SPRING/SUMMER 1994 

No. 76 

Infonnation 

For Users and Benefactors of the 

Smithsonian Institution Libraries 

Project Access 

S PECULATION ABOUT THE VIRTUAL LIBRARY has appeared prominently in the media in recent 

months. The goal of a truly virtual library where the researcher can immediately access 

any bit of information, be it text, picture, or sound, is still a few years in the future. The 

Libraries is keeping apace with technological advances, moving towards the goal of making 

an increasing array of information resources available in an electronically networked 

environment at the Smithsonian Institution. 

Project Access is the Libraries’ program established to enable the Institution’s research and 

user community to access information which is now available from a multitude of sources in 

a variety of formats. The cornerstone of Project Access is SIRIS (Smithsonian Institution 

Research Information System) which provides access to the Libraries’ 1.2 million volumes 

through SIL’s 

online catalog. 

The Database 

Searching 

Center, accessible electronically from all 

eighteen branch 

libraries through 

direct connections and from 

some office 

personal computers (PC’S), 

provides a wide 

variety of 

indexes and 

abstracts in CDROM format. 

(Continued on 

page 5) 

Martin Kalfutovic with Libraries ’ Usrr.s 

Advisory Committee members Dominick 

Pisano, National Air and Space Museum, 

and Rodris Roth, National Museum of 

American History; inset, SIRIS screen with a 

brief record display (Richard Strauss) 

IN THIS ISSUE 

Project Access 

Trade Literature: A 

Hidden Treasure 

Peters Lectures on the 

Internet 

“Race to the Telephone” 

Post-Graduate Resident 

Completes Practicum 

Oceans and Robots: 

SIL/Dibner Library 

Resident Scholars 

SIL Mission Statement 

DEPARTMENTS 

Letter from the Director: 

Preservation Concerns 

Development Watch 

SIL News Digest: 

Garber Donation 

End Notes: Calendar of 

Exhibitions 

MARGINALIA 

- Publications 

- Featuring . . . 

- Project Access 

- In Brief 

1S 

3-4 

5 

6 

6 

6 

7 

8 

2 

4 

596 

7 
Page 2 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBRARIES Spring/Summer 1994 

PUBLICATIONS 

Electronic Publication 

Smithsonian on Disc. Catalog of 

the Smithsonian Institution 

Libraries on CD-ROM. Boston: 

G. K. Hall & Co., 1994 

The disc contains more than 

443,000 records of SIL collections, and the records of the 

National Museum of American 

Art/National Portrait Gallery 

Library (a separate entity). G. K. 

Hall, an imprint of Macmillan, 

Inc., will publish an annual 

update. 

Paper Publication 

Catalog of the Cooper-Hewitt 

Museum of Design Library of the 

Smithsonian Institution Libraries. 6 volumes (3,266 pages). 

Boston, Massachusetts: G. K. 

Hall, 1993 

Staff Publications 

Nancy E. Gwinn. “Smithsonian 

Institution Libraries. Washington, D.C., USA,” in Encyclopedia of Library History, 578-580. 

Ed. by Wayne A. Wiegand and 

Donald G. Davis, Jr. New York: 

Garland Publishing, Inc., 1994 

Martin R. Kalfatovic. “Sex, 

Lies, and European Hegemony: 

Travel Literature as Idealogy.” 

Journal of Popular Culture 

26(4), (Spring 1993): 111-14 

Suzanne C. Bilsk. The ABCs of 

Cataloging: Building Blocks for 

an Organized Collection. 

Washington, D. C.: Special 

Libraries Association, 1993 

Rhoda S. Ratner. “Historical 

Research in Trade Catalogs.” 

Library Lit. 21 - The Best of 

1990. J.A. Hannigan, ed. pp. 

484-9 1. Metuchen and London: 

Scarecrow Press, 1992 

Janet L. Stanley, compiler. The 

Arts of Africa: An Annotated 

Bibliography. Volume 3. 1989 

(with omissions from I986 to 

1988). Atlanta: African Studies 

Association Press, 1994 

Ellen B. Wells. “The Von 

Hundersdorf Library: A 

Magnificent Addition to the NSL 

[National Sporting Library].” 

