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USAID/Bangladesh 

Operational Plan 

FY 2006 

June 12, 2006 
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Please Note: 

The attached RESULTS INFORMATION is from the FY 2006 Operational Plan and was assembled 

and analyzed by the country or USAID operating unit identified on the cover page. 

The Operational Plan is a "pre-decisional" USAID document and does not reflect results stemming 

from formal USAID review(s) of this document. 

Related document information can be obtained from: 

USAID Development Experience Clearinghouse 

8403 Colesville Road, Suite 210 

Silver Spring, MD 20910 

Telephone: (301) 562-0641 

Fax: (301) 588-7787 

Email: docorder@dec.cdie.org 

Internet: http://www.dec.org 

Portions released on or after July 1, 2006 
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Program Performance Summary FY 2005: The progress of development in Bangladesh remains, in 

many ways, a puzzle. On one hand, the country has made notable achievements: near self-sufficiency in 

rice production; has eradicated polio, lowered infant and child mortality rates; cut the fertility rate in half; 

increased school enrollment, particularly for girls; and is the renowned pioneer in micro-credit. Perhaps 

most impressively, Bangladesh has averaged 5% annual economic growth for the past decade. Yet after 

34 years of independence and more than three decades of donor assistance, development in Bangladesh 

remains very much a work in process and remains one of the world's least-developed countries, with 

many indicators lagging far behind those of neighboring countries. A profound lack of accountability, 

transparency, and predictability in Government of Bangladesh (GOB) operations seriously frustrates 

economic growth and poverty reduction. Although democracy is beginning to take root, a legacy of 

political confrontation and the absence of political processes frustrate decision-making and impede 

implementation of policies that truly benefit the poor. For the past five years, Bangladesh has ranked last 

in the Transparency International (TI) Corruption Perceptions Survey. Finally, growing religious 

fundamentalism and a recent wave of extremist violence and bombings threaten to undermine past 

development achievements or even topple the society's weak democratic institutions which may threaten 

peace and security in the entire region. As a populous and moderate Muslim nation historically welldisposed to the United States, it is in the United States' interest to build Bangladesh’s fragile institutions, 

nurture the country's nascent democracy, expand its market economy and improve the lives of its people. 

Bangladesh faces a formidable set of challenges: the urgent need for improved law and order, better 

governance, sound financial markets, better infrastructure, an enabling environment for private sector 

development, and accessible high-quality social services, as well as clean and affordable urban habitats. 

The USAID strategy supports several strategic goals from the joint USAID-State Department Strategic 

Plan including promoting democracy and human rights, economic prosperity and security, education, 

health care, and humanitarian response to minimize suffering in the wake of chronic natural disasters. 

USAID works closely with other U.S. agencies, such as the Department of Treasury and Department of 

Agriculture, to coordinate and implement programs and activities in support of U.S. foreign policy. 

Achievements and Challenges 

Population, Health and Nutrition: USAID's strong leadership in public health has produced many 

noteworthy achievements, including a seven-fold increase in contraceptive prevalence and a 50% 

reduction in the fertility rate over a two-decade period. Progress over the past year has been positive. 

For instance, as a result of USAID health programs, the most recent data places the Contraceptive 

Prevalence Rate (CPR) at 58.1% for all methods, exceeding the USAID target of 57.0%. Moreover, 

Couple Years of Protection (CYP) from USAID supported long-term family planning services increased 

from 1.8 million in FY 2004 to 2.65 million in FY 2005, while CYP from USAID-supported short-term 

methods increased from 3.68 million to 4.99 million during the same period. In FY 2005, USAID placed 

special emphasis on providing family planning and health services to the poorest of the poor, those who 

often cannot afford even the greatly reduced service charges offered by USAID-funded clinics. Through a 

participatory community-based approach, USAID successfully increased the percentage of very poor 

clients from 14% in FY 2004 to 19% in FY 2005. However, expansion of clinic access to those least able 

to pay negatively impacted cost recovery. For this reason, revenues from clinic fees were lower than 

expected and the percentage of clinic operating costs recovered from fees fell short of the 24% target 

level, increasing from 18% in FY 2004 to only 20% in FY 2005. 

Economic Growth and Trade: Bangladesh will have to sustain annual GDP growth of at least 7% for the 

next ten years in order to meet its Millennium Development Goal poverty reduction target of 50% by 2015. 

