PUBLIC LAW 106–373—OCT. 27, 2000 114 STAT. 1427

Public Law 106–373

106th Congress

An Act

To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to revise and improve provisions

relating to famine prevention and freedom from hunger.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of

the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Famine Prevention and Freedom

From Hunger Improvement Act of 2000’’.

SEC. 2. GENERAL PROVISIONS.

(a) DECLARATIONS OF POLICY.—(1) The first sentence of section

296(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(a))

is amended to read as follows: ‘‘The Congress declares that, in

order to achieve the mutual goals among nations of ensuring food

security, human health, agricultural growth, trade expansion, and

the wise and sustainable use of natural resources, the United

States should mobilize the capacities of the United States landgrant universities, other eligible universities, and public and private

partners of universities in the United States and other countries,

consistent with sections 103 and 103A of this Act, for: (1) global

research on problems affecting food, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries; (2) improved human capacity and institutional resource

development for the global application of agricultural and related

environmental sciences; (3) agricultural development and trade

research and extension services in the United States and other

countries to support the entry of rural industries into world markets; and (4) providing for the application of agricultural sciences

to solving food, health, nutrition, rural income, and environmental

problems, especially such problems in low-income, food deficit countries.’’.

(2) The second sentence of section 296(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(a)) is amended—

(A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (7) as subparagraphs (A) through (G), respectively;

(B) in subparagraph (A) (as redesignated), by striking ‘‘in

this country’’ and inserting ‘‘with and through the private sector

in this country and to understanding processes of economic

development’’;

(C) in subparagraph (B) (as redesignated), to read as follows:

‘‘(B) that land-grant and other universities in the United

States have demonstrated over many years their ability to

cooperate with international agencies, educational and research

22 USC 2151

note.

Famine

Prevention and

Freedom From

Hunger

Improvement Act

of 2000.

Oct. 27, 2000

[H. R. 4002]

114 STAT. 1428 PUBLIC LAW 106–373—OCT. 27, 2000

institutions in other countries, the private sector, and nongovernmental organizations worldwide, in expanding global

agricultural production, processing, business and trade, to the

benefit of aid recipient countries and of the United States;’’;

(D) in subparagraph (C) (as redesignated), to read as follows:

‘‘(C) that, in a world of growing populations with rising

expectations, increased food production and improved distribution, storage, and marketing in the developing countries is

necessary not only to prevent hunger and ensure human health

and child survival, but to build the basis for economic growth

and trade, and the social security in which democracy and

a market economy can thrive, and moreover, that the greatest

potential for increasing world food supplies and incomes to

purchase food is in the developing countries where the gap

between food need and food supply is the greatest and current

incomes are lowest;’’;

(E) by striking subparagraphs (E) and (G) (as redesignated);

(F) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end of subparagraph (F) (as

redesignated);

(G) by redesignating subparagraph (F) as subparagraph

(G); and

(H) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following:

‘‘(E) that, with expanding global markets and increasing

imports into many countries, including the United States, food

safety and quality, as well as secure supply, have emerged

as mutual concerns of all countries;

‘‘(F) that research, teaching, and extension activities, and

appropriate institutional and policy development therefore are

prime factors in improving agricultural production, food distribution, processing, storage, and marketing abroad (as well

as in the United States);’’;

(I) in subparagraph (G) (as redesignated), by striking ‘‘in

the United States’’ and inserting ‘‘and the broader economy

of the United States’’; and

(J) by adding at the end the following:

‘‘(H) that there is a need to responsibly manage the world’s

agricultural and natural resources for sustained productivity,

health and resilience to climate variability; and

‘‘(I) that universities and public and private partners of

universities need a dependable source of funding in order to

increase the impact of their own investments and those of

their State governments and constituencies, in order to continue

and expand their efforts to advance agricultural development

in cooperating countries, to translate development into economic

growth and trade for the United States and cooperating countries, and to prepare future teachers, researchers, extension

specialists, entrepreneurs, managers, and decisionmakers for

the world economy.’’.

