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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 1

Building ENERGY STAR®

Qualified Homes

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 2

A Little About Us...

HUD’s Community Planning and 

Development Training Initiative

Course developed by HUD and ICF 

International

Who are your trainers?

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 3

How About You...

Years of experience with HOME Program

1-5 yr 5-10 yr 10+ yr

Years of experience with energy efficiency 

or ENERGY STAR

1-5 yr 5-10 yr 10+ yr

Level of familiarity with ENERGY STAR

• Novice

• Good experience

• Expert 
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 4

Course Objectives

Review ways to:

• Meet ENERGY STAR 

• Incorporate energy efficiency into 

rehabilitation activities

• Take steps to incorporate “green”

practices

Answers questions

Share approaches 

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 5

Group Norms

Ask questions

Please keep side conversations to a 

minimum

Parking lot

No cell phones that ring, please

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 6

Logistics

Timing of breaks and lunch

Telephones

Restrooms

Hey, where’s the coffee??
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 7

Module 1: ENERGY STAR 

and Energy Efficiency in 

Affordable Housing

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 8

Overview

Importance of Energy Efficiency in 

Affordable Housing?

Benefits for Residents, Owners, 

PJs, and HUD 

HOME Program & Energy 

Efficiency 

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 9

U.S. Energy Needs

Gap between US energy needs and 

available resources

• Results in volatile energy prices, 

higher utility bills

• Impacts household budgets for 

families, operating budgets for 

property owners

Critical to reduce energy usage to 

maintain household and project 

budgets
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 10

Home Energy Affordability 

Gap

 Smallest Gap: 

Washington • Average Gap per 

Household = $444

• < 50% PL = 35.1% • 51-74% PL = 14.1% • 75-99% PL = 10.1%

 Largest Gap: Vermont • Average Gap per 

Household = $1,949

• < 50% PL = 78.9% • 51-74% PL = 31.6% • 75-99% PL = 22.6%

Total U.S. Affordability Gap = $29.8 billion

Average Gap per Household = $1,047

AVERAGE $ HOME ENERGY BILLS EXCEED AFFORDABLE 

HOME ENERGY BILLS FOR HOUSEHOLDS BELOW 185% OF 

POVERTY LEVEL (PL).

2006 State Home Energy Affordability Gap Results

Source: Fischer, Sheehan, & Colton, Public Finance and General Economics 

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 11

Activity

1. To what extent is the rate of 

increase in energy costs a concern 

in your HOME-funded projects?

2. What specific efforts or activities is 

PJ taking to address these 

concerns?

3. Do you think ENERGY STAR can 

help address these concerns? 

How?

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 12

Energy Efficiency in 

Affordable Housing

Rising energy costs • Choices between utility bills and 

other needs – food, shelter, 

medicine

Connection between inability to pay 

utility bills and consequences such 

as homelessness, malnutrition, 

heart disease, heat stroke

Build more energy efficient to 

improve qualify of life
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 13

Benefits of Energy 

Efficiency

Energy bill savings Improved home performance • More comfortable • Improved air quality Greater durability Long-term maintenance savings • Less likely to fall into disrepair

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 14

Benefits of Energy 

Efficiency

Benefits to residents and owners • Increased savings for households • Increased property viability • Easier to rent or sell • Adds value to the home Benefits to PJ and HUD • Reduces HUD’s energy bills by 5% = $2 

billion savings over next 10 years

• Improved long-term financial stability of 

projects benefit PJs

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 15

Example: Energy Bill 

Savings in Utah

State of Utah Division of Housing and 

Community Development: Olene Walker 

Housing Loan Fund (OWHLF) 

Results of ENERGY STAR Policy • Single-family ENERGY STAR qualifying 

homes – about $200 in utility savings per 

year with additional loan cost of only $85 per 

household per year

• Example: One single-family home in Utah 

County 9 Yearly energy costs without ENERGY STAR would 

have been $1,429; with ENEGRY STAR, they are 

$974 – a 32% savings to the homeowner

Source: “Financing Energy-Efficiency Housing.” NCSHA – Housing Finance Agency Institute, January 13-16, 2008.
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 16

Partnerships for Home 

Energy Efficiency

In July 2001, HUD established a 

department-wide Energy Task Force • Identify measures to support energy 

efficiency and conservation goals of the 

National Energy Policy

• Intra-agency partnership with DOE and 

EPA9 Began in July 2005 9 Help households save 10% on home energy 

bills over the next 10 years ~$20 billion per year

See attachment 1-1 for HUD action items

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 17

HOME Program & 

Energy Efficiency

Encourages ENERGY STAR in 

HOME development projects

New construction must meet 

International Energy Conservation 

Code (IECC) • PJs urged to use ENERGY STAR 

qualified homes guidelines

Must track ENERGY STAR in IDIS

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 18

Example: ENERGY STAR 

Policy in Utah

 Olene Walker Housing Loan Fund functions as a 

revolving loan fund using state legislative 

appropriations, USDA-RD funding and HUD 

HOME allocations

 OWHLF’s ENERGY STAR policy • All new construction projects receiving OWHLF 

funding are required to adopt ENERGY STAR 

standards.

