'ol-'Uc*. 

kola'al vinik, k*ak'al vinik, jme'anajesej-

'osU. 

mu na' 'aboltayel. 

ma'-ba muibel, ma'-ba nichimajel, mu tojol 

'utzibeluk, mu tojol muibeliUc, mu tojol 

nichimajeluk, naka 'altik muibel, naka 

'altUc nichimajel. 

16.R. Beauty and ugliness 

adorn 

adorned 

astonished 

beautiful 

beautify 

beauty 

decorate 

elegant 

fearsome 

tzatzajes, pas. 

'oy tzatzajel, tzatzajesbU. 

be astonished at tiie price or beauty or at the 

loyalty of someone: labaj. 

saksak, toj ch*ulul ba, t*ujum. 

be beautiful: •'ulubalal ba. 

become beautiful: lekub, pok-baij, t'ujumaj. 

sound beautiful: 'utz vinaj. 

t'ujumtas, 

lekil, pok-baijel. t'ujumal. 

decorate witii branches: 'ak' k'ob te', 

decorate with pine needles: 'ak' xak-toj, 

'otes xak-toj, 

decorate with planted branches: tz'un k'ob 

te', paj k'ob te'. 

'utz, lek, t'ujum. 

be fearsome: 'oy 'ik'. 

fine 

fitting 

frightful 

grace 

graceful 

gracefulness 

graciously 

handsome 

handsomeness 

horrifying 

orderly 

prettiness 

pretty 

proper 

speak 

speech 

talk 

ugliness 

ugly 

be fearsome (animal's or human's horrifying 

face or appearance): xi'benaj ba. 

batz'i, batz'i 'utz. 

be fine: 'utz 'oy. 

lek 'oy, nup 'oy. 

be frightful (person, animal): xi'benaj ba. 

endowed with grace: *ep 'utzil, 'ep gracia. 

'utz, •'ulubalal, lek, t'ujum. 

'utzil. lekil. t'ujumal. 

act graciously: t'ujum pas. 

speak graciously: 'utz k'opoj. 

'utz. lek. t'ujum. 

handsome person: lek vinUc. 

lekil. 

be horrifying: xi'benal ba. 

be horrifying (person, animal): xi'benaj ba. 

nopbUnopbil, tasaltasal. 

lekU, t'ujumal. 

'utz, •'ulubalal, ch'ulul, ch'ululch'ulul ba, 

lek, lek 'Uel, t'ujum, t'ujum 'Uel. 

be pretty: 'utz 'Uel, x'ulubalal 'ilel. 

sound pretty: 'utz 'a'i, 'utz 'a'iel. 

lek 'oy, nup 'oy. 

be proper: tojol 'oy. 

speak elegantiy: 'ajval-k'opoj, tekpank'opoj, t'ujum k'opoj. 

speak eloquentiy: 'ajval-k'opoj, tekpanUk'opoj. 

speak graciously: 'utz k'opaj, la k'opoj, 

t'ujum 'al. 

elegant speech: 'ajval k'op, tekpan k'op. 

elegant talk: lekU k'op, t'ujum k'op. 

'ila'alU, kola'al. 

kolo', kolo' 'elov, mo ch'ululuk ba, mo 

lekuk, mo saksakuk, mo t'ujumuk, toj 

kolo'. 

be ugly: mo t'ujumuk 'elov. 

be ugly (person, animal): xi'benaj ba. 

become ugly: tz'i'lej, kola'aj. 

have an ugly appearance or face: kolo' ba sal. 

make ugly: tz'i'lejes, tz'i'ley, kola'ajes. 

17. Fate, causality, free will, preference. See also luck 

16C, misfortune 16L, sports 32B, witchcraft 35F. 

accident by accident Ha' no 'ox yalal. 

advantageous be advantageous: 'elmaj yo' 'oy, lok' yo' 

'oy. 

appoint nakan, t'uj, va'an. 

appointment t'ujel, va'anel, 

augury pixanU, 

because 'u'un. Ha' 'u'un. 

because of: koj, la koj. Ha' koj, Ha' ta koj. 

cause 'ak', •tze, k'alal, ya. 
598 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

certain batz'i k'op, batz'Utik, toj Hech. 

chance by chance: Ha' no 'ox yalal. 

by chance?: me. 

choice tamol, tamolajel. 

choose nakan, t'uj. 

choose the best t'uj. 

person who ch(X)ses: jtamanej, jtamvanej. 

chooser jt'ujom, jt'ujvanej. 

compulsory tzajal. 

fate balam, ch'ulelU, k'in, Hech ch'ulel. 

person's fate: k'inal. 

foretold loj-ti'ibU. 

forewarn ba'yi 'albey. 

free free wUl: kuxul tza, na'ben tza. 

hope tzoyleb, tzoylej, jok'lej, malayej, malayvanej. 

if 'a ma ti, Ha'uk te. 

impossible be impossible: mo Hu'. 

intend intend lo do: 'ak' 'olonton, 'ak' ta 'olonton. 

intention ch'akel 'olonton. 

involuntarily 'ok'elal. 

legal decide a legal case: ch'ak. 

let 'ak'. 

not let: mo 'ipuk. 

lose lose bet (or) game: 'aleyat 

luck 'es, balam, ch'ulelil, Hech ch'ulel, 

meet meet unexpectedly: nup, 

meet unexpectedly at work or al war: nuptan, 

nupul-bein, 

motive ba k'op, likeb k'op, t'abeb k'op. 

give the motive for: 'ibeltas. 

no in no way: toj mo. 

under no cfrcumstances: toj mo. 

obligation 'ak'el ba. 

obligatory tzajal. 

omen k'in. 

opportune ta'al 'oy. 

be opportune: tuun 'oy. 

opportunity 'a'yej, k'inal tuunel. 

outcome tzutzeb. 

perhaps van. 

permission takel ta 'ich'el tza, takivanej. 

give permission: taki. 

permission one gives: takiej. 

permission one receives: takiel. 

permit 'ak', mo komes, mo pajes, takbey. 

persuade 'a'ibey k'op, tzitz, jul, lUces, t'abes. 

persuaded be persuaded: t'ab. 

persuader jlikesvanej, jt'abesej-k'op. 

possibUity vesvanej, Hu'el. 

possible be possible: Hu' pasel, Hu' Hechuk pasuk. 

prevent prevent person from doing sometiiing good 

or bad: pajes. 

provable batz'ijesel ta j'ilojel. 

resolve 

therefore 

though 

time 

unexpectedly 

unjust 

unjustified 

want 

way 

why 

will 

willpower 

wish 

be provable: Hu' na'el. 

na', pas. 

weaken in one's resolve: chibaj 'olonton, 

k'un-yamaj 'olonton. 

'u'un. Ha' ta koj. 

even though: Hechuk 'ox pisil, Hechuk pisil. 

opportune time: k'inal, k'inil. 

•ja'al. 

mo 'utzuk, mo meleluk, mo tojoluk. 

naka 'altik. 

k'an, tak*. 

pasel, Hech pasel. 

in this way: Hech 'ilel. 

in whatever way: k'usiuk no 'ox cha'leybU. 

way of Ufe: Hech talel. 

that's why: Ha' 'u'un. Ha' koj. 

that's why not Ha' koj mo'oj. 

k'anvanab, k'op 'olonton, naka 'olonton no 

'ox, talel ta 'olonton. 

k'anvanab. 

not wish: mo lak'. 

18. Life cycle and famUy 

biography 

family 

generation 

household 

life 

live 

living 

vokolil. 

k'ulej, k'uyul, naU, naklej, vinkUel. 

have a good famUy: 'utz ta nail, 'utz te vinik 

chi'il ta naklej, 'utz te vinUc chi'uk ta 

naklej, 'utz te vinik junjun na chi'uk, 

famiUa. 

second generation: cha'-tz'akal maletUc. 

live in the same household with: lak'-nain 

ba, jlak'-na ba. 

member of tiie same household: jlak'-na. 

'ilel 'osil, xanbal. 

'U 'osU. 

be living: kuxul xanav. 

18.A. Bfrth 

abort 'et'es, yal 'u'un, yales. 

afterbfrth me' 'olol. 

barren nap'ey. 

big-beUied be big-belUed (pregnant woman): benet, 

t'enet, t'uket 

birtii 'alajel, vinkilayel. 

give birth: vinkilaj. 

give birth (woman): 'alaj, 'alan. 

have a breech bfrtii: va'al vinkilaj. 

born be born: 'ayan, 'osUaj, vinkilay. 

born of a woman: 'alanbU. 

cold post-partum cold or cold sickness tiiat 

women frequentiy suffer: yax-chelul, 

conceive (woman): 'alaj. 
NUMBER 31 599 

engender 

engenderer 

ewe 

ffrstbom 

hateh 

hatehed 

impregnate 

impregnated 

midwife 

milk 

multiplier 

placenta 

pregnant 

umbilical 

woman 

womb 

vinkiltas. 

(man): nich'naj, luch'nan. 

nich'najon, jvinkiltasvanej. 

ewe that has given birth: 'alnom tux-nok' 

chij, tux-nok' chijil 'alnom. 

(of a man): ba nich'nal, ba nich'on. 

(of a woman): baj'alanel, ba la 'alanel. 

'och, 'oy vinUc. 

patiebinbil. 

be hatehed: 'oy vinkilel. 

kola'ajes. 

be impregnated: kola'aj. 

jtam-'unen. 

woman's miUc: chu' 'antz. 

jp'olesvanej. 

k'u', me' 'olol. 

kolo'. 

become pregnant: kola'aj. 

pregnant woman: kola'al 'antz, yaya 'antz. 

umbilical cord: mixik'U. 

woman in ffrst labor: j'alal-'antz. 

woman who has given birth: 'alnom. 

'alajebal. 

18,B, Childhcx)d and maturity. See also kin terms 18F. 

age 

baby 

boy 

boyhood 

butt 

carry 

child 

childhood 

chUdish 

chUdishness 

custodian 

giri 

be of age: ta k'inal. 

newborn baby: tzajal 'olol. 

niu-sing baby: jchu'unel 'unen. 

kelem. 

be a full-grown boy: paj ch'iel kelem. 

become a full-grown boy: la 'okel kelmal. 

boy with changing voice: vok' nuk'ul kelem. 

grown boy: tzatzal kelem, mitic'ta kelem. 

yijil kelem. 

young boy: bik'tal kelem, ch'iom kelem. 

reach boyhcxxl: kelmay. 

butt heads together (boys): t'is-joli ba. 

carry in one's arms as chUcfren: pet 

'unen, 'unen 'olol. 

(metaphorically): ch'ich'el, k'elom, nich, sat 

child whose father died before he was born: 

nich k'ok'. 

fatiierless child: jcham-tot. 

motiierless child: jcham-me'. 

newborn: chu'uneb 'olol. 

nursing child: chu'unom. 

'unetikil. 

childhood companion: 'ix ta kelmal. 

act childish: 'unetiki ba, tajim. 

chUdish act: 'unetikil pasnej. 

'unetikil. 

(of an orphan): jchabiomal-me'on. 

tzeb. 

gfrtfriend 

gfrUiood 

grow 

guardian 

infancy 

infant 

jump 

kiss 

maiden 

maidenhcxxl 

marriageable 

mature 

maturity 

minor 

murder 

nurse 

raise 

roll 

seven 

sin 

spanking 

sfrong 

suck 

talk 

tootii 

virgin 

wean 

weaned 

wemurse 

young 

be a full-grown gfrl: paj ch'iel tzeb. 

become a full-grown gfrl: ta 'okel tzeb. 

young gfrl: bUc'tal tzeb, ch'iom tzeb. 

'ajmul. 

tzebal. 

reach gfrlhcxxl: tzebay. 

ch'i, pas ba. 

grow up: ch'i batel. 

jchabivanej. 

tzajal 'unetUcil. 

feUow in infancy: 'ix ta 'unetUcil. 

'unen. 

jump up in tiie afr (as when dancing or when 

boys jump for joy): lut', p'U. 

kiss repeatedly (as mother to her chUd): 

nulUan. 

tzeb. 

reach maidenhcxid: la tzebal. 

reach marriageable age: ta k'inal nupunel. 

nearly mature: k'otebal ta 'okel. 

(age of cUscretion): k'inal 4ulel 'olonton. 

(fuU grown): 'okel. 

reach maturity: k'ot ta 'okel. 

'oy jchabiomal, chabibU lo, ta ch'iel to. 

be a minor (having a guardian): mu lo k'ot 

ta 'okel, mu to ta lak'in chabi ba tuk, mu 

to ta tak'in k'ulej tuk. 

man who murders his child: jtzamesej 

nich'on. 

'ak'bey chu', chu'un, chu'untas. 

(chUd, dog, horse): tz'itas, ch'itas. 

(chUcfren, horses): mak'lin. 

roll around (lUce chUd with temper tantmm): 

balet 

roll around (like chUdren who throw themselves to tiie ground in a temper): balan 

ba. 

seven years old: Huk-'abi. 

girlhocxi sin: tzebal mul. 

pak'el ta majel chak, pak'el ta majel nakleb. 

become sfrong (sun, rain, wind, chUd): 'ipaj. 

show desire to suck (baby): tzobtzob tzobilan. 

childish talk: 'unetikU k'op. 

ingenuous or sfraightforward taUc (when one 

speaks plainly Uke a child): tuk'avil k'op. 

have new tootii grow in: ch'i 'e, ch'i k'exol 

'e. 

'utzil 'antz, batz'i tzeb, tzeel tzeb, kuxul tzeb. 

ch'anantas ta chu'. 

be weaned: 'Uctay chu', kom chu' 'u'un. 

jchu'untasvanej. 

bik'tal. 

(grow young): kelmay, k'ak'al-kelmay. 
600 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

youth kelem, kelmal. 

18.C. Sex, sexual discrimination, beliefs, practices 

abort 

adiUterer 

adulteress 

adultery 

affafr 

afterbirth 

brotiiel 

chaste 

chastity 

concubine 

deflower 

desfre 

engender 

engenderer 

female 

fiUy 

ffrstbom 

fuck 

godmother 

hafr 

he 

hemorrhaging 

her 

hermaphrodite 

hers 

him 

his 

homosexual 

'et'es. yal 'u'un, yales. 

mulavej 'ajnilal, •jxap-'ajnUal. 

mulavil 'ajnUal, 

(man's): mulavej ta 'ajnUal, 

(woman's): mulavej ta malalU, 

commit adultery: mulav ta 'ajrulal, •xap 

'ajnilal, 

person who has an affafr: mulavil, 

me' 'olol, 

mul na, mulaveb na, mulavU na. 

be chaste: 'utz chabi bek'tal. 

chaste woman: pokbU xanav 'antz, t'ujum 

xanav 'antz. 

pokbU xanbal, t'ujum xanbal. 

'ajmul, 'ix ta majel. 

have a concubine: 'ajmulin, 'oy 'ajmul, 

majav. 

jambey bek'tal, jat 

k'upin. 

arouse another's desfre: 'ak' k'upin. 

desfre that one feels: k'upinvanej. 

lustful desfre: mulal k'upinvanej. 

object of one's desfre: k'upinej. 

vinkiltas. 

(man): nich'naj, luch'nan. 

nich'najon, jvinkiltasvanej. 

female of any species: 'antz. 

tzeb cabaUo. 

(of a man): ba nich'nal, ba nich'on. 

(of a woman): baj'alanel, ba ta 'alanel. 

(have relations, a man with a woman, using 

a clear term): kob. 

baptismal godmother: me' ta 'a'al dios. 

pubic hair: tzisanU. 

Ha'. 

he himsetf: toj tuk, toj Ha', 

uterine hemorrhaging: ta xa ch'ich' yaxaub. 

by or for her: 'u'un. 

'anlzU xinch'ok, 'atil 'antz, xinch'okU 'antz. 

'u'un. 

by or for him: 'u'un. 

'u'un. 

active homosexual: jkob-xinch'ok, •jxapxinch'ok. 

have homosexual relations with another 

woman: patan ba chi'uk 'antz, patiebin 

'antz. 

having homosexual relations with another 

woman: patan. 

passive homosexual: jkobel-xinch'ok. 

hood woman's hcxxl: toca. 

husband malalU, xinch'okil, val-te', 

gfrUiocxi husband: tzebal malal. 

take a husband: val-te'in. 

take a husband (before celebrating the 

wedding): val-te'ij. 

impotent be impotent: mo Hu' 'u'un, 

impregnate kola'ajes, 

impregnated be impregnated: kola'aj. 

incontinence mo lekuk xanbal, mulal xanbal. 

incontinent mo to jaka 'Uctayvan, Ha' te mo lekuk xanav, 

Ha' te mo pokbiluk xanave, 

be incontinent: mu t'ujumuk xanbal, 

kiss 'utz'i ni', 'utz'ibey ni', 'utz'iel ni', nup, 

kissing repeated kissing: nuUlanel, 

lady 'ajvalel pop tz'omol, x'ojov, xep. 

legitimize (man): nich'nan. 

lover jjol-'Uvanej. 

(male or female): •val-te'. 

lover of: jjalal 'U . 

lust bek'tal mul, bek'tal mulavej, bek'tal muUl. 

bek'tal-mulav. mulal-xanav. 

lustful toj mulavil. 

be lustful: majav. 

male xinch'ok. 

man xinch'ok. 

old man: mool. 

wrinkled old man: nukultUc sat mool. 

manliness xinch'oklel. 

mare 'anlzU cabaUo. 

marriage marriage of a woman: malinel. 

married married woman, wife: 'ajnilal. 

marry (man): 'ajnUaj, 'ajnUan, ni'atzij. 

(woman): maUn. 

masturbate pUc bek'tal, •Hel ba. 

(man): ch'oj te'. 

(woman): ch'op ba, ch'op bek'tal. 

mate (birds): tek' ba. 

(horses, dogs): kuch ba. 

mafron xep. 

menses ch'ich'. 

menstmal have menstmal period: lok' ch'ich'el 'il. 

menstmate 'ilomaj. 

menstmation 'ilomajel, k'un 'isim. 

mermaid 'antzU vinUc. 

midwife jtam-'unen. 

misfress (1) misfress of slaves: x'ojov. 

misfress of the house: ba jk'ulej, ba jk'ulej 

tana, 

misfress (2) 'ajmul, 'ix ta majel. 

motiier me'U. 

mother-in-law man's mother-in-law: ni'. 

mount (mating animals, dogs, horses): lut'lij muyel, 

ta lotz'el kuch ba. 
NUMBER 31 601 

multiplier 

nephew 

niece 

old 

orphan 

pander 

parents-in-law 

penis 

pimp 

placenta 

pleasure 

pregnant 

prince 

princess 

queen 

rape 

raped 

rapist 

sexual 

she 

sin 

slave 

son 

son-in-law 

spouse 

stallion 

StepchUd 

jp'olesvanej. 

man's nephew: 'ichok'U. 

woman's nephew (sister's son): 'aljun. 

man's niece: 'ichok'U. 

woman's luece (sister's daughter): 'aljun. 

grow old (man): malub. 

grow old (woman): me'elub. 

old age (of a man): malubel. 

old age (of a woman): me'elal. 

fatiierless orphan: ma'-tot me'on. 

motiierless orphan: ma'-me' me'on. 

'ik'van, muktal-'Uc'van, mukul-'Uc'van. 

(woman's): 'alib. 

'atil, xinch'okU bek*tal. 

(poUte term): xinch*oklel. 

j'Uc* vanej, jUi-'atil vinUc, mulal-xanav, mulavil kelem, jmukul-'Uc*vanej, Hovi-xanav, 

Hovil kelem. 

k'u', me' 'olol. 

carnal pleasure: muil bek'tal. 

indulge in carnal pleasure: bek'tal muib. 

kolo'. 

become pregnant kola'aj. 

pregnant woman: kola'al 'antz, yaya 'antz. 

ba nich'on 'ojov, nich'on 'ojov. 

ba 'antzU nich'on 'ojov. 

x'ojov. xep. 

tzajal-poch'i. pojbil cha'ley, poch'i, poch'ibU 

cha'ley, poj. 

tzajal poch'ibU. 

be raped: tzajal pojbU cha'leat pojbU cha'leyat, 

p(x:h'ibU cha'leat 

jtzajal poch'i 'antz. jtzajal poj 'antz. 

have sexual relations witii: 'U bek'tal. 'Ubey 

bek'tal, nop bek'tal chi'uk, •xap. 

male or female sexual parts: k'exlal bek'tal. 

Ha'. 

girlhood sin: tzebal mul. 

womanly sin: 'antzil mul. 

female slave: 'antzil mu'nat 

man's son: xinch'ok nich'on, xinch'okil 

nich'nal. xinch'okil nich'on. 

woman's father's or mother's brother's son 

if older than she: xibnelU. 

woman's maternal or paternal uncle's son (if 

younger than she): miUdl. 

woman's son: xinch'ok 'ol. xinch'okU 'ol. 

man's son-in-law: ni'U, 

(man or woman): nup, 

breeding staUion: mulav caballo, nich'naj 

caballo, 

horse that lakes mares: japivan caballo, 

man's stepchild: jun nich'on, 

woman's stepchild: 'aljun. 

sterile 

sterility 

talk 

testicle 

uterine 

vagina 

vfrgin 

virginity 

wedding 

whore 

whoremaster 

whoring 

wife 

woman 

womb 

nap'e. toj te'. 

become sterile: 'och ta nap'eil. nap'ey. 

nap'eU, nap'eyel. 

lustful talk: mulal k'op. 

womanly talk: 'antzil k'op. 

tonilU, 

uterine flux: naka Ho' ch'ich'. 

'antzUel, lu'U, yaxal bek'tal. 

'utzil 'antz, batz'i tzeb. tzeel tzeb. kuxul tzeb. 

tzeel tzebal, kuxiU tzebalil. 

man's wedding: ni'atzel, ni'atzijel. 

'ix ta majel. kobvan. jkobel, majavU 'antz. 

mulav, mulavil 'antz. 

become a whore: majav. 

jkobvanej, mulavU xinch'ok. 

go whoring: majav. 

take a wife (before celebrating the wedding): 

val-te'ij. 

'antz. 

barren woman: xinch'okil 'antz. 

manly woman: xinch'ok 'olonton 'antz. 

old woman: me'el. 

woman in fu-st labor: j'alal-'antz. 

woman who has given bfrth: 'alnom. 

'alajebal. 

18.D, Marriage 

bachelor 

bachelorhood 

bridal 

bride 

deflower 

dowry 

girtfriend 

godmother 

groom 

husband 

marriage 

marriageable 

married 

marry 

kelem. 

mu lekav xanbal, Hech no 'ox xanbal. 

reach bachelorhood: la k'inal na. 

bridal chamber: tz'alav na jnupunel, nail 

pop, vayeb jnupunel. 

'ach' j'ich'el. 

jambey bek'tal, jat 

yolob te'. 

give a dowry to: 'ak'bey yolob te'. 

'ajmul. 

wedding godmother: me'U ta nupunel. 

'ach' ni'atz, 'ach' ni'atzU. 

take a husband: val-te'in. 

lake a husband (before celebrating the 

wedding): val-te'ij. 

nupunel. 

marriage book: Hun nupunel. 

marriage of a woman: malinel. 

marriage partner: 'ix ta •tzaatil. 

reach marriageable age: la k'inal nupunel. 

•tzaal. 

be married: tojob. 

married woman, wife: 'ajnilal. 

nupultas. 

(man): 'ajnilaj, 'ajnUan, ni'atzij. 

(woman): malin. 
602 SMTTHSONL\N CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

matchmaker 

matrimonial 

newlywed 

petition 

petitioner 

spinsterhocxl 

spouse 

unmarried 

wedding 

wife 

marry in the chtu-ch: nupun. 

jnupultasvanej. 

nupunebal. 

'ach'j'ich'el, 'ach' ni'atz. 'ach' ni'atzU. 

•'akan-'oltayvanej. k'anoj. 

jk'anbol. 

mu lekav xanbal. 

(man or woman): nup. 

mu lekav, 

be unmarried: naka no 'ox xanav. 

nupunel, 

man's wedding: ni'atzel, ni'atzijel, 

proclaim wedcUng banns (as when they 

display those who are getting married): 

ye. 

take a wife: val-te'in. 

take a wife (before celebrating the wedding): 

val-te'ij. 

disinter 

drown 

drowning 

epitaph 

escape 

escaped 

glands 

grave 

gravestone 

hanging 

heaven 

hell 

18.E. Old age, death, wiUs, inheritance 

abort 

aging 

All 

bequeath 

bier 

boundary 

bm-y 

clothes 

dead 

deadly 

death 

die 

'et'es, yal 'u'un, yales. 

(of a woman): me'elubel. 

All Saints' Day: k'in chame-vinUc, 

All Souls' Day: k'in chame-vinik, 

'al, taki, 

k'echobU chame-vinik, 

mark boundaries of inherited land: ch'ak 

lum, 

bury dead person: muk jchamel. 

remove mourning clothes: 'olan ta ch'ob. 

chamal. 

be absolutely dead: lajel cham. 

be dead: ch'ay, ch'ay 'Uc', laj. 

dead person: chame-vinUc, jchamel, jch'ayel, 

jlajel. 

hatf-dead: 'olbaj chamuk, k'an chamel. 

nearly dead person: lut'um-'e vinUc. 

deadly herb: jtzamesvanej pox, 

deadly thing: jtzamesvanej. 

'olanel, chamel, ch'ayel, lajel. 

be sentenced to death: cham ta yan. 

cmel death: k'uxul chamel. ma'-ba chamel. 

feign death: pak'tay ba la jchamel. 

near death: ch'akebal 'ik'. lajebal, tas 'olonton. 

passage of death: 'olanebal. chamebal. 

person who feigns death: Ha' le pak'tay ba 

ta tup'el 'Uc'. 

put lo death: 'olantas. 

'olan, cham, ch'ay, ch'ay 'Uc', laj. 

die of starvation: cham ta vi'nal. 

die of the cold: cham ta sik. 

die of thfrst: cham ta taki-ti'U. 

hellffre 

hung 

hurl 

iU 

inheritance 

kiU 

kiUer 

killing 

legacy 

life 

limbo 

live 

long-lasting 

long-lived 

man 

martyr 

martyrdom 

memorial 

jotz'. 

jUc'av. 

jUc'avel. 

tz'ib, k'oplal. 

escape death: kol ta chamel. 

escaped from being killed: kol-miluk. 

escaped from being killed: kol-majuk. 

escaped from death: kol-chamuk. 

fatal swelUng of the glands: jtzamesvanej 

chamel. 

mukenal. 

have one's grave removed: k'exbil mukenal. 

move one's grave: k'exbey mukenal. 

popol ton. 

(said of a poor person, an orphan): lich'il. 

'utzibeb, 'utzibebal, muibeb. muibebal, nichimajeb, nichimajebal. 

chamebal. 

(particularly of the damned): chan-kajal na. 

(where the bones are burnt): k'atin-bak. 

person in hell: k'atin-bakU vinUc. 

k'atin-bakU 'Uc'ti', k'atin-bakU 'il ya, k'atinbakil vokol, k'atin-bakil ya. 

place where object or person is hung: 

lUcanab, likanabil. 

hurl oneself off a citff: yalp'un ba, yokin ba, 

hurl person off a cUff: yalp'un ta ch'en, yokin 

ta ch'en, 

be fatally iU: batz'i ch'ay, batz'i laj. 

poko' bel nail. 

tzames, tzamesvan, cham 'u'un. 

kiU by culling to pieces: ch'uyUan-tzames, 

jatulan-tzames, sesen-tzames. 

kiU freacherously: muktal-tzames. 

person who kiUs us: 'ajval. 

jtzamesej, jtzamesvanej. 

secret kUling: mukulmukul tzamesvanej. 

takiej. 

bring back to life: kuxan. 

come back to life: kux, kuxol, kuxolaj. 

chamebal. 

live a long time: nat bat, nat natij. 

be long-lasting: mo sobuk 'olan, mo sobuk 

laj. 

be long-Uved: 'ep 'U 'osU, nat 'il 'osil, nat 

xanav, nat xanav ta balumil, nat xanbal, 

nat tal. 

long-lived person: poko' vinik. 

old man: mool. 

wrinkled old man: nukultik sat mool. 

jlzatzal-ch'uunvanej. 

'ilel vokol 'u'un dios, tzamesel 'u'un dios 

cham, yaijesel 'u'un dios. 

na'obil k'usitUcuk. 
NUMBER 31 603 

mortal 

mortality 

mourning 

murder 

murderer 

obsequies 

old 

orphaned 

ossuary 

pafricide 

pafrimony 

poison 

poisoned 

pretend 

primogeniture 

purgatory 

sacrifice 

sentenced 

short-lived 

shroud 

shrouder 

starve 

stiffen 

sfrangle 

sfrangled 

tomb 

jchamel. 

be mortal: cham 'u'un. 

mortal creatifre: jlajel. 

chamel. 

(archaic term now replaced by chamel): 

pukuj. 

dress in mourning: 'Uc'ub 'u'un chame-vinUc, 

chabaj ta 'ik'al pok', lap 'Uc'al pok'. 

mourning clothes: 'Uc'al pok', chabajeb 

k'u'ul, chabajebal k'u'ul, chabal k'u'ul. 

remove mourning clotiies: 'iktay 'ik'al pok', 

lok' la 'Uc'al pok'. 

man who miu-ders his child: jtzamesej 

nich'on. 

jtzamesej, jtzamesvanej. 

freacherous murderer: jmuktal-tzamesvanej. 

'aboltayel chame-vinik, 'aboltayel ch'ulelU. 

perform obsequies: 'aboltaybey ch'ulel. 

grow old (man): malub. 

grow old (woman): me'elub. 

old age: malelal. 

old age (of a man): malubel. 

old age (of a woman): me'elal. 

old person: poko' vinik, yijU vinUc. 

person in charge of homeless women or 

widows: jtzoyleb, jjok'leb. 

'ak'ob bak, tzobob bak, tzobojeb bak. 

jtzamesej tot. 

chamebal naU. 

'ak'bey 'uch* kola'al pox, jtzamesvanej pox, 

komes kola'al 'e, komes kola'al ti'. 

poison drink: kola'al pox. 

poxtaybU. 

be poisoned: 'uch* kola'al pox. 

pretend to kUl: maxil-mU. 

Ha' yal ta pop ta tz'omol tot. 

chamebal, purgatorio. 

(where one's sins are paid for after this Ufe): 

'ox-kajal na la chamebal, tojob mulU. 

human sacrifice: kupvanej la moton ch'u. 

sacrifice people: kup, kupvan. 

be sentenced to death: ch'ak tzamesel. 

k'ox. 

pix chame-vinUc, pbcobU chame-vinik, vol 

ta pok', volobil chame-vinUc. 

jpix chame vinik. 

starve to death: 'uch'uy. 

(corpse): •te'-xochtay, te'ub. 

jiban, mU. 

jibbil, milbU. 

animal or person being sfrangled: miloj. 

sfrangled animal or person: mUben. 

•pun-te' chame-vinik, tumba. 

stone tomb: •pun te' ton chame-vinUc. 

free 

tumor 

unction 

wake 

wealth 

widow 

widower 

will 

win 

woman 

wrinkled 

dead free: taki-te'. 

fatal tumon ch'amojel chamel. 

exfreme unction: t'abel. 

'ilel 'ak'abal, julayel. 

increase one's wealth (as in wUIs some are 

more improved than others): p'Uil 'aboltay. 

'iktalep. 

be widowed: 'iktalepay. 

person in charge of widows: jtzoyleb, jjok'leb. 

•te'el chol. 

tz'akubtasel testamento, testamento. Ha' le 

jok'anbeat 

make a wiU: pas testamento. 

(inheritance, lottery): lekon. 

old woman: me'el. 

wrinkled old man: tzu'utUc sat mool. 

18.F. Kin terms, genealogy. See also birth 18A and 

marriage 18D. 

adopt 

adopted 

age 

agemate 

aunt 

brotiier 

chUd 

(man): nich'nan. 

(woman): 'alan. 

nich'nanbil. 

be of the same age: ko'ol 'abU, ko'ol 'epal 

'abU, ko'ol ch'i, ko'ol ch'iel. 

'ix ta ch'iel. 

(mother's sister): jun me'U. 

great aunt (grandmotiier's sister): jun me'U. 

woman's paternal aunt (if younger than ego): 

mukil. 

man's elder brother: bankilal. 

man's younger brother: 'itz'inal. 

mother's brother: Hom. 

woman's elder brother: xibneUl. 

woman's younger brother: mukil. 

fatiier's sister's chUd, mother's sister's child: 

'ix me'elU. 

legitimized bastard chUd: melel nich'nab. 

man's bastard chUd: mulal nich'nal, mulal 

nich'on. 

man's child: nich'nal, nich'onU. 

man's ffrstbom: ba'yi nich'nal, ba'yi nich'onU. 

man's only child: juyinom nich'nal, juyinom 

nich'on. 

man's second chUd: cha'-va'al nich'nal, 

cha'-va'al nich'on. 

man's youngest child: k'oxU nich'nal, k'oxU 

nich'non. 

woman's brother's child (if older tiian ego): 

xibnelU. 

woman's brotiier's chUd (if younger than 

ego): mukU. 

woman's child: 'alal, 'olol. 

woman's ffrst chUd: ba 'ol, tzebal 'olol. 
604 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

cousin 

daughter 

daughter-inlaw 

cUfferent 

father 

fatiier-in-law 

genealogy 

generation 

godmother 

grandchild 

grandfatiier 

grandmother 

great-grandchild 

great-grandfather 

great-grandmother 

husband 

kin 

kinsman 

lineage 

look 

motiier 

mother-in-law 

name 

nephew 

woman's last child: k'oxU 'olol, 

woman's only chUd: juyinom 'olol. 

woman's second child: cha'-va'al 'olol. 

'ix me'elil. 

man's father's brother's daughter when 

younger than he:. 

man's father's brother's daughter when 

younger than he, motiier's brother's daughter when younger than he: 'ixlel 'ixlel tot, 

•ixleUl. 

man's fatiier's or mother's brother*s daughter 

when older than he: vixil. 

woman*s daughten 'antzU 'olol. 

'aUb. 

(especiaUy counting Uneages): k*ejel. 

totil. 

man's father-in-law: ni'. 

tz'unbal, chojol, j-choj ta vinik, j-tos la vinUc, 

j-vol la vinUc, tasal, valel. 

be of the same generation: jun ta maletik, jim 

tamool. 

first generation: j-lz'ok maletik. 

baptismal godmother: me' la 'a'al dios, me'il 

ta bautismo. 

man's grandchild: mom. 

woman's grandchUd: 'i. 

muk'ta tot. 

muk'ta me', 

man's great grandchild: cha'-mom. 

woman's great grandchUd: cha'-'i. 

cha' muk'ta tot, cha'-va'al muk'ta tol. 

cha' muk'ta me', cha'-va'al muk'ta me'. 

malalU. xinch'okil, val-te'. 

gfrlhood husband: tzebal malal. 

ritual kin of baptism: chi'U ta 'a'al dios. 

ritual kin of baptism or confirmation: chi'il 

ta na dios, jalal chi'U. 

ritual kin of conffrmation: chi'U ta conffrmacion. 

ritual kinsman: ch'uul chi'il. 

j-tek, tasal, tekel. tos. 

lineage name: tasal biil. 

look lUce (one's father or mother): lok'. 

me'il. 

man's mother-in-law: ni'. 

