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NON - PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37 COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA

v. ANTHONY G. WILLIAMS

Appellant : : : : : : : : : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF

PENNSYLVANIA

No. 1515 EDA 2019 Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered November 23, 2016 In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at No(s): CP - 51 - CR - 0013658 - 2013 BEFORE: BENDER, P.J.E., STABILE, J., and STRASSBURGER, J. * 

### MEMORANDUM BY BENDER, P.J.E.: FILED JUNE 26, 2020 Appellant, Anthony G. Williams, appeals nunc pro tunc from the judgment of sentence of 4 to 8 years ’ incarceration, followed by two years ’ probation, imposed after a jury co nvicted him of sexual assault (18 Pa.C.S. § 3124.1) and indecent assault of an unconscious person (18 Pa.C.S. § 3126(a)(4)). After careful review, we affirm. The trial court summarized the facts underlying Appellant ’ s convictions, as follows: On July 26, 2013, the complainant, S.S., and her friend, C.C., went to the Millcreek Tavern located on 52 nd 

### [Street] and Wyalusing Avenue in Philadelphia to celebrate S.S.’s birthday. From around 10:00 p.m. until midnight, S.S. and C.C. sat at the bar drinking and t alking. S.S. consumed approximately five double shots of tequila. At some point, S.S. noticed [Appellant] , a friend of her children’s father, in the bar. [Appellant] approached S.S., and they began talking. C.C. left the bar around

_________________ ____________________ _______ * 

### Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.

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midnight. [Appellant] bought S.S. another tequila drink, and they remained at the bar together for about another hour. Notes of Testimony (“N.T.”), 6/28/2016 [,] at 32 - 37, 55 - 56. S.S. asked [Appellant] if they could go to another bar, but he told her she was dru nk a nd needed to go home. S.S. felt “woozy” and “sleepy” when she left the bar. [Appellant] placed his arm around S.S.’s back, and they got into [Appellant] ’s car. S.S. then fell asleep. When S.S. awoke, she was walking up a flight of stairs in what she as sumed was her own home. They proceeded to the back room where [Appellant] pushed S.S. onto the bed from behind. S.S. again fell asleep. At some point, she felt her clothing being removed. S.S. then felt [Appellant] on top of her with his penis inside o f her vagina. She was unable to speak or move. Id. at 37 - 43. While it was still dark outside, S.S. got back into the car with [Appellant] and told him to drop her off at her children’s father’s house. When she arrived at the house, she began crying and told her children’s father that she had been raped. S.S. then went to sleep and woke up around 10:45 a.m. It was at this point that she disclosed who had assaulted her. S.S. also noticed that her underwear was tucked inside of her bra, and that she was wearing her tights inside out. Later in the afternoon on July 27, 2013, S.S. provided a statement to police. Id. at 43 - 47, 63. Trial Court Opinion (TCO), 10/17/19, at 1 - 2 (footnote omitted). Appellant was arrested and charged with the above - stated offen ses, as well as rape. At the close of his jury trial, he was convicted of sexual assault and indecent assault of an unconscious person, but acquitted of the rape charge . The court ordered a presentence investigation report and an evaluation by the Sexual Offenders Assessment Board, which determined Appellant was not a sexually violent predator. On November 23, 2016, the court sentenced Appellant as set forth supra . He did not file a timely direct appeal. However, Appellant later filed a petition under the Post Conviction Relief Act, 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541 - 9546, seeking the restoration of his right to

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appeal. The court granted that petition , and Appellant timely filed this nunc pro tunc appeal. He also timely complied with the trial court’s order to file a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) concise statement of errors complained of on appeal, and the court thereafter filed its Rule 1925(a) opinion. The court also filed an amended opinion on November 27, 2019. Herein, Appellant states three issues for our review: 1. Whethe r there was sufficient evidence presented to establish the jurisdiction of the trial court without proof that the alleged crime occurred within the city and county of Philadelphia[?] 2. Whether there was sufficient evidence presented to establish each and every element of the crimes of sexual assault and indecent assault of an unconscious person[?] 3. Whether the trial court imposed an illegal sentence in excess of the statutory maximum by imposing a lifetime registration requirement upon [A]ppellant[?] App ellant’s Brief at 7. Appellant first contends that “the jurisdiction of the trial court was not established” because “the Commonwealth failed to present evidence to prove that the alleged crimes occurred within the geographic boundaries of the city and county of Philadelphia.” Id. at 11 (emphasis omitted). Initially, the Commonwealth argues, and we agree, that Appella nt incorrectly frames his argument as a challenge to the court’s jurisdiction, when it actually implicates the venue of his prosecution . See Commonwealth’s Brief at 6. In Commonwealth v. Bethea , 828 A.2d 1066 (Pa. 2003), our Supreme Court explained:

