Destin Airport Air Sampling Project

 Executive Summary

for 

City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007
Tetra Tech, Inc. Phone: 850-837-9278 

12815 Emerald Coast Pkwy, Ste 110 Fax: 850-837-7269 

Destin, Florida 32550 http://www.tetratech.com 

 

 

Destin Airport Sampling Project

 Executive Summary

for 

City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007

Air Sampling Project 

Prepared by 

______________________________________ 

Fred Rial, P.E. – Project Manager 

______________________________________ 

Kerry Hamblin – Project Scientist 

_________________________________ 

Michael Bomar, P.E. – Program Manager 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 1 of 39 6/19/2007 

Executive Summary 

Table of Contents 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ 3 

AIRPORT SAMPLING SCOPE DISCUSSION ............................................................................ 4 

AIRPORT IMPACT AREA VERSUS URBAN BACKGROUND AREA ................................... 5 

SAMPLING PROJECT FINDINGS............................................................................................... 5 

AIRPORT SAMPLING PROJECT IMPACT FINDINGS ............................................................ 7 

SAMPLING PROJECT HYPOTHESIS......................................................................................... 9 

SAMPLING PROJECT VARIABLES........................................................................................... 9 

DISCUSSION OF SAMPLING RESULTS ................................................................................. 10 

STATISTICAL DISCUSSION OF SAMPLING RESULTS....................................................... 18 

SAMPLING PROJECT COMPARISON REFERENCE ............................................................. 18 

STATISTICAL SAMPLING PROJECT RESULTS.................................................................... 19 

AIR IMPACT CRITERIA DISCUSSION.................................................................................... 25 

SAMPLING PROJECT METHODOLOGY DISCUSSION........................................................ 29 

SAMPLING PROJECT ASSUMPTIONS ................................................................................... 31 

SAMPLE COLLECTION............................................................................................................. 32 

AIRPORT CHEMICAL MARKERS ........................................................................................... 32 

DESTIN AIRPORT DATA .......................................................................................................... 33 

SAMPLING FIELD OPERATIONS DISCUSSION ................................................................... 33 

WIND DIRECTION DISCUSSION............................................................................................. 34 

SAMPLING LOCATION PICTURES......................................................................................... 34 

APPENDIX DETAILS................................................................................................................. 37 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 2 of 39 6/19/2007 

Appendix 1 - Sampling Station Figures 

• Figure 1 – Destin, Florida Topographic Map 

• Figure 2 – Air Sample Sites (5) – Destin, Florida 

• Figures 3 to 5 – Predicted Airport Impact Sites Based On Wind Direction 

Appendix 2 – Field Operations Sample Report 

• TRC Environmental Corporation Final Field Data Report 

• TRC Final Field Report – Supporting Appendices 

Appendix 3 – Station Photographs – March Site Visit and April Sampling 

Appendix 4 – Methods Reference and Sample Equipment Data 

Appendix 5 – Laboratory Data Analyses Spreadsheets and Charts 

• Statistical Summary Table Air Quality Impact from Airport Operations 

• Sample Data by Sample Station and Air Contaminant 

• Statistical Details by Station by Air Contaminant 

• Charts Depicting Airport Impact Versus No Airport Impact 

Appendix 6 – Testing Lab References - Atmospheric Analysis & Consulting, Inc. Appendix 

7 – Laboratory Reports 

• Chain-of-custody records 

• Laboratory Report - Volatile Organic Compounds (TO-15 list) 

• Laboratory Report - Total Suspended Particulate 

• Location Laboratory Report - Particulate Lead 

Appendix 8 – Destin Airport Aviation Flight Log April 3-8, 2007 

Appendix 9 – NOAA Climatological Data April 1-9, 2007 

Appendix 10 – Sample Collection and Analysis Methods 

• Testing Schedule 

• EPA Method TO-15 – Total Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in Ambient Air 

• EPA Method for Lead, Particular Matter Analysis – Method IO-3.5 

• EPA Method for Total Suspended Particulate Matter and PM-10- Method IO-3 

Appendix 11 – Sampling Site Use Permission Forms 

Appendix 12 – US EPA Toxic Release Inventory Data (Lead and Acetone) 

Appendix 13 – Aviation Fuel Reference Data 

• Chevron Aviation Fuel Technical Paper - Chapter 10 Aviation Fuel 

• EXXON MOBIL - Jet Fuel A MSDS and AVGAS 100LL MSDS 

Appendix 14 – Air Impact Criteria 

• Odor Threshold and Agency Standard Tables 

• Odor Perception and Physiological Response 

• NOAA/Hazmat - Odors and Odor Threshold 

• National Ambient Air Quality Standards (Lead and Particulate) 

• Chemical Exposure Limit Standards - US EPA Region IX PRG Table 

• Chemical Exposure Limit Standards - California PROP 65 Chemical List 

• Cancer Risk Assessment Air Exposure Limits – ASDTR and IARC 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 3 of 39 6/19/2007 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

Tetra Tech, Inc., (Tt) was retained by the City of Destin to conduct an air monitoring sampling 

project of air impact of the Destin Airport in Destin, Florida. 

The airport is a publicly owned (by Okaloosa County) general aviation airport with a 5,000 foot 

runway located to the east of downtown Destin, Florida. The objective of this sampling project 

as authorized by the City of Destin was to determine if airport operations (plane side and ground 

side) can be confirmed and quantified by concurrent ambient air quality sampling at multiple 

sites in Destin, Florida. 

The parameters evaluated in the sampling project included organic compounds (total of 108), 

total suspended particulate matter (dust), and particulate lead. Five sample sites where chosen 

for the sampling project with three sites adjacent to the airport and two sites that were classified 

in this sampling project as Destin City urban background. The sample sites are shown in the 

following chart. 

Sampling was conducted over 12-hour periods using a high volume air sampler to collect 

particulate matter and particulate lead. Sampling was conducted over 10-hour periods using an 

evacuated Summa® canister with limiting orifice to collect organic compounds. Sampling was 

started Tuesday morning April 3, 2007 and completed Saturday evening April 7, 2007. A total 

of 35 particulate samples were collected and a total of 36 Summa® organic compound samples 

were collected. The additional organic compound sample was a “duplicate” sample to validate 

the analysis methodology. All samples were evaluated using approved US EPA analysis 

methods as discussed in more detail in the body of this report. 

