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[106th Congress Public Law 515]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]

<DOC>
[DOCID: f:publ515.106]

[[Page 114 STAT. 2399]]

Public Law 106-515
106th Congress

                                 An Act

 
       To provide grants to establish demonstration mental health 
              courts. <<NOTE: Nov. 13, 2000 -  [S. 1865]>> 

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress <<NOTE: America's Law Enforcement 
and Mental Health Project. Inter-governmental relations.>> assembled,

SECTION 1. <<NOTE: 42 USC 3711 note.>> SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``America's Law Enforcement and Mental 
Health Project''.

SEC. 2. <<NOTE: 42 USC 3796ii note.>> FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) fully 16 percent of all inmates in State prisons and 
        local jails suffer from mental illness, according to a July, 
        1999 report, conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics;
            (2) between 600,000 and 700,000 mentally ill persons are 
        annually booked in jail alone, according to the American Jail 
        Association;
            (3) estimates say 25 to 40 percent of America's mentally ill 
        will come into contact with the criminal justice system, 
        according to National Alliance for the Mentally Ill;
            (4) 75 percent of mentally ill inmates have been sentenced 
        to time in prison or jail or probation at least once prior to 
        their current sentence, according to the Bureau of Justice 
        Statistics in July, 1999; and
            (5) Broward County, Florida and King County, Washington, 
        have created separate Mental Health Courts to place nonviolent 
        mentally ill offenders into judicially monitored inpatient and 
        outpatient mental health treatment programs, where appropriate, 
        with positive results.

SEC. 3. MENTAL HEALTH COURTS.

    (a) Amendment.--Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968 is amended by inserting after part U (42 U.S.C. 
3796hh et seq.) the following:

                     ``PART V--MENTAL HEALTH COURTS

``SEC. 2201. <<NOTE: 42 USC 3796ii.>> GRANT AUTHORITY.

    ``The Attorney General shall make grants to States, State courts, 
local courts, units of local government, and Indian tribal governments, 
acting directly or through agreements with other public or nonprofit 
entities, for not more than 100 programs that involve--

[[Page 114 STAT. 2400]]

            ``(1) continuing judicial supervision, including periodic 
        review, over preliminarily qualified offenders with mental 
        illness, mental retardation, or co-occurring mental illness and 
        substance abuse disorders, who are charged with misdemeanors or 
        nonviolent offenses; and
            ``(2) the coordinated delivery of services, which includes--
                    ``(A) specialized training of law enforcement and 
                judicial personnel to identify and address the unique 
                needs of a mentally ill or mentally retarded offender;
                    ``(B) voluntary outpatient or inpatient mental 
                health treatment, in the least restrictive manner 
                appropriate, as determined by the court, that carries 
                with it the possibility of dismissal of charges or 
                reduced sentencing upon successful completion of 
                treatment;
                    ``(C) centralized case management involving the 
                consolidation of all of a mentally ill or mentally 
                retarded defendant's cases, including violations of 
                probation, and the coordination of all mental health 
                treatment plans and social services, including life 
                skills training, such as housing placement, vocational 
                training, education, job placement, health care, and 
                relapse prevention for each participant who requires 
                such services; and
                    ``(D) continuing supervision of treatment plan 
                compliance for a term not to exceed the maximum 
                allowable sentence or probation for the charged or 
                relevant offense and, to the extent practicable, 
                continuity of psychiatric care at the end of the 
                supervised period.

``SEC. 2202. <<NOTE: 42 USC 3796ii-1.>> DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this part--
            ``(1) the term `mental illness' means a diagnosable mental, 
        behavioral, or emotional disorder--
                    ``(A) of sufficient duration to meet diagnostic 
                criteria within the most recent edition of the 
                Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 
                published by the American Psychiatric Association; and
                    ``(B) that has resulted in functional impairment 
                that substantially interferes with or limits 1 or more 
                major life activities; and
            ``(2) the term `preliminarily qualified offender with mental 
        illness, mental retardation, or co-occurring mental and 
        substance abuse disorders' means a person who--
                    ``(A)(i) previously or currently has been diagnosed 
                by a qualified mental health professional as having a 
                mental illness, mental retardation, or co-occurring 
                mental illness and substance abuse disorders; or
                    ``(ii) manifests obvious signs of mental illness, 
                mental retardation, or co-occurring mental illness and 
                substance abuse disorders during arrest or confinement 
                or before any court; and
                    ``(B) is deemed eligible by designated judges.

``SEC. 2203. <<NOTE: 42 USC 3796ii-2.>> ADMINISTRATION.

    ``(a) Consultation.--The Attorney General shall consult with the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services and any other appropriate 
officials in carrying out this part.

