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USAID/Yemen 

Operational Plan 

FY 2006 

June 12, 2006 
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Please Note: 

The attached RESULTS INFORMATION is from the FY 2006 Operational Plan and was assembled 

and analyzed by the country or USAID operating unit identified on the cover page. 

The Operational Plan is a "pre-decisional" USAID document and does not reflect results stemming 

from formal USAID review(s) of this document. 

Related document information can be obtained from: 

USAID Development Experience Clearinghouse 

8403 Colesville Road, Suite 210 

Silver Spring, MD 20910 

Telephone: (301) 562-0641 

Fax: (301) 588-7787 

Email: docorder@dec.cdie.org 

Internet: http://www.dec.org 

Portions released on or after July 1, 2006 
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Program Performance Summary FY 2005: The Development Setting in Yemen: Following the 

unification of North and South Yemen in 1990, the country made impressive initial progress by 

establishing a constitutional government, a parliamentary system with multi-party elections, laws to 

strengthen non-governmental organizations, and more recently, initiating a process for decentralization of 

planning, executive authority, and budgetary responsibility to the district and local community levels. The 

Republic of Yemen Government (RoYG) has undertaken economic stabilization and reform measures, 

such as liberalization of foreign exchange and trade, and is striving to cut foreign debt and increase 

foreign exchange reserves. RoYG is increasing investments in the Yemeni people through some 

improvement in health services and coverage of primary education, particularly in the rural areas. 

In spite of these positive accomplishments, Yemen remains one of the least developed countries in the 

world, ranking 151 out of 177 countries on the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) Human 

Development Report 2005. This is exacerbated by having one of the highest population growth rates in 

the world at 3.2%, and the population (currently 19.7 million) is expected to double by the year 2026. 

Forty-two percent of the population lives in poverty and 20% of the people are malnourished. Primary 

health care only reaches about one in four Yemenis residing in rural areas. Less than half the adult 

population is literate, giving Yemen the worst educational level in the Middle East and among the lowest 

in the world. Fertility rates are very high (6.7%) as is the unemployment rate (40%). 

While the World Bank finds that macroeconomic stability continues to hold steady, serious structural 

problems are becoming more acute. Depleting oil resources will affect fiscal and external debt 

sustainability, growth in the non-oil sector is modest, per capita income is declining, and ground water 

resources are being depleted at an alarming rate. Considering Yemen’s low income level, donor support 

remains very modest. 

Equally disturbing is the predominance of corruption, particularly in the interface between government, 

business, and the society at large. Press freedoms have deteriorated, the legal system is under the close 

jurisdiction of the executive, and investments in health and primary education have not kept pace with 

population growth. Both foreign and domestic investments are restrained by a corrupt and restrictive 

regulatory environment. 

The New Development Task: In 2003, USAID re-established its bilateral assistance program in support of 

broad U.S. Government (USG) foreign policy goals toward Yemen, particularly the war on terrorism. The 

United States has maintained a long relationship with Yemen going back nearly a half century. USAID’s 

economic assistance programs have been part of that legacy beginning with the last imamate when the 

capital was in Taiz, and continuing until 1996. Almost all Yemenis of at least middle age, can recall the 

famous Kennedy Municipal Water project in Taiz financed by USAID beginning in the 1960s. 

The war on terrorism has brought a new focus to the re-emerging USAID bilateral assistance program. 

Five governorates in northwest Yemen are particularly remote, under-developed, isolated from even the 

most basic social services, and ridden with tribal conflicts that frequently flare up in violence. Long 

neglected by both the RoYG and the donor community, the governorates of Sadah, Al-Jawf, Amran, 

Marib, and Shabwa are breeding grounds for terrorist organizations. USAID’s target beneficiaries, 

therefore, are the mothers, children, and working-age populations of these five governorates. In support 

of this strategy, USAID and the U.S. Embassy are also engaged in an extensive policy dialogue with the 

RoYG in coordination with other donors. USAID’s objectives in the five governorates can only be 

sustained if economic reforms, the rule of law, democracy, and good governance can be enhanced on a 

national level as well. 

