# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 1 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 RULE 4354 GLASS MELTING FURNACES (Adopted September 14, 1994; Amended April 16, 1998; Amended February 21, 2002, Amended August 17, 2006, Amended October 16, 2008, Amended September 16, 2010; Amend ed [ rule amendment date ])

1.0 Purpose

The purpose of this rule is to limit emissions of n itrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxides of s ulfur (SOx), and particulate matter (PM10) from glass melting furnaces.

2.0 Applicability

The provisions of this rule shall apply to any glas s melting furnace.

3.0 Definitions

3.1 Air-fuel Firing: operation of a glass melting furnace where greater than 50% of the

oxidant for the fuel comes from ambient air. 100% air-fuel fired means operation of a glass melting furnace where the oxidant is exclus ively ambient air.

3.2 Air Pollution Control Officer (APCO): as defin ed in Rule 1020 (Definitions).

3.3 ARB: California Air Resources Board.

3.3 3.4 Block 24-hour Average: the arithmetic aver age of the hourly emission rates of a furnace as measured over 24 one-hour periods, daily , from 12:00 AM to 11:59 PM, excluding periods of system calibration.

3.4 California Air Resources Board (ARB): as defin ed in Rule 1020 (Definitions)

3.5 Carbon Monoxide (CO): emissions of carbon mono xide, a colorless and odorless gas resulting from incomplete combustion of fuel.

3.6 Commercial Propane: a gaseous fuel composed pr imarily of propane.

3.7 Condensable PM10: PM10 that is vapor phase at stack conditions, but which condenses or reacts upon cooling and dilution in th e ambient air to form solid or liquid PM immediately after discharge from the stac k.

3.8 Container Glass: any glass manufactured by pre ssing, blowing in molds, drawing, rolling, or casting which is used as a container.

3.9 Continuous Emissions Monitoring System (CEMS): continuous emissions monitoring system.

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 2 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 3.10 Dry Standard Cubic Foot or Feet (Dscf): dry s tandard cubic feet.dry gas volume

corrected to standard conditions.

3.11 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): United States Environmental Protection Agency, or any person designated to act on its beha lf.

3.12 Fiberglass: material consisting of fine filam ents of glass that are combined in yarn and woven or spun into fabrics, or that are used as reinforcement in other materials or in masses as thermal or as acoustical insulating products for the construction industry.

3.13 Filterable PM10: PM10 that is directly emitte d by a source as a solid or liquid at stack or release conditions and captured on the fil ter of a stack test train.

3.14 Flat glass: any glass produced by the float, sheet, rolled, or plate glass process which is used in windows, windshields, tabletops, o r similar products.

3.15 Furnace Battery: two or more glass melting fu rnaces that exhaust to a common

stack.

3.16 Furnace Rebuild: a cold tank repair which is commenced after the end of a furnace campaign period or expected life cycle of a furnace . For the purpose of compliance deadline in Section 7.1, the effective date of a fu rnace rebuild is the date of the start

of the furnace shutdown.

3.17 Idling: the operation of a furnace at less th an 25 percent of the permitted glass production capacity or fuel use capacity as stated on the Permit to Operate (PTO).

3.18 Key System Operating Parameter: a parameter u sed to ensure compliance with an emission limit. A key system operating parameter ma y be any operating parameter that would affect the emissions performance of the particular equipment unit to which the emission limit applies. Examples include, but are not limited to, temperature, pressure drop, airflow rate, or electr ostatic precipitator voltage.

3.19 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG): LPG is a gener al term for the following gases: commercial propane, commercial butane, propane-buta ne (PB) mixtures, and special duty propane, although some people consider commercial propane separate

from LPG.

3.20 Multiple Furnaces: two or more glass melting furnaces at a single facility that do

not exhaust to a common stack.

3.21 Normal Business Hours: Monday through Friday, 8:00 am to 5:00 pm.

3.22 Oxidant: a substance that oxidizes another su bstance or an oxidizing agent.

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 3 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 3.23 3.22 Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx): the sum of oxi des of nitrogen in the flue gas, collectively expressed as nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ).

3.24 3.23 Oxides of Sulfur (SOx): the sum of comp ounds containing sulfur and oxygen, such as sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ).

3.25 3.24 Oxygen-Assisted Combustion: operation o f a glass melting furnace where the oxidant is greater than the oxygen content in ambie nt air or greater than 20.9 percent

oxygen.

3.26 3.25 Oxy-fuel Fired: operation of a glass me lting furnace where greater than 50% of the oxidant for the fuel is provided from enriched oxygen streams.

3.27 3.26 Parts Per Million by Volume (ppmv): the ratio of the number of gas molecules of a given species or group of species, to the numb er of millions of a total gas

molecules.

3.28 3.27 Parts Per Million by Weight (ppm): the ratio of the weight of the given species or group of species, to the weight of total mixture and the ratio multiplied by one

million.

3.29 3.28 Permitted Glass Production Capacity: th e maximum pull rate as stated in the Permit to Operate (PTO).

3.30 3.29 PM10: as defined in Rule 1020 (Definiti ons).

3.31 3.30 Potential to Emit: as defined in Rule 22 01 (New and Modified Stationary Source Review Rule).

3.32 3.31 Primary Furnace Combustion System: the burners in a furnace that are used during production of glass.

3.33 3.32 Permit-to Operate (PTO): a Permit To Op erate issued by the District.

3.34 3.33 PUC-quality Natural Gas: a gaseous fuel that meets the requirements specified in California Public Utilities Commission (PUC) Genera l Order 58-A. PUC-quality natural gas also means that the sulfur content is n o more than one-fourth (0.25) grain of hydrogen sulfide per one hundred (100) standard cubic feet and no more than five (5) grains of total sulfur per one hundred (100) st andard cubic feet.

3.35 3.34 Pull Rate: the amount of glass coming ou t of a glass melting furnace, expressed in short tons per day.

