II 

109TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. 1210 

To enhance the national security of the United States by providing for 

the research, development, demonstration, administrative support, and 

market mechanisms for widespread deployment and commercialization 

of biobased fuels and biobased products, and for other purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

JUNE 9, 2005 

Mr. HARKIN (for himself, Mr. LUGAR, Mr. OBAMA, and Mr. COLEMAN) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 

A BILL 

To enhance the national security of the United States by 

providing for the research, development, demonstration, 

administrative support, and market mechanisms for widespread deployment and commercialization of biobased 

fuels and biobased products, and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘National Security and Bioenergy Investment Act of 

6 2005’’. 
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1 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of 

2 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Findings. 

Sec. 3. Definitions. 

TITLE I—BIOMASS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 

Sec. 101. Definitions. 

Sec. 102. Cooperation and coordination in biomass research and development. 

Sec. 103. Biomass Research and Development Board. 

Sec. 104. Biomass Research and Development Technical Advisory Committee. 

Sec. 105. Biomass Research and Development Initiative. 

Sec. 106. Reports. 

Sec. 107. Funding. 

Sec. 108. Termination of authority. 

Sec. 109. Biomass-derived hydrogen. 

TITLE II—PRODUCTION INCENTIVES 

Sec. 201. Production incentives. 

TITLE III—ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE FOR 

ENERGY AND BIOBASED PRODUCTS 

Sec. 301. Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for Energy and Biobased Products. 

TITLE IV—PROCUREMENT OF BIOBASED PRODUCTS 

Sec. 401. Federal procurement. 

Sec. 402. Capitol Complex procurement. 

Sec. 403. Education . 

Sec. 404. Regulations. 

TITLE V—BIOECONOMY GRANTS AND TAX INCENTIVES 

Sec. 501. Small business bioproduct marketing and certification grants. 

Sec. 502. Regional bioeconomy development grants. 

Sec. 503. Preprocessing and harvesting demonstration grants. 

Sec. 504. Sense of the Senate. 

TITLE VI—OTHER PROVISIONS 

Sec. 601. Education and outreach. 

Sec. 602. Reports. 

3 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

4 Congress finds that— 
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1 (1) the Governors’ Ethanol Coalition, in the re2 port entitled ‘‘Ethanol From Biomass America’s 

3 21st Century Transportation Fuel’’, found that— 

4 (A) the dependence of the United States 

5 on oil is a major risk to national security and 

6 economic and environmental health; 

7 (B) the safest and least costly approach to 

8 mitigating these risks is to set and achieve ag9 gressive biofuels research, development, produc10 tion and use goals; and 

11 (C) significant investment in cellulosic 

12 biofuels, including a dramatic expansion of ex13 isting research programs, production and con14 sumer incentives, and commercialization assist15 ance, is needed; 

16 (2) the National Academy of Sciences has 

17 found that there are abundant sources of waste bio18 mass, and approximately 280,000,000 tons of waste 

19 biomass generated, in all regions of the United 

20 States each year; 

21 (3) the Natural Resources Defense Council has 

22 estimated that by 2025, 200,000,000 additional tons 

23 of biomass could be harvested each year from dedi24 cated energy crops grown throughout the country, 
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1 yielding $5,000,000,000 annually in profit for farm2 ers; 

3 (4) the Department of Agriculture has esti4 mated that energy derived from existing biomass 

5 supplies could displace 25 percent of current petro6 leum imports while still meeting agricultural de7 mands; 

8 (5) if all diesel fuel in the United States were 

9 blended with a 4-percent blend of biodiesel, crude oil 

10 consumption in the United States would be reduced 

11 by 300,000,000 barrels each year by 2016; 

12 (6) there is sufficient domestic feedstock for the 

13 production of at least 8,000,000,000 annual gallons 

14 of renewable fuels, including ethanol and biodiesel, 

15 by 2012; 

16 (7) the Natural Resources Defense Council has 

17 estimated that biomass could supply 50 percent of 

18 current transportation petroleum demand by 2050; 

19 (8) the National Academy of Sciences has esti20 mated that enough agricultural crop residue is pro21 duced each year to entirely replace the 700,000,000 

22 barrels of petroleum used in organic chemical pro23 duction in 2004; 

24 (9) the Biotechnology Industry Organization, in 

25 its report entitled ‘‘New Biotechnology Tools for a 
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1 Cleaner Environment’’, found that if all plastics in 

2 the United States were made from biomass, oil con3 sumption would decrease by up to 145,000,000 bar4 rels per year; 

5 (10) the National Academy of Sciences has re6 ported that biobased products have the potential to 

7 improve the sustainability of natural resources, envi8 ronmental quality, and national security while com9 peting economically; 

10 (11) the Department of Agriculture has made 

11 significant advances in the understanding and use 

12 by the United States of biomass as a feedstock for 

13 fuels and products; 

14 (12) through participation with the Department 

15 of Energy in the Biomass Research and Develop16 ment Initiative, the Department of Agriculture has 

17 also made valuable contributions, through grant18 making and other initiatives, to the support of bio19 mass research and development at institutions 

20 throughout the United States; 

21 (13) the Government Accountability Office has 

22 found that— 

23 (A) actions to implement the requirements 

24 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act 

25 of 2002 (Public Law 107–171; 116 Stat. 134) 
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1 for purchasing biobased products have been lim2 ited; and 

3 (B) greater priority by the Department of 

4 Agriculture would promote compliance by other 

5 agencies with biobased purchasing require6 ments; 

7 (14) an Assistant Secretary of the Department 

8 of Agriculture for Energy and Biobased Products 

9 would provide the priority, staff, and financial re10 sources to fully implement biobased purchasing re11 quirements and other provisions of the energy title 

12 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 

13 2002; 

14 (15) Federal Government contractors and the 

15 Architect of the Capitol are currently exempt from 

16 biobased purchasing requirements of the Farm Secu17 rity and Rural Investment Act of 2002; 

18 (16) expansion of those biobased purchasing re19 quirements— 

20 (A) to Federal contractors would signifi21 cantly expand the market for, and advance 