In carrying out these objectives, in April 2003 USAID initiated an “Interim Strategic Plan for Assistance to 

the Republic of Yemen.” This three year plan (2003-2006) sets forth four Strategic Objectives: 1) 

Increased Use of Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health Services in Target Governorates; 2) Improved 

Basic Education, Especially for Women and Girls; 3) Increased Income Opportunities and Food Security 

in Selected Governorates, and; 4) Expanded Democracy and Governance in Yemen. USAID is now in 

the last year of this strategy, and is carefully considering whether to continue the current approach or to 

develop a new strategy. Discussions will take place in FY 2006 regarding the next steps for USAID’s 
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program in Yemen, and will address the serious question of whether the counter-terror goal calls for 

additional activity outside the current four strategic objectives. Water resource depletion, for example, is 

setting the stage for an economic crisis in Yemen which may challenge the viability of the state within 15 

years or less. Placing Yemen front and center in USAID’s priority Blue Revolution Water Security 

Initiative may be a vital response to the economic plight of the five target governorates in Yemen. 

Principal Elements of the Development Task: The four strategic objectives incorporated in USAID’s 

development strategy are mutually reinforcing, and comprise an integrated approach which governs both 

implementation on the ground and sets the framework for policy dialogue at the national level. In health, 

USAID focuses on increasing access to reproductive, maternal, and child health services. In pursuing 

these objectives, the program is designed to increase knowledge and healthy behavior at the community 

level, and improve the physical and policy environment for health. Decentralizing management, planning, 

and budgeting are critical components to improving health service delivery, as is the strengthening of 

logistics management at the central level. USAID emphasizes community participation through parents’ 

committees and other mechanisms to involve local residents. During the past year, the USAID program 

constructed one new health clinic and renovated 20 health facilities. Over 700 health providers received 

training and three mobile teams were trained and deployed to remote areas serving 20,000 clients. 

USAID has provided modern medical equipment and furniture to health facilities. The program uses 

National Health Accounts, Geographic Information Systems, and Health Information Systems to 

strengthen workforce planning, establish training goals and requirements, and rationalize facilities 

management. 

In education, the USAID program emphasizes access to quality primary services, increased literacy and 

numeracy at the community level, and improved public sector environment for educating both youth and 

adults. To achieve these results, the program is renovating or rebuilding 77 schools in FY 2006. 

Accomplishments in FY 2005 include establishing a mobile repair team to assist communities with the 

repair and maintenance of facilities and furniture. USAID has trained over 1,500 teachers and 

administrators. Community-based discussion groups that try to resolve educational obstacles were held 

in 37 communities, and life-skills and adult literacy programs were carried out in 80 communities and 40 

schools. 

The strategic objectives in health and education are mutually reinforcing. In Sadah and Al-Jawf 

governorates, USAID’s implementing partner actually designed its program to integrate the two 

community services as closely as possible. Consideration was given to co-location of facilities where 

possible. The program carried out health education programs in classrooms, and developed community 

participatory organizations to communicate both the health and education messages. 

The goal of USAID’s economic growth and agriculture strategic objective is to increase incomes and 

promote food security. This USAID program is now at a turning point whereby commodity-based and 

management studies conducted in the first phase of the program must now translate into real growth in 

food production, marketing, and jobs. The program has established a data and information base serving 

the agriculture sector, and has completed grape and coffee studies that are now being used to improve 

marketing and increase productivity. Thirty-two livestock technicians and veterinarians are now receiving 

training to provide extension services to previously unserved areas, and training is planned in other 

related fields. At the policy level, USAID collaborates with the U.S. Middle East Partnership Initiative 

(MEPI) to promote trade capacity building. This assistance is developing customs valuation systems and 

training customs officials in its implementation to bring Yemen into compliance with the World Trade 

Organization (WTO). Also, technical assistance is preparing Yemen for a possible Trade and Investment 

Framework Agreement (TIFA) with the United States. 

