San Joaquin Valley

Air Pollution Control District

PERMIT UNIT REQUIREMENTS CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE

These terms and conditions are part of the Facility-wide Permit to Operate.

Facility Name: COVANTA STANISLAUS, INC

Location: 4040 FINK RD,CROWS LANDING, CA 95313

N-2073-1-10 : Sep 11 2012 12:01PM -- TOMS

PERMIT UNIT: N-2073-1-10 EXPIRATION DATE: 10/31/2016

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION:

POWER GENERATION SYSTEM: TWO 400 TON/DAY MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE COMBUSTOR/BOILERS 

PRODUCING 21.5 MW OF ELECTRICITY EQUIPPED WITH DRY LIME SCRUBBERS, FLY ASH BAGHOUSE, 

AMMONIA INJECTION SYSTEM, LIME SLURRY INJECTION, ACTIVATED CARBON INJECTION SYSTEM, LIME AND 

SODA AND CARBON SILOS WITH FILTER VENTS, WASTE RECEIVING, ASH CONVEYING, AND ASH RESIDUE 

ENCLOSURE

PERMIT UNIT REQUIREMENTS

1. All equipment, facilities and systems installed or used to comply with the terms and conditions of this Permit to 

Operate shall be maintained in good working order and be operated as required to meet the conditions of this permit. 

Operator shall, on each boiler, continuously operate and maintain the following air pollution controls to minimize 

emissions: baghouse for the control of particulates; lime slurry dry scrubber for t he control of SO2 and acid gas 

emissions; and ammonia injection system for the control of NOx emissions. [District Rule 2080 & PSD SJ 86-03] 

Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

2. The baghouse shall be equipped with a pressure differential gauge to indicate the pressure drop across the bags. The 

gauge shall be maintained in good working condition at all times and shall be located in an easily accessible location. 

[District NSR Rule and 40 CFR Part 64] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

3. The baghouse shall have a maximum effective air-to-cloth ratio of 4:1 and shall be equipped with an automatic 

cleaning mechanism. [District NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

4. Replacement bags numbering at least 10% of the total number of bags in the largest individual combustion unit 

baghouse using each type of bag shall be maintained on the premises. [District NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable 

Through Title V Permit

5. There shall be no visible emissions from any location other than designated vents on refuse receiving, processing or 

storage buildings at any time, except as provided in this permit to operate. Visible emissions shall be inspected 

quarterly under material and environmental conditions, such as dry and windy, where high emissions are expected. 

[District Rules 2520, 9.3.2 and NSR] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

6. Paved areas shall be kept free of visible dust at all times and shall be vacuum swept at least once every fourteen days. 

Records of vacuum sweeping shall be maintained and made available to the District upon request. [District Rule 4102]

7. The NOx control system shall be in full use whenever this equipment is fired with MSW. [District NSR Rule] 

Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

8. The ash shall be handled in such a manner as to mitigate fugitive emissions to the maximum extent possible. Enclosure 

shall be completely inspected annually for evidence of particulate matter leaks and repaired as needed. [District Rules 

2520, 9.3.2 and NSR] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

9. The facility shall not cause visible emissions from ash conveying systems, including transfer points, in excess of 5% of 

the observation period, as determined by performing EPA Method 22 on a quarterly basis. Fugitive ash emissions do 

not include emissions within a building, an enclosed ash conveyor, or during periods of maintenance and repair of the 

ash conveyor systems. [40 CFR 60.36b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit
Permit Unit Requirements for N-2073-1-10 (continued) Page 2 of 10

PERMIT UNIT REQUIREMENTS CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE

These terms and conditions are part of the Facility-wide Permit to Operate.

Facility Name: COVANTA STANISLAUS, INC

Location: 4040 FINK RD,CROWS LANDING, CA 95313

N-2073-1-10 : Sep 11 2012 12:01PM -- TOMS

10. Fuel Oil #2, with a sulfur content not to exceed 0.25% by weight, may be used as necessary to maintain the minimum 

combustion zone temperature requirements and annual usage shall not exceed 1,108,321 gallons for each combustor. 

[District NSR Rule, 40 CFR 60. 44b(c) & PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

11. A furnace roof temperature of 1,100 degrees F shall be stabilized, as measured by multiple thermocouples, to ensure 

that a minimum temperature of 1,800 degrees F is established above the grate prior to the ignition of MSW. [District 

NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

12. During any period of time that MSW is burning on the grates, the combustion gas retention time shall be maintained at 

a minimum of one second, the combustion zone temperature shall be maintained at a minimum of 1,800 degrees F, and 

the furnace roof temperature shall be maintained at an average (4 hour arithmetic block) of 1,100 degrees F, except 

during periods of start-up, shutdown, and malfunction, as defined in 40 CFR 60.58b(a). [District NSR Rule] Federally 

