ATTACHMENT 2

Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention in Certain Residential Structures;

40 CFR 745
40 CFR 745 – Lead 1

Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40: Protection of Environment

PART 745—LEAD-BASED PAINT POISONING PREVENTION IN CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL 

STRUCTURES

(Reprinted from the Electronic Code of Federal Regulations, http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov)

Section Contents

Subparts A–C [Reserved]

Subpart D—Lead-Based Paint Hazards

§ 745.61 Scope and applicability.

§ 745.63 Definitions.

§ 745.65 Lead-based paint hazards.

Subpart E—Residential Property Renovation

§ 745.80 Purpose.

§ 745.81 Effective dates.

§ 745.82 Applicability.

§ 745.83 Definitions.

§ 745.84 Information distribution requirements.

§ 745.85 Work practice standards.

§ 745.86 Recordkeeping and reporting requirements.

§ 745.87 Enforcement and inspections.

§ 745.88 Recognized test kits.

§ 745.89 Firm certification.

§ 745.90 Renovator certification and dust sampling technician certification.

§ 745.91 Suspending, revoking, or modifying an individual's or firm's certification.

§ 745.92 Fees for the accreditation of renovation and dust sampling technician training and the certification of 

renovation firms.

Subpart F—Disclosure of Known Lead-Based Paint and/or Lead-Based Paint Hazards Upon Sale or Lease of 

Residential Property

§ 745.100 Purpose.

§ 745.101 Scope and applicability.

§ 745.102 Effective dates.

§ 745.103 Definitions.

§ 745.107 Disclosure requirements for sellers and lessors.

§ 745.110 Opportunity to conduct an evaluation.

§ 745.113 Certification and acknowledgment of disclosure.

§ 745.115 Agent responsibilities.

§ 745.118 Enforcement.

§ 745.119 Impact on State and local requirements.

Subparts G–K [Reserved]
40 CFR 745 – Lead 2

Subpart L—Lead-Based Paint Activities

§ 745.220 Scope and applicability.

§ 745.223 Definitions.

§ 745.225 Accreditation of training programs: target housing and child-occupied facilities.

§ 745.226 Certification of individuals and firms engaged in lead-based paint activities: target housing and childoccupied facilities.

§ 745.227 Work practice standards for conducting lead-based paint activities: target housing and child-occupied 

facilities.

§ 745.228 Accreditation of training programs: public and commercial buildings, bridges and superstructures. 

[Reserved]

§ 745.229 Certification of individuals and firms engaged in lead-based paint activities: public and commercial 

buildings, bridges and superstructures. [Reserved]

§ 745.230 Work practice standards for conducting lead-based paint activities: public and commercial buildings, 

bridges and superstructures. [Reserved]

§ 745.233 Lead-based paint activities requirements.

§ 745.235 Enforcement.

§ 745.237 Inspections.

§ 745.238 Fees for accreditation and certification of lead-based paint activities.

§ 745.239 Effective dates.

Subparts M–P [Reserved]

Subpart Q—State and Indian Tribal Programs

§ 745.320 Scope and purpose.

§ 745.323 Definitions.

§ 745.324 Authorization of State or Tribal programs.

§ 745.325 Lead-based paint activities: State and Tribal program requirements.

§ 745.326 Renovation: State and Tribal program requirements.

§ 745.327 State or Indian Tribal lead-based paint compliance and enforcement programs.

§ 745.339 Effective date.

Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2605, 2607, 2681–2692 and 42 U.S.C. 4852d.

Source: 61 FR 9085, Mar. 6, 1996, unless otherwise noted.

Subparts A–C [Reserved]

Subpart D—Lead-Based Paint Hazards

Source: 66 FR 1237, Jan. 5, 2001, unless otherwise noted.

§ 745.61 Scope and applicability.

(a) This subpart identifies lead-based paint hazards.

(b) The standards for lead-based paint hazards apply to target housing and child-occupied 

facilities.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 3

(c) Nothing in this subpart requires the owner of property(ies) subject to these standards to 

evaluate the property(ies) for the presence of lead-based paint hazards or take any action to 

control these conditions if one or more of them is identified.

§ 745.63 Definitions.

The following definitions apply to part 745.

Arithmetic mean means the algebraic sum of data values divided by the number of data values 

(e.g., the sum of the concentration of lead in several soil samples divided by the number of 

samples).

Chewable surface means an interior or exterior surface painted with lead-based paint that a 

young child can mouth or chew. A chewable surface is the same as an ―accessible surface‖ as 

defined in 42 U.S.C. 4851b(2)). Hard metal substrates and other materials that cannot be dented 

by the bite of a young child are not considered chewable.

Common area group means a group of common areas that are similar in design, construction, 

and function. Common area groups include, but are not limited to hallways, stairwells, and 

laundry rooms.

Concentration means the relative content of a specific substance contained within a larger mass, 

such as the amount of lead (in micrograms per gram or parts per million by weight) in a sample 

of dust or soil.

Deteriorated paint means any interior or exterior paint or other coating that is peeling, chipping, 

chalking or cracking, or any paint or coating located on an interior or exterior surface or fixture 

that is otherwise damaged or separated from the substrate.

Dripline means the area within 3 feet surrounding the perimeter of a building.

Friction surface means an interior or exterior surface that is subject to abrasion or friction, 

including, but not limited to, certain window, floor, and stair surfaces.

Impact surface means an interior or exterior surface that is subject to damage by repeated sudden 

force such as certain parts of door frames.

Interior window sill means the portion of the horizontal window ledge that protrudes into the 

interior of the room.

Lead-based paint hazard means hazardous lead-based paint, dust-lead hazard or soil-lead hazard 

as identified in §745.65.

Loading means the quantity of a specific substance present per unit of surface area, such as the 

amount of lead in micrograms contained in the dust collected from a certain surface area divided 

by the surface area in square feet or square meters.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 4

Mid-yard means an area of a residential yard approximately midway between the dripline of a 

residential building and the nearest property boundary or between the driplines of a residential 

building and another building on the same property.

Play area means an area of frequent soil contact by children of less than 6 years of age as 

indicated by, but not limited to, such factors including the following: the presence of play 

equipment (e.g., sandboxes, swing sets, and sliding boards), toys, or other children's possessions, 

observations of play patterns, or information provided by parents, residents, care givers, or 

property owners.

Residential building means a building containing one or more residential dwellings.

Room means a separate part of the inside of a building, such as a bedroom, living room, dining 

room, kitchen, bathroom, laundry room, or utility room. To be considered a separate room, the 

room must be separated from adjoining rooms by built-in walls or archways that extend at least 6 

inches from an intersecting wall. Half walls or bookcases count as room separators if built-in. 

Movable or collapsible partitions or partitions consisting solely of shelves or cabinets are not 

considered built-in walls. A screened in porch that is used as a living area is a room.

Soil sample means a sample collected in a representative location using ASTM E1727, ―Standard 

Practice for Field Collection of Soil Samples for Lead Determination by Atomic Spectrometry 

Techniques,‖ or equivalent method.

Weighted arithmetic mean means the arithmetic mean of sample results weighted by the number 

of subsamples in each sample. Its purpose is to give influence to a sample relative to the surface 

area it represents. A single surface sample is comprised of a single subsample. A composite 

sample may contain from two to four subsamples of the same area as each other and of each 

single surface sample in the composite. The weighted arithmetic mean is obtained by summing, 

for all samples, the product of the sample's result multiplied by the number of subsamples in the 

sample, and dividing the sum by the total number of subsamples contained in all samples. For 

example, the weighted arithmetic mean of a single surface sample containing 60 μg/ft2, a 

composite sample (three subsamples) containing 100 μg/ft2, and a composite sample (4 

subsamples) containing 110 μg/ft2is 100 μg/ft2. This result is based on the equation 

[60+(3*100)+(4*110)]/(1+3+4).

Window trough means, for a typical double-hung window, the portion of the exterior window sill 

between the interior window sill (or stool) and the frame of the storm window. If there is no 

storm window, the window trough is the area that receives both the upper and lower window 

sashes when they are both lowered. The window trough is sometimes referred to as the window 

―well.‖

Wipe sample means a sample collected by wiping a representative surface of known area, as 

determined by ASTM E1728, ―Standard Practice for Field Collection of Settled Dust Samples 

Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Lead Determination by Atomic Spectrometry Techniques, or 

equivalent method, with an acceptable wipe material as defined in ASTM E 1792, ―Standard 

Specification for Wipe Sampling Materials for Lead in Surface Dust.‖
40 CFR 745 – Lead 5

§ 745.65 Lead-based paint hazards.

(a) Paint-lead hazard. A paint-lead hazard is any of the following:

(1) Any lead-based paint on a friction surface that is subject to abrasion and where the lead dust 

levels on the nearest horizontal surface underneath the friction surface (e.g., the window sill, or 

floor) are equal to or greater than the dust-lead hazard levels identified in paragraph (b) of this 

section.

(2) Any damaged or otherwise deteriorated lead-based paint on an impact surface that is caused 

by impact from a related building component (such as a door knob that knocks into a wall or a 

door that knocks against its door frame.

(3) Any chewable lead-based painted surface on which there is evidence of teeth marks.

(4) Any other deteriorated lead-based paint in any residential building or child-occupied facility 

or on the exterior of any residential building or child-occupied facility.

(b) Dust-lead hazard. A dust-lead hazard is surface dust in a residential dwelling or childoccupied facility that contains a mass-per-area concentration of lead equal to or exceeding 40 

μg/ft2on floors or 250 μg/ft2on interior window sills based on wipe samples.

(c) Soil-lead hazard. A soil-lead hazard is bare soil on residential real property or on the property 

of a child-occupied facility that contains total lead equal to or exceeding 400 parts per million 

(μg/g) in a play area or average of 1,200 parts per million of bare soil in the rest of the yard 

based on soil samples.

(d) Work practice requirements. Applicable certification, occupant protection, and clearance 

requirements and work practice standards are found in regulations issued by EPA at 40 CFR part 

745, subpart L and in regulations issued by the Department of Housing and Urban Development 

(HUD) at 24 CFR part 35, subpart R. The work practice standards in those regulations do not 

apply when treating paint-lead hazards of less than:

(1) Two square feet of deteriorated lead-based paint per room or equivalent,

(2) Twenty square feet of deteriorated paint on the exterior building, or

(3) Ten percent of the total surface area of deteriorated paint on an interior or exterior type of 

component with a small surface area.

Subpart E—Residential Property Renovation

Source: 63 FR 29919, June 1, 1998, unless otherwise noted.

§ 745.80 Purpose.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 6

This subpart contains regulations developed under sections 402 and 406 of the Toxic Substances 

Control Act (15 U.S.C. 2682 and 2686) and applies to all renovations performed for 

compensation in target housing and child-occupied facilities. The purpose of this subpart is to 

ensure the following:

(a) Owners and occupants of target housing and child-occupied facilities receive information on 

lead-based paint hazards before these renovations begin; and

(b) Individuals performing renovations regulated in accordance with §745.82 are properly 

trained; renovators and firms performing these renovations are certified; and the work practices 

in §745.85 are followed during these renovations.

[73 FR 21758, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.81 Effective dates.

(a) Training, certification and accreditation requirements and work practice standards . The 

training, certification and accreditation requirements and work practice standards in this subpart 

are applicable in any State or Indian Tribal area that does not have a renovation program that is 

authorized under subpart Q of this part. The training, certification and accreditation requirements 

and work practice standards in this subpart will become effective as follows:

(1) Training programs . Effective June 23, 2008, no training program may provide, offer, or 

claim to provide training or refresher training for EPA certification as a renovator or a dust 

sampling technician without accreditation from EPA under §745.225. Training programs may 

apply for accreditation under §745.225 beginning April 22, 2009.

(2) Firms . (i) Firms may apply for certification under §745.89 beginning October 22, 2009.

(ii) On or after April 22, 2010, no firm may perform, offer, or claim to perform renovations 

without certification from EPA under §745.89 in target housing or child-occupied facilities, 

unless the renovation qualifies for one of the exceptions identified in §745.82(a) or (c).

(3) Individuals . On or after April 22, 2010, all renovations must be directed by renovators 

certified in accordance with §745.90(a) and performed by certified renovators or individuals 

trained in accordance with §745.90(b)(2) in target housing or child-occupied facilities, unless the 

renovation qualifies for one of the exceptions identified in §745.82(a) or (c).

(4) Work practices . On or after April 22, 2010, all renovations must be performed in accordance 

with the work practice standards in §745.85 and the associated recordkeeping requirements in 

§745.86(b)(6) and (b)(7) in target housing or child-occupied facilities, unless the renovation 

qualifies for one of the exceptions identified in §745.82(a) or (c).

(5) The suspension and revocation provisions in § 745.91 are effective April 22, 2010.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 7

(b) Renovation-specific pamphlet . Before December 22, 2008, renovators or firms performing 

renovations in States and Indian Tribal areas without an authorized program may provide owners 

and occupants with either of the following EPA pamphlets: Protect Your Family From Lead in 

Your Home or Renovate Right: Important Lead Hazard Information for Families, Child Care 

Providers and Schools . After that date, Renovate Right: Important Lead Hazard Information for 

Families, Child Care Providers and Schools must be used exclusively.

(c) Pre-Renovation Education Rule . With the exception of the requirement to use the pamphlet 

entitled Renovate Right: Important Lead Hazard Information for Families, Child Care Providers 

and Schools , the provisions of the Pre-Renovation Education Rule in this subpart have been in 

effect since June 1999.

[73 FR 21758, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.82 Applicability.

(a) This subpart applies to all renovations performed for compensation in target housing and 

child-occupied facilities, except for the following:

(1) Renovations in target housing or child-occupied facilities in which a written determination 

has been made by an inspector or risk assessor (certified pursuant to either Federal regulations at 

§745.226 or a State or Tribal certification program authorized pursuant to §745.324) that the 

components affected by the renovation are free of paint or other surface coatings that contain 

lead equal to or in excess of 1.0 milligrams/per square centimeter (mg/cm2) or 0.5% by weight, 

where the firm performing the renovation has obtained a copy of the determination.

(2) Renovations in target housing or child-occupied facilities in which a certified renovator, 

using an EPA recognized test kit as defined in §745.83 and following the kit manufacturer's 

instructions, has tested each component affected by the renovation and determined that the 

components are free of paint or other surface coatings that contain lead equal to or in excess of 

1.0 mg/cm2or 0.5% by weight. If the components make up an integrated whole, such as the 

individual stair treads and risers of a single staircase, the renovator is required to test only one of 

the individual components, unless the individual components appear to have been repainted or 

refinished separately.

(b) The information distribution requirements in §745.84 do not apply to emergency renovations, 

which are renovation activities that were not planned but result from a sudden, unexpected event 

(such as non-routine failures of equipment) that, if not immediately attended to, presents a safety 

or public health hazard, or threatens equipment and/or property with significant damage. Interim 

controls performed in response to an elevated blood lead level in a resident child are also 

emergency renovations. Emergency renovations other than interim controls are also exempt from 

the warning sign, containment, waste handling, training, and certification requirements in 

§§745.85, 745.89, and 745.90 to the extent necessary to respond to the emergency. Emergency 

renovations are not exempt from the cleaning requirements of §745.85(a)(5), which must be 

performed by certified renovators or individuals trained in accordance with §745.90(b)(2), the 

cleaning verification requirements of §745.85(b), which must be performed by certified 

renovators, and the recordkeeping requirements of §745.86(b)(6) and (b)(7).
40 CFR 745 – Lead 8

(c) The training requirements in §745.90 and the work practice standards for renovation activities 

in §745.85 apply to all renovations covered by this subpart, except for renovations in target 

housing for which the firm performing the renovation has obtained a statement signed by the 

owner that the renovation will occur in the owner's residence, no child under age 6 resides there, 

no pregnant woman resides there, the housing is not a child-occupied facility, and the owner 

acknowledges that the renovation firm will not be required to use the work practices contained in 

EPA's renovation, repair, and painting rule. For the purposes of this section, a child resides in the 

primary residence of his or her custodial parents, legal guardians, and foster parents. A child also 

resides in the primary residence of an informal caretaker if the child lives and sleeps most of the 

time at the caretaker's residence.

[73 FR 21758, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.83 Definitions.

For purposes of this part, the definitions in §745.103 as well as the following definitions apply:

Administrator means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.

Child-occupied facility means a building, or portion of a building, constructed prior to 1978, 

visited regularly by the same child, under 6 years of age, on at least two different days within any 

week (Sunday through Saturday period), provided that each day's visit lasts at least 3 hours and 

the combined weekly visits last at least 6 hours, and the combined annual visits last at least 60 

hours. Child-occupied facilities may include, but are not limited to, day care centers, preschools 

and kindergarten classrooms. Child-occupied facilities may be located in target housing or in 

public or commercial buildings. With respect to common areas in public or commercial buildings 

that contain child-occupied facilities, the child-occupied facility encompasses only those 

common areas that are routinely used by children under age 6, such as restrooms and cafeterias. 

Common areas that children under age 6 only pass through, such as hallways, stairways, and 

garages are not included. In addition, with respect to exteriors of public or commercial buildings 

that contain child-occupied facilities, the child-occupied facility encompasses only the exterior 

sides of the building that are immediately adjacent to the child-occupied facility or the common 

areas routinely used by children under age 6.

Cleaning verification card means a card developed and distributed, or otherwise approved, by 

EPA for the purpose of determining, through comparison of wet and dry disposable cleaning 

cloths with the card, whether post-renovation cleaning has been properly completed.

Component or building component means specific design or structural elements or fixtures of a 

building or residential dwelling that are distinguished from each other by form, function, and 

location. These include, but are not limited to, interior components such as: Ceilings, crown 

molding, walls, chair rails, doors, door trim, floors, fireplaces, radiators and other heating units, 

shelves, shelf supports, stair treads, stair risers, stair stringers, newel posts, railing caps, 

balustrades, windows and trim (including sashes, window heads, jambs, sills or stools and 

troughs), built in cabinets, columns, beams, bathroom vanities, counter tops, and air conditioners; 

and exterior components such as: Painted roofing, chimneys, flashing, gutters and downspouts, 

ceilings, soffits, fascias, rake boards, cornerboards, bulkheads, doors and door trim, fences, 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 9

floors, joists, lattice work, railings and railing caps, siding, handrails, stair risers and treads, stair 

stringers, columns, balustrades, windowsills or stools and troughs, casings, sashes and wells, and 

air conditioners.

Dry disposable cleaning cloth means a commercially available dry, electrostatically charged, 

white disposable cloth designed to be used for cleaning hard surfaces such as uncarpeted floors 

or counter tops.

Firm means a company, partnership, corporation, sole proprietorship or individual doing 

business, association, or other business entity; a Federal, State, Tribal, or local government 

agency; or a nonprofit organization.

HEPA vacuum means a vacuum cleaner which has been designed with a high-efficiency 

particulate air (HEPA) filter as the last filtration stage. A HEPA filter is a filter that is capable of 

capturing particles of 0.3 microns with 99.97% efficiency. The vacuum cleaner must be designed 

so that all the air drawn into the machine is expelled through the HEPA filter with none of the air 

leaking past it.

Interim controls means a set of measures designed to temporarily reduce human exposure or 

likely exposure to lead-based paint hazards, including specialized cleaning, repairs, maintenance, 

painting, temporary containment, ongoing monitoring of lead-based paint hazards or potential 

hazards, and the establishment and operation of management and resident education programs.

Minor repair and maintenance activities are activities, including minor heating, ventilation or air 

conditioning work, electrical work, and plumbing, that disrupt 6 square feet or less of painted 

surface per room for interior activities or 20 square feet or less of painted surface for exterior 

activities where none of the work practices prohibited or restricted by §745.85(a)(3) are used and 

where the work does not involve window replacement or demolition of painted surface areas. 

When removing painted components, or portions of painted components, the entire surface area 

removed is the amount of painted surface disturbed. Jobs, other than emergency renovations, 

performed in the same room within the same 30 days must be considered the same job for the 

purpose of determining whether the job is a minor repair and maintenance activity.

Pamphlet means the EPA pamphlet titled Renovate Right: Important Lead Hazard Information 

for Families, Child Care Providers and Schools developed under section 406(a) of TSCA for use 

in complying with section 406(b) of TSCA, or any State or Tribal pamphlet approved by EPA 

pursuant to 40 CFR 745.326 that is developed for the same purpose. This includes reproductions 

of the pamphlet when copied in full and without revision or deletion of material from the 

pamphlet (except for the addition or revision of State or local sources of information). Before 

December 22, 2008, the term ―pamphlet‖ also means any pamphlet developed by EPA under 

section 406(a) of TSCA or any State or Tribal pamphlet approved by EPA pursuant to § 745.326.

Person means any natural or judicial person including any individual, corporation, partnership, 

or association; any Indian Tribe, State, or political subdivision thereof; any interstate body; and 

any department, agency, or instrumentality of the Federal Government.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 10

Recognized test kit means a commercially available kit recognized by EPA under §745.88 as 

being capable of allowing a user to determine the presence of lead at levels equal to or in excess 

of 1.0 milligrams per square centimeter, or more than 0.5% lead by weight, in a paint chip, paint 

powder, or painted surface.

Renovation means the modification of any existing structure, or portion thereof, that results in 

the disturbance of painted surfaces, unless that activity is performed as part of an abatement as 

defined by this part (40 CFR 745.223). The term renovation includes (but is not limited to): The 

removal, modification or repair of painted surfaces or painted components (e.g., modification of 

painted doors, surface restoration, window repair, surface preparation activity (such as sanding, 

scraping, or other such activities that may generate paint dust)); the removal of building 

components (e.g., walls, ceilings, plumbing, windows); weatherization projects (e.g., cutting 

holes in painted surfaces to install blown-in insulation or to gain access to attics, planing 

thresholds to install weather-stripping), and interim controls that disturb painted surfaces. A 

renovation performed for the purpose of converting a building, or part of a building, into target 

housing or a child-occupied facility is a renovation under this subpart. The term renovation does 

not include minor repair and maintenance activities.

Renovator means an individual who either performs or directs workers who perform renovations. 

A certified renovator is a renovator who has successfully completed a renovator course 

accredited by EPA or an EPA-authorized State or Tribal program.

Training hour means at least 50 minutes of actual learning, including, but not limited to, time 

devoted to lecture, learning activities, small group activities, demonstrations, evaluations, and 

hands-on experience.

Wet disposable cleaning cloth means a commercially available, pre-moistened white disposable 

cloth designed to be used for cleaning hard surfaces such as uncarpeted floors or counter tops.

Wet mopping system means a device with the following characteristics: A long handle, a mop 

head designed to be used with disposable absorbent cleaning pads, a reservoir for cleaning 

solution, and a built-in mechanism for distributing or spraying the cleaning solution onto a floor, 

or a method of equivalent efficacy.

Work area means the area that the certified renovator establishes to contain the dust and debris 

generated by a renovation.

[63 FR 29919, June 1, 1998, as amended at 73 FR 21758, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.84 Information distribution requirements.

(a) Renovations in dwelling units . No more than 60 days before beginning renovation activities 

in any residential dwelling unit of target housing, the firm performing the renovation must:

(1) Provide the owner of the unit with the pamphlet, and comply with one of the following:
40 CFR 745 – Lead 11

(i) Obtain, from the owner, a written acknowledgment that the owner has received the pamphlet.

(ii) Obtain a certificate of mailing at least 7 days prior to the renovation.

(2) In addition to the requirements in paragraph (a)(1) of this section, if the owner does not 

occupy the dwelling unit, provide an adult occupant of the unit with the pamphlet, and comply 

with one of the following:

(i) Obtain, from the adult occupant, a written acknowledgment that the occupant has received the 

pamphlet; or certify in writing that a pamphlet has been delivered to the dwelling and that the 

firm performing the renovation has been unsuccessful in obtaining a written acknowledgment 

from an adult occupant. Such certification must include the address of the unit undergoing 

renovation, the date and method of delivery of the pamphlet, names of the persons delivering the 

pamphlet, reason for lack of acknowledgment (e.g., occupant refuses to sign, no adult occupant 

available), the signature of a representative of the firm performing the renovation, and the date of 

signature.

(ii) Obtain a certificate of mailing at least 7 days prior to the renovation.

(b) Renovations in common areas . No more than 60 days before beginning renovation activities 

in common areas of multi-unit target housing, the firm performing the renovation must:

(1) Provide the owner with the pamphlet, and comply with one of the following:

(i) Obtain, from the owner, a written acknowledgment that the owner has received the pamphlet.

(ii) Obtain a certificate of mailing at least 7 days prior to the renovation.

(2) Comply with one of the following . (i) Notify in writing, or ensure written notification of, each 

affected unit and make the pamphlet available upon request prior to the start of renovation. Such 

notification shall be accomplished by distributing written notice to each affected unit. The notice 

shall describe the general nature and locations of the planned renovation activities; the expected 

starting and ending dates; and a statement of how the occupant can obtain the pamphlet, at no 

charge, from the firm performing the renovation, or

(ii) While the renovation is ongoing, post informational signs describing the general nature and 

locations of the renovation and the anticipated completion date. These signs must be posted in 

areas where they are likely to be seen by the occupants of all of the affected units. The signs 

must be accompanied by a posted copy of the pamphlet or information on how interested 

occupants can review a copy of the pamphlet or obtain a copy from the renovation firm at no cost 

to occupants.