DESTIN 

AIRPORT
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 4 of 39 6/19/2007 

AIRPORT SAMPLING SCOPE DISCUSSION 

The airport sampling project was designed to provide the following information to the City of 

Destin relative to the limited sampling project scope outlined below: 

1. Determine the air concentration of chemicals and chemical compounds that may indicate 

the presence of aviation fuel combustion or use; and identify the air concentrations of 

those substances at three locations around the Destin Airport and two at other locations in 

Destin, Florida. 

2. Evaluate the presence of particulate at each of the five sample locations and determine if 

there is any relation between the presence or absence of particulate matter and time of 

day, weather patterns, or sample site location. 

3. Evaluate ambient air samples and report on any chemicals that were observed during this 

sampling project that exceed the odor threshold standards at locations where air samples 

were collected. 

4. Conduct the sampling project within a budget fee of $31,500. 

5. Evaluate the following hypothesis: Chemicals that are an indicator of aircraft operations 

will be present in air samples collected near airport operations during normal flight 

operation hours (day) and should not be present (or will be present at much lower 

concentrations) during hours of minimal flight operations (night). 

The sampling project was not designed to address the following issues: 

1. Evaluate long term air quality based on multiple wind directions and multiple locations. 

2. Evaluate health risks associated with pollutant levels observed at the five locations. 

3. Implementation of corrective action plans to mitigate pollutant levels observed during 

this sampling project. 

4. Conduct analysis of the particulate matter collected in the high volume samplers to 

determine size speciation of particulate matter, to identify the specific chemical species 

and makeup of the particulate collected (other than lead), or develop health based 

conclusions related to the source or sources of the particulate matter collected. 

5. Evaluate air concentrations of pollutants at each sample station for the purpose of 

establishing compliance with regulatory standards. 

6. Develop a comprehensive ambient air quality database for all criteria pollutants that have 

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). (Note NAAQS includes particulate 

matter, oxides of nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, lead) 

7. Quantify the relative levels of odor for gasoline, diesel, JetA, or AVGAS fuel that could 

be present in the ambient air under study and could be the result of airport operations. 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 5 of 39 6/19/2007 

AIRPORT IMPACT AREA VERSUS URBAN BACKGROUND AREA 

The following figure identifies the three sample locations adjacent to the Airport (site 1, 2, and 3) 

and classifies them as “Potential Airport Impact Areas” (yellow shaded oval) and identifies the 

two sample locations remote from the airport (site 4 and 5) and classifies them as “Destin City 

Background” (green shaded oval). This sampling project used the sample data values from sites 

4 and 5 as the urban background to establish the Destin ambient air quality. 

SAMPLING PROJECT FINDINGS 

The following chart identifies the materials or compounds that were detected in one or more 

samples collected at the five sampling station locations. There were 108 organic compounds 

analyzed by the TO-15 laboratory analysis method TO-15 and only eleven organic compounds 

were detected above the laboratory detection limit. This does not mean that the other 97 organic 

compounds were not present in the air samples, it only means that the levels of air concentration 

for those 97 were below the level that the laboratory could confirm by testing methods. In 

addition to the organics, the airport sampling project evaluated the presence of particulate and 

particulate lead in order to evaluate the potential presence of these materials in air in the Destin 

area. 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 6 of 39 6/19/2007 

The following organics were found only in the sample at the Harbor location: Isopropyl alcohol, 

Chlorodifluoromethane, and Propylene. These compounds were not present in any other sample 

and were therefore assumed to be the result of activities unique to the harbor and bay area and 

not associated with airport operations. They were not included in the TOTAL ORGANICS data 

used in this analysis. 

Methylene chloride and hexane were found in only one sample (Indigo Court with the wind out 

of the North). Since these two compounds typically are found in paint or solvent operations, it is 

assumed that their presence at this station with wind out of the north was not the result of airport 

operations since Indigo Court is directly north of the airport. These two compounds also were 

not included in the TOTAL ORGANICS data used in this analysis. 

The only other organic compound with one detected occurrence was carbon disulfide at the EMS 

station (south end of airport) on Tuesday PM when there were variable winds. The source of this 

compound could be airport or mobile sources (auto or truck). Since there was only one sample, 

this compound was not included in the TOTAL ORGANICS data. 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 7 of 39 6/19/2007 

AIRPORT SAMPLING PROJECT IMPACT FINDINGS 

Airport sampling involved three steps. The first was to develop a list of chemicals or materials 

that could predict airport operations. The second was to conduct air sampling at five sample 

locations the week of April 3, 2007. The third was to analyze these samples and determine the 

air concentrations in the air samples collected between Tuesday AM and Saturday PM the week 

of April 3, 2007. 

Air concentrations were analyzed for the following chemical markers assumed to be indicators of 

the use of AVGAS at the Destin Airport: Ethylene Dibromide, Tetra Ethyl Lead, and Lead 

Particulate. Neither ethylene bromide nor tetra ethyl lead was found in any air samples taken at 

any of the five sampling stations. Lead particulate, several organic compounds, and total 

suspended particulate were found in one or more samples at each of the five sample locations. 

Impact of airport operations was evaluated at the five locations by comparing the levels of lead 

particulate, total suspended particulate (TSP) and organic compound concentrations to the levels 

of these substances at the sample station 4 and 5 (urban background). 

Meteorological data to show wind direction during each sample period was obtained from the 

hourly data summary obtained from the NOAA weather station data. This station is located on 

the Destin Airport. Wind direction was from the south during the first day of sampling. The 

impact areas for airport operations for the Tuesday AM and PM sampling are shown in the 

following chart: 

WIND DIRECTION

TUESDAY AM

TAKEOFF DIRECTION

FIGURE 3 - PREDICTED AIRPORT OPERATIONS 

IMPACT AREA – Tuesday – Wind from South

Destin Airport Sampling Area – Destin, Florida
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 8 of 39 6/19/2007 

Wind direction was variable during the sampling event that took place Tuesday PM and 

Wednesday AM. The following chart shows the predicted impact area of airport operations on 

the sampling stations during this variable wind direction period. 

Wind direction during the remainder of the sampling events (Wednesday PM through Saturday 

PM) was from the north. The following chart shows the predicted airport impact areas when the 

wind if from the north. 

