Eva

Ovedo

Ocala

Tampa

Cocoa

Geneva

DeLand

Starke

Holder

Bartow

Stuart

Eustis

Orlando

Holopaw

Sanford

Bunnell

Palatka

Arcadia

Sebring

Jupiter

Tavares

Altoona

Bushnell

Hastings

Boulogne

Callahan

Nobleton

Lakeland

Wauchula

Palmdale

Leesburg

Clermont

Umatilla

Basinger

Kissimmee

Lake Mary

Macclenny

Lake City

Williston

Inverness

Dade City

Polk City

Avon Park

Fort Drum

Melbourne

Lady Lake

Christmas

Fort McCoy

Yankeetown

Fort Meade

Vero Beach

Frostproof

Eau Gallie

Titusville

Okeechobee

Brooksville

Pine Castle

Kenansville

Saint Cloud

Winter Park

Orange City

Lake Butler

Gainesville

Orange Lake

Lake

Placid

Fort Pierce

Cocoa Beach

Salt Springs

Winter Haven

Ormond

Beach

Jacksonville

Daytona

Beach

Flagler

Beach

Crescent

City

St. Augustine

Crescent Beach

Orange

Springs

Yeehaw

Junction

Merritt

Island

West Palm Beach

New Smyrna Beach

Fernandina

Beach

Keystone

Heights

Lake Panasoffkee

Altamonte

Springs

Green Cove Springs

Jacksonville

Beach

South

Ponte Vedra Beach

Dunnellon

Lake Wales

POLK

LAKE

LEVY

MARION

PALM BEACH

OSCEOLA

VOLUSIA

HENDRY

BREVARD

DUVAL

CLAY

ORANGE

PASCO

ALACHUA PUTNAM

GLADES

HIGHLANDS

CITRUS

BAKER

NASSAU

HARDEE

COLUMBIA

MARTIN

DESOTO

ST LUCIE

HILLSBOROUGH

ST. JOHNS

FLAGLER

OKEECHOBEE

INDIAN RIVER

UNION

GILCHRIST

SUMTER

HERNANDO

SEMINOLE

BRADFORD

CHARLTON CAMDEN

WARE

Wolf Sink

Big Spring

Ruth Spring

Gum

Springs

Bugg Spring

Blue Spring

Wekiva

Falls Resort

Salt

Springs

Rock Springs

Palm Springs

Blue

Springs

Blue Springs

Potter Spring

Miami Springs

Little Spring

Island

Spring

Apopka

Spring

Wekiwa Springs

Wekiva

Springs

Silver

Springs

Messant

Spring

Gemini Springs

Fenney Springs

Rainbow Springs

Juniper Springs

Holiday Springs

Crystal Springs

Crescent Beach

Spring (submarine)