(3) Prepare, sign, and date a statement describing the steps performed to notify all occupants of 

the intended renovation activities and to provide the pamphlet.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 12

(4) If the scope, locations, or expected starting and ending dates of the planned renovation 

activities change after the initial notification, and the firm provided written initial notification to 

each affected unit, the firm performing the renovation must provide further written notification to 

the owners and occupants providing revised information on the ongoing or planned activities. 

This subsequent notification must be provided before the firm performing the renovation initiates 

work beyond that which was described in the original notice.

(c) Renovations in child-occupied facilities . No more than 60 days before beginning renovation 

activities in any child-occupied facility, the firm performing the renovation must:

(1)(i) Provide the owner of the building with the pamphlet, and comply with one of the 

following:

(A) Obtain, from the owner, a written acknowledgment that the owner has received the 

pamphlet.

(B) Obtain a certificate of mailing at least 7 days prior to the renovation.

(ii) If the child-occupied facility is not the owner of the building, provide an adult representative 

of the child-occupied facility with the pamphlet, and comply with one of the following:

(A) Obtain, from the adult representative, a written acknowledgment that the adult representative 

has received the pamphlet; or certify in writing that a pamphlet has been delivered to the facility 

and that the firm performing the renovation has been unsuccessful in obtaining a written 

acknowledgment from an adult representative. Such certification must include the address of the 

child-occupied facility undergoing renovation, the date and method of delivery of the pamphlet, 

names of the persons delivering the pamphlet, reason for lack of acknowledgment (e.g., 

representative refuses to sign), the signature of a representative of the firm performing the 

renovation, and the date of signature.

(B) Obtain a certificate of mailing at least 7 days prior to the renovation.

(2) Provide the parents and guardians of children using the child-occupied facility with the 

pamphlet and information describing the general nature and locations of the renovation and the 

anticipated completion date by complying with one of the following:

(i) Mail or hand-deliver the pamphlet and the renovation information to each parent or guardian 

of a child using the child-occupied facility.

(ii) While the renovation is ongoing, post informational signs describing the general nature and 

locations of the renovation and the anticipated completion date. These signs must be posted in 

areas where they can be seen by the parents or guardians of the children frequenting the childoccupied facility. The signs must be accompanied by a posted copy of the pamphlet or 

information on how interested parents or guardians can review a copy of the pamphlet or obtain a 

copy from the renovation firm at no cost to the parents or guardians.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 13

(3) The renovation firm must prepare, sign, and date a statement describing the steps performed 

to notify all parents and guardians of the intended renovation activities and to provide the 

pamphlet.

(d) Written acknowledgment . The written acknowledgments required by paragraphs (a)(1)(i), 

(a)(2)(i), (b)(1)(i), (c)(1)(i)(A), and (c)(1)(ii)(A) of this section must:

(1) Include a statement recording the owner or occupant's name and acknowledging receipt of the 

pamphlet prior to the start of renovation, the address of the unit undergoing renovation, the 

signature of the owner or occupant as applicable, and the date of signature.

(2) Be either a separate sheet or part of any written contract or service agreement for the 

renovation.

(3) Be written in the same language as the text of the contract or agreement for the renovation or, 

in the case of non-owner occupied target housing, in the same language as the lease or rental 

agreement or the pamphlet.

[63 FR 29919, June 1, 1998. Redesignated and amended at 73 FR 21760, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.85 Work practice standards.

(a) Standards for renovation activities . Renovations must be performed by certified firms using 

certified renovators as directed in §745.89. The responsibilities of certified firms are set forth in 

§745.89(d) and the responsibilities of certified renovators are set forth in §745.90(b).

(1) Occupant protection . Firms must post signs clearly defining the work area and warning 

occupants and other persons not involved in renovation activities to remain outside of the work 

area. To the extent practicable, these signs must be in the primary language of the occupants. 

These signs must be posted before beginning the renovation and must remain in place and 

readable until the renovation and the post-renovation cleaning verification have been completed. 

If warning signs have been posted in accordance with 24 CFR 35.1345(b)(2) or 29 CFR 

1926.62(m), additional signs are not required by this section.

(2) Containing the work area . Before beginning the renovation, the firm must isolate the work 

area so that no dust or debris leaves the work area while the renovation is being performed. In 

addition, the firm must maintain the integrity of the containment by ensuring that any plastic or 

other impermeable materials are not torn or displaced, and taking any other steps necessary to 

ensure that no dust or debris leaves the work area while the renovation is being performed. The 

firm must also ensure that containment is installed in such a manner that it does not interfere 

with occupant and worker egress in an emergency.

(i) Interior renovations . The firm must:
40 CFR 745 – Lead 14

(A) Remove all objects from the work area, including furniture, rugs, and window coverings, or 

cover them with plastic sheeting or other impermeable material with all seams and edges taped 

or otherwise sealed.

(B) Close and cover all ducts opening in the work area with taped-down plastic sheeting or other 

impermeable material.

(C) Close windows and doors in the work area. Doors must be covered with plastic sheeting or 

other impermeable material. Doors used as an entrance to the work area must be covered with 

plastic sheeting or other impermeable material in a manner that allows workers to pass through 

while confining dust and debris to the work area.

(D) Cover the floor surface, including installed carpet, with taped-down plastic sheeting or other 

impermeable material in the work area 6 feet beyond the perimeter of surfaces undergoing 

renovation or a sufficient distance to contain the dust, whichever is greater.

(E) Use precautions to ensure that all personnel, tools, and other items, including the exteriors of 

containers of waste, are free of dust and debris before leaving the work area.

(ii) Exterior renovations . The firm must:

(A) Close all doors and windows within 20 feet of the renovation. On multi-story buildings, 

close all doors and windows within 20 feet of the renovation on the same floor as the renovation, 

and close all doors and windows on all floors below that are the same horizontal distance from 

the renovation.

(B) Ensure that doors within the work area that will be used while the job is being performed are 

covered with plastic sheeting or other impermeable material in a manner that allows workers to 

pass through while confining dust and debris to the work area.

(C) Cover the ground with plastic sheeting or other disposable impermeable material extending 

10 feet beyond the perimeter of surfaces undergoing renovation or a sufficient distance to collect 

falling paint debris, whichever is greater, unless the property line prevents 10 feet of such ground 

covering.

(D) In certain situations, the renovation firm must take extra precautions in containing the work 

area to ensure that dust and debris from the renovation does not contaminate other buildings or 

other areas of the property or migrate to adjacent properties.

(3) Prohibited and restricted practices. The work practices listed below shall be prohibited or 

restricted during a renovation as follows:

(i) Open-flame burning or torching of lead-based paint is prohibited.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 15

(ii) The use of machines that remove lead-based paint through high speed operation such as 

sanding, grinding, power planing, needle gun, abrasive blasting, or sandblasting, is prohibited

unless such machines are used with HEPA exhaust control.

(iii) Operating a heat gun on lead-based paint is permitted only at temperatures below 1100 

degrees Fahrenheit.

(4) Waste from renovations —(i) Waste from renovation activities must be contained to prevent 

releases of dust and debris before the waste is removed from the work area for storage or 

disposal. If a chute is used to remove waste from the work area, it must be covered.

(ii) At the conclusion of each work day and at the conclusion of the renovation, waste that has 

been collected from renovation activities must be stored under containment, in an enclosure, or 

behind a barrier that prevents release of dust and debris out of the work area and prevents access 

to dust and debris.

(iii) When the firm transports waste from renovation activities, the firm must contain the waste to 

prevent release of dust and debris.

(5) Cleaning the work area . After the renovation has been completed, the firm must clean the 

work area until no dust, debris or residue remains.

(i) Interior and exterior renovations . The firm must:

(A) Collect all paint chips and debris and, without dispersing any of it, seal this material in a 

heavy-duty bag.

(B) Remove the protective sheeting. Mist the sheeting before folding it, fold the dirty side 

inward, and either tape shut to seal or seal in heavy-duty bags. Sheeting used to isolate 

contaminated rooms from non-contaminated rooms must remain in place until after the cleaning 

and removal of other sheeting. Dispose of the sheeting as waste.

(ii) Additional cleaning for interior renovations . The firm must clean all objects and surfaces in 

the work area and within 2 feet of the work area in the following manner, cleaning from higher 

to lower:

(A) Walls . Clean walls starting at the ceiling and working down to the floor by either vacuuming 

with a HEPA vacuum or wiping with a damp cloth.

(B) Remaining surfaces . Thoroughly vacuum all remaining surfaces and objects in the work 

area, including furniture and fixtures, with a HEPA vacuum. The HEPA vacuum must be 

equipped with a beater bar when vacuuming carpets and rugs.

(C) Wipe all remaining surfaces and objects in the work area, except for carpeted or upholstered 

surfaces, with a damp cloth. Mop uncarpeted floors thoroughly, using a mopping method that 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 16

keeps the wash water separate from the rinse water, such as the 2-bucket mopping method, or 

using a wet mopping system.

(b) Standards for post-renovation cleaning verification —(1) Interiors . (i) A certified renovator 

must perform a visual inspection to determine whether dust, debris or residue is still present. If 

dust, debris or residue is present, these conditions must be removed by re-cleaning and another 

visual inspection must be performed.

(ii) After a successful visual inspection, a certified renovator must:

(A) Verify that each windowsill in the work area has been adequately cleaned, using the 

following procedure.

( 1 ) Wipe the windowsill with a wet disposable cleaning cloth that is damp to the touch. If the 

cloth matches or is lighter than the cleaning verification card, the windowsill has been 

adequately cleaned.

( 2 ) If the cloth does not match and is darker than the cleaning verification card, re-clean the 

windowsill as directed in paragraphs (a)(5)(ii)(B) and (a)(5)(ii)(C) of this section, then either use 

a new cloth or fold the used cloth in such a way that an unused surface is exposed, and wipe the 

surface again. If the cloth matches or is lighter than the cleaning verification card, that 

windowsill has been adequately cleaned.

( 3 ) If the cloth does not match and is darker than the cleaning verification card, wait for 1 hour 

or until the surface has dried completely, whichever is longer.

( 4 )After waiting for the windowsill to dry, wipe the windowsill with a dry disposable cleaning 

cloth. After this wipe, the windowsill has been adequately cleaned.

(B) Wipe uncarpeted floors and countertops within the work area with a wet disposable cleaning 

cloth. Floors must be wiped using an application device with a long handle and a head to which 

the cloth is attached. The cloth must remain damp at all times while it is being used to wipe the 

surface for post-renovation cleaning verification. If the surface within the work area is greater 

than 40 square feet, the surface within the work area must be divided into roughly equal sections 

that are each less than 40 square feet. Wipe each such section separately with a new wet 

disposable cleaning cloth. If the cloth used to wipe each section of the surface within the work 

area matches the cleaning verification card, the surface has been adequately cleaned.

( 1 ) If the cloth used to wipe a particular surface section does not match the cleaning verification 

card, re-clean that section of the surface as directed in paragraphs (a)(5)(ii)(B) and (a)(5)(ii)(C) 

of this section, then use a new wet disposable cleaning cloth to wipe that section again. If the 

cloth matches the cleaning verification card, that section of the surface has been adequately 

cleaned.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 17

( 2 ) If the cloth used to wipe a particular surface section does not match the cleaning verification 

card after the surface has been re-cleaned, wait for 1 hour or until the entire surface within the 

work area has dried completely, whichever is longer.

( 3 ) After waiting for the entire surface within the work area to dry, wipe each section of the 

surface that has not yet achieved post-renovation cleaning verification with a dry disposable 

cleaning cloth. After this wipe, that section of the surface has been adequately cleaned.

(iii) When the work area passes the post-renovation cleaning verification, remove the warning 

signs.

(2) Exteriors . A certified renovator must perform a visual inspection to determine whether dust, 

debris or residue is still present on surfaces in and below the work area, including windowsills 

and the ground. If dust, debris or residue is present, these conditions must be eliminated and 

another visual inspection must be performed. When the area passes the visual inspection, remove 

the warning signs.

(c) Optional dust clearance testing . Cleaning verification need not be performed if the contract 

between the renovation firm and the person contracting for the renovation or another Federal, 

State, Territorial, Tribal, or local law or regulation requires:

(1) The renovation firm to perform dust clearance sampling at the conclusion of a renovation 

covered by this subpart.

(2) The dust clearance samples are required to be collected by a certified inspector, risk assessor 

or dust sampling technician.

(3) The renovation firm is required to re-clean the work area until the dust clearance sample 

results are below the clearance standards in §745.227(e)(8) or any applicable State, Territorial, 

Tribal, or local standard.

(d) Activities conducted after post-renovation cleaning verification . Activities that do not disturb 

paint, such as applying paint to walls that have already been prepared, are not regulated by this 

subpart if they are conducted after post-renovation cleaning verification has been performed.

[73 FR 21761, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.86 Recordkeeping and reporting requirements.

(a) Firms performing renovations must retain and, if requested, make available to EPA all 

records necessary to demonstrate compliance with this subpart for a period of 3 years following 

completion of the renovation. This 3–year retention requirement does not supersede longer 

obligations required by other provisions for retaining the same documentation, including any 

applicable State or Tribal laws or regulations.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 18

(b) Records that must be retained pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section shall include (where 

applicable):

(1) Reports certifying that a determination had been made by an inspector (certified pursuant to 

either Federal regulations at §745.226 or an EPA-authorized State or Tribal certification 

program) that lead-based paint is not present on the components affected by the renovation, as 

described in §745.82(b)(1).

(2) Signed and dated acknowledgments of receipt as described in §745.84(a)(1)(i), (a)(2)(i), 

(b)(1)(i), (c)(1)(i)(A), and (c)(1)(ii)(A).

(3) Certifications of attempted delivery as described in §745.84(a)(2)(i) and (c)(1)(ii)(A).

(4) Certificates of mailing as described in §745.84(a)(1)(ii), (a)(2)(ii), (b)(1)(ii), (c)(1)(i)(B), and 

(c)(1)(ii)(B).

(5) Records of notification activities performed regarding common area renovations, as described 

in §745.84(b)(3) and (b)(4), and renovations in child-occupied facilities, as described in 

§745.84(c)(2).

(6) Any signed and dated statements received from owner-occupants documenting that the 

requirements of §745.85 do not apply. These statements must include a declaration that the 

renovation will occur in the owner's residence, a declaration that no children under age 6 reside 

there, a declaration that no pregnant woman resides there, a declaration that the housing is not a 

child-occupied facility, the address of the unit undergoing renovation, the owner's name, an 

acknowledgment by the owner that the work practices to be used during the renovation will not 

necessarily include all of the lead-safe work practices contained in EPA's renovation, repair, and 

painting rule, the signature of the owner, and the date of signature. These statements must be 

written in the same language as the text of the renovation contract, if any.

(7) Documentation of compliance with the requirements of §745.85, including documentation 

that a certified renovator was assigned to the project, that the certified renovator provided on-thejob training for workers used on the project, that the certified renovator performed or directed 

workers who performed all of the tasks described in §745.85(a), and that the certified renovator 

performed the post-renovation cleaning verification described in §745.85(b). If the renovation 

firm was unable to comply with all of the requirements of this rule due to an emergency as 

defined in §745.82, the firm must document the nature of the emergency and the provisions of 

the rule that were not followed. This documentation must include a copy of the certified 

renovator's training certificate, and a certification by the certified renovator assigned to the 

project that:

(i) Training was provided to workers (topics must be identified for each worker).

(ii) Warning signs were posted at the entrances to the work area.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 19

(iii) If test kits were used, that the specified brand of kits was used at the specified locations and 

that the results were as specified.

(iv) The work area was contained by:

(A) Removing or covering all objects in the work area (interiors).

(B) Closing and covering all HVAC ducts in the work area (interiors).

(C) Closing all windows in the work area (interiors) or closing all windows in and within 20 feet 

of the work area (exteriors).

(D) Closing and sealing all doors in the work area (interiors) or closing and sealing all doors in 

and within 20 feet of the work area (exteriors).

(E) Covering doors in the work area that were being used to allow passage but prevent spread of 

dust.

(F) Covering the floor surface, including installed carpet, with taped-down plastic sheeting or 

other impermeable material in the work area 6 feet beyond the perimeter of surfaces undergoing 

renovation or a sufficient distance to contain the dust, whichever is greater (interiors) or covering 

the ground with plastic sheeting or other disposable impermeable material anchored to the 

building extending 10 feet beyond the perimeter of surfaces undergoing renovation or a 

sufficient distance to collect falling paint debris, whichever is greater, unless the property line 

prevents 10 feet of such ground covering, weighted down by heavy objects (exteriors).

(G) Installing (if necessary) vertical containment to prevent migration of dust and debris to 

adjacent property (exteriors).

(v) Waste was contained on-site and while being transported off-site.

(vi) The work area was properly cleaned after the renovation by:

(A) Picking up all chips and debris, misting protective sheeting, folding it dirty side inward, and 

taping it for removal.

(B) Cleaning the work area surfaces and objects using a HEPA vacuum and/or wet cloths or 

mops (interiors).

(vii) The certified renovator performed the post-renovation cleaning verification (the results of 

which must be briefly described, including the number of wet and dry cloths used).

(c) When test kits are used, the renovation firm must, within 30 days of the completion of the 

renovation, provide identifying information as to the manufacturer and model of the test kits 

used, a description of the components that were tested including their locations, and the test kit 

results to the person who contracted for the renovation.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 20

(d) If dust clearance sampling is performed in lieu of cleaning verification as permitted by 

§745.85(c), the renovation firm must provide, within 30 days of the completion of the 

renovation, a copy of the dust sampling report to the person who contracted for the renovation.

[73 FR 21761, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.87 Enforcement and inspections.

(a) Failure or refusal to comply with any provision of this subpart is a violation of TSCA section 

409 (15 U.S.C. 2689).

(b) Failure or refusal to establish and maintain records or to make available or permit access to or 

copying of records, as required by this subpart, is a violation of TSCA sections 15 and 409 (15 

U.S.C. 2614 and 2689).

(c) Failure or refusal to permit entry or inspection as required by 40 CFR 745.87 and TSCA 

section 11 (15 U.S.C. 2610) is a violation of sections 15 and 409 (15 U.S.C. 2614 and 2689).

(d) Violators may be subject to civil and criminal sanctions pursuant to TSCA section 16 (15 

U.S.C. 2615) for each violation.

(e) Lead-based paint is assumed to be present at renovations covered by this subpart. EPA may 

conduct inspections and issue subpoenas pursuant to the provisions of TSCA section 11 (15 

U.S.C. 2610) to ensure compliance with this subpart.

[63 FR 29919, June 1, 1998, as amended at 73 FR 21763, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.88 Recognized test kits.

(a) Effective June 23, 2008, EPA recognizes the test kits that have been determined by National 

Institute of Standards and Technology research to meet the negative response criteria described 

in paragraph (c)(1) of this section. This recognition will last until EPA publicizes its recognition 

of the first test kit that meets both the negative response and positive response criteria in 

paragraph (c) of this section.

(b) No other test kits will be recognized until they are tested through EPA's Environmental 

Technology Verification Program or other equivalent EPA approved testing program.

(1) Effective September 1, 2008, to initiate the testing process, a test kit manufacturer must 

submit a sufficient number of kits, along with the instructions for using the kits, to EPA. The test 

kit manufacturer should first visit the following website for information on where to apply: 

http://www.epa.gov/etv/howtoapply.html .

(2) After the kit has been tested through the Environmental Technology Verification Program or 

other equivalent approved EPA testing program, EPA will review the report to determine 

whether the required criteria have been met.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 21

(3) Before September 1, 2010, test kits must meet only the negative response criteria in 

paragraph (c)(1) of this section. The recognition of kits that meet only this criteria will last until 

EPA publicizes its recognition of the first test kits that meets both of the criteria in paragraph (c) 

of this section.

(4) After September 1, 2010, test kits must meet both of the criteria in paragraph (c) of this 

section.

(5) If the report demonstrates that the kit meets the required criteria, EPA will issue a notice of 

recognition to the kit manufacturer, provide them with the report, and post the information on 

EPA's website.

(6) If the report demonstrates that the kit does not meet the required criteria, EPA will notify the 

kit manufacturer and provide them with the report.

(c) Response criteria —(1) Negative response criteria. For paint containing lead at or above the 

regulated level, 1.0 mg/cm2or 0.5% by weight, a demonstrated probability (with 95% 

confidence) of a negative response less than or equal to 5% of the time.

(2) Positive response criteria. For paint containing lead below the regulated level, 1.0 mg/cm2or 

0.5% by weight, a demonstrated probability (with 95% confidence) of a positive response less 

than or equal to 10% of the time.

[73 FR 21763, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.89 Firm certification.

(a) Initial certification . (1) Firms that perform renovations for compensation must apply to EPA 

for certification to perform renovations or dust sampling. To apply, a firm must submit to EPA a 

completed ―Application for Firms,‖ signed by an authorized agent of the firm, and pay at least 

the correct amount of fees. If a firm pays more than the correct amount of fees, EPA will 

reimburse the firm for the excess amount.

(2) After EPA receives a firm's application, EPA will take one of the following actions within 90 

days of the date the application is received:

(i) EPA will approve a firm's application if EPA determines that it is complete and that the 

environmental compliance history of the firm, its principals, or its key employees does not show 

an unwillingness or inability to maintain compliance with environmental statutes or regulations. 

An application is complete if it contains all of the information requested on the form and 

includes at least the correct amount of fees. When EPA approves a firm's application, EPA will 

issue the firm a certificate with an expiration date not more than 5 years from the date the 

application is approved. EPA certification allows the firm to perform renovations covered by this 

section in any State or Indian Tribal area that does not have a renovation program that is 

authorized under subpart Q of this part.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 22

(ii) EPA will request a firm to supplement its application if EPA determines that the application 

is incomplete. If EPA requests a firm to supplement its application, the firm must submit the 

requested information or pay the additional fees within 30 days of the date of the request.

(iii) EPA will not approve a firm's application if the firm does not supplement its application in 

accordance with paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section or if EPA determines that the environmental 

compliance history of the firm, its principals, or its key employees demonstrates an 

unwillingness or inability to maintain compliance with environmental statutes or regulations. 

EPA will send the firm a letter giving the reason for not approving the application. EPA will not 

refund the application fees. A firm may reapply for certification at any time by filing a new, 

complete application that includes the correct amount of fees.

(b) Re-certification . To maintain its certification, a firm must be re-certified by EPA every 5 

years.

(1) Timely and complete application . To be re-certified, a firm must submit a complete 

application for re-certification. A complete application for re-certification includes a completed 

―Application for Firms‖ which contains all of the information requested by the form and is 

signed by an authorized agent of the firm, noting on the form that it is submitted as a recertification. A complete application must also include at least the correct amount of fees. If a 

firm pays more than the correct amount of fees, EPA will reimburse the firm for the excess 

amount.

(i) An application for re-certification is timely if it is postmarked 90 days or more before the date 

the firm's current certification expires. If the firm's application is complete and timely, the firm's 

current certification will remain in effect until its expiration date or until EPA has made a final 

decision to approve or disapprove the re-certification application, whichever is later.

(ii) If the firm submits a complete re-certification application less than 90 days before its current 

certification expires, and EPA does not approve the application before the expiration date, the 

firm's current certification will expire and the firm will not be able to conduct renovations until 

EPA approves its re-certification application.

(iii) If the firm fails to obtain recertification before the firm's current certification expires, the 

firm must not perform renovations or dust sampling until it is certified anew pursuant to 

paragraph (a) of this section.

(2) EPA action on an application . After EPA receives a firm's application for re-certification, 

EPA will review the application and take one of the following actions within 90 days of receipt:

(i) EPA will approve a firm's application if EPA determines that it is timely and complete and 

that the environmental compliance history of the firm, its principals, or its key employees does 

not show an unwillingness or inability to maintain compliance with environmental statutes or 

regulations. When EPA approves a firm's application for re-certification, EPA will issue the firm 

a new certificate with an expiration date 5 years from the date that the firm's current certification 

expires. EPA certification allows the firm to perform renovations or dust sampling covered by 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 23

this section in any State or Indian Tribal area that does not have a renovation program that is 

authorized under subpart Q of this part.

(ii) EPA will request a firm to supplement its application if EPA determines that the application 

is incomplete.

(iii) EPA will not approve a firm's application if it is not received or is not complete as of the 

date that the firm's current certification expires, or if EPA determines that the environmental 

compliance history of the firm, its principals, or its key employees demonstrates an 

unwillingness or inability to maintain compliance with environmental statutes or regulations. 

EPA will send the firm a letter giving the reason for not approving the application. EPA will not 

refund the application fees. A firm may reapply for certification at any time by filing a new 

application and paying the correct amount of fees.

(c) Amendment of certification . A firm must amend its certification within 90 days of the date a 

change occurs to information included in the firm's most recent application. If the firm fails to 

amend its certification within 90 days of the date the change occurs, the firm may not perform 

renovations or dust sampling until its certification is amended.

