# Patent

## Title
Wireless battery tester with information encryption means

## Abstract

An electronic battery tester and method includes generating battery test data from an electronic battery test. The battery test data is transmitted over a wireless communication medium. In another aspect, a method and apparatus is provided for receiving battery test data from a wireless communication medium. Also, a diagnostic battery charger, which is capable of transmitting battery condition information to an external receiver, is provided.

## Background
The present application is based on and claims the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/587,232, filed Jul. 12, 2004, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
Reference is made to co-pending and commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/018,785, filed Dec. 21, 2004, entitled “WIRELESS BATTERY MONITOR,” the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to battery testers/chargers of the type used to test/charge individual storage batteries. In particular, the present invention relates to a wireless battery tester/charger.
Battery testers test storage batteries to determine various conditions of a battery. For example, battery testers can be useful to determine the amount of charge a storage battery can hold (i.e. capacity of the battery) or the state of health of a storage battery.
Storage batteries are used in various applications including remote cellular stations, electrical switching stations, hospitals, and many other installations requiring a source of backup power. Another example of an application for storage batteries are automotive vehicles, both electrical vehicles and vehicles with internal combustion engines.
A number of battery testing techniques are known in the art. These techniques include measuring the specific gravity of acid contained in a storage battery. Measuring a battery voltage and performing a load test on a battery in which a large load is placed on the battery and the response observed. More recently, a technique has been pioneered by Dr. Keith S. Champlin and Midtronics, Inc. of Willowbrook, Ill. for testing storage batteries by measuring the conductance of the batteries. This technique is described in a number of United State patents, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,873,911, issued Mar. 25, 1975, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE; U.S. Pat. No. 3,909,708, issued Sep. 30, 1975, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE; U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,768, issued Mar. 28, 1989, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE; U.S. Pat. No. 4,825,170, issued Apr. 25, 1989, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE WITH AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE SCALING; U.S. Pat. No. 4,881,038, issued Nov. 14, 1989, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE WITH AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE SCALING TO DETERMINE DYNAMIC CONDUCTANCE; U.S. Pat. No. 4,912,416, issued Mar. 27, 1990, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE WITH STATE-OF-CHARGE COMPENSATION; U.S. Pat. No. 5,140,269, issued Aug. 18, 1992, to Champlin, entitled ELECTRONIC TESTER FOR ASSESSING BATTERY/CELL CAPACITY; U.S. Pat. No. 5,343,380, issued Aug. 30, 1994, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SUPPRESSING TIME-VARYING SIGNALS IN BATTERIES UNDERGOING CHARGING OR DISCHARGING; U.S. Pat. No. 5,572,136, issued Nov. 5, 1996, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER DEVICE; U.S. Pat. No. 5,574,355, issued Nov. 12, 1996, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTION AND CONTROL OF THERMAL RUNAWAY IN A BATTERY UNDER CHARGE; U.S. Pat. No. 5,585,416, issued Dec. 10, 1996, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR STEP-CHARGING BATTERIES TO OPTIMIZE CHARGE ACCEPTANCE; U.S. Pat. No. 5,585,728, issued Dec. 17, 1996, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH AUTOMATIC COMPENSATION FOR LOW STATE-OF-CHARGE; U.S. Pat. No. 5,589,757, issued Dec. 31, 1996, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR STEP-CHARGING BATTERIES TO OPTIMIZE CHARGE ACCEPTANCE; U.S. Pat. No. 5,592,093, issued Jan. 7, 1997, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTING DEVICE LOOSE TERMINAL CONNECTION DETECTION VIA A COMPARISON CIRCUIT; U.S. Pat. No. 5,598,098, issued Jan. 28, 1997, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH VERY HIGH NOISE IMMUNITY; U.S. Pat. No. 5,656,920, issued Aug. 12, 1997, entitled METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING THE CHARGING LEAD-ACID BATTERIES AND AN INTERACTIVE CHARGER; U.S. Pat. No. 5,757,192, issued May 26, 1998, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING A BAD CELL IN A STORAGE BATTERY; U.S. Pat. 