Fourth Edition

USAID Project Profiles:

Children Affected by HIV/AIDS

January 2005
Production of this document has been coordinated and facilitated by the

Population, Health and Nutrition Information (PHNI) Project.The PHNI Project

is funded by USAID under contract no. HRN-C-00-00-00004-00, and is managed

by Jorge Scientific Corportation with Futures Group and John Snow, Inc.

Cover:

left photo: N. McKee/IDRC

middle photo: © Lutheran World Relief, Courtesy of Photoshare 

right photo: UNICEF/HQ97-0083/Jeremy Horner
Fourth Edition

USAID Project Profiles:

Children Affected by HIV/AIDS

January 2005

Table of Contents

Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

 Burkina Faso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

 Ethiopia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

 Ghana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

 Kenya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

 Malawi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

 Mozambique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

 Namibia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

 Nigeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

 Rwanda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

 South Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

 Tanzania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

 Uganda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

 Zambia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

 Zimbabwe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

 Africa Regional. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Education Activites in Sub-Saharan Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147

Asia and the Near East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .157

 Cambodia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158

 India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174

Europe and Eurasia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

 Russia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210

Latin America and the Caribbean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

 Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214

 Dominican Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .217

 Haiti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221

Global . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

Appendix: Previously Funded Projects for Children Affected by HIV/AIDS . . . 247

Index: Project Profiles by Country and Primary Implementing Organization . 257

5

Acronyms

ACDI Agricultural Cooperative Development International

AED Academy for Educational Development

ARCH Applied Research in Child Health

ART Antiretroviral therapy

CBO Community-based organization

CEDPA Centre for Development and Population Activities

CHV Community health volunteer

CORE Communities Organized in Response to HIV/AIDS Epidemic

CRHCS Commonwealth Regional Health Community Secretariat

CRS Catholic Relief Services

CSW Commercial sex worker

DEMMIS District Education Management and Monitoring Information System

DfID Department for International Development (U.K.)

DOE Department of Education

EDC Educational Development Center

EDDI Education for Development and Democracy Initiative

EMIS Education management information system

FANTA Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance

FBO Faith-based organization

FHI Family Health International

FY Fiscal year

HBC Home-based care

HBCU Historically Black Colleges and Universities

HEARD Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division (University of Natal)

IATT Inter-Agency Task Team 

ICROSS International Community for the Relief of Starvation and Suffering 

IEC Information, education, and communication

IMPACT Implementing AIDS Prevention and Care 

INH Isoniazid

IRI Interactive radio instruction

JSI John Snow, Inc.
6

LIFE Leadership and Investment in Fighting an Epidemic 

MAP Multi-Country HIV/AIDS Program for Africa (World Bank)

MCDI Medical Care Development International

MOE Minstry of Education

MOEYS Ministry of Education and Youth Services (Ghana)

MOH Ministry of Health

MTCT Mother-to-child transmission (HIV)

MTT Mobile task team

NGO Nongovernmental organization

OPA Older people association

PCI Project Concern International

PMTCT Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (HIV)

PTA Parent-teacher association

PVO Private voluntary organization

RCQHC Regional Centre for Quality of Health Care

REACH Rapid and Effective Action Against HIV/AIDS

REPSSI Regional Psychosocial Support Initiative

RTI Research Triangle Institute

SADC Southern Africa Development Community

SIDA AIDS

STI Sexually transmitted infection

TA Technical assistance

TASO The AIDS Support Organisation (Uganda)

UNAIDS Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS

UNESCO United Nations Scientific, Educational and Cultural Organization

UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund

USAID United States Agency for International Development

VCT Voluntary counseling and testing

VOCA Volunteers in Overseas Cooperative Assistance

WFP World Food Program

YMCA Young Men’s Christian Association

YWCA Young Women’s Christian Association
Introduction

No generation is spared the catastrophic consequences of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. From

newborn babies of HIV-positive mothers to

elderly caregivers, the disease does not discriminate. One of the most tragic consequences is the toll on children. In 2003, more

than 15 million children under age 18 had lost

one or both parents to AIDS. Along with grief

and abandonment, children in affected families face the added burdens of responsibilities

far beyond their capabilities – nursing a sick or

dying parent, raising younger siblings, running

the household or family farm, replacing a

breadwinner, or struggling for survival on city

streets. An estimated 5 percent of children

affected by HIV/AIDS worldwide have no support and are living on the streets or in residential institutions. Globally, approximately 2.1 million children under age 15 have HIV/AIDS.

But the pandemic’s consequences go far

beyond its effects on individual children’s lives.

It has devastated these children’s families and

the communities where they live. Millions of

mothers and fathers who would otherwise be

raising their children and playing key roles in

their families and communities have died, and

the surviving adults, as well as social institutions

and community organizations, face overwhelming difficulties as they attempt to nurture, socialize, educate, and support so many

children. Beyond the devastating impacts on

emotional, economic, and social well-being,

in a number of countries HIV/AIDS has also

unraveled the substantial gains made in child

health and survival in recent decades.

In response, activities supported by the U.S.

Agency for International Development (USAID)

have expanded in their number and range of

services. With greater frequency, projects are

addressing the complex and interconnected

needs of children affected by HIV/AIDS.

Services to children often include psychosocial support, educational support, HIV prevention activities, income-generation activities,

and health care. Reinforcing this multisector

approach is the increased support to older

persons who must shoulder the burden of raising, often alone, their grandchildren and

great-grandchildren. 

This fourth edition of USAID Project Profiles:

Children Affected by HIV/AIDS presents profiles of 114 projects (90 country-specific, 12

regional, and 12 global) funded by USAID. The

diversity of these projects demonstrates the

determination of the U.S. government – and

specifically USAID – to meet the wide variety

of needs of children and adolescents affected by HIV/AIDS. Documenting their activities is

designed to promote an exchange of ideas

and information, leverage technical and

financial resources, and encourage partnerships, collaboration, and coordination among

programs supported by USAID, other U.S.

agencies, new partners, and other donors. 

This report contains information provided by

the projects in the spring and summer of 2004.

It does not, however, reflect the full extent of

U.S. government support at the end of 2004

for orphans and vulnerable children. During

the summer and fall of 2004, President Bush’s

Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief awarded 11

additional grants for support for orphans

and vulnerable children to the following

organizations:

 Africare – Washington, D.C.

 Association of Volunteers in International

Service – New York

 Christian Aid – London

 Christian Children’s Fund – Richmond,

Virginia

Children Affectedby HIV/AIDS

7
 Family Health International – Durham, North

Carolina

 HOPE Worldwide – Wayne, Pennsylvania

 Plan International – Warwick, Rhode Island

 Project Concern – San Diego

 Project Hope – Millwood, Virginia

 Salvation Army World Services – Alexandria,

Virginia

 World Concern – Seattle

These projects are not included in this report,

but this expanded programming under the

President’s Emergency Plan is further evidence

of the United States’ increased commitment

to support for orphans and vulnerable children. Future editions of this report will detail

the added support provided by the

Emergency Plan and the collaboration it is

building among all U.S. agencies who work in

the area of care and support for orphans and

vulnerable children affected by AIDS. They will

thus provide a more in-depth picture of the

Emergency Plan’s expanded investments in

orphans and vulnerable children and the work

of the U.S. government in mitigating the

impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic.

The profiles presented here have a common

format that provides the names of implementing organizations, USAID funding periods and

amounts, project objectives, strategies, key

accomplishments, priority activities for the

year ahead, and materials and tools available

to other projects that can help meet the

needs of children and youth affected by

HIV/AIDS. The report also includes a section on

USAID projects that support access to education in Africa, including projects that provide

support to ministries of education. The final

section describes previously funded projects

that illustrate USAID’s historic commitment to

meeting the needs of children and youth

affected by HIV/AIDS.

In updating the three previous editions of

Project Profiles (October 2001, July 2002,

8

Children AffectedbyHIV/AIDS

Funding Allocations Under President Bush’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief

President Bush’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief initiates new leadership for U.S. agencies

working in HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and care services. The U.S. Global AIDS

Coordinator, Ambassador Randall L. Tobias, directs the Emergency Plan and oversees all

responsible departments and agencies of the federal government. USAID is responsible for

administering funds and providing technical oversight for orphans and vulnerable children

programming as part of the Emergency Plan’s care component. 

Under the Emergency Plan, programming for orphans and vulnerable children will receive

10 percent of the total funding approved by the U.S. Congress. Funding levels for the

Emergency Plan’s 15 focus countries will be allocated on the basis of approved country

operation plans submitted by U.S. Embassies. Most of the Emergency Plan funds for orphans

and vulnerable children will be disbursed through USAID field missions. Funding from

USAID/Washington and field missions is occurring in intervals referred to as “tracks” numbered 1, 1.5, 2, etc., during the initial phases of the Emergency Plan. Some of the projects

that have received these initial funds are represented in this report. For more information on

the Emergency Plan, go to http://www.state.gov/s/gac/.
and September 2003), this edition also

acknowledges the work tirelessly taken up

every day by the people who make the projects possible.

USAID’s Commitment to Children Affected

by HIV/AIDS

In 2003, President George W. Bush brought

new leadership to the challenges of HIV/AIDS

with the launch of the President’s Emergency

Plan for AIDS Relief. The President’s Emergency

Plan signified a dramatic increase in support

for orphans and vulnerable children, and in

2004 USAID received additional Emergency

Plan funds intended for care activities that

benefit children affected by HIV/AIDS. These

new funds strengthen USAID’s historical commitment to preserving families and expanding

community responses. Since the first projects

began in the early 1990s with the Displaced

Children and Orphans Fund (DCOF), there has

been an enormous expansion of support for

children affected by HIV/AIDS. USAID now supports 102 projects in 27 countries and 12 projects working on a global level. 

In addition to the Emergency Plan, the

projects profiled in this report receive support

from a variety of USAID funding sources,

including the Child Survival and Health

Programs Fund, Title II Food for Peace, basic

education funds, DCOF, and the FREEDOM

Support Act. Many of the projects also receive

funding from other donors, further extending

the reach and effectiveness of USAID support.

Activities to provide care and support for

HIV/AIDS-affected children and families are

often integrated into larger projects in other

sectors with objectives addressing the needs

of all children. (Such projects are denoted in

this report.) For example, since 1989 USAID has

supported systemic reform of basic education

in several countries, including those most dramatically affected by HIV/AIDS, and every

country in the program has achieved gains in

school enrollment, educational quality, and

efficiency.

Multifaceted Programming Approaches

Each of the 114 projects in this report aims to

improve the lives of orphans and vulnerable

children. How they achieve this varies in both

strategy and scale. The vast majority of projects work with communities to identify opportunities that strengthen existing resources without undermining local ownership. In many

places, communities are already mobilized

and have systems in place to identify, protect,

and provide basic necessities to the most vulnerable children. USAID supports the strengthening and monitoring of these existing activities. In other places, technical assistance

providers facilitate mobilization of action

around the needs of children and families

affected by HIV/AIDS. Reaching into the lives

of children may involve expanding voluntary

counseling and testing and prevention of

mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services

to include the care and support of clients’

children through home-based care.

All projects recognize that HIV/AIDS is more

than a health crisis. All sectors of society –

education, agriculture, business, and others –

are dramatically affected by the pandemic,

and all need to take part in the response.

Nearly half of the USAID-funded projects profiled in this report reflect this need for multifaceted and multisector action by undertaking at

least seven of the following activities: 

 Providing psychosocial support to HIV/AIDSaffected children and families

 Enhancing food security or providing

nutritional supplements for people

affected by HIV

 Strengthening the economic status of

households and communities through

Children AffectedbyHIV/AIDS

9
income-generating activities, skills training,

and microfinance.

 Providing access to health care or direct

health services

 Advocating for increased awareness, policy reform, and stigma reduction

 Conducting HIV/AIDS prevention activities

 Providing educational assistance, such as

payment of school-related expenses, support for community schools, and distance

education programs

 Assisting families and community-based

organizations to address the above mentioned actions and services for children

affected by HIV/AIDS

Three areas receiving increasing attention by

some projects are: 

 Working with governments to formulate

a comprehensive and coordinated

national response to orphans and

vulnerable children

 Building relationships with the private sector

 Focusing attention on securing child

protection and rights

10

Children AffectedbyHIV/AIDS

Providing Integrated Prevention, Care, and Treatment Services

No single intervention can adequately address the dynamic and destructive forces

unleashed on a household affected by HIV/AIDS. The problems of children and families are

complex and interlinked. All too often an ill caregiver receives home-based care while

opportunities to provide prevention messages and psychosocial and economic support to

other household members are missed. Fortunately, more and more programs are expanding to provide mutually reinforcing multisector initiatives for children affected by HIV/AIDS

and their families.

Most of the projects represented in this report provide a combination of at least five types

of services to children and their families (for example, nutrition, income-generating activities, home-based care, education assistance, and HIV prevention). There is increased

recognition that children and youth become vulnerable well before the death of their ill

caregivers, and support is thus starting sooner. The lack of parental support, both emotional

and economical, makes youth particularly susceptible to engaging in risky behaviors. 

There are several ways to achieve more integrated programming. One is to strengthen

relationships between community and social welfare programs and basic services in other

sectors such as health and education. Providing community schooling to orphans and vulnerable children can include messages on HIV prevention, as practiced by the Education

Development Center in Zambia. Programs that support HIV-positive women and their families are being added to HIV/AIDS testing sites that offer PMTCT services. The World Vision

project in Mozambique includes psychosocial support services for members of HIV/AIDSaffected households reached via a combination of integrated strategies including voluntary counseling and testing, PMTCT, and home-based care.
Strategic Framework for Action

Orphans and other children affected by

HIV/AIDS have the same basic needs as other

children, but the pandemic’s impact is eroding family and community capacity to meet

these needs. AIDS is having a negative impact

on their education, nutrition, health, economic

and food security, and emotional well-being.

Increasingly, these children may slip through

weakened family and community safety nets

and end up living on the streets, in child-headed households, or in institutions.

Beyond enduring such hardships, these children may face increased vulnerability to HIV

infection, violence, sexual coercion, and

reduced access to essential services. The

foundation of an effective USAID response

must be to strengthen the capacity of families

and communities to continue to provide care

for vulnerable children and adolescents and

thereby reduce the number of children struggling to survive on their own. Supplemental

assistance and support services, such as provision of health care, food, school fees, etc., will

still be needed because there will always be

some who slip through the primary social safety nets. These supplemental services will, however, be overwhelmed if families and communities are unable to remain the basis of support for children and adolescents in AIDSaffected areas.

In October 2003, an opportunity arose to reinforce USAID’s long-standing strategic

approach to meeting the needs of children

affected by HIV/AIDS. USAID joined a broad

and diverse group of key stakeholders brought

together by the United Nations Childrens Fund

(UNICEF), with support from the Joint United

Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), to

endorse a Framework for the Protection, Care

and Support of Orphans and Vulnerable

Children Living in a World With HIV and AIDS.

This consensus document grew out of the fundamental strategies first introduced in the

1997 USAID report Children on the Brink and

incorporates program guidance based on

principles for programming that appeared in

Children on the Brink 2002. The five strategies

put forward in the Framework call for:

 Strengthening the capacity of families to

protect and care for orphans and vulnerable children

 Mobilizing and supporting communitybased responses

 Ensuring access for orphans and vulnerable

children to essential services

 Ensuring that governments protect the most

vulnerable children

 Raising awareness at all levels of society to

create a supportive environment for children affected by HIV/AIDS

The Framework is based on lessons learned

from around the world over many years. It

considers families and communities the foundation of an effective scaled-up response,

recognizes the front-line role of communitybased organizations, and includes children

and young people as key partners. The

Framework recognizes that targeting only children affected by HIV/AIDS can exacerbate

stigma and discrimination and advocates that

protection, care, and support for orphans and

vulnerable children be integrated with other

programs designed to reduce poverty, promote children’s well-being, and combat

HIV/AIDS. USAID-supported efforts incorporate

some or all of the Framework’s five strategies

and thereby reinforce collaborative action

needed by all groups concerned with the

safety and well-being of orphans and vulnerable children. 

Children AffectedbyHIV/AIDS

11
1. Strengthening and supporting the capacity

of families to protect and care for orphans

and vulnerable children

The vast majority of children in HIV/AIDSaffected areas continue to live with surviving

parents or their extended families. When

HIV/AIDS affects a household, family relationships provide the most immediate source of

support, and strengthening the capacity of

families to care for orphans and vulnerable

children must be at the core of a response

strategy. Activities in this response include

economic strengthening through support for

and training in income generation and microfinance; increasing access to education; helping sick parents write wills and prepare for their

children’s futures; and training caregivers in

supportive home-based care, including provision of food and treatment of AIDS-related

conditions. In western Kenya, for example, the

Speak for the Child Project trains mentors who

then help caregivers improve the psychosocial, health, and nutrition care they provide

children. Since the Project’s inception, immunization rates among orphans and vulnerable

children increased from 44 to 95 percent and

enrollment of eligible children in local

preschools jumped from 10 to 94 percent. In

addition, the Emergency Plan’s work toward

providing treatment for HIV-positive parents

may have a positive effect on preventing

orphanhood. These and many other supportive activities help in developing the capacity

of families to care for their children.

2. Mobilizing and supporting communitybased responses to provide both immediate

and long-term support to vulnerable

households

For children whose families cannot provide for

their basic needs, the community is the next

safety net. Supporting community-led initiatives to care for children and adolescents

affected by HIV/AIDS is therefore a USAID priority. Some USAID-funded activities provide

direct support to community efforts, while others focus on building the capacity of local

faith-based and other community organizations so that they in turn can support a greater

number of community efforts. In many areas,

12

Children AffectedbyHIV/AIDS

Support for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children and Adolescents Affected by

HIV/AIDS – Key Considerations 

Magnitude. The global number of children orphaned by AIDS increased from 11.5 million in

2001 to 15 million in 2003. This number will continue to rise for at least another decade.

Interventions must quickly be brought to a scale that can reach this vast and growing numbers of children and families.

Duration. The proportion of children who are orphans is already extraordinarily high in countries with advanced HIV epidemics. Even if HIV/AIDS rates began to decline now, levels of

illness and death due to HIV/AIDS will continue to increase for almost a decade, because

so many people are already infected. Interventions addressing the long-term needs of children and adolescents affected by HIV/AIDS must thus be sustained for at least two more

decades.

Complexity. Children affected by HIV/AIDS suffer from the loss of caring adults, depletion of

household financial resources, and the stigma and discrimination associated with the disease. Interventions must respond to this broad range of child and family needs.
communities have initiated activities themselves; in others, external efforts have mobilized community action. Actions that communities have taken to protect and support

orphans and vulnerable children include:

 Visiting the most vulnerable children to provide emotional and material support

 Developing community gardens to assist

vulnerable households

 Planting low-maintenance crops and distributing the produce to vulnerable households

 Organizing cooperative child care programs

 Raising funds for relief assistance to vulnerable individuals

 Organizing youth groups that use drama

and music to encourage HIV prevention

and compassion for people living with

AIDS, their families, and orphans

 Organizing sports and recreation

activities to promote the social integration

of orphans

 Encouraging foster families to send orphans

to school

 Encouraging schools to waive fees for

orphans and vulnerable children

 Organizing community schools to begin to

address orphan and vulnerable children

issues and to destigmatize AIDS

In Zambia, the SCOPE project has established

or strengthened 12 district committees and

130 community committees for orphans and

vulnerable children and disbursed 131 subgrants to enhance the capacities of organizations and communities to carry out activities

such as HIV/AIDS awareness, household economic support, education, and psychosocial

support. More than 135,000 orphans and vulnerable children received support in 2003.

3. Ensuring access for orphans and vulnerable

children to essential services

Partnerships with nongovernmental, faithbased, and civil society organizations are

often critical in extending essential services to

vulnerable communities. Over the years, more

and more USAID-supported projects have

adopted a continuum of prevention, care,

and support services that also strive to

provide or ensure access to essential services

for orphans and vulnerable children. For

example, the CONECTA project in the

Dominican Republic works within the framework of the new national social security system

to strengthen the integration and networking

of services for children and families affected

by HIV/AIDS. CONECTA works through existing

private and public facilities to encourage a

continuum of care among public, private,

and community health and psychosocial support services. 

Service delivery priorities and strategies across

USAID-supported projects for children affected

by HIV/AIDS vary but include a focus on:

 School enrollment and attendance

 Birth registration for orphans and vulnerable

children

 Access to basic health and nutrition

services

 Access to safe water and sanitation

 Judicial protections for vulnerable children

Children AffectedbyHIV/AIDS

13
 Placement services for children without

family care

4. Ensuring that governments protect the most

vulnerable children through improved policy

and legislation and by channeling resources

to communities 

No single ministry has sole jurisdiction over

issues affecting orphans and vulnerable children. Governments must find ways to bring

together education, finance, health, social

welfare, and other ministries to respond in a

coordinated and effective way. To meet this

obligation, governments must undertake and

receive support on a broad range of multisector actions. To fortify actions by governments,

USAID, in collaboration with UNICEF and others, has hosted regional conferences to support development and implementation of

national policies and strategies in different

regions of Africa. At these conferences,

national delegates, including representatives

of governments, donors, and implementing

organizations, have reviewed national policies, guidance, and strategies, and outlined

next steps for improving national responses. 

5. Raising awareness at all levels of society to

create a supportive environment for children

affected by HIV/AIDS

No single stakeholder has the resources and

capacity to mount an effective national

14

Children AffectedbyHIV/AIDS

Principles to Guide Programming 

Programs aimed at mitigating the effects of HIV/AIDS on children and their families can

benefit from the principles developed by UNICEF, UNAIDS, and USAID and now incorporated into the Framework for the Protection, Care and Support of Orphans and Vulnerable

Children Living in a World With HIV and AIDS.* These principles evolved from widespread

consultations with governments, nongovernmental organizations, international agencies,

the private sector, community organizations, and young people. The principles apply at all

levels – local, district, national, and global. They complement and expand upon the five

programmatic strategies that provide a common point of reference for the various groups

working to help children, families, and communities. The 12 principles are:

 Strengthen the caring capacities of families through community-based mechanisms

 Strengthen the economic-coping capacities of families and communities

 Enhance the capacity of families and communities to respond to the psychosocial

needs of orphans and vulnerable children and their caregivers

 Foster linkages between HIV/AIDS prevention activities, home-based care, and efforts to

support orphans and other vulnerable children

 Target the most vulnerable children and communities, not children orphaned by AIDS

 Give particular attention to how gender roles make a difference

 Involve children and adolescents as part of the solution

 Strengthen the role of schools and education systems 

 Reduce stigma and discrimination

 Accelerate learning and information exchange 

 Strengthen partnerships at all levels and build coalitions among key stakeholders

 Encourage actions that are child-centered and family- and community-focused

* Available at www.unicef.org
response to the impacts of HIV/AIDS. Public,

private, and civil society groups must develop

a sense of shared responsibility for the protection and well-being of orphans and vulnerable

children. USAID-supported projects carry out

many activities to improve the social context

for children and adolescents affected by

HIV/AIDS. These activities include providing

information and education on HIV/AIDS, challenging myths about HIV/AIDS, campaigning

to reduce stigma and discrimination, and

advocating for basic legal protections for persons living with HIV/AIDS and their families.

Transforming the public perception of

HIV/AIDS by engaging community, government, and religious leaders and the media to

reach the wider community is also a critical

function. Projects in Cambodia, for example,

have developed models for cooperation

among the military, Buddhist monks, and people living with AIDS to care for and support

children affected by HIV/AIDS and their families. President Bush’s Emergency Plan also

seeks to encourage public-private partnerships that support strategies to mobilize and

coordinate community initiatives, including

industry and labor support for social protection programs for orphans and vulnerable

children.

Supporting Alternatives to

Institutional Care

Orphanages, children’s villages, or other

group residential facilities may seem a logical

response to growing orphan populations.

However, this approach can impede the

development of national solutions to caring

for orphans and vulnerable children. Such

institutions may be appealing because they

can provide food, clothing, and education,

but they generally fail to meet children’s emotional and psychological needs. This failure,

and its long-term ramifications, supports the

conclusion of a study in Zimbabwe that countries – and children – are better served by programs that “keep children with the community, surrounded by leaders and peers they

know and love.”1

The extended family and community are

still the most important social safety nets for

orphans, and disconnection from these

support systems greatly increases an orphan’s

long-term vulnerability. Instead of encouraging independence and creative thinking,

institutional life tends to promote dependency, discourage autonomy, and, in general,

poorly prepare young people for eventual

integration into community life. In addition,

the cost of institutional care is many times

higher than family- or community-based

care,2 and, with the large and growing

number of orphans, it is essential that available resources be used to benefit as many

children as effectively as possible.

For children who slip through the safety nets of

extended family and community, arrangements preferable to institutional care include

foster placements, adoption, surrogate family

groups integrated into communities, and

smaller-scale group residential care in homelike settings. Some residential institutions are

recognizing their limited capacity to absorb

children and adapting their programs to provide outreach and day support for vulnerable

children. Such options must become far more

Children AffectedbyHIV/AIDS

15

1 Powell GM, Morreira S, Rudd C, Ngonyama PP. 1994. Child Welfare Policy and Practice in Zimbabwe (study of the

Department of Pediatrics of the University of Zimbabwe and the Zimbabwe Department of Social Welfare). Zimbabwe:

UNICEF.

2 World Bank research in Tanzania found that institutional care was about six times more expensive than foster care. In

Uganda, cost comparisons demonstrated that operating costs for an orphanage were 14 times higher than those for

community care. Other studies have found ratios from 20:1 up to 100:1. (USAID, UNICEF, and UNAIDS. Children on the

Brink 2002. Washington, D.C.: USAID.)
widespread than at present to further reduce

reliance on residential institutions, and the

projects profiled here are pioneers in developing such options. Until these options are more

fully developed and implemented, institutions

may be the only choice in certain circumstances and serve as an option of last resort,

but they will never represent a cost-effective

global solution to the problems of orphans

and communities caring for them. 

Making Progress Count 

One of the major challenges facing governments, international organizations, and nongovernmental organizations in responding to

the increasing number of orphans and other

children made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS is the

lack of data for monitoring and evaluation.

Having information available that is reliable

and consistent within and among countries is

essential for policy and program planning and

monitoring, national and global advocacy,

decision making about the support that

should be provided to families and communities, and focusing the different sectors and

actors involved.3 Projects that plan time for

identifying lessons learned and better practices through monitoring, evaluation, and

research are equipped to use limited

resources in the most efficient and effective

ways possible.

In April 2003, USAID, along with a broad coalition of stakeholders, participated in the

UNAIDS Inter-Agency Task Team on Orphans

and Other Vulnerable Children to reach consensus on a set of core indicators for nationallevel measurement of the global goals for children orphaned and made vulnerable by

HIV/AIDS. This group of experts distilled specific

activities for improving the welfare of orphans

and other children made vulnerable by

HIV/AIDS into key domains that need to be

addressed and monitored at the national

level. The key domains are:

 Policies and strategies

 Education

 Health

 Nutrition 

 Psychosocial support

 Family capacity

 Community capacity

 National resources (expenditures) allocated to orphans and vulnerable children

 Child protection

 Institutional care and shelter

The gathering of information to monitor and

evaluate progress within these domains must

occur at both the national and program levels. Cohesive action to collect information

from various levels will strengthen accountability and improve efforts intended to benefit

children affected by HIV/AIDS. The majority

of projects represented in this publication

undertake program-level activities that

include a combination of the domains listed

above. USAID, in collaboration with other

stakeholders, provides and supports technical

assistance to national- and program-level initiatives. Mechanisms for monitoring and

evaluating programs funded by the U.S.

government include: 

 Population-based surveys of care and support for orphans and vulnerable children

16

Children AffectedbyHIV/AIDS

3 Framework for the Protection, Care and Support of Orphans and Other Children Made Vulnerable by HIV/AIDS,

September 2003.
 Program monitoring of provider capacity

and training

 Targeted evaluations of promising practices for outreach to and care for orphans

and vulnerable children

 Management of information systems to

strengthen data transmission and storage

In response to the need for methods to

improve program data collection and its utility, USAID is supporting the production of a

program monitoring and evaluation guide to

help organizations serving children affected

by HIV/AIDS and their families. The guide will

be available in 2005 and will complement the

national-level monitoring and evaluation

handbook soon to be released by UNICEF. The

guide will offer methods for determining and

measuring relevant program-level indicators

covering the key domains noted above (education, health, nutrition, etc.) and will also discuss linking monitoring and evaluation of program-level efforts with national responses. 

In 2003, USAID participated in several targeted

program evaluations, including the SCOPE

project in Zambia, the STRIVE project in

Zimbabwe, and the Social Action Trust Fund

project in Tanzania. In each case, a participatory process facilitated the gathering of relevant information for immediate use for program improvements. Involvement of peers

from outside the program coverage areas

expanded the exchange of lessons learned

and promising practices. Such evaluations

can be used to expand and improve programming as well as to inform other programs

on what does and does not work. 

Advances are being made in determining

how children are benefiting from USAID-supported activities. More and more projects are

improving their methods of measuring their

indicators to better capture outcomes in terms

of changes in the lives of children affected by

HIV/AIDS and their families. Household income

levels, improved health status, and number of

children completing primary education due to

USAID-supported actions are among the indiChildren AffectedbyHIV/AIDS

17

Counting Beneficiaries

USAID aims to reach as many children as possible with improved programming. The majority

of projects in this publication provide numbers, often several sets of numbers, of children

who have received services and which services they have received. To make these numbers meaningful, projects face many challenges. Often there are multiple program components that reach a range of children affected by HIV/AIDS and their families. For example,

a theatrical performance relating to stigma reduction reaches far more beneficiaries than

support for individual children to attend primary school. Such numbers raise many questions

about the depth and time span of services – Did the same child receive more than one

service? If so, was this child counted once or twice as a beneficiary? Do the same children

continue to receive services month after month? Do children graduate from needing services? If yes, at what point are they subtracted from the number of children being served?

These are only some of the questions that arise when USAID tries to tally the total number of

child beneficiaries of its programs. Such questions reflect the challenges that compound

the task of defining who is a beneficiary. One way to advance more meaningful counting

is to improve the monitoring and evaluation of initiatives aiming to benefit orphans and vulnerable children affected by HIV/AIDS. To this end, USAID and the President’s Emergency

Plan for AIDS Relief are intensifying their focus on gathering strategic information.
cators being tracked. In the future, key indicators for the Emergency Plan’s strategy will be

reflected in this report.

Research on ways to improve programming

has expanded in the past year. The Pact/

Community REACH project is examining the

effectiveness of selected interventions that

serve orphans and vulnerable children aged 6

to 19 in Rwanda and Zambia and developing

for broader use methods to determine program effectiveness. The project is also supporting research in four countries into topics such

as orphan migration, older caregivers, care

and support services, and foster care for

orphans. Encouraging new partners to expand

their networks and pursue innovative programming is part of the Emergency Plan and will be

supported and expanded in fiscal year 2005.

The HORIZONS project has contributed

research findings on the strengths and limitations of succession planning and mobilizing

young people as caregivers. HORIZONS found

that young people can be a valuable

resource in the care of persons living with

HIV/AIDS and their children. HORIZONS is also

gathering strategic information to determine

the impact of home visits and mentoring programs on child-headed households and, with

the Regional Psychosocial Support Initiative, is

examining the influence of existing programs

and community efforts on the psychosocial

well-being of adolescent orphans and vulnerable children.

The Journey Ahead

We have the map for finding our way forward.

Effective strategies and tools for assisting children and youth affected by HIV/AIDS exist

and can be adapted to particular circumstances. Available funds are growing through

a concerted U.S. government effort in conjunction with the President’s Emergency Plan

for AIDS Relief. With rapid, collective, and

18

Children AffectedbyHIV/AIDS

National Responses to Orphans and Vulnerable Children

Action to stem the affects of HIV/AIDS on children requires a rapid, cohesive, and multifaceted response. The majority of USAID projects represented in this report focus on programlevel efforts, i.e., strengthening family and community capacities to care for orphans and

vulnerable children. Accelerated and coordinated action at the national level is also needed. Through direct technical assistance and regional workshops, USAID supports strengthening the responses of national governments to:

 Conduct participatory situation analyses

 Implement national policy and legislation to protect orphans and other children made

vulnerable by HIV/AIDS

 Establish coordination mechanisms among partners

 Develop and implement national action plans for the protection and care of orphans

and other children made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS

 Develop and implement monitoring and evaluation mechanisms

At the end of 2003, only 17 countries with generalized epidemics reported having a national policy for orphans and vulnerable children to guide strategic decision making and

resource allocation. Through collaboration with UNICEF, USAID is committed to intensifying

the focus on strengthening national responses to the crisis of children affected by HIV/AIDS.

On top of this effort, President Bush’s Emergency Plan is also committed to engendering

bold leadership among national leaders to win the war against AIDS.
sustained action, more children can be

reached. Achieving this requires determination to work beyond organizational boundaries and coordinate efforts. USAID supports a

range of mechanisms that foster this needed

coordination, including country-to-country

exchange visits, town hall informational meetings, interagency working groups, the Children

Affected by AIDS electronic discussion forum,

regional consultations and training, and facilitation of national policy and strategy development. Beyond these activities, in an effort

to simplify and expand access to materials by

project implementers, USAID is supporting the

launch of an electronic toolkit (Web-based

and CD-ROM) in 2004 that will make it easier

to access a wide range of articles, planning

and implementation materials, training tools,

and other resources.

Even with invigorated global commitment

and dramatically increased funding, the

number of children made vulnerable by

HIV/AIDS continues to accelerate at a rate

that far surpasses the current capacity of

resources and efforts to care for them. Only

through a unified effort can we truly begin to

mitigate the impact of the epidemic on children and their families.

Children AffectedbyHIV/AIDS

19

Africa

Richard Marchewka
PURPOSE

This project works to improve the safety, living

conditions, well-being, and prospects of the

increasing number of orphans, other vulnerable children, and their families in 25 sites in

Burkina Faso covering approximately 1.5% of

the country’s 12.6 million population (mid-2002

estimate). It aims to strengthen locally appropriate psychosocial, educational, health, and

nutritional support and to enhance the children’s and families’ economic and social

inclusion, thereby raising their social status. 

To this end, the International HIV/AIDS Alliance

works with the Initiative Privée et

Communautaire de Lutte Contre le VIH/SIDA

Burkina Faso (IPC), a national nongovernmental support organization, to mobilize and

strengthen the capacity of local CBOs and

other NGOs to facilitate community responses

to orphans and other vulnerable children and

to integrate services for orphans and vulnerable children into existing prevention and care

activities.

The program aims to directly reach 20,350

orphans and vulnerable children through the

following strategies:

 Mobilizing and strengthening communities

to support orphans and vulnerable children

and their families

 Increasing the psychosocial and economic

capacity of families to care for orphans

and vulnerable children and people living

with HIV/AIDS

 Increasing the capacity of children and

young people to satisfy their own needs

and to participate in community responses

to orphans and vulnerable children

 Capturing and sharing lessons learned to

contribute to an enabling national policy

and programmatic environment

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Direct care and support services to 3,420

orphans and other vulnerable children 

 Direct awareness raising about the situation

of orphans and other vulnerable children

with 3,200 adults 

 Indirect awareness raising about the situation of orphans and other vulnerable with

20,000 children, youth, and adults 

22 Africa

Burkina Faso

COUNTRY:

Burkina Faso

PROJECT:

Supporting Nongovernmental Organization

HIV/AIDS Service Expansion and Promoting

Effective Responses to Address the Needs of

Orphans and Vulnerable Children Affected

by HIV/AIDS

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: International HIV/AIDS Alliance

Grantee: Initiative Privée et Communautaire

de Lutte Contre le VIH/SIDA 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

September 1999-December 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$1,025,000
 Direct participatory prevention work with

6,580 vulnerable children and youth

 Direct care and support services to 5,520

women and indirect support to around

15,000 dependent children and youth

 Financial and technical support to 73

NGOs and CBOs to mitigate the impact of

AIDS on orphans, vulnerable children, and

affected households, and to link activities

for orphans and vulnerable children with

care and prevention activities

 Over 4,700 NGO and CBO staff, volunteers,

and service providers involved in workshops, training, and sessions on HIV/AIDS

services, participatory techniques, project

development and management, administration, and financial management

 Support for preparing a national orphans

and vulnerable children policy, with IPC

as vice-chair of the steering committee

providing input into a report on a situation

analysis, cofinancing and co-organizing a

validation workshop, and providing input

into the next step of preparing the

national strategy

 Launch of a pilot project with AQUADEV

and STEP-ILO (organizations specializing in

microfinance and health micro-insurance)

to strengthen the socioeconomic capacity

of affected communities for supporting

orphans, other vulnerable children, and

people living with HIV/AIDS

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Design and start-up of MAP-funded program in support of orphans and other vulnerable children in five new provinces and

integration into ongoing program 

 Strengthen the capacity of families to care

for orphans and vulnerable children and

people living with HIV/AIDS through:

• Strengthening economic activities, 

including developing a model to integrate microfinance, health micro-insurance, and HIV/AIDS prevention and

impact mitigation strategies

• Collaborating with stakeholders to ensure

that households have access to existing

services for orphans and vulnerable children (e.g., nutrition, health, hygiene, and

educational programs)

• Strengthening activities for orphans and

vulnerable children in ongoing community-based care programs for people living

with HIV/AIDS, with a focus on developing

tools that promote communication

between people living with HIV/AIDS and

their children to better equip families to

prepare for the future

 Increase the capacity of children

and young people to satisfy their own

needs and to participate in community

responses to support orphans and

vulnerable children by:

• Promoting the development of national

and local environments that encourage

the participation of children and young

people at all levels of the community

• Strengthening IPC staff members and

resource people to promote and facilitate participation at the community level

 Increase the capacity of children and

young people to participate by facilitating

access to formal and nonformal education,

reinforcing their awareness and skills about

children’s rights and HIV/AIDS, and supportAfrica

Burkina Faso 23
ing initiatives to increase psychosocial

strength and skills

 Strengthen the links between IPC’s prevention work and vulnerable children and

youth

 Capitalize on IPC’s strategic position and

strength to promote approaches that can

be scaled up effectively or that facilitate

and drive others to scale up by:

• Continuing input into the development of

national policies for orphans and vulnerable children

• Maintaining a critical mass of resource

people concerned with orphans and vulnerable children

• Facilitating national workshops and participating in regional and international

meetings

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Guide to facilitate participatory community-level situation analysis and project planning for orphans and other vulnerable children (available from IPC electronically in

French only)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Accessing resource people trained in community mobilization and orphans and vulnerable children issues

 Training NGOs and CBOs in community

mobilization

 Developing policies, programs, and projects to address issues of orphans and vulnerable children

 Providing psychosocial support for orphans

and vulnerable children

 Carrying out participatory communitybased assessments of the problems and

opportunities faced by orphans and vulnerable children

 Strengthening the economies of households supporting orphans and vulnerable

children and people living with HIV/AIDS

CONTACT INFORMATION

Initiative Privée et Communautaire de Lutte

Contre le VIH/SIDA (IPC):

Dr. Brice Millogo (ipcbf@cenatrin.bf)

Tel: +226-38-03-60; Fax: +226 38-03-66

International HIV/AIDS Alliance:

Paul McCarrick, Program Officer: West and

North Africa

Tel: +44-1273-71-8932; Fax:+ 44-1273-718901

pmccarrick@aidsalliance.org

www.aidsalliance.org

Headquarters: Susanne Kremer skremer@aidsalliance.org

USAID/Washington:

Ron MacInnis (rmacinnis@usaid.gov)

Lloyd Feinberg (lfeinberg@usaid.gov)

USAID/REDSO/West:

Felix Awantang (fawantang@usaid.gov)

Willibord “Willy” Shasha (wshasha@usaid.gov)

24

Africa

Burkina Faso
PURPOSE

The program aims to ensure that a complete

range of interventions and programs is delivered to reduce the transmission of HIV and STIs

and the impact of HIV/AIDS on the population. The program also strives to improve quality of life for persons living with HIV/AIDS

through strengthening of the continuum of

prevention, care, and support.

The process includes working with all stakeholders to build consensus and recognize the

key role of each stakeholder, including the

government. The consensus-building process

helps stakeholders begin to develop the referral network that is key to an expanded and

comprehensive response. A well-developed

referral network allows individual stakeholders

to provide a continuum of care for people

and households affected by HIV and AIDS,

because each implementing organization

can offer the services it is best equipped to

deliver and refer beneficiaries to other organizations when needed. This framework, in

which different organizations provide different

key interventions, with government playing a

coordinating role, allows the linking of prevention, care, and support so that efforts are

focused both on reducing the spread of HIV

and on improving the quality of life for those

living with HIV and AIDS.

From their inception, interventions are

designed to function within the prevention,

care, and support continuum and are developed in collaboration with members of the

targeted groups, community representatives,

care providers, the Regional HIV/AIDS

Prevention and Control Offices, other stakeholders, and the donor. As such, programming

for orphans and vulnerable children is not a

separate approach; rather, it is fully integrated

in the continuum and is designed to build on

efforts to strengthen community coping

mechanisms.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 In the first half of FY 2004, Beza Lehiwot and

Wegen Aden, two local NGOs active in

Addis Ketema Kifle Ketema in Addis Ababa

(formerly wereda 5), provided tutoring supAfrica 25

Ethiopia

COUNTRY:

Ethiopia

PROJECT:

Capacity Building for HIV/AIDS Prevention,

Care, and Support

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantees: HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care and

Support Organization; Beza Lehiwot; Wegen

Aden; others to be determined

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

FY 2001-2007

USAID AMOUNT:

$600,000 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
port to 270 orphans and vulnerable children (140 girls and 130 boys) from poor

families in their target areas. Nonformal

basic education sessions were provided to

36 children (20 girls and 16 boys) who are

not going to school. 

 Community mobilization activities reached

978 persons and included community discussion on orphans and vulnerable children

issues and HIV/AIDS.

 In the first half of FY 2004, volunteer caregivers engaged in home- and communitybased care identified 3,603 orphans and

vulnerable children (1,821 girls and 1,782

boys) in their target communities and started providing basic care services to these

children. 

 In the first half of FY 2004, FHI worked with

the Forum for Street Children Ethiopia, the

Amhara HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control

Office, and the Amhara Bureau of Labour

and Social Affairs to conduct a baseline

assessment to investigate the needs of

orphans and vulnerable children in Bahir

Dar, Gonder, and Dessie. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 In Oromia and the Southern Peoples

Nations and Nationalities Region (SNNPR),

finish selecting areas of concentrated vulnerability based on findings of baseline

assessments

 In these areas of concentrated vulnerability, finalize assessment of the organizational

capacity of local organizations already

providing home-based care and/or support services to orphans and vulnerable

children

 In Amhara, Oromia, and SNNPR, work with

the selected mentoring organizations to

enlist idir (existing community self-help structures) to provide a community-based

approach to care and support for persons

living with HIV/AIDS and their families

 In Addis Ababa, Amhara, Oromia, and

SNNPR, work with the selected mentoring

organizations, idir, and other CBOs

engaged in FHI’s home- and communitybased care projects to organize,

mobilize, and formalize a network of

local stakeholders

 Provide technical assistance to mentoring

organizations, idir, and other CBOs

engaged in FHI-supported home- and

community-based care projects

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

The following are available upon request:

 Baseline assessment tools (mapping, care

and support services assessment, people

living with HIV/AIDS needs assessment,

capacity assessment, behavior change

communication formative assessment)

 Addis Ababa, Amhara, Oromia, and SNNPR

baseline reports

 FHI HIV/AIDS Institute Program in Ethiopia:

An Expanded and Comprehensive

Response to HIV and AIDS 

 FHI HIV/AIDS Institute Program in Ethiopia:

Behavior Change Communication for

HIV/AIDS

 The FHI/Ethiopia Home and CommunityBased Care Approach

26

Africa

Ethiopia
PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

The project addresses HIV/AIDS as a crosscutting issue, focusing on raising awareness and

understanding of HIV/AIDS (particularly

among women) and promoting prevention

education. The strength of community-level

interventions provides opportunities for harnessing all community-level workers (e.g., agricultural extension agents, development

agents, community health workers, and water

point attendants) and health facility personnel

to work together to increase knowledge

about HIV/AIDS and promote behavior

change or behavior maintenance. At the

partner level, HIV/AIDS information dissemination is incorporated into all training programs

and integrated with government efforts. 

COUNTRY:

Ethiopia

PROJECT:

Improved Family Health and Maintaining

Human Dignity of the Poorest

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Catholic Relief Services (CRS)

Grantees: Missionaries of Charity; Medical

Missionaries of Mary; Organization for Social 

Services for AIDS

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

FY 2003-2007

USAID AMOUNT:

$2,382,656 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Orphans and vulnerable children program

design within the continuum of prevention,

care, support, and referral networks

 Organizational strengthening

 Financial management

 Partnership with economic strengthening

projects

CONTACT INFORMATION

FHI/Ethiopia:

Francesca Stuer, Country Director

(fstuer@fhi.org.et)

Tsige Teferi, Associate Director

(tteferi@fhi.org.et)

Nigist Levi, Home-&Community-Based Care

Officer (nlevi@fhi.org.et)

Girum Gebreselassie, Sr. Care and Treatment

Officer (ggselassie@fhi.org.et)

Abaynesh Biru, Sr. Behavior Change

Communication Officer (abiru@ fhi.org.et)

FHI/Virginia:

Kristen Ruckstuhl, Program Officer (kruckstuhl@fhi.org)

Moses Dombo, Senior Technical Officer,

Orphans and Vulnerable Children/CAA

(mdombo@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/Ethiopia:

Holly Fluty Dempsey (hdempsey@usaid.gov)

Susan Anthony (santhony@usaid.gov)

Africa

Ethiopia 27
28

Africa

The overall objective of the project is to promote and maintain the basic human dignity

of the poorest of the poor. 

In this follow-on development assistance program, Catholic Relief Services has focused its

safety net program so that it provides support

only to well-established organizations that are

providing essential care and support for persons living with HIV/AIDS and for orphans and

vulnerable children. The project subobjective

is to meet the immediate humanitarian needs

of 43,186 of the poorest of the poor in 15

urban and semi-urban areas throughout

Ethiopia on a consistent basis.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Following are the annual beneficiary numbers

for the care and support interventions:

 The Missionaries of Charity assist through

their 15 homes approximately 7,640

orphans due to HIV/AIDS and other vulnerable children; 9,458 HIV patients; and

22,802 other destitute and chronically sick

beneficiaries.

 The Organization for Social Services for AIDS

assists 1,000 orphans due to HIV/AIDS and

500 people living with HIV/AIDS in four locations (Addis Ababa, Nazareth, Harar, and

Dire Dawa).

 The Medical Missionaries of Mary assist

1,000 HIV/AIDS-affected people (200

orphans, 106 people living with HIV/AIDS,

and 694 family members and caretakers) in

Addis Ababa. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

Provide care and support to HIV/AIDS-infected

and -affected people, including psychosocial

support, food, educational support, medicine,

and clothing

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

community mobilization and linking care and

prevention.

CONTACT INFORMATION

Catholic Relief Services: 

Anne Bousquet (bousquet@telecom.net.et)

USAID/Washington: 

Cathy Brown (cabrown@usaid.gov)

USAID/Ethiopia: 

Holly Fluty Dempsey (hdempsey@usaid.gov)

Susan Anthony (santhony@usaid.gov)

Ethiopia
PURPOSE

The purpose of the project is to enhance the

quality of life of those infected and affected

by HIV/AIDS by providing accessible and efficient home care and by enhancing the collective capacity of the community to provide

care and support.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 277 orphans and vulnerable children

received regular psychosocial support and

materials (e.g., school uniforms and other

educational materials); 121 of these children received nutritional supplements.

 50 volunteers (community outreach workers) received home-based care training.

 61 idir (self-help associations formed by

neighbors and residents of the same district) were assisted to form a union and

incorporate into their association’s bylaws

the issue of provision of care and support

for persons living with HIV/AIDS and children orphaned by AIDS.

 69 leaders from 61 idir participated in a

sensitization workshop. The project workshop served as a forum to advocate for

increased community participation in the

care and support of persons affected by or

living with HIV/AIDS.

 68 individuals, representing CBOs, persons

living with HIV/AIDS, elders, anti-AIDS clubs,

youth, pertinent government offices, and

NGOs participated in a project workshop

on human rights.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Provide psychosocial support to orphans

and other vulnerable children and persons

living with HIV/AIDS

 Provide nutritional education and promote

traditional food habits and counseling

 Recruit and train volunteer caregivers

 Train 50 volunteers (40 community activists

and 10 people living with HIV/AIDS) on

issues of human rights so they can disseminate that information to the community

 Initiate income-generating activities for

persons living with HIV/AIDS and children

orphaned by AIDS

Africa

Ethiopia 29

COUNTRY:

Ethiopia

PROJECT:

Pact Community REACH (Rapid and Effective

Action Against HIV/AIDS)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Pact

Grantee: Hiwot HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care

and Support Organization (HAPSCO)

Collaborating organizations for HIV testing:

Mary Joy AID Through Development;

Betezata Private Clinic

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

July 2002-July 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$173,283
30

Africa

Ethiopia

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

The following materials can be requested

by mail:

 Nutritional needs assessment

 Home-based care training module

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Mentoring and materials on providing

home-based care

 Community mobilization 

 Engaging CBOs in HIV/AIDS-related

activities

CONTACT INFORMATION

Pact Community REACH:

Polly Mott, Program Director

(reachgrants@pacthq.org)

HAPSCO

Sr. Tibebe Maco, Executive Director (hapcso@telecom.net.et)

USAID/Washington:

Ron MacInnis (rmacinnis@usaid.gov)

USAID/Ethiopia:

Holly Fluty Dempsey (hdempsey@usaid.gov)
PURPOSE

To support the development of a national

policy guideline for orphans and vulnerable

children

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

The POLICY Project is providing evidencebased updates on the situation of and

responses to orphans and vulnerable children

by various government and NGO partners. For

example, in the recent AIDS in Ghana update,

about 26,000 children aged 0 to14 years may

be infected with HIV and between 250,000

and 300,000 children under age 14 are

orphans from AIDS- and non-AIDS-related

causes.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES 

 Through participatory dialogue, develop

and seek the endorsement of a common

framework and policy guidelines that

underpin national program implementation

for orphans and vulnerable children

 Develop a national framework for the protection, care, and support of orphans and

vulnerable children

 Advocate for scaling up programs for

orphans and vulnerable children

 Mobilize and guide substantially increased

partnerships, resources, and action plans

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

POLICY/Ghana is using the SPECTRUM series of

reproductive health and HIV/AIDS policy

analysis tools to carry out the fourth update of

the Ghana AIDS Impact Model application,

which will contain estimates of orphans and

other children made vulnerable by AIDS. The

products will be available on the POLICY project Web site by late July 2004.

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Assist national policy and strategy

development

 Develop policy analysis tools to assess the

burden of orphans and vulnerable children

Africa 31

Ghana

COUNTRY:

Ghana

PROJECT:

POLICY Project Ghana 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Futures Group 

Grantees: Ghana AIDS Commission; Ghana

Department of Social Welfare; National AIDS

Control Program of the Ghana Health Service 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

September 2003-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$75,000
 Provide evidence-based updates of the situation of and responses to orphans and

vulnerable children

 Support ongoing initiatives in HIV/AIDS programs that will result in developing national

action plans and strategies for OVC

programming

CONTACT INFORMATION

Futures Group:

Brenda Rakama

(brakama@futuresgroup.com)

Michelle Prosser (mprosser@futuresgroup.com)

USAID/Washington:

Liz Schoenecker (lschoenecker@usaid.gov)

Rose McCullough (rmccullough@usaid.gov)

Diana Prieto (dprieto@usaid.gov)

32

Africa

Ghana
PURPOSE

The project’s purpose is to mitigate the impact

of HIV/AIDS and decrease the risk of HIV transmission by providing a comprehensive homebased care package. This will be achieved

through the following five objectives:

 Provide 1,000 HIV-positive children and an

estimated 5,000 family members with highquality home-based care and counseling

services

 Provide a package of social support services to at least 50% of the 1,000 HIV-positive

children and their families

 Improve the organizational capacity of the

Lea Toto project to deliver high-quality

care and counseling services for HIV-positive children and their families

 Improve the ability of targeted local communities to prioritize the needs of HIV-positive children and their families and carry

out activities to meet these needs

 Provide the target communities with the

skills necessary to negotiate, support, and

maintain safe behaviors

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Established a satellite center in one new

sub-location (Kawangware)

 Expanded to six locations (Kangemi,

Kawangware, Ruiru, Waithaka, Ruthimitu,

and Mutuini)

 Identified and enrolled 649 HIV-positive children in the project

 Provided routine antibiotic prophylaxes and

simple medications for clients and family

members

 Established two caregiver solidarity groups

 Created one economic self-help group

 Began microfinance project for women in

targeted families

 Established strong working collaborative

relationships with six NGOs in the target

area and with key stakeholders

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Identify clients eligible for ART

 Promote VCT

Africa 33

Kenya

COUNTRY:

Kenya

PROJECT:

COGRI Lea Toto Community-Based Project

for the Care of HIV-Positive Orphans

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

Children of God Relief Institute (COGRI)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

August 2003-July 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$750,000
34

Africa

Kenya

PURPOSE

Launched in 1999, COPHIA helps local

communities and CBOs identify, develop,

manage, and implement a wide range of

HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and support activities for persons living with HIV/AIDS and their

families. Project activities are facilitated

through a network of local implementing partners that include CBOs, FBOs, and AIDS support organizations and programs. COPHIA

assists these organizations in eight districts of

Kenya, a total catchment area of more than

10 million people. 