(b) ADDITIONAL DECLARATIONS OF POLICY.—Section 296(b) of

the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(b)) is amended

to read as follows:

‘‘(b) Accordingly, the Congress declares that, in order to prevent

famine and establish freedom from hunger, the following components must be brought together in a coordinated program to increase

world food and fiber production, agricultural trade, and responsible

management of natural resources, including—

PUBLIC LAW 106–373—OCT. 27, 2000 114 STAT. 1429

‘‘(1) continued efforts by the international agricultural

research centers and other international research entities to

provide a global network, including United States universities,

for international scientific collaboration on crops, livestock, forests, fisheries, farming resources, and food systems of worldwide

importance;

‘‘(2) contract research and the implementation of collaborative research support programs and other research collaboration led by United States universities, and involving research

systems in other countries focused on crops, livestock, forests,

fisheries, farming resources, and food systems, with benefits

to the United States and partner countries;

‘‘(3) broadly disseminating the benefits of global agricultural research and development including increased benefits

for United States agriculturally related industries through

establishment of development and trade information and service

centers, for rural as well as urban communities, through extension, cooperatively with, and supportive of, existing public and

private trade and development related organizations;

‘‘(4) facilitation of participation by universities and public

and private partners of universities in programs of multilateral

banks and agencies which receive United States funds;

‘‘(5) expanding learning opportunities about global agriculture for students, teachers, community leaders, entrepreneurs, and the general public through international internships and exchanges, graduate assistantships, faculty positions,

and other means of education and extension through longterm recurring Federal funds matched by State funds; and

‘‘(6) competitive grants through universities to United

States agriculturalists and public and private partners of

universities from other countries for research, institution and

policy development, extension, training, and other programs

for global agricultural development, trade, and responsible

management of natural resources.’’.

(c) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.—Section 296(c) of the Foreign

Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(c)) is amended—

(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘each component’’ and

inserting ‘‘each of the program components described in paragraphs (1) through (6) of subsection (b)’’;

(2) in paragraph (2)—

(A) by inserting ‘‘and public and private partners of

universities’’ after ‘‘for the universities’’; and

(B) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end;

(3) in paragraph (3)—

(A) by inserting ‘‘and public and private partners of

universities’’ after ‘‘such universities’’;

(B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘, and’’ and

inserting a semicolon;

(C) in subparagraph (B), by striking the comma at

the end and inserting a semicolon;

(D) by striking the matter following subparagraph (B);

and

(E) by adding at the end the following:

‘‘(C) multilateral banks and agencies receiving United

States funds;

‘‘(D) development agencies of other countries; and

114 STAT. 1430 PUBLIC LAW 106–373—OCT. 27, 2000

‘‘(E) United States Government foreign assistance and

economic cooperation programs;’’; and

(4) by adding at the end the following:

‘‘(4) generally engage the United States university community more extensively in the agricultural research, trade, and

development initiatives undertaken outside the United States,

with the objectives of strengthening its capacity to carry out

research, teaching, and extension activities for solving problems

in food production, processing, marketing, and consumption

in agriculturally developing nations, and for transforming

progress in global agricultural research and development into

economic growth, trade, and trade benefits for aid recipient

countries and United States communities and industries, and

for the wise use of natural resources; and

‘‘(5) ensure that all federally funded support to universities

and public and private partners of universities relating to the

goals of this title is periodically reviewed for its performance.’’.

(d) DEFINITION OF UNIVERSITIES.—Section 296(d) of the Foreign

Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(d)) is amended—

(1) by inserting after ‘‘sea-grant colleges;’’ the following:

‘‘Native American land-grant colleges as authorized under the

Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C.

301 note);’’; and

(2) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘extension’’ and inserting

‘‘extension (including outreach)’’.