(1) To amend a certification, a firm must submit a completed ―Application for Firms,‖ signed by 

an authorized agent of the firm, noting on the form that it is submitted as an amendment and 

indicating the information that has changed. The firm must also pay at least the correct amount 

of fees.

(2) If additional information is needed to process the amendment, or the firm did not pay the 

correct amount of fees, EPA will request the firm to submit the necessary information or fees. 

The firm's certification is not amended until the firm complies with the request.

(3) Amending a certification does not affect the certification expiration date.

(d) Firm responsibilities . Firms performing renovations must ensure that:

(1) All individuals performing renovation activities on behalf of the firm are either certified 

renovators or have been trained by a certified renovator in accordance with § 745.90.

(2) A certified renovator is assigned to each renovation performed by the firm and discharges all 

of the certified renovator responsibilities identified in §745.90.

(3) All renovations performed by the firm are performed in accordance with the work practice 

standards in § 745.85.

(4) The pre-renovation education requirements of § 745.84 have been performed.

(5) The recordkeeping requirements of §745.86 are met.

[73 FR 21764, Apr. 22, 2008]
40 CFR 745 – Lead 24

§ 745.90 Renovator certification and dust sampling technician certification.

(a) Renovator certification and dust sampling technician certification . (1) To become a certified 

renovator or certified dust sampling technician, an individual must successfully complete the 

appropriate course accredited by EPA under § 745.225 or by a State or Tribal program that is 

authorized under subpart Q of this part. The course completion certificate serves as proof of 

certification. EPA renovator certification allows the certified individual to perform renovations 

covered by this section in any State or Indian Tribal area that does not have a renovation 

program that is authorized under subpart Q of this part. EPA dust sampling technician 

certification allows the certified individual to perform dust clearance sampling under § 745.85(c) 

in any State or Indian Tribal area that does not have a renovation program that is authorized 

under subpart Q of this part.

(2) Individuals who have successfully completed an accredited abatement worker or supervisor 

course, or individuals who have successfully completed an EPA, HUD, or EPA/HUD model 

renovation training course may take an accredited refresher renovator training course in lieu of 

the initial renovator training course to become a certified renovator.

(3) Individuals who have successfully completed an accredited lead-based paint inspector or risk 

assessor course may take an accredited refresher dust sampling technician course in lieu of the 

initial training to become a certified dust sampling technician.

(4) To maintain renovator certification or dust sampling technician certification, an individual 

must complete a renovator or dust sampling technician refresher course accredited by EPA under 

§745.225 or by a State or Tribal program that is authorized under subpart Q of this part within 5 

years of the date the individual completed the initial course described in paragraph (a)(1) of this 

section. If the individual does not complete a refresher course within this time, the individual 

must re-take the initial course to become certified again.

(b) Renovator responsibilities . Certified renovators are responsible for ensuring compliance with 

§745.85 at all renovations to which they are assigned. A certified renovator:

(1) Must perform all of the tasks described in §745.85(b) and must either perform or direct 

workers who perform all of the tasks described in §745.85(a).

(2) Must provide training to workers on the work practices they will be using in performing their 

assigned tasks.

(3) Must be physically present at the work site when the signs required by §745.85(a)(1) are 

posted, while the work area containment required by §745.85(a)(2) is being established, and 

while the work area cleaning required by §745.85(a)(5) is performed.

(4) Must regularly direct work being performed by other individuals to ensure that the work 

practices are being followed, including maintaining the integrity of the containment barriers and 

ensuring that dust or debris does not spread beyond the work area.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 25

(5) Must be available, either on-site or by telephone, at all times that renovations are being 

conducted.

(6) When requested by the party contracting for renovation services, must use an acceptable test 

kit to determine whether components to be affected by the renovation contain lead-based paint.

(7) Must have with them at the work site copies of their initial course completion certificate and 

their most recent refresher course completion certificate.

(8) Must prepare the records required by §745.86(b)(7).

(c) Dust sampling technician responsibilities . When performing optional dust clearance 

sampling under §745.85(c), a certified dust sampling technician:

(1) Must collect dust samples in accordance with §745.227(e)(8), must send the collected 

samples to a laboratory recognized by EPA under TSCA section 405(b), and must compare the 

results to the clearance levels in accordance with §745.227(e)(8).

(2) Must have with them at the work site copies of their initial course completion certificate and 

their most recent refresher course completion certificate.

[73 FR 21765, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.91 Suspending, revoking, or modifying an individual's or firm's certification.

(a)(1) Grounds for suspending, revoking, or modifying an individual's certification . EPA may 

suspend, revoke, or modify an individual's certification if the individual fails to comply with 

Federal lead-based paint statutes or regulations. EPA may also suspend, revoke, or modify a 

certified renovator's certification if the renovator fails to ensure that all assigned renovations 

comply with § 745.85. In addition to an administrative or judicial finding of violation, execution 

of a consent agreement in settlement of an enforcement action constitutes, for purposes of this 

section, evidence of a failure to comply with relevant statutes or regulations.

(2) Grounds for suspending, revoking, or modifying a firm's certification . EPA may suspend, 

revoke, or modify a firm's certification if the firm:

(i) Submits false or misleading information to EPA in its application for certification or recertification.

(ii) Fails to maintain or falsifies records required in §745.86.

(iii) Fails to comply, or an individual performing a renovation on behalf of the firm fails to 

comply, with Federal lead-based paint statutes or regulations. In addition to an administrative or 

judicial finding of violation, execution of a consent agreement in settlement of an enforcement 

action constitutes, for purposes of this section, evidence of a failure to comply with relevant 

statutes or regulations.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 26

(b) Process for suspending, revoking, or modifying certification . (1) Prior to taking action to 

suspend, revoke, or modify an individual's or firm's certification, EPA will notify the affected 

entity in writing of the following:

(i) The legal and factual basis for the proposed suspension, revocation, or modification.

(ii) The anticipated commencement date and duration of the suspension, revocation, or 

modification.

(iii) Actions, if any, which the affected entity may take to avoid suspension, revocation, or 

modification, or to receive certification in the future.

(iv) The opportunity and method for requesting a hearing prior to final suspension, revocation, or 

modification.

(2) If an individual or firm requests a hearing, EPA will:

(i) Provide the affected entity an opportunity to offer written statements in response to EPA's 

assertions of the legal and factual basis for its proposed action.

(ii) Appoint an impartial official of EPA as Presiding Officer to conduct the hearing.

(3) The Presiding Officer will:

(i) Conduct a fair, orderly, and impartial hearing within 90 days of the request for a hearing.

(ii) Consider all relevant evidence, explanation, comment, and argument submitted.

(iii) Notify the affected entity in writing within 90 days of completion of the hearing of his or her 

decision and order. Such an order is a final agency action which may be subject to judicial 

review. The order must contain the commencement date and duration of the suspension, 

revocation, or modification.

(4) If EPA determines that the public health, interest, or welfare warrants immediate action to 

suspend the certification of any individual or firm prior to the opportunity for a hearing, it will:

(i) Notify the affected entity in accordance with paragraph (b)(1)(i) through (b)(1)(iii) of this 

section, explaining why it is necessary to suspend the entity's certification before an opportunity 

for a hearing.

(ii) Notify the affected entity of its right to request a hearing on the immediate suspension within

15 days of the suspension taking place and the procedures for the conduct of such a hearing.

(5) Any notice, decision, or order issued by EPA under this section, any transcript or other 

verbatim record of oral testimony, and any documents filed by a certified individual or firm in a 

hearing under this section will be available to the public, except as otherwise provided by section 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 27

14 of TSCA or by part 2 of this title. Any such hearing at which oral testimony is presented will 

be open to the public, except that the Presiding Officer may exclude the public to the extent 

necessary to allow presentation of information which may be entitled to confidential treatment 

under section 14 of TSCA or part 2 of this title.

(6) EPA will maintain a publicly available list of entities whose certification has been suspended, 

revoked, modified, or reinstated.

(7) Unless the decision and order issued under paragraph (b)(3)(iii) of this section specify 

otherwise:

(i) An individual whose certification has been suspended must take a refresher training course 

(renovator or dust sampling technician) in order to make his or her certification current.

(ii) An individual whose certification has been revoked must take an initial renovator or dust 

sampling technician course in order to become certified again.

(iii) A firm whose certification has been revoked must reapply for certification after the 

revocation ends in order to become certified again. If the firm's certification has been suspended 

and the suspension ends less than 5 years after the firm was initially certified or re-certified, the 

firm does not need to do anything to re-activate its certification.

[73 FR 21765, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.92 Fees for the accreditation of renovation and dust sampling technician training and the certification 

of renovation firms.

(a) Persons who must pay fees . Fees in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section must be 

paid by:

(1) Training programs —(i) Non-exempt training programs . All non-exempt training programs 

applying to EPA for the accreditation and re-accreditation of training programs in one or more of 

the following disciplines: Renovator, dust sampling technician.

(ii) Exemption . No fee shall be imposed on any training program operated by a State, federally 

recognized Indian Tribe, local government, or non-profit organization. This exemption does not 

apply to the certification of firms or individuals.

(2) Firms . All firms applying to EPA for certification and re-certification to conduct 

renovations.

(b) Fee amounts —(1) Certification and accreditation fees . Initial and renewal certification and 

accreditation fees are specified in the following table:

Training Program Accreditation

Re-accreditation (every 4 years, see 

40 CFR 745.225(f)(1) for details)
40 CFR 745 – Lead 28

Initial Renovator or Dust Sampling 

Technician Course

$560 $340

Refresher Renovator or Dust Sampling 

Technician Course

$400 $310

Renovation Firm Certification Re-certification (every 5 years see 40 

CFR 745.89(b))

Firm $300 $300

Combined Renovation and Lead-based 

Paint Activities Firm Application

$550 $550

Combined Renovation and Lead-based 

Paint Activities Tribal Firm Application

$20 $20

Tribal Firm $20 $20

(2) Lost certificate . A $15 fee will be charged for the replacement of a firm certificate.

(c) Certificate replacement . Firms seeking certificate replacement must:

(1) Complete the applicable portions of the ―Application for Firms‖ in accordance with the 

instructions provided.

(2) Submit the application and a payment of $15 in accordance with the instructions provided 

with the application package.

(d) Failure to remit fees . (1) EPA will not provide certification, re-certification, accreditation, or 

re-accreditation for any firm or training program that does not remit fees described in paragraph 

(b) of this section in accordance with the procedures specified in 40 CFR 745.89.

(2) EPA will not replace a certificate for any firm that does not remit the $15 fee in accordance 

with the procedures specified in paragraph (c) of this section.

[74 FR 11869, Mar. 20, 2009]

Subpart F—Disclosure of Known Lead-Based Paint and/or Lead-Based Paint Hazards Upon Sale or Lease of 

Residential Property

§ 745.100 Purpose.

This subpart implements the provisions of 42 U.S.C. 4852d, which impose certain requirements 

on the sale or lease of target housing. Under this subpart, a seller or lessor of target housing shall 

disclose to the purchaser or lessee the presence of any known lead-based paint and/or lead-based 

paint hazards; provide available records and reports; provide the purchaser or lessee with a lead 

hazard information pamphlet; give purchasers a 10-day opportunity to conduct a risk assessment 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 29

or inspection; and attach specific disclosure and warning language to the sales or leasing contract 

before the purchaser or lessee is obligated under a contract to purchase or lease target housing.

§ 745.101 Scope and applicability.

This subpart applies to all transactions to sell or lease target housing, including subleases, with 

the exception of the following:

(a) Sales of target housing at foreclosure.

(b) Leases of target housing that have been found to be lead-based paint free by an inspector 

certified under the Federal certification program or under a federally accredited State or tribal 

certification program. Until a Federal certification program or federally accredited State 

certification program is in place within the State, inspectors shall be considered qualified to 

conduct an inspection for this purpose if they have received certification under any existing State 

or tribal inspector certification program. The lessor has the option of using the results of 

additional test(s) by a certified inspector to confirm or refute a prior finding.

(c) Short-term leases of 100 days or less, where no lease renewal or extension can occur.

(d) Renewals of existing leases in target housing in which the lessor has previously disclosed all 

information required under §745.107 and where no new information described in §745.107 has 

come into the possession of the lessor. For the purposes of this paragraph, renewal shall include 

both renegotiation of existing lease terms and/or ratification of a new lease.

§ 745.102 Effective dates.

The requirements in this subpart take effect in the following manner:

(a) For owners of more than four residential dwellings, the requirements shall take effect on 

September 6, 1996.

(b) For owners of one to four residential dwellings, the requirements shall take effect on 

December 6, 1996.

§ 745.103 Definitions.

The following definitions apply to this subpart.

The Act means the Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act of 1992, 42 U.S.C. 

4852d.

Agent means any party who enters into a contract with a seller or lessor, including any party who 

enters into a contract with a representative of the seller or lessor, for the purpose of selling or 

leasing target housing. This term does not apply to purchasers or any purchaser's representative 

who receives all compensation from the purchaser.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 30

Available means in the possession of or reasonably obtainable by the seller or lessor at the time 

of the disclosure.

Common area means a portion of a building generally accessible to all residents/users including, 

but not limited to, hallways, stairways, laundry and recreational rooms, playgrounds, community 

centers, and boundary fences.

Contract for the purchase and sale of residential real property means any contract or agreement 

in which one party agrees to purchase an interest in real property on which there is situated one 

or more residential dwellings used or occupied, or intended to be used or occupied, in whole or 

in part, as the home or residence of one or more persons.

EPA means the Environmental Protection Agency.

Evaluation means a risk assessment and/or inspection.

Foreclosure means any of the various methods, statutory or otherwise, known in different 

jurisdictions, of enforcing payment of a debt, by the taking and selling of real property.

Housing for the elderly means retirement communities or similar types of housing reserved for 

households composed of one or more persons 62 years of age or more at the time of initial 

occupancy.

HUD means the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.

Inspection means:

(1) A surface-by-surface investigation to determine the presence of lead-based paint as provided 

in section 302(c) of the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning and Prevention Act [42 U.S.C. 4822], and

(2) The provision of a report explaining the results of the investigation.

Lead-based paint means paint or other surface coatings that contain lead equal to or in excess of 

1.0 milligram per square centimeter or 0.5 percent by weight.

Lead-based paint free housing means target housing that has been found to be free of paint or 

other surface coatings that contain lead equal to or in excess of 1.0 milligram per square 

centimeter or 0.5 percent by weight.

Lead-based paint hazard means any condition that causes exposure to lead from leadcontaminated dust, lead-contaminated soil, or lead-contaminated paint that is deteriorated or 

present in accessible surfaces, friction surfaces, or impact surfaces that would result in adverse 

human health effects as established by the appropriate Federal agency.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 31

Lessee means any entity that enters into an agreement to lease, rent, or sublease target housing, 

including but not limited to individuals, partnerships, corporations, trusts, government agencies, 

housing agencies, Indian tribes, and nonprofit organizations.

Lessor means any entity that offers target housing for lease, rent, or sublease, including but not 

limited to individuals, partnerships, corporations, trusts, government agencies, housing agencies, 

Indian tribes, and nonprofit organizations.

Owner means any entity that has legal title to target housing, including but not limited to 

individuals, partnerships, corporations, trusts, government agencies, housing agencies, Indian 

tribes, and nonprofit organizations, except where a mortgagee holds legal title to property 

serving as collateral for a mortgage loan, in which case the owner would be the mortgagor.

Purchaser means an entity that enters into an agreement to purchase an interest in target housing, 

including but not limited to individuals, partnerships, corporations, trusts, government agencies, 

housing agencies, Indian tribes, and nonprofit organizations.

Reduction means measures designed to reduce or eliminate human exposure to lead-based paint 

hazards through methods including interim controls and abatement.

Residential dwelling means:

(1) A single-family dwelling, including attached structures such as porches and stoops; or

(2) A single-family dwelling unit in a structure that contains more than one separate residential 

dwelling unit, and in which each such unit is used or occupied, or intended to be used or 

occupied, in whole or in part, as the residence of one or more persons.

Risk assessment means an on-site investigation to determine and report the existence, nature, 

severity, and location of lead-based paint hazards in residential dwellings, including:

(1) Information gathering regarding the age and history of the housing and occupancy by 

children under age 6;

(2) Visual inspection;

(3) Limited wipe sampling or other environmental sampling techniques;

(4) Other activity as may be appropriate; and

(5) Provision of a report explaining the results of the investigation.

Secretary means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.

Seller means any entity that transfers legal title to target housing, in whole or in part, in return for 

consideration, including but not limited to individuals, partnerships, corporations, trusts, 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 32

government agencies, housing agencies, Indian tribes, and nonprofit organizations. The term 

―seller‖ also includes:

(1) An entity that transfers shares in a cooperatively owned project, in return for consideration; 

and

(2) An entity that transfers its interest in a leasehold, in jurisdictions or circumstances where it is 

legally permissible to separate the fee title from the title to the improvement, in return for 

consideration.

Target housing means any housing constructed prior to 1978, except housing for the elderly or 

persons with disabilities (unless any child who is less than 6 years of age resides or is expected to 

reside in such housing) or any 0-bedroom dwelling.

TSCA means the Toxic Substances Control Act, 15 U.S.C. 2601.

0-bedroom dwelling means any residential dwelling in which the living area is not separated 

from the sleeping area. The term includes efficiencies, studio apartments, dormitory housing, 

military barracks, and rentals of individual rooms in residential dwellings.

§ 745.107 Disclosure requirements for sellers and lessors.

(a) The following activities shall be completed before the purchaser or lessee is obligated under 

any contract to purchase or lease target housing that is not otherwise an exempt transaction 

pursuant to §745.101. Nothing in this section implies a positive obligation on the seller or lessor 

to conduct any evaluation or reduction activities.

(1) The seller or lessor shall provide the purchaser or lessee with an EPA-approved lead hazard 

information pamphlet. Such pamphlets include the EPA document entitled Protect Your Family 

From Lead in Your Home (EPA #747-K-94-001) or an equivalent pamphlet that has been 

approved for use in that State by EPA.

(2) The seller or lessor shall disclose to the purchaser or lessee the presence of any known leadbased paint and/or lead-based paint hazards in the target housing being sold or leased. The seller 

or lessor shall also disclose any additional information available concerning the known leadbased paint and/or lead-based paint hazards, such as the basis for the determination that leadbased paint and/or lead-based paint hazards exist, the location of the lead-based paint and/or 

lead-based paint hazards, and the condition of the painted surfaces.

(3) The seller or lessor shall disclose to each agent the presence of any known lead-based paint 

and/or lead-based paint hazards in the target housing being sold or leased and the existence of 

any available records or reports pertaining to lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards. 

The seller or lessor shall also disclose any additional information available concerning the 

known lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards, such as the basis for the determination 

that lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards exist, the location of the lead-based paint 

and/or lead-based paint hazards, and the condition of the painted surfaces.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 33

(4) The seller or lessor shall provide the purchaser or lessee with any records or reports available 

to the seller or lessor pertaining to lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards in the target 

housing being sold or leased. This requirement includes records or reports regarding common 

areas. This requirement also includes records or reports regarding other residential dwellings in 

multifamily target housing, provided that such information is part of an evaluation or reduction 

of lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards in the target housing as a whole.

(b) If any of the disclosure activities identified in paragraph (a) of this section occurs after the 

purchaser or lessee has provided an offer to purchase or lease the housing, the seller or lessor 

shall complete the required disclosure activities prior to accepting the purchaser's or lessee's offer 

and allow the purchaser or lessee an opportunity to review the information and possibly amend 

the offer.

§ 745.110 Opportunity to conduct an evaluation.

(a) Before a purchaser is obligated under any contract to purchase target housing, the seller shall 

permit the purchaser a 10-day period (unless the parties mutually agree, in writing, upon a 

different period of time) to conduct a risk assessment or inspection for the presence of lead-based 

paint and/or lead-based paint hazards.

(b) Not withstanding paragraph (a) of this section, a purchaser may waive the opportunity to 

conduct the risk assessment or inspection by so indicating in writing.

§ 745.113 Certification and acknowledgment of disclosure.

(a) Seller requirements. Each contract to sell target housing shall include an attachment 

containing the following elements, in the language of the contract (e.g., English, Spanish):

(1) A Lead Warning Statement consisting of the following language:

Every purchaser of any interest in residential real property on which a residential dwelling was built prior to 1978 is 

notified that such property may present exposure to lead from lead-based paint that may place young children at risk 

of developing lead poisoning. Lead poisoning in young children may produce permanent neurological damage, 

including learning disabilities, reduced intelligence quotient, behavioral problems, and impaired memory. Lead 

poisoning also poses a particular risk to pregnant women. The seller of any interest in residential real property is 

required to provide the buyer with any information on lead-based paint hazards from risk assessments or inspections 

in the seller's possession and notify the buyer of any known lead-based paint hazards. A risk assessment or 

inspection for possible lead-based paint hazards is recommended prior to purchase.

(2) A statement by the seller disclosing the presence of known lead-based paint and/or leadbased paint hazards in the target housing being sold or indicating no knowledge of the presence 

of lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards. The seller shall also provide any additional 

information available concerning the known lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards, 

such as the basis for the determination that lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards 

exist, the location of the lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards, and the condition of 

the painted surfaces.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 34

(3) A list of any records or reports available to the seller pertaining to lead-based paint and/or 

lead-based paint hazards in the housing that have been provided to the purchaser. If no such 

records or reports are available, the seller shall so indicate.

(4) A statement by the purchaser affirming receipt of the information set out in paragraphs (a)(2) 

and (a)(3) of this section and the lead hazard information pamphlet required under 15 U.S.C. 

2696.

(5) A statement by the purchaser that he/she has either:

(i) Received the opportunity to conduct the risk assessment or inspection required by 

§745.110(a); or

(ii) Waived the opportunity.

(6) When one or more agents are involved in the transaction to sell target housing on behalf of 

the seller, a statement that:

(i) The agent has informed the seller of the seller's obligations under 42 U.S.C. 4852d; and

(ii) The agent is aware of his/her duty to ensure compliance with the requirements of this 

subpart.

(7) The signatures of the sellers, agents, and purchasers certifying to the accuracy of their 

statements to the best of their knowledge, along with the dates of signature.

(b) Lessor requirements. Each contract to lease target housing shall include, as an attachment or 

within the contract, the following elements, in the language of the contract (e.g., English, 

Spanish):

(1) A Lead Warning Statement with the following language:

Housing built before 1978 may contain lead-based paint. Lead from paint, paint chips, and dust can pose health 

hazards if not managed properly. Lead exposure is especially harmful to young children and pregnant women. 

Before renting pre-1978 housing, lessors must disclose the presence of lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint 

hazards in the dwelling. Lessees must also receive a federally approved pamphlet on lead poisoning prevention.

(2) A statement by the lessor disclosing the presence of known lead-based paint and/or leadbased paint hazards in the target housing being leased or indicating no knowledge of the 

presence of lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards. The lessor shall also disclose any 

additional information available concerning the known lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint 

hazards, such as the basis for the determination that lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint 

hazards exist, the location of the lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards, and the 

condition of the painted surfaces.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 35

(3) A list of any records or reports available to the lessor pertaining to lead-based paint and/or 

lead-based paint hazards in the housing that have been provided to the lessee. If no such records 

or reports are available, the lessor shall so indicate.

(4) A statement by the lessee affirming receipt of the information set out in paragraphs (b)(2) and 

(b)(3) of this section and the lead hazard information pamphlet required under 15 U.S.C. 2696.

(5) When one or more agents are involved in the transaction to lease target housing on behalf of 

the lessor, a statement that:

(i) The agent has informed the lessor of the lessor as obligations under 42 U.S.C. 4852d; and

(ii) The agent is aware of his/her duty to ensure compliance with the requirements of this 

subpart.

(6) The signatures of the lessors, agents, and lessees, certifying to the accuracy of their 

statements, to the best of their knowledge, along with the dates of signature.

(c) Retention of Certification and Acknowledgment Information .

(1) The seller, and any agent, shall retain a copy of the completed attachment required under 

paragraph (a) of this section for no less than 3 years from the completion date of the sale. The 

lessor, and any agent, shall retain a copy of the completed attachment or lease contract 

containing the information required under paragraph (b) of this section for no less than 3 years 

from the commencement of the leasing period.

(2) This recordkeeping requirement is not intended to place any limitations on civil suits under 

the Act, or to otherwise affect a lessee's or purchaser's rights under the civil penalty provisions of 

42 U.S.C. 4852d(b)(3).

(d) The seller, lessor, or agent shall not be responsible for the failure of a purchaser's or lessee's 

legal representative (where such representative receives all compensation from the purchaser or 

lessee) to transmit disclosure materials to the purchaser or lessee, provided that all required 

parties have completed and signed the necessary certification and acknowledgment language 

required under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.

§ 745.115 Agent responsibilities.

(a) Each agent shall ensure compliance with all requirements of this subpart. To ensure 

compliance, the agent shall:

(1) Inform the seller or lessor of his/her obligations under §§745.107, 745.110, and 745.113.