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No. 6,544,078, issued Apr. 8, 2003, entitled BATTERY CLAMP WITH INTEGRATED CURRENT SENSOR; U.S. Pat. No. 6,556,019, issued Apr. 29, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Pat. No. 6,566,883, issued May 20, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Pat. No. 6,586,941, issued Jul. 1, 2003, entitled BATTERY TESTER WITH DATABUS; U.S. Pat. No. 6,597,150, issued Jul. 22, 2003, entitled METHOD OF DISTRIBUTING JUMP-START BOOSTER PACKS; U.S. Pat. No. 6,621,272, issued Sep. 16, 2003, entitled PROGRAMMABLE CURRENT EXCITER FOR MEASURING AC IMMITTANCE OF CELLS AND BATTERIES; U.S. Pat. No. 6,623,314, issued Sep. 23, 2003, entitled KELVIN CLAMP FOR ELECTRICALLY COUPLING TO A BATTERY CONTACT; U.S. Pat. No. 6,633,165, issued Oct. 14, 2003, entitled IN-VEHICLE BATTERY MONITOR; U.S. Pat. No. 6,635,974, issued Oct. 21, 2003, entitled SELF-LEARNING POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD; U.S. Pat. No. 6,707,303, issued Mar. 16, 2004, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Pat. No. 6,737,831, issued May 18, 2004, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS USING A CIRCUIT MODEL TO EVALUATE CELL/BATTERY PARAMETERS; U.S. Pat. No. 6,744,149, issued Jun. 1, 2004, entitled SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING STEP-DOWN POWER CONVERSION USING AN INTELLIGENT SWITCH; U.S. Pat. No. 6,759,849, issued Jul. 6, 2004, entitled BATTERY TESTER CONFIGURED TO RECEIVE A REMOVABLE DIGITAL MODULE; U.S. Pat. No. 6,781,382, issued Aug. 24, 2004, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Pat. No. 6,788,025, filed Sep. 7, 2004, entitled BATTERY CHARGER WITH BOOSTER PACK; U.S. Pat. No. 6,795,782, issued Sep. 21, 2004, entitled BATTERY TEST MODULE; U.S. Pat. No. 6,805,090, filed Oct. 19, 2004, entitled CHARGE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A VEHICLE BATTERY; U.S. Pat. No. 6,806,716, filed Oct. 19, 2004, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Pat. No. 6,850,037, filed Feb. 1, 2005, entitled IN-VEHICLE BATTERY MONITORING; U.S. Ser. No. 09/780,146, filed Feb. 9, 2001, entitled STORAGE BATTERY WITH INTEGRAL BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 09/756,638, filed Jan. 8, 2001, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING BATTERY PROPERTIES FROM COMPLEX IMPEDANCE/ADMITTANCE; U.S. Ser. No. 09/862,783, filed May 21, 2001, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TESTING CELLS AND BATTERIES EMBEDDED IN SERIES/PARALLEL SYSTEMS; U.S. Ser. No. 09/880,473, filed Jun. 13, 2001; entitled BATTERY TEST MODULE; U.S. Ser. No. 60/348,479, filed Oct. 29, 2001, entitled CONCEPT FOR TESTING HIGH POWER VRLA BATTERIES; U.S. Ser. No. 10/046,659, filed Oct. 29, 2001, entitled ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE; U.S. Ser. No. 09/993,468, filed Nov. 14, 2001, entitled KELVIN CONNECTOR FOR A BATTERY POST; U.S. Ser. No. 10/042,451, filed Jan. 8, 2002, entitled BATTERY CHARGE CONTROL DEVICE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/093,853, filed Mar. 7, 2002, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH NETWORK COMMUNICATION; U.S. Ser. No. 10/098,741, filed Mar. 14, 2002, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUDITING A BATTERY TEST; U.S. Ser. No. 10/112,114, filed Mar. 28, 2002, entitled BOOSTER PACK WITH STORAGE CAPACITOR; U.S. Ser. No. 10/109,734, filed Mar. 28, 2002, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR COUNTERACTING SELF DISCHARGE IN A STORAGE BATTERY; U.S. Ser. No. 10/112,998, filed Mar. 29, 2002, entitled BATTERY TESTER WITH BATTERY REPLACEMENT OUTPUT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/119,297, filed Apr. 9, 2002, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TESTING CELLS AND BATTERIES EMBEDDED IN SERIES/PARALLEL SYSTEMS; U.S. Ser. No. 60/387,046, filed Jun. 7, 2002, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INCREASING THE LIFE OF A STORAGE BATTERY; U.S. Ser. No. 10/200,041, filed Jul. 19, 2002, entitled AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/217,913, filed Aug. 13, 2002, entitled, BATTERY TEST MODULE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/246,439, filed Sep. 18, 2002, entitled BATTERY TESTER UPGRADE USING SOFTWARE KEY; U.S. Ser. No. 10/263,473, filed Oct. 2, 2002, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH RELATIVE TEST OUTPUT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/310,385, filed Dec. 5, 2002, entitled BATTERY TEST MODULE; U.S. Ser. No. 60/437,224, filed Dec. 31, 2002, entitled DISCHARGE VOLTAGE PREDICTIONS; U.S. Ser. No. 10/349,053, filed Jan. 22, 2003, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROTECTING A BATTERY FROM OVERDISCHARGE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/388,855, filed Mar. 14, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH BATTERY FAILURE TEMPERATURE DETERMINATION; U.S. Ser. No. 10/396,550, filed Mar. 25, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 60/467,872, filed May 5, 2003, entitled METHOD FOR DETERMINING BATTERY STATE OF CHARGE; U.S. Ser. No. 60/477,082, filed Jun. 9, 2003, entitled ALTERNATOR TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/460,749, filed Jun. 12, 2003, entitled MODULAR BATTERY TESTER FOR SCAN TOOL; U.S. Ser. No. 10/462,323, filed Jun. 16, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER HAVING A USER INTERFACE TO CONFIGURE A PRINTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/601,608, filed Jun. 23, 2003, entitled CABLE FOR ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/601,432, filed Jun. 23, 2003, entitled BATTERY TESTER CABLE WITH MEMORY; U.S. Ser. No. 60/490,153, filed Jul. 25, 2003, entitled SHUNT CONNECTION TO A PCB FOR AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM EMPLOYED IN AN AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/653,342, filed Sep. 2, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER CONFIGURED TO PREDICT A LOAD TEST RESULT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/654,098, filed Sep. 3, 2003, entitled BATTERY TEST OUTPUTS ADJUSTED BASED UPON BATTERY TEMPERATURE AND THE STATE OF DISCHARGE OF THE BATTERY; U.S. Ser. No. 10/656,526, filed Sep. 5, 2003, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING A PARAMETER OF A VEHICLE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM; U.S. Ser. No. 10/656,538, filed Sep. 5, 2003, entitled ALTERNATOR TESTER WITH ENCODED OUTPUT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/675,933, filed Sep. 30, 2003, entitled QUERY BASED ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/678,629, filed Oct. 3, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER/CHARGER WITH INTEGRATED BATTERY CELL TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT DEVICE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/441,271, filed May 19, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 09/653,963, filed Sep. 1, 2000, entitled SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING POWER GENERATION AND STORAGE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/174,110, filed Jun. 18, 2002, entitled DAYTIME RUNNING LIGHT CONTROL USING AN INTELLIGENT POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM; U.S. Ser. No. 60/488,775, filed Jul. 21, 2003, entitled ULTRASONICALLY ASSISTED CHARGING; U.S. Ser. No. 10/258,441, filed Apr. 9, 2003, entitled CURRENT MEASURING CIRCUIT SUITED FOR BATTERIES; U.S. Ser. No. 10/705,020, filed Nov. 11, 2003, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SIMULATING A BATTERY TESTER WITH A FIXED RESISTANCE LOAD; U.S. Ser. No. 10/681,666, filed Oct. 8, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH PROBE LIGHT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/748,792, filed Dec. 30, 2003, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PREDICTING THE REMAINING DISCHARGE TIME OF A BATTERY; U.S. Ser. No. 10/783,682, filed Feb. 20, 2004, entitled REPLACEABLE CLAMP FOR ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 60/548,513, filed Feb. 27, 2004, entitled WIRELESS BATTERY MONITOR; U.S. Ser. No. 10/791,141, filed Mar. 2, 2004, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUDITING A BATTERY TEST; U.S. Ser. No. 60/557,366, filed Mar. 29, 2004, entitled BATTERY MONITORING SYSTEM WITHOUT CURRENT MEASUREMENT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/823,140, filed Apr. 13, 2004, entitled THEFT PREVENTION DEVICE FOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE SERVICE CENTERS; U.S. Ser. No. 60/575,945, filed Jun. 1, 2004, entitled BATTERY TESTER CAPABLE OF IDENTIFYING FAULTY BATTERY POST ADAPTERS; U.S. Ser. No. 60/577,345, filed Jun. 4, 2004, entitled NEW METHOD FOR AUTOMATICALLY TESTING A BATTERY AND TRANSMITTING DATA TO ANOTHER MODULE IN A VEHICLE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/864,904, filed Jun. 9, 2004, entitled ALTERNATOR TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/867,385, filed Jun. 14, 2004, entitled ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/870,680, filed Jun. 17, 2004, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH RELATIVE TEST OUTPUT; U.S. Ser. No. 60/582,925, filed Jun. 25, 2004, entitled BATTERY TESTER WITH BATTERY POTENTIAL FOR RECOVERY OUTPUT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/883,019, filed Jul. 1, 2004, entitled MODULAR ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 60/585,700, filed Jul. 6, 2004, entitled TEST STATION; U.S. Ser. No. 60/587,232, filed Jul. 12, 2004, entitled WIRELESS BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/896,835, filed Jul. 22, 2004, entitled BROAD-BAND LOW-INDUCTANCE CABLES FOR MAKING KELVIN CONNECTIONS TO ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS AND BATTERIES; U.S. Ser. No. 10/896,834, filed Jul. 22, 2004, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/897,801, filed Jul. 23, 2004, entitled SHUNT CONNECTION TO A PCB FOR AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM EMPLOYED IN AN AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/914,304, filed Aug. 9, 2004, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH NETWORK COMMUNICATION; U.S. Ser. No. 60/603,078, filed Aug. 20, 2004, entitled SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATICALLY GATHERING BATTERY INFORMATION FOR USE DURING BATTERY TESTING/CHARGING; U.S. Ser. No. 10/958,821, filed Oct. 5, 2004, entitled IN-VEHICLE BATTERY MONITOR; U.S. Ser. No. 10/958,812, filed Oct. 5, 2004, entitled SCAN TOOL FOR ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 11/008,456, filed Dec. 9, 2004, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PREDICTING BATTERY CAPACITY AND FITNESS FOR SERVICE FROM A BATTERY DYNAMIC PARAMETER AND A RECOVERY VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL, U.S. Ser. No. 60/587,232, filed Dec. 14, 2004, entitled CELLTRON ULTRA, U.S. Ser. No. 11/018,785, filed Dec. 21, 2004, entitled WIRELESS BATTERY MONITOR; U.S. Ser. No. 60/653,537, filed Feb. 16, 2005, entitled CUSTOMER MANAGED WARRANTY CODE; which are incorporated herein in their entirety.