(e) DEFINITION OF ADMINISTRATOR.—Section 296(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(e)) is amended by

inserting ‘‘United States’’ before ‘‘Agency’’.

(f ) DEFINITION OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE PARTNERS OF UNIVERSITIES.—Section 296 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22

U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding at the end the following:

‘‘(f ) As used in this title, the term ‘public and private partners

of universities’ includes entities that have cooperative or contractual

agreements with universities, which may include formal or informal

associations of universities, other education institutions, United

States Government and State agencies, private voluntary organizations, nongovernmental organizations, firms operated for profit, nonprofit organizations, multinational banks, and, as designated by

the Administrator, any organization, institution, or agency incorporated in other countries.’’.

(g) DEFINITION OF AGRICULTURE.—Section 296 of the Foreign

Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding

at the end the following:

‘‘(g) As used in this title, the term ‘agriculture’ includes the

science and practice of activity related to food, feed, and fiber

production, processing, marketing, distribution, utilization, and

trade, and also includes family and consumer sciences, nutrition,

food science and engineering, agricultural economics and other

social sciences, forestry, wildlife, fisheries, aquaculture, floraculture,

veterinary medicine, and other environmental and natural resources

sciences.’’.

(h) DEFINITION OF AGRICULTURISTS.—Section 296 of the Foreign

Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding

at the end the following:

‘‘(h) As used in this title, the term ‘agriculturists’ includes

farmers, herders, and livestock producers, individuals who fish and

others employed in cultivating and harvesting food resources from

PUBLIC LAW 106–373—OCT. 27, 2000 114 STAT. 1431

salt and fresh waters, individuals who cultivate trees and shrubs

and harvest nontimber forest products, as well as the processors,

managers, teachers, extension specialists, researchers, policymakers, and others who are engaged in the food, feed, and fiber

system and its relationships to natural resources.’’.

SEC. 3. GENERAL AUTHORITY.

(a) AUTHORIZATION OF ASSISTANCE.—Section 297(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(a)) is amended—

(1) in paragraph (1), to read as follows:

‘‘(1) to implement program components through United

States universities as authorized by paragraphs (2) through

(5) of this subsection;’’;

(2) in paragraph (3), to read as follows:

‘‘(3) to provide long-term program support for United States

university global agricultural and related environmental

collaborative research and learning opportunities for students,

teachers, extension specialists, researchers, and the general

public;’’; and

(3) in paragraph (4)—

(A) by inserting ‘‘United States’’ before ‘‘universities’’;

(B) by inserting ‘‘agricultural’’ before ‘‘research centers’’; and

(C) by striking ‘‘and the institutions of agriculturally

developing nations’’ and inserting ‘‘multilateral banks, the

institutions of agriculturally developing nations, and

United States and foreign nongovernmental organizations

supporting extension and other productivity-enhancing programs’’.

(b) REQUIREMENTS.—Section 297(b) of the Foreign Assistance

Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(b)) is amended—

(1) in paragraph (1)—

(A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by

striking ‘‘universities’’ and inserting ‘‘United States universities with public and private partners of universities’’;

and

(B) in subparagraph (C)—

(i) by inserting ‘‘, environment,’’ before ‘‘and

related’’; and

(ii) by striking ‘‘farmers and farm families’’ and

inserting ‘‘agriculturalists’’;

(2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘, including resources

of the private sector,’’ after ‘‘Federal or State resources’’; and

(3) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘and the United States

Department of Agriculture’’ and all that follows and inserting

‘‘, the Department of Agriculture, State agricultural agencies,

the Department of Commerce, the Department of the Interior,

the Environmental Protection Agency, the Office of the United

States Trade Representative, the Food and Drug Administration, other appropriate Federal agencies, and appropriate nongovernmental and business organizations.’’.

