Business Library 

CLASS, _____ _ 

BOOK __________ _ 

DOC. ftOOM 


OFFICE OF NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION 

DIVISION OF REVIEW 

THE PRESIDENT'S REEMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT 

By 

H. Conrad Hoover 

WORK MATERIALS # 82 

NRA ORGANIZATtON STUDIES SECTION 

MARCH , 1936 

9819 

0.!! ~ ICE 01! l~AriOlJ AL .i-J!,CUV .hY _.Jll H1I Th.ATH.Jt-1 

DIVISI ON 01~ rtEVIEVv 

By 

H. nr~d Hoover 

NRA OEGAriZATi m S'IU:JI.B;S Sl::C riON 

u!.ARCI;I 1 936 
A 

By . . . 
FO.h wO.RD 

'Ihi study 01. ''The Fr e id t Is ReGm loyment ur e 'lGn " n :.s ~' c rtd 

,..i lli em "; . _ t=~ rd sley in ht=~ ge. 

rrhe Agreement '" r ent e r e d in to by !,lor than t r·o million empl oye r s 

as e ~te in the r employment . r ogr "'u .ini tie t ·d by the t atione'll Industriel 

Recovt. ry Act . This r e-p0 rt t r i:F1t s o'!.' tne lv:;reement i n considerC~bl e det, i l , 

includin di scussicn of its deYelo·pncnt , tl:e -p r obl ems of i ts administr ation , 

and the or g?ni z ti on e s tcblished by the N8tionfll Recove ry Administrflti on 

to handle the EIO'nin ist r ·::. t i ve de t ? ils. ~c-in conclusi ons and r ecommendat ions , f ound i n Chapter YI I, ?nd Ar:rpe:1d ix I su0 ·est a r ec:1s for f urther 

re search , 

In the fell of 1 933 , e c ensus rres t&l{8n vrhi ch shmc;e d striking response 

on the p?rt of industry ···i t h r e spect to en incr ee se i n employment and 

payrolls~ Wo r k materials ~ 83 , '' l.n Ana l rsis of the PRA Census'', by 

Mr . Max Sasuly, s ets for h in ~ue nti+ptiv e ter os the extent of this 

response . 

At the back of this r eport Pi, l be f ound a orief statement of t he 

studies undertaken by tl1~Di is io n 1f Rev i ev'., 

Dir e c to r, Divisi on ofRev ie ~ 

Mar ch 19, 1936 

9819 - i -
Digitized by the Internet Archive 

in 2013 

http://archive.org/details/presidentsr36unit 
G n e r l Be i \1 ••..•••••••••..•••.•.••.•.. • ••••••••..•..•.. vii. i 

In troduc tio!'1 . ............ .. .. , . ...... . ................... . i x 

Cht•pt c r I , the 'fresi ~·r.t c- t rnrlo ·:rutlt ? 1·o.; ·a :; ............... . 

I. .Ad!'lini ·trption }'or I lC.:.ustri <.l .r. covery •.. ....... . .... l 

1 

1 

l 

1 

• ~dmi ni nt r~tor Eor I dustri c l hecovery .... . .... . . 

B. Special I ndustri pl .n ::-over.y )O?I d ••.........•..• 

1 . 01" i i ..................... . ............... . 

C c Acts Ferfor~e d Fert in~ 0 t he r~ ~ .. .... . 3 . Di s -: oluti on ~nc· C1· Clt ion of th lif'lt on~ l 

Ern ~ ... nc"(,; CollnL i l o • . •••••• • ••• ••• •••• • • •••• • 

II. The Pl~ n ~nr its :Qt. v e lo '"Iaent ....................... .. 

A. 

F. 

c. 

D. 

F. 

District 01'! ice ·· , _ r.>Ar t :nen t of Coro::1erce •..... .. 

I'h e Fr ::. ~· i t 1 s :.e "n•J u'rrn en t Ld.u c Ftion C,!:lmpF~i n • 

l. cmre::>U oi ?ublic .. el. ti ons , N~l..A. •••.••.••••• 

. LocPl }J ·:J~ t.,u:OJtli ttee s . ............. . ..... .. . 

is tr ct .c cov ery oer6 s •....................... 

. ~t " t e · c overy Jo pro r- ••• • ••••.•.• . .•....••. . ..•• 

...:; t ;:: t e . : ' c 0 v e :::' . r ~ ou ~ c i 1 s • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

J1J0e es -.~cnt 1 s "~ee r:1· l ovment -·rive •...... .... ... 

1 • rr· (l 2·-rr 1 0 v ':'. r s l ~ 8 r t • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

( c:t) :arni 11f; enc Se cu:rin;_; t he 3 l ue SF~g 8 • •• 

(b) P rni . f; a :r,d .Se c u.} i n,. the 3l ue 2Pgl e in 

:Cxcep tionF> J. cc-s ef •.•... . .. .. .........• 

(1) . :he r e [l Coc: e ;{Flr1 -~ ee n Sub!Jitt e d •• 

(;:) 

(~ ) 

;h .r . 2 Co d e ti:c.-cl -::. een .ttpproved •.• 

CP es ~ n~ ivi l Hardsh1p •...• 

~ The !,;;,1pl ov eef, 1 ? art • . .•. ...... . ............ 

3 . I'he Public 1 s Fnrt , ........................ . 

G- . "'='J.:A ~ o licy : o rd . .. . . .......... ...... .... . ...... . 

3 

4 

4 

4 

6 

6 

6 

6 

7 

7 

7 

8 

8 

8 

8 

Chapter II, ?resid ent 1 s :rte e::mlo7.:ent Ap.eunen t •................ 9 

l. Autf1 .. ori ty . . ........... .... ..... .. ... ... ............. . 9 

9 

10 

II. Ori r:in .............................................. . 

III . r ature •..•.... .. .•............ ... . .. ... . ... . ........ . 

I V. .rurpose • . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 

St-l S 

A. To 13 ri ~e J: i :oe Nee6ed t o ·sr inr-': :::t<rn b(·rs of Tr PCi.es 

and Indus tri e~ nder Codes •............ .. ......• 11 

R. To i limine.te c·· ilc Lc<bor • . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 11 

c. ro Spr et"C~. ?u[C,tasin_:; Foner • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 

. To Cre ate ?ubli c Op l Dion •....................... ll 

..t;: . 'ro !".eli eve Unr·r ir C.J:lpeti tion l)et,"een Int e rst:--' te 

a nd I ntrpstPte nte r~ ri se s •.. . . . ............. . .• 11 

~· . Jlo Deternine ?r-o'bl er:1 ~ oi l'i. Pdes <' na/ or Industri e s 1 2 

G. To Develop e _Q l e or Sta nc nr d For Labor Cond iti ons 

in all Tredes PnO I ncustri es i n a ll Locf lities 

at ab out t he Srffie Ti me •......................... 12 

H. To -prep pre ; .e,nbe r s of Tn do anci Ind1.l t r ies :i!.,or 

Coces......... . ................. . ................ 1 2 

I. 1o Pe rsu.:- de , I!,( i ctl , I nc'u c; trie s to SUJ1it Co6esl 2 

J. :ro EP Qe Co ·Jpet i t iv e .Lneq ~lities '-ic; t .re un Codif i e d 

r1 nci 'Jnco o i :· i ed In c-~s tires • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 

-ii-

Provision 1 thP "re 11 t • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 

n . Fxpl nC'1tio s Pl1(1 I ll'fr t. i vns or· the ;_':.T(> n nt .. . .. .. 1 5 

981 9 

A. Fc.rFtcra, h =-1, Ctli l · La)or •........ .. .. . . .. . . . . ..... 1 5 

l. OU. ici C~ l :::-.plc n." ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5 

B. Far~~ r~uh ~c , ~ours Ap0Ji~rbl to ~o In ustriPl 

· orker s pnd Stor or e rvice OperP tlOnR ..... ...... . 15 

L Of:::'icL·l .t.xnl an< ti ons , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 

2 . .h.;n">Jlo 'ment I ncluded in ?Ftrt r <ph :p2 ( 1\on-Incustri, l ·,, or':e r s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 1 6 

3 . lmoloyment s Not Intenoed To ~e Cov r·d DJ PI~ . 16 

4o E'xe!:' tionc .l.! r Ot<l .~a:;... i aiJ.ru .r:four .rrov1 si ons • . . . . • • 1 6 

(a) PPrP(T<"Ph = 4. , F .:.:A • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • 1 6 

(b) Ce err~ r {8FT- nd Inv e~ tories •..... ... ... 1 6 

( c \ :':t' i s c r l Y ::<l - Sr c; Inventor i e s • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 

5. Iii '1imu.1n r·.e:es Ar.mli CR.ble to ~ pgrF~uh #2 

E·'1nloyees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 

5~ Store or Se rvice Ooer,q t iuns • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 

C. Pa:r·?gr ?Dh =t=':: , .. c:>Aimum Hours Ap i~,.,p ble to Industrial 

o 1 .. k e r ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 7 

l. Oi':i.' i c L l .. ~: -plenptior:.s • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 

. ~t 'J '_it icction of ~erp .~ r( p11 ~3 • • • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 

3 . .Ef.:'ec t oi· r:oc i fi c oti on of Far2sr pD. d-3 on 

S i ;;"' e r s o i' ?l{.A • . . • . . . . . . . . . • • • . . . • . • . . • . . . . • • . :j.. 7 

~ Jmn,.ov:'tt..nts 'Jot Int r"rec to ·oe Co ve red by "? f.:~ • 17 

5 . Exe t1pti on .: ?.ro·c. axi icU.i 1 :r:fou rs Frov isior::s • . . . . • 1 7 

6. .!:. nsi ons of t he P~ A • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . 17 

? • i ;i ninm·;) <r>t;e s Ar::'?l i C? ole to ?F~ Pg aph .:rr:3 

r~ rtrp 1 ov e c s • • . . • • • . . . . • • • . • • . • • . . • • . . • . . • • • • . . • . 18 

D. F-arFJ :!:'?pl :r,4 , i .ployees -Ae. Ip t c_ d frO!:l i·iaxi 1num 

T' 

.w . 

:t- ou.rs Frovisi u'l.S •.. ... . .. ..... . . . ... . .............. 

l . OI'fici ·ol ..::,:.<_pl,!'n ~t o· s .... . ....... . ..... .. .... . 

,., 

0 . 

4. . 

5. 

imploy;aents To t Ir,t en ded to be Cov er ed bv PBA • 

.8oe r g nc: , :c:> intenenCE:: <l.n v l ... DF i r ork •.......• 

E:Aecu t i ve "nd ansr~er s ••.... .. .. . ... . .... . .... 

S.h.e'np tions fro r.t .i?>..iil1UJJ qOUr ? r evi s ion s •.. . .•• 

( ?.) Calend2r YeFr nd Inv ntori e s •.. . ... . .... 

f \ ) _ l · S C 8 l v L e r .. r - _n r G. " I TI V 8 )1 t 0 r 1 . e >:> ~ , , , • , • • • , , , • , , 

( c ) .. Pn .-;e r s or .c-A8l-Ut ives .;.:te ceiving i::ore Th c:m 

. eek . . . . ..... . .... . ...... . ... . 

( 0 ) Fro:! 'e .:::;~ ;; Fl Fe:rsons .. . .. . ... . .... .. ... .. 

( e ) To .. T's Of Les: rn;m 2500 Popul e tion •... .. . 

( r) O•,ner Ope rP t d ,- tor es • .. .. . ........... . .. 

Faragr .::rph C5 ~ ir:i rm...Ia \,a Pe s ~pp lic ab e to ]'iionIndustrip1_ .orkers , . . .. • . .. . . . .... . .. . . .. . . .. . . . . . , . 

l . 0.:.. f iciel K r-mFJt ioT~ s • • •... . ... . ....... .. .•. . • 

2. E.1plo rrn ent s t o .,.h e!! ?RYC\=>r c"?h , ?~EA Liini!IIUrn 

18 

18 

18 

18 

18 

18 

18 

19 

1':1 

1:1 

19 

19 

19 

19 

?fes 2re Ap :- lic2bl e •••.... . .... . . . ........ . .• 19 

3 . Em _l o'rmer. t s No I nteT'oec< to o e Covered by F~ • 19 

4 . 2xce'ltior;s to C~ d :S:h.e:mut i ons Iro 1 ?~-\A 'linimu'TI 

... -se .r r ovi si ons •....... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 19 

5. I Cl.!:tedic=>t e rrade :U e8 • . • • . . • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • . • • 20 

- iii-
.. . . . ' 
VII. 

]'. fpr::f.r rmr. =r6 , 'i i •m1:1 c "ef .h p1 ic..FI 1 - to I ndustri[1l .. or.·E:' l • ..... .. .... . .............. . ....... . . ~J () 

L OfficL·l .r..-. ~L c. tions • ... . ........ . ...... . . . . 20 

2 . Er ,~' lO "'.t inents to \Jl icn l arP :r£1pl #6 , P:~.A Li inirrrutn 

, ~ s s <> r e A l' 1 i A b 1 e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 

3. Ernn1ovments not Intenc1ed to b e Covtr .ci by -.::1-..A o 

4 . E::xc u tiOT"l" to ar_d .Sx e11pt ions f rOJrJ. FilA •. !inL:lUm 

il E' r· - l' ov is i 0 n s •.•......... . ....... . .. .. .... 

5. Hour ~ :."t • • I • I '" I I I I I • I I I I I I • I I I o I I I I I I I I I I 

..::0 

20 

G. Para :r AP~' #7 , Co :rpen~? tion. f or E1nnl oyment . . . . . . . . 20 

1. Of7 ici n1 . ~n. t i or c en~ 3Psi c I nte r pretntions20 

2. Fr crervat'on o~ a~e iffer ntir s ••.......• 20 

3 . ? r c)b l eJ..lS . . . . .... . .... . ...................... ;:::1 

. ?:trAgrc-n11 ~8 , u;th·- Jterfu. ;e • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zl 

L Of: i cir·1 J,xpl enrti on • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . 21 

I. ~' n=-,.:>r:=> n!l -.:,9 , An tiprofi teerin.q; • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:: 1 

1. OriiciPl .~: :plenRtion ........................ 22 

? ~ r · c e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;: 2 

. 

r.r 

!\. . 

T 

.w. 

?RrF~~rPD: . , Coo~erc ti on . ......•........... . ... 

1 • Of f i c i r 1 ~:X u 2. P n:' ' i on • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...• 

Fnr e_O'r p·oh :-i:ll, C·) oe s •........ . •...•..• . ••.••.••.• 

1. Of~l ci l ~~1 nptio~ •................ . ...... 

Par a.crr c..ph #1.Z, J~:pDron: Pte .L~c justrtlents •.......... 

l. 01 fici .? l xp1 ~!1r> l. r: ................. . .... .. 

2. :El ief to Gov ernment Con trp ctor s •........... 

F r :=> grapJ.1 ;±1_ 3 , ~e r··! ineti on of .!'>Tid Suorti t u t i on to 

t:1 e F 1"'...1... • ••••••••• • •••• • •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

l. Ofr ic i r>l ;.,.:c lr n?.ti on . . ..................... . 

2 . ~:fr'A ct of P"?rovnl of Co(·e upon Cont inu8.tion 

oi the rill .................................. N. Pa:i.'c:=- t;rc>p ... l :;;:l .., , ·'· c pti u:1 · •. . .......... . .......... 

l. 01'1 ici 0l .::xplPnat ion •....................... 

Dur act i on of the J:,.e:ree .nent •........................... 

22 

22 

22 

22 

22 

22 

22 

23 

23 

23 

24 

24 

A. ~; in l A..sr e c •wnt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 

.3 . l irs t J:.- tens 1011 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • ; 4 

C. Second a'Ylo : i rrl ._.~~tens c..r • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 

:J. Present StPtus • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 

Chapter III , ?resioen I s r ef' ·'-='l OV'1E nt .A.:::;:rer .Jen t -= ol icies • . . . . . • . 27 

981 9 

I. ti l ?ol ici e s • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 7 

I I. PRA :Oo l icy :;:, o?rcl • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 

A. ri f~ n Pnc ~..tr"Dose ............................. . . 

B. ur ::,a n i z etion ............ . ..... . ....... . ......... . 

C. TerHlinP.t i on ..................................... . 

III. Blue ~ ·l e :Ji vi s i on , J\il.1.A . ........................... .. 

A. Ori n en ~ ~e:=> znt on •...•..................... 

3 . Sec ti ons !i:=>n( lin ,o: ? 'S.A Fol icies •..•.•.••....••...• 

27 

27 

27 

.28 

28 

28 

C. ~-eorgPnization • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 

D. Ter ra i nR t i or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?8 

Compli c;nce Di v i · i or. , 1:'nA •.•. . ....•... . . .. ..•.•....•..• 

A. ri in a n c" Blue .Se gl e ::s ~nch ........ . ........... . 

L:=>bo r c.mc .AdiJ.i nistrative f.'1 e~ •.•..••••••.•..• 

c. J.Jl ls 3 r 8!1Ch •........••• , ....................• 

-·· rer Li nat i on ...................................... - iv-

.?8 

.28 

29 

29 

29 

V. l"at i on:- 1 .o rr l.L r n WAr r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , 9 

A. Oz·i ;in ~ n c1 ?'u pO " • • . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . • . • . • . . . . . . . . • • · <;::! 

B. 01· <tni zation . • . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z9 

C. Te -:l in ~t; on . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2>0 

VI. Aovis or v Co..1 ncil , Co .mllr rc e lvL_, ion , rJ .A • • . . • . . . . . . . . . '~ 0 

V I I • Co m _ ll r' n c e li o n c 11 , N -:<.A • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • . • • ? 0 

VIII . Substituti or.s o t h e FnA •................•.••.......... o 

I X. 

X. 

• e t U t h Q r i t 1

{ o o • • , • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • , • • • o 

:::1 . ,·io0 i l icr ti ons or· Su J. tituti Ol1R ..................... 31 

C. Instruct Lmc- : or Su u 1i tti n •· Pe ti t i ons :: or 

Su sti t u ti ons . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 

l. If P Co de •• · or •il e ··r i th t he Co~ trol J ivision 

l\1}<...1 •••••••••••••• • ••••••••••••••••••••••••• ' • • 31 

2 . I f no Core :1ac ·oeen Sub ~it ted to Co.,.,tr ol 

I'iVJ.. SlOn .•........................ , . . . . . . . . . . . 31 

D. '?o l i ci e s .:'o ll 0 1· e d b:y t11c F~ .J.., r o l i c ::,oc>rd in 

.:o .sicJerin , -.=e t i ti · f or SuD Hti t utions to t he ?1:-.A • 31 

l. :?ro ..,c s e c ,ode ?r vl ,_ s v s • .?ItA F!'ovisi ons • • • • 31 

t.: . 1\b ::· en c e o.i' ?ro ~"" osec: :;o ~- e Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . 31 

3 . ];u n c t ions of r_ .A ~olicy ·Oe rd • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 

4 . ;: t; e~ ur , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 

5. r ea-line f or Su bmi tti ng Petiti on s fo r Subs tit u t i on c • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • . • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • . • • 33 

E. J.\T p ture oi· Su s t i tuti cm to tho PLl..A a n d Indu stri e s 

Al-. f e c t e a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 

? . Apnli cetion of .. 4..-ppr o·v e d. Suo ~. ti tl tions ............. . 

G. Conmen.t s •............................ .. ............ 

Interpretpti ors of the F.::.: ..... .. ...................... . 

34 

35 

37 

A. Suc cic>l Int :- :~ et p ti uns ·=:o J. :i ttee • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 37 

!3 . bTa t i or1el La or ~3o ~rd .............................. . 

C. ?I?..A. Pol icy o~rc;_ •... . ........ .. .................. . . 

D. I nterpr e t c> ti on Secti on , :.:;· u e .Bc gl c :Divi s i o-,... , lL:A ••• 

£1 cepti ons- to the ?~A ( CAs es O! I nrivi cuPl ~? rdshi ) •... 

A. Au t h ori t :r ................ , ................... . .... . 

'3 . 

i" 

v . 

D. 

EssentiPl I n.fo:::- .::C'lt ion i:·.r.; (! •J.ired to be Su omi tteci by 

Peti tioYJ.ers .. . .. , . . . . ............................ . 

~ cepti ons 0ecti on , -n u e :..8.c·l e Div i si vn , NRA ...... . 

l. Pol ici e s :;_ oll o"•eo r i:JLA in Consi de ri ng 

~et i tions i'or :)~ce, s to the F~ ••.. . ...... 

?rocedur e :; oll o• ·ed by r=--.A i n Con!: i oe ring 

etit ns fo r =~c tio ns to the A ••••••.•..• 

Loca l :f\TRA Corml i a nee r: d s ...•...•........•....... 

l. Peti ti ~ for .8.ACe1Jti o s ?resented t.Jnc e r 

Pe.r8grPLi1 , PRA • • ..••.•...••.... . .••.•..••• 

(a) -_occ>J. NRA Co Hr'Jl i '-> nee =·3 oa r C: ;- e i'::Ul El t i ons for 

37 

38 

38 

38 

35 

39 

40 

41 

43 

44 

44 

E. n~l in ~ i~ es Dh ~1 4 i e titions •........ 45 

~ 

-'-' • 

F. 

2 . Petiti ons for Per:niss i on to C12erPt Un t.er Un i on 

Con t r pcts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 

( 8 ) Locol ~J ,A 8o ,-,...lL-nce ~~ ~r d }.e :-u ?tlons for 

~~ · !-_ ~ l i n }r:i• ••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

StFJte F.RA o:: c>'~" ce :- i re ctors •..................• , 

Volume and . isnosit i on 

- v-

. ........................... . 

46 

48 

49 

XI . Gov r men t Con r· cts , n0 Loans • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 

A. J,wt"lrdi··c of To ve r :1ent Contr: cts or Loans Co tinr; nt 

upo1 Cum lir1nc e ,,i th ::-'hA or Approv d Cude"' • . . . . . . . 49 

l. .:· cuti v 0 0 r 7f6.:::4G .. • .. .. • .. .. .. • .. • .. .. .. 49 

. l::.... ecutive Order :;::b 646 • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 0 

3 . FuDlic ''orks Ac" .niristr r>t i on .rtu· lations • . . . . . 51 

~:e ief to Go ver me t Go ntr ? ctors . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C::.l 

l . Act Provid in ~ & i f to Go vernment Co ntr ctors 5c 

XI I . E for~em nt of PitA • . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . !::2 

A. Pub li c 01Jinion • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 

Surre~der of t he Blue l.;e g l e . •........ . ..... . . . . . ... 53 

C. Types of Violctionc: 2nd Dl sno siti on •.•............ 54 

Chc:roter IV , .Admi. irtri' ti on of t he F.ce:ici.ent 1 s Hee:.t"C'loytne nt 

I. 

II. 

At::.r e 1ent ........ .. .... . . . ... . ... . ... . ...... .. . . ........ . 

HeFl d!l_UP rters (\.' psnin.;ton , ::;. C. ) •. . .................... 

A. J lue Sf-< .l e ivi s ion , N.E....l\ .......... . ............. .. 

B. 

c. 

l . Execut ive ;:ie c tion • •. ..... . .•.. . ... . ... . ...... 

? . covery BoA r ds Se c tion •............. . ....... 

:-> • CD mu l P i t s S e c t i on . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

t:-;6 

56 

4. . Rco r cBni zati on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S6 

5 . P: oceCu r e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 

b . rer !TlinA t,i on • . . .................... , . ........ , 57 

Compl ianc e Div i s i on , lLA • .. .. .. • . . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. • 58 

F;:.tionFJl CcmDliPn c e o::u:d. , Ni.A • • • . . . . . . . • . . . • . • • . • 58 

Adjustmen t o: P.F...A Co 'rplc in t s c? n c. I:test or ation of 

.Bl uE:.: E[l.g l e •...... . .................. . ............ . 

ld . . ..... .. ........ . ... . .. . ... . .. . . . .... . .... .. ...... . 

59 

59 

59 

60 

60 

60 

A. LocFJl :edi e ti on :Joa.r<is •.. . ...... . ..•. . . . .......... 

B. LocAl NI:..A Compli c nc e ::oards •••.. . ..........•...... 

c. 

D. 

J.. Ori g in .. . . .. ... . .. . . .. .... .. . . . . .... .. .. .. .. . 

;:' . Pur1;>0 s e •.•• • ....• . . . .... . .. . ...•.. . ....... . . • 

'-' • Ol·gp.niz ati Jn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 

4 . :S.epresentPtion • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . . . . . . . Gl 

Permanent CLairmAn • . . • . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . 61 

b. £Tat ur e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2 

7 . Procedu r e fo r i.:anC.l ing Compl Pints of l\ onCompl i ar c e '"i th tr c FRA • .. • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • .. . o;? 

8 • D..1r a. t i on • • • • . . • . . . • . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7 

St:"te NP_l\ Co upl ience Di:J;"ectors ••. . ...••.•••...•. • . 

Re onp l AfmiList r eti on •..•• . •....•..•....•.• . ..•. 

1. Or i si Tl •••••••.•••• • • • •• • ••••••••••••••••••••• 

2 . .rteg1ons •.•.....•...........•..... <1 ••••••••••• 

67 

68 

68 

68 

3 . Functions .qnd Fo .. ·ers of ! e g iona l DL e c to r s • . • 69 

'-.i: . Re P: iona l Cor:1p l i a nce Counci l s • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 69 

Cha p t e r V, Results end Acco;np l i shments • . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 

I. Si .,ne t ories to the F.RJ1. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . 71 

II• Emnloymen t Rnd Fayr olls ................................ 71 

I I I • Co 'llp l i c n c e • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 

Chapter VI, ? r obl e ·ns • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 72 

I. Polici es and I nterpr etFt i on s •. . •••••.••• . ••.•.....•...• 72 

',. De1.8v i n De velo-p .. te n t Pl10 Promul g<'l tion •........... . . . 72 

B. Fe r the,t it vra.s Ln:-os. iol e to Co1nnl y c:.nc Stay i n 

Btlsine s s , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 

- vi951 9 

.... 

v . 

T' . 

'"'

"' . 

F. 

G. 

H. 

Chapter VII , 

Apnendix 

!'ef'r tl P t D1· e ic't 11t i d1t :•xerci e the 70"'' r 

Dele, Pted unoer Se cti on lO(l)) , FIBA ............... . 

}Pi lure of Sub s tituti ons to t he PRA to D i ine 

t. erllbershi p eno 

Field .P "'encies 

Difficulty ;:u'd 

Est e1b lish All e 

Ernu 1 o / e s • • . • . • • • . . • • . . . • • . . . . • • • • • • 

...... .. .................... ..... .... Ia ilur~ o · Field Abenci es to 

e d -i ol;:-t io s ................ .... .. . 

Cen tralization vs. }')ec ntralization of ~nfo rccrn nt • 

Pub li c Ouinion Sole c ·is a:t' Bnf orcern nt •..... . .... 

Conclusi on~:; and :"(.e cor mncnG.~ ti ons •.....•.•... , •.•• ....• 

I .......................... . ...... . .... ... . .. ...... . 

Ap-pendix A. 

Appendix . 

A uend i x C. 

Al? ' .... t: ndix D. 

Ap-pendix .&; . 

Ap"9endix F. 

i iemor pndum on Pa r e1gr aph i/:7 of t he PitA •....•.. . .. 

Blue Eagl e Division , :t~,A •... •. ................ . . 

Blue ~C'lg le Divisi on , NEA }.e Or 0 a nization •........ 

Comol l<mce _iv i siuY1 , :r ·nA ...................... .. 

Nationc> l Comp liPnce 3oard •...........•.......... 

FnA Substi tutions ............ . .................. . 

Append ix G. Ge nE:r c? l Int e rpretptions, E:x:plc::m<'lt i on s , InFAG~ 

7c 

73 

73 

74 

74 

74 

75 

76 

77 

80 

85 

87 

94 

96 

struct i ons a n d uli fl~ F ge r d ing t £1e PP.A •.......• 132 

Ap"9endix H. Publi c Act #-369 • . . . . • • • • • • . • . • • • • . . • • . . • • • • • • • . • 177 

Ap"9endi.A. I. PRA Ce ns, s-Tabu lation by StPtes, Empl oyinent 

a n ci Payrolls; June , Octo oer, 1 933 •••..•.•... ... .• 179 

-vii981 9 

Se ction 1 of th !;a ionnl I nd·l ~-:t iP l It cov r f Act dec d 

the eJ~. ist nc e of ~ n ..... tionEl l e·n r c ncy uroduc tive of desu. e d une·l'l l ov 

rnent c. nd c1 or F~ni za ti n 01 i ndu s try . One '"Cc:;non a duT.)t d fo r coinbA :t i ng 

this eme r gency a t e Fr esicent 1 Reempl oyment At=;r e ' Ill nt, vr icle l y known 

as the PRA, 1rh ich vra s ~m d July J , 1 933 a n t=lgree ~n nt t o be t:m tor e d 

into H .... ~1 t he Pre s id en t by emuL>y r s ~i h the p r ima y obj ctives of 

increp sing em'f)loym nt an d at tl e 8 !118 t ime e p editing t he c ode maki n 

prog r , m of the l'Ja tiona l !\e c overy Admi ri trati on . The AP:r e em •nt wa s 

bAs ed on SectiJn 4? of t he n e c ov e r y ct 8nd its p rovisi ons d eAl t ma i nly 

mi th child lebor, ma:xi rrrv..m hour s C'l n c' :ninimum wAg e s. It did n o t include 

any tr?c1e prF~ctice pr ovi s i o s . 

This is P study of the Ag r e ement , including its development 

and its a6ministrr1tion by NitA. 

PRA policies were deve loped nn6 a c .ninistered by and tnrough 

the NnA Ac1ministr n tor, vPrious boerds a nG. council s c=md fie ld e g enci e s. 

The Agreement was entirel, voluntery and the onl y mr; thod oi enforcing 

compliance was the i thdra~F~l of Pn employer 1 s right to use the emb l em 

adopted to symbol ize participr•tion in the Agreement - the T<~J ell-known 

Blue EClgl~ . 

Taking everythin5 into coT-sideration, the ?hA was unquestionably 

a success and undoubtedly accOL1pli SHed e s rm1ch if not more than was 

expected of it. Neverthe less, it is p os sible that the earlier and more 

definite development of policies with r c sne ct to the agreement, particularly P s to subs ti tu t i ons f or cert e i :r -o rovi si or.s g r anted industries 

end as to excep tions f r om :full co:'lpl · Pnce with its terws, ~· ould have 

made it even more effe ctive. 

-viii9819 
. ' 

' . 
INTRODUCTION 

In ap"DI ovin the National Indu trial Recovery Act, (*) the 

President of the United States and the 73d Con r .ss declared the 

existence of a National Emergency of idesp r ead unemployment and disorganiza ion of Industry, ''Vhich burd8nP.d interstat e and foreign commerce, affected the public welfar e , and undermined the standards of 

living of the Ameri can people. To combat the declared Pational 

emergency, the NIRA authorized the President, in addition to other 

broad ~e rs, to enter into agreements with, and to app rove voluntary 

agreements betwe en and Rmong, persons engaged in a trade or industry, 

labor organizations, and trade or incJ.ustria l organizations, associations, or groups, relating to any trade or industry, if in his j udgment such agreements would aid in effectuating the p olicy of this 

title with respect to transnctions in or affecting inte rstate or 

foreign co1r.~:1 erce, and would be consistent with the requirP.ments of 

clause (2) of subsection (a) of section 3 for a code of fair competition. (NIRA, Title I, Section 4(a) 

Although this report is intended to be limited to a discussion of 

the President's Reemployment Agre e~n ~m , its ori gin, developmr:mt, p rovisions, interpretations, rulings, ~~ lanations, substitutions, exceptions, policies, administration, r esults nnd problems; it should be 

kept in mind that "The President 1 s Re8mploym0nt Program': d.i scussed in 

Chapter I ~nd the Agreement its8lf we re- also instrum8ntal in developing 

and creating interest in Code s of Fa ir Competition on the part of the 

Public and especially employers vrho later became subject to provisions 

of approved Codes. 

(*) (Public- No. 67-73d Congress (H. R. 5755), approved on June, 

16, 1933. 

9819 -ix-
,, 
-1-

I. . ADivi r~IST3ATI OF FCR :~m:s r:: AL ::r:J> Y-:R' 

A. 

Purs1.w.n t to ,.ut':.ol'i t .r ·Ho vi c~Gd i ,l Ti tlo I, ~. RA , t .il; PrcsiL~cn t, on 

June 16 , 1933, 3o~oii1 oc~ nJJJ-' l HUuh J omlS0!1 t o b.; t :1e c.mi.nistr1.tor fo r 

I ndustrie.l R.:; cove ry , ::>.'1<.~ ..,ut orizecl hi:n o:..1 J u ly 15 , )~ , subjec t to t he_ 

gcntJr e.l ?.:)~ rov l of t h,3 S' .vc ial I ndustri:-1.l Rdcov ry 3of".rd , to D.::-'point t he 

n c c csse.ry ~·e son:10 l on £1. )e r:·18ncnt bo.sis., to f i x t l oir com:;_)Cl1S:-"~ tio:..1, a nd 

to conduct such hvql'inb s D.nc1 to c~"" rcis c suc~.,_ ot ll~ r f,u ctions ::3-S wero 

vc st 0d in t he Pr u. i d .nt by Ti t l e I , HI::tA, u:-:: c e:::• t t l1e -'"':nrov?.l of code s , 

or me.k i nt:; e.;r esmeJltc , or i ssuEll1Cv of licens es , or o~:c .~.ci se of ~') ow rs c onfer.~.ed in Se ction 3 ( e ), 6 (c), 8 (o ), 9 n.nd 10. E;~...J ut iv --. O.cctcrs {/=6173 

e.nd {/=6205- A) • 

B . S?3C I AL Il1:JUST:::-:L,L J.-;CoV:?..Y J OA?.TI (June 16 ,: lS33 to 

Doc a::1bar 18 , lS33 ) 

I. ORIGIN~ 

Pursue.n t to :;u~hor i.t y ~n·o vi L;r;_ L 1 Ti tle I, FI RA, ~1e ?rc; si c'.cnt, on 

June 16, lS33 , .,_lso e.)·_;oi:..lte"·· ::-. S·;cc i.e.l :l n c.u"trj.al co_v l~y =:o:::trd to be 

om~_) os cl. of the. follm-.ri L~.,. -:lcmbc:ts : r;;La S0c r e t e. r j o: Comme rc e , Ch?.ir!Tl2.n; 

The Attorney Ge:1e r :->.l; t he cl~ E.:. y of t .i1 ;; Inte r-i or; the Se cre t a ry :d 

Ai:,ricu lture ; t he Sccre.t E·. r ? o f 1-'"'.''uo r ; ~H:> :Ji l~:; ctor of the :3u c.l.ce t; t he 

Admi nistrato r fo:c r: ~Ct:u::: tr :.. l ?.. cov .J : e.nc'. ~1e C1}2.irmo:-1 of e~ Fe de r a l 

Tr 9.dc Commission . 

Act.s :~erfo d T t hG S e cis.l c~ustri :--. 1 ?.e cove ry :Boe rcl :pert a ining 

t o t :1e PRA ne r e : 

(:=t) k)'"Jrova l of ! ?.A Bullc l ~:~ 1- " Ste.t emel1t :Sy t he Fre siclen t of the 

Un ited St !'~ t es of A:nGri ca OutlLling :?o lici vs of t !1B NRA 11 , J UJ1e 16, 1933 . 

(b ) Vot e d t hat arr e.l1.::,e'l:;:;nts be !:18.<-'-e fo r usi21c:, t 11e 26 District Offices 

of trJ.e De·)e.rtment of Comrno rc-..:; t o e ct ·'"'. S -.e.-_, io11al ?..e-::;resent a tives of N:RA. 

(HRA Re l eas e #40, da t ee. J:c1l y 10 , 1 :;33) • 

(c) r r esiclant I S ?_eera~ lo rrn nt 

Program, 11 J uly 0, 1933. 

( d) A) .: e.l of l!3A Bull e tin )5- ~~ ~~ e.. ons On ?ro c ec:ure For -_: 

Loce.l N?.A Co:-r: li£.l1Cl; :Soe c~s ll, e~· cm r 12 , 1933 . 

( c ) ~)_) oval o f . URA Bull-3 tin 'i;b6- II S-c;h.st i t·u.t e cl 1

H£<__:e., and -roul s ?revisions of t~1e ??cA11 , Octou e r 14 , 19:;3 . 

(f) It is e.lso ~os bl e t :t:p_t t h o S·)e c:e.l L1cl.ustria l 3 e cove ry Joarcl. 

co:1sic.e :ted t h e 21 Br~s ic I: r:-_) t: t~ tio ns of t hs PM, l ete r CO r})Ol d 

in r:r:RA Bulle tin f4. 
-2- .·. , .. 

3. DI SSOLUTIOH ( -=:.ATI OF OF ~r iE jAI' L\1 3i ,:=;?G:;;. .cy COU:;CIL). 

On De cembe r 18, l 'J 3Z; the ~:: si c'.e;.1 t o rc1.e r ed t !12.·t e.ll me~ rs of t he 

e ci ;;~_ l I 11c1.us t r i a l 3.ecove r y ::>. :-d. , ~1c: 1 uC i n.; t he At to ri.1e~r Ge! !-~2 1, t he 

Dir cto l~ o f t he 3udbe t a nd t he Ch0. i rr:1r.m of t he Fed.:;:...·a l Tre.de Commission, 

b e cLe _t d e: ~ i ;.1cluded as meDb e l'"'S of the Ha tiona l Eme rgency Council, 

cree.t e -:1 on Novemb e r 17, 1933, e.nc,_ t~1at e.ll- f unctio:1s 2..11c. dutie s of sa i d 

:30a rc. he l'"'e:::.ft e r b e eAe rciscd and -,e rformed by sa id Council. (Executive 

OrC:ers 7'fo631 3 nd il:6433-A) . ' 

I I. Tl:LJ .?L4.:.: .A~JD ITS :r~V~LO:?l T 

In siGn i ns the· le.w (HEl. tiona l L1cluf:.tri a l Recove ry Act) on J un e 16, 

1933, the ?re sic.lent s'ai<i: 

"The firs t ··Je.rt of t i1e Act ~J 1o se s to -our i. C~ ustry a c:; :·ee.t 

s:1 ont2.11 eous COOJ?e r e.tion to -., ut millions of ne n 'l '. ~c to t heir 

r ee: ulrtr jobs tl1is summe r. The i dee. is si rrr:• l y for enr)loye rs 

to l1ire more me 1.1 to do the e~;:isti ng ,_ -·orl: by r ecl.ucin..; t :n.e vrork 

hours of ee. ch iTian' s week e.n ~ at t he s ame time :!e.yinb a li ving vrat;e for the sl:orte r we el<: . 

It is a ch::,.lle!lt;e to inclustry which h9.S long insisted t hat, 

g iven the right to act in 1..mison, it coi:..l cl _do much for the 

ge ne1~a1 good Ylhicb, has hi t:he rto ·b een l:uJ.lEtV'lful. Fror:1 toda;>' it 

hc..s that right. It ip not only the s l2.c:_-::e rs rtitl·iin tre.de 

g rou;_Js who may st9.nd in ti1e ·_) 2.th of our common :!U:l') os e . In 

a s ense ~hes e c;rou·y s COElp e te with ef·. ch othe r, 2.11C.. no sinc;l e 

industry, anc~ no se:.JB.r e.te cluste r of industri e s, ce.n clo t h is 

job e.lone, for e:{e,ctly the e r e2.son that no sint:,l e ~;>lo ye r 

n c~o it lo~1e. In othe r v:o rcls, we c a n imag ine such 2. t h ing 

9. S a sle.cke r inC. us try. 

This l g_v;r is also e. challe:i.1[; e to labor. \·JOrke rs, too, e.r o h a re 

6 iV·3l1 a · n evr cha rt e r of rights lont; sought 8.ncl. hi t ha rto d;:mi ec1. 

3ut the? ::now thf?. t the first move e ct d by t he He.tion is e. 

g reat coo tion of all emy loye rs, by one sinc:;l e me.s s a ction, 

to improve t he ca s e of 1Nork ers on a · sca l e never at te~1t ed in 

?.ny na tion. ' Industri e s can do t h is only if t hey l12.ve t he 

suu<1ort of the whole ·Jublic a nd es11ecie.llv of t~:e ir oun ·.ror\ :e rs. -- . ~ 

It is, further, 2. che.llenge to 2.c:'.ministra tion. We e.re r e l axi ng 

some of t l1e s e.f egUE.rc:s of t i1e a:1tit ru.st lf1.v;;s. The --: ublic must b e 

:;_) rot e ctad against t he a bus e s t l1B. t cl to the ir en2- ctment, and to 

this e1 c~ vre a r e uttint; in ,.ll ?.c e of ol0. jJrin ci'1le s of unchecke d --

cm )e i tion some n ew Gov l~nm nt controls. 

Finally, this l f1.w is e. cha llen_, e to ou r vrhole ·:e ~') . There is 

no po'.ve r in Ame rica n th1. t c r:.11 forc e e..,;ai11st t he -.)ublic will such 

a ction a s v; e r ecp.:tire . But the r o is :10 g rou!! i n Ame rica t he.. t ce.n 

v'.ri t h st2.ncl t he f orc e of a:a e.rous ec .. :1ublic ~J ion. Th is t;r e2.t 

c oo:_)o r e.tion ce.n succe ac1 only if t :1ose ·vrho bre.ve l y go f orY<2.rd to 

r e store jobs ha ve agr e ssive :?ublic _SU}Jport e.nd thos e v1ho l e.g e.re 

me.de to f ee l the full weight of ) Ublic C.i .se-:)-_"? rova l. tt 

9819 
,... - - I n antici1

1a tion of Co \::c of F ·ir Co .. r,o...!ti tion ·1rovi( d for in t l;lc 

Act , ancl t he ?resi dvnt 1s lo l.:.c._; t o nut 1c.011h.: b~c:: to wo:rl, to wl i ra in- tc 

stetrva tion rro.ges [l utl to cor:s"\..me ti1,: o ·: esr; c ,., .. ).ci t ; of L1c.mst i~l ·1 l~nts 

r esulting f r om m:->,.ss )roc:u tiou - _;ric )' so·· r ..} c.l f o.r in :-dv::'!i1Ce of rr~ges , 

cmD l oym.:-n t '"'110. 1Urch0sh1g )O''G r, ::>,.., "' o1L:J no t in , usincs n s V!o ll as 

t hose engaged in R tr-.c: ., or i :;1c'::.:tst ... ·.r "Jou'"'n to buy :o :i.o<.'.rcts a nd s tore 

them in r,ra:tvhousoJs . T' c :i.::>. i si n0 o f r:· .._;o nnC:. r,}J.o rt onin:· of working 

hours i n crca s 0c. costs. ComD.ni c"" , loc litivs a~:C.. 5.iJ.dustri es we r e com1Ct n,; for trac'.e £>. n c1 l e: or. It \7f:l.S nccc sr :<. r:· to :· 0vc1o··1 2 :ru l e or 

aut:L1ori t a tiva st.:::o.ndr-l'd for 1'"'1 or c ol<di tio >~s ii1 n ll in ... :ustry o.nd a ll 

loca liti.:;s a t about th . s me time . All . in ' ustr1es ~oro no t organi zed 

i nto tre.cle asso cia t ion s . a~ ;;· :->..7olyi :i1S' . for co -3.e s wore i1o t r eady to rece ive thorn . I nt:i.·est -C' t G comi110 I'Cl3 and indust17 com.:_1e t cd ·\-r ith i n t e rsta t e 

corn.rno rcc ?.nd ino.u s try . I mmecli a t e a ction "\':u.s ~e r.> t i v e . 

At ~1o outs t it was a:Jif'tr <:; nt th<:J. t t l-::. c ·.) :coc e s s 1·oquireu L1 aJ.T;1roving 

code s which i 1.vol v aC.. ·;rouP r a tio:1 , submis sio!1 El.nd. ~1o ltolc.l.inb of hoe. ring s 

v,e.s .'Jt conc:ucive to nmec.~. e P.ction , a t l or: s t sL~ vr o~cs was roqui roc, 

to 2_1ut 2. rnn.jo:;.· c oG.e thro"llt_;h t }:.e Di l l. It wa.s ii1c.i s:9 ensa.ble to do somet h ine:, to e.ve :rt a n ey.r collec•1 s e a:1c~ cr:::tsh. A shortc: r mo tbo <i 1it72. S neede d 

to bridge th8 time i nvolved i:1 b:..·i1~ lo, in c~ustri es unde r co s. To 

briclge this t:,a:p and to e:;.~)ec~. i te h i s l~ -') em~loyme11 t ::~ :ro am t ho ? r e sident 

off.:; r ec"!. to eJtt e r iDto 2.n iv c~ua l e.t;r e ome11 t \7itll each memb e r of e. 

trade a nd/ or industr y V!hi ch b e c2.me lmo ~~ri.1 as t ha ?::.~es cl.en t' s Reemp1.oyment 

Ag r eement (PRA). 

A. DISTRICT OFFIC3S, DE:?ARTi,3 ]i' OF CO I.:: . 

On July 10, 1933 the s··w cie. l I n cl_ustri::>.l ReCOV8IJ' :Bos>.rd v<;:>t e d t ha t 

arrangemen ts b e made t o us e t l1e 26 District Off ices of t he De·;e.rtmont 

of Comme rc e a s r egi onP.l "N:R/1_ a~1 crt :: tiv . ,NAA ,.,a s to lJay for extra 

vro r k done by t he Dist:-ict Off ice s on co"\.."...l1 t ·of so:rvi ce s r ende r e d NRA 

(NRA Re l ea s e #40). 

Man3.gers of t he Dey3.:rtm;:m t of Comme i:C o Di strict Offi c e s we re 

ca lled t o Viashing t on on July 11, 9~~3 by Geno r e.l Jo hnson fo r t he •1u ry os e of do t ermi n in[; how theJ n i 6ht b ·3 st · coo e~ e v.:i t h HBA e nd to-r ece i v e instructions by va rious iJ3A officia ls- r eD0.rding its ,_Jlans, 

)Olici e s ELnd :!)Ur_0- oses. 

According to lie.i non ciroul?.r s ?.ddr c s socl. to District Office s by 

L. H. Peeb l e s, Lia i son Offic-:;r, Bur e8.U Dist:cict Offi ce s ?.n<l NnA , t he 

f unc tions of tl1e District Of ic s r e l a ting to t he: ?RA we re : 

(1) Re c e ive sign e d ?R4.'s e.nd r ende r G.?.il;y r e:·)Orts to lJRA ?.S to · 

t he numbe r r e c e ived anc1. m.J!l1b e r of mrr_J loyo s cov :~ :r ecl. 

(2 ) Sl..\J) l y f~ vor bl e URA i nfon12.tion to t he loc!ll ::~ ss, chamb e rs 

o f comme rc e anc.l other civic bo es . 

( 3) Submit to l!RA a l l i t erns of colorful l)U.blici ty. 

(4) Issue simu ltaneously to t he :J:re ss and to ~J os t office s. 

Lists of J lue &tGl e employa rs i n me tro·Jo li t a n a r eas. 
-4-

(5) ha ~:: si t::; d .certific:.>. tes of; Co r:r0 li nce t.? ith l ists of ?RA -·1 . t,1 tori s. 

( 6) SubEli t to '.i::.sln.:1gto.n "Je t i tiO:Cl S for ~:c -)tions uncter ? C'.r?.-

b :tsnh {fol 4 , ?JA. 

( 7) J;'urni si.1 N?.A 'iii ~1 e~.~· s to J..~ es ~:. ??..A CB.ITI)c.i.:;n Cl.eV<::l lo-0me;.1 ts 

in t l1.eir loc-'ll :::. re2.s, com} l &.i:nts,. l e.bo:c t :;_·ou-iJlen &.!lcl loc:.l ~T?.A 

edi torie.l s. 

( 8) Cool)e r c·. te vti t h Loc:\1 ~TL1A Camp lia nce 3 oe.r d.s in 2.:11 <:u~visory 

e. J~ cit;y· o~1ly . I:a no cese v1e r e t ilay to issue arbi tra ry i nstructions 

or l e.y ci 1N~1 rules a:.1c". r~ 'Ul tions. 

1. :BUR3AU OF ?1Ji3LIC ::.:\3LA.TIGiJS 

• . I 

With f e'rv e:x:ce~Jtions .2. l aw s1.ich c->.s t he 1H3A, f.1.ffe cting long est c:.blis:1ed p r ':lctices, na.tio~:w ic,_e :in e ::te:.1t, C['_nnot be e.deq1.1at e l y e:..1-

forcea without a n G.rous ed. anc1 2. ln1ost 1m2.nimous :_Jublic 01)J..nion. Roe lizing thi ,.. , Gene r a l Johnson soon ?. ft e r his a·_r:oi:i.1b1en t as Ac1ln.i nistrf'to r 

of t he lT::.:tA :Jlrmn e d e. :na tionvlide educ<:>.tio:a?.l carJ)aip 1 c".esi gneC.. to s")ee C:. 

the r 0 tur:1 of pros•;e ri ty tl1rouch tthe e:cy:.11sion of consumer ";urc}~<?.s int:; 

JO YJe r L1 o. ccordance with t l1.e ·Jri:nci) l es set i'orth i n t he HI?.A. 

Unde r t!1.e s1x_1crvi si on of VIr . Ch.!?.::les S. Hori1e r, C.ire ctor of the 

newl;y cre a te o_ J3uree..u of ~>ublic Relo:-.tions , ERA :?ub.lic Re l a tions Division, 

t he ?re si del1t Is ne em)loymEni.t ~uca tional Campai-gn v;ras l a unched ~1 .· 

July 21, 1933, to a rous e -ntblic int a:;. es t i::1 e ?resident 1 s :R.acmoloyment ?rogram (lElA. J.ei~a.se ~'/=~G ). Ori~:.n izn.tion, S) ea:-::ers and y r e s.s 

d.ivisions we re set l \_1 unde r 11.-'Ie s s rs. Fr2.nk 3.. ~. 7ilson, Louis J. Abe r 

e.ncl_ Robe rt St. ClRir :;_~ ctiv ely . 

The ~J ~~asr; :co-c~._;l1out t he ·country d.i s:Jl c:-.yec.1 :) rominently L1 tJ.1eir 

columns h~ . s.i ;as , :lLms, info:cma tion f"'.l1 ('. d"·· t e. fu:rni shed b y 1T3.A in press 

r e leas e s. The re..cil.io was use d e;.:. t .._n s:l. v e l y , elwPs ]ul~ e.us 1.7e1~c or{;~.:i.1 iz d, 

sl1orts were ~)re d .. nc~ f e?.tu:ced Oil the screens of motio11 ~J icutre e..nd 

l ec;itima t e theatre s, re.o.io =u~s anC: co1 s of rn ae.kors e.:·T).ea. l <3 ci. in every 

"?Ossi-b l e way to t l1,.e ~n. triotlsm of. t :1e :;eo) l e to s'l!. )~J ort ~e ?residen t 

in t his Drive in d uch t :1e S2.r11e ma n:j.1e r as they usee i n rr ut tii.1t:; across" 

t he Li be:i.~ty Loc:m Dri v;c s c~u1·int; the .'iorlc .. ~. 'iif'.r . 

2. LOCAL lJRA C01.J,i.ITT33S 

One of t :J.\:; firs t ac ts -oei~forraed b~r i.~r . 3:orne r as Directo r of t he 

NRA 3urepu of ::U:b2.ic RelD.tions ""''" ~ to o r[,an ize Loce.,l 1E1A Co;nrni ttee s. 

Ove r t he si ~,:r1 . ture o f G011e 1·e.l Johnson ·i; ...:; l ;..:_:rams y·e r e s "lnt to the 

?re sic:ent 1 s of Chambe rs of Conm10rce or othor l e2.-C'.inc; civic orge.:1 i z::.tio:ils 

in citi e s 10,000 :_:> o:)l.uations a n d ove r, c.nCL tt al~s in c ases o.f cities 

1.mder 10,000 r equesting' t :1em to t ako ~1e i i1i tie.tive l'mmec ie l~r in 

o r ganizing cam~;a n commi tt ecs in t l1e ir r e s;.Jo ctiva communi ti e s to be . 

co m~JoseC.. of t he IlflD.yor, t he offi cia l . h aads of t ha ~1e.mber of Commerc e , 

Cle a rint; House Associa tion, otary , Ki;_:a nis , ·Lions, Re t a il i'.'ercl1antst, 

98 19 
Fodera t i n of Labor, Advvrti s i n; C l nb , }' ~;; '"' t i on of Women 

1 

s Clubs , 

He lfa r c s ocio ti vs , Minis t •)ri, .l A s"'oCi'"l ti r:m , ::.-{ou l 3 s t 8. t Associa tion , 

a nd :->ny othe r c i vic or:_/ ' niz.:: tio l w~Li.c h i n t 11v i.r u(~c;o t cn t wa s r •.p r c ... 

scnt 0_tivo of . ..,_ny i rrr") rot:m t ul 0m0nt .:.r tJ.1.. c onot.1: c lifo of CE' Ch conrnuni t y . 

These comrnunic:::t tions st ·'.. t cd t lnt t ho f\ J.:·tctions of ~-:e committe e s 

wo r e to cliroct a cnmpai t:,n of -:: duca tic n ::tnd o:. 5uniz ti n hich W<'. S tc 

b e a pa rt of a nntiono l movemvnt t o d t ho turn of pros~e rity 

througi.1 tho GA"J_Jans i on of con~:rurn r urc nc:-sing :oowcr in f'..Ccordrmcc with 

t:10 pri n ci!_)l c s s<J t fo rth i n ~ HI RA . 

Accordi ng t o e. r eDort mace by VIr . Earne r , Locs.l r1RA Committees 

we r v est ablished in some 6 , 220 towns and cittcs and he estima t ed t hat 

the r e we r e app roxima t e l y 1, 500 , 000 volunt ee r vrcrkers in t he fi e ld no r king undvr t heir supcrvisi'on. 

C. DISTRIC~ RZCOV3RY 130Ai:1DS 

On July 20 , 1933 , Gene r a l Johnson ancl the :u cial Industria l 

-;w.-,,vo r y Boa rd aut no ri zed t he cre.a tion of one district r e ccve r y board 

of s even mombo rs to b e oi 1t od by t he Fr osi <J.en t '5or each· cf t he 26 

districts of t he e~.:i rtmo n t of Comme rc e , to consi de r, advise , n.nd r e-

~o rt t o NRA on t ho })reg r ess nf the exe cution cf NIRA, a nd tc ::'ass u-yon 

such ma tt e rs a s we r e r e ferred to t hem for a ction by NRA. , The memb e rship of ea ch District Rec overy Board was to consist of one pe rson p rominent in each m2.nufB.cture , r e t a il t r ad.e , ·wholesal e tr3.de, ba nk ing, 

farming , l ab o r, a nd social s e rvice who we.s vlilling to vo luntee r his 

service s without,corrrpensation (NRA J3ulietin ;'/=3 ). Tho l ocal 'District 

l anage rs of t he De:9a rtment of c·ornrnorce sorvod as SocrGt :)ri os to the 

Boards. 

D. STATE R3COV3RY :SOAPJJS 

On July 20, 1933, Gene r a l Johnson and t::e S'Je cial Industria l 

Recovery :Board a nnmmce d t he creation for ac~1 s t a te of a stat e 

Re cove ry Board. of n ine memb e rs to be ·a)point eQ by the Pr8 sident. 

The board VlB.S to s e rva without comDensB. tion 2.nd it Vi"'l. S authorized to 

se l e ct a chairman ari d s e crete.r y from among its own memb e rs (NRA 

:Oulle tin 4/=3) • 

The rnembe:cshi~s we r e to b e t rul y e~res nt2 .. tivc of comme rcial. industr ial, lab or, and civic int e r ests of ea ch s t e. t e . T;he St ~ Recove ry 

Boards were to advis e anC:. r eport U 110n t he e.Ae cution of lURA i:n t he ir 

states anG. to r e c e ive and ·e.c t upon ... a ll JJl['_ t t or s r e ferred to them by NRA 

or by their district boe.r d s. O:n August 9, 1933 Gen e r a l Johnson s ent a 

t e l egram to t he gove rnor of each state submitting the name s of thos e 

drafte d by ~1e ?resi dent to s e rve as memb e rs of the Sta t e ]oa rd a nd ·reque sting h~ ;;ove rnors to o r ganiz e t he :Boards P.nd. allocate a s e ction a·f 

the state to each of t he nine members. Me e ting s or' Sta t e co~r ry 

Boa r ds we r e subj e ct t o ca ll of t :1.e gove rnor. At h~ first mee ting. ea ch 

Bo a rd was authorized to de ci de U:)on and pro-uulga t o - its own rul e s and 

) ro cet. u r e . 

9819 
-6-

, I. 

E. STATE RECOV3RY C01JHCILS 

•' ~ 

' ' -. 

A State Re cove r y Council ·was also crea t ed .by- Gene ral Johnson and 

the Sl)0Ci a l Ind.us trial Re cov ery :BoRrd 011 July 20, 1933, to be or ganized 

by and to se rve in coo:Jera tion y.,ri t h each StB. t e Re cove ry :Board. Upon 

a1):)lication to the· ... Sta te Recovery Iba r d by any state l abor, manufa cturing, trade, civic, so ci8.1-se rvice . or welfare associe.tion, . organization, 

or club, the }Jresidin6 officer the're:of was entitled, e:;.;: officio, to 

membership on -.the $tate Recovery ·cm .. mcil. The fm1ction of the · council 

we.s to recoffiinej,1d to the board any ne c e ssary a ction with rega rd to the 

organiz2.tion ~; es id d over by any member of the council, to r equest 

the s e rvices of th · ·-Boa rd and -6:f NRA 1in any p-rope r · matter· to the end 

of :oe rfe cting ·.e:ncll str·eng't hening any such organizati-on, a.nc1 to assist 

to make available t.o 'the Administra tion of NRA the .. s,ervi,c es of any such 

organization (NnA :Bulletin #3). " . 

F. THE P:R.SSIDElifT 1 S RESM?LOYUENT DRIV]J 

General Jolms·on_· on ·July .22, 1933 announced ' the .- a:)uo i ntmen t . of 

Gene ral Thoma s S. Eannn:ond, ·as -Executive Dire ctor of the ?resident 1 s 

?.eemploymen~ Pro·gr am·, to ce.rry out. the.- Reem;:> loyme11 t ?rogram, and to 

act e .. s liaison _. b e t vre en . t he . Achnini_s ti'2. tor an~. the Pub lie in inte r:-r;erting 

NRA policies regarding 3.eemployment Ac re ements with- industri e s and 

trades (N.RA Re:l ea se_ f/:91). .. · · 

The ?residc;:'-t r.s eem~ loyme nt Drive we.s annmmce·d on July 20, 1933 

by Gen e r e..l Johnson. a ncl t l1e S1J e cial Inc.ustria .. l Recovery 3oar<;l to be 

la.lmchetc on July 27,- . 1933 (H~ J3'ul1etin ~~ a11,d i/:4) • . :.,: 

' 1. THE tJrii?LOY:::;Rs I PART 

Durij,1g the three dB.;}'S be{;inning J l]_ly 27,. 1933, l e tte r carri ers doli vered at each ) lace of business, whare three or more )el'S011!3 r·ore emIl loyed, a messa (;e f ro:rrr the . ? .-r esident, a ccom_; aniecl b-y a copy of the form 

for the PRA; a rtif~ -c te :of C011I]! liance fo:rm, and a r e t·:J.rn enveJop 

address ed to the dis.t'rict off ice of t l1e De::,>a rtment of Comme rce . Any such -

employer failing .. to ·r e_. ce ive t_his mat e r·ial by August 29: 1933 could obtain 

it from his loca l ) Ostma . .s t-e r • . On July 29, 19·33 it was a?J.nounced: that 

em~!loycrs of f ewe r tha n thre e ·l)e rsons could obta in PRA forms a t t heir 

loca l p o s t offices (H:aA eD ~ #130). 

Be cause ~he ,first ~ di strib ~tis;Jn of PRA forms · through t he po s.t .offices 

was limited to businesses e.ffil)loying more than three persons, emy loyers 

of l e ss tha n th_ree · l;erso!u3.·· a nd even t he local ··; ostmist ers were of the 

opinion t ha.t small e~ lo y;e rs, ;.;e re not e:;c_)ectec.l to cooperat e in 'the President 1 s ;Reemployme.n t Program. Th is l ed to confusion and . tenG.ed to dele.y -;· 

the signing of. t_he Agr.e.~ mei1t s E\." s. some ·:_1 os t ma st ers a t f il'st ·r efused to 

furnish ?RA forms:-t'o; small em}loy ~s wl1o ·ayp li ed fo r ·t hem. 

( a ) Earning. _<And S' cu:r:-ing· .The Bl u o . SEI.Gle ·· 

The EIII]_')loye rs 1 ;e rt wa s to a ct at once and ea rn t he N::A 3 lue Eagl e 

Insigni a. and dis~')lay a t his ~) e of business by taking the follo, .ing 

stops: 

9819 

.. . .. 
1. Sign the ?RA 

2 . Short en h~ hour 0.1. ~. cto .;r ro r1-:..:: rs to 3') houi~s ~o~ r '·1eek, 

and of a ll othe r errm loya-. "' to 40 hour~, "'?Or vJeel~ (.?: ?at?; g rliJhs 'f2 to ff4). 

4 . Refuse t u v11I1)loy Child Labor (FRA P.qr:-tc;rf'.·,lh 1fl). 

5 . Coo:pc r:t te '7 i tl1 t l1e ?r.:..sid t;;l1 t (?RA ? "L·agntohs ;;~ 8 to · ~{13 ). 

6 . Ivi?.il t he sie,n ucl AgrGem .nt to t he :Jistrict Office of t he De"Ja rtment of Comm r c e i n the fr. ~:e d addr essed enve lope p rovided. 

7. Put the Agreeme:1t into effect. 

8. Sign t :e Ce r tif i cate of Con~l an e n rovi ded. 

9 . De live r the signed Ce rtifi ca t e of Co ~? li nce to the loca l 

-.;ost office and r e ce ive ~1e 3 lue ag).e,. t he off icia l HRA insignia 

a.wa r ded to mn:_o l oyers coo:_; e r e.ting wi'th 1-t:RA fo1· dis·Jl ay to the ? \.lb lic 

in order that elly could determine wJ.1o we r e or were not COOlJe r e.ting . 

(b ) Earning And Se curing The :Blue :Sard e i n :SxceY) tiona l Ca s e s 

( 1) Whare a. Co<ie P..c.d :Seen Suomi tted (Fa r ae;ra,h {13, PRA ) .,.._ 

If a v1hole tr c.~e or ind~stry '.T').s . une.b l e to live up to the 

PRA, the elTI2.Jloyer .was ins true t ed. to i e t· tot;e the r a t onc e , vii th 

other em]l loye rs in 1e tr?.cle or indu s try and, i n e. ~~ rou , ~u.bm i t 

a code of f a ir COI112.Je ti tion to _,_IH.t.... SL1c e it took some tirrte for a 

code to be J:oroved a ft e r its suomi tta l, suc11 g roups we re p ermit trr:d 

to Jeti tion NRA to sub stitu t e VJ8.0 C a.nd hour revisi ns of tne submitted code for ?RA. vm.ge e..nd ho·J.r ) rev isi ons. In the e vent 1~ 

elected to ap)rove such substi h.1tio~s t he em:) loye r wa s allo•.7ed to 

:')Ut t he substitut ed p rovisi ons into effec t and he wa s ins tructed 

to add to his C e rtifice.t e o f Com) lie.n c "' the following claus e : 

11 To the ext en t of l RA coYlsent as announc ed, Yve have complied with 

the ?RA b y comp l yinG with ~1.e substituted. ~J rovisions of t he code 

submitted b y the Trade/Industry." If a substitution to the 

?RA. wa s conseEt od to by !.J?.A, a ft e r the ern':Jloye r ha.d put the ?RA 

into effect and obtained t he Blue Ze.g l e , he vrB. S allowe d to o:?e r a.te 

undor the substituti on without sis ning another Ce rtificate of 

Com:._o liance . 

(2) Where a Code Ha d Been Ar-n rove d --

I f e. cocle of f 8.ir comoc ti tioYl had beon app rove d by the ?resident, which was am)licable to t !1e employe rs' business, he wa s not 

required to si gn t he ?RA to obt ?.in the Blue Ee.g le, but he should 

si:;n a Ce rtifica t e o f Com:_Jl i a :ncc , Eel..cling to it t he f ollo ·Jinb sta temei.1 t: "W'e have COffi1Jli ed with t he o··)ere. t i v e •Jrovisi on s of t he Code 

for t J.1e Trade/ Industry . -
- 8-

(3) Case s Of Ind i vi d.ue.l H.8.r ds h i p 

(See Ch. II, Se ction 6-.rT, .:? h ~{ 14~. tJAc e~ tions ,· A:_".Jpendi:x G 

? 2. r agra··Jh . 1tl4, PitA; Chan t e r III ii? ';RA ?olici e s - ~:xc e~ tions To 

'!J 1~ . ?R~ ~~ ~ ) •• • t. 

2. THE :illlvli?LOYEES 1 ? ART 

The errnloyees 1 ~t?ElXt ,_,as- to do t !1e ir b e st on ·t he job and to coo;er a te 

with liJRA o..nd em~ loy rs in ~eo ful 0-djustment of 0.ifferences, anc_ to 

sha r e wi tl1 the v..hernploye d the h emef± t s of the program. 

3. THE _ ?lJJ3LIC ~S ?ART - . ( 

The ') ublic 's l)a rt and. es~; ci al y the ~art of women (vvho control 

the bulk of buying ) was to S1.<::_J:•)Ort all t hose ·elTI')loye rs and errr_J lo~ree s 

who did their ~; arts to :_)ut breadwi nners G8.Ck to . vvor!c . . An liRA Co;.1sumers' 

baC.ge of co opere. ti on vvas ·printed and e .. we.rde D. t' o eve r·y consmne r in t he 

U. S. who coo;_Jerated in t l1e Fresirlent 1s :R.ecm )loymen~ Driv e and signed 

the following sta-tement of com; e:r'2 tion: 1·

1I will co 6~)e e in r e em)loyment by :;;u··T)orting nc~ 8. tronizin~ erm:: loyers and workers who a r e members 

of N:-a.A • 11 - ·- - . ' 

G. ?HA ?OLI CY BOARD 

. · . :; .. ,:. 

A PRA Folf.cy Boa rd was g: ~! ointeC. on Aut;u s t-?, 1933 by t ho_ Admin:.. · 

istre.tor ofJJ.JA :to _( l) corre lat e ·t ile :')o licies pursued i n Gene r a l 

R-~mmond s PRA Adi11inistre. tive e,n cl Mr. Horno r's Ecluce.tional Carrrpai t:;~, · 

(2) consider and re:-?ort t ·o :·_the national cove!"j'A~uninistr t9r upon 

lJe ti tions for substitutions to t he ?RA, and (3) to ; issue a ll PRA inte r-

:pretations (See 11 ?RA ?olic;y :Soe.rcl" - F:::i.A ?ol:i.ci ~, Ch.:;J.p ter -I II.) . . .~ . . ' .. 

.. ·! .i .• f ... · . . 

. ' • ~ i ' 

'' : .. ~ 

; · . ' 

,• • o• I 

·.' 

' . . . ' I 

,_ .... . 

'·. 

. - ~ ... . . ... ' 

\, : 

' f . ~ . 

... ' ' I ' ' ,..,. 

.... 

9819 
- 9-

I • AUTHO::. I J:Y 

Sec tic·1 4(a.) , ~'i tl.o I o_ the :~, G.Lonr>l I ·· d1t tri0l R1;cov e r •r Act 

(Public - ~· . u7-73c . Con.r:re c) str.te;s : 

11 J:he Preo.:>ident is a·Pthorizt.: ti to enter nto r Gr C"e 1f'mtn '7i tn , 

Cl~ld to U1'J Jrove v l u.:ltCo.;-v -~_f' GL~o 1t bot\ o; e:: '-x:d r 1on1 ·, perso ~l. S 

ellt,"'.f~ed inn. tJ'c e or "nd.~t<>tr-· , lr.oor org n.n Lf.cl.tLuns , A.~ld · 

trt>cl or in·custrit>.l or :t>ni:?:ot:on:::; , .'',S S')Cl!.tions or -s rou~J , 

relatin.-, to anf trcde or 1:~U.u::; tr -, :'..f · .. ,_ :1i s JU'L' ;· men t s.".lch agr ee-

.. 1e·nt -:-:ill nid in effectuC'ltin-:_: th8 --oo lic~r of this tl tle ,,. i th re !-

spect to trnnE" actions L.1 o:~ rf:..' ctin ~ i...1te r s te'.te or :to reign comme rce , t<nd '7:.11 'Je con...,is ·~ ent "ith t he rerruirene::.. ts of clt"'..uso ( 2 ) 

OJ. 'subsoctiC'n ( a) ~~ svction ;) fo r n .. co&e .of fair conoeti tion. " 

9819 

11 O:t1 t~e :li Ght of Jul l ') , the I ndus tri ol Advisory 3 on.rd held 

a JOint neati:w ,..,i t~1 t:1e LP or .:--.J.d. Co ns~1er 3o,._rc.:.s . ft1e subject 

of d.l.scu.ssion r:as l a-o or p rov i sions of a :1 e:1ert:._;enc-r ue.st er bl nl~et 

coc'..e . 

C.o !.sider·1. e Qls us·~ion e ·:..sued c: s to the hours EO C~ '.'7P.fes tho.t 

ryoulc'_ oe equi t able ".lnde r t'.JJ. enc r n:e·1cy mc-.s t e r 1Jl.:t ... ike t cocie . .After 

severC'l l hours discuss1o·...,_ i n the t-enerr;l :!eGt :LnG i t ' '!CJ.S clecided 

the't [' sub- comni t tec :--et i re t m: D.cljo:ni:1.\ r oo:1 <'nd coEsic.er the 

r.ue '~ter c:tnd re')Ott -u<'.c' : 'c o the .-·e;lerr·l 0 0::: 1i t tee . On this subcommi ttee nere <'1 .J .J Oi~1te_::_ >J.· . L;e rc.r d S,..rO') e rnd Ur . AlfreCI. P. Slo&"'l , 

Jr., of the I ndustrir: l ..:-l. C.'! isor~- Jop.J:t_ , ~:r . ';':'ill i c::-1 Gr e·en :--nd J r. 

'Leo :?oh.1a n. of the c.., \J ol~ ~i r: c'L , ;-:'lnC.. . :r s . Chc::-.rles C. :cuP1Sey of the 

Consuners 3 o8.r 0 .• 

·The suo- com o1i t tee re-')orted JF1 c:: to the ~; euer< l cormi t te e 

esse:·1o le6. the .:.~ollo,,in :: sui;c;esteci p r ovisio::s : 

l. :'or t he e;Je r Gency ) eriocl no minol's under 1 6 :"ears of c:.(!,e . 

2 . I.l0xi oum 40 hours fo:~ stores , b e.n l·:s and rll :~ :· ice ernl oy ees , 

public utili ties othe r thc:1 trrns·Jort<•.t icn ( soue n ention na s oade 

of railroad cler1::s ce yc those D<' Vin.; .:.gr ee!1en ts) , s c?..l e s,.,en , e xcepting exe cu tives RnC. trave liT'-s sD.l esn e.n. l:i:1i:mn na~~ e - $15 . 00 

-pe r ,ee~:: . Disti:1ction q i _:;h t 'Je m::.de a .c s or&'in.:; to the size and 

· locoJ.it,r of t h e con: 1unity. 

3 . i ;C':1U~El cturinr~ inclus t ric s - 35 hours •')e r e~:: in the 1 3 ryeck 

periou. , n i th the l'i.;ht to nor J: a max:imw1 of 40 hours i n e.ny 4 

Peeks of · t hat ·l eriod , c>.!HJ not nore tha n 8 hours of !"'.ny one day i n 

ruw -orie '.788k. 
-10-

4 . i ·: inimur'l 1.!c-.g e for unsl:ill ucl_ . At first this rre.s recomnended 

as ~oll •: s: 45 cents by the a~J or Con::i t tee ; the L1dustrial 

ComP1i ttee thouc ht there shoulcl oe D. distinction betrreen r;1en and 

women - 40 cents for 7.1en cS.nd 3'7. fo r D"onen. is '\72.S l ater agreed 

up on by the conbineo. g rou·)s as C1 niniuun of 40 c e:!'l ts for every 

body •;rithout cUstinction e.s to se :·:: . 

Considerable discussion en sue(_ D.S to certa in phases of the 

recomnendntions of the sub-comn ittee , ~~)artictunrl ( o.) on the 

economic 1ecessity of sorue distinction in '.:ages a s bet':7een r.1ale 

and fe:·1g.le labo:c, (b) some mention as to the necessity of reg ionn.l 

d.if:Cere ces, Rnd ·(c) iertain discuss ion oear~~i; on the need of 

rea sonable tiue to rearrange schedules. 

Following . these general discussions the provisions c:.s outlined 

above y:ere finally found to be cqe ~? table to all of· the 3oards. 

On the question as to uhethe11 or not the so-co.lled 1bl2nl:et 

cocle 1 "f!i th its atte:adant p lai:.. of c r .. ~)o, n as it had )ee l outlined 

by Genera l Johnson 2-t the rJorninG session shoulcl be su:)eri m:?osed , 

some meL1bers both of the Indus trinl Advisory J3oE'.rd and the Labor 

Joard ex-pressed doubts ns to rrhether this treatnent "'as advisable. 

However, it rms the consensus o:;:' o·oinion tha t nhile our E~.rd did 

not indorse the pla.n (as it. Tias o-:..1-r L.mderstr.ndine; tha t :.he Gener.s.l 

had not requested from the ] ·oo.:ccls any definite recOI'!l: 1endation on 

this JJart i cule.r ·feature) , if the Recovery Adnini s trat ion decici.ed 

to g o ahead. ru1d )Ut it into eff ect they )led cl their full cooueration in ·c:m effort to 1.1ake it a succe ss.tt* 

Frc1 tl;.e ab ove Emd consultation TI"i th various lJRA offici o.ls it 

a~opears . tha t General Johnson clevel o•) ed most of the p rovislons of the 

PRA. CollaborC'.ti21g -~i th Gener2.i Johnson in this tasl:: ·v1ere Secretc-.r y of 

Labor Perkins, Secretar:' of Com rce }.on er, ..t'..ttorne ~r Genera l Cu.1!1L1ins s 

and possibly other members of the Preside:1t 1 s Cab il1et in adcli tion to 

Hessrs. Gerard ;~ro )e , Alf1~ed P. Sloan , Jr., Willian Gree ::.1 , Dr. Leo 

Wolman, Hrs. Charles c. Rumsezt , :OonD.ld R1chbert; , ond Alvin Brorm. 

In n r adio ad.dress of July 24 , 1933, the P~ esi6.ent S{1.id, 11 This 

:Blanket agreer:'len t cP.rri e s the UllO..l1h10us a:p ~) rOV8 l of the t h ree 3o8.r ds 

which I have <'.pp ointe'd· to advise in this, J3 oards re:9 resentilv; the c r eat 

leaders in Labor, in Inuustr~r , a.nd ii:. Soci"'.l Service.'' 

III. NATURE 

·The Pr e~ident 1 s Reemp loyme!\t Agreer,1 e11t '.ms a volun tary c- gree:1ent. 

There ... was no force used, unless public o•.)inion <Uld p atriotisr.1 znicht be 

considered e.s such, to conp el any one to sign the ag reeoent. It vas not 

La~7 nnd no one v:m.s subject to its p rov:Lsions 1.mless they had ~i neG.. 

* 

·I 

Industrial Advisory Bo nrd n inutes of a joint r1eetinc of t~1 e Industrial, Lc.bor, and Co 1~ suber dv or r Bonr Ci.s, e.nd Gencrpl Johnson , 

July 10, 1 933. 

9819 
-11 .... 

It Pas a pe r on'"ll t'.<;r eCJ11f"1t "Jet rcci· tl o si 'JtC r f''ll til . Pre i '13 ·1t to 

.sho r ten h our'"' of e1n lo~rno t :ml r ·'ti'' u r:·t, : s , <'.n(l b:r o <.loi n,; to coo,)crate 

in a n<..ti on-· ·i d n o" :i.'t'r.i to rr · .... e '.·-: ·· .>, e~'.te :-me.' .. ,1r0 ·d ern)l o,.rrn nt 

an thu i nc rea e · .. nu snr U. '1\lrC"li s i. • .. ; ) o :01· . I t hi's b C YJ. gene r a lly 

held by the c ourts t o ' e en:t.' )r cc:' ol · JY t' n e; 1 loy cc :ls , . third par ty 

be.1ef iciary . 

I V. "RPOS~ 

A. u-ill~ CCJ :...: .... Ol, . ' ~ CO' pj_;~: I .0I O .. i --------------·---

At the outset it rt=l,, c:- ·r.)e.r e nt that th e ·.)rocess require(! i1:. app rovi :1g 

codes , a.u~hori zed in Sectio;l· 3 of t he Act , ;7hich il:volved ry reuc.r ation , 

submi s · io 1 and t !' e b old ine of l. le J.'i .~·r-; 7t•.s not 1d.uci ve to immediate 

action. At least si:\: ,.ee}:s ·ere r e quire(l to pl.lt r. mn.jor code throuoh 

the mill. 'l'o ave r cl ne" collFI ~se r: nd. cr c- s~ in trE1.des and industri es, 

it Pas im 1e ~tive that e shorter p l e, be evo lved . A p relimina ry ste~ 

in the plo..n for indus tria l se l f - {;ove rnr.len t was necessary. 

3 . TO ZLi i iL'.ATE CHILD L.A30R 

Wides1_Jread cut- throc->.t cor!l-yeti tion ui th its r esul t ine; lorT p rices 

c used na."'lufe>.cturers [md those enc;a.:;ed i n the trade s to cut the ir costs 

to the lon est ·o ossible mini mwn . One r1ethod of lo•7e ring costs uas the 

use of chil d l abor. 

C. 1'0 SPB2AD PURCF..ASLiG PO'JER ------

r s:;reo.<lh2.:-; er.r:)::!.oy:1ent', r educ Llt=; ··:orkint; hours , r,nisi ng the 

ener ~ level of ....-: .~-;es . ncrensL1. :,~ Lm.e;1:•loyment , cu t t i11t; vrages and 

g re a tly increasiP.'> the '\"rorki;1·_: hours of thos e s~i l_l r.ro rJcin~ drastically 

curtailed purchasi n(; p0'7er. 

D. £0 GREAT£: Pl.L3LIC OPL:I Oli 

. i th fe•,7 e~\:Ce)tions a lar: a s broaC.. as the ~:ational I ndustrial Recov e~.r Act , affecting l on:: esta1)l ished. 'jJr o..c tices, natiomride in extent , 

ca.n110t be d. equatel r ~ fo rce cl u i t hout e-m a r ous eU. :md B.l;1ost UJ.1anh1ous 

public o:) i nion . 

E. TO RELIEV:2 lliiFAIH COl.f?~TII IOi.i 3bTIT~::2~i Pu.3.:CLY L iTRASTATE Aii.D 

·r:= RS~.AT:C E:JTE:RP:i:U S£ 

Lnasnuch a s t h e ·Jrovisions of the Act limited .. e.1:;: orce•1ent of its 

p rovisions to businesses enP;ag eG.. in or a f fect inc interstate comme rce, 

the probl e:;1 of fi ttin0 pnrel.y i ntr a sta te s i nto the Pre sident 1 s 

EJi1erg e;.1cy ee'D'Ipl·G~ !lent Prog r ari1 becar1e one of par 8moun t iop,ortCJ..n ce •. The 

members of tre.des ;:nd/ or inC..ustries engar,ed :!:YL'trely in intrastate c·ommerce 

were fr ee to d.o Itlore·. or less as the~r plea se d. u.:1less s t e.te l egislatures 

amended sta te laws to conforn to the :National I ndustrial Recovery Act . 

9819 
·r,, .I! • 

TO DETERl'.i i 11E FH03.LEi-.iS OF ~~:..u:5 S MID /OR ItDUSTRIES 

By estah li hin;;:_~ C'. r;ene r a l rul e r:.ncl au·,Jl y i n.:; n i n i mun ·r /~e s and 

ax m p ou r s 't ·o e.l l t J.'fl,de s a"\d lust ie~ , .· the Adninistr ati on , thr ou{_:;h 

reque st s for e xceJ;; tions a c c oi11pani ed "'oy de.t n to ·rm·o stp,;1tiate g rea t a.nd 

unavoidab le hard"' i- . ' 7C':s· ~: ble to dete rEline 'che· ·sr)Gcif ic l)roblems p ecul i a r 

to a n nO. ~vi a,l :traC.e or- industr? • 

G. TO DEV:LLOP A :1UL:0 OR S'r.Alill J) l' ~1 LA 0~ CO::·: :i'IO~~ S 

.AiJll IEDUST'n i i: S Lt: _ALIJ LQCAJ.Jr::r;.,;s AT JLJOUf i:EG SAME 

The coC:.e ·-Jroce ss ~:-o q_ ire ci. too nuch time to d.o t h i s . 

H. TO PREP ARE r:IE!.frlE:1S ~, 1AJES 2) L DUSTRI:S S :Li'OR CO:JJ;; S 

The :'?rovisions of eorJ.-r co clqs suonitt ed by tr['lcles a :1cl il1dustries 

for 8.pp rova l indicD.ted. t h n t they · ner e not y e t r e e,d:-/ t o ac·ce-)t the :tore 

or less drCl.stic chan(;es rEHlui:::.:e d. to f ulf ill t he e.i n s of the Pre si cle:it 1 s 

llee rnlo=rr.1en t Ag reenen t. A l n.r ,; e m.1.r.1be r of t n -·.d.e s < n d incl. us tries cli d 

not have as . -:-Jo ll qr RJ1ize ~. tr.P.d.e ssociatio s ;:. s hRc~ h e en u r esu·J-)OseG. . . ~ -

•' 

I. ~0 FCRSUD:8, JTILffiC J:LY, I~u S~n::s . ::2 0 SU31II:r ::.; s OF :'AIR 

Cm.1P1~TI TI OlJ 

Paragraj t1 :i:To. 11, PRA. sta tes: 11 To c oo··)e r nte to t h e 'f ullest e:ct en t 

in having a co ~e of f a ir corrp etition sub: 1it'.;e d. by his in ~ustry a t the 

earliest p ossible d~te nnd· in [lilY e1.nmt ·i) e:f.'ore Se) tember l, 1933 . 11 

Parag ra) h no. 13, PRA .states: 11 This [l .:;re erJe ".'l t 3ha.l1 cease •••• if the 

NRA so elects, up on su'bnission of o. cocle to ''hich the unders i gned is 

subject anc-:. substitution nf any of its provis ions f or C?.ny of t he ter6 s 

of this at;reenent. 11 The '7ac;e and our provis ion s of the P::lA rTe re n ore 

drastic thF:l1 1ras contei;1platec1 f or the co U.es. 3.elief l e..;r in the s•.i bmi s s ion of cocle s, Hhich e ;.1abled lill.H. to d.e tern ine t h e ··)roblens pec"....Ui '1.r 

to a particu.J.a r inclustry or trade . 

J. TO };;ASZ COLIP TI r~V:B _11GQ.UALITIES :B ~~':BB~:· CO:JIFI:;:,jD AlTD 

UFCOFIFIBD IlDUSTlUJ:S ·----·----

Unless something were done to j_) ersuade a ll trade a n0_ industri.es to 

operate under cert<3,in miniqum Tiages and maxinurJ hours at ap)ro:-irrin.tely 

the same time' those required. to 01Jera te under the provisi ons of ap:_Jroved codes 1.VOuld be ;)lB.cod nt n. com:q etitive disa dva.:1ta:; e, because t he 

wag e and hour provisions of the cocles tende 0. to L1c;re [-l.s e their costs. 

V. PROVISIO:i.iS OJ? THE P_BSI:Q~1~ S IillEl:iPLOYii:;;:l!T AGRCEi[CL·r: 

The p rovision of the Rg reei1ent· in full, as oric; ine.lly ann01.1!'1.ced., 

follows: 

11 Duri:ry.g the })e:ci od of the Preside n t 1 s ener,:;enc;y ree:r:'lp loyment drive, 

that is to s ay , fror.'l August 1 to Decemb er 31, 1° 33 , or t o any earlier 

da.te of app rova l <;>f a Cod.e of ? n.ir C0!11pe ti t ion to ':hich h e is sub ject, 

the un~ersi gne d hereby ag rees · rli th t he PresiL(·=mt as folloTis : 

( 1) Aft e r ~:,us t 31 ; 1_9 33, nQ.t t o em·oloy e.ny p erson uncle r l G 

y e a rs of age , :ce·) t t ha t p erso"1s be t nee:1 14 [lnd 1 5 mp- ::e erJ:oloyed 

9819 
1,-~

(but not i1 m~ nufnc tuj_ inr or rncch< ,li . 1 indu .. t:cie s) :for not to ·cecd 

3 hours r cl, f D 1 those 1our ... 'Jet• "'~t n 7 a . 1. f'l1Cl 7 n . n . in ~ tch 'ro rl~ 

c ··rill n.ot in t c rfore nith hoF ... s en.' '· ,. sc'1ool. 

(2) Eot to 'OJ l:: rni t'l r' 01.mti"" ·, clorir..:..l , h".tll·in,~ , o:ffi~ , se rvice , or s le er:11)l ')J'eE' (e.·c ··)t ~t..,lle sol s~Jen) L any store , office , 

depa tJ:~ent , l.stn"uli..,llrKnt , O:i.' ·nu:>L. Ltt ilitJ, or on n..l1J' rutomotive or 

ho r se- dr n•·n AS en ;or , e •)r.:-ss , deli•J'J''' , or freir,ht ·-ervico , or in 

c:ny othe r pl .. ce or nt TlG :r , .. or. :•1ore thr.a 110 hou.i·., in , 11' 1 ,-eeL: a i d not 

to 1·e<iuce t.1e 1:~)1U' o.L ' store or ervice 0') rntio"l to belo':r 52 hours 

i n 8ny l , •eel: , unl s r-;uch 1011rs 1wre l e··s th~:1 32 hours D.e r ·1eek before July 1 , lS'd , cncL in the: l r.tte r CC"se not to red·•tce su ch h ou r s a t 

C'.ll. 

( 3 ) .:o t to e-r->l ozr n.ny fa .... tor' or !i1echnai cr .. l ,.o .l:er or a r t i san 

n ore then .?. i.1['Xi ·m: 1 r rc:;e);.: of 35 hour s until De ce•1'be r ~31 ' 1930 ' out n i t h 

the ri,;ht to 1..,.or .:: [1 n:'.-:i nu.'l ··ee: : o£' 40 hour s f o:L' ...... ny u n.eeks ~r i thi n this 

·o eri od ; p·1( not t;o t>-m"Jl ov an;;: \!o r lee r nore t ht-m 8 h ours in rmy day . 

( 4 ) rho rXi "Jlli'l b·nrs .. ·i:-:e d in the fo r e:30int=, _.')ar a l'Cl. •_)hS ( 2 ) an d 

( 3 ) sh<".l l not a: "l ·t o e: yee s in est a'b l i sh:nents emp l oy inc not' nore 

t han ,t · ·o ~) ns L1 t o•:lJls of less than. 2 , 500 p o-nu l a t i on 1!h ich to,ms a re 

not ar t of a large r t r a de are a ; nor :to r egiste r e d phar1ncists or othe r 

p ro:t essional pe r sons em·p1oycd in t he i :;: T) :i.'ofessi on ; n or to em~J lo s in a 

mruwE;e rial or e xe cutive ·c a:9CJ.c i t ;y , ,!ho no·: ·r e cei.ve mbre yh a n $·35 'pe r rre ; 

nor to e;·nlo:re e s o:1 ene r:;encJr ::1.s.i n t enanc e · a n d re)air ··ort ; nor to ve r y 

eci P.l c<·ses nllere r estric t. o~ s of h ou r s of hit;hly sl:i1le.d 'VlOr kers on 

co. 't i':'mous --;> .l. ocess e s '·oul d. 1.1navo i df'.bly reduce produc t ion but , in ·an:r 

such sp ecie l , o t least time ru1d one thir d shal l b e pai d f or hour s 

r:ror ked L1 -e xc e ss of t he T.'lax ~'l . PO')ul a tion for the ··JUr--) oses of t h is 

a.g re e:ne n t sr10.ll "Je det er .. 1ineu. 'by r efe:c e:1ce to the 1930 Fede r a l c er:.sus . 

( 5) t t o _pay any of the cl n.sse s of r.r~J lo s ne11 t i one d in paragr t•n h ( 2 ) l ess than $1 " ) e r ·~ee :: i r. &J.y c i ~r of over 500 , 000 ':J ul tion , 

or· i n the i 1m.1e d i e:'..t e tro.de a r eEJ of such c ity ; nor J. ess thEm $14 . 50 pe r 

Pee k in any c i t7 of be tnee:1 250 , 000 c:-.nd 501J , 000 -? o;:m l P.ti on, or in t}:le 

i mn edia te t r P.de c> r ea of such city; no r l ess a~1 $14 p e r ueek i n any 

cit :~ of oet~7een 250 , 000 and !'10() , 0()0 ·:) o'!)-._tl c-.tion , or in t h e i unediate tra<le 

a re a of su ch ci t:r ; and. i n to,:ns of l ess thnn 2 , 500 j_ ~Julation to increase 

.: 11 11age s b~r n o t l e ss than.20 pe rcent , ··Jrovided t hat this shu.l l notrequire r:re>. ~es i n :cess of $12 lJer r;eeJ::. 