Typically, especially in the automotive industry, technicians use battery testers to determine a condition of a storage battery. Generally, battery testers indicate results of the test on the actual device itself. This technique, however, can limit the mobility of the technician, the manipulation of generated data and storage of data. Current battery chargers also, in general, have similar limitations.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An electronic battery tester and method includes generating battery test data from an electronic battery test. The battery test data is transmitted over a wireless communication medium. In another aspect, a method and apparatus is provided for receiving battery test data from a wireless communication medium. Also, a diagnostic battery charger, which is capable of transmitting battery condition information to an external receiver, is provided.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram illustrating a battery tester in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a simplified block diagram of a wireless battery testing system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram illustrating an example battery information database contained in the receiving system shown in FIG. 2.
FIGS. 4-1 and 4-2 are simplified block diagrams of the receiving system (shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) coupled to the Internet and an Intranet, respectively.
FIG. 5 is a simplified flow chart showing generation of an audit code in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram of a wireless diagnostic battery charging system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention provides a technique for wirelessly transmitting battery test data. The present invention is for use with any battery tester or testing technique and those discussed herein are strictly examples. The present invention also provides a technique for combining the results of a battery test with information related to conditions of the battery test into a test code (audit code) for wireless transmission. As described herein, the present invention is useful in transmitting lengthy battery testing information and audit code information. Also, a diagnostic battery charger, which is capable of transmitting battery condition information to an external receiver, is provided.
FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of an example battery tester 16 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Apparatus 16 is shown coupled to battery 12 which includes a positive battery terminal 22 and a negative battery terminal 24.
Tester 16 operates in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention and determines the conductance (GBAT) of battery 12 and the voltage potential (VBAT) between terminals 22 and 24 of battery 12. Tester 16 includes testing circuitry 40. Testing circuitry 40 includes a current source 50, a differential amplifier 52, an analog-to-digital converter 54 and a microprocessor 56. Amplifier 52 is capacitively coupled to battery 12 through capacitors C1 and C2. Amplifier 52 has an output connected to an input of analog-to-digital converter 54. Microprocessor 56 is connected to system clock 58, memory 60, and analog-to-digital converter 54. Microprocessor 56 is also capable of receiving an input from input device 66 and outputting information to output device 72.
In operation, current source 50 is controlled by microprocessor 56 and provides a current I in the direction shown by the arrow in FIG. 1. In one embodiment, this is a square wave or a pulse. Differential amplifier 52 is connected to terminals 22 and 24 of battery 12 through capacitors C1 and C2, respectively, and provides an output related to the voltage potential difference between terminals 22 and 24. In a preferred embodiment, amplifier 52 has a high input impedance. Tester 16 includes differential amplifier 70 having inverting and noninverting inputs connected to terminals 24 and 22, respectively. Amplifier 70 is connected to measure the open circuit potential voltage (VBAT) of battery 12 between terminals 22 and 24. The output of amplifier 70 is provided to analog-to-digital converter 54 such that the voltage across terminals 22 and 24 can be measured by microprocessor 56.
Tester 16 is connected to battery 12 through a four-point connection technique known as a Kelvin connection. This Kelvin connection allows current I to be injected into battery 12 through a first pair of terminals while the voltage V across the terminals 22 and 24 is measured by a second pair of connections. Because very little current flows through amplifier 52, the voltage drop across the inputs to amplifier 52 is substantially identical to the voltage drop across terminals 22 and 24 of battery 12. The output of differential amplifier 52 is converted to a digital format and is provided to microprocessor 56. Microprocessor 56 operates at a frequency determined by system clock 58 and in accordance with programming instructions stored in memory 60.
Microprocessor 56 determines the conductance of battery 12 by applying a current pulse I using current source 50. Microprocessor 56 determines the change in battery voltage due to the current pulse I using amplifier 52 and analog-to-digital converter 54. The value of current I generated by current source 50 is known and is stored in memory 60. In one embodiment, current I is obtained by applying a load to battery 12. Microprocessor 56 calculates the conductance of battery 12 using the following equation:

Conductance=GBAT=ΔI/ΔV  Equation 1

where ΔI is the change in current flowing through battery 12 due to current source 50 and ΔV is the change in battery voltage due to applied current ΔI.

Based upon the battery conductance GBAT and the battery voltage, the battery tester 16 determines the condition of battery 12. For example, if the battery conductance GBAT is lower than a predetermined threshold for a particular battery at a particular voltage, microprocessor 56 determines that battery 12 has failed the battery test. For example, as explained in the Champlin patents, the tester can compare the measured CCA (Cold Cranking Amp) with the rated CCA for that particular battery. A temperature sensor 74 can be thermally coupled to battery 12 and used to compensate battery measurements. Temperature readings can be stored in memory 60 and transmitted, along with other test data, with the help of communication circuitry described below in connection with FIG. 2.
FIG. 2 is a simplified block diagram of a wireless battery testing system 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Wireless battery testing system 100 includes battery tester 116. Battery tester 116, for example, can be battery tester 16 illustrated in FIG. 1. However, battery tester 116 can be other types of battery testers that measure various parameters of a battery and determine battery condition. For example, battery tester 116 can be portable such that it can easily move between vehicles or otherwise be transported. Battery tester 116 includes measurement circuitry 140, memory 141 and input 143, which are coupled to a microprocessor 156. Microprocessor 156 is also operably coupled to communication circuitry 142, which can comprise a transmitter or a transceiver. Measurement circuitry 140 and microprocessor 156 together form battery test circuitry 138. Microprocessor 156 is configured to generate a battery test result (or, in general, battery test data) based on measurements made by circuitry 140. Microprocessor 156 is configured to provide the battery result to communication circuitry 142.
Communication circuitry 142 transmits battery test results over wireless communication link 144 to an external receiving system 145. Wireless communication link 144 can include a variety of types of signals. For example, communication link 144 can be a diffused infrared signal. Diffused infrared signals utilize the walls and ceiling of a room to bounce infrared signals between communication circuitry 142 and receiving system 145. Thus, people walking about a room as well as other obstructions will not interfere with sustained infrared communication. However, communication circuitry 142 and receiving system 145 must be located in the same room because infrared communication can not penetrate fixed obstructions, such as walls. In another example, communication link 144 can be a radio frequency (RF) signal. In this example, communication circuitry 142 and receiving system 145 can be located in different rooms because RF signals can easily penetrate walls and other obstructions.
External receiving system 145 can be implemented as desired. In some embodiments, receiving system 145 can comprise only a receiver/transceiver 146 (optionally including an antenna 147) and an output 148, which may be a display unit, for example. Components 146 and 148 may be integrated as a single unit or be separate units that are coupled together. In other embodiments, in addition to receiver/transceiver 146 and output 148, a computing device 150 can be connected to receiver/transceiver 146 such that it can receive the battery test results, display the results in different formats, and/or log and store results in memory 152. In such embodiments, the collected data can be used as desired. In one implementation, receiving system 145 can be configured to couple into, for example, the Internet or an Intranet to serve a web page, which contains the battery test results. This allows storage battery information to be viewable by using any web browser coupled to receiving system 145 through a data network. In another implementation, computing device 150 can be a point of sale system such that battery condition data can be available to the customer, stored in a customer account and managed by a technician. In other examples, receiving system 145 can be located in a bay of an automotive service center, located on a technician, located in an automotive vehicle, or located in a charger. To facilitate coupling/installation at the above-noted locations, receiving system 145 can include a support/coupling mechanism 154, which can be implemented as desired. For example, in a portable embodiment of device 145, support/coupling mechanism 154 can comprise a strap and/or clip that is designed to help a technician easily carry device 145. For location/integration in a charger, coupling/support mechanism can include suitable mechanical and electrical components that provide the necessary mechanical and electrical coupling.