• All rehabilitation projects receiving OWHLF 

funding are encouraged to adopt ENERGY 

STAR standards. 9 Rehabilitation projects that are unable to achieve 

ENERGY STAR qualification in their preliminary rating 

require efficiency improvements with a SIR of 1.0 or 

better.

• Financial incentives include reduced interest 

rates and greater loan amounts

Source: “Financing Energy-Efficiency Housing.” NCSHA – Housing Finance Agency Institute, January 13-16, 2008.
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 19

Module 2: ENERGY STAR 

Qualified Homes

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 20

Overview

What is ENERGY STAR?

What are the Requirements for an 

ENERGY STAR Qualified Home?

How is a Home Certified as 

ENERGY STAR?

Roles & Responsibilities of Key 

Actors

Technical and Financial Assistance 

Resources

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 21

What is Energy Star?

 U.S. government-backed label for energy 

efficiency

• 50+ types of consumer products, new homes, 

commercial and industrial buildings

• Meet specific standards for energy efficiency 

and performance

 Joint EPA and DOE Program

• Helps organizations adopt 

cost-effective, energy-efficient technologies 

and practices

 Voluntary partnership between the government 

and 9,000+ organizations, including 4,500 

homebuilders

 Provides technical information and tools 

about energy-efficient solutions and 

practices for managing energy 

consumption
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 22

ENERGY STAR Qualified 

Homes

Close to 850,000 families live ENERGY STAR 

Qualified Homes as of 2007

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

900,000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Annual Homes Built Cumulative Homes Built

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 23

Total ENERGY STAR 

Homes as of 2006

1 dot = 100 ENERGY STAR Homes Source:U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. “Energy Star for Grantees” Power point presentation. 

September 2004, updated August 2007 .

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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 24

What is an ENERGY 

STAR Qualified Home?

Result of a process by which the entire 

home is planned, built, and certified for 

improved energy efficiency 

Designed and constructed to standards 

that ensure both energy and cost savings 

will be delivered 

Residents benefit from homes with: 

• High quality materials

• Lower utility bills

• Better air quality

• Improved comfort

• Lower maintenance demands
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 25

Standards and 

Requirements

Any home 3 stories or less Eligible types of homes: • Single family • Low-rise multi-family homes • Manufactured homes • Systems-built homes • Existing retrofitted homes Intended for new construction, but can be 

gut rehabilitation 

Existing homes are unlikely to costeffectively meet ENERGY STAR standard

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 26

Components of a 

ENERGY STAR Home  Effective insulation  High performance 

windows

 Tight construction 

and ducts

 Efficient heating and 

cooling equipment

 Lighting and 

appliances

 Third-party 

verification

Designed and built using a “whole-house” approach http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bldrs_lenders_raters.nh_features

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 27

Effective Insulation

 As much as half of energy used in a home goes to 

heating and cooling. 

 Properly installed and inspected insulation in 

floors, walls, and attics 

• Ensures even 

temperatures throughout 

the house, reduced 

energy use, 

and increased comfort. 

• Reduced potential for 

condensation that can 

lead to decay of 

building materials 

Photo: http://www.energystar.gov/ia/home_improvement/home_sealing/DIY_COLOR_100_dpi.pdf
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 28

High Performance 

Windows

 ENERGY STAR Qualified Windows 

• Use advanced technologies to help keep heat 

in during winter and out during summer. 

• Maintain consistent temperatures throughout 

homes

• Reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases 

and air pollutants from entering and exiting the 

house 

• Tailored for four climate zones and 

independently tested for superior energy 

performance. 

9 Energy performance is independently tested and 

certified according to procedures established by the 

National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC)

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 29

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 30

Tight Construction and 

Ducts

ENERGY STAR qualified homes must 

have efficient duct systems that carry air 

from central heaters or air conditioners to 

each part of the home and back again

• Reduces drafts, moisture, dust, pollen, and 

noise

• Improves comfort and indoor air quality

• Reduces utility and maintenance costs

Duct systems found in ENERGY STAR 

qualified homes are third-party tested for 

tightness and verified to be properly 

insulated
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 31

Common Duct Problems

http://www.energystar.gov/ia/products/heat_cool/ducts/DuctSealingBrochure04.pdf

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 32

Effective Heating & 

Cooling Equipment  ENERGY STAR qualified heating systems are designed 

to

• Use less energy than standard systems 

• Reduce the risk of back-drafting carbon monoxide 

• Last longer than standard models

 ENERGY STAR qualified cooling equipment can

• Lower energy use

• Increase comfort

• Improve durability

• Operate more quietly than standard models

 Mechanical ventilation systems circulate fresh air using 

ducts and fans

• Can improve air quality by 

removing allergens, pollutants, 

and moisture that can cause 

mold problems

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 33

Lighting and Appliances

 Compact Fluorescent Light Bulbs (CFLs)