The strategic objective in democracy and governance has emerged this year as a critical component of 

the USAID development program in Yemen. To mitigate conflict and instill good governance practices in 

remote, rural areas, democratic processes and the rule of law must be evident at all levels of society, 

particularly in the central government. For Yemen to resolve tribal conflicts at the periphery, the rule of 

law must take hold at the center. In pursuit of this objective, USAID collaborates closely with MEPI 

programs and the U.S. Embassy to strengthen Yemen’s representative institutions, including both the 
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national parliament and local councils. Combating corruption, decentralizing power, strengthening the 

judiciary’s independence, monitoring the up-coming elections in September 2006, promoting regulatory 

reform, and protection of civil liberties, including freedom of the press, are all components of this strategic 

objective. USAID now supports pilot decentralization programs in eight districts, managed by UNDP in 

collaboration with the RoYG. Members of the national parliament are now more effective in amending 

laws and forming cross-party interest groups to influence legislation. USAID is planning a broadened 

approach to incorporate all of the above components. 

Other Donors and Partners: USAID and the U.S. Embassy work very closely with other donors in Yemen, 

particularly in the coordination of efforts to influence policy change. Several major bilateral and multilateral donors have joined with the United States to review their approaches and resource availabilities in 

the areas of combating corruption and promoting good governance. USAID and the UNDP collaborate 

with the Ministry of Local Administration in the area of decentralization. The international donor 

community in Yemen has endorsed the RoYG’s education development strategy through the Education 

for All Fast Track Initiative. While few other donors have ventured into the five remote governorates 

where USAID works, other bilateral and multilateral organizations provide overall management support to 

the technical ministries with whom USAID coordinates; this support from other donors helps strengthen 

USAID’s programs. 

Both USAID and the U.S. Embassy coordinate with MEPI programs on several democracy and 

governance initiatives. USAID-funded programs compliment MEPI funding for decentralization, 

parliamentary reform, and election support. MEPI provides several million dollars to Yemen for programs, 

some of which are managed by the U.S. Embassy and by USAID. USAID and the U.S. Embassy worked 

closely with the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) regarding Yemen’s initial qualification and 

proposal for a Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) Threshold Country program, although this effort is 

currently on hold due to Yemen’s recent suspension from MCA Threshold Country status. The U.S. 

Embassy and USAID also work closely with the U.S. Department of Agriculture on implementation of food 

assistance programs and the implementation, over the last several years, of $60 million in local currency 

equivalent for development projects. Finally, the study on improving marketing and productivity in the 

coffee sector is paving the way for a potential USAID Global Development Alliance activity linking the 

marketing of Yemen coffee with niche coffee chains in the United States. 

Gender Disparities: Yemen is a conservative society, but one where opportunities are available in the 

urban areas for women to pursue careers and participate more openly in society. In the rural areas, 

opportunities for women to operate outside the home are very limited. Education and health fields 

provide outlets where women can hold jobs in the rural areas. USAID’s program specifically trains 

women to be teachers in rural schools, health service providers, adult literacy mobilizers, and small 

business managers. USAID also actively sponsors activities with the Ministry of Human Rights, and 

supported the recent Arab Women Conference held in Sana’a (December 2005) which called upon Arab 

governments to guarantee women’s full participation in decision-making positions. 

Challenges: Security remains a serious concern, particularly when traveling to field sites. On-going 

violence in Sadah governorate, for example, has made it nearly impossible for USG employees to travel 

there at the present time. Budgetary constraints in Washington are considerable, and their impact on the 

Yemen program calls into question whether we are able to carry out USAID’s role in the USG counterterror strategy effectively and in a timely manner. 