TAKEOFF DIRECTION

FIGURE 4 - PREDICTED AIRPORT OPERATIONS 

IMPACT AREA – Tue PM to Wed AM – Wind Variable

WIND

DIRECTION

TUES PM 

WED AM

VARIABLE
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 9 of 39 6/19/2007 

SAMPLING PROJECT HYPOTHESIS 

The following hypotheses were analyzed in this sampling project: 

Hypothesis 1 Airport operations will result in higher air concentrations at sites close to the 

airport versus sites remote from the airport 

Hypothesis 2 There should be higher air concentrations at sites downwind from the airport 

versus upwind of the airport for each specific weather condition 

Hypothesis 3 Airport operations will have little or no impact on sites classified as city 

background (Station 4 Buck Destin Park or Station 5 Harbor Road) unless those 

sites are directly downwind from airport operations. 

Hypothesis 4 Airport operations during the daytime (7am to 7pm) will result in higher air 

concentrations than nighttime operations (7pm to 7am) due to more flight 

operation during the day 

SAMPLING PROJECT VARIABLES 

Data was collected at each sample site and was analyzed for the sampling project based on the 

following variables: 

1. Presence or absence of a contaminant at a sample site 

2. Concentration of contaminant at a sample site (assumes presence at the sample site of 

data above the analytical detection method from the laboratory analysis) 

3. AM versus PM 

4. IMPACT by airport operations versus NO IMPACT from airport operations 

5. WIND DIRECTON 

Air samples were analyzed by Atmospheric Analysis and Consulting, Inc. and the detailed 

results of the air concentrations by sample are included in Appendix 7 of this report. Summaries 

of the data by sample site are listed in Appendix 5, Tables 3, 4, and 5 (for particulate matter, 

particulate lead, and total organic compounds respectively). The four hypothesis identified 

above were evaluated using the Microsoft® Office Excel data analysis program t-distribution 

analysis. The t-distribution statistical method identifies the probability associated with a 

Student's t-Test and is used to determine whether two samples are likely to have come from the 

same two underlying populations that have the same mean (or average). 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 10 of 39 6/19/2007 

DISCUSSION OF SAMPLING RESULTS 

The following nine charts show the relation of the sample results by station and by variable. 

Discussion for each chart follows: 

CHART 1 - Total Suspended Particulate (Dust) AIR ANALYSIS

Variables - All Hours - AIRPORT IMPACT versus NO AIRPORT IMPACT

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Misty Way Indigo EMS - Airport Rd Buck Destin Park Harbor

Station

TSP Concentration (ug/m3

)

ALL HOURS - IMPACT FROM AIRPORT ALL HOURS - NO IMPACT FROM AIRPORT

Destin Day/Night Background

The urban background concentration of particulate in the ambient air is based on the sample 

value average of 30.6 micrograms of total suspended particulate per cubic meter of air based on 

Station 4 (Buck Destin Park) and Station 5 (Harbor). 

This chart compares two variables AIRPORT IMPACT versus NO IMPACT. The following 

lists the criteria for IMPACT versus NO IMPACT: 

IMPACT by AIRPORT on a sample station was considered if: 

• Wind blowing TOWARD the sample station and airport operations UPWIND of station 

(Neither Station 4 or 5 were impacted by wind blowing from the airport toward those 

stations), or 

• Variable wind conditions that were included in the IMPACT column for data comparison 

(See data tables in Appendix 5) 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 11 of 39 6/19/2007 

NO IMPACT by AIRPORT on a sample station was considered if: 

• Wind blowing TOWARD the sample station and airport operations DOWNWIND from 

station (Neither Station 4 or 5 were impacted by wind blowing from the airport toward 

those stations), or 

• Variable wind conditions that were included in the IMPACT column for data comparison 

(See data tables in Appendix 5) 

There were no wind conditions that did not result in impact by airport operations on Station 1 

Misty Way or Station 3 EMS station. Therefore, there is no brown colored bar of NO IMPACT 

data for those two stations. Station 2 did have sampling occur during a period classified as NO 

IMPACT; therefore, there is a double bar on the Station 2 Indigo location for both observed 

conditions. 

The conclusion from the above chart is that for particulate, Station 1 and 3 are impacted above 

the urban background concentration (Station 4 and 5) but Station 2 was impacted less. From the 

limited data collected during this sampling program the particulate observed at station 2 was the 

same for IMAPCT versus NO IMPACT by airport operations and was in fact lower than the 

downtown and Harbor average for Destin background. 

CHART 4 - LEAD PARTICULATE AIR ANALYSIS

Variables - ALL HOURS - Airport IMPACT versus NO Airport IMPACT

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

Misty Way Indigo EMS - Airport Rd Buck Destin Park Harbor

Station

Lead Concentration (ng/m3

)

ALL HOURS - IMPACT FROM AIRPORT ALL HOURS - NO IMPACT FROM AIRPORT

Destin Day/Night Background
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 12 of 39 6/19/2007 

The chart (4) above shows that for particulate lead, the three stations close to the airport show 

higher levels of lead concentration than the background at station 4 and 5. Since lead is one key 

indicator of the use and combustion of AVGAS at the airport, the conclusion that can be drawn 

from the chart above is that lead is present above background levels around the airport when the 

wind conditions direct airport air toward the sample location. 

To put the above values in perspective with regard to health risk, the average background for 

lead in the air samples was 2.5 nanograms per cubic meter. The EPA has established the 

national ambient air quality standard for lead in air of 1500 nanograms per cubic meter. 

Therefore, the lead content in the air in and around Destin is much lower than the NAAQS 

standards. 

According the data from the US EPA EPCRA database for toxic air emissions, lead and lead 

particulate is emitted into the air from Elgin Air Force Base. These emissions are documented in 

the FORM R report listed in Appendix 12. There has been no analysis to determine if sources of 

lead north of Destin contribute to the background concentration of 2.5 ng/M3 but the background 

lead concentration for all stations at night with a wind from the south is 1.5 ng/M3, which 

indicates that there may be more contribution to the Destin background from winds from the 

North. 