'ak'bey bi. biil, biUtas, kuy, tij la 'alel. 

call by name: biiltas-'ik'. 

family name: jol bul, joUmal bul. 

man's nephew: 'ichok'U. 

woman's nephew (sister's son): 'aljun. 

niece 

orphan 

parents-in-law 

related 

relationship 

relative 

sister 

son 

son-in-law 

stepchild 

stepmother 

succeeded 

successor 

surname 

tribe 

uncle 

wife 

man's niece: 'ichok'il. 

woman's niece (sister's daughter): 'aljun. 

me'on. 

be an orphan: mo 'oyuk tot mo 'oyuk me'. 

fatiierless orphan: ma'-tot me'on. 

guarcUanship of an orphan: chabiel me'on. 

motherless orphan: ma'-me' me'on. 

(woman's): 'alib. 

closely related: nap'al, 

blocxi relationship: 'ibel, chi'U k'el 'oy, 

chojol, likebal. talel, tasal, valal. 

'alal. nap'al. ncx:hol. 

be a close relative of: 'utz' ba, 

close relative (descended from a single stock 

or Uneage): 'utz'. 

father's sister: vixU, 

grandfather's sister: vixil, 

older sisten vixil, 

woman's father's sisten vix 'ixlel tot 

woman's younger sister: mukil, 

man's son: xinch'ok nich'on. xinch'okU 

nich'nal, xinch'okil nich'on, 

woman's father's or mother's brother's son 

if older than she: xibnelU, 

woman's maternal or paternal uncle's son (if 

younger than she): miUcil, 

woman's son: xinch'ok 'ol, xinch'okU 'ol, 

man's son-in-law: ni'il, 

man's stepchild: jun nich'on. 

woman's stepchild: 'aljun, 

jun me'il, 

be succeeded by: k'exey batel, 

k'exolU. lok'ol, 

jol biU. k'atajeb bul, sutejeb biU, talel, tasal, 

vinajeb bi, vinajeb biU, yaya bul. 

(of the tribes that they once had): jolimal biil. 

native tribe: joUmal. 

tribe of origin: tasal. tos. 

(fatiier's brother): jun totil. 

great uncle (grandfather's brotiier): jun muk'ta 

totil. 

'ajnilal, val-te'. 

19. Towns, inhabitants, land and land tenure 

abandon 

backward 

botii 

census 

Chamula 

Chenalho 

Chiapa 

abandon one's town: kom ta na, •Iu. 

backward people (who live in the towns 

behind Zinacantan as Chamula): patilal 

vinik. 

(towns): cha'-tek. 

take census: 'ak' ta Hun bi, 'otes ta Hun biU. 

Chamo', San Juan. 

San Pedro. 

Soktom. 
NUMBER 31 605 

city 

community 

country 

empfre 

foreign 

foreigner 

forest 

founder 

France 

grow 

hamlet 

kingdom 

Mexico 

mountain 

nation 

Negro 

outskfrts 

parish 

parishioner 

population 

princedom 

province 

region 

settiement 

settier 

site 

Spaniard 

Sfranger 

sfreet 

suburb 

territory 

town 

tiibe 

waU 

wasteland 

wilderness 

Zacatlan 

Zinacantan 

miUc'ta j-tek lum, muk'ta k'ulej, muk'ta lum. 

'ol. 

native country: lumal, na. yo' 'oy ch'i. yo' 

'oy vinkUay. 

'ajvalel emperador. 

bet'bil, j-tek ta lum talel, jakal, jakal talel. 

lekbil. nom. nom na, nom talel, 

bet'oj vinik, lekoj vinUc, nam-tal vinik. 

forest dwellen jk'ulej ta te'tik, te'tikU vinUc, 

town founders: ba'yi vinUc, yanilalik vinUc, 

Francia, 

(town): 'epaj na. 

'alal j-tek lum, bUc'tal lum, nich'nal j-tek 

lum. 

hamlet dweUer: 'alal vinik, nich'nal vinik. 

'ajvalel. 

Mexico City: Tzekil. 

native of Mexico City: ta TzekU na. 

mountain dweUer: ba-vilzil vinik. 

j-tek, tos. 

Negro from Gumea: j'Uc'al. 

ti' nanatik. 

teklej. 

native parish: jolimal. 

parish of origin: tasal, tos. 

jteklej. 

'epal na. 

princedom of the world: 'ajvalel kotol 'osil, 

'ajvalel ta kotol 'osU, jolinej kotol 'osil. 

j-tek ta *osU. j-tek ta lumal, j-tek ta vinUc, 

j-tos ta vinik. 

'osil. 

naivej. 

(who builds houses): naivil. 

house site: 'av na. 

site of abandoned town: 'av nanatUc. 

town site: 'av j-tek lum. 

ta CastiUa na. 

mo li'uk na. 

'ol nanatik. 

ti' nanatikU na. 

lekoj, nopol, vinkUel. 

'epal na, j-tek k'ulej, j-tek lum. 

found a town: likes j-tek lum. 

waUed town: tenam-tonibil j-tek lum. 

native tribe: joUmal. 

tribe of origin: tasal, tos. 

town waU: tenam ton. 

uninhabited wasteland: xokol 'osU. 

uninhabited wilderness: 'ol 'osil, te'tUc. 

(Ciudad Real): Jobel. 

'Ik'al 'Ojov, Sotz' Leb. 

19.A. Residence and hospitality 

guest 

home 

honored 

host 

hostel 

house 

household 

inhabit 

inhabitant 

inn 

innkeeper 

invite 

invited 

live 

lodge 

lodging 

master 

move 

neighbor 

neighboring 

overnight 

provide 

provider 

publican 

receive 

received 

reception 

rent 

'ulo', 'ulovil, pa'i. 

guest who lodges in one's house: 'ix kelemU. 

receive a guest 'ula'an, 'ulo'in. 

vinkilel. 

feel at home: nop 'osU 'a'i. 

feel right at home: toj nopel 'osU 'a'i. 

feel honored (as when we say we feel 

honored to be visited): ch'uunel 'a'i. 

banquet host jba'yitajel ta ve'el. 

host who gives lodgings: j'ix-kelmajel. 

'ix-kehnajebal, vayebal. 

person who lives in another's house: jch'amna. 

live in tiie same household with: lak'-nain ba, jlak'-na ba. 

member of the same household: jlak'-na. 

k'ulebin, k'uyey, nain, naiv, nakey, naklebin. 

jnaklej. 

'ix-kelmajebal, vayebal, vayebal na. 

'ix-kelmajeb vinik. 

'ik', pa'i. 

invite to a meal: 'Uc* ta ve'el. 

pa'ibil. 

invited to a meal: 'Uc'bU. 

live in: naiv. 

live with another: 'oy chi'U la k'ulej. 

vayantas. 

vayal na. 

give lodgings to: 'ix-keUnan. 

take lodgings: 'ix-kelmaj, 'bc-kelman. 'och. 

vay. 

(or misfress) of the house: ba jk'ulej, ba 

jk'iUej ta na. 

move from one's house: 'iktay, 'iktay na. 

junjun no 'ox chi'uk, jlak'-na, nap'al, nochol. 

be a neighbor of: lak'-nain ba. jlak'-na ba. 

ncx:hol. nopol. 

(town): nap'al. 

overnight slay: vayebal. 

'elmajes, vinajes. 

provide clothes, food and Icxiging: mak'lin. 

provide for: tz'akubtas. 

provide for person in want: makbey me'anal. 

j'ayanajesvanej, j'elmajesvanej. 

jvayantasvanej, jvayijesvanej. 

receive or welcome visitor: nup. 

be received or welcomed with great pomp: 

toj 'utz nupey. 

nupol. 

'ak' ta ch'amunel, 'ak' la ch'om, ch'amun, 
606 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

reside 

residence 

resident 

residing 

roommate 

scx:iable 

solitary 

stay 

visit 

visited 

visitor 

welcome 

welcomer 

ch'amunabil, tojolil. 

apply rent 'ak' patan, k'ot 'ak' patan. 

k'otic'otes patan. 

pay rent: 'och patan 'u'un. 

rent out: ch'amun. 

k'ulebin, k'uyey, nain, naiv, nakav, nakey, 

naklebin. 

k'ulebal, k'ulej, naklebal, naklej. 

change residence: k'ex-nai, k'ex-naij, k'exnaijel, lik, Ukes. 

k'ulej, jnaklej, 

populator (as the Spaniards say they are the 

populators of this land): jk'ulej. 

nakal. 

'ix ta k'ulej. 

laal 'atil, laal 'utzU, 

S(x:iable person: 'atil vinUc, 'ulzU vinUc, 

juyinom la naklej, tuktuk ta naklej. 

slay overnight: 'olanabil. 

'ula'aj. 'ula'ajel. 'ula'al, 'ula'an, bal 'U. 

'UbU, 'ula'anbil. 

j'ula'ajel, j'ula'al. 

nupol. 

jnupol. 

alcalde 

aU-powerful 

annual 

appoint 

appointment 

assemble 

audience 

auditorium 

autiiority 

bad 

banish 

banished 

banner 

bribe 

bribery 

19,B, Land and land tenure 

boundary tz'ak lum, 

boundary between properties: tz'ak 'osil, 

boundary marker: tz'ak, ch'akobU lum, 

vok'obil lum. 

mark boundaries of inherited land: ch'ak 

lum. 

move in boundary markers on another's corn 

field: vetz' chobtik, vetz'bey chob. 

move in boundary markers on another's 

property: vetz' lum, vetz'bey lum. 

irrigated land: 'ulbaltik. 

land (Ustribution (as the Spaniards of this 

land have repartimientos): vinkilel. 

narrow plot of land: bik'it lum, mo muk'uk 

popol, yubul 'osU. 

occupy occupy another's property in a (Uspute: 

lekbey. 

payment order of payment for property: lok'esabil 

p'olmal Hun. 

plot plot of land: j-p'is lum, j-t'ob lum, j-t'ob 

lum, lum, 

repartimiento lekoj, 

surveyor jvok'-lum. 

20. Civil affafrs and social status 

adminisfration good adminisfration: melel 'osil. 

agreement iUicil agreement tzobol labal k'op. 

builder 

captive 

census 

chief 

civil 

communal 

comply 

constable 

cormption 

councU 

court 

courtesan 

crier 

custodian 

decline 

deputy 

detain 

(Urector 

document 

alcalde, jnam-te', 

deputy alcalde: jch'am-alcalde. jlok'tayalcalde. 

aU-powerful person: jvesej kotol. 

be aU-powerful: kotol Hu' 'u'un. 

annual office holder: 'abilal jch'akel, 

office holder (alcalde): ju-jun 'abil jch'akel, 

nakan, t'uj, va'an. 

t'ujel. va'anel. 

assemble people: mel vinik. pas vinik. 

assemble people (as in a procession): chol 

vinik. meltzan vinUc. 

royal audience: ch'akebal na, jch'akel. 

(place where they listen): 'a'iab, 'a'iabil. 

important authority: ch'uunbil vinik, k'exbil 

vinik. xi'bil vinik. 

(adminisfration or government): •Homol 

•vukiU. 

nutz, tak. 

banished person: takben. 

person being banished: takoj. 

bandera, lok'om, 

tzajal-'ak'bey, tzajal-tzitz, •votol-tzitz, 

tzajal 'ak'beyel k'op, tzajal tzitzvanej, 

official buUder: jch'ubajel, 

tzokil, 

bought captive: manbU mu'nat, mu'nat, 

take census: 'ak' ta Hun bi, 'otes ta Hun bul. 

'ajvetUc. ba'yitajel, ba'yitajel vinUc, jba'yitajel. 

request civil action (from the alcalde): 

k'anbey ch'akel. 

'ol. 

comply with the ordinances or mandates of 

the king or courthouse: chabi k'oplal. 

jnam-te'. 

tz'i'lejel, kola'al, ma'-bail. 

ch'akebal na, jch'akel. 

tz'omol yo' 'oy Hu' ch'akel. 

court of justice: nakleb yo' 'oy pas ch'akel, 

nak'ob k'op. 

ta tz'el 'ojov xanav, la na 'ojov xanav. 

town crier: j'ov. 

jchabiomal, jchabivanej. 

(of an orphan): jchabiomal-me'on. 

(in number, population, property or rank): 

vetz', 

jlok'tay, 

(of warden or governor): k'exol. 

(as when the alcalde does not let them go 

somewhere or a friend detains them): 

nakan, 

(who lines up people): jmel-vinik, jmeltzajesvanej, 

false dcx^ument: pak'-Hun, 

forge an official d(x:ument: p'is ta Hun 'ojov. 
NUMBER 31 607 

edict 

elector 

ensign 

establish 

faction 

fame 

famous 

ffrst 

flag 

foremost 

forest 

freedman 

gentieman 

govern 

government 

governor 

guard 

guardian 

hold 

important 

jurisdiction 

justice 

king 

kingdom 

laborer 

lady 

law 

lay 

league 

forged official document: pak'taybU ta Hun 

'ojov. 

forgery of an official document: pak'tayel ta 

Hun 'ojov, p'isel ta Hun 'ojov. 

nopben. 

jt'ujom, jva'anvanej. 

lok'om. 

lok' takiej. 

jechjech k'op, tasal k'op. 

head of a faction: jtasal-k'op. 

member of a faction: jechel vinUc. 

'a'yej, 'a'yejlal, na'el. 

'a'ibil, 'ip 'Uc', biUtasbU. bunem. na'bU. 

be famous: 'ip 'a'iel. 'ip 'a'yejlal. 'ip 'aley, 

'ip na'el. 

become famous: 'ip na'ey, japjonet 'Uc', 

japluj 'Uc'. 

become famous or iUustrious: bain. 

ffrst in rank: ba ta 'ajvalel. 

lok'om, lok'om pok'. 

foremost in rank: ba'yitajel. 

forest dweller: jk'ulej ta te'tik, te'tikU vinUc. 

kuxul vinik. te'el vinik, yaxal vinUc. 

tekpan vinik. 

chabi, ch'ak, k'opoj, pas patan. 

chabiomal, jchabiomal, jk'opojel, pasel 

ch'akel. 

gcxxl government melel 'osU, tojol 'osU. 

jchabiomal, jch'akel, jch*akel ta 'ol, jk*opojel 

ta'ol. 

jchabiomal, jchabivanej. 

jchabivanej. 

(alcalde* s staff, flyswatter): •chox. 

(official): 'ip 'Uc*al. 

be important (person of authority): namal ba. 

bet'oj, lekoj. t'ujoj. 

meltzajel. 

'ojov. ba 'ojov. batz'i 'ojov. muk' 'ojov, rey. 

become king: 'och ta 'ojov. 

'ajvalel. 

become a day laborer: 'och ta na 'ajval, chon 

ba. 

'ajvalel pop tz'omol, x'ojov, xep. 

takiej 'ojov. 

abolish a law: pajes takiej. 

administer a law: taki, takivan. 

annul one's law: lajes takiej. 

make a law: meltzanbey xanbal. 

natifral law: talel, talel takiel. 

town law: takiej, tekel lum takiej. 

(adobes, bricks, stones as the officials do): 

tz'al. 

'olaneb k'op. 

(between alUes): chukob k'op, laanejeb k'op. 

liberator 

liberty 

line 

lord 

lowborn 

majesty 

manager 

marquess 

mason 

master 

meeting 

merciful 

mUdly 

misfress 

nobUity 

noble 

nobleman 

office 

official 

jlok'vanej. 

kolel, kuxel, yaxubel. 

line up people as in a prcx;ession: mel vinUc, 

meltzan vinik, pas vinik. 

'ojov. 

be a sovereign lord: mo 'oyuk buy nup. 

become a lord: 'ajvay, ch'ak, k'opoj, ta 

'ajvalel. 

feUow lord: 'ix la 'ajvalel, 'ix ta 'ajvetikU. 

lord of slaves: 'ajvetik. 

sovereign: ba 'ojov. 

sovereign lord: junjun no 'ox tuk. 

take as one's lord or king: 'ojovin. 

ch'Uom vinUc, ch'ilomal vinik, voymoltikil 

vinUc. 

k'ak'al 'ik', toj nom 'ik'. 

jnUcesej-'osU, jnikesej-vinajel, jnikesvanej. 

marques. 

official mason: j'abtel. 

'ajval. 

(or misfress) of tiie house: ba jk'ulej, ba 

jk'iUej la na. 

become masten 'ajvay. 

master of slaves: 'ojov. 

lake as one's master: 'ajvalej, 'ajvaUn, 

tzoblej, tzobojel, •chanul k'op, ch'akob 

k'op. 

meeting place: tzoblebal, tzoblebal k'op. 

tzobojebal, pasob k'op. 

order of merciful acts that the Audience 

performs: lok'eb 'aboltayeb Hun. 

(cure, mle, punish): k'un, laan. 

misfress of slaves: x'ojov. 

misfress of the house: ba jk'ulej, ba jk'ulej 

tana. 

'atil, 'ajvalel, 'ajvetikU, 'utzU, tekpanU. 

rise to nobUity: 'ajvetUcij. 

'atil vinik, ba vinik. 

noble person: 'utzU vinUc. 

'ajvetik, 'ajvetikU vinUc. ^ 

'abtel, patan. 

be entmsted lo an office: 'albU patan. 

be in office: 'oy patan. 

change office (one entering, one leaving): 

k'ex ba. 

deprive of office: ch'anantas, jel, lok'es. 

entmst office to: 'ak'bey patan, 'albey patan. 

enfrust one's office to another: va'an k'exol. 

entmsted with an office: 'ak'beybil patan. 

'albil patan. 

public office: 'ol 'abtel, 'ol patan. 

select for office: t'uj. 

select person for office: va'an. 

j'abtel, jpatan. 
608 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

orphan 

orphaned 

palace 

patriarch 

pafrol 

position 

powerful 

predecessor 

prefect 

prince 

princedom 

princess 

protege 

pubUc 

queen 

rank 

register 

registered 

remember 

repartimiento 

reputation 

official who carries a staff of office: jnam-te'. 

town official: jpatan ta j-tek lum. 

guardianship of an orphan: chabiel me'on. 

person in charge of homeless women or 

widows: jtzoyleb. 

"ajvalel na, 'ajvayeb na. 

royal palace: na 'ojov, na tekpan. 

'ibel totil, likeb 'epal 'utzil vinUc, patriarca. 

night pafrol: chabi-'ak'abal, chabiej-

'ak'abal, joyeb j-tek lum, joyeb na, 

joyvanej. 

high position: lekoj, patan. 

powerful person: jvesej, jvesvanej. jHu'el. 

Ha' te 'ech'e. Ha' le k'ex. Ha' te k'extay. 

jch'akel. 

ba nich'on 'ojov, nich'on 'ojov. 

be prince of the whole world: vinkilelbil 

kotol 'osil 'u'un. 

prince of the world: 'alantasej kolol 'osil, 

'ajvaUnbil ta kotol 'osil, 'ojov kotol 'osU, 

'ojov ta kotol, 'ojovinbil ta kotol 'osil. 

princedom of the world: 'ajvalel kotol 'osil, 

'ajvalel ta kotol 'osU, jolinej kotol 'osil. 

ba 'antzU nich'on 'ojov. 

be the protege of a lord: jalaltasbil, jalaltaybU. 

na'ot. 

be pubUc: vinaj. 

x'ojov, xep. 

be elevated in rank: muk'ub, toy. 

entmst one's office or rank lo another: va'i 

k'exol. 

entmst one's rank to another: va'an k'exol. 

high rank: toyol 'ak'el. toyol 'ak'vanej. 

lose rank: 'Uctay. 'ilan 'ajvalel, 'ul, bik'taj, 

tup'. 

person raised to high rank: jelel vinUc, toybil 

vinUc, toyol vinik. 

raise one's rank: p'iles. 

renounce one's rank: komes 'ajvalel. 

'atob biil, 'atob vinUc, 'otes bul ta Hun, 

meltzajesabil lok'ob. 

be registered: 'och ta Hun. 

person to be remembered for doing something: na'uej. 

lekoj. 

'a'yejlal, 'ik'al. 

bad reputation: kola'al 'a'yejlal, kolo' 'a'yejlal. 

desfroy one's reputation: ch'ay na'el 'u'un, 

ch'ay xi'el 'u'un. 

have a bad reputation: vinaj kola'al, vinaj 

kola'al 'a'yejlal. 

have a good reputation: 'utz 'a'yejlal, 'utzil 

respect 

revere 

rich 

mle 

mstic 

savage 

senator 

serve 

slave 

slavery 

sovereign 

standard 

standing 

status 

stone 

succeeded 

successor 

swear 

title 

top-ranking 

fransfer 

freasurer 

freasury 

tyrannize 

tyranny 

tyrant 

vagabond 

vicar 

viceroy 

violate 

vote 

watchman 

'a'yej, 'utzU 'a'yejlal, vinaj 'ulzU 'a'yejlal. 

have a reputation (particularly a bad one): 

vinaj 'a'yejlal. 

respect tiie king: tzames rey. 

revere the king: tzames rey. 

rich man: 'ayUc'al chabjom. 

'ajvay. 

(town government): k'opoj. 

mle a government or town: ch'ak. 

(not noble): pata-vinik, 

'abnaUl vinik. te'tikU, voymollUcil vinik, 

jch'akel la 'ol. jk'opojel ta 'ol, 

'al. tz'ak-pati, chi'in, va'an, 

mu'nat 

(who has been captured): jtzok-vinUc, 

female slave: 'antzil mu'nat 

freed slave: kolesbil mu'nat, 

newly arrived slave: 'ach' 'ulel mu'nat 

be freed from slavery: kol la mu'natil, 

toj jelel, toj p'Uil, toj toyol, 

lok'om, 

be of high standing: p'iUl 'ak'el. 

be of low standing: bet'bU 'ak'el. 

high StancUng: 'ak'ol 'ak'vanej, jelel 'ak'el, 

jelel 'ak'vanej, jelel 'ayanel, p'UU 'ak'vanej, 

p'iUl 'ayanel, toyol 'ayanel. 

low Standing: •olon 'ak'el, bei'bU 'ak'vanej, 

bet'bil 'ayanel. 

person in low standing: 'olon vinik, 'olonil 

vinUc, bet'balal, bet'bil vinik. 

social standing: 'ak'el, 'ayanel. 

rise in status: toy jol. vUc' sat. 

lay stones (as do the officials): ch'ubaj. 

be succeeded by: k'exey batel. 

k'exolU. lok'ol. 

pas juramento, 

Oegal): 'ibel, 

top-ranking worker: ba j'abtel, ba ta 'abtel, 

(debt, conunand, office): p'asoj 'u'un, p'asojes. 

jchabi k'anal lak'in, jchabi-tak'in. 

pubUc freasury: chabibil k'anal lak'in. 

tz'i'ley 'osU, me'anajes 'osU. 

tz'i'lejesel 'osU, me'anajesel 'osU. 

kola'al vinik. k'ak'al vinUc, jme'anajesej-

'osil. 

ma'-tuul vinik, mak 'ik', mak k'ak'al, mo 

'oyuk k'usi tu, naka vinik. 

k'exol, lok*ol. 

k*exol rey, lok'ob-ba rey, virrey. 

violate a law: p'as takiej. 

'alel, biiltas, biUtasel, Hap ti'il. 

night watchman: jchabi-'ak'abal, jjoyvanej. 
NUMBER 31 609 

20.A. Disputes and cUspute settiements. See also warfare 

21E, 

abusive 

accusation 

accuse 

affront 

affronted 

apologize 

apologizer 

apology 

appease 

argue 

attorney 

avenge 

backbite 

backbiter 

backbiting 

banish 

banished 

beaten 

beating 

blow 

bother 

cane 

caned 

clemency 

conciUate 

confess 

confessed 

confession 

confessor 

become abusive: k'ak'ub. 

k'oplal. 

accusation tiiat must be made: jambol. 

accusation to be made: 'albol. 

'al. jam. 

accuse another falsely of one's own crime: 

lajes mul ta tojol. 

'ak' ta namal. javayel, javayes, k'exk'onel. 

namajes, namal. 

namajesbU, 

be affronted: k'exk'on, namnon. 

pokba, yati'. 

jya-ti'il. 

pok baU, ya ti'U, 

laanejes. nakanbey 'olonton. 

pakpak ba ta k'op. tup'bey ba k'op. 

jkoltayvanej. jk*op. 

act as an attorney: koltay. 

king*s or lord's attorney: lekoj 'ojov, lekom 

'ojov. 

avenge a beating: pak majel. 

avenge an insult pak 'utel. 

nam tal 'ut nam tal 'utvan. 

jjotz'-k'optayvanej. 

nam tal 'utvanej. 

nutz, lak. 

banished person: takben, 

person being banished: takoj. 

be beaten: 'och la pox 'u'un. 

reciprcx:al beating: pakol majel. 

k'oj. tij. yalel. 

blow (counting): j-likel majel. 

come to blows: maj ba. 

fist blow: tij. 

tzajal-'ik'. me'anajes. yayaubes. 

maj ta te'. majob te'. majvan ta te'. 

majbU la te'. 

'aboltayvanej, k'uxubinvanej, laanejel. 

ch'anantas. 

*al mul. ch'ay mul. james. vinajes. 

pubUcly confessed: Hapbil ti'. 

confesion. tojobtasabU. tojobtasabU 'olontonil. tojobtasel 'olontonil. 

hear confession: tojobtas. tojobtasbey 'olonton. 

make one's confession: meltzajes 'olonton. 

tojobes 'olonton, tojobtas 'olonton. 

make public confession: Hap ti'il. 

pubUc confession: Hap ti'. Hap ti'il. 

take confession: pas confesion. 

confessor who confesses his sins: j'al-mul. 

confiscate 

consuU 

contend 

contender 

court 

courthouse 

criminal 

custody 

death 

defend 

defender 

defense 

deny 

disagree 

disagreement 

discord 

dispute 

dissension 

end 

faction 

fight 

flee 

free 

go-between 

gossip 

harsh 

impute 

intercede 

investigate 

jjam-mul. 

cortfiscate another's property in a dispute: 

lekbey. 

consult with many (as in the courthouse): 

tzobol-k'opoj, cha' mel k'opoj, cha' mel 

k'opon ba, jak'bey ba k'op. 

nak, nakav, tup'bey ba k'op. 

nakbal. 

tz'omol yo' 'oy Hu' ch'akel. 

coiut of justice: nakleb yo' 'oy pas ch'akel, 

nak'ob k'op. 

'ol na, ch'akebal 'ol, ch'akob k'op. 

criminal process: Hun. 

chabiel, chabiomal, chabivanej. 

be sentenced to death: cham la yan. 

koltay, mak-pati. 

jkoltayvanej, jk'op. 

object of one's defense: koltayej. 

deny one's guilt Oegal case): muktal-net'bey, 

net' k'op, net' ta 'alel. 

mu junjunuk k'op. 

'epal k'op, 

have a disagreement: 'ep k'op, 'ep k'op ta 

tojol, 

'epal k'op, ch'ijetel, k'uletel. 

ch'ijetel, labal k'op, nakel vinik, naknak ba 

ta k'op, pakpak ba la k'op, pakpakbey ba 

k'op, pakpakel la k'op. 

legal dispute: k'op la tz'el jch'akel. 

person who setties disputes: jmeltzajel, 

jmeltzajesej-k'op, jmeltzajesvanej, jtojobel, jtojobesvanej. 

settie disputes: meltzajes ba. 

start a dispute: lUces. 

subject of dispute: nakoj. 

stir up dissension: 'ixtalaj, 'ixtalan. 

end of negotiation: tzutzeb k'op. 

jechjech k'op, tasal k'op. 

head of a faction: jtasal-k'op. 

member of a faction: jechel vinik. 

ch'ilom. 

make flee lo the hUls: jatvUtas. 

make person flee: jines. 

(captive or prisoner): lok'. 

jtzitzvanej la 'utzil k'op. 

gossip intended to arouse discord: cha'-lom 

k'op. 

gossip intending to arouse discord: cha' lom 

k'opoj. 

harsh judge: tzatzal juez. 

'albey, na'-tzaibey, nopbey. 

k'opoj 'u'un, k'oponvan, Hu' k'opojel 'u'un. 

ch'ak, jak', jak'oj, jak'van, jotz'-k'optay, 

jololtas, muktal-jak', muktal-sa'. 
610 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

investigated jak'beat, jak'beybil, jak'ebU. 

investigation jak', jak'ojel, jak'vanej, jotz'-k'optayvanej, 

k'oplayvanej, muktal sa'vanej. 

subject of investigation: ch'akoj. 

investigator jjak'-k'op, jjak'ojel, jjak'vanej, jjotz', jmuktaljak'vanej, jmuktal-sa'vanej. 

judge ch'ak, jch'akel, jololtas, juez, jmeltzajesvanej, jnam-te'. 

judged ch'akbU. 

judgment ch'akel, ch'akvanej. 

judgment or resolution that has been made: 

ch'akben, ch'akben k'op. 

justice meltzajel. 

lawyer jk'op, jk'opojel, jk'oponvanej. 

legal decide a legal case: ch'ak. 

legal case: choltajesbil k'op, choltajesbU 

Hun. 

legal title: koj. 

litigant j'al-k'op la tz'el jch'akel, j'al-k'op ta tz'el 

juez, 

litigate 'ak' k'op ta tz'el juez. Hu' k'op 'u'un la 

tz'elel juez, 

mediate meltzan, nop, pas, 

mediation nopel k'op, pasel k'op, 

mediator j'ak' 'utzil k'op, jk'op, jlaanesej-k'op, jnopk'op, jpas-k'op, jsUcublasej-k'op, 

negotiate k'oplajes, k'oplaltay, Hu' 'u'un. 

negotiation end of negotiation: lajeb k'op. 

interfere so as to obstmct a negotiation: 

xoj-k'optay. 

occupy occupy another's property in a cUspute: 

lekbey. 

opponent nakbal, nakmal. 

oppose 'ut, nak, nakav. 

opposite say the opposite of: tup' k'op. 

opposition nakavel, nakbal, nakel, nakvanej. 

pardon ch'aybey, ch'aybey kola'al, ch'aybey mul, 

ch'ayel, lajes. 

pardoned ch'aybU. 

partisan be partisan: jech ch'uun, jech k'ex, jechjech 

k'opoj, jechjech va'an ba. 

peace peacemaker: jlamtzajel. 

plead plead a case: koltay. 

prove prove with a wimess: 'efrnaj j'ilojel 'u'un. 

batz'itay ta j'Uojel. 

provoke k'ak'ubes. 

provoked k'ak'ubesbil. 

provoker jk'ak'ubesvanej. 

quarrel 'iUn. 'ut, bUc'tal 'U, bik'tal jatal, bik'tal 

k'opk'onel, jataj. jatan. k'opk'onel. 

quarreler j'ipal-'osU. j'ipal-k'op, j'ipal-ti', 

quarrelsome 'ip k'ak'al, 'ip lek'-ti'U. 

be quarrelsome: 'ip ti' 'ok'. 

quarrelsome person: j'il, jbik'tal-jatal, jjatal. 

reconcile 

reconciled 

reporter 

scmtinizer 

sentence 

sentenced 

speaking 

start 

stmggle 

sue 

suit 

summon 

talk 

testify 

turmoil 

victorious 

victory 

whipping 

witness 

wrestie 

jk'opk'onel. 

lamtzajes, paktzajes, paktzan. 

be reconcUed: laanej 'olonton, pas ba. Hul 

'olonton ta tojol. 

(of lawsuit): j'il-Hun, 

jjak'-k'op. jjak'-mulil. 

ch'ak, ch'akbey tojol mul. ch'akel. ch'akes, 

jololtas, lajesbey k'oplal, pas ch'akel. 

(legal): lajeb k'op. 

be sentenced to a beating: ch'ak majel. 

be sentenced to death: ch'ak tzamesel. 

not be on speaking terms with: mo 'oyuk 'U. 

(dispute): jut. 

poch'i, poch'i ba, poch'iel, poch'ivanej. 

sue at law: k'an ch'akel ta tz'el. 

sue at law (criminal, debtor, accuser): jam la 

tz'el jch'akel. 

suit at law: k'oplal. 

summon before the judge: 'Uc' la 'ichon 

jch'akel. 

din of mirthful or quarrelsome talk: ch'ijetel. 

cUn of mirthful or quarrelsome talk, discord: 

kuletel. 

make a din with mirthful or quarrelsome talk: 

k'ulet 

'al, va'an ba la testigo. 

testify falsely against person: lotbey k'op, 

nap'anbey k'op. 

bak'el 'osil. 

be victorious: 'ip jelav, 'ip jelavel. 

jelavel. 

sentenced to a whipping: majbU vo'ney. 

majey vo'ney. 

'iloj. 'ilolaj, j'ilojel, j'Uolajel, testigo. 

testify as a witness: pas ba ta j'Uojel, pas ba 

ta testigo. 

witness' testimony: k'op j'ilojel, k'op testigo. 

poch'i, pcx:h'i ba. 

21. Social problems and conditions 

21.A. Crime, dangen See also warfare 21E. 

bribe tzajal-'ak'bey. tzajal-tzitz. •votol-tzitz. 

bribery tzajal 'ak'beyel k'op. tzajal tzitzvanej. 

danger tz'i'lejel, tz'i'leyel. 

be in danger: tz'i'lej, tz'i'ley. 

dangerous tz'i'lelal. 

be dangerous: 'ip tz'i'lelal. 

filch tas, tasbey, 

food filch food: tas ve'el, tasbey ve'el. 

pilferer of food: jtasol-ve'el. 

forger jpak'tayvanej la tz'ib. 

cocoa bean forger: jpak'tayej ta kokov. 
NUMBER 31 611 

forgery lok'tayel, pak'tayel, p'isel. 

goods stolen goods: 'elek', 'ochol. 

highwayman jmakvanej, jpojvanej, jp'asvanej. 

kiU tzames, tzamesvan, cham 'u'un. 

kiU by cutting to pieces: ch'uyUan-tzames, 

jatulan-tzames, sesen-tzames. 

kiU freacherously: muktal-tzames. 

person who kiUs us: 'ajval. 

kiUer jtzamesej, jtzamesvanej. 

kiUing secret kUling: mukulmukul tzamesvanej. 

larceny 'elek'. 

money counterfeit money: pak'tayej lak'in. 

forge money: pak'tay ta tak'in, p'is ta tomin. 

pitferer of money: jtas-tak'in. 

murder man who murders his child: jtzamesej 

nich'on. 

murderer jtzamesej, jtzamesvanej. 

freacherous murderer: jmuktal-tzamesvanej. 

patricide jtzamesej tot 

picklock 'eUc'ajebal tak'in, jamob na, jamobU 'elek'. 

pitferer jtasol, jtasvanej. 

plunder tzokil. 

poison 'ak'bey 'uch' kola'al pox, jtzamesvanej pox, 

komes kola'al 'e, komes kola'al ti'. 

poison drink: kola'al pox. 

poisoned poxtaybU. 

be poisoned: *uch' kola'al pox. 

pretend pretend to kUl: maxil-mU. 

rape tzajal-poch'i, pojbil cha'ley, poch'i, poch'ibU 

cha'ley, poj. 

raped tzajal poch'ibU. 

be raped: tzajal pojbU cha'leat, pojbU cha'leyat, 

pcx;h'ibU cha'leat 

rapist jtzajal pcx:h'i 'antz, jtzajal poj 'antz. 

risk tz'i'lejel, tz'i'leyel, k'an 'U. 

rob poj. 

robber j'ochol, jpojvanej, jp'asol. 