The country faces a number of challenges if it is to attain this level of economic growth while enabling a 

broader segment of its population to benefit from this growth. One of the major challenges will be to 

diversify the economy. The ready-made garment (RMG) sector currently contributes nearly 80% of 

Bangladeshi exports and provides direct employment for two million people -- over 80% of whom are poor 

women. With the end of export quotas under the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) in January 2005, the 

RMG sector is under great pressure to improve its competitiveness and differentiate its markets quickly or 

lose market share to China and other more competitive economies. Even under the most optimistic 

scenarios, the need to diversify the economy and develop new sectors for growth and employment is 
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urgent. Other related challenges include: 1) overcoming both international and domestic market isolation; 

2) enhancing private sector competitiveness skills in a globalizing economy; 3) instilling responsible 

economic governance and an enabling environment for equitable economic growth; 4) expanding access 

to socio-economic infrastructure; 5) increasing agricultural/rural productivity; and 6) reducing the GOB’s 

“footprint” in the private sector. These constraints are neither new nor surprising and USAID economic 

programs are targeted to assist private sector development and a more diversified economy. 

Environment and Natural Resources: The USAID environment program works with public institutions to 

promote co-management of natural resources as an alternative model to the traditional and largely 

ineffective central government approach. This co-management approach gives the poor a central role in 

the planning and implementation process and encourages participation of other interested community 

members in the management and utilization of natural resources, including local governments and private 

enterprises. Co-management also addresses issues of local governance, economic opportunity and food 

security. Currently, the program implements two field activities; the first focusing on wetlands 

conservation and the second on protected tropical forest conservation. USAID activities have already 

convinced GOB policy-makers to consider adopting the approach as a feasible and effective method for 

meeting conservation goals without compromising the productivity of natural resources or livelihoods. 

The commitment is apparent in recent GOB laws, policies, action plans and participation in international 

conventions and protocols. However, despite this favorable policy framework, enforcement remains 

weak. The institutionalization of this program with the GOB remains a priority for USAID. 

Clean Energy: In FY 2005, USAID assistance added another 760,000 service connections for end-users, 

representing access to electricity for more than 4.5 million people. USAID has also initiated modest but 

innovative work in using solar energy to bring electricity to people in remote areas still beyond the reach 

of the formal power grid. Access to energy by the rural populace brings commercial opportunities as 

small businesses expand, increases farmer incomes, and improves access to health and education 

services. Recognizing USAID accomplishments in this field, the United Kingdom's Department for 

International Development (DFID) entered into a partnership with USAID where USAID will administer an 

important element of the DFID rural electrification program through FY 2010. In commercial policy 

reform, USAID worked in partnership with US energy companies and with reform-minded Bangladeshi 

energy distributors to promote structural transformation, benchmarking of best practices, and efficiency 

improvements. These reforms furthered revenue collection and increased private participation in the 

sector overall. USAID programming in FY 2005 also promoted regulatory and structural reforms. USAID 

continued to support the Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission's (BERC) development through the 

recruitment of senior staff including the Commission’s chairman, management efficiency training, and US 

benchmarking of standards and practices. 

Food Security and Disaster Mitigation: In FY 2005, USAID continued its long-standing efforts to address 

food security and disaster concerns in Bangladesh, meeting or exceeding most program targets for the 

year. The percentage of targeted households consuming the minimum daily food requirement increased 

to 87%, falling slightly short of the target of 88% due to higher prices for rice and other basic essentials. 

Virtually 100% of the people in target areas have access to emergency relief supplies. Improved 

community-based disaster preparedness and mitigation measures, promoted by USAID, further 

minimized the loss of assets and livelihoods of the poor during periods of stress. USAID programming 

also provided more people with access to safe drinking water and hygienic sanitation reducing the 

incidences of diarrhea and water-borne diseases and ensuring cleaner physical environments in the 

target communities, but ground water arsenic contamination remains a problem. P.L. 480 programs also 

made significant contributions to the safety and well-being of the local population reaching hundreds of 

thousands of Bangladeshis on a daily basis. 