Enforceable Through Title V Permit

13. Hazardous materials shall not be burned in this equipment. Hazardous materials are that portion of solid waste which, 

by reason of its composition or characteristics, is: (a) hazardous waste as defined in the Solid Waste Disposal Act, 42 

USC section 6901 et. seq., and the regulations thereunder, the California Health & Safety Code, Div. 20, Chs. 6.5, 6.7, 

and 6.8 (section 25100 et. seq.), the California Code of Regulations, Title 22, Div. 4.5, and any similar or substituted 

legislation or regulations or amendments to the foregoing; (b) any other materials which any governmental agency or 

unit having appropriate jurisdiction shall determine from time to time is harmful, toxic, or dangerous, or otherwise 

ineligible for disposal through the facility; and (c) any material, other than residential or commercial solid waste of the 

type historically collected by the County and the City as acceptable for disposal into non-hazardous waste landfills, 

which would result in process residue being hazardous waste under (a) or (b) above. [District Rule 4102]

14. The facility shall develop and annually update a site-specific operating manual in accordance with 40 CFR 60.54b(e). 

[40 CFR 60.35b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

15. Each operator and all maintenance personnel shall receive initial and annual training on the site-specific operating 

manual in accordance with 40 CFR 60.54b(f). [40 CFR 60.35b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

16. The site-specific operating manual and operating manual training records shall be accessible to all operations and 

maintenance personnel and shall be made available to the enforcement agency upon request. [40 CFR 60.35b] 

Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

17. The District reserves the right to require the permittee to re-evaluate the health risk assessment if there is a significant 

change in population locations as projected in the currently approved health risk assessment, or new health data 

becomes available. [District Rule 4102]

18. During any 3-hour periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the facility shall be exempt from emission limits 

identified in this permit which are based upon 40 CFR 60 Subpart Cb or Subpart Eb. This exemption shall not apply to 

CO emission limits of 40 CFR 60.53b(a) if the malfunction is a loss of boiler water level control. [District NSR Rule] 

Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

19. Opacity exhibited by the gases discharged to the atmosphere from each combustion unit, other than water vapor, shall 

not exceed 10 percent based on a six minute average as measured by EPA Method 9. [40 CFR 60.33b and 40 CFR Part 

64] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

20. The carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 100 ppmv, dry, corrected to 7% O2, 

as measured utilizing EPA Methods 1-4 and 10. Compliance with this limit shall be determined based on a four hour 

block arithmetic average as defined in 40 CFR 60.51b. [District Rule 4352 and 40 CFR 60.34b] Federally Enforceable 

Through Title V Permit

21. The NOx emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 200 ppmv, dry, corrected to 12% CO2 as measured by 

EPA Methods 1-4 and 7E. Compliance with this limit shall be determined based on an eight rolling hour average. 

[District NSR Rule, District Rule 4352, and 40 CFR 60.33b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

22. Either the SO2 emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 30 ppmv, dry, corrected to 12% CO2, based on 

an eight hour rolling average, or the SO2 removal efficiency shall be at least 80% as measured by EPA Methods 1-4 

and 6C. The SO2 80% removal efficiency shall be based on the measurement of the inlet and outlet SO2 

concentrations, corrected to 12% CO2. [District NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit
Permit Unit Requirements for N-2073-1-10 (continued) Page 3 of 10

PERMIT UNIT REQUIREMENTS CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE

These terms and conditions are part of the Facility-wide Permit to Operate.

Facility Name: COVANTA STANISLAUS, INC

Location: 4040 FINK RD,CROWS LANDING, CA 95313

N-2073-1-10 : Sep 11 2012 12:01PM -- TOMS

23. The SO2 emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 29 ppmv, dry, corrected to 12% CO2, or the SO2 

removal efficiency shall be at least 75% (by weight or volume), whichever is less stringent as measured by EPA 

Methods 1-4 and 6C. Compliance with this limit shall be determined based on a 24-hour daily geometric mean. EPA 

method 19 shall be used to calculate the daily geometric average sulfur dioxide emission concentration and removal 

efficiency. [40 CFR 60.33b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

24. Particulate matter emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.0275 gr/dscf, corrected to 12% CO2, as 

measured by EPA Methods 1 through 5, including the condensable portion in the "back-half". [District NSR Rule] 

Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

25. Filterable particulate matter (i.e. front half) emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed any of the following 

emission limits: 0.011 gr/dscf, corrected to 12% CO2; 25 milligrams/dscf, corrected to 7% O2; 0.10 lb/MMBtu heat 

input. Owner or operator shall conduct a performance test for particulate matter on a calendar year basis (no less than 

9 calendar months and no more than 15 calendar months following the previous performance test, and must complete 

five performance tests in each 5-year calendar period) with EPA Method 1; EPA Method 3, 3A, or 3B; and EPA 

Method 5. The minimum sample volume shall be 1.7 cubic meters. The probe and filter holder heating systems in the 

sample train shall be set to provide a gas temperature no greater than 160 degrees C. An oxygen or carbon dioxide 

measurement shall be obtained simultaneously with each Method 5 run. [District NSR Rule, 40 CFR 60.33b, 40 CFR 

60.38b, and 40 CFR 60.43b(d)(1)] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

26. Filterable particulate matter emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.008 gr/dscf, corrected to 12% 

CO2, for the fraction of particles less than 2u in diameter, as measured by Andersen Cascade Impactor, Flow Sensor 

Multiclone or any other equivalent measurement as validated by EPA Method 301. [District NSR Rule] Federally 

Enforceable Through Title V Permit

27. Each combustion unit shall only be allowed to emit half of the total allowable (mass) emission rate for each pollutant. 