3.36 3.35 Rolling Average: the arithmetic average of the emission rates of a furnace over a contiguous period, excluding periods of system cali bration.

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 4 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 3.36.1 3.35.1 For rolling 30-day averages, the aver aged emissions are daily emissions and the contiguous period is 30 days.

3.36.2 3.35.2 For rolling 24-hour averages, the ave raged emissions are hourly emissions and the contiguous period is 24 hours.

3.36.3 3.35.3 For rolling three hour averages, the averaged emissions are hourly emissions and the contiguous period is three hours.

3.37 3.36 Shutdown: the period of time during whi ch a glass-melting furnace is taken from an operational to a non-operational status by allowing it to cool down from its operating temperature to a cold or ambient temp erature as the fuel supply is

turned off.

3.38 Standard Conditions: as defined in Rule 1020 (Definitions).

3.39 3.37 Start-up: the period of time, after ini tial construction or a furnace rebuild, during which a glass melting furnace is heated to operatin g temperature by the primary furnace combustion system, and systems and instrume ntation are brought to

stabilization.

3.40 3.38 Stationary Source: as defined in Rule 2 201 (New and Modified Stationary Source Review Rule).

3.41 3.39 Volatile Organic Compound (VOC): as def ined in Rule 1020 (Definitions).

4.0 Exemptions

4.1 Except for Section 6.8, the provisions of this rule shall not apply to electric glass melting furnaces where all the heat is supplied by an electric current from electrodes submerged in the molten glass, except that heat may be supplied by other fuels for start-up when the furnace contains no molten glass.

4.2 Except for Section 6.8, the provisions of this rule shall not apply to any glass melting furnace that is part of a stationary source with a total potential to emit, for all processes, less than ten (10.0) tons per year o f NOx and less than ten (10.0) tons per year of VOC.

4.3 Except for Section 6.8, the emission limits of Sections 5.3 and 5.4 and the monitoring requirements of Sections 5.9.3 and 5.9.4 shall not apply to a glass melting furnace that meets all of the following con ditions:

4.3.1 The furnace has permitted glass production ca pacity less than five (5) tons per day; and

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 5 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 4.3.2 The actual total NOx emissions for the facili ty are less than eight (8) tons per year; and

4.3.3 The actual total VOC emissions for the facili ty are less than eight (8) tons

per year.

4.4 The emission limits in Tables 1 through 4 shall not apply during periods of start-up, shutdown, or idling, provided the operator complies with the applicable requirements of Sections 5.5, 5.6, 5.7 and 6.7.

5.0 Requirements

5.1 NOx Emission Limits

5.1.1 Except as specified in Section 4.4, the opera tor of any glass melting furnace shall not operate a furnace in such a manner that r esults in NOx emissions exceeding the limits in Table 1. The deadlines to comply with the emission limits are specified in Section 7.0.

Table 1 – NOx Emission Limits in pounds NOx per ton glass produced

Type of Glass Produced Tier 2 NOx limit Tier 3 NOx limit Tier 4 NOx limit

Container Glass 4.0 A 1.5 B not available

Fiberglass 4.0 A 1.3 A, C

3.0 A, D not available

Flat Glass Standard Option 9.2 A

7.0 B 5.5 A

5.0 B 3.7 A

3.2 B

Flat Glass Enhanced Option 9.2 A

7.0 B 5.5 A

5.0 B 3.4 A

2.9 B

Flat Glass Early Enhanced Option 9.2 A

7.0 B not available 3.4 A

2.9 B

A Block 24-hour average

B Rolling 30-day average

C Not subject to California Public Resources Code S ection 19511

D Subject to California Public Resources Code Secti on 19511

5.1.2 Instead of each furnace individually meeting the applicable Table 1 Tier 2 NOx limit, an operator may choose to meet the Tier 2 NOx limit for multiple furnaces or furnace batteries by consideri ng the multiple furnaces or furnace battery as a single unit. An operator choo sing this option shall conform to the provisions of Sections 9.1 through 9 .6.2 for Tier 2 NOx.

5.1.3 Instead of each furnace individually meeting the applicable Table 1 Tier 3 NOx limit, an operator of multiple furnaces or a fu rnace battery may choose

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 6 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 to meet the applicable emission limit by considerin g the multiple furnaces or furnace battery as a single unit. An operator choo sing this option shall conform to the provisions of Sections 9.6 through 9 .7.8.5 for Tier 3 NOx.

5.1.4 A flat glass operator who commits to meet the Table 1 Tier 4 early enhanced option NOx limits shall comply with the limits acco rding to the deadlines specified in Section 7.2.2. After January 1, 2011, an operator who commits to meet the early enhanced NOx limits schedule is n ot eligible to choose a different compliance option and applicable deadline s.

5.2 CO and VOC Emission Limits

5.2.1 Except as specified in Section 4.4, the opera tor of any glass melting furnace shall not operate a furnace in such a manner that r esults in CO or VOC emissions exceeding the limits in Table 2.

Table 2 - CO and VOC Emission Limits – rolling thre e hour average (ppmv limits are referenced at 8% O 2 and dry stack conditions)
Type of Glass

Produced Firing Technology CO Limit VOC Limit

Container Glass or Fiberglass 100% air fired furnace 300 ppmv 20 ppmv

Oxygen-assisted or Oxy-fuel

furnace 1.0 lb/ton glass produced 0.25 lb/ton glass

produced

Flat Glass 100% air fired furnace 300 ppmv 20 ppmv

Oxygen-assisted or Oxy-fuel

furnace 0.9 lb/ton glass produced 0.10 lb/ton glass

produced

5.2.2 On and after January 1, 2009, instead of each furnace individually meeting the applicable CO or VOC or both emission limit in Table 2, an operator may choose to meet the CO or VOC or both emission l imit for multiple furnaces or furnace batteries by considering the mu ltiple furnaces or furnace battery as a single unit. An operator choosing thi s option shall conform to the provisions of Sections 9.6 through 9.7.8.5 for CO emissions or VOC

emissions or both.

