p. 1 

# OAR Box 1147 Prepped by Ollie Stewart

Document

Number: 

# 187 ) IV-E-6 1 Docket Number: 

# A-87-1 1

Printed 4/22/20082:42:57

PM Sheet 187 of 242

## T T P. 2 

# A-67-2 4 ^m 

# 2 1 

# /J M • 

# 'i f • r 'sV V !>;=iif,':-»». " .-•••:• ' • • •..'-••' • .- , . . -..•rt.:,;•-.•so.tf-»vr . ' • -.-.•; . 7'.. . f..- v -3 £ .^r - -r-7'^V'««*c.>.r.'s - . .:•-••••; . . . : ' < V " ••jrt ! .,>i : v ;~^ »

' - " •-a/'l.-fjl - .rv. v .:.••-:•• •}• ^$->;?-.»£i" ' a i.-~*':^l'-&:pir:Yt. ''> - "A ' •

• " ' ' . '•, ; •

" V,*7 \ Ss W
"•'» : ' ! *rKy ' '.yr' : -. .

<r '» ; ' :: ' " : ii^- ' ••:• ' t^;7J: «

••'•'"'•• • '. : '• .V.- ; VA.7 ; ,.-*.-*«•<,*» r•;?:<;*?&-£

•..•••••• '•. ~m-*r- ? -^.Kfy* • •''V*>rri i J. : vHRfldRASDO

H SWECT rsote#^|rro» s f Publi c worksho p FROM : ...>' : ~\$Ari u -.:. r TO ! : *?ii5 i 

### Sftlpn * j f t<*f: . •••rv*. . Evaporativ e an

d Refuelin g Emissions ' Te s fo rth e Contro l o f

Exces s Evapocetiv e Raiestoha " Ta d Wyaor, Mechanical . gngln<B#'fcvT : .-;. . A'A v^^^l i Standards . Developmen tan d Support^BrancK^i^^^ V ^•^•. 1? -., < i

- •'-•••7. . - , . ••..•• . • - - -vs-•„•»•.••:•'••':'-S R--vr^r . . cw^WWi/ * :*»s?«> r- • ; " ~ ' Docke tA-85-2 1 THRO : Richar d Ai ; ^JcoWkly: ; Senior . Projec t Manage r

Standard s ^Dev'elbp>«ffn t an d Suppor t Branc h O n Jun e 30 , 1988 , EP A hel d a publi c worksho p a t it e An n Arbor , Michigan , Moto r Vehicl e Emissio n Laboratory . I n a mornin g session , EP A mad e oevera l presentations . Durin g th e afternoon , presentation s wer e mad e b y representative s o f th e Moto r Vehicl e Manufacturer' s Associatio n (MVMA) . Th e EPA

presentation s consiste d cf : 1 ) a n analysi s c f temperature s o

n high-ozon e days , 2 ) description s o f suggeste d tes t procedur e change s whic hmay late r be propose d fo r vehicle s equippe d wit hintegrate d an d non-integrate d refuelin g systems , 3 ) an overview

o f EPA' s mode l an d the assumption s use d t o evaporativ e an

d refuelin g emissio n contro l syste n performanc e unde r tes t an d in-us e conditions. Note s fro m thes e presentation s an

d a n attendanc e lis t ar e attached . 3n d rredic t
Th e presentation s b y MVM A members-wer e 1 ) a n analysi s o f th e effec t o f certai n aspect s o f caniste r siz e an d performanc e o n evaporativ e eaissions , 2 ) the effec t o f RV P an d loca l clisiat e o n fue l boiling , an d 3 ) detaile d cowme n t s o n EPA' s onboar d refuelin g tes t procedure . MVM A wil l sutmi t materia l relatin g t o thes e presentation s separatel y t o thi s docke t i n th e nea r future . I n addition , copie s o f a verbatl n transcrip t wil l b e availabl e fo r purchas e throug hMVM A in abou t on e mont h (contac t Gre g Walke r a t (313 ) 872-4311) . Attachment sP. 3
Agend a Modification s t o Evaporativ e an d Refuelin g Emission s Tes t Procedure s fo r th e Contro l o f Exces s Evaporativ e Emission s