CHART 7 - TOTAL ORGANICS AIR ANALYSIS

Variables - ALL HOURS - Airport IMPACT versus NO Airport IMPACT

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

140.0

Misty Way Indigo EMS - Airport Rd Buck Destin Park Harbor

Station

Total Organics Concentration (ug/m3

)

ALL HOURS - IMPACT FROM AIRPORT ALL HOURS - NO IMPACT FROM AIRPORT

Destin Day/Night Background
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 13 of 39 6/19/2007 

Total organics listed in the chart above include 5 of the 12 materials detected in the Summa ® 

canister air samples (analyzed by method TO-15). The other seven chemicals or compounds 

were not considered because they were not present at more than two locations or they could not 

(due to wind direction) have been contributed to the air under study by the airport operations. 

Organic concentrations around the airport (IMPACT) are statistically similar to the background 

concentration. Further study is needed to obtain more data points at these locations to 

definitively conclude that airport operations contribute more organics than observed just from the 

background. 

CHART 2 - Total Suspended Particulate (Dust) AIR ANALYSIS

Variables - AM versus PM - Airport IMPACT - Stations 1, 2, 3

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

Misty Way Indigo EMS - Airport Rd

Station

TSP Concentration (ug/m3

)

AM - IMPACT FROM AIRPORT and OPERATIONS PM - IMPACT FROM AIRPORT and OPERATIONS

Destin Day Background

Destin Night Background

Chart 2 shows higher than background day and night PM for the variable airport impact. Indigo 

and EMS show lower night impact from background and a mixed impact from day impact. 

Again more study data is needed to refine this conclusion.
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 14 of 39 6/19/2007 

CHART 5 - LEAD PARTICULATE AIR ANALYSIS

Variables - AIRPORT IMPACT - AM versus PM (Stations 1, 2, 3)

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

Misty Way Indigo EMS - Airport Rd

Station

Lead Concentration (ng/m3

)

AM - IMPACT FROM AIRPORT and OPERATIONS PM - IMPACT FROM AIRPORT and OPERATIONS

Destin Day Background

Destin Night Background

Lead particulate was higher than background in samples around the airport based on the variable 

IMPACT by AIRPORT operations. Since the only sample station with night AIRPORT 

IMPACT was Misty Way, the observation of higher day versus night lead levels is consistent 

with higher daytime airport flight operations versus night. 

What is interesting about this data set is the night airport impact values are lower than the night 

background at stations 4 and 5. 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 15 of 39 6/19/2007 

CHART 8 - TOTAL ORGANICS AIR ANALYSIS

Variables - IMPACT from Airport - AM versus PM

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

140.0

Misty Way Indigo EMS - Airport Rd

Station

Total Organics Concentration (ug/m3

)

AM - IMPACT FROM AIRPORT and OPERATIONS PM - IMPACT FROM AIRPORT and OPERATIONS

Destin Day Background

Destin Night 

Background

Chart 8 Total Organics shows slightly higher organics than background during the day with the 

variable IMPACT by airport and higher than background at night with the exception of Airport 

Road at night. 

As observed in the body of this report, the only two organics that were predictors of airport 

operations were tetra ethyl lead and ethylene Dibromide. Neither one were found in the study 

samples. Consequently, organics data is useful but not an absolute predictor of impact by airport 

operations. 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 16 of 39 6/19/2007 

CHART 3 - Total Suspended Particulate (Dust) AIR ANALYSIS

Variables - All Hours - WIND form NORTH versus WIND from SOUTH

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

Misty Way Indigo EMS - Airport Rd Buck Destin Park Harbor

Station

TSP Concentration (ug/m

3

)

ALL HOURS - Wind from North including variable ALL HOURS - Wind from the South including variable

Destin Day/Night Background

Chart 3, wind from the north versus wind from the south (all hours) does not show a pattern 

consistent with airport location in relation to the sample station. 

CHART 6 - LEAD PARTICULATE AIR ANALYSIS

Variables - ALL HOURS - WIND from NORTH versus WIND from SOUTH

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

Misty Way Indigo EMS - Airport Rd Buck Destin Park Harbor

Station

Lead Concentration (ng/m

3

)

ALL HOURS - Wind from North including variable ALL HOURS - Wind from the South including variable

Destin Day/Night Background
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 17 of 39 6/19/2007 

Chart 6 shows a marked difference in lead observed at the EMS station with wind from the north 

versus wind from the south. This can be attributed to the potential of lead particulate from 

airport operations impacting the station because it is immediately downwind from the airport and 

most of the wind direction during the study was from the north. 

Night wind from the south is almost half the wind from the north at the urban background station 

4 and 5. This may be the result of cleaner air from the Gulf (winds from south) versus other 

sources north of Destin that may contribute to the Destin air quality when the wind is from the 

north.

CHART 9 - TOTAL ORGANICS AIR ANALYSIS

Variables - ALL HOURS - WIND from NORTH versus WIND from SOUTH

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

140.0

Misty Way Indigo EMS - Airport Rd Buck Destin Park Harbor

Station

Total Organics Concentration (ug/m3

)

ALL HOURS - Wind from North including variable ALL HOURS - Wind from the South including variable

Destin Day/Night Background

Chart 9 shows that the organics measured in the air samples vary by location. Since Buck Destin 

Park and the Harbor are not impacted by the airport, the data shown above indicates that there 

are sources of organics in Destin that generally contribute to the ambient background and that 

they vary at the stations 4 and 5 as much as they vary at the three sites adjacent to the airport. 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 18 of 39 6/19/2007 

STATISTICAL DISCUSSION OF SAMPLING RESULTS 

This section of the executive summary describes the statistical approach and the evaluation of 

data obtained in this sampling project at the Destin Airport. 

SAMPLING PROJECT COMPARISON REFERENCE 

The air concentrations at each of the five sample sites were summarized into one of the following 

fourteen data sets for purposes of comparing those fourteen combinations of variables to the 

urban background data from site 4 and 5. Note, site 4 (Buck Destin Park) and site 5 (Harbor 

Road) were identified as urban background for this study. 