Key program strategies and activities

include:

 Prevention activities targeting in-school

and out-of-school youth, emphasizing the

“ABC” (Abstinence, Be faithful, consistent

and correct use of Condoms as appropriate) strategy; risk behavior reduction; and

stigma reduction

 Provision of home-based care for persons

living with HIV/AIDS through networks of

community health workers, trainers, and

supervisors

 Carry out pre-enrollment assessments

 Provide clinical care for home-bound

clients

 Plan for permanency of the activities

 Provide support for economic sustainability

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects in the following areas:

 Physical and psychological care to children

and their families

 Counseling services to caregivers

 Income-generating activities

CONTACT INFORMATION

Angelo D’Agostino, SJ, MD

Children of God Relief Institute (COGRI):

P.O. Box 21399, 00505

Nairobi, Kenya

angelo@nyumbani.org

Tel: 254-20-2716829/ 2718711 / 0733.609.449

USAID/Kenya:

Cheryl Sonnichsen (csonnichsen@usaid.gov)

COUNTRY:

Kenya

PROJECT:

Community-Based Program for HIV/AIDS

Prevention, Care and Support (COPHIA)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Pathfinder International 

Grantees: Population Services International;

Kenya Rural Enterprise Program; Kenya

Network of Women with AIDS; Redeemed

Gospel Church; Integrated AIDS Program of

Catholic Diocese of Thika; Widows and

Orphans Welfare Society of Kenya; Kenya

AIDS Intervention Prevention Program; more

than 20 other CBOs

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

June 1999-March 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$7,263,189
Africa

Kenya 35

 Training of caregivers in basic care, nutrition, and infection control

 Two-way referrals between community and

health facilities

 Community resource mobilization through

networks of community implementation

committees

 Support initiatives, such as community- and

facility-based HIV counselor training and

linkages to emotional, spiritual, legal, education, and economic support services

 Strengthening of orphan and vulnerable

child support services through linkages with

local partners, addressing health, education, nutrition, and general welfare programs

 Stakeholder participation and advocacy,

with emphasis on greater involvement of

people living with AIDS

 Income-generation activities and safety

nets funded through microcredit activities

targeting caregivers, home-based care

clients, and mature orphans

 Institutional capacity building of local partners through specific training in program

and fiscal management, program planning

and development, monitoring and evaluation and direct funding for care and support activities

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Trained more than 900 community health

workers

 Provided home-based care and support

services to more than 17,000 clients since

the start of the program, averaging 1,500

new clients every quarter

 Trained over 36,000 caregivers in nutrition,

nursing care, and prevention

 In 2003-2004, trained 100 paralegal advisors

to assist widows and orphans in issues of

inheritance, property disposal, and succession

 During the program year 2003-2004, trained

more than 80 community and facilitybased HIV counselors

 In 2003-2004, assisted 9,000 orphans with

home-based care services and educational and nutritional support services

 In 2003-2004, provided business management training and microcredit loans to

more than 200 caregivers, health workers,

and mature orphans 

 Began a rapid response fund grant program for local community-based organizations to access support for HIV/AIDS-related

programs and activities

 Conducted a survey of home-based care

clients that determined demographic profiles of clients and average number of

orphans and vulnerable children per client

household

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Support household food security in rural

and urban households through the development of a nutritional field school and

urban gardening projects

 Expand support in education and nutrition

initiatives through local implementing partnerships
 Provide specialized training in organizational and program management capacity

for local implementing partners and

collaborators

 Expand cadre of community health workers, trainers and supervisors, and HIV counselors to provide home-based care and

support services

 Expand number of VCT centers at referral

facilities

 Provide refresher training for health workers

in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission, the role of community health workers in ART, and family counseling and referral services

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Home-based care survey tool

 Home-based care training curriculum

 Home-based care workbook for community health workers and caregivers

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Training of home-based care providers

 Training of home-based care trainers/facilitators, supervisors

 Capacity building in fiscal and program

development/management 

CONTACT INFORMATION

Pathfinder International/Kenya:

Charles Thube (cthube@pathfind.org)

Georgianna Platt (gplatt@pathfind.org)

Tel: 254-20-224154

Pathfinder International/Boston:

Jodi Ansel (jansel@pathfind.org)

Tel: 617-924-7200

USAID/Kenya:

Dr. John Wasonga (jwasonga@usaid.gov)

Cheryl Sonnichsen (csonnichsen@usaid.gov)

Janet Paz-Castillo (jpaz-castillo@usaid.gov)

36

Africa

Kenya 
PURPOSE

The project aims to provide 5,000 children

affected by HIV/AIDS and 25,000 indirect beneficiaries in seven districts in Kenya with food

resources.

The monetization and distribution commodities

from the LIFE initiative have been incorporated into and used to strengthen other ongoing

projects that support orphans and vulnerable

children. 

Activities undertaken to meet the above

objective include: 

 Community mobilization for the continuous

identification of project beneficiaries, such

as children affected by HIV/AIDS (including

orphans), children in child-headed households, and children who have lost at least

three family members to HIV/AIDS

 Registration of project beneficiaries

 Distribution of a monthly food ration to beneficiaries as part of a short-term mitigation

effort aimed at addressing some of the

food needs of households impacted by

HIV/AIDS

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 5,000 project beneficiaries were identified.

 As of September 2003, 824.7 metric tons of

corn/soy blend (CSB) and 120.08 metric

tons of oil were distributed to an average

of 4,523 households (average for FY 2003)

on a monthly basis.

 Household rations of 12.5 kilograms of CSB

flour and 2 liters of vegetable oil (2.18 kg)

were distributed to beneficiaries as part of

a comprehensive package of home-based

care activities.

 The ability of children benefiting from the

program to concentrate better in school,

due in part to improved nutrition from

receiving one nutritious meal per day

and the subsequent reduced susceptibility

to disease and infections, was observed

to improve.

 Reports were received from caregivers of

beneficiaries that the provision of food

rations to households freed up household

income for other expenses such as pens

and books for the children and fuel. 

37

Africa

Kenya

COUNTRY: 

Kenya

PROJECT: 

Leadership and Investment in Fighting an

Epidemic (LIFE)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Catholic Relief Services (CRS)

Grantees: Adventist Relief and Development

Agency, Kenya; Food for the Hungry

International, Kenya; World Vision, Kenya;

Archdiocese of Mombassa; Pathfinder

International; Children of God Relief Institute

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

FY 2002-2005

USAID AMOUNT: 

$6,663,840 ($1,570,000 in monetization commodities and $5,093,840 in distribution commodities; this proportion may change as field

practicalities dictate)
PURPOSE

The purpose of the project is to:

 Improve the lives of persons living with

HIV/AIDS and their families through homebased care and the development of support groups

 Develop systems to care for orphans and

vulnerable children through community

mobilization, links to networks of CBOs

COUNTRY:

Kenya

PROJECT:

Pact Community REACH (Rapid and Effective

Action Against HIV/AIDS)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Pact

Grantee: International Community for the

Relief of Starvation and Suffering (ICROSS)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

August 2002-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$234,060

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Incorporate the additional 20,000 children

affected by HIV/AIDS in Kilifi District (one of

the districts already in the LIFE program)

targeted under the grant from the

President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief

 Strengthen HIV/AIDS education in ongoing

program activities to improve the care and

prevention linkage

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Home-based care

 Counseling of orphans and vulnerable

children

 Community mobilization

 Linking care and prevention

 Training community health workers 

 Strengthening program monitoring and

evaluation

CONTACT INFORMATION

Catholic Relief Services (CRS)/Kenya:

Shirley A. Dady (crskenya@crsnairobi.org)

P.O. Box 49675 - 00100, Nairobi, Kenya

Tel: 254-2-3741355/3751246

CRS/Headquarters:

Helen K. Rottmund (hrottmund@catholicrelief.org)

209 W. Fayette Street

Baltimore, MD 21201

Tel: 410-625-2220 

USAID/Washington:

Michelle Cachaper (mcacheper@usaid.gov)

USAID/Kenya:

Cheryl Sonnichsen (csonnichsen@usaid.gov)

Janet Paz-Castillo (jpaz-castillo@usaid.gov)

38

Africa

Kenya
39

Africa

Kenya

(including FBOs), and integration of governmental and nongovernmental services

 Improve the economic and social situation

of vulnerable families by increasing access

to community and government social

services

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 7,659 orphans and vulnerable children benefited from counseling and family support

activities.

 77 service providers and caregivers

received training in care and support of

orphans and vulnerable children.

 The strengths of existing community systems

and structures were identified so they can

be developed to provide care and support

for more than 400 orphans and vulnerable

children.

 Training and sensitization sessions were held

for community leaders to address weaknesses in community systems.

 The project negotiated for structures to

accommodate for orphans and vulnerable

children.

 Project activities ensured that orphans and

vulnerable children have access to relevant quality education.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Identify women living with HIV/AIDS and

help them address, in a socially acceptable manner, issues of succession, inheritance, and access to legal aid

 Help orphans connect with other support

organizations

 Encourage the formation of groups to

support services and activities for orphans,

other vulnerable children, and persons living with HIV/AIDS to ensure that children

are aware of their rights.

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Training of trainers in home-based care

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children

in community mobilization and homebased care.

CONTACT INFORMATION

Pact Community REACH Headquarters:

Polly Mott, Project Director

(reachgrants@pacthq.org)

ICROSS Field:

Augustine Wasonga, Program Development

Director (icrosskenya@extremeusers.com)

USAID/Washington:

Ron MacInnis (rmacinnis@usaid.gov)
40

Africa

Kenya

PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to support families

and communities to improve the health,

nutrition, and psychosocial care and

development of orphans and vulnerable

children age 5 and under.

Core program activities include:

 Regular home-visiting by mentors to support vulnerable households and coach

them to solve problems in nutrition, health,

and psychosocial and cognitive care

 Provision of preschool fees to send children

in vulnerable families to local preschools

 Immunizations and health cards

 Capacity building for Speak for the Child

community committees working to

increase human and financial resources for

better care of young children

 Capacity building for local women’s

groups, self-help groups, and FBOs to

become local implementing partners and

to identify orphan households, assess

needs, and deliver services

 Support groups for caregivers and visiting

mentors that provide guidance, a social

network, and economic support

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 560 orphans and vulnerable children

were enrolled in the program and reached

each month.

 9 community organizations received assistance in caring for orphans and vulnerable

children each month.

 95% of enrolled orphans and vulnerable

children were fully immunized (44% immunized at enrollment; 51% immunized by

project).

 94% of eligible children were enrolled in

local preschools (10% enrolled before the

project began).

 100% of project “graduates” were enrolled

in primary school.

 Behavior changes among caregivers were

achieved as follows:

• Verbal interactions – 57% of caregivers

are talking to the children; telling stories;

trying to talk in a gentle manner or to

shout less; and trying to listen more.

• Stimulation – 49% of caregivers are spending more time with the young children,

providing play materials, and encouraging them to play and socialize.

COUNTRY:

Kenya

PROJECT:

Speak for the Child

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION: 

Academy for Educational Development

(AED)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

Pilot Phase: August 2000-February 2003

Expansion Phase: January 2003-March 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

Pilot Phase: $530,340

Expansion Phase: $750,000
41

Africa

Kenya

• Discipline – 48% of caregivers are trying to

replace beating as their main disciplinary

method with talk and explanations.

• Night terrors – 49% of caregivers have

understood and allayed young children’s

fears by explaining death and the parents’ absence and by reassuring children

about fears of abandonment.

• Nutrition – 59% of caregivers are combining and enriching foods to improve the

diets of children under 5.

• Feeding – 61% of caregivers feed young

children more frequently during the day.

• Food production – 88% of caregivers have

planted new crops or have prepared

land for planting.

• Hygiene – 74% of caregivers are washing

children with soap more regularly and

washing dishes and drying them on dish

racks.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 With new NGO and CBO partners, program

scale-up in other communities of western

Kenya (Bungoma, Busia, Vihiga, and others), including training, regular technical

assistance and trouble-shooting, and

monitoring

 Complete coverage of orphans in South

Kabras and expanded program services in

East and West Kabras

 Adaptation of administrative, training,

implementation, and monitoring tools to

needs of diverse NGOs and CBOs

 Documentation and dissemination of

adaptations and lessons learned during

scale-up through local NGOs and CBOs

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Speak for the Child: A Case Study provides

a detailed program description, lessons

learned, and suggested adaptations.

 Speak for the Child: A Program Guide with

Tools provides step-by-step information on

program implementation. The following

tools are included:

• Connecting with the community

• Community surveys to identify and target

young orphans and vulnerable children

• Training guide for community volunteers

implementing surveys

• Household intake guide for use by mentors visiting caregivers of orphans and vulnerable children

• Baseline tools to assess and monitor the

development of young orphans and vulnerable children

• Mentor training manual that includes

counseling and home visit protocols

• Manual for mentors implementing home

visiting program

• Guidance for mentor and caregiver

support groups

• Monitoring and evaluation tools for

child and caregiver outcomes, home

visits, immunization, preschool, and

support groups

Tools can be obtained by contacting Joy

Okinda in Kenya at aed@africaonline.co.ke.

or Sarah Dastur in Washington, DC at sdastur@aed.org .
PURPOSE

The project’s purpose is to reduce morbidity

and mortality among children under 5 years

old and mitigate the impact of HIV and AIDS

on children under 15 years old. Activities

include: 

 Capacity building of organizations addressing the needs of orphans

 Medical examinations and treatment of

orphans through support to the Ministry of

Health 

 Income-generating activities for orphan

caregivers

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Training in listening and problem-solving

approaches for home visitors

 Nutrition, health, and child development

counseling for children aged 5 and under 

 Approaches to community mobilization

 Survey research

 Volunteer supervision

 Early childhood development 

 Community-based care for orphans and

vulnerable childre

 Monitoring for services and commodities

 Evaluation of activities for orphans and vulnerable children

CONTACT INFORMATION 

Academy for Educational Development

(AED)/Kenya: 

Jael Mararu 

Telephone: 254-56-30386

(aed@africaonline.co.ke,

jmararu@yahoo.com) 

AED/Washington:

Diane Lusk (dlusk@aed.org)

USAID/Kenya:

Jerusha Karuthiru (jkaruthiru@usaid.gov)

Cheryl Sonnichsen (csonnichsen@usaid.gov)

USAID/Washington:

Sam Kahn (skahn@usaid.gov)

42

Africa

Kenya

COUNTRY: 

Kenya

PROJECT:

Teso Child Survival Project

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

World Vision International

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

September 2001-September 2006

USAID AMOUNT:

$1,295,302 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
 Training of village health committee members and community health workers on

child survival initiatives to prevent serious illnesses among vulnerable children with

limited access to health facilities

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Provided 430 free mosquito nets to orphans

and other vulnerable children through

caregivers identified during social marketing training courses and to orphanages 

 Distributed gifts such as clothes to orphans

through groups that identify them

 Trained 12 health workers on psychosocial

support methods to support caregivers and

orphans

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Scale up activities for orphans and vulnerable children through PMTCT programming

CONTACT INFORMATION

World Vision/ Kenya:

Dr Francis N Muu

National Health Coordinator, WVK

P. O. Box 50816

Nairobi, Kenya

Tel: 254-2-883652-6

Mobile 254-722-777121/254-721-215234

Fax: 254-2-883669

E-mail: francis_muu@wvi.org

World Vision/Washington, D.C.:

Peggy McLaughlin

(pmclaugh@worldvision.org)

USAID/Kenya:

Cheryl Sonnichsen (csonnichsen@usaid.gov)

USAID/Washington: 

Susan Youll (syoull@usiad.gov)

Africa

43 Kenya
PURPOSE

The project aims to achieve the following:

 Reduce mortality and morbidity among

children aged less than 5 years and

women of childbearing age

 Strengthen capacity of the Synod of

Livingstonia primary health care staff in

implementing child survival interventions 

 Empower communities to address their

health issues

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 58,824 orphans and vulnerable children

have been provided services.

 218 care groups have been assisted.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

The project will undergo its final evaluation in

July 2004.

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

Best practices (care group structure, health

innovations, health information system, curriculum development, training modules)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Community mobilization

 Community-based training

 Mentoring

 Monitoring and evaluation

CONTACT INFORMATION

World Relief: 

Sandress Msiska (sandressmsiska@malawi.net)

USAID/Washington:

Susan Youll (syoull@usaid.gov)

44 Africa

Malawi

COUNTRY:

Malawi

PROJECT:

Child Survival Program

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: World Relief

Grantee: Church of Central Africa

Presbyterian Synod of Livingstonia

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2000-September 2004 

USAID AMOUNT:

$823,389 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
PURPOSE

FHI is supporting the development of an

integrated home-based care program for

chronically sick persons and for orphans and

other vulnerable children to be implemented

in Malawi’s central and southern regions. In

July 2002, FHI conducted an initial rapid

assessment. From the assessment results, FHI

and USAID identified the five districts of

Blantyre, Chikwawa, Dowa, Mangochi, and

Nsanje in which to implement the integrated

home-based care/orphans and vulnerable

children program. A subsequent assessment

was carried out in November 2002 to identify

and determine the capacity of potential

implementing partners, to explore avenues

for enhancing coordination and collaboration, and to strengthen referrals to the

health system.

Care and support will be provided to more

than 5,000 chronically ill people and to at

least 10,000 children drawn from these households and others considered vulnerable in the

community.

Interventions will include:

 Providing psychosocial support 

 Training volunteers and care committees in

management and support skills for orphans

and vulnerable children

 Equipping volunteers and providing

them with incentives

 Supporting children’s education

 Supporting and strengthening client

referrals

 Developing linkages with formal health

care facilities and other service providers

In addition, the project will enhance coordination and monitoring of community care activities for the chronically sick and orphans and

vulnerable children by working closely with

existing supportive structures.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Between October 2003 and March 2004, the

following achievements were realized: 

 5,453 orphans and vulnerable children

(4,318 of them orphans) received support.

The care provided included counseling

support for 1,709 children, first-time

Africa

Malawi 45

COUNTRY:

Malawi

PROJECT:

Home-Based Care for Chronically Sick People

and Care for Orphans and Other Vulnerable

Children

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantees: The Salvation Army; Light House;

Word Alive Ministries; Trinity; Friends of AIDS

Trust; Family Health Education Care and

Counseling; Namwera AIDS Counseling

Centre; Mponela AIDS information and

Counseling Center

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2002-September 2006

USAID AMOUNT:

$6,500,000 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
placement of 332 children in schools, 43

referrals for health care, vocational skill

training for 40 children, and food support

for 2,756 children.

 122 community mobilization events/meetings were held to sensitize the community

on orphans and vulnerable children issues.

 89 community initiative groups (eight

orphans and vulnerable care committees,

eight community AIDS care committees, 69

village AIDS care committees, and four

NGOs) received training.

 12 home-based care service providers

underwent training of trainers.

 164 community volunteers received

training.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Provide technical assistance to Ministry of

Gender and Community Services to review

the training manual for orphans and vulnerable children

 Provide more comprehensive services and

increase coverage

 Strengthen an integrated approach to providing services

 Increase material assistance to orphans

and vulnerable children through linkages

and referrals, particularly for food and nutrition support and educational materials

 Conduct a baseline assessment of homebased care for orphans and vulnerable

children in the catchment areas of the

implementing partners

 Conduct refresher training for implementing

partners and government partners in

home-based care for orphans and vulnerable children and monitoring and evaluation

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

The following project materials and tools are

available and can be accessed at the

addresses listed:

 FHI/Malawi Home-Based Care and Support

to Orphans and Vulnerable Children –

Assessment, July-August 2002 (FHI Malawi,

Arwa House, Box 30455, Lilongwe 3, Malawi

(ckay-saccur@FHI.ORG)

 Developing a Comprehensive Monitoring

and Evaluation Work Plan for HIV/AIDS and

STIs, 2003 (National AIDS Commission of

Malawi, Box 30362 Lilongwe 3, Malawi

[nac@aidsmalawi.org.mw])

 Training Manual on Orphan Care (Ministry

of Gender and Community Services,

Private Bag 330, Lilongwe, Malawi)

 National Policy on Orphans and Vulnerable

Children (Ministry of Gender and

Community Services, Private Bag 330,

Lilongwe, Malawi)

 Best Practices on Community-Based Care

for Orphans (Ministry of Gender and

Community Services, Private Bag 330,

Lilongwe, Malawi)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

FHI technical officers can provide training in

home-based care and interventions for

orphans and vulnerable children that include

program design, community and resource

mobilization, psychosocial support for affected households, proposal writing, and monitoring and evaluation.

46

Africa

Malawi
PURPOSE

The project aims to enhance food access for

orphans, other vulnerable children, and

households by providing food rations to

households with persons living with HIV/AIDS

and families caring for orphans and other vulnerable children. The project is being implemented in 42 villages in Phalombe and 42 villages in Chikwawa. Staff help identify and verify vulnerable households, individuals, and

orphan care committees. Agriculture development facilitators and growth-monitoring volunteers select the eligible vulnerable children

and monitor their nutritional status. 

The overall goal is to improve access to food

and increase the feeding and care of children

and sick adults infected and affected by

HIV/AIDS through community-based care

organizations. The objectives are to:

 Increase adoption of child care

practices by guardians and families caring

for orphans

 Increase community participation in

providing for destitute children and

vulnerable groups

 Increase the self-reliance of older orphans

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 The project has provided rations to 4,382

orphans aged 5 and under; 3,657 orphans

aged 6 to 18; and 9,095 other vulnerable

children (612 of whom are chronically ill).

 6,000 households have participated in agricultural production activities; demonstration plots have been established; and 98

communal gardens have been established

in both Phalombe and Chikwawa.

CONTACT INFORMATION

FHI/Malawi:

Margaret Kaseje (mkaseje@fhi.africaonline.net)

FHI/Virginia:

Ken Sklaw (ksklaw@fhi.org)

Moses Dombo (mdombo@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/Malawi:

Elise Jensen (ejensen@usaid.gov)

Alfred Chirwa (achirwa@usaid.gov)

Mexon Nyirongo (mnyirongo@usaid.gov)

Africa

Malawi 47

COUNTRY:

Malawi

PROJECT:

Safety Net

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Catholic Relief Services (CRS)

Grantee: Catholic Development Commission

in Malawi

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

February 2000-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$14,309,000 (total for five-year program)
 27 local community-based artisans

received training in various skills (carpentry,

metal sheet work, pottery, bakery) and

then trained 328 older orphans in specific

skills; another 530 older orphans will also

receive this training.

 170 growth-monitoring volunteers have

been trained, and training has begun for

volunteer caregivers for established child

care centers.

 Community-based child care centers

have been established in 40 localities.

 86 community organizations received

support.

 2,233 orphans are attending school, a 5.6%

increase from last year.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Consolidate child survival/health and

Safety Net linkage

 Support vocational training for eligible

orphans and other vulnerable children

 Consolidate activities in early childhood

development centers and communitybased child care centers

 Consolidate agriculture and Safety Net

linkage 

 Consolidate use of graduation criteria for

beneficiaries

 Support collaboration linkages with other

development stakeholders, such as the

ministries of gender and community services; youth; agriculture, irrigation, and food

security; and community services

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Project indicators

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Linking agriculture and natural resource

management

 Supporting community initiatives

 Supporting establishment and capacity

building of CBOs

 Strengthening community mobilization

 Monitoring health care, nutrition, and

growth

 Distributing food to vulnerable households

 Strengthening agricultural productivity

CONTACT INFORMATION

Catholic Relief Services (CRS)/Malawi:

Hanna Dagnachew (hdadnachew@crsmalawi.org)

Tel: 265-175-5534

USAID/Washington:

Cathy Brown (cabrown@usaid.gov)

USAID/Malawi:

Alfred Chirwa (achirwa@usaid.gov)

Mexon Nyirongo (mnyirongo@usaid.gov)

Elise Jensen (ejensen@usaid.gov)

48

Africa

Malawi
PURPOSE

The Foundation for Community Development,

a Mozambican organization, implements a

community-based HIV/AIDS prevention and

care program in the Maputo transport corridor

(Maputo City, and Maputo, Gaza, and

Inhambane provinces). The Mozambican government’s National Strategic Plan for

Combating HIV/AIDS gives priority to the transport corridors. 

The overall project focuses primarily on prevention, but activities to address the needs of

people living with HIV/AIDS and orphans and

vulnerable children are included as an integral part of impact mitigation. Under the

umbrella of the Kuhluvuka project, the care

and support initiative for orphans and other

vulnerable children started in June 2002. The

intervention emphasizes establishing community involvement to identify and address the

needs of orphans and other vulnerable children and mobilizing community leaders to initiate support programs for those infected and

affected. 

The Foundation, in collaboration with the

Ministry of Women and Social Action, has

completed a comprehensive orphans and

vulnerable children strategy. The strategy

focuses on meeting the needs of orphans and

vulnerable children in five major areas – education, citizenship, nutrition, health, and psychosocial support.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Signed four subgrants that are providing

psychosocial support to identified orphans

and vulnerable children and extended

families; will mobilize communities to

register children as citizens, thus enabling

free or subsidized access to education and

health care

 Completed an orphans and vulnerable

children strategy

 Initiated four pilot projects along the

Maputo transport corridor

 Completed mapping and identification of

orphans and vulnerable children

 Designed community initiatives to meet

needs of 1,400 in health, nutrition, and

health care

 Through the Anglican Church, established

a vocational training center for youth

that particularly targets orphans and

vulnerable children

Africa 49

Mozambique

COUNTRY:

Mozambique

PROJECT:

Maputo Corridor AIDS Prevention Project,

Kuhluvuka – Corridor of Hope

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

Foundation for Community Development

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2001-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$365,000
 IEC campaigns are well under way,

focusing primarily on personal and social

behavior change, with orphans and

vulnerable children one of the campaigns’

target groups

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Conduct research, analysis, and needs

assessments to identify the best approaches to meet the needs of orphans and vulnerable children in the corridor or its segments

 Develop and implement an education

strategy for orphans and vulnerable

children

 Develop a community mobilization strategy

that includes leadership mobilization and

psychosocial response

 Provide training to community leaders,

organization staff, and orphans to enable

them to be peer leaders and to deliver

specific products and services

 Carry out research, coordinated with community-based partners and government,

on the number and situation of orphaned

children to inform the national strategy for

orphans and vulnerable children

 Build the capacity of communities to recognize solutions that meet the needs of

orphans and vulnerable children and help

communities meet those needs

 Sensitize communities to reduce the stigma

associated with HIV/AIDS and ignorance

about HIV/AIDS

 Expand vocational training for youth, with a

special emphasis on orphans and vulnerable children

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS 

 Educational materials for youth are available in a variety of formats

 IEC materials, both mass media and direct,

under development, including materials to

raise awareness among the general population about the plight of orphans and vulnerable children

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Organizational capacity building

 Design of a comprehensive orphans and

vulnerable children strategy

 Monitoring and evaluation

 Community mobilization

CONTACT INFORMATION

Foundation for Community Development:

Eduarda Cipriano (educipriano@fdc.org.mz)

USAID/Mozambique:

Carol Culler (cculler@usaid.gov)

50

Africa

Mozambique
PURPOSE

To expand and enhance current HIV/AIDS

activities in Zambezia and Sofala provinces

over a 15-month period by:

 Improving the quality of life and resilience

of orphans and vulnerable children

 Improving the quality of health and life of

HIV-infected people and their families

 Reducing HIV transmission and improving

treatment referrals by increasing access to

VCT services

 Reducing mother-to-child HIV transmission 

RITA will mobilize and train community care

coalitions to assume the principal responsibility

for the well-being of their children, working

through home visitors to identify, monitor, protect, and provide material, spiritual and psychosocial support to orphans and vulnerable

children in the community. The coalitions and

visitors will provide home-based care and psychosocial support to chronically ill persons in

the community. 

Quantitative goals include:

 206 community care coalitions established

 2,474 home visitors trained

 24,735 orphans and vulnerable children

provided with care and support 

 4,811 persons living with HIV/AIDS provided

with care and support

 149 home-based care activists trained

 1,945 referrals to VCT centers

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

The project staff have been hired and

trained, and community-based activities

have just begun.

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Guide for Mobilizing and Strengthening

Community-Led OVC Care (a global World

Vision resource used by RITA)

CONTACT INFORMATION 

World Vision/United States:

Mark Vander Vort

markvandervort@worldvision.org 

World Vision/Mozambique: 

Dr. OmoOlorun Olupona

Phone (258) 1 350 600

omoolorun_olupona@wvi.org 

51

Africa

Mozambique

COUNTRY:

Mozambique

PROJECT:

RITA (Reduced Impact and Transmission of

HIV/AIDS)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: World Vision International 

Grantee: Development Aid from People to

People/Mozambique

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

January 2004-April 2005 

USAID AMOUNT:

$3,800,001 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS) 
PURPOSE

This project works to improve the safety, living

conditions, well-being, and prospects for the

increasing number of orphans and other vulnerable children and their families in the

provinces of Sofala and Manica in central

Mozambique. It aims to strengthen locally

appropriate psychosocial, educational,

health, and nutritional support and to

enhance the economic and social inclusion of

the children and their families, thereby raising

their social status. 

The purpose of the program is to:

 Mobilize and strengthen the capacity of

local CBOs, FBOs, and other NGOs to facilitate community responses to orphans and

other vulnerable children and to integrate

services for orphans and vulnerable children into existing prevention and care

activities

 Establish community involvement to identify

and address the needs of orphans and vulnerable children and mobilize community

leaders to initiate support programs for

those infected and affected

 Scale up support for orphans and vulnerable children by identifying additional partners for program implementation

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Develop and implement an education

strategy for orphans and vulnerable children to include local and national advocacy, a drop-in center, and exemption from

school-related expenses

 Improve the quality of health and nutrition

of orphans and vulnerable children through

more comprehensive home-based care

training and services

 Improve the psychosocial well being of

orphans and vulnerable children

 Raise community awareness of HIV/AIDS

and of care and impact mitigation

World Vision/Africa Regional:

Martha Holley Newsome 

Phone (27) 11 375 4645

martha_newsome@wvi.org

USAID/Mozambique:

Carol Culler (cculler@usaid.gov)

52

Africa

COUNTRY:

Mozambique

PROJECT:

Strengthening Community Responses to

Orphans and Vulnerable Children

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: International HIV/AIDS Alliance

Grantees: Kubatsirana; Ajúda Mútua (Mutual

Help); Associação Nacional para o 

Desenvolvimento Auto-Sustentável (National

Association for Sustainable Development) 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

October 2003-June 2004

USAID AMOUNT: 

$400,000 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS) 

Mozambique
PURPOSE

Assistance will be provided through a twopronged approach. First, technical assistance

will be provided to the Ministry of Women and

Coordination of Social Action (the ministry

responsible for orphans and vulnerable children) to help Mozambique establish a coherent and effective national response to the

growing number of orphans and vulnerable

children. Actions to be taken include: 

 Conducting a participatory situation analysis to clarify the current and projected challenges

 Reviewing policy and legislation relevant to

safeguarding children’s property and inheritance rights

 Developing a national action plan, with

estimated costs, to assist orphans and vulnerable children

 Facilitate the scaling up of activities for

orphans and vulnerable children

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Capacity building in organizational, managerial, and institutional development

 Community mobilization

 Capacity building of peer educators and

home-based caregivers

 Linking care and prevention

CONTACT INFORMATION 

International HIV/AIDS Alliance: 

David Smith, Program Officer: East and

Southern Africa

Tel: +44-1273-718936

dsmith@aidsalliance.org 

www.aidsalliance.org

International HIV/AIDS Alliance Mozambique:

Santos Alfredo Nassivila, Country Program

Manager, 

Tel: +258 3 311 845, Fax: +258 3 311 849

salfredo@alliancemoz.org 

USAID/Washington: 

Ron MacInnis (rmacinnis@usaid.gov)

USAID/Mozambique:

Carol Culler (cculler@usaid.gov)

Karen Shelley (kshelley@usaid.gov)

Africa

Mozambique 53

COUNTRY:

Mozambique

PROJECT:

Technical Support to Accelerate the Planning

for and Expansion of Orphan and Vulnerable

Children Support Services to Mozambique 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION(s): 

To be determined

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

May 2004-September 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$750,000 
 Establishing a national system to monitor

coverage and quality of services provision

to vulnerable children

At the same time, grant support will be

provided to one or more NGOs to expand

support services to reach additional children

and strengthen the ability of CBOs and FBOs

to sustain services for orphans and vulnerable

children.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

The Ministry of Women and Coordination of

Social Action uses its National Action Plan for

orphans and vulnerable children to prioritize

and implement government services to these

children and to obtain support from donors for

those priorities for which governmental funds

are not available.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Complete situation analysis

 Review policy and legislation relevant to

protecting children’s rights

 Develop a national action plan with estimated costs and begin implementation to

assist orphans and vulnerable children in

selected provinces

 Develop national guidelines for training volunteers in providing services for orphans

and vulnerable children

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Situation analysis – to be available around

December 2004

 National orphans and vulnerable children

action plan with estimated costs – to be

available around March 2005

 Policy documents for orphans and vulnerable children in Mozambique – to be available around June 2005

 Guidelines for service provisions for orphans

and vulnerable children – to be available

around September 2005

CONTACT INFORMATION 

Ministry of Women and Coordination of Social

Action:

Joel Calaso, Chief of Planning, Studies and

Social Development (jccalaso@hotmail.com)

USAID/Mozambique: 

Carol Culler (cculler@usaid.gov)

54

Africa

Mozambique
PURPOSE

The goal of Tshembeka Mobilizing for Care is

to strengthen households affected by

HIV/AIDS through community home care and

to support and equip church-based volunteers to mitigate suffering and provide a productive future for families affected by AIDS,

orphans, and other vulnerable children. World

Relief will augment these efforts with smallscale economic strengthening projects and

limited food security programs. 

Core components of the strategy include

strengthening the capacity of extended families, wide-scale community response through

churches, and helping families proactively

address the impacts of AIDS in order to

reduce the effects of AIDS on children. 

The project will support children affected by

HIV/AIDS through:

 Preparations for the death of a parent and

proactive planning for the care of children

 Crisis intervention and counseling for the

orphan surrounding the death of a parent

 The development of an enhancing environment and family support system for surviving children

The project aims to meet the following

objectives:

 Strengthen the capacity of 860 churches to

develop and implement their own support

program for families affected by HIV/AIDS

 Make bimonthly, weekly, or daily (depending on need) visits to 12,900 families affected by AIDS using 4,300 church volunteers

and provide basic care and food security

assistance when possible

 Engage 860 churches in identifying children

whose families are vulnerable to the

impact of AIDS and who live within a 2 kilometer radius of a church and support them

through family, church, and community

volunteers 

 Mobilizing Youth for Life activity – Involve

youth through community churches and

schools to visit families and orphans affected by AIDS, help support the families, and

aid them in guiding their own decisions to

choose and maintain an AIDS-free life

Activities will be conducted in the three

provinces of Maputo, Gaza, and Inhambane.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS 

Activities were recently funded. 

55

Africa

Mozambique

COUNTRY:

Mozambique

PROJECT:

Tshembeka Mobilizing for Care

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION: 

World Relief

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

January 2004-March 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$1,998,704
PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

Over the next 12 months, the Tshembeka

Mobilizing for Care project will engage 860

churches and 4,300 volunteers in 43 sites. The

project will build upon previous efforts of mobilizing over 350 churches in Gaza, Inhambane,

and Maputo. Volunteer sustainability will be

strengthened through integrating training and

care for volunteers into church programs, supporting churches in publicly recognizing their

volunteers, and encouraging participation by

volunteers, animators, and pastors in a food

security project. 

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Living Hope for Africa: The Church

Responds to the AIDS crisis (Chaangan,

Portuguese) – Interactive video to mobilize

church action in AIDS, including section

specifically addressing orphans

 Choose Life (Portuguese) – Youth manual

 Hope at Home (Chaangan, Portuguese) –

Home care manual for low-literacy groups

 Our Children (Portuguese) – Manual for

church-based orphan support, companion

to home care manual

 Tsembeka (Chaangan, Portuguese) – Story

brochure for workplace

 Helpers for a Healing Community

(Chaangan, Portuguese) – Pastoral counseling manual

 Facing AIDS Together (Portuguese,

Chaangan-questions only) – Interactive

training curriculum for community banks

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Materials development

 Community mobilization

 Home-based care

CONTACT INFORMATION 

Project:

Country Director, World Relief Mozambique –

Samuel M. Grottis (sgrottis@wr.org) 

HIV/AIDS Director, World Relief Mozambique –

Joaquina Nhanala (jnhanala@wr.org) 

USAID/Mozambique: Carol Culler

(cculler@usaid.gov)

56

Africa

Mozambique
PURPOSE

Through technical support to the Ministry of

Women’s Affairs and Child Welfare, the project aims to:

 Inform key stakeholders about the complexity of the issues associated with

orphans and vulnerable children

 Strengthen networks, linkages, and multisectoral alliances to create a more

enabling environment to plan for the needs

of orphans and vulnerable children at the

national level

 Assist with implementing the goals of the

United Nations General Assembly Special

Session on HIV/AIDS

 Increase responsive programming for

orphans and vulnerable children

 Establish regular quality assessments of programs for orphans and vulnerable children

To achieve these aims, the project will help

the Ministry of Women’s Affairs and Child

Welfare develop and implement a national

plan of action for children supported by the

orphans and vulnerable children permanent

task force. Assistance will be offered to

encourage the placement of a technical

advisor for orphans and vulnerable children in

the Ministry and the establishment of subcommittees for orphans and vulnerable children

and child development. Additional technical

assistance will be provided to improve the

program management capacity of key stakeholders, including NGOs and FBOs. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 The national policy on orphans and vulnerable children was completed and

endorsed by the Ministry of Women Affairs

and Child Welfare.

 Piloting of the national orphans and vulnerable children monitoring and evaluation

toolkit was completed.

 The national orphans and vulnerable children trust fund is in operation.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Endorsement of the national policy on

orphans and vulnerable children by the

Cabinet and Parliament

Africa 57

Namibia

COUNTRY:

Namibia

PROJECT:

Assistance to Government Ministries for

National Plan of Action for Children

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT 

Grantees: Ministry of Women’s Affairs and

Child Welfare; Ministry of Health and Social

Services

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

September 2002-March 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$425,000
PURPOSE

The project focuses on preventing and mitigating HIV/AIDS in the workplace in Namibia

and on reducing the vulnerability of children

by addressing discrimination and promoting a

human rights-based approach to HIV/AIDS.

The project works to establish a legal and

social environment that encourages openness

about HIV infection in which people with

HIV/AIDS receive fair and equitable treatment

from society.

 Implementation of the national policy on

orphans and vulnerable children

 Official national launch and

implementation of the national monitoring

and evaluation toolkit for orphans and

vulnerable children

 Implementation of a national identification

system for orphans and vulnerable children

 Third national conference on orphans and

vulnerable children

 Tracking usage of the monitoring and evaluation tool

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 National policy on orphans and vulnerable

children

 Toolkit on monitoring and evaluation

of activities for orphans and vulnerable

children

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Technical assistance for training

 Technical assistance for IEC materials

CONTACT INFORMATION

FHI/Namibia:

Rose De Buysscher (rose@fhi.org.na)

Tel: 264-61-239463

FHI/Virginia:

Sara Bowsky (sbowsky@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/Namibia:

C. Kirk Lazell (klazell@usaid.gov)

58

Africa

Namibia

COUNTRY:

Namibia

PROJECT:

Human Rights and Legal Support for Orphans

and Vulnerable Children and People Living

With HIV/AIDS

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: AIDS Law Unit-Legal Assistance

Centre

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

April 2001-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$273,767 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
The project addresses issues of discrimination

and other rights issues pertaining to HIV/AIDS

on a number of levels including litigation,

research, policy formulation, education,

advocacy (with a view toward placing

HIV/AIDS on the agenda as a human rights

issue), and the provision of free basic client

services in terms of legal advice and assistance to people with HIV/AIDS.

The project operates a legal advice clinic for

people living with and affected by HIV/AIDS

at the offices of Catholic AIDS Action in

Katutura. Attendance at the clinic is consistent. The main issues addressed include the

drafting of wills, maintenance, and social

security claims; insurance; unprofessional conduct on the part of medical practitioners,

including breaches of confidentiality; and

adoption. The clinic also serves as an important referral agency for problems that are not

of a legal nature.

The AIDS Law Unit works closely with other

AIDS service organizations in Namibia, including, under this project, Catholic AIDS Action,

AIDS Care Trust, and organizations of people

living with HIV/AIDS such as Lironga Eparu. The

project provides to staff members of these

and other organizations training on inheritance, writing wills, basic rights, and access to

benefits and entitlements.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 The AIDS Law Unit was instrumental in assisting the ministries of education (higher and

basic education) with the consultative

process and the development of a new

national policy on HIV/AIDS for the entire

education sector. The new policy reinforces

the constitutional right to free primary education and provides information on obtaining a waiver of school development fees

for orphans and vulnerable children. 

 The AIDS Law Unit led the process of

developing a national policy on orphans

and vulnerable children with the Ministry of

Women’s Affairs and Child Welfare. The

policy has been finalized and approved by

the Minister of Women Affairs and Child

Welfare and will be presented to the

Cabinet shortly.

 The project trained 1,106 community paralegals, community volunteers, and peer

educators on the rights of orphans and

vulnerable children and will writing.

 The project helped 231 orphans and

vulnerable children get access to benefits

through the free legal clinic. 

 The project hosted a preparatory meeting

for Namibian AIDS service organizations,

NGOs, and other civil society representatives for the United Nations General

Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Disseminate and provide training on

the national orphans and vulnerable

children policy

 Review new legislation relating to child protection to ensure that the vulnerability of

children and young people in the context

of the epidemic is adequately addressed

 Engage in research and advocacy in order

to address the underlying socioeconomic

causes that fuel vulnerability to HIV

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Guide to the Namibian HIV/AIDS Charter

of Rights

 A publication on inheritance and wills

Africa

Namibia 59
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to increase the wellbeing of orphans and other vulnerable children by building the capacity of communities

to provide psychosocial support via youth volunteers. Project staff developed a psychosocial support curriculum and training services

for home-based care volunteers and teachers

in Namibia. Based on this expertise, the Philippi

Trust will expand training and the curriculum to

teach youth to provide support and care to

orphans and vulnerable children in their communities. Staff work with existing youth groups

and churches to increase involvement in help-

 A publication on HIV and pregnancy

 A pamphlet, T-shirts, and a series of posters

on HIV treatment literacy

 Training pamphlets on HIV/AIDS in the workplace, HIV/AIDS insurance, social benefits,

and the rights of children orphaned by or

living with HIV/AIDS

 Pocket-size guide HIV/AIDS in the

Workplace

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Capacity building in proposal writing;

planning; advocacy skills; HIV, human

rights, and workplace policies; and policy

formulation;

 HIV and human rights in the region and

facilitating South-South exchanges of

expertise in this area

CONTACT INFORMATION

AIDS Law Unit-Legal Assistance Centre:

Michaela Clayton (mclayton@lac.org.na)

Tel: 264-61-223356

FHI/Namibia:

Paul Pope (paul@fhi.org.na)

Rose De Buysscher (rose@fhi.org.na)

Tel: 264-61-239463

FHI/Virginia:

Sara Bowsky (sbowsky@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/Namibia:

Kirk Lazell (klazell@usaid.gov)

60

Africa

Namibia

COUNTRY:

Namibia

PROJECT:

Psychosocial Support Training for Orphans

and Other Vulnerable Children

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Philippi Trust, Namibia

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

November 2002-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$88,000
ing vulnerable children in their communities

through experiential learning camps.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Conducted nine listening and responding

workshops for 265 young people 

 Conducted four psychosocial support training workshops for 60 group leaders 

 Conducted seven experiential learning

camps for 465 orphans and vulnerable

children

 Established eleven kids clubs

 Held a focus group discussion on the

impact of loss

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES:

 Conduct three more listening and responding workshops

 Conduct two more psychosocial support

workshops for group leaders

 Conduct three more experiential learning

camps for orphans and vulnerable children

 Establish 12 additional kids clubs by group

leaders

 Translate the youth curriculum into two

local languages and make it available for

use by other agencies

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Psychosocial support curriculum for youth

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Psychosocial support training for orphans

and other vulnerable children

 General counseling training (certificate to

diploma level) and specialist counseling

training in addictions and sexual abuse

 Training in supervision for experienced

counselors to enable them to supervise

other counselors

 Training of trainers in counseling and homebased care

 Counseling training in HIV prevention for

church leaders

CONTACT INFORMATION 

Philippi Trust Namibia:

Marianne Olivier (philippi@mweb.com.na)

FHI/Namibia:

Rose De Buysscher (rose@fhi.org.na)

Tel: 264-61-239463

FHI/Virginia:

Sara Bowsky (sbowsky@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779

USAID/Namibia:

C. Kirk Lazell (klazell@usaid.gov)

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

Africa

Namibia 61
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to address the issues

of abuse of and sexual violence against children. LifeLine/Childline is implementing a

child-focused program to complement its

existing counseling and hotline services. The

project aims to break the cycle of trauma,

specifically violence, to children through a

program focusing on children of primary

school age and involving adults, including

committed teachers and parents.

The program teaches children about sexual

assault and abuse and how to prevent them

from happening, and gives children the skills

to respond to unwanted sexual approaches

and deal with strangers. It also teaches children about HIV/AIDS and sexuality before they

become sexually active. In addition, lay counselors and teachers are trained to recognize

abused children and provide them with initial

support and counseling and then refer them

to specialized counselors and child protection

services when needed.

The project works to improve the access of

vulnerable and abused children to special

counseling and other services in line with the

International Convention on the Rights of the

Child. LifeLine/Childline also seeks to increase

the capacity of the communities covered by

the school program to address the needs

of children at risk of, or traumatized by,

sexual assault. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Reached more than 62,700 schoolchildren

in the past five years in eight regions, with

USAID funding directly affecting approximately 23,700 of these children over the

past two years

 Visited 338 classes in more than 61 schools

with the drama program as of March 2003,

reaching an average of 5,900 children per

quarter, with all children receiving promotional items

 Reached teachers at 15 different schools

with a seven-hour teacher workshop to provide them with the skills necessary to identify and support traumatized children

 Referred 32 children for child therapy with

various therapists in the Oshana, Erongo,

Khomas, and Hardap regions, some of

whom will receive several months of therapy to support the healing process

 Fully trained 106 lay counselors by March

2004, with more to graduate in the coming

months (average time for fully training one

lay counselor approximately nine months) 

62

Africa

Namibia

COUNTRY:

Namibia

PROJECT:

School Program for the Prevention of

Violence, Sexual Abuse, and HIV/AIDS

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: LifeLine/Childline

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

February 2002-December 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$171,789 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
PURPOSE

The objective of the project is to ensure that

orphaned and vulnerable children succeed in

school. The project goals are to promote full

school participation for identified orphaned

and vulnerable children (with emphasis on

increasing the educational opportunities for

girls) and to provide psychosocial and other

kinds of support in four regions in Namibia

where Catholic AIDS Action has ongoing

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Video film Feeling Yes, Feeling No

 IEC materials for children (collectors cards)

on issues of protection and the rights of

children

 CD-ROM version of radio production of

Feeling Yes, Feeling No program

 Teacher workshop curriculum on basic

care for traumatized children and support

strategies to identify and support

traumatized children

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Training for lay people to become counselors through a three-phase training

course (Phase One focuses on personal

growth and awareness, Phase Two focuses

on basic counseling skills, and Phase Three

provides hands-on practical training)

 Identifying and supporting traumatized children through teacher workshops that provide basic tools

CONTACT INFORMATION

LifeLine/Childline:

Amanda Kruger (llinenam@mweb.com.na)

Tel: 264-61-226889

FHI/Namibia:

Paul Pope (paul@fhi.org.na)

Rose De Buysscher (rose@fhi.org.na)

Tel: 264-61-239463

FHI/Virginia:

Sara Bowsky (sbowsky@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/Namibia:

C. Kirk Lazell (klazell@usaid.gov)

Africa

Namibia 63

COUNTRY:

Namibia

PROJECT:

Schooled for Success: Promoting Full School

Participation by Orphans and Other

Vulnerable Children

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Catholic AIDS Action

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

May 2001-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$486,229
home-based care programs. Through positive

relationships with local school personnel and

lay leaders, fee waivers have been obtained

from all primary schools serving the children.

Those who are most needy also receive

school uniforms and supplies in partnership

with a local retailer. After-school clubs with

supplemental feeding have been formed in

seven locations across the country. 

Catholic AIDS Action has expanded the function of its home-based care program volunteers to include identification and registration

of needy orphans and vulnerable children.

Volunteers are trained to use a simple questionnaire and a request-for-assistance form.

The project works closely with the Ministry of

Women’s Affairs and Child Welfare, the

Ministry of Basic Education, Sport, and Culture,

other line ministries, church groups, and NGOs

on the national and regional levels involved

with orphans and vulnerable children.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 8,442 orphans and vulnerable children registered as needy in the four regions have

received support (only orphans and other

vulnerable children who are considered

needy are registered).

 176 school-age orphans and vulnerable

children who never attended school are

now attending.

 4,170 orphans and vulnerable children

have received school uniforms or assistance.

 8,442 orphans and vulnerable children

have benefited from psychosocial support.

 Volunteer assessment of the needs of

orphans and vulnerable children has been

completed.

 The orphans and other vulnerable children

household data form has been finalized

and implemented.

 In close collaboration with FHI, USAID, other

NGOs, and the Namibian government,

Catholic AIDS Action developed and pilottested a monitoring and evaluation system

which will be of use to the government and

NGOs working to support orphans and vulnerable children in Namibia.

 Seven two-week training-of-trainers

courses were held for representatives from

across the country on the psychosocial

needs of orphans and vulnerable children.

An extra week of training was provided for

people without extensive background in

HIV/AIDS issues.

 Community-level training in psychosocial

support is being implemented countrywide.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Hold additional training-of-trainers workshops in Namibia for Catholic AIDS Action

and other NGO staff and volunteers

 Begin planning a program to train senior

learners as assistants on psychosocial issues

 Provide psychosocial training to all volunteers (more than 1,600) and to hostel staff

at church-affiliated schools

 Expand training in HIV prevention, health

education, and the rights and needs of

orphans and other vulnerable children to

teachers, volunteers, and community leaders in all regions

 Based on the availability of legal assistance

training programs, train selected volunteers

as community paralegals 

64

Africa

Namibia
PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Orphans and other vulnerable children

household data form

 Handbook on child resilience in three

languages

 Children’s storybook on the constitutional

right to free primary education in three

languages

 Psychosocial training curriculum in three

languages

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise and written

materials to other projects for orphans and

vulnerable children in the following areas:

 Home-based counseling and care

 Organizational structure and training

 Training in psychosocial support

 Care for caregivers

CONTACT INFORMATION

Catholic AIDS Action/Namibia:

Fr. Rick Bauer, M.M. (rick@caa.org.na)

Tel: 264-61-259-847

FHI/Namibia:

Rose De Buysscher, Country Director

(rose@fhi.org.na)

Tel: 264-61-239463

FHI/Virginia:

Sara Bowsky (sbowsky@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/Namibia:

C. Kirk Lazell (klazell@usaid.gov)

Africa

Namibia 65
PURPOSE

The goal of FHI Nigeria’s orphans and other

vulnerable children work is to improve the

quality of life and promote and protect the

well-being of orphans and other vulnerable

children. As a follow up to the orphans and

vulnerable children situation analysis and

mobilization process conducted in 2001, FHI

developed sub-agreements to provide programmatic and technical support to three

indigenous FBOs in Ilesha, Osun State; Onitsha,

Anambra State; and Abakaliki, Ebonyi State.

The goal is to strengthen and expand efforts in

mobilizing support for the well-being of

orphans and other vulnerable children and

their families. 

One strategy to achieve improved well-being

of orphans and vulnerable children is advocacy and the mobilization of key influential community leaders and policymakers to increase

their involvement as partners in programming.

Another strategy is technical capacity building to provide more effective assistance to

orphans and vulnerable children and their

families in the areas of home-based care, psychosocial support, improved access to education, and protection. 