Jun e 30 , 198 8 An n Arbor , Michiga n
I . Openin g Remark s (9:3 0 a.m.) : Richar d Wilso n II . Integrate d System Tes t Procedure s (9:4 5 a.m. ) A . Simplifie d Evap/Refuelin g Procedures : John Anderson B . Revision s t o Addres s Exces s Evaporativ e Emissions : John Anderson III . Non-Integrate d System Tes t Procedure s (10:1 5 a.m. ) A . Revision s t o Achiev e In-Us e Performanc e o f Integrate d Systems : Richar d Rykowsk i B . Revision s i f Onboar d Control s Wer e No t Promulgated : Richar d Rykowsk i IV . Discussio n (10:4 5 a.m. ) IV . Presentation s b y Manufacturer s o n Onboar d Tes t Procedure s (1:0 0 p.m. ) V . Genera l Question s an d Answer s (4:0 0 p.m. )P. 4

Modification s t o Evaporativ e an d H e fue l ino ; Emission s Tes t Procedure s fo r th e Contro l o f Exces s Evaporativ e Emission s SIG N I M SHEE T FO

R ATTENDEE S N 

### N-A »* l OrU 

# J t

SAiiru rfr&r*jJ4*-Um<?6Am tf 

## Lach y>LTZ2?M/

T

Cttflr-ei. ^i_y-J*>
UrOKJAZD W . it

AT A Qi\Atmr<-rt

{sU^^cl-^rT^CrrJ 

### 4/A/#f tGoRiS 

# L TMfTSUM^rfl $.T(<\AM /P^AA /^mr^m.**-^ 

## £d idcxuj iCur-y Compan y C/t^ y rfs^u- tUotOr-imS.dTA

# Vl/A 

# Au. 

# ii cST> w Co* 

## G.IM (LmZUrys -Attr- J^c^tcvr-j 

## Fo/z.)^

^ r-f \ )<• CL.ys/r* C~-m\ A» > KjeSQO/llt-rBQCAfCA mCoH, r. O IL, 

## VoU&ooA66rO or

DMeCiat, Ixlc - cCtei/j&l fM L^^Cr i&rJc AJ. #T^a-»^, W r>ur

rn-Y^t 

# (^^TM^H Mti^&A

£4'*SjZlr4r^jtr&Z< g TmmA^mtr L 

## 6.1P. 5

Modification s t o Evaporativ e an d Refuelin g Emission s Tes t Procedure s for th e Contro l o f Exces s Evaporativ e Emission s SIG N I N SHEE T FO

R ATTENDEE S


### UP fk'S/.^sJ AA\ ) CMt-mtlmJL

LtQlAm-J-jO^C^O

/ -irUjmrrmX^ Ci 

### £l< r^ZUl/ 7 ALL rm-B^r ^ OCJ/3 /\c&/U 4 SA? Compan y



# m. A>M Gh\ l) fi MCltrlS2>e>4 *S2c4

« • t^rmm* 

# G^ Gm.^ 

# 4 & LJ-M 

### /^C^JL 

## K , < - » 4 /)//!£/*• /?AJrO- //5S/V '. 

# £A. G-ifA 

# —^^ 5 

# h

/k7?OrVr-*mC-/rV±AlS ^ {/tr-j^r-zf . (/J-evU/c-c ^ ^cyxz.s^VYe
Mimry A>tff S €m, Oijtf - Er-j - P.9J .P. 6
Modification s t o Evaporativ e an d Refuelino ; Emission s Tes t Procedure s fo r th e Contro l o f Exces s Evaporativ e Emission s SIG N I N SHEE T FO

R ATTENDEE S N 

### SA Lmm-y (2/*?tA-erl\? 

## <g^ y rA4/Jc/-/£r?z
"7 * 

## y ^ //gy / MO. t-^tlc Qt-ne. 

## #?* '4 ^ V ^ 

# f^ Ak ^STl' 

### JO&J r,J( tax *A A/mJi/ M <LdJ^llyy; Compan y ~-\\W\

//mf--' A-m^y /PCATSAM OT-fCAttC' 