• Use about 75% less energy than a 

comparable standard incandescent bulb

• ENERGY STAR qualified fixtures come 

with a 2-year warranty 

• Replacing the five most frequently 

used light fixtures with ENERGY STAR 

qualified lighting can save about $65 

each year

 ENERGY STAR Qualified Appliances 

• Include refrigerators, freezers, 

dishwashers, clothes washers, 

dehumidifiers

• Use 10-50% less energy 

• Have superior components and 

performance compared to standard 

appliances
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 34

ENERGY STAR Qualified 

Products

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 35

ENERGY STAR Qualified 

Products

Go to: 

http://www.energystar.gov/products

Find: 

• Product specifications

• Special offers, including rebates 

and tax credits

• Cost savings

• Store locations

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 36

Third-Party Certification

To earn ENERGY STAR Qualified 

Home, must meet the following 

three criteria:

• Meet the appropriate Home Energy 

Rating System (HERS) Index 

• Be certified and field-tested in 

accordance with the RESNET 

Standards by a RESNET-accredited 

Provider

• Meet all applicable codes
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 37

Home Rating 

Infrastructure

 Residential Energy Services Network (RESNET) 

www.natresnet.org • Founded by National Association of State Energy 

Officials

• Adopting and maintaining national standards for home 

energy ratings

• Certifying and Accrediting Body for Home Energy 

Raters (contractors)

• Over 5,000 Home Energy Raters in the U.S.

 HERS Raters • Independent, third-party home energy raters • Inspect, test, and certify homes meeting ENERGY 

STAR qualified homes label 9 Can advise how to select energy-efficient features

• Must be trained and certified by state agencies and 

RESNET

• Developer’s responsibility to contract with HERS Rater

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 38

HERS Index

 Numeric value scale to rate the 

efficiency of homes

 The lower the score, the more 

energy efficient the home • 100 score is equivalent to 

home built to IECC 2004

• Each point represents 1% 

(more efficient or less 

efficient)

• 0 score would indicate a zero 

energy home

 ENERGY STAR home is one 

that would achieve a HERS 

Index score of: • ≤80 in the North • ≤85 in the South

 A typical existing home (1970) 

might be a 130 on the scale or 

30% worse than a home built 

to code (IECC 2004)

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 39

Two Paths for 

Qualifying Homes

1. Performance Path • Rater simulates home energy efficiency 

based on the building plans with 

specialized computer software

• Can identify the most effective upgrades 

to meet ENERGY STAR performance 

standards 

2. Prescriptive Path • Use a set of climate-specific construction 

specifications developed by EPA called a 

Builder Option Package (BOP)
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 40

Prescriptive Path

www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bldrs_lenders_raters.nh_prescriptive

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 41

ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes 

Exercise #1

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 42

On-site Inspections

Ensures home performance is consistent 

with ENERGY STAR standards

HERS Raters complete:

• Blower door test

9 Tests for air leaks in the house structure or 

envelope

• Duct blaster test

9 Tests for air leaks in the duct system

• Thermal Bypass Checklist

9 Visual inspection of common construction areas 

where air can flow through or around insulation. 

See Attachment 2-2
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 43

Blower Door Test

Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable 

Energy, Consumer’s Guide

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 44

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 45

Benefits of 

ENERGY STAR Label

Third-Party Inspection

• Performs to ENERGY STAR standards 

Adds Value to the Home

• Homebuyers value energy efficiency

• Appraisers value energy efficiency and 

ENERGY STAR assurance of quality

Increased Discretionary Income

• Using less energy = Increased 

discretionary income 

• Substantial savings on utility bills and 

maintenance
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 46

Costs and Savings

Savings and benefits outweigh initial 

purchase costs • ENERGY STAR qualified homes use 

substantially less energy for heating, 

cooling, and water heating delivering $200 

to $400 in annual savings. 

• Additional cost of energy efficient features 

typically adds only a modest amount to a 

home buyer’s monthly mortgage payment.