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- 4 - Sub ject matter jurisdiction relates to the competency of a court to hear and decide the type of controversy presented. McGinley v. Scott , ... 164 A.2d 424 (Pa. 1960). Jurisdiction is a matter of substantive law. Id. at 428; 42 Pa.C.S. § 931(a) (defining the unlimited original jurisdiction of the courts of common pleas). ... Controversies arising out of violations of the Crimes Code are entrusted to the original jurisdiction of the courts of common pleas for resolution. See 18 Pa.C.S. § 102. Every jurist with in that tier of the unified judicial system is competent to hear and decide a matter arising out of the Crimes Code. Pa. Const. Art. 5, § 5 (establishing the jurisdiction of the courts of common pleas within the unified judicial system). Venue relates to the right of a party to have the controversy brought and heard in a particular judicial district. McGinley , 164 A.2d at 427 – 28. Venue is predominately a procedural matter, generally prescribed by rules of this Court. Id. at 429; 42 Pa.C.S. § 931(c). Venue assumes the existence of jurisdiction. 42 Pa.C.S. § 931(b) (referencing rules for change of venue in cases within the jurisdiction of courts of common pleas); Pa.R.Crim.P. 584 (relating to the procedure for a change of venue amongst courts o f common pleas for the trial of criminal actions). Id. at 1074. We also concur with the Commonwealth’s position that Appellant waived his challenge to the venue. As t he Commonwealth explains: While [Appellant] did challenge the trial court’s jurisdiction in a post - trial motion for extraordinary relief and in his [Rule] 1925(b) statement, jurisdiction and venue are distinct; a challenge to one does not encompass a challenge to the other. Common wealth v. Fremd , 860 A.2d 515, 520 - 21 (Pa. Super. 2004) (holding that a challenge to venue was waived when it was only raised in the lower court as a challenge to jurisdiction). Commonwealth’s Brief at 6 - 7. At no point before, during, or after trial did Appellant contend that Philadelphia County was not the appropriate venue for his prosecution. Therefore, this issue is waived. See Pa.R.A.P. 302(a)

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(“Issues not raised in the lower court are waived and can not be raised for the first time on appeal.”). In any event, even if preserved, we would deem meritless Appellant’s challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence to establish that the proper venue for his trial was in Philadelphia County. As the trial cou rt explains:

At trial, S.S. testified that she and [Appellant] met at the Millcreek Tavern located on 52 nd 

### [Street] a nd Wyalusing Avenue in Philadelphia on the night of July 26, 2013. N.T. [,] 6/28/2016[,] at 32 - 34. When C.C. left the bar around midnight, [Appellant] offered to give S.S. a ride home. Id. at 35, 56. [Appellant] and S.S. remained at the bar for about another hour. Id. at 37. They then left the bar together and went to a house S.S. believed was her own home located a block away from the b ar. Id. at 39 - 40. Following the assault, while it was still dark outside, [Appellant] dropped S.S. off on the corner of Wilton Street and Haverford Avenue in Philadelphia. Id. at 44 - 45. From there, she walked to her children ’ s father ’ s house located at the end of the block. Id. At trial, counsel stipulated that [Appellant’s] residence was located in Philadelphia. N.T. [,] 6/29/2016 [,] at 11. Immediately before sentencing, in response to [Appellant’s]’ s motion for extraordinary relief, the Commonwealth stated the following: Well, without the benefit of the notes of testimony in this case, I ’ m just relying on my own recollection and read[ing] the complainant’s statement. But the bar was [located] at [52 nd 

### Street ] and Wyalusing [Avenue ,] and that ’ s where they were together in Philadelphia. [ Appellant’s] home was at 5026 Westminster [Street] , which is a couple blocks away. So [,] the jury could conclude that it happened at [Appellant’s] home and then he drove her again a few blocks away t o ... 324 North Wilton Street in Philadelphia. Your Honor, those are all within ... point three miles of one another. The city lines are, the closest one I think is City Ave [nue] , which is over three miles away. N.T. [,] 11/23/2016 [,] at 4 - 5.

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- 6 - Although the Com monwealth did not provide direct proof that the assault took place in the city and county of Philadelphia, the events immediately before and after the ass ault occurred in Philadelphia. Therefore, there was sufficient circumstantial evidence to establish venue in Philadelphia County. Accordingly, [Appellant’s] first claim merits no relief. Trial Court Amended Opinion, 11/27/19, at 2 - 3. For the reasons set forth by the trial court, we would agree that Appellant’s first issue is meritless, even had he pre served it for our review. In evaluating Appellant’s remaining two issues , we reviewed the certified record, the briefs of the parties, and the applicable law. Additionally, we considered the October 17, 2019 opinion of the Honorable Donna M. Woelpper of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County. We conclude that Judge Woelpper’s well - reasoned decision accurately disposes of Appellant’s second and third claims . See TCO at 5 - 8. Accordingly, we adopt that portion of Judge Woelpper’s opinion as our own , and affirm Appellant’s judgment of sentence for the reasons set forth therein. Judgment of sentence affirmed. Judgment Entered. Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary
Date: 6/26/20

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### I. P R O C E D U RA L & F A C TU A L B A C K G R O UN D O n Jun e 3 0 , 2 0 1 6 , a

j ury c o nv i c t e d A nth o ny W ill i ams ( " D e fe n d an t " ) o f s e xu a l a s s au l t ' an d i n d e ce nt as s au lt o fan un c o n s c i o u s p e r s o n . 2 Th e j ury a c qu i tt e d D e fe n d ant o fr a p e . 3 D e fe n d an t a

p p e a l s fr o m h i s j u d g m e n t o f s e nte n c e . O n Ju l y 2 6 , 2 0 13 , th e c o mp l a i n ant , S . S . , 