The most important challenge, however, is convincing the RoYG to undertake a meaningful reform 

program. Anti-corruption efforts with real authority and public confidence are essential. Several other key 

areas for reform are the following: regulatory reform to encourage domestic and international investment; 

legislated protection of the press from harassment; and immediate implementation of separating the 

judiciary from executive control. A free and fair election in September 2006, certified by international and 

domestic observers, is necessary, along with preparatory steps accepted as fair by civil society and all 

political parties. 
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FY 2006 Program 

SO: 279-005 Increased Use of Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health Services in Target 

Governorates 

Improve Child Survival, Health & Nutrition 

Improve Child Survival, Health & Nutrition ($1,610,600 ESF; $3,711,260 ESF Prior Year Unobligated). 

USAID is continuing to support the immunization of women and children, and the renovation of selected 

health facilities. USAID is also providing these health facilities with new medical equipment. The program 

is introducing facility and community-based health care which focuses on family planning and 

reproductive health services geared toward underserved and high-risk populations in remote and hard-toreach tribal areas. USAID’s program is enhancing these services through mobile health teams and 

various outreach activities. 

USAID continues to focus on training midwives, nurses, and other essential health service providers, 

offering short-term courses for physicians and administrative staff. USAID is extending emergency and 

neonatal care services within the five governorates. USAID is also assisting the Republic of Yemen 

Government’s (RoYG) Ministry of Water and Environment to design and implement an environmental 

impact assessment to improve environmental health. The aim is to advocate solutions in conjunction with 

government and other donors, and to seek community-based solutions. Principal Implementers: 

Pathfinder, Abt Associates, and the Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA). 

Improve Maternal Health & Nutrition 

Improve Maternal Health & Nutrition ($1,676,400 ESF; $3,862,740 ESF Prior Year Unobligated). USAID 

is supporting the Yemeni Health Sector Reform Strategy which focuses on improving management 

systems, decentralization to the district level, cost sharing, and redefining the role of the Ministry of Public 

Health and Population (MOPHP) and health offices at the governorate and district levels. 

USAID is strengthening decentralized service delivery systems through improved planning, budgeting, 

and management interventions at the governorate and district levels, as well as at the national and subnational levels. The program is accomplishing this through the use of National Health Accounts (NHA), 

Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Health Information Systems, workforce planning, and training to 

augment the skills and role of midwives through the establishment of a Midwives Association. 

USAID is also supporting enhanced logistics management for health services and family planning, and 

providing technical assistance to improve the supply system of the MOPHP’s General Directorate of 

Reproductive Health to ensure the availability of contraceptives to districts. Principal Implementers: 

Pathfinder, Abt Associates, ADRA, and John Snow, Inc. 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 279-005 Increased Use of Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health Services in Target 

Governorates 

Improve Child Survival, Health & Nutrition 

Improve Child Survival, Health and Nutrition ($2,300,000 ESF). USAID intends to continue its support of 

basic health services delivery in all five target governorates. Building upon the successes of FY 2006, 

USAID intends to strengthen and expand training in Integrated Management of Childhood Illness and 

continue renovating and equipping selected health facilities with new medical equipment. 

 

USAID intends to expand reproductive health services, increasing the number of mobile health teams and 

outreach activities to better reach underserved and high-risk populations in remote and hard-to-reach 

tribal areas. Midwives and other essential health service providers will receive training in emergency 

obstetric services and neonatal care. 
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USAID’s health program aims to build linkages to other USAID-supported sectors in Yemen. The health 

program will coordinate, where possible, with related activities and goals in education, agriculture, and 

democracy and governance. For example, through this program, USAID plans to introduce health 

concerns in schools, the potential utilization of agricultural workers to deliver health messages, and the 

strengthening of health officers in local councils. Principal Implementer: To Be Determined (TBD). 