(2) Ensure that the seller or lessor has performed all activities required under §§745.107, 

745.110, and 745.113, or personally ensure compliance with the requirements of §§745.107, 

745.110, and 745.113.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 36

(b) If the agent has complied with paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the agent shall not be liable 

for the failure to disclose to a purchaser or lessee the presence of lead-based paint and/or leadbased paint hazards known by a seller or lessor but not disclosed to the agent.

§ 745.118 Enforcement.

(a) Any person who knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this subpart shall be 

subject to civil monetary penalties in accordance with the provisions of 42 U.S.C. 3545 and 24 

CFR part 30.

(b) The Secretary is authorized to take such action as may be necessary to enjoin any violation of 

this subpart in the appropriate Federal district court.

(c) Any person who knowingly violates the provisions of this subpart shall be jointly and 

severally liable to the purchaser or lessee in an amount equal to 3 times the amount of damages 

incurred by such individual.

(d) In any civil action brought for damages pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 4852d(b)(3), the appropriate 

court may award court costs to the party commencing such action, together with reasonable 

attorney fees and any expert witness fees, if that party prevails.

(e) Failure or refusal to comply with §745.107 (disclosure requirements for sellers and lessors), 

§745.110 (opportunity to conduct an evaluation), §745.113 (certification and acknowledgment of 

disclosure), or §745.115 (agent responsibilities) is a violation of 42 U.S.C. 4852d(b)(5) and of 

TSCA section 409 (15 U.S.C. 2689).

(f) Violators may be subject to civil and criminal sanctions pursuant to TSCA section 16 (15 

U.S.C. 2615) for each violation. For purposes of enforcing this subpart, the penalty for each 

violation applicable under 15 U.S.C. 2615 shall not be more than $11,000 for all violations 

occuring after July 28, 1997; all violations occuring on or prior to that date are subject to a 

penalty not more than $10,000.

[61 FR 9085, Mar. 6, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 35041, June 27, 1997]

§ 745.119 Impact on State and local requirements.

Nothing in this subpart shall relieve a seller, lessor, or agent from any responsibility for 

compliance with State or local laws, ordinances, codes, or regulations governing notice or 

disclosure of known lead-based paint or lead-based paint hazards. Neither HUD nor EPA 

assumes any responsibility for ensuring compliance with such State or local requirements.

Subparts G–K [Reserved]

Subpart L—Lead-Based Paint Activities

Source: 61 FR 45813, Aug. 29, 1996, unless otherwise noted.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 37

§ 745.220 Scope and applicability.

(a) This subpart contains procedures and requirements for the accreditation of training programs 

for lead-based paint activities and renovations, procedures and requirements for the certification 

of individuals and firms engaged in lead-based paint activities, and work practice standards for 

performing such activities. This subpart also requires that, except as discussed below, all leadbased paint activities, as defined in this subpart, be performed by certified individuals and firms.

(b) This subpart applies to all individuals and firms who are engaged in lead-based paint 

activities as defined in §745.223, except persons who perform these activities within residential 

dwellings that they own, unless the residential dwelling is occupied by a person or persons other 

than the owner or the owner's immediate family while these activities are being performed, or a 

child residing in the building has been identified as having an elevated blood lead level. This 

subpart applies only in those States or Indian Country that do not have an authorized State or 

Tribal program pursuant to §745.324 of subpart Q.

(c) Each department, agency, and instrumentality of the executive, legislative, and judicial 

branches of the Federal Government having jurisdiction over any property or facility, or engaged 

in any activity resulting, or which may result, in a lead-based paint hazard, and each officer, 

agent, or employee thereof shall be subject to, and comply with, all Federal, State, interstate, and 

local requirements, both substantive and procedural, including the requirements of this subpart 

regarding lead-based paint, lead-based paint activities, and lead-based paint hazards.

(d) While this subpart establishes specific requirements for performing lead-based paint activities 

should they be undertaken, nothing in this subpart requires that the owner or occupant undertake 

any particular lead-based paint activity.

[61 FR 45813, Aug. 29, 1996, as amended at 73 FR 21766, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.223 Definitions.

The definitions in subpart A apply to this subpart. In addition, the following definitions apply.

Abatement means any measure or set of measures designed to permanently eliminate lead-based 

paint hazards. Abatement includes, but is not limited to:

(1) The removal of paint and dust, the permanent enclosure or encapsulation of lead-based paint, 

the replacement of painted surfaces or fixtures, or the removal or permanent covering of soil, 

when lead-based paint hazards are present in such paint, dust or soil; and

(2) All preparation, cleanup, disposal, and post-abatement clearance testing activities associated 

with such measures.

(3) Specifically, abatement includes, but is not limited to:
40 CFR 745 – Lead 38

(i) Projects for which there is a written contract or other documentation, which provides that an 

individual or firm will be conducting activities in or to a residential dwelling or child-occupied 

facility that:

(A) Shall result in the permanent elimination of lead-based paint hazards; or

(B) Are designed to permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards and are described in 

paragraphs (1) and (2) of this definition.

(ii) Projects resulting in the permanent elimination of lead-based paint hazards, conducted by 

firms or individuals certified in accordance with §745.226, unless such projects are covered by 

paragraph (4) of this definition;

(iii) Projects resulting in the permanent elimination of lead-based paint hazards, conducted by 

firms or individuals who, through their company name or promotional literature, represent, 

advertise, or hold themselves out to be in the business of performing lead-based paint activities 

as identified and defined by this section, unless such projects are covered by paragraph (4) of this 

definition; or

(iv) Projects resulting in the permanent elimination of lead-based paint hazards, that are 

conducted in response to State or local abatement orders.

(4) Abatement does not include renovation, remodeling, landscaping or other activities, when 

such activities are not designed to permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards, but, instead, 

are designed to repair, restore, or remodel a given structure or dwelling, even though these 

activities may incidentally result in a reduction or elimination of lead-based paint hazards. 

Furthermore, abatement does not include interim controls, operations and maintenance activities, 

or other measures and activities designed to temporarily, but not permanently, reduce lead-based 

paint hazards.

Accredited training program means a training program that has been accredited by EPA pursuant 

to §745.225 to provide training for individuals engaged in lead-based paint activities.

Adequate quality control means a plan or design which ensures the authenticity, integrity, and 

accuracy of samples, including dust, soil, and paint chip or paint film samples. Adequate quality 

control also includes provisions for representative sampling.

Business day means Monday through Friday with the exception of Federal holidays.

Certified firm means a company, partnership, corporation, sole proprietorship, association, or 

other business entity that performs lead-based paint activities to which EPA has issued a 

certificate of approval pursuant to §745.226(f).

Certified inspector means an individual who has been trained by an accredited training program, 

as defined by this section, and certified by EPA pursuant to §745.226 to conduct inspections. A 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 39

certified inspector also samples for the presence of lead in dust and soil for the purposes of 

abatement clearance testing.

Certified abatement worker means an individual who has been trained by an accredited training 

program, as defined by this section, and certified by EPA pursuant to §745.226 to perform 

abatements.

Certified project designer means an individual who has been trained by an accredited training 

program, as defined by this section, and certified by EPA pursuant to §745.226 to prepare 

abatement project designs, occupant protection plans, and abatement reports.

Certified risk assessor means an individual who has been trained by an accredited training 

program, as defined by this section, and certified by EPA pursuant to §745.226 to conduct risk 

assessments. A risk assessor also samples for the presence of lead in dust and soil for the 

purposes of abatement clearance testing.

Certified supervisor means an individual who has been trained by an accredited training 

program, as defined by this section, and certified by EPA pursuant to §745.226 to supervise and 

conduct abatements, and to prepare occupant protection plans and abatement reports.

Child-occupied facility means a building, or portion of a building, constructed prior to 1978, 

visited regularly by the same child, 6 years of age or under, on at least two different days within 

any week (Sunday through Saturday period), provided that each day's visit lasts at least 3 hours 

and the combined weekly visit lasts at least 6 hours, and the combined annual visits last at least 

60 hours. Child-occupied facilities may include, but are not limited to, day-care centers, 

preschools and kindergarten classrooms.

Clearance levels are values that indicate the maximum amount of lead permitted in dust on a 

surface following completion of an abatement activity.

Common area means a portion of a building that is generally accessible to all occupants. Such an 

area may include, but is not limited to, hallways, stairways, laundry and recreational rooms, 

playgrounds, community centers, garages, and boundary fences.

Component or building component means specific design or structural elements or fixtures of a 

building, residential dwelling, or child-occupied facility that are distinguished from each other by 

form, function, and location. These include, but are not limited to, interior components such as: 

ceilings, crown molding, walls, chair rails, doors, door trim, floors, fireplaces, radiators and other 

heating units, shelves, shelf supports, stair treads, stair risers, stair stringers, newel posts, railing 

caps, balustrades, windows and trim (including sashes, window heads, jambs, sills or stools and 

troughs), built in cabinets, columns, beams, bathroom vanities, counter tops, and air conditioners; 

and exterior components such as: painted roofing, chimneys, flashing, gutters and downspouts, 

ceilings, soffits, fascias, rake boards, cornerboards, bulkheads, doors and door trim, fences, 

floors, joists, lattice work, railings and railing caps, siding, handrails, stair risers and treads, stair 

stringers, columns, balustrades, window sills or stools and troughs, casings, sashes and wells, 

and air conditioners.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 40

Containment means a process to protect workers and the environment by controlling exposures 

to the lead-contaminated dust and debris created during an abatement.

Course agenda means an outline of the key topics to be covered during a training course, 

including the time allotted to teach each topic.

Course test means an evaluation of the overall effectiveness of the training which shall test the 

trainees' knowledge and retention of the topics covered during the course.

Course test blue print means written documentation identifying the proportion of course test 

questions devoted to each major topic in the course curriculum.

Deteriorated paint means paint that is cracking, flaking, chipping, peeling, or otherwise 

separating from the substrate of a building component.

Discipline means one of the specific types or categories of lead-based paint activities identified 

in this subpart for which individuals may receive training from accredited programs and become 

certified by EPA. For example, ―abatement worker‖ is a discipline.

Distinct painting history means the application history, as indicated by its visual appearance or a 

record of application, over time, of paint or other surface coatings to a component or room.

Documented methodologies are methods or protocols used to sample for the presence of lead in 

paint, dust, and soil.

Elevated blood lead level (EBL) means an excessive absorption of lead that is a confirmed 

concentration of lead in whole blood of 20 μg/dl (micrograms of lead per deciliter of whole 

blood) for a single venous test or of 15–19 μg/dl in two consecutive tests taken 3 to 4 months 

apart.

Encapsulant means a substance that forms a barrier between lead-based paint and the 

environment using a liquid-applied coating (with or without reinforcement materials) or an 

adhesively bonded covering material.

Encapsulation means the application of an encapsulant.

Enclosure means the use of rigid, durable construction materials that are mechanically fastened 

to the substrate in order to act as a barrier between lead-based paint and the environment.

Guest instructor means an individual designated by the training program manager or principal 

instructor to provide instruction specific to the lecture, hands-on activities, or work practice 

components of a course.

Hands-on skills assessment means an evaluation which tests the trainees' ability to satisfactorily 

perform the work practices and procedures identified in §745.225(d), as well as any other skill 

taught in a training course.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 41

Hazardous waste means any waste as defined in 40 CFR 261.3.

Inspection means a surface-by-surface investigation to determine the presence of lead-based 

paint and the provision of a report explaining the results of the investigation.

Interim certification means the status of an individual who has successfully completed the 

appropriate training course in a discipline from an accredited training program, as defined by this 

section, but has not yet received formal certification in that discipline from EPA pursuant to 

§745.226. Interim certifications expire 6 months after the completion of the training course, and 

is equivalent to a certificate for the 6-month period.

Interim controls means a set of measures designed to temporarily reduce human exposure or 

likely exposure to lead-based paint hazards, including specialized cleaning, repairs, maintenance, 

painting, temporary containment, ongoing monitoring of lead-based paint hazards or potential 

hazards, and the establishment and operation of management and resident education programs.

Lead-based paint means paint or other surface coatings that contain lead equal to or in excess of 

1.0 milligrams per square centimeter or more than 0.5 percent by weight.

Lead-based paint activities means, in the case of target housing and child-occupied facilities, 

inspection, risk assessment, and abatement, as defined in this subpart.

Lead-based paint activities courses means initial and refresher training courses (worker, 

supervisor, inspector, risk assessor, project designer) provided by accredited training programs.

Lead-based paint hazard means any condition that causes exposure to lead from leadcontaminated dust, lead-contaminated soil, or lead-contaminated paint that is deteriorated or 

present in accessible surfaces, friction surfaces, or impact surfaces that would result in adverse 

human health effects as identified by the Administrator pursuant to TSCA section 403.

Lead-hazard screen is a limited risk assessment activity that involves limited paint and dust 

sampling as described in §745.227(c).

Living area means any area of a residential dwelling used by one or more children age 6 and 

under, including, but not limited to, living rooms, kitchen areas, dens, play rooms, and children's 

bedrooms.

Local government means a county, city, town, borough, parish, district, association, or other 

public body (including an agency comprised of two or more of the foregoing entities) created 

under State law.

Multi-family dwelling means a structure that contains more than one separate residential dwelling 

unit, which is used or occupied, or intended to be used or occupied, in whole or in part, as the 

home or residence of one or more persons.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 42

Nonprofit means an entity which has demonstrated to any branch of the Federal Government or 

to a State, municipal, tribal or territorial government, that no part of its net earnings inure to the 

benefit of any private shareholder or individual.

Paint in poor condition means more than 10 square feet of deteriorated paint on exterior 

components with large surface areas; or more than 2 square feet of deteriorated paint on interior 

components with large surface areas (e.g., walls, ceilings, floors, doors); or more than 10 percent 

of the total surface area of the component is deteriorated on interior or exterior components with 

small surface areas (window sills, baseboards, soffits, trim).

Permanently covered soil means soil which has been separated from human contact by the 

placement of a barrier consisting of solid, relatively impermeable materials, such as pavement or 

concrete. Grass, mulch, and other landscaping materials are not considered permanent covering.

Person means any natural or judicial person including any individual, corporation, partnership, 

or association; any Indian Tribe, State, or political subdivision thereof; any interstate body; and 

any department, agency, or instrumentality of the Federal government.

Principal instructor means the individual who has the primary responsibility for organizing and 

teaching a particular course.

Recognized laboratory means an environmental laboratory recognized by EPA pursuant to 

TSCA section 405(b) as being capable of performing an analysis for lead compounds in paint, 

soil, and dust.

Reduction means measures designed to reduce or eliminate human exposure to lead-based paint 

hazards through methods including interim controls and abatement.

Residential dwelling means (1) a detached single family dwelling unit, including attached 

structures such as porches and stoops; or (2) a single family dwelling unit in a structure that 

contains more than one separate residential dwelling unit, which is used or occupied, or intended 

to be used or occupied, in whole or in part, as the home or residence of one or more persons.

Risk assessment means (1) an on-site investigation to determine the existence, nature, severity, 

and location of lead-based paint hazards, and (2) the provision of a report by the individual or the 

firm conducting the risk assessment, explaining the results of the investigation and options for 

reducing lead-based paint hazards.

Start date means the first day of any lead-based paint activities training course or lead-based 

paint abatement activity.

Start date provided to EPA means the start date included in the original notification or the most 

recent start date provided to EPA in an updated notification.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 43

State means any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of 

Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, the Canal Zone, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana 

Islands, or any other territory or possession of the United States.

Target housing means any housing constructed prior to 1978, except housing for the elderly or 

persons with disabilities (unless any one or more children age 6 years or under resides or is 

expected to reside in such housing for the elderly or persons with disabilities) or any 0-bedroom 

dwelling.

Training curriculum means an established set of course topics for instruction in an accredited 

training program for a particular discipline designed to provide specialized knowledge and skills.

Training hour means at least 50 minutes of actual learning, including, but not limited to, time 

devoted to lecture, learning activities, small group activities, demonstrations, evaluations, and/or 

hands-on experience.

Training manager means the individual responsible for administering a training program and 

monitoring the performance of principal instructors and guest instructors.

Training provider means any organization or entity accredited under §745.225 to offer leadbased paint activities courses.

Visual inspection for clearance testing means the visual examination of a residential dwelling or 

a child-occupied facility following an abatement to determine whether or not the abatement has 

been successfully completed.

Visual inspection for risk assessment means the visual examination of a residential dwelling or a 

child-occupied facility to determine the existence of deteriorated lead-based paint or other 

potential sources of lead-based paint hazards.

[61 FR 45813, Aug. 29, 1996, as amended at 64 FR 31097, June 9, 1999; 66 FR 1239, Jan. 5, 

2001; 69 FR 18495, Apr. 8, 2004]

§ 745.225 Accreditation of training programs: target housing and child-occupied facilities.

(a) Scope . (1) A training program may seek accreditation to offer courses in any of the 

following disciplines: Inspector, risk assessor, supervisor, project designer, abatement worker, 

renovator, and dust sampling technician. A training program may also seek accreditation to offer 

refresher courses for each of the above listed disciplines.

(2) Training programs may first apply to EPA for accreditation of their lead-based paint activities 

courses or refresher courses pursuant to this section on or after August 31, 1998. Training 

programs may first apply to EPA for accreditation of their renovator or dust sampling technician 

courses or refresher courses pursuant to this section on or after April 22, 2009.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 44

(3) A training program must not provide, offer, or claim to provide EPA-accredited lead-based 

paint activities courses without applying for and receiving accreditation from EPA as required 

under paragraph (b) of this section on or after March 1, 1999. A training program must not 

provide, offer, or claim to provide EPA-accredited renovator or dust sampling technician courses 

without applying for and receiving accreditation from EPA as required under paragraph (b) of 

this section on or after June 23, 2008.

(b) Application process . The following are procedures a training program must follow to receive 

EPA accreditation to offer lead-based paint activities courses, renovator courses, or dust 

sampling technician courses:

(1) A training program seeking accreditation shall submit a written application to EPA 

containing the following information:

(i) The training program's name, address, and telephone number.

(ii) A list of courses for which it is applying for accreditation. For the purposes of this section, 

courses taught in different languages are considered different courses, and each must 

independently meet the accreditation requirements.

(iii) A statement signed by the training program manager certifying that the training program 

meets the requirements established in paragraph (c) of this section. If a training program uses 

EPA-recommended model training materials, or training materials approved by a State or Indian 

Tribe that has been authorized by EPA under subpart Q of this part, the training program 

manager shall include a statement certifying that, as well.

(iv) If a training program does not use EPA-recommended model training materials or training 

materials approved by an authorized State or Indian Tribe, its application for accreditation shall 

also include:

(A) A copy of the student and instructor manuals, or other materials to be used for each course.

(B) A copy of the course agenda for each course.

(C) When applying for accreditation of a course in a language other than English, a signed 

statement from a qualified, independent translator that they had compared the course to the 

English language version and found the translation to be accurate.

(v) All training programs shall include in their application for accreditation the following:

(A) A description of the facilities and equipment to be used for lecture and hands-on training.

(B) A copy of the course test blueprint for each course.

(C) A description of the activities and procedures that will be used for conducting the assessment 

of hands-on skills for each course.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 45

(D) A copy of the quality control plan as described in paragraph (c)(9) of this section.

(2) If a training program meets the requirements in paragraph (c) of this section, then EPA shall 

approve the application for accreditation no more than 180 days after receiving a complete 

application from the training program. In the case of approval, a certificate of accreditation shall 

be sent to the applicant. In the case of disapproval, a letter describing the reasons for disapproval 

shall be sent to the applicant. Prior to disapproval, EPA may, at its discretion, work with the 

applicant to address inadequacies in the application for accreditation. EPA may also request 

additional materials retained by the training program under paragraph (i) of this section. If a 

training program's application is disapproved, the program may reapply for accreditation at any 

time.

(3) A training program may apply for accreditation to offer courses or refresher courses in as 

many disciplines as it chooses. A training program may seek accreditation for additional courses 

at any time as long as the program can demonstrate that it meets the requirements of this section.

(4) A training program applying for accreditation must submit the appropriate fees in accordance 

with §745.238.

(c) Requirements for the accreditation of training programs . For a training program to obtain 

accreditation from EPA to offer lead-based paint activities courses, renovator courses, or dust 

sampling technician courses, the program must meet the following requirements:

(1) The training program shall employ a training manager who has:

(i) At least 2 years of experience, education, or training in teaching workers or adults; or

(ii) A bachelor's or graduate degree in building construction technology, engineering, industrial 

hygiene, safety, public health, education, business administration or program management or a 

related field; or

(iii) Two years of experience in managing a training program specializing in environmental 

hazards; and

(iv) Demonstrated experience, education, or training in the construction industry including: lead 

or asbestos abatement, painting, carpentry, renovation, remodeling, occupational safety and 

health, or industrial hygiene.

(2) The training manager shall designate a qualified principal instructor for each course who has:

(i) Demonstrated experience, education, or training in teaching workers or adults; and

(ii) Successfully completed at least 16 hours of any EPA-accredited or EPA-authorized State or 

Tribal-accredited lead-specific training; and
40 CFR 745 – Lead 46

(iii) Demonstrated experience, education, or training in lead or asbestos abatement, painting, 

carpentry, renovation, remodeling, occupational safety and health, or industrial hygiene.

(3) The principal instructor shall be responsible for the organization of the course and oversight 

of the teaching of all course material. The training manager may designate guest instructors as 

needed to provide instruction specific to the lecture, hands-on activities, or work practice 

components of a course.

(4) The following documents shall be recognized by EPA as evidence that training managers and 

principal instructors have the education, work experience, training requirements or demonstrated 

experience, specifically listed in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section. This documentation 

need not be submitted with the accreditation application, but, if not submitted, shall be retained 

by the training program as required by the recordkeeping requirements contained in paragraph (i) 

of this section. Those documents include the following:

(i) Official academic transcripts or diploma as evidence of meeting the education requirements.

(ii) Resumes, letters of reference, or documentation of work experience, as evidence of meeting 

the work experience requirements.

(iii) Certificates from train-the-trainer courses and lead-specific training courses, as evidence of 

meeting the training requirements.

(5) The training program shall ensure the availability of, and provide adequate facilities for, the 

delivery of the lecture, course test, hands-on training, and assessment activities. This includes 

providing training equipment that reflects current work practices and maintaining or updating the 

equipment and facilities as needed.

(6) To become accredited in the following disciplines, the training program shall provide training 

courses that meet the following training hour requirements:

(i) The inspector course shall last a minimum of 24 training hours, with a minimum of 8 hours 

devoted to hands-on training activities. The minimum curriculum requirements for the inspector 

course are contained in paragraph (d)(1) of this section.

(ii) The risk assessor course shall last a minimum of 16 training hours, with a minimum of 4 

hours devoted to hands-on training activities. The minimum curriculum requirements for the risk 

assessor course are contained in paragraph (d)(2) of this section.

(iii) The supervisor course shall last a minimum of 32 training hours, with a minimum of 8 hours 

devoted to hands-on activities. The minimum curriculum requirements for the supervisor course 

are contained in paragraph (d)(3) of this section.

(iv) The project designer course shall last a minimum of 8 training hours. The minimum 

curriculum requirements for the project designer course are contained in paragraph (d)(4) of this 

section.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 47

(v) The abatement worker course shall last a minimum of 16 training hours, with a minimum of 8 

hours devoted to hands-on training activities. The minimum curriculum requirements for the 

abatement worker course are contained in paragraph (d)(5) of this section.

(vi) The renovator course must last a minimum of 8 training hours, with a minimum of 2 hours 

devoted to hands-on training activities. The minimum curriculum requirements for the renovator 

course are contained in paragraph (d)(6) of this section. Hands-on training activities must cover 

renovation methods that minimize the creation of dust and lead-based paint hazards, interior and 

exterior containment and cleanup methods, and post-renovation cleaning verification.

(vii) The dust sampling technician course must last a minimum of 8 training hours, with a 

minimum of 2 hours devoted to hands-on training activities. The minimum curriculum 

requirements for the dust sampling technician course are contained in paragraph (d)(7) of this 

section. Hands-on training activities must cover dust sampling methodologies.

(7) For each course offered, the training program shall conduct either a course test at the 

completion of the course, and if applicable, a hands-on skills assessment, or in the alternative, a 

proficiency test for that discipline. Each individual must successfully complete the hands-on 

skills assessment and receive a passing score on the course test to pass any course, or 

successfully complete a proficiency test.

(i) The training manager is responsible for maintaining the validity and integrity of the hands-on 

skills assessment or profiency test to ensure that it accurately evaluates the trainees' performance 

of the work practices and procedures associated with the course topics contained in paragraph (d) 

of this section.

(ii) The training manager is responsible for maintaining the validity and integrity of the course 

test to ensure that it accurately evaluates the trainees' knowledge and retention of the course 

topics.

(iii) The course test shall be developed in accordance with the test blueprint submitted with the 

training accreditation application.

(8) The training program shall issue unique course completion certificates to each individual who 

passes the training course. The course completion certificate shall include:

(i) The name, a unique identification number, and address of the individual.

(ii) The name of the particular course that the individual completed.