FHI is working with local stakeholders to

establish working groups to build their

capacity to advocate and coordinate

activities within their geographic catchment

areas for the needs of orphans and vulnerable

children. Working groups include representatives from state and local governments, local

communities, the religious sector, the private

sector, NGOs and associations/groups of

persons living with HIV/AIDS groups. Specific

activities include:

 Conducting advocacy visits and meetings

with community leaders and policymakers

to ensure policies are adequately addressing the needs of orphans and vulnerable

children

 Intensifying community resource mobilization efforts with community members, government, and the private sector to increase

community resources for orphans and vulnerable children and ownership of activities

 Establishing and strengthening community

and parish committees to support orphans

and vulnerable children

66 Africa

Nigeria

COUNTRY:

Nigeria

PROJECT:

Orphans and Vulnerable Children Project

Implementation

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantees: Justice, Development and Peace

of the Catholic Archdiocese of Onitsha,

Anambra State; Methodist Care Ministry,

Abakaliki, Ebonyi State; Methodist Women’s

Fellowship, Ilesha, Osun State

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

FY 2001-2007

USAID AMOUNT:

$500,000
 Increasing capacity of local NGOs, CBOs,

FBOs, and local government stakeholders

to deliver quality support to orphans and

other vulnerable children

 Increased access to education, psychosocial support, and home-based care for

children 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Completed the situation analysis and mobilization assessment of orphans and other

vulnerable children in six states

 Disseminated findings from the situation

analysis and mobilization assessment at the

national and state levels

 Conducted sensitization seminars with key

state-level stakeholders to increase provision of ongoing support to identified

orphans and vulnerable children in Ilesha

and Abakalili

 Conducted technical skills-building workshops in Ilesha, Onitsha and Abakaliki states

on HIV/AIDS, orphans and vulnerable children issues, and psychosocial support, for

the three FHI implementing partners and

other partner organizations and representatives, including local governments, other

public sector agencies, community homebased care groups, and FBOs

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Continue support per the sub-agreements

 Develop a memorandum of collaboration

with key in-state stakeholders

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Head-of-household surveys and results

 Interviewer training guide

 Qualitative orphans and vulnerable children assessment tools

 Orphans and vulnerable children situation

analysis and mobilization protocol

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects in the following areas:

 Home-based care

 Training in networking and linking care and

prevention

 Counseling

 Orphans and vulnerable children situation

analysis and mobilization

 Monitoring and evaluation

CONTACT INFORMATION

FHI/Nigeria:

Dr. Olufemi Oke (foke@usips.org)

Tel: 234-1-267-0361

FHI/Virginia:

Sara Bowsky (sbowsky@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/Nigeria:

Shelagh O’Rourke (so’rourke@usaid.gov)

Lynn Gorton (lgorton@usaid.gov)

Africa

Nigeria 67
PURPOSE

The POLICY Project works to increase political

and popular support for policies and plans

that support activities for orphans and vulnerable children.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Collaborated on the adoption of the draft

short-term national plan for orphans and

vulnerable children 

 Provided technical assistance to Nigeria’s

first national conference on orphans and

vulnerable children

 Facilitated improved planning and financing for orphans and vulnerable children

 Published the document Estimating the

Number of Orphans at the National and

State Levels in Nigeria, 2000-2015 in January

2002

 Produced An Overview of Orphans and

Vulnerable Children in Nigeria, February

2004

 Conducted a sensitization workshop for the

Federal Ministry of Women Affairs and

Youth Development (the lead government

agency for national response to orphans

and vulnerable children)

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Support development of education support

strategy

 Develop and produce an advocacy

brochure on orphans and vulnerable children

 Revise the Estimating Orphans in Nigeria

data based on the new sentinel survey

data released in April 2004

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Estimating the Number of Orphans at the

National and State Levels in Nigeria, 2000-

2015 by Robert Ssengonzi and Scott

Moreland

 An Overview of Orphans and Vulnerable

Children in Nigeria, February 2004

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise for other

orphans and vulnerable children projects in

the following areas:

 Monitoring and evaluation

 Provision of information and advocacy

materials on orphans and vulnerable

children

 Development of action plans with

cost estimates

68

Africa

Nigeria

COUNTRY:

Nigeria

PROJECT:

POLICY Project

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

Futures Group 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

FY 2001-2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$100,000
PURPOSE

Africare, working in partnership with the Ogoni

Youth Development Project, is implementing

the Enhanced Care of Orphans Project in five

local government areas of Rivers State (Bonny,

Eleme, Khana, Obio-Akpor, and Okrika). The

project goal is to improve the quality of life for

children under age 15 who have lost one or

both parents to AIDS. To avoid stigmatization,

all children who have lost their parents due to

sickness or death are being targeted. The project’s purpose is to improve the quality of life

of orphans in targeted communities through

capacity building of CBOs and economic

empowerment of primary caregivers

The objectives of this project are to:

 Provide access to basic education and

health care to orphans in project communities

 Identify existing community support structures and strengthen their ability to care

for orphans

 Promote positive attitudes, beliefs, and

practices of community members toward

orphans and people living with AIDS

 Develop the capacity of communities,

especially women’s group and diverse

local associations, to advocate for positive

policy and social change for persons

infected and affected by HIV/AIDS

Strategies to achieve these objectives include:

 Educational support for orphans in target

areas through the provision of school

books, uniforms, sandals, and fees or

other levies

CONTACT INFORMATION 

POLICY Project:

Scott Moreland

(smoreland@futuresgroup.com)

Jerome Mafeni (jmafeni@futuresgroup.com)

2A Lake Chad Crescent Off IBB Way

Maitama

Abuja, Nigeria 

tel: 234-9-413-5945

fax: 234-9-413-5944

USAID/Nigeria:

Lynn Gorton (lgorton@usaid.gov)

Shelagh O’Rourke (so’rourke@usaid.gov)

USAID/Washington:

Liz Schoenecker (lschoenecker@usaid.gov)

Rose McCullough (rmccullough@usaid.gov)

Diana Prieto (dprieto@usaid.gov)

Africa

Nigeria 69

COUNTRY:

Nigeria

PROJECT:

Rivers State Enhanced Care of Orphans

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Centre for Development and

Population Activities (CEDPA)

Grantees: Africare; Ogoni Youth

Development Project 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2002-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$699,825
 Vocational training for older orphans to

receive life skills and a microfinance

scheme to provide grants to then to establish their own businesses after training

 Access to health care and establishment of

a fund to pay for treatment

 Small business management, income-generation training, and a revolving credit program support for caregivers

 Counseling services to address the needs

of orphans with regards to HIV/AIDS control

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Provided educational support to 1,548

orphans

 Provided vocational training to 102 of these

orphans

 Provided access to health care for 1,650

orphans

 Provided business management training for

1,000 orphan caregivers

 Provided microcredit grants to 1,000

caregivers;

 To sustain the project, provided leadership

training to 55 CBOs in project communities 

 Provided education on HIV/AIDS prevention and control for stakeholders in project

communities

 Conducted formative research, including a

baseline survey, participatory learning,

action focus groups with caregivers, and

enumeration of orphans and their needs

 Hosted training and capacity building

workshops on HIV/AIDS and microcredit

administration for up to 55 CBOs

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Use experience in the selected local government areas to inform policy and service

development at state and federal levels

 Network with other NGOs to promote

HIV/AIDS awareness/prevention activities

 Introduce economic empowerment to 650

additional caregivers

 Improve organizational and program management capabilities of CBOs 

 Establish the Vita Cow nutritional

supplement pilot in the project community

of Sogho

 Improve advocacy among local, state,

and federal governments

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Handbook on Income-Generating Activities

Training for Caregivers

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise for other

orphans and vulnerable children projects in

the following areas:

 Networking

 Community mobilization

 Income-generation training

70

Africa

Nigeria
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to improve the quality of life of children aged 0 to 15 in Otukpo

and Okpokwu local government areas of

Benue state, Nigeria, who have lost one or

both parents to AIDS by:

 Providing opportunities for the empowerment of orphans and vulnerable children

 Identifying existing community support

structures and strengthening their ability to

care for orphans and vulnerable children

 Promoting positive attitudes, beliefs, and

practices of community members toward

orphans and people living with HIV/AIDS

 Developing the capacity of communities

(especially women’s groups, diverse local

associations, and religious groups) to advocate for positive policy and social change

for persons infected and affected by

HIV/AIDS

 Using experience gained since inception

of the project to inform policy and

service development at the state and

federal levels

 Strengthening the economic and technical

capacities of caregivers to provide for

basic needs such as good nutrition, education, and other health and psychosocial

needs

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS 

 Provided 1,500 indigent orphans with basic

education and health needs

Africa

Nigeria 71

CONTACT INFORMATION

Africare:

Alan C. Alemian (aalemian@africare.org)

Dr. Chinwe A. Effiong (ceffiong@africarenigeria.org) 

Centre for Development and Population

Activities (CEDPA)/Nigeria:

P.K. Makinwa - Adebusoye

(padebusoye@usips.org)

Tel: 234 -01-2600022

USAID/Washington:

Victor Barbiero (vbarbiero@usaid.gov)

USAID/Nigeria:

Shelagh O’Rourke (so’rourke@usaid.gov)

Lynn Gorton (lgorton@usaid.gov)

COUNTRY:

Nigeria

PROJECT:

Vulnerable Children’s Project 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Centre for Development and

Population Activities (CEDPA)

Grantees: Catholic Women’s Organization;

Opiatoha Kanyin Idoma Multi-Purpose

Cooperative Society

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

April 2003-August 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$106,649 
 Provided 1,211 households with orphans

and vulnerable children with care and support through income-generating activities

 Provided 1,500 children and their caregivers with psychosocial support 

 Trained 56 volunteers on counseling skills 

 Trained and sensitized 60 policymakers in

STI/HIV/AIDS and advocacy 

 Provided home-based care training for 150

men and women in the community, including faith leaders

 Trained 35 members of CBOs in HIV/AIDS

prevention, care, and support for persons

affected or infected by HIV/AIDS 

 Trained 100 caregivers in nutrition 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Negotiate with the Benue state government to take over education and health of

orphans and vulnerable children

 Develop and strengthen existing community sustainable structures for care and support of persons affected or infected by

HIV/AIDS

 Increase the income of caregivers through

proper management of income-generating activities and facilitate equal or fair distribution of funds earned under a common

agreement adopted by the caregivers 

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Home Care for People Living with HIV/AIDS:

The Power of Our Community (CEDPA training manual series)

 Partners for Positive Action: Social

Mobilization for HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care

and Support (CEDPA training manual

series)

 Sustaining the Benefits: A Field Guide for

Sustaining Reproductive and Child Health

Services (CEDPA training manual series)

(The training manuals can be accessed

through the CEDPA Web site www.cedpa.org)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise for other

orphans and vulnerable children projects in

the following areas:

 Community mobilization training

 Advocacy training and materials

development

 Monitoring and evaluation

 HIV/AIDS prevention

 Institutional strengthening

 Home-based care and support training

CONTACT INFORMATION 

Centre for Development and Population

Activities (CEDPA)/Nigeria:

P.K. Makinwa - Adebusoye

(padebusoye@usips.org)

Tel: 234 -01-2600022

CEDPA/Washington:

Rose Khasiala Amolo (rkamolo@cedpa.org)

USAID/Nigeria:

Lynn Gorton (lgorton@usaid.gov)

Shelagh O’Rourke (so’rourke@usaid.gov)

USAID/Washington:

Alexandra Todd (atodd@usaid.gov)

72

Africa

Nigeria
PURPOSE

The program mobilizes churches to take

action to minimize the affects of AIDS by:

 Preventing the spread of AIDS through the

promotion of healthy patterns of family life

and sexual practice

 Mobilizing and equipping churches to bring

care and hope to families affected by

HIV/AIDS

 Enabling individuals and families affected

by HIV/AIDS, including children, to live with

dignity by effectively addressing the economic burden of this disease

 Increasing awareness of, demand for, and

links to essential services beyond the scope

of congregational ministry (e.g. clinical

treatment, VCT, PMTCT)

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

New activities were recently funded and build

on previous achievements of World Relief’s

HIV/AIDS program Mobilizing for Life. At the

end of a five-year funding period by the

USAID mission, 674 churches in 58 denominations and three provinces were participating in

Mobilizing for Life, which included support to

children affected by AIDS. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Rapidly scale up activities for orphans and

vulnerable children

 Develop a training video for use in training

workshops based on the Abana Bacu

(“Our Children”) manual and training

curricula for church leaders

 Distribute the Abana Bacu manual (15,000

copies) and curricula (550) throughout the

country 

 Provide 4,000 orphans and vulnerable children in eight provinces with school fees

and/or uniforms/supplies

 Enable the mobilization of volunteers in 20%

of church parishes to act as supporters for

children in their communities

 Train church volunteers in identification and

support of orphans and vulnerable children

 Hold seminars to reach 600 church parish

members and sensitize churches

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

The following are available in English,

Kinyarwanda, and Portuguese:

Africa 73

Rwanda

PROJECT:

Mobilizing for Life

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: World Relief

Grantees: Church-affiliated care and support

programs are expected to receive an estimated $360,000 in funding

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

April 2004-April 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$1,750,000
PURPOSE

The project’s goal is to have a maximum

impact on HIV/AIDS and its consequences,

especially on vulnerable groups such as persons living with HIV/AIDS and orphans and vulnerable children.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Helped three associations of people living

with HIV/AIDS and one faith-based organization design mini-projects and budgets,

with training in monitoring and evaluation,

basic fund management, and

subgrant/partnership procedures

 Our Children, a guide to church- and community-based orphan care and support

 Hope at Home, a guide to giving home

care to AIDS-affected people and their

families (also available in French,

Shangaan, and Kiswahili)

 Interactive video Living Hope for Africa: The

Church Responds to the AIDS Crisis, a tool

to mobilize churches to address AIDS (also

available in Shangaan)

To obtain these materials, contact Peggy

(mlaughlin@wr.org or wraids@wr.org.) 

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Community mobilization for care and

prevention 

 Curriculum development in youth manuals

on sexual education and HIV/AIDS prevention, mobilization of the church to care for

orphans and persons living with HIV/AIDS,

and a participatory adult education curriculum about AIDS designed for community bank settings 

CONTACT INFORMATION

World Relief:

Margaret Laughlin (mlaughlin@wr.org)

Rebecca Chandler (rchandler@wr.org)

USAID/Rwanda:

Nancy Fitch, M.D. (nfitch@usaid.gov)

74

Africa

Rwanda

COUNTRY:

Rwanda

PROJECT:

Pact Community REACH (Rapid and Effective

Action Combating HIV/AIDS)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Pact

Grantees: CARE International; Cyeza Parish;

associations of persons living with HIV/AIDS

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

July 2002–July 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$397,846
Africa

Rwanda 75

 Provided nutrition and behavior change

communication training to 10 associations

of persons living with HIV/AIDS

 Gave nutrition/food assistance to 2,429

orphaned children on monthly basis

 Encouraged child-headed households and

their mentors to participate in a monthly

savings and loan scheme

 Helped anti-AIDS clubs of orphaned children to distribute HIV/AIDS messages to

promote behavior change

 Helped 36 orphaned children establish

income-generating activities

 Trained 196 service providers and caregivers in care and support

 Providing ongoing mentor counseling to

1,859 children

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Train CBOs and FBOs on the basic skills of

home-based care

 Visit the homes of persons living with

HIV/AIDS and orphans and vulnerable

children to provide counseling and care

 Hold workshops on the psychosocial

support needs of orphans and vulnerable

children

 Disseminate behavior change communication materials to partners

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Capacity assessment tools for CBOs and

FBOs to provide psychosocial support to

orphans and other vulnerable children

 Home-based care training module

 Behavior change communication materials

(flip charts)

 Finance management tools for subgrant

management

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children

in the following areas:

 Behavior change communication materials

 Skills training to improve home-based 

care practices 

 Developing management skills of CBOs

and FBOs

CONTACT INFORMATION

Pact Community REACH Headquarters:

Polly Mott, Program Director

(reachgrants@pacthq.org)

CARE International/Rwanda:

Andrew Jones, Assistant Country

Director/Program (andrewj@care.org.rw)

CARE International Field Staff:

Antoinette Mukaneza, Deputy Project

Manager (antoinettem@care.org.rw)

USAID/Washington:

Ron MacInnis (rmacinnis@usaid.gov)
PURPOSE

By 2005, the Safety Net and LIFE programs aim

to ensure increased food security for 29,000 of

Rwanda’s most vulnerable people per month,

with additional activities to increase the

capacity of partners and implementing centers to ensure sustainability.

Currently, the Safety Net project is supporting

7,000 institutionalized orphans, street children,

infants in prison with their mothers, and handicapped and elderly persons each month.

Rations are calculated to meet approximately

75% of the daily needs of the target population, with 25% provided by partner centers.

CRS provides training in commodity management, general management practices, and

small-income generation to increase the 

operational capacity of its partners. CRS is currently conducting training sessions on how to

monitor the nutrition status indicators of the

beneficiaries as a result of the food distributed

and consumed.

The LIFE component of the project is providing

food to 22,000 AIDS-affected Rwandans (4,400

households) per month to supplement their

nutritional requirements. Food provided under

this intervention covers 50% of monthly household rations. Beneficiaries include child-headed households, children aged 0 to 18 who are

orphaned by AIDS, families with HIV-positive

parents, families with HIV-positive children,

and families with foster children who are

orphans due to AIDS. Food assistance is linked

with HIV/AIDS education, home-based care,

counseling, vocational training, and incomegenerating activities provided by sub-grantee

agencies. Provision of food is intended to facilitate increased productivity and capacity to

care for the increasing number of children

affected by HIV/AIDS. Food assistance will be

maintained until households can generate 

sufficient income to meet basic needs.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 In FY 2002, the Safety Net/LIFE program successfully maintained monthly food distribution to its targeted 29,000 beneficiaries.

 22% of Safety Net centers and 18% of 

LIFE implementing partners demonstrated

improved organizational capacity 

during 2002.

 Five workshops on Title II food management, small income-generating activities,

HIV/AIDS sector issues, and general management practices were held in FY 2002 to

improve partner capacity.

76

Africa

Rwanda

COUNTRY:

Rwanda

PROJECT:

Safety Net and Leadership Initiative for

Fighting Epidemics (LIFE) Food Programs

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Catholic Relief Services (CRS)

Grantees: CARE International; Caritas

Rwanda; World Relief; Association Nationale

de Soutien aux Personnes Vivant avec le

VIH/SIDA

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

January 2001– July 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$538,257 per year ( 2004-2005) (Safety

Net/LIFE activities)

$2,188,721 per year (2004-2005) (total

Development Assistance Program activities)

(A portion of these funds supports children

and families affected by HIV/AIDS.)
 A mid-term evaluation of Safety Net and

LIFE activities was conducted from May to

June 2003.

 A plan of action was developed to address

mid-term evaluation recommendations.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Advocate for HIV/AIDS-affected populations in Rwanda

 Continue collaboration with government

and civil society to find sustainable alternatives to institutional care for orphans and

vulnerable children

 Increase support and funding for small

income-generating activities in LIFE and

Safety Net centers

 Develop a new development assistance

plan with an expanded scope for orphans

and vulnerable children, per the recommendation of the mid-term evaluation

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Nutrition status monitoring tool

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects in the following areas:

 Monitoring and evaluation

 Community sensitization and mobilization

 Home-based care

 Development of guidelines in nutrition and

HIV/AIDS

 Integration of Safety Net/LIFE and other

CRS programs (peace and justice, agriculture, ART, orphans and vulnerable children)

CONTACT INFORMATION

Catholic Relief Services (CRS)/Rwanda:

David Leege (cr@crs.org.rw)

Tel: 00250-82109/82112/82114

CRS/Baltimore:

Mark Jones (mjones@catholicrelief.org)

Tel: 410-625-2220

Web site: www.catholicrelief.org

USAID/Washington:

Bridget Ralyea (bralyea@usaid.gov)

USAID/Rwanda:

Nancy Fitch, M.D. (nfitch@usaid.gov)

Africa

Rwanda 77
PURPOSE 

Reduce morbidity and mortality among children under 5 years old and mitigate the

impact of HIV and AIDS on children under 

15 years old

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 A registry of orphans and vulnerable children has been established. The registry is

called the Safety Net Registry rather than

an orphan registry in order to reduce the

stigma associated with these children and

to encourage the implementing partners to

view the registry as a tool for improving

conditions for the children on the registry. 

 Two sets of test cases have been established as a means for developing a more

efficient method of making sure that all

children eligible for South Africa’s child support grants are receiving them. 

 Community health committees were established in two communities.

 The Program has coordinated the design of

a home-based care curriculum together

with the Department of Health, the

Department of Education, and the

LethempiloYouth Organization. The curriculum deals with issues affecting orphans 

and vulnerable children and the role of

home-based care volunteers in addressing

their needs.

 Together with the Lethempilo Youth

Organization, the Program has trained 

24 home-based care volunteers from 

12 churches in the first module of the 

new curriculum. 

 The Program established a life skills discussion program in schools, using teams of

young adult mentors and peer educators

chosen from among the students. The

Program has trained 30 peer educators

and, with a local NGO, Yabantu, 18 mentors. Life skills discussions involve approximately 500 students each week. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Establish community health committees

and develop community-level plans to

respond to the needs of orphans and vulnerable children

 Train more home-based care volunteers in

association with sponsoring churches that

will supervise and support their work

78 Africa

South Africa

COUNTRY:

South Africa

PROJECT:

Abaqulusi Child Survival Program

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

Salvation Army World Service Office

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2002–September 2007

USAID AMOUNT:

$1,299,958 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
 Advocate with the Department of Social

Welfare to improve the efficiency of the

administration of child support grants

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Safety net registry for orphans and vulnerable children (collects information regarding

school attendance, child-headed status,

receipt of child support grants, etc.)

 Home-based care training manual

(includes training guide and some background materials), covering a 10-day 

classroom course accompanied by five to

10 additional days of supervised practical

field experience

 Community counseling manual

 Mentoring (young adults to youth)

 Life skills programming

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Use of participatory techniques to mobilize

and organize community groups (community counseling)

 Criteria, design, and collection of registry

for orphans and vulnerable children

 Home-based care training

CONTACT INFORMATION

Salvation Army/South Africa: 

Penny Campbell, Program Manager

(pcampbell@acsp.co.za)

Abaqulusi Child Survival Program

140 East St., Malapin Center, Office #4

Vryheid, KZN, 3100

South Africa

Tel: +27 (0)34 - 980 - 1148 

Fax: +27 (0)34 - 980 - 1150

Cel: +27 (0)83 - 622 - 8164 

Salvation Army World Service Office/Virginia:

Claire Boswell 

(Claire_Boswell@usn.salvationarmy.org)

USAID/South Africa: 

Anita Sampson (asampson@usaid.gov)

John Crowley (jcrowley@usaid.gov)

USAID/Washington: Susan Youll

(syoull@usaid.gov)

Africa

South Africa 79

COUNTRY:

South Africa

PROJECT:

Goelama Program – A strategic response to

improving the well-being of orphans and vulnerable children in Limpopo, KwaZulu Natal,

and Mpumalanga provinces of 

South Africa

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: The Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund 

Grantees: A network of 23 NGOs, CBOs, 

and FBOs 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

September 2000-June 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$5,000,000
PURPOSE

Goelama’s goal is to improve the well-being

of orphans and vulnerable children through

innovative community support and economic

strengthening strategies. In its first two years,

Goelama’s framework for guiding program

implementation emphasized results in the four

areas of strengthening households, building

community support systems for orphans and

vulnerable children, expanding and integrating local government response, and changing

behavior for preventing new infections. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 31,206 children were reached.

 9,449 households received 1,381,380 homebased care visits.

 Home visits successfully reached children

affected by AIDS before they became

orphans. 

 Programs for children affected by AIDS

were linked with care and support programs for persons living with HIV/AIDS. 

 School governing bodies were strengthened to ensure that orphans and vulnerable children have access to free primary

education. 

 Under the male involvement program

implemented by the KwaZulu-Natal

Christian Council, church members are fostering children.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Strengthen household capacity to cope

with the effects of HIV and AIDS through

scaled-up treatment, care, and prevention;

psychosocial support for orphans and vulnerable children; educational support for

orphans and vulnerable children; child

safety/protection; and poverty reduction 

 Strengthen community support systems by

building community capacity and structures to identify problems, plan for action,

take action, and monitor/evaluate actions,

and by linking communities with external

resources

 Strengthen the local government response

by influencing the integrated development

planning process to ensure that children’s

issues are adequately addressed 

 Strengthen service delivery by helping local

governments build private-public partnerships with NGOs, businesses, and other nongovernment entities

 Improve documentation of best practices

on both program and technical programmatic elements 

 Provide technical assistance in

programming, data capture and analysis,

report writing, monitoring and evaluation,

and overall compliance and project

management

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Two (USAID and Ayanka) evaluation 

reports on Goelama 

 Monthly reporting format (monitoring and

evaluation)

 Monitoring and evaluation tools

 Monitoring and evaluation training reports

 Baseline data results

 Research reports

80

Africa

South Africa
PURPOSE 

The goal of the project is to reduce morbidity

and mortality among children aged 0 to 5

and to improve the health status of women of

reproductive age. The project is currently

implementing a second four-year program in

an extended area of Ndwedwe district in

KwaZulu Natal province. The levels of effort for

the phase II interventions are as follows:

 HIV/AIDS/STIs – 30%

 Control of diarrheal diseases – 20%

 Immunizations – 20%

 Pneumonia – 15%

 Maternal/newborn care – 15%

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Community mobilization

 Training in a child rights approach to 

programming

 Facilitation of provincial reference groups

for sharing lessons learned

 Facilitating strategic alliances and partnerships for improving networking, referrals,

and resource sharing

 Establishment of linkages with local, 

provincial, and national governments 

for advocacy

CONTACT INFORMATION 

The Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund:

Sibongile Mkhabela, CEO

Ntjantja Ned, Programs Director

(ntjantjan@nmcf.co.za)

Charles Mandivenyi, Monitoring and

Evaluation (charlesm@nmcf.co.za)

Tel: 27-11-786-9140; Fax: 27-11-786-9197

Web site: http://www.nelsonmandelachildrensfund.com

USAID/Washington:

Lloyd Feinberg (lfeinberg@usaid.gov)

USAID/South Africa:

Anita Sampson (asampson@usaid.gov)

John Crowley (jcrowley@usaid.gov)

Africa

South Africa 81

COUNTRY:

South Africa

PROJECT:

Ndwedwe District Child Survival Project

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Medical Care Development

International (MCDI)

Grantees: Department of Health; DramAidE;

Diakonia Council of Churches; National

Association of People Living with AIDS,

eKhaya Project of the KZN Interfaith Forum

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

Child Survival Project: September 1995-

September 2005

Pact Community REACH: June 2003-June

2005

USAID AMOUNT:

Child Survival Amount: $1,603,850 (includes

cost extension)

Pact Community REACH Amount: $100,000

(A portion of these funds supports children

and families affected by HIV/AIDS.)
In the Mavela community of Ndwedwe, an

identified priority problem is the growing number of orphans due to HIV/AIDS. Medical Care

Development International (MCDI) facilitates

collaboration between the eKhaya Project, an

interfaith initiative, and the community of

Mavela to ensure an approach that addresses

the spectrum of needs of orphans and other

vulnerable children.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS 

 350 orphans were identified in this tribal

authority using an orphan register developed by MCDI.

 A day care center provided a safe and

positive environment for 67 children, 30 of

whom are orphans who lost their parents to

HIV/AIDS.

 18 child-headed households are provided

one meal a day and an opportunity to participate in income-generation activities.

 An income-generating component has

trained at least 14 local women in beadwork and fabric painting. 

 Volunteers maintain a community garden

attached to the day care center. The garden provides additional food for the center, child-headed households, and households supporting orphans. 

 An MCDI social worker helps the community access government grants for orphans

and vulnerable children. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Upgrade the physical structure of the day

care center to accommodate a community hall, library/resource center, HIV/AIDS

support group, an office for the social worker, and a legal/paralegal desk

 Establish legal protection services for

orphans and HIV-affected households

 Commence activities for establishing two

more model day care centers

 Initiate two functional income-generation

groups, a woman’s group in catering, community gardening and beadwork, and a

youth group comprising out-of-school youth

and child-headed household members in

handicraft and artwork

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Training material and guidelines on how to

access government grants in Zulu and

English (mcdi@mweb.co.za)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

mentoring and networking. 

CONTACT INFORMATION

Project:

Medical Care Development International

(MCDI)/South Africa:

Dr. Farshid Meidany (mcdi@mweb.co.za)

Tel: 27-31-304-0357

MCDI/Washington:

Joseph Carter

E-mail: mcdi@mcd.org

Tel: 301-562-1920

USAID/South Africa:

Anita Sampson (asampson@usaid.gov)

John Crowley (jcrowley@usaid.gov)

USAID/Washington:

Susan Youll (syoull@usaid.gov)

82

Africa

South Africa
PURPOSE 

NOAH aims to help 11 communities focus on

the problem of children orphaned by AIDS

and to take ownership of that problem in their

communities. Resource centers for direct

orphan care will be established in the 11 communities.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Project activities are newly funded.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Work toward March 2006 goal of identifying

and training 10 community leaders and

between 20 and 30 volunteers in each of

the 11 targeted communities

 Mobilize and build capacity in these communities by providing training programs

 Data capture, analysis, and synthesis for

reporting on orphans and vulnerable children in the targeted areas

 Upgrade sites and secure use of infrastructure for implementing five resource centers

to accommodate approximately 150 children per center

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Database to collate and store relevant program statistics and various listings of the

leader and volunteer training

 NOAH handbook focusing on a 12-step

program for mobilization (available by mail

request)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Use of NOAH’s database to obtain national

trend information for orphans and vulnerable children

 Application of the NOAH handbook on

community mobilization

CONTACT INFORMATION

Nurturing Orphans of AIDS for Humanity

(NOAH):

Pact South Africa: Malika Magagula

(malika@pactsa.org.za)

358 Rivonia Boulevard, Rivonia - PO Box 4043,

Rivonia, 2128

USAID/South Africa:

Anita Sampson (asampson@usaid.gov)

Africa

South Africa 83

COUNTRY:

South Africa

PROJECT:

Nurturing Orphans of AIDS for Humanity

(NOAH)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Pact

Grantees: NOAH

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

April 2004-April 2006

USAID AMOUNT:

$1,500,000
PURPOSE

HOPE Worldwide South Africa provides and

facilitates integrated care and support for

orphans and other vulnerable children as part

of its comprehensive community-based care,

prevention, mobilization, and support activities

to people living with HIV/AIDS. The project links

care, support, and prevention of HIV through

peer education, community mobilization,

referral networks, community- and homebased care, and support groups for persons

living with HIV/AIDS and orphans and vulnerable children.

With assistance from FHI, HOPE Worldwide

South Africa developed an initial capacity

development program in Soweto that is now

replicated in Cape Town (Khaylitsha), Durban

(Cato Crest), Port Elizabeth (Veeplaas,

Motherwell, and Soweto-on-Sea), Umtata,

and Johannesburg (Alexandra, Diepsloot,

and Zandspruit). The program model provides

orphans and vulnerable children with

nutritional support; recreational activities; life

skills education; referrals; assistance with

psychosocial support and counseling;

disclosure of HIV status; future planning;

and access to welfare grants, medical

care (including ART) and play therapy.

The project aims to strengthen the links

between community capacity and response

and institutional services, such as those of the

Perinatal HIV Research Unit at the Chris

Baragwanath Hospital in Soweto, to ensure a

continuum of care and support is available for

people using VCT services. The project serves

orphans, vulnerable children, HIV-infected and

-affected children, persons living with

HIV/AIDS, primary caregivers, and family and

community members.

The community mobilization efforts have

developed into an HIV competency framework and a facilitation process that will be

used with schools and congregations. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Established support groups for children

within the adult support groups (some support groups include only after-school activities)

 Mobilized four locations in Soweto to adopt

a functional care group model for

orphaned children and vulnerable families

 Developed an HIV competency framework

based on the competency assessment tool

of UNAIDS and the United Nations Institute

for Training and Research

 Trained and supervised lay counselors in

13 clinics to offer VCT services and PMTCT

programs

 Enhanced capacity in six national locations

 Established more linkages with local PMTCT

and VCT services

84

Africa

South Africa

COUNTRY:

South Africa

PROJECT:

SIYAWELA II Project-Replication of

Comprehensive Community Child Care

Responses

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

HOPE Worldwide South Africa

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

September 2001-August 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$3,800,000
 Developed greater capacity for psychosocial support and counseling for children

affected by AIDS with technical assistance

from REPSSI (Regional Psychosocial Support

Initiative)

 Improved local partner networks at all sites

 Provided approximately 15,500 children

with services in the second year

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Facilitate the use of the HIV competency

framework by schools and congregations

in targeted communities

 Formalize partnerships with education

department at provincial and district levels

to roll out competency framework

 Develop capacity with other communitybased groups in peer education, counseling, psychosocial support for orphans and

vulnerable children, facilitation of support

groups, and community facilitation

 Promote leadership and management

development for project members and

community partners

 Develop partnerships with other prevention,

care, and support service providers

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Brochures

 Referral and follow-up guidelines

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Program/project planning, monitoring and

evaluation, management and reporting

 Community mobilization and facilitation

 Peer education training and facilitation in

psychosocial support and ART

 Referral and follow-up systems

 Psychosocial support and counseling for

children

 Linking prevention, care, and support

 Pre/post-test counseling and ongoing care

and support for persons living with HIV/AIDS

CONTACT INFORMATION

HOPE Worldwide/South Africa:

Dr. Mark Ottenweller

(mark_ottenweller@hopeww.org)

Edward Phillips (edward_phillips@hopeww.org)

Tel: 27-11-794 2002;

Pact South Africa: Malika Magagula (malika@pactsa.org.za)

USAID/South Africa:

Anita Sampson (asampson@usaid.gov)

John Crowley (jcrowley@usaid.gov)

Africa

South Africa 85
PURPOSE 

FHI/IMPACT provides technical assistance to

USAID/South Africa and its primary partners

working with orphans and other vulnerable

children, including the Nelson Mandela

Children’s Fund (NMCF) and HOPE Worldwide

(HWW). The goal of the technical assistance is

to expand and improve current efforts being

implemented in South Africa. FHI expects to

support NMCF and HWW in the following

areas:

 Documentation of best practices to

improve programs

 Technical and programmatic support to

HWW in its new role as a VCT/PMTCT trainer

 Monitoring and evaluation to provide more

effective and extensive programming and

reporting

 Adoption of optimal ways and approaches

to integrate the needs of children within

the continuum of HIV/AIDS prevention,

care, and support programming

 Community mobilization

 National-level coordination and collaboration related to issues specific to orphans

and vulnerable children

 Improved ability to reach more children

with quality programming

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Capacity building for social and community health workers in care and support issues

of vulnerable or traumatized children

included training in psychosocial support

and counseling and exchange visits to

regional programs.

 A community mobilization process, Future

Search, was piloted with great success in

four communities. 

 HWW established a partnership with the

Perinatal HIV Research Unit of the largest

hospital in Soweto to address weak links in

the continuum of care and support. Existing

referral protocols, processes, and tools

were reviewed, and a referral form, referral

system manual, and agreement for a code

of conduct were designed. 

 HWW has secured additional funding to

replicate its model in four other regions of

the country. HWW’s role has evolved to

that of PMTVT/VCT trainer and an intermediary organization with the mandate of

building small NGO capacity through subgrants and technical assistance. 

86

Africa

South Africa

COUNTRY:

South Africa

PROJECT: 

Technical Assistance to USAID/South AfricaFunded Initiatives for Orphans and Other

Vulnerable Children

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International (FHI)

Grantees: Hope WorldWide (HWW) South

Africa; Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund

(NMCF) Goelama Program

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

FY 2002-2005 (no cost extension) 

USAID AMOUNT:

$800,000 
 In May/June 2003, an external evaluation

of the GOELAMA program was conducted

to determine next steps. FHI participated

and developed a technical assistance

strategy and plan for the GOELAMA program based on the outcome and recommendation.

 NMCF’s partners had a two-week training

program in monitoring and evaluation in

January 2004. Follow-up technical assistance will develop a database to track

activities for orphans and vulnerable children and finalize the monitoring and evaluation plan and data collection tools.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Strengthen monitoring and evaluation

systems and tools; coordinate and

establish common indicators with other

large programs assisting orphans and

vulnerable children

 Document and disseminate best practices;

adopt optimal ways of addressing the

needs of orphans and vulnerable children

CONTACT INFORMATION

The Nelson Mandela Children ‘s Fund:

Sibongile Mkhabela

Ntjantja Ned (ntjantja@nmcf.co.za)

Tel: 27-11-786-9140

HOPE Worldwide /South Africa:

Dr.Mark Ottenweller

(mark_ottenweller@hopeww.org)

Edward Phillips (edward_phillips@hopeww.org)

Tel: 27-11-794-2002

FHI/Virginia:

Sara Bowsky (sbowsky@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779

Web site: http://www.fhi.

USAID/South Africa:

John Crowley (jcrowley@usaid.gov)

Anita Sampson (asampson@usaid.gov)

Africa

South Africa 87
PURPOSE

The Social Action Trust Fund (SATF) is a nongovernmental Tanzanian trust that supports

children orphaned by AIDS. Initiated in 1995

through technical support and capitalization

from USAID, the fund became fully functional

and self-supporting in 1998. SATF uses earnings

from interest on loans and investments in the

private sector to make grants to NGOs registered in Tanzania to assist children orphaned

by AIDS. It also links promotion of private sector development and social benefits to vulnerable children. Ownership of SATF resides within

a group of socially conscious, committed

members of the Tanzanian business community and generates income using sound business

and investment practices.

SATF is governed by a five-member board of

trustees from the business community and

managed on a day-to-day basis by a chief

executive officer and small supporting staff. Its

performance reflects effective management

and consistent growth, enabling it to become

a local sustainable mechanism to respond to

HIV/AIDS in Tanzania. SATF invests in two funds,

one of which uses capital of $2,000,000 to

invest in small and micro-enterprises, with the

surpluses returned to SATF, while the other

fund (capital $10,000,000) offers mediumand long-term loans, with all profits used to

support orphans.

SATF grants to NGOs are used primarily to support basic education costs such as school

fees, uniforms, textbooks, and, occasionally,

transportation. The staff monitors NGO performance and ensures that its grants directly

benefit the maximum number of orphans.

Grants must be used for direct assistance to

orphans and cannot be used for operational

costs of recipient NGOs, which must be covered from other sources. SATF is exploring ways

to increase its capitalization so that more

orphans can benefit. The project goal is to

support as many orphans as cost-effectively

as possible without compromising the quality

of interventions.

88 Africa

Tanzania

COUNTRY:

Tanzania

PROJECT:

Organizational Capacity Building

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Social Action Trust Fund (SATF)

Grantees: African Women AIDS Working

Group; Archdiocese of Songea; Balm of

Gilead; CARITAS; Faraja Trust Fund; Women

Against AIDS in Kilimanjaro; MEDI;

Sanganigwa Children’s Home; Tabora NGO

Cluster; Tanzania Home Economics

Association; the Village of Hope; the Uhai

Centre; People in the Fight Against AIDS in

Tanzania; Service for Children; the Tanzanian

Karagwe Development Association; KADEA;

MWAOMI; Kilimanjaro NGO Cluster for

STD/HIV/AIDS Interventions and Reproductive

Health; Sr. Theresa of Bukoba; Service Health

and Development for People Living with

HIV/AIDS 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

Capitalized in 1998

USAID AMOUNT:

$12,000,000 (initial capital)
KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Expanded the amount of grants per year

from $112,000 (distributed through NGOs) in

eight regions of the Tanzanian mainland in

1999 to more than $1,900,000, as of

December 2003, in 18 regions.

 As of December 2003, supported 80,563

orphans due to AIDS with primary and secondary school education. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Continue to support orphans on the SATF

register

 Assist orphans on the SATF register with their

nutritional/medical needs

 Provide vocational training for primary

school graduates

 Provide working tools to vocational training

graduates

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

The following are available on the SATF Web

site (http://www.saft. org):

 General information on investments and

orphans’ grants programs 

 Loan conditions

 Fact sheet

 Annual report

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Training on accounting/budgeting systems

 Financial management

 Networking

CONTACT INFORMATION

The Social Action Trust Fund (SATF):

Valentine Rweyemamu, CEO (info@satf.org)

P.O. Box 10123

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 

Tel: 255-22-2118740/3; Fax: 255-22-2118741

USAID/Tanzania:

Rene Berger (rberger@usaid.gov)

John Dunlop (jdunlop@usaid.gov) 

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Tanzania 89

COUNTRY:

Tanzania

PROJECT:

Rapid Funding Envelope for HIV/AIDS

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Deloitte & Touche East Africa 

Grantees: Management Sciences for Health

and up to three others to be determined 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

June 2004-September 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$300,000
PURPOSE 

The Rapid Funding Envelope (RFE) for HIV/AIDS

is a new funding mechanism for HIV/AIDS projects in Tanzania. It provides support to not-forprofit civil society institutions, academic institutions, and partnerships on the Tanzanian mainland and Zanzibar for short-term projects of up

to 12 months in duration.

The RFE was created in October 2002 by the

Tanzania Commission for HIV/AIDS and nine

bilateral donor agencies – the Canadian

International Development Agency (CIDA),

Ireland AID, the Swiss Agency for

Development and Co-operation, the Embassy

of Finland, the Royal Netherlands Embassy, the

Royal Danish Embassy, the Royal Norwegian

Embassy, USAID, and the U.S. Centers for

Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

The RFE has currently funded 23 projects

focused on one or more of the following priority areas:

 Prevention

 Advocacy

 Care and support

 Impact mitigation

 Baseline and applied research 

 Institutional strengthening including monitoring and evaluation

The RFE aims to support organizations undertaking projects focusing on orphans and vulnerable children, particularly in the area of

helping orphans develop vocational skills relevant to their location. In addition, support to

orphans will establish mechanisms to relieve

the burden on children who are caring for sick

relatives so they will have the time to acquire

necessary livelihood skills. Through grants, the

RFE will assist 500 to 800 adolescent orphans

and vulnerable children. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Activities for orphans and vulnerable children

are newly funded.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Increase the level of support and funding

for impact mitigation projects, including life

skills education and vocational training

activities

 Reach a greater number of orphans and

vulnerable children affected by HIV/AIDS

through the RFE mechanism

CONTACT INFORMATION

Project: Rapid Funding Envelope for HIV/AIDS:

Deloitte & Touche Tanzania

Joe Eshun (jeshun@deloitte.co.tz)

Tel: +255 22 2116006

Management Sciences for Health:

Catherine Severo (csevero@msh.org)

Tel: +255 22 2136415

USAID/ Tanzania:

Lisbeth Loughran (lloughran@usaid.gov)

Vicky Chuwa (vchuwa@usaid.gov)

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PURPOSE

Technical support will be provided to government ministries and other stakeholders undertaking a participatory situation analysis

focused on orphans and vulnerable children.

FHI will assist with presenting results and discussing actions to be taken during a national

consultation. FHI aims to facilitate the finalizing

of a national policy on orphans and vulnerable children and advise on related programming, building on the findings of the joint

national HIV/AIDS multisectoral review held in

February 2004.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

The project is newly funded but will build on

previous activities that included technical

assistance for the review of the national

HIV/AIDS situation and proposal development.

As part of capacity building, two medical

practitioners were sent to Mildmay, Uganda,

to learn how to provide care and support to

children infected with HIV/AIDS.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

In collaboration with national government

and other stakeholders: 

 Conduct participatory situation analysis

 Convene national consultation

 Support policy reform for children affected

by HIV/AIDS

 Establish programming priorities

CONTACT INFORMATION

FHI/Tanzania:

Eric Van Praag (evanpraag@fhi.org)

FHI/Virgina:

Moses Dombo (mdombo@fhi.org)

USAID/Tanzania: 

Lisbeth Loughran (lloughran@usaid.gov)

Vicky Chuwa, Vicky (vchuwa@usaid.gov)

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Tanzania 91

COUNTRY:

Tanzania

PROJECT:

Supporting National Response for Children

Affected by HIV/AIDS 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Family Health International (FHI)

Grantees: To be determined

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

January 2004-May 2005 

USAID AMOUNT:

$200,000
PURPOSE

The program, managed by CARE, is designed

to strengthen public-private partnerships at

the district level, provide grants to the voluntary sector, build capacity of both the local

government and voluntary sectors, and conduct behavior change communication activities. These projects focus on increasing the use

of family planning, maternal and child health

services, and HIV/AIDS prevention methods.

As part of this integrated health activity, CARE

supports NGOs that work with orphans and

vulnerable children at the district level in five

underserved rural regions. Activities include

supporting communities to assist orphans and

other vulnerable children with school fees,

clothing, food, health, and social services.

Community members define their needs and

participate in developing activities that assist

orphans and other vulnerable children in the

community.

The program implementation period was

extended to December 31, 2004, with a technical focus on home-based care as part of

continuum of care and support for people living with HIV/AIDS.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 VSHP has initiated support to 230 nonprofit

CBOs, NGOs, and FBOs that implement

HIV/AIDS, reproductive health, and mother

and child health interventions in 30 districts.

Activities include mobilizing communities

and supporting community initiatives, providing information about HIV prevention

and support, providing nutrition information, and advocating for other relevant

activities.

 81 subgrants have been disbursed to

organizations providing support to 4,406

orphans and vulnerable children (2,246 girls

and 2160 boys). This support includes nutrition, education, and psychosocial support.

Subgrantees are learning to work with

orphans and foster families to identify

strategies to improve their quality of life.

 30 partnership committees were established in 30 district councils. This involved

helping local government and the voluntary sector develop working relationships.

Voluntary organizations have developed

skills in writing proposals.

92

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COUNTRY:

Tanzania

PROJECT:

VSHP Tumaini (formerly Voluntary Sector

Health Program)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Under Voluntary Sector Health Program:

Primary: CARE/Tanzania

Grantees: Healthscope Tanzania, Ltd.; Johns

Hopkins University Center for Communication

Programs

Under VSHP Tumaini:

Primary: CARE/Tanzania

Grantees: Healthscope Tanzania Ltd.; Family

Health International (FHI); Counsenuth; Heifer

International; Muhimbili University College of

Science

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

Voluntary Sector Health Program: July 2001-

January 2004

VSHP Tumaini: January 2004-December 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$17,000,000 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
 Teams working jointly to develop and

implement behavior change communication activities established 20 communication networks.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Document and disseminate VSHP process,

outputs, lessons learned, information about

how its partnerships evolved, and manuals

and innovations arising from subgrantees’

activities

 Strengthen the capacity of subgrantees in

implementing quality interventions

 Strengthen the partnership between subgrantees and community (local) institutions

by developing community-level feedback

mechanisms to facilitate comprehensive

district HIV/AIDS, mother-and-child health,

and reproductive health plans

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Guidelines for proposal design workshop

 Conceptual framework for breaking the

HIV/AIDS cycle

 Toolkit in Kiswahili to be used by subgrantees at the community level to develop their communication strategy

 Checklist for minimum package of activities

to make best practices operational in VSHP

niche areas or core interventions by subgrantees

 Grants management system

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Facilitating partnerships between local

government authorities and civil society

organizations

 Capacity building of civil society organizations

 Leadership and management of VSHP

 Bottom-up planning to build social support

for foster families

 Strategies to involve orphans

CONTACT INFORMATION

CARE/Tanzania:

Dr. Binagwa, Team Leader

(fbinagwa@care.or.tz)

Tel: 255-22-2666775

Aida Swai (aswai@care.or.tz)

USAID/Tanzania:

Vicky Chuwa (vchuwa@usaid.gov)

Rene Berger (rberger@usaid.gov)

John Dunlop (jdunlop@usaid.gov)

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PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to help reduce

HIV/AIDS prevalence and increase the provision of care and support for children who

have been orphaned by HIV/AIDS. Volunteers

conduct outreach activities that include the

distribution of provisions to support household

security (such as food supplements and educational grants for school fees and supplies),

nurturing and spiritual counseling, and recreational activities for orphans and other vulnerable children and their caregivers. Three

NGOs will receive subgrants to scale up their

activities in support of orphans. The program

expects to reach 800 orphans by the end of

the project period.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Provided assistance to 224 orphans (87

boys and 137 girls)

 Recruited and trained volunteers from

five NGOs/CBOs to provide support and

care practices for orphans and vulnerable

children

 On behalf of the Department of Social

Welfare, used community volunteers to

conduct surveys of targeted households

where vulnerable children reside

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Assessment of orphan numbers and their

needs to effectively scale up care and support response

 Sponsor life skills and vocational training for

orphans

 Income-generating activities training for

caregivers of orphans

 Institute revolving funds for caregivers of

orphans

 Monitoring and technical assistance for

income-generation projects

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 IEC materials 

 Initial inputs for income-generating activities and business training for caregivers

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Training for trainers in appropriate strategies

for care and support of orphans and vulnerable children

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COUNTRY:

Tanzania

PROJECT:

Zanzibar NGO Integrated Support and

Partnership Program

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Africare/Tanzania

Grantees: Three to be determined

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2003-September 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$550,001
 Education and counseling

 Basic health and hygiene practices

 Caregivers’ peer education

 Business management/marketing

 Monitoring and evaluation

CONTACT INFORMATION

Africare/Tanzania:

Cheryl Danley, Resident Representative 

(cdanley@africare.or.tz)

P.O. Box 63187, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

USAID/Tanzania:

Vicky Chuwa (vchuwa@usaid.gov)

John Dunlop (jdunlop@usaid.gov)

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Tanzania 95
PURPOSE

JSI, through the AIM District Program, builds

the capacity of districts to expand critical

HIV/AIDS and TB services for communities and

families in 16 districts of Uganda. Working with

and through district structures and a broad

array of civil society organizations, AIM provides technical assistance, training, commodity support, and direct grants to build networks

of prevention, care, and support services at

district and subdistrict levels. 

The Program’s orphans and vulnerable children component focuses on expanding efforts

to address the unique needs of children

infected and affected by HIV/AIDS, as well as

on the needs of their caregivers. The needs of

orphans and vulnerable children vary by district, and each district is encouraged to develop innovative strategies to address the most

urgent issues using existing social and community structures within the broader context of

HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and support.

Activities include grants to strengthen families

and communities in supporting the needs of

orphans through income-generating activities

and training of community volunteers in psychosocial support. Other activities include

improving school attendance and retention,

addressing “whole life” needs of out-of-school

youth, and facilitating apprenticeship programs. In addition, for those children who are

living with HIV/AIDS, appropriate clinical care

is provided.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 The program provided grants to 50 districtbased organizations, including NGOs,

CBOs, and FBOs, and local district governments.

 The 50 grantees reach an average of 2,500

orphans and vulnerable children per quarter.

 Three national partners – the Uganda

Women’s Effort to Save Orphans, the

Straight Talk Foundation, and the National

Community of Women Living with HIV/AIDS

in Uganda – have undergone organizational development and strengthening to

ready them for providing technical assistance to their district constituents.

 Print messages and classroom instruction

reach 300,000 orphans per quarter with

information about basic life skills and HIV/STI

prevention.

96 Africa

Uganda

COUNTRY:

Uganda

PROJECT:

The AIDS/HIV Integrated Model (AIM) District

Program

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: JSI Research and Training Institute

Grantees: World Education and various

national and local organizations

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

May 2001-May 2006

USAID AMOUNT:

$38,000,000 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
 58,000 orphans per quarter receive economic and psychosocial support through

national-level interventions

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Training workshops for CBOs and district

officials in orphans and vulnerable children

support package in seven districts (UWESO

grant)

 Grants for vocational training skills and

apprenticeships within communities

 School-based support for orphans and

vulnerable children in eight districts

 Development and dissemination of 850

toolkits for orphans and vulnerable children

programming 

 At least 10 new grants awarded for support

to orphans and vulnerable children

 Technical assistance and institutional

support to grantees and district officials to

improve quality of services to orphans and

vulnerable children

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 AIM orphans and vulnerable children

strategy paper

 District HIV/AIDS needs assessment reports

 Support materials for NGOs and CBOs

working with orphans and vulnerable

children (available September 2004)

 Referral network for HIV/AIDS services

strategy

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Programming for initiatives related to

orphans and vulnerable children

 Training in child-centered communication

skills/approaches

 Networking, information sharing, and linkages with grassroots organizations assisting

orphans and vulnerable children

 Training in participatory methodologies for

orphans and vulnerable children activities

 Providing capacity building support to

grassroots organizations in conceiving and

writing proposals for activities related to

orphans and vulnerable children 

 Facilitating learning exchange visits

CONTACT INFORMATION

JSI Headquarters:

Andrew Fullem (afullem@jsi.com)

AIM/Uganda:

Michelle Bordeu (michelle@aimuganda.org)

Susan Kajura (mugizi@aimuganda.org)

USAID/Uganda:

Elise Ayers (eayers@usaid.gov)

Amy Cunningham (acunningham@usaid.gov)

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PURPOSE

The purpose of the project is to mitigate and

reduce the human impact of conflict in

Acholiland, Karamoja, West Nile, and Western

Uganda while supporting the increased use

and sustainability of social sector services.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Registered, fed, clothed, accommodated,

medically screened, and provided psychosocial rehabilitation services to 4,838

conflict-affected persons, including

orphans and vulnerable children

 Enrolled 2,985 persons, including orphans

and vulnerable children, in formal/remedial

educational, vocational, and apprenticeship programs

 Implemented economic development support activities for sustainable livelihoods for

conflict-affected populations, including

orphans and vulnerable children

 Trained 2,481 teachers, vocational instructors, and local artisans in psychosocial

issues, child rights, and classroom management

 Sensitized 1,976 district, community, traditional, and religious leaders on psychosocial issues

 Provided technical capacity building to

1,554 local partner staff and volunteers,

including district officials, community volunteers, and reception center staff

 Organized and facilitated training for 360

health professionals in institution-based

care, treatment, and counseling

 Organized and facilitated training for 371

community caregivers in home-based

HIV/AIDS care, treatment, and counseling

 Facilitated the development of communityand institutional-based HIV/AIDS caregiver

support services, including post-test clubs,

peer support networks, and psychosocial

counseling for 653 persons living with

HIV/AIDS

 Provided small loans, grants, and social

marketing sales opportunities for incomegeneration activities to 405 persons living

with HIV/AIDS, persons affected by

HIV/AIDS, and orphans and vulnerable children 

 Identified opportunities for partner services

in the care and treatment of 2,038 persons

living with HIV/AIDS and other target clients

98

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Uganda

COUNTRY:

Uganda

PROJECT:

Community Resilience and Dialogue

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: International Rescue Committee

Grantees: Voluntary Assocation for

International Service (AVSI); CARE; Catholic

Relief Services (CRS); Save the Children in

Uganda

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

September 2002-September 2007

USAID AMOUNT:

$12,900,000 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
PURPOSE

The POLICY II Project aims to build the institutional capability of the Inter-Religious Council

of Uganda (IRCU) to administer a small-grants

program patterned after USAID/Washington’s

Communities Organized in Response to

HIV/AIDS Epidemic (CORE) Values Initiative.

The Project will help strengthen the capacity

of IRCU and CBOs/FBOs to help communities

respond to the care and support needs of

persons living with and affected by HIV/AIDS,

particularly children.

The Project will participate in activities involving persons affected and infected by

HIV/AIDS by focusing on two major areas: 1)

legal rights, including guidelines on will-writing

and information on accessing legal services;

and 2) training in advocacy skills. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Assist local government, religious and cultural leaders, and other NGOs to seek a

permanent peaceful solution to the ongoing conflict in northern Uganda

 Target increased project assistance to

camps for internally displaced persons in

northern Uganda

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Best practices reports

 Standards and vocational training skills

manuals for ex-combatant reception

center 

 Lessons learned about implementing

psychosocial and HIV/AIDS activities in

conflict areas.

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

implementing multisector programs for

orphans and vulnerable children in conflictaffected areas.

CONTACT INFORMATION

International Rescue Committee:

Timothy Bishop (cop@ircuganda.co.ug)

USAID/Uganda:

Carol Jenkins (carjenkins@usaid.gov)

Elise Ayers (eayers@usaid.gov)

Amy Cunningham (acunningham@usaid.gov)

Robert Cunnane (rcunnane@usaid.gov)

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COUNTRY:

Uganda

PROJECT:

POLICY II Project

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Futures Group

Grantees: Inter-Religious Council of Uganda

and 30 partner faith-based community

organizations; the Uganda Association of

Women Lawyers (FIDA); Ministry of Justice;

the Uganda AIDS Commission; and a network

of 40 organizations of people living with

HIV/AIDS 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

2003-2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$378,000 + $200,000 under track 2 of the

President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief
KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 The Project helped 30 FBOs in seven districts

implement activities to benefit 4,159

orphans and other vulnerable children.

