II 

Calendar No. 454 

109TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 1950 

To promote global energy security through increased cooperation between 

the United States and India in diversifying sources of energy, stimulating 

development of alternative fuels, developing and deploying technologies 

that promote the clean and efficient use of coal, and improving energy 

efficiency. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

NOVEMBER 1, 2005 

Mr. LUGAR introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred 

to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

MAY 25, 2006 

Reported by Mr. LUGAR, with amendments 

[Omit the part struck through and insert the part printed in italic] 

A BILL 

To promote global energy security through increased cooperation between the United States and India in diversifying 

sources of energy, stimulating development of alternative 

fuels, developing and deploying technologies that promote 

the clean and efficient use of coal, and improving energy 

efficiency. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 


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1 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

2 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘United States-India 

3 Energy Security Cooperation Act of 2005 2006’’. 

4 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

5 Congress makes the following findings: 

6 (1) The December 2004 National Intelligence 

7 Council report entitled ‘‘Mapping the Global Future 

8 in 2020’’ states that the single most important fac9 tor affecting the demand for energy will be global 

10 economic growth, especially that of China and India. 

11 It is estimated that the current economic growth 

12 rate in India is approximately 7 percent of gross do13 mestic product. India will need to double its energy 

14 consumption within the next 15 years to maintain 

15 steady rates of economic growth. 

16 (2) The United States and India launched an 

17 energy dialogue on May 31, 2005, aimed at building 

18 upon a broad range of existing energy cooperation 

19 and developing new avenues of collaboration on en20 ergy. These efforts will promote increased trade and 

21 investment in the energy sector by utilizing re22 sources in the public and private sectors, focusing on 

23 oil and gas, power and energy efficiency, new tech24 nologies and renewable energy, coal and clean coal 

25 technology, and civil nuclear cooperation. In his tes26 timony before the Committee on Foreign Relations 


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1 of the Senate on July 26, 2005, Under Secretary of 

2 Energy David Garman said, ‘‘The United States and 

3 India recognize their mutual interests are best 

4 served by working together in a collaborative fashion 

5 to ensure stability in global energy markets.’’. 

6 (3) As the sixth largest energy consumer in the 

7 world, India satisfies 70 percent of its oil demand 

8 with imports and has embarked on an aggressive oil 

9 and gas exploration program. The largest discovery 

10 of natural gas in the world in 2002 occurred in 

11 India. In 2003, the largest discovery of oil in the 

12 world occurred in the state of Rajasthan in India. 

13 External funding and investment in the oil and gas 

14 industry in India is necessary to maximize recovery 

15 from oil fields, but an improved investment environ16 ment in India is needed to attract such investment. 

17 (4) India is the world’s third largest producer 

18 of coal and will continue to rely on coal as a major 

19 energy source to support expanding industrial and 

20 electric power generation needs. However, many of 

21 India’s coal-fired plants are inefficient and lack ade22 quate pollution control equipment. In his address to 

23 a joint session of the United States Congress on 

24 July 19, 2005, Prime Minister of India Manmohan 

25 Singh noted the importance of allowing greater acVerDate Aug 31 2005 05:48 May 26, 2006 Jkt 049196 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S1950.RS S1950

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1 cess for developing countries to clean coal tech2 nologies and of exploring partnerships that encour3 age more efficient use of hydrocarbon resources. 

4 (5) India provides a market for United States 

5 technologies that promote the clean and efficient use 

6 of energy. 

7 (6) India has announced plans to develop a 

8 5,000,000 ton strategic crude oil reserve, which is 

9 expected to be completed by 2009. 

10 (7) United States energy experts have empha11 sized the need for the United States to increase col12 laboration with other countries— 

13 (A) to develop and deploy energy tech14 nologies that will not be pursued absent greater 

15 Federal support; 

16 (B) to increase investment in cooperative 

17 international energy research; and 

18 (C) to expand the global network of stra19 tegic petroleum reserves. 

20 SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 

21 It is the policy of the United States— 

22 (1) to cooperate with India to address common 

23 energy challenges, to ensure future global energy se24 curity, and to increase the world-wide availability of 

25 clean energy; 


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1 (2) to promote dialogue and increased under2 standing between the United States and India on 

3 our respective national energy policies and strategies 

4 as an integral part of the expanding strategic part5 nership between the two countries; and 

6 (3) to collaborate with India in energy research 

7 that fosters market-based approaches to energy se8 curity and offers the promise of technological break9 throughs that reduce oil dependency globally. 

10 SEC. 4. ASSISTANCE TO SUPPORT ENERGY COOPERATION. 

11 (a) AUTHORIZATION.—The President is authorized to 

12 establish programs in support of greater energy coopera13 tion between the United States and India. 

14 (b) ACTIVITIES.—Assistance may be provided under 

15 this section for cooperation related to— 

16 (1) research, development, and deployment of 

17 clean coal and emission reduction technologies and 

18 carbon sequestration projects; 

19 (2) research, development, and deployment of 

20 alternative fuel sources, such as ethanol, bio-mass, 

21 and coal-based fuels, and hydrogen; 

22 (3) research, development, and deployment of 

23 energy efficiency projects; 


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1 (4) research related to commercially available 

2 technologies that promote the clean and efficient use 

3 of energy in India; and 

4 (5) technical assistance in support of the devel5 opment by the Government of India of a strategic oil 

6 reserve to allow India to cope with short-term dis7 ruptions to global oil supplies without causing 

8 shocks to India’s market or the global market. 

9 SEC. 5. REPORT ON ENERGY COOPERATION. 

10 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

11 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State 

12 shall, in coordination with the Secretary of Energy, submit 

13 to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee 

14 on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the 

15 Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee 

16 on International Relations of the House of Representa17 tives a report on energy security cooperation between the 

18 United States and India. 

19 (b) CONTENT.—The report required under subsection 

20 (a) shall describe— 

21 (1) the ways in which the United States and 

22 India have cooperated on energy research and devel23 opment activities; 

24 (2) joint projects that have been initiated using 

25 assistance authorized under section 4, and the conVerDate Aug 31 2005 05:48 May 26, 2006 Jkt 049196 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S1950.RS S1950

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1 tribution such assistance has made to improving 

2 global energy security; and 

3 (3) plans for future energy cooperation and 

4 joint projects between the United States and India. 


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Calendar No. 454 

109TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 1950 

A BILL 

To promote global energy security through inenergy efficiency. the clean and efficient use of coal, and improving oping and deploying technologies that promote ulating development of alternative fuels, devel- and India in diversifying sources of energy, stim- creased cooperation between the United States 

MAY 25, 2006 

Reported with amendments 


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