Purchasing ENERGY STAR Qualified 

Home = even more savings

Builders and architects make a difference • More experience, lower costs and more 

savings

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 47

Average Savings for 

ENERGY STAR Homes

Savings of ~$2,400 over average 

7-8 year homeownership tenure

Utility Savings** $40 $480

Monthly Annual

Total Cost Savings $25 $300

- $15 - $180 Additional Mortgage 

Costs*

* Based on $2,000 additional house price/value 

** Likely to increase while mortgage remains fixed

Source: “Benefits for Homeowners.” ENERGY STAR. http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=new_homes.nh_benefits

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 48

Example: ENERGY STAR 

Costs for OWHLF

Olene Walker Housing Loan Fund 

(OWHLF) • Incremental costs: 9Average of $2,300-$2,500 per Single-family 

unit

9Average of $1,900-$2,100 per Multi-family 

unit

• Average cost of obtaining ENERGY STAR 

qualification rating: 9$250 for each Single-family unit 9$350 for each Multi-family unit

Source: “Financing Energy-Efficiency Housing.” NCSHA – Housing Finance Agency Institute, January 13-16, 2008.
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 49

Example: ENERGY STAR 

Savings in North Carolina

Carousel Place – Raleigh, NC

• ENERGY STAR qualified, two-story, 55-

unit apartment building

• Occupancy at the senior building is limited 

to low-income persons age 55 and older

Source: “A Case Study in Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Affordable Housing in North Carolina.” EPA, January 2008.

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 50

Example: ENERGY STAR 

Savings in North Carolina

Additional cost to construct Carousel 

Place to ENERGY STAR standards was 

approximately $82,500, or $1,500 per 

unit.

Savings due to ENERGY STAR and 

discount from utility company:

• Monthly savings

9 Up to $29 for a one-bedroom unit

9 Up to $45 for a two-bedroom unit

• Annual savings $350-$550

Simple payback of ENERGY STAR 

related construction costs of 3-4 years

Source: “A Case Study in Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Affordable Housing in North Carolina.” EPA, January 2008.

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 51

Determining Energy Savings 

Exercise #2
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 52

Key Roles & 

Responsibilities

PJ/Grantee • Responsible for incorporating ENERGY 

STAR standards into development 

programs

• Encourage or require developers to meet 

ENERGY STAR standards

• Update construction standards and 

program procedures

Developer • Integrate ENERGY STAR into design and 

construction of project

• Give contractors enough information in the 

specifications and training

• Review site plans with HERS Rater

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 53

Role of Construction and 

HERS Contractors

Construction Contractors and Subs • Build the project according to the 

plans and ENERGY STAR 

standards

HERS Raters • Review site plans with the 

developer 

• Inspect the design features and the 

efficiency measures for appropriate 

installation and overall energy 

performance

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 54

Role of Property Owners 

and Occupants

Property Owner • Upkeep of efficiency features 9 Regularly schedule inspections of efficient 

building features, such as duct work and 

insulation

• Educate tenants of the appropriate uses 

energy efficient appliances

Occupant • Follow energy conservation practices • Use energy equipment and appliances 

properly 

• Report malfunctions or symptoms that 

building features are failing to the property 

owner for resolution
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 55

Available Resources

Funding Resources – Attachment 2-3 

• Examples:

9 Federal programs at HUD, DOE, IRS, HHS

9 Nonprofits and Foundations

9 Lenders

9 Utility Grant/Loan Programs

Technical Resources – Attachment 2-4

• Examples:

9 Alliance to Save Energy

9 Partnership for Advancing Technology in 

Housing (PATH)

9 Database of State Incentives for Renewables & 

Efficiency (DSIRE)

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 56

Bulk Purchasing

ENERGY STAR Quantity Quotes

• Save money on the purchase price of 

ENERGY STAR qualified products 

Increases the return on investment and 

reduces the payback period. 

Allows large homebuilders and property 

owners to comparison shop for ENERGY 

STAR qualified products

• Purchasers can locate available ENERGY 

STAR qualified products

• Make contact with the suppliers

• Negotiate discounted prices through the 

online purchasing tool

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 57
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 58

Module 3: Incorporating 

ENERGY STAR Qualified 

Homes Into 

HOME-funded Activities

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 59

Incorporating ENERGY 

STAR into HOME

Appropriate HOME activities

Steps for implementing ENERGY 

STAR

Best practices

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 60

Incorporating ENERGY 

STAR into HOME

Local governments 

impact development

Local priorities guide 

development 

PJs are encouraging 

and requiring ENERGY 

STAR in HOME 

projects
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 61

ENERGY STAR Certified Homes by 

HOME Program: 2007

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 62

 Pomona, CA

• Educating CHDOs about ENERGY STAR 

qualified homes 

• Offering technical assistance to build 

capacity of developers interested in 

implementing ENERGY STAR guidelines

 Richland, WA

• Required developers follow ENERGY 

STAR guidelines for the development of 3 

single family homes

• Subsidized the increased affordability of 

energy efficient, sustainable homes for 

low-income households 

Examples

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 63

Incorporating ENERGY 

STAR into HOME

HOME activities appropriate for 

ENERGY STAR

• Land Acquisition

• Single Family New Construction

• Single Family Gut Rehab

• Multifamily* New Construction

• Multifamily* Gut Rehab

• Homebuyer Assistance

*Not exceeding 3 stories
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 64