Democracy and Governance: Despite on-going challenges, USAID made progress in FY 2005 to further 

good governance in Bangladesh, particularly at the local level. In this regard, USAID exceeded all FY 

2005 performance targets for the program. Local governments successfully managed the first ever direct 

budget allocations from the central government and established general management guidelines for 

accountability. Respect for human rights and trafficking in persons persist as areas of concern. USAID 

successfully implemented several outreach activities including a program aimed at leaders of influence. 
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Under this activity 2,214 Imams -- local religious leaders -- were exposed to development related issues. 

The orientation course, implemented through the government sponsored Islamic Foundation, is quickly 

becoming an integrated and standard component of the Foundation’s programs. The course has been 

tested on 22 separate training groups in seven of its training academies. The GOB continued to 

strengthen their reporting and monitoring systems for human trafficking. Based on these positive trends, 

the United States Department of State moved Bangladesh up to Tier II of the annual Trafficking in 

Persons Report. Building strong, productive relationships through the leaders of influence program will 

assist in consolidating the foundation for democratic governance and assist in deterring extremism. 

Education: Both of the early learning activities in the USAID basic education program made significant 

progress in meeting their targets, though there were minor shortfalls in a few key areas. In its first year of 

early childhood interventions, USAID organized 1,307 pre-schools throughout five regions with a total 

enrollment of over 28,000 students. USAID also trained and hired more than 1,800 new preschool 

teachers. Sesame Workshop successfully broadcast 39 original episodes of the Bangladesh production 

of Sesame Street, Sisimpur, four times per week on a major national television station. Midway through 

the first season, national ratings determined that Sisimpur was the most popular children’s television 

program in the country, viewed by over 13% of the television audience in Dhaka alone. Nationwide 

viewer ship data will be unavailable till January 2006, so it is not clear whether the program met its 20% 

target in FY 2005. Under its outreach program, Sesame Workshop produced 20,000 health and 

education kits, containing two storybooks, a growth chart, and sets of health and nutrition-themed games, 

of which 3,000 have been distributed to date. In addition, USAID trained nearly 1,000 parents or 

caregivers to use the materials in order to help their children learn. Early dialogue with the NGO 

Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee is expected to lead to a partnership to disseminate Sisimpur 

learning materials to an additional 17,000 preschools throughout the country. 

Outreach: USAID/Bangladesh is at the forefront of the Agency's outreach efforts with an innovative and 

highly successful initiative focusing on people of influence in the society. The pioneering work with 

imams and other community leaders has received considerable attention. By exposing imams and other 

opinion shapers to the value of social and economic development and enlisting their support in efforts 

across a broad range of sectors, USAID has acquired powerful unexpected allies. In the case of our antitrafficking program, imams are keenly interested and are serving as active partners in the fight against 

human trafficking. USAID also actively engages the local press, ensuring proper publicity for the works 

funded by the American people and countering widespread perceptions that the US opposes Islam or 

Muslims. A study on Islamic practices and beliefs in Bangladesh, currently being conducted, will 

contribute to increased mutual understanding between the U.S. and Bangladesh as well as inform other 

USAID and Embassy outreach efforts. USAID and its implementing partners are active participants in the 

US Embassy’s annual America Week event, bringing information and understanding about America and 

US assistance to secondary cities around the country. USAID continually seeks opportunities to reach 

out within Bangladesh, particularly to non-traditional partners. At present, USAID is actively exploring 

several potential alliances that could lead to new cooperative relations with the private sector. 

P.L. 480 Title II Activities: P.L. 480 Title II resources comprise roughly half of the bilateral assistance 

provided by the US to Bangladesh since independence in 1971 and food aid resources are likely to 

remain the single largest funding category for bilateral programming. Cyclical flooding is simply a fact of 

life in this country, but due to USAID disaster mitigation activities over the past three decades, 

Bangladesh now has considerable domestic capacity for disaster management and response. Recurrent 

seasonal famine continues to affect pockets of vulnerable people, particularly rural poor in the northwest 

region. USAID takes these factors into account when designing new activities and consciously targets 

the regions and populations that are most vulnerable. In addition, USAID contributed to a study on 

leakage in the food aid system and has assisted the GOB in improving food security policy, including 

better targeting and promoting private sector participation. 