5.3 SOx Emission Limits

5.3.1 Effective through December 31, 2010, in order to limit SOx emissions, all glass melting furnaces subject to Table 1 emission limits shall fire on PUCquality natural gas, commercial propane, or LPG on and after March 31, 2008. Liquid fuel may be used as backup fuel or st andby fuel provided the liquid fuel contains no more than 15 ppm of sulfur and the furnace exhaust is controlled by a SOx emission control system with control system efficiency of 50% or greater. If a furnace meets t he applicable Table 3 SOx

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 7 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 limit while firing on backup fuel or standby fuel, the 50% SOx emission control system efficiency requirement shall not app ly.

5.3.2 Effective on and after January 1, 2011, excep t as specified in Section 4.4 and Section 5.3.3, each furnace shall meet the applicab le SOx emission limit

from Table 3.

Table 3 - SOx Emission Limits in pounds SOx per ton glass produced
Type of Glass

Produced Firing Technology SOx Limit

Container Glass Oxy-fuel furnaces and ≥ 25.0% of

total cullet is mixed color cullet 1.1 B

All other container glass furnaces 0.90 B

Fiberglass All technologies 0.90 C

Flat Glass All technologies 1.7 A

1.2 B

A Block 24-hour average

B Rolling 30-day average

C Rolling 24-hour average

5.3.3 Effective January 1, 2011 and ending on the c ompliance date detailed in Section 7.2.2, a flat glass furnace operator electi ng the Tier 4 early enhanced option shall fire on PUC-quality natural gas, comme rcial propane, or LPG. Liquid fuel may be used as backup fuel or standby f uel provided the liquid fuel contains no more than 15 ppm of sulfur and the furnace exhaust is controlled by a SOx emission control system with co ntrol system efficiency of 50% or greater. If a furnace meets the applicab le Table 3 SOx limit while firing on backup fuel or standby fuel, the 50% SOx emission control system efficiency requirement shall not apply. On and aft er the compliance date in Section 7.2.2, a flat glass furnace operator electi ng the Tier 4 early enhanced option shall be subject to the flat glass SOx emiss ion limit in Table 3.

5.3.4 The amount of mixed color cullet used shall b e determined as a rolling 30- day average.

5.3.5 Instead of each furnace individually meeting the applicable SOx limit in Table 3, an operator may choose to meet the SOx lim it for multiple furnaces or furnace batteries by considering the multiple fu rnaces or furnace battery as a single unit. An operator choosing this option shall conform to the provisions of Sections 9.6 through 9.7.8.5 for SOx emissions.

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 8 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 5.4 PM10 Emission Limits

5.4.1 Except as specified in Section 4.4, the opera tor of any glass melting furnace shall not operate a furnace in such a manner that r esults in PM10 emissions exceeding the applicable limits in Table 4, where t otal PM10 includes both

filterable PM10 and condensable PM10. The deadline s to comply with the PM10 emission limits are specified in Section 7.0.

Table 4 - PM10 Emission Limits in pounds total PM10 per ton glass produced Block 24-hour average

Type of Glass Produced Firing Technology PM10 Limit

Container Glass All technologies 0.50

Fiberglass All technologies 0.50

Flat Glass All technologies 0.70

5.4.2 Instead of each furnace individually meeting the applicable PM10 limit in Table 4, an operator may choose to meet the PM10 li mit for multiple furnaces or furnace batteries by considering the mu ltiple furnaces or furnace battery as a single unit. An operator choosing thi s option shall conform to the provisions of Sections 9.6 through 9.7.8.5 for PM10 emissions.

5.5 Start-up Requirements

5.5.1 The operator shall submit a request for a sta rt-up exemption to the APCO, ARB, and EPA in conjunction with or in advance of a n application for Authority to Construct (ATC) associated with a furn ace rebuild.

5.5.2 The operator shall submit to the APCO, ARB, a nd EPA any information deemed necessary by the APCO, ARB, or EPA to determ ine the appropriate length of start-up exemption. This information sha ll include, but is not

limited to:

5.5.2.1 A detailed list of activities to be perform ed during start-up, and a reasonable explanation for the length of time neede d to complete each activity,; and

5.5.2.2 A description of the material process flow rates, system operating parameters, etc., that the operator plans to evalua te during the process optimization,;

5.5.2.3 Clearly identified control technologies or strategies to be utilized,; 5.5.2.4 Explicit description of what physical condi tions prevail during start-up periods that prevent the controls from bei ng effective,; and

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 9 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 5.5.2.5 Reasonably precise estimate as to when phys ical conditions will

have reached a state that allows for the effective control of

emissions.

5.5.3 Start up exemptions shall begin upon activati on of the primary combustion
system.

5.5.4 The approved actual length of the start-up ex emption shall be determined by the APCO, ARB, and EPA at the time of the ATC issua nce, but in any case, it shall not exceed the amount of time specified in Table 5. The approval for the startup exemption shall be in writing from each agency.

Table 5 – Maximum Start-up Time

Type of Furnace Maximum Start-up

NOx control system that does not meet Section 5.5.4.2 provisions Maximum Start-up NOx control system that

meets Section 5.5.4.2 provisions

Container glass 70 days 100 days

Fiber glass 40 days 105 days

Flat glass 104 days 208 days

5.5.4.1 Maximum start-up time for furnaces with NOx controls that do

not meet any of the conditions of Section 5.5.4.2 i s listed in the

center column of Table 5.