Example

Olene Walker Housing Loan Fund

• Revolving Loan Fund for affordable single 

and multi family construction and rehab

• $80.8 million in state appropriations, 

HOME allocations and USDA-RD funds

• Requires funded units meet ENERGY 

STAR guidelines

• Leverages $15 Federal funds for every $1 

of State funds

• Partners with utilities to offer rebates on 

efficient systems

• 2 year pilot program before adopted 

permanently

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 65

Incorporating ENERGY 

STAR into HOME

ENERGY STAR designed to easily 

integrate into the housing 

development process

Very modest administrative burden 

for PJs

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 66

9 Steps for Incorporating 

ENERGY STAR into HOME

1. Identify suitable housing activities

2. Assess capacity and sources of support

3. Decide whether to encourage or require 

ENERGY STAR

4. Revise HOME program procedures 

5. Train program staff

6. Conduct outreach and education 

7. Implement monitoring procedures 

8. Continue periodic outreach and education

9. Report completed units in IDIS
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 67

9 Steps for Incorporating 

ENERGY STAR into HOME

1. Identify HOME activities with goals 

compatible to ENERGY STAR

• HUD encourages PJs to adopt ENERGY 

STAR guidelines

2. Assess local capacity and support for 

ENERGY STAR

• Number and capacity of contractors

• Availability of HERS raters and installers

• ENERGY STAR experience in the 

development community

• Funding institutions with experience and 

willingness to finance ENERGY STAR

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 68

9 Steps for Incorporating 

ENERGY STAR into HOME

What is your community’s capacity?

• Strong: Network of experienced 

developers and HERS raters creating 

ENERGY STAR homes

• Moderate: Limited supply of HERS raters 

and experienced ENERGY STAR 

developers

• Limited: Less than 10 HERS rates in state 

and few developers with ENERGY STAR 

experience but a willingness to learn

• None: Less than 10 HERS raters in state 

and little interest from development 

community in ENERGY STAR

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 69
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 70

9 Steps for Incorporating 

ENERGY STAR into HOME

3.Decide to require or encourage 

ENERGY STAR • Based on capacity assessment • Ensure an ENERGY STAR 

requirement will not significantly 

hurt production

• Consider funding a pilot program 

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 71

Considerations for 

Requiring ENERGY STAR Less assurance 

that units will be 

ENERGY STAR

Small capacity 

developers will not be 

overburdened PJ can choose 

incentives based on its 

circumstances

Encourage 

ENERGY 

STAR

May reduce 

number of units 

produced Small capacity 

developers may 

have difficulty 

developing projects 

initially

Guarantees HOMEfunded units will meet 

ENERGY STAR All developers held 

to same standard All developers will 

become proficient in 

ENERGY STAR 

development

Require 

ENERGY 

STAR

Benefits Drawbacks

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 72

Example

Olene Walker Housing Loan Fund • April 2005 – Pilot Loan Project –

new construction meet ENERGY 

STAR; Rehab encouraged to meet 

ENERGY STAR standards

• Following pilot – provided financial 

incentives to encourage ENERGY 

STAR – increased loan amounts 

and lower interest rates

• Oct 2007 – permanent program 

requires ENERGY STAR
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 73

Example

North Carolina Housing Finance Agency 

Tax Credits 

• Prioritized ENERGY STAR projects in Tax 

Credit Applications

• Received feedback from developers that 

ENERGY STAR incentives were 

burdensome

• Adapted application to offer additional 

points for ENERGY STAR projects instead 

of financial incentives

• ENERGY STAR still prioritized, developers 

less burdened.

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 74

9 Steps for Incorporating 

ENERGY STAR into HOME

4. Revise HOME procedures to reflect 

ENERGY STAR

Sample language to require ENERGY STAR:

“All new and substantial rehabilitation in residential 

buildings up to 3 stories shall be designed to meet 

the standard for ENERGY STAR Qualified New 

Homes. All procedures used for this rating shall 

comply with National Home Energy Rating System 

guidelines.”

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 75

9 Steps for Incorporating 

ENERGY STAR into HOME

4. Revise HOME procedures to reflect 

ENERGY STAR...Cont’d

Sample language to encourage ENERGY STAR:

“All new or substantial rehabilitation in residential 

projects up to 3 stories meeting the standards for 

ENERGY STAR qualified homes will receive an 

additional 10 rating points. All procedures used for 

this rating shall comply with National Home 

Energy Rating System guidelines.”
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 76

ENERGY STAR Program Design 

Options Exercise #3

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 77

9 Steps for Incorporating 

ENERGY STAR into HOME

5. Train program staff

• Staff do not need to be experts in 

ENERGY STAR

• A functional understanding of 

ENERGY STAR by staff is 

recommended

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 78

Why Devote

Time and Money to

Energy Efficiency?