(iii) Dates of course completion/test passage.

(iv) For initial inspector, risk assessor, project designer, supervisor, or abatement worker course 

completion certificates, the expiration date of interim certification, which is 6 months from the 

date of course completion.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 48

(v) The name, address, and telephone number of the training program.

(vi) The language in which the course was taught.

(vii) For renovator and dust sampling technician course completion certificates, a photograph of 

the individual.

(9) The training manager shall develop and implement a quality control plan. The plan shall be 

used to maintain and improve the quality of the training program over time. This plan shall 

contain at least the following elements:

(i) Procedures for periodic revision of training materials and the course test to reflect innovations 

in the field.

(ii) Procedures for the training manager's annual review of principal instructor competency.

(10) Courses offered by the training program must teach the work practice standards contained in 

§745.85 or §745.227, as applicable, in such a manner that trainees are provided with the 

knowledge needed to perform the renovations or lead-based paint activities they will be 

responsible for conducting.

(11) The training manager shall be responsible for ensuring that the training program complies at 

all times with all of the requirements in this section.

(12) The training manager shall allow EPA to audit the training program to verify the contents of 

the application for accreditation as described in paragraph (b) of this section.

(13) The training manager must provide notification of renovator, dust sampling technician, or

renovator, dust sampling technician, or lead-based paint activities offered.

(i) The training manager must provide EPA with notification of all renovator, dust sampling 

technician, or lead-based paint activities courses offered. The original notification must be 

received by EPA at least 7 business days prior to the start date of any renovator, dust sampling 

technician, or lead-based paint activities course.

(ii) The training manager must provide EPA updated notification when renovator, dust sampling 

technician, or lead-based paint activities courses will begin on a date other than the start date 

specified in the original notification, as follows:

(A) For renovator, dust sampling technician, or lead-based paint activities courses beginning 

prior to the start date provided to EPA, an updated notification must be received by EPA at least 

7 business days before the new start date.

(B) For renovator, dust sampling technician, or lead-based paint activities courses beginning 

after the start date provided to EPA, an updated notification must be received by EPA at least 2 

business days before the start date provided to EPA.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 49

(iii) The training manager must update EPA of any change in location of renovator, dust 

sampling technician, or lead-based paint activities courses at least 7 business days prior to the 

start date provided to EPA.

(iv) The training manager must update EPA regarding any course cancellations, or any other 

change to the original notification. Updated notifications must be received by EPA at least 2 

business days prior to the start date provided to EPA.

(v) Each notification, including updates, must include the following:

(A) Notification type (original, update, cancellation).

(B) Training program name, EPA accreditation number, address, and telephone number.

(C) Course discipline, type (initial/ refresher), and the language in which instruction will be 

given.

(D) Date(s) and time(s) of training.

(E) Training location(s) telephone number, and address.

(F) Principal instructor's name.

(G) Training manager's name and signature.

(vi) Notification must be accomplished using any of the following methods: Written notification, 

or electronically using the Agency's Central Data Exchange (CDX). Written notification of 

renovator, dust sampling technician, or lead-based paint activities course schedules can be 

accomplished by using either the sample form titled ―Lead-Based Paint Activities Training 

Course Schedule‖ or a similar form containing the information required in paragraph (c)(13)(v) 

of this section. All written notifications must be delivered by U.S. Postal Service, fax, 

commercial delivery service, or hand delivery (persons submitting notification by U.S. Postal 

Service are reminded that they should allow 3 additional business days for delivery in order to 

ensure that EPA receives the notification by the required date). Instructions and sample forms 

can be obtained from the NLIC at 1–800–424–LEAD(5323), or on the Internet at 

http://www.epa.gov/lead. 

(vii) Lead-based paint activities courses must not begin on a date, or at a location other than that 

specified in the original notification unless an updated notification identifying a new start date or 

location is submitted, in which case the course must begin on the new start date and/or location 

specified in the updated notification.

(viii) No training program shall provide renovator, dust sampling technician, or lead-based paint 

activities courses without first notifying EPA of such activities in accordance with the 

requirements of this paragraph.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 50

(14) The training manager must provide notification following completion of renovator, dust 

sampling technician, or lead-based paint activities courses.

(i) The training manager must provide EPA notification after the completion of any renovator, 

dust sampling technician, or lead-based paint activities course. This notice must be received by 

EPA no later than 10 business days following course completion.

(ii) The notification must include the following:

(A) Training program name, EPA accreditation number, address, and telephone number.

(B) Course discipline and type (initial/refresher).

(C) Date(s) of training.

(D) The following information for each student who took the course:

( 1 ) Name.

( 2 ) Address.

( 3 ) Date of birth.

( 4 ) Course completion certificate number.

( 5 ) Course test score.

(6) For renovator or dust sampling technician courses only, a digital photograph of the student.

(E) Training manager's name and signature.

(iii) Notification must be accomplished using any of the following methods: Written notification, 

or electronically using the Agency's Central Data Exchange (CDX). Written notification 

following training courses can be accomplished by using either the sample form, entitled PostTraining Notification or a similar form containing the information required in paragraph 

(c)(14)(ii) of this section. All written notifications must be delivered by U.S. Postal Service, fax, 

commercial delivery service, or hand delivery (persons submitting notification by U.S. Postal 

Service are reminded that they should allow 3 additional business days for delivery in order to 

ensure that EPA receives the notification by the required date). Instructions and sample forms 

can be obtained from the NLIC at 1–800–424–LEAD (5323), or on the Internet at 

http://www.epa.gov/lead .

(d) Minimum training curriculum requirements. To become accredited to offer lead-based paint 

courses instruction in the specific disciplines listed below, training programs must ensure that 

their courses of study include, at a minimum, the following course topics. Requirements ending 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 51

in an asterisk (*) indicate areas that require hands-on activities as an integral component of the 

course.

(1) Inspector. (i) Role and responsibilities of an inspector.

(ii) Background information on lead and its adverse health effects.

(iii) Background information on Federal, State, and local regulations and guidance that pertains 

to lead-based paint and lead-based paint activities.

(iv) Lead-based paint inspection methods, including selection of rooms and components for 

sampling or testing.*

(v) Paint, dust, and soil sampling methodologies.*

(vi) Clearance standards and testing, including random sampling.*

(vii) Preparation of the final inspection report.*

(viii) Recordkeeping.

(2) Risk assessor. (i) Role and responsibilities of a risk assessor.

(ii) Collection of background information to perform a risk assessment.

(iii) Sources of environmental lead contamination such as paint, surface dust and soil, water, air, 

packaging, and food.

(iv) Visual inspection for the purposes of identifying potential sources of lead-based paint 

hazards.*

(v) Lead hazard screen protocol.

(vi) Sampling for other sources of lead exposure.*

(vii) Interpretation of lead-based paint and other lead sampling results, including all applicable 

State or Federal guidance or regulations pertaining to lead-based paint hazards.*

(viii) Development of hazard control options, the role of interim controls, and operations and 

maintenance activities to reduce lead-based paint hazards.

(ix) Preparation of a final risk assessment report.

(3) Supervisor. (i) Role and responsibilities of a supervisor.

(ii) Background information on lead and its adverse health effects.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 52

(iii) Background information on Federal, State, and local regulations and guidance that pertain to 

lead-based paint abatement.

(iv) Liability and insurance issues relating to lead-based paint abatement.

(v) Risk assessment and inspection report interpretation.*

(vi) Development and implementation of an occupant protection plan and abatement report.

(vii) Lead-based paint hazard recognition and control.*

(viii) Lead-based paint abatement and lead-based paint hazard reduction methods, including 

restricted practices.*

(ix) Interior dust abatement/cleanup or lead-based paint hazard control and reduction methods.*

(x) Soil and exterior dust abatement or lead-based paint hazard control and reduction methods.*

(xi) Clearance standards and testing.

(xii) Cleanup and waste disposal.

(xiii) Recordkeeping.

(4) Project designer. (i) Role and responsibilities of a project designer.

(ii) Development and implementation of an occupant protection plan for large scale abatement 

projects.

(iii) Lead-based paint abatement and lead-based paint hazard reduction methods, including 

restricted practices for large-scale abatement projects.

(iv) Interior dust abatement/cleanup or lead hazard control and reduction methods for large-scale 

abatement projects.

(v) Clearance standards and testing for large scale abatement projects.

(vi) Integration of lead-based paint abatement methods with modernization and rehabilitation 

projects for large scale abatement projects.

(5) Abatement worker. (i) Role and responsibilities of an abatement worker.

(ii) Background information on lead and its adverse health effects.

(iii) Background information on Federal, State and local regulations and guidance that pertain to 

lead-based paint abatement.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 53

(iv) Lead-based paint hazard recognition and control.*

(v) Lead-based paint abatement and lead-based paint hazard reduction methods, including 

restricted practices.*

(vi) Interior dust abatement methods/cleanup or lead-based paint hazard reduction.*

(vii) Soil and exterior dust abatement methods or lead-based paint hazard reduction.*

(6) Renovator . (i) Role and responsibility of a renovator.

(ii) Background information on lead and its adverse health effects.

(iii) Background information on EPA, HUD, OSHA, and other Federal, State, and local 

regulations and guidance that pertains to lead-based paint and renovation activities.

(iv) Procedures for using acceptable test kits to determine whether paint is lead-based paint.

(v) Renovation methods to minimize the creation of dust and lead-based paint hazards.

(vi) Interior and exterior containment and cleanup methods.

(vii) Methods to ensure that the renovation has been properly completed, including cleaning 

verification, and clearance testing.

(viii) Waste handling and disposal.

(ix) Providing on-the-job training to other workers.

(x) Record preparation.

(7) Dust sampling technician . (i) Role and responsibility of a dust sampling technician.

(ii) Background information on lead and its adverse health effects.

(iii) Background information on Federal, State, and local regulations and guidance that pertains 

to lead-based paint and renovation activities.

(iv) Dust sampling methodologies.

(v) Clearance standards and testing.

(vi) Report preparation.

(e) Requirements for the accreditation of refresher training programs . A training program may 

seek accreditation to offer refresher training courses in any of the following disciplines: 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 54

Inspector, risk assessor, supervisor, project designer, abatement worker, renovator, and dust 

sampling technician. To obtain EPA accreditation to offer refresher training, a training program 

must meet the following minimum requirements:

(1) Each refresher course shall review the curriculum topics of the full-length courses listed 

under paragraph (d) of this section, as appropriate. In addition, to become accredited to offer 

refresher training courses, training programs shall ensure that their courses of study include, at a 

minimum, the following:

(i) An overview of current safety practices relating to lead-based paint in general, as well as 

specific information pertaining to the appropriate discipline.

(ii) Current laws and regulations relating to lead-based paint in general, as well as specific 

information pertaining to the appropriate discipline.

(iii) Current technologies relating to lead-based paint in general, as well as specific information 

pertaining to the appropriate discipline.

(2) Refresher courses for inspector, risk assessor, supervisor, and abatement worker must last a 

minimum of 8 training hours. Refresher courses for project designer, renovator, and dust 

sampling technician must last a minimum of 4 training hours.

(3) For each course offered, the training program shall conduct a hands-on assessment (if 

applicable), and at the completion of the course, a course test.

(4) A training program may apply for accreditation of a refresher course concurrently with its 

application for accreditation of the corresponding training course as described in paragraph (b) of 

this section. If so, EPA shall use the approval procedure described in paragraph (b) of this 

section. In addition, the minimum requirements contained in paragraphs (c) (except for the 

requirements in paragraph (c)(6)), and (e)(1), (e)(2) and (e)(3) of this section shall also apply.

(5) A training program seeking accreditation to offer refresher training courses only shall submit 

a written application to EPA containing the following information:

(i) The refresher training program's name, address, and telephone number.

(ii) A list of courses for which it is applying for accreditation.

(iii) A statement signed by the training program manager certifying that the refresher training 

program meets the minimum requirements established in paragraph (c) of this section, except for 

the requirements in paragraph (c)(6) of this section. If a training program uses EPA-developed 

model training materials, or training materials approved by a State or Indian Tribe that has been 

authorized by EPA under §745.324 to develop its refresher training course materials, the training 

manager shall include a statement certifying that, as well.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 55

(iv) If the refresher training course materials are not based on EPA-developed model training 

materials or training materials approved by an authorized State or Indian Tribe, the training 

program's application for accreditation shall include:

(A) A copy of the student and instructor manuals to be used for each course.

(B) A copy of the course agenda for each course.

(v) All refresher training programs shall include in their application for accreditation the 

following:

(A) A description of the facilities and equipment to be used for lecture and hands-on training.

(B) A copy of the course test blueprint for each course.

(C) A description of the activities and procedures that will be used for conducting the assessment 

of hands-on skills for each course (if applicable).

(D) A copy of the quality control plan as described in paragraph (c)(9) of this section.

(vi) The requirements in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(5), and (c)(7) through (c)(14) of this 

section apply to refresher training providers.

(vii) If a refresher training program meets the requirements listed in this paragraph, then EPA 

shall approve the application for accreditation no more than 180 days after receiving a complete 

application from the refresher training program. In the case of approval, a certificate of 

accreditation shall be sent to the applicant. In the case of disapproval, a letter describing the 

reasons for disapproval shall be sent to the applicant. Prior to disapproval, EPA may, at its 

discretion, work with the applicant to address inadequacies in the application for accreditation. 

EPA may also request additional materials retained by the refresher training program under 

paragraph (i) of this section. If a refresher training program's application is disapproved, the 

program may reapply for accreditation at any time.

(f) Re-accreditation of training programs. (1) Unless re-accredited, a training program's 

accreditation (including refresher training accreditation) shall expire 4 years after the date of 

issuance. If a training program meets the requirements of this section, the training program shall 

be re-accredited.

(2) A training program seeking re-accreditation shall submit an application to EPA no later than 

180 days before its accreditation expires. If a training program does not submit its application for 

re-accreditation by that date, EPA cannot guarantee that the program will be re-accredited before 

the end of the accreditation period.

(3) The training program's application for re-accreditation shall contain:

(i) The training program's name, address, and telephone number.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 56

(ii) A list of courses for which it is applying for re-accreditation.

(iii) A description of any changes to the training facility, equipment or course materials since its 

last application was approved that adversely affects the students ability to learn.

(iv) A statement signed by the program manager stating:

(A) That the training program complies at all times with all requirements in paragraphs (c) and 

(e) of this section, as applicable; and

(B) The recordkeeping and reporting requirements of paragraph (i) of this section shall be 

followed.

(v) A payment of appropriate fees in accordance with §745.238.

(4) Upon request, the training program shall allow EPA to audit the training program to verify 

the contents of the application for re-accreditation as described in paragraph (f)(3) of this section.

(g) Suspension, revocation, and modification of accredited training programs. (1) EPA may, 

after notice and an opportunity for hearing, suspend, revoke, or modify training program 

accreditation (including refresher training accreditation) if a training program, training manager, 

or other person with supervisory authority over the training program has:

(i) Misrepresented the contents of a training course to EPA and/or the student population.

(ii) Failed to submit required information or notifications in a timely manner.

(iii) Failed to maintain required records.

(iv) Falsified accreditation records, instructor qualifications, or other accreditation-related

information or documentation.

(v) Failed to comply with the training standards and requirements in this section.

(vi) Failed to comply with Federal, State, or local lead-based paint statutes or regulations.

(vii) Made false or misleading statements to EPA in its application for accreditation or reaccreditation which EPA relied upon in approving the application.

(2) In addition to an administrative or judicial finding of violation, execution of a consent 

agreement in settlement of an enforcement action constitutes, for purposes of this section, 

evidence of a failure to comply with relevant statutes or regulations.

(h) Procedures for suspension, revocation or modification of training program accreditation. (1) 

Prior to taking action to suspend, revoke, or modify the accreditation of a training program, EPA 

shall notify the affected entity in writing of the following:
40 CFR 745 – Lead 57

(i) The legal and factual basis for the suspension, revocation, or modification.

(ii) The anticipated commencement date and duration of the suspension, revocation, or 

modification.

(iii) Actions, if any, which the affected entity may take to avoid suspension, revocation, or 

modification, or to receive accreditation in the future.

(iv) The opportunity and method for requesting a hearing prior to final EPA action to suspend, 

revoke or modify accreditation.

(v) Any additional information, as appropriate, which EPA may provide.

(2) If a hearing is requested by the accredited training program, EPA shall:

(i) Provide the affected entity an opportunity to offer written statements in response to EPA's 

assertions of the legal and factual basis for its proposed action, and any other explanations, 

comments, and arguments it deems relevant to the proposed action.

(ii) Provide the affected entity such other procedural opportunities as EPA may deem appropriate 

to ensure a fair and impartial hearing.

(iii) Appoint an official of EPA as Presiding Officer to conduct the hearing. No person shall 

serve as Presiding Officer if he or she has had any prior connection with the specific matter.

(3) The Presiding Officer appointed pursuant to paragraph (h)(2) of this section shall:

(i) Conduct a fair, orderly, and impartial hearing within 90 days of the request for a hearing.

(ii) Consider all relevant evidence, explanation, comment, and argument submitted.

(iii) Notify the affected entity in writing within 90 days of completion of the hearing of his or her 

decision and order. Such an order is a final agency action which may be subject to judicial 

review.

(4) If EPA determines that the public health, interest, or welfare warrants immediate action to 

suspend the accreditation of any training program prior to the opportunity for a hearing, it shall:

(i) Notify the affected entity of its intent to immediately suspend training program accreditation 

for the reasons listed in paragraph (g)(1) of this section. If a suspension, revocation, or 

modification notice has not previously been issued pursuant to paragraph (g)(1) of this section, it 

shall be issued at the same time the emergency suspension notice is issued.

(ii) Notify the affected entity in writing of the grounds for the immediate suspension and why it 

is necessary to suspend the entity's accreditation before an opportunity for a suspension, 

revocation or modification hearing.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 58

(iii) Notify the affected entity of the anticipated commencement date and duration of the 

immediate suspension.

(iv) Notify the affected entity of its right to request a hearing on the immediate suspension within 

15 days of the suspension taking place and the procedures for the conduct of such a hearing.

(5) Any notice, decision, or order issued by EPA under this section, any transcripts or other 

verbatim record of oral testimony, and any documents filed by an accredited training program in 

a hearing under this section shall be available to the public, except as otherwise provided by 

section 14 of TSCA or by part 2 of this title. Any such hearing at which oral testimony is 

presented shall be open to the public, except that the Presiding Officer may exclude the public to 

the extent necessary to allow presentation of information which may be entitled to confidential 

treatment under section 14 of TSCA or part 2 of this title.

(6) The public shall be notified of the suspension, revocation, modification or reinstatement of a 

training program's accreditation through appropriate mechanisms.

(7) EPA shall maintain a list of parties whose accreditation has been suspended, revoked, 

modified or reinstated.

(i) Training program recordkeeping requirements. (1) Accredited training programs shall 

maintain, and make available to EPA, upon request, the following records:

(i) All documents specified in paragraph (c)(4) of this section that demonstrate the qualifications 

listed in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section of the training manager and principal 

instructors.

(ii) Current curriculum/course materials and documents reflecting any changes made to these 

materials.

(iii) The course test blueprint.

(iv) Information regarding how the hands-on assessment is conducted including, but not limited 

to:

(A) Who conducts the assessment.

(B) How the skills are graded.

(C) What facilities are used.

(D) The pass/fail rate.

(v) The quality control plan as described in paragraph (c)(9) of this section.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 59

(vi) Results of the students' hands-on skills assessments and course tests, and a record of each 

student's course completion certificate.

(vii) Any other material not listed above in paragraphs (i)(1)(i) through (i)(1)(vi) of this section 

that was submitted to EPA as part of the program's application for accreditation.

(2) The training program shall retain these records at the address specified on the training 

program accreditation application (or as modified in accordance with paragraph (i)(3) of this 

section for a minimum of 3 years and 6 months.

(3) The training program shall notify EPA in writing within 30 days of changing the address 

specified on its training program accreditation application or transferring the records from that 

address.

[61 FR 45813, Aug. 29, 1996, as amended at 64 FR 31098, June 9, 1999; 69 FR 18495, Apr. 8, 

2004; 73 FR 21766, Apr. 22, 2008; 74 FR 34262, July 15, 2009]

§ 745.226 Certification of individuals and firms engaged in lead-based paint activities: target housing and 

child-occupied facilities.

(a) Certification of individuals. (1) Individuals seeking certification by EPA to engage in leadbased paint activities must either:

(i) Submit to EPA an application demonstrating that they meet the requirements established in 

paragraphs (b) or (c) of this section for the particular discipline for which certification is sought; 

or

(ii) Submit to EPA an application with a copy of a valid lead-based paint activities certification 

(or equivalent) from a State or Tribal program that has been authorized by EPA pursuant to 

subpart Q of this part.

(2) Individuals may first apply to EPA for certification to engage in lead-based paint activities 

pursuant to this section on or after March 1, 1999.

(3) Following the submission of an application demonstrating that all the requirements of this 

section have been meet, EPA shall certify an applicant as an inspector, risk assessor, supervisor, 

project designer, or abatement worker, as appropriate.

(4) Upon receiving EPA certification, individuals conducting lead-based paint activities shall 

comply with the work practice standards for performing the appropriate lead-based paint 

activities as established in §745.227.

(5) It shall be a violation of TSCA for an individual to conduct any of the lead-based paint 

activities described in §745.227 after March 1, 2000, if that individual has not been certified by 

EPA pursuant to this section to do so.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 60

(6) Individuals applying for certification must submit the appropriate fees in accordance with 

§745.238.

(b) Inspector, risk assessor or supervisor. (1) To become certified by EPA as an inspector, risk 

assessor, or supervisor, pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section, an individual must:

(i) Successfully complete an accredited course in the appropriate discipline and receive a course 

completion certificate from an accredited training program.

(ii) Pass the certification exam in the appropriate discipline offered by EPA; and,

(iii) Meet or exceed the following experience and/or education requirements:

(A) Inspectors. ( 1 ) No additional experience and/or education requirements.

( 2 ) [Reserved]

(B) Risk assessors. ( 1 ) Successful completion of an accredited training course for inspectors; 

and

( 2 ) Bachelor's degree and 1 year of experience in a related field (e.g., lead, asbestos, 

environmental remediation work, or construction), or an Associates degree and 2 years 

experience in a related field (e.g., lead, asbestos, environmental remediation work, or 

construction); or

( 3 ) Certification as an industrial hygienist, professional engineer, registered architect and/or 

certification in a related engineering/health/environmental field (e.g., safety professional, 

environmental scientist); or

( 4 ) A high school diploma (or equivalent), and at least 3 years of experience in a related field 

(e.g., lead, asbestos, environmental remediation work or construction).

(C) Supervisor: ( 1 ) One year of experience as a certified lead-based paint abatement worker; or

( 2 ) At least 2 years of experience in a related field (e.g., lead, asbestos, or environmental 

remediation work) or in the building trades.

(2) The following documents shall be recognized by EPA as evidence of meeting the 

requirements listed in (b)(2)(iii) of this paragraph:

(i) Official academic transcripts or diploma, as evidence of meeting the education requirements.

(ii) Resumes, letters of reference, or documentation of work experience, as evidence of meeting 

the work experience requirements.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 61

(iii) Course completion certificates from lead-specific or other related training courses, issued by 

accredited training programs, as evidence of meeting the training requirements.

(3) In order to take the certification examination for a particular discipline an individual must:

(i) Successfully complete an accredited course in the appropriate discipline and receive a course 

completion certificate from an accredited training program.

(ii) Meet or exceed the education and/or experience requirements in paragraph (b)(1)(iii) of this 

section.

(4) The course completion certificate shall serve as interim certification for an individual until 

the next available opportunity to take the certification exam. Such interim certification shall 

expire 6 months after issuance.

(5) After passing the appropriate certification exam and submitting an application demonstrating 

that he/she meets the appropriate training, education, and/or experience prerequisites described 

in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, an individual shall be issued a certificate by EPA. To maintain 

certification, an individual must be re-certified as described in paragraph (e) of this section.

(6) An individual may take the certification exam no more than three times within 6 months of 

receiving a course completion certificate.

(7) If an individual does not pass the certification exam and receive a certificate within 6 months 

of receiving his/her course completion certificate, the individual must retake the appropriate 

course from an accredited training program before reapplying for certification from EPA.

(c) Abatement worker and project designer. (1) To become certified by EPA as an abatement 

worker or project designer, pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section, an individual must:

(i) Successfully complete an accredited course in the appropriate discipline and receive a course 

completion certificate from an accredited training program.

(ii) Meet or exceed the following additional experience and/or education requirements:

(A) Abatement workers. ( 1 ) No additional experience and/or education requirements.

( 2 ) [Reserved]

(B) Project designers. ( 1 ) Successful completion of an accredited training course for 

supervisors.

( 2 ) Bachelor's degree in engineering, architecture, or a related profession, and 1 year of 

experience in building construction and design or a related field; or

( 3 ) Four years of experience in building construction and design or a related field.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 62

(2) The following documents shall be recognized by EPA as evidence of meeting the 

requirements listed in this paragraph:

(i) Official academic transcripts or diploma, as evidence of meeting the education requirements.