As mentioned above, receiving system 145 can log and store battery test results in memory 152. FIG. 3 illustrates an example battery information database 157, which is stored in memory 152. When computing device 150 receives new battery information from receiver/transceiver 146, it executes program instructions, which may also be stored in memory 152 along with database 157, for updating database 157 with the newly received battery test data. Database 157 may be any type of hierarchical or relational database that is known in the industry or developed in the future. Similarly, the database update software may be any software that is suitable for updating the particular type of database 157. Database 157 can include one or more tables that, in turn, include several test data fields. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the test data fields can include a battery temperature field 158, a battery voltage filed 160, a battery conductance field 162, a battery condition field 164 and a measurement date and time filed 166. Database 157 can also include an additional table that stores battery maintenance and replacement information. Each maintenance/replacement record in the database can include a username, or other identification means, for the user that carried out the battery maintenance/replacement. In some embodiments, the username of a currently logged-in user is included in the database record each time an update is carried out. As mentioned above, information in memory 152 can be part of a point of sale system (denoted by reference numeral 168 in FIG. 3), that has multiple tables and screens for storing and displaying customer information.
As mentioned above, receiving system 145 can be configured to couple into, for example, the Internet or an Intranet and serve as a web page that contains the battery test data. FIGS. 4-1 and 4-2 show receiving system 145 coupled to the Internet 180 (via Internet connection 182) and to Intranet 186 (via connection 188), respectively. An Internet user can view and operate receiving system screens form a computer 183, connected to the Internet 180, with the help of web browser 184. Similarly, receiving system screens can be accessed from a client computer 190, which is connected to Intranet 186. In some embodiments, cellular phone or paging networks can be used for transferring certain information between tester 116 and receiving system 145.
Referring back to FIG. 1, in another embodiment of the present invention, microprocessor 56 uses information input from input device 66 provided by, for example, an operator. This information may consist of various parameters of the particular type of battery, location, time, the name of the operator, observation data, etc. Additional information relating to the conditions of the battery test can also be received by microprocessor 56 from input device 66. Input device 66 may comprise one or more sensors, for example, or other elements which provide information such as ambient or battery temperature, time, date, humidity, barometric pressure, noise amplitude or characteristics of noise in the battery or in the test result, or any other information or data which may be sensed or otherwise recovered which relates to the conditions of the test, how the battery test was performed, or intermediate results obtained in conducting the test. Additional test condition information is provided by microprocessor 56. Such additional test condition information may include the values of GBAT and battery voltage, the various inputs provided to battery tester 16 by the operator which may include, for example, type of battery, estimated ambient or battery temperature, type of vehicle (i.e., such as provided through the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) code for the vehicle) or the particular sequence of steps taken by the operator in conducting the test. In accordance with the present invention, microprocessor 56 uses some, or all, of the various battery test condition information and combines such test condition information with the test result to generate a test or audit code.
FIG. 5 is a simplified block diagram 500 showing steps in accordance with generation of an audit code of the present invention. The steps set forth in block diagram 500 are typically carried out by, for example, a microprocessor such as microprocessor 56 shown in FIG. 1. However, the steps may be implemented in hardware, software or their combination as appropriate.
Block 502 illustrates the general step of outputting test results. The test results can be, for example, the results of the battery test described above. At block 504, microprocessor 56 retrieves the data which will be used in the audit code. As discussed herein, such data can comprise many different types of data including data retrieved from memory 60 associated with microprocessor 56. At block 506, microprocessor 56 generates an audit code based upon the retrieved data in accordance with any of the embodiments set forth herein. The audit code is generated using an encryption algorithm. The particular algorithm used can be selected in accordance with the desired level of security. However, for most systems, a transposition offset cipher can be used in which individual data elements are transposed and offset by known amounts. More complex algorithms such as RSA, rotating codes or public key based encryption algorithms can be used if desired. At block 508, microprocessor 56 outputs the audit code, for example, to some sort of display device or printer coupled to microprocessor 56. In another embodiment of the present invention, microprocessor 56 can instruct communication circuitry 142, illustrated in FIG. 2, to wirelessly transmit the audit code to receiving system 145. Computing device 150 can then copy the audit code onto a return form, or enter the audit code into a database system of the manufacturer. The audit code and encryption algorithm should be such that the output is alphanumeric or in a form which is otherwise easy to copy onto a warranty submission form. Of course, if the code is electronically transmitted over wireless communication link 144, the audit code can take any form. Such wireless communication links include, for example, infrared links, ultrasonic links, RF outputs, or other techniques for conveying wireless data which are known in the art.
