II 

Calendar No. 281 

109TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. 1315 

To require a report on progress toward the Millennium Development Goals, 

and for other purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

JUNE 27, 2005 

Mr. LUGAR (for himself, Mr. JOHNSON, Ms. MIKULSKI, Mr. OBAMA, and Mr. 

CHAFEE) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred 

to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

NOVEMBER 7, 2005 

Reported by Mr. LUGAR, with amendments 

[Omit the part struck through and insert the part printed in italic] 

A BILL 

To require a report on progress toward the Millennium 

Development Goals, and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘International Coopera5 tion to Meet the Millennium Development Goals Act of 

6 2005’’. 
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1 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

2 Congress makes the following findings: 

3 (1) At the United Nations Millennium Summit 

4 in 2000, the United States joined more than 180 

5 other countries in committing to work toward goals 

6 to improve life for the world’s poorest people by 

7 2015. 

8 (2) Such goals include reducing the proportion 

of people living on less than $1 per day by 1 9 ⁄2, reducing child mortality by 2 10 ⁄3, and assuring basic 

11 education for all children, while sustaining the envi12 ronment upon which human life depends. 

13 (3) At the 2002 International Conference on 

14 Financing for Development, the United States rep15 resentative reiterated the support of the United 

16 States for the Millennium Development Goals and 

17 advocated, along with other international partici18 pants, for a stronger focus on measurable outcomes 

19 derived from a global partnership between developed 

20 and developing countries. 

21 (4) On March 22, 2002, President Bush stated, 

22 ‘‘We fight against poverty because hope is an answer 

23 to terror. We fight against poverty because oppor24 tunity is a fundamental right to human dignity. We 

25 fight against poverty because faith requires it and 

26 conscience demands it. We fight against poverty 
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1 with a growing conviction that major progress is 

2 within our reach.’’. 

3 (5) The 2002 National Security Strategy of the 

4 United States notes that ‘‘a world where some live 

5 in comfort and plenty, while half of the human race 

6 lives on less than $2 per day, is neither just nor sta7 ble. Including all of the world’s poor in an expanding 

8 circle of development and opportunity is a moral im9 perative and one of the top priorities of U.S. inter10 national policy’’. 

11 (6) The National Commission on Terrorist At12 tacks Upon the United States concluded that the 

13 Government of the United States must offer an ex14 ample of moral leadership in the world and offer 

15 parents and their children a vision of the future that 

16 emphasizes individual educational and economic op17 portunity as essential to the efforts of the United 

18 States to defeat global terrorism. 

19 (7) The summit of the Group of Eight sched20 uled for July 2005, the United Nations summit 

21 scheduled for September 2005, and the Sixth Min22 isterial Conference of the World Trade Organization 

23 scheduled for December 2005 will provide opportuni24 ties to measure and continue to pursue progress on 

25 the Millennium Development Goals. 
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1 (7) The summit of the Group of Eight held dur2 ing July 2005, the United Nations summit held dur3 ing September 2005, and the Sixth Ministerial Con4 ference of the World Trade Organization scheduled to 

5 be held during December 2005 have provided and will 

6 provide opportunities to measure and continue to 

7 pursue progress on the Millennium Development 

8 Goals. 

9 (8) The summit of the Group of Eight sched10 uled for held July 6 through July 8, 2005, in 

11 Gleneagles, Scotland, will bring brought together the 

12 countries that can make the greatest contribution to 

13 alleviating extreme poverty in Africa, the region of 

14 the world where extreme poverty is most prevalent. 

15 (9) On June 11, 2005, the United States 

16 helped secure the agreement of the Group of Eight 

17 Finance Ministers to cancel 100 percent of the debt 

18 obligations owed to the World Bank, African Devel19 opment Bank, and International Monetary Fund by 

20 countries that are eligible for debt relief under the 

21 Highly Indebted Poor Countries Initiative, the initia22 tive established in 1996 by the World Bank and the 

23 International Monetary Fund for the purpose of re24 ducing the debt burdens of the world’s poorest coun25 tries, or under the Enhanced HIPC Initiative, as de-
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1 fined in section 1625 of the International Financial 

2 Institutions Act (22 U.S.C. 262p–8), which are poor 

3 countries that are on the path to reform. 