Conflict: As the third largest Muslim country in the world with a traditionally moderate and tolerant culture, 

Bangladesh is a principal ally in the region. Despite their vulnerability to chronic natural disasters, the 

people of Bangladesh have proven themselves time and time again to be resilient, maintaining relatively 

robust levels of GDP growth over the past several years. However, the recent deterioration of law and 
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order and rife corruption in the police and judiciary as well as numerous politically connected criminal 

gangs competing for unchecked control of local resources give rise to grave concern. Of particular 

concern is the political situation in conjunction with the planned national elections at the beginning of 

2007. In coordination with the State Department, USAID developed an election monitoring plan with key 

benchmarks. Along with other U.S. agencies, USAID will continue to closely review political 

developments and key events related to the election run-up. USAID has also carried out similar 

evaluations relating to the rise in violent extremism and religious fundamentalism, the potential post-MFA 

effects on labor and human trafficking, as well as possible social unrest related to US policies and 

actions. The situation is expected to remain fluid over the coming months, and USAID recognizes the 

need for ongoing vigilance. In this regard, USAID has already engaged in an inter-agency process to 

identify and monitor fragility factors and establish common tripwires that would lead to more intensive 

consultation, analysis or programmatic redirection. 

Gender: USAID seeks to reduce poverty in Bangladesh through sustained economic growth, good 

governance and investment in human capital. Absent strong promotion of gender equality and the 

empowerment of women, the goal of poverty reduction will remain elusive. 
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FY 2006 Program 

SO: 388-011 More Effective and Responsive Democratic Institutions and Practices 

Improve Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources & Biodiversity 

Improve Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources and Biodiversity Conservation ($990,000 DA). 

USAID is promoting the devolution of management responsibilities to community-based organizations 

and exploring opportunities to scale up protected area comanagement approaches. USAID is also 

administering income generation activities to protect forest and aquatic resources and enhance 

livelihoods. Principal Implementers: Winrock International (WI) and International Resources Group (IRG). 

Promote And Support Anti-Corruption Reforms 

Promote And Support Anti-Corruption Reforms ($1,752,000 ESF). USAID is strengthening the AntiCorruption Commission, promoting greater freedom of information, prioritizing legal reforms for 

transparent public management, and developing appropriate financial systems for local governments. 

Principal Implementer: To Be Determined (TBD). 

Promote and Support Credible Elections Processes 

Promote and Support Credible Elections Processes ($1,000,000 ESF). USAID is supporting preparations 

for the national election planned for early 2007. USAID is assisting in the clarification of roles for different 

GOB actors involved in the elections, assessing and providing recommendations on the management of 

the electoral registry, and promoting greater inclusion of female candidates. USAID is supporting NGOs in 

electoral oversight and monitoring through training, technical assistance, and small grants. USAID is also 

supporting international electoral observation teams. Principal Implementers: International Republican 

Institute (IRI) and National Democratic Institute (NDI). 

Protect Human Rights 

Protect Human Rights ($1,238,000 DA; $1,000,000 ESF). USAID is funding advocacy campaigns and 

strengthening local NGOs on the protection and recognition of women’s and children’s rights. USAID's 

outreach programs with selected community leaders are promoting greater understanding of human 

rights. Principal Implementers: Academy for Educational Development and others TBD. 

Reduce Trafficking In Persons 

Reduce Trafficking In Persons ($891,000 DA). USAID is training community watchdog groups and NGOs 

to conduct anti-trafficking outreach and providing support for the rescue and recovery of victims. In 

addition to providing shelters and legal assistance, USAID is funding targeted police training to identify 

and intervene in trafficking operations. Principal Implementer: International Organization for Migration 

(IOM). 

Strengthen Democratic Political Parties 

Strengthen Democratic Political Parties ($1,000,000 ESF). USAID is improving internal democratic 

processes, developing responsive electoral platforms, and promoting increased collaboration among the 

political leadership through training and technical assistance. Principal Implementers: IRI and NDI. 

Support Democratic Local Government & Decentralization 
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Support Democratic Local Government & Decentralization ($1,336,000 DA). USAID is strengthening local 

government management and financial accountability systems, training elected local councils in 

participatory planning and financial resource generation, promoting open budget hearings and access to 

council meetings, and assisting local government associations to develop coherent decentralization 

policies. Principal Implementers: Research Triangle Institute (RTI) and RUPANTAR. 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 388-011 More Effective and Responsive Democratic Institutions and Practices 

Improve Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources & Biodiversity 

Improve Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources and Biodiversity Conservation ($1,000,000 DA). 

USAID plans to strengthen comanagement committees, increase income generating opportunities in 

protected areas, and promote the establishment of a protected area management and financing system. 