# c <mA W-v . ^" ^ \ H -* A*/'" TS-*~ J?) -~^-r< "

/ f rA* STl-mmm? /^V , 

## [U*

tr^-C-^AA 

## *A S -TO Cm 

# AfZL ^r-^ ah So* 6?l

'1*4 T Vl/t < Z tr-! -~\P. 7
Modification s t o Evaporativ e an d R e fue l ino ; Emission s Test'Procedure s fo r th e Contro l o f Exces s Evaporativ e Emission s SIG N I N SHEE T FO

R ATTENDEE S Naae " Compan y 

# %.\\ VlAc-pe

o r<W>fc * 3.A0OP. 8

Modification s t o Evaporativ e an d Refuelin

g Emission s Tes t Procedure s fo r th e Contro l o f Exces s Evaporativ e Emission s SIG N I N SHEE T FO

R ATTENDEE S



# M . rt\£V*g

A^Aftl-

\Ai^A\ 

## p'CLuj' /rfyiiftArfc S> n

/WrLrtrrrUmtoLlrA iUCLi/'ol Compan y L^Ajtry&6\y\ • 

## <kH ft?/v>

^te ^ lO^TQmmm 

# ft/Hi T>g"*<?7 . MS^/?—
AV/vZ/t/A 

# MAL f=?6/& 

### n fi



## f^m-r Rib U.S./) 

## AA-0(!^( Y /hier/OL fa QP. 9
Modification s to Evaporativ e an d Refuelin

g Emission s Tes t Procedure s fo r th e Contro l o f Exces s Evaporativ e Emission s SIG N I N SHEE T FO

R ATTENDEE S 

## ^g/\( H \p_ t > k

x^ \Pm Cg/coU_ _ '/j/ t tj

dXv ^

(M^tr-mZ-r-r-- : V/Mmm** 

## $(- /S'TFA/tre 

# M. {Mo
A?*T£AA, ^DJOlOf c &> 

## I^^Sg ^

^ M 

# t u-j-eP A Q£ D 

# V/U ^ 

# A r F O ^ r> , Or. c



## Mfift \E£IAI

ces: 

# \W^a\a n VUnrVil-\-o n 

# S ^AM- T 

## ^&uAr? <&e 

# We 8 4 , Q> p 

# r ML. <M< V yt*mm 

# A ^>t-<^-gg > 

## <£?'/4 , Ct-rfV/ S Ltf RP . 1 0
Modification s t

o Evaporativ

e an d Refuelin

g Emission s Tes t Procedure s fo r th e Contro l o f Exces s Evaporativ e Emission s SIG N I N SHEE T FO

R ATTENDEE S 

### .<[dt. /oK^r'st S 

# ^s-^K l VOL ^ 

### s. T

<?*•£-£• » \m/ < l^/ ' f-lfrr-Amr - WrmTrldr+mffl C

Cz7Z£& \^/tfZrTZ>/sJ 

### \Jj4trt IdUtniCi^ *OY~y<L 

# K Us<;/£s*- 

# fyr^iVc/$fa«Jl -7 JjL-m. 

## O'fon HU^ L 

### 1 ) CA > ' TA^CBSA I

H Ai-rcLAp/-\ 

# ^ITf e ism^ o V
- #K4H/A fcl 6r\60DCrL 

### UJlLH£tM

r 

### /-ftA,cCA_ Compan y



# _Qh_ fZ^cJ 

# CK \ jCL^tALlA 

# MJ&Xfi ^Jb
ATU 5UA J // W Sxjfta J 'USA ^Acyr c 

### \ fc-rzz^c»-<r~C 

# AC <AA r i"rOr~7 /fy $rof-c ^Cd i^--r

t ISmJ ^LA=.0^<rfi--'
^FSmr-rr^tr-l . J ~ j^ f /^ 9 AH £ / ? iCAlfsjHO Ami PA 

## ~T£?S>D

TA CrMfiieU 

# £^£ i O 

# /iStfrAs^ TcfAorA 

### & MA./P.1 1 

# Publi c Worksho p Exces s Evaporativ e Emission s an

dTes t Procedure s Unite dState s Environmenta l Protectio nAgenc y An nArbor , Michiga n Jun e 30 , 198 8