[[Page 114 STAT. 2401]]

    ``(b) Use of Components.--The Attorney General may utilize any 
component or components of the Department of Justice in carrying out 
this part.
    ``(c) Regulatory Authority.--The Attorney General shall issue 
regulations and guidelines necessary to carry out this part which 
include, but are not limited to, the methodologies and outcome measures 
proposed for evaluating each applicant program.
    ``(d) Applications.--In addition to any other requirements that may 
be specified by the Attorney General, an application for a grant under 
this part shall--
            ``(1) include a long-term strategy and detailed 
        implementation plan;
            ``(2) explain the applicant's inability to fund the program 
        adequately without Federal assistance;
            ``(3) certify that the Federal support provided will be used 
        to supplement, and not supplant, State, Indian tribal, and local 
        sources of funding that would otherwise be available;
            ``(4) identify related governmental or community initiatives 
        which complement or will be coordinated with the proposal;
            ``(5) certify that there has been appropriate consultation 
        with all affected agencies and that there will be appropriate 
        coordination with all affected agencies in the implementation of 
        the program, including the State mental health authority;
            ``(6) certify that participating offenders will be 
        supervised by one or more designated judges with responsibility 
        for the mental health court program;
            ``(7) specify plans for obtaining necessary support and 
        continuing the proposed program following the conclusion of 
        Federal support;
            ``(8) describe the methodology and outcome measures that 
        will be used in evaluating the program; and
            ``(9) certify that participating first time offenders 
        without a history of a mental illness will receive a mental 
        health evaluation.

``SEC. 2204. <<NOTE: 42 USC 3796ii-3.>> APPLICATIONS.

    ``To request funds under this part, the chief executive or the chief 
justice of a State or the chief executive or chief judge of a unit of 
local government or Indian tribal government shall submit to the 
Attorney General an application in such form and containing such 
information as the Attorney General may reasonably require.

``SEC. 2205. <<NOTE: 42 USC 3796ii-4.>> FEDERAL SHARE.

    ``The Federal share of a grant made under this part may not exceed 
75 percent of the total costs of the program described in the 
application submitted under section 2204 for the fiscal year for which 
the program receives assistance under this part, unless the Attorney 
General waives, wholly or in part, the requirement of a matching 
contribution under this section. The use of the Federal share of a grant 
made under this part shall be limited to new expenses necessitated by 
the proposed program, including the development of treatment services 
and the hiring and training of personnel. In-kind contributions may 
constitute a portion of the non-Federal share of a grant.

``SEC. 2206. <<NOTE: 42 USC 3796ii-5.>> GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.

    ``The Attorney General shall ensure that, to the extent practicable, 
an equitable geographic distribution of grant awards is

[[Page 114 STAT. 2402]]

made that considers the special needs of rural communities, Indian 
tribes, and Alaska Natives.

``SEC. 2207. <<NOTE: 42 USC 3796ii-6.>> REPORT.

    ``A State, Indian tribal government, or unit of local government 
that receives funds under this part during a fiscal year shall submit to 
the Attorney General a report in March of the following year regarding 
the effectiveness of this part.

``SEC. 2208. <<NOTE: 42 USC 3796ii-7.>> TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TRAINING, 
            AND EVALUATION.

    ``(a) Technical Assistance and Training.--The Attorney General may 
provide technical assistance and training in furtherance of the purposes 
of this part.
    ``(b) Evaluations.--In addition to any evaluation requirements that 
may be prescribed for grantees, the Attorney General may carry out or 
make arrangements for evaluations of programs that receive support under 
this part.
    ``(c) Administration.--The technical assistance, training, and 
evaluations authorized by this section may be carried out directly by 
the Attorney General, in collaboration with the Secretary of Health and 
Human Services, or through grants, contracts, or other cooperative 
arrangements with other entities.''.
    (b) Technical Amendment.--The table of contents of title I of the 
Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3711 et 
seq.), is amended by inserting after part U the following:

                     ``Part V--Mental Health Courts

``Sec. 2201. Grant authority.
``Sec. 2202. Definitions.
``Sec. 2203. Administration.
``Sec. 2204. Applications.
``Sec. 2205. Federal share.
``Sec. 2206. Geographic distribution.
``Sec. 2207. Report.
``Sec. 2208. Technical assistance, training, and evaluation.''.

[[Page 114 STAT. 2403]]

    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 1001(a) of title I of 
the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 
3793(a)) is amended by inserting after paragraph (19) the following:
    ``(20) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out part V, 
$10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2001 through 2004.''.

    Approved November 13, 2000.

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--S. 1865:
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 146 (2000):
            Sept. 26, considered and passed Senate.
            Oct. 24, considered and passed House.

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