Improve Maternal Health & Nutrition 

Improve Maternal Health and Nutrition ($2,383,000 ESF). In addition to supporting the renovation and 

construction of health facilities and providing medical equipment and training health providers in the five 

targeted governorates, USAID expects to endorse the development of a sound referral system. USAID 

plans to encourage the RoYG’s effort to connect remote health facilities and offices to institutions of 

higher learning and the MOPHP by means of sound and sustainable information technologies. 

In addition, USAID aims to improve health and water conditions in pilot districts in the targeted 

governorates and possibly on a national level. USAID will continue to support logistics improvements for 

health and family planning through the provision of technical assistance. This assistance is designed to 

augment the supply system of the Ministry of Public Health to ensure contraceptive availability. USAID will 

also endorse the training of health workers in the provision of modern family planning counseling 

services. USAID further plans to assist the RoYG to strengthen its national HIV/AIDS strategy. Principal 

Implementer: TBD. 

FY 2006 Program 

SO: 279-006 Improved Basic Education, Especially for Women and Girls 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education ($2,445,000 ESF; $4,676,000 ESF Prior Year 

Unobligated). USAID launched its three-year basic education program in FY 2005. The following activities 

are continuing in FY 2006: 1) rehabilitating and constructing 77 schools and multi-purpose rooms in 

targeted districts; 2) increasing the distribution of the Ministry of Education’s (MOE) teaching and training 

materials; 3) providing in-service teacher training and training of trainers for adult literacy trainers; 4) 

working with local authorities, community representatives, and parents in promoting increased 

enrollments and quality improvements; and 5) developing supplementary classroom and out-of-school 

literacy materials. A database including baseline and monitoring data for governorate, district, community, 

cluster, and school levels is also being developed. USAID is supporting the School Mapping Department 

in completing and updating the MOE Geographic Information System and school survey database. Efforts 

are continuing to coordinate health and education sector activities. USAID also continues to support 

community-based literacy, numeracy, and life-skills education through classes and mobile outreach, 

especially for adult women through the U.S. Middle East Partnership Initiative's funded Yemen Adult LifeSkills and Literacy Education Project (YALLE). This program is establishing 30 Women's Literacy 

Associations. In addition, a Basic Health and Education program plans to renovate 29 schools, 10 in 

Sadah and 19 in Al-Jawf. Principal Implementers: American Institutes for Research with subcontractors 

Academy for Educational Development (AED); Education Development Center, Inc.; Care-USA; and 

Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA). 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 279-006 Improved Basic Education, Especially for Women and Girls 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education ($5,319,000 ESF). Due to issues in basic education 

in Yemen, such as the wide disparity between boys’ and girls’ attendance at the primary level and high 

drop-out rates, USAID will continue to support basic education activities in both the formal and non-formal 
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education systems. The program will strengthen and build upon current education activities and further 

support BEDS, including providing officials at the governorate and district levels training in planning, 

budgeting, and management and assisting with the development of information systems in the education 

sector. Potential exists to coordinate with the U.S. Department of Defense for capacity building on its 

school infrastructure projects. Principal Implementers: American Institutes for Research with 

subcontractors AED; Education Development Center, Inc.; Care-USA; and ADRA. 

FY 2006 Program 

SO: 279-007 Increased Income Opportunities and Food Security in Selected Governorates 

Increase Agricultural Sector Productivity 

Increase Agricultural Sector Productivity ($1,079,100 ESF; $970,000 ESF Prior Year Unobligated). 

USAID is focusing on assisting small farmers in the five target governorates to increase farm incomes, 

improve household nutritional levels, access markets more efficiently, and provide for improved crop and 

livestock productivity. In FY 2006, the program is focusing on activities which directly impact the small 

farmer by increasing capacity for delivery of services to the agricultural sector. Principal Implementer: 

Associates for Rural Development. 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 279-007 Increased Income Opportunities and Food Security in Selected Governorates 

Increase Agricultural Sector Productivity 

FY 2007 funds are not being requested for this objective. However, USAID will continue activities 

commenced with FY 2005 and FY 2006 funding as enumerated above. 