4 (10) The report prepared by the Commission 

5 for Africa and issued by Prime Minister Tony Blair 

6 on March 11, 2005, entitled ‘‘Our Common Inter7 est’’, called for coherence and coordination in the de8 velopment of an overarching package of actions to be 

9 carried out by the countries of Africa and the inter10 national community to address the complex inter11 locking issues that challenge the continent, many of 

12 which have already been addressed individually in 

13 previous summits and under the Africa Action Plan 

14 enacted by the Group of Eight. 

15 (11) The United States has recognized the need 

16 for strengthened economic and trade opportunities, 

17 as well as increased financial and technical assist18 ance to Africa and other countries burdened by ex19 treme poverty, through significant initiatives in re20 cent years, including— 

21 (A) the African Growth and Opportunity 

22 Act (19 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) that has opened 

23 United States markets to thousands of products 

24 from Africa; 
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1 (B) the President’s Emergency Plan for 

2 AIDS Relief developed under section 101 of the 

3 United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, 

4 Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 (22 

5 U.S.C. 7611), the major focus of which has 

6 been on African countries; 

7 (C) the Millennium Challenge Corporation 

8 established under section 604 of the Millennium 

9 Challenge Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7703) that is 

10 in the process of committing new and signifi11 cant levels of assistance to countries, including 

12 countries in Africa, that are poor but show 

13 great promise for boosting economic growth and 

14 bettering the lives of their people; and 

15 (D) the United States has canceled the 

16 cancellation by the United States of 100 percent 

17 of the bilateral debt owed to the Untied States 

18 by countries eligible for debt relief under the 

19 Enhanced HIPC Initiative. 

20 (12) The report prepared by the Commission 

21 for Africa entitled ‘‘Our Common Interest’’ includes 

22 the following findings: 

23 (A) The people of Africa must demonstrate 

24 the leadership necessary to address the govern25 ance challenges they face, setting priorities that 
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1 ensure the development of effective civil and po2 lice services, independent judiciaries, and strong 

3 parliaments, all of which reinforce a stable and 

4 predictable economic environment attractive to 

5 investment. 

6 (B) Many leaders in Africa have pursued 

7 personal self-interest rather than national goals, 

8 a tendency that has been in some instances ex9 acerbated and abetted by the manipulation of 

10 foreign governments pursuing their own agenda 

11 in the region to the detriment of the people of 

12 Africa. 

13 (C) More violent conflict has occurred in 

14 Africa during the period between 1965 and 

15 2005 than occurred in any other continent dur16 ing that period, and the countries of Africa 

17 must engage on the individual, national, and re18 gional level to prevent and manage conflict. 

19 (D) The capacity to trade is constrained by 

20 a derelict or nonexistent infrastructure in most 

21 African countries as well as by the double-edged 

22 sword of tariff and nontariff barriers to trade 

23 that complicate markets and discourage invest24 ment both within and beyond the continent. 
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1 (E) The local resources for investment in 

2 people and the institutions necessary for good 

3 governance have been squandered, misappro4 priated, and, to an increasingly devastating ef5 fect, spent on servicing debt to the developed 

6 world. Such resources should be reoriented to 

7 serve the needs of the people through the use 

8 of debt forgiveness and support for institutional 

9 reform and internal capacity building. 

10 (F) Failing to prevent conflict in Africa re11 sults in incalculable costs to African develop12 ment and expense to the international commu13 nity and the investment in preventing conflict is 

14 a fraction of such costs and expenses, in 

15 human, security, and financial terms. 