Beecher

Springs

Seminole

Springs Homosassa

Springs

Alexander

Springs

Sweetwater

Springs

Green Cove

Springs

Silver Glen

Springs

Fern Hammock

Springs

Ponce De Leon

Springs

Chassahowitzka

Springs

Ichetucknee

Springs Group

Crystal River

Spring Group

Blue

Springs

Orange

Springs

Starbuck Spring

Big Blue

Spring

Sanlando

Springs

Croaker Hole

Spring

Sante Fe River

Spring Group

Ocklawaha River

Spring Group

Panasoffkee River

Spring Group

Juniper Creek

Tributary Seepage

Black Sink

Devil's Den

Sink

27

8

1

9

4

5

7

6

7 3 5

7

9

7 9

6

2

9 0

5 3

6

2 3

7

2

1

6

9

4 5 8 2

4

3 3

6 2 2 1

2 6 9

2 9

2

7

7

7

8

6 8

9

39

37

36 39

-7

31

40

18 25 46

34

30

32 32 48 34 35

37 38

27 29 31 48

49 49

22 35

28

48

51 50 11

50

25 50

57 24 14 22

51 24 37 51

50 29

25

47 52 44 36 53 54 55

34

22

27 51 56

38 52 55

22

61

66 66

48 24

43 26 32 55 24

78

71 40

16

41

59 65 21 32 73 74 41 76 68

54

39 14 48

28

69

79 15 76

14

40

43

44

44 24 14

25

74 46 13 74 38

73 14 13

65 13

29 11

23

58 30

52 54

29 19 52 14 51 18

11 49

43 20

52

20

12 44 50 49

23 48 2448 43 29

13

43 17

14 11

18

43 47 14 42

13

18 20

10

41 24 47 42 42 37 29

21

21

15

40 36 41 43 29 12 42

34 -5

52 34 36 16

38

45

28 27

35

33

69 31 50

15

35 43

37 46 45

13 33

51

17 10 42 40

39 10 42

46

16

37 22 47 45

38 12 23 25 31 32 45

16 48

25 16

44 49 12

53

53

34

19

47

40 35 24 16

62 37 18

15 39 42

15

43

49

39

64 29

39

31

62

39 53 14 14

39

26

17 54 48

53

57 74 80

57

77

41

10 81 26

73

36 40 17

10

62 80 17

32 13 70

82

36 84

38 85 70 39

40

30 52

32

12 98 74

78 41 49 87 72 34 57 14

64 62 48 12 93

89

75

40 52

95 36

37 67 11 14

92

24 81 31 16

59

51 62 61

19

32

32 32

99 38 22

64 71 41 88

72 24 67 22

40

83

76 39 37 34 34

51

64 66 89 41 66 43

25

80 42

57 76 3664

71

35 45 58 60

26

36

87 93 90 88

87 48

84 88 78 27

77 69 65 29

86

37 34

40

60

53

37

53

44

88 33

90 94 95 40

55

56 33 38

75

90

36 41

78

50

77 55 58 43 41

74 39 54 70 74 38

71 41

52 53 39 33 29

38 67 29

29

78

32 37 28

49 43

41 43 35

29 30

37

74 43 44 36

33 45 33 38

52

39

37

44 63 43 42

45 42 43 41 49

45

43

44 46

44 46 45

44 47

46

39 47

93 82

40

90 57 39

51

69 46 84

68 38

101

107

113 106

102

121 123

122

100 123

124

109

124

113 115

6

58

75

15

15

51

46

67

19

33

39

31

44

107

East Lake

Tohopekaliga

Cypress

Lake

Lake Kissimmee

Lake

Tohopekaliga

St. Johns River

Withlacoochee

River

Lake

George

Ocklawaha

River

Lake Griffin

Lake

Eustis

Lake

Harris Lake Dora

M

Lake

onroe

Lake

Harney

St. Johns River

Blue

Cypress

Lake

Kissimmee

River

ATLANTIC

OCEAN

GULF

OF

MEXICO

Lake

Apopka

Lake Okeechobee

0

40

10

30

10

60

50

40

20

50

30

10

1

0

50

30

50

70

70

30

20

80

30

30

30

70

10

10

40

10

30

20

10

40

10

20

0

20

0

10

50

30

10

20

30

40

50

6

0

60

70

40

30

80 70

90

60

50

60

40

40

5

4

0

0

30

20

10

40

30

20

10

50

20

30

10

0

120

110

100

60

90

50

60

50

40

50

80

70

FLORIDA

GEORGIA

MAP AREA

SFWMD

SWFWMD

SJRWMD

SRWMD

N

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Prepared in cooperation with

ST. JOHNS RIVER WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT

SOUTH FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT

SOUTHWEST FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT

SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS MAP 3056

Sandra L. Kinnaman and Joann F. Dixon, 2008, Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan

aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, May 2008

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983

State Plane Florida East projection, NAD 1983 POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE OF THE UPPER FLORIDAN AQUIFER IN THE ST. JOHNS RIVER

WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT AND VICINITY, FLORIDA, MAY 2008

By

Sandra L. Kinnaman and Joann F. Dixon

2008

This report is available online at

http://infotrek.er.usgs.gov/pubs/

83°00' 82°00' 81°00' 80°00'

31°00' 31°00'

30°00' 30°00'

29°00' 29°00'

28°00' 28°00'

27°00' 27°00'

83°00' 82°00' 81°00' 80°00'

80°30'

31°30'

30°30'

28°30'

27°30'

26°30'

82°30' 81°30' 80°30'

26°30'

27°30'

28°30'

29°30'

30°30'

82°30' 81°30'

0 10 20 30 40 50 Miles

0 10 20 30 40 50 Kilometers

INTRODUCTION

This map depicts the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management

District and vicinity for May 2008. Potentiometric contours are based on water-level measurements collected

at 567 wells during the period May 6 – May 27, near the end of the dry season. Some contours are inferred from

previous potentiometric-surface maps with larger well networks. The potentiometric surface of the carbonate Upper

Floridan aquifer responds mainly to rainfall, and more locally, to ground-water withdrawals and spring flow.