22 commercialization of, biobased products; and 

23 (B) to the Architect of the Capitol would, 

24 in combination with a program of public edu25 cation, allow the Capitol Complex to serve as a 
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1 showcase for the existence, use, and benefits of 

2 biobased products; 

3 (17) fuel derived from cellulosic biomass could 

4 have near-zero net carbon dioxide and sulfur emis5 sions, and substantially reduced carbon monoxide, 

6 particulate and toxic emissions relative to petroleum7 based fuels; 

8 (18) the bipartisan National Commission on 

9 Energy Policy has predicted that with a dedicated 

10 Federal research, development, and demonstration 

11 effort, cellulosic ethanol could be less expensive to 

12 produce than gasoline by 2015; 

13 (19) the 2004 report of the Rocky Mountain 

14 Institute, entitled ‘‘Winning the Oil Endgame’’, esti15 mated that a mature biomass industry would create 

16 up to 1,045,000 jobs; 

17 (20) the National Academy of Sciences has 

18 found that there are significant opportunities to 

19 produce biomass ethanol more efficiently; 

20 (21) the National Commission on Energy Policy 

21 has found that current Federal programs directed 

22 toward reducing the cost of biofuels are under-fund23 ed, intermittent, scattered, and poorly targeted; 

24 (22) a report commissioned by the Department 

25 of Defense urged the United States to invest in a 
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1 new large-scale initiative to produce biofuels as an 

2 alternative supply source, and as a feedstock for fu3 ture fuel vehicles; 

4 (23) the Consumer Federation of America has 

5 found that the blending of ethanol into conventional 

6 gasoline can significantly benefit consumers by low7 ering prices at the pump; 

8 (24) 45 leading national security, labor, and en9 ergy policy experts joined the Energy Future Coali10 tion in supporting a national commitment to cut the 

11 oil use of the United States by 25 percent by 2025 

12 through the rapid development and deployment of 

13 advanced biomass, alcohol, and other available petro14 leum fuel alternatives; and 

15 (25) an aggressive effort to advance technology 

16 for conversion of biomass to fuel and products is 

17 warranted. 

18 SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 

19 In this Act: 

20 (1) DEPARTMENT.—The term ‘‘Department’’ 

21 means the Department of Agriculture. 

22 (2) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means 

23 the Secretary of Agriculture. 
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1 TITLE I—BIOMASS RESEARCH 

2 AND DEVELOPMENT 

3 SEC. 101. DEFINITIONS. 

4 Section 303 of the Biomass Research and Develop5 ment Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 

6 note) is amended— 

7 (1) by striking paragraphs (2), (3), and (9); 

8 (2) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), (6), 

9 (7), and (8) as paragraphs (5), (7), (8), (9), and 

10 (10) respectively; 

11 (3) by inserting after paragraph (1) the fol12 lowing: 

13 ‘‘(2) BIOBASED FUEL.—The term ‘biobased 

14 fuel’ means any transportation fuel produced from 

15 biomass. 

16 ‘‘(3) BIOBASED PRODUCT.—The term ‘biobased 

17 product’ means a commercial or industrial product 

18 (including chemicals, materials, polymers, and ani19 mal feed) produced from biomass, or electric power 

20 derived in connection with the conversion of biomass 

21 to fuel. 

22 ‘‘(4) BIOMASS.— 

23 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘biomass’ 

24 means— 
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1 ‘‘(i) organic material from a plant, in2 cluding grasses and trees, that is planted 

3 for the purpose of being used to produce 

4 energy, including vegetation produced for 

5 harvest on land enrolled in the conserva6 tion reserve program established under 

7 subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle D of 

8 title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 

9 (16 U.S.C. 3831 et seq.) if the harvest is 

10 consistent with the integrity of soil and 

11 water resources and with other environ12 mental purposes of the conservation re13 serve program; 

14 ‘‘(ii) nonhazardous, lignocellulosic, or 

15 hemicellulosic matter derived from— 

16 ‘‘(I) the following forest-related 

17 resources: 

18 ‘‘(aa) pre-commercial 

19 thinnings; 

20 ‘‘(bb) slash; and 

21 ‘‘(cc) brush; 

22 ‘‘(II) an agricultural crop, crop 

23 byproduct, or agricultural crop res24 idue, including vegetation produced 

25 for harvest on land enrolled in the 
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1 conservation reserve program estab2 lished under subchapter B of chapter 

3 1 of subtitle D of title XII of the 

4 Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 

5 3831 et seq.) if the harvest is con6 sistent with the integrity of soil and 

7 water resources and with other envi8 ronmental purposes of the conserva9 tion reserve program; or 

10 ‘‘(III) miscellaneous waste, in11 cluding landscape or right-of-way tree 

12 trimmings; and 

13 ‘‘(iii) agricultural animal waste. 

14 ‘‘(B) EXCLUSION.—The term ‘biomass’ 

15 does not include— 

16 ‘‘(i) unsegregated municipal solid 

17 waste; 

18 ‘‘(ii) incineration of municipal solid 

19 waste; 

20 ‘‘(iii) recyclable post-consumer waste 

21 paper and paper products; 

22 ‘‘(iv) painted, treated, or pressurized 

23 wood; 

24 ‘‘(v) wood contaminated with plastic 

25 or metals; or 
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1 ‘‘(vi) tires.’’; and 

2 (4) by inserting after paragraph (5) (as redesig3 nated by paragraph (2)): 

4 ‘‘(6) DEMONSTRATION.—The term ‘demonstra5 tion’ means demonstration of technology in a pilot 

6 plant or semi-works scale facility.’’. 

7 SEC. 102. COOPERATION AND COORDINATION IN BIOMASS 

8 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. 