[District NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

28. The CO emissions shall not exceed 800 pounds in any one day. [District NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable Through 

Title V Permit

29. The CO emissions shall not exceed 121.9 tons/yr. [District NSR Rule & PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable 

Through Title V Permit

30. The NOx emissions shall not exceed 2,260 pounds in any one day. [District NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable Through 

Title V Permit

31. The NOx emissions shall not exceed 344.4 tons/year. [District NSR Rule & PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable 

Through Title V Permit

32. The SO2 emissions shall not exceed 800 pounds in any one day. [District NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable Through 

Title V Permit

33. The SO2 emissions shall not exceed 121.9 tons/year. [District NSR Rule & PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable 

Through Title V Permit

34. The PM emissions shall not exceed 475 pounds in any one day. Particulate matter emissions shall not exceed the 

hourly rate as calculated in District Rule 4202 using the equation E=3.59xP^0.62 if P is less than or equal to 30 tons 

per hour, or E=17.37xP^0.16 if P is greater than 30 tons per hour. Particulate emissions shall be no more than 0.1 lbs 

per 100 lbs of combustible refuse charged. [District Rules NSR, 4202, and 4203, 4.3] Federally Enforceable Through 

Title V Permit

35. The PM emissions shall not exceed 72.4 tons/year. [District NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit
Permit Unit Requirements for N-2073-1-10 (continued) Page 4 of 10

PERMIT UNIT REQUIREMENTS CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE

These terms and conditions are part of the Facility-wide Permit to Operate.

Facility Name: COVANTA STANISLAUS, INC

Location: 4040 FINK RD,CROWS LANDING, CA 95313

N-2073-1-10 : Sep 11 2012 12:01PM -- TOMS

36. Emissions of combustion contaminants from each fuel burning equipment unit shall not exceed 0.1 gr/dscf, corrected 

to 12% CO2, and 10 lb/hr. Combustion contaminants are defined as total PM (filterable plus condensable) minus the 

ammonium salts (e.g. ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bisulfate, etc.) present in the condensable 

PM fraction. A "fuel burning equipment unit" is the minimum number of fuel burning equipment required to operate 

simultaneously for the production of useful heat. Compliance with this emission limit shall be demonstrated annually 

by source test conducted according to EPA Methods 5 and 202 (or other APCO approved methods). Ammonium salts 

in the condensable PM fraction shall be determined by analysis of the condensable PM fraction by ion chromatography 

(or other APCO approved method). [District Rule 4301] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

37. The THC emissions shall not exceed 96 pounds in any one day. [District NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable Through 

Title V Permit

38. The THC emissions shall not exceed 14.6 tons/year. [District NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable Through Title V 

Permit

39. The THC emissions (as CH4) from each combustion unit shall not exceed 70 ppmv, dry, corrected to 12% CO2 as 

measured by EPA Methods 1-4 and 25A. [District NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

40. Ammonia (NH3) breakthrough of the exhaust shall not exceed 50 ppmv, dry, as measured by BAAQMD Method ST1B. The facility shall be exempt from this condition for periods of start-up, shutdown, and malfunction as defined in 

40 CFR 60.58b(a). [District Rule 4102]

41. The Antimony emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.0315 g/s as measured by CARB Method 436. 

[District Rule 4102]

42. The Arsenic emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.0005 g/s as measured by CARB Method 436. 

[District Rule 4102]

43. The Beryllium emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.00005 g/s as measured by CARB Method 436. 

[District Rule 4102]

44. The Cadmium emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed either of the following: 0.0013 g/s; 0.035 

milligrams/dscf, corrected to 7% O2; each as measured by EPA Methods 1, 3, and 29 [40 CFR 60.33b and District 

Rule 4102] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

45. The Chromium +6 emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.00005 g/s as measured by CARB Method 

436 (5% of the total chromium shall be considered to be hexavalent chromium). [District Rule 4102]

46. The Copper emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.155 g/s as measured by CARB Method 436. 

[District Rule 4102]

47. The Dioxin/Furan emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 30 ng/dscm (total mass), corrected to 7% O2, 

as measured by EPA Method 23. [40 CFR 60.33b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