( S) l'Tot t o -.Jay any l!l~"J oyee of t h e c l asses men t ione d in ar C' ··)h 

· ( 0 ) less them 40 c ents :9er hou r unle ss t he h ou rly r a t e f or t he SDoe cl a ss 

of ' "o:rl:: 011 Ju J.:.r 15 , l 92S , '.:aS less thr.n 40 cen t s ~1e r h our ; in :hich l atte r 

c c>.se "lOt t o pP~' less h~ n the hourl:r r e.t e on· J u l y 1 5 , 1921 , f'.nd. i n , no 

ev311t le ss t han 30 c ents p er hou r. I t is Fl.t;;re ed. tha t . t h is parag r e.-·Jh 

estp.,b lishe s fl. gu a rahteed min i mUE1 r a te of p Ry r ece1.rdle s s of v-1 he t her the 

er;n_) loy e e i s rn ed on the 'b c:·.s i s of :::. t i ne r .:1te or on a :9i e c e,..,.orl: 

performance . 

( 7) l-io t t o l"e0.uc e the COl 1P so:..;:t.o:1 :for e: 1 'r~ .. en t n ow in exc ess of 

t he rr:inL.1m.1 Tit:'.,_,e s he eo~r E>.

0 r e ecl- t o wtn ~ thsta:-1.cli!1C; the.t the hours norked such m~ Jrmen t r.'lay be he l" eby r ec}:lce cl_ ) Eel. to increase t h e p ay fo r 

9819 
-1¥-

such employnent. b.y an equitable re<djustnent of cll pc:q sched1..1.les. 

( 8 ) ot to use c-:.ny subterfUGe to f r·ustrate the s·0 iri t 2nd inte:::.. t 

of this .agreene ;1t ,_..,.hicl'1 i,s, a;r1ong othe r thi ngs , to increo.se en:Jlo:rnent 

.by n. universalcovenant, t o :cenove o'b structior!. to cor·nerce, [\l1d to 

shorten hours r:J.no_ to j_'nise ,1-rac;e s J.~or the short.er \feel-: t ·o e. li,vL1.-:; 0['1.sis. 

(9) liot to inc:ceas e the _ price of a11y n er,cha:adise sol e after the 

elate hereof over the ~; ric e on ··Jul7 l, 1 933 , by nore tha.l'l i s _:w.Cl.e necess<'TY by a ctuo.l L1crenses in Jroductio ~: ; re ~) b.ce ne:J.t , or invoice co sts 

of merchRC:1 dis e, or by taxe s or other cos ts r esul tin:-; fro l".ction te:2:en 

~:Jursu8J1 t to the Asricul tura l Adjustraen t Act, since J1.u=7 l, 1 93: , e,:_d, 

in settL1g such price L1crea ses, to g ive full "::'ei::;ht to p rooable incree1.ses in · s nles volu...-:~e anc"L ·to refre.in from- t21.king :;> ro i teerinc ei~ .. va:atage of the .consuE1ing pu-olic. 

(.10) To su~J:Jol~t and p <ttronize establishrJents nhich a lso have 

signed this ag reeE1ent a.nd. a1·e listed. as ::1euoe r ·s of ~: . R. A. 

(Ha tior:ia l Hecovery Ad.Dinistration) • 

. (11)· To coo•Je rate to the fullest e::tel1t i11 having D. Code of Pair 

Comp etition sucmi tted by his i:nclustr=r a.t the enrliest )OSSi ole do..te' 

and in Emy eve!.1t before Se·.;tem"Je r 1, 1 933 . 

(12) ffi1ere, before June 1 0 , 1933 ," the uncLe:rsigned hz..d contracted 

to :purchase g oods at a fi xe d price for deliver:y- durinr; the -,Jeriod of 

this ac;reemen t, the u.11.dersi:.:;ned rrill r·1ake a n J' l'O ri te c.G..justr1ent of 

said fi.:x;ed }Jrice to r,1ee t an;;r i ncreRse in cost CE.':tise c.'.. b2r the seller 

having signecl this President 1 s -Reer.1~ lo 1en t Agree:1en t or havL'1 ~ 'beco1Je 

bouncl by all)rCode of Fs.ir COD}Jeti tion ap JrovecL l.;) r the Pr esi de;,;,t . 

( 1 3 ) This E'.greene:n t sh[1,l .l cease )On ap Jl'O vo..l o~· the President of 

.a code to nhich the U..'1c:tersi.;ne·d is sub ject ; or, if the ~~ n. A. so elects, 

upon submission of e. code to Tihich the wiclersit;Yled is suoject Dnd substitution of .&YJ.y of its ·o1~ov;isions f or any of the terns of thi s abreement. 

(14) It is D.Gr ee<l t_ha.t cll1Y person ':7hO rrishes to do h i s •Jar t in 

the Presicle'i.1t 1 s reerrqloynent drive by sir;nL1c; this acre e·:c·1t , but r:ho 

asserts thC'.t so:1e particula r p rovis i0!.1 hereof, becc.use of :Jccul i ar circmns tliUlces, 17ill creat e g rea t anci unavoit'le.0le harc1 shi :::> , 11£" obtai n the 

be!1efits hereof oy si :~ :1 inc; t llis agree!.1ent and ·Jut t i n<; i t L1.to effect a~1d 

then, in a pe tition ~~nrovecl by c. 1·e res en at ve trade a ssociation of 

his L1clustry , .or other re:Jre sent a tive or ~.nizatio:;:]. qesi -:;::1c.ted by ~i .~l.A., 

may 8:'9)1Y for .a stD,.y of such p rovision JJendil1G e. summ2.ry investigation 

by :i. R.A., if he agre e s in such a:,_y')lic.ation to o.oide ~r the decision 0f 

such investigation . This nc;1·ee!1ent :is :. tered into. :_1ursu e.nt to sec tio:a 

4 ( a.) of the National I ndustri e.l Recovel'Y .Act e,;,1fc subject to all the ter:'lS 

and conditions requirec"L by sections 7( c-:.) EU1d l O(b) of t~1r->t a ct. 

9819 
':_ 15-

!)n ted • • • • . . 19:;0 . 

( SiL;n he r e ) • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 11C.""f18 ) 

. . . . . . . . (1?il·ri " nd cor-,)orGJ.tlon nfl''le) 

( Indus tl·:r or tracle ) 

(Street) 

• • • r- . . . . . . . . . . . . . (To· •n 01~ cit ) ( St:).te) 11 * 

A. P .A.RAGRAPH t-1 , c:HLD LAB OR 

(1) After AuGQs~ .3 1, 1933 , not t o eopLoy y person under 1 6 years 

of El.[;e , exce-J t thot l)e rsons be t ,-ree11 14 and 1 :) HlEl.Y be er:1 )l_oy ed (but not 

in :1anufac tu~~i n.:; or ~echan ic l indust:cies) f or not to ~ce d 3 hours :Jer 

d.ay and thos e hours bet,-.reen 7 a .m. 0nd 7 p .m. in such ,_,ork as •.-rill not 

inte rfere ~ith hours of dBy school. ** 

:a.- PA!.l.AGRAPH }2 , HOURS . .AP ~=>LIC.AB~:C TO :TOli- L:JUSTRIAL 1JOIUGRS 

AJ.,1) S·TORE OR S:2If!I C~ O?B?--dTI OFS 

(2) lTot to nork any ncco-w1tinc , clericc..l, ·b<1.:.1ldEg , o:f: ic e·, service, 

or s o..1e s em llo re s ( e:;:c :_J~ outside ·sa1esl1en) in 8.l.J.Y store, 

of :~ ice, de~Jartuent, esta"J1ishnent , or l!ub lic utili't r, or on 

CU1~' entomot i ve or ho rse- d.rr:vm :.?B.ssen.:;e r, e:~ress , delivery , 

( *) In d iscussinG be1o 1 t~1e l~ov isiO !l S ·of the .t1.3 r ee_1en t , the:r are 

first presented in the ir ori ·;innl fo r n , fo1lorreC_ r D. sU1nnr1.:."y of 

t he p rovisi ons , ex Jlt'..n'l.tions an.__,_ nterpretatio~1s in .h ich refere-~ces a re uade to an e1c.borate conn i1o.tion of a ll ava.i1abl e 

il1terpreta.tio 1s s eX2_Jl ane.t ions , instructions 211d. rulL-1--,s r e[;r>.rdinc the <' :: re ene~t '.7hich u ill be found in the a: :_) n:"t. . 

( **) O~::!'ICl-AL ~: rn , ~l,· ·:-p o~.· Se e '1P - ""''\... LJ PJ.A' '1 '' e c1· 11 G11 -'-'AI: ..L.J.J.- _ ~ e.. .c ~.g o. ... ve ~.- _ , _ , ..tl.pp · l1 l X • 

9819 
-16-

or freight service, or in any ot r p ia:ce· o"r ~-'l&J.n er , for more t ha n 

40 hours in anv 1 week and. not to reduce t~1e :1ours of a ny st bre or 

s.er.vice erat :;:} t-o belo v:r 52' ho 'l~s· in a nv 1 'leek, <.mless sa ch 

ho,J.rs were less than 52 hours per week b~fore Julv l, 1 933 , and in 

the lat ter case. not to reduce such hours at all. 

I. OFFICIAL EXPLANATIOtTS - See 11 Paragraph #2, PBA11 , Ap-9 endix 11 G11 

2. EMPLOYEE NT . DJCLUTIED IN· P .AR.flGB.A.PH #2 (NON- INDUSTR IA.L WO:::t.KERS) 

11Barbers, . b€auty parlor · op erators and · employees, cti sh washers, 

. drivers, deli verymen, elevator O'"Jere.tors, janitors, watchr:1en, ·oorters, 

restaurant workers, filling station onerators. 11 (:Basic Inter-o~etation 

#12, General Johnson, NRA Bulletin #4) aintenan6e forc~s in~l ud ing 

charwomen, window cleaners, etc. (Basic Inter·9retat ion #18, General 

Johnson, ~ffiA Bu lletin #4) Shoe shine employees, yotato ins e~tors in 

the c_i t y or i .n .warehouse,· p-ri-va:te· dec t ives· receivi'ng not niore t han $ 35 

p er.'. week employ ed by ·a private agencY, caddies em lo ~r eci by golf clubs, 

cemeterv workers, non-agricul tura.l ei!I_9lovees of horse dealers. 

3. EMPLOYMENT NOT INTEND~D TO BE COv'ERED EY P3.A. - See Appendix 11 G11 . 

and "Professional Occu.pations 11 Apl;endix nG11 • 

4. EXEMPTIONS FR.Ol-.'1 MAXIMUII HOU:t PROVISIONS 

(a). Paragra·oh #4. PRA, Se~tion 11D11 ·, infra. 

(b) · Calendar Year-End InveRt,')ries 

11 Any employer subject to the PRA .may eJrr) lo;r any ~rrr_f)lo ee, • 

during .two cons.ecutive . weeks.· after· the date hereof (December 1 6 , 

1933), . any numbe:i:- of hours nece:ssary t .o corap lete such inven t ory , 

provided each emplo ree so eN9 loyed is paid at least . tirr1 e and 

one-ha~f for a~l. hours 11vor~ ed in excess of t he .m.a x:imlliJl hours per 

day or week ·specified for such ern)lovee by the PRA or a:_9proved 

sub.stl tu,tion. 1

1 (National O.omplian.ce Board, Dece:n))er 16, 1933) 

(c) Fiscal Year-End Inventories 

By unanimous vote; ·the ]oard (National Compliance Board) 

i-nstructed the Compliance Divis ion to 'grant to petitioners 

whose fiscal y ear-ends occur betwe·en now ( J~uar r 9, 1934) and 

May 1, 1934, exce2Jtions allowing the111 to work the ir employ ees 

in accordance with the provisions of the bla~ et excep t1ons 

from the PRA . . (National Compliance :Soard, Ja11uary 9, 1934) 

5. MINIMUi.[ WAGES APPLICABLE TO PARAGRtJ'H #2, P:::U. ELPLOYEES - See 

11 Paragraph #5, P:RA11 , Section 11 E11 infra. 

6. STOllE OR SERVICE OPERA.TIOlJS 

1

1 The hours of anv store or service op eration may be reduced 

below the minimum specified in Paragraph #2 , PR.A, if the reduction 

is in accorda nce with a p ractice of seasonal reduction of hours 

and does not result in reduction of the weekly pay of employ ees. 11 
1. 

-17-

( asi I ntc_' wet.at ·on #8 , en r[ll Jolmson, 1- r llllntin #1 ) 

11 ':'ne A ,ree. en t; iL oo se s no J i 1 i tat ion on ·.' 1e 1"'1<Y'<il!1UT'l ho s 

of o·o erat io'1. of a stor e or service . 11 (::Oasi c I nterpre t ation #11, 

Gener!"tl Joh.1son, :B lll c t ir. -:-r4. ) 

c. 1 WORKE:RS 

11 ( 3 ) 1Tot t;o ei.n lo-- c..iY' factory or necl1anicel ·.r or lrc r or 

artisan ~:1 or a t~1a.1 cl :Jax· m.1.rn week of 2>5 l1o .1r ::; mtil Dec ember 31, 

1933 , b Ll.t ,, it~ he r l)1t to \7ork n mn..xL"lum 'Fleek n"!' 40 hours f or 

an 6 :·eel;:s wi t h in tnis peri.od; a:.~d :..1.o t to er.r? lo~r an' wor~cer more 

than 8 11ours in any 1 dA." . II 

OFFICIAL EXP~A.i';ATIO S - See 11 Pa r agr a;ph P? .. A. 11 , Ap Jendi.{ 11 G11 • 

8 . hi ODIF ICATIO ~T OF P.A:1...1\.G3.APH 3 

For t he ur'J ose of e"lcoura<;ins emJlov ers to s i )1 , the Pre sident on 

Oc tober 3 , 1933 "Jodifiecl par agrr1.p h :(/:3 of the reeFJ e!l t to read as 

follo ;vs: 

11 Fot to em~lov any factor:r or mechanical worker or artisan 

more t han a ::1aximur.: weel- of 35 ho·.1rs until December 31, 1933; and 

not to errf9 lO- anv 10r:~ er more than 8 hours in any l da-r . 11 ( Executi'e Order j6304) 

3. EFFECT OF HOD IF I CAT I Ol OF P A..'lt.AGRAPH 3 0}J S I GlJ.ERS OF PRA 

11 Sig nators of the P3A prior to Octob er 1, 1933 , oc.~. gh t to be 

allowed to employ ernplovees under paragraph 3 of the PRA (permi ttine; 40 hours 1.7ork per week where necessary) a total of six weeks 

from the dates of their sibnatures of the P:?.A to t he effective 

dates of co <l.es for t h eir indu stries, and t hat those who signed 

s·_lbseo_.1ent to October 1, 1::333, 1.ould. b e restricted to the · 35 

hour weel 11 ( National Corrr·? lian ce :Soard , i"av 17, 1934) 

4. E'iPLOYLENTS J OT NT~lwED TO BE COVER3D 5Y ' P:?.A - See .Ap _)endix 11 G11 

and 11Prof essi o nal Occ:.1pat ions 11 , ~) endix 11 G11 • 

5. EXEiJJ~IO.r S F J.OM WJDCI IHJV: HOlB. P?cOVISOHS 

( a) :p ara.-?:; ren~1 #4, P::t.A,- See 11 DII infra. 

(b) Calendar Year-End Inventories - See 11 Parag:raph #2, PRA11 , 

11 ] 11 S'J.p ra. 

(c) Fiscal Year-End Inventori es - See 11 Paragra:Jh #2, PRA11 , 

11 :8 11 su:pra . 

6. EXTENSIONS OF THE PRI\.- See Exec'.ltive ~der s #6515, December 1 9 , 

1933 and #5678, A~ril 14, 1934 

9819 
-18-

7. MI NHJJl : ~JAGES APPLIC.A.:i3LE TO PA..l.AGR.APH i/=3 IPLO :iG S - See 11 Paragraph 

=#6 I PJA11 1 H:J~ 11 infra. 

D . PARAGRAPH #4 1 PLOYE~S EXELiPTED FRO IIi lAX UJf:J1.1 HOUR P30 VIS I OHS 

11 ( 4) The maximum hours fixed in the· fote going paragraphs 

(2) and (3) shall not ap:pl7 to e17I9loyees in establishtill3nts e!!Iploying not more than two persons in towns of less than 2,500 pop ulation which towns ~re nbt part of a larger trade area1 nor to registered pharmacists or other professional persons emplQyed in their 

profession; nor to ernplo~r ees in a managerial or executive capacity , 

who now receive more than $35 per week; nor to eJ:l}_)loy ees on emergency maintenance and re 9air work; nor to ver;v s-pecial ca ses where 

restrictions of hours of highly· .. skilled workers on continuous :9rocesses would_ unavoidably reduce production -~ t, in any su ch · special 

case, at least time and one third shall be :paid for hours worked in 

excess of the :maximur:1. Po:;rLllation for the purposes of this agreement shall ·be determined by reference to the 1930 Federal census. 11 

1. OFFICIAL EXPLANATIOI': - See 11Paragra:_ph #=4, PTIA11 , Appendi x 11 G11 • 

2. EMPLOYMENT NOT INTEriDED TO ··:BE COYERED EY PRA - See Appendix 11 G11 

and nprofessional Occ-upationsl1 , App endix 11 G11 • 

3. E}.IERGEFCY MAI1"'"TENANCE A11J) REPAI::t WORK -

11 Hm_,_rs worked in excess of the maximui:1 by employ ees on 

emergency maintenance or repair worl-;: shall . be paid at the rate of 

time and one ··third. 11 (JJasic Ir'lter:<?retation #7, G~neral Joh nson, 

NR.A :Bullet in #4) · 

4. EXECUTIVES A:i\1]) MAJ.'iAGEll.S 

11 In the PBA it is provide.d that the maximum hours shall not 

apply 'to errrployees in a managerial o.r executive capacity who now .. 

receive more than $35.00 per week. 1 Tnere are provisions in various codes exce:9ting from- the limitation up on h~ rs of those described as 'managers 1 or 'executives' and complaint has been received that in many instances r~ lo ees are classified as 'managers' 

or 'executives' either for the purpose, or with the result, of exempting them from limitations upon hours . . It has not been the intention of the administration in approving such exceptions to provide for the exemp tion of any persons other than those who exercise 

real managerial or executive authority , which persons are invested 

with the responsibilities entirely different fro:!D those of the wage 

earner and. come within th~ class of the higher salaried employ ees. 

It will be presumed: that no emplo,ree receiving less than $35.00 per 

week will be classified as a 'manager' or 'executive ' so as to be 

exempt from any provision of any code regulating the maximum hours 

of work pern itted in a trade of industry. 11 (General Johnson, Octob er 

13, 1933 1 release #1178) 

5. EXEMPTIONS F:rt0i1 MAXH1Ln i HOUR PROVISIOl'!S 

9819 

(a) Calendar Year-End Inventori e s - See 11 Paragrap h # 2 , P3.A11 , 

11]11 SUl)r a . 
_ 1 -

( b ) Fiscetl Yea 1- End Inve or t._~s See 11 ar ~ ,raul1 =;f2 , PRA11 , 

11E 11 suu r a . 

(c) lianager s or Execut i ves Receivin ;iorc th;-tn 'P.-·5 P e r Week 

11 ':(he ma.· i mum hour ~od i n _)a.r r aub #~ and.:,'/:3, PRAdo not 

ap:9 l y to an emJlovee re c e i v in ~ more than $35 per wecl:: a nd who is 

act in.r::" 'O}~imCU'i l v , a l thou ,-:: not ·w'l-lo 11-.- , i n a nanar;e ri a l or e xe cu t i v e 

ca cit 1 (3asic I.ater.or e tation. #15 , Gene r a l J ohnson , NRA. :Bu l l e tin 

#4) 

(n) Prof e ssional Persons 

11 Th f ollovli ng are incl ude d. among p r ofessi onal p e r son s wi t hi n 

the meanin~ of a~ a~r~ h , P3A: News) aper e~or rs, editorial 

wr iter. , r e r!r i te i.1en ancl o t h er me · b e r s of e ditorial s t a f fs , int e rnes , 

nurs es, hosp ital tec:1nicians , r e s ear ch te ch nicia:1s . 11 (Basi c Inter -

p retation 1fo1 9 , Gene r a l J ohnson , N3.A :bu lle t i n 14 ) 

( e ) Towns Of Less Tha n 2500 Popul a.t io:h 

Ce r t ain enm lovers· ·in t owns of l ess t han 2500 p op· lat ion--See Exe cl.'tiv e 

Order #6354 , #6710 and Administ rative Or der 'f=X . 

(f) wne r-o Je:rat' cl St ore s - See AP'?endi x 11 G11 

E . PARA.G3APH #5, i·JI NI :rJlf 'JAG S .APPLICABLE TO NOrT-INDUST3.1AL RJCE~ S 

( P A..~G 3.1\.FY: #2 , El.iPLOY'SS ) 

11 ( 5) Not to p aY ~.r of the classes of ap lo ee s men tioned i n 

l!aragr a:-?h ( 2 ) less t ha n $15 =?er ':;reek i n a ny b i ty or over 500 , 000 

:p o:pul ation , or i n the ::~r.J ediate trade ar ea of such :c ity ; nor less 

than $14 . 50 per weelr in a ny c ity of be t '.'leen 250 , 000 and 500, 000 

p opul a t i on, or in the i mf!!e cli a t e t r a de area· of·. s·uch :c ity ; nor" le s s 

t han $14 p er wee~c L1 an r c ity of b etwe en 2 , 500 a1"!.d 250 , 000 p op ulat ion , or i n the i rrr.1 e o.iat e trade a rea of su ch ci t:t ; and in to·wn s. of 

l ess than 2 , 500 •Jopulat i on to increa s e a ll Hage s b',r not les s t ha n 

20 per c ent , ·Jr ov i ded that th is s1all no t r equir e wage s in excess of 

$12- per Yre el:-. 11 

J.. OFFIC l AL EXPLA.i'!ATIO:..·s - Se e ttp "S Jh #5 , PR.I\. 11 , Ap"9end ix 11 G11 • 

2 . EM?Lo·n S TO WH I CH PARAGRAPH i=5 , P3A MI NI MUL WAGE PROVIS IONS 

A2E APPLICJi.3LE - See 11Para graph #211, ·1tJ3 11 sup ra. 

E!;pLQYL.K·!TS :t:OT I NTK.WED TO :BE COVEiliD BY PRA - See Ap:9endi x 11 G11 , 

and 11Professional Occupat ion s 11 , Ap:p enCl.i x 11 G11 • 

4 . EXCEPTIOrrs TO AND EXEEPTIOFS FROil P3A LIELJJ: . WAGE Pn OVISO.rTS - See 

11 Paragr a9h #4 , PRA - ~e y Llaint c"lnnc e and ::tepair Work 1 an-d 

~o t ion s f ro 111 !viaxi r:m..rn Eo·:1r Pr ov2. slm1s 1 , 11 :; 11 su ra; also see 

1

Appr enti ces 1 , Part-t i me em::> 1o es 1 , Su_'iJ t i t ..1t i ons , a nd Genera l 

Ex_? l anat i ons etc . , k o Jenclix 11 Gl 1 • 

9819 
- 20-

5 . Ii.ll iEDIA':::E . TRJWE .A-sEA -: . . ... 

. ·. 

11 I!"11mediat e T:::'ade Area i s the are a in ':7hi ch the r e' i s dir e c t 

r e t 0 il mpe tition. In ca se of que st ion , tne decisio n shall be 

made ·. by. the local· chamb e r · .o{ comt1erce o~ s],.mila r ·organization sub -

jec t to review by the Stat e Recove r y Board. 11 (:B asic Interpret a tion 

#13 ,· 'GenereU Johnson ,' · N3.A 'I3ulte tln· .#4 ) .. 

F. · PARAGRAFH :f}:'6~ MINII:IUU' WAGES' APPLICABLE; TO INDUSTRIAL W03KE3S 

(PARAGRAPH W3', EMPtOYfEES ) . . ; 

11 ( 6) Not to p ay a:rw lo ee of t h e cla ss e s ment ioned in 

p aragr cr?h ( 3) less than 40 cents ·) er ·hour 'uril·e ss. the hou.riy rat e f or 

. the same class of work on July 15, 1929 , vras l ess t han 40 cent s p er 

· ·. · hour :;: ·.rn V\,;h i ch latter case ··not to p ay less than 't h e holirly rat e on 

July 15 ,' 192 9 , and in no event less than 30 c ents p er ho"J.r. It i s 

agreed that this p aragraph establish es a guaranteed minimum r ate of 

pay regardl e ss of whether the emp loy ee is com) ensated on the b asi s 

of a time rate or ·on ·a piecework performance. 11 . 

1. OFFICIAL EXPLANATIO:r - See "Paragr a:9h #6. ,· PR,A11 ,:· Ap::J endix 11 G11 ." 

2. EiviPLOYri:ENTS . TO 'WHICH PARAG::t.APH #6, P:':tA .MI NIMUi i WAGE PROVISIONS A..iiE 

APPLICABLE - s'ei{':nparagrcrph #3'

11 , 11] 11 suyra . . . ' -

3. EMPLOYMEHTS NOT j }rr.'2FTIED ':20 I3E COVE~ D PT .. P:J.A,. - Sae 4-P·? endix ·· n G11 

and "Professional Occ,.1uations 11 , Aup enG.. i x 11 G11 • 

. ' .... :. . . . . ··.. . :-:_· ·, ~ ·: :_.·~ : .. - . ,• . . . .. . . -· . ": . . . . . 

4. EXCEPTIONS TO A11D EXEMPTIONS F::i.Ofi P3.A .. MI NI M1J_l.i :WAGE ;:t ISI0 S - Se e 

"Paragraph #=4 , PRA - 1Er.'1 e r g encY Liaint e nance and ::tepair \?Ork ' and 

'E em~J tions f'rom Maxi1rrum :Hour Prov sions' ~ 11 D11 s n"9·r a, a lso see 

'App rentices'; "Part-time . eiiii?lo7 ees 1 , Substitutions and Gener a l 

~o tions ·etc ·. ' Ap·'}·endi x · tiG". : .. 

G. ~A...'1AG3.AP I:-1 · #=7·, ·. GO iPE :L~ SATIO!'J FOR EBPLOYMEI?r 

11 (7) Not i to ·reduce t h e co )e:n satio n f 0r · emp loyment nmv in 

e xcess of t h e minimu~ wages hereby agr ee d to ( no twi ths tanding that 

the hours worked in s 1ch em~J lo nent may be hereb ~r r e duced ) and t o 

increase the p i:ty for such 6T.'1p loyilient by an ' equi tabl e r .ea d justr.lent 

of all P?Y sc edul s. ,, . ~ .. 

1. OFFICIAL EXPLAl\TAT'ION ANTI 13ASIC ~?l' J .. ETAT IOHS - See 11 Paragra:p h #7, 

fR.A11 , Appendi x 11 G11 • 

2. PRESERVATION OF WAGE.DIFFERENTIALS 

9819 

11 Q,ue st ion·: we ' have . b een ask ed' VJh e the r ar a: h #7 ,. P.RA r equire s an incre ase in wage s a ll alohg t h e line ab ove t he ·mih'imum, 

entire l y apart from · short ening· of hours. I n other words , the quest ion is asked wh ether Paragr aph #7, PRA r e quir e s· a -pres ervat1on , i n 

some degr ee a t least , of wag e ·di ffe r ential s a ll t h e we.v u:y . 11 (F. S. 

Pollak, Octob e r 18 , 1933 ) "An we r: Imp lica tion is t hat h i gh er 

wages shou l d be adj u st ed by colle ctive b arga ining if p os s ibl e to be 

i n line vr.r i t h incr eas e in minimums . 11 (D. :a . Richb er g, Octob er. :!.8 , 1933) 
3 . BL1!l S 

i.anv iJJ. le, s Pr o r, 1 t r- f P0 ... .... 'l"""~ .•J 1t7 , PlA i.n sp it e en 

Ba s ic Ir .. ter).l. t a t ions ;;-l I :;=20 ~ ">0l llt !~t l i. n !.T"?..A Tiull. e tin #4 . 

So ne i de a c .f t. l~ s •.l. t L • cu 1f. 2- i J \ '['.S i '1 .i at•A-'- L t t J.l l'o llo ;rlnB; e xc e r 9 t 

fro11 the ';in·'..tes OJ. t' qel; t. · n ·· 'JL t ile I r.d:.tf"Sr '. n..L AJrisn ,, Board h l d 

.nUg ' s t r • :~ .; : 

li The b l n:l' e t o'e , F~s f i n l J .· ·)reson tecll CO !lt-.inecl. s ev e r P.l 

adc, iti.)ns \IT.:i . .. i. rd .1evd · ~JC !· : r>t tbP.Ji t t c0 ·o r.h e A.c- 1sor v ds 

ano. th t s 011e of t.:1.:; i) . t.:S E'llt co·iL',ts LOn i s r- 1.1:3 to t.1e insertion of 

t :1e s c or'..~. c- ra . ':'l · ., ~7~s e s) CC.i.al l r t rue ::ts to P" r a .r;r ::u h ~'; 7 I 

ancl i t nns stateJ. t:u1t .o e.-1be of t:1e J 0c:rd l nt ' :i.u ~ ab 0 tt 

t h is '!) a rA ';:i.'f''l') · • 11 

Furthe:r jnd.i.cq,ti0 s cf t.h8 cn:1f ·:s L-1 .l J.lt n.-~ .~. rn 1 Para . !'e.oh 1F7, 

Pll win.' t 'e f o r H .. i..1 t he :--s.A I.e ~1 :!:Hv isL0'1 (F n!.~ J i ·1 S. Poll 1 . ) r.1e !!10r anClum da"Sed A:.l"l.lS t 7, l '!" ~:> 1 i ":1 co::--.:o o'r at e C'l_ .Ln t he AppencU.: . . 

l. 

11 :Jot to use a.Il' 7 sub t erf 1.1.;e t o frustr a te t '1e s·o irlt a11d. int ent 

of this a ree"'lent Yih ic l is, arr1o1 ~ o_th er t h in,:;s, t.::> ii1creace e.mo lo'rJ'len t b•r a ·mi ·.re rsFll covent1.ilt, to renove ob stru c t ion s to co:111e rce , 

a 11.cl to shor t e ,1 ho1.rrs a .. c~ ~o rr>ise wage s for the short e r 7ee ~ t0 8 

l i v · i.lg ·o 8 s l s . 11 

..J.,- ;ru , P3 .. A11 , Ao J en (1_ i. · 11 ('.1 1 • 

11 ( S ) l:ot to i 1c:-e as e tll e ri ce of any :·1erch <:"''1Ct ise solll after 

the cl .. a t e h ereof over t h e n ·ice on Jt. l •r J.., 19::....3 , 1Jy 'l Or~ t J.lan is ma cle 

necessar" ·o:r a c t .:>..al incren.ses L'l -):::-o d ·1c t ion, reol acement, or invoice co sts of le rcha!l ('l is , o:c :.F- taxe s or th e~ costs re sult ing 

fro m actio::. t~ 1 ·:.ro.rs .1a nt to e .rl t. tur .l ;:l. jus~ 1ent Ac t , 

since J-- J..·r l, 1__~2_,;:_ , e 11 u , i ett i. v~ s.1c:1 ) rice i n.u ·eas e s, to g i.ve 

ful 1

. ': e i ) 1t to ::_}robrt0l e i nc ree.ses i rl s <· l es vol u:.1 e anLi.. to r efra in 

fro .-1 t aJ .i ~ ::_J ro.f i. t eeriYJ.p; .8.t:.v.8 :'lt n..:;e Oi ·.h e C0''1. S,..l1.1i '1[?; :pu b l ic . 11 

( 9819) 
- 22-

l. OFFICIAL EXPLANATIONS - See 11P&.ragraph ~S , .A:onendix "G. II 

2. PRICES 

"where the July l, 1933, price was a distress nrice , 

the employer signing. the agreement may take his cost 

price on that date a-s the b&se fbr such increase in 

selling price as is nermitted. by Paragraph =#= 9. 11 

(Basic Interpretation #5, General Johnson, NRA 

Bulletin #4) 

J. PARAGRAPH 4/=10, COOPERATION 

11 (10) To sunport and patronize establishments which also 

have signed this agreement and are listed as members of N.R.A. 

(National Recovery .Administration)." 

1. OFFICIAL EXPLANATION - See "Paragraph #10, PR..A, 11 Apnendix 11 G. 11 

K. PARAGRAPH #=11, CODES 

11 (11) To cooperate to the fullest extent in having a code 

ef fair competition submitted by his ·industry at the earliest 

poss~ble date, and in any event before Septe'mber 1, 1933. 11 

1. OFFIC TAL EXPLANATION - See Paragraph #11, PRA, 11 .App&ndix "G. 11 

" 

1. PARAGRAPH #12, .APPROPRIATE ADJUS'TivlENTS. 

11 (12) Where, before June 16, 1933, the undersigned had contracted to purchase goods at a fixed urice for delivery during 

the ueriod of this agreement, the undersigned will make an ! 

appr~priate adjustment· of said fixed price to meet any increase in cost caused by the ·seller having signed this 

President's Reemployment Agreement or having become bound 

by any code of fair competition anproved by the President. 11 

.. l. OFFICIAL EXPLANATION - See "Paragraph ~/= 12, PRA, 11 Appendix 11 G. 11 

2. RELIEF TO GOVERNMENT CONTRACTORS 

Relief to government contractors, in the event costs of 

performance of such contracts were increased as a result of 

compliance with tho PRA and codes of fair competition, was 

provided by the 73rd Congress and the President. See "Public 

Act #369, A:onendix 11 H. 11 

M. ~~~GRAPH #13, TERMINATION OF AND SUBSTITUTIONS TO THE PR.A 

9819 

11 ( 13) This agreement shall cease uuon auproval by the 

President of a code to which the undersigned is subject; 

of, if tho N.R • .A. so elects, upon submission of a code to 

which the undersigned is subject and substitution of any 

of its provisi ons for any of t~e terms of this agreement." 
l. OFFICIAL EXPLAl~ATI ON - 11 Pfl r agr a. h /. 13 , PRA , 11 Anuend ix 11 . 11 

. 2. EFFECT F APPB.QVAL OF A CODE UPON COlJTI;JDATI ON OF T;{E PRA 

( a) 

( b) 

( c) 

( d) 

• 11 em ~ of e trad or i ndu t r y n r .q t i ng und r the P A, 

or Pm·or ov d sub ., ti t u t cd i~ , a t t he t imc of 

appr ova l of a p r man nt c0d e by t h P c'"' i dE- nt may conti nue ouernting undP r t he PRA or a'lur ov d ubs titu ti on 

until th effective da t e of t he cnde , or may b 'gi n ope ra ting und r the ·Na c And h our nr ovi i ons of the code a t 

a'ny time be tween the .da te of anpr ovRl by t he Presi d nt 

and t he effective da te." (Gene r a l J ohnson, October 25, 

1033) . ' . 

11 It is t he pinion of the Legal Division, NRA, t ha t the 

PRA does not: cea se until the signa'tory t .o the PRA is 

b ound by the provisions ·of a code which has become 

ef fe ctive ." (Stanley S. Surrey, r'ebru.ary 7, 1934) I 

11 A non-signatory of t he PRA ought to sign the PRA before 

he may el e'ct a s to whether or riot- he will abide by the 

FRA or by the code during the ner.~od betwe en auoroval 

and effe ctive dCl te of. the code for his industry." 

(Na tional Compliance :Soard, February 17, 1934) 

11 In cases where a code exe!Tlpts a person from its provislons wjth resnect to certa in of his ?Perations, 

then t here is no code to which he is subject with 

res'flect to those ope.r a tions and the signatory of PRA 

should be required to. ;e.ornply with such pro.vi si ons of 

the PB:A .B:s .. reJ.ate to. those operations." (National 

Compliance. Board., Fepruary 16, 1934). Also see . 

Ch pter~ .I II, S e<:t ;ion.. VI~ I.~ .- 11 PRA Pol ic~es -Subs ti tu ti ons 

To the . J:'R.A., 11 . . , ... , . . . . ' 

N~ PA._AAGRA.PH #14, EXCEPTIONS 

9819 

11 (14) It is ~eed that any person who ish s to do his part 

in the President 1 s reemuloyment drive by signing .this. agreement, 

but who a sserts ti1at some particular provision hereof, because 

of Peculiar circ~stances, will create great and· unavoidable 

hardship 1 may obtain the benefits hereof by signing this agreement and putting it into : effect and then, in a petition approved by a representative ~r~de ass0oiation of his ~nd~stry, 

or other representative organizati on designated by N~R.A., may 

.apnly fo~ a stay. of such provision pending. a summary investigatio~ by N.R.A., if he agrees . in such apulication . to abide 

by the decision of such investigation. This Agre ~ent is 

entered intJ pursuaDt tp Section 4( a) of the -National Industrial 

Recovery Act and subject to all t he terms and conditions required by Sections 7( a) 9-nd lO(b). ·of th2.t · Act. 
-24--

I. OFFICIAL BXP.LANATIONS A:rfu ·]ASIC INTERP~TATIONS -- See . 

. VII 

., 

,, B. 

.. .. , r .. 

' . 

9819 

"Paragraph #14• PRA, 11 Appendix 11 G11 also see Chanter III, 

Section x, :ripR.A P·o'iicl.es - Excepti'cn1s To The p·RA. ·" 

DURATION OF THE .A.GREEJ.:EN'T.. · 

A. ORIGINAL AGREEJ.OOJT (August ·1, 1933 December 31, 1933) 

Signatories to the President's Reerrroloyment Agreement agreed 

with the President to comply with its nrovisions (1) during 

the period ·of t:he Pi"esident 1s Emergency Reemnloyment Drive, 

August 1, 1933 ·to :Qecember 31·, 1933 ( oriening naragral')h of the 

Agreement) o·r (2)' ·until an'J'roval by the President of a code of 

fair competition to which the signatory was subject (paragrauh 

13, PRA) or (3) if the NRA so elects, UDOn submission of a 

code to ·which the sigi:ratory wr:ts subject and substitution of 

any of· its provisions for any c'f the terms of the Agreement 

(paragraph 13, PRA) • 

The tegal Division, ~A, on February 7, 1934, interDreted the 

phrase 11 auuroval by the President of a code to which t..~e undersigned is subject" to mean that the nrovisions of the code must 

be binding upon the signatory to the P~ before ne is released 

··from the obligations of the Agreement. Therefore, the PRA 

does- not cease in such cases unti1 the signatory to the 

PRA is bound by the provisions of a code which has become 

effective~ (See Paragranh ~~~13, -Te-rmination of and 

Substitutions To The PRA, 11 p. 31). · 

As mentioned the Presiclent 1 s ·Agreer1ertt wc:-·.s a ·temporary measure 

to tide ···over the time until ·all · employers and emnloyees could 

cooperate under codes of fair comnetition. A signatory to 

the PRA agreed to coonerate to the fullest extent in having 

a code submitted by his industry at the earliest nossible date, 

and in any event before September l, · 1933 (naragraPh 11, PRA). 

Ey limiting the original Agreement to December 31, 1933, the 

Admin is tra tion evidently honed to ·-have all employers 6-oerating 

under codes by that date. This uroved to be imnossible so the 

President offered to extend the ·Agreement. · 

FIRST EXTENSION (January l, 1934 ·to ·April 30, 1934) 

On December 19, 1933, the President ·offered to ·extend t:1e 

A~reement as follows, 

11 ! hereby offer to enter· into - the Pre·sident's Re·emoloy-

··ment .Agreement with every employer, insofar as he is 

not covered by an approved code of fair competition, 

for a further -neriod of 4 months from January 1, 1934, 

to April -30, 1934, or· to any earlier date : of auproval 

of a code of ir comueti tion to wh ich he is subject. 11 

(Executive Ord er A6515) 
9819 

Executive Orde r {b5515 .., e cified furth r thn.t , 

and, 

11 a ll ub titutions and exerrm tion annr oved ,. and a.ll 

excen ti ons g r a nt ed to n~rticula r emnloye r s , b fore 

nu y 1, .1934 , will nu~ly t o the President's ~eemnloyment Agreer. ent a so -extended" 

. . 11 Empl0yers who shall have al ~ady signed the -President's 

Reemnl yment Agr eement befo~e Jam.1ary 1, 1934 , may 

~cce t this offer of extension by d i spl ay of the Blue 

Eagle 0n or aft e r J anua r y 1, 1934. Employers who shall 

·· not have signed the Presi dent 1 s Ree:n~loyment Ag r eement 

befpr ~ ~~uary 1, . 1934 , may accept this offer of exnsi()jl by signing the President's Reemnloyment Agr eemen t." 

• ' tJI 

C. SECOliD Aii!D FI..:;AL EXTEeSION (:.1ay l, 1935 t o t he da t e the 

signatory becarne subject - to al'). an-oroved code of f a ir comnetiti9n) . . 

. . . On Anril 14, 1934, the Pr es ide~t again offe red to ext end 

the . PRA as f oll ows : . 

11 1 hereby offer to enter into the Presiden t's Reemployment 

.Ag reement with: tht3 hea_d ·of every busi:ness establishment 

as to any -na rt of his busi_ness not subj~c~ .to an anproved 

. code of f c1ir cornnet.i tion, _ .;for a further ner.iod beg inning 

May 1, 9~4 , and · ending. wh-e:r;1 . t.ha t part of his business 

bec01ne.s ·subje-ct ,to an approved code of fair c orn'lJeti ti on." 

(Exe cutive 0Tder #66 7~-A) 

. . 

Executiv-e Orde·r #66 78-A specifie-d further that, 

·• ' 

11 all subs ti tu ti ons. and. e;xcrnpti ens annroved, and all 

excep tions granted .to pq rticula r - emp loyers, before 

1ay 1, 1934, will annly to the Pres-id~nt 1 s Reernnloy-

.. men-t. -Ag reernen t ! a s so extended" 

: ... - ... 

11 Empl·'o~er s ~ho · shall ha~~ ·s ~gned . tl~e ~resident 1 s Reernpl,oym.en t. Agreement before Mp.-y- ·1, 1934, may accept 

thi $· 9ff:!3r ·: of . ex ns~ OJ1: by, s}i ;:>plq,.y by them shall be 

deemed an a ccepta nce of this offe r. Emp loye rs who 

s~ll• n o:t have sign_ed the ~-r.e~~d nt 1s Reemoloyment 

Agre e!Ilen t before May 1, 19~4, . may a .cc·e-pt .. this offer 

of -extensi.on by -signing, .the: -Preside nt 1-s E.eernpl oyment 

,Ag;re,emen t. 11 

, I 
9819 

- 26-

D. PRESENT STATUS 

~~he contra ct (PRA) formulated by the offer extended 

by Executive Order No. 6678-A and accepted by display of the Blue Eagle after .May l, 1934, must be 

construed to terminate at the latest . on June 16, 

1935. This contract was entered into by virtue of a 

statute which by its terms was to expire no later 

than June 16, 1935. We cannot conside r that employers 

intended. to. bind themselves not only for the specified 

period of the Act~ b.ut for any subsegue·nt· term which 

Congress may specify by amendment of the Act. Executive 

Order No. · 7076 dated June '15, 1935,· continues in effect 

all existing· Exeputive Orders s o far as consistent 

with the recent amendments to the N.-I.R.A. I do not 

think this can be construed t(). extend the P.R.A. since 

if we cons ide.r that ·the original offer of ,::tn agreement 

carried the imnlied term tha t the agreement was to 

f 

ev.:tend only until June 16; 1935, the .. E? tension of this 

Executive Order has no effect. Theref.ore, I am of the 

oninion that the :E'.R.A. could not in any event have been 

deemed to be binding unon any employer beyond June 16, 1935, 

in the absence of any acquiescence on his part and on the 

President to an extension of the agreement. 

~owever, I would go further. It seems to me" that the 

P.R. A· . must be. deemed to have · been abrogated by the 

Presiderit ... on Ma·y 27, 1935. ·on tha t date following 

the Schechter decisi·on, the President announced to 

the public, through Donald R. Richberg, , that the enforcement of ~11 ~xistin~ codes would be suspended, 

and this announcement carried the clear ;infe'rence that 

no fu,rther codes would be approved; at least until 

further legislation is enacted. It was clearly the 

intention of t ·he P.R.A. (at lea st of its latest ex-

. te~si~n) that it should be binding upon that small 

·~ mfnqr.ity of employ~rs who were rtot ·SUbject to auuroved 

codes. They w0uld be placed at no competitive disadvantage since most other employers were subject to 

codes. The agreement in terms was to terminate unon 

the auproval of a code. When on May 27, all codes 

were ip effect abrogated and the possibility of the 

approval of further . codes was eliminated, ! · think we 

must deem the P•R.A;. to have been susnended. 

Whether the Schechter decision invalidated the P .R.A. 

retroactively ·is another question and one which will 

require c'areful· study·. The same nrob1em would be 

involved. if we wish to propose ano'ther P.R.A. at the 

present time." (George Branz, Legal Division, 

June 21, 1935) 
- : ?- ., 

I. I Ill '...1 P? .. A. v~I . . ~ 

Initi.., l P-:A ll l iciP, ,., re 0Pve'J. , nP~ l..·7 t:1'" A '·Ji· is.t:i.·,+or in' 

coll...,' oration •riLl. tuP s PCi ·l r· { ~tstt !'-1 1 ::lPCC'V ::·r Bo J::·C\. , D:? . oi ~ted r 

t' e Pr a- siC: ,.,nt (E~:"' :t vP Gr(er ://=017', June , l -:,33) ·:: ic:l 8..nroved. JTIA 

:Eulleti: s _·unJers 1, 2 , :;, ' .-:1c~ v, ':-·1Cl. t 11P tllrP- P AC'.v isor·r :!J ros 

(Ind. t:ci""l A' vi '' Ol'' Eo ~· , ;"' 1 JOi ntt-'0. 'Jy the Se c e'to.:ry of. .:;:e rc~"~ ; 

Lal.. Ol' Acl1.·istorr 3o ·.1·C. , !'l_X) OL1t eCl. "Jy tLle Se c.lE> t:'.-... 7 of 1 1. Jo r ; Co nsume rs .Advis ory 

Bo..:.rd , ~J) Oi 1 f'c~ · y the clJJ i~i st:.'P.to:.) . 

Ed.ucation<'l ::CJ Olicit?s r; e r P :iPvelo J~"~cl. ~nC. T.."Oiaul :ated by the ~.iR A Public 

Re latiOi1:S Divi 5';ion Un.c>~:.' t .. 1e SU~)P I'Vi ion o:f ; ·r . -n.r PS s. HornPr . Policies 

co ce:·~1in-::- the :Presic.e:1t 1 s ReP.n ..~ loy 1ent ,PF er~'.n ·-rer.e o.P velo-?Pd. and ro r~ul

gated b;; Ge.:eral Thonas S. ~~a- no.1u., ExP·cut ivr:> Dir" c O'I'. C'f t':w Presi d.ent 1 s 

Eoc r r;e11cy Rt- e:1..:_Jloyneilt Pro --r.,.:.l. Pe t itions f or. Pr Ji s s i on to substitute 

provisions of subnitte::' codes f or ·p rovisions of the PR..ll.., .q,u o·_~ ized in 

p ..,r ..... t;r a:?h ://:1':: , P_ A Te e in t.he bP t in:a ing h;:.ndled by e'?ut~ r Ac.rnini strators 

a_p 10 in ted t o co r1sider pose6. co0 e R sub~i t tP. d. t o tile Ad:ni r:i s trn.t ion :'or 

C\.'9-:.);rovn.l. Thi 8 ··_)l'Ocedu:·e C"'' USed. ge::le r a l confusi on a nd. ro sul ted in the 

e5';t ..... -,)lismnent of the PRA Policy J3 oa:.,d . 

II. P::.:\A POLICY TIGAP..D (.Aue;ust '? , 193::. to (JctobPr 26 , 1 9 33) 

On .Au · ust 7, ;1 903 , the Aclr.fn i s trator au·.Join t ed the PRA Pol icy ]oa:.·d 

to ( l) correlate the ·ooli cie s •; ursueci in Genera l 1iar~r:1 ond r s P:S..A Admini stration 

and .:r • .2o:::-ner 1 s Ec"uc~ ti onal D~·i ve ( 2) c onsider Rnd re~'J ort to 'the ~Jation l 

Recovery .Aominist:::- e.tor Ul)On ·o eti tions for substht utions, of code urovisions - : - t , .. -· 

for PRA nrovisicns (P:..r ..,.r.:r:t:oh #1 3 , P:i..A) c:md ( 3) to i e ue o..l l inte.ruret-".tions 

ol the PM,. (Office Gr c. ~r ~- . 18 , c.·\tecl Auc .1st ? , l S33) . · 

The personnr-> 1 of the o:.'i g in?..l P::'..A Polic'.' :Bo -·r0. 

C!l~ irman ".nr .Ac.ni '1i st ra to r 1 s ?e·o r e sPn t3.t { ve , ' :Llo.be;t 

. . 

co· 1 s i s t P ci. of ( l ) 

. St v~~ , (2) a ~ -

repre sen t2.ti ve of La'J or assi g:1eO. :fr om t he Lc-.o or A.c'.v i sor:· Boa~·t: , -·W. E., 

Leise.c s on , (3) a re'!JresentativA of InC:.ustr r assi,c;ned by the Industrial 

C!. visor~, Boa r d , Edv:rard R. Stettinus , Jr., (4) Secre tarv eno. Li a i son Of::icer J , 

''." it> E1e Industrial Led i c:.tion Eoard , Robe rt K. Stra·..1s , ~.nd. ( 5) '\ l ogsl 

~.Y ""O ' to t :le Chairman sel e cted from the lJRA Lege.l Divisirn , ru.bourne I 

Jo .c.ston. 

C. TERLiii.ATI l::.J 

, j . 

The PR.A Polic;:,r 130 '' 1'0 co:1tinu·-> o. t o e::::P '.. t t:.'lP functions. mentioned 

above unti l tne est.:.blishro1er..t o.f the ~·~,_ t::..o.Pl CmnliP.nce :s :::- d on Octo·oer 

2G; 1933 , at ,-!.1i61 tiDe the P~ Folic / _,_;O".:tc. •·--..sll> "-bolished. ·and. a ll of its 

duties and :func t ions nece s s a ry to pe le:cfo:.·mecl i7e r e tr-:. :::sfe rrPd to the 

~ational Com:oli e.ncA.3or-:;_·d . (G :fice C~der =/f=-C:.J} , GctobPr\26 , 1 933) . $ " • I I 

9819 
.:..28- · 

III• 3J.JUf EAGLi DIVISIGE NRA (Au-:;ust l 'l , 1933 to Gctooe r 20 , 1 903) 

According to Gff ice Grder #2i d a ted AQ:~ t 1n , l 933 j si gned b~ 

T. S. ~ia:- nd , ~~ecuti ve D1:re c t or; P re si c. en t 1 s Re PmJlo"ymen t Prog ram, the 

o.eSiGn r- ti on of th~, t of ::C ice (President Is :aee.m y;:ie nt Progra::) .. \-rg,s to be 

113h.Le Eacl e Di isi~ n t -:7..A. 1

1 ·ThP ~: in ~_ 1 "Bl ue .E2.r;le Di vi 9i on consi s.ted 

of 0 sections: (l) 'E ~-ec .. tt.ive Sectionf ( 2 ) L1forma t;ion Sec t ion, (3) 

Rec overy :Sonr d s Sec.t ion; ( 4) Com·)l a int s Section, ( 5') In ter-'J :tet~ t ion 

·:s ect ion, (6) .&~ce ~) tions Section• ·. (7) Tr.q,c.e ss oci n. t~on Sect ion , ·(8) 

I nsi gni :\ Sect ion- Al t hough thP I nsigni a Section i s included ih thE? Blue 

~· le Divisi on se t u:_J a s outlined in a :SL:.e Eagle Division memorandum 

'd ':' ted Auc;ust 11' 1 933 , t~ wr e a·t)y> e ars ' to b e SOr18 quest ion regarding the 

lnsi gn:i:: a Section coming ·L:rnd.e r the :Bhi.P ERgle Di vision, c:ts the ·.sl? c ti6n is 

omit ted. from ctll ·subs equent :Slue EP,g le ·:;j i v ision · memo randa• (See HBl ue · 

le 'Divi-sion, l::RA, 11 Ap E' x t!B 11 ) 

· · Be SSG-TIGNS H.AEDLHJG P:':i.A PGLICIES 

The sections . of the Blue Eagle Divis i ons handling PRA p oli c i es Be re 

(1) Ex ecutive Section, .which waE · cha:te;eo .. -i th clear in .. all administrat ive 

rn0.tters :r·F?.gareing dPcisions of :policy either within the Division br from 

t he PRA PC?licy c~ (DeE.D. r . =f/:1); ( 2) Interpretati on Section which 

d isseminated inf ormat ion re g~l cH ~ the o.bt::ti n ing of the :Blue EP.gl e.: and 

el "'l.b oro.. ted on b .::,sic L1 te:.~ [t ions incorp or e1ted in 1TR.4. Bulletins #4 and 

tho se mad.e r the PRA Policy "B o." .. r e. (3eE&D. k • . #2 and. 10)';_: r:tnd.. ·( :::) 

Ex c eD tions Se ction , 1~1 ich uas de sic na t ed t o receive a ll 9e titions for 

e x ceptio;.1 , '- ized '\)_nde r Par:',::.r o.ph #1 4 ; PRA~ .( 3 . E.D. L. #=2 8hd # ln). 

C. !1EC.i'J.GAlHZATI O::·: 

O::'f ice Orde r # 05; :.~.t d. Sep t ember: l S , 1·· 33, au t .horized. a reorgani zatio1 

and col olid ti ~m ·of the :Slue Eagl e Di.:vi sion by I.:r . Frank :Heal y apyointed 

to ~e ovel' t he d.ut. i es heretofore pe rfor med by Ge ne ral Harmond . According 

to B.E.D. L. #1 3 , Septenber 30 , 1933 , all s e ctions of h~ Div.ision nere 

abolished a.ncl W. P. Fn.r n s vrorth, .A,s sist211t Couns e l, Bl u e Eagle Division was 

si ed. the responsibility ·f or interpreting and e~laining the PRA and 

substi tut~ons a.lloued thereu.nder·;. · Al thou gl1 it was not sta t ed , his ~) onsib3.li•ty nas S\ . .tbjoct t o f ina l ap:9r ova l of the PRA Policy Boa rd.. Also see 

App en eli X II c If. 

D. . TERMI NA'I'IGN 

With the esta'b li shrnent of the rffiA Cor:nliance Division on O.ctober 26, 

1933 , the Blue E\ .~~ e Divisi on , NRA, bec.:.ne t he 3 1 ue Eagle Branch of the 

Co~D li nce Division;. (Office Orde r #40)~ 

tv·. COMPLI~ CE DIVI SIGr Ir..iA. (Octobe r 26 , 1 933 to August 29, 193 5) 

A. O?.I GI N Ai'JD _-sLUE EAGLE J3RAlJCH 

On ·october 25 ·, 19 33· t her e ~as e st a blished. in HR.A; a ·comu lia.hce Divisior 

headed b;y a Na.tio11al Com 1lia.nce Direc t or . The :Bl _._e Eagle Division., NRA, 

b ecamP the Blue ~: le Br nc 1 of the Com)li&."lce Division and continued in 

charge of r.:r.._ F:.·anl: Heal y ·, Ch i e f ·• (Of fice Order !:To. 40 ) 
. 9-

TlF :, cf' E['l le ~r 1C1 , SO")li .CF' ::'.l~i lC'n : · .• r S'DC' :;.. l1>l r'> ':' or ..,.11 

l"l''tt·· rc: co·:c ·nL.l ' -:-1? P:: , i.t llCi' i ·. 1 · r·w t io-;.r. , p·: r1ti 1s 1d,· 

·:;>e rrnlssion .to o'O r"'~ P u;y·' r J"'l iOl .1t ct' , om 1. ~· (' ~10"1 -CO"l >li •n c 

1.1c' coirespC'nG.~·--lc· ·it. t t·~tP , Di~t ic '"'"h~ Lo " l O"' ... r. . (v;f len ;·e.,or'"~n

durn d.;-tf'c3 (Jcto er ~'-' , ~~·3 • Al r· o l:P"' C0 "1•1li~·l P Di · j sion , :"'RA" , 

.A:p p~n(L· 11D 11 • 

vn ~-()vp->'"uF-r '"'.' , Sr~. , t'u:• ...:lu EC'~'lE" ~1''"\•lC'l , Co rq""~li'"~:1CP Division , \78.8 

anol.-;;~. '"~tPci :"li1C·. o .. 1.so li E'te(i in the L::;,')o r, T ·a.Cl e Pr"'ctice nn<'l AdmiYJ.istrative 

Bral1C!18S o " the Com 1li" 'l P Divisio,1 (0. 0 . #4? ·md C. :V . G. r·. #1 ) •. Tl1° La bor 

Br,nch h~nc'lec ""'""ti tic s f or •-':·ce~t ions frc~ the PRA ( nuthori zecl. in 

P r.n · r:t:)h #14 , P:::U. '1:1-.\. l1e .Ad.ui istr1.tivP :Brancl~" handl ed co rres:9 oncJ.ei1Ce and 

i nforrn":tt ion ( I nter'OrPtettions) r~.:;'"'rf~L :-; the PR.A (C . #l) . 

T11"' A:1.:1 l :r is 3:.·...,nc ~. , Co:-:1 oli•.nc e Di v i sion , est?.1;lishecl A.,J ril 1 2 , 1934 , 

absorbed thP Jerson·le l "nc1 c' J.t i . s o"!' th0 Ln.Jor 1.:1Cl T~ :1.o,e Pr·=tc ti ce Branches 

a'oo li sned ( 0 . 0 . ://=83 ) P.:. .. .A corres-'}OI.deYJ.CP -:-.n~ i nt eryrPt :=1.tions "f':t;'e Pl so 

h~nc .. l cd. by thr .An.:l y i s :Sr ' nch q 

D. IE::::U .• ~.AT I GN 

The :p~rs nn~l , rPCOl'cls ::me~ un.te~: :=t l of the Corp li ::no e Division, 

NTI..A Res iono.l ~'nd St at e .. ~f ices ·i;~=~ e tr ~1 fe red to tl.1e F i E2 l d D~vision , 

l'ffi.A, on Aue:,"l.:tst 29 , l S05. (GL" ice I·1stru ction #21 ) 

Y. .A~i'IG~ AL CGLPLI.fuJCE J v.ARD (Gctober 26 , 1 933 to: a.y 21, 1934) 

A. OR I G n; Aiu PU?.PO SE 

.~ 

A ~Ja tion".l Com·Jlip_o;.c e :n ~· i. _ uas tn li shed in t he 1JRA on October 26 , 

1 9::=:3 :.= or the ~)U. rlJOse of : ( l ) }Jel:f o ::-mincr >.ll n e c essal'Y C: .. ~t es a nd functions 

of t he PRA Poli c:r Boa r d , abo l i sheo_, ( 2 ) u ·Jon r eferenc e of COPl'()l ':>.in ts from 

the Hation:-- 1 Com_) liwce DirE>ctC'r , unde r 'lki :v; furthe r att em·9ts qt adjustP.'len t , r ecom· 'e~1<i e:'- c e:9t ions, rPmovP. t he :,lue E.:1,?;l e , or recOPlflf? nd. r e f e rence 

to t~e Fede ral Tr ~d e Commission or the Attorne• GPneral f or ?D~ ro riate 

action (Office Orc'.e r #40) . Although O:='fi ce (Jrder #40 and (;ffi ce : -ernore.ndum 

dqted veto bf- r 28 , 1933 , stated the.t no Cl. i vision of rffi.A other th~m t~1e 

·Blue Ea"'le :BrEnch, ComDli3Jlce Di vision , s11ould. a t ten~J t to int er:,:>re t . the 

P. A> ~11 "'Uch. inter )re t at ions 1i7ere considered anfl a-:rDrove ,_ 1F the·· Nationa l - - • 'J ' 

Com~) li "'~lee 3 o ard. Also s ee 11Nc:tional Com·oliance :Board 11 , p[1_ge" 1 37 - 139. 

The pel'sonnel of the or i :r in J.l ·Tat i()nA.l Com) lia nce Bo:~ c.. (first meeting 

October 30, 1933) , consisted of : (l) cti~g h~irm~ , Colone l Robert W. Lea (}.ir . Wn . 1 • . Davis, a:p:9 oi nted Chair:JC'.n n:'!.cl -"" q tiona l Com:9J_i an ce Director, 

-ove:nber 24 , 1933 , Office 0:cd.E>r #L~5 ), U-) tin · I i.lCb .. striFll Adviser , J:r . 

C. 1. Heyni uer, (r :.r. L. D, T:1orn·?Jdn.s c-;:r::l cinf~pc': ___ I Dd..u.stri o.l Adviser by the 

Ch:;.irr:!a n of the Indu stri 8l .Adv isor~r :b o ,·,·{ on or :··bout lrovPT!ber 1 , 1933) , 

(3) Labor Adv iser , D::.· . LP o 11ol:'l'l.l1 , 'YT;)Oi nted by th8 Ch1.irry:.n of the Lqb or 

9819 
-30-

Advisory 13o , _rd• Pe r manent .Ad. vi sers to t h e i.~a t i one l ~"' TT li cc e o::l. : 

(1) Couns8 l, Frcml-::lin s. Poll "k , '::),ssi gned. by· t h e Le-: e.l Division, r~A , 

( 2) Econor'l iG ;:mc1 St a tist icc.:..l AC:.vi ser, St a n l ey I. Po s ner, a ssi gne d by t he 

Res e arch .:'.no. Pls.nning Division, NRA.· -ecuti ~ Sec :;_~ etar , G. Cla.i borne 

Ro ll~ · Jr •. -(Off i ~;> Oro l~ s · #40 . =#='1 5). · " 

On l·."..'l.y 21, .1934 , w ti ...., l Com·Jli ":1 ce :B o. s boli s~:->cl and i t s 

function s ·1nC. ·,1eTs o:1n:=- l --;e r e-- fo e6. t o -t:,;,e Com<> li a.nc e Di visi o:a, ,JR.A. 

f.t~l·c e r .. ~ $aA ) V V .. Lc • -'- 1T;:J ' • 

VI. ADVI SGTI.Y CGTTC IL , _ CG J?LIAFC ~:. JI'.'I SICi:·T, ::JRA (: .y 23 , 1934 t o J une 8, 

4) 

Dr. Al t r1eye r, Ch i ef of t ilE- Com·,)J.i.;uce Division, illA , on : ·ay 23 , 19 34 , 

re quested. G.nd . ..,_-'-,_t h orizec3. t he ne- wbe r s of t h e ~~2. ti l Com·)liance :So ar d 

(abolishPci ) to con tinue to s e r v e as Councilors until furt her no t ice. 

(First me:' e ting Ad·:i sory Council,' Co :1 li ''.r ... ce Ili vision ~). The u.."1c i ons 

ancL ·duti c_, s :.. er: ~:. ined the s c..:ae a s tho so cie le-·-:atecl to the f o rmer rTational . 

COiil) li<?..nce :3oa :cC:. . Cc..\pt:,.in Een::c:r Will_ iams n-s.s ointe d Ch::d r ma.n and 

essrs. Be~1ney Rml Rur1le~r co tinu~cl s-.s La-u or .w d Industrial .Advisers, 

-:> ct i vel;:r. 

VI I. Cu!.l'LLtJ.\fCE CGUi·:CIL, iJ:J.A. 

On June 8, 19~ 4, . t l1e n E1.r.1 e of the Ac,_vi sor:_r Co· ... mcil, Com·Jli ?-nce 

Division, mu., Yias cha i1:<2; e cl to Comp li 2.nce Cm .. mcil, NR.A, because· of conf licts 

wi t;.h othe r Advisory COUl1cil s. Cap t ·:tin Hen:q r Williams cont inued a s Chcdrme.n 

of the Com·-?lia.nce Council until l1is resigna tion on Se:p t e::!lbe r ' 1934. 

Mr. Ruml ey continued as Ind.ustri 1..l Adviser a.."1d a lso o..cted a s Chairman. 

Lat er, a s e cond Com·1liance Council, ffiA, ne.s orgMized to a ssist i n 

dis:posinr; of the l a r ge volume of case s 1.7hich ~1 d accUJ:lula ted. l.Ir. Rumley 

served as Industrial 1:.:ember ano. Chairman of one, P.nd 'tlr. :Behney as Labor . I 

Mer'!ber and. Cha .. irman of the othe r. 

A. AuTHu:'.I1'Y 

The authority for allor:L1{; tra.des and i :.1c'lustrie s to snbsti t u t e certain 

Jrovisio :~ s of codes of f a ir competi tio 1, subr:1i tt e o. by them for approval by 

l'JRA, f or co:..~re sp cling p rovisions of the PRA, 1!9..S incorporat e d. in P:=u a graph 

· #13, P:RA, ~1 i ell sta ted.: 11 I'hi s o.gree n.en t shall ce a se --- , L tl1e ru so 

ele c ts, u:oon su-bmission of a code to 1.7~. ic h t he und.ers :: ec. i s subjr-ct ."nd 

S\.l.bst itution of .w y of its ··Jrovisions f or ['..ny of t he ter"'1s of tl1is 

re er-1e~1t-" • 

. In t h e beg inn ing the -.Je ti tions suoini t t ec1. by ac~ es and ind.ustries 

to substitute ro osed code p~ ovi io~ s fo r P3A ?rovisions ~e re handled by 

the Deputy Adrainistr ators 11:-ndlin::--:; t he :_Ja r ticul;::.r cod es. Thi s :y rocedur e 

r e sulted in genera l co11fusion an cl. ~. ck oi 1.:·.ni f orn i ty · in olic~r and. re sulted 

in est ablishment of the PRA Policy :3 o·-:.rcl. ~ A"u:?;: . .ts t '7 , 1933 • .Among ot her 

duties a ssi gned to t i1is boal"ci. , it -: s·. to "consi der a :ld re:p ort to the 

National Re cove r:r Ad.r.1in i st:.'at 01~ on ye ti ti o;1s f or s ub stitutions of code 

provisions f or PRA u r ovisions c~ er Se ction 1 3 , PR.A (0.0. -#18) "• 

9819 
"I 

-· .J. 

13 . 

In e.c~--i io~: o '"1."m'i·ovL.- '.lb~ti 1tiC' 1l · lP P~A , t'1P .,..,A in " n rriber 

o::' i::1st3. ces cn-,Jroveo. r.J(< tl "~ions o"" 11"' s1 c-tit '.tiol~~ , s :nor P.''l11lle , 

t~lfl r~ _: dif i -:-t ion of '~" S1 •Stlhl i ·"'n .l'o: p~:..·- .-- :..0)'1 {3 , P;A (.1 .... ximum ho rs 

ap:9l icable to induc·tl·ial .. orkor'"') -r·u ~Ni. to the I,;e t Pac ~in" nd.'lSt r~r 11 , 

'9\)roved. b'r C-ener·.1l John on o·1 June l ;j , 193-1: for 1 .rloc1 of four '7ee::s 

e.nCl. subsequP::.tl3r e··tt· 1cl..Cl u•1ti1 J .':'.nucrv 1() , s·~s . The· oc:.i ficatir11 

mmtione0. '.7<'" a~1 Yt o r~c1 o: ... t or; ,endation o··· !l~ :;:.;'E'd.el''l.l Sur-:_:>h:s e lie 

Corpo :ation , in :L~C:. r to ~ Lrt~1e1· t:1"' e 1e r c=-nc:r c;;.tt.lP uu.yin·· c nC:. ~=>E'lf 

c ._Y!ninG ::.:> r ~;rm: fo:..· " li . f of ~1e d.··ou._:;:1 t situ~ ti r n , D.i1c' on account of the 

difficulty of ob taining n~ r~inin~ a~~ ition ..., l E'l1)loyees to ~eP t the 

emersenc;>r si t.uat ion urine· the summt: .:-nC:. :." ::Ul o ; 1904. 

c. 

l o IF A CGJE .lAS v~l 7 IL...: ·;r 1H J: . .._, CG:t:T:'"'GL DIVISIGK, 10..A. 

The petition-.: r -,CIS iastr ctPC; to : (1) ·o -~-..., in the code O j: <". co JY 

t lle rPof, ) ~l:te:Jo.::: P c 11 _) 0 tit ion f o r ~ffiA c onsent to substitution 11 , in 

qu.ad.ru:o lic •.te ~J-=' Ci 'll :.:'or:Js ~J;· &e , se t+ ing 0 11.t in f ull t he code 

:Jrovi sions t o be substi tutecl and. t ho PPL11. :·f ar-~r-...ph s to be eliminn t ed by 

number, anci ( .... ) p resent th7' coci e an'' t he :petition , toget~w r -ri th cr edentials 

s ·w·,1ing tha t the petitioners ~-! ere duly consti t ut8ci repre s ent a ti i;e s of the 

trade or industry to t h e Sec reta.L y of the ~ Polic r Boa.ro .• 

2. I::' -~0 C0DE BAD B::Ki.i SU:JI IITT.lti) 'I'v TH ': CO~'i i':=tvL QIVI SIGF 

The ·JetitionPr 1.as ac1vi sco. : ( 1) that a. b.asic code must be suomittecl 

before the PRA Policy Board cou lci conside r ooy Je ti tion (to ex:9ed.i te the 

submission of a ba sic code fo r this ·Jurpose a moCl.e l form rra.s IH'Ovi ded.) , 

( 2) to fr.,_me its c ode as clo sely to 1e model f o r:n a s :p l" "tcticeb l e , in 

orde:· to :'<~ ed i t e ~1 e consider2.tion o:l:' t l1e 9eti tion b3r the 3o.q r d , .?.nd ( 3 ) 

tna.t the so- c a l1ec1 Hb1.sic cod.e 11 need no t be submitted to the Co ntro l 

Division, ~'J'A, b,__,_t Pi g:i.1 t COlJ i"e s shm.U. d be submitted directl~r to the 

Sec retnrJ' of the :S oard. as set fo'rt.:1 i n ( 3 ) ab ove . 

D. PG:SICIES G1Lo·:~ED ~~y 'l'HE P-._1\. PGL I C-. .:' A""'~ . .J n; Cu:TS ID E:l ~G 

PE-::: I TIG'LTS -~- c.,' ST.:'5 ST Ir S ·:G }j_::: PJ.A 

PRA FoliC;)' L!o :.l'G_ instructions to :pe titioners 11ere ·as follo Tis : 

1 . PRQPOS.EQ _CQD,E PROVI SIG~1 S VS_, PRA PROV ISIG.tiS 

11 .-:RA rri ll not e l ec t 'Z.o a~'J:9 rove t J.1e substi tutio::1s of. the :p rov1s10n s 

of Co0.e s f or Pa r agraphs of P:rtA unless such Cocle Provis ion-s covf' r the same 

.:;round as the P:U Ja a~ ap h ar:.c'. unless t 11e substa nce of such provision s are 

within the s:_J irit of tne PRA, i.e ., t o ~1o rb n ours and r :1.ise wages to 

increase employme nt and. p:..u chasir.g :p o-•P r to t1::J~J::.· :c r'1.a t e l y the 1929 leve l . 11 

11 IlRA a l lo,-·s n o modificati ons of P5 A if thel' P i s no Code urovision 17hich 

can be substituted . Ti.1e PRA Folic~r 13o .. r 0 i 11.s no j"'.LrisC: iction to a ct in 

such cases 11 • 

9819 
-32-

3. F TJlJCI ICL3 0F PRA PGLICY :JCJA.?D 

"The only t u..."lc t i cn of t he Boc..rC. i s to pass or.. L:.e -~Jp li cr- ili t:r of 

the Co0.e pro v i sio:-s as •.:ri t t e ;.:. . r:I'lli s c:_of' s not g_llo\7 any -bnrgo.inin.g or 

n e c o ti a ting· ~ ~J ers .c>. l i nte r v i e'.7S . Sue£:. a -p r o cAC. Q: e i s ::1o t only i na::;:p rop riate , bu t i t (i_ oe S n ot a.l l o•;; J: o:r . t he ::)r OEl} t treat:-:lPnt to '7~ Ch all 

p eti tions are en. it ed 11 . Ho -~ v<=?. :r , t h e ro ib n 1.""ra s waived L1 m!lny 

i:1s t a nc e s. 

"To coope :.·::.t e r;;i th t h ose 1·:ho arP -.-rill L16 to ."illPlld t he ·nae;:e s and. h ours 

j_Jr ov i sions of a subrni t t eC:. co ~ so a s to h[=we i t ,_,... i t hin the s:p iri t of PRA 

for sub st i t .uti on ~~n ... 1..r p o s e s , the fo :r g -Locedur e has been ad ~ ted : .... 

(1 ) Gbtai n from t hP :rPC"-'-:? t i on cl erk -=;. 1.:?0rk slleP t , fill t h i s i'n , 

stating i n e rope r pl " ce s (a ) the sh or t est p ossib l e ork ue ek , ( b ) 

the h i gh e st p ossi b l e wa t'o·e , w-1ich .th:~ i ndust r-y mu s t h ave or go _ without 

t he ~lue E&6l eA * 

( 2) Leave t he ~ she e t .. --i t~Y the ec n:'l r of the Boa rd. tlote : 

Pe t i t i oners . ma3r =..1 tt a ch t o the work shee t stati stic g,l data t o shou t hat 

these ) revisions "\'"!i ll bri ng W'1.ges and h ours to p:p mate r the 1929 

eve ~ (Emp loymen t data reque sted , fo r wage earner s onl y , ' was ( a) number 

employed i n t he i ndus.t r y i n 1 929 , (o) m:unbe r errrployed in l a te st ava i l able 

peri oo. i n 1933 , (c ) average hour s actua lly worked. p er nage e a rner in 1929 , 

a nd ( d ) averaf:·e hou:cs ac t u a lly nor ked -?e:r 1'78Pk per We.ge earner in 1[\.te s t 

a vr.d labl e :peri od i n 1 933. Wase s dat a req-ue st eel wa s (:3.) <'l.verage hourly , 

\Vag E? ~. te s for .w1sk ille cl Pr:~ge e e.:;:-ners (male and f emal e ) i n 1 929 , (b) 

a ver:?.ge h ourl y wage rat e s f or U-l1 sk illed. (m.;:> l e ".1 110_ fPnJale ) in l a test 

ava.i labl e l~ io d. i n 1 930. I n c a se s VThere the -.J e t i t i one r ::- e quest ed 

t ol e r 2.nces . ;,:b ove the ma.-'d rJ.um r! or ~ ne ek , · they 'FPrf· · "sk e0_ t o submi t a ctua.l 

~9 oymeri t at~ by raon t h s f or 1929 , 1932 and. c.v q__ i l .,_b l s n onths in: 1933. 

Al t.hou[;h t he Wo r k S4.ee t st !lt e cl , 11 :10 ·Je titi on t o sub st i t u t e f or 

para grap hs ot he i.· than 2 - Laxi F1un1 Hours; 3 - La :ci mUEI Hou rs; 4 - ~: em tions 

and 6 - .1 mma Wa5e s , v:i l l b0 co n si c .. ered 11 t h i s )Ol i cy was not- adhered t o 

as a study of t he P::lA substitutions ap1n:oved r<i l l sho17. ( Se e NRA 13-t..uletin 

#6 rmd "PRA. Subs t i t u t ions, p~e x 11 ::!' ", e s:pe c i a ll:r su0 sti tut i ons app roved 

f or "Ut ilit ie s IT c ove ring iJa ,'J.t~ ra:phs 2 t o 7 i .:.1c l usi ve and "Da ily Fen s:9aper 

Pub l ish ing " covering a ll p a r ac raphs of t he P:RA exc ep t #8 - Anti- Subterfuge , 

a nd #10 - Co ope r a t i on). 

) - "Th e Policy Bo -:u·d will re nd er a d e cision on ti1i s basis a s 

soon a s }JOssi bl e ( aftel' a skdist i c a l ana l y si s ha s be >? n made ·to oeterr.1ine 

v1hether or not the ~s d w:• ges and h our s n ill b J:ino e:m yme nt a nd 

Jurcha ~ :p owe r t o ap:9 :c t.e ~r t he 1929 .. -? e:i.. ~ " • 

( 4) - "If the Poli cy :B .:-\T(~ 3. Jpr o"~es t lw ~e i tion it will draft 

a coo e provi si on which Fi l l i nclucie t he rr:quest ~0. chonr;es. This draft will 

b e p repared f or the si gna.ture of e ;Je ti tionP r anr •:rhe n signed wi l l be 

i mmeG..iatel y s ent by the borud. to Gene r a l J on-J.S0!1 f or h is signature . " 

111 ".Apparentl y t h i s n e:---..n s ·" s t ;:;.t ement of t he h:~r st Pr:> ek and highe st 

wage. t he industry co-l.ll d P.C Jt . 11 

9810 
- 33-

(5 ) "If c ·) c t i ti on i s ~..; ct ci by the Boar d , tho :Boar d 

wi 11 r e turn t ho iFo r.- Shee t vr:l t h a no t a tion £"l. s to ~..; : (a ) vw!k 

v.rcck, a i10. (b ) mi ni mum \vat;c , which ,-·ill u0 apurovvd by t ho Boa rd. 

I f t :lv I nc:ust 1·;r a .. :J 8"' t o t his, t1 ' ]o"nl v.'ill draft Cocle SL. Ctions 

whicJ.1 i nclur c t ~.;; ~..; :!_)revisions- -thi s vri ll b e a.p;Jrov8cl by t ho Bo· r d 

C s unt to Gene r a l i. o:l 'r. 

5 . JL ::; :20:: SUBiHTT I G PETI TI OlTS FOR SUBST ITDTIOrTS 

In ~- incmo ra:..1c" um c~a d S0'n t omb 0r :.) , 1933, Gene ra l H..,mmoncl 

r c comm::mc'.Ell..l. to t 11,_ N3.A o.c"'u ni ni s t rn.to r t ha t no pc ti tions f or substitutions to t he PRA ·oo consi'd:e·rc'd in 'ca s es rho' c prop os e <1 code s 

we r e f iled \-:o i t il N;\A aft r t:i.d!light St)p t ema e r 15 , l 'J33 . Press Rel eas e 742 , dat ed Se) t emb e r 1 3 , 1933 , stat e s t ha t Octob e r l, 1933 

a s the G.eadline f ·sub·s·ti t\itine:;· ro Jo"' d co'dc }Jrovisions for 

PRA iJrovisions, a ncl t ha t the substitutions of co C:e p ro vi sionswrure 

l e ss ... than 1, 000 emp l oyee s we r e i nvo'l ved, would not b e approv od. 

URA Bulletin N • 6' ,· .11 .Subs'ti tut'e'd Vlag'cs a'n'cl. li'Q.urs Provisions of t ho 

PR.A 11 , dat ed Octob e r 14 , 1933 , sta t e s on p age III tl1c'lt no f urther 

substitutions will b e e.pp roved. E:~cept i n a f ew cas e s such D..s the 

Cotton Seed C rus · ~1 us trJ subs'ti'tut'ion· app'r'o vocl' December 1, 

1933, no substitu tions to the P:J.A ·.ve re :;,J~rov d E>ft e T Oct0bc r 1, 

1933 . . 

~. NAT1BE OF SUBSTITUTIONS TO r~ 3 PRA AJ.TD r:I!_U r_r: E.S __ AFFECTED. 

Viith few · exQep tio:ls,· t he · sub·s.tituted provisions dealt with 

nothi·lg bu.t wages or hours · 01~ both . N?.A Bulle tin }6 - -"Sub sti t u t cd 

Wage s ano. riours Pr"Jvisions o:f t h e ~::;A_II , de. t e d Octobe r 14 , 1r:;33, 

signed by Genera l Johnson, NBA Acbni ni strator anG. a::provecl by 

Secre tary of Comme rce Rop e r, Chairman, S9 c cia l In ~Qs tri l Re covery 

Board , contains the text fall substitutions to the PRA ~p rov d 

or authorized by the -'frtA~ exce:9t thos e for t rade s a nd industri e s 

cove r ed b;'.r approved codes Octobe r 14, 1 933 and the f ev7 substi tutio.ns e.pproved subsGquent to t ha t da t e . The substitution approved 

n July 31, 1933, for the "Re t ail Drs Goods, Departmen t, Spe cialty 

Shop, rie.il O:Pc.er, IAen 1 s Cloth:lnG and Furnishin s,. Furniture , Hardwa r e , a nd Shoe Store Trade" _v-:-as omitt ed , because approva l of the 

"Gene ral Re tail Cnde 11 vias expe cted ;3. t a n eal~ ly date (*). 

( *) In Appendi.h 11 F" of thi s r ep ort an at temp t has b ee n mac.e 

9819 

to furnish comple t e ii.1formati on r el a tive to; (1) the names 

of all industrL,s and/ or trade s wh ich p e titione d t o N:?A 

for ~) is on to substi t:ut e or modify substitutions of 

propose d co de p rovisions for PRA p rovisions, (2) paragraphs 

a ff e ct e G. , ( 3) a c t i on t ak en and .: a t o t he r eof, ( 4 ) r eason fo r 

r ejecting 01~ withd r av1al of the lJe tition, (5) i ndustri e s 

aut horized -rep r esentative , anc i n c a s e s where a co de vras 

ap}ll~ov d which wa s applicable t o t he trade ano/ or industry, 

the approva l a nd e ffective dates. 

(Footno te cont inued on next page ) 
- 34-

..; . .. • • I 

A study of the PRA··PolicY oarct fil nd cates the fo l loVTi ng pertinent info rr:na tioii_: _ · : ;· .,._ '· : .! ' I 

. . ~ 

(1) Subs ti tuti6'ris· ·-ab>)r oved. ; . · . .. ~- ... ~ . ; • '··· . . . • • 385 - ~ . 

(2) Petitions foT substitutions r e j e cted 

by NRA. .(-iti6iuc11 ng .... 3" r'e:jectea: ·_blf the 

industry (bi .c~e , terra co tta, v!i tch 

. :baze1') · a ·fter NB.A: ;n_a.a_ mcidi:fied. .. the ._ .. , p·e_t·:l .. tio ris ·· · . ... : . _ •.- ... _: ... . • .-:;• •.........•••• 134 It " '" .. , . 

($) ~~ti~ions pres ented btit no r ecord of ,_. ·act'ion. t alcen ••.. · . ... · .... .•... .... ~ ••..•••• 2 

· (4) · Petitions for · substitutions wi thdraw:.1 

by industry • .................... o • • • • • • • • • 45 

To tal numb e r of Indus t ri e s 21e ti tionins N.3A f or substitutions to PRA •..•...... · •.. · ...••.........•.••••• 566 

(5) Modifications of substitutions to PRA •••• . · 13 · 

F. APPLICATION OF APPROV~D SUBSTITUTIONS ... . .· ... -.. :. ~: .. . , 

All employe rs in a trade or industry, .. fo 1~ · ~h i~h 1'!BA pp rov~d 

substi tu~ions _to · t}l ~ ·.PRA/ i}re -6! _, ei'rilit:t ed -to -! O:if rat~ ~~er : t he .· 

substi tut.ed ·p -rovi'sicms 1- :tnst8ad .... of the:; cdr:resp g;r:1d ing .p rovisions 

of the ??A~ ·-' ~rt ·· every ·~· t3: t he p a.rag raphs· of: .tl'l_e :;'-?.A . ~e ained 

in full force without chang ~ " e:X:c.ept · V.7he.te·:NB:A.·· ct ~d to substitute 

p ropos3d.:.cocle :·provisioE.s ,. f6.r corr.e spondi ilg ·f P.A ro v.~s ion . (NPA 

:Bulletins //:4 a nd #6). · "It is·. no:t prop er fo-r firms t9 ope-ra t e unde r 

t he wage s ancl.·hours provisions .of·· t he p.ropQpeq. .c ·ode ..fo r . the ir industry when such :9 rovisions ·have not yet 'P·e·en; : a. cce e~ .. for substitution of tmPRA. Firms signing th·e P:RA·· w-ith:the, nq.tati.on that they 

vlill op e :rate· unc~e r the hours and. wages.·prqvisions of ~he ropo sed 

code for their industry shouJ.d Jrave.: the ir. a-g-reemBnts r e turn-ed to 

them with the advice that··the :p'tovi::\'ions ·.of: t f'lO PRA .. apply to the ir 

e~ loyee s until such time· as. t-11.e ir ·p:cop'O sed nc;- ustl;J , -·code has been 

a ccel;ted for substitution . nwhe re an eraployer is ll.one stly in doubt 

about vvhich proposed _inQ..ustx:Y co de appli e s to is busine ss, the NRA 

do e s not object to his op ra ing-- -ml dei -·thc .. a-ccep't.e d. bstitu~ on of 

a propesed code which s eems .tb · appl y · ·to. ·him:·-and will· conside r h i m 

. . ~ .. ' .. ~ . 

. :. . . 1. . .. . , : ... 

(*) Footnote cont~nue d. .• . ' ~ 

·: I ; .. 

19 

Th is code in f.~ rria tion ~d .:p r e s en t ed i $ · irieompie to, a s. it 

involve s a Gomplic Q. .. p.t 'qblym: due to ' t'he ··ra·et that exc ep t 

in 8. few i n s tanc es definitions 0f tho .trade s ot .-inclust:rios 

invol vod we r e not incorpora t~d · il;l h~ substitu tions and also 

due to t he p roblem of multip l e' c6·a.e· co've rage. ' The time alloted 

for submission of this r eport will not permit a s exhaustive a 

study <?.s it required. 

See a l so Work Mat e rials No. 30. 
as opvra tint; in hf:u:mony vri t~l tho S! i ri t of t h0 -. if hu dou 

s o .u (Lia si son i c1.1la ... ,'j::-;9 , SJ' tvnb..;:i. 8 , 1S'"'3) . '"."il en fl.n 0rnp l oyer h'l.s si L_ncd t hv P . , ''li t l out modi fica tio:1. , o.nd hur'-' '"'U~­

sequcntl y a mor-lification or t he -, hns "boon :-t:-.J-. ovuLl for a _, l.Vun 

industry, of Vhlich tho ~;;f'"Il) oyur i s , mu .1bur, such ClTil) l o;r0 . may 

0p1..3ra to U...'1C ur the o.pprovcd :~1odif ca tio1 of the P'.A for h i s indus try, 

just th0 sa.m0 a a·1y oth,;;r on1ploy0r i n this industry . To c

1

.o th rwise '/OUl cl be t0 .. 0 t U:cljU"'tlJr pcnfl.li ze thnc-:0 •ho have Ghor:n Q most 

ccmrm .. :Hiablo an'" pntri tic Sl) iri t o ~ COO!h1ratio1 11 • (1' . S. iierrunond , 

Au6 • 5 , 1933). 

A~)!)rovnl of e. substi t.uti on "by th"' 1T:a.A i s not :>. gu.c rant ee 

t ha t t h0 substi tutecl p rovisions will b e a:p~ro cd r.i t :1out chant:;e in 

tne -oermt'.n cnt Co de of F~ ir Co·nue ti tion fo r th•; pq:c t icul a r trade 

or i~ d.u str;y 11 • (N3A 3u.llctin 46). 

Th fact t 113. t rJ.A cons ont ud to th<J substitutio.t of t1c vve.ges 

a nd hours }J r ovisions of a :9l'o·oos cd coc,e f or corr s:?nnd ng provisions 

of the ?:aA ciu. not clepl~ive a :ncrnber of t r.9 particu l ::>.r industry i nvn lved 

of his right to p0 ti tion for in c~ i vidual re l ief duo to unavoidabl e hardship as -~Jrovidec:l. i n ? a. r ag r aph } 14 , P:sA. (N:illl :aulla tin =,i:4) 

G. COl ilv'3i~ TS 

I n a m_unb e r o f instances, e sp ec i ally i n t he cases of 11Utili ti e s " 

anc.l the tt ,:en t ? e.d::inc I ndustr y 11 , t hJ substituti ons t~.llowed t he memb e rs 

to c~o practically an:y· t h · ng thvy desired a11c. ye t oi:J0 ::.·at c uncler t he P::RA . 

l. UI'ILI TI :3S (3lectric Lit;llt and Powe r, Gas Op e ra. tL1g Utility , 

natur a l GDS , Telegraphic Communica tions a nd 

Te l opl1one Co r'T_Pai1ies) 

The subst itutions appro ved for the s e inaustri es ca nc e lled Paras raph #7 , PRA, v.rhich provi cl.ed t hat tl:e c ompansa tion fol~ er.1p loyment 

now in eAce ss of t he minimum wabe s SlJe ci f i cd , should not b e r educed 

(no tv!i ths t andi ng tha t t he hours rror::e:l in such erap lo;yrncnt may be r educed..) anci to increas e t he pay f or such ump loy7i].en t by a;.1 equi ta.ble 

r ea djus tm3nt of all pay schec_u l 9s . No provision v-as in corpora t ed. 

in the substitutions for ? a r::1graph } 7 ca nce ll ed ; the r e fore , they 

we r e not r equire d to mc-.inta i n wage scale s a bove t he ;ninimum a nd. they 

ile r e not r equired to r.Jadjust e qui te.bly all ·Day schedul e s. See also 

11 Te l cgrrrphic communications i !!dustry 11 , Apl":'en~ x 11G 11 • 

2 . 1:.3.--'l.T ? "..CKE JG IrT:;)USTRY 

Pare-graph 4 (a) substitution fl.pp roved for the Mea t Packing 

Industry states: 11 The maxi mur.1 hours fi xed in the forer;o ing par agr e.phs 

1/:2 and ~/(3 she.ll not a:9p l y to----errm loyces i n executive , rnanag~r l, 

superviso ry or technica l capacities, nor to t huir i mmedi ate assistants ", a nd (b) 11 -----crrrployco s eAo rcising mc::mag-3 rial functions who 

no •11 r e c e i ve more th.f:.n 033 . 00 ~)0l-' vvr~ek ". T!10 wo r cii ng of these :par a -

&raphs present ed a numb er of probl 8!71S: (1) ?ero.r r aph ·.:~ (b) exemp t ed 

f rom rraxi mu...rn hours ern:.:0 loyees exe rcising 1rnnn.~;er l functions only in 

9819 
- 36-

the event they received more than $35.00 ~e r week, while Paragraph 

=/f4(a) exemp ted from maximum hours, employe es in executive, managerial, 

sups rvisory o r t e.chnical qapaci ties, r et;ard.l ess of the weskly salary 

r e.ce ivGd , and (2). t he t e rm 11 immediat e assistant'' was not definite 

a nd . was const ru ~ to inc luC..e ::any er~loyees whi ch n ev e r should or 

we r e int ende d to b e exempted froD the maxim~~ hours provisions. 