(who acts in secret): j'elek'. 

robbery pojben. 

roguery kola'al, labal. 

ruffianism Hovil xanbal. 

sacrilege commit a sacrilege (by stealing from the 

church): 'elk'an bel na dios. 

simoniac jchon k'op dios, jchon patan dios. 

simony chonel patan dios, chonel sacramento, manel 

patan dios, simonia. 

stabber jjulvanej. 

steal 'eUc'aj, 'elk'an, 'ochan, 'ocholaj. 

be easy to steal: 'utz 'elk'anel. ta 'eUc'anel, 

tak' 'elk'anel. 

easy to steal: matanal 'elk'anel. 

sfrangle jiban, mil. 

sfrangled jibbil, mUbU. 

animal or person being sfrangled: mUoj. 

sfrangled animal or person: mUben. 

sfrike person who strikes or wounds anotiier with 

a hammer or rammer: jten-tak'in. 

sue sue at law (criminal, debtor, accuser): jam ta 

tz'el jch'akel. 

taUc iUicit taUc: 'ol labal k'op. 

testify testify falsely against person: lotbey k'op, 

nap'anbey k'op. 

tiieft 'ochol. 

fraitor •j'aal-k'op, j'aleyvanej, jcha' lom k'op. 

jjots'-k'op. 

freason •'aal k'op, cha'-lom k'op, jotz'-k'op. 

cause to commit freason: •'aal-k'optay, 

'aley, jotz'i. 

commit freason: jotz'-k'optay. 

violate violate a law: tz'iUcuUn takiej, tz'ukulinbey 

takiej, jel takiej, p'as takiej. 

waylaid person lo be waylaid: pa'-muk'uybol. 

person waylaid: pa'-muk'uyoj. 

place where people are waylaid: pa'-

muk'uyab. 

waylay pa'-muk'uy, pa'-muk'uyvan. pa'-muk'uyvan. 

pas. 

waylay on the trail: paj ta be. 

waylayer jpa'-muk'uyvanej. 

21.B. FamUy disintegration, depopulation 

abandon 

abandoned 

adulterer 

adulteress 

adultery 

alone 

anguished 

calamitous 

calamity 

chUd 

custodian 

decline 

depopulate 

depopulated 

'Uctay. 

abandon one's town: kom ta na, •Iu. 

'Uclaybil, komesbil. 

mulavej 'ajnilal, •jxap-'ajnilal. 

mulavil 'ajnilal. 

(man's): mulavej la 'ajnilal. 

(woman's): mulavej ta malalil. 

commit adultery: mulav ta 'ajnilal, •xap 

'ajnilal. 

aU alone: 'ip 'oy tuk, tuktuk. 

living alone: juyinom ta naklej. 

be anguished by sickness or loss: kisnaj, yaij. 

ma'-ba, pek'a, tenkex. 

ma'-'olal, ma'-bail, pek'aU, tenkexil. 

child whose father died before he was born: 

nich k'ok'. 

fatiieriess chUd: jcham-tot. 

legitimized bastard chUd: melel nich'nab. 

man's bastard child: mulal nich'nal, mulal 

nich'on. 

motiierless child: jcham-me'. 

(of an orphan): jchabiomal-me'on. 

(in number, population, properly or rank): 

vetz'. 

kom la na, •Iu. 

be depopulated by famine or sickness: vetz'. 
612 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

be depopulated in war: ch'ay, laj. 

become depopulated by famine or sickness: 

jayub, jutebaj. 

hanging (said of a poor person, an orphan): lich'il. 

orphan me'on. 

be an orphan: mo 'oyuk tot mo 'oyuk me'. 

fatiierless orphan: ma'-tot me'on. 

guardianship of an orphan: chabiel me'on. 

motiierless orphan: ma'-me' me'on. 

person in charge of homeless women or 

widows: jtzoyleb, jjok'leb. 

site of abandoned town: 'av nanatUc. 

(of the tribes that tiiey once had): jolimal biU. 

'iktalep. 

be widowed: 'iktalepay. 

person in charge of widows: jtzoyleb, jjok'leb. 

•te'el chol. 

become a widower: •te'el-cholay. 

orphaned 

site 

surname 

widow 

widower 

21 .C. Physical violence and punishment. See also warfare 

21E. 

barush nutz, tak. 

barushed barushed person: takben. 

person being banished: takoj. 

beaten be beaten: 'och ta pox 'u'un. 

beating reciprocal beating: pakol majel. 

behead ch'uy jol, ch'uybey jol, ch'uybey nuk', tup*, 

bowed bowed over (by someone else): nijanbil. 

cane maj late', majob te', majvan tate'. 

caned majbU ta te'. 

chastise •'akan-'oltay. 

chastisement •'akan-'oltayvanej, 

chastiser j'akan-'oltayvanej, 

coUar fron collar: xotot lak'in, xobcot tak'in. 

confiscate tzajal-poj, pojbey, 

confiscate another's property in a dispute: 

lekbey, 

death be sentenced to death: cham la yan, 

cmel death: tzelel chamel, k'uxul chamel, 

ma'-ba chamel. 

put to death: 'olantas. 

dungeon chukvanab ch'en, chukvanab la 'ul lum, 

lumal chukvanab. mak-naiabil. maknaivanab, 

ear cut off one's ear: jotz' chikin, lok'es chUcin, 

executioner j'ak'-vokol, jyaijesvanej, 

eye put person's eye out: lomtz'inbey sat, 

tup'bey sal, 

faint make person faint tup'es, tup'es 'ik'. 

person who is made to faint: tup'oj, 

fetters tak'in chukobU 'okil, 

copper fetters: tak'in, 

leg fetters: chukobU 'okil tak'in. 

fine 

fined 

gag 

gaUows 

hafr 

hanging 

hcxxl 

hung 

impound 

impoundment 

jail 

jailed 

jailer 

manacles 

mark 

mUdly 

nose 

persecution 

piUory 

punch 

punish 

punished 

punisher 

punishment 

questioning 

ring 

rod 

sentence 

'ak' chabajuk, chabajes, tojel, 

fine of money or property: chabajel. 

be fined: ch'ak. 

lotz'ob 'ok'U. 

mUob, mUob vinUc, mUobU, mUvanab, picota, 

cUp or crop hafr (of criminals): tulbey jol, 

crop hafr (of those who have committed 

some crime): tul jol, 

place of hanging: jok'anab, jok'anabil, 

pasteboard hood of infamy: nit-bail, 

place where object or person is hung: 

lUcanab, lUcanabU, 

'a'i ta k'ubul, 

impound one's possessions: 'ak' ta k'ubul 

bel na, k'uban bel na, nak'bey bel na, 

k'ubanel bel nail, nak'beyel bel nail, 

'ak' la chukvanab na, 'ak' ta na le', 

chukvanab, mak-nai ta na, mak-nai la na 

te', na te', 

use house as a jaU: mak-nai ta na, 

chukbil, mak-naibil la chukvanab na, nak'bil 

ta chukvanab na, 

jailed in someone's house: mak-naibil ta na, 

jchabi-chukvanab, jchabi-te', 

chukob k'obil, chukobU k'obU, 

mark left by blow of the fist or by a slap: *av 

k'obol, 

(cure, mle. punish): k'un, laan, 

cut off one's nose: jotz' ni', 

nakavel, nakbal, nakel, nakvanej, 

majvanab, mUvanab, picota. xotxot tak'in. 

te' yo' majey vinik, 

fron pUlory: xotot tak'in. 

yalel, 

'ak'bey 'il vokol, 'ak'bey vokol, 'U vokol 

'u'un, tzilz, yaijes, 

tzitzbU. yaijesbil, 

be punished: 'U vokol, 

j'ak'-vokol. jtzitzvanej. jyaijesvanej, 

'ak'beyel vokol, tzitzel, tzitzvanej, chabajel, 

ch'akel, tojel. 

be sentenced to corporal punishment: majey 

la. 

corporal punishment: tojel, 

questioning on tiie rack: jak'obU ta xuk'ul 

k'op, 

questioning under torture: jak'beyel ta k'uxul 

k'op. k'uxul k'op, 

fron ring: xotxot tak'in, tak'in, 

wooden ring: xotxot te', 

rod with which boys at school are beaten on 

tiie hand: pok'ob k'obil, pok'ob k'obol, 

pok'obil, 

ch'ak, ch'akbey tojol mul, ch'akel, ch'akes, 
NUMBER 31 613 

lajesbey k'oplal. pas ch'akel, 

(legal): lajeb k'op. 

sentenced be sentenced to a beating: ch'ak majel, 

be sentenced to death: ch'ak tzamesel, 

seventh seventh part of a determined amount (fine 

for robbery): Huk-mekel Hech 'epal tojol, 

shrink (as when being whipped on the back): yak* 

pat 

slap pak* ta majel, pok* ta majel, ta k'ob maj, t'ax 

ta majel, yalel, 

slap given: pok'ben, t'axben, 

slap on the neck: pok'el ta majel te' niUc', 

slap received: pok'benal. t'axbenal. 

spanking pak'el ta majel chak. pak'el la majel nakleb. 

sfrapado lUcanel ta ch'ojon. 

SfrUce person who strikes or wounds another witii 

a hammer or rammen jtenvanej. 

strike with one's fist tij ta majel la k'ob. 

torment 'ak' vokol, 'Uc'ti', kisnajes, yaijes. 

sitffering of torments: yaijel. 

tormentor jbUc'tajesvanej-'olontonU, jnakvanej, jyayaubesvanej. 

torture 'ak' vokol, 'ak'bey 'Uc'ti'. 'ak'bey 'U 'Uc'ti'. 

'ak'bey 'il vokol. 'ak'bey vokol. 'Uc'ti'. 

'il vokol 'u'un. vokol. yaijes, yayaubtas. 

place of torture: 'ilob 'Uc'ti', 'Uob vokol. 

torturer j'ak'-'Uc'ti', j'ak'-vokol. 

whip maj, majob ch'ojon, majobil, majvan. 

person whom one whips: majben. 

whiplash 'av ch'ojon, majbenal. 

whiplash on the buttocks: jich'el ta majel 

chak, jipel ta majel chak. 

whipping sentenced to a whipping: majbil vo'ney, 

majey vo'ney. 

wound jav 'u'un, javes, majbenal, maj, majvan. 

Hot, Hot 'u'un. Holes, Hotol. 

(given with rod or rope): jipben. 

(received from rod or rope): jipbenal. 

person whom one wounds: majben. 

wound with a rcxl: jip la majel la te'. 

wound with a rope: jip ta majel ta ch'ojon. 

wound with hoe or ax: boj ta majel. 

21.D. Poverty and wastefuUiess 

aid aid the poor or miserable: 'aboltay, koltay, 

yain. 

beg (pcxjr person): k'anoj, k'anvan. 

beggar jk'anojel, jk'anvanej, 

beggary k'anojel, k'anvanej, 

clothing ragged clothing: lo'ol k'u', 

debenture tzakobil tak'in Hun, lok'esabU tak'in, 

debt 'il. 

free from debt: ch'ay, ch'aybey. 

oblige one to pay his debts: sutes, 

pay a debt with money received from 

another's debt: pakojbey, 

pay one's debts in full: toj, 

payment of debt lok'el, lok*vanej, tojel, 

pledge security for a debt: tasey, 

lake a pledge of security for a debt tas, 

tasbey. 

debtor 

die 

famine 

hanging 

impoverish 

impoverishment 

lack 

lacking 

poor 

poorhouse 

provide 

ragged 

raise 

reduced 

scarce 

scarcity 

squander 

squandered 

squanderer 

starvation 

starve 

starving 

sfrait 

support 

waste 

jHatzinvanej, 

die of starvation: cham la vi'nal. 

'uch'uyel. 

(said of a poor person, an orphan): lich'il. 

me'anajes. 

me'anajel, me'anal. 

mo 'oyuk "u'un. 

be lacking: ch'ay, mo 'oyuk. 

'abol ba, 'utz"utz' ba, jok'ol, k'uxob 'olal 

ba, me'on, yavaj. 

aid the poor in thefr needs: yain. 

become poor: me'anaj. 

desperately poor person: batz'i me'on, ch'uul 

me'on. 

lift up tiie poor or downcast: p'iles. 

raise tiie poon loyes. 

na me'on, vayeb nich'on. 

'elmajes, vinajes. 

provide clothes, food and lodging: mak'lin. 

provide for: tz'akubtas. 

provide for person in want: makbey me'anal. 

ragged person: jk'a'al-k'u'. 

raise tiie poor or downbeaten: jetobtay. 

latz'apuy. 

be reduced to: lok'. 

jol, sa'alsa'al, yavaj. 

be scarce: toj jol. 

be scarce (bread): 'ip jalal, mo 'oyuk, toj 

pojel. 

become scarce: jalaj, jalan ba, yavajij. 

made scarce: jalajesbU. 

make scarce: jalajes, yavajin. 

jalajel. jalal. yavajijel, yavajU, yavajilal. 

ch'ay. ch'ay 'u'un. laj 'u'un, ma'-balUc lajes. 

mu tojoluk bal. 

be squandered: laj, ma'-batik bal, ma'-batUc 

laj, mu vinaj bat. 

jlajesvanej, ma'-batik jlajesel. 

'uch'uyel. 

'uch'uy, 'uch'uyel *a'i. 

starve to death: 'uch'uy. 

starving person: j'uch', j'uch'uyel. 

sfrait times (witii hunger): yubul 'osU. 

tz'akubtas, mak'lin, sak-^ti'in, yain. 

ch'ay, lajes, ma'-batik lajes, mo tojoluk lajes. 
614 

wasted 

wretched 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

mu tojoluk bat. 

be wasted: laj, ma'-batik laj, mo tojoluk laj, 

mu vinaj bat. 

'abol ba. 'utz"utz' ba. k'uxob 'olal ba, 

ma'-ch'ulel. 

be wretehed: mo 'oyiUc ch'ulel. 

wretchedness k'uxob 'olal ba. 

21.E. RebelUon, warfare, and defense 

agitate bak'es 'osU. 

agitator j'ak'-k'op, jbak'esej-'osU, jxi'-k'op, jxi'vanejk'op. 

ally tasal. 

ambush lie in ambush: 'och ta 'abnaltUc, 'och la te'tUc, 

muk ba ta te'tik. 

lying in ambush: lapal ta 'abnaltUc, mukul ta 

le'lUc. 

arms call to arms: nUc 'o 'osil 'u'un, nikes j-tek 

lum. 

assault 'anUlay ta majel, mak. poj. 

by assauU: ta lut'el. 

hiurl onesetf into the assault: 'anUtay ta lut'el. 

attack 'anUtay la majel. 

attack each other: 'aniltay ba ta majel. 

battie ch'Uomay. nak. nakav, yabutij, yabutil, 

yabutin. 

start a battie: likes, lUces ta 'ochel, tukes. 

captive tzokil. 

bought captive: manbU mu'nat. mu'nat. 

captivity mu'natil. mu'natinel. 

capture tzak, tzakolaj, tzakolajel, tzokU, chukel, 

chukvanej. 

challenge 'ik' ta tzamesel, 'ik' la majel. 

combat tuk'ay. 

conquer nak. pas yabut. yabutij. yabutin. 

conqueror nakmal. jyabutijel. 

conquest yabutU. 

cut cut off one's escape: joy. mak, 

defend koltay, mak-pati, 

defender jkoltayvanej, jk'op, 

defense object of one's defense: koltayej, 

depopulated be depopulated in war: ch'ay, laj. 

devastate ch'ay, lajes. 

devastated be devastated: ch'ay. 

be devastated in war: laj. 

dissension stir up dissension: 'ixtalaj. 'ixtalan. 

disturbance 'ok'el 'osil. ch'ijetel. 

excite (Usturbances: ch'ijet 'osU 'u'un, k'oplay 

'osil, k'ulet 'osU 'u'un, nUces 'osil, sokes 

'osil. 

disturber jsok-'osU, jsok-lum, jsokvanej. 

escape escape captifre: kol ta tzakel. 

escaped escaped from capture: kol-japiuk. 

fight 

flight 

follow 

free 

fugitive 

guard 

hostage 

hurl 

incite 

incited 

incitement 

inciter 

instigator 

league 

liberator 

meet 

pacified 

pacify 

pafrol 

peacetime 

pillage 

plunder 

pursue 

rebellious 

rebelliousness 

refuge 

repel 

row 

sacking 

shelter 

skirmish 

skfrmisher 

slave 

snare 

spy 

•'Ucoy, •'Ucoyaj. •'Ucoyajel. ch'Uomaj, ch'Uomajel. ch'ilomay. tuk'ay. 

fight in a contest •'ikoyan, nak, nakav. 

yabutij, yabutin. 

jatanel, jatavel, jatval, jinel. 

follow enemies: nutz. 

(captive or prisoner): lok', lok'es. 

'ay ta muk'ta 'anU, jjatanel, jjatavel, jjatvil. 

jjinel. 

jchabiomal, jchabivanej. 

lok'ob k'op. 

give hostages: 'ak' jlok'ob k'op, lok'obk'optay. 

giving of hostages: lok'ob-k'optayel. 

hurl oneself off a cltff: yalp'un ba, yokin ba. 

hurl person off a cUff: yalp'un ta ch'en. yokin 

ta ch'en. 

'ak' pas. 'ak'bey k'op. bak'es 'osU. tzitz, 

k'as. 

'ak'ebU k'op, tzitzbU. 

'ak'beyel k'op, tzitzel. 

jtzitzvanej. 

j'ak'-k'op. 

(between alUes): chukob k'op, laanejeb k'op. 

jlok'vanej. 

meet unexpectedly al work or at war: nuptan, 

nupul-bein. 

be pacified: laaet. laanej. 

ch'anantas. laanejes, lamtzan, pas. 

night patrol: chabi-'ak'abal, chabiej-

'ak'abal, joyeb j-tek lum, joyeb na. 

joyvanej. 

lamal 'osil. 

tzak, tzakel bel na ta ch'ilomal k'op, pojel 

na ta yabutil. 

tzokil. 

pursue enemies: tz'ak-pati, nutz. 

become rebelUous: toy ba. 

toy-bail. 

jinebal, kolebal. 

take refuge: koltay ba. 

take refuge in the church: koltay ba. 

nak, nakav. 

row of soldiers in battie order: j-chol jyabutil. 

pojel na ta yabutil. 

shelter to defend oneself: kolebal. 

ch'Uomaj, ch'ilomal, yabutij, yabutijel, yabutin, yabutinvanej. 

jyabutijel. 

mu'nat 

(who has been captured): jtzok-vinik. 

female slave: 'antzil mu'nat. 

faU into a snare (person): xokbay ba. 

jpa'i. 
NUMBER 31 615 

spy on: nach'itay. nach'itayvan. pa'i. 

spy who watehes the road: jpa'i-be. 

spying pa'i. 

stir stir up: bak'es. 

freaty tojol. 

tmce 'olaneb yabutil, ch'anieb yabutil. 

try (to attack): k'an. 

turmoU bak'el 'osil. 

victorious be victorious: 'ip jelav, 'ip jelavel. 

victory jelavel. 

war 'antzU ti', yabutil. 

earn wages in war: tojey, tojey ta ch'ilomal, 

wage earned in war: tojol ta yabutU, tojoUl. 

wage war: 'antzU-ti'ij, yabutij. 

wage war on: 'antzil-ti'in, nak. 

warfare mock warfare: tajimol ch'Uom. 

wound (witii a lance): xen. 

lance wound that one gives: xenben. 

lance wound that one suffers: xenbenal. 

wound with a rod: jip ta majel ta te'. 

wound with a rope: jip ta majel ta ch'ojon. 

wound with hoe or ax: boj ta majel. 

21.E,1. Army, navy 

army 

blowgunner 

bowman 

camp 

captain 

crossbowman 

fencer 

fighter 

fleet 

galley 

garrison 

lookout 

marksman 

pikeman 

renegade 

shooter 

skirmisher 

sUnger 

soldier 

j-tos yabutU, yabutil. 

army in campaign: j-tos la 'antzil-ti', j-tos 

ta jyabutil. 

tuk'avU, 

yalom, jyalbajel, jyalvanej, 

establish camp (as the captain ordered them 

to establish camp): nakan jch'Uom, 

ba ch'ilom. 

yalom, jyalbayvanej, jyalvanej. 

jchanantasej-ch'ilomajel, jchanantasejyabulU. 

•j'Ucoyajel, ch'ilom. 

'epal jom, tzobol jom, •chanul jom. 

yabutinab castillan jom, yabutinajeb jom. 

j-tos j'anizU ti', j-tos jyabutil. 

garrison a fortress: 'ipajes yabutinab na, 

tzatzubtas yabutinab na. 

k*elvanab. 

satinom. 

ch*ilom xanav ta 'ok, 

j'Uctayej, 

harquebus shooter: tuk'ajom, jtuk'ayvanej, 

shooter of harquebus or lombard gun: 

tuk'avil, 

jyabutijel, 

jjimich'ajel, jjimich'vanej, 

become a soldier: 'och ta na 'ajval, chon ba, 

division or file of solcUers: j-tos jyabutil. 

foot solcUen ch'Uom xanav ta 'ok, 

squadron j-tos ch'ilom, j-tos jyabutil, 

warrior j'antzil-ti', mulavil j'anlzU-ti', nakmal, jyabutijel, jyabutil, 

sfrong warrior: tzotz ch'Uom. 

21.E.2. Arms, armor, and miUtary trappings. See also 

miUtary buUdings 28C3. 

aim 

arm 

armed 

armor 

arrow 

arrowsmitii 

baU 

banner 

blow 

blunderbuss 

bow 

brandish 

coat 

crossbow 

cudgel 

dagger 

dress 

ensign 

fence 

flag 

fletcher 

gauntlet 

gun 

gunpowder 

hammer 

harquebus 

helmet 

hold 

huri 

aim well: jav 'u'un, satibU bat 'u'un. 

tzatzajes, va'an j'antzU-ti', va'an jyabutil. 

arm setf: tzatzaj. 

tzatzajesbU, 

cotton armor (worn by the Indians): cholonok'. 

yolobil. 

pierced by an arrow: yalbaybil. 

target of one's arrow shot yalbayej. 

jtzai-yolobU, 

baU of harquebus or moorish shotgun: bek' 

tuk'. 

bandera, lok'om. 

blow through (reed, blowgun): Hupan, 

luk'. 

t'in, yolobil. 

(lance): la'ulan, nUculan, 

brandish or shake (lance): velulan, vesulan. 

coal of maU: cholol lak'in. 

t'in tak'in, t'inal lak'in, vallesta, yolob 

lak'in. 

crossbow bolt: yolobil. 

crossbow pellet mould: ch'ulobU tuk'al lum. 

pasobU tuk'al lum. 

chin-te', majob te'. volvol jol le'. 

julob tak'in. pufial, xenob lak'in. 

place where one dresses or puts on armor: 

tzatzajebal. 

lok'om. 

chan ch'Uomajel, chan yabutil, esgrimfr. 

lok'om, lok'om pok'. 

j'an-yolobU. 

lak'in xojob k'ob, lak'in xojobU k'obil. 

firing of lombard gun, etc.: tuk'avej. 

lombard gun: muk'ta tuk'. tuk'. 

sibak. 

hammer (with which to wound): tenob te'. 

hammer or rammer (with which to ram or 

wound): tenobil. 

tuk'. 

stick ramrod in harquebus: xoj te' ta tuk'. 

xoj tuk'. 

'axina. kovov lak'in, pix jol tak'in. 

hold a sword: japi. 

(long objects, darts, staves, arrows): yal. 
616 

lance 

miss 

protect 

quiver 

rammer 

rebound 

xenob tak'in. 

metal socket of a lance: lak'in chak xenob 

lak'in. 

(arrow): koles yolobU la k'ob. 

(crossbow pellet, arrow): kol. toj kolel bat. 

(witii bcxly or shield): mak-pati, 

chu'uy yolobU, 

rammer (witii which to ram or wound): tenob 

te', 

(blade): juyp'ij 'e, 

(witii the blade tiu-ning): juy 'e, 

make blade rebound and twist tz'otp'inbey 

'e. 

make rebound: tz'otp'in, juybey 'e, juyp'in, 

juyp'in 'e, juyp'inbey 'e. 

rebound witii blade turning: tz'otp'ij, tz'otp'ij 

'e. 

school 

shake 

sharp 

sharpen 

sharpened 

shield 

shielding 

shcx)t 

shot 

sling 

spear 

squint 

stab 

standard 

Sfrap 

sfrike 

fencing schcx)l: chanob yabutil. 

(lance): la'ulan. 

(blade): 'oy 'e. 

be sharp: 'utz 'e. 

sharpen blade: Hux 'e, Huxbey 'e. 

sharpened blade: Huxben, 

makibey, pokolU, 

(taking the blows dfrected at anotiier): maki 

ya, 

(with body or shield): mak. mak-pati. clasp a shield: xoj pokol ta k'ob. 

large shield: •kumpail. 

person who shields anotiier: jmakiej-ya. 

solid row of shields: choloj ba lok'ob-ba. 

meloj ba lok'ob ba. meloloj ba lok'ob ba. 

lake or use a shield: pokoUn, 

article or person one is shielding: mak-patiej. 

save by shielding: mak-pati. 

ni'. tiUc'ayvan. 

(arrow): yalbaj. 

(arrow, crossbow): yalbay. 

(lombard gun. harquebus, ete,): tuk'av, tuk'ay. 

(long objects, dart, staves, arrows): yal. 

shoot at: yalbay. 

shoot Sfraight melel bat 'u'un. 

tuk'. 

(harquebus): yalel. 

jimich', jimich'aj, jimich'tay. 

yalbaj, yalbay, yalbayab. 

(as when they aim a bow and arrow): 

tz'e'-sati. 

stab witii a lance: xen ta majel. 

lok'om. 

leatiier helmet sfrap: ch'ajnul. 

person who strikes or wounds another with 

a hammer or rammer: jten-tak'in, jtenvanej. 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

sword espada, majob tak'in. 

weapon tzatzajel. 

wound (with a lance): xen, 

lance wound tiiat one gives: xenben. 

lance wound tiiat one suffers: xenbenal. 

22. Household 

22,A, Master and servant 

butler 

carver 

cupbearer 

errand 

freedman 

gatekeeper 

gateman 

grind 

laundress 

master 

misfress 

page 

porter 

servant 

slave 

stir 

washer 

watehman 

water carrier 

butler who guards silver and gold platters: 

jchabi bel nail, jchabi ve'ebal tak'in, 

butler who lays out the tablecloth: jk'i-tasil, 

carver at table: jjis-ti'bol, jkup-ti'bol, 

jp'is-chi'. 

errand boy: 'abatil. 

kuxul vinik. 

jchabi ti' na. 

jjam-na, 

female sCTvant who grinds the corn: jjuch'nom, 

jchuk'om. 

master of slaves: 'ojov. 

misfress of slaves: x'ojov, 

misfress of tiie house: ba jk'ulej, ba jk'ulej 

tana, 

kelem, 

page who serves fcx)d, cfrink, towels: 

jve'eltasvanej, 

j'abat, j'eanvanej, j'Ucatznom, jchon-bail. 

'unen, kelem. 

mu'nat 

(who has been captifred): jtzok-vinUc. 

female slave: 'antzil mu'nat 

person who stfrs: jjuy-Ho', 

person who stirs the ffre: jchuchvanej, 

jchuk'om. 

house watehman: jchabi-na. 

Ha'bU. 

serve as water carrier: Ha'bUin. 

22.B. Furniture 

bed 

bedstead 

bench 

bier 

candlestick 

chair 

furnishings 

furniture 

tem, vayebal. 

bottom of a bedstead: tenal te'el tem. 

banco, naklebal, naklebal te', •pakal. 

stone bench against a wall: lo'lo-k*opojebal. 

k'echobU chame-vinik. 

'av japbalal, 'av naul, candelero, kajanab 

candela, kajleb candela, kuxanab candela, 

kuxanabil candela. 

tz'omol, naklebal, •pakal, silla. 

leather chair: nukulU tz'omol. 

household furnishings: bel nail, tzatzajeb na. 

•'ichinaUl, bel nail, 

precious fiu"niture: bel nail. 
NUMBER 31 

hearth 

lamp 

lantern 

lie 

mat 

mirror 

narrow 

padlock 

reed 

round 

sleeping 

table 

tablet 

22.C. ( 

bag 

barbecue 

basin 

basket 

beUows 

bottie 

bowl 

box 

brazier 

break 

brushwood 

bucket 

candle 

cauldron 

censer 

chamberpot 

tzaneb k'ok, nop'eb k'ok*. 

lampara. 

lamp socket: 'av japbalal, 'av naiU. 

'av candela, na candela. 

lie down (as inbed): metzey. 

papal, pop. 

interweave mat xoj. 

reed mat: popol 'aj. 

nen. 

large mirror: muk*la nen, muk'ul nen. 

small mirror: bUc'tal nen. 

(board, table): yubul. 

(for chest): makobil caja. 

(witii which they make petates): puj. 

(not spherical, but thin as table, tortUla. 

wheel): setel. 

sleeping place or article for sleeping (bed. 

matfress, ete,): vayebal. 

mesa. 

dinner table: ve'ebal, ve'ebal mesa. 

bik'tal tenal te', ch'iom tenel te'. 

Ilontainers, utensils, supplies 

'ikatzinab chu'uy, chu'uy. 

barbecue grill: voob temal tak'in, voobil 

temal tak'in. 

'av Ho', pokobil k'obU, pokobU sat. 

stone basin: bcx:hil ton. 

moch. 

bread basket nak'nak'ebal vaj, nak'ob vaj. 

nak'obil vaj. 

large grass basket: jalbU jobel, papal jobel. 

small basket: yol mcx:h. 

two-hancUed basket: mcx:h. 

Hubob k'ok', HubobU. 

vinegar booJe: 'av vinagre. 

escudiUa, setz'. 

•pun-te'. 

lechob 'ak'al. 

break or smash (eggs, avocados, head, pot. 

boards, tiles): vok'. 

bmshwcx)d for an oven: 'unen te'. bUc'tal 

te', ch'ilob vaj. 

water bucket: Ukobil Ho'. 

water bucket or jug: Ukob Ho', 

candela. tajleyabU, 

p'inal lak'in. tak'in. 

'av 'incienso, 'av castiUan pom, ch'atayabil. 

jomal 'av castillan pom. 

censer with which they cense: muibch*atayabil. 

tza'nabU, tza'nabU p'in, tza'neb p'in, pulom 

Ho', 

charcoal 

chest 

clang 

clock 

closet 

clotii 

clothes 

cover 

covered 

cup 

cupboard 

dish 

fan 

fiU 

ffrewcx)d 

flyswatter 

glass 

goiu-d 

grater 

handle 

hearth 

heater 

hook 

house 

jar 

jug 

kettie 

knapsack 

ladle 

mailbag 

metate 

milk 

narrow 

net 

oven 

overturn 

pan 

pestie 

pipe 

617 

large chamberpot: jayal tak'in. 

'ak'al. 

caja. •pun-te'. 

(copper or stiver platter falling to ground): 

bajlajetel, tzanlajetel. 

'atob 'osil, reloj. 

nak'nak'eb, nak'obU. 

carrying cloth: pech'ech'il. 

clothes fron: net'ob pok', net'obil. 

(bowl, pitcher, pot, waterjug): mak. 

object being covered as a pitcher or pot: 

makoj. 

'uch'obU, taza. 

glazed cup: ch'ulul taza. 

pottery cup: chUc'bU lum. 

nak'nak'eb. nak'obil. 

plato. 

pech' veluyab. veluyab pech'. 

fill by sinking, as when they fiU the waterjug 

by sinking it in the water: pul. 

si'. 

stack of ffrewood: j-vutz' si'. 

slacked ffrewood: ch'ubaybil si'. 

pech', veluyab pech'. 

drinking glass: bcx:hU •puk. 

water gourd (half gourd): 'uch'ob Ho'. 

wine gourd: 'uch'ob chi'. 

josob lak'in, josvanab. 

'ikobal. 'ikobil. Ukobil. 

'av k*ok*. 

k'ixnajesab, k'ixnajesabil, k'ixnayabU. 

meat hook: lukbayabil bek'et. 

house supplies: Ha' te tuun ta nae. 

earthenware jar: poket. 

waterjug: lupob Ho', 

wine jug: lupobil vino. 

p'inal tak'in, tak'in. 

chu'uy. 

large wcx)den lacUe: UkesabU, 

wcx)den ladle: juyob. 

nakleb Hun, 

(used by women to grind corn): cho'. 

milk jar: p'in chu' chij. 

milk jug: pitz'obU chu' chij. 

milk jug or pail: pitz'eb chu' chij, pitz'ob 

chu' chij. 

(beam, board, container): bUc'it. 

large net 'ak'. 

net for carrying corn: nuti'. 

panob vaj, pus, ta'ajeb vaj. 

(bowl): vaUc'uj, valk'un. 

frying pan: ch'ilob tak'in, ch'ilobU. 

juch'obU. 

be 'a'lel, be-o', lok'eb Ho'. 
618 SMTTHSONL\N CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

pit 

plate 

platter 

poker 

pot 

press 

sack 

salteellar 

saltworks 

sauceboat 

saucer 

scissors 

shut 

sink 

snuff 

sound 

spit 

squeezer 

stirrer 

stove 

sfrainer 

sweating 

taper 

frappings 

frUl 

frunk 

tub 

tube 

warmer 

watch 

water 

waterjug 

wineskin 

C(X)king pit bon. 

pottery plate: jayil lum, 

platel, 

chuchob k'ok', chuchobil k'ok', 

(for oven): ji'ob k'ok', 

earthenware pot: bUc'tal pokel, 

glazed earthen pot bik'tal p'in. 

make pots: pat. 

olive oil press: juch'obU aceituna, 

'ikatzinab chu'uy, chu'uy, 

large sack: me' chu'uy, muk'-chu'uy, muk'tUc 

chu'uy, 

net sack: chu'uy nuti', 

pahn sack in which tiiey carry or sell salt: 

mokan. 

*av 'atz'am. 

(pot or house): kumayab, kumayabU 'atz'am. 

'av kap ve'el, 'ol setz', bik'tal setz'. 

setz'. 

pottery saucer: jayil lum. 

stiver saucer: jayil tak'in, 

tijeras, 

shut up (bread, wine): nak*, 

(ground underfoot, basket, etc): lomomet 

(ground when stepped on or tmnk or basket, 

or other soft object when sat upon.): . 

(ground when stepped on or tmnk or basket, 

or other soft object when sat upon): lom, 

lomtzaj, potz*et, putz'et. 

candle snuff: 'ak'lel candela. 

sound of pottery smashing: ch'aklajetel. 

sound of smashing earthenware: pojlajetel. 

voob, voobil. 

pitz'ob, 

juyob, 

cocoa stirrer: •'uya, 

pus. 

chichinab, chichinabil. 

(glass): 'ach'el. 

large taper with four wicks: tz'otbil candela, 

muk'ta candela. 

Hatzil. 

(earthen jar, phial): kopkonet, tontonet. 