Temperature s onHighOzon e Day s

Mar k A . Wolcot t U.S . Environmenta l Protectio n Agenc y Denni s F . Kahlbau m Compute r Science s Corporatio nP.1 2



# Analysi s o

f Temperature s o n Hig h Ozon e Day

s

Dat a Source s 1984 Nationa l Weathe r Servic e Dat a 1984 AIR S Ozon e Data 1985-198 7 Desig n Valu e Monitor sP.1 3



# 198 4 Nationa l Weathe r Servic e Dat a Diurna l Temperature = Maximu m - Minimu m Dail y Temperature

1984 AIR S Ozon e Data Desig n Valu e Monitors Fro m 42 Ou t o

f 6 8 CMSAs Exceedin g th e Ozon e NAAQ S Durin g 1985-198 7

# Averag e Maximu m

Dail y On e Hou r Ozon e 12.0-26. 0 (pphm ) Mea n = 13. 7 (pphm )

Averag e Maximu m Dail y Temperatur e 45.0°F-111.0° F Mea n = 90. 6 ° F

# Averag e Diurna l Temperature

7.0°F-41.0° F Mea n = 24. 8 ° F

Grou p b y AST M Clas s Ran k b y Maximu m Dail y Temperature Selec t 90t h Percentil e

# Clas s A Citie s

Maximu m Dail y On e Hou r Ozon e 

# To p 1 0 Percen

t 14. 2 (pphm )

Clas s A Citie s Maximu m Dail y Temperature To p 1 0 Percen t 10 4 ° F

# Clas s A Citie s

Diurna l Temperatur e To p 1 0 Percen t 2 3 ° F

Clas s B Citie s Maximu m Dail y On e Hou r Ozon e To p 1 0 Percen t 12.0-15. 0 (pphm ) Mea n = 12. 5 (pphm )

# Clas s B Citie s

Maximu m Dail y Temperature To p 1 0 Percen t 105. 0 °F-109. 0 ° F Mea n = 106. 7 ° F

Clas s B Citie s Diurna l Temperatur

e To p 1 0 Percen t 26. 0 °F-37. 0 ° F Mea n = 31. 7 ° FP.1 9



# Clas s C Citie s Maximu m Dail y On e Hou r Ozon e To p 1 0 Percen t 12.0-24. 4 (pphm ) Mea n = 15. 0 (pphm )

Clas s C Citie s Maximu m Dail y Temperatur e To p 1 0 Percen t 94. 0 ° F - 99. 0 ° F Mea n = 95. 8 ° FP.2 0



# Clas s C Citie s Diurna l Temperatur e To p 1 0 Percen t 22. 0 ° F - 35. 0 ° F Mea n = 25. 3 ° FP.2 1



# Publi c Worksho p Modification s t o Evaporativ e an

dRefuelin g Tes t Procedure s fo r the Contro l o f Exces s Evaporativ e Emission s Standard s Developmen t an

dSuppor t Branc h Emissio nContro l Technolog y

Divisio n Offic e o f Mobil e Source s Jun e 30 , 198 8P.2 2 

# Outlin e Tes t procedure s fo r integrate drefuelin g contro l system s Simplifie devap/refuelin g procedur e Revise dprocedure s t o addres s exces s eva pemission s Tes t procedure s for non-integrate dsystem s Modifie deva pprocedure s t o provid e th e same in-us e performanmc e a s integrate dsystem s Revise devap-onl y

procedure s if onboar dcontrol s ar e no t promulgate d

# Tes t Procedure s for

Integrate dRefuelin g Contro l System s

# NPRM Tes t Procedur e Separat e refuelin g an

dexhaust/eva psequence s (Se e Fig . 1 ) Increase dtestin g burde nan

dcomplexit y wa s note di

n numerou s comment s Runnin g losse s coul db e partiall y

controlle d N o guarante e running losse s wil l b e route dt o engin e or caniste r If route dt o engine , runnin g losse s coul doverwhel m lo w purg e system sREFUELIN G TES T PROCEDURE (AUGUS T 19 , 1987 )

