II 

109TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. 1315 

To require a report on progress toward the Millennium Development Goals, 

and for other purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

JUNE 27, 2005 

Mr. LUGAR introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred 

to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

A BILL

To require a report on progress toward the Millennium 

Development Goals, and for other purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘International Coopera5 tion to Meet the Millennium Development Goals Act of 

6 2005’’. 

7 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

8 Congress makes the following findings: 

9 (1) At the United Nations Millennium Summit 

10 in 2000, the United States joined more than 180 
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1 other countries in committing to work toward goals 

2 to improve life for the world’s poorest people by 

3 2015. 

4 (2) Such goals include reducing the proportion 

of people living on less than $1 per day by 1 5 ⁄2, reducing child mortality by 2 6 ⁄3, and assuring basic 

7 education for all children, while sustaining the envi8 ronment upon which human life depends. 

9 (3) At the 2002 International Conference on 

10 Financing for Development, the United States rep11 resentative reiterated the support of the United 

12 States for the Millennium Development Goals and 

13 advocated, along with other international partici14 pants, for a stronger focus on measurable outcomes 

15 derived from a global partnership between developed 

16 and developing countries. 

17 (4) On March 22, 2002, President Bush stated, 

18 ‘‘We fight against poverty because hope is an answer 

19 to terror. We fight against poverty because oppor20 tunity is a fundamental right to human dignity. We 

21 fight against poverty because faith requires it and 

22 conscience demands it. We fight against poverty 

23 with a growing conviction that major progress is 

24 within our reach.’’. 
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1 (5) The 2002 National Security Strategy of the 

2 United States notes that ‘‘a world where some live 

3 in comfort and plenty, while half of the human race 

4 lives on less than $2 per day, is neither just nor sta5 ble. Including all of the world’s poor in an expanding 

6 circle of development and opportunity is a moral im7 perative and one of the top priorities of U.S. inter8 national policy’’. 

9 (6) The National Commission on Terrorist At10 tacks Upon the United States concluded that the 

11 Government of the United States must offer an ex12 ample of moral leadership in the world and offer 

13 parents and their children a vision of the future that 

14 emphasizes individual educational and economic op15 portunity as essential to the efforts of the United 

16 States to defeat global terrorism. 

17 (7) The summit of the Group of Eight sched18 uled for July 2005, the United Nations summit 

19 scheduled for September 2005, and the Sixth Min20 isterial Conference of the World Trade Organization 

21 scheduled for December 2005 will provide opportuni22 ties to measure and continue to pursue progress on 

23 the Millennium Development Goals. 

24 (8) The summit of the Group of Eight sched25 uled for July 6 through July 8, 2005, in Gleneagles, 
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1 Scotland, will bring together the countries that can 

2 make the greatest contribution to alleviating extreme 

3 poverty in Africa, the region of the world where ex4 treme poverty is most prevalent. 

5 (9) On June 11, 2005, the United States 

6 helped secure the agreement of the Group of Eight 

7 Finance Ministers to cancel 100 percent of the debt 

8 obligations owed to the World Bank, African Devel9 opment Bank, and International Monetary Fund by 

10 countries that are eligible for debt relief under the 

11 Highly Indebted Poor Countries Initiative, the initia12 tive established in 1996 by the World Bank and the 

13 International Monetary Fund for the purpose of re14 ducing the debt burdens of the world’s poorest coun15 tries, or under the Enhanced HIPC Initiative, as de16 fined in section 1625 of the International Financial 

17 Institutions Act (22 U.S.C. 262p–8), which are poor 

18 countries that are on the path to reform. 

19 (10) The report prepared by the Commission 

20 for Africa and issued by Prime Minister Tony Blair 

21 on March 11, 2005, entitled ‘‘Our Common Inter22 est’’, called for coherence and coordination in the de23 velopment of an overarching package of actions to be 

24 carried out by the countries of Africa and the inter25 national community to address the complex inter-
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1 locking issues that challenge the continent, many of 

2 which have already been addressed individually in 

3 previous summits and under the Africa Action Plan 

4 enacted by the Group of Eight. 

5 (11) The United States has recognized the need 

6 for strengthened economic and trade opportunities, 

7 as well as increased financial and technical assist8 ance to Africa and other countries burdened by ex9 treme poverty, through significant initiatives in re10 cent years, including— 

11 (A) the African Growth and Opportunity 

12 Act (19 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) that has opened 

13 United States markets to thousands of products 

14 from Africa; 

15 (B) the President’s Emergency Plan for 

16 AIDS Relief developed under section 101 of the 

17 United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, 

18 Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 (22 

19 U.S.C. 7611), the major focus of which has 

20 been on African countries; 

21 (C) the Millennium Challenge Corporation 

22 established under section 604 of the Millennium 

23 Challenge Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7703) that is 

24 in the process of committing new and signifi25 cant levels of assistance to countries, including 
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1 countries in Africa, that are poor but show 

2 great promise for boosting economic growth and 

3 bettering the lives of their people; and 

4 (D) the United States has canceled 100 

5 percent of the bilateral debt owed to the Untied 

6 States by countries eligible for debt relief under 

7 the Enhanced HIPC Initiative. 