9 Section 304 of the Biomass Research and Develop10 ment Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 

11 note) is amended— 

12 (1) in subsections (a) and (d), by striking ‘‘in13 dustrial products’’ each place it appears and insert14 ing ‘‘fuels and biobased products’’; 

15 (2) by striking subsections (b) and (c); 

16 (3) by redesignating subsection (d) as sub17 section (b); and 

18 (4) in subsection (b)(1)(A) (as redesignated by 

19 paragraph (3)), by striking ‘‘an officer of the De20 partment of Agriculture appointed by the President 

21 to a position in the Department before the date of 

22 the designated, by and with the advice and consent 

23 of the Senate’’ and inserting: ‘‘the Assistant Sec24 retary of Agriculture for Energy and Biobased Prod25 ucts’’. 
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1 SEC. 103. BIOMASS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD. 

2 Section 305 of the Biomass Research and Develop3 ment Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 

4 note) is amended— 

5 (1) in subsections (a) and (c), by striking ‘‘in6 dustrial products’’ each place it appears and insert7 ing ‘‘fuels and biobased products’’; 

8 (2) in subsection (b)— 

9 (A) in paragraph (1), by striking 

10 ‘‘304(d)(1)(B)’’ and inserting ‘‘304(b)(1)(B)’’; 

11 and 

12 (B) in paragraph (2), by striking 

13 ‘‘304(d)(1)(A)’’ and inserting ‘‘304(b)(1)(A)’’; 

14 and 

15 (3) in subsection (c)— 

16 (A) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ‘‘and’’ 

17 at the end; 

18 (B) in paragraph (2), by striking the pe19 riod at the end and inserting a semicolon; and 

20 (C) by adding at the end the following: 

21 ‘‘(3) ensure that— 

22 ‘‘(A) solicitations are open and competitive 

23 with awards made annually; and 

24 ‘‘(B) objectives and evaluation criteria of 

25 the solicitations are clearly stated and mini-
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1 mally prescriptive, with no areas of special in2 terest; and 

3 ‘‘(4) ensure that the panel of scientific and 

4 technical peers assembled under section 

5 307(c)(2)(C) to review proposals is composed pre6 dominantly of independent experts selected from out7 side the Departments of Agriculture and Energy.’’. 

8 SEC. 104. BIOMASS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TECH9 NICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE. 

10 Section 306 of the Biomass Research and Develop11 ment Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 

12 note) is amended— 

13 (1) in subsection (b)(1)— 

14 (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking 

15 ‘‘biobased industrial products’’ and inserting 

16 ‘‘biofuels’’; 

17 (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) 

18 through (J) as subparagraphs (C) through (K), 

19 respectively; 

20 (C) by inserting after subparagraph (A) 

21 the following: 

22 ‘‘(B) an individual affiliated with the 

23 biobased industrial and commercial products in24 dustry;’’; 
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1 (D) in subparagraph (F) (as redesignated 

2 by subparagraph (B)) by striking ‘‘an indi3 vidual’’ and inserting ‘‘2 individuals’’; 

4 (E) in subparagraphs (C), (D), (G), and 

5 (I) (as redesignated by subparagraph (B)) by 

6 striking ‘‘industrial products’’ each place it ap7 pears and inserting ‘‘fuels and biobased prod8 ucts’’; and 

9 (F) in subparagraph (H) (as redesignated 

10 by subparagraph (B)), by inserting ‘‘and envi11 ronmental’’ before ‘‘analysis’’; 

12 (2) in subsection (c)(2)— 

13 (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking 

14 ‘‘goals’’ and inserting ‘‘objectives, purposes, and 

15 considerations’’; 

16 (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) 

17 and (C) as subparagraphs (C) and (D), respec18 tively; 

19 (C) by inserting after subparagraph (A) 

20 the following: 

21 ‘‘(B) solicitations are open and competitive 

22 with awards made annually and that objectives 

23 and evaluation criteria of the solicitations are 

24 clearly stated and minimally prescriptive, with 

25 no areas of special interest;’’; and 
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1 (D) in subparagraph (C) (as redesignated 

2 by subparagraph (B)) by inserting ‘‘predomi3 nantly from outside the Departments of Agri4 culture and Energy’’ after ‘‘technical peers’’. 

5 SEC. 105. BIOMASS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INITIA6 TIVE. 

7 Section 307 of the Biomass Research and Develop8 ment Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 

9 note) is amended— 

10 (1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘research on 

11 biobased industrial products’’ and inserting ‘‘re12 search on, and development and demonstration of, 

13 biobased fuels and biobased products, and the meth14 ods, practices and technologies, including industrial 

15 biotechnology, for their production’’; and 

16 (2) by striking subsections (b) through (e) and 

17 inserting the following: 

18 ‘‘(b) AGENCIES.— 

19 ‘‘(1) AGRICULTURE.—The Secretary of Agri20 culture, through the point of contact of the Depart21 ment of Agriculture and in consultation with the 

22 Board, shall provide, or enter into, grants, contracts, 

23 and financial assistance under this section through 

24 the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Ex25 tension Service of the Department of Agriculture. 
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1 ‘‘(2) ENERGY.—The Secretary of Energy, 

2 though the point of contact of the Department of 

3 Energy and in consultation with the Board, shall 

4 provide, or enter into, grants, contracts, and finan5 cial assistance under this section through the appro6 priate agency, as determined by the Secretary of En7 ergy. 

8 ‘‘(c) OBJECTIVES.—The objectives of the Initiative 

9 are to develop— 

10 ‘‘(1) technologies and processes necessary for 

11 abundant commercial production of biobased fuels at 

12 prices competitive with fossil fuels; 

13 ‘‘(2) high-value biobased products— 

14 ‘‘(A) to enhance the economic viability of 

15 biobased fuels and power; and 

16 ‘‘(B) as substitutes for petroleum-based 

17 feedstocks and products; and 

18 ‘‘(3) a diversity of sustainable domestic sources 

19 of biomass for conversion to biobased fuels and 

20 biobased products. 

21 ‘‘(d) PURPOSES.—The purposes of the Initiative 

22 are— 

23 ‘‘(1) to increase the energy security of the 

24 United States; 
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1 ‘‘(2) to create jobs and enhance the economic 

2 development of the rural economy; 

3 ‘‘(3) to enhance the environment and public 

4 health; and 

5 ‘‘(4) to diversify markets for raw agricultural 

6 and forestry products. 