FY 2006 Program 

SO: 279-008 Expanded Democracy and Governance in Yemen 

Mitigate Conflict and Support Peace 

Mitigate Conflict and Support Peace: ($50,000 Prior Year Unobligated). USAID continues to assist NDI’s 

Tribal Conflict Mitigation Program funded by a centrally managed USAID Washington program.. This 

program is designed to assist Yemen tribal leaders in their efforts to resolve long-standing conflicts that 

have caused senseless violence and delayed much needed democratic, economic, education and 

development reforms. The program aims to strengthen and expand the network of tribal leaders and 

influential tribal social figures working to bring an end to conflicts and the practice of revenge killings in 

Marib, Al-Jawf and Shabwa governorates; and introduce additional methodologies and strategies for 

conflict prevention in critical development areas. USAID will be assisting efforts to empower youth in tribal 

conflict areas. This program will assess the needs of youth in Al-Jawf and Sa’ada governorates and 

develop ways to engage youth in positive activities. Activities will promote peaceful resolutions to conflict 

through dialogue, outreach communication and an anti-violence youth campaign. Principal Implementer: 

NDI and TBD. 

Promote And Support Anti-Corruption Reforms 

Promote and Support Anti-Corruption Reforms ($540,000 ESF; $1,150,000 ESF Prior Year Unobligated). 

USAID is continuing efforts begun in FY 2005 to support key areas where the RoYG demonstrates 

resolve to strengthen its governance performance, in particular in its efforts to decisively combat 

corruption. USAID will fund an anti-corruption assessment during the summer of 2006 to understand the 

corruption problem and seek recommendations that will lead to specific programming decisions. The 

assessment will develop a broad understanding of the corruption landscape and provide an early 

identification of the key government sectors and functions that are most prone to corruption. It is designed 

to provide an understanding of general corruption vulnerabilities that the country is likely to confront 
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based on its political economy and development context. It will also rapidly generate an overview of the 

many dimensions of corruption and anti-corruption activities in the country and to help USAID clearly 

define the gaps and deficiencies that need to be addressed with new programs. Depending on the 

results of the assessment, USAID may provide technical assistance and promote staff development in 

key institutions, including the Public Funds Prosecutor, Public Funds Courts, and the Central 

Organization for Control and Audits (COCA). This assistance will be designed to lead these institutions to 

aggressively investigate and prosecute government officials for misuse of public funds. Principal 

Implementer: To Be Determined (TBD). 

Promote and Support Credible Elections Processes 

Promote and Support Credible Elections Processes ($100,000 ESF; $410,000 ESF Prior Year 

Unobligated). USAID is taking advantage of opportunities to support voter registration monitoring 

activities and building the local capacity of civil society and political parties to monitor the upcoming 2006 

presidential and local council elections. USAID will also provide technical assistance in survey research 

methodology and implementation to the Yemen Polling Center (YPC) to produce sound and credible 

survey results that accurately reflect the opinions of all citizens of Yemen. This will contribute to the 

democratic responsiveness of the government, political parties and other decision-makers. It will also help 

build opinion research skills within the YPC and promote the training of other researchers through 

university affiliations with YPC staff. Principal Implementer: National Democratic Institute (NDI) and TBD. 

Strengthen Civil Society 

Strengthen Civil Society ($50,000 ESF; $50,000 Prior Year Unobligated). The Ambassador’s new SelfHelp Fund is providing small grants to support small community-run projects. Principal Implementer: U.S. 

Department of State. 

