United States Prevention, Pesticides EPA 738-R-95-016

Environmental Protection And Toxic Substances July 1995

Agency (7508W)

Reregistration

Eligibility Decision (RED)

Diquat Dibromide

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460

OFFICE OF 

PREVENTION, PESTICIDES

AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

CERTIFIED MAIL

Dear Registrant:

I am pleased to announce that the Environmental Protection Agency has completed its

reregistration eligibility review and decisions on the pesticide chemical case diquat dibromide

which icludes the active ingredient 6, 7-dihydrodipyrido(1,2-a:2',1,-c)pyrazinediium

dibromide. The enclosed Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) contains the Agency's

evaluation of the data base of these chemicals, its conclusions of the potential human health

and environmental risks of the current product uses, and its decisions and conditions under

which these uses and products will be eligible for reregistration. The RED includes the data

and labeling requirements for products for reregistration. It may also include requirements for

additional data (generic) on the active ingredients to confirm the risk assessments.

To assist you with a proper response, read the enclosed document entitled "Summary

of Instructions for Responding to the RED". This summary also refers to other enclosed

documents which include further instructions. You must follow all instructions and submit

complete and timely responses. The first set of required responses are due 90 days from

the date of this letter. The second set of required responses are due 8 months from the

date of this letter. Complete and timely responses will avoid the Agency taking the

enforcement action of suspension against your products.

If you have questions on the product specific data requirements or wish to meet with

the Agency, please contact the Special Review and Reregistration Division representative 

Franklin Rubis at (703) 308-8184. Address any questions on required generic data to the

Special Review and Reregistration Division representative Kylie Rothwell at (703) 308-8055.

Sincerely yours,

Lois Rossi, Director

Special Review 

 and Reregistration Division

Enclosures
SUMMARY OF INSTRUCTIONS FOR RESPONDING TO

THE REREGISTRATION ELIGIBILITY DECISION (RED)

1. DATA CALL-IN (DCI) OR "90-DAY RESPONSE"--If generic data are required for

reregistration, a DCI letter will be enclosed describing such data. If product specific data

are required, a DCI letter will be enclosed listing such requirements. If both generic and

product specific data are required, a combined Generic and Product Specific DCI letter will

be enclosed describing such data. However, if you are an end-use product registrant only and

have been granted a generic data exemption (GDE) by EPA, you are being sent only the

product specific response forms (2 forms) with the RED. Registrants responsible for generic

data aree being sent response forms for both generic and product specific data requirements (4

forms). You must submit the appropriate response forms (following the instructions

provided) within 90 days of the receipt of this RED/DCI letter; otherwise, your product

may be suspended.

2. TIME EXTENSIONS AND DATA WAIVER REQUESTS--No time extension requests

will be granted for the 90-day response. Time extension requests may be submitted only with

respect to actual data submissions. Requests for data waivers must be submitted as part of the

90-day response. Requests for time extensions for product specific data should be submitted

in the 90-day response. All data waiver and time extension requests must be accompanied by

a full justification. All waivers and time extensions must be granted by EPA in order to go

into effect.

3. APPLICATION FOR REREGISTRATION OR "8-MONTH RESPONSE"--You must

submit the following items for each product within eight months of the date of this letter

(RED issuance date).

a. Application for Reregistration (EPA Form 8570-1). Use only an original

application form. Mark it "Application for Reregistration." Send your Application for

Reregistration (along with the other forms listed in b-e below) to the address listed in item 5.

b. Five copies of draft labeling which complies with the RED and current regulations

and requirements. Only make labeling changes which are required by the RED and current

regulations (40 CFR 156.10) and policies. Submit any other amendments (such as formulation

changes, or labeling changes not related to reregistration) separately. You may delete uses

which the RED says are ineligible for reregistration. For further labeling guidance, refer to

the labeling section of the EPA publication "General Information on Applying for Registration

in the U.S., Second Edition, August 1992" (available from the National Technical Information

Service, publication #PB92-221811; telephone number 703-487-4650).

c. Generic or Product Specific Data. Submit all data in a format which complies

with PR Notice 86-5, and/or submit citations of data already submitted and give the EPA

identifier (MRID) numbers. Before citing these studies, you must make sure that they meet

the Agency's acceptance criteria (attached to the DCI).
d. Two copies of the Confidential Statement of Formula (CSF) for each basic and

each alternate formulation. The labeling and CSF which you submit for each product must

comply with P.R. Notice 91-2 by declaring the active ingredient as the nominal

concentration. You have two options for submitting a CSF: (1) accept the standard certified

limits (see 40 CFR §158.175) or (2) provide certified limits that are supported by the analysis

of five batches. If you choose the second option, you must submit or cite the data for the five

batches along with a certification statement as described in 40 CFR §158.175(e). A copy of

the CSF is enclosed; follow the instructions on its back.

e. Certification With Respect to Data Compensation Requirements. Complete and

sign EPA form 8570-31 for each product. 

4. COMMENTS IN RESPONSE TO FEDERAL REGISTER NOTICE--Comments

pertaining to the content of the RED may be submitted to the address shown in the Federal

Register Notice which announces the availability of this RED.

5. WHERE TO SEND PRODUCT SPECIFIC DCI RESPONSES (90-DAY) AND

APPLICATIONS FOR REREGISTRATION (8-MONTH RESPONSES)

By U.S. Mail:

Document Processing Desk (RED-SRRD-PRB)

Office of Pesticide Programs (7504C)

 EPA, 401 M St. S.W.

Washington, D.C. 20460-0001

By express:

Document Processing Desk (RED-SRRD-PRB)

Office of Pesticide Programs (7504C) 

Room 266A, Crystal Mall 2 

1921 Jefferson Davis Hwy. 

Arlington, VA 22202

6. EPA'S REVIEWS--EPA will screen all submissions for completeness; those which are not

complete will be returned with a request for corrections. EPA will try to respond to data

waiver and time extension requests within 60 days. EPA will also try to respond to all 8-

month submissions with a final reregistration determination within 14 months after the RED

has been issued. 
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS

SPECIAL REVIEW AND REREGISTRATION DIVISION

REREGISTRATION ELIGIBILITY DECISION

Diquat Dibromide

LIST A

CASE 0288
TABLE OF CONTENTS

DIQUAT DIBROMIDE REREGISTRATION ELIGIBILITY DECISION TEAM ..... i

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................... v

I. INTRODUCTION .......................................... 1

II. CASE OVERVIEW ......................................... 2

A. Chemical Overview .................................... 2

B. Use Profile .......................................... 2

C. Estimated Usage of Pesticide .............................. 5

D. Data Requirements ..................................... 6

E. Regulatory History ..................................... 6

III. SCIENCE ASSESSMENT ..................................... 6

A. Physical Chemistry Assessment ............................. 6

B. Human Health Assessment ................................ 7

1. Toxicology Assessment .............................. 7

a. Acute Toxicity .............................. 8

b. Subchronic Toxicity ........................... 8

c. Chronic Toxicity ............................ 10

d. Carcinogenicity ............................. 11

e. Developmental Toxicity ....................... 12

f. Reproductive Toxicity ........................ 15

g. Mutagenicity .............................. 16

h. Metabolism ............................... 17

i. Neurotoxicity .............................. 18

j. Other Toxicological Considerations ............... 19

2. Exposure Assessment .............................. 20

a. Dietary Exposure ........................... 20

b. Occupational and Residential ................... 27

3. Risk Assessment ................................. 31

a. Dietary Chronic Risk Analysis ................... 31

b. Occupational and Residential ................... 32

C. Environmental Assessment ............................... 36

1. Ecological Toxicity Data ........................... 36

a. Toxicity to Terrestrial Animals .................. 36

b. Toxicity to Aquatic Animals .................... 38

c. Toxicity to Plants ........................... 41

2. Environmental Fate .............................. 43

a. Environmental Fate Assessment .................. 43

b. Surface Water Assessment ..................... 44

c. Environmental Fate and Transport ............... 44

3. Exposure and Risk Characterization ................... 47
a. Ecological Exposure and Risk Characterization ....... 47

b. Freshwater Invertebrates ...................... 57

c. Estuarine and Marine Animals .................. 57

4. Exposure and Risk to Nontarget Plants ................. 57

IV. RISK MANAGEMENT AND REREGISTRATION DECISION ........... 60

A. Determination of Eligibility .............................. 60

1. Eligibility Decision ............................... 61

B. Regulatory Position ................................... 61

1. Tolerance Reassessment ............................ 61

2. Risk Mitigation Measures ........................... 69

3. Endangered Species Statement ....................... 69

4. Labeling Rationale ............................... 70

V. ACTIONS REQUIRED BY REGISTRANTS ....................... 74

A. Manufacturing-Use Products ............................. 74

1. Additional Generic Data Requirements .................. 74

2. Labelling Requirements for Manufacturing-Use Products ..... 74

B. End-Use Products .................................... 75

1. Additional Product-Specific Data Requirements ............ 75

2. Labeling Requirements for End-Use Products ............. 75

C. Spray Drift Label Advisory .............................. 80

D. Labeling for Endangered Species .......................... 83

E. Existing Stocks ...................................... 83

VI. APPENDICES ............................................ 85

APPENDIX A. Table of Use Patterns Subject to Reregistration .......... 87

APPENDIX B. Table of the Generic Data Requirements and Studies Used to

Make the Reregistration Decision ......................... 143

APPENDIX C. Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting the

Reregistration of Diquat Dibromide ....................... 155

APPENDIX D. List of Available Related Documents ................ 173

APPENDIX E. .......................................... 177

PR Notice 86-5 ..................................... 179

PR Notice 91-2 ..................................... 201

APPENDIX F. Combined Generic and Product Specific Data Call-In ..... 207

Attachment 1. Chemical Status Sheets ...................... 227

Attachment 2. Combined Generic and Product Specific Data Call-In

Response Forms (Form A inserts) Plus Instructions ........ 231

Attachment 3. Generic and Product Specific Requirement Status and

Registrant's Response Forms (Form B inserts) and Instructions

........................................... 237

Attachment 4. EPA Batching of End-Use Products for Meeting Data

Requirements for Reregistration ..................... 245

Attachment 5. EPA Acceptance Criteria .................... 251
Attachment 6. List of All Registrants Sent This Data Call-In (insert) Notice

........................................... 265

Attachment 7. Cost Share, Data Compensation Forms, Confidential

Statement of Formula Form and Instructions ............ 267

APPENDIX G. FACT SHEET ................................ 277
i

DIQUAT DIBROMIDE REREGISTRATION ELIGIBILITY DECISION TEAM

Office of Pesticide Programs:

Biological and Economic Analysis Division

Phyllis Johnson Labeling Use Information System

George W. Keitt Biological Analysis Branch

Eric Maurer Economic Analysis Branch

Environmental Fate and Effects Division

Mike Davy Ecological Effects Branch

Laura Parsons Environmental Fate and Groundwater Branch

Sharlene Matten Science Analysis and Coordination Staff

Health Effects Division

Arliene Aikens Risk Characterization and Analysis Branch

Krystyna K. Locke Toxicology Branch I

Jeff Evans Occupational and Residential Exposure Branch

Felecia F. Fort Reregistration Support Chemistry Branch

Registration Division

Joanne Miller Fungicide-Herbicide Branch

Dan Kenny Fungicide-Herbicide Branch

Van Seabaugh Registration Support Branch

Special Review and Reregistration Division

Kylie Rothwell Reregistration Branch

Linda Propst Reregistration Branch
ii
GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

iii

AE Acid Equivalent

a.i. Active Ingredient

ADI Acceptable Daily Intake. A now defunct term for reference dose (RfD).

ARC Anticipated Residue Contribution 

CAS Chemical Abstracts Service

CI Cation

CNS Central Nervous System

CSF Confidential Statement of Formula

DFR Dislodgeable Foliar Residue

DRES Dietary Risk Evaluation System

DWEL Drinking Water Equivalent Level (DWEL) The DWEL represents a medium specific (i.e. drinking

water) lifetime exposure at which adverse, non carcinogenic health effects are not anticipated to occur.

EEC Estimated Environmental Concentration. The estimated pesticide concentration in an environment, such

as a terrestrial ecosystem.

EP End-Use Product

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

FDA Food and Drug Administration

FIFRA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act

FFDCA Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act

GLC Gas Liquid Chromatography

GM Geometric Mean

GRAS Generally Recognized as Safe as Designated by FDA

HA Health Advisory (HA) The HA values are used as informal guidance to municipalities and other

organizations when emergency spills or contamination situations occur.

HDT Highest Dose Tested

LC50 Median Lethal Concentration. A statistically derived concentration of a substance that can be expected to

cause death in 50% of test animals. It is usually expressed as the weight of substance per weight or

volume of water, air or feed, e.g., mg/L, mg/kg or ppm.

LD Median Lethal Dose. A statistically derived single dose that can be expected to cause death in 50% of the 50

test animals when administered by the route indicated (oral, dermal, inhalation). It is expressed as a

weight of substance per unit weight of animal, e.g., mg/kg.

LD Lethal Dose-low. Lowest Dose at which lethality occurs lo

LEL Lowest Effect Level

LOC Level of Concern

LOD Limit of Detection 

LOEL Lowest Observed Effect Level

MATC Maximum Acceptable Toxicant Concentration

MCLG Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) The MCLG is used by the Agency to regulate

contaminants in drinking water under the Safe Drinking Water Act.

μg/g Micrograms Per Gram

mg/L Milligrams Per Liter

MP Manufacturing-Use Product

MPI Maximum Permissible Intake

MOE Margin of Exposure 

NOEC No effect concentration

MRID Master Record Identification (number). EPA's system of recording and tracking studies submitted.

N/A Not Applicable

NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

NOEL No Observed Effect Level

OP Organophosphate
GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

iv

OPP Office of Pesticide Programs

PADI Provisional Acceptable Daily Intake

PAG Pesticide Assessment Guideline

PAM Pesticide Analytical Method

PHED Pesticide Handler's Exposure Data 

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

ppb Parts Per Billion

ppm Parts Per Million

PRN Pesticide Registration Notice

Q The Carcinogenic Potential of a Compound, Quantified by the EPA's Cancer Risk Model *

1

RBC Red Blood Cell

RED Reregistration Eligibility Decision

REI Restricted Entry Interval

RfD Reference Dose

RS Registration Standard

SLN Special Local Need (Registrations Under Section 24 (c) of FIFRA)

TC Toxic Concentration. The concentration at which a substance produces a toxic effect. 

TD Toxic Dose. The dose at which a substance produces a toxic effect.

TEP Typical End-Use Product

TGAI Technical Grade Active Ingredient

TLC Thin Layer Chromatography

TMRC Theoretical Maximum Residue Contribution

torr A unit of pressure needed to support a column of mercury 1 mm high under standard conditions.

WP Wettable Powder

WPS Worker Protection Standard
v

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Reregistration Decision

This Reregistration Eligibility Decision document (RED) addresses the reregistration

eligibility of the pesticide diquat dibromide.

Diquat dibromide is a non-selective contact herbicide, desiccant and plant growth

regulator for use as a general herbicide for control of broadleaf and grassy weeds in terrestrial

non-crop and aquatic areas; as a desiccant in seed crops and potatoes; and for tassel control

and spot weed control in sugarcane. When used as a dessicant, diquat can be applied by

aircraft or ground equipment. In aquatic sites, diquat may be injected below the water surface

for submerged weeds, or sprayed for weed control along the edges of aquatic sites.

Applications in crop areas are made 5 days to two weeks before harvest. Diquat is used for

aquatic, indoor, greenhouse, and terrestrial food crops; aquatic non-food industrial, outdoor,

greenhouse and residential; terrestrial feed crops, and outdoor residential uses. Additional use

pattern information is described in the Profile section.

Based on the reviews of environmental fate, residue chemistry, toxicology, and

ecological effects data of the active ingredient diquat dibromide, the Agency has determined

that the uses of diquat dibromide as currently registered will not cause unreasonable risk to

humans or the environment. All currently registered uses are eligible for reregistration. The

Agency however is requiring additional terrestrial plant studies and an independent laboratory

validation of enforcement methods for plant and animal commodities. 

Health Effects

Diquat dibromide is classified as Toxicity Category II for acute dermal toxicity and

primary eye irritation; Category III for acute oral and acute inhalation toxicity; and Category

IV for dermal irritation. Diquat dibromide is not a skin sensitizer.

Diquat dibromide is classified as a Group E carcinogen (evidence of noncarcinogenicity for humans) based on a lack of evidence in acceptable animal studies. The

Reference Dose (Rfd) was determined to be 0.005 mg/kg/day, expressed as diquat cation,

based on the chronic toxicity study in dogs with a NOEL of 0.5 mg/kg/day, with an

uncertainty factor (UF)/safety factor(SF) of 100. 

The registrant has proposed revised tolerances for soybeans, soybean hulls, alfalfa and

clover seed, sorghum grain, fish and shellfish, leafy and fruity vegetables, avocados,

cottonseed, hops and sugarcane, meat, milk and eggs. Furthermore, the registrant will submit

a label amendment request for the establishment of a preharvest interval (PHI) of 3 days for

alfalfa and clover seed.
vi

Occupational Safety

The Agency is concerned with the potential for postapplication/reentry exposure to

workers outside the scope of the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) occupational uses to

employees. In order to reduce the postapplication/exposure risks, the Agency is establishing a

4-day entry restriction to non-crop areas (other than aquatic sites) for non-WPS uses. For

occupational uses(WPS uses), the Agency requires a 7-day interim restricted entry interval

(REI). In addition, product use is limited to registered spot treatment for residential use. The

Agency is also concerned about post-application exposure to homeowners and is requiring a

product label requesting people and pets not to touch treated plants until the sprays have dried.

The registrant has proposed new enforcement methods for plant and animal

commodities. Both methods have been validated by the registrant, however, an independent

laboratory validation must be conducted followed by Agency validation.

There is an exposure potential for mixers, loaders, applicators or other handlers

during ordinary use, therefore the Agency requires closed mixing/loading of diquat liquid

formulations for aerial applications.

Environmental Fate and Ecological Effects

 Diquat dibromide is immobile (binds irreversibly to the soil), is persistent, and will

accumulate in soil. Diquat dibromide exceeds the levels of concern (LOCs) for acute and

chronic effects to aquatic and estuarine organisms: however these effects are likely to be

minimal in actual practice because diquat dibromide tends to bind rapidly to suspended matter

in the water column and becomes biologically unavailable. Diquat dibromide exceeds the

levels of concern for chronic effects to birds and terrestrial mammals. The registrant has not

presented risk mitigation measures to reduce the chronic risk to birds.

The Agency is requiring additional ecological effects data, which include terrestrial

and aquatic plant studies needed to complete the risk assessment for diquat dibromide. The

registrant has submitted an aquatic plant study which is currently in review.

Before reregistering the products containing diquat dibromide, the Agency is requiring

that product specific data, revised Confidential Statements of Formula (CSF) and revised

labeling be submitted within eight months of the issuance of this document. These data include

product chemistry for each registration and acute toxicity testing. After reviewing these data

and any revised labels and finding them acceptable in accordance with Section 3(c)(5) of

FIFRA, the Agency will reregister a product. Those products which contain other active

ingredients will be eligible for reregistration only when the other active ingredients are

determined to be eligible for reregistration.
1

I. INTRODUCTION

In 1988, the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) was

amended to accelerate the reregistration of products with active ingredients registered prior to

November 1, 1984. The amended Act provides a schedule for the reregistration process to be

completed in nine years. There are five phases to the reregistration process. The first four

phases of the process focus on identification of data requirements to support the reregistration

of an active ingredient and the generation and submission of data to fulfill the requirements.

The fifth phase is a review by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (referred to as "the

Agency") of all data submitted to support reregistration.

FIFRA Section 4(g)(2)(A) states that in Phase 5 "the Administrator shall determine

whether pesticides containing such active ingredient are eligible for reregistration" before

calling in data on products and either reregistering products or taking "other appropriate

regulatory action." Thus, reregistration involves a thorough review of the scientific data base

underlying a pesticide's registration. The purpose of the Agency's review is to reassess the

potential hazards arising from the currently registered uses of the pesticide; to determine the

need for additional data on health and environmental effects; and to determine whether the

pesticide meets the "no unreasonable adverse effects" criterion of FIFRA.

This document presents the Agency's decision regarding the reregistration eligibility

of the registered uses of diquat dibromide. The document consists of six sections. Section I is

the introduction. Section II describes diquat dibromide, its uses, data requirements and

regulatory history. Section III discusses the human health and environmental assessment based

on the data available to the Agency. Section IV presents the reregistration decision for diquat

dibromide. Section V discusses the reregistration requirements for diquat dibromide. Finally,

Section VI is the Appendices which support this Reregistration Eligibility Decision. Additional

details concerning the Agency's review of applicable data are available on request.
2

II. CASE OVERVIEW

A. Chemical Overview

The following active ingredient is covered by this Reregistration

Eligibility Decision:

Common Name: diquat dibromide

Chemical Name: 6,7-dihydrodipyrido(1,2-a:2',1'-c)pyrazinediium

dibromide

Chemical Family: Bipyridylium, dipyridylium

CAS Registry Number: 85-00-7

OPP Chemical Code: 032201

Empirical Formula: C12H12Br2N2

Trade and Other Names: Reglone, Weedkiller Conc. D, Aquacide,

Dextrone, FB 2, Reglox, Weedtrine D,

Reward

Basic Manufacturer: Zeneca Ag Products

B. Use Profile

The following is information on the currently registered uses with an

overview of use sites and application methods. A detailed table of these uses of diquat

dibromide is in Appendix A.

For Diquat Dibromide:

Type of Pesticide: algicide, defoliant, desiccant, herbicide
3

Use Groups and Sites: 

AQUATIC FOOD CROP

Agricultural drainage systems, irrigation systems, lakes/ponds/reservoirs (with human or

wildlife use)

AQUATIC NON-FOOD INDUSTRIAL

Drainage systems, lakes/ponds/reservoirs (without human or wildlife use) 

AQUATIC NON-FOOD OUTDOOR

Aquatic areas/water, intermittently flooded areas/water, streams/rivers/channeled water 

AQUATIC NON-FOOD RESIDENTIAL

Ornamental ponds/aquaria

GREENHOUSE FOOD CROP

Greenhouse-in use

INDOOR FOOD

Storage areas-empty and full

INDOOR NON-FOOD

Greenhouse-empty 

OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Residential lawns, household/domestic dwellings outdoor premises

TERRESTRIAL FEED CROP

Alfalfa, bermudagrass, clover

TERRESTRIAL FOOD CROP

Carrot (including tops), cucumber, melons (cantaloupe), melons (water), pepper, radish,

squash (all or unspecified), turnip

TERRESTRIAL FOOD+FEED CROP

Potato (white/irish), sorghum, soybeans (unspecified), tomato

TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Agricultural fallow/idleland, agricultural/farm structures/buildings and equipment, agricultural

rights-of-way/fencerows/hedgerows, agricultural uncultivated areas, airports/landing fields,

commercial/industrial lawns, commercial/institutional/industrial premises/equipment

(outdoor), golf course turf, industrial areas (outdoor), nonagricultural outdoor

buildings/structures, nonagricultural rights-of-way/fencerows/hedgerows, nonagricultural
4

uncultivated areas/soils, nonagricultural uncultivated soil sterilization, ornamental and/or

shade trees, ornamental woody shrubs and vines, recreation area lawns, recreation areas

TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

commercial/institutional/industrial premises/equipment (outdoor), fencerows/hedgerows,

ornamental and/or shade trees, nonagricultural outdoor buildings/structures, nonagricultural

rights-of-way/fencerows/hedgerows, nonagricultural uncultivated soil sterilization, ornamental

herbaceous plants, ornamental lawns and turf, ornamental flowering plants, ornamental woody

shrubs and vines, paths/patios, paved areas (private roads/sidewalks) 

Target Pests: algae: pithophora, spirogyra; weeds: bladderwort, crabgrass, elodea,

jimsonweed, leafy spurge, naiad, poison ivy, salvinia, shepherdspurse, waterlettuce;

desiccant/defoliant of seed crops: alfalfa, carrot (including tops), clover, potato (white/irish),

radish, sorghum, turnip

Formulation Types Registered:

 

Single active ingredient

Liquid-Ready to Use--0.0940 to 0.2300% diquat

Soluble Concentrate/Liquid--0.1900 to 37.45% diquat

Manufacturing Use--35.3 to 37.45% diquat

Multiple active ingredient

Liquid-Ready to Use--0.1540% diquat + 1 other AI

Method and Rates of Application:

Soluble Concentrate/Liquid

For desiccation of seed crop, apply by ground or aircraft at 0.5 lb diquat cation (CI) per acre,

or apply to tomatoes at post-final harvest as a spray at .375 lb (CI) in FL, GA and PR; or for

golf course treatment, apply as needed with sprayer at 0.008 to 1.0 lb (CI), or for prerenovation apply as a desiccation ground application at 1 lb (CI); or apply when needed as

water subsurface treatment by injection or by boat at 4 lb (CI) per acre, or up to 4.2 lb (CI)

per acre foot.

Liquid-Ready to Use

Apply to household/domestic dwellings, outdoor premises or nonagricultural outdoor

buildings/structures as edging or spot treatment - or apply to woody shrubs and vines,

paths/patios, and paved areas (private roads/sidewalks as directed spray, edging or spot

treatment) - when needed with sprayer at .05 lb (CI)/1000 square feet: or apply to ornamental

woody shrubs and vines with hand held or mehanical sprayer as a spray when needed at .02

lb (CI)/1000 square feet.

 
5

Use Practice Limitations:

(Please refer to Appendix A for a list of use limitations.)

C. Estimated Usage of Pesticide

This section summarizes the best estimates available for the pesticide uses of diquat

dibromide. These estimates are derived from a variety of published and proprietary sources

available to the Agency. The data, reported on an aggregate and site (crop) basis, reflect

annual fluctuations in use patterns as well as the variability in using data from various

information sources.

The table below summarizes the pesticide use by site. 

 Percent of Various U.S. Crops Treated Annually with Diquat Dibromide, 1990 - 1992

Site/1 Acres Grown/2

(000)

Acre Treatments/3 Percent Crop Pounds

(000) Treated a.i./ac

low - high low - high low -high

Alfalfa 25,048 25 - 105 <1 -<1 15 - 60

Cantaloupe 131 1 - <5 1 - <5 1 - <5

Clover 146 2 - <5 1 - <5 2 - <5

Cucumber 132 1 - <5 1 - <5 1 - 1

Ornamentals 597 50 - 75 8 - 13 45 - 55

Pepper 93 10 - 15 11 - 16 1 - <5

Potato 1,378 300 - 500 22 - 36 175 - 275

Sorghum 11,625 5 - 10 <1 - <1 1 - 5

Tomato 475 5 - 23 1 - 5 4 - 15

Watermelon 251 1 - 5 <1 - 2 1 - <5

Other/4 N/A N/A - N/A N/A 150 - 250

TOTAL 400 - 748 396 - 681

/1 - Site identification based on REFS.

/2 - Based on USDA/NASS publications from 1990 - 1993.

/3 - Acre treatments represent the number of acres treated times the number of applications.

/4 - Includes home and garden, non-crop, and aquatic uses; acre treatments are difficult to quantify because of spot

treatments.

There are no known site specific usage data available for turnip.

There is no known usage on carrots, radishes, soybeans, squash, and sugarcane.

Data based on proprietary sources, USDA, Zeneca Ag, Inc., and state statistics.
N

+

N

+

2Br

-

6

D. Data Requirements

Data requested in the June 1986 Registration Standard for diquat dibromide include

studies on product chemistry, ecological effects, health effects, environmental fate, toxicology,

and residue chemistry. These data were required to support the uses listed in the Registration

Standard. In 1991, the Data Call-In (DCI) notice required toxicology, ecological effects,

environmental fate and residue chemistry studies. Appendix B includes all data requirements

identified by the Agency for currently registered uses needed to support reregistration.

E. Regulatory History

 Diquat dibromide is the accepted common name for 6,7-dihydrodipyrido

(1,2-a:2',1'-c) pyrazinediium dibromide. It is manufactured by Zeneca, Inc. and is marketed

under the trade name Diquat. Currently, there are forty-three active products containing diquat

dibromide which are registered under Section 3 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and

Rodenticide Act. 

 In June, 1986, EPA issued a Registration Standard for products containing diquat

dibromide as an active ingredient (NTIS# PB87-105490). A Pesticide Fact Sheet for diquat

dibromide was issued in June, 1987 (NTIS# PB92-126986). These documents provide a

summary and the rationale of the regulatory position for diquat dibromide.

III. SCIENCE ASSESSMENT

A. Physical Chemistry Assessment

1. Identification of the Active Ingredient

Diquat dibromide [6,7-dihydrodipyrido(1,2-a:2',1'-c)pyrazinediium dibromide] is a

non-selective contact herbicide, desiccant, and plant growth regulator. Pure diquat dibromide

is an odorless yellow solid with a melting point of ca. 300 C. Diquat dibromide is very

soluble in water (700 g/L at 20 C), slightly soluble in alcohol and hydroxylic solvents, and

practically insoluble in non-polar organic solvents. Diquat dibromide decomposes under basic

conditions and is susceptible to ultraviolet decomposition. The molecular structure of diquat

dibromide is:

Empirical Formula: C12H12Br2N2

Molecular Weight: 344.0

CAS Registry No.: 85-00-7

Shaughnessy No.: 032201
7

There are four EPA manufacturing use product (MPs) registrations for diquat dibromide (Reg.

No(s): 10182-378 (37.45% ai); 10182-354 (37.45% ai); 10182-355 (35.3% ai) and 10182-376

(35.3% ai). None of the physical/chemical data requirements are satisfied for EPA Reg. No.

10182-355 or EPA Reg. No. 10182-354. The outstanding physical/chemical data

requirements are specified in the data tables (Appendix B). In addition, the registrant must

either certify that the suppliers of starting materials and the manufacturing processes for diquat

dibromide MPs have not changed since the last comprehensive product chemistry review or

submit a complete updated product chemistry data package. 

2. Other Product Chemistry Issues

The manufacture of diquat dibromide may result in the occurrence of ethylene dibromide

(EDB) as a process impurity in final formulations because EDB is a starting material in the

manufacture of diquat dibromide. EDB is considered a carcinogen, and all pesticide uses of

EDB were canceled. Since EDB may remain in diquat dibromide formulations, potential

exposure risks were assessed (Guidance Document, 6/86). The Agency concluded that the

presence of EDB, which may result from the use of diquat dibromide in aquatic and terrestrial

sites, does not pose a significant dietary risk, based on worst case assessments. In addition,

the registrant certified an upper certified limit of 10 ppb for EDB in diquat dibromide, and

demonstrated that EDB does not persist as an impurity in diquat dibromide and will slowly

dissipate over time.

B. Human Health Assessment

1. Toxicology Assessment

The toxicological data base on diquat dibromide is adequate and will

support reregistration eligibility. 
8

a. Acute Toxicity

Acute Toxicity

Test Results Category

Acute Oral LD 0.81 g/kg III 50

(rat) 0.60 g/kg III 1

Acute Dermal LD 262.0 mg/kg II 50

(rabbit) 315.0 mg/kg II 2

288.5 mg/kg + II

Acute Inhalation LC 0.80 mg/L III 50

(rat) 1.09 mg/L III 3

0.97 mg/L + III

Eye Irritation Slight to severe II

(rabbit) * irritation 4

Dermal Irritation Slight IV

(rabbit) * irritation 5

Skin Sensitization Negative N/A

(guinea pig) *6

7

 MRID No. 00081506 MRID No. 00107903 1 5

 MRID No. 00100614 MRID No. 00155475 2 6

 Acc. No. 26385 Not Applicable 3 7

 MRID No. 00081507 4

* Note: Data pertaining to acute eye irritation, dermal irritation and dermal sensitization are not required to support the reregistration of the TGAI.

These data are presented for informational purposes.

The above LD and LC values are expressed in terms of the test material and not, as 50 50

is commonly done with diquat, in terms of the diquat cation.

With the exception of the dermal sensitization study which was conducted with the

technical diquat (Diquat Herbicide Concentrate), the above studies were conducted with the

end-use products, Diquat Water Weed Killer (studies 1, 2, 3 and 5) and Diquat 2 Spray (study

4). Because the only difference between the technical diquat and the end-use products is

2.15% of water, studies with the end-use products have been accepted to satisfy the generic

data requirements for acute studies.

b. Subchronic Toxicity

In a repeated dose dermal toxicity study, male and female rabbits (strain not specified),

3/sex/group, were exposed (intact skin) to technical diquat dibromide for 20 consecutive days. 

The dose levels used, expressed as diquat cation, were 0, 20, 40, 80 or 160 mg/kg/day. The

effects at the site of application included erythema and scabbing. Systemic effects were

reported only at dose levels above 20 mg/kg/day. These effects included loss of weight,

unsteadiness, muscular weakness and inability to stand. Pathological changes associated with

the test material included distal convoluted renal tubules with cell necrosis (thought to be

associated with an electrolyte imbalance). Based on these findings, the NOEL and LOEL for

systemic toxicity, for both sexes, are 20 mg diquat cation/kg/day and 40 mg diquat

cation/kg/day, respectively. Because hematology, clinical chemistry and urinalysis were not

determined, this study was classified as supplementary data. However, this study provided
9

useful information "to indicate that diquat dibromide is toxic via repeated dermal exposure." 

(MRID 00140576) 

 

In a repeated dose dermal toxicity study, male and female Spraque-Dawley rats,

6/sex/group, were exposed (intact skin) to technical diquat dibromide for 3 weeks (6

hours/day, 7 days/ week). The dose levels used, expressed as diquat cation, were 0, 5, 20, 40

or 80 mg/kg of body weight/day and were based on the results of two preliminary studies. 

Treatment-related effects included high mortality in the 40 mg/kg female group (67%) and in

the 80 mg/kg male (83%) and female (100%) groups; decreased weight gain for the 80 mg/kg

males and females; decreased food consumption, for the 80 mg/kg males (11-36%) and

females (3-41%); hypothermia, hypoactivity, dyspnea, cyanosis, pale extremities, general

poor condition and an emaciated appearance, all in the nonsurvivors; dermal irritation

(erythema, edema, atonia and desquamation) and tissue destruction (necrosis and eschar

formation) at the application site, at all dose levels, sores, severe erythema, fissures, acute

necrotizing purulent dermatitis, and degeneration of hair follicles and sebaceous glands, all at

the application site in the 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg male and female groups; and congestion in the

lungs, liver and kidneys, mostly in the nonsurvivors from the 40 and 80 mg/kg male and

female groups. Based on the above findings, the NOEL and LOEL for systemic toxicity, for

both sexes, are 5 mg diquat cation/kg/day and 20 mg diquat cation/kg/day, respectively. The

NOEL for dermal toxicity, for both sexes, is < 5 mg diquat cation /kg/day (LDT). (MRID

40308101)

 

In a repeated dose inhalation toxicity study, groups of 10 male and 10 female Fischer

344 rats were exposed (whole body) to respirable aerosols of Diquat Concentrate (technical

diquat) for 3 weeks (6 hours/day, 5 days/week). The exposure concentrations (analytical)

were 0, 0.49, 1.1 or 3.8 ug/L, expressed as diquat cation, and were based on the results of a

preliminary inhalation study. A satellite group of the control and high-dose males and females

was treated similarly and then observed for 3 weeks for reversibility of toxic effects. The

average mass median aerodynamic diameter of the aerosols was 1.9, 1.7 and 1.7 um in the

low- mid- and high-concentrations groups, respectively. Because whole animals were exposed

to diquat, the animals, including controls, were rinsed with tap water for about 5 seconds and

blotted dry after each exposure before they were returned to their cages in the housing area.

The purpose of the rinse was to remove diquat which had deposited on the animals' fur and to 

minimize any oral exposure to diquat which could occur from grooming. Treatment-related

effects, observed at the lowest concentration of diquat cation tested (0.49 ug/L), included

significant (p<0.01) increases in the mean lung weight (18%), and the lung/body weight

(18%) and the lung/brain weight (19%) ratios for the male rats; mottling and reddening of the

lungs in the females; and the lung lesions (multi-focal chronic interstitial pneumonia and

alveolar macrophages) in the males and females. All toxic effects, except mottling and

reddening of the lungs, were reversible during the 21-day recovery period (satellite group). 

Considering the above findings, the NOEL for subchronic (21 days) inhalation toxicity is <

0.49 ug/L, expressed as diquat cation (LDT). (MRID 40301701)
10

In a second repeated dose inhalation toxicity study, groups of 10 male and 10 female

Fischer 344 rats were exposed (whole body) to respirable aerosols of Diquat Concentrate

(technical diquat) for 3 weeks (6 hours/day, 5 days/week). The exposure concentrations used

were 0 and 0.1 ug/L, expressed as diquat cation, and the average mass median aerodynamic

diameter of the aerosols was 1.5 um. This study was conducted in the same manner as an

earlier study (MRID 40301701) in which three concentrations of diquat cation were used

(0.49, 1.1 or 3.8 ug/L), but in which the NOEL was not determined. Therefore, in order to

establish the NOEL and LOEL for the 21-day inhalation exposure, both studies should be

considered together. In the current study, the only concentration of diquat cation tested (0.1

ug/L) had no effect on any of the parameters examined. In the earlier study (MRID 

40301701), toxic effects were observed at the lowest concentration of diquat cation tested

(0.49 ug/L). Therefore, for the repeated 21 days inhalation exposure, the NOEL and LOEL

for both sexes are 0.1 ug/L and 0.49 ug/L, respectively, expressed as diquat cation. (MRID

40640801)

c. Chronic Toxicity

A chronic feeding/carcinogenicity study was conducted using Sprague-Dawley rats

which were fed diets containing 0, 5, 15, 75 or 375 ppm of diquat cation for 104 weeks. 

These dose levels were equivalent to 0, 0.19, 0.58, 2.91 or 14.88 mg/kg/day (males) and 0,

0.24, 0.72, 3.64 or 19.44 mg/kg/day (females) of diquat cation (analytical values), and were

based on a 4-week preliminary study. There were 60 rats/sex in each group. The interim

sacrifice (10 rats/sex/group) took place at 52 weeks. With the exception of minimal lens

opacity (cataracts), in 7/52 (13%) male rats and 3/41 (7%) female rats which died or were

sacrificed moribund in the 5 ppm and 15 ppm groups during weeks 79-104, nothing

remarkable was observed in these groups. Treatment-related effects in the 75 ppm group 

were: lens opacity in 4/9 (44%) males and 6/10 (60%) females which were sacrificed at week

52 (interim sacrifice); lens opacity in 19/21 (90%) males and 15/20 (75%) females, and

marked or severe cataracts in 5/21 (14%) males and 7/20 (10%) females which were sacrificed

at the termination of the study; lens opacity in 12/28 (43%) males and 16/30 (53%) females,

and marked or severe cataracts in 4/28 (14%) males which died or were sacrificed during

weeks 53-104; and extralenticular lesions (vitreous adhesions, retinal detachment and

synechia) in 4-6/59 (7-10%) males and 1-3/60 (2-5%) females during the entire study. The

systemic NOEL for both sexes is 15 ppm (0.58 mg/kg/day for males and 0.72 mg/kg/day for

females, expressed as diquat cation); and the systemic LOEL is 75 ppm (2.91 mg/kg/day for

males and 3.64 mg/kg/day for females, expressed as diquat cation). (MRID 00145855),

(MRID 00155474 - amended pages to replace pages 145 and 146 of the original report,

MRID 00145855) and (MRID 40185601 - 4-week preliminary study).

Groups of 4 male and 4 female beagle dogs were administered technical grade diquat

dibromide in the diet for 52 weeks. Male dogs received daily 400 g and females 350 g of the

diquat-containing pellets. The dose levels used were 0, 0.5, 2.5 or 12.5 mg/kg/day, expressed

as diquat cation, and were based on the results of previous toxicity studies with diquat

dibromide (details were not provided). Nothing remarkable was observed in the 0.5 mg/kg
11

male and female groups. Treatment-related effects in the 2.5 mg/kg group included unilateral

cataracts in two females; decreased mean adjusted weight of the adrenals in the males (13.8%;

p<0.05) and decreased mean absolute weight (16.2%; p<0.05) and adjusted weight (16.1%;

p<0.05) of the epididymides in the males. Diquat was not detected in the plasma of dogs from

the 0.5 mg/kg group. In the 2.5 mg/kg group, diquat was detected in the plasma of most dogs

only after feeding (concentrations of diquat cation detected: 21-43 ng/mL in the males and 20-

54 ng/mL in the females). In the 12.5 mg/kg group, diquat was detected in the plasma of

most dogs before and after feeding. The concentrations of diquat cation detected before

feeding were: 21-59 ng/mL in the males and 23-186 ng/mL in the females. The 

concentrations of diquat cation detected after feeding were: 24-153 ng/mL in the males and

44-255 ng/mL in the females. Based on the above findings, systemic NOEL for both sexes is

0.5 mg/kg/day and systemic LOEL is 2.5 mg/kg/day. (MRID 41730301)

d. Carcinogenicity

A chronic feeding/carcinogenicity study was conducted using Sprague-Dawley rats

which were fed diets containing 0, 5, 15, 75 or 375 ppm of diquat cation for 104 weeks. 

These dose levels were equivalent to 0, 0.19, 0.58, 2.91 or 44.88 mg/kg/day (males) and 0,

0.24, 0.72, 3.64 or 19.44 mg/kg/day (females) of diquat cation (analytical values). There

were 60 rats/sex in each group.

The interim sacrifice (10 rats/sex/group) took place at week 52. During the initial

review of this study, there were some concerns about the carcinogenic potential of diquat for

the following reasons: there were statistically significant increases in several tumor types at

single dose level, although dose-related trends were lacking and there were increased

incidences of some rare tumors, but the statistical significance was lacking. The tumor types

in question, all in the male rats, were hepatocellular adenomas/carcinomas; benign/malignant

pheochromocytomas and mixed medullary tumors of the adrenal gland; follicular and

parafollicular cell adenomas/carcinomas of the thyroid; squamous carcinomas of the Zymbal

gland; and osteosarcomas of the bone. However, following an evaluation of the submitted

historical control data, the Agency concluded that diquat was not carcinogenic with respect to

all neoplasms but osteosarcomas. The incidence of osteosarcomas in the 0 (control), 5, 15, 75

and 375 ppm male groups was 0/50, 1/50 (2%), 0/50, 0/50 and 3/49 (6%)*, respectively,

whereas the historical control incidence was 0-2%. Because the historical control incidence

was lower than the observed incidence in this study and because osteosarcomas of the bone

were rare tumors, the decision concerning the carcinogenic potential of diquat was determined

by the Health Effects Division RfD/Peer Review Committee. [* During repeated examination

of the individual histopathology data, only 2/49 (4%) osteosarcomas and not 3/49 (6%) as

reported in the summary tables of the submitted report were found. One rat died during week

96 and another during week 100]. (MRID 00145855), (MRID 00155474 - amended pages to

replace pages 145 and 146 of the original report, MRID 00145855), (MRID 00160673 -

historical control data for neoplastic lesions) and (MRID 40185602 - registrant's comments on

the incidence of osteosarcoma).
12

Groups of CD-1 mice (60/sex/dose) were administered technical diquat dibromide in

the diet for at least 104 weeks. The dose levels used were 0, 30, 100 or 300 ppm, expressed

as diquat cation, and were based on the results from previous feeding studies with the same

strain of mice. These levels, expressed as diquat cation, were equivalent to 0, 3.56, 11.96 or

37.83 mg/kg/day for males and 0, 4.78, 16.03 or 48.27 mg/kg/day for females. Nothing

remarkable was observed in the 30 ppm male and female group. Treatment-related effects in

the 100 ppm group were: increased number of males (25%) with eye discharge; decreased

body weight gains (11-13%; p<0.01) in the males during weeks 93-105; increased kidney

weight, adjusted for body weight, in the males (6%; p<0.01); slight increase in the incidence

of tubular dilatation of the kidneys in the males (3/60) and females (4/60) when compared with

the controls (1/60, males and females); increased incidence of tubular hyaline droplet

formation in the kidneys of the females (10/60; controls: 3/60); and increased incidence of

lymphoid proliferation in the mesenteric lymph node of the females (13/59; controls: 9/60).

Based on the above findings, systemic NOEL (diquat cation) for both sexes is 30 ppm (males:

3.56 mg/kg/day and females: 4.78 mg/kg/day). The systemic LOEL (diquat cation),

therefore, is 100 ppm (males: 11.96 mg/kg/day and females: 16.03 mg/kg/day). Diquat was

not carcinogenic in this study. The number of tumor-bearing mice was the same in the control

and diquat-treated male groups. In the females, there was a reduction in the number of tumorbearing mice in the mid-dose (100 ppm) and high-dose (300 ppm) groups, relative to the

controls. Most of the tumor-bearing mice in each group, including the controls, had single,

malignant and metastatic tumors. (MRID 42219801 - main study) and (MRID 42880701,

42905901, and 42919501 - supplemental data).

 The carcinogenic potential of diquat dibromide was evaluated by the Health Effects

Division Reference Dose (RfD)/Peer Review Committee on March 31, 1994. The Committee

classified diquat dibromide into Group E (evidence of noncarcinogenicity for humans), based

on a lack of evidence of carcinogenicity in acceptable studies with two animal species, rat and

mouse. The dose levels tested in both studies were considered to be adequate for

carcinogenicity testing. This conclusion was based on moderate reduction in body weight gain

in both rats and mice, and on histopathological changes (lens opacity, severe cataracts and

extralenticular lesions) in the eyes of rats. The slight increase in the incidence of

osteosarcoma of the bone in the high-dose male rats above the concurrent and historical

control incidence was regarded as spontaneous rather than diquat-related. This increase 

attained a statistically significant positive trend, but was not statistically significant in the pairwise comparison with the concurrent controls.

e. Developmental Toxicity

A developmental study was conducted in which diquat dibromide was administered to

pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (18-20/ group) in their diets throughout gestation (days 1-20). 

The dose levels used were 0, 125 or 500 ppm, expressed as diquat cation. Based on

calculations from the actual food consumption and body weight data, these values were

equivalent to 0, 8-14 or 32-56 mg of diquat cation/kg/day, respectively. Maternal toxicity was

observed only in the 500 ppm group and included decreases in mean total body weight gain
13

(31%; p<0.01), mean total food consumption (20%; p<0.01) and food efficiency (4%),

when compared with the controls. Developmental toxicity was also observed only in the 500

ppm group and included decreased fetal weight (8%; p<0.01) and instances of various

external, visceral and skeletal alterations. Based on these findings, the NOEL and LOEL for

maternal toxicity are 8-14 mg/kg/day and 32-56 mg/kg/day, respectively. The NOEL and

LOEL for developmental toxicity are also 8-14 mg/kg/day and 32-56 mg/kg/day, respectively. 

Because of various deficiencies in the reporting of this study (no data on the number of

corpora lutea per dam, pregnancy status and preimplantation losses; and no individual data for

maternal, fetal and litter weights, number of implantation, live fetuses, early and late

resorptions, and incidences of external, visceral and skeletal alterations), this study should be

classified as supplementary. However, this study could be used in conjunction with other 

developmental toxicity studies with diquat to support reregistration of the pesticide. 

(Accession No. 224405)

In another recently submitted developmental toxicity study, diquat dibromide was

administered by gavage, in deionized water, to pregnant Wistar-derived rats (23-24/group)

from gestation day 7 through 16. The dose levels used were 0, 4, 12 or 40 mg/kg/day,

expressed as diquat cation. Animals were sacrificed on gestation day 22 and uteri were

examined for live fetuses and intrauterine deaths. The lowest dose (4 mg/kg/day) was

associated with decreased maternal body weight gain (22%; p<0.05) and food consumption

(7%; p<0.05) during the first three days of dosing only, when compared with the controls. 

Treatment-related findings in the high-dose group were: decreases in fetal (9%; p<0.01) and

litter (12%; p<0.05) weights; increased incidence of fetuses with hemorrhagic kidney (5 in 4

litters; p<0.05), compared with none in the control group; partially ossified second sternebra

in 26 fetuses from 6 litters (p<0.01), compared with 2 fetuses in 2 litters in the control

group; partially ossified fifth sternebra in 89 fetuses from 19 litters (p<0.01), compared with

69 fetuses in 19 litters in the control group; unossified ventral tubercle in 26 fetuses from 11

litters (p<0.05), compared with 17 fetuses in 8 litters in the control group; and unossified

centra of the second through fifth cervical vertebrae, as follows (number of fetuses

affected/number of litters involved in the high-dose group versus (vs) those in the controls): 

2nd vertebrae -- 180/23 (p<0.05) vs 162/24; 3rd vertebrae -- 88/18 (p<0.05) vs 39/16; 

4th vertebrae -- 56/17 (p<0.01) vs 21/11; and 5th vertebrae -- 23/10 (p<0.01) vs 12/7. 

Based on the above findings, the NOEL for maternal toxicity is not established and the LOEL

is < 4mg/kg/day, expressed as diquat cation (lowest dose tested). The developmental toxicity

NOEL and LOEL are, respectively, 12 mg/kg/day and 40 mg/kg/day (highest dose tested),

expressed as diquat cation. (MRID 41198902)

Pregnant Dutch rabbits (15-20/group) were treated with diquat dibromide on gestation

days 1 through 28. The test material was administered by gavage at dose levels of 0, 1.25,

2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg/day, expressed as diquat cation. The animals were sacrificed on gestation

day 29 and examined to determine the numbers of implantation sites, resorptions, and live and

dead fetuses. Decreased body weight gain in the 5 mg/kg group was the only maternal

toxicity observed in this study. The food consumption data were not reported. There was no

indication of a dose-related effect of diquat administration on fetal development, but there
14

appeared to be a treatment-related increase in the early resorption rate. Historical control data

were not submitted to determine if the early resorption rate reported for the concurrent control

group was unusually low for the Dutch strain of rabbit. Based on these findings, the NOEL

and LOEL for maternal toxicity are 2.5 mg/kg/day and 5.0 mg/kg/day, respectively,

expressed as diquat cation, but the NOEL for developmental toxicity cannot be clearly

established. Because of the marginal number of pregnancies available for evaluation in this

study (10 or 11 per group) and the reporting deficiencies (no data on the number of corpora

lutea per doe, pregnancy status and preimplantation losses; no individual data, by litter, on the

incidences of external, visceral and skeletal alterations; and no statistical analyses and

historical control data), this study should be classified as supplementary. However, this study

could be used in conjunction with other developmental toxicity studies with diquat to support

reregistration of the pesticide. (MRID 00061635)

In another recently submitted developmental toxicity study, diquat dibromide in

deionized water, was administered by gavage, to pregnant New Zealand white rabbits

(20/group) from gestation day 7 through 19. The dose levels used were 0, 1, 3 or 10

mg/kg/day, expressed as diquat cation. Animals were sacrificed on gestation day 30 and uteri

were examined for live fetuses and intrauterine deaths. Nothing remarkable was observed in

the low-dose (1 mg/kg/day) group. The mid-dose group (3 mg/kg/day) was associated with

decreased maternal body weight gain (229% less than controls; p<0.01) and food

consumption (45% less than controls; p<0.01) which were observed only during the first

three days of dosing. The high-dose group (10 mg/kg/day) showed greater decreases in body

weight gain (343%; p<0.01) and food consumption (74%; p<0.01) than the mid-dose group

during the first three dosing days and the decreases continued throughout the dosing period. 