Project Data Set Number 

In addition to comparing the fourteen data sets (listed in the above chart) to the urban 

background air concentration, the sampling project data was also used to compare each pair of 

data sets to each other to see if there was a statistical difference between the variables under 

review. Differences can then be used to identify whether specific variables indicate airport air 

impact. The following seven data pairs were statistically compared as part of this project 

sampling analysis. 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 19 of 39 6/19/2007 

STATISTICAL SAMPLING PROJECT RESULTS 

The following chart (See Appendix 5) shows the t-Test results for the comparison of the fourteen 

data sets to the urban background air concentration for each of the three air pollutant families 

reviewed (total suspended particulate [TSP], lead particulate, and total organic compounds): 

The chart shows the probability that the air concentration, for each data set 1 thru 14, is from the 

same air sample as the urban background air concentration. For example there is a 1% chance 

that “Lead Particulate” concentration measured in the urban background sites (4 and 5) is from 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 20 of 39 6/19/2007 

the same air sample as the “Lead Particulate” concentrations measured in samples with the data 

set of variables “Night” and “Wind from the South”. Highlighted cells in the above chart show a 

less than 25% likelihood that the data set air sample is the same as the urban background. 

The following chart shows the t-Test results for the comparison of the seven paired data sets. 

These results identify the probability that the each of the paired data sets are from the same air 

population. Lower probability (less than 25%) likelihood that the condition 1 and condition 2 

data set are from the same air sample are highlighted in the following chart. 

In the above chart, a high probability indicates that there is no statistical difference between the 

air concentration from the air sample in condition 1 versus the air sample in condition 2 (for each 

paired data set). It is interesting to note that there is only a 2% probability that at NIGHT, lead 

concentrations from NORTH WIND air samples are the same as lead concentrations from air 

samples from the SOUTH WIND data set. 

Data from this analysis indicates that lead particulate air concentrations (Appendix 5, Table 4) 

associated with the variables “Night and Wind from South” was 1.4 nanograms per cubic meter 

and the value for “Night and Wind from the North” was 2.5 nanograms per cubic meter. The tTest indicates that there is a very low probability (2%) that these two air samples are the same. 

The actual average air concentration in micrograms per cubic for each family of pollutant (TSP, 

lead, organics) and each data set of variables is included in the following three charts labeled 

TSP Statistical Analysis, Lead Statistical Analysis, and Total Organics Statistical Analysis. The 

average air concentration of the condition 1 variable is included in column 2 and the average air 

concentration of condition 2 is included in column 4, for each chart. The t-Test compared 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 21 of 39 6/19/2007 

column 2 versus column 4 air sample averages in order to develop the probability that these two 

conditions represent air samples from the same population of air. 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 22 of 39 6/19/2007 

The TSP (particulate) STATISTICAL ANALYSIS data in the chart above indicates that only the 

first two rows (of a total of 21 data sets evaluated) of data sets have less than 25% chance that 

the particulate measured in the air sample for condition 1 is from the same air as the air sample 

in condition 2. 

The conclusion that can be drawn from this chart is that 19 of the 21 data sets evaluated 

statistically indicate a high likelihood that the air sample in condition 1 is the same as condition 2

with respect to particulate concentration. 
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June 19, 2007 

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The above chart shows that 11 of the 21 data sets analyzed (statistically by t-Test) have a 24% 

chance or less that the air sample in condition 1 is the same air as the air sample in condition 2 

(for each pair of data). 

With respect to airport operations, the data indicates that there is only a 12% chance that the 

daytime lead particulate in the air sample related to the variable “AM IMPACT from airport” 

[value 0.0038 micrograms per cubic meter] is from the same air population as the urban 

background. This means that there is a 7 in 8 chance that the airport is having an impact on the 

locations adjacent to the airport during daytime flight operations for lead particulate. 
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June 19, 2007 

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The TOTAL ORGANICS STATISTICAL data in the above chart indicate that only 4 of 21 data 

sets have 25% or less chance that the air samples in condition 1 are the same as condition 2 for 

each sample data set statistically compared by the t-Test. 
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Prepared for the City of Destin, Florida 

June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 25 of 39 6/19/2007 

AIR IMPACT CRITERIA DISCUSSION 

Due to the limited number of air samples taken and the short duration of the air sampling 

program, the data is not reliable to predict or characterize long term ambient air quality in and 

around Destin. In order to put the data in perspective with regard to regulatory standards for risk 

exposure, Tetra Tech has prepared the following tables to show the highest air concentration 

observed during the sampling versus national and regulatory standards and ODOR 

STANDARDS. There two sets of charts; one for ODOR using concentration units of parts per 

million (PPM) and micrograms per cubic meter (ug/M3) and one for regulatory standards again 

in units of PPM and ug/M3. Details are presented in Appendix 14. 

The only compound that was above a regulatory or health standard was the methylene chloride 

(highlighted Appendix 14 Table 2) observed only in one sample on only one day at the station 4 

(Indigo) location. Previous discussion indicated that hexane was also observed at the same 

station and same sample time as the methylene chloride. Since the wind was from the north that 

day and at that station, the assumption is that solvent or painting operations were occurring north 

of the Indigo station and the chemicals were carried by the wind toward the station. 

Tables 2 and 3 show the maximum detectable concentrations in the air sampling project 

compared to the following agency standards: EPA Region 9 PRGs, the ASTDR MRLs, and the 

National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The maximum Methylene Chloride concentration 

exceeded the EPA Region 9 PRG by nearly a factor of four, but it was below the ASTDR MRLs 

by a factor of approximately 150. The other standards were not exceeded by any of the 

maximum detectable concentrations. 

Tables 4 and 4 show the odor thresholds obtained from several sources compared to the 

maximum detectable concentrations in the air sampling project. The sources and the odor 

thresholds are shown in Table 4 and Table 5. The maximum acetone concentration exceeded the 

lowest number in the range that AIHA reported by 15%, however, the maximum acetone 

concentration did not exceed the highest number in the AIHA range. None of the other 

maximum concentrations exceeded the odor thresholds shown in Tables 4 and 5. 
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Acetone was observed to be above the odor threshold listed by AIHA and listed in the following 

chart. Acetone was the only organic found in the TO-15 sampling of detected chemicals that 

was observed to be above any odor threshold. 

No odor study was conducted to determine if petroleum odors from fuel use and dispensing at 

the airport migrate beyond the airport boundary during wind conditions that would have carried 

them to one of the sample stations. 