Support Democratic Local Government & Decentralization 

Support Democratic Local Government and Decentralization ($419,000 ESF). USAID assists the RoYG in 

its efforts to decentralize the national fiscal process, and build the capacity of district-level elected Local 

Councils (LCs) to strengthen their planning and management of, and public participation in the use and 

oversight of funds. USAID will continue to support efforts in eight districts in Abyan and al-Jawf 

Governorates to build the capacity for honest and effective public expenditures management, including 

participatory strategic planning, investment programming, annual budgeting, project implementation and 

procurement. District Facilitation Teams will work with local authorities to monitor public expenditures and 

manage central transfers and locally generated revenues. USAID training will increase citizen 

understanding of the role of LCs, and strengthen the ability of Yemeni citizens, including women, to 

participate at all levels of decision-making. At the national level, USAID will work to assure transparent 

and predictable fiscal transfers, and to upgrade the capacity of the Ministry of Local Administration to train 

and support local authorities and communities. Principal Implementer: TBD. 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 279-008 Expanded Democracy and Governance in Yemen 

Promote And Support Anti-Corruption Reforms 

Promote And Support Anti-Corruption Reforms ($1,000,000 ESF). USAID plans to provide technical 

assistance to key institutions to investigate, prepare, and prosecute corruption cases. Policy, legislation, 

and regulatory reforms should create an institutional framework for public funds integrity, which will 

reduce bureaucratic opportunities for corruption. Possible areas for reform include the civil code, tax and 

customs administration, business licensing and regulation, and public finance management. Principal 

Implementer: TBD. 
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Promote and Support Credible Elections Processes 

Promote and Support Credible Elections Processes: ($300,000 ESF) USAID intends to continue 

assistance to the Supreme Council for Election and Referendum in capacity building and amending 

election laws especially for the parliamentary election in 2009. Principal Implementer: TBD. 

Strengthen Civil Society 

Strengthen Civil Society ($ 398,000 ESF). USAID intends to build the capacity of local non-governmental 

organizations (NGOs) to enable them to become more effective players in political and democratic 

reforms. USAID plans to conduct capacity building trainings to enhance NGOs’ organizational, 

management and performance skills. The Ambassador’s Self-Help Fund will provide small grants to 

support small community-run projects. Principal Implementer: TBD and US Department of State. 

Support Democratic Local Government & Decentralization 

Support Democratic Local Government and Decentralization ($300,000 ESF). Continuing the work of the 

local government program, USAID support for decentralization will deepen capacity-building of districtlevel LCs after the September 2006 elections. Community participation in planning and investment will 

improve LCs’ performance and institutionalize the decentralization process. Principal Implementer: TBD. 
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Results Framework 

279-004 Broad-Based Economic Growth 

Program Title: Broad-Based Economic Growth 

 4.1: Increased Access to and Utilization of Maternal and Reproductive Services in Targeted Areas 

 4.2: Improved Quality and Increased Enrollment, Especially of Girls in Basic Education and Targeted 

Districts 

279-005 Increased Use of Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health Services in Target 

Governorates 

Program Title: Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health Services 

 5.1: Increased Access to Quality Health Services 

 5.2: Increased Knowledge and Healthy Behaviors at the Community Level 

 5.3: Improved Physical and Policy Environment for Health 

279-006 Improved Basic Education, Especially for Women and Girls 

Program Title: Basic Education, Especially for Women and Girls 

 6.1: Enhanced Access to Quality Primary Education in the Public Sector 

 6.2: Increased Literacy and Numeracy Opportunities at the Community Level 

 6.3: Improved Public Sector Environment for Education 

279-007 Increased Income Opportunities and Food Security in Selected Governorates 

Program Title: Increased Income Opportunities and Food Security 

 7.1: Expanded Sustainable Production of Rural Economic Products for the Market and Home 

Consumption 

 7.2: Expanded Markets for Rural Economic Products 

 7.3: Improved Framework for Economic Growth 

279-008 Expanded Democracy and Governance in Yemen 

Program Title: Expanded Democracy and Governance 

 8.1: Representative Institutions Strengthened 

 8.2: Opportunities for Increased Democracy and Governance Supported