National Sporting Library 

Newsletter, no. 37, (Summer 

1993): [ 11-2 

LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR 

Preservation Concerns 

M RS. KARKLINS'S piece in this issue about our trade catalog collection (see Trade Literature, 

pp. 3-4) points to a problem we share with the nation’s libraries, preservation. It is a 

particularly acute problem for items like the trade catalogs, items that never were intended to 

last and therefore were published on poor quality paper that is rapidly deteriorating. Like so 

many other matters that appear to be simple, preservation is a deceptively complicated problem 

for libraries. The mere act of choosing what to preserve and what to let turn to dust is controversial and is exacerbated by the great expense involved. Recent estimates indicate that it costs 

$90.00 per volume to microfilm a book. And authorities in the field, when pressed, will admit that 

microfilming is currently the only preservation tool that is proven, standardized, and promises a 

long shelf life. Yet, even if sufficient funding were available and the trade catalog collection was 

microfilmed, much of the value of its marvelous array of illustrations would be lost. The color and 

fine detail in many of the catalogs would not survive transfer from paper to microfilm. 

The Commission on Preservation and 

Access, a private, nonprofit organization 

acting on behalf of libraries, archives and 

universities, defines its mission as 

developing and encouraging collaborative 

strategies for preserving and providing 

access to the accumulated human record. 

In March the Commission announced the 

establishment of The Digital Preservation 

Consortium which will examine a myriad 

of issues from insuring the longevity of 

digitized images to defining production 

quality standards. Digitizing appears to 

be an application that is ideal for many of 

the estimated 300,000 trade catalogs in 

the SIL collection. While the Libraries 

has not yet ventured into these more 

technologically advanced means of 

preserving materials, our Preservation 

Services Department routinely employs 

microfilming in its preservation program for 

the general collections, augmenting the 

program as required by preservation photocopy, an even more expensive tool than 

microfilming. The work of the Commission’s 

new Consortium will be watched carefully by 

our Preservation Services staff so that when 

funds are available appropriate choices can 

be made to ensure that those library users 

who will need to consult the materials under 

our care will be able to do so for some time 

to come. As Mrs. Karklins indicates, we must 

first bring order to the catalog collection and 

acquire funding to do so before major 

preservation initiatives can begin. Only when 

both cataloging and preservation have been 

completed can we assure long term access to 

this notable collection of information about 

manufacturing, business, and marketing in 

the United States. 

Barbara J. Smith 

Development Watch 

T HE LIBRARIES WAS AWARDED three grants by the Smithsonian Women’s Committee: $3,783 to 

cover the cost of adjustable support stands for the exhibition of rare books. These efficient 

and economical stands are reusable, and will replace the costly custom-made stands previously 

made for each exhibition. 2) $6,000 to fund two educational brochures for the forthcoming 

exhibition on “Balloons: The First Decade of Flight, 1783-1793,” scheduled to open in September 1994. And 3) $4,000 to conserve one of the finest illustrated travel guides of the seventeenth-century, Martin Zeiller’s Topographic Gael (1655-7 l), with 33 1 hand-colored 

engravings, many by Casper Merian. This scarce work is in the collections of the Cooper-Hewitt 

National Design Museum Branch Library. 
Spring/Summer 1994 Information Page 3 

Trade Literature 

Outside Funding Begins To Bring Light to Hidden Treasure 

c 

ontributions from the Atherton Seidell Endowment Fund and the Jaques Admiralty 

Law Firm have recently made it possible to continue organizing and indexing the 

Libraries’ distinctive collection of trade literature. The collection of over 300,000 items 

of trade catalog literature is acknowledged as a national treasure. Acquired over the years 

through gift and purchase and representing an estimated 35,000 companies, most items 

date from around 1875 to the mid-twentieth century, with an estimated 45% printed 

between 1900 and 1930. 

The name ‘trade catalogs’ is derived from the expression ‘to the trade,’ and the materials 

were initially produced for wholesalers, retailers, and salesmen. By the late nineteenth 

century illustrated catalogs became an accepted way of publicizing consumer and 

industrial products, from plumbing fixtures for the ‘modern bath’ to agricultural machinery and fences for the farmer and sophisticated precision machine tools used in the 

growing industrial centers. The collection consists of product catalogs, technical manuals, 

advertising brochures, price lists, and company histories which describe and publicize the 

products of American business, industry, agriculture, and the decorative arts. Most of the 

trade literature is located in the Branch Library of the National Museum of American 

History, and the Burpee and McFarland collections of seed catalogs are housed in the 

Horticulture Branch Library, with a number of design-related catalogs for products from 

tableware and wallcoverings to ornamental garden furniture in the Cooper-Hewitt 

National Design.Museum Branch Library. 