•DrafeFMTae * •SoekVeMote tor •Hoor e • E M to ME D to I
Integrate d Sysie m
a . Disconnec t Vapo r Un e t o Caniste r b . Drai n Fue l Tan k c . 40 % Fuelin g d . Reconnec t Vapo r Un e t o Caniste r e . Driv e On e LA- 4 I . On e Hou r Ho t Soa k g . Repea t (a ) an d ( 0 Twic e h . Disconnec t Vapo r Un a l o Caniste r I . Drai n Fue l Tan k | . 40 % Fuelin g k . Reconnec t Vapo r Un a l o Caniste r L Haa l Buil d (60 * •2* F Initial , 24 * • » 1' F Rlae ) m . Repea l (a ) Throug h ( 0 Twto a n . Driv e On e LA- 4 

# T , w ^

EMt0rSt# Q SyWM R Cjnjm f Purai . Congniin m nrt w a . Dtecormar

t Vapo r Un a l o Caniste r h . Drai n Fue l Tan k o.40%Fueln g a l Raeonrtac l Vapo r Un a l a Caniste r a . DHv a Bspsated LA-4a Uati l I Pvrrj t Eejutvaten l to Cycl e Drive . Mleeo e AoouHMdatioe

) fltooo a l li a FlretMePaettito l 

# 1 NonHnlt^QfslB

v Syste m Caniste r Purge . CanMnuou a Driv e b . Ont o Fua l Tan k o . 19 % Fualn Q d . Raconnac l Vapo r Un a to Caniste r a . Mv o Repeate

d LA-4 a Unti l W % o l Tan k

Votum a l a Consume d

* RtOOMMC t VeMQ

f * FueHoAuteaMti c Bootor t Fusing , ralaike j An y WhM n 1 8EVAPORATIV E AN D TAILPIPE PROCEDUR

E (FTP> (AUGUS T 19 , 1987 ) P.2 6

:-L- 

# [ C Star t J Orain Fue l Tan k 

# ] | Vehicl e Temperature Stabilizatio n (a a required) ! | Load Canistera T o Breakthroug h | DSOONNEC

T REFUEUN Q CANISTE R CONNEC T RERJEUN Q CANISTE R | Fue l Drai n & Fil l |



# i

DBCONNEC

T REFUELIN G CANISTE R | Dyn o Preconditionin g |

— I Col d Soa k

Parkin g l "
fDieeel l l^Only J CONNEC

T REFUEUN Q CANISTER « Fuein g * Drai n •40 % Fi n Diurna l Heat Buil d * Heat Fue l •1 Hou r •60-84' F Evap . Tes t NotReq . 

# I Diurna l

Enclosur e Tes t Col d Star

t Exhaus t Test Evap . Test No t Performe d

- • f nv/rtunnin g

Losse s a s Require d
Ho t Star t Exhaus t Tes t I
Ho t Soa k Enclosur e Tes t 

# I I ?


# CZ 3 1 hou r MA X

• 5 min . MA

X

0* 1 h r 12-3 6 hr

s (n o MA X fo r diesels ) 

# I 1 0 min . 

# HZ 3 7 min . MA XP.2 7



# Simplifie dIntegrate dTes t Procedur e 0 

# Basic " modificatio nfo r refueling/eva ptestin g (Se e Figur e 2 ) Conduc t refuelin g tes t afte r exhaust/eva pFT P Rel y onexhaust/eva psequenc e t o tes t abilit y t o purg e caniste r Exces s eva pemission s wil l b e addresse dlate r 0 

# Primar y effect s Les s cert , testin g burden , simplifie dprocedur e N o vehicl e cos t increas e an

dsame in-us e performanc e compare dt o NPR

M procedur e fo r mos t system s (Se e Tabl e 1 ) 0 

# Provide s substantial , bu t no t complet e contro l o f eva p emission s onhigh-ozon e day sP.2 8



# REFUELIN

G TES T PROCEDURE : INTEGRATE

D SYSTEM S

FT P 

# T

EPA URBA N DYNAMOMETE R DRIVIN G SCHEDUL E 

# I I I S min . MAX

DISCONNEC T REFUELING CANISTER 

# I 

# I 3 mis . MA X

REMOV E FUE L FILLE RCAP . DRAI N FUE L TANK . 