The particular data which is used to form the audit code can be any of the final test results or intermediary measurements (that is, measurements which are used to obtain a final test result) set forth herein. For example, the measured voltages can be encoded. Battery condition, state of charge or time to charge information can be encoded. Further, the date of the test can be maintained by a microprocessor and can be included in the audit code. Using this information, the test can be audited to determine if the measured voltage could actually result in the encoded test results. Further, by checking the encoded date, it is possible to determine whether the vehicle was even in a repair shop during the test period. The raw data, such as voltage levels or other intermediary measurements, can be used by a manufacturer to collect data regarding the operation of a product. For example, a manufacturer could note that a particular change to a battery resulted in a statistically significant drop in voltages as measured in actual vehicles. This could be used in a research and development effort to improve system operation.
Other information which can be encoded into the audit code includes information regarding the make or model of the vehicle or battery, information such as the VIN identifying the vehicle, temperature information, time of day information, an identification which specifies the operator, the identity of the dealer or shop performing the test, data which identifies the test equipment or the software used in the test equipment, system or component ratings or other information entered by an operator, the number or sequence of the test, or other information.
As noted above, embodiments of battery testers and receiving systems of the present invention include software that carries out various battery testing and information communication functions. In some embodiments of the present invention, tester 116 can also receive software updates through input device 143.
FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram of a wireless diagnostic battery charging system 600 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Wireless battery charging system 600 includes diagnostic battery charger 602, which includes battery charging circuitry 604. The remaining components of system 600 are similar to the components of system 100 shown in FIG. 2 and therefore denoted by the same reference numerals in FIG. 6. Temperature sensor 74 of FIG. 6 operates in a manner similar to the temperature sensor of FIG. 1. Charging circuitry 604, measurement circuitry 140 and microprocessor 156 together form battery charging and testing circuitry 606. Battery charging circuitry 604, which can include a transformer and rectifier, for example, is capable of supplying energy to a battery. Microprocessor 156, with the help of measurement circuitry 140, is capable of determining a battery charge status before, during and after the battery is charged by charging circuitry 604. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, microprocessor 156 is also capable of combining battery test data, battery charge status information, and other information related to the battery (such as battery temperature), into an encrypted code, which it provides to communication circuitry 142. The information combining and encryption process is carried out in a manner similar to that described above in connection with FIG. 5. A combination of battery test data and battery charging information is referred to herein as battery condition information. The transmission of information from communication circuitry 142 to receiving system 145 takes place in a manner described above in connection with FIG. 2.
Receiving system 145 of FIG. 6 can log and store battery condition information in memory 152, which can include at least one database with fields similar to those described above in connection with FIG. 3. A battery charging history can be stored in the database. Also, battery condition information can be viewed through the Internet 180 or an Intranet 180 in a manner described above in connection with FIGS. 4-1 and 4-1.
Diagnostic battery charger 602 can be any type of battery charger, which is capable of communicating battery condition information to an external receiver. A description of example components which can be employed to form battery charging and testing circuitry 606 is set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 6,104,167, issued Aug. 15, 2000, and entitled “METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CHARGING A BATTERY,” which is incorporated herein by reference.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