(ii) Resumes, letters of reference, or documentation of work experience, as evidence of meeting 

the work experience requirements.

(iii) Course completion certificates from lead-specific or other related training courses, issued by 

accredited training programs, as evidence of meeting the training requirements.

(3) The course completion certificate shall serve as an interim certification until certification 

from EPA is received, but shall be valid for no more than 6 months from the date of completion.

(4) After successfully completing the appropriate training courses and meeting any other 

qualifications described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section, an individual shall be issued a 

certificate from EPA. To maintain certification, an individual must be re-certified as described in 

paragraph (e) of this section.

(d) Certification based on prior training. (1) Any individual who received training in a leadbased paint activity between October 1, 1990, and March 1, 1999 shall be eligible for 

certification by EPA under the alternative procedures contained in this paragraph. Individuals 

who have received lead-based paint activities training at an EPA-authorized State or Tribal 

accredited training program shall also be eligible for certification by EPA under the following 

alternative procedures:

(i) Applicants for certification as an inspector, risk assessor, or supervisor shall:

(A) Demonstrate that the applicant has successfully completed training or on-the-job training in 

the conduct of a lead-based paint activity.

(B) Demonstrate that the applicant meets or exceeds the education and/or experience 

requirements in paragraph (b)(1)(iii) of this section.

(C) Successfully complete an accredited refresher training course for the appropriate discipline.

(D) Pass a certification exam administered by EPA for the appropriate discipline.

(ii) Applicants for certification as an abatement worker or project designer shall:

(A) Demonstrate that the applicant has successfully completed training or on-the-job training in 

the conduct of a lead-based paint activity.

(B) Demonstrate that the applicant meets the education and/or experience requirements in 

paragraphs (c)(1) of this section; and
40 CFR 745 – Lead 63

(C) Successfully complete an accredited refresher training course for the appropriate discipline.

(2) Individuals shall have until March 1, 2000, to apply to EPA for certification under the above 

procedures. After that date, all individuals wishing to obtain certification must do so through the 

procedures described in paragraph (a), and paragraph (b) or (c) of this section, according to the 

discipline for which certification is being sought.

(e) Re-certification. (1) To maintain certification in a particular discipline, a certified individual 

shall apply to and be re-certified by EPA in that discipline by EPA either:

(i) Every 3 years if the individual completed a training course with a course test and hands-on 

assessment; or

(ii) Every 5 years if the individual completed a training course with a proficiency test.

(2) An individual shall be re-certified if the individual successfully completes the appropriate 

accredited refresher training course and submits a valid copy of the appropriate refresher course 

completion certificate.

(3) Individuals applying for re-certification must submit the appropriate fees in accordance with 

§745.238.

(f) Certification of firms. (1) All firms which perform or offer to perform any of the lead-based 

paint activities described in §745.227 after March 1, 2000, shall be certified by EPA.

(2) A firm seeking certification shall submit to EPA a letter attesting that the firm shall only 

employ appropriately certified employees to conduct lead-based paint activities, and that the firm 

and its employees shall follow the work practice standards in §745.227 for conducting leadbased paint activities.

(3) From the date of receiving the firm's letter requesting certification, EPA shall have 90 days to 

approve or disapprove the firm's request for certification. Within that time, EPA shall respond 

with either a certificate of approval or a letter describing the reasons for a disapproval.

(4) The firm shall maintain all records pursuant to the requirements in §745.227.

(5) Firms may first apply to EPA for certification to engage in lead-based paint activities 

pursuant to this section on or after March 1, 1999.

(6) Firms applying for certification must submit the appropriate fees in accordance with 

§745.238.

(7) To maintain certification a firm shall submit appropriate fees in accordance with §745.238 

every 3 years.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 64

(g) Suspension, revocation, and modification of certifications of individuals engaged in leadbased paint activities. (1) EPA may, after notice and opportunity for hearing, suspend, revoke, or 

modify an individual's certification if an individual has:

(i) Obtained training documentation through fraudulent means.

(ii) Gained admission to and completed an accredited training program through 

misrepresentation of admission requirements.

(iii) Obtained certification through misrepresentation of certification requirements or related 

documents dealing with education, training, professional registration, or experience.

(iv) Performed work requiring certification at a job site without having proof of certification.

(v) Permitted the duplication or use of the individual's own certificate by another.

(vi) Performed work for which certification is required, but for which appropriate certification 

has not been received.

(vii) Failed to comply with the appropriate work practice standards for lead-based paint activities 

at §745.227.

(viii) Failed to comply with Federal, State, or local lead-based paint statutes or regulations.

(2) In addition to an administrative or judicial finding of violation, for purposes of this section 

only, execution of a consent agreement in settlement of an enforcement action constitutes 

evidence of a failure to comply with relevant statutes or regulations.

(h) Suspension, revocation, and modification of certifications of firms engaged in lead-based 

paint activities. (1) EPA may, after notice and opportunity for hearing, suspend, revoke, or 

modify a firm's certification if a firm has:

(i) Performed work requiring certification at a job site with individuals who are not certified.

(ii) Failed to comply with the work practice standards established in §745.227.

(iii) Misrepresented facts in its letter of application for certification to EPA.

(iv) Failed to maintain required records.

(v) Failed to comply with Federal, State, or local lead-based paint statutes or regulations.

(2) In addition to an administrative or judicial finding of violation, for purposes of this section 

only, execution of a consent agreement in settlement of an enforcement action constitutes 

evidence of a failure to comply with relevant statutes or regulations.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 65

(i) Procedures for suspension, revocation, or modification of the certification of individuals or 

firms .

(1) If EPA decides to suspend, revoke, or modify the certification of any individual or firm, it 

shall notify the affected entity in writing of the following:

(i) The legal and factual basis for the suspension, revocation, or modification.

(ii) The commencement date and duration of the suspension, revocation, or modification.

(iii) Actions, if any, which the affected entity may take to avoid suspension, revocation, or 

modification or to receive certification in the future.

(iv) The opportunity and method for requesting a hearing prior to final EPA action to suspend, 

revoke, or modify certification.

(v) Any additional information, as appropriate, which EPA may provide.

(2) If a hearing is requested by the certified individual or firm, EPA shall:

(i) Provide the affected entity an opportunity to offer written statements in response to EPA's 

assertion of the legal and factual basis and any other explanations, comments, and arguments it 

deems relevant to the proposed action.

(ii) Provide the affected entity such other procedural opportunities as EPA may deem appropriate 

to ensure a fair and impartial hearing.

(iii) Appoint an official of EPA as Presiding Officer to conduct the hearing. No person shall 

serve as Presiding Officer if he or she has had any prior connection with the specific matter.

(3) The Presiding Officer shall:

(i) Conduct a fair, orderly, and impartial hearing within 90 days of the request for a hearing;

(ii) Consider all relevant evidence, explanation, comment, and argument submitted; and

(iii) Notify the affected entity in writing within 90 days of completion of the hearing of his or her 

decision and order. Such an order is a final EPA action subject to judicial review.

(4) If EPA determines that the public health, interest, or welfare warrants immediate action to 

suspend the certification of any individual or firm prior to the opportunity for a hearing, it shall:

(i) Notify the affected entity of its intent to immediately suspend certification for the reasons 

listed in paragraph (h)(1) of this section. If a suspension, revocation, or modification notice has 

not previously been issued, it shall be issued at the same time the immediate suspension notice is 

issued.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 66

(ii) Notify the affected entity in writing of the grounds upon which the immediate suspension is 

based and why it is necessary to suspend the entity's accreditation before an opportunity for a 

hearing to suspend, revoke, or modify the individual's or firm's certification.

(iii) Notify the affected entity of the commencement date and duration of the immediate 

suspension.

(iv) Notify the affected entity of its right to request a hearing on the immediate suspension within 

15 days of the suspension taking place and the procedures for the conduct of such a hearing.

(5) Any notice, decision, or order issued by EPA under this section, transcript or other verbatim 

record of oral testimony, and any documents filed by a certified individual or firm in a hearing 

under this section shall be available to the public, except as otherwise provided by section 14 of 

TSCA or by part 2 of this title. Any such hearing at which oral testimony is presented shall be 

open to the public, except that the Presiding Officer may exclude the public to the extent 

necessary to allow presentation of information which may be entitled to confidential treatment 

under section 14 of TSCA or part 2 of this title.

[61 FR 45813, Aug. 29, 1996, as amended at 64 FR 31098, June 9, 1999; 64 FR 42851, Aug. 6, 

1999]

§ 745.227 Work practice standards for conducting lead-based paint activities: target housing and childoccupied facilities.

(a) Effective date, applicability, and terms. (1) Beginning on March 1, 2000, all lead-based paint 

activities shall be performed pursuant to the work practice standards contained in this section.

(2) When performing any lead-based paint activity described by the certified individual as an 

inspection, lead-hazard screen, risk assessment or abatement, a certified individual must perform 

that activity in compliance with the appropriate requirements below.

(3) Documented methodologies that are appropriate for this section are found in the following: 

The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Guidelines for the Evaluation 

and Control of Lead-Based Paint Hazards in Housing; the EPA Guidance on Residential LeadBased Paint, Lead-Contaminated Dust, and Lead-Contaminated Soil; the EPA Residential 

Sampling for Lead: Protocols for Dust and Soil Sampling (EPA report number 7474–R–95–001); 

Regulations, guidance, methods or protocols issued by States and Indian Tribes that have been 

authorized by EPA; and other equivalent methods and quidelines.

(4) Clearance levels are appropriate for the purposes of this section may be found in the EPA 

Guidance on Residential Lead-Based Paint, Lead-Contaminated Dust, and Lead Contaminiated 

Soil or other equivalent guidelines.

(b) Inspection. (1) An inspection shall be conducted only by a person certified by EPA as an 

inspector or risk assessor and, if conducted, must be conducted according to the procedures in 

this paragraph.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 67

(2) When conducting an inspection, the following locations shall be selected according to 

documented methodologies and tested for the presence of lead-based paint:

(i) In a residential dwelling and child-occupied facility, each component with a distinct painting 

history and each exterior component with a distinct painting history shall be tested for lead-based 

paint, except those components that the inspector or risk assessor determines to have been 

replaced after 1978, or to not contain lead-based paint; and

(ii) In a multi-family dwelling or child-occupied facility, each component with a distinct painting 

history in every common area, except those components that the inspector or risk assessor 

determines to have been replaced after 1978, or to not contain lead-based paint.

(3) Paint shall be sampled in the following manner: (i) The analysis of paint to determine the 

presence of lead shall be conducted using documented methodologies which incorporate 

adequate quality control procedures; and/or

(ii) All collected paint chip samples shall be analyzed according to paragraph (f) of this section 

to determine if they contain detectable levels of lead that can be quantified numerically.

(4) The certified inspector or risk assessor shall prepare an inspection report which shall include 

the following information:

(i) Date of each inspection.

(ii) Address of building.

(iii) Date of construction.

(iv) Apartment numbers (if applicable).

(v) Name, address, and telephone number of the owner or owners of each residential dwelling or 

child-occupied facility.

(vi) Name, signature, and certification number of each certified inspector and/or risk assessor 

conducting testing.

(vii) Name, address, and telephone number of the certified firm employing each inspector and/or 

risk assessor, if applicable.

(viii) Each testing method and device and/or sampling procedure employed for paint analysis, 

including quality control data and, if used, the serial number of any x-ray fluorescence (XRF) 

device.

(ix) Specific locations of each painted component tested for the presence of lead-based paint.

(x) The results of the inspection expressed in terms appropriate to the sampling method used.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 68

(c) Lead hazard screen. (1) A lead hazard screen shall be conducted only by a person certified by 

EPA as a risk assessor.

(2) If conducted, a lead hazard screen shall be conducted as follows:

(i) Background information regarding the physical characteristics of the residential dwelling or 

child-occupied facility and occupant use patterns that may cause lead-based paint exposure to 

one or more children age 6 years and under shall be collected.

(ii) A visual inspection of the residential dwelling or child-occupied facility shall be conducted 

to:

(A) Determine if any deteriorated paint is present, and

(B) Locate at least two dust sampling locations.

(iii) If deteriorated paint is present, each surface with deteriorated paint, which is determined, 

using documented methodologies, to be in poor condition and to have a distinct painting history, 

shall be tested for the presence of lead.

(iv) In residential dwellings, two composite dust samples shall be collected, one from the floors 

and the other from the windows, in rooms, hallways or stairwells where one or more children, 

age 6 and under, are most likely to come in contact with dust.

(v) In multi-family dwellings and child-occupied facilities, in addition to the floor and window 

samples required in paragraph (c)(1)(iii) of this section, the risk assessor shall also collect 

composite dust samples from common areas where one or more children, age 6 and under, are 

most likely to come into contact with dust.

(3) Dust samples shall be collected and analyzed in the following manner:

(i) All dust samples shall be taken using documented methodologies that incorporate adequate 

quality control procedures.

(ii) All collected dust samples shall be analyzed according to paragraph (f) of this section to 

determine if they contain detectable levels of lead that can be quantified numerically.

(4) Paint shall be sampled in the following manner: (i) The analysis of paint to determine the 

presence of lead shall be conducted using documented methodologies which incorporate 

adequate quality control procedures; and/or

(ii) All collected paint chip samples shall be analyzed according to paragraph (f) of this section 

to determine if they contain detectable levels of lead that can be quantified numerically.

(5) The risk assessor shall prepare a lead hazard screen report, which shall include the following 

information:
40 CFR 745 – Lead 69

(i) The information required in a risk assessment report as specified in paragraph (d) of this 

section, including paragraphs (d)(11)(i) through (d)(11)(xiv), and excluding paragraphs 

(d)(11)(xv) through (d)(11)(xviii) of this section. Additionally, any background information 

collected pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section shall be included in the risk assessment 

report; and

(ii) Recommendations, if warranted, for a follow-up risk assessment, and as appropriate, any 

further actions.

(d) Risk assessment. (1) A risk assessment shall be conducted only by a person certified by EPA 

as a risk assessor and, if conducted, must be conducted according to the procedures in this 

paragraph.

(2) A visual inspection for risk assessment of the residential dwelling or child-occupied facility 

shall be undertaken to locate the existence of deteriorated paint, assess the extent and causes of 

the deterioration, and other potential lead-based paint hazards.

(3) Background information regarding the physical characteristics of the residential dwelling or 

child-occupied facility and occupant use patterns that may cause lead-based paint exposure to 

one or more children age 6 years and under shall be collected.

(4) The following surfaces which are determined, using documented methodologies, to have a 

distinct painting history, shall be tested for the presence of lead:

(i) Each friction surface or impact surface with visibly deteriorated paint; and

(ii) All other surfaces with visibly deteriorated paint.

(5) In residential dwellings, dust samples (either composite or single-surface samples) from the 

interior window sill(s) and floor shall be collected and analyzed for lead concentration in all 

living areas where one or more children, age 6 and under, are most likely to come into contact 

with dust.

(6) For multi-family dwellings and child-occupied facilities, the samples required in paragraph 

(d)(4) of this section shall be taken. In addition, interior window sill and floor dust samples 

(either composite or single-surface samples) shall be collected and analyzed for lead 

concentration in the following locations:

(i) Common areas adjacent to the sampled residential dwelling or child-occupied facility; and

(ii) Other common areas in the building where the risk assessor determines that one or more 

children, age 6 and under, are likely to come into contact with dust.

(7) For child-occupied facilities, interior window sill and floor dust samples (either composite or 

single-surface samples) shall be collected and analyzed for lead concentration in each room, 

hallway or stairwell utilized by one or more children, age 6 and under, and in other common 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 70

areas in the child-occupied facility where one or more children, age 6 and under, are likely to 

come into contact with dust.

(8) Soil samples shall be collected and analyzed for lead concentrations in the following 

locations:

(i) Exterior play areas where bare soil is present; and

(ii) The rest of the yard (i.e., non-play areas) where bare soil is present.

(iii) Dripline/foundation areas where bare soil is present.

(9) Any paint, dust, or soil sampling or testing shall be conducted using documented 

methodologies that incorporate adequate quality control procedures.

(10) Any collected paint chip, dust, or soil samples shall be analyzed according to paragraph (f) 

of this section to determine if they contain detectable levels of lead that can be quantified 

numerically.

(11) The certified risk assessor shall prepare a risk assessment report which shall include the 

following information:

(i) Date of assessment.

(ii) Address of each building.

(iii) Date of construction of buildings.

(iv) Apartment number (if applicable).

(v) Name, address, and telephone number of each owner of each building.

(vi) Name, signature, and certification of the certified risk assessor conducting the assessment.

(vii) Name, address, and telephone number of the certified firm employing each certified risk 

assessor if applicable.

(viii) Name, address, and telephone number of each recognized laboratory conducting analysis of 

collected samples.

(ix) Results of the visual inspection.

(x) Testing method and sampling procedure for paint analysis employed.

(xi) Specific locations of each painted component tested for the presence of lead.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 71

(xii) All data collected from on-site testing, including quality control data and, if used, the serial 

number of any XRF device.

(xiii) All results of laboratory analysis on collected paint, soil, and dust samples.

(xiv) Any other sampling results.

(xv) Any background information collected pursuant to paragraph (d)(3) of this section.

(xvi) To the extent that they are used as part of the lead-based paint hazard determination, the 

results of any previous inspections or analyses for the presence of lead-based paint, or other 

assessments of lead-based paint-related hazards.

(xvii) A description of the location, type, and severity of identified lead-based paint hazards and 

any other potential lead hazards.

(xviii) A description of interim controls and/or abatement options for each identified lead-based 

paint hazard and a suggested prioritization for addressing each hazard. If the use of an 

encapsulant or enclosure is recommended, the report shall recommend a maintenance and 

monitoring schedule for the encapsulant or enclosure.

(e) Abatement. (1) An abatement shall be conducted only by an individual certified by EPA, and 

if conducted, shall be conducted according to the procedures in this paragraph.

(2) A certified supervisor is required for each abatement project and shall be onsite during all 

work site preparation and during the post-abatement cleanup of work areas. At all other times 

when abatement activities are being conducted, the certified supervisor shall be onsite or 

available by telephone, pager or answering service, and able to be present at the work site in no 

more than 2 hours.

(3) The certified supervisor and the certified firm employing that supervisor shall ensure that all 

abatement activities are conducted according to the requirements of this section and all other 

Federal, State and local requirements.

(4) A certified firm must notify EPA of lead-based paint abatement activities as follows:

(i) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(4)(ii) of this section, EPA must be notified prior to 

conducting lead-based paint abatement activities. The original notification must be received by 

EPA at least 5 business days before the start date of any lead-based paint abatement activities.

(ii) Notification for lead-based paint abatement activities required in response to an elevated 

blood lead level (EBL) determination, or Federal, State, Tribal, or local emergency abatement 

order should be received by EPA as early as possible before, but must be received no later than 

the start date of the lead-based paint abatement activities. Should the start date and/or location 

provided to EPA change, an updated notification must be received by EPA on or before the start 

date provided to EPA. Documentation showing evidence of an EBL determination or a copy of 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 72

the Federal/State/Tribal/local emergency abatement order must be included in the written 

notification to take advantage of this abbreviated notification period.

(iii) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(4)(ii) of this section, updated notification must be 

provided to EPA for lead-based paint abatement activities that will begin on a date other than the 

start date specified in the original notification, as follows:

(A) For lead-based paint abatement activities beginning prior to the start date provided to EPA 

an updated notification must be received by EPA at least 5 business days before the new start 

date included in the notification.

(B) For lead-based paint abatement activities beginning after the start date provided to EPA an 

updated notification must be received by EPA on or before the start date provided to EPA.

(iv) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(4)(ii) of this section, updated notification must be 

provided to EPA for any change in location of lead-based paint abatement activities at least 5 

business days prior to the start date provided to EPA.

(v) Updated notification must be provided to EPA when lead-based paint abatement activities are 

canceled, or when there are other significant changes including, but not limited to, when the 

square footage or acreage to be abated changes by more than 20%. This updated notification 

must be received by EPA on or before the start date provided to EPA, or if work has already 

begun, within 24 hours of the change.

(vi) The following must be included in each notification:

(A) Notification type (original, updated, cancellation).

(B) Date when lead-based paint abatement activities will start.

(C) Date when lead-based paint abatement activities will end (approximation using best 

professional judgement).

(D) Firm's name, EPA certification number, address, telephone number.

(E) Type of building (e.g., single family dwelling, multi-family dwelling, child-occupied 

facilities) on/in which abatement work will be performed.

(F) Property name (if applicable).

(G) Property address including apartment or unit number(s) (if applicable) for abatement work.

(H) Documentation showing evidence of an EBL determination or a copy of the 

Federal/State/Tribal/local emergency abatement order, if using the abbreviated time period as 

described in paragraph (e)(4)(ii) of this section.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 73

(I) Name and EPA certification number of the project supervisor.

(J) Approximate square footage/acreage to be abated.

(K) Brief description of abatement activities to be performed.

(L) Name, title, and signature of the representative of the certified firm who prepared the 

notification.

(vii) Notification must be accomplished using any of the following methods: Written 

notification, or electronically using the Agency's Central Data Exchange (CDX). Written 

notification can be accomplished using either the sample form titled ―Notification of Lead-Based 

Paint Abatement Activities‖ or similar form containing the information required in paragraph 

(e)(4)(vi) of this section. All written notifications must be delivered by U.S. Postal Service, fax, 

commercial delivery service, or hand delivery (persons submitting notification by U.S. Postal 

Service are reminded that they should allow 3 additional business days for delivery in order to 

ensure that EPA receives the notification by the required date). Instructions and sample forms 

can be obtained from the NLIC at 1–800–424–LEAD(5323), or on the Internet at 

http://www.epa.gov/lead .

(viii) Lead-based paint abatement activities shall not begin on a date, or at a location other than 

that specified in either an original or updated notification, in the event of changes to the original 

notification.

(ix) No firm or individual shall engage in lead-based paint abatement activities, as defined in 

§745.223, prior to notifying EPA of such activities according to the requirements of this 

paragraph.

(5) A written occupant protection plan shall be developed for all abatement projects and shall be 

prepared according to the following procedures:

(i) The occupant protection plan shall be unique to each residential dwelling or child-occupied 

facility and be developed prior to the abatement. The occupant protection plan shall describe the 

measures and management procedures that will be taken during the abatement to protect the 

building occupants from exposure to any lead-based paint hazards.

(ii) A certified supervisor or project designer shall prepare the occupant protection plan.

(6) The work practices listed below shall be restricted during an abatement as follows:

(i) Open-flame burning or torching of lead-based paint is prohibited;

(ii) Machine sanding or grinding or abrasive blasting or sandblasting of lead-based paint is 

prohibited unless used with High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) exhaust control which 

removes particles of 0.3 microns or larger from the air at 99.97 percent or greater efficiency;
40 CFR 745 – Lead 74

(iii) Dry scraping of lead-based paint is permitted only in conjunction with heat guns or around 

electrical outlets or when treating defective paint spots totaling no more than 2 square feet in any 

one room, hallway or stairwell or totaling no more than 20 square feet on exterior surfaces; and

(iv) Operating a heat gun on lead-based paint is permitted only at temperatures below 1100 

degrees Fahrenheit.

(7) If conducted, soil abatement shall be conducted in one of the following ways:

(i) If the soil is removed:

(A) The soil shall be replaced by soil with a lead concentration as close to local background as 

practicable, but no greater than 400 ppm.

(B) The soil that is removed shall not be used as top soil at another residential property or childoccupied facility.

(ii) If soil is not removed, the soil shall be permanently covered, as defined in §745.223.

(8) The following post-abatement clearance procedures shall be performed only by a certified 

inspector or risk assessor:

(i) Following an abatement, a visual inspection shall be performed to determine if deteriorated 

painted surfaces and/or visible amounts of dust, debris or residue are still present. If deteriorated 

painted surfaces or visible amounts of dust, debris or residue are present, these conditions must 

be eliminated prior to the continuation of the clearance procedures.

(ii) Following the visual inspection and any post-abatement cleanup required by paragraph 

(e)(8)(i) of this section, clearance sampling for lead in dust shall be conducted. Clearance 

sampling may be conducted by employing single-surface sampling or composite sampling 

techniques.

(iii) Dust samples for clearance purposes shall be taken using documented methodologies that 

incorporate adequate quality control procedures.

(iv) Dust samples for clearance purposes shall be taken a minimum of 1 hour after completion of 

final post-abatement cleanup activities.

(v) The following post-abatement clearance activities shall be conducted as appropriate based 

upon the extent or manner of abatement activities conducted in or to the residential dwelling or 

child-occupied facility:

(A) After conducting an abatement with containment between abated and unabated areas, one 

dust sample shall be taken from one interior window sill and from one window trough (if 

present) and one dust sample shall be taken from the floors of each of no less than four rooms, 

hallways or stairwells within the containment area. In addition, one dust sample shall be taken 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 75

from the floor outside the containment area. If there are less than four rooms, hallways or 

stairwells within the containment area, then all rooms, hallways or stairwells shall be sampled.