Developmental effects were observed only in the high-dose group and included an increased

incidence of fetuses with friable livers (14 in 3 litters, p<0.05, compared with 8 in 5 litters

in the control group) and mottled livers (12 in 3 litters, p<0.05, compared with 8 in 6 litters

in the controls). Fetuses from the high-dose group also exhibited poorer ossification as

indicated by higher incidences of minor skeletal alterations, including partially ossified ventral

tubercle of cervical vertebrae (10 fetuses in 5 litters, p<0.01, compared with 1 fetus in 1

litter in the control group); partially ossified sixth sternebra (16 fetuses in 8 litters, p<0.01,

compared with 9 fetuses in 6 litters in the controls); and unossified sixth sternebra (6 fetuses

in 5 litters, p<0.01, compared with zero incidence in the control group). Also, the frequency

of the skeletal variant, 27 presacral vertebrae, was increased in the high-dose group (49

fetuses in 12 litters, p<0.01, compared with 46 fetuses in 14 litters in the controls), but this

increase was within recent historical control incidence. Based on the above findings, the

NOEL and LOEL for maternal toxicity are 1 mg/kg/day and 3 mg/kg/day, respectively,

expressed as diquat cation. The developmental toxicity NOEL and LOEL are, respectively, 3

mg/kg/day and 10 mg/kg/day (highest dose tested), expressed as diquat cation. (MRID

41198901)

A developmental study was conducted in which an aqueous solution of diquat

dibromide was administered by gavage to pregnant Alderley Park strain SPF albino mice (32-

34/group) from gestation day 6 through 15. The dose levels used were 0, 1, 2 or 4
15

mg/kg/day, expressed as diquat cation. Animals were sacrificed on gestation day 17. Nothing

remarkable was observed in the low-dose group. Toxic signs noted in the mid-dose and highdose groups were piloerection, dyspnea, respiratory noise and abnormal posture (hunched or

tail raised), whereas none of these signs were observed in the control group. Relative to the

control value, a decreased body weight gain was also reported for the mid-dose (23%) and

high-dose (29%) group. Excluding the intubation errors, there were no unscheduled deaths in

the control group, but 3/33 (9%) and 5/34 (15%) animals died in the mid-dose and high-dose

groups, respectively. Developmental toxicity was observed only in the high-dose group and

included statistically significant (p<0.05) decreased fetal body weight (12% below the 

control group mean) and increased incidence of overall skeletal alterations (16/23 affected

litters, compared with 9/27 litters in the control group). Based on these findings, the NOEL

and LOEL for maternal toxicity are 1 mg/kg/day and 2 mg/kg/day, respectively, expressed as

diquat cation. The developmental toxicity NOEL and LOEL are, respectively, 2 mg/kg/day

and 4 mg/kg/day (highest dose tested), expressed as diquat cation. (MRID 00061637)

f. Reproductive Toxicity

Wistar-derived rats (30 males and 30 females/group) were fed diets containing diquat

dibromide at dose levels equivalent to 0, 16, 80 or 400/240 ppm of diquat cation. Based on

the commonly used conversion factor of 1 ppm = 0.05 mg/kg for an older rat these levels

were equivalent to 0, 0.8, 4 or 20/12 mg/kg/day, respectively. The Fo high-dose group

received diets containing 400 ppm of diquat cation. Due to adverse effects in the F animals, 1

the dose was reduced from 400 ppm to 240 ppm approximately four weeks after selection. 

The feeding of the test material was started 12 weeks (11 weeks for the F1 generation) before

mating and was continued through the mating, gestation and lactation periods. Parental

toxicity was observed mostly in the high-dose group, in both generations, as increased

incidences of clinical signs (red/brown urine, piloerection, and ulcers on palate and tongue); 

increased incidences of ophthalmoscopic signs (eye opacity, partial or total lenticular cataracts,

and iritis); statistically significant (p<0.01) decreased body weight gains during the

premating (males, 15-40% and females, 10-37%), gestation (20-23%) and lactation (32-80%)

periods; and statistically significant (p<0.05 or 0.01) decreased food consumption during the

premating (males, 7-40% and females, 5-33%), gestation (8-14%) and lactation (16-28%)

periods. The clinical signs were confirmed by gross and microscopic pathology. 

Reproductive toxicity was observed only at the 400/240 ppm level in both generations as

decreased numbers of the live F pups/litter on days 1-22 (15-16% fewer than in the control 1

group; p<0.05); and as decreased body weight gain, on day 22, of the F1 pups (males, 21%

and females, 18%; p<0.05) and of the F2 pups (13%, males and females; p<0.01), when

compared with the respective controls. Based on the above findings, the NOEL and LOEL

for systemic toxicity are 16 ppm (0.8 mg/kg/day) and 80 ppm (4 mg/kg/day), respectively,

expressed as diquat cation. The NOEL and LOEL for reproductive toxicity are 80 ppm (4

mg/kg/day) and 400/240 ppm (20/12 mg/kg/day), respectively, expressed as diquat cation.

(MRID 41531301)
16

g. Mutagenicity

Diquat dibromide was negative for mutagenicity in the following tests: 1 gene

mutation (Ames), 2 structural chromosome aberration (mouse micronucleus and dominant

lethal in mice) and 1 other genotoxic effects (unscheduled DNA synthesis in rat hepatocytes in

vitro). Diquat dibromide was positive in 1 gene mutation test (mouse lymphoma cell assay)

and in 1 chromosome aberration test (human blood lymphocytes, depending on the

concentration of diquat dibromide and the presence or absence of the metabolic activation

system).

 

Technical diquat dibromide was not mutagenic in the Ames test. In two separate

experiments, diquat dibromide (0.01-100 ug/plate) did not induce any significant increase in

the observed numbers of revertant colonies in any of the five strains of Salmonella

typhimurium (TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98 and TA100) and one strain of Escherichia

coli (WP2uvrA pKM 101) used, with or without the metabolic activation system (rat liver

postmitochondrial fraction, S9, plus cofactors). An appropriate positive control was used with

each strain. This study satisfies guideline requirements for genetic effects Category I, Gene

Mutations. (MRID 40323103)

 

Technical diquat dibromide was mutagenic in the mouse lymphoma cell assay. It

induced forward mutation in the L5178Y mouse lymphoma cell line as monitored by cell

growth in the presence of trifluorothymidine (TFT), with and without the metabolic activation

system (S9 mix). Positive results were obtained with known mutagens, Nnitrosodimethylamine (DMN) requiring metabolic activation and ethylmethanesulphonate

(EMS) not requiring activation. Concentration-dependent cytotoxicity was observed at all

levels tested with and without the S9 mix. Mouse lymphoma cells L5178Y were exposed to

diquat dibromide (6.25-100 ug/mL and 3.12-50 ug/mL without and with the S9 mix,

respectively) for 2 hours, centrifuged, washed, and a sample was examined for survival 

(cytotoxicity). The remaining cells were maintained in exponential growth for 72 hours and

then were grown in the presence of TFT. Negative (solvent) and positive controls were

treated in the same manner. This study satisfies guideline requirements for genetic effects

Category I, Gene Mutations. (MRID 40323101)

 

Technical diquat dibromide, at two levels tested, was not clastogenic in the mouse

micronucleus test. Bone marrow was obtained from the C57Bl/6J/Alpk male and female mice

which were treated with single intragastric doses of diquat dibromide. The dose levels used

were 62.5 mg or 100 mg (expressed as diquat cation)/kg of body weight. These levels were

equivalent to 50% and 80%, respectively, of the Median Lethal Dose (MLD; 125 mg/kg)

determined in a preliminary study. Positive results were obtained with cyclophosphamide, a

known clastogen. Diquat dibromide reached the target organ (bone marrow), as indicated by

the cytotoxicity observed at both doses. This study satisfies guideline requirements for genetic

effects Category II, Structural Chromosome Aberrations. (MRID 40323104)
17

Another chromosomal aberration study was conducted with human blood lymphocytes

obtained from two donors, Donor 1 (male) and Donor 2 (female). Cell cultures of both

donors were exposed to the concentrations of technical diquat dibromide ranging from 2.58 to

258 ug/mL of growth medium, but the following concentrations were selected for analysis of

the cytogenetic potential of the chemical: 12.9, 64.5 or 129 ug/mL for Donor 1 and 12.9,

25.8 or 129 ug/mL for Donor 2. The concentration of 129 ug/mL, with or without the

metabolic activation system (S9), was the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for each donor,

based on a preliminary study in which diquat dibromide concentrations ranging from 2.58 to 

2580 ug/ml (± S9) were tested. MTD was defined as an in vitro exposure level which

reduces mitosis by 50-80%. Diquat dibromide was not clastogenic at concentrations of 12.9

ug/mL (± S9) and 25.8 ug/mL (+ S9), when the treated cultures were compared with the

negative controls. Other concentrations of diquat dibromide tested induced statistically

significant (p<0.05 or 0.01) increases in chromosomal damage (4.5-30% above the control

values, depending on the concentration of diquat and the presence or absence of S9). Positive

results were also obtained with known clastogens, mitomycin C and cyclophosphamide. This

study satisfies guideline requirements for genetic effects Category II, Structural Chromosome

Aberrations. (MRID 40323106)

Technical diquat dibromide, administered by gavage to Charles River CD-1 male mice for 5

consecutive days, did not produce dominant lethal effects at any of the levels tested. The

levels of diquat used were 0, 0.1, 1.0 or 10 mg/kg, expressed as diquat cation. Positive

controls used were ethylmethanesulphonate (EMS; 100 mg/kg, administered by gavage for 5

consecutive days) or cyclophosphamide (Endoxana; 200 mg/kg given once intraperitoneally

one day before mating). This study satisfies guideline requirements for genetic effects

Category II, Structural Chromosome Aberrations. (MRID 00061636)

Technical diquat dibromide at dose levels of 225, 450 or 900 mg/kg of body weight did

not induce unscheduled DNA synthesis in rat hepatocytes exposed in vitro. Unscheduled DNA

synthesis was induced under the same conditions by 6-p-dimethylaminophenylazo-benzthiazole

(6BT), the positive control, tested at 40 mg/kg of body weight. The selection of dose levels

was governed by the need to evaluate diquat at adequate concentrations and that these levels

should not induce toxicity in the hepatocytes. Although hepatocytes from animals in each

group treated with diquat dibromide showed signs of toxicity, as evidenced by pyknotic and

deeply stained nuclei, sufficient cells of normal morphology were available at each dose level

to be examined for unscheduled DNA synthesis. This study satisfies guideline requirements

for genetic effects Category III, Other Genotoxic Effects. (MRID 40323107)

h. Metabolism

Rats were dosed orally with [ C]-diquat dibromide and their urine and feces were 14

quantitated for radioactivity at selected time intervals following dose administration. About

90% of the radioactivity was eliminated in feces, indicating that diquat was poorly absorbed

from the gastrointestinal tract. Following a subcutaneous injection of [ C]-diquat to 14
18

circumvent the intestine, nearly all of the labeled material was recovered in the urine within 2

days. (MRID 00055107)

Diquat dibromide was slowly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract of male and

female rats. Irrespective of the type of dosing (oral or intravenous), diquat did not accumulate

in tissues of rats or mice. Following a single oral dose of [ C]-diquat dibromide (60 mg/kg, 14

expressed as diquat cation), only 5.5% of the administered radioactivity was excreted in the

urine of rats within 7 days. Following an oral feeding of unlabeled diquat dibromide (250

ppm, expressed as diquat cation) to male and female rats for 2, 4 or 8 weeks, there was no

retention of diquat (as determined colorimetrically) in the brain, liver, lung, stomach, small

and large intestines, muscle and blood, and little retention in the kidneys (0.18, 0.25 and 1.17

ppm during weeks 2, 4 and 8, respectively). Ten minutes after an intravenous injection of

[ C]-diquat dibromide (60 mg/ kg, expressed diquat cation), there were indications (whole 14

body autoradiography), that diquat concentrated in the cartilaginous tissues, the liver and the

urinary bladder. Most of other tissues also showed the presence of radioactivity, including

small amounts in the brain and spinal cord. After 1 hour, the amounts of radioactivity

declined in most tissues. After 24 hours, radioactivity was detected only in the urinary

bladder, and in the small and large intestines. There was still some radioactivity in the

intestines, but none in the bladder, at 72 hours after dosing. (MRID 00065592)

Rats were dosed with [ C]-diquat dibromide (doses were not specified in the review) 14

either by stomach tube or by subcutaneous injection and their urine and feces were monitored

at 24-hour intervals for 4 days. Following oral administration of [ C]-diquat, the rats 14

excreted 6.3% and 89.3% of the administered radioactivity in the urine and feces,

respectively, within 4 days. Most of this radioactivity was excreted during the first 48 hours. 

In the urine, most of the excreted radioactivity (5.3%) was unchanged diquat, whereas the

remaining 1% was associated with the following metabolites: diquat monopyridone (0.2%),

diquat dipyridone (0.1%) and unidentified metabolites (0.3). In the feces, 65.5% of the

excreted radioactivity was detected in the sulfuric acid-extractable fraction and 15.7% in the

ammonium sulfate-unextractable fraction. In the sulfuric acid fraction, the radioactivity was

distributed as follows: unchanged diquat (57.1%), diquat monopyridone (4.3%) and

unidentified material (4.1%). The ammonium sulfate fraction was not analyzed for

metabolites. Following subcutaneous administration of [ C]-diquat, 87.1% of the dose was 14

recovered in the urine during 4 days, but only 4.8% was recovered in the first 24 hours. Most

of this radioactivity (78.8%) was unchanged diquat. The amount of radioactivity recovered in

feces and the percent distribution of monopyridone and dipyridone in urine and feces, after the

subcutaneous dose, was not reported in the available review. (MRID 00065593)

i. Neurotoxicity

In an acute neurotoxicity study, diquat dibromide (technical grade) was administered in

a single gavage dose to 10 male and 10 female Sprague-Dawley rats at doses of 0, 25, 75 or

150 mg/kg, expressed as diquat cation. These rats were assessed for reactions in functional

observational battery (FOB) and motor activity measurements at 6 hours postdosing and on
19

days 8 and 15. Evidence for neurotoxicity was observed only during the daily clinical

observations. In the 75 mg/kg group, females had an increased incidence of diarrhea (2/10)

and staining of the nose (3/ 10), compared with the controls (0/10). Females in the 150

mg/kg group also had piloerection (7/10), urinary incontinence (3/10), mouth staining (3/10),

upward curvature of the spine (3/10), tip toe gait (3/10), hunched posture (2/10), subdued

behavior (2/10) and sides pinched in (1/10). One female in the 150 mg/kg group, with all of

the above signs, was sacrificed in extremis on study day 6. Males were less affected than

females. The Agency has concluded that symptoms observed in this study may not be due to

direct neurotoxicity. Based on the clinical signs observed in females, the NOEL and LOEL

for the study are 25 mg/kg/day and 75 mg/kg/day, respectively, expressed as diquat cation. 

(MRID 42666801)

In a subchronic neurotoxicity study, diquat dibromide (technical grade) was

administered in the diet to 12 male and 12 female Alpk:APfSD rats for up to 14 weeks, at

dietary levels of 0, 20, 100 or 400 ppm, expressed as diquat cation. These doses were

equivalent to 0, 1.6, 8.0 and 32.4 mg/kg/day (males) and 0, 1.9, 9.5 and 38.5 mg/kg/day

(females), expressed as diquat cation. Of these 12 rats/sex/dose, 5/sex/dose were used for a

neurohistopathological examination at the end of the study. Toxic signs were observed only in

the 400 ppm group, as follows: decreased body weights in males and females (10%;

p<0.01), decreased body weight gains in males (20%; p<0.01) and females (18%; p<0.01),

and high incidence of total cataracts (males, 5/12 and females, 7/12) and posterior opacities of

the lens (males, 8/12 and females, 6/12). In addition, food utilization was decreased in the

400 ppm males, at several intervals (14-17%; p<0.05 or 0.01) and in the females, at weeks

1-4 (19%; p<0.05). Based on the evidence of cataracts and decreased body weight gain and

food utilization in males and females, the NOEL and LOEL for systemic toxicity are 100 ppm

(mg/kg/day: 8.0 for males and 9.5 for females) and 400 ppm (mg/kg/day: 32.4 for males

and 38.5 for females), respectively. No evidence of neurotoxicity was observed in the

functional observational battery, motor activity measurement or neurohistopathology. (MRID

42616101)

j. Other Toxicological Considerations

Dermal Absorption Studies - Application of the aqueous solutions of [ C]-diquat 14

dibromide to the 10 cm shaved areas on the rats' backs resulted in the following absorption 2

after a 24-hour exposure: 2.3, 2.1 or 3.3% for dose levels of 0.05, 0.5 or 5.0 mg diquat

cation/rat, respectively. The unabsorbed diquat was recovered from the application sites. 

Based on these findings, the absorption of diquat through an intact skin was very low. Male

Sprague-Dawley rats, 4 per group, were used in this study. (MRID 41238701)

Diquat dibromide is readily soluble in water and it ionizes in aqueous solutions. Such

compounds can be expected to be absorbed very slowly and in small amounts through the skin.

The very low absorption of diquat through an intact skin, observed in the above in vivo study,

was confirmed in the in vitro studies. In these studies, the absorption of [ C]-diquat 14

dibromide through the human and animal whole skins (dermis and epidermis; 2.54 cm ) was 2
20

studied. In one study, the absorption rate (ug diquat cation/cm /hr) for the human, rat, rabbit, 2

mouse and guinea pig skins was 0.058, 0.231, 0.333, 0.431 and 0.455, respectively. 

According to these data, all skins studied were very poorly permeable to diquat cation, and

human skin was least permeable. Similar results were obtained in other studies in which only

human and rat skins were used. Human abdominal skins were obtained post mortem from

subjects of varying ages, the majority being 60 years old or older. The animal skins were

obtained post mortem from the dorsal area. (MRID 41247201, 41247202, 41247203 and

41247204) 

(1) Reference Dose

The RfD/Peer Review Committee determined the RfD (ADI) to be 0.005 mg/kg/day,

expressed as diquat cation, based on the chronic toxicity study in dogs with a NOEL of 0.5

mg/kg/day, with an uncertainty factor (UF)/safety factor (SF) of 100 (5/12/94). This was

based on unilateral cataracts in females and decreased weight of epididymides and adrenals in

males at 2.5 mg/kg/day. The chronic toxicity study in rats, with a NOEL of 0.58 mg/kg/day,

was identified as a supportive or co-critical study. The uncertainty factor (UF) of 100 was

used in estimating the RfD to account for inter-species extrapolation and intra-species

variability. This RfD (ADI) is consistent with the revised ADI established by the Food and

Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) joint meeting on pesticide

residues (JMPR) in 1993.

2. Exposure Assessment

a. Dietary Exposure

The established tolerances for residues of diquat dibromide in/on raw agricultural

commodities and in animal products are presently expressed in terms of the diquat cation (40

CFR 180.226 (a) and (b)). Tolerance levels of 0.02-0.1 ppm are established for crop

commodities and 0.02 ppm for animal commodities. A food additive tolerance for residues in

potable water is expressed in terms of the diquat cation (40 CFR 185.2500 (a) and (b)), as is a

feed additive tolerance for residues in processed dried potato waste (40 CFR 186.2500). A

food additive tolerance for residues in processed potato (including potato chips) is currently

expressed in terms of diquat per se (40 CFR 185.2500 (c)). Adequate enforcement methods

are available for the determination of diquat dibromide residues in/on plant and in animal

commodities.

Plant Metabolism

The reregistration data requirements for plant metabolism are fulfilled. The qualitative

nature of the residue in plants is adequately understood based on an acceptable potato

metabolism study and a rat bioavailability study. The terminal residue of concern in plants is

diquat per se. The established tolerance expression for residues of diquat dibromide in/on

plant commodities is appropriate and no changes are required.
21

The potato metabolism study indicated that no metabolism of diquat occurred in potato

tubers following preharvest application of [ C]diquat as a desiccant to potato stalks and stems. 14

Soybean and wheat metabolism studies had also been previously submitted but were deemed

marginal because of inadequate characterization and identification of C-residues in the 14

commodities of concern. Attempts to further characterize C-residues from these studies were 14

unsuccessful. In lieu of the requirements for additional crop metabolism studies, the Agency

recommended several options to satisfy reregistration data requirements. The registrant opted

to conduct a bioavailability study. The results of the bioavailability study showed that diquat

plant residues are largely not bioavailable; <5% of the C is absorbed as a result of feeding 14

diquat field residues in/on wheat chaff to rats. The retention of diquat residues in tissues was

negligible ( 0.004 ppm diquat equivalents) following dosing at > 25X the maximum human

dietary intake.

Animal Metabolism

The reregistration requirements for animal metabolism are fulfilled. The qualitative

nature of the residue in animals is adequately understood based on acceptable poultry,

ruminant, and fish metabolism studies. The terminal residue of concern in animals is diquat

per se. The established tolerance expression for residues of diquat dibromide in animal

commodities is appropriate and no changes are required.

In the poultry metabolism study, laying hens were dosed with ring-labeled [ C]diquat 14

at 32 ppm ( 36X the maximum dietary burden for poultry) in the diet for 4 consecutive days. 

The total radioactive residues (TRR; expressed as diquat equivalents) were <0.001 ppm in

egg yolks, 0.004 ppm in egg whites, 0.004 ppm in fat, 0.003 ppm in muscle, 0.042-0.058

ppm in kidney, and 0.030-0.045 ppm in liver. The predominant metabolites identified were

diquat per se which accounted for 48% of TRR in liver, and diquat monopyridone which

accounted for 15.1% of TRR in kidney; diquat dipyridone and TOPPS [1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-

oxo-pyrido(1,2-a)-5-pyrazinium salt] were additional minor ( 6.6% of TRR) metabolites

identified in these poultry tissues. The unidentified radioactive residues were presumed to

have been incorporated into cell constituents. The Agency has determined that diquat

monopyridone is not a residue of toxicological concern.

The metabolism of diquat dibromide in ruminants had been extensively investigated. 

Ethylene bridge-labeled [ C]diquat dibromide was administered at 5 ppm to a Friesian cow 14

and two Guernsey cows using a drenching bottle. One of these Guernsey cows was

additionally dosed with ethylene bridge-labeled [ C]diquat dibromide at 20 ppm by the same 14

method and with bipyridyl-labeled [ C]diquat dibromide at 5 ppm; at least one month was 14

allowed between repeat dosings. A Guernsey bull calf was also administered ethylene

bridge-labeled [ C]diquat dibromide at 8 ppm. The radioactivity levels in milk were found to 14

be dose-related, and were not affected by the radiolabel position. The highest TRR value in

milk was 0.077 ppm and was observed in the 72-hour milk sample from the cow dosed at 20

ppm. In milk samples from the high-dose cow, residues of diquat per se were quantitated at
22

<0.002 ppm (determined by colorimetry, limit of detection not provided), and did not

concentrate in the fat, casein or whey. No residues (<0.01 ppm) were found in the leg

muscle samples from the Friesian cow dosed at 5 ppm. In the bull calf sacrificed 24 hours

after dosing at 8 ppm, the TRR were 1.071 ppm in kidney, 0.033 ppm in liver and <0.04

ppm in other tissues. Residues of diquat per se were 0.03 ppm and <0.01 ppm in the kidney

and liver samples, respectively. In addition to the studies briefly summarized above, other

cow and goat metabolism studies had been submitted but were deemed marginally adequate

because the test animals were preconditioned, were not sacrificed within 24 hours of dosing,

or the radioactive residues in tissues were incompletely characterized. Nonetheless, these

ruminant data confirm that the residue of concern in ruminant milk and tissues is diquat per

se.

In the fish metabolism study, trout and carp were exposed to an initial concentration of

1 ppm of bridge-labeled [ C]diquat in the water for 7 days. The TRR (expressed as diquat 14

equivalents) in carp head and tail, viscera, and body with skin were 0.025-0.077 ppm, 0.135-

0.946 ppm, and 0.013-0.024 ppm, respectively. The TRR in skin and in flesh without skin

were 0.015-0.023 ppm and 0.006-0.016 ppm, respectively. The TRR in trout head, tail, and

flesh were 0.025-0.051 ppm, 0.059-0.239 ppm, and 0.008-0.01 ppm, respectively. 

Approximately 65% of the radioactivity in carp flesh and trout viscera was identified as diquat

per se.

Residue Analytical Methods-Plants and Animals

Enforcement methods: The Pesticide Analytical Manual (PAM) Vol. II. lists a

spectrophotometric method, designated as Method A (also referenced as Chevron Chemical

Company RM-8-7) as available for the enforcement of tolerances for residues of diquat per se

in/on plant and in animal commodities. In this method, residues are extracted with sulfuric

acid to free diquat from the bound state, absorbed on cation exchange resin, and eluted with

saturated ammonium chloride. The diquat in the eluate is reduced by sodium dithionate,

forming an intense green color and is measured spectrophotometrically at 337 m . The limit

of detection is 0.01 ppm.

The registrant has proposed new enforcement methods, RM-5B-1 and RM-5C (replaces

RM-5X-1), for plant and animal commodities, respectively. Both methods involve extraction

of residues by acid hydrolysis, concentration, and cleanup on an ion-exchange column,

reduction with sodium borohydride, selective pH partitioning, and measurement of the diquat

reduction product by gas chromatography using a nitrogen/phosphorus flame ionization

detector. The stated limit of detection is 0.005 ppm for RM-5B-1; the limit of detection for

RM-5C is not clearly specified. Both methods have been adequately validated by the

registrant; however, an independent laboratory validation must be conducted followed by 

validation by the Agency's Analytical Chemistry Section before they can be deemed fully

adequate for enforcement purposes. Once a successful Agency method validation has been

performed, these methods will be sent to FDA for inclusion in PAM Vol. II.
23

Data collection: Residue data submitted for tolerance reassessment were collected using the

current or proposed enforcement methods. The registrant provided adequate method

validation data to verify the suitability of these methods for data collection.

Multiresidue method: The FDA's PESTDATA dated 11/6/90 (Pam Vol. I, Appendix)

indicates that recovery of diquat dibromide using Multiresidue Protocols is unlikely. The

updated PESTDATA dated 08/93 does not have an entry for diquat dibromide.

Storage Stability

The requirements for storage stability data are fulfilled for purposes of reregistration. 

Adequate storage stability data on diquat dibromide are available to support the storage

conditions and intervals of samples from magnitude of the residue studies in plants and

animals. Residues of diquat per se are stable under frozen (-20 C) storage conditions for: (i)

up to six months in/on bell pepper, carrot roots, clover (hay and seed), lettuce, potato, rice

(grain and straw), sorghum grain, soybean, tomato and tomato processed fractions, and wheat

(grain and straw); (ii) up to 8 months in processed fractions of sorghum grain and soybean;

and (iii) up to 2 months in water and seafood samples.

Magnitude of the Residue in Plants

All data for magnitude of the residue in plants have been evaluated and deemed

adequate. All field residue data have been re-evaluated and plant commodity tolerances

reassessed for reregistration purposes.

The registered uses of diquat dibromide on potato for preplant/preemergence or for

preharvest desiccation are supported by acceptable residue field data reflecting maximum label

rates. Sufficient data are available to ascertain that the established tolerance of 0.1 ppm in/on

potato and the feed additive tolerance of 1 ppm for residues in processed potato waste are

adequate. In accordance with Agency evaluation of the available data, a petition to increase

the food additive tolerance of 0.5 ppm for residues in/on processed potato to 1 ppm was

submitted to reflect the higher concentration factor which occurred in processed potatoes from

potato bearing measurable weathered residues in some of the submitted tests. The tolerances

are expressed in terms of potato granules/flakes and potato chips.

The registered uses of diquat dibromide on sorghum and soybean grown for seed as a

preharvest desiccant are supported by adequate field residue data reflecting maximum label

rates. Because there are no established tolerances for residues of diquat in/on sorghum and

soybeans, the registrant has proposed a tolerance on sorghum and has committed to do so for

soybeans. Tolerances of 2.0 ppm and 0.2 ppm appear to be appropriate for sorghum and

soybeans, respectively.
24

The registered uses of diquat dibromide on alfalfa and clover grown for seed as a

preharvest desiccant are supported by acceptable field residue data. The available data

indicate that residues did not exceed 2.4 ppm in/on alfalfa seed and 1.7 ppm in/on clover seed

following tests conducted at label rates. The registrant has proposed tolerances of 5.0 ppm for

residues of diquat dibromide in/on both alfalfa and clover seed. The proposed tolerance level

for alfalfa was too high and a new petition for a lower tolerance levels has been submitted. A

tolerance of 3.0 ppm would be more appropriate for alfalfa seeds. Clover seed are no longer

considered to be a significant food or feed item and, therefore, a tolerance is not required. 

Furthermore, the registrant must propose a true PHI before which seed may not be harvested,

i.e., a label restriction rather than an efficacious interval. Based on the available data, a 3-day

PHI would be appropriate.

The registered uses of diquat dibromide (i) as a preharvest desiccant on carrot, radish,

and turnip grown for seed, and (ii) as a postharvest desiccant on cantaloupe, cucumber,

pepper, squash, tomato, and watermelon are considered to be non-food uses. No residue data

are required and no tolerances are needed. The raw agricultural commodities associated with

these uses are not likely to be consumed by humans or animals.

Since there are no registered uses of diquat dibromide on sugarcane and vetch, field

residue data for these crops are no longer required. The established tolerance for residues

in/on sugarcane will be revoked.

Magnitude of the Residue in Processed Food/Feed

The data for magnitude of the residue in processed food/feed have been evaluated and

deemed adequate to determine the extent to which residues of diquat concentrate in food/feed

items upon processing of raw agricultural commodities. Acceptable potato, soybean, and

sorghum processing studies have been submitted and evaluated.

The potato processing data indicate that residues of diquat concentrated 5x and 12x in

potato chips and dried potato, respectively. A petition has been submitted to increase the

existing food additive tolerance of 0.5 ppm for residues of diquat in processed potato (which

includes dried potato, granules, and chips) to 1 ppm for potato, granules/flakes and potato

chips. Data depicting residues in dried potato processed from potato bearing measurable

residues may be translated to processed potato waste. The established feed additive tolerance

for residues of diquat in processed potato waste has been reassessed and found to be

appropriate.

The soybean processing data indicate that residues of diquat concentrated 2.6x in

soybean hulls processed from soybean bearing detectable residues. No concentration of

residues was observed in other soybean processed fractions. The registrant has committed to

propose a feed additive tolerance for residues of diquat in soybean hulls; a feed additive

tolerance of 0.6 ppm would be appropriate based on a recommended tolerance of 0.2 ppm for

soybean and a concentration factor of 3x in soybean hulls.
25

The sorghum processing data indicate that residues of diquat concentrated 4x in

sorghum dry milling bran fraction processed from sorghum bearing detectable residues. 

According to the revised Table II of Subdivision O's Pesticide Assessment Guidance (PAG),

the only processed commodity entry for sorghum is flour. Residue data are not needed for

flour at this time since sorghum flour is used exclusively in the U.S. as a component of

drywall, and not as either a human or animal feed item. However, because 50% of the

worldwide sorghum production goes toward human consumption, the Agency reserves the

right to require data if needed at a later date.

Magnitude of the Residue in Meat, Milk, Poultry, and Eggs

The reregistration requirements for magnitude of the residue in animals are fulfilled.

There are no registered direct animal treatments for diquat on cattle, goats, hogs, horses,

sheep, or poultry. The residue of concern in animals is diquat per se, and acceptable animal

feeding studies depicting diquat per se have been submitted and evaluated.

The maximum dietary burden for beef and dairy cattle had been calculated previously.

The past dietary burden estimate was based on tolerances of commodities for which tolerances

are no longer established. For reregistration purposes, a new burden estimate, based on

reassessed established/proposed tolerances of feed commodities and revised Table II of

Subdivision O's PAG, is presented below.

Estimate of Maximum Ruminant Dietary Burden for Diquat Dibromide.

Commodity Tolerance % Dry

(ppm) Matter

Beef Cattle Dairy Cattle

% of Diet Burden (ppm) % of Diet Burden (ppm)

Alfalfa seed 3.0 88 25 0.85 25 0.85 a

Potato processed waste 1.0 12 75 6.25 50 4.17

Soybean hulls 0.6 90 -- -- 25 0.17 b

Total 100 7.10 100 5.19

 Recommended tolerance level for alfalfa seed. Recommended tolerance level for soybean hulls. a b

In a cattle feeding study, residues of diquat were non-detectable (<0.003 ppm) in milk

and tissues following feeding of diquat-treated rye grass silage to cattle at 3.6 ppm ( 0.7x and

0.5x the maximum dietary intake for dairy and beef cattle, respectively) for 30 days. In

another study, residues of diquat were non-detectable (<0.01 ppm) in milk following feeding

of diquat-treated clover hay to cattle at 11 ppm ( 2.1x) for 34 days. The established 0.02-

ppm tolerance level for diquat residues in milk is adequate. The established tolerances of 0.02

ppm for diquat residues in the fat, meat, and meat byproducts of cattle, goats, hogs, horses,

and sheep may be raised to 0.05 ppm to achieve compatibility with the Codex maximum

residue limit (MRL).
26

The maximum dietary burden for poultry is 0.881 ppm; the calculation of the poultry

burden is presented below. In a poultry feeding study, residues of diquat were mostly nondetectable (<0.005 ppm) in samples of eggs, fat, muscle, liver, and skin from chickens fed

diquat at 1, 4.3, and 8.2 ppm diquat cation ( 1.1x, 4.9x, and 9.3x, respectively, the estimated

dietary burden) in the diet for 28 days. A single skin sample from the day-21, 8.2 ppm

treatment group bore residues of 0.006 ppm. Residues in gizzard ranged from non-detectable

to 0.022 ppm. The established 0.02-ppm tolerance level for diquat residues in poultry fat,

meat, meat byproducts and eggs may be raised to 0.05 ppm to achieve compatibility with the

Codex maximum residue limit (MRL). 

Estimate of Maximum Poultry Dietary Burden for Diquat Dibromide.

Commodity Tolerance % of Diet Burden (ppm)

Alfalfa seed 3.0 25 0.75 a

Soybean hulls 0.6 20 0.12 b

Cereal grain (e.g., corn) 0.02 55 0.011

Total 100 0.881

 Recommended tolerance level for alfalfa seed. Recommended tolerance level for soybean hulls. a b

Magnitude of the Residue in Potable Water

The Agency no longer establishes tolerances for residues in potable water (47 FR

25746, 12/15/82); the tolerance for diquat dibromide has been replaced with a designated

maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG). An MCLG of 0.02 mg/L for residues of diquat in

potable water has been established (57 FR 31776, 7/17/92).

Magnitude of the Residue in Fish and Shellfish

All data requirements for magnitude of the residue in fish and shellfish have been

evaluated and deemed adequate to reassess the tolerances for diquat; no additional data are

required regarding this topic. The available data indicate that residues of diquat in fish and

shellfish will exceed the established tolerances following tests reflecting the current maximum

registered use patterns. The registrant has submitted a petition requesting tolerances of 2.0

ppm for fish and 20 ppm for shellfish to cover all residues of diquat which may occur as a

result of the currently registered uses.

Magnitude of the Residue in Irrigated Crops

The available data concerning diquat residues following irrigation of bean, blackberry,

carrot, corn (sweet), cowpea, pasture grass, peach, rice, and strawberry are adequate to

support the established 0.02 ppm tolerances for diquat residues in/on all members of the crop

groups containing these commodities. However, the data also indicate that residues in/on

mustard greens and tomato may exceed the tolerances for the respective crop groups. A
27

higher tolerance level of 0.05 ppm for fruiting vegetables and Brassica leafy vegetables has

been proposed by the registrant in accordance with Agency recommendations.

At the Agency's recommendation, the registrant has petitioned to increase tolerances

from 0.02 to 0.1 ppm for residues of diquat in/on the following miscellaneous commodities:

avocado, cottonseed, hops and sugarcane irrigated with water treated with diquat dibromide.

In the absence of adequate supporting data, the Agency translated available data on other

crops. If the registrant desires lower tolerances, data may be submitted specifically for these

miscellaneous commodities.

Confined/Field Rotational Crops

The data requirements for confined rotational crops have been reviewed and deemed

adequate. The requirements for limited and extensive field rotational crop studies have been

waived at this time.

b. Occupational and Residential

Mixers, Loaders, Applicators (Handlers) Exposure

There is an exposure potential for mixers, loaders, applicators, or other handlers

during the ordinary use-patterns associated with diquat. The mixing, loading, and application

methods include open pouring, broadcast (aerial and ground) application and application with

hand-held equipment.

M/L/A Exposure Studies

Requirements for mixer/loader/applicator (i.e., handler) exposure studies are addressed

in Subdivision U of the Pesticide Assessment Guidelines. An assessment of diquat dibromide

dermal and inhalation exposure data was conducted, based on the findings in the Toxicology

Endpoint Selection Document for diquat dibromide.

To assess mixer/loader/applicator (handler) exposure to the adverse effects of diquat,

data provided in the Pesticide Handlers Exposure Database (PHED) were used. The data in

PHED are normalized by pounds of active ingredient handled, and are referred to as unit

exposures. Whenever possible, surrogate unit exposures are chosen from studies having the

same (baseline) PPE required for the active ingredient being evaluated. When label specific

PPE data are not available, existing data points are adjusted using a 50% protection factor

based on the type of PPE. For example hand exposure is reduced by 50 percent, if the

Agency assumes chemical-resistant gloves are worn. The diquat handler assessment assumes

the use of coveralls worn over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants, chemical-resistant gloves

and a respirator as required on product labels.
28

Based on the use patterns and potential exposures described above, ten exposure

scenarios were identified for diquat. Seven scenarios were identified for large scale

applications: (1) open mixing/loading, (2) closed mixing/loading, (3) applying with a groundboom sprayer, (4) applying with a hand-held sprayer, (5) applying aerially, (6) applying to

aquatic sites using direct pouring, and (7) applying to aquatic sites using handguns. Three

scenarios were identified for smaller-scale applications: (1) applying (including mixing and

loading) using backpack equipment, (2) applying (including mixing and loading) using lowpressure handwand equipment, and (3) applying (including mixing and loading) for spot

treatments at residential sites using small, low-pressure spray equipment.

The exposure scenarios are presented in Table 1, which summarizes the caveats and

parameters specific for each exposure scenario. The actual clothing and equipment worn by

persons being monitored in the exposure studies are described. 

In this exposure assessment, the amount of diquat applied and the potential exposure

are estimated based on the cation, not the entire diquat dibromide molecule, with the exception

of the 1983 study by Wojeck, which appears to consider the salt.

These assessments assumed the maximum agricultural use-rate. In non-crop situations,

a higher use-rate is allowed for application on Bermuda grass. However, since these

applications would likely be to golf courses and the typical golf course acreage (45 acres) is

less than is assumed for a typical crop acreage (80 acres), the potential exposure is expected to

be similar.

M/L/A Incidence Data

As of August 18, 1994, the following diquat dibromide poisoning data were available:

A. California Department of Food and Agriculture reported 19

systemic cases of diquat dibromide poisoning during 1982-89. 

There were 4 hospitalized cases (1 agricultural poisoning ranked

definite/probable; 2 non-agricultural occupational cases, 1 ranked

definite/probable and 1 ranked possible. These 4 cases required

a total of 40 days of hospitalization. This chemical ranked 9th in

California for days hospitalized.

Also, for the same time period California reported 19 agricultural cases,

all ranked definite/probable. In addition, there were 8 non-agricultural

cases ranked definite/probable and 3 possible; plus 10 non-agricultural,

non-occupational cases, all ranked definite/probable.

For 1990, 8 additional systemic diquat dibromide poisoning incidents (5

definite/probable and 3 possible) were reported to the California Illness
29

Surveillance System. These included 1 systemic poisoning incident, 2

eye and 2 skin, all rated definite/probable.

According to the draft (8/94) California risk chacterization document for

diquat, "virtually all illnesses reported during agricultural use occurred

as the result of equipment failure, accidental exposure, or violations of

label requirements"

B. Diquat dibromide was not included in the Acute Worker Risk

Strategy, therefore there are no data available from the American

Association of Poison Control Centers.

C. For diquat (only listing), the National Pesticide Telecommunication

Network reports from 1984-1991 inclusive, show 74 human poisoning

incidents and 8 animal poisoning incidents, 15 rated other, and 97 total

incidents among 345 calls to the EPA hotline.

D. The EPA Incident Data System (June, 1992 to July, 1994) contains

reports for two submissions reported under 6 (a) (2), including 1

probable incident for a three year old child who ingested diquat from a

bottle, and 1 wildlife episode (unknown certainty). 

Post-Application Exposure

There is an exposure potential for persons entering treated sites after application is

completed. These exposures included persons swimming in diquat treated aquatic sites,

persons (such as maintenance personnel) exposed to treated non-crop sites (golf courses,

rights-of-way, residential sites), and persons (such as crop advisors and harvesters) exposed to

treated crop sites. Seed-crops are harvested 5 to 10 days after application; potatoes are

harvested 7 or more days after application.

Post-Application Exposure Studies

Requirements for post-application exposure studies are addressed by Subdivision K of

the Pesticide Assessment Guidelines. Post-application exposure data submitted to support

reregistration consist of soil and foliar dislodgeable residue studies (MRID 40917401 and

40917402, respectively). 

The soil dislodgeable study conducted by the registrant indicates levels of diquat in the

soil after the digger machines have buried the potato tops and exposed the potato tubers at 0.5

ppm (MRID 40917401). Surrogate data were used to estimate human exposure to these

residue levels. To estimate the rate of transfer (soil to hand), the exposure rate per hour was

adjusted from the surrogate study (1 ppm) to the levels of diquat observed in the registrant's

study (0.5 ppm). Thus, a rate of transfer was estimated to be 1.9 μg/hr or 15.2 μg/day. By
30

assuming the weight of the exposed individual was 48 kg, the average daily exposure was

estimated to be 3.2 x 10 mg/kg/day. -4

The potential for postapplication/reentry exposure for golfers is anticipated to be low,

following applications to golf courses, because the applications to the turf and exposure to

golfers is primarily limited to the shoes from walking over treated surfaces. Exposure to golfcourse maintenance personnel, however, is a concern, because their routine tasks may require

exposure to the treated turf through such activities as bagging/disposing grass clippings and

relocating the flag-holes on the greens.

The potential for post-application/reentry exposure following application as a spot

treatment in residential gardens, driveway edges, and patios is low due to the limited

frequency and duration of exposure. However, potential post-application broadcast

applications at residential sites is expected to be similar to that of golf-course maintenance

personnel.

There is a potential for post-application exposure to swimmers following applications

to aquatic sites such as lakes and ponds. There are no diquat specific exposure data to assess

swimmer exposure. However, an assessment was conducted using information provided in

EPA's Dermal Exposure Assessment: Principles and Applications, Interim Report, January

1992.

To estimate the flux rate for diquat for one hour through skin, the permeability

constant for ethylene dibromide (3.3 x 10 ) was used since this compound is used to produce -3

diquat, and a permeability constant (K ) for diquat is not available. The assessment of p

swimmer exposure is based on the following:

Fick's Law : dm/dt = K * concentration (1.5 x 10 ) p

-3

 = 3.3 x 10 * 1.5 x 10 -3 -3

 = 4.95 x 10 

-6

The body weight of an average six-year old boy is assumed to be 21.9 kg and to have a

surface area of 0.88 square meters. The swimming period is assumed to be 3 hours.

Exposure Surface cm x 10 dm/dt Total Dermal

Time (hr) Area (mg/cm /hr) x 10 Exposure (mg) 10

2 4

2 -6 -2

3 0.88 1 4.95 12.9

Oral absorption will also account for a portion of the exposure. It is assumed that 1% of the

water in residence in the mouth while breathing will be swallowed. Oral exposure is as

follows:
31

Exposure Time (hr) Contact Rate (1/hr) Concentration (mg/L) Total Oral Exposure (mg)

3 .05 1.5 0.225

Due to diquat's low vapor pressure and the fact that it is a large molecule, exposure via the

inhalation route or penetration through ear wax was not considered.

3. Risk Assessment

a. Dietary Chronic Risk Analysis

This chronic dietary risk analysis is based on the Reference Dose (RfD) for chronic

oral exposure as determined by the Agency's RfD/Peer Review Committee. The diquat

dibromide RfD is 0.005 mg/kg/day. Percent crop treated data were included in this dietary

risk analysis. 

The DRES chronic analysis used tolerance level residues to calculate the Theoretical

Maximum Residue Contribution (TMRC) for the overall U.S. population and 22 population

subgroups. Refinements in percent crop treated information were considered in calculating the

Anticipated Residue Contribution (ARC) for the same population groups. The ARC is

considered the more accurate estimate of dietary exposure. These exposure estimates were

then compared to the RfD for diquat dibromide to calculate estimates of chronic dietary risk.

Using Tolerances

The Theoretical Maximum Residue Contribution (TMRC) for the overall U.S.

population from published and proposed uses recommended through reregistration are listed

below:

Subgroup Exposure (mg/kg/day) %Reference Dose

U.S. population 0.002675 54

Children (1-6) 0.004590 92

Non-Nursing

 infants < 1yr. 0.004519 90
32

Using Anticipated Residues

The Anticipated Residue Contribution (ARC) for the overall U.S. population from

published and proposed uses recommended through reregistration are listed below:

Subgroup Exposure (mg/kg/day) %Reference Dose

U.S. population 0.001529 31

Children (1-6) 0.002339 47

Non-Nursing 

 infants < 1 yr. 0.002471 49

The U.S. population and all the subgroups have ARCs for chronic dietary risk below the RfD

when published and proposed tolerances for reregistration are considered. It appears that

chronic dietary risk is minimal for diquat dibromide for published and proposed tolerances.

b. Occupational and Residential

Toxicity Endpoints

Diquat is classified as Toxicity Category II for acute dermal toxicity and primary eye

irritation; Category III for acute oral and acute inhalation toxicity; and Category IV for dermal

irritation.

The short term (1 to 7 days) and intermediate term (1 week to several months)

toxicological endpoints for occupational and residential risk assessment are based on systemic

toxicity resulting from dermal and inhalation exposures. These endpoints were derived from a

21-Day dermal toxicity study in rabbits (MRID 00140576) and a 21-day inhalation study in

rats (MRID 40640801), respectively. For both short and intermediate term occupational/

residential exposures, the systemic NOEL = 20 mg/kg/day and the LOEL = 40 mg/kg/day

for dermal toxicity; the NOEL = 0.1 microgm/l and LOEL = 0.49 microgm/l for inhalation

toxicity.

The Agency has previously used two endpoints, one inhalation and one dermal, to

assess both short-term and intermediate occupational and/or residential exposure to diquat

dibromide. The endpoints for dermal exposure and inhalation exposure are:

21-day dermal toxicity study in rabbits (MRID 00140576) - Systemic NOEL = 20

mg/kg/day based on weakness, unsteadiness, and weight loss.

21-day inhalation toxicity in rats (MRID 40640801) - NOEL = 0.1 μg/L, based on

lung lesions. To convert this NOEL to mg/kg/day, the following is assumed:

[0.1 μg/L * 29 l/min * 60 min/hr * 8 hr/day]/70 kg
33

Ethylene dibromide (EDB) is used in the manufacture of diquat dibromide and occurs

as an impurity in diquat dibromide products. The possibility for exposure to EDB was

addressed in the 1986 Guidance for the Reregistration of Diquat Dibromide. According to

that document, 10 ppm is the certified maximum EDB level permitted in the formulated

products. The Agency concluded that the presence of EDB as an impurity does not pose

significant risk to human health, either to the public or to applicators.

In this risk assessment for occupational/residential exposure protection factors were

applied to the exposure data to simulate use of the following personal protective equipment

(PPE) for dermal protection: chemical-resistant gloves and coveralls over long-sleeved shirt

and long pants. In addition, a dust/mist filtering respirator was assumed for most mixer,

loader, and application exposure scenarios. A summary of MOEs and exposure scenarios are

provided in Table 1.

Mixers, Loaders, Applicators (Handlers) Risk

In large-scale applications, the highest potential exposure and risks are to mixers and

loaders supporting aerial applications. For mixers and loaders using open systems to support

aerial applications, the dermal MOE is 71 and the inhalation MOE (assuming the use of a

respirator) is 100, where the MOE = NOEL ÷ Exposure. For mixers and loaders supporting

aerial applications using closed systems, the dermal MOE is 400 and the inhalation MOE

(assuming no use of a respirator) is 133. These MOE assessments assumed the maximum

agricultural application-rate. In non-crop situations, a higher application-rate is allowed for

use on Bermuda grass. However, since these applications would likely be to golf courses and

the typical golf course acreage (45 acres) is less than is assumed for a typical crop acreage (80

acres), the MOE's should not be lower.

For applicators participating in large-scale applications, the dermal MOE's are greater

than 100.