48. The Dioxin/Furan emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 50 ng/s, based on the Department of Health 

Services toxic equivalent calculation. [District Rule 4102]

49. The Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.05 g/s as measured by EPA 

Method 26. [District Rule 4102]

50. The Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed either of the following: 1.4 g/s; 

29 ppmv or the HCl removal efficiency shall be at least 95% (by weight or volume), whichever is less stringent, 

corrected to 7% O2; each as measured by EPA Method 26. [40 CFR 60.33b and District Rule 4102] Federally 

Enforceable Through Title V Permit

51. The Lead emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed either of the following: 0.014 g/s; 0.400 

milligrams/dscf, corrected to 7% O2; each as measured by EPA Methods 1, 3, and 29. [40 CFR 60.33b and District 

Rule 4102] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

52. The Manganese emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.055 g/s as measured by CARB Method 436. 

[District Rule 4102]
Permit Unit Requirements for N-2073-1-10 (continued) Page 5 of 10

PERMIT UNIT REQUIREMENTS CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE

These terms and conditions are part of the Facility-wide Permit to Operate.

Facility Name: COVANTA STANISLAUS, INC

Location: 4040 FINK RD,CROWS LANDING, CA 95313

N-2073-1-10 : Sep 11 2012 12:01PM -- TOMS

53. The Mercury emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.050 mg/dscm, corrected to 7% O2, or the 

mercury removal efficiency shall be at least 85% by weight, whichever is less stringent, as measured by EPA Methods 

1, 3, and 29. [40 CFR 60.33b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

54. The Mercury emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.0025 g/s (3-hour average). [PSD ATC SJ 86-03 

and District Rule 4102] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

55. The Nickel emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.025 g/s as measured by CARB Method 436. 

[District Rule 4102]

56. The Selenium emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.055 g/s as measured by CARB Method 436. 

[District Rule 4102]

57. The Vanadium emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.15 g/s as measured by CARB Method 436. 

[District Rule 4102]

58. The Zinc emissions from each combustion unit shall not exceed 0.315 g/s as measured by CARB Method 436. [District 

Rule 4102]

59. The mass emission rates shall be calculated from the hourly stack concentrations and the volumetric flow rate using 

municipal solid waste Carbon Dioxide based F-factor of 1820 dscf/MMBtu (EPA Method 19, Table 19-2). [District 

NSR Rule & PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

60. The total steam generated from each boiler shall not exceed 110% of the maximum demonstrated combustion unit load 

achieved in the most recent Dioxin/Furan performance test, as defined in 40 CFR 60.51b. [40 CFR 60.34b(b)] 

Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

61. The maximum flue gas temperature, measured at the particulate matter control device inlet from each boiler, shall not 

be higher than 17 deg. C (31 deg. F) above the maximum demonstrated particulate matter control device temperature 

as defined in 40 CFR 60.51b. [40 CFR 60.34b(b)] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

62. The steam load and particulate matter control device inlet flue gas temperature limitations shall apply at all times 

except during the annual Dioxin/Furan performance test, the two weeks preceding the annual Dioxin/Furan 

performance test, and when the facility obtains a waiver in accordance with permission granted by the Administrator or 

the Air Pollution Control Officer. [40 CFR 60.53b(b)] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

63. The ammonia (NH3) injection rate shall be measured and recorded continuously. [District NSR Rule] Federally 

Enforceable Through Title V Permit

64. The facility shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a carbon dioxide CEM at the economizer and stack locations 

of each combustion unit, in accordance with 40 CFR 60.58b(b) and Appendices B and F. [40 CFR 60.38b and District 

Rule 4352] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

65. The facility shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous opacity monitoring system in accordance with 

40 CFR 60.13 and Appendix B. [40 CFR 60.38b and 40 CFR Part 64] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

66. The facility shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a sulfur dioxide CEM at the stack locations in accordance 

with 40 CFR 60.58b(e) and Appendices B and F. [40 CFR 60.38b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

67. The facility shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a nitrogen oxides CEM at the stack locations in accordance 

with 40 CFR 60.58b(h) and Appendices B and F. [40 CFR 60.38b and District Rule 4352] Federally Enforceable 

Through Title V Permit

68. The facility shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a carbon monoxide CEM at the stack locations in accordance 

with 40 CFR 60.58b(i) and Appendices B and F. [40 CFR 60.38b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

69. The facility shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous steam flow monitoring and recording device and 

a device to measure temperature at the inlet of each particulate matter control device in accordance with 40 CFR 

60.58b(i). [40 CFR 60.38b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit
Permit Unit Requirements for N-2073-1-10 (continued) Page 6 of 10

PERMIT UNIT REQUIREMENTS CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE

These terms and conditions are part of the Facility-wide Permit to Operate.