 The Project supported continued collaboration between a local legal expert and

the USAID-funded ARCH project to collect

and analyze information related to laws,

policies, and institutional arrangements

regarding orphans and other vulnerable

children.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Include results of the legal policy analysis in

Uganda’s comprehensive national orphans

and vulnerable children policy

 Provide, in English and four local languages, 40,000 persons living with HIV/AIDS

information on legal rights and accessibility

of services through a countrywide network

of 40 organizations of people living with

HIV/AIDS

 Provide 40,000 persons living with HIV/AIDS

guidelines in English and four local languages on will-writing in order to protect

property, disseminated through the 40-

organization network

 Provide advocacy skills to the leaders of

the network organizations to enable them

to advocate effectively for their rights and

accessibility to services 

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Five-year HIV/AIDS strategic plan

 Management manuals in finance, administration, human resources, and grants management (in process)

 Report of findings on laws and policies

related to orphans and vulnerable children

(in process)

 Brochures and guidelines related to rights

of persons living with HIV/AIDS and other

legal issues

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The Project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Strategic planning

 Developing processes and procedures to

manage grants, including technical assistance to potential grantees, review and

approval of applications, and monitoring

and evaluation of funded activities

 Organization development, including production of management manuals

 Legal and policy analysis on orphans and

vulnerable children issues

 Writing small grants applications

CONTACT INFORMATION

POLICY II Project:

John B. Kabera (policyproj@utlonline.co.ug)

USAID/Uganda:

Anne Kaboggoza-Musoke

(akaboggoza-musoke@usaid.gov

Elise Ayers (eayers@usaid.gov)

Amy Cunningham (acunningham@usaid.gov)

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PURPOSE 

The situation analysis of orphans in Uganda is

a collaborative research effort led by the

Center for International Health and

Development at Boston University School of

Public Health aimed at providing basic information on the situation of orphans and their

caregivers in Uganda. Research on the situation analysis began in May 2001 and included

an extensive literature review, a field survey of

326 selected orphan households in eight districts in Uganda, and national- and districtlevel interviews of representatives from the

main institutions and government agencies

working on issues affecting orphans in

Uganda. 

The stuation analysis has been used to guide

the development of Uganda’s National

Strategic Program Plan of Interventions for

Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children. Since

spring 2003, the project has provided technical support to six Uganda research teams,

each of which has undertaken applied

research on an issue relating to the health

and welfare of orphans in Uganda. These

activities are part of a broader program that

aims to provide the government of Uganda,

the donor community, and other institutions

with reliable data on orphans and their caregivers for the purpose of guiding national and

NGO policy on interventions to assist orphans

and their families. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Carried out the situation analysis based on

a comprehensive literature review and a

field survey of 326 households in the eight

districts of Apac, Katakwi, Kitgum, Masaka,

Masindi, Mbarara, Mpigi, Kitgum, and

Tororo, interviewing 310 orphans and 60

non-orphans in these households 

 Produced a CD-ROM containing more

than 600 pieces of literature reviewed by

the research team

 Held a proposal writing and development

workshop for eight Ugandan policy analytical and program evaluation teams in Jinja,

February 6-15, 2002

 Produced the final report of findings,

Situation Analysis of Orphans in Uganda:

Orphans and Their Households – Caring for

the Future Today, in November 2002 

 Commissioned six applied research studies

of more than 1,000 households to examine

health, psychosocial, legal, and welfare

aspects of orphaning in Uganda 

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Uganda 101

COUNTRY:

Uganda

PROJECT:

Situation Analysis of Orphans in Uganda and

Related Policy Guidance

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Center for International Health and

Development, Boston University School of

Public Health

Grantees: Makerere University Department of

Social Work and Social Administration;

Makerere University Institute of Psychology;

Makerere University Medical School; Regional

Centre for Quality Health Care; Institute of

Public Health (IPH), Makerere University;

Women and Law in East Africa

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

FY 2001-2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$500,000 
 Drafted the National Strategic Program

Plan of Interventions for Orphans and Other

Vulnerable Children in collaboration with

the Ugandan Ministry of Gender, Labour

and Social Development

 Commissioned a set of studies to address

key gaps in the orphans and vulnerable

children situation in Uganda 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Complete a monograph that contains the

key results of all six studies

 Assist and support the research teams in

further data analysis

 Assist and support the research teams in

the dissemination of their research results,

especially as regards articles for submission

to peer-reviewed journals

 Continue to disseminate results from

Situation Analysis of Orphans in Uganda:

Orphans and Their Households – Caring for

the Future Today

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Situation Analysis of Orphans in Uganda:

Orphans and Their Households – Caring for

the Future Today (PDF file available on CDROM and on the Boston University Center

for International Health and Development

Web site at http://www.bumc.bu.edu/

www/sph/cih/Images/s_a_final.pdf)

 Household survey instruments

(February 2002)

 Applied research study methodologies for

examining the situation of orphans

(February 2002)

 CD-ROM of more than 600 literature

reviews compiled by the research team

(November 2002)

 National Policy and Strategic Program Plan

of Interventions for Orphans and Other

Vulnerable Children in Uganda (December

2003)

 Matrix for estimating costs of interventions

focusing on orphans and vulnerable children 

 Four commissioned papers covering key

gaps in the literature on the orphan situation (December 2003)

 Six policy analyses and program evaluation

final reports (May 2004)

 Monograph Investigating the Well-Being of

Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children

(OVC) in Uganda (spring 2003)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Applied research study methodologies

 Study proposal development process

 Policy analyses methodology

 Program evaluation methodology

 Process for formulating national orphan

and other vulnerable children policies and

program plans

 Monitoring and evaluation methodologies

for interventions focusing on care for

orphans and vulnerable children

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PURPOSE

The TASO Child Support Initiative aims to

improve the quality of life of children affected

by HIV/AIDS and to build their capacity to

cope with the effects of HIV/AIDS by improving their literacy skills and helping them

acquire skills that are essential for survival. In

addition, the orphans and vulnerable children

of TASO clients are provided with practical

skills using an apprenticeship approach.

Through partnerships with the private sector,

TASO connects children to various trades for

on-the-job training. Training areas include

motor vehicle repair, tailoring, cooking, hairdressing, and bricklaying. It is anticipated that

after completing the training the children will

be able to find employment and support their

younger siblings.

In the Entebbe, Jinja, and Masaka centers,

423 children are assisted directly. The children,

who are among the most needy of TASO

clients, receive support for primary, secondary,

and vocational education expenses. The beneficiaries live within 75 kilometers of TASO service centers. 

Succession planning and writing of memory

books are two of the tools used by TASO to

help children and parents confront and plan

for death due to AIDS. Succession planning

involves a participatory process at the family

level through which parents are encouraged

to reveal their HIV status to children, to discuss

and write wills, to name heirs and guardians,

and to discuss the plans and aspirations that

parents wish to see their children accomplish

in the future. 

CONTACT INFORMATION

ARCH/Boston:

Kris Heggenhougen (kheggenh@bu.edu)

Tel: 617-414-1450

Lora Sabin (lsabin@bu.edu)

Tel: 617-414-1272

Kate Laurence (katel@bu.edu)

Tel: 617-414-1277

Makerere Institute for Social Research/

Kampala 

Dr. Nakanyike-Musisi (diremisr@infocom.co.ug)

Tel: 256-41-532207

Institute of Public Health/Kampala:

Dr. David Serwadda (direiph@infocom.co.ug)

Tel: 256-41-532207

USAID/Washington:

Neal Brandes (nbrandes@usaid.gov)

USAID/Uganda:

Elise Ayers (eayers@usaid.gov)

Amy Cunningham (acunningham@usaid.gov)

Robert Cunnane (rcunnane@usaid.gov)

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COUNTRY:

Uganda

PROJECT:

TASO Five-Year Strategy 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

FY 2003-2007

USAID AMOUNT:

$12,500,000
KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 423 children have received support (225 in

primary school, 198 in secondary school

and tertiary institutions).

 236 parents/guardians and 187 children

attended five joint workshops for TASO-supported children and their foster parents to

discuss issues pertaining to school performance and welfare of children.

 Clients wrote 74 memory books.

 27 teachers and non-teaching staff were

trained in basic child counseling to be able

to perceive the psychosocial needs of children and to offer appropriate assistance.

 187 parents and guardians were trained in

basic child counseling and child communication skills.

 429 support visits were made to schools.

 503 support visits were made to families.

 129 families received income-generating

activity funds. These were interest-free loans

intended to increase the incomes of foster

families to enable them to cope with their

increased economic demands.

 238 parents/guardians were trained in

income-generating (i.e, micro-enterprise)

management.

 118 children were supported with training

in apprenticeship skills.

 117 children benefited from life skills

workshops.

 237 support visits were carried out to

institutions.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

(USAID-funded activities in 2004 are limited to

TASO Masaka and TASO Entebbe)

 Train 74 additional children under the

apprenticeship scheme (skills training)

 Provide toolkits to children enrolled in

apprenticeship programs

 Offer more life skills workshops

 Train additional teachers and non-teaching

staff in the next phase of basic child counseling

 Make 108 support visits to institutions/workshops that support children

 Continue to visit schools and homes of supported children

 Provide parents and guardians of supported children with basic child counseling skills

 Train 81 clients in memory book writing 

 Support 125 children in primary schools and

125 in secondary and tertiary institutions

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Handbook on counseling HIV/AIDS-affected children

 Uganda Child Statute

 Memory book guidelines

 Income-generation activity

management notes

104

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PURPOSE

The project aims to alleviate the food insecurity of people living with HIV/AIDS and their

family members through direct feeding and

complementary programs. It is hoped that a

secondary benefit will be the mitigation of

devastating consequences of the effects of

HIV/AIDS, including the sale of fixed assets for

income and school absenteeism among girls.

Through the four implementing partners, the

project serves the 10 districts of Jinja,

Kampala, Luwero, Masaka, Mbale, Mbarara,

Mpigi, Ntungamo, Tororo, and Wakiso. It

directly targets 60,000 people -14,000 living

with HIV/AIDS and 46,000 immediate dependents, more than 80% of whom are children

aged 0 to16. Rigorous criteria were used in

selecting the 60,000 beneficiaries to ensure

that the most needy were targeted.

Food is distributed with the help of local village leaders and food distribution committees. Involving the community in this way has

the inherent benefits of encouraging community members to participate in the response to

HIV/AIDS, minimizing the stigma of those

affected, and ensuring that those most in

need are reached. Food is distributed only

after intensive counseling and education that

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Counseling HIV/AIDS-affected children

 Training materials

 Integrating HIV/AIDS care and prevention

in school settings

 Developing succession plans

 Developing NGO/private sector

partnerships

 Building life skills

 Establishing and monitoring apprenticeship

programs for vulnerable children

CONTACT INFORMATION

TASO:

Dr. Alex Coutinho

(coutinhoa@tasouganda.org)

USAID/Uganda:

Elise Ayers (eayers@usaid.gov)

Amy Cunningham (acunningham@usaid.gov)

Africa

Uganda 105

COUNTRY:

Uganda

PROJECT:

Title II HIV/AIDS LIFE Initiative

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: ACDI/VOCA 

Grantees: Africare; Catholic Relief Services

(CRS); The AIDS Support Organization (TASO);

World Vision/Uganda

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

September 2001-August 2006

USAID AMOUNT:

$33,000,000 in Title II food aid resources (a

portion supports children and families affected by HIV/AIDS)
focuses on the nutritional benefits of corn/soy

blend, preparation guidelines, acceptability,

and best hygiene practices. Communitybased workshops are organized to inform residents about the project.

As a complementary pilot effort, ACDI/VOCA

expects to integrate selected beneficiaries

into income-generating activities such as

improved agricultural practices. This pilot effort

will, hopefully, show that these practices can

offset the loss of a family’s income due to illness or death.

The project improves the health and living

standards of its beneficiaries through:

 Improved overall food security in beneficiary households

 Improved dietary diversity for people

affected by HIV/AIDS

 Increased and consistent use of nonfood

services offered by other implementing

organizations

 Improved nutritional status among recipients, especially children infected and

affected by HIV/AIDS

 Reduced stigma attached to HIV/AIDS

through involvement of communities in

food distribution and monitoring

 Integration of nutrition education into

HIV/AIDS prevention and care activities

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Served about 61,000 beneficiaries to date

(10%, adult males; 21%, adult females;

34.5%, males under age 16; 35.5%, females

under age 16)

 Developed and distributed booklet on

incorporating corn/soy blend into traditional diets

 Completed several outputs, including logistical and food distribution manuals, recipe

manual, nutritional banners, centralized

database, and training on compliance

with regulation 11

 Completed the baseline assessment in

March 2002 and presented it to each consortium member and USAID/Uganda

 Completed the HIV/AIDS annual impact

survey

 Achieved a decrease in school absenteeism among children in participating

households from 52% to 37%

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Train project staff in inventory and commodity management

 Finalize the monitoring and evaluation

guidelines

 Conduct a baseline assessment

 Distribute food

 Integrate nutrition education into mainstream counseling and care activities

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 HIV/AIDS: A Guide for Nutrition, Care and

Support

 Handbook on Nutritional Care and Support

for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS and Other

Household Members

 Monitoring and evaluation plan

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CONTACT INFORMATION

ACDI/VOCA:

Emmet Murphy

(emurphy-pl480@acdivoca-ug.org)

Africare:

Dr. Abdalla Meftuh

(abmeftuhl@africaonline.co.ug)

Catholic Relief Services (CRS):

Ben Phillips (bphillips@crsuganda.or.ug)

The AIDS Support Organization:

Dr. Alex Coutinho (tasodata@imul.com)

World Vision/Uganda:

Joseph Kamara Kihika (kihika@wvi.org)

USAID/Washington:

Bridget Ralyea (bralyea@usaid.gov)

USAID/Uganda:

Elise Ayers (eayers@usaid.gov)

Amy Cunningham (acunningham@usaid.gov)

Robert Cunnane (rcunnane@usaid.gov)

Africa

Uganda 107
PURPOSE

KidSAFE provides a continuum of care for

street children in Lusaka. Ongoing organizational capacity building by PCI has enabled

local partner Fountain of Hope and nine other

Zambian NGOs to expand the provision of

shelter, food, education, emergency medical

care, counseling, skills training, assistance with

income generation, and outreach to the

increasing number of street children. KidSAFE

also provides support for tracing and reintegrating children with their families and referral

and placement of children for whom reintegration is not possible. 

The project objectives are to::

 Reduce the number of street children

through family tracing and reintegration

 Prevent community-to-street drift of at-risk

children by equipping caregivers with basic

business skills and seed money for incomegenerating activities

 Build the capacity of local NGOs and CBOs

to design, implement, evaluate, and sustain effective programs serving street children and those at risk of ending up on

the streets

 Meet the basic needs of street and out-ofschool children through service provision at

KidSAFE centers

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 More than 4,200 children per day have

access to food, education, counseling,

health care, and recreational opportunities

through Africa KidSAFE street children

centers.

 Approximately 400 children are resident at

the centers, awaiting reintegration with

families or other placement.

 Income-generating activities are reaching

350 households through the caregivers’

programs.

 Nearly 200 children have been reintegrated with their families.

 50 youth and 12 trainers were trained in the

development of street businesses.

108 Africa

Zambia

COUNTRY:

Zambia

PROJECT:

Africa KidSAFE (Shelter, Advocacy, Food, and

Education)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Project Concern International (PCI)

Grantees: Fountain of Hope; Jesus Cares

Ministry; FLAME; Mthunzi; St Lawrence; Lazarus

Project; Anglican Children Project; Zambia

Red Cross Society; Movement of Community

Action for the Prevention & Protection of

Young People Against Poverty, Destitution,

Diseases and Exploitation (MAPODE); New

Horizon

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

August 2000-August 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$418,000
 In collaboration with Street Kids

International, 30 youth were trained in

Theatre for Development and are incorporating HIV/AIDS education in a variety of

media, including drama, dance, and poetry, for their peers.

 A partnership has been developed with the

private sector to support feeding for

approximately 300 children per day at two

street children centers.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Strengthen the KidSAFE service-provider

referral network and improve standards of

service delivery

 Explore expansion of the KidSAFE network

to other major urban centers of Zambia

 Develop adapted HIV/AIDS educational

materials targeting street and out-of-school

youth

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Intake (data collection) form for street children contacted through outreach efforts

 Computerized database of street children

 Street Kids International street business

toolkit and street health materials

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Organizational capacity assessment and

capacity building

 Child-centered outreach and support services with street youth

 Social welfare, health, and education services for street youth

 Drop-in centers/shelters for street youth

 Data collection methods for street children

 Income-generation and skills training for

mothers

 Community school development

 Partnership development and maintenance

CONTACT INFORMATION

Project Concern International:

Tom Ventimiglia, Country Director

(tom@pcizambia.org.zm)

Louis Mwewa, NGO Affiliates Manager

(louis@projectconcern.org)

Karen Romano, Program Officer

(kromano@projectconcern.org)

Tel: 858-279-9690

Web site: http://www.projectconcern.org

USAID/Zambia:

Marta Levitt-Dayal (mlevitt-dayal@usaid.gov)

Kennedy Musonda (kmusonda@usaid.gov)

Africa

Zambia 109
PURPOSE 

The CHANGES project has two main components, Community Sensitization and

Mobilization Campaign (CSMC) and School

Health and Nutrition, and two crosscutting

themes, HIV/AIDS activities and the small

grants mechanism.

CSMC is a government program being implemented under the Ministry of Education in

nine districts in Southern province. The ultimate

goal of CSMC is improved participation of

orphans and vulnerable children, especially

girls, in school. Specifically, that goal will be

reached by achieving key objectives in the

areas of education and HIV prevention:

 Sensitizing and mobilizing communities and

schools to issues of access to education;

designing and implementing interventions

to combat the constraints to girls’ education and education of other vulnerable

children

 Sensitizing and mobilizing communities and

schools to identify factors contributing to

the proliferation of HIV/AIDS; developing

and implementing strategies to eliminate

HIV risks to their children, the schools, and

the communities

The School Health and Nutrition component,

which began in April 2002, has addressed

orphans and vulnerable children through small

grants given to schools and CBOs that help

orphans and vulnerable children meet school

requirements (e.g., pencils and exercise

books) or provide feeding assistance.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 594 provincial, district, and zonal government officials trained and capacity built for

action in the campaign

 3,997 local leaders, school/parents association members, and teachers trained and

capacity built for action in the campaign

 237,189 schoolchildren sensitized and mobilized to take action concerning HIV/AIDS

and education for orphans and vulnerable

children, especially girls

 Continuing development of an instrument

to assist in collecting data on orphans and

vulnerable children in 20 schools

 Training of 35 pupils as HIV/AIDS peer educators in schools

 Training of 20 teachers in peer education

and management of anti-AIDS clubs

110

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Zambia

COUNTRY:

Zambia

PROJECT:

CHANGES Community Sensitization and

Mobilization Campaign (CSMC) and School

Health and Nutrition (SHN)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Creative Associates Inc.

Grantees: Ministries of education, health, and

community development

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

April 2001-July 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$8,978,316 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Scale up both the CSMC and School

Health and Nutrition components

 Conduct a situation analysis in target

schools on orphans and vulnerable children

 Strengthen linkages between health workers, schools, and communities

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Numerous IEC (flip charts, brochures, calendars, and posters)

 Tablet pole to determine bilharzia (schistosomiasis) treatment dosage

 Bilharzia (schistosomiasis) questionnaire

 School health and nutrition data management forms

 Teacher training manuals

 Drug administration manual

 Management manual

 Monitoring checklist

 Revised counseling manual

 Locally produced HIV/AIDS readers and

teachers guide

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise for other

projects in the following areas:

 Community mobilization and sensitization

 School health and nutrition, especially for

orphans and other vulnerable children

 General design and development of programs for school health and nutrition

Participatory research

 Theater development

 Multisector collaboration in

development work

 Training in gender and HIV/AIDS issues

CONTACT INFORMATION

CHANGES:

Private bag E891 postnet Box 447

Lusaka

Tel: 01-255269

E-mail: changes@zamnet.zm

CHANGES:

P.O.Box 61223

Livingstone

Tel: 03-321070

E-mail: schanges@zamnet.zm

USAID/Washington:

Brad Strickland (bstrickland@usaid.gov)

USAID/Zambia:

Cornelius Chipoma (cchipoma@usaid.gov)

Winnie Chilala (wchilala@usaid.gov)

Africa

Zambia 111
PURPOSE

The psychosocial support project is aimed at

improving the physical and emotional wellbeing of children living with HIV/AIDS and their

parents and guardians. The project uses a

family-centered approach and emphasizes

provision of physical and emotional care and

support for these children along the continuum of HIV/AIDS care and support to their parents and guardians. The interventions targeting children include provision of recreation

and play therapy, counseling, academic support for children admitted to hospital, clinical

reviews, and referral to other services. Parents

and guardians are provided psychosocial

counseling and IEC services to increase their

awareness of HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and

support. Other major project components are

mobilization of home-based care programs to

integrate and strengthen their skills and knowledge of providing care and support for children living with HIV/AIDS.

During the first year, the project initially implemented by the Family Support Unit at

University Teaching Hospital was extended to

two communities (Kanyama and Ng’ombe)

through local health centers in Lusaka. The

project is now scaled up on a pilot basis at

two additional sites in other cities (Arthur

Davison Children’s Hospital in Copperbelt

province and Mosi O Tunya Family Support

Center at Livingstone General hospital in

Southern province) to determine if the model

can be replicated by other provincial

hospitals.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Conducted a formative assessment on

care practices for children living with

HIV/AIDS at the University Teaching Hospital

and in the community 

 Reached 11,152 children and 8,364 parents

and guardians through different project

activities 

 Brought together children from all walks of

life in Kids Club activities to mingle and

play, resulting in reduced stigma and isolation of children living with HIV/AIDS 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Increase provision of family-centered care

for children living with HIV/AIDS

 Expand activities to reduce stigma and isolation for children living with HIV/AIDS 

 Improve referrals available to services for

HIV/AIDS care, including home-based care

112

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Zambia

COUNTRY:

Zambia

PROJECT:

Psychosocial Support for Children Living With

HIV/AIDS

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International (FHI)

Grantees: Family Support Unit of the University

Teaching Hospital; Arthur Davison Children’s

Hospital; the Mosi O Tunya Family Support

Center of Livingstone General Hospital 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2002-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$330,000
PURPOSE

The objectives of the project are to:

 Scale up Bwafwano’s successful care and

support services for persons living with

HIV/AIDS, TB patients, and orphans and vulnerable children

 Build the capacity of other communitybased home-based care organizations in

Zambia to successfully replicate the

Bwafwano model

 Develop a quality training system and standardized tools and materials, working with

the national AIDS commission and leading

home-based care organizations in Zambia,

that will facilitate the scale-up of community- and home-based care services by

Bwafwano and the other partner CBOs,

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Health education materials on management of common conditions affecting children living with HIV/AIDS

 Videos to sensitize community members on

importance of psychosocial support for

children living with HIV/AIDS

 Training materials for psychosocial counseling for HIV/AIDS

 Case management monitoring forms

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Training in psychosocial counseling and

child counseling

 Design and development of care and support programs for children living with

HIV/AIDS 

 Development of learning materials for care

and support for children living with HIV/AIDS

CONTACT INFORMATION

Family Support Unit:

Violet Bwalya, Manager

(famsupp@zamnet.zm)

Tel: 026-01-254931

FHI:

Karen Doll Manda (karen@fhi.org.zm)

Janet Chime (jchime@fhi.org.zm)

Batuke Walusiku (bwalusiku@fhi.org.zm)

Tel: 026-01-256493/4/5

USAID Zambia:

Kennedy Musonda (kmusonda@usaid.gov)

Marta Levitt-Dayal (mlevittdayal@usaid.gov)

Africa

Zambia 113

COUNTRY:

Zambia

PROJECT:

Scale-Up of Community and Home-Based

Care and Support Services for People Living

With HIV/AIDS, TB Patients, and Orphans and

Vulnerable Children (funded through Pact

Community REACH)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Project Concern International (PCI)

Grantees: Bwafwano Home-Based Care

Organization and JHPIEGO

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

July 2002-July 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$350,000
and to make these available through the

national AIDS commission to home-based

care programs nationally

To achieve these objectives, PCI provides

technical support, financial support, and other

capacity building to strengthen and scale up

the care and support services being offered

by the Bwafwano Community Home-Based

Care Organization in the Chipata and

Ngwerere catchment areas. Training packages for home-based caregivers and homebased care supervisors have been developed

and are being used throughout the country.

With technical support from the Futures Group,

operations research is assessing the impact of

interventions and various household characteristics on the well-being of orphans and vulnerable children.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 125 new and established home-based

caregivers and home-based care supervisors have been trained.

 1,373 orphans and vulnerable children are

registered and provided with a range of

care and support services, including psychosocial and medical care, nutritional

support, schooling, and income-generating

opportunities.

 1,556 people living with HIV/AIDS and 188

TB patients have been registered and provided with a range of care and support

services, including medical care, psychosocial support, nutritional support, palliative

care through home visits, and income-generating opportunities.

 Five newer community-based, home-based

care organizations have been selected

and linked with PCI and Bwafwano in mentoring relationships.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Finalize a caregivers training package,

including trainers guide, reference materials, and caregiver checklists for orphans

and vulnerable children

 Complete operations research data entry

and analysis

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Training-of-trainers home-based care

module

 Home-based caregiver reference materials

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects in the following areas:

 Home-based care for persons living

with HIV/AIDS and orphans and vulnerable

children

 Capacity building for local home-based

care organizations

 Training of caregivers of orphans and vulnerable children

CONTACT INFORMATION

Pact Community REACH:

Polly Mott, Program Director

(reachgrants@pacthg.org)

Project Concern International/Zambia:

Tom Ventimiglia, Country Director

(tom@pcizambia.org.zm)

Yvonne Mulenga, Program Support Manager

(Yvonne@pcizambia.org.zm)

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PURPOSE 

SCOPE works in 12 districts to mitigate the

impact of HIV/AIDS by strengthening the

capacities of communities to address the

needs of orphans and other vulnerable children. With technical support and guidance

from FHI, the project aims to:

 Strengthen district and community committees that address the needs of orphans

and other vulnerable children

 Expand the effectiveness and efficiency of

local CBOs and FBOs, government ministries, and private sector groups

 Mobilize, increase the scale of, and

strengthen community-led responses

and programs

 Provide technical assistance to communities and organizations in areas such as HIV

prevention, succession planning, community mobilization, and evaluation

The project works to establish a process of

community consultation, involvement, and

commitment whereby the local agenda

drives the process by providing ongoing assistance for interventions. This multisector

approach to community mobilization includes

an initiative to address household economic

security at a community implementation level

and small grants in order to target the priority

needs of orphans and vulnerable children and

their families and support community efforts to

mitigate the effects of HIV.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS 

 More than 135,000 orphans and vulnerable

children received services during 2003.

Project Concern International/Headquarters:

Janine Schooley, Vice President for Program

Development (jschooley@projectconcern.org)

USAID/Washington:

Ron MacInnis (rmacinnis@usaid.gov)

USAID/Zambia:

Marta Levitt-Dayal (mlevitt-dayal@usaid.gov)

Kennedy Musonda (kmusonda@usaid.gov)

Africa

Zambia 115

COUNTRY:

Zambia

PROJECT:

Strengthening Community Partnerships for the

Empowerment of Orphans and Vulnerable

Children (SCOPE-OVC)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantees: CARE International/Zambia and

numerous CBOs/NGOs/FBOs

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

January 2000-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT: 

$5,056,207
 Between October 2003 and March 2004,

the project reached 81,709 orphans and

vulnerable children.

 1,200 district directories of existing orphans

and vulnerable children stakeholders were

compiled and distributed, with 379 stakeholders profiled.

 12 district committees were established or

strengthened and are now able to assess

needs, develop action plans, mobilize

resources, coordinate implementation, and

monitor the progress of planned activities

to improve care for orphans and vulnerable children.

 Linkages between the orphan and vulnerable children committees and district development committees were strengthened in

order to ensure sustainability beyond the

project time frame. 

 130 community committees for orphans

and vulnerable children have been formed

or strengthened, and have identified problems faced by orphans and vulnerable children, prioritized the needs, and identified

possible solutions to these problems. 

 Since project inception, 131 grants worth

$887,882 have been disbursed (28% to

FBOs) to build the capacities of organizations and communities that support

orphans and vulnerable children. 

 1,564 primary and secondary school pupils

received educational support.

 835 caregivers/guardians and 111 traditional leaders received psychosocial support

training. 

 Three workshops were held for 79 media

personnel to orient the media network to

issues that affect children.

 61 people were trained as trainers in informal savings and lending schemes.

 Linkages to service providers for microfinance and business development were

strengthened, resulting in community

access to training and loans. 

 As a result of sensitization meetings on child

abuse, communities have formed support

groups to report cases of child abuse and

counsel or refer children who have been

abused. There has been an increase in the

number of reports on children being sexually abused.

 The SCOPE-OVC Project Final Review was

undertaken by FHI and the report was disseminated at a stakeholders meeting

attended by close to 100 people. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

Strengthen phaseout activities, which include:

 Strengthening coordination and resource

mobilization efforts of district and

community orphans and vulnerable

children’s committees

 Continuing implementation of psychosocial

support strategies through training of

guardians, community leaders, and traditional leaders

 Documenting and disseminating lessons

learned through dissemination forums;

 Stakeholder meetings; national, regional,

and international conferences; orphans

and vulnerable children media networks;

toolkits; and newsletters

 Improving quality of education by

enhancing skills of community school

teachers and provision of teaching and

learning materials

116

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Zambia
 Increasing access to education by linking

children to bursary schemes for primary

and secondary school education

 Improving management of community

schools by strengthening resource mobilization efforts of parent committees

 Strengthen household economics through

training in informal savings and lending

schemes and strengthening linkages with

appropriate service providers for agricultural input, support, training in business development, and marketing

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Training guidelines on community/resource

mobilization

 Psychosocial support strategy paper and

training materials

 Microfinance strategy paper

 Project brochure

 Project quarterly newsletters

 Revised external grants manual

 Internal grants manual

 Guidelines on organizational assessments/

development

 Psychosocial support survey for orphans

and vulnerable children (quantitative and

qualitative reports)

 Community school appraisal checklist

 Head of household survey report

 Voices from the Communities book

 Telling Our Stories, a tool to help children

cope with loss and grief

 Psychosocial support training manual for

traditional and community leaders

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects in the following areas:

 Training in community/resource

mobilization

 Organizational assessments/development

 Grants management

 Microfinance and income generation

 Psychosocial support for orphans and vulnerable children

 Networking and strengthening partnerships

 Monitoring and evaluation

 Information dissemination through the

media and discussion forums

 Formation and capacity building of district

and community committees for orphans

and vulnerable children

CONTACT INFORMATION

CARE International/Zambia Head Office:

Nevin Orange (orange@carezam.org)

Tel: 26-01-221838/221837/222477/221687

SCOPE-OVC Project Head Office:

Mary Simasiku, Project Manager

(mary@scope-ovc.org)

Abigail Musonda, Assistant Project

Manager/Organisational Development

Specialist (abigail@scope-ovc.org)

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Zambia 117
PURPOSE 

The Interactive Radio Instruction (IRI) Program

for Out-of-School Children and Orphans is a

collaborative effort among communities,

churches, NGOs/CBOs, the Ministry of

Education, Peace Corps, and the Education

Development Center (EDC). The Educational

Broadcast Services (EBS) division of the Ministry

of Education develops and broadcasts the

radio programs and develops supplementary

materials. The Ministry trains mentors and provides supervision and monitoring at participating learning centers. The EDC is complementing these efforts with provincial outreach coordinators who work closely with relevant

Ministry personnel under the supervision of the

provincial education officer. They visit centers

and communities to collect data, monitor

progress, coach and supervise mentors, and

encourage communities and NGOs to support

mentors and centers.

EBS has produced 855 programs for grades

one through five, which, in addition to language and mathematics, include science,

social studies, and life skills beginning at grade

two. In addition, the original grade one series

was revised in 2003 and replaced with 165

completely new programs, 15 of which are

designed for mentor training through radio.

Under USAID’s Associate Award, EDC has continued its assistance to EBS in the production

of radio programs and print materials, while

programs for grades one through four are

being revised. EDC has provided training

workshops for the IRI writers and technicians to

improve the production capacity of EBS. EDC

has also established a system of gathering

data more accurately and in a timely fashion.

In addition, EDC has developed partnerships

with six community radio stations in four

provinces for the purpose of encouraging

communities to support and promote education for all, particularly vulnerable children. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 EBS registered 516 centers with 22,763

learners in 2003.

Sebastian Chikuta, Assistant Project

Manager/Community Partnerships (sebastian@scope-ovc.org)

Tel: 26-01-255343/251695/252246

FHI/Zambia:

Karen Doll Manda (kmanda@fhi.org.zm)

Janet Chime (jchime@fhi.org.zm)

Tel: 26-01-256493/256494/256495

USAID/Mission: 

Marta Levitt-Dayal (mlevittdayal@usaid.gov)

Kennedy Musonda (kmusonda@usaid.gov)

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Zambia

COUNTRY: 

Zambia

PROJECT:

Zambia’s Interactive Radio Instruction

Program for Out-of-School Children and

Orphans

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

Education Development Center

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

March 2000-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$2,400,000
 855 30-minute programs for grades one

through five have been written, recorded,

and broadcast.

 165 programs, including 15 mentor training

programs for a new grade one series, incorporating the new “breakthrough to literacy” policy are being piloted in 2004.

 An evaluation of grade one learners

showed that learners are learning basic

literacy and numeracy skills.

 EDC engaged 11 provincial outreach coordinators to support Ministry of Education

staff at provincial and district levels.

 Peace Corps recruited 32 volunteers to

assist in building the capacity of communities in rural areas to support the program.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Review and revise programs for grades one

through four

 Improve the production capacity at EBS

 Develop systems to support the program

through partnerships with community radio

stations, churches, NGOs, etc.

 Evaluate the program impact by testing a

sample of learners

 Upgrade the monitoring and

evaluation system

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Scripts

 Mentors guide

 Recorded programs

 Evaluation data 

 Community radio station promotional

programs

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children

on the use of interactive radio instruction and

distance learning initiatives.

CONTACT INFORMATION

Education Development Center/Washington:

Michael Laflin (mlaflin@edc.org)

Tel: 202-572-3755

USAID/Washington:

Brad Strickland (bstrickland@afr-sd.gov)

USAID/Zambia:

Winnie Chilala (wchilala@usaid.gov)

Africa

Zambia 119
PURPOSE

The project uses a range of food security, crisis

mitigation, and economic strengthening interventions to help vulnerable populations cope

with the adverse economic effects of

HIV/AIDS and other crises (e.g., economic and

political). Primary interventions are in the areas

of microfinance, market linkages, agricultural

recovery, and microbusiness services for disadvantaged groups.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Because the Zimbabwe economy has deteriorated, the program has increasingly focused

on food security linked to income-earning

opportunities and includes the following

accomplishments:

 22,000 food-insecure households have

received seed loan packs for drought-tolerant crops such as black-eyed beans, white

sorghum, and finger millet in 18 of the

country’s 55 districts, thus improving both

food security and income potential.

 To date, LEAD has established 19,120 nutrition gardens (out of a target of 20,000)

using low-cost drip irrigation for growing

vegetables to enhance food security and

introduce cash income from selling surplus.

An additional 4,000 nutrition gardens are to

be established before June 2004 through

funding leveraged from partnering with

four other international NGOs.

 LEAD has promoted food security and

income-generating opportunities by brokering linkage agreements between private

sector buyers and 11,000 smallholder farmers. Crops and produce include paprika,

Michigan pea beans, groundnuts, tomatoes, chilies, and honey.

 LEAD has supported the leading microfinance institution to expand into rural areas.

The loan portfolio currently includes 21,000

micro-entrepreneurs and farmers who have

borrowed working capital for their business

and farms and have received microbusiness skills training. Furthermore, with LEAD

assistance, the village banks have surpassed their membership target of 6,500 by

1,729 and are an important source of credit

and savings for the poor farmers.

 Through working with 52,767 households

affected by HIV/AIDS and households with

orphans and vulnerable children. LEAD

reached and helped 241,480 orphans and

120 Africa

Zimbabwe

COUNTRY:

Zimbabwe

PROJECT:

Linkages for the Economic Advancement of

the Disadvantaged (LEAD)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Development Alternatives, Inc.

Grantee: International Capital Corporation

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

March 2001-March 2006 

USAID AMOUNT:

$12,500,000 (about $2,500,000 – $500,000 per

annum – includes support of children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
other vulnerable children. Targeted and

non-targeted interventions improved diets

by providing more nutritious food and

improved access to medicine and education by providing additional income. This

was achieved between October 2002 and

September 2003.

 In FY 2003, 3,417 orphans and vulnerable

children were beneficiaries in the LEAD

legal services voucher program.

 Through six business opportunity centers

spread across the country, LEAD has provided information on business opportunities

and HIV/AIDS, business skills training, and

Internet access to more than 5,400 feepaying customers.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Market linkages – design and manage

commercial out-grower schemes linked to

commercial buyers; provide needed agronomic business training and access to input

credit through guarantee schemes

 Support micro-finance – Help selected village banks and microfinance institutions

expand their membership through the introduction of new products, improved marketing techniques, and better management

and use of information systems 

 Promote drought-tolerant crops – Enhance

food security and create the potential for

earning additional income

 Promote household gardens – Provide better diets and potential income from vegetable growing using low-cost drip irrigation, a technology that offers labor savings

for HIV-affected households and involves

children in growing and tending of gardens

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Helping NGOs move toward a private sector outlook

 Building up the capacity of NGO staff

through management support and training

 Establishing market linkages between smallholder growers and commercial buyers

 Providing technical assistance and guidance for transforming NGO microfinance

institutions into commercial banks

 Providing technical support to three village

banks and their umbrella body

 Promoting drought-tolerant crops to

enhance seed and food security and create the potential for earning additional

income by linking growers with better

markets

 Promoting household nutrition gardens

using low-cost drip irrigation to improve

diets and create potential income from

growing crops

 Providing a wide range of agronomic training in garden layout, irrigation, natural pesticides, natural fertilizer, and other low-cost

practices that improve soil fertility and

enhance yields

 Providing legal services for AIDS-affected

families through a system that is empowering to rural women and the orphans they

care for

 Providing business training and communication services for youth and rural microentrepreneurs

Africa

Zimbabwe 121
CONTACT INFORMATION

Development Alternatives, Inc./Zimbabwe:

Paul Bundick (paul_bundick@dai.com)

Glenrose Poyah (glenrose_poyah@dai.com)

USAID/Zimbabwe:

Sarah Bishop (sabishop@usaid.gov)

Peter Halpert (phalpert@usaid.gov)

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Africa

Zimbabwe

PURPOSE

The STRIVE project’s overall goal is to improve

care and support services for orphans and vulnerable children in Zimbabwe. STRIVE’s objectives are to:

 Support and develop appropriate, effective, and sustainable community-based

approaches to supporting children affected by HIV/AIDS through participatory learning and action

 Improve the organizational capacity of at

least eight local organizations to deliver

high-quality care, support, and prevention

activities for children affected by AIDS and

their families

 Increase access to quality education for

children affected by AIDS, with a special

focus on girls

By enabling STRIVE partners to carry out innovative interventions, STRIVE identifies lessons

learned based upon the outcomes, cost

effectiveness, reliability, and quality of services

for children. A rigorous operations research

component documents and disseminates not

only sound practices but also the different

activity combinations that have the greatest

effect on the well-being of children affected

by HIV/AIDS. STRIVE interventions aim to

improve:

 Psychosocial status of orphaned and vulnerable children

 Nutritional status and food security

 Economic independence

 Access to quality education

COUNTRY:

Zimbabwe

PROJECT:

The STRIVE Project (Support to Replicable,

Innovative Community/Village-Level Efforts to

Support Children in Zimbabwe) 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Catholic Relief Services

(CRS)/Zimbabwe 

Grantees: Africare; Archdiocese of Bulawayo;

Batsiranai; Bethany; Bekezela; Catholic

Development Commission of Chinhoyi; Child

Protection Society; Farm Orphan Support

Trust; Intermediate Technology Development

Group; Salvation Army Masiye Camp;

Diocese of Mutare Community Care

Program; Rural Unity for Development

Organisation; SAVE the Children UK; Scripture

Union; Tsungirirai; Uzumba Orphan Trust

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

December 2001-June 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$2,635,840
KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Reached 128,851 children through both

focused direct interventions and indirect

assistance via block grants as of

December 2003

 Disbursed US$1,059,070 (ZW$1,808,243,699)

from October 2002 to September 2003

 Developed OVC Monitoring and Evaluation

Guide: A Resource Tool For Communityand Faith-Based Organizations Working to

Mitigate the Effects of HIV/AIDS on Children

 Conducted capacity assessments of eight

partner organizations and pre-award surveys for other partners

 Conducted mid-term review exercise in

May 2003 and published findings

 Conducted a special research study on the

coping strategies of vulnerable children in

Zimbabwe

 Participated in the development of the

Zimbabwe National Plan of Action for

Orphans and Vulnerable Children as a

member of the working party of officials

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Identify and document lessons learned and

sound practices, including effective models

of care and support for orphans and vulnerable children

 Conduct special studies on children affected by HIV/AIDS

 Facilitate a national orphans and vulnerable children forum to share findings from

the STRIVE project operations research

 Assist in Zimbabwe’s efforts to meet the

2005 UNGASS goals by “re-visioning” STRIVE

in support of the recently developed

Zimbabwe National Action Plan for

Orphans and Vulnerable children

 Form strategic partnerships in program

implementation with other organizations

for maximum reach and impact of

interventions

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

The CRS/Zimbabwe technical proposal and

the documents listed below are available on

request from the USAID/Zimbabwe and

CRS/Zimbabwe offices:

 STRIVE operations research strategy/

agenda

 Orphans and Vulnerable Children

Monitoring and Evaluation Guide: A

Resource Tool For Community and Faith

Based Organizations Working to Mitigate

the Effects of HIV/AIDS on Children

 Orphans and vulnerable children care and

support tool, which eliminates doublecounting of children and assesses the

depth of services provided

 Cost-effectiveness analysis tool for project

activities

 Sound practices/lesson learned report

 Report of the mid-term review of the STRIVE

Project, 2003

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Zimbabwe 123
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Supporting community initiatives to assist

orphans and vulnerable children and their

families

 Supporting community mobilization activities that help communities develop and

“own” orphan programs

 Assessing and building the capacity of

community-based groups

 Supporting psychosocial activities for

orphans and vulnerable children within

communities, with an emphasis on stigma

reduction

 Enhancing food security (access,

availability, and use)

 Providing education assistance

(direct assistance and block

grants/resource exchange)

 Developing monitoring and evaluation

tools and systems

 Training in how to avoid double-counting

of project beneficiaries

 Developing operations research strategies

for orphans and vulnerable children

projects

CONTACT INFORMATION

Catholic Relief Services/Zimbabwe:

Dr. Kirk Felsman (kfelsman@crszim.org.zw)

STRIVE Project Director 

103 Livingstone Avenue

P.O. Box CY 1111, 

Harare, Zimbabwe

USAID/Zimbabwe:

Peter Halpert (phalpert@usaid.gov)

Tonya Himelfarb (thimelfarb@usaid.gov)

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Zimbabwe
PURPOSE

The Africa Education Initiative (AEI) is designed

to increase access to quality basic educational opportunities and increase the number of

teachers in Africa, especially at the primary

school level. This multiyear initiative will provide

250,000 scholarships for African girls; train

420,000 teachers; produce 4.5 million locally

developed textbooks (and other learning

materials); and increase the role of parents in

their children’s education by working to make

school systems more transparent and more

open to reforms from parents.

Each of these objectives will also include a

provision to ensure that HIV/AIDS mitigation

and prevention efforts are incorporated. To

implement AEI, USAID will work closely with

host-country ministries of education, institutes

of higher education, local and international

NGOs, and the private sector. To meet the

Initiative’s goals, USAID will encourage new

partnerships to include foundations, faithbased groups, and other education stakeholders. The Initiative began in 2002 and has

developed a partnership with the Historically

Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU)

consortium, which will collaborate with African

educational institutions to develop, publish,

and distribute high-quality textbooks and

learning materials.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

To date, AEI has benefited 9,600 new teachers

through an improved preservice training system. Almost 88,000 experienced teachers

have had their skills upgraded though in-service training programs. Textbooks and other

learning materials in language arts and science have been printed and sent to Guinea

(500,000) and Senegal (270,000). The Girls

Scholarship Program has awarded 5,428

scholarships.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Provide scholarships for 250,000 girls in subSaharan Africa

 Partner African institutions with HBCUs in the

United States to provide 4.5 million textAfrica 125

Regional

COUNTRIES:

Multiple

PROJECT:

Africa Education Initiative (AEI)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

1.) Textbooks and other learning materials

component:

Primary: Hampton University

Grantees: Elizabeth City State University;

Albany State University; Dillard University;

Alabama A&M University; St. Augustine’s

College.

2.) The Ambassadors’ Girls Scholarship

Program: To be determined 

3.) Teacher training component:

Primary: International Foundation for

Education and Self-Help

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

FY 2002-2007

USAID AMOUNT:

$200,000,000
PURPOSE

The project’s purpose is to build African

capacity for the care of children infected and

affected by HIV/AIDS.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Provided technical assistance for training

health workers in comprehensive care of

HIV- infected children

 Provided training in antiretroviral therapy

for HIV-infected children

 Provided technical assistance in coordinating the development of evidence-based

guidelines for clinical care and training

 Published handbook on critical issues in

pediatric HIV/AIDS care in Africa

 Produced guidelines for health workers on

counseling HIV-infected mothers on infant

feeding to prevent mother-to-child HIV

transmission

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Advocate for improved access to antiretroviral therapy and psychosocial support for

children living with HIV/AIDS

 Provide training for antiretroviral therapy for

HIV-infected children

 Establish appropriate linkages with organizations working in PMTCT to improve followup care for HIV-exposed infants

 Provide technical assistance for developing

models of pediatric care with integrated

psychosocial support

books and other learning tools for children

in Africa

 Train more than 160,000 new teachers

 Provide in-service training for more than

260,000 existing teachers

 Address HIV/AIDS issues through education

 Involve parents and communities in

education

CONTACT INFORMATION

USAID/Washington:

Dr. Sarah Moten (smoten@usaid.gov)

Charles Feezel (cfeezel@usaid.gov)

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Africa

Regional

COUNTRIES: 

Multiple East, Central, and Southern African

countries

PROJECT:

African Network for the Care of Children

Affected by HIV/AIDS (ANECCA)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION: 

Regional Centre for Quality of Health Care,

Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

FY 2000-2004 

USAID AMOUNT:

$250,000 
PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Job aid on counseling mothers for infant

feeding to prevent mother-to-child HIV

transmission

 Handbook on pediatric AIDS in Africa

 Statement on the importance of early

diagnosis and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis for HIV-exposed infants

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Development of clinical care and counseling guidelines

 Training in pediatric AIDS care

 Mentoring

CONTACT INFORMATION

Regional Centre for Quality of Health Care:

Dr. Denis Tindyebwa, HIV/AIDS Advisor

(dtindyebwa@rcqhc.org)

USAID/REDSO:

Mary Pat Kieffer (mkieffer@usaid.gov)

Africa

Regional 127

PURPOSE

C-SAFE’s goal is to improve household food

security in targeted communities in Malawi,

Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The strategic objectives are to:

 Improve/maintain the health and nutritional status of vulnerable communities and

households 

 Increase productive assets among vulnerable communities and households

 Increase resilience to food security shocks

among vulnerable communities and households

Activities under the third objective remain

unfunded, as do several activities under the

second.

C-SAFE provides nutritional support (food aid)

through ongoing service providers targeting

children under 5 years of age, children and

adults affected and infected by HIV/AIDS,

and households affected by chronic illnesses.

C-SAFE partner agencies have applied other

donor funding to augment the food aid interCOUNTRIES: 

Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe

PROJECT:

Consortium for Southern Africa Food Security

Emergency (C-SAFE)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Catholic Relief Services (CRS)

Grantees: World Vision, CARE

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2002-September 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

Approximately $125,000,000 for year two

(October 2003-September 2004), including

the value of commodities and ocean and

inland freight costs
vention with activities to improve capacity

and facilitate service delivery to children

and their parents/caregivers. These

activities include:

 Training for home-based caregivers in nutrition, home nursing, psychosocial support,

palliative care, TB treatment support, and

identification of children at risk

 Support for clinics and health care centers

serving underweight and malnourished

under-5-year-olds through supplementary

feeding programs

At the partner level, orphans and vulnerable

children programming linked to or using CSAFE food support focuses on providing psychosocial support via playgroups, training

youth caregivers, and improving school retention and educational outcomes.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

C-SAFE became fully operational in May 2003

when the first commodities arrived. Using the

peak figures from first six months of the current

fiscal year (October 2003-March 2004) as a

guide, the approximate number of orphans

receiving food per month through C-SAFE’s

member agencies has been established as:

 Malawi – 4,063

 Zambia – 24,195 

 Zimbabwe – 35,330

While these children were identified as requiring food support through a variety of mechanisms, C-SAFE’s approach has been to deliver

a household ration to protect the health and

nutritional status of beneficiaries. The figures

above indicate the number of children identified as primary beneficiaries but does not

reflect the number of food aid recipients

(secondary beneficiaries) at household level. 

C-SAFE is also providing support to clinics and

health care centers serving underweight and

malnourished under-five-year-olds through

supplementary feeding programs. At the partner level, OVC programming linked with CSAFE food support focuses on providing psychosocial support via play groups, training for

youth caregivers and improved school retention and educational outcomes.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Seek funding to implement efforts for building community resilience to food security

shocks, a critical component of C-SAFE’s

“developmental relief” approach

 Harmonize project targeting practices

 Draw lessons learned from past and current

HIV/AIDS programming (including orphanspecific programs)

 Help disseminate these lessons and put

them into practice by consortium members

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

All of the materials used in the field by the

project are hard-copy versions only. The

home-based care training modules and guidance and the orphans and vulnerable children guidance may be available in electronic

versions from the headquarters of the member

private voluntary organizations. Requests for

these items should be made to Kate

Greenaway (Kate_Greenaway@c-safe.org).

CONTACT INFORMATION

World Vision International: 

Colette Powers (cpowers@worldvision.org)

Derick Brock (derick_brock@wvi.org)

128

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PURPOSE

EDDI is an African-led commitment from the

U.S. government to strengthen the educational systems and democratization process of

sub-Saharan Africa through linkages with the

United States. EDDI’s goal is to integrate

African countries into the global community of

free market democracies through targeted

and innovative approaches to education and

citizen involvement. The Initiative follows a policy of inclusion to ensure that girls with special

needs, including orphans due to HIV/AIDS, are

supported through scholarships.

Strategies include:

1.) Creating an enabling environment by:

 Securing a commitment to cooperation

from government agencies and African

policymakers

 Relying on existing U.S. government structures, such as those within the General

Services Administration, the Department of

Interior, USAID overseas missions, and U.S.

embassies, to support project implementation and management

Catholic Relief Services: 

Orhan Morina (omorina@crszam.org.zm)

CARE: 

Sylvester Kalonge (skalonge@caremalawi.org)

C-Safe, South Africa: 

Kate Greenaway 

(Kate_Greenaway@c-safe.org)

USAID/Washington:

Judy Canahuati (jcanahuati@usaid.gov)

Leslie Petersen (lpetersen@usaid.gov)

Africa

Regional 129

COUNTRIES:

Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,

Burundi, Cape Verde, Cameroon, Central

African Republic, Chad, Congo-Brazzaville,

Democratic Republic of the Congo,

Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon,

Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,

Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia,

Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania,

Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger,

Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome & Principe,

Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa,

Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,

Zimbabwe

PROJECT:

Education for Development and Democracy

Initiative (EDDI)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

EDDI is directed by the National Security

Council, administratively housed at USAID

and administered through an interagency

working group that includes the State

Department, Peace Corps, General Services

Administration, Department of the Interior,

associated government agencies of the

Environmental Protection Agency, and

the Departments of Education, Agriculture,

and Transportation, as well as over 230 U.S.

and 350 African implementing partners

(NGOs, higher education institutions, small

businesses, etc).

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

FY 1998-2004

USAID AMOUNT: 

$138,000,000 
2.) Following a set of EDDI steering

principles and cross-cutting themes,

including a focus on: 

 Gender

 Capacity building

 Economic development

 Workforce development

 HIV/AIDS mitigation through education

 Public-private sector partnership

3.) Achieving a set of intermediate results,

including:

 Developing and disseminating knowledge

and guidance

 Increasing access to education

 Increasing access to democracy

 Increasing access to technology

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Awarded over 270 projects in 43 countries

 Included implementing partners and benefiting institutions in 35 U.S. states

 Built capacity and expanded the number

of historically disadvantaged institutions in

the United States that can deliver programs

in Africa

 Upgraded technology capacity and use in

hundreds of African institutions

 Leveraged an additional $35 million from

outside sources

 Established a model for interagency

cooperation

 Benefited over 6 million economically and

educationally disadvantaged students,

teachers, physically challenged persons,

women, minorities, entrepreneurs, and children affected by HIV/AIDS and other particularly vulnerable groups

 Awarded EDDI scholarships in 38 African

countries to more than 20,000 at-risk girls

and women 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 International studies partnerships to facilitate exchanges between students and

educators in Africa and the United States

 University partnerships to establish workforce development systems and strengthen

technology links, information resources, curriculum reform, marketable skills, joint

research, and teacher training

 Community resource centers to serve as

community technology and resource hubs

 The Ambassadors’ Girls Scholarship

Program to help economically and socially

disadvantaged girls and women to finish

primary, secondary, or tertiary/vocational

school

 Technology partnerships to enhance

African institutions’ capacity to bridge the

digital divide

 Economic entrepreneurial training to provide skills training and capacity building to

entrepreneurs, training institutions, and

small businesses

 Democracy and governance partnerships

to improve the capacity for government

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Africa

Regional
PURPOSE

The project supports integrated food security

and nutrition programming to improve the

health and well-being of women and children.

As part of this work, FANTA provides technical

support to improve food security and nutrition

interventions aimed at mitigating the effects

of HIV/AIDS on individuals, households, and

communities. The project’s primary countries

are Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, and Zambia.

Through regional work in eastern and southern

Africa, the project’s activities have also included Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique,

Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania,

and Zimbabwe.

The main objectives of FANTA’s HIV/AIDS

activities are to:

 Strengthen nutritional care and support for

people living with HIV/AIDS and for others

affected by the pandemic

 Strengthen programs and other efforts

aimed at supporting the capacities of individuals, households, and communities to

address the food security impacts of

HIV/AIDS

 Promote and support the effective application of food security interventions, including

the use of food and food aid, to mitigate

the impact of HIV/AIDS on individuals,

households, and communities

institutions, higher education institutions,

government officials and leaders, and citizens to participate in active democracies

CONTACT INFORMATION

The Education for Development and

Democracy Initiative: 

Dr. Sarah E. Moten, Coordinator 

Tel: 202-712-5220; Fax: 202-216-3381

Web site: http://www.eddionline.org

1300 Pennsylvania, Avenue, NW

Washington, DC 20523-4600

USAID/Washington:

Charles Feezel (cfeezel@usaid.gov)

Africa

Regional 131

COUNTRIES:

Botswana, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi,

Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, South

Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda,

Zambia, Zimbabwe 

PROJECT:

Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance

(FANTA)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Academy for Educational

Development (AED)

Grantees: Regional Centre for Quality of

Health Care (RCQHC), Kampala;

Commonwealth Regional Health Community

Secretariat (CRHCS), Arusha, Tanzania

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 1999-September 2008

USAID AMOUNT:

Bureau for Global Health, Office of HIV/AIDS:

$375,000

Regional Economic Development Services

Office for Eastern and Southern Africa

(REDSO/ESA): $505,000

Country missions: $1,050,000

Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and

Humanitarian Assistance, Food for Peace

program: $75,000
KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 In collaboration with RCQHC and other

AED projects, FANTA developed and disseminated Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: A

Training Manual (2003). 