9819 
IX . INT RPrtE iuNS QF THE RA 

A. 

,... ,., - ( -

The 'tA a ori. ·i na llv drafted was subJect t o inte rpretat i on 

even efore i t wa r el eRsed to employer for sit,;na ture on J uly 27 , 1933. 

This is irdica tod in HRA r el eas e #98 , da t ed J uly 25, 1933 , wh i ch st a t es : 

"Mach inery for i nt erpre tint, and cla rifyin. the bla nke t code , as 

romulgatcd by t he Presiden t , was s e t up in the ~ t oday . A Committee 

headed by G:.me ral Ha.rnrn ond, will r e ce ive and answer que stions in r elation 

to interpr etf'l tion of the code ." Th is Comm ittee, consistinb of Gener al 

Hamr11 cnd, E. e cuti ve Dire9tor, Pr e sident 1 s Re emry loyment Pro 0 r am as Chairman, and r epr es enta tives of industrie s, consQ~ers, labor and the J1A lec;al staff, after s everal sittings of almost .24 hours per day, de,.roloped 

2() asic inte ruretations of the PJ.A. 

After approva l by Gene r a l Johnson, the 21 basic interpretations(*) 

(the 21st .develop ed l g,ter we r e incorporated in N3A Bulleti n-#4 - "What 

the Blue Eagle I'.! ea.ns t o You and How You Can. Ge t It, Official S~atement 

of he Blue Ea;:,le Division, N3A. 11 These basic i~terpretations were rele s9d to the public as follows: Numbers 1 to 6, July 28 , 1933, NRA 

rel ease }:124; Num'r)ers 7 t o 12, July 31, 1933, r e l ease # 140; Numbers 

13 to 19, July 31 , 1933 , releas e #147; Numbe rs 20, August 3, 1933, release #168; 8..nd Number 21, Au511st 21, 1933, r e l ease #412. 

B. NATIUNAL LABOR BuJL~_{NATIU hL BU~~ uF ARBITRATiuN\ 

Fear that the r emarkabl e evidence of cooperation in the common cause of r est orin6 emp loyment, increasing of purchasing p ower , 

and gratifying pro "r ess al ~ady made', mi6fl t be endan6er ed by diffe ring 

interp retations of the PRA by s ome emp l oyers and: employees, l ed the 

Industrial and La or . dvisory Boards on August 4, 1933, to unanimously 

r e commend the creation of a Boa rd to pro te ct eve ry inter est and to · 

which difference s might be r ef e rr ed. The creation of this B,oard (erroneously named "National Boa rd of Arbi tration11 ) was announced on August 5, 19.33 in NRA release #195, . 

In Executive urder #6511, December .16, 1933, t he President stated 

that "The National Lac or Board, creat ed on Ausust 5, 1933, to 'pass 

p r omptly on any case of. hardship or dispute that may arise from interpretation or app licativn of the .PRA', shall continue to adjust all industrial dis ut s, whether arising out of the interpretation and operation of the PRA or any duly apu roved industrial code of fair competition, and to com9ose all conflicts t hreatening the industrial peace of 

the country . All action here tofore taken by this Board in the discharge 

of its functions is here-oy approved and rati.fi e d. 11 The ori ginal National Labor Board, as r ecommended by the Industrial and Labor Advisory 

Boards, consisted of Honor able Robert F. Wagne r, Chairman; Dr . Leo 

Wolman, Chairman, Labor Advis ory Board; Wal ter C. Teagl e , Chairman , Industrial Advisory Board; William Gre en , John L. Lewis, Gerald Swope and 

Louis E. Kirstein. 

( *) 11 See p~end x G. 11 

9819 
.. - 38-

It is doubtful whether the Natiunal Labur Board as such, ever acted 

on any interpretations of the PR.ll: ··: :o ~ev:¢~ ~. ey' did handle pumber of 

PRA cases involving labor disput e s. - • .J .. 

c. PRA PCJLI CY BCJAPJ) : 

: • 't • • ; • • • • ;. •• '• • 

.- . . 

:. ..,. ' I. 

.. : ·.: J .. .. ~' : :_ • 

In announcing the .ap'9 6intment ·of the PJA Policy.-Boarq. on August 7, 1933, General Johnson stated~ 11 All interpretations of the PRA 

reqi.les'tecl by ·the r'ndustrial· Mediation Board, Gene.ral Hammond or other 

p roper "au.thorities shall ·issue from · t n is Board." · 

· · ·After the abolishment ·of · the ·P3A Polley Board on October 26, 1933, 

all .. its· duties· and ·.frmctions were delegated to the National Compliance 

Board and later to the Advisory Council~ Comp liance Div-ision and finaL-.· 

ly to the Compliance Cormcil, N.i.:ZA, SP- e Office Orders #18 and #40: "P3A 

Poiicy :Board,· Chap. III, Sec. II and 11 Nat.iona.l Com·9 ~:i;ance Board, 11 Chap. 

III, Sec. V, supra.! · 

D. INT:&.'iPRETATICJNS SECTIONS. BLUE EAGLE lHVISIOi~ ,.}ffiA 

The pub.lic announcement (lJ:::A· release #98, July ~5, 1933 of a . 

Coritr:li ttee to ·receive and answe:r questions r egardins in-te rpr.etations of . 

the PRA and the release ·of.· the ag·re.ement .'t ·o em·oJ,..oyers for. signature- on 

July 27, 1933, resulted in an avalanche of inquiries by mail and wire. 

To handle these ·inquiries and ·to promulgate interpreta.tJ:;ons. ~nQ.. .. J01ltngs 

made by the FRA Policy Board, General Hmn.rnond on Aub'1.1st 11, 1933, established 'tile Inter:P r•et<i t ':i:ons· SectH)n: ·bf . t t e .' Blue. Eagle · Tiiyip"ion. ,. See 

11B 1 ue Eas le . Divis· ion NRA, ~' . A:o~ eridi-Jt' "B : 11 . ·': .. · : . . · . . · 

• • • • • • • I. j • • :: · .; ~ : : - • • • • • 

'J,lhe tnterprGtati:b!ls .. Section· ·in· re·ulying to .:i.:hquiries re.ceived from 

employer's and consumers .. f 0llowed the · ·principl-es·, se.t . forth . in t}?.e 21 basic interpretations. ··· Iri ca ses where the inquiries wer e not · covered by 

the basic interpr e tativns, . the probl ems were pres ente.d to · the PRA Pclicy· Board. Due to thG great number of problems tn;J,bmi tted, the Policy 

Board as a Board wa.s unable to rende r decisions withQut delay which ~esulted in many interpretations and rulings being made by the legal adviser to the B'oard (Kilbourne Johnston) and la.ter Wm. P. Farnsworth • 

·subseql'lent to the ·abolishment. of. the Bl.U-f;3 .. Eagle . Division N::tA, and 

the establishment of the Con-rp·liance Div.ision·, : NrtA, · o.n· .(Jctober 26, 1933, 

interpretations were handled by· Blue·. Eagle, Admipi~~ratiye, a nd Analysis Branches of the Compliance. :Division, . . N:a.A, in the order named. . - . '• ,. ,,. ·, .· . 

· U:rldGr the h eading "General· Inter.'p re.,ta.tions, . Jj]xpJ,..apations , Instructions and Rnlings RegardinG the · PRA.,- 11 i'n ·Appcndi.x .'.IG" of this ·report, 

an ·attempt has bee ina de to compS.le··.and l.i9.t ll..int ~rp et ation.s, etc., 

used in explainin;g· and ·admin istering the P~, ~d ·wheTever o~si ble the 

source is given. . . . 

: . 

X. EXCEPTICJNS TO THE PRA (CASES CJF LmiVIDUAL HABDSHIP) .. .... 

A. AUTHCJRITY 

The authority for ra~ti ng ex ceut ions to InQividual Employers, 

after si5 ning the P~. in ca ses where ~e particula r p rovision or 

9819 
- 39-

provisions of the PRA would create .br at and unavoidabl hardship is ~rovided in Para6 raph #14 P?~. which states: 

11 It is agr eed tha.t any pe rson who wishes to do his part in the Pr esident's Reemployment drive by si ninb this agr eem.ent, but who asserts 

that orne particular provision h er eof, becaus e of peculiar circumstances, will create gr eat and unavoidable hardship, may obtain the 

benefits he r eof by signinu this agr eement and putting it into effect 

and then, in a petition a-vn roved b~r a trade associati on of his industry or other r epr esentative organization designated by NRA, may 

apply fo r a stay of such p rovisi on pending a summary investigation 

by NRA if he agrees in such apol ication to abide bJr the decision of 

such .investigation. This agr eement is enter ed into nursuant to section 4(a of the Nationa l Industrial 3eaovery Act and subject to 

all t erms and condit.ions r equired by secticn , 7(a) and lO(b~ of the 

Act. 11 

11Exceptions 11 to the FRA should not be confus ed with 11 Substitutions. 11 

Exceptions au~lied only to Individual Employers while substitutions to 

the PRA after ap9roval by N3A applied to all members of a particular industry or trade. 

B. ESSEiJTIAL INFOffi,lATION REQ;UI3ED TCJ BE SUBEITTED BY PETITIONERS 

Excep tions to the PRA, under Par a6raDh #14 could be granted 

only in the event pe culiar circumstances would cause gr eat and unavoidable hardship upon ~9 licat ion of ·PRA provisions by ,an individual employe r to his business. The burden of proof of 11 gr eat and unavoidable hardshiu11 was on the ~et itioner and sufficient data and information was required to substantiate such hardship . 

There was no standard form deve loped for presenting petitions for 

exceptions to the PRA; however, it was necessary that the petitioner submit and certify to the following informatio~ and da ta: 

( 1) Name and cornple·~e address of petitioner. 

(2) Name of trade, industry, . ort;anization or Association to which 

the p etitioner's business would be applicable . Also specific 

information regardi n6 the nature · of the petitioner's business. 

(3) A otatement that the pe titioner had signed the P~, had put it 

into eff ect,. had signed a certificate of compliance and was 

or was not disp laying the Blue Ea6le. · 

(4) A statement that the p etitioner believes and asserts that a 

certain p rovision or provisions of the P?~ would create a great 

and unavoidable hardshiu because of ueculiar circumstances in - - his enterprise. 

(5) Statements in detail s etting forth suffi·cient facts to substantiate the petition's contention that because of pe culiar circumstances compliance with the PRA and/or applicable substitution was causing great and 11navoidable hardship. 

9819 
-40-

(6) In cases Of a petition requesting excep tion to maximum ho~s. 

the · exact number of hours desired in lieu of maximum PRA hours 

and/or any applicable approved substitution thereto. 

(7) In cases of a petition requesting exceptivn to minimum wages, 

the exact wage rate desired in lieu of the wage rate prescribed in the agreement and/or any applicable p~ roved substitution. 

(8) A s·tatement that the .petition had been auproved in writing 

by a representative of. the Trade Association of' the uetitioners industry, the Local Chambe·r of Commerce, or a representative vf a :similar organization· designated by l\1RA. 

Note: Subsequent to September 12, 1933, petitions were requ:lr'ed t.·d be submitted · to Local NRA Compliance :Boards for preliminary approval and not .to any other organization or agency. 

(9) Total number of petitioner's em~loyees) and the number affected by the exception requested. .. . . .. . . .. 

(10) Duties of employees affected by exception requested. 

( 11) A promise · to abide by the decis-ion of l\.TRA on the petition and 

in the event of a deci~ion against the · petitioner, effective 

as of date of NRA. decision, the orig inal PRA provisions and/ 

or p·rovisions of any applicable approved substitution previously stayed by preliminary approval by any or:ganiza tion authorized by NRA. 

(12) A labor sho.rtage certificate signed by the Federal Reemployment Service State Director in case·s where petitions to work 

longer hours were based on a shortage of labor. (Policies 

followed by Exceptions Sect.ion,· :Blue Eagle Division, NRA. 

C. ~CEPTIONS SECTION, :BLUE EAGLE DIVISION, NRA 

As soon as the PRA was released to employers for signature, 

NRA received a large number of petitions requesting relief from certain 

provisions which were causing the individual employers great and unavoidable· hardship. · 

To handle the increasing volume of petitions for excep tions, General T. S. Hammond, Executive Director, President's Reemployment Program, 

established on August 11, 1933, an Exceptions Section of the :Blue Eagle 

Division. Mr. M. H. Pettit was appointed Chi ef of the Section and he 

was followed by Colonel J . G. Cowling as Chief on September 7, 1933. 

(See ":Blue Eagle Divis ion, NRA, 1t Appendix 11 ]3. rr 

In addition to ~andling ordinary petitions for exceptions to the 

PRA (Paragraph #14), the ·Excep tions Section, handled Petitions for permission to operate under Union Contracts calling for hours longer than 

the maximum allowed in the P~~. ~hese petitions were handled in the 

same manner as those presented under Paragraph #14, P::t.A. (See 11 Contracts Labor Union, 11 Apuendix "G. 11 
- 41-

Subs equent to the abolishment of the Blue Ea..;l o Div 'sion, RA , and 

the e stablishme nt of the Complia nce Divi sion, NRA , on Oc tober 26 , 1933 , 

pe titions for excen tions wer e ha ndled bv the Blue Ea ,;l e , La bor and 

Analysis Brnnche s of t he Comp lia nce Division in t he order named. 

1. FCJLICIES FOLLCJ iED BY NRA IN CCJNSIDERING ?EITT IONS FOR EXCE?TIO m 

TCJ THE PRA 

Although it was diff icult to det e rmine just wha t constituted 11 r eat 

and unavo.idable hardship , 11 such petitions wer e bene rally bran t ed in the 

event the petitioner clearly indicated that his only alterna tive was to 

dismiss the emu loye e s concerned or close down the e ntire e stablishment. 

Based on a ttorou5h examination of the petition,, the followin5 p olicie s 

were obs rv d by NPA : 

(a The ·netition was denied if the p l ea was vague and unavoidable 

hardship was not 'clearly substantiated. In cases where the petitioner 

clearly showed that t he increase in l a bor costs · due to complianc'e would 

ruin his business because of lack of capital and/or sustained losse s 

fo r several years imJediately preceeding ·siGnin6 of the PRA, the petition was given careful consideration. 

(b) When the petitioner p l eaded s carcity of skilled labor, the petiti on was denied pending certificatL·n of l abo r shorta6 e by the Federal 

Reem~lo~nent Director of the petitioner's district. 

( c Petitions r equesting excepti ons for peak season operations 

were usually deni e d in .ca&es where erio~s of thre e months or more were 

inv?lved and an adequate labor supply was available, where the re was a 

possibility that r egular emp loyee s counted on peak ueriods for income 

to carry t hem throus h slack periods the petition was usually b iven favorable consideration but generally overtime uay of one and one-half 

times the employee's regul a r r ate of compensation was required in. such 

cases. 

(d) In cases where the .pet itioner clearly established that due to 

the pe culiar nature of his business it was necessary to train new employees in the establishment and an earnest effort was being made to do 

this, the petition was sometime s granted for a spe cific period. 

(e A simple pl ea of compe titive disadvantage with firms not operating under the a5r eement was as a rule not consider ed sufficient for 

the grant i ng of an excep tion, because there were a lso co~etitive advantages in operating 11:nder the P~ and displaying the Blue Eagle. I 

(f ) Whe re firms enj oyed business r esul ting from Fe deral sources, 

their petiti ons we re usua lly denied. 

(g) The re was a pr evailing belief that the ne arness of tpe distributor t o the ultimate consumer meant a gr eater competitive advan~a e to 

signers of the P3A, therefore, in such cases as laundri.es, r e staurants I 

and other retail outlets the ope rators should be willing to be placed at 

a considerable wace disadvantage before r equesting r elief from the provisions of the FRA. 

(h) Petitions based wholly on the plea that compe titors were granted 

9819 
-42- -

exc~ptions, wer~ : denied. If, how~ver, the:· petitio,ner established that 

s'uch action resulted in serious hards}fip in his case, the petition might . ' be giveri fa:~torable consideration~ · 

(i} In cases .wher·e new· industries or new establishments in old 

industries could not be "opeii'ated '"'at a prof'it without operating under 

low labor standards, the reasons for existence of such business were 

seriously ques tion.?d . 

(j). So , called 11 non-profit 11 and 11 seryice industries" required special study, (1) It was felt that many age.ncies such as retail credit 

agenc.ies, set up to prevent losses due to .bad accounts, should not be 

considered as 1'non-profi t 11 agencies, and therefore, they should not be 

given any special consideration; (2) it was also believed that distinctly service organizations. such as Y .M. C .A's, Y. W. C .A. 1 s, etc., should 

not be granted exceptions i,n departments competing with outside groups, 

such as restaurant or wher~ no special benefit saccruet to the emuloyee. 

However, in cases ·where ,the employment might be considered as training 

for public service, ex.ce12tions. might be ·wa;rranted. 

(k) Theoretically the status of a provision of proposed codes 

should have no bearing on considerations of exqeptions to the PR~; however' if approvalof a code to whic,lf. the petitioner would be subject, .. 

wa s imminent, it was not considered good policy t.o overrule a Local 

Compliance Board and alter changes iri wages and hours temporarily authorized, for a short time pending appr9val of the code. - . J' • 

(1) Where the petitioner requested relief ·from the PRA on the ground 

that he would conform to the provision of 'the industry's proposed qode, 

the petition was denied because to do otherwise would mean prejudging 

the code. 

(m) ]eputies wer e usuaily consulted before acting on petitions 

for exception to the PRA, if proposed codes for the petitioners industries had been .given public hearings and they were in the final stages 

of development, f.or 'th.e purpose of e.scertaining their status and provisions likely to. be approved. 

(n) If a petition requested more· relief ·than would ll.kely be pro~ 

vided in a code awaiting approval, the. petttion was either denied or 

modified to conform to the provisions expected to .be approved i!f the 

code. 

(o) In cases where a substitution had been approved for the petitioner·' s i~d1,1stry, the petition was denied and a copy of the substi tution was sent to the petitioner unless the substitution failed to meet 

all requirements of the petitioner. 

(p) If a code had been app roved which was applicable to the petitioner's industry, the petition was denied and th~ petitioner was 

notified that he must operate under the code provisions. 

(q) In cases of Union Contracts made prior to PRA where a copy 

of the Contract was submitted with the petition (1) if the employees 

were. paid by the day, week or. month, the petition was de_nied; (2) if 

the employees were paid by the hour and the petitioner had attempted 

9819 
-4 

to adjust the maximum hours of mpl ymon downwa rd and e0,uit au ly n.djust 

upward the hourly '·/?lge r n.t , an the Union '''oul not roc , tho 

ition "t'!S gr '"\nt. "' ; otu1 'r"L o , the uetl ion wn.s denied or he 

uetitione r r equest d to atte ~t su h justm nts. 

( ) Petitions r cfe i < o Pa r n , nph :;/=12 , Pf..A , (fon:ard contra cts) 

. rc 6 i ven s oec iA.l cons i<ler:t ion nnd the uc t it ioner w s Ad vi sed to 

either seek an ·djustment from the othe r uarty or the petition was 

decided on its own merits. 

(t) Petitions invt>lv int; s ection 7( a ) of lHRA were denied. 

2. PROCEDU:C-E FOLLo· 'E!> BY N1A rs em SIJE ING P'8TITIOHS FOR EXCEPTIONS 

TO THE FR.~ 

Petitions for e'·c eut ions to the PP.A received by the "Exceptions 

Section, Blue Eag le Di ,· ision~ ere first t1 ssigned to analysts for 

review, brief di~e sts , ·ere n eua re d and the neti tions and dige sts after 

being reviewed b;'; Assistant vuns~is were SD:bmi tted to the Na tional 

Compliance Board·or t eir authorized r epresentqtives for final consideration!) In cases of doub t advice ;'rP S obtained. from Deuuty Administrators, 

the Labor and/or I ndustri a l Advisor" Boards, or the Liaison Office to 

A. A. A. 

On November 28, lS33 , the :following p l ans presented by Mr. Pollak 

to the Nat ional Com·olim1ce :Board were auuroved for handling future 

petitions and the 200 or mo-;--e on hand at thc. t time aw_aiting action: 

I (a) FUTURE PETITIOIT S (LOCAL) ., 

(l) Table all restaurant netitions u ntil December 15, 1933, 

except those askins for a va riat ion of mo ?" e than 10;~ in hours and/ or 

wages. 

( 2) All other petit ions to ·be acted on by the Compliance 

Division without consultation ith the National Compliance ~oard except 

in extreme cases. . . 

' 

(3) Petitions involving non-unanimous apnroval by a Local NRA 

Compliance Board and. extreme i-:> se~ (e:xce~o t as estab lished by urecedent) 

to be referred to tl e Hat ional Co!rrplia..11ce .Board. 

(b) FUTURE ~T ITIO: s (No-, -LOCAL) 

L No general rules 11ere formula.ted for tabling or approving . 

future net it ions ( non-loaal) , e~~ce-o t where covered by urecedent ;·. all ' 

~ere considered by ·the l a tio"lal Comulir..nce :Soar d , Advisory Council, 

Compliance Division, •NBA , or the Conuliance Council; NRA. 

(c) PEi'IDING P1TITIO:rs 

~ l. Table if unanir:wusl:r a-ouroved ?·n d they orrere not "extreme. n 

2. Revie~ if nextreme" or not unani ::10usly auproved b~ local NRA 

Compliance Boards. 

9819 ·.,· 
- 44-

(d) NON-EXTREi1E CASES 

Petitions reouesting relief ithin the following limit s were not 

considered extreme: 

.. . 1 • .. ·.Original PRA. 

. ~ ,. ~ ... 

.. •._ .. 

(a') Paragraph #2 (Ma::<: imum Hours) - 44 Hours 

(.o 1 ) :· Paragraph #3 · ( ~~aximum Hours) 

any one day 

40 Hours, or 8 hours in 

. . . ·' 

(c 1 ) Paragraph =1/:5 (Minimum Wages) 

Iri Cities of 

Over 500·, 000 

· ·n ?SO, 000. 

-:I ,,. ,. : 2,500 

·Urider 2 5ob 

Not less than 

-$;1.3 ... 50 

13 •. 05 

12."60 ... 

10 •. 80 . ' . 

( d I) . . 

.Paragraph #6 (Minimum \!ages)- l\Tot less than 27 cents .. 

. . . 

. · (-a 1 . .) Ho~rs · .,... ·10 pe.rce·nt': pfov1ded thc:t t e~cept in Paragraph #2 

(M~imum Hours) - 48 hours and Paragraph #.3 ( Metximum Hours) - 44 hours, 

and provided that in cases of su'bsti tutibn and no mod-lfication had been 

made of Parag:raph #3 (~aximum hours) forty hours was to be the limit. ' . : .. 

(b I).· Wages - ~me as :above .. (lC I) 

--.. __ 

(e) LOCAL VS NON-LOCAL TRADES 0~ INDUST~IES 

.. · It; was agreed by the· National Compliance Board that where the 

facts presented in the body of the :netition indicated that the petitioner 

was operating in competition '"lith outside estP.blishments even though 

the petitioner was .in an industry ordinarily considered loc-al, the 

petition itself shoU.ld. be treated as non-local. 

On December 5, 1933, Dr. A. J • .A.ltmeyer, .. Chief, Compliance Division, 

NRA, reported to the National Compliance Board thRt 2000 ~etitions for 

exceptions to the PRA were still :nending and that the formula approved 

by the ~Gar~ on November 28, 1933 had eliminated only 20% of the entire 

group. ·Dr • . ~tmeyer then submitted a new formula, the aPuroval of 

whic~ was .held in abeyanc·e until the next meeting to enable furt her 

study. On December. 6, 1933, the Board authorized Mr • . Behney, Labor 

Adviser to work with the Exceptions Section in ex<minino all petitions 

for exceptions to the PRA which had not already been cted upon and to 

use his best judgment in recommending disposition thereof with adyice 

that d!=l~is.ions · of Local 11RA Compliance Boards should not be overruled 

without good and sufficient rea son. 

D. LOCAL NRA COMPLIANCE BO.ARDS 

1. PETITIONS FOR EXCEPTIONS PRESENTED UNDER PARAGRAPH #14, PRA 

9819 
-45-

Prior to the organization ~d estPblishmont of Local l{RA 

Com~linnce Boards, petitioners for exceptions to the PRA (Paragraph 

wl4 'ere instr,lcted to have their petitions auproved by their trade 

Association, Local Cllrunbe r of Comme rc e vr other representative 

organization design ted by NP~ and then submit it to the Administration 

for final action. (HRA Bulletin #4). 

Subsequent to September 12, 1933, petitioners were instructed to 

submit all petitions for exception from the various provisions of the 

PRA direct to their Local NRA Comuliance Board and from that date 

(September 12, 1933 ) , no petition ~hould be nre~ented to or accepted by 

Trade Associa tions, Chambers of Comme rce or a~r other organizations. 

(NRA Bulletin #5). 

(a) LOCAL lffiA COI1PLIANCE 30Ar:D REGULATIONS FOR h.ANDLI;JG 

PA:""; AGRAPH #14, FHA PETITIONS FOR E~~CEPTIONS ( NP.A 

BULL:STIN t5 ) 

(1) "All petitions for exemption from the nrov1s1ons of the 

President's Ree~ployment Agreement under uar agrnnh (14) the eof (hereinafter called ''Pe titionsn) should be submitted in duplicate direct to 

the Boc:ud (Local NRA Compliance Bo a rd). 

(2) From the da.t.'e of· ~1 ese regU.lations, Septembe r 12, 1933, no 

petition shall ·oe uresented to or acceuted by trade associations, 

chambers of· colllMerce, ' or ·any other organizations. _ 

(3) The question uresented by a uetition is whether o~ not some 

particular urov ision of the President's Agreement, because of peculiar 

circumstances, 111ou'ld create great and unavoidable hardshiu in the 

case of the individual petitioner. · The burden is on the petitioner to 

preseht sufficient fact~ in his written uetition to decide this 

question. The petition should be signed and S 1.vo rn to before a notary. 

. . . 

( 4) Jo exenption from paragraphs No. 1 (Child Labor.) ·; No •. · 8 

(Anti-Subterfuge); No. 1 (Cooneration); No. 11 (Codes); or No. 13 

(Termination and Subs'titution)-, of the President.' ·s Reemploymen.t 

Agreement may be apnroved and no exemption from a statement of an 

interpretation or understanding of Section 7 (a). oF, Section lO(b) of 

the National Industrial .Recovery ·Act may bE? apnroved. · 

(5) If the boa rd finds by unr\nimous ·vote that. the petition is 

justified by the facts, it should ·be a~-proved and the petitio~er 

informed of this f act. He may then ouerate under his petition without 

displaying any "provisional" bar on his Blue. Eagle. 

(6) If the boa rd finds by llil<tnimous vote t hP.t the petition is not 

justifieQ. by the facts, it should be disauuroved and the petitioner 

informed of this fact. 

(7·) In either of the above cases, one cony of the ·oetition, with 

the Board's action and the reasons therefor, should be forwarded to the 

secretary of the District Recovery Board at the District Office. The 

· other copy should be kept in the files of the board. .Nrt.A may reverse 

the action of the board in these cases if it fina s th2t such action is 

9819 
-46-

unjustified. In order to prevent such reve~sals, the board should 

assu:r e its_e lf _p_:f. :- policies by reques~s for infor mat ion fror~ th~ 

secret~ry of the ~i stric.t Recovery Bo<?-rd at the J) istrict Office in a ll 

doubtful case-13. . . 

. . 

~: (8) I~ the boa rd finds by a majority vote t hat ~he pet ition is 

or is not justified by ·the f a cts; the petition, with- majorit7 and 

mino r ity reasons for approving or rejecting it ap"!)endetl thereto, sh ould 

be forwarde Q. to _the Sec:t~t¥lf. of the ])istr~c~ Recoy_ery :B_oard at the 

])i strict O.ff·-ice, a copy- b~inE?-~ kep't in the f_'il~ of the, Board. An 

apuroval--.:in s~cl:l cases will. ouer:-ate a s . proy'isional. permission to proc~ ~d ·in. A.C~O; Q: p,nc e wi,th the p~.ti. t.ion:. a.s·· ap:fJ'r_b:Ved, . p~nding fina l a~tion 

by .NB.A.-_ .. Ur:rti~ --·$P.~h im~ -. a·s ~ ·· q._oe ~ a .ct, t~~ pet·i_tioher ·s hould be 

informed that he may not displey ·the Blue Eagle exceu t_ with a white 

bar across its breast beF.l.ring the word "Provisional"; 

( 9) !f ·ci S:iiost t~ti iJ. ::: h~ . ~1;·- ci~ -- en g~-anted f'or the ernul oyer's 

trade or industry~ · th~ :Bo.a!-d ·should ·· requ ire · ci ·much -clearer -showing of 

individual hardshiu before granting an individual ·exeMption ':17 ith resp ect 

to the-... subs.tituteQ. pr~:vi ~~on~•:· : ., ._ . ... . . 

.· '(1,0}-Jn ~ny -9.iL s~ ~hich ·_·: ~~~ :p~t~t orte~ -~ ~ks f9~--- lll~ e than one 

exemption, each exemotion should b~ · considered separately and a 

separate decision made on each, ~o t l1e"t .. etition m~rbe ~pptoved in 

part 9-nd Q.e~ied._ in, part:·:Of tl1e f?-<;!t~ so warrant. . . . I ... '· .. · . . . .. ·' : . • . 

( 11) In no ~a se )~<?ulq.: :· grqup _,-~x~mp ion· _·:te a1lo"'Ved. _ · Paragraph 

#14 of the President's Agreemerit ··ap-plies · on1y to tases of"individual 

hardship. · . .. i ; ... : . . :' 

' :~ ' t ·: ; • •. : \ • ~ : • ', • . •. ' I ~ , :, • ! _• . • • • :, • • , , 

( 12) In every _ as~ .. q. __ cQpy of th~ petition with a notation ·of the 

decision of the Board,: a, n.a: ~-- : __ C9PY or' ' the . recommenda tion of the B'oa rd, if 

any, should be ~~pi, i'n:· the. fil.~$ : ·of t -he·. J3o'i=t d~ -- . · . - . .. . . -~ -· . . . . ·' . . . : -~- . ·. . ... . . 

(13) _-. .-• .· ·:· , : .· ... .- ·. :. .· . . . : . ·-

The files of the Board o:ri except ions· should not be· open to 

the -pub:J,.ic 11 • ... . . : ······ ,., ... •, . :·. ··!· .:< : . 

2. 

Orig inally, . p~ :i,- ~~ · ~~ : ;p,~~: e ui1~er ypi?n· Contracts were submit ted directly t~ -- t.?~ ,J1RA. f.~r c:ons d~~at~on. . T~e: . __ appro:va l of a 

trade association or other representa tive organ'iza'tioh '.':'as not required 

(NRA Bullet in #4). , Fo;Llawing th~ ~s~ a'Q lishment of Loc a l NR,A Com~ liance 

Boards, petit ions_ ~nvo~ ving. p:~~~tl :cori,t.r a c t.s ·: ere irst submit ted to 

these Boards for .considrerat;i.;op_, ·and: ther:l _. to t'he1 ·NRA .for final consideration (NRA Bulletin_.dfq_);--·,.,.· ... :· · .. , '· ·. . : .. .. ··. . · : · · , • • ' ' ' • ' • " ' ' ' ' • ' -. ', ~ ' ' : ' I • \ ' I I ' 

(a) :LOCAL. NRA. COllPLIANCS. BOAE:P REGULAT IOn S_ FOR HAliDLING PRA 

PETI.T.I.<)NS. TO . .Ol?E.rt.ATE. :tJNDEJ:t''.t.Jni'ON CONTRA..CT·s· ( NRA BULLETIN #5), _. . . .. · ..- .. 

· ·· : ,( 1) :"-Every :oet.i ttan to .. work _eTTJu loyee s unde r a Labor c_ontract f or 

longer hours . .than- are .· -o:~ rmi tt ~a. ~d . the. Pre~ ident t s' 'Reemnloyment 

Agreem ~ sho~ld .. be '- :L z::iecf ~'n: <~i:q. iic~t~ at. th~ foot of the- pet ition by 

the pe t-it io:1er, aJ~d,.- _.s.wo-r·n , .. _to .. _bef<;>r:e a ~otary ._ It should be accompanied 

: 

9819 

I : -· . ' 
- 47-

by two ce rtifi ed coui es of the ont n t . 

( 2 ) If the l abor contnu. (' 11 :::; or the 1 Ftyment of wage s ( a t a 

r ate nbove the minimi.Un under the Pr ~,ident 1 s Ro muloyrnent Ag r eement) 

by th dny , .teek , or· rno_1 th , the e "'houl d be no t;rounds f or a petit ion. 

Bv unragranh #7 of the President 1 s Reerrnloyment -reernent , the errmloyer 

h{ls u rornis ed to rcdu e the hours of T1TOrke s unid by the dRy , ·:e ek or 

month, to the maximum unde r the A ,r eement without reducine their pay 

by the day , ·eek or month. He is , t · c refore , o·blig ed t o make an offer 

to t nis effect to his erml oye es under the contr~ct , e.nd undoubtedly 

the offer. '.Vill e a cc epted . Such p e titions should. be r e fused unless t he 

employe r c a n show some unusuR.l .. ec=> son why h is e1nployees are n.._'1r•rilling 

to wor k shorter hours at the sRroe wag e . 

(3) The u ouer CRs e for a La bor contr c~ ue tition is _one in which 

the contract c alls fo r nayment of t he cmu loyees by the hour. An 

em laye r wi th such a contra ct should :o ropose to his workers a r eduction 

o+' their hours to the maximum , coun l.ed with an upwa rd equitabl e readjustment of their hourly r a te, in c::.ccordarice with_ paragrrtp h # 7 of the 

,President 1 s Reemu·loyment Agr eement , <'-S explained in basic int e r pretations # l and #2 • · If the ewnloye r a 1d his emp loyees CR.nnot agr ee on . 

the equitab l e ::-eadjustment , ·so tha t an· agreement c annot be rea ched for 

a reduction of hours, a pe tit ion a~r b e filed. 

(4) If no atten~t has been made a t ar r~ving a t an eouitable 

r eadjustment by agre~ment the p etition s pould be denied. 

(5) Provided , .' tha t it i s .. a prouer c a se for a ·oe tition, a s 

described above, the Bo a rd should ~n ~at i 'sty it s e l f tha t the contract is a bona fi de contra ct. If it wrts made on or after June 16, 

but not before the dn.te when h~ emn loyer· signed the President Is 

Reermloymen t Agreer.1en t, the Bo C'l.r d should make cert a in that t he contract 

was not made to evc;.de the President 1 s Ree]rmlo.yrnent Agreement. 

( 6) If the contract \'IR S made aft e r the e rrrploy e r signed the 

Presiden t Is Eeel'11'Jloyment men~ .• or f or the ur ose of evasion, the 

netition s hould· b e .deni ed. · . . . , . 

(7) The ue tition should a lso 0e deni ed if fhe contrR.ct is subject 

to change or termination at the Ti ill of t he empl oy er. 

( 8) If the pe tition indicat es th t nediation by the Board might 

lead to agreement be t \':'e en the ernDloy e r and his er1ployees , t he Board 

should atte~pt mediation. This shou ld be done by contracting the 

emnloyee s, or their repres ent.g.ti ves, r:md of fering to medi ate. If the 

mediation i s successful, the ~oard may g ive per mission to the employe r 

to operate unde r cond itions ag r e ed u l'Jon by the emnloyer •.vi th his 

eMployees. 

(9) If the medi a tion f a ils, or if the Board finds tha t mediation 

is useless , the Board may g ive uermisslon to the emuloye r to operate 

under the existing contra ct. 

( 10) In any cPs e •vhere the :Boa rd believes that furthe r media tion 

should be attempted• it should r efer the eti tion, '"'i th a reu ort on 

9819 
-4Bthe ·si tu~.tion, direct to the Na tional Labor :Board, ~v e. shington, D. C. A 

reuort of this section should be sent to the Secretary of the District 

~ecovery :Board at the District Office. 

( ll) If a petition is denied or a ,.:mroved, one copy of the 

petition and con.tr0ct ·:,.ith re~ort of the :Bo a rd's action . and rea son 

therefor should be. forwarded to the Secret ;;. r of the ·District Recovery 

:Boa rd at the District Offi.h~. The other con; •of the uetition and contra ct should· be keut. in . th~ files of the :So F1 r~. · 

(12) Where the uetition has been deni~a because ·of the failure of 

the e•:mloyer to attem t an equitable readjustinent (4) above, the employer 

':'lill ·Je entitled to. the Blue Eagle if he shqrtens the hours to the 

maximum, and keeps the weekly envelope en.t.act.· In this case the 

em·9loyee gets the same w.eekly '\'rage he redeived, under the union contract 

(provided .that wage is over the minimum .provided .for the President's 

Agreement). If the employer l a ter attern'Ot·s .to mak e adjustment, he will 

be entitled .to netitio~ ·?.gain. '··· ~:: ' 

(13) If the Petitio:q. is d.enied .b-ecause the employer signed the 

union contract after signing -the Agreement,·or to evade· the Agreement, 

he may earn the :Slue Eagie . only by keeping the weekly ~ay evelope intact, 

and conforming to the ~aximum hours ~r?visions of the President's 

Agreement. · .; · ' ..:: .:· .: . ·: 

(14) . If the .Petition is d.enied because the contra ct is subject to 

change or terminc.tion at -the wil)... · the em~olo er, t .he employer will be 

ent,i tled to the Blue gle only i:t. he'. cou~ulies T1.'i th· al·l the provisions of 

the President's Agreement". (Al.so see "Contracts (Labor Union)rr and 

"Pa ragraph #7, PEA", · Ap7Jendix "G".) 

E. STATE NP .A COMPLIANCE DI:sECTORS 

In the Spring of 1934, Ftfter the PP.A hc.d ·oe.en. 'extended by 

Executive Order, the functions of J:;ocal HRA Comu liP.nce _:Soards relating 

to petitions for excePtions to the PRA were ·c a rried on by State NRA 

Co":mliance Directors. Although many Local Compliance ]oA.rds \'ere 

retained r-tfter t h e est ablishment of State Directors~· they- acted for a 

time only in an advisory capacity, without au.thorit;{ to grant exceptions 

in the first instance. " 

9819 
- 49- ... 

F. VOLU~~ AFD DISPOSITION 

1. PRIOn TO E TABLISID1iBNT OF LOCAL NRA C,OMFLIANC£ BOARDS 

Al though the f oll ow ing figur es are approximate , they cove~ very 

c l osely the volume of exc ptions h~nd d by NRA pri or to the establishment of Local NRA Compliance Bo ards: 

Appr oved (Usually as a r esult of personal intervievJ) 100 

Denied (S"9ecial conside r at i on r equired) 500 

Deni e d (Int e rvening Codes, substitution grant ed, 

deficiency in pe tition , 7 (a) cases, 

child 1C1 bor cases) 24 , 200 

Sent t o 'Local NRA Com,::-liance 3oards 

Total numb e r r e c e ived after appr oval by 

Trade Associations, etc., 

1, 200 

26,000 

2. AFTER ES11ABLISHMENT OF LOCAL NRA COM?LIANCE BOARDS 

Denied (Intervening Code s, unanimously deni ed by 

Local .compliance Boards, terminati on of 

pe ri od involved, 7 (a) and Child Lab or 

Case s,) 

Denied (Spe cial Consideration requir e d) 

Apprqved as pr esented 

Appr oved after modificati on 

Fending ME!y 28, 1935 

Total r e ceived from Local Compliance Boards and 

Stat e Dire c to rs, 

XI. GOYEFJ~ME1\JT CO~TRACTS AND .LOM. S . . . . . . ~ . 

2,~19 

697 

445 

1,.014. 

2 

I 

5, 077 

.. ~ .. • I • ' • . .. 

A. AW.ARDI NG 0~' GOVEE.!.iTi>JiENT CONTRACTS OR LOAl S .. CONT I NGENT UPON 

COlJIPLIAJ.'mE tliTB PRA OR .A:r FrtOVED CODES . .. , . . . . . ·. r . .: ,· .. ... 

1. 

.. 

' '\ 

:n (1) dontr;.cts f or sUpplies·. Evefy c: on tr ct J~t~re d ~ i~ fo ., 

within the limits of the U~ited Stat e s--- by the United S~ates or any of 

its a.genc ies or )~~ :r;- u~e~t.~litiE?S ----:------, excepf as __ qet 'f or tl} ~~ th~ _ ";. 

pro vi so under na.r agra-gh (a) be. l ow, s hC)ll · r;> r ovid·e end equi e · t hat (a) Tpe 

Contre ct ~r . shall C?mpl y .--.-- 1 i f there_ be no .approved _ 'code --~ ~ th t~e .. 

provisions of . President .'.s ~eemp oyme nt Agr e.ement ----.-- 'without ega rd 

to whether the ' c ontractor is 'himself ' a oa'rty to such code or a gr eement ---, 

(b) If the Co~~rqctor fails 'to c.omply wi._th the .f orego ing: 

9819 
-50-. 

provisions, the Government ma.y by written notice to the Contractor 

terminate the Contractor 1 s right to uroceed with the contract, and 

purchase in the open market the undelivered nort·ion of the sm:ml:fes 

covered by the contract, and the contractor and his sureties shall be 

liable to the G)vernment for any excess cost occasioned the Government thereby. 

( 2) ·Disbursing Officers. No Disb-ursing Officer shall 

be liable for any uayment made under the provisions of the foregoing 

Act (Public No. 67), or any Executive Order issued under Authority 

of that Act, or for the unob-ligated balance of any overnayment 

involved. 11 

Executive Order ~6246 cited above, in part, snecified that 

Government Contractors m'ay have t'heir con.tra.cts with the Government 

terminated in the event t'hey failed to' comrily with the prr:'v:lsions 

of the PRA, if there was no auDlicable code apuroved for th&ir 

industry. In Executive Order ~~6646, dated March 14, 1934, the 

President, by virtue of authority vested in him as President of the 

United States specified that: 

2.· EXECUTIVE ORDER #6646 

. II ( l (a) All invitations to bid.ders hereafter promulgated 

by or in behalf of any executive department or indenendent establishment 

or other agency or instrumentality ~f the United States, including 

Government-owned and Government~controlled corpora:tions-----, shall contain 

a provision. to . the effect that no bid will be bonsidered unle ss it includes or is accompanied by a certificate duly executed by th ~ bidder-----

if engaged in any trade or industry for Vllhich there is. no appr·oved code 

of fair comuetition, then stating that as to suc:1 trade ·or industry he 

has become a party to and is complying with and will continue to comply 

with an agreement with the President under Section 4 (~) 0f the National 

Industrial Recovery Act. (Note~ The PRA was promulgated under Section 4 

(a) cf the NIRA). 

(l (b) No bid which does not comply with the foregoing 

requirements shall be considered accepted. 

(l (c) All contracts and purchase orders authorized by 

any agency of the United States shall cont~in a provision to the effect 

that the narty or parties awarded any such contract or purchase order 

shall comply-----if engaged in any trade or industry for which ther€ is 

no approved code-------, then, as to such trade or industry, with an ' 

agreement with the President as aforesaid; ·and that the United States 

shall have the right t0 cancel any contract for failU!e to comply with 

such provisi~n and make open market purchases or have the work called 

for by the contract otherwise performed, at the expense of the Contractor. 

(l (d) No agency of the United States and no Government 

Ccntractor or suuplier shall hereafter accept or .purchase for the nerformance of any contra ct 0t purchase order or enter into any subcontracts 

for &~y articles, material, or sunulies in whole or in nart produced or 

furnished by any ne rson who ~hal~ nqt have certif ied th~t he is . c6mplying 

with and will continue to comnly with----~- in ca se there is no approved 

code for the whole cr any uortion thereof, then, to that extert, with 

an agreement with the President as 

9819 
(l (o) ThP. ~0 q in~ rovi~irn nf this ~or shall li~A­

~iso auul y to ;::~ 1 ~"'0nt "t;tS f'l'lfl 1)UJ'dlf'S0 orr• o-r s authnr i'~P?- b: C'l n''. StatP. , 

.unicil)C'l l Cornor ~t i,...n, Lt"'l r.81 Subdivision, Forson or Co roo r nt 1nn, 1n . 

oonnocti'"'n "'Tith ur j~cts c C'l rri q(l o·· t or t n b<=> t;Pr j•i ocl nn+ , mholly or 1n 

par t , T'Ti th funds loan od nr r' nton b:r ~ 8 An c•r nf th"" Uni t~d Stf-l t""s , 

flnd t1lJ t;<"'nt ~t; s .n nrl agro"""l""n ts fo r th..,. .. mnking 0 f CJ nY such l0an or 

g r ant sht1ll "<"'ntain a.- u rovi ·i<"'n rAaui:r.ing th<=> Sta.te, Huniciual Co ru0ration, 

Local S,,bd:l.visi0n, Po r·s~" n nr Corpo r a.ti'"' n j·~r.P..ivi p.: sur.h lNm or ·g ;=~ nt, to 

coruoly with tho u r0visi0ns nf th~ or<l.P-r: ~d,--------------- -- ~ 

(a.) Anv "() 0 :r'S0n fRl sol y c~rt ifying ,FI s to compl i a ncA 

as afor"'sn i d mh0 submits ·an:, snch ·o rouo sfl l, bio.·, r.ontra·ct or subcon'trac t, 

or acc<=>Dts any uu Rs"" or d~r, may be punished e1.s u rovidP.d in SP.ction 

10 (a) of t.hP. .. NIRA.-----~~. 

3. PUBLIC 1JORKS ADl INI'STRATI ' n .EG~' LATIONS (PtrA BULLETIN 51) ;· 

"(a) No b'id mill bP. c~iVP.~. fnrm' pny contrPctbr--;-

---if th~ro bP. no sut;h auD rov~ . cocl.~ o{ fair comuP.t it iM1; who has 'not 

sign~d and comp l iP.d T!?i th th~ rovi s inns' c'f th~ · PB.A. • . · · 

(b) No subr.nntrprot shall. b':l l,""t t0. any subcont.rar.tor 

if th~r"" b"" no 8.1J1Jroved code>.---, ,....,ho he s nC" t s g>"~ Ad a nd. complied ' 

ith thP. PRA. 

(c) On.J.v a rtie] P. S, YJ,ntorial~ Pnd SUD'1lios roduc~d 

under----- thA PRA shnJl bo l..~ A~L by 8nV r::nntrp·ro.tor or subcnntr;:~ rotor .in 

"OP.rformancP. of· a.ny ""'Ork covP.ro d b~r tho bid., P. XCP.TJt "'hP.n th~ ~ontracting 

Officer cortifi8S thnt this toquiro l'J~nt ls not i.. n thP. DUbJ.ic intArost Or 

that thA COnSP.'0'1ent r.ost is UDr C'S ~"' nFipJ.P. 11 , 

B. RELI·EF TO GOVEI'--.NJ :ENT QyNTRACl_iU?.S .. 

On Augu st 6, 19 ~3 , (NRA ro l APSP.. #?OO) t he Pro _sidP.nt s.aid: 11 It ha.s 

bP.on bro'J.ght to · my at+.ention thst in m8ny i. nstanc P.~ hB:rd·shi;o may be ·imposed 

uuon employers who 6ign thR PPA---, rrh0 have u rAviously made contrat;ts 

mi th thA GovArnmP.nt to suuuJ.v ~ go0ds or · st:\rvi ces a }: f,ixAd uric.P.s ''!Thich may 

bo inad.Rauatq in vi·qw of :incro?s"" ¢. costs cau sPd ' by shortAning hours or 

increasing '111TagP.s :iil. complianr._P. '"i th r'7 "'1"1 P.nts or codP.s. 

The p olicy of tho Cl rninistr tt ~n vras stet~o: in thP. st?.tAmqnt which I 

issued uu.on signing thA NIR.A.---..:., Thi $ policy as · car.riod for-nrard. in thR 

'Provision of Parngra'nh #12 ~ PRA, ~cier .VIihich thOSP P1Bking this agrq<=>m~nt mi th 

the Pres iden't a lso agroP.d to · 1 T"lakA an ~·a.Du p ri"t'tP. a.djus t_'P1P.n t 0 f said fix-ed 

nricP. to mP.ot .n ny incr<=>pso i. n cost ·cE!usAcl by thA sellP.r ha.ving signed thq pR.A,_ _______ , 

ThA Unitod Stflt ""s GovqrnmP.n t as n huvq r of g0nds should b8 mil1~ng 

i tsP.lf to tak P. action simU Pr to th~ t recomr'lqndod +- o ur·i va tA buyArs. TherAfor"", 

"'hArP.Vt:\r adjustmqnt can be TrlB.c.e under Rxistinp· lAn, ( shall rP.COT"lmP.nd tha t 

thP.y be madP. undA; authority ~~'1}!)' pO~SP.SS8d by thP. ExecutivP. DP.nartmP.nt. 

I shall rP.cOm'T'lend that tho nP.xt C~n ross, mP.~tin t?: in Janua ry, 1934, taY:e 

acti0n g iving authoritJr to th<=> ExP. r.l.J.tivP. D""n8rt111ents, undP.r such safP.guard.s 

9819 
- 52-

as tho. Congros s may a r.rl')rove, and 111ak ing anv nRc~ ssa.ry auuro-pria tions to 

,,rovio.A for r~r:!OIDD"=m in g s:•.r.h ./Juvo.rs ,-rhq. have ... n _g_o.0d_ ~8i th and rrholeh~art~dly coouerp.to(!_ with .thR ~c ministr ti :t:J.. nf thb. · NIRA, _ and. as a rosul t 

tho.reof shO'JJ d equitably b~ all _o:w~c1 ~n inqf o.e S.~ . in- th~ i:Jrices Of goo d 9 

furnished in th~ in to. rim in ac~o rdanc~· '"'lth th~ tor'lls of ~"~ ntr s 

ent~ro.cl into mi th the GovArnment __ .:g rior to Jr>.ne 16. 1933. 

Bo.cau so. this same sit lat ion exists with ro.gPrd to emoloyArs '1!7hO have 

prAviou s1:v ¢ade cont :.~ Ev~ ts with StA.tBs, Munir.inaii tio.s, . "nr otho.r locAl 

Governments, I furtho.r r"'COT"ll"}end to tbe Govornors' of the Verious States and 

to execu tivo.s of CountiAs nd Hu nici'!=J a.i Units thc> t they·· take similar a~ti0n 

to allo'P for equi t BblP. a cl justrqe;n ts in such r.a.sos 11 • 

I. ACT PRCJVITI ING RELIEF TO GCJVE:SNL1ENT CCJNTI'.ACTuRS. 

On June 16, 1934, tho. Pr"'sident fulfilled. his urorriise of August 6, 1933 

in a:onroving Public Act No. ~69, auDroved by tho. 73d. Congross ,..,hich u rovided 

relief to Government contrg~"' t'ors whoso. costs ~"~f uerformancP. -ruP.re incr~asAd 

as a result of corrrplianc~ '"'Ti th the NIRA a·o1Jroved June 16, .1933, and for oth"'l 

uuroose~. In this- connecti~"'n it sh0u ld bo. -o~lnt~d. out thPt such ro.lio.f ,...,.as 

~uthorized. onlv in c~ so.s mh<>r"'· .cormlianco. ,.i_ th the NIRA mas established and 

whP.r"" contrar.ts wF>ro. o.ntor "'o_ ..·into ~i th the Uni t~-:~- Stat~s n~ior to August 

10, 1933 (see Purrlic Act)No. 369, Pnuroy~d. J1me 16, 1934, AuDendix 11 H11 . ) 

XI I • ENFORCEI.1ENT vF · THE PP.A. 

A. PUBLIC OPINICJN. 

In signing the NIRA., tho. Pr~sic1 en:t s8id: 11 This law is a challenge. to 

our ,.,hol"'l ·-ao.oule. Tho.r~ is n0 uo'"~r · in Americrt tha.t ·can' force against the 

nublic-wil.l_ such B.cti\'n as;.~ r~cn.J. ir8. But . t.horc is no grouD in AmArir.'a 

that C8.n withstand tho. forc8 0f an a.rbused. "Jublic op 1n1on. This gra.at 

C00po.ra.ti\ln CPn S1.lCCP."'C. onlY if thos~ nho bravo.ly go f.Or"'!ard to r~stor"' 

jobs havg age;-:-·AssivA uublir:! suu·oort and thosA ,111ho ]J'g aro. madF> to f~ol tho :.. 

full. wP.ight of uublic O.isa'D"Y')roval. 11 (NP.A lul.Jetin No._ . l.) 

In a gen~?.rA1 stP.temo.nt of· uolicy ·and uilTnos·e of the P~ signed by 

Geno.ral J ohns.0n and So.cro.tf'l!:'Y of Coin~ rcA RoB'''!',·· Chairman, Suo.cial IndustriPl 

Rer.ovo.ry Board, ~"~n Jul r 20, i933, ·it nas stnt.ed: "TherA is no forcA hgre 

Bxco.pt conscience Fl!ld opinion. Tht s is ~n ci.1JT)"'?.l to th"o se go\ld instincts 

of our :p"lopl~ nrhich hcwe never b~o.n besought in vain. Thi's is a t~st of 

patriotism. It is the time to d_om\'nstra to th"' faith of rur f .q.tho.rs and o Jr 

bo.lief in ou~se1ves. We ar"l a -peonle disc lined by . df-ltnO~~acy to a SP.lfcon trol suffici~nt to unite our <YL.1rr..hp sing ,)owo.r . -7. 'our l abor uomor ~ _;.. ou r 

ma na ~ment DO .,.,.,"lr to c a r r y ou t this grea t National' . rovC:::nant r.ri th vigor, r.rri th 

det~rmination but with calm corrroosur"l and. fc>ir ulay ~h ch shouJ.d a l ways 

mark thA Amgrican wa'J'·'' (NRA J3ullAtin #~ ). '· 

This policy of bRsing "lnforc"lmo.nt of th8 ~RA solely u~on public op 1n1on 

ma.s follO''ITP.d o.uring th"l ontiro. n eriod of its _existo.nco. by General Johnson 

and the AdministrAtion. ·. 

To Anablo. th8 uublic to do its part, · the N~ emblem lmC''V!l as _ iyl~ J3lue 

9819 
Eag l e " wa desi gned, n ri nt ed nnd suonl ied t o nll signe r s of t he PRA uuon 

ur senta ti on of a signed cer t ifi cr.ltP of compl i Qnc e wi t h the Agreemen t. 

Any pe rson obta ining t he :Jl ue EEtg l e i n t he mt>n ne r men tioned was pe r mitted 

to display t he embl em s o l ong he con t inlled t o conml y with t he Agr eem nt 

and by, s o doing he ind ica t ed to t he r.nl.blic t ha t he was cooue r a ting with 

the· Administra ti 0n in its eff ort t o s olve t he p roblem of r e mp l oyment 

and thcr efol" e me rited sunp ort of ~1e public f or his busine s. 

B. SURRENDE'Et OF THE :BLUE EAGLE 

By authority de l egat ed to t he Ar'lmi nistra t or by t he Presi dent in 

Executive Orders #6173, #6205 and #6337, Genera l Johnson sp ecifi ed t ha t 

11 whe1;1, . in -the Judgment of the sa id Adr.1inistrfl.tor or his Cl uly authori zed 

p:r ritFiti~es, any ners on ha s f a il ed to compl y with sRtd agr eement or 

code, or when any ne r s on ha s impron erly obta ined s a id embl em, such 

p e rs on sha ll surrend e r sa id emb'lern on de-mand of t he sa i d Administra tor 

or his duly authori zed r epres:entative, end shall not thereafter displ a y 

or use the sRrne without t he written nermission of the sa id Adm~ni tr tor. 

Any person who violates. any of the fore oing rules and r egulations may 

be punished, as provided in Section 10 (P) of the TIRA, by a fine not 

to exceed Five Eundred Dollars ( $500. 0C.) or imprisonment not to exceed 

six months, or both . 11 (Rul e s and Regula tions concern-ing Disnlay of 

ffiA Emblem, October 17s 1933). 

Reports from 1TRA. fi_eld {~ encies and comola ints rec e ived by NRA 

alle'ging non-com:oliance with . t..'"le PRA., indicated tha t during the period 

of the l?Tes iden t 1 s Reemployment Drive .. (August and Seutembe :r, 1933), 

esnecially consumers and genera lly s:.1ealdng emT)loyers themselves in most 

instances were ardent in t heir desire to see tha t the !~ement was 

observed; inquiry wa s made uuon purchasing goods a nd if there was any 

doubt as to whethe r the establishmen-t -- wa s \\Derating _under PRA provisions, 

patronage was refused • . The public c onsidered violation of the Agreement a 

crime and they felt that nromnt, vigoro~s crimi~ l action should be taken 

against the offenders. · 

The belief that crim~nal action ·s hould and would be taken against 

violators of the PEA w.a s later enhanced by a misleading statement regarding "Rules and R~gulations Concerning Dis'!)lay of NRA emblem11 incor..,. 

porated in NRA. relea se #1239, dated October 17, 1933, which said 

"Vi olators of the PRA today f a ce not only the loss of t heir Blue Eagles 

but als o, a s a result of an Executive Order issued by President Roosevelt, 

the s<:une penal ties - fines or imprisonment ·or··· both - provided by the NIRA 

f or vi_ol_atgrs of permanent Codes of Fair Comp tition.'~ In ma ny cases the 

press ounosed to the Administration and in some cases thos e favoring the 

Administration featured headlines inferring or stating t ha t the Administration would subJect PRA violators to fines and/or irtmrisonment penalties 

of the NIRA.. This made it extre;·1ely difficult for the Administration to 

exul ain to corrrolainan ts, the public and co opere: ting emoloyers, that enf orcement of ~1 e PRA rested solely uno:ri removal of the .Blue Eagle and 

public opinion, and as early -as t he Fall of 1933, uublic opinion in supuort 

of the PRA began t9 diminish. . . 

The inability of the NRA to handle promrJtly t he great volume of 

complaints alleging violations .of the ·pRA, becAuse of t he early centralized 

authority for removing the Blue Eagle delegated to the :Administ'ra.tor and 

9819 
.. ._54-

.· 

his author.izod r~ur~s8ntB R 'th"l Nat i0nal Corrrol :l. anc<'\· :Soard had a furth"lr 

dAmorali~ing :j_nflU"lJ;lCA ':'~ DUb1ic . ou inionc . It · is oU.ite u ossible that 

decentralization of hi~ au thority to Stpto NRA Co-::rpl.i.Rnce Dir"lcto:rs 

at an Aarlier dFlto might hav"l matArial ! ;r a s ststAcl in !Tiaintaining Public 

suo no rt of thA PRA. .. . . 

C'. : TYPES OF VIOLATIONS AiTD DISPOSITI<Jl'{·s 

1. · MIN:H'rm:r ryA(}"'S Al'ID HA.XD.lli1.1 HOURS (PARI\GR~PHS 2, . 3, 5, 6, PRA). 

(a.) ·· R8staur.ant: . . -- . ' . . 

49 to 56 hours DAr weAk, malA 

and f.8male.· 

F ~"Hnal e 48 , :r.1al e 

54 ~ours p~~ week. 

(2) Wagc,s paid - mAals ·and ro<"m 0n1 y (no ·cash) to 

meals; room, laundry and $4o00. pc,r wec,k. 

. . . ?Rt\. ~"H~irnumWages apu lir.able- 26 c·ents uA:t hour. · 

Permissible ·to- ¢ied,uct . a maximum . o·f $3.00 per '1/'T"lAk :for mAals 'provided 

SUCh WaS the practice Drior to ~UllA 1>), 193_3 • 

. Viola.t ions R"l'l)Orted -- SP.ptP.mbP.r 6, 19~3 Blue Ea.gl• 

ordered surrender8d D1=3cember 1:?, 1933. ' · 

(b) .Baking Industrv: 

per wAek.- . 

. . PRA MB.ximum_, Honrs a:oDlicable - 8 ·hours 'uc,r ·day·;· 50 

hours pAr .w<;>ek ... 

. (2) Wages ~aid ... 'tl6 to . $?o' ror week ~ 

' . 30 CAnts to 40 cents 

l • • • 

( 

. 3) · . . Di s~0 s' 

.t t n: . 

,. Viol ti~"ns RAported Febru ary 14, _1934, 

rAsuondAnt urosP.cut"lc. Fc,b n,_ary 26 , 1934 under Ponn2ylvF1nia Sta:tA ' Labor 

La1}!T for vi.ola t ion o.f Child . Lapor Act. EluP- Epgle prder~d. surrAnderP.d May 15, 1934. .. . . . . . . 

2. . ; 

98 19 (a) :Baking In(lustry: 
'· 

9819 

( 1) Uni on c ntrac t in f r C{ 11 .d for a 48-hour 

w r k week, t i e and a- nl f for overtime . 

( c;,) PRA called for Fl. 1-'1- hour wo r k week (machine baking) 

t i me and a-t hird f o ov r t i me (emergency). 

(3 ) , Respondent pr no eJ t 

to 44 h urs, to in c~s 

by 5 perc ent , a nd r educe 

time and one-third. 

dccrense rk week fr om 48 

w~g r a tA on an hour ly ba sis 

overtime comn ensa tion to 

(4) I11-t er pr e tati n Tc . 20 of Pa r agr aph #7, PRA -- 11Pa ragrauh 7 prevents the reouction of compensati on in excess 

of the minimum, whethe r it is paid by the hour, day , 

eek , or month. 11 

(5) Disn)sition: 

Octob~r 3 , 1933 , comnlaint filed by local bake r s 

union. 

October 31, 1933, Denve r Loca l Compl iance Board 

r ecommended that the r esnondent 1 s Blue Eagle be ordered 

surrendered. 

Subsequ~nt to De cember 14, 1933 the Labor Branch 

Comn liance Division in r ec ommending to the Na ti l 

Compliance Direct or t hat he discuss the case with the 

respondent's a ttorney stated t ha t "acc ording t 0 th3 

strict l ett er of the PRA and annroved substitutions, the 

complainants in this case ar G right. .An effort was made 

about the time this se,a~ose to ge t from the General 

Counsel, a sta t ement as to whe ther Internre tation No. 20, 

PRA was t o auply rig idly in al l casas, even in th()se 

where t ha wage r a t es were in the higher brackets. If 

silence may be t aken f or consent,. Internretation Uo. 20 

applies throughout thG who le scale of wages." 

June 15, 1934 -- Case filed in closed file pend1ng 

p ossible resurrecti on, as t he Bak ing Code w?.s approved 

and had become ~ffective, and t:he Xa ti onal Compliance 

Board had nrcviously ruled that it would not order the 

surrender of t he Blue Eagle for a PRA vi,la tion after 

an anplicable code had been approved. 
-; .,. , ; r . • . . . ~56:-: 

CH.APTER. IV 

. .AJ) Il S'l'rt,ATI N O:f TH~ P~SI :U~l ~ .

1 S. R;Y~i. J>LOT .iET.T AGRL:Zl iiiT T 

I. :.IZA:Dlcl,l.-ArtT:CHS ( fA Hi iJ TO ' D • . c: .) ., ... .. 

.A.'. J3LD . .G - :b~GLE IVI SJOlT ~ im.A. ( Augu,s.t .lC., 1933 to October 26, 1933) --- ·-=r---;r.- . . . . . . . . 

· As pr vio-us~u rJent i one cJ..,. .G.eneral Johnso;n .en or ,ab out July 22 , 19 33 

ap ointee~ C-neral Thomas S. · Hammonct, ':G xecu tive.'_Director·, President 1 s :rt eempl oyment Pr ogram to develop anc. p romuige te its _Jolicie s. General 

HarrllnQl).C ~ on A1~ ust 10,_ 1933 .. , --e.nnounced .. t l1c;>.t :th e .. desi g:aation of his office · 

vvoV,j_ ~ -be .

11 :Sh,~e . Eat;l e . Di vi s:L on, :N.B.A11 • ·. Coi1.fi rr.:1i 11(:; v erba1 instru ctions 

previously . Given ' General . Uq...'111llOnG., on ~u -,:t. s t .23 , 1 93:? announced tilc.t t h e 

newl y e stabiish.ec. 3lne Lng le Div isicn , NRA.. was charc; ed with t h e a dmi nistration of NRA Bull etin #3, 11 The P r.esi6 .. e~ t' s Reem:p loYJ ent ProGram", 

dates Jul: · 20 , 1 933 , i n Y1 ~1 ic~1 was inc rp ratec~ the . 11 P:resiclen t 1 s R.eern~) loyment .AGre emen t. 11 (Als o s e e 11 I3l ue Eagl e Division,' NRA11 , ·Appendix11 B11 . ) 

. . .. 

Pri or t o the e s tablishment of .l NRA .. ~i i"'lCe-:B ards on or abov .. t ~ . 

Sept em-o er l, 1933 , the e fforts of the }:lffiA we r e dir e ct e d t o explaini n;g 

and inducin~ emp l C? yc rs t o t:; n the P~, · and li·t.tl e att enti on was :;?aid 

to aCministrati on. . Vli th the e stablishr;1e nt of the :Blue Ea6le Divisi o11 

NRA, 2.. l1Ui1lbe r of s e ctions were created f or t h e purpo se .. of carrying ou t 

p r eliminc,I'Y a dministration functions. 

1. EllC'CTI VE S:ECTI01T 

Th e :exe cutiv e S.ec ti on, Bl ue ::Bagl e ·Divisi on , NRA was create d. to 

cl ec>.r a1 l · aci.J.ni nist ra.tive matt.er£ .r e:_;::; rding (1) <ie cisi ons of pc-lic · eit ~;. r 

wi l?- ~n · 1e .. d.i vision ·or .fr.om .. the PR.A. Policy :Soar.c , ( 2) requests f 0 r expenC:Li tv.res of .. money , (.:3).· ?er -;. l, ( :.:,) contacts wi t~l other gove rnn e:i1 tal 

depa:ctment.s , .(.5), .lia iso·n .cont a ct wi t h the 26 Di:strict Office s of t h e 

De.par-b:1 ent. of ~r e ·.( 3. E. D. J,I. :# 1) . . . ' . 

. ~ .,. : 

· 2.·· · ~~OOViR¥ . ,• . .. 

. 

BOARDS . DCT Ol~

• , t ' 

Thi s Se ction wa s created t o maintai :1 c ont a ct with the field. t h n ,_ 

st c;.te E>...ld. ;D.is.:trict Recov ery ·:Boa rc1s an:<l.Counc i ls, and L0.c al NRA. Co :11--:1 ittees 

(B. E.D. li.I •. #1 ano. #10 ). ' ' 

' . ' 

.3. , .. COMPLArlTTS &ECTIC}J . 

To ha11e"t.l e all comp l ai:i1_t s fJ?om the fi el d:. as· aff.e ctinG; C'perc .. ti on of ~1 e 

PRA, inclucli ~1g c om}; lain t s r el a tive t o us c of ~1e 3 1Fe Eac le,a co lc; ::: 

secti on 'Has e st ablishoci.. in the Blue :C a :;l e Divi sic n . Co;npl a ints rel ati v e 

to the ri,;h t t o p roduc e or J:)r Oll'l.l.cti on 0f t h e i nsi {':ni a we re ~1 ar1cll eC:. ~- the 

Insi c;ni c-. Secti on (J .E.D. M. #1 anc1 #10) . 

4. REORGANIZATION (S e~) em'b r 30 , 1933 • 

P1.1.r sn a11 t t o NR.A Offic e Order i:3G, ,3optembe r l C, 193 7 , t h e Bh,_e ::::e -;le 

Divi si on, NRA, l.1 r . Fr anY· Heal y , 0:1i ef proc ee de d. t o cons olidate andreor {;an ize the Di vision t o ono<~ .. a:ce its elf to t h e s ec ond phase of t!1e 

Blue :C2""';l e Co. 1 :·! i 6n. To effec t t h i s r e or ,;an izati ol1, ll Secti ons ner e 

a boli she L~. , e ff e ctive Sept embe r 30 , 19;)3 e: nCt. t here r emained only one r:1ain 

081 9 
function of the Di vi i on - the a dmini s tr;' ti on of t11 PEA thru LvCC'.l lTilA. 

Cnmpl i<'l ce ·oard.s , v1hich lnch,de c"l.. a su~)r rvi.~io 1 o.L' uk t e ond District Bo'-:cC.s , 

the creati rm of L~>cul NRA C0111p llr,nc e Bo., rc .. p , t ; 'J 1~ cll l.n ·· · "lf rt::Col! endations 

and re)orts on om)laint n- d po ti tiC'n!; co .•. L! · frn u o11~ lian e Boa r(r.; anG. 

the i:1t or 1)r .trti on of the PRA <'lHl variour; su o tituti onc thereundeH 

( B. E. D. I.I. #1;3) . Alsr. "'Oe 11 Blue bn._;le Divisicn , I' . - . A. :' oo r .o-anization, 11 

Appen(~ix 11 C "· 

Al thou5~ all s e ctinns , f the Blue 2a{.,lC' Divisirn , NH.A we re abo lished 

en Sep t ember 30 , 1~ 33 , the Jrcmch nf th .. (lvisit. n l1ancl ing P RA co111plai::.1 ts 

was refen~ed to fm ~: ni nce as t.lP. coup laints secti on ·:Jhich· ':tas t l:e 

succ e ss r t0 t ho ri :~ inal c oLpl r'int s. se cti bl . In a ddi tinn to haJ.1c.linc 

complai nts r e c ei v e0. di rect from th fl m~_:>l.:'1Lwn t s , comn ln.int s refer::ced b~' 

the 'hi te Ii11..U'so , and compl aints wltic11 aCC ~"' t1po nie<.l qucst iornaires r etu.nred to t he Ce;.1sus B·1r eau; this Secti n handles PRA c ast:-s rece ived frm. 

Loccl lJRA Cor.1plian ce BoarO.s, w:1i ch they had been unable t o adjust. 

5. PROCEDURE 

( e.) Com' lain ts No t Consi cte r e d by Loc a l Cnmp li enc e Boarc\.s. 

Compleints r eceived directly by t he Blue =ngl e Division we r e either 

r eferred t o Loc a l lifRA Compliance Boa.r ds for i nv esti.:";o.ti on and recorru.:1encle..tion 

as t t hei r Clis~Josi ti on, or a l e t te r v.ras a.d.C.ress ecJ. t o the c omp lai 11ant 

advising thc.' t t he a l1. et;ations ) re sent e d C::.i G. not constitute a vi ol a ti on • 

In come Cr's e s t he compl ainant was a dvis e d. t o s e cu r e acldi ti onal evit'.e11c e 

to s~ port his alle[;a tion s of non-cornplic:nc e and t o r e f er the matter 

to his Lo c..El NRA Comoliance B0ar d. ,L 

( b) .Q om-ol aints Co nsi~_ere~by Local NRA Cornplia.nc e J:3oar G.s. 

Inve ti :~,.:' ted cas e s involvin:.._; allege d n on- comp lia nce wi t h the PRA 

receiv e d fr o1.1 Lcc a l Compli anc e 3oa rcts we r e r eferr e d. ~"~ train ed analysts 

f or anal-rzing '"' nd furthe r r ec omr::en.de d fi ndi 11gs. In · considering thes e 

cases t he analyst was requir e d t o det e r .1ine wh e the r or not t he Lo cal 

Complianc e :3oard he.d. foll nwed. in de tai l the pr oc e dure for handl ine; ? RA 

·compla ints as outline d. in NRA Bulletin :f/:5 , and t o cle t errnine whethe r 

or not il1 his opini on the allebati ons constitut e d a vi l) lati on of the 

PR.4.. In Sfi>rnB c a s e s , be cause G:f lack f evi c'.enc e , t he c a ses were retu rne d 

t& t h e Local Complianc e Board or the compl ainar1 t C'r responlient o r bo th 

with a reQ_uest t o su_)::p l y acldi ti ona l _;.)e rti nent i nformati on ar1d data. 

I n anal~ zing PR.4. cas e s t he anal;.{st was r eq_uire cl t o fill out a de t cdl e d. 

c ompl a.i nt an alysis f orm in v1hich wa s i n c orpo rated p e rtinent information 

cleeme c n e c ess ary t o e stablish a vi "l l a ti on. The se fo r ms !Jrov i Q..e d for t h e 

teco.nnenC.ati on of t he analyst a s t o the ne .. ture of a cti on t o be token 'uy 

the Nati onal C8mplianc e Bo a rd. £:ilch c ase was c on si cle red. by three analysts , 

e f '~1'1 ic h t he writer ':.'as one, nn<i t hen referred t o ~w Division ' s Chi ef 

Assistant Counsel , Chie f Cgunsel nnd' the Chi ef of t he Division before 

pres ent a ti on t o LH;. Nationa l Coraplianc e B0a rd for final a cti on. 

6. T:CPJ ATI Or (C'ctober 26 , 1933 , Offic e Orl..e r #4C) 

On October 26, 1 933 , t he reorganize d Blue :C:agl e Divi , lJRA oecar.1e 

the Bl-u.e Zagle Branch f t he CQmplianc e Divisi n established a s of t he.t cJ.::.te. 

9811J 
- 58-

B. COMPLIA!.ICE DIVISION , NRA (Octob e r 26, 1933 to August 29, 1935) • 

As p r eviously men tioneo. t pe Blue ~-g e Divisi on , RA. b e ca.me t he 

Blue Ec..g l e Bro..nch of t he·· CQ ffii_) li :-_~J. e Division, NBA est blishe( on Octob e r 

26, 1933. The Blue Eagl e Brc.noh , C._om.:_)l_i o.n c e Divisi on continued to 

f'.O.rriiniste r the PRA until lJ ov e:r 24 , 1933 a t which t ir.1e it \'7~ S £>.m:~ g:'c

mo.t c d o.n d consoli -:~. i~to : h~ La bor, Tr:-·.de Pr::'.ctice e..nd Adminis tr~ · · 

ti ve Bra nches of the Corrrp li:mce Division ~)ursuo.nt to URA Offi-ce Orde r 

#45. 

Following the o.mc-.l g:'.mo.tion ::'.n c1 consolid...,_ tion of· t he Blue :&:-.gl e 

:Br ~. nch, c.dministr::'.tion of the . FRA, w::-.s. ru:-.. ncHed by t he (1) · Lnbor Br:-'.n ch , 

ch.:.r ged with h c-:.ndling comp l :--:ints of viol:->.tion of P3A ~.bor "D rovisions 

o:..nd (2) Tr:.;.de Fr~~ ctice Br2..nch, ge d with. J.r:nc.U i ng coml_) l o..ints of 

viol:--.tions of o.ll provis~?.n~ of the ·PRA othe r h~ n t hose "involving 

l o..bor r9visions. 

On April 12, 1934, the rsonne l .'"' n l cluti e s of t he 1 :--·.bor ".nd Trr'.de 

Pr-:>. ctice :Bro.nche s ware o..bsorbe d by t he An~.lysis Br c-.n ch , Com:9li::n ce · 

Division e sto..blished on .th.:. t. .~. y by. IJ:RA OfficE? O!·.de r 1/:85, ~.nd from 

April 12, 1934 to Mny 27, ·· 1935; · :: dmi::.fs tr,..,_ tion· of t he PRA w~.s h".ndl ed 

by the · Ano..lysis. Br~.n ch, Compli ".nce Divisim:. : HRA , t hrough Loc2..l NRA 

Cornpli nce Bo c- rds o.:1d Sto.te NRA Comp _J.ii-.nce j ir.e ctors subj e ct t .J a.pprov .l 

of the Complicmce Coun.c~l, NRA ::.nd the. Chi c: ~ of the Co m;p li nc e Division, 

NBA. :: . 

. . . . 

The }) rocedure followed, in h..:.nclling o.lleged viol_o.tions of the 

PRA, by succe ssors to the org ~_ niz d 13l·ae 2..g · ]J'i vision, NRA we> s in 

the m0. in the s o.me a.s the:. t followed by tne Blue :s:-.. g l e Division. 

C. NATIONAL COMPLIA:i.JCE BOARD 

With the esto..bJ.ishment of the. lif tion l Comp li2.nce :Bo :->_rd, NRA on 

Octobe r 26, 1933 (Office Orde r :/f4.0), the first r e2.l e fforts v1e r e m2..de 

to enforce the PRA. As men.tion ed unde r "Enforcement of ~J.e ?BA" in 

Cho..pte r r·rr' enforcement of the PBA :rest ed sole l y Up 0l1 public op inion 

:::.nd remov:>-1 of the Blue Engl e insigni c>. in C:'.se s whe r e viol c-~ tions of 

the Agreement were est~blish ~ to the tisf :::. ction of t he NRA AdministrG tor. In e sto..blishing the N:.-. tiono.l Cornpli :->.n c e Bo-:>.r d, Genernl Johnson 

st".t ed th t its duti e s were to unde rto.ke further .:'.ttemp ts o.. t :->.djustments, r e corrm1ended exc ep tions :::.ncl. r emove t he Blue Eo..gl e in cc .. s es of 

comp l a ints r e ferr ed to it by the No.tionnl Comp lio..nce Dire ctor • 

.. 

Up on r e-f e rence of c o.s e s of C'.: llegec1 viol:-'.tions of the P3.A to the 

N0. tionnl Comp li:::>.nce B8·".rd by the ~NC'. tion2.. l Comp li".nce Dire ctor :->_ ft e r the 

comp l ':'.ints ha.d b een o..n: .lys ed o.n c.l digest e d by the Co ~1 li :-> e Division, 

t h.::J B9·'"'.rd s e t c.. do.t e for lle".rinb ~11c .. so notifi ed t he .~; on nt dvis

ing th...,_t he would b e g iven Gn opportw!i t y to· b e · he:-.rc1 in pe rson or b e 

r epresent ed by co~'ls l o1~ both, :--.lthough this wr::s not ss . Aft e r 

he o..ring t he CGs e t l1e Bo:trcl, in t he event t he memb3rs f e lt t he n. su.bmi tt ed w::.rr".llted such ".ction , r e collL.'11ended t lln t ·t he r e sp ondent m'"'.ke 

ce rt.:->.in :ldjustments ':.nd if suc11 0-djustme:nts we r e .1o t mr.de wi t h.:. n ~ 

spe cifi ed time , the r e sponden t wC' s ·orde r ed , by t e l dg r-".m over 1e Adinistr tor1s si ture to surrende r his insigni:- to the loco..J. postm::st e r. The loco..l postmc.. s~ r w-::.s :--.lso :->.dvis ed of t he Boo.rd' s ~'. ction, 

9819 
hov1eva r he \7"..S .1ot r .qu LS t l<l tot~ .n· n '. 01 t ~-e ··ny · ction to .,., rcl obt".ining the Blue E'"' . .:', l v . The·- ov "' )ro cf'durtJ L1 ",' .. lj_Jtl..t i.in.~ th ... P?.A Vl'"'S 

fo l low.J d by tha Ac'vic.ory Co~.:Jlcil , Ccmp l i !~C::: Division , t hv om~li nc" 

Cou..lcil, l RA ".lll .. t :l,:J R .... i OL." l Cm.mc' l n , SU2.'~ S<'\OIC to t h; n .tiOln l 

Compli " n ce 13o" rd , 0 ;.:c _;:) t ord ':i.'S r or r ; . .1ovi n_; t'1 "Jh'..; E".c:l ·,:) in C"sc s 

hc ..... rc~ b;>' :rto_::, i on .... l Coun ils, :hich .. ,ent ou t ovo.~. t: , sit:;:1''.turc of t he 

Rcgion".l Dire c t ol.'. A- )~) .".ls t ., ins t r .~!110V l of tLt.J ii1Hi 0ni -: vrere he" rcl 

by t 1e i.J ~ nc. ustri ".. l Appo·' ls :Bo" r u . 

D. 

Restora tion Jf t ho u~.: 3a.:;lc in::. g~ a r;o.s con tijl(;,C'Yl t upo n apulica tion by t he r esyo!1de;.1 t f'.nd e. SB t i.sf".. c to ry ?...djust mcn t o f a ll c olTI}1 l aint s . 

J3efurc a orrr t vva s co!1S i u.or ,_; d nc.j ust ed o.· the . l u 3£>-Gl e wo.s r esto r ed, 

the es~) ndcn t was r equired to ful fi l l t h e fo ll01.·li,1;_; r equirements: 

(l) Re i nst ? t e any or all G[m l oyae s sch~ cQ f or r egiste rinG 

comp l aints. 

(2) :Make full r estitu tio 1 of b:'l cl- rJf'lgc s d1.:.e , ca lculated on the 

basis of t he carr e ct wag~ S~)e cifi d i n t he ? ?.A, i n case s wh o r e a. lowe r 

;1age had b ee: ·oaid t han t hat p r ovided in the Ag n :;ement. If ne cessa r y , 

t he ~:)Q nden t we.s pe rmitte d to ma~~e su c h p::.ymen t s i n i:i.1 st a llments )rovi de d he gave a l~o sorJ not e or jud~:nen t note or' -~J est d othe r fol~ s 

of s e cu rity. In CA.se s whe r e t h'-' r e wa s some qu estion a.s to the ability 

of t he ~)on e:n t t o pay, t he cas e v.·a s r e f e 1·red to t he Sta te Adjustm-:m t 

Boa rd for t hc i r consi de r 2. tion v-.r i t -1 a view to comp romi si :nt; at a lov7er 

fi gure in the even t t he er1y loyee s ·would not obtain any t h ing if such a 

como romise was not made. i'fhe re it was imp ossible to secure evidence a s 

t o t he exact amount du e t 1 e cr .3 ~.li bili t y of the cor~1J."'~ inant ?.nd r e s:p ondent we re v.r i ghed. It W'=1.S ] oin t cd out th.2.t a ny civil richts t he emp loyee 

had regard in.;:_; :>e y:nen t o f back '·72.60S 1.7e r e not ) r e j uc'.ice d by the State 

Adj u stment 'Boa r d 1 s ~· ro v? l of l os e t ha :1 100~ r e stitution. 

(3) As a rule t he 1Je.ti ona.l Corrro lia;,1c e J3o::J.rd r equire d that e. t 

l ea st time a l1d one-third te ~)e. il:. for a ll time ;;or~.:e d in excess of the 

maxi mum hours S1.)e cif i e d. i n t he PRA or a'T')rovecl suiJ sti tution the r e to 

unl e ss a c.e fi n i t e r a t e f or sucl1 overtime v-.rf:ts p rovi ded. 

II. FI:SLD 

A. LOCAL IE:UI AT IC~J J30A ... TffiS 

In a rac io addr ess, Aue:;ust 23, 1933 , Gen e ral Johnson a nnounced the 

s e cond phe.s e of t he ? reside:1 t t s Roem_p loyme;.1 t ? roGram which he chB.racteriz ecl L1 the follolfing l ::t!lt;uage , "'J:lhe next vffort ·;i l l b e to mop up the 

abus e s and a ll t ho ene r:;y t hat has b een ex.)ended in the first month of 

ex_) l a na tion will be tur:aecl on t h is s e cond .t 0.sk o f cl e~m ing UlJ chise l e rs. 11 

The need for li s s e cond J~1a e had oeen ri v en home i n many wB.ys - consume rs ancl err-_Jloyors forr;? rded t :nou sa nd s o f c orny l e.i n ts to URA, cha r g ing 

noncomplia nce ol: t lJ.e part o f t :i. e Prt..l\. si t;;n e rs; t e l ebrams and letters we re 

f orwarded to i~ 3A by Loca l l'TRA Comni ttee s from a ll ove r the country requesting among othe r thing s, a ut:1ori t y to (1) organ ize Arbitra tion :Boa rds, 

(2) act a s they de emed a dvisa.b le to enf o rce t he ?.:::l.A or ( 3) r emove ti1e 

9819 
- 60-

Blue Eagl e i n case s whe r e t he siGne r h~d f ailed to comp l y , or qas delaying. corn:) liance , "but meam:hile was dis:9 l a.;ring he _Blue Zagl e . ·'. 

01:1 e~0 ember 2, 1933, Ge1ieral He.mmond a nnounced. ' t hat de lib at~ 

wilful rit:h~s lin " would !10t be tol e r.a.t ed ; t ha t it r:a s fe lt the tin e 

ha d come a i1d it yv2..s :9 lann ad to s e t up loc2. l Media tion 3 oaro.s i n ·aach 

commU11-i ty in which the r e was a Loca l NrtA ·comrni ttee . It .7aS at f irst 

con t entJla t ed that all complai1~ ts a:!Sains t co.nsume rs or ~m::_:> lo ye rs nou ld 

b e r egist e r ed with Local Jv1edia tion :Boa rds for t h e )"lU~)os e of i ncl.ucing 

compliance by cduca.tion, conciliation and mediation as far as ")o sibl . 

(B. E. L$tte r ://=6) • The life of Local Mediation J3oa :-cds as su ch ';Ias of 

·short duration, as the name- was chang ed -to Lo:cal H:rtA Corn:?lian ce Boa rds 

on Septemb e r 11, 1933. 

:B. ·: LOCAL NBA COlVl?LIAlTCE BOARDS (Sel) te ber ll, 1933 to June 15, 34) 

:t. ORIGIN 

In a le tt~r dated Se:9 tem'ber 11, 1933;· ad::Ce s s e cl t o NPA Local Cornrni tt ee 

Chairmen, General Jot.lllson stated "Vie mnst s e cure 100';; compliance with 

the ?RA by all .employers now unda r the Eag le. 'I'o accomp lish this speedily 

and e{fectively, you are hereby request ed to este.blish in your community 

an" NRA Cclill]_")liap.ce :Soard. It . . 

·The duties· or Locai NRA Compi.iat1ce Boa.rds ·we r a edu ca ti o"n . conciliation nd .ined_iation in handling (a) complain ts ot' noncorr;tpliancv v7i th . t h e 

PRA; (b) petitions for exceptions \.mde r ·parai ra:nh lh 4, ·PRA' (See "Exceutions ·to the PRA-Local NRA. Co~li nc Bo rds") ;- and (c) :Je titions forp e rmission to ope:·rate on the lonce:r hour schedule of existing union 

col'l tra cts, instead of t he rna.xirrrum hours of t h e PRA (See 11 ::Sxc ep tio 1s to 

· the l?EA. -:- Loca l lTPJ\. Corrrpliance 3oards"). local RRA Com) li e.nce Boar ds 

ha d no powe rs of ·enforcemant excep t ~ ex_)re ss dir ec t~o s from '7ashington, they v;rere · local r epre s ei.lta.tive s of the lJRA a nd VJ"e r e not aff ilia.-

t ed vvi th any other organization. 

9819 
3. ORGANI ZATI 0' . 

I n o:t.r-ro.n1z1n:; Local Nl C mnli1LCC B ard, ~ e Loc al NRA uuu :~ t e 

Chairman H<' · i1 st1· c t ""tl. t1 : 

( a ) Conv en · i;;u:1ed.i te l ~1d a.c t as ch innan of a nominat ing corru.1i t t e 

comno s c l: o · indi i nua ls repr u!Jen tii L t he nt e~J ts o l a tJ ~ tra de , i ndustry anc1 t :1e consume r , for t l1e purpo:·e cf nami n ; .t h .!"lt'mbc r . of tl Cn1 

plia.nce Boa r ds. To s e cur t ho n1·one r l'eu 1·e s enta ti on the heads of t h e 

foll nL1~ r.:;:mi:>: a ti ons we re , p )oi ;1 t erl memb e rs of t h e rni C~ ti.ng cor:uni tte c :. 

Clambe r 01 Co!."T:,c r c e , Re t ail •.. e r c: tcmts Assoc i ·-- t i on , Manufacturers As s ooiaticn , so1 1e ·epre nt, ti ve lnbur ~.:mi '~- · ti on , Federat i on of Wome l1r s 

Clu b s , an d t1e l oc 1 Ba r A. s ocia tion. 