Incorporating ENERGY STAR 

to Support Energy Efficient 

Affordable Housing

ENERGY STAR

for State 

Housing 

Agencies

Training Possibilities
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ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 79

9 Steps for Incorporating 

ENERGY STAR into HOME

6.Conduct outreach and education

• Research potential local partners

• Identify the services and resources 

partners can offer and how to 

access these resources

• Link developers to resources

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 80

ENERGY STAR Partners 

Exercise #4

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 81

9 Steps for Incorporating 

ENERGY STAR into HOME

7.Implement monitoring procedures

• New inspection criteria are 

unnecessary

• Require proof of HERS verification 

with other project documentation 
28

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 82

Example

North Carolina Housing Finance 

Agency Tax Credits • Monitors projects according to tax 

credit compliance monitoring 

procedures

• All projects that committed to 

meeting ENERGY STAR guidelines 

required to show proof of ENERGY 

STAR certification. 

• Proof constitutes an ENERGY 

STAR certification from a licensed 

third party. 

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 83

9 Steps for Incorporating 

ENERGY STAR into HOME

8.Continue outreach and education • As PJ staff become more familiar 

with partners and resources more 

information can be provided to 

stakeholders

• Actively educate and recruit new 

partners 

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 84

9 Steps for Incorporating 

ENERGY STAR into HOME

9.Report ENERGY STAR units in 

IDIS • IDIS allows users to input ENERGY 

STAR units created with HOME 

funding

• Ensure units tracked meet ALL 

ENERGY STAR guidelines; 

including certification (not just 

increased efficiency levels)
29

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 85

Common Challenges

A. Misperceptions or concerns by 

stakeholders about ENERGY STAR may 

create opposition

B. Less experienced CHDOs or developers 

may encounter delays or make missteps 

that result in time or cost increases

C. Property or homeowners not familiar with 

energy efficiency features may not realize 

their full benefits

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 86

Best Practices

A. Overcome resistance to ENERGY STAR 

through education 

• Up-front costs are paid back with 

efficiency related savings

• Increased leverage and match 

opportunities

B. Provide additional support and oversight 

for less experienced CHDOs/developers

• Provide upfront TA and guidance and 

additional review of project plans

• Provide increased oversight of first 2-3 

projects

• Link developer with staff or mentor 

experienced in ENERGY STAR process

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 87

Best Practices

C. Educate property owners and homeowners 

about proper operation and maintenance of 

energy efficiency features

• Offer manuals and training on proper use of 

efficient features

D. Reach out to PJs with ENERGY STAR 

experience
30

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 88

Overcoming New Construction 

Challenges 

Exercise #5

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 89

Module 4: Incorporating 

Green Building Practices 

that Improve Building 

Performance

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 90

Green Building

What does “green” mean

Benefits of building green

Green building guidelines

Key considerations when building green

Green building practices

• Site design

• Building materials

• Renewable energy

• Water conservation

• Healthy home design

• Operations and management
31

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 91

Discussion

What are the most common 

complaints or challenges regarding 

long-term physical performance and 

occupant comfort that you hear 

about affordable properties?

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 92

Definition of Green 

Building

Green or sustainable building is the 

practice of creating healthier and 

more resource-efficient models of 

construction, renovation, operation, 

maintenance, and demolition

– EPA Green Building Program

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 93

Benefits of Green Building

Economic

• Reduce operating costs

• Reduce strain on infrastructure

Environmental

• Protect ecosystems

• Improve air and water quality

• Reduce waste

Occupant

• Enhance comfort and health

• Improve worker and occupant safety
32

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 94

Example: North Carolina 

HealthyBuilt Homes

 Voluntary, statewide green building certification 

program

 There are currently 105 certified HealthyBuilt 

Homes and 489 "in progress" in the Western 

North Carolina area

 Program partners:

• ENERGY STAR, www.energystar.gov

• WNC Green Building Council, www.wncgbc.org

• HealthyBuilt Homes, www.HealthyBuiltHomes.org

• NC Solar Center, www.ncsc.ncsu.edu

• NC State University, www.ncsu.edu

• NC State Energy Office, www.energyNC.net

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 95

HealthyBuilt 

Homes Program

 Targeted at small to 

medium-sized home 

builders who may not 

have the resources to 

compete with larger 

green builders

 Offers a recognized 

green certification, 

technical and 

marketing assistance, 

design reviews, 

workshops, and field 

consultation services

Source: NC HealthyBuilt Homes Asheville Brochure 

http://www.wncgbc.org/healthybuilt/benefits.php

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 96

Benefits of HealthyBuilt 

Homes

 Reduced Risk of Mold

 Third Party 

Verification

 Reduced Energy and 

Operating Costs

 Improved Comfort 

and Durability

 Higher Home Value

 Environmental 

Protection 

Source: NC HealthyBuilt Homes Asheville Brochure 

http://www.wncgbc.org/healthybuilt/benefits.php
33

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 97

Green Building Guidelines

No one universal set of guidelines

Leadership in in Energy and 

Environmental Design (LEED) 

Green Building Rating SystemTM -

U.S. Green Building Council 

Green Communities - Enterprise 

Community Partners 

Green Home Building Guidelines –

National Association of Home 

Builders

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 98

Key Considerations

When incorporating green building 

practices into HOME-funded 

activities, use a process similar to 

incorporating ENERGY STAR.