5.5.4.2 Maximum start-up time column as shown in th e rightmost

column of Table 5 shall be the maximum startup time if the NOx control system meets one or more of the following c onditions:

5.5.4.2.1 Is innovative,

5.5.4.2.2 Is not in common use,

5.5.4.2.3 Is not readily available from a commercia l supplier,

5.5.4.2.4 Is funded as original research by a publi c agency.

5.5.5 During start-up period, the stoichiometric ra tio of the primary furnace combustion system shall not exceed 5% excess oxygen , as calculated from

the actual fuel and oxidant stream flow measurement s for combustion in the glass melting furnace, except during the time when the oxidant stream for an oxy-fuel fired furnace contains at least 50% oxygen

.

5.5.6 The emission control system shall be in opera tion as soon as technologically feasible during start-up to minimize emissions.

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 10 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 5.5.7 Notifications shall be performed and records kept in accordance with

Section 6.7.

5.6 Shutdown Requirements

5.6.1 The duration of shutdown, as measured from th e time the furnace operations drop below the idle threshold specified in Section 3.17 to when all emissions from the furnace cease, shall not exceed 20 days.

5.6.2 The emission control system shall be in opera tion whenever technologically feasible during shutdown to minimize emissions.

5.6.3 Notifications shall be performed and records kept in accordance with

Section 6.7.

5.7 Idling Requirements

5.7.1 The emission control system shall be in opera tion whenever technologically feasible during idling to minimize emissions.

5.7.2 Emissions of NOx, CO, VOC, SOx, and PM10 duri ng idling shall not exceed the amount as calculated using the following equation:

Capacity E E i i *

, max =

Where

E i ,max = maximum daily emission of pollutant i during idling, in

pounds pollutant per day;

E i = Applicable emission limit from Table 1, Table 2, Table 3,

or Table 4 for pollutant i, in pounds pollutant per ton glass produced;

Capacity = Furnace’s permitted glass production capacity in tons glass

produced per day.

5.7.3 Notifications shall be performed and records kept in accordance with

Section 6.7. 5.8 Compliance Determination: Any source testing r esult, CEMS, or alternate emission monitoring method averaged value exceeding the applicable emission limits in Section 5.1, Section 5.2, Section 5.3, or Section 5.4 shall constitute a

violation of the rule.

5.9 Monitoring Requirements

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 11 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 5.9.1 NOx Emission Monitoring Requirements

The operator of any glass melting furnace shall imp lement a NOx CEMS that is approved, in writing, by the APCO and EPA, and that meets the requirements of Sections 6.6. For a furnace batter y, a single CEMS may

be used to determine the total NOx emissions from a ll the furnaces provided the emission measurements are made at the common stack.

5.9.2 CO and VOC Emission Monitoring Requirements

Section 5.9.2 shall be in effect on and after Janua ry 1, 2009.

5.9.2.1 For each furnace subject to Table 2 CO limi ts, the operator shall implement a CO CEMS that meets the requirements of Section 6.6.1, and that is approved, in writing, by the APC O.

5.9.2.2 For each furnace subject to Table 2 VOC lim its, the operator shall implement a VOC CEMS that meets the requireme nts of Section 6.6.1, and that is approved, in writing, by the APCO.

5.9.2.3 In lieu of installing and operating a CEMS for CO or CEMS for VOC or both, an operator may propose key system ope rating parameter(s) and frequency of monitoring and record ing.

5.9.2.3.1 The alternate monitoring shall meet the r equirements

of Section 6.6.2.

5.9.2.3.2 The operator shall obtain approval of the APCO and

EPA for the specific key system operating parameter(s), monitoring frequency, and recording frequency used by the operator to monitor CO/VOC

emissions.

5.9.2.3.3 The operator shall monitor approved key s ystem

operating parameter(s) at the approved monitoring frequency to ensure compliance with the emission limit(s) during periods of emission-producing

activities.

5.9.2.3.4 Acceptable range(s) for key system operat ing

parameter(s) shall be demonstrated through source t est.

5.9.2.4 For the operator of multiple furnaces or a furnace battery utilizing Section 5.2.2 to comply with CO emission limits or VOC emission limits or both, a single parametric mo nitoring arrangement or a single CEMS may be used to determi ne the CO

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 12 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 emissions or VOC emissions or both from all the fur naces provided that the multiple furnaces/furnace battery is subject to the provisions of Sections 9.6 through 9.7.8.5 and:

5.9.2.4.1 For units using a CEMS - the emission mea surements

are made at the common stack.

5.9.2.4.2 For units using a parametric monitoring a rrangement –

the key system operating parameters are representat ive

of the combined exhaust stream.

5.9.3 SOx Emission Monitoring Requirements

Section 5.9.3 shall be in effect on and after Janua ry 1, 2011. Flat glass furnace operators electing the Tier 4 early enhance d option shall be subject to the requirements of this section by the complian ce date in Section 7.2.2.

5.9.3.1 For each furnace subject to Section 5.3, th e operator shall implement a SOx CEMS that meets the requirements of Section 6.6.1 and that is approved, in writing, by the APCO and EPA.

5.9.3.2 In lieu of installing and operating a CEMS for SOx, an operator may propose key system operating parameter(s) and f requency of monitoring and recording.

5.9.3.2.1 The alternate monitoring shall meet the r equirements

of Section 6.6.2.

5.9.3.2.2 The operator shall obtain approval of the APCO and

EPA for the specific key system operating parameter(s), monitoring frequency, and recording frequency used by the operator to monitor SOx

emissions.

5.9.3.2.3 The operator shall monitor approved key s ystem

operating parameter(s) at the approved monitoring frequency to ensure compliance with the emission limit(s) during periods of emission-producing

activities.

5.9.3.2.4 Acceptable range(s) for key system operat ing

parameter(s) shall be demonstrated through source t est.