 FANTA, in collaboration with regional partners, supported regional workshops to assist

country teams with the development and

application of national guidelines for

HIV/AIDS nutritional care and support. 

 FANTA supported national stakeholders in

Uganda in developing Nutritional Care and

Support for People Living with HIV/AIDS in

Uganda: Guidelines for Service Providers

(2004) and Improving the Quality of Life

through Nutrition: A Guide for Feeding

People Living with HIV/AIDS (Uganda,

2004).

 FANTA developed and disseminated Food

and Nutrition Implications of Antiretroviral

Therapy in Resource-Limited Settings (2003),

which provides information about the

interactions between ART and nutrition

and guidance about program management of these interactions to ensure

effective therapy. 

 HIV/AIDS: A Guide for Nutrition, Care and

Support was developed and disseminated

to a range of private and voluntary organizations, government agencies, donors,

AIDS service organizations, CBOs, and others involved in HIV/AIDS care and support.

This document provides guidance to help

program managers make informed recommendations about food management and

nutrition issues for households with members

living with HIV/AIDS. 

 FANTA provided technical support to

improve programming and monitoring and

evaluation of Title II HIV/AIDS programs in

Malawi, Uganda, Rwanda, Kenya, and

Zambia. These programs target households

affected by HIV/AIDS with supplementary

food assistance combined with a range of

health, nutrition, and educational services.

FANTA’s technical assistance has led to

improved monitoring and evaluation systems and program refinements. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES 

 Develop a programming guide for uses of

food to support HIV/AIDS mitigation in highprevalence countries

 In collaboration with a regional partner

and other AED projects, develop counseling materials on nutrition and HIV/AIDS for

use in programs and services in Uganda

and for adaptation to other countries in the

region

 Produce, in collaboration with regional

partners in eastern and southern Africa, a

nutrition and HIV training manual for nurses

and midwives, which will include sessions

on nutrition and HIV in young children and

adolescents, infant feeding, and PMTCT

 Adapt existing training materials, such as

Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: A Training Manual,

for the Rwandan context

 Develop materials and training information

to support the management of ART-nutrition interactions in ART services in the East

and Southern Africa regions, with a focus

on Kenya, Rwanda, and Zambia

 Adapt existing nutritional care and support

counseling materials for use at the community level by community-based volunteers,

caregivers, and family members of people

living with HIV/AIDS in Zambia

 Determine the appropriateness of using the

“community therapeutic care” (CTC)

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Africa

Regional
approach to provide care and support to

severely malnourished people living with

HIV/AIDS, including infants and children

 Produce and disseminate the revised version of HIV/AIDS: A Guide for Nutrition, Care

and Support to support programs and services in planning food management and

nutritional responses to HIV/AIDS

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

The following items are available to be shared

with other projects:

 Nutritional Care and Support for People

Living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda: Guidelines

for Service Providers (2004)

 Improving the Quality of Life through

Nutrition: A Guide for Feeding People Living

with HIV/AIDS (Uganda, 2004) 

 Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: A Training

Manual (2003)

 Food and Nutrition Implications of

Antiretroviral Therapy in Resource-Limited

Settings (2003)

 Handbook: Developing and Applying

National Guidelines on Nutrition and

HIV/AIDS (2003)

 HIV/AIDS Mitigation: Using What we Already

Know (2002)

 HIV/AIDS: A Guide for Nutrition, Care and

Support (2001)

 Potential Uses of Food Aid to Support

HIV/AIDS Mitigation Activities in SubSaharan Africa (2000)

 The Potential Role of Food Aid for AIDS

Mitigation in East Africa: Stakeholder

Views (2000)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 HIV/AIDS mitigation

 HIV/AIDS nutritional care and support

 National guideline development

 Food security

 Monitoring and evaluation

 Agriculture and nutrition linkages

 Use of food aid to support HIV/AIDS program objectives, including mitigation, care

and support, and food for education

CONTACT INFORMATION

Academy for Educational Development:

1825 Connecticut Avenue, NW 

Washington, DC 20009

Bruce Cogill, Project Director

(bcogill@aed.org)

Tel: 202-884-8722; Fax: 202-884-8432

Sandra Remancus (sremancu@aed.org)

Patricia Bonnard (pbonnard@aed.org)

Tony Castleman (tcastlema@aed.org)

USAID/Washington: 

Eunyong Chung (echung@usaid.gov)

Julie Chitty (jchitty@usaid.gov)

USAID/REDSO/ESA: 

Janet Hayman (jhayman@usaid.gov)

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PURPOSE

The World Food Program (WFP) and World

Vision have formed a partnership to pilot an

HIV/AIDS and school feeding project. This joint

programming aims to benefit orphans and

other children affected by HIV/AIDS as well as

their families and/or caregivers. WFP provides

food assistance that is linked with complementary activities implemented by World

Vision to mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS.

School feeding activities are implemented in

the context of programs focused on children

affected by HIV/AIDS in high-impact countries.

The objectives of the pilot project are to:

 Develop a partnership of equals

 Build on comparative advantages

 Focus on complementary activities

 Apply lessons learned from pilot project

 Provide feedback to improve strategic

partnerships

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Strategic discussions between the two

organizations resulted in the development

of the guiding principle of the partnership,

protocols for engagement at the field level,

and country-level terms of references for

the field missions.

 Five country missions have taken place in

Mauritania, Sierra Leone, Burundi, Rwanda,

and Uganda.

 Each country completed an analysis of the

current partnership by examining strengths

and weaknesses of current programming,

documenting lessons learned, and highlighting benefits of the partnership itself. The

teams then identified areas of potential

collaboration and defined initial activities

and lines of work. The project documentation is currently being elaborated.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Conduct field missions to Zimbabwe to support joint programming exercise

 Secure additional resources and fund raising for new activities 

 Hold joint meeting in Africa region to monitor progress, gather lessons learned, and

share experiences (November/December)

 Provide additional program support from

headquarters and regional offices

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Africa

Regional

COUNTRIES:

Burundi, Mauritania, Rwanda, Sierra Leone,

Uganda, Zimbabwe

PROJECT:

HIV/AIDS and School Feeding Pilot Project

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: World Food Program

Grantee: World Vision 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

FY 2004-2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$250,000
PURPOSE

The Local Links for OVC Support project builds

and strengthens the capacity of families and

communities to provide quality care and support to orphans and vulnerable children.

Based on an assessment of need and

urgency, it targets defined geographic areas

in Kenya and South Africa. Local Links builds

upon CARE’s existing in-country presence and

network of partners including FBOs, CBOs,

NGOs, and local government institutions. It

features the replication and scaling up of

“best practices” for care and support of

orphans and vulnerable children. Project

activities are multisectoral and coordinated

with other programs and activities in the

HIV/AIDS arena. 

The Local Links project strengthens the capacity of families to cope with their problems;

mobilizes and strengthens community-based

responses; works to ensure that governments

develop appropriate policies, including legal

and programmatic frameworks and essential

services for the most vulnerable children; and

features strong partnerships with in-country

organizations. Community ownership of interventions is of paramount importance. 

The project’s three strategic objectives are to:

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

Documentation available at www.wfp.org:

 Widening the Window of Hope: Using Food

Aid to Improve Access to Education for

Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in

Sub-Saharan Africa

 Getting Started: HIV/AIDS Education in

School Feeding Programs

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Materials on school-based interventions

and orphans and vulnerable children

 Linkages to field-based operations focusing

on food-assisted interventions for children

and families affected by HIV/AIDS

CONTACT INFORMATION

Project: 

Robin Jackson (Robin.Jackson@wfp.org)

Katherine Finberg 

(Katherine.Reed-Finberg@wfp.org) or 

Gernot Ritthaler (Gernot.Ritthaler@wfp.org)

USAID/Washington: 

Julie Chitty (jchitty@usaid.gov)

Judy Canahuati (jcanahuati@usaid.gov)

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COUNTRIES: 

Kenya, South Africa

PROJECT: 

Local Links for OVC Support

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: CARE

Grantees: South Africa – Church of the 

Province of Southern Africa); Teba 

Development; others to be confirmed

Kenya – Kenya AIDS NGO Consortium

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

FY 2004-2007

USAID AMOUNT: 

$5,225,197
 Strengthen the economic coping mechanisms of families and communities

 Strengthen the capacity of local organizations to meet the needs and protect the

rights of orphans and vulnerable children

 Reduce stigma (Kenya) and improve advocacy efforts (South Africa) on behalf of

orphans and vulnerable children

In Kenya, Local Links is based in Kibera, a disadvantaged slum community in Nairobi with a

population of over 500,000 people. In South

Africa, it is based in selected rural districts of

some of the country’s poorest provinces (initially Free State and Limpopo, with later

expansion to Eastern Cape). 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Work has just commenced.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Develop programs and services in business

development, microfinance, and village

savings and loan associations

 Conduct institutional assessments and

develop and implement information sharing, networking, and training programs for

orphan and vulnerable children organizations and service providers that respond to

local priorities

 Kenya – Develop training and community

outreach activities to reduce stigma

 South Africa – Develop advocacy action

plans, training, and a communication

strategy 

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS 

 Livelihood assessment training manuals

 Capacity assessment tools for civil society

organizations

 Service provider scorecard assessment

tools

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects in the following areas:

 Community mobilization

 Economic safety nets with a focus on voluntary savings schemes

 Promoting livelihood security for vulnerable

groups

 Peer education and behavior change

communication

CONTACT INFORMATION

South Africa:

CARE South Africa - Lesotho

Joanne Abbot (joabbot@caresa.co.za)

Tel: 27-11-403 3288

Web site: www.caresa-lesotho.org.za

Kenya:

CARE Kenya

Elizabeth Owuor-Oyugi (Elizabeth@care.or.ke) 

Tel: 254-2-710069

CARE USA:

Barbara Wallace (bwallace@care.org)

Tel: 404-979-9367

Web site: www.care.org

USAID/South Africa:

John Crowley (jcrowley@usaid.gov)

Anita Sampson (asampson@usaid.gov)

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Africa

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PURPOSE

The purpose of the project is to bring together

representatives from research teams in southern Africa that have recently completed or

are involved in research on the welfare of

orphans and vulnerable children in the context of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The purpose of

the meeting will be to:

 Identify current forms of research

 Identify gaps in research

 Identify difficulties and solutions (including

methodological innovations) to research

design and implementation

 Identify challenges for scientific research in

this field

 Establish a foundation that includes lessons

learned and guidelines for research design

and implementation and that identifies

gaps in the research

 Produce a document for dissemination to

research and intervention agencies

The meeting will be an exploratory intervention intended to draw out and synthesize

many of the issues, challenges, and problems

for research, and will include critical issues that

need to be addressed by state welfare agencies. The meeting is not intended to be comprehensive or to cover all the issues associated with research on orphans and vulnerable

children but rather will provide an initial platform from which to develop knowledge on

pertinent issues and a network of research

work in Africa.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

HEARD, in partnership with the Boston

University’s Center for International Health, is

currently completing the protocol for a fiveyear orphan welfare research project.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Hold the two-day meeting

 Prepare a report for dissemination to other

researchers and agencies

USAID/Kenya:

Cheryl Sonnichsen (csonnichsen@usaid.gov)

Warren Buckingham

(wbuckingham@usaid.gov)

Janet Paz-Castillo (jpaz-castillo@usaid.gov)

USAID/Washington:

Victor Barbiero (vbarbiero@usaid.gov)

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COUNTRIES:

Multiple Southern Africa countries

PROJECT:

Orphan Researcher Meeting

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research

Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

FY 2003-2004 

USAID AMOUNT:

$27,852
PURPOSE

The SCALE-UP HOPE Program will take community response programming for orphans and

other vulnerable children to greater scale in

Ethiopia and Mozambique through community mobilization and capacity building activities. The program’s approach is shaped by

proven community mobilization and capacity

building methodologies (e.g., the STEPs

Program in Malawi, formerly known as COPE)

and stresses leveraging and expanding local

capacity to sustainably address the challenges faced by orphans and other vulnerable children. 

Central to the SCALE-UP HOPE Program strategy is a commitment to comprehensive care,

support, and prevention interventions through

child-centered programs that promote and

protect the rights of the child while simultaneously meeting their immediate needs. The

SCALE-UP HOPE Program aims to benefit

about 48,000 children affected by HIV/AIDS in

five regions of Ethiopia and just over 41,000

children in at least four provinces of

Mozambique over the three-year life of the

program. The program will scale up access to

education, livelihoods, and psychosocial support for a defined set of children in the initial

targeted regions and provinces. As the program succeeds in reaching an increased

number of orphans and vulnerable children, it

will expand coverage to include more children affected by HIV/AIDS in the target areas.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Project is newly funded.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Training and support in community mobilization strategies to facilitate a comprehensive community-wide response

 Discuss the options for using this platform for

further activities, depending on the workshop’s results

CONTACT INFORMATION

HEARD/South Africa: 

Tim Quinlan (quinlant@ukzn.ac.za)

Web site: http://www.heard.org

USAID/Washington: 

Benedicte Moncenis (bmoncenis@afr-sd.org)

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Africa

Regional

COUNTRIES:

Ethiopia, Mozambique

PROJECT:

SCALE-UP HOPE Program (International Save

the Children Alliance Expanded-Unified

Partnership With the Hope for African

Children Initiative)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Save the Children USA (on behalf of

the SC Alliance)

Grantees: Save the Children Norway; Save

the Children UK; Hope for African Children

(HACI) Partners (CARE, Plan International,

World Vision, World Conference on Religion

and Peace, Society for Women and AIDS in

Africa); HACI grantees in Ethiopia and

Mozambique.

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

February 2004-February 2007

USAID AMOUNT:

$5.900,000
 Strengthen the institutional capacity of

existing community groups to plan, implement, and monitor and evaluate programs

through training, mentoring, and support

 Provide subgrants and support to local

groups to sustain and expand the provision

of HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and support

services

 Facilitate strong networks and coordination

of essential services in collaboration with

local government structures

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Community Action Cycle (CAC) methodologies (currently available)

 STEPs (Scaling-Up HIV/AIDS Interventions

Through Expanded Partnerships) manual

Community Mobilization Handbook for

HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care and Impact

Mitigation (currently available)

 Criteria for identifying orphans and vulnerable children and HIV/AIDS-affected households community guide (available

September 2004)

 Adapted survey instruments for monitoring

orphans and vulnerable children and

HIV/AIDS-affected households targeted by

SCALE-UP HOPE and other organizations

assisting them

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Community mobilization – CAC cycle,

STEPs manual

 Networking – HACI technical exchange

networks (TENs)

 Monitoring and evaluation – Criteria for

selecting and monitoring orphans and vulnerable children programs

CONTACT INFORMATION

Ethiopia:

Save the Children/USA

PO Box 387

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (location: Woreda 23,

Kebele 13 between Nur Salaam College and

Besret Gebriel Church)

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Tel: 011-251-1-72-84-55; Fax: 011-251-1-72-80-45

Alemayehu Gebre Mariam, Ethiopia Program

Manager (AAlemayehu@savechildren.org.et)

Mozambique:

Federacao Save the Children/USA

1489 Av. Tomas Nduda

Maputo, Mozambique

Tel: 011-258-1-493-140, or 493-156, or 493-408

Fax: 011-258-1-493-121

Ahmed Mohammed,Mozambique Program

Manager (amohammed@savechildren.org)

Save the Children/Washington

2000 M Street NW, Suite 500

Washington, DC 20036

Tel: (202) 261-4693; Fax: (202) 637-9362

Stacy Rhodes, HIV/AIDS Director

srhodes@dc.savechildren.org

Gersande Chavez, HIV/AIDS Program

Manager (gchavez@dc.savechildren.org)

Angela Wakhweya, HIV/AIDS Advisor (OVC)

(awakhweya@dc.savechildren.org)

USAID/Mozambique:

Juliet Born (juborn@usaid.gov)

Carol J. Culler, PhD (cculler@usaid.gov)

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PURPOSE

Through USAID’s Regional HIV/AIDS Program of

Southern Africa (RHAP), the POLICY Project is

working with the Southern African

Development Commission (SADC) and individual countries in an effort to improve HIV/AIDS

policies in the region. Using a coordinated

strategy for dealing with HIV/AIDS, POLICY in

particular supports and provides assistance in

the areas of regional policy activities, networking and information sharing, and improved

consistency and comparability of data. Since

RHAP’s inception in 2000, POLICY has collaborated closely with U.S. embassies to provide

technical assistance for planning and implementing the U.S. Ambassador’s Initiative

Program in Botswana, Lesotho, and Swaziland.

Through a series of capacity- and skill-building

workshops and disbursement of small grants,

institutions in the three countries are able to

advocate and/or increase their involvement

in HIV/AIDS activities, develop local partnerships, and facilitate the development of

HIV/AIDS activities. Program implementation is

determined by the U.S. ambassadors and staff

in each country and guided by each country’s current HIV/AIDS strategic plans, activities,

and/or identified priority areas. 

The Ambassador’s Initiative Program is part of

RHAP, which was launched in February 2000

and covers 10 countries in Southern Africa.

RHAP’s key focus areas are cross-border activities, regional policy activities, networking and

information sharing, and improved consistency and comparability of data. RHAP builds on

the strength of its partnerships with USAID bilateral missions and U.S. embassies and works in

collaboration with host-country governments,

local NGOs, and existing in-country HIV/AIDS

programs.

Under RHAP, the Regional Psychosocial

Support Initiative (REPSSI) based in Botswana is

carrying out a project that will enhance the

capacity of 10 participating NGOs/CBOs to

deliver effective psychosocial support, community mobilization, and life skills programs to

children.

Additionally, the “Unity for Change” initiative

implemented in Lesotho by the POLICY Project

and five community support groups addresses

USAID/Ethiopia: 

Michelle Evans (mevans@usaid.gov)

USAID/Washington:

Victor Barbiero (vbarbiero@usaid.gov)

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Africa

Regional

COUNTRIES: 

Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland

PROJECT:

Southern Africa Regional HIV/AIDS (RHAP),

U.S. Ambassador’s Initiative Program

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Futures Group

Grantees: Centre for Development and

Population Activities (CEDPA); Research

Triangle Institute (RTI)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2002-December 2003

USAID AMOUNT: 

$375,000
community care and support interventions for

orphans and their families. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

While the organizations that have received

grants address a range of issues – including

advocacy, stigma, care and support, and

capacity building – several organizations have

sought to improve the lives of children infected or affected by HIV/AIDS. Accomplishments

include the following:

 Save the Children (Swaziland) has sensitized rural-based primary school children on

HIV/AIDS and children’s issues from the

child rights point of view. Students, including those affected by HIV/AIDS, and teachers have received life skills training. 

 The Lesotho Preschool and Day Care

Association has assisted with the formulation of policies on training preschool teachers on integrating HIV/AIDS education into

the preschool setting and providing counseling for parents and teachers. 

 The Lesotho Red Cross Association has provided training for youth and parent peer

educators to become HIV/AIDS advocates.

Since their training, these advocates have

been promoting “living safely” and

“healthy schools” in their respective communities. As part of their advocacy campaigns, they have been providing life skills

to orphans and other vulnerable children,

mentored and supported these children,

and kept track of their progress.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Complete funded work, submit final project

report, and disseminate reports

 Review and incorporate lessons learned

from the first two funding rounds in an

ongoing program

 Prepare and execute an ongoing program

that will include capacity for population- or

issue-specific funding cycles, including

orphans and vulnerable children

 Make reports and lessons learned available

on the RHAP Web site

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Final reports and project needs assessments

 Final report/evaluation forms

 PowerPoint presentation and other information available on the RHAP Web site

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Linking stigma and discrimination with prevention and care for orphans and vulnerable children

 Indicator development and monitoring and

evaluation for orphans and vulnerable children issues and activities

 Grants program management and

mentoring

 Social mobilization around orphans and

vulnerable children issues

 Policy dialogue and advocacy

 Materials development

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CONTACT INFORMATION

The POLICY Project/Southern Africa Regional

HIV/AIDS Program:

Sylvia Abrahams (sabrahams@polproj.co.za) 

Aguil Deng (adeng@polproj.co.za) 

Tel: 27-21-464-2920

Web sites: 

POLICY Project: http://www.policyproject.com

RHAP: http://www.rhap.org.za

USAID/Pretoria/RHAP:

Michele Moloney-Kitts 

(mmoloney-kitts@usaid.gov)

Kendra Phillips (kphillips@usaid.gov) 

Web site:

http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/global_health/aids/

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Regional

PURPOSE

The Hope for African Children Initiative (HACI)

is a community-based pan-African effort.

Established in the summer of 2000, HACI is a

partnership bringing together seven organizations that share an international focus and

work to increase the capacity of local communities to provide prevention, care, and support services to African children and their families affected by AIDS.

HACI is based on three fundamental principles

– it is child-focused, community-based, and

committed to ensure program integration. The

Initiative focuses on a holistic approach by

addressing the entire child-focused prevention-care-mitigation cycle with mutually reinforcing program strategies. Moreover, it scales

up successful practices and interventions that

reduce the impact of HIV/AIDS on orphans

and vulnerable children, their families, and

communities. 

Through the Initiative, partner organizations: 

 Facilitate expansion of African services and

organizations working locally to address

AIDS-related challenges

 Provide financial, material, and technical

resources to such caregivers, enabling

them to better coordinate efforts and

provide additional services

 Support local activists in efforts to engage

government, civil society, and private

sector leaders, and to leverage political

and other commitments to address the

pandemic

Specific strategic objectives for USAID-funded

components are to:

 Strengthen the capacity of local partner

NGOs/CBOs/FBOs to deliver effective

COUNTRIES: 

Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi,

Mozambique, Senegal, Uganda, Zambia

PROJECT:

Strengthening and Scaling Up The Hope for

African Children Initiative (HACI)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: CARE

Grantees: Plan International; Save the

Children; the Society of Women and AIDS in

Africa; World Conference on Religion and

Peace; World Vision; Network of African

People Living with HIV/AIDS

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

April 2004-March 2007

USAID AMOUNT:

$15,000,000
services to African children affected by

HIV/AIDS and their families

 Build, strengthen, and scale up service

delivery for country- and community-level

programming and implementation mechanisms

 Implement advocacy and communication

strategies in order to reduce stigma and

discrimination for children affected by

HIV/AIDS and their families

 Document, develop, and disseminate best

practices and lessons learned through

technical exchange networks (TENs)

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Work under the USAID grant has just commenced. However, newly funded efforts will

build on well-established partnerships, strategies, and projects. Since HACI has been

established, 171,943 orphans and vulnerable

children have directly benefited from HACIsupported programs, while nearly 488,031 others have benefited indirectly across the nine

countries.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Increase country-level program impact by

consolidating and scaling up program

activities for improved service delivery in

four countries and initiate pilots and

research in the other countries

 Document and disseminate lessons learned

and best practices and develop information sharing and networking mechanisms in

key technical areas such as economic and

livelihood security, access to education,

and psychosocial support

 Assess capacities of NGOs and CBOs 

 Increase advocacy activities across Africa,

especially with faith-based communities

and networks of people living with HIV/AIDS

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 A monitoring and evaluation tool

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

 CBO capacity development, including

training, monitoring and evaluation, and

community mobilization 

 Needs assessment and situation analysis

 Advocacy 

 Strategy development on livelihood and

economic security issues for children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS

 Strategy development on access to education and psychosocial support for

orphans and vulnerable children

CONTACT INFORMATION

HACI Secretariat Nairobi Kenya:

Pat Youri, Executive Director

(patyouri@africaonline.co.ke)

Tel: +254-2-578246/578269

Eileen Kwambaka, Technical Advisor

(ekwamboka@africaonline.co.ke)

Tel: +254-20-577848

CARE USA:

Isam Ghanim (ghanim@care.org)

Madhu Deshmukh (mdeshmukh@care.org)

Tel: 404-979-9327 

PLAN International:

Martin McCann 

(Martin.McCann@plan-international.org)

Tel: (44) 1483-733-205

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PURPOSE

The project’s purpose is to address the basic

income and shelter needs of orphans and vulnerable children and the communities that

care for them.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS 

Activities were recently funded.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Rapidly expand the provision of microfinance services (loans, savings, and insurance) to a much larger number of families

who are taking in and caring for orphans

and vulnerable children. The business loans

will help these families maintain or increase

their income; the savings services will

enable them to mitigate the impact of the

loss of family members; and the death benefits insurance products will protect families

from the loss of breadwinners and funeral

costs. 

 Provide clients and family members with

access to HIV/AIDS prevention and care

resources and services in weekly meetings.

Child Reach USA

Samuel Worthington

(worthins@childreach.org)

Tel: (401) 738-5600

Save the Children:

Stacy Rhodes (PPC)

(nboothby@dc.savechildren.org)

Tel: 202-530-4360

Society for Women and AIDS in Africa:

Margaret K. Muganwa (PPC)

(mmuganwa@swaainternational.org)

Tel: +256-77-469880/+006-41-221703

World Vision:

Kenneth Casey

kcasey@worldvision.org

World Conference on Religions for Peace:

William Vendley (PPC) (wvendley@wcrp.org)

Secretary General

Tel: 212-687-2163 Ext 26

Network of African People Living with

HIV/AIDS:

Michael Aganga (nap@africaonline.co.ke)

Tel: +254 -20312888

USAID/Washington:

Victor Barbiero (vbarbiero@usaid.gov)

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Africa

Regional

COUNTRIES: 

Mozambique, Uganda, Zambia

PROJECT:

Sustainable Income and Housing for Orphans

and Vulnerable Children in Africa

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Opportunity International-US

Grantee: Habitat for Humanity

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

February 2004-February 2009

USAID AMOUNT:

$5,090,089
 Accelerate the pace of building and

improving homes in communities heavily

impacted by HIV/AIDS (thereby enabling

families to continue to take in and care for

orphans and vulnerable children) and also

target orphan-headed families as recipients for homes.

 Begin a youth apprenticeship program in

Uganda that will link older orphans with

mentors who will teach them a trade. At

the culmination of the apprenticeship

program, the youth will be able to qualify

for an Opportunity International loan to

start a business.

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Youth apprenticeship program manual

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Microfinance methodologies

 Linking HIV/AIDS programs with microfinance and housing services

 Youth apprenticeships for orphans and vulnerable children

 HIV/AIDS insurance products

CONTACT INFORMATION

Opportunity International:

Mano Kamaleson

(mkamaleson@opportunity.net)

Daniel Aboagye (daboagye@opportunity.org)

USAID/Uganda:

Elise Ayers (eayers@usaid.gov)

USAID/Zambia:

Marta Levitt-Dayal (mlevittdayal@usaid.gov)

USAID/Mozambique:

Jay Knott (jknott@usaid.gov)

USAID/Washington:

Victor K. Barbiero (vbarbiero@usaid.gov)

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Education 

Activities in 

Sub-Saharan AfricaUNICEF/HQ02-0364/Giacomo Pirozzi
USAID has supported systemic reform of basic

education in Africa since 1989, and gains in

enrollment, educational quality, and efficiency have been achieved in all program countries. USAID missions work with host ministries of

education (MOEs) and nongovernmental

organizations (NGOs) to design programs that

improve access for the most disadvantaged

children, especially the rural poor, girls, and

historically underserved populations. Matrix A

below lists USAID programs supporting access

to education. Examples of these programs’

activities include support for:

 Schools in northern Namibia that were neglected during apartheid

 Radio education in Zambia to reach outof-school youth

 Communities in Malawi in identifying and

supporting HIV-affected youth in order to

keep them in school

 A pilot project in a disadvantaged

province in South Africa to strengthen and

link math and science programs in primary

and high schools 

Many of the regions and populations targeted

by USAID education programs are also areas

dramatically affected by the AIDS epidemic.

HIV/AIDS undermines quality basic education

through the loss of teachers and managers. It

also increasingly undermines children’s participation in education, as more and more children are unable to enter school or are forced

to drop out due to lack of family support or

resources. Matrix B below displays USAID mission support for education management, the

foundation for providing relevant education in

the midst of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Examples

of these activities include:

 In Kenya, Malawi, and Zambia – Strategic

planning for a coordinated MOE response

to HIV/AIDS 

 In Namibia – Assessments of the impact of

HIV/AIDS on the education sector

 In Kenya – Exploring the possibility of providing HIV/AIDS voluntary counseling and

testing (VCT) and care and support services for the teaching force

 In South Africa – Integrating HIV/AIDS training for communities and school governing

bodies; forming linkages among NGOs

concerned with nutrition, care of orphans,

and VCT; building networks of caregivers;

and empowering and assisting teachers

and parents to support vulnerable children 

148

Education Activities

in Sub-Saharan Africa

Ongoing and planned USAID education activities in Africa that

support access to education for underserved populations,

especially girls, orphans, and other vulnerable children
149

Education Activities in 

Sub-Saharan Africa

Matrix A: USAID Education-Funded Activities That Support Access to Basic

Education for Underserved Populations, Especially Girls, Orphans,

and Other Vulnerable Children

Country Activity Description Coverage Partners

Benin  School sanitation and environment improvements program increases children’s and parents’ knowledge of hygiene, sanitation, and

disease prevention, and improves the sanitary environment in primary schools.

 30 school districts and 969

schools

 Medical Care

Development

International (MCDI),

MOE, Ministry of Health

(MOH), local NGOs

 Support to local NGOs for capacity building

of parent-teacher associations (PTAs) and

greater community involvement in schools

to increase access

 1,200 PTAs, representing nearly

40% of primary

schools

 MOE, World Education

 Support to the Network for the Promotion of

Girls’ Education to increase girls’ access to

education

 13 subprefectures with the

lowest enrollment rates

 MOE, local NGOs,

World Education,

Songhai NGO

 Innovative delivery of technical skills education to out-of-school youth Countrywide

Ethiopia  Community Schools Grant Program increases children’s access to quality education,

with particular focus on girls.

 1,600 schools  MOE, Learning World

Ghana  Community mobilization program promotes

girls’ participation in schools as well as

greater community participation.

 440 schools  Ministry of Education

and Youth Services

(MOEYS), Catholic

Relief Services (CRS),

Education

Development Center

(EDC)

 Improved learning environment and teaching in disadvantaged areas 368 schools,

106,000 pupils

 MOEYS, Academy for

Educational

Development (AED),

CRS

 Capacity building and provision of incentive

grants to district education officers to

enable them to plan, implement, monitor,

and evaluate district-specific school

improvement activities

 Countrywide

program reaching 110 districts,

1,650 schools,

and 442,000

pupils

 MOEYS, AED, CRS
150

Education Activities in 

Sub-Saharan Africa

Matrix A: USAID Education-Funded Activities That Support Access to Basic

Education for Underserved Populations, Especially Girls, Orphans,

and Other Vulnerable Children

Country Activity Description Coverage Partners

Ghana

(cont.)

 HIV/AIDS prevention activities in

senior and junior secondary

schools

 527 students trained as

peer counselors; 10,080

students trained in

HIV/AIDS prevention

methods

 World Education

 Capacity building of staff, community members, and girls, and

consciousness raising of the

media to promote girls’ education

 4,725 girls club members

trained; 70 girls education

subcommittees formed

and 746 members trained 

 MOEYS, AED

 Addressing issues of self-esteem,

self-efficacy, and problem-solving

skills for girls

 722 Sara club facilitators

trained; 2,100 Sara kits distributed to 30 districts;

and 86 Sara clubs formed

with a total membership

of 2,580 girls

 MOEYS, Johns Hopkins

University

Guinea  Community schools established

and communities mobilized to

expand access for children, especially girls, in underserved areas

 904 community schools  World Education, Save

the Children, Africare

Malawi  Community mobilization activity

to improve education quality

through community participation

in school monitoring and management; addressing barriers to

the education of orphans and

other vulnerable children

 33 districts; 2,450,000

people

 MOE, Creative Centre

for Community

Mobilisation

 QUEST program helping communities establish community schools

to expand access for children,

especially girls, in underserved

areas

 33 community schools

established serving

approximately 16,500 students

 MOE, Save the

Children

 Support for MOE primary curriculum reform process to ensure relevance to all, with emphasis on

vulnerable children

 When complete, all 3.2

million primary school students in Malawi

 MOE, U.K. Department

for International

Development (DfID),

Deutsche Gesellschaft

für Technische

Zusammenarbeit (GTZ)

 Development and implementation of life skills for HIV/AIDS education curriculum for primary

teacher training colleges emphasizing gender equity and rights of

children

 Approximately 3,000

teacher trainees per year

at six primary teacher

training colleges

 MOE, Malawi Institute

of Education, Africa

Education Initiative
Education Activities in 

Sub-Saharan Africa 151

Matrix A: USAID Education-Funded Activities That Support Access to Basic

Education for Underserved Populations, Especially Girls, Orphans,

and Other Vulnerable Children

Country Activity Description Coverage Partners

Namibia  Educational quality improvements made

in disadvantaged primary schools

 40% of the most

disadvantaged student population.

 MOE, AED

 Small grants funds provided to community groups to establish support centers for

orphans and vulnerable children at different schools in northern Namibia and

to initiate income-generation activities to

raise funds for continued support of

these centers 

 More than 75 centers established at

different schools in

the six neglected

northern regions

reaching more

than 10,000

orphans and vulnerable children

 MOE, AED, Rossing

Foundation

 Scholarships provided to girls to continue

their education and to receive mentoring and guidance from partner organizations through funding from the Education

for Democracy and Development

Initiative (EDDI)

 More than 500 girls

from primary, secondary, and tertiary institutions

 Forum of African

Women in Education -

Namibia; Evangelical

Lutheran Church AIDS

Program; Girl Child

Organization of

Namibia

 Assistance to orphans and vulnerable

children, their caretakers, and communities, including access to education and

provision of psychosocial support

 25% of the most

needy and disadvantaged orphans

and vulnerable

children in the

Khomas, Erongo,

and Oshana

regions

 Family Health

International, Catholic

AIDS Action, AIDS Law

Unit of the Legal

Assistance Centre,

Philippi Trust of

Namibia,

Lifeline/Childline of

Namibia

 Participatory drama for building life survival skills (e.g., sexual abuse, violence,

and neglect) among third-grade students

 25% of the most

needy third-grade

students in the

Khomas region

Nigeria  Mobilizing community participation

through PTAs

 327 primary schools

(90,000 students);

194 PTAs; 1,600 PTA

members mobilized

60,000 parents and

other community

members

 EDC, World Education,

MOE

 Interactive radio instruction (IRI) program

production and broadcasts to schools

 2 targeted states

(Lagos and Kano) 

 Developing vocational training curricula

that incorporate HIV/AIDS awareness

and conflict mitigation components

 Critical instruction for trainers and

trainees in HIV/AIDS awareness and

prevention

 2,685 trainers and

trainees
152

Education Activities in 

Sub-Saharan Africa

Matrix A: USAID Education-Funded Activities That Support Access to Basic

Education for Underserved Populations, Especially Girls, Orphans,

and Other Vulnerable Children

Country Activity Description Coverage Partners

Senegal  Promoting retention of disadvantaged girls

through the Ambassador’s Girls Scholarship

Program 

 320 high school

(10th, 11th, and

12th grades)

girls per year

from 11 regions

 MOE, Winrock

International, Peace

Corps

 Community mobilization program through

school management committees, classroom

rehabilitation, and construction of latrines to

promote access and retention of girls and

children from remote areas in basic middle

schools

 Three regions

and 30 middle

schools; 25,000

new children

(50% girls)

enrolled

 MOE, AED, Tostan,

Research Triangle

Institute (RTI), MCDI

South

Africa

 Training and support for teachers (in-service

and preservice) and school governing bodies in South Africa’s four most disadvantaged provinces

 Approximately

1,000 schools in

KwaZulu-Natal,

Eastern Cape,

Northern Cape,

and Limpopo

provinces

 Department of

Education (DOE), RTI,

South African NGOs

 Pilot project for math and science linking

primary and high school programs in the

disadvantaged Northern Cape province 

 30 high schools

and 82 primary

schools in

Northern Cape

province

 DOE, RTI, South African

NGOs

 Support for disadvantaged South African

girls to pay school fees and receive mentoring and other support services

 45 girls  South Africa Girl Child

Alliance, Peace Corps

Zambia  Program for the Advancement of Girls’

Education addresses equity in girls’ access

to education.

 Piloted in 42

schools reaching more than

10,500 students 

 MOE, United Nations

Children’s Fund

(UNICEF)

 Community mobilization to identify orphans

and vulnerable children and ensure they

have access to education and other forms

of support

 MOE, Creative

Associates

International, UNICEF

 Distance education program for out-ofschool children, especially targeting orphans

and vulnerable children

 613 IRI centers;

29,723 learners

(15,000 boys

and 14,723 girls) 

 MOE, Environmental

Baseline Studies, EDC
Education Activities in 

Sub-Saharan Africa 153

Matrix B: USAID Education-Funded Activities Focused on HIV/AIDS, Enabling the

Delivery of Education to All Children, Including Orphans and Other

Vulnerable Children

USAID

Country

Mission Activity Description Partners

Ethiopia  Supports mobile task team (MTT) technical assistance (TA) in

development of proposals for USAID and MOE strategic and

implementation planning process for impact of HIV/AIDS on

education sector and design of review and process to support development

 MOE, Health

Economics and HIV/

AIDS Research Division,

University of Natal

(HEARD)/MTT 

 Supports MTT TA in National Teaching Commission policy and

response planning within national HIV/AIDS planning framework

 MOE, HEARD/MTT 

Ghana  Supports MTT TA in MOE strategic and implementation planning process for impact of HIV/AIDS on education sector

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Builds capacity of Ghanaian NGOs and the Ghana

Education Service to address the impact of HIV/AIDS in education sector through peer education, school-level support,

and mobilizing parents through PTAs and school management committees

 MOE, Ghana

Education Service,

World Education

 Funds HIV/AIDS technical adviser to MOE  MOE 

 Provides access for MOE and its education sector partners to

MTT modular skills training and capacity-building workshops to

help mitigate and manage HIV/AIDS impact

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Supports MTT TA in investigation of pilot development of

District Education Management and Monitoring Information

System (DEMMIS)

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Supports MOE/MOH research to assess HIV/AIDS impact on

teaching force; weighs risk to teachers relative to other risk

groups and work force sectors

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

Guinea  Supports MTT TA in MOE strategic and implementation planning process for impact of HIV/AIDS on education sector

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Supports MTT TA in providing three-country study tour for

Guinea MOE to review and learn from comparative experience 

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

Kenya  Supports initiation of MTT TA in MOE strategic and implementation planning process for impact of HIV/AIDS on education

sector and design of review and process to support

development

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Supports MTT TA in National Teaching Commission policy

and response planning within national HIV/AIDS planning

framework

 MOE, United Nations

Educational, Scientific

and Cultural

Organization

(UNESCO), InterAgency Task Team

(IATT), HEARD/MTT
154

Education Activities in 

Sub-Saharan Africa

Matrix B: USAID Education-Funded Activities Focused on HIV/AIDS, Enabling the

Delivery of Education to All Children, Including Orphans and Other

Vulnerable Children

USAID

Country

Mission Activity Description Partners

Malawi  Supports MTT TA in assessment of impact of HIV/AIDS on education sector, including pilot development of DEMMIS in seven districts to measure impact, and support for school management

 MOE, University of

Sussex, HEARD/MTT

 Supports assessment of impact of HIV/AIDS on education sector, including a behavior surveillance survey of teachers and

the addition of HIV/AIDS-related data to education management information system (EMIS)

 MOE

 Supports strategic and implementation planning for mitigating

impact of HIV/AIDS on education sector

 MOE, DfID,

HEARD/MTT

 Funds HIV/AIDS adviser to MOE  MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Has full-time HIV/AIDS education adviser on the education

team at USAID mission

 MOE

 Provision of access for MOE and its education sector partners to

MTT modular skills training and capacity-building workshops to

help mitigate and manage HIV/AIDS impact, including teacher

demand and supply modeling and scenario development

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Provides TA in the development of sexual/reproductive health

and life skills curriculum and teaching materials

 MOE, Malawi

Institute of Education 

Namibia  Supports MTT TA in MOE strategic and implementation planning

process for impact of HIV/AIDS on education sector and development and publication of national sector plan for education

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Supports decentralization of MOE planning and implementation

process to the regional level through workshops and training

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Provides assistance for development of HIV/AIDS Management

Unit in the MOE and investigation of pilot development of DEMMIS

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Cosponsors education sector HIV/AIDS impact assessment  MOE, DfID

 Provides assistance for development of national policy on

orphans and vulnerable children

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Provides access for MOE and its education sector partners to

MTT modular skills training and capacity-building workshops to

help mitigate and manage HIV/AIDS impact, including teacher

demand and supply modeling and scenario development

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Supports MTT TA in development of HIV/AIDS-linked materials

and research agenda

 MOE, HEARD/MTT
Education Activities in 

Sub-Saharan Africa 155

Matrix B: USAID Education-Funded Activities Focused on HIV/AIDS, Enabling the

Delivery of Education to All Children, Including Orphans and Other

Vulnerable Children

USAID

Country

Mission Activity Description Partners

South

Africa

 Funds HIV/AIDS human resource development

specialist to DOE

 DOE, RTI 

 Supports assessment of impact of HIV/AIDS on education sector focusing on the disadvantaged provinces

of Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal, and Eastern Cape

 DOE, HEARD/MTT 

 Supports MTT TA in the provincial DOE strategic and

implementation planning process for impact of

HIV/AIDS on education sector

 Provincial DOEs, HEARD/MTT

 Supports MTT TA to undertake national teacher

attrition and mortality study and model demand

(enrollment trends) and supply (teacher and resource

provision)

 DOE, HEARD/MTT, Human

Science Research Council of

South Africa, Education Labour

Relations Council, South African

Democratic Teachers’ Union

 Provides a three-week annual winter course on

mitigating the impact of HIV/AIDS on education

systems for participants from approximately 16

African countries 

 HEARD/MTT

 Supports TA to undertake KwaZulu-Natal provincial

teacher attrition and mortality study and model

demand (enrollment trends) and supply (teacher and

resource provision), including mapping of HIV

prevalence “hot spots” and district disparities and

100-school random sample survey

 DOE, DfID, HEARD/MTT

 Supports MTT collaboration in HIV/AIDS interventions in

DfID development projects in Eastern Cape’s Mbewu

District 

 DOE, DfID, HEARD/MTT

 Supports the creation of HIV/AIDS awareness among

young children through the creation of an HIV-positive Muppet (Kami) and supports South African

Sesame Street television and radio programming

 Takalani Sesame Street, DOE

 Supports training in HIV/AIDS awareness for

communities and school governing bodies; creates

linkages with NGOs concerned with nutrition, care of

orphans, and VCT; develops HIV/AIDS support groups;

builds networks of caregivers; and empowers and

assists teachers and parents to support vulnerable

children 

 RTI, DOE, Valley Trust

 Supports HIV/AIDS activities in seven South African

universities; activities include awareness, outreach,

VCT, peer education and training, training of student

counselors, and outreach to surrounding primary

school teachers, students, and communities 

 University of Zululand, University

of Venda, Eastern Cape

Technikon, Border Technikon,

Peninsula Technikon, University

of Western Cape, University of

the North West, United Negro

College Fund Special Programs,

DramAide
156

Education Activities in 

Sub-Saharan Africa

Matrix B: USAID Education-Funded Activities Focused on HIV/AIDS, Enabling the

Delivery of Education to All Children, Including Orphans and Other

Vulnerable Children

USAID

Country

Mission Activity Description Partners

Uganda  Supports MTT TA in MOE strategic and implementation planning

process for impact of HIV/AIDS on education sector and workshop process review, prioritization, and costing of national sector plan for education

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Supports development of HIV/AIDS-related EMIS and investigation of pilot development of DEMMIS, including cleaning, trend

analysis, and mapping of last three years of education data by

district

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Supports MTT TA in developing generic district implementation

model for investigation and piloting

 MOE, DfID, Ireland

Aid, HEARD/MTT

 Supports MOE in IATT East African/Mombasa workshop to develop country planning frameworks and priorities MOE, HEARD/MTT

Washington

DC

 Supports MTT TA in Southern Africa Development Community

(SADC) regional strategic and implementation planning process

for impact of HIV/AIDS on education sector

 SADC

 Supports MTT TA in IATT East African/Mombasa workshop to

develop country planning frameworks and priorities

 HEARD/MTT, DfID,

UNESCO, Joint

United Nations

Program on

HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS),

World Bank, IATT

 Supports MTT TA in providing SADC regional modular training

and skills training workshops for SADC country MOEs to build

capacity and share experience

 SADC, MOEs,

HEARD/MTT

 Supports MTT TA in training and development of West African

Technical Resource Network to provide regional strategic and

implementation planning support to manage and mitigate the

impact of HIV/AIDS on education sector

 West African

MOEs, HEARD/MTT,

UNESCO, other

development

agencies

 Supports MTT TA in MOE strategic and implementation planning

process for impact of HIV/AIDS on education sector and development, costing, and publication of national sector plan for

education.

 MOE, HEARD/MTT

 Supports policy audit and assessment of HIV/AIDS impact on

education sector

 MOE

 Supports development of HIV/AIDS-related EMIS and investigation of pilot development of DEMMIS MOE, DfID,

HEARD/MTT

 Supports MOE in IATT East African/Mombasa workshop to develop country planning frameworks and priorities MOE, HEARD/MTT
Asia and the

Near East

© 2004 Pedulla Sreenuvasa, Courtesy of Photoshare 
PURPOSE

The POLICY Project is completing a study that

focuses on the social and economic impact

of HIV/AIDS on affected families with a special

emphasis on the impact on children.

Households in which one or more adult is living

with HIV/AIDS were interviewed. The study

attempts to measure a comprehensive list of

variables including financial well-being, stigma

and discrimination, coping mechanisms, succession planning, and exposure to mitigation

interventions. For children and adolescents

aged 6 to 18, the study assesses emotional

well-being, school attendance, employment

status, food intake, health status, and overall

quality of life. For adolescents, two additional

variables are being measured – risk behaviors

and exposure to interventions specifically targeting adolescents. 

This study was conducted in 1,000 households

in rural and urban areas of three provinces in

Cambodia. It used a case-comparison design

to compare findings between families affected by HIV/AIDS and their nearest neighbors. 

Findings from the study survey will be used to

improve policymakers’ understanding of the

impact of HIV/AIDS illness and death on children. The study report will inform policymakers

and donors about the needs of families

affected by HIV/AIDS and outline recommendations for possible mitigation strategies. The

research and policy objectives will be

achieved by working directly with groups that

represent people living with AIDS and other

groups that directly serve children affected by

HIV/AIDS. A national workshop, held in collaboration with CARE, will take place in August

2004 to translate the findings from this

research into programs and policies. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

The project is in its final stage. To date, the

data collection and cleaning has been completed and preliminary data analysis has been

conducted. POLICY is currently working with

CARE and other partners in Cambodia to plan

a dissemination workshop in August. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Finalize data analysis

 Plan for dissemination workshop

 Present the findings related to socioeconomic status and quality of life at the

International AIDS Conference in Bangkok

 Complete and disseminate the

research results

158 Asia and the Near East

Cambodia

COUNTRY:

Cambodia

PROJECT:

Assessing the Social and Economic Impact of

HIV/AIDS on Orphans and Vulnerable

Children in Cambodia

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

Futures Groupl

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

May 2003-May 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$150,000
PURPOSE

The International HIV/AIDS Alliance works with

KHANA, a local NGO support organization, to

mobilize and strengthen the capacity of

NGOs and CBOs. The partners aim to:

 Improve the quality of information and

access to services for orphans, vulnerable

children, and young people

 Expand community support for orphans,

vulnerable children, and young people

 Work with policymakers and program planners to translate findings into policies and

programs

 Prepare for a second round of data collection, funding permitted

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Survey instruments

 Research protocol

 Brochure summarizing study

 Literature review

 Report of study findings (in preparation) will

be available via e-mail from Steven

Forsythe (s.forsythe@tfgi.com)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide research expertise

to other projects for orphans and vulnerable

children in the following areas:

 Social and economic aspects of HIV/AIDSrelated illness on families

 Impact of adult illness and death on

children

 Needs and coping mechanisms of people

living with AIDS

CONTACT INFORMATION

POLICY Project:

Steven Forsythe (s.forsythe@tfgi.com)

Sarah Alkenbrack (s.alkenbrack@tfgi.com)

Tel: 202-775-9680

USAID/Cambodia: 

David Hausner (dhausner@usaid.gov)

Chantha Chak (cchak@usaid.gov)

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia 159

COUNTRY:

Cambodia

PROJECT:

Children Affected by HIV/AIDS in Cambodia

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: International HIV/AIDS Alliance

Grantee: Khmer HIV/AIDS NGO Alliance

(KHANA) 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2001-June 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$3,390,000 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS) 
 Reduce stigmatization of orphans, vulnerable children, and young people affected

by HIV/AIDS

 Enhance local institutional capacity to

meet the needs of highly vulnerable children, orphans, and young people

Specifically, this involves:

 Ongoing mobilization of existing CBOs,

FBOs, and NGOs to integrate child and

youth-focused work into their programs. This

includes working with monks in pagodas

who take care of orphans and children living with HIV

 Scaling up the provision of support to

orphans and other vulnerable children,

through, for example, providing food aid,

negotiating waivers on school fees for

orphans, and providing school clothes and

materials

 Continuing to provide financial and technical support to partner organizations to

implement child and youth-focused programs

 Documenting lessons learned nationally,

regionally, and internationally in order to

support and enhance community-level initiatives that focus on orphans, vulnerable

children, and youth

 Supporting the development of national

strategies for providing care and support to

children affected by HIV/AIDS through

ongoing consultation with the government

and other local stakeholders

 Advocating on children’s issues with both

NGOs and the government

 Developing tools to increase the involvement and participation of children 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Reached 5,749 children with direct program services

 Involved 24 KHANA partner NGOs in

addressing the needs of orphans and vulnerable children

 Disbursed 31 grants to support orphans and

vulnerable children

 Provided training to improve the integration

of services for vulnerable children into

ongoing HIV/AIDS care and support activities and workshops

 Implemented the third Cambodian Youth

Camp, attended by more than 200 young

people

 Produced a set of printed resources in

Khmer to support communities and local

organizations in their efforts to assist children affected by AIDS

 Provided nutritional support and food supplements to children in families affected by

HIV through the World Food Program

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Organize the fourth Cambodian Youth

Camp to promote reproductive health,

HIV/AIDS and STI prevention, and the participation of children living on the streets

and children affected by HIV/AIDS 

 Provide education, training, and support for

outreach workers to encourage the incorporation of strategies such as succession

planning, support for older caregivers,

community support initiatives, and microcredit programs into the work of organizations in the home care network

160

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia
 Increase support for children affected by

AIDS by negotiating school fee waivers and

providing books, uniforms, and satchels 

 Advocate in support of policy dialogues on

youth and HIV/AIDS

 Support sabay-sabay (happy-happy)

play/education days for orphans and vulnerable children in pagodas and temples

 Strengthen psychosocial support for children through, for example, succession

planning and by developing memory

books and organizing events for orphans

and vulnerable children, such as a retreat

at Sihanoukville where children have a

chance to relax and enjoy themselves 

 Organize youth forums

 Initiate focused prevention work with youth

who sell sex 

 Address issues of child protection and child

rights and build the capacity of local NGOs

in these areas

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

The following are available in both English and

Khmer from the KHANA office upon request

(unless indicated otherwise):

 Evaluation of the joint MOH/NGO Home

Care Program (2000) (available from the

Alliance Web site: www.aidsalliance.org

or by e-mail: publications@aidsalliance.org)

 Appraisal of the needs and resources of

children affected by AIDS (2000) (available

from the Alliance Web site: www.aidsalliance.org or by e-mail from

publications@aidsalliance.org)

 Khmer-language adaptations of Stepping

Stones (2002) and Choices (2003), two participatory training manuals to help facilitate

group discussions on gender, sexuality, and

HIV/AIDS

 Appraisal of the informal entertainment

sector (2001)

 Issues paper on linking HIV and TB (2002)

 Exploratory study on the role of traditional

healers in HIV/AIDS care and prevention

(2001)

 Appraisal on male-to-male sexual behavior

in Cambodia (2003)

 Appraisal on access to treatment (2003)

(English) 

 Integrating HIV & AIDS Into Community

Development (2004) (English)

 KHANA annual report 2002 (English) 

 See also related material available from

the HIV/AIDS Alliance’s Web site,

www.aidsalliance.org 

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise for other

projects working with orphans and vulnerable

children in the following areas:

 Sharing the results of the children affected

by AIDS appraisal 

 Integrating prevention and care in

HIV/AIDS work

 Providing home care and home

support visits

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia 161
PURPOSE

This project aims to improve the physical and

emotional well-being of orphans and other

vulnerable children, including those affected

by AIDS. Children in HIV/AIDS-affected communities in Cambodian-Thai areas are provided integrated prevention, care, and support

services. Care and support activities for

orphans and vulnerable children focus on five

major aspects:

 Succession planning includes counseling

parents in selecting an appropriate

guardian to care for their children before

the parent dies; in preparing wills with village and religious leaders as witnesses to

protect children’s property; and in making

memory books and bags for children to

keep photographs and other remembrances of their parents. Potential foster

parents within the community are identified, but the need for caretakers is greater

than the number of families willing to take

in orphans and vulnerable children. For children with nowhere to go, CARE rehabilitates government-operated children’s

homes and provides technical assistance

for improving the care provided to the chil-

 Strengthening prevention for HIV/AIDS

among vulnerable youth

 Peer education among children and youth

 Integrating support for children in home

and community-based care programs

 Developing program indicators for supporting projects with vulnerable children

 Developing tools and strategies for

enabling children to speak out and

increase their participation in projects.