For mixers, loaders, and applicators participating in small-scale applications (including

spot treatments by homeowners), the MOE's are all greater than 100. For occupational users,

the MOE's are calculated using baseline PPE coveralls worn over a long-sleeved shirt and

long pants, and chemical-resistant gloves. No PPE was assumed for homeowner users. A

summary of MOEs for each exposure scenario is provided below:
34

 Table 1. DIQUAT DIBROMIDE EXPOSURE SCENARIOS AND MOEsa

Exposure Scenario (Scenario #) ai) ( g/lb ai) (lb ai/acre) (acres) (mg/kg/day) MOE (mg/kg/day) Inhalation MOE

Unit Maximum

Dermal Unit Label Daily Daily Daily

Exposure Inhalation Application Maximum Dermal Inhalation

 (mg/lb Exposure Rate Treated Dose Dermal Dose b b c d e

f

g

h

 Mixer/Loaderg

Closed Mixing liquids for Aerial Application 0.02 0.06 0.50 350 0.05 400 0.00015 133

(I)

Open Mixing Liquids For Aerial Application 0.113 0.08 0.50 350 0.28 71 0.0002 100

(II) w/respirator

Open Mixing Liquids For Ground-Boom 0.113 0.08 0.50 80 0.06 307 0.00005 400

Applications (II) w/respirator

 Applicator

Fixed-Wing Aerial Application (III) 0.005 0.04 0.50 350 0.013 1539 0.0001 200

w/respirator

Groundboom Application (IV) 0.01 0.08 0.50 80 0.0057 3508 0.000046 435

w/respirator

High Pressure Handwand Application (V) 0.53 0.09 2.0 10 0.15 132 0.000026 769

Water Hyacinth Control - Handgun 2.80 No Data 1.5 5 hr/day 0.20 100 No Data --

(Wojeck 1983) mg/hr

Water Hyacinth Control - Driver 0.60 No Data 1.5 5 hr/day 0.05 400 No Data --

(Wojeck 1983) mg/hr

Hydrilla Control - Applicator 0.17 No Data 4.0 5 hr/day 0.012 1666 No Data --

(Wojeck 1983) mg/hr

Hydrilla Control - Mixer 0.47 No Data 4.0 5 hr/day 0.034 588 No Data --

Wojeck 1983) mg/hr

 Mixer/Loader/Applicator

Mixing/Loading and Application With a 1.3 6 1.0 2.0 0.037 540 0.00017 117

Backpack Sprayer (VI) w/respirator

Mixing/Loading and Application With a Low 103.0 31.0 1.0 1000 sq. ft. 0.034 588 0.00001 2000

Pressure Handwand Sprayer -- Residential

Uses (VII)

 a All application types for diquat dibromide are foliar/broadcast in nature except for a few spot treatments for ornamentals. No banding, in-furrow or soil injection type techniques are noted.

 b All unit exposure values presented in Table 1 have been "normalized" to reflect the appropriate PPE clothing scenario recommended in this RED. 

 c Values representing the maximum application rate allowable by the label unless specifically noted (i.e., lb ai/acre). Mixing/loading scenarios were based on the highest potential cumulative chemical use for all application methods included in this table in conjunction with the maximum

number of acres treated for that application technique.

 d Values representing the maximum area (acres) which would be used in a typical work day to complete treatments for each equipment type/exposure scenario of interest.

 e Daily Dermal Dose (mg/kg/day) = [(Unit Exposure (mg/lb ai) * Max. Appl. Rate (lb ai/treatment) * Max. Treated)/70 kg]. For Wojeck et al, Daily Dermal Dose = [(mg/hr * hours exposure/day)/70 kg.

 f Dermal MOE values calculated using the following equation: MOE = Dermal NOEL (mg/kg/day)/Daily Dermal Dose (mg/kg/day); 21 day rabbit dermal NOEL = 20.0 mg/kg/day.

 g Daily Inhalation Dose (mg/kg/day) = [(Unit Exposure (mg/lb ai) * Max. Treated]/70 kg. In some cases respirators have been added, which are noted in the table.

 h Inhalation MOE values calculated using the following equation: MOE = [NOEL (μg/L) * 29 L/min * 60 min/hr * 8 hr/day]/Daily Inhalation Dose; 21 day rabbit inhalation NOEL=0.1 μg/L.
35

Post-Application Risk and REI Entry

Post-application exposure data were submitted to support reregistration and consist of soil and

foliar dislodgeable residue studies (MRID 40917401 and 40917402, respectively). 

Golf Course Postapplication Risk

There is a low potential for post-application/reentry exposure following applications to golf

courses because exposure is primarily limited to walking over treated surfaces rather than full

contact that is possible in a residential situation. Full contact with residues based on

dissipation data (24 hours postapplication) submitted by the registrant (MRID 409174-02)

would be as follows: 

1.3 μg/cm * 10,000 cm /hr * 8 hours = 1.5 mg/kg/day 2 2

70 kg

This would result in an MOE of 13. At day 4 postapplication the MOE would be 105. 

Therefore, a four day postapplication reentry interval (4 day REI) is recommended for

workers at golf courses, when worker activities involve substantial physical contact with the

treated turf. This does not apply to activities such as mowing.

Residential Postapplication Risk

The potential for postapplication/reentry exposure, following application as a spot treatment in

residential gardens, driveway edges, and patios, is low due to the expected contact pattern and

duration of exposure. Based on the MOE's calculated for the golf course workers discussed

above, broadcast treatments to residential turf are not recommended.

Aquatic Site Postapplication Risk

There is a potential for postapplication exposure to swimmers, following applications to

aquatic sites such as lakes and ponds. There are no diquat specific exposure data to assess

swimmer exposure risk. However, an assessment was conducted, using information provided

in EPA's Dermal Exposure Assessment: Principles and Applications, Interim Report, January

1992 as indicated above in the exposure assessment section.

Due to diquat's low vapor pressure and the fact that it is a large molecule, exposure via the

inhalation route or penetration through ear wax was not considered. Total swimmer exposure

is estimated to be [0.354 mg/day]/body weight = 0.016 mg/kg/day or an MOE of 1250, for a

21.9 kg 6 year old person. 
36

Additional Occupational/Residential Exposure Studies

Handler Studies

Additional handler exposure studies are not required at this time.

Post-Application Studies

Additional post-application exposure studies are not required at this time.

C. Environmental Assessment

1. Ecological Toxicity Data 

The ecotoxicological data base is adequate to characterize the toxicity of diquat

dibromide to nontarget terrestrial and aquatic organisms when used on terrestrial food, feed

and nonfood sites, and on aquatic nonfood sites.

a. Toxicity to Terrestrial Animals

In order to establish the toxicity to birds, the following tests are required using the

technical grade material: an avian single-dose oral acute study (71-1) on one species

(preferably mallard duck or bobwhite quail); two subacute dietary studies (71-2) on one

species of waterfowl (preferably mallard duck) and on one species of upland game bird

(preferably bobwhite quail); and because of persistence and multiple applications, two avian

reproduction studies (71-4) on mallard duck and bobwhite quail.

Wild mammal testing is required on a case-by-case basis, depending on the results of

the lower tier studies such as acute and subacute testing, intended use pattern, and pertinent

environmental fate characteristics. 

A honey bee acute contact LD50 study is required if the proposed use will result in

honey bee exposure.

(1) Birds, Acute and Subacute

Effects on Non-target Birds

Nine studies were evaluated under this topic. The activity of diquat dibromide

herbicide is expressed in units of cations. In the tables below, the cation will be used for risk

assessment purposes for birds since the use information is in lb cation per acres in the

terrestrial environment. The cation value in ppm is extrapolated from the test values whether

it be in diquat formulation or cation, or active ingredient. The acceptable toxicity studies for

use in a hazard assessment are listed below:
37

Avian Acute Toxicity

Avian Acute Oral Toxicity Findings 

Species % Test Material (TGAI) LD in mg/kg cation Conclusions 50

 per kg

Mallard 45.6 60.6 mg/kg

Mallard 30.0 89.6 mg/kg Moderately toxic

For hazard assessment, these data indicate that diquat dibromide is moderately toxic in

acute studies to birds. Typically, toxicity testing is to be done with technical grade active

ingredients, usually having relatively high per cent purity. In the case of diquat dibromide, a

test material containing 35 to 37 percent represents, apparently, the highest purity produced. 

The guideline requirement for the avian acute oral LD study is fulfilled. (MRID 00106559) 50

Avian Subacute Dietary Toxicity

Avian Subacute Dietary Toxicity Findings

Species % Test LC Conclusions

Material cation per kg

50

Bobwhite quail 37.0 575 ppm

Mallard 37.0 980* ppm Slightly to moderately toxic

Japanese quail 37.0 264 ppm

Ring-neck pheasant 37.0 734 ppm

Bobwhite quail 35.3 106 ppm

 * 30 percent mortality at 980 ppm cation.

On a subacute dietary basis, diquat dibromide ranges from slightly to moderately toxic

to birds. The guideline requirement for the avian subacute dietary study is fulfilled. (MRID 

00034769, and 00116565) 

Avian Reproduction

 

Avian reproduction studies are required when birds may be exposed repeatedly or

continuously through persistence, bioaccumulation, or multiple applications, or if mammalian

reproduction tests indicate reproductive hazard. Present product labeling of diquat dibromide

allows several applications of the end-use product per growing season. 

Avian Reproduction Findings

Species % Reproductive Impairment Conclusions (ppm cations)

A.I. 

Bobwhite 35.3 None NOEL > 19.6

Quail

Mallard 35.3 Number of eggs laid, hatching NOEL = 5 

Duck and 14-day old survival LOEL = 25 
38

The avian reproductive study found the NOEL to be 5 ppm cation and LOEL to be 25

ppm cation. These findings were based on number of eggs laid, hatching and 14-day old

survival. (MRIDs 00119988, 00114230)

(2) Insects

The minimum data required to establish the acute toxicity to honey bees is an acute

contact LD study with the technical material. 50

Nontarget Insect Acute Contact Toxicity Findings

Species % Test LD Conclusion

Material

50

Honey bee 99.6 100 g/bee

Honey bee 47 g/bee* practically non-toxic to bees

 * This was tested as “Reglone” with an LD =171 g/bee and as “Reglone + Agral” with an LD =66 g/bee for acute contact toxicity. This 50 50

was also tested for oral acute with “Reglone” (LD =47 g/bee) and “Reglone + Agral” ((LD =35 g/bee). Agral is a liquid non-ionic 50 50

wetting and spreading agent. 

There is sufficient information to characterize diquat dibromide as practically nontoxic

to bees. The guideline requirement is fulfilled. (MRIDs 072012, 40208001)

b. Toxicity to Aquatic Animals

(1) Freshwater Fish

In order to establish the toxicity to fish, the following tests are required using the

technical grade material: two 96-hour acute fish studies (72-1); one on a species of coldwater

fish (preferably rainbow trout) and one on a species of warmwater fish (preferably bluegill

sunfish); and because of persistence one fish early life stage study.
39

In the table below, the diquat cation will be used for risk assessment purposes for

aquatic organisms since the availability of diquat dibromide is as a cation in aquatic

environments. The value in ppm cation is extrapolated from the test values whether it be in

diquat formulation, cation, or active ingredient. The acceptable toxicity studies for use in a

hazard assessment are listed below:

Freshwater Fish Acute Toxicity Findings

Species % Test Material LC in ppm Conclusions

(TGAI) cations

50

Brown trout 35.3 17.8 slightly to moderately toxic

Bluegill 35.3 12.1**

Rainbow trout 35.3* 14.8

Bluegill 35.3 13.9

Rainbow trout 35.3 >18.7

Bluegill 35.3 21.5

Yellow Perch 35.3 4.4

Black Bullhead 35.3 4.6

 * The study cites the percentage formulation as 19.8 percent cation and having 2 lb cation per gallon. According to the LUIS report, the 2 lb cation

per gallon is similar to the 35.3 percent ai formulation (diquat dibromide is made up of about 53 percent cation).

 ** Results based on 72 hour test rather than 96 hour test.

The results of the acute toxicity studies indicate that diquat dibromide is slightly to

moderately toxic to both cold and warm water fish. The guideline requirement for acute

toxicity testing of the technical on freshwater fish is fufilled. (MRID 00115858, 0027203,

00115572, 00138961, and 00003503) 

Fish Early Life Stage Study

The MATC below is derived from the geometric mean of the fish early life cycle study which

resulted in a NOEL of 0.58 ppm and LOEL of 1.5 ppm of the test material. The effects at the

1.5 ppm level were reduction in wet weight and length of the larvae. Note that the NOEL and

LOEL are in ppm of test material, which was a 41.4% ai formulation. Furthermore, the

active ingredient is comprised of an active and inactive cation, with only 50.9% active cation. 

The NOEL and LOEL, expressed in ppm active cation, would be 0.122 ppm and 0.316 ppm

respectively. Since exposure values for risk assessment are calculated in units of active cation,

the MATC (reported below) will also be reported in units (ppm) of active cation.

Fish Early Life Stage Findings

Species % Test MATC

Material in ppm

(TGAI) cations

Conclusions

Channel Catfish unknown >1.0 NOEL = 0.122 ppm cation

Fathead Minnow 41.4 0.197 LOEL = 1.316 ppm cation

For hazard assessment, these data indicate that diquat dibromide ranges in toxicity to

fish from slightly to moderately toxic. Data requirements for freshwater fish are fulfilled. 
40

Typically, toxicity testing is to be done with technical grade active ingredients, usually having

relatively high percent purity. In the case of diquat dibromide, a test material containing 35 to

37 percent represents the highest purity obtainable. (MRIDs 090862, 40380703)

(2) Freshwater Invertebrates

In order to establish the toxicity to aquatic invertebrates, a 48-hour aquatic invertebrate

acute toxicity test is required using the technical grade material on first instar Daphnia magna

or early instar amphipods, stoneflies or mayflies; and because of persistence one aquatic

invertebrate life cycle study.

Seven studies were evaluated under this topic. In the table below, the diquat cation

will be used for risk assessment purposes for aquatic organisms since the availability of diquat

dibromide is as a cation in aquatic environments. The value in ppm cation is extrapolated

from the test values whether it be in diquat formulation, cation, or active ingredient. The

acceptable toxicity studies for use in a hazard assessment are listed below:

Freshwater Invertebrate Toxicity Findings

Species % Test EC or MATC Conclusions

Material ppm cation

(TGAI)

50

Daphnia magna* 46.6 EC50= 1.03

Slightly to highly toxic

Daphnia magna* 46.6 EC = 1.19 50

Daphnia magna* 35.2 EC50= 0.77

Gammarus fasciatus* 35.3 EC50= 18.7

Hyalella* unknown EC50= 0.14

Apple Snail* 35.3 EC50= 0.34

Daphnia magna** 41.4 MATC = 0.044

* Acute toxicity Study

** Life Cycle Study

There is sufficient information to characterize diquat dibromide as slightly to highly

toxic to aquatic invertebrates. The guideline requirement is fulfilled. (MRIDs 235179,

00115576, 00003530, and 00115862)

(3) Estuarine and Marine Animals

Acute toxicity testing with estuarine and marine organisms is required when an end-use

product is intended for direct application to the marine/estuarine environment or is expected

to reach this environment in significant concentrations. The terrestrial nonfood use of diquat

dibromide may result in exposure to the estuarine environment.

In order to establish the toxicity to estuarine and marine organisms, the following tests

are required using the technical grade material: either a Mollusc 48-hour embryo larvae study

using Pacific oyster, Eastern oyster, mussel (preferably Mytilus edulis) or Quahog
41

(Mercenaria) or a Mollusc 96-hour Flow-Through Shell Deposition study using Pacific oyster

or Eastern oyster; and a Shrimp 96-hour acute toxicity test using white, pink, brown, grass or

mysid shrimp species; an estuarine fish (preferably silverside or sheepshead minnow). 

Four studies were evaluated under this topic. In the table below, the diquat cation will

be used for risk assessment purposes for aquatic organisms since the availability of diquat

dibromide is as a cation in aquatic environments. The value in ppm cation is extrapolated

from the test values whether it be in diquat formulation, cation, or active ingredient. The

acceptable toxicity studies for use in a hazard assessment are listed below:

Estuarine/Marine Acute Toxicity Findings

Species % Test Material LC ppm Conclusions

(TGAI) cation

50

Mysid Shrimp 41.1 0.42 slightly to highly toxic

Eastern Oyster 41.4 54.8

Sheepshead Minnow 41.4 48

Striped Bass 35.3 43.2

There is sufficient information to characterize diquat dibromide as slightly to highly

toxic to estuarine species. The guideline requirement is fulfilled. (MRID 40315701,

40316001, 40316101, 090862, and 00028002) 

c. Toxicity to Plants

Terrestrial plant testing (seed germination, seedling emergence and vegetative vigor) is

required for herbicides which have terrestrial nonfood/feed or aquatic nonfood (except

residential) use patterns and which have endangered or threatened plant species associated with

the site of application.

(1) Aquatic Plants

Aquatic plant testing is required for any herbicide applied to terrestrial nonfood or

aquatic nonfood sites (except residential). In order to establish the toxicity to aquatic plants,

an aquatic plant growth study (123-2) comprising of Selenastrum capricornutum, Lemna

gibba, Skeletonema costatum, Anabaena flos-aquae, and a freshwater diatom is required

using the technical grade material. The registrant has submitted a Selenastrum capricorutum

study.

Two aquatic plant studies were evaluated under this topic. In the table below, the

diquat cation will be used for risk assessment purposes for plants since the availability and

activity of diquat dibromide is as a cation with plants. The value in ppb cation is extrapolated

from the test values whether it be in diquat formulation, cation, or active ingredient. The

acceptable toxicity studies for use in a hazard assessment are listed below:
42

Nontarget Aquatic Plant Toxicity Findings

Species % A.I. Toxicity Conclusions

Tier I, several species of --- Controlled by 0.25 information insufficient to assess the

filamentous algae and cation ppm of diquat toxicity, but sufficient to require Tier II

aquatic vegetation testing

Tier II vascular plants: 35.3 EC * EC ** Vascular plant requirements (Lemna

Giant Duckweed 0.0036 0.75 gibba) are satisfied, but Skeletonema

Water Hyancinth 0.0198 114.0 costatum, Anabaena flos-aquae,

Azolla 0.0277 11.6 Selenastrum capricornutum, and a

Hydrilla N/A 9.9 freshwater diatom needs to be tested to

50 50 

satisfy the requirements under 123-2

and to provide a complete risk

assessment of diquat to non-target

aquatic plants.

 * Foliar applied, lb cation/A 

 ** Rootzone, ppb cation

(MRID 40165103, 40165104, 40165105, and 41883002)

(2) Terrestrial Plants

Three terrestrial plant studies were evaluated under this topic. In order to establish the

toxicity to terrestrial plants, a germination, seedling emergence (123-1a) and vegetative vigor

study (123-1b) is required. The acceptable toxicity studies for use in a hazard assessment are

listed below:

Nontarget Terrestrial Plant Toxicity Findings 

 Test and Species % A.I. EC Conclusions 25

Seedling emergence & -- >7.49 lbs ai/Acre No effect to plants at 8.4 ai kg/ha

Germination (10 species) or 7.49 lb ai/A*

Vegetative Vigor (corn, -- rates as low as 0.016 lb Tier II vegetative vigor testing

sweet corn, & wheat) cation/A resulted in needed

desiccation of certain

plants

Vegetative Vigor, 35.3 0.00470 cation lb/A Untreated seeds of wheat and sweet

Sensitive species: 0.00738 cation lb/A corn should be tested for tier II

Cotton 0.01064 cation lb/A Vegetative Vigor.** 

Soybean

Corn

* Tier II seed emergence and seed germination studies do not need to be done.

** Only one grass species was tested. According to earlier study (40165102), sweet corn and wheat were found to be sensitive. Two more grass

species should be tested to fulfill guidelines. If there are difficulties in finding untreated seeds of sweet corn or wheat, the treated seeds could be

washed in methanol to remove most of the treatment and then tested after drying.

There are outstanding data requirements for terrestrial plants. (MRID 40165101,

40165102, and 41883001)
43

2. Environmental Fate

There is sufficient data for comprehensive qualitative and quantitative environmental

fate, ground and surface water assessments for diquat dibromide.

a. Environmental Fate Assessment

The primary route of environmental dissipation of diquat is strong adsorption to soil

particles. Diquat does not hydrolyse or photodegrade and is resistant to microbial degradation

under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. There were no major degradates isolated from any of

the environmental fate studies. When used as an aquatic herbicide, diquat is removed from the

water column by adsorption to soil sediments, aquatic vegetation, and organic matter. 

Adsorbed diquat is persistent and immobile, and is not expected to be a ground-water

contaminant.

The environmental fate data base for diquat is complete for reregistration of diquat

dibromide. 

Pesticide Runoff Simulation Modeling:

An estimate of diquat runoff and its effect on surface water quality was evaluated using

PRZM-EXAM models from a typical crop use on potatoes with data from a silt loam soil in

Maine.

Model simulations indicate that a 10 percent exceedance probability of the maximum of

0.33 kg/ha/year diquat could potentially be found in surface water systems. This estimate is a

high exposure scenario of the entire yearly application of 0.5 lb ai/A to soil on a highly eroded

soil for 36 years. This assessment includes diquat adsorbed onto eroded soil particles as well

as diquat in the runoff water. Estimated environmental concentrations (EEC's) at 10 percent

exceedance probabilities in a one hectare water body, 2 meters deep, are shown in the table

below.

Annual Average EEC of Dissolved Diquat in Maine with 10 percent Exceedance Probability.

Maximum 96 hour 21 day 60 day 90 day

48.4 ppb 47.8 ppb 45.1 ppb 45.3 ppb 43.6 ppb

While these predictions are higher than expected from the environmental assessment of

diquat, the PRZM-EXAM model is predicting a high exposure scenario for diquat applied to

potatoes.
44

b. Surface Water Assessment 

Diquat dibromide is persistent and binds nearly irreversibly to soil. It does not appear

to be biologically available to aquatic organisms in surface water. Therefore, the Agency does

not require a surface water advisory.

c. Environmental Fate and Transport

Hydrolysis

Diquat dibromide was stable to hydrolysis in water at all pHs (tested at pH 5, 7, and

9). (MRIDs 154100 and 154101)

Photodegradation in water

Diquat can be considered to be photolytically stable in the environment; diquat

degraded with a calculated half-life of 74 days of Florida spring sunlight. Radiolabeled diquat

in pH 7 buffer was continuously irradiated with a xenon lamp for a period of time that

approximated 32 days of Florida spring sunlight. One degradate, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-

oxopyrido (1,2-a)pyrazin-5-ium ion, comprised 12 percent of the radioactivity at the

conclusion of the study. (MRID 40418801)

Photodegradation on soil

[ C]Diquat did not photodegrade on loam soil irradiated with a xenon arc lamp at 14

20.5-29.1 C for 107.42 hours (equivalent to approximately 32 days of natural sunlight). 

Diquat was the only compound identified in the extracts. (MRID 40246101)

Aerobic soil metabolism

Diquat at approximately 3 ug/g did not degrade in an aerobic sandy loam soil incubated

at 25 C in the dark for 9 months. (MRID 40972301)

Anaerobic aquatic metabolism

[ C]Diquat did not degrade when incubated under anaerobic aquatic conditions for 9 14

months at 25 C. After 9 months, one unidentified degradate comprised approximately 5

percent of the applied radioactivity. Throughout the study 89 to 100 percent of the diquat

residues were associated with the soil sediment portion of the system. No anaerobic aquatic

half-life could be calculated. (MRID 40972302)
45

Aerobic aquatic metabolism

[ C]Diquat did not degrade when incubated under aerobic aquatic conditions for 31 14

days at 25 C. Between 95 to 99 percent of the diquat residues were associated with the soil

sediment portion of the system. No aerobic aquatic half-life could be calculated. (MRID

40927601)

Mobility -- adsorption/desorption

Diquat is immobile with Freundlich Kads values of 15 in sand sediment, 36-42 in two

sand soils, and Freundlich Kads values of 1882-10740 in sandy loam, sandy clay loam, and

loam soils. (MRID 40348601)

Laboratory volatility

Diquat has a vapor pressure of <4 x 10 mm Hg at 25 C; therefore, volatility is not -9

expected to be a route of dissipation. There was no evidence of volatility in any study

submitted to satisfy environmental fate requirements. (MRID 40245101)

Dissipation -- Terrestrial field and Long-term field

Diquat did not degrade for 3 years after application to two plots in New York;

concentrations of diquat ion ranged from 0.01 to 0.32 ppm in the upper 15-cm soil depth. 

The two plots were planted to potatoes; the potato vegetation from the clay loam soil plot was

removed prior to application to represent bare ground application, the other plot was on a

loam soil and diquat was sprayed on the vegetation. There were two applications of diquat

dibromide (2 lb ai/gal SC/L) at 0.25 lb diquat ion/A/application (total 0.5 lb ai/A). In

general, there was no pattern of leaching; diquat was recovered at 0.01-0.03 ppm from

individual soil cores from the 15- to 22.5-cm soil depth. 

Diquat did not degrade for 3 years after application to two plots of loam soil in Idaho;

concentrations of diquat ion ranged from 0.01 to 0.13 ppm in the upper 35-cm soil depth. 

Application was made to bare ground and to potato vegetation. The plots were cultivated to

35 cm and in subsequent years cropped to a rotation of sugarbeets, wheat and potatoes. There

were two applications of diquat dibromide (2 lb ai/gal SC/L) at 0.25 lb diquat

ion/A/application (total 0.5 lb ai/A). There were no residues recovered from below 35 cm.

(MRIDs 42060301, 42060302, 40335201)

(1) Field Dissipation

Aquatic and Aquatic Impact

Diquat dissipated with half-lives of 1-2 days from Florida pondwater that was treated

four times at 4 lb ai/A/application at approximately monthly intervals with diquat dibromide
46

(Ortho Diquat Herbicide-HA). Diquat was removed from the water column by adsorbing to

sediment. The diquat concentrations in the sediment were variable ranging to a maximum of

1.2 ppm in the 0- to 5-cm depth with no discernible pattern of decline. In the aquatic

dissipation study, the sites chosen were both near Gainesville, FL. Although the pond sites

were treated under the same climatic conditions, the sediments were of different textures; one

was sandy clay loam and the other was a sand sediment. The findings from these two sites

were in agreement with findings from field dissipation studies conducted under a variety of

climatic conditions and also were comparable to predictions from laboratory results. (MRID

40917403)

(2) Accumulation

Laboratory Accumulation - Fish

Diquat residues did not significantly accumulate in bluegill sunfish exposed to

[ C]diquat dibromide at approximately 1030 ppb diquat ion for 14 days under flow-through 14

conditions. The maximum mean bioconcentration factors were 0.7X for edible tissues

(muscle, skin, skeleton), 2.5X for nonedible tissues (viscera) and 1.03X for whole fish. 

Depuration was rapid, with approximately 50 percent of the accumulated [ C]residues 14

eliminated from the fish tissues by day 3 of the depuration period. (MRID 40326901)

Laboratory Accumulation - Non-target organisms

a. Daphnia magna. Diquat residues did not significantly accumulate in Daphnia

magna exposed to diquat dibromide at 10 ug/L in a laboratory flow-through system. 

The reported maximum bioconcentration factor was 8.3X, at 1 day post-exposure.

b. Mayfly nymph Diquat residues did not significantly accumulate in mayfly nymphs

exposed to diquat dibromide at 1 mg/L in a laboratory flow-through system. The

reported maximum bioconcentration factor was 32X, at 1 day post-exposure.

c. Oysters Diquat residues did not significantly accumulate in the soft tissue of

Pacific oysters which were exposed to diquat dibromide monohydrate at 0.1 mg/L in a

laboratory flow-through system for up to 28 days. The soft tissue bioconcentration

factor for organisms exposed for 14 days was 5.5X; for those exposed for 28 days, the

soft tissue bioconcentration factor was 10.5X.

Field Accumulation - Fish

Diquat did not significantly accumulate in tissues of tilapia and catfish from two

fish ponds in Florida which were treated with diquat dibromide in four monthly

applications at 4 lb diquat ion/A/application (total 16 lb diquat ion/A). Each

application was equivalent to 0.36 ug diquat ion/mL. In tilapia, maximum

concentrations of diquat ion were 8.5 and 0.30 ppm in nonedible (head, tail, and
47

viscera) and edible (fillet plus skin) tissues, respectively. In catfish, the maximum

concentrations of diquat ion were 0.06 and 0.15 ppm in edible (fillet) and nonedible

(head, skin, tail, and viscera) tissues, respectively. Diquat ion concentrations in fish

tissues did not increase with repeated applications. Diquat ion dissipated from the pond

water with half-lives of 0.72-2.3 days. (MRIDs 40326903, 40326902, 40326904,

40380701)

 (3) Spray Drift

 Spray drift data are required by 40 CFR § 158.142 when aerial application

and/or mist blower or other ground application are proposed and it is expected that the

detrimental effect level of nontarget organisms expected to be present are exceeded. 

3. Exposure and Risk Characterization

a. Ecological Exposure and Risk Characterization

Explanation of the Risk Quotient (RQ) and the Level of Concern (LOC): The

Levels of Concern are criteria used to indicate potential risk to nontarget organisms. The

criteria indicate that a chemical, when used as directed, has the potential to cause undesirable

effects on nontarget organisms. There are two general categories of LOC (acute and chronic)

for each of the four nontarget faunal groups and one category (acute) for each of two

nontarget floral groups. In order to determine if an LOC has been exceeded, a risk quotient

must be derived and compared to the LOC's. A risk quotient is calculated by dividing an

appropriate exposure estimate, e.g. the estimated environmental concentration, (EEC) by an

appropriate toxicity test effect level, e.g. the LC . The acute effect levels typically are: 50

-EC (terrestrial plants), 25

-EC (aquatic plants and invertebrates), 50

-LC (fish and birds), and 50

-LD (birds and mammals) 50

The chronic test results are the:

-NOEL (sometimes referred to as the NOEC) for avian and mammal

reproduction studies, and either the NOEL for chronic aquatic studies, or the

Maximum Allowable Toxicant Concentration (MATC), the geometric mean of

the NOEL and the LOEL (sometimes referred to as the LOEC) for chronic

aquatic studies.

When the risk quotient exceeds the LOC for a particular category, risk to that

particular category is presumed to exist. Risk presumptions are presented along

with the corresponding LOC's.
48

Levels of Concern (LOC) and associated Risk Presumption

Mammals, Birds

IF THE LOC PRESUMPTION

acute RQ> 0.5 High acute risk

acute RQ> 0.2 Risk that may be mitigated through

restricted use

acute RQ> 0.1 Endangered species may be affected

acutely

chronic RQ> 1 Chronic risk, endangered species

may be affected chronically,

Fish, Aquatic invertebrates

IF THE LOC PRESUMPTION

acute RQ> 0.5 High acute risk

acute RQ> 0.1 Risk that may be mitigated through

restricted use

acute RQ> 0.05 Endangered species may be affected

acutely

chronic RQ> 1 Chronic risk, endangered species

may be affected chronically

Plants

IF THE LOC PRESUMPTION

RQ> 1 High risk

RQ> 1 Endangered plants may be affected

Currently, no separate criteria for restricted use or chronic effects for plants

exist.

Established Levels of Concern (LOC's)

Endpoint/Scenario Risk Quotient Non-Endangered LOC Endangered LOC

Mammalian acute EEC/LC50 0.5 0.1

Mammalian chronic EEC/LEL* 1.0 1.0

Avian acute EEC/LC50 0.5 0.1

Avian chronic EEC/LEL 1.0 1.0

Aquatic acute EEC/LC50 0.5 0.05

Aquatic chronic EEC/LEL 1.0 1.0

Non-target insects NOT QUANTIFIED N/A N/A

Non-target plants EEC/EC25 or EC50 1.0 1.0

LEL: Lowest Effect Level. The LEL is a theoretical level which is a value somewhere between the NOEL and the LOEL. The Agency uses the NOEL to calculate the risk quotients for

the mammalian and avian chronic risks and the MATC to calculate the risk quotients for the aquatic chronic risk.
49

(1) Exposure and Risk to Nontarget Terrestrial Animals

(a) Birds

Residues found on dietary food items following diquat dibromide application may be

compared to LC values to predict hazard. The maximum concentration of residues of diquat 50

dibromide which may be expected to occur on selected avian or mammalian dietary food items

following a single foliar application at different application rates is provided in the table

below:

Residues on Avian and Mammalian Dietary Food Items in PPM 

Use Sites 0.25 0.375 0.5 0.8923

 Application Rates (lb a.i./A)

a b c d

Range Grasses Typical

(short) residue 31 47 63 112

Maximum

residue 60 90 120 214

Fruit/Vegetable

Leaves (other than Typical

legumes) residue 9 13 18 31

Maximum

residue 31 47 63 111

Forage Legumes Typical

and small insects residue 8 12 17 29

Maximum

residue 15 22 29 52

Seeds, large insects residue 1 1 1.5 2.7

Maximum

residue 3 5 6 11

Typical

Long Grass residue 23 47 63 112

Maximum

residue 28 90 120 214

Typical

Cantaloupe a

Cucumber and tomato b

Alfalfa, carrot, clover, pepper, squash, potato, radish, turnip, soybean, and sorghum c

Turf, golf courses, ornamental uses d
50

Acute Risks

Regarding acute avian dietary risks, the table below indicates the risk quotients for

each of the following application rates:

Acute Avian Dietary Risk Quotients

(Dietary RQ = EEC (Maximum residue value)/LC )LC = 575 ppm ai for bobwhite quail 50 50

Use Sites

Application Rates in lbs. A.I./A

0.25 0.375 0.5 0.8923 a b c d

Range(short) grasses 0.10 0.16 0.21 0.37 

Small insects 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.09

Leafy crops 0.05 0.08 0.11 NA

Cantaloupe a

Cucumber and tomato b

Alfalfa, carrot, clover, pepper, squash, potato, radish, turnip, soybean, and sorghum c

Turf, golf courses, ornamental uses d

High acute risk to birds is not expected from the use of diquat dibromide. However,

level of concern for restricted use has been exceeded (LOC = 0.2) primarily for the turf use. 

The LOC for endangered bird species (LOC = 0.1) has been exceeded for those avian species

feeding on short grass, primarily the turf use.

Chronic Risks

The risk quotients for chronic risk to birds were based on both maximum and typical

residues expected to occur immediately after treatment. Diquat is extremely persistent, but

neither the rate of decline on food items, nor rate at which diquat becomes biologically

unavailable to birds is known.

Based on available data, there is moderate to high certainty that some reproductive

effects will occur to birds. The likelihood that this impact will occur frequently, or be of

ecological significance is less certain.
51

Regarding chronic avian risks, the table below indicates the risk quotients for each of

the following application rates:

Chronic Avian Risk Quotients

(Chronic RQ = EEC (Maximum or typical residue value)/NOEL (5 ppm cation) 

NOEL = 5 ppm cation from the mallard reproduction study

Use Sites0

Application Rates in lbs. A.I./A

0.25 0.375 0.5 0.8923 a b c d

Range (short) grasses Maximum 12 18 24 42.8 

Typical 6.3 9.5 12.6 22.3

Small insects Maximum 3 4 5.9 10

Typical 1.7 2.4 3.3 5.9

Leafy crops Maximum 6.3 9.5 12.5 NA

Typical 4.6 6.9 9.1 NA

Cantaloupe a

Cucumber and tomato b

Alfalfa, carrot, clover, pepper, squash, potato, radish, turnip, soybean, and sorghum c

Turf, golf courses, ornamental uses d

A NOEL of 5 ppm cation and LOEL of 25 ppm cation was determined from the

mallard reproduction study. These findings were based on the number of eggs laid, hatching

and 14-day old survival. The level of concern for chronic risk to avian species has been

exceeded (LOC = 1). Therefore, birds feeding on diquat dibromide contaminated food items

may experience reproductive problems. It is recognized that in some field crops such as

alfalfa, clover and soybean, there may be few short grasses, so residues on leafy crops and

insects may be more representative of actual exposure.

(b) Mammals

Small mammal exposure is estimated using the rat acute oral LD50 values converted to

a LC value for dietary exposure. The estimated LC = LD X body weight (g) 50 50 50

food. cons. per day (g)

Small Mammal Food Consumption in PPMs 

(Based on an LD = 600 mg/kg) 50

a

Small Mammal Body Weight in % of Weight Eaten Food Consumed Per Estimated LC Per

Grams Per Day Day in Grams Day in PPMs

50

Herbivore 26 gms 16 % 4.3 gms 701 ppm cation

Insectivore 5 gms 110 % 5.5 gms 105 ppm cation

The above table is based on information contained in Principles of Mammology by D. E. Davis and

F. Golly, published by Reinhold Corporation, 1963.

a An LD in mg diquat dibromide cation/kg was calculated to be 116. This takes into account that 50

this formulation was 19.3% cationic. Calculation: 600 mg/kg X 0.193 = 116 mg cation/kg.
52

Discussion of Overall Risk to Mammals:

Diquat dibromide will pose only a low risk to mammals considering the use patterns,

environmental fate characteristics and toxicity. Effects, if they occur should not result in

significant ecological damage.

Acute Risks

Regarding acute mammalian dietary risks, the table below

indicates the risk quotients for each of the following application rates:

Acute Mammalian Dietary Risk Quotients

(Dietary RQ = EEC (Maximum residue value)/Lowest 1-day LC ) 50

Small Mammal

Application Rates in lbs. Cation/A

0.25 0.375 0.5 0.8923 a b c d

Herbivore consuming range (short) grasses 0.08 0.13 0.17 0.30

Insectivores consuming small insects 0.14 0.21 0.28 0.49

Herbivores consuming leafy crops NA NA 0.09 NA

Cantaloupe a

Cucumber and tomato b

Alfalfa, carrot, clover, pepper, squash, potato, radish, turnip, soybean, and sorghum c

Turf, golf courses, ornamental uses d

None of the acute risk quotients exceed the LOC for high acute risk. The LOC for

restricted use is exceeded by all uses except cantaloupe. The LOC for endangered species

has been exceeded for all use patterns. 

Some additional factors influencing acute exposure are presented below, and reduce the

certainty of the risk assessment conclusions. These are as follows:

1). Small herbivores such as mice feed on a variety of food items ranging from

short grass to seeds and fruits. The residues on these other food items would be

less, yielding lower risk quotients.

2). Small insectivores feed on insects in a variety of habitats, not just those on the

surface exposed to direct spray. Insects that were underground, or otherwise

protected during spraying may have lower residue levels, also yielding lower

risk quotients. Also, the estimated residues were for small insects. Large

insects would have smaller residue levels.

3). The residues used in calculating the above risk quotients represented the

maximum expected exposure levels. It should be noted that typical exposure

levels would likely be less.
53

4). The entire risk assessment for mammals is based on one LD value for 50

laboratory rats. It is not known how sensitive wild mammals may be to diquat

dibromide. If they are substantially more sensitive, they may be at greater risk

than indicated by the risk quotients above.

5). The acute oral LD may not be the best indicator of actual toxicity of diquat 50

dibromide as might occur when ingested as a dietary concentration. Diquat

dibromide binds tightly to organic matter such as food items, and may not be as

biologically available. Whereas, when intubated directly, as is done during the

acute oral test, the test animal is more likely to receive the full impact of the

test material.

6). The acute risk quotient for insectivores in turf and ornamental areas was 0.49,

which is very close to the LOC of 0.5. 

Therefore, it is only with moderate certainty that the Agency concludes that

nonendangered mammals are not at acute risk from diquat dibromide. Based on risk to

mammals, diquat dibromide does exceed the restricted use LOC for all uses except cantaloupe

(application rate of 0.25 lb cation/acre).

Information that could reduce uncertainty in the acute risk assessment for mammals

would be toxicity tests with wild mammals providing actual LC values. This testing is not 50

required for risk assessment.

Chronic Risks

Regarding chronic mammalian risks, the table below indicates the risk quotients for

each of the following application rates:

Chronic Mammalian Risk Quotients

(Chronic RQ = EEC (Maximum or typical residue value)/NOEL (80 ppm cation) 

Small Mammal

Application Rates in lbs. A.I./A

0.25 0.375 0.5 0.8923 a b c d

Herbivores consuming Maximum 0.7 1.1 1.5* 2.7 

range (short) grasses Typical 0.4 0.6 0.8* 1.4

Insectivores consuming Maximum 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6

small insects Typical 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4

Herbivores consuming Maximum 0.4 0.6 0.8 NA

leafy crops Typical 0.1 0.2 0.2 NA

Cantaloupe a

Cucumber and tomato b

Alfalfa, carrot, clover, pepper, squash, potato, radish, turnip, soybean, and sorghum c

Turf, golf courses, ornamental uses d

* There may be relatively few short grasses in alfalfa, clover, or soybean fields, or in some other vegetable growing fields.
54

Chronic risk for mammals is based on maximum and typical residues on small

insects or leafy crops, except for the turf use, where short grasses would likely

predominate. The 2-generation rat reproduction study showed the NOEL = 80 ppm

cation and the LOEL = 240 ppm cation.

Using maximum and typical residues on food items for mammals, the risk

quotients exceed the chronic LOC for turf and ornamental use only. However, other

factors must be considered when considering the extent of risk and the probability that

chronic risk will occur such as:

1). Diquat is very persistent in the environment shown by data from terrestrial

Field Dissipation studies showing diquat does not degrade after 3 years.

However, it is bound to the soil and not taken up by plants.

2) Small herbivores such as mice actually feed on a variety of food items

ranging from short grass to seeds and fruits. These mammal species

may move about, choosing a variety of food items, not just the food

items with the maximum residues. 

3). The RQ values were derived using the No Effect Level (NOEL) of 80 ppm

cation. The Lowest Effect Level (LOEL), where adverse effects were known

to occur was at the extrapolated 240 ppm cation. It is not known at what

concentration, between 80 and 240 ppm, adverse chronic effects may start to

occur. Again, including the turf use, even maximum residues on food items did

not exceed the 240 ppm. 

4). Small insectivores feed on insects in a variety of habitats, not just those who are

on the surface exposed to direct spray. Insects that were underground, or

otherwise protected during spraying may have lower residue levels, also

yielding lower risk quotients. Also, the estimated residues were for small

insects. Large insects would have smaller residue levels.

These factors lead to a conclusion that while the possibility of chronic risk

exists, the probability that it will occur may be relatively low. The extent, or

significance, of chronic impact to non-endangered mammals appears to be low.

(c) Insects

Diquat dibromide poses only minimal risk to non-target insects and because it is

is practically non-toxic to honey bees, LD 100 and 47 μg/bee, there is little direct 50

exposure to it. 
55

(2) Exposure and Risk to Nontarget Aquatic Animals

A refined EEC was done by the Agency. This EEC is determined using

environmental fate and transport computer models. The Pesticide Root Zone Model

(PRZM1) was used to simulate pesticides in field runoff and the Exposure Analysis

Modeling System (EXAMS II) to simulate pesticide fate and transport in an aquatic

environment (one acre body of water). An estimate of diquat runoff and its effect on

surface water quality was evaluated using PRZM-EXAM models from a typical crop

use on potatoes with data from a silt loam soil in Maine. This estimate is a worst case

scenario of the entire yearly application of 0.5 lb ai/A (cation ai/A) to highly eroded

soil for 36 years. This assessment includes diquat adsorbed onto eroded soil particles

as well as diquat in the runoff water. Below is runoff as computed by EFED's PRZMEXAM model showing annual average Environmental Exposure Concentration of

diquat in Maine with 10% exceedance. The values are in cations ppb and the time

period is after application.

 Maximum 96 hour 21 days 60 days 90 days

48.4 ppb 47.8 ppb 45.1 ppb 45.3 ppb 43.6 ppb

Diquat dibromide binds very strongly to clay and organic matter in the soil

(KOC=100,000 in soil). The LC50 values of the aquatic organisms are from laboratory

conditions, in which there are no soil particles or plant material to bond. Therefore,

the availability of diquat to aquatic organisms in the test system would be much higher

than in a environmental setting where matter was available to "bind" with diquat

dibromide. Data from the Aquatic Dissipation study shows that diquat dissipates from

the water column in Florida ponds with half-lives of 1-2 days. Since diquat bonds very

tightly to organic matter and soil and the diquat is very stable (does not degrade); the

diquat in the runoff would dissipate rapidly to the soil bottom and not be readily

available to aquatic organisms. These factors lead to a conclusion that while the

possibility of acute or chronic risk to aquatic organisms exist, the probability that

it will occur is relatively low. Therefore, it is expected that diquat dibromide will

pose only a minimal risk to aquatic organisms from exposure to runoff.
56

Estimated Residues (cations ppb) and RQ for Single Event/Single Application from Spray Drift

Contamination Rates 5% Direct Drift to 1 A Surface Risk Quotient 

0.25 lb cation/A 0.0125 lb cation/A Invertebrates Acute: 0.002 Fish Acute:

0.76 ppb cation/2M 0.00001

Fish Chronic: 0.003

0.375 lb cation/A 0.0188 lb cation/A Invertebrates Acute: 0.003 Fish Acute:

1.15 ppb cation/2M 0.00008

Fish Chronic: 0.003

0.5 lb cation/A 0.0250 lb cation/A Invertebrate Acute: 0.0036

1.53 ppb cation/2M Fish Acute: 0.0001 

Fish Chronic: 0.008

0.892 lb cation/A 0.0446 lb cation/A Invertebrate Acute: 0.006 

2.72 ppb cation/2M Fish Acute: 0.0002

Fish Chronic: 0.014

4.0 lb cation/A 0.2000 lb cation/A Invertebrate Acute: 0.03 

12.2 ppb cation/2M Fish Acute: 0.0009

Fish Chronic: 0.062

MEAN CHRONIC MATC= PPB, High acute risk RQ 0.5, Restricted use RQ 0.1, 

Endangered Species RQ 0.05 and Chronic RQ 1

Estimated Residues (cations ppb) and RQ from Direct Application to Aquatic Weed Control 

Contamination Rates Residues (EEC) Risk Quotient 

4.0 lb cation/A from aerial or boat 244.0 ppb cation in 2 meters Estu. Invertebrates Acute: 0.6

Invertebrate Acute: 0.3

Fish Acute: 0.02

Fish Chronic: 1.24

Invertebrate Chronic: 5.5

MEAN CHRONIC MATC= PPB, High acute risk RQ 0.5, Restricted useRQ 0.1, Endangered Species RQ 0.05 and Chronic RQ 1

(a) Freshwater Fish

As indicated in the above estimated residue table, High Acute Risk and Endangered

Species acute LOCs for freshwater fish have not been exceeded at the maximum application

rate and for the refined EEC. The Restricted Use LOC for freshwater fish has not been

exceeded for all application rates and for the refined EEC. This indicates that the use of

diquat dibromide does not cause adverse effects to freshwater fish when exposed to the

chemical and/or residues. 

As indicated in the above estimated residue table, the freshwater fish chronic LOC has

been exceeded for aquatic weed control use only and the refined EEC by 1.24 times. 

Adverse impacts are not expected to freshwater fish reproductive success from the use of -

diquat dibromide. 
57

b. Freshwater Invertebrates

As indicated in the above estimated residue table, the freshwater invertebrate acute

LOC has not been exceeded at all application rates and the refined EEC. Therefore,

freshwater aquatic invertebrates are not likely to be adversely affected by the use of diquat

dibromide.

As indicated in the above estimated residue table, the invertebrate chronic LOC has

been exceeded at application rates for aquatic weed control use only by 5.5 times. Adverse

impacts are expected to invertebrate reproductive success from the use of diquat dibromide. 

c. Estuarine and Marine Animals

As indicated in the above estimated residue table, the High Risk and Endangered

Species acute LOCs for fish have not been exceeded for the maximum application rate and for

the refined EEC. The Restricted Use LOC for fish has not been exceeded for all application

rates and for the refined EEC. This indicates that the use of diquat may not cause adverse

effects to fish when exposed to the chemical and/or its' residues. 

4. Exposure and Risk to Nontarget Plants

There is relatively high certainty that drift from aerial spraying of diquat dibromide

will result in adverse effects to plants. There is an element of uncertainty in the terrestrial

plant risk assessment because data from the more sensitive plant species is probably not

available. It is likely that sweet corn and wheat would yield lower EC25's. 

 

Non-target terrestrial plants inhabit non-aquatic areas. Non-target "semi-aquatic" plants

are plants that usually inhabit low-lying wet areas that may or may not be dry at certain times

of the year. These plants are not obligatory aquatic plants in that they do not live in a

continously aquatic environment. The terrestrial and "semi-aquatic" plants are exposed to

pesticides from runoff, drift or volatilization. 

Exposure to non-target aquatic plants may occur through either runoff from terrestrial

sites, or drift from aerial application. Of course, aquatic plants are directly exposed from the

aquatic weed control use. However, since they are the "target area" for that use, risk from

such exposure is not estimated. For the aquatic weed control use, only risk caused by spray

drift from aerial treatment of aquatic weeds is assessed for the non-targets. 

Spray drift exposure is determined by assuming 5% of the pesticide application will

drift over to an adjacent acreage or to a much longer distance. Runoff exposure is determined

from refined EEC from the Agency using PRZM-EXAM with conversions to lb ai/A. This

runoff is characterized as a channelized runoff from 10 acres to a low lying areas (one acre)

some distance away that impacts "semi-aquatic" and terrestrial plants. An estimate of diquat

runoff and its effect on surface water quality was evaluated using PRZM-EXAM models from
58

a typical crop use on potatoes with data from a silt loam soil in Maine. This estimate is a

worst case senario of the entire yearly application of 0.5 lb ai/A (cation ai/A) to highly eroded

soil for 36 years. This assessment includes diquat adsorbed onto eroded soil particles as well

as diquat in the runoff water. The Estimated Environmental Concentrations are 48.4 ppb

cation (0.7934 lb cation/A) just after application and 43.6 ppb cation 90 days after application. 

However, according to the environmental fate data, diquat dibromide binds very

strongly to clay and organic matter in the soil (KOC=100,000 in soil). Diquat is not expected

to be bioavailable to plants once it is attached to soil particles. Therefore, it is assumed that

diquat dibromide once attached to soil particles from runoff will not affect plants. 

Furthermore, no EEC will be made for runoff from terrestrial treatment to non-target

terrestrial plants since it is assumed that impact to terrestrial plants will be minimal. 

The EC50 values of the aquatic plants are from laboratory conditions, in which there

are no soil particles to bond. Therefore, the availablity to aquatic plants would be much

higher than in an environmental setting. Data from the Aquatic Dissipation study shows that

diquat dissipates from the water column in Florida ponds with half-lives of 1-2 days. Since

diquat bonds very tightly to organic matter and soil and the diquat is very stable (does not

degrade); the diquat in the runoff would dissipate rapidly to the soil bottom and not be

readily available to aquatic plants. Therefore, any impact on aquatic plants will come

from aerial application.

The EC value of the most sensitive species in the vegetative vigor study is used for 25

the drift exposure to terrestrial plants. For the aquatic plants, the endpoints are in EC50

values. The risk quotient is derived from the following:

- the most sensitive EC25 value (from cotton) for terrestrial plants is 0.0047 lb

cation/A.

- the most sensitive EC value (from giant duckweed) for vascular aquatic plants is 50

0.0036 lb cation/A when applied at surface of water as in aerial drift.

- the risk quotient is derived from dividing the exposure (EEC) by the toxicity value

(EC or EC ) 25 50

The following aerial EECs have been determined for non-target plants that are

exposed from the labeled application of diquat:
59

Non-Target Vascular Aquatic and Terrestrial Plants Exposure to Diquat

Maximum

Application Rate (lb Spray Drift EEC

cation/A) Use Sites (lb cation/A) Aquatic Terrestrial LOC

Non-Target Plant Risk Quotients

0.25 cantaloupe 0.0125 3.5 2.7 1.0

0.375 cucumber, tomato, 0.0188 5.2 4.0 1.0

watermelon

0.500 pepper, squash, 0.0250

potato, radish, 6.9 5.3 1.0

turnip, soybean,

sorghum

0.892 turf, ornamental 0.0446 12.4 9.5 1.0

4.0 aquatic weed control 0.2000 55.6 42.5 1.0

Endangered and non-endangered plants species have the same LOC which is 1.0.

The possibility of risk to non-target aquatic and terrestrial plants from aerial

application from all sites is relatively high. The data also suggest that exposure from drift

settling on the foliage of aquatic plants represents a greater hazard than if the drift settles on

the water first before exposure to the plants occur. 

(1) Endangered Species

Levels of Concern have been exceeded for endangered species of mammals and birds

from all terrestrial use sites.

Levels of Concern have been exceeded for endangered species of aquatic invertebrates,

estuarine species, and fish from the use of diquat for aquatic weed control. It is recognized

that in places where aquatic weed control is done year after year, endangered species may

have already been eliminated. This cannot be assumed, however. Alternatively, the

possibility of future threat to endangered species may exist if diquat dibromide were to be

applied in new (previously untreated) aquatic ecosystems.