5.9.3.3 For the operator of multiple furnaces or a furnace battery utilizing Section 5.3.4 to comply with SOx emission limits, a single parametric monitoring arrangement or a singl e CEMS may

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 13 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 be used to determine the SOx emissions from all the furnaces provided that the multiple furnaces/furnace battery is subject to the provisions of Sections 9.6 through 9.7.8.5 and:

5.9.3.3.1 For units using a CEMS - the emission mea surements

are made at the common stack.

5.9.3.3.2 For units using a parametric monitoring a rrangement –

the key system operating parameters are representat ive

of the combined exhaust stream.

5.9.4 PM10 Emission Monitoring Requirements

Section 5.9.4 shall be in effect on and after Janua ry 1, 2011. Flat glass furnace operators electing the Tier 4 early enhance d option shall be subject to the requirements of this section by the complian ce date in Section 7.2.2.

5.9.4.1 The operator shall propose key system opera ting parameter(s) and frequency of monitoring and recording.

5.9.4.1.1 The parametric monitoring shall meet the requirements

of Section 6.6.2.

5.9.4.1.2 The operator shall obtain approval of the APCO and

EPA for the specific key system operating parameter(s), monitoring frequency, and recording frequency used by the operator to monitor PM10

emissions.

5.9.4.1.3 The operator shall monitor approved key s ystem

operating parameter(s) at the approved monitoring frequency to ensure compliance with the emission limit(s) during periods of emission-producing

activities.

5.9.4.1.4 Acceptable range(s) for key system operat ing

parameter(s) shall be demonstrated through source t est.

5.9.4.2 In lieu of parametric monitoring, the opera tor may elect to implement a PM10 CEMS that meets the requirements o f Section 6.6.1, and that is approved, in writing, by the APC O and EPA.

5.9.4.3 For the operator of multiple furnaces or a furnace battery utilizing Section 5.4.2 to comply with PM10 emissio n limits, a single parametric monitoring arrangement or a singl e CEMS may

be used to determine the total PM10 emissions from all the

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 14 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 furnaces provided that the multiple furnaces/furnac e battery is subject to the provisions of Sections 9.6 through 9 .7.8.5 and:

5.9.4.3.1 For units using a CEMS - the emission mea surements

are made at the common stack.

5.9.4.3.2 For units using a parametric monitoring a rrangement –

the key system operating parameters are representat ive

of the combined exhaust stream.

5.10 Routine Maintenance of Add-On Emission Control Systems

Section 5.10 shall be in effect on and after Januar y 1, 2009.

During routine maintenance of an add-on emission co ntrol system, an operator of a glass melting furnace subject to the provisions o f Sections 5.1 through 5.4 is exempt from these limits if:

5.10.1 Routine maintenance in each calendar year do es not exceed 144 hours total for all add-on controls; and

5.10.2 Routine maintenance is conducted in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emission s.

6.0 Administrative Requirements

6.1 Permitted Glass Production Capacity

Each glass melting furnace’s PTO shall include the furnace’s permitted glass production capacity in units of tons of glass pulle d per day as a permit condition.

6.2 Operations Records

Section 6.2 shall be in effect through December 31, 2010.

6.2.1 Operators subject to the Table 1 Tier 2 NOx e mission limits shall maintain the records specified in Sections 6.2.1.1 through 6 .2.1.3 for a period of five years, make them available on site during norm al business hours, and submit them to the APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request.

6.2.1.1 Daily records of the total hours of operati on, type and quantity of fuel used in each furnace, and/or the quantity of g lass pulled from each furnace whichever matches the permit cond ition in the

furnace’s PTO.

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 15 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 6.2.1.2 Daily records of NOx emission rate in lb/to n of glass pulled.

6.2.1.3 Records of source tests and operating param eters established during initial source test, maintenance and repair, malfunction, and idling, start-up and shutdown.

6.2.2 The following requirements shall apply from J anuary 1, 2009 through December 31, 2010. Operators shall maintain daily records of:

6.2.2.1 CO emission rate in units matching Table 2 if CEMS is used for CO monitoring;

6.2.2.2 VOC emission rate in units matching Table 2 , if CEMS is used for VOC monitoring;

6.2.2.3 For CO or VOC or both monitored using an ap proved parametric monitoring arrangement, operating values of the key system operating parameters.

6.2.3 The operator shall retain the records specifi ed in Sections 6.2.1 and 6.2.2 for a period of five years, make them available on site during normal business hours to the APCO, ARB, or EPA, and submit them to the APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request.

6.3 Operations Records

Section 6.3 shall be in effect on and after January 1, 2011.

6.3.1 Operators shall maintain daily records of the following items:

6.3.1.1 Total hours of operation;

6.3.1.2 The quantity of glass pulled from each furn ace;

6.3.1.3 NOx emission rate in lb/ton glass pulled;

6.3.1.4 CO emission rate in units matching Table 2, if a CEMS is used;

6.3.1.5 VOC emission rate in units matching Table 2 , if a CEMS is used;

6.3.1.6 SOx emission rate in lb/ton glass pulled, i f a CEMS is used;

6.3.1.7 PM10 emission rate in lb/ton glass pulled, if a CEMS is used;

6.3.1.8 For container glass furnaces that are oxy-f uel fired:

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 16 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 6.3.1.8.1 The weight of mixed color mix cullet used ;

6.3.1.8.2 The total amount of cullet used by weight ; and

6.3.1.8.3 The ratio, expressed in percent, of mixed color mix

weight to total cullet weight.

6.3.2 For pollutants monitored using an approved pa rametric monitoring arrangement, operators shall record the operating v alues of the key system operating parameters at the approved recording freq uency.

6.3.3 Operators shall maintain records of the follo wing items:

6.3.3.1 Source tests and source test results;

6.3.3.2 The acceptable range for each approved key system operating parameter, as established during source test;

6.3.3.3 Maintenance and repair; and

6.3.3.4 Malfunction.

6.3.4 The operator shall retain records specified i n Sections 6.3.1 through 6.3.3 for a period of five years; make the records availa ble on site during normal business hours to the APCO, ARB, or EPA; and submit the records to the APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request.