Review of the data from the US EPA EPCRA list of sources that emitted acetone indicate that 

there are facilities in the area that have acetone emissions. This data is included in Appendix 13 

for reference. No conclusion has been drawn regarding whether the industrial sources of acetone 

versus the airport were the major contributor of acetone in the Destin background air samples. 
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June 19, 2007 

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SAMPLING PROJECT METHODOLOGY DISCUSSION 

Tetra Tech reviewed several airport air studies and determined that the following list of target 

substances would provide data to characterize the presence or absence of chemicals typically 

associated with plane side or ground side airport operations. The initial sampling project review 

included a detailed analysis of valid methods to obtain data, confirmation of appropriate and 

approved sampling methods, confirmation of laboratory analytical methods and internal quality 

control reports from the laboratory to validate the chemicals observed from the sampling event, 

identification of calibrated sampling equipment, and identification of competent technical 

support for conducting the operational sampling. The following table summarizes that initial 

investigation and identifies accepted EPA methods for analyzing the target substances. 

INITIAL SAMPLING PROJECT RECOMMENDATION 

Summer 2006 

Compound Aviation Fuel 

Marker 

Appropriate 

Analytical 

Laboratory 

Test Method 

Minimum Test 

Period (Hours)

Test 

Equipment or 

Monitoring 

Method 

Tetraethyl lead Yes TO-15 12 hr 

Ethylene dibromide Yes TO-15 12 hr 

VOC’s (including 

HAPS)*1 

No TO-15 12 hr 

Summa 

Canister with 

Limiting 

Orifice 

(at 12-hr) 

Lead (particulate) Yes EPA IO-3.5 12 hr 

PAHs*2 Yes TO-13A 12 hr 

High Volume 

Air Pump and 

Filter 

Acrolein Yes TO-11A 12 hr Low Volume 

Air Pump and 

DNPH 

Cartridge 

*1 – VOCs are volatile organic compounds that are known to contribute to the formation 

of ozone which is listed as a NAAQS. HAPs are hazardous air pollutants that are 

considered air toxics and harmful to the health of exposed populations and the 

environment. 

*2 - PAH (Polnuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon) 

Tetra Tech determined that the expected concentration of PAHs in the ambient air as a result of 

airplane operations at the Destin Airport was not cost effective within the fee structure of the 

sampling project. Tetra Tech’s review of airport data, fuel data, and discussions with Dr. Sucha 

Parmer (Atmospheric Analysis and Testing Inc.) resulted in dropping PAHs and acrolein from 

the initial sampling project. Initially these two substances were considered probable target 

substances that may be expected to be present in aviation fuel combustion versus the result of 

gasoline, diesel, or urban activities in and around Destin that may release these compounds. 
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June 19, 2007 

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Lead particulate was chosen as the likely indicator of the use of AVGAS (or airplane fuel 

specifically formulated for internal combustion propeller driven planes). See the discussion and 

details of AVGAS and JETA in Appendix 13 for reference. In addition to sampling for lead 

compounds as particulate, the sampling project also collected air samples of particulate to 

determine if airport operations were impacting sites differently. 

For purposes of this analysis, the Destin urban ambient air concentration or background was 

identified as the total day and night air concentrations for each material (TSP, lead, and total 

organics) at sample station 4 (Buck Destin Park) and station 5 (Harbor Road). 

The final sampling project implementation test plan was developed along with a testing program 

to obtain multiple day samples (where airport impact was expected to be higher than night time 

sample periods). The detailed sampling plan is presented in Appendix 1 along with figures 

showing sample locations and impact areas. 

This final sampling project test plan implemented April 3-7 is presented in the following chart: 

FINAL SAMPLING PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION TEST PLAN 

April 2007 

Compound Aviation Fuel 

Marker 

Appropriate 

Analytical 

Laboratory 

Test Method 

Minimum Test 

Period (Hours) 

Test 

Equipment or 

Monitoring 

Method 

Tetraethyl lead Yes AVGAS 

Not JET A 

TO-15 10 hr 

Ethylene dibromide Yes AVGAS 

Not JET A 

TO-15 10 hr 

VOC’s (including 

HAPS)*1 

No TO-15 10 hr 

Summa Canister 

with Limiting 

Orifice 

(at 12-hr) 

Lead (particulate) Yes AVGAS 

Not JET A 

EPA IO-3.5 12 hr 

Total Suspended 

Particulate 

Airport 

Ground Side 

Operations 

EPA IO 2.1 12 hr 

High Volume 

Air Pump and 

Filter 
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June 19, 2007 

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SAMPLING PROJECT ASSUMPTIONS 

The sampling project assumptions were used to develop, implement, and analyze the data from 

the Destin Airport sampling project: 

• Airport operations result in the release of air contaminants into the atmosphere 

including organics and particulates. 

• Activity in and around Destin also result in the release of air contaminants into the 

atmosphere again including organics and particulates. 

• Specific chemical markers related to airplane internal combustion engine 

operation are know to be different than chemicals present in the community 

resulting from combustion operations by automobiles, trucks, and other fixed and 

mobile sources of pollutants. 

• AVGAS used only in internal combustion propeller driven airplanes (not jets) 

contains the chemical additives tetra ethyl lead and ethylene Dibromide and when 

combusted will potentially result in lead compounds as part of the airplanes 

exhaust gas. These lead compounds can be used as chemical markers of airport 

operations since lead is not expected car and truck exhausts (gasoline does not 

contain lead). 

• Air concentrations of airport operation “Chemical Markers” will be higher at the 

sites adjacent to the airport versus the presence of these chemical markers at city 

background sites. 

• Sample sites located downwind from airport operations are classified as 

“Impacted” by airport operations. 

• Sample sites located upwind from airport operations are classified as “Not 

Impacted” by airport operations. 

• Sample sites located adjacent to the airport during variable wind direction are 

considered to be “Impacted” by the airport for purposes of this sampling project. 

• The sampling project hypothesis was evaluated using the “t distribution” or t-test 

statistic for sample site data averages (means). The test was used to determine the 

probability that the sample results for a specific site are from the same “sample 

population” as the Destin City Background sample sites of the Harbor and Buck 

Park. The “t distribution” statistical method was used because the number of 

samples was less than 30 in each case and the population standard deviation was 

not known. 

• Sample sites 1, 2, and 3 were located adjacent to the airport and included a 

residence at Misty Way, Buck Park, and a residence at Indigo Court. 