### an d h e r f ri e n d , C. C . , w e nt t o th e M ill c r e e k T av e rn l oc at e d o n 5 2 nd an d Wy al u s i n g A v e nu e i n P hi l a d e l p h i a t o c e l e b rat e S . S . ' s 

### b i rth d ay . F r o m ar o un d 

### 10 : 0 0 . p . m . unt il mi dni g h t , S . S . an d C . C . sat at th e b ar dri nk i n g an d t a l ki n g . S . S . c o n s um e d a

p p r o xim ate l y fi v e d o ub l e s h o ts o f 

### t e qu i l a A t s o m e p o i n t , S . S . n o ti c e d D e fe n d ant, a fr i e n d o fh e r c hi l dr e n ' s fath e r , i n th e b ar . D e fe n d an t a p p ro a c h e d S . S . , an d th e y b e g an t al ki n g . C . C . l e ft th e b ar ar o un d mi dni gh t. D e fe n d an t b o ug h t S . S . an o th e r te qu il a dr ink , an d th e y re m a i n e d at th e b ar to g e th e r fo r ab o ut an o th e r h o ur . N o t e s o f T e s t im o ny ( " N . T . ' ') , 6 /2 8 /2 0 1 6 at 3 2 - 3 7 , 5 5 - 5 6 .

1 1 8 P a . c . s . § 3 1 2 4 . t. 2 1 8 P a . C . S . § 3 1 2 6 ( a ) ( 4 ) . 3 1 8 P a . C . S . § 3 1 2 1 ( a ) ( 3 ) .S . S . a s k e d D e fe n d ant i f th e y c o u l d g o t o an o th e r b ar , b ut h e t o l d h e r s h e wa s drnnk an d. n e ed e d t o g o h o m e . S . S . fe l t " w o o z y " an d " s l e e p y " w h e n s h e l e ft th e b ar . D e fe n d ant p l a c e d h i s arm ar o un d S . S . ' s b a c k , an d th e y g o t i n t o D e fe n d an t ' s c ar . S . S . th e n f e ll a s l e e p . Wh e n S . S . aw o k e , s h e w a s w al ki n g u p a fli g h t o fs t a i rs i n w h at s h e a s s um e d w a s h e r o wn h o m e . T h e y p r o c e e d e d t o th e b a c k r o o m w h e r e D e fe n d ant p u s h e d S . S . o n t o th e b e d fr o m b e hin d . S . S . a g a i n fe ll a s l e e p . 

### A t s o m e 

### p o i nt , s h e 

### fe l t h e r c l o thi n g be i n g r e m o v ed . S . S . th e n 

### fe lt D e fe n d an t o n t o p o f h e r w i th h i s p e n i s i n s i d e o f h e r v a g i n a . S h e w a s un ab l e t o s p eak o r m o v e . 

### I d at 3 7 -4 3 . Whi l e i t w as sti ll d ark o uts i d e , S . S . g o t b a c k i nt o th e c ar w i th D e fe n d an t an d t o l d h i m t o dro p h e r o ff at h e r c h il dr e n ' s fath e r ' s h o u s e . Wh e n s h e arr i v e d at th e h o u se , s h e b e g an c r y i n g an d to l d h e r c h il dr e n ' s fath e r th at s h e h a d b ee n r a p e d . S . S . th e n w e nt t o s l e e p an d w o k e u p ar o un d l 0 : 4 5 a. m . I t w a s at thi s po i n t th at s h e d i s cl o s e d w h o h ad a s s aul t e d h e r . S . S . a l s o n o ti c e d that h er un d e rw e ar w a s t u c k e d i n s i d e o fh e r b r a , an d th at s h e w as w e ar i n g h e r t i gh ts i n s i d e o ut. L at e r i n th e aft e rn o o n o n Ju l y 2 7 , 2 0 1 3 , S . S . p ro v i d e d a s tat e m e n t t o po l i c e . 

### I d
. at 4 3 --4 7 , 6 3 . A ft e r th e j ur

y re n d e r e d th e i r v e r d i c t, th i s C o urt d e f err e d s e nte n c in g fo r co mp l e t i o n o fa p res e nte n c e i nv e s t i g at i o n an d a Se xu a l O ff e n d e r s A ss e s sm e nt B o ar d ( " S O AB " ) ev al u at i o n . " O n N o v e mb e r 2 2 , 2 0 1 6 , D e fe n d ant fil e d a m o t i o n fo r e x tr a o r d i n ar y re li e f , s e e k in g a j u d g m e nt o f a cqu i tt al d

u e to th e C o mm o nw e al th ' s f ai l ur e t o e s tab li s h

j uri sd i c t i o n . O n N o v e mb e r 2 3 , 2 0 1 6 , imm e d i at e l y be fo r e s e nt e n c i n g D e fe nd ant , th i s C o urt d e n i ed th e m o t i o n fo r e x tra o r d i n ary r el i e f. D e fe n d an t w as th e n s e n t e n ce d t o a t e rm o f fo ur t o e i g h t y e ar s o f i n c ar c e rat io n , fo ll o w ed b y tw o y e ar s o f st at e s u

p e rv i s e d s e x o ff

e n d e r p r o b at i o n . O n D e c e mbe r 9 , 2 0 1 6 , D e fe n d an t fil e d a m o t i o n t o r eco ns i d e r th e d e ni a l o f hi s m o ti o n fo r e x tra o r d i n ary r e li e f Th i s C o urt d e n i e d D e fe n d an t ' s m o t i o n t o r e c o n s i d e r a s unti m e l y o n F e b r u ary 2 8 , 2 0 1 7 . N o d i r e c t a p p ea l w a s fi l e d .