Facility Name: COVANTA STANISLAUS, INC

Location: 4040 FINK RD,CROWS LANDING, CA 95313

N-2073-1-10 : Sep 11 2012 12:01PM -- TOMS

70. The permittee shall be responsible for providing the District access, via telemetry, to the stored computerized data 

associated with the continuous emission monitoring system. [District Rule 1080, 7.0] Federally Enforceable Through 

Title V Permit

71. Continuous monitoring and recording equipment shall be provided for the following: No. 2 fuel oil burning rate and 

temperature. Each combustion unit shall have sufficient monitors to demonstrate combustion unit temperature profile 

as required in condition 12 and flue gas temperature into the particulate matter control device as required by condition 

61. [District Rule 1080, 7.0] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

72. In the event that monitoring or test data show that emissions from the facility exceed any emission limitation 

conditions of this Permit to Operate, the permittee shall take immediate corrective action to bring the plant's emissions 

within these limitations. [District NSR Rule] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

73. Emissions in excess of those allowed by this permit shall be cause for the District to order an immediate reduction in 

fuel feed rate or to take other appropriate abatement action. [District Rule 2080] Federally Enforceable Through Title 

V Permit

74. The permittee shall notify the District of any emission violation by the next working day after such violation has 

occurred. [District Rule 2080] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

75. Performance testing to demonstrate compliance with permit conditions shall be conducted annually (at least every 

calender year but no later than 12 months from previous performance testing). The main exhaust stack shall be 

equipped with permanent provisions to allow collection of stack gas samples using approved test methods. [District 

Rule 1081, 3.0, 4.0 & PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

76. Performance testing shall be conducted using the methods and procedures approved by the District. The District must 

be notified 30 days prior to any performance test, and a test plan must be submitted for approval 15 days prior to 

testing. [District Rule 1081, 7.1] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

77. The results of each performance test shall be submitted to the District within 60 days thereafter. [District Rule 1081, 

7.3] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

78. Performance tests shall include a test of both combustion unit exhausts following the baghouse for the following 

parameters, corrected to 12% CO2 on a dry basis: Oxides of nitrogen emissions; Total hydrocarbons, as methane; 

Carbon monoxide; Sulfur dioxide; Concentrations of gaseous ammonia (NH3); and Exhaust flow rate, wet and dry. 

[District Rule 1081, 4.0]

79. Performance tests shall include: Total particulate matter emission concentration corrected to 12% CO2 and shall be 

conducted including the condensable portion in the "back half"; and Filterable particulate matter emission 

concentration corrected to 12% CO2 and shall be conducted including only "front-half". If the measured Filterable 

particulate matter emission concentration is greater than 0.008 gr/dscf, corrected to 12% CO2, testing shall be 

conducted to verify compliance with condition 26. [District Rule 1081, 4.0] Federally Enforceable Through Title V 

Permit

80. Performance tests shall include a test of both combustion unit exhausts following the baghouse for the following 

parameters, corrected to 12% CO2 on a dry basis: Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (Benzo-A-Pyrene, Benzo-EPyrene, Benzo-A-Anthracene, and Coronene and PCB); and Dioxins and Furans. [District Rule 1081, 4.0] Federally 

Enforceable Through Title V Permit

81. The following Dioxin isomers & homologues shall be measured in both the combustion unit exhausts: 2,3,7,8 tetra 

CDD; total tetra CDD; 1,2,3,7,8 penta CDD; total penta CDD; 1,2,3,4,7,8 hexa CDD; 1,2,3,6,7,8 hexa CDD; 

1,2,3,7,8,9 hexa CDD; total hexa CDD; 1,2,3,4,6,7,8 hepta CDD; total hepta CDD; total octa CDD. [District Rule 

1081, 4.0] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

82. The following Furan isomers & homologues shall be measured in both the combustion unit exhausts: 2,3,7,8 tetra 

CDF; total tetra CDF; 1,2,3,7,8 penta CDF; 2,3,4,7,8 penta CDF; total penta CDF; 1,2,3,4,7,8 hexa CDF; 1,2,3,6,7,8 

hexa CDF; 1,2,3,7,8,9 hexa CDF; 2,3,4,6,7,8 hexa CDF; total hexa CDF; 1,2,3,4,6,7,8 hepta CDF; 1,2,3,4,7,8,9 hepta 

CDF; total hepta CDF; total octa CDF. [District Rule 1081, 4.0] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit
Permit Unit Requirements for N-2073-1-10 (continued) Page 7 of 10

PERMIT UNIT REQUIREMENTS CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE

These terms and conditions are part of the Facility-wide Permit to Operate.

