PUBLIC LAW 110–358—OCT. 8, 2008 122 STAT. 4001 

Public Law 110–358 

110th Congress 

An Act 

To amend title 18, United States Code, to provide for more effective prosecution 

of cases involving child pornography, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 

the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

SECTION 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

The table of contents for this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Table of contents. 

TITLE I—EFFECTIVE CHILD PORNOGRAPHY PROSECUTION ACT OF 2007 

Sec. 102. Findings. 

Sec. 103. Clarifying ban of child pornography. 

TITLE II—ENHANCING THE EFFECTIVE PROSECUTION OF CHILD 

PORNOGRAPHY ACT OF 2007 

Sec. 201. Short title. 

Sec. 202. Money laundering predicate. 

Sec. 203. Knowingly accessing child pornography with the intent to view child pornography. 

TITLE I—EFFECTIVE CHILD PORNOGRAPHY PROSECUTION ACT OF 2007 

SEC. 101. SHORT TITLE. 

This title may be cited as the ‘‘Effective Child Pornography 

Prosecution Act of 2007’’. 

SEC. 102. FINDINGS. 

Congress finds the following: 

(1) Child pornography is estimated to be a multibillion 

dollar industry of global proportions, facilitated by the growth 

of the Internet. 

(2) Data has shown that 83 percent of child pornography 

possessors had images of children younger than 12 years old, 

39 percent had images of children younger than 6 years old, 

and 19 percent had images of children younger than 3 years 

old. 

(3) Child pornography is a permanent record of a child’s 

abuse and the distribution of child pornography images revictimizes the child each time the image is viewed. 

(4) Child pornography is readily available through virtually 

every Internet technology, including Web sites, email, instant 

18 USC 2251 

note. 

18 USC 1 note. 

Effective Child 

Pornography 

Prosecution 

Act of 2007. 

Oct. 8, 2008 

[H.R. 4120] 


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122 STAT. 4002 PUBLIC LAW 110–358—OCT. 8, 2008 

messaging, Internet Relay Chat, newsgroups, bulletin boards, 

and peer-to-peer. 

(5) The technological ease, lack of expense, and anonymity 

in obtaining and distributing child pornography over the Internet has resulted in an explosion in the multijurisdictional distribution of child pornography. 

(6) The Internet is well recognized as a method of distributing goods and services across State lines. 

(7) The transmission of child pornography using the Internet constitutes transportation in interstate commerce. 

SEC. 103. CLARIFYING BAN OF CHILD PORNOGRAPHY. 

(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 110 of title 18, United States Code, 

is amended— 

(1) in section 2251— 

(A) in each of subsections (a), (b), and (d), by inserting 

‘‘using any means or facility of interstate or foreign commerce or’’ after ‘‘be transported’’; 

(B) in each of subsections (a) and (b), by inserting 

‘‘using any means or facility of interstate or foreign commerce or’’ after ‘‘been transported’’; 

(C) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘computer’’ each place 

that term appears and inserting ‘‘using any means or 

facility of interstate or foreign commerce’’; and 

(D) in subsection (d), by inserting ‘‘using any means 

or facility of interstate or foreign commerce or’’ after ‘‘is 

transported’’; 

(2) in section 2251A(c), by inserting ‘‘using any means 

or facility of interstate or foreign commerce or’’ after ‘‘or transported’’; 

(3) in section 2252(a)— 

(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘using any means 

or facility of interstate or foreign commerce or’’ after 

‘‘ships’’; 

(B) in paragraph (2)— 

(i) by inserting ‘‘using any means or facility of 

interstate or foreign commerce or’’ after ‘‘distributes, 

any visual depiction’’; and 

(ii) by inserting ‘‘using any means or facility of 

interstate or foreign commerce or’’ after ‘‘depiction for 

distribution’’; 

(C) in paragraph (3)— 

(i) by inserting ‘‘using any means or facility of 

interstate or foreign commerce’’ after ‘‘so shipped or 

transported’’; and 

(ii) by striking ‘‘by any means,’’; and 

(D) in paragraph (4), by inserting ‘‘using any means 

or facility of interstate or foreign commerce or’’ after ‘‘has 

been shipped or transported’’; and 

(4) in section 2252A(a)— 

(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘using any means 

or facility of interstate or foreign commerce or’’ after 

‘‘ships’’; 