# I 8 to 2 4 Hour *
VEHICLE TEMPERATUR E STABILIZATION 

# I
! • « FUELING (Sl-SV F FUEL ) 

# I
CONNEC T REFUELIN G CANISTER 

# I

PLAC E VEHICL E I

N SHE D 

# I 

# . 1 I 3 Hour s MA X

MEASURE REFUELIN G EMISSION SP.2 9 

# Tabl e 1 Caniste r Volume s Require dt o Compl y wit hVariou s Tes t Procedure s Integrate dOnboar dSystem s n 

# Charcoa l Type : Purg e Rate : Tes t Sequenc e NPR M FTP+Re f FTP+LA-4+Re f FTP(HighTem pDiurnaD+Re f FTP/Di/Re f For d High 4. 4 4. 2 4. 1 4. 2 S. S Caniste r Sized )

Nissa n Lo w Hifl hLo w 5. 3 4. 4 9. 4 * 

# 5. 1 4. 8 18. 5 5. 1 4. 1 9. 7 5. 2 4. 9 »2 0 6. 6 6. 9 »2 0 Notes : 1 ) FT P = LA-4+Diurnal+3-Ba g Test+Ho t Soa k 2 ) Purg e Rates : Hig h= 2 0 ft 3 

# /LA-4 , lo w = 8 ft 3 

# /LA- 4 3 ) Fue l tank siz e = 17. 6 gallon s 4 ) Desig n refuelin g capacit y= 90. 0 g (85 % fill )P.3 0



# ification s t o Addres s Exces s Eva pEmission s Exces s evaporativ e emission s Poppin g andhissin g Runnin g losse s Relate dsafet y

issue : fue l spurtin g Goal s Eliminat e fue l spurting , poppin g andhissin g Runnin g losse s route dt o engin e (i f ina purgin g mode ) o r caniste r an

dno t vente d Tes t procedur e revision s Engineerin g evaluatio no f system

desig n Remov e ga s ca pi

nSHE Dimmediatel y

afte r exhaus t tes tP.3 1



# Engineerin g evaluatio n

- Goa l t o ensur e fue l tan kvapo r i s neve r vente dt o th e atmospher e unde r an

y in-us e conditions , excep t unde r extraordinar y

circumstance s Ke y desig nparameters : limiting orifices , vapo r routing , relie f valve s inga s ca po r elsewher e Ga s ca premova l Eas y t o perform N o projecte deffec t o nhot-soa kemission s i f tan k pressur e build-u pi s avoide dor pressur e i s release d t o caniste r a s ga s ca pi s release d Prevent s fue l spurting , poppin g andhissin g upo n refuelin g

# Tes t Procedure s for Non-Integrate dSystem sP.3 3

0 

# NPR

M Procedure s Entirel y separat e refuelin g andevap/exhaus t tes t sequence s N o exces s caniste r capacit y

require dt o enabl e contro l o f exces s eva pemission s Require deva pcaniste r purg e rate s coul db e overwhelme db y in-us e runnin g losse s NPR M procedur e provide s a ninappropriat e incentive towar d non-integrate dsystem s Goa l o f revise dprocedure : ensur e equivalen t contro l o f in-us e evaporativ e emission s wit hbot hintegrate dand non-integrate dprocedure sP.3 4



# Revise dNon-Integrate dTes t Sequence s Basi c modification s Leav e refuelin g procedur e alon e

- Enhanc e eva pcontro l capabilit y by addin g tw o representativ e diurnal s a t endo f the curren t evap/exhaus t tes t sequenc e (Se e Figur e 3 ) Addres s fue l spurting , popping , hissin g an drunnin g losse s i nsame wa y a s fo r integrate dsystem s In-us e performanc e equivalen t t o integrate dsystem s essentiall y require s tha t the eva pcaniste r b e a s larg e a s anintegrate dcaniste r wit hsame purg e rat e (Se e Tabl e 2 ) Two representativ e diurnal s ar e roughl y equivalen t t o a singl e 85 % refuelin g At leas t 16 % o f LDV s an

dLDT s experienc e multipl e uninterrupteddiurnal sP.3 5



## NON-INTEGRATE

D REFUELIN

G SYSTEMS * EVAPORATIV

E TES T

FT P

I S min. MA X

DRAI N FUE L TANK . 40 % FUELING

. DIURNA L HEA T BUILD . (71-9 6 T ) (MEASUR

E EMISSIONS

)