Facility Name: COVANTA STANISLAUS, INC

Location: 4040 FINK RD,CROWS LANDING, CA 95313

N-2073-1-10 : Sep 11 2012 12:01PM -- TOMS

83. The facility may elect to alternate Dioxin/Furan testing on each stack, if the previous two years indicate Dioxin/Furan 

emissions levels are less than or equal to 15 ng/dscm total mass, corrected to 12% CO2. [40 CFR 60.38b and District 

Rule 4102] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

84. Performance tests of both combustion unit exhausts shall be performed for HCl, corrected to 12% CO2 on a dry basis, 

and for the following heavy metals, corrected to 12% CO2 on a dry basis: Antimony, Arsenic, Beryllium, Cadmium, 

Total Chromium (5% of the total chromium shall be considered to be hexavalent chromium), Copper, Lead, 

Manganese, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium, Vanadium, and Zinc. [District Rule 1081, 4.0] Federally Enforceable Through 

Title V Permit

85. A performance test of both combustion unit exhausts shall be performed for HF, corrected to 12% CO2 on a dry basis. 

[District Rule 4102]

86. Cooling tower drift shall not exceed 0.005 percent of the circulating water flow or a maximum annual drift emission 

rate of 1,090,000 kg/year as demonstrated by design calculations. Chromium compounds shall not be used as an 

additive in the cooling tower water. [District Rule 4102]

87. Soot blowers or super heater rappers shall be operated in a mode consistent with normal cleaning requirements of the 

system during the performance tests. [District Rule 1081, 4.0] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

88. The facility shall submit an annual report in accordance with 40 CFR 60.59b(g) by February 1 of each year following 

the calendar year in which the data were collected. [40 CFR 60.39b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

89. The facility shall submit semiannual reports within 31 days following the end of each 6 month period in accordance 

with 40 CFR 60.59b(h). [40 CFR 60.39b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

90. A monthly report summarizing the quantity of pollutant emissions of SO2, NOx, and CO, based on data from the CEM 

system, shall be included in the information required by following condition. Copies of the monthly reports prepared 

pursuant to this condition shall be sent to the district office by the 15th day of the following month. [District Rule 

1070, 4.0] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

91. Permittee shall maintain a complete file containing all measurements, records, required monitoring data and support 

information. Support information includes copies of all reports required by this permit and for continuous monitoring 

instrumentation, and all calibration and maintenance records. This file shall include, but not be limited to: (a) Data 

collected from in-stack monitoring instruments; (b) Input rate records for all fuels burned; (c) Purchase records that 

indicate the sulfur content, by weight, of all fuel oil #2 purchased; (d) Results of all source tests; (e) All other air 

pollution system performance evaluations and records of calibration checks, calibration gas cylinder changes, 

adjustments and maintenance performed on all equipment (including CEM adjustment or maintenance). [District Rule 

1070, 4.0 & PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

92. Records shall be kept for each unit with the following: (a) Specific time of operation of each combustion unit; (b) 

Specific time of operation of the auxiliary burners; (c) Equipment breakdowns or malfunctions; (d) Exceedances of 

emission standards. [District Rule 1070, 4.0] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

93. The permittee shall follow all written maintenance procedures and schedules for the following: all emissions control 

equipment, combustion units, and monitoring equipment for measuring emission levels. [District Rule 1070, 4.0] 

Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

94. Operating and maintenance manuals, subject to District review, shall be provided for the equipment covered by this 

permit. The permittee's operators shall be trained in the operation and maintenance of both fuel burning and pollution 

control equipment. [District Rule 1070, 4.0] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

95. If the Fuel Oil #2 is Air Resources Board regulated diesel fuel, with a supplier certified sulfur content less than 0.25% 

by weight, the operator shall maintain copies of all fuel invoices and supplier certifications. [District Rule 2520, 9.3.2] 

Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

96. If the Fuel Oil #2 is non-certified for sulfur content of less than 0.25% by weight, then the owner or operator shall 

determine the sulfur content of each delivery of Fuel Oil being fired. The sulfur content shall be determined using 

ASTM method D 2880. [District Rule 2520, 9.3.2] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit
Permit Unit Requirements for N-2073-1-10 (continued) Page 8 of 10

PERMIT UNIT REQUIREMENTS CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE

These terms and conditions are part of the Facility-wide Permit to Operate.

Facility Name: COVANTA STANISLAUS, INC

Location: 4040 FINK RD,CROWS LANDING, CA 95313

N-2073-1-10 : Sep 11 2012 12:01PM -- TOMS

97. Permittee shall provide access to all sampling ports and platforms on boiler exhaust stacks in accordance with 40 CFR 

60.8(e) and District Rule 1081 (as amended 12/16/93). [District Rule 1081, 3.3; & PSD SJ 86-03] Federally 

Enforceable Through Title V Permit

98. The SO2 emissions from both combustion units shall be more stringent of 35.6 lb/hr or 42 ppm, dry, corrected to 12% 

CO2, averaged over three hour period and more stringent of 33.3 lb/hr or 40 ppm, dry, corrected to 12% CO2, 

averaged over a 24 hour period. [PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

99. The NOx emissions from both combustion units shall be more stringent of 107 lb/hr or 175 ppm, dry, corrected to 12% 

CO2, averaged over three hour period and more stringent of 100 lb/hr or 165 ppm, dry, corrected to 12% CO2, 

averaged over a 24 hour period. [PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