(B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘using any means 

or facility of interstate or foreign commerce’’ after ‘‘mailed, 

or’’ each place it appears; 


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PUBLIC LAW 110–358—OCT. 8, 2008 122 STAT. 4003 

(C) in paragraph (3), by inserting ‘‘using any means 

or facility of interstate or foreign commerce or’’ after ‘‘mails, 

or’’ each place it appears; 

(D) in each of paragraphs (4) and (5), by inserting 

‘‘using any means or facility of interstate or foreign commerce or’’ after ‘‘has been mailed, or shipped or transported’’; and 

(E) in paragraph (6), by inserting ‘‘using any means 

or facility of interstate or foreign commerce or’’ after ‘‘has 

been mailed, shipped, or transported’’. 

(b) AFFECTING INTERSTATE COMMERCE.—Chapter 110 of title 

18, United States Code, is amended in each of sections 2251, 2251A, 

2252, and 2252A, by striking ‘‘in interstate’’ each place it appears 

and inserting ‘‘in or affecting interstate’’. 

(c) CERTAIN ACTIVITIES RELATING TO MATERIAL INVOLVING THE

SEXUAL EXPLOITATION OF MINORS.—Section 2252(a)(3)(B) of title 

18, United States Code, is amended by inserting ‘‘, shipped, or 

transported using any means or facility of interstate or foreign 

commerce’’ after ‘‘that has been mailed’’. 

(d) CERTAIN ACTIVITIES RELATING TO MATERIAL CONSTITUTING

OR CONTAINING CHILD PORNOGRAPHY.—Section 2252A(a)(6)(C) of 

title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘or by transmitting’’ and all that follows through ‘‘by computer,’’ and inserting 

‘‘or any means or facility of interstate or foreign commerce,’’. 

TITLE II—ENHANCING THE EFFECTIVE 

PROSECUTION OF CHILD PORNOGRAPHY ACT OF 2007 

SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE. 

This title may be cited as the ‘‘Enhancing the Effective Prosecution of Child Pornography Act of 2007’’. 

SEC. 202. MONEY LAUNDERING PREDICATE. 

Section 1956(c)(7)(D) of title 18, United States Code, is amended 

by inserting ‘‘section 2252A (relating to child pornography) where 

the child pornography contains a visual depiction of an actual 

minor engaging in sexually explicit conduct, section 2260 (production of certain child pornography for importation into the United 

States),’’ before ‘‘section 2280’’. 

SEC. 203. KNOWINGLY ACCESSING CHILD PORNOGRAPHY WITH THE 

INTENT TO VIEW CHILD PORNOGRAPHY. 

(a) MATERIALS INVOLVING SEXUAL EXPLOITATION OF MINORS.— 

Section 2252(a)(4) of title 18, United States Code, is amended— 

(1) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ‘‘, or knowingly 

accesses with intent to view,’’ after ‘‘possesses’’; and 

(2) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ‘‘, or knowingly 

accesses with intent to view,’’ after ‘‘possesses’’. 

(b) MATERIALS CONSTITUTING OR CONTAINING CHILD PORNOG- RAPHY.—Section 2252A(a)(5) of title 18, United States Code, is 

amended— 

(1) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ‘‘, or knowingly 

accesses with intent to view,’’ after ‘‘possesses’’; and 

18 USC 1 note. 

Enhancing the 

Effective 

Prosecution of 

Child 

Pornography 

Act of 2007. 


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122 STAT. 4004 PUBLIC LAW 110–358—OCT. 8, 2008 

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY—H.R. 4120: 

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: 

Vol. 153 (2007): Nov. 13, 14, considered and passed House. 

Vol. 154 (2008): Sept. 23, considered and passed Senate, amended. 

Sept. 26, House concurred in Senate amendment. 

Æ 

(2) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ‘‘, or knowingly 

accesses with intent to view,’’ after ‘‘possesses’’. 

Approved October 8, 2008. 


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