4 Th e S O A B d e t e rm i n ed that D e fe n d an t w a s n o t a s e xua ll y v i o l e nt p r e d at o r . 2

### O n M ay 10 , 2 0 1 7 , D e fe n d ant 

### fil ed a t i m e l y 

### p ro s e p e t i t i o n p ur s u ant t o th e P o s t C o nv i c ti o n R e li e f

A c t (" P C RA " ) . C o urt a

p p o i nt e d c o un s e l , L aw r e n c e J . O ' C o nn o r , Jr . E s q . , e nt e r ed hi s a

p p e ar an c e , an d o n S e p t e mbe r 2 7 , 2 0 1 7 , fi l e d an am e n d ed p e t i t i o n . T h e C o mm o nw e a l th fil e d a r e s p o n s e o n F e b ru ar y 2 2 , 2 0 1 8 , fo ll o w e d b y 

### a s u p p l e m e nta l m o t i o n t o d i sm i s s o n Jul y 1 6 , 2 0 1 8 . O n S ep t e mbe r 2 5 , 2 0 1 8 , thi s C o urt fil e d a R u l e 9 0 7 no ti c e o fi t s i nt e n t t o d i s m i s s D e fe n d ant ' s p e t i t i o n. O n O c t o b e r 2 6 , 2 0 1 8 , D e fe n d ant fi l e d a p ro s e m o ti o n fo r an e x t e n s i o n o f t im e t o r e s p o n d to 

### th e 9 0 7 n o t i c e . O n J anu ary 2 3 , 2 0 1 9 , co urt a p p o i nt e d co un s e l fi l e d a m o t i o n fo r l e av e t o fil e an a p p e a l n u n c 

### p ro t u n e . C o unse l a l s o fi l ed an am e n d e d P C RA p e ti t i o n o n Janu ary 2 5 , 2 0 1 9 . T h e C o mm o nw e a lth fi l e d i t s r e s p o n s e o n Ap r il 1 7 , 2 0 1 9 , a g r ee i n g t o th e r e i ns t ate m e nt o f D e fe n d ant ' s d i r ec t a

p p e ll at e ri gh t s . O n Ap ri l 2 4 , 2 0 1 9 , thi s C o urt o r d ere d D e fe n d an t' s a p p e ll at e r i g ht s re i n s t at ed n u n c

p ro tu n e an d di s mi ss e d th e r e m a in i n g cl ai m s r ai s e d i n h i s P C RA w i th o ut p r e j u d i c e . D e fe n d ant fi l e d a t im e l y n o t i c e o fa p p e a l to 

### th e S u

pe r i o r C o urt o n M ay 1 7 , 2 0 1 9 . O n M ay 2 1 , 2 0 1 9 , th i s C o urt o r d e r e d D e fe n d ant t o fil e a c o n c i s e s t at e m e nt o fe rro r s c o mp l ain e d o f o n a p pe al p ur s u ant t o P a . R. A. P . 1 9 2 5 ( b ) w i th in tw e nty - o n e d ay s . D e fe n d ant fil e d hi s R u l e l 9 2 5 (b ) s tat e m e nt o n Jun e 1 1 , 2 0 1 9 . II . D I S C U S S I O N A
. T r i a l C o u r t J u r is d i c t i o n I n h i s fi r st i s s u e , D e f

e n d ant c l a i m s th at th e C o mm o nw e a l th fa il e d t o p r es e nt e vi d e n c e o f w h e r e th e o ff

en s e o c c urre d t o es t ab l i s h j uri sdi c t i o n . " T h e l aw i s cl e ar th at th e l o c u s o f a c ri m e i s a l w ay s i n i s s u e , fo r th e c o urt h a s n o j ur i s d i c ti o n [ o v e r ] th e o ff e n s e unl e s s i t o cc ur

re d w i th i n th e c o un ty o f tri a l , o r unl e s s, b y 

### s o m e s t at ut e , i t n e ed n o t ] . ] " C

o m m o n w e a l t

h v . B o y le, 5 3 2 A. 2 d 3 0 6 , 3 0 9 ( P a . 1 9 8 7 ) ( c i tati o n an d 3i nt e rn al qu o tat i o n m ark s o mi tt e d ) . A l th o u g h th e " C o mm o nw e al th b e ar s th e b ur d e n o f p ro v i n g fa c t s s u ffi c i e nt t o e s ta

b li s h j ur i s d ic ti o n , i t m ay r e l y u p o n c i r c um s t ant i a l e vi d e n c e t o m e e t i t s b ur d e n . " 

### C

o m m o n w e a l t

h v , 

### B ra d fi e l d , 5 0 8 A . 2 d 5 6 8 , 5 71 ( P a . S u p e r . 1 9 8 6 ) ( c i t ati o n o m i tt e d ) . A t tr i a l , S . S . t es ti fi e d th at s h e an d D e f e n d an t m et at th e M ill c re e k T av e rn l o c at e d o n 5 2 n d An d Wy a l u s i n g A v e nu e i n P h il a d e l p h i a o n th e n i g h t o f Jul y 2 6 , 2 0 1 3 . N . T . 6 / 2 8 / 2 0 1 6 at 3 2 - 3 4 . 