Additional considerations

• Identify local programs, goals

• Choose an existing standard to 

adopt or modify

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 99

Key Considerations (cont)

• Determine program approach

9Stand alone program

9Incorporate into existing programs

• Consider how to monitor and certify

9PJ staff

9Third-party

9Self-certify

• Be flexible to allow for future 

advances
34

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 100

Site Design

Minimize impact on surroundings; 

preserve natural environment • Orient building to maximize solar potential • Plant trees for shading • Plan landscaping to minimize water 

demand

• Grow privacy screens

Control rainwater • Use canopies and overhangs • Consider site grading and drainage Control groundwater • Keep groundwater away from foundation

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 101

Green Building Materials

Choose materials that have the following 

features, to the extent feasible • Low-toxicity • Low or zero emissions • Recycled content • Recyclable • Sustainable (renewable resources) • Durable • Moisture-resistant • Energy-efficient • Water conserving

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 102

Resource Efficiency

Reduce amount of materials used 

and wasted • Efficient floor plans • Advanced framing techniques • Building dimensions to reduce need 

for cutting

• Materials that are pre-cut or need 

no on-site finishing

Disassemble or deconstruct Conduct on-site recycling
35

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 103

Renewable Energy

Solar Thermal Energy – Hot Water • Reduces need for conventional hot water 

heating by two-thirds

• Can be installed in most locations, with 

pipe-freeze protection

Solar Photovoltaic • Converts sunlight into electricity • Can connect to electric 

grid 

• Solar site analysis 

needed

• High up front cost

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 104

Renewable Energy

Wind Power • Height and space requirements best suited 

for rural areas

• Unlikely to be a viable option for affordable 

housing

Geothermal Power • Uses constant temperature of earth • Some space and site 

considerations – need a 

site assessment

• Higher installation cost, but 

payback in 5-10 years

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 105

Water Management

 Interior Moisture Control • Critical to prevent mold, insects, rodents • Install plumbing in interior walls, when feasible • Bathrooms – do not use paper-faced gypsum 

board around tubs

 Water conservation • EPA has established its WaterSenseSM

program to label products that are water 

efficient

• High efficiency toilets • Bathroom sinks • Showerheads • ENERGY STAR appliances • Point-of-use hot water systems, for distant 

locations
36

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 106

Healthy Home Design

Ventilation. Key to controlling humidity 

and air pollutants

• Use exhaust fans in kitchens and 

bathrooms

• Vent clothes dryers

• Meet ASHRAE Standard 62.2 for dilution 

ventilation.

Control emissions. Use electric appliance 

and ensure proper installation and 

maintenance of gas appliances

Test and control for radon

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 107

Operations and 

Management

Benefits of building green can be lost with 

poor operation or management practices

• Update building operations and 

maintenance procedures

• Use less toxic cleaners

• Use walk-off mats to keep dust and debris 

out of interiors

• Vacuum frequently, use HEPA filter if 

possible

• Enforce no-smoking policies

• Develop integrated pest management plan

• Perform routine maintenance and replace 

HVAC filters regularly

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 108

Module 5: Incorporating 

Energy Efficiency into 

Moderate Rehab and Other 

Activities
37

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 109

Energy Efficiency and 

Moderate Rehabilitation

Key steps to incorporate energy 

efficiency into rehab activities

Understanding energy usage in 

older buildings

Energy efficiency measures 

Methods for determining costs and 

savings

Multi-family new construction 

Homeowner/occupant education

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 110

Discussion

What are your concerns about 

energy efficiency in your future 

rehabilitation projects?

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 111

Key Steps for Incorporating 

Energy Efficiency

1. Identify local capacity and supplemental 

funding

• Weatherization program

• Local utilities

• Regional energy consortium

2. Identify HOME-funded Activities that can 

incorporate energy efficiency

• Amount of assistance provided

• On-going or one-time relationship

• Payback period

• Beyond economics
38

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 112

Key Steps (cont)

3. Determine role of program staff

Assess local contractor capacity

4. Outreach to stakeholders and 

participants

5. Revise HOME program procedures

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 113

How Energy is Wasted in 

Buildings

Old and poorly maintained HVAC 

systems

Structural damage, leaks and decay

Insufficient and poorly installed 

insulation

Leaky and poorly installed ducts

Inefficient and/or leaky windows 

and doors

Lack of homeowner awareness = 

wasteful habits

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 114

Common Duct Problems

http://www.energystar.gov/ia/products/heat_cool/ducts/DuctSealingBrochure04.pdf
39