6.4 Compliance Source Testing

6.4.1 Each glass melting furnace or a furnace batte ry shall be source tested at least once every calendar year, but not more than e very 18 months and not sooner than every 6 months to demonstrate complianc e with the applicable requirements of Section 5.0. Sources exempt under Section 4.3 are not required to source test for the exempted pollutants

.

6.4.2 Source test conditions shall be representativ e of normal operations, but not less than 60 percent of the permitted glass product ion capacity.

6.4.3 For operators using alternative monitoring sy stems, during the source test, the operator shall monitor and record, at a minimum , all operating data for each parameter, fresh feed rate, and flue gas flow rate and submit this data with the test report.

6.4.4 During source testing in accordance with Sect ion 6.4.1, the arithmetic average of three (3) 30-consecutive-minute test run s shall be used to determine compliance with NOx, CO, VOC, and SOx emi ssion limits.

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 17 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 6.4.5 During source testing in accordance with Sect ion 6.4.1, the arithmetic average of three (3) 60-consecutive-minute test run s shall be used to determine compliance with PM10 emission limits.

6.4.6 For a given pollutant, if two of the three ru ns individually demonstrate emissions above the applicable limit, the test cann ot be used to demonstrate compliance for the furnace, even if the averaged emissions of all three test runs is less than the applicable lim it.

6.5 Test Methods

Compliance with the requirements of Section 5.0 sha ll be determined in accordance with the following source test procedure s or their equivalents as approved by the EPA, ARB, and the APCO:

6.5.1 Oxides of nitrogen – EPA Method 7E, EPA Metho d 19, or ARB Method

100.

6.5.2 Carbon monoxide (ppmv) – EPA Method 10, or AR B Method 100.

6.5.3 Volatile Organic Compound (ppmv) – EPA Method 25A expressed in

terms of carbon or ARB Method 100. EPA Method 18 o r ARB Method 422 shall be used to determine emissions of exempt compounds.

6.5.4 Stack gas oxygen, carbon dioxide, excess air, and dry molecular weight – EPA Method 3 or 3A, or ARB Method 100.

6.5.5 Stack gas velocity and volumetric flow rate – EPA Method 2.

6.5.6 Oxides of sulfur – EPA Method 6C, EPA Method 8, or ARB Method 100. 6.5.7 The SOx emission control system efficiency sh all be determined using the following:

6.5.7.1 EPA Method 2 for measuring flow rates; and

6.5.7.2 EPA Method 6C or EPA Method 8 for measuring total SOx (expressed as SO 2 ) concentrations at the inlet and outlet of the

control device.

6.5.7.3 The SOx emission control system efficiency shall be calculated using the following equation:

% Control Efficiency = [ (C SO2, inlet – C SO2, outlet ) / C SO2, inlet

] X 100

Where:

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 18 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 C SO2, inlet = concentration of SOx (expressed as SO 2 ) at the inlet side of the SOx emission control system, in lb/dscf

C SO2, outlet = concentration of SOx (expressed as SO 2 ) at the outlet side of the SOx emission control system, in lb/dscf

6.5.8 Sulfur content of liquid fuel – American Soci ety for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D 6428-99 or ASTM D 5453-99.

6.5.9 PM10 Test Methods

6.5.9.1 Filterable PM10 emissions - EPA Method 5; E PA Method 201; or EPA Method 201A. An operator choosing EPA Method 5 shall

count all PM collected as PM10.

6.5.9.2 Condensable PM 10 emissions - EPA Method 20 2 with the following procedures:

6.5.9.2.1 Purge the impinger with dry nitrogen for one hour. The

one-hour purge with dry nitrogen shall be performed as soon possible after the final leak check of the sys tem.

6.5.9.2.2 Neutralize the inorganic portion to a pH of 7.0. Use

the procedure, "Determination of NH4 Retained in Sample by Titration" described in Method 202 to neutralize the sulfuric acid. Neutralizing the ino rganic portion to a pH of 7.0 determines the un-neutralize dsulfuric acid content of the sample without overcorrecting the amount of neutralized sulfate in the inorganic portion.

6.5.9.2.3 Evaporate the last 1 ml of the inorganic fraction by air

drying following evaporation of the bulk of the impinger water in a 105 degrees C oven as described in

the first sentence of the Method 202 section titled "Inorganic Fraction Weight Determination.”

6.6 Emissions Monitoring Systems

6.6.1 An approved CEMS shall comply with all of the following requirements:

6.6.1.1 Code of Federal Regulations Title 40 (40 CF R) Part 51;

6.6.1.2 40 CFR Part 60.7 (Notification and Record K eeping);

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 19 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 6.6.1.3 40 CFR Part 60.13 (Monitoring Requirements) ;

6.6.1.4 40 CFR Part 60 Appendix B (Performance Spec ifications);

6.6.1.5 40 CFR Part 60 Appendix F (Quality Assuranc e Procedures); and

6.6.1.6 Applicable sections of Rule 1080 (Stack Mon itoring).

6.6.2 An approved alternate emission monitoring met hod shall be capable of determining the furnace emissions on an hourly basi s and shall comply with the following requirements:

6.6.2.1 40 CFR 64 (Compliance Assurance Monitoring) ; and

6.6.2.2 40 CFR 60.13 (Monitoring Requirements).

6.7 Notifications and Records for Start-up, Shutdow n, and Idling

6.7.1 The operator of any glass melting furnace cla iming an exemption under Section 4.4 shall notify the APCO by telephone at l east 24 hours before initiating idling, shutdown, or start-up. The noti fication shall include: date and time of the start of the exempt operation, reas on for performing the operation, and an estimated completion date.

6.7.2 The operator shall notify the APCO by telepho ne within 24 hours after completion of the start-up, shutdown, or idling.