Principal Implementers: WI, IRG, and others TBD. 

Promote And Support Anti-Corruption Reforms 

Promote And Support Anti-Corruption Reforms ($2,000,000 ESF). USAID plans to develop a financial 

management system for inter-governmental transfers. Through the assistance of the Comptroller 

General's Office and civil society watchdog groups, USAID plans to provide technical assistance to 

increase fiscal transparency. Principal Implementer: TBD. 

Protect Human Rights 

Protect Human Rights ($1,000,000 ESF). USAID plans to continue outreach efforts to selected 

community and religious leaders to promote greater respect, tolerance, and understanding of human 

rights through training and technical assistance. Principal Implementers: American Center for 

International Labor Solidarity and others TBD. 

Reduce Trafficking In Persons 

Reduce Trafficking In Persons ($1,000,000 DA). USAID will build on prevention programs to provide 

assistance for more integral victim care services. Legislative and policy reforms may be pursued to 

strengthen detection and prosecution. Principal Implementers: IOM and others TBD. 

Strengthen Democratic Political Parties 

Strengthen Democratic Political Parties ($2,000,000 ESF). In the aftermath of the scheduled national 

elections, USAID will renew internal party reform, strengthen the parliamentary committee system, and 

define a positive role for the opposition. Principal Implementer: TBD. 

Support Democratic Local Government & Decentralization 

Support Democratic Local Government and Decentralization ($1,550,000 DA). USAID will strengthen 

local government management systems and expand participatory planning and public budget hearings. 

USAID will also promote decentralization of policy reform through local government associations. 

Principal Implementers: RTI and RUPANTAR. 

FY 2006 Program 
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SO: 388-012 Expanded Economic Opportunities Created through Equitable Economic Growth 

Expand & Improve Access To Economic & Social Infrastructure 

Expand and Improve Access To Economic and Social Infrastructure ($1,089,000 DA). USAID is providing 

technical assistance to rural cooperatives to promote the sustainability of the rural electric sector. USAID 

is also supporting the installation of new solar home systems in non-grid rural areas and constructing 

rural technology centers to provide training and maintenance for the solar units. Principal Implementers: 

National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) and Grameen Shakti. 

Improve Economic Policy and the Business Environment 

Improve Economic Policy and the Business Environment ($431,000 DA; $198,000 ESF). USAID is 

providing technical assistance to establish an effective and independent energy regulatory body. USAID 

is also supporting compliance with labor standards through labor/management dialogue and training in 

employee rights. Principal Implementers: National Association of Rural Utility Commissioners (NARUC). 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 388-012 Expanded Economic Opportunities Created through Equitable Economic Growth 

Expand & Improve Access To Economic & Social Infrastructure 

Expand and Improve Access To Economic and Social Infrastructure ($450,000 DA). USAID plans to 

provide technical assistance to rural electric cooperatives to strengthen business operations and sector 

management. USAID plans to continue to support the expansion of renewable energy to non-grid rural 

areas through the installation of home solar systems. Principal Implementers: NRECA and Grameen 

Shakti. 

Improve Economic Policy and the Business Environment 

Improve Economic Policy and the Business Environment ($455,000 DA). To further private sector growth, 

USAID plans to continue assistance to select institutions and stakeholder groups that advocate for 

reforms. USAID also plans to support local and international non-governmental organizations’ advocacy 

and training in the areas of social compliance and corporate responsibility. Principal Implementers: 

NARUC and others To Be Determined (TBD). 

Improve Private Sector Competitiveness 

Improve Private Sector Competitiveness ($375,000 DA). USAID will promote the expansion of private 

sector growth benefits to the poor, particularly women and youth, through interventions emphasizing the 

use of appropriate ICT in the areas of E-governance, E-policy, E-commerce, and E-human resource 

development; expansion of MSMEs; value chain linkages; and broad-based participation in economic 

growth activities. This program plans to continue training and technical assistance to improve business 

management and marketing skills, enhance existing production and processing technologies, and assist 

enterprises to develop business plans and bank loan applications. USAID also plans to promote trade 

capacity development through regional trade fairs and other means of market penetration. The ongoing 

loan portfolio guarantee under USAID’s Development Credit Authority will continue to improve MSME 

access to formal financial institutions and contribute to the growth of the sector. USAID will also 

encourage the creation of public-private sector partnerships which contribute to pro-poor economic 

growth. Principal Implementers: TBD. 