( b) Upo .1 c onveni::J.t; the nol:lina 'Li11g c om. ittee , t he C'i1a.irman advisc cl 

them t: C'.t they he d bee;1 c,qJJ cC: tog e t h e r f or the so l e cl.u t y of naruin[; tl1e 

6 memb e rs of the . Local Ooo:plinnc e Bo a rd. 

If it v.r.:ts de e.:1e d ac"..vi s ab l e c:nd more xp e di ent to fo rt:n a count y conrp lionce bo2.rd, su ch was pe rmis si ble p r ov i c"c e cc t he cons ent an d coope r a ti on 

as obt e i a eci. of al l the ot her t owns i n .'the county wh ich had p r evim .. 1.sl y 

been r equer.ted t o f or m Oo! :pli e.n c e J3 oards. 

4. REPRb SE i~ OH 

( a) E! .Jl oyee i n I nd ,_ s t ry - A truly rep res enta tive empl oye e in im:;n st r i al l c:.bor , ·i f the r e v;as an i i:dus.try in t he c rmum..mi t y , e l e cted f .· r his 

l eade rsh i p , il t e l l i g en c e ancl st andi ng in L, he c ommunity and among his 

fel lor•s. . - · ·_- · _. ... • ; .!· 

( b) Lm .. _l oye e i r, Ret a il or Whole s al e Tra de - A truly represent a tive 

empl oyee in r e tai 1 o r v1h ole s8l e tr .d.e ·i n t he community. 

•. 

. . . (c) })n~ lo r i h nd:~..ts ry .A truly ,Jre en .-~ tiv e i ndus trial 

empl oyer , i f there VvB. S an i n<lrstry i n t he Conmunit "'• 

( d) T''T.p loy e r in Re t a il or Whol e s al e Tra o.e - A .t :cu_ly r epr e sentab.v e 

emp o~ er ii~ tl1e re t c.il or wholes al e t ra.G.e i n t he c omiimni t y. Both em:]loyer 

members sh·ml c."c hav e be en me n who ha d be en'·l ec>.o.e r s in t he NRA movemept. 

( G) Cr11 s""Gne r - A renre s entn.tiv e of the· co n sUJ.1 er "' i.1 the c o11 11.m~ t :r 

p r efer a.bl;;- c:.. FG:nF.>r. v• i 1 no Cli re c t ir t e r e s t s or co nile c ti on with Tra d.e 

or InC:..ur _-:,r otile:;,~ . n those of a consycrncr .. 

( f j :' · o .. !_ - A an::, rn~ ~l .:;aod. an~i l1[; vr ith t :1e -Sta t e J3 a r Asso ci 2.ti on 

and i ·1 t l; e r.m1em1.::. i ty, s e le·c t.e o. f or h is Te<:>.de:cs:1i 1J in t h e p r of e ssi on. 

5.. P:GR.L.Al:ElTT Cl.IAi lli.IAr 

As s oon a s the ap·)o i n t ment of the Board "'lvas c or:1p l e t ed , the Legal 

ember , · a.s Cha irman p r o t ern , \''as not i f i ed and i nst ructe d tQ c all tl1e fir ~ 

meetin.:; o: . t ... 1e BSJ.: .. rd i rnrJedi a t el y , f n r the purpose of naming a s ey e:i1 t h 

rnE?mb er as ~e an nt chairman. 1rhe _· p e"man ent lla il~ an was · require d t ? he.v e 

admini s t ra.tive ·and. gan in~ a bi lity an d me.t u r e juc.~e;i aen t, he shoult'. enj oy 

9819 
-62-

, 

the r e spect of the entire cor.1r.mni t y , and v;a s requ i reel__ to be fr·s e fran any 

con;.1ecti on - political, financial, or othe rr1ise - ·which would cast an~ t oubt 

on i m:'!arti ality of his decision. It was f u rther suggested the': retired 

leaders of cm:m1erci al or prof e ssiona l life be co nsic:te red f o r 1is nomination. I mrc1 eciiatel y upon Jl tion of the Boarcl organizati on and appointment of t~1e )ennanent Chairman, he was ins truct ed t o s o notify the :!j:z:ecu tive 

Section, Bl ue Eag el Divisi on , NRA to enable them to furnish the Boe.rd 

wi t h detailed instructions with rel-;ard to p rocedure and confirmation 

or modifi cati on of the nominations. The~term of appointment was oriGi nally 

for -2:5 days. Approximately 4100 LJca l Compliance Boards were organi zed 

and functioned. 

6. UATURE. 

There was no prov1 s1 on made f or a llowanc e of sa:}.arie s or expens os 

to Loce,l Com:p liance Bo a rds by the Fe de ral C-overnrnent other t han the 

e-xt ension of the franking privilege f or all offi cial cmru .mnications. 

On October 21, 1933 , General Johns on ac'.vised that a rrang ements hac.l been 

made wi th the Federal Em:~=loyment Relief Administre.tion so that relief 

workers could be supplied t0 Local Cempliance Boa.r ds upon request. Th ese 

workers were to be paid from the ert: ergency relief fund (C. B. Letter #B) . 

Be c ause all Stat e a:u d Loc a l CWA projects expired on March 31, 193( , t h e 

use of r eli ef worke rs was discontinued. In the main Loc a l NRA. Coi:Jpl iance 

Boards furlCtioned without ;Fgde ral aid, and although they did a remark able 

j ob 2s a Vlhole , bett 1~ results might have be en obt a ined if they hacl been 

properl~-- s t affed and allowances made for salaries and expenses. 

?o rUCOEv~ FOR HAND:UilJG- COllPLAlNTS OF NOFCm!PLI.ANCE WITH T:L PRA 

Local lffiA Compliance Boards were not councils of inquisition or 

compulsi on. Their function vvas l)ri maril y t o be of service to all employers, rrho had signed t he PRA, by k e eping them informed of t :1E:: ms aning 

of the Agreffinent and t he individual empl oyer 1 s oblig ations un~er it. 

As a guide t o be used by all Local Ccmp li ence Bo c:rd.s in handling cor.1::;>laJnta 

alleg ing viola ti ons of the PRA, GenGral Johnson and the Special Inclus~ 

trial Re covery Board i ·ssue cl t he follovvinG r egu.lations, whicl1 were published ir: 11RA Bulletin =£b 5, "Regul a tions on Procedur e for Local NRA Compliance 

Board.s 11 , dated Sep t ember 12, 1933: 

11 ( a) R~ceiTJt of Compl a i 11 ts. 

( 1) All comp l a i nts must l)e presented to the l ocal NRA Compli ence 

BoarG. ( hereinafter called the ' Board•·) i n the Employer's community. All 

comiJlaints should b e in writing and signed b y the p e roon maldng the 

c omplaint ( hereinafte r called the 1 com ainant r). 

( 2) The leg al membe r of the Board. should be de signated as s ecret c:;,ry 

to the Board and should be charc;ed with the duty nf r ; c e i ving and ex aminging all cm 1p aints . He should r e-j e c t all those : in whi ch the f-.;,cts . as.· 

stat e d, if true, do not constitute noncomplianc e with the President's 

Agre ement. If h e. is in doubt as to whe ther or not the facts stat e d, i f 

true, do constitute noncompliance, h e should reque st a ruling from N""RA 

throv h the Secretary ~t e. District Re covery BQard at the District 6ffice 

on the stat d facts. 

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(b) otice t o Em_p l oyer of Complr-in t. 

( 1) The Em lo.,rer shou ld be notif:ied of the comp l Aint. It L:; 

very im ort nnt t at this notice be mn0e in the pr ope r m nne r. In many 

instP ces, me re notice of t he f , ct t hat a com l~int h~s be en 'fil ed wi ll 

be sufficient to induce im~erlinte co pliance . T1e whole tone of any 

notification, whe t he r written, tele hon ic, or per sonnl, should be that 

of ~ssuming that the Employer is compl?in.f; F~ nd thnt the compl int is 

due to some· misunde rstn.rl<:Tin_g, "•hie 1 the Ern loyer can c leAr up by explAining the ituntion to a repre sentntive of th 3oa rd. The empl oyer should 

not be given t he name of the compl ;- i n[Jn t unless t~e Emplo:re r requests 

it And the complAinan t acre es . 

(2) In no event shoul d t he f ac t that a co~pl int has been 

filed agpinst an Employer be me1de public. 

(c) Education. 

( l) Since in the notic e to .the 3:mplo;.rer the offer is made to 

explain the Fresident '.s Agr .c:ement to him, this exp l an ation should be 

made at the .time of giving the noti:ce, if telephonic or personal, or, 

if the notice was writt en , by personal int~rview. These .interviews 

should not be before the whole Board. · Th_e .legal member or other member 

or represent a tive of the Board should contact the 3mployer, informally, 

for the purpose of clearing up any misunderstanding in the Employer's 

mind as to the application of t he Fresident 1q A5reernent to him. 

(2) If th~ volume of case~ before the Board is so great that 

the members of the 3oard are no't able to conduct these personal interviews themselves or ''h ere· it is· impossible for it to handle all cases 

wi th necessar ? dispAtch, it !TtE:Y be necessary for t he Board to expand. 

l/,uch of the volume of work on comp l a ints can be handled by appointing 

representatives of the Eoard to contact the Employer be fore the hearing 

in an effort to induce volunt c: r y co:nplia.nce by exp lanation and conciliation. These represent a tives should be appointed by a majority of the 

::3oard and op.era te :under . the o irec t ion of the lega l member. The~r should 

be selected for their tact and knowledge of the P~A. Persons with some 

legal training should be considered for such appointments. I~ no case 

may these representatives be used a s investigating agents. Their function 

should be to help the Emplo;yer, to undersbmd his obligations, not to · 

cross-question nor intimidate him. 

I f the numb er of cases which have to be heard by the 

Board, sit t i r;g as a si r_<:~de body, becomes too great, the Board may appoint 

seven more .rnsmbers, representing the s c.me intere sts and filling the same 

requirements as me~be rs of the original Board . In great cities it may 

be necessan,r to ap·, oint several of these boards. They should operate as 

deRartments of the original 3oard And should be responsible to it so 

that there is uniformity .of treatment. 

In any case where the Board is expanded b:r the appointment of additional members (as distin~ished from representatives) such 

appointments should be reported to NRA in WAshington for confirmation or 

9819 
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modification. A duplic a te of t~~~ .. :- r~pptt sh?:o-ld be_· mail~d t .o 'the Secretary of the District Recovery Board at the District Office. 

. · .. ' I 

( 3)- The Board _ member or representati-ve. ·should mnke every 

effort to induce compliance by conci.liat-ion and explanation. The Employ-er 

should be furnished with copie-s of- the-se regulations ··ana .other official · 

explanatory releases of NRA ·on tl;le F.residen.t 1.s Agreement. · If it' apnears 

that the reason .for noncompliance · i.s unavoidable· hardship·, the Einplo?er' s 

Remedy of Exceptio-ns under paragraph ( 14·) · of the President! s Agreement 

should be explained to him • . 

(4) If an understanding cannot be reached by this method, the 

Employer should be given an op ortunity to state his case before the 

entire Board. · · , . i 

( 5) If an Employer claims that he has a sta,r of certain proVlslons because of the fflct that he has had a peti tion..' .appro--iad by' a trade 

association, chamber of commerce, or other organization, the Board should 

check this birr corttacting·c the ,· organization>· ·If· the ·organi·zation still has 

the petition it.·shduld · be· ..turned -over to -.' the Board. The -Board will . then 

consider it as an original :peti t'i6n; .. -!n some ·: cases the organization may 

have gi veri ·the Emplo:rer ttY -Uri.der stand -tha.t the petit ion had been finally 

approved .. · Thers has :n'eve:f - been any auth6ri ty: from NRA for such final 

approval. · However.-,:: if -it- -¥hould ·be a seri6u s '\inj-ustice to the Employer to 

reverse this unauthdl~ited_ >· a.pprova]) rinich weight should be giv n to this 

fact. If the peti ti-bn -has · al~ead~r bee~ fO:r warded to · N:rt.A in ! lshington 

this fact should be im"'llediatel:l communicated to the Compliance Board 

Section,· Blue Eagel :'DivisiO:ri, 1-SRA,' ·:Wn shirigt·o·n ·, ·n. d. Pending a report 

from Washington the · pet'ft:l6'ner may continue· 'to · operate under the provisional stay. · '-: · : · · ·' · · · 

(d) Not:ice of Oppor-tur{it;'l,r to ·App-ear-- :Sefore the __ Board. 

Not i -ce·. of oppor.tun_i:ty t ·o appe.ar ·be·fore t·he Board and state his 

case shall be mai-led to· the Empl0yer in a franked envelo-pe. In no event 

shall this . not ice . mad.e-·-.p:U.bli-c unless ·the· ·Employer chooses to do so 

himself. A copy -of. th~ se~ reg;ula-tiQn:s .and other .:;'aterial mentioned in 

paragraph 4 _(c) . sh,ouldJ . he· at-tached --to thi.s notice, if the employer has 

not alr-eady peen _fu_rnt shep: :sw:::h material. · ~ 

·' 1 

(e) Hearing. 

(,l) .--The employer.- may-· n6t be forc:ed to an:r ear be-fore the Board. 

~p(i;l· Board should keep. in -mind at alltfimes thR.t . he is there voluntarily and 

should govern its att-itude --towa rd him aocordini§ly. The proceeding must · 

not t Rke ·on the·· character~ of. ·li tigatio·n ·or of inquisition. 

{ 2) · Although t n e Employer may be represen-ted by counsel, if he 

so desires, there is no necessit? fo-r thi·s. --The pio~ er may not be 

forced to answer questions. In fact, it should' not be found necessary 

to ask any questions: exc-ept -· as an· aid to the ·Employer ··in making his 

voluntary statement. · No question-s' sh~:mld: ·be a-sked except tho e strictly 

9819 
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. . 

. necessr.r.r to det .rmine wheth .r or not the Em lo:re r is com l,ving. This 

he£ ri g should no t t c1ken nclvn. tnf-e of an opportunity to ry into 

a man's business . The Board has no power to co~ e l the Rtt endnnce or 

.xAmina tion of ~i tn ess~ s. or t o com e l a submission of bo oko or other 

pApers to the Bonrd. If the Emplo? r tnkes the position of ' stAnding 

on his. co stitutional rights ' or ' refusing to answer questions because 

they might tend to incrimi n<~ te him, 1 it should be expl a ined to him by 

the legal member that the Fr siden t's Reemployment Agr eement is not a 

st atut e to be enforc ed b;.r l aw but a volunt ary individual covennnt . 

It shou ld be a saumed that if the Employer is ac ting within 

the spiri t of t he Agr eement , he will be ready and willing to come forward with a fr ank st1:1te!!1en t of his ):'Osition in order to clear up any 

mi sunderstAndi ng . Eo•Never, it should be explained furt he r , tha t a 

refusal to answer a que stion will be. considered contrary to the spirit 

of the Agreement if the answer to the question would determine wh eth~r 

or not t he Emp loyer W::1 S complying. Such a refusal should be noted by 

the Boa rd in making its r eport to ~. 

(f) Decision bv the Bo ~d of Action to be TRken. 

( l) All t he decisions of t he Boarcl should be arrived at by 

majori t .r vote. All members of· the Board should be g iven an opportunity 

to approve or disapprove all decisions Cwhether on complaints, exceptions, 

or union contr.q cts) . All r eports should bear the si~nature of a ll members, who should i nd ic a te thereon t heir approva l or disapproval. 

(2) The facts, as faun~, may var y from the facts as stated 

in the original complaint. If this is 'tne case and there nas been no 

decision by NRA on the same f a cts, a ru l ing snou ld be obtained through 

the Se cretary of the District ~eco~ery Board at the District Office. 

On this ruling the Board should base its decision. 

(3) If t he Board decides t ha t the Employer has been complying 

with the Agreement, the· case should be dropped, and the Employer should 

be furnished wi th a Lett e-r of Compliance, which he may display near his 

N:t.A insignia. 

(4) If t he Board decides tha t the Employer has not been complying with the Fres{dent's Agreement, the Employer should be notified 

of the facts which the Board has decided constitutes noncompliance. He 

should then be given an opportu..'1ity to state that he will rectify the 

conditions which constituted no ncompli8nce in his cas e immediately, and 

that he will report to the· Boar,d wnen he has complied. If after such a 

report the Board is tisfi~d t hat the Emp lo yer is complying, he should 

be given a Letter of Compliance. 

If the E!Tlplo:,rer refus e s to comp l y after being given an 

op ortun~ t y to rectif~r t he conditions vvhich constituted noncomp liance 

in his case he shou ld be tol d that the Board is f orced to report the 

facts of hi~ case to NRA ~nd to recommend that the proper Federal authority be directed to remove his Blue Eagle. 

9819. 
-:-.66-

If after em Employ~r LfR.s :received . a Let ~er .of Comp liance, 

a second· compl a int is filed on the. :;>a.rrie 'g_roun.ds p:f noncompliar.ce as the 

.. first:; . ~nd · the Board, after a hear:i."ng_ fii:Id s that· the Employer hRs been 

.. wi.l.lf:ul:(y not complying t he ;Board sh ould send. its .r.ecommendation to re-

: move .·the Blue. ERgle to N'RA. without giving the Employer another chance to '"' . ' '. comply an~ report. 

. . . (5) . Wne ·Einployer should ·be given · the ·opportunity to submit 

a 'wr.i t ten · sta.tement of his' posit ion to ·the :Board, if he so desires. This 

s.tatement IIIU.st accompany the Bqard 1 s report to NRA. ' . ' . :. . ' . . 

{6) If a bqna fide complai.nt has been filed and the Employer 

notified of this fRet, but the Employer refuses to see the Board member 

or.· repres~ri. tati~e, or to make a statement ·to the Board, the Board should 

repor't these f~cts to NR.A. with the recommendation of the Board. ~ o ' I ' ., ' ' • ' 

.·. ·(g) Reports, Recornrilendations, and Records. 

(1) All reports for information and all reports and recommendations with regard · to· complain·ts, should be · mailed to the Secretary of 

the District Recovery Board at the District Office. ' , . : ' ' ' I ', ' : ' l ' 0 

~ j ' I • , 0 ; , • 

(2) Th$ report should include: the or1ginal complaint; a 

signed c.ertiricate by the legal ,member 1 or other appropriate authorized 

represen.tat'i ve . that, .r).Otice of complaint was given the employer, the employ€n~ · had his' obligations explained to him and was supplied with these 

regulations ·and other e.xplanatory material, the employer was given a 

nottce of opportunity t .o be heard; a summary of the Employ er 1 s statement 

to the Board, .if he made one; which .should be signed by the legal member 

of ·the Board, and by. the Employer·, if he is willing; if the employer declined to make all}~ . statement or refus.ed .to sign any statement made such 

facts should be noted; and any additional facts which the Board consider~ 

· to be the point •. 

. · ( 3) The Board should include a recommendation of the action '•• . . . 

to be taken in each case in which a majority has decided that there has 

been noncompliance. It should be signed b y all member's of the Board 

voting in .the .majority. 

In addition to the majority recommendation, the dissentJng minority should submi. t a signed recommendation, together with a 

statement of the rep.sons for .their dissent. 

(4) In addition to the reports submitted in each individual 

case of noncompliance, Progress Reports •ill be requested from time to 

time by the Secretary of the District Recovery Board. For this reason 

the. Board should keep a record of all complaints, and the disposi t ion 

of each. 

In all cases where a hearing has been had, and a decision of 

comp liance made, a record should be kept of the Employer's statement, 

and the reasons why a finding of compliance was made, 

9819 
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II nll cr~se where findin :r of noncompli;nce was made, but 

th Emplo;·er a reed to omply i m..,eC.ia t e 1, · , n r .cord should be ke t, so 

thr~t if the Em lo;·cr doe s not com l;)r, o f nils to comply in t he future, 

hi pr vious r ecorL will be avnilnblc . 

(h) Files. 

The files of the :So rd on comp l aints shoul d not be open to 

the publi c . 

8. DURATION 

Althoush the ori, in l term of apppintment of memb ers of Local 

Compliance Boards we r e f or a peri od of 45 days , they were ~equ es ted to 

continue until further notice. 

_ ccord ing to Executive Order rF? 433-A, cr~r~t ing: the Nat iona;L 

Emergency Council, ~n d as amended by Executive Order ff6512, dated . 

December 16,- 1933, a ll NRA volunteer field agencies. vve re to be aboi:lsh~d, 

effective January 16, 1934 ·. Because 'it was· de sirable and · nece.-ssary to 

defer the abolition. of such 'voll.mteer agencies at thf1t t'ime, The President 

on January 16' •1934 ordere d that the effective date for abolition of . 

volunteer field agencies be, deferred, and that they . should continue to 

function until they are abolished by the -Executive Director, N.E.C. 

(Executive Order if6561). 

Upon authorization by t.he Execut i ve_Director, NEC, ( *) General 

Johnson, on June 15, 1934 , _abolished the Local ' NRA Compli ance Boards, 

and their functions and duties were erforme~ by State ~A Compliance 

Directors. 

C. STATE N"'RA . CO!I::F1IANCE DI:tEC TOR. 

On J nnuary 12, 1934 the National Emergency Council, cr e ated 

on ove~ber 17, 1933 (Executive Order ff6433-A) to coordinate the functions 

of the various emergency agencies, announced the names of the State 

Directors responsible for 1RA Code C01np li ance within their respective 

States. An office was established, under the supervision of the NEC 

State Director .. in each St_11 te, whi ch pe rformed along State lines, the 

s ame functions as we re performed by District Co mp li nce Directors 

(formerly managers, District -Offices, Depa rtment of Commerce) appointed 

pS such by General Johnson on October 19, 1933. 

Th& wo rk of State Directors of t he NEC also later called· 

St ate NRA Compliance Directors inclt ... ded liaison w·ork with the Local NRA 

Compliance Boards in e ach St a te. The District Co ~p li nce Directors 

we re appointed Executive Assist ants t o t he St a te Directors and in some 

c~ses they were later appointed State NRA Comp li ance Directors. 

With t he abolishment of Loc p, l IJ'?..A Compliance Boards on June 

15, 1934 the State NRA Comp linnce Directors were made responsible for 

(* ) Information received from General Council to the Executive Director, NEC. 

9819 
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the Administr~ti~n of the P~. Compla ints arising under the PRA were 

· h r-mdled in the s nme manner as those aris_ing under approved codes. Feti tlOns for exceptions from PRA pr0visions were in most cases submitted 

first to the proper Local Adjustment Board for their recommendations, 

8 lthough this WAS not necessary, however, the excepted provisions did 

no:t become effective until the Local Adjustment Board's recommendations 

vvere approved· by the State Director. As ·· in the case of Local Compliance 

Boards, final decision on all petitions for exception from PRA provision~ 

rested with NRA in Washington, and all such petitions were to be submitted 

to Washington with the recommendations of the Local Adjustment Board if 

any and the State Director. 

In some cases F~ cases were heard by the State or Local Adjustment 

Boards or both before being referred to Washington for final action, although -this procedure wa9 n<:>.t required. 

Violators 'of the FRA were subject only to the p~nalty of removal 

of the Blue Eagle _by the National Com~liance Board and its successors 

the ·Advisory Counci:l, Compliance .Divisio.n, NR.A; the Qomplianee Council, 

NRA and later the Regional Councils. State Directors were never authorized to remove Blue Eagles for PRA violations, nor were they authorized 

to refer PRA cases · to u . . S. District Attorneys for prosecution. 

D. P~GIONAL ADMINISTR~TION 

1. ORIGIN. 

In a memorandum dated December 8, 1934, Mr. Sol A. Rosenblatt, Director of Compliance and Enforcement authorized the Chief of the 

Compliance Division (Mr, L. J. Martin), in order to increase the effectiveness of Compliance Adminiscratio:.1 and Enforcement, to· take all steps 

necessary to establish and administer a system of Regional Administration 

along certain lines, subject to Mr. Rosenblatt's general supervision and 

direction. This proved to be necessary as the two Compliance Councils 

were unable to handle the large .volume of PRA and code cases that had 

accumulated. 

2. REGIONS 

By January 1, 1935 or shortly thereafter, the Chief of 

the Compliance Division pursuant to authority vested in him by the Director of Complianc.e and Enforcement, divided the United States into 9 

regions as follows, each Region headed by a Regional Director appointed 

by Mr .. Rosenblatt, but subject to direct supervision of the Chief of 

the Compliance Division. 

9819 
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Region Regional Director ·; States 

ffl Merton L. Emerson Mass . , 1': , , N .• H . , R . L , V t . , Conn . , 

Bo to n, Moss. 

rf=2 Anna Rosenberg, New York, N.Y. Nevt York and New Jersey 

tr3 G. R. Parker, Wnshington, .D.C. Del., p.c., d. , Pa., N.C., Va . 

. . 

ff4 W. L. W~ tchell, Atlanta, Ga . Ala., Fla., _. Ga., Miss ., .Tenn., La., 

s. c. 

' Benedict Cro we ll, .Cl eve land, 0. Ky., Mich., Ohio., W.Va. . . . . I . 

C. F. Huniely, Chicago_, Ill. 

A. F. Cook,_ omaha, Neb. 

Ernest L .· Tutt·, · Da.l J.'as ,; Tex: 

Donald Renshaw, San Francisco, 

Cnlif. 

Ili., Ind~, Mo., Wise. 

Colo., 'I A_ ., Neb., N.D., S.D., Mi nn., 

Wyo., Kan. . . 

Ark•; N.M.' ,. ·. Okla., Tex. 

Calif·., Ari z., Ida., !\font., Nev., 

0 r eg . , Wash . , Utah . 

3. FUNCTIONS AliD POWERS OF REGIONAL DIRECTORS 

The functions and powers of the Regional Directors were: 

(a) To direct the activities of NRA with regard to compliance 

administration and to cooperate with the Litigation Division in its 

activities. 

(b) To dir ec t the activities of t he State NRA Compliance 

Directors in their ~eg ion with authority (in addition to the other powers 

herein conferred) to exercise any of the po we rs that have heretofore been 

conferred upon State Directors. 

(c) To withdraw and restore the right to display the Blue Eagle, 

after consideration of the recom~n endations of their Regional Compliance 

Council. 

(d) To r efer cases of noncompliance through the member of the 

Litiga tion Division assigned to their office to the proper United States 

Attorney, with the request that civil or criminal proceedings, or both, 

be instituted pursuant to Section 3(c) and 3(f) of the NIRA. This did 

not deprive State Directors of the authority heretofore conferred upon 

them in this regard . (Note: This did not appl~' to the PRA.) 

4. REGIOlJAL cmt.FLI.AJ'ii CE COU:TCILS. 

' .;_ T'\- co.: "''1~1 Comr,l iance G:ounci 1 was established in each of the 

nine regions to hear nct~ co . . li ~ h'--· .-. ., cP.s of alleged. VlO lnt lons of Approved 

codes and the PRA. ~egional Counc ils we re br ganized a long the same line 

as the Compliance Council, NRA, each co,mcil con:.,1sted of a l::~bcr representative, a representative of industry and an ~rti~l cnairman. 

9819 
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Subsequent to the establishment of ~egional Councils, the State CompliRnce Directors referred all cases alleging violations of the PP~ which 

they were unable to adjust, to the proper R.egional Director and Regional 

.Council .fo"r f1na:l .disposition. 

Although ··the .Regional' Direct0r upori ·~ tecommentlation · of the ~egional 

Compliance Council had authority to withdraw and restore the right t o 

display · the · Blue· Eagle :,: · neither the · Regional ;Director nor· the · Regional 

Compliance Council except Region ff3 were authorized to interpret the 

. PRA or consider ex~eptions .t'J the Agreement authorized under Paragraph 

13. Such matters were referred, for final disposit-ion , to the Compliance 

Division, NRA and the 'mernbets of ' the Compliance Council, R~ion t 3 in 

Washington. This was necessary to maintain uniformity of policy. All 

PRA cases which had been previously handled by the Compliance ·council, 

NRA in Wnshington were referred to :legion 'if3 Comp liance Council; the 

successor to the Comp liance Counci~ , NRAi for final di sposition or 

restore1tion of the Blue Eagle .in cA.ses wt.ere the respondent had been 

ordered to surrender the insignia. 

~ 1 ' : ' ' ..: • 

1

• ' ! ·. '_ I '" ,; • --:·:-· . 

' ' : ~: j:'". • • • 

: ..... , . 

·. :· •, .; .-. .. , , . ; 

' ' . i- • l .• 

. . ; 

, ...... 

• ' I ' ~ • 

9819 
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CHAPTER V 

SUL~ S AND ACCOMPLISIIM-..!,!TS 

I. SIGNATORIES TO TH~ PRA 

According t o t he final r e ort (·.v eek endinp: Aoril 28 , 1934) 

received from ~ Fi eld Office s 2 , 317 , 838 A~r ee nts wer e signed, 

affecting 14,762,029 emnloyee s . According to Gene ral J ohnson , 

96~ of Com~e rce and Industry were brought voluntary under the NIRA 

by the PRA. This does n0t nece ssarily meon that 2 ,317, 838 emnloyers 

signed the Agreement as in some instance . ~:. 0 PBA was signed by 

Branch Manage rs for their r esuect i ve branche s . From the same 

source it was r e orted tnat 2 , 261 ,7 66 Certificates of Comnliance 

with the PRA were si gned . Subsequent t o An ril 28 , 1934, ther e we r e 

very few if any additiona l si natori~s to the PRA • 

. II. EMPLOYMTIJT AND PAYROLLS 

· A census of all eMOl oyers ta~ n by the Stat isti cs Se ction of 

the Resea r ch and Planning Division, NRA, durin~ the latter uart of 

1933, r eveal ed that emnloyrnent in the United States had increased 

from 10 , 868 , 004 in June , 1933, to 1 2,564,344 in October. 1933, or 

15, 6% ; while wee~ly nayrolls had increased from ~238, 458 411 00 

in June, 1933 to $282,613, 470.00 in October, or an incr e ase of 

18.5% during the same period the weekly income per wor~er incr eased 

from $21 .9~ t o $22 . 49 (*) . I t will be noted that t he data has been 

tabulated by States. The Statistics Scction, :NRA, is now engaged 

in making further checks on the above data and tabulating the data 

by industries, and it is plannod to incorporate complete dat a 

broken down by States and Industri e s in the final r eport. 

In . the 11 NRA-PRA Census 11 mentioned above , an attemnt was made 

to obtain r eno r ts froP'l a l l emoJ.oyers, some 2, 500,000 card auestionnaires were mail ed, anu roximat ely 900, 000 or 361 were r eturned. 

III. COMPLIANCE 

The Fi eld Section, ~' r eports t hat aunroximately 600 cases 

on non-comnl iance wi tL the PRA were doc1<::eted in NRA. A total of 

184 emnloyers o~eratine under the PRA were ordered t o surrender 

their Blue Eagle insignia . ., Unon apulication by empl oyers who were 

order ed to surrend~r the Blue Eagle and after the comnlaints of 

non-comoliance with the PRA had been satisfa.ctor ily adjusted, 

NRA r estor ed the ri ght to disulay the insignia to 32 emnloyer s. 

(* ) The results of the above 11 NRA-PRA Cens,ls 11 have been incornorated 

in npRA Census-Tabulation by States, ~~ loym nt and Payrolls --

June , October, 1933 , 11 on -oage 224 . 

9819 
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I. POLI CE -s PJJj) iJ TEl:TI' i:: J:l C~ S 

. . , .. ! ·' 1 J 

. ·. As ·;1reviousl y Dent ione c t h e Ac3jJ inistr<· .. ti n'tit "1·-ra s .. :: .brceC. · t o C!_o 

$O~: h ~ng nn :=Cl. r to ave rt a n e'·' c ollapse ;:in· .~'; ·r; Diic_: Ini.-JJ .. s-

... -, ·t :i.'3' .c!.v-r ii!.g the -s·u.mne r of 1933. The Presi dent·''.§ ?..e ei: :l ~'li'l ent Pro ::; :c a:~ 

.: :o.nc. the PRA ,--e i·e l aunch e d. one n on t h a ft ei". t ile ov l ~ t h e ::r::.A, 

.. · ., '· 

.. ·i)ef Ol"e C-Jl1p l e tine h .:-td oeen t£ford.eC:. t 0.: ·b.e t era ine i n C:etG'.i l ~)ro:oe i..' 

ici es . It sh oul d. a lso ·o e · oint c: _ out i n thi s connect i on t h.:tt ... s 

~1 e 4 dninistra tion ·n c:td no cri e:t 0~1.to f a l lon , -·t h-e P?.A -re,s ::.8.:;

ily an e xpe riTJent, Fhich · :;_·esul t ecl in· many confliL t s, ·r ev i si o:1s ·..:._c:_ 

arnb i gui 7 in p olici e s a..YJ.e_ int ~J :- et ti ns . I t n a!=! ~) .J si ca l l ,- i .ljJO ssi ble f or t h e PRA olic · c- . a s a _~.ic ·t o 2.ct- on c.l l L ·ter-_J:;.·et a t i ons requi':eCl. t o en sue r the t llou sa.n0_ s of que ::; t i on s tha t G'.r o se i :-1-

r.iecU a t e l y o.f t e r the launching of the ·c anpai gn ; t lle:i."efore , n an3' -· e:o:-e 

:mc.1.de by ·t he Council to the 3o ::'.i.."G_ ·2nd_ oy the Ch i ~· ruJ.o_ s a:.. f ·of t h e 

In t e :;_·p reta t ion Sect i on, 3 h,_e Ec.'.[;le TI{vi si cm·, j:}J\.; 

<RJ . _~· ··:· · ·;, ·. , . .. \ . '· 

' . ' .. Even though PE:;"j:'ngr a1Jh : # l :...i: ' P?u\ _:;Yro·ifi c1ed £' Qj_· ·· re li e~ in '¢2.-se r-; 

·: oi : L1di vidu.ril g r eat ·an d \.m .·woidab le ha:L~cis , D B.J.'13i-' E?rrr~:l lo re rs at :.:' irst 

h: it e~. t o- s'i:3n t h e :..:v~ re en erit, b ecau s.e ·o:: f e2.r · th,·.t t h ey coulc_ 

n o·t conip l y ,: or :becau s e the:- 0_i <1 .nO't 1-u1 cle st o~ Cl. just ~· t nns e:~

:;1·ect e c ·of · them<tegarc-:. i nc ,_..,.,::,...z en cii ~~ iir ." TJ:. i s ;Jroolen ·1as sol ve-d. 

thro-ugh :educ n~ 

C . ... :J'E..L\3.· 'TH:.J..T · TIIE ·p:£tESIJJC1-:-r_r ; ;I CHT .. J:;~1 I S:;J; Tr~::J PO'.:EJ. :Q:::; LE T~~ 

illTDER SEC:I: IQll 10 (b) H?LA 

:Ca rly :te ort r e ceive d. b;',r ~-.- :a;l.. 1i .:-~ d thc,t n1any employ ers 

wer o he sita tin.g t o sie n the PRA oec ause of fe 8.r tha t , under Sec·t i :1 

10 (0 ), HI &\., the President mi ght e::::e r c i s e h i s 11one r t o ccncel Oi.." 

Cl if · ru1y o:rc3_e r, approval l i cen s·e , :..-ul e O:i.' :;_~ c;c;ul on i ssuec o..:1d 

1e y chan:::;;e the t e :L'ms of the -~~; emen . 

s a id': 

In an s'.:e r to this ]Jrool eu , G-en e r £'.1 Jolmson, on Au0"Ust 3 , 190.-- , 

11 In the f irst p L -=..ce I qu esti on t h e vnlid.i t y of thi s inte rp r e t a tion of t he N. I. R\ A. The ::ti:?,·ht to c 2n c e l or 

nod.ify h is orm a cti on s not i 1) l ;y· any ;rant of ~~ ne r to the Pre s·ident· t o ch nnge the obligc..tion ·ent·e:I-ed into 

b;y a ) erson '.rho h a s pi gn e d. an 8-G:i.·e·i:men t · ·. ,-.·i t l1· the .... resi 0.en t. Ce r t a i nl ;r i t i s unth i nkabl e - th·a t t h e Pres i dent 

" aul d. asl:: em lo re s to t_~n rgr e en en t s :re se rvinc.. to 

LiY':lsel f the ) O'-e r t o :;_ ':"' I' i t e the s.,r;reenen t <tnd t hen 

llolO. the oth e r p a.r t :• bou nd. b3r <..m ~~ on he n eve r 

a s sumed. Indee d it i s su rpri si n::; to think t h c..t aJ1~r one 

931 3 
s:.ou:i. o. i uu t r-nvr su rh int· .... n tion to the c ... i c. en t 11 • 

:U . :::':\.I ~U]iE 0:' SUlSI'ITUT_I OHS T9_ ·~....., P:i.A 1'0 JE:- Ii-E 1 ~'·-:~:;:: :srr:p x ·:u 

=..PLOY:::,is 

K ·ce·l)t i n ;_:. fe•r in s~,' n ... es the Su.brtitutio·1s t o the PRA aYJ1J:i.''Wec' 

::o :· .~..ious trc::- es < nli L1c.u st ries .. D.i!. e d to t'efi.:!.c t h e mb rs~1i 1 

o · o.n .i. c~urt .~.,: :>..l1,:;_ t o cl "'- L:~~ :.ur.1 To u~ crwJloy<'e: s . , .'Jl exc e llent 

;: e o f t h i s oo , ·-rill · c :f oun c.' ·in t ho cu re nJ.~ the ov:i.~ e.:­

P2.cl': L1 ': C0 !.1) "'.1 , i:1.vol v in ; ': h e ir "' ~"<.:t ht :t h ou se ne o..r Pho en i:: , 

_'_:th:;on ·' • . Ac.j r- c e::t t o its ::. au .~. i1ou.s e , t he c.•Y1ellant maint ained. 

c one en tre..t i on corra J e i n t0 · •h ich c r.t.tl e f o:t sl au r:;h ter · '8:i.'e con c e 1-

trr-ted c fte r he~ · had , een f r-.t t ened. a,:;. ci. concH ti on o0.. L1 8.0..6.i ti o:1 

t o t:':'J. c co ncentr at i or.. cor:..·c l s , the C.}1 ;cllont ~ :i. f'. ci f eed l ots rrhe re 

cattle a:i.'l' i vin ; f r o::, t 1. r anches ,-re :cC? .:e·.Jt :" :to··1 U1r Pe t o six mon th3 , 

11ntil the ···e:i.· e in 11:-..·o·oe r c .u c.i t i on f o 1· sl au .' :h t e :..·in •• Thr e e o:Z - - ,L: - ... 

t i.1ec::e f ee c'. l ots ·c; e lo cc-.t c;d. L·o·: f i v e to 70 ;·1iles fran t h e sl a.u "hte:i.' 

house , t h e Ou t~ ~s .dj; c an t . 

The ch.:ti e s o f ~1e ecdi.~ g lot :n lo ees cons i st e d s ol e l y i n 

f e e d i ne; c-.nc.". c 2.:cing i or ~1e c <.:. t t le , n on e -oe r:fo rrJe <2. dut i e s in the 

sl EtL'.0 hte r h ouse , }Jacking ru1 t o:..· in conc ti n orl~ . The 

.~ ~J ll rnt co:1ten o.eC. tlw.t r u.ch er,lp l oyee s sh0u ld be cl a ssifi ed ::'..3 

c.sricu l t ura l emjJloy ees , e..r..C. thur efore no t subj e ct to the -or ovis i ons 

of the PRA. 

On r 23 , 1934 , t he Com!Jlianc e· Council , ~7..A voted unanino·L'.sl y 

t hat er:p loyee.s in :'eecl l o'ts a dj a c ent to p.s. .: ii.1 g ) lants b e cla ssi f i ed_ 

c::.s ina:o.st :tial empl oy e e s , an ~. t:i.1c:d 2.s · such , the P:ct..A. wage and hou r 

p 1·o v i sions '."!Oul cl appl •r. su·us e qu e n tl;f the To v r ea Pacl::: i n.:; Cor.1p any 

a;_J:1ea 2. eci to t he :i.-3.A InC:.u s tri2.l .b-::.rpeal s :Joc:::cC. , the 2.bo ve d e c is i 0!1 of 

the Co;1pl iE:.J.'1Ce Cm.J.n.cil :T.R.A. 0.n d its sub sequ ent u o d i .fi cati on of Fobl'U<:.ry 1 8 , 1935 , ma::in::; i t r etroa ctive to July 23 , 1 934. 8n Ap :ci l 

1 2 , 193 5 , the ?.A In C.ust ~i al A)pec.l s ,. ::. G. :·e cor1 :en cleC. ttat the 

:ul::_ ng of t h e Cot1:Jli a.l1Ce Co·i..'.Ecil · :h ich cJ.assi f i ed t h e AplJellan t 1 s 

;;rork ers in i t s ~o ncentr ti n :.:1c. :feeo.::.n:; lots in .Ph o eni::-: , .Ari zona , 

a s i n C:.ustrial or rs b e r ocl.if ivc. s.o u.s to as sify the ':'orl:::e r s i n 

the f e e clinc lot a s a g r i cn l t ural em lo ;y- c8 s an d , the ::i:efo re , rel i eve 

t h e app ellant oi tl::e obliga tion to \...O n-01;"' ·.·ith tl1e provisions of 

t he p- ·~ i n r egar d.. t o its e!J:, lo s -~ ~1 s I eec.i nc; l o t . 3 e fo :.· e fi:1a l 

e .. cti on ,.,.as t eJ;:m1 011 t he :i.'eco r.~e e.. t ion of the I~d:u st l ~! 1e l s 

r rei t11 SU}J r e:·1e ·~ rt ec, its c.e cisi c n Ol'l l:?..A [' ~c. ~10 f u r the r 

2 ct io:1 ;;-::::-. c: tE\}::en on this c ase . 

s 7i Ous : p oint ed. O'l t ' tne lc cov r_:r 3 o a :c0_s ( Sto.t e an c_ Dist ri c t) c:md. t he Loco.l Co·y')lio.nce J or:c l' cL s :0e ec.~. on a volunt 0.r;;r b c.r-i s , 

gen e r &.lly speal;:in,; no Feo.sr::.l or loc--:. r un.:l_s ,..rere m;:.d..e a vD.ilabl e f or 

r eir:bursing t~e 1:1er e:~s cn C. ~u:: pe:.-.. ; :::'le:'_ ')_ t }:e ir off ices. Al hou.~;h 

. t h . t ' - l ... . -, • , . , l bl . - . t . 121 • e :na1n , n e LO Ct?, .... :..,o . 1? . .:tlC3 . 'o c.s c..1 1 . a r enai"::a e J Oo , 1 1 s 

r aasonabl e t o sup ·Jose th t ~.Je t:.e r ;:-e ,.;·c.lt.· -· c~. ho:-,ve been a cc or.:m:!. ished 

i f p rovi siOl18 had be en n e.c'.a o'- t ;l e ~'· o ·:c :.:n: ~er t t o Gn l 2.r ge thei:i: s C~. s 

<:>.n cl at l east r e i m1Ju r .::. e t he i ::: e1::·;:; lo;r e er: . L1 -. one c a s es t he :pe r sonne l 

o f t he Loca l Conpli .suce · o ,· ·.:(.;; :i.~ e not :i.~o y:; :,:- :·· sel ect e e. and 3 i ven 

9 819 
. ., 

..., . 

- 74--

DL?FICULTY .Al~D I' ILu~ ~~ 5I:CLJ AG:=i.~C S TO :z. T.B..::JLIS!-i ALL:::::G-::J 

VIOLAT I ONS 

I n son e CC?.s es i t ' 7e.s prac·:~i cal ;y i D}JO ssible to establish £:",1-

~e 3ec. viol 2. tions b e cau se the ::~l) ainnnt s ref u sed to :pemi t the us e 

of the i r ne.mes throu r;h fec.r of losin: the ir j obs. :c~:ecutive Orc'.er 11 

rc c711 _ , ·. L['..~.~ o, ~ l 0;:;o~ n , aucno:~ "' lzln • ' _'; t 1" 1e ~J:_J 1 1c· ~·. t 1· 0n o:t .. :..ln " · Gs an.L~ -'~ / or 

Jr orunent IJY.' cl~ iQ.ec. ~ SectL·, n 10 (B.)' l-7 1J.d , to er: loyers suoject to a code n.ho c-;.ismiG Gec1. o::- c.eno t e ci.. a.v;.y e!n~J lo ye e :Zor :o :in.:; a 

coupl a:Ln t or e i vinJ; evidence 17i th res;Ject to ,.._lleGecl violati on 

c"..id. not aj~ :• to u~-:J lo ~o ee s :Je l~c:.. t ing -, er the ?? ..A. b_,' the :Tat io:!'lal 

Co· :pl i ance 3o a rcl £m6. its sucr::es:::.o rs and he~r equ :re ~. ~1e1t an~r 

. er:~J lo e C.i sniss e c. or c.e!JO t c-.' :,: ol~ :c1eDo rt ,;,n<-; c.l:e:;cc"t. violP.t ions :must 

b e =ce i nst c.t ed. befo :;_' e an~" c as e -·!oulc oc consi C1.ere <3. c-.dj·c,_st e<i. 

~r y case s · ·e:-ce refe:cTec .. t o '.7c: ~1inL;tcn f or "' Ction •:hich hc-.d 

not be en ~::J ror; erl r con icl :..~e ()_ b3r t:1e Locn.l Coopl i &J.Ce J3on.rd s as :csquiJ:."ed. in ERA 3ulletin :!/=5, <.mo. in mmerous i nstances the allet;ed. 

violatio:1s ;;-re:ce no t establislJ.eci. 

G. CEYT:ct.l',.LIZATI O!:J VS DEC LE~BAL IZA'l OF OF Eltl'OrtCEliEI~T 

Until the estc.blishLlent o: :rteg i on a l Acl::~ inistr ti n in J a:au a ry 

1935 , a ll YRA Fielci. Agencies, e.s fc.r a s t he Filii. n.,s.s conc e rned , 

ero.te C::. in 211. ·advisory ca:r>aci t ;,r onic;· . The:ce::.:'ore, all c ases of c:-.l le::-:, ec' 

PF.),_ case s e:~..~e require ci. to 'J e foru arded to t he Comp liance Divi sion, 

NRA, ::ic:-:.shing ton, fo r f ina l actio·n o.n cL renoveJ. of the L1si gnie. '·heneve l' narran t ed. This ~o olic;;r c:..·e a ted. considerable d.ela,v· a c t in :; 1 

the c as es and wJ.c3.oubtedly· ac~ considerable be s.ring on non-cor:rpliance. 

H. PUBLIC OPilT ION SOLE :BASIS 0:::- ~UFORC:si.i ENT 

ucnJr p eople f oe l tho.t Public o•nnion \."B.s r..ot slli:ficient to enforce the ,pfu;_ . The :;.~i t e r i s of' the opini on that 11 Public 0:9L1ion 11 

is sufficient :,JroviC.ed. t he lJ:i.' ~; :L·o.m is not tYLl:i.'dene C:. ::i t h con3Jlic<:tteC:., 

a.rnb iguous ,. multi tuctinous a l1c:. c·onflicting rulint'; S nnd interp r etati ons, 

Bn<i p:i.·ovid.ed adequB.te n c.chi.J.el7 i s se t U}1 to ed.t' .. C2.te, ad.L11 ini ster c..nd 

s et lJromp tly on allegec".. violC1.tions. 

S8J.9 
CHAPTER VII 

CONCLU I ONS AND FECOJ.li !ENDATIONS 

I • THE PRES I DENT 1 REEMPLOY MENT AGRE"!i'MENT 

It is doubtful whethe r any other nlan having the same objective s 

as t hose of t he PRA w uld huve been more effectiv • The Ag re ement undoubtedly shqrtcned the time r equir ed t o bring members of trades and 

industries under codes of fair competition by indirectly uersuading them 

to submit .codes for approva l. · It was i mportant in furthe ring the pol icy 

a dop t ed und er the .Act of preventing the employment of children. It 

increased employment through t he shortening nf ·hours and this· increase 

in emuloymen t was not effected in most instances at the exoense of 

wages. In fac t, the statistics ga ther ed on . the r esults of t he Agr eement 

indicate not only . tht4.t· t nt a l weekly nayro)ls we r e increased but tha t 

gene r a lly t her e wa s a~ increase in t he weekly ear~ ings of the wor ke r. 

Incidentally, t he foreg0ing t ended t o equalize c ompe titi on between 

int erstate and intras t a te commerc e and. a llayed t~le develonment of c ompetitive ineoualities be t ween codifi ed and uncodified indus tries by 

establishing a rul e or standRrd for labor conditi ons in a ll trade s a nd 

industries in all l <"ca lities a t t he same time. While t h i s standard 1]\Tas 

affected by the gr a nting of ·substitutions for ur ovisions of t he Agre ement, 

nevertheless, the r e w8s ·und oubtedly a n equalizing of conditions as to 

hours and ~ages gene rallJ. ' 

The Agreement also preuared enterDrises for codes, revealed some 

of the snecial pr oblems of tra de s and industries and helped, .. at leas t 

for a time, in ma in t a i.ning public oninion fav.orable to the Admin is trati on 1 s reempl oymen t d-rive . ·-In short, it more t han fulfilled the 

Administra ti on 1 s exnectations·; 

II. PROUiULGATIONS, POLICIES, ADMI1UST"RATION AND ENFORCEMEl~T 

Discounting the decla red Na ti onal emergency and need for immed iate 

action, exDerience ha s indicat ed tha t h~ste should be a voided in launching 

such a plan as the President's Reempl oyment Agre ement. Whe r ever possible 

the wording of such agr eemen ts should be s1m-r:>lified and the statements be 

specific rather than gene r a l a nd thus r educe t o a minimum the nec essity 

for making interureta ti ons and expl anati ons. 

Before launching the plan, uolicies s.hould be clea rly established 

and defined; ade qua te machinery should b a .set un to educa te those exTJected to ent er agr eement s as t o wha t is expected of them and to administer and secure cmnnliance with t he a,gr eemen ts. 

In the light of NRA expe ri ence the use of insign ia available for 

displa y ~y those who c oope rate seems effective in a iding in the attainment of objective s as long as nublic ouinion remai ns actively favorable, 

but it must be rec ogniz ed tha t the boycotting asnect of the use of 

insignia presents import~n t auestio~s of ~olic . 

The advisability of using volu..'1ta r ? orga niz2.ti ons for administration 

and for securing compliance is questionab l e beo use under such circumstances, the agencies a r e ap t to be unde rstaffed and full time ca nnot 

be devoted to the work, Any personnel engaged in such work should have 

adequate training, 

9819 
-76-

APPENDIX I 

FURTHER RESEA."RCE 

Due to limita tions of time in the 0evelo'Dment of this study it 

ha.s not been found -possible to give adequate attention to all asnects 

of a subject as broad in scone as was the President's eemolo yment 

.Agreement. There is · set forth be lew a list o.! subje.cts suggested 

for further research. ·while some of t her.1 have been dea lt with in 

this r'Emort to the extent that circurnstances ·nermi tted, · the treatment has not been as thorough as otherwise might have been nossible. 

~he l~s~ of subjects is a s follows: 

1 .• .. The development of the -plan for the Agreement. 

2. The origin and develo-pment o;f certain nolicies and inte·rnre ta ti ons. · 

3. The ef'fec t · of. the .Agreement uuon emoloymen t in indus tries 

4. 

whose individual members continued under it because c od es 

were not ap-proved f·or their indus tries. 

Deta ils of the administration of t he Agreement; -particularly 

in respect to problems arising under it . 

. 5. Compliance· with the Agreement c:ts. compared with compliance 

6. 

' wi~h codes, which would necess~tate a study of·- compliance 

in selected industries, the nrimary object being to de- · 

termine the ~ossibilities of maintaining labor standards 

by voluntary agreements. . .... 

Th~ . effects of the Agreement, ·especially on wag~ s and 

hours. As to th is, whi-le · only one chart was available for 

inclusion in this renort, tl1e reader's a ttention i's di~ 

rected to sta tistic01 comnilat~ons prena re d from information 

cbllected from ·more t han 500, 000 signers of the P. R.A. by 

the Statistics Section of t he Division of Review. 

METHODOLOGY 

This study wP s develoned by re.ference to ue rtinen t N. :?. .A. f iles 

and to the various orders, memoranda, press releases and : bulletins 

referred to in the text; a lso, whe re it seemed advisable, by consultation with various indi v~.duals closely associated with N ,:R.A. 

activities ln c6nnecti on wi ~h the P.R.A. 

- . -

9819 
August 7, 1933 

1'RA Legal Division 

-77-

APPENDIX A 

""A RA.lillUM ON PARAGRAPP 7 OF THE 

PRESID~NT 1 S REE.1PLOYM ~.NT AGRKE!.f8!. T 

Ma ny -p eoul e wo r ced nn dr afting this na.ragra-ch . I que stion whe ther 

they all intended the same thing by it. 

On any inte r ur etation t he ua a~rauh anuli es onl y to emuloyees 

above the minimum wage group, a nd ains to give them some prot e ction. 

Their "compensat i on" , however that is inter . r eted. is n0t to b e r educed, 

and the ir 11 nay" is to be increased, by an 11 equitabl e r eadj u stme nt 11 , whose 

pur~ose, on ~ll theori e s, is t o compensate in whole 0r part for a r eduction of h ours of wor'k,or ·to rnaintain .in wbole or part lon,g-standing wage 

differentials, or both . 

Three theo~ies of this uaragraph will be menti 0ned here. Each 

gives a diff ent mr-;ani"'l.~ to 11comnensa.tion 11 • 

1. On 'one. t~1eo ry, 11 Gompensat i onli means weekly earnings and not only 

must they be kept whe re they are (oven though hours ar e short ened)·, but 

t hey must b e incr eased by an " equitable r eadjustment" to preserve the 

differential between the bo ttom groun and t hos e above it. 

This wo r ks out as follows : a factor y errroloyee now works s eventy 

hours a week for. fo r ty c ents an hour, earning $28 .00 n er week. He is 

cut to thirty- five hou r so He must still ~e t $28 .00 p er week , nl us an 

"equitabl e r eadjust m"'lnt 11 t o Dr e serve his diffe r ential above the bottom 

group . As his hours ar e cut in half, h is pay per hour will be more than 

doubled. 

As a matter of lan e, th e are arguments t hat t his is what the 

paragraph means ; tte phrase "comn ensati on for emnloyment 11 apnears to 

have been us ed deliberately instead of 11 wage s 11 a nd if t his is not the 

meaning, what is the pur'9 os e of t he uars nthe t ical nhrase 11notwi thstanding t hat the hours worked in such emnloyment may b e hereby reduced 11 ? 

This construc t ion, however, has be en defi nitely r ejected . One 

r eason is the drastically increased labor cost pe r hour which it l eads 

to , as shown by the illustrPtion already glven ~ A~oth r r ea son is shown 

b y t ho foll 'Jwing llust~a ton; two men a r e wor ki ng in the same town at 

the same rate ner hour and at the same kind of wor 1-<: , but one man is working more hours per week than the ot her and hence is cei~ing mor e dollars per week than the other. Both of them are working more than the 

ma.Y-irnum number of hour s . Under this interpretation, on e would r eceive 

more dollars per week than the other', when they both wo r ked the maximum 

week of thirty-five hours. 

2 . ·on another theory , 11 compensati nn'' means t he general 1 vel of 

weekly earnings in thF. industry for the particular kind of work in question. This construction will permit the r educti0b of t he we ekly earnings 

9819 
-78-

of an employee ce~v1ng more than the gene ral level of weekl y earnings 

in the industry, but would nrevent an employer from de~ressing ,the level 

" .r .. . ,, · 1 I .· ·r .:. ~ :1. rc ~"r :"lt n f' the shor ter h ours. He would be obliged, 

by an equi ta.ble r eadjustment , to increase t ll e h ourly pay (in the case of 

-persons paid by the hour) so. as to preserve the general level and also 

so as to preserve wage differentials. 

This interpretation is more flexible than the first one considered 

here, but has been r e jected · on account of its· vagueness and the difficulty· 

there would be in ~pnlying it. 

3. The . third construction is the one -which Internretation numbers 

one and twenty att emnted to make plain.· On t h is construction, thg wo rd 

11 comp€msation11 means cents uer hour in the ' ce.se of those' naid by the hou r 

and ~eans doilars per day, we e l.c , month of year in the case of those naid 

by the day, week , month or year. In other words, ·the employer nro'Ilises 

not to re·duce the quoted basis of pay. 

. . 

Under this construc t iOI;l 1 persons naid by the hour earn less ner 

week when their hcurs are cut, ··and an equitable readjustment is to te 

made to comp ensate in _ some degr e e _for the loss of earnings and also in 

view of wage . differentials . An emnloyee naid by · t he day, week, · or month, 

on .the other hand, . would receive just as 'much for' the s:Corter day, we ek, 

or month, and ' the only occasion for an increase .by an equitable r eadjustment would be to nreserve 'a w~ e differ en ial~ . 

~he main difficulty mith this c onstructi on is the ' indefinit eness 

of ·the :Q.oti.on . of eauitable r eadjustment, esne'cially in the case of an 

em-ployee p aid by. the . hour. This construction rej e cts the view that an 

emnloyee naid 'b'y' the ~1 our must r ece ive a s much for the shorter week as 

he-formerly ot, but at t he same time, i t co niz s that h is hDurly p a y 

should be increased to some de ee on a ccount of the decrease of his · 

hours. J3ut to what _degr ee sh0uld the h0urly nay b e increased? What is 

the level of weekly . earnings that we are sLjoot ing a t? This is the nub 

of the difficulty._ · · · 

, It has been .suggested that a forty hour we ek sh ould be considered 

as normal, and. that therefore the le ... -ei we are s h ooting at is the level 

of weekly earnings which the emnloyee would have had if he had worked for 

forty hours a week at . his cld ' ra te. It wa·s f elt that this 'rule was a 

reasonabl e one, but that to lay it down f latiy·. in an In-terpretation wohld 

amount to a change in the President is Agr eement. It is therefore · hint.ed 

at, instead of being ex"Pre ssly stat ed~ in exampl e s 1 and 2 in Internreta-

.. tion' number one. In I nter-pr etat ion numb e r twe nty, the notion of 11 normal 

work week in the industry" anne a rs in ulace of the hint of f orty hours as 

a normal work we ek. 

There are some cas e s, however, in which it is not' fair to take the 

worker's p r ese nt h ourly r a t e as a fi gu r e to use in co~~uting what he 

would earn in a for t y hour we e k or a norma l work week . His wages may 

have be en r e c.e ntl'y i ncr cas ed , . or they may ~a e b e en atnormally high, or 

a forty-hour week .based on thePl mi ght u la.ce the emnloye r· ·at an ·unfair · 

competitive disadvantage. It V~Ta s indicated . in Intern'r etations number 1 

and 20 tha t the tt equitabl e readjustmenttt might u ron e rly take acc0unt of 

factors like this. 

9819 
-7 -

The ba ic diffi ulty in i er rPtinF ara rn h 7 i t is: we want 

a construe ion ha is r e ci e, so hnt a sin ~s mon ryill ~now ju t 

what he i to do . P~t :.e sa!"'le imc , we want some thin fleY.ibl e enough 

to be fair i he many ~ e cial cas e t hat e mill nevPr ~no ' a out ahead 

of ime . ~·e must cho 0 e be we en definit eness and fleY-ibili ty. I doubt 

whether the'r c c.::n be any cr sati fac ory .om remis e between them. 

The lat e t su~ c tion that has been made is that emDloyees aid by 

he hour should r eceive the rate of uay w~ich was n r evailine on July 15, 

1929, if hi her than their r e sent rate . It has been suggested that this 

should be l aid down as a rul e and also that it shnuld be stated by General Johnson as his notion of what an 11 eauitabl e adjustment 11 would be. 

W~e differ entials would thus be frozen to t he July 15, 1929 level, and 

e ui table adjustm nts to nrese·rve wa.r:?;E." differentials could n robably be 

omitted. T1is n r o osPl has he advantage nf definiteness. Its chi ef 

di advantage is its rigidity. There will also ~ cases in which ~ark 

of the kind in questi on did not e~is t in July 15, 1929. 

A draft i nternr ctation ala~~ these lines is att ached (See Page 121). 

It should be noted that t his internretation makes a sharp difference in the reatment cf those naid by the day or we ek and those naid by 

the hour and that this line of division is ·by no means always the same 

as the division between white collar workers and factory workers. This 

is true, also, of Interuretations 1 and 80, and is due partly to the way 

the PRA is drawn. 

Franklin S~ Pollak. 

SUGGESTSD I NTERPRETATI ON OF PAF~GRAPH 7 

Employee s doing work of 8 ctaract er ~rhich was -paid. by the employer 

by the day or week on June 15, 1933, shall be naid. the same amount per 

day or week as t hey are o·btaining nrm, even if t he ir nrcsent day or week 

is s ho rtened by the Agreement. 

Employee s doing work of a character which was naid by the emnloyer 

by the hour on June 15, 1933 shall be naid at the hourly rate which 

urevailed for such work in the same co~munity en July 15, 1929, or at the 

nross nt rat e , whichever is highe r. 

9819 
- 80-

APrEi~DIX B 

BLD_t; :GAGLE DIVISI O~~ ~ l"'RA 

I. ES~AB1 IS ~~D- AuGUST 10, 1933 

L: Offic e Order =/f2, dc-.tecl August 10 , 1933 , si t;;:ned b~r T.S. Hamr:1ond, 

Executive Director, P re si dent 1 s Rem~1 yme:1 t :i?rogrc:..m, Gei1er c:-.l Hc..rnmond 

am1o1,E1ceci.. t h.::.t or: and c:.f t e r ths.t dc:..te, t he c1esi t;nat i on of his office 

woul d be 11Blue ;Ec-.g},e Divi si o::, i:RA" .. OlJ. Augu st 23 , 1933·, Ge~e rc:..l 

Harninpnd, E) cuti ve Dir e ctor, Blue EC".gl e Di vi si oi: , 2.11~1 ncod (confir :i, ~1-~ verb;;,.l i nst ructi o.ns re'viously 2;i ven) t he c--:_--r ""~o men t of 

l.Ir. ~' D • .Smith c:.s Executive Offic er of "\{he Bl ue Ec:..;l e Divisi cn in 

a dc1i t i.:L t o. his duties e.s Assi ste..::t t o the Li:::ecr;.ti ve Director of the 

Pr esiG.e::t. 1 s Reem~loymel t Pro[;ram. (:8 . :S . D. 1.:. , =#=1). 

I I.. PLTPJ'OS.E ' . 

~1 August 11, 1933 , R. D. Smith , Assi st c.nt to the Executive 

· Dir. ecto r, .. Bl ue ~agle Di.vi si o::. , M, ii: c.:.. memorandum aimo~ced thC~ t 

General Hammond's Divisi ol'l "ltVE'..s chr·.r ; ed v-rith the admirlistration of l1RA 

B.ulletin 4~~ 3. . "T.he President 1 s Re em}1 o~rme:: t Program", dated July 20 , 

. 1933.. Thi,s announc.ement wc:.s coi1fir;m.ecl by Ger;.cr c-.1 Ec-.mrnond i n Blue EaGle 

·Divisi on I,iemo randum #1 (B.E.D. I..I .#l.), dr·.ted August ~, 1933 • 

9819 

• • <! 

A. SECTIONS 

1. EXECUTIVE SECTIOl"i 

(a) Duties- To clear e.ll 2.dmi 11istrc:..tive matters regading : 

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

( 5) 

Dec i si cli1S of ::'CliC3' ei ther lJY i t h i n t he 

. divisi oE or f roiJ the PEA Policy Bo2..rd 

P.eq_uests f or CX')encU turc s of mo;.:.ey 

Pe rson:Qel 

Contacts r.ri t h otl:e::: {,cvcr::.1ment a l de::ie.rt;:ncnts 

Lie.i s o:c1 c ont e.c t v.r i tl:. 26 Bnrce.u of ore~ ; n 

a nd Dome stic ohl~erc e District Office s . 

( b ) PERS01TI\TEL 

(1) :Executive Di rect or , Bl c.e Ec-.L;l c Divisi on -

. S. Hc: .. m.~.-...1onc1 - Aut.;ust 10 , 193:::3, Office 

Order 4F2 - I iemo r2...: clu.m si{;!".e c1 by T. S. Hammond 

as Executive Direct or, Presidcnt 1 s Reempl oyment Pro.:,r am; e.l so :d . E. I'. 1~ l aDd =/f l O. 

T. S. EC~Jlli-:lo ncl tn:.:1sferr d fr om PEA t o liRA -

Se·nt cmb cr 16 , 1933 - 0. 0 . =1/=35 . 
9819 

- 31-

) Ex e cu ti v e Offi c r , "J vi c~ l~ t\j d A i s tc.nt 

t o t }lc E u. ti v e Direct or - R. D. SJTti t h -

;·eno c'. ve' c... u _·,:s c 11 , ~r/ ; _ .. E. D. t.1'r= 1 and#10 , 

d.:" t c:. AL,_ 1.L s "': ?. ~ '"' .. _ CL So· t cmiJ e r 7 , 1 r '7 ~ • 

(:::; ) s~ isG ~ GJ :S;:c cP ti.vc Dir ec t or c .. ·cl Li so: . 

Of .J.'ico- · t •' Pr.A F - 1 i c,- ir'l c.r cl - I: il 'v _· ~;.e 

J ' t . ' " D 1. 10 S ' 1 7 l n .... ,., - . ' 0 - - - • • -' . • • . • ·,r , C l (; CY:1Li C.' , ::J • • 

( ( ) As .. :-- .:.. :t r::: Ec.. r1 ~· I.'.~'-'S ~ 1 8 , 19::: 3 -

:·. ',. :o "l i vc s 

('") A e.. G- e or ..__ e 3 . ::r.rtii .. , ::.~ ust 1 0 , 1933 -

rRA :Dxecu ti ve s 

( 6 ) A r:; L t a::.t - R. l . Cr c:ti:;.: , Au t,ust 1 8 , ~ -

r:RA :Cxe cltivcs 

( 7 ) Cl1i ef Cl er: : - Lc:'.YTr m:.ce Cc:rclv,e11 , Au :_,1.:•.st 18 , 1933 -

!""RA :o ~O l:. i Ye s 

(c.) ~- c:..r..AP..G-E - C.~ ~o J . !."c.rtir .. - Au cast 31 , 1933 

:tc..~!L..nm . Roli ev oc.1 Auc ust 31, 1933 . (:G . :S .D. M. 4( 7) 

(b ) CEI E2 ·- :2 . :. Cre.i l1 - t·- E~ t 01, 1 930 - :i3 . E. D. i.i . 

;~ 7 c.:: G. 4.210 . Hc. 1d.le c:.l l ce..l l e r s r cqucstil":g i nf 0r ::1c. "G i ':'l :l rc ::3 . E . [ PP.A - J . =.D. i:. 4/= 2 anc:. 7 ancl l O. 

( l ) : :c- L ,t c..L1 c o:1t o..ct r.r i t~1 f i e l d t hr cu :-;h St e.tc 

c:~~ Dist rict Pc c ( v cr y Bocrds ~d Councils 

:J t2 <'JiCL 10 :c. uo cx~ clum C:.atcd 

AuL,u st ll, 1::- 33 . 

( ?.) Co""'..s i clcr c -=- r t c.ii.l .:1c.t t crs :. iT c t o 

l lL:i. Lo ca l Comr.1it t c c s - .D. =//=2 . 

(l) Chi ef ...: ·J oe. z Lo11g ·- Au t,ust l l , 1 9"3 , 

no c.l. lJil n.:1d ::J . E . D. i.i.* l O. 

(.~ ) ss is ~e.. nt ~ i c; - D. C. Gl a ssi e - :E . E. D. \:. 

# 10 , Se,Yccmh e r 7 , 1933 . 
9019 

- 82-

4. COl'.:PLAilir:2S ~CJ:li Ol i~ . #2, 10 e.nC. 1 3) 

5. 

( a ) · DUTIES · 

(l) l:n1c-;_l e 2-ll corF'l l E'..ints fTom field as 

e.ff e ctL:.E:; O:'}e r c-.ti "' n of PRA, i r_cludi·lg 

nfrinGeme:~ t of use of Bl ue :Cagl e -

AtlGU.st 11·, 19 33 , n1 eE1o r D...ndu.rn c:ll:d. 

: .i • E • D • H • =#= 2 an cl l 0 • 

(b) PEl:S01TFI:;L 

( l) Chi of - J ohl·t D. l.ioo ro - August ll, 1 9 33 , 

Memo ancl B. E. D. i . 

( 2 ) Investi C:c-.t or - Thoffic'ls F. Rico - .D •• :. 

4f=lo . 

I--n.,.,:Jn n "DnAr01 I O-- S'SCn1IO_.:_: (..,.., n D · · Jt.-, i. S.i: ~.::u!J.L 1 1: .!!; _ .u • .D •• 1·.••1,·.::: , 10 ancl 1 3) 

( a) DUTIES 

(l) L·tf orme.ti CJ ::.·" by mcl.i l c-"s to hon t o c et tho 

Bl ue 'Ee.L:;le - Aug. 11, 1933 r\:emor2.:1dum. 

( 2 ) I nt erpr e t the PRA- I. #2 c. d. 10. 

( b ) PEP.S OIDTEL 

(l) Chi ef Colonel Lest er G. Wilson 

August ll, 1930 demo rC.ild.um. 

(2) Chi ef - E. S. Lo:1g - AuGUst 29, 1 933-

l.IemorCl.ilclum fr or.1 e; to Dict ?..tors a lso 

B.E.D. H.=/flO, o~1tember 7, 1 933 . 

(3) Assista11t - W. 3 . Pitt s - tember 7, 

193·3 - · B. :S .D. E.=//=lO. 

(4 ) Assi st ant- G. C. Hinckley- Se·1tember 7, 

1 933 , B.E.D. 1I.#lO. 

(t.i) Assi st ant- T. G. Earl y - Se-,)tember 7, 

1 933 , B. E. D. U.# l O. 

6 . EXCEPTIOrTS SECTIOF (B. E.D. ll. #2 , 10 c:.nd 1 3 ) 

( c::. ) DU.I' IES 

(l) Re c e ive 2ll 1etiti ns :for Excc~1 ti n s under 

c. _Ta~!h 14 , PRA- Auc,us t ll, 1933 , memormld'L1m cmcl 3 . E. D 1.: 4,~2 r.nd 10 . 
9819 

(b) :~ OJT ~EL 

(1) Ch i ef - IT . P ttit- Au ... u t 11 , 19:33 

( 3) 

~. ) ~r: i .. t ···1t- J . C. Cov:lins - 1ll\A, 

E::ccu t i vc d[' t e el _ Le;;us t 18, 19 , ..... . 

Cl.icf - :- . G. Cm··li.''' - Se:")t rm'uer 7 , 1933 

_ . _, . :0,. : :. =If 1 o. 

Acsirt" t t o Chief n~ Le {~ l Adviser -

~r ::l::1i l S . PolL.:: - Se"D tcmb er 7, 1933-

.'l i,-10. 

(.1) Assistr.r_t - 1 . 1i. Bri n - Se-Jtember 7 , 1933-

. E. D. :l. =/f l O. 

7 . Ii.-._.rG:.-IA SECTI C'F 

(.:.) DlJT_ES 

( 1) Phy. ic[',l distributior:. of B. E. -

c:m a:.d.un August 11 , 1933 . 

( ? \ 

' ) Pcrni ssi a n t o re~roducc . E. -

i.ie:morc..l:c,,::.un Aut:,ust l l , 1930 . 

(b) PEJ. S0:!.7EL 

(1 ) I;;. chRrf; e of ori gi nr.1 office - l a t er known 

c: s Insi GniC' Sect i on - Alvi n Brovm. 

( 2) Chi cf - E. lJ . Jeffrey - Augu.st 11 , 1933. 

(3) Assist~.nt rJ. i.l. Duve.ll- August 11 , 1933 . 

(4) Chicf i': D-:J.vC'. ll Enrl r -1o..r t c f Sent . 1933. 

( c) cm,;:,IE_\TS 

There a:·;pec.rs t o be some questi :> E r egarding the 

I lisibni a Section c ominb w1der tho 3lue Eagle 

Divi s i on c.s 3 . E. Divisi oi1 Lienorcu:.C.um ' s beGi nnin,:; 

ugust 23 , 1933 moke no r e f e renc e to t his se cti o~ . 

8 . 'J.':rt.ADE ASSOCIATIO~i SECTIO.T (B. :S . D. l.i. #2 , 5 , 10 e.nd 1 3) 

( a) DuTIES 

( 1) Es 'c c b 1 i sh cont ::::. c t v'i th c;.nG. ::' s sis t memo er s 

0f r.2rc.cl.e As s:J Ci<'.t i : :1s in co min;;; under PRAA .._ " 19,......,. ~ - D -- JL') llQlS v ,_.,, , .:>'·- _; • .!:.. , . , .. 7f,_, • 
- 84-

( 2) Have inve;..tige.ti or..s DE'..<le V? i t 1: reference 

to com:::;11:'.int s of sudden c:nct h i&h incr cc-~ s.cs of ;]ric e s f or co r.rrnocli tics :!'ursunn t t o signinc PRA nnd. not llider Codes-

-August 31,1933 - B. E. D. :I.#5. 

( 'b ) PEnS Olr.NEL 

(1) .Ch i ef - A. S. Yount; - JteTJbe:t 7 , 1933 -

.D. lJ.~~10 . 

IV. REORGANIZATI ON 

A. AUTHORI ZED - Sept emb er 1 6 , 1933 - 0 . 0 . =1/=35 . 

B. ALL SECTI OnS ABOLISHED - Sept ember 30 , 1 932 - 3 .E.D. ·.i.=/f13 . 

9819 
II. 

- 85-

p:_,!:_--=• S.u - -, ~ - .. J. - . -·. . 00 , l o r-o r ? 

.;;~<.) 

- . f • - : 1. :J. UC:~ COLPLI C. 

4 . .i "'~!.0Lil T 0 ... ··:·r ::::P ::::T_· S:IO~- s o::: P?. ~ lli::J V. ~:£:IO S StDSTITU-

, - 0~ S rL::; .::..=TO 

I I I . ?:::·.sorAL .t~...:. -:n JUT IES 

9819 

c --r:L.? 

#13 

J.. L ABS:CHC:C c.· ~FE~ CHIEF 

2. COUlJSSL - :::" rnn>::l in S. Pol~ o.J.: - Se Jte1:1~Je:c 30 , 19 33 - J . -;:;.D. 

L . ;'bl3, l~e JOnsiole fo:.. hsnclling o;:' con; l c::,ir:ts rna. JJe tit i ons ::mo. a l l m'"'-t :;.~s in conne c t i on thel~e, i tl1 

( o..) ASSISr_·,.::-T co·;_j ~- \7.1 . ? . Far~1 orth e}Jten'Je:;.~ 

30, 1903 . J . :L . :J. O.L . Al3 - es· on> ible :e·or inter-

--; :;.~et tlons anc e:~ t-nat ioa of ?:>.A .:-. .nd c: :.~io·,ls -::ubstituti ::1 s there'L.mc"_ e r . 

3 . .A.s;:; rsr_·. ·r =.o ... ::ceo'. _:a.._,. : oA?.JS :Loaz Lo se-,t . 30 , 1 9,...3-

J . E. D. O. i:. ~; 13. ::::es·Jonsible for the ha ncllinb of 11 :J.:-.tters a: isin~ in conrecti:m ·.:iti.1 St n te an rl Distl·ict Recovel~:r 

J o 3.rd.s. 

4 . J.' S3IS1'.ATT I'O~: COLPLLJTC:C 30_'\.3DS - J ohn s,··ope - Se·)t . ~ 0 , 

1933 - 2: i.~ . } 1 3 . J.es:Jonsibl e ol~ hru1cl1in:; a ll no,tt e:csnxisinb L.1 nn cti n n i th crec.'..tion and functioninG o:: 

locnl Co:r1J_l L::.nce oc :;.~ c: . 

5 . il. SSISJ:lJU~T :'OJ. 0:::':::· C~ ; ;:._ ~- c., -r - ? . G. :;arl~y Se~Jt . 30 , 

1933 - B. ::::: . :J. O. : .• 0 1 3 . ~~es--Jo~:si'Jle o:;.,~ all rnt ters con-

.:erning t he J:~ :.J eTI1e 1<J1iC c. l .:. unvcio:1 o:: ~1e Division il1c"t. 
- 36-

r:1 o..inta in li<.1 ison ·:!itll onC:_ "J ot · .. 'e8i1 t he o:rgct nizn ti n. 

IV. TE!:>J:IFA'r iOH - Octob e r 26 , 19;j3 - O. 0 . 7?40 

9819 

A. S :CA.GLE DIVISIOL ~~ C,-:2:-J 1'0 ::: ~ L_':_GLr .J L...;\.i. , COL:?LIAYCE 

DIVI SIO~~ 
- 87-

APPI:FDr·· 

C : Lii r .2 DI .ri SI o~; , "J?. 

I. ESTABLI S:.·L.JD - OCT0"3-:·. 23, 1903 - 0:::-:?I C~ CRD:::t =}40 

I I . PURP S"': - OF:.n C:J O.,.,.D:""?. #·~0 

ChC'i.'r:ecl :·i th the c..u t. o.~. et t en tin "' to < c jus'v all comu laints of 

vi olc8.ti c,n s of t~1 ~ P~ F'nC Co c~.es of FDi r· C(JPrJe ti ti Jrl . 

B. :;u;G IO :i- AL AG"GlWr::s 

Set :m ['TIC c;u··"l8 r ri S'3 SllC:1 :-:e -: ionc:·.l ~"; enc s c.s J.tav be cleeJ'1ed 

neceQsarJ to e~fec t s ch ccjustnent . 

Proc eed to crec:- te a -:-J e -·Mc.nent l.ec i onal lrtA ComoliDnce Sys t er:1. 

I I I . O:rtGAri ZATI OF 

A. H:lAn - lJATION.A_TJ COi:::?LI.AlTCJJ DI~3CTO:::t 

l. General Jo .. n son, Acting , y enc3.ing a-o··Jo i ntment of rJc.t i onal 

Comyli ance Director - Of.: ice Or de r ib40 . 

2 . Robert .: • Lee., Act in-=; fo!' John son em~o orari 1 •r , ~"le cl ine pe rmunellt c:.p~ointment - ?.elease ~fl510 - ~J ov ember 2 , 1933 . 

3 . :. illi a.-:1 H. Davis, a:9pointeO. l'at i onal Com:r~ li nce Direc tor -

Nov~mbcr 24 , 1933 - Office Orcer #45 . 

( a ) ASSI Sr:::'AlJT :;~.~:~TIOri_ 1 COi .PLI AlJ ~ DI.?.ECTOJ.·S 

Nove!Tioe:r 29 , 1933 - Offi ce Orc~_e r =/!=4o . 

(1 ) A. J. Al tmeyer, el ieved 4/12/ 34 - Oi'fice .1emo. #180 

( 2) I: . Johnston, ?.eJi eved 4/12/ 34 - Offi c e !'iemo . #180 . 

( 3) I'r ai1l< 2 ealy, Relieved 4 / 12/ 34 - Office iiemo. #180-

J cmue.ry 25 , 1934 . Of ~' ce : emorc:mdum . 

4 . Above 'Jositi ons abol ished .April 12 , 1934 - O:f:'fice Oro.e:r #85. 

5 . Cl1i ef :._A. J. Altmeye r - 4 /l2 /34 - Offic e l1:emo. #180 . 

( 2.) Assistant Cl1i ef - ~m . J a_.r Hoff - C.:D.O. i~i. #17. 

( b) Coun se l- H. S. Pollnk - C.D.O. !.~ . #17. 

(c ) ~con om ic AL.riser - H. -:-:-e i ss - C.D.Q. J .. :. #17. 

6 . Ch i ef - 1. J. l1Iartin - J LLb lJ., l 93L1 - 0. LI. ~250 . 

l. ADI.:rasT_~TI T:: B? ·:.-C !-1 ( 0 . 0. #40 , 45 c.n f.. fL ; O.IL #180 ; C.D.O.I. 

#1 and #17) 

9819 
- 88-

( a) DTJTI::s 

(1) Prepar e a r e}J OTt i;; c onjunction ·.-: ith Di ~r sion 

Ad.mini strat ors ant t he TrP16e Asso ciE ti on J i vi Eion "J_,Jon the Organiz a tion 

of Code Authorities ;:··i t h :~ e: r; _:rc~ to ho nc:_ lL.g -Jt" rticulD.:.. t ::;rryes of com-

-olairts- 0.0. #4G. 

-· ( 2) Pe r f orm t h ose e.::-:ecutive f"Lmcti ,ms ~"l it _erto -:Je r -

formed l.:ly the fo 1 1o· ·i:o;:_: •Je rs onnel of t h e lHu e 3 c:,c;le J:>:>2.nch - C. D. 0. 1: . #1 -

11/29 /3:) . 

Personnel. 

#180. 

( a ) Rec overy J oe n ::_s ?e r s onn e l 

(b) or:n ;lianc ~~ Boe rds Pe rsonnel 

(c) Cor :~espond enc e 0.n r ir:formation 

(I nt er-Pr e tati on) Per ~·on nel 

( d) Mail Section Personnel 

(e) Offi ce ;·:.-me.gemen t and. Chi ef Cle1~ 1 s O:': i i ce 

( b) PERSQlii}lEL 

(1) Chief - G. C. ~oyal, Jr. - 10/26/ 33 . 

0. 0. #~0. :rteli eve rt ll/24 / 33 - 0. 0. #45 

( 2) Chief - K. ohns to~1 - 11/24/ 33 - 0.0. #45. 

C.D.O. M. #1 - l l /29/33. Reli eved 4/12/34 - O. H. 

(a) Assistant - '7m . J ay Hoff - 11/29 /33 -

C.D.O. M. #1. Relieve d 4 /1 2 /34 - O. U. #180 

(3) Chief - '.~m . J ay Hoff - 4/12/34 - 0. 1: . #1 80 

Assistant - K. WRtson - C.D.O. M. #17. 

(a) §ield Section 

Chief- Jo:·m Sll o )e- ll/29 / 33 - C.E.O. M. #7. 

Relieved 4/12/34 - O. M. #180. 

~ Assistant for District Comuli a nce DirectorsDonald Renshall - 11/ 29 / 33 - C. D.O. M. #1. 

Assistant for I nformG.t i on a n d Co rresuo:.1o.ence 

G. C. Hinck ley - 11/29/33 - C.D.O. . #1. 

Assistant f or Recovery :Boards - Ca rl J' ;:.~c -

11/29 / 33 . 

Assistant for Loca l Compli a nc e i3oarc1.s - 'J. B. 

Pitts - 11 / 29 / 33 - C.D.O. M. #1. 

Field Secti on r err.ove<i from A<iministra tive :8rpnch 

and. constitu te(!_ §ielc. Branch -:- 4/12 / 34- 0.0. #85 . 

(b) Executive Se c t ion 

C:1i ef - T. G • . ~erl•r :_ ll/29/33 - C.D.O. l1i. #1. 

Also #17. 

As!=l i f.tan t - 1. Ca r f'·:ell - 11/29/33 - C.D.O.M. 

#1 and 17. 

(c) trol end Corr DO~~ en e Se ction 

Chi ef .... R. H. Ba rnet t - C. D.O. H. #17. 

s~~ i ; t .:m t - nE • A . Co 11 ins - C . D . 0 . Ivi. # 17 • 

9819 
- l -

2. T'ADJ:.: P ACTIC:... 1 !li,m- ( 0 . 0 . # 0 , t•[• t'H' #8f1 ; C. l.). O •. • ~.:1 

<mll #11.) 

( a 

( l, V.:- m·1 ~ co:1pL~L t 1 vioi.C'tioE'3 o ... ~) l novisionc of c:.iJn-oveC cc.CL<.' · otl1.::1 l1~1 Lt't)or Provi ~· io.tlf> -C;.;:D. O. l..I . #1. 

( ·~) -·cnLlc corap1?Ll~!· of viol., ti o!1f> 01 PRA 1)l'ovisionF t~1 :.' tl1, n L,·bor ,).,:rvi. ions C'nll. poti tio.ns i'or· exception the1·ef:i.:om. 

C. D. t~ . ',/1 . 

( b) r:...,RsorJ. J...L 

( 1) Acti1 ._; C __ i ef - K. Johnston 1C / ?.k. / 3'3" -0 . 0 . #<.0 

( 2) 1 . :U. IJ:o , .,Jk i ·1 • a 11.Joi n t eL to orG<""n i ze and acra.l.1!.iel~ T. P . D.l.vi " ion - 11/ ';l.t.-/ 7 3 - 0 . 0 . :ff::.:):. ( 3) Chien· - 1 . D. To1n].!J.:ins - 11/29/ 33 -C. D. O. l.i. :ifl. 

( a.) As ~· istent , John Hiff- 11/ 29 / 33-C. D. O. i.i. #1. 

( b) A"".sist en t , ri. H. Vvalle r 11 11 11 

( c) As:~i t c:r t , Maj o r :F . A. Price 11 11 II 

L~) Chief -· J. 1·.· . ;,i<'yen - lj ?,5/ 7.4 ~r . t~ C. D. O. i.I . :;{ll1/ 00/ 0£:: 

relie"~:e(_-: /1 2/ 34 

( a) Legal A"sistant - Geo r :?;e J. Fel c3mc:....'1 -

l/30 /o'. - c. D. o. ~.i . =rr 11. 

·( b) l/ 30/ 3(, C. D • . 

0. I. 1r l l . 

( c) 2x:c-r:1 i ner "" I~ . -·. -\·,ell e r, II II 

II II 

0 0 '8' • • 1f ..J. 

( e) Tl·ec:e Pre ctice Brc::ncl· Je r sonne l e.bs orbct_ ~) y 

na J".i~} :Bnmch e8 E>~J li shecl <./ 12/ 34·· - 0 . 0 . 7.-85. 

r l· A-•oT'.L . R.Airc·:l ( 0 0 ·-,:o <:'I V'( •• 8') . 0 ., . 1 nc . c 1)-- 0 l•I ..1.1 ) 0 • .H-J n ~ _ • • ~r 4- c J. l ~ -r- ~ , • 1\l e 1/- .... ':....1 • , • • • • t • 7r 

( a) Dl'TI:..s. 

( l ) · Hcn ci.l e coinplaints or vic l a '"cions of Labo r .._) rov i sion::: 

of E> .. nroveC. coC_es - . =i/=1- ll/ 29/ ';.;3. 

( 2) Hendl e c ompl a in t-:; o:::' v i ol a ti ons of PRA Labo r Provi -

sioi1.S c:~1c )eti ti ons for exc sp ti on the r efrom - C. D. O.M . :;/=1. - 11 / ~9 33. 

( 'b) PERS0 ~:-:.::__ 1 

( l ) C:1 i er - A.J. Al in-~ver d - 10I / 26I / 33 - 0 . 0. =ff~W . 

( a) Coun sE:l- VVi.l. . :~ r.. l l / 29 / 33 - C. D. O. r.· . #1. 

r e l ieveC_ L_)l2/ Y:· 0 . \1 . #15C . 

( 2) mL,is C~ tiv e ~s ~. stc::t J. C. Voo tt en- ll/ 29 /33. 

9819 
- 90-

. ( 3) As Ri stc:mt for PRA Gx c ep tion - 1:: . Vi. Te l l s 

ll/ 29 / 33. C. D.O. M. #1. 

( e!) Le:·;e.l As trnt G. V. Johns on -

ll/ 29 / 03 - C.D.O. M. #l. ('b~ Let:';c..l Assist ant- J. F. Mee l y - l l/29/33 -

. . { t_,) Assi stc-,nt fo r PRA Comp l a i nts - R. . 13e r nett -

ll/29 / 03- C.D.O. M. #l. 

(a' ) Legc- 1 .Assi s ten t - : • A. CltBle - l l /29/33-

C.D.O. hi . irl. 

( $) As:"-i stan t for CoC'..e c ompl r i nts - Ben hi. "V'il l i ans 

11/29/ 3-C.TJ ~ O. I:I . r/:1. A:Jpoint ec, xecuti v e ecr c: , Advisory Connci l -

6/28/ 3<. - ,Div i r ion l\l emorandum ( ? ) . 

( e. ' ) Lec?;a l At> si s tc.nt - T'l10 s. Marshall -

( c) LABOR :BR..lC C H ABO L L __ : H:_, D' - t._) 12 / 34 0 . 0. 'ff:3 t' 

( ·0.) L.A.30:2 BR.tCCTI p:.:;..:tSOl\i:t-::...1 :!USO:tOL:O BY ANALY:.J IS BRAHC -: ~ 

·· sr.1 T T'-"''---- D i /I:::> / t.1 o o _J. 5 l. J l.AE.l.J- 0.LL~.J L.: ."-J 3 . .: - • • 1r8 • 

4. JLU:_, i..AGL:L BB.A CE - Formerl~r ;;::no ':·rn as .BU.:·b :LAGL3 :OIV O~' , 

NRA) 0_.0 •. it40. cmc.l. ~<'- 5; O. i\I. dated 10/28/33 enl~ ll/9 / 33 ; C •. D. 0 . 11· •. 1tl. 

( a) Dl ?i:I :;_, s 

( l) -Rcspc:Llsi bl c fo r 2ll ma tt ers reGPrdinc t he PRA, i ncl'i7.L._i n.:; L1t erpre t a ti ons , ex e~o tiom , perrni s P. i on t o )e e unde r --.ni on 

co ;.1t:c·e. ct , c om_;_Jlein t s of non-compli a.11c e <mc.1 co r re c;poncience vvi th State , 

District ~ Local Boar~s . O. M. dated 10 / 28 /33. 