Although Levels of Concern have been exceeded for endangered species of aquatic and

estuarine invertebrates and aquatic plants by runoff exposure from fields of alfalfa, clover,

carrot, pepper, radish, potato, squash, turnip, soybean, or sorghum for endangered species of

aquatic organisms; there is a high degree of uncertainty that endangered species in these

habitats may actually be affected by runoff. The risk quotient was based on exposure

provided by the Agency's EEC model based on erodible potato fields in Maine. However,

other environmental fate data, which the model does not take into account, indicate that the

diquat that moves with the water will actually become biologically unavailable quickly as it

becomes tied up by soil and organic particles. This reduces, significantly, the possiblity of

acute effects, and makes chronic exposure extremely unlikely. Therefore, it is unlikley, in

spite of the relatively large risk quotient, that endangered aquatic organisms (fish,

invertebrates or plants) would be affected from exposure due to runoff alone.
60

Endangered species of aquatic plants may be affected from drift coming from aerial

application of all terrestrial use sites and from aerial application of aquatic weed control. 

Endangered species of aquatic plants in close proximity to aquatic weed control sites that use

diquat may be affected.

Endangered species of terrestrial plants may be affected by drift from aquatic weed

control or turf/ornamental use sites only. 

However, the Endangered Species Protection Program has benn postponed pending

national assessment. Limitations in the use of diquat dibromide will be required to protect

endangered and threatened species, but these limitations have not been defined and may be

formulation specific. EPA anticipates that a consultation with the Fish and Wildlife Service

will be conducted in accordance with the species-based priority approach described in the

Program. After completion of consultation, registrants will be informed if any required label

modifications are necessary. Such modifications would most likely consist of the generic label

statement referring pesticide users to use limitations contained in county Bulletins.

IV. RISK MANAGEMENT AND REREGISTRATION DECISION

A. Determination of Eligibility

Section 4(g)(2)(A) of FIFRA calls for the Agency to determine, after submission of

relevant data concerning an active ingredient, whether products containing the active

ingredients are eligible for reregistration. The Agency has previously identified and required

the submission of the generic (i.e. active ingredient specific) data required to support

reregistration of products containing diquat dibromide active ingredients. The Agency has

completed its review of these generic data, and has determined that the data are sufficient to

support reregistration of all products containing diquat dibromide. Appendix A lists the

registered uses. Appendix B identifies the generic data requirements that the Agency reviewed

as part of its determination of reregistration eligibility of diquat dibromide, and lists the

submitted studies that the Agency found acceptable.

The data identified in Appendix B were sufficient to allow the Agency to assess the

registered uses of diquat dibromide and to determine that diquat dibromide can be used

without resulting in unreasonable adverse effects to humans and the environment. The Agency

therefore finds that all products containing diquat dibromide as the active ingredients are

eligible for reregistration. The reregistration of particular products is addressed in Section V

of this document. 

The Agency made its reregistration eligibility determination based upon the target data

base required for reregistration, the current guidelines for conducting acceptable studies to

generate such data, published scientific literature, etc. and the data identified in Appendix B. 

Although the Agency has found that all uses of diquat dibromide are eligible for reregistration,

it should be understood that the Agency may take appropriate regulatory action, and/or require
61

the submission of additional data to support the registration of products containing diquat

dibromide, if new information comes to the Agency's attention or if the data requirements for

registration (or the guidelines for generating such data) change.

1. Eligibility Decision

Based on the reviews of the generic data for the active ingredients diquat dibromide,

the Agency has sufficient information on the health effects of diquat dibromide and on its

potential for causing adverse effects in fish and wildlife and the environment. 

Therefore, the Agency concludes that products containing diquat dibromide for all uses

are eligible for reregistration. The Agency has determined that diquat dibromide products,

labeled and used as specified in this Reregistration Eligibility Decision, will not pose

unreasonable risks or adverse effects to humans or the environment.

2. Eligible and Ineligible Uses

The Agency has determined that all uses of diquat dibromide are eligible for

reregistration.

B. Regulatory Position

The following is a summary of the regulatory positions and rationales for diquat

dibromide. Where labeling revisions are imposed, specific language is set forth in Section V

of this document.

1. Tolerance Reassessment

Tolerances Listed Under 40 CFR §185.226(a)

The tolerances listed in 40 CFR §180.226(a) are for residues of the plant growth regulator

diquat (6,7-dihydrodipyrido(1,2-a:2', 1'-c)pyrazinediium) derived from application of the

dibromide salt and calculated as the cation. We recommend that this 40 CFR subsection be

amended to read "...residues of the plant growth regulator and herbicide diquat...". 

A tabular outline of tolerance reassessment summary and recommended modifications in

commodity definitions is presented in Table A. Refer to Table B for recommendations

concerning harmonization of U.S. tolerances with Codex MRLs. Based on the available data,

the following conclusions have been made regarding residues of diquat dibromide:

Sufficient data are available to ascertain the adequacy of all established

tolerances listed in 40 CFR §180.226(a) except for sugarcane. The tolerance

for sugarcane was established to support direct application of the dibromide salt

formulation on sugarcane. There are presently no registered direct application
62

uses of diquat dibromide on sugarcane. Therefore, the tolerance for sugarcane

should be revoked.

The established tolerances of 0.1 ppm for potato and 0.02 ppm for milk are

adequate.

The established tolerances of 0.02 ppm for the fat, meat, and meat byproducts

of cattle, goats, hogs, horses, and sheep should be raised to 0.05 ppm to

achieve compatibility with the Codex MRL.

The established 0.02 ppm tolerance level for poultry fat, meat, meat byproduct

and eggs should be raised to 0.05 ppm to achieve compatibility with the Codex

MRL. 

The registrant has proposed tolerances of 5.0 ppm for both alfalfa and clover

seeds. The proposed tolerance level for residues in alfalfa seed appears to be

too high and a new petition with a lower tolerance level of 3.0 ppm has been

submitted. Clover seed are no longer considered to be significant food or feed

items; therefore a tolerance is not required.

The registered uses of diquat dibromide on sorghum and soybean grown for

seed as a preharvest desiccant are supported by adequate field residue data. The

registrant has proposed a tolerance in/on sorghum seed and has committed to do

so for soybeans. The available data support tolerances of 2.0 ppm and 0.2 ppm

for sorghum and soybean seed.

The registered uses of diquat dibromide (i) as a preharvest desiccant on carrot,

radish, and turnip grown for seed, and (ii) as a postharvest desiccant on

cantaloupe, cucumber, pepper, squash, tomato, and watermelon are considered

to be non-food uses. No residue data are required and no tolerances are

needed.

Tolerances Listed Under 40 CFR §185.226(b)

The tolerances listed in 40 CFR §180.226(b) are for residues of diquat calculated as the cation

derived from application of the dibromide salt to ponds, lakes, reservoirs, marshes, drainage

ditches, canals, streams, and rivers which are slow-moving or quiescent in programs of the

Corps of Engineers or other Federal or State public agencies and to ponds, lakes, and drainage

ditches only where there is little or no outflow of water and which are totally under the control

of the user.

Sufficient data are available to ascertain the adequacy of the established

tolerances listed in 40 CFR §180.226(b) for cucurbits vegetables, citrus fruits,

pome fruits, small fruits and berries, stone fruits, cereal grains, forage, fodder,
63

and straw of cereal grains, grass forage, fodder, and hay, foliage of legume

vegetables, tree nuts, root and tuber vegetables, legume vegetables

(succulent/dried); see Table A for modifications in commodity definitions.

The available data indicate that residues of diquat will exceed the established

tolerances of 0.02 ppm for residues in/on Brassica leafy vegetables (represented

by mustard green) and fruiting vegetables (represented by tomato). The

registrant has appropriately proposed higher tolerance levels of 0.05 ppm for

diquat residues in/on fruiting vegetables and Brassica leafy vegetables.

No data are available for the miscellaneous commodities avocado, cottonseed,

hops, and sugarcane for which tolerances currently exist. However, we have

translated from data for other crops. Based on the highest residues found in

other irrigated crops resulting from irrigation with water containing diquat

residues, we have recommended that the registrant propose increased tolerances

from 0.02 ppm to 0.1 ppm for these crops; a petition to this end has been

submitted. If lower tolerances are desired, additional data will be required. 

The established tolerances for diquat residues in fish and shellfish at 0.1 ppm

have, as per Agency recommendation, been proposed to be increased to 2 ppm

and 20 ppm, respectively, based on data reflecting residues of diquat in fish and

shellfish from currently registered uses.

Tolerances Listed Under 40 CFR §185.2500 (a) and (b)

The tolerance listed in 40 CFR §185.2500(a) is for residues of diquat derived from application

of the dibromide salt in potable water of ponds, lakes, reservoirs, marshes, bayous, drainage

ditches, canals, streams, and rivers which are slow-moving or quiescent in programs of the

Corps of Engineers or other Federal and State public agencies.

The tolerance listed in 40 CFR §185.2500(b) is for residues of diquat derived from application

of the dibromide salt and calculated as the cation in potable water of ponds, lakes, and

drainage ditches where there is little or no outflow of water and which are totally under

control of the user.

Since the Agency no longer establishes tolerances for residues in potable water

(47 FR 25746, 12/15/82), the tolerance for diquat dibromide has been replaced

with a designated maximum contaminant level (MCLG). An MCLG of 0.02

mg/L for residues of diquat in potable water has been established (57 FR

31776, 7/17/92). The established tolerance for residues of diquat in potable

water should be revoked.
64

Tolerance Listed Under 40 CFR §185.2500(c)

The tolerance listed in 40 CFR §185.2500(c) is for residues of diquat derived from application

of the dibromide salt and calculated as the cation.

Based on the 12x concentration factor observed in processed potatoes, a higher

tolerance of 1.0 ppm is appropriate for potatoes, granules/flakes and 0.5 ppm

potato chips. The registrant has submitted a petition to this end. 

Tolerance Listed Under 40 CFR §186.2500

The tolerance listed in 40 CFR §186.2500 is for residues of diquat derived from application of

the dibromide salt and calculated as the cation.

The potato processing data indicate that the established feed additive tolerance

for processed potato waste is appropriate.

The soybean processing data indicate that residues of diquat concentrated 2.6x

in soybean hulls processed from soybean bearing detectable residues. No

concentration of residues was observed in other soybean processed fractions. In

accordance with Agency recommendations, the registrant has proposed a feed

additive tolerance for residues of diquat in soybean hulls; a feed additive

tolerance of 0.6 ppm would be appropriate based on a recommended tolerance

of 0.2 ppm for soybean and a concentration factor of 3x in soybean hulls.

The sorghum processing data indicate that residues of diquat concentrated 4x in

sorghum dry milling bran fraction processed from sorghum bearing detectable

residues. According to the revised Table II of Subdivision O's Pesticide

Assessment Guideline (PAG), the only processed commodity entry for sorghum

is flour. Residue data are not needed for flour at this time since sorghum flour

is used exclusively in the U.S. as a component of drywall, and not as either a

human or animal feed item. However, because 50% of the worldwide sorghum

production goes toward human consumption, the Agency reserves the right to

require data if needed at a later date.
65

 Table A. Tolerance Reassessment Summary.

Commodity

Current Tolerance (ppm) Tolerance Reassessment (ppm) Comment/[Correct Commodity Definition]

Tolerances Listed Under 40 CFR §180.226(a)

Cattle, fat 0.02 0.05 The established tolerance for ruminant and

swine commodities may be raised to

achieve compatibility with the Codex

MRL.

The established tolerance for eggs may be

raised to achieve compatibility with the

Codex MRL.

Cattle, mbyp 0.02 0.05

Cattle, meat 0.02 0.05

Eggs 0.02 0.05

Goats, fat 0.02 0.05

Goats, mbyp 0.02 0.05

Goats, meat 0.02 0.05

Hogs, fat 0.02 0.05

Hogs, mbyp 0.02 0.05

Hogs, meat 0.02 0.05

Horses, fat 0.02 0.05

Horses, mbyp 0.02 0.05

Horses, meat 0.02 0.05

Milk 0.02 0.02

Potatoes 0.1 0.1 [Potato]

Poultry, fat 0.02 0.05 The established tolerance for poultry fat,

meat and meat byproducts may be raised to

Poultry, mbyp achieve compatibility with Codex. 0.02 0.05

Poultry, meat 0.02 0.05

Sheep, fat 0.02 0.05 The established tolerance for ruminant

commodities may be raised to achieve

Sheep, mbyp 0.02 0.05 compatibility with Codex.

Sheep, meat 0.02 0.05

Sugarcane 0.05 Revoke No registered direct application uses of

diquat dibromide on sugarcane exist.

Additional Tolerances That Have Been Proposed Under 40 CFR §180.226(a)

Alfalfa seed None 3.0

Sorghum, grain None 2.0
Commodity

Current Tolerance (ppm) Tolerance Reassessment (ppm) Comment/[Correct Commodity Definition]

66

Additional Tolerance that Needs to be Proposed Under 40 CFR §180.226(a)

Soybean, seed None 0.2

olerances Listed Under 40 CFR §180.226(b)

Avocados 0.02 0.1 A higher tolerance has

been proposed based on

available data. Cottonseed 0.02 0.1

Cucurbits 0.02 0.02 [Cucurbits vegetables group]

Fish 0.1 2.0 A higher tolerance has been proposed

based on available data.

Fruits, citrus 0.02 0.02 [Citrus fruits group]

Fruits, pome 0.02 0.02 [Pome fruits group]

Fruits, small 0.02 0.02 [Small fruits and berries group]

Fruits, stone 0.02 0.02 [Stone fruits group]

Grain, crops 0.02 0.02 [Cereal grains group] and [Forage, fodder,

and straw of cereal grains group]

Grasses, forage 0.1 0.1 [Grass forage, fodder, and hay group]

Hops 0.02 0.1 A higher tolerance has been proposed

based on available data.

Legumes, forage 0.1 0.1 [Foliage of legume vegetables group]

Nuts 0.02 0.02 [Tree nuts group]

Shellfish 0.1 20 A higher tolerances has proposed based on

available data.

Sugarcane 0.02 0.1 A higher tolerance has been proposed

based on available data.

Vegetables, fruiting 0.02 0.05 A higher tolerance has been proposed

based on available data.

[Fruiting vegetables (except cucurbits)

group]

Vegetables, leafy 0.02 0.05 A higher tolerance has been proposed

based on available data.

[Leafy except Brassica) group] and

[Brassica leafy vegetables group]

Vegetables, root crop 0.02 0.02 [Root and tuber vegetables group]

Vegetables, seed and pod 0.02 0.02 [Legume vegetables (succulent/dried)

group]

Tolerance Listed Under 40 CFR §185.2500 (a) and (b)

Potable water 0.01 Revoke A maximum contaminant level of 0.02

mg/L for residues of diquat in potable

water has been established.

Tolerances Listed Under 40 CFR §185.2500(c)
Commodity

Current Tolerance (ppm) Tolerance Reassessment (ppm) Comment/[Correct Commodity Definition]

67

Processed potatoes (including potato 0.5 1.0 A higher tolerance is needed based on the

chips) 12x concentration factor observed in dried

potato.[Expressed in terms of potatoes,

granules/flakes at 1.0 ppm and potato chips

at 0.5 ppm]

0.5 0.5

Tolerance Listed Under 40 CFR §186.2600

Processed potato waste 1.0 1.0

Additional Tolerance That Needs To Be Proposed Under 40 CFR §186.2600

Soybean, hulls None 0.6 A tolerance is needed based on a

concentration factor of 3x in soybean

hulls.

CODEX HARMONIZATION

Several maximum residue limits (MRLs) for diquat have been established by Codex in various

commodities. The diquat residues regulated by Codex and the U.S. are equivalent. The

Codex MRLs (currently expressed as the diquat cation) and U.S. tolerances derived from

application of the dibromide salt (calculated as the cation) are listed in Table D.

The U.S. tolerance for eggs, poultry, meat, and offal (mammalian) may be raised to 0.05 ppm

to achieve harmonization. Further harmonization of U.S. tolerances and Codex MRLs on

other commodities are not feasible at this time because of differences in agricultural practices.
68

Table B. Codex MRLs and applicable U.S. tolerances. Recommendations for compatibility are based on

conclusions following reassessments of U.S. tolerances (see Table A).

Commodity (mg/kg) Tolerance (ppm) Recommendation

MRL Reassessed U.S.

a

Barley 5 0.02 Incompatible. In U.S. tolerance is for cereal

grains resulting from inadvertant water

exposure

Beans, shelled 0.5 0.02 Incompatible. As per barley except legume

vegetable group

Cotton seed 1 0.02, (0.1) Incompatible. U.S. use is inadvertant d

irrigation

Cotton seed oil, edible 0.1 None --

Edible offal (Mammalian) 0.05 0.05 Compatibility will exist when current U.S. b

tolerance is raised.

Eggs 0.05 0.05 Compatibility will exist when current U.S. b

tolerance is raised.

Maize 0.1 0.02 same as barley note

Meat 0.05 0.05 Compatibility will exist when current U.S. b

tolerance is raised.

Milks 0.01 0.02 --

b

Onion, Bulb 0.1 0.02 same as barley but root and tuber vegetables

group

Peas, shelled 0.1 0.02 same as barley but root and tuber vegetables

group

Poppy seed 5 None --

Potato 0.2 0.1 --

Rape seed 2 None --

Rapeseed oil, edible 0.1 None --

Rice 5 0.02 same as barley

Rice, husked 0.2 None --

Rice, polished 0.2 None --

Sesame seed oil, edible 0.1 None --

Sorghum 2 (2) compatible as proposed

Sugar beet 0.1 0.02 same as onion, bulb

Sunflower seed 0.5 None ---

Sunflower seed oil, edible 0.1 None --

Vegetables (except...) 0.05 0.02, 0.05 Potentially compatible if all U.S. tolerances c b

are increased to 0.05 ppm, provided those with

higher tolerances are excluded

Wheat 2 0.02 same as barley

Wheat bran, unprocessed 5 None --

Wheat flour 0.2 None --

Wheat whole meal 2 None --

 All diquat MRLs are final (CXL). a

 At or about the limit of detection. b

 Except as otherwise listed. c

 Parenthetic values as proposed. d
69

2. Risk Mitigation Measures

Aquatic Risk Mitigation Measure

The Agency maintains that the current labels for aquatic use of diquat dibromide are

satisfactory to protect aquatic organisms. 

For aquatic use: Apply diquat dibromide to one-third or one-half of the dense weed

areas in a water body to be treated at any one time and recommend subsequent applications

should not be made for a further two weeks.

 

 If diquat dibromide is applied in this fashion, the untreated part of the water body will

act as a refuge for aquatic organisms and allows time for oxygen levels to recover before

further applications are made.

Spray-Drift Risk Mitigation Measure (Non-target plants)

The possibility of risk to non-target aquatic and terrestrial plants from aerial

application for all sites is relatively high. The Agency recommends the use of the best

management practices to minimize Spray Drift. 

Spray Drift Advisory

The Agency has been working with the Spray Drift Task Force, EPA Regional Offices

and State Lead Agencies for pesticide regulation to develop the best spray drift management

practices. The Agency is now requiring interim measures that must be placed on product

labels/labeling as specified in Section V. Once the Spray Drift Task Force completes their

studies, submits data, and the Agency evaluation is complete, there may be further refinement

in spray drift management practices.

3. Endangered Species Statement

The Agency has concerns about the exposure of threatened and endangered mammals

and birds to diquat dibromide in terrestrial use sites as discussed above in the environmental

assessment chapter. In addition, Levels of Concern have been exceeded for endangered

species of aquatic and estuarine invertebrates and aquatic plants by runoff exposure to diquat

dibromide. However, since diquat dibromide binds with soil and organic particles, chronic

exposure seems unlikely. 

Currently, the Agency is developing a program ("The Endangered Species Protection

Program") to identify all pesticides whose use may cause adverse impacts on endangered and

threatened species and to implement measures that will eliminate the adverse impacts. The

program would require use restrictions to protect endangered and threatened species in the

county. Consultations with the Fish and Wildlife Service may be necessary to assess risks to
70

newly listed species or from proposed new uses. In the future, the Agency plans to publish in

the Federal Register a description of the program and have available enforceable countyspecific bulletins. Because the Agency is taking this approach for protecting endangered and

threatened species, it is not imposing label modifications at this time through the RED. Rather,

any requirements for product use modifications will occur in the future under the Endangered

Species Protection Program.

4. Labeling Rationale

Uses within Scope of the Worker Protection Standard

The 1992 Worker Protection Standard for Agricultural Pesticides (WPS) established

certain worker-protection requirements (personal protective equipment, restricted entry

intervals, etc.) to be specified on the label of all products that contain uses within the scope of

the WPS. Uses within the scope of the WPS include all commercial (non-homeowner) and

research used on farms, forests, nurseries, and greenhouse to produce agricultural plants

(including food, feed, and fiber plants, trees, turfgrass, flowers, shrubs, ornamentals, and

seedlings). Uses within the scope include not only uses on plants, but also uses on the soil or

planting medium the plants are (or will be) grown in.

At this time some of the registered uses of diquat are within the scope of the Worker

Protection Standard for Agricultural Pesticides (WPS) and some uses are outside the scope of

the WPS. Those uses that are outside the scope of the WPS include:

Use on sites, such as ornamental gardens, parks, golf courses, and pubic or private

lawns and grounds that are intended only for decorative or environmental benefit. (However,

pesticides used on sod farms ARE covered by the WPS).

Uses not directly related to the production of agricultural plants, for example, involve

control of vegetation along rights-of-way and in other non-crop areas or aquatic weed control

in non-crop sites.

Compliance With The WPS

Any product whose labeling reasonably permits use in the production of an agricultural

plant on any farm, forest, nursery, or greenhouse must comply with the labeling requirements

of PR Notice 93-7, "Labeling Revisions Required by the Worker Protection Standard (WPS),

and PR Notice 93-11, "Supplemental Guidance for PR Notice 93-7, which reflect the

requirements of EPA's labeling regulations for worker protection statements (40 CFR part

156, subpart K). These labeling revisions are necessary to implement the Worker Protection

Standard for Agricultural Pesticides (40 CFR part 170) and must be completed in accordance

with, and within the deadlines specified in, PR Notices 93-7 and 93-11. Unless otherwise

specifically directed in this RED, all statements required by PR Notices 93-7 and 93-11 are to

be on the product label exactly as instructed in those notices.
71

After April 21, 1994, except as otherwise provided in PR Notices 93-7 and

93-11, all products within the scope of those notices must bear WPS PR Notice

complying labeling when they are distributed or sold by the primary registrant

or any supplementally registered distributor.

After October 23, 1995, except as otherwise provided in PR Notices 93-7 and

93-11, all products within the scope of those notices must bear WPS PR Notice

complying labeling when they are distributed or sold by any person.

Personal Protective Equipment/Engineering Controls for Handlers 

Occupational-Use Products (WPS and NonWPS Uses)

For each end-use product, PPE requirements for pesticide handlers will be set during

reregistration in one of two ways: 

1. If EPA has no special concerns about the acute or other adverse effects of an active

ingredient, the PPE for pesticide handlers will be based on the acute toxicity of the

end-use product. For occupational-use products, PPE will be established using the

process described in PR Notice 93-7 or more recent Agency guidelines.

2. If the Agency has special concerns about an active ingredient due to very high acute

toxicity or to certain other adverse effects, such as allergic effects or delayed effects

(cancer, developmental toxicity, reproductive effects, etc): 

In the RED for that active ingredient, the Agency may establish minimum or

"baseline" handler PPE requirements that pertain to all or most occupational

end-use products containing that active ingredient. 

These minimum PPE requirements must be compared with the PPE that would

be designated on the basis of the acute toxicity of each end-use product. 

The more stringent choice for each type of PPE (i.e., bodywear, hand

protection, footwear, eyewear, etc.) must be placed on the label of the end-use

product.

There are special toxicological concerns about diquat dibromide that warrant the establishment

of active-ingredient-based PPE requirements for occupational handlers. The MOE's were

calculated as being acceptable using the assumption that coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and

long pants, and chemical-resistant gloves were worn by all occupational handlers, including

mixers, loaders, and applicators. The use of PPE was not sufficient to reduce the MOE's to

an acceptable level for mixers and loaders using open mixing systems to support aerial

applications. Those MOE's were acceptable only with the use of closed mixing systems. 

There are also special toxicological concerns about diquat dibromide stemming from the

considerable epidemiological data (mostly from California) documenting poisoning incidents

resulting from use of diquat dibromide.
72

Homeowner-Use Products

EPA is not establishing minimum (baseline) handler PPE for diquat dibromide end-use

products that are intended primarily for homeowner use, since the Agency anticipates that the

frequency, duration, and degree of exposure by such users do not warrant the risk mitigation

measures imposed for occupational handlers. Personal protective equipment, if appropriate,

will be established based on the acute toxicity of the end-use product.

Post-Application/Entry Restrictions

Occupational-Use Products (WPS Uses)

Restricted Entry Interval

Under the Worker Protection Standard (WPS), interim restricted entry intervals (REI)

for all uses within the scope of the WPS are established based on the acute toxicity of the

active ingredient. The toxicity categories of the active ingredient for acute dermal toxicity,

eye irritation potential, and skin irritation potential are used to determine the interim WPS

REI. If one or more of the three acute toxicity effects are in toxicity category I, the interim

WPS REI is established at 48 hours. If none of the acute toxicity effects are in category I, but

one or more of the three is classified as category II, the interim WPS REI is established at 24

hours. If none of the three acute toxicity effects are in category I or II, the interim WPS REI

is established at 12 hours. A 48-hour REI is increased to 72 hours when an organophosphate

pesticide is applied outdoors in arid areas. In addition, the WPS specifically retains two types

of REI's established by the Agency prior to the promulgation of the WPS: (1) product-specific

REI's established on the basis of adequate data and (2) interim REI's that are longer than those

that would be established under the WPS.

Occupational Uses (WPS Uses)

For occupational end-use products containing diquat as an active ingredient, the

Agency is requiring a 7-day interim REI pertaining to each use of the product that is within

the scope of the Worker Protection Standard for Agricultural Pesticides. The basis for this

recommendation are the low MOE's following certain exposure scenarios of diquat, the

limited dissapation data regarding post-application exposure and risk from these uses, and

incidence data.

It should be noted that the WPS requirements place very specific restrictions on entry

during restricted-entry intervals, when that entry involves contact with treated surfaces. The

Agency believes that these existing WPS protection measures are sufficient to mitigate postapplication exposures of workers who have contact with surfaces treated with diquat. A 7-day

REI should not pose a significant hardship, since seed-crops are generally treated 5 to 10 days

before harvest and potatoes are treated 7 or more days before harvest. In addition, if the

crops are mechanically harvested and the harvesters and harvest-equipment operators have no

contact with the treated surfaces (soil, foliage, seed or crop being harvested, etc.), the WPS

permits them to enter the treated area during the restricted-entry interval without personal

protective equipment or any other restriction.
73

The WPS REI for diquat dibromide, in effect until now, was 24 hours. The 24-hour

reentry interval was established for these uses by the 1986 Guidance for the Reregistration of

Diquat Dibromide. That reentry interval was converted into a 24-hour restricted-entry

interval through modifications specified in PR Notice 93-7, which implemented the labeling

requirements of the 1992 Worker Protection standard for Agricultural Pesticides.

Early-Entry PPE: The WPS establishes very specific restrictions on entry by workers

to areas that remain under a restricted-entry by workers if the entry involves contact with

treated surfaces. Among those restrictions are a prohibition of routine entry to perform hand

labor tasks and the requirement that personal protective equipment be worn. Personal

protective equipment requirements for persons who must enter areas that remain under a

restricted-entry interval are based on the toxicity concerns about the active ingredient. The

requirements are set in one of two ways.

1. If the Agency has no special concerns about the acute or other adverse effects of

an active ingredient, it establishes the early-entry PPE requirements based on

the acute dermal toxicity, skin irritation potential, and eye irritation potential of

the active ingredient.

2. If the Agency has special concerns about an active ingredient due to very high

acute toxicity or to certain other adverse effects, such as allergic effects,

cancer, developmental toxicity, or reproductive effects, it may establish earlyentry PPE requirements that are more stringent than would be established

otherwise.

Since the 21-day dermal toxicity studies for diquat dibromide indicate toxicity endpoints of

concern and the MOEs for certain handlers tasks are low, the Agency is requiring more

stringent PPE requirements than would be established otherwise. In addition, since diquat is

classified as toxicity category II for eye irritation potential, protective eyewear is also

required. The Agency will not require a respirator for early-entry workers, since the WPS

places very specific restrictions on early entry and these existing WPS protection measures are

sufficient to mitigate post-application inhalation exposures of workers.

Occupational-Use Products (NonWPS Uses)

For occupational end-use products containing diquat as an active ingredient, the Agency is

establishing a 4-day entry restriction for turf uses of the product on nonWPS sites, other than

aquatic sites and spot-treatments at residential sites. The basis for this requirement is the low

MOEs for certain applications of diquat and the post-application exposure assessment for these

uses. Employees (i.e., maintenance workers) at these sites are prohibited for 4 days from

contacting the treated area after application. After the sprays have settled following

application, respiratory protection should not be necessary. The entry restriction in effect

until now was 24 hours, since a 24-hour reentry interval was established for these uses by the

1986 Guidance for the Reregistration of Diquat Dibromide.

For occupational end-use products containing diquat as an active ingredient, the Agency is

retaining the 24-hour swimming prohibition for each use of the product on aquatic sites. The
74

basis for this recommendation is the post-application exposure assessment for swimmers

following aquatic applications. Data demonstrates an aquatic half-life of 1 - 2 days. After that

diquat will be bound to sediment. Swimmers are prohibited from swimming in the treated

water for 24 hours. 

Homeowner-Use Products

For non-occupational (homeowner) end-use products containing diquat as an active ingredient,

the Agency is establishing an entry restriction for spot-treatment applications of the product.

Although the Agency considers the potential for post-application exposures following spot

treatments at residential sites to be low, the Agency intends to further minimize the potential

for such exposures by prohibiting broadcast applications at residential sites. The basis for this

prohibition is the low MOEs for certain applications of diquat and the post-application

exposure assessment for golf-course maintenance personnel following broadcast applications to

turfgrass. The Agency does not consider entry restrictions of specified hours or days feasible

for applications at residential sites.

V. ACTIONS REQUIRED BY REGISTRANTS

This section specifies the data requirements and responses necessary for the

reregistration of both manufacturing-use and end-use products.

A. Manufacturing-Use Products

1. Additional Generic Data Requirements

The generic data base supporting the reregistration of diquat dibromide for the above

eligible uses has been reviewed and determined to be substantially complete. However,

confirmatory data are needed to fulfill requirements for the studies listed below:

Enforcement method - plant and animal commodities (Independent 

Laboratory Validation)

Certain data, which are not part of the target database for diquat, are required

to support the continued registration of diquat dibromide. These data include:

Terrestrial plant studies: vegetative vigor

2. Labelling Requirements for Manufacturing-Use Products

To remain in compliance with FIFRA, manufacturing use product (MP) labeling must

be revised to comply with all current EPA regulations, PR Notices and applicable policies. 

The MP labeling must bear the following statement under Directions For Use:

"Only for formulation into an herbicide, dessicant and plant growth regulator or

the applicable term which describes the type of pesticide uses(s)] for the
75

following uses(s): aquatic, indoor and terrestrial food and non-food, feed crops,

outdoor residential, aquatic non-food industrial uses." 

An MP registrant may, at his/her discretion, add one of the following statements to an

MP label under "Directions for Use" to permit the reformulation of the product for a specific

use or all additional uses supported by a formulator or user group:

(a) "This product may be used to formulate products for specific use(s) not

listed on the MP label if the formulator, user group, or grower has

complied with U.S. EPA submission requirements regarding the support

of such uses(s)."

(b) "This product may be used to formulate products for any additional

use(s) not listed on the MP label if the formulator, user group, or

grower has complied with U.S. EPA submission requirements regarding

the support of such uses(s)."

B. End-Use Products

1. Additional Product-Specific Data Requirements

Section 4(g)(2)(B) of FIFRA calls for the Agency to obtain any needed product-specific

data regarding the pesticide after a determination of eligibility has been made. The product

specific data requirements are listed in Appendix G, the Product Specific Data Call-In Notice.

Registrants must review previous data submissions to ensure that they meet current

EPA acceptance criteria (Appendix F; Attachment E) and if not, commit to conduct new

studies. If a registrant believes that previously submitted data meet current testing standards,

then study MRID numbers should be cited according to the instructions in the Requirement

Status and Registrants Response Form provided for each product.

2. Labeling Requirements for End-Use Products

The labels and labeling of all products must comply with EPA's current regulations and

requirements as specified in 40 CFR §156.10 and other applicable notices.

Occupational/Residential Labeling

PPE Requirements for Pesticide Handlers 

Sole-active-ingredient end-use products that contain diquat dibromide must be revised

to adopt the handler personal protective equipment requirements set forth in this section. Any

conflicting PPE requirements on their current labeling must be removed. 

Multiple-active-ingredient end-use products that contain diquat dibromide must

compare the handler personal protective equipment requirements set forth in this section to the
76

PPE requirements on their current labeling and retain the more protective. For guidance on

which PPE is considered more protective, see PR Notice 93-7.

Products Intended Primarily for Occupational Use

Minimum (baseline) PPE requirements -- Some of the registered uses of diquat

dibromide are within the scope of the Worker Protection Standard for Agricultural Pesticides

(WPS) and some are outside the scope of the WPS. The minimum (baseline) PPE

requirements pertain to both the WPS and nonWPS uses by occupational handlers, since the

potential exposure to occupational handlers is similar for WPS and nonWPS uses. 

The minimum (baseline) PPE for all WPS and nonWPS occupational uses of diquat

dibromide end-use products is: 

"Applicators and other handlers must wear:

--Coveralls over long-sleeved shirt and long pants

--Chemical-resistant gloves (see instructions * below)

--Chemical-resistant footwear plus socks 

--Chemical-resistant headgear for overhead exposure 

--Chemical-resistant apron when cleaning equipment, mixing, or loading" (see

instructions ** below)

--A dust/mist filtering respirator (MSHA/ NIOSH approval number prefix

TC-21C) 

* The glove statement for diquat dibromide is the statement established

through the instructions in Supplement Three of PR Notice 93-7. 

** The words "mixing, or loading" may be removed if the product is

formulated as "ready-to-use."

Actual end-use product PPE requirements -- The PPE that would otherwise be

established based on the acute toxicity of each end-use product must be compared to the

minimum (baseline) personal protective equipment, if any, specified above. The more

protective PPE must be placed on the product labeling. For guidance on which PPE is

considered more protective, see PR Notice 93-7.

Placement in labeling -- The personal protective equipment must be placed on the

end-use product labeling in the location specified in PR Notice 93-7 and the format and

language of the PPE requirements must be the same as is specified in PR Notice 93-7.

Products Intended Primarily for Homeowner Use

Personal protective equipment requirements -- EPA is not establishing minimum

(baseline) handler PPE for diquat dibromide end-use products that are intended primarily for

homeowner use. Personal protective equipment, if appropriate, will be established based on

the acute toxicity of the end-use product.
77

Placement in labeling -- The personal protective equipment requirements, if any, must

be placed on the end-use product labeling immediately following the precautionary statements

in the labeling section "Hazards to Humans (and domestic animals)."

Entry Restrictions

Sole-active-ingredient end-use products that contain diquat dibromide must be

revised to adopt the entry restrictions set forth in this section. Any conflicting entry

restrictions on their current labeling must be removed. 

Multiple-active-ingredient end-use products that contain diquat dibromide must

compare the entry restrictions set forth in this section to the entry restrictions on their

current labeling and retain the more protective. A specific time-period in hours or days

is considered more protective than "sprays have dried" or "dusts have settled."

Products Intended Primarily for Occupational Use

WPS uses

Restricted-entry interval -- A 7-day entry interval (REI) is required for uses within

the scope of the WPS (see PR Notice 93-7) on all end-use products (see tests in PR Notices

93-7 and 93-11). This REI must be inserted into the standardized REI statement required by

Supplement Three of PR Notice 93-7.

Early-entry personal protective equipment (PPE) --

The PPE required for early entry is: 

--coveralls over long-sleeve shirt and long pants, 

--chemical-resistant gloves, 

--chemical-resistant footwear plus socks, 

--chemical-resistant headgear for overhead exposures,

--protective eyewear.

Placement in labeling -- The REI must be inserted into the standardized REI statement

required by Supplement Three of PR Notice 93-7. The PPE required for early entry must be

inserted into the standardized early entry PPE statement required by Supplement Three of PR

Notice 93-7. 

NonWPS uses

Entry restrictions --

For applications to nonWPS sites (other than aquatic sites residential sites),

such as golf courses, parks, etc: 
78

"For 4 days following applications to non-crop areas (other than aquatic or residential

sites), do not allow employees to have contact with the treated plants, except for

contact with their footwear."

For spot-treatment applications to residential sites:

"Do not allow people or pets to touch treated plants until the sprays have dried."

Placement in labeling --

If WPS uses are also on label: Follow the instructions in PR Notice 93-7 for

establishing a Non-Agricultural Use Requirements box and place the appropriate

nonWPS entry restriction in that box.

If no WPS uses are on label: Add the appropriate nonWPS entry restriction to

the labels of all end-use products, except products primarily intended for

homeowner use, in a section in the Directions For Use with the heading: "Entry

Restrictions:" 

Products Intended Primarily for Home Use

Entry restrictions --

"Do not allow people or pets to touch treated plants until the sprays have dried."

Placement in labeling -- Add the entry restriction to the labels of products

primarily intended for homeowner use in a section in the Directions For Use with the heading:

"Entry Restrictions:"

Other Labeling Requirements

Products Intended Primarily for Occupational Use

The Agency is requiring the following labeling statements to be located on all end-use

products containing diquat dibromide that are intended primarily for occupational use.

Application Restrictions:

"Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or

other persons, either directly or through drift. Only protected

handlers may be in the area during application."

Engineering Controls: 

"Mixers and loaders supporting aerial applications are required to

use closed systems. The closed system must be used in a manner

that meets the requirements listed in the Worker Protection
79

Standard (WPS) for agricultural pesticides (40 CFR

170.240(d)(4). When using the closed system, the mixers' and

loaders' PPE requirements may be reduced or modified as

specified in the WPS."

"When handlers use closed systems, enclosed cabs, or aircraft in

a manner that meets the requirements listed in the Worker

Protection Standard (WPS) for agricultural pesticides (40 CFR

170.240(d)(4-6), the handler PPE requirements may be reduced

or modified as specified in the WPS."

User Safety Requirements:

"Follow manufacturer's instructions for cleaning/maintaining

PPE. If no such instructions exist for washables, use detergent

and hot water. Keep and wash PPE separately from other

laundry."

User Safety Recommendations:

"Users should wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum,

using tobacco, or using the toilet."

"Users should remove clothing immediately if pesticide gets

inside. Then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing."

"Users should remove PPE immediately after handling this

product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as

possible, wash thoroughly and change into clean clothing."

Products Intended Primarily for Homeowner Use

The Agency is requiring the following labeling statements to be located on all end-use

products containing diquat dibromide that are intended primarily for homeowner use.

Application Restrictions:

"Do not apply this product in a way that will contact any person

or pet, either directly or through drift. Only persons applying

this product may be in the area during application."

User Safety Recommendations:

"Clothing and protective equipment exposed to this

product should be washed in detergent and hot water.

Such items should be kept and washed separately from

other laundry."
80

"Users should wash hands before eating, drinking,

chewing gum, using tobacco, or using the toilet."

"Users should remove clothing immediately if pesticide

gets inside. Then wash thoroughly and put on clean

clothing."

"Users should remove PPE immediately after handling

this product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing.

As soon as possible, wash thoroughly and change into

clean clothing."

Environmental Hazard

Environmental hazard requires the following label statements:

For products that are for terrestrial nonfood sites, use this precautionary

statement: "This pesticide is toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Do not apply directly

to water, or to areas where surface water is present or to intertidal areas below

the mean high water mark. Do not contaminate water when disposing of

equipment washwater or rinsate."

For products that are for outdoor residential sites, use this precautionary

statement: "This pesticide is toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Do not apply directly

to water."

C. Spray Drift Label Advisory

Aerial Spray Drift Management

The following language must be placed on each product label that can be applied aerially:

SPRAY DRIFT MANAGEMENT

AVOIDING SPRAY DRIFT AT THE APPLICATION SITE IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF

THE APPLICATOR AND THE GROWER.

The interaction of many equipment-and-weather-related factors determine the potential for

spray drift. The applicator and the grower are responsible for considering all these factors

when making decisions.

The following drift management requirements must be followed to avoid off-target movement

from aerial applications to agricultural field crops. These requirements do not apply to

forestry applications, public health uses or to applications using dry formulations. 
81

1. The distance of the outer most nozzles on the boom must not exceed 3/4 the length of

the wingspan or rotor.

2. Nozzles must always point backward parallel with the air stream and never be pointed

downwards more than 45 degrees.

Where states have more stringent regulations, they should be observed.

The applicator should be familiar with and take into account the information covered in the

Aerial Drift Reduction Advisory.

Aerial Drift Reduction Advisory Information

The following aerial drift advisory information must be contained in the product labeling:

[This section is advisory in nature and does not supersede the mandatory label requirements.]

INFORMATION ON DROPLET SIZE

The most effective way to reduce drift potential is to apply large droplets. The best drift

management strategy is to apply the largest droplets that provide sufficient coverage and

control. Applying larger droplets reduces drift potential, but will not prevent drift if

applications are made improperly, or under unfavorable environmental conditions (See Wind,

Temperature and Humidity, and Temperature Inversions).

CONTROLLING DROPLET SIZE

Volume - Use high flow rate nozzles to apply the highest practical spray volume. 

Nozzles with higher rated flows produce larger droplets.

Pressure - Do not exceed the nozzle manufacturer's recommended pressures. For

many nozzle types lower pressure produces larger droplets. When higher flow rates

are needed, use higher flow rate nozzles instead of increasing pressure.

Number of nozzles - Use the minimum number of nozzles that provide uniform

coverage.

Nozzle Orientation - Orienting nozzles so that the spray is released parallel to the

airstream produces larger droplets than other orientations and is the recommended

practice. Significant deflection from horizontal will reduce droplet size and increase

drift potential.

Nozzle Type - Use a nozzle type that is designed for the intended application. With

most nozzle types, narrower spray angles produce larger droplets. Consider using lowdrift nozzles. Solid stream nozzles oriented straight back produce the largest droplets

and the lowest drift.
82

BOOM LENGTH

For some use patterns, reducing the effective boom length to less than 3/4 of the wingspan or

rotor length may further reduce drift without reducing swath width.

APPLICATION HEIGHT

Applications should not be made at a height greater than 10 feet above the top of the target

plants unless a greater height is required for aircraft safety. Making applications at the lowest

height that is safe reduces exposure of droplets to evaporation and wind.

SWATH ADJUSTMENT

When applications are made with a crosswind, the swath will be displaced downwind. 

Therefore, on the up and downwind edges of the field, the applicator must compensate for this

displacement by adjusting the path of the aircraft upwind. Swath adjustment distance should

increase, with increasing drift potential (higher wind, smaller drops, etc.).

WIND

Drift potential is lowest between winds speeds of 3 - 10 mph. However, many factors,

including droplet size and equipment type determine drift potential at any given speed. 

Application should be avoided below 3 mph due to variable wind direction and high inversion

potential. NOTE: Local terrain can influence wind patterns. Every applicator should be

familiar with local wind patterns and how they affect spray drift.

TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY

When making applications in low relative humidity, set up equipment to produce larger

droplets to compensate for evaporation. Droplet evaporation is most severe when conditions

are both hot and dry.

TEMPERATURE INVERSIONS

Applications should not occur during a temperature inversion because drift potential is high. 

Temperature inversions restrict vertical air mixing, which causes small suspended droplets to

remain in a concentrated cloud. This cloud can move in unpredictable directions due to the

light variable winds common during inversions. Temperature inversions are characterized by

increasing temperatures with altitude and are common on nights with limited cloud cover and

light to no wind. They begin to form as the sun sets and often continue into the morning. 

Their presence can be indicated by ground fog; however, if fog is not present, inversions can

also be identified by the movement of smoke from a ground source or an aircraft smoke

generator. Smoke that layers and moves laterally in a concentrated cloud ( under low wind

conditions) indicates an inversion, while smoke that moves upward and rapidly dissipates

indicates good vertical air mixing.
83

SENSITIVE AREAS

The pesticide should only be applied when the wind is blowing away from adjacent sensitive

areas (e.g. residential areas, bodies of water, known habitat for threatened or endangered

species, non-target crops).

D. Labeling for Endangered Species

No use limitations to protect endangered plant species will be suggested until the OPP

Endangered Species Protection Program is complete.

E. Existing Stocks

Registrants may generally distribute and sell products bearing old labels/labeling for 26

months from the date of the issuance of this Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED).

Persons other than the registrant may generally distribute or sell such products for 50 months

from the date of the issuance of this RED. However, existing stocks time frames will be

established case-by-case, depending on the number of products involved, the number of label

changes, and other factors. Refer to "Existing Stocks of Pesticide Products; Statement of

Policy"; Federal Register, Volume 56, No. 123, June 26, 1991.

The Agency has determined that registrants may distribute and sell products bearing

old labels/labeling, i.e., labels absent the modifications specified in this RED document,

except as noted below, for 26 months from the date of issuance of this RED. Persons other

than the registrant may distribute or sell such products for 50 months from the date of the

issuance of this RED. Registrants and persons other than registrants remain obligated to meet

pre-existing Agency imposed label changes and existing stocks requirements applicable to

products they sell or distribute.
84
85

VI. APPENDICES
86
87

APPENDIX A. Table of Use Patterns Subject to Reregistration
88
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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE SYSTEMS Use Group: AQUATIC FOOD CROP

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

placement application., Spring., Weighted C91, CA1

trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

placement application., Summer., Weighted C91, CA1

trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

placement application., When needed., CA1, GK6

Weighted trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Aquatic subsurface injection application., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

When needed., Trailing hose. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Edging treatment., Prebloom., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

Pour-on., When needed., Boat. SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

Shoreline treatment., Prebloom., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 1.66 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 2.16 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92
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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE SYSTEMS (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 .01042 lb (CI) -- *

 SC/L NA .02031 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS NY C40, C88, C90, C91,

 C99

 SC/L NA 1.92 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91

Spray., Foliar., Sprayer. SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 1.245 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 1.5 lb (CI) A * C91

 SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 1.245 lb (CI) A * C91

Water application., Foliar., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .01563 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 1.66 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C90, C91, CAE

Water application., When needed., Boat. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS 14 NS FL C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA 3.486 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 A-ft C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE
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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE SYSTEMS (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA 2.16 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 3.984 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C86, C88, C90, C91

 A-ft

Water treatment (subsurface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Boat.

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 4 lb (CI) A-ft *

 SC/L NA 3.32 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

Water treatment (subsurface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Injection.

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS 14 NS FL C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91
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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE SYSTEMS (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 3.984 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C86, C88, C90, C91

 A-ft

Water treatment (surface)., Spring., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. C91, CA1

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Water treatment (surface)., Summer., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. C91, CA1

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

Aircraft. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Boat.

 SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS NY C40, C88, C90, C91,

Boom sprayer. C99

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Injection.
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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE SYSTEMS (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

Sprayer. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C89, C90, C91

Water treatment., When needed., Helicopter. SC/L NA 20 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

AGRICULTURAL/FARM PREMISES Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD CROP

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

ALFALFA Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FEED CROP

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C14, C46, C86, C92,

Seed crop., Aircraft. C98, CA1, G88, GK6,

 GL5, H03

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C14, C46, C89, C90,

 C91, C92

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C14, C46, C86, C92,

Seed crop., Ground. C98, CA1, G88, GK6,

 GL5, H03

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C14, C46, C89, C90,

 C91, C92

BERMUDAGRASS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FEED CROP

Broadcast., Dormant., Ground. SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS AR C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS LA C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS MS C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS OK

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS OK C46
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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

BERMUDAGRASS (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FEED CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS TX C46

Directed spray., Dormant., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, G74

Directed spray., Dormant., Sprinkler can. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

Directed spray., Dormant., Squeeze RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

applicator.

Spot treatment., Dormant., Sprinkler can. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA * NS NS NS NS NS NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91, GA4

CARROT (INCLUDING TOPS) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD CROP

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS WA C14, C46, GI7,

Preharvest., Aircraft. H01(3)

CLOVER Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FEED CROP

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C14, C46, C86, C92,

Seed crop., Aircraft. C98, CA1, G88, GK6,

 GL5, H03

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C14, C46, C89, C90,

 C91, C92

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C14, C46, C86, C92,

Seed crop., Ground. C98, CA1, G88, GK6,

 GL5, H03

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C14, C46, C89, C90,

 C91, C92

CUCUMBER Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD CROP

Spray., Post-final harvest., Sprayer. SC/L NA .375 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL

 SC/L NA .375 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C46

GREENHOUSES-IN USE Use Group: GREENHOUSE FOOD CROP
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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

GREENHOUSES-IN USE (con't) Use Group: GREENHOUSE FOOD CROP (con't)

Indoor premise treatment., When needed., SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. .013 lb (CI) -- * C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA .01894 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 .01042 lb (CI) -- * C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Indoor premise treatment., When needed., SC/L NA .009727 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

Trigger spray bottle. -- C91, GA4

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

IRRIGATION SYSTEMS Use Group: AQUATIC FOOD CROP

Shoreline treatment., Prebloom., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

Water treatment (subsurface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

Injection. C91
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 8

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

IRRIGATION SYSTEMS (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

Boat. C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91

LAKES/PONDS/RESERVOIRS (WITH HUMAN OR WILDLIFE USE) Use Group: AQUATIC FOOD CROP

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

placement application., Spring., Weighted C91, CA1

trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

placement application., Summer., Weighted C91, CA1

trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

placement application., When needed., CA1, GK6

Weighted trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Aquatic subsurface injection application., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

When needed., Trailing hose. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Edging treatment., Prebloom., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

Injection treatment., When needed., SC/L NA .083 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

Injection. injection C91, GA4

Pour-on., When needed., Boat. SC/L NA 3.984 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91, GA4
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 9

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

LAKES/PONDS/RESERVOIRS (WITH HUMAN OR WILDLIFE USE) (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

Shoreline treatment., Prebloom., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 1.66 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 2.16 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 .01042 lb (CI) -- *

 SC/L NA .02031 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS NY C40, C88, C90, C91,

 C99

 SC/L NA 1.92 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91

Spray., Foliar., Sprayer. SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 1.245 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 1.5 lb (CI) A * C91

 SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 1.245 lb (CI) A * C91

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA 1.92 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91

Water application., Foliar., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 10

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

LAKES/PONDS/RESERVOIRS (WITH HUMAN OR WILDLIFE USE) (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA .01563 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 1.66 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C90, C91, CAE

Water application., When needed., Boat. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS 14 NS FL C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, C92

 SC/L NA 3.486 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 A-ft C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA 2.16 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 3.984 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C86, C88, C90, C91

 A-ft

Water treatment (subsurface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Boat.