### Wh e n C . C . l e ft th e b ar ar o un d mi dni g ht , D e fe n dan t o ff e r ed t o 

### g i v e S . S . a r i d e 

### h o m e . I d 

### at 3 5 , 5 6 . D e fe n d an t an d S . S . r e m ai n e d at th e b ar fo r ab o ut an o th e r h o ur . 

### I d. at 3 7 . Th e y th e n l e ft th e b ar t o g e th e r an d w e n t t o a h o u se S . S . b e li e v e d w a s h e r o w n h o m e l o c at e d a b l o c k aw ay fr o m th e b ar . 

### I d at 3 9 -4 0 . F o ll o w i n g th e a s s au l t , w h i l e 

### i t w as s t ill d ark o ut s i d e , D e fe n d ant dr o p p e d S . S . o ff o n th e co m e r o f W ilt o n S tree t an d H av e r fo r d A v e nu e in P h il a d e l p h i a . 

### I d. at 

### 4 4 -4 5 . F ro m th e r e , s h e w a l k e d t o h e r c hi l dr e n ' s fathe r ' s h o us e l o c at e d at th e e n d o f 

### th e b l o c k. 

### I d A t tr i a l , co uns e l s ti p ul at e d th at D e f e n dan t ' s re s i d e n c e w a s l o c at e d i n P h il a d e l p hi a . N . T . 6 /2 9 / 2 0 1 6 at 1 1. I mm e di at e l y b e fo r e s e nt e n c i n g , i n r e s p o ns e t o D e fe n d ant ' s m o t i o n fo r e x tr a o r di n ar y r e li e f , th e C o mm o nw ea l th s t at e d th e fo ll o wi n g :

W e ll , w i th o ut th e be n e fi t o f th e n o t e s o f

t e s ti m o ny i n 

### thi s c a s e , 

### I ' m j u s t r e l y in g o n my o w n r ec o ll ec t i o n an d r ea d [ in g ] th e c o mp l ai nan t ' s s t at e m e nt. B ut th e bar w as [ l o c at e d ] at F i fty - S e c o n d an d Wy a l u s i n g an d 

### that ' s w h e re th e y we r e t o g e th e r i n P h il a d e l p h i a . 

## O [ D j e f e n d an t ' s h o m e w as at 5 0 2 6 W es tm i n s te r , w h i c h i s a co u p l e b l oc k s aw ay . S o th e j ury co u l d c o n cl u d e th at i t ha p pe n ed at [] [D ] e fe n d an t ' s h o m e an d th e n h e dr o v e h e r a g a in a f e w b l o c k s aw ay t o 3 0 2 4 , 3 2 4 N o rth W ilt o n S tr e e t i n P hi l a d e l p hi a . Y o ur H o n o r , th o se ar e al l w i th in - - I G oo g l e [ m ] a p p e d i t - - b ut th e y ' r e a ll w i th i n po i n t thr e e m il e s o f o n e an o th e r . 

### The c ity J in e s ar e , th e cl o s e st o n e I th i nk i s C i ty A v e , w h ic h i s o v e r thr e e m il e s aw ay . N . T . 1 1 /2 3 /2 0 1 6 at 4 - 5 . A l th o u g h th e Co mm o nw e a l th d i d n o t pr o v i d e d ir e ct p ro o f th at th e a s s au l t t o o k p l a c e i n th e c i ty an d co unty o f

P h il a d e l p hi a , th e e v e nt s i mm ed i at e l y be fo r e an d aft e r th e as s aul t o c c urr e d
4i n P hil a d e l p h i a . T h e r e fo r e , th e r e w a s s uf fi c i e nt c i r c um s t ant i a l e v i d e n c e t o e s t ab li s h j ur i s d i c t i o n . A c c o r d i n g l y , D e f

e n d ant ' s fi rs t c l a i m m e r i t s n o r e li e f . 