16 (G) Despite difficulties, there is optimism 

17 and energy reflected in the scope of activities of 

18 individuals such as 2004 Nobel Peace Prize re19 cipient, Wangari Maathai, as well as those of 

20 improved regional organizations such as the Af21 rican Union and the New Partnership for Eco22 nomic Development’s Peer Review Mechanism, 

23 and subregional entities such as the Economic 

24 Community of West African States, the Inter25 Governmental Authority on Development, and 
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1 the potential of the Southern African Develop2 ment Community. 

3 (H) Political reform in Africa has pro4 duced results. For example, while in 1985 coun5 tries of sub-Saharan Africa ruled by dictators 

6 were the norm, by 2005 dictatorships are a mi7 nority and democracy has new life with govern8 ments chosen by the people increasing fourfold 

9 since 1991. 

10 (13) The report prepared by the Commission 

11 for Africa entitled ‘‘Our Common Interest’’ includes 

12 the following recommendations: 

13 (A) At this vital moment when 

14 globalization and growth, technology and trade, 

15 and mutual security concerns allow, and com16 mon humanity demands, a substantial tangible 

17 and coherent package of actions should imme18 diately be taken by the international commu19 nity, led by the most industrialized countries, in 

20 partnership with the countries of Africa, to ad21 dress the poverty and underdevelopment of the 

22 African continent. 

23 (B) The people of Africa must take respon24 sibility and show courageous leadership in ad25 dressing problems and taking ownership of solu-
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1 tions as the means for ensuring sustainable de2 velopment, while implementing governance re3 form as an underlying prerequisite for foreign 

4 assistance effectiveness. 

5 (C) Each developed country has unique 

6 strengths and capacity to add value to a com7 prehensive assistance plan and should join their 

8 individual efforts to a coherent whole that is 

9 more efficient and responsive to Africa and the 

10 people of Africa. 

11 (D) The international community must 

12 honor existing commitments to strengthen Afri13 can peacekeeping capacity and go beyond those 

14 commitments to invest in more effective preven15 tion and nonmilitary means to resolve conflict 

16 through such regional organizations as the Afri17 can Union and the subregional Economic Com18 munity for West African States. 

19 (E) A massive investment in physical in20 frastructure should be made to support com21 merce, extend governance, and provide opportu22 nities for education, healthcare, investment and 

23 growth. 

24 (F) Donors and the governments of the 

25 countries of Africa should devote substantial in-
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1 vestment in the men and women of Africa 

2 through the education and health sectors, ena3 bling and extending recent gains made to reach 

4 far more broadly into remote regions. 

5 (G) The public sector should actively en6 gage the private sector in driving growth 

7 through partnerships by reforming the laws, bu8 reaucracy, and infrastructure necessary to 

9 maintain a climate that fosters investment by 

10 developing public-private centers of excellence to 

11 pursue such reforms. 

12 (H) The countries of Africa must maxi13 mize the participation of women in both busi14 ness and government, protect the rights of 

15 women, and work to increase the number of 

16 women in leadership positions so as to cap17 italize on the ability of women to deliver scarce 

18 resources effectively and fairly. 

19 (I) The international community must 

20 work together to dismantle trade barriers, in21 cluding the immediate elimination of trade-dis22 torting commodity support. 

23 (J) International donors should strengthen 

24 multilateral institutions in Africa to respond 

25 appropriately to local and regional crises as well 
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1 as to promote economic development and ensure 

2 the people of Africa are granted a stronger 

3 voice in international forums. 

4 (K) The international community must 

5 join in providing creative incentives for commer6 cial firms to research and develop products that 

7 improve water, sanitation, health, and the envi8 ronment in ways that would dramatically reduce 

9 suffering and increase productive life-spans in 

10 Africa. 

11 SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 

12 In this Act: 

13 (1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT14 TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com15 mittees’’ means the Committee on Foreign Relations 

16 of the Senate and the Committee on International 

17 Relations of the House of Representatives. 

18 (2) GROUP OF EIGHT.—The term ‘‘Group of 

19 Eight’’ means the forum for addressing international 

20 economic, political, and social issues attended by 

21 representatives of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, 

22 Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United 

23 States. 

24 (3) MILLENNIUMDEVELOPMENT GOALS.—The 

25 term ‘‘Millennium Development Goals’’ means the 
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1 goals set out in United Nations Millennium Declara2 tion, resolution 55/1 55/2 adopted by the General 

3 Assembly of the United Nations on September 8, 

4 2000. 