( l ) CJ.1i e f - :E'rnnk Healy - 10 / 26/ 33 - 0. 0 . =;f4C . 

( 2) Assi stant Ch ief , K. Johnst on- 10 /28/33 - 0 . hl. 

( 3) A::;si c-.ta.:nt f or Compli a nc e Bocr~s - - J ohn Svio"' e , in 

cha:c ;e of 2.11 matt e r s r el a ting to or.::,c- ni zatiOl1, anc~ f1.mcti o .s a nd cont act .·--i th Local Cornpl_irnc e :3oa.rC::.s - 10 / 29/ 33 - O. M. 

( 4 ) CoUJ1sel - :E'ranklir1 S. Poll alc , in cha r g e of compl<' L lts 

Em<.l. suc;.:._. es tionG - 10 / 20/ 33 - O. lli; P olla cl· asr- i _"net.:. to Compliance :Division 

e s ;-~ l AC::.viser- ll/9/ 33 - O. M. • I 

( 5) Asf'. i s t C1n t to Ch i -f , Wm. h~ . Co.lvin , i n cherge of 

:Exc epti ons 2n c. Com:)l aint s Secti on ·- l l / 9/33-0 . r.I. Sr . As s 1 t. to C[-".lvin -

J.C. \'loott ei.l in char:~ e of Excep tions- ll/9 / 33 - O. hi • .. 

ll/ 9/ 33 O. L. 

ll/ 9/ 33 - O. M. 

Jr. As!..; ' t to Gr.lv i n. - J. ~i . Hi L i n cl12r:_;e of Exc epti onsS~:". As··, ' t to Gr:.J.vEl - j__ • · ; . Ylellr~ i n che r g e of. Com;_Jl <il'!ts 
-91-

Ce) C( uns e1 - Wm. P . Fa rn ''orth , in charge of Int r,1r e 

tat ion ~ L>nc~ Subs ti tu ti on j - lC' I 28133 - . l\i; Farnsworth trans1 e rr e c.. t o 

.Allusements ~ecti_or:- 1110133- ! . \1 . 

(7 ) As .ista nt t o Chi c. -- G. C. Uincl;:l cy , in char~e of 

Interpr e tetions , Se ct on- 1119133 - C. d. 

Sr. Assi s tc:m t to Hincl:l ey - P . C. Al s op - 1119 I 33. 

0 •. I. 

(c) Ai _I\.LG.fu..A:;:~ D Al:J COi 'S IDAT~:9 IH'IO LAJOB. TRlL.Ji, PRACr.1= CE 

_4.r D £)i.L ·r J:~Rki'I v-~ B~ et1 s...s - o-:G"7 -;~5 , ·11-1 2/.133- ano. c:-D •. o. M. :Jl-111 .._91 n3. ____ - ---

JG:_I\.LYSIS BR.Al'l"C. (0. 0 . #8J; O. U. 7/=180 ; C. D. O. M. #17) 

(a) ~_STAJ3L~SlLD APRIL 12, 1934 - OJ' . 8~ 

( 1) Cni ef: - ·wm. ,1i. Galvin - 4 1121 34 ·- J . M. #180 anc!. 

C.D. O. M. =/1=17 . 

( 2) AC:..rniEi strative Ass 1 t. - J. H. Wootton- C.D. Ivi ~ 

#17. 

( 3) Tra.d.e Pra ctice Consultant - H. R. Heyc.1on - C. D •. 0. M. 

7/=17 . 

(4) · Assistants - L. s. Lightn er , J; ·E; Peebles, B. hi. 

Nilliems , C. D. O •• #17 . 

( 5) Assi s te nts as si t:ned b· Off ice of Coun sel - "3 . A. Clune, 

L. a~r , J . Hallem, T. C. ·,ia rshall , F. Meely-C. D.O. M. #17. 

7/=17 . 

6. ]'I:_,LD .JIW,TCH ( . 0 . 7r85 ; O. i.1. #180 ; C •. :O. O. Ivi . #180) 

( a) COHSTITUT:.::D 4/12/ 3t. - 0 . 0 . 'i/=85. 

(b) ORGJJ I ZATIOl~ P2ill ~R.:J Nl L 

(lJ Chi ef - J ohn Swone - /~~~3 O. M. #18C and C. D. O. hl. 

( a 1 ) A0.mi n istrati.iX'e.Assist c:n t , G. · C. Hinckley -

C. D. O. i-.i . 7rl 7. 

Assi stants - R. Byers , R. Donov an, H. Jottercr, 

\l. B. Pitts, J. J . Reinstein , N. Shirl ey- C.D. O. lii. =,1=17 . 

7 . GQV:.,.I-,NLj2 T COl'T::'ACT A~ID COi\IP:t,TITI Oli JLCTI ON (0. 0 . #85 ; v. l\I. -- ,------------

#180 ; C.D.D.M. #17) 

(a) 

(. ) 0 , ORGJ:.NI ZATIOE 

( e 1 ) Assi s t an t- G. V. hn ~o n- C.D. O.-JI.i . #17. 

( b 1 ) As }is t an t - J olm K11ox- It It 

98l'd 
-·9 2-

C. P:::::Ri. JU~_.NT ADVIS:r:;RS TO COMPLIAl'JCE 'DIV1SIOlJ ( Autho:ciz ed b.z 0. 0 . ~fo·.:O 

.10 /26(33) 

1. 

& #17. 

OFFICii; OF TH~ COUNSLL .( O.O. #40 O. M. #lBO; C.D.O. M. 1 

( a.) COUNSl..;L - Frculldin S. P::J ll.ack,· clesi'gn ate0. by Legal 

Division - ll /2 ·. /3 3~0 . 71b45 ancl C. D. O. M. #1- 11/29/33. 

(b) AS SI STANT - \Vm. M. Ga lvin, Assi gn ed to Chief, Labor 

:8rai1 ch- 11 / 29/ 33 -· C.D.-D . M. 'tfl. rt (.; lieved '-)12/34- O. M. #180 . 

(c) AS I STAl'JT - Frank Hursey - 11/29./33 - C. D. 0. M. #1. . . . . . . . . . . 

( cc) L:SGAL AS SI ST.ANTS 

.. (1) Assi gn ecc t o :G . vv. We lls , Ass 1 t Chi ef, Labor Brru1ch for 

PRA Exc e __ Jti ons. 

(a' ) 

( b I ) 

G. V. Johnson -· 

J • F. lvi e e l s -

lr/29/33 - C.D. O. M. #1. 

n n " 

: . (2) Assi gri.ecl to li. M. Barnett, Ass' t. Chief Labor Branch for · 

Pill 'Co'mpl aints 

'( ar) ·E. A. Clurie ...: li(29/ 33 - C. D.O. M. =t/=1. 

. (3) Assi gned t o Ben M. Wi lliams, Ass 1 t Chi ef, Lab or Branch 

' for o~~e Complaint.s . . (a 1 ) Thomas Marshall- lljl29/33- C.D. O. M. =#1. 

( L>_.) F. A. Ril ey- 11/29/33 - C.D. O. hi . =#1. . 

( S) Assi sn e c. t o Wm. M. Galvin, Cbi ef, Analysis Branch 

(a' ) E. A. Clune - . C.D. O.M. #17 • . ( b l) L.'' Gay~ II II 

( C I ) J. Hallam ... II II 

( d ' ) Thomas Marshall- II II 

( e I ) F. ll,ieel s .. - II II 

( 6) Assi gned t o Wm.· J ay . Hoff, Chief Ad..-:1 ini strati ve Branch 

· (a 1 ) K. Watson - C.D. O. M. #17. 

2.'--0FFICE OF LCONOlH C AND STATISTICAL ADVISER (0. 0 . ~0 ancl?f-13 ; 

C.D. O. M. #1 . ) 

( a ) :LCmTOMIC AND STJ\.TISTICJ\L__}~VIS:CR - Stanl ey I. Po sl1er, 

cl e si gna t ecl by :Res eox.ch cc nC. Pl a11ni ~; Di v~ s ion - ll/2i:.:/ 33 -

0 . O. =tft./5 el1d C. D. 0.1\L ' ?fl. 

9819 
-9 -

IV. T:..:::.L-ATIOl - AUGPST 2' , 19 S ( OF.dC.J..J L :T ... ,UCTIOH #2) 

NRA , 

N 

9819 

A. :U.COI\Dv Ar- J·I.A.T:1~R I~ OJ!' TIIL CQl.10?LI _ .. ,.Y ~J DI I ..:>I 0 , 

trl'n;:;ferr C. t o tho Ficl(•_ Division , 
-94-

.A.}'PENDIX E 

NATI01!AL CmG>LI.ANCE BOAPJ) 

I. ESTABLISHED- October 2 6, 1933 - Off ice Or der #40. 

II. FLTRPOSE - Office Orc r #40 

A. PRA POLICY BOA.::m 

Perform a ll necessary cluties and functi ons of t he PR.A Policy 

Board abo lished. 

B. CO PLAH TS 

Upon reference of or.~ int s from the National ' Comp liance Director, to underta;::e furthe r attempts t o adjustment, recommend exceptions, remove t he Blue Eagl e or rec omL~end refcrrence to the Federal 

Trade Commi ssion or t he Att orney Genera l f or approp riate acti on. 

III. ORGANIZATION AHD PERSONNEL 

9819 

A. CHAIRMAN 

National ComJ) lia:nce Director, Chairman (O. 0. #40). 

l. Pencling a'.'l)o intment of a National Comp liance Director, the 

following a ct ed. as Acting Cha irman: Col one l Robert W. Lea, 

Kilbourne JolhJ.ston, G. C. Royall, Jr., W. J. Eoff and Stanley 

I. Posner. 

2. Wm. H. Da vis, Nat ional Cmnp liance Director, 11/24/33 - 0 . 0. 

i.l:45. Relieved a s National Co:r:rp liance Director, 4/12/'34 (0 . 0 . 

~~8 5 a nd 0. M. #180), but continued as Chairman, National 

Comp liance Boc:tr cl. until about ia~r 15, 1933. 

3. Dr. Al t rn.eye r and Cap t ain iienr~r williruas ac ted as Chairrran' 

until the Board ,,vEl.s abo lished. on E~ y 2 1, 1934: . 

B. I NDUSTRIAL ~·WISER..;. .d.:rpointed. by t he Chzdrman of the Industrial 

Advisory Boar d .• 

1. c. L. lieyni c;er, Acti ng Al!.viser - 10/ 30/33 

2 . 1 . D. Tompk ins - 11/1/ 33 

o. 

'7 w. J. Barrett, Acting Adviser - 11/16/33 

4 . R. J. Hami lton - ll/20/33 

5 . c. J. Ramsberg - ll/ ~l 33 

6. C. J. Rumley , Acting Advi ser - 11/25/ 33. Adviser - 5/10/34 

7. Hugh Comer, Actin~ Aclvis e r - l/ ?3/34. 

B. B. A. Brenn2..n , Acting Advise r - l/ 2.?/34. Advis er - 3/5/3..4 

9 . W. W. Tanr:erma.n , Actinb A6.visc r 3/ / 34 

10. c. w. Churchill, 3/ 30/34 

ll. c. r 

!. .!.. • SuO.ler , Ac t ii1g Ac~ viser .... 5/: 34 
- 95-

LABOR ADVISER - Appointed y t l1e C1u inan of the Labor Advisory 

Board 

l . Dr . Leo 'folmnn - 10/"tl/ 33 

2 . Dr . W. J . yVoolcton, ~tin · L.1.bor Advis er- ll/8/ 33 

3 . T. F Behney , ctin ~ bor Advi er - ll/13/33 - Adviser ll/14/33 

D. EXECUTIVE SECP.EmARY 

l . G. C. Royall , Jr . - 10 /26/33 - 0 . 0 . #4 0 . 

E . CO~ SEL- Assigned by LeGal Jivisi on , NRA 

1 . Fra nk lin S . Poll a~~ /2 6/~~3 - 0 . 0 . #40 and #45 . 

F . ECOlTOt iiC ~ D_§_rATISTICAL .AJ)V ISER - Assigne d by Research & Planning 

Division 

l . Stan le y I . Posner - 10/26/ 33 - 0 . 0 . #40 and #45 . 

G. ASSISTANT NATIO" AL COMPLIA:t-. CE DIRECTORS 

l . A. J. Altmeye r - ll/24/ 33 - 0 . 0 . ·4 5. Relieved 4/12/34 -

0 . 0 . #85 a nd 0 . ~. #180 

2 . Kilb ourne J ohnston ~ ll/24/ 33 - 0 . 0 . #85 and 0 . R! . #180. 

3 . Frank Healy - ll/24/ 33 ~ 0 . 0 . #85 and 0 . M. &1 80 . 

4 . J . :. Maye s - 1/25/34 - 0 •. I . Re l ieved 4/ 12/ 34 - 0 . 0 . #85 

and #181. 

H. POS I TIONS Mil) TITLES OF ~1ATIONAL CO!dPLI.AlTCE DIRECTOR A.ID ASSISTANT 

COMPLIANCE DIRECTOR - Abolished 4/ 12/34 - O. 0. #85. ~ 

IV . TERLII1 ATIO-~ - May 21, 1934 ( 0. 0 . #90) 

9819 

A. FUi CTI 01 S i~ D P:CRSOl-T' EL - Transferred to the Comp 1iaDce Divis ion, 

JRA . 

,. .... 1' lJ.L.A ~ 

P.R.,A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

:Paragraphs L: ____ ~D:!..Iia~tr.:::::e _____ ~ Industry's Autho,rized Code : Cod.e 

:Approved:Effective 

2/19/34: 2/26/34 __ __...Id!n.!:!:.duio!aisil..!t~~Ary..:t.-------!. Af~Je..:f~e~c'...!!t.!::'.:ed~....l;Uii.I:J2~pro ved: Re,j ec ted: Wi tbdrawn: 

Academic Costume 2,3 z 9/7/33: Rea n.,___:....__-.-.lt:R~ep~re:::..!s~e~n~taa t~i~v~e­

:John A· Perkins, Natl. 

:Guild of Academic Costumers 

Advertis :John Benson , Ameri can Assn: ing Agency 

Adv. Distr i buting 

Advertising Metal 

Sign & Display 

.Advertising - Newspaper 

. 

• 

2, 

2,3, 

:1 to 

• • 

:1,2 

. . 

6: 

• • 

6: 

6: 

• • 

• • 

. 

• 

Advertisin& Specialty: 3.4,5,6: 

Agrarian Consumer 3 

Products Mfg. 

Aircraft Mfg. - 2,3 

: 

Air Transport 2,3 

.Alloy Casting 3 

• • 

.Aluminum • 2,3 • • 

.Animal Glue 3, 

Animal Soft Hair . 

• 3 

An t i- Friction Bearing: 2,3 

Anti-Hog Cholera 2,3 

Se rum & Bog Cholera: 

Virus : 

Antimony : 2,3, 

• • 

. . • 

z 

• • 

• • 

: 

6: 

• • 6: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

6· • 

. 

• 

8/31/33: 

No date: 

S/26/33: 

. . 8/29/33: 

. ' 

8/3/33: . . 9/6/33! . . 8/25/33: 

• : 8/16/33 • 

8/19/33: . 

• 

• • 

8/28/33: 

• • 

10/2/33: 

: 10/7/33: 

8/25/33: . 

• 

: : 

9/25/33: • • 

• : • 

• • 

• • No date • • 

• given • 

98 19 

. . 

:Adver tising ~ncies 

Not Stated :H.S. Gratch 

. . 

:Leo M. Grace, Adv. Metal : 

:Fab.Met.Prod.:Sign & Display Mfrs. Assn.: 

:Ind. Code 

2/17/34: 2/27/34 

4/20/34: 4/30/34 

• • 

:w.N. Freeman, American 

:Shopping News Pub. Assn. 

2/17/34: 2/26/34 

:Inc. : : 

:Wm.H. Seely, Advertising :10/31/33:11/13/34 

:Spec. Natl. Assn • 

:Frank G. Brown, Interstate: 

:Mfrs. Assn • 

: :Leighton w. Rogers, 

:Aeronautical C. of c. of 

&JuDerica, Inc. 

Not Stated • n 

:Harry _H. Steidal, .Uloy 

:Casting Assn • 

:Douglas Whitelock 

: A1 uminum Indus try 

:Not Warranted:Geo. Link, Jr. Counsel 

:Filed after :Joseph I. Wallace 

:Oct .. 1,1933 : 

• • 

r 

• • 

: 

:w.L.Batt, Anti-Friction 

:Bearing Mfg. Assn. 

:w.J.Kennedy, American 

:Serum Compa.nr 

• • • • 

:11/14/33:11/27/33 

: 1/30/34: 2/14/34 

z 

6/26/34: 7/11/34 

• • • • 

8/23/34: 9/3/34 

: 2/2/34: 2/12/34 

• • • • 

:11/27/33: 12/7/33 

• • 

: : : 

Not stated : Pecos Mining & Smelt. Co. z 1 

P.R • .A,. SUBSTITUTIONS 

------------- ------------------- -------- :Paragraphs : Date Industry's Authorized Code Cod.e 

Industry 

Academic Costume 

.A;ff ec t=ed=--_,_; ... .NJ~p=ro ved: Re ,j ec ted : Wi tbdr awn : Reason,__--''--------"'-R..:::eo~::..r:-:e::..:s:l.!:e~n~taldl..t~i=....:.v.-:::;e_ :Approved:Effective 

2,3 ~ 9/7/33: :Jolm A· Perkins, Natl. 2/19/34: 2/26/34 

Advertising Agency 

Adv. Distribut ing 

Advertising Me t al 

Sign & Di splay 

.AP. vert ising - Newspaper 

2, 

2,3. 

:1 to 

:1,2 

. . . . 6: 8/31/33: . 

• 

6: 

6: 

• • 

. 

• 

. . 8/29/33: 

. 

• 

Advertisin~ Specialty: 3,4,5,6: 8/3/33: 

Agrarian Consumer 

Products Mfg. 

Aircraft Mfg. 

Air Transport 

Alloy Casting 

.Aluminum 

. 

• 

: 

: 

: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 

3 

2,3 

2,3 

3 

2,3. 

. . 9/6/33: . . z 8/25/33: 

• • 

• • 

8/19/33: 

• • • • 

6: 8/28/33: 

: 

6: 

No date: 

8/26/33: 

: 8/16/33 . 

• 

• • 

10/2/33: 

:Guild of Academic Costumers 

:John Benson, .Axneri can Assn : 

:Advertising Agencies 

Not Stated :H.S. Gratch 

. . 

:Leo M. Grace, Adv. Metal 

:Fab.Met.Frod.:Sign & Display Mfrs. Assn.: 

:Ind. Code 

2/17/34: 2/27/34 

4/20/34: 4/30/34 

. 

• 

: 

. . 

• • 

:w.N. Freeman, American 

:Shopping News Pub. Assn. 

:Inc • 

2/17/34: 2/26/34 

. 

. . . :wm.H. Seely, Advertising :10/31/33:11/13/34 

:Spec. Natl. Assn • 

:Frank G. Brown, Interstate: 

:Mfrs. Assn. 

:Leighton w. Rogers, 

:Aeronautical C. of c. of 

z.Axnerica, Inc • 

Not Stated • n 

:Harry H. Steidal, Alloy 

:Casting Assn. 

:Douglas Whitelock 

:Aluminum Indus try 

. 

• 

• • • • 

:11/14/33:11/27/33 

1/30/}4: 2/14/34 

: 

: 6/26/34: 7/11/34 

• • • • 

.Animal Glue 

Animal Soft Hair 

3. 

3 : 10/7/33: 

:Not Warranted:Geo. Link, Jr. Counsel 

:Filed after :Joseph I. Wallace 

8/23/34: 9/3/34 

: 2/2/34: 2/12/34 

Anti-Fri cti on Bearing: 

Anti-Hog Cholera 2,3 

Serum & Hog Cholera: 

Viru.s : 

Antimony 2,3, 

• • 

• • 

. 

• 

• • 

• • 

6· • 

8/25/33: 

: 

9/ 25/33: 

• • 

• • 

. • 

:Oct .. 1,1933 : 

• :w.L.Batt, Anti-Friction • 

: : :Bearing Mfg. Assn. 

• :w.J.Kenned.y, .Alnerican • 

• : : Serum Company • 

• • • • 

:11/27/33: 12/7/33 

: 

• 

• 

:No date :Not stated :Pecos Mining & Smelt. Co.: 

given 

98 19 

P ,;a,4, SQBSTITQ'IIQ18 

:paragraphs t z ;12~e • • l t ~atr,yta ~~o~ized t~roved:lffeoti.a 

Indust!Z : Mfected tAPProvedlReJectediWitbdrawn: Reuon t B.epreeen~tive : Code) 1 (Code) 

.Apartment House • 2, 5 : • 9/8/33 1 • • :mot !rW.y Re-,ZC,J..Ual1emx,!Tatt1 J.am. l : 

• • • • :presentative a.lpt. Houae Owners z • • • • z 

Jppetizer & But Shop l 2 ; z 9/18/33: :Locai .uan. :Morris So1tz,Greater N.Y. : : 

: : : . :Jpp.& Nut Shop Owners l l • 

: z : i : :J.een. Inc. z I 

.Armored Car l 2, 5 : 8/31/33& • l :Frank J.Wehmhoff,Nat•1 Ar-: z • 

l z • . i :mored Car J.am. • Inc. • a • . • 

A:rt Needlework • 3. 6: 8/24/33: . • • : :.Albert H. Shll11man,j;rt i 3/16/34: 3/26/34 

• • • • :Needlework Ind • • : • • . • • 

~tist Materials • 2, 6: z • 10/2/33aNo Reply :T.S.Scorrezzo,Nat•1 Assn • • 

• • • 

: • • : : :Jrtists' Mat. Dealers • t • • • 

sbestos • 3 • 61 8/11/33: z l iLewia H.Brown,Asbestos Inst.11/1/33al1/13/33 • 

Asphalt Shingl& and : 3. 6: 8/23/33: • : :Herbert Abraham. A.S.& R. i 11/6/33:11/'i!D/33 • 

Boo:fing • : • • :Insti~te : • • • • • 

Ath.1.etic Goods M.fg. : 2,3 • • :No date • N'ot Stated :J.w.Bradsby,Cbm.of Comm. • 2/2/34: 2/12/34 • • • • 

: • • :given : : • • • • • • 

Atomizer l 2,3.4. 6: : : 10/2/33:Less than :'f,J, Pitt l : 

• I : : :1000 employees z : • I 

jactioneers of Art :1,2,J,4,5,6t : 9/7/33= :Too many ex- :R.E. Desvermine • : tD 

• -..:2 

:7 • l • :captions to l I : I 

• • 

: : I • :hr. prov • • : I • • 

.All tomo b U e Laundry • 3o 6: • : 10/2/33:No reply :Jos.Cohen,Aato Owners z 2 

• • 

: l : : • :Laundry Assn. a • • • 

Jjltomobile Retailing : 3 I 9/18/33: : • :J'.W • .A. Vesper, Nat•l .AJ,lto. • 10/3/33: 10/3/33 • • 

• • : • :Dealers Assn. • 2 

• • • • 

.Automotive Parts & : 2,3, 6: 8/21/33: : • :H.T.~nd,Aato. Parts & : 11/8/33:11/18/33 • 

Equipment Kfg~ • a • • l :Equipment Mfrs., Inc. : • 

• • • • 

I I • • : z • • 

Baby Chick Hatchery • 3 • 8/24/33= • • :Reese w.HiCks,Nat•l Baby : : 

• • • • 

I • • : • :Chick Assn. • 

• • • • 

:Bakers &: Conf. Supply • 2, 4,5 : 9/19/33r. • l :John S.Rall,Nat'l Assn. of: 

• ' • . • : :Bak. & Conf. Sup. Rouses • z 

: • • 

• • • 5/28/Y+: 7/9/34 

:Bald.ilg • 2,3, 6: S/16/33& • : :R.Stude,Nat•l Bakers Caun.a 

• • :B.E.Snyder,R.B.Davis Co. . • 

:Be.ldng Pollder 2,3. 6: S/24/33: • : • • 

• • • :Hoboken z : 

• • • 

: • • • • • 2/l0/34: 2/21/34 

Band. Instrument Mfg. 2,3 : 9/30/33= • • :A.L.Smith,Nat•l Assn• Bandt 

: • • 

:Instro.. Mfg. Companies • z 

• : • : • • 

• • 9813 
Industry 

Bank & Security Vanl t 

lti'rs. 

Bank Note 

Bankers of the u.s. 

Barber Shop & Beauty 

Shop 

Barn Equ.i pmen t 

P.R.A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

:p ar~aphs : : Date : ; 

: Affected :Approved:Rejected:Withdrawn: Reason 

: 2,3,4, 6: , : : :No record of 

• • 3. 

: 2, 4 

:1,2 

• • 

: : :action. 

6: 8/19/33t : : 

: : : 

: 8/2/33: : 

: 8/10/33: 

• • • • 

• • 

• • 

: Industry's Authorized : Code Code 

: Representative :Approved:Effective 

:E.C.Hyman,Assn. of Bank & : 5/1/34: 5/11/34 

:Security Mfrs. of America 

:A.M.Ferry,Assn. of Bank : 

:Note Companies : 

:R.V. Fleming, A.B.A. : 10/3/33:10/16/33 

:L.E.Mcilvain,Assoc.Maiter : Barber Shop Trade 

z :Barbers of America :4/19/34 z 4719/34 

6: • • 9/6/33: :Hours too longt:H.L.Ashworth, Barn Equip-: 

• • • • . 

• zment Assn. : 

Bat ting & Padding Mfg. : 

2,3,4 

2,3,4 

2,3.4 

: 8/19/33: 

: 8/19/33: 

• • : :Walton M.Steinbauer : 5/5/34: 5/14/34 

(Modification) : 

• • 

3. 

. 

• 

6: . . • • 

• • 

• • 

: 8/25/33: 

• • 

:Beau.ty & Barber Mfg. 

Jel41ng Mfg. :2,3,4,5,6,7: 8/2/33 : 

: : • • 

Beet Sugar . 

• 

• • 

Beverage Disp. Equip. : 

Bias Tape !Af g. 

;..ic-J0le 

· .s~it & CrackP.z 

Bleached Snellac 

t 

. 

• 

• • 

Blue Print Rep:;.~o~uc Uon: 

and Dra~.ng Uat~.:r~ul: 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

: 

• • 

. 

• 

: 

8V31/33: 

9/ l5i.:-' i 

'-J/~/33 .J& .... ted: 

ii.i7' Ind. : 

: 

: 8/23/33: 

. • 

: 

: 

: :Evans F. Stearns, Rep. : 

: :Batting & Padding Ind,; : : 

:Should opera1B# G.D. Chisholm,Al1ied Mfrs.: : 

:under PRA :Beauty & Barber Ind. : : 

: :w.L.Allen,Dep. Adm. for 1/23/34: 1/29/34 

: :Better Bedding All. of AJn, : : 

10/2/33 :No pressure :F.A.Kemp,u.s.Beet Sugar :10/27/33: 11/6/33 ~ :Assn, & ·Farmers & Mfrs. : : 1 

: :Beet Sugar Assn. : : 

: :c.w.sutton-Nat•l Beverage : 3/16/34: 3/26/34 

: :Dispensing Equip. Assn. : : 

: :H.S.Vorhis,Bias Tape Inst.: 5/23/34: 6/4/34 

:work undue :E.H.Teall, Bicycle Mfrs. : 5/21/34: 5/31/34 

:hardship :Assn. : 

t :E.Y.Crossmore,Biscuit and : : 

: :Cracker Mfrs. Assn. of Am·: : ~ S.t·,·aight ?"E..A. :E. Sutcliffe, Warren Bros. : 

·be ., .:.. 01ed : Oompany : : 

:Rudolph Guisser, ~erican : 4/21/34: 4/30/34 

. • 

f 

: 

:Bleached Shellac Assn. : : 

:Ralph Bloomfield, Inter- : : 

:nat•l Assn • . Blue Print I : : 

:Allied Assn. : : 
P.B.4, SUBSTITUTIONS 

:ParaBJ."aph z Date ; : IndU.e-tryla .A.uthorized ; Code z Code 

1 Affected :Approved:ReJected:Withdrawn: Reason ; Representative :Approy&d&Etfectiye 

Blouse Mfra. : 21 3, 6: 1 No date: : No reason 

Bobbed & Regular Hair: ' 

Pin I 

Book Hfg, : 

:Bo t & Shoe Mfg. 

- ·tanical D~ 

: 

:Bouillon Cube 

llng & Bill i ard 

Equi ment : 

Era s & Bro ze Sme1. t-: 2,3, 

·ng & Refining : 

B oakfast Furniture : 2,3, 

Brewing 

Bronze Powder 

Br om Mfg, 

rush U:fg. 

• 

: 2,3. 

. • 

: 

. 

• 

: 

• • 

• • 

I • 

Eu:ffing & Polishl.ng : 3, 

' mposition : 

Buff & PoliShing Wheel 3, 

B\ulding Contractors : 3, 

~J..siness Furniture 

Equip.. & Supply 

:Butter 

: 

• • 

• • 

• 0 

2,3 

2,3 

: : 

6: 8/24/331 

: : 

: 8/14/331 

: & 

6v S/11/33: 

: 

& 

: 

a ' 

I 

I 

l 

• • • • 

: 9/30/33: 

• • • • 

6: 9/21./33: . 

• : : 

: 9/23/331 

• • • • 

6· 8/19/33: 

I 

: 

• • • • 

6: : 9/ 18/33: 

• • • • 

6: 9/5/33: 

• • 

• • 6· • 

• • • • 

z : 

: : 

6: 8/19/33: 

: : 

6: 8/30/33: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 9/15/33 

• • 

8/29/33: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

6: 

6: 

9/1/33: : 

: 9/13/33: 

• • 

: 8/17/33: 

• • 

• • 

; 8/18/33: : 

:B.H.Lern~ Nat•l ~sn. of:l2/30/33Z 1/1/34 

: 

z 

l 

: 

: 

:Blouse Mfra., Inc. : : 

ac.o. Todd, •Of Cmte. a : 

: : : 

:E,J,Tfaleh, Book Mfrs.. : 2/17/34: 2/2.6/~ 

:Insti~te, Inc. : : 

' aJ.O.Ball,Nat•1 Boot & Shoe: 10/3/33:10/13/33 

: :Mfrs. Assn. : 

:Less than :R.C.Schlotterer,Bot.Drug : 

:1000 empl. iAssn. of Am., Inc. : 

:Less than :R.T.Moore, Bouillon CUbe : 

• • 

: 

• • 

:1000 empl. :Division : : 

:Less than :R •• McClure, Bowling md : 3/30/35: 4/8/35 

:1000 em:pl. :Billiard Equip. Assn. I 

z :R.D.Hal.lowell, Non-Ferrous: 

: :Ingot Metal Institute : 

:Operat e under:B.P.Fi Sher, Nat•l Break- : 

:Furn. Code :fast M:f'rs. Assn. : 

• :G.R.Beneman , u.s.Brewers : 

: :Assn. of America : 

:At request of:Assn. of Bronze Powder 

: 

• • 

• • 

1/30/34: 2/12/34 . • 

3/22/34· 

:Industry :Mfrs. : : 

:Operating 35 :F.F.Collins, Nat•l Broom : 6/18/34: 7/2/34 

:hrs.per week,:~grs. l~so. 

:requested 4o : 

:hr. week : 

: 

l 

z 

l 

: 

:Geo.A.Fern1e,y,Brush Mfrs. 

:Industry 

:w.J.Parker,Buff. & Pol. 

:Comp. Mfrs. Assn. • 11 " • 

:Local Assn. :John A.. Robertson, Bldg. 

: :Trades Employers Assn. 

: Geo. c. Brainard 

• • 

• • 

• • 

l 

: 

: 3/23/34: 4/2/34 

• • a 

11~/33: ll/4/33 

• • • • 

:ll/14/33:11/14/33 

• • • • 

• • 

ll/4/33:11/14/33 

• • 

:N.R.Clark,Chm. of Committee: 

I 

~ 

t.D 

I 
P.R.A, SUBSTITUTIONS 

: Paragraph : Date ; 

Industry : Affected :APproved:Rejected:Withdrawn: Rea§on 

Button Jobbers 

Can Mfg. 

Candle Mfg. 

Cane Sllga.r Ref. 

Cane Syrup Packing 

and Miring 

Canning 

Canning & Packing 

Machiner.y 

Canvas Products 

Cap & Closure 

Carbon Bl ack 

Card Clothing Mfrs. 

z 

: 

-. • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 

: 

Casein Plastics & Re-t 

lated Products : 

Cast Iron Boiler and : 

Radi ator Mfg. : 

Casualty & Surety z 

Underwriters : 

(Modif ication) : 

Chain Mfg. : 

Cheese 

: 

: 

2, 6: 8/24/33= 

4, 

• • 

• • • • 

6: 9/12/33: 

6: 8/25/33: 

: 8/19/33: ' 

6: 9/7/33: 

• • • • 

6: 8/11/33: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 

• • 

• • 

: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 

• • 

: 

: 

• • 

: 

3 • • 

: 

• ' • • • 

: 9/14/33 :Appeal under 

:Par. 14. 

2 

3 

3. 

6: 9/21/33: 

: 8/24/33: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

:No date : : 

6: :No dat e : 

• • : 

: 8/31/33: 

: 

• • 0 

• • • 

: : 9/25/33: 

: 

: 8/30/33: 

: : 

z 1/10/34: 

6: 8./7/33: 

• • 

: 

: 

• • 

' 2,3.4.5,6; 

• • 

8/8/33: • • 

• • 

: 

: 

. 

• 

: Less than 

: 1000 empl. 

• • 

z 11 Should sign 

:PRA" 

• • 

• • 

: 9 : • • • • 

Chemical Water Treat-: 

ment & Mfg. : 

Chewine; Gum 

Chicken Packing 

: 

• • 

• • 

: 

3. 6: 

• • 

: 9/21/33: 

: : • • 

6: S/19/33: 

z 

: 

l 

• • 

l 9/2l/33: 

: I 

: "Should take 

:PRA or no-

: thing" 

• • 

: 

;Less than 

11000 empl. 

z Industr.y•s Authorized 

: Representative 

:Alexander s. Winett 

• • 

z Code : Oode 

:Approved:Effective 

: 7/26/34: 8/5/34 

: . • 

: z 

:R.E. Desvernine 

:Lester B. Platt, 

:Mfrs. Assn. 

:L.A.Crosby,Sugar 

:12/15/33:12/30/33 

Candle : 2/20/34: 3/5/34 

• • 

Ins. Inc.: • • 

:O.L. Moore : • • . . • • 

:Frank E. Gorrell, Nat•l : 5/29/34: 6/11/34 ·:Canning Assn • 

:Ogden S.Sells, Canning & 

:Packing Machinery Inst. 

:Edward R. Dewey 

:Victor L.Hall, Glass Co~­

:tainer Assn. of Ame rica 

: 

• • 

• • 

: : 

Zl0/31/33Zll/ll/33 

• • • • 

: 3/16/34: 3/21/34 

:10/20/33:10/31/33 

: : 

: 2/8/34: 2/19/34 

: 1/23/34: 1/28/34 

• • • • 

:R. T. Baldwin, Casein Pla.s-: 

:tics Mfrs. & Fa.b.Assn.Inc.: 

: : 

. 

• I 

~ 

: g 

2/ 3/ 34: 2/10/34 I 

• • • • 

:F.Robertson Jones, Assn of: 

:Casualty & Surety Exec. : 

: 

• • 

: : : 

:Irving s. Paull, The Chain& 1/31/34: 2/10/34 

:Institute : 

:Gao. L. Mooney, Na.ttl, : 2/2/35: 

:Cheese Inst. : : 

:Arthur Fisher, Chemical : : 

:Water Treatment Mfg. Ind. : 

: : : 

:E.B.BreCk,Chewing Gum Mfrs: 1/30/34: 2/9/34 

:Indus try : z 

:w.W.Richardson,Nat•l Assn.: 

:Canned ChiCker Packers : 
Indust 

Chilled Car m1eel 

ill1lorine Control 

.A;ppara tus 

Chuck 

Cigar Eox M:fg. 

Cigar Mfg. 

. • 

. 

• 

• • 

. • 

Cigar Mfg. (Modifica-: 

tion) 

Cigarett e,Chewing & 

Smoking Tob. & Snuff: 

City Directory 

Cleanine; & Dyeing 

Cleanser Mfg. 

Closet Accessories 

Club 

Co ated Abrasives 

Coat Front 

Cocoa & Choc. Mfg. 

Cocoanut Oil Ref. & 

Processing 

2 

. . 

6: 

3 

6z 

. • 

3,4, 6: 

. 

• 

6: 

• • 

6,9z 

• • 

. 

• 

6: 

. • 

6: 

. • 

6: 

3 . . 

6: 

. 

• 

6· • 

6: 

P.R.A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

:No date . . 8/30/33: : 

:No date 

9/8/33: 

: 

8/11/33: . . 8/24/33: 

8/15/33: 

. . 8/25/33: . . 9/15/33: . . 9/29/33: . . 9/12/33: . . 9/5/33: 

10/2/33: 

9/7/33: 

8/23/33: . . 8/26/33: 

9819 

Industry• s Ja.thorized : Code Code 

: tive roved•Effe t 

No reason :H.Hanson, Assn. of Mfrs. 2/17/34: 2/2 /3 

:Chilled Car \'lheel s t : 

:Robert T. Ealdwin,Asstd, :12/18/34: 

:Mfrs.Chlorine Cont. App. : 

:Take :H. E. Sloan, Chuck Mfrs.Assn.: . • 

:straight PRA:: : 

:Should take :Hobart B. Hawkins, Nat 11 

:straight PRA :Cigar Box Mfrs. Assn • 

:11/27/33:12/11/33 

: 

• • 

:Association 

:not repre. 

:Local Assn. 

:.Approval un-

:wa.rran ted 

:Local Group 

• I 

:Harvey L.Hurst,Asso.Cigar 

:Mfrs & Leaf Dealers : 

:S.Cl~r Williams,Cigarette 

:Chew. & Smok.Tob & Snuff 

:Ind • 

:F.R.Mixer,Assn.:t-T.A.Direct.: 

:Pub •. 

:N.J.Harkness, Nat'1 Assoc.: 

:of Dyers & Cleaners· 

:L.J.Gumpert,Assn.Grocery : 

:Mfrs • • • 

:H.S.Vorlies,Nat1 Notion 

:Assn • 

:F.W.F1int,Jr.,Assoc.Clubs 

6/19/34: 6/19/34 

: 

. . 2/9/35: 

. • 

. • 

• b 

...... 

I 

11/8/33:11/C!J/33 . . 9/1/34: 9/11/34 

. • 

:of Southern California : : 

: Geo .Link, Co a.ted Abras. Ind. :12/30/33: 1/8/34 

:H.R.Shapiro,Nat1 Assn,Coat: 

:Front Mfrs., Inc. 

:w.F.R.Murrie,Assn.of Cocoa: 

:& Choc. Institute 

:R.D.Hollowe11,Vegetab1e 

:Oil Prod. Institute 

. . 6/15/34: 6/18/34 
P.R.A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

: Paragraphs: Date I z Industry• s Authorized & Code : Code 

------~In~d~u~s~t~tY~----~'~Af~f~e~c~te~proved:ReJected:Withdrawp~:--~R~e-a~so~n~--~=----~R~~~r~e~s~en~t~a~t~i~v~e ____ ~:ApAWP~r~o~v~ed~:uEf~f~e~c~ti~V!ge 

Coffee a 3, 6i 9/7/33: ' :w.R.Williamson,Assoc.Coff.: 2/6/34 : 2/16/34 

: z : : a Industries of America ; ; 

Coke Mfg. : 2.,3, 6: 8/25/33: : ; :W.H.Earl, Natl Coke Mfrs. : 

Collapsible Tube 

Comfortable Mfg. 

I 

z 

• • 

• • 

z 

Compressed Alr ~ 

Commercial Duplicat- & 

ing & Mailing : 

Commercial Refrigera-: 

tor : 

Commercial Stationery: 

Commercial Vehicle 

:Boczy Mfg. 

Concrete Mixer 

Condiment Sa:u.ce 

• • 

• . . • 

6: 8/15/33: 

• : • 

• 8/16/33: • . 

• 

: :No 

6: 8/24/33: 

: : 

: 8/24/33: 

• • • • 

: 9/5/33: 

6: 9/30/33: 

. 

• 

. 

• . . 

: 

: 

• 

~ 

• • 

date : 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 

• • 

6: : 9/21/33: . 

• 

6: 

• • 

. . . . 8/6/33: : 

: 9/16/33: I 

• 

Confectionery Mfg. 

Connecticut Shade 

Grown Tobacco 

Construction a 2,3,4,5,6: 

:12 : 

8/8/33: . • 

Construction Equip. . 3 8/30/33: • 

Distributing • • 

Construction News • 2 • 9/30/33: • • 

• Publishers • 

• • • • 

• • 

. 

• 

Cooking & Heating 3 8/14/33: 

z • • • • 

; 

: 

• • 

: 

• • 

: No reason 

• • 

: Assn. : • • 

:M.D. Church, Collap. Tube : 3/17/34: 4/?./34 

: Mfg • .Assn. · : : 

:R.All~,Natl.Assn.Comfort.: 1/23/34: 2/2/34 

: Mfrs. : : 

:F.E.Neagle :10/11/33:10/22/33 . • 

• • . . • • 

.:E.L. Shu1 tz, Comm.Refrig. :12/?.3/33: 11/1/34 

:Mfrs. Assn. : : 

:C.P.Garvin,Nat1.Stat.Assn.: 3/16/34: 3/26/34 

: :A.H •. .Andrews, Natl. Assn. 7/16/34: 7/30/34 

: : Com. Veh.:Body Mfg. Inc. : : 

10/4/33: No reply from:C.S.Wagner,Mixer Mfrs. Bur: 8/1/34: 8/12/34 

: Indus try : : 

:Less than :H.J.Dittrich,Condiment I :1000 empl. :Sauce Industry b 

: :O.M.Jacobs,Nat1.Conf.Assn.: 

:Portion .of :F.:B.Griffin, Conn. Valley 

: 

• • 

{\) 

I 

:Ind. only :Shade Growers Assn., Inc. : : 

z :s.F.Voorhees,Constr. : 1/31/34: 3/2/34 

:League of u.s. : :J~hn c. Lewis,Constr.Equip: 1/23/34& 2/5/34 

:Distributchrs 

:Could not ex-:+rving W.Hadsell, Constr. : 

:empt outside :News ~blishers Assn • 

:traveling re-: 

:porters re-

: cei ving $15 

:per week. . 

• 

. 

• 

:r.s.Pau11, Inst. of Cook- a 1/30/34: 2/12/34 

:ing & Heat.App.Mfrs. Inc. : ~pliances 

981~ 
P.R.A. SUB~TITUTIONS 

:Paragraphs : Date : Industry's Authorized : Code : Code 

Ind.ustzy : ,Affected alt,pproved :Re.iected:Withdra.wn: Reason : Representative ;A:pproved:Effectiye 

Cooperage : 3, 6: : 8/31/33: :Not Warranted:A.S.Johneton, Assn. Cooper.: : 

: 

:1,2,3,4.5,6: 

: : 

: : :Ind. of America z : 

Copper & Brass Milling Products 

8/7/33: : a 11/2/33:11/13/33 

: : 

Corn Milling a 2,3, 6: 8/19/33: 

: 

• • 

J : • • 

Corn 0 il P a.c:Jp.ng 

: 

Correspondence School: 

Corn Products • • 

Corn Starch Packing : 

: 

Corn Syrup Packing : 

and Mixing 

Corrugated & Solid 

Fibre Shipping Con.: 

Cotton Compress and 

Warehouse 

Cotton Drayage 

Cotton Ginning 

Cotton Glove 

• • 

• • 

Cotton Seed Crushing a 

Cotton Pic~eries 

Country Grain 

Elevator 

Covered Button 

.Crab & Crabmeat 

: 

3. 6: 9/5/33: 

2,}, 

2, 

2,3, 

: • • : 

6: 

: 

:No date z 

:given : 

: 8/9/33: 6~ •9/5/33: 

6: 9/5/33: 

• • • • 

6: 8/15/33: 

: : 

6: 8/ /33: 

• • 

6: 

. . . . 6: 8/24/33: 

: 

• • 

: 

. . 8/17/33: 

. 

• 

• • 

: 

6: 

• • • • 

: 8/17/33 : 

• • • • 

6: 12/1/33: 

6: 

: 

• • 

• • . . • • I 

6: '8/24/33: 

• • • • 

6: 9/10/33: 

z z 

• • 

• • 

9/22/33: 

• . . 

• • 

: 

: 

• • 

6: : 9/13/33: 

98 19 

:R~R.Clark, J;n. Corn Millers 

:Federation : 

: :O.L.Moore, Corn Oil Produ-: 

: : cers ,Msn. 

:Not Warranted:J.S.Noffsinger,Natl Home 

: 

• • 

: 

:Study Council : 

:v.L.Price, Corn Prod. Ind.: 

:O.L.Moore, Starch Mfrs.Assn 

: 

: 

: 

: 

: 

• • 

: 

:o.L.Moore, Syrup Mixers 

:Societ,y : 

:James B.Fenton, Natl Con- : 

:ta.iner Assn. 

:A.L.Reed,Cotton Compress &: 

2/1/34& 2/12/34 

a 

: :Warehouse Indus try : 

:Local Organi-:J.L.Darrouzet, Cotton 

:zation :Dr~age Industry· : 

: :F.M.Lester, Natl. Ginners : 

• • 

: 

:Assn. a : 

:Local Organi- :F.S.Jeffries, Natl. Assn. :12/30/33: 

: zation :Cotton Cloth Glove Mfrs. : 

:H.L.Durand,Cottoneeed 

: :Crushing Ind. . 

• 

: 

• • 

: 

I 

....... 

0 

CN 

I 

1/8/34 

:Under Cotton :Stanford F. Blum, Natl. : 5/17/34: 5/28/34 

:Waste Mat-

:erials 

z 

:Reg. group 

:Cotton PiCkeries Assn. 

:Geo.E.Booth, Nat1.Fed. 

:Countr,y Gr. Elev. Assns. 

:M.D.MoseaaQbn,Covered 

:Button Ind... 

:N.R. Coulbrown 

: 

. . 

• • 

: 3/16/34: 3/26/}4 

: : 

• • 
Industry 

Crepe Paper 

Crucible Mfg. 

Cup & Container 

Qu.rled Hair 

Cutlery Mfg. 

Cutting Die Mfg. 

Daily Newspaper 

P.R.A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

: Paragraphs& Date : Industry• s Authorized : Code z Code 

: Affected :Approved:Rejected:Withdraw.n: Reason Representative :Approved:Effective 

: 3, 6 a 8/25/33: z i Geo.J .Lincoln,Jr. ,Natl. i : 

: : ' z : : Crepe J>aper Assn. of Arrl· i & 

3 z 8/29/3): : : C.H.Rohrback,Crucible il0/23/33:10/30/33 

: : : : · Mfrs. Assn. z a 

: 3, 6.: z 9/30/33: :Stat. did not:Granville P.Bogers,Cu.p & : 3/26/"Yt: 4/9/34 

: : : :warrant ~· :Container Institute : : 

: 3, 6: 9/6/33: : z :H.S.Delany,Natl Assn.Curl~ 5/14/34: 

: · : : : :Hair· Mfrs. : z 

1 3 z 8/19/33: : : :L.D.Bement,.AJn • . Cutlery Mfrs 3/?6/34: 

z : : : : :Assn. : : 

: 2,3 z 9/30/33: , : : :c.F.Fundholm, Natl Cutting: 6/8/Yt: 

: z : : : :Die ¥frs. Assn. : : 

I Z : I Z Z : 

: ·: : : I : : : 

5/28/34 

4/5/34 

:1,2,3,4,5,6: ~/15/33: : : ·:Howard Davis, }Jn. Newspapei' 2/17/Ytl 2/26/34 

:9,11,12,13,: : :Publishers Assn. : : 

:14 : : : : : 

(Modification) : 6,7:12/29/33: : : • • 

I 

1-' 

0 

t Dairy Machinery Mfrs.: 2,3, 5,6: z 10/2/33: :Insufficient :D.S.Hunter, Dairy Machinery : 

: : : :information :Mfrs. Council 1 : 

7/22/34: 7/31/34 

: 

Date Industry 

Delicatessen 

l 

Delicatessen (Retail): 

• • 

Delicatessen (Retail): 

Dental Laboratory 

Dental Trade 

Die Casting Mfg. 

Direct Selling Companies 

: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

3, 6: : :No date :No reason :Vance Brand,Date Ind. Assn: 

2, 6: z 8/30/33: :Assn. not :H. G. Burke, Assoc. Delicat. a 

2 

2, 

3 • 

3 

z : : :represent. :Stores : 

: z 8/30/33: :Local Or~i-:J.A.Spiro, Mogen-David 

: : : : zation :Delicatessen Corp • 

6: : 9/5/33: :Local Assn. :H.H.Malkin, ncosher and· : 

: : : : :Kosher Style". : 

6: , 8/28/33: :wm.C.Babbitt, Mgr. Natl. : l/22/34r 2/1/34 

: : : :Dental Lab. Assn. : I 

6: : : 9/12/33: Insuff. data :G.A.Lilly, Am. Pental Tr. : z 

• • • • 

6: 8/19/33: 

. 

• 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 10/6/33: 

: 

. 

• 

: 

:Assn • 

:H.R.Reirihart, Amer. Die 

:Casting ' Institute 

I I 

: 3/8/34: 3/18/34 

s : 

:Filed after :J.M.George, Natl. Assn. of: 

:October 1st. :Direct Selling Companies : 

. . 
---........... -------v--, ... ..., 

Indust;ry 

:Paragraphs 

.A:ffected 

: Date : 

:.Approved:Rejected:Withdrawn: Reason 

Industry's Authorized 

Representative 

: Code : Code 

:Approved•Effectiye 

Dog Food Mfg. 

Domestic Freight 

Forwarding 

Drain Tile 

. 

• 

• • 

: 

• • 

Drapery and Upholstery 

Trimmings Mfg. 

Dress Snap Fastener z 

Dressed Poultr.1 - Receiving & Distr. : 

Drivurself Assn. 

Drinking Straw Mfg. • • 

: 

~rop J-orging Mfg. 

Drug Lal:>el & Box • • 

: 

Dry Color • • 

• • 

3 

2, 5 

3,4, 

3 

2, 4 

3, 

2,3, 

3 

2,3. 

9/20/33: : 

• • • • 

• • 

6: 

9/7/33: 

• • 

' • • 

5: 8/21/33: 

• • 

8/17/33: 

• • • • 

6: 9/12/33: 

: 

• • 

9/8/33: 

• • 

:No date 

• • • • 

6: • • 9/18/33: 

• • : • • 

6: 9/30/33: : 

• . • • • • 

: g/19/33: 

• • : • • 

6: 8/2J./33: : 

: : • • 

• • 

:Petition 

:expressive 

• • 

. 

• 

• • 

:Less than 

:1000 empl. 

:Less than 

:1000 empl. 

:c.w.Dunn, Natl. Dog Food : 5/31/}4: 6/11/34 

:Mfrs. Assn. • • • • 

:E.M.Dillhoefer, Domestic 

:Frt. Forwarding Assn. 

:G.T.Landru.m, Natl. Drain 

:12/18/33:12/28/33 

: 

: 3/24/34: 4/3/34 

:Tile Mfrs. Assn • 

:H.H.Steidel, Natl. Assn • 

:Upholstery Trim. Mfrs • 

:H.S.Vorhis, DressSnap 

:Fasteners Division 

:T.A.Adams, Div.Marketmens 

:Assn. Port of New York 

:A.F.Shanghnessy, American : 

:Drivurself A~sn • 

:R.E.Bell, Assn. of Drink-

: ing Straw Mfrs • 

• • 

:c.E.Stone, American Drop : 

:Forging Institute 

• • 

1/16/34: 1/26/34 

: 

: 

: 

3/14/34: 3/26/34 

' 5/10/34: 5/21/34 

• • 

: :E.w. Broemmelsiek, Natl. : • • 

• 

I 

....... 

0 

CJ1 : :Drug Label & Box Assn. 

: :Frank Muir,Dry Color Mfrs.: 5/5/34 I 

• 

4/25/34: 

: :Assn. : D~J Ground Mica • • 3 : • • : 10/2/33 :"No confirma-:E.E.Pratt,Sec.,Dry Ground : 

:tion from Ind:Mica Assn. : 

: 

2/24/34: 3/5/34 

Dry Goods Cotton 

Batting 

Dry Milk 

Earthenware Mfg. 

Egg and Poultry 

Electrical Mfg. 

Electric Light and 

: : 

~ 2,3,4 • • 

• • 2,3 • • 

: 2,3 . . • • 

: 2,3. 6: 

:2,3,4.5,6,7: 

:2,3,4.5,6,7: 

Power : • • 

Electrical & Mechani-: 2,3,4, 

cal : 

6t 

. 

• 

• • 

8/19/33: 

s 

8/25/33: 

• t 

8/24/33: 

8/31/33: 

8/2/33: 

8/11/33: 

• • 

: 

• • 

: 

J 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: : 

: 9/12/33: 

• • : 

: :Evans F.Stearns, Dry Goods: 

: :Cotton Batting Industry : 

:G. E. Geary, .American Dry : 

:Milk Institute, Inc. 

• • 

: 

: 

: 

: 

:A.E.Hull,Jr., Natl.Earth-

: enware Mfrs. Assn. 

:A.T.White,Egg & Poult. Ind: 

:None indicated : 

:None indicated 

: : 

:Assn.not rep.:W.W.Haubs,Nat1.Ind.Ser.Assn: 

: 

9819 

: 

4/21/34: 4/30/34 

• • 

3/8/34: 3/23/34 

• • 

8/4/33: 8/15/33 

• • 

: 
P.R.A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

:Paragraphs : Date : : Industry Is Authorized : Code : Code 

:Appr oved:Effectiye 

10/3/33 :10/16/33 

Industry : .A;f'fected roved jie.iected:Withdrawn: Reason ; Repr esentative 

Electric Storage and :1,2, 3,4, 5,6 1 8/10/33: : : :None indicated 

Wet Primary Battery: : : ' : 

Electri c & Neon Si gn : 3 : : 9/30/33 : . 

• • • • • 

Evapora ted APple 

Packers 

Evaporated Milk 

• • : :No date 

. 

• 

Excelsior & Excelsior: 

Products : 

• • 

: 

Fabric Auto Equipment: 

: 

Fabricated Metal Prod: 

Farm Equipment 

Factory Fire Mutual 

Insurance 

Feed Mfg. 

Feldspar Grinding 

Fertilizer 

Fibre & Metal Work 

Clothing Button 

Fibre Shoe Counter 

Fibre Can & Tube 

Fibre Wallboard 

• • 

• • 

• • 

3 

2,3. 

• • • • 

8/8/33: 

: • • I 

6: : 9/25/33: 

• • . 

• 

: 

• • • • ·6: 8/17/33: 

• • • • 

6: 8/25/33: 

• • • • 

6,7: 8/16/33= 

• • 

. . • • 

: 

: : 

6: 8/18/33: 

6: 9/6/33: . . 

6: 8/21/33 : 

6: 8/23/33 : 

. 

• 

6: . 

• 

8/24/33: 

6: 8/23/33: 

• • 

,. 

• 

: 

• • 

• • 

: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

. 

• 

• • 

9/30/33: 

• • 

9/11/33 

• • • • 

:Not warranted: Niles Pennybacker, Natl. : 8/24/34a 9/3/34 

: :Elec. ' Sign Assn • • • 

:No documents :A.H.Winslow,John F. Coyle • • 

:on file :Evap. Apple PaCkers Ind. : : 

:Less than 

:1000 empl. 

• • 

: 

• • 

• • 

: 

• • 

:Walter Page, Mfrs. Cmte.of: 

:Evap. Milk Ind. : 

:A.J.Kochneke,J.N.dfEsto, : 12/7/33:12/17/33 

:J.H.Woodall for Natl. Exc. : : 

:Prod. Assn. 

• • 

• • 

: 

: 

: 

: : : 

;H.H.Steidel,Fabric Auto : 1/23/34: 2/2/}4 

:Equipment Assn. : : 

:H.J.Kimball, Fab.Metal : 11/2/33:11/12/33 

:Products Federation : : 

:C.R.Messinger, Natl. Assn.: 10/3/33:10/23/33 

:Farm Equipment Mfrs. : : 

:To come under:H.J.Freeman, Assoc.Factory: 

iMutual Fire :Mutual Fire Ins. Co. 

I 

b 

Ol :Ins. I 

• • 

. 

• 

: Not 

: 

: : : 

:W.N.Guthrie,Feldspar Grind- 1/16/34: 1/29/34 

• • • • :ers 

:Chas.Brand,Natl.Fertil.Assnl0/31/33:11/10/33 

:D.W.Corbin,Am. Fbre. & Met: 3/17/34: 3/27/34 

:Work Clothing Button M~rs.: : 

:Bureau : : 

warrante~J.L.Sherenell,Fibre Shoe : : 

:Counter Mfrs. Assn. : 

:D.B.Skillman,Natl. Fibre ' 2/24/34: 3/5/34 

:Can & ~e Assn. : . 

:c.C.Spray,Fib.Wallbrd. Assn 3/10/34: 4/19/34 

9819 
P.R.A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

:Paragraphs· : Date Industryt e Authorized Code Code 

Industry 

File Mfg. ~feet~ a~prov~:Rejected;Wit~r~:~~R~e~~~o~n~~L'~~R=e~p~r~e~s~e~n~~~t~i~v~e~--~~:~~~p~ro~v~ed~:~E~f~fe~c~t~i~v~e 

3, 6a 8/19/33: : : :Erust & Erust,File Mfrs. 10/9/?}~:10/19/Yt 

Fire Extinguishers 

Fire Underwriters 

(Modification) 

Fisheries (northeastern) 

Flat Glass Distb. 

Flat Glass Mfg. 

Jlavoring Extract 

Floor & Wall Clay 

Tile Mfg. 

Florists 

(Modification) 

Flour Distributing 

Flour Mfrs. Self 

Rising & Processed 

• • 

. 

• 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

; 

• • 

: 

• • 

• • 

l 

z 

I 

: 

2, 

2 

2 

3 

2,3 

2,3, 

3. 

2,3, 

2,3. 

2,3 

2 

3. 

5 

• • • • 

6: :No date 

: :given 

: 8/30/33: 

:12/27/33: 

. 

• 

• • 

: 

.9/9/33: 

• • • • 

8/24/33: 

: t 

6: 8/31/33: 

6: 8/24/33: 

• • • • 

6: 9/15/33: . • .. • 

z 

I 

• • 

• • 

• • 

:10/ll/33: : 

%12/ll/33: I 

: S/24/33: : 

z : : 

6: :No date a 

: :given : 

• • • • • • 

Fl-.Ud Milk :1,2,3,4.7.9: 8/4/33: 

:10,11 

Fluted Cup Pan Liner ; 3, 

& Lace Paper Mfg. : 

Folding Paper Box Mfg: 2,3, 

: 

Food Desserts • • 

. 

• 

Food Dish & Paper : 2,3 

Plate.Mfg. : 

Food & Grocer,y Distb.; 2,3,4,5 

. • 

z : 

6: 9/10/33: 

• • • • 

6: 8/28/33: 

: ; 

6: 8}25/33: 

• • 

9/15/33: 

; l 

:No da. te 

• • 

• • 

• 9 

: 

• • 

:Assn. 

:A.O.Boniface, Fire Ext. 

:~liance Industry 

• • 

:Natl Board of Fire Underwr~ 

: 

ll/4/33: 11/4/33 

• • 

:Local Organi-:P.G.Willard, Northeastern : 

: zation :Fisheries Assn • 

: :North Storm, Natl. Glass 

: :Distributors Assn. : : 

: :R.B.Tucker,Flat Glass Ind.:l2/22/Yt: 

t :J. S.Hall, Flavoring Extr. : 

• • 

: 

: 

:Demand ex,. 

:cessive 

• • 

: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

. . 

981'9 

:Mfrs. Assn. of America : 

:G.S.Whiteside,Jr.,Tile : ll/4/33:11/13/33 

:Mfrs. Assn • 

:Albert Barber & David : 

:Roberts, Natl.Flor.Councila 

:w.P.Tanner, Natl. Fed. : 

:Flour Clubs : 

:V.S.Tupper,Natl. Assn. of 

:Mfrs. Self Rising & Proc. 

:Flours 

:None given 

: 

• • 

• • 

: 

• • : z 

I 

1-' 

0 

...:.z 

I 

: 2/17/34: 2/27/34 

• • 

:R.R.RiChardson, Folding :12/30/33: 

:Paper Box Assn. of ~erica: 

1/8/34 

:B.E.Snyder,Food Desserts 

:Industry 

:G.S.Barshay,Food Dish & 

:Paper Plate.Assn. 

:Retail Food & Grocer,r 

:Wholesale Food & Grocery 

• • 

: 2/l/34: 2/12/34 . . 

• • 

:12/30/33: 1/6/34 

: 1/4/34: 1/11/34 
P,R,A, SQBSTITQTIONS 

:Paragraphs : DATE z : Industry's Authorized z Code : Code 

Industry z Affect 3d :.Am>roved:Re.1ected:Withdrawn: Reason 

Fresh Water Pearl a 3.4, 6: :No date : iNo r~ason 

; Representative tApproyed:E£fective 

:w.P.Fiekett, Natl. Assn. : 2/26/34: 3/12/34 

But tons : z : : : ::Button Mfrs. : : 

Fruit and Flavoring z 3 : S/11/33: : 

Syrups Mfg, z : : : 

Fruit and Produce : 6; : 9/23/33: 

Purveyors : : : 

Funeral Supply Mer- : 2,3 : S/23/33: 

chants : : 

Fur Headmakers 6: : 9/12/33 

Furniture Mf g, 

Furrier Supply 

Garment Trimming 

• • 

• • 

. . 

• • • • 

6: 8/19/33: . , a . : 

6: S/26/33: 

; 

• • • • 

• • • • 

6: : 9/26/33: 

: : 

Garter, Suspender & : 6: 8/11/33: 

Belt Mfg. 

Gas Appliances 

Gas Cock Mfg. 

• • 

: 

: : 

6: 8/16/33: 

6: 8/28/33& . . . • • • 

: 

• • 

Gas Operating Utility:2,3,4,5,6,7: 8/11/33: 

Gas :Products 

Gasoline Pump 

Gear Mfg. 

Gelatin 

General Tool and 

Implement Mfg. 

Glace Fruit and 

Maraschino Cherry 

: : 

3 

3. 

:1, 3 

: : 

6: 8/2/33: 

9/11/33: 

(No file) : : 10/2/33: 

2,3. . 6: 8/23/33: 

3. 6: 9/6/33: 

• • : 

10/2/33 

:J.S.Hail, Natl. Assn.Fruit: : 

: . :& Flavoring Sy~ Ind. : 

:Local Organi-:Norman L. Marks,N. Y .Fruit : : 

:zation :& Produce J?urvey.Assn.Inc.: : .: , :J.W.Byrne,Funeral Sup. Ind.: 11/4/33:11/14/33 

: : : 

:Sign PRA 

• • 

: 

: 

• • 

:Less than 

:1000 

• • 

' : 

• • 

• • 

• • 

:M.K.Baver,Fur Headmakers 

:Assn. , Inc. 

:J.T.Byan,Southern Fum. 

:Mfrs. Assn. 

: i2/7/33:12/1S/33 

:K.X.Baver, Furriers• 

:Merchants Assn. Inc. .• 

. 

• • 

Supp.: 

: 

z 

: 

. • . 

6/2/34: 6/12/34 

z 

: 

• • .. : Theedore Charne s, As so. Ger. : : 

:Trimming Merchants, Inc. : : 

:R.S.Crawfor,Garter,Suspen.: 11/4/33: 

:& Belt Mfrs. Assn. : : 

:Geo. E. Frazer :11/27/33: 12/7/33 

:R.L. OIBrien,Assn.of·Gas :10/31/33:11/10/33 

:Cock Mfrs. : 

:Alexander Forward, .Amer • 

:Gas Assn. 

:No reply from:C.E.Kayser, Natural Gas : 

:Industry ::Products Assn. : : 

:None given 

:Should sign :J.M.Mc~inton,Jmer. Gear 

: 9/18/33: 9/18/33 

:11/14/33:11/25/33 

:P.RA ;Mfrs. Assn. 

:Not warranted;None given : 

z :G.B~Duvell, Gen. Tool & z 

• • 

• • 

:Implement Assn. : 

:D.R.Frobes, Natl.Preserves: 

:Assn. : 

: 

3/15/34: 3/25/34 

I 

6/8/~: 6/18/34 
+ e.l.l-•4• '-IVJ./W.6.••v ••w••w:;--------___;;;::====== =====~~~ ...... 111111 

:Paragraphs : Date Industr.yts Authorized Code : Code __ _..I&oiLln~du~~s t.K.IIr:r~.~-___ ~M~f...:.:e:.x.cted : .t\pproyed; Re.i ected :Withd..l:aml_;__~e~a-s~on __ ...~,; __ ..-JR~e.;p~~'~r~L.:e~su.e~n.lf.ota'il.t.l!.llir..:v~e~-__.!.:A.Ap~p~r~o~v:-=:ed::::.u:E=.:!f~f~e~c~ti~v~e 

Glass Containers 2,3 8/17/33: :E.G.ACkerman,Glass Con. 10/3/33:10/13/33 

Glassware Mfg. 

Glazed & Fancy Paper Mfg. Grain Exchange 

Gray I ron Foundry 

Grinding Wheel Mfg. 

Gummed Label & Embossed Seal Mfg. 

Gwnming 

GypSUlll 

2,3 

• • 

3 

:1,2,3, 

~ 

• 

: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 

. 

• 

2,3 

3. 

3 

3 

2,311 

Hair & Jute Felt Mfg.: 3, 

Handbag 

Hand Chain Hoist 

Handkerchief 

Handquil ting Mfrs. 

• • 

. 

• 

' • • 

: 

: 

• • 

3 

Hardwood Distillation: 2,3,4, 

Hat Mfg. ' : 3 

Hauling for Carloading 2 

& Forwarding Cos. ; 

. 

. 

• 

8/26/33: . 

• 

8/31/33: 

• . • . 5,6: 8/26/33: 

9/30/33: 

' . • • 

6: 8/30/33: . 

• 

. • 9/7/33: 

• • 

• • 9/7/33: . 

• 

6: 

• • • • 

. 

• 

. • 

9/22/33: . 

• 

• • 

. 

• 

:Assn. : 

:G.Atanhew,Jr., American 1/16/34: 1/31/34 

; Glassware Mfrs • 

:Geo. Butterfield,Glazed & 

:Fancy Paper -Assn • 

. . . . 2/1/34: 2/12/34 

:Fred H. Glutton : : 

:A.J.Fuscany,Gray Iron Found 2/10/34: 2/26/34 

:Ind. & Gray Iron Ins. Inc.: : 

:W.LaCoste,Nelkon,Grinding : 12/21/35 1/8/34 

:Wheel Mfrs. Assn. : 

:D.A.Crocker,Gummed Label &: 2/17/34: 2/26/34 

:Embossed Seal Assn. : 

:D.A.CroCker, Gummed Indus-: 2/17/34: 2/26/34 

:tries Assn. : 

;Henry J. Schweim,Sec. 5/7/34: 5/21/34 

:Gypsum Assn. : 1 

• • 

: II Couldn I t 

:agree with 

::Soard" t..J 

0 

ID 

I 

• • 

• • 

• • • • 

6 :8/15/33: 

: : 

6: 

• • • • 

6: 8/22/33: 

• • 

: 8/23/33: 

l 

6: 

• • 

6: 

: 

• • 

: 

• • 

9/6/33: 

: 9/15/33: 

• • . . 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

. • . • . • . • 

: :v.A.Wallen,Hair & Jute :10/31/33:11/13/33 

: :Felt Mfrs. Assn. · : : 

: 10/2/33: Not properly :Maurice S.Mosesson,Assoc. : 

• • : represented :Handbag Indus. of America z : 

: :Irving s.Paull,Hand Chain : 1/30/34: 2/9/34 

: :Hoist Institute : 

: :F.A.Harden, Handkerchief 10/9/33:10/19/33 

: : :Ind. Assn. of Juneri ca : 

: 10/2/33:No response :None given 1/23/34: 2/2/34 

:from Industry: : : 

: 10/2/33: No response :M.H.Haertel,Wood Chemical :11/10/33:11/13/33 

: 

• • 

. 

• 

. 

• 

:from Industry:Institute, Inc. : : 

:Warren S.Smith,Hat Ine.Inc: 2/5/34: 2/19/34 

• :Otto L.Hankinson,Natl Assn: • 

I 

• 

• • 

98!.9 

:Haulers for Carloaders & : 

:Forwarding Co's. • • 
Industry 

Heat Exchange 

Heavy Forging Mfg. 

Hide & Leather 

Working Machine 

P.R•A• SUBSTITUTIONS 

:Paragraphs a Date ; 

: Affected ~Approved;Rejected;Witb4raw.n: Reason 

: Industry • s .A:uthorized 

: R&Presentative 

a Code : Code 

&Approved!Effectiye 

• • 

z 

• • 

3 i 8/18/33: : ' :C.H.Rohrback,Heat Exch. 

:Institute 

:10/11/33:10/22/33 

3. 2,3_ 

• • • • 

6: 8/30/33: 

: 9/6/33: 

l : 

• • 

: 

• • 

• • 

: :w.J.Parker,Forg.Mfrs.Assn.: 

: :Preston T.Stephenson,Natl.: 

: :Hide & Leath. Mach. Assn. : 

• • 

• • 

3/6/;}h 3/19/34 

. • 

Hog Ring & Ringer Mfg: 3. 6: : 9/14/33: :Less than :V .D~Stewart, Hog Ring & z 5/22/34: 6/1/34 

Hosiery Dyeing and 

Finishing 

Ice Cream Mfg. 

Ice 

(Modification) 

Imitation & Leather 

Novelties 

Imported Green Olive 

Incubator 

• • 

• • 3. 

: 

' : 

• • 

: 

: 

6: 

• • 

• • 

. 

• 

: 2,3,4.7.9= 

:101 1l,A : 

2,3. 7: 

: 2,3. 6: 

3. 6: 

3 : 

. 

• 

2,3. 6: 

Importers of Machine 

Made Lace & Embroidz 

: : 

: 8/23/33: . • • 

• • 

• • 

: 

• • 

• • 

. . 8/1/33= 

: 

8/4/33: 

8/16/33: 

• • 

9/7/33: 

• • 

. 

• 

: 

' • • 

10/2/33: 

• • 

9/13/33: 

• • 

_9/6/33: . . 10/6/33: 

• • 

• • 

: 

9/25/33: 

• • 

. 

• 

9/7/33: 

:1000 empl. :Ringer Mfrs. Assn. : 

:"Covered by :Lawrence F.Friedman,Metro-: 

:Hosier.y Agree:politan Bosier,y Dyers & : 

:ment & Exec. :Finishers Assn. 

:Or. for same : 

:trade." : 

: 

z 

: 

:No reply from:L.D.Tenere1li 1Hoisting : 3/17/34: 3/28/34 

:Industry :Engine Mfrs. Assn. 

:Should come :Daniel Wagner,Com. Hook & 

:under Snap :Dye Tape Industry 

:Fastener Ind.: 

:Held over for:Thomas Green 

:Pub.Hearing : 

:Not stated :J.M.George, Natl. Assn. 

: :Direct Selling Companies 

: 

• • 

:Not indicated 

: :Leslie c. Smith 

:Mod.of 8/4/33: 

: :M.D•Ul vessolm,Natl.As.sn. 

• • 

• • 

• • • • 

I 

...., 

...., 

0 

I 

:11/17/33:11/27/33 

: 

• • • • 

• • 

• • 

: 

• • 

10/3/33:10q16/33 : . 

: 

7/24/34: 8/6/34 

: :Imitat. & Leath. Nov.Mfrs.: 

:Dewitt C.Reed, Amer.Assn 

• • :of Impo.rters of Gr. Olives: 

:Not warranted :H.L•Ashworth, Incubator 

:Mfrs. Assn. 

10/2/33:Less than :C.T.Reatte, Lace & Embr. 

'lOOv employeetAssn. of ~erica : 

9H19 

. 

• 

• • 

• • 
P.R.A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

:Paragraphs a Date t 

Industry 

Independent Telephone: 

Associations .: 

(Modification of 1 

gubstitutions for 

Telephone Companies: 

Industrial Safety 

Equipment M:fg. • • 

Industrial Supplies : 

& Machinery Distr. : 

: 

: 

Industrial Training t 

Institute of C~et 

Mfrs. of ~erica • • 

• • 

Insulation Board Mfg.: 

• • 

Insurance Agents z 

: 

Iron Ore Mining : 

(Lake Superior I ron : 

Ore Industry) : 

Jewelry & Allied 

Industries Mfg. 

Jewelled Watch Mfg. 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 

.Aifected :Approved:Rejected:Withdrawn: Reason 

• • 

2,3,4.5.6; 8/11/33; 

2, 5 

: 

. 

• 6: . • 

9/6/33: . 

• 

: 8/19/33 : 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • . . 

• 

• • 

:No date : 

2 

: 

6: 

: 

: 

6: 

• • 

• • 

6: 

: 

• • 

: 

• • 

: 

: 

• • 

8/9/33: 

• • 

9/7/33: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • • • 

6: 8/16/33: 

: : 

6: 9/16/33: . 

• 

• • 

: 8/18/33 

• • 

: 9/12/33 

: 

: 

z 

• • 

• • 

: 

: 

: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 

: Returned at 

: request of 

: Institute 

• • 

• • 

: Could not 

: agree with 

: Board 

• • 

.: 

: 

• • 

Jewelry (Wholesalers): 2,3, 6: 8/22/33: 

: 

: : 

a 

Knitted Outerwear 

.. 

• 

• • 

: : 

: : 

z : 

6: 8/l/3).: 

• • 

: 

: 

: 

: 

• • 

' 9819 

: Industryr s Authorized 

: Representative 

• • 

: 

:F.B.l.lackmon, u.s. Inde- :pendent Telepbou A sn. 

: 

: Code Code 

:Approved :Effec tive 

• • 

• • 

: 

, 

• 

: 3/1/34: 3/ 12/ 34 

: : : 

:Geo.A.Fernley,Natl SUppl y tl0/ 23/33: 11/2/33 

:& Mach.Distr.J$sn.; Alvin : : 

:M.Smith, So. Supp & MaCh. 1 : 

:Distr. Assn. : 

:w.I.Smith,7th Day Adventists : 

:Edu. Institute : : 

:Herbert Gutterson, I nst.of: : 

:Carpet Mfrs. of America : 

: : : 

:B.G.Dahlberg, Insulat ion z 3/22/34: 4/2/34 

:Board Institute : : 

:J.B.Miller, Natl. Assn. 

:Insurance Agents 

:R. C.AJ.len , Lake Superior 

:Iron Ore Industry 

: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: : 

:Edward o. Otis, Jr. ,JewelJ'Y 

:& Alli ed Industries 

:c.M.Kendig, Am· Jewelled 1 

z 

: 

:Watch Mfrs. Assn. of u.s. : : 

:Qeo.A. Fernley, Natl. a 1/12/34: l / 22/34 

:Wholesale Jewelers ~sn. 

• • 

: 

:Not indicated 

: : 

: : 

: : 

:12/18/33: l/l/34 
P.R•A• SUBSTITUTIONS 

.Lace Ourtain Kfg, 

Ladder Mfg.-

I 

• • 

: 

z 2.y 

I : : 

6·: 8/17/33: : 

• • • • : 

: 9/14/33= 

: : : : 

Laundry : 2,3.4.5.6: 8/8/33: : 

: ~aundr.1(Yodifications) 

La:undr;r & .Dry Cleaning 2,3, 

: 

Lava 

La~ !lower • • 

Lead I 3, 

Leather & Shoe Findings 2 

• • 

• • 

Leather & WQolen Knit: 

Glove Mfg. : 

Lighting Equip. Mfg. : 

• • 

Limestone : 

: 

Linen Supply z 

• • 

Liner and Packing 

Devices • • 

Linseed Oil Mfg. • • 

Linoleum & Felt Base • • 

Floor Covering 

Liquid Tight Con- . 

• 

tainer Mfg. :· 

2, 

3 

3 

3 

3. 

3 .• 4 

2,J, 

3 

: : : 

: 8/21/}3: : · 6: · a 8/23/33: 

: : : 

6: z 9/18/33: 

: : l 

6: . : : 9/16/33 

: : : 

6: 8/16/33: : 

: l 9/18/33: 

• • : 

: 8/17/33: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: : 9/20/33: 

: : : 

5 I 9/18/J): 

: . : : 

6: : 9/12/33: 

: 

• • 

• 8/l/33: . • • 

6· 8/25/33: • 

8/26/33: . . , • • 

Industry• s J.uthQr1zed : 

:Chas :a.cosby, Label Mfrs. 

: :Assn. : 

: Uia.rry ;a:. Steidel, Natl Assn: 

: :Lace Curtain Mfrs, i 

: :.r .c.m.}lpelman, .Am. Ladder : 

: :Institute : 

: :L • .A..Peck,R.E.Cqnby,Laundry: 

: :owners Natl. Assn. : 

: : I 

:Demands un.- :S.E.Moore, Laundry & Dry : 

:reasonable :Cleaners Mach. Mfrs. Assn.: 

:Less than :R.Kirchberger, Natl • .A.Bsn.: 

:1000 empl. iLava Mfra. · : 

:Could not :J.M.Lontz,Hand La~ Mowers: 

:agree with :Bd :Assn. : 

z :F.J.WGrmser,Lead Ind. Assn: 

:Bd. ruled :Wm.H.Bremer, Natl.Leather : 

:straight 4o :& Shoe Finders Assn • 

• • 

: 

: 

11/8/33:11/18/33 , I 

2/16/34: 

I 

: 

10/3/33:10/14/33 

: 

I I : .... 5/24/~: 6/4/~~ 5/17/34: 5/27/34 

:hours : : · : 

• • 

• • 

:Sign PRA 

: 

:Substitution 

~for Glazed & 

:Fancy paper 

• • 

. 

• 

:Albert Aaron, Natl Assn. : 11/4/33:11/14/33 

:Leather Glove Mfrs. Inc. : 

:T.Y.Wi1liams Co.,Artistic : : 

:Lighting Equip. Assn. : : 

:John Hanert,Na.tl Limestone:ll/14/33:11/24/33 

:Ind. Assn. : 

:Albert Gertow,Linen Supp. :. 

:Industry : 

:J.S.Rice,Basket Liner .and : 

:Packing Assn. : 

: 

:Not indicated : 

:Wm.J .Mathews, Linoleum and: 

:Felt Base ,Floor Cov. Ind. : 

:GeQ.J.Lincoln,Jr., Liquid: 

:Tight Container Industry : 

: 

: 

: 

9/18/33: 10/2/33 

• • 

2/1/34: 2/12/34 
P.R.A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

:Paragraphs :, Date : Industry t s .Authorized : Code : Code ----=I~n=d.u.::;s::;...t::.:::ry;.oc_ __ ___:: A;ff ec ted :.Approved: ;ae,j ec ted: Withdrawn: Reason 

Live Poultr,y 3, 6: : 9/16j33: :Local Assn. 

: Rep esent~tive :AUProved:Effectiy~ 

Slaughtering 

Live Poultry 

Litho gr a;phi c 

(Modification) 

Livestock Market 

Agencies 

. 

• 

: 

• • 

• • 

Lock & :Builders Hall-: 

ware Mfg. . 

• 

Loose Leaf Mfg. : 

: 

Luggage & Fancy • • 

Leather G<>ods • 

~ • 

• • 

Lye ~= Mfg. : 

• • 

Macaroni Mfg. z 

• • 

Machine Knife Assn. : 

Machine Tool : 

: 

Magazine & Periodical: 

Publishing : 

Malleable Iron Casting 

: 

. 

• 

. 

• 

:Hugb J, Rice, Greater : 

:Boston Live Poultry : 

:Slaughterhousemens Assn. : 

2,3,4, 6: :No date : :Local Assn. 

: 

:L.C.Snyder,Chicagp Poultry: : 

: :given J 

: 

::Soard : : 

2,3,4,5, 6:No date : 

3 : 8/16/33: 

2 : 8/17/33: . . • • 

• • 

• • 

. . 

• . 3. 6: 9/11/33: 

• . • . 2,3. 6: 8/28/33: 

~ •· • ~: • • 

3 I 8/26/33: 

: • • 

: z 

2,3. 6: 8/15/33: 

. • 

2,3. 6: • • 

• . • • 

2,3. 6: • • 

5' • • 8/5/33: 

: : 

3 ~' 8/23/33: 

: • • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

. 

• 

:Lithographers Natl. Assn. : 2/17/34: 2/26/34 

:.A..H.Baker,Natl Livestock 

:Exchange; C.A.Ewing, Natl 

:Livestock Mfg. Agency ; 

• • 

: : 

: C.H.Haren,K.C.Livestock 

:Exchange .. . . :No date :No documents :Geo,T.Kimbal1, Lock and 

:Builders Hdw. Mfg. Assn • 

:John w. Ogren,Loose Leaf : 

• :Mfg. Ind. • 

• • 

• • 

. • 

• • 

8/25/33: . 

• 

8/31/33: 

• • 

: 

• • 

• • 

• • 5/1/34: 5/14/34~ ~ 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

:L.Duncan Lloyd, Nat1 Lugg.: 

:& Leather Goods Mfg. Assn.: 

10/3/33 \o/13/33 cr . 

• 

=~ : : 

:H.R.Drackett, Lye Mfg. Assn 2/19/34: 3/6/34 

: : : 

:B.R.Jacobs, Natl.Macaroni 

:Mfrs. Assn. 

: • • 

: 1/29/34: 2/8/34 . . • • 

:Fab. Metal :Fred A Collinger,llachine 

:Prod.Ind.Code:Knife Assn. 

: 2/6/34: 2/16/34 

. • 

:Local Organi-:~.J.Brinkley,Machine Shop 

:zation :As~ of Pacific Northwest : 

I 

a 

: :J.M.Patterson,Hewa Syndi- . 

• 

: 

: 

9819 

i cate Co. , Inc. 

:Rebt.E.Belt,Malleable 

:Founders Assn. 

. . : : 

&11/27/33: 12/7/33 

• • .. • 
P.R.A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

Industr.v 

:Paragraphs 

: Affec t ed 

: D~e : 

:Jpproved:Rejected:With4rawn: Reason 

z Industr,r•s Authorized 

: Representative 

: Code : Do4e 

:Approved:Effective Malt lUg. 

Marine Underwriters 

(Modification) 

Marking Devices Mfg. 

Master Engravers Tr. 

Master Painters and 

Decorators of 

Richmond 

Mayonnaise 

Mea.t Packing 

Meat Packing 

Modification 

• • 

. 

• 

• • 

. . 

. • 

• • 

. 

• 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 

: 

. 

• 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

2 

2 -

3 • 

3. 

3.4, 

2,3,4, 

3 

Meat Packing & Allied: 2.3, 

Prod.. Machinery & 

Equipment Mfg. 

Meat Supply & Equip. 

MeChanical Lubricating 

• • 

: 8/30/33: : 

: 9/9/33: . • . • . • • 1/8/34: 

6: 8/11/33: 

• . • . 6: 8/31/33: . • . 

• 

• • • • . . • • 

6: 8/1/33: 

6: 8/1/33: 

: • • 

• • 

• • 

. 

• 

: 

. . 

• • 

: 

8/22/33: . • 

. 

• 

: 6/13/34:Modiii-

• :cation • • • 

:Extended: 

6/29/34: : 

7 /2/34= 

* 8/10/34: • • 

: 9/10/34: 

:10/10/34: • • 

:11/13/34: : 

:12/13/34: • • 

z 1/10/35: 

6: 9/6/33=· • • 

• • . 

• 9/12/33: 

: 

:No date l 

:M.J.Donnelly, }Jatl Malt 

:Products Assn • 

:J.T.Byrne, American Inst • 

:Marine Underwriters 

z 6/22/34: 7/9/34 

: 

. • 

• • : 

: : 

: 

• • • • 

• • • • 

:!.R.Swift, International :10/20/33:10/30/33 

:stamp Mfrs. Assn • 

:Geo.H..Phelps,Ma.ster Engr. : 

:Guild 

• • 

:Local organi-iBen Pillow, J$sn. Master 

:zation iPainters & Decorators - :Richmond,F.Fruk Jamee. 

• • 

• • 

. 

• 

• • 

• • 

: 

' : 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 

• • 

:Not indicated 

:J.G.Johnson, ~erican Inst: 

:.of Meat Packers : 

:Federal Surplus Relief : 

:Corp. : 

• • 

• • 

i 

: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 

: 

• • 

z 

: 

:Elliot Balestier,Jr. Meat : 

:Packing & Allied Prod,etc.: 

• • 

:Commercial :neWitt c. Reed, Natl Market 

:Refx·igerator :& Packers Supply As:>.L1. : 

:Code 

:Less than 

:1000 emp1 • 

9819 

::Not ind.icated 

• • 

• • 

a 

: 

3/21/34: 4/31/34 

• • 

. 

• 

: 

• • 

: 

a 

' I 

: 

: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: 

I 

1-' 

1-' 

t 
:ParagrR_Phs 

Industr,y Jifected 

Mechanical Packing a 2,3 

: 

Men 's Neckwear Mfg. a 3, 

Merchant Tailoring 

Me tal Lath Mfg. 

.. 

• • 

• • 

Metropolit an N. y, : 

Housewrecking : 

Metropolitan Mill, : 2 

Karina & Contr actor: 

Supplies Dist" : 

Metropolitan Pa+~t & : 

Wall Paper »$ ers : 

lk !ottle Crate Kfga 2 

z 

ilk Sugar Ufg. : 

I 

3 

3, 

Mill i.nery & Dress a 3 

Trimming, Braid 6 a 

ile : 

Milli nery Mfrs. and z 3 

Jobbers : 

Mirror Kfg, 

llop Jlfg, 

Mop & Pol ish Mfg. 

: 

: 

: 

: 

: 

I 

a 

Mop Sti ck Mfg. : 

Uo tor Fire Apparatus : 

3 

3 

3. .5 

3 

P.R.A. SUBSTITij~IONS 

: Date : : Industry• s Authorized : Code : Code 

:Approved;ReJected:Withdrawn: Reason : Representative :Approved:Effectiye 

a 9/15/33: : : :Geo. L1nk,J4echanical Pack-: 5/14/~: 5/24/34 

I I : Z : ing Assn. : : 

6a 8/24/331 a a &Jacob Roth, Men's Neckweara 3/24/~~ 4/2/~ 

a : : : :Mira. Inst. of ~er. Inc. : : 

:Not dated : : :K.B.Livesey,Jr.,Natl • .Aasn. i 7/31/~ : 8/l0/34 

: : : 

6: 8/25/33: : 

: : : 

6: 9/20/33: : 

: : : 

: 8/26/33: : 

: : : 

I : : 

6: I 9/6/331 

: : : 

:· . '1 I0[3/3S : 

: : l 

I 8/25/33: I 

: a a 

:No date : : 

i i 

: : : 

: z 10/5/33 : 

: : i 

: : 

: 8/17/33: 

: I 

6: 9/12/33~ 

: : 

: z 

6: S/24/ 33: 

a c 

c S/~/33& 

: 

: 

I 

: 

&. 

' I 

: 

: 

• • 

:So date 

a U(er. Tailors of .AJ:Qerica : : 

: :c.C.Spray,Metal Lath Kfg, : 3/l7/34t 3/26/34 

• • 

• • 

l 

: 

: 

:Retail Hdw. 

:Code 

:Leas than 

:1000 empl. 

a 

: 

:Assn. : : 

zN.L.Marks, N.Y.Hou.e- : : 

:wreckers Assn. : : 

:E.B.Hitchcock,Met, Kill l : 

:Marine & Contractors Inst.: s 

: : 

:L.L.Belleisen, Met. Paint : 

:& Well Paper Dealers Assn. 1 

:D.s.Hunter, KUk :Bottle : 

:Crate U!ra. Council a 

:B.T.!aldwin,Milk Sngar : 

:Inati~te, Inc. : 

• • 

: 

z 

' .... 

.... 