(of ihefrs): •pun-te'. 

glazed laundry tub: jayal lum chuk'omajeb. 

laundry lub: jayU le'. 

'ocheb 'a'lel, 'ocheb Ho', 

food warmer: k'ixnajesab ve'el. 

na'ob 'osil. 

pour water from bowl to bowl: t'oj Ho', 

k'ib. 

muk'ta chu'uy, nukul, nukulal chu'uy. 

22.D. Bedding, linens, and frappings 

bed 

bedspread 

bedsfraw 

benchclotii 

burlap 

clotii 

mat 

matfress 

mosquito 

piUow 

piUowcase 

sackcloth 

sleeping 

swing 

tablecloth 

towel 

waU 

bed canopy: tzatzajebal vayebal. 

bed hangings: nail pok'. 

vayeb k'u', vayebal k'u'ul, vayebal pok'. 

chib jobel. 

tas. 

flax or maguey burlap: jotz'bil chi. 

bench cloth: but'iabil. 

carrying clotii: pech'ech'il. 

palm mat: xanil pop. 

vayebal tux-nok'. 

mosqiuto net: mak 'us, mak xenen, nail pok'. 

xon jolol. 

chu'uy, tUc'obU chu'uy. volobU. 

sackcloth or any other heavy clotii such as 

they use for bedding: pimil pok', tux-nok' 

chij pok'. 

sleeping place or article for sleeping (bed. 

matfress, ete,): vayebal. 

(hammock): jin. 

but'iabil mesa, manteles. 

pokob k'ob, pokobU k'obU, pokobil sat. 

hand towel: suk'ob k'ob, suk'obil k'obU, 

wall hanging: k'ianbil pok', lich'bU pok' ta 

xokomtik. 

22,E, Housekeeping 

broom 

burnisher 

clean 

cleaner 

cleanliness 

cleanse 

dish 

dishcloth 

firewood 

fluff 

fluffed 

fold 

launder 

laundress 

launcfry 

polish 

polished 

mesob na, mesojeb, mesojebal, mesvanab, 

juxob, 

ch'iU, ch'ulbU, ch'iUomaj, pok, pokbil, pokomaj, 

(weU-swept house): sak-mesan. 

clean a second time (scraping): cha'-cho', 

cha'-jos. 

ch'ulobU, pokobil. 

ch'ulel, pokel. 

ch'ul, pok, tojobtas. 

wash dishes: suk', suk'ilan. 

suk'ob plato, suk'obU escudilla, suk'obil 

plato. 

gatiiering of firewcx)d: si'bej. 

fluff the bed: sokilan vayebal. 

(bed): sokilanbU. toj k'un. 

(cloth, clotiiing): pak, pux. 

chuk', chuk'omaj. 

jchuk'om. 

launcfry bundle: chuk'bol. 

'utz pas, 'utzU, ch'ul, ch'ulvan, lek pas, lekU, 

tojobtas, t'ab. 

polish roughly: jux. 

'utz, •'ulubalal, lek, t'abbU. 
NUMBER 31 619 

poUsher 

purifier 

purify 

rag 

scmb 

shake 

soap 

soapsuds 

soapweed 

soapy 

steam 

sweep 

wash 

washing 

whisk 

object being poUshed: juxoj. 

ch'ulob, ch'ulobU, juxob, juxobU, tojobtasabU, t'abob tak'in, t'abobU, t'abobU tak'in, 

t'abobU te'. 

ch'ulobU. 

ch'ul, pok. 

cleaning rag: kusobU. 

(clothes): ju'Uan. 

scmb (as they scmb muddy clothes): ju'. 

(matfress or sfraw bed): tukes. 

matfress or sfraw bed: sokilan. 

'ak' ch'upak', 'otes ch'upak', 'oy ch'upak', 

ch'upak'. 

tzo' ch'upak*, vok ch*upak*. 

ch'upak*. 

be soapy: 'och ch'upak'. 

(waU or cloth): ch'aUay. 

mes, mesav, mesoj. 

chuk', chuk'omaj. 

chuk'om, 

washing place: chuk'omajeb, 

jach'ubtay. 

clothes whisk: jach'ubtayabU, 

22,E,1, Dfrt 

dirt 

dirtiness 

dirty 

dungheap 

smudge 

spot 

spotted 

stain 

stained 

nokoxil, 

(as on old clothes): 'Uc'uyal. 

pik'ixU. 

'ik'ubes, 'ik'ubtas, 'ik'uyal ba, 'ip 'ik'uyal, 

tz'i'lejes, kola'ajes, nokoxtik, pUc'bctUc, 

be duty: nokoxtik ba, pik'ixtik ba, 

get dirty: 'Uc'ub, tz'i'lej, nokoxib, pik'ixub, 

k'a'-'ep, 

t'ab 'obok, t'abbey 'obok, 

smudge person's face: t'ab sibak la sat, 

smudge person's hands: t'ab sibak ta k'ob, 

'ik'ubal, pik'ixlay. 

'ik'ubaltUc, pik'ix, pUc'ixtUc. 

become spotted: pUc'ixtay. 

'ik'ubal, kola'ajes, pik'ixlay. 

pik'ix, pUc'ixtik. 

be stained: kola'aj. 

become stained: pUc'ixtay, 

23, Food and drink 

23,A, Food 

bless (meal, water): ch'uUtas, 

blow blow on (food to cool it, head wound or 

tumor to cure il): vuch'i, 

both (long objects as bananas, flutes): cha'-ch'ixil, 

digested be digested: 'ech'. 

feast 

feed 

foamy 

fcxxl 

friiit 

gas 

handful 

hard 

harden 

host 

hunger 

hungry 

indigestible 

invite 

invited 

juice 

leftovers 

meal 

midpoint 

mildew 

mouthful 

peel 

pie 

poison 

provisions 

ration 

raw 

red 

redden 

ve'el. 

pay one's share for a feast toj ve'el. 

share in payment of feast: tojol ve'el. 

ve'eltas. 

foamy material (cocoa): jvokanel. 

'ipajebal, ve'el. 

(eggs or fmiO: lo'bol. 

(fresh corn, greens): k'uxbol, 

(meal. fish, mushrooms, beans): ti'bol, 

base or cold food: sik-t'ojol ve'el. 

filch food: las ve'el, tasbey ve'el. 

fcxxl pickled with sauce, or spiced: p'uyum. 

fcx)d that must be eaten: ve'bol. 

focxl that one has ccxiked: paneb. 

one day's ration of food: jun k'ak'al ve'el. 

pestilential food: 'ipal chamelal ve'el. 

pitferer of food: jtasol-ve'el. 

serve focxl: ve'eltas. 

fresh fmit 'ach' lo'bol. 

produce gas in one's stomach (food): 'u'un 

lUc ch'ut, lik ch'ulul. 

(tied bunch of herbs, torch sticks): j-chuk. 

grow hard (bread): k'oxoxib. takij. 

(bread, mud): tzatzub, tonib. 

banquet host jba'yitajel ta ve'el. 

host who gives lodgings: j'ix-kelmajel. 

vi'najel, vi'nal. 

gnawing hunger: sitz'il. 

be hungry: cham la vi'nal, vi'naj, vi'nal 'a'i. 

be indigestible: mu to yal ch'ut 

invite to a meal: 'ik' la ve'el. 

invited to a meal: 'Uc'bU. 

•a'lel. 

kechel, kechelU, komenal ve'el. komenalU. 

lajemal ve'el. 

ve'el. 

base meal: mu'natil ve'el. 

cold or miserable meal: jech'ol ve'el. 

eat a cold or miserable meal: jech'olaj, 

midpoint in meal: 'o'lol ve'el, 

(on bread): kux vaj, 

mUdew in wine: kux chi'. 

j-'um. 

take a mouthful: 'um ch'ay. 

patil. 

pak'tanibU vaj. 

poison cfrink: kola'al pox. 

•naitzil. 

ch'akbU ve^el. 

daily ration: lekoj ve'el taju-jun k'ak'al. 

tze. 

(chili or blood): chak-loman. 

(chili or blood): chak-lomtay. 
620 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

refreshment 

salt 

sap 

sauce 

scarce 

serve 

shut 

smash 

soup 

spoil 

spoiled 

squash 

stale 

sticky 

sustenance 

swallow 

swallowable 

yeast 

•et'esab •osU, laanejesabU. 

'atz'am, 'atz'mel, 'atz'meltas. 

black salt: 'ik'al 'atz'am. 

grain of salt: sat 'atz'am. 

hard salt: ton 'atz'am. 

salt weU: 'atz'am. 

white salt sakil 'atz'am. 

•a'lel. 

kap ve'el. 

be scarce (bread): 'ip jalal, mo •oyiUc. 

serve at table: ve'eltas. 

shut up (bread, wine): nak'. 

(eggs, avocados): t'us. 

bread soup: tz'ajbil vaj. 

tz'i'lejes, tz'i'ley, tuib. 

tz'i'leybil. 

(figs): t'us. 

'ech'om, tzotz, k'oxox, poko'. 

grow stale: tzatzub. 

grow stale (bread): takij. 

(bfrdlime, honey): nap'ap'. 

'ipajebal. 

competent sustenance appointed to person 

entering the priesthood: 'ech'eb •osU. 

'et'esab 'osU, 

be easy to swaUow: tak' 'umel. 

be swallowable: 'umel 'umey. 

pajubesabil vaj. 

breadcmmb 

cabbage 

cake 

chUi 

chocolate 

corn 

cmmb 

dough 

eat 

fig 

flour 

food 

molasses 

mustard 

nougat 

oil 

orange 

23,A.l. Grain, vegetable. fmU 

bean 

biscuit 

bran 

bread 

bean flour: ch'ilbU chenek'. 

(bread cooked twice): lakes vaj. 

sol. sol castillan 'ixim. 

'ot. vaj. 

a quarter of bread, ete.: j-xut vaj. 

barley bread: cebada vaj. 

bran bread: tzo' vaj, matz' vaj. 

bread baked under the ashes: muk-tanibil vaj. 

bread ccxiked in a pit: bontaybU vaj. 

bread cmmbs: xutul vaj. 

bread roasted on the coals: leb-tanibil vaj. 

bread soaked in wine: tz'ajbU ta chi' vaj, vaj 

tz'ajbU la chi'. 

broken piece of bread: xut 

broken piece of bread given to beggars: xut, 

xutulil vaj. 

hard bread (biscuits, hardtack): •nailzU. 

ring-shaped bread: xotbil vaj, xotol vaj, 

xotxot vaj. 

small ring-shaped bread: bik'tal xotxot vaj. 

sour bread: pajal vaj. 

stale bread: takes vaj. 

wheal bread: castillan vaj. 

pancake 

parsley 

peach 

pepper 

pinol 

pozol 

quince 

raisin 

rind 

roll 

scarce 

spice 

taffy 

tamale 

tortiUa 

vinegar 

walnut 

ch'uch'ul vaj. 

cabbage brotii: 'a'lel 'itaj. 

Easter cake: ton tuluk'U vaj. 

chUi sauce: p'uyum 'ich. 

pure chocolate: tzeel kokov. 

corn flour: ch'Uim. 

sour corn gmel: pajal 'uch'om-o'. 

p'uyuUl. p'uyulU vaj, xut 

tiny cmmb: sesenbil vaj. 

patax. 

corn dough: 'uch'omo'. juch'bU 'ixim. 

wheat dough: tzeel castUlan vaj. 

(eggs or fmit without pits): lo'. 

(eggs or fmit): lo'baj. 

(fresh corn, greens): k'ux, k'uxbaj. 

(meat, fish, mushrcx)ms or beans): ti', ti'baj. 

candied fig: matz'ubtasbil higo, panbil higo, 

poxtaybU higo, takijesbil higo, 

wheat floun castillan ch'iUm. 

(eggs or fmit): lo'bol, 

(fresh corn, greens): k'uxbol, 

(meal, fish, mushrooms, beans): ti'bol. 

baby fcxxl: 'ulU vaj, vajil 'ul. 

'a'lel vale'. 

mustard sauce: juch'bil mostaza. 

pamal sakil. 

aceite. 

orange peel or rind: pat naranja, 

pamal lo'bol, pamal vaj, 

parsley sauce: juch'bil perejil, 

peach preserve: pamal durasnos. 

castiUan 'ich, especies. 

ch'Uim. 

'uch'om-o'. 

quince preserve: pamal membriUos. 

k'ibil tz'usub, takin tz'usub. 

patil. 

volbil vaj. 

French roll: putzet vaj. 

be scarce (bread): toj pojel. 

castillan 'ich. 

melcocha, panbil pom. 

bean tamale: chenk'ul vaj. 

batz'i vaj. 

pajal vino, vinagre. 

sauce made of pounded walnuts and spice: 

juch'bU nueces, p'uyum nueces. 

walnut sauce: ton bek'. 

23.A.2. Animal products 

bacon chitom, tocino. 

bacon fat: 'it'it'ul tocino, k'an-'ixmal chitom, 

lam chitom, lam tocino. 
NUMBER 31 621 

beef 

blood 

brotii 

cheese 

chicken 

cream 

curd 

eat 

egg 

food 

fresh 

honey 

honeycomb 

iguana 

lard 

lean 

leg 

maggot 

meal 

mUk 

pie 

rasher 

rennet 

rose 

sausage 

scale 

slice 

stinking 

tamale 

whey 

worm 

sUce of bacon: j-jis tocino. 

beef fat: k'an-'ixmal vacas, manteca vacas. 

blood pudding: panbil ch'ich', tUc'bil ch'ich'. 

'a'lel, ti'bol, 

fat of brotii: lam. 

queso. 

fresh cheese: yaxal queso. 

chicken brotii: 'a'lel tuluk', 

lam, 

tatubtasbU chu' chij, tatubtasbU chu'ul, 

(eggs or fmit without pits): lo'. 

(eggs or fmiO: lo'baj, 

(meat, fish, mushrooms or beans): ti', ti'baj. 

addled egg: vinUc. 

eggs cooked on tiie coals: leb-ianibU ton 

tuluk'. 

(eggs or fmiO: lo'bol. 

(meat fish, mushrcx)ms, beans): ti'bol, 

(fish, cheese): yox. 

pamal nichim, pom. 

chabil pom. 

(that they eat): 'inatab. 

k'an-'ixmal, k'an-'ixmal chitom, manteca. 

covered with lard: naka k'an-'ixmal. 

(meat): mo 'oyuk k'an-'ixmal. 

leg of ham: 'o' chitom. 

maggot infesting meat, cheese, etc.: xuvit 

bek'et 

lean meat batz'i bek'et. 

meat witiiout bones: batz'i bek'et. 

chu'il, leche. 

sheep's miUc: chu' tux-nok' chij. 

meat pie: bek'etal vaj. 

rasher of bacon: j-jov tcx:ino. 

tatubtasabil chu'ul. 

rose honey: pamal rosa. 

longaniza. 

pork sausage: bikU chitom nojesbU ta bek'tal. 

scale a fish: jos sol choy, 

sUce of bacon: j-jis tocino, j-jov tocino, j-p'as 

tocino, 

(as some meats or human sweat): xin, 

chicken tamale: tuluk'U vaj, 

fish tamale: chayal vaj, 

'a'lel chu' chij, matz' chu' chij, 

worm infesting meat, cheese, ete,: xuvit. 

23,A,3, Food preparation 

bread 

bread-making 

cocoa 

baker 

bakery 

barbecue 

boil 

jpat-vaj, jta'ajesej. 

(man or woman): jpan-vaj. 

chonob vaj, pasob vaj. 

tem. 

vokan. 

ccx)k 

cooked 

curdle 

cut 

deposit 

food 

fry 

grind 

half-broUed 

hatf-burnt 

hatf-cooked 

husk 

juice 

knead 

learn 

leaven 

lime 

milk 

miU 

peel 

peeling 

purify 

quince 

roast 

salt 

boiling: k'ok', toj k'ok'. 

bread baked under the ashes: muk-tanibil vaj, 

bread cooked in a pit: bontaybU vaj, 

bread roasted on tiie coals: leb-tanibil vaj, 

bread soaked in wine: tz'ajbU ta chi' vaj, vaj 

tz'ajbU ta chi'. 

make bread: vajiv. 

sop bread in waten tz'aj vaj la Ho', 

sop bread in wine: tz'aj vaj ta chi', 

vajivej, 

dilute cocoa: puk' kokov, 

make c(x:oa by grinding it juch' kokov. 

pour cocoa from bowl to bowl (as when tiiey 

pour a gourd of cocoa into anotiier to 

make foam): t'oj. t'oj kokov. 

pan, pas ve'el, 

panbil, 

pat ba, tatub, 

cut or slice of beef, veal, fish: t'ol. 

deposit on bottom of evaporation pots: ton 

'atz'am. 

food pickled with sauce, or spiced: p'uyum. 

ch'U. 

juch'un. 

grind flour: juch' ch'Uim. 

grind very fine (cacao): noy. 

tze to la voel, mo to jaka ta'aj la voel. 

k'ak'lUc, k'an k'ak'el. 

tze to, mo to jaka ta'aj. 

cho'benal, solbenal. 

(beans, broad beans): sol. 

(broad beans): cho'. 

get juice from roots or plants by squeezing 

or pressing them: pitz* 'a'lel, pitz'bey 

'a'lel. 

biulan, pak'tani, pak'tanij, votz'Uan. 

(dough, clay for pots): vol, volUan. 

(dough, clay for pots, tiiick objects kneaded 

with the whole hand): votz'. 

learn to make bread: chan pat-vaj. 

pajub. 

tan. 

milk using the forefinger: pitz'. 

milk with the thumb: jisulan. 

juch'neb, juch'nebal ton. 

mill wheel: rodezno, lak'in. 

(ccx)ked or roasted fruit): sol. 

(pears or apples with a knife): cho', jos. 

cho'benal, solbenal. 

purify by cooking, as sugar: mas. 

quinces baked under the ashes: muk-tanibU 

membrillo. 

vo. 

salt deposit (on bottom of pot for making 
622 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

salted 

scorch 

scorched 

SheU 

simmer 

skim 

sound 

squash 

starvation 

starve 

starving 

stir 

Sfrain 

sugarcane 

toast 

toasted 

wash 

water 

weU-cooked 

wine 

winnow 

salt): tz'ujlemal 'atz'am. 

'atz'meltasbil, 'oy 'atz'mel. 

juteb k'ak'es. k'an-k'ak'. k'an-k'ak'es. 

be scorched: juteb k'ak'. 

sheU corn: 'ixin, 

bulbonet 

(frotii): jotz' vok. jotz'bey vok, 

sound of cocoa being poured from one bowl 

to another: chojet. ch'itet, t'ojet, 

squash c(X)ked in a pit bontabU mail, 

'uch'uyel, 

'uch'uy, 'uch'uyel 'a'i, 

starve to death: 'uch'uy, 

starving person: j'uch', j'uch'uyel, 

juy. juyUan, 

person who stfrs: jjuy-Ho', 

(through a cloth): chichin, 

sugarcane press: pitz'ob vale', 

k'anubtas, vo, 

vobU, 

be toasted: k'anub, 

wash off (ashes from corn, mud from one's 

knees): sap, sapulan, 

poifr water from bowl to bowl: t'oj Ho', 

be weU-cooked: ta'aj, 

beam of a wine press: net'ob tz'usub, pitz'ob 

tz'usub, 

beam or screwpin of a wine press: net'obil, 

pitz'obil, 

screwpin of a wine press: net'ob, pitz'ob, 

wine press: net'ob tz'usub, net'obU tz'usub. 

wine press where grapes are frod: tek'ob 

tz'usub, tek'vanab tz'usub. 

jUc'ay. veluy. vuch'. 

23.A.4. Eating habits 

chew 

crumble 

diet 

dinner 

cfrink 

xax. 

chew a lot xaxulan. 

(bread): xut. 

cmmble witii the fingers or as parrots 

crumbUng bread into large crumbs or 

small pieces: sesen. 

cmmble with the hands: ju'. 

cmmble with the hands (lumps of sugar): 

p'uy. 

'iktay 'ixim, 'iktayel 'ixim, bUc'it ch'amal 

ve', tojol ve'el. 

(principal meal eaten at midday): kamel 

tUc'el ve'el. 

eat dinner: kamkonel tUc'el ve'. 

'uch', 'uch'abal, 'uch'om. 

drink moderately: ta'al 'oy 'uch' Ho'. 

drinker 

eat 

eater 

eating 

fast 

food 

full 

glutton 

gluttony 

gnaw 

gnawed 

gormandize 

hatf-ealen 

intmder 

lick 

meal 

nibbled 

nurse 

pregustation 

pretend 

resfrain 

satiety 

stuff 

stuffed 

suck 

serve drink to: 'ak'bey 'uch' chi'. 

serve drinks: p'is chi'. 

j'uch'-Ho'. 

moderate drinker: jtojol 'uch' HO'. 

ve'. 

(eggs or fmit without pits): lo'. 

(eggs or fmit): lo'baj. 

(fresh corn, greens): k'ux, k'uxbaj. 

(meat, fish, mushrooms or beans): ti', ti'baj. 

begin to eat (break bread): jav k'as xut, xut 

eat in secret: mu'natij, muklal-ve', 

eat moderately: ta'al 'oy ve'. 

j'ipal-ve'el, jve'el. 

moderate eater: jtojol-ve'el. 

deUght in eating: muib la tojol. 

ayimo, 'iktay 'ixim, ch'abaj, ch'abajel. ch'ob, 

juju-ti' ve', •k'exma ve'el, pas ayuno. 

compulsory fast: tzajal ch'abajel. 

compulsory Lenten fast: tzajal ch'abajel ta 

cuaresmatik. 

crave food: sitz'ij, sitz'il 'a'i. 

craving of food: sitz'ijel. 

eat cold food: sUc-t'ojan ve'. 

be full: noj, sit, sitel. 

•tzaom, •tzaomal vinik, jkamojel, mu'natil 

vinUc. 

•tzaomal, tz'i'U ve'el, k'a'al ve'el, mo tojol 

ve'eluk, mu'natU, mulal ve'el, tuluk'U 

ve'el. 

(as clothes moths or mice eat clotiiing): k'ux. 

(as dogs with a bone): nulUan. 

area gnawed by a mouse: joch'ben ch'o. 

tz'i'lz'i' ve', tz'i'il-ve'. 

jech'eltik. 

intmder at a meal: •jtana-ve'el. 

(as when they suck a finger or lick a cup): 

lek'. 

resfrain onesetf at meals: tojoltojol ve'. 

jech'eltik. 

'ak'bey chu', chu'un. chu'untas. 

'a'ibeyel ve'el 'ojov. 

pretend to eat: maxil-ve', 

resfrain ones' appetite: •nabenabe ba ve', 

nojel. sitel. 

(food into one's mouth): kam. 

stuff oneself: pul. pules, 

be stuffed with food: sit 

feel stuffed: ton-ch'utuy. 

feeling stuffed: ton-ch'utuyel. 

person stuffed with food: jsitel. 

(as when they suck a bone): tz'utz'un. 

(as when they suck thefr fingers or lick the 

bowl): butz'. 

(as when tiiey suck their lips after drinking): 
NUMBER 31 623 

pach' ti'. 

surfeited be siufeited: noj. 

swallow 'uch'. *um. 

(chewed object or drink): bUc*. 

swallow whole: bUc*. 

swallow whole as chickens swallow corn: 

bil. 

taste taste each one: ju-jun tal •a'i. 

taste tiie lord*s fcx)d: 'a'ibey ve'el 'ojov, 

'a'ibey ve'ob. 

23.B. Drink and drunkenness 

diluted (wine): kapbil ta Ho'. 

distUI kumay. 

distUUng kumay ej. 

dregs tzo' vino, lajeb. lajeb vino, pajbenal, pajbenal vino, 

drink drink moderately: ta'al 'oy 'uch' Ho', 

drinker j'uch'-Ho'. 

mcxierate drinker: jtojol 'uch' HO', 

dmnk yakyak. 

get drunk: yakub. 

make dmnk: yakubes. 

dmnkard jyakil-chi', jyakubel. 

dmnkenness yakil, yakU chi', yakubel. 

jug wine jug: lupobil vino, 

mend mend with pitch (leather, wine jug): 'ak'bey 

xuch', juybey xuch', xuch'ay. 

mUdew mUdew in wine: kux chi'. 

murky grow murky (as when wine, etc. is roUed 

down several slopes): 'ik'ub, tatub lUcel. 

must mu to ta pas chi'. 

pulque 'a'lel chi, pamal chi. 

senses come back to one's senses (crazy person, 

dmnk): Hul 'olonton. 

tavern chonob chi', chonob vino, 

tavernkeeper jchon-chi'. 

undUuted (wine): mo 'oyuk kap. 

whiskey corn whiskey: 'a'lel 'ixim. 

wine chi'. vino. 

be immature: mu to k'ot ta 'okel. 

new wine: 'ach' chi'. mu lo ta pas chi'. 

plum wine: 'a'lel po'on. 

pure wine: batz'i chi'. tzeel chi', tzeel vino, 

kuxul chi'. 

red wine: tzajal chi', chak-juban chi'. 

sell wine: chon chi'. 

white wine: sakil chi'. 

wine merchant: jchon-chi'. 

wine press: net'ob tz*usub, net'obil tz'usub. 

wine press where grapes are frod: tek'ob 

tz'usub, tek'vanab tz'usub. 

wineskin miUc'ta chu'uy. nukul. nukulal chu'uy. 

24. Hunting, frapping, fishing 

aun 

bird 

bfrdlime 

blow 

bowman 

catch 

daze 

deadfall 

decoy 

dog 

fetters 

fish 

fisherman 

fishing 

fishUne 

fish pond 

hunt 

hunter 

aim well: jav *u'un, satibU bal 'u'lm. 

person who dazes bfrds: jtup'beyej sat mut 

tzoyob, tzoyob xuch', nobo. 

catching of bfrds in bfrcUime: tzoyob. 

blow through (reed, blowgun): Hupan. 

yalom, jyalbajel, jyalvanej. 

(live animal): tzak. 

catch with a hook: lukbay. 

(as when they daze bfrds): ma'-satij. 

(bfrds): ma'-satijes, tup'bey sat. 

deadfall for birds or mice: petz'. 

hunting witii a deadfall: petz'ayej. 

frap mice or bfrds that are taken with a 

deadfall: petz'ay. 

chanbey 'ok, chanbey ti'. 

bird decoy: 'Uc'ob mut. 

decoy bfrd witii a whistie: 'ik' mut. 

decoy deer with a whistle: 'Uc' chij. 

decoy with a whistie: 'ik'van. 

deer decoy: 'ik'ob chij. 

partridge dog: jle-'ub, jle-kuich', jlUcesej-

'ub, jlUcesej-kuich'. 

falcon's fetters: tzoyobU, chukobU. 

tzak choy, tzames choy, sa' choy. 

fish hook: liUcum tak'in. 

fish spear: yalbayab. 

fish with a hcx)k: lukbay choy. 

fish with hook or pole: liUcbaj. 

fish with roots making the fish dmnk: 

maj-'ak'i. 

jtzamesej-choy, jsa'-choy. 

fisherman who fishes with poison: jmaj 'ak' 

choy, jmaj 'ak'iej choy. 

tzamesej choy. 

fishing Une: lukbayabil choy. 

fishing with a hook: lukbayej-choy, lukum 

choy. 

fishing with poison: maj-'ak', maj-'ak'iej. 

ch'ajnul. 

ch'ivitajeb choy, junejeb choy, lekbil. 

le,leav. 

hunt bfrds witii birdlime: tzoy mut. 

hunt quetzals with bfrdlime: tzoy k'uk'. 

hunt witii a deadfall: petz'aj. petz'ay. 

jleom. 

deadfall hunlen petz'avil, jpetz'. 

deer hunter: jtzamesej-chij. 

hunter of birds witii birdlime: tzoyom. 

hunter who uses snares: xokom. 
624 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

hunting 

lasso 

marksman 

net 

rabbit 

scale 

snare 

snared 

snaring 

stick 

sticky 

frap 

hunter with bow and arrows: yalom. 

leoj. 

hunting witii a deadfU: petz'. 

hunting with snares: xokob. 

'ak'. 

bfrd lasso: 'ak'ol mut 

deer lasso: 'ak'ol chij. 

satinom. 

bfrd net: leb. 

hunting net leb UkU chij, lebal 'ak'. 

person who dazes rabbits: jtup'beyej sat t'ul. 

scale a fish: jos sol choy. 

xokbal, xokbay, xokob, xokobil, yakobil, 

yakoj, yakojob, yokU. 

(deer, Uons): xokbaj. 

faU into a snare: tek' xokob, yal ta xokob. 

yakal, yakbU. 

yakojel, yok. 

(bfrds or feathers in bfrdlime): tzoytzaj. 

(bfrdlime, honey): nap'ap'. 

(covered hole): makob ch'en. 

fish frap: lebayab choy. 

25. Animal husbandry and fransportation 

beehive 

brand 

branded 

bridle 

bridled 

broody 

casfrate 

casfrated 

cattie 

chick 

dishorned 

dog 

drive 

cfrove 

cfrover 

feed 

fodder 

food 

giddap! 

goad 

graze 

herd 

hobble 

mare 

na pom, te'el pom. 

'eteltas, 'och k'inajel 'u'un. 

(cattie, horses): chUc' ta tak'in. 

'ak'bil vinajeb, 'eteltasbU, chik'bil. 

'ak' freno, 'ak'bey freno, 'otes freno. 

'ak'ebU freno. 

be bridled: 'och freno. 

be brcx)dy (hen): k'an patiej. 

lok'es tonil. 

lok'bil tonil, mo 'oyuk tonil. 

tend grazing cattie: lo'bajes, lo'obtas. 

hateh chicks: vok'es 'alab. 

t'ijt'ij. 

sheep dog: jchabi tux-nok' chij tz'i'. 

drive horses: *ux 'ut. 

'ikatzinom cabaUo, 'Ucatznom caballo. 

jchabi-chij. 

feed cattle: lo'obtas. 

'ipajeb chij, lo'bol chij. 

daUy food given to horses: lo'bol chij. 

*ux. 

yalbay. 

lo'baj, lo'ov. 

j-tzob, j-tek, j-tos. 

herd by herd: tasaltasal, tekeltekel. 

chukbey k'ob. 

keeper of breeding mares: j'U 'antzil chij. 

jchabi 'antzil chij. 

mUk miUc using tiie forefinger: pitz'. 

mUk with the thumb: jisulan. 

pasttu-e 'abnaltik, jobeltik, lo'bajeb chij. lo'bajebal, 

lo'ob, lo'ob chij. voymoltik, 

post hitehing post tzoyleb, 

raise (chUd. dog. horse): tz'itas. ch'itas, 

(chUdren, horses): mak'Un. 

rein rein in a horse: 'olantas, ch'anantas, laanejes. 

shear shear (with a razor): jos. 

shear woolen stuff: lotz' tzotzU, lotz'bey 

tzotzil. 

shelter (bfrds, etc. under sometiiing): nuj-maki. 

shepherd shepherd's crook: lukuch le'. 

shoe (horse): 'ak' xonob chij, 'och 'u'un xonob 

chij, 'otes xonob chij. 

shoed (horse): 'ak'bil xonob, 'oy xonob. 

shoo (birds, cattle, dogs): yo. 

shoo! (for chickens or dogs): 'ux, 

sfraw jobel, 

tame •kojem. •kojibtas, laan, laanejes, 

become lame: 'ech' 'olonton. •kojib. laanej, 

sUcub 'olonton. 

tame a buU: ch'anantas vacas. 

lame a horse: ch'anantas caballo. 

tamed 

tether 

25.A. 

chicken 

driver 

cfrover 

herdsman 

horseshoer 

mule 

muleteer 

pigherd 

poultryman 

shearer 

shepherd 

25.B. 

axlefree 

bag 

bell 

brand 

cartwheel 

be tamed (animal): nop 'a'i. 

tzoy. 

Workers 

chicken tender: jyo-tuluk'. 

oxcart driver: jchabi-vacas. jva'anej-vacas, 

jva'antasej-vacas chi'uk setet te'. 

j'U-chij. jva'anej-chij. 

jlo'bajesej. 

j'ak' xonob chij. 

mule keeper: jchabi-chij. 

jchabi 'ikatzinom caballo, jchabi xanvil 

cabaUo, jchabi xanvil chij. 

j'U-chitom, jchabi-chitom. 

j'U-tuluk', jchabi-tuluk'. 

jjosvanej. 

j'U tux-nok' chij, j'U-chij, jchabi tuxnok' 

chij, jchabi-chij, jlo'obtasej tux-nok' chij, 

jva'anej-chij. 

Tools and vehicles 

axlefree of a cart: joyijeb setet te'. 

blacksmitii's tool bag: josobU'ich'ak caballo. 

cattie bell: natil campana, natnat campana. 

'eteUl, chUc'ob caballo. 

branding iron: 'eteltasab tak'in. 

setet te' carreta. 
NUMBER 31 

comb 

fetters 

goad 

halter 

hand-barrow 

handle 

hobble 

hoof 

horseshoe 

knapsack 

lasso 

leash 

oxcart 

reins 

saddle 

saddlebag 

shepherd 

spoke 

spur 

stirmp 

syringe 

frappings 

tumpline 

wheel 

yoke 

cartwheel hub: balbal te'. setset le'. 

curry comb: almohasa, ch'ulob chij. 

(horse, mule): chukobU cabaUo. 

goad stick: yalbayabU. yolobil. 

ch'ajnul. ch'ojon. 

k'echobU. 

(for mud, rocks, lime): k'echob . 

'ikobal. 'ikobil. Ukobil. 

(for horses, etc.): lotz'ob le'. te'el. 

hoof parer: tak'in jotz'obU voy caballo. 

xonob chij. 

chu'uy. 

'ak'. 

deer lasso: 'ak'ol chij. 

'ak'U tz'i', chukobU tz'i'. 

setet te'. 

'ak'il freno, nukul freno, rienda. 

naklebal ta pat caballo, sUla, 

packsaddle: 'ikatzinab, enjalma, kajleb 'ikatzU, xalma, 

small packsaddle on which the Indians lake 

thefr burdens: potol. 

chu'uy. 

shepherd's crcx)k: lukuch te'. 

k'ob, rayo. 

espuela, julobil caballo. 

estribo, tek'ob lak'in. 

tak'in. 

horse trappings: tzatzajel caballo, k'u' cabaUo. 

pek', pek'ul. 

setet. 

metal wheel: setet tak'in. 

wooden wheel: setet te'. 

chukob vacas, chukobU vacas. 

(for oxen): yugo. 

(oxen): choj. 

two yokes of oxen: cha'-choj vacas. 

26. Agriculture 

apple 

bean 

burn 

apple orchard: castillan potovtUc, 

broad bean field: chabal castUlan chenek'. 

burn beneatii the frees as when they burn 

thickets for cornfields, leaving large frees 

standing: tokal-te'. 

burn the fields: chik' 'osil. 

cotton 

cultivate 

cultivated 

cultivation 

cut 

dig 

double 

early 

earlyfmiting 

feU 

feUed 

feUing 

fertiUze 

fertilized 

field 

furrow 

burning burning of underbrush: tokal te', tokalte'ivanej, tokavej. 

burnt burnt field: k'ak'etal, k'ak'etaltik. 

cane canefield: ch'ieb vale', vale'tik. 

chop bajbonet. baj. boj, p'as, 

corn 'ixim, 

be threshed (corn): tek'ey 'ixim. 