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 4 lb (CI) A-ft *

 SC/L NA 3.32 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 11

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

LAKES/PONDS/RESERVOIRS (WITH HUMAN OR WILDLIFE USE) (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC FOOD CROP (con't)

Water treatment (subsurface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Injection.

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS 14 NS FL C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 4 lb (CI) A-ft * C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 3.84 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS NS NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

 injection C91

 SC/L NA 3.984 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C86, C88, C90, C91

 A-ft

Water treatment (surface)., Spring., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. C91, CA1

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Water treatment (surface)., Summer., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. C91, CA1

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 12

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

LAKES/PONDS/RESERVOIRS (WITH HUMAN OR WILDLIFE USE) (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC FOOD CROP (con't)

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

Aircraft. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Boat.

 SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS NY C40, C88, C90, C91,

Boom sprayer. C99

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Injection.

 SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

Sprayer. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 1.92 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91

Water treatment., When needed., Helicopter. SC/L NA 20 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

MELONS, CANTALOUPE Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD CROP

Spray., Post-final harvest., Sprayer. SC/L NA .25 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL

 SC/L NA .25 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C46

MELONS, WATER Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD CROP

Spray., Post-final harvest., Sprayer. SC/L NA .375 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL

 SC/L NA .375 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C46
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 13

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

PEPPER Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD CROP

Spray., Post-final harvest., Sprayer. SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C46

POTATO, WHITE/IRISH Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD+FEED CROP

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS ID C46

Preharvest., Aircraft. (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS MN C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS MT C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS ND C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS NE C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS NV C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS OR C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS WA C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS WI C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr NS .5 lb NS NS MN C46, H01(7)

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr NS .5 lb NS NS MT C46, H01(7)

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr NS .5 lb NS NS NV C46, H01(7)

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr NS .5 lb NS NS OR C46, H01(7)

 (CI)

 SC/L NA NA * 1 NS NS NS NS NS ND C46, H01(7)
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 14

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

POTATO, WHITE/IRISH (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD+FEED CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA .25 lb (CI) A * 3 NS .75 lb NS 5 NS ME C46, GK6

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .25 lb (CI) A * NS NS .75 lb NS 5 NS ME

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS .75 lb NS 5 NS MI C46, H01(7)

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .25 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS 5 7 C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .25 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS 5 NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6, H01(7)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS 5 NS ME C46, GK6, H01(7)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS 5 NS MI C46, H01(7)

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS ID C46

Preharvest., Ground. (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS MN C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS MT C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS ND C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS NE C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS NV C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS OR C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS WA C46

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr .5 lb NS NS NS WI C46

 (CI)
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 15

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

POTATO, WHITE/IRISH (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD+FEED CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr NS .5 lb NS NS MN C46, H01(7)

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr NS .5 lb NS NS MT C46, H01(7)

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr NS .5 lb NS NS NV C46, H01(7)

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * 1 1/1 yr NS .5 lb NS NS OR C46, H01(7)

 (CI)

 SC/L NA NA * 1 NS NS NS NS NS ND C46, H01(7)

 SC/L NA .25 lb (CI) A * 3 NS .75 lb NS 5 NS ME

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .25 lb (CI) A * 3 NS .75 lb NS 5 NS ME C46, GK6

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS .75 lb NS 5 NS MI C46, H01(7)

 (CI)

 SC/L NA .25 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS 5 7 C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .25 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS 5 NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6, H01(7)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS 5 NS ME C46, GK6, H01(7)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS 5 NS MI C46, H01(7)

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA * 1 1/1 yr NS .5 lb NS NS OR C46, H01(7)

Preharvest., Sprayer. (CI)

Spray., Preemergence., Sprayer. SC/L NA .25 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS ME C46

Spray., Preplant., Sprayer. SC/L NA .25 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS ME C46

RADISH Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD CROP

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS WA C14, C46, GI7,

Preharvest., Aircraft. H01(3)
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 16

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

SORGHUM Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD+FEED CROP

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS 7 C14, C46, C89, C90,

Seed crop., Aircraft. C91, C92

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C14, C46, C86, C92,

 C98, CA1, G88, GK6,

 GL5, H01(14)

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS 7 C14, C46, C89, C90,

Seed crop., Ground. C91, C92

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C14, C46, C86, C92,

 C98, CA1, G88, GK6,

 GL5, H01(14)

SOYBEANS (UNSPECIFIED) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD+FEED CROP

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS 1 C14, C46, C86, C92,

Seed crop., Aircraft. C98, CA1, G88, GK6,

 GL5, H01(7)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS 7 C14, C46, C89, C90,

 C91, C92, G88, GI7

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS 1 C14, C46, C86, C92,

Seed crop., Ground. C98, CA1, G88, GK6,

 GL5, H01(7)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS 7 C14, C46, C89, C90,

 C91, C92, G88, GI7

SQUASH (ALL OR UNSPECIFIED) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD CROP

Spray., Post-final harvest., Sprayer. SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C46

STORAGE AREAS-EMPTY Use Group: INDOOR FOOD

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 17

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

FOOD/FEED USES (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

STORAGE AREAS-EMPTY (con't) Use Group: INDOOR FOOD (con't)

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

STORAGE AREAS-FULL Use Group: INDOOR FOOD

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

TOMATO Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD+FEED CROP

Spray., Post-final harvest., Sprayer. SC/L NA .375 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C46

 SC/L NA .375 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS GA C46

 SC/L NA .375 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS PR C46

TURNIP Use Group: TERRESTRIAL FOOD CROP

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS WA C14, C46, GI7,

Preharvest., Aircraft. H01(3)

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

AGRICULTURAL FALLOW/IDLELAND Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 18

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

AGRICULTURAL FALLOW/IDLELAND (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .02031 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

AGRICULTURAL RIGHTS-OF-WAY/FENCEROWS/HEDGEROWS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .02031 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C90, C91

AGRICULTURAL UNCULTIVATED AREAS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 19

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

AGRICULTURAL UNCULTIVATED AREAS (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .02031 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

AGRICULTURAL/FARM STRUCTURES/BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENT Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

AIRPORTS/LANDING FIELDS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

AQUATIC AREAS/WATER Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD OUTDOOR

Water treatment (subsurface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C88, C90, C91

Injection.

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C88, C90, C91

Boat.

COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL LAWNS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Directed spray., When needed., Trigger spray RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

bottle.

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprinkler can. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

COMMERCIAL/INSTITUTIONAL/INDUSTRIAL PREMISES/EQUIPMENT (OUTDOOR) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Directed spray., When needed., Trigger spray RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAE

bottle.

 RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 20

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

COMMERCIAL/INSTITUTIONAL/INDUSTRIAL PREMISES/EQUIPMENT (OUTDOOR) (con' Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP (con't)

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

Spray., When needed., Trigger spray bottle. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, G74

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, G74

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprinkler can. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

 Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Directed spray., When needed., Trigger spray RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS C92

bottle.

DRAINAGE SYSTEMS Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD INDUSTRIAL

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

placement application., Spring., Weighted C91, CA1

trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

placement application., Summer., Weighted C91, CA1

trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

placement application., When needed., CA1, GK6

Weighted trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Aquatic subsurface injection application., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

When needed., Trailing hose. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Edging treatment., Prebloom., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 21

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

DRAINAGE SYSTEMS (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD INDUSTRIAL (con't)

Pour-on., When needed., Boat. SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

Shoreline treatment., Prebloom., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 1.66 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 2.16 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 .01042 lb (CI) -- *

 SC/L NA .02031 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS NY C40, C88, C90, C91,

 C99

 SC/L NA 1.92 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91

Shoreline treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

Spray., Foliar., Sprayer. SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 1.245 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 1.5 lb (CI) A * C91

 SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 1.245 lb (CI) A * C91
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 22

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

DRAINAGE SYSTEMS (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD INDUSTRIAL (con't)

Water application., Foliar., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .01563 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 1.66 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C90, C91, CAE

Water application., When needed., Boat. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS 14 NS FL C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 3.486 lb (CI) * C91

 A-ft

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA 2.16 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 3.984 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C86, C88, C90, C91

 A-ft

Water treatment (subsurface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Boat.

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 4 lb (CI) A-ft *

 SC/L NA 3.32 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 23

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

DRAINAGE SYSTEMS (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD INDUSTRIAL (con't)

Water treatment (subsurface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Injection.

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS 14 NS FL C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 3.984 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C86, C88, C90, C91

 A-ft

Water treatment (surface)., Spring., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. C91, CA1

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Water treatment (surface)., Summer., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. C91, CA1

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

Aircraft. CA1, GK6
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 24

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

DRAINAGE SYSTEMS (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD INDUSTRIAL (con't)

 SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Boat.

 SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS NY C40, C88, C90, C91,

Boom sprayer. C99

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Injection.

 SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

Sprayer. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C89, C90, C91

Water treatment., When needed., Helicopter. SC/L NA 20 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

FENCEROWS/HEDGEROWS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Directed spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Directed spray., When needed., Trigger spray SC/L NA .004215 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

bottle. -- C91, GA4

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .005078 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 --

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 25

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

FENCEROWS/HEDGEROWS (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 .013 lb (CI) -- * C91

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA .008 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .54 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91

GOLF COURSE TURF Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Broadcast., Dormant., Ground. SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS AR C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS LA C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS MS C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS OK

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS OK C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C46

Desiccation. Use Pesticide Type code "43"., SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS CA C46, G68

Pre-renovation, Ground.

Golf course treatment., When needed., SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. C91

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 26

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

GOLF COURSE TURF (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA .01894 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS

 SC/L NA .892 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91, GA4

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 .008 lb (CI) -- * C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .54 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C90, C91

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .004215 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 -- C91, GA4

GREENHOUSE-EMPTY Use Group: INDOOR NON-FOOD

Indoor premise treatment., When needed., SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. .013 lb (CI) -- * C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 27

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

GREENHOUSE-EMPTY (con't) Use Group: INDOOR NON-FOOD (con't)

 SC/L NA .01894 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 .01042 lb (CI) -- * C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Indoor premise treatment., When needed., SC/L NA .009727 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

Trigger spray bottle. -- C91, GA4

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .004215 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 --

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

HOUSEHOLD/DOMESTIC DWELLINGS OUTDOOR PREMISES Use Group: OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Directed spray., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Directed spray., When needed., Sprinkler RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

can.
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 28

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

HOUSEHOLD/DOMESTIC DWELLINGS OUTDOOR PREMISES (con't) Use Group: OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

Directed spray., When needed., Squeeze RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

applicator.

Directed spray., When needed., Tank. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

Directed spray., When needed., Trigger spray RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

bottle.

 RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAE

 RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

 RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS

 sq.ft

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

 RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 .01016 lb (CI) -- *

 SC/L NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS

 sq.ft

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprinkler RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

can.

Spray., When needed., Hose-end sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

Spray., When needed., Sprinkler can. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 29

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

HOUSEHOLD/DOMESTIC DWELLINGS OUTDOOR PREMISES (con't) Use Group: OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

Spray., When needed., Tank-type sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE

Spray., When needed., Trigger spray bottle. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, G74

 SC/L NA .004215 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

 -- C91, GA4

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, G74

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprinkler can. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

INDUSTRIAL AREAS (OUTDOOR) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 .008 lb (CI) -- * C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C90, C91

INTERMITTENTLY FLOODED AREAS/WATER Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD OUTDOOR

Edging treatment., Prebloom., Sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

Spray., Foliar., Sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 30

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

INTERMITTENTLY FLOODED AREAS/WATER (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD OUTDOOR (con't)

Water treatment (subsurface)., When needed., SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

Boat.

LAKES/PONDS/RESERVOIRS (WITHOUT HUMAN OR WILDLIFE USE) Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD INDUSTRIAL

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

placement application., Spring., Weighted C91, CA1

trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

placement application., Summer., Weighted C91, CA1

trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

placement application., When needed., CA1, GK6

Weighted trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Aquatic subsurface injection application., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

When needed., Trailing hose. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Edging treatment., Prebloom., Sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

Pour-on., When needed., Boat. SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

Shoreline treatment., Prebloom., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 1.66 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 31

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

LAKES/PONDS/RESERVOIRS (WITHOUT HUMAN OR WILDLIFE USE) (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD INDUSTRIAL (con't)

 SC/L NA 2.16 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .02031 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS NY C40, C88, C90, C91,

 C99

 SC/L NA 1.92 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91

Spray., Foliar., Sprayer. SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 1.245 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 1.5 lb (CI) A * C91

 SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 1.245 lb (CI) A * C91

Water application., Foliar., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .01563 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 1.66 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C90, C91, CAE

Water application., When needed., Boat. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS 14 NS FL C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 32

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

LAKES/PONDS/RESERVOIRS (WITHOUT HUMAN OR WILDLIFE USE) (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD INDUSTRIAL (con't)

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 3.486 lb (CI) * C91

 A-ft

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA 2.16 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 3.984 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C86, C88, C90, C91

 A-ft

Water treatment (subsurface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Boat.

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 4 lb (CI) A-ft *

 SC/L NA 3.32 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

Water treatment (subsurface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Injection.

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS 14 NS FL C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 33

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

LAKES/PONDS/RESERVOIRS (WITHOUT HUMAN OR WILDLIFE USE) (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD INDUSTRIAL (con't)

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 4 lb (CI) A-ft * C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 3.984 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C86, C88, C90, C91

 A-ft

Water treatment (surface)., Spring., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. C91, CA1

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Water treatment (surface)., Summer., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. C91, CA1

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

Aircraft. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Boat.

 SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 34

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

LAKES/PONDS/RESERVOIRS (WITHOUT HUMAN OR WILDLIFE USE) (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD INDUSTRIAL (con't)

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS NY C40, C88, C90, C91,

Boom sprayer. C99

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS 14 1 C86, C90, C91

Injection.

 SC/L NA 4.2 lb (CI) A-ft * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

Sprayer. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C89, C90, C91

Water treatment., When needed., Helicopter. SC/L NA 20 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C46

 SC/L NA 20 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

NONAGRICULTURAL OUTDOOR BUILDINGS/STRUCTURES Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Directed spray., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .009727 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 -- C91, GA4

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Directed spray., When needed., Sprinkler RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

can.

Directed spray., When needed., Squeeze RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

applicator.

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

 RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .005078 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 --

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 35

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

NONAGRICULTURAL OUTDOOR BUILDINGS/STRUCTURES (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP (con't)

 RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 .01016 lb (CI) -- *

Spray., When needed., Hose-end sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01894 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 .008 lb (CI) -- * C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .54 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 36

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

NONAGRICULTURAL OUTDOOR BUILDINGS/STRUCTURES (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C90, C91

Spray., When needed., Sprinkler can. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE

Spray., When needed., Tank-type sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE

 Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

NONAGRICULTURAL RIGHTS-OF-WAY/FENCEROWS/HEDGEROWS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 .008 lb (CI) -- * C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Directed spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .009727 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 -- C91, GA4

Directed spray., When needed., Tank. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

Directed spray., When needed., Trigger spray SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

bottle.

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 37

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

NONAGRICULTURAL RIGHTS-OF-WAY/FENCEROWS/HEDGEROWS (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01894 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C90, C91

Spray., When needed., Trigger spray bottle. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, G74

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, G74

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprinkler can. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

NONAGRICULTURAL UNCULTIVATED AREAS/SOILS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Directed spray., When needed., Sprinkler RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

can.

Directed spray., When needed., Squeeze RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

applicator.

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

 SC/L NA .005078 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 --

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprinkler RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

can.

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 38

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

NONAGRICULTURAL UNCULTIVATED AREAS/SOILS (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 .008 lb (CI) -- * C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C90, C91

NONAGRICUTURAL UNCULTIVATED SOIL STERILIZATION Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C88, C90, C91

 Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

ORNAMENTAL AND/OR SHADE TREES Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87, CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprinkler can. SC/L NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS AN NS C, C87, CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Directed spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 39

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

ORNAMENTAL AND/OR SHADE TREES (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .005078 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 --

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 .01016 lb (CI) -- *

Spray., When needed., Hose-end sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .54 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .2 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C90, C91

Spray., When needed., Sprinkler can. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE

Spray., When needed., Tank-type sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 40

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

ORNAMENTAL AND/OR SHADE TREES (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE

Spray., When needed., Trigger spray bottle. SC/L NA .004215 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 -- C91, GA4

ORNAMENTAL HERBACEOUS PLANTS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .005078 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 --

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .008 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .54 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C90, C91

Spray., When needed., Trigger spray bottle. SC/L NA .004215 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 -- C91, GA4

ORNAMENTAL LAWNS AND TURF Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 41

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

ORNAMENTAL LAWNS AND TURF (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .005078 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 --

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01894 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .54 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C90, C91

Spray., When needed., Trigger spray bottle. SC/L NA .004215 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 -- C91, GA4

ORNAMENTAL NONFLOWERING PLANTS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .005078 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 --

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 42

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

ORNAMENTAL NONFLOWERING PLANTS (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .54 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C90, C91

Spray., When needed., Trigger spray bottle. SC/L NA .004215 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 -- C91, GA4

ORNAMENTAL PONDS/AQUARIA Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD RESIDENTIAL

Injection treatment., When needed., SC/L NA .083 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

Injection. injection C91, GA4

Pour-on., When needed., Boat. SC/L NA 3.984 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91, GA4

ORNAMENTAL WOODY SHRUBS AND VINES Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. SC/L NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87, CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprinkler can. SC/L NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87, CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 43

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

ORNAMENTAL WOODY SHRUBS AND VINES (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

Directed spray., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS

 sq.ft

Directed spray., When needed., Trigger spray RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

bottle.

 RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAE

 RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .005078 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 --

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 .01016 lb (CI) -- *

 SC/L NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS

 sq.ft

Spray., When needed., Hand held sprayer. RTU NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

Spray., When needed., Hose-end sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Spray., When needed., Mechanical sprayer. RTU NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 44

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

ORNAMENTAL WOODY SHRUBS AND VINES (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01894 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 .01042 lb (CI) -- * C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .54 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C90, C91

Spray., When needed., Sprinkler can. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE

Spray., When needed., Squeeze applicator. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

Spray., When needed., Tank-type sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE

Spray., When needed., Trigger spray bottle. SC/L NA .004215 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 -- C91, GA4

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprinkler can. RTU NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 45

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

PATHS/PATIOS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Directed spray., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .009727 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 -- C91, GA4

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Directed spray., When needed., Sprinkler RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

can.

Directed spray., When needed., Squeeze RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

applicator.

Directed spray., When needed., Tank. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

Directed spray., When needed., Trigger spray RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

bottle.

 RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAE

 RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

 RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .005078 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 --

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

 RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 .01016 lb (CI) -- *
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 46

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

PATHS/PATIOS (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprinkler RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

can.

Spray., When needed., Hose-end sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .005078 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 --

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01894 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 .01042 lb (CI) -- * C91

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .54 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C90, C91

Spray., When needed., Sprinkler can. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 47

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

PATHS/PATIOS (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

Spray., When needed., Tank-type sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE

Spray., When needed., Trigger spray bottle. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, G74

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, G74

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprinkler can. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

PAVED AREAS (PRIVATE ROADS/SIDEWALKS) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Directed spray., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .009727 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 -- C91, GA4

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA .01016 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Directed spray., When needed., Sprinkler RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

can.

Directed spray., When needed., Squeeze RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

applicator.

Directed spray., When needed., Tank. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

Directed spray., When needed., Trigger spray RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

bottle.

 RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAE

 RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

Edging treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

 RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 48

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

PAVED AREAS (PRIVATE ROADS/SIDEWALKS) (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

 SC/L NA .005078 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 --

 SC/L NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS

 sq.ft

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C87

 RTU NA .05 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG

 sq.ft

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 CAE

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 .01016 lb (CI) -- *

 SC/L NA .02 lb (CI) 1K * NS NS NS NS NS NS

 sq.ft

Spot treatment., When needed., Sprinkler RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, GL8

can.

Spray., When needed., Hose-end sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91

 SC/L NA .005078 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C88, C90, C91

 --

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C86, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01894 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 .01042 lb (CI) -- * C91
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 49

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

PAVED AREAS (PRIVATE ROADS/SIDEWALKS) (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD+OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL (con't)

 SC/L NA 1 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .54 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .01042 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C86, C89, C90, C91,

 C92

 SC/L NA .013 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C90, C91

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C90, C91, CAE

 SC/L NA .01038 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS C86, C88, C90, C91

Spray., When needed., Sprinkler can. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE

Spray., When needed., Squeeze applicator. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

Spray., When needed., Tank-type sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C92

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE

Spray., When needed., Trigger spray bottle. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, G74

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS CAE, CAG, G74

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprinkler can. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

 SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS NS NS

RECREATION AREA LAWNS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Broadcast., Dormant., Ground. SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS AR C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS LA C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS MS C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS OK

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS OK C46
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 50

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

RECREATION AREA LAWNS (con't) Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP (con't)

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS TX C46

RECREATIONAL AREAS Use Group: TERRESTRIAL NON-FOOD CROP

Broadcast., Dormant., Ground. SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS AR C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS LA C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS MS C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS OK

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS OK C46

 SC/L NA .5 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C46

Injection treatment., When needed., SC/L NA .083 lb (CI) * NS NS NS NS AN NS C46, C86, C88, C90,

Injection. injection C91, GA4

Pour-on., When needed., Boat. SC/L NA 3.984 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN 1 C46, C86, C88, C90,

 C91, GA4

RESIDENTIAL LAWNS Use Group: OUTDOOR RESIDENTIAL

Directed spray., When needed., Trigger spray RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

bottle.

Spray., When needed., Sprayer. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

Sprinkle., When needed., Sprinkler can. RTU NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS CAG

STREAMS/RIVERS/CHANNELED WATER Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD OUTDOOR

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

placement application., Spring., Weighted C91, CA1

trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

placement application., Summer., Weighted C91, CA1

trailing hose.
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 51

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

STREAMS/RIVERS/CHANNELED WATER (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD OUTDOOR (con't)

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Aquatic deep water injection/bottom SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

placement application., When needed., CA1, GK6

Weighted trailing hose.

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Aquatic subsurface injection application., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

When needed., Trailing hose. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Edging treatment., Prebloom., Sprayer. SC/L NA 2 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C89, C90, C91

Pour-on., When needed., Boat. SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

 CA1, GK6

Shoreline treatment., Prebloom., Sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

Spray., Foliar., Sprayer. SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

Water treatment (subsurface)., When needed., SC/L NA UC * NS NS NS NS AN NS C88, C89, C90, C91

Boat.

Water treatment (surface)., Spring., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. C91, CA1

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Water treatment (surface)., Summer., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS AL C07, C88, C89, C90,

Sprayer. C91, CA1

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS TN C07, C88, C89, C90,

 C91, CA1

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

Aircraft. CA1, GK6

 SC/L NA 1.5 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91

Water treatment (surface)., When needed., SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C46, C86, C92, C98,

Sprayer. CA1, GK6
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 52

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SITE Application Type, Application Form(s) Min. Appl. Max. Appl. Soil Max. # Apps Max. Dose [(AI Min. Restr. Geographic Limitations Use

 Timing, Application Equipment ) Rate (AI un- Rate (AI Tex. @ Max. Rate unless noted Interv Entry Allowed Disallowed Limitations

 Surface Type (Antimicrobial only) & Effica- less noted unless noted Max. /crop /year otherwise)/A] (days) Interv Codes

 cy Influencing Factor (Antimicrobial only) otherwise) otherwise) Dose cycle /crop /year [day(s)]

 cycle

USES ELIGIBLE FOR REREGISTRATION

NON-FOOD/NON-FEED (con't)

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

STREAMS/RIVERS/CHANNELED WATER (con't) Use Group: AQUATIC NON-FOOD OUTDOOR (con't)

 SC/L NA 4 lb (CI) A * NS NS NS NS AN NS FL C89, C90, C91

Water treatment., When needed., Helicopter. SC/L NA 20 lb (CI) -- * NS NS NS NS NS NS FL C89, C90, C91
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 53

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LEGEND

444444

 HEADER ABBREVIATIONS

 Min. Appl. Rate (AI unless : Minimum dose for a single application to a single site. System calculated. Microbial claims only.

 noted otherwise)

 Max. Appl. Rate (AI unless : Maximum dose for a single application to a single site. System calculated.

 noted otherwise)

 Soil Tex. Max. Dose : Maximum dose for a single application to a single site as related to soil texture (Herbicide claims only).

 Max. # Apps @ Max. Rate : Maximum number of Applications at Maximum Dosage Rate. Example: "4 applications per year" is expressed as "4/1 yr"; "4 applications per 3 

 years" is expressed as "4/3 yr" 

 Max. Dose [(AI unless : Maximum dose applied to a site over a single crop cycle or year. System calculated.

 noted otherwise)/A]

 Min. Interv (days) : Minimum Interval between Applications (days)

 Restr. Entry Interv (days) : Restricted Entry Interval (days)

 PRD Report Date : LUIS contains all products that were active or suspended (and that were available from OPP Document Center) as of this date. Some products

 registered after this date may have data included in this report, but LUIS does not guarantee that all products registered after this date have

 data that has been captured.

 SOIL TEXTURE FOR MAX APP. RATE

 * : Non-specific

 C : Coarse

 M : Medium

 F : Fine

 O : Others

 FORMULATION CODES

 RTU : LIQUID-READY TO USE

 SC/L : SOLUBLE CONCENTRATE/LIQUID

 ABBREVIATIONS 

 AN : As Needed

 NA : Not Applicable

 NS : Not Specified (on label)

 UC : Unconverted due to lack of data (on label), or with one of following units: bag, bait, bait block, bait pack, bait station, bait station(s), block, briquet, 

 briquets, bursts, cake, can, canister, capsule, cartridges, coil, collar, container, dispenser, drop, eartag, grains, lure, pack, packet, packets, pad, part, 

 parts, pellets, piece, pieces, pill, pumps, sec, sec burst, sheet, spike, stake, stick, strip, tab, tablet, tablets, tag, tape, towelette, tray, unit, -- 

 

 APPLICATION RATE

 DCNC : Dosage Can Not be Calculated

 No Calc : No Calculation can be made

 W : PPM calculated by weight

 V : PPM Calculated by volume

 U : Unknown whether PPM is given by weight or by volume

 cwt : Hundred Weight

 nnE-xx : nn times (10 power -xx); for instance, "1.234E-04" is equivalent to ".0001234"

 USE LIMITATIONS CODES

 C : 

 C07 : Do not apply within __ yard(s) of potable water intake.

 C14 : Grown for seed only.

 C40 : Do not apply by aircraft.

 C46 : Do not apply through any type of irrigation system.

 C86 : Do not apply directly to water except as specified on the product label.

 C87 : Do not apply directly to water or wetlands, or where runoff is likely to occur.
Report Run Date: 03/15/95 ) Time 09:50 APPENDIX A ) CASE 0288, [Diquat Dibromide] Chemical 032201 [Diquat dibromide] LUIS 2.0 ) Page 54

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 USE LIMITATIONS CODES (Cont.)

 C88 : Do not use treated water for domestic purposes until __ day(s) after treatment.

 C89 : Do not use treated water for drinking purposes until __ day(s) after treatment.

 C90 : Do not use treated water for spraying or irrigation within __ day(s) after treatment.

 C91 : Do not use treated water for animal consumption within __ day(s) after treatment.

 C92 : For terrestrial uses, do not apply directly to water or to areas where surface water is present or to intertidal areas below the mean high water mark.

 C98 : Do not apply in areas where commercial fish processing, resulting in the production of fish protein concentrate or fish meal, is practiced.

 C99 : Do not treat water where depth is __ feet or less.

 CA1 : Aquatic applications are allowed only by the Corps of Engineers or other Federal or State Public Agencies, or contractors or licensees under their direct control.

 CAE : Do not apply directly to water or wetlands (swamps, bogs, marshes, and potholes).

 CAG : Do not apply where runoff is likely to occur.

 G68 : Do not graze livestock on treated fields or feed treated trash.

 G74 : Do not feed treated foliage to livestock or graze treated areas.

 G88 : Do not graze or feed forage.

 GA4 : Do not feed treated forage to livestock.

 GI7 : Do not use seed for food, feed or oil purposes.

 GK6 : Do not feed forage from treated areas.

 GL5 : Do not use seed from treated plants for food or feed.

 GL8 : Do not allow the feeding or grazing of foliage by livestock.

 H01 : __ day(s) preharvest interval.

 H03 : Preharvest interval not located on the label.

 * NUMBER IN PARENTHESES REPRESENTS THE NUMBER OF TIME UNITS (HOURS,DAYS, ETC.) DESCRIBED IN THE LIMITATION.

 GEOGRAPHIC CODES

 AL : Alabama

 AR : Arkansas

 CA : California

 FL : Florida

 GA : Georgia

 ID : Idaho

 LA : Louisiana

 ME : Maine

 MI : Michigan

 MN : Minnesota

 MS : Mississippi

 MT : Montana

 ND : North Dakota

 NE : Nebraska

 NV : Nevada

 NY : New York

 OK : Oklahoma

 OR : Oregon

 PR : Puerto Rico

 TN : Tennessee

 TX : Texas

 WA : Washington

 WI : Wisconsin
143

APPENDIX B. Table of the Generic Data Requirements

and Studies Used to Make the Reregistration Decision
144
145

GUIDE TO APPENDIX B

Appendix B contains listings of data requirements which support the reregistration for active

ingredients within the case Diquat Dibromide covered by this Reregistration Eligibility

Decision Document. It contains generic data requirements that apply to Diquat Dibromide in

all products, including data requirements for which a "typical formulation" is the test

substance.

The data table is organized in the following format:

1. Data Requirement (Column 1). The data requirements are listed in the order in

which they appear in 40 CFR Part 158. the reference numbers accompanying each test refer

to the test protocols set in the Pesticide Assessment Guidelines, which are available from the

National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161 (703)

487-4650.

2. Use Pattern (Column 2). This column indicates the use patterns for which the data

requirements apply. The following letter designations are used for the given use patterns:

A Terrestrial food

B Terrestrial feed

C Terrestrial non-food

D Aquatic food

E Aquatic non-food outdoor

F Aquatic non-food industrial

G Aquatic non-food residential

H Greenhouse food

I Greenhouse non-food

J Forestry

K Residential

L Indoor food

M Indoor non-food

N Indoor medical

O Indoor residential

3. Bibliographic citation (Column 3). If the Agency has acceptable data in its files,

this column lists the identifying number of each study. This normally is the Master Record

Identification (MRID) number, but may be a "GS" number if no MRID number has been

assigned. Refer to the Bibliography appendix for a complete citation of the study.
146
147

APPENDIX B

Data Supporting Guideline Requirements for the Reregistration of Diquat Dibromide

REQUIREMENT USE PATTERN CITATION(S)

Registrant: Zeneca Ag Products

Product: 10182-376 and 10182-378

PRODUCT CHEMISTRY

61-1 Chemical Identity Data gap 

61-2A Start. Mat. & Mnfg. Process No MRID no. 

61-3 Formation of Impurities No MRID no.

62-1 Preliminary Analysis 40323601,40429601

62-2 Certification of Ingredient limits 40323601,40429601, Data gap

62-3 Analytical Method 40323601, 40429601

63-2 Color 00038627

63-3 Physical State 00038627

63-4 Odor 00136329

63-5 Melting Point 00115555

63-7 Density 00115555

63-8 Solubility 00136329,40302701

63-10 Dissociation Constant 00138938

63-12 pH Data gap
Data Supporting Guideline Requirements for the Reregistration of Diquat Dibromide

REQUIREMENT USE PATTERN CITATION(S)

148

63-13 Stability 00038627, 00138928

63-14 Oxidizing/Reducing Action 40069304

63-16 Explodability 40069304

63-17 Storage stability 40069304

63-18 Viscosity 40069304

63-20 Corrosion characteristics 40069304

ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS

71-1A Acute Avian Oral - Quail/Duck A,B,C,E 00106559, G59999001

71-2A Avian Dietary - Quail A,B,C,E 00022923, 00116565

71-2B Avian Dietary - Duck A,B,C,E 0002293

71-4A Avian Reproduction - Quail A,B,C,E 00119988

71-4B Avian Reproduction - Duck A,B,C.E 00114230

72-1B Fish Toxicity - Bluegill - TEP A,B,C,E 00138963,00115572,00027203,00138962,

00003503

72-1D Fish Toxicity - Rainbow Trout-TEP A,B,C,E 00138963,00115858,00028002,

00003503,00138961

72-2A Invertebrate Toxicity A,B,C,E 00003503.00115576,00115862

72-3A Estuarine/Marine Toxicity - Fish A,B,C,E 40316001,00028002

72-3B Estuarine/Marine Toxicity -

Mollusk

A,B,C,E 40316001

72-3C Estuarine/Marine Toxicity -

Shrimp

A,B,C,E 40315701
Data Supporting Guideline Requirements for the Reregistration of Diquat Dibromide

REQUIREMENT USE PATTERN CITATION(S)

149

72-4A Early Life Stage Fish A,B,C,E 4030703

72-4B Life Cycle Invertebrate A,B,C,E 40380702

122-1B Vegetative Vigor A,B,C,E 40165102

122-2 Aquatic Plant Growth A,B,C,E 40165103,40165104,40165105

123-1B Vegetative Vigor 41883001, another study reqd

123-2 Aquatic Plant Growth 41883002, D212863 in rev.

141-1 Honey Bee Acute Contact A,B,C,E 00131562,40208001

TOXICOLOGY

81-1 Acute Oral Toxicity - Rat A,B,C,E 00081506

81-2 Acute Dermal Toxicity -

Rabbit/Rat

A,B,C,E 00100614

81-3 Acute Inhalation Toxicity - Rat A,B,C,E

81-4 Primary Eye Irritation - Rabbit A,B,C,E 00081507

81-5 Primary Dermal Irritation - Rabbit A,B,C,E 00107903

81-6 Dermal Sensitization - Guinea Pig A,B,C,E 00155475

81-8 Acute Neurotoxicity - Rat 42666801

82-1A 90-Day Feeding - Rodent A,C,E 40185601

82-2 21-Day Dermal - Rabbit/Rat 00145056

82-4 90-Day Inhalation - Rat 40301701

82-4B 21-Day Inhalation - Rat 40440801

82-7 Subchronic Neurotoxicity - Rats 42616101
Data Supporting Guideline Requirements for the Reregistration of Diquat Dibromide

REQUIREMENT USE PATTERN CITATION(S)

150

83-1A Chronic Feeding Toxicity - Rodent 00145855, 00155474

83-1B Chronic Feeding Toxicity - 

Non-Rodent

41730301

83-2A Oncogenicity - Rat 00145855, 00160673

83-2B Oncogenicity - Mouse 42219801

83-2B Oncogenicity - Mouse 42880701, 42905901, 42919501

83-3A Developmental Toxicity - Rat 224405, 41198902, 00061637

83-3B Developmental Toxicity - Rabbit 00061635, 41198901

83-4 2-Generation Reproduction - Rat 41531301

84-2A Gene Mutation (Ames Test) 40323103, 40323101

84-2B Structural Chromosomal

Aberration

40323106, 40323107, 40323104, 00061638

85-1 General Metabolism 00055107, 00065592, 00065593

85-2 Dermal Penetration 41238701

85-2 (sp) Dermal Absorption 41247201, 41247202

41247203, 41247204

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

161-1 Hydrolysis A,B,C,E 000154100

161-2 Photodegradation - Water A,B,C,E 40418801

161-3 Photodegradation - Soil A,B,C,E 40246101

162-1 Aerobic Soil Metabolism A,B,C,E 40972301

162-2 Anaerobic Soil Metabolism A,B,C,E 40972302
Data Supporting Guideline Requirements for the Reregistration of Diquat Dibromide

REQUIREMENT USE PATTERN CITATION(S)

151

162-3 Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism A,B,C,E 40972302

162-4 Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism A,B,C,E 40927601

163-1 Leaching/Adsorption/Desorption A,B,C,E 40348601

163-2 Volatility - Lab A,B,C,E 40245101

164-1 Terrestrial Field Dissapation:soil A,B,C,E 42060301,4260302

164-2 Aquatic Field Dissipation A,B,C,E 40917403

164-5 Long Term Soil Dissipation A,B,C,E 40335201

165-4 Bioaccumulation in Fish A,B,C,E 40326901

165-5 Bioaccumulation - Aquatic

NonTarget

E 40326903

40326902

40326904

40380701

RESIDUE CHEMISTRY

171-4A Nature of Residue - Plants A,B,D 00055086, 00056905,

00065600, 00065602,

00067157, 00067162,

00068221, 00115563,

00115583, 00116728,

00121305, 00121307,

40001301, 40391501,

41149401, 43028401
Data Supporting Guideline Requirements for the Reregistration of Diquat Dibromide

REQUIREMENT USE PATTERN CITATION(S)

152

171-4B Nature of Residue - Livestock 00065594, 00065595.

00065596, 00065597,

00065599, 00065560,

00068229, 00071328,

00114410, 00122705,

40535001, 40555501

171-4C/D Residue Analytical Method - Plants 00071325, 00071326,

00114449, 00115546,

00115547, 00115559,

00116728, 00116736,

00116739, GS0288002,

40308001, 40308002,

40555501, data gap

171-4E Storage Stability 40427601, 40811101,

40811102, 40811103,

41940905

171-4F Magnitude of the Residue in

Potable Water

00068228, 00068229

171-4G Magnitude of the Residue in Fish

and Shellfish

PP#1F1101, 00068228,

00135717, 40427601

171-4H Magnitude of the Residue in

Irrigated Crops

00031836, 40535905

171-4J Magnitude of the Residue in

Poultry and Eggs

No MRID no.

Cattle, goats, hogs, horses, and

sheep

00031841, 00140582

Poultry and Eggs 00116739
Data Supporting Guideline Requirements for the Reregistration of Diquat Dibromide

REQUIREMENT USE PATTERN CITATION(S)

153

Milk 00031841, 00140582

171-4k Magnitude of Residues -Plants 42822002, 40535901

Root and Tuber Vegetables Group 

Potato 00116728, 00140590

Fruiting Vegetables Group

Pepper No MRID no.

Tomato No MRID no.

Curcurbit Vegetables Group

Cantaloupe

Cucumber

Squash

Watermelon

Miscellaneous Commodities

Sugarcane 00100410, 00140586

Crops Grown Solely for Seed

Alfalfa 40535901, 42822002

Carrot 00067154

Clover 40535902, 42822001

Radish No MRID no.
Data Supporting Guideline Requirements for the Reregistration of Diquat Dibromide

REQUIREMENT USE PATTERN CITATION(S)

154

Sorghum 00115575, 40535903

Soybean 00115575, 40535904

Turnip No MRID no.

Vetch No MRID no.

171-4I Magnitude of Residues - Processed

Food/Feed
155

APPENDIX C. Citations Considered to be Part of the Data

Base Supporting the Reregistration of Diquat Dibromide
156
157

GUIDE TO APPENDIX C

1. CONTENTS OF BIBLIOGRAPHY. This bibliography contains citations of all studies

considered relevant by EPA in arriving at the positions and conclusions stated

elsewhere in the Reregistration Eligibility Document. Primary sources for studies in

this bibliography have been the body of data submitted to EPA and its predecessor

agencies in support of past regulatory decisions. Selections from other sources

including the published literature, in those instances where they have been considered,

are included.

2. UNITS OF ENTRY. The unit of entry in this bibliography is called a "study". In the

case of published materials, this corresponds closely to an article. In the case of

unpublished materials submitted to the Agency, the Agency has sought to identify

documents at a level parallel to the published article from within the typically larger

volumes in which they were submitted. The resulting "studies" generally have a

distinct title (or at least a single subject), can stand alone for purposes of review and

can be described with a conventional bibliographic citation. The Agency has also

attempted to unite basic documents and commentaries upon them, treating them as a

single study.

3. IDENTIFICATION OF ENTRIES. The entries in this bibliography are sorted

numerically by Master Record Identifier, or "MRID number". This number is unique

to the citation, and should be used whenever a specific reference is required. It is not

related to the six-digit "Accession Number" which has been used to identify volumes of

submitted studies (see paragraph 4(d)(4) below for further explanation). In a few

cases, entries added to the bibliography late in the review may be preceded by a nine

character temporary identifier. These entries are listed after all MRID entries. This

temporary identifying number is also to be used whenever specific reference is needed.

4. FORM OF ENTRY. In addition to the Master Record Identifier (MRID), each entry

consists of a citation containing standard elements followed, in the case of material

submitted to EPA, by a description of the earliest known submission. Bibliographic

conventions used reflect the standard of the American National Standards Institute

(ANSI), expanded to provide for certain special needs.

a Author. Whenever the author could confidently be identified, the Agency has

chosen to show a personal author. When no individual was identified, the

Agency has shown an identifiable laboratory or testing facility as the author. 

When no author or laboratory could be identified, the Agency has shown the

first submitter as the author.

b. Document date. The date of the study is taken directly from the document. 

When the date is followed by a question mark, the bibliographer has deduced

the date from the evidence contained in the document. When the date appears
158

as (19??), the Agency was unable to determine or estimate the date of the

document.

c. Title. In some cases, it has been necessary for the Agency bibliographers to

create or enhance a document title. Any such editorial insertions are contained

between square brackets.

d. Trailing parentheses. For studies submitted to the Agency in the past, the

trailing parentheses include (in addition to any self-explanatory text) the

following elements describing the earliest known submission:

(1) Submission date. The date of the earliest known submission appears

immediately following the word "received."

(2) Administrative number. The next element immediately following the

word "under" is the registration number, experimental use permit

number, petition number, or other administrative number associated

with the earliest known submission.

(3) Submitter. The third element is the submitter. When authorship is

defaulted to the submitter, this element is omitted.

(4) Volume Identification (Accession Numbers). The final element in the

trailing parentheses identifies the EPA accession number of the volume

in which the original submission of the study appears. The six-digit

accession number follows the symbol "CDL," which stands for

"Company Data Library." This accession number is in turn followed by

an alphabetic suffix which shows the relative position of the study within

the volume.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

159

00003503 Mobil Chemical Company (1976) Modown Herbicide Performance Report

(Upublished study received Mar 9, 1977 under 2224-EX-10; CDL:228701-AN)

00022923 Hill, E.F.; Heath, R.G.; Spann, J.W.; et al. (1975) Lethal Dietary Toxicities

of Environmental Pollutants to Birds: Special Scientific Report--Wildlife No.

191. (U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Paxtuxent Wildlife

Researcb Center; unpublished report)

00027203 Swabey, Y.H.; Schenk, C.F. (1963) Algicides and Aquatic Herbicides: Taste 

and Odour in Water; Laboratory Studies on Fish Toxicity; Field Toxicity

Studies. By Ontario Water Resources Commission, Laboraatory Div., Biology

Branch. OWRC. (Atrazine/T38; also in unpublished submission received Oct

12, 1976 under 10065-8; submitted by Fisons Corp., Agricultural Chemicals

Div., Bedford, Mass.; CDL:226310-F)

00028002 Wellborn, T.L.; Jr. (1969) The toxicity of nine therapeutic and herbicidal

compounds to striped bass. Progessive Fish-Culturist 31:27-32. (Also In

unpublished submission received Aug 20, 1976 under 39445-1; submitted by

American Carbonyl, Inc., Tenafly, N.J.; CDL:228232-C)

00031836 Tucker, B.V.; Pratt, R.D. (1972) Overhead Irrigation with Water Containing

Diquat--Crop Residue Data. (Unpublished study received Sep 15, 1972 under

1F1101; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.;

CDL:090862-G)

00031841 Calderbank, A.; McKenna, R.H.; Walley, J.K. (1966) Bipyridylium

Herbicides: Feeding Clover Hay and Barley Dessicated with Diquat, to Cattle. 

(Unpublished study received Sep 15, 1972 under 1F1101; submitted by

Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.; CDL:090862-N)

00038627 Anon. (19??) Diquat. Pages 167-171, in Handbook of Herbicides. Weed

Science Society of America. (Also in unpublished submission received Jun 13,

1975 under 5E1648; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.;

CDL:095428-C)

00055086 Coats, G.E.; Funderburk, H.H., Jr.; Lawrence, J.M.; et al. (1966) Factors

affecting persistence and inactivation of Diquat and Paraquat. Weed Research

6(1):58-66. (Also in unpublished submission received Apr 7, 1971 under
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

160

unknown admin. no.; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.;

CDL:180000-B)

00056905 Funderburk, H.H., Jr. (1969) Diquat and paraquat. Pages 285-291 only, In

Degradation of Herbicides. Edited by P.C. Kearney and D.D. Kaufman. 

Marcel Dekker, Inc. (Also in unpublished submission received Jun 6, 1970

under 1F1103; submitted by PPG Industries, Inc., Barberton, Ohio;

CDL:090868-K)

00061637 Palmer, A.K.; Edwards, J.A.; Woodhouse, R.N. (1978) Effect of Diquat on

Pregnancy of the Mouse: ICI/167/77642. (Unpublished study received Jan 27,

1981 under 239-1663; prepared by Huntingdon Research Centre, England,

submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.; CDL:244244-E)

00065599 Hemingway, R.J.; Leahey, J.P.; Davis, J.A.; et al. (1973) Diquat: Metabolism

of Diquat and Its Photoproducts in Goats: AR 2448 B. (Unpublished study

received Aug 22, 1977 under 239-1663; prepared by Plant Protection Ltd.,

submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.; CDL:231429-H)

00065600 Hemingway, R.J.; Leahey, J.P.; Davis, J.A.; et al. (1974) Diquat: Metabolism

of Diquat and Its Photoproducts in a Cow: AR 2530B (R). (Unpublished study

received Aug 22, 1977 under 239-1663; prepared by Plant Protection Ltd.,

submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.; CDL:231429-I)

00065601 Chevron Chemical Company (1967) Environmental Chemistry Summary.

Summary of studies 231430-B through 231430-Q, 231430-S through

231430-AA, 231431-A through 231431-D and 231431-F through 231431-AA. 

(Unpublished study received Aug 22, 1977 under 2391663; CDL:231430-A)

00065603 Akhavein, A.A.; Linscott, D.L. (1968) The dipyridylium herbicides, paraquat

and diquat. Residue Reviews 23:97-145. (Also In unpublished submission

received Aug 22, 1977 under 239-1663; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co.,

Richmond, Calif.; CDL:231430-C)

00065604 Calderbank, A.; Slade, P. (1976) Diquat and paraquat. In Herbicides:

Chemistry, Degradation and Mode of Action: Volume 2. Edited by P.C.

Kearney and D.D. Kaufmann. New York, N.Y.: Marcel Dekker, Inc. 

(Reprint; also In unpublished submission received Aug 22, 1977 under
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

161

239-1663; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.;

CDL:231430-D)

00067154 Newman, J.F. (1975) Diquat: Biological Effects and Residues in Soil and Crops

in a High Rate Field Trial on a Loamy Sand: TMJ 1225A. (Unpublished study

received Aug 22, 1977 under 239-1663; prepared by Plant Protection Ltd.,

England, submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.;

CDL:231432-E)

00067157 Cavell, B.D. (1976) Diquat: A Review of Its Photodegradation: Report Series

TMJ 1433B. (Unpublished study received Aug 22, 1977 under 239-1663;

prepared by Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd., England, submitted by

Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.; CDL:231432-H)

00067162 Leahey, J.P.; Griggs, R.E.; Allard, G.B. (1973) Diquat: Residues of Diquat

and Its Photoproducts on Barley and Oats after Desiccation with 14-C Diquat:

AR 2478B. (Unpublished study received Aug 22, 1977 under 239-1663;

prepared by Plant Protection Ltd., England, submitted by Chevron Chemical

Co., Richmond, Calif.; CDL:231432-M)

00068221 Hill, I.R. (1975) Diquat: Degradation of Diquat and Its Photoproducts in Soil:

AR 2573A. (Unpublished study received Aug 22, 1977 under 239-1663;

prepared by Plant Protection Ltd., submitted by Chevron Chemical Co.,

Richmond, Calif.; CDL:231431-B)

00068225 Blackburn, R.D.; Weldon, L.W. (1963) Results of 3 years of testing diquat as

an aquatic herbicide in Florida. Proceedings of the Southern Weed Control

Conference 16:365. (Abstract; also in unpublished submission received Aug

22, 1977 under 239-1663; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond,

Calif.; CDL: 231431-H)

00068226 Coats, G.E.; Funderburk, H.H., Jr.; Lawrence, J.M.; et al. (1964) Persistence

of diquat and paraquat in pools and ponds. Proceedings of the Southern Weed

Control Conference 17:308-320. (Also in unpublished submission received Aug

22, 1977 under 2391663; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond,

Calif.; CDL: 231431-J)

00068228 Haven, D.S. (1969) Levels of the herbicide diquat in two estuarine molluscs

and in the water and mud. Virginia Journal of Science 20:51-53. (Also In
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

162

unpublished submission received Aug 22, 1977 under 239-1663; submitted by

Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.; CDL:231431-N)

00068229 Hiltibran, R.C.; Underwood, D.L.; Fickle, J.S. (1972) Fate of Diquat in the

Aquatic Environment: WRC Research Report No. 52. Final rept. (Unpublished

study received Aug 22, 1977 under 239-1663; prepared by Univ. of Illinois,

Dept. of Agronomy, Water Resources Center, submitted by Chevron Chemical

Co., Richmond, Calif.; CDL:231431-O)

00071325 Plant Protection Limited (1972) Determination of Residues of Diquat in Crops

and Animal Tissues: Spectrophotometric Method. Method PPRAM-5 dated

Dec 6, 1972. (Unpublished study received Jan 27, 1981 under 239-1663;

submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.; CDL:244243-B)

00071326 Plant Protection Limited (1972) Determination of Residues of Diquat in Milk

and Water: Spectrophotometric Method. Method PPRAM-7 dated Dec 6,

1972. (Unpublished study received Jan 27, 1981 under 239-1663; submitted by

Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.; CDL:244243-C)

00081506 Rittenhouse, J.R. (1979) The Acute Oral Toxicity of Diquat Water Weed

Killer: SOCAL 1396/37:67 (S-1431). (Unpublished study received Sep 14,

1979 under 239-2247; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.;

CDL:098973-B)

00100410 Chevron Chemical Co. (1971) Residue Data Sheet: Sugar Cane. (Compilation;

unpublished study received Jul 11, 1972 under unknown admin. no.;

CDL:120274-A)

00106559 Fink, R.; Beavers, J.; Joiner, G.; et al. (1982) Final Report: Acute Oral

LD50--Mallard Duck: Diquat Technical (SX-1260): Project No. 162-131. Rev. 

(Unpublished study received May 13, 1982 under 239-1663; prepared by

Wildlife International Ltd. and Washington College, submitted by Chevron

Chemical Co., Richmond, CA; CDL:247503-A)

00114230 Fink, R.; Beavers, J.; Joiner, G.; et al. (1982) One-generation

Reproduction--Mallard Duck: Diquat Technical (SX-1306): Project No.