T 

• • :G.G.Ne1d1ch,M.&.D.Tr1mm. tl0/3l/33Zll/l0/33 

:». & T. Aaan. : : 

: : : ' 

:Local Assns. :E • .A.Holmea, Mllli ne17 Kfrs a : 

: :& Jobbers Assn. of Loa : 1 

: ZJJlf$81 ee : : 

: ::r.H.Hagemaun, Mirror Kfra.: : 

: i.Aean. : J 

: il~oth Stearnea, John J'ol97 1 (Bone 1D fUe) 

: ~Chaa.Ca&hman, U~p Ufra. il2/15/33al2/25/33 

I a»B11• I I 

a l·lf·.A.·:Babbi tt, Jlatl Mop and 1 : 

: :Polish Kfre. ,Pen. :. a 

a a • • :11/14/33&11/~/33 

:None indicat ed O.M.Oanter : ll/8/33: .11/9/33 

9819 
&Paragraphs : ~ate I 1 Code Code 

Indust 1 J:!fected I ·roved:Re ected:· ithdr :wn1 e on re ent tive 

Motor Hearse & Car • • : : 8/23 33: :Local Organi-:M1ChSel Oavan~ !rooklyn a 

Owners Assn. of • l . I • • :zation 1& Long Island Motor Kearse: : 

:Brooklyn & Long Is.: • • • • : • • : & Car .01mers .Aaen • • : • 

Mounting & Finishing r 2,3_. 6r 9/28/33: r • nr.N.Cklthrie, .Usn. of : • • 

' : ' • • : :Mounters & Fini•here : I 

Mu.tual Insurance I 2 I 9/6/331 I : :.A.. V • Grolm, .Aal• Ma.tual .Ul. I I 

: l I • l :~ed. of Mutual ~ire Ine~Cos. I • 

I : • • I I :Natl. A••• of J.u.tolllOti ve 1 I 

l I I : I :Mutual Ina. Cos., Jlai1.,Assn I 

I : I I l &Mutual Ineuraace Ooa. I I 

a I I : : I I I 

• : I I I I I I • 

Natural Ge.s 12,3,4.5,6.71 8/lll33: • I : I c • 

Newspaper & Magazine :1,2, 5 I 9/7l33r I I :M.W.Morr1ese.y, Batl. Ins. a l 

Distributing I : : : JBewepeper & Magazine Dis- 1 r 

a a I r a :tributors I I I 

~ 

Newspaper Printing I 3. 6a I 9/2S/33: :Not warranted.:C.B.Drenge, llewepaper I 3/5~34~ 3/15/34 r 

Press I : : : : &Printing Preas Bldra. Assna a 

N.Y. Stock Exchange ' 2, 4 : I : 8/29/33: Could not IR.E.Deaverm.ine, Council . I 11/4/33111/13/33 

: • : : a agree I I • • Nickel .Alloys l 2,3. 6aNo date l : I· aR.G.Fales, NiCkel ~loye : 5/24/34a 6/3/34 

• l I : a :usn., Inc. a I • 

Non-Ferrous Foundry I 2,3. 6a S/30/33: : : :N.K.PatCh, Non-Ferrous &12/18/33112/25/33 

Casting ' I ' a • :Foundry Assn. l • • Nop.-Ferrous Rot I 3. 6: 9/9/331 : : IF.R.FletCher, Non-Ferrous : 4/4/34: 4/14/34 

Water Tank Mfg. : • : : l :Rot Water Tank M!rs. Assn. 1 a • 

Non-Metropolitan :1,2,3,4,5,6a S/28/33: : a :Natl.Editorial Assn. : a 

PuP-Printing and :14 I • I : nr.D • .Allena K.F.:Baldridge, VP • • • 

Printing : : I I : IH.:S.Bntledge, Ex. Sec. : a 

Notion, Thread and I 6: 9/5/33: ' I &Harold M· Goldblatt : I 

Cotton Goods : • : I : I a ' • 

Novelty Curtain, : 2,3. 6: S/11/33: • : :H.Y.Curt, Representing a 11/1/33:11/11/33 • 

Drapery, :Bedspread • I a I I IAssociat~on I I • 

& Novelty Pillow Mfg : • r I I • : • • 

9819 
P.R.£. SUBSTITUTIONS 

;Paragraphs a Date a a Industry's Authorized I Code • Code • 

Industry a Affected :&~~roved;Rejected;Jitbdraw.na Re~!J!On Representative :APProved;Effective 

Office Building I 2,3. 5,6i 8/?.J./33: a I :Natl • .A,ssn.Building Owners • z • 

: : : z : • 1& Mfrs., L.B.Ermeling, l 

z I • I • :C.F.Palmer, Code Com. . • • • 

Ocean Pearl Button & z f z z 10/2/33 :No reply from:C.R.Martin, Ocean Pearl a z 

Novelty Mfrs. z a z a :Industry &Button & Nov. Kfrs. Assn. l z 

Office Equipment Mfg.a 2,3 a 8/12/33: • • :L.Stowell, Office Equip. ll/4/33al1/13/33 

• • z : s :Mfrs. Industry : z • • 

Oil :Burner a 2,3,4.5,6i 8/3/33! t • ~ iH.F.T~, American Oil : 9/18/33: 9/23/33 

l l i :Burner· Assn. : * Oleomargarine • 2,3. 6: 9/6/33i a i iA.K.Fisher, Oleomargarine I : • 

a i • i • iCouncll • • • • • • 

Olive Oil PaCking : 3 i 9/15/33i • i iDeWitt C.Reed, Olive Oil : • • • 

• * i i a :Packers Assn. of America a I • 'Optical : 2,3.4.5,6: 8/1/33: : • • :None given : 10/9/~:10/19/~ 

Optical Wholesale a 2,3. . 6: S/19/33: • • :G.A.Henry, Opt. Wholesalers 5/31/ : 8/11/ • • 

a z a i : :Code Com. : a 

Osteopathic a a z 9/30/33a &Not necessaryiL.L.Gourley, Osteopathic I : I 

~ 

z ' i : :for educa- :Profession a a ~ 

--.) 

I i I : :tional inst. i : ' I 

Outdoor Advertising I 2,3. 6: 9/9/33& : : iH.E.Fisk, Outdoor .M.v • .Usn 2/24/34: 3/6/34 

a a i i iof America I • • 

OJtY-.A.cetylene lUg. : 2,3. 6: 9/13/33& I ' iJno.R.Gobey, Natl. Oxygen :12/15/33:12/18/33 

• : : ' : i& Acet,ylene Assn. : : • 

Oyster Growers and I 3. 6iNo date i I I aH.W.BeaCh, Oyster Growers I I 

Dealers a a I I I a& Dealers Assn.of Am.,Inc.a I 

Oyster Shell Cru.shersa 3. 6: 8/24/33a I : :D.G.Evans, Oyster Shell : 6/2/34: 6/11/34 

a a a I : aCru.shers Assn. : : 

I I I I a I I : 

I • a I I I I z 

Pacific Coast Dried I 2,3.4. 6, 8/15/33i I a &D.L:Gr.,Paeific Coast : 1/26/35& 

Fruit ' I I I I &Dried Frci t Ind. I : 

9819 
P.R•A• SUBSTITUTIONS 

:Paragraphs • • Da.te : • • Industry's Authorized . 

. Code • Ca.de • Indust~ I _Af;(~Qt~d :~rQY~d:R~j~Qted;~ith~~awn: ~a~ on R~resent~tive :Approved:Effective Package Cereal Food 2,3 8/19/33: • • • • :C.L. Connor, Package Cereal: 

Mfg. • ,. • :Food Industry • • • : 

Package Medicine 3. 6: 8/5/33 : • •· • • :F.A.B1air,The Proprietary : 5/15/34: 5/28/34 

• • a :Assn. of Am.,J.M.Euring, : : 

• • : • • $ • :Pr United Med.Mfrs. of Am.: • • Pac~ging Machinery 2,3, 6 9/9/33: • : :W.J.Donald, Packaging • :10/31/33:11/11/33 

Mfg. • • • • z • • :Machinery Mfrs. Inst. • • a 

Paint,Varnish and • 2,3,4,5,6 8/1/33: • • :Jun.Paint & Var. Assn. Inc. • • • :10/31/33:11/15/33 

Lacquer Mfg. • • : • :Natl.Paint,Oil, Var.Assn In: • • • • • 

Paperboard Mfg. • 3 8/4/33= • • • : :w.P.Jeffery,Natl Paperboard 11/8/33:11/20/33 

• • • • : :Assn. : : 

Paper Box Mfg. : 3. 6 8/3/33 : • • • • :Not indicated :12/30/~: 1/B/34 

Paper Disc Milk • 3 • 8/26/33: • • • • • • :G.J.Lincoln,Jr.,Disc Bottle 2/1/ : 2/12/34 

Bottle Ca;p : • • i • :Cap Industry • • • . • • • • Paper Distributing : 2, 6: B/24/33: iJ.K.Javitz,Paper Dist.Tr. :12/23/33: 1/1/34 

Paper Dress Patterns • 3 8/24/33: • :Lee El1maker,Paper Dress • • I • • • • t-' 

: • : • :Pattern Industry • • t-' • • • • 

Paper Napkin Mfg. . 3 • B/29/33: • :G.J.Linco1n,Jr. P~er • : f • • • • 

• • : • iNapkin Industry : • • • • • 

Paper & Pulp Mfg. : 3, 6: B/11/33: :S.L.Willson, Jmerican Pap.:ll/17/33:11/27/33 

: : • • :·& Pulp Assn • • ' • • • 

Parking : 2,3 • • B/28/~3: : :w.c.Dorutge,Internatl. : 12/7/33:12/11/33 

• • :Garage Assn • • • • • • • 

Peanut Butter : 2,3 : 9/27/33: • • :w.F.L.Tuttle,Natl Peanut a 4/4/34: 4/14/34 

: I : • : :Butter Institute • : • 

Peanut : 3. 6: • 8/17/33: :Wage rates :H.C.Smithers, J.F.Pumer ' : ~ 

I • • :too low :Va. Carolina Peanut Assn. a I • • 

• : : • :Southeastern Peanut Assn. : : • • 

Pecan Shelling • 3. 6: 8/26/33: . • • :E.M.Priusten,Natl Pecan. ~10/23/34:10/29/34 • • • : • :Shellers Assn • : : • • .. • 

Pearl Button .z a iNo date : :No reason :w.P.FiCkett, Natl. Assn. : • • 

• : • : :stated :Button Mfrs. : • • • • 

Perforated Metal Mfrs: 2,3. 6~ : 9/8/33: :Sig11 straight:J.R.Worsford,Perforated I : 

• 

• • .. :PRA :Metal Mfrs. Assn. : • 

• • • • 

9819 
P,R.,A. SU:SSTITtJTIONS 

:Paragraphs : Date : Industry's AJ.ltborized a Code : 

___ _lnd)ls try : Affected : Jtm1r~o..l,.y~ed~: R~e~j~e~c~t~AA~:IUW~.:iut~hd=:.t:.ralill.:vm=:!.-.-.--it.I~~~-.L---.::R:=.c.:r=-::e:::.!s:.:e::::n:..::t.=a~ti=-v::..::e~--:..111: llil::..l1;.:..=...;,.=.t::..:..::=-=.-=-::...::.=..~ 

Perfumes, Cosmetics 3, 6: 8/24/33: z : :C.S. Welch, Assoc. Mfrs. of: 

& Toilet Preparations a : : a :Toilet Articles 

Personal Finances Co 1 s. 2 ' 9/15/33: : :E.F.Fowler, Amer. Assn. of: 

: : : :Personal Finance Companies: : 

Petroleum Equipment 2,),4,5,6: : :No date No reason :w.L.Childs, Amer. Pet. 11/2/33&11/13/33 

Supplies : : : : :Equipment Suppliers Assn. : : 

Petroleum Industry :2,3,4,5,6, 7: 8/8/33: : :None given : 8/19/33: 9/2/33 

Pha.raceutical and : 2,3 : 8/17/33: : :H. W.Bigelow, Carson P. :10/25/34: 11/5/34 

Biological Products: : : :Frailey ,American Drug Mfrs: : 

Mfg. : ~ :Assn. & Amer.Phar.Mfrs.Assn : 

Photo-Finishing 3, 5,6: 8/30/33: : : zC.G.Chase,Photo Finishers : 3/23/34: 4/2/34 

Photo graphic Mfg. 

Piano Mfg. 

Pi&..le Packers 

• • 

: 

. . • • 

2,3,4.5,6: 8/4/33: 

2p3 :No date : 

: . 

• 2,3,4, 6: 8/18/33: 

• 

3.4 .• 

• • • • . 

: 

• • 

. . 9/30/33: 

• 

: 

a 

. 

• 

• • 

:Institute of America : 

:Not given 8/19/33: 8/29/33 

:Lucien Wulsing. Natl Piano: 11/4/33:11/13/33 

:Mfrs. Assn. of America : : 

:F.Q.Brown, Natl Pickle : 10/4/34:10/15/34 :Packe~s Assn. : 

Picture Moulding & :Not warranted:H.E.Leichenger,Picture 1/16/34: 1/29/34 

Fr3J1le Mfrs. 

Pipe Line Contractors: 2,3,4, . 6: • • 

• • 

. 10/9/33: 

: :Moulding & Fr. Mfrs. Assn.: : 

:Lack of :G. E. Matt, usoc. Pipe Line: : 

:Statistics :Contractors of America a : 

:A.D.Berless, Natl. Assn. 1/23/34: 

I 

t-J 

t-J 

U) 

Pipe (Smoking) Mfg. 

Playing Marble 

• • 

: 

Porcelain Enameling ~ 

• • 

Portland Cement Mfg. a 

Portrait 

Poultry Equip. Mfg. 

Prepared Mustard • • 

3 

2,3. 

3. 

2,3, 

3. 

3 

: 8/17/33: 

: 

6: • • 

• • 

8/12/33: 

• • • • 

6: 8/30/33: 

' • 

• • 

9/9/33: 

. 

• 6· • : 10/9/33: . . • • 

6: 9/25/33: 

: : 

6: 9/7/33: 

9/30/33: 

:Mfrs. Smoking Pipes : 

2/2/34 

:Not warranted:C.C.Grimmet, Natl Pl~ing 

:Marble Assn. : 

:R.W.Staud, Porcelain Enam.: 3/31/34: 4/9/34 

:Ins ti tu. te, Inc. z 

:C.F.Conn, Portland Cement :11/27/33: 12/7/33 

:Industry : 

:Not warr<:!..nted:M.E.'Macdonald, Natl Portr.: 

• • 

. 

• 

:Assn. : 

:H.L.Ashworth,Poultry Equip: 

!Assn. 

. 

• 

:J.S.Val en tine, Powder Puff: 1/17/34: 1/27/34 

:Mfrs. Assn. 

:W.F.L.Tuttle, Prep. Must. : 

:Itfrs. Assn • 

I 
Pal·agraphe: Date Indust~;'s Authorized Code Code 

Industry Affected :Approved;Rejected;Withdrawn: Resson 

2, ~. 6: : 8/24/33: :Not given 

: Reuresent~t~i~v~e~--~~~~)~p~r~o~v~ed~:uEcf~f~e~c~t1~v~e 

Preserved Foliage and: 

Wreath 

Preserves & Mince 

Meat Mfg. 

Pretzel Mfg. 

Printing Equipment 

Printing : 

Printers League sec. 

of N.Y. Employing 

Printers Assn. 

Printing Ink Mfg. 

Public Seating 

~icksilver Producers: 

: 

3, 

3, 

3 

3 

3. 

• • 

6: 

• • 

6: . . 

• • 

• • 

7: 

• • 

6: 

: 

. 

• 

8/25/33: 

I 

.8/23/33J 

• • 

8/2/33: 

8/3/33: 

• • 

9/7/33: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

8/23/33: 

. • 

z ~ilting a a 9/19/33: 

Radio Indus tr.y 

Radio Broadcasting 

: • • 

a : : 

: : * 

&2,3,4,5,6,7:No date : 

3,4 t 8/31/33: 

a • : • 

• • 

: 

: 

1 

: 

1U4lroad Tie • a I No • date a 

R.R.Special Track 

Equipment 

: 

a 2,3. 

i 

6: 

: 

• • • • 

10/ 2/ 33: 

: 

:Fred Henoch, Industr.y : t 

:D.R.Forbes, Natl. Preserves : 

:Assn. : : 

: :.Geo. H. Becker, Natl : 8/11/34: 8/27/34 

: :Pretzel Mfrs. Assn. : : 

:Not warranted:J.E.Bennet, Printing Equip: 2/2/34: 2/17/34 

: :Assn. : : 

:Not indicated 

• • 

:F.A.Silcox, Printers 

:Leagu,e Union : : 

• • 

:A.W.Chanully, Natl Assn. : 3/16/34: 3/26/34 

: :Printers Ink Makers, -Inc. : a 

:Not warranted:J.H.Nelson, Trade Practice: 7/10/34: 7/23/34 

:Com. Public Seating Ind. a : 

:Recommended :C.H.Rohrbach, Hydraulic :10/11/33 al0/23/33 

1 :sign.PRA :Institute : a ~ 

. 

• 

:Lese than 

:employees 

: 

• • 

:J.F.Callbreath, Natl. : 

:Q;u.ick:silver Producers Assn: 

500zEenjamin Kirsh, QM11ting : 

:Mfrs. Institute 

: 

: • • 

: 

3/21/34: 3/31/34 

: 

1/23/34: 2/2/34 

: :Not given : : 

:P.G.Louchs, Natl. Assn. 

:Broadcasters 

:E.N.Johnson,Rai1road Tie 

offl1/27/33:12/11/33 

: : 

i iAssociation 

:Not warranted:Jgbn Link,Jr. R.R.Special : 

t :Track Equipment Industry a 

: 

: 

4/6/34: 4/6/34 

: 

I 
: Paragraphs: Date z Ind.ustryts .Authorized : Code z Code 

Industry a Affected U;pproved;Rejected;Withd.rawn: Reason ; Repreeentative I,Approved.:Ef!ective 

Railroad & Transport-: 2,3, 6: : 9/13/331 :Could not :Railroad & Transportation : a 

at ion Concessione 3 z : Z a agree : Concessionaries .Alsen. : a 

Railway Car : 2,3,4, 6: a 10/2/33: &Not warranted:W.C.Tabbert, Amer. Bailwaya 2/16/34: 2/21/34 

a _ : 1 z : :Car Ins ti tu te : : 

Rainwear t 2,3, 6: : : 9/15/33 :Wait for code:Fred Monoeeon, Natl Rain- :12/15/33:12/25/33 : : : Z I Swear A!ssn. : l 

Raw Cotton Trade : 2,3, 6: 9/29/33: a : :J.W.Garron, J.Jner. Cotton a : 

a : a Z :Shippers Aesn.& Chairman, a : 

: : : z : :Oonf. of Raw Cotton Trade : z 

Rayon Weaving (natl.):2,3,4,5,6,7: No date: a a :Not indicated 1 : 

R2yon & Synthetic :2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7: 8/1/33: a : &Not indicated : 8/26/33 z 9/9/33 

Yarn : I I I : 

Real Estate : 2,3,4,5 : : 9/5/33: &Hours too aw.C.Miller, Natl • .A.nsn. of: 4/9/34: 4/19/34 

: I a :long a Real Ee tate Boards : I 

Refractories : 3, 6: 8/12/33: z zR.~HutChine, Am. Refr.Ins&l2/18/3):12/28/33 

Retail Coal Merchants:1,2,3,4,5,6: No date: : : z : 2/14/34: 2/26/34 

Retail Dr,y Goods Dept: 2, 4,5 : 7/31/33: z z : &10/21/33:10/30/33 

Spec.Shop, Mail : : : Z : : : : ~ 

Order,Menls Clothing : : : z a a z ~ 

& Furnishings : I I & Z : I 

Refrigerating Machinery 2,3 z 9/30/33 : : &F.D. Stevens, Ref. Mach • .A.esn 7/30/34& 8/9/34 

Reinforcin6 Materials: 2, 6: 8/30/33 : : :R.W.Johnson, Concrete Rein~ll/27/33:12/11/33 

Fabricating : : a I :forcing Steel Insti tu.te J 

Rendering : 2,3, 6: 9/30/33: :Lack of in- &Geo.Links, Code Com. : : 

: : : :formation :Rendering Industry : : 

Restaurant 2, 5 :No date : ;F.A.Simonsen, Natl. Reet. a 2/16/34: 2/26/34 

Retail Automotive : 

Maintenance : 

Retail Automotive & : 

Garage Industry 

• • Retail Confectioners : 

2 

2 

: 

6: 9/11/33: . . • • 

: z 

: : 

:No date : 

• • 

• • 

: 9/14/33 

• • 

• • 

• • 

: :Assn. a 

: :Don Kerr, Natl. Automotive: 

: :Maintenance Assn. : 

:Not warranted:G.E.Keneipp,Emergency Natl& 

: :Com. ,Natl. Automotive : 

: :Maintenance & Ge.rage Ind. : 

: :Anderson Pace, Assoc.Retail 

: :Col1Bctionere of U.s. : 

• • 

• • 

I 

: 

• • 
P.R!AI SUBSTITUTION§ 

:Paragraphs l J2a:!ce • • : Industry •s Authorized : Code : Code 

Indy,ata: : Afiec~ed iAB~~QI!~ejec~ed ali thd~am:u ;sei!.§On ; R!mrese;g.~&tive :Agp~gx~ iff1Qt1XI Retail Feed Distr. : 2 : 8/23/33: • • : :R.M.Field, Natl. Fed. Feed: : 

: • : : : :Associations • • • • • Retail Fruita & Vege-: 2, 4,5 : 9/6/33: • • : :J.A.Hudson, Natl. Retail : : 

tables • • : : : :Frt.& Veg. Dealere ~sn.Inc : • • 

Retail Drug Trade : 2, 5 : 8/15/33: • . • • :J. W .Dargavel, Natl.Aesn. :10/21/33&10/30/33 

: I : : • :Retail Druggists z • • • 

1tetail Jewelcy :2,3,4.5,6.7: 8/8/33: : :Edward Krehb rel, .Aln• N a tl. ill/27/33il2/ll/33 

: • . • • t • :Retail Jewelers Assn. • • • • • 

Retail Lumber Products 3. 6r S/l/.38 : • • • • :~ Nat'l Retail : 10/3/33:10/13/33 

Bldg. Ma.t. & Bldg. t . • i : :Lumber· Dealers Assoc. • • : i 

Special ties • a • : : z I • • • • 

Retail Optical : 2,3. 6: 9/7/33: : • • iDr.J.s.st~sy, Retail Opt.i 6/4/~: 6/8/Y.,. 

: : : • i :of America • • • • • 

Retail Tobacco Dealers 2 ·a 9/30/33: : i :s.s.Perr,y, Retail Tobacco : 6/19/34: 6/19/34 

' z z • • i :Dealers of .AJ:nerica . • • • 

Ribbon & Notion Novelt,y 3 : 8/21/33: : • :H.T.Vorhis, Ribbon & Notion : • I • : : z :Novelty Div.Natl.Not.Assn.: t-.J • 

Rice Milling 2,3, 6:No date : : • :w.M.Reid,F.Ae Goodchau.x, • • N : • • • ~ : : • • : iG.E.Bromeard,Com. Rep. * : • • 

: : : • : :Southern Rice Milling : : • 

Robe Mfg. : 3 • 8/19/33: . ' :Roseman Weil 1 Golshel & z 1/16/34: 1/29/34 • • 

: : • • : :\Vangs Robe Ind.Assn. of .Alnl • • • • 

Roller & Silfm t Chain a 2,3 : 9/19/33: : • :F.D.Stevene, Roller & Silent 7/5/~: 7/16/34 • 

U:fg. : I : :Chain Industcy : : 

: a : : : : : : 

: • . • • • • • • • • • • 

Saddlery : 3. 6: 9/25/33: : • :W~e Duiemore,Saddleryind: 10/3/33:10/13/33 • 

Safety Razor & Blade : 3. 6: 8/17/33: . 

• : :H.H.Sleidel.Natl. Aesn. : 7/21/~: 7/31/34 

Mfg. : • :Safety Razor & Blade Mfrs.: l • 

Sample Card Mf g;. 2,3. 6: 9/12/33: . 

• : :Alexander SChwartz,Sample • • 2/19/34: 3/5/34 

:. : : : :Card Mfrs. Assn., Inc. : : 

Sanitary Napkin and • 2,3. "6: • 10/2/33 :No response :w.F.Becker, Sanitary Nap. • 1/12/34: 1/19/34 • • • 

Cleansing Tis~e : : :from Ind. :& Cleansing Tis~e Aesn. : : 

9813 
:Paragraphs : Date Industry ' s Authori zed Code Code 

__ ...;;.I . .=n.=du=-st.:.:I7:.~~~------...:-=Af;;:;.:r;::.,..:-~e_gted _ :Ap-proved.;Rejected.JJ'[! thflrawn:_ _ ~=a=so=n"--~ ___ _ R~rE!_S~!l}_atiy-=.e ___ _:j..uproved;;mffecti ve 

Sanitary Wiping Cloth: 2,3, 6: 9/7/33: Z : :E.D.Szold,Sanitary Inst. 

: : : : of .America 

Sash Weight . 

• 6: :No date : :No reason :W.J.Parker,Sash Weight 

Sausage Casing Mfg. t 

Saw Service 

• • 

3 

: : 

6: 8/12/33: 

. 

• 

. 

• 

8/30/33: 

• • 

. • 

Sav1 & Steel Prod.Mfg.: 2,3,4,5,6: 8/8/33: 

Scientific Apparatus 3 8/17/33: 

Schiffli & Hand : 

Machine Embroidery : 

&,.chool Suppl ies 

Scrap Iron & Steel , 

Screen Mfg. 

secondary Aluminum 

& its .Alloys Mfg. 

Seafood 

Seed Trade 

(Modification) 

Sewing Machine Mfg. 

: 

• • 

: 

• • 

• • 

• • 

. 

• 

2,3, 

2, 

z 2,3. 

' : 2, 

: 2,3, 

• • 

Sheet Metal Dietr. ' 2,3, 

: 

Sheet Rubber & Related 2,3, 

Sundries Mfg. : 

Stleet Steel Farm Equip. 2,3, 

: 

• • . 

• • • 

:No date 

• • 

• • : * 6: 

• • 

• • • • 

6: 8/22/33: 

• • 

6· • 

9/18/33: 

: 

• • 

• • 

S/25/33: 

• • • • • • 

6: 8/19/33: 

• • • • 

a : 8/23/33: 

: : 

6a 8/25/33: 

: : 

5 &12/27/33: 5,6~No date : 

• • • • 

6: S/16/33: 

I I 

6: S/ /33& 

: 

_6: 9/25/33: 

• • 

: 

: 

. 

• 

. 

• 

:Assn., Inc. 

:E.Balestier,Jr. Natl • 

:Sausage Casing Dealers Assn 

:J.W.Grant, United Saw : 

:Service Assn. : : 

• • :Wm.D.Disston, Saw Mfrs.Assn 2/10/34: 2/20/34 

:E.B.Lent,Scientific Apparatll/14/33:11/27/33 

: :tus Makers of America : 

:Not stated :Ernest Mossman, Emb.Mfre. 2/2/34: 2/12/34 

:Protective Assn., also Hand 

z :Machine Emb. Assn. : 

SWages & hourszJ.w.McClinton, Natl.School: 7/5/34: 7/15/34 

:unsatisfac- :Supply Assn. : 

:tory : : z 

• • :Benjamin Schwartz, Inet. 

:of Scrap Iron & Steel 

:Not warranted:W.N.Guthrie,Natl.Screen 

: 3/12/34: 3/26/34~ • • (\J • • (.;! 

: :Institute 

:11/14/33:11/27/33 I 

: 

: :R.D.T.Hollowell,·Aluminum & 

: :Research Institute : 

:Not a natl. :C.R.Nail,Sea Food Induetr.y: 

:organization :of State of Louisiana : 

1 :A.B. Clark, .American Seed : 

: :Trade Assn. 

z 

: 

• • 

• • 

' : 

:M.C.Lightner, Sewing Maeh.: 

:Trade AsBll • 

&H.R.Ryanhart, Natl. Assn. : 

:Sheet Metal Wor~rs : \ 

:R.s.crawford, Sheet Rubber: 

2/8/34: 2/22/34 

• • 

; 

2/2/35: 

z 

z 

4/21/34: 4/30/34 

: 

7/27/34a 8/6/34 . 

• 

• • 

:Sundries Mfrs. Assn. : 

• • 

9~19 

aH.L.Ashworth,Sheet Steel : 7/26/33: 8/5/33 

:Farm Equip. Assn • 
P,R•A• SQBSTITQTIONS 

:Parao.ooraphs Date • • Industry's Authorized I Code • Code • 

Industry : .Affected ~~~rovedi~ejected:i1tbdr&w.n; Reason ' itmresen_ta tiye IAP~royed;Effectiye 

Ship Building and ' I • :No date : :Not an NRA I • : • • 

Ship Repairing • • :matter • • • • • • • • 

Shoe Lace & Braid Mfg: 2,3, 6: 9/30/33& • :E.H.Gannt, Shoe Lace and : • 

• . • : :Braid Institute • : • • • • 

Shoe Last Mfg. : 3. 6: 8/28/33: : :H.B.Cauby, ~erican Last : 4/23/?)4.: 5/7/34 

: • • . • :Assn • • • • • • • • • 

Shoe & Leather Finishes 3 : 9/29/33: . : :c.L.Hanghawa¥1 Assn. of il2/30/33: 1/S/34 • 

and Cements Mfg. • • • :Shoe & Leather Fin. & Cem.: : • . • 

Shoe Machinery Mfg. • 2,3. 6: 9/8/33: • : :J .B. Schwartz Shoe Mach • • 4/6/34: 4/16/34 • • • 

• • • • :Insti tu.te • s • • • • • 

Shoe Polish Mfg. 2,3. 6: 8/30/33i • • iQ.R.Lindsley,Shoe Polish i • • • • 

• • • i:i:nsti tute • i • • • • 

Shoe Repairing, Hat : 2, 7: : 8/29/33: iLocal organi-iA.W.Mazzarella, for Indus.i i 

Cleaning & BootblaCk • • . :zation • : i • • • • 

Shoe Shank : 3. 6: ' 9/8/33: :Wages too low:Shoe Shank Mfra. Ind. by ' 2/21/34z 3/3/34 

: :Scoviell,Wellington & Co. : • • 

Shoulder Pad : :No date i :Lees than tNot given l 2/5/34: 2/15/34 • 

• • • :1000 empl • : • • I 

• • • • . ~ 

Shower Curtain Mfg. : 3. 6: 9/28j33: • iJ.Dash, Natl. Assn. Showeri : t • 

: • • • :Curtain Mfrs. ' & ' • • • 

Shovel,Dragline and z 2,3. 6: 8/16/33: . iL.E.Houston, Shovel Dr&@- i 11/8/33:11/20/33 • 

Crane Mfg. : • iline & Crane Industry :' • • • 

Shower Door 3 • 9/9/33: :Local Ae.~n. :L.L.Balleisen, Natl. I 5/19/34: 5/29/34 • 

• . • . • :Shower Door Mfg. Assn. : ' • • • • • 

Silo Mfg. • 2,3. 6: 9/13/33: : :z.w.crame, Natl. Silo Ufrsa • 

• : :As an. : : • 

Silverware Mfg. : 2,3 9/12/33& :Alexander Vincent, Silver-:12/23/33:12/25/33 

: : : : :ware Mfrs. Institate : z 

Slide Fastener Mfg. • 2,3. 6: 8/25/33& a & :w.C.Artbur, Code Com.Slidei 1/31/?)4.: 2/12/34 • 

: I : : :Fastener Mfrs. Assn. of ~: : 

Slit Fabric Mfg. • 3. 6: 8/19/33t I I : :I.H.Friedman, Batl. Assn • . :· 1/16/34: 1/29/34 • 

I I : : : &Slit Fabric Kfrs. : ' Soap & Glycerine Mfg.& 2,3, 6: 8f30/33: : : :R.R.Denpree,J.S.Qoldbaum,Sec. ' 

: : :R. C.Edlund,Assn. of .Amer. : 11/2/33:11/13/33 

: . • • :Soap & Glycerine Prod,Inc.a • • • : 

981a 
~.R.Jt.. SUBSTITUTIONS 

:Paragraphs : Date • ! I Industry's Authorized z Code • Code • 

lnd:c.§iir:i: : A:ffected IARDroved:Rejectedziithdr~wn; ;ReA@ on Representative ;~roved:Effectiv 

Soda Water Flavoring : 3 z 8/24/33: :J.S.Hall, Natl. Mfrs. Soda: z 

Mfg. : : I : :Water Flavors : • 

Soft Drinks • 2,3 • 9/5/33: 0 ' :W.Parker Jones, ~er • 6/7/34: 6/18/34 • • • 

• l • l :Bottlers of Carbonated : : • I 

: • • :Beverages a z • • 

Solid Section Steel s 3 • 8/28/33: . ' :R.HoSartor of Industry t : • • 

Window Mfg. z • • • • : : • • • • 

Southern Fisheries • 3. 6: : 8/29/33: :Local Assn. :G.H.Dieter, Southern : J • 

I 0 • : ' :Fisheries Assn. l I • • • 

Southern Plow Goods l 3,4, 6: :No date :Not stated :G.S.Hooper, Southern Plow I : 

• l : a :Mfrs. Assn • : • ( 

Soybean Oil Mfg. : 2,3. 6: • 9/28/33: :Lees tlwl :w.H.Eastman, Natl. Soybean: • • • 

: : I I 4000 empl. :Oil Mfrs. Assn. • • 

Specialty Accounting : 2,3. 6: 8/25/33: : I so.L.Moore, Natlo Assn.Specl 5/17/34: 5/27j34 

Su.pp ly M:f g. • : • : a :Accounting Supply Mfrs • : I • • 

Spice Mfg. : 3. 6: 8/17/33: I I :P.O.Dietsch, American ' 5/11/34: 5/2J./34 ~ 

. a z a I * :$pice Trade Assn. I : ~ 

Spray Painting Equip. 1 2,3,4, 6: I 10/2/33: :Les·s tlwl :wm. J .Pitt, Na tl. SprQY Z 4/19/34: 4/29/34 I 

I I ' • 11000 empl. :Painting & Finishing Ind. l • 

Standa;-dized Shop : 3. 6: 8/19/33: I I aN.R.Seidle, Standardized I : 

Assembled Metal Tank I : :Shop u. Metal Tank Ind. a • 

Mfg~ z 

• 

I • • I • . • • • 0 • 

Stationery,Tablet & I 3. 6: 8/28/331 I l zH.w.selby, Mfrs. of Indue.al2/30/33: 1/8/34 

School Paper Mfg. • I : I : I I : • 

Stationery (Wholesale) 2, 6: 9/10/331 I : aH.C.Whittemore,Wholeeale a 4/21/341 

I 

: : • : : :Stationers ~an. of u.s.A.: a • 

Stay Mfrs. s 2,3. 6: : a 8/29/33 a Su.bmi ~ new JP.S.Vaitees,Pree., Natl. a 2/26/Y+a 3/8/34 

a : : • asubstitu.tion aAesn. Stay Ufrs • a • • • 

Steam Solvent Naval 2,3, : 9/30/331 t : :J.W.Cooper, Steam Solven~ a a 

Stores Mfg. 2 : z : a :Naval Stores Ufre. Inet. a I 

Stearic Acid a 2,3 I 9/12/33: : a :L.B.Platt, Natl. Stearic I a 

: • : a a U.cid Assn. ~ I 

• 

Steel & Copper Plate a 3. 6: 9/12/33: : aThe.~Isert,Code Com. En- : 2/17/34: 2/26/34 

Engraving a : : a • :graved Sta~ionery Yfre.usn : • 

9819 
Indust 

Steel Plate Fabric~ 

ting 

: 3 

Steel Tubular & Fire-: 

box Boiler Mfg. : 

Steel Warehouse 

Steel wool 

Stereotype Dry Mat 

Stocky'ards 

• • 

: 

: 

• • 

• • 

: 

Stock Exchange Firms : 

Stone E~ipment and 

Supply 

Stonewear Mfg. 

• • 

2, 

3 

• • 

: 

6: No date 

: 

6: 2/18/33 

: 

• • 

• • 

8/23/33: . 

• 

5 : 8/18/33: 

• • 

: : 

6: 9/12/33: . 

• 

P.R.A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

• • 

: 

• • 

: 

• • 

10/2/33: 

• • 

• • 

. 

• 

9/5/33i 

• • 

z Industr.yrs Authorized z Code : Code 

n • resent tive 

• • 

: 

: 

• • 

• • 

iLess tb2n 

:1000 empl. 

i 

:w.r.Perkins, steel Pla te 

&Fabricators Assn. : : 

IR.L.Chorlts, Steal. Heating :10/23/33: 11/6/33 

:Boiler Institute : : 

:H.R.Binehart, Steel Ware- : : 

:housing Industry a : 

:crosby Field, Committee i 2/28/34: 4/10/34 :o~ganizing Steel Wool Mfrei : 

iAssn. i 1 

:n.w.corbin,u.s.stereotype i 7/27/34: 8/6/34 

tDry Mat Induatry i i 

:w.H.SChellburg i a 

No date iNone given i None indicated i 11/4/33:11/13/33 

:Insufficient iJ.J.Walsh, Allied Stone : i 

idata :Equip. & Supply Ind. : I 

: :n.w.corbin, Natl Stoneweari 3/8/34: 3/23/34 

: iMfrs •. Aeen. : I ~ 

Stora e & Moving }, 6: :No date : :Local and iH.E.Podlich, Code Com. i 4/19/34: 4/30/34tcla 

Structural Clay Prod.: 3, 

Structur~l Steel and 

Iron F&~ricating 

Sulphuric Acid 

Surgical Instruments 

. 

• 

3,6,12 

:All p<:.ra-

:graphe 

: 3 

Surgical Trade Assn. : 2 

Retail 

Syrup & Molasses 

Taxicab 

• • 

• • 

• • 

2,3 

2,3 

6: ~ o d. ate: 

: 

: 12/7/33: 

: 

: 8/3/33: 

: : 

: 9/25/33& 

• • 

• • 

• • 

:state organi-·:Maryland Fur. Warehee.Aesnz z I 

:zation iP.B.Belden,Stru.ctural Clayill/27/33: 12/7/33 

: :Products Ind. : : 

: :c.G.Conley for the Industry 7/11/34: 

: 

: 

:A.L.Faubel,Wholeeale Surg.: : 

:Trade Aeen. I : 

: : 8/29/33 :Retail Code :Fred B. Hovey, Amer. 

:Trade Assn. 

Surg. i 

I 

Syrup I 

• • 

• • • • 

:10/11/33: 

: 

: 

• • 

. 

• 

. 

• 

: 8/21/33: 

• • 

: :oscar A· Saar, Natl 

:and Molasses Assn. : 

z 

: 

:Not warranted :WoW o Cloud, J. G. Williams, 1 

:Natl. Assn. Taxicab Owners: 

: 

: 

• • 

I 

• • 
;pate Industry's Authorized Code Code 

Industry 

~~ble Oil Cloth Mfg. 

:Paragraphs 

: .A:ifected 

2,3 

;£pproved;Rejected:Withdrawn: 

9/12/33: 

Rea~ on _1___ Repre sel_ ta ti ve ___ ~~r=,.;o:::...v~e=i=d~·.=!E::.f.:,.f.=.ec::..t.:;.:i~vw.e:..... 

:R.V.Wilcox, Table Oilcloth: 2/2/34: 2/12/ 

' 

Tag Mfg. 

Tanners 

• • 

a 

3. 

2,3, 

• • • • 

6: 3/22/33: 

6: 8/17/33: . • 

Tanning Extract Mfg. : 3 z 8/25/33: . . • • 

Tea Indus try 6: 8/25/33: . . . • • • 

Telegraphic Communi- :2,3,4,5,6,7: 8/30/33: 

cations 

Modification 

Telephone Companies 

Terra Cotta 

Textbook Publishers 

Telephone Mfg. 

Terminal Elevator 

Grain 

Textile Distributing 

Textile Proce~sing 

: 

: 

• • . . 

• • 

: 2,3.4 :12/26/33: 

: ~ 2,3,4,5,6: 8/11/33: 

2,3 : 9/30/33: 

. 

• 

• • 

: • • 

• 2 • :No • • 

• • • • 

:2,3,4,5,6,7: 8/ /33 

• • 

2,3,4, 6: 8/ /33: . . • • 2,3 9/20/33: 

• • 

2,3 9/6/33: . • . • • • 

date : 

z 

Throwing Indus try 3. 6: : 8/11/33: 

• • • • • • • • 

Tire Dealers 2,3, 6: :No date : 

• • • • 

Tire Patch Mfrs. : 3 : . 

• 

: • • • • 

:Mfrs. Assn. : 

:F.N.Baxter, Tag Mfrs. Inst: 2/1/34: 2/12/34 

:Fraser McMoffal, Tanners 

:Council of America 

:Alan G. Goldsmith, .Amer. 

:Tarming Ex. Mfrs. Assn. : 

:J.Graham Wright, Code Com.: 

:Tea Industry 

:R.B.Vfhite , Western Union 

:Geo.G.Gibbs, Pr. Postal 

:Howard L.Kern, Commercial : 

:Cable Co. 

. . 3/29/34: 

:Not given : : 

4/9/34 

:Approved but :R.F.Dalton, Code Com., 

:withdrawn be-zR.L.Ketcham, Natl. Terra 

:cause of fail-fCotta Mfrs. Assn .. 

:10/31/33;11/13/33 

: : 

:ure of Ind • 

:to accept 

• • 

• • 

:Not warranted: Geo.L.Buck, Natl. Text-

: :book Publishers Council 

. 

• 

;F.B.MacKinnon,u.s.Indep • 

:Tel. Assn • 

:H.M.Stratton, Terminal 

:Elev.Grain Merchants Assn.: 

:L.P.Nestel, Assn. of Tex. : 

: 

. 

• 

10/1/~:10/15/34 

:Distributors, Inc. : 

:Stanley R.Stager, Natl Tex: 1/30/34: 2/5/34 

:Processors Guild, Inc. : : 

:Cotton Textile Throwsters ResearCh Ins.:l0/11/33:10/16/36 

: Cocie :Inc. : : 

:Local organi-:Richard A· Billups,Jr.Okla: 

:zation :State Tire Dealers Aeen. 1 

9/23/33: No reply :B.H.Abbott,Tire Patch Mfrs: . 

• 

9819 
industry 

Tobacco Warehouse 

Toy & Playthings 

Trailer Mfg. 

:Paragraphs 

: Aifected 

: (No file) 

: 

:1, 3.4. 

: 2,3, 

• • 

P.R.A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

Date ; 

:.Approved:Re.iected Wi thdraY:n: Reason 

: : 

6: 8/2/33: 

6: 9/29/331 

• • • • 

No date :No documents 

:on file 

• • 

: Industr.y•s Authorized 

Representative 

:E.v.Webb, E.C.Tobacco 

:warehouse Assn. 

:Not in file 

:H.A.Baylers, Trailer Mfg. 

: Code Code 

:Approyed:Effectiye 

: 

11/4/33:11/15/33 

6/26/)4: 7/11/34 

iASsn. : : 

Transit • • 2,3.5, 6,7: 8/18/33: i iChas. Gordon, American : 9/18/33: 10/2/33 

• • 

Traneparen t Materials: 

Converters : 

Tru.cld.ng 

Umbrella : 

Upholstery & Decor~ : 

ti ve Fabrics 

Used Textile Beg 

• • 

• • 

: 

Vegetable Parchment : 

Paper 

Vault Mfrs. 

Velvet Mfg. 

Vinegar Mfg. 

Vitrified Clay Sewer 

Pipe Mfg. 

W C~.dding Mfg. 

Wallpaper 

• • 

: 

. 

• 

. 

• 

: 

: 

: 

• • 

2,3. 

2, 5 

3 

2 

3 

2,3, 

3. 

3. 

3 

3. 

• • 

6: • • 

• • • • 

• • 8/23/33: 

• • • • 

: 8/12/33: : 

: 9/23/33: 

• • 

. . 6 9/10/33: 

• 

• • 

: 

• • 

9/25/33: 

: 

• • 

6: 8/18/33: 

• : • 

6: 8/31/33: 

6: 8/25/33: 

: • • 

: : 

a : 

: 

8/31/33: 

: • • 

6: • • 

: 

• • 

• • 

8/19/33: ' 

* : 

: 

• • 

I 

a 

: 

: 

• • 

: 

I 

8/8/33: 

: 

10/4/33 

: :Transit Assn. : : 

:Disagreement :H.G.Gutera., Tr&nsparent 4/4/34: 4/lP/34 

:Materials Converters Assn.: : 

:J.F.Winchester,Sp.Code Com: 2/10/34: 4/29/34 

:Fed. Truck.Asan. of ~er. : : 

: :P.Q.Deitsch,Umb.Mfrs •. Assn: 10/9/33:10/16/33 

:Not warranted:P.H.Gadebusch,Upholster.y &: 3/6/34: 3/16/34 

: :Decorative Fabrics ~ssn. of : . : ,Anleri ca z Z 

:F.T.Blis~t, Natl. Burlap : 2/8/34: 2/18/34 

: :Bag Deaiers Assn. : : 1 

~ 

: :DeForest Maurice, Vegetable: : N 

: :Parchment Paper Assn. : : f 

:Not wuranted:Flynt & SUlly for Assn. of: 5/1/34: 5/11/34 

:Bank & Vault Mfrs. of .AJner: : 

: :Welter Gordon Merritt, :12/30/33: 1/8/34 

:Velvet Mfrs. Assn. : : 

:D.R.Forbes, Amer.Vin.~ssn.: : 

: :Geo.C.D.Lenth,Code Com. :11/27/33:12/11/33 

: :Vitrified Clay Sewer Pipe : : 

: :Industry a : 

: a : : 

: a a : II aJ .R. Carruthers, Natl.Assn •• 4/19/341 4/30/34 

: :Wadding Mtrs. : 1 

:Local Assn. IJ.A.Hill,Com.Richmond Wall- 9/7/33: 9/lS/33 

: &p&per Contractors Aeen. : 

9819 
P.R•A• SUBSTITUTIONS 

:Paragraphs : Date • Industry's Aathorized : Code • Code • • 

Indust!:l : A:ffected :APProved:ReJected:Withdrawn: Reason : R~resentative :APProved:Effectiv 

Warm Air Furnace a 3. 6: z 9/27/33: :Week hours :Allen W.Williams, Warm Air:ll/27/33:12/11/33 

: • : : :too long :Furnace Mfre. Assn. a • • • WaShable Service • 2,3. 6: 9/29/33: : a :Jos~h Maslan, A$st•d Mfrs: • • • 

.Apparel :Mfg. : : : • • :Washable Service App. Inc.: : 

Washing and Ironing : 3 • 8/24/33: : • :J.R.Bohnen, ~erican WaSh-: • • • • 

Machine Mfg. • • : • • : ing Machine Mfrs. Assn. : • • • • 

Waste Mfg. • • 2,3, 6: 9/18/33: : I :Chas. Lachman, Wa.ete Mfrs. a 12/7/33:12/17/33 

• : • • • • . :Assn. : : 

Waste Material • • 3. 6: No date: : :Chas. M. Haskins, Natl.Assn 2/13/34: 3/26/34 

• • • :Waste Mat.Dealers Assn,Inc: . • • • . Water Meter Mfrs. • • 2,3. 6: : 10/2/33: :Not warranted: H.L.Dawson, Water Meter • • 5/16/34: 5/27/34 

z : • • . • • • :Institute • : • Waterproof Paper Mfg.: 3 9/7/33t • • : :D.A.Crocker, Waterproof • • 2/17/34: 2/26/34 

• .. • • • :PB{)er Mfrs. Assn • • • • Water SUpply Utility :2.3,4,5,6.7: • • 9/12/33 :Disagreement :A.W.Ouddlebach,Inst. of I 

I : . • • • :Water Utili ties, Inc. • • tJ • • Water Well J)rilling : 2,3. 6a 9/7/331 • • a :T.W.Thorpe,Amer. Assn. ~ 

: • • • • :Water Well Drillers : . I 

' • • • . Wax Paper Mfg. 3 S/26/33: :Wm.J .Eisner, Amer. Wax - :12/18/33: 1/1/34 

: • • • • • • : :Paper Assn. : 

Weaving specialties 3. 6: 9/25/331 z a :J.M.Cromin,Weaving Spec. : • • Mfg. • : • • • • • :Assn. : 

Wheat,Flour Milling :2,3,4,5,6,7: 8/1/33: • • :Herman Fakler,Natl.Millers: 

: • • : • • • • :Federation z Wheelbarrow 2 • • : : No date :None given :Wm.A.Perry, Wheelbarrow • • • • : : :Assn. of Amer. • • : Wholesale Automotive • 2,3. 6: S/2J./33: • : • • :L.H.Phelps,Frank G.Stewart:l2il8/33:12/28j33 • : • • • :Vfuolesale Automotive Ind. : : Wholesale Drug : 2, 4,5 :No date : :F.G.Ueyer,E.L.Newcomb,Natl: . 

• : • • • • :Wholesale Druggists Assn. : . Witch Hazel 10/2/33: . : 3 • :APproved but :John F.Prinzing, W.H.Mfrs • 2/1/34: 2/11/34 • • • • • • :withdrawn be-:Assn • • • l • • :ca:use of . • . • 

: • .. • :failure of . • • .. • • • a . 

• • • Und • to ac- • • 1 . ' • • 

• : :cept • ~ 

• . 
P.R.A. SUBSTITUTIONS 

:Paragraphs : ~aste • Industr,yta Authorized ' Code : Code • 

Ind.ust!';l .Affected ADnroyed:~ejected:i~~hdrawn; Re~son l Re:Rreaentative _:Apprgv~d;Effective 

Wire Cloth • 2,3. 6: • : 8/18/33 :Requested by :A,..··MoFerry,Wire Cloth Mfrs.: • • 

• . • :Industry :Assn. • • • . • • • 

Wholesale Dry Goods 2,3 : 8/21/33: . • • :Flint Gerriaon, General • • • • ~ 

• • :Wholesale Dry Goods, Inc., ' : • • 

Wholesale Hardware • 2, • 8/19/33: :c.J.Whipple, Natl-' Hdw. 7/30/34; S/9/34 • .I • 

• . : :Assn. of U ~ s .. • • . • 

Wholesale Lobster 3. b: 8/25/33: • . • • :Allen E. Newton. Natl. J 4/13/34: 4/23/34 

Dealers • : • :Wholesale Lobsters Assn. • ' • • • 

Window Glass Mfg. • 2,3. 6: 8/31/33: • • : R;:B. Tucker, Window Glass :11/22/34: • • • 

• • :Mfrs. Assn. • • • • 

Wiping Cloth • 2,3. 6: 9/7/33: • : :Benjamin Schwartz, Sanl t. • 2/17/34: 2/26/34 • • • 

• • • :Institute of America : • • • . • 

Women Is Belt : 2,3. 6: 9/10/33: • • : :Moses D. Mosesohn, N'atl. : 10/3/33:10/13/33 

• : ' • :Assn.Women•s :Belt Mire. 3 : 

Women• s Neckwear & : (No file) : : • 10/7/33 :No reply from:Irving :a.Levl, Natl. Women•s 1 • 

Scarf • • • . • • • • :Industry :NeCkwear & Scarf Assn. :12/19/34: 

Wood Cased Lead Pencil 2,3. 6: • • 9/7/33: :Not warra.n.tedUTelson ·B. Gaskel,Lead a 2/17/34: 2/27/34 

: • • : : :Pencil Institute 

Wood Chemical Produces 3. 6: a : :File does not:M.H.Haertel,Wood Chemical • I 

• ... a • • :disclose :Inatitute, Inc. : a ~ a : z ' iaction was I • I 

• : ' z a &taken l • a Wood Reel Mfg. 6: 8/25/33: • 

a 3. • 2 • l.A.rthur A· Williams, llatl • z 2/9/34: 2/12/34 

a • • l :J$sn. Wood Reel Mfrs • a I Wood Working Machiner,y 3 : a : 10/3/33 :No response &Fred A· Collinge, Assoc.of: 5/14/34: 5/25/34 Mfg. z l • • : :from InduatryUI.frs. of Wood Work. Yach. a : Wooden Pail & Tub I 2,3. 6: I 8/2J./33: :Not warranted:Robt.P.Rayward., Wooden Pail : : • • : ' :and Tu.b Assn. i· Wood • • a Preserving I ~ ";( b: 8/30/33: I : tJ.D~Latimer, Wood Preser.-a 7/13/34a 7/30/34 & ·-· : a : l ling Industries Assn. . : : Wool Felt JUg. I 3. 6a S/23/331 : : :Edward A· :Bran, U.S.Fel~ 111/27/33:12/11/33 : I i : i Utf;rs. Instftlii e I : 

9819 
l!~!AI SUB~TlTU'.riOll~ 

Industry• e Authorized 

Indust re ent i e 

Wool & Mohair Ware- :W.».Eoggess, Wool & Mohair: 

house • teatiafactory :Warehouae uen. of Texas 2 : • 

• :Local organi-: • 

z • : :zation : : : • 

Wool Stock 2 ). 6: 8/23/33: : z &I'.H. Watson, Wool Stock • : • 

• z a : I :Council : : • 

Wool Trade 2, 6: 8125/33 . 

• I :Joseph P.Dreper, Code Com.: 1/16/34: 1/29/34 

• I : i :Geo. L. Anderson, Eoston : • • • 

I ' • z I :Wool Trade Assn. • • • 

: : : : 

• z : : : • • : • • • 

Yeast : 2,3 z 8/9/33: . ' • a .Arthur R1 tter • Com. for : 7/2/Y+: 7/16/34 

• : I • : :Yeast Industry • ' • • • 

• • • • • : • • • • • 

: : • : ' • ' . • • • 

Zinc : 3. 6,9a 8/3/33: z : :Al!lerican Zinc Institute z 3/26/35: I 

~ 

CH 

~ 

• 

9819 

-1 32-

.. 

. APPENDIX G 

.--oc.::::.o:~~: :- ~~TE~R:ETJ\!J.~k-~~AP5~~.r ,!.:::x~~T~~J._TI Qli$_ AN_1LRULING2 

REG e££I~ ~2B s r DENT ' ~!~WJ;Q_Y EN~ _A..QREEIV}ENT 

ACC;QJl-JTANTs - See "Professional Occupations 11 • 

:.....~T~JtS lU'!p_J IG I:i T _C_L_UB ENTEF._TAINERS ~UVENIL]: _ - Such minor~ a r pr - hLbJ.ted fro 1 wo r king , if the theatre or club want s t he Flu Eagle (Card 

-#1182) (*) . Al so see 11 Minors 11 and 11 Pa r agraph#l, PRA". 

~B~.l§Elvltl_NTS ,_ ]'J_E VSP .AJ'F..R _ _ 11 A newsnape r may not accep t advertis ements 

carr-.YJ.ng t he Blue Eagle ·qnt.i 1 ,qfl.n'lrti eer s ' names arc actually post ed on 

the Honor Ro ll, or el se until the employer p rodur . some r eceipt or 

o~he r evidenc e from the Postmast er. · Gener All y speaking , the NRA exe rClses no a~tho ity ove r newspape r advc rtlsing columns . ~t is not , ~ow

ever , perrn1tted to publish any o··called hono r list or l1 £: t purport1ng 

to enmne r a t e NRA memb e rs unloGs all a r e included. Any list tha t does 

not include all establishments t hat como under tho, Eagl e must definitely 

state in the advertisement nr a t t he h ead of t he list that thi s is onl y 

a partial list and es not include all. The idea of this is of cours e 

to prevent ~1y NRA memb er who d9es not agree to pay to have his name 

incl uded , from being considered by consume rs a s not among tho se who 

have joined." (Card #1183 and r elease #731). 

AGRICUL'l,UHAL V{QBJ(_E;RS - "Agr icultural worke rs are all t hose employed by 

f a rmers on the f a r m when t hey a r e engaged in growing and pr eparing fo r 

sale the p roducts of t he soil and/or live stock; also, all labor u sed 

, i n gr owing and preparing perishabl e agricultural commodities for mar:i<:et 

in o~i inal perishaFle fr e sh form. Wnen wo rker s ar e employed in p r ocessJ.ng f a r m p ro ducts or cpa ring t hem for marke t, beyond the stage 

customarily pe rform9d within the area of production; such wo r ke r s are 

not to be deemed agric.ultural wo rke rs." (Draft ed by Dr. Wolman, C4airman 

NR~ Labor Advisory Board, ap rov ed by Geor ge N. Peck , fo rmerly coAdministrator, AAA and General Johnson) . 

APPRENm iCES - 11 The m1n1mum wage prOVl Slons of the Agreement do not 

apply to app r entice s if unde r contract wi t h the employer on August 1 , 

1933 , but no one shall be consider ed an app r entice wi thin the meaning 

of t hi s int e rpretati cn , who has p reviously compl e t ed an apprenticeshi p 

in t he industry • 11 (Ba sic Int erpr e t ation #9 , Gene ral ,Tohnson, NRA Bulletin 

#4). 

11 Ernployers a r e permit t ed to hir e apprentices a ft er signing t he PRA , but not CJ.t l e ss t han minimum wage unless such apprenti ces we r e unde r contrac t prior to August l, 1933 , unl ess sp ecifically provided for unde r a 

substitution to the PRA. Appr entices e.r e not con si der ed as professionals 

except tiat in schools such as nursing s0hoo , whe r e the training is 

pro fessional, they are excepted from wage and hour provisions. Whe r e 

( *) 

9819 

- -· - - .. -· --- . --- --------------- --------- 11Ca rd # __ 11 r ef e r s to the cards on whi ch we r e incorpora t ed the 

various int erpr e tati ons , e tc., promulgat ed by the Blue Eagl e Division, l'ffi.A . 

-133-

substitutions to the PRA limit th e.p rc n~age of apn r enticcs t hat may 

be employed , the percentag shall be based upon t he number of mploye es 

in the pe rticular e-stablishment affected . 1No employee shall be conidered ~ appr entice unl ess t here is a definite agreement between him 

and his ell9l oyer as to . the l ength of his app r entic eship and the amount 

of remuneration during aid apprentic eship ., . ( C J S • Long) . No one shDJ.l 

be consider ed an npp r ent i ce who bas p r eviously compl et ed an appr enticeship 

in the industry •11 (Card #1188 ). 

11 EII19 loyers ar e not expec t ed to ·hire or contract for apprentices 

after they sign t he PRA. Int er preta.tion #9 ; r ef erring to apprentices , covers only thos e who · are actual l y apprentices before August l, 1933 . 

The object of the President's Reempl oyment Pro gram is to put unemployed 

men back to work. Therefore, why train younger men for position s t hat 

can now be filled wi th ~n e~loyed men? Apprentices, during the period 

o£ ap _) r enti ceship may be paid a t a r at e not l ess t han BO% of t he minimum 

rat e ; such ~Jp entice cl ass shall not consi s"t of more than ~1, of all en·.-

ployees in any esta.blishment. Each factory woul d be a separat e e_st ablishment. (Lt. Johnston). 

ARTISr:'S (INCLT!J)ING COMMERCIAL ARTISTS) -See "Professional Occupations". 

A..li.r:L'ISTS, PHOTOGRAPHIC - "The status under -PRA of Photographic Artists i s: 

(l) Complet e excep tion for thos e rec e iving more than $35.00 per week , 

(2) Actual artists are except ed , (3) Others qf t his clas~, not cover ed by 

-Par agrap£1s 2 and 3, are· to be av er aged at 40 hours over a 6 weeks period. 11 

(Policy Board or thru Mr. Richberg, August 25, 1933) . Also .see 

11 Pro ~essional Occupa tions •11 · 

BACK YiAGES DUE EMPLOYEES BY -VIOLATIONS O.F PRA, POLICY ON COLLECTION -

"The .ri!RA Policy is well established -that t he National Compliance Board or 

a locp.l Com1Jliance Board may p rope rly r equire E!n adjustment by r estitution 

of back pe.y as a condition to continued- displa;:r of the Blue Eagle under 

PRA or as a condition to : r estora tion of the Blue · Eagle. A number of local 

·complif.nc e Boards c.r e on r ecord as r efusing to put t hemselves in the 

position of collection agenci es. As a mHtt er of 11 r actical administra tion 

we may c_:.dvise the Local Compliance Boards to assi st in r ecove ring back 

pay. The Local Compliance Bo ards may adopt the no licy of wi thholding 

recp~ndation for r emoval of BlUB Eagles from violators of PRA who make 

restitution to employees . 11 (National Compliance Board, December 13, 1933). 

- -

BAKING IliDUSTRX .- 11 Bake ry deliverymen should be limited to a 40 hour week 

as. called for in t~e substitution (paragr aph 2) to t he PRA approv ed for 

the industry." (Advisory Qouncil, Compliance Division, June 6, 1934(. 

11 Out side sa~esmen as it apnears in the Baking Indu stry substitution, sh[JJ.l 

be interpre t ed to mean the same _as the t erm "salesman" as defined in 

Section 6 , Article II of the Baking Industry Code which became effective 

July 9 , 1934 which says 1The t erm salesman a s us ed herein shall mean the 

employee ·on bakery rout , whether who l esale, house-to_- hou se , or othe rwise , end aJlY other~ sales e~ployee whos~ r~nci pal duties and functi~ns 

are ~e rformed not l ess th.an 6C ; of his wo r king hours outside the est ablishment or any branch t he r eof by .which he i s employeQ , and who regul arly 

delivers t he bakery products which he se+ls.' 11 (Compliance Council, 

NRA, July 16, 1934). 
-134- ·- .. .. . .. ·-

B?U-Jl\ CG NSERVATGRS A'l\TD :S.A11JC ?B CEi iT~R S - 11 If th? bank de sires to di s:pl ay 

the :Blue EaglE? th~y~ c~me wi thiri ~RA. 11 ·tc. s. tong). · . \ •' 

:SA..Irn Cu~ Al-ID HuT 2JGG 'sTANDS - 11 'Cori.slciered as resta:urant·s under the PRA. 11 

(C. S. Long).·· "'!rips· receive.d by -su:·ch ernployees -are ·h0t a part of the·ir 

minimUm compensati_'om .1r {L. · .G·. ;;:il so'n, Au,gust 19., 19 33 ) . . 

. .. ·. : ~ 

BARB R AED ·BEAUTY SHGP S - I! 

. . .. Subletting of Chairs· in Barber e.nd Be aut y Sh o:o s - nA barber wh o 

sublease s· a · chair· "in a · barber ··shc-o and 1nho·-c:lso ouerat.e.d on this -'basis 

prior ·to June 16, .1933, is an· ind~pendent contract l.~ a~d is ·.subje.ct:.. t.;o4 .. 

neith~r I?aximuin hour: nor mi'liirnum ·= \'ITage ·pr.ovisior .. s·.·11 (C . S. Long·),. · ·_· ·,- ·~ ' . . . . ' . . . . : . " 

. Biirbers Paid Sol.ely on Cor::ui ssfons ·- .l lUnder the subst'i tute p ro- ·-

.. yistons .e,Pplying to" ba rber .and beauty sho~J s, all barbe rs ·( except those · 

_.exerrr_pt .fh Pc;iragra:oh 4, PRA, nd 01~er-operators, 'l'li thout . employees) are 

.. limited to a 48 h~ur o1 k .... veek~ . All barbers ( e:i:cept . as menti0ned abo ve) 

.. ,_ at'e limit~ a: ~s to ' maximum hours'·'but a.re ' not.· lil;llit.ed. ?-.? ~.to mln:Lmum wage. 11 

(Lt. Johnston). This latter interpretation appear$ ·:to :be illogical, .. and 

.was never enforceable. • ' ~ , : ' j • : .,, i ' . . ', • - " .. 

Barber Shops and Beauty Shops, withou·t · :E'rrrpioyees - 11 There has been 

.;· a grea~· ·clea1 bf': diffi.cul ty over the barber and· beauty·. ~hop subs.t i tutio:n 

es-pecially sb ·as··they hav·e attempted to limit . tJle hours o'f the small : 

shops 'to 52·;.· .. rt· ·is$ of cours.e, possible for one man shops t o get ~he : 

Blue Eagle; by · the·· owner · signing the straight -PRA; qut it . is the .opi~i on 

of the Deputy Administrator in char ~ of . t .he CodE? _.that submission will 

be hastened and p a rticipation increased if the idea ge ts· ro~d ~bat t he 

entire industry is bound by the substitution. The Bo a rd has taken a 

midway 8-t.ailq,_ on_ tb,is .. end has sent· · the ·· attached letter to the Associated 

11.-Uist'er :Barbe rs Qf A~~ri ~~~ ·Of . course~ : if a m~n writes in and ·asks -·a,'_ . :: 

·point blank ( uestion, t Can I get the · Blue Eagle by--signing the )'.RA ~ th-

·out substitutions', v1,7e must tell him that he can, · but where p ossible, t 

use a copy of th.i.s lett e r as . an -answer. Partnership and owner 9pe:rate<:1 

Ba rbe !\- and Beauty shops, without employe e s; e.re limited to 52 hours p e-r 

. week Of Shop op·e ration ·.in .orde r to oper, : :under the -substi tuti_9ns gr?lltec 

and si,gned· by Ml.mini strator Hugh S. Johnson on August 8.,. 1933 for the 

Barbe:r: -f?.rmp and Beauty Shop Jndustry. T.hi s liini tation ·wil) continue in 

effeQt. .until the. ma tt e r ~s inall y s e ttled ·by app roval of. a Code fo'r the 

Industr3r .bY the President. 1i _ (PRA ·Policy B~ d - ·r:.· P. Furnsworth). · 

B~~R. LEAGUES_ - 11 ]art_er ~ea~~ s emp lo?i ng help . J;l~ pa & yn ~h . foo_d, . 

s:P,,elte_r. .. 841~ ot_her nec_e .. s&i~ies ·of life a~~e n.ot exeL1i} t trom t.he · P3A.. · SUch 

e,mployee :'? . IJ.lUSt . r~(;ei V/? .. a't leas.t tll.~ . 111inimwd wag e and mu.st . not b e r.e- .. · . ui1 ~~l. ;t:a. wo rk fn e·xcess. of the rnaxillfum hours ··o e:cmifted by- the :PR.A an.a· an . s1- ~l t1J.ti:pn~ , \~~ re to .. ,: .-. h~ther the J_p loy~ . r e ce i .ve c~mpen s~t iori . 

_i ·n: .mpn_ey ... p~ c~m~ ~t~e , ~tc. is a:. ~att e~" :ror a dju.stmen:t, bet ir e~n tpe ein-

,lo ~e ·;and .the· League .. 11 ·. (c.· S. Long') . . · . . ·· · "·- • · . . . ... : ' . ~ .. • . ! ·'\ 

BAT.T!NG Al'JD :P.AnD.fN'G T}.lTIUSTR:t ·{ su}3sTITuTI GN s·) ,_ ~e fi nit ion ·:... :ILThe term· 1 Br: ~tihg _ and: ;paddt rrg -'ii1'dlist'i·y·r a s . .-U.s e d he rein ·is ' de:f>ined.' to: mean the 

mal1ufa,_cture o:f ·batfS:·'and p·a.ds. These ba tts ·o-r p a d:s· ar-e manufactured. 

princfpal~:.y 'from·'·:cobfqtf.'(h·: wool fibres p rocessed ove r . ·ge.rnett -machines 

or ·cartl's<fbr re saie :· pu'rp ~es · The s e ba.tt.s ·or pads 13;re us.ed primarily ·by 

9819 
-1:?·5-

the purchaser to up holster aut onobile bodies, to upholster fu ... nitur , 

ttnd for insula tin ..... r>ur p oses , ns well as in the manuf<~cture of comforters 

[lld r1o.t.tresse , :.1 ~c~ ot~ ~1· ~.) :·o ~..~1. cts so filleu.. 11 ( PJ.A Policy Bo.::.rd , 

Au.gust 9 , 1 933 ). 

BE.AUTJ:CI AJ, s - See 11 Barbers 11 • 

B'EAlTTl" SH PS - See 11 ] rtrbers 11 • 

DEGI 1TE:rtS - See n Students and. ~ea~cne:..'s' • 

J?ILL CGLLECl'GRS , Ci..!TSII'~ c ~' . CG,J I ssn.:· - Se e II COi!I li ssio n ·;orkers 11 • 

BLUE STA.:a.S (;l; IlTSI -1:I A - See II Insi nL .. n . 

Bvlli"'DI HG HGUSE S - 11 If smc,l l :mG. t:1ey 

domestic s e rvants n.re excepted. . ~'ut 

the r e staur ant substitution r :J-..) lies. " A 

a hotel bCJ si s, em.-Jloyees '<.. r e sul>je ct 

e:· ~e l' t.::<l ll~r _pri te homes the feVT 

i f i n compe t i tion it h restrturants, 

I f l a r ge establishments and run on 

t o the P . ...rl.. 11 (Lt. Johnston). 

](JA...PJ)S GF .RA.D~ - see II c: u.rnbe r of Cor.mlerce ll. 

BGGT :BLACK STJI.i::Uf;? - See II Shoe Shine St an d s 11 • 

BRAi'\JCH ESTAJ3LISI-TI .. J:,;TS -· ( Cl1ai n sto re bra11 ches , e tc.) 11 In c ase s 1.1he re 

the re a re not mo re tn2:n. t\". O CT!l) loyees ir.. t(nms of l ess than 2 , 500 and 

not p a rt of a l ['r ge r tr.s/:..e .:-.re'"\ , empl oyee s a re not subject to maximum 

hours. (Parag raph 4 , P::.i;,.), because the mc:: n::'ge r signs the Agreement and 

the Certificate of Cor.rpliance f or his own 9 rticula r brMch. The wages 

of these eiiij_l loyees shoul a be r nise d a t l ee.st 20;-b . I f r ai si ng of vve.ge s 

20~ bring s the "9a~r above the 1:1inirrrum s:pec: ed for t hat particular business, the n they ne ed be ~~e. d o::1ly thr-.,t :Jlinimum.·ll (Cr'..rd Yo. 1199, a lso 

see Executive Orcie r 67 0 whic~1 r e f e rs to '

1not more than 3 est ablishrnent sll 

rather than 11 2 em:ployee sll) . 11 ·.'he re the manuf act-.;Ting e stabli shrnent s, 

cha in stores, chain restaurc_nts, e tc ., h.J.ve many e st D.lllishments in 

O.ifferent locations and diffe r e nt citi es, the uano.ge ··s of these branches 

e..re expected to sign the l~ and. Ce rtific.:-- te of Co nr~o lianc e appl ying to 

the ernp lo,,ree s under their control. 11 (Ca rd !To. 1199) . 

ttit is n ot necess c.- r y for the owuer of a chain of shops to sig n the 

FrtA for each shop in or6.e r to <ii s-_,_J l ay t he Blue "Eagl e in each shop . In 

case s· whe re the Oi:?ne r of a cfl.ain of s ho·os hc.s si gned the PRA, the emp loyees in each sholJ of the cha in a r e sul.lject t o the p rovisions of the 

PRA and any applica bl e substit·tltions ap~J rov d the r eto.'' (F. S. Pollak, 

November 1 3 , 1933 ). Thi s ruli:1c; 1a.s not m1iformly f ollo\>ied by the 

Comp l iance Division , l:RA .• 

BUYeRS (CUTSIDJ:: ) - See "Corm.1ission 1Jorkersl1 . 

CAJDIES GN GGLF CGPRSES - ll Cadciie s a::e cove red by .::. ra a~Jh 2 , PRA. 

If caddies are emp loyed by a club they us ~ be pai d the minimum wc:g e. 

If the club G.oes not emp loy the caddies, bu t u1e r e l y ~JerrJ i t s t hem t o st ay 

at the club while awaiting e1 ~agement s, the cacldi e s c.re in business for 

themselves, end wage and h ou r p rovisions do not appl y . 11 (C. s. Long). 

9819 
-13 6-

C_tuiTYI EG I:FDUSTRY StJ:BSTITUTIGN - SUb-p aragraph (c), Paragraph 6, has been 

interpreted to mean that the average of ·the total wQges of all employees 

in Cl a ss 3 employed in any one establishment ·in· t he s ame homework operatio., 

must ec.!.ual the minimum wa ge for tha t region. ~rtA Bulletin # 6). 

CA3.BONATED J3EV2P.AGE INDUSTRY - See 11 Soft Drink Indllstry SUbsti tution 11 • 

CA.RrtiERS CN A WAGE BASIS - See 11 Daily Newsp aper Publishing Industry 

SUbsti tution11 , 11 Non-l\letrop.oli tan Fubli shing-Printing ana. Printing Industry Sub sti tut ion II, and ll l:Jews-paper and rviagazine Di st r i buting Industry 

Substitutionn. 

CEh ETr~RY WORKE:rtS Covered by Paragrap hs 2 and 5, PRA ( Card 1202). 

CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS - See 11professional Gccupationsn. 

CERTIFICATE GF COLPLI.ANCE - See 11 Date of Compliance". 

CHAIN ST0RE. BRANCHES - See 11J3ranch Establishments 11 • 

CHAIN STuRE LAl.IJAG.ERS - Such managers do not come under the 11 very sp ecial 

casen clause of p a ragraph 4, PJ.1A, the $35.00 clause applies and they 

should. not be worl:ed ove rtime e.ven thf")ugh they a re p e.i-d. time and one-third 

for overtime. (Lt.. Johnston). See ":Branch Z stabli shment s 11 • 

CH.ru;:BERS CF CGivJ<ERCE - 11 Chambers of Corrunerce are expected to sign PRA 

and put into effect the provisions of the Agreement with respect to hours 

and wages of employees. If a Chamber of Commerce desires a stay .of t he 

provi sions of the PRA respecting wages and hours of employees, it cannot 

apprrJVG its own a;_opli cat:i,on for relief, but must secure approval from 

s911e othe r organization in its communi t;y such as the Rotary Club or the 

Kiwanis Club.l1 (C. s. Long). 

CHARGES FCR 1lEALS, RENT, LAUNDRY, ETC.- See 11 Dedu.ctions from Wages". 

CHARITABLE ORGANIZATIONS- See "Non-Profit Crganizations11 • 

CHILD LllBOR - See fiParagraph #1, PRA" and 11 Linorsn. 

CIGAR LlAJ\T'IJ?ACTURHJG n :DUSTRY - II • • the rate of p ay for all I stripp ers t 

whether machine or hand shall be 2~¢ an hour minimuml' - this re f ers to 

paragrap h "C" of the substitution to the PRA approved for the industry. 

(Advi.sory Council, Compliance Division, lviay 23, 1 934 ). 

CIGA?.ETTE, CHEWING, A1'1) l.iOI G T.OBAC CG MTD S11JF:b' U DUSQ:IRY .;.r. (SUbsti tution for p e.r agrap h 6, PR.I\) - liThe lllinimum wage for st emme rs, etc., 

on p iece work must yield an averag e return to t he workers a s a group in 

that classification of not less than 25¢ }er hour. The ave r age return 

sha ll be ca lcul a ted on a group ba sis and not on an individual ba sis. n 

(Advisory Council, Compliance Division, June 6, 1934 ). 

CLERKS IN STCRES - 11 These errrployees must be guaranteed the mJ.nJ.mum wage 

specified in the PRA whether or not they a re employed on a p artially or 

solely commission ba sis.n (L. G. Wilson, August 19, 1933). 

9819 
-1 37-

CvLLECTGRS - 11 For all pract ic.:1l ~JUIJ.Joses out side collectors are r egr-r ded 

in the sc~e light as out~i ue s~lesmen if ~orking entir e ly on a commission 

!J is. I f' t,.J.tJ col ~ t.) · '· ,.s .. o::.~~· n ~ 011 t~ e basiG of a YTa:;o us commissions , pri or to June 16, 19'"' , he is consider ed as coming under the 

minimum wage revisions of the P btt is exempt from the lir.1itations 

c.1 \'0!'king !10urs. '' ( I nter . ..Jretn.tion ectio!l, Blue ~ug e Division , :rRA). 

COLLEGES (BUSIFESS .AND PRI VAT e.)- See 11 Schools and Coll eges ( business and 

private).u 

COLLEGE strU:UE!'JT S .., see II st :tclent. s and Learn rs'~. 

CGI.J.i~J.CIAL ARTISTS - See 11 Profe ssiounl (; ccupations 11 • 

Cv~:il.iERCI.AL DUPLI GATING .AED L.AILHTG I'TDUSTRY - 11 ( l) Employees in t~i s 

industry engaged in regnlal:-routine.Offi CeFork for their eiiT_ployer (not 

filling orders for customers) shall te conside red a s paragraph 2 employees, ( 2) 1!.1np loyees in this industry engaged in filling orders for 

customers, pro dud ng suc:i1 mat s rial for mailing [1 nd p lacing it in the 

mails, shall be consict.ered a s p roctucti ve or factory em:_oloyees (paragraph 

3 em_;>loyees (pa::ragraph 3 employee s). II (Compliance Council, NRA, June 

29' 1934). 

COl .ISSIGN UORKERS (Il §I:UE & (;UTSID:::G) liAt the p resent VJriting, salesmen solely on coffiilli ssion re n ot defined as employees and consequently 

do not come ··under the provision of t he PitA as to \7ages and hours. 11 

(Card #1215) . 

11 In the case of any salesman vrho, p rior to June 16, 1933, was 

operating on a guaranteed wage basis end subsequent to June 16, 1933 was 

changed to wholly commission ba sis, it y;ill be assumed that the change 

was made to evade the p rovi sions of the P~~~ and woulQ be in viola tion 

of Paragraph 8, · p_ !\. - SUbterfuge." (Card 7,=1215). 

11 It is permissible to hire employees on a wholly commission basis 

subsequent to June 16, 1 933 , ~r ovided it vras customa ry f or the employer 

so to do prior to June 1 6 , 1933 , or ~a s customa ry a s a.~Jp lying to the 

class of employees in tha t linG of business prior to June 16, 1933. II 

(Card #1215). 

11 Substitutions to t he PRA. opproved for particular trades or industries and interpreta tions thereto may a lter the above. n (Card #1216) . 

Salesmen on Cornmi ssion having drc-.v:ins a ccounts - 11 If the drawing 

account is merely a n rr geme~t of convenience bet ween the employer and 

the salesman, pe r mitting the l : tte r to obta in advances of money which a re 

later deducted from t he co:rruJi ssions v:rhi ch are earned, the status as a 

salesman on corJmi ssion is not a lt ered , :BUT if the drawing account is in 

any way a guarantee, it is conside red a base pay <:.rrangement, and in such 

case the salesman cru1not be regar ded as a sa l e sman entirely on commission." (Carel =-. 121 ). 

noutside Buyer working on commission \7i thout any sa lary guaranty 

has the se~e status as an outside salesman orking on commission. The 

compensation to be obtained in either case is contingent up on the volume 

9819 
~13

of business. n · (Card #1214). 

"Outside Collector who works wholly on commission has the same statu! 

as an 6~_t~~de··· alesman wholly on commission." (C?-Td. #1214). 

Automot·i ve:: }ftaintenilhce Industry - II Automobile repair men paid on a 

commi.ssion b.a_~i s are piece workers, and are subject to maximU.m hours and 

minimum ··wagEf provi.sions bf the PBA and su-bstitutions t ·hereto approved for 

the Retail Automotive Uaip.t e11ance Industry." (Card #=1579). 

CONSTITUTIONAG RIGHTS .PJJD/OR .I MMUNITIES - .1 1 r:P.~ere can be no . inclusions or 

changes to the PRA such as 'provided, that by signing the Agreement we · 

waive no constitutional ·right .or immunity •. t "· (Card 11=1489). 

CGNTR.ACTS - "The signing of the PP.A' :does not abrogate any union contract 

or any other bona fide contra·cts, nor does it . authorize or permit the 

violation of such contracts·. ·tr (PRA Policy B9ard or thru Mr. Richberg, 

August 25, 1933). 

CONTRACTS (APPRENTICES) · se·e· 11 .A:pprentices 11 • 

CONTRACTS (FEDERAL) - "Existing Federal Laws require that contracts 

shall be awarded to the lowest bidder. It is the })Olicy of the Administration, howeve~ ,.· to advocate legi s12..tion as soon as p.o ssi ble, providi:ng 

that 'contracts shall be awarded to firms and '.indi vidual's that are members 

of the NRA. 11 (Card i/:1226) i' See "Government Contracts 'and Loans"',_ page 

74; Public Act #369; md Executive Orders #6246 and 1~6646. 

CuNTRA.CTS FOR Goons JJ.JTI/OR SERVICES - "Oo~c~rning contracts entered into 

prior to June 16, ·1933 with suppliers whq later increased p:- ices unreasonably for goods or services contra9ted for .before June 16, 1934, 

purchasers may require proof that ~lch increases were necessitated by 

reason of the suppli e rs' adherence to the PBA and that su~h increases 

are not in excess of the actual increased costs caused by compliance 

with PRA. 

11 Paragra:ph, 12, PRA d-oes not cover co1~trac~ s. mad·e afte.r June 16, 

1933. An arbitrary date had to be set a:n,d dat ~ ·o:f the Act is an 

appropriate one and especially 'since l)e ak lJrices at that time'. 

11 Concerning cp.estion:.:'of whether contracts mad.e p rior to June 16, 

1933 can be cancelled when permanent code goes. into effect, in cases 

whe re costs of raw ma terials have increased. to such an extent that the 

finished product must sell belo w cost; this is not a question under the 

President's Agreement, but a question of what will happen when a parti~ 

cular permanent code goes into effect. Neither the President' : Agreeme n~ 

nor any code is intended to abro6ate existing contracts. Th· resident's 

Agreement provides for adjustments in the cases of contra ct ~de prior 

to June 16, 1933. Whether. or not a similar adjustment cla· will be 

included in the permanent .. code · for this particul ar indust·.. is a point 

to be taken up with the ]eputy to whom this indust.r;)r is assigned." 

(Lt. Johnston). 

9819 

,, . .. ' ... . : . 
-1 3 -

"Paragra h 12 PRA , r es ents a si mpl e ;:md co nc i se st a t ement in 'l"'hich 

the buyers of goods urchas ed on contrnct prior to June 16, 933 ~ r ee 

to make an a~ ronriat e adjust ment of u rice to ~e t any increa se jn cost 

caused by the s ell e r having signed the Agr eement or having be come bound 

by any apu roved Code . Ho exc epti ons are provided i n Pa r Pgra h 1. 2 other 

han that such increas e s ar e to be mnde only in cas es ,..,he r e the s ell er 

of goods has either signed the Agr e ment or has become bound by coming 

under the code . The PRA is a voluntary agreement of the si n er ,~ ith 

the President in 'l"'hich the signer a r ees to do c e rtain things i n orde r 

to meet a National ~m ge ncy. In vi ~ of the f act tha t the PRA is not 

law, the ap~lication of ~ara aph 12 is entirely e~ end nt unon apuronr iate 

adjustment between the buye r and the seller. · It is in fact almost entirely 

conti ngent upon the good faith .and the sens e of moral obligati0n and fa.ir 

play on the uart of the buye r. · There is nothing 'in the PRA which in itself 

is intended to abro ate ~x~sti g contracts. The matter of ric e adjustment in Paragraph #12 is one for mutual ~ent betwe en the parties 

concerned. 11 (Card ~1488). 

CONTRACTS (LABOR ID. ION) - 11 If you have a contract with a labor organi"?:ation 

calling for longe r hours than the President's p.greer~ent allows, and this 

contract was made in good faith by collective bargaining and cannot be 

changed by you alone, try to ge t the l_ab or . organization to agr ee to a reduction to the maximum hours allowed by t he President's agreement. If 

the labor organization will not agree, ;>rou may apply to NRA for permission 

to work your employees as 'Tlany hours a week a~ the contract calls for. 

Send to NRA a requ$st for th1s permis~ion, with a certified copy of the 

rabor contract, and any statement ~f the f a 0t you desire. 

"This application wil~ be handl ed by ~! RA in the SEJJTle manner as an 

application for r elief in cases of individual hardship, filed under paragraph 14 PRA, but it r ill not be nec s~ ry to obtain the auuroval of a 

trade association or other organizP.t i,.m. Ii NRA. approved your apnlicatirm 

or· is·: able to bring ab out. any mod.ifice.t .ion of the contract, v')u will then 

be granted permission to work employ ees in accordance with the contract as 

originally written or modified, and ·can then si.gn the Certificate of Compliance adding to it the folloPing : 1Excent as r equired to compJy v.ri th 

the terms of the agreement in eff ec t betvreen tl).e unde rsinged P..nd the 

-------~labor organiza tion. 111 (G~n ral Johnson, NRA 13ul1etin :11:4). 

11 The follo'I'Ting language- 1 If NF.A ~pnro d y0ur au- licC~tion or is 

able to bring about any modification of the contract 1 - means thPt .'TRA, 

upon r eceipt of a uetition for permission t o one rate under a Union Contract, 

will inve stigate as far a s possible to de t e rmin e how f a r the employer has 

· TTJ.ade a bona fide attempt to have t he cont r ac t r.-~odified by he otiP ti n 'I'Ti th 

the Labor Organization. If 1'RA feels t_he e!"!ployer has not obtained all 

the modification po ssibl e , NRA will negotiate directly vrith the I,abor Organization in question. 11 (Lt. Johnston). AJ so see 11Local JITRA. Cor1pliance 

Board Regulations -for handling PRA petitions to oDerat e under union contracts - Exceptions to the PRA 11 , page s 70 to 72 

COrJTRACT .(OIL COMPANIES) - ''The que st i on has arisen as to ':"'hether Section V, 

Article 2 of the trol eQ~ Code ~u li es 'to c0ntractors suuulying s ervices 

or material t9 the oil industry (such as f abricators of steel plates). 

The answe r is that Sect ion V, Article 2 does not apply to such co~tractors, 

9818 
-140-

~ho should Querate under their own substitutions for the PRA, unless in 

fact t hey a.re operating ttT i thin the Pet-roleum Industry , such as subcontr8.ctors who : drill oil well·s. 11 (Card 41225). 

CORPORATIONS ~~ ICERS A1ID STOCKHOLDERS ) - 11 ()fficers a:re employees and 

.not exempt from maximum. hour:'·.p rovi'Sions, PRA, if under $35 . 00 per ~eek . 

Stockholders :who . are empl·oy.ees· have .: the saine status. 11 • (Card #1227). 

. . . . . . . ''• . . . . .. 

. · . COUNTRY CLUBS ·- See· llNon-Pr·ofit Organi zations''· •• '1' 

COUNTY . GOVEHNTvlENT:, : EHPLO'Y!JES . ... .. See · ltGovernrner.i. ts "·' 

. ' .. ' . .:' . ~. i :: .·• 

CURB. SER,VICE EMPLOYEES - '!Such employe e s must be over·~ 5 (see par agra:ph 1, 

PRA ) ~nd ·must ··: receive ·:·a.t least·; the .minimum · hourly rate specified in the 

. Restaura11t subs-titution exclusive of tips.·11 (L. G. T1'iJ'ilson, · August 19, 1933 ) . - . 

DAILY NE\iSPAP"ER PUBLISHING INDUSTRY (SUBSTITUTION) - 11Carriers on a wage 

bas is shall be . p aid ·' the mi nimum ·wage · specified_:. for SF~ le s employees f.or a 

.. full week an.d an h"urJ.y rate based on 40 hours. ·per vreek for less than a 

full week.·11· ·(Nati-onal Compliance :s·oa.rd, Janua ry 25, 1934) • . , . ; 

· ·DAIRIES, SMALL>,_. s e e 11Fa.rmers 11 • 

·DATE. ·Olf COMPLIANCE :... "It is expected thett all employ ers· desiring to co-

·operate wi t4 ·the P.re·sident 1.s recovery program will s i gn · the Agreements 

promptly and, mail them in. It is r e-cogniz ed, however,, th t it will be 

physically impossible in many instances to adjust employment condit i ons 

and to hire ·the n e cessary additional personnel in order t ·o com6ly with the 

Agreement on· Augu.st 1, 1933.- For that reason, provisi'nn has beeri made for 

. issuing · the Blue Eagle only upon the .filing 'of a certifi.catG fo compliance. 

It should be pOS·Sible 'in most. instances t ·o make the n ec·essary adjustments 

and file a certificate of compliance within the first week of Au.csust, 1933, 

and such action, taken as· promptly as possible, will 1>"8 · regar ded as carrying out the Agreement in good faith. ·

1

' (Basic Interpretation· dk3, General 

Johnson, NRA Bulletin .f/:4) :. ' ·' :· ·.'> ' 

. . ' .. . . . 

. DEDUCT I nNS FROM .WAGES ~ :

11Exc-ept · i'n .the· re·staurant irrd'J,stry. no deductions 

for any purpose mrty be ma de from the minirnum ~Vage in any event. The pay 

em&elope must be delivered. intact to · the employee.- The stibst i tut ion applying t.o the restaurant industry provides specificially that deduc t ions 

may. be made from the pay envelbDe ·for · mea ls furnished 'to employee s, \'!Then 

such was the cnstom prior to June ·16·, 1933 , and thet the amount deducted 

shall not exceed 25i per meal ·.o·r $3 ·. 00 in any · n.ne week.. Inaugurating such 

d eductions, V~Then they we re not · customary p'rior. to June 16, 193 , ·is considered a subterfuge u..11til the· contrary is p r6ven. 11 :(Card #1 233) 

"Bona fide charges a.s · dist ingui.shed from deductions · may be permitted 

under c e rtain circumstanc e s if the emplo.yee first r eceives the pay envelope 

intact. These cover s ituations in which the employer acts in the capacity - . - of landlord, wh e r e h e ·r ents. u niforms or where the ~mp lo , er p e rforms some 

other s e rvice fo~ the .employ.ee, as whe r e he launde rs uniforms~ If 'it was 

.not the custom to make a charge for such service p rior to June 16, 1933, 

it shou~d qertainly not .. be made now. 'Nh~ re a customary charge was made 

prior to June 16, 1933 , for example, for the rental of wearing apparel, 

or whe re launde ring had uniformly b e en handled by the employer and a charge 

9819 
-141-

m1.d- fo r it u r ior to J ne 16 , 1933 , the emul oy r 'nay on inn o mnk a 

r asonable char e for s ch s rvic. In ve ry S l h c1.~ it "'h.qll b 

mandatory that the mploye have the ootion off rnishin the sAme s .rvice himself (he r sE'lf) and be r eli v d f r om the char ·' • 11 (CR.rds os. 