100. The CO emissions from both combustion units shall be 33.3 lb/hr or 400 ppm, dry, corrected to 12% CO2 (3-hour 

average). [PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

101. The Mercury emissions from both combustion units shall not exceed 0.083 lb/hr (3-hour average) as measured by EPA 

Method 101. Upon EPA approval of a change to the facility PSD permit allowing Method 29 to be used in place of 

Method 101, Method 29 may be used to measure Mercury emissions. (40 CFR Part 61, Appendix B). [PSD SJ 86-03] 

Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

102. Permittee shall submit a written report of all excess emissions to EPA (Attn: A-3-3) for every calendar quarter. The 

report shall include the following: (a) the magnitude of excess emissions computed in accordance with 40 CFR 

60.13(h), any conversion factors used, and the date and time of commencement and completion of each time period of 

excess emissions. (b) Specific identification of each time period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, 

shutdowns, and malfunctions of furnace/boiler system. The nature and cause of malfunction (if known) and corrective 

action taken or preventive measures adopted shall be reported. (c) The date and time identifying each period during 

which continuous monitoring system was inoperative except for zero and span checks, and the nature of the system 

repairs and adjustments. (d) When no excess emissions have occurred or the continuous monitoring system has not 

been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted, such information shall be stated in report. (e) Excess emissions shall be defined 

as any three-hour period during which the average emissions of NOx, SO2, and/or CO, as measured by continuous 

monitoring system exceeds the NOx, SO2, and/or CO emission limit set for each of the pollutants. (f) Excess 

emissions indicated by the CEM system shall be considered violations of the applicable emission limit for purposes of 

PSD permit. [PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

103. The calculation of annual emissions shall commence with the submission of the first fourth-quarter report, and will 

continue to be calculated and submitted with each successive quarterly report. The annual emissions shall be computed 

on a daily (i.e. 24 hours) basis and shall be running total of the latest 8,760 hours. The quarterly reports shall contain 

highest annual emissions computed for each week in the quarter, as well as all excesses of the annual emissions limits. 

[PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

104. Permittee shall meet all applicable requirements of Subparts A, Db, and E of 40 CFR 60. [PSD SJ 86-03] Federally 

Enforceable Through Title V Permit

105. Permittee shall comply with following activated carbon mass feed requirements: (1) During the initial performance test 

and each subsequent performance test for dioxins/furans and mercury, as applicable, the permittee shall calculate and 

record an average carbon mass feed rate in pounds per hour being employed based on load cell measurements of 

carbon feed during the test; (2) During operation of the facility, the carbon injection mass feed rate must be measured 

using load cells, calculated and recorded on an eight (8) hour block average basis, and must equal or exceed the 

level(s) documented during the most recent performance tests for dioxins/furans and mercury. When calculating the 

eight (8) hour block average, exclude the hours when the combustion unit is not operational and include the hours 

when the combustion unit is operating but the carbon feed system is not working properly. [40 CFR 60.38b & 40 CFR 

60.58b(m)(1), (2)] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

106. The permittee shall estimate the total carbon usage of the plant (kilograms or pounds) for each calendar quarter by two 

independent methods, according to the following procedures: (1) The weight of carbon delivered to the plant. (2) The 

permittee shall estimate the average carbon mass feed rate for each during the operation of each combustion unit, and 

sum the results for both units at the plant for the total number of hours of operation during the calendar quarter. [40 

CFR 60.38b & 40 CFR 60.58b(m)] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit
Permit Unit Requirements for N-2073-1-10 (continued) Page 9 of 10

PERMIT UNIT REQUIREMENTS CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE

These terms and conditions are part of the Facility-wide Permit to Operate.

Facility Name: COVANTA STANISLAUS, INC

Location: 4040 FINK RD,CROWS LANDING, CA 95313

N-2073-1-10 : Sep 11 2012 12:01PM -- TOMS

107. Should additional guidance related to the June 3, 1986 PSD remand, applicable to PSD permit action, be developed, 

the Permittee shall provide to EPA any such analysis, data, or demonstration of compliance with the other 

requirements within the time required by the guidance. [PSD SJ 86-03] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

108. The Regional Administrator shall be notified by telephone within 48 hours following any failure of air pollution 

control equipment, process equipment, or of a process to operate in a normal manner which results in an increase in 

emissions above any allowable emissions limit stated in Section VIII of these conditions. In addition, the Regional 

Administrator shall be notified in writing within fifteen (15) days of any such failure. This notification shall include a 

description of the malfunctioning equipment or abnormal operation, the date of the initial failure, the period of time 

over which emissions were increased due to the failure, the cause of the failure, the estimated resultant emissions in 

excess of those allowed under Section IX of these conditions, and the methods utilized to restore normal operations. 