8 (12) The report prepared by the Commission 

9 for Africa entitled ‘‘Our Common Interest’’ includes 

10 the following findings: 

11 (A) The people of Africa must demonstrate 

12 the leadership necessary to address the govern13 ance challenges they face, setting priorities that 

14 ensure the development of effective civil and po15 lice services, independent judiciaries, and strong 

16 parliaments, all of which reinforce a stable and 

17 predictable economic environment attractive to 

18 investment. 

19 (B) Many leaders in Africa have pursued 

20 personal self-interest rather than national goals, 

21 a tendency that has been in some instances ex22 acerbated and abetted by the manipulation of 

23 foreign governments pursuing their own agenda 

24 in the region to the detriment of the people of 

25 Africa. 
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1 (C) More violent conflict has occurred in 

2 Africa during the period between 1965 and 

3 2005 than occurred in any other continent dur4 ing that period, and the countries of Africa 

5 must engage on the individual, national, and re6 gional level to prevent and manage conflict. 

7 (D) The capacity to trade is constrained by 

8 a derelict or nonexistent infrastructure in most 

9 African countries as well as by the double-edged 

10 sword of tariff and nontariff barriers to trade 

11 that complicate markets and discourage invest12 ment both within and beyond the continent. 

13 (E) The local resources for investment in 

14 people and the institutions necessary for good 

15 governance have been squandered, misappro16 priated, and, to an increasingly devastating ef17 fect, spent on servicing debt to the developed 

18 world. Such resources should be reoriented to 

19 serve the needs of the people through the use 

20 of debt forgiveness and support for institutional 

21 reform and internal capacity building. 

22 (F) Failing to prevent conflict in Africa re23 sults in incalculable costs to African develop24 ment and expense to the international commu25 nity and the investment in preventing conflict is 
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1 a fraction of such costs and expenses, in 

2 human, security, and financial terms. 

3 (G) Despite difficulties, there is optimism 

4 and energy reflected in the scope of activities of 

5 individuals such as 2004 Nobel Peace Prize re6 cipient, Wangari Maathai, as well as those of 

7 improved regional organizations such as the Af8 rican Union and the New Partnership for Eco9 nomic Development’s Peer Review Mechanism, 

10 and subregional entities such as the Economic 

11 Community of West African States, the Inter12 Governmental Authority on Development, and 

13 the potential of the Southern African Develop14 ment Community. 

15 (H) Political reform in Africa has pro16 duced results. For example, while in 1985 coun17 tries of sub-Saharan Africa ruled by dictators 

18 were the norm, by 2005 dictatorships are a mi19 nority and democracy has new life with govern20 ments chosen by the people increasing fourfold 

21 since 1991. 

22 (13) The report prepared by the Commission 

23 for Africa entitled ‘‘Our Common Interest’’ includes 

24 the following recommendations: 
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1 (A) At this vital moment when 

2 globalization and growth, technology and trade, 

3 and mutual security concerns allow, and com4 mon humanity demands, a substantial tangible 

5 and coherent package of actions should imme6 diately be taken by the international commu7 nity, led by the most industrialized countries, in 

8 partnership with the countries of Africa, to ad9 dress the poverty and underdevelopment of the 

10 African continent. 

11 (B) The people of Africa must take respon12 sibility and show courageous leadership in ad13 dressing problems and taking ownership of solu14 tions as the means for ensuring sustainable de15 velopment, while implementing governance re16 form as an underlying prerequisite for foreign 

17 assistance effectiveness. 

18 (C) Each developed country has unique 

19 strengths and capacity to add value to a com20 prehensive assistance plan and should join their 

21 individual efforts to a coherent whole that is 

22 more efficient and responsive to Africa and the 

23 people of Africa. 

24 (D) The international community must 

25 honor existing commitments to strengthen Afri-
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1 can peacekeeping capacity and go beyond those 

2 commitments to invest in more effective preven3 tion and nonmilitary means to resolve conflict 

4 through such regional organizations as the Afri5 can Union and the subregional Economic Com6 munity for West African States. 

7 (E) A massive investment in physical in8 frastructure should be made to support com9 merce, extend governance, and provide opportu10 nities for education, healthcare, investment and 

11 growth. 