6.7.3 The operator claiming exemption under Section 4.4 shall maintain all operating records/support documentation necessary t o support claim of exemption.

6.7.4 Records/support documentation required by Sec tion 6.7.3 shall meet the following requirements:

6.7.4.1 The records/support documentation shall be retained on-site for five years.

6.7.4.2 The records/support documentation shall be made available to the APCO, ARB, or EPA during normal business hours.

6.7.4.3 The records/support documentation shall be submitted to the APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request.

6.8 Records for Exempt Furnaces

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 20 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 6.8.1 An operator claiming exemption under Section 4.1, Section 4.2, or Section 4.3 shall maintain records/documentation necessary to support claim of exemption.

6.8.2 Records/support documentation specified in Se ction 6.8.1 shall meet the following requirements:

6.8.2.1 The records/documentation shall be retained on site for five

years.

6.8.2.2 The records/documentation shall be made ava ilable to the APCO, ARB, or EPA during normal business hours.

6.8.2.3 The records/documentation shall be submitte d to the APCO, ARB, or EPA upon request.

7.0 Compliance Schedule

7.1 Container Glass and Fiberglass Furnaces

7.1.1 For container glass/fiberglass furnaces, the operator must submit a completed Authority to Construct (ATC) application, if needed, by June 1, 2012; and be in full compliance with the Section 5. 1 Table 1 Tier 3 NOx limits by January 1, 2014.

7.1.2 For a container glass/fiberglass furnace that is not meeting the applicable SOx limit in Section 5.3 Table 3 on January 1, 2009 , the operator must submit a completed ATC application, if needed, by J une 1, 2009 and be in full compliance with the applicable SOx emission li mit by January 1,

2011.

7.1.3 For a container glass/fiberglass furnace that is not meeting the applicable

PM10 emission limit in Section 5.4 Table 4 on Janua ry 1, 2009, the operator must submit a completed ATC application, i f needed, by June 1, 2009; and be in full compliance with the applicable PM10 limit by January 1, 2011.

7.2 Flat Glass Furnaces

7.2.1 A flat glass operator, who does not commit to the Tier 4 early enhanced option in Section 5.1 Table 1, shall comply with th e applicable deadlines specified in Sections 7.2.1.1 through 7.2.1.6.

7.2.1.1 The operator must submit a completed ATC ap plication, if needed, by June 1, 2009; and be in full compliance with the Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 3 NOx limits by January 1, 2011.

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 21 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 7.2.1.2 By January 1, 2011, operators of flat glass furnaces shall submit, in writing, a letter signed by a responsible offici al. The letter shall include the following information:

7.2.1.2.1 Name and address of the facility;

7.2.1.2.2 A statement declaring whether the furnace will meet the

Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 standard option or the T ier 4 enhanced option;

7.2.1.2.3 The technology expected to be utilized to meet the

stated Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 option; and

7.2.1.2.4 Signature of responsible official with th e person’s

printed name and title.

7.2.1.3 Operators utilizing the Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 standard option shall submit a completed ATC application, if needed , by June 1, 2012; and be in full compliance with the Section 5. 1 Table 1 Tier 4 standard option NOx limits by January 1, 2014. 7.2.1.4 Operators utilizing the Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 enhanced option shall submit a completed ATC application, if needed, by June 1, 2016; and be in full compliance with the Se ction 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 enhanced option NOx limits by Januar y 1, 2018. 7.2.1.5 For a furnace that is not meeting the appli cable SOx emission limit in Section 5.3 Table 3 on January 1, 2009, th e operator must submit a completed ATC application, if needed, by June 1, 2009 and be in full compliance with the applicable SOx emission limit by January 1, 2011.

7.2.1.6 For a furnace that is not meeting the appli cable PM10 emission limit in Section 5.4 Table 4 on January 1, 2009, th e operator must submit a completed ATC application, if needed, by June 1, 2009; and be in full compliance with the applicable PM10 limit by January 1, 2011.

7.2.2 A flat glass operator, who commits to the Tie r 4 early enhanced option in Section 5.1 Table 1, shall comply with the applicab le emission limits by the compliance deadlines specified in Sections 7.2.2.1 through 7.2.2.3.

7.2.2.1 By November 1, 2010, operators of flat glas s furnaces shall submit, in writing, a letter signed by a responsibl e official. The letter shall include the following information:

7.2.2.1.1 Name and address of the facility,;

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 22 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 7.2.2.1.2 A statement declaring the furnace will me et the Tier

4 early enhanced option, Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 NOx limit; Section 5.3 Table 3 SOx limit; and Section 5.4 Table 4 PM10 limit by January 1, 2014 or by the next furnace rebuild schedule, whichever is earlier,;

7.2.2.1.3 The technologies expected to be utilized to meet the

stated Early Enhanced Option, Section 5.1 Table 1, Tier 4 NOx limit; Section 5.3 Table 3 SOx limit; and Section 5.4 Table 4 PM10 limit,; and

7.2.2.1.4 Signature of responsible official with th e person’s

printed name and title.

7.2.2.2 By June 1, 2012, the operator shall submit a completed ATC application, if needed, for any furnace modificatio ns to comply with the applicable NOx, SOx and PM10 emission limi ts.

7.2.2.3 Full compliance with the Section 5.1 Table 1 Tier 4 early enhanced option NOx limits; Section 5.3 Table 3 SOx limit; and Section 5.4 Table 4 PM10 limit by January 1, 2014 o r by the next furnace rebuild, whichever is earlier.

