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STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA

SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS

JOHN STOUT II,

Claimant Below, Petitioner

vs.) No. 19-0082 (BOR Appeal No. 2053201)

(Claim No. 2018002461)

ADVANTAGE SOLUTIONS, 

Employer Below, Respondent

MEMORANDUM DECISION

Petitioner John Stout II, by Counsel William Gallagher, appeals the decision of the West 

Virginia Workers’ Compensation Board of Review (“Board of Review”). Advantage Solutions, 

by Counsel Noah Barnes, filed a timely response.

The issue on appeal is medical treatment. The claims administrator denied Mr. Stout’s 

request for the authorization of physical therapy three to four times a week for twelve weeks on 

March 14, 2018. On July 25, 2018, the Workers’ Compensation Office of Judges (“Office of 

Judges”) affirmed the claims administrator’s decision. This appeal arises from the Board of 

Review’s Order dated December 27, 2018, in which the Board of Review affirmed the Order of 

the Office of Judges. 

This Court has considered the parties’ briefs and the record on appeal. The facts and legal 

arguments are adequately presented, and the decisional process would not be significantly aided 

by oral argument. Upon consideration of the standard of review, the briefs, and the record 

presented, the Court finds no substantial question of law and no prejudicial error. For these reasons, 

a memorandum decision is appropriate under Rule 21 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure. 

Mr. Stout previously worked for Advantage Solutions as a retail sales representative. He 

was injured at work on July 19, 2017, when he was lifting a large bag of cat litter while working 

at Wal-Mart. A plastic strap broke on the box, and the box fell on Mr. Stout’s right foot causing 

pain, swelling, bruising, and a limp. He filed an Employees’ and Physicians’ Report of Injury on 

August 2, 2017. The physician’s section of the form was completed by Timothy Wilson, D.O., 

who diagnosed Mr. Stout with a nondisplaced fracture of the distal phalanx of the right great toe. 

Dr. Wilson checked the box indicating that the injury was an occupational injury, and he referred 

Mr. Stout to Michael Kovalick, D.O.

FILED

July 9, 2020

EDYTHE NASH GAISER, CLERK

SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS

OF WEST VIRGINIA
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Mr. Stout treated with Dr. Kovalick for his injury. Dr. Kovalick thereafter completed a 

Physician’s Report of Work Ability form dated August 9, 2017, indicating that he could return to 

work with restrictions from August 10, 2017, through August 31, 2017. Dr. Kovalick limited Mr.

Stout’s activity to be mostly seated duty with occasional walking or standing. Mr. Stout was also 

ordered to rest his foot as much as possible. Advantage Solutions issued a letter dated August 11, 

2017, indicating that Mr. Stout was approved for a leave of absence from August 9, 2017, through 

August 31, 2017. The claims administrator held the claim compensable for nondisplaced fracture 

of the distal phalanx of the right great toe, by Order dated August 15, 2017.

Mr. Stout was seen at East Ohio Regional Medical Center on September 7, 2017, by Dr. 

Kovalick for a follow-up examination. Mr. Stout reported that he was still having pain and felt 

unsteady when climbing up or going down stairs. Dr. Kovalick stated that he was able to palpate 

the great toe without much difficulty and that Mr. Stout was able to flex and extend his toe. After 

reviewing the initial x-rays, Dr. Kovalick noted that he was having a difficult time seeing any 

fracture of the right great toe. Dr. Kovalick believed that it was not definite as to whether Mr. Stout 

ever had a nondisplaced fracture and, if so, it would have healed within the six weeks since the 

injury. Dr. Kovalick released Mr. Stout to return to work as of September 11, 2017, with the 

restrictions that he should not run, jump, squat, or climb. 

Mr. Stout returned to work on September 14, 2017. The claims administrator suspended 

temporary total disability benefits on September 14, 2017, and noted that he had been released to 

return to work. Mr. Stout was able to work for several weeks. However, he was terminated on 

September 29, 2017, for violation of the employer’s attendance policy.

A day before Mr. Stout’s termination, he returned to Dr. Kovalick complaining of pain 

between his first and second metatarsal on his right foot, as well as some pain along the plantar 

surface of his foot. He also complained that his ankle felt unsteady. Dr. Kovalick noted no bruising 

or discoloration of Mr. Stout’s foot. Dr. Kovalick also filled out a Physician’s Report of Work 

Ability form and indicated that Mr. Stout could return to work with restrictions from September 

28, 2017, through October 27, 2017. Dr. Kovalick referred Mr. Stout to Joseph H. Goodwin, DPM. 

On October 2, 2017, the claims administrator issued a protestable Order informing Mr. 