CONTACT INFORMATION

KHANA:

Pok Panhavichetr, Executive Director

(ppanhavichetr@khana.org.kh)

Tel: 855-23-211-505; Fax: 855 23 214-049

International HIV/AIDS Alliance

(www.aidsalliance.org):

Vic Salas, Senior Program Officer: East and

Southeast Asia (vsalas@aidsalliance.org) 

Tel: +44-1273-718969; Fax: 44-1273-718901

Headquarters: Susanne Kremer 

(skremer@aidsalliance.org)

USAID/Washington:

Ron MacInnis (rmacinnis@usaid.gov)

USAID/Cambodia:

Chantha Chak (cchak@usaid.gov)

David Hausner (dhausner@usaid.gov)

Mark White (mwhite@usaid.gov)

162

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia

COUNTRY:

Cambodia

PROJECT:

Children in Distress (component of

Methagoruna Thmei Community Caring and

Prevention Project)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

Care International/Cambodia

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

January 2002-September 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$600,000 per year
dren. Youth advocate volunteers provide

support to households affected by

HIV/AIDS through regular visits and organizing psychosocial support for vulnerable

households. 

 Educational and vocational training

enables orphans and vulnerable children

to attend school for free, as mandated by

the Royal Government of Cambodia, and

provides basic school materials. CARE, with

assistance from the provincial education

office, helps children overcome barriers

that prevent them from attending school.

The project establishes vocational training

facilities so that children who are unable to

attend school can learn marketable skills.

Adolescents are also linked to other livelihood options supported by CARE, such as

revolving loans.

 Psychosocial support visits include an

initial assessment of the needs of orphans

and vulnerable children and then regular

follow-up based on household-specific

issues. Teams are composed of social

workers from the provincial social affairs

office, CARE staff, and youth volunteers.

Teams provide emotional, material, and

referral support.

 Therapeutic playgroups offer activities such

as games, lessons about respect and compassion, and basic skills in hygiene and

nutrition. Parents and village leaders participate in these activities. Youth volunteers

also produce plays and puppet shows with

stories that promote empathy for vulnerable community members. Painting, traditional games, and sports are all included in

playgroup activities. Adolescent orphans

and vulnerable children participate in

youth group activities, which include peerled life skills education. 

 Care and support for children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS is provided

through the program and through links to

two local NGOs that provide medical care

and antiretroviral therapy (ART) to children.

Home care teams work together with families to help manage the drugs. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Assisted more than 5,000 children in the

past year

 Provided grants to five local NGOs to provide care and support to people living with

AIDS and orphans and vulnerable children

 Facilitated orphan support in eight Buddhist

pagodas

 Helped more than 200 children with

HIV/AIDS receive ART

 Enrolled more than 1,000 children in school.

 Established strong partnerships with community leaders and local government

authorities (CARE was recognized by the

Ministry of Social Affairs for its long-standing

commitment to assisting vulnerable children in Cambodia)

 Integrated home care and prevention

activities with activities for orphans and vulnerable children

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Implement recommendations from the

recent needs assessment for orphans and

vulnerable children in the catchment area

 Continue to expand partnership base with

religious and community organizations

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia 163
PURPOSE

The project works to improve the quality of life

for children orphaned by their parents’ chronic illnesses, including AIDS, by strengthening

family and community mechanisms for care

and support of orphans. Homeland has implemented a program to build the capacity of

families to care and cope through community

mobilization, advocacy, and networking. The

project works with families while the parents of

the children are alive and continues to provide assistance and support after the parents

 Facilitate greater community-based

responses to orphans and vulnerable

children

 Improve staff/partner counseling skills

 Expand youth leadership in activities for

orphans and vulnerable children

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Tools for household-level orphans and vulnerable children needs assessments

 Training curricula for youth advocates

 Memory bags for succession planning

 Contents for home-based care structures

and kits

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects in the following areas:

 Linking care to prevention

 Developing community mobilization

strategies

 Conducting village mapping

 Establishing therapeutic playgroups

 Supporting children on ART

 Conducting needs assessments

CONTACT INFORMATION

CARE International/Cambodia: 

Sok Pun (pun@care-cambodia.org)

CARE/U.S.:

Madhu Deshmukh (mdeshmukh@care.org) 

USAID/Cambodia: 

Charya Hen (shen@usaid.gov)

Mark White (mawhite@usaid.gov)

Chantha Chak (cchak@usaid.gov)

164

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia

COUNTRY:

Cambodia

PROJECT:

Community-Based Care and Support for

Orphans and Vulnerable Children

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Homeland

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2002-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$101,175
have died. Staff counseling helps parents plan

for the future of their children. Homeland

works in close collaboration with

foster/extended families, education departments, school, teachers and district social

departments. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHENTS

 Homeland has supported 429 children to

continue school this year and also provided regular psychosocial support to 133 children affected by the death of one of their

parents from AIDS or by the illness of both

parents. 

 The integration of home-based care has

improved the skills of affected families and

people living with HIV/AIDS to prevent

dehydration from diarrhea and to control

fever by sponging. Home visits of the home

care team have also strengthened communication among patients, members of

families, and people in the communities.

Homeland helped 42 people living with

HIV/AIDS get drugs for prevention of

opportunistic infections, and trained 101

members of families caring for people

living with HIV/AIDS.

 Orphans, vulnerable children, and people

living with AIDS received home visits and

referrals to local health centers through collaboration and coordination with village

health volunteers. Training in self-care has

been conducted for project staff, caregivers, and people living with AIDS. 

 A women’s cooperative, which includes

both HIV-positive and HIV-negative

women, continued to operate a cloth and

mat weaving project. The products have

proved popular among local people and

at markets. Each member of this group has

received $30 per month from selling their

products. The venue not only increases

integration among HIV-positive and HIVnegative women, but also helps HIV-positive widows regain their confidence and

increases their ability to earn an income to

support their children. Day care for young

children is organized as part of the weaving project.

 Communities have been mobilized to form

orphans and vulnerable children committees to increase awareness and support for

orphans and vulnerable children, including

monitoring and prevention of child trafficking in the communities. 

 In addition to negotiation and facilitation

to help orphans and vulnerable children

remain in school, the project has formed

integrated (HIV-positive and HIV-negative)

playgroups with children in the community.

This has helped increase knowledge about

HIV/AIDS among children and promoted

integration through fun activities. Twentyfive student volunteers help other children

learn about HIV/AIDS and health education in two schools attended by 1,200 children from the community. Life skills sessions

have been conducted for more than 1,000

orphans and vulnerable children in the target areas.

 After skills training, older children were supported to form occupational groups and

have been able to earn income from hairdressing, motorbike repair, sewing, and

home gardening. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Increase the capabilities of families to care

for themselves and improve their abilities to

earn income

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia 165
 Promote understanding, reduce stigma,

and integrate HIV-positive and HIV-negative people, including children, in the communities

 Increase community involvement in the

care and support for orphans and vulnerable children and in preventing trafficking in

children

 Strengthening network linkage in communities to support and make timely referrals of

people living with HIV/AIDS to health services and regular checkups before they

become very sick 

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Series of self-care publications developed

by FHI/Cambodia including What should I

do if I think I have AIDS?, Living with hope

and staying healthy, Living peacefully with

AIDS, and Health care for HIV-positive

women

 Family history book

 Social and physical support criteria for

orphans and other vulnerable children and

people living with HIV/AIDS

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Facilitating reintegration of children with

foster/extended families and follow-up

 Analyzing family situations to identify suitability for vocational training skills or other

work opportunities

CONTACT INFORMATION

Homeland:

Mao Lang, Homeland Director

(mpkbtb@camintel.com)

Tel: 855-12-881784

FHI/Cambodia:

Chawalit Natpratan, Country Director

(chawalit@fhi.org.kh)

Tel: 855-12-808980/23-211914

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov) 

USAID/Cambodia:

David Hausner (dhausner@usaid.gov)

Chantha Chak (cchak@usaid.gov)

166

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to improve the quality of life for orphans, vulnerable children, and

persons living with HIV/AIDS.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Conducted community needs assessment 

 Facilitated the creation of community networks comprising local authorities, temple

monks, and teachers

 Held workshops on children’s rights

attended by 153 community members in

the district

 Assisted with referrals for orphans and vulnerable children and HIV-positive women

to receive care and treatment from other

agencies

 Helped persons living with HIV/AIDS form a

support group

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Increase HIV/AIDS awareness in the community to reduce discrimination against

orphans, vulnerable children, and persons

living with HIV/AIDS

 Increase knowledge and skills of staff, community assistants, and community networks

on self-care for persons living with HIV/AIDS 

 Support affected families in analyzing their

living situation and identifying ways to send

the children to school

CONTACT INFORMATION

Khemara: 

Koy Phallany (khemar@camnet.com.kh)

Tel: 855-12927279

FHI/Cambodia:

Chawalit Natpratan, Country Director

(chawalit@fhi.org.kh)

Tel: 855-12-808980/23-211914

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/Cambodia:

David Hausner (dhausner@usaid.gov)

Chantha Chak (cchak@usaid.gov)

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia 167

COUNTRY:

Cambodia

PROJECT:

Community-Based Care for Orphans,

Children, and Families Affected by AIDS

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: KHEMARA

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

April 2004-September 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$36,309
PURPOSE

Support for orphans and vulnerable children is

part of the community-based primary health

care and HIV/AIDS program in Sampov Loun

and Bavel districts of Battambang province.

The community-based primary health care

model emphasizes the importance of community involvement in the prevention of HIV/AIDS

and the care for persons living with HIV/AIDS,

including orphans and vulnerable children.

Activities funded by USAID include setting up

a VCT center, improving management and

treatment of opportunistic infections, preventing MTCT, providing home care for people living with AIDS, and providing care and support

for orphans and vulnerable children.

The project aims to work with community

organizations and structures to enable them

to increase the community’s tolerance of, solidarity with, and support for people living with

AIDS and their families. In addition to raising

community awareness about how important it

is for orphans and vulnerable children to

attend school and obtain an education for

their future, CRS works with communities to

understand the needs of children and to

develop support mechanisms both within and

outside communities.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Improved assessments: Community-based

home care volunteers identify people with

chronic illnesses, including people living

with AIDS and those affected by HIV/AIDS,

and assess their needs and the needs of

their families, including orphans and vulnerable children.

 Increased participation: Community members provide food and labor (e.g., carrying

water and cleaning homes) for people living with AIDS and their families.

 Reduced stigma: Project staff and community volunteers support orphan adoption by

families in the community for children

whose parents died of AIDS. Adopting families receive support and monitoring visits.

 Increased access to education: Vulnerable

children are being supported with school

materials and clothing to attend school. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Increase the capacity of community structures and community-based home care

teams to meet the increasing needs

 Provide counseling, care, support, and

treatment for people living with AIDS at the

health center, in communities, and at the

referral hospital

168

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia

COUNTRY:

Cambodia

PROJECT:

Community Support for Persons Living With

HIV/AIDS and Their Children

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Catholic Relief Services (CRS)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

November 2002-September 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$299,278 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
CONTACT INFORMATION

CRS:

Richard Balmadier (rjb@online.com.kh)

Tel: 855-23-211165

FHI/Cambodia:

Chawalit Natpratan, Country Director

(chawalit@fhi.org.kh)

Tel: 855-12-808980/23-211914

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/Cambodia:

David Hausner (dhausner@usaid.gov)

Chantha Chak (cchak@usaid.gov)

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia 169

PURPOSE

The project assists vulnerable women, including those infected and affected by HIV/AIDS

and their children, to break out of the cycle of

poverty by providing immediate care and

long-term vocational training to increase their

income-generating capabilities. 

The Nyemo Center assists women referred by

the sociomedical network, listens to their stories, and helps them analyze their situation

and develop a suitable plan and reintegration

program.

Women are treated at the Center if they have

medical conditions, and referrals are made for

those who wish to have an HIV test. Follow-up

psychosocial support is provided to orphans

and vulnerable children and women through

both the counseling center and the foster

family program.

Various skills training (in such areas as silk

weaving, tailoring, toy making, cooking, and

catering) and literacy educational sessions

are provided by the Center to increase individuals’ opportunities and self-confidence so

they will be able to meet their needs over the

long term.

Nyemo contributes to building the capacity

of the staff from the Ministry of Social Affairs,

Labor, Vocation, and Youth through training

in care and support for orphans and

vulnerable children and vulnerable women.

The project also shares lessons learned and

success stories of women’s self-help vocational training groups and supports pilot projects

of the Ministry.

COUNTRY:

Cambodia

PROJECT:

Counseling Center for HIV-Positive Women

and Their Children

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Nyemo 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2002-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$94,937
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to ensure that children and their family members affected by

AIDS and other chronic diseases receive support and assistance from the community in

which they live and that the community does

not discriminate against people living with

HIV/AIDS.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Provided care and support to as many as

350 orphans and vulnerable children and

their families each quarter 

 Served 200 women and 60 orphans and

vulnerable children as “day” beneficiaries 

 Helped beneficiaries form a social network

and encouraged them to establish a

women’s support group

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Strengthen community integration and support mechanisms and networks for vulnerable women and for orphans and vulnerable children

 Help the vocational training component of

the project expand its markets and sales

outlets

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Operating a vocational training center

 Assisting with job placement 

 Developing income-generating activities

CONTACT INFORMATION

Nyemo: 

Simone Herault (nyemo@camnet.com.kh)

Tel: 855-12-814834

FHI/Cambodia:

Chawalit Natpratan, Country Director

(chawalit@fhi.org.kh)

Tel: 855-12-808980/23-211914

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/Cambodia:

David Hausner (dhausner@usaid.gov)

Chantha Chak (cchak@usaid.gov)

170

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia

COUNTRY:

Cambodia

PROJECT:

Family and Community-Based Care and

Support for Orphans and Vulnerable Children

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Kien Kes Health Education Network

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 2002-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$52,781
The Kien Kes Health Education Network is a

local Cambodian organization that helps mitigate the effects of HIV/AIDS on communities.

Led by the abbot of a local Buddhist temple

(Kien Kes), the network includes representatives from the military and the police, the elderly population, local teachers, and other

community members. The temple and volunteers provide care for orphans, facilitate reintegration of orphans into the community, and

spread messages of compassion and nondiscrimination for people living with HIV/AIDS. FHI

provides capacity-building support to the volunteers in both project management and

HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and support activities, including counseling for children.

KEY ACCOMPLISMENTS

 Strengthened network of 30 temples to

replicate the Kien Kes model to reduce discrimination and provide emotional support

to children and persons living with HIV/AIDS

through dharma in the target areas of the

30 temples 

 Provided material support to help 490

orphans and vulnerable children remain in

school and negotiated for orphans to be

exempt from school fees

 With the help of monks and volunteers, provided spiritual and material support for 530

orphans and vulnerable children to remain

with extended families in the community

 Provided shelter at Kien Kes temple for 15

orphans while it identified foster families 

 Provided referrals for people living

with HIV/AIDS for treatment at local health

centers 

 Helped 35 patients gain access to VCT

services and 30 patients gain access to

TB/HIV screening and INH prophylaxis

 Provided hospice care to eight AIDS

patients who wanted to remain in the calm

environment of the temple and to some

whose families were too distressed to care

for them

 Helped families and children increase their

food and income sources by providing

seeds, chickens, and pigs to families caring

for orphans and vulnerable children

 Made arrangements for vocational training

for older orphans and vulnerable children

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Advocate to create a supportive environment for people living with HIV/AIDS and

orphans and vulnerable children

 Advocate to prevent trafficking in children

 Increase the ability of families, orphans,

and vulnerable children to care for

themselves

 Increase the capacity of children, people

living with HIV/AIDS, and family members to

earn their living by joining vocational training center activities and receiving money

from small income-generation activities 

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Self-care series for persons living with

HIV/AIDS

 Risk card set about how HIV/AIDS is and is

not transmitted and how to prevent

HIV/AIDS

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia 171
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to reduce the

impact of HIV/AIDS on orphans and vulnerable children and their older caregivers by

strengthening community awareness on

HIV/AIDS, individual coping mechanisms, and

community support. The project works with

older people to increase their capacity to

take care of themselves, their children, and

grandchildren, especially concerning emotional support and improvement of their livelihood situation.

An HAI study in Cambodia found that in the

poorest families affected by HIV/AIDS, the

older caregivers take responsible for both children and adults affected by HIV/AIDS. Few

children in these families attend school,

and many are malnourished and likely to

live in temporary or broken shelters. The study

concluded that older caregivers and their

HIV/AIDS-affected children and grandchildren

lack opportunities to develop sustainable

livelihood strategies to meet their most

basic needs. 

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Advocacy and community mobilization

 Networking and forming linkages among

religious entities

CONTACT INFORMATION

Kien Kes Health Education Network: 

Venerable Khut Ung

Tel: 855-12-727535

FHI/Cambodia:

Chawalit Natpratan, Country Director

(chawalit@fhi.org.kh)

Tel: 855-12-808980/23-211914

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/Cambodia:

David Hausner (dhausner@usaid.gov)

Chantha Chak (cchak@usaid.gov)

172

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia

COUNTRY: 

Cambodia

PROJECT:

Reducing the Impact of HIV/AIDS on

Orphans and Vulnerable Children and Older

Caregivers

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: HelpAge International (HAI) 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

December 2003-September 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$49,860
KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Supported older people to create older

people associations (OPAs). These associations have their own committees that run

small income-generation activities, such as

rice banks and savings schemes, and provide seeds for home gardens. The OPAs

donate their income to support older people and their grandchildren as needed. 

 Worked with older people to produce

materials that promote the role of older

caregivers and positive coping strategies

for caring for their grandchildren. A radio

spot has been developed to promote

these role models in the communities

where HAI works. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Increase the capacity of and use OPAs to

reduce discrimination against older people

and their families affected by HIV/AIDS

 Support families with older people to identify strategies to improve their livelihood and

support their grandchildren to go to school 

 Produce educational items for older people who cannot read or see small pictures

to increase their skills to take care of their

health and the health of their grandchildren and sick children

 Increase the capacity of OPA members to

provide basic home-based care for people

living with HIV/AIDS

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise in creating

and strengthening associations for older people to other projects for orphans and vulnerable children. 

CONTACT INFORMATION

HAI: 

Dim Vy (dimvy@online.com.kh)

Tel: 855-12949375

FHI/Cambodia:

Chawalit Natpratan, Country Director

(chawalit@fhi.org.kh)

Tel: 855-12-808980/23-211914

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/Cambodia:

David Hausner (dhausner@usaid.gov)

Chantha Chak (cchak@usaid.gov)

Asia and the Near East

Cambodia 173
PURPOSE

The main focus of the project is to initiate

responses from the community to provide

comprehensive HIV/AIDS prevention, care,

and support services to children and their

families living in the slums in Hyderabad. 

Strategies include:

 Developing capacity of project management staff

 Mobilizing the community to identify and in

turn support the needs of children and their

respective families

 Equipping the community to extend homebased care to children and their families

who are affected by AIDS

 Using a behavioral change communication

model to increase knowledge of HIV and

build the capacity of the whole community

 Reducing stigma and discrimination

 Creating linkages with community agencies or individuals

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Project staff recruited

 Training needs assessment conducted

 Capacity building workshops conducted

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Conduct a needs assessment in the project

area

 Develop a behavior change communication strategy and materials

 Educate families on home-based care for

people living with HIV/AIDS, including children

 Create an enabling environment within the

community through sensitization

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects in community mobilization for providing care and support for children and adults

affected by AIDS and in networking and creating linkages to help children infected and

affected by HIV/AIDS.

174 Asia and the Near East

India

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

ASHA (Hope)-Hyderabad

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Freedom Foundation, Hyderabad 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

December 2003-June 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$48,885
PURPOSE

The project aims to assist children of CSWs,

HIV-infected children, children of HIV-infected

parents, and other vulnerable adolescents in

the Kan Doctor Thottam brothel of

Pondicherry. The project intends to reach

these children directly as well as indirectly

through interventions with CSWs. SFDRT has

developed linkages with other CBOs, children’s homes, and orphanages to provide

assistance for access to care for children

infected with or affected by HIV. 

The strategies are to:

 Provide prevention and care services to

vulnerable children and adolescents

 Mobilize and build the capacity of communities to support children affected by AIDS

and vulnerable adolescents, especially girls

 Advocate and network to improve access

to services

CONTACT INFORMATION

Freedom Foundation, India:

Dr. Ashok K. Rau

Executive Trustee/C.E.O.

21, Cariappa Road

Bolarum

Secunderabad - 500 010

Ph: 91-40-27865530 / 27861023 / 27862148

(freedomfoundation1@rediffmail.com)

HEAD OFFICE:

Freedom Foundation-India

Centres of Excellence for Substance Abuse

and HIV/AIDS

180 Hennur Cross

Bangalore-560 043

FHI/India: 

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India: 

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

Asia and the Near East

India 175

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

Assisting Children Affected by HIV/AIDS -

Community-Based Prevention and Care

Services for Vulnerable Children and

Adolescents 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Society for Development Research

and Training (SFDRT)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

April 2000-December 2002 (Phase I)

January 2003-April 2004 (Phase II)

USAID AMOUNT:

$66,651 (Phase I)

$51,160 (Phase II)
 Build the capacity of the organization and

staff to ensure effective program management and implementation

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 293 orphans and vulnerable children have

received medical care, psychosocial support, nutritional supplements, educational,

recreation, and vocational support.

 64 children of CSWs from the Kan Doctor

Thottam area have benefited from the project’s day care center for children. 

 33 children were referred for vocational

trainings and placed in suitable jobs.

 20 foster mothers have been trained

and 14 children have received foster

care services.

 Eight community workers were trained to

carry out community-based interventions.

 25 children have benefited from the night

shelter services since January 2003.

 170 children have been enrolled in school

from the inception of the program.

 53 children benefited from remedial classes

during the second phase of the project.

 81 children have received nonformal

training.

 32 children benefited from life skills education sessions.

 16 meetings with the support groups for

orphans and vulnerable children and five

meetings with the Project Steering

Committee were organized between

January 2003 and April 2004.

 A forum of 25 children was established as

an independent registered forum. It will

function as an employment information

center with updates of job opportunities

and external news. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Strengthen self-help groups, youth groups,

children’s forums, steering committees, and

support groups for children affected by

HIV/AIDS so that they can carry forward

these community initiatives on their own

 For sustainability, link the children’s day

care center and night shelter with government support during the next phase

 Strengthen community involvement, especially to operate the day care activities at

the Kan Doctor Thottam brothel

 Through the children’s forum, create more

children’s groups and disseminate life skills

education

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Addressing issues and concerns of children

of CSWs, especially in the context of

HIV/AIDS prevention and care

 Mobilizing the community to provide prevention and care services for orphans and

vulnerable children

 Encouraging organized participation of

children

176

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India
PURPOSE

The project’s goal is to ensure access to community-based care and support services for

children infected and affected by HIV/AIDS in

selected communities of Pune and Salem

through the following strategies:

 Building the organizational and technical

capacity of partners for effective project

implementation

 Mobilizing communities to create an

enabling environment for care and support

 Providing community-based care and support to children affected by HIV/AIDS

 Establish linkages and networks to initiate a

comprehensive response

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Project staff recruited

 Training needs assessment conducted

 Mapping of community resources

conducted

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Conduct mass awareness programs on

HIV/AIDS in the communities

 Sensitization and community mobilization of

stakeholders

 Identification and training of community

care animators

 Home-based care and support services for

persons living with HIV/AIDS and their

children

 Training of care providers and medical

caregivers on how to care for children and

adults infected and affected by HIV/AIDS

CONTACT INFORMATION

SFDRT:

Shyamala Ashok (sfdrt@satyam.net.in)

Tel: 91-413-2349284/2220058

FHI/India:

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India:

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

Asia and the Near East

India 177

COUNTRY:

India 

PROJECT:

BRIDGES 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Project Concern International (PCI)

Subgrantees: Young Women’s Christian

Association (YWCA), Salem; Vanchit Vikas,

Pune

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

December 2003-September 2005 

USAID AMOUNT:

$ 210,606
PURPOSE

Through community mobilization and capacity

building, the project works with communities

to address the needs of children and women

affected by AIDS and provide home-based

care to children affected by AIDS. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 190 children received home-based care.

 230 community members were trained in

home-based care.

 Life skills education and educational support to children affected by HIV/AIDS

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 HIV/AIDS prevention for youth and children

 Monitoring and evaluation of intervention

with children

 Institutional capacity assessment and

building

 Economic support services for adults living

with HIV/AIDS

 Child development monitoring tool

 Life skills education 

CONTACT INFORMATION

PCI/USA:

Karen Romano

(kromano@projectconcern.org)

3550 Afton Road

San Diego, CA 92123

PCI/India: 

Rajesh Ranjan Singh (rajesh@pciindia.org)

Tel: 91-1124335297/99

Web site: http://www.projectconcern.org

FHI/India: 

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India: 

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

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India

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

Caring Community for Children Affected by

AIDS in Manipur

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Catholic Relief Services (CRS), India

Subgrantee: Diocesan Social Service Society,

Chandel

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

August 2003-January 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$98,982
 120 community leaders were sensitized to

support project activities.

 Behavior change communication activities

reached 900 community members.

 25 peer educators were trained in homebased care of children affected by AIDS

and behavior change communication

activities.

 300 women members of a self-help group

were oriented to the needs of children

affected by AIDS.

 Linkages were established with six existing

health and education institutions.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Mobilize local FBOs to support the needs of

children affected by AIDS

 Conduct advocacy with district authorities

and institutions to support health, education, and recreation needs of children

affected by AIDS

 Strengthen the capacity of self-help group

members to care for children affected by

AIDS

 Conduct community meetings to address

stigma and discrimination with the involvement of persons living with HIV/AIDS

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Behavior change communication materials

 Lessons learned document

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

community mobilization and mobilizing selfhelp groups.

CONTACT INFORMATION

CRS/India: 

Marc D’Silva (mdsilva@crsindia.org)

Ashok Kumar Agarwal (drashok@crscal.org)

Tel: 91-11-2648-7256

FHI/India: 

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia: 

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kcrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India: 

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

Asia and the Near East

India 179
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to build capacity of

communities to implement integrated

HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and support activities for children in three high-prevalence locations of Andhra Pradesh. The project has a target of reaching 2,200 infected and affected

children and 11,000 other children through

community-based activities in three locations

of Andhra Pradesh. 

Strategies include:

 Building capacity of staff for effective program implementation

 Mobilizing communities to meet the needs

of children and their families

 Behavior change communication to

increase knowledge of HIV/AIDS, decrease

stigma, and address discrimination

 Providing home-based care through building capacities of children affected by AIDS

and their families

 Advocacy for meeting the needs of children affected by AIDS, including nutrition,

education, and health 

 Mobilizing health and social networks and

facilities to respond to the needs of children affected by AIDS

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS 

 The first round of project staff capacity

building on behavior change communication and counseling was completed.

 Needs assessments were completed at the

three project locations.

 729 infected and affected children (390

boys and 339 girls aged 0 to 19 years) have

been served through the project’s community-based care component.

 699 children have received health care,

supplementary nutrition, psychosocial support (through individual and group counseling), and educational support.

 119 children have been referred to VCT

centers for HIV testing.

 1,035 children have used the project’s

community-level recreational facilities.

 146 family members (one member per family) have been trained as care providers to

the infected or affected child/children and

provided with home-based care kits.

 79 non-paid peer educators (51 boys and

38 girls aged 13 to 18) are working for the

project.

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Asia and the Near East

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COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

Cheyuthu (Helping Hand)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantees: Catholic Relief Services; St.Ann’s

Educational Society; The Congregation of

the Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate;

Nrityanjali Academy 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

August 2003-February 2005

USAID AMOUNT: 

$278,626 
 69 non-paid lay counselors, identified and

trained from the community, are working

for the project.

 14 self-help groups comprising approximately 150 women from affected/infected

and other families have been formed to

enhance family incomes. In addition, the

groups address issues of stigma and discrimination and provide psychosocial support to the members.

 Referral linkages for health, education, and

nutrition have been established with 25

government and 14 private facilities, an

indication that the project is using the

available local infrastructure effectively.

 60 health care providers have been trained

to provide care to children and adults living with HIV/AIDS.

 40 mass awareness campaigns were conducted involving general community members, youth members, women’s groups,

and community leaders to address stigma

and discrimination. 

 District-level project advisory committees

have been formed at three locations,

involving community leaders, government

officials, people living with HIV/AIDS, philanthropists, etc.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Adopt/develop behavior change communication strategy and material

 Adopt home-based care module (from

the earlier project) for infected and

affected children

 Second round of capacity building for the

project staff

 Vocational training for children older

than 18

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Needs assessment report 

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable

children in:

 Establishing and operating a communitybased care model for infected or affected

children

 Setting up a food/nutrition distribution

system

 Developing a behavior change communication strategy and materials

 Developing community mobilization strategies and approaches

 Establishing effective networks and linkages

 Planning project implementation

 Initiating and maintaining self-help groups

 Recruiting and retaining child peer

educators

 Addressing stigma and discrimination

 Monitoring and evaluation 

CONTACT INFORMATION

Catholic Relief Services/India: 

Marc D’Silva (mdsilva@crsindia.org)

Ashok Kumar Agarwal (drashok@crscal.org)

David Solomon (dsolomon@crshyd.org)

Tel: 91-11-2648-7256

Asia and the Near East

India 181
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to enhance the ability of high-risk and vulnerable children in

Mumbai to respond effectively to situations

that place them at risk for HIV infection by

combining dance with counseling and life skills

education, using child-friendly approaches. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 817 children participated in 1,093 dance

sessions, 442 group counseling sessions, and

623 life skills sessions.

 Viable partnerships have been built with

eight NGOs and the government.

 Two public dance performances reached

1,600 community members.

 The peer group dancers performed at the

MTV AIDS Summit on November 15 (telecast December 1, 2003) before a live audience of 35,000 persons, with the show seen

in 80 million homes. The same group performed at the Bandra Festival in Mumbai

on November 23, 2003, before an audience of more than 1,000.

St.Ann’s Educational Society:

Sr. Tresa (snehasadan@sancharnet.in) 

Tel: 91-8812-230465

The Congregation of the Missionary Sisters of

the Immaculate:

Sr. Bridget (dlc_Vegavaram@yahoo.com) 

Tel: 91-866-2852231

Nrityanjali Academy:

Mr. Narsing Rao

(nrityanjaliacademy@yahoo.com) 

Tel: 91-40-27705032

FHI/India: 

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org) 

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org) 

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia: 

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org) 

Tel: 703-516-9779 

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov) 

USAID/India: 

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

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Asia and the Near East

India

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

Dancing Feat

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantees: Committed Communities

Development Trust; Shiamak Davar Institute

for the Performing Arts

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

November 2001-February 2003 (Phase I)

March 2003-May 2004 (Phase II)

USAID AMOUNT:

$70,432 (Phase I)

$93,169 (Phase II)
 19 child representatives regularly attend

management meetings, contribute to project progress, and provide feedback.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Strengthen the counseling component of

the program by conducting group counseling sessions and regular one-to-one counseling for children

 Develop an operational strategy for life

skills education and carry out weekly life

skills education sessions for children

 Develop a promotional video for the

project

 Carry out capacity-building activities for

NGO staff and the project team through

ongoing training in program and technical

areas such as communication, counseling,

and life skills education

 Form partnerships with additional NGOs

and strengthen existing partnerships

through regular meetings and communication with NGO partners

 Disseminate lessons learned from the project for possible replication

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Operational strategy for life skills education

for vulnerable children 

 Protocols for individual and group counseling and case conferencing

 Report on the dance therapy workshop

conducted by Tripura Kashyap, a

renowned Indian dance and movement

therapist

 Promotional video of the project

 Documented experiences and lessons

learned from the project 

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Psychosocial issues related to vulnerability

of children to HIV/AIDS

 Child-friendly approaches and tools for

addressing children’s vulnerability

 Dance as a means for facilitating therapeutic intervention

 Life skills education activities with vulnerable children

 Counseling children in high-risk situations

CONTACT INFORMATION

Committed Communities Development Trust:

Sara Lizia D’Mello

(ccdtrust@bom5.vsnl.net.in)

Tel: 91-022-26513908

Tel/Fax: 91-022-26443345 

Web site: www.ccdtrust.org 

Shiamak Davar Institute for the Performing Arts:

Glen D’Mello (glen@mail.shiamak.com)

Tel: 91-022-23512481

Web site: www.shiamak.com 

FHI/ India:

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

Asia and the Near East

India 183
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to reduce HIV/STI

risks among substance-using street children in

Delhi. Many of these children are from

HIV/AIDS-affected families. 

The key strategies of the project include: 

 Organizational and staff capacity building

for effective program implementation

 Behavior change communication to

improve health and awareness on STI/HIV

 Reduce substance use and HIV risks

through detoxification 

 Provision of short-term rehabilitation services for children after detoxification

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 652 orphans and vulnerable children were

reached (as of April 2004).

 501 children have received medical care

in Delhi.

 501 children have received nutritional support at the day care and detoxification

center in Delhi.

 395 children received nonformal educational support at Delhi.

 106 children underwent detoxification.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

The program foresees assisting substanceusing children, especially those who use hardcore drugs, by:

 Providing services to 1,000 children who are

drug-dependent in three areas of Delhi

 Establishing a drop-in-center for 500 children

 Providing detoxification to 250 children 

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India:

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.org)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

184

Asia and the Near East

India

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

HIV/AIDS Intervention Among SubstanceUsing Street Children in Delhi

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Society for Service to Urban Poverty

(SHARAN) 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

August 2002-February 2004 (Phase I)

March 2004-August 2005 (Phase II)

USAID AMOUNT:

$113,441(Phase I)

$118,426 (Phase II)
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to reduce risks of

STI/HIV among substance-using children in

Mumbai. Many of these children are from

HIV/AIDS-affected families. 

The key strategies of the project include: 

 Staff capacity building 

 Outreach services to improve knowledge

and awareness, with special attention to

substance-using girls

 Detoxification of substance-using children

 Provision of short-term rehabilitation

services

 Advocacy for enabling environment

 Providing a two-month rehabilitation course

to 100 children 

 Developing standard protocols for detoxification of children

 Developing a training manual for NGO staff

on early detection and management of

substance use by children

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Training staff of children’s organizations to

deal with substance use by children

 Child detoxification 

 Counseling children who are drugdependent

CONTACT INFORMATION

SHARAN:

Sunil Batra 

W-127, Greater Kailash, Part - II

New Delhi-110048

Tel: 91-11-51642311/ 51642322

(sharanindia@vsnl.com )

FHI/India: 

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India: 

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

Asia and the Near East

India 185

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

HIV/AIDS Intervention Among SubstanceUsing Street Children in Mumbai

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Society for Undertaking Poor

People’s Onus for Rehabilitation (SUPPORT)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

March 2004-August 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$47,823 (Phase I)

$115,318 (Phase II)
KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS 

The key accomplishments of the first phase,

as of April 2004, are: 

 Outreach activities that reached 2,394 children

 Attendance of 229 orphans and vulnerable

children at day care centers

 Detoxification of 160 children

 Rehabilitation of 82 children

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

The project aims to reach substance-using

street children in Mumbai through the following activities:

 Behavior change communication activities

for 1,500 substance-using street children

 Drop-in center services for 500 children

 Comprehensive medical checkups for

200 children

 Detoxification of 160 children 

 Short-term rehabilitation services for

70 children

 Sensitization of police and NGO staff

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Training staff of children’s organizations to

deal with substance use by children

 Child detoxification 

 Rehabilitation of substance-using children

CONTACT INFORMATION

SUPPORT:

Sujata Ganega 

Old BMC Building

2nd Floor Nehru road

Santa Cruz East

Mumbai -110055

Tel: 91-22-26652904

(support@vsnl.com)

FHI/India: 

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India: 

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

186

Asia and the Near East

India
PURPOSE

The project works to reduce the risk of

HIV/AIDS exposure and infection among street

children, working children, and slum dwellers,

especially girls. Many of these children are

from families affected by HIV/AIDS. 

Strategies include:

 Building life skills among street and working

children with particular emphasis on health

promotion and preventing HIV/AIDS

 Promoting access to health services

 Strengthening family reunification through

counseling and support to children, families, and the wider community

 Providing vocational training and job

placements for children

 Strengthening the capacity of staff through

training and capacity building

The project provides care and support to vulnerable children through life skills education,

counseling, health services, vocational training, reunification of children with family members, income generation and job placements

for older children, boarding facilities, and

recreation and games. The project advocates

for children’s rights by networking with other

NGOs and CBOs and with police officials. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS 

 10,533 street and working children at the

railway station and other contact points

have received information about life skills

education; health; sex and sexuality; and

prevention of drug abuse, STIs, and

HIV/AIDS.

 5,174 children were provided with medical

care and 1,723 cases were referred to hospitals for treatment.

 As part of an education program, 197 children have enrolled in schools, 2,447 children are participating in nonformal education classes, and 199 children are studying

in the SBT-operated national open school

center.

 1,756 children have received interpersonal

counseling, of whom 40 received special

counseling by mental health professionals.

 83 staff members, including 20 peer educators/field assistants, have been trained in

various issues related to HIV/AIDS, including

prevention strategies and the care and

support needs of children.

Asia and the Near East

India 187

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

HIV/AIDS Prevention for Street and Slum

Children in Delhi

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Salaam Baalak Trust (SBT)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

August 1999-June 2002 (Phase I)

September 2002-February 2004 (Phase II) 

March 2004-August 2005 (Phase III)

USAID AMOUNT:

$105,537 (Phase I)

$73,434 (Phase II)

$75,000 (Phase III)
 234 girls have used the facilities of the girls

shelter.

 119 girls have been reunited with their families, both in and out of Delhi.

 Approximately 120 children have been

referred to VCT centers.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Direct an annual theatre presentation by

street children as an advocacy tool in Delhi

city schools

 Provide clinical care services through

health camps, health awareness programs,

and referrals for VCT services 

 Strengthen psychosocial support services to

traumatized and disabled children, including referral services for detoxification,

through the Mental Health Core Group 

 Reunification of children with their families

and sensitization of families and wider

communities on issues faced by street

children through a photo-documentary

prepared by SBT

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Resource directory on child-friendly services

available in Delhi

 Education materials on HIV/AIDS preventions developed by street children 

 Strategies for increasing participation of

children in HIV/AIDS prevention programs

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Training of NGO staff in HIV/AIDS and

related issues among street and working

children

 Operating a peer education program for

street children

 Capacity building of staff regarding the

Juvenile Justice Act

 Sensitization and awareness programs on

street children issues through the use of various media such as street plays, rallies, and

mass health awareness programs in communities

CONTACT INFORMATION

SBT:

Praveen Nair, Managing Trustee

(salaambt@vsnl.com)

P.N. Mishra, Program Manager

(salaambt@vsnl.com)

FHI/India: 

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India: 

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

188

Asia and the Near East

India
PURPOSE

The project aims to minimize the impact of

HIV/AIDS on children and their families in

Namakkal Union through community-based

prevention and care activities.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 85 children affected by AIDS were reached

through home-based care. 

 342 children received clinical care.

 70 children were given nutritional support

through partners.

 10 children affected by AIDS and 27 parents received psychosocial support.

 Four women’s self-help groups have been

formed in four zones. 

 Six children’s clubs have been formed.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Registering new children affected by AIDS

into the home-based care program

 Providing child counseling

 Offering medical and nursing care

 Providing referral services

 Networking and linking with partner

organizations 

 Increasing vocational training

 Conducting activities

 Introducing life skills education to the community

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

community mobilization on HIV/AIDS issues

through self-help groups.

CONTACT INFORMATION

CHES:

Dr. P. Manorama, Project Director

198, Rangarajapuram Main Road,

Kodambakkam, Chennai - 600 024

Tamilnadu, South India, India

Tel: (044) 2472-6655/5213-3249

Fax: (044) 2473-1283

(ches_cheschennai@yahoo.co.in)

Asia and the Near East

India 189

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

Project Motukkal, a Community-Based Care

and Support Project for Children Affected by

HIV/AIDS in Namakkal Union in Tamilnadu

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantees: Community Health Education

Society (CHES); Women’s Organization in

Rural Development (WORD) 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

December 2003-May 2005 

USAID AMOUNT: 

$83,947
WORD: 

Ms. M. Sarala, Director 

186/1, Kavin Harsha Complex, Nethaji Nagar II

Street, Trichy Road, Namakkal- 637 001

Tamilnadu South India, India

Tel: 04286-220-280

(wordnkl@ngos.cc)

FHI/IMPACT/India:

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kcrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India:

Robert Clay (rclaybmoscov@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

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Asia and the Near East

India

PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to improve the wellbeing of children infected and affected by

HIV/AIDS in the target area by providing comprehensive care and support programs in an

enabling environment. The project has a target of reaching out to 1,250 infected and

affected children in two locations in India. 

Project strategies include:

 Providing community-based care and support through social workers and peer educators

 Providing community-based medical care

and treatment for infected and affected

children through clinics

 Increasing community sensitization, mobilization, and participation of key stakeholders in project activities to create an

enabling environment

 Generating optimal use of services (institutional facilities) through established referrals

and linkages for medical care, incomegenerating projects, and education

 Enhancing the capacity of implementing

partners and local NGOs and providing

them with technical support

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS 

 1,165 infected and affected children (571

girls and 594 boys, 24% aged 0-4; 34% aged

5-9; 29% aged 10-14, and 13% aged 15-19)

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

Providing Community-Based Care and

Support to Infected and Affected Children in

Parts of Delhi and Andhra Pradesh

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantees: Catholic Relief Services (CRS);

Women’s Action Group/Chelsea; St. Paul’s

Trust

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

August 2002-January 2004. Extended to May

2004 for finalizing the second phase proposal. 

USAID AMOUNT:

$285,507
have been served through the communitybased care component of the project.

 All 1,165 children have received health

care at some point of time. 

 1,098 children have received supplementary nutrition (one meal per day local food

equivalent). 

 1,104 children have received psychosocial

support through individual and group

counselling.

 427 children have used recreational facilities provided at drop-in centers.

 730 children have received educational

support (e.g., tuition fees, books, and uniforms).

 211 children have been referred to VCT

centers for HIV testing.

 Seven boys and 35 girls older than 14 years

have received vocational training through

linkages with agencies offering such training.

 One member per family has been trained

as a care provider for the infected or

affected child or children.

 66 non-paid peer educators (33 boys, 33

girls), aged 15 to 19, are actively working in

the project.

 13 self-help groups (comprising 130 women

from affected and infected families) have

been formed and are proving to be an

important means of building self-confidence, self-support, and social momentum

to mobilize communities to provide

care and support of infected and

affected children.

 Referral linkages for health, education, and

vocational training have been established

with 24 government and 26 private facilities, indicating effective utilization of locally

available resources.

 62 children have been admitted to orphanages and boarding schools.

 A “lessons learned” study was conducted

after one year of project implementation;

the results were shared through a nationallevel dissemination meeting.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES 

 Gradual withdrawal of nutritional

supplements

 Practice and review of newly developed

behaviour change communication materials (posters and flash cards)

 Training of caregivers in homes and communities on the use of the home-based

care manual

 Introduction of life skills education for children aged 8 to18 years

 Strengthening of the educational and

counselling component of the project

 Further strengthening of the networking

and referral system with the existing infrastructures to ensure continuation of care

and support activities for the infected and

affected children with minimal external

support beyond the second phase of the

project

Asia and the Near East

India 191
PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Baseline survey report

 Project management and information

system

 Project behavior change communication

strategy 

 Behavior change communication tools

(posters and flash cards) 

 Lessons learned document (to be finalized)

 Home-based care manual (to be finalized)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise to other

projects in the following areas:

 Establishing and operating a communitybased care model for infected or affected

children

 Setting up a food/nutrition distribution

system

 Developing a behavior change communication strategy and materials

 Developing community mobilization strategies and approaches

 Establishing effective networks and linkages

 Planning project implementation

 Initiating and maintaining self-help groups

 Recruitment and sustenance of child peer

educators 

 Addressing stigma and discrimination 

 Monitoring and evaluation

CONTACT INFORMATION

CRS/India: 

Marc D’Silva (mdsilva@crsindia.org)

Ashok Kumar Agarwal (drashok@crscal.org)

David Solomon (dsolomon@crshyd.org)

Tel: 91-11-2648-7256

Women’s Action Group/Chelsea:

Doe Nair (wagchelsea@vsnl.net)

Tel: 91-11-22130451/52

St. Paul’s Trust:

K.I. Jacob (acfi@rediffmail.com)

Tel: 91-884-2327634

FHI/India: 

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia: 

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India: 

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

192

Asia and the Near East

India
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to initiate community

responses for the physical and psychosocial

well-being of persons living with HIV/AIDS,

including children affected by AIDS, in specific

areas of Guntur and Vijayawada districts in

Andhra Pradesh. The project uses broad community-based approaches to address issues of

stigma and discrimination by reaching out to

all households, including those with children

infected and affected by HIV/AIDS. To ensure

effective implementation and sustainability,

entry points are being identified and linkages

built using existing community structures and

resources. 

Key strategies of the project include: 

 Community mobilization and participation

in project planning and implementation

to build the capacities of families and

caregivers 

 Development and implementation of a

behavior change communication strategy

 Provision of child-focused services to meet

the needs of children affected by HIV/AIDS 

 Networking and sensitization of stakeholders to create an enabling environment and

promote greater involvement of persons living with HIV/AIDS

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 708 orphans and other vulnerable children,

including children living with HIV/AIDS (350

boys and 358 girls), have been receiving

various services under the project.

 46 community initiatives to meet the needs

of orphans and vulnerable children were

supported.

 36 sensitization events were organized.

 Six FBOs organized and networked to provide services to families with orphans and

vulnerable children.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES 

 Conduct situation assessment

 Train families on home-based care of children affected by AIDS

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 HIV prevention interventions

 Community mobilization

 HIV/AIDS care and support

Asia and the Near East

India 193

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

PRUNAJEEVA (“Full Life”)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: World Vision 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

May 2003-November 2004 

USAID AMOUNT:

$162,526
 Home- and community-based care 

 Mainstreaming HIV/AIDS program into existing community development programs

CONTACT INFORMATION

World Vision/India:

Vijay Edward, Associate Director, 

Health & HIV/AIDS (vijay_edward@wvi.org)

Tel: 91-44-24807000 / 24807163 / 

Fax: 91-44-24807242

World Vision/Washington:

Marie Christine Anastasi (manastasi@wvi.org)

FHI/India: 

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India: 

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

194

Asia and the Near East

India

PURPOSE

The project aims to reduce the vulnerability of

adolescents, especially girls, to HIV/AIDS by

involving parents, families, and community

members. The project is based in Najafgarh on

the outskirts of Delhi, a semi-urban township

with a high migrant population.

Working through a YWCA-based center and

six community-based centers, the project has

the following strategies:

 Developing community-based mechanisms

to reduce exposure to high-risk behavior

among adolescents and younger children

 Empowering adolescents by improving literacy and providing them training in life and

livelihood skills to promote their overall

development

 Addressing the needs of younger children

through education, recreation, and nutrition 

 Reducing the risk of sexual and other

forms of exploitation of adolescent girls

through awareness programs and

counseling services 

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

Reducing the Vulnerability of Adolescents to

HIV/AIDS in the Slums of Delhi 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Young Women’s Christian

Association (YWCA), New Delhi

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

September 2002-September 2005

USAID AMOUNT:

$155,130
KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 558 orphans and vulnerable children

were reached through care and support

services.

 Approximately 470 adolescents and

children (5 to10 years old) receive

nutritional supplements and medical

care every month.

 The YWCA-based center and six community-based centers provide a safe space for

approximately 300 adolescents (especially

girls) per month.

 200 adolescents receive life skills education

every month.

 134 adolescents and children had been

admitted to schools as of April 2004.

 50 children had been enrolled in the

National Open School as of April 2004.

 240 children and adolescents (130 boys

and 110 girls) are receiving remedial education classes while continuing their school

education.

 283 adolescents and children (154 girls and

129 boys) are receiving nonformal education following the National Council for

Education, Research, and Training syllabus.

 34 boys and 87 girls have received vocational training in cutting, tailoring, and electrical work.

 30 members of the adolescent group (Yuva

Sabha) have received training on adolescent health, HIV/AIDS, and sex and sexuality issues.

 15 CHVs have received basic training on

first aid, sanitation, reproductive health,

and community referral services.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES 

 Expand services to reach 750 adolescents

and children during the current project

phase

 Strengthen the counseling component

using the FHI counseling protocol for testing

and disclosure of HIV status to children

 Provide 400 adolescents with life skills

education 

 Staff capacity building activities for life skills

education, behavior change communication, child participatory methodologies,

and technical issues related to HIV/AIDS

 Ensure sustainability of the project by

strengthening the capacity of 30 CHVs and

75 Yuva Sabha peer group members 

 Develop an action plan to operationalize

the behavior change communication

framework for orphans and vulnerable children in order to reduce their HIV risk

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Family life education training manual covering such topics as marriage, family planning, conception, and parenthood 

 Vocational training course material and syllabus on cutting, tailoring, dress designing,

and fabric painting

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Implementation of life skill education 

 Implementation of family life education 

Asia and the Near East

India 195
PURPOSE

The project aims to protect children in

Falkland Road Mumbai and Turbhe-Vashi

(Navi Mumbai) townships who are vulnerable

to HIV/AIDS. The project’s target populations

include children orphaned by AIDS, children

of HIV-positive mothers, and children who are

vulnerable to sexual exploitation. The primary

goals are to reduce the vulnerability to

HIV/AIDS of children who are susceptible to

commercial sexual exploitation; to ensure the

well-being of children affected by HIV/AIDS

using a rights-based approach; and to provide care and support. 

Key project strategies include: 

 Delinking children from brothels (but not

from their mothers)

 Operating night-care centers for children

affected by HIV/AIDS

 Eliminating second-generation trafficking

 Increasing human, civil, and health rights

awareness among vulnerable women

 Low-cost nutrition programs 

 Vocational training 

 Training of peer educators on HIV/AIDS 

 Community mobilization 

 Networking with other faith-based

organizations 

CONTACT INFORMATION

YWCA: 

Ms Nirmala Antony (nirmalaywca@vsnl.net)

Tel: 91-1125016508

FHI/IMPACT/India:

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kcrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India:

Robert Clay (rclaybmoscov@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

196

Asia and the Near East

India

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

Reducing the Vulnerability to HIV/AIDS of

Children and Women Victims of Commercial

Sexual Exploitation and Trafficking (VOCSET) 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Prerana

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

April 2000-August 2002 (Phase I)

September 2002-February 2004 (Phase II)

USAID AMOUNT:

$62,065 (Phase I)

$61,108 (Phase II)
 Creating self-help groups among vulnerable women and helping them network with

other groups

 Ensuring the educational rights of children

through maximum school enrollment and

sustained formal education

 Establishing self-help networks of children 

Night-care centers established under the project offer safe sleeping space; food; health

checkups, referrals, and follow-ups; comprehensive educational support; psychosocial

support; life skills education; and recreational

opportunities. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 As of April 30, 2003, 613 orphans and vulnerable children had received care and

support through health, educational, and

nutritional services; psychosocial counseling; life skills training; and night shelters at

two locations in Mumbai.

 103 children, aged 6 to 18, have been

receiving life skills education.

 119 children have been placed in boarding schools and vocational training centers

to prevent them from being exploited in

the sex trade.

 Five self-help groups, with some members

living with HIV/AIDS, have been formed to

encourage women to develop habits of

thrift and credit.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Expand ongoing efforts to place children in

foster homes and institutions of residential

care (by the end of the second phase of

the project, five more children are expected to have been placed in institutions, for a

total of 42 placements)

 Focus on skills development of women living with HIV/AIDS and simultaneously continue efforts to reduce vulnerability to

HIV/AIDS by offering women in sex trade

alternative means of generating income

 In the project’s third phase, strengthen children’s collectives and facilitate peer

groups to address HIV/AIDS issues, with special emphasis on care and support and

addressing stigma and discrimination 

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Child participatory methodologies for

organizations working with orphans and vulnerable children

 Life skills education approach for

children of victims of commercial sexual

exploitation and children exploited through

the sex trade

 Manual on how to establish and

operate night-care centers for children in

brothel areas

 Manual on how to operate educational

development programs for children in

brothel areas

 Manual on how to manage institutional

placement programs for children in

brothel areas

 Manual on children’s rights and child

protection for children in brothel areas

 Lessons learned document disseminated at

a workshop in Mumbai on March 18, 2004

Asia and the Near East

India 197
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to ensure the availability of care and support services for children infected and affected by HIV/AIDS in

three selected zones of Guntur district in

Andhra Pradesh. 

The project strategies include:

 Behavior change communication

 Community organization and mobilization

 Meeting the needs of children by providing

and improving their access to services

 Capacity building for caregivers, families

and people living with HIV/AIDS 

 Networking with government and private

institutions

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Methodologies for forming self-help groups

of women living with HIV/AIDS, especially

victims of commercial sexual exploitation

 Networking

 Development of program modules for victims of sexual exploitation

 Training in how to work with state agencies

 Orientation on interface between field programs and legal framework

CONTACT INFORMATION

Prerana:

Priti Patkar (pppatkar@giasbm01.vsnl.net.in)

Tel: 91-22-23053166/23007266

FHI/India: 

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India:

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov) 

198

Asia and the Near East

India

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

Sishu Adhikar Raksha (Protection of Rights of

Children) Project 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Social Educational and Economic

Development Society (SEEDS)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

March 2003-August 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$95,773
KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 96 infected children and 978 affected children from 538 families were identified.

 131 children were referred to a VCT center,

with their parents/caregivers receiving preand post-test counseling. 

 911 children were referred for

medical care. 

 Behavior change communication reached

300 children affected by HIV/AIDS, 330

families, and 7,129 community members.

 538 parents received counseling support.

 157 children aged 14 to 18+ were identified

as potential peer educators; 45 received

peer educator training. 

 130 health providers were oriented on providing clinical care for children affected

and infected by HIV/AIDS.

 201 schoolteachers were sensitized.

 63 caregivers were trained and provided

with home-based care kits.

 23 community-based day care centers are

functioning and serving the needs of 575

children affected by HIV/AIDS.

 45 children are receiving life skills

education.

 255 children were supported for

education needs.

 48 caretakers were trained in entrepreneurship development.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Training in entrepreneurship development

linked with vocational and skill upgrading,

along with linkages to appropriate

livelihoods for peer educators, parents,

and caregivers of orphans and vulnerable

children 

 Sensitizing policymakers, community leaders, religious leaders, and civil society

organizations

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Home-based care kit

 Exhibition kits in Telugu 

 Home-based care kit booklet in Telugu

 Training material (in Telugu) for health care

service providers

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Techniques and methods of community

mobilization, organization, participation

 Home-based care in resource-poor rural

and urban settings 

 Training in entrepreneurship development

and appropriate livelihood development 

 Life skills education 

 Child participatory methods

Asia and the Near East

India 199
PURPOSE

The project aims to reduce the vulnerability of

street and working children and their families

to HIV/AIDS and STIs. Many of these children

are from families affected by HIV/AIDS.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 3,027 street and working children have

received services.