## Claims

1. A method of testing a storage battery comprising:
connecting a battery test device to the storage battery;
obtaining, via an input of the battery test device, identification information for an operator carrying out the battery test;
obtaining, via the input of the battery test device, test condition information related to the battery;
obtaining battery measurement values by performing a step in a battery test on the storage battery with the battery test device;
digitizing the battery measurement values with the battery test device;
determining, using a microprocessor in the battery test device, a condition of the battery as a function of the digitized battery measurement values and the test condition information;
digitally combining the operator identification information, the test condition information, the digitized battery measurement values and the condition of the battery to form an encrypted code, the encrypted code having properties such that the operator identification information, the digitized battery measurement values and the condition of the battery are subsequently recoverable from the encrypted code and the battery test subsequently verifiable through comparing the measurement values to the condition of the battery to identify operator falsification of the battery test; and
transmitting the encrypted code that combines the operator identification information, the test condition information, the digitized battery measurement values and the condition of the battery, across a wireless communication medium to an external receiver.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein determining the condition of the battery comprises computing a dynamic parameter of the battery.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the dynamic parameter of the battery is a conductance of the battery.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the encrypted code further comprises information related to a date that the battery test was performed.

5. An apparatus comprising:
battery test circuitry configured to couple to a battery and to generate battery measurement values;
an analog to digital converter configured to provide digitized measurement values;
input circuitry configured to receive operator identification information and test condition information related to a test condition of the storage battery;
a microprocessor configured to determine a condition of the storage battery as a function of the digitized measurement values and the test condition information, the microprocessor is further configured to generate an encrypted code that combines the operator identification information, the test condition information, the digitized battery measurement values and the condition of the battery, the encrypted code having properties such that the operator identification information, the digitized battery measurement values and the condition of the battery are subsequently recoverable from the encrypted code and the battery test subsequently verifiable through comparing the measurement values to the condition of the battery to identify operator falsification of the battery test; and
communication circuitry configured to transmit the encrypted code that combines the operator identification information, the test condition information, the digitized battery measurement values and the condition of the battery, across a wireless communication medium to an external receiver.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the communication circuitry utilizes radio frequency (RF) signals to transmit the encrypted code that combines the operator identification information, the test condition information, the digitized battery measurement values and the condition of the battery over the wireless communication medium.

7. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the communication circuitry utilizes infrared (IR) signals to transmit the encrypted code that combines the operator identification information, the test condition information, the digitized battery measurement values and the condition of the battery over the wireless communication medium.

8. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the microprocessor is configured to determine a dynamic parameter of the battery.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the dynamic parameter of the battery is a conductance of the battery.

10. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the battery test circuitry comprises a temperature sensor that is configured to measure a temperature of the battery.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the communication circuitry is configured to transmit the measured temperature over the wireless communication medium.

12. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the battery test circuitry is configured to receive software updates.

13. A receiving system comprising:
a receiver, having an antenna, configured to receive, over a wireless communication medium, a generated encryption code from a battery tester, the encrypted code combining operator identification information, test condition information, digitized battery measurement values and a condition of the battery, the encrypted code having properties such that the operator identification information, the digitized battery measurement values and the condition of the battery are subsequently recoverable from the encrypted code and the battery test subsequently verifiable through comparing the measurement values to the condition of the battery to identify operator falsification of the battery test; and
an output configured to provide information related to the condition of the battery.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the receiving system is portable.

15. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the receiver is a RF receiver.

16. The apparatus of claim 13 and further comprising a computing device that is coupled to the receiver, the computing device is configured to at least temporarily store the operator identification information, the test condition information, the digitized battery measurement values and the condition of the battery.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the receiving system is configured to couple to an Internet connection.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the at least temporarily stored test data is accessible using a web browser.

19. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the receiving system is configured to couple to an Intranet connection.