5 SEC. 4. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 

6 It is the sense of Congress that— 

7 (1) the President should continue to provide the 

8 leadership necessary at the summit of the Group of 

9 Eight scheduled for July 2005 at Gleneagles, Scot10 land, to encourage other countries to develop a true 

11 partnership to pursue the Millennium Development 

12 Goals; 

13 (1) the President should continue to provide the 

14 leadership shown at the summit of the Group of Eight 

15 held in July 2005 at Gleneagles, Scotland, to continue 

16 to encourage other countries to develop a true part17 nership to pursue the Millennium Development Goals; 

18 (2) the President should urge the Group of 

19 Eight to consider the findings and recommendations 

20 contained in the report prepared by the Commission 

21 for Africa entitled ‘‘Our Common Interest’’, as a 

22 fundamental guide on which to base their planning, 

23 in partnership with the nations of Africa, for the de24 velopment of Africa; 
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1 (3) the Group of Eight, as well as governments 

2 of the countries of Africa and regional organizations 

3 of such governments, should reaffirm and honor the 

4 commitments made in the Africa Action Plan en5 acted by the Group of Eight in previous years; and 

6 (4) the international community should pursue 

7 further progress toward achieving the Millennium 

8 Development Goals at the summit of the Group of 

9 Eight scheduled for July 2005, the United Nations 

10 summit scheduled for September 2005, and the 

11 Sixth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Or12 ganization scheduled for December 2005. 

13 (4) the international community should continue 

14 to build upon the progress made at the summit of the 

15 Group of Eight in July 2005 and the United Nations 

16 summit in September 2005 toward achieving the Mil17 lennium Development Goals, and should further en18 able such progress at the Sixth Ministerial Conference 

19 of the World Trade Organization scheduled for De20 cember 2005. 

21 SEC. 5. REPORT. 

22 (a) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 60 days after the 

23 date of the conclusion of the World Trade Organization 

24 Ministerial meeting in Hong Kong that is scheduled to be 

25 held the Sixth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade 
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1 Organization that is scheduled to be held in Hong Kong 

2 from December 13 through December 18, 2005, the Sec3 retary of State in consultation with other appropriate 

4 United States and international agencies shall submit a 

5 report to the appropriate congressional committees on the 

6 progress the international community is making toward 

7 achieving the Millennium Development Goals. 

8 (b) CONTENT.—The report required by subsection 

9 (a) shall include the following: 

10 (1) A review of the commitments made by the 

11 United States and other members of the inter12 national community at the summit of the Group of 

13 Eight scheduled for in July 2005, the United Na14 tions summit scheduled for in September 2005, and 

15 the Sixth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade 

16 Organization scheduled for December 2005, that 

17 pertain to the ability of the developing world to 

18 achieve the Millennium Development Goals. 

19 (2) A review of United States policies and 

20 progress toward achieving the Millennium Develop21 ment Goals by 2015, as well as policies to provide 

22 continued leadership in achieving such goals by 

23 2015. 

24 (3) An evaluation evaluation, to the extent pos25 sible, of the contributions of other national and 
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1 international actors in achieving the Millennium De2 velopment Goals by 2015. 

3 (4) An assessment of the likelihood that the 

4 Millennium Development Goals will be achieved. 

Calendar No. 281 

109TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. 1315 

A BILL 

To require a report on progress toward the Millennium Development Goals, and for other purposes. 

NOVEMBER 7, 2005 

Reported with amendments