Compliance with this malfunction notification provision shall not excuse or otherwise constitute a defense to any 

violations of this permit or of any law or regulations which such malfunction may cause. [PSD SJ 86-03] Federally 

Enforceable Through Title V Permit

109. Facility shall operate only when a fully certified chief facility operator or fully certified shift supervisor is on duty, 

except as allowed under 40 CFR 60.54b(c)(2). [40 CFR 60.35b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

110. All chief facility operators, shift supervisors, and control room operators shall have completed the EPA or State 

municipal waste combustor operator training course. [40 CFR 60.35b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

111. Owner or operator shall conduct a performance test for opacity on a calendar year basis (no less than 9 calendar 

months and no more than 15 calendar months following the previous performance test, and must complete five 

performance tests in each 5-year calendar period) using EPA Method 9 and the average of three test runs to determine 

compliance. [40 CFR 60.38b] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

112. Permittee shall establish parameters for the differential pressure across the baghouse filter, which provides a 

reasonable assurance of ongoing compliance with emission limitations stated in this permit. The initial parameters 

shall be established using manufacturer/supplier recommendations and by correlating with opacity readings and source 

test results. These parameters shall be reviewed annually and revised if necessary based on PM10 source test result 

data, historical operating data and manufacturer/supplier recommendations. [40 CFR Part 64] Federally Enforceable 

Through Title V Permit

113. The baghouse differential operating pressure shall be monitored and recorded on each day the solid waste 

combustors/boilers operate. The permittee shall compare the readings with the acceptable range. Upon detecting any 

excursion from the acceptable range pressure readings, the permittee shall investigate the excursion and take corrective 

action to minimize excessive emissions and prevent recurrence of the excursion as expeditiously as practicable. [40 

CFR Part 64] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

114. The permittee shall comply with the compliance assurance monitoring operation and maintenance requirements of 40 

CFR part 64.7. [40 CFR 64] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

115. If the District or EPA determine that a Quality improvement Plan is required under 40 CFR 64.7(d)(2), the permittee 

shall develop and implement the Quality Improvement Plan in accordance with 40 CFR 64.8. [40 CFR Part 64] 

Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

116. The permittee shall comply with the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of 40 CFR 64.9 [40 CFR Part 64] 

Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

117. During any 96-hour periods of startup or 12-hour periods of shutdown, the facility shall be exempt from emission 

limits identified in this permit which are based upon District Rule 4352. [District Rule 4352] Federally Enforceable 

Through Title V Permit

118. Within 6 months of the renewed Title V permit being issued, permittee shall apply for an Authority to Construct 

(ATC) and fully implement one of the following: 1) modify post-control PM10 emissions rate to less than 70 tons/yr or 

2) install on the baghouse an air leak detection system or continuous PM10 emissions monitor. [40 CFR Part 64] 

Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit
Permit Unit Requirements for N-2073-1-10 (continued) Page 10 of 10

These terms and conditions are part of the Facility-wide Permit to Operate.

Facility Name: COVANTA STANISLAUS, INC

Location: 4040 FINK RD,CROWS LANDING, CA 95313

N-2073-1-10 : Sep 11 2012 12:01PM -- TOMS

119. Upon detecting any excursion from the 10% opacity limit, the permittee shall investigate the excursion and take 

corrective action to minimize excessive emissions and prevent recurrence of the excursion as expeditiously as 

practicable. Corrective action shall include the following: inspecting the dust collector system for any tears, abrasions, 

or holes in the filters; inspecting closed duct systems for damage; and repairing or replacing any defective or damaged 

material. [40 CFR Part 64] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

120. The baghouse shall operate at all times with a minimum differential pressure of 2 inches water column and a maximum 

differential pressure of 10 inches water column [40 CFR Part 64] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

121. The baghouse differential operating pressure shall be monitored and recorded on each day the solid waste 

combustors/boilers operate. The permittee shall compare the readings with the acceptable range. Upon detecting any 

excursion from the acceptable range pressure readings, the permittee shall investigate the excursion and take corrective 

action to minimize excessive emissions and prevent recurrence of the excursion as expeditiously as practicable. 

Corrective action shall include the following: inspecting the dust collector system for any tears, abrasions, or holes in 

the filters; inspecting closed duct systems for damage; and repairing or replacing any defective or damaged material. 

[40 CFR Part 64] Federally Enforceable Through Title V Permit

122. On and after January 1, 2013, permittee shall demonstrate compliance with Table 1 emission limits and all applicable 

requirements of District Rule 4352 (December 15, 2011). [District Rule 4352] Federally Enforceable Through Title V 

Permit

123. Each time SO2 emissions from each combustion unit exceeds 30 ppmv, dry, corrected to 12% CO2, based on an eighthour rolling average, facility shall demonstrate that SO2 removal efficiency is at least 80% as measured by EPA 

Methods 1-4 and 6C, based on the measurement of the inlet and outlet SO2 concentrations. [40 CFR Part 64]