1233 & 1234) . 

"There can b no d=-duction from the -pay enve lop . xceu't f nr meals 

as sp cifically provided in the r est urant substitution. As to the 

charges or r nta l of wearing appar e l R.nd fo r la nde ri n same 1 in no c~se 

should the charge be compulsory. That is, if t }H? m'Jl oyee C"'.n supuly 

himse lf (he rse lf) wit~ uniform wearing appar ,l, and is willing to undertake the individual launde ring , the empl oy e should be allowed to do this 

without charge . Furthe r, if it w~ s not the custom to make such chR.rg s 

prior to June 16 , 1933 , th y should certainly n ot b made now. Where the 

r ental of ne aring apparel has been a customa ry charge and whe re launde ring has uniformly been handled by t he r estaurant, thA employe r m.::~J7 continue to make a r easonable charge for such services. In no event ~ay 

deductions be made from ay e nvelope s. Also note t hat no other kind of 

deduction m~y be made n any other industry. The only allowable deduction 

from weekly wage s anywhe re is that pFovided for meals in the st urant 

substitutions. 11 (Policy Board signed K. Johnst on, August 26, 1933 ) . 

W0rk Spoiled T!: rough Ca r ele ssness- "The ;ruling of the Textile Code 

Administrator r egarding work spoiled thr ough ca.rel e ssne ss - 1 g.q,rments 

spoiled thrC'u.gh ca relessne ss of employees .real or alleged is one of the 

risks of busin ss and no docking of employees for spo iled work is permissible ' - may ~e ll be used as a basis for interpre tati on in other lines 

of business. Deductions for 1wnr k spoiled thr qugh cqrelessne ss 1 is one 

of tle wo st easily abusPd practices for the uur uo s e s of reducing the 

minimum wage , and in most ca se s would be · a viola.ti on of pR.ragr~ h 8, 

PRA. 11 (Gctobe r 17 , 1933- ~v . P. Farnsworth) . 

"Reductions from wage s cru1not be mAde to cove r loss of time or loss 

of material s a result of cR.relessne ss. 11 (October 26 , 1933 :... Int . 

Secti on) . 

DEFECTIVES , PHYS~CAL OR ~~NTAL , i ncluding SuDe r.q,nn d Em~lo yee , who 

are real l y Pensione rs - See 11 She l t e r ed '..Vorkers 11 • 

DELICATESSE. STCRES - "Selling food products and s e rving me~ls should be 

cla.sserl as grocery stor es unless t hRy have a r e.ql r Pstaurant in connection 

th e~ ith. Wne n this is true , they should comply with the r e staur ant 

substi tutione 11 (Lt. Johnston) . 

DELIVERY MEN - "Under PRA, without modification, there is no da i l y 

limit of hours of bor; but a definite maximum limit of 40 hours ner 

week. No -p rovision for ove rtime . Watch substitution for various trades 

and industries. " (Card #1236) . · 

11The Pol icy Board has held r epeatedl y and has spe cifically insist ed 

on the inclusion in su·bsti tutions that deli verymen be in a categor y wh olly 

separ a te from that of outside salesmen. In ge nera l our rule has been a 

limita tion of 48 hours pe r week. Cu.tside sales~en are completely exemp ted 

under PRA. Outside salesmen having delivery functions -1.re not to be 

classed in the categor y of outside salesmen t o be exe 'Dted frrrn maximum 

working h ours. 11 (PRA Policy Board - RobPrt K. Straus) . 

9819 
-142-

DENTAL ESTABLISHHENTS - See "Professional "Occupations. 1 

DEPARTifENT STORE EI·;PLOYEES - "Employee s in dep8.rt1"1ent store r e staurants, 

barbe r shops, beauty shops, grocery departments, dry goods and other departments shall work under the substituted urovisions t o the PRA for 

r e s taurant.s, barber shons and b eauty shop s, grocery stores and retail 

stores., as the case may be, provided they devote the major ne.rt of their 

time to the particular kin~ of ~ork mentionedJ Deuart~ent stor e ~o ke rs 

~ho att end to s~ch s e rvicing as repairs to electric refrigerators, radios 

etc., are considered service employee . under Pa ragraph 2, PRA. Alteratio 

wo.rkers i.n departme:q.t stores are under Par~ rauh 2, PRA "~Vhe n their duties 

.also include .those of q. clerical or sal es nat'.l.re; but if .the dut i es a re 

:stri.ctiy tho.se .of a !tlechanical .artisan nature, they co"1e unde r Paragrauh 

PRA. 11 (Card #1238). · · 

DIFFERENTIALS- "The ·policy Board will not create t erritorial differentia 

after substitut.ions to the PP.A are granted; but this matter, of course, 

may be adjusted when he0rings are held in connecti0n vith formulating the 

permanent code. Employers who find thP. t the l !:l.cl<: of a diffe rent i al ~orks 

a great and unavoidable hardship, may petition for stays unde r Paragranh 

14, ~RA. In allowing differen- tials as bet ween the No rth and South, State 

boUn.daries . have in most cas es beeri .. the basis for delimination- not citie 

or trfl,de areas thereof." The Policy Board; therefore, rules that retailer 

i~ New Albany, · Indiana; though in the same trade area as Louisville, Ky., 

must pay the Northern rate~ 11 · (PRA Policy ]oa'rd - R. K. Straus ) . 

D.IRECT lAU~ ADVEP.TISING SERVICE EmPLOYEES' - See "Coinme rcial. Duplicating 

and Mailing Indus try". 

DISCHAP.GING ElviPLOYEES - "TheTe is nothing in the Agreement or in the 

modified Agreement of August 11, 1933 wh ich pr events any manufacturer 

from replacing incompetept employees with compe tent ones, p·:roviding, of 

course, t.hey earn the minimUm vrn.ge and do not work longe r then the maxim1.: 

hours." ( L. G. Wilson). See also n Incompet ent "f2'rr9loyee s 11 • 

DISCliARGE OF EMPLOYEES IF VIOLATION OF SECTI ON 7(A)' OF NIRA, WAGES DURING 

U1TEiVIPLOYJifiENT - The Board voted unanimously to apurove the statements of 

policy contained in the following memorandum dated J anuary 9, 1934 , r;rhich 

M;r-. Hursey read to the Board: 

"I am advised by Mrs. B. H. Sterns, Administ:ta.tive Assistant for the 

National Labor Board, that in no case has the· National Labor Board attemp 

ed. to require payment by c>.n employer to an empl oyee , dischar,e:ed because 

of union activities, wage s for the time such •employee was not working. 

"The National Labor Board has entered into agreements 111ith certain 

employers to r einstat e such discharged emplo ees a.YJ.d in -those cases in 

which the employer fail ed to carry out such agreement have later required 

the employer to pay the disc ha d emuloyee for the time .lost after the 

signing of said agreements." (~ational Compliance Board, January 9, 1934 

9819 
-143-

DISTRICT OF COLUHBIA - 11 The District of Columbia is me nt to be excluded 

from Southern Stn.te list ings unl e s(> it is s:oeci:t:ically included." 

(Card #131 ?) . 

DOt::ESTIC EMPLOYI rENT - 11 Includes cooks , waitresses , kitchen maids , chambe rmaids, butlers, laundresse s, nurs es, chauff eurs, gardene rs , etc. "Fjxcmotion 

is based not on occupa tion, .but upon the .fact tha.t it is a u rivR.te home . 

If not a p'ri vat e home (including ho~s with a f ew boarders) such employe es 

are not exempt from PRA." (Card #1078, C. S. Long) . 

DRAWI NG ACCOUNTS - See 11 Commission TI'o r ke rsu. . ' . 

DRY' GOODS COTTON BATTING IrDUSTRY (SUBSTITUTION) - Definition- liThe 

term 'Dry Goods Cotton Batting Industry' as used he.r ein is defined to 

mean the manufactur e of garnetted and/or carded c.ot ton fibre -out up in 

the form of paper-banded and/or similar chan~els for consumution by the 

ultimate puFchaser in the making of comforts, quilts, pads, nillo~s and 

other similar articles. 11 (PRA Policy .. Bqard, August 19, 1933). 

EARNINGS -- ''The phrase ' hourly rate', Paragraph 6, PRA is clear when applied to a class of ~or~ paid on a flat hour or day rate. It must be 

interpreted however, to be applied to a class of }'~~ ork which on July 15, 

1929 was paid on a piece-rate basis. Every piece_-rat e is figured and 

set on a 'base-rate'. The bas e-rate is s elected as representing the fair 

earning per hour of the normal worker. The piece-rat·e is the rate per 

piece which multiplied by the number of pieces produced by the average 

worker will produce not less than the 1base-rate 1 • Many piece workers 

earn far above the base-rate.. Sub-no.rmal workers may earn less than the 

base rate. But if the 1 base-rata 1 : were s elected as minimum it would be 

fair to both ·employe r and wo rker, and it would guarantee all piece-workers 

a minimum wage above 1·•hat the subnormal . piece orker got in 1929 or gets 

no~. Further, the s el ection of the 1 base-rate 1 in 1929 as a minimum under 

the PRA, alternative for the 40¢ rate, Paragraph 6, P.RA, will prevent an 

advantage from accruing to an employer who starting from a 1 base-rate 1 , 

set his piece rate low, or 'tight' as the industry phrases it. To take 

av ;;, ~··e ea rnings as a minimum in such a case would nenali ze the worker 

who ~cr<e d under a piece-rate that prevented good workers from exceeding 

the base-rate and made it impossible for normal or subnormal ~orkers to 

reach the base rate. 11 (D. E. Richberg). 

EDUqA:Jl~ ~~ .Q:RGA JIZATIO S Al\ID INSTITUT IONS- See "Non-Profit Organizations". 

E~Fr __ ~}=! )_ '( L_:::-r AiJD POI:ZR INDUSTRY SUJ3STITUTtON (PARAGRAPHS ~~"9 11 AND 11C11 -

11 1'.1' _. _ "t..!!Xd 1 emE:r0 ency maintenance and repair employees 1 in paragraph (B) 

fc·.~b to e·r::- lo yee s engaged mn e:nergencies 1."'i thin the normal probability 

of (~ .. rR.t ion and of a character for which emergency ·cre\"'Ts pre commonly 

mai ::~.- in de The phrase 'employe es engaged on emer gency work' in paragra1Jh 

(C ) ~efers to eme r gencies outside the normal probability of ope ration such 

as a severe lightning storm, a sleet storm, a wind storm, a turbine wreck, 

a bailor e·Jtplosion, the failure of a transforJ!ler, or a break in a gas main, 

or a heating main, and other lik8 eme r gencies. '' (Compliance Council, NRA, 

September 21, 1934) . 

9819 
144 

EMBALMERS See 11Professioi'l;al Gcc-up tions~1 • •. 

EMPLCYEES HGLDING MGRE THAN ONE JCE - 11 The i~ strongly disapproves of 

employees engaging workers whom they know to be already holding down a 

f~ll time job elsewhere. ~he . r~ason for this is quite obvious since the 

vvhGle purpose . of NIRA is . to 6 increa se ~nd spread employment. Em"?loyers. 

who, sign the PRA are eXpe<;:~eq. t,~ . ,.c;ooperate in· the .. ~rive to incre8.se and 

spree,d employment to . ~f1e . l~mi t . of ~ t)}e~r ability. ' 'Since it is the em'oloyer 

and not the employee who '. ;:>~gns ' the, .. PRA,, there · n.otbing to restrain an 

employee from accepting' two· ··.Jobs (if' he is lucky enou:gh to · find · them) 

except his own sense of fair plR(I .. oVV,~!q. his tellow .. worker. wpo is still 

unsuccessfully seeking emoloyment': rr· (1. c·. #52). 

EiviPLC YMEN~~ .NCT:: INTfNDED Tc::. ~E·;· CCJVEl~EJY:_:·EY .. ·PBA ;-(-E{lsie -I nt~-ruretati · #6, 

Gener,af Johri.son~ .. l\TR! .]ullet'in: #4 ·and''General . Int erpr tatio~s -· as in.di- • · . • • . . • . '· • · ; , • · ~ • · ·" '. r · ~ • 4 ~ - •. ,.1 ,. - • 

ca ted) ., .':" . (.l.) . Pro::fE;> .s.i.io.na-1 o~c}lpat icni.s· ·:- · .. 11 do ~~oJ· ~ la~e rs, lam· _clerks 

wi th.in the . meru:li.rlf ·of .. S.taite : .taw.s .. · r~quiring· a :'· 6;:t.erkshi p .. And law students 

given specific · dut;i.es· ~0 , p~ forin .. such ~s pre'paratiei,p. o'f briefs, res~arch 

assignments, ~t c. 11 (Card. No.· 1296); "register-ed pharmA-cists·, i'nternes, 

nur.se9, ~tud~nt , J:.lurs~s ?f -?-1.+ . ~inct . ministe~ing to. h~an beings, . 

tfOchniqians, .graduate ve t'E;> ri nc:l ~y nurses" '('Card #1340); "embalmers, funeral 

directors·;- .iabor.atory wo~k~r s a.nd apprentice.s in · dent'Ftl estabiishments 

having had prof~ss ional :r?-ini ng and working in a :orofe'ssional capacity, 

radio eng~neers and engin~~rs·. in o_ther highly t e chiiical. professions, 

artists (if their work :i. .s creativ~ and not of ~ rolltin'e Iln:b.ire) II (Card 

#1341); "certified pubJ.t'q ... accou..'1 tant s, newspaper "9hot ographers, outometri sts, 

doctors of o·otometry arid.' oY optometr:ic science 11 ( C::=trd #1342); "newspaper reporters, editor~a1 . writers, _ I;' .f' Writ men and other members of 

editorial staffs, hospital technicians, resear'ch te.chnici:::tns 11 (Basic 

Interpretation #19, General Johnson, NP. A Bulletin #4), also see main 

heqding "Profession~l Occupations"; (2) Employe e s of Federal, St.g,te and 

Local Governments and o.ther Public Institutions and Agencies - "State, 

county and municipal governments ·are not under compulsion to operate 

under the PRAw but if they want to displ~ the Blue Eagle they must 

comply with PRA" (Card #1?68; (3) .Agricu:I,tural Workers- "All those employed by farmers on the farm when they are engaged in growing and preparing 

for sale the produ<;:ts qf the soil and/ or .lfve stock; all labo'r used in 

growing and preparing perishable agricul wai comriwdi ties for market in 

original perishable fresh 'form (labor. involved in .. processing f.g,rm ·uroducts or preparing them for market ·beyond the ·stage custom.i=trily "9erformed within the ar.ea .of production, is .no.t to be de "' mE;3d agricultural 

labor); landscape gardeners, m1rserymen a~-d :·-greei'l:hemse·· employees if their 

work is agricultural in f a ct, bllt in a city es_tablishme.nt they come under 

the p rovisions of PRA Ul;ll e ss ·substitutions st'ate ·. o·t'-he rwi oo 11 (Card #118 6); 

(4) Dome stic Servants- "C oo~~' waitr~> ::3ses, kit.chen Maids, chambe rmaids, 

butlers, laundre.sses, .. n1J,rses, chau rers~ :· gar .. de'ne r:s·, ' etc. ·, in priva te 

homes or homes with a fE;3w boarders" ( Carq.. '#'t_Q7B) r.· ('5) .11Pe rsons buying 

goods and sell~ng the'II) . J,ridep~nde ntly or ._p erso'n? lling solely on 

commission (not including . persons :regu~arly em!J l~y' d to ·. seil on commission, with a base .salary or guaranteed com ~ns ion)'. 11 Also s e e 

paragraph #4, PRA, for. . serta~n e~ploye s 'to I ~lch . ~ax~rr:u.~ hours fixed in 

p a r agraphs 2 and 3 shall not apply. · - . · . ' 

9819 
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Students and Learners- "The PRA does not aT)D]v to bon fide students 

of vocational schools (including Beauty Shop end Barber Studnnts) . The 

erm ' student ' is limit ed to those who receive no r emunc r, tion either by 

wage , C?mLilssions or gr atuities. Students ~nd e~ ners may be employed 

on a ,-holly commission basis, in V~Thi ch case the hour and wa.e;e provisions 

of the PRAdo not a1Jply . 11 (Card :!l:l 384) . 

J ;u.:.Q.,_TI.ENT AGEN,CIES OPERATING UNDER THE BLUE EAGLE - "Such agencies 

need not limit t heir act ivitie s t o prospective enol o;vers \ ho are 

ope r<".t ing under the Blue Eagl e . 11 (card. #1248) . 

E GINEERS .- See "Professional Occupations'' · 

ESTABLISHJ:SNTS WITEOUT EHPLOYEES - ''OnrnQlrs operating their ovm establishments without any employee s may obtain t he insignia of NR.l\. by signing the 

Agr eement and a Cer.tificate of Compliance. 11 (Basic Int erpretati on ;!/:14 , 

Gener al .:r.:ohnson, NBA Bulletin #4) . 

EXECUTIVES - See "Paragr aph #4, Provisions 11 , page 26 

EXPRESS AGENCIES , RAILROAD - "There are certain cas es such as· cha ritabl e 

organizations whe r e any susuici on of a 'consumer 1Jr essure 1 be caus e of not 

signing is ridiculous. Then other cases such as municipally owned operations, rai lroads, etc., whe r e there are complications making it perhaps 

'so diffi~ult that the business cannot sign. Hq~ever, the answe r is to 

any ' except ' question tha t the Pr esident expects everyone to sign. The 

difference between NBA and PRA must be kept constantly in mind. PRA is 

a voluntary agreement ~ith the Pre sident. Railroad Express Agenci e s are 

capable of signing the PRA. 11 · · (PRA Policy Board or thru Mr. Richberg, 

August 25, 1933) , 

FAMILY STORES - nit is wrong to say that wife and children are excepted 

from Pa ragraphs 2 and 5, ;_. PRA. No such exception has been or .TTT ill be 

made. If a wif e or r el ation or anybody employed, is 1 in with 1 the owner 

as a 'joint venturer' they are in eff ect co-owners and no emp lo yee s~ If a 

relati on is actually employed, the employer must conform ith the PRA as 

to them - the fact that they are related makes no cli~ference . One serious 

:o roblern, however, is found in the employn1en t of n:1 inor children. There is 

a s erious question as to whethe r t he employer - employee relationship can 

supplant the parent - child r elationshi p because of the fact that under 

the common law the father is ent itl ed to the e<'.rnings of the minor chilo.r en. 

Hovnever, a definit e ruling to this effect might l eave the door wide open to 

who l esal e violations of Paragraph ¥1, PRA, and it is highly unde~ irable 

that any such ruling . i ssuedo Wher e you are confr onted with this specific 

question, it is proper to merely say that if a person is a.n employee in 

fac t , they must be treated in conformity with the employer's agreement 

with the .President ." (Lt. Johnston). 

FARHERS - "Fa rme rs may obtain the Blue Eagle if they comply with the PRA. 

Basic I nterpretation No. 6, 1mA Bulletin No. 4, in which it is stated tha t 

agricultur.al labor is not intended to be cover ed by the PRA means that it 

9819 
-146-

was i ntend ed ~t ~m~ lo v~ s of su ch l abo r should ~ot be unde r any comuulsion to si gn the PEA. Any f armer ·in t r ade or .industr y ~ho comul i e s i th 

the t e rms of t he ~RA a s to his ag ricul l labor wi l l, of cours e, be 

entitled to the .Blue le. 11 (Basic ·'Expl a na tion #2, Gener a l · J ohnson , NRA 

Bulletin, #4). 

"Farme rs engaged in processing ,- hole s a l i-ng or r e t a iling of goods , 

are en ti tl e:l to t he Blue Eagle "Lind er Interp retati on #14 , even though they 

have no em-ploy ees other ·than -purely ag ric ~ tura.l m~loye es; but i f they de 

ha ve emp l oyees who assist them in p roces.g i ng·; ··whol e s a ling orc r etailing , -

t h en they must comp ly with t he wage and b,our provis ions of the PRA a s t o 

such employee s in order to earn the Blue Eagle . n (PRA Pol i cy Board or 

t hru Hr. Ri chb e r g , August 25, 1933) . "'If ·farme rs have employee s "1'7hi ch 

perform dut ies of route salesmen and wish to obtain the Blue Ea gl e , they 

mus·t p ay them, and all _their other employees engaged in coml'!lerical comp e tition w·i.t h t he F.luid Hilk Industry, the minimum wag es urovided for in 

the Fluici il~ k I ndU.stry Substitution, and they must conform. to all the 

otherprovisions of the PRA and the substitutions app roved for the Fluid 

Milk Indu stry." (Lt •. Johnston ) . 

"Farmers op erating small dairies and employ ing a few help ers must 

place thei t' mil):<: p lant empl'oy ees and re.tai;L·· sales emp loy e e s (including 

·milk route sal esm~ n) unde r ·the PRA and subst.i tutions- t her e to, approved 

for t he Fluid Hilk Industry , if they · de-s ire th.e Blue Ea gle. Their agricultural employee s (including milk ers) ·.are not cover:ed by t h e PRA. " 

(Card #1253) •. . · ,. · · ' 

FEDERAL. CO.NTRA.CTS- Se e "Contracts (Federal ) ". 

' : 

FEED STORES. HANDLING GROCERIES - 11 If t he stoJ· ~ i s p rimarily a fe ed store, 

it comes unde r the Reta il Fe ed Distributing TrEt.de sub stitution t o t h e PRA 

If it -is p rimarily a g rocery store , it come s unde r t he Food & Grocery 

Distributing Industry substituti on to the .PRAo In the .. r a r E?. _cas e wher e it 

·would be imp ossible to det e rmine what the ;p._r:edomina ting cha r a ct e r of t h e - ' ' - ' I I ' 

. store is, there will be rJ.O harm done b ecaus:e . of. · t he simila rity of t he tw1 

substitutions." . (Lt. Johnston). 

"The selling of fo od, either for human . or : anima l consillnution is not 

·' g over)) ed by the Re tail Code. Tha t is, such f :irms should continue operat i 'on under the PRA and a p:Qroved. substitution .modify ing · t his u nt il a uermanent code for that _particular i ndustry· has b een auuroved. 11 (F. L. :!f9 , 

November 20, 1933) • 

. FLUJD rfiLK NDU~TRY SUBSTITUTI ON (PARAGRAPH 7) - "A downward r eadjustment 

in compen sati on for employment in exc e ss of mi n i Jl1um ... age s is not p rohibit e 

by t he sub s U t u,t io.n for the Fluid Hilk Indu s try f or par agr aph 7 , PRA p rovid ed such downwa rd r eadjustment is in f a c t equ itabl e on the basis of t he 

circ,Jmstanc e s and conditions v..·hich ob t a i n in t he empl oyer 1 s mills mark etin:': ;..::..rean " (Nat iona l Industria l Recove r y Boa rd, Harch 23, 1935) . 11Regul C1'!:' delive r ymen a nd 'sp ot' d elive r ymen i n . t he Fl u id }tfilk ~n dust ry b e 

· · 1 i ;r.. i t.ed to t l1e f orty- e i ght· hour: week call ed for in Paragranh 3 of the modi 

fi e-j_ ?RA for t he industry. H (Advis or y Coun.c il, Complianc e- Div ision, June 

6, 1934) . 

9819 
-147-

FOOD Prt.OC2SSlliG ESTAilLISHNiiNTS - 1 Such establishments as coffee roast i n._, , 

food cann ing , etc ., come 1.mder the PRA p nding adop tion of cubsti tutc 

provisions or -oermar ent code for the industry . HoHcve r, u.."lt i 1 adout ion 

of a :9ermaY1ent code , employees in the jobbing , 'holesale or r etPil sales 

departments come u1de r the substitut ion for the Food & Grocery Distributing 

Industry. 11 ('Card #1259-A) 

FOOD PRODUCTS - "The Grocery Codes do not anply to strictly manufact·1ring 

ope rat ions. \lhere manuf::> ctu ring and selling a re engaged in by the s a111e 

firm, the selling end only shall come under the Grocery Code . 11 (Ca r d #1259 ) • 

.?ORD AGENTS - "Ford agents v1ho have signed t he PRA anCI_ are com:9lyin;; v7i th 

its :9ro vi sions or acceuted sub stitutions 111ade t hereunder nhich apply to 

their employees may display ~RA insignia. . AccordiYlt:; to NIRA a pe r Manent 

code for· a. g iven i nclu~try ~~hen ap:9roved by t he President cov e rs all !nembers 

of that industry; not mereiy si.s;ners of t h e code. It is a ssumed t hat an 

individual mem1De r of an industry is comp l y ing ni th provisions of his code 

until p roven otherwise." (L. C. #52, Se:9tember 21, 1933) . 

FUNEJl.AL DIRECTORS - See tiprofessional Occupations". 

11 G.A_l.AGE KiPLOYEES shall be clc2..ssified according to the nature of the 1

.- rork 

they, a re yerforlJling. If this nork is of c:> service nature, Parag rap h 2 

applies. If the men a re machin ists nr mechanics nhose time is ctevoted 

mainly to such work, Pa ragraph 3 applies. Emplo~rees ryhose duties a re 

mainly attending to gasoline pump sales, see Petroleum Code. 11 

GARDE!., ERS- !IIf employed by a priva te home, are considered domestics, and 

therefore e:-:empt from PRA, minimum vmges and ma:dmum hours. 11 (L. C. #57 , 

September 27, 1933). 

GAS STATim~ ATTN{DM!TS - Paragraph 2, PRA employe es. (L.G. Wilson, 

Augus.t. 19, 1933). 

GENERAL STORES - 11 Emplo;y-ees engag ed in gene ral stores should not sell other 

than food stuffs during hours in excess of 40 in any given week . It is not 

reasonable to p rovide unfair competition for loca l hard are, dry goods, e tc., 

stores by a~lO\"T ing general store ern:plo~rees to sell other than food stuffs 

during a full 48 hour period. This does not ap:nly in to·'ms of less than 

2,500 "'hen such town is not part of a larger trade area. This ruling 

should not be ta~en to li~it the hours of operation of any store in any 

way. 11 (PRA Policy :Board or thru Mr . Ric.hberg, August 25, 1 933 ). 

"In cases \"'There general stores have d ifferent departments as - flour, 

corn u eal, salt, ~airy and poultry feed, g rain and h~r- the proprietor 

should decide what k ind of store is being op e r ated and not try to benefit 

himself by adopting the oaximurn hour p rovisions of a certain substitution 

merely because of the fact that he ha,.p:oens to carry some thing s which nould 

fall under that substitution, thereby uermitting hir.1 to '"fork his ernplo ~r ees 

longer hours." (PRA Policy :Board). Also see "Department Store r m:ployees11. 

9819 
.-148-

GIFTS, I:l:T O~ TE TT Oj : 'ITH s_· LES - See 11 Preniums' 1 • 

GOLF COURSE UOR.KERS - 11 Wor ke r _s on g·olf courses nre cl eP.r l y covered by 

pa.rc;.gr aph .2, FRA, and ca..."l hi no s ense be consid_ered o,gr i cul tural r:orl-:ers. 11 

(L. C. # 57, Sel] ternb e r 27 , 1 933 ). : 

' . 

GOVERW.IEHTS, FETIErt.il.L, STATE ,· COUNTY OR l.IUlTICIPAL El:.l'LOY:EES- 11 State , 

Count r c:nd Munfuciu EJl Governments a re not under· c orrnul sioh. to OlJe r f'.te .. - ~ ~ 

und~ r JJrovisions of PRA; but, if. they desire t o displc:.;; the :Olue :bagle 

they mu st eomply with PRA. 11 ( Cai·d 7?1268). 11 Decision r,egarding the 

p l a cing of Fed.ernl Governt1e n t orde1·s for l.'lo.teri e.l c:md services 11i th 

Blue En.gl c· contra ctors e xclus.ivel:r ·or Tiaiving the Drovisions of PRA 

for such contra cts 011l y is .. u!?. to e[l.ch Fede r a l ·JurchasL1g off ice r. 11 

· (Mr. Rich"perg ) .• 

GRAIH ELEVATOR ( COLmTRY) I:i.{DUSTRY ( SlT.B STITUTi nrj) De finition 11 The 

tern 'Country Grain El eva tor! . i s ~1e reby defined. to be ai1 t e levf'.tor' 

engag e d in the · business or re6ei ving g r a in i n l e ss thf'n c a rloacl lots 

and h e1 ving :)ermo.nent. e'leva to;r nd/or 17Ecrehous e facilitie s f .br receiving 

and shi:plJing g r a in. 11 (FHA Polic~r J3oard·, · August' 24, 1933 ). 

.. . 

GR.r\TUITOUS EiiPLOYiJEET ... 11 Jill ~m loye i~ ope :cpting uncler the PRA is not 

pen1i tted to acce:Jt t he s e rvices of anyo11e g r atis'" ro d o so 170uld 

. eliminate a p aid. e:wployee. 11 (Informal i riter:._ciret c.ti n by L. G. i7ilson , 

August 19, 1933). 

GREE: ,HOUSE .~iPLOYE:b S ... II Greetih.ouse r'1 lo ee s c:\.re cl0.ss e d a s c;,gricul tural 

workers if ·the ir :-;ork is a.gricu ltura l in f act ; but i n 2., city est[lb ish-

!!lent they cor1~ <.mde r 1rovi on of t he PRA unl ess Sl..Lb stituti ons ste.te 

othe rw:i.se.,

11 ~ (C ~c:t #1186).· ·li:Cmployees of g reenhouses, nhich :Jr oduce 

food Ji~oducts, e-n ~ to be c011 side re d a.r?;ricul tural •rorke rs regar dless of 

the f a ct t he g r eenhous e be within or n i thou t the city lio i ts·. 11 

(Int e roreta ti on . Section). 11 3y unan imous vote the Boa r d. approved the 

folloqing ClP,SSifi.cnti on Of g reenhouse \-!O'rke rs, SUbni t t ec:t- by J...fe ssrso 

Gal vin and Behney: 

11 1\11 greenhous e workers :? lo re d b;T flori t s a1"id nurs e ries shall be 

clB.ssed as indus-erial norl:ers , subject to ·:the ·)revisions of PRA and 

a;pprovecL substitutions th reof 11 ~ . (Hat io:nal Co li Bn e :Boc--_rd, HP.A , 

De~ m)J r 19 , ·i933 ). -

H.Alv"D I CAPPED E! LOT~E S See 11 Shelte r ed Worke ::s 11 • 

HAWAII.AJ:T ISLAlwS - "Any· ;· lo er -in the Hanaiiail I sl anc:ts ~?ho .r!is'h.es · to 

.sign the PB..A rvi ll be t~ tlecl to t he l3 lue Eagl e . The Admi nis tr<1.tio:i.1 is 

unde r the i mj_) r essi on tht.t the r e a r e unusua l f a ctors i:-1. t he HatiTaiian situati on 11h~ ch_ r:1i g!lt r:1e.ke it inadvisable to "buil ci UlJ the s·a;1e lJressure on 

trade or indus try to c or.1e i n uncler the NR.A. as i s nGc e ss.-;.r y in the Sta tes. 

Pending a full ~1ve ti t?;a 1o n of t he economic encl polit ical situation in 

Hawaii the Act.1 i nistr2.tion· d·oc s :1o't uan t to :-.ml:::e a dcfi :i1 i t e statemen t of 

p olicy v:ri th r e gn..r o. to · extension of _the Rvcove17 movement to include the 

Hawaiian I st ands. 11 (Ca rd ·#1281) 

HOLIDAYS ( LEG.AL) - 11 LeGa l holidays ere t ho s e holidays recognized by Federal 

and/ or Sta te a nd/ or Hunicipal Governments. Hhen each ho lid rs fall i n the 

middle of the v.reek it is the intent of the PRA tha t em:ployee s \'ThO are employed by the week or month shall not be co ~: elled to mal{e up time so lost, 

9819 
-149-

(but shall r eceive thei r full we k1~r_w~n_jg~~) . hen i ~ customa ry 

to shut down the plant , of ice or place of busine s durin such holiday . " 

(Card ;41275) • L~;;gal holidays we re taken in o consid rc:~tion in maximum 

h::mr and minimum wa ._, claus es of the PRA . It is not in accordance with the 

intent no r spirit of the PRA to require emnloyee s to make up time lo st on 

account of a l egal holiday. Howeve r ther e is nothing in the RA prohibi ting such employees as arD aid on an hourly or a piece work basis to work 

extra hour s in order to make up fo r pay lost on holidays , except that they 

shall not work long r than hP maximum hour s permitted in the rRA and approved subs ti tuti ons. 11 (C. S. Long) . 

HOl,!E WORK - See "Sweat Shops 11 • 

HORSE DEALERS - 'Employees 

are in fact agricultural. " 

over ed by par agraphs 2 and 5, PRA unl ess they 

(Card :!bl 277) .• 

HOSPITALS - 11 \!e have a rul ing from !~ r. Richbe r g , August 18 , 1933, being 

interpreted, · means th t all hospitals wh ich are dist inctly not ope rat ed 

f or . p rofit cannot be forc ed to apnly f<;>r the Bl ue . However we 

are t o ask them to do so on account of . the clerical and othe r s ervice emplS'yees that they hav-e on the ri paY.rolis, · espe cially i n vie'\'11 of the fact 

that they would be adding to the material support of the President's Reemployment Program, . and would get in return public ~upport accorded. all 

insti tuti6ns that are able to apply :for the Blue ~ag . The r e are other 

similar· institutions, such as churches and charitable organi ati ons which 

are . evidently non-profit organizations, which '1'11o uld come under thisc same 

policy •. " (L. G. ~ilson, August 21, 1933) . Also see "Signing the PRA 

arid CertificRte of Compliance'' · 

HOSPITAL TECRNICIANS- See "Professional Oc cupations". 

HOT DOG STANDS- "Considered as staur~.nts under PRA". (Card #1073, 

C. S. Long). 

HOURLY WORKERS - liHourly worke.rs are paid for each hour worked. n 

(L . C. #46 , September 16 , 1933) . 

I CE CREAM MANUFACTUJ.I NG INDUSTRY- "Regular delive rymen and 1 spot' deliverymen in the Ice Cream Manufacturing Industry should be limited to 48 hours 

per week, as called for in paragraph 3 'of the substitution to the FRA approved for the Industry." (_Adviso~y Council, Compliance Division, June 

6' 1934) . 

IHN!TIHATE TRAD:S AREA - "Immediat e trade a r ea is the area in which there is 

~irect r etail competition. In cas e of question, the decision shall be made 

by tl 'e local' chambe r of commerce or similar organization subject to r evi ew 

by the State Recove ry Board." (Basic Int er p r e tation 4bl3 1 Gene ral Johnson, 

NRA Bulle't in #4 ) . 

UiPORTS - 11 General Hugh S. Johnson, Administra.tor, NBA, has announced the 

establishment of an imports division, to handle all r equests by industri es, 

l abor or trade organi zations, for tRriff adjustment, r estrictions or payments of fees. Under NRA, any labor or trade organizati on which has complied with the terms of the Act may compl a in to the President thRt articl es 

a r e being imported to the de triment of the competitive position of similar 

9819 
,. -150- ~ 

., 'domestic article s. The President is empowe r ed to hc'we an im>n edia e 

investigation, require the pa~ent of fees or may r estrict the importa-

.. t ion of such articles. As a general matter, the industry making the complaint will be expect ed to make a prima facie cas e bef ore their req~ st 

: ' will be forwarded to the President and re quests for . relief may be mad ~ 

only after a code has been approved. tl (Card 1Ll495) . 

INCOMPETEHT E!·.IPLOYEES - "There is nothing in the Agreement or in any of 

the substitutions thereto which ·says an employe r TTJ.ay not replace incompetent employees with co~petent ones; provided, the new employees earn -th 

minimum wage and do not work longer tha~ tho maximum hours specified. 

However, discharging employees earning substantially over the ~inimum wag 

in order to replace them with new employees at a lower l"'"age is a violatio 

of Paragraph 8, PRA. 11 (Card: #1282). 

INDEPENDENT TELEPHONE. COMPANIES SUBSTITUTIONS - "Independent Teleuhone • t - -

Company employees who are ·:s·ubject t·o call 12 hours uer ni-ght, for the 

numberof nights that· constituted a full week's I"Tork at the uarticular 

exc4ange on July 1, 1933, shall be compensated for a full week's ~ork 

whether or not they have pe~formed actual work totalling the maximum 

hours of ac~ual work pe~itted in paragraph (a) af the terms set forth 

in the letter dated August 31, 1933 f!Uom the U. S. Independent Telephone 

Association ~o· the Policy Board. Employees subject to call 12 hours uer 

night for less tqan the number of nights that constituted a full ~eek at 

th.e particular exchange on July 1, 1933, shall be ua id on a pro rata basi 

(Compliance Council, NRA, September 27, 1934). 11 Sinee Clause -VII does 

not apuear in the PRA substitution for Inde~endent TeleuhOne Com~anies an 

since it was the intent of the parties concerned tha.t it be omitted, the 

only wage clauses governing Independent Telephone Companies are clauses 

VI and VIII of the substitution approved for Telephone Com~F~nies. 11 

(S. s. Surrey, Legal Division, February 9, 1935). 

INDUSTRIAL WORKERS - See Paragraphs #3 and #6, PRA, pages 24 and 28. 

INSIDE SALESlviEN WORKING SOLELY ON COMl.HSSION - "Such employees are exempt 

from maximum hour an~ minimum wage requirements of the PRA, if employed 

solely o·n commission prior to June '16, 1933, see Interpretation #=6. However, transferring a clerk from salary or part salary to commission basis 

after that date, in order to avoid wage or hour provisions of FRA is a 

subterfuge and violates paragraph 8, PRA . 11 (Lt. Johnston) . Also s ee 

11 Commission Workers''. 

INSIGNIA, ~Q.VLATIONS GOVERNING USE OF 

1. Stamping Insignia on packaged products - 11Whether Insignia is 

placed upon individual package or outside cartons is optional. The 

Insignia,may be shown upon one or the other. In addition, every packer 

having the right to use the Insignia should fil e ith each wholes aler and 

retailer a sui table certifica te tha t he is a me~TJ ber of NRA, which certificat e will bo open to inspection by hous ewives a.nd others who have signed 

the pl edge in support of t.he Pre s.ident 1 s Reemployment 'F:r;og ram, and furnish 

the retailer with shelf insignia to be displayed with their products. 

9819 
-151-

The idea 'b ehind tha s rul ing i s,' hat denl t.: r s nnd manufa cture rs should 

prot e ct thems el vez by , .in som ... wa;;, showin g th1 t thej r rrodu ts a r e made 

unde r the Blue Eagl • 11 ( Cu r d ~84) . See also Admin istr ativ Or de r 

#X-138 . 

2 . ~nr dU;9~ iQ !l- 1Th HF.A insi gn·i a c r 3lue "&'"tE!:~:) has bee"l~ofit l" ly 

adop t ed by ~he rit.ed St at.es r:u,.-.... l'J1'1 .... ~1t , to s i gl'lify JT1 C'1be r sl in i n the 

NRA o 'Je a r , unC!l;l.:~e .. t o "..Utb.u:. ~.ze ~.:-;y ~l-tB·. 'd +5 n of the 'I"O"rfl.ing or it 

position , form , p..:·opor·tlcn or colo • . combiltotirm of the offi clal ~Ril. Insignia may ·be r e ·oduced-in any so·1.1J. color e1'T)n l :>yed · in the p rinting. of 

the containe r us ed , Cast ings , ca J vings · or i.m:.o r essi on s ma y be in t h e natura l 

c ol nr of mate rial us ed . For rubb e r stamp s any solid. co lor ma y b e us ed . 

II ·.e arv unabl e to author ize tempor ary or o the r USe Or r enr oduc tion 

of the official 1TRA ia until the Pl:A 8.nd Ce r tifi cat e of Co!"'lJ.liance 

or Cod e is si gned Pith ac c ept ed HRA. substitut i on s, if any , or wi t hout 

a ccepted R~ subst itutions , if none . 

"Repr oduction of t h e off.f cia i Bl tle ·Eag le· i n signia fo r rn.A Femb e rs 

is autho r i ~ed by this office t o dc r.o\;e Nl~ ~ emc~rs hin only , or an ass ociat i on l'':i. t h JI! eJn0e r ::hi u . The iE;.S i -o;n i a: . bear i ng the' "I,'ITO :td "me:"l.Qe r II may 

b e ed un on such me:tJb.c r 1 s· e quipment , g o'1 d s, communi ca;t ion s a nd pr emis es. 11 (Card /Ll 285 ). 

"The i n signi a must be u s ed s o t ha t it will cleFJr).y ind i cate t o t h e 

g en er al p-vbJ..ic ~1 t t:h.e per son or fi:tm uc ine; the i n signi'a i s a !Demb er of 

t h e 1TRA. :Furth.::! I' . URA m.6i'nb e r s· may d i s t r i ly_lte fr ee t o enipl oye e s a nd consume r s , articl es bearing t he n~· ni a a nd rry:l,~g t he "'ords 1 consume r' 

or 1 employee 1 • · · • •.· 

"The insigni a is t he p r op e rty·. of the Uni ted S~a:te s . .Gov e rnment .. and 

cannot be approp riat ed i n wh-u i e ··or i n pa r t) f or p rivn. t e · purp ose s. ,Rep r oduc tion of the ins~ ni a i s riot tho ized f or ptlrp os·e s of copyright 

or r egist r ation as a t r a dem&.rk or .·tra d e n8r-1e , fo r d e co r at i on , or for 

ri va e ·b&rt c r and sal e: , ··Au.thor.i zat i on is n o t g :;-anted. t o i.ndi ? criminately 

buy Or Se l l, an retai l. . llOVAJ +J ie s l out to n2 ~ emb l ems , p en c ils , "e tc . , bearing the 1 r. c nsume r :· ·i n s i gnia. " Such sale s .:- .r e T'1G".de at the s 8l l e r 1 s own 

r i sk . 0~ E; I'S O:,Jerat i ng the ir own esta.-b·!. if. hmen+.s \1 i t h ou t any emp loyee s 

may obta in ths i n s i gn ia of NRA by s i gning the Ag r eement a nd a Ce rtifica te 

of Comp l i a n ce . " (Card #1286 ) . 

3 • . At t aching Blue.! Star s to Bl ue Ea gl e Ins i gnia f or ea ch add itional 

Employee addeG. - 11 Thi s p r a c t ice is not offi c i ally a u tho ri zed . Stars 

TIUst no t b e p laced ove r t h e Ea gle o r ove r its b l ank backgr ound, but must 

·ce placed ~ve, below, or to each side of the ins i gni a . 11 ( Card :!l-1287 ) 

9819 
-152-

. '• r • 

, : 4 .•... Whit.e , strip. across Insignia ··he re an employer is operating 

under an excep~ion - See "Stays" a nd Releas e ·· 1T:o • 495. 

INTERNES (HOSPITAL ) - · See "Professional Occupationsi' • 

. INV:EN'TORIES - See "Paragraph ~2, PRA, Provisions", page 23. 

IRRIGATION PROJECT PLOYE S ·:HO PUUP \:ATE TO RICE FIELDS. EmPlo-yer 

Receiving Prouortion of Rice Crop as Remuneration - "Office employees 

und.er Paragraph 2 and 5, PRA;· oilers, firemen, and ~ngineers under Paragraphs 2 or 3, as case may be." (Lt. Johnston). 

JK,:IsH HIGH HOLIDAYS - "are not considered legal holidays unless so recognized by state or Federal Governnent. 'Smployees of a tracle for which 

approved hours do not limit daily hours may make up loss o·f time for 

Jewish holidays- provided the weekly hour 1 imi ta ti0n is not ·exceeded. " . 

(L. C. ~45, September 15, 1933). 

LABOR CONTRACTS .... Sec "Contracts (labor union)". 

LANDSCAPE GARDNERS - "classed as agricultural workers if their w-ork is 

agricultural in fact; but in a city establishment they come under the 

provisions of the PRA unless substitutions state otherV'iTise." (Card 

#1186). 

LAUNDRY DELIVERYMEN - "Laundry deliveryr::1en should be classified as 'Productive Labor 1 (Substitution to the FRA apnroved for the Laundry Industry) 

regardless ·of whether they are paid by cormission, or guarantee plus commission, or straight salary." (J\Tational Compliance Board, ay 22, 1934 • 

LAUNDRY INDUSTRY SUBSTITUTION -DEFINITIONS- "(1) Laundry Establishment 

as used.herein is defined to include any place where any article of 

clothing, napery, blankets, bed-clothing, or fabrics of any kind whatsoever are washed and/or iron~d for hire .provided thPt nothing included in 

this definit.ion shall prevent an individual from pursuing the vocation 

.· .of rnanv.al labor. (2) p;.oductive Labor is defined to include (a) any employee, and (b) any owner or manager or members of his family, connected 

with or employed by any laundry este.blishment and actually engaged in 

working .. on or handling articles left for washing and/ or ironing. ( 3 ) 

Qffice Employees include all cl e rical, accounting and s e rvice employees 

working in the office of any laundry e stabiishment and in r e tail stores 

used as-- collection and delivery outlets." (PRA Policy :Board, August 

8,, 1933). 

LA.W CLERKS AND LAW STUDENTS - See "Professional Occupations". 

J.:AW FIRMS - HLaw firms ,_,rhich have o.ne or more employees a re expected to 

sign th~ PRA." (L. G. Wils.on, August 14, 1933 ) • 

. . 

LAViS, STAT_E NJD .. YEJ! t_, ___ _IN CONFLICT H PRA - "If the p rov1s1ons _of 

the PRA or substitutions can be complied ,,ri th 'I"T i thout violating' existing 

law, they do apply; but the 1\TRA cannot abrogate Fede rAl or Sta t e Laws." 

( C, S. Long). 

9819 
-153-

LOlJGSHOREi\iEN - See 11 St evedore s 11 • 

LEAR.!:J'ERS ..; See "Students & e"~ YJ.e rs 11 • 

LUNCH FOUNTAINS .Alill LUNCH COUNTERS (DRUG STORE ) - "Lunch fountains or 

lunch count er s , in drug stores, when they a r e ' ell d fined depa,rtments, 

employees of ~hich ope r a t e exclusively the rein, should be governed by 

substitutions for the PRA approved for the r e staurant industry , nd the 

p rovisions of sucn substitutions govern ith r ef e r en e to d eouctions fo r 

food obtained." (F. L. '.!9 , Novemb e r 20 , 1933). 

LUi CH HOURS - · See 1

1 Sta P.:er ing Hours 11 • 

i'iAINTENANCE EliPLOYEZS - 11 (1) Eme r g ency maintenance employees to be exemut 

from maximum hour provisions, und e r Paragraph 4 , PRA, must be in fact 

1 emer gcncy maintenance'; (2) Under substitutions, whe r e the phras e 'maintenance and r epair crews' is us ed, it signifies those emplo,ees whose 

duties are 'to ma intain existing facilities or maintain existing faciliti es 

or machinery in a certain state or condition11 and not to provide or construct such f acilities or machinery. 1Reuair crews ' means those employed 

to r esto r e to a sound or good state after decay, injury, dilap idation, or 

partial destruction~ As gene rally us ed in PRA Rnd substitutions 'maintain' 

is synonymous with 'keep in repair 1 • 11 (Card :!1:1497) 

iANAGERS - S.ee "Paragraph #4, Provisions", page 25. 

! :EALS, .DEDUCTIONS FOR - See 11 :Ueduc t ions 1

1 • 

I.;EAT MARKET ING - "Both wholesale and r e tail meat rn.qrkets should ope rate 

under t he accepted substitutions of the code for the Food and Grocgry 

Distributors Trade, pending n.do'!)tion of a r e tail meat codc . 11 (Interpretation Section, Octob er 18, 1933). 

• >iEAT PACKING HfiUSTRY - The Board de cided thA.t "paragraph 4 0f) of the 

substitution approved for the Heat P~cking Industry shall be int erpreted 

to limit to 48 hours pe r week the work of outsi~e salesmen with delivery 

dutic s 11 •· (Na t ional Complia nce Board, Novembe r 13, 1933). 11 Deliverymen 

in the J:eat Packing Industry should be limited to the 48 hour week covering 

employees engaged wholly or '!)F!.rtially in ue rforming the functions of wholesale or retail distribution (Paragraph 4 (f) substitution to PRA approved 

for the 1' \eat Packing I ndustry ' . 11 (Advisory Council, Compliance Division, 

June 6, 1934) . 

MECHANICS, AUTO REPAIR SHOPS - 11 The hours of labor .,re not to be comput ed 

on the ba sis of actu?l productive hours; but on basis of hours spent in 

the shop. 11 (PRA Policy Boa rd or t h ru Hr. Richberg, August 25, 1933). 

. . l:iEETINGS, SAJJES - "Sales me etings if held during 'l"'orking hours, r egul,q r 

employee s shall not be docked for time spent in meeting. A r easonabl e 

amount of time spent in compulsory meetings held after wo r king hours 

need not be included in computing 'l"'o rking hours.n (C. S. Long) . 

MErTALLY HJ\lill)CAP?ED :$l':iPLOYEES - See 11Defect i ves 11 • 

9819 
.. ·. -154-

NIILK (FLUID) DELIV:S:2YHElT- 11 Ro ul u~ del1veryuen Bnd t s;:ot delive!"'Jmen l 

in the Fluid Liilk Indus try shoul cl )e 1 i :.1i ted to t he . h our neek called 

for in Pare.grnph 3 of the substitution to. the PRA np·)roved for the 

Fluid_ l!ilk Industr y ." . ·(Advis ory Council, Comp liance Division, June 6, 

193·1). 

.. ::. 

rfi lJORS - 11 Childre n on t.h ~ .. stag e .or in night cl-~"o s ere -Jrohi b i t ed froo 

· wor:..: inc; , if t he treat res or night . cluos e::o:-oect to i~ le r t h e ::rllue C~..g le. 11 

(L. Go TTilson) • Also see ·

11.P.ar.ccg rCJ;.;h #1, PBl!.11 • • 4 ' • • , - · • 

LII NICIP.AL :CII?LOY~:CS - 11 ~he 40 hour. .:.ree k doe~ not a)·Jl y to ;nunici:9al 

em) loyees but municipa lly armed utilities ·c>.re 2-ffe c ted. "The :p oint is, 

if a state or mund:cipa ~ ty. or .pub;Lic .. u~ili ty . ( wh.eth~r ~:mb licly or pri ve.tely· . owned) nan t s to. si gn the ·: PP..A . c.ng. ge t the Eagle, they nus t c om:Jly ":'Ti th 

its p r ovisions. 11 (I?Rf .. ·,;poiic2f ::S oe._!'P- .or . tht-ti !1r! )lichb.erg, AUt;ust 25, 193'3 ) . 

See 11 Governments 11 . ... _,:: . 

; .. 

l'ITJ1H CIPALITI S, COUlTT'Y . .AL:C) '; STAT~ ' GOVE.tl.IiiS!TTS _. II I{ not under PRA mny 

disp l ay . t he NRA el"lble.J71., in· lr.RA de rJOfl.s.tr,nt_i C?T:lS.t . but. ~~:r on _nunici:pal build-

. ing s unless t{le . c:i ty s. .volunt0.ril y. com~J in : nt th' P?"" ~ 11 (Lt. Johnston). 

LIUSICL'\J:JS - "Limited to. a .. 40 hm..u" w~ek a.ncl Pari:l.t; ~ph 5, PR.A for · minimum 

WL'.ges. 11 (Ca rd #1310). 

0 • 

NJJ..TlTRAL GAS INDUSTRY SUB.STITUTIOlT- 11 Gas.:..conditioni.ng lJl ['Jlt · operators 

whose pr esence is essentia l _to the. eff ici ent and s.:Ue opera tion of gasconditioning p lants, are interp r e t ed to be i n the cl ss of station 

oue r <tors and .. come. under the sane· -;Jrov-isio"ns c:.s to hours of: .. ~a or as .i. . • • • • • • • • 

p rovided in the substi tution.s a;)pr.oved for the Naturai Gas Industry. 11 

(PRA Policy :Board, Augus't 11, 193_3) . 

NEWSPAPER Ai.TD MAGAZI NE DISTRIBUT I HG IiTDUS:·iRY St.r-:l STITUTIOli - 11 Carriers 

on a wac e basis shall be . ::>ai <i the · ninirnu.""'l rr::tg e_ f or full week in urben 

and rurel · se.ct·ions ··nnd . an hourly ·r a te b <?.s er"'. on <'- 48 hoti.r ee ~ for less 

than a full week. 11 (Nati qna l COIDJ.Jliance Boe.rd, · J~.nuar~r 25 , ~ 934 ). 

~ . . ... ' " · ·, 

~JEWSP.AP R PHOTOGRAPHERS - ·See "Profe ssional Occu.!.)ations 11 • 

HIGHT CLUB El1TERTAUTERS (JUVElJILB) ·- . Se e "Actors and Night Club 

Entert a ine rs (Juvenile ) 11 ,. . 11 r.ip. o~ 1 fl l "Pe.ra;;r rrph #=1, PRA.11 • 

NONCOHl.lERCIAL EMPLOYERS - "There is 11othing to ~J ev :1t ' a,.,.J. eLiployer of 

l8.bor outside of tracLes and i·ndustri-e s , a ny rofes ion l rnDn or organize.t i on or e.ny noh-l)rofit. org_<?.p._i zo.ti on , fr orn signi nc; t he President's 

· Reeo) loymei1t . Ag r e.e ri1Emt : a nd co~formin:3 to i .ts :)rovisi ons. This does not 

mo8.n , ho"SJever, thr>t there is any compulsion to do so , oth e}' than that 

resulting f ror:1 a d:esir·e to c:oope.r a te ~ nhen ·_J o:9r~ te, Tii th a general 

prog ram of s...h.o rter hours· e.ncl higher ·rrac;e_s • 

. To the extent "t hat l abor is en red in occupations comparable 

with tro.cie s or i ndustries , it is, of course, desirr)b l e th,"'.t similar 

conditi ons il~·· This ~J) lie s ·to y rofe ssiona l men or org.:mizntions, 

hos·oi tals, educC1.ti anal i ns t rtu t io;ns, or any non-:)rofi t organi zn. tion, .tt 

(Basic :x:p <m tion #l , Gen ~. l Johnson, HRA :Bull e tin #4) • · 

9819 
-155-

ON-INDUSTRIAL WORKERS,- Se e 11 Par a raphs #2 c:>nd #5, Provisions ", T'fl es 

22 and 27 . Also see "Signing the PRA and Cer tifi cate of Com lian e." 

NON-METROPOLI TAN PUBLI SHING-PRINTHiG AND PRINTING INDUSTRY_ SlJB_STITUTI ON. ~ 

"Carriers on a rage basis shall be paid the minimum wage specified f or 

sales employees f or a full week and an huurly rete based on 40 hours per 

week fo r . less then a full week. " (National Com_l iance Board, J anua ry 25 , 

1934) . 

NON-PROFIT ORGANIZ TIO~S - ( hilanthrupi ., Charitable, Edu ational or 

Religious) - "Non-profit .or ganizRtions are on., idered as emnloyers f or 

the purpose s of h~ agreement." (Basic Interpretation #16 , General J ohnson, 

NRA Bulletin #4). "T}J.e PRA is a voluntary measure and may be signed by 

anyone who desires t o sign it, inclu ding hospitals, charitable or social 

welfa re organiz at i ons. So far as pe rmanent codes are concerned, it is 

not exnected thRt codes will cover hospitals, charitable or social welfare 

orgenizati uns in general, as they are not engaged in trade or industry. 

There is nothing t o prevent any of these orgamzati ons from signing the 

fRA ~~d confurmihg to i t s pr ovisi ons. This does nut mean, however, that 

subject to the following sent ence, they are under any compulsion t o do 

so, other th.on that resulting from a. desire to coGperate whereever appropriate and so far as pussible with a general pr ogram of re employment at 

Gh orter hours and higher wages. M1 enever hospitals or social welfare 

or ganizations, even .if ·not organiz ed. for profit , actually engage in a 

trade or industry, they ~h uld sign the PRA, and they may come within •h& 

ter:ms of nermanent· codes'." (rard #1~13). 

NURSERY~~N "Classed as agriculturPl workers if their work is agricultural 

in fact; but in a city est?blishment they come under provisions of the PRA 

unless substitutions state otherwis e. It (Card #1186). See also "Greenhouse 

Emnl oyees n. 

NURSES - See 11 ?ro.fessi onal Occupati ons". 

OFFICE BUILDING INDUSTrtY SUBSTITUTI ON t. 11 The term 'watchmen' as usee 

in the substitution f or PEA f or the Office Building Industry includes 

empl nyees ,uhose duties are primarily those of watchmen but w.ho in adci tion 

op~ ate elevators f or accomodation of tenants entering and lec:>v ing af~er 

usual working hours, and wh o el so perform light porter work." 

(Com~liance Council, NRA, Oct ober 1, 1934). 

OFFICE EN!PLOYEES (LAUNDRY) - See "Laundry Industry Substitution Definitions"• 

OIL COMPANY CONTRACTS. - See "Contracts (Oil Compc:mies) "• 

OPTOMETRISTS - See "Pr fessi ~al Occupations". 

0\~NER-OPE.RATED STORES - "Owners ope rating their own establishments without 

any employees may obtain t ne insignia of NRA by signing the Agreement and 

a Certificate of Compliance. 1

1 (Basic In tarpreta tion #14, G~neral Johns on, 

NRA Bulletin #4). Also se e "F~ily St ores 11 • 

PRA PARAGRAPHS (OFFICIAL EXPLANATIONS) i. !i 

The foll owing "Official Explc:tnat'ions of the PRAff were incorporated 

in NRA Bulletin #4, approved by General Johns on and T. S. Hammond , 

xecutive Director President 1 s ·Reemployment Program. 
Aa./I_Cr~--P..Pl{_ 1:~ 1; . PRA .CQhil d t4:tor) ;. "This· me~s ;t ~ aft r August 31, 1£33, 

y ou ree not t o emnloy r:rri;Y'. h:l cl.re '. :urider yka s. o1 d:- -a y :~ nd of busie~s · ::ol.l nay emp loy -children . be t ·rreen 14 and -l 6 y-ears · ol d , but. only -for .' 3 

hours a d.::w 2.ncl t hose hour's Fl\··.st be·, .. Een_ 7. ~ t h e. morning and 7 at :1ight , 

an d a rranged so a s no t . t.o .. irit.er fe r e wit~ .. C'ii'o¢' 1'.~' ·:Y.o:u ---·ag::re'e not t<?. ellT_9l _oy 

e.ny chi ldr en 'l:m:de r 16 y ea rs ol;d in a: r.la'Yluf.a ctu ring or . mechani ca l indl.istcy- at 

an y tine . II 

PARAGPiPH #2, ·· PJA ,(Hours f.:tpp.licabl e to Non-Industrial 1Jorkers and Store o r 

Servi ~ O•Jerat i on s ). - This mea:n·s t'hat .you ag~e e no t :t.o. wor k any of t h e 

kind s o·f m:9 lo ees listed,· :i,n t h is _:7ara;r aph e~_c t :u ts-i~ :. _l ~~~)__ _- fo r 

,mor e tha:.1: 40 hours .a nreek .. This par a E:;r ap'b, co ve r~ a _ll ·employ e e s e:: e~ . f ac t -

"ory '.'TO rkers, mechan,i cal ·7or e~ s and 'a rt isa;q:s , :.:Hovieye·r·, no lilfli t on hour s an 

no mir~imU m 1.-:age app lies t o · :pur ely agl" i C'lil ~u l labr.r, do rri~ i c-ser v241t s_, or 

pe ons · wo r k i ng .for-you ~olely ·on ·a ' comn ission:· ba s.t s; .·l;mt if you have -qerso~s 'no'rici t.tg for you WhO. re gu.Prant e ed. a 9~ Se :pair . in ?,ddi tiotl. to·· the ~ COID-

' ~ission, t'hen ·the ir .·bas e lJC?-Y plus :co'mm-ission s . T!TU ~~ ' ~q i- t h e minimum ua.ge . I • :, • ' ' ' . •. ." :· : ~ • • • • ~ • : ' • • • . 

"Thi. S· Agre ement setS, n O" 'ma :x i rmim; on. :the, ~b e~ : _of h.ou'rs you· 1nay_ k~ -p 

.your busi'ness open. You agree' h6"t' 'to ·· k·eep , your ·_ ~ho~es , ·retail or_ s- i ce 

establl.·srunent .open : le 9. s t han 52 ho1..i.rs ·a. i'"!ee}.c -unle $S . i t ..,as ·open less t:han 

52 . hours a ,'r·t=lek before july i~ . 1.933 . : ':Even ~~ yo:u 8.gr e e to k eep it ep en as 

lon g · a s · you ·u·sed·.,to.keep i{ ol) en bef0 i~ e.Jul;:,.-:,- i. .' ·o'f urse ; if you ·have a lw; ,ys· ~ept your ':st o re op en . shqrt e r 0urs in t h e . surnm .. r rhon t h s you ·can cont i nu 

to do so t his sumner, 'but yoli:''· sh pD;ld nay 5•our. employe'E? s the .:s a!n& amount each 

:- wee.k tha t t h ey ,-,ill g et '.:hen ym.:t -lt e ep ·your st ,or.e op en fu:ll tim·e. · 

The .. :" to res y;r i th ~ore t hem ,~ o . e·mploy ees ~Yh h rema ~n op en the longest 

are .. co 1 trL)uting t h e most to ca:rrybi.·g 'out the pu .r p.o se of the re~rrtent. 

The store s with two or less emp loyees" '.'?h ich · can .. be open, mly t he mini mum 

number of hours required a re doing t he most to fulfill the ~ part. ll 

. PARAGRAPH # 3, PRA (Maximm Hours. ·app.li'cabl e :t-o I ndu.stri al Work ers - Fa cto r y 

.or I•.Iechanical Worke r or ..A..rtis?-n) - . ~' is means that if you ar•e employ ing 

.. : .f ctory Qr mechanical ' work ers o:r a rtisa"ls, you agree n ot .t o_ '."70rk t h en mo re 

· :i . t han :?5 hours a week cmd no~ m6rE? .. . ·8 hours in-- Y one day . 

liW'.neri y ou· have more. :than' ._t h e :U~al 21!10un t _of work t o db and can ' t g et 

additional ,-,orker s, you l'IlaY employ _· t-his class of employe-es _u p to 4'0 hours 

· •- ·a week in any 6 weeks, but even 'in t h is caq e yo-q_ r.:mst not _w·or k them more 

tha n 8 hours · a day ." 

. : . 

PARAGRAPH #4, PRA (Employ ees xe te~ ,from Maxi mum Hour l?r'ovi sions) - 11Thi s 

mean s that t here a re cert e.in emp loye es '7ho6 -you m~r work long er hou r s t han 

are a llowed by p aragr.aphs 2 and . 3, .P. 3.. A . 

" 

, · 11 If your busin e ss is. i n a small toYm (population les s t han· 2, 500 by the 

19:50 ~~nsus) 'and you do no t emp loy more ·than t' \'To l) c;rsona, t he limit on hours 

·does n ot appl y ' to t he se employees. I f you r ': t own i s. r.eall y :a part .of a l argel 

busine s s COJilliTQ1 i t y , the li i t on hour's· ~e .. s:· .apply to .t he se e~p loyees. 

·~: . 

981 9 
- 157-

"The l i mi t m hou r s doe s not Flp ·:-l y to you r em l o:yees who ar e V''h ol l:y 

or rimaril y ID?nD er s or execut ives, as l ong as they r eceive $35 a week. 

Pr ofessi onal pe r .o ns, lik d0c t or s, l awyers , r egister ed phar macists and 

nurses, may be. em l oyed without any limit on huu r s. 

'' Wher e empl oyees a r e doi ng emer gency j obs of mai ntenance or r epair 

wo rk, they may be kept on the j ob fo r l onger hour s, but y ou agr ee t o pay 

them a t lea st t ime and one third f or hours worked over t he l i mi ts set i n 

paragr aphs 2 and 3, PRA. 

11 ·Jlhere are a f ew very s pe c i al cases wh er e highly skill ed workers must 

be allowed t o work mor e then the limit of hours in order t o l;:e ep up output 

on cont inuous pr ocess, but~ here again, you agr ee t o pay them at l east time 

an d one third fo r t he hours they wo rk ov er the limits set in paragraphs 2 

and 3, PRA." 

PARAGRAPH #5, PRA (Mini mum Wages a-;:1 plicable to Non-Industri al Workers -

Paragraph #2 Empl oyees) - "This s e ts out. the .schedule of minimum wages which 

you agree to pay alL :empl oyees., except f actory or meche.ni cal workers or 

artisans. The wages are ·s e t out in terms .C? f . dollars per week, but if y our 

empl oyees are paid by the hour, y ou may use the foll owing schedule: 

Place of business 

(Population by 1930 Census) Iinimum wage 

In cities of 500,GOO or over. • • • . . . . • • 37! cents per h our 

In cities vf betneen 250,000 Jlld 500,000 • • . 36! cents per hour 

In cities of between 2,500 and 250,000 • . • . 35 cents per hour 

. "If your busine ss is in a t own of less than 2, 500 popu~ati n, you 

agree t o raise all wages at least 20 percent • . If raising all wages 20 

percent causes you to pay over $12 per we ek, then you need only pay the 

$12 per week. 

"If there is any doubt in y our mind as to whether your business is 

in the 'imr!'ledi a te tra de area' of a city, you should ask your local chamber 

f commerce or other similar organizati on f or a decisi on on the .matter. 

The general rule is that the 'immediate trade area' is the area in which 

t here i s direGt retail competiti on.n 

PARAGRAPH #6, PRA (Minimum Wages ap9licabl e . t o Industrial Workers 

Paragraph #3 Empl oyees) - "This fixes the mini.mum wage ':":'hich you agree to 

pay ·fact ory and- mechanical workers and artisans. The foll owing schedule 

may help you t o find out the ~er rate: 

If the rate f or the same kind of work in 

the same community on July 15; 1929, 

was -

The minimum rate which you 

agree to pay is -

More than 40 cents an hour •• ~ •••••• 40 cents an hour 

30 cents t o 40 cents an ·hour •• • ••••• The July 15, 1929, hourly rate 

Less than 30 cents an hour-••••••••• 30 c~nts an h our 

"Instead qf paying by the hour, you may pay by the week at a rate 

wh ich gives the same weekly earnings f or a week of 35 hours. For example, 

instead of 40 cents an hour, y ou may 'pay $14 per week. 

9819 
-158-

I . . . 

·"If yo·u had a contra,c.t on, or before August 1. 1933, with. a learner 

or apprentice, you do not hav e to pay hirn the mi'nimu.m wage~ . but no one 

should be classed as a learner or an apprentice who has ever been employed 

as a r egular worker in your industry. 

PARAGRAFH #7, PRA (Compensati on f or EPlpl.oyment) "Paragraph #7 means, 

first, that compensati on uf employees ab ove the minimum wage group (whether 

now fixed by the h our, day, week, or otherwise) . sHall not be reduced, either 

.. to 'c·ompens.ate .the em-pl oyer fo.r. increases tha.t he .. may 1:>e required to make in 

the minimum wage gr.oup in order to comply w~ th .. tb,e agr_eement, or to turn 

· this reemployment agreement ·. in.to a . mere .. share ... the-work movement without a 

·resulting increase of total purchasini po rer. ' This first p~ovision of 

paragraph 7 is a general statement of what ·shall not be done .. ',.; .. ( 

. :· "The -rest · of···Paragraph ; 7 ~s a .par.ticular st-atement cf .,.-rhC?.t shall be 

·done-, which is that rates e f pay for e~ploy ees : abov·e the miniiiiUm wage 

group shall -be increased. by equitEl bl~. r:eadjustments.'. No hard and fe.st 

:rule can ·be laid down for such readjustments, because the va.riations in 

rates Of 'pay and h ours. of work WO'Q..ld make the applicat i on Of any f ormula 

unjust in. thousands of cases. We. pre~ent, howev~r, the { allowing examules 

of the need for and methods of such readjustments: 

"Example 1. Employees now IIT~ rklng 40. h ours per week· in facto ries. 

When hours are reduce.d .to. 3.5,. tP.e. present ,rate per h0ur if increased one 

seventh· would pro:vide .th.e .same _compen.sa·t i o.n for a n'o rrrial week t s work as 

before. .. ·,· 

"Example 2. Employees now working 60 hours -per week in :actories. 

When hours are. reduced ,to 35, a rate per hour if increased one seventh 

might be insufficient ·tq provide proper compensation. But, t o incr.ease 

the rate by five sevenths, in order to provide the same c ompensati on for 

35 h ours as previously earned in 60, mi ght impo se an inequitable burden 

on the employer., The 60-hour week migh t have been in effect because of 

a rush of business, although a 40-hour ·week might have been normal 

practice at the same h ourly wage. Seasonal or tempore.ry i;ncreases in 

hours now in effect, or recent ~ncre as es in wages, are proper factors to 

be taken into consideration in m9king equitable readjustments. 

"The policy governing . the readjustme.nt of 1JITages of all employees 

in what may be termed the highE?r wage. gr-iimps·· ~quires, n ut a fixed rule, 

but t equi te.ble readjustment J in view of long· t~ding differentials in 

pay schedules, with due regard for the f e.ct. ·that pay rolls are being 

heavily increased and that employees will receive benefi ts from shorter 

hours, from the reemployment of o ther v.rorkers., end fr om stabilized employment which ma.y increase their, yearly earnings. 

"The f orego ing examples incHcn t e the necessity of dealing with this 

pr obl em of 'equitable r.eadj.us.tli!eD;t '. o_f _t h e higher rates of pay on the 

basi·s of' oonsidera tion .. of t.he, v;ar:y~ng circumstanc.es an_o conditions of the 

thousands of · enterprises .<"nd .e!Ilp~ ym~n~s involved_ Any att empt to define 

a nation8.1 standard would be productive of widespread injustice. The 

National Rec overy Administrati qn will, through l ocal ~gencies, observe 

carefully the menner in which ~mplo ers comply with their agreement to 

make 1 equitable readjustments ', and will take fr om time to time and announce 

9819 
-1 g.:..· 

from 'vac:hington such action as me.y e n cessary to corr ect clear ces s of 

unfairness and to aid conscientious empl oyers in carr ying out in good 

faith the terms uf the agr ement , 

"lv'hen .an em l oye r signs _E'n abr em nt and certifies 11is compliance 

and al so j oins in the ~ubmi si on of a Cod · of Feir Competition before 

September 1 , 1933 , his determinati on jf what ar e 1 e'quitabl e r ead justments ' 

·should be ecc pted at lea st prior t o Septembe r 1, as a prima facie co~~ 

pliance Vl'i th his c>greement, pendin6 action by N.HA upon the code submitted, 

or ?ny 9th . r ct~ by NRA taken to insure proper interpr e teti ons or ap-

:?lications of egreements, This ~T ill afford Nh.A an opportunity to survey 

the gene l results of the e~ yment ro ram and t o iron out diff iculties 

and m~sunder tendings over a6 r eements that ar e of a substantial charecter. 11 

~Basic Int er ur et ti?n #1, July 26, 1933 , General J ohns on, NRA Bulletin #4). 

11 Paragr :t-.h #7 prevents the r educti on of compensati on in excess of 

the·· m~nimum, ,,.vhether it is Pcid by the hour, day, 'lV eek, or month. 

11 1he refore , an empl oyee pr evi ously pei d by the dey, week, or month 

will rece:i .ve as much f or the shorter day , '111eek, or month, 

11 An empl oyee previousl y paid by the hour will r ec e ive a s much per ' 

;hour, ,but as shrntening his hours will re duce his actuel earnings· p.er 

dF~y . or 1l'teek his co.m-p-ensati on per hour is to be incr eased by an equi tabl·e 

readjustment. 

• 11 ·rhere is no fixed rul e wh ich cen be eppli ed. to determine what is 

an equi te bl e r eadjust ment , In general, it will be squ i table to figure 

~hat the empl oyee would hF~ve earned at his pr evi ous r ate per hour in a 

normal week in the industry, Bnd then to incr ease the hourly r ate so as 

to give him substantially the s ame compensation as he would have go tten 

for that nor.mal week, But consideration must be given t o other factors, 

including : Is the ex isting rate high or l.ow comnared Vl.ri th the average 

rate paid in the industry? Ifill the r e sulting adjustme'i1t result in an 

unfai.r competitive advai1tage t o other empl oyers or ·o ther trades or 

industries? Will a l ong- standing wage diff€rential be l ost if there is 

no. increase in the existing r a tel 

Un:lon Contr c;cts 

, .i: "rJhere an employe r is u~d by the tez:ms of a _contr a ct· with a 

labor · oragnization entered into as the r e sult bt bona fide collec tive 

bar gaining and he is .. unable t o effect a ChPnge in siJ.Ch .COntract by :agreement in or der to compl y with the terms of the Presi.dent 1 s Reemployment: 

Agr eement., he mey cer tify his com;plJ ance with the . President 1 s .Agreement 

.wi -th t he f oll oming excepti on: 1 Except as, required t6 CDmpl y ""'~ i th the terms 

of agreement in effect betwe en the undersigned and · . )'.c 

-------------- ~----------·· ur gani za t n)_ 

(n F~me bf l e·bor. r. · 

"It should be understood that his excepti on can be made · only in ·the 

case of ? .c optract not sub,ject .t o change at the discretion 'of the employer 

and then. Oply after R certified copy of the cont'r2ct has been filed iv-ith 

the National Recover y Administrati on and it's approval has been given t o 

the exce~tion stated. 

9819 
-1 60-

"When c:rpplicati on is made for 8nprovrl of such an exce-pt i on , the 

epplication will be handled by the Nati on.s:::. Re covery Administ-~8t on in the 

same manner a s anplications for relief> in c·ases of individual hardship file ~ .. . 

under p8ragraph 14 of t he President 1 s .Eeempl oyment Agr eement, provided, 

however, that the appr oval of a trP..de association or other r epresentati ve 

organization will not be requiredon (:Sasic Interpretat i on #20, August 3, . 

1933, General J ohns on, 1~ Bulletin #4 )~ 

. . 

"The following pa.r a.graph is added at the end of interpretation no. 20: 

11 When applicati on is made f or a-pprova.l 9f such an excepti on, the 

ap licati n will he handled by the Nati onal Rec overy _Administr8 t ion in 

the same manner as apDlicat i ons f or relief in pases of indivi~ua.l hardphip 

,. filed under paragraph . 14 of the Pre sident 1 s Re empl oyment Agreement: PrOvided, howeve r, · That the approval of a trade ass ociati on or other representative or ganization will not be required. 

11 Wi th this addition, the last three paragra.phs of interpretati on 

no. 20· are as fo'llo1llfs r 

11 VJbere an ·erirplo;;rer is bound oy the ·terms of a n~r ct with a 

la.bor organization· entered into as the r e sult of bona fide collective 

b.a.rgaining and he is unable to effect a change in such contract by 

agreement in order to comply with the terms of the Presidentts Agreement 

with the following exception: 'Except as required t o comply with the · 

terms of agreement in effec t between the undersigned a.nd 

(Name of labor organization) 

"It should be understood that his exc8pt i on can be made )nly in the 

case of a contract not subject t o change et the discreti on of the employer 

and then only after a certified copy of the contract has beeL filed with 

the National Recovery Administrati on and its appr_oval has be en given to 

the exception staied. 

11Wfien application is made for ap-proval ·Of such an exception; tile 

applicati o"n will be handled by the National Recovery Admin i-stration in the 

same manner as applications for relie·f in cases of inC:.ividual hardship 

filed under pa ragraph 14 of the Pre sident's heempl oyment Agre ement: Provided, however, That the apnroval of a trade association or other representative organization will not be required." (Basic Interpretation #21, 

August 21, 1933, .General Johns on, NB.A Bulletin #4). Also see 11 Contr ?cts 

(Labor Uni on)" and "Contracts". 

PARAGRAPH #B, PRA- (Antisubterfuge) "This is the heart uf the whole 

Agreement.. The President's Plan is t o cure this depre ssion by increasing 

purchasing power. · You can hel-p him -put this -plan over by voluntarily 

signing this Agreement t o shorten hours and r a ise wage s. There is no 

FORCE to compel you t o sign this Agreement. ; It is not LAW. It is a 

pe r sonal .A.gr8ement between you and the Pr esident. The President expe cts 

you t o do everything in your -po er to carry out the spirit of the Agreement after you sign it. ·J:lhis me ans who l ehearted cooperation by really 

EARNING the Blue Eagle - not by just ge tting it and then not doing your 

part. 

9819 
_, 61-

"It woul d be a 1 subter nre L> 1ru tr[t tn' s irit .:"lnd intent of 

this Agre ement ' to sir-;n it pY1(i tt n l.'Ui ~ll uf ;y cu1· eHfll oyeus ...~n ,_ str Airht 

commissi.:m b.~ sis - or cny other tric1c t C> VJid ci l i.nr:· n~t yuu or a1s1is t o du. " 

P.ARI\Gt..4.PH ff'E_.__X_~.A. f Anti ";:'l !'vfi~ eri 5 ) - 11 I'[le ob j rct ~l this nrr:~.c; rP h is t o 

prevenG l;!·o:-·'lt rin~ 0 1· S1 )8~:, l1.U ;n, so tr t ... ·::ces "'ill nut r.i..sc: fpste r 

thq,1 uur~.1 , in.P.: , o rer 9 • .:-•• 1:1 1 s cr '-'l t~1e ur c sillen·: 's Pl.;>n . L ·e c.'toncrr t o be 

avoided was uointPd C>o ~ uy the?! rt un Jun ~ lC , 1933 , in the statement 

which h e made on signi::.g the R CC>ve:c r Ac":. o Ee SFlid , th n : 

'If ~e o~ inflate prices a s rs1 and as fp r as we in crease wages, 

the vrhole uroject •• il::. c e sec at nau _::>;t1L We CCI net h ope f or ~e full 

effect of t~i s pl c:; n u...1 1.ess, in tLesc first crit5.ca1 m . .Jr•ths. o:-.c'l~ even 

at the exuense uf full ini tic<l. '!:'l'Ofi ts 9 we def 8r nricc incrr ?s u s as 

l ong as passibl ee If \·•e C~n th'u.s start 1. s~r o~:c!:(~ sou11d u~ ·a r '.i spira l 

of business acti' j ty ou r indu s ies will hHve l j. ttle doubt of black-ink 

operC?ti ons in th~:; last C:UCIT~ r uf ~hi3 y et•r. The pent-·U.'O demC?nd. of this 

people is very 'Tea t 1 ru1d if v·e can release it on so "roC1 d 2. front , we 

need not fccr a lagf:; i n r e c ove2.•. • Th e1 c i s gr en ter d nge r of t oo much 

feverish speed . I 

"If y9u were sellin.g y our :,1e r 0handise on July l, 1933 , be l o1111 cost , 

y ou may take y o2r coat p ric e on thdt dC~t d as t he basis for determining 

the allowaol e incree> sG under ·this 1.'::' r ac;!·arh. 11 

P.AJlAG-RAPH l~F';. .. L. (Cvoperc.tion) - ':·:rhe success of the President 1 s 

Reem-;;,loyrue11t· _:~g r· -:::etJe:n L :r-1rof·cpm denonr1s U ?OY' public support go ing to 

tho se who r aise ~Jct;es a11d shurt en hou r s in aGcJrd.:mcG v1i th this agreement, 

in order to r epa:v them f or the extra expense Vihic11 they have in.curred in 

doing their part~ 11 

PARAGRl[FS #11, A (Code s) - 11 J1hi s Bg r e ernent is P temporary measure to 

t i de ov &r tne ti ~e o~ ~ until 2l l ew?l f rs Pnd emr l oyees c e> n cooperate 

und8r c.odos 01 f a i r um:;.:;t~ i.o n und :L~ t Le aT...i rF l Inci.llstri n.l Recove ry Act. 

You. a.gree , in tln s pe!'E'..grr-,;,::.) to do a .L:!. you c·an tJ heve a c ode submitted 

.for your tr.s de or inC: e!.Ptrv befo r Septerr.ber 1 , :!. ~J33 ." 

P.hRAGRA?H i'•l21 ?3A (Ap-propri:::.tte AJJ s": "1s- n:.s)- liThis agr eeme nt wi l _l, 

usually, inc~ e2se t he co sts uf tho:oe ;~~rfl. o sign it" The purpose of this 

para ra~h is t9 Pe ss any suc.:£1. j ncreased. c o st s al ~ f r om one signer to 

another, and s c on t o t he c on cumc r . 

"If y "u have a con t r act Ji!ade b e fore June 1 6 , 1933, to buy goods at 

a fixed price , y)u agr ~ t o ~hke 2~ rr Fn~e~e~ t ~ith your s ell e r s o that 

y ou p8y btu f ur -:: he ex":ira c o:;t t o h1.m ccnsed L~r his ha7ing s:.gned t his 

·a greement , or ha ving c ome unJ e r P. c ode apm oved by the -Pr e siden • : 

11 In s'~me .c cse s tb8 fin?l buyer is tb e Government, 1rh ich , unde r 

eKis:ting 1 &.1' ', is gen e rally not all Ov7e d t o pay mvre than the cor. trac t price. 

The Pre side nt ha~ an.J:O'JJ'1 c ed thct he v•i l l :::- ec::lD'TlCr:.d to Congr ess that a,ppro .... 

priations ~e Jne>cie to 2 ~1011 t:11?. ove rnm~ ::.t to p:~n.y its part by pC?.ying 

Government contra to:r s i':ho have sig.n.e d tile a .o;r ee . .Jel1-: f or the i r increased 

c osts. Ihe Pr e s1dent .nas c>.l s r.J ar:;pe· l ed t J e States and cities to take 

acti on permitting them to do lik e~ ise . 

9.819 
-162-

11 You should hC~ ve no fear that, because your buyer he.s not signed, you 

will be left with the increased cost -on y ou alone. The President expects 

every employer to sign this a.gre ement." Also see "Contracts" 9 IlCon tracts 

(Federal) 11, "Con trHct s for Good·s and/ ur Services It and "Public Act #369". 

P.ARAG:rt.AFH #13, PRA (Termination of --end Substitutions t o the PnA) -

"As pointed. out in the explanation of paragraph #11, PRA, the Presiden 

plans to have all business govern itself under rodes, anQ therefore codes 

should be promptly submitted. If l'1EA finds that the wages and hours 

provisions of a code which has been submitted are within· the spirit of, this agreement, NRAr-wif'l C'lUthorize your industry to operate- under 

those provisions rdther~ tha,n under the wages and hours provisions of 

this a€;reement." (Official Explanati on, General Johnson~ NRA :Bulletin #4). 

MAll employers are expected to si n the PRA, whether codes have been 

submitted to NRA or not (unless such codes have already been approved); 

but after the President has approved a code, or after N:~ has approved 

of the substitution of the provisions of a. code f or agreements in the 

trade or industry covered, conformity with the coda·~rovisions by an 

employer vdll be regarded as complicmce with his individual agreement.ft 

PARAG~A~H #14, PBA (Exceptions) - "If you really want t o do your part 

in the President's Reemployment prugraill, sign this Agreement. If some 

particular part of. this Agre ement causes y ou, as an individual emnloyer, 

great and unavoidable hardship, you may obtain relief by taking the 

following steps: 

11 (a) Sign the agreement 2nd mail it t o your District Office of 

the Department of Commerce. 

"(b) PrenC~re a petiti on to FRA setting out the reasons why you 

cannot comply vrith certain provisions, 2nd requesting that an exception 

be made in your case. 

"(c) Have this petiti on apuroved by your trade association, If 

there i..,s no Trade Association for your business have your petition approved by your local Chamber of Com:nerce or other rapresentative organization designated by NRA. 

"(d) If the Tr:=tde Associati on or other organiza.tion t> pproves your 

petition, send it f c J\fBA, ·in Washingt on with this approval. 

"(e) Comply with all the provisi ons of the Agreement except the one 

y ou are petitioning t o 4ave excepted. 

"(f) Sign the certificate of compliance, adding to it the foll owing 

clause: 'Except for those interim provisi ons regarding VVE!ges and hours 

which have been approved by the Tr?de Ass ociation '• 

Deliver this certificate of compliance t o y our p,ist office. You ill 

receive a Blue Eagle, but bef\)re displaying it, you must put a white 

bar ac:i.' Gss its br east with the word 1pr uvisi onal' on it. If ~.rour 

petition is finally approved by NRA you may F~ e t he bar dawn. If your 

petition is not approved by ~JRA you :rust comply with the agreement in 

full. 

9819 
- lK'-

liThe .feet hf't RA has n~ C' ted t u tl e ·u titu ion uf th wages 

and h our r ovi j_ ns \.d n c; de s 1, ml ~ e o~r r ·.J r tr'-~r e ur indus +nr , 

f o r the wa E:S :;,n'1 h mr ,1fj."'l 0:!! . !' the Fr · 1•:., :1 t IS A re ;nent d) s 

n ")t dep ivP y ) f' 

~ y ;u:r en:~;rly urd~=>r tl • .:.. s qr e ", .c. nl1 ~ 

11 Ii vvu fe~=>l tl f'V"n :1 th L1e substj :-ut~d pr cviPions: th . 

Pr e s i den 1 s <:· rrr:;nr ,,i.ll c-.n'sc~ y J,l in,, .v~duG ly : a €' ea~ c.nd una vo idabl e :a r r:h.:. : y u I: 1.....ld fJi: c~.,, t':' :el s utl.~ne d in ,hi s oa t.:..gr;:.t-l-} • 

~hen yu i~n t e ~ili at.~ .:>f C.>.,:pl j :\L_,E: :{0U "h ... il .. l. r. add he fJlJ.C.7i ng : 

' :ro ne ex~ent .)f 1RA Ln1sc;;t, .:1s n:.-.•lli:c·d, \7e ·.P vc c,r;rpl j G. wit;'l :-!1~ 

Pre i ·ier. t 1 a "'reome::1t ~y co· .. -.. 1 • .}'i!16 ;iJ .. h t11e· Cl.1~s~ituie<J pr ov isi "rd o f 

the c d e bmi t tecl , :.· ', 'J e __ __ r:. a~ e; I '1du. srry 1 ~ ar.d 1 k}\ c ep t 

f or h o s e 1nteri.n pr v.:. s i un · .,e 0 e r d.i.H0 ag~s an-1 h 1Jl.1I'G which hR e 1een 

approved by the JlraO.~) Ass ocintiono I 

"A pe rs on whu bel::..eves t:~1et snme peJ ~. i ,ul Ar provisi..m in the Agr e e.-

ment, becA.use of pecul~c-1r ci-rcn•1stnr,cos, v•il l C.CC'G::.e f,r·eat and un?\Oidable hal,u~ilir,> sould r e are t' net::..'.-h.r. :) }; _<J\. c:..s~ ·.i f1_g :r--r· e s t"l.y or this 

prov~.s u!l as t o 1 i:n. ne sh.Ju.1 d ther snbmjt thi :--- .)atHi.on tr~ til£ t,:rade 

ass-J c::. 3.ti ' n )f h 1 s inr.'..lstrys or, i:!:' t:'l r i; ~s n~e , tu tne l ocal c:-1amber 

of coiLwe-:.·ca or simila r .:·T' er;':)nt~t i';e e;c:·~ zar.i.o n der i g:1at eC.. .by .-RA f or 

i s 2_ cr ovPl o Tte wr~ ~ter .~ l 8f tnc t~ade a·soc~at n o r su ch other 

r gru:::..za i c n ~i!.:;.. oc; nccep ':HJ. b~. ~P.A as the as~s f or c? temporary :-:- tay, 

withuut further _;_r;~resrigat cY!~ tenC. in5 .: isi o~1 by NRP_,_ ~ The ~e~itjo n 

mus ':; c .mtFti;; a -:-:r ·c :ui.:.~e t 'J 81JJ de 'by f'Rd.'s decisl nn , s u th8t i f NRA C:.a cides 

against t::ie -;e ::.. :.:.::1~=;!" te mn=, t i-t 8 ~: .:.. feet to the p r ov ision wh ich was 

s tayed fr JID the fat,., vr'. the; r)ec isi <J r.. uf ~~A,, 

"The ~e ti ti vn c?.nc e;;J:E)r 0\'8 1 of the trede essociation o r o ther 

or gPnizati un , as p-;:'es ,·i ~ j~(l < o·'er shvt1.l.d. 'ba f )r v·ard e d to NRA in 

Washington; rmd tLe, e n::l )Yt;>!' ·· iu~-:,. ed COj.JY ::.f ~h e Pr esi ien "..; 1 s Reempl oyment 

Agreement sh·:;,ul d. be . SeH'C tO _the rJ 3 t ric t Of ~ ~e .:J f t!18 'e_1;J.'lrtr:Jellt 

of J ommer..;e . A_:' cE r "? lY ~-o~ PTith UH: ·:::~J u::: 11. .-i . .r:oer..tg the eii!pl oyer will 

be er..t1tl0d to r Pc:ei v e and d:s9J. a.v tn~ ."' '1.<8 1ae,l e Ly ci.elivering his 

cert!ficate of c~p ig~ce t o tl~ st 01 ~ ~c . 