Improve Quality of Workforce through Vocational/Technical Education 
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Improve Quality of Workforce through Vocational/Technical Education ($30,000 DA). USAID will continue 

to support workforce development through training programs that expand opportunities for women and 

youth to participate more fully in the market economy. Principal Implementers: TBD. 

FY 2006 Program 

SO: 388-013 A Better Educated, Healthier and More Productive Population 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education ($3,960,000 DA). USAID is supporting the 

production and broadcast of 52 episodes of Sisimpur, the Bangladesh Sesame Street, to educate millions 

of Bangladeshi children. USAID is establishing 1,800 preschools, conducting teacher training, and 

organizing parent groups and child-to-child learning opportunities. Principal Implementers: Save the 

Children and Sesame Workshop. 

Improve Child Survival, Health & Nutrition 

Improve Child Survival, Health and Nutrition ($3,193,000 CSH; $300,000 CSH Prior Year Unobligated). 

USAID is expanding child health services, conducting newborn care, supporting home birth outreach, 

funding two major public health surveys, and carrying out a census of poor urban settlements. USAID is 

supporting the production of over 100 million sachets of oral rehydration salts (ORS) annually, and in 

partnership with a non-profit Bangladeshi company, marketing ORS, micronutrient drinks, and zinc. 

Principal Implementers: Pathfinder, World Health Organization (WHO), Save the Children USA (SC-USA), 

and others To Be Determined (TBD). 

Improve Maternal Health & Nutrition 

Improve Maternal Health and Nutrition ($2,797,000 CSH; $562,000 CSH Prior Year Unobligated). USAID 

is supporting community-based prenatal care, safe delivery, and outreach for expectant mothers and 

family members. Efforts to prevent, treat, and raise awareness of obstetric fistula and postpartum 

hemorrhage prevention are continuing. Principal Implementers: SC-USA, Pathfinder, and 

EngenderHealth. 

Prevent & Control Infectious Diseases Of Major Importance 

Prevent and Control Infectious Diseases Of Major Importance ($1,683,000 CSH). USAID is expanding 

tuberculosis (TB) education, training urban health workers, coordinating with national and municipal TB 

programs, and funding a TB prevalence survey. USAID is also supporting research on improving TB 

detection rates and Directly Observed Therapy Short-courses. In addition, USAID is continuing to 

support polio surveillance and immunization. To help prevent Avian Influenza, USAID is instituting a 

surveillance system and coordinating efforts with other stakeholders. Principal Implementers: WHO, 

Pathfinder, and others TBD. 

Reduce Transmission & Impact Of HIV/AIDS 

Reduce Transmission & Impact of HIV/AIDS ($2,376,000 CSH). USAID is supporting media campaigns 

that convey information regarding HIV/AIDS transmission, risk-reduction behavior, stigma reduction, and 

the importance of testing and treatment. USAID is tracking the spread of HIV and generating data to 

guide Bangladesh’s response to the virus. The program is also distributing therapy kits for sexually 

transmitted diseases. Principal Implementers: Family Health International (FHI) and Social Marketing 

Company (SMC). 
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Support Family Planning 

Support Family Planning ($18,810,000 CSH; $100,000 CSH Prior Year Unobligated). USAID is 

expanding family planning services, contraceptive distribution, clinical contraception, and adolescent 

reproductive health outreach. Principal Implementers: Pathfinder, EngenderHealth, SMC, International 

Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, and John Snow Inc. 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 388-013 A Better Educated, Healthier and More Productive Population 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education 

Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education ($2,900,000 DA). USAID plans to support Sesame 

Workshop in the production and broadcast of Sisimpur to achieve increased viewership among the 

targeted population. To increase the effectiveness of this program, USAID will distribute materials and 

train parents to help their children learn from the program. USAID also plans to improve primary school 

performance and retention through early learning programs. Principal Implementers: SC-USA and 

Sesame Workshop. 

Improve Child Survival, Health & Nutrition 

Improve Child Survival, Health and Nutrition ($4,510,000 CSH). USAID plans to expand child health 

services, outreach on home maternal and newborn care practices, and immunization activities in 

partnership with the GOB. USAID also plans to support the social marketing of ORS, zinc, and nutritional 

supplements. USAID will also continue research to improve the content and implementation of the GOB's 

Essential Service Package. Principal Implementers: Pathfinder, SC-USA, and others TBD. 