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 115

Energy Efficiency Features 

for Rehabilitation

Match outcome of property analysis 

to what features are most costeffective

Consider requiring low-cost, short 

payback items

At minimum, encourage moderate 

cost, moderate payback items

Allow for exemptions based on 

specific property condition and 

needs

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 116

Typically Low-Cost 

Features

Seal air leaks and manage

air flow • Seal the building envelope 9 Use caulk or spray foam • Segregate and maintain 

combustion equipment

• Provide adequate ventilation 9 Exhaust venting 9 Whole house ventilation • If no mechanical ventilation, 

assess ventilation system to 

ensure adequate indoor air 

quality before sealing

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 117

Typically Low-Cost 

Features

Increase insulation • Follow or beat recommended levels 

for geographic area. 

• Attic floor is often biggest 

need

• Proper installation is critical for 

effectiveness

NOT This Way! Uneven 

and compressed
40

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 118

Typically Low-Cost 

Features (cont)

Seal and insulate ducts, replace air filters

• Focus on ducts in attics, crawlspaces, 

unheated basement and garages

• Use mastic or foil-backed tape

Install programmable thermostats

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 119

Typically Moderate-to-High 

Cost Features 

Install ENERGY STAR 

appliances and lighting

• Based on condition of 

existing appliances

Replace windows

• For pre-1978 buildings, 

use lead-safe work 

practices

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 120

Typically Moderate-to-High 

Cost Features (cont)

Install high efficiency HVAC

• Replace if over 10 years (15 for 

boilers) and having repair or 

performance issues

• Ensure proper sizing of new 

equipment. 

Ensure proper placement of return 

and delivery ducts and registers
41

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 121

Example of Addressing 

Energy Efficiency in Rehab

City of Boston, Department of 

Neighborhood Development - Residential 

Design Standards for Rehabilitation

• Individual replacement systems must be 

ENERGY STAR

• Projects 3-stories or less must be 

ENERGY STAR

• Projects over 3-stories must exceed 

ASHRAE 90.1- 2004 by 20% or equivalent

• Includes green and healthy building 

standards

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 122

Energy Efficiency Standards for 

Rehab

Exercise #6

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 123

Methods for Assessment

Four methods to assess existing building 

and identify possible energy efficiency 

measures

Select method(s) that meet your needs 

and priorities

• Energy Audit

• HUD Rehab Advisor

• ENERGY STAR on-line calculator

• Home Performance with ENERGY STAR
42

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 124

Energy Audits

Energy audit

• Inspection checklist

• Diagnostic testing

• Recommendations and cost analysis

Where to find qualified auditors

• Train PJ staff

• Weatherization program

• RESNET (www.natresnet.org)

• Building Performance 

Institute (www.bpi.org)

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 125

On-line Assessment 

Methods

HUD Rehab Advisor

• Enter property-specific information 

for possible energy efficient 

measures and estimated savings

• http://rehabadvisor.pathnet.org/ 

index.asp. 

ENERGY STAR on-line calculators

• Calculates costs savings on specific 

products

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 126
43

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 127

Home Performance with 

ENERGY STAR

No ENERGY STAR

label for existing homes. 

Whole-house evaluation

• Energy efficiency

• Related health and safety

Goal is to improve wholehouse energy performance

Provides summary report

• Results, recommendations, estimated 

savings/costs

Available in locally-sponsored areas

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 128

National Activity

Established 

Programs

Launching 

Programs

OR - Energy Trust of Oregon

No. CA - CBPCA)

CO - E-Star Colorado 

Ft Collins Utilities

City of Bolder

Colorado Springs

Austin Energy

WI – Focus on Energy

NY - NYSERDA

KC – Metro Energy

Center

Atlanta –

Southface

NJ - NJBPU

NY - LIPA

MA – NGRID

& NStar

ME – Energy Office

City of Anaheim

So. California Edison

Peoria – TRICON

VT – Efficiency Vermont

WY – Energy Office

ID– Energy Division

STL – EarthWays Center

MD – MEA 

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 129

New Construction High 

Rise Rental Properties

No established energy efficiency 

standards for rental properties over 

3 stories

PJs can require or encourage 

energy efficiency measures 

• Principles of ENERGY STAR 

qualified homes apply

ENERGY STAR and other pilot 

programs under development
44

ICF International Building ENERGY STAR Qualified Homes Slide 130

Homeowner/Occupant 

Education

Proper operation and maintenance is 

necessary to achieve energy cost savings

Provide information to occupants about 

proper use of new equipment/appliances

Ensure property owners update 

maintenance plans to reflect 

manufacturer’s recommendations

Provide information on non-toxic cleaners 

and maintaining and healthy indoor 

environment