Stout that it had received medical evidence to continue temporary total disability benefits. 

Temporary total disability benefits were continued after being suspended on September 14, 2017. 

On November 1, 2017, the claims administrator approved the request for a referral to Dr. Goodwin. 

X-rays read by James Patrizi, M.D., taken of Mr. Stout’s right foot on November 10, 2017, were 

compared to the x-rays taken on July 27, 2017. There was no acute fracture, subluxation, 

dislocation, or bone destructions. Joint spaces were also found to be maintained.

Dr. Goodwin examined Mr. Stout on November 15, 2017, and he reported pain on 

palpation of the right hallux as well as moderate soft tissue swelling. The claims administrator 

authorized Dr. Goodwin as the treating physician of record by letter dated January 10, 2018. Dr. 

Goodwin requested physical therapy for three to four times a week for twelve weeks on February 

28, 2018. The request for physical therapy was made to seek treatment for unspecified injury of 
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unspecified lower leg, initial encounter, pain in right toes, and pain in the left foot. On March 14, 

2018, the claims administrator denied a request from Dr. Goodwin for physical therapy for three 

to four times a week for twelve weeks. Mr. Stout protested the claims administrator’s decision.

On April 18, 2018, Mr. Stout underwent an independent medical evaluation with D. Kelley 

Agnew, M.D. Dr. Agnew evaluated Mr. Stout for his great toe fracture and noted that his left foot 

symptoms had improved, and Mr. Stout was awaiting physical therapy to help him function out of 

his boot. Dr. Agnew noted that there were no fracture lines in the films. Dr. Agnew stated, 

Mr. Stout continues to voice quite a few complaints. It must be realized 

that the pain and impairment complaints he voices are far out of proportion 

to any identifiable injury, far out of proportion to the time which has 

passed since his recognized injury, and far out of proportion to any 

finding. His reports of tenderness cannot be substantiated. There is 

certainly a strong component of nonorganicity in play.

Mr. Stout was wearing a boot on his left lower extremity and claimed that he was injured because 

he had fractured bones in his left foot. Dr. Agnew noted that all testing was negative and opined 

that there is no evidence of a lingering musculoskeletal injury or disease process which might be 

ascribed to activities of July 19, 2017, for which medical treatment would be needed. Dr. Agnew 

found that Mr. Stout had reached his maximum degree of medical improvement and could return 

to work with no restrictions. Dr. Agnew also performed range of motion examinations and 

recommended 0% permanent partial disability resulting from the compensable injury.

In a Decision dated July 25, 2018, the Office of Judges concluded that Mr. Stout failed to 

establish by a preponderance of the evidence that he is entitled to authorization for physical therapy 

to treat his compensable injury. The Office of Judges found that the evidence does not sufficiently 

establish that Dr. Goodwin’s request for physical therapy is directed toward treatment of Mr. 

Stout’s right great toe as opposed to treatment of the left lower extremity. Dr. Goodwin provided 

the diagnosis of nondisplaced fracture distal, phalanx right hallux on his Diagnosis Update Form, 

but set forth diagnoses of unspecified injury of unspecified lower leg, initial encounter, and pain 

in left foot on his authorization request. The Office of Judges noted that Mr. Stout’s left foot has 

not been added as a compensable component of the claim, and Dr. Agnew reported that no 

additional medical treatment was needed to address the compensable conditions. Accordingly, the 

Office of Judges affirmed the March 14, 2018, Order of the claims administrator which denied the 

request from Dr. Goodwin for physical therapy. The Board of Review adopted the findings of fact 

and conclusions of law of the Office of Judges and affirmed its Order on December 27, 2018.

After review, we agree with the decision of the Board of Review. Mr. Stout’s evidence 

does not include any medical documentation that supports an authorization of physical therapy for 

his right great toe. The only documentation in evidence that addresses the need for additional 

medical treatment is the independent medical evaluation of Dr. Agnew, who opined that no further 

treatment was needed for Mr. Stout’s workplace injury. Mr. Stout has failed to carry the burden of 

proving that his request for physical therapy is medically related and reasonably required to treat 

his compensable conditions. 
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For the foregoing reasons, we find that the decision of the Board of Review is not in clear 

violation of any constitutional or statutory provision, nor is it clearly the result of erroneous 

conclusions of law, nor is it based upon a material misstatement or mischaracterization of the 

evidentiary record. Therefore, the decision of the Board of Review is affirmed. 

 Affirmed.

ISSUED: July 9, 2020

CONCURRED IN BY:

Chief Justice Tim Armstead

Justice Margaret L. Workman

Justice Elizabeth D. Walker

Justice Evan H. Jenkins

Justice John A. Hutchison