625 

corn field laborer: jchob-'abtel. 

corn field weeden jtukesej-lum, jtukiejchobtUc, jtukiej-lum. 

corn stubble: k'ajben. 

corn that matures in sixty days: 'ox-vinik 

k'in 'ixim. 

cfry ear of corn: vojton. 

ear of corn (when the kernels are beginning 

to develop): yi batel. 

ear of corn (when tiie kernels are large and 

soft): 'ajan. 

ear of young corn (miUcy with undeveloped 

kernels): yi. 

painted corn: tz'ibal 'ixim. 

person who spends many days in the 

cornfield: jk'ulej la chobtik. 

rainy season corn: Ho'tikil 'ixim. 

summer corn: k'ak'altUcil 'ixim, k'ak'altikil 

'osil 'ixim. 

thresh corn: tek' 'ixim. 

white corn: sakU 'ixim. 

clean and pick cotton: sivuj. 

chabaj, chaban, chaban chob. 

cultivated field: chabajeb, chob. 

cultivated ground: chabanbU 'osil, chabanbil 

lum. 

chabajel, chabjomal. 

(upright object as a free): tz'et 

cut or pick melon or mushr(X)m cap: k'ok. 

dig up (jicama, potato): jotz'. 

dig with blows as with a hoe: vok'. 

(border. cornstaUc, hem, sugarcane): pux. 

double over (cornstalk, sugarcane): pak. 

be early (fmiting): ba'yi . 

(figs, quinces, etc.): ba'yi nach'el, ba'yitajel. 

feU frees: tz'et te'. 

tz'etbil. 

feUed free: tz'etob. 

free being felled: tz'etoj. 

be engaged in felUng frees: tz'etav. 

felling of frees: tz'etob. 

'ak' tzo' caballo, 'och 'u'un tzo' caballo, 

lumtay la tzo'. 

lumtaybU la tzo'. 

jobel, tenlej jobel. 

vok'. 

(either plowed or as in the Mexicans' 

cornfields or as we do when we plant 

radishes): tz'alav. 

(not plowing, bul as the Mexicans prepare 

their cornfields): tz'al. 

plow a furrow: xoj ta vok'el, xoj vok'el. 

plowed furrow: xojbenal, xojbenal ta vok'el. 
626 

garden 

glean 

gleaning 

gleanings 

graft 

grafted 

grape 

green 

grub 

harvest 

hatchet , 

hoe 

hoeing 

hook 

irrigate 

irrigated 

level 

measure 

melon 

net 

orchard 

pasture 

pick 

picked 

plant 

planting 

plow 

plowed 

plowing 

'av 'itaj, 'av tz'unbaltik, 'av tz'unubil. 

tz'unbaltik, lum nichim. 

flower garden: 'av nichim, nichimtik. 

k'uxk'ultay. 

corn: k'uxk'ulaj. 

k'uxk'ulajel. 

gleaning of corn after harvest: k'uxk'ul. 

corn gleanings: tzo' vojton. 

(free): 'imen k'exbon. 

shoot grafted onto a free: 'unen ni'. 

grapevine prop: 'ipajebal. 

tze, tzeel. 

(corn, ete. that is not dry or weU-cifred): yox 

lo. 

corn gmb: chanul 'ixim. 

corn harvest: k'ajoj. 

harvest corn: k'aj. 

harvest time: vojtontik. 

weecUng hatchet 'ak'inajebal. 

boj 'osil, tukesbey, tuki lum. 

bojel 'osil. 

lukbay, lukuchtay. 

(cornfields in the dry season): 'ulbay. 

irrigate with water from a draw well: 

'et'esbey 'a'lel. 

'ulbaybU. 

land: 'ulbal 'osil, 'ulbaltUc. 

become level (cleared field): pach'tzaj. 

measure of seed to be planted: j-te'el. 

melon patch: castiUan ch'umtUc, chabal 

castillan ch'um. 

net for carrying corn: nuti'. 

'av tz'unbaltik, 'av tz'unubU. 

'abnaltik, jobeltik, lo'bajeb chij, lo'bajebal, 

lo'ob, lo'ob chij, voymoltik. 

(beans, chilis, cotton, flowers, fruiQ: tul. 

(flowers, fmit): tuch'. 

pick out or up (as when tiiey pick up grains 

on the ground): tam. 

tuch'ul, tulbil. 

tz'un, tz'unbaj. 

(as tiiey plant corn or we plant radishes): 'av. 

appearance of plants: ch'iel. 

plant a vineyard: tz'un tz'usub. 

'ovol, tz'unbajel. 

boj 'osil, chabaj, chaban, chaban chob, pitz 

'osil. 

plowing: pitzel 'osil. 

extent of ground plowed by one yoke of 

oxen in a day: chabajeb j-choj vacas lajun 

k'ak'al. 

plowed field: tz'alal batel, tz'alaltUc. 

bojel 'osil. 

produce 

prop 

pmne 

pmned 

pull 

purchase 

reap 

reseed 

ridge 

ripe 

ripen 

root 

scarecrow 

seed 

seedling 

sickle 

slip 

sluice 

sow 

sown 

spade 

sprout 

sprouted 

sprouting 

stick 

thin 

thinned 

threshing 

fransplant 

vegetable 

vineyard 

watered 

weed 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

produce witii (corn, fmit): 'utz 'ayan. 

prop up (grapevine): 'ipajes. xok'i. 

k'abay. lok'esbey k'ob. 

pmned part: k'okbenal. 

pull out by the roots (as radishes, carrots, 

without digging): bul. 

pull up easily (as when tiiey weed tiie 

garden): jotzan, jotz'. 

corn purchase: 'ekel, man-'ixim. 

reap wheat: luk. 

cha' lom 'av, cha' lom vaj, cha'-'av, 

cha'-tz'un. cha'-vaj. 

ridge between furrows: tz'alal, 

tok'on, 

become ripe: ta ta'ajel, 

matz'ub, ta'aj. 

on the free (figs or otiier fmit): matz'ub ta te'. 

ripen on the free: matz'ub ta te'el. 

take root 'ibelub, 'iben, tzak lum. 

take root (planQ: 'isimay, 

siblasabU, sibtasan vinUc. 

tz'unbal, tz'unubil, 

seed bed: j-t'abal. j-t'ob, 

'ol tz'unubil. tz'unubU. 

fransplanted seecUing: j-tek tz'unubU. 

lukbayabil 'ixim. 

tz'unbal te', tz'unubU 'ol te'. 

'ocheb 'a'lel, 'ocheb Ho', be 'a'lel, be-o'. 

(wheat): p'up'un. vaj. 

p'up'unbil, vajbil. 

spading: pitzel 'osil. 

'unenal, 'unenal nich, k'exbon, k'exbonaj, 

k'exlomaj, lok', lup, ni', ni'in, tuk, yijub. 

(plant): lok' k'exbon. 

(when partly grown): lok' te'el. 

tzakal, yijU. 

ch'ixil. 

(seecUing): buchul. 

stick on (graft): tz'ak, tz'ak ba. 

thin out: tek'eltek'el lok'es. 

thin out (lettuce, frees): tek'ek'tik lok'es. 

tek'ek'tUc lok'esbU, tek'eltek'el lok'esbU. 

be thinned out: tek'eltek'el lok'. 

threshing floor: tek'obU 'ixim. 

threshing floor (where tiie grain is stirred): 

juyobil 'ixim. 

k'ex lumal 'u'un, lik 'u'un, pet 

vegetable patch: j-t'abal, j-t'ob, t'abal 'itaj. 

tz'usubtUc, chabal tz'usub, chabal chi'. 

malataybil. 

'ak'inaj, 'ak'intay. 

(weedy place): tz'i'lel 'osil, tz'i'leltik, 

weed a second time: cho'ilan, josilan. 
NUMBER 31 627 

weeded 

weeding 

weight 

weed cornfield: 'ak'intay 'ixim, tukesbey, 

tiUcesbey lum, tuki lum, tiUcibey lum, 

weed tcx) early whUe the plants are still 

young: yax-maj, 

tukibil, 

'ak'in, tukesej-lum, tukiej-lum. 

plants removed by weeding: 'ak'in. 

weeding season: k'in 'ak'in. 

hatf a huncfred weight (half a fanega): j-te'el, 

te'el ta muk'ta te'. 

huncfred weight (seed): te'el. 

winnow 

winnowing 

26.A. 

cowherd 

cultivator 

farmhand 

fieldhand 

gardener 

hoer 

plowhand 

plowman 

pmner 

reaper 

vineyard 

weeder 

jik ay, veluy, vuch . 

winnowing floor: 'ik'ayabil 'ixim. 

'ixim. 

Workers 

jchabi-vacas. 

chabjom. 

jchabatal. 

chobtikil vinik. voymoltikil vinik. 

jchabi-'itaj. jpas-'itaj. 

jboj-lum. 

jchabatal. 

jboj-lum. 

jk'abayvanej. jk'okvanej. 

jlukvanej. 

vineyard keeper: jchabi-tz'usub. 

j'ak'in. j'ak'inajel. j'ak'intayvanej 

26.B. Tools. See also constmction tcx)ls 28B. 

adze 'anob te'. 

awl julob xonobU, julobU. 

ax hacha, javob si', javobU si', t'oxob si', 

t'oxobU si', vok'ob si', vok'obU si'. 

two-bladed ax: cha'-jech 'e 'ek'el, cha'-jech 

'e hacha. 

wcxxlworking ax: 'anob te'. 

biUhook biUhcx)k for firewood: p'asob si' 'ek'el. 

blade 'e. 

borer •vatzob te', 

chain ch'ojon lak'in, 

chisel ch'ojob te', ch'ojobil te', joch'ob ton, julob, 

Hotob, Hotob te'. Hotob ton, 

compass p'is, 

cord ch'ajnul, ch*ojon, 

cordage 'ak'il, 

cultivating cultivating tool: chabajeb, 

disk metal disk: setet lak'in, 

wcxxien disk: setet te'. 

driU 

file 

ffre 

ffrm 

flint 

hammer 

hatchet 

hoe 

hook 

instmment 

key 

knife 

ladder 

lathe 

lever 

naU 

peg 

pitehfork 

plane 

pliers 

plumb 

pulley 

quadrant 

rake 

razor 

reaching 

rope 

rubbing 

saw 

shovel 

sickle 

sieve 

sledgehammer 

spade 

ch'ojobU, jcx:h'ob te', joch'obU, julob, Hotob, 

Hotob te'. 

ch'ulob tak'in, ch'ulobU tak'in, josobU tak'in. 

kupob tak'in, lima. 

steel for striking fire with a flint: tak'in. 

instmment for making ffrm: 'ipajebal, tzatzubesab. 

black flint (with which they make razor 

blades): to. 

bajobU, majob, majobU, martiUo, tenob. 

tijob, tijobU, 

stonecutter's hammer: 'anob ton. 

hatehet used by the Indians: 'ek'el, batz'i 

'ek'el. 

iron hatchet castiUan 'ek'el. 

weeding hatchet 'ak'inajeb. 

bojob lum, jotz'ob lum, jok'ob lum, tukiab 

lum, vaUc'unabU lum. 

metal hook: lukuch tak'in. 

wocxlen hcx)k: lukuch te'. 

pasobU. 

jamob na, jamobU na. 

pmning knife: k'abayabU, k'okob, k'okobil, 

xotxot tak'in. 

machul, moch. 

joch'obU le', torno. 

te'. 

clavo. 

peg for tightening or fastening: k'uxiabU. 

wooden peg: clavos te'. 

pitehfork for tiuning wheat: jetav te', payal 

te'. paylej te'. 

ch'ulob te', ch'ulobU te'. t'abob te'. 

lotz'obil. tasob clavos. tasobil clavos. 

plumb bob: liklUc tak'in, p'is. 

setet le'. 

chan-xuk'esabil. 

jotz'ob, jotz'obU. 

navaja. 

instmment for reaching object taobil. 

ch'ojon. 

bark rope: 'ak'. 

grass rope: ch'ajnuybil jobel, ch'ojon jobel. 

rope for puUing beams: tasob ch'ojon. 

rope made of free bark: k'am-xoch'. 

mbbing instmment: jusob, jusobU. 

kupob te'. 

pech'pech' te'. 

hoz, lukbayabil 'ixim, lukbayabil jobel. 

xotxot tak'in. 

wheat sieve: chichinabil castillan 'ixim. 

bajobU, majob, majobil. 

pitz 'osil. 
628 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

square 

tine 

tool 

frowel 

vise 

wedge 

weed-hook 

weecUng 

wheel 

whetstone 

wire 

carpenter's square: chan-xuk'esabU. 

tz'ubtz'ub tak'in. 

'abtejebal, 'abtejebal lak'in. 

'ak'ob tan, ch'ulob tan. 

mason's frowel: juyob tan. 

latz'obil, pitz'ob te', pitz'obU. 

(of carpenter or sculptor): latz'ob. 

pajchuch. 

jotz'ob lum, tukiab lum. 

weeding instmment 'ak'inajeb, 'ak'inajebal. 

stone wheel: setel ton. 

Hux, Huxob, Huxob 'ek'el, Huxob ton, 

HuxobU, HuxHux ton. 

tak'in. 

27. Commercial activity and economic status 

account 

agree 

aid 

'atel. 

agree on (price, deal): nop k'op, pas k'op. 

aid the poor or miserable: 'aboltay, koltay, 

yain. 

business 

butcher shop 

buy 

buyer 

captive 

charitable 

charity 

commercial 

confract 

corn 

cost 

alms 

alms-giver 

auction 

barter 

beg 

beggar 

beggary 

bet 

bid 

borrow 

borrowed 

borrowing 

bought 

bread 

bribe 

bribery 

'abolajel, 'aboltayvanej. 

give alms: 'abolaj, 'abolan, 'aboltay, 'aboltayvan. 

give alms to: 'ak'bey "aboltayel. 

j'abolajel, j'abollayvanej. 

ye ta chonel. 

outbid at auction: toy tojol. 

k'exoj, k'exvanej, man, manoj. 

(as corn for salt or chUi): k'ex. 

barter corn: k'ex 'ixim. 

barter weU: na' k'exel. 

receive in barter or on credit k'extay. 

(poor person): k'anoj, k'anvan. 

jk'anojel, jk'anvanej. 

k'anojel, k'anvanej. 

•'aal, 'ak', 'al, 'ale. 

bel on: 'ak' ta 'ale. 

bet togetiier: 'aley ba. 

lose bet: 'ale. 

win bet 'ale, 'aleyvan. 

bid again: cha'-'ak' ta •'aal, cha'-'ak' ta 'al, 

cha'-'otes ta •'aal. 

ch'amun. 

ch'amunbil. 

article to be borrowed: ch'amunabU. 

borrowed article: ch'amunej, ch'om. 

ch'amunel. 

be bought quickly: pojel maney. 

broken piece of bread given lo beggars: xut, 

xutulil vaj. 

tzajal-'ak'bey, tzajal-tzitz, •votol-tzitz. 

tzajal 'ak'beyel k'op, tzajal tzitzvanej. 

credit 

debenture 

debt 

debtor 

deceive 

earn 

entmst 

exchange 

fafr 

feast 

fine 

'abtel, patan. 

be one's business: na' ta tojol, patan 'ojov. 

new business: 'okel. 

new business (of outsider or person who 

starts new enterprise): be. 

chonob bek'et. 

man, manoj. 

buy corn: 'ekelaj, 'ekeltay. 

buy on a large scale: p'olmaj. 

buy small objects in small amounts: mkul 

man, tukul-man, tukultukul man. 

person who buys at market: jch'ivitajel. 

jmanojel. 

bought captive: manbU mu'nat, mu'nat. 

charitable person: j'abollayvanej. 

'aboltayel, 'aboltayvanej, jalal 'ilel, jalal 

'ilvanej, jol 'ilvanej. 

do charity: 'aboltay. 

commercial deal: vinajesabil ve'el. 

ch'akeb k'op, kak ba, nopeb k'op. 

corn that has been bought 'ekel. 

tam tojol. 

cost more: jelav tojol, muy tojol. 

bought on credit: HalzinbU. 

give on credit: 'ak' ta ch'amol, 'ak' ta HatzU. 

lose one's credit: mu k'ot k'op. 

receive on credit: k'ex. 

take on credit: Hatzin. 

that taken on credit: Hatzinej. 

tzakobil tak'in Hun, lok'esabil tak'in. 

'il. 

free from debt: ch'ay, ch'aybey. 

oblige one to pay his debts: sutes. 

pay a debt with money received from 

another's debt: pakojbey. 

pay one's debts in full: lok', toj. 

payment of debt: lok'el, lok'vanej, tojel, 

tojvanej. 

pledge security for a debt: tasey. 

take a pledge of security for a debt tas, 

tasbey. 

jHatzinvanej. 

deceive person about the price of something: 

lo'loy. 

'elmaj, toj 'abtel. 

enfrust object to (as when enfrusting one's 

house to someone when going to frade): 

tzoyan ba ta tojol, jok'an ba ta tojol. 

k'ex, k'extay. 

ch'ivit, ch'ivitajebal, p'olmajeb, p'olmajebal. 

pay one's share for a feast toj ve'el, 

share in payment of feast: tojol ve'el, 

fine of money or properly: chabajel. 
NUMBER 31 

fish 

guarantor 

hatf 

income 

inheritance 

lend 

lender 

lending 

loan 

loaned 

manager 

market 

marketplace 

Mass 

merchandise 

move 

oatii 

owe 

own 

owned 

owner 

partner 

parmership 

pafron 

pay 

payment 

pilgrim 

pledge 

poor 

fish market chonob choy. 

jlok'tayvanej, jlok'vanej. 

stand as guarantor: lok', lok'tay, va'an ba ta 

tojol. 

half pay: 'o'lol tojol. 

patan. 

poko' bel nail. 

'ak' ta ch'amol, 'ak' la ch'amunel, 'ak' ta 

ch'om. 

j'ak' ta ch'amol, j'ak' ta ch'amunel. 

ch'amol. 

rettirn a loan: sutes. 

'ak'ebU ta ch'amol. 

jnUcesej-'osU, jnikesej-vinajel, jnikesvanej. 

ch'ivit p'oUnajeb, p'olmajebal. 

see the sights in the market: pa'i ch'ivit. 

chonojebal, ch'ivitajebal, yo' 'oy Hu' ch'ivit. 

yo' 'oy Hu' ch'ivitajel. 

charge fee for the Mass: 'ak' pakobU misa, 

pas altar. 

•'ichinal, p'olmalil. 

make a deal move: na' •'akan-'oltay. 

make person swear an oath as creditor does 

to debtor who refuses to pay: naka no 'ox 

'ich' juramentu. 

Hatzinbey, 

ta tojol. 

one's own: leknej tiUc, lekoj tuk. 

object owned: lekoj. 

bet'oj tuk 'a'i. 

be the owner: lekoj tuk 'a'i. 

'atel, lekoj 'ekiUc. 

be a partner of: ta tojol 'atey. 

make person one's parmer: 'ak' 'atey. 

be in partnership with: 'at 

jkoltayvanej, jk'op. 

pay in three installments: cha' ox toj toj. 

toj. 

day set for payment: chonbU k'in. 

deferred payment: Hatzil. 

order of payment tzakobil tak'in Hun, 

k'exobU tak'in Hun, lok'esabil tak'in. 

order of payment for property: tzakobil 

p'ohnal Hun, lok'esabil p'olmal Hun. 

pilgrim who requests confributions for God 

(the Church): jk'anojel, jme'anajel. 

(give something as security): Hatzin. 

'abol ba, 'utz"utz' ba, jok'ol, k'uxob 'olal 

ba, me'on, yavaj. 

aid the poor in their needs: yain. 

become poor: me'anaj. 

desperately poor person: batz'i me'on, ch'uul 

me'on. 

lift up the poor or downcast: p'iles. 

poverty 

present 

printing 

property 

prosperity 

prosperous 

provide 

provider 

prudent 

purchase 

recompense 

refund 

rent 

rented 

repartimiento 

repay 

requite 

resell 

restitution 

return 

reward 

rewarded 

rewarder 

629 

raise tiie poor: toyes. 

'abol ba, 'utz"utz'U ba, k'uxob 'olal ba, 

me'anal, yavaj, yavajU. 

feign poverty: pak'tay ba ta me'on. 

present that is given: motonil. 

send present in return: pak moton. 

tz'ibayab Hun. 

'ayUc'leUl, •'ichinal, bel na, p'olmal, p'olmalU. 

'utzibel, 'utzil, ch'ulelajel. 

toj 'utz, loj nopbU. 

be prosperous: 'oy ch'ulel ta pasel, nopbilnopbU pas. 

'elmajes, vinajes. 

provide clothes, food and lodging: mak'lin. 

provide for: tz'akubtas. 

provide for person in want: makbey me'anal. 

j ' ay anaj es vanej, j ' elmajes vanej. 

be prudent at work or in business: •'akan-

'oltay. 

manojel. 

corn purchase: 'ekel, man-'ixim. 

outbid at purchase: toy tojol. 

purchase of small objects in small amounts: 

tuku-man. 

secure tiie purchase in competition: k'ex ta 

manel. 

'ak' pakol 'aboltayel, pak 'aboltayel, pakbey 

'aboltayel 'u'un, pakbey 'utzil, pakol. 

pakol 'aboltayvanej. 

'ak' k'exol. 

'ak' la ch'amunel, 'ak' ta ch'om, ch'amun, 

ch'amunabil, tojolil. 

apply rent 'ak' patan, k'ot 'ak' patan. 

k'otic'otes patan. 

pay rent 'och patan "u'un. 

rent of 1/5 of harvest 'otol. 

rent out: ch'amun. 

rented article: ch'om. 

lekoj. 

repay in kind: pak. 

pak. 

lo'loyvan, tasvan ta p'olmal. 

'ak'el k'exol, •pakxinel. 

return a loan: •pakxin. 

return of gift or insult pakol. 

'aboltay, 'aboltayel, 'aboltayvanej, 'ak' pakol 

'aboltayel, pak 'aboltayel, pakbey 'aboltayel 'u'un, pakbey 'utzU, pakol, pakol 

'aboltayvanej, pakol 'utzil, toj, tojolU. 

'aboltaybU, pakbil *utz, pakbU 'utzU 'u'un, 

tojoltasbU. 

be rewarded: tojoltasey. 

jpak 'aboltayel, jpak-'utz. 
630 

rich 

sack 

sale 

sell 

share 

simoniac 

simony 

skin 

sold 

solicit 

spend 

squandered 

squanderer 

store 

sue 

support 

tip 

frade 

frading 

fransfer 

freasurer 

freasury 

unprofitably 

wage 

war 

wealth 

whore 

whoring 

wine 

'ayUc'al, 'ayik'aletUc. 

become rich: vokolij. 

grow rich: 'ayik'lej. 

rich man: 'ayUc'al chabjom. 

palm sack in which tiiey carry or sell salt: 

mokan. 

quick sale: pojel. 

sell on a large scale: p'olmaj. 

'otol. 

pay one's share: lekojlekoj loj ve'el. 

jchon k'op dios, jchon patan dios. 

chonel patan dios, chonel sacramento, manel 

patan dios, simonia. 

shop where skins are sold: chonob nukul. 

be sold quickly: pojel bat. 

•'akan-'olaj, •'akan-'oltay, sabaj, sabaltas. 

bal 'u'un, laj 'u'un. 

be squandered: ma'-batik bat, ma'-batUc laj, 

mu vinaj bat. 

jlajesvanej, ma'-batik jlajesel. 

tienda. 

sue at law (criminal, debtor, accuser): jam la 

tz'el jch'akel. 

tz'akubtas, mak'lin, sak-^ti'in, yain. 

support oneself: tz'itas ba, mak'Un ba, 

mak'linej ba, sak-^ti'in ba, ve'eltas ba. 

'ak' pakol, 'ak'bey tojol, pak 'aboltayvanej, 

pakol 'aboltayel. 

"okelan, bein, patnen, p'olmaj, p'olman, 

p'olmay. 

p'olmajel. 

go frading: bat ta xanbal. 

market fracUng: ch'ivitajel. 

(debt, command, office): p'asoj 'u'un, p'asojes. 

jchabi k'anal tak'in, jchabi-tak'in. 

pubUc freasury: chabibU k'anal tak'in. 

live unprofitably: naka-xanav. 

tojol 'abtel, tojolil, tojoUl ta 'abtel. 

earn wages: tzak. 

earn wages in war: 'ich' tojol, tojey, tojey ta 

ch'ilomal. 

wage earned in war: tojol ta yabutU, tojolil. 

'ayUc'leUl, •'ichinal, •'ichinalU, 'utzU, bel 

na, p'olmal, p'olmaUl. 

improve one's wealth: 'Uc'ti'ij. 

improve one's wealth or luck: vokolij. 

increase one's wealth (as in wUls some are 

more improved than others): p'Uil 'aboltay. 

multiply one's wealtii almost inadvertentiy: 

'ep 'esomajes. 

kobvan, mulav. 

go whoring: majav. 

sell wine: chon chi'. 

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

27.A. Merchants and frades people 

barterer 

bookseller 

butcher 

cart 

charcoal 

dealer 

estimator 

fish 

fishmonger 

huckster 

lender 

linen 

meat 

merchant 

middleman 

miller 

outbidder 

printer 

pubUcan 

rag 

rich 

sell 

soliciter 

speculator 

storekeeper 

taffy-seUer 

tavernkeeper 

frader 

whore 

whoremaster 

wine 

woodcutter 

jmanojel. 

(merchant who does not travel, but who is 

in a store): jk'exojel. 

jchon-Hun. 

jchon-bek'et. 

cart driver: jchabi setet te'. 

charcoal maker: jchik'-'ak'al. 

jk'opojel. 

jnop-tojolil, jnopvanej. 

weigher of fish: jp'is-choy. 

jchon-choy. 

jcha' -chonojel, jlo' loyvanej, jtasol-man, jtasolmanvanej, jtasvanej ta p'olmal. 

j'ak' ta ch'amol, j'ak' la ch'amunel. 

linen sellen jchon sakil pok'. 

weigher of meat jp'is-bek'el. 

storekeeper: jchonojel. 

jch'ak tojol, jnop tojol, jpas-k'op. 

jjuch'-'ixim, jjuch'nom. 

jtoy-p'olmal. 

j'otesej Hun ta lak'in, jtz'ibay Hun ta tak'in. 

jvayantasvanej, jvayijesvanej. 

rag dealer: jchon-pano, jp'olmajel. 

rich frader: 'ayik'al xanvil. 

person who sells at market: jch'ivitajel. 

soliciter who always gains a profit: jjosel. 

jna'-tzaijel. 

jchabi-tienda, jchon-p'olmal, jchonojel. 

jchon panbil pom, melcochero. 

jchon-chi'. 

jp'olmajel, xanvU. 

'ix la majel, jkobel, majavil 'antz, mulavU 

'antz. 

become a whore: majav. 

jkobvanej, mulavU xinch'ok. 

wine merchant: jchon-chi'. 

si'bU. 

27.B. Value 

appraisal 

appraise 

appraised 

appraiser 

cheap 

cheat 

cost 

ch'akel. 

nop ta, nop tojol, nopbey tojol. 

be appraised: javay. 

jnop-tojolil, jnopvanej. 

mo joluk, yalel tojol. 

be cheap: mo 'oyuk tojol. 

jpak'tayej. 

cost more: jelav tojol, muy toiol. 

cost so much: Hech 'ak' tojol, Hech 'epal 

tojol. 
NUMBER 31 631 

costiy more costiy: muyesbU tojol. 

deceive deceive person about tiie price of something: 

lo'loy. 

enrich 'ayUc'lejes, 'ayUc'leltas, vokolijes. 

enriched 'ayUc'lejesbil. 

enrichment 'ayik'lejel. vokolijel. 

expensive jol. toyol tojol. 

be expensive: *ep tojol. 

figure figure out (as when we figure out a price or 

how a thing is made): nop. 

handy jUom no 'ox. 

be handy: 'ep ta mek tuuney, buytikuk 'ep 

la mek tuun, tuun no 'ox tuk, mun tuk. 

necessary be necessary: 'ep tuun 'u'un k'usitik, batz'i 

tuun, toj 'oy tu, toj 'oy tuul, toj tuun, tuun. 

necessary object: Ha' te tuune. Ha' te 

tuuneye. 

need 'oy tu 'u'un, 'oy tuul 'u'un, k'anbey, tuun. 

tuun 'u'un. 

needed be needed: 'oy tu. tuul, tuun. 

precious be precious: toj jol. 

price ch'ak tojol, jak' tojol, nop ta, nop tojol, 

nopbey tojol, tojoUl. 

agree on a price: nop tojol. 

fall in price: 'ech'olaj, yal tojol. 

figure out a price: nop tojol. 

price lag (sign that purchase price has been 

agreed upon): lUctzanabil. 

raise the price of: jalajes, muyes tojol. 

rise in price: muy tojol, p'il tojol, toy tojol. 

set a price: ch'ak tojobU, ch'ak tojol. 

settie on a price: 'ak' chon, "ak' ta chonel. 

with price set ch'akbU tojol. 

with the price raised: jalajesbil. 

produce produce witii (corn, fmit): 'utz 'ayan. 

profit •'elo, 'esomaj, jelaveb, p'Uemal. 

make a profit: 'elmaj, 'elmaj p'olmal, 'ep 

tzak. tojoUn 'u'un. vinaj 'u'un. 

profit by: 'a'i. 

profitable be profitable: 'elmaj yo' 'oy, 'oy jelaveb 

'ich', 'oy p*Uemal 'ich', lok' yo' 'oy. 

seventh seventh part of a determined amount (fine 

for robbery): Huk-mekel Hech 'epal tojol. 

stone most precious stone of all: k'an-ch'ixal ton. 

precious stone: jayal ton. 

surety 'ak'el la Hatzil, lok'el. 

freasure buried freasure: but'bil k'anal tak'in. 

hidden freasure: nak'bil tak'in. 

valuable jaka jol, jol. 

be more valuable: 'oy tojol, jelav tojol. p'UU 

tojol 'ech'. 

be valuable: 'ep tojol, 'ip jalal. 

value k'ux 'a'i, nop ta, nop tojol, nopbey tojol, 

tojolU. 

valued 

value highly: toj jalan, toj jol 'a'i, toj tuun 

'a'i. 

be highly valued: jalaj. 

27.C. Currency 

cUnk 

cocoa 

coin 

counterfeit 

counterfeiter 

find 

fine 

forge 

forged 

forger 

money 

money-maker 

peso 

(faUing metal or money): tzanlaj, t'ijlajet. 

counterfeiting of cocoa beans: p'isel la 

kokov. 

forge cocoa: pak'tay ta kokov. 

forged cocoa: pak'taybU ta kokov. 

tomin. 

copper coin (quarter): 'ek'el tomin. 

gold coin: k'anal tak'in tomin, tak'in, tonal 

tak'in. 

stiver coin: batz'i tomin. 

counterfeit cocoa bean: k'axtok kokov. 

jpak'tayvanej, jpak'tayvanej ta tz'ib. 

(lost object as money, feathers): tam, tamolaj. 

fine of money or property: chabajel. 

lok'tay. pak'tay, p'is. 

pak'taybil. 

jpak'tayvanej. 

cocoa bean forger: jpak'tayej ta kokov. 

manob, manojeb, tak'in. 

counterfeit money: k'axtok tak'in, pak'tayej 

tak'in. 

forge money: pak'tay la tak'in, p'is ta tomin. 

pilferer of money: jtas-tak'in. 

jpas-tak'in, jpas-tomin, jten-tomin. 

peso. 

27.D. Labor and fribute 

bearer 

busy 

job 

labor 

laborer 

meet 

j'ikatznom. 

be busy: 'oy patan, jok'tzaj. 

be too busy: mu Hu' 'a'i. 

be too busy (to do something because of 

disturbances): mo 'elmaj k'in. 

be very busy: 'ep patan. 

keep busy: 'abtejes, 'ak' patan. 

state of being busy: patan. 

'abtel, patan. 

a week's labor: Huk-k'in 'abtel. 

be exempted from labor: kol ta 'abtel. 

exempt from labor: kolesbil ta "abtel, koltaybil 'ok, koltaybil k'ob. 

become a day laborer: 'och ta na 'ajval, chon 

ba. 

day laborer: j'abtel. 

meet unexpectedly al work or at war: nuptan, 
632 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

nupul-bein. 

occupation 'abtel. 

respite enjoy a respite from sickness or work: 

k'un-yamaj 'a'i, laanlaan 'a'i, lamaUamal 

'a'i. 

respite from sickness or work: k'un-yamanil. 

retired ch'aybU 'abtel, ch'aybil patan, ch'aybU ta 

"abtel, ch'aybU la patan. 

be retfred: ch'ay patan. 

rough rough work: tenkextUc pasel. 

servant be a servant of: pas patan. 

serve 'al, tz'ak-pati, chi'in, va'an. 

serve at table: ve'eltas. 

servitude mu'natil patan. 

enter into servitude: 'ajvalej. 

sweat place where one sweats: chik'inabil, 

chik'inebal. 

tax jamob bail, patan. 

coUect taxes: 'ich' patan, 'ich' tak'in, tzob 

'ikatz, tzob patan, k'an patan. 

compulsory lax: tzajal patan. 

pay lax: 'al patan, pak patan. 

lax collection: 'ich'el patan, tzobel patan, 

k'anel patan. 

tax collector: jtzob-patan. 

taxation person exempt from taxation: 'ol vinik. 

taxpayer pala-vinUc, jpatnejel. 

top-ranking top-ranking worker: ba j'abtel, ba ta 'abtel. 

fravel person whose job it is to travel: xanvil. 

fributary pala-vinUc, jpatnejel. 

tribute •mu'nil, patan. 

be exempt from tribute: kol la patan. 

coUect tribute: 'ich' k'uk'. 

exempt from tribute: ch'aybil patan, ch'aybU 

ta patan, kolesbil ta patan. 

pay fribute: 'al patan, pak patan, patnej. 

set tribute: ch'ak patan. 

tribute notice: Hun patan. 

unoccupied be unoccupied: •'ap'. 

work 'abtej, 'abtejel, 'abtel, 'abtelan, pasben, 

patan. 

absent from work: ch'ayal, p'evel. 

be absent from work: ch'ay, p'ev. 

be absolved from work: ch'ay patan. 

ease work: yamaj 'abtel 'u'un. 

exempt from work: ch'aybU 'abtel, ch'aybil 

la 'abtel. 

give work to: 'abtejes, patnejes. 

have a lot of work: 'ep patan. 

have work: 'oy patan. 

make work: 'ak' patan. 

mix many works: 'Uel 'Uel 'abtel, 'ilel 'ilel 

tza, 'ilel 'ilel pasnej. 

one day's work: jun k'ak'al patan. 

worker 

workmanship 

person absent from work: jp'evel. 

rough work: nakatik 'abtelanel, nakatUc 

pasel. 

time-consuming work: jok'tzajel 'abtel. natU 

'abtel. natil ch'en. 

work clothes: 'abtejeb k'u'ul. 

work done: pasnej. 

j'abtel, jpatan. 

'abtelanel, pasel. 

poor workmanship: mo 'utzuk 'abtelanel, 

mo 'utzuk pasel. 