Researchers rely on illustrations in old trade catalogs as an important source of information on specific products in their studies of technological development, using them to 

identify artifacts and trace histories of products. Economic and business history is wellserved by these surviving pieces which trace the growth of a company and development 

of its products. Social and cultural historians, patent searchers, remodelers of old houses 

and designers of period gardens, and lawyers and journalists all find a treasure trove of 

information in this genre of printed literature. 

Because this sizeable collection has not yet been fully organized, these valuable materials 

are a hidden treasure. Most of the collection is not indexed, and researchers and librarians 

must spend extra time locating the specific information they seek. It is not for lack of 

interest or attention that the collection remains largely unorganized. Memory, as well as 

documents in the Libraries’ files dating back to the 1960s point to planning and fundraising efforts. Over the last thirty years, the Libraries has hired consultants, surveyed other 

libraries that hold trade literature collections, and sent out funding proposals. The first 

tangible progress was made as a result of procedures developed by the Working Group on 

Trade Catalogs, 1980-1983. Some 45,000 individual items were cataloged following 

procedures developed by that group. The work, done mostly with volunteer help, progressed slowly at a “stop and go” pace. When it became clear that indexing each item 

would take an inordinate amount of time, the Libraries wisely chose to pursue another 

approach, and create a record for each company, with the promise of gaining bibliographic control of the collection at least ten times sooner. 

The Atherton Seidell Committee awarded a small grant to index the Mel Heinz collection 

of 60,000 mid-twentieth-century trade catalogs on machine-tools and metal-working. The 

Continued on page 4) 

Trade catalog covers, from top, Bridgeport Machines, Division of Textron (ca 1950) (Mel Heinz 

Collection), United Drug Company, Rexall Ad-Vantaaes (1927), Burroughs Adding Machine 

Company (1916) 
Page 4 SMITHSONIAN lNSTlTUTION LIBRARIES Spring/Summer 1994 

FEATURING . . . Trade Literature (Continuedfrom page 3) 

Professional Appointments 

Thomas Bickley was appointed 

Librarian of the Anacostia 

Museum Branch. He earned his 

M.S.L.S. from The Catholic 

University of America and his 

B.A. from the University of 

Houston. He holds a M.A. in 

Music from The American 

University and a Master of 

Divinity from the Wesley 

Theological Seminary. 

Claire Dekle joined the 

Preservation Services Department, Book Conservation 

Laboratory, as a book conservator in November. She earned her 

B.A. from Agnes Scott College, 

and her M.L.S. from Columbia 

University. She recently 

completed an internship with the 

Royal Academy of Arts in 

London, England. 

collection is a gift of Mrs. Maxine Heinz, the 

widow of Mr. Heinz. In 1993 the funds were used 

to contract out the cataloging, and two librarians 

are now devoting a portion of their time to the 

project; Jim Roan, librarian in the National 

Museum of American History Branch, arranging 

the collection by company, and cataloger Carolyn 

Hamilton of Original Cataloging and Indexing 

providing quality control for the contractor’s 

work. An important part of the project is to stabilize 

and protect the paper catalogs by placing them in 

acid free envelopes and boxes. Recent support 

received from the Jaques Admiralty Law Firm 

permits this work to continue. 

A Trade-Getter 

You Can’t IZeat 

Margaret Dittemore has been 

named Librarian of the Anthropology Branch. Dr. Dittemore 

was awarded a B.A. and a 

M.L.S. at University of 

California/Berkeley, and she 

earned her Ph.D from the 

University of Chicago. She 

previously worked at the Van 

Pelt Library of the University of 

Pennsylvania. 

Electrex Flatiron The Libraries is appreciative of the support 

received from the Atherton Seidell Endowment 

Fund and from the Jaques Admiralty Law Firm. 

With this start in organizing and cataloging the 

trade literature, researchers are beginning to see 

good online records of this amazingly diverse 

collection. The need for substantial funding to 

Gwendolen R. Leighty joins 

SIL as Development Officer. 

She previously worked at the 

Institution’s Office of Development, and she earned her B.A. 

from Dartmouth College, and 

M.A. in Public Administration at 

George Washington University. 

Valerie Wheat is the Librarian 

of the Museum Reference 

Center. She was awarded her 

B.A. from Fisk University, an 

M.A. in Spanish at Howard 

University, and her M.L.S. from 

University of Missouri - 

Columbia. 