7 ‘‘(e) TECHNICAL AREAS.—To advance the objectives 

8 and purposes of the Initiative, the Secretary of Agriculture 

9 and the Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Ad10 ministrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and 

11 heads of other appropriate departments and agencies (re12 ferred to in this section as the ‘Secretaries’), shall direct 

13 research and development toward— 

14 ‘‘(1) feedstock production through the develop15 ment of crops and cropping systems relevant to pro16 duction of raw materials for conversion to biobased 

17 fuels and biobased products, including— 

18 ‘‘(A) development of advanced and dedi19 cated crops with desired features, including en20 hanced productivity, broader site range, low re21 quirements for chemical inputs, and enhanced 

22 processing; 

23 ‘‘(B) advanced crop production methods to 

24 achieve the features described in subparagraph 

25 (A); 
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1 ‘‘(C) feedstock harvest, handling, trans2 port, and storage; and 

3 ‘‘(D) strategies for integrating feedstock 

4 production into existing managed land; 

5 ‘‘(2) overcoming recalcitrance of cellulosic bio6 mass through developing technologies for converting 

7 cellulosic biomass into intermediates that can subse8 quently be converted into biobased fuels and 

9 biobased products, including— 

10 ‘‘(A) pretreatment in combination with en11 zymatic or microbial hydrolysis; and 

12 ‘‘(B) thermochemical approaches, including 

13 gasification and pyrolysis; 

14 ‘‘(3) product diversification through tech15 nologies relevant to production of a range of 

16 biobased products (including chemicals, animal 

17 feeds, and cogenerated power) that eventually can 

18 increase the feasibility of fuel production in a bio19 refinery, including— 

20 ‘‘(A) catalytic processing, including 

21 thermochemical fuel production; 

22 ‘‘(B) metabolic engineering, enzyme engi23 neering, and fermentation systems for biological 

24 production of desired products or cogeneration 

25 of power; 
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1 ‘‘(C) product recovery; 

2 ‘‘(D) power production technologies; and 

3 ‘‘(E) integration into existing biomass 

4 processing facilities, including starch ethanol 

5 plants, paper mills, and power plants; and 

6 ‘‘(4) analysis that provides strategic guidance 

7 for the application of biomass technologies in accord8 ance with realization of societal benefits in improved 

9 sustainability and environmental quality, cost effec10 tiveness, security, and rural economic development, 

11 usually featuring system-wide approaches. 

12 ‘‘(f) ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS.—Within the 

13 technical areas described in subsection (e), and in addition 

14 to advancing the purposes described in subsection (d) and 

15 the objectives described in subsection (c), the Secretaries 

16 shall support research and development— 

17 ‘‘(1) to create continuously expanding opportu18 nities for participants in existing biofuels production 

19 by seeking synergies and continuity with current 

20 technologies and practices, including the use of dried 

21 distillers grains as a bridge feedstock; 

22 ‘‘(2) to maximize the environmental, economic, 

23 and social benefits of production of biobased fuels 

24 and biobased products on a large scale through life- 
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1 cycle economic and environmental analysis and other 

2 means; and 

3 ‘‘(3) to assess the potential of Federal land and 

4 land management programs as feedstock resources 

5 for biobased fuels and biobased products, consistent 

6 with the integrity of soil and water resources and 

7 with other environmental considerations. 

8 ‘‘(g) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—To be eligible for a grant, 

9 contract, or assistance under this section, an applicant 

10 shall be— 

11 ‘‘(1) an institution of higher education; 

12 ‘‘(2) a national laboratory; 

13 ‘‘(3) a Federal research agency; 

14 ‘‘(4) a State research agency; 

15 ‘‘(5) a private sector entity; 

16 ‘‘(6) a nonprofit organization; or 

17 ‘‘(7) a consortium of 2 of more entities de18 scribed in paragraphs (1) through (6). 

19 ‘‘(h) ADMINISTRATION.— 

20 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—After consultation with the 

21 Board, the points of contact shall— 

22 ‘‘(A) publish annually 1 or more joint re23 quests for proposals for grants, contracts, and 

24 assistance under this section; 
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1 ‘‘(B) establish a priority in grants, con2 tracts, and assistance under this section for re3 search that advances the objectives, purposes, 

4 and additional considerations of this title; 

5 ‘‘(C) require that grants, contracts, and 

6 assistance under this section be awarded com7 petitively, on the basis of merit, after the estab8 lishment of procedures that provide for sci9 entific peer review by an independent panel of 

10 scientific and technical peers; and 

11 ‘‘(D) give some preference to applications 

12 that— 

13 ‘‘(i) involve a consortia of experts 

14 from multiple institutions; 

15 ‘‘(ii) encourage the integration of dis16 ciplines and application of the best tech17 nical resources; and 

18 ‘‘(iii) increase the geographic diversity 

19 of demonstration projects. 

20 ‘‘(2) DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDING BY TECH21 NICAL AREA.—Of the funds authorized to be appro22 priated for activities described in this section— 

23 ‘‘(A) 20 percent shall be used to carry out 

24 activities for feedstock production under sub25 section (e)(1); 
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1 ‘‘(B) 45 percent shall be used to carry out 

2 activities for overcoming recalcitrance of cel3 lulosic biomass under subsection (e)(2); 

4 ‘‘(C) 30 percent shall be used to carry out 

5 activities for product diversification under sub6 section (e)(3); and 

7 ‘‘(D) 5 percent shall be used to carry out 

8 activities for strategic guidance under sub9 section (e)(4). 

10 ‘‘(3) DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDING WITHIN EACH

11 TECHNICAL AREA.—Within each technical area de12 scribed in paragraphs (1) through (3) of subsection 

13 (e)— 

14 ‘‘(A) 15 percent of funds shall be used for 

15 applied fundamentals; 

16 ‘‘(B) 35 percent of funds shall be used for 

17 innovation; and 

18 ‘‘(C) 50 percent of funds shall be used for 

19 demonstration. 

20 ‘‘(4) MATCHING FUNDS.— 

21 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A minimum 20 per22 cent funding match shall be required for dem23 onstration projects under this title. 
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1 ‘‘(B) NO OTHER REQUIREMENT.—No 

2 matching funds shall be required for other ac3 tivities under this title. 