28. Constmction 

adobe 

arch 

arched 

beam 

bind 

board 

break 

brick 

brick works 

build 

building 

carve 

patbil lum, xamiti. 

lay or make adobes: ch'ubaj, ch'uban, 

ch'ubay. 

build an arch: xot. 

build arches: xototUc ch'ubay. 

become arched: xottzaj, xotey, xotij. 

make arched: xotzan, xotan, xottzajes. 

tz'am te'. 

beam tiiat projects Uke a corbel: payal lok'el. 

lay beams: nop te'el. 

lay beams (carpenter): tojobtas te'el. 

lay beams or boards (carpenter): 'ak' te'el. 

unhewn beam: pispis tz'am te'. 

(as when tiiey bind the poles of tiieir houses): 

jit'. 

bind (with vines or cords as they do with tiie 

smaller beams of thefr houses): jit'omaj. 

jayal te', tenal te'. 

lay boards: 'ak' tenal te'al. 

break or cut roots or vines with which tiiey 

bind the wcx)d of thefr houses: ch'ak, 

luch'. 

break or smash (eggs, avocados, head, pol, 

boards, tiles): vok'. 

'otes chik'bil xamiti, bUc'tal ch'ubU xamiti, 

tzajal xamiti, chik'bil xamiti. 

lay or make bricks: ch'ubaj, ch'uban, ch'ubay. 

patobU chik'bil xamiti, putvanab chik'bU 

xamiti. 

'ak' te'el, ch'uban, ch'ubay, nop te'el, 

tojobtas te'el. 

support building witii posts or butfresses: 

xok'i. 

'an. 

(not with a chisel, but as frimming a beam 

or carving wood): joch'. 

carve mouldings: joch'. 

carve stone: 'an ton. 

carve stone image: k'oj. 
NUMBER 31 633 

chisel 

constmction 

crack 

cut 

demoUsh 

dig 

dress 

driU 

drive 

enclose 

file 

fit 

floor 

foundation 

framework 

go 

hammer 

hew 

house 

incontinent 

lay 

level 

loft 

mortar 

nail 

paint 

painted 

pave 

carve with a chisel or other thing by hitting 

it k'oj. 

carve wood: 'an te'. 

'eteltas, ch'oj, ch'ojvan, jul. 

ch'ubajel, ch'ubanej, ch'ubayej, naivej. 

(board, window, door): 'ap'alul. 

(with two things, as scissors or as they cut 

the thatch for thefr houses with an ax and 

a stick): lotz', sep'. 

(house, building): jin. 

demoUsh or puU down (house, building): 

tiUc, ttikes. 

(as they dig with poles): jok'. 

(beam): tojobtas. 

ch'oj. 

(naUs or stakes in a wall): baj. 

drive in with rock or sledgehammer: pajchuchuy. 

joy. 

ch'iU tak'in. jos tak'in. 

fit in or together (beams): nup. 

fit into or together (door and doorjamb): nop. 

lay a brick floon 'ak' chik'bU xamiti ta 

lumtik. chol chik'bil xamiti. laman xamiti. 

lay an earth floor, but' na la lum. 

lay cement flcx)r: 'ak' tan na. 

lay a foundation: 'ak' tanal, 'ak' tanal lUceb 

ch'ub, 'ibeltas, 'och 'u'un ton ta likeb 

ch'ub, lUces ch'ub. 

make framework with small pole: xulay. 

go through (needle in clothes, driU in a 

board): jelav. 

maj la martillo, majulan, tij, tij ta martillo, 

tijulan. 

(stone): k'ojk'onet. 

'an. 

(stone): 'an ton. 

(wood): 'an te'. 

build a house: naiv. 

small poles for house constmction: xul. 

Ha' ta mo yokbiluk xanave. 

(adobes, bricks, stones as the officials do): 

tz'al. 

(adobes, bricks, stones): tz'aloj. 

nivel. 

constmct loft: 'ak' tenal te'al. 

tz'alobil, kap, kap 'a'al tan, tan, tenobU. 

good mortar: para asentar.... 

have good mortar: 'utz 'ach'el. 

baj. 

'ak'bey bon, bon, bonoj, bonol, tz'ibaj. 

tz'ibay. 

tz'ibaybU. 

laman, pach'an ton. 

paved 

paving 

plane 

plank 

planked 

plant 

plaster 

plastered 

pole 

prop 

pull 

push 

repair 

roof 

row 

mb 

saw 

scrape 

scraping 

split 

squared 

stockade 

stone 

sfraight 

sfraightei 

sfrengthe 

sfrengthe 

lamal ton, lamanbil. 

lamanbil ton, pach'anbil ton. 

ch'ul, ch'ulvan. 

'otes te'el, tenal-te'i. 

'ak'ebU tenal te'al, tenal-te'ibil. 

be planked: 'och tenal te'. 

(post in the ground with one's hands): paj. 

kap, pak', pak'av, pox, xokom. 

(putting on quantities of plaster as with a 

frowel): 'ak' tan, juy tan, pas ta tan. 

plaster lightiy witii daub to fill cracks and 

to smootii surface: jus. 

poxtaybU. 

te'. 

long pole: natU te'. 

small pole: bik'it te', bik'tal te'. 

prop up by putting stick or stone underneath: 

xoney. 

wooden prop: xoneyabU te'. 

pull out (object without roots, pole, stake): 

botz'. 

(as when they push or lift a beam): xij. 

(as when they push the door open or closed): 

net', 

(faulty consfruction): mak. 

(leaking roof): ch'ik. 

'ak' te'el jol na. 'ak'bey te'el jol na, 'och 

te'al 'u'un, sik'av, sik'ay. 

laid roof rods: sak-te'ibil. 

lay roof rods: sak-te'i, sak-te'ij. 

lay small roof poles: xulav, xulay. 

laying of roof rods: sak-te'ivanej. 

raise the roof purlins: chukav, chukay. 

uncover or remove thatch or tiles from a roof: 

jol. 

(of stones, or adobe or anytiiing laid on top 

of each other): j-kajal. 

mb together (bricks): jos ba 'u'un. 

mb together (bricks, rocks): jux. juxilan. 

mb together (two bricks): jos. 

kup, p'as. 

(boards): jotz', josilan. 

sound of a beam being pushed on top of 

another: jech'et. 

split with wedges: pajchuchuy. 

be squared: chan-xuk' 'ayan. 

make a stockade: kukub-te'e. 

lay stones: ch'uban, ch'ubay. 

lay stones (as do the officials): ch'ubaj. 

(upright poles): va'al, va'aluk. 

sfraighten with one's hands (beam): tojobtas. 

'ipajes, 'och tzatzubeb 'u'un, 'och tzatzubesabU 'u'un, tzatzubes, tzatzubtas, yijubes. 

be sfrengthened: 'ipaj. 
634 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

thatch 

thatching 

tUe 

tile works 

fruss 

vault 

whitewash 

sUc'av, sUc'ay. 

sUc'avej. 

make lUes: pat 

piece of tile: vok'olil xamiti. 

roof tile: chik'bil jomal xamiti, jomal xamiti. 

na xamiti, patob xamiti. 

chukobil tonUil. 

build vaults: xototik ch'ubay. 

taniv, tanivej. 

(with slaps of tiie bmsh): maj-tani. 

28.A. Workers 

arch 

brick 

builder 

carpenter 

carver 

foundation 

mason 

painter 

plasterer 

quarrier 

smcx)th 

stonecutter 

stonemason 

surveyor 

tUe 

whitewasher 

28.B. Tools 

arch builder: jxot-ch'ubayej. jxotvanej. 

brick maker: jpat-xamiti. 

jch'ubayej-na, naivil, jnaivej. 

official buUder: jch'ubajel. 

j'an-te', jch'ul-te'. 

jjoch' , jjoch'vanej. 

foundation maker: j'ak' ton ta likeb ch'ub, 

j'ibeltasej-ch'ub. 

person who lays a foundation: jlUcesej-ch'ub. 

jtz'alojel, ch'ubavaU, jch'ubajel, jch'ul-na, 

jch'ul-tan, jt'ab-na. 

(adobe-layer): jtz'al-xamiti. 

official mason: j'abtel, ch'ubavU. 

tz'ibajom, jtz'ib, jtz'ibayvanej. 

ffrst painter: ba tz'ibajom, ba jtz'ib, ba ta 

tz'ib, ba ta tz'ibajel. 

jjusnom, pak'om. 

jlok'esej-ton. 

person who smooths flcx)r or waU: jch'iUvanej. 

j'an-ton. 

jtz'al-ton. 

jvok'-lum. 

tUe maken jpat-xamiti. 

tanivU. 

angle right angle: escuacfra, p'is. 

anvil me' tenob lak'in. 

axlefree axlefree of a cart: joyijeb setet le'. 

bag blacksmitii's tool bag: josobU 'ich'ak cabaUo. 

bellows Hubob k'ok', HubobU. 

biUhook biUhook for ffrewood: p'asob si' 'ek'el. 

borer •vatzob le'. 

bmsh carding bmsh: jach'ubtayabil, jach'ubtayabU 

tux-nok' chij. 

card carding bmsh: tak'in jach'ub. 

hammer bajobU, majob, majobil, martUlo, tenob, 

tijob. 

blacksmitii's hammer: tenob tak'in. tenobil. 

tenobU tak'in. 

mold mold for tiles, bricks, etc.: patobU xamit 

naU clavo. 

plumb plumb bob: UklUc tak'in, p'is. 

quacfrant chan-xiUc'esabil. 

square carpenter's square: chan-xuk'esabil. 

frowel 'ak'ob tan. ch'ulob tan. 

mason's frowel: juyob tan. 

vise latz'obil. pitz'ob te'. pitz'obU. 

(of carpenter or sculptor): latz'ob. 

28.C. 

disturbed 

dweUing 

entmst 

facing 

front 

guest 

haU 

hide 

house 

hut 

lodge 

partition 

preach 

settier 

site 

tear 

view 

Buildings 

thoroughly disturbed (person, speech, house): 

sokoktik. 

k'ulebal. 

entmst object to (as when entmsting one's 

house to someone when going to trade): 

tzoyan ba ta tojol. jok'an ba ta tojol. 

facing the house of ...: 'ichorunej ba chi'uk 

na. 

in front of (one house or anotiier): 'elanej ba. 

guest who Icxlges in one's house: 'ix kelemU. 

jUjU na. muk'ta na. tastas na. 

hide in one's house: mak-nai ba. 

na. 

build a house: naiv. 

dry house: taki-na. 

old house: k'a'-na, k'a'al na. 

small house: bik'tal na. 

use as a house: nain. 

lecho-pat. 

vayantas. 

xamital •pok'omtik. 

preaching place: tzitza'ajel, tzitzvanejeb. 

(who builds houses): naivU. 

house site: 'av na. 

tear down (house, buUding): jin. 

(from the house or the window): vinajeb 

'osil. 

have a view (from the house or the window): 

vinaj 'osU yo' 'oy. 

28.C.1. Buildings for animals 

beehive na pom, te'el pom. 

bird cage kolol le'. 

cattie cattie pen: tzobleb, kunleb, vayeb. 

chicken chicken pen: na tuluk'. 

cow cow barn: na vacas. 
NUMBER 31 635 

dovecote na xch'ach'ak. 

manger lo'bajeb chij, lo'ob chij. 

pigpen na chitom, vayeb chitom. 

sheep sheep pen: na tux-nok' chij. 

sheepcote chobtikil na. 

stable lo'bajeb caballo. lo'bajeb chij. lo'ob chij. na 

cabaUo. vayeb caballo. 

28.C.2. Buildings for industry, commerce, food production 

bakery 

brick works 

brotiiel 

butcher shop 

dining 

fish 

granary 

hostel 

inn 

lodging 

mUI 

saltworks 

skin 

store 

storeroom 

tavern 

tile works 

chonob vaj, pasob vaj. 

patobU chik'bil xamiti, putvanab chik'bil 

xamiti. 

mul na, mulaveb na, mulavil na. 

chonob bek'et. 

dining haU: na ve'el. 

fish market chonob choy. 

'av 'ixim, na 'ixim, ten, ten 'ixim. 

store in a granary: tenay. 

underground granary for wheat: lumal ten, 

ta 'ut lum ten. 

'ix-kelmajebal. 

'ix-kelmajebal, vayebal, vayebal na. 

vayal na. 

juch'nebal na. 

(pot or house): kumayab, kumayabU 'atz'am. 

shop where skins are sold: chonob nukul. 

tienda. 

chabiabU. 

chonob chi', chonob vino, 

na xamiti, patob xamiti. 

28.C.3. Public and miUtary buildings 

auditorium 

castie 

church 

courthouse 

dress 

dungeon 

fortification 

fortified 

fortify 

forfress 

(place where they listen): 'a'iab, 'a'iabil. 

tzatzal na. 

ch'uul na, iglesia, na dios. 

'ol na, ch'akebal 'ol, ch'akob k'op. 

place where one cfresses or puts on armor: 

tzatzajebal. 

chukvanab ch'en, chukvanab ta 'ut lum, 

lumal chukvanab, mak-naiabil, maknaivanab. 

'ipajel, 'ipajesel, tzatzubtasel. 

'ip, 'ipajesbil, tzatzubesbU, tzotz, yijubesbil. 

be fortified: 'ipaj. 

that which is lo be fortified: tzatzubesbol. 

'ipajes, 'ipaltas, 'och tzatzubeb 'u'un, 'och 

tzatzubesabU 'u'un, tzatzubes, tzatzubtas, 

yijubes. 

tzatzal na, tonal na. yabutinab na. 

garrison garrison a forfress: 'ipajes yabutinab na, 

tzatzubtas yabutinab na. 

jail chukvanab, na te'. 

use house as a jail: mak-nai ta na. 

jailed jailed in someone's house: mak-naibil ta na, 

leave leave quickly as from the church or school: 

soblaj lok', tiklaj lok', •votol-lok', •votolan lok'el, 

library na Hun, 

monastery monasterio, na pacfre. 

palace 'ajvalel na, 'ajvayeb na, 

royal palace: na 'ojov, na tekpan. 

parish parish house: muk'ta na, tanil na. 

poorhouse na me'on, vayeb nich'on. 

sanctuary tz'alav na. 

school chanantasvanab na, chanob na. 

dancing school: 'ak'otajeb, chanob 'ak'ot 

fencing school: chanob yabutil. 

shelter take shelter in the church: koles ba. 

stockade joy-te', makob te', tenam te'. 

make a stockade: kukub-te'e. 

torture place of torture: 'ilob 'Uc'ti', 'ilob vokol. 

tower defense lower: natil ch'ilomal na. 

highest tower of a forttfication in which the 

warden lived: jol yabutijebal na. 

freasiuy pubUc freasury: chabibU k'anal tak'in. 

turret pixixul. 

waU turreted wall: pixixultik. 

watehtower pa'ivanab, pa'ivanab 'osil. 

28.D. Parts of buildings 

arch xotav, xotol, xototik. 

attic 'ak'ol na, jol na. 

back door belel pat na. 

beam tz'am te'. 

beam tiiat projects like a corbel: payal lok'el. 

belfry na campana, na tak'in. 

bridal bridal chamber: tz'alav na jnupunel, nail 

pop, vayeb jnupunel. 

chimney lok'eb ch'ail. 

chimney shaft lok'eb ch'ail. 

choir (of the church): k'eyojinebal. 

column nakleb chikin te'. 

marble column: chikin bax. 

stone column: chikin ton. 

stone column or pUlar: 'oy tonal. 

wooden column: chikin te'. 

wooden column or pillar: 'oy te'el. 

corner xuk'av, xuk'lej, xuk'ultik. 

corner of house: chUcin na, xokon na. 

corridor wooden corridor: chUcin te'. 

crossbar makobU mak na, makobil puerta. 
636 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

dining 

door 

doorway 

dormitory 

embrasure 

entablature 

enfrance 

exit 

facade 

floor 

foundation 

fountain 

gaUery 

gameroom 

grate 

hole 

house 

key 

lintel 

lock 

loophole 

mUl 

padlock 

partition 

patio 

pedestal 

piUar 

plastered 

platform 

dining haU: na ve'el. 

puerta, ti' likeb, ti' lok'ebal, ti' na. 

back door: ti' pat na. 

bar across door to hinder enfrance: k'ux mak 

na. 

dcx>r latch: makobU. 

door pivot hole: va'leb 'ok mak na. 

french doors: cha'-nup' mak na. 

wocxlen door: mak na, makobU na. 

xotav, xotol. 

vayebal. 

jom. 

na te'el. 

'ochebal, 'ochel. 

lok'eb, lok'el. 

'elov, 'ichon na, ti' na. 

lumtUc ta na. 

brick floor: chUc'bil xamiti la lumtik, chik'bU 

xuch', lamanbil xamit ta lumtik, melbU 

chUc'bU xamiti. 

cement floor: t'abbil tan ta lumtik. 

stone flcx)r: lamanbU ton ta lumtik. 

'ibel ch'ub, likeb ch'ub. 

foundation diteh: lUceb ch'ub. 

'av Ho', lok'eb Ho'. 

sun gallery: 'a'iab k'ak'al, k'atinab k'ak'al. 

(where they play): ch'akob k'op, nakleb 

'ojov. 

jos. 

(term now used): reja, verja. 

fron window grate: kolol tak'in. 

wcx)den grate: cholbil te', mak te', melbU 

chikin te', melbil le'. 

wooden window grate: kolol te'. 

pivot hole (dcx)r): ch'ojbenal 'ok mak na. 

house framework: te'el. 

small poles for house constmction: xul. 

jamob na, jamobU na. 

'ak'ol ti' na, 'ak'ol va'leb mak na. 

house lock: makob na. 

'ocheb sakubel, jom, sakubeb 'osil. 

juch'nebal ton. 

mUl wheel: rodezno, tak'in, te'el. 

makob na, makobil na. 

jayil •pok'omtik, •pok'om, •pok'omtik. 

'amak', 'amak'il. 

nakleb chikin te'. 

chikin. 

stone pillar: chUcin ton. 

wooden pUlar: chikin te'. 

poxtaybU. 

tem. 

platform or walkway beneatii tiie roof around 

their houses: •poch'om, •poch'omal na. 

porch 

portal 

post 

rafter 

roof 

room 

sanctuary 

siesta 

stafr 

stake 

step 

storeroom 

tiiatch 

threshing 

threshold 

tmss 

turret 

vault 

vent 

winnowing 

'amak', ti' na. 

sun porch: 'a'iab k'ak'al, 

'ichon na, 

house post: 'oy. 

post with a hook: jok'leb. 

supporting post 'ipajebal, tzatzubeb, tzatzubtasabil. xok' ch'ub. 

tz'am te'. 

jol na. 

laid roof rods: sak-te'ibil. 

roof rod: sak-te'. sak-te'el. 

small roof jutting out from the wall to shelter 

people from the rain: ti' sUc. 

tUe roof: xamital jol na. 

bik'tal na, tz'alav na. 

cfrawing room (where ladies are received): 

nakleb 'antz. 

tz'alav na. 

place for taking a siesta: 'et'esab k*ak*al. 

muyebal, tek'obal. 

stake for hanging things: 'oy. 

(for ascending): muyebal. 

chabiabU. 

(for houses, with a rather wide leaf): 'anal 

jobel. 

threshing floor: tek'obU 'ixim. 

threshing floor (where the grain is stirred): 

juyobil 'bcim. 

'olon ti' na, 'olon-va'leb mak na. 

chukobil toniUl. 

pixixul. 

xototik. 

'avanabil. 

winnowing floor: 'ik'ayabil 'ixim, vuch'iabil 

'ixim. 

28.D.1. WaUs, fences, outdoor enclosures 

arbor 

breach 

butfress 

bulfressed 

cracked 

enclosed 

enclosure 

fence 

foot 

gate 

'axibal 'abnal. 

(in the form of a hul or a house): nail 'abnal. 

ch'ojoUl tenam ton. 

'ipajeb ch'ub, 'ipajebal, 'ipan, 'oy ch'ub. 

xokon ch'ub, xok' ch'ub. 

be bulfressed: 'ipaj. 

cracked wall: 'up'ul. 

joybil. 

area or object being enclosed: joyoj. 

enclosed area or object: joyben. 

joy-te'. 

joy-te', joyol, makol, mok. 

fence in: mak. 

foot of waU: 'ibel ch'ub. 

town gate: 'ocheb j-tek lum. ti' nanatik. 
NUMBER 31 637 

moat chuk'ob, 

outbuilding naU, 

patio 'amak'. 'amak'U, 

privy tza'nabil. tza'nabU jia, na tzo', 

protmding (adobes or stones in Ul-made wall): bet'et'ik, 

raUing stone raiUng: chikin ton. 

wooden railing: chikin te'. 

step (for ascending): muyebal. 

sweatbath pus. 

town waUed town: tenam-tonibU j-tek lum. 

urinal k'abnabU. 

waU ch'ub. 

adobe wall: xamital ch'ub. 

be two deep (wall of adobe or stones): 

cha'-k*ol bat. 

church waU: ch'ub na dios. 

corner of a waU: ni' ch'ub. 

stone wall: tonal ch'ub. 

sfraight wall: tojol ch'ub. 

town waU: tenam ton. 

turreted wall: pixixultik. 

waU of slakes, mud or mortar: pak'bal na, 

•pok'om, •pok'omtUc. 

waU with many tiurets: pak'ak'tUc. 

whitewashed waU: tanibU •pok'om, tanibU 

•pok'omtik. 

yard 'amak', 'amak'il. 'ol 'amak'. 

28.E. Public works 

dammed be dammed up: komtzaj. liktzaj, naktzaj. 

diteh drainage diteh: be Ho', •sapav be Ho', 

dump 'av k'a'-'ep, ch'ayeb k'a'-'ep, na tzo'. 

mall lajeb xanavebal, sutej xanavebal, sutej xanbal. 

market ch'ivit, p'olmajeb. p'oUnajebal. 

marketplace chonojebal. ch'ivitajebal. yo' 'oy Hu' ch'ivit, 

yo' 'oy Hu' ch'ivitajel. 

path make a path: xojav, 

pipe be 'a'lel, be-o', lok'eb Ho', 

quarry 'anob tontik, jok'ob ton, lok'eb ton, lok'esab 

ton, vinajeb ton, 

reservoir tz'antzajeb, tz'antzajeb Ho', tz'anleb Ho', 

salt salt well: 'atz'am, 

sewer 'ocheb Ho', lok'eb 'a'lel, lok'eb Ho', 

water dammed up water: tz'anal Ho'. 

29. Jewels, precious stones, metals, and mining. See also 

world IB and animal husbandry 25. 

aUoyed 'oy kap, kapinbil ta sakil tak'in. 

amber pauchU. 

anvil nie' tenob tak'in. 

arrowsmith 

bag 

beUows 

bracelet 

brass 

burnish 

burnished 

burnisher 

carat 

chip 

clang 

cUnk 

coin 

copper 

emerald 

fiUngs 

forge 

forged 

gild 

gilded 

gold 

hammer 

hot 

iron 

jasper 

jet 

jewel 

lead 

marble 

melt 

metal 

jtzai-yolobU. 

blacksmitii's tool bag: josobU'ich'ak cabaUo. 

Hubob k'ok', HubobU. 

natz'. 

gold bracelet: natz'il k'anal lak'in. 

k'anal tak'in. 

jux, t'ab. 

t'abbil. 

juxobil, t'abob, t'abob ton. 

'etel k'anal tak'in, jul k'anal tak'in, tojol 

k'anal lak'in. 

mark the carats: 'eteltas k'anal lak'in, jul 

k'anal tak'in. 

metal chip: kamul tak'in. 

(copper or stiver platter falling to ground): 

bajlajetel, tzanlajetel. 

(faUing metal or money): tzanlaj, t'ijlajet. 

copper coin (quarter): 'ek'el tomin. 

gold coin: k'anal tak'in tomin, tak'in, tonal 

tak'in. 

stiver coin: batz'i tomin. 

copper vein: lok'eb 'ek'el. 

yaxal ton, yaxib ton. 

juxbenal. 

metal filings: ch'uch'ul tak'in. 

lok'tay, pak'tay, p'is. 

pak'taybil. 

'ak'bey tak'in, 'otesbey tak'in. 

'oy lak'in, bul'bU la k'anal tak'in. 

k'anal lak'in. 

gold dross: tzo' k'anal lak'in. 

gold dust yi'al k'anal tak'in. 

gold leaf: jayal k'anal tak'in. 

gold nugget ton k'anal tak'in. 

gold vein: ch'en k'anal lak'in, lok'eb k'anal 

lak'in. 

blacksmitii's hammer: tenob tak'in, tenobU, 

tenobU lak'in. 

hammer as on the anvU: ten tak'in. 

burn red hot (metal on the forge): chakluptay. 

'ik'al lak'in, tak'in. 

iron slag: tzo' tak'in. 

'ik'al ton. 

'ik'al ton. 

*ual k'anal tak'in, 'ual sakil tak'in, 'utzU ton. 

sakU tak'in. 

bax. 

'ul, 'ules, k'unij. 

melt metal: 'ules tak'in. 

metal fUings: josbenal tak'in. 

metal sheet jay-latzan tak'in, jayal tak'in. 

joyjoy tak'in. 

roundish piece of metal: volvol tak'in. 
638 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

mme 

mined 

mold 

jcx:h' 'UobU, joch' 'olon ch'en, joch' 'olon 

na, xojob ch'en, xojxoj ch'en. 

gold or silver mine: masob tak'in. 

joch'bU. 

be mined: joch'ey. 

mold for bell or casting of other metal object 

'av. 

pearl 

plate 

red 

mby 

saucer 

stiver 

sUver-plate 

smelter 

solder 

soldered 

stone 

temper 

thicken 

tin 

topaz 

freasiu-e 

vercUgris 

writer 

'utzil ton, jalal ton. 

stiver plate: jayU lak'in. 

(bald pate, metal on the forge): chak-lupan. 

'utzil tzajal ton, jalal tzajal ton, mbi. 

stiver saucer: jayU tak'in. 

'utzil sakil tak'in, plata, sakU tak'in. 

mark (silver weight of eight ounces): j-p'is 

sakU tak'in, marco de plata. 

mark stiver: 'etelaj "u'un. 

marked stiver: 'eteltasbU sakil tak'in, julintasbil sakil tak'in. 

stiver dross: tzo' sakil tak'in. 

stiver sheet jay-latzan sakU lak'in. 

stiver vein: ch'en sakU tak'in, lok'eb sakU 

tak'in. 

nap' sakU tak'in. 

j'ulesej-tak'in. 

nap'an, pak'an. 

be soldered: nap'tzaj. 

most precious stone of aU: k'an-ch'ixal ton. 

precious stone: jayal ton. 

(metal): tojol. 

temper on the forge: 'ich' tojol 'u'un. 

(very thin kntfe blade that is fortified by 

adding metal to it): pimubtas, tijubtas. 

'otes sakU tak'in, 'otesbey sakU tak'in, sakU 

tak'in. 

tzajal ton. 

buried freasiu-e: but'bil k'anal tak'in. 

hidden freasure: nak'bU lak'in. 

yax-lum. 

writer who writes about metals: jlz'ibaytak'in. 

29. A. Blacksmitiis and jewelers 

blacksmitii jten-'ek'el, jten-tak'in. 

fletcher j'an-yolobU. 

gilder j'ak' k'anal lak'in, jnap' k'anal lak'in. 

goldsmith jten k'anal tak'in. 

jeweler jpas 'u tak'in. 

lapidary j'ojtakinej-ton. 

saltmaker jkumavil, jkumayej-'atz'am. 

sUversmith jten sakil tak'in. 

tinker jten p'inal tak'in, jten-tak'in. 

30. Arts and artisanry 

carve 

carved 

carving 

craft 

craftsmanship 

engrave 

figure 

fiUngs 

gild 

gilded 

glass 

glazed 

halter 

image 

lathe 

made 

make 

model 

paint 

painted 

painting 

picture 

pot 

pottery 

represent 

representation 

retablo 

sculpt 

sculpted 

sketch 

statue 

carve stone image: k'oj. 

joch'bU. 

joch'el, joch'el. 

'abtel, 'abtelanel. 

'utzil pasvanej, tza. 

'eteltas, tz'ibay, ch'oj. jut 

lok'obil. lok'ol. 

juxbenal. 

metal filings: ch'uch'ul lak'in. 

'ak'bey tak'in, 'otesbey lak'in. 

'oy lak'in, but'bU ta k'anal tak'in. 

•puk. 

ch'ulul. 

make a halten ch'ajnuj, ch'ajnuy. 

joch'bU lok'ob-baU, k'eluyabU, lok'ob, lok'obbaU, p'isobil. 

joch'obU te', torno. 

shaped on a latiie: joch'bU ta torno. 

turn on a lathe: joch' te' ta torno. 

pasbU. 

badly made: kolo' pasey. 

pas. 

lok'obil, lok'tayabU. 

'ak'bey bon, bon, bonoj, bonol. tz'ibaj. 

tz'ibay. 

tz'ibaybU. 

(portrait): lok'taybU. 

tz'ib. 

painting on a board: lok'ob-ba, lok'ob-baU. 

tz'ib, k'eluy, k'eluyabU, p'is, p'isobU. 

make pots: pat. 

chUc'bU lum. patbil lum. 

k'eluy. lok'tay. pas lok'ob, p'is. 

k'elul, lok'ob, lok'tayabU. 

tz'ib. 

canvas retablo: tz'ibaybU pok'. 

wooden retablo: tz'ibaybU te'. 

sculpt wooden image: ch'oj, joch'. 

object to be sculpted: ch'ojbol. 

p'is. 

joch'bU lok'ob-bail, k'ojbil lok'ob-baU, k'ojol 

ba, lok'ob-ba. 

30.A. Artists and artisans. See also constmction workers 

28A, blacksmiths and jewelers 29A, taUors and 

tanners 3IB. 

cartwright jchabi setet te', 

carver jjoch' , jjoch'vanej, 

craftsman jna'vanej. 
NUMBER 31 639 

glazier 

halter 

image 

painter 

statue 

woodcarver 

master craftsman: jtza-'abtel, 

•jpas-puk, 

halter maker: jch'ajnujel, jpas-ch'ojon, 

image maker: jk'oj lok'ob bail, 

tz'ibajom, jtz'ib, jtz'ibayvanej, 

first painter: ba tz'ibajom, ba jtz'ib, ba ta 

tz'ib, ba la tz'ibajel, 

statue maker: jjcx^h' lok'ob bail, 

jjoch'-te'. 

31, Clotiiing and adornment 

cloth cover one's head with a cloth: paiioUn, 

cover with a cloth: tasi, 

cover with cloth or clothing: lutz', 

clothe k'u'un. 

(give person clothing): k'u'ultas. 

clothe onesetf: pix ba. 

clotiies change one's clothes: k'exoj. 

remove mourning clotiies: 'olan la ch'ob. 

clothing clothing being worn: k'u'unej. 

edge of clotiiing: ti' k'u'ul. 

object being covered with clothing: pixoj. 

own clothing: k'u'un. 

piece of clothing: k'u'unej. 

ragged clothing: lo'ol k'u'. 

undulating trim of clothing: puxil, puxuxtik 

k'u'. 

use clothing: k'u'un. 

wrinkle in clothing: pux. 

coat large wide coat without buttons: xojobil. 

cover cover one's nakedness: pix. 

cover with clothing: pix. 

dress pas, pix ba, 

dress up: tzatzaj, 

(fress with finery: tzatzajes. 

place where one dresses or puts on armor: 

tzatzajebal. 

dressed get cfressed: pas ba. 

fall (beads from a ribbon, cloth): kol. 

fasten fasten hat sfrap: 'och 'ak'U 'u'un. 

fold (cloth, clotiiing): pak, pux. 

folded not folded: j-lomlom, k'olk'ol, mu cha'-

k'oluk, mu cha'-lomuk. 

gird bal. 

gnaw (as clothes moths or mice eat clotiiing): k'ux. 

grease (as on old clothes): 'Uc'uyal. 

hang place where clothing is hung: k'ianabil, 

k'iebal. 

hood put on one's hood: 'ak' paiio, tzatzajesbey 

jol, pas pafio. 

put on pasteboard hood of infamy: 'ak' pix 

jol Hun. 'ak'bey pix jol Hun. 

mourning 

naked 

old 

pafr 

provide 

rag 

scmb 

shirt 

shoe 

shoed 

shroud 

skirt 

smoky 

stink 

tiiin 

tip 

luck 

type 

wear 

wrinkle 

(fress in mourning: 'ik'ub 'u'un chame-vinik, 

chabaj ta 'ik'al pok', lap 'Uc'al pok'. 

remove mourning clothes: 'iktay 'ik'al pok', 

lok' la 'Uc'al pok'. 

•chak-ban. 

grow old (clothes): k'a'. 

(sandals): j-choj, j-chop. 

provide clothes, food and lodging: mak'lin. 

k'a'-pok', k'a'al pok'. 

rag dealer: jchon-pano, jp'olmajel. 

(clothes): ju'Uan. 

scmb (as they scmb muddy clotiies): ju'. 

toss arms of one's shfrt over one's shoulders: 

jelp'un. 

put on shoes: lap. 

lapot xonob. 

pix chame-vinik, vol ta pok'. 

with sweeping skirts: jochjonet k'u', jochjonet pok', mesmonet k'u', mesmonet pok', 

tastonet k'u', tastonet pok'. 

smoky clothes: ch'ailal pok'. 

(coat, shirt): tuib. 

grow thin (clotiiing, person): jayub. 

(haO: l'cx;han. 

luck up (under one's sash when working): 

chuk-ch'utin, jopin. 

tuck up one's skirts or blankets under one's 

sash: ch'ik k'u'. 

tuck up skins under one's sash: jopin k'u'. 

(clothing, friar): j-tek. 

wear out (clothing): laj. 

(clothing): vol ba. 

3l.A. Manufacture and repair, leatherwork, dyes, tools 

baste 

basted 

basting 

bleach 

bmsh 

burlap 

card 

cotton 

cut 

darn 

double 

dye 

lukbay ta julel. 

lukbaybU ta julel. 

lukbayabil. 

(cloth witii lye): pataxin. 

carding bmsh: jach'ubtayabil, jach'ubtayabU 

tux-nok' chij. 

flax or maguey burlap: jotz'bil chi. 

jach'ubtay, tus tux-nok' chij. 

card wool: ch'ul tux-nok' chij, jach'ubtay 

tux-nok' chij. 

carding brush: tak'in jach'ub. 

card cotton: sivuj. 

(cloth into many pieces): kupilan. 

cut to pieces (cloth): jisulan. 

ch'Uc, ch'ik la sitz'el. 

(border, cornstalk, hem, sugarcane): pux. 

bon, bonobil, bonoj, bonol. 

yeUow dye: k'anal bon, k'anal bonojeb. 
640 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

dyed 

earth 

embroider 

enchase 

feather 

flax 

fluff 

fluffing 

fret 

fretted 

go 

gray 

grind 

grinding 

hem 

henequen 

interweave 

interwoven 

leashes 

loom 

maguey 

mat 

mend 

mending 

needle 

patch 

patched 

pleat 

pleated 

pucker 

rip 

scarf 

scissors 

seam 

sew 

sewing 

shine 

shoemaker 

shuttie 

bonbU. 

fuller's earth: sakil lum. 