Trade catalog back cover, United Drug 

Company, Rexall Ad-Vantages (1927) 

complete the project is now ever more 

evident. When the company-level indexing is completed, it will be possible to group subject areas and 

create a series of specialized data bases to serve 

particular research interests. The materials could then 

be put on microfilm or optical disk, thus assuring 

long-term preservation of the contents, and making 

the visual images available to researchers. 

7>ude cut&g covet-Jt 0,/l Uetitl~ilrlll Sire1 

Company [1948?] (Mel Heinz Collection) 

Vija L. Karklins 

Deputy Director 

Trade catalog cover, Randolph Radio 

Corp. (1927) 
Spring/Summer 1994 Information Page 5 

Project Access (Continuedfrom page I) 

SILIBS-L is a listserv that provides electronic news and information via electronic mail and is 

designed to keep the Institution’s research community in touch with new services of the 

Libraries. A recently introduced innovation is the ability to request materials through interlibrary loan using electronic mail. The ultimate objective of Project Access is to bring library 

services, collections, and information directly to each user’s desk through his or her personal 

computer. 

The Internet is a primary means for delivering many of these new resources. Project Access is 

now tapping the Internet as a means of bringing today’s information services to the Smithsonian 

community of library users. Other on-going features of Project Access are maintaining subscriptions to online databases, and membership in or association with national and international 

networks. The Libraries Systems Office provides much of the equipment and network connectivity; and branch libraries’ staff assists 

users with research help in each of the 

eighteen branch locations. 

To increase the Smithsonian community’s 

ability to carry on its work effectively, the 

Libraries must be able to supply a wide 

range of information quickly. Online 

databases and other electronic resources are 

a means of meeting the goal of providing 

accurate and complete information on 

demand. The Libraries previews and tests 

appropriate new information technologies 

for its users under the direction of the 

Information Access Coordinator. 

Integrated circuit chip. Courtesy of Division of 

Electricity and Modern Physics, National Museum of 

American History. Gift of Texas Instruments, Inc. 

Cat. 187.487.035. 

Currently the Libraries is experimenting 

with FirstSearch, a collection of over forty 

end-user bibliographic databases covering a 

wide range of disciplines produced by the 

Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) 

and available over the Internet. By Fall the 

Libraries will conduct a trial of another 

collection of end-user databases, CitaDel, 

maintained by the Research Libraries 

Group. 

As Project Access continues to develop, 

SIL encourages a dialogue between the Libraries staff and its community of users. The Libraries’ Information Access Coordinator is ready to assist users in choosing from and accessing the 

increasing number of electronic resources we are putting at their disposal. Contact the coordinator at email: LIBEM07 1. or call 202-357-2139. 

Martin R. Kalfatovic 

Information Access Coordinator 

PROJECT 

ACCESS: 

Electronic Information Resources Available from Smithsonian 

Institution Libraries 

l SIRIS (Smithsonian Institution 

Research Information System): 

Includes the Libraries’ online 

catalog of over 1.2 million 

volumes covering all areas of the 

Institution’s areas of research 

interest. SIRIS also includes 

access to the catalogs of nine 

Smithsonian office and bureau 

collections. 

l Database Searching Center 

(DBSC): Smithsonian Institution 

Libraries offers access to many 

CD-ROM databases (including 

BIOSIS, America: History and 

Life, Art Index, Dissertation 

Abstracts, Humanities Index, 

Wildlife Review and Fisheries 

Review, AGRICOLA, and 

others). Please see a branch 

librarian for details. 

l SILIBS-L: An electronic news 

and information service 

(Continued on page 6) 

/ I 

Paul Evan Peters spoke on “The 

National Information Infrastructure, the Internet, and the Future 

for Research and Education - 

What Networking Means to You” 

on December 3, 1993. Peters is 

Director of the Coalition of 

Networked Information, a joint 

project of the Association of 

Research Libraries, EDUCOM, 

and CAUSE. The Libraries and 

the SIRIS Management Committee co-sponsored the lecture 

which was open to staff 

throughout the Institution. 