4 ‘‘(5) TECHNOLOGY AND INFORMATION TRANS5 FER TO AGRICULTURAL USERS.— 

6 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator of 

7 the Cooperative State Research, Education, and 

8 Extension Service and the Chief of the Natural 

9 Resources Conservation Service shall ensure 

10 that applicable research results and tech11 nologies from the Initiative are adapted, made 

12 available, and disseminated through those serv13 ices, as appropriate. 

14 ‘‘(B) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years 

15 after the date of enactment of this paragraph, 

16 and every 2 years thereafter, the Administrator 

17 of the Cooperative State Research, Education, 

18 and Extension Service and the Chief of the 

19 Natural Resources Conservation Service shall 

20 submit to the committees of Congress with ju21 risdiction over the Initiative a report describing 

22 the activities conducted by the services under 

23 this subsection.’’. 
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1 SEC. 106. REPORTS. 

2 Section 309 of the Biomass Research and Develop3 ment Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 

4 note) is amended— 

5 (1) in subsection (a)— 

6 (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘indus7 trial product’’ and inserting ‘‘fuels and biobased 

8 products’’; and 

9 (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘indus10 trial products’’ each place it appears and insert11 ing ‘‘fuels and biobased products’’; 

12 (2) by redesignating subsection (b) as sub13 section (c); 

14 (3) by inserting after subsection (a) the fol15 lowing: 

16 ‘‘(b) ASSESSMENT REPORT AND STRATEGIC PLAN.— 

17 Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the 

18 National Security and Bioenergy Investment Act of 2005, 

19 the Secretary and the Secretary of Energy shall jointly 

20 submit to Congress a report that— 

21 ‘‘(1) describes the status and progress of cur22 rent research and development efforts in both the 

23 Federal Government and private sector in achieving 

24 the objectives, purposes, and considerations of this 

25 title, specifically addressing each of the technical 

26 areas identified in section 307(e); 
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1 ‘‘(2) describes the actions taken to implement 

2 the improvements directed by this title; and 

3 ‘‘(3) outlines a strategic plan for achieving the 

4 objectives, purposes, and considerations of this 

5 title.’’; and 

6 (4) in subsection (c) (as redesignated by para7 graph (2))— 

8 (A) in paragraph (1)— 

9 (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 

10 ‘‘purposes described in section 307(b)’’ and 

11 inserting ‘‘objectives, purposes, and addi12 tional considerations described in sub13 sections (c) through (f) of section 307’’; 

14 (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 

15 ‘‘and’’ at the end; 

16 (iii) by redesignating subparagraph 

17 (C) as subparagraph (D); and 

18 (iv) by inserting after subparagraph 

19 (B) the following: 

20 ‘‘(C) achieves the distribution of funds de21 scribed in paragraphs (2) and (3) of section 

22 307(h); and’’; and 

23 (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘indus24 trial products’’ and inserting ‘‘fuels and 

25 biobased products’’. 
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1 SEC. 107. FUNDING. 

2 (a) FUNDING.—Section 310(a)(2) of the Biomass Re3 search and Development Act of 2000 (Public Law 106– 

4 224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 note) is amended by striking 

5 ‘‘$14,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2003 through 2007’’ 

6 and inserting ‘‘$200,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 

7 through 2010’’. 

8 (b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 

9 310(b) of the Biomass Research and Development Act of 

10 2000 (Public Law 106–224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 note) is 

11 amended by striking ‘‘title $54,000,000 for each of fiscal 

12 years 2002 through 2007’’ and inserting‘‘title 

13 $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2011 and each fiscal year 

14 thereafter’’. 

15 SEC. 108. TERMINATION OF AUTHORITY. 

16 The Biomass Research and Development Act of 2000 

17 (Public Law 106–224; 7 U.S.C. 8101 note) is amended 

18 by striking section 311. 

19 SEC. 109. BIOMASS-DERIVED HYDROGEN. 

20 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall conduct a re21 search, development, and demonstration program focused 

22 on the economic production and use of hydrogen from 

23 biofuels, with emphasis on the rural transportation and 

24 rural electrical generation sectors. 
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1 (b) TRANSPORTATION SECTOR OBJECTIVES.—The 

2 objectives of the program in the transportation sector shall 

3 be to— 

4 (1) conduct research, and to develop and test 

5 processes and equipment, to produce low-cost liquid 

6 biobased fuels that can be transported to distant 

7 fueling stations for the production of hydrogen or 

8 for direct use in conventional internal combustion 

9 engine vehicles; 

10 (2) demonstrate the cost-effective production of 

11 hydrogen from liquid biobased fuels at the local fuel12 ing station, to eliminate the costs of transporting hy13 drogen long distances or building hydrogen pipeline 

14 networks; 

15 (3) demonstrate the use of hydrogen derived 

16 from liquid biobased fuels in fuel cell vehicles, or, as 

17 an interim cost-reduction option, in internal combus18 tion engine hybrid electric vehicles, to demonstrate 

19 sustainable transportation with significantly reduced 

20 local air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and de21 pendence on imported fossil fuels; 

22 (4) evaluate the economic return to agricultural 

23 producers producing feedstocks for liquid biobased 

24 fuels compared to agricultural producer returns as 

25 of the date of enactment of this Act; 
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1 (5) evaluate the crop yield and long-term soil 

2 sustainability of growing and harvesting feedstocks 

3 for liquid biobased fuels; and 

4 (6) evaluate the fuel costs to fuel cell car own5 ers (or hybrid electric car owners running on hydro6 gen) per mile driven compared to burning gasoline 

7 in conventional vehicles. 