162-143; S-2069. Final rept. (Unpublished study received Sep 3, 1982 under

239-1663; prepared by Wildlife International Ltd., submitted by Chevron

Chemical Co., Richmond, CA; CDL: 248290-D)
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

163

00114449 Chevron Chemical Co. (1961) Determination of Residues of Diquat and

Paraquat in Various Crops. (Compilation; unpublished study received May 13,

1963 under unknown admin. no.; CDL:124104-A)

00115546 Chevron Chemical Co. (1961) Analyses for Residues of Diquat in Plant

Tissues. (Compilation; unpublished study received Aug 11, 1961 under

239-1663; CDL:001351-B)

00115547 Chevron Chemical Co. (1970) Diquat: The Results of Tests on the Amount of

Residue Remaining, Including a Description of the Analytical Methods Used. 

(Compilation; unpublished study received Dec 12, 1970 under 1F1101;

CDL:090861-A)

00115549 Chevron Chemical Co. (1964?) Photochemical Decomposition of

DiquatIdentification of the Degradation Product on Maize. (Unpublished study

received on unknown date under 7F0594; CDL:092883-E)

00115555 Chevron Chemical Co. (19??) Name, Chemical Identity and Composition of the

Pesticide Chemical: Diquat. (Compilation; unpublished study received Sep 14,

1979 under 239-2247; CDL:098968-A)

00115563 Homer, R.; Morgan, C.; Stubbs, J.; et al. (1959) Dipyridylium Quarternary

Salts: Residues in Potato Tubers after Foliar Application of 14-C Labelled

K8483: Experimental Report No. PP/ E/11. (Unpublished study received Jun

20, 1963 under unknown admin. no.; prepared by Imperial Chemical

Industries, Ltd., submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, CA;

CDL:120267-E)

00115572 McCann, J. (1967) Diquat/Dibromide: Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus): Test

No. 54. (U.S. Agricultural Research Service, Pesticides Regulation Div.,

Animal Biology Laboratory; unpublished study; CDL:132049-A)

00115575 Chevron Chemical Co. (1961) Analyses for Residues of Diquat in Castor

Beans, Sorghum and Soybeans. (Compilation; unpublished study received Jun

15, 1961 under 239-2247; CDL:224725-B)

00115576 Wheeler, R. (1978) 48 Hour Acute Static Toxicity of Diquat Dibromide

(SX958) to 1st Stage Nymph Water Fleas (Daphnia magna Straus). 
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

164

(Unpublished study received Sep 15, 1978 under 2391663; submitted by

Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, CA; CDL: 235179-A)

00115583 Slade, P.; Calderbank, A. (1966) Bipyridylium Herbicides: The Degradation of

Diquat after Its Application to Plants: Central File No. A126,360. 

(Unpublished study received Aug 22, 1977 under 239-1663; prepared by

Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd., submitted by Chevron Chemical Co.,

Richmond, CA; CDL:231428-P)

00115858 Simonin, H.; Skea, J. (1977) Toxicity of diquat and cutrine to fingerling brown

trout. New York Fish and Game Journal 24(1): 37-45. (Also in unpublished

submission received Sep 14, 1979 under 239-2247; submitted by Chevron

Chemical Co., Richmond, CA; CDL:098974-C)

00115862 Nicholson, S.; Clerman, R. (1974) Toxicity of diquat to the crustacean

amphipod hyalella from Chautauqua Lake. Environmental Letters

7(3):215-227. (Also in unpublished submission received Sep 14, 1979 under

239-2247; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, CA;

CDL:098974-N)

00116565 Fink, R.; Beavers, J.; Joiner, G.; et al. (1981) Subacute Feeding-Reproduction

Screening Bioassay--Bobwhite Quail: Diquat Technical (SX-1306): Project No.

162-137; S-1984. Final rept. (Unpublished study received Sep 3, 1982 under

239-1663; prepared by Wildlife International Ltd., submitted by Chevron

Chemical Co., Richmond, CA; CDL:248290-B)

00116728 Chevron Chemical Co. (1978) Diquat 2 Spray--Potatoes. (Compilation;

unpublished study received Sep 14, 1979 under 239-2247; CDL:098975-A;

098970)

00116736 Great Lakes Chemical Corp. (1970) Analyses for Residues of Bromine and

Other Chemicals in Various Products. (Compilation; unpublished study

received on unknown date under unknown admin. no.; CDL:127345-A)

00116739 Chevron Chemical Co. (1977) Residue Chemistry Data and Data Reference List

To Support Label Amendment for Diquat Water Weed Killer. (Compilation;

unpublished study received Aug 22, 1977 under 239-1663; CDL:231427-A)
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

165

00119988 Fink, R.; Beavers, J.; Joiner, G.; et al. (1982) One-generation

Reproduction--Bobwhite Quail: Diquat Technical (SX-1306): Project No.

162-142; S-2070. Final rept. (Unpublished study received Sep 3, 1982 under

239-1663; prepared by Wildlife International Ltd., submitted by Chevron

Chemical Co., Richmond, CA; CDL:248290-C)

00121305 Akhavein, A.; Linscott, D. (1968) The dipyridylium herbicides, paraquat and

diquat. Residue Reviews 23:98-145. (Also in unpublished submission received

Dec 21, 1982 under 239-2247; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co.,

Richmond, CA; CDL:249102-C)

00121307 Simsiman, G.; Daniel, T.; Chesters, G. (1976) Diquat and endothall: Their

fates in the environment. Residue Reviews 62:131-174. (Also in unpublished

submission received Dec 21, 1982 under 2392247; submitted by Chevron

Chemical Co., Richmond, CA; CDL: 249102-E)

00131562 Atkins, E. (1983) Letter sent to T. Wang dated March 14, 1983 Testing

252,214 against honey bees. (Unpublished study received October 14, 1983

under 241-EX-108; prepared by University of California, Riverside, Dept. of

Entomology, submitted by American Cyanamid Co., Princeton, NJ:

CDL:072012-J)

00138962 Thompson, C.; Griffen, J.; McKee, M. (1980) Acute Toxicity of Diquat 2

Spray (SX-1261) to Bluegill Sunfish: ABC Report #26193; S-1835. 

(Unpublished study received Feb 6, 1984 under 239-2424; prepared by

Analytical Bio-Chemistry Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Chevron Chemical

Co., Richmond, CA; CDL: 252355-B)

00138928 McAllister, W.; Franklin, L.; Cohle, P.; et al. (1984) Uptake, Depuration and

Bioconcentration of 14C-R-40244 by Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus):

ABC Final Report #30973; T-11414. (Unpublished study received Feb 1, 1984

under 476-EX-104; prepared by Analytical Bio-Chemistry Laboratories, Inc.,

submitted by Stauffer Chemical Co., Richmond, CA; CDL:252340-A)

00138961 Thompson, C.; Griffen, J.; Forbis, A. (1980) Acute Toxicity of Diquat 2

Spray (SX-1261) to Rainbow Trout: ABC Report #26194; S-1834. 

(Unpublished study received Feb 6, 1984 under 239-2424; prepared by

Analytical Bio-Chemistry Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Chevron Chemical

Co., Richmond, CA; CDL: 252355-A)
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

166

00138963 Johnson, W., Finley, M. (1980) Handbook of Acute Toxicity of Chemicals to

Fish and Aquatic Invertebrates. By U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 

Washington, D.C.: USFWS. (Resource publication 137: also in unpublished

submission by Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, CA; CDL: 252355-C)

00135717 Chevron Chemical Co. (1970) Diquat: Residue Tolerance Petition: The Results

of Tests on the Amount of Residue Remaining, Including a Description of the

Analytical Methods Used: Water, Aquatic Life and Soil. (Compilation;

unpublished study received Dec 12, 1970 under 1F1101; CDL:090861-A)

00136329 Chevron Chemical Co. (19??) The Name, Chemical Identity and Composition

of the Pesticide Chemical: Diquat. (Unpublished study received Jun 29, 1976

under 239-EX-66; CDL:097462-A)

00136507 Chevron Chemical Co. (1971) Residue of Diquat in Sugarcane. (Compilation;

unpublished study received Jul 11, 1972 under 2391663; CDL:001360-B)

00138938 Chevron Chemical Co. (1984) Product Chemistry Data Requirements: Ortho

Diquat Herbicide Concentrate. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1984 under

239-2424; CDL:252345-A)

00138961 Thompson, C.; Griffen, J.; Forbis, A. (1980) Acute Toxicity of Diquat 2 Spray

(SX-1261) to Rainbow Trout: ABC Report #26194; S-1834. (Unpublished

study received Feb 6, 1984 under 239-2424; prepared by Analytical

Bio-Chemistry Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Chevron Chemical Co.,

Richmond, CA; CDL: 252355-A)

00138962 Thompson, C.; Griffen, J.; McKee, M. (1980) Acute Toxicity of Diquat 2

Spray (SX-1261) to Bluegill Sunfish: ABC Report #26193; S-1835. 

(Unpublished study received Feb 6, 1984 under 239-2424; prepared by

Analytical Bio-Chemistry Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Chevron Chemical

Co., Richmond, CA; CDL: 252355-B)

00140582 Black, W.; Calderbank, A.; Douglas, G.; et al. (1966?) Silage Feeding

Experiments following the Use of Diquat as a Desiccant. (Unpublished study

received on unknown date under 7F0594; submitted by Chevron Chemical Co.,

Richmond, CA; CDL:092882-O)
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

167

00140586 Chevron Chemical Co. (1967) Diquat: The Results of Tests on the Amount of

Residue Remaining, Including a Description of the Analytical Method Used. 

(Compilation; unpublished study received 1967 under 7F0594; CDL:092882-S)

00140590 Chevron Chemical Co. (1974) Diquat: The Results of Tests on the Amount of

Residue Remaining, Including a Description of the Analytical Methods Used. 

(Compilation; unpublished study received Feb 15, 1974 under 4G1470;

CDL:093914-D)

00145855 Colley, J.; Warren, S.; Heywood, R. (1985) Diquat Dibromide Evaluation of

Potential Carcinogenicity and Chronic Toxicity by Prolonged Dietary

Administration to Rats: Final Report: HRC Report No. ICI 406-83763. 

Unpublished study prepared by Huntingdon Research Centre. 2660 p.

00155474 Birtley, R. (19??) Amended Page to Replace Pages 145 and 146 of the Report

Entitled Diquat Dibromide: Evaluation of Potential Carcinogenicity and

Chronic Toxicity by Prolonged Dietary Administration to Rats: HRC Report

No. ICI 406/83763. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron Chemical Co. 2

p.

40069304 Hart, T. (1987) Physicochemical Data: Diquat: Laboratory Project

Identification: 8701235. Unpublished study prepared by ICI PPD. 5 p.

40165101 Shilling, D. (1987) The Influence of Preemergence Applied Diquat in the

Germination and Emergence of Selected Plant Species: Laboratory Project ID:

8704721. Unpublished study prepared by Univ. of Florida, Derpt. of

Agronomy. 11 p.

40165102 Hulbert, J. (1987) Evaluation of Diquat for Vegetative Vigor and Growth:

Laboratory Project ID: 1692-22. Unpublished compilation prepared by Chevron

Chemical Co. 18 p.

40165103 Johnson, L. (1962) Evaluation of Diquat for Field Tests of Herbicides:

Laboratory Project ID: #87022-C and #87025-C. Unpublished study prepared

by Research and Planning Div., Wisconsin Conservation Dept. 9 p.

40165104 Blackburn, R.; Weldon, L. (1965) The Sensitivity of Duckweeds (Lemnaceae)

and Azolla to Diquat and Paraquat: Laboratory Project ID: #87022-C and
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

168

#87025-C. Unpublished study prepared by U.S. Agricultural Research Service,

Fort Lauderdale, Florida. 5 p.

40165105 Hulbert, J. (1987) Evaluation of Diquat for Reproduction of Aquatic Plants:

Laboratory Project ID: #87022-C and #87025-C. Unpublished study prepared

by Chevron Chemical Co. 15 p.

40185601 Colley, J.; Edmonson, J.; Heywood, R. (1981) Diquat Dibromide: Preliminary

Assessment of Toxicity to Rats by Dietary Administration for 4 Weeks: Final

Report: Laboratory Project ID: ICI 383/ 80935. Unpublished study prepared

by Huntingdon Research Centre. 173 p.

40208001 Gough, H.; Collins, I.; Jackson, D.; et al. (1987) Diquat: Acute 5-day Contact

and Oral Toxicity to Honey Bees (Apis mellifera): Laboratory Project ID:

RJ055B. Unpublished study prepared by Imperial Chemicals Industries. 39 p.

40245101 Pack, E. (1987) Diquat Volatility--Laboratory Study: Laboratory Project

Identification MEF-0045: 8709311. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron

Chemical Co. 97 p.

40246101 Joseph, R.; Skidmore, M. (1987) Diquat: Photolytic Stability on Soil Surfaces:

Lab Project ID: RJ0573B. Unpublished study prepared by ICI Agricultural

Experiment Station. 50 p.

40302701 Thornberry, N. (1987) Physical and Chemical Characteristics: Ortho Diquat

Concentrate: Laboratory Project ID: 8711137. Unpublished study prepared by

Chevron Chemical Co. & Imperial Chemicals Industries. 3 p.

40315701 Hoberg, J. (1987) Acute Toxicity of Diquat Concentrate to Mysid Shrimp

(Mysidopsis bahia): Laboratory Project Identification: S-2910:

981.0287.6111.510. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Life Sciences,

Inc. 52 p.

40316001 Dionne, E. (1987) Acute Toxicity of Diquat Concentrate to Eastern Oysters

(Crassostrea virginica): Springborn Life Sciences: 981. 0287.6112.504. 

Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Life Sciences, Inc. 51 p.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

169

40323601 Thornberry, N. (1987) Analysis and Certification of Product Ingredients: Ortho

Diquat Concentrate: Laboratory Project ID: 8715953. Unpublished study

prepared by Chevron Chemical Co., Imperial Chemical Industries. 50 p.

40326901 Hamer, M.; Farrelly, E.; Hill, I. (1987) Diquat: Investigation of Accumulation

in Bluegill Sunfish in a Flow-through System: Lab. Proj. ID RJ0608B. 

Unpublished study prepared by Imperial Chemical Industries, PLC. 33 p.

40326902 Thompson, R. (1987) Diquat: Determination of Bioconcentration by Pacific

Oysters (Crassostrea gigas): BL/B/3092. Unpublished study prepared by

Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd. 23 p.

40326903 Hamer, M.; Farrelly, E.; Hill, I. (1987) Diquat: Investigation of Accumulation

in Daphnia magna in a Flow-through System: Lab. Proj. ID RJ0584B. 

Unpublished study prepared by Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd. 31 p.

40326904 Fujie, G. (1987) Accumulation of Diquat in Aquatic Non-Target Organisms:

Lab.Proj. ID R-101655INT: Interim Report. Unpublished study prepared by

Chevron Chemical Co. 92 p.

40335201 Cole, J.; Laws, I.; Stevens, J.; et al. (1986) Long-term High-rate Trial

Frensham, U.K.: Crop and Soil Data for the Period 8-14 Years after

Treatment: Laboratory Project ID: RJ0481B. Unpublished study prepared by

ICI Plant Protection Div., Jealott's Hill Research Station. 50 p.

40348601 Pack, D. (1987) Freundlich Soil Adsorption Coefficients of Diquat: Laboratory

Project I.D: MEF-0069/8716930. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron

Chemical Co. 41 p.

40380701 Hamer, M.; Farrelly, E.; Hill, I. (1987) Diquat: Investigation of Accumulation

and Elimination in Mayfly Nymph, Cloen dipterum, in a Flow-through System:

Lab. Proj. ID. RJ0609B. Unpublished Study prepared by Imperial Chemical

Industries. 29 p.

40380702 Surprenant, D. (1987) The Chronic Toxicity of Diquat Conc. to Daphnia

magna under Flow-through Conditions: Lab. Proj. ID. 87-82473. Unpublished

study prepared by Springborn Life Sciences, Inc. 67 p.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

170

40380703 Surprenant, D. (1987) The Toxicity od Diquat Conc. to Fathead Minnow

(Pimephales promelas) Embryo and Larvae. Unpublished study prepared by

Springborn Life Sciences, Inc. 64 p.

40418801 Tegala, B.; Skidmore, M. (1987) Diquat: An Aqueous Photolysis Study:

Laboratory Project ID: RJ 0613B. Unpublished study prepared by Imperial

Chemical Industries, PLC. 54 p.

40427601 Fujie, G. (1987) Magnitude of the Residues of Diquat in Fish and Shellfish:

Laboratory Project ID: R10/9816121. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron

Chemical Co. 162 p.

40429601 Updyke, J. (1987) Determination of Ethylene Dibromide: (EDB in Diquat

Liquid AM-5-1285): Laboratory Project ID: 8725759. Unpublished study

prepared by Chevron Chemical Co. 9 p. 

40458300 Chevron Chemical Co. (1987) Submission of Field Accumulation Study to

Support the Registration of Ortho Diquat Conc. Transmittal of 1 study.

40458301 Fujie, G. (1987) Accumulation of Diquat in Aquatic Non-target Organisms:

Lab. Proj. ID. R10/1655FISH. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron

Chemical Co. 117 p.

40535901 Fujie, G. (1988) Magnitude of Diquat Cation Residues in Alfalfa Seed: Project

ID: R010/Alfalfa. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron Chemical Co. 62

p.

40535902 Fujie, G. (1988) Magnitude of Diquat Cation Residues in Clover Seed: Project

ID: R010/Clover. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron Chemical Co. 69

p.

40535903 Fujie, G. (1988) Magnitude of Diquat Cation Residues in Grain Sorghum:

Project ID: R010/Sorghum. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron Chemical

Co. 49 p.

40535904 Fujie, G. (1988) Magnitude of Diquat Cation Residues in Soybeans: Project ID:

R010/Soybeans. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron Chemical Co. 77 p.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

171

40535905 Fujie, G. (1988) Magnitude of Diquat Cation Residues in Rice: Project ID:

R010/Rice. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron Chemical Co. 75 p.

40640801 Bruce, E.; Griffis, L. (1987) Three-Week Satellite Aerosol Inhalation Toxicity

Study of Diquat Concentrate (SX-1750) in Rats: Supplement: Project ID:

CEHC 2835. Unpublished study S-2908S prepared by Chevron Environmental

Health Center, Inc. 148 p. 

40811101 Updyke, J. (1988) Supplement to Stability of Ethylene Dibromide (EDB) in

Diquat Herbicide H/A. Submitted November 30, 1987: Laboratory Project ID

8816196. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron Chemical Co. 4 p. 

 

40811102 Fujie, G. (1988) Effect of Processing on Diquat Cation Residues in Soybeans:

Laboratory Project ID R010/SOYPROC. Unpublished study prepared by

Chevron Chemical Co. 70 p. 

40811103 Fujie, G. (1988) Effect of Processing on Diquat Cation Residues in Grain

Sorghum: Laboratory Project ID R010/SORGPROC. Unpublished study

prepared by Chevron Chemical Co. 75 p. 

40917403 Fujie, G. (1988) Aquatic Field Dissipation Studies for Aquatic Uses and

Aquatic Impact Uses: Laboratory Project ID: R10/1642AQDISS. Unpublished

study prepared by Chevron Chemical Co. 183 p.

40927601 Johnston, J. (1988) Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism of Diquat: Laboratory Project

ID MEF-0073. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron Chemical Co. 116 p.

40972301 Johnston, J. (1988) Aerobic Soil Metabolism of Diquat: Project ID: MEF-0071. 

Unpublished study prepared by Chevron Chemical Co. 116 p.

40972302 Johnston, J. (1988) Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism of Diquat: Project ID:

MEF-0072. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron Chemical Co. 129 p.

41198902 Wickramaratne, G. (1989) Diquat: Teratogenicity Study in the Rat: Report No.

CTL/P/2331: Study No. RR0399. Unpublished study prepared by ICI Central

Toxicology Laboratory. 394 p.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

MRID CITATION

______________________________________________________

172

41883001 Bellet, E. (1990) Effect of Diquat on Terrestrial Plants A Tier 3 Study: Lab

Project Number: DQ 124-1. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron Chemical

Co. 114 p.

41883002 Bellet. E. (1990) Effect of Diquat on Aquatic Plants-A Tier 3 Study: Lab

Project Number: DQ 124-2. Unpublished study prepared by Chevron Chemical

Co.272 p.

42060301 Fujie, G. (1991) Diquat Cation Soil Dissipation Study on Potatoes in New

York: Supplement to: Lab Project Number: R010/7059SOILF. Data submitted

as alternate to Craven Laboratories generated data. Unpublished study prepared

by A&S Environmental Testing, Inc. 465 p.

42060302 Fujie, G. (1991) Diquat Cation Soil Dissipation Study on Potatoes in Idaho:

Supplement to: Lab Project Number: R010/7060SOILF. Data submitted as

alternate to Craven Laboratories generated data. Unpublished study prepared

by A&S Environmental Testing, Inc. 320 p.

42822001 Fujie, G. (1993) Addendum to: Magnitude of Diquat Cation Residues in Clover

Seed: Lab Project Number: R010/CLOVER/A. Unpublished study prepared by

Chevron Chemical Co. 254 p.

42822002 Fujie, G. (1993) Addendum to: Magnitude of Diquat Cation Residues in Alfalfa

Seed: Lab Project Number: R010/ALFALFA/A. Unpublished study prepared

by Chevron Chemical Co. 220 p.
173

APPENDIX D. List of Available Related Documents
174
175

The following is a list of available documents related to Diquat Dibromide. It's

purpose is to provide a path to more detailed information if it is needed. These accompanying

documents are part of the Administrative Record for Diquat Dibromide and are included in the

EPA's Office of Pesticide Programs Public Docket.

1. Health and Environmental Effects Science Chapters

2. Detailed Label Usage Information System (LUIS) Report

3. Diquat Dibromide RED Fact Sheet

4. PR Notice 86-5 (included in this appendix)

5. PR Notice 91-2 (included in this appendix) pertains to the Label Ingredient

Statement
176
177

APPENDIX E. PR Notices 86-5 and 91-2
178
179

PR Notice 86-5
180
181

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460

July 29, 1986

OFFICE OF 

PR NOTICE 86-5 PREVENTION, PESTICIDES

AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

NOTICE TO PRODUCERS, FORMULATORS, DISTRIBUTORS

AND REGISTRANTS

Attention: Persons responsible for Federal registration of pesticides.

Subject: Standard format for data submitted under the Federal Insecticide,

Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and certain provisions of the

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA).

I. Purpose

To require data to be submitted to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in a

standard format. This Notice also provides additional guidance about, and illustrations of, the

required formats.

II. Applicability

This PR Notice applies to all data that are submitted to EPA to satisfy data

requirements for granting or maintaining pesticide registrations, experimental use permits,

tolerances, and related approvals under certain provisions of FIFRA and FFDCA. These data

are defined in FIFRA §10(d)(1). This Notice does not apply to commercial, financial, or

production information, which are, and must continue to be, submitted differently under

separate cover.

III. Effective Date

This notice is effective on November 1, 1986. Data formatted according to this notice

may be submitted prior to the effective date. As of the effective date, submitted data packages

that do not conform to these requirements may be returned to the submitter for necessary

revision.

IV. Background

On September 26, 1984, EPA published proposed regulations in the Federal Register

(49 FR 37956) which include Requirements for Data Submission (40 CFR §158.32), and

Procedures for Claims of Confidentiality of Data (40 CFR §158.33). These regulations 

specify the format for data submitted to EPA under Section 3 of FIFRA and Sections 408 and

409 of FFDCA, and procedures which must be followed to make and substantiate claims of

confidentiality. No entitlements to data confidentiality are changed, either by the proposed

regulation or by this notice.

OPP is making these requirements mandatory through this Notice to gain resourcesaving benefits from their use before the entire proposed regulation becomes final. Adequate

lead time is being provided for submitters to comply with the new requirements.
182

V. Relationship of this Notice to Other OPP Policy and Guidance

While this Notice contains requirements for organizing and formatting submittals of

supporting data, it does not address the substance of test reports themselves. "Data reporting"

guidance is now under development in OPP, and will specify how the study objectives,

protocol, observations, findings, and conclusions are organized and presented within the study

report. The data reporting guidance will be compatible with submittal format requirements

described in this Notice.

OPP has also promulgated a policy (PR Notice 86-4 dated April 15, 1986) that

provides for early screening of certain applications for registration under FIFRA §3. The

objective of the screen is to avoid the additional costs and prolonged delays associated with

handling significantly incomplete application packages. As of the effective date of this Notice,

the screen will include in its criteria for acceptance of application packages the data formatting

requirements described herein.

OPP has also established a public docket which imposes deadlines for inserting into the

docket documents submitted in connection with Special Reviews and Registration Standards

(see 40 CFR §154.15 and §155.32). To meet these deadlines, OPP is requiring an additional

copy of any data submitted to the docket. Please refer to Page 10 for more information about

this requirement.

For several years, OPP has required that each application for registration or other

action include a list of all applicable data requirements and an indication of how each is

satisfied--the statement of the method of support for the application. Typically, many

requirements are satisfied by reference to data previously submitted--either by the applicant or

by another party. That requirement is not altered by this notice, which applies only to data

submitted with an application.

VI. Format Requirements

A more detailed discussion of these format requirements follows the index on the next

page, and samples of some of the requirements are attached. Except for the language of the

two alternative forms of the Statement of Data Confidentiality Claims (shown in Attachment 3)

which cannot be altered, these samples are illustrative. As long as the required information is

included and clearly identifiable, the form of the samples may be altered to reflect the

submitter's preference.

- INDEXText Example

Page Page 

A. Organization of the Submittal Package ................................ 3 17

B. Transmittal Document .......................................... 4 11

C. Individual Studies ............................................. 4 

C. 1 Special Considerations for Identifying Studies ....................... 5 

D. Organization of each Study Volume ................................. 6 17

D. 1 Study Title Page .......................................... 7 12

D. 2 Statement of Data Confidentiality Claims

 (based on FIFRA §10(d)(1)) .................................. 8 13

D. 3 Confidential Attachment ..................................... 8 15

D. 4 Supplemental Statement of Data Confidentiality
183

 Claims (other than those based on FIFRA §10(d)(1)) .................. 8 14

D. 5 Good Laboratory Practice Compliance Statement ..................... 9 16

E. Reference to Previously Submitted Data ............................... 9 

F. Physical Format Requirements & Number of Copies ....................... 9 

G. Special Requirements for Submitting Data to the Docket ................... 10 

---------------------------

A. Organization of Submittal Package

A "submittal package" consists of all studies submitted at the same time for review in

support of a single regulatory action, along with a transmittal document and other related

administrative material (e.g. the method of support statement, EPA Forms 8570-1, 8570-4,

8570-20, etc.) as appropriate.

Data submitters must organize each submittal package as described in this Notice. The

transmittal and any other administrative material must be grouped together in the first physical

volume. Each study included in the submittal package must then be bound separately.

Submitters sometimes provide additional materials that are intended to clarify,

emphasize, or otherwise comment to help Product Managers and reviewers better understand

the submittal.

- If such materials relate to one study, they should be included as an appendix to that

study.

- If such materials relate to more than one study (as for example a summary of all

studies in a discipline) or to the submittal in general, they must be included in the

submittal package as a separate study (with title page and statement of confidentiality

claims).

B. Transmittal Document

The first item in each submittal package must be a transmittal document. This

document identifies the submitter or all joint submitters; the regulatory action in support of

which the package is being submitted--i.e., a registration application, petition, experimental

use permit (EUP), §3(c)(2)(B) data call-in, §6(a)(2) submittal, or a special review; the

transmittal date; and a list of all individual studies included in the package in the order of their

appearance, showing (usually by Guideline reference number) the data requirement(s)

addressed by each one. The EPA-assigned number for the regulatory action (e.g. the

registration, EUP, or tolerance petition number) should be included in the transmittal

document as well, if it is known to the submitter. See Attachment 1 for an example of an

acceptable transmittal document.

The list of included studies in the transmittal of a data submittal package supporting a

registration application should be subdivided by discipline, reflecting the order in which data

requirements appear in 40 CFR 158.

The list of included studies in the transmittal of a data submittal package supporting a

petition for tolerance or an application for an EUP should be subdivided into sections A, B,

C,.... of the petition or application, as defined in 40 CFR 180.7 and 158.125, (petitions) or

Pesticide Assessment Guidelines, Subdivision I (EUPs) as appropriate.
184

When a submittal package supports a tolerance petition and an application for a

registration or an EUP, list the petition studies first, then the balance of the studies. Within

these two groups of studies follow the instructions above.

C. Individual Studies

A study is the report of a single scientific investigation, including all supporting

analyses required for logical completeness. A study should be identifiable and distinguishable

by a conventional bibliographic citation including author, date, and title. Studies generally

correspond in scope to a single Guideline requirement for supporting data, with some

exceptions discussed in section C.1. Each study included in a submittal package must be

bound as a separate entity. (See comments on binding studies on page 9.)

Each study must be consecutively paginated, beginning from the title page as page 1. 

The total number of pages in the com-plete study must be shown on the study title page. In

addition (to ensure that inadvertently separated pages can be reassociated with the proper study

during handling or review) use either of the following:

- Include the total number of pages in the complete study on each page (i.e., 1 of 250,

2 of 250, ...250 of 250).

- Include a company name or mark and study number on each page of the study, e g ,

Company Name-1986-23. Never reuse a study number for marking the pages of

subsequent studies.

When a single study is extremely long, binding it in mul-tiple volumes is permissible

so long as the entire study is pag-inated in a single series, and each volume is plainly identified

by the study title and its position in the multi-volume sequence.

C.1 Special Considerations for Identifying Studies

Some studies raise special problems in study identification, because they address

Guidelines of broader than normal scope or for other reasons.

a. Safety Studies. Several Guidelines require testing for safety in more than one

species. In these cases each species tested should be reported as a separate study, and bound

separately.

Extensive supplemental reports of pathology reviews, feed analyses, historical control

data, and the like are often associated with safety studies. Whenever possible these should be

submitted with primary reports of the study, and bound with the primary study as appendices. 

When such supplemental reports are submitted independently of the primary report, take care

to fully identify the primary report to which they pertain.

Batteries of acute toxicity tests, performed on the same end use product and covered by

a single title page, may be bound together and reported as a single study.

b. Product Chemistry Studies. All product chemistry data within a submittal package

submitted in support of an end-use product produced from registered manufacturing-use

products should be bound as a single study under a single title page.

Product chemistry data submitted in support of a technical product, other

manufacturing-use product, an experimental use permit, an import tolerance petition, or an

end-use product produced from unregistered source ingredients, should be bound as a single

study for each Guideline series (61, 62, and 63) for conventional pesticides, or for the

equivalent subject range for biorational pesticides. The first of the three studies in a complete

product chemistry submittal for a biochemical pesticide would cover Guidelines 151-10,

151-11, and 151-12; the second would cover Guidelines 151-13, 151-15, and 151-16; the third

would cover Guideline 151-17. The first study for a microbial pesticide would cover

Guidelines 151-20, 151-21, and 151-22; the second would cover Guidelines 151-23 and

151-25; the third would cover Guideline 151-26.
185

Note particularly that product chemistry studies are likely to contain Confidential

Business Information as defined in FIFRA §10(d)(1)(A), (B), or (C), and if so must be

handled as described in section D.3. of this notice.

c. Residue Chemistry Studies. Guidelines 171-4, 153-3, and 153-4 are extremely

broad in scope; studies addressing residue chemistry requirements must thus be defined at a

level below that of the Guideline code. The general principle, however, of limiting a study to

the report of a single investigation still applies fully. Data should be treated as a single study

and bound separately for each analytical method, each report of the nature of the residue in a

single crop or animal species, and for each report of the magnitude of residues resulting from

treatment of a single crop or from processing a single crop. When more than one commodity

is derived from a single crop (such as beet tops and beet roots) residue data on all such

commodities should be reported as a single study. When multiple field trials are associated

with a single crop, all such trials should be reported as a single study.

D. Organization of Each Study Volume

Each complete study must include all applicable elements in the list below, in the order

indicated. (Also see Page 17.) Several of these elements are further explained in the following

paragraphs. Entries in the column headed "example" cite the page number of this notice

where the element is illustrated.

Element When Required Example

Study Title Page Always Page 12

Statement of Data One of the two alternative Page 13

Confidentiality forms of this statement

Claims is always required

Certification of Good If study reports laboratory Page 16

Laboratory Practice work subject to GLP requirements

Flagging statements For certain toxicology studies (When

flagging requirements are finalized.)

Body of Study Always - with an English language 

translation if required.

Study Appendices At submitter's option

Cover Sheet to Confi- If CBI is claimed under FIFRA 

dential Attachment §10(d)(1)(A), (B), or (C)

CBI Attachment If CBI is claimed under FIFRA 

§10(d)(1)(A), (B), or © Page 15

Supplemental Statement Only if confidentiality is Page 14

of Data Confidentiality claimed on a basis other than 

Claims FIFRA §10(d)(1)(A), (B), or (C)

D.1. Title Page

A title page is always required for each submitted study, published or unpublished. 

The title page must always be freely releasable to requestors; DO NOT INCLUDE CBI ON

THE TITLE PAGE. An example of an acceptable title page is on page 12 of this notice. 

The following information must appear on the title page:
186

a. Study title. The study title should be as descriptive as possible It must clearly identify

the substance(s) tested and correspond to the name of the data requirement as it appears in the Guidelines.

b. Data requirement addressed. Include on the title page the Guideline number(s) of the

specific requirement(s) addressed by the study.

c. Author(s). Cite only individuals with primary intellectual responsibility for the content

of the study. Identify them plainly as authors, to distinguish them from the performing

laboratory, study sponsor, or other names that may also appear on the title page.

d. Study Date. The title page must include a single date for the study. If parts of the

study were performed at different times, use only the date of the latest element in the study.

e. Performing Laboratory Identification. If the study reports work done by one or more

laboratories, include on the title page the name and address of the performing laboratory or

laboratories, and the laboratory's internal project number(s) for the work. Clearly distinguish

the laboratory's project identifier from any other reference numbers provided by the study

sponsor or submitter.

f. Supplemental Submissions. If the study is a commentary on or supplement to another

previously submitted study, or if it responds to EPA questions raised with respect to an earlier

study, include on the title page elements a. through d. for the previously submitted study,

along with the EPA Master Record Identifier (MRID) or Accession number of the earlier

study if you know these numbers. (Supplements submitted in the same submittal package as

the primary study should be appended to and bound with the primary study. Do not include

supplements to more than one study under a single title page).

g. Facts of Publication. If the study is a reprint of a published document, identity on the

title page all relevant facts of publication, such as the journal title, volume, issue, inclusive

page numbers, and publication date.

D.2. Statements of Data Confidentiality Claims Under FIFRA §10(d)(1).

Each submitted study must be accompanied by one of the two alternative forms of the

statement of Data Confidentiality Claims specified in the proposed regulation in §158.33 (b)

and (c) (See Attachment 3). These statements apply only to claims of data confidentiality

based on FIFRA §10(d)(1)(A), (B), or (C). Use the appropriate alternative form of the

statement either to assert a claim of §10(d)(1) data confidentiality (§158.33(b)) or to waive

such a claim (§158.33(c)). In either case, the statement must be signed and dated, and must

include the typed name and title of the official who signs it. Do not make CBI claims with

respect to analytical methods associated with pet-itions for tolerances or emergency

exemptions (see NOTE Pg 13).

D.3. Confidential Attachment

If the claim is made that a study includes confidential business information as defined

by the criteria of FIFRA §10(D)(1)(A), (B), or (C) (as described in D.2. above) all such

information must be excised from the body of the study and confined to a separate

study-specific Confidential Attachment. Each passage of CBI so isolated must be identified by

a reference number cited within the body of the study at the point from which the passage was

excised (See Attachment 5).

The Confidential Attachment to a study must be identified by a cover sheet fully

identifying the parent study, and must be clearly marked "Confidential Attachment." An

appropriately annotated photocopy of the parent study title page may be used as this cover

sheet. Paginate the Confidential Attachment separately from the body of the study, beginning
187

with page 1 of X on the title page. Each passage confined to the Confidential Attachment

must be associated with a specific cross reference to the page(s) in the main body of the study

on which it is cited, and with a reference to the applicable passage(s) of FIFRA §10(d)(1) on

which the confidentiality claim is based.

D.4. Supplemental Statement of Data Confidentiality Claims (See

Attachment 4)

If you wish to make a claim of confidentiality for any portion of a submitted study

other than described by FIFRA §10(d) (1)(A), (B), or (C), the following provisions apply:

- The specific information to which the claim applies must be clearly marked in the

body of the study as subject to a claim of confidentiality.

- A Supplemental Statement of Data Confidentiality Claims must be submitted,

identifying each passage claimed confidential and describing in detail the basis for the

claim. A list of the points to address in such a statement is included in Attachment 4

on Pg 14.

- The Supplemental Statement of Data Confidentiality Claims must be signed and dated

and must include the typed name and title of the official who signed it.

D.5. Good Laboratory Practice Compliance Statement

This statement is required if the study contains laboratory work subject to GLP

requirements specified in 40 CFR 160. Samples of these statements are shown in Attachment

6.

E. Reference to Previously Submitted Data

DO NOT RESUBMIT A STUDY THAT HAS PREVIOUSLY BEEN SUBMITTED

FOR ANOTHER PURPOSE unless EPA specifically requests it. A copy of the title page

plus the MRID number (if known) is sufficient to allow us to retrieve the study immediately

for review. This prevents duplicate entries in the Agency files, and saves you

the cost of sending more copies of the study. References to previously submitted studies

should not be included in the transmittal document, but should be incorporated into the

statement of the method of support for the application.

F. Physical Format Requirements

All elements in the data submittal package must be on uniform 8 1/2 by 11 inch white

paper, printed on one side only in black ink, with high contrast and good resolution. Bindings

for individual studies must be secure, but easily removable to permit disassembly for

microfilming. Check with EPA for special instructions before submitting data in any medium

other than paper, such as film or magnetic media.

Please be particularly attentive to the following points:

Do not include frayed or torn pages.

Do not include carbon copies, or copies in other than black ink.

Make sure that photocopies are clear, complete, and fully readable.

Do not include oversize computer printouts or fold-out pages.
188

Do not bind any documents with glue or binding tapes.

Make sure that all pages of each study, including any attachments or

appendices, are present and in correct sequence.

Number of Copies Required - All submittal packages except those associated with a

Registration Standard or Special Review (See Part G below) must be provided ln three

complete, identical copies. (The proposed regulations specified two copies; three are now

being required to expedite and reduce the cost of processing data into the OPP Pesticide

Document Management System and getting it into review.)

G. Special Requirements for Submitting Data to the Docket

Data submittal packages associated with a Registration Standard or Special Review

must be provided in four copies, from one of which all material claimed as CBI has been

excised. This fourth copy will become part of the public docket for the RS or SR case. If no

claims of confidentiality are made for the study, the fourth copy should be identical to the

other three. When portions of a study submitted in support of an RS or SR are claimed as

CBI, the first three copies will include the CBI material as provided in section D of this

notice. The following special preparation is required for the fourth copy.

Remove the "Supplemental Statement of Data Confidentiality Claims".

Remove the "Confidential Attachment".

Excise from the body of the study any information you claim as confidential,

even if it does not fall within the scope of FIFRA §10(d)(1)(A), (B), or (C). 

Do not close up or paraphrase text remaining after this excision.

Mark the fourth copy plainly on both its cover and its title page with the phrase

"Public Docket Material - contains no information claimed as confidential".
189

V. For Further Information

For further information contact John Carley, Chief, Information Services Branch,

Program Management and Support Division, (703) 305-5240.

/S/

James W. Akerman

Acting Director,

Registration Division

Attachment 1. Sample Transmittal Document

Attachment 2. Sample Title Page for a Newly Submitted Study

Attachment 3. Statements of Data Confidentiality Claims

Attachment 4. Supplemental Statement of Data Confidentiality Claims

Attachment 5. Samples of Confidential Attachments

Attachment 6. Sample Good Laboratory Practice Statements

Attachment 7. Format Diagrams for Submittal Packages and Studies
190

ATTACHMENT 1 

ELEMENTS TO BE INCLUDED IN THE TRANSMITTAL DOCUMENT*

1. Name and address of submitter (or all joint submitters**)

Smith Chemical Corporation Jones Chemical Company +

 1234 West Smith Street -and- 5678 Wilson Blvd

 Cincinnati, OH 98765 Covington, KY 56789

Smith Chemical Corp will act as sole agent for all submitters. +

2. Regulatory action in support of which this package is submitted

Use the EPA identification number (e.g. 359-EUP-67) if you know it. Otherwise describe the

type of request (e.g. experimental use permit, data call-in - of xx-xx-xx date).

3. Transmittal date

4. List of submitted studies

Vol 1. Administrative materials - forms, previous corres-pondence with Project

Managers, and so forth.

Vol 2. Title of first study in the submittal (Guideline No.)

Vol n Title of nth study in the submittal (Guideline 

No.)

* Applicants commonly provide this information in a tran-smittal letter. This

remains an acceptable practice so long as all four elements are included.

* Indicate which of the joint submitters is empowered to act on behalf of all joint

submitters in any matter concerning data compensation or subsequent use or

release of the data.

Company Official:

Name Signature

Company Name

Company Contact: 

 Name Phone
191

ATTACHMENT 2 

SAMPLE STUDY TITLE PAGE FOR A NEWLY SUBMITTED STUDY

Study Title

(Chemical name) - Magnitude of Residue on Corn

Data Requirement

Guideline 171-4

Author

John C. Davis

Study Completed On

January 5, 1979

Performing Laboratory

ABC Agricultural Laboratories

940 West Bay Drive

Wilmington, CA 39897

Laboratory Project ID

ABC 47-79

Page 1 of X

(X is the total number of pages in the study)
192
193

No claim of confidentiality is made for any information contained in this

study on the basis of its falling within the scope of FIFRA

6§10(d)(1)(A), (B), or (C). 

Company 

 

Company Agent: Typed Name Date: 

 Title Signature 

Information claimed confidential on the basis of its falling within the

scope of FIFRA §10(d)(1)(A), (B), or (C) has been removed to a

confidential appendix, and is cited by cross-reference number in the body

of the study. 

 Company: 

 Company Agent: Typed Name Date: 

 Title Signature 

 

ATTACHMENT 3

STATEMENTS OF DATA CONFIDENTIALITY CLAIMS

1. No claim of confidentiality under FIFRA §10(d)(1)(A),(B), or (C).

STATEMENT OF NO DATA CONFIDENTIALITY CLAIMS 

2. Claim of confidentiality under FIFRA §10(d)(1)(A), (B), or (C).

STATEMENT OF DATA CONFIDENTIALITY CLAIMS

NOTE: Applicants for permanent or temporary tolerances should note that it is OPP policy

that no permanent tolerance, temporary tolerance, or request for an emergency exemption

incorporating an analytical method, can be approved unless the applicant waives all claims of

confidentiality for the analytical method. These analytical methods are published in the FDA

Pesticide Analytical Methods Manual, and therefore cannot be claimed as confidential. OPP

implements this policy by returning submitted analytical methods, for which confidentiality

claims have been made, to the submitter, to obtain the confidentiality waiver before they can

be processed.
194

ATTACHMENT 4 

SUPPLEMENTAL STATEMENT OF DATA CONFIDENTIALITY CLAIMS

For any portion of a submitted study that is not described by FIFRA §10(d)(1)(A), (B),

or (C), but for which you claim confidential treatment on another basis, the following

information must be included within a Supplemental Statement of Data Confidentiality Claims:

Identify specifically by page and line number(s) each portion of the study for

which you claim confidentiality.

Cite the reasons why the cited passage qualifies for confidential treatment.

Indicate the length of time--until a specific date or event, or permanently--for

which the information should be treated as confidential.

Identify the measures taken to guard against undesired disclosure of this

information.

Describe the extent to which the information has been disclosed, and what

precautions have been taken in connection with those disclosures.

Enclose copies of any pertinent determinations of confidentiality made by EPA,

other Federal agencies, of courts concerning this information.

If you assert that disclosure of this information would be likely to result in

substantial harmful effects to you, describe those harmful effects and explain

why they should be viewed as substantial.

If you assert that the information in voluntarily submitted, indicate whether you

believe disclosure of this information might tend to lessen the availability to

EPA of similar information in the future, and if so, how.
195

CROSS REFERENCE NUMBER 1 This cross reference number is used in the study in place of the

following paragraph(s) at the indicated volume and page

references. 

DELETED WORDS OR PHRASE: Ethylene Glycol

PAGE LINES REASON FOR THE DELETION FIFRA

REFERENCE

 6 14 Identity of Inert Ingredient §10(d)(C)

 28 25 " "

100 19 " "

CROSS REFERENCE NUMBER 5 This cross reference number is used in the study in place of the

following paragraph(s) at the indicated volume and page

references. 

 DELETED PARAGRAPH(S): 

( )

( Reproduce the deleted paragraph(s) here )

( ) 

PAGE LINES REASON FOR THE DELETION FIFRA REFERENCE

 20. 2-17 Description of the quality control process §10(d)(1)(C) 

CROSS REFERENCE NUMBER 7 This cross reference number is used in the study in place of the

following paragraph(s) at the indicated volume and page

references. 

 DELETED PAGES(S): are attached immediately behind this page

PAGES REASON FOR THE DELETION FIFRA REFERENCE

35-41. Description of product manufacturing process §10(d)(1)(A) 

ATTACHMENT 5

EXAMPLES OF SEVERAL CONFIDENTIAL ATTACHMENTS

Example 1. (Confidential word or phrase that has been deleted from the study)

Example 2. (Confidential paragraph(s) that have been deleted from the study) 

Example 3. (Confidential pages that have been deleted from the study)
196
197

This study meets the requirements for 40 CFR Part 160

Submitter 

 

Sponsor 

This study does not meet the requirements of 40 CFR Part 160, and

differs in the following ways:

1.________________________________________________

2.________________________________________________

3.________________________________________________

Submitter____________________________________

Sponsor______________________________________

Study Director_______________________________

The submitter of this study was neither the sponsor of this study nor

conducted it, and does not know whether it has been conducted in

accordance with 40 CFR Part 160.

Submitter__________________________________________________

ATTACHMENT 6.

SAMPLE GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE STATEMENTS

Example 1.

Example 2.

Example 3.
198
199
200
201

PR Notice 91-2
202
203

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460

OFFICE OF 

PREVENTION, PESTICIDES

AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

PR NOTICE 91-2

NOTICE TO MANUFACTURERS, PRODUCERS, FORMULATORS,

AND REGISTRANTS OF PESTICIDES

ATTENTION: Persons Responsible for Federal Registration of Pesticide Products.

SUBJECT: Accuracy of Stated Percentages for Ingredients

Statement

I. PURPOSE:

The purpose of this notice is to clarify the Office of Pesticide Program's policy with

respect to the statement of percentages in a pesticide's label's ingredient statement.

Specifically, the amount (percent by weight) of ingredient(s) specified in the ingredient

statement on the label must be stated as the nominal concentration of such ingredient(s), as that

term is defined in 40 CFR 158.153(i). Accordingly, the Agency has established the nominal

concentration as the only acceptable label claim for the amount of active ingredient in the

product.

II. BACKGROUND

For some time the Agency has accepted two different methods of identifying on the

label what percentage is claimed for the ingredient(s) contained in a pesticide. Some applicants

claimed a percentage which represented a level between the upper and the lower certified

limits. This was referred to as the nominal concentration. Other applicants claimed the lower

limit as the percentage of the ingredient(s) that would be expected to be present in their

product at the end of the product's shelf-life. Unfortunately, this led to a great deal of

confusion among the regulated industry, the regulators, and the consumers as to exactly how

much of a given ingredient was in a given product. The Agency has established the nominal

concentration as the only acceptable label claim for the amount of active ingredient in the

product.

Current regulations require that the percentage listed in the active ingredient statement

be as precise as possible reflecting good manufacturing practices 40 CFR 156.10(g)(5). The

certified limits required for each active ingredient are intended to encompass any such "good

manufacturing practice" variations 40 CFR 158.175(c)(3). 

The upper and lower certified limits, which must be proposed in connection with a

product's registration, represent the amounts of an ingredient that may legally be present 40

CFR 158.175. The lower certified limit is used as the enforceable lower limit for the product

composition according to FIFRA section 12(a)(1)(C), while the nominal concentration

appearing on the label would be the routinely achieved concentration used for calculation of

dosages and dilutions.

The nominal concentration would in fact state the greatest degree of accuracy that is

warranted with respect to actual product composition because the nominal concentration would

be the amount of active ingredient typically found in the product.

It is important for registrants to note that certified limits for active ingredients are not

considered to be trade secret information under FIFRA section l0(b). In this respect the
204

certified limits will be routinely provided by EPA to States for enforcement purposes, since

the nominal concentration appearing on the label may not represent the enforceable

composition for purposes of section 12(a)(1)(C).

III. REQUIREMENTS

As described below under Unit V. " COMPLIANCE SCHEDULE," all currently

registered products as well as all applications for new registration must comply with this

Notice by specifying the nominal concentration expressed as a percentage by weight as the

label claim in the ingredient(s) statement and equivalence statements if applicable (e.g.,

elemental arsenic, metallic zinc, salt of an acid). In addition, the requirement for performing

sample analyses of five or more representative samples must be fulfilled. Copies of the raw

analytical data must be submitted with the nominal ingredient label claim. Further information

about the analysis requirement may be found in the 40 CFR 158.170. All products are

required to provide certified limits for each active, inert ingredient, impurities of toxicological

significance(i.e., upper limit(s) only) and on a case by case basis as specified by EPA. These

limits are to be set based on representative sampling and chemical analysis(i.e., quality

control) of the product.

The format of the ingredient statement must conform to 40 CFR 156-Labeling

Requirements For Pesticides and Devices.

After July 1, 1997, all pesticide ingredient StatementS must be changed to

nominal concentration.

IV. PRODUCTS THAT REQUIRE EFFICACY DATA

All pesticides are required to be efficacious. Therefore, the certified lower limits may

not be lower then the minimum level to achieve efficacy. This is extremely important for

products which are intended to control pests which threaten the public health, e.g., certain

antimicrobial and rodenticide products. Refer to 40 CFR 153.640.

In those cases where efficacy limits have been established, the Agency will not accept

certified lower limits which are below that level for the shelf life of the product.

V. COMPLIANCE SCHEDULE

As described earlier, the purpose of this Notice is to make the registration process

more uniform and more manageable for both the agency and the regulated community. It is

the Agency's intention to implement the requirements of this notice as smoothly as possible so

as not to disrupt or delay the Agency's high priority programs, i.e., reregistration, new

chemical, or fast track (FIFRA section 3(c)(3)(B). Therefore, applicants/registrants are

expected to comply with the requirements of this Notice as follows:

(1) Beginning July 1, 1991, all new product registrations submitted to the Agency

are to comply with the requirements of this Notice.