 175 children have been provided with a

safe space through the short-stay home.

 94 peer educators have been identified

and trained and actively contribute to

the project.

 1,174 children have been provided with

basic numeric and literacy skills through

nonformal education classes.

 44 children have been enrolled in schools

for formal education.

 328 children have received vocational

training.

 25 children have entered apprenticeship

programs for job placement. 

 1,116 children were counseled on HIV/AIDS,

other STIs, and issues related to sex and sexuality.

 1,200 children received life skills education

in 68 sessions.

 3,937 children have received treatment for

general ailments at health camps. 

 396 children received dental care and

treatment at six dental camps. 

CONTACT INFORMATION

SEEDS:

Mr. D. Roshan Kumar

(seedsorg@rediffmail.com) 

Tel: 91-863-223-8230/235-1631

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (Bitra@fhiindia.com)

Tel: 91-11-2687-3950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India:

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

200

Asia and the Near East

India

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

Street and Working Children Affected by

AIDS Project

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Project Concern International (PCI) 

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

March 2000-June 2002 (Phase I)

July 2002-January 2004 (Phase II)

February 2004-July 2005 (Phase III)

USAID AMOUNT:

$126,640 (Phase I)

$196,247 (Phase II)

$206,777 (Phase III)
 150 children receive daily nutrition

supplements.

 16 children have been reunited with

their families.

 One theater group was formed to spread

information about HIV/AIDS, child rights,

and leprosy.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES 

 Focus on reuniting children with their families

 Provide services to children living with HIV

and community members through mobile

van services

 Evaluate the impact of the program using

the child development and monitoring tool 

 Ensure the sustainability of the program by

involving peer educators and community

members and through income-generation

programs

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Child development and monitoring tool

 Guidelines for rapid test for HIV

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 HIV/AIDS prevention for street youth

 Institutional capacity assessment and

building

 Economic support services for street youth

 Social welfare services for street youth 

 Child development monitoring tool

 Family life/life skills education 

CONTACT INFORMATION

PCI/USA:

Karen Romano 

(kromano@projectconcern.org)

3550 Afton Road

San Diego, CA 92123

PCI/India: 

Rajesh Ranjan Singh (rajesh@pciindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-2433-5297/99

Web site: http://www.projectconcern.org

FHI/India: 

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kcrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India: 

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

Asia and the Near East

India 201
PURPOSE

The project aims to provide comprehensive

care to vulnerable and infected or affected

children and their mothers through night shelters, day care centers, and crisis intervention

centers. The overall project goal is to protect

and nurture children in vulnerable situations to

facilitate their growth so toward becoming

healthy and contributing members of society. 

Strategies for the current phase include:

 Strengthening community outreach activities by developing and sustaining relationships with allied systems and resources,

thereby creating an enabling environment

for vulnerable and at-risk children

 Providing night shelter in order to make a

safe place available for protecting vulnerable children against sexual exploitation and

trafficking in red light areas

 Providing temporary care and support to

vulnerable children and their mothers in crisis situations

 Networking with organizations working on

similar or related issues for referral services,

advocacy, and policy development

 Documenting and disseminating key lessons and experiences

 Building the capacity of the project team,

collaborating NGOs, and the community to

respond to the needs of the at-risk children 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 1,691 orphans and vulnerable children

(1052 girls and 639 boys) received care

and support services.

 109 children (32 boys and 77 girls) are

enrolled in formal school, with educational

support provided.

 181 girls have been enrolled at the night

shelter.

 390 girls in crisis situations were referred to

the night shelter by other organization and

provided with short-term stay facilities.

 599 children have accessed medical care

facilities for general health checkups and

to attend various health camps.

 695 children have attended life skills education sessions.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Develop rehabilitation options for older children, especially boys

202

Asia and the Near East

India

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

Strengthening Community Support for

Vulnerable Children and Mothers in Mumbai

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Committed Communities

Development Trust

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

December 1999-August 2002 (Phase I)

September 2002-February 2004 (Phase II)

USAID AMOUNT:

$85,924 (Phase I)

$82,761 (Phase II)
 Facilitate the development of incomegenerating schemes for women

 Provide vocational training options for

children

 Develop a best practice model for a

comprehensive urban care and support

program

 Develop a nonformal education module

that incorporates specific topics of interest

to women

 Organize workshops with other NGOs on

child rights and institutional care for children infected and affected by HIV

 Develop more awareness among girls

regarding issues such as sexual abuse,

growing up, and life skills

 Provide life skills training for children,

women, and project staff

 Help women and children access better

health services and teach them better

ways to prevent HIV/STIs

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Training kit on sexual health from other

organizations

 Module for training in sexuality

 Counseling guidelines for women and

children

 Guidelines for counseling girls in the special

juvenile home

 A child care manual for child care functionaries (in preparation)

 Memory books for children prepared by

their mothers

 Nutrition chart and nutrition education

handbook

 Psychological testing kits for children,

including the Draw A Man Test, the

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children

(Indian adaptation), the Vineland Social

Maturity Scale, and the Children’s

Adaptation Test (Indian adaptation)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise for other

orphans and vulnerable children projects in

the following areas:

 Assessing the needs of children in vulnerable situations and organizations concerned

with child care

 Training child care workers and

functionaries

 Monitoring and evaluation of programs for

at-risk children

 Training of community workers/volunteers in

home-based care

 Development of information, education,

and communication materials

 Counseling children and families affected

and infected by HIV/AIDS

 Organizing workshops on issues related to

child rights

Asia and the Near East

India 203
PURPOSE

The project in the extension phase is to create

an enabling environment in about 35 selected

slums of Chennai to address the needs of children affected by AIDS and their families

through a combination of direct community

interventions, partnerships, and networks and

by increasing the capacity of organizations to

undertake care and support activities for

these children. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 16,178 community members reached 

 14 local NGOs and 55 CBOs supported in

their work with children affected by AIDS

 2,367 children reached through six

children’s clubs

 151 families provided with homebased care

 354 children affected by AIDS reached

through care and support services

 1,296 children provided with clinical care

 648 children provided with nutrition support

 53 children affected by AIDS provided care

at the short-stay home

 280 caregivers trained for homebased care

CONTACT INFORMATION

Committed Communities Development Trust:

Sara Lizia D’Mello

(ccdtrust@bom5.vsn1.com)

Tel: 91-022-26513908

Tel/Fax: 91-022-26443345

Web site: www.ccdtrust.org

FHI/IMPACT/India:

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kcrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India:

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

204

Asia and the Near East

India

COUNTRY:

India 

PROJECT:

Thooli (“cradle”) – Care of Children Infected

and Affected by, and Vulnerable to, AIDS 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Community Health Education

Society (CHES)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

March 2000-July 2002 (Phase I)

August 2002-January 2004 (Phase II)

February 2004-July 2005 (Phase II extension)

USAID AMOUNT:

$90,881 (Phase I)

$87,008 (Phase II)

$155,947 (Phase II extension)
PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Reach out to 1,000 children affected by

AIDS and 1,500 persons living with HIV/AIDS

 Sensitize stakeholders through meetings

 Initiate succession planning for children

 Extend legal support for parents living with

HIV to write wills and protect property 

 Adapt behavior change communication

strategies and frameworks

 Provide age-appropriate vocational skills

training to children older than 14 years

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS 

 “Nurtured Hope,” a training module for

caregivers, on the care of children infected

and affected by, and vulnerable, to AIDS

(English and Tamil)

 “In vivo,” a training manual (in draft form)

for doctors on care of children infected

and affected by AIDS

 Resource directory on services for orphans

and vulnerable children in Chennai city

 “Our Daily Activities at CHES Shelter,” a 20-

minute video on compact disc

 Annual report of CHES for 2002-2003

 Case studies of children supported by the

project

 30-minute documentary (draft form) on

foster care 

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise for other

orphans and vulnerable children projects in

the following areas:

 Training NGOs on successful running of projects for orphans and vulnerable children 

 Capacity building of NGO staff on pediatric HIV care

 Training for caregivers on care of orphans

and vulnerable children 

 Training for medical practitioners on the

care of orphans and vulnerable children 

CONTACT INFORMATION

CHES: 

Dr. P. Manorama, Project Director

198, Rangarajapuram Main Road,

Kodambakkam, Chennai - 600 024

Tamilnadu, South India, India

Tel: (044) 2472-6655/5213-3249

Fax: (044) 2473-1283

(ches_cheschennai@yahoo.co.in)

FHI/IMPACT/India:

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Brita George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kcrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India:

Robert Clay (rclaybmoscov@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

Asia and the Near East

India 205
PURPOSE

The goal of the project is to mitigate physical,

psychological, and social stress among identified children infected and affected by HIV in

selected households of Chittoor district in

Andhra Pradesh. The project aims to provide

home-based care to 500 children infected

and affected by HIV and their parents. 

Project strategies include: 

 Capacity building of organization and staff

 Capacity building of the forum of persons

living with HIV/AIDS, families, and caregivers

 Engaging communities in improving access

to services for children affected by AIDS

 Promoting behavior change communication to increase knowledge of HIV/AIDS 

 Promoting the rights of infected and affected children and mobilizing the community

to help in this effort

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 601 children, including 177 children of persons living with HIV/AIDS with both parents

alive, 349 children of persons living with

HIV/AIDS with one parent alive, and 75

children with neither parent alive, received

care and support services.

 353 children received a clinical checkup. 

 A small savings and thrift activity was

strengthened.

 67 children were admitted to local schools.

 206 children have been receiving nutrition

supplements since June 2003. 

 94 children have been receiving

nonformal education and remedial

education support.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Provide home-based care training for staff

 Train families and caregivers on aspects of

home-based care

 Develop a community-based approach

to care

 Impart life skills education to children

affected by AIDS

 Network with NGOs

 Provide psychosocial support to children

affected by AIDS

206

Asia and the Near East

India

COUNTRY:

India

PROJECT:

WIN CHILD

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International

(FHI)/IMPACT

Grantee: Women’s Initiatives (WINS)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

April 2003-October 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$91,708
PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Behavior change communication materials

and experience with street plays for creating awareness within the community

 Primary school education tools 

 Advocacy documents and reports of success stories in fighting stigma and discrimination against children affected by AIDS

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

training on integrating prevention interventions

and home-based care and training in ethics

and rights relating to children and adults

infected and affected by HIV/AIDS.

CONTACT INFORMATION

WINS:

R. Meera (rmeera102@yahoo.com) 

Tel: 91-877-2230607

6-8-1017 NGO’s Colony

K.T. Road

Tirupati 517 507

Andhra Pradesh

(rmeera102@yahoo.com) 

FHI/India: 

Kathleen Kay (kkay@fhiindia.org)

Bitra George (bitra@fhiindia.org)

Tel: 91-11-26873950

FHI/Virginia:

Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779 

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

USAID/India: 

Robert Clay (rclay@usaid.gov)

Meri Sinnitt (msinnitt@usaid.gov)

Asia and the Near East

India 207

Europe and Eurasia

Photo Disclaimer:

© 1988 David Alexander, Courtesy of Photoshare

This photo is intended for illustrative purposes only and does not represent a child affected by AIDS.

© 2004 Rouslan Kadiev, Courtesy of Photoshare
PURPOSE

The second phase of the Assistance to Russian

Orphans (ARO-2) builds on the work and

achievements of ARO-1, which operated in

Russia from 1999 to 2002 and was the first

large program to involve NGOs in preventing

child abandonment. The priority regions for

ARO-2 will be Magadan and Tomsk oblasts,

and Khabarovsk krai. The program is also

active in other selected regions of the Russian

Federation.

ARO-2 seeks to achieve the following

objectives:

 Irreversible positive changes in the sphere

of child abandonment prevention

 Creation of sustainable mechanisms to

overcome the negative situation

 Increased understanding among the general public that the problem of child abandonment can be overcome only with the

help of society as a whole

The ARO-2 program strategy is focused on

increasing the number of innovative projects

at the local, regional, and federal levels

based on sustainable partnerships between

NGOs and governmental organizations.

The ARO-2 implementation strategy includes:

 Regional seminars to develop new

initiatives and innovative projects and

bring together key stakeholders such as

governmental organizations, NGOs,

policymakers, mass media, and business

and other professionals to involve them in

finding solutions for problems linked to

child abandonment

 Grant support and technical assistance for

innovative regional projects, dissemination

of information on effective practices, and

increased mass media attention to child

abandonment problems and successful

solutions

 Training for specialists

 Public education campaigns to raise public

awareness and change public attitudes

regarding child abandonment problems

and their solutions

210 Europe and Eurasia

Russia

COUNTRY: 

Russia

PROJECT:

Assistance to Russian Orphans (ARO)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: International Research & Exchanges

Board (IREX, a U.S. nonprofit organization) 

Grantee: National Society for the Prevention

of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC, a Russian

NGO)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

October 2002-October 2006

USAID AMOUNT:

$9,610,000 ($1,600,000 supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 1,403 children remained in families as a

result of family preservation and reunification interventions, and more than 10,000 of

the most vulnerable children and 7,000

families, including short- and long-term foster families, guardianship families, adopting

families, and respite families, received

comprehensive psychological and social

assistance services.

 144 projects were implemented by 84

NGOs and their partners in the government

sector in 26 regions of Russia, including

Vladimirskaya, Novgorodskaya, Tomskaya,

Permskaya, Nizhegorodskaya,

Tyumenskaya, Rostovskaya, Irkutskaya,

Volgogradskaya, Pskovskaya,

Novosibirskaya, and Magadanskaya

oblasts, Khabarovskiy, Altayskiy,

Krasnodarskiy, and Primorskiy krais, and the

republics of Kareliya and Buryatiya. The

amount provided in grants to NGOs totaled

$2,637,926.

 143 innovative child welfare models were

developed and implemented Russia-wide.

These included services to families in crisis

and foster families (e.g., regional foster

care model in Primorskiy krai); support programs for children with special needs (e.g.,

regional system of early intervention in

Novgorod oblast); services for deaf children, children with autism, and children

with other disabilities; and social hostels for

older orphans and children at risk.

 104 foster families were created.

 90 children aged 14 to 16, including children with severe intellectual deficiencies,

were placed into respite families.

 233 adopting, guardianship, and foster

families received comprehensive support

services, including family preservation and

secondary abandonment prevention

services.

 472 children in institutional care

(orphanages and similar institutions) were

provided with mentoring and social adaptation services through joint activities with

“family” children.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Develop public initiatives and innovative

projects to assist children and families at risk

 Disseminate innovative child welfare

practices

 Develop policy dialogue on child

welfare reform

 Increase public awareness efforts regarding

the socio-psychological roots and causes

of child abandonment, existing types of

assistance to children and families at risk,

and the importance of public initiatives

and citizen involvement to solve these

problems

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Training competent social work staff

 Networking with local and governmental

authorities

 Abandonment prevention and counseling

within high-risk families

Europe and Eurasia

Russia 211
212 Europe and Eurasia

CONTACT INFORMATION

International Research & Exchanges Board:

(irex@irex.org)

Tel: 202-628-8188

USAID/Russia:

Elena Gurvich (egurvich@usaid.gov)

USAID/Washington:

Victor Barbiero (vbarbiero@usaid.gov)

Russia
Latin America

and the Caribbean

© Lutheran World Relief, Courtesy of Photoshare 
PURPOSE

POMMAR (Prevention for At-Risk Boys and

Girls) assists children and young people aged

0 to 21 in urban areas of Salvador, Recife, and

Fortaleza in Northeastern Brazil and in the

Brasilia, the nation’s capital. The Project’s trafficking-in-persons component further targets

an additional seven municipalities

(Pacaraima-RR; Manaus-AM; Rio Branco-AC;

Corumbá-MS; São Paulo; Feira de Santa-BA;

Campina Grande-PB).

The program promotes the protection and

holistic development of at-risk children and

youth to become healthy and productive citizens by:

 Increasing the educational and vocational

preparation of children and youth

 Engaging society in decreasing violence,

especially sexual, against children and

youth, as well as combating the trafficking

of persons

 Preventing and eradicating the worst forms

of child labor in urban areas

 Strengthening HIV/AIDS prevention

(ages 13 to 21) and community-based

care (ages 0 to 12)

POMMAR provides direct financial and technical support to local organizations (primarily

NGOs) and multisector service networks, funds

practical research, and disseminates replicable approaches. This support seeks to:

 Strengthen educational services provided

by NGOs that enhance and complement

formal educational, with a special emphasis on arts education and cultural expression, as well as market-oriented vocational

training for older youth

 Promote democratic participation of youth

in civic activities, enabling them to exercise

their rights, develop civic skills, and take

control of their lives by learning to define

coherent objectives and life goals

 Provide counseling, legal, and protective

services for child and adolescent victims of

sexual violence (abuse and commercial

sexual exploitation/child prostitution) and

trafficking for the purpose of sexual

exploitation

 Promote advocacy, coalition building, and

public awareness campaigns that target

social values and behaviors related to violence, abuse, and commercial sexual

exploitation of children and adolescents

214 Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil

COUNTRY:

Brazil

PROJECT:

POMMAR At-Risk Youth Project

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION: 

Partners of the Americas

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

September 1994-September 2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$11,473,627 over a 10-year period (a portion

supports children and families affected by

HIV/AIDS)
Implement services and monitor public policies to prevent and eradicate child labor

practices in urban areas

Provide health information and services to

youth aged 13 to 21 with emphasis on the prevention of HIV/AIDS as well as teenage pregnancy prevention

Provide community-based care and assistance to children aged 0 to 12 living with

HIV/AIDS and/or directly affected by the

HIV/AIDS pandemic

Objectives in community-based care include:

 Supporting entities that assist children living

with HIV/AIDS to provide services consistent

with current legislation and standards for

public health and child rights

 Improving the quality of services in community care facilities

 Promoting debate and exchange of successful practices among service providers

and public policymakers locally and with

other regions of the country

 Strengthening indicators for monitoring and

evaluation

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 POMMAR-supported projects directly

reached 15,516 children and youth.

 POMMAR-supported projects indirectly

reached 17,760 familiy members. 

 Approximately 670 organizations were

engaged in networks reaching 3,946 children and youth.

 36 NGOs received funding in 2003 to implement a total of 43 service projects. 

 Of the 15,516 children and youth served

by the 33 POMMAR projects, 12,646 (82%)

benefited from formative educational

activities.

 Children/youth served by the program had

a 95% school enrollment rate; the percentage passing rate is pending the termination

of the academic year. 

 66% of total beneficiaries in five institutions

supported providing education and

employment skills (111 of 167 youth enrolled

in vocational training) successfully concluded their courses and received certificates.

 1,147 people (839 adults and 308 youth)

took part in capacity building to combat

sexual violence against children and youth.

 In seven HIV/AIDS care projects, 661

children living with HIV/AIDS were reached

in day programs, shelters, and hospitalbased care programs. Services included

counseling and nutritional support.

Complete HIV/AIDS care data for 2003

will be presented in the comprehensive

data collection report.

 314 families of assisted children living with

HIV/AIDS received care and orientation,

including orientation in prevention. 

 Training of 964 health professionals and volunteers improved services to children living

with HIV/AIDS and made them more people-oriented and humane.

 Support groups were created to provide

mutual help for families living with HIV/AIDS.

Aided by trained professionals, parents or

responsible adults are exchanging information about caring for children afflicted with

HIV/AIDS and their experiences.

Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil 215
 Three adapted recreation facilities were

developed for children living with HIV/AIDS

in the cities of Fortaleza (two facilities) and

Salvador (one). 

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Manual/video on the STI/HIV/AIDS prevention project for teens and street children

(Fortaleza, Ceará State)

 Two publications on sexual abuse and

exploitation (Facing Exploitation, 1998) and

arts education (Every Color Needs Light,

2001)

 Book/CD on the “Song in Every Corner”

(Canto em Cada Canto) choir project for

at-risk children, enhancing self-esteem and

education through choirs and music education (Fortaleza, Ceará State)

 Teaching and management manual/institutional video on the “Arts Workshop”

(Tapera das Artes) music and theater project for at-risk children, enhancing selfesteem and education through music education and theater (Fortaleza, Ceará State)

 “Vida que te Quero Viva!”, which addresses projects supported through POMMAR in

Fortaleza, Recife, and Salvador and the

experience of home-based care for children living with HIV/AIDS

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise for other

orphans and vulnerable children projects in

the following areas:

 HIV/AIDS prevention and communitybased care

 Education

 Arts education

 Vocational training

 Sexual abuse and exploitation

 Child labor eradication

 Trafficking in persons 

 Citizen participation for youth

CONTACT INFORMATION

POMMAR/USAID-Partners of the Americas: 

Graça Gadelha, Project Director (Brasilia, DF)

(pommardf@terra.com.br) 

Tel/Fax: 55-61-328-7622

Web site: www.partners.net/English/

programs/descriptions/pom_eng.htm 

USAID/Brazil: 

Nena Lentini, Program Officer (Brasilia, DF)

(nlentini@usaid.gov)

Web site:

http://www.embaixadaamericana.org.br/

usaid.htm

USAID/Washington: 

Lloyd Feinberg, DCOF (lfeinberg@usaid.gov)

216

Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil
PURPOSE

CONECTA’s purpose is to strengthen HIV/AIDS

programming, reproductive health, safe motherhood, and child survival services within the

framework of the Dominican Republic’s new

social security system. CONECTA works

through existing private and public facilities to

encourage a continuum of care among public, private, and community health and psychosocial support services. In its first year of

operation a key emphasis of CONECTA has

been the establishment, strengthening, and

networking of services that will improve living

conditions and stability for children and their

families who are affected by HIV/AIDS. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Conducted community assessments in

intervention areas that identified CBOs,

churches, neighborhood organizations,

schools, health centers, and NGOs interested in supporting activities for orphans and

vulnerable children and their families

 Established microloan and income-generation activities for persons living with

HIV/AIDS and their families

 Developed advocacy kits and a campaign

addressing stigma and discrimination faced

by persons living with HIV/AIDS and their

families

 Designed and implemented training workshops for orphans and vulnerable children

and their caregivers

 Established agreements with selected

health centers to provide medical services

to orphans and vulnerable children

 Established home visiting and recreational

programs for orphans and vulnerable

children

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Increase coordination and collaboration

with local medical services

 Increase access to HIV testing, treatment,

and prophylaxis for opportunistic infections

for children

 Expand income-generating activities

217 Latin America and the Caribbean

Dominican Republic

COUNTRY:

Dominican Republic

PROJECT:

CONECTA

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Family Health International

Grantees: Abt Associates, Inc.; ALEPH;

Esperanza Internacional; PROINFANCIA; IDEV;

Centro de Promoción y Solidaridad Humana

(CEPROSH); Fundacion Génesis

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

October 2002-September 2007

USAID AMOUNT: 

$34,940,288 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS) 
 Develop a replicable model of a high-quality, accessible home-based care support

system for orphans and vulnerable children

 Provide emotional and social support to

orphans and vulnerable children and their

families

 Provide legal assistance to families in order

to provide birth certificates for undeclared

children and other legal support

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

(All materials are in Spanish and available

through the CONECTA office in Santo

Domingo.) 

 Community orphans and vulnerable children assessment tool

 Media kit on stigma and discrimination

faced by orphans and vulnerable children

 Orphans and vulnerable children and their

caretakers workshop manual 

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise for other

orphans and vulnerable children projects in

the following areas:

 Community mobilization

 Linking care and prevention

 Home-based care

 Child survival

 Establishment of support networks of people living with HIV/AIDS

 Advocacy

CONTACT INFORMATION

Project:

CONECTA

FHI/Dominican Republic

Dr. Martha Butler de Lister

(mbutlerdelister@fhidr.org)

Maria del Carmen Wiese (mcwiese@fhidr.org)

Tel: 809-227-4100

Headquarters: 

Family Health International/Virginia

Gretchen Bachman (Gbachman@fhi.org)

Tel: 703-516-9779

Website: www.fhi.org

USAID/Dominican Republic:

Dr. David Losk (dlosk@usaid.gov)

Maria Castillo (mcastillo@usaid.gov)

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kcrawford@usaid.gov)

218

Latin America and the Caribbean

Dominican Republic
PURPOSE

The project is intended to carry out a situation

analysis leading to a multisector strategy that

is designed to assist children affected by

HIV/AIDS, including HIV-positive children. The

project protocol progresses through three

phases:

 Phase 1: Situation Analysis/Quantification

 Phase 2: Community Mobilization 

 Phase 3: Direct Services Benefiting

Vulnerable Children and Families Living with

HIV/AIDS

Based on situation analysis results, community

mobilization workshops are conducted nationwide with the involvement of the private, public, and social sectors. Three innovative pilot

activities are under way using community and

social mobilization models:

 Family and community groups unite and

identify the needs and provide care and

support for vulnerable children.

 Pilot activities are testing techniques of

family case management, microcredit,

and micro-enterprise.

 Communities support activities for vulnerable children that involve networks of people living with AIDS, parochial systems, public and private pediatric clinics, NGOs,

FBOs, and special needs education

programs. 

Relationships with the private sector through

the “Dominican Private Sector in Solidarity with

Vulnerable Children” initiative allow Promundo

to leverage additional resources for children. 

The Global Orphan Project/Promundo collaborates with key government agencies, NGOs,

foundations, private sector, and donors. A

comprehensive analysis of current Dominican

Republic public policies and laws affecting

vulnerable children is ongoing. This analysis

pertains to the protection of orphans, adoptions, social security for disabled adults, inheritance, and support to extended families providing assistance to vulnerable children.

Special programs are identified that have the

potential for improving the health, education,

protection, and overall quality of life of children affected by HIV/AIDS.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Through pilot activities, over 1,000 vulnerable children were identified and directly

benefited during 2004. Over 2,100 direct

services (medical, psychological, educational, legal, food, clothing, etc.) were

delivered to vulnerable children during this

project. At the present level, 10 to 20 additional vulnerable children are identified

and helped each week with direct services. An additional 1,000 families affected by

AIDS (including 2,000 children affected by

Latin America and the Caribbean

Dominican Republic 219

COUNTRY:

Dominican Republic

PROJECT: 

The Global Orphan Project/Promundo

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION: 

John Snow International (JSI)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

July 2001-June 2004

USAID AMOUNT: 

$915,000
AIDS) benefit from micro-enterprise and

microcredit programs during 2004. An additional 4,000 mothers and their children

enrolled in the PMTCT program will benefit

from community-support models implemented during 2004. All of the 58,000 children affected by AIDS benefited from stigma reduction campaigns using mass

media and billboards and through school

theater strategies.

 In FY 2004, the Global Orphan

Project/Promundo provided guidance,

technical assistance, and education

regarding vulnerable children issues to

more than 150 national, international,

private sector, and local organizations

operating in the Dominican Republic

across the private, public, university,

and social sectors.

 The “Dominican Republic Snapshot” estimation study and geographic information

systems mapping for all regions and

provinces were completed.

 Policy and legal analyses identifying several

important gaps in legal coverage for children affected by AIDS, especially those

without birth certificates, were completed.

 Seven innovative community awards were

granted for implementation in 2003-2004.

These covered nine geographic locations

across the country in both rural and urban

locations. All community grants identified

vulnerable children, conducted home visits,

and provided direct services as necessary.

Groups working with Promundo form a

“Circle of Solidarity Network” helping vulnerable children.

 Project collaboration with the private sector, government agencies, NGOs, the

Coalition Against AIDS, FBOs, and legal

authorities was established for social mobilization. Contributions from the private sector for orphans and vulnerable children

totaled over $71,500 during 2003-2004. 

 Five community mobilization and dissemination workshops were completed in collaboration with the Presidential Commission

on AIDS.

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Global Orphan Project/Promundo “ThreeStage Risk of Displacement Model”

 Global Orphan Project/Promundo

“Community Mobilization Model for Child

and Youth Programs”

 Pilot activities and community grants

award model

 Orphanage, child service, and pediatric

center site interview protocol

 “Logistics 2010” software and training

program for PMTCT community logistics

support

CONTACT INFORMATION

Instituto Promundo-JSI Dominican Republic: 

Glenn K. Wasek, President

(gwasek@verizon.net.do)

Tel: 809-227-3434; Fax: 809-227-9393 

USAID/Santo Domingo: 

Dr. David Losk, Health, Population Office Team

Leader (dlosk@usaid.gov) 

Maria Castillo, HIV/AIDS Specialist

(mcastillo@usaid.gov) 

220

Latin America and the Caribbean

Dominican Republic
PURPOSE

Maison Arc-en-Ciel offers comprehensive support and care to children who are infected or

affected by HIV/AIDS and their families in the

Port-au-Prince metropolitan area. The centrally

located community center offers a comprehensive package of psychosocial support,

medical services, and training. At the center,

mothers and other family caretakers learn

how to provide home-based care to children

and other family members living with HIV/AIDS.

Part-time health professionals are available to

attend to cases. Psychosocial services provided at the center include individual and family

counseling, recreation, and succession planning. The center also facilitates access to

schooling, food, and microfinance services. 

Families are linked to Maison Arc-en-Ciel’s

community center through referrals from HIV

VCT and PMTCT centers as well as through

faith- and community-based programs. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Established a community center in

Port-au-Prince

 Developed a community mobilization

manual and educational materials

 Created and reinforced family

support groups

 Hosted community-based meetings with

local delegates who serve as neighborhood health promoters

 Conducted sensitization workshops

throughout the community

 Served through the community center

approximately 300 children from lowincome families living with or affected by

HIV/AIDS 

 Expanded community sensitization program

through videos, pamphlets, posters, and

peer educators to promote hope for children living with HIV/AIDS 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Develop home-based care

training curriculum

221 Latin America and the Caribbean

Haiti

COUNTRY:

Haiti

PROJECT: 

Care and Support Activities for Orphans and

Other Vulnerable Children and Persons Living

With HIV/AIDS

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Family Health International/IMPACT

Grantee: Maison Arc-en-Ciel

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

April 2002-March 2005

USAID AMOUNT: 

$120,149
 Recruit and train home-based care

volunteers 

 Expand community training center facilities 

 Pilot microloan program with technical

assistance from local microfinance

organization 

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS 

The following materials are available by contacting Maison Arc-en-Ciel:

 Community mobilization manual and materials (French and Haitian Creole)

 Video, posters, pamphlets on children living

with HIV/AIDS (Haitian Creole) 

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Developing training materials

 Developing educational materials

 Undertaking community mobilization

CONTACT INFORMATION

Family Health International/Haiti: 

Dr. Jean-Robert Brutus, Country Director

(jean-robertbrutus@yahoo.com)

Maison Arc-en-Ciel:

Ms. Danielle Pénette, General Director 

Laboule 12, Port-au-Prince, Haïti

Tel: 509-246-5596/513-7596

Family Health International/Virginia: 

Ms. Gretchen Bachman (gbachman@fhi.org) 

Tel: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov) 

USAID/Haiti: 

Chris Barratt (cbarratt@usaid.gov)

222

Latin America and the Caribbean

Haiti
Global

© 2004 Steve Taravella, Courtesy of Photoshare

PURPOSE

The Project assists the Office of Health,

Infectious Disease and Nutrition of USAID’s

Bureau for Global Health (BGH) by strengthening the ability of grantees to achieve sustainable service delivery in child survival and

health programs. Working with PVOs and their

local partners at the community, country, and

regional levels, the Project helps PVOs identify

and access timely and relevant resources to

build technical and organizational capacity;

facilitate networking; strengthen competence

in project management and monitoring and

evaluation; disseminate state-of-the-art materials on child survival interventions; and assess

the use of program data.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Developed and pilot-tested the KPC 2000+,

a data collection tool developed to

address orphan enumeration, orphan care

and support, and community attitudes

regarding children affected by AIDS and

people living with HIV/AIDS

 Produced reference materials for child survival grantees that include information on

mother-to-child HIV transmission, assistance

to children affected by AIDS, and homeand community-based care

 Conducted annual reviews of applications

for BGH-funded child survival and health

grants, including applications for programs

that affect orphans and vulnerable

children

In January 2003, CSTS launched the HIV/AIDS

Virtual Resource Center (VRC) for PVOs and

NGOs. The VRC was developed by CSTS in

collaboration with the CORE HIV/AIDS Working

Group and is available at the Web site

http://www.childsurvival.com/vrc. The VRC

provides PVOs and NGOs with quick access to

such resources as: 

 Links to technical guidelines and other

state-of-the-art materials and tools

 Information on international HIV/AIDS

indicators

 Actual HIV/AIDS data

 Information on upcoming conferences,

meetings, and workshops

 Funding information

 Information on agencies that can provide

HIV/AIDS technical assistance

 UNAIDS best practices

225

Global

PROJECT:

Child Survival Technical Support Project Plus

(CSTS)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

Macro International, Inc.

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

October 1998-September 2003 (extension

pending)

USAID AMOUNT:

$8,004,285 (increase pending; a portion supports activities related to children and families affected by HIV/AIDS)
PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Update the technical reference material

described in the project profile

 Train PVOs in the use of the KPC 2000+

 Produce a state-of-the-art paper titled

Challenges for Private Voluntary

Organizations in Addressing the Needs of

Children Affected by HIV/AIDS

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 KPC 2000+, a comprehensive child survival

knowledge, practice, and coverage survey

tool

(http://www.childsurvival.com/kpc2000/kp

c2000.cfm) 

 Technical reference material

(http://www.coregroup.org/resources/reference.cfm)

 HIV/AIDS Virtual Resource Center for PVOs

and NGOs available at http://www.childsurvival.com/vrc

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Use of the KPC 2000+ data collection tool

 Development and use of technical reference materials

 Reviewing applications for funding

CONTACT INFORMATION

Macro International:

Michel Pacque, Senior Child Survival Specialist

(michel.c.pacque@orcmacro.com)

Tel: 301-572-0457

Leo Ryan, Project Director

(leo.j.ryan@macroint.com)

Tel: 301-572-0219

USAID/Washington:

Susan Youll (Syoull@usaid.gov)

Tel: 202-712-1444

226 Global

PURPOSE 

The mission of the CORE Initiative is to support

an inspired, effective, and inclusive response

to the causes and consequences of HIV/AIDS

by strengthening the capacity of CBOs and

FBOs worldwide. The main approach is to

leverage existing efforts while catalyzing and

encouraging new efforts through diverse and

innovative partnerships in the areas of

community-based prevention, stigma

reduction, and care and support to people

living with HIV/AIDS and their families,

PROJECT: 

Communities Responding to the HIV/AIDS

Epidemic (CORE) Initiative

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: CARE International

Grantees: World Council of Churches;

International Center for Research on Women;

International HIV/AIDS Alliance; Johns

Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Center for Communication Programs; Ponleur

Komar, Cambodia; local African and

Southeast Asian CBOs and FBOs through the

Small Grants Program

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

January 2003-January 2008

USAID AMOUNT:

$20,000,000 (a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
particularly care and support for orphans

and vulnerable children. 

The Small Grants Program provides resources

and organizational and technical capacitybuilding support to CBOs and FBOs in subSaharan Africa and Southeast Asia. Local

organizations that demonstrate the ability to

apply good practices and to implement activities that have been shown to achieve results

in the fight against HIV/AIDS are funded and

supported. Many of these activities focus on

children and families affected by HIV/AIDS. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

To date, the CORE Initiative has completed

the following:

 The Small Grants Program is in various

stages in 10 countries, six in Africa and four

in Asia. The grantees through the Program

receive a maximum $5,000 in support and

are assisted with project management,

implementation, capacity-building support,

and technical assistance. 

 In Uganda and Rwanda, funds have been

received under track 1.5 of the President’s

Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief to focus on

implementation and scale-up of orphans

and vulnerable children programming. In

Uganda, funds will also focus on capacitybuilding for the national response to

orphans and vulnerable children. 

 In Cambodia, CORE Initiative partner

Ponleur Komar reaches more than 3,500

children in 29 villages in Bakan district with

care, support, prevention, and mitigation

services by building the capacity and commitment of the local community to provide

locally appropriate care to children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

In Uganda, the CORE Initiative will support the

capacity-building component of the national

strategy for orphans and vulnerable children

in partnership with the Ministry of Gender,

Labor, and Social Development. A partnership

with the Hope for African Children Initiative

(HACI) will promote the scale-up of successful

practices and interventions that involve

orphans and vulnerable children and their

communities. Implementation, including

grants to local community-based implementing partners, began in July 2004. Also in

Uganda, the implementing partner Lott Carey

International will work through FBOs to expand

and replicate income-generating programs to

support children and families affected by

HIV/AIDS. 

Through a partnership with CARE/Rwanda, the

Initiative is scaling up programs that focus on

child-headed households, children, and families affected by HIV/AIDS to reduce community stigma and discrimination and increase the

care, treatment, and support available for

orphans, vulnerable children, women, and

people living with AIDS. 

In the coming year, five small-grants projects

in Mozambique and seven in Lesotho, to

name a few, will focus on stigma reduction,

psychosocial support, and livelihood security

for children and families affected by HIV/AIDS. 

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The Initiative provides expertise to other projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas: 

 Capacity building for local

implementing partners

 Faith-based initiatives

 Community mobilization

Global 227
PURPOSE 

Pact’s Community REACH Leader Award is a

five-year program designed to facilitate the

efficient flow of grant funds to organizations

playing a role in the fight against HIV/AIDS,

including PVOs, regional and local NGOs, universities, and FBOs. The program’s activities will

contribute to USAID’s goal of “increased use

of improved, effective, and sustainable

responses to reduce HIV transmission and to

mitigate the impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic.” In addition, under the Associate Award

mechanism, USAID missions and bureaus may

make additional funding available to

Community REACH to develop NGO grantmaking programs during the next 10 years. 

Community REACH grant awards start at

$100,000 for periods of up to three years in (1)

primary prevention and education, (2) voluntary counseling and testing, and (3) care and

support for those living with and affected by

HIV/AIDS. The project focuses on grants supporting activities that have a direct impact on

specific areas, such as:

 Expanding behavior change interventions

to prevent and mitigate the impact of

HIV/AIDS 

 Preventing and managing sexually transmitted infections

 Participatory monitoring and evaluation

 Behavior change communication and networking and exchange to support community level programming

CONTACT INFORMATION

Communities Responding to the HIV/AIDS

Epidemic (CORE) Initiative

888 17th Street, NW Suite 310 

Washington, DC 20008

(202) 861-2673

Fax: (202) 861-0398

info@coreinitiative.org

Kristin Kalla, Director

kkalla@coreinitiative.org

Patricia Mechael, Project Manager

pmechael@coreinitiative.org

CORE Initiative Web site:

www.coreinitiative.org

USAID/Washington:

Kate Crawford (kcrawford@usaid.gov)

Jason Heffner (jheffner@afr-sd.org)

228 Global 

PROJECT:

Community REACH (Rapid and Effective

Action Combating HIV/AIDS)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Pact

Grantees: Futures Group and other nongovernmental organizations

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

Primary: September 2001-September 2006

Grantees: September 2001-September 2011

USAID AMOUNT: 

$40,000,000 (ceiling for five-year leader cooperative agreement; a portion supports activities for orphans and vulnerable children)

$80,000,000 (ceiling for associate cooperative

agreements)

$360,000 (FY2002, USAID/Washington)

$800,000 (FY2003, USAID/Washington)

$400,000 (FY2004, USAID/Washington)
 Preventing and managing tuberculosis and

other opportunistic diseases related to

HIV/AIDS

 Reducing mother-to-child transmission of

HIV/AIDS

 Increasing the capacity of public and private sector organizations, particularly at

the home and community levels, to support

persons living with HIV/AIDS and their caregivers, families, and survivors

 Caring for children infected or affected by

HIV/AIDS

 Increasing the quality, availability, and use

of evaluation and surveillance information

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Grant awards for orphans and vulnerable

children-focused activities: Four grants

were awarded in June 2002 to support

orphans and other vulnerable children

activities. In addition, Community REACH’s

monitoring and evaluation team has

designed a research protocol for orphans

and vulnerable children research at two

sites. Descriptions of the four projects supported by these grants – Hiwot HIV/AIDS

Prevention Care and Support Organization

(Ethiopia), International Community for the

Relief of Starvation and Suffering (Kenya),

CARE (Rwanda), and Project Concern

International (PCI) (Zambia) – are presented in the Africa section of this document.

 Orphans and vulnerable children research:

Community REACH is undertaking research

to determine the effectiveness of selected

interventions targeting orphans and vulnerable children aged 6 to 19. This research is

being carried out in collaboration with two

of its grantees, CARE/Rwanda and

PCI/Zambia, over a two-year period from

June 2003 to May 2005. A secondary project objective is to build the capacity of

CARE/Rwanda and PCI/Zambia in the

areas of monitoring, evaluation, and

research.

 Development of orphans and vulnerable

children costing guidelines: The Community

REACH project supports FHI/IMPACT in the

development of costing guidelines by providing feedback on the development of

guidelines and cost-capturing tools for

orphans and vulnerable children interventions. Community REACH staff pilot-tested

the guidelines in February 2004 in Zambia

with Community REACH grantee PCI. A

final version of the guidelines should be

available in July 2004.

 Improving support for orphans and vulnerable children through focused study and

research: In May 2004, Community REACH

awarded four grants to NGOs in India,

South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda.

Funded activities will focus on improving

support to orphans and vulnerable children

through focused study and research that

may include orphan migration, older caregivers, care and support services, and foster care for orphans. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Award NGO research grants, provide technical assistance, and provide monitoring

and evaluation support

Global 229
PURPOSE

Through this work, the International HIV/AIDS

Alliance aims to provide high-quality technical

support to partners and other organizations

supporting orphans and vulnerable children

living in a world with HIV/AIDS. To this end,

Alliance staff work with a broad range of partners, sharing lessons within and across regions

about care and support for children affected

by the epidemic. 

The Alliance’s work aims to:

 Provide technical support in response to

country and regional program priorities

through research and by identifying technical support methods, tools, and techniques

 Contribute to identifying and strengthening

other technical support resource providers

for Alliance and field partners, including

individuals, organizations, and networks

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS 

 Related Web sites:

www.pactworld.org/reach

 Survival is the First Freedom: Applying

Democracy and Governance Approaches

to HIV/AIDS Work. Toolkit and facilitator’s

guide (AIDS Corps, Pact’s HIV/AIDS

Initiative)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise to projects

for other orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

 Grants management

 Institutional capacity building 

 Development of and training on multisector

initiatives

 Technical assistance in monitoring and

evaluation and program effectiveness

research

CONTACT INFORMATION

Pact Community REACH:

Polly Mott, Program Director

(reachgrants@pacthq.org)

Tel: 202-466-5666

1200 18th Street, NW Suite 350

Washington, DC 20036

USAID/Washington: 

Ron MacInnis (rmacinnis@usaid.gov)

230 Global 

PROJECT: 

Global Technical Support to Mobilize,

Enhance, and Scale Up Comprehensive

Community Responses for Orphans and

Vulnerable Children Affected by HIV/AIDS

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: International HIV/AIDS Alliance

Grantees: Alliance partners and other

organizations

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

October 2001-June 2004

USAID AMOUNT: 

FY 2002: $340,000

FY 2003: $250,000

FY 2004: $295,000 
 Identify and share relevant information and

resources

 Research and develop appropriate interregional technical support products

 Influence developments in global HIV/AIDS

policy that support child-centered HIV/AIDS

programming to complement USAID-supported (but not USAID-funded) activities

 Assist in raising funds for specific technical

support projects and activities

 Raise awareness of the role played by

older people in care and support of

orphans and vulnerable children

A major component of the activity continues

to be the “Building Blocks” project launched

by the Alliance with the support of the USAID

Africa Bureau and the Swedish International

Development Agency in 2001. Building Blocks

has two elements: 

 “Building Blocks” Africa-wide briefing notes:

This set of seven short, practical briefing

notes is intended to increase the effectiveness of communities and local organizations to support orphans and vulnerable

children. They are primarily for use by practitioners at the subnational level in subSaharan Africa and are available in English,

French, and Portuguese. They cover seven

topics, the original six of health and nutrition, education, psychosocial support,

social inclusion, and economic strengthening, plus an overview, and a new briefing

note on older caregivers developed in collaboration with HelpAge International.

 “Building Blocks in Practice”: These are

tools to improve the development of community-based care and support for orphans

and vulnerable children. They are based

on the techniques of “participatory learning in action.” The tools support all seven of

the topics covered in the briefing notes. 

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Developed and field-tested “Building Blocks

in Practice”

 Collaborated with HelpAge International to

hold a regional meeting on supporting

older caregivers of orphans and vulnerable

children, which led to the development of

the new “Building Blocks” briefing note on

older caregivers 

 Published the report Forgotten Families with

HelpAge International. 

 Developed the resource A Parrot on Your

Shoulder: A Guide for People Starting to

Work With Orphans and Vulnerable

Children, one of a series of resources that

the Alliance is developing to encourage

child participation in HIV/AIDS programming 

 With Family Health International, initiated

the development of an orphans and vulnerable children toolkit, an electronic

annotated bibliographic database (Web

site and CD-ROM) of resources on children

and HIV/AIDS modeled after the Alliance’s

successful NGO support toolkit and now in

its final stages

 Produced a Web site article on children’s

participation in HIV/AIDS programming (see

www.aidsalliance.org) 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Launch and continue development of the

orphans and vulnerable children toolkit CDROM and online database

Global 231
 Direct technical support for providing antiretroviral medications to children in

resource-poor settings

 Campaign for child-friendly antiretroviral

formulations

 Develop materials to support younger children (under age 5) in families affected by

HIV/AIDS

 Adapt training on succession planning and

“memory book” approaches for Asian,

Francophone, and possibly Portuguesespeaking users

 Develop another Asian guide on involving

older people in care for orphans and vulnerable children. 

 Develop practical guides for an Asian audience (printed in Thai, Khmer, and Hindi,

with an English edition available in electronic format) on health and nutrition; livelihoods and economic strengthening, education and training, care and psychosocial

support; social inclusion and protection,

plus an overview

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

The following materials are available electronically through the Alliance’s Web site

(www.aidsalliance.org). Alternatively, hard

copies can be ordered by e-mail (publications@aidsalliance.org). Building Blocks materials are available on the Web site

www.aidsalliance.org/ building_blocks.htm.

 Building Blocks Africa-wide briefing notes,

available in English, French, and

Portuguese

 Expanding Community-Based Support for

Orphans and Vulnerable Children 

 Children’s Participation in HIV/AIDS

Programming (article)

 Forgotten Families – Older People As Carers

For Orphans And Vulnerable Children

(International HIV/AIDS Alliance and

HelpAge International)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

training and networking in the following areas: 

 Community mobilization

 Positive involvement of people living

with HIV

 Care and support

 Organizational and institutional development

 Targeted prevention

 Monitoring and evaluation

CONTACT INFORMATION

International HIV/AIDS Alliance: 

Kate Harrison, Program Officer: Children

Tel: +44-1273-718956, Fax: +44-1273-718901

kharrison@aidsalliance.org

www.aidsalliance.org

USAID/Washington: 

Ron MacInnis (rmacInnis@usaid.gov)

Victor Barbiero (vbarbiero@usaid.gov)

232 Global 
PURPOSE 

Horizons is a team of U.S.-based and international organizations working to prevent the

spread of HIV/AIDS and to mitigate its impact

on individuals and communities by designing,

implementing, and evaluating innovative service delivery strategies. Horizons implements

field-based applied operations research in

developing countries. The program identifies

effective HIV/AIDS interventions and policies;

tests prevention, care, support, and service

delivery strategies; and disseminates and promotes use of findings. A major goal is to identify and develop successful projects that can

be replicated and scaled up, where relevant.

Horizons also focuses on capacity building by

providing support and training to colleagues

in developing nations. The program helps

local organizations conduct operations

research and develop mechanisms to disseminate and use best practices that emerge from

operations research.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Three operations research studies on children

affected by HIV/AIDS have been completed

to date, and more are underway. Descriptions

of the three completed studies follow:

 Uganda: Study on the impact of succession

planning and orphan support on orphans

and vulnerable children. This quasi-experimental study compared the effects of two

different intervention approaches, succession planning and orphan support, on

orphans and vulnerable children and on

family members to a comparison group not

exposed to either program. Data were collected annually over a two-year period, at

baseline and on two rounds after the interventions were underway. This study yielded

findings on the strengths and limitations of

both approaches. Horizons collaborated

on this study with Plan/Uganda and

Makerere University.

 Zambia: Study on mobilizing young people

for the care and support of people living

with HIV and AIDS. This quasi-experimental

study compared outcomes of two different

youth HIV/AIDS training programs, one of

which included a care and support component. Recognition of the additional

needs of orphans and vulnerable children

led to the expansion of the training to identify and provide support for orphans and

vulnerable children, including liaison with

schools and health facilities and organizing

recreational activities. The trained youth

caregivers included males and females

aged 13 to 25, many of whom were themselves orphans. Despite initial concerns

about gender roles, similar numbers of

male and female caregivers reported that

they had provided counseling, housework,

clinic referrals, school consultations, and

bathing, and recreational activities. The

Global 233

PROJECT: 

Horizons 

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Population Council

Grantees: International Center for Research

on Women; International HIV/AIDS Alliance;

PATH; Tulane University; Family Health

International (FHI); Johns Hopkins University

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

August 1997 -July 2007

USAID AMOUNT: 

$65,000,000 (ceiling for five-year cooperative

agreement; a portion supports children and

families affected by HIV/AIDS)
study demonstrated that young people

can be a valuable resource in the care of

orphans and other vulnerable children

affected by HIV/AIDS. The study was conducted in collaboration with Care

International and Family Health Trust. 

 South Africa: Study of challenges

faced by households in caring for orphans

and vulnerable children. Horizons provided

technical assistance in research methods

and monitoring and evaluation to the

Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund to address

the socioeconomic needs of orphans and

vulnerable children in eight rural study sites

in South Africa. A household survey was

conducted among 29,000 members of

nearly 5,000 households to identify ways

to strengthen the socioeconomic capacity

of households to care for and support for

orphans and vulnerable children. Survey

responses indicated the widespread

extent of poverty and vulnerability,

especially among households headed

by females, elderly people, and children.

The study identified possible responses

needed from NGOs, CBOs, communities,

and governments.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

Follow through on new and ongoing operations research studies of programmatic relevance to children affected by HIV/AIDS,

including: 

 Rwanda: Operations research to determine

the impact of a home visitation and mentoring program on child-headed households, with a focus on psychosocial effects

on youth. Horizons will be collaborating with

World Vision and the Rwanda School of

Public Health. Status: Baseline data collection underway.

 Zimbabwe: Study of psychosocial issues

affecting adolescent orphans and vulnerable children and the influence of existing

programs and community efforts to

address these effects. Status: Data collection completed, analysis underway.

 Global: Horizons, USAID, FHI, and UNICEF

are developing a practical guidance tool

aimed at navigating the ethical dilemmas

faced by HIV/AIDS researchers and program managers working with children and

adolescents. Status: First draft completed.

 Zambia: Building on an earlier study that

focused on training and mobilizing young

people to provide care and support to

people living with HIV/AIDS and vulnerable

children in their households, Horizons and

partners are implementing a program to

mobilize local resources and promote local

management of the initiative. A particular

focus is to further strengthen local partnerships and expand network linkages in order

to promote community ownership and sustainability. Status: Underway.

 Uganda: Operations research on bringing

HIV/AIDS and agriculture sectors together

in a participatory process to enhance food

security and nutrition in AIDS-affected

households (adults and children). Status:

Baseline data collection underway.

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

Selected research instruments are available

through AIDSQuest, an HIV/AIDS survey library,

on the Horizons Web site: http://www.popcouncil.org/horizons/AIDSquest/index.html.

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects for orphans and vulnerable children in

the following areas:

234 Global 
PURPOSE

FHI/IMPACT provides technical and programmatic assistance to global and regional initiatives, government ministries, PVOs, NGOs, FBOs

,and CBOs to design and implement strategic

responses, mobilize communities, and leverage resources benefiting the well-being of

orphans and other vulnerable children and

their families. This includes the integration of

services for children within comprehensive

HIV/AIDS prevention, care, support, and treatment programs such as home-based care

and prevention of mother-to-child-transmission. FHI/IMPACT provides technical support

that promotes a continuum of prevention and

care for orphans, other vulnerable children,

and families within four linked domains – clinical care (medical and nursing), psychosocial

support, socioeconomic support, and the protection of human rights. FHI/IMPACT works with

partners to see that these four domains are

implemented in a mutually reinforcing manner, thus providing for all needs of children

and families. 

Undertaken in collaboration with other organizations, the following activities strengthen the

linkages between programs for orphans and

other vulnerable children and HIV/AIDS programs and are also used to document and

exchange skills and experiences:

 Technical and coordination support in

close collaboration with key partners,

including UNICEF, to carry out a series of

regional workshops in Africa to build the

capacity of national stakeholders to scale

up their responses through five globally

agreed upon areas – participatory situation

analysis, national coordinating mechanisms, strategic action plans, policy and

legislation, and monitoring and evaluation.

 Technical support to address children within

the continuum of HIV/AIDS prevention,

care, support, and treatment activities, and

assist children living with HIV/AIDS and

other life-threatening illnesses. One such

activity is the development of a palliative

care curriculum for children with HIV and

other life-threatening illnesses in collabora-

 Sample instruments for research

 Feedback on study designs

CONTACT INFORMATION

Horizons:

Andy Fisher, Project Director

(afisher@pcdc.org)

Katie Schenk (kschenk@pcdc.org)

Web site: http://www.popcouncil.org/horizons

USAID/Washington:

Glenn Post (gpost@usaid.gov)

Global 235

PROJECT:

Implementing AIDS Prevention and Care

(IMPACT)

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

Family Health International (FHI)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

2001-2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$1,650,000
tion with the Foundation for Hospices in

sub-Saharan Africa. 

 Development of a database of tools for

those working in orphans and vulnerable

children programming in partnership with

the International HIV/AIDS Alliance. The

database consists of various training manuals and guides covering specific technical

areas related to orphans and vulnerable

children programming and monitoring and

evaluation; activity documents; summary

reports and articles; and examples of

grant-reporting forms. More information is

available at <www.ovcsupport.net>.

 Collaboration with the Regional

Psychosocial Support Initiative (REPSSI) to

strengthen psychosocial support for

orphans and vulnerable children.

 Organizational exchanges to share experiences and strengths. 