8 (c) ELECTRICAL GENERATION SECTOR OBJEC9 TIVES.—The objectives of the program in the rural elec10 trical generation sector shall be to— 

11 (1) design, develop, and test low-cost gasifi12 cation equipment to convert biomass to hydrogen at 

13 regional rural cooperatives, or at businesses owned 

14 by farmers, close to agricultural operations to mini15 mize the cost of biomass transportation to large cen16 tral gasification plants; 

17 (2) demonstrate low-cost electrical generation at 

18 such rural cooperatives or farmer-owned businesses, 

19 using renewable hydrogen derived from biomass in 

20 either fuel cell generators, or, as an interim cost re21 duction option, in conventional internal combustion 

22 engine gensets; 

23 (3) determine the economic return to coopera24 tives or other businesses owned by farmers of pro25 ducing hydrogen from biomass and selling electricity 
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1 compared to agricultural economic returns from pro2 ducing and selling conventional crops alone; 

3 (4) evaluate the crop yield and long-term soil 

4 sustainability of growing and harvesting of feed5 stocks for biomass gasification, and 

6 (5) demonstrate the use of a portion of the bio7 mass-derived hydrogen in various agricultural vehi8 cles to reduce— 

9 (A) dependence on imported fossil fuel; 

10 and 

11 (B) environmental impacts. 

12 (d) AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

13 is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 

14 $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2010. 

15 TITLE II—PRODUCTION 

16 INCENTIVES 

17 SEC. 201. PRODUCTION INCENTIVES. 

18 (a) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this section is to— 

19 (1) accelerate deployment and commercializa20 tion of biofuels; 

21 (2) deliver the first 1,000,000,000 gallons of 

22 cellulosic biofuels by 2015; 

23 (3) ensure biofuels produced after 2015 are 

24 cost competitive with gasoline and diesel; and 
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1 (4) ensure that small feedstock producers and 

2 rural small businesses are full participants in the de3 velopment of the cellulosic biofuels industry. 

4 (b) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

5 (1) CELLULOSIC BIOFUELS.—The term ‘‘cel6 lulosic biofuels’’ means any fuel that is produced 

7 from cellulosic feedstocks. 

8 (2) ELIGIBLE ENTITY.—The term ‘‘eligible enti9 ty’’ means a producer of fuel from cellulosic biofuels 

10 the production facility of which— 

11 (A) is located in the United States; 

12 (B) meets all applicable Federal and State 

13 permitting requirements; 

14 (C) is to begin production of cellulosic 

15 biofuels not later than 3 years after the date of 

16 the reverse auction in which the producer par17 ticipates; and 

18 (D) meets any financial criteria established 

19 by the Secretary. 

20 (c) PROGRAM.— 

21 (1) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary, in con22 sultation with the Secretary of Energy, the Sec23 retary of Defense, and the Administrator of the En24 vironmental Protection Agency, shall establish an in-
32 

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1 centive program for the production of cellulosic 

2 biofuels. 

3 (2) BASIS OF INCENTIVES.—Under the pro4 gram, the Secretary shall award production incen5 tives on a per gallon basis of cellulosic biofuels from 

6 eligible entities, through— 

7 (A) set payments per gallon of cellulosic 

8 biofuels produced in an amount determined by 

9 the Secretary, until initiation of the first re10 verse auction; and 

11 (B) reverse auction thereafter. 

12 (3) FIRST REVERSE AUCTION.—The first re13 verse auction shall be held on the earlier of— 

14 (A) not later than 1 year after the first 

15 year of annual production in the United States 

16 of 100,000,000 gallons of cellulosic biofuels, as 

17 determined by the Secretary; or 

18 (B) not later than 3 years after the date 

19 of enactment of this Act. 

20 (4) REVERSE AUCTION PROCEDURE.— 

21 (A) IN GENERAL.—On initiation of the 

22 first reverse auction, and each year thereafter 

23 until the earlier of the first year of annual pro24 duction in the United States of 1,000,000,000 

25 gallons of cellulosic biofuels, as determined by 
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1 the Secretary, or 10 years after the date of en2 actment of this Act, the Secretary shall conduct 

3 a reverse auction at which— 

4 (i) the Secretary shall solicit bids 

5 from eligible entities; 

6 (ii) eligible entities shall submit— 

7 (I) a desired level of production 

8 incentive on a per gallon basis; and 

9 (II) an estimated annual produc10 tion amount in gallons; and 

11 (iii) the Secretary shall issue awards 

12 for the production amount submitted, be13 ginning with the eligible entity submitting 

14 the bid for the lowest level of production 

15 incentive on a per gallon basis, until the 

16 amount of funds available for the reverse 

17 auction is committed. 

18 (B) AMOUNT OF INCENTIVE RECEIVED.— 

19 An eligible entity selected by the Secretary 

20 through a reverse auction shall receive the 

21 amount of performance incentive requested in 

22 the auction for each gallon produced and sold 

23 by the entity during the first 6 years of oper24 ation. 
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1 (d) LIMITATIONS.—Awards under this section shall 

2 be limited to— 

3 (1) a per gallon amount determined by the Sec4 retary during the first 4 years of the program; 

5 (2) a declining per gallon cap over the remain6 ing lifetime of the program, to be established by the 

7 Secretary so that cellulosic biofuels produced after 

8 the first year of annual cellulosic biofuels production 

9 in the United States in excess of 1,000,000,000 gal10 lons are cost competitive with gasoline and diesel; 

11 (3) not more than 25 percent of the funds com12 mitted within each reverse auction to any 1 project; 

13 (4) not more than $100,000,000 in any 1 year; 

14 and 

15 (5) not more than $1,000,000,000 over the life16 time of the program. 

17 (e) PRIORITY.—In selecting a project under the pro18 gram, the Secretary shall give priority to projects that— 

19 (1) demonstrate outstanding potential for local 

20 and regional economic development; 

21 (2) include agricultural producers or coopera22 tives of agricultural producers as equity partners in 

23 the ventures; and 

24 (3) have a strategic agreement in place to fairly 

25 reward feedstock suppliers. 
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1 (f) FUNDING.— 

2 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall use to 

3 carry out this title $250,000,000 of funds of the 

4 Commodity Credit Corporation, to remain available 

5 until expended. 

6 (2) AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS.—In 

7 addition to amounts made available under paragraph 

8 (1), there are authorized to be appropriated such 

9 sums as are necessary to carry out this section. 