### B . S u ffi c i e n c y o f t h e E v i d e n c e D e fe n d an t c h a ll e n g e s th e s u f fi c i e n c y o f

th e e v i d e n c e . D e fe n dant al l e g e s th e co mp l a i n an t ' s t e s tim o ny fa i l ed t o e st a b li s h th e e l e m ent s o f s e xu a l a s s au lt b e caus e s h e " d i d n o t s tat e w i th 

### any d e gr e e o f ce rt a i nty th at s e xu a l i n t e r co ur s e 

### a c t ua ll y o c c ur

r e d b e tw e e n h e r an d [] [ D l e f e n d an t , " S t ate m e nt o f

E rr o rs . f[ 2 . D e fe n d an t a l so cl a i m s th e c o mp la i n ant ' s t e s t i m o ny fa il e d t o e s t ab l i s h th at " s h e w as un co n s c i o us o r th at [ D ] e fe n d an t w a s aw ar e s h e w as un c o n s ci o u s at th e t i m e o fany al l e g e d c o nta c t b e tw e e n h e r an d [ D ] e fe n d ant , a s r e quir e d un d e r s ec t i o n 3 1 2 6 . " 

### I d O n s uffi c i e n c y r e v i e w , a ll e v i d e n ce i s v i e w e d i n th e li g h t m o s t fav o r ab l e t o th e v e r d i c t winn e r t o d e t e rm i n e w h e th e r " th e r e i s s u ffi c i e n t e v i d e n c e t o e n ab l e th e fa c t - fi n d e r t o fin d e v e ry e l e m e n t o fth e c r i m e b e y o n d a r e a s o n ab l e d o ub t. " 

### C o m m o n w e a l t

h v . A n tido rm i

, 8 4 A. 3 d 7 3 6 , 7 5 6 ( P a . S u

p e r . 2 0 1 4 ) , 

### a

p p e a l d e n i e d , 9 5 A .3 d 2 7 5 (P a . 2 0 1 4 ) ( c it at i o n o m i tt e d ) . T h e C o mm o nw e a l th m ay m e e t i t s b ur d e n " b y m e an s o f wh o ll y ci rc um s tanti al e vi d e n c e . " 

### I d F i n a ll y , th e r e v i ew i n g c o urt " m ay n o t w e i g h th e e v i d e n c e an d s ub s ti tut e 

### [ i ts ] j u d g m e n t fo r th e f a c t fi n d er . " 

### I d.

" T h e un c o rro b o r at e d t es ti m o ny o f a s e xu a l a ss aul t v i c t i m , i f be l i e v e d b y th e tr i e r o ffa c t , i s s u ffi c i e n t t o c o nv i c t a d e fe n d ant. " 

### C o m m o n w e a l t

h v . M c D o n o ug h , 9 6 A. 3 d 10 6 7 , 10 6 9 ( P a . S u p e r . 2 0 1 4 ) ( c i tat i o n o m i tt e d ) . F urth e r , 

### " it i s fo r th e fa ct - fi n d e r t o mak e c r e d i b i li ty d e t e rm i nati o n s , an d th e fi n d e r o f fa c t m ay b e l i e v e a ll , p art , o r n o n e o f a w i tn e s s ' s te s t i m o ny . " 

### C o m m o n w e a l t

h v . L e e, 9 5 6 A .2 d 10 2 4 , 10 2 9 ( P a . S u p e r . 2 0 0 8 ) .

5" S e xu al a s s au lt " i s d e fi n ed a s : " E x c e p t a s p r o v i d e d i n s e c t i o n 

### 3 1 2 1 ( r e l atin g t o r a p e ) o r 

### 3 1 2 3 ( re l ati n g t o inv o l untary d e v i at e s e xu a l i nt e r c o ur se ) , a p e r s o n c o mmi ts a fe l o ny o f th e s e c o n d d e gr e e w h e n th at p e r s o n e n g a g e s i n s e xu a l i n te r c o urs e 

### o r d e v i at e s e xu a l i nt e r c o ur s e 

### w i th a c o mp l a i n ant wi th o ut th e c o mp l a i n ant ' s co n s e nt. " 1 8 P a . C . S . 

### § 3 1 2 4 . 1 . 

### " A p e r s o n i s g u i lty o f i n d e c e n t a s s au l t 

### if th e p e rs o n h a s i n d e c e n t co n t a c t w i th 

### th e 

### c o mp l ai n ant , c au s e s th e c o mp l a i n ant t o h av e i n d e c e nt c o nta c t w i th th e p e r s o n o r i nt e nti o n a ll y c au s e s th e c o mp l a i n an t t o c o m e i nto c o nt a c t w i th s e mi n al fl ui d , ur in e o r fe ce s fo r th e p ur p o s e o f ar o u s in g s e xu a l d e s i r e i n th e p e r s o n o r th e c o mp l ai n an t an d : . . . ( 4 ) th e c o mp l a i n an t i s un co n s c i o u s o r th e p e rs o n kno w s th at th e c o mp l ai nan t i s un aw ar e th at th e i n d e c e n t c o nt a c t i s o c c urri n g l . ] " 1 8 P a . C . S . 

### § 3 1 2 6 ( a ) ( 4 ) . I n th e i n s tan t c a s e , S . S . t e s t i fi e d th at a ft e r l e a d i n g h er t o th e b a c k b e dr o o m , D e fe n d an t p u s h e d h e r o n t o th e b e d , at w h i c h p o i n t s h e w en t t o s l ee p . Whi l e p art i a ll y aw ak e , S . S . b e g an t o f e e l h e r cl o thi n g b e in g r e m o v ed . S h e w a s un ab l e t o m o v e or s p e ak. M o r e o v e r , s h e d e s c r i be d h e r

' ' e y e s [ as ] h e av y " an d f ee li n g " t ir e d . " A ft e r h e r un d e rw e ar an d ti gh t s w e r e ful l y r e m o v ed , S . S . 