(B) After conducting an abatement with no containment, two dust samples shall be taken from 

each of no less than four rooms, hallways or stairwells in the residential dwelling or childoccupied facility. One dust sample shall be taken from one interior window sill and window 

trough (if present) and one dust sample shall be taken from the floor of each room, hallway or 

stairwell selected. If there are less than four rooms, hallways or stairwells within the residential 

dwelling or child-occupied facility then all rooms, hallways or stairwells shall be sampled.

(C) Following an exterior paint abatement, a visible inspection shall be conducted. All horizontal 

surfaces in the outdoor living area closest to the abated surface shall be found to be cleaned of 

visible dust and debris. In addition, a visual inspection shall be conducted to determine the 

presence of paint chips on the dripline or next to the foundation below any exterior surface 

abated. If paint chips are present, they must be removed from the site and properly disposed of, 

according to all applicable Federal, State and local requirements.

(vi) The rooms, hallways or stairwells selected for sampling shall be selected according to 

documented methodologies.

(vii) The certified inspector or risk assessor shall compare the residual lead level (as determined 

by the laboratory analysis) from each single surface dust sample with clearance levels in 

paragraph (e)(8)(viii) of this section for lead in dust on floors, interior window sills, and window 

troughs or from each composite dust sample with the applicable clearance levels for lead in dust 

on floors, interior window sills, and window troughs divided by half the number of subsamples 

in the composite sample. If the residual lead level in a single surface dust sample equals or 

exceeds the applicable clearance level or if the residual lead level in a composite dust sample 

equals or exceeds the applicable clearance level divided by half the number of subsamples in the 

composite sample, the components represented by the failed sample shall be recleaned and 

retested.

(viii) The clearance levels for lead in dust are 40 μg/ft2for floors, 250 μg/ft2for interior window 

sills, and 400 μg/ft2for window troughs.

(9) In a multi-family dwelling with similarly constructed and maintained residential dwellings, 

random sampling for the purposes of clearance may be conducted provided:

(i) The certified individuals who abate or clean the residential dwellings do not know which 

residential dwelling will be selected for the random sample.

(ii) A sufficient number of residential dwellings are selected for dust sampling to provide a 95 

percent level of confidence that no more than 5 percent or 50 of the residential dwellings 

(whichever is smaller) in the randomly sampled population exceed the appropriate clearance 

levels.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 76

(iii) The randomly selected residential dwellings shall be sampled and evaluated for clearance 

according to the procedures found in paragraph (e)(8) of this section.

(10) An abatement report shall be prepared by a certified supervisor or project designer. The 

abatement report shall include the following information:

(i) Start and completion dates of abatement.

(ii) The name and address of each certified firm conducting the abatement and the name of each 

supervisor assigned to the abatement project.

(iii) The occupant protection plan prepared pursuant to paragraph (e)(5) of this section.

(iv) The name, address, and signature of each certified risk assessor or inspector conducting 

clearance sampling and the date of clearance testing.

(v) The results of clearance testing and all soil analyses (if applicable) and the name of each 

recognized laboratory that conducted the analyses.

(vi) A detailed written description of the abatement, including abatement methods used, locations 

of rooms and/or components where abatement occurred, reason for selecting particular 

abatement methods for each component, and any suggested monitoring of encapsulants or 

enclosures.

(f) Collection and laboratory analysis of samples. Any paint chip, dust, or soil samples collected 

pursuant to the work practice standards contained in this section shall be:

(1) Collected by persons certified by EPA as an inspector or risk assessor; and

(2) Analyzed by a laboratory recognized by EPA pursuant to section 405(b) of TSCA as being

capable of performing analyses for lead compounds in paint chip, dust, and soil samples.

(g) Composite dust sampling. Composite dust sampling may only be conducted in the situations 

specified in paragraphs (c) through (e) of this section. If such sampling is conducted, the 

following conditions shall apply:

(1) Composite dust samples shall consist of at least two subsamples;

(2) Every component that is being tested shall be included in the sampling; and

(3) Composite dust samples shall not consist of subsamples from more than one type of 

component.

(h) Determinations. (1) Lead-based paint is present:
40 CFR 745 – Lead 77

(i) On any surface that is tested and found to contain lead equal to or in excess of 1.0 milligrams 

per square centimeter or equal to or in excess of 0.5% by weight; and

(ii) On any surface like a surface tested in the same room equivalent that has a similar painting 

history and that is found to be lead-based paint.

(2) A paint-lead hazard is present:

(i) On any friction surface that is subject to abrasion and where the lead dust levels on the nearest 

horizontal surface underneath the friction surface (e.g., the window sill or floor) are equal to or 

greater than the dust hazard levels identified in §745.227(b);

(ii) On any chewable lead-based paint surface on which there is evidence of teeth marks;

(iii) Where there is any damaged or otherwise deteriorated lead-based paint on an impact surface 

that is cause by impact from a related building component (such as a door knob that knocks into 

a wall or a door that knocks against its door frame; and

(iv) If there is any other deteriorated lead-based paint in any residential building or childoccupied facility or on the exterior of any residential building or child-occupied facility.

(3) A dust-lead hazard is present in a residential dwelling or child occupied facility:

(i) In a residential dwelling on floors and interior window sills when the weighted arithmetic 

mean lead loading for all single surface or composite samples of floors and interior window sills 

are equal to or greater than 40 μg/ft2for floors and 250 μg/ft2for interior window sills, 

respectively;

(ii) On floors or interior window sills in an unsampled residential dwelling in a multi-family 

dwelling, if a dust-lead hazard is present on floors or interior window sills, respectively, in at 

least one sampled residential unit on the property; and

(iii) On floors or interior window sills in an unsampled common area in a multi-family dwelling, 

if a dust-lead hazard is present on floors or interior window sills, respectively, in at least one 

sampled common area in the same common area group on the property.

(4) A soil-lead hazard is present:

(i) In a play area when the soil-lead concentration from a composite play area sample of bare soil 

is equal to or greater than 400 parts per million; or

(ii) In the rest of the yard when the arithmetic mean lead concentration from a composite sample 

(or arithmetic mean of composite samples) of bare soil from the rest of the yard (i.e., non-play 

areas) for each residential building on a property is equal to or greater than 1,200 parts per 

million.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 78

(i) Recordkeeping. All reports or plans required in this section shall be maintained by the 

certified firm or individual who prepared the report for no fewer than 3 years. The certified firm 

or individual also shall provide copies of these reports to the building owner who contracted for 

its services.

[61 FR 45813, Aug. 29, 1996, as amended at 64 FR 42852, Aug. 6, 1999; 66 FR 1239, Jan. 5, 

2001; 69 FR 18496, Apr. 8, 2004]

§ 745.228 Accreditation of training programs: public and commercial buildings, bridges and 

superstructures. [Reserved]

§ 745.229 Certification of individuals and firms engaged in lead-based paint activities: public and 

commercial buildings, bridges and superstructures. [Reserved]

§ 745.230 Work practice standards for conducting lead-based paint activities: public and commercial 

buildings, bridges and superstructures. [Reserved]

§ 745.233 Lead-based paint activities requirements.

Lead-based paint activities, as defined in this part, shall only be conducted according to the 

procedures and work practice standards contained in §745.227 of this subpart. No individual or 

firm may offer to perform or perform any lead-based paint activity as defined in this part, unless 

certified to perform that activity according to the procedures in §745.226.

§ 745.235 Enforcement.

(a) Failure or refusal to comply with any requirement of §§745.225, 745.226, 745.227, or 

745.233 is a prohibited act under sections 15 and 409 of TSCA (15 U.S.C. 2614, 2689).

(b) Failure or refusal to establish, maintain, provide, copy, or permit access to records or reports 

as required by §§745.225, 745.226, or 745.227 is a prohibited act under sections 15 and 409 of 

TSCA (15 U.S.C. 2614, 2689).

(c) Failure or refusal to permit entry or inspection as required by §745.237 and section 11 of 

TSCA (15 U.S.C. 2610) is a prohibited act under sections 15 and 409 of TSCA (15 U.S.C. 2614, 

2689).

(d) In addition to the above, any individual or firm that performs any of the following acts shall 

be deemed to have committed a prohibited act under sections 15 and 409 of TSCA (15 U.S.C. 

2614, 2689). These include the following:

(i) Obtaining certification through fraudulent representation;

(ii) Failing to obtain certification from EPA and performing work requiring certification at a job 

site; or

(iii) Fraudulently obtaining certification and engaging in any lead-based paint activities requiring 

certification.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 79

(e) Violators are subject to civil and criminal sanctions pursuant to section 16 of TSCA (15 

U.S.C. 2615) for each violation.

§ 745.237 Inspections.

EPA may conduct reasonable inspections pursuant to the provisions of section 11 of TSCA (15 

U.S.C. 2610) to ensure compliance with this subpart.

§ 745.238 Fees for accreditation and certification of lead-based paint activities.

(a) Purpose. To establish and impose fees for certified individuals and firms engaged in leadbased paint activities and persons operating accredited training programs under section 402(a) of 

the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA).

(b) Persons who must pay fees. Fees in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section must be 

paid by:

(1) Training programs. (i) All non-exempt training programs applying to EPA for the 

accreditation and re-accreditation of training programs in one or more of the following 

disciplines: inspector, risk assessor, supervisor, project designer, abatement worker.

(ii) Exemptions. No fee shall be imposed on any training program operated by a State, federally 

recognized Indian Tribe, local government, or nonprofit organization. This exemption does not 

apply to the certification of firms or individuals.

(2) Firms and individuals. All firms and individuals seeking certification and re-certification 

from EPA to engage in lead-based paint activities in one or more of the following disciplines: 

inspector, risk assessor, supervisor, project designer, abatement worker.

(c) Fee amounts —(1) Certification and accreditation fees. Initial and renewal certification and 

accreditation fees are specified in the following table:

Training Program Accreditation

Re-accreditation (every 4 years, see 

40 CFR 745.225(f)(1) for details)

Initial Course

Inspector 

Risk assessor 

Supervisor 

Worker 

Project Designer 

 

$870

$870

$870

$870

$870

 

$620

$620

$620

$620

$620

Refresher Course

Inspector 

Risk assessor 

Supervisor 

Worker 

 

$690

$690

$690

$690

 

$580

$580

$580

$580
40 CFR 745 – Lead 80

Project Designer $690 $580

Lead-based Paint Activities—Individual Certification Re-certification (every 3 years, see 40 

CFR 745.226(e)(1) for details)

Inspector

Risk assessor

Supervisor

Worker

Project designer

Tribal certification (each discipline)

$410

$410

$410

$310

$410

$10

$410

$410

$410

$310

$410

$10

Lead-based Paint Activities—Firm Certification Re-certification (every 3 years, see 40 

CFR 745.226(f)(7) for details)

Firm $550 $550

Combined Renovation and Lead-based 

Paint Activities Firm Application

$550 $550

Combined Renovation and Lead-based 

Paint Activities Tribal Firm Application

$20 $20

Tribal Firm $20 $20

(2) Certification examination fee. Individuals required to take a certification exam in accordance 

with §745.226 will be assessed a fee of $70 for each exam attempt.

(3) Multi-jurisdiction registration fee. An individual, firm, or training program certified or 

accredited by EPA may wish to provide training or perform lead-based paint activities in 

additional EPA-administered jurisdictions. A fee of $35 per discipline will be assessed for each 

additional EPA-administered jurisdiction in which an individual, firm, or training program 

applies for certification/re-certification or accreditation/re-accreditation. For purposes of this 

multi-jurisdiction registration fee, an EPA-administered jurisdiction is either an individual state 

without an authorized program or all Indian Tribes without authorized programs that are within a 

given EPA Region.

(4) Lost identification card or certificate. A $15 fee shall be charged for replacement of an 

identification card or certificate. (See replacement procedure in paragraph (e) of this section.)

(d) Application/payment procedure —(1) Certification and re-certification in one or more EPAadministered jurisdiction —(i) Individuals. Submit a completed application (titled ―Application 

for Individuals to Conduct Lead-based Paint Activities‖), the materials described at §745.226,

and the application fee(s) described in paragraph (c) of this section.

(ii) Firms. Submit a completed application (titled ―Application for Firms ‖), the materials 

described at §745.226, and the application fee(s) described in paragraph (c) of this section.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 81

(2) Accreditation and re-accreditation in one or more EPA-administered jurisdiction. Submit a 

completed application (titled ―Accreditation Application for Training Programs‖), the materials 

described at §745.225, and the application fee described in paragraph (c) of this section.

(3) Application forms. Application forms and instructions can be obtained from the National 

Lead Information Center at: 1–800–424–LEAD.

(e) Identification card replacement and certificate replacement. (1) Parties seeking identification 

card or certificate replacement shall complete the applicable portions of the appropriate 

application in accordance with the instructions provided. The appropriate applications are:

(i) Individuals. ―Application for Individuals to Conduct Lead-based Paint Activities.‖

(ii) Firms. ―Application for Firms.‖

(iii) Training programs. ―Accreditation Application for Training Programs.‖

(2) Submit application and payment in the amount specified in paragraph (c)(4) of this section in 

accordance with the instructions provided with the application package.

(f) Adjustment of fees. (1) EPA will collect fees reflecting the costs associated with the 

administration and enforcement of subpart L of this part with the exception of costs associated 

with the accreditation of training programs operated by a State, federally recognized Indian 

Tribe, local government, and nonprofit organization. In order to do this, EPA will periodically 

adjust the fees to reflect changed economic conditions.

(2) The fees will be evaluated based on the cost to administer and enforce the program, and the 

number of applicants. New fee schedules will be published in theFederal Register.

(g) Failure to remit a fee. (1) EPA will not provide certification, re-certification, accreditation, or 

re-accreditation for any individual, firm, or training program which does not remit fees described 

in paragraph (c) of this section in accordance with the procedures specified in paragraph (d) of 

this section.

(2) EPA will not replace identification cards or certificates for any individual, firm, or training 

program which does not remit fees described in paragraph (c) of this section in accordance with 

the procedures specified in paragraph (e) of this section.

[64 FR 31098, June 9, 1999, as amended at 74 FR 11870, Mar. 20, 2009]

§ 745.239 Effective dates.

This subpart L shall apply in any State or Indian Country that does not have an authorized 

program under subpart Q, effective August 31, 1998. In such States or Indian Country:
40 CFR 745 – Lead 82

(a) Training programs shall not provide, offer or claim to provide training or refresher training 

for certification without accreditation from EPA pursuant to §745.225 on or after March 1, 1999.

(b) No individual or firm shall perform, offer, or claim to perform lead-based paint activities, as 

defined in this subpart, without certification from EPA to conduct such activities pursuant to 

§745.226 on or after March 1, 2000.

(c) All lead-based paint activities shall be performed pursuant to the work practice standards 

contained in §745.227 on or after March 1, 2000.

[61 FR 45813, Aug. 29, 1996, as amended at 64 FR 42852, Aug. 6, 1999]

Subparts M–P [Reserved]

Subpart Q—State and Indian Tribal Programs

Source: 61 FR 45825, Aug. 29, 1996, unless otherwise noted.

§ 745.320 Scope and purpose.

(a) This subpart establishes the requirements that State or Tribal programs must meet for 

authorization by the Administrator to administer and enforce the standards, regulations, or other 

requirements established under TSCA section 402 and/or section 406 and establishes the 

procedures EPA will follow in approving, revising, and withdrawing approval of State or Tribal 

programs.

(b) For State or Tribal lead-based paint training and certification programs, a State or Indian 

Tribe may seek authorization to administer and enforce §§745.225, 745.226, and 745.227. The 

provisions of §§745.220, 745.223, 745.233, 745.235, 745.237, and 745.239 shall be applicable 

for the purposes of such program authorization.

(c) A State or Indian Tribe may seek authorization to administer and enforce all of the provisions 

of subpart E of this part, just the pre-renovation education provisions of subpart E of this part, or 

just the training, certification, accreditation, and work practice provisions of subpart E of this 

part. The provisions of §§745.324 and 745.326 apply for the purposes of such program 

authorizations.

(d) A State or Indian Tribe applying for program authorization may seek either interim approval 

or final approval of the compliance and enforcement portion of the State or Tribal lead-based 

paint program pursuant to the procedures at §745.327(a).

(e) State or Tribal submissions for program authorization shall comply with the procedures set

out in this subpart.

(f) Any State or Tribal program approved by the Administrator under this subpart shall at all 

times comply with the requirements of this subpart.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 83

(g) In many cases States will lack authority to regulate activities in Indian Country. This lack of 

authority does not impair a State's ability to obtain full program authorization in accordance with 

this subpart. EPA will administer the program in Indian Country if neither the State nor Indian 

Tribe has been granted program authorization by EPA.

[61 FR 45825, Aug. 29, 1996, as amended at 73 FR 21767, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.323 Definitions.

The definitions in subpart A apply to this subpart. In addition, the definitions in §745.223 and the 

following definitions apply:

Indian Country means (1) all land within the limits of any American Indian reservation under the 

jurisdiction of the U.S. government, notwithstanding the issuance of any patent, and including 

rights-of-way running throughout the reservation; (2) all dependent Indian communities within 

the borders of the United States whether within the original or subsequently acquired territory 

thereof, and whether within or outside the limits of a State; and (3) all Indian allotments, the 

Indian titles which have not been extinguished, including rights-of-way running through the 

same.

Indian Tribe means any Indian Tribe, band, nation, or community recognized by the Secretary of 

the Interior and exercising substantial governmental duties and powers.

§ 745.324 Authorization of State or Tribal programs.

(a) Application content and procedures . (1) Any State or Indian Tribe that seeks authorization 

from EPA to administer and enforce the provisions of subpart E or subpart L of this part must 

submit an application to the Administrator in accordance with this paragraph.

(2) Before developing an application for authorization, a State or Indian Tribe shall disseminate a 

public notice of intent to seek such authorization and provide an opportunity for a public hearing.

(3) A State or Tribal application shall include:

(i) A transmittal letter from the State Governor or Tribal Chairperson (or equivalent official) 

requesting program approval.

(ii) A summary of the State or Tribal program. This summary will be used to provide notice to 

residents of the State or Tribe.

(iii) A description of the State or Tribal program in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section.

(iv) An Attorney General's or Tribal Counsel's (or equivalent) statement in accordance with 

paragraph (c) of this section.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 84

(v) Copies of all applicable State or Tribal statutes, regulations, standards, and other materials 

that provide the State or Indian Tribe with the authority to administer and enforce a lead-based 

paint program.

(4) After submitting an application, the Agency will publish aFederal Registernotice that 

contains an announcement of the receipt of the State or Tribal application, the summary of the 

program as provided by the State or Tribe, and a request for public comments to be mailed to the 

appropriate EPA Regional Office. This comment period shall last for no less than 45 days. EPA 

will consider these comments during its review of the State or Tribal application.

(5) Within 60 days of submission of a State or Tribal application, EPA will, if requested, conduct 

a public hearing in each State or Indian Country seeking program authorization and will consider 

all comments submitted at that hearing during the review of the State or Tribal application.

(b) Program description. A State or Indian Tribe seeking to administer and enforce a program 

under this subpart must submit a description of the program. The description of the State or 

Tribal program must include:

(1)(i) The name of the State or Tribal agency that is or will be responsible for administering and

enforcing the program, the name of the official in that agency designated as the point of contact 

with EPA, and addresses and phone numbers where this official can be contacted.

(ii) Where more than one agency is or will be responsible for administering and enforcing the 

program, the State or Indian Tribe must designate a primary agency to oversee and coordinate 

administration and enforcement of the program and serve as the primary contact with EPA.

(iii) In the event that more than one agency is or will be responsible for administering and 

enforcing the program, the application must also include a description of the functions to be 

performed by each agency. The desciption shall explain and how the program will be 

coordinated by the primary agency to ensure consistency and effective administration of the 

within the State or Indian Tribe.

(2) To demonstrate that the State or Tribal program is at least as protective as the Federal 

program, fulfilling the criteria in paragraph (e)(2)(i) of this section, the State or Tribal 

application must include:

(i) A description of the program that demonstrates that the program contains all of the elements 

specified in §745.325, §745.326, or both; and

(ii) An analysis of the State or Tribal program that compares the program to the Federal program 

in subpart E or subpart L of this part, or both. This analysis must demonstrate how the program 

is, in the State's or Indian Tribe's assessment, at least as protective as the elements in the Federal 

program at subpart E or subpart L of this part, or both. EPA will use this analysis to evaluate the 

protectiveness of the State or Tribal program in making its determination pursuant to paragraph 

(e)(2)(i) of this section.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 85

(3) To demonstrate that the State or Tribal program provides adequate enforcement, fulfilling the 

criteria in paragraph (e)(2)(ii) of this section, the State or Tribal application must include a 

description of the State or Tribal lead-based paint compliance and enforcement program that 

demonstrates that the program contains all of the elements specified at §745.327. This 

description shall include copies of all policies, certifications, plans, reports, and other materials 

that demonstrate that the State or Tribal program contains all of the elements specified at 

§745.327.

(4)(i) The program description for an Indian Tribe shall also include a map, legal description, or 

other information sufficient to identify the geographical extent of the territory over which the 

Indian Tribe exercises jurisdiction.

(ii) The program description for an Indian Tribe shall also include a demonstration that the 

Indian Tribe:

(A) Is recognized by the Secretary of the Interior.

(B) has an existing government exercising substantial governmental duties and powers.

(C) has adequate civil regulatory jurisdiction (as shown in the Tribal legal certification in 

paragraph (c)(2) of this section) over the subject matter and entities regulated.

(D) is reasonably expected to be capable of administering the Federal program for which it is 

seeking authorization.

(iii) If the Administrator has previously determined that an Indian Tribe has met the prerequisites 

in paragraphs (b)(4)(ii)(A) and (B) of this section for another EPA program, the Indian Tribe 

need provide only that information unique to the lead-based paint program required by 

paragraphs (b)(4)(ii)(C) and (D) of this section.

(c) Attorney General's statement. (1) A State or Indian Tribe must submit a written statement 

signed by the Attorney General or Tribal Counsel (or equivalent) certifying that the laws and 

regulations of the State or Indian Tribe provide adequate legal authority to administer and 

enforce the State or Tribal program. This statement shall include citations to the specific statutes 

and regulations providing that legal authority.

(2) The Tribal legal certification (the equivalent to the Attorney General's statement) may also be 

submitted and signed by an independent attorney retained by the Indian Tribe for representation 

in matters before EPA or the courts pertaining to the Indian Tribe's program. The certification 

shall include an assertion that the attorney has the authority to represent the Indian Tribe with 

respect to the Indian Tribe's authorization application.

(3) If a State application seeks approval of its program to operate in Indian Country, the required 

legal certification shall include an analysis of the applicant's authority to implement its 

provisions in Indian Country. The applicant shall include a map delineating the area over which 

it seeks to operate the program.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 86

(d) Program certification. (1) At the time of submitting an application, a State may also certify to 

the Administrator that the State program meets the requirements contained in paragraphs (e)(2)(i) 

and (e)(2)(ii) of this section.

(2) If this certification is contained in a State's application, the program shall be deemed to be 

authorized by EPA until such time as the Administrator disapproves the program application or 

withdraws the program authorization. A program shall not be deemed authorized pursuant to this 

subpart to the extent that jurisdiction is asserted over Indian Country, including non-member fee 

lands within an Indian reservation.

(3) If the application does not contain such certification, the State program will be authorized 

only after the Administrator authorizes the program in accordance with paragraph (e) of this 

section.

(4) This certification shall take the form of a letter from the Governor or the Attorney General to 

the Administrator. The certification shall reference the program analysis in paragraph (b)(3) of 

this section as the basis for concluding that the State program is at least as protective as the 

Federal program, and provides adequate enforcement.

(e) EPA approval. (1) EPA will fully review and consider all portions of a State or Tribal 

application.

(2) Within 180 days of receipt of a complete State or Tribal application, the Administrator shall 

either authorize the program or disapprove the application. The Administrator shall authorize the 

program, after notice and the opportunity for public comment and a public hearing, only if the 

Administrator finds that:

(i) The State or Tribal program is at least as protective of human health and the environment as 

the corresponding Federal program under subpart E or subpart L of this part, or both; and

(ii) The State or Tribal program provides adequate enforcement.

(3) EPA shall notify in writing the State or Indian Tribe of the Administrator's decision to 

authorize the State or Tribal program or disapprove the State's or Indian Tribe's application.

(4) If the State or Indian Tribe applies for authorization of State or Tribal programs under both 

subpart E and subpart L, EPA may, as appropriate, authorize one program and disapprove the 

other.

(f) EPA administration and enforcement. (1) If a State or Indian Tribe does not have an 

authorized program to administer and enforce subpart L of this part in effect by August 31, 1998, 

the Administrator shall, by such date, establish and enforce the provisions of subpart L of this 

part as the Federal program for that State or Indian Country.

(2) If a State or Indian Tribe does not have an authorized program to administer and enforce the 

pre-renovation education requirements of subpart E of this part by August 31, 1998, the 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 87

Administrator will, by such date, enforce those provisions of subpart E of this part as the Federal 

program for that State or Indian Country. If a State or Indian Tribe does not have an authorized 

program to administer and enforce the training, certification and accreditation requirements and 

work practice standards of subpart E of this part by April 22, 2009, the Administrator will, by 

such date, enforce those provisions of subpart E of this part as the Federal program for that State 

or Indian Country.