10 TITLE III—ASSISTANT SEC11 RETARY OF AGRICULTURE 

12 FOR ENERGY AND BIOBASED 

13 PRODUCTS 

14 SEC. 301. ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE FOR 

15 ENERGY AND BIOBASED PRODUCTS. 

16 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 1 year after 

17 the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall es18 tablish in the Department a position of Assistant Sec19 retary of Agriculture for Energy and Biobased Products 

20 (referred to in this section as the ‘‘Assistant Secretary’’). 

21 (b) RESPONSIBILITIES.—The Assistant Secretary 

22 shall be responsible for— 

23 (1) the energy programs established under title 

24 IX of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act 

25 of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101 et seq.); and 
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1 (2) all other programs and initiatives that the 

2 Secretary considers appropriate. 

3 (c) CONFIRMATION REQUIREMENT.—The Assistant 

4 Secretary shall be appointed by the President, by and with 

5 the advice and consent of the Senate. 

6 (d) PERSONNEL.—The Secretary, acting through the 

7 Assistant Secretary, may transfer or assign work to per8 sonnel, or assign staff hours, on a permanent or a part9 time basis, as needed, to the Office of the Assistant Sec10 retary to carry out the functions and duties of the office. 

11 (e) BUDGET.—The Secretary shall establish a budget 

12 for the office of the Assistant Secretary. 

13 TITLE IV—PROCUREMENT OF 

14 BIOBASED PRODUCTS 

15 SEC. 401. FEDERAL PROCUREMENT. 

16 (a) DEFINITION OF PROCURING AGENCY.—Section 

17 9001 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 

18 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101) is amended— 

19 (1) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), and 

20 (6) as paragraphs (5), (6), and (7), respectively; and 

21 (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the fol22 lowing: 

23 ‘‘(4) PROCURING AGENCY.—The term ‘pro24 curing agency’ means— 
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1 ‘‘(A) any Federal agency that is using 

2 Federal funds for procurement; or 

3 ‘‘(B) any person contracting with any Fed4 eral agency with respect to work performed 

5 under the contract.’’. 

6 (b) PROCUREMENT.—Section 9002 of the Farm Se7 curity and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8102) 

8 is amended— 

9 (1) by striking ‘‘Federal agency’’ each place it 

10 appears (other than in subsections (f) and (g)) and 

11 inserting ‘‘procuring agency’’; 

12 (2) in subsection (c)(2)— 

13 (A) by striking ‘‘(2)’’ and all that follows 

14 through ‘‘Notwithstanding’’ and inserting the 

15 following: 

16 ‘‘(2) FLEXIBILITY.—Notwithstanding’’; 

17 (B) by striking ‘‘an agency’’ and inserting 

18 ‘‘a procuring agency’’; and 

19 (C) by striking ‘‘the agency’’ and inserting 

20 ‘‘the procuring agency’’; 

21 (3) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘procured by 

22 Federal agencies’’ and inserting ‘‘procured by pro23 curing agencies’’; and 

24 (4) in subsection (f), by striking ‘‘Federal agen25 cies’’ and inserting ‘‘procuring agencies’’ . 
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1 SEC. 402. CAPITOL COMPLEX PROCUREMENT. 

2 Section 9002 of the Farm Security and Rural Invest3 ment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8102) (as amended by section 

4 401(b)) is amended— 

5 (1) by redesignating subsection (j) as sub6 section (k); and 

7 (2) by inserting after subsection (i) the fol8 lowing: 

9 ‘‘(j) INCLUSION.—Not later than 90 days after the 

10 date of enactment of the National Security and Bioenergy 

11 Investment Act of 2005, the Architect of the Capitol, the 

12 Sergeant of Arms of the Senate, and the Chief Adminis13 trative Officer of the House of Representatives shall issue 

14 regulations that apply the requirements of this section to 

15 procurement for the Capitol Complex.’’. 

16 SEC. 403. EDUCATION . 

17 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Architect of the Capitol shall 

18 establish in the Capitol Complex a program of public edu19 cation regarding use by the Architect of the Capitol of 

20 biobased products. 

21 (b) PURPOSES.—The purposes of the program shall 

22 be— 

23 (1) to establish the Capitol Complex as a show24 case for the existence and benefits of biobased prod25 ucts; and 
39 

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1 (2) to provide access to further information on 

2 biobased products to occupants and visitors. 

3 SEC. 404. REGULATIONS. 

4 Requirements issued under the amendment made by 

5 section 402 shall be made in accordance with regulations 

6 issued by the Committee on Rules and Administration of 

7 the Senate and the Committee on House Administration 

8 of the House of Representatives. 

9 TITLE V—BIOECONOMY GRANTS 

10 AND TAX INCENTIVES 

11 SEC. 501. SMALL BUSINESS BIOPRODUCT MARKETING AND 

12 CERTIFICATION GRANTS. 

13 (a) IN GENERAL.—Using amounts made available 

14 under subsection (g), the Secretary shall make available 

15 on a competitive basis grants to eligible entities described 

16 in subsection (b) for the biobased product marketing and 

17 certification purposes described in subsection (c). 

18 (b) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—An entity eligible for a 

19 grant under this section is any manufacturer of biobased 

20 products that— 

21 (1) has fewer than 50 employees; 

22 (2) proposes to use the grant for the biobased 

23 product marketing and certification purposes de24 scribed in subsection (c); and 
40 

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1 (3) has not previously received a grant under 

2 this section. 

3 (c) BIOBASED PRODUCT MARKETING AND CERTIFI4 CATION GRANT PURPOSES.—A grant made under this sec5 tion shall be used— 

6 (1) to plan activities and working capital for 

7 marketing of biobased products; and 

8 (2) to provide private sector cost sharing for 

9 the certification of biobased products. 

10 (d) MATCHING FUNDS.— 

11 (1) IN GENERAL.—Grant recipients shall pro12 vide matching non-Federal funds equal to the 

13 amount of the grant received. 