### fe ll b a c k t o s l ee p . S h e n e x t r e ca ll ed D e fe n d an t o n t o p o f h e r fr o m b e hi n d , w i th hi s p e ni s i n s i d e o f h e r v a g ina . Th o u g h S . S . w a s s ti ll un ab l e t o m o v e o r s ay anyth i n g , s h e t e s ti fi e d that s h e h a d n o t g i v e n D e f

en d ant p e rm i s s i o n t o e n g a g e 

### i n s e xua l i n t e r c o urs e w i th h e r . 

### S . S . h a d n e i th e r a r e co ll ect i o n o f

th e a s sau lt e n di n g n o r an i d e a 

### o f h o w l o n g i t h a d l a s t e d . In s t ea d , s h e r e m e mb e r e d D e fe n d an t h e l pi n g h e r i n t o th e c ar an d di r e c t i n g h i m t o dri v e 

### h e r t o h e r c hi l dre n ' s fath e r ' s h o u s e . 

### N . T . 6 / 2 8 /2 0 1 6 at 4 0-4 3 . Co ntr ar y t o D e fe n d an t ' s c l aim , S . S . d i d n o t e xp r e s s any un c e rt a i n ty a b o ut w h e th e r s e xu a l i nt e r c o ur s e o c c urr ed b e tw ee n h e r an d D e fe n dant. S h e fi r s t s t at e d th at " [D e fe n d an t ] w a s i n s i d e [ h e r ] " an d th e n cl ar i fi ed 

### b y e xp l a i ni n g , " h i s p en i s w a s i n [ h e r ] v a g in a . " 

### I d
. at 4 2 . D e fe n d an t ' s 6c h a ll e n g e t o th e v i c t i m ' s un c o n s c i o u s s t at e i s s i m i l arl y w i th o ut m e r i t. T h o u g h S . S . w as 

### p art i a l l y

aw ak e at s o m e po i n t d

ur i n g th e i n c i d e nt , s h e w a s 

### fu ll y a s l e e p a ft e r b e i n g p u s h e d o n t o th e b e d , w a s una b l e t o m o v e o r c o mmun i c at e , an d l a c k e d c o mp l e te aw ar e n e s s o f th e d ur at i o n o f

th e a s sau l t. Th i s e v i d e nc e w a s s u ffi c i e n t t o s u p p o rt th e fi n d i n g th at S . S . w a s un c o n s ci o us . 

### S e e C o m m o n w e a l t

h v . D i az , 1 5 2 A. 3 d 1 0 4 0 , 1 0 4 5 ( P a . S u p e r . 2 0 1 6 ) ( " B e c au s e th e r e w a s amp l e e v i d e n ce fr o m w h i c h th e 

### j ury c o ul d p r o p e rl y fi n d th at th e v i c t i m , d ur i n g at l e a s t p o rt i o n s o f th e a s s au l t , l a c k e d kn o w l e d g e o r aw ar e n e s s o f b o th h e r o wn se n s ati o n s an d e x t e rn a l e v e n t s , an d w a s n o t i n the n o rm a l w ak i n g s t at e , th e e v i d e n ce w as s u ffi c i e n t t o s u p p o rt th e fi n d i n g th at s h e w a s un c o ns c i o us w i th i n th e m e an i n g o f th e s t at ute . " ) . Th e r e fo r e , D e fe n d an t ' s s uf fi c i e n c y o f

th e e v i d e n c e cl ai m i s wi th o ut m e ri t.



### C. L e ga li ty o f S e n te n c e De fe n d ant c h al l en g es th e l e g al i ty o f h i s se n t e n ce bas e d o n 

### C o m m o n w e a l t

h v . M u n i z , 1 6 4 A. 3 d 1 1 8 9 ( P a . 2 0 1 7 ) ( h o l d i ng th at S O RN A ' s r e gi s trati o n r e qu i r e m e nt s ar e p un i ti v e , an d th e r e fo r e , a

p p li c at i o n o f S O RN A re tr o a c t i v e l y v i o l at e s the 

### e x p o s t f a c to cl au s e s o f th e f

ed e r a l an d s tat e co n s t i tut i o n s ) . D e fe n dant c l a i m s th at h i s li fe ti m e r e g i s tr at i o n r equ ir e m e nt e x c ee ds th e s tatuto r y m ax i mum s e nte n ce s ap p li c a b l e t o h i s c o nv i c t i o ns . S e c t i o n 1 1 0 3 o fth e C ri m e s C o d e s e t s fo rth th e m ax imum s t atut o ry s e nt e n c e o f i mp r i s o nm e n t fo r fe l o ny co nvi c t i o n s . 

### S e e 1 8 P a . C . S . 

### § 1 1 0 3 . T h e S u p e ri o r C o urt h as e xp la i n e d th e r e l at i o n s hi p be tw e e n th e p e ri o d o f r e g i s tr at i o n an d th e l e n gth o f i n c ar ce r at i o n as fo ll o w s : S O RN A ' s r e g i s tr ati o n p ro v i s i o n s are n o t co n s tr a i n e d b y [ 1 8 P a . C . S . 