(2) Registrants having products subject to reregistration under FIFRA section 4(a)

are to comply with the requirements of this Notice when specific products are

called in by the Agency under Phase V of the Reregistration Program.
205

(3) All other products/applications that are not subject to (1) and (2) above will

have until July 1, 1997, to comply with this Notice. Such applications should

note "Conversion to Nominal Concentrations on the application form. These

types Or amendments will not be handled as "Fast Track" applications but will

be handled as routine requests.

VI. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION

Contact Tyrone Aiken for information or questions concerning this notice on (703) 308-7031.

/s/

Anne E. Lindsay, Director

Registration Division (H-7505C)
206
207

APPENDIX F. Combined Generic and Product Specific

Data Call-In
208
209

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460

OFFICE OF 

PREVENTION, PESTICIDES

AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

GENERIC AND PRODUCT SPECIFIC

DATA CALL-IN NOTICE

CERTIFIED MAIL

Dear Sir or Madam:

This Notice requires you and other registrants of pesticide products containing the

active ingredient identified in Attachment A of this Notice, the Data Call-In Chemical Status

Sheet, to submit certain data as noted herein to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

(EPA, the Agency). These data are necessary to maintain the continued registration of your

product(s) containing this active ingredient. Within 90 days after you receive this Notice you

must respond as set forth in Section III below. Your response must state:

1. How you will comply with the requirements set forth in this Notice and its

Attachments 1 through 7; or

2. Why you believe you are exempt from the requirements listed in this Notice and

in Attachment 3 (for both generic and product specific data), the Requirements

Status and Reqistrant's Response Form, (see section III-B); or

3. Why you believe EPA should not require your submission of data in the manner

specified by this Notice (see section III-D).

If you do not respond to this Notice, or if you do not satisfy EPA that you will comply

with its requirements or should be exempt or excused from doing so, then the registration of

your product(s) subject to this Notice will be subject to suspension. We have provided a list of

all of your products subject to this Notice in Attachment 2. All products are listed on both the

generic and product specific Data Call-In Response Forms. Also included is a list of all

registrants who were sent this Notice (Attachment 6).

The authority for this Notice is section 3(c)(2)(B) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide

and Rodenticide Act as amended (FIFRA), 7 U.S.C. section 136a(c)(2)(B). Collection of this

information is authorized under the Paperwork Reduction Act by OMB Approval No.

2070-0107 and 2070-0057 (expiration date 3-31-96).

This Notice is divided into six sections and seven Attachments. The Notice itself

contains information and instructions applicable to all Data Call-In Notices. The Attachments

contain specific chemical information and instructions. The six sections of the Notice are:

Section I - Why You are Receiving this Notice

Section II - Data Required by this Notice

Section III - Compliance with Requirements of this Notice

Section IV - Consequences of Failure to Comply with this Notice

Section V - Registrants' Obligation to Report Possible Unreasonable Adverse Effects

Section VI - Inquiries and Responses to this Notice
210

The Attachments to this Notice are:

1 - Data Call-In Chemical Status Sheet

2 - Generic Data Call-In and Product Specific Data Call-In Response Forms with

Instructions

3 - Generic Data Call-In and Product Specific Data Call-In Requirements Status

and Registrant's Response Forms with Instructions

4 - EPA Batching of End-Use Products for Meeting Acute Toxicology Data

Requirements for Reregistration

5 - EPA Acceptance Criteria

6 - List of Registrants Receiving This Notice

7 - Cost Share and Data Compensation Forms

SECTION I. WHY YOU ARE RECEIVING THIS NOTICE

The Agency has reviewed existing data for this active ingredient(s) and reevaluated the

data needed to support continued registration of the subject active ingredient(s). This

reevaluation identified additional data necessary to assess the health and safety of the continued

use of products containing this active ingredient(s). You have been sent this Notice because

you have product(s) containing the subject active ingredients.
211

SECTION II. DATA REQUIRED BY THIS NOTICE

II-A. DATA REQUIRED

The data required by this Notice are specified in the Requirements Status and

Registrant's Response Forms: Attachment 3 (for both generic and product specific data

requirements). Depending on the results of the studies required in this Notice, additional

studies/testing may be required.

II-B. SCHEDULE FOR SUBMISSION OF DATA

You are required to submit the data or otherwise satisfy the data requirements specified

in the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Forms (Attachment 3) within the

timeframes provided.

II-C. TESTING PROTOCOL

All studies required under this Notice must be conducted in accordance with test

standards outlined in the Pesticide Assessment Guidelines for those studies for which

guidelines have been established.

These EPA Guidelines are available from the National Technical Information Service

(NTIS), Attn: Order Desk, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Va 22161 (Telephone number:

703-487-4650).

Protocols approved by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

(OECD) are also acceptable if the OECD recommended test standards conform to those

specified in the Pesticide Data Requirements regulation (40 CFR § 158.70). When using the

OECD protocols, they should be modified as appropriate so that the data generated by the

study will satisfy the requirements of 40 CFR § 158. Normally, the Agency will not extend

deadlines for complying with data requirements when the studies were not conducted in

accordance with acceptable standards. The OECD protocols are available from OECD, 2001 L

Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 (Telephone number 202-785-6323; Fax telephone

number 202-785-0350).

All new studies and proposed protocols submitted in response to this Data Call-In

Notice must be in accordance with Good Laboratory Practices [40 CFR Part 160].

II-D. REGISTRANTS RECEIVING PREVIOUS SECTION 3(c)(2)(B) NOTICES ISSUED

BY THE AGENCY

Unless otherwise noted herein, this Data Call-In does not in any way supersede or

change the requirements of any previous Data Call-In(s), or any other agreements entered into

with the Agency pertaining to such prior Notice. Registrants must comply with the

requirements of all Notices to avoid issuance of a Notice of Intent to Suspend their affected

products.

SECTION III. COMPLIANCE WITH REQUIREMENTS OF THIS NOTICE

You must use the correct forms and instructions when completing your response to this

Notice. The type of Data Call-In you must comply with (Generic or Product Specific) is

specified in item number 3 on the four Data Call-In forms (Attachments 2 and 3).

III-A. SCHEDULE FOR RESPONDING TO THE AGENCY
212

The appropriate responses initially required by this Notice for generic and product

specific data must be submitted to the Agency within 90 days after your receipt of this Notice.

Failure to adequately respond to this Notice within 90 days of your receipt will be a basis for

issuing a Notice of Intent to Suspend (NOIS) affecting your products. This and other bases for

issuance of NOIS due to failure to comply with this Notice are presented in Section IV-A and

IV-B.

III-B. OPTIONS FOR RESPONDING TO THE AGENCY

1. Generic Data Requirements

The options for responding to this Notice for generic data requirements are: (a)

voluntary cancellation, (b) delete use(s), (c) claim generic data exemption, (d) agree to satisfy

the generic data requirements imposed by this Notice or (e) request a data waiver(s).

A discussion of how to respond if you choose the Voluntary Cancellation option, the

Delete Use(s) option or the Generic Data Exemption option is presented below. A discussion

of the various options available for satisfying the generic data requirements of this Notice is

contained in Section III-C. A discussion of options relating to requests for data waivers is

contained in Section III-D.

Two forms apply to generic data requirements, one or both of which must be used in

responding to the Agency, depending upon your response. These two forms are the

Data-Call-In Response Form, and the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Form,

(contained in Attachments 2 and 3, respectively). 

The Data Call-In Response Forms must be submitted as part of every response to this

Notice. The Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Forms also must be submitted if

you do not qualify for a Generic Data Exemption or are not requesting voluntary cancellation

of your registration(s). Please note that the company's authorized representative is required to

sign the first page of both Data Call-In Response Forms and the Requirements Status and

Registrant's Response Forms (if this form is required) and initial any subsequent pages. The

forms contain separate detailed instructions on the response options. Do not alter the printed

material. If you have questions or need assistance in preparing your response, call or write the

contact person(s) identified in Attachment 1.

a. Voluntary Cancellation - 

You may avoid the requirements of this Notice by requesting voluntary cancellation of

your product(s) containing the active ingredient that is the subject of this Notice. If you wish

to voluntarily cancel your product, you must submit completed Generic and Product Specific

Data Call-In Response Forms (Attachment 2), indicating your election of this option.

Voluntary cancellation is item number 5 on both Data Call-In Response Form(s). If you

choose this option, these are the only forms that you are required to complete.

If you chose to voluntarily cancel your product, further sale and distribution of your

product after the effective date of cancellation must be in accordance with the Existing Stocks

provisions of this Notice, which are contained in Section IV-C.

b. Use Deletion - 

You may avoid the requirements of this Notice by eliminating the uses of your product

to which the requirements apply. If you wish to amend your registration to delete uses, you

must submit the Requirements Status and Reqistrant's Response Form (Attachment 3), a

completed application for amendment, a copy of your proposed amended labeling, and all

other information required for processing the application. Use deletion is option number 7
213

under item 9 in the instructions for the Requirements Status and Reqistrant's Response Forms.

You must also complete a Data Call-In Response Form by signing the certification, item

number 8. Application forms for amending registrations may be obtained from the

Registration Support Branch, Registration Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, EPA, by

calling (703) 308-8358.

If you choose to delete the use(s) subject to this Notice or uses subject to specific data

requirements, further sale, distribution, or use of your product after one year from the due

date of your 90 day response, is allowed only if the product bears an amended label.

c. Generic Data Exemption - 

Under section 3(c)(2)(D) of FIFRA, an applicant for registration of a product is

exempt from the requirement to submit or cite generic data concerning an active ingredient if

the active ingredient in the product is derived exclusively from purchased, registered pesticide

products containing the active ingredient. EPA has concluded, as an exercise of its discretion,

that it normally will not suspend the registration of a product which would qualify and

continue to qualify for the generic data exemption in section 3(c)(2)(D) of FIFRA. To qualify,

all of the following requirements must be met:

(i). The active ingredient in your registered product must be present solely because of

incorporation of another registered product which contains the subject active ingredient

and is purchased from a source not connected with you;

(ii). Every registrant who is the ultimate source of the active ingredient in your

product subject to this DCI must be in compliance with the requirements of this Notice

and must remain in compliance; and

(iii). You must have provided to EPA an accurate and current "Confidential Statement

of Formula" for each of your products to which this Notice applies.

To apply for the Generic Data Exemption you must submit a completed Data Call-In

Response Form, Attachment 2 and all supporting documentation. The Generic Data Exemption

is item number 6a on the Data Call-In Response Form. If you claim a generic data exemption

you are not required to complete the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Form.

Generic Data Exemption cannot be selected as an option for responding to product specific

data requirements.

If you are granted a Generic Data Exemption, you rely on the efforts of other persons

to provide the Agency with the required data. If the registrant(s) who have committed to

generate and submit the required data fail to take appropriate steps to meet requirements or are

no longer in compliance with this Data Call-In Notice, the Agency will consider that both they

and you are not compliance and will normally initiate proceedings to suspend the registrations

of both your and their product(s), unless you commit to submit and do submit the required

data within the specified time. In such cases the Agency generally will not grant a time

extension for submitting the data.

d. Satisfying the Generic Data Requirements of this Notice

There are various options available to satisfy the generic data requirements of this

Notice. These options are discussed in Section III-C.1. of this Notice and comprise options 1

through 6 of item 9 in the instructions for the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response

Form and item 6b on the Data Call-In Response Form. If you choose item 6b (agree to satisfy

the generic data requirements), you must submit the Data Call-In Response Form and the

Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Form as well as any other information/data
214

pertaining to the option chosen to address the data requirement. Your response must be on the

forms marked "GENERIC" in item number 3.

e. Request for Generic Data Waivers.

Waivers for generic data are discussed in Section III-D.1. of this Notice and are

covered by options 8 and 9 of item 9 in the instructions for the Requirements Status and

Registrant's Response Form. If you choose one of these options, you must submit both forms

as well as any other information/data pertaining to the option chosen to address the data

requirement.

2. Product Specific Data Requirements

The options for responding to this Notice for product specific data are: (a) voluntary

cancellation, (b) agree to satisfy the product specific data requirements imposed by this Notice

or (c) request a data waiver(s).

A discussion of how to respond if you choose the Voluntary Cancellation option is

presented below. A discussion of the various options available for satisfying the product

specific data requirements of this Notice is contained in Section III-C.2. A discussion of

options relating to requests for data waivers is contained in Section III-D.2.

Two forms apply to the product specific data requirements one or both of which must

be used in responding to the Agency, depending upon your response. These forms are the

Data-Call-In Response Form, and the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Form,

for product specific data (contained in Attachments 2 and 3, respectively). The Data Call-In

Response Form must be submitted as part of every response to this Notice. In addition, one

copy of the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Form also must be submitted for

each product listed on the Data Call-In Response Form unless the voluntary cancellation option

is selected. Please note that the company's authorized representative is required to sign the

first page of the Data Call-In Response Form and Requirements Status and Reqistrant's

Response Form (if this form is required) and initial any subsequent pages. The forms contain

separate detailed instructions on the response options. Do not alter the printed material. If you

have questions or need assistance in preparing your response, call or write the contact

person(s) identified in Attachment 1.

a. Voluntary Cancellation

You may avoid the requirements of this Notice by requesting voluntary cancellation of

your product(s) containing the active ingredient that is the subject of this Notice. If you wish

to voluntarily cancel your product, you must submit a completed Data Call-In Response Form,

indicating your election of this option. Voluntary cancellation is item number 5 on both the

Generic and Product Specific Data Call-In Response Forms. If you choose this 

option, you must complete both Data Call-In response forms. These are the only forms that

you are required to complete. 

If you choose to voluntarily cancel your product, further sale and distribution of your

product after the effective date of cancellation must be in accordance with the Existing Stocks

provisions of this Notice which are contained in Section IV-C.
215

b. Satisfying the Product Specific Data Requirements of this Notice. 

There are various options available to satisfy the product specific data requirements of

this Notice. These options are discussed in Section III-C.2. of this Notice and comprise

options 1 through 6 of item 9 in the instructions for the product specific Requirements Status

and Reqistrant's Response Form and item numbers 7a and 7b (agree to satisfy the product

specific data requirements for an MUP or EUP as applicable) on the product specific Data

Call-In Response Form. Note that the options available for addressing product specific data

requirements differ slightly from those options for fulfilling generic data requirements.

Deletion of a use(s) and the low volume/minor use option are not valid options for fulfilling

product specific data requirements. It is important to ensure that you are using the correct

forms and instructions when completing your response to the Reregistration Eligibility

Decision document.

c. Request for Product Specific Data Waivers.

Waivers for product specific data are discussed in Section III-D.2. of this Notice and

are covered by option 7 of item 9 in the instructions for the Requirements Status and

Registrant's Response Form. If you choose this option, you must submit the Data Call-In

Response Form and the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Form as well as any

other information/data pertaining to the option chosen to address the data requirement. Your

response must be on the forms marked "PRODUCT SPECIFIC" in item number 3. 

III-C SATISFYING THE DATA REQUIREMENTS OF THIS NOTICE

1. Generic Data

If you acknowledge on the Generic Data Call-In Response Form that you agree to

satisfy the generic data requirements (i.e. you select item number 6b), then you must select

one of the six options on the Generic Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Form

related to data production for each data requirement. Your option selection should be entered

under item number 9, "Registrant Response." The six options related to data production are

the first six options discussed under item 9 in the instructions for completing the Requirements

Status and Registrant's Response Form. These six options are listed 

immediately below with information in parentheses to guide you to additional instructions

provided in this Section. The options are:

(1) I will generate and submit data within the specified timeframe (Developing

Data)

(2) I have entered into an agreement with one or more registrants to develop data

jointly (Cost Sharing) 

(3) I have made offers to cost-share (Offers to Cost Share)

(4) I am submitting an existing study that has not been submitted previously to the

Agency by anyone (Submitting an Existing Study) 

(5) I am submitting or citing data to upgrade a study classified by EPA as partially

acceptable and upgradeable (Upgrading a Study)

(6) I am citing an existing study that EPA has classified as acceptable or an existing

study that has been submitted but not reviewed by the Agency (Citing an

Existing Study)

Option 1. Developing Data

If you choose to develop the required data it must be in conformance with Agency

deadlines and with other Agency requirements as referenced herein and in the attachments. All

data generated and submitted must comply with the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) rule (40

CFR Part 160), be conducted according to the Pesticide Assessment Guidelines (PAG) and be
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in conformance with the requirements of PR Notice 86-5. In addition, certain studies require

Agency approval of test protocols in advance of study initiation. Those studies for which a

protocol must be submitted have been identified in the Requirements Status and Registrant's

Response Form and/or footnotes to the form. If you wish to use a protocol which differs from

the options discussed in Section II-C of this Notice, you must submit a detailed description of

the proposed protocol and your reason for wishing to use it. The Agency may choose to reject

a protocol not specified in Section II-C. If the Agency rejects your protocol you will be

notified in writing, however, you should be aware that rejection of a proposed protocol will

not be a basis for extending the deadline for submission of data.

A progress report must be submitted for each study within 90 days from the date you

are required to commit to generate or undertake some other means to address that study

requirement, such as making an offer to cost share or agreeing to share in the cost of

developing that study. This 90-day progress report must include the date the study was or will

be initiated and, for studies to be started within 12 months of commitment, the name and

address of the laboratory(ies) or individuals who are or will be conducting the study.

In addition, if the time frame for submission of a final report is more than 1 year,

interim reports must be submitted at 12 month intervals from the date you are required to

commit to generate or otherwise address the requirement for the study. In addition to the other

information specified in the preceding paragraph, at a minimum, a brief description of current

activity on and the status of the study must be included as well as a full

description of any problems encountered since the last progress report.

The time frames in the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Form are the

time frames that the Agency is allowing for the submission of completed study reports or

protocols. The noted deadlines run from the date of the receipt of this Notice by the registrant.

If the data are not submitted by the deadline, each registrant is subject to receipt of a Notice of

Intent to Suspend the affected registration(s).

If you cannot submit the data/reports to the Agency in the time required by this Notice

and intend to seek additional time to meet the requirements(s), you must submit a request to

the Agency which includes: (1) a detailed description of the expected difficulty and (2) a

proposed schedule including alternative dates for meeting such requirements on a step-by-step

basis. You must explain any technical or laboratory difficulties and provide documentation

from the laboratory performing the testing. While EPA is considering your request, the

original deadline remains. The Agency will respond to your request in writing. If EPA does

not grant your request, the original deadline remains. Normally, extensions can be requested

only in cases of extraordinary testing problems beyond the expectation or control of the

registrant. Extensions will not be given in submitting the 90-day responses. Extensions will

not be considered if the request for extension is not made in a timely fashion; in no event shall

an extension request be considered if it is submitted at or after the lapse of the subject

deadline.

Option 2. Agreement to Share in Cost to Develop Data

If you choose to enter into an agreement to share in the cost of producing the required

data but will not be submitting the data yourself, you must provide the name of the registrant

who will be submitting the data. You must also provide EPA with documentary evidence that

an agreement has been formed. Such evidence may be your letter offering to join in an

agreement and the other registrant's acceptance of your offer, or a written statement by the

parties that an agreement exists. The agreement to produce the data need not specify all of the

terms of the final arrangement between the parties or the mechanism to resolve the terms.

Section 3(c)(2)(B) provides that if the parties cannot resolve the terms of the agreement they

may resolve their differences through binding arbitration.
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Option 3. Offer to Share in the Cost of Data Development

If you have made an offer to pay in an attempt to enter into an agreement or amend an

existing agreement to meet the requirements of this Notice and have been unsuccessful, you

may request EPA (by selecting this option) to exercise its discretion not to suspend your

registration(s), although you do not comply with the data submission requirements of this

Notice. EPA has determined that as a general policy, absent other relevant considerations, it

will not suspend the registration of a product of a registrant who has in good faith sought and

continues to seek to enter into a joint data development/cost sharing program, but the other

registrant(s) developing the data has refused to accept the offer. To qualify for this option, you

must submit documentation to the Agency proving that you have made an offer to another

registrant (who has an obligation to submit data) to share in the burden of developing that

data. You must also submit to the Agency a completed EPA Form 8570-32, Certification of

Offer to Cost Share in the Development of Data, Attachment 7. In addition, you must

demonstrate that the other registrant to whom the offer was made has not accepted your offer

to enter into a cost-sharing agreement by including a copy of your offer and proof of the other

registrant's receipt of that offer (such as a certified mail receipt). Your offer must, in addition

to anything else, offer to share in the burden of producing the data upon terms to be agreed to

or, failing agreement, to be bound by binding arbitration as provided by FIFRA section

3(c)(2)(B)(iii) and must not qualify this offer. The other registrant must also inform EPA of its

election of an option to develop and submit the data required by this Notice by submitting a

Data Call-In Response Form and a Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Form

committing to develop and submit the data required by this Notice.

In order for you to avoid suspension under this option, you may not withdraw your

offer to share in the burden of developing the data. In addition, the other registrant must fulfill

its commitment to develop and submit the data as required by this Notice. If the other

registrant fails to develop the data or for some other reason is subject to suspension, your

registration as well as that of the other registrant normally will be subject to initiation of

suspension proceedings, unless you commit to submit, and do submit, the required data in the

specified time frame. In such cases, the Agency generally will not grant a time extension for

submitting the data.

Option 4. Submitting an Existing Study

If you choose to submit an existing study in response to this Notice, you must

determine that the study satisfies the requirements imposed by this Notice. You may only

submit a study that has not been previously submitted to the Agency or previously cited by

anyone. Existing studies are studies which predate issuance of this Notice. Do not use this

option if you are submitting data to upgrade a study. (See Option 5).

You should be aware that if the Agency determines that the study is not acceptable, the

Agency will require you to comply with this Notice, normally without an extension of the

required date of submission. The Agency may determine at any time that a study is not valid

and needs to be repeated.

To meet the requirements of the DCI Notice for submitting an existing study, all of the

following three criteria must be clearly Met:

a. You must certify at the time that the existing study is submitted that the raw

data and specimens from the study are available for audit and review and you

must identify where they are available. This must be done in accordance with

the requirements of the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) regulation, 40 CFR

Part 160. As stated in 40 CFR 160.3 'Raw data' means any laboratory

worksheets, records, memoranda, notes, or exact copies thereof, that are the
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result of original observations and activities of a study and are necessary for the

reconstruction and evaluation of the report of that study. In the event that exact

transcripts of raw data have been prepared (e.g., tapes which have been

transcribed verbatim, dated, and verified accurate by signature), the exact copy

or exact transcript may be substituted for the original source as raw data. 'Raw

data' may include photographs, microfilm or microfiche copies, computer

printouts, magnetic media, including dictated observations, and recorded data

from automated instruments." The term "specimens", according to 40 CFR

160.3, means "any material derived from a test system for examination or

analysis."

b. Health and safety studies completed after May 1984 also must also contain all

GLP-required quality assurance and quality control information, pursuant to the

requirements of 40 CFR Part 160. Registrants also must certify at the time of

submitting the existing study that such GLP information is available for post

May 1984 studies by including an appropriate statement on or attached to the

study signed by an authorized official or representative of the registrant.

c. You must certify that each study fulfills the acceptance criteria for the Guideline

relevant to the study provided in the FIFRA Accelerated Reregistration Phase 3

Technical Guidance and that the study has been conducted according to the

Pesticide Assessment Guidelines (PAG) or meets the purpose of the PAG (both

available from NTIS). A study not conducted according to the PAG may be

submitted to the Agency for consideration if the registrant believes that the

study clearly meets the purpose of the PAG. The registrant is referred to 40

CFR 158.70 which states the Agency's policy regarding acceptable protocols. If

you wish to submit the study, you must, in addition to certifying that the

purposes of the PAG are met by the study, clearly articulate the rationale why

you believe the study meets the purpose of the PAG, including copies of any

supporting information or data. It has been the Agency's experience that studies

completed prior to January 1970 rarely satisfied the purpose of the PAG and

that necessary raw data usually are not available for such studies.

If you submit an existing study, you must certify that the study meets all requirements

of the criteria outlined above.

If EPA has previously reviewed a protocol for a study you are submitting, you must

identify any action taken by the Agency on the protocol and must indicate, as part of your

certification, the manner in which all Agency comments, concerns, or issues were addressed

in the final protocol and study.

If you know of a study pertaining to any requirement in this Notice which does not

meet the criteria outlined above but does contain factual information regarding unreasonable

adverse effects, you must notify the Agency of such a study. If such study is in the Agency's

files, you need only cite it along with the notification. If not in the Agency's files, you must

submit a summary and copies as required by PR Notice 86-5.

Option 5. Upgrading a Study

If a study has been classified as partially acceptable and upgradeable, you may submit

data to upgrade that study. The Agency will review the data submitted and determine if the

requirement is satisfied. If the Agency decides the requirement is not satisfied, you may still

be required to submit new data normally without any time extension. Deficient, but

upgradeable studies will normally be classified as supplemental. However, it is important to

note that not all studies classified as supplemental are upgradeable. If you have questions

regarding the classification of a study or whether a study may be upgraded, call or write the
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contact person listed in Attachment 1. If you submit data to upgrade an existing study you

must satisfy or supply information to correct all deficiencies in the study identified by EPA.

You must provide a clearly articulated rationale of how the deficiencies have been remedied or

corrected and why the study should be rated as acceptable to EPA. Your submission must also

specify the MRID number(s) of the study which you are attempting to upgrade and must be in

conformance with PR Notice 86-5.

Do not submit additional data for the purpose of upgrading a study classified as

unacceptable and determined by the Agency as not capable of being upgraded.

This option also should be used to cite data that has been previously submitted to

upgrade a study, but has not yet been reviewed by the Agency. You must provide the MRID

number of the data submission as well as the MRID number of the study being upgraded.

The criteria for submitting an existing study, as specified in Option 4 above, apply to

all data submissions intended to upgrade studies. Additionally, your submission of data

intended to upgrade studies must be accompanied by a certification that you comply with each

of those criteria, as well as a certification regarding protocol compliance with Agency 

requirements.

Option 6. Citing Existing Studies

If you choose to cite a study that has been previously submitted to EPA, that study

must have been previously classified by EPA as acceptable, or it must be a study which has

not yet been reviewed by the Agency. Acceptable toxicology studies generally will have been

classified as "core-guideline" or "core-minimum." For ecological effects studies, the

classification generally would be a rating of "core." For all other disciplines the classification

would be "acceptable." With respect to any studies for which you wish to select this option,

you must provide the MRID number of the study you are citing and, if the study has been

reviewed by the Agency, you must provide the Agency's classification of the study.

If you are citing a study of which you are not the original data submitter, you must

submit a completed copy of EPA Form 8570-31, Certification with Respect to Data

Compensation Requirements.

2. Product Specific Data

If you acknowledge on the product specific Data Call-In Response Form that you agree

to satisfy the product specific data requirements (i.e. you select option 7a or 7b), then you

must select one of the six options on the Requirements Status and Reqistrant's Response Form

related to data production for each data requirement. Your option selection should be entered

under item number 9, "Registrant Response." The six options related to data production are

the first six options discussed under item 9 in the instructions for completing the Requirements

Status and Registrant's Response Form. These six options are listed immediately below with

information in parentheses to guide registrants to additional instructions provided in this

Section. The options are:

(1) I will generate and submit data within the specified time-frame (Developing

Data)

(2) I have entered into an agreement with one or more registrants to develop data

jointly (Cost Sharing) 

(3) I have made offers to cost-share (Offers to Cost Share)

(4) I am submitting an existing study that has not been submitted previously to the

Agency by anyone (Submitting an Existing Study) 

(5) I am submitting or citing data to upgrade a study classified by EPA as partially

acceptable and upgradeable (Upgrading a Study)
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(6) I am citing an existing study that EPA has classified as acceptable or an existing

study that has been

submitted but not reviewed by the Agency (Citing an Existing Study)

Option 1. Developing Data -- The requirements for developing product specific data are the

same as those described for generic data (see Section III.C.1, Option 1) except that normally

no protocols or progress reports are required.

Option 2. Agree to Share in Cost to Develop Data -- If you enter into an agreement to cost

share, the same requirements apply to product specific data as to generic data (see Section

III.C.1, Option 2). However, registrants may only choose this option for acute toxicity data

and certain efficacy data and only if EPA has indicated in the attached data tables that your

product and at least one other product are similar for purposes of depending on

the same data. If this is the case, data may be generated for just one of the products in the

group. The registration number of the product for which data will be submitted must be noted

in the agreement to cost share by the registrant selecting this option.

Option 3. Offer to Share in the Cost of Data Development --The same requirements for

generic data (Section III.C.I., Option 3) apply to this option. This option only applies to acute

toxicity and certain efficacy data as described in option 2 above.

Option 4. Submitting an Existing Study -- The same requirements described for generic data

(see Section III.C.1., Option 4) apply to this option for product specific data.

Option 5. Upgrading a Study -- The same requirements described for generic data (see Section

III.C.1., Option 5) apply to this option for product specific data.

Option 6. Citing Existing Studies -- The same requirements described for generic data (see

Section III.C.1., Option 6) apply to this option for product specific data.

Registrants who select one of the above 6 options must meet all of the requirements

described in the instructions for completing the Data Call-In Response Form and the

Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Form, and in the generic data requirements

section (III.C.1.), as appropriate.

III-D REQUESTS FOR DATA WAIVERS

1. Generic Data

There are two types of data waiver responses to this Notice. The first is a request for a

low volume/minor use waiver and the second is a waiver request based on your belief that the

data requirement(s) are not appropriate for your product.

a. Low Volume/Minor Use Waiver

Option 8 under item 9 on the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response

Form. Section 3(c)(2)(A) of FIFRA requires EPA to consider the appropriateness of

requiring data for low volume, minor use pesticides. In implementing this provision,

EPA considers low volume pesticides to be only those active ingredients whose total 

production volume for all pesticide registrants is small. In determining whether to grant a low

volume, minor use waiver, the Agency will consider the extent, pattern and volume of use, the

economic incentive to conduct the testing, the importance of the pesticide, and the exposure

and risk from use of the pesticide. If an active ingredient is used for both high volume and low

volume uses, a low volume exemption will not be approved. If all uses of an active ingredient

are low volume and the combined volumes for all uses are also low, then an exemption may be
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granted, depending on review of other information outlined below. An exemption will not be

granted if any registrant of the active ingredient elects to conduct the testing. Any registrant

receiving a low volume minor use waiver must remain within the sales figures in their forecast

supporting the waiver request in order to remain qualified for such waiver. If granted a

waiver, a registrant will be required, as a condition of the waiver, to submit annual sales

reports. The Agency will respond to requests for waivers in writing.

To apply for a low volume, minor use waiver, you must submit the following

information, as applicable to your product(s), as part of your 90-day response to this

Notice:

(i). Total company sales (pounds and dollars) of all registered product(s)

containing the active ingredient. If applicable to the active ingredient, include foreign

sales for those products that are not registered in this country but are applied to sugar

(cane or beet), coffee, bananas, cocoa, and other such crops. Present the above

information by year for each of the past five years.

(ii) Provide an estimate of the sales (pounds and dollars) of the active

ingredient for each major use site. Present the above information by year for each of

the past five years.

(iii) Total direct production cost of product(s) containing the active ingredient

by year for the past five years. Include information on raw material cost, direct labor

cost, advertising, sales and marketing, and any other significant costs listed separately.

(iv) Total indirect production cost (e.g. plant overhead, amortized plant and

equipment) charged to product(s) containing the active ingredient by year for the past

five years. Exclude all non-recurring costs that were directly related to the active

ingredient, such as costs of initial registration and any data development.

(v) A list of each data requirement for which you seek a waiver. Indicate the

type of waiver sought and the estimated cost to you (listed separately for each data

requirement and associated test) of conducting the testing needed to fulfill each of these

data requirements.

(vi) A list of each data requirement for which you are not seeking any waiver

and the estimated cost to you (listed separately for each data requirement and associated

test) of conducting the testing needed to fulfill each of these data requirements.

(vii) For each of the next ten years, a year-by-year forecast of company sales

(pounds and dollars) of the active ingredient, direct production costs of product(s)

containing the active ingredient (following the parameters in item 2 above), indirect

production costs of product(s) containing the active ingredient (following the

parameters in item 3 above), and costs of data development pertaining to the active

ingredient.

(viii) A description of the importance and unique benefits of the active

ingredient to users. Discuss the use patterns and the effectiveness of the active

ingredient relative to registered alternative chemicals and non-chemical control

strategies. Focus on benefits unique to the active ingredient, providing information that

is as quantitative as possible. If you do not have quantitative data upon which to base

your estimates, then present the reasoning used to derive your estimates. To assist the

Agency in determining the degree of importance of the active ingredient in terms of its

benefits, you should provide information on any of the following factors, as applicable

to your product(s): (a) documentation of the usefulness of the active ingredient in

Integrated Pest Management, (b) description of the beneficial impacts on the
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environment of use of the active ingredient, as opposed to its registered alternatives,

(c) information on the breakdown of the active ingredient after use and on its

persistence in the environment, and (d) description of its usefulness against a pest(s) of

public health significance.

Failure to submit sufficient information for the Agency to make a determination

regarding a request for a low volume/minor use waiver will result in denial of the

request for a waiver.

b. Request for Waiver of Data

Option 9, under Item 9, on the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response

Form. This option may be used if you believe that a particular data requirement should

not apply because the requirement is inappropriate. You must submit a rationale

explaining why you believe the data requirements should not apply. You also must

submit the current label(s) of your product(s) and, if a current copy of your

Confidential Statement of Formula is not already on file you must submit a current

copy.

You will be informed of the Agency's decision in writing. If the Agency

determines that the data requirements of this Notice are not appropriate to your

product(s), you will not be required to supply the data pursuant to section 3(c)(2)(B). If

EPA determines that the data are required for your product(s), you must choose a

method of meeting the requirements of this Notice within the time frame provided by

this Notice. Within 30 days of your receipt of the Agency's written decision, you must

submit a revised Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Form indicating the

option chosen.

2. Product Specific Data

If you request a waiver for product specific data because you believe it is

inappropriate, you must attach a complete justification for the request including

technical reasons, data and references to relevant EPA regulations, guidelines or

policies. (Note: any supplemental data must be submitted in the format required by PR

Notice 86-5). This will be the only opportunity to state the reasons or provide

information in support of your request. If the Agency approves your waiver request,

you will not be required to supply the data pursuant to section 3(c)(2)(B) of FIFRA. If

the Agency denies your waiver request, you must choose an option for meeting the data

requirements of this Notice within 30 days of the receipt of the Agency's decision. 

You must indicate and submit the option chosen on the product specific Requirements

Status and Registrant's Response Form. Product specific data requirements for product

chemistry, acute toxicity and efficacy (where appropriate) are required for all products

and the Agency would grant a waiver only under extraordinary circumstances. You

should also be aware that submitting a waiver request will not automatically extend the

due date for the study in question. Waiver requests submitted without adequate

supporting rationale will be denied and the original due date will remain in force.

SECTION IV. CONSEQUENCES OF FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THIS

NOTICE

IV-A NOTICE OF INTENT TO SUSPEND

The Agency may issue a Notice of Intent to Suspend products subject to this Notice due

to failure by a registrant to comply with the requirements of this Data Call-In Notice, pursuant
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to FIFRA section 3(c)(2)(B). Events which may be the basis for issuance of a Notice of Intent

to Suspend include, but are not limited to, the following:

1. Failure to respond as required by this Notice within 90 days of your receipt of

this Notice.

2. Failure to submit on the required schedule an acceptable proposed or final

protocol when such is required to be submitted to the Agency for review.

3. Failure to submit on the required schedule an adequate progress report on a

study as required by this Notice.

4. Failure to submit on the required schedule acceptable data as required by this

Notice.

5. Failure to take a required action or submit adequate information pertaining to

any option chosen to address the data requirements (e.g., any required action or

information pertaining to submission or citation of existing studies or offers,

arrangements, or arbitration on the sharing of costs or the formation of Task

Forces, failure to comply with the terms of an agreement or arbitration

concerning joint data development or failure to comply with any terms of a data

waiver).

6. Failure to submit supportable certifications as to the conditions of submitted

studies, as required by Section III-C of this Notice.

7. Withdrawal of an offer to share in the cost of developing required data.

8. Failure of the registrant to whom you have tendered an offer to share in the cost

of developing data and provided proof of the registrant's receipt of such offer

or failure of a registrant on whom you rely for a generic data exemption either

to:

i. Inform EPA of intent to develop and submit the data required by this Notice

on a Data Call-In Response Form and a Requirements Status and Reqistrant's

Response Form.

ii. Fulfill the commitment to develop and submit the data as required by this

Notice; or

iii. Otherwise take appropriate steps to meet the requirements stated in this

Notice,

unless you commit to submit and do submit the required data in the specified

time frame.

9. Failure to take any required or appropriate steps, not mentioned above, at any

time following the issuance of this Notice.
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IV-B. BASIS FOR DETERMINATION THAT SUBMITTED STUDY IS

UNACCEPTABLE

The Agency may determine that a study (even if submitted within the required time) is

unacceptable and constitutes a basis for issuance of a Notice of Intent to Suspend. The grounds

for suspension include, but are not limited to, failure to meet any of the following:

1) EPA requirements specified in the Data Call-In Notice or other documents

incorporated by reference (including, as applicable, EPA Pesticide Assessment

Guidelines, Data Reporting Guidelines, and GeneTox Health Effects Test Guidelines)

regarding the design, conduct, and reporting of required studies. Such requirements

include, but are not limited to, those relating to test material, test procedures, selection

of species, number of animals, sex and distribution of animals, dose and effect levels to

be tested or attained, duration of test, and, as applicable, Good Laboratory Practices.

2) EPA requirements regarding the submission of protocols, including the

incorporation of any changes required by the Agency following review.

3) EPA requirements regarding the reporting of data, including the manner of

reporting, the completeness of results, and the adequacy of any required supporting (or

raw) data, including, but not limited to, requirements referenced or included in this

Notice or contained in PR 86-5. All studies must be submitted in the form of a final

report; a preliminary report will not be considered to fulfill the submission

requirement.

IV-C EXISTING STOCKS OF SUSPENDED OR CANCELLED PRODUCTS

EPA has statutory authority to permit continued sale, distribution and use of existing

stocks of a pesticide product which has been suspended or cancelled if doing so would be

consistent with the purposes of the Act.

The Agency has determined that such disposition by registrants of existing stocks for a

suspended registration when a section 3(c)(2)(B) data request is outstanding generally would

not be consistent with the Act's purposes. Accordingly, the Agency anticipates granting

registrants permission to sell, distribute, or use existing stocks of suspended product(s) only in

exceptional circumstances. If you believe such disposition of existing stocks of your product(s)

which may be suspended for failure to comply with this Notice should be permitted, you have

the burden of clearly demonstrating to EPA that granting such permission would be consistent

with the Act. You also must explain why an "existing stocks" provision is necessary, including

a statement of the quantity of existing stocks and your estimate of the time required for their

sale, distribution, and use. Unless you meet this burden, the Agency will not consider any

request pertaining to the continued sale, distribution, or use of your existing stocks after

suspension.

If you request a voluntary cancellation of your product(s) as a response to this Notice

and your product is in full compliance with all Agency requirements, you will have, under

most circumstances, one year from the date your 90 day response to this Notice is due, to sell,

distribute, or use existing stocks. Normally, the Agency will allow persons other than the

registrant such as independent distributors, retailers and end users to sell, distribute or use

such existing stocks until the stocks are exhausted. Any sale, distribution or use of stocks of

voluntarily cancelled products containing an active ingredient for which the Agency has

particular risk concerns will be determined on a case-by-case basis.

Requests for voluntary cancellation received after the 90 day response period required

by this Notice will not result in the agency granting any additional time to sell, distribute, or

use existing stocks beyond a year from the date the 90 day response was due, unless you
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demonstrate to the Agency that you are in full compliance with all Agency requirements,

including the requirements of this Notice. For example, if you decide to voluntarily cancel

your registration six months before a 3-year study is scheduled to be submitted, all progress

reports and other information necessary to establish that you have been conducting the study in

an acceptable and good faith manner must have been submitted to the Agency, before EPA

will consider granting an existing stocks provision.

SECTION V. REGISTRANTS' OBLIGATION TO REPORT POSSIBLE UNREASONABLE

ADVERSE EFFECTS

Registrants are reminded that FIFRA section 6(a)(2) states that if at any time after a

pesticide is registered a registrant has additional factual information regarding unreasonable

adverse effects on the environment by the pesticide, the registrant shall submit the information

to the Agency. Registrants must notify the Agency of any factual information they have, from

whatever source, including but not limited to interim or preliminary results of studies,

regarding unreasonable adverse effects on man or the environment. This requirement

continues as long as the products are registered by the Agency.
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SECTION VI. INQUIRIES AND RESPONSES TO THIS NOTICE

If you have any questions regarding the requirements and procedures established by

this Notice, call the contact person(s) listed in Attachment 1, the Data Call-In Chemical Status

Sheet.

All responses to this Notice must include completed Data Call-In Response Forms

(Attachment 2)and completed Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Forms

(Attachment 3), for both (generic and product specific data) and any other documents required

by this Notice, and should be submitted to the contact person(s) identified in Attachment 1. If

the voluntary cancellation or generic data exemption option is chosen, only the Generic and

Product Specific Data Call-In Response Forms need be submitted.

The Office of Compliance (OC) of the Office of Enforcement and Compliance

Assurance (OECA), EPA, will be monitoring the data being generated in response to this

Notice.

Sincerely yours,

Lois Rossi, Division Director 

Special Review and Reregistration Division

Attachments

The Attachments to this Notice are:

1 - Data Call-In Chemical Status Sheet

2 - Generic Data Call-In and Product Specific Data Call-In Response Forms with

Instructions

3 - Generic Data Call-In and Product Specific Data Call-In Requirements Status

and Registrant's Response Forms with Instructions

4 - EPA Batching of End-Use Products for Meeting Acute Toxicology Data

Requirements for Reregistration

5 - EPA Acceptance Criteria

6 - List of Registrants Receiving This Notice

7 - Confidential Statement of Formula, Cost Share and Data Compensation Forms
227

Attachment 1. Chemical Status Sheets
228
229

DIQUAT DIBROMIDE DATA CALL-IN CHEMICAL STATUS SHEET

INTRODUCTION

You have been sent this Generic Data Call-In Notice because you have product(s)

containing Diquat Dibromide.

This Generic Data Call-In Chemical Status Sheet, contains an overview of data

required by this notice, and point of contact for inquiries pertaining to the reregistration of

Diquat Dibromide. This attachment is to be used in conjunction with (1) the Generic Data

Call-In Notice, (2) the Generic Data Call-In Response Form (Attachment 2), (3) the

Requirements Status and Registrant's Form (Attachment 2), (4) a list of registrants receiving

this DCI (Attachment 4), (5) the EPA Acceptance Criteria (Attachment 5), and (6) the Cost

Share and Data Compensation Forms in replying to this Diquat Dibromide Generic Data Call

In (Attachment F). Instructions and guidance accompany each form.

DATA REQUIRED BY THIS NOTICE

The additional data requirements needed to complete the generic database for Diquat

Dibromide are contained in the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response, Attachment C. 

The Agency has concluded that additional product chemistry data on Diquat Dibromide are

needed. These data are needed to fully complete the reregistration of all eligible Diquat

Dibromide products.

INQUIRIES AND RESPONSES TO THIS NOTICE

If you have any questions regarding the generic data requirements and procedures

established by this Notice, please contact Kylie Rothwell at (703) 308-8055.

All responses to this Notice for the generic data requirements should be submitted to:

Kylie Rothwell, Chemical Review Manager 

Special Review and Registration Division (H7508W)

Office of Pesticide Programs

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Washington, D.C. 20460

RE: Diquat Dibromide
230

DIQUAT DIBROMIDE DATA CALL-IN CHEMICAL STATUS SHEET

INTRODUCTION

You have been sent this Product Specific Data Call-In Notice because you have

product(s) containing Diquat Dibromide.

This Product Specific Data Call-In Chemical Status Sheet, contains an overview of data

required by this notice, and point of contact for inquiries pertaining to the reregistration of

Diquat Dibromide. This attachment is to be used in conjunction with (1) the Product Specific

Data Call-In Notice, (2) the Product Specific Data Call-In Response Form (Attachment 2), (3)

the Requirements Status and Registrant's Form (Attachment 3), (4) EPA's Grouping of EndUse Products for Meeting Acute Toxicology Data Requirement (Attachment 4), (5) the EPA

Acceptance Criteria (Attachment 5), (6) a list of registrants receiving this DCI (Attachment 6)

and (7) the Cost Share and Data Compensation Forms in replying to this Diquat Dibromide

Product Specific Data Call-In (Attachment 7). Instructions and guidance accompany each

form.

DATA REQUIRED BY THIS NOTICE

The additional data requirements needed to complete the database for Diquat

Dibromide are contained in the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response, Attachment 3. 

The Agency has concluded that additional data on Diquat Dibromide are needed for specific

products. These data are required to be submitted to the Agency within the time frame listed. 

These data are needed to fully complete the reregistration of all eligible Diquat Dibromide

products.

INQUIRIES AND RESPONSES TO THIS NOTICE

If you have any questions regarding the generic database of Diquat Dibromide, please

contact Kylie Rothwell at (703) 308-8055.

If you have any questions regarding the product specific data requirements and

procedures established by this Notice, please contact Frank Rubis at (703) 308-8184.

All responses to this Notice for the Product Specific data requirements should be

submitted to:

Frank Rubis

Chemical Review Manager Team 81

Product Reregistration Branch

Special Review and Reregistration Branch 7508W

Office of Pesticide Programs

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Washington, D.C. 20460

RE: Diquat Dibromide
231

Attachment 2. Combined Generic and Product Specific

Data Call-In Response Forms (Form A inserts) Plus

Instructions
232
233

Instructions For Completing The "Data Call-In Response Forms" For The Generic And

Product Specific Data Call-In

INTRODUCTION

These instructions apply to the Generic and Product Specific "Data Call-In Response Forms"

and are to be used by registrants to respond to generic and product specific Data Call-Ins as

part of EPA's Reregistration Program under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and

Rodenticide Act. The type of data call-in (generic or product specific) is indicated in item

number 3 ("Date and Type of DCI") on each form. BOTH "Data Call-In Response" forms

must be completed.

Although the form is the same for both generic and product specific data, instructions for

completing these forms are different. Please read these instructions carefully before filling out

the forms.

EPA has developed these forms individually for each registrant, and has preprinted these

forms with a number of items. DO NOT use these forms for any other active ingredient.

Items 1 through 4 have been preprinted on the form. Items 5 through 7 must be completed by

the registrant as appropriate. Items 8 through 11 must be completed by the registrant before

submitting a response to the Agency.

The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 15

minutes per response, including time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data

sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the

collection of information. Send comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of

this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Chief,

Information Policy Branch, Mail Code 2136, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M

St., S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460; and to the Office of Management and Budget,

Paperwork Reduction Project 2070-0107, Washington, D.C. 20503.
234

INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE DATA CALL-IN RESPONSE FORMS

Generic and Product Specific Data Call-In

Item 1.ON BOTH FORMS: This item identifies your company name, number and address.

Item 2.ON BOTH FORMS: This item identifies the case number, case name, EPA chemical

number and chemical name.

Item 3.ON BOTH FORMS: This item identifies the type of Data Call-In. The date of

issuance is date stamped.

Item 4.ON BOTH FORMS: This item identifies the EPA product registrations relevant to

the data call-in. Please note that you are also responsible for informing the Agency of your

response regarding any product that you believe may be covered by this Data Call-In but that

is not listed by the Agency in Item 4. You must bring any such apparent omission to the

Agency's attention within the period required for submission of this response form.

Item 5.ON BOTH FORMS: Check this item for each product registration you wish to cancel

voluntarily. If a registration number is listed for a product for which you previously requested

voluntary cancellation, indicate in Item 5 the date of that request. Since this Data Call-In

requires both generic and product specific data, you must complete item 5 on both Data CallIn response forms. You do not need to complete any item on the Requirements Status and

Registrant's Response Forms.

Item 6a.ON THE GENERIC DATA FORM: Check this Item if the Data Call-In is for

generic data as indicated in Item 3 and you are eligible for a Generic Data Exemption for the

chemical listed in Item 2 and used in the subject product. By electing this exemption, you

agree to the terms and conditions of a Generic Data Exemption as explained in the Data

Call-In Notice.

If you are eligible for or claim a Generic Data Exemption, enter the EPA registration Number

of each registered source of that active ingredient that you use in your product.

Typically, if you purchase an EPA-registered product from one or more other producers

(who, with respect to the incorporated product, are in compliance with this and any other

outstanding Data Call-In Notice), and 

INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE DATA CALL-IN RESPONSE FORMS

Generic and Product Specific Data Call-In

incorporate that product into all your products, you may complete this item for all products

listed on this form. If, however, you produce the active ingredient yourself, or use any

unregistered product (regardless of the fact that some of your sources are registered), you may

not claim a Generic Data Exemption and you may not select this item.

Item 6b.ON THE GENERIC DATA FORM: Check this Item if the Data Call-In is for

generic data as indicated in Item 3 and if you are agreeing to satisfy the generic data

requirements of this Data Call-In. Attach the Requirements Status and Registrant's Response

Form that indicates how you will satisfy those requirements.

NOTE: Item 6a and 6b are not applicable for Product Specific Data.
235

Note: You may provide additional information that does not fit on this form in a signed letter that accompanies your response. For example, you

may wish to report that your product has already been transferred to another company or that you have already voluntarily cancelled this

product. For these cases, please supply all relevant details so that EPA can ensure that its records are correct.

Item 7a.ON THE PRODUCT SPECIFIC DATA FORM: For each manufacturing use

product (MUP) for which you wish to maintain registration, you must agree to satisfy the data

requirements by responding "yes."

Item 7b.For each end use product (EUP) for which you wish to maintain registration, you

must agree to satisfy the data requirements by responding "yes." 

FOR BOTH MUP and EUP products

You should also respond "yes" to this item (7a for MUP's and 7b for EUP's) if your product

is identical to another product and you qualify for a data exemption. You must provide the

EPA registration numbers of your source(s); do not complete the Requirements Status and

Registrant's Response form. Examples of such products include repackaged products and

Special Local Needs (Section 24c) products which are identical to federally registered

products.

If you are requesting a data waiver, answer "yes" here; in addition, on the "Requirements

Status and Registrant's Response" form under Item 9, you must respond with option 7 (Waiver

Request) for each study for which you are requesting a waiver. 

NOTE: Item 7a and 7b are not applicable for Generic Data.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE DATA CALL-IN RESPONSE FORMS

Generic and Product Specific Data Call-In

Item 8.ON BOTH FORMS: This certification statement must be signed by an authorized

representative of your company and the person signing must include his/her title. Additional

pages used in your response must be initialled and dated in the space provided for the

certification.

Item 9.ON BOTH FORMS: Enter the date of signature.

Item 10.ON BOTH FORMS: Enter the name of the person EPA should contact with

questions regarding your response.

Item 11.ON BOTH FORMS: Enter the phone number of your company contact.
236
237

Attachment 3. Generic and Product Specific Requirement

Status and Registrant's Response Forms (Form B inserts)

and Instructions
238
239

Instructions For Completing The

"Requirements Status and Registrant's Response Forms"

For The Generic and Product Specific Data Call-In

INTRODUCTION

These instructions apply to the Generic and Product Specific "Requirements Status and

Registrant's Response Forms" and are to be used by registrants to respond to generic and

product specific Data Call-In's as part of EPA's reregistration program under the Federal

Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act. The type of Data Call-In (generic or product

specific) is indicated in item number 3 ("Date and Type of DCI") on each form. Both

"Requirements Status and Registrant's Response" forms must be completed.