8.0 Calculations

8.1 The pollutant mass emission rate in lb/hr shall be converted to lb pollutant/ton of glass pulled according to the following equation:

hr tons in rate Pull emitted hr lb pulled glass of ton emitted lb / / / =

8.2 100% air-fuel fired furnaces which have concent ration limits in ppmv values shall be subject to the CO and VOC emission limits specif ied in Section 5.2. These limits are referenced at dry stack gas conditions a nd 8.0 percent by volume of stack oxygen. The CO and VOC emission concentratio ns shall be corrected to 8.0 percent oxygen by using the equation below, or an e quivalent correction method that is approved, in writing, by each of the follow ing: APCO, ARB, and EPA.



### ) CO (ppmv x ) O %( 20.9% 12.9%

= ) CO (ppmv measured measured 2 corrected



### −

) VOC (ppmv ) O 2 (% 20.9% 12.9%

= ) VOC (ppmv measured

measured corrected x

−

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 23 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 8.3 The operator of a oxy-fuel fired furnace, oxyge n-assisted combustion furnace, or a furnace utilizing any fuel oxidants other than 100% ambient air, shall submit to the APCO, ARB, and EPA for approval any methodologi es and data that will be used to calculate emission rates for NOx, CO, and V OC if the methods are different than specified in Sections 8.1 or 8.2. U nless the operator received prior written approval from APCO, ARB, and EPA of all the calculation methods to be used that are different than specified in Sections 8.1 or 8.2, compliance with the emissions limits cannot be fully demonstrated, and it shall be deemed to be a

violation of the rule.

9.0 Furnace Battery or Multiple Furnaces Control

9.1 As an alternative to complying with Section 5.1 Tier 2 NOx emission limits, the operator of a furnace battery or multiple furnaces shall operate the furnace battery or multiple furnaces pursuant to Sections 9.2 throu gh 9.6.2. Any violation of the requirements below shall be considered a violation of this rule, and a violation of the aggregated emission limits shall constitute a v iolation for each furnace for the entire averaging time.

9.2 Any operator who elects to comply with Section 9.0 in lieu of complying with the requirements of Section 5.1 Tier 2 NOx emission lim its shall be subject to a 10% environmental air quality benefit pursuant to 40 CF R 51 Subpart U. NOx

emissions shall be at least 10% lower than the limi ts specified in Section 5.1 Tier

2.

9.3 The daily aggregate NOx emissions, as determine d in accordance with Section 9.6, shall be no greater than those obtained by con trolling each furnace to comply individually with the limits in Section 5.1 Tier 2.

9.4 The operator shall conduct source testing of th e furnace according to the requirements of Section 6.4.

9.5 Determination of Compliance

9.5.1 The operator shall calculate and record on a daily basis the aggregated emissions of furnaces which are subject to Section 9.2. Such records shall be kept for a period of five years. The operator s hall notify the APCO of any violation of Section 9.3 within 24 hours. The notification shall

include:

9.5.1.1 name and location of the facility;

9.5.1.2 identification of furnace(s) causing the ex ceedances;

9.5.1.3 the cause and the expected duration of exce edances;

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 24 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 9.5.1.4 calculation of actual NOx, CO and VOC emiss ions;

9.5.1.5 corrective actions and schedules to complet e the work.

9.5.2 The operator shall demonstrate compliance wit h the requirements of Section 9.3 through CEMS data or approved alternate emission monitoring methods, and source test results.

9.6 Determination of Aggregated Emissions

9.6.1 The aggregated emissions for a given pollutan t of a furnace battery are the emissions for the pollutant as measured at the comm on stack divided by the sum of the daily glass pulled from each furnace

.

9.6.2 The aggregated emissions of multiple furnaces for a given pollutant are the sum of each furnace’s daily emissions for the pollu tant divided by the sum of the daily glass pulled from each furnace.

9.7 Multiple Furnaces/Furnace Battery Requirements for Tier 3 NOx, CO, VOC, SOx

and PM10 Control

9.7.1 An operator of either furnace battery or mult iple furnaces that elects to meet the emission limits for the furnaces through t he requirements of this section shall be subject to a 10% air quality benef it in accordance with 40 CFR Part 51 Subpart U. The maximum emission rate s hall be at least 10% lower than the applicable limit specified in Sectio n 5.1 (Tier 3 NOx), Section 5.2 (CO and VOC), Section 5.3 (SOx), or Sec tion 5.4 (PM10), for each pollutant subject to this option.

9.7.2 The operator of a furnace battery or multiple furnaces choosing the alternate emission limit shall operate the furnace battery or multiple furnaces according to Sections 9.7.3 through 9.7.8. 5. Only those pollutants with emissions that are averaged across multiple furnaces/furnace battery are subject to all subpart s of Section 9.7. Pollutant emissions that are not averaged across mu ltiple furnaces/furnace battery are subject to the applicable emission limi ts of Sections 5.1 through 5.4.

9.7.3 The daily aggregate emissions, as determined in accordance with Section 9.6, shall be no greater than those obtained by con trolling each furnace to comply individually with applicable emission limits , less the 10% air quality benefit.

9.7.4 The operator shall demonstrate compliance wit h Section 9.7.3 through source test results and monitoring by either CEMS o r approved alternate emission monitoring methods.

# PROPOSED May 19, 2011

4354 - 25 Proposed Amendments to Rule 4354 9.7.5 The operator shall conduct source testing of the furnaces according to the requirements of Section 6.4.

9.7.6 Records shall be kept in accordance with the applicable provisions of

Section 6.0.

9.7.7 Any violation of the aggregated emission limi ts shall constitute a violation of the rule for each furnace for the entire averagi ng period.

9.7.8 The operator shall notify the APCO of any vio lation of Section 9.7.3

within 24 hours. The notification shall include:

9.7.8.1 Name and location of the facility;

9.7.8.2 Identification of furnace(s) causing the vi olation;

9.7.8.3 The cause and the expected duration of viol ation;

9.7.8.4 Calculation of actual NOx, CO, VOC, SOx, an d PM10 emissions during the violation;

9.7.8.5 Corrective actions and schedules to complete the wo rk

.