14 (2) EXPENDITURE.—Matching funds shall be 

15 expended in advance of grant funding, so that for 

16 every dollar of grant that is advanced, an equal 

17 amount of matching funds shall have been funded 

18 prior to submitting the request for reimbursement. 

19 (e) AMOUNT.—A grant made under this section shall 

20 not exceed $100,000. 

21 (f) ADMINISTRATION.—The Secretary shall establish 

22 such administrative requirements for grants under this 

23 section, including requirements for applications for the 

24 grants, as the Secretary considers appropriate. 
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1 (g) AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

2 are authorized to be appropriated to make grants under 

3 this section— 

4 (1) $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; and 

5 (2) such sums as are necessary for fiscal year 

6 2007 and each subsequent fiscal year. 

7 SEC. 502. REGIONAL BIOECONOMY DEVELOPMENT GRANTS. 

8 (a) IN GENERAL.—Using amounts made available 

9 under subsection (g), the Secretary shall make available 

10 on a competitive basis grants to eligible entities described 

11 in subsection (b) for the purposes described in subsection 

12 (c). 

13 (b) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—An entity eligible for a 

14 grant under this section is any regional bioeconomy devel15 opment association, agricultural or energy trade associa16 tion, or Land Grant institution that— 

17 (1) proposes to use the grant for the purposes 

18 described in subsection (c); and 

19 (2) has not previously received a grant under 

20 this section. 

21 (c) REGIONAL BIOECONOMY DEVELOPMENT ASSO22 CIATION GRANT PURPOSES.—A grant made under this 

23 section shall be used to support and promote the growth 

24 and development of the bioeconomy within the region 

25 served by the eligible entity, through coordination, edu-
42 

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1 cation, outreach, and other endeavors by the eligible enti2 ty. 

3 (d) MATCHING FUNDS.— 

4 (1) IN GENERAL.—Grant recipients shall pro5 vide matching non-Federal funds equal to the 

6 amount of the grant received. 

7 (2) EXPENDITURE.—Matching funds shall be 

8 expended in advance of grant funding, so that for 

9 every dollar of grant that is advanced, an equal 

10 amount of matching funds shall have been funded 

11 prior to submitting the request for reimbursement. 

12 (e) ADMINISTRATION.—The Secretary shall establish 

13 such administrative requirements for grants under this 

14 section, including requirements for applications for the 

15 grants, as the Secretary considers appropriate. 

16 (f) AMOUNT.—A grant made under this section shall 

17 not exceed $500,000. 

18 (g) AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

19 are authorized to be appropriated to make grants under 

20 this section— 

21 (1) $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; and 

22 (2) such sums as are necessary for fiscal year 

23 2007 and each subsequent fiscal year. 
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1 SEC. 503. PREPROCESSING AND HARVESTING DEMONSTRA2 TION GRANTS. 

3 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall make grants 

4 available on a competitive basis to enterprises owned by 

5 agricultural producers, for the purposes of demonstrating 

6 cost-effective, cellulosic biomass innovations in— 

7 (1) preprocessing of feedstocks, including clean8 ing, separating and sorting, mixing or blending, and 

9 chemical or biochemical treatments, to add value 

10 and lower the cost of feedstock processing at a bio11 refinery; or 

12 (2) 1-pass or other efficient, multiple crop har13 vesting techniques. 

14 (b) LIMITATIONS ON GRANTS.— 

15 (1) NUMBER OF GRANTS.—Not more than 5 

16 demonstration projects per fiscal year shall be fund17 ed under this section. 

18 (2) NON-FEDERAL COST SHARE.—The non19 Federal cost share of a project under this section 

20 shall be not less than 20 percent, as determined by 

21 the Secretary. 

22 (c) CONDITION OF GRANT.—To be eligible for a 

23 grant for a project under this section, a recipient of a 

24 grant or a participating entity shall agree to use the mate25 rial harvested under the project— 

26 (1) to produce ethanol; or 
44 

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1 (2) for another energy purpose, such as the 

2 generation of heat or electricity. 

3 (d) AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

4 is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section 

5 $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2010. 

6 SEC. 504. SENSE OF THE SENATE. 

7 It is the sense of the Senate that Congress should 

8 amend the Federal tax code to encourage investment in, 

9 and production and use of, biobased fuels and biobased 

10 products through— 

11 (1) an investment tax credit for the construc12 tion or modification of facilities for the production of 

13 fuels from cellulose biomass, to drive private capital 

14 towards new biorefinery projects in a manner that 

15 allows participation by smaller farms and coopera16 tives; and 

17 (2) an investment tax credit to small manufac18 turers of biobased products to lower the capital costs 

19 of starting and maintaining a biobased business. 

20 TITLE VI—OTHER PROVISIONS 

21 SEC. 601. EDUCATION AND OUTREACH. 

22 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish, 

23 within the Department or through an independent con24 tracting entity, a program of education and outreach on 

25 biobased fuels and biobased products consisting of— 
45 

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1 (1) training and technical assistance programs 

2 for feedstock producers to promote producer owner3 ship, investment, and participation in the operation 

4 of processing facilities; and 

5 (2) public education and outreach to familiarize 

6 consumers with the biobased fuels and biobased 

7 products. 

8 (b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

9 authorized to be appropriated to carry out this title 

10 $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2010. 

11 SEC. 602. REPORTS. 

12 (a) PROGRESS REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after 

13 the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall sub14 mit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Rep15 resentatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, 

16 and Forestry of the Senate a report on progress in estab17 lishing the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Agriculture 

18 for Energy and Biobased Products under title I. 

19 (b) BIOBASED PRODUCT POTENTIAL.—Not later 

20 than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 

21 Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture 

22 of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 

23 Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a re24 port that— 
46 

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1 (1) describes the economic potential for the 

2 United States of the widespread production and use 

3 of commercial and industrial biobased products 

4 through calendar year 2025; and 

5 (2) as the maximum extent practicable, identi6 fies the economic potential by product area. 

7 (c) ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC INDICATORS.—Not later 

8 than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, and 

9 every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to 

10 Congress an analysis of economic indicators of the 

11 biobased economy during the 2-year period preceding the 

12 analysis. 

Æ