(c) FURTHER REQUIREMENTS.—Section 297(c) of the Foreign

Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(c)) is amended—

(1) in paragraph (2), to read as follows:

‘‘(2) focus primarily on the needs of agricultural producers,

rural families, processors, traders, consumers, and natural

resources managers;’’; and

114 STAT. 1432 PUBLIC LAW 106–373—OCT. 27, 2000

(2) in paragraph (4), to read as follows:

‘‘(4) be carried out within the developing countries and

transition countries comprising newly emerging democracies

and newly liberalized economies; and’’.

(d) SPECIAL PROGRAMS.—Section 297 of the Foreign Assistance

Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b) is amended by adding at the end

the following new subsection:

‘‘(e) The Administrator shall establish and carry out special

programs under this title as part of ongoing programs for child

survival, democratization, development of free enterprise, environmental and natural resource management, and other related programs.’’.

SEC. 4. BOARD FOR INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL

DEVELOPMENT.

(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Section 298(a) of the Foreign Assistance

Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(a)) is amended in the third sentence,

by inserting at the end before the period the following: ‘‘on a

case-by-case basis’’.

(b) GENERAL AREAS OF RESPONSIBILITY OF THE BOARD.—Section

298(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(b))

is amended to read as follows:

‘‘(b) The Board’s general areas of responsibility shall include

participating in the planning, development, and implementation

of, initiating recommendations for, and monitoring, the activities

described in section 297 of this title.’’.

(c) DUTIES OF THE BOARD.—Section 298(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(c)) is amended—

(1) in paragraph (2)—

(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘increase food

production’’ and all that follows and inserting the following:

‘‘improve agricultural production, trade, and natural

resource management in developing countries, and with

private organizations seeking to increase agricultural

production and trade, natural resources management, and

household food security in developing and transition countries;’’; and

(B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting before ‘‘sciences’’

the following: ‘‘, environmental, and related social’’;

(2) in paragraph (4), after ‘‘Administrator and universities’’

insert ‘‘and their partners’’;

(3) in paragraph (5), after ‘‘universities’’ insert ‘‘and public

and private partners of universities’’;

(4) in paragraph (6), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end;

(5) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘in the developing nations.’’

and inserting ‘‘and natural resource issues in the developing

nations, assuring efficiency in use of Federal resources,

including in accordance with the Governmental Performance

and Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103–62; 107 Stat. 285),

and the amendments made by that Act;’’; and

(6) by adding at the end the following:

‘‘(8) developing information exchanges and consulting regularly with nongovernmental organizations, consumer groups,

producers, agribusinesses and associations, agricultural

cooperatives and commodity groups, State departments of agriculture, State agricultural research and extension agencies,

and academic institutions;

PUBLIC LAW 106–373—OCT. 27, 2000 114 STAT. 1433

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY—H.R. 4002:

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 146 (2000):

July 24, considered and passed House.

Oct. 4, considered and passed Senate, amended.

Oct. 12, House concurred in Senate amendment.

Æ

‘‘(9) investigating and resolving issues concerning

implementation of this title as requested by universities; and

‘‘(10) advising the Administrator on any and all issues

as requested.’’.

(d) SUBORDINATE UNITS.—Section 298(d) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(d)) is amended—

(1) in paragraph (1)—

(A) by striking ‘‘Research’’ and insert ‘‘Policy’’;

(B) by striking ‘‘administration’’ and inserting ‘‘design’’;

and

(C) by striking ‘‘section 297(a)(3) of this title’’ and

inserting ‘‘section 297’’; and

(2) in paragraph (2)—

(A) by striking ‘‘Joint Committee on Country Programs’’

and inserting ‘‘Joint Operations Committee’’; and

(B) by striking ‘‘which shall assist’’ and all that follows

and inserting ‘‘which shall assist in and advise on the

mechanisms and processes for implementation of activities

described in section 297.’’.

SEC. 5. ANNUAL REPORT.

Section 300 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C.

2220e) is amended by striking ‘‘April 1’’ and inserting ‘‘September

1’’.

Approved October 27, 2000.