0 • 1 8 Hour s

DRAI N FUE L TA N K. . 40 % FUELING . DIURNA L HEA T 31'ILD . (71-96T ) (MEASUREEMISSIONS )P.3 6 

# Tabl e 2 Caniste r Volume s Require dt o Compl y wit hVariou s Tes t Procedure s for Evap-Onl y System s Caniste r Sized ) Charcoa l Type : FordNissa n Purg e Rate : Lo

w Low Tes t Sequenc e FT P 1. 8 3. 0 FTP+ 1 representativ e diurna l 2. 5 .4. 2 FTP+ 2 representativ e diurnal s 4. 5 9. 6 Notes : 1 ) FT P = LA-4+DiurnaI+3-Ba g Test+Ho t Soa k

3 2 ) Purg e rat e = 8. 0 ft /LA- 4 for al l case s 3 ) Fue l tanksiz e = 17. 6 gallon s 4 ) Fue l vapo r pressur e = 9. 0 Lbs . RV P o 5 ) Representativ e diurna l temperatur e rang e = 71-9 6 F .P.3 7

0

0 

# Evap-Onl y

System s I f onboar drefuelin g control s wer e no t promulgate dand Clas s C commercia l gasolin e vapo r pressur e wa s reduce dt o 9. 0 Lbs . RVP: : Retai ntes t procedur e revision s discusse dfo r non-integrate dsystem s I f onboar drefuelin g control s wer e no t promulgate dand Clas s C commercia l gasolin e RV P wa s reduce dt o some leve l highe r than9. 0 (i.e. , 10. 5 RVP a s inth e API/MVM A join t industry recommendation) : Rais e certificatio nfue l RVP t o th e commercia l fue l leve l Seriou s consideratio nwoul db e give nt o simulatin g in-us e fue l tan kheatin g i

nthe tes t procedur e Tw o reason s for mor e representativ e fue l tanktemperatur e simulatio n Fue l boilin g in-use , whic hcanno t b e simulate dby multipl e diurnal s Encouragerer : o

f fue l coolin g technique sP.3 8 Evaporativ e Emission s Modellin g Mode l Description :
• An accounting model of evaporativ e emission s system s tha t include s th e followin

g ke y vehicl e components :

Fuel tan k (vapo r source ) Charcoa l caniste r (vapo r storage ) Purg e contro l syste

m(vapo r sink )

• Th e model maintain s acontinuou s caniste r histor y during an

dbetwee n evaporativ e emission s event s (drives , hotsoaks , diurnals) . • Explicit

accounting fo

r interaction s betwee

n driving pattern , purg e control , fue l tan k vapo r generation , andcharcoa

l adsorption characteristics .P.3 9 Evaporativ e Emission s Modellin g Vapo rSource Modellin g
• All vapor

s assu&edar

e to originat

e fro mthe fue l tan k in respons e t o change s in temperatur e of liqui dfue l in the tank . • Vapo r generation i s precalculatedbasedon the application of rigorou s non-idea

l vapor-liqui dequilibriumrelationship s t o pure-componen t description s o

f fuels . • Temperatur

e rise s usedt

o simulat e variou s driving events : Even t Temp . Ris e HCMas s Description Diurna l Hot Soa k Drive 60-8 4 O F25. 0 g FTP diurna l 71-9 6 ° F40. 0 g In-us e diurna l FTP hotsoa

k In-us e hotsoa

k -15. 0 ° F18. 1 g In-us e drive s startin g a t 7 1 ° F 39. 5 g FT

P drive s 75. 1 g In-us e drive s startin g at 9 6 ° F .5-1. 0 abov e 6. 0 g EO D temp . 25. 0 g
Vapo r generation during vehicl e operation (running losses) :

- Fuel tan

k temperatur

e profile obtainedfro

mon-roa dvehicl e testing .