(with neecUe or weaving): luch, luchoj, 

luchomaj. 

(leather): bon. 

(cover with feathers): bal ta k'uk'um, bon ta 

k'uk'um. 

lino, 

sivu. 

sijel. 

(cloth, siUc): laj, naka 'ak'U 'ayan. 

naka 'ak'U no 'ox. 

be fretted: laj. 

go tiirough (needle in clothes, driU in a 

board): jelav. 

dark gray (cloth): 'Uc'-yaman. 

grind dyes: noyUan bon. 

stone for grinding dyes: juch'obU bon, noyob 

bon, noyobil bon. 

ti' k'u'ul. 

henequen fiber: chi. 

henequen fiber (counting): j-lUc chi. 

tz'ales, jal. 

cha'-lamanbU, cha'-lom. 

provided witii leashes (loom): jit'anubil. 

te'el jolob. 

maguey fiben j-jU chi. 

interweave mat xoj. 

lak'u, pak'an. 

(by fastening or sewing): tz'ak. 

(by fastening or sewing, bones): tz'ak ba. 

mend petates, ete. by inserting straw as if 

weaving: lap. 

tz'akbenal. 

aguja. 

large needle (that they sew with): tz'islajeb 

tak'in. 

thread a needle: lap no ta aguja. 

tz'alal, tz'ol, k'alal, k'ol. 

tz'alaltik, k'alaltUc. 

•tzukli, tz'alal, tz'ol, k'alal, k'ol. 

tz'alaltik, k'alaltUc. 

pucker up (as when sewing shrinks): •tzukli. 

rip clothing: ch'ak. 

edge of scarf: ti' pok'. 

tijeras. 

tz'isav. 

tz'is, tz'isomaj, ch'ik ta sitz'el. 

(sandals, shoes witii an awl): jul. 

tz'isom. 

shine through (thin cloth): 'och xojob yo' 

'oy, 

shoemaker's last: p'isol xonobil. 

buk'. 

sUk ch'ulul seda, seda, sfrgo. 

black silk: 'ik'al seda. 

siUc twist ch'ajnuybil no. ch'ajnuybil seda. 

silkworm 

skein 

skinned 

sleeve 

spin 

spindle 

spindleful 

spindlewhori 

spinning 

steam 

stiteh 

Stocking 

sfretch 

sfriped 

suede 

tear 

tiiick 

thread 

tinder 

trimming 

twist 

um-aveled 

vat 

warp 

warped 

wear 

weave 

weft 

whisk 

wick 

woof 

wool 

woven 

wrinkle 

'om, 'om seda. 

j-k'ob nio, nio. 

skinned article: cho'ben. 

k'ob. 

nauj, nauy. 

ch'alob tuxnok', petet 

spindleful of thread: petetal. 

tzek petet 

najel, naujel. 

(wall or clotii): ch'aUay. 

jul. 

stocking foot: xojob 'ut 'ok, xojobil 'ut 'okil. 

place where cloth is sfretehed out: k'ianabil, 

k'iebal. 

sfretch out (clotiiing, cloth): k'i. 

stiiped clotii (witii stripes of one color): 

•'ibal pok'. 

josbU nukul, sak-jos. 

(clothing): jat 

tear to pieces (cloth): jisulan. 

make twice as thick (cord, thread): k'am. 

j-jil no, naul, no. 

(counting): j-Uk no. 

spindleful of thread: j-petetal, petet, petetal. 

thread a needle: naultas. 

threads of threadbare cloth: lajemal, naka 

'akU lajemal. 

(burnt cloth): tzanob k'ok', tzanobil k'ok'. 

ch'amob k'ok'. 

undulate frimming: balobil. 

undulate trimming of clothes: balajtik pok'. 

(as they twist rope on their thighs): bichuy. 

ch'ajnuj, ch'ajnuy. 

unraveled cloth: tz'otbU pok', chichinab 

pok'. 

dyer's vat: 'av bon, bonobU, nabeb. 

te'om. 

(cloth): tij. 

prepare warp lashing: jit'aki. 

throw the warp across the woof: tik' jolob. 

(cloth): melbU te'om, tijbil. 

wear out (clothing): laj. 

jal, jalav. 

buk'ul. 

clothes whisk: jach'ubtayabU. 

cloth lamp wick: pak'al. 

wick made of cloth: japbalal pok'. 

niovil. 

card wool: sivu tux-nok* chij. 

jalbU. 

(clothing): vol ba. 
NUMBER 31 

yarn baU of yarn: j-pis no, pispis no. volvol no. 

31.B. Tailors and tanners 

641 

cloth 

darner 

doublet 

dyer 

embroiderer 

mender 

sewer 

spinner 

tailor 

tanner 

weaver 

wool-comber 

warper of cloth: jtijvanej. 

jch'Ucvanej ta sitz'el. 

doublet maker: jtz'is-jubon. jpas-jubon. 

jbon. jbonojel. 

jluch. jluchojel. jluchomajel. 

jlak'uvanej, jpak'anvanej. 

jch'ikvanej ta sitz'el. 

jnajel, jnaujel. 

jtz'isom, jtz'isvanej. 

jk'a'esej-nukul, jp'asvanej. 

jjalom. 

weaver of coarse clotii: jjal pimU tux-nok' 

chij. 

jjal tux-nok' chijU pok', jjalom. 

3I.e. Pieces of clothing. See also armor 21E2. 

armor cotton armor (worn by the Indians): cholonok'. 

britehes wide and short plaited britehes: vexU. 

buskin xoj 'ok, xojobU 'ok. 

cap cap strap: chukobU. 

flap of a montero cap tiiat covers the face 

and neck: mukobU ni', pixobU sal. 

cloak capa. 

clothing k'u'ul. 

clothing witii embroidered hem: jochbU ti' 

k'u'ul, luchbU ti' k'u'ul. 

coat coat of maU: cholol tak'in. 

large wide coal without buttons: sayo. 

crozier xotxot tak'in, xotxot te'. 

diapers balobU 'unen, k'a'-k'u' 'unen, k'a'-lo'ol 

k'u' 'unen, lutz'obU 'unen. 

dirt (as on old clothes): 'Uc'uyal. 

doublet jubon. 

dress tzatzajel. 

glove xoj k'ob, xojobil k'obU. 

handkerchief kusob ni'U, kusobU ni'il. simtayabU ni'il. 

hancUcerchief for removing sweat: kusobU 

ChUc'il. 

hat pix jolol, sombrero, 

hat strap: chukobU. 

head cloth pech' ech' U. 

headcloth volobil jolol, 

headdress woman's headdress: toca. 

hood woman's h(X)d: tcx:a. 

mask k'oj te'. 

(once used during the sacrifices and worn 

mifre 

mourning 

raincape 

sandal 

sash 

scarf 

shirt 

shoe 

shroud 

skirt 

staff 

stocking 

sfrap 

uniform 

vestments 

work 

by tiiose who once kept the idols): taniab. 

tzatzajel jol obispo, mifra. 

mourning clothes: 'Uc'al pok', chabajeb 

k'u'ul, chabajebal k'u'ul, chabal k'u'ul. 

(woven palm leaves they carry for when it 

rains): 'axibal. 

nukuUl xonobil, xonobil. 

rope-soled sandal: xonob jobel. 

bal, balobU, ti' pok'. 

woman's sash: chuk tzekil. 

chukobil jolol. 

cochineal-dyed scarf: tzajal pok', ch'ujal 

pok'. 

camisa, xojobil. 

neck of shirt: nuk' camisa. 

xonobil. 

shoe witii tiiin sole and low heel: lam 

xonobil. 

pixobil chame-vinik, volobil chame-vinUc. 

tzekil. 

pilgrim's staff: nam-te'U. 

xoj 'ok, xojobU, xojobU 'ok. 

cap (or) hat sfrap: 'ak'U. 

'etel k'u'ul, tzatzajebal k'u'ul, k'u'ul, pasel 

k'u'ul, vinajeb k'u', vinajebal k'u'iU. 

tzatzajebal pok'. 

royal vestments: 'ajvalel k'u'ul. 

work clothes: 'abtejeb k'u'ul. 

3l.D. Cloth and clothing parts 

cloth 

embroidery 

enchasing 

linen 

piece 

nok', pak'al, pano. 

(general term): pok'. 

any cloth covering: but'iabil. 

cloth gusset muk'ubeb, p'oleb. 

embroidered cloth: luchbU pok'. 

goat's hair clotii: pimil pok', tux-nok' chij 

pok'. 

green cloth: yaxal pok'. 

gray (mixture of black and white): sak-tanan. 

heavy cloth: muk' naul, pim naul, pimil nok'. 

mend cloth: xoj. 

piece of clotii removed to narrow suit: yubeb. 

small cloth: bUc'tal pok'. 

thin cloth: bik'it naul, jayal nok', jayal pok', 

pativil, pativil pok'. 

warp cloth: mel te'om. 

woven clotii: jolob, jolobU. 

luch, luchojel, luchomajel, luchul. 

bon k'u'. 

castillan nok', castillan pok', Uenzo, sakU 

pok'. 

piece torn off a gown: bUc'tajeb. 
642 

sackcloth 

satin 

velvet 

worn 

pim tux-nok' chij, pimil tux-nok' chij. 

sackcloth or any other heavy cloth such as 

they use for bedding: pimil pok', tux-nok' 

chij pok'. 

ch'ulul seda, razo. 

terciopelo. 

(old cloth): naka 'ak'U. 

3I.E. Adornment and grcx)ming 

adorn 

adorned 

barber 

bare-assed 

bead 

bedaub 

bracelet 

braid 

change 

comb 

combed 

crown 

dress 

earpick 

feather 

finery 

garland 

hafr 

mace 

messy 

mussy 

necklace 

ochre 

paint 

pendant 

tzatzajes, pas. 

'oy tzatzajel, tzatzajesbU. 

jjosvanej, jkupvanej, jpas-jolol. 

be bare-assed: putzpon pat. 

cuentas. 

stiing of beads: j-'ak' cuentas. 

oneself with dye or red ochre: naban. 

natz'. 

gold bracelet: natz'il k'anal lak'in. 

chukobil jolol, ch'al jol, ch'alobU izotzU jol, 

ch'alobil jol, ti' pok'. 

change one's clothes: k'ex. 

jach'ub, jach'ubtay, jach'ubtayabil, tus. 

jach'ubtasbU, tusbil. 

nit-baijes, nit-bain, 

(witii which they dance): nil-bail, 

feather crown: nit-ba k'uk'um. 

flower crown: nit-ba nichim. 

put on a crown: nit-baij. 

dress up: tzatzaj. 

dress with finery: tzatzajes. 

jot'ob chUcin, pokobU chikinil, xenob chikin. 

xenobil chikinil. 

(cover with featiiers): bal ta k'uk'um, bon la 

k'uk'iun. 

tzatzajel. 

j-'ak' nichim, j-choj nichim, j-jil nichim, 

nit-baU. 

place garland on person's head: 'ak' nit-bail 

tajol. 

put on a garland: nit-baij. 

clip one's hafr: pasbey 'isim, pasbey jol. 

part one's hafr: p'ev tzotzil, p'ev jol. 

(of beadle or gateman): pispis lak'in, volvol 

tak'in ta ba. 

(hafr): tzotz ta tzavlej, ch'a'al, vatzal. 

mussy or disheveUed hair: ch'etel tzotzil jol. 

'ual. 

wear a necklace: 'uan. 

red (Khre: •xuko. 

paint oneself with dye or red ochre: naban. 

paint oneself witii red cx:hre: nabantas. 

lok'omU. 

perfume 

plume 

shave 

string 

turban 

tweezers 

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

'ak* ta ch'ailtik, muibtayab, muibtayabil, 

muil. 

k'uk'. 

shave with a razor: jos. 

(beads): tz'is. 

siring of beads: j-choj cuentas, j-jU cuentas. 

make a turban: nit-bain, 

tulob motzob, tulobil motzobil. 

32. Amusements 

amusement 

attack 

buffoon 

buffoonery 

clap 

compose 

divert 

entertain 

froUc 

grimace 

jest 

jester 

jesting 

joke 

jump 

lo'U, lo'lo k'op, maxil, maxil k'op. 

attack in jest maxil-mU. 

lo'U vinUc, lo'lo vinik, tuli-'atil vinUc, •Hona 

vinUc. 

lo'loyel, tuli-'atil. 

clap hands as when rejoicing or dancing: 

pak'ponet, pak'ulan. 

(couplets, song, words): nop. 

'ak' maxUajuk, 'ak' muibuk, 'et'esbey 'osU, 

lo'Utay, maxiltay. 

divert oneself: 'ech' 'osU 'u'un, 'et'es 'osU, 

kol ta lubel, lo'Uaj. maxilaj. 

'ak' maxUajuk, 'ak' muibuk, 'utzibtas. 

entertain taking care to provide all that is 

needed: chu'un. 

'utzin. 

make grimaces: maxil-lok'tay, maxil-p'is. 

maxmonet, na'nonet, tajimol, tuU-'atij. 

jmaxmonel, tuli-'atil vinUc, jtajimol, Hovil 

vinik. 

tuU-'atU. 

done as tf it were a joke: •kajaltaybU, 

maxiltaybil. 

jump up in tiie afr (as when dancing or when 

boys jump for joy): lut', p'it. 

leisure 

mask 

merrily 

merriment 

merry 

merrymaker 

mock 

mocked 

mocker 

mcx:kery 

pastime 

prank 

recreation 

'utzibel, lo'U, maxil. 

k'oj te'. 

mu. 

t'ujumajel. 

be merry: 'utzib, lo'Uaj, maxUaj, muib 'osU 

'a'i, nichimaj, tajim. 

make merry: bak'es, tajim. 

'atil vinUc, 'utzil vinUc, muU vinik, nichil 

vinUc. 

tze'i, lo'Uaj, maxilaj, muib 'osil 'a'i, na'ley, 

na'leyvan, sak-tze'i, tajim. 

"aptaybil, tze'ibil. 

jtze'ej, jtze'ivanej, •jmi, jna'al. 

tze'ej, tze'ivanej, na'al, na'leyvanej, tajimol. 

'ech'eb 'osil, maxUajel. 

Hovil. 

'et'esej 'osU, 'utzibel, lo'U, maxU. 
NUMBER 31 643 

amuse oneself with recreation: va'et. 

relax 'ich' 'olonton, ch'an chi, yamaj. 

relaxed machachal. 

be relaxed: nakal 'olonton. 

reveler j'utzinvanej, jbak'esvanej. 

saying witty saying: 'utzU lo'lo k'op. lot k'op. muU 

lo'lo k'op. na'al k'op. 

speak speak wittily: 'utzU lo'lo k'opoj. muil lo'lo 

k'opoj. 

trick jotz'-k'op, maxUtay. Hovintas. 

witty witty person: j'utzil lo'lo k'op. jlo'lo-k'op, 

jmuil lo'lo k'op. 

word word game: kolo' k'op, lo'il, maxil. 

32.A. Music and dance 

beU 

beU-ringing 

chofr 

clap 

compose 

crown 

dance 

dancer 

dmm 

duo 

flute 

flutist 

guitar 

harmonize 

harmony 

hymnal 

intone 

intoner 

jump 

mold 

motet 

music 

beU ringer: jtij-tak'in. 

ring a bell: sobtiksobtUc tij campana, ta tijel 

tijulan campana, tij campana, tij lak'in. 

sobtikil tijel, tijiUanvanej. 

coro. 

(of the church): k'eyojinebal. 

clap hands as when rejoicing or dancing: 

pak'ponet pak'ulan. 

(couplets, song, words): nop. 

(with which they dance): nit-bail, 

'ak'ot 'ak'olaj, 'ak'otal. 

make dance: 'ak'otajes, 'ak'ottas. 

make dance (cat): 'ak'otan. 

j'ak'ot, j'ak'olal. 

(using hands or sticks): baj nukuUl vob. 

(in singing): chibal 'avanab, chibal 'avanabal. 

flute case: 'av 'amay, na 'amay. 

play the flute: 'amayain. 

j'amay. 

play a guitar: tij ch'ajnul vob, timulan. 

nup. 

(discordant song): meltzan, nopes, tojobtas. 

be in harmony (voices): nop. 

Hun k'eyoj. 

lUces k'eyoj, lok'es k'eyoj. 

jlok'esej-k'eyoj. 

jump up in the afr (as when dancing or when 

boys jump for joy): p'it 

mold for bell or casting of otiier metal object: 

'av. 

k'eyoj. 

doleful motet me'anajel k'eyoj, me'anajel 

k'op. 

line sheet music: pol Hun, polbey te'el Hun, 

p'is Hun, 

sheet music: k'oplal k'eyoj. 

musician jna'-k'eyoj. 

musician frained in harmony: jk'eyom, 

play (flute, tmmpet): Hupan, 

ring (anything tiiat echoes, whether il is a bell or 

a blow on wood): tzantzon. 

roar (ffre, haU, rain, tiubulent river or ocean, 

wind, large flute): 'omet 

school dancing school: 'ak'otajeb, chanob 'ak'ot 

sing k'eyojin. 

(bfrd, frog): 'ok', 

singer jk'eyom. 

song k'eyoj. 

begin a song: lUces k'eyoj, lok'es k'eyoj. 

intricate song: tz'i'lel k'eyoj. 

person who begins a song: jlok'esej-k'eyoj. 

sound (flutes): ch'ijet 

large flutes: •jomet 

sound like a cracked bell: ch'ejch'on. 

sound of flutes togetiier: jaxet. 

study study music: chan k'eyoj. 

smdy of music or singing: chanob k'eyoj. 

tambourine tambourine player: jpak'-vob. 

timbrel timbrel playen jpak'-vob, jtij-vob. 

together be together (voices): nop. 

toot (small flute): piet, •vivon. 

tmmpet blow a tmmpet: 'ok'es frompeta. 

have tmmpets sound: ch'i'et, jat'et, tonet 

tmmpeter j'ok'es-frompeta, jpas-frompeta, jHupanejfrompeta. 

tune (musical instmments): tojobtas. 

person who tunes the ffrst verse of a psalm: 

jk'eyom. 

whistle xuxub, xuxubaj, xuxubajel, xuxuban, xuxubanel, xuxubU. 

(made through one's fingers): tz'utz'up. 

whistle (through one's fingers): tz'ulz'upaj. 

whistie at: tz'utz'uptay, xuxubtay. 

32.A.1. Instmments 

beU 

dmm 

flute 

guitar 

harp 

lute 

monochord 

rattle 

sackbut 

lamboifrine 

timbrel 

campana, tak'in. 

k'uUc'ul te'. 

skin dmm: nukuUl vob. 

wooden dmm (all wood): vob. 

'amay. 

ch'ajnul vob. 

'ak'U vob, ch'ojon vob. 

castillan vob, ch'ajnul vob. 

ch'ajnul vob, monocordio, tenal vob. 

chilol, chilol lak'in. 

(medieval frombone): sacabuche. 

nukuUl vob. 

k'uUc'ul le', nukulU vob. 
644 

frnmpet 

whistle 

"ok'esol, frompeta. 

end of a tmmpet: ti' frompeta. 

vilol. 

toy whistie: vUol. 

32.B. Sports and toys 

baU 

bet 

bowl 

bowler 

bowling 

card 

chess 

dice 

disk 

doll 

fence 

fencer 

fight 

game 

gameboard 

gameroom 

handball 

hoop 

inttiide 

infruder 

pitz', pis. 

bowling baU: bola, pispis te'. 

game played with the buttocks: pitz'. 

make into a ball: pis. 

person who plays baU with the buttocks: 

pitz'nom. 

play ball with the buttocks: pitz'in. 

•'aal, "ak', 'al, "ale. 

bet on: 'ak' la 'ale. 

bet together: 'aley ba. 

lose bet: "ale. 

win bet 'ale, 'aleyvan. 

•tzul, ten bola, ten te'. 

jten-te', 

ten-te', tenel te', 

card game: Hunal bul, 

card player: buUnom ta Hun. 

play cards: biUin, bulin ta Hun. 

playing cards: Hunal bul. 

bul, te'el bul. 

chess player: bulinom, jbul. 

bul. 

tenobU te'. 

chUd's doU: 'ixtol. 

chan ch'Uomajel, chan yabutil, esgrimfr. 

jchanantasej-ch'ilomajel, jchanantasejyabutil. 

fight in a contest: •'Ucoyaj, •'ikoyan. nak, 

nakav, yabutij, yabutin. 

tajimol. 

game of fortune (that they used to play witii 

beans): chenek' bul. 

lose game: "ale. 

play games of fortune: bulin. 

player of games of fortune: bulinom. 

win game: 'ale, 'aleyvan. 

bulinab, bulinabil, tenal te'el biU. 

(where they play): ch'akob k'op, nakleb 

'ojov. 

p'os. 

handball player: p'osinom, 

play handball: p'os, p'osin. 

metal hoop for playing: xotxot tak'in. 

intmde in a game: tabentay tajimol, •tanay 

tajimol. 

intmder in a game: •jtana-tajimol. 

SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

joust xen ba ta pat caballo ta tajimol, xen-bail ta 

pat caballo. 

juggler tz'i'U vinUc. 

lose lose bet (or) game: 'aleyat 

lot cast lots: k'inij, pas tza. 

cast or draw lots: 'U ta lok'obil. lok' ba. 

opponent nakbal, nakmal. 

play maxmonet, na'nonet, tajim. 

player jtajimol. 

playing person playing: jva'etel, 

race 'anU, 

racefrack racefrack where they run: 'anUajebal. 

school fencing school: chanob yabutil. 

spin (lop): 'ak'otajes. 

tilt ten ba ta pat caballo. 

thrown in a tUt: tenbil ta pat caballo. 

top playing top: frompa. 

whip top: frompo. 

trip trip in a wrestiing match: lukunel 'ok. 

warfare mock warfare: tajimol ch'Uom. 

whistle toy whistie: vUol. 

win win a bet: 'aleyvan. 

wrestle pcx:h'i. poch'i ba. 

33. Ailments and abnormaUties 

abort 

ache 

alive 

alleviation 

artiiritis 

asthma 

asthmatic 

bathroom 

benumb 

benumbed 

birtii 

bite 

blind 

'et'es. yal 'u'un, yales. 

'ip ma', nakbal. 

aches and pains: bak'el. 

feel aches and pains: bak' 'osil 'a'i. 

hatf alive: yalul kuxul. 

yamajel. 

'ik'al ta k'ob. 

tup'el 'ik'. 

become asthmatic: tup' 'ik'. 

continual urging inclination to go to the 

bathrcx)m, without producing anything: 

sim ba. 

inclination to go to the bathroom: sim-nak'al. 

pek'aubtas. 

be benumbed: pek'aub. 

have a breech birth: va'al vinkilaj. 

jech'benal. 

(something poisonous): komes kola'al 'e. 

komes kola'al ti'. 

with mosquito bite: ta petiej. 

ma'-sat 

blind chicken: 'ik'al moy tuluk', ma'-sat 

tuluk'. 

blind with pale eyes: 'ik'al moy. 

go blind: ma'-satij, tup' sat. 

go blind in one eye: tz'e'ub sat, tup' sat 

go blind with pale eyes: taot ta 'ik'al moy. 
NUMBER 31 

blink 

blister 

blistered 

blood 

bloodied 

bloody 

boil 

breath 

bmise 

bmised 

bubo 

caned 

casfrate 

casfrated 

cataract 

chafe 

chafed 

chicken 

chUblain 

choke 

choking 

cholera 

choleric 

clench 

cold 

complain 

constipated 

consumptive 

contagious 

convalesce 

convulsion 

cough 

get nervous blink: mutz'uy sat, mutz'uyel 

'a'i. 

nervous bUnk: mutz'uyel. 

petel, sitel, simb. 

with bUsters: j-p!ej t'elel. 

petel, petetik. ta petiej. 

be stained with blood: 'atin ch'ich'. 'atin ta 

ch'ich'. 

'atinej ch'ich'. 

be bloodied: baley ta ch'ich'. 

'atinej ch'ich', balem ch'ich'. 

'apon, chakal, petey. 

get a boU: petey. 

with boUs: petel, petetik, petiej, ta petiej. 

bad breatii: tu ti', tuU ti'. 

petey, vcx:h. 

with bmises: j-p'ej t'elel. 

petel, petetik, petpet, ta petiej, vochol. 

bacUy bmised: vochochtik. 

•xu. 

buboes tiiat spread from one part of the body 

to another: 'anU 'apon. 

large and very serious bubo: tzajal 'apon. 

small bubo: ton 'apon. 

majbU la te'. 

lok'es tonil. 

lok'bil tonil, mo 'oyuk tonil. 

pixobil ch'ulel sat. 

tuch'uch'tik pas. 

tuch'uch'tUc pasel. 

(by cloth): tuch'uch'tUc. 

blind chicken: mo k'ot sat tuluk'. 

'esel, 'eselul. 

affUcted with many chUblains: 'eseltik. 

jUc'av, 

jUc'avel, 

chamel, simal. 

k'an-k'uyan, yax-k'uyan. 

clench one's teeth: k'ux 'e. 

clench one's teeth (in pain): matz' ti'. 

catch a cold: 'obal 'a'i, 'oban. 

head cold: 'obal. 

post-partum cold or cold sickness tiiat 

women frequentiy suffer: yax-chelul. 

complain of pain or sickness: 'akanaj, 'aket 

be constipated: mak, paj. 

•kiruch 'ojov. 

ch'ambil. 

be contagious: ch'amet 

'ich' 'ip, 'ipaj. 

jUc'avel chamel. 

'obal, 'oban, 

have a cough: 'obal 'a'i, 

person with a bad cough: j'obal. 

cracked 

cramp 

craziness 

crazy 

cripple 

crippled 

cross-eyed 

dangerous 

daze 

dazed 

dead 

deaf 

deafen 

deafness 

deformed 

die 

disease 

dizziness 

dizzy 

drained 

dropsical 

dwarf 

dysentery 

ear 

emaciate 

emaciated 

emaciation 

epidemic 

epilepsy 

exhaust 

exhausted 

645 

(heels): t'ajallUc, 

tzeluyel. 

ma'-'olal, ma'-ba 'olal, Hoviel, HovU. 

Hov. 

pek'aubes, pek'aubtas. 

•'anibtasbU, pek'a. 

be crippled: •'ani. 

become crippled: pek'aub. 

xiji-sat. 

dangerous sickness: tz'i'lelal chamel. 

ma'-sati. 

be dazed: ttip' sat. 

half-dead: 'olbaj chamuk, k'an chamel. 

nearly dead person: lut'um-'e vinUc. 

kok. 

deaf person: kokil vinik. 

grow deaf: kokib. 

kokibes, kokibtas. 

kokibel, kokU. 

toj kolo'. 

(hand, foot): chubbU. 

be deformed (person, animal): xi'benaj ba. 

become deformed (head, foot): chub ba. 

die of starvation: cham ta vi'nal. 

die of the cold: cham ta sik. 

die of thfrst: cham ta taki-ti'U. 

chamel. 

cateh a contagious disease: ch'am, •ch'amtan. 

'ip ma', nakbal. 

grow dizzy: 'ik'-pultay 'osU 'a'i, samel 'osU, 

sutet 'osU 'a'i. 

be drained off (sfrengtii, water): 'ul. 

sit. 

(fropsical person: jsitubel. 

komkom vinik, pek'pek' vinik. 

hunchbacked dwarf: p'us. 

have dysentery: ch'ul 'a'i, sim-nak'al 'a'i. 

suffer from blcx)dy dysentery: ch'ich'-nak'al 

'a'i. 

with an ear cut off: jotz'bil chikin, ma'-

chikin. 

toj-lajes. 

naka bak. 

become emaciated: toj-jayaub, toj-laj, tojtakij. 

jayubel, taki-batel. 

'ipal chamel. 

have epidemic strike: ch'am, ch'am ch'enal. 

•chiton chuHaj. 

'ak' vokol, 'U vokol 'u'un, toj-lub 'u'un. 

exhaust person: 'ip vokol 'u'un, vokolin. 

'ulesbil. 

be exhausted (person): bik'taj. 

be exhausted by: kisnan. 
646 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

exhaustion 

eye 

faint 

fainting 

fall 

fatigued 

feeble 

feebleness 

fester 

fever 

food 

fool 

frostbitten 

gas 

glanders 

glands 

gnat 

goiter 

gout 

gouty 

groan 

growth 

hafr 

hammer 

headache 

heel 

hemorrhaging 

hernia 

hit 

hoarse 

become exhausted: toj-lub. 

'ulebal, kisin, lajebal. 

get cfrcle under one's eyes: 'och lapluk sat. 

put person's eye out: lomtz'inbey sat, 

tup'bey sat 

with blcx)dshot eyes: ma'-satijel, ma'-satil. 

'uch'p'ij, 'uch'uy, tup' 'ik'. 

make person faint tup'es, tup'es 'ik'. 

person who faints: •jchiton-chuHaj. 

person who is made to faint: tup'oj. 

fainting person: jtup'-'Uc'. 

faU out (hair): lUij, titij. 

faU when walking: jach'. 

yatikyatUc. 

be fatigued: yalUc 'osU 'a'i, yalUcil 'a'i, 

yatUcU 'osil 'a'i. 

vuyul. 

(unable to fight or act vigorously): mo 

ch'UomiUc. 

feeble person: yayaU vinUc. 

feel feeble (from sickness or age): yayatik 

'osil 'a'i. 

yayail. 

'ipaj, 'uch' 'a'lel, nipaj, pojovin. 

k'ak'al, k'ok'. 

tertian fever: chabjeychabjey 'oy k'ak'altUc. 

pestilential fcxxl: 'ipal chamelal ve'el. 

Hovil vinik. 

be frostbitten: laj ta taiv. 

produce gas in one's stomach (food): 'u'un 

lUc ch'ut, Uk ch'utul. 

chamel chij, chijil chamel. 

fatal swelUng of the glands: jtzamesvanej 

chamel. 

swelUng of the glands: bik'tal chamel. 

gnat tiiat gels in one's eyes: lo'lo'. 

(in animals): sit nuk'. 

'ik'al chamel, 'Uc'al ta 'ok. 

'Uc'altik. 

groan with pain or sickness: 'akanaj, 'aket. 

pus-fiUed growth: 'apon. 

have one's hafr faU out: Ulij tzotzil jol, lub 

tzotzil jol. 

hammer (with which to wound): tenob te'. 

hammer or rammer (with which to ram or 

wound): tenobil. 

have a headache: k'ux jol. 

badly cracked (heels): varvuxtik. 

cracking of heels: vax-t'ajel. 

uterine hemorrhaging: ta xa ch'ich' yaxaub. 

(one testicle): xulub tonU. 

worm used to cure hernia: xulub chon. 

hit or wound lightly: tij. 

be hoarse: makal nuk'. 

hoarseness 

hunchback 

hunchbacked 

hurt 

idiot 

iU 

iUness 

improve 

improved 

improvement 

injure 

injiued 

injury 

itch 

jaundice 

knock 

lame 

leper 

leprous 

lighming 

limp 

lisp 

lump 

lumpy 

mad 

madman 

madness 

malaria 

become hoarse: mak nuk'. 

make person hoarse: mak nuk', makbey 

nuk'. 

makel nuk'U. 

p'us. 

la p'uslej pat. 

become hunchbacked: lok' pat, p'usin. 

kolo' pasbey, k'uxubtas. 

hurt witii a spur: jul. 

joch'bU te'. 

be faiaUy iU: batz'i ch'ay, batz'i laj. 

become gravely iU: toj 'ip 'a'i, yakub. 

become less Ul: mak. 

feel ill: k'unk'un 'osU 'a'i, mo ch'i 'a'i. 

dangerous iUness: xi'ebal chamel. 

feign Ulness: pak'tay ba ta chamel, p'is ba 

ta chamel. 

person who feigns iUness: Ha' te pak'tay ba 

ta chamel. 

improve sUghtiy (sick person): pak'tzaj 

juteb. 

be improved (health): laan juteb. 

sUghtiy improved (in healtii): chabal juteb. 

(in healtii): chabal. 

'anibtas. 

•'anibtasbU, 

be injured: •'ani. 

(caused by blow of hands or feet): bajben. 

'ich, ch'inin 'osil 'a'i, joch'jon ch'ininul. 

koplajet ch'ininul, vayajom. 

k'anubel chamel. 

knock one's head on a rock: t'is-joU ton. 

mek'an. 

lame in one hand: kolo' k'ob. 

sal vinik. 

sal, sal tz'i'. solsoltUc. 

become leprous: salub, solin, taot ta sal. 

stmck by lighming: majat ta chauk. 

kolo' xanav, mek'aub. 

sesentik k'opoj. 

(as on the face of a person afflicted with the 

pox): ch'okU. 

(as those on the faces of people affUcted with 

bubonic plague): 'uxub. 

covered with lumps (pox): laal ch'okU. 

lump jaw: chamel. 

swell with large lumps: bujey. 

(face): 'uxubtik, laal 'uxub. 

be mad: ch'ay 'olonton. 

go mad: ch'ay 'olonton, Hovi. 

make person go mad: Hovintas. 

Hovil vinik, jHovil-vinik. 

ch'ayel 'olontonU. 

(three or four day fever with chUls): k'ak'al 
NUMBER 31 

mange 

mangy 

mark 

mole 

monster 

mute 

muteness 

nose 

numb 

numbness 

one-armed 

one-eyed 

one-eyedness 

one-handed 

pain 

painful 

paralysis 

paralyze 

paralyzed 

piles 

plague 

poisoned 

pus 

pussy 

pustule 

rabid 

rabies 

relapse 

respite 

ringworm 

scab 

scabby 

sUc. 

chin, sol. 

balem chin, chinchin, chinchintik. 

mark left by blow of the fist or by a slap: 'av 

k'obol. 

tzo' •'uk. 

labal vinUc. 

"uma'. 

be mute: mu k'opoj. 

become mute: 'uma'ib. 'uma'ij, taot ta 

"uma'. 

make mute: 'uma'ijes. 

'uma'ijel, 'uma'U. 

with one's nose cut off: jotz'bU ni', ma'-ni'. 

grow numb: cham. sik-potzlay. 

sUc-potzlayel. 

ma'-k'ob. 

one-armed person: jchamel k'ob. 

tz'e'-sat. tz'e'tz'e' sat tz'e'el sat lukluk. 

become one-eyed: lukib. 

lukibel. luklukti. 

ma'-k'ob. 

k'uxul. 

have pain doubled: 'ipaj k'uxul. 

k'ux. 

be very painful: t'omt'onet. 

sUc-potz 'ik'. 

pek'aubes. pek'aubtas. 

be paralyzed: sUc-polztay. 

become paralyzed: 'cx:h ta sik-potz 'ik'. 

pek'aub. 

paralyzed person: jsUc-potz 'ik'. 

'ichil chak. 

'ipal chamel. 

poxtaybU. 

be poisoned: 'uch' kola'al pox. 

k'a'al, pojov, pojoval. 

become pussy: pojovin. 

t'elel. 

become blemished with pustules: t'eley. 

form a pustule: ta vajlej 'ayan, vajey. 

become rabid: tz'i'U-k'ak'ub. 

tz'i'U k'ak'al. k'ak'al tz'i'. 

have a relapse: cham cha'-'atel, nipaj. 

enjoy a respite from sickness or work: 

k'un-yamaj 'a'i, laanlaan 'a'i, lamaUamal 

'a'i. 

respite from sickness or work: k'un-yamanil. 

sol. 

get ringworm: soUn. 

patil, sol. 