### § l 11 0 3 . Rath e r , S O RN A ' s r e g i s trat i o n re qu i r e m e nt s ar e an auth o ri z e d p un it i v e m e a s ure s e p arat e an d a p art fr o m [ th e ] [ a Jp p e ll an t ' s t e rm o fi n car c e r at i o n . T h e l e g i s l a t ur e d i d n o t l imi t th e auth o ri ty o f a c o urt t o i mp o s e r e g i s tr at i o n r equ ir e m e nt s o nl y 

### wi thin th e m ax imum a ll o w a

b l e t e rm o fi n c ar c e r ati o n ; i n fa c t , th e l e g i s l atur e m an d ate d th e o p p o s i t e an d r e qu i r e d co urt s to imp o s e r e g i str ati o n 7

### r equ i r e m e nt s m e x c e s s o f th e m ax i mum a ll o w a b l e t e rm o f i n c ar c er ati o n . C o m m o n w e a lt

h v. S traff o rd , 1 9 4 A . 3 d 1 6 8 , 1 7 3 ( P a . S u p e r . 2 0 1 8 ) . A c c o r d i n g l y , D e fe n d ant ' s li fe t i m e r e gi s tr ati o n r e qu ir e m e nt d o e s n o t c o n s t i t ut e an i ll e g a l s e nt e n c e . T h e r e fo r e , D e fe n d ant i s n o t e nt i tl e d t o r e li e f . 

### D . SO RN A a n d 

### D u e Pro c es s D e fe n d ant al l e g e s S O RN A ' s r e g i s tr ati o n r e qu i re m e nt s v i o l at e h i s r i g h t t o d u e p ro c e s s un d e r th e C o n s t it

uti o n o fth e C o mm o nw e al th o f P e nn s y l v an i a . D e fe n d an t ar gu e s , " S O RN A d o e s n o t p r o v i d e [h i m ] th e o p po rt un i ty t o p ro v e th at h e i s n o t hi g hl y li k e l y t o r e p e at th e o ff e n s e o r s i mi l ar b e h av i o r s , an d th at i s s ue w as n e v e r e s tab li s h e d d ur i n g th e tr i a l . " S tat e m e nt o fEr ro rs , 'I[ 

### 4 . 

### In e ff e c t , " S O RN A r e g i s tr at i o n d e n i e s [ D e fe n d ant ] hi s r i gh t t o r e p ut at i o n thr o u g h th e p r e s wnp ti o n th at h e i s d an g e ro u s an d p r e s e nt s a hi g h ri s k [ o f] r e p e at [ in g ] s e xu a ll y c ri min a l b e h av i o r . " I

d T h e S u peri o r C o urt m ay n o t " d e c i d e th e ca s e o n c o n s t i tut i o n a l g ro un d s un l e s s d e fe n d ant ha d fir s t r a i s e d [ th e co n st i t ut i o n a l c h al l e n g e ] 

### in th e tr i a l c o urt . " C o m m o n w e a l t

h v . D u nc a n , 4 2 1 A 2 d 2 5 7 , 2 5 9 n . 3 ( P a . S u p e r . 1 9 8 0 ) . D e fe n d an t fa i l e d t o ra i s e th e i s s u e o f S O RN A ' s c o n sti tuti o n a li ty b e fo re th i s C o urt . A c c o r d in gl y , De fe n d ant ' s co n s t i t ut i o n a l cl ai m i s w a i v e d . III . C O N C L U S I O N F o r a ll o f

th e r ea s o n s h e r e i n , D e fe n d ant ' s j u d g m e nt o f s e nt e n c e s h o ul d b e af fi rm e d .


### B Y T H E C O UR T :



### 8IN T HE C O U R T O F C O M M O N P L E A S F I R S T JUD I C I A L D I S T RI C T O F P ENN S Y L V A N I A C RI M IN AL T IUAL D I V I S I O N C O MM O N W E A L T H O F P ENN S YL V ANI A 

### v . A NT H O N Y G . W I L LI A M S C P - 5 1 - C R - 0 0 13 6 5 8 - 2 0 1 3

S U P E RI O R C O U R T 

### 1 5 1 5 E D A 

### 2 0 1 9 P R O O F O F S E R

VI C E I 

### h e r e b y c e rt ify th at I 

### am thi s 1 7 th 

### d ay o f 

### O c to b e r , 2 0 1 9 , se r v i n g 

### th e fo r e g o in g Op i n i o n o n th e p e r s o n s i n d i c at e d be l o w : 

### B y F i r s t Clas s M

a i l 

### L awr e n c e J . 

### O ' C o nn o r , Jr. , E s q . 2 3 0 1 C h e rry S tr e e t # 6 A P hi l a d e l p h i a , P A 1 9 1 0 3 

### B y I n te ro ffi c e M a i l L awr e n c e G o o d e , S u

p e rv i s o r , Ap p e a l s U ni t D i s tri c t A tt o rn e y ' s O ffi c e Thr e e S o uth P e nn S qu ar e P h i l a d e l p hi a , P A 1 9 10 7

C. Qu i n � d L aw C l e rk t o th e H o n o r ab l e D o nn a M . W o e l p p e r

9