• Sample sites 4 and 5 were located at a distance from the airport and were chosen 

to be the non-impact urban background and ambient conditions. 

• Sample collection methods followed US EPA methods for particulate and 

organics. 
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June 19, 2007 

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• Sample materials and filters validated by either duplicate summa® samples or 

filter field blank analysis. 

• Sample control and integrity was confirmed by use of chain of custody. 

• Sampling operations were conducted by qualified personnel and no deviations 

from method were observed. 

• Meteorological data for wind direction was obtained from the National Oceanic 

and Atmospheric Administration data base for Destin Beach Airport (station No. 

53853). 

• Over 150 internal combustion propeller planes and jet engine driven planes 

landed and took off during each of the daytime sampling project sample periods 

as confirmed by the Destin airport flight log. 

 

SAMPLE COLLECTION 

Air samples were collected in one high-volume air sampler (General Metal Works Model 

GL1000/H TSP) and one Summa ® canister with a 12-hour limiting orifice at each of the five 

sample locations. These locations are discussed in detail in the body of this report and can be 

seen in Figure 1 – Destin Airport sampling project Sample Site Locations. The sampling project 

collected six 12-hour particulate samples and seven 10-hour organic compound samples from 

each of five sites in and around the Destin airport. The testing period started Tuesday at 7:00 am 

on April 3, 2007 and concluded on Saturday April 7, 2007 at approximately 7:00 pm. The 

sampling project plan included taking concurrent particulate and organic samples at each site but 

due to test equipment configuration, the organics sample period was only 10 hours versus the 

particulate (total suspended particulate and lead particulate). 

AIRPORT CHEMICAL MARKERS 

The airport fueling operation provides ExxonMobil JetA fuel for jets and AVGAS (ExxonMobil 

100LL) for internal combustion propeller driven aircraft. This data was confirmed by both 

information from the Destin Airport website and staff at the airport. The AVGAS 100LL has 

two additives to prevent cylinder fouling in internal combustion engines used on propeller driven 

airplanes. AVGAS is used only in internal combustion propeller-driven aircraft and its 

combustion air emissions and release into the environment are different than the emissions of jet 

fuel, gasoline, or diesel fuel. 

Therefore, the two additives, tetra ethyl lead, and ethylene dibromide were considered "chemical 

markers" for purposes of this sampling project to differentiate air concentrations (based on fuel 

use and combustion emissions) between planes and general ground based vehicles (cars, trucks, 

lawnmowers, etc.) or urban background. 

In addition to these two chemical markers, there was an expectation that lead particulate could be 

present as a result of use of AVGAS. Lead is not an additive to gasoline, JetA (kerosene), or 

diesel fuel; therefore, lead compounds found in air samples would distinguish airport operations 
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June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 33 of 39 6/19/2007 

from general Destin city activity. All samples were analyzed for these chemical markers to 

determine whether or not the chemical markers were present. 

Thirty-five six-liter Summa canister samples were collected and analyzed for volatile organic 

compounds (VOCs), including ethylene dibromide, and tetra ethyl lead (EPA T0-15 method). 

Thirty samples were collected on quartz filters using high-volume pumps. Thirty samples plus 

one blank were analyzed for lead using EPA Method IO-3.5 Metals in Ambient Particulate 

Matter by ICP/MS and total suspended particulate by PM-10 (Gravimetric). 

DESTIN AIRPORT DATA 

The Airport is owned by Okaloosa County and has one 5,000 foot runway with a 142 degree or 

322 degree heading. This small publicly owned airport is not certified for air operations under 

FAR Part 139, nor is it permitted to conduct international operations. According to recent airport 

operational statistics, the airport serves 61 aircraft based at the field (37 single engine, 22 multi 

engine, and 2 jet aircraft). There were a reported 63,000 total operations at the field per year 

consisting of 600 air taxi operations, 15,400 local general aviation, 46,700 transient general 

aviation, and 300 military operations. This is an average of 172 flight operations per day. 

Airport operations include landings, takeoffs, taxing, and ground operations that include fueling 

the aircraft. 

SAMPLING FIELD OPERATIONS DISCUSSION 

TRC Environmental Corporation was contracted by Tetra Tech, Inc., to ensure that the air 

sampling equipment and the samples were handled according to EPA protocols. TRC was 

responsible for the setup, calibration, operation, and management of the sampling equipment, as 

well as the filter media exchanges. Tetra Tech, Inc. personnel provided support to TRC in these 

efforts. TRC prepared a report discussing the sampling event and it is included in Appendix 2. 

The report also includes data sheets and the calibration information. 

The Chain of Custody records (COCs) located at the beginning of Appendix 7 are correct. Some 

of the COCs located in the detailed pages of Appendix 7 were modified subsequent to the 

submittal of samples to the lab. The lab’s COC changes were in response to a few filter labels 

inadvertently being given incorrect sample identification prefixes after a change in the sampling 

schedule. 
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June 19, 2007 

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WIND DIRECTION DISCUSSION 

When determining the wind direction for each sampling period (10 or 12-hour periods), the 

predominant wind direction was chosen. In two of the twelve-hour periods, the wind direction 

varied so much that there was no predominant wind direction. In those situations, the wind 

direction was identified in the data worksheets as “VARIABLE.” 

If the analysis data set included wind direction as a parameter under consideration, the air sample 

average and statistical analysis included the variable data set in each column. For example, if the 

column heading was AM WIND FROM NORTH versus AM WIND FROM SOUTH, the days 

and samples that had variable wind direction would have a value entered into both columns to 

account for the possible condition that the data should be represented by each wind direction. 

SAMPLING LOCATION PICTURES 

The Sampling Station Location Map is included as Figure 2 in Appendix 1. Pictures of all 

sampling stations are included in Appendix 3 with summary pictures included as follows: 

Station 1 - located in a neighborhood to the west of, and adjacent to, the airport’s fueling area. 

Misty Way, Destin, Florida 
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Station 2 - located in a neighborhood to the north of, and adjacent to, the airport runway. 

 Indigo Circle, Destin, Florida 

Station 3 – located at an emergency services facility to the south of, and adjacent to, the airport 

runway. 

Okaloosa County EMS, 1193 Airport Road, Destin, Florida 

Note that this is located at the south end of the airport runway. Runway is shown in the distance. 
Destin Airport – Final Air Sampling Report 

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June 19, 2007 

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Station 4 - located in a public park near downtown Destin, Florida and to the west of the airport. 