Although the form is the same for both product specific and generic data, instructions

for completing the forms differ slightly. Specifically, options for satisfying product specific

data requirements do not include (1) deletion of uses or (2) request for a low volume/minor

use waiver. Please read these instructions carefully before filling out the forms. 

EPA has developed these forms individually for each registrant, and has preprinted

these forms to include certain information unique to this chemical. DO NOT use these forms

for any other active ingredient.

Items 1 through 8 have been preprinted on the form. Item 9 must be completed by the

registrant as appropriate. Items 10 through 13 must be completed by the registrant before

submitting a response to the Agency. 

The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average

30 minutes per response, including time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data

sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the

collection of information. Send comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of

this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Chief,

Information Policy Branch, Mail Code 2136, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M

St., S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460; and to the Office of Management and Budget,

Paperwork Reduction Project 2070-0107, Washington, D.C. 20503.
240

INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE "REQUIREMENTS STATUS AND

REGISTRANT'S RESPONSE FORMS" 

Generic and Product Specific Data Call-In

Item 1. ON BOTH FORMS: This item identifies your company name, number and

address.

Item 2. ON THE GENERIC DATA FORM: This item identifies the case number,

case name, EPA chemical number and chemical name.

ON THE PRODUCT SPECIFIC DATA FORM: This item identifies the 

case number, case name, and the EPA Registration Number of the product for

which the Agency is requesting product specific data. 

Item 3. ON THE GENERIC DATA FORM: This item identifies the type of Data

Call-In. The date of issuance is date stamped. 

ON THE PRODUCT SPECIFIC DATA FORM: This item identifies the type

of Data Call-In. The date of issuance is also date stamped. Note the unique

identifier number (ID#) assigned by the Agency. This ID number must be used

in the transmittal document for any data submissions in response to this Data

Call-In Notice.

Item 4. ON BOTH FORMS: This item identifies the guideline reference number of

studies required. These guidelines, in addition to the requirements specified in

the Data Call-In Notice, govern the conduct of the required studies. Note that

series 61 and 62 in product chemistry are now listed under 40 CFR 158.155

through 158.180, Subpart c.

Item 5. ON BOTH FORMS: This item identifies the study title associated with the

guideline reference number and whether protocols and 1, 2, or 3-year progress

reports are required to be submitted in connection with the study. As noted in

Section III of the Data Call-In Notice, 90-day progress reports are required for

all studies.

If an asterisk appears in Item 5, EPA has attached information relevant to this

guideline reference number to the Requirements Status and Reqistrant's

Response Form.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE "REQUIREMENTS STATUS AND

REGISTRANT'S RESPONSE FORMS" 

Generic and Product Specific Data Call-In

Item 6. ON BOTH FORMS: This item identifies the code associated with the use

pattern of the pesticide. In the case of efficacy data (product specific 

requirement), the required study only pertains to products which have the use

sites and/or pests indicated. A brief description of each code follows:

A Terrestrial food

B Terrestrial feed

C Terrestrial non-food
241

D Aquatic food

E Aquatic non-food outdoor

F Aquatic non-food industrial

G Aquatic non-food residential

H Greenhouse food

I Greenhouse non-food crop

J Forestry

K Residential

L Indoor food

M Indoor non-food

N Indoor medical

O Indoor residential

Item 7. ON BOTH FORMS: This item identifies the code assigned to the substance

that must be used for testing. A brief description of each code follows: 

EUP End-Use Product

MP Manufacturing-Use Product

MP/TGAI Manufacturing-Use Product and Technical Grade Active

Ingredient

PAI Pure Active Ingredient

PAI/M Pure Active Ingredient and Metabolites

PAI/PAIRA Pure Active Indredient or Pute Active 

Ingredient Radiolabelled

PAIRA Pure Active Ingredient Radiolabelled

PAIRA/M Pure Active Ingredient Radiolabelled and Metabolites

PAIRA/PM Pure Active Ingredient Radiolabelled and Plant

Metabolites

TEP Typical End-Use Product

TEP ___% Typical End-Use Product, Percent Active Ingredient

Specified

TEP/MET Typical End-Use Product and Metabolites

TEP/PAI/M Typical End-Use Product or Pure Active Ingredient and

Metabolites

TGAI Technical Grade Active Ingredient

TGAI/PAI Technical Grade Active Ingredient or Pure Active

Ingredient

TGAI/PAIRA Technical Grade Active Ingredient or Pure Active

Ingredient Radiolabelled

TGAI/TEP Technical Grade Active Ingredient or Typical End-Use

Product

MET Metabolites

IMP Impurities

DEGR Degradates

* See: guideline comment

Item 8. This item completed by the Agency identifies the time frame allowed for

submission of the study or protocol identified in item 5. 

ON THE GENERIC DATA FORM: The time frame runs from the date of

your receipt of the Data Call-In notice.

ON THE PRODUCT SPECIFIC DATA FORM: The due date for

submission of product specific studies begins from the date stamped on the letter

transmitting the Reregistration Eligibility Decision document, and not from the
242

date of receipt. However, your response to the Data Call-In itself is due 90

days from the date of receipt. 

Item 9. ON BOTH FORMS: Enter the appropriate Response Code or Codes to show

how you intend to comply with each data requirement. Brief descriptions of

each code follow. The Data Call-In Notice contains a fuller description of each

of these options.

Option 1. ON BOTH FORMS: (Developing Data) I will conduct a new study and

submit it within the time frames specified in item 8 above. By indicating

that I have chosen this option, I certify that I will comply with all the

requirements pertaining to the conditions for submittal of this study as

outlined in the Data Call-In Notice and that I will provide the protocols

and progress reports required in item 5 above.

Option 2. ON BOTH FORMS: (Agreement to Cost Share) I have entered into an

agreement with one or more registrants to develop data jointly. By

indicating that I have chosen this option, I certify that I will comply with

all the requirements pertaining to sharing in the cost of developing data

as outlined in the Data Call-In Notice.

However, for Product Specific Data, I understand that this

option is available for acute toxicity or certain efficacy data ONLY if

the Agency indicates in an attachment to this notice that my product is

similar enough to another product to qualify for this option. I certify that

another party in the agreement is committing to submit or provide the

required data; if the required study is not submitted on time, my product

may be subject to suspension.

Option 3. ON BOTH FORMS: (Offer to Cost Share) I have made an offer to

enter into an agreement with one or more registrants to develop data

jointly. I am also submitting a completed "Certification of offer to Cost

Share in the Development of Data" form. I am submitting evidence that

I have made an offer to another registrant (who has an obligation to

submit data) to share in the cost of that data. I am including a copy of

my offer and proof of the other registrant's receipt of that offer. I am

identifying the party which is committing to submit or provide the

required data; if the required study is not submitted on time, my product

may be subject to suspension. I understand that other terms under Option

3 in the Data Call-In Notice apply as well.

However, for Product Specific Data, I understand that this

option is available only for acute toxicity or certain efficacy data and

only if the Agency indicates in an attachment to this Data Call-In Notice

that my product is similar enough to another product to qualify for this

option. 

Option 4. ON BOTH FORMS: (Submitting Existing Data) I will submit an

existing study by the specified due date that has never before been

submitted to EPA. By indicating that I have chosen this option, I certify

that this study meets all the requirements pertaining to the conditions for

submittal of existing data outlined in the Data Call-In Notice and I have

attached the needed supporting information along with this response.
243

Option 5. ON BOTH FORMS: (Upgrading a Study) I will submit by the

specified due date, or will cite data to upgrade a study that EPA has

classified as partially acceptable and potentially upgradeable. By

indicating that I have chosen this option, I certify that I have met all the

requirements pertaining to the conditions for submitting or citing

existing data to upgrade a study described in the Data Call-In Notice. I

am indicating on attached correspondence the Master Record

Identification Number (MRID) that EPA has assigned to the data that I

am citing as well as the MRID of the study I am attempting to upgrade.

Option 6. ON BOTH FORMS: (Citing a Study) I am citing an existing study

that has been previously classified by EPA as acceptable, core, core

minimum, or a study that has not yet been reviewed by the Agency. If

reviewed, I am providing the Agency's classification of the study.

However, for Product Specific Data, I am citing another

registrant's study. I understand that this option is available ONLY for

acute toxicity or certain efficacy data and ONLY if the cited study was

conducted on my product, an identical product or a product which the

Agency has "grouped" with one or more other products for purposes of

depending on the same data. I may also choose this option if I am citing

my own data. In either case, I will provide the MRID or Accession

number (s). If I cite another registrant's data, I will submit a completed

"Certification With Respect To Data Compensation Requirements"

form.

FOR THE GENERIC DATA FORM ONLY: The following three options

(Numbers 7, 8, and 9) are responses that apply only to the "Requirements Status

and Registrant's Response Form" for generic data. 

Option 7. (Deleting Uses) I am attaching an application for amendment to my

registration deleting the uses for which the data are required.

Option 8. (Low Volume/Minor Use Waiver Request) I have read the statements

concerning low volume-minor use data waivers in the Data Call-In

Notice and I request a low-volume minor use waiver of the data

requirement. I am attaching a detailed justification to support this waiver

request including, among other things, all information required to

support the request. I understand that, unless modified by the Agency in

writing, the data requirement as stated in the Notice governs.

Option 9. (Request for Waiver of Data) I have read the statements concerning data

waivers other than lowvolume minor-use data waivers in the Data

Call-In Notice and I request a waiver of the data requirement. I am

attaching a rationale explaining why I believe the data requirements do

not apply. I am also submitting a copy of my current labels. (You must

also submit a copy of your Confidential Statement of Formula if not

already on file with EPA). I understand that, unless modified by the

Agency in writing, the data requirement as stated in the Notice governs.

FOR PRODUCT SPECIFIC DATA: The following option (number 7) is a

response that applies to the "Requirements Status and Registrant's Response

Form" for product specific data. 
244

NOTE: You may provide additional information that does not fit on this form in a signed letter that accompanies this your response. For example,

you may wish to report that your product has already been transferred to another company or that you have already voluntarily cancelled

Option 7. (Waiver Request) I request a waiver for this study because it is

inappropriate for my product. I am attaching a complete justification for

this request, including technical reasons, data and references to relevant

EPA regulations, guidelines or policies. [Note: any supplemental data

must be submitted in the format required by P.R. Notice 86-5]. I

understand that this is my only opportunity to state the reasons or

provide information in support of my request. If the Agency approves

my waiver request, I will not be required to supply the data pursuant to

Section 3(c) (2) (B) of FIFRA. If the Agency denies my waiver request,

I must choose a method of meeting the data requirements of this Notice

by the due date stated by this Notice. In this case, I must, within 30

days-of my receipt of the Agency's written decision, submit a revised

"Requirements Status" form specifying the option chosen. I also

understand that the deadline for submission of data as specified by the

original Data Call-In notice will not change.

Item 10. ON BOTH FORMS: This item must be signed by an authorized representative

of your company. The person signing must include his/her title, and must initial

and date all other pages of this form.

Item 11. ON BOTH FORMS: Enter the date of signature.

Item 12. ON BOTH FORMS: Enter the name of the person EPA should contact with

questions regarding your response.

Item 13. ON BOTH FORMS: Enter the phone number of your company contact.
245

Attachment 4. EPA Batching of End-Use Products for

Meeting Data Requirements for Reregistration
246
247

EPA'S BATCHING OF DIQUAT DIBROMIDE END-USE PRODUCTS FOR MEETING

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR REREGISTRATION

 In an effort to reduce the time, resources and number of animals needed to fulfill the acute

toxicity data requirements for reregistration of end-use products containing the active

ingredient diquat dibromide [6,7-dihydrodipyrido (1,2-a:2 ,1 -c) pyrazinediium dibromide], ' '

the Agency has batched products which can be considered similar for purposes of acute

toxicity. Factors considered in the sorting process include each product's active and inert

ingredients (identity, percent composition and biological activity), type of formulation (e.g.,

emulsifiable concentrate, aerosol, wettable powder, granular, etc.), and labeling (e.g., signal

word, use classification, precautionary labeling, etc.). Note that the Agency is not describing

batched products as "substantially similar" since some products within a batch may not be

considered chemically similar or have identical use patterns.

 Batching has been accomplished using the readily available information described above.

Frequently acute toxicity data on individual end-use products has been found to be incomplete.

Notwithstanding the batching process, the Agency reserves the right to require, at any time,

acute toxicity data for an individual end-use product should the need arise. 

 Registrants of end-use products within a batch may choose to cooperatively gener- ate,

submit or cite a single battery of six acute toxicological studies to represent all the products

within that batch. It is the registrants' option to participate in the process with all other

registrants, only some of the other registrants, or only their own products within a batch, or to

generate all the required acute toxicological studies for each of their own products. If a

registrant chooses to generate the data for a batch, he/she must use one of the products within

the batch as the test material. If a registrant chooses to rely upon previously submitted acute

toxicity data, he/she may do so provided that the data base is complete and valid by today's

standards (see acceptance criteria attached), the formul- ation tested is considered by EPA to

be similar for acute toxicity, and the formulation has not been significantly altered since

submission and acceptance of the acute toxicity data. Regardless of whether new data is

generated or existing data is cited, the registrant must clearly identify the material tested by its

EPA registration number. If more than one Confidential Statement Of Formula (CSF) exists

for a product registration, the registrant must indicate the formulation actually tested by

identifying the corresponding CSF.

 In deciding how to meet the product specific data requirements, registrants must follow the

directions given in the Data Call-In Notice and its attachments appended to the RED. The DCI

Notice contains two response forms which are to be completed and submitted to the Agency

within 90 days of receipt. The first form, "Data Call-In Response," asks whether the

registrant will meet the data requirements for each product. The second form, "Requirements

Status and Registrant's Response," lists the product specific data required for each product,

including the standard six acute toxicity tests. A registrant who wishes to participate in a

batch must decide whether he/she will provide the data or depend on someone else to do so. 

If a registrant supplies the data to support a batch of products, he/she must select one of the

following options: Developing Data (Option 1), Submitting an Existing Study (Option 4),

Upgrading an Existing Study (Option 5) or Citing an Existing Study (Option 6). If a registrant

depends on another's data, he/she must choose among: Cost Sharing (Option 2), Offers to

Cost Share (Option 3) or Citing an Existing Study (Option 6). If a registrant does not want to

participate in a batch, the choices are Options 1, 4, 5 or 6. However, a registrant should

know that choosing not to participate in a batch does not preclude other registrants in the batch

from citing his/her studies and offering to cost share (Option 3) those studies.

 The following information (Table I) lists thirty five products (four batches) containing

diquat dibromide.
248

Table I: Batched Products.

Batch No. EPA Reg. No. % Diquat Formulation Type

 dibromide 

 1. 192-177 .23 Ready-To-Use Solution (RTUS)

 478-114 .23 RTUS

 769-945 .23 RTUS

 802-572 .23 RTUS

 9404-75 .23 RTUS

 10583-10 .23 RTUS

 46515-14 .09 RTUS

 46515-15 .19 RTUS

 46515-16 .23 RTUS

 2. 192-178 1.84 Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC)

 802-582 1.84 RTUS

 1685-64 2.36 EC

 1769-174 1.85 EC

 2155-43 1.85 EC

 2155-63 1.85 EC

 2155-64 1.85 EC

 8123-37 1.85 EC

 10088-13 1.85 SC

 10088-35 1.85 SC

 10663-11 1.85 SC

 11515-29 1.85 SC

 37347-6 1.85 SC

 48211-23 1.85 SC

 3. 8123-102 4.35 SC

 9250-16 4.35 SC

 10182-356 4.35 SC

 10182-377 4.35 SC

 10827-78 4.35 SC

 34704-589 4.35 SC

 4. 10182-353 36.4 SC

 10182-354 37.45 Formulation Intermediate (FI)

 10182-355 35.3 FI 

 10182-375 35.3 SC

 10182-376 35.3 FI

 10182-378 37.45 FI

 Seven products (Table II) were either considered not to be similar for purposes of acute

toxicity or the Agency lacked sufficient information for decision making, and not placed in

any batch. Registrants of these products are responsible for meeting the acute toxicity data

requirements for each product.
249

Table II: Products Not Batched

EPA Reg. % Diquat Formulation Type

Number dibromide plus other active

ingredient 

 228-201 .154 diquat dibromide RTUS

2.3 sodium chlorate 

 491-201 2.38 diquat dibromide EC

5080-4 8.54 diquat dibromide SC

5197-37 2.16 diquat dibromide

EC

8959-9 8.53 diquat dibromide SC

 9688-93 2.3 diquat dibromide SC

10583-22 2.7 diquat dibromide SC
250
251

Attachment 5. EPA Acceptance Criteria
252
253

SUBDIVISION D

Guideline Study Title

Series 61 Product Identity and Composition

Series 62 Analysis and Certification of Product Ingredients

Series 63 Physical and Chemical Characteristics 
254

61 Product Identity and Composition

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

Does your study meet the following acceptance criteria?

1.____ Name of technical material tested (include product name and trade name, if appropriate). 

2.____ Name, nominal concentration, and certified limits (upper and lower) for each active ingredient and each

intentionally-added inert ingredient.

3.____ Name and upper certified limit for each impurity or each group of impurities present at > 0.1% by weight

and for certain toxicologically significant impurities (e.g., dioxins, nitrosamines) present at <0.1%. 

4.____ Purpose of each active ingredient and each intentionally-added inert.

5.____ Chemical name from Chemical Abstracts index of Nomenclature and Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS)

Registry Number for each active ingredient and, if available, for each intentionally-added inert. 

6.____ Molecular, structural, and empirical formulas, molecular weight or weight range, and any company

assigned experimental or internal code numbers for each active ingredient. 

7.____ Description of each beginning material in the manufacturing process. 

____ EPA Registration Number if registered; 

for other beginning materials, the following:

____ Name and address of manufacturer or supplier.

____ Brand name, trade name or commercial designation.

____ Technical specifications or data sheets by which manufacturer or supplier describes composition,

properties or toxicity. 

8.____Description of manufacturing process.

____ Statement of whether batch or continuous process.

____ Relative amounts of beginning materials and order in which they are added. 

____ Description of equipment.

____ Description of physical conditions (temperature, pressure, humidity) controlled in each step and the

parameters that are maintained. 

____ Statement of whether process involves intended chemical reactions.

____ Flow chart with chemical equations for each intended chemical reaction.

____ Duration of each step of process.

____ Description of purification procedures.

____ Description of measures taken to assure quality of final product.

9.____ Discussion of formation of impurities based on established chemical theory addressing (1) each impurity

which may be present at > 0.1% or was found at > 0.1% by product analyses and (2) certain

toxicologically significant impurities (see #3).
255

62 Analysis and Certification of Product Ingredients

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

The following criteria apply to the technical grade of the active ingredient being reregistered. Use a table to present

the information in items 6, 7, and 8.

Does your study meet the following acceptance criteria?

 1.____ Five or more representative samples (batches in case of batch process) analyzed for each active ingredient

and all impurities present at > 0.1%.

 2.____ Degree of accountability or closure > ca 98%.

 3.____ Analyses conducted for certain trace toxic impurities at lower than 0.1% (examples, nitrosamines in the case

of products containing dinitroanilines or containing secondary or tertiary amines/alkanolamines plus nitrites;

polyhalogenated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans). [Note that in the case of nitrosamines both fresh and

stored samples must be analyzed.].

 4.____ Complete and detailed description of each step in analytical method used to analyze above samples.

 5.____ Statement of precision and accuracy of analytical method used to analyze above samples.

 6.____ Identities and quantities (including mean and standard deviation) provided for each analyzed ingredient.

 7.____ Upper and lower certified limits proposed for each active ingredient and intentionally added inert along with

explanation of how the limits were determined.

 8.____ Upper certified limit proposed for each impurity present at > 0.1% and for certain toxicologically significant

impurities at <0.1% along with explanation of how limit determined.

 9.____ Analytical methods to verify certified limits of each active ingredient and impurities (latter not required if

exempt from requirement of tolerance or if generally recognized as safe by FDA) are fully described. 

10.____ Analytical methods (as discussed in #9) to verify certified limits validated as to their precision and accuracy.
256

63 Physical and Chemical Characteristics

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

The following criteria apply to the technical grade of the active ingredient being reregistered.

Does your study meet the following acceptance criteria?

63-2 Color

____ Verbal description of coloration (or lack of it)

____ Any intentional coloration also reported in terms of Munsell color system 

63-3 Physical State

____ Verbal description of physical state provided using terms such as "solid, granular, volatile liquid" 

____ Based on visual inspection at about 20-25° C

63-4 Odor

____ Verbal description of odor (or lack of it) using terms such as "garlic-like, characteristic of aromatic

compounds" 

____ Observed at room temperature

63-5 Melting Point

____ Reported in °C

____ Any observed decomposition reported

63-6 Boiling Point

____ Reported in °C

____ Pressure under which B.P. measured reported

____ Any observed decomposition reported

63-7 Density, Bulk Density, Specific Gravity

____ Measured at about 20-25° C

____ Density of technical grade active ingredient reported in g/ml or the specific gravity of liquids reported with

reference to water at 20° C. [Note: Bulk density of registered products may be reported in lbs/ft or

3

lbs/gallon.] 

63-8 Solubility

____ Determined in distilled water and representative polar and non-polar solvents, including those used in

formulations and analytical methods for the pesticide

____ Measured at about 20-25° C

____ Reported in g/100 ml (other units like ppm acceptable if sparingly soluble) 

63-9 Vapor Pressure

____ Measured at 25° C (or calculated by extrapolation from measurements made at higher temperature if

pressure too low to measure at 25° C)

____ Experimental procedure described

____ Reported in mm Hg (torr) or other conventional units

63-10 Dissociation Constant

____ Experimental method described

____ Temperature of measurement specified (preferably about 

20-25°C)

63-11 Octanol/water Partition Coefficient

____ Measured at about 20-25° C

____ Experimentally determined and description of procedure provided (preferred method-45 Fed. Register

77350)

____ Data supporting reported value provided

63-12 pH

____ Measured at about 20-25° C

____ Measured following dilution or dispersion in distilled water

63-13 Stability

____ Sensitivity to metal ions and metal determined

____ Stability at normal and elevated temperatures

____ Sensitivity to sunlight determined
257

SUBDIVISION F

Guideline Study Title

 81-1 Acute Oral Toxicity in the Rat

 81-2 Acute Dermal Toxicity in the Rat, Rabbit or Guinea Pig

 81-3 Acute Inhalation Toxicity in the Rat

 81-4 Primary Eye Irritation in the Rabbit

 81-5 Primary Dermal Irritation Study

 81-6 Dermal Sensitization in the Guinea Pig

 
Criteria marked with an * are supplemental and may not be required for every study.

258

81-1 Acute Oral Toxicity in the Rat

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA 

Does your study meet the following acceptance criteria?

 1.____ Identify material tested (technical, end-use product, etc).

 2.____ At least 5 young adult rats/sex/group.

 3.____ Dosing, single oral may be administered over 24 hrs.

 4. ___ Vehicle control if other than water. *

 5.____ Doses tested, sufficient to determine a toxicity category or a limit dose (5000 mg/kg). 

 6.____ Individual observations at least once a day.

 7.____ Observation period to last at least 14 days, or until all test animals appear normal whichever is longer.

 8.____ Individual daily observations.

 9.____ Individual body weights.

10.____ Gross necropsy on all animals.
Criteria marked with an * are supplemental and may not be required for every study.

259

81-2 Acute Dermal toxicity in the Rat, Rabbit or Guinea Pig

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

Does your study meet the following acceptance criteria?

 1._____ Identify material tested (technical, end-use product, etc). 

 2._____ At least 5 animals/sex/group.

 3.*____ Rats 200-300 gm, rabbits 2.0-3.0 kg or guinea pigs 350-450 gm. 

 4._____ Dosing, single dermal.

 5._____ Dosing duration at least 24 hours.

 6.*____ Vehicle control, only if toxicity of vehicle is unknown.

 7._____ Doses tested, sufficient to determine a toxicity category or a limit dose (2000 mg/kg).

 8._____ Application site clipped or shaved at least 24 hours before dosing.

 9._____ Application site at least 10% of body surface area.

10._____ Application site covered with a porous nonirritating cover to retain test material and to prevent 

ingestion.

11._____ Individual observations at least once a day.

12._____ Observation period to last at least 14 days.

13._____ Individual body weights.

14._____ Gross necropsy on all animals.
260

81-3 Acute Inhalation Toxicity in the Rat

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

Does your study meet the following acceptance criteria?

 1.____ Identify material tested (technical, end-use product, etc).

 2.____ Product is a gas, a solid which may produce a significant vapor hazard based on toxicity and expected use

or contains particles of inhalable size for man (aerodynamic diameter 15 μm or less). 

 3.____ At least 5 young adult rats/sex/group.

 4.____ Dosing, at least 4 hours by inhalation.

 5.____ Chamber air flow dynamic, at least 10 air changes/hour, at least 19% oxygen content.

 6.____ Chamber temperature, 22° C (+2 ), relative humidity 40-60%. o

 7.____ Monitor rate of air flow.

 8.____ Monitor actual concentrations of test material in breathing zone.

 9.____ Monitor aerodynamic particle size for aerosols.

10.___ Doses tested, sufficient to determine a toxicity category or a limit dose (5 mg/L actual concentration of

respirable substance). 

11.___ Individual observations at least once a day.

12.___ Observation period to last at least 14 days. 

13.___ Individual body weights.

14.___ Gross necropsy on all animals.
Criteria marked with an * are supplemental and may not be required for every study.

261

81-4 Primary Eye Irritation in the Rabbit

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

Does your study meet the following acceptance criteria?

 1.____ Identify material tested (technical, end-use product, etc).

 2.____ Study not required if material is corrosive, causes severe 

dermal irritation or has a pH of <2 or >11.5. 

 3.____ 6 adult rabbits.

 4.____ Dosing, instillation into the conjunctival sac of one eye 

per animal. 

 5.____ Dose, 0.1 ml if a liquid; 0.1 ml or not more than 100 mg if a solid, paste or particulate substance.

 6.____ Solid or granular test material ground to a fine dust.

 7.____ Eyes not washed for at least 24 hours.

 8.____ Eyes examined and graded for irritation before dosing and 

at 1, 24, 48 and 72 hr, then daily until eyes are normal

or 21 days (whichever is shorter).

 9.*___ Individual daily observations. 
Criteria marked with an * are supplemental and may not be required for every study.

262

81-5 Primary Dermal Irritation Study

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

Does your study meet the following acceptance criteria?

 1.____ Identify material tested (technical, end-use product, etc).

 2.____ Study not required if material is corrosive or has a pH of <2 or >11.5.

 3.____ 6 adult animals.

 4.____ Dosing, single dermal.

 5.____ Dosing duration 4 hours.

 6.____ Application site shaved or clipped at least 24 hours prior to dosing.

 7.____ Application site approximately 6 cm .

2

 8.____ Application site covered with a gauze patch held in place with nonirritating tape.

 9.____ Material removed, washed with water, without trauma to application site.

10.___ Application site examined and graded for irritation at 1, 24, 48 and 72 hr, then daily until normal or 14 days

(whichever is shorter). 

11.*__ Individual daily observations.
Criteria marked with an * are supplemental and may not be required for every study.

263

81-6 Dermal Sensitization in the Guinea Pig 

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

Does your study meet the following acceptance criteria?

1.___ Identify material tested (technical, end-use product, etc).

2.___ Study not required if material is corrosive or has a

 pH of <2 or >11.5.

3.___ One of the following methods is utilized:

_____ Freund's complete adjuvant test

_____ Guinea pig maximization test

_____ Split adjuvant technique

_____ Buehler test

_____ Open epicutaneous test

_____ Mauer optimization test 

_____ Footpad technique in guinea pig.

4.___ Complete description of test.

5.*__ Reference for test.

6.___ Test followed essentially as described in reference document.

7.___ Positive control included (may provide historical data conducted within the last 6 months).
264
265

Attachment 6. List of All Registrants Sent This Data Call-In (insert)

Notice
266
267

Attachment 7. Cost Share, Data Compensation Forms, Confidential

Statement of Formula Form and Instructions
268
269
270
271

Instructions for Completing the Confidential Statement of Formula 

The Confidential Statement of Formula (CSF) Form 8570-4 must be used. Two legible, signed copies of the form are

required. Following are basic instructions:

a. All the blocks on the form must be filled in and answered completely. 

b. If any block is not applicable, mark it N/A. 

c. The CSF must be signed, dated and the telephone number of the responsible party must be provided.

d. All applicable information which is on the product specific data submission must also be reported on the

CSF. 

e. All weights reported under item 7 must be in pounds per gallon for liquids and pounds per cubic feet

for solids.

f. Flashpoint must be in degrees Fahrenheit and flame extension in inches. 

g. For all active ingredients, the EPA Registration Numbers for the currently registered source products

must be reported under column 12. 

h. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Numbers for all actives and inerts and all common names for

the trade names must be reported.

i. For the active ingredients, the percent purity of the source products must be reported under column 10

and must be exactly the same as on the source product's label. 

j. All the weights in columns 13.a. and 13.b. must be in pounds, kilograms, or grams. In no case will

volumes be accepted. Do not mix English and metric system units (i.e., pounds and kilograms). 

k. All the items under column 13.b. must total 100 percent. 

1. All items under columns 14.a. and 14.b. for the active ingredients must represent pure active form. 

m. The upper and lower certified limits for ail active and inert ingredients must follow the 40 CFR 158.175

instructions. An explanation must be provided if the proposed limits are different than standard certified

limits. 

n. When new CSFs are submitted and approved, all previously submitted CSFs become obsolete for that

specific formulation. 
272
273
274
275

United States Environmental Protection Agency Form Approved

Washington, DC 20460 OMB No. 2070-0107,

CERTIFICATION WITH RESPECT TO

DATA COMPENSATION REQUIREMENTS

2070-0057

Approval Expires

3-31-96

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 15 minutes per response, including time for 

reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the

collection of information. Send comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, 

including suggestions for reducing this burden to, Chief Information Policy Branch, PM-233, U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency, 401 M St., S.W., Washington, DC 20460; and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project 

(2070-0106), Washington, DC 20503.

Please fill in blanks below.

Company Name Company Number

Product Name EPA Reg. No.

I Certify that:

1. For each study cited in support of registration or reregistratiion under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act 

(FIFRA) that is an exclusive use study, I am the original data submitter, or I have obtained the written permission of the original 

data submitter to cite that study.

2. That for each study cited in support of registration or reregistration under FIFRA that is NOT an exclusive use study, I am the 

original data submitter, or I have obtained the written permission of the original data submitter, or I have notified in writing the 

company(ies) that submitted data I have cited and have offered to: (a) Pay compensation for those data in accordance with sections 

3(c)(1)(F) and 3(c)(2)(D) of FIFRA; and (b) Commence negotiation to determine which data are subject to the compensation 

requirement of FIFRA and the amount of compensation due, if any. The companies I have notified are. (check one)

 [ ] The companies who have submitted the studies listed on the back of this form or attached sheets, or indicated on the attached

"Requirements Status and Registrants' Response Form,"

3. That I have previously complied with section 3(c)(1)(F) of FIFRA for the studies I have cited in support of registration or

reregistration under FIFRA.

Signature Date

Name and Title (Please Type or Print)

GENERAL OFFER TO PAY: I hereby offer and agree to pay compensation to other persons, with regard to the registration or

reregistration of my products, to the extent required by FIFRA section 3(c)(1)(F) and 3(c)(2)(D).

Signature Date

Name and Title (Please Type or Print)

EPA Form 8570-31 (4-96)
276
277

APPENDIX G. FACT SHEET
278
United States Prevention, Pesticides EPA-738-F-95-015

Environmental Protection And Toxic Substances July 1995

Agency (7508W)

R.E.D. FACTS

Diquat Dibromide

Pesticide

Reregistration

All pesticides sold or distributed in the United States must be registered

by EPA, based on scientific studies showing that they can be used without

posing unreasonable risks to people or the environment. Because of advances

in scientific knowledge, the law requires that pesticides which were first

registered years ago be reregistered to ensure that they meet today's more

stringent standards.

In evaluating pesticides for reregistration, EPA obtains and reviews a

complete set of studies from pesticide producers, describing the human health

and environmental effects of each pesticide. The Agency imposes any

regulatory controls that are needed to effectively manage each pesticide's

risks. EPA then reregisters pesticides that can be used without posing

unreasonable risks to human health or the environment.

When a pesticide is eligible for reregistration, EPA announces this and

explains why in a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document. This

fact sheet summarizes the information in the RED document for reregistration

case 0288, diquat dibromide.

Use Profile Diquat dibromide is a non-selective contact herbicide, algicide,

desiccant, and defoliant. As a herbicide/algicide, it is used to control

broadleaf and grassy weeds in non-crop (including residential) and aquatic

areas. As a desiccant/ defoliant, it is used in seed crops and potatoes. Its

largest use is as a desiccant on potato crops.

Diquat dibromide is formulated as a soluble concentrate and ready-touse liquid. As a herbicide, it is applied using a hand-held or mechanical

sprayer; as an algicide, it is injected below the water surface to control

submerged weeds. When used as a desiccant, it may be applied by aircraft or

ground equipment. Applications in crop areas are made five days to two

weeks before harvest.

Use practice limitations include...
2

Regulatory

History

Diquat dibromide is the common name for 6,7-dihydrodipyrido (1,2-

a:2',1'-c) pyrazinediium dibromide. The manufacture of diquat dibromide

may result in the formation of ethylene dibromide (EDB) as a process

impurity. EDB is considered a carcinogen, and all pesticide uses have been

cancelled. EPA assessed the potential exposure risks of diquat dibromide and

concluded in June 1986 that the presence of EDB does not pose a significant

dietary risk, based on worst case assumptions. In addition, the registrant

certified an upper limit of 10 parts per billion for EDB in diquat dibromide,

and demonstrated that EDB does not persist and will slowly dissipate over

time in diquat dibromide.

EPA issued a Registration Standard for diquat dibromide in June 1986

(NTIS #PB87-105490). A 1991 Data Call-In required additional toxicology,

ecological effects, environmental fate, and residue chemistry data. Currently,

43 products containing the active ingredient diquat dibromide are registered

and marketed under the trade name Diquat.

Human Health

Assessment

Toxicity

In studies using laboratory animals, diquat dibromide has been shown

generally to be of moderate toxicity. It can cause slight to severe eye

irritation and has been placed in Toxicity Category II (the second highest of

four categories) for acute dermal and eye irritation effects. It is slightly

acutely toxic by the oral and inhalation routes and has been placed in Toxicity

Category III for these effects. Diquat dibromide causes slight dermal

irritation and has been placed in Toxicity Category IV for this effect. It is not

a skin sensitizer.

A supplemental subchronic dermal toxicity study using rabbits indicated

that diquat dibromide is toxic via repeated dermal exposure. A second dermal

study using rats resulted in high mortality, decreased food consumption and

weight gain, congestion in the lungs, liver and kidneys, and dermal irritation

at the application site. An inhalation study using rats resulted in increases in

lung weight, lung/body weight and lung/brain weight, lung lesions, and

mottling and reddening of the lungs in females; however, all effects except

the latter were reversible. A second inhalation study using rats showed no

effects on any of the parameters examined.

A chronic feeding/carcinogenicity study using rats resulted in eye

effects including lens opacity and severe cataracts. A feeding study using

beagle dogs showed some incidence of cataracts, and decreased adrenal and

epididymide weights in males.

Another chronic feeding/cancer study using rats resulted in evidence of

bone tumors. The Agency's Health Effects Division Reference Dose/Peer

Review Committee evaluated the carcinogenic potential of diquat dibromide

in March 1994 and classified it as a Group E carcinogen --a chemical for

which there is evidence of non-carcinogenicity for humans--based on a lack of
3

evidence in studies with two species, rat and mouse. In a study using mice,

diquat was not carcinogenic.

A supplemental developmental toxicity study using rats resulted in

maternal toxicity and developmental toxicity only at the highest dose level.

Another more recent study using rats resulted in effects at high dose levels

including decreases in fetal and litter weights, kidney effects, and incomplete

development of certain bones. In a supplementary study using rabbits,

decreased body weight gain in the high dose group was the only maternal

toxicity observed. A recent study using rabbits resulted in developmental

effects only in the high dose group, including liver effects and poor

ossification. A study using mice resulted in developmental toxicity only in

the high dose group, including decreased fetal body weight and increased

skeletal alterations.

A reproductive toxicity study using rats resulted in effects at the highest

dose level including decreased numbers of live pups per litter and decreased

body weight gain. Diquat dibromide was negative in four mutagenicity

studies and positive in two other studies. Metabolism studies indicate that it is

poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and primarily excreted in

urine. An acute neurotoxicity study using rats resulted in symptoms that may

not be due to direct neurotoxicity. In a subchronic neurotoxicity study, toxic

signs observed only in the high dose

group included cataracts and decreased body weight gain and food utilization.

Dietary Exposure

People may be exposed to residues of diquat dibromide through the diet.

Tolerances or maximum residue limits have been established for a variety of

crop and animal commodities (please see 40 CFR 180.226 (a) and (b)). A

food additive tolerance is established for residues in potable water (40 CFR

185.2500 (a) and (b)). Food and feed additive tolerances also are established

for residues in processed potatoes (including potato chips) (40 CFR 185.2500

(c)) and processed potato waste (40 CFR 186.2600).

The registrant has proposed revised tolerances for many commodities,

some at EPA's recommendation. A tolerance for sugarcane must be revoked

since this use is no longer registered. A tolerance for potable water also will

be revoked since it has been replaced with a Maximum Contaminant Level

Goal (MCLG) under the Safe Drinking Water Act. The U.S. tolerances for

eggs, poultry, meat, and offal may be raised to achieve harmonization with

Codex Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs). With these changes, diquat

dibromide tolerances are considered appropriate.

EPA has assessed the dietary risk posed by diquat dibromide

considering both published and proposed tolerances. The Anticipated Residue

Concentration (ARC) for the overall U.S. population and 22 subgroups

represents 31% of the Reference Dose (RfD), or amount believed not to cause

adverse effects if consumed daily over a 70-year lifetime. The most highly
4

exposed subgroup, non-nursing infants less than one year old, has an ARC

which represents 49% of the RfD. Diquat dibromide's chronic dietary risk is

therefore considered minimal.

Occupational and Residential Exposure

Based on current use patterns, workers (mixers, loaders, applicators, and

other handlers) may be exposed to diquat dibromide during and after

application in agricultural and other settings. During large-scale applications,

the highest potential exposure and risks are to mixers and loaders using open

systems to support aerial applications (their dermal Margin of Exposure

(MOE) is 71, less than the 100-fold margin considered acceptable). Using

closed systems, their dermal MOE is 400. EPA therefore is requiring closed

mixing/loading of diquat dibromide for aerial applications.

For applicators participating in large-scale applications and for all

workers (including homeowners) participating in small-scale applications,

MOEs are greater than 100.

Post-application exposure to diquat dibromide residues on treated

foliage is a concern. For uses within the scope of the Worker Protection

Standard for Agricultural Pesticides (WPS), EPA is requiring a longer interim

Restricted Entry Interval (REI) and more stringent personal protective

equipment (PPE) than usual, to reduce potential exposure and risk (see Risk

Mitigation below).

For uses outside the scope of the WPS, post-application exposure risks

also are posed. For example, golf course workers who have substantial

physical contact with treated turf have a MOE of 13, 24 hours after

application. At four days post-application, the MOE rises to 105. Therefore,

a four-day reentry interval is being recommended for these workers. To

reduce the potential for post-application residential exposure, spot treatments

will be acceptable but broadcast treatments will be prohibited. Swimmers

may be exposed to diquat dibromide residues in treated lakes and ponds,

however their estimated MOE of 1,250 is acceptable.

Human Risk Assessment

Diquat dibromide is of moderate acute toxicity causing acute dermal

toxicity and primary eye irritation (Toxicity Category II). It is classified as a

Group E carcinogen, indicating that it poses no known cancer risk for

humans. Diquat dibromide causes developmental and reproductive toxicity at

the highest dose levels tested. Human incident data from California and other

sources were considered in evaluating diquat dibromide's risks.

Although people may be exposed to residues of diquat dibromide

through their diets, the chronic dietary risk from such exposure is minimal.

EPA is concerned about worker exposure to diquat dibromide during aerial

spray operations, and is requiring use of closed systems to mitigate potential

risks. The Agency also is concerned about post-application/reentry exposure

for uses both within and outside the scope of the WPS. EPA therefore is

imposing stringent reentry restrictions and protective clothing requirements
5

for commercial uses, and is limiting residential use to spot treatments with

label directions warning these users not to touch treated plants until sprays

have dried.

Environmental

Assessment

Environmental Fate

Diquat dibromide's primary route of environmental dissipation is strong

adsorption to soil particles. Diquat does not hydrolyse or photodegrade and is

resistant to microbial degradation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. No

major degradates have been isolated. When used as an aquatic herbicide,

diquat dibromide is removed from the water column by adsorption to soil

sediments, aquatic vegetation, and organic matter. Adsorbed diquat

dibromide is persistent and immobile, and is not expected to be a groundwater contaminant.

Ecological Effects

Diquat dibromide is moderately toxic to birds in acute studies, and is

slightly to moderately toxic on a subacute dietary basis. It is practically nontoxic to bees. In acute studies, diquat dibromide is slightly to moderately

toxic to both cold and warm water fish. In fish early life stage studies, it

ranges in toxicity from slightly to moderately toxic. It is slightly to highly

toxic to both aquatic invertebrates and estuarine species. Additional studies

are required to determine diquat dibromide's toxicity to nontarget aquatic and

terrestrial plants.

Ecological Effects Risk Assessment

High acute risk to birds is not expected from use of diquat dibromide.

However, the turf use exceeds EPA's level of concern for restricted use, and

for endangered bird species feeding on short grass. Regarding chronic effects,

birds feeding on diquat dibromide-contaminated food items may experience

reproductive problems.

Diquat dibromide will pose only a low overall risk to mammals.

Effects, if they occur, should not result in significant ecological damage.

However, the Agency is only moderately certain that nonendangered

mammals are not at acute risk from diquat dibromide, which exceeds the

restricted use level of concern for all uses except cantaloupes. The level of

concern for endangered species is exceeded for all use patterns. Chronic risks

to mammals are believed to be low.

Diquat dibromide may pose acute or chronic risk to aquatic organisms,

but the probability that exposure will occur is relatively low. It is therefore

expected to pose only a minimal risk to aquatic organisms from exposure to

runoff. Diquat dibromide does not cause adverse effects to freshwater fish.

Freshwater invertebrates are not likely to be adversely affected by its use in

the short term, but their reproductive success may be adversely effected.

Drift from aerial spraying of diquat dibromide is likely to result in

adverse effects to plants. The possibility of risk to non-target aquatic and

terrestrial plants from aerial application from all sites is relatively high.
6

Diquat dibromide poses only minimal risk to non-target insects.

However, levels of concern have been exceeded for endangered species of

mammals and birds from all terrestrial use sites.

Risk Mitigation EPA is requiring the following risk mitigation measures for diquat

dibromide:

Aquatic Risk Mitigation - To protect aquatic organisms, EPA is

requiring labeling that limits application of diquat dibromide to one-third or

one-half of the dense weed areas in a water body, and prohibits subsequent

applications for two weeks. The untreated part of the water body will act as a

refuge for aquatic organisms, and the two-week waiting period allows time

for oxygen levels to recover before further applications are made.

Spray Drift Risk Mitigation - Since the possibility of risk to nontarget aquatic and terrestrial plants from aerial application is high, EPA is

requiring that a Spray Drift Advisory which recommends best management

practices to minimize spray drift appear on labels of products that can be

applied aerially.

Application and Post-Application Risk Mitigation - To protect

handlers during agricultural use, EPA is requiring closed mixing/loading of

diquat dibromide liquid formulations for aerial applications, in keeping with

WPS provisions. EPA also is requiring a 7-day interim Restricted Entry

Interval (REI) for all uses within the scope of the WPS, as well as more

stringent Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) including protective eyewear

for early-entry workers.

For occupational uses that are not within the scope of the WPS

(primarily the turf use), EPA is establishing a 4-day entry restriction for

workers.

EPA is retaining the 24-hour swimming prohibition on diquat

dibromide products with aquatic uses. Swimmers are prohibited from

swimming in treated water for 24 hours.

To protect home users, EPA is establishing an entry restriction for spot

treatment applications (label directions warning people and pets not to touch

treated plants until sprays have dried), and is prohibiting broadcast

applications at residential sites.

Additional Data

Required

EPA is requiring the following additional generic data for diquat

dibromide to confirm its regulatory assessments and conclusions:

Enforcement method for plant and animal commodities (independent

laboratory validation);

Product chemistry.
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Although not part of the target data base, the following studies also are

required:

Terrestrial plant studies; vegetative vigor.

The Agency is requiring product-specific data including product

chemistry and acute toxicity studies, revised Confidential Statements of

Formula (CSFs), and revised labeling for reregistration.

Product Labeling

Changes Required

All diquat dibromide end-use products must comply with EPA's current

pesticide product labeling requirements, and with the additional requirements

summarized below. Please see the RED document for a complete list of

labeling requirements.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Requirements

For Occupational Use

The minimum, baseline PPE for all diquat dibromide WPS and

nonWPS occupational end-use products is:

"Applicators and other handlers must wear:

--Coveralls over long-sleeved shirt and long pants;

--Chemical-resistant gloves;

--Chemical-resistant footwear plus socks;

--Chemical-resistant headgear for overhead exposure;

--Chemical-resistant apron when cleaning equipment, mixing, or

loading;

--A dust/mist filtering respirator (MSHA/NIOSH approval number

prefix TC-21C).

The PPE that would normally be established based on the toxicity of the enduse product must be compared to the minimum PPE specified above, and the

more protective PPE must be placed on the product labeling.

Entry Restrictions

For Occupational Use

A 7-day restricted entry interval (REI) is required for uses within the

scope of the WPS. The PPE required for early entry is:

--Coveralls over long-sleeved shirt and long pants;

--Chemical-resistant gloves;

--Chemical-resistant footwear plus socks;

--Chemical-resistant headgear for overhead exposures;

--Protective eyewear.

For products with non-WPS sites such as golf courses, parks, etc., the

following statement is required:

"For 4 days following applications to non-crop areas (other than aquatic

or residential sites), do not allow employees to have contact with the

treated plants, except for contact with their footwear."
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For Home Use

For spot treatments to residential sites, the following statement is

required:

"Do not allow people or pets to touch treated plants until the sprays

have dried."

Other Labeling Requirements

For Occupational Use

• Application Restrictions:

"Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or other

persons, either directly or through drift. Only protected handlers may

be in the area during application."

• Engineering Controls:

"Mixers and loaders supporting aerial applications are required to use

closed systems. The closed system must be used in a manner that meets

the requirements listed in the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) for

Agricultural Pesticides (40 CFR 170.240(d)(4)). When using the closed

system, the mixers' and loaders' PPE requirements may be reduced or

modified as specified in the WPS."

"When handlers use closed systems, enclosed cabs, or aircraft in a

manner that meets the requirements listed in the Worker Protection

Standard (WPS) for Agricultural Pesticides (40 CFR 170.240(d)(4-6)),

the handler PPE requirements may be reduced or modified as specified

in the WPS."

• User Safety Requirements:

"Follow manufacturer's instructions for cleaning/ maintaining PPE. If

no such instructions exist for washables, use detergent and hot water.

Keep and wash PPE separately from other laundry."

• User Safety Recommendations:

"Users should wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum,

using tobacco, or using the toilet."

"Users should remove clothing immediately if pesticide gets inside.

Then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing."

"Users should remove PPE immediately after handling this product.

Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as possible, wash

thoroughly and change into clean clothing."

For Home Use

• Application Restrictions:

"Do not apply this product in a way that will contact any person or pet,

either directly or through drift. Only persons applying this product may

be in the area during application."

• User Safety Recommendations:
9

"Clothing and protective equipment exposed to this product should be

washed in detergent and hot water. Such items should be kept and

washed separately from other laundry."

"Users should wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum,

using tobacco, or using the toilet."

"Users should remove clothing immediately if pesticide gets inside.

Then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing."

"Users should remove PPE immediately after handling this product.

Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as possible, wash

thoroughly and change into clean clothing."

Environmental Hazard -

For products intended for terrestrial nonfood sites, use this

precautionary statement:

"This pesticide is toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Do not apply directly

to water, or to areas where surface water is present or to intertidal areas

below the mean high water mark. Do not contaminate water when

disposing of equipment washwater or rinsate."

For products intended for outdoor residential sites, use this

precautionary statement:

"This pesticide is toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Do not apply directly

to water."

Spray Drift Label Advisory

See the diquat dibromide RED document for the complete text of this

Label Advisory, which must be placed on the labeling of each product that

can be applied aerially.

Regulatory

Conclusion

The use of currently registered products containing diquat dibromide in

accordance with approved labeling will not pose unreasonable risks or adverse

effects to humans or the environment. Therefore, all uses of these products

are eligible for reregistration.

Diquat dibromide products will be reregistered once the required

product specific data, revised Confidential Statements of Formula, and revised

labeling are received and accepted by EPA.

For More

Information

EPA is requesting public comments on the Reregistration Eligibility

Decision (RED) document for diquat dibromide during a 60-day time period,

as announced in a Notice of Availability published in the Federal Register.

To obtain a copy of the RED document or to submit written comments, please

contact the Pesticide Docket, Public Response and Program Resources

Branch, Field Operations Division (7506C), Office of Pesticide Programs

(OPP), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460, telephone 703-305-5805.

Electronic copies of the RED and this fact sheet can be downloaded

from the Pesticide Special Review and Reregistration Information System at
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703-308-7224. They also are available on the Internet on EPA's gopher

server, GOPHER.EPA.GOV, or using ftp on FTP.EPA.GOV, or using WWW

(World Wide Web) on WWW.EPA.GOV.

Printed copies of the RED and fact sheet can be obtained from EPA's

National Center for Environmental Publications and Information

(EPA/NCEPI), PO Box 42419, Cincinnati, OH 45242-0419, telephone 513-

489-8190, fax 513-489-8695.

Following the comment period, the diquat dibromide RED document

also will be available from the National Technical Information Service

(NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161, telephone 703-487-

4650.

For more information about EPA's pesticide reregistration program, the

diquat dibromide RED, or reregistration of individual products containing

diquat dibromide, please contact the Special Review and Reregistration

Division (7508W), OPP, US EPA, Washington, DC 20460, telephone 703-

308-8000.

For information about the health effects of pesticides, or for assistance

in recognizing and managing pesticide poisoning symptoms, please contact

the National Pesticides Telecommunications Network (NPTN). Call toll-free

1-800-858-7378, between 8:00 am and 8:00 pm Eastern Standard Time,

Monday through Friday.