Improve Maternal Health & Nutrition 

Improve Maternal Health and Nutrition ($4,109,000 CSH). USAID plans to support a package of targeted 

interventions to address maternal health, prenatal care, and safe delivery at the community level, as well 

as operations research. Principal Implementers: SC-USA and others TBD. 

Prevent & Control Infectious Diseases Of Major Importance 

Prevent and Control Infectious Diseases Of Major Importance ($1,700,000 CSH). USAID will continue 

assistance for TB research, prevention, and control through clinic services and coordination with national 

and municipal TB programs. USAID will support Avian Influenza prevention by monitoring activities and 

coordination efforts with the GOB and other stakeholders. Principal Implementers: TBD. 

Reduce Transmission & Impact Of HIV/AIDS 

Reduce Transmission and Impact Of HIV/AIDS ($2,673,000 CSH). USAID plans to continue assistance 

for HIV/AIDS prevention. Interventions include behavior change outreach among high-risk groups, 

treatment for sexually transmitted infections, and condom promotion. USAID also plans to continue 

HIV/AIDS surveillance, research, and national level coordination. Principal Implementer: FHI. 

Support Family Planning 
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Support Family Planning ($12,892,000 CSH). USAID plans to support the social marketing of 

contraceptives; the expansion of clinical contraception; reproductive health and family planning services; 

commodities and logistics services; and operations research. Principal Implementers: EngenderHealth, 

Pathfinder, and SMC. 

FY 2006 Program 

SO: 388-014 Improved Food Security and Disaster Mitigation, Preparedness and Relief 

Improve Emergency Preparedness & Disaster Mitigation 

Improve Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Mitigation ($137,000 DA; $590,000 DA Prior Year 

Unobligated; $250,000 ESF Prior Year Unobligated). USAID programs bridge the gap between disaster 

response and development through preparedness and mitigation. USAID is flood-proofing individual 

homesteads, building community flood shelters, and developing roads to connect areas with existing 

shelters. USAID supports the development and updating of local vulnerability maps, community 

preparedness plans, and Bangladesh Red Crescent Society early warning and response systems. USAID 

is also rehabilitating local evacuation structures; training and reactivating government disaster 

management committees; and encouraging local level disaster action plan development, contingency 

planning, simulation exercises, and prepositioning of emergency non-food relief items. In addition, USAID 

funds long-range climate forecasting activities. Principal Implementers: CARE and Save the Children/USA 

(SCF). 

Protect and Increase Food Security of Vulnerable Populations 

Protect and Increase Food Security of Vulnerable Populations ($787,000 DA). USAID is supporting the 

Government of Bangladesh's efforts to implement a comprehensive, equitable, gender sensitive, and propoor National Food Security Policy and Action Plan. USAID is also improving agricultural production, 

directing the distribution of commodities, and creating food-for-work opportunities and other income 

generating activities to reduce malnutrition and increase incomes in target areas. Principal Implementers: 

International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, World Vision, and United Nations Food and 

Agriculture Organization (FAO). 

FY 2007 Program 

SO: 388-014 Improved Food Security and Disaster Mitigation, Preparedness and Relief 

Improve Emergency Preparedness & Disaster Mitigation 

Improve Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Mitigation ($110,000 DA). USAID disaster management 

programs will continue to flood-proof individual homesteads, build community flood shelters, and develop 

roads to connect areas with existing shelters. USAID will also continue to support long-range climate 

forecasting and local government disaster management plans. Principal Implementers: CARE and SCF. 

Protect and Increase Food Security of Vulnerable Populations 

Protect and Increase Food Security of Vulnerable Populations ($530,000 DA). USAID will continue policy 

research addressing access to food to improve the nutritional status of the poor and vulnerable. USAID 

will continue to assist vulnerable communities by expanding income opportunities, increasing agricultural 

production, and improving maternal/child health and nutrition. Principal Implementers: CARE, SCF, and 

FAO. 
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Results Framework 

388-001 Fertility Reduced and Family Health Improved 

Program Title: Integrated Family Planning and Health 

 1.1: An expanded and improved package of health and family planning services available from NGOs 