(3) Upon authorization of a State or Tribal program, pursuant to paragraph (d) or (e) of this 

section, it shall be an unlawful act under sections 15 and 409 of TSCA for any person to fail or 

refuse to comply with any requirements of such program.

(g) Oversight. EPA shall periodically evaluate the adequacy of a State's or Indian Tribe's 

implementation and enforcement of its authorized programs.

(h) Reports. Beginning 12 months after the date of program authorization, the primary agency for 

each State or Indian Tribe that has an authorized program shall submit a written report to the 

EPA Regional Administrator for the Region in which the State or Indian Tribe is located. This 

report shall be submitted at least once every 12 months for the first 3 years after program 

authorization. If these reports demonstrate successful program implementation, the Agency will 

automatically extend the reporting interval to every 2 years. If the subsequent reports 

demonstrate problems with implementation, EPA will require a return to annual reporting until 

the reports demonstrate successful program implementation, at which time the Agency will 

extend the reporting interval to every 2 years.

The report shall include the following information:

(1) Any significant changes in the content or administration of the State or Tribal program 

implemented since the previous reporting period; and

(2) All information regarding the lead-based paint enforcement and compliance activities listed 

at §745.327(d) ―Summary on Progress and Performance.‖

(i) Withdrawal of authorization. (1) If EPA concludes that a State or Indian Tribe is not 

administering and enforcing an authorized program in compliance with the standards, 

regulations, and other requirements of sections 401 through 412 of TSCA and this subpart, the 

Administrator shall notify the primary agency for the State or Indian Tribe in writing and 

indicate EPA's intent to withdraw authorization of the program.

(2) The Notice of Intent to Withdraw shall:

(i) Identify the program aspects that EPA believes are inadequate and provide a factual basis for 

such findings.

(ii) Include copies of relevant documents.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 88

(iii) Provide an opportunity for the State or Indian Tribe to respond either in writing or at a 

meeting with appropriate EPA officials.

(3) EPA may request that an informal conference be held between representatives of the State or 

Indian Tribe and EPA officials.

(4) Prior to issuance of a withdrawal, a State or Indian Tribe may request that EPA hold a public 

hearing. At this hearing, EPA, the State or Indian Tribe, and the public may present facts bearing 

on whether the State's or Indian Tribe's authorization should be withdrawn.

(5) If EPA finds that deficiencies warranting withdrawal did not exist or were corrected by the 

State or Indian Tribe, EPA may rescind its Notice of Intent to Withdraw authorization.

(6) Where EPA finds that deficiencies in the State or Tribal program exist that warrant 

withdrawal, an agreement to correct the deficiencies shall be jointly prepared by the State or 

Indian Tribe and EPA. The agreement shall describe the deficiencies found in the program, 

specify the steps the State or Indian Tribe has taken or will take to remedy the deficiencies, and 

establish a schedule, no longer than 180 days, for each remedial action to be initiated.

(7) If the State or Indian Tribe does not respond within 60 days of issuance of the Notice of 

Intent to Withdraw or an agreement is not reached within 180 days after EPA determines that a 

State or Indian Tribe is not in compliance with the Federal program, the Agency shall issue an 

order withdrawing the State's or Indian Tribe's authorization.

(8) By the date of such order, the Administrator will establish and enforce the provisions of 

subpart E or subpart L of this part, or both, as the Federal program for that State or Indian 

Country.

[61 FR 45825, Aug. 29, 1996, as amended at 73 FR 21767, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.325 Lead-based paint activities: State and Tribal program requirements.

(a) Program elements. To receive authorization from EPA, a State or Tribal program must 

contain at least the following program elements for lead-based paint activities:

(1) Procedures and requirements for the accreditation of lead-based paint activities training 

programs.

(2) Procedures and requirements for the certification of individuals engaged in lead-based paint 

activities.

(3) Work practice standards for the conduct of lead-based paint activities.

(4) Requirements that all lead-based paint activities be conducted by appropriately certified 

contractors.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 89

(5) Development of the appropriate infrastructure or government capacity to effectively carry out 

a State or Tribal program.

(b) Accreditation of training programs. The State or Indian Tribe must have either:

(1) Procedures and requirements for the accreditation of training programs that establish:

(i) Requirements for the accreditation of training programs, including but not limited to:

(A) Training curriculum requirements.

(B) Training hour requirements.

(C) Hands-on training requirements.

(D) Trainee competency and proficiency requirements.

(E) Requirements for training program quality control.

(ii) Procedures for the re-accreditation of training programs.

(iii) Procedures for the oversight of training programs.

(iv) Procedures for the suspension, revocation, or modification of training program 

accreditations; or

(2) Procedures or regulations, for the purposes of certification, for the acceptance of training 

offered by an accredited training provider in a State or Tribe authorized by EPA.

(c) Certification of individuals. The State or Indian Tribe must have requirements for the 

certification of individuals that:

(1) Ensure that certified individuals:

(i) Are trained by an accredited training program; and

(ii) Possess appropriate education or experience qualifications for certification.

(2) Establish procedures for re-certification.

(3) Require the conduct of lead-based paint activities in accordance with work practice standards 

established by the State or Indian Tribe.

(4) Establish procedures for the suspension, revocation, or modification of certifications.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 90

(5) Establish requirements and procedures for the administration of a third-party certification 

exam.

(d) Work practice standards for the conduct of lead-based paint activities. The State or Indian 

Tribe must have requirements or standards that ensure that lead-based paint activities are 

conducted reliably, effectively, and safely. At a minimum the State's or Indian Tribe's work 

practice standards for conducting inspections, risk assessments, and abatements must contain the 

requirements specified in paragraphs (d)(1), (d)(2), and (d)(3) of this section.

(1) The work practice standards for the inspection for the presence of lead-based paint must 

require that:

(i) Inspections are conducted only by individuals certified by the appropriate State or Tribal 

authority to conduct inspections.

(ii) Inspections are conducted in a way that identifies the presence of lead-based paint on painted 

surfaces within the interior or on the exterior of a residential dwelling or child-occupied facility.

(iii) Inspections are conducted in a way that uses documented methodologies that incorporate 

adequate quality control procedures.

(iv) A report is developed that clearly documents the results of the inspection.

(v) Records are retained by the certified inspector or the firm.

(2) The work practice standards for risk assessment must require that:

(i) Risk assessments are conducted only by individuals certified by the appropriate State or 

Tribal authority to conduct risk assessments.

(ii) Risk assessments are conducted in a way that identifies and reports the presence of leadbased paint hazards.

(iii) Risk assessments consist of, at least:

(A) An assessment, including a visual inspection, of the physical characteristics of the residential 

dwelling or child-occupied facility;

(B) Environmental sampling for lead in paint, dust, and soil;

(C) Environmental sampling requirements for lead in paint, dust, and soil that allow for 

comparison to the standards for lead-based paint hazards established or revised by the State or 

Indian Tribe pursuant to paragraph (e) of this section; and
40 CFR 745 – Lead 91

(D) A determination of the presence of lead-based paint hazards made by comparing the results 

of visual inspection and environmental sampling to the standards for lead-based paint hazards 

established or revised by the State or Indian Tribe pursuant to paragraph (e) of this section.

(iv) The program elements required in paragraph (d)(2)(iii)(C) and (d)(2)(iii)(D) of this section 

shall be adopted in accordance with the schedule for the demonstration required in paragraph (e) 

of this section.

(v) The risk assessor develops a report that clearly presents the results of the assessment and 

recommendations for the control or elimination of all identified hazards.

(vi) The certified risk assessor or the firm retains the appropriate records.

(3) The work practice standards for abatement must require that:

(i) Abatements are conducted only by individuals certified by the appropriate State or Tribal 

authority to conduct or supervise abatements.

(ii) Abatements permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards and are conducted in a way that 

does not increase the hazards of lead-based paint to the occupants of the dwelling or childoccupied facility.

(iii) Abatements include post-abatement lead in dust clearance sampling and conformance with 

clearance levels established or adopted by the State or Indian Tribe.

(iv) The abatement contractor develops a report that describes areas of the residential dwelling or 

child-occupied facility abated and the techniques employed.

(v) The certified abatement contractor or the firm retains appropriate records.

(e) The State or Indian Tribe must demonstrate that it has standards for identifying lead-based 

paint hazards and clearance standards for dust, that are at least as protective as the standards in 

§745.227 as amended on February 5, 2001. A State or Indian Tribe with such a section 402 

program approved before February 5, 2003 shall make this demonstration no later than the first 

report submitted pursuant to §745.324(h) on or after February 5, 2003. A State or Indian Tribe 

with such a program submitted but not approved before February 5, 2003 may make this 

demonstration by amending its application or in its first report submitted pursuant to 

§745.324(h). A State or Indian Tribe submitting its program on or after February 5, 2003 shall 

make this demonstration in its application.

[61 FR 45825, Aug. 29, 1996, as amended at 66 FR 1240, Jan. 5, 2001]

§ 745.326 Renovation: State and Tribal program requirements.

(a) Program elements . To receive authorization from EPA, a State or Tribal program must 

contain the following program elements:
40 CFR 745 – Lead 92

(1) For pre-renovation education programs, procedures and requirements for the distribution of 

lead hazard information to owners and occupants of target housing and child-occupied facilities 

before renovations for compensation.

(2) For renovation training, certification, accreditation, and work practice standards programs:

(i) Procedures and requirements for the accreditation of renovation and dust sampling technician 

training programs.

(ii) Procedures and requirements for the certification of renovators and dust sampling 

technicians.

(iii) Procedures and requirements for the certification of individuals and/or firms.

(iv) Requirements that all renovations be conducted by appropriately certified individuals and/or 

firms.

(v) Work practice standards for the conduct of renovations.

(3) For all renovation programs, development of the appropriate infrastructure or government 

capacity to effectively carry out a State or Tribal program.

(b) Pre-renovation education . To be considered at least as protective as the Federal program, the 

State or Tribal program must:

(1) Establish clear standards for identifying renovation activities that trigger the information 

distribution requirements.

(2) Establish procedures for distributing the lead hazard information to owners and occupants of 

housing and child-occupied facilities prior to renovation activities.

(3) Require that the information to be distributed include either the pamphlet titled Renovate 

Right: Important Lead Hazard Information for Families, Child Care Providers and Schools, 

developed by EPA under section 406(a) of TSCA, or an alternate pamphlet or package of lead 

hazard information that has been submitted by the State or Tribe, reviewed by EPA, and 

approved by EPA for that State or Tribe. Such information must contain renovation-specific 

information similar to that in Renovate Right: Important Lead Hazard Information for Families, 

Child Care Providers and Schools, must meet the content requirements prescribed by section 

406(a) of TSCA, and must be in a format that is readable to the diverse audience of housing and 

child-occupied facility owners and occupants in that State or Tribe.

(i) A State or Tribe with a pre-renovation education program approved before June 23, 2008, 

must demonstrate that it meets the requirements of this section no later than the first report that it 

submits pursuant to §745.324(h) on or after April 22, 2009.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 93

(ii) A State or Tribe with an application for approval of a pre-renovation education program 

submitted but not approved before June 23, 2008, must demonstrate that it meets the 

requirements of this section either by amending its application or in the first report that it submits 

pursuant to §745.324(h) of this part on or after April 22, 2009.

(iii) A State or Indian Tribe submitting its application for approval of a pre-renovation education 

program on or after June 23, 2008, must demonstrate in its application that it meets the 

requirements of this section.

(c) Accreditation of training programs . To be considered at least as protective as the Federal 

program, the State or Tribal program must meet the requirements of either paragraph (c)(1) or 

(c)(2) of this section:

(1) The State or Tribal program must establish accreditation procedures and requirements, 

including:

(i) Procedures and requirements for the accreditation of training programs, including, but not 

limited to:

(A) Training curriculum requirements.

(B) Training hour requirements.

(C) Hands-on training requirements.

(D) Trainee competency and proficiency requirements.

(E) Requirements for training program quality control.

(ii) Procedures and requirements for the re-accreditation of training programs.

(iii) Procedures for the oversight of training programs.

(iv) Procedures and standards for the suspension, revocation, or modification of training program 

accreditations; or

(2) The State or Tribal program must establish procedures and requirements for the acceptance of 

renovation training offered by training providers accredited by EPA or a State or Tribal program 

authorized by EPA under this subpart.

(d) Certification of renovator s. To be considered at least as protective as the Federal program, 

the State or Tribal program must:

(1) Establish procedures and requirements for individual certification that ensure that certified 

renovators are trained by an accredited training program.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 94

(2) Establish procedures and requirements for re-certification.

(3) Establish procedures for the suspension, revocation, or modification of certifications.

(e) Work practice standards for renovations . To be considered at least as protective as the 

Federal program, the State or Tribal program must establish standards that ensure that 

renovations are conducted reliably, effectively, and safely. At a minimum, the State or Tribal 

program must contain the following requirements:

(1) Renovations must be conducted only by certified contractors.

(2) Renovations are conducted using lead-safe work practices that are at least as protective to 

occupants as the requirements in § 745.85.

(3) Certified contractors must retain appropriate records.

[73 FR 21768, Apr. 22, 2008]

§ 745.327 State or Indian Tribal lead-based paint compliance and enforcement programs.

(a) Approval of compliance and enforcement programs. A State or Indian Tribe seeking 

authorization of a lead-based paint program can apply for and receive either interim or final 

approval of the compliance and enforcement program portion of its lead-based paint program. 

Indian Tribes are not required to exercise criminal enforcement jurisdiction as a condition for 

program authorization.

(1) Interim approval. Interim approval of the compliance and enforcement program portion of 

the State or Tribal lead-based paint program may be granted by EPA only once, and subject to a 

specific expiration date.

(i) To be considered adequate for purposes of obtaining interim approval for the compliance and 

enforcement program portion of a State or Tribal lead-based paint program, a State or Indian 

Tribe must, in its application described at §745.324(a):

(A) Demonstrate it has the legal authority and ability to immediately implement the elements in 

paragraph (b) of this section. This demonstration shall include a statement that the State or Indian 

Tribe, during the interim approval period, shall carry out a level of compliance monitoring and 

enforcement necessary to ensure that the State or Indian Tribe addresses any significant risks 

posed by noncompliance with lead-based paint activity requirements.

(B) Present a plan with time frames identified for implementing in the field each element in 

paragraph (c) of this section. All elements of paragraph (c) of this section must be fully 

implemented no later than 3 years from the date of EPA's interim approval of the compliance and 

enforcement program portion of a State or Tribal lead-based paint program. A statement of 

resources must be included in the State or Tribal plan which identifies what resources the State 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 95

or Indian Tribe intends to devote to the administration of its lead-based paint compliance and 

enforcement program.

(C) Agree to submit to EPA the Summary on Progress and Performance of lead-based paint 

compliance and enforcement activities as described at paragraph (d) of this section.

(ii) Any interim approval granted by EPA for the compliance and enforcement program portion 

of a State or Tribal lead-based paint program will expire no later than 3 years from the date of 

EPA's interim approval. One hundred and eighty days prior to this expiration date, a State or 

Indian Tribe shall apply to EPA for final approval of the compliance and enforcement program 

portion of a State or Tribal lead-based paint program. Final approval shall be given to any State 

or Indian Tribe which has in place all of the elements of paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this 

section. If a State or Indian Tribe does not receive final approval for the compliance and 

enforcement program portion of a State or Tribal lead-based paint program by the date 3 years 

after the date of EPA's interim approval, the Administrator shall, by such date, initiate the 

process to withdraw the State or Indian Tribe's authorization pursuant to §745.324(i).

(2) Final approval. Final approval of the compliance and enforcement program portion of a State 

or Tribal lead-based paint program can be granted by EPA either through the application process 

described at §745.324(a), or, for States or Indian Tribes which previously received interim 

approval as described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section, through a separate application 

addressing only the compliance and enforcement program portion of a State or Tribal lead-based 

paint program.

(i) For the compliance and enforcement program to be considered adequate for final approval 

through the application described at §745.324(a), a State or Indian Tribe must, in its application:

(A) Demonstrate it has the legal authority and ability to immediately implement the elements in 

paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.

(B) Submit a statement of resources which identifies what resources the State or Indian Tribe 

intends to devote to the administration of its lead-based paint compliance and enforcement 

program.

(C) Agree to submit to EPA the Summary on Progress and Performance of lead-based paint 

compliance and enforcement activities as described at paragraph (d) of this section.

(ii) For States or Indian Tribes which previously received interim approval as described in 

paragraph (a)(1) of this section, in order for the State or Tribal compliance and enforcement 

program to be considered adequate for final approval through a separate application addressing 

only the compliance and enforcement program portion of a State or Tribal lead-based paint 

program, a State or Indian Tribe must, in its application:

(A) Demonstrate that it has the legal authority and ability to immediately implement the elements 

in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 96

(B) Submit a statement which identifies the resources the State or Indian Tribe intends to devote 

to the administration of its lead-based paint compliance and enforcement program.

(C) Agree to submit to EPA the Summary on Progress and Performance of lead-based paint 

compliance and enforcement activities as described at paragraph (d) of this section.

(D) To the extent not previously submitted through the application described at §745.324(a), 

submit copies of all applicable State or Tribal statutes, regulations, standards, and other material 

that provide the State or Indian Tribe with authority to administer and enforce the lead-based 

paint compliance and enforcement program, and copies of the policies, certifications, plans, 

reports, and any other documents that demonstrate that the program meets the requirements 

established in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.

(b) Standards, regulations, and authority. The standards, regulations, and authority described in 

paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4) of this section are part of the required elements for the 

compliance and enforcement portion of a State or Tribal lead-based paint program.

(1) Lead-based paint activities and requirements. State or Tribal lead-based paint compliance 

and enforcement programs will be considered adequate if the State or Indian Tribe demonstrates, 

in its application at §745.324(a), that it has established a lead-based paint program containing the 

following requirements:

(i) Accreditation of training programs as described at §745.325(b).

(ii) Certification of individuals engaged in lead-based paint activities as described at 

§745.325(c).

(iii) Standards for the conduct of lead-based paint activities as described at §745.325(d); and, as 

appropriate,

(iv) Requirements that regulate the conduct of renovation activities as described at §745.326.

(2) Authority to enter. State or Tribal officials must be able to enter, through consent, warrant, or 

other authority, premises or facilities where lead-based paint activities violations may occur for 

purposes of conducting inspections.

(i) State or Tribal officials must be able to enter premises or facilities where those engaged in 

training for lead-based paint activities conduct business.

(ii) For the purposes of enforcing a renovation program, State or Tribal officials must be able to 

enter a firm's place of business or work site.

(iii) State or Tribal officials must have authority to take samples and review records as part of the 

lead-based paint activities inspection process.
40 CFR 745 – Lead 97

(3) Flexible remedies. A State or Tribal lead-based paint compliance and enforcement program 

must provide for a diverse and flexible array of enforcement remedies. At a minimum, the 

remedies that must be reflected in an enforcement response policy must include the following:

(i) Warning letters, Notices of Noncompliance, Notices of Violation, or the equivalent;

(ii) Administrative or civil actions, including penalty authority (e.g., accreditation or certification 

suspension, revocation, or modification); and

(iii) Authority to apply criminal sanctions or other criminal authority using existing State or 

Tribal laws, as applicable.

(4) Adequate resources. An application must include a statement that identifies the resources that 

will be devoted by the State or Indian Tribe to the administration of the State or Tribal leadbased paint compliance and enforcement program. This statement must address fiscal and 

personnel resources that will be devoted to the program.

(c) Performance elements. The performance elements described in paragraphs (c)(1) through 

(c)(7) of this section are part of the required elements for the compliance and enforcement 

program portion of a State or Tribal lead-based paint program.

(1) Training. A State or Tribal lead-based paint compliance and enforcement program must 

implement a process for training enforcement and inspection personnel and ensure that 

enforcement personnel and inspectors are well trained. Enforcement personnel must understand 

case development procedures and the maintenance of proper case files. Inspectors must 

successfully demonstrate knowledge of the requirements of the particular discipline (e.g., 

abatement supervisor, and/or abatement worker, and/or lead-based paint inspector, and/or risk 

assessor, and/or project designer) for which they have compliance monitoring and enforcement 

responsibilities. Inspectors must also be trained in violation discovery, methods of obtaining 

consent, evidence gathering, preservation of evidence and chain-of-custody, and sampling 

procedures. A State or Tribal lead-based paint compliance and enforcement program must also 

implement a process for the continuing education of enforcement and inspection personnel.

(2) Compliance assistance. A State or Tribal lead-based paint compliance and enforcement 

program must provide compliance assistance to the public and the regulated community to 

facilitate awareness and understanding of and compliance with State or Tribal requirements 

governing the conduct of lead-based paint activities. The type and nature of this assistance can be 

defined by the State or Indian Tribe to achieve this goal.

(3) Sampling techniques. A State or Tribal lead-based paint compliance and enforcement 

program must have the technological capability to ensure compliance with the lead-based paint 

program requirements. A State or Tribal application for approval of a lead-based paint program 

must show that the State or Indian Tribe is technologically capable of conducting a lead-based 

paint compliance and enforcement program. The State or Tribal program must have access to the 

facilities and equipment necessary to perform sampling and laboratory analysis as needed. This 

laboratory facility must be a recognized laboratory as defined at §745.223, or the State or Tribal 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 98

program must implement a quality assurance program that ensures appropriate quality of 

laboratory personnel and protects the integrity of analytical data.

(4) Tracking tips and complaints. A State or Tribal lead-based paint compliance and enforcement 

program must demonstrate the ability to process and react to tips and complaints or other 

information indicating a violation.

(5) Targeting inspections. A State or Tribal lead-based paint compliance and enforcement 

program must demonstrate the ability to target inspections to ensure compliance with the leadbased paint program requirements. Such targeting must include a method for obtaining and using 

notifications of commencement of abatement activities.

(6) Follow up to inspection reports. A State or Tribal lead-based paint compliance and 

enforcement program must demonstrate the ability to reasonably, and in a timely manner, 

process and follow-up on inspection reports and other information generated through 

enforcement-related activities associated with a lead-based paint program. The State or Tribal 

program must be in a position to ensure correction of violations and, as appropriate, effectively 

develop and issue enforcement remedies/responses to follow up on the identification of 

violations.

(7) Compliance monitoring and enforcement. A State or Tribal lead-based paint compliance and 

enforcement program must demonstrate, in its application for approval, that it is in a position to 

implement a compliance monitoring and enforcement program. Such a compliance monitoring 

and enforcement program must ensure correction of violations, and encompass either planned 

and/or responsive lead-based paint compliance inspections and development/issuance of State or 

Tribal enforcement responses which are appropriate to the violations.

(d) Summary on Progress and Performance. The Summary on Progress and Performance 

described below is part of the required elements for the compliance and enforcement program 

portion of a State or Tribal lead-based paint program. A State or Tribal lead-based paint 

compliance and enforcement program must submit to the appropriate EPA Regional 

Administrator a report which summarizes the results of implementing the State or Tribal leadbased paint compliance and enforcement program, including a summary of the scope of the 

regulated community within the State or Indian Tribe (which would include the number of 

individuals and firms certified in lead-based paint activities and the number of training programs 

accredited), the inspections conducted, enforcement actions taken, compliance assistance 

provided, and the level of resources committed by the State or Indian Tribe to these activities. 

The report shall be submitted according to the requirements at §745.324(h).

(e) Memorandum of Agreement. An Indian Tribe that obtains program approval must establish a 

Memorandum of Agreement with the Regional Administrator. The Memorandum of Agreement 

shall be executed by the Indian Tribe's counterpart to the State Director (e.g., the Director of 

Tribal Environmental Office, Program or Agency). The Memorandum of Agreement must 

include provisions for the timely and appropriate referral to the Regional Administrator for those 

criminal enforcement matters where that Indian Tribe does not have the authority (e.g., those 

addressing criminal violations by non-Indians or violations meriting penalties over $5,000). The 
40 CFR 745 – Lead 99

Agreement must also identify any enforcement agreements that may exist between the Indian 

Tribe and any State.

(f) Electronic reporting under State or Indian Tribe programs. States and tribes that choose to 

receive electronic documents under the authorized state or Indian tribe lead-based paint program, 

must ensure that the requirements of 40 CFR part 3—(Electronic reporting) are satisfied in their 

lead-based paint program.

[61 FR 45825, Aug. 29, 1996, as amended at 70 FR 59889, Oct. 13, 2005; 73 FR 21769, Apr. 22, 

2008]

§ 745.339 Effective date.

States and Indian Tribes may seek authorization to administer and enforce subpart L of this part 

pursuant to this subpart at any time. tates and Indian Tribes may seek authorization to administer 

and enforce the pre-renovation education provisions of subpart E of this part pursuant to this 

subpart at any time. States and Indian Tribes may seek authorization to administer and enforce 

all of subpart E of this part pursuant to this subpart effective June 23, 2008.

[73 FR 21769, Apr. 22, 2008]