Potentiometric-surface highs generally correspond to topographic highs where the aquifer is recharged. Springs and

areas of diffuse upward leakage naturally discharge water from the aquifer and are most prevalent along the St. Johns

River. Areas of discharge are reflected by depressions in the potentiometric surface. Ground-water withdrawals

locally have lowered the potentiometric surface. Ground water in the Upper Floridan aquifer generally flows

from potentiometric highs to potentiometric lows in a direction perpendicular to the contours.

SUMMARY OF HYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS

ADDITIONAL REFERENCE

Long-term hydrographs of ground-water levels for continuous and periodic wells are available at

internet site: http://waterdata.usgs.gov/fl/nwis/gw

Measured values of the potentiometric surface ranged from 7 feet below NGVD29 near Fernandina Beach, Florida,

to 124 feet above NGVD29 in Polk County, Florida. The average water level of the network in May 2008 was about

1 foot lower than the average in September 2007 following below-average rainfall during the dry season of 2007-08.

Seasonal differences in network average water levels generally range from 4 to 6 feet. For 457 wells with previous

measurements, May 2008 levels ranged from about 19 feet below to about 11 feet above September 2007 water levels.

The average water level of the network in May 2008 was about 1 foot higher than the average in May 2007.

For 544 wells with previous measurements, May 2008 levels ranged from about 8 feet below to about 13 feet above

May 2007 water levels.

Figure 1. Change in potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer from

May 2007 to May 2008 in northeast-central Florida. Positive values indicate

an increase in water-level altitudes. Negative values indicate a decrease

in water-level altitudes.

0 10 20 30 Miles

0 10 20 30 Kilometers

29°30'

EXPLANATION

CHANGE IN THE

POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE,

FROM MAY 2007 TO MAY 2008,

IN FEET

NOTE: The potentiometric contours are generalized on a regional scale to portray water levels in a dynamic

hydrolgic system taking due account of the variations in hydrogeologic conditions such as well-depth differences,

non-simultaneous measurements of water levels, variable effects of pumping, and changing climatic infulence. The

potentiometric contours, thus, may not conform exactly with individual measurements of water level.

EXPLANATION

POTENTIOMETRIC CONTOUR -- Shows altitude at which water level would have stood in tightly

cased wells. Hatchures indicate depressions. Contour intervals 10 feet. Vertical datum is NGVD29.

Dashed where inferred

STATE WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT BOUNDARY

SJRWMD -- St. Johns River Water Management District

SRWMD -- Suwannee River Water Management District

SFWMD -- South Florida Water Management District

SWFWMD -- Southwest Florida Water Management District

SURVEYED WELL WITH KNOWN OPEN-HOLE INTERVAL -- Measuring-point datum is referenced

to benchmark datum. Number is altitude of water level in feet above or below NGVD29

SURVEYED WELL WITH UNKNOWN OPEN-HOLE INTERVAL -- Measuring-point datum is referenced

to benchmark datum. Number is altitude of water level in feet above or below NGVD29

UNSURVEYED WELL WITH KNOWN OPEN-HOLE INTERVAL -- Measuring-point datum is estimated

from topographic map. Number is altitude of water level in feet above or below NGVD29

UNSURVEYED WELL WITH UNKNOWN OPEN-HOLE INTERVAL -- Measuring-point datum is estimated

from topographic map. Number is altitude of water level in feet above or below NGVD29

SINKHOLE -- Surface collapse feature exposing the Upper Floridan aquifer. Where measured, number

is altitude of water level in feet above NGVD29

FLOWING BOREHOLE

SPRING -- Line indicates direction of spring outflow

37

31

42

50

35

44

-5.00 to -10.00

<=0.00 to -4.99

> 0.00 to 4.99

5.00 to 9.99

10.00 to 14.99