12 (F) Donors and the governments of the 

13 countries of Africa should devote substantial in14 vestment in the men and women of Africa 

15 through the education and health sectors, ena16 bling and extending recent gains made to reach 

17 far more broadly into remote regions. 

18 (G) The public sector should actively en19 gage the private sector in driving growth 

20 through partnerships by reforming the laws, bu21 reaucracy, and infrastructure necessary to 

22 maintain a climate that fosters investment by 

23 developing public-private centers of excellence to 

24 pursue such reforms. 
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1 (H) The countries of Africa must maxi2 mize the participation of women in both busi3 ness and government, protect the rights of 

4 women, and work to increase the number of 

5 women in leadership positions so as to cap6 italize on the ability of women to deliver scarce 

7 resources effectively and fairly. 

8 (I) The international community must 

9 work together to dismantle trade barriers, in10 cluding the immediate elimination of trade-dis11 torting commodity support. 

12 (J) International donors should strengthen 

13 multilateral institutions in Africa to respond 

14 appropriately to local and regional crises as well 

15 as to promote economic development and ensure 

16 the people of Africa are granted a stronger 

17 voice in international forums. 

18 (K) The international community must 

19 join in providing creative incentives for commer20 cial firms to research and develop products that 

21 improve water, sanitation, health, and the envi22 ronment in ways that would dramatically reduce 

23 suffering and increase productive life-spans in 

24 Africa. 
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1 SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 

2 In this Act: 

3 (1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT4 TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com5 mittees’’ means the Committee on Foreign Relations 

6 of the Senate and the Committee on International 

7 Relations of the House of Representatives. 

8 (2) GROUP OF EIGHT.—The term ‘‘Group of 

9 Eight’’ means the forum for addressing international 

10 economic, political, and social issues attended by 

11 representatives of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, 

12 Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United 

13 States. 

14 (3) MILLENNIUMDEVELOPMENT GOALS.—The 

15 term ‘‘Millennium Development Goals’’ means the 

16 goals set out in United Nations Millennium Declara17 tion, resolution 55/1 adopted by the General Assem18 bly of the United Nations on September 8, 2000. 

19 SEC. 4. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 

20 It is the sense of Congress that— 

21 (1) the President should continue to provide the 

22 leadership necessary at the summit of the Group of 

23 Eight scheduled for July 2005 at Gleneagles, Scot24 land, to encourage other countries to develop a true 

25 partnership to pursue the Millennium Development 

26 Goals; 
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1 (2) the President should urge the Group of 

2 Eight to consider the findings and recommendations 

3 contained in the report prepared by the Commission 

4 for Africa entitled ‘‘Our Common Interest’’, as a 

5 fundamental guide on which to base their planning, 

6 in partnership with the nations of Africa, for the de7 velopment of Africa; 

8 (3) the Group of Eight, as well as governments 

9 of the countries of Africa and regional organizations 

10 of such governments, should reaffirm and honor the 

11 commitments made in the Africa Action Plan en12 acted by the Group of Eight in previous years; and 

13 (4) the international community should pursue 

14 further progress toward achieving the Millennium 

15 Development Goals at the summit of the Group of 

16 Eight scheduled for July 2005, the United Nations 

17 summit scheduled for September 2005, and the 

18 Sixth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Or19 ganization scheduled for December 2005. 

20 SEC. 5. REPORT. 

21 (a) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 60 days after the 

22 date of the conclusion of the World Trade Organization 

23 Ministerial meeting in Hong Kong that is scheduled to be 

24 held December 13 through December 18, 2005, the Sec25 retary of State in consultation with other appropriate 
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1 United States and international agencies shall submit a 

2 report to the appropriate congressional committees on the 

3 progress the international community is making toward 

4 achieving the Millennium Development Goals. 

5 (b) CONTENT.—The report required by subsection 

6 (a) shall include the following: 

7 (1) A review of the commitments made by the 

8 United States and other members of the inter9 national community at the summit of the Group of 

10 Eight scheduled for July 2005, the United Nations 

11 summit scheduled for September 2005, and the 

12 Sixth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Or13 ganization scheduled for December 2005, that per14 tain to the ability of the developing world to achieve 

15 the Millennium Development Goals. 

16 (2) A review of United States policies and 

17 progress toward achieving the Millennium Develop18 ment Goals by 2015, as well as policies to provide 

19 continued leadership in achieving such goals by 

20 2015. 

21 (3) An evaluation of the contributions of other 

22 national and international actors in achieving the 

23 Millennium Development Goals by 2015. 
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1 (4) An assessment of the likelihood that the 

2 Millennium Development Goals will be achieved. 

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