Dewey “Buck” Destin Park, 724 Legion Drive, Destin, Florida 

Station 5 – located at a residential area at Destin Harbor to the west of the airport. 

. 

210 Harbor Boulevard, Destin Florida 
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June 19, 2007 

FINAL REPORT- Destin Airport Page 37 of 39 6/19/2007 

APPENDIX DETAILS 

Tetra Tech has prepared and included reference materials in the following fourteen appendices. 

Details of data included in each appendix follow. 

Appendix 1 - Sampling Station Figures 

The five sampling locations, their respective addresses, and the numbering system for the 

stations are shown on a Sampling Station Location Map and a USGS topographic map. Figures 

are included in the appendix to show the predicted airport impact sites based upon the wind 

directions recorded by NOAA. 

Appendix 2 – Field Operations Sample Report 

The TRC Final Field Data Report and the TRC Final Field Data Report Supporting Appendices

document the set-up, calibration, and operation of the field equipment used in sampling; the filter 

media exchanges; the procedures and analysis used for sampling; and the field data validation. 

Appendix 3 – Station Photographs – March Site Visit and April Sampling 

Prior to the sampling project, photographs were taken at each of the sampling stations from 

several directions to show the layout of the site. Photographs of each station, taken during the 

sampling project, are included to equipment locations for each station. 

Appendix 4 – Methods Reference and Sample Equipment Data 

The letter from Dr. Sucha S. Parmar, President of Atmospheric Analysis & Consulting, Inc., 

discusses byproducts from aviation fuel. Dr. Parmar has expertise in airport studies and the 

associated sampling and laboratory analyses. Dr. Parmar’s consultation helped to create the 

framework for the Destin Airport Sampling Project. The appendix includes general 

specifications for the high volume air samplers used in the sampling project. 

Appendix 5 – Laboratory Data Analyses Spreadsheets and Charts 

Excel spreadsheets show the manner in which the laboratory data was sorted and compared for 

determining conclusions in the airport sampling project. Spreadsheets were created for each 

compound that was detected in the laboratory samples. Summary spreadsheets and detailed 

statistical analyses spreadsheets show the conditions, probabilities, and the statistical analyses 

conducted in the airport sampling project. Charts 1 to 9 illustrate the Airport Impact versus No 

Airport Impact. The data used to create the charts is included in spreadsheets within the 

appendix. 

Appendix 6 – Testing Lab References – Atmospheric Analysis & Consulting, Inc. 

A resume for Dr. Sucha Parmar is located in the appendix to provide information regarding his 

expertise. 

Appendix 7 – Laboratory Reports 

This appendix includes the laboratory reports, chains-of-custody records, and supporting 

documentation for analysis of the samples collected in this sampling project. 
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June 19, 2007 

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The samples for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and total suspended particulate (TSP) by 

gravimetric analyses were analyzed by Atmospheric Analysis & Consulting, Inc. (AAC). The 

laboratory report package for VOCs and TSP includes: 

 data certification letter 

 sample receipt/log-in report 

 canister pressure log for the summa canisters 

 laboratory analysis reports 

 quality control/quality assurance reports 

 quantitation reports 

The lead samples were analyzed by American Environmental Testing Laboratory, Inc., a 

laboratory that was subcontracted by AAC for the lead analyses. The laboratory report package 

includes: 

 certified results with summary of all the QA/QC data 

 field data 

 initial calibration data 

 sample data 

 standard and sample preparation worksheets 

Appendix 8 – Destin Airport Aviation Flight Log April 3-8, 2007 

The Aviation Flight Log for the Destin Airport was provided by Miracle Strip Aviation and 

provides a record of the air traffic data for the sampling time period. The Aviation Flight Log 

includes such information as the number of flights, the flight timing, and the type of aircraft 

flown. This information was used in determining the relevance of the air traffic to the laboratory 

results. 

Appendix 9 – NOAA Climatological Data April 1-9, 2007 

The Field Data Chart provides information regarding the format of the daily table in the NOAA 

data. The NOAA data is an hourly record of the climate conditions as collected at the Destin 

Airport from April 1-9, 2007. The wind directions recorded in the NOAA data was used in the 

analyses of the sampling results. 

Appendix 10 – Sample Collection and Analysis Methods 

The testing schedule used in the sampling project is included in the appendix. The testing 

schedule shows the sampling stations, the sample identification numbers, analyses, and the 

scheduling for the sample collection. The EPA methods used for sample collection and analysis 

are included for reference. 

EPA Method for VOC: 

Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient Air, 

Second Edition, Compendium method TO-15, Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds 

(VOC) in Air Collected in Specially-Prepared Canisters And Analyzed By Gas 

Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, January, 1999 
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EPA Method for Lead, Particular Matter: 

Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Inorganic Compounds in Ambient Air 

Compendium Method IO-3.5 Determination of Metals in Ambient Particulate Matter Using 

Inductively Coupled Plasma/Mass Spectrometry, June, 1999 

EPA Method for TSPM and PM-10: 

Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Inorganic Compounds in Ambient Air, 

Chapter IO-3, Chemical Species Analysis of filter-collected suspended particulate matter (SPM) 

– Overview, June, 1999. 

Appendix 11 - Sampling Site Use Permission Forms 

By signature, property owners or their representatives granted permission for the use of their 

property for placement of air sampling stations, under the terms and conditions specified on the 

form. Copies of the signed Air Monitoring Property Access Approval Forms are included in 

Appendix 11 to indicate that the approval was granted for each sampling station. 

Appendix 12 – US EPA Toxic Release Inventory Data (Lead and Acetone) 

The lead and acetone Toxic Release Inventory Data, reported for facilities in the vicinity of the 

airport, were used in the analyses of the sampling project results. 

Appendix 13 – Aviation Fuel Reference Data 

Reference data for the aviation fuel used at Destin Airport has been included in the appendix as a 

reference. 

Appendix 14 – Air Impact Criteria 

The odor thresholds, air quality standards, chemical exposure limits, and cancer risk assessment 

exposure limits, used for comparison to the sample results, are included in this appendix. 

Additional information regarding the agency standards and odor thresholds is included for 

reference.