(with pus): chin. 

solsoltik. 

(with pus): chinchintUc, 

scar 

scarify 

scarred 

scratch 

scrofula 

scrofular 

short-sighted 

shriveled 

shmnken 

sick 

sickness 

side 

six-fingered 

six-toed 

smarting 

snakebite 

sparse 

spasms 

speak 

sprain 

squint-eyed 

slab 

sterile 

sterility 

stiff 

sting 

stop 

sfrong 

slung 

stunned 

stupefaction 

stupefied 

647 

tz'i'lej, lut'um, lut'umal, lut'umay, lut'umU, 

lut'umtas. 

jisulan, kupilan, t'ol. 

bacUy scarred: tzepentik, lut'umtik. 

jot', jot'benal. 

scratch hard: ch'oti. 

scratch of cal or tiger: jot'ben. 

k'a'el, yax-k'a'el. 

get scrofula: yax-k'a'. 

scrofular person: yax-k'a'el, jyax-k'a'el. 

be short-sighted: mo natuk 'ilvan, mu natuk 

'il 'osil, mu natuk bat sat mu nattUc k'ot 

sal. 

(hand, foot): chubbU. 

become shriveled (hand, foot): chub ba. 

shmnken up: yak'al pat 

be or get sick: cham. 

be sick: kolo' 'osil 'a'i. 

be sicker: jelav 'ip. 

become sick: k'unk'un 'osil 'a'i. 

become very sick: taoj 'olonton. 

gel sick: taot la chamel. 

sick person: jchamel. 

chamel, kola'al 'osU, 

spread sickness: ch'amet. 

have a stitch in the side: xokon 'a'i. 

sickness or stitch in the side: xokonil chamel. 

stiteh in the side: xokon. 

six-fingered person: jvak-k'ob. 

six-toed person: jvak-'ok. 

k'ux. 

be poisoned by snakebite: tz'ot ta chon. 

(white hafrs, poxes on the body): vajal. 

with spasms: tup' 'ik'. 

speak hoarsely: sojet k'opoj, sojom k'opoj. 

tz'otbenal, tz'otel, tz'otobU, tz'otp'inel. 

sprain one's wrist: tzik' k'ob, tzik'esbey 

k'ob. 

tz'o'tz'o' sat tz'o'el satil. 

Jul, Jul la majel, xen, yalel. 

stab witii a lance: xen ta majel. 

slab wound: julbenal, julel. 

nap'e, loj te'. 

become sterile: 'och ta nap'eil, nap'ey. 

nap'eU, nap'eyel. 

stiff witii cold: •chalopol, •chaxopol. 

(wasp): ti'. 

(bleeding): mak, paj. 

not be Sfrong enough: mu labey 'ipal. 

badly slung: ti'bentUc. 

be stunned: samet 'osU, sutet 'osil 'a'i. 

pek'aU. 

be stupefied: bolib, ch'ay ch'ulel, mu 'a'i 

ba, pek'aub. 
648 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

smpefy 

stutter 

stutterersuffer 

suffering 

swell 

swelUng 

swollen 

tatar 

throat 

tootii 

tootiiache 

tumor 

mine 

voice 

vomit 

wart 

weak 

weaken 

weakness 

whiplash 

white 

wind 

wither 

withered 

worn 

worse 

wound 

bolibes, pek'aubtas. 

sesentik 'ok', sesentik k'opoj. 

jsesen-'ok', jsesen-'ok'U. 

sitffer from: •tzein. 

•tze, ya. 

(boU, bmise): lik petiuk. 

(boUs): lUc t'eUuk, lik vajluk. 

sit, sitel, situbel. 

have large swelUngs: vo'ey. 

pus-fiUed swelling: sit pojov. 

with a large sweUing: vo'ol, vo'vo'. 

with large sweUings: bujujlik, vo'otik. 

sit. 

be swollen: situbel 'a'i. 

xok 'e, xokU 'eal. 

dryness of throat: taki-ti'U, takinal ti'. 

have a chipped tooth: vok'ol 'e. 

have one's tooth fall out: lUij 'e. 

k'ux 'e. 

have a lcx)tiiache: k'ux jol. 

fatal tumor: ch'amojel chamel. 

neck tumor: pisis. pisis chamel. 

(Ufficulty in evacuating urine: makel be 

k'abU. 

have difficulty evacuating mine: mak be 

k'abU. 

lose one's voice: mak ti'. 

xen. 

vomit on: xetay. 

tzo' •'uk. 

mo 'ipuk, toj k'un. 

(bcxly): mo tzotzuk. 

be weak: mo 'oyuk, mo 'oyuk 'ip, mo 

tzotziUc 'ok. 

be weak with age or inffrmily: 'ok'elal 'osil 

'a'i. 

weak person: k'unil vinik. 

bik'tajes. 

(of body): k'unil. 

'av ch'ojon, majbenal. 

whiplash on the buttocks: jich'el ta majel 

chak, jipel ta majel chak. 

(eye with cataract): sak-^toan satU, sak-velan 

sal. 

pestilential wind: 'ipal chamelal 'Uc'. 

tzukib, matz'ub, takij. 

matz'al. 

be worn out (person): bUc'taj. 

grow worn (in sickness): nipaj. 

gel worse (sickness): 'ipal-kola'aj. 

majbenal. Hot, Hotol. 

(given with rod or rope): jipben. 

(received from rod or rope): jipbenal. 

(with a lance): xen. 

wounded 

lance wound tiiat one gives: xenben. 

lance wound tiiat one suffers: xenbenal. 

person whom one wounds: majben. 

proud flesh of wound: t'uy. 

lo'oltUc, majbentik, majbil, HotbU, Hotol. 

be wounded: Hot. 

be wounded (mentally): nuptan yaijel. 

34. Health, recovery, and medicine 

airing 

arsenic 

balsam 

bandage 

bleed 

blcxxlletter 

bloocUetting 

blow 

cfrcumcise 

come 

curable 

cure 

curer 

doctor 

ease 

eased 

gargle 

headache 

heal 

herbman 

hernia 

improved 

juice 

lancet 

life 

massage 

medical 

take an airing: majey. majey lum. 

jtzamesvanej pox. 

pox. 

yarn bandage: sijel. sivuabil pok'. 

jisulan. Jul, kupilan. lok'esbey ch'ich'el. 

jjulvanej. 

julvanej. 

blow on (food to ccx)l it, head wound or 

tumor to cure il): vuch'i. 

jos xinch'okil bek'tal, kup nukul xinch'okil 

bek'tal. 

come to: kuxol. 

be curable: 'utz kol 'u'un. 

'utzibtas, poxtaj. 

jpoxil, jpoxtayej. 

jpoxil. jpoxtayvanej. 

doctor who teaches: jchanantasvanej. 

doctor's instrument: poxtayab tak'in. 

ear dcx:tor: jpoxlayej-chUdnil. 

experienced doctor: jk'olel-poxU, jna'vanejpoxU. 

eye doctor: jpoxtayej-satU. 

(sickness): yamaj. 

yamalyamal. 

be eased: sabaj. sabub. 

be eased (sickness): yamaj 'a'i. 

pas pox. pas pox pokobil 'eal, pokobil 'eal, 

pox jamobU nuk', pox pokobil 'eal. 

make gargle: pas pox jamobU nuk'U. 

have a splitting headache: k'uxul jol. 

but', tzepenub. 

j'ojtakin-'abnal, j'ojtakin-pox. 

worm used to cure hemia: xulub chon. 

improved (in healtii): yamal pasal. 

slightiy improved (in healtii): pasal juteb. 

get juice from roots or plants by squeezing 

or pressing tiiem: pitz' 'a'lel, pitz'bey 

'a'lel. 

julob lak'in, julobil, julvanab. 

bring back to life: kuxan. 

ju'Uanbey, nit 

(person's painful beUy): jaxulanbey, ju'Uan. 

medical aid: poxtayabU, 
NUMBER 31 

medicine 

mend 

midwife 

mUdly 

oinunent 

patient 

phial 

piU 

plaster 

plastered 

poisonous 

purge 

purged 

pus 

recuperate 

recuperation 

remedy 

rest 

revive 

revived 

spectacles 

sfrength 

surgeon 

sweatbatii 

syringe 

tourniquet 

weU 

witch 

pox, poxtayabU. 

administer medicines: poxtaj. 

proven mecUcine: 'utzil pox, k'otel pox. 

(by fastening or sewing, bones): tz'ak ba. 

(wound): but', tzepenub. 

mend a broken bone: tz'ak bakel. 

jtam-'unen. 

(cure, mle, punish): k'un, laan. 

pox. 

colored ointment: nabnel. nobo. 

poxlal. 

redoma. 

pisis. pisis pox. pox, poxlal. 

pox. 

applied with plasters: 'ak'ebil pox. 

apply plasters: 'ak' pox, poxtay. 

apply plasters lo: 'ak'bey pox. 

poxtaybU. 

'ip kola'al, toj kolo'. 

(venom): laal kola'al 'e. 

'et'esabil chamel pox, tza'an, tza'tayabU 

chamel pox, pok, pokobil, pox, tojobtas. 

purge well: 'ep tz'i'ley ba. 

be purged: 'uch' tza'tayabU chamel pox, 

'uch* pox, kech ch'ut 

squeeze out pus: pitz' lok'el pojov. 

'utz'utz 'a'i, yamaj. 

'utzil. 

'utzintas, makel, tojobtas. 

(patient): laanej. 

be given a rest tzatzub, muib, nichimaj, 

nichimaj 'osU 'a'i. 

cha'-kux. kuxan, kuxes, kuxey, kuxol. 

(plant, person, free): kux. 

be revived: cha'-kuxey. 

'ilvanab. 

regain one's sfrengtii: 'ipaj, tzatzub, pas ba. 

surgeon's case: *av tak'in, chu'uy lak'in, na 

tak'in. 

surgeon's instmment poxtayab tak'in. 

pus. 

person who takes a sweatbatii: pusivU. 

take a sweatbatii: pusin. 

tak'in. 

makeb. 

get well: "utzib. 

jk'oplayvanej, jpoxil, jpoxtayej. 

35. ReUgion 

35.A. Catholic officials and laity 

acolyte 

beU 

jtak'beyej-misa. 

beU ringer: jtij-lak'in. 

649 

bishop obispo. 

deputy bishop: jlok'tay-obispo. 

cortfessor (priest): jtojobtasej-'olontonU. 

confessor who confesses his sins: j'al-mul, 

jjam-mul. 

(Usciple jchan-k'op. Ha' te chanantasbU 'u'un "ajval. 

friar ch'uul vinUc, jch'uul-xanbal, dominico, padre, 

glorifier j'utzintasvanej, jmuibtasvanej. 

graduate (priest): lik 'u'un sacerdoteal. 

graduate from priestiy orden 'ich' padreil. 

holy holy father: ch'uul tot 

holy person: 'utz'utz vinUc. 

kinsman ritual kinsman: ch'uul chi'il. 

legate papal legate: 'abat papa, k'exol sancto padre, 

lok'ob-bail sancto padre, lok'ol papa, 

legation papal legation: jk'ubiU k'op santo padre. 

lover lover of God: jjalal 'U dios. 

lover of heaven: jjalal 'U vinajel. 

Mass responder in the Mass: jtak'avel. 

serve as a responder in the Mass: tak'av. 

monk padre, 

novice 'ach' j'abtel, 'ach' padre, 

parishioner jteklej. 

pilgrim nam-tal vinik, xanvU ta 'Uel ch'uul mukenal. 

pilgrim who requests contributions for God 

(the Church): jk'anojel, jme'anajel. 

pope papa, sancto padre, santo pacfre. 

pray person who prays: ch'uivil. 

preacher jtzitza'ajel, jtzitzo', jtzitzvanej. 

prelate 'ojov, 'ojov padre, 'ojov ta padreil, ba padre, 

jchabiomal-padre. 

priest jchabi-ch'u, jchabiej-ch'u, ch'uul vinUc, jch'uulxanbal, padre, sacerdote. 

recanter jvalak pat k'op. 

simoniac jchon k'op dios, jchon patan dios. 

sinner jk'a'el, mulavil. 

steward 'okalpix. 

reUgious steward: jchabi-na. 

type (clothing, friar): j-tek. 

vicar vicar general: provisor. 

35.B. Church and religious articles 

altar 

banner 

baptismal 

belfry 

bell 

censer 

choir 

altar. 

altar forehangings: tzatzajel altar, frontal. 

bandera, lok'om. 

baptismal font: yaleb Ho' ta jolol. 

na campana, na lak'in. 

campana, tak'in. 

'av 'incienso, 'av castiUan pom, ch'atayabil, 

jomal 'av castillan pom. 

censer with which they cense: muibch'atayabil. 

(of tiie church): k'eyojinebal. 
650 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

church 

ciborium 

cross 

crozier 

ensign 

flag 

host 

hyssop 

incense 

missal 

mifre 

monastery 

parish 

paten 

prelacy 

pulpit 

reliquary 

sacristy 

shield 

staff 

standard 

waU 

white 

ch'uul na, iglesia, na dios. 

na lomajebal sacramento, nak'obU 

mento. 

cmz. 

arm of the cross: manga de cruz. 

xotxot tak'in, xotxot te'. 

lok'om. 

lok'om, lok'om pok'. 

sacramento. 

vitz'esab Ho', vitz'esabU Ho'. 

castiUan pom, incienso. 

misal, Hun misa. 

tzatzajel jol obispo, mifra. 

monasterio, na padre. 

teklej. 

native parish: jolimal. 

parish house: muk'ta na, tanil na. 

parish of origin: tasal, tos. 

patena. 

'ajvalel. 

tzitza'ajebal, yo' 'oy Hu' tzitzo'. 

sacrachabiabU ch'uul komenaUl, nak'obil ch'uul 

komenal santo. 

tzatzajeb pacfre, tzatzajebal, chabiabU bel 

dios, nak'obil bel na cUos, sachristia. 

reed shield they hang in the chiu-ch: 

puj. 

pilgrim's staff: nam-te'U. 

lok'om. 

church waU: ch'ub na dios. 

appear white as a cliff or churches 

na 

pokol 

in 

distance: sak-jalan, sak-kepan, sak-tik' 

the 

an. 

blessing 

cense 

cfrcumcise 

confess 

confessed 

confession 

confessor 

confirmation 

confused 

consecrate 

conversion 

convert 

converted 

cmcify 

diminishment 

divided 

35.C. Beliefs, practices, and sacraments 

and other good 

and other good 

absolve ch'ay mul, ch'aybey, ch'aybey mul 

abstinence tojol ve'el. 

announce announce fasts, prayers, 

things: 'ak' 'U. 

anounce fasts, prayers, 

things: "ak' na'uk. 

anoint ju' aceite. ju'bey aceite ta bek'tal, t'ab, 

t'abbey pox ta bek'tal. 

assemble assemble people (as in a procession): chol 

vinUc, meltzan vinUc. 

baptism bautismo, yaleb Ho' ta jolol. 

beUef beUef in God: ch'uunel dios. 

beU ring a bell: sobtUcsobtik tij campana, ta tijel 

tijulan campana, tij campana, tij tak'in. 

beU-ringing sobtUcil tijel, tijulanvanej. 

blaspheme 'ut dios, 'ul santo, kola'al-'al, ti'oltay. 

bless 'al, 'utzil-'al. 

(meal, water): ch'uUtas. 

doctrine 

earthly 

episcopal 

faitii 

fast 

forsake 

frightened 

genuflect 

glorification 

glorified 

glorify 

glory 

ch'uiltasvanej. 

ch'ailay. ch'ailtas, ch'atay, k'ojojib, muibch'atay, muibtay ta ch'ail. 

jos xinch'okil bek'tal. kup nukul xinch'okU 

bek'tal. 

'al mul, ch'ay mul, james, vinajes. 

pubUcly confessed: Hapbil ti'. 

confesion, tojobtasabU, tojobtasabU "olontonil, tojobtasel 'olontonil. 

hear confession: tojobtas, tojobtasbey 'olonton. 

make one's confession: meltzajes 'olonton, 

tojobes 'olonton. tojobtas 'olonton. 

make pubUc confession: Hap ti'il. 

pubUc confession: Hap ti'. Hap ti'il. 

take confession: pas confesion. 

confessor who confesses his sins: j'al-mul, 

jjam-mul. 

conffrmacion. 

be confused in conversation, speech, or the 

dcx:trine: sok 'u'un. 

ch'uiltas. 

(as of St, Paul): sutel 'olontonil, 

k'atajes, 

be converted: k'ataj, sut 'olonton, suttzaj, 

sutp'ij. 

be converted (from sinful ways): Hul 'olonton. 

baj la cmz. 

time or place of cUminshment (of one's sins): 

ch'ayeb. 

be divided into parts (rosary, sermon, talk): 

lok'. 

chanob k'op. 

make a mistake in the d(x:trine: sa' 'u'un. 

balumilal. 

'u'un obispo, lekoj obispo. 

ch'uunvanej. 

be without faith: mo 'oyuk ch'uunvanej. 

faith that one received: ch'uunel. 

one of the articles of the faith: ch'uunel dios. 

compulsory fast: tzajal ch'abajel. 

forsake God: 'iktay dios, paj ta ch'uunel (Uos, 

ti'oltay dios. 

be frightened by having seen or heard a 

mfracle: laban. 

•kekubaj, •kekuban. 

'utzibtasel, 'utzibtasvanej. muibtasel, muibtasvanej. 

'UtzibtasbU, muibtasbU, nichimajesbil. 

'utzibtas, tzatzubes, muibes, muibtas, 

muk'ubtas. nichimajes. toy. 

'utzibeb. 'utzibebal, •mi-bail, muibel. nichimajel. 
NUMBER 31 651 

God 

godmother 

grace 

heaven 

heU 

heUffre 

holiness 

holy 

hymnal 

immortal 

immortaUly 

indulgence 

infernal 

kin 

kneel 

kneeling 

learn 

leave 

limbo 

line 

litany 

living 

tme glory: batz'i muibel, tojol muibel, 

follow God's commands or persevere in that 

effort batz'itay chabiel k'op dios, batz'itay 

pasel k'op dios, 

remember God frequentiy: tamtamuk dios ta 

'olonton, 

baptismal godmother: me' ta 'a'al dios, me'il 

la bautismo, 

wedding gcximothen me'U ta nupunel, 

'utzibel. 'utzil. 

endowed with grace: 'ep 'utzil. 'ep gracia. 

'utzibeb. 'utzibebal, muibeb, muibebal, nichimajeb. nichimajebal. 

chamebal. 

(particularly of the damned): chan-kajal na. 

(where tiie bones are bifrnt): k'atin-bak. 

person in hell: k'atin-bakU vinik. 

k'atin-bakU 'ik'ti', k'atin-bakU 'il ya, k'atinbakil vokol, k'atin-bakil ya. 

'utzil, ch'uulU. 

'utz, ch'uul. 

become holy: 'utzib, ch'uuUb. 

holy orders: sacerdoteU. 

make holy: ch'uulibtas. 

take holy orders: 'och la pacfre, 'och ta 

sacerdote, pas ba ta padre. 

Hun k'eyoj. 

kuxul batel 'osil, mo no 'ox bak'in cham, 

mo no 'ox cham bak'in, mu cham batel 

'osil. 

batel 'osU mo 'oyuk chamel. 

'abolajel, 'aboltayvanej. 

concession of plenary indulgence: ch'ayob 

mul, ch'ayobU mul, jubileo. 

k'atin-bakU. 

ritual kin of baptism: chi'U la 'a'al dios. 

ritual kin of baptism or confirmation: chi'il 

ta na dios, jalal chi'il. 

ritual kin of conffrmation: chi'U ta conffrmacion. 

kejan ba, kejey. 

make kneel: 'ak' kejluk. 

•kekub. 

be kneeUng: kejel. 

learn the dcx:trine: chan k'op dios. 

leave quickly as from the church or school: 

soblaj lok', tUdaj lok', •votol-lok', •votolan lok'el. 

chamebal. 

line up people as in a procession: mel vinUc, 

meltzan vinik, pas vinUc. 

'aptayabU kotol sanctoetik, letania. 

precept for living: meltzajesabil xanbal, 

takiej, tojobtasabU pasnej. 

marry 

marvel 

Mass 

matins 

mfracle 

mfraculous 

mistake 

novena 

ordain 

ordained 

paradise 

penance 

perutence 

penitent 

pilgrimage 

pray 

prayer 

preach 

preacher 

preaching 

prcx:ession 

prosfrate 

protected 

purgatory 

recant 

recantation 

refuge 

religion 

renounce 

marry in the church: nupun. 

marvel of tiie ceremony: labajel. 

misa. 

celebrate Mass: pas misa. 

charge fee for the Mass: 'ak' pakobU misa, 

pas altar, 

serve as a responder in the Mass: tak'av. 

maitines. 

chamolajel, labajel, tup'olajel. 

be mfraculous: labanat, tup'olanat 

make a mistake in conversation, speech, or 

the doctrine: sok 'u'un. 

baluneb k'ak'al. 

pas ta padre, pas ta sacerdote. 

be ordained: 'ich' padreU, 'ich' sacerdoteil, 

pas ba ta pacfre, pas la pacfre, pasey ta 

padre, 

muibel 'osU, nichimajebal 'osil, paraiso. 

penitencia. 

bik'tajel 'olontonil, me'anajel 'olonton, 

me'anajel 'olontonil. 

be penitent bik'taj 'olonton, me'anaj 'olonton. 

ch'uul me'anajel xanbal, nam-tal xanbal. 

go on a pUgrimage: 'ech'te 'ech'te, kom 

lumal xanav, kom na xanav. 

make a pilgrimage: 'ech'te 'ech'te xanbal. 

on a pUgrimage: nom talel. 

ch'uiv, k'an-k'opoj, k'an-k'opon, k'opoj, 

k'opon. 

pray aloud (as when we pray from tiie book 

of devotion or read): vixvon, vixvonet. 

pray aloud with intonation: janjonet. 

pray for: k'opoj 'u'un, k'oponvan, Hu' 

k'opojel 'u'un. 

pray to God: 'aptay dios, 'Uc' dios, k'opon 

dios. 

'aptayel, ch'uivej, k'an-k'oponel. 

tzitz, tzitza'aj, tzitzvan. 

preaching place: tzitzvanejeb. 

jtzitza'ajel. 

preaching place: tzitza'ajel. 

joyijel, joyijel xanbal, procesion. 

prosfrate self: patan ba, patey. 

protected by the lord: tojol. 

chamebal, purgatorio. 

(where one's sins are paid for after this Ufe): 

'ox-kajal na ta chamebal, tojob mulU. 

valak pat k'opoj, valak-patij k'op, valak-patij 

ti', valak-patin k'op, valak-patin ti'. 

valak-patinel k'op, valak-patinel ti'il. 

take refuge in the church: koltay ba. 

'utzil xanbal, ch'uul xanbal. 

renounce one's religion: 'Uctay ch'uunel 
652 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

repent 

repentance 

resist 

respect 

resurrection 

revelation 

revere 

sacraments 

sacrifice 

sacrilege 

sacrilegious 

salutation 

salvation 

sanctify 

sermon 

sermonize 

shelter 

sign 

simony 

sin 

dios, 'iktay cUos. 

'ok' 'olonton, bik'taj 'olonton, chibaj 'olonton, k'ux 'a'i, k'uxub 'olonton, yanij 

'olonton. 

moment when or place where one repents: 

bik'tajebal, mp'ebal. 

repent one's sins: me'anaj 'olonton 'u'un 

mul. 

bik'tajel 'olontonU, mich'el 'olonton, yanijel 

'olontonU. 

resist as temptations: pajbey k'op. 

respect God: tzames dios. 

kuxel, kuxlej. 

divine revelation: jamvanej dios, tamvanej 

dios. 

have a revelation: na' la jambeyel la 'olonton 

'u'un dios, na' ta tambeyel ta 'olonton 

'u'un dios, tambeat 'u'un dios. 

known by revelation: jambeat 'u'un dios. 

'ak' ta vinik, 'ipuk 'ik "a'i, tzamesvan, 

ch'uun, k'ex, k'exvan, xi'. 

revere God: tzames dios. 

revere the king: tzames rey, 

sacramento, 

k'eelU, k'elaj, k'elan, motonil, 

commit a sacrilege: nak bel na dios, 

commit a sacrilege (by stealing from the 

church): 'elk'an bel na dios, 

be sacrilegious: mo ch'uun lum (Uos, mo 

ch'uun na dios, 

angel's salutation of the Vfrgin Mary: 

k'oponabU Santa Maria 'u'un Angel, 

kolesvanej, koltayvanej. 

salvation one receives: koltayel. 

'utzibtas, ch'uuUbtas. 

tzitzo', tzitzoj, tzitzvanej, chanantasvanab 

k'op, chanantasvanej k'op. 

brief sermon: bik'tal tzitzo'. 

give a sermon: tzitza'aj. 

theme of a sermon: likeb tzitzo', likeb k'op. 

tzitza'aj. 

take sheller in the chiuch: koles ba. 

make a sign (as when tiiey make tiie sign of 

the cross with their fingers or signal to a 

mute): p'is. 

chonel patan dios, chonel sacramento, manel 

patan dios, simonia. 

•'aal, 'al, k'a', mul, mulav, mulU, yal la 'al. 

gfrlhood sin: tzebal mul. 

grave sin: me' mul. 

harden in sin: tzatzubes ta mul. 

make person sin: mulaltas. 

original sin: 'ibel muUl. 

pay for another's sins: kuch. 

search out sins: jak' muUl. 

sin persistentiy (as a stubborn or shameless 

dog): tz'i'U-mulav, 

sin wiltfuUy: tzatzub ta kola'al, yijub ta 

kola'al, 

womanly sin: 'antzil mul, 

sinfuUiess persistent sinfulness: tz'i'U la muUl, 

sinner become a sinnen tz'i'ub, 

cause person to become a hardened sinner: 

lajel tz'i'lej ta mulU, 

soul ch'ulelil, pixanU, 

spfritual ch'uul, 

sprinkle (witii tiie hand or hyssop): vitz'es, 

sttidy study of the doctrine: chanel k'op dios, 

sitffer (aUowing others to be saved as when tiie 

InncKenls cUed instead of tiie Christians): 

maki ya. 

suffering suffering of tiie soul: 'olontonil ya. 'olontonil 

yaijel. 

sustenance competent sustenance appointed to person 

entering the priesthood: 'ech'eb 'osU, 

'et'esab "osU. 

swear 'al bi dios, tij ta 'alel bi dios. 

swear to God: Hap ti'il. 

swear while making sign of the cross: p'is 

cmz. 

talk holy or modest talk: 'utzU k'op. 

infernal laUc: k'atin-bakU k'op. 

talk of many as in a cofradia: ch'ijetel, 

k'uletel. 

tormred be tortured (as tiie damned): 'il vokol. 

tmst tmst in God: jok'an ba ta tojol dios, k'uban 

ba ta tojol dios, mak ba la tojol dios. 

tmsting tmsting in God: jok'ol la tojol dios. 

unction exfreme unction: t'abel. 

unfaithfulness mo ch'uuneluk dios, mo ch'uunvanejuk. 

venerate k'ex. 

vigU julayel. 

vision (seen when awake): lab satil. 

have a vision: 'U. 

see visions: lab-sati, lab-satij. 

wake 'ilel 'ak'abal, julayel. 

water holy waten 'a'al dios, ch'uUtasbU Ho', 

ch'uivel Ho', 

word word of God: ch'uul k'op. 

worship ch'uul-k'opoj, ch'uul-k'opon, ch'uun, jelk'opon, xi'. 

35.D. Deities and saints 

angel 

clean 

angel. 

angel's salute of tiie Vfrgin Mary: k'oponabU 

Santa Maria 'u'un Angel, 

absolutely clean (God): pokpokbil. 
NUMBER 31 

create 

cifrse 

divinity 

God 

greeting 

martyr 

martyrdom 

martyrology 

mermaid 

reUc 

retablo 

saint 

salutation 

spirit 

(as Gcxi made the world): pas. 

'ut (Uos, *ut santo. 

ch'ual, diosU. 

ch'u, dios. 

angel's greeting: tzamesvanej Angel. 

greeting of the Vfrgin by the angel: tzamesel 

jalal xeptik 'u'un Angel. 

jtzatzal-ch'uunvanej. 

'ilel vokol 'u'un (Uos, tzamesel 'u'lm dios 

cham, yaijesel 'u'un (Uos. 

na'obU k*ak*al, na'obU k'in. 

'anlzU vinik. 

reUc of saint ch'uul komenaUl, komenal 

santo. 

tz'ib. 

canvas retablo: tz'ibaybU pok'. 

wcxxien retablo: tz'ibaybU te'. 

sancto, santo. 

angel's salutation of titie Vfrgin Mary: 

k'oponabU Santa Maria 'u'un Angel. 

'Uc'. HobU. 

35.E. Fiestas 

bewitched 

bewiteher 

bewitchment 

blasphemer 

devil 

devilish 

divine 

(Uviner 

enchant 

enchanter 

enchantment 

All 

arrive 

cake 

calendar 

Christmas 

day 

Easter 

fast 

fiesta 

holiday 

Lent 

litter 

marvel 

octave 

paschal 

All Saints' Day: k'in chame-vinUc. 

All Souls' Day: k'in chame-vinik. 

(Lent rainy season): •kuyey. 

Easter cake: ton tuluk'U vaj. 

calendar of saints' days: 'atob 'osil, 'atob 

k'ak'al. 'atob k'in. 

'ayanel, k'in navidad, k'in pascua, navidad, 

pascua, vinkilayel, vinkilayel pascua. 

holy day: chabiat k'in. 

kuxel pascua, muk' pascua, pascua. 

compulsory Lenten fast: tzajal ch'abajel ta 

cuaresmatik. 

k'in. 

hold a fiesta: 'al te k'in, k'in la 'al, pas k'in, 

pasbey k'in. 

naka 'osil, naka 'osUtik. 

cuaresma, ch'ob, k'inal ch'abajel. 

feathered Utter: •kemil. 

marvel of the ceremony: labajel. 

eight day fiesta: ch'akeb vaxakib k'ak'al, 

ch'akel vaxakib k'ak'al, vaxakib k'ak'al. 

pascuaU, ta pascuatik 'ayan, ta pascuatik 

lok'. 

evU 

flower 

god 

goddess 

heathen 

idol 

35 .F. Native religion and witehcraft, disbelief and blasphemy 

apostate j'Uctayej. jpajel ta ch'uunel dios. 

bewitch tz'i'ley, k'oplay. k'oplayvan. labtay. •paxi, 

idolator 

idolatry 

infidel 

magic 

mask 

pagan 

predict 

pre(Uction 

653 

poxtay ta k'op, poxtay ta k'oplayvanej. 

bewitch witii medicinal potions: poxtaj. 

poxtay. 

k'oplaybil. 

jlabtayvanej. 

k'in. •paax. 

j'ut-dios, jkola'al 'al dios, jti'ol-k'op, 

jti'oltayvanej. 

kisin, pukuj. 

call person a devU: 'albey pukuj, p'is ta 

pukuj. 

kind of devil: poslom. 

pukujil. 

devilish deed: pukujU pasnej. 

k'inij, mel k'in. 

divine by lots: k'intay. 

(Uvine in water: k'inij ta Ho', 

jk'ina, jk'inij, jk'inijel, jk'intayvanej, jtoj 

ti'iej k'op, jtoj-ti'iel, jtoj-ti'ivanej. 

knowledge or prophecy of diviner: k'in. 

(with words): k'oplay. 

enchant or bewitch so as to faU in love: 

yakubes. 

jk'oplayvanej, jlabtayvanej. 

enchantment one suffers: k'oplayel. 

enchantment one works: k'oplayvanej. 

evU enchantment: labanej, labtayvanej k'op. 

love enchantment: yakil, yakubel. 

evU or bad person or vision: lob. 

evU person: labal vinik. 

flower painted like a tiger with the image of 

a dragon inside: 'utz'ob bolom. 

false god: pak'tayej ch'u, patol dios, tajimol 

ch'u. 

principal goddess: 'alajom. 

heathen custom: pasnej te mo ch'uunvan 

vinUce. 

(of stone): vinUc ton. 

(of wood): vinik te'. 

stone idol (tiiat was made witii a chisel): 

k'ojbil ton. 

worship idols: ch'uun vinik ton. 

jch'uun vinUc ton, jk'opon vinik ton. 

ch'uunel vinik ton, k'oponel vinik ton. 

mo ch'uunvan vinUc, Ha' te mo ch'uunvanej. 

black magic: 'ak'abal k'op, pukuj k'op, 

vayajelal k'op. 

deed of black magic: vayajelal pasnej. 

k'oj te'. 

(once used during tiie sacrifices and worn 

by tiiose who once kept the idols): taniab. 

jch'uun pak'tayej ch'u. Ha' te mo batz'i 

(Uosuk chu'unane. 

toj-ti'i, toj-ti'i 'u'un. 

give ominous prediction: •paxi. 
654 SMTTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANTHROPOLOGY 

prophecy 

prophesied 

prophesy 

prophet 

reUgion 

sacrifice 

sorcerer 

thunder 

witch 

witchcraft 

worship 

'U tun. 

person's prophecy: k'inal. 

prophecy given: toj-ti'ivanej. 

prophecy received: toj-ti'iel. 

toj-ti'ibU. 

k'inij, toj-ti'i, toj-ti'ivan. 

prophesy another's fate: k'intay. 

profeta. jti'iej-k'op. jtoj ti'iej k'op, jtoj-ti'iel, 

jtoj-ti'ivanej. 

(male or female): j'alal-k'op. 

false prophet: jpak'tayej-profeta. 

false religion: pak'tayej ch'uul xanbal. 

human sacrifice: kupvanej ta moton ch'u. 

sacrifice bfrds: mil. 

sacrifice people: kup, kupvan. 

stone on which they performed sacrifices: 

ch'anob, ch'anobU ton. 

sorcerer of black magic: vayajom. 

j'ox-lajun Ha'al chon, jjun Ha'al chon. 

jk'oplayvanej, jpoxU, jpoxtayej. 

vayajel. 

worship idols: k'opon vinik ton. 

36. Sundries 

and 

but 

even 

chi'uk. 

-ey. 

even if not: pisU. 

not even: k'alal. 

except 

how? 

however 

I 

it 

no 

nor 

not 

one 

or 

someone 

something 

that 

tiie 

tills 

what 

whatever 

which 

whichever 

who 

whoever 

yes 

Ha'uk manchuk. 

k'usi cha'leybU. 

-ey. 

Ho'on. 

Ha'. 

by or for it 'u'un. 

ma. manchuk, mo, mo'oj, mu. 

-uk. 

mo, moyuk, mu. 

the one: Ha'. 

or tf: •jey. •jeye. 

much'uy. 

k'usi. 

Ha'. 

te. 

li',U'to,HaU'.HaU'to. 

k'usi. 

yo' 'oy k'usi. 

(person): buch'uy, much'uy. much'uy juniUc. 

k'usiiUc no 'ox. 

(person): buch'uyuk, much'uyuk. 

buch'uy, much'uy. 

buch'uyuk no 'ox, much'uyuk no 'ox, yo' 

'oy much'uy. 

Ha'.