- Hydrocarbon mas s an

dvapo r volum e ar e calculate da s afunctio

n o f time .Evaporativ e Emission s Modellin g

Caniste rModelling : » Caniste

r purg e characteristic s obtaine dfro mlaborator

y load/purg e studies . • Non-linea

r natur e o f adsorption o

f hydrocarbon s o

n activatedcharcoa

l i s accounte dfor . • All hydrocarbon vapor s entering the caniste r ar e assumedt o b e adsorbedu p t o caniste r breakthrough . • Quantit

y of hydrocarbon s purge dfro

mthe caniste

r i s afunctio

n of purg e air volum e an dcurren t caniste r loading .P.4 1 Evaporativ e Emission s Modellin g Purge Control Modellin g
• Purg e rate proportiona

l to instantaneou s fue

l consumption (horsepower) . • Fue l consumption (horsepower ) determinedfro

minstantaneou s vehicl e speedand acceleration . • Purg e rate set

t o zer o during certain driving modes , suc h a s low-spee ddrivin g anddeceleration .P.4 2 Evaporativ e Emission s Modellin g
Mode l assumptions :
• Fue l tan k capacit y i s 17. 6 gallons , andtan

k i s 40 % full . • 90. 0 g refueling capacit y i s needed . Mode l Inputs :
• Drivin g schedul e (e.g. , LA-4) . • Fuel tan

k vapor generation tabl e fo

r running losses . • Caniste

r purg e characteristics . • Caniste

r siz e andinitia

l loading . • Maximu

mpurg e rate , (determine s tota l purg e volum

e ove r the selecteddriving schedule. )
• Mas s o

f hydrocarbon s generatedduring diurna l an dhotsoak . (Incorporate s the effects o f fue l vapor pressur e andambien

t temperature. ) Mode l Limitations :
• Fuel tan

k pressur e not modelled . • Fuel tan

k temperatur

e histor y no t maintained . Back-to-bac

k drive s modelleda s being equivalen t t o drive s widel

y separatedi n time .P.4 3 

# Jun e 198 8 Curren t Runnin g Los s Program 0 

# Sampl e 8 t o 1 0 automobile s 198 3 andnewe r mode l year s Bot hcarburete dan

dfue l injected 0 

# Tes t Procedure s 3LA4 s - bac kt o bac k Al I test s wit ha diurna l prio r t o LA4 s Smal l subse t o f test s bot hwit han dwithou t diurna l . 0 

# Diurna l Temperature s - 7 5 t o 95° * rise , 6 0 t o 80 ° ris e 0 

# Cel l Temperature s - 95° , 80 ° Fuels-11.7 , 10.4 , 9.0 , 7.0 * ps i RVP Fue l Tan kTemperatur e Ris e Origina l targe t - 15 ° ris e afte r 3 bag s Curren t targe t - 15 ° ris e afte r 3 bags , 22 ° afte r 6 bag s Standardiz e Caniste r Weigh t Befor e Eac hPre p Usin g 11. 7 RVP fue l an

d80°F , bas e i s the weigh t followin g the LA4 , 1 hr . soak , LA4 , 1 h

r soa k 0 0



# * Th e 7. 0 RVP fue l tes t ha s onl y on e se t o f temperature s whic har e 95 ° cel l temperatur e an

d75 ° t o 99 ° diurna l

# Result s - Graphic s Follo w

Averag e o f firs t five vehicle s Result s reflec t th e test s wit ha diurna l Significan t runnin g losse s dependen t o n Fue l RVP Cel l temperatur e Lengt ho f cycl e Furthe r study require d- - parameter s o f interes t o nlas t pag e^ r\

1 0 -


### 8 - 

# i eo * .4 -


### 2 -
t 

### o - 

# Runnin g Losses

FT P Cycl e



# am mam 1 ^ H 1 H H 7 9 10. 4



## Fue l RV P 11. 7 - i n I U



### - 8

•6



### - 4

- 2

- 0 'i



### U 80° F B 95° F

# Runnin g Los s Parameter s Fue l Tan kTemperatur e Fue l Volatilit y Ambien t Temperatur e Vehicl e Technolog y Drivin g Cycl e Lengt h Acceleration/Spee d Drivin g Patter nHistor y

# Runnin g Losse s 3 LA 4 Cycle s

E

^ > 

### O X 1 0

10. 4 

## Fue l RV P 11. 7 

### 8

- 6

T J