(Laurie Minor-Penland) 
SMlTHSONlANINSTITUTIllNI,IRRARIES Sprin~/Summer 1994 

PROJECT 

ACCESS: 

(Continued from page 5) 

available via electronic mail to 

keep the SI research community 

in touch with new Libraries’ 

services. Please call Martin 

Kalfatovic at 202-357-2139 for 

information on how to sign-up. 

l CD-ROM Databases: SIL 

branches have a variety of CDROMS (data oriented compact 

disks) available for use. For 

example, U.S. History on CDROM in the National Museum 

of American History Branch; 

UNESCO Bibliography of 

Museology in the Museum 

Reference Center; Jane’s All the 

World’s Aircraft in the 

National Air and Space Museum 

Branch; and Multimedia Birds 

of America in the National 

Museum of Natural History 

Branch. See a branch librarian 

for additional titles. 

l Inter-library loan (ILL) and 

document supply through 

electronic mail. Staff may now 

order ILL items and documents 

using electronic mail accounts. 

l FirstSearch: This service 

provides access to over 15 

million items on WorldCat, the 

OCLC database of bibliographic 

information. The over forty 

databases on FirstSearch 

include: ArticleFirst; Arts and 

Humanities Search; Biography 

Index; ContentsFirst; 

Disclosure Corporate Snapshots; GPO Monthly Catalog; 

MEDLINE; MLA Bibliography; Readers’ Guide to 

Periodical Literature; Social 

Sciences Index; and others. 

l Online Database Searching: 

Branch librarians are able to 

offer online database resources 

such as DIALOG, EPIC, 

RLIN, and selected others to 

Smithsonian Institution research 

staff. Please contact a branch 

librarian for more information 

about available databases. 

Contact a branch librarian for 

details on all services listed 

above or call Central Reference 

and Loan Services at 202-357- 

2139. 

“Race to the Telephone” 

w 

BERNARD CARLSON delivered the 

, 1994 Dibner Library lecture before an 

appreciative crowd of some sixty members of the 

public and Smithsonian staff. His slide illustrated 

talk on “Making Connections: Alexander Graham 

Bell, Elisha Gray, and Thomas A. Edison and the 

Race to the Telephone” was a dramatic account 

about how the three inventors all worked towards 

the same invention in the 1870s. Carlson projected 

images of drawings of the first experimental 

prototypes developed by the three inventors, and 

photographs of the men, their families and business 

partners, and of the earliest telephones, some of 

which are currently on display in the exhibition “The 

Information Age” in the National Museum of 

American History. An Associate Professor of 

Technology, Culture, and Communication in the 

School of Engineering and Applied Science, 

W. Bernard Carlson (Jeff Tinsley) 

University of Virginia, Carlson was a 1993 SIL/Dibner Library Resident Scholar. He is currently at work on a book with his colleague Michael Gorman on invention as a cognitive process. In 

1991 he published Innovation as a Social Process: Elihu Thomson and the Rise of General 

Electric, 1970-1900 (Cambridge University Press). 

Post-Graduate Resident Completes Practicum 

S ALLY SIEW-SIEW CHUAH, a naiive of Penang, Malaysia, who was selected after a nationwide recruitment as the Libraries’ first Post-Graduate Resident in Library and Information 

Science, has completed a successful year of training. This practicum, designed to train beginning professionals for a career in a research library, was funded by the James Smithson Society. 

The Libraries is seeking funds to support the continuation of the program. Ms. Chuah gave an 

informal talk to Libraries staff about her impressions from her varied experiences at “Lunch 

with Sally,” part of the Brown Bag Lunch Series sponsored by the Libraries Staff Development 

Committee. 

Oceans and Robots: SIUDibner Library Resident 

Scholars Named 

T HE 1994 SIL/DIBNER LIBRARY RESIDENT SCHOLARS are Helen M. Rozwadowski and Steven 

A. Walton. Ms. Rozwadowski, whose research will concentrate on “Fruits of the Sea: The 

Literary Products of Nineteenth-Century Ocean Travel,” is a Ph.D. candidate in the History and 

Sociology of Science at the University of Pennsylvania. She earned her B.A. in Biology and 

English at Williams College, and an M.A. in her current field of study from the University of 

Pennsylvania. Walton is in a pre-doctoral program at the Institute for the History and Philosophy 

of Science and Technology, University of Toronto, working on “Engineering the Body: Examples of Mechanical Beings, 1500- 1800,” a study of early robotics. He earned a B.S. from Cornell 

University and an M. S. from the California Institute of Technology, both in the field of Mechanical Engineering. 
Spring/Summer 1994 Information Page 7 