 Collaboration with the Community REACH

project to design and field-test costing

methodologies for orphans and vulnerable

children programs.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Working closely with UNICEF, USAID, UNAIDS,

and Save the Children, FHI cosponsored three

regional workshops that encouraged the creation and strengthening of regional and

national strategies in support of orphans and

other vulnerable children throughout Africa.

The three conferences were Strengthening

National Responses: Southern Africa Workshop

on Orphans and Vulnerable Children (Maseru,

Lesotho November 2003); the Eastern Africa

Regional OVC Skills Building Workshop

(Kampala, Uganda April 2004); and the

Western and Central Africa OVC Regional

Skills Building Workshop (Dakar, Senegal

July, 2004). 

FHI staff were key contributors to the following

meetings:

 Partners meeting, Geneva, Switzerland,

October 2003

 USAID technical consultation on orphans

and vulnerable children, November 2003

 The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS

Relief field meeting, Johannesburg, June

2004

 USAID “state of the art” (SOTA) meeting,

June 2004

 National Institute of Mental Health psychosocial support research consultation,

May 2004

 Tanzania strategic forum on economic and

livelihood strengthening of households and

communities to support orphans and vulnerable children and their caregivers

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

The following program tools are in production

and are expected to be available by the end

of 2004:

 Ethical Guidelines for Information Gathering

from Children and Adolescents:

Participatory Situation Analysis Guide

 Orphans and other vulnerable children program-level monitoring and evaluating

guidebook

236 Global
 Costing tools for orphans and vulnerable

children projects

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Orphans and Vulnerable Children –

HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care in ResourceConstrained Settings: A Handbook for the

Design and Management of Programs

 First and Second National Conferences on

Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children,

Namibia, Summary Report (2001 and 2002)

 Food Insecurity, HIV/AIDS and Children

(Zambia, 2002)

 Quantitative and qualitative orphans and

vulnerable children monitoring and evaluation instruments

 Reports on the three regional OVC workshops and conferences

 Review of measuring the costs of community-based orphans and vulnerable children

programs report

 Voluntary Counseling and Testing

Counseling Training Manual

 Voluntary counseling and testing quality

assurance tools

 Evaluating Programs for HIV/AIDS

Prevention and Care in Developing

Countries: A Handbook for Program

Managers and Decision Makers

 Strategic framework for orphans and vulnerable children, preventing mother-tochild transmission, HIV care and support,

tuberculosis, and voluntary counseling and

testing for HIV

 Behavioral Surveillance Surveys: Guidelines

for Repeated Behavioral Surveys in

Populations at Risk of HIV

 Meeting behavioral data collection needs

 Low-prevalence strategy

 State-of-the-art technical summaries for

HIV/AIDS prevention

CONTACT INFORMATION

Family Health International/Virginia: 

Suzi Peel (speel@fhi.org)

Tel: +1 703-516-9779; Fax: +1 703-516-9781

Web site: http://www.fhi.org

USAID/Washington: 

Kate Crawford (kacrawford@usaid.gov)

Global 237
PURPOSE

The Peace Corps has received funds for training its volunteers and host-country counterparts in HIV/AIDS prevention and education at

all Peace Corps posts in Africa and at most of

its other posts worldwide. Peace Corps volunteers attempt to involve communities in establishing long-term means for addressing the

needs of vulnerable youth and to involve

community leaders in identifying measures to

assist at-risk youth and in mobilizing local

resources to support those measures. Peace

Corps volunteers implement programming for

at-risk youth in four basic ways:

 Directly engaging at-risk youth

 Developing skills for youth service providers

and trainers

 Strengthening the capacities of youth service institutions

 Promoting a supportive environment for

marginalized youth within families and

communities

Youth development efforts in Peace Corps

projects reach in-school and out-of-school

youth and cross over to all sectors. Out-ofschool youth include children affected by

HIV/AIDS, street children, and children with disabilities. Peace Corps posts conducting activities for orphans and vulnerable children in FY

2003 included:

 Africa: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the

Gambia, Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho,

Madagascar, Malawi, Namibia, South

Africa, Tanzania, Uganda

 Eastern Europe/Eurasia: Bulgaria, Moldova,

Romania, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan

 Asia and Pacific: Nepal, Samoa, Tonga,

Vanuatu

 Latin America/Caribbean: Eastern

Caribbean, Guyana, Jamaica, Nicaragua,

Paraguay, Suriname

Small-project assistance community grant

activities in FY 2003 supported refurbishments

to orphanages, clinics, classrooms, and equipment for treating orphans and vulnerable children with handicaps, as well as health education events. This past year saw growth in activity centers for job and employment skills training for children affected by HIV/AIDS. Also

included were local training-of-trainers

workshops for youth health educators and

peer counselors. 

238 Global

PROJECT: 

Peace Corps Program-Related Work With HIV

Orphans and Vulnerable Children

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION: 

Peace Corps

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

Ongoing

USAID AMOUNT:

$1,100,000 from Displaced Children and

Orphans Fund (DCOF), FY 1993-2004

$2,900,000 from USAID Bureau for Global

Health, Office of HIV/AIDS (includes $500,000

in FY2003)

$50,000 from USAID/Jamaica for Eastern

Caribbean

$50,000 from USAID/Guyana for Peace

Corps/Guyana

(portions of above funding support children

and families affected by HIV/AIDS) 
KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 54% of posts in Africa and 30% of posts in

the Europe, Mediterranean, Asia, InterAmerica, and Pacific regions have reported working with orphans and other vulnerable children.

 25,276 orphans and other vulnerable children have received support in peer education training, HIV/AIDS prevention education, leadership and empowerment of girls,

community gardening, and vocational

skills. The actual number of orphans and

vulnerable children reached may be higher, because some posts did not provide this

information.

 Small-project assistance community grants

in 26 Peace Corps posts directly benefited

7,190 at-risk youth, orphans, and handicapped youth, and enabled another 3,490

youth to receive capacity-building training,

including peer counseling skills, through 58

separate activities.

 Support was provided to 320 community

organizations and 2,640 service providers

for local community organizations incorporating HIV/AIDS messages, income generation, home-based care options for people

living with HIV/AIDS, and AIDS awareness

campaigns.

 Training was given to 5,700 adults (service

providers, project managers, and community and religious leaders) who directly or

indirectly work with orphans and vulnerable

children. Training included integration of

HIV/AIDS activities into programs, project

design and evaluation training, awareness

and peer education, young women’s leadership training, and HIV/AIDS prevention in

the classroom through teaching English as

a foreign language.

 The use of the Peace Corps Life Skills

Manual increased greatly, with posts

reporting that volunteers find the interactive activities useful and engaging.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Focus on community-level activities that

establish orphan care facilities, promote

foster care, assist linkages to extended

families, and introduce income-generation

possibilities

 Incorporate programming and training

about work with orphans and vulnerable

children into HIV/AIDS workshops and postproject plans as appropriate

 Expand scope and level of HIV/AIDS-related activities through other Peace Corps

project areas, such as agriculture, income

generation, environment, and community

health support mechanisms

 Expand the use of the Life Skills Manual in

non-health sectors, building on recent successes in Malawi, Senegal, and Zambia

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Life Skills Manual (available online in English,

Spanish, French, Swahili, Russian, and

Haitian Creole

 HIV/AIDS: Integrating Prevention Into Your

Sector (idea book) 

 Beyond the Classroom: Empowering Girls

(idea book)

 Working with Youth: Approaches for

Volunteers, a manual for fieldworkers

 HIV/AIDS fact sheets (two- to three-page

documents giving an overview of the most

Global 239
important issues surrounding such HIV/AIDS

topics as basic facts, gender, the Uganda

model, mother-to-child transmission, nutrition, social marketing, stigma and discrimination, and voluntary counseling and

testing)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

orphans and vulnerable children projects in

training sessions for staff, volunteers, and

local host-country national counterparts and

in organizing and facilitating training at the

community, regional, and national levels.

Requests for a training workshop or to participate in planned training events should be

routed through in-country Peace Corps program managers or through Peace Corps

agency partners.

CONTACT INFORMATION

Peace Corps:

Jim Cole (jcole@peacecorps.gov)

Tel: 202-692-2629

Beth Outterson (boutterson@peacecorps.gov)

Tel: 202-692-2666

Web site: http://www.peacecorps.org

USAID/Washington: 

Victor Barbiero (vbarbiero@usaid.gov)

240 Global

PURPOSE

The primary mission of the POLICY Project is to

develop policies and plans that promote and

sustain access to high-quality family planning

and health services. The Project implements

activities in 30 countries throughout USAID’s

Africa, Asia/Near East, Eastern Europe/Eurasia,

and Latin America/Caribbean regions. As part

of its mission, the Project works to increase

high-level support for effective HIV/AIDS policies, programs, and services, including strategic planning and financing of HIV/AIDS services. The project achieves these objectives in

part by acquiring accurate, up-to-date information on the spectrum of HIV/AIDS issues,

which include the effects of HIV/AIDS on

orphans and vulnerable children and their

subsequent needs. The Project gathers and

disseminates data on the projections of the

number of orphans and vulnerable children

and the effect of HIV/AIDS on their nutrition,

health, and school attendance. Such information supports advocacy efforts to reform policies and build public support for programs to

benefit orphans and vulnerable children. The

Project also provides technical assistance to

PROJECT:

POLICY Project

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Futures Group

Grantees: Centre for Development and

Population Activities (CEDPA); Research

Triangle Institute (RTI)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

July 2000-July 2005

USAID AMOUNT (Global/regional/country-specific activities focusing on children

affected by HIV/AIDS):

Total obligations to date: $660,000

Office of HIV/AIDS (OHA) core funds:

$100,000 (FY 2002)

OHA core agreement (Uganda orphans and

vulnerable children): $360,000 (FY 2002 funds)

Africa Bureau: $100,000 (FY2003); $50,000 (FY

2001 funds)

Kenya orphans and vulnerable children field

support: $100,000 (FY 2001 funds)
government and civil society organizations in

developing policies and plans to address a

range of HIV/AIDS issues, including orphans

and vulnerable children.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

In the past year, the POLICY Project assisted

government ministries and 30 FBOs through

policy development activities, dissemination of

information on orphans and vulnerable children policy gaps, updates of models that estimate the number of orphans and vulnerable

children, and implementation of a small grants

program. 

During the year, the Project: 

 Assisted Nigeria’s Federal Ministry of

Women’s Affairs and Youth Development

and other collaborating agencies in drafting and revising Nigeria’s plan of action on

orphans and vulnerable children. In collaboration with other agencies, the Project

organized and facilitated the stakeholders’

meeting to adopt the plan.

 Reviewed and finalized Kenya’s Orphans

and Vulnerable Children Program

Guidelines in collaboration with Kenya’s

orphans and vulnerable children task force.

The guidelines were developed to assist in

programming and enhance coordination

of multisector approaches to orphans and

vulnerable children interventions.

 Assisted the Interreligious Council of

Uganda in planning, implementing, and

monitoring a small grants program to

strengthen the role of FBOs in meeting the

needs of orphans and vulnerable children. 

 In conjunction with the ARCH project and

Uganda’s Ministry of Gender, Labour and

Social Development, conducted an indepth analysis of laws, policies, and institutional arrangements identified in Uganda’s

orphans and vulnerable children situation

analysis. The study made recommendations for legislative and policy changes,

including restructuring of the National

Children’s Council. These recommendations were incorporated into a draft national orphans and vulnerable children policy. 

 Developed a paper reviewing policy gaps

in addressing issues that affect orphans

and vulnerable children. 

 Updated the AIDS Impact Model to

calculate maternal, paternal, dual, and

total orphans due to AIDS and non-AIDS

causes and provide options for displaying

results by age. The GOALS Model has been

used in Kenya, Lesotho, and South Africa to

estimate the costs of a fully funded

orphans and vulnerable children program.

The Project also initiated background

research on studies related to the impact

of HIV/AIDS on orphans and vulnerable

children.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 In collaboration with Kenya’s National AIDS

Control Council, UNICEF/Kenya, the Ministry

of Home Affairs, and the Orphans and

Vulnerable Children Task Force, carry out a

participatory orphans and vulnerable children situation analysis in Kenya

 In collaboration with the Ugandan government and other collaborating agencies,

analyze laws, policies, and institutional

frameworks that exist and that can be

strengthened with regard to orphans and

vulnerable children and their caregivers in

order to make recommendations for a

stronger legal policy framework for this

population in Uganda

 Develop an operational plan for addressing

orphans and vulnerable children issues in

selected countries in Africa, using a paper

Global 241
on orphans and vulnerable children

policy gaps

 Prepare desk reviews compiling all currently

available information on orphans and vulnerable children in African countries and

including narrative descriptions of the

situation in each country and matrices that

indicate the number of children receiving

specific types of support from specific

organizations

 Conduct a socioeconomic study of the

impact of orphans and vulnerable children

in Cambodia

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

The following documents and software are

available on the POLICY Project Web site

(www.policyproject.com):

 Policies for Orphans and Vulnerable

Children: A Framework for Moving Forward

(available in English and French)

 Spectrum, a computer model containing

modules for a range of projections and

cost comparisons. 

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The POLICY Project can provide expertise to

other projects in the following areas:

 Linking stigma and discrimination with HIV

prevention and care for orphans and vulnerable children

 Developing monitoring and evaluation systems and indicators for orphans and vulnerable children issues and activities

 Data analysis, modeling, and projections

 Policy development, policy dialogue, and

advocacy

 Capacity building

CONTACT INFORMATION

POLICY Project/Futures Group:

Brenda Rakama (b.rakama@tfgi.com)

Felicity Young (f.young@tfgi.com)

Tel: 202-775-9680

Web site: http://www.policyproject.com

USAID/Washington:

Liz Schoenecker (lschoenecker@usaid.gov)

Rose McCullough (rmccullough@usaid.gov)

Diana Prieto (dprieto@usaid.gov)

242 Global
PURPOSE

The PHNI Project provides analysis, data management, information technology, and communication services to USAID’s Bureau for

Global Health and other USAID offices and

development partners. The Project’s mission is

to provide information on health situations

and trends, program needs, activities, outcomes, and costs, so that policymakers and

program managers can make informed decisions about global health issues. For orphans

and vulnerable children, PHNI reports on

trends in the numbers of orphans and programmatic approaches to addressing the

needs of orphans. The project also publishes

guidance for conducting orphan and vulnerable children situation analyses and conducts

research on orphan demographics.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

The Project produced and disseminated:

 Conducting a Situation Analysis of Orphans

and Vulnerable Children Affected by

HIV/AIDS (February 2004)

 Sub-National Distribution and Situation of

Orphans: An Analysis of the President’s

Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Focus

Countries (March 2004) 

 The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS

Relief: U.S. Five-Year Global HIV/AIDS

Strategy (February 2004)

The Project also completed an analysis of

secondary data relevant to the health and

demographics of orphans and vulnerable

children in the 14 countries prioritized in the

President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Publish and distribute Children on the

Brink 2004

 Publish and distribute USAID Project Profiles:

Children Affected by HIV/AIDS (4th edition)

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Conducting a Situation Analysis of Orphans

and Vulnerable Children Affected by

HIV/AIDS (February 2004)

 Sub-National Distribution and Situation of

Orphans: An Analysis of the President’s

Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Focus

Countries (March 2004) 

 The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS

Relief: U.S. Five-Year Global HIV/AIDS

Strategy (February 2004)

 USAID Project Profiles: Children Affected by

HIV/AIDS (4th edition, October 2004)

Global 243

PROJECT:

Population, Health and Nutrition Information

(PHNI) Project

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Jorge Scientific Corporation

Grantees: Futures Group; John Snow Inc.

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

June 2003-May 2005 

USAID AMOUNT: 

$337,895 (Global/regional activities focusing

on children affected by HIV/AIDS)
PURPOSE

To improve the quality of life for 57,000

orphans and vulnerable children affected by

HIV/AIDS in Haiti, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania,

and Zambia

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Project recently began.

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Baseline assessments

 Recruitment of staff

 Capacity building of CBOs

 Monitoring systems in place

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

 Monitoring and evaluation

 Home-based care initiatives

 Vocational training

CONTACT INFORMATION

Project: 

Leela Mulukutla (leelam@crsmumbai.org)

USAID/Washington:

Victor Barbiero (vbarbiero@usaid.gov)

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

The project can provide expertise to other

projects in the following areas:

 Document development and dissemination

 Research and analysis

 Web site design, maintenance, and content management

 Database and application development

 Workshop and meeting planning and

implementation

CONTACT INFORMATION 

PHNI Project: 

Beverly Johnston (bjohnston@phnip.com)

Web site:http://www.phnip.com

USAID/Washington: 

Victor Barbiero (vbarbiero@usaid.gov);

Celeste Carr (ccarr@usaid.gov)

244 Global

PROJECT: 

Support to Orphans and Vulnerable Children

Affected by HIV

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS: 

Primary: Catholic Relief Services

Grantees: Ruche of Port Au Prince, Ruche of

Les Cayes, Ruche of Je re Mie (Haiti);

Archdiocese of Mombasa (Kenya); CARITAS

Rwanda (Rwanda); Diocese of Songea,

Diocese of Njombe, Diocese of Dar es

Salaam - PASADA (Tanzania); Diocese of

Ndola, Diocese of Mongu, Diocese of Solwezi

(Zambia)

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

February 2004-February 2009

USAID AMOUNT: 

$6,950,882.87
PURPOSE

The Synergy Project is a performance-based

contract that achieves results by helping

USAID missions and bureaus design, document, and learn from international HIV/AIDS

programs implemented by USAID cooperating

agencies and other partners. Specifically,

Synergy provides state-of-the-art tools, materials, and technical support to missions and

bureaus; enhances and facilitates management of USAID HIV/AIDS procurements as a

portfolio for the Office of HIV/AIDS of USAID’s

Bureau for Global Health; and increases the

efficiency and cost-effectiveness of international HIV/AIDS programs. For orphans and vulnerable children, Synergy monitors, documents, and reports on trends in the numbers of

orphans and program approaches, and facilitates and documents strategic responses.

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

 Published Children on the Brink 2000: An

Executive Summary

 Published Children on the Brink 2002

 Launched and managed the Children

Affected by AIDS (CABA) ListServ

 Published two congressional reports on

orphans and vulnerable children and

mother-to-child transmission

 Organized town hall meeting on education

and children affected by HIV/AIDS

 Supported town hall meeting on orphans

and vulnerable children in India

 Disseminated the report Orphans and

Vulnerable Children in India: Understanding

the Context and the Response

 Published USAID Project Profiles: Children

Affected by HIV/AIDS, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd

editions

 Published report A Family Is for a Lifetime 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Manage the Children Affected by HIV/AIDS

(CABA) Listserv

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

 Programmatic and financial database

 Children Affected by HIV/AIDS (CABA)

Listserv

 Documents: Children on the Brink 2002;

USAID Project Profiles: Children Affected by

HIV/AIDS, 3rd edition; A Family Is for a

Lifetime

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

The project can provide expertise to other

orphans and vulnerable children projects in

the following areas:

 Listserv and Web site implementation and

management

 Document development and dissemination

 Information dissemination

Global 245

PROJECT: 

Synergy

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATION:

Social & Scientific Systems, Inc.

USAID FUNDING PERIOD: 

1999-2005

USAID AMOUNT: 

$690,000
PURPOSE

YouthNet is a USAID-funded global project

awarded to Family Health International (FHI) in

October 2001 to improve reproductive health

and prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS among

young people aged 10 to 24. It is a collaboration with young people but also includes the

energy, insight, and experience of parents,

schoolteachers, employers, policymakers, the

media, health professionals, NGOs, religious

and community leaders, and youth networks.

YouthNet’s orphans and vulnerable children

activities focus on: 

 Identifying and documenting programs

and recommendations for orphans and vulnerable children projects involving adolescents affected by HIV/AIDS in HIV prevention, care, and support, and reproductive

health 

 Considering the situation and particular

needs of adolescents affected by HIV/AIDS

in research implementation efforts

KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Key accomplishments included identifying

reproductive health and HIV prevention, care,

and support programs that involve adolescents affected by HIV/AIDS and preparing

detailed descriptions of these programs. 

PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

 Continue to carry out analyses to identify

orphans and vulnerable children programs

that involve adolescents who are affected

by HIV/AIDS in reproductive health and HIV

prevention, care, and support 

 Prepare and disseminate a paper describing these programs

 Assessment and quantification

 Strategic planning 

 Program design

 Performance monitoring, evaluation, strategic information

 Workshop and meeting planning and

implementation

CONTACT INFORMATION

Social and Scientific Systems, Inc.: 

Barbara Pillsbury (bpillsbury@s-3.com)

Tel: 202-842-2939

Web site: http://www.synergyaids.com

USAID/Washington: 

Neen Alrutz (nalrutz@usaid.gov) 

Victor Barbiero (vbarbiero@usaid.gov)

246 Global

PROJECT:

YouthNet

IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONS:

Primary: Family Health International (FHI)

Grantees: CARE USA; Deloitte Touche

Tohmatsu Emerging Markets, Ltd.; Research

Triangle Institute International; Margaret

Sanger Center International

USAID FUNDING PERIOD:

2002-2004

USAID AMOUNT:

$200,000 
 Develop and promote guidelines for

responding to the needs and involvement

of adolescents affected by HIV/AIDS in

reproductive health and HIV prevention,

care, and support programs in orphans

and vulnerable children projects, based on

lessons learned and an assessment of

approaches, reach, existing tools, and

needs of youth-serving organizations

 Provide technical support to orphans and

vulnerable children programs that wish to

apply these guidelines 

 Consider the specific needs of orphans and

vulnerable children when developing other

program and research agendas (e.g.,

youth participation, sexual coercion, family

life education, youth-friendly services) in

order to raise the visibility of the needs of

different segments of the orphan and vulnerable adolescent population 

 Work with international and national groups

(including policymakers, service providers,

and youth-serving organizations) that support and/or provide health and social services for orphans and vulnerable children in

order to develop appropriate interventions

for adolescents affected by HIV/AIDS

by addressing such issues as risk identification, risk stratification, and planning

according to a comprehensive framework

that transfers lessons learned from different

program areas 

PROJECT MATERIALS AND TOOLS

Before the end of 2004 YouthNet will publish

an issues paper addressing issues specific to

children and youth affected by HIV/AIDS. This

will be followed by the development of guidelines for responding to the needs and involvement of adolescents affected by HIV/AIDS in

reproductive health and HIV prevention, care,

and support in orphan and vulnerable children programs. It will also identify and disseminate relevant tools produced by other programs.

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

YouthNet can provide support in strategic

planning, program implementation, research,

monitoring and evaluation, and expanding

the breadth of orphans and vulnerable children work by linking it to global youth-serving

networks (such as the World Association of Girl

Guides and Girl Scouts, the YMCA, and the

YWCA), global media (such as MTV), knowledge management programs, and the private sector through of social franchising techniques. 

Areas of specific youth expertise include

youth-adult partnerships, youth participation

and leadership, and delivery of youth-friendly

services. Through its short-term technical

assistance program, YouthNet can provide

technical support to USAID missions,

cooperating agencies, implementing

agencies, and governments.

CONTACT INFORMATION

YouthNet/Family Health International:

Nancy Williamson, Director

(nwilliamson@fhi.org)

Sharifah Tahir, Policy Coordinator

(stahir@fhi.org)

Tel.: 703-516-9779; Fax: 703-516-9781

USAID/Washington:

Pamela Mandel (pmandel@usaid.gov)

Shanti Conly (sconly@usaid.gov)

Victor Barbiero (vbarbiero@usaid.gov)

Global 247
248 Global
249

Appendix: Previously Funded Projects for 

Children Affected by HIV/AIDS

Country Description With Key Accomplishments

Brazil

Project Implementers 

Academy for Educational

Development; Brazilian NGOs Casa

de Passagem, Comitê para

Democratização da Informática de

Pernambuco, Porto Digital, and

LTNet-Brasil 

USAID Funding Period

Nov 2002-Apr 2004

USAID Amount

$400,000

This employability and training pilot project enrolled 50 disadvantaged youth from communities and poor families.

Accomplishments:

 Prepared educational training content that included core

technology themes, Portuguese, mathematics, English, creativity, citizenship, health, employability skills, ethics, and etiquette

 Developed a learning approach that enabled the participants to take charge of much of their learning program and

to simulate their future workplace environment

 Created a training facility and installed computers and

peripherals

Cambodia

Project Implementers 

FHI/IMPACT; Friends

USAID Funding Period

Aug 1999-Jun 2002

USAID Amount

$256,050

The project worked with street children by linking with existing

services providing provided support for children affected by

AIDS and encouraged increased capacity where gaps in care

and support existed. Various care and support services were

provided to 1,000 children per day. 

Accomplishments: 

 General counseling and pre-HIV testing/counseling services

 Care referrals for children and HIV-affected family members 

 Placement services for orphaned children and children from

HIV/AIDS-affected households

Cambodia

Project Implementers 

FHI/IMPACT; Partners in Compassion;

Takeo 

USAID Funding Period 

Feb-Sep 2002

USAID Amount

$5,478

The project, a collaboration between Christians and Buddhists,

focused on decreasing discrimination against persons living with

HIV/AIDS and increasing the ability of families to care for and

support children affected by AIDS. A clinic based at the Takeo

temple managed by Christian volunteers provided clinical care

and services to people living with AIDS. Volunteers visited families and children who were unable to access the clinic. 

Accomplishments: 

 127 children affected by AIDS received educational materials and clothes to enable them to attend school.

 60 Buddhist monks were trained to disseminate information

about HIV/AIDS and to encourage the community to support

and care for those infected and affected. 
250

Country Description With Key Accomplishments

Cambodia

Project Implementers 

FHI/IMPACT; Médècins du Monde

USAID Funding Period 

Oct 1999-Apr 2002

USAID Amount 

$103,827

The project’s primary focus was on HIV prevention, but it also

assisted incarcerated children and street children affected by

HIV/AIDS. 

Accomplishments:

 Vocational training

 Literacy courses for 100 youths

 Remodeled/refurbished buildings to use as youth centers

Ethiopia

Project Implementers 

Pact 

USAID Funding Period 

Jul 1995-Sep 2002

USAID Amount 

$2,000,000

This capacity-building project for NGOs included a series of training and technical assistance projects, small grants, and network

support that facilitated coordination among 19 NGOs assisting

orphans and vulnerable children.

Accomplishments: 

 Reached more than 33,000 children

 Operated 135 alternative education centers

 Increased annual budgets of NGOs by 121 percent

Ghana

Project Implementers 

FHI/IMPACT; Queen Mothers

USAID Funding Period 

Mar 2001-Jun 2002

USAID Amount 

$95,937 (a portion supported activities related to orphans and vulnerable children)

The project provided technical support to more than 70 “Queen

Mothers” (traditional female leaders/opinion leaders and mothers) to increase their long-standing capacity to care for and support children and families in need in the HIV/AIDS context. 

Accomplishments:

 The Ghana AIDS Commission and other NGOs increased their

assistance to orphans and other vulnerable children.

 A resource center was founded to provide counseling services and to host activities such as vocational training for the

children and their families.

 HIV/AIDS education was incorporated into traditional puberty

rights for young girls. 
251

Country Description With Key Accomplishments

Ghana

Project Implementers 

FHI/IMPACT

USAID Funding Period 

Mar-Apr 2002

USAID Amount 

$8,080

The project carried out a situation analysis on the status of care

for children made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS and subsequently produced the report Status of Care for Children That Are Orphaned

and/or Vulnerable Due to HIV and AIDS in Ghana. 

Haiti

Project Implementers 

CARE; FHI/IMPACT; CRS

USAID Funding Period 

Jan-Oct 2001

USAID Amount 

$200,000

The project helped communities understand the economic and

psychosocial problems of orphans and other vulnerable children

and implement sustainable responses. The project built on the

existing work of CARE/Haiti and its partners and was designed in

collaboration with the Ministries of Public Health and Social

Affairs. 

Accomplishments: 

 Links were established with microcredit and microfinance

groups to expand access to these services.

 CARE assisted with improving access to education and

addressing the specific HIV prevention needs of orphans and

vulnerable children.

 A situation analysis on orphans and vulnerable children was

completed in June 2000.

 Support groups were established in project areas.

 109 children were placed in host families by the end of the

project.

Kenya

Project Implementers 

ICROSS; St. Mary’s Hospital

USAID Funding Period

Dec 2001-Sep 2003

USAID Amount

$112,910 (ICROSS $78,443; St. Mary’s

Hospital $34,467)

The project integrated psychosocial support for orphans and

other vulnerable children in home-based care programs.

Assistance included helping children care for ailing parents, grief

management counseling, and visiting the children to check on

their well-being and help them cope with the impact of

parental sickness and loss. 

Accomplishments:

 Assessed the needs of orphans and other vulnerable children

 Formed six community support groups for orphans and vulnerable children 

 Trained 373 community health workers constituting 21 homecare teams

 Enrolled 2,290 patients and reached 6,337 vulnerable children

 Used results of the assessments in the project redesign
252

Country Description With Key Accomplishments

Kenya

Project Implementers

Society for Women and AIDS in

Kenya; Kenya Rural Enterprises

Program

USAID Funding Period

Aug 1999-Sep 2003

USAID Amount

$512,407

This project provided psychosocial and financial support to

orphans and vulnerable children through children’s clubs, training, and community activities in project areas in Western

Province, Kenya.

Accomplishments: 

 Mobilized about 2,000 people, 200 of whom were HIV-positive parents of about 1,200 children

 Established 10 post-test support groups

 Assisted HIV-positive parents to write memory books covering

issues of succession and will writing

 Linked the post-test support group members to microcredit

facilities, including training in income-generating activities

Kenya

Project Implementers

ICROSS; FHI/IMPACT

USAID Funding Period 

Oct 2000-Sep 2002

USAID Amount 

$197,531

The project responded in a social development context to the

needs of orphans and other vulnerable children with specific reference to psychological and physical health, education, and

land rights.

Accomplishments: 

 79 community health workers and 25 supervisors were trained

and subsequently provided home-based care and support in

three areas of Western Province (Bungoma, Nzoia, and

Webuye).

 A full-time medical officer monitored and provided technical

assistance to the community health workers.

Malawi

Project Implementers 

Save the Children; Community

Options for Protection and

Empowerment (COPE) project

USAID Funding Period 

Sep 1997-2002

USAID Amount 

$1,619,459

The project worked with local residents to form or reconstitute

and mobilize 374 village AIDS committees and numerous district

and subdistrict committees. Through these structures, the project

facilitated sustainable community action to prevent the spread

of HIV and mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS. 

Accomplishments:

 The project delivered seedlings and other planting materials

to more than 100 village AIDS committees to establish nurseries.

 15,221 orphans and other vulnerable children in four districts

received care and support.

 The project offered 1,639 children clothing, food donations,

and school fee assistance.

 40.2 hectares of communal vegetable gardens were established amd benefited more than 6,000 vulnerable households

per year. 

 249 youth clubs involving 7,000 youth were established. 

 Local fund raising increased.
253

Country Description With Key Accomplishments

Namibia

Project Implementers

FHI/IMPACT; Namibian Resource

Consultants

USAID Funding Period

Sep 2002-Feb 2003

USAID Amount

$28,901

The project goal was to improve the ability of program managers to assess the performance, quality, and outcomes of training, services, and supervision of programs for orphans and other

vulnerable children. The project worked with three Namibian

NGOs to develop and pilot a generic assessment/monitoring

tool for use by other NGOs, CBOs, and other groups addressing

the needs of orphans and vulnerable children. The project

developed and piloted a national monitoring and evaluation

toolkit with Namibian NGOs

Nepal

Project Implementers

Save the Children/US; Nepal Red

Cross Society; Nepal National Social

Welfare Association

USAID Funding Period

Jun 2001-Jun 2003

USAID Amount

$200,000

The project focused on mitigating the impact of HIV/AIDS on

affected children, their families, and the community. It supported the development of appropriate care and support systems in

Kanchanpur district of Nepal that could be used as models to

initiate care and support systems in other districts. 

Accomplishments:

 Six AIDS coordination committees were formed and mobilized. 

 An STI/HIV/AIDS counseling center was established.

 175 female community health volunteers and 26 caretakers

of HIV/AIDS-affected families received training in homebased care and counseling.

 Female community health volunteers organized 481 meetings

for 163 groups of mothers in the project area. The meetings

focused on HIV/AIDS prevention education, the rights of

HIV/AIDS-affected people, and the importance of care and

support.

Nigeria

Project Implementers 

CEDPA/ENABLE

USAID Funding Period 

Aug 1999-Dec 2002

USAID Amount 

$900,000

The project goal was to improve the quality of life for children

aged 0 to 15 who had lost one or both parents to AIDS. 

Accomplishments: 

 10 program implementation committees were organized.

 1,000 orphans and vulnerable children aged 0 to 15 received

health care, education, and vocational training.

 46 older siblings and 78 caregivers received vocational training.

 521 households with orphans and vulnerable children

received care and support through income-generating

activities, microcredit, and advocacy and social mobilization

training.

 The project offered training, capacity-building assistance,

increased access to small loans, and assistance with incomegenerating activities to 34 CBOs.
254

Country Description With Key Accomplishments

Romania

Project Implementers 

Baylor University

USAID Funding Period 

Mar 2001-Mar 200

USAID Amount 

$125,000

Baylor College partnered with a Romanian NGO to bring stateof-the-art comprehensive care and treatment to HIV-infected

children. 

Accomplishments: 

 The Romanian-American Children’s Center, an outpatient

care and treatment facility, served 627 children living with

HIV.

 All staff at the center received comprehensive training in

HIV/AIDS. 

 10 Romanian physicians received short-term HIV/AIDS training

in the United States at Baylor College of Medicine.

 Demographic, medical, and social information on 762 HIVinfected children was collected and compiled in a database

that can track specific indicators.

 A home and palliative care program for HIV-infected children and families was initiated.

Romania

Project Implementers 

Holt International Children’s Services

USAID Funding Period 

Oct 1998-Sep 2002

USAID Amount 

$1,063,000

A fully integrated system of services for HIV-positive and HIVaffected children and their families was designed, implemented,

managed, and evaluated.

Accomplishments: 

 376 HIV-affected children were provided with counseling,

social services, clothing, and food donations. 

 233 families with HIV-positive children benefited from financial support. 

 Nine abandoned HIV-positive children were placed in longterm foster care at the end of the first quarter of 2002.

South Africa

Project Implementers

AIDS Consortium

USAID Funding Period

Mar 2002-Aug 2003

USAID Amount

$109,000

The project aimed to support local livelihoods and promote economic sustainability by training unemployed Servcon clients in six

localities to help families affected by HIV initiate local development projects, form cooperatives, and gain access to social

and socioeconomic services. 

Accomplishments:

 Trained more than 70 local development fieldworkers in different localities in Gauteng and Mpumalanga

 Gained participation of more than 560 families living with HIV

in projects to improve household income

 Visited 560 families through home-based care visits and

support
255

Country Description With Key Accomplishments

South Africa

Project Implementers

World Vision/South Africa

USAID Funding Period

Jan 2000-Jul 2003

USAID Amount

$344,618

The project goal was to strengthen the capacity of vulnerable

individuals, households, and communities to respond to the economic, social, and health impacts of HIV/AIDS. 

Accomplishments:

 Trained 387 clients in business management throughout

Okhahlamba Municipality, 74 percent of whom are still in

business

 Trained 80 home-based caregivers operating throughout

Okhahlamba Municipality 

 Involved 30 orphaned youth from orphan-headed households in food security issues in pilot sites

 Provided child rights framework to 32 members of orphan

committees for their use in addressing orphan issues in their

communities

 Designed and disseminated effective messages about VCT,

nutrition, home-based care, and orphans and vulnerable

children issues

South Africa

Project Implementers 

FHI/IMPACT; HOPE Worldwide

USAID Funding Period 

Oct 1999-Jun 2002

USAID Amount 

$600,000

The project linked prevention of HIV with care and support services, community mobilization, and referral networks to provide a

continuum of care after VCT.

Accomplishments:

 Established support groups for children within the adult support groups (some support groups included only after-school

activities)

 Trained clinic staff members in home-based care, social auxiliary work, psychosocial support for children, and community

mobilization tools

 Facilitated welfare grants to clients

 Trained 13 lay counselors for PMTCT/VCT services and provided them with supplies and supervision

Uganda

Project Implementers 

Population Council; Horizons

USAID Funding Period 

Aug 1999-Jan 2003

USAID Amount 

$190,000

This project was an operations research activity that tested the

effect of succession planning and an orphan support program.

Three rounds of surveys were undertaken and analyzed. The

results are available on the Web site: 

http://www.popcouncil.org/horizons/ressum/orphans/orphanssu

m.html.

Findings:

 Baseline data demonstrated a need and interest in the program elements of both orphan support and succession planning.

 Qualitative findings and the ongoing impact analysis indicated that succession planning is an effective approach for

engaging HIV-positive parents in planning for their children. 
256

Country Description With Key Accomplishments

Uganda

Project Implementers 

Save the Children/UK;

Ministry of Labor and Social

Affairs

USAID Funding Period 

1992-1997

The project carried out a program that reunited 1,700 institutionalized children and closed 30 substandard institutions, thus improving the level of

care in the remaining orphanages. With technical assistance, the government was able to support decentralization of service delivery and

strengthen policies favoring family and community-based care for

orphans. Save the Children/UK continues to work with the government on

child protection and rights issues. 

Zambia

Project Implementers

The Salvation Army

Chikankata Health

Services; The Salvation

Army World Services Office 

USAID Funding Period

Oct 2000-Sep 2003

USAID Amount 

$538,744 (for a comprehensive community health

program; approximately

$20,000 per year supports

orphans and vulnerable

children activities; UNICEF

provides additional funds)

The purpose of the program was to provide support to five communities

as they worked to meet the needs of the ever-increasing number of

orphans and vulnerable children. 

Accomplishments:

 Supported 1,890 orphans and vulnerable children (320 in Chaanga,

290 in Malala, 250 in Mukela, 420 in Nameembo, and 610 in

Ngangula)and their families 

 Provided counseling to 1,890 orphans and vulnerable children once

each quarter

 Provided at least one training session related to child welfare and legal

issues to 1,890 orphans and vulnerable children and their families

 Provided parenting skills training to 50% of the orphans and vulnerable

children 

 Involved five communities in income-generating activities in which

some of the profit is earmarked for orphans and vulnerable children

and their families

 Provided quarterly home-care visits and training to 20% of the orphans

and vulnerable children and their families

Zambia

Project Implementers 

Population Council;

Horizons

USAID Funding Period 

Jan 2000-Dec 2001

USAID Amount

$167,548

This project was an investigative study to determine whether young people who provide care and support to persons living with HIV/AIDS are

more likely to practice safer sex behavior and whether provision of care

and support by young people can reduce stigma and discrimination

against orphans and vulnerable children and HIV-infected people. Study

results are available on the Web site: http://www.popcouncil.org/horizons. 

Accomplishments: 

 300 club members were trained in care and support issues, HIV/AIDS

stigma, and the rights of children.

 30 clubs provided care and support to people living with HIV/AIDS and

were linked to adult caregiver groups, clinic programs, or both.

 More than 100 orphans and vulnerable children were supported to

continue school through advocacy activities by club members.

 30 clubs in two districts provided care and support to an average of

five people living with HIV/AIDS and five orphans and vulnerable children with HIV/AIDS/chronic illness per month.

 60 clubs involving 10 to 20 orphans and vulnerable children each initiated activities.

 More than 50 orphans and vulnerable children in one district were

linked to financial and material support for schooling. 
257

Country Description With Key Accomplishments

Zambia

Project Implementers

PCI

USAID Funding Period 

Jan 1998-Dec 1999

USAID Amount 

$1,716,087

The project’s goal was to identify low-cost sustainable approaches to

strengthen the capacity of government organizations, NGOs, CBOs, communities, and families to mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS on orphans and

other vulnerable children. Four strategies were implemented to address

this goal – community mobilization; improvement of health service delivery; advocacy for improving child welfare polices and regulations; and

information sharing, networking, and capacity building.

Accomplishments: 

 14 communities with a total population of more than 100,000 mobilized

to respond to the needs of more than 5,000 orphans with local

resources.

 14 community-based committees for orphans and vulnerable children

organized to plan interventions. 

 Five district-based committees for orphans and vulnerable children

organized to perform advocacy activities, mobilize resources, and support community committees.

 1,000 children enrolled in seven new community schools.

 1,000 children gained greater access to counseling, health, education,

and other support services.

Zimbabwe

Project Implementers

Pact

USAID Funding Period 

Jul 2000-Sep 2002

USAID Amount 

$300,000

The orphan control and care program strengthened the capacity of six

NGOs to facilitate and replicate community-driven and community-sustained programs that integrated HIV prevention with care for orphans and

other vulnerable children.

Accomplishments: 

 Training in psychosocial support, life skills, and succession planning

 Community grants for school fees and health care for orphans and vulnerable children

 Creation of a network of NGOs focused on orphans and vulnerable

children

Regional

Project Implementers 

Regional Urban

Development Office

USAID Funding Period 

2001-2002

USAID Amount 

$100,000

This project used Regional Urban Development Office funds to: 

 Document effective urban strategies to alleviate the hardships faced

by orphans and vulnerable children

 Develop assessment methods to help municipalities restructure their

service delivery strategies to improve the standard of living for people

affected by HIV/AIDS 

 Design, cosponsor, and implement three or more demonstration projects in urban settings to improve local government responses to

orphans and vulnerable children and people living with HIV/AIDS

Accomplishments:

 Inventory of local government/urban actions to address HIV/AIDS

 Three pilot housing projects in South Africa for orphans and vulnerable

children
258

Country Description With Key Accomplishments

Global

Project Implementers 

Orphans and Vulnerable

Children Task Force

USAID Funding Period 

Jun 2001-May 2002

USAID Amount 

$20,000

The Orphans and Vulnerable Children Task Force was formed to bring

together individuals and representatives from organizations working to

meet the needs of orphans and other vulnerable children throughout the

world. Objectives of the ongoing task force include advocacy, communications, and forums for programs to exchange practices and materials,

identify program gaps and research needs, increase collaboration, and

raise the visibility of the needs of orphans and vulnerable children. Eighty

NGOs, agencies, donors, and individuals currently participate in task force

activities. 

Global

Project Implementers 

CORE; POLICY Project

USAID Funding Period 

Apr 2001-Dec 2002

USAID Amount 

$200,000

Empowerment grants of up to $5,000 were awarded to CBOs and FBOs to

carry out innovative local HIV/AIDS programs. More than $200,000 in

grants was allocated to 45 organizations from 29 countries. 

Six of these organizations specifically addressed the needs of children

infected or affected by HIV/AIDS through a variety of activities, including: 

 Working with Buddhist monks to reduce stigma associated with

orphans due to AIDS and other affected children through awarenessraising activities in schools 

 Supporting infected children who wished to attend school

 Conducting community training and youth rallies

 Providing care and support services for people living with HIV/AIDS

 Establishing an adoption system for orphans

 Providing education assistance and materials 

 Offering services in nutrition, health, shelter, child protection, incomegeneration, and home-based care and counseling
AFRICA

Burkina Faso

Supporting Nongovernmental Organization HIV/AIDS Service Expansion and Promoting Effective

Responses to Address the Needs of Orphans and Vulnerable Children Affected by 

HIV/AIDS (International HIV/AIDS Alliance), 22

Ethiopia

Capacity Building for HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care, and Support (FHI/IMPACT), 25

Improved Family Health and Maintaining Human Dignity of the Poorest (Catholic Relief 

Services), 27

Pact Community REACH (Rapid and Effective Action Against HIV/AIDS) (Pact), 29

Ghana

POLICY Project Ghana (Futures Group), 31

Kenya

COGRI Lea Toto Community-Based Project for the Care of HIV-Positive Orphans (Children of 

God Relief Institute [COGRI]), 33

Community-Based Program for HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care and Support (COPHIA) (Pathfinder 

International), 34

Leadership and Investment in Fighting an Epidemic (LIFE) (Catholic Relief Services), 37

Pact Community REACH (Rapid and Effective Action Against HIV/AIDS) (Pact), 38

Speak for the Child (Academy for Educational Development), 40

Teso Child Survival Project (World Vision International), 42

Malawi

Child Survival Program (World Relief), 44

Home-Based Care for Chronically Sick People and Care for Orphans and Other Vulnerable 

Children (FHI/IMPACT), 45

Safety Net (Catholic Relief Services), 47

Mozambique

Maputo Corridor AIDS Prevention Project, KUHLUVUKA-Corridor of Hope (Foundation for 

Community Development), 49

RITA (Reduced Impact and Transmission of HIV/AIDS) (World Vision International), 51

259

Index: Project Profiles by Country and

Primary Implementing Organization
Mozambique, cont.

Strengthening Community Responses to Orphans and Vulnerable Children (International 

HIV/AIDS Alliance), 52

Technical Support to Accelerate the Planning for and Expansion of Orphan and Vulnerable 

Children Support Services to Mozambique (To be determined), 53

Tshembeka Mobilizing for Care (World Relief), 55

Namibia

Assistance to Government Ministries for National Plan of Action for Children (FHI/IMPACT), 57

Human Rights and Legal Support for Orphans and Vulnerable Children and People Living With 

HIV/AIDS (FHI/IMPACT), 58

Psychosocial Support Training for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children (FHI/IMPACT), 60

School Program for the Prevention of Violence, Sexual Abuse, and HIV/AIDS (FHI/IMPACT), 62

Schooled for Success: Promoting Full School Participation by Orphans and Other Vulnerable 

Children (FHI/IMPACT), 63

Nigeria

Orphans and Vulnerable Children Project Implementation (FHI/IMPACT), 66

POLICY Project (Futures Group), 68

Rivers State Enhanced Care of Orphans (Centre for Development and Population Activities), 69

Vulnerable Children’s Project (Centre for Development and Population Activities), 71

Rwanda

Mobilizing for Life (World Relief), 73

Pact Community REACH (Rapid and Effective Action Combating HIV/AIDS) (Pact), 74

Safety Net and Leadership Initiative for Fighting Epidemics (LIFE) Food Programs (Catholic Relief

Services), 76

South Africa

Abaqulusi Child Survival Program (Salvation Army World Service Office), 78

Goelama Program – A strategic response to improving the well-being of orphans and vulnera

ble children in Limpopo, KwaZulu Natal, and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa

(The Nelson Mandela’s Children Fund), 79

Ndwedwe District Child Survival Project (Medical Care Development International), 81

Nurturing Orphans of AIDS for Humanity (NOAH) (Pact), 83

SIYAWELA II Project-Replication of Comprehensive Community Child Care Responses (HOPE 

Worldwide International), 84

Technical Assistance to USAID/South Africa-Funded Initiatives for Orphans and Other Vulnerable

Children (Family Health International), 86

260
Tanzania

Organizational Capacity Building (Social Action Trust Fund), 88

Rapid Funding Envelope for HIV/AIDS (Deloitte &Touche East Africa), 89

Supporting National Response for Children Affected by HIV/AIDS (Family Health 

International), 91

VSHP Tumaini (formerly Voluntary Sector Health Program) (CARE/Tanzania), 92

Zanzibar NGO Integrated Support and Partnership Program (Africare/Tanzania), 94

Uganda

The AIDS/HIV Integrated Model (AIM) District Program (JSI Research and Training Institute), 96

Community Resilience and Dialogue (International Rescue Committee), 98

POLICY II Project (Futures Group), 99

Situation Analysis of Orphans in Uganda (Center for International Health and Development, 

Boston University School of Public Health), 101

TASO Five-Year Strategy (The AIDS Support Organization [TASO]), 103

Title II HIV/AIDS LIFE Initiative (ACDI/VOCA), 105

Zambia

Africa KidSAFE (Shelter, Advocacy, Food, and Education) (Project Concern International), 108

CHANGES Community Sensitization and Mobilization Campaign (CSMC) and School Health and

Nutrition (SHN) (Creative Associates Inc.), 110

Psychosocial Support for Children Living With HIV/AIDS (Family Health International), 112

Scale-Up of Community and Home-Based Care and Support Services for People Living With 

HIV/AIDS, TB Patients, and Orphans and Vulnerable Children (funded through Pact 

Community REACH) (Project Concern International), 113

Strengthening Community Partnerships for the Empowerment of Orphans and Vulnerable 

Children (SCOPE-OVC) (FHI/IMPACT), 115

Zambia’s Interactive Radio Instruction Program for Out-of-School Children and Orphans 

(Education Development Center), 118

Zimbabwe

Linkages for the Economic Advancement of the Disadvantaged (LEAD) (Development 

Alternatives, Inc.), 120

The STRIVE Project (Support to Replicable, Innovative Community/Village-Level Efforts to 

Support Children in Zimbabwe) (Catholic Relief Services/Zimbabwe), 122

261
Africa Regional

Africa Education Initiative – Multiple (Hampton University; International Foundation for 

Education and Self-Help), 125

African Network for the Care of Children Affected by HIV/AIDS (ANECCA) – Multiple East, 

Central, and Southern African countries (Regional Centre for Quality of Health Care, 

Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda), 126

Consortium for Southern Africa Food Security Emergency (C-SAFE) – Malawi, Zambia, 

Zimbabwe (Catholic Relief Services), 127

Education for Development and Democracy Initiative (EDDI) – 43 countries (inter-U.S. govern

ment agency working group), 129

Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance (FANTA) – Botswana, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, 

Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, 

Zimbabwe (Academy for Educational Development), 131

HIV/AIDS and School Feeding Pilot Project – Burundi, Mauritania, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, 

Uganda, Zimbabwe (World Food Program), 134

Local Links for OVC Support – Kenya, South Africa (CARE), 135

Orphan Researcher Meeting – Multiple Southern Africa countries (Health Economics and 

HIV/AIDS Research Division (HEARD), University of KwaZulu-Natal, 137

SCALE-UP HOPE Program (International Save the Children Alliance Expanded-Unified 

Partnership With the Hope for African Children Initiative) -Ethiopia, Mozambique (Save 

the Children USA), 138

Southern Africa Regional HIV/AIDS (RHAP), U.S. Ambassador’s Initiative Program – Botswana, 

Lesotho, Swaziland (Futures Group), 140

Strengthening and Scaling Up The Hope for African Children Initiative (HACI) – Cameroon, 

Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Senegal, Uganda, Zambia (CARE), 142

Sustainable Income and Housing for Orphans and Vulnerable Children in Africa – Mozambique,

Uganda, Zambia (Opportunity International-US), 144

ASIA and the NEAR EAST

Cambodia

Assessing the Social and Economic Impact of HIV/AIDS on Orphans and Vulnerable Children in 

Cambodia (Futures Group),158

Children Affected by HIV/AIDS in Cambodia (International HIV/AIDS Alliance), 159

Children in Distress (component of Methagoruna Thmei Community Caring and Prevention 

Project) (Care International/Cambodia), 162

Community-Based Care and Support for Orphans and Vulnerable Children (FHI/IMPACT), 164

Community-Based Care for Orphans, Children, and Families Affected by AIDS (FHI/IMPACT), 167

Community Support for Persons Living With HIV/AIDS and Their Children (FHI/IMPACT), 168

262
Cambodia, cont.

Counseling Center for HIV-Positive Women and Their Children (FHI/IMPACT), 169

Family and Community-Based Care and Support for Orphans and Vulnerable Children 

(FHI/IMPACT), 170

Reducing the Impact of HIV/AIDS on Orphans and Vulnerable Children and Older Caregivers 

(FHI/IMPACT), 172

India (Note: FHI/IMPACT is primary implementing organization for all projects.)

ASHA {Hope)-Hyderabad, 174

Assisting Children Affected by HIV/AIDS – Community-Based Prevention and Care Services for 

Vulnerable Children and Adolescents, 175

BRIDGES, 177

Caring Community for Children Affected by AIDS in Manipur, 178

Cheyuthu (Helping Hand), 180

Dancing Feat, 182

HIV/AIDS Intervention Among Substance-Using Street Children in Delhi, 184

HIV/AIDS Intervention Among Substance-Using Street Children in Mumbai, 185

HIV/AIDS Prevention for Street and Slum Children in Delhi, 187

Project Motukkal, a Community-Based Care and Support Project for Children Affected by 

HIV/AIDS in Namakkal Union in Tamilnadu, 189

Providing Community-Based Care and Support to Infected and Affected Children in Parts of 

Delhi and Andhra Pradesh, 190

PRUNAJEEVA (“Full Life”), 193

Reducing the Vulnerability of Adolescents to HIV/AIDS in the Slums of Delhi, 194

Reducing the Vulnerability to HIV/AIDS of Children and Women Victims of Commercial Sexual 

Exploitation and Trafficking (VOCSET), 196

Sishu Adhikar Raksha (Protection of Rights of Children) Project, 198

Street and Working Children Affected by AIDS Project, 200

Strengthening Community Support for Vulnerable Children and Mothers in Mumbai , 202

Thooli (“cradle”) – Care of Children Infected and Affected by, and Vulnerable to, AIDS, 204

WIN CHILD, 206

EUROPE and EURASIA

Russia

Assistance to Russian Orphans (International Research & Exchanges Board [IREX]), 210

263
LATIN AMERICA and the CARIBBEAN

Brazil

POMMAR At-Risk Youth Project (Partners of the Americas), 214

Dominican Republic

CONECTA (Family Health International), 217

The Global Orphan Project/Promundo (John Snow International [JSI]), 219

Haiti

Care and Support Activities for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children and Persons Living With 

HIV/AIDS (FHI/IMPACT), 221

GLOBAL

Child Survival Technical Support Project Plus (Macro International, Inc.), 224

Communities Responding to the HIV/AIDS Epidemic (CORE) Initiative (CARE International), 225

Community REACH (Rapid and Effective Action Combating HIV/AIDS) (Pact), 227

Global Technical Support to Mobilize, Enhance, and Scale Up Comprehensive Community 

Responses for Orphans and Vulnerable Children Affected by HIV/AIDS (International 

HIV/AIDS Alliance), 229

Horizons (Population Council), 232

Implementing AIDS Prevention and Care (IMPACT) (Family Health International), 234

Peace Corps Program-Related Work With HIV Orphans and Vulnerable Children (Peace 

Corps), 237

POLICY Project (Futures Group), 239

Population, Health and Nutrition Information (PHNI) Project (Jorge Scientific Corporation), 242

Support to Orphans and Vulnerable Children Affected by HIV (Catholic Relief Services), 243

Synergy (Social & Scientific Systems, Inc.), 244

YouthNet (Family Health International), 245

264

U.S.Agency for International Development

1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW

Washington, DC 20523

www.usaid.gov