 1.2: Changed behaviors related to high-priority health problems 

 1.3: Increased contraceptive prevalence and contraceptive security 

388-005 Growth of Agribusiness and Small Business 

Program Title: Private Enterprise Development 

 5.1: More market-oriented policies, laws, and regulations adopted 

 5.2: Stronger business support institutions established 

 5.3: Improved performance of USAID-assisted enterprises in targeted sectors 

388-006 Improved Management of Open Water and Tropical Forest Resources 

Program Title: Environment 

 6.1: Effective community-based resource management mechanisms implemented 

 6.2: Select habitats and ecosystems improved 

 6.3: Select policies implemented that support IRs 6.1 and 6.2 

388-007 Improved Performance of the Energy Sector 

Program Title: Bilateral Energy 

 7.1: Increased institutional capacity through reform 

 7.2: Improved enabling environment 

 7.3: Improved infrastructure 

388-008 Improved Food Security for Vulnerable Groups 

Program Title: Food Security and Disaster Management 

 8.1: Improved food security policies 

 8.2: Improved environmentally sound infrastructure in target areas 

 8.3: Improved disaster preparedness in target areas 

 8.4: Enhanced diversity in agriculture production in target areas 

388-009 Strengthened Institutions of Democracy 

Program Title: Democracy and Governance 

 9.1: A broad-based constituency for strong local government developed 

 9.2: Greater responsiveness of parliament to citizen input 

 9.3: More effective civil society advocacy of human rights 

388-010 Improved Performance at the Early and Primary Education Levels through Innovative 

Learning Models 

Program Title: Early Childhood Learning 

 10.1: Effective early learning opportunities increased 

 10.2: Innovative learning tools for children and teachers developed and used 

 10.3: Capacity of selected institutions to foster education system change increased 

388-011 More Effective and Responsive Democratic Institutions and Practices 

Program Title: Democracy and Governance 
14

 11.1: Improved Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Biodiversity 

 11.2: Promote and Support Anti-Corruption Reforms 

 11.3: Promote and Support Credible Elections Processes 

 11.4: Protect Human Rights 

 11.5: Reduce Trafficking in Persons 

 11.6: Strengthen Democratic Political Parties 

 11.7: Support Democratic Local Government and Decentralization 

Discussion: A Performance Monitoring Plan (PMP) for this SO is currently under development. SOlevel indicators will be established as part of this PMP.A Performance Monitoring Plan (PMP) for this SO 

is currently under development. SO-level indicators will be established as part of this PMP. 

388-012 Expanded Economic Opportunities Created through Equitable Economic Growth 

Program Title: Economic Growth 

 12.1: Expand and Improve Access to Economic and Social Infrastructure 

 12.2: Improve Economic Policy and the Business Environment 

 12.3: Improve Private Sector Competitiveness 

 12.4: Improve Quality of Workforce through Vocational/Technical Education 

Discussion: A Performance Monitoring Plan (PMP) for this SO is currently under development. SOlevel indicators will be established as part of this PMP.A Performance Monitoring Plan (PMP) for this SO 

is currently under development. SO-level indicators will be established as part of this PMP. 

388-013 A Better Educated, Healthier and More Productive Population 

Program Title: Investment in Human Capital 

 13.1: Achieve Equitable Access to Quality Basic Education 

 13.2: Improve Child Survival, Health and Nutrition 

 13.3: Improve Maternal Health and Nutrition 

 13.4: Prevent and Control Infectious Diseases of Major Importance 

 13.5: Reduce Transmission and Impact of HIV/AIDS 

 13.6: Support Family Planning 

Discussion: A Performance Monitoring Plan (PMP) for this SO is currently under development. SOlevel indicators will be established as part of this PMP.A Performance Monitoring Plan (PMP) for this SO 

is currently under development. SO-level indicators will be established as part of this PMP. 

388-014 Improved Food Security and Disaster Mitigation, Preparedness and Relief 

Program Title: Food Security and Disaster Management 

 14.1: Improve Access to Clean Water and Sanitation 

 14.2: Improve Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Mitigation 

 14.3: Protect and Increase Food Security of Vulnerable Populations 

 14.4: Provide Emergency Assistance 

Discussion: A Performance Monitoring Plan (PMP) for this SO is currently under development. SOlevel indicators will be established as part of this PMP.A Performance Monitoring Plan (PMP) for this SO 

is currently under development. SO-level indicators will be established as part of this PMP.