SIL NEWS DIGEST IN BRIEF 

GARBER DONATION The Libraries on-line public 

The Libraries has recently acquired a fine collection of books left by Paul Edward Garber, 

Historian Emeritus and Ramsey Fellow of the National Air and Space Museum, who died in 

catalog is up and running on 

SIRIS, the Smithsonian 

Institution Research Information 

September 1993 at the age of 93. Three notable items received from Garber’s personal library 

are General Billy Mitchell’s Winged Defense (1925), inscribed by the author, a book which 

brought the need for the use of aircraft in the 

nation’s defense strategy to the attention of 

politicians and the public; an autographed 

copy of the famed World War II general 

‘Hap’ Arnold’s Global Mission (1949), with 

his personal account of the development of 

American air power and air operations during 

the war; and Francesco Zambeccari’s 

Descrizione della maccina aerostatica de1 

cittadino Bologna (1803), a very early book 

on Italian aeronautics. Nearly 200 of 

Garber’s books will be added to the collections of two Branch Libraries, the National 

Air and Space Museum Branch and the 

National Museum of American History 

Branch. Among Garber’s many accomplishments in his seventy-two year association 

with the Institution was his assistance in cofounding The Ramsey Room which houses 

the rare book collections of the National Air 

and Space Museum Branch. The rare-book 

facility was established with funds provided 

by Juanita Ramsey, the widow of Admiral 

Dewitt Clinton Ramsey, a naval aviator and 

Commander in Chief of the Pacific Fleet, and 

System. Library users can access 

the catalog in all of the eighteen 

branch libraries, and soon will 

be able to get into the catalog 

from office comnuters CDCS~. 

SIRIS also carries databases 

from several archives, bureaux 

and other offices within the 

Smithsonian Institution. The 

Libraries expects that SIRIS 

with the Libraries online catalog 

will be available on the Internet 

in the fall of 1994. 

Author Fiske Hanley presented a copy of his Histop 

of the 504th Bomb Grout in World War II (1993) to 

National Air and Space Museum Branch Librarian 

Dave Spencer. Other members on the 504th Bomb 

Group Veterans Association were on hand for the 

presentation. The photograph was taken at the P-47 

display on the first floor of the museum. 

a friend of Garber’s. 

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBRARIES MISSION STATEMENT 

The Smithsonian Institution Libraries supports the mission of the Smithsonian Institution 

“for the increase and diffusion of knowledge” by providing access to information in all 

forms to Smithsonian scientists, scholars, curators, and staff, as well as others with 

research needs. The Libraries accomplishes this by building, organizing, managing, 

housing, and preserving collections; by providing reference services and consultation; 

by employing all appropriate technologies for finding and disseminating information; 

and by contributing to and drawing from remote databases. The Libraries offers 

educational opportunities which include exhibitions, internships, publications, lectures, 

and user instruction. The Libraries participates in local, national, and international 

networks and cooperative activities which promote the sharing of information, access to 

recorded knowledge, and the support and advancement of scholarly 

communication. February, 1994 1 

Smithian hstihtita 

Lihies 

Information is published 

semiannually to inform 

users and benefactors about 

SK’s services and 

programs and about issues 

affecting the Libraries. 

Nancy L. Matthews, Editor 

Send all correspondence to 

the editor, SIL, at Natural 

History Building 22, MRC 

154, Smithsonian 

Institution, Washington, 

DC 20560. Telephone 

(202) 357-2240. Fax (202) 

786-2866. 

Presstar Printing, Inc. 

Design and Production 

Printed on recycled paper. @ 
Page 8 SMITHSONI,IN INSTITUTION LIBUBIES Spring/Summer 1994 

END NOTES 

Calendar of Exhibitions 

Opening Fall 1994 

Opening Spring 1995 

SIL EXHIBITION GALLERY 

National Museum of American History, first floor, west wing 

1090 a.m.-5:30 p.m. daily 

Balloons: The First Decade of Flight, 1783-1793 

Thomas Crouch and Alex Spencer, National Air and Space Museum, Curators 

The Art of Discovery: Scientists’ Books/Artists’ Books 

co-sponsored with Washington Project for the Arts 

Carol Barton, Robin Moore, and Ellen Wells, Curators 

Smithsonian Institution Libraries 

Natural History Building 22, MRC 154 

Washington, D. C. 20560 

@‘FICIAL BUSINESS 

PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300 

BULK RATE 

Postage & Fees 

PAID 

Smithsonian 

Institution 

Permit No. G-94