11 C~rrg aph 14 if n o t in te:ld.Pri ·to vi de f o r Ii' up exceptiuns, 

but only to :.:Jee ~ cases of ino.i. ·rid."J.Dl hcrr.i.s:1i p . 11 

PA.RT1~ERS ".dona fice partners in "n ert e r·pri s e are n u t em-c l oyees a·nd 

the '9::trt!1 P.r ship (:oe s n r: t h a· .... e t o ~:· le r:.ri :~h t he RA as to the individual 

workL1g f)C\r l'lE:.rs ~ !"01'78v e rr '<Pt ch subte r ":l..l€/;o II (!.Jt ~ j 'ohnst on) . llPa.rtners 

wor ki ng in cJop~ rativ e est8"blisilrn8r.ts unue r ·ag.ce e.uent tu pro- rC~ te the 

proceeds jn proporti on t J the ess )f ·urk assinged to eac~ c o- wo rke r 

ar e classt:.d as vrrne rs .ond ar ~ no t cc-.rP.r3d. by the minl riJ.lm wage pr ovisi ons 

of the P'S.Ao n ( E, A. Gruss , · I1egal r::.. visi n)~ 

P.ABT-TI ME...J!?yl?LQYEES- 11 The minimum wage-for a part-time worke r in en 

empl oymeflt described in ~..;r~ph ;:. : PRAi is a rage su.cil that if the 

emul o:v e e wo r l-:ec.l at tl:.:?•. w~ge f )r R f'..lll 1•eek of 40 h v-.l!"S h e would receive 

thP. rr~ni'l:um Dee ::l y \"aL '(' pre s c r ::.. Of ·i f j f' ili.['_ hy tr e J,..,_ ·e::e 'llE:n t ' The ~t inimum 

wage fur 8 P<J rt-time ·.v ,. r-ke r ~ ~l Pn em9l vr·•Kn t C:. PscribPd in paragr .opi1 3 , 

PRA~ is thE; mini r:um v,c_.ge per h our lJr ascriued. OJ p"lra c;raph 6 , PRA" r: (.Basi c 

In terp..,.,etnti on #:. 8, Ge11 e ral J uhr:.s on , 'IiR.4.. EulleU n #4 , o "Two r e[:,rt:ler 

emr loye es; plus Elny fr a ction of Cl.n empl yPe b ece>use vf a pc?rt- t i ne arrangement is 'more than t~~ persons' f or the pur p · s e of Parag raph 4 , P? A ~h ic h 

9819 
-164-

:says 1mP.ximum h ours - - shell no t apt:l y t o empl oyees in establishments 

empl oying n o t more than two persons in o~ns of less than 2,500 

p :Jpulati on - - - ' '' (Lt. J ohnst on) • See also Executive Or<ier #6710. 

PENSIONED EMPLOYEES- See "Sheltered 'v·/u rkersn • .. 

PHILANTHROPIC ORGANIZATIONS - See 11 on- profit Orge.nizations". 

PHOTO-FINISEil\!G INDUSTRY ( SUJ3STITUTl ON) - Definiti on - "The term 

'photo-finishing (sometimes known as amateur finish ing or as developing 

and printing) as us·ed herein is defined to mean the service of devel oping exposed phot ogra.phij r oli films, plates, cut films, or film packs, 

and the ma.king of prints, enlargements, and photographic special ties 

therefrom. 1 '' (PFtA Policy :Board, August 30, 1933 ). 

~OGLUF IC ARTISTS AND PHOTOGRAF IBRS - See npr ofessi onal Occupations". 

PHOTOGRAPHIC M.AJ\TUFACTURING INDUSTnY STJ3STITUTION - "The term 'empl oyees' 

as used herein shall include all persons 1J!TOrkingfur wages and empl oyed 

in the conduct of such operations, excepting those persons ~h o serve in 

executive, administrative, supervis.Jr-r , saJ..es and/or technical capacities." 

(PRA Policy ard~ August 4, 1933). 

PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED EMPLOYEES - See "Sheltered Workers". 

' PHYSICIANS - l

1All employees of d octors are subject t o the PRA. Empl oyees 

who are in fact pr ofessi onals, such as internes, nurses and technicians, 

are not subject t 9 the maximum h our provisi ons of the PRA, but are subject 

to mini ~m wages, Non-pr ofessi onal employees, of CLUrse~ are subject t o 

b o th maximum hours and minimum wage prov1s1 vns. Student nurses are not 

subject t o maximum h ours, but i;~ em:ol j _yed in a doctor 1 s office, they -ar·e 

subject to minimum wages. If t h e doctor em'T_Jloys not over t wo persons and 

his office is located in R t own uf less than 2,500 populati on which is 

n ot a ~a~t of a larger trade area, his n vn-professi onal empl oyees are n ut 

subject to maximum h our provisions. Physici8ns in these s maller c ommunities 

should raise the 'rages or salaries uf 0ll empl oyees, ~Ph ether professional 

or n·:.• n-pr ofessi onal, by at least 20;b , if they are bel ow the minimum 

specified in the PRA. If such incree.se of 20% brings the wage or salary 

over the minimum, then th_e physician need only p0y the minimum. All of 

the ab <)Ve is contingent upon the desire vf such _physicians to c omply with 

the PRA and display the Blue Eagle." (T. s. Hammond, September 14, 1933). 

PI 8CE WOill{ - See "Earning s". 

POPULA':riONS - "In cases;; where the 1930 Federal Census sho1J!T s that a t ovm 

at that time h0d a p opulati on of ove r 2,500, and where the population has 

subsequently shrunk to belov.r 2, 500, it has been ruled thet u pon certi fication of the Mayur, Town Clerk, vr 1:.t her c ompetent, authority , that the 

present p opulati on varies fr om the 1 930 Federal Census, the certification, 

rather than the census, governs f or purpo ses of cle.ssi1 iceti on under the 

PRA." (Card #1333). 

11 In cases wh ere seve rel t 01itns uf sub stRnti a lly t he s a11e populati on 

are in the immedi a te vicinity of ea ch .vthe r and where one of these t owns 

9819 ' 
- 165-

has a Chamber of Comme ~c e and a Connl~ence 3ua a , Lhe C~amber uf . . Commerce ~r:d ·RA Compl: Ance · ·v'll a c' mJ d tH- evf', J f 1 -.~ rt t u ind ce ~ 

neic;hbJring to"'·n& t o t"'ll ;w tLl' se oJ· '-E1l za I. i .... n s >1 he t Jl.l•n or t owT,ls 

to includ8 other tJ~ ~ me ti r~d vi b in Lts tra ~e eret"' r hy discussi Jns 

?Jith N.h,t r ep_es ,t ti·,;2-s ur Cv'l'nl.t,..,rce 3J£"'rds in ·~ he • t11C'r 1 w.1s (if 

any) i other l'ise bv co .. -1,mic-i·i.'l, ..v:.th and a3cer·~..,i.ni .. ; t.J.e v·isLes of 

a mftj uri ty j f ::> 'l :t s C'lll'] pro·~, r.enl c J. 'S i.:; c!.s of tn'3 erl ;·v ini·f'lg tuwns .. 

Every Rtte. pt shuuld be !nade t::> .: ·~.v.h a ~r;'.lJld .,_d. ur.1nP:. ,d de ... l~i un 

l ocr.2.l : conce r nin0 tre0e c.r ? que i;.:..,msr. Ghuu1 d it Le im-oo ssible to 

r each such a de~i sian because of ou1 · JSl tl on on -the pa.!·t of ad ,j oini hg 

t vmns , the question , oi course . II!Usi ·ne . r e ferred t o tl1e State Rec )v e ry 

Board f c.r e r bi trCJry decisi onc '' (Ct•rd 'lfl4C4) o. 

PORTERS - liCovered by Pa r agraphs 2 and 5 , P:a.A unl ess spe cific:=t lly menti oned 

in a subs"-_.i tution ." (Cerd #1. 3~ 4) ~ 

POST OFFICE EMPLOYEES (T!UED CLASS POST OFFICES) - "Fi rst Assistant 

Po s tmaster .. Gc>nel·~.lJ ::: e--ph C. _oq:[aiJ- r.;~ s'SG.tes 11r"de r dE'te of Septe·'lber 6 

t hat ' rhil e cl9:c.i.c 81 ro nye~::s i~ tr~L:- o c l a·ss -p c st ofJ. i .. e s aTe 8";Jpo inted 

by the pOEtm 'StAr and a re ;.~er his tiir er;t sur.:;Fvisi )ni the:.. r sel a rie s 

are pa id . fr o:n al lo"Van ~e s aut110rl.zei bf t:.~s.:Ue-pa:rL1e t out of .}overE:nent 

funds. They Ar e~ tn.eref ore ; cdns~LJ e- rsd J?cde r Fll em:r:; ..)~ ees and Pre sub ject 

to such COJtlpensetL ... n .led~ cC.or.~s ~n .J r the Act of MP.rch 20 , 1933 , ? s a re 

appli cable to Cl :l pth ,r ir.'edel' !:! l E:Iir "ees i 0 r.n -iheV7 uf the foregoi!fg , . 

it is n u t necess~ry f or thin:. class ·, st:~aste s t:) ob serve · meximum h our 

anti. n1in i mum 1.r? aee pr :)Vl sioJ;J.s vr i th r asnec t tc the ir emoloyee s." (Card 

.#1583) . . -

POT.Ar.::O I NSFECTO:rtS '' If .. pot'p.t.u i.nspecto rs wurk in the fi eld or on the 

farmt they a r e unde r · the·. A.gr icul tn:ral i..djustl.ient Ad·ministr at i on, and are 

n ot conceTned wi th FF.A If tt~e7 ar.e put .1.to in:n .. ect or s in the city or in 

war ehouse s , they orr.~e unde r .rc=- r arr aphs '2 . Pni 5 , FRA. They a re no t c ons.ide r ed prof e ssi. unP l worker so li (C. S. 'I.J .~ ng) . 

PP..Eli1IU·tv!S, Pb.IZES. ETCo - ".Pr emiums, p::-i ~~s; e tc. : 8.re s-ales p r omoti on 

aids ana. heve n -:> thing to du ,,,,i th ·a es anC. h vurs under t h e PRA, except 

as f or bi drien :ln. subst ituted provisi..ms f er a particu lPr business." . 

( C, S. Lo::1g) • 

PRICE FIXH!G - "Under the PRA the NR.A d ues nut favor c:my price-fixing 

eem~nts~ 11 (Card #1336) . 

PRISON LABOR - "The PEA due s n ut appl y dir e ctly t o prison labor products 

whicn c om"_Jete JP..'. ·ch pr i Vc te indus t r ie so :2he PE!\ v·as not int ended. t o affe ct 

the po l ic7 c f t h'? sever.::- 1 s~Rtes on p ri_s on ~P r in any way . I·Le lffiA has 

n o established pol icy on . this pojnt~ ~ov:r::::ve r, since Hll stA.te institut i ons 

will ;fir.d it imp : ssi bl e t o sign the PRA·. prison 111ade goods in the u'l.::.blic 

market '''i l~ n u t bear · the :9l ue Eagl e and thus inciir ec tl.y there ;i. s a very 

definite eff ect . il ( Lt. J ahr:stcn) . 

PRIVATE D:£.!J:IEC11

IV_8S - 11 It is nr; t , dvisable t o extend the definiti on 

'P.rJfe ss.Lmel' as used in I'ar.2gr aprr 4 , F:RA beyond. the r ecognized, 

established pr of e ssi un s . A piv?tf"' de~ec~i e~ vq .jr kin..; f or a p riva te 

agency, is an em l)l oyee included in Fe r aeraphs #2 and #5 , PRA, and . . 

should not be worke d mJre th:-- n the mC~xirrrum h .. m rs specified , nor should 

9819 
.;-166- • I • ~ I 

he '!te paid less than the minimum e proy.i,ded in Paragrapp #5, PR.A. 

Howeve r, if such a private detective is receiving r~ tn'an $35. per 

week, he is probably in such a p osition of s ole resporrsrbility th~t b e 

would fall in the 1 execu.tive 1 class and, therefore, exempt from maximum 

h our provi s i nns. If he d.c1es not receive as much as $3-5. per vreek, he is 

no t within this class. If it is necessary f or such C1n empL ;yee t o wo rk 

c ontinuously un the same case, so tha t it will be impo ssible t o restrict 

the number ··Jf h L·urs vrhich he should v.r.-Jrk, he should receive time and 

one-third." (Card #1483). 

PRODUCTIVE LABOE (LAUNDRY) - ~ee "Laundry Industry Substitution 

Definitions". (' 

0 

PROFESSIONAL OCCtF.ATIONS - 11 It is n,)t the intent of the PRA t o compel 

professi onal people, as employers, t o come under the Agreement; but it is 

the de sir e of the .Adrnin~stration that such empl oyers. shall cooperate with 

the Pr ogram by c omplying with the pr uvisions of the PRA. In this c onnection it sh ould be n o ted that empl oyees who are in fact professiJnal 

people- such as internes, nurses and technicie>.ns - are no t subject to 

the maximum h our nrovisions, PB..A, but they are subject t o minimum wage 1e 

requirements. Non-Professi on<Jl em"9l oy e es, of c .Jurse, are su-bject t o 

b oth maximum h our and mini1!1U!Il wag e provisLns." (Lt. J uhnston and 

C. S. L·::mg) • . Als o see "Emnloyments n -.; t Intended to be Covered by the :t 

fRA" and "Signing 'the Pi"...A Pnd Certificate vf Compliance." 

.Artists (Including Commercial Artists) - ''II their work is creative, 

they may be called pr ufessi uno.ls; but if their work is of a u~ine 

nature, such as filling in, rin , lettering , etc., tney are subject 

to maximum h ours provisions of the .A." (Lt. J ohnst on). 

Certified Public .Account8nts ~ 11 are considered as professi onals 

under Paragra:oh #6, PF...A. The Certif ied Public .Accountants themselves 

are considered pr ofes si un01 s, but the ir juniDr accuuntant s C1nc. clerical 

helpers are under ?aragranh #2, PF~, Dending aduption 0f a permf" nent 

code -:.~ r substitute provisi ~s for the Pu'blic .Acc uunting business." 

(C.: $. ~ong) 

. . 

Dental EstBblishment~- 11 Lab .)re.t Jr y rkers and appr~ntices in 

dental estRblishiTlents F.tre not c onsidered -profess i on0ls unc'er ba sic 

InterpretC1.t i on # 6 and #19, . . 1:-IEA lul.letin. 4, unles~ in · f.a ct they hc-ve had 

-professional tr8ining ..:> pnd · are workin·; in 8 pr ofessi onal ca.paci ty." 

(Card #1341). 

?uner~l Dir ect ors and. Eillba.lmers - 11 (1) EmbHlmers are 'pr ofessi onal 

"(Jerson s empl oyed in professi ons'. (2) Funera l Direct rs Hre either the 

same as 'EmbAlmers' or are 'employe e s in a manageri81 or exe cutive 

capacity 1 who. n ov.r r e ceive more th8n $3 5. per 'iiT eek 1• In any event, we 

feel . that the se t~ o classes should be exem t from maximum h .)ur provisions 

of PRA." (Fl'I..A Fvlicy =~ ard ) • 

. Hospit a l Technici8ns, Internes, nesearch Technician s - 11 are included amJng professi onal uersons within the meaning uf ? 8r8 graph #4, · 

PR.A." (Basic Interpretation #19, N.h.A Bulletin_ #4). 

9819 
-167-

Law clerks cmd Law Students - ''A law cl e rk , within the meaning 

Jf Stn ... e LaVI1s requirin[; a cl e r ksh i p , i s in r> p r ufe s si ona l r ather t ha.n 

'\ l e rical status ~nd ~ exempt fr urn the mPximum h uur pr ovisi uns but 

10t the miniJTIUm wa => e pr o vi sian s.. 'iuvrever, lawy r~ wh o eva de t he in tent 

) f t he re ement b .. usint; law cl e r k s , VTh u hav e pa ss ed the Bar ex.qmi nati on , 

1s filing clerks, stenographers, etc ., (inst e a d o! in s e rving p r oc esses , 

1ssisti ng in the re~ rin uf bri efs , e tc. ) and workin them ove r 40 h Jurs 

1 week , are violating Paragraph #8 , PRA. This subj ect h as b e en rrou ght 

p many times and it is highly un~ ~r~~l~~~~-~s~e a 3efinit e ruling on 

th po int because of s ome ver y diff ic lt legal. pr oblem which would probably 

~equire a ruJ in " adverse t o the intent of the .Agre ement." (Lt. J ohnst on), 

"Students r eading law in . a law office do not have t o be -oaid the 

• ninimum wage if they are not empl oyees. If they a r e given specific 

iuties to perform such as pre:paration of briefs 1 res earch assi gnments, 

~tc ., they a.re then professi onal :t:e r s ons empl oyed in their pr ofessi un 

me. al thuu.gh exem-p~ from tnaximum h our ·-pr ovisi ons·. they are not exemp t 

'rom minimum wage pr ovisi ons. If they a r e given clerical duti e s s o that 

.n f act they ar e n v t emp~ yed in th(·ir pr ufessi 0n t · they are not even 

'Xempt from maximum h '-'ur provisi ons." (Lt. J ohnst on ). 

ews]:ape r Phu tog r arhe rs - '' For the purposes cf the PRA, they are 

·epo r ters, whether they obtain picture s or news." (C. S. Long ) . 

NePspaner Ren urters, .. Edi t ori e l V:ri ters "rewrite men . and oth er. members 

>f editorial staffs a r e consider e d E'S ' :?r·.Jfessi ona l Persons '•" (Basic · 

nterpretati on #19, rt-.A Bul l_etin No. 4 ) . 

Nurs es - 11 All kinds illiniste ring t o human beings a r e not limi ted as 

.o maximum hours of lab·lr unde r Par r-graph #2, PRA, but they a r e subject 

o minimum wage 1'r ovisions, .Paragr<mh #5, PRA. The· s ame ruling applied 

.o graduate veterinary nurses. Student ~urses in h ospitals are n ot subject 

o minimum wage pr ovl.Sl .Jns, Pi·...A. StuC. :mt c r undergraduate nurses in a 

.octor 1 s office a r e subject t o miniumm wa5 e -provisi ons, PRA. II (C . s. Long). 

C-;J t :'I me tri st s ( In c~ud ing doc tor s Jf _2pt ome_i_!:.Y_£l.p d_ sl.o c t ors of 

>pto.netri c sc i ence - "are regarded a s pr ofessi onals; and vrhen employed 

tnd w rking in t h eir yr ofessi cnal CPpaci t y , they are not limited t o maxiIUm hou rs. Non-rr of ssi c?~ as s.i stan t s t o the ab ove should be classified 

ts skilled craftsmen , subject t o maximum h our a nd mi nimum vrage provisiuns. t1 

Lt. J ohnst on). 

Radi o EnRinee r s and En~ineers in o ther T1 igher ·r ech_n ica.l Professions - · 

'Whether ::> r not such eng in8ers shc?_ll b ccnsidered professi .:.. nals depends 

lntirely unon the c onditi ; ns. Such eng ineers are under pr ofessionel clessi-

'icati c:m un ti 1 other -pr uven. tt ( Ce.rd #1341)" ~ 

Teachers 11 who actually teach in orivate schools ~re considered -o r o-

'essionals and are exempt as to maximum h ours ." (Card #1362) . 

;UBLIC UTILI TIES RAILROADS OI·, OTHER .FOL1.M S OF T.t:Ju ORTATION SERVICE 

Plea;~ do-;ot giv~ any opini n; ;e~b lly or in wri ting , t o the effect 

~hat Public Utilities, . Railr oads or o the r Forms 'uf · Tr Pnsportation serviee 

lo not c ome within the N'I RA. Tz1 e fact is that they all c ome within the 

ri RA, and it is only a question of p Jlicy as t 0 ~heth r or h ow the pr orisions of the NIRA shall be applie~. Jurisdicti oBal questions are very 
-1 68-

dange r ous And, theref ore, unless y ou ~ t he official ruling , plea s e do 

ne t undertak e -t o sta te it." (Legal Division memorandum s i gned by 

Donald R. Richberg ab out August 10 , 1933). 

RADIO ENGINE"S.RS - See . "Professi onal OccupatiQn·s 11 .• · 

. ,, . 

REAL ESTATE ~ERA S OR AGENTS- "wh o manag e p r operties ·tha t are not 

entitled. t o the .Bluey Eagle because uf the '\1- sal of the · OVTners to c ompl y 1ni th m-:.A, may display ' the Blu.e Eagle in their O'lfT!l offices i f they 

pu~ BRA into eff e ct qO far as their own empl oy ees, over ;rrh om· they h ave 

· full and direct c ontrol, a r e c oncerned. The Blu e Eagl e mus t no t be 

displayed, h owever, on the premises· which- they mane.ge, i f ovrners ·of such 

premises refuse compl :i.._ ance." (Lt. J ohnst on). - -

RECONSTRUCTION FINPJWE COrU'OEA'J:ION - 11 Lab or on pr ojects financed by the 

Rec onstructi on. Finance Corporati on is c ove red by the PRA." '(Lt·. J ohnston ) 

. . 

RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS - ·see "Non-Pr ofit Organizati ons". 

.. . . ~ 

RENT (DEDUCTIONS FOR) - "No deducti ons shall be ma de f r om the pay envelope 

or check, f or r oo p1 _ rent, meals or 8ny thing el'se-. The· single excep tion 

t o this occurs in th~ . substi•t11ted · p r ovisions 'f or · r e staurants, mhich pr ovides that deducti ons m<:> y be ma de f or r.1eals when such v•as the custom prior 

to June 16, 1933.11 . · (.C.· s. : ng)~ Also see 11 Ded.ucti ons 11 • 

... 

REPAIRMEN - "Automobile r epairmen on c ommissi on a re piece wo rkers, a nd · 

subject t o PI'!.A mini mum wages and. maximum h ours." (Inter p retati on Section, 

Oct ober 3, 1933). 

~ . . ~1£CE T OF EMFLOYEES See 1!Incol)lnetent Empl oyees". 

REVOCATION OF SIGNATURES . OF ·PRA- See 11 WithdraVrring. frum PEA11 • 

RIGHTS, CONSTITUTIONAL ,PJJD/OR I MMUNITIES- See "Consti tutional Ri ghts". 

SALES PROMOTION -AIDS- See "Premiums". 

SANDWICH STANDS- See "Barbecue and Ho t Dog St ands." 

SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES (BUSINESS AND PEIVATE) OFEHATED FOR FEOFIT -

"Pending the adr)p ti,Jn of a specif ic c ode f or private s ch ools, such schools 

are expected t o sign the P;RA a nd _put_ int o e f fe c t its h ours a nd wages pr ovisi ons respecting i ts empl oy e es. 

(1) Teachers wh o a ctually tea ch are con sider.e d pr ofe ssionals under 

interpreta tion 6 and are exemp t as t v maxi mum h .)urs. 

( 2 ) Office an d miscellane ous r-or k e rs a re co vered by Pa· a~ aph s 2 

a nd 5, PRA. 

( 3 ) . Empl oyees in, sch0ol ki tchen s a nd d ining r ooms may 'b e vrorked 

unde r t h e r e staurant su bst ituti.on ." (Interpr e tat i on Secti on, Sep t ember 23, 

1933) . 

9819 

.l 

:r 

·r 

:e 

:r 

rl 
-1 69-

SECTI ON 7-a 

Jf the Industrial Rec overy ,A .... t 

signin g the PRA in the same manner 

President si ns Cl permt'> nent code . 1

' 

la Jr provisi ons of Section 7-a 

J.J;> ti nl l •r appl tJ an emuluye r u non 

es it c mes into full er!e t hen the 

(Gen er al Hammond) . 

SE VI LEMFLOYEE vs MAI NTENANCE EIAF LOY E~S - "For the pur:-Jses of the 

PRA, cop -rvic;· emplo .. -;;;-are -tho;;-;;-plvyees vrh o pe r~· rm the :;arne daily 

Jr erioJ.i~.:al flL~ ti on s iu connec tio» rl th the oner ati 011 of a plant or 

businesc (such as el vator ope rat ors, scrubbers, engine ers and fi r emen, 

windo ashers, ·v·indow t rim ne rs and stvr e clerks); vrh il e maintenance emplJyPes are defined as th se em-pl uyees ¥rho are· available f or reJlairing 

br efl.kdowns in ma chinery and othe r vro rk ··hich e comes necessary at irr egular 

intervals. In thi~ onnection, the term'service employees ' is not used 

in the sense uf em_l oyees nderin ~ s ervice t o the public ," (C. S. Long ). 

SHELTERED ;,ORKERS - 'Persons ~rho ar e limited in their t:ar11I;w r ower 

through physical or mental def ects, age, or vther infirmiti es (physical 

or mental defectives, including superannuated empl oyees Wh o are r eally 

pensi oners) , rna. be empl oyed on ligh t duty belJw the minimum •vage set by 

the PRA, and f or l onger hours the.n ere ther e in cuthori zed, if the empl oyer 

obtains from the State Labor Commissi on a certificate authorizing the em~ 

pl·Jyment of such defectives in such mAnner. 11 (:Sasic Exple1nati on #3, 

General J ohnson, NRA Bulletin #4~. 11 It has been ruled thet in the case 

of employees who are super?nnuated or ment ?lly or physically defective, 

an eapl oyer can pay a rt of the mini rm.1m wage vvi th Bn insurance _ com-pany 

making up the balance. Such c>n arrengement is equitabl e fo r the empl oyer, 

the employee and th · insuranc e compen:v. 11 (Lt. Johnst on). 

r: ·rhe above he1s been amended t o read: 1Stat e l?bur c ommission will 

be gui1ed by the instructi ons of t he United States Department of Lab or 

in issuing such certificates. In any ste1te where there is no state labor 

commission or analagous authority, epnlicat i on f or such a certificate 

will be made direct -to the United States Departoent of Lab or in Washington . rtr 

(Local NRA. Compliance Board Memo (CB 7) dated October 9, 1933). 

SCRI? ~ - 11 It is the intent of the F:~ that inqreased wages shall be real 

and payable i~ cash or checks readily convertible into cash. There may 

be special cases such as those of munjcipalities, cvunties or states and 

even private empl oyers ~here temporary shJrtae e uf cash may make this 

impossible f or the time being. .Any script issued in such emergency should 

be C•)nverti ble int o cash at a definite day in the near futur e and should 

not be issued P. S a means of evading pr ovisions. of the PRA~n (Interpretati9ns Section). ·· -

SHOE REBUILDING AND hEPAIRHiG - "Any service activity vlhich is entirely 

independent uf retail dea-ling , such a.s shoe r ebuilding , is at -present 

guvPr~eJ by the Pf~ and not by the r ete il code, Shoe rebuildin~ or 

alteration which is incidental t o tne s ale of shoes, is ~o verned by the 

retail c ude. :SUt sn oe rebuilding ·Jr repairing ope ratLms, where the 

price t o the c -:. nsumer is preponderantl y f or labor costs, as distinguished 

fr om costs of merchandise not subst ar.tially al ter ed f or t.he pur-pos e s of 

sale, a r e not ret e il operations. Accordingl y most independent shoe repair 

shops are not und·er the r etail code. The primary test sil ;uld be whethe r 

the activity is one in 1orhich the selling aspect , as distinguished from 

the servicing aspect, pr edJminateso 11 (F.L. #21, December 12, 1933 -

Statement ~y NRA). 
-170-

SHOE SHI NE STAND ·EMPLOYEES - "Sh oe shine em-ployees come undel .?ar agrapgs·. ;/!~ 

a nd #5, · FRA •.. ·If these empl oyees worked on a purely c ommission basis. prior 

t o June 16, 1933, they may continue to 0.o s o , and in such case they are 

not subject tu eit~er minimum wage s or maximum h ours. New empl oyees may 

be added on a streight commission basis; provided employment on this basis ,,, 

has be en the C'~ tom in t he past. However, it is a vi •)l a ti on of Paragraph # :J. 

PRA to change t o a commission basis empl ·oye-es wh o have been receivi:pg wages .ai 

or base pay plus . commissi onu It is likewise a vi olation of FarPgraph #8, 

PRA for pr oprietors of sl!.oe shine stands to attempt t o evade the purposes 

of the FRA by leasing ~hoe · shine equipment to former empl oye es o:..:,n a basis 

1"hich vrroul d all o101r these employees a percentag e of the receip ts, thtE 

making the employees proprietors in their own right." (Card #1368). 

Als o ·see "Commissi on Workers, and 11 Ti1JS and Gratuities". 

SHOW CARD WniTERS - See "Window Trimmers and Show Card V;riters 11 • 

. ' 

SIGNING THE FRA AND CERTilnCAT.t: OF COiv1FLIANCE - "An employer engaged in 

severel different businesses or emnloying labor (.J f severel different 

classes should: sign but one reem~nt." (Basic Interpretat ion #17, 

General J ohnso12-, NRA :Bulletin #4-). 11 'iVherE_:l · manufa.cturing establishments, 

chHin st ores, chain restaurants, .etc., h a.ve many establishments in different l ocations and different cities, the managers of these branches are 

expected t o sign the PRA and Cert.if.icate of Compliarlce applying to the 

employees under their control. 11 '(C. s·. ;L mg). · 

11 Hospi tal s, not engaged in c·arryirig on a tr-ade or indus try, do not 

come within the purview of the NIRA, so ~s · 't o c ome under the ordinary 

requirements of a code of ~fair c o'm-pet-iti cn o · The r ·e is ·n othing to prevent 

any employer of labor outside o.f .. trc=tdes .and indu stries, any r rofessional 

IDEm or organization or any n~nr of~ t organizati on; from sigLing the PBA 

and conforming to its provi·s n~ .• · . Tbi .· es not m~iri, .. h omever, that they 

are under any compulsion t o .dQ .. _sq .ot.her then that resul t ing fr om a desire 

to cooperate. her~ apnropr.i.at.e, ·. nd, so far as possible, with a general 

program of · reemnl oymen t . at shorter h our's' and higher ''-'age so Td the extent 

that labor is employed in ccup tions c omparable with those engaged in 

'trade or ·in.dustry, it is .of c ou,rse desirable tha t similar c onditions 

should prevail." (Mr. Richberg, Aii us~ 1 8 • 1933). 

SMALL COW~NITIES "Empl oyers in small ~~unities having neither a 

trade association or Chamber of C.om;cierce should apply to the Trade 

Association Section, ~lue Eagle Division, ~RA f ur desi gnati on of proper 

organization to consider petitions for, exceptions t o the PRA under 

paragraph 14. n (Lt. J .ohnst on}. 

SNUJ!'F - See "Cigarette, Che,J\T ing, nd . Sm~k ing Tobacco and Snuff Industry . 11 

SOCIAL SERVICE INSTITUTIONS - See "Non-Pr ufi t OrganizAtions''~ 

SOFT DRINK I NDUSTRY Su:BSTI TUT ION. - "Exem-ot i on of drivers end r oute s alesmen 

from limitation of meximum h our provisions extended beyond ·Novembe·r 5, 

1 933.11 (Ne.ti on al Compliance Boaid, November 1, 1933) . 

SFLIT SHIFTS - "If splitting hours f empl oyment he.s in fact increased 

empl oyment and wFJge s and comes within the intent of the ?.hA, it is permissible, but if splitting hours is a means of ev ading employment and 

9819 

:n 

'T 

d: 

'll 

~i 

tl 

Sl 

01 

n 
-171-

the intent •n the agr ee11ent it may b ' cvnsldered -=>s steegerinr; hours and 

in vi ul ation of Par agr aph 8 , Pl<A." (C . S. L n ) . Also se 11 StagPe r in 

Hours". 

STAGGEP.I NG HOURS 11 Any unusual or extr avrdina ry arrr. ngeu1en t of hours o:f 

labor of emulJvees (whethe r ~ith re spe ct t o cu rr esp~n ding h ours of 

other empl o ees in th establishment , or Vl'ith r esect to ordinary pre"ctices 

in the na rticul er business or community) , if it tends t o vi Ql ate the spirit 

or the purp ses of FRA, is consider ed t?g ~e ri g h ours', with intent to 

evade the provisi uns of Ph.A." (C. S. Long ). "An empl oy e r has a righ t t o 

have some emul oyees start work earli e r t hen others, but the empl oyee 's 

lunch hour must not e}..ceed tha t of t ile gene r a l business c Jmmuni t"·" 

(L.C. #46, September 16, 1933). "Lunch pe ri ods are not included in 

w~ rking h ou r s; h owever, unreas onably l ong lunch periods may be int e rpreted 

as an attempt t o evade the provisi ons of the PRA. The ansv,er depends upon 

the facts in the case.H (C rd #1376). 

Sl'A'TE GOVERN!I.IEFT, EMPLOYEES- Se e 11 G·.Nernments 11 • 

STATE LAWS IN CONFLICT \liTH FrtA - See 11taVIrs". 

STAYS FROM HOU".tt AND ~/AGE FitOVISI NS 0.1! A TENTATI 1!:8LY APPROVED SUBSTITUTION - 11 1'he fact t hat a substitution has been c onsent ed t o by NRA f or an industry, 

d es n ot deprive an -ind ividual of his remedy under PBragr aph 14, PRA. 

This means that even thou gh t he indu stry has oeen authorized to operate 

under v·a e and h our provisions ·u.f t he i r c ode in pl.ace of similar provisions 

of PRA there may still be peculiar reasons "''hY the application of these 

provisions to an indi viciual would ·wo r k a great and una.voidable hardship. 

A petitioner in such a ce.se shoulci f ol l ow the identical procedure for one 

seeking an excepti on whe re no substitution has been allo ed for his trade 

or industry. 'I'he individual should hcwe his petition appro.ved. by his 

trade a.ssociation and s end it to Wa :3hingto n t ogether "~? i th this approval. 

He may then sign the Certii'icate of Complicmc e by a dding to. it the following 

no tation: (1) l'o the extent of YRA consent as ennounced, 1ne heve c omplied 

with the PRA oy c omplying •:ith the substituted provisi ons of the Code 

submitted by the Trade Industry, and (2) Excep t for those 

interim provisions regarding v:r age s t=lnd h ours vrhich have been Elpprove d 

by the Trade .Asso ciation. 11 (Ca rd #1379). 

11 He may comply with all prov1 s1 ons of FrtA except those which he is 

petitioning t o have excepted. Upon signing the Certificat,e of Compliance 

he vrill rec e ive the 3lue ERgle fr om the Post' Office, but ·be f ure displpyins 

it, he must put a vrhite bar acr oss its brea.st with the word 'Provisionalf 

on it. If the petition.is finally appr oved by NI<-A, he may te"ke the ba.r 

down. If t he ~etit n is not ap or ove d by NhA, he must c omply with the 

Agreement and any approved substituted -p r ovisi ons in full ." (Ce rd #1380). • 

.Also see "Substituti ons." 

STEEL PLATE FABRICATORS ~ 11 Secti on 5 , Ar t icle 2, Pe troleum Code is not 

intended t o au-.--lv t o ntr~ to rs of this Code , Steel Plate Fabricat8rs 

should opere.te under the ir own substitution." (Lt. J ohnst on ) . 

S·l'EVEDORES, LONGSHOREII:'IEN , iiP..ARF E11iPLOYEES, SAILOh S AND CREWS OF VESSELS -

"These classes of labor are under a~ raph #2 ano #5, PEA, pending specific 

9819 
ruling or adoptiqn of substitute pr ovisi ons or pe r manent Codes apn y~ng to 

them". (Lt.- J ohnston)'. a 

STOCKHOLDERS OF .CORPOEATIONS .... See 11 rp rat~ nsn. 

STORE OR SERVIQE OPERATIONS (HOURS) - See 11 P?ragraph #2, Fr ovisi ons, 

pages 22 t o 24; . PhA," 

S.TUDENTS AND LEARNERS - "The PRA doe s not apply t o oona f~de stu dents of 

vocati onal schoo ls (including 'Beauty. Shop and 'Barber Shop students). T_he 

term 'student' here is limited t o those o rece ive n0 remunerat i on either 

by wages, commissi oris or gratuities. Students and learner~ may be empl oyed 

on e, . . wholly commissi on basis,. in which C\ase the hour and wage pr ovisiori s, 

PRA do n ot apply," (Card #1384). "Hourly wage rC? te s apply to students 

working their way thru school, paid with . board and t".li tion. 1' ( In:(oriiial 

interpretation by L. G. Wilson, August 19, 1933). Also see "Apprentice-s", 

and "Professi onal Occupations". 

-. 

.. 

.. 

· ' 

STUDENT vJORKERS - "The Policy Board states the?.t it is best not t o give :if 

out a 'definite ruling' in regard to these·· students who are employed during :·, 

the summer, consequently it would se em that they ~ould have t o be considered. as regular empl oyees, and if the empl oyer wants to make an excepti'c 

he should submi t .. a formal petition under ·ParC?graph 14, PRA t o his l ocal 11 

trade association, etc, and if it is approvedt it ~h uld go t hru e Si 

regular channels t o Mrs. Pettit's section." College students wo rking in 

restaurants for as .. ~ch as f our hours per day f or their board' with no i 

other monetary consideration .cannot be _considered an exception ·t o the PRA, t 

the strict ap-plicati pn of the terms of the rest?~ant sul:>sti t't:tti on VTould a 

require restaurants t o pay students and. make · deductions· not to exceed 

$3.00 per week, and ~n th~ case ·of 4 hours a day would require mot:etary 

consideration in excess of the .meals under ·the minimum _wage scale effective 

(Lt. Johnston). 

SUBSTITUTIONS TO THE FRA - "The e~ployer ~as the choice of remaining 

bound by the original PRA, or Qper~ting ').lnder appr ov·ed substitutions 

thereto applying to his artic1,.1~ar ht.:tsiness . or inC: ustry." (P?.A Policy _ 

ar~.- W. P, Farnsworth)~ "If .he has si n~d the original FRA and 

Certificate of Complipnce it is not necessary f or him to sign a second 

Certifica:te of Compliance (with the Consent Clause added) upon appr pval 

of substitutions, pr ovided he wants t o operate under the substi ns 

rather than the original PRA." (Card #1385) ~ 

SUPERANlJUATED EMPLOYEES - See 11 Sheltered rker~". 

SWEAT SHOPS - "An employer taking c>.dvent age of 1 svre a t shors 1 ou t side ' of 

'his place of business at less than wage and hour pr ovisi ons, PRA, 

violated the Agreement. Concerning home work in gen6ral, wat ch fo r 

subterfuge. The NRA required payment of minimum wage in compliance with 

PRA. tt (Card #1388). . 

TAXI DRIVERS~ "Taxi drivers are empl oye e s unl e ss t hey .are independent 

contract ors; in no case are they outside salesmen. If they ar e not 

independent contractors, they are subj ect to maximum hour and minimum ·wage 

pr ovisions. If they hi,..A t he cab thems elves or i f they are on a straight 

~ 

•• J .. 

98}.9 
-17:3-

commissi on ba sis, the• are pro oebly i ndc nden c n r e tur c· . I t hr>y ~::; 

a flat guar entee pl us a c o:n1•1ission vr bunus , t hey ar e empl uyec;s , nd the 

guar entee plus commissi on must at 1 C> st equ 1 the m1n1 1m.un wa e . " (Card 

#1.389) . 11 Taxice b Cl.ri ver s unde r -pPrf' ::>ph #2 , FHA, i · n t u•"ners uf their 

ovm c ab . 11 (1. G. ·,ilson , AUP,Ust 19 , 1933) . 

TEACnERS- See 11 Scl o0l s , Private " . 

rECHNICIAl'TS - See "Pr ofessional Occupations ". 

TELEG.h.A?HIC COrLUNICATIONS .r STi~Y - "Te l egr aph messenger b "';ys a r e xempt 

from minimum wages (z une r a tes are n.; t to be r e duc ed ). In offices l ocated 

in cities or towns 0r is ulated places whe r e nut more thpn three empl oyees, 

exclusive of messengers, are enga ged , e;m::-l oyees including :ne ssenP;e r s are 

exempt from ffiPAimum h ours, proviied such empl oyee s shall not total more 

than 10% of the · total empl oyees empl ~wed . 11 (Int. Sect i...m). 

"The .... rord 1 messeng er 1 •;.the re it Pppears in t he substitution approved 

for the Telegraphic Communications I v•o .1s try 9 shall include only outside 

messengers, eff~c iv e December 15 , l'.:J33. '

1 (Jational Compliance :loar d, 

November 14 end 22, 1933) . 

11 'Ihe pr ovisions of the PitA are apBlicabl e to messengers in the 

Telegraphic CJmmunications Industry en gaged in delivering advertising, 

sampl es~ and. bulk mate r iel. · In the S'.lb c tit uti on ap1··r oved f or this industry, 

the Jrd 1messenge r 1 was intended t~ include anlv t h ose messengers delive~ 

ing t elegraph messages and acing vrork t nat is &.trict ly relft ted t o the 

telegraph industry , includinrg the delive ry of a ddr essed matter not in 

bulk quantities. It was n ot c vnt emol e. t e d that the su bstitution should 

apply t o messengers deliverin,c; bulk ~, dve tisin , samules, etc. When 

telegraph messenge r s are d'Jing 'POI'k v the r than ti1et specifi ed ab ove , 

they should be empl oyed at the wa "e r c:-.te and h ours snec ified in the 

PRA. " (Nati ona l Compliance 13oC? rd, Nuvember 28 , 1933 ) . 

"Due to unusu 1 circumstPnces, <" substituti on ~ e.s allu•.

111 ed for 

paragraph #7, Ph.A, f or t he Telegr aphi c COJ'lmunicati ons Indu.str r. This 

remove s the requirement tor an equ iteble r eadjus t ment, but it doe s no t 

mean that zone r ates must not be r c? ised. It is t o be p~d that these 

co1,1panie s ,"Till carry out the purpose anc spirit of the FBA b,'' mRking an 

equitable readjustment , a lthou gh by r. s t rict legal interpTetation they 

are not re cu ired t o do sv . " C,, F . Farnsv!orth , Octuber 10 . 1933). 

"Under the sub stituted provisi :m for :t:arat:raph 7, PRA .:q.r•;roved f or 

the Te l egraphic C·Jm:aunicati c:ms Indu stry , ·-hen t he h ours or work of en 

employee paici by t he h our a re r e du c er. to the maximum unC:.er the substituti-::m, his h ourly r P te must be incrN\sed so that his eekly c om'?en sBtion 

will be ·the sa;ne as before t he r educt :. Jn i n h ours. " (?.n.A Policy BCJP rd, 

Oct obe r 19 , 1933) . 

- 11 1he chang ing of mBnagers c f bTench tel f": g raph of fice s fr Jm P s a lary 

basis t o a c ommissi on basis is c onsider ed a vi0lp tion of the FRA in the 

event the chBnge r e sults in :o decreas e in· their net i ncOJ!le ," (Advisor y 

Council. Comnlian c e Division , June 6 , 1934) . 

9819 
-174-

TERRITORIAL POSSESSIONS - 11Due to the en tirely different hour s of labor 

and WEJ/ "Y' e rates Drevailing . in ov.r territorial -oosses si ons, r e are not 

planning to extend to them the PRA. It is obvious t hc:'t t h ey cannot be 

regulE!.ted on the same basis as industries in the i ted Stq tes . Of· course, 

Section 3A of this Law a:9plies to the ins\J.le.r o.ssessio !.l.s. . If anJ Code 

is presented by them we shall have to act on it, 11 t Fugh s. Johnson ) . 

Also see ''Hawaiian I sl2.nds 11 • • 

THIRD CLH.SS POST OFFICES - See "Post.· Office Emplo:rees 11. 

TIPS .AND GRATUITIES - 11 In no case Flay tip s or E\r a tui t ies b e a•T·l l ied in 

computing a minimum wag_e .• 11 (Lt. John ~on). 11 Ho11ev.er, it is considered 

perfectly· proper for· reste ur~nts, clubs, e;tc. to ,substitute a service 

charge for ti1JS ew.1cl alJot lVha tever. portion of t h e. r evenue de rived from 

this charge to the waiters the ma:nage:r.1ent conside r p rop er. ':atch substitutions· or codes-- for exceptions. 11 (Card #1394). 

• ' .· 

TOJ3ACQO ( CHEUING. Ju'ill . :.SL.OKING) - See. !-' Ci g~rette, Chel'ing,- md ·Smok i ng 

Toba cco and Snuff Industry". 

TRADE .AREA ( .. Ii.H i.EDIAT:EJ). -:- "' Irmnediate tracte area' is the area in 1-hic.h 

there, is -ct:ir.ec.t' Tetai:l competition. In case of quest ion, the decision 

,·shall he made by the . .local .char,1ber .of comnerce qr similar organization 

subject to review by the Sta.te Recovery :Board. 11 (Basic Interpretat-ion 

No. 13, NRA Bulletin #4). · 

TRADE .ASSOCI.ATIGNS PE:::. SE - "T-rade associations may .upon co!'lpl ianc.e "P.i th 

PRA, be awa.ro.ed the Blue Eq,gle even tho-...:tgh their industries have not si-gned 

under P.RA or Code, as an organiza tion is an entit r in itself. However, -

it should_ avoid giving t h e ir.1pression tha.t its permission to use the 

Blue 'Eagle extends to ·the in.dustries which it renresents. 11 - (Lt. Johnston). 

TRANSPORTATION SERVICES - See "Public U~ilities, Railroads or Other 

Forms of Transnortation Service" • 

. TRUCK .DRIVERS - · "Deli verymen who incid_entally take ord$rs and whose 

duties come under Paragraph #2 and #5 PR.A, are not e . .xce;pted from maximUl!l 

hours nor from minimum wage provisions unless they are olly on a commission basis • . However, · ch1_3ck all subs~i t'\1-tions . for exceptions to th1.3 

above, and note particularly substitu tions ap·ol y ing to the Trucki ng, Bakery, 

Fluid Iviilk, and Laundry Industries. The a-oove ruJ. i ng . as to truck drivers 

who sell also ap:olies to drivers PJ;lo buy on com..m i ssi on - such as truck 

driver purchasers of farm p.roducts, junk, etc. 11 (Card #1 399) . "Until such 

time as the Trucking Industry Cod.e is app roved, it is temporarily agreed 

that time E!n d one-third· pe paid for excess of 40 hours per week or 8 hours 

per day in emergency in cas~ of tr~ck drivers on lou,_~ h~uls. 11 (PRA Policy 

Board or thru Hr. Richberg , .August 25, 1 933 ). Als o see ''Deliverymen 11 , 

"Commission Worke-rs", and "Trucking Industry". 

TRUCKING INDUSTRY. APPLICATIONS OF SUBSTI TIONS - "(1) The Trucking Industry 

substitutions apnly to the entire trupk tra nsp ortation industry (except 

transportation of passenge rs) including empl oyees on trucks used by other 

trades or industries transporting their own goods exclusively. (2 ) I ndustries wh ich us e trucks should work their truck drivers and helpers unde.r 

q 

.. 

i ( 

.11 

:a 
tne trucl:in~; i nch str y s bsti tutions, unl c ss ubsti tu inns for the ir own 

indus try cover t lese empJ o ,rees. 11 ( C·n -bl fl- 0 ) . 11Und e t h e trucld ng sut -

titution , a hel"9 ron a truck doing Jom ·~ , unlo.n t in ; , ,,nd clrivin{" in 

an e'llerg ency slwnlcl be "'Jn id for t he tiJ11E' h ~; en route from -ooint of cleorrtu.re of tl e truck to fl. c1 estin.a ti'1 n ut •·r: 1; ch lor-din, or unloadi '1·0: is to 

be done ." ( F . S. PolJa.

1: , Janua ry 17, 19)4 ) . 

See "Contracts (Labo.~. Union)" . 

t.h:IO:.J R"b BES:L ATIVES - ~~'fr . Ri chberG ~ n s rulc>d. th8.t it is il :~ l for 

an e1:1::,>lo~rer uno.er a code or the PRA to refuse to •:ee t and confer .i t h 

the chosen :rep:cesont.':'.. t i v e s of the en}1J.oyees , ev en thoUf;;h such r euresentati ves are no t · in lli s elllpl oy . rrr. RicL~) g has also s tr-.teo. th2.t an enmlo r 

is Tii thin his rights in such a case in :re f using to o.eal w2.th u :T a bor uni on 

official i:ho has n ot be en designn.t ed ns a repr e s enta tive of t he empl oy ees. 11 

(L. C. # 58, Seu t embe r 28 , J.S33 ). 

umiLITY COl.iPA.H'SS PJ.1IVArrELY OillJED vs E:C.i:Cm:.' IVE OH. ~R # 6354 - "Privately 

o ··ned utility com·oanie s locc:.t ed in tern s of :_:_ess t itan 2 , 500 '1Je r s ons which 

have 5 or Je ss emploJee s are r e li ev ed. from obr.e1·ving t he PRA or codes of 

Fair Co•Jpeti t ion if s e rvice is f urnis:1ecJ locall y fo:i.' onl r one to',,.n in rrhi ch 

it is l ov1.ted." (T. I. "Sme rson, LegP.l Division , !;El.rch 27, 1934). 

~TERINA.RY !TURSES - See "Prof c ssioneJ. Oc upat i ons". 

VOCATIONAL ST ~·JT S - See "Students <:ncl Le['rncrs ". 

JLr"1 

;; I I Provisions", page 28 . 

WATCHI-:!EN - "Und.er the orig ina l tll"'..modifi ed PRA., r.ra tchmen are subject to 

Paragraphs :/!=2 and. df=5 . rrl1e11ever rm.tch' ·en a re specifi cally I exc epted I in 

ap:_o roved substitutions for oi ther Pa r .<>..g rauhs #2 or :#:3 , PRJ~, the~' are not 

amendable to e i ther "!l'laxi murn hours or ::J l r'.1m1un Pages. Ho'.'ever, if t heir 

hours are shorm in subst i tutions for eit b.e r Pa rP.g r auhs #2 or #3 , PRA, to b e 

limited by , for exa1nple , the e.ve r E'g e nw1ber of hours employ ed over a suecifi ed :9e riod; he r are to r e c e ive t he 1 i ll.Lmm we./ ;e s··Je cifi ed und8 r Paragraph f-5 , PRA. 11 (Lt . Joh nston ) . Office 13ui 1ding ~Te tchrnen - See "Of fi ce 

Build int; I nc.llstr:r Subst itu ti on 11 • 

"Insig nia". 

JTNDOU TRn.rr.;:~.;Rs ArT: SHo-.: CAI-ill vm rTERS - nsuch OCCUi)e.tions ere not classed 

as :9 rofessional u.J.le ss t he3r F.l.re h. p;hl r trc::.ineo. nnd. s~dl} . and their " ork 

i s creative r a t her t han r outine . It is ap• arent the1.t to be classed. as 

professional such ;rorke rs should be e:.rpl oyed rimaril ¥ in their p rofessional 

cap acities." (F. L. #9 , :.Tover1b e r 20, J.933) . 

WITHDRA\iDJG FHO: I 1.TRA FT~R SI G~"U G FilA - 11 ]-o fim or indi vi d.ual nho llas 

once signed. t he PRA may I'T ithd.ra"r from t ne p l edge unt il the e~i ation thereof Decembe r 31 , 1 933 . I f an em:vlo7er d 'lo signed the re e~'1ent fincls, becaus e of =9c culiar circumstan.c es i n hi 3 i n6.i vioJJ.al cas e , grep t P.nd unavoidable hardsl ip ''rill :;. eault in compl :~ stri c tly l'ith fl.ll provisi0ns of t he 

9819 
-176~ . . ,_ ·' . . .. 

' 

Agre~m.ent, he !!lay petition for a stp.y froi:n the provisions -r.rhich t:Tould 

cause this hardship, as orovided in. Par;3.graph #l4, PRA. 11 (Lt. Johnsto.a) . 

"Anyone co ntinuing to' d.isplay t he :3lue Eagle after each of the t •o extensions of the PRA effective January 1,_', l $31: and r-:ay l, 19?>4 '<'78.s consicl_ered as bound by the provisions of .the_. PR.A and any apD1 icable ap·•roved 

substitutions t he reto until a cod'e of :tai'r competi ti'on ap:olicable to the 

signers business became effective.". (See E;x:ecuti ve Orders #6516 and 

#6678-A). 

WORK SPOILED TH...'R.OUGH CARELESSNESS - $ee -"Deductio'ns from '!]ages" . 

WORK WEEK - "An employer may follow the calenda r '.'Teek or establish his 

own fiscal week. In the case of a fis cal we.ek, t'he succeeding week 

starts where the preceding week ends. For example, i f the employer should 

set' Wednesday as the beginning of his fiscal week, this Tieek would. end 

the following Tuesc1ay evening and the :r..ext we'ek 't"!ould begin the following 

Wednesday morning." ( Interpretat·ion Se ct ion, October 2, 1933). 

WOUND .STRIPE ON INSIGNIA - S.ee "Insignia". 

. , .... . 

! . 

98l9 
-177-

APPENDIX H 

PUDLIC - NO . 369- 73d CONGRESS 

H.R. 9002 

AN ACT 

To provide r eli ef to GovernHent contractors , 'hose costs of pr eformance 

we r e incr eased as a resul t of compliance ~ith the Act approved June 

16, 1933 , and for other purposes. 

:BE I T ENACTED BY T'".dE S:SNATE AND H.mSE OF REPRES ... ~NTATIVES OF THE 

UNI TED ST.l!.T:2S OF .AUE:rtl CA I lJ CONGRESS .ASSEI.J3lED, Thil. t the Comptroller 

General of the _~ited States be, and he i s her eby, authorized and 

directed to. adjust .and. settle on a fair and equitabl e basis claims 

of pe r sons who en tered into a contract or contracts with the United 

States prior to August 10 , 1933 , including subcontractors and mater.-

iaLili@n : performing work or fltrnishing material or nece ssary fuel 

direct to the con~ractor under such contracts, for additional costs 

incurred by r eason of compliance on and after August 10~ 1933, with 

a code or codes · of fair competition approved by the President under 

section 3 of the Act approved June 16, 1933, lmown as the "National 

Industrial cov er~' Act", or by r eason of compliance with an agree- · 

ment uith the President exe cuted under section 4 (a) of said Act in 

the p.erformance after August 10 , 1933 , of the contract or any part 

thereof. If tho event that such contract was peJZformed wholly or 

in part by a surety on tho bond of the contractor, the claim may be 

presented by and settlement made with such sure ty, but such surety 

shall have no greater rights than nou.ld have accrued to the contractor had such contractor CO@ple ted the contra ct. Any contractor, 

subcontractor, or completing surety desiring an adjustment and 

settlement with r espect to any such contract under this Act for 

increased costs incurred after August 10 , 1933, by reason of compliance ith the codes or eeill9 lo ~~Je nt agreements sha ll file with 

the department or administrative establishment concerned a verified 

claim itemizing such adc.itional costs, a nd any subcontractor on any 

such cont1·act may fil e his claim di ec tl ~r with the head of the department or independent establishment concerned or through the contractor. After the cla im has been ex&mined by the head of the department or independen t establishment concerned, or such person or 

persons as he shall designate, the claim shall be transmitted to the 

Comptroller General of the United States , accompanied with an administrative finding of fact and r ecommendation with re spe ct to the 

claim. 

Sec. 2. In no event shall any allowance exceed the amount ~.r 

which the cost of perforMance or such par t of t he contract as was 

performed subsequen tl~r to August 10, 1933 , ,-as directly increased 

by rea on of compl iance Yri t n a code of codes of fair competition , 

or Tiith an agreement with the President, as aforesaid. 

Sec. 3. In no event shall any alloTiance be made which ould 

result in a p rofit t o the cla i mant exceeding 7 per centum on the cost 

of performance of the contract in re spect of which the claim i s made . 

The head of t he department or establishment concerned , subject to the 

9819 
-178-

appr oval of t he Comp roller General , s4all havb t he authori y, from 

tine t o time , t o determine the act-~1 cost and profit thereon . 

Se cu 4 . o claim under shall be considered or allowed unless 

p resen ted wi thin six months from the date of a~ roval of this Act or, 

a t the op tion·of the claimant , within six months after the completion 

of the con t r ac t , excep t in L .e discretion of the Com~tro ler General 

f or good cause shoTin by the claimant. 

Se c. 5. Appropriations for the purpose of paying claims allo~ed 

he r eunder and t he exp enses of determining the claims are hereby 

authorize d. 

Seco 6 . In all proceedings under this Act witnesses may be compelle d t o attend, appear 1 and testify and produce books , pape rs, and 

letters, or o t her documents; and the cl~im thqt any such testimony 

or evidence may end to incriminate the person giving the same shall 

not excuse such witness from testifying , but such evidence or testimony shall not be used against such person in the triril of any criminal procef'l ding., . Nqthing ·in thi.s Act shall in any \7ay reli eve or ~ 

excuse any officer of the United States or any claimant from prosecut ion under any statute of the United States for . any fraud or criminal 

conduct . 

. ' 

Approved , J~ne 16, 1934. 

9819 
179 

JU-t-E.;DIX 1 

PRA CENStrS - TABlJLATlull ilY STAT£:> EMPLOYl>'-.EiiT A.;D PA'frt(T.J..S, JUNE, ocru.oER, 1933 

;1 vi si on and State Establ i snment s EmJ2lO:z!!!ent ifeekl:~:: P!!,l!!OJ.l 

Per cent Number J\Ule October ,ru:\e Octooer of Total Reportin& Per cent iumbe r Numoer Per cent Per cent llumbe r ;lu;;,oer Per cent of Total ChanJ!e of Total Cni.Ul e 

f-l•I1E;D STAfiS 100.00 b43,0b0 100.00 10, 8b8 , 004 12, 5b4, }44 15.b 100. 00 $238, 458, 411 $2:i2, blJ,4 7C 1!1 . 5 $21.94 22. 

f ,llf El<GLAND 8.74 5b,l99 10,09 1, ;)9b, l b4 1, 2b0 ,1 89 15. 0 9. 5b 22, 797, 037 2b, 949,018 1<3 . 2 20. o>o 2l.J 

llaine .8b 5. 538 .68 74 , 399 84, 301 13.3 . 55 1, 305, bo4 1, 522, 928 1b,b 17 . 55 18.07 

1;ew Hampshire ·57 3, b48 . b4 b9 ,302 77.345 u . 6 . 45 l, Oo8, 272 1 , 303, o34 22. 1 15. 41 1b.8b 

Vermont · 35 2, 258 .18 20,044 22, 987 14.7 .lb 37b ,9bb 44l , b80 17. 2 18. B1 1S.21 

l!assl\chusetts 4.58 29 , 431 5. 41 587,705 b71, b28 14.3 5.40 12, 884, 409 15, 04o, 9·ro l b. 7 21 . 92 22.)9 Rho<le Island • 72 4, b00 1.00 108, 909 12b,ll9 15.8 . 90 2,150, 2bb 2, bll, b35 21. 5 19. 74 20. Tl 

Qonnecticut l,bZ 10, 124 2,11 235 , 805 211 , 809 11,.§ 2,11) 5, 011, 520 b .. 20.3 2l..E.5 ___ 21,~ 

D ;JL!: ATLANTIC 24 ,41 15b, 919 21,28 2, 9b4 , 594 3,}b0,121 13,4 30, b3 Z3, 049,lb5 85, 51'b, 320 11,2 24, b4 25.. I 

Jew y,,rk 12. 93 83,1 58 13.49 l , 4bb,Obl l , b57. 70b 13.1 17. 2& 41,150, b93 47 , 135. 779 14. 5 26. 07 28.43 

New Je rsey 3.41 21, 951 J, b2 393, 431 44b, 235 1).4 4.04 9, 040 , 358 ll, lb4, 712 15. 8 24. 50 2?.02 

I fen s:~::l V~!! 8,01 5},, 810 10 ,11 1 , 105, 102 1, 25b, 180 13,1 9.33 22,258,114 21, 285, 829 22, & 20, 14 __ -~_.]l_ 

~T NURTH CEliTRAL 21.42 137, 128 22,59 2, 454, 818 2, 8o3, 915 11," 22,b4 53. ~90 5 o4 , 315, 038 ! '1 , 2 21o 9:1 _ _gg..JL__ 

Onio b.)O 40 , 508 b. 53 710, 017 834, 214 17. 5 o. 2b 14, 925, 599 11 , o09 , 925 19. 3 21. 0~ c.'l . 31 

Indiana 2, o3 18, 208 2.37 258 , 083 310, 991 20. 5 2. 04 74, ~ &, 013, 17( 23. 3 18. 89 l9o3'+ 

Illi nois b.}O 40 , 541 7. b4 <330, 5o4 994 , 187 19.7 8.35 19, 920, 03 2 , 529, 5b8 23 . 1 23 . 9c 2">.o7 

lli chi gan 3·33 21 , 437 4. 0b 441, 273 500, b87 13. 5 4.14 9 , 870 , 239 10, 866, 345 10 . 3 22. 37 21.75 

i§COUsin 2, b5 11, 034 1 , 98 214 , 881 243, 89& 13,5 1,84 4, }99.}48 5,134,023 1o,1 20, '+1 2l.QS___ 

EST liO?.Tn CEllTRA.L 11 ,23 12, 231 6, 42 b91 , 855 800, 115 14,1 5. 98 2b 1,17~ 1o, 12b, 951 11, 2 20, 44 20,91 

inne sota 2.43 15, 599 1. 54 l bt , 923 198, 539 18 .9 1.52 3, b28,285 4, 354. 797 20. 0 21. 74 21.93 

Iowa 2.16 13, 8b2 1 . 01 109 , 335 125, 574 14. 9 . 88 2, 08 7, 833 2, 448, 586 17. 3 19. 10 19. 50 

IUssouri 3.01 19 , 348 2. 47 2b8 , 277 298, 011 11.1 2,)1 5, 519,218 b,381, 9b9 15. b 20. 57 21. 2 

R, Dakota .41 2, bll .11 12, 11 5 15,1 80 25. 3 .10 244,047 ~5.3 99 25. 1 20.14 20.12 

s. DAkota ,44 2, 823 .15 16, b3o 18,91- 13 . 7 .15 357. 993 1 , 384 12.1 21 . 52 21.22 

Jebraska 1.23 7,89b . 53 57, 2bb 6b, 224 15.b ,48 l,l5b,ll0 1,347 , 987 16.& 20. 19 20.35 

Kansas 1,51 10, 092 , 62 b1, 303 11,b7_0 15, 4 .53 1, 2Z3 , b92 1, 48&, 8:n lb,1 1!!,92 .!.:hL 

'l<IUTB ATLANTIC 1.95 51, 095 8,9b 914,24b 1, 12£, 2b8 15,1 6,51 15, 531,392 19 , ')41 114 25, 8 15. 94 _.r.3:!t...._ 

Delaware .19 1, 234 . 15 15, 922 18,302 14.9 .14 333 ,1 78 390, 483 17. 2 20. 93 21. 

Maryland 1.10 7, 050 - 1. 31 142,091 1b7 , 042 17.6 1, 20 2, 8b2,197 3, 455, bo7 20. 7 20. 14 2C • llht. Columbia ,4b 2, 989 • 47 50, b32 56, :>01 11.0 ·55 l, 309, 947 1, 413 , 772 1·9 25. 87 25.1 

Virginia 1. 2b 8,108 1, 2b 137,143 159, 4)0 16. 3 .92 2,1 85, 412 2, 70b, 94b 23.9 15. 94 b. 

I, Virginia . 87 5. 577 1.37 1 3. 371 175, 239 22.2 l , Ob 2, 5l b, 177 3. 394 , b83 34. 9 17. 55 ·9· N, Carolina l , Ob b, 80b 1. 79 194, 242 225, 793 16. 2 1.02 2, 22, 4o5 3, 208, 0b5 32. 4 12.'+7 1 . S. •:arolina • 62 3, 9b4 . 8b 93, 920 102, 202 8,8 . 43 1, 034, ?.32 1, 383, 201 33· 7 11.01 

Georgia 1.25 8, 039 1.25 135. 553 152, 4b4 12.5 , 81 1, 919, 801 2, 415, <>9 7 25. 8 1'+ , 1b 

[lorida 1,14 1. 328 o5D 61,312 10, 515 15,0 .4o 941, 963 1,115, ilb0 24 .0 15,45 ~SOUTH C~;_ RAL __ 3.99 <5.J:UQ__ _ _ _h55_ __ _lob, 03Q __ ~L..9..0.L ___ ~l?.& _ _ __ <h.ll __ ~~tu_8 ____ _ L._2_Q2..3.1Q ____ 2.:L..L_ __ l_~_ .. b_3_ 

Kentucky 1.20 {, {07 .98 10b, 448 127' 9lb 20.2 · 77 1, 829, 274 2, 324, 372 27 .1 1 {. 111 l .1 

Tennessee 1.19 ], b/2 1. 19 129,3b4 145, 031 12. 1 . 81 1, 927,348 2, 342, t9B 21,b 14. 90 lbo1) 

Al abama 1.05 b, 743 1.07 llb, 2b3 132, 921 14.3 .b2 1,481,1b8 1, 953 , 233 31.9 12. 74 14,?9 ~s issig'O i .55 3, 5'±8 , 31 __ _l3.955 -- !!_~_Qll_ __ ;u._~ __ _ _ __._u_ ___ l±!Q._ b£8 ____ ..5.§_2 . ')22 - ___1!.1....3_ 12,.09 13,1:16 ,£ST !JUTH _Q_ENTRA.L ___ ~._li 41, 513 3. 91 4}\..__700- 520, 549 ---~_. b ____ _l~- 2~~__!_0_ .... 3J!?...5ilL __ _£M_ l:l.l3 J;!_._i!b __ 

Arkansas . 67 4, 338 .32 34, 9::Jb 43 , 1S l 8 25.2 .21 504, 902 b78 , 3lb 34-3 14. 43 15.4Ci 

Louisi=a • 79 5, 073 • 72 /8 ,21 7 91 ,24b 16. 1 ·55 1,305,b48 l, b18,472 24, 0 l b.69 17. 7 .. Old ahoma 1. 58 10, 175 • 70 75. 90b 93, 812 23.6 . b5 1, 554, 131 1, 93o, 923 24. b 20, 48 2C.,b5 

:t:n:a~ 4 , 34 21, 921 2,23 -- 29l,b13 2_Q..L_ _ _b_QQ_ 4, 9l1, 0Q9_ 6, 103. 201 2~l ___ __ZQ_._CQ_ --~C__._9g___ 

uUi.TAIU 248 -~ ---1.1.1_ 12 , 529 l :i!±, b£0 ?.l..l_ - - - _Ll2 ___ 9J.L...~-~1 . 821 _ _g_f?_J__ _ _gJ,_,_QQ__ -~ 

kontana . 38 :?, 473 .12 13, 2/8 15, 675 19. b . 13 312, 304 395, 415 2b,b 23. 52 24.91 

Idaho .)6 2, 312 , 14 15,151 19, 393 27. 9 . 12 293, 917 390, 53 I 32. 9 19. 39 20.1'+ 

fyor:dng . 18 1 , 186 . 09 9. 901 12 1 o(IS 28. 0 , 09 223,311 305, 853 37. 0 22. 55 2'+.12 

Colorado . 85 5, 441 ·39 42, 323 51, 298 21 . 2 · 37 8 (8,194 1 , 111 , 074 2b. 5 20. 75 2l,bt) 

New l.!exico . 17 1 ,109 . • 08 8, 803 10 ,412 18. 3 . 07 l bl, 907 204, o04 2b, 4 18. 39 19. o5 

Arizona .23 1, 447 , 12 12, b97 14, b83 15.b .12 278, 383 319, 441 14. 7 21 . 93 21, (b 

Utah . 25 1, 599 .21 22, 373 2& , 714 19.7 .19 45b, 834 578, 74b 2b. 7 20, 42 2l.b2 

llevada ,o6 393 _._Ql 2,991 -455.l_ 18,1 . 03 12 !108 ~ 18, 3 24_.gs_ 24 22 

'ACIFIC 9.34 b0 , 082 b.JO _o85, 00b 624,038 20,3 b,95 l b, 5_o4, 144 20, uu4 , B32 20, 6 2~ 16 2~28 

laenin&ton 1.62 10, 407 l . Ob ll4, 9b4 138,815 20. 7 . 98 2,341 , 184 2, o80, 7bb 23. 0 20. Jb 20, 75 

Oregon 1.01 b, 527 . b7 73,179 93,020 27.1 , b2 1,474, 504 1, 90b , 902 29. 3 20,15 20.50 

~!!J.ifornia &.n 43,148 4. 51 49b, 8b3 592,203 19,2 5.35 .1£._ £!±9....Q5_b 15, 211 ,1 b4 19, 4 25,bb _gs_ 0 

ILL OTiiERS 1 L 3.05 19.._b01 9, bb 1, 050,0b2 1,184,918 __j,_g_& __ lO.lb _5._b~ 2!l, !!95, 4b2 ;!,1 ,1 24, 43 24. 05 

Lj Data for questionnaires whi ch do not clearly indicate that a breakdown bas been made on a pr oper geographical basis; data f or establ ishnents operating in 

two or more States, such as, r liilroads, steam boa t s, pipe lines, t elephone and tel egrapn, and power companies; t he r eoorts of companies having p1a~ts in 

Yari ous Stqtes for which i ndividual reports were not submitt ed but f or wnich a master report ~as supplied; and data from returns rer.eived ior a State 

after the State had been sent t o t he Tabulation Section 1or punchiQ6 anu tabulating. 

:IRA 

:11 vision of Review 

u.s 

APPENDIX J 

(Eigl t conies t o be submitted) 

BAS IC CODE FOR S~S ITUTIO ~S JEFORE 

THE POLICY 30Jk~ I N P. R. A. FOR SECTIONS ____________________ TO ____________________ _ 

L TCLUSIVE. 

DEFINITIO!· : 

The t erm trade/industry 

as used herein includes but is not rni ~d to 

SECTION I. LABOR PROVISIONS : 

A. Emoloyees s.all have the right to or gani ze and bargain coll ectively through re"Dresentatives of the ir own choosing , 

and shall be free from interference, restr int, cr coercion 

of emoloye rs of l ab or, or their agents, in the desi gna tion 

of such r epresenta tives or in self-organization or in any 

other conce rted activities for the purpose of collective 

bargaining or other mut ual a id or protection; 

B. ro emuloyee a nd no one seeking employment shall be required 

as a condition of emnloyrnent to join any comua ny union or to 

refra in from joining, organ1z1ng or assisting H l abor organization of h is own choosing; a nd 

C. Employe r s shall comply with t he maximurn hours of labor, 

minimum r a tes of nay, ann other conditi ons of emnloyment, 

auuroved or prescribed by the President. 

SECTION II. CHILD LA30R: 

After August 31, 1933, no person unde r 16 years of age shall 

be employed; PROVIDED, however, tha t where a s t ate law 

snecifies a higher minimurn age, no nerson belo\'1' t he age so 

specified by such law, shall be ecroloyed within t ha t sta te. 

SECTION III. MAXI MUM HOURS: 

9819 

A. Emnloyees not covered by Sec tion III B (exceDt outside salesmen) may not be errmloyed in any p l a ce or manner for more 

tha n months ' neriod, but may be emDloyed a maximum 

week of hours for ,any weeks , w ithin any 

______________ months neriod; p rovided , however, tha t such 

employees may not be emnloyed more than e i ght hours in any 

one day. The hours of any s tore or service oper a tion shall 

not be r educed to below hours in any one week , unless 

such hours ~e re less than hours per eek before 

July l, 1933 , and in the l a tter C8se, such hours shall not 

be reduceo at all. 
'. 

·' 

S

., . 
-181-

B. :To fe tory or mechani CD.l wo· 1 r or r : i s<m shall be employed r11o .ce 

than a n axir:mn •-reel~ of ______ hours, av nv;ed over ::t ___ _ 

"'10~1ths ' oc 1 i oC:. , but 1o.y be e 1oyed :: rna:\.j mum '' e : of 

haul s for ·1ny ···.,..] s · ·itlin such rr1onthc- t lJCriod ; 0rovided, lO' ·ev ( r, thnt ,, c:1 er.lOlrrrees r>11~l l not be ,m'J o:rec:. ·10 r e 

lour i. 8.1' one clay . 

v . The Ga:d r:n.u.1 no1us fi~-:eCl. in tl.e :..o r e ".oin::> narag.~.en:1s III A anC:. III 

all nt Ruol y to emuloye es in est ~b ishr!!e:-1ts emuloying not 

nore t.:;.an t •·ro ·Jcrsons in to rns of less the: 25('( Dopulation, ···l'li ch 

tom1 s e.re not a 9a:ct of a l arger trad e area ; nor to regi st e rect 

··)harro1r-tCi st s or ot h .. ;r ·oror essional 1)err,ons em-oloyecl in t heir ·'? ·~o

fe fJ ion s ; nor to emuloye es in a manageri a l or e~ ecu t i ve ca -:Ja ci ty , 

,:rho receive more t ·'lea $35 . or p Ar "7ee1c ; nor to emuloye es on emerr;e~ 1cy aintena 1.ce and. r e,?air ' ork; no r to ver y S"''Je cial cases rhe:te 

:~fs tri tions of ho,·.rs of hi ?;hly s.:illed 'o:~l~ers on co ntinuous ·.Jro -

cesc-e s vro <l d unavoiO.a ul ) re e u:!.'ocluction ( ste.te cla.sse s -9nd ·~ork ). 

:But i 'l a·o1.y su ch s9ecial cas e , at l ec.st time ano. one-third s:1a11 be 

·oaid.. fo r hours 'la r ked in o~_ces s or t he fl~dmum hours uer d :'l.y '_erein~e fore n r ovi d ed ; not to 

·----- --- ---------------=- The po~ulat ion for the ·our uo ses of t h is Co de shall be determined_ ~r 

ref er cmce to the 1930 Fe<J.e r a l Census . 

SECTimT I . LllTI-·tlF .• ''!.\GES: 

A. '8Dl1].o;re es i11 t he classes cov e r ed oy ·oc.rae;ranh III A shall be pai c1 

not less t han do ll!" rs Der week in any 

ci ~r of ov er 50(' , or I nopul a tion or in t he i nmedi a t e trade 2.rea of 

such a city ; nor l_ess th n do l lars ·oer 

n e ek in any city of bet we en 2 , 500 an d 25C' , OCC :oo-pul a tion, or in 

the immediate trade ar ea of such cit y ; and i n to ,:m s of less than 

2, 5C'C poDulat ion, Vlc:-• .:;e s shall be i ::1.c reas ed ~r 1ot less than 

:pel~cen t, 1Jro vi Cl.ed t lat thi s shall not l~ equ re ra es to be ·oaid in 

e~:cess of per '~eel<: . 

B. E;-;nlo~;ees of the clasres men tioned in '9aragra:,?h III B shal l b e 

uaid. not l ess t han cents pe r hour. It is ag r eed that 

t !1is ·Jaragr a:_Jh establishes a guarant e e d minimui!l r ete of pa~r , regardless of ''Thether the emp lo;;ree is coD,Jensa ted on the bas es of a 

time :r2.te or on -piece wo r k perfo rmance . 

C. (Li st he r e e:<:Cel}tio"ls to and e·:em·otions fro m the above 1-::rage figure , if any . ) 

SECTI01 V. PRE I~E!'!T IAL ~ODIF I CATION : 

9819 # 

The Pre si c.ent may , f rom time t o time, cancel or modi fy any or der, 

a-.9:-?ro val , license , ruling or r egula tion issued u.11de r this titl e . 

OFFICE OF THE NATIONAL RECOVERY ADM I NISTRATION 

THE DIVISION OF REVIEW 

THE WORK OF THE DIVISION OF REVIEW 

Executive Orde r No . 7075, dated June 15, 1935, est ablished the Divi sion of Review of ~he 

National Recovery Administration . The pertinent pa rt of the Exec utive Order reads thus : 

The Division of Review shall assemble, analyze, and r eport upon t he statistical 

information and records of experience of the ope rati ons of the various t rades and 

industries heretofore subject to codes of fa.ir compe tition, shall s t udy the effects of such codes upon trade, industrial and labor condi tion s in general, and 

other related matters, shall make available for the protection and promotion of 

the public interest an adequate review of the effects of the Administration of 

Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, and the principles and policies 

put into effect thereunder, and shall otherwise aid the President in carrying out 

his functions under the said Title. I hereby appoint Leon C. Ma rshall, Director of 

tr.e Division of Review. 

The study sections set up in the Division of Review covered these areas: i ndustry 

studies, foreign trade studies, labor studies, trade practjce stud j es, statistical studies, 

legal studies, administration studies, miscellaneous studies, and the writing of code histories. The materials which Here produced by these sections are indicated below. 

Except for the Code Histories, all items mentioned below are scheduled to be in mimeographed form by April l, 1936. 

THE CODE HISTORIES 

The Code Histories are documented accounts of the formation and administration of the 

codes. They contain the definjtion of the industry and the principal products thereof; the 

classes of members in the industry; the history of code formation including an accour.t of the 

sponsoring organi z ations, the conferences, negotiations and hearings which were held, and 

the a ctivities in connection with obtaining approval of t he code ; the history of the administration of the code, covering the organization and operation of the code authority. 

the difficulties encountered in administration, the extent of compliance or non·compliance, 

and the general success or lack of success of the code ; and an anal ysis of the operation of 

code provjsions dealing with wages, hours, trade practices, and other proVls~on:::;. These 

and other matters are canvassed not only in terms of the materials to he found in the files, 

out also in terms of the experiences of the deputies and others concerned with code formation 

and administration. 

The Code Hi stories, (including histories of certain NRA units or agencies) are not 

mimeographed. They are to be turned over to the Department of Commerce in typewritten form. 

All told, approximately eight hundred and fifty (850) histories will be completed. This 

number includes all of the approved codes and some of the unapproved codes. (In ~ork 

Materials 1'-lo 18, Content§ of Code Histries, will be found the outline which governed 

the preparation of Code Histories.) 

(In the case of all approved codes and also in the case of some codes not carried to 

final approval, there are in NRA files further materials on industries. Particularly worthy 

of mention are the Volumes I, II and III which constitute the material officially submitted 

to the President in support of the recommendation for approval of each code. These vo~umes 

9768--1. 

-iiset forth the origination of the code, the sponsoring group, the evidence advanced to s upport the proposal, the report of the Division of Research and Planning on the industry. the 

recommendations of the various Advisory Boards, certain types of official correspondence, 

the transcript of the formal hearing, and other pertinent matter. There is also much offic'al 'nformation re lating to amendments, interpretations, exemptions, and other rulings. The 

materials mentioned in this paragraph were of course not a part of the work of the Division 

of Review.) 

THE WORK MATERIALS SERIES 

In the work of the Division of Review a considerable number of studies and compilations 

of data (other than those noted below in the Evidence Studies Series and the Statistical 

Material Series) have been ruade. These are listed below, grouped according to the character of the material. (In l'lQrk ¥atilllli !iq. 17, Tentativ~ Qutlines and Summaries of 

Studies i n Process, these materials are fully described) . 

Automobile Industry, An Economic Survey of 

Bituminous Coal Industry under Free Competition and Code Regul aticn, Economic Survey of 

Electrical Manufacturing Industry, The 

Fertilizer Industry, The 

Fishery Industry and the Fishery Codes 

Fishermen and Fishing Craft, Earnings of 

Foreign Trade under the National Industrial Recovery Act 

Part A - Competitive Position of the United States in International Trade 1927-29 through 

1934. 

Part B - Section 3 (e) of NIRA and its administration . 

Part C - Imports and Importing under NRA Codes. 

Part D - Exports and Exporting under NRA Codes . 

Forest Products Industries, Foreign Trade Study of the 

Iron and Steel Industry, The 

Knitting Industries, The 

Leather and Shoe Industries, The 

Lumber and Timber Products Industry, Economic Problems of the 

Men's Clo thing Industry, The 

Millinery Industry, The 

Motion Picture Industry, The 

Mi gration of Industry, The: The Shift of Twenty-Five Needle Trades From New York State, 

1926 to 1934 

National Labor Income by Months, 1929-35 

Paper Industry, The 

Pr oduction, Prices, Employment and Payrolls in Industry, Agriculture and Railway Transportation, January 1923, to date 

Retail Trades Study, The 

Rubber Industry Study, The 

Textile Industry in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, and Japan 

Textile Yarns and Fabrics 

Tobacco Industry, The 

Wholesale Trades Study, The 

Women's Neckwear and Scarf Industry, Financial and Labor Data on 

9768-2 

- iii -

Women's Apparel Industry, Some Aspects of the 

o ... _o ities, Infor_ation Concerning A Stud of RA and Relate Experiences in Control 

!":;" stribJt:. n, .. ~anufac t rers' Control of: Tra e Practice Provisions in Selected NRA Codes 

Distributive Relations in the Asbestos Industry 

Desi~n Pirac : The ProbJ em and Its Treatment Unde.r NRA Codes 

Electrical Mfg. Industry: Price Filing Study 

Fertilizer Industry : Price Filing Study 

Geograpl ical Price Relatior.s Under Codes of Fair Compe tition, Contrvl of 

Minimum Price Regulation Under Codes of Fair Competition 

Mul tiple Basing Point System in the Lime Industry: Operation of the 

Price Control in the Coffee Industry 

Price Filing Under NRA Codes 

Production Control in the Ice Industry 

Production Control, Case Studies in 

Resale Price Maintenance Legislation in the United States 

Retai l Price Cutting, Restriction of, with special Emphasis on The Drug Industry. 

Trade Practice Rules of The Federal Trade Commission (1914-1936): A classification for 

comparison with Trade Practice Provisions of NRA Codes. 

Cap and Cloth Hat Industry, Commission Report on Wage Differentials in 

Earnings in Selected Manufacturing Indus:ries, by States, 1933-35 

Employment, Payrolls, Hours, and Wages in 115 Selected Code Industries 1933-35 

Fur Manufacturing, Commission Report on Wages and Hours in 

Hours and Wages in American Industry 

Labor Program Under the National Industrial Recovery Act, The 

Part A. Introduction 

Part B. Control of Hours and Reemployment 

Part C. 

Part D. 

Part E. 

Control of Wages 

Control of Other Conditions of Employment 

Section 7(a) of the Recovery Act 

Materials in the Field of Industrial Relations 

PRA Census of Employment, June, October, 1933 

Puerto Rico Needlework, Homeworkers Survey 

Administrative ~~ 

Admin"strative and Legal Aspects of Stays, Exemptions and Exceptions, Code Amendments, Conditional Orders of Approval 

Administrative Interpretations of NRA Codes 

Administrat:ve Law and Procedure under the NIRA 

Agreements Under Sections 4(a) and 7(b) of the NIRA 

Approve Codes in Industry Groups, Classification of 

Basi c Code, the -- (Administrative Order X-61) 

Co e :.ut:.or~ ties and Their Part in tile Administration of the NIRA 

Part A. Introduction 

Part B. Nature, Composition and Organization of Code Authorities 

9768--2. 

- iv -

Part C. Activities of the Code Authoritie s 

Part D. Code Autho rity Finances 

Part E. Summary and Evaluation 

Code Compliance Activities of the NRA 

Code Making Program of the NRA in the Territories, The 

Code Provisions and Related Subjects, Policy Statements Concerning 

Content of NIRA Administrative Legislation 

Part A. Executive ~nd Administr~tive Orders 

Part B. Labor Provisions in the Codes 

Part c. Trade Practice Provisions in the Codes 

Part D. Administrative Provisions in the Codes 

Part E. Agreements under Sections 4(a) and 7(b) 

Part F. A Type Case : The Cotton Textile Code 

Lab~ls Under NRA, A Study of 

Model Code and Model Provisions for Codes, Development of 

National Recovery Administration, The: A Review of its Organization and Activities 

NRA Insignia 

President's Reemployment Agreement, The 

President's Reemploymen t Agreement , Substitutions in Connection with the 

Prison Labor Problem under NRA and the Prison Compact, The 

Problems of Administration in the Overlapping of Code Definitions of Industries and Trades, 

Multiple Code Coverage, Classifying Individual Members of Industries and Trades 

Relationship of NRA to Government Contracts and Contracts Involving the Use of Governme~t 

Funds 

Relationship of NRA with States and Municipalities 

Sheltered Workshops Under NRA 

Uncodified Industries: A Study of Factors Limiting the Code Making Program 

Anti-Trust Laws and Unfair Competition 

Collec tive Bargain ing Agreements, the Right of Individual Employees t Enforce 

Commerce Clause, Federal Regulation of the Employer-Employee Relationship Under the 

Delega tion of Power, Cert ain Phases of the Principle of, with Reference t Federal Industrial 

Regulatory Legislation 

En forcement, Ex tra-Judicial Methods of 

Federa l Regulation through the Jo int Employment of the Power of Taxati n and the Spend ing 

Power 

Go vernment Contract Provisions as a Me ans ~f Establishing Proper Economic St~ndards, Legal 

Memorandum on Possibility of 

Industrial Relations in Australia, Regulation of 

lntrastate A9tiv1ties Whign ~o Affegt Interstat e Comm~rce as to 6ring them Under ~he Commerce Clause, Cases on 

Legislative Possibilities of the State Constitutions 

Post Office and Post Road Power -- Can it be Used as a Means of Federal Industrial Reg~l

tion? 

State Recovery Lagislation in Aid ·Jf Federal Recovery Legislation History ar.d Anal ysi2 

Tariff Rates to Secure Proper Standards of W~ges and Hours, the Possibili ty ~f ari~ti?n in 

Trade Practices and the Anti-Trust Laws 

Treaty Making Power of the U~ited States 

War Power, Can it be Used as a Means of Federal Regulation of Child Labor ? 

9768-4. 

- v -

The Evidence Studi es were ori ginal_y undertaken to gather material for pendin g c~urt 

cases. Af ter the Schechter decision the project was continued in order to assemble data for 

use i n connection with the studies c f the Division of Review. The data a re particularly 

concerned wi th the na ture, size and opera tions of the industry; and with the relation of the 

industr~ to inte rstate commerce. The i ndustri es covered by the Evidence Studies a ccount for 

more than one-ha_f of the total numbe r of workers under codes. The list of those studies 

follows: 

Automobile Manufacturing Industry 

Automotive Parts and Equipment Industry 

Baking Industry 

Boot and Shoe Manufacturing Industry 

Bottled Soft Drink Industry 

Builders' Supplies Indust ry 

Canning Industry 

Chemical Manufacturing Industry 

Cigar Manufacturing Industry 

Coat dUd Suit Industry 

Construction Industry 

Cotton Garment Industry 

Dress ~anufacturing Industry 

Electrical Contracting Industry 

Elect~ical Manufacturing Industry 

Fabricated Metal Products Mfg. and Metal Fjnishing and Metal Coating Industry 

Fishery Indu~try 

Furniture Manufac t uring Industry 

General Contractors Industry 

Graphic Arts Industry 

Gray Iron Foundry Industry 

Hosiery Industry 

Infant's and Children's Wear Industry 

Iron and Steel Industry 

Leather Industry 

Lumbe r and Timber Products InCustry 

Mason Contractors Industry 

Men's Clothi ng Industry 

Motion Picture Industry 

Motor Vehicle Retailing Trade 

Needlework Industry of Puerto Rico 

Painting and Paperhanging Industry 

Photo Engraving Industry 

Plumbing Contrac t iDg Industry 

Re tail Lumber Industry 

Retail Trade Industry 

Retail Tire and Battery Trade Industry 

Rubber Manufacturing Industry 

Rubber Tire Manufacturing Industry 

Shipbuilding Industry 

Silk Textile Industry 

Structural Clay Products Industry 

Throwing Industry 

Trucking Industry 

Waste Materials Industry 

Whol esale and Retail Food Industry 

Wh olesale Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Industry 

Wo ol Textile Industry 

THE STATISTICAL MATERIALS SERIES 

This series is supplementary to t he Evidence Studies Seri es . The reports include data 

on establishments, firms, employment, Payrolls, wages, hours, production capacities, shipments, sales, consumption, stocks, prices, material costs, failures, exports and imports . 

They also include notes on the principal qualifications that should be observed in using the 

data, the technical methods employed, and t he applicability of the material to the study of 

the industries r.o ncerned . The following numbers appear in the series: 

9768--5. 

Asphalt Shingle and Roofi ng Industry 

Bu siness Furniture 

Candy Manufacturi ng Indust ry 

Ca rpet and Rug Indust ry 

Cement Industr y 

Cleani ng and Dy e~ g Trade 

Coffee Industry 

Coppe r and Brass Mi l l Products Industry 

Cotton Textile Industry 

Electrical Manufactu ring Industry 

- vi -

Fertilize r I ndustry 

Fun era l Suppl y Industry 

Glass Containe r Indust ry 

I ce Manu facturing Indust:y 

Kn i tted Out erwea r In d~s y 

Pai nt, Va rn ish, and Lacquer , Mfg. Indust ry 

Pl umbing Fixtures Industry 

Rayon and Synthe t i c Yarn Produ cing Industry 

Sal t Producing Industry 

THE COVERAGE 

The original , and approved, plan of the Divi sion of Review contemplated resource s sufficient (a) to prepare some 1200 histories of codes and NRA units or agencies, (b) to consolidate and index the NRA files containing some 40,000,000 pieces, (c) to engage in ext ensive field wo rk, (d) to secure much aid from established statistical agencies of government, (e) to assemble a considerable number of experts in various fields, (f) to conduct 

approximately 25% more studies than are listed above, and (g) to prepare a comprehensive 

summarj report. 

Because of reductions made in personnel and i n use of outside experts, limitation of 

access to field work and research agencies, and lack of jurisdiction over files, the projected plan was necessarily curtailed. The most serious curtailments were the omission of 

the comprehensive summary report; the dropping of certain studies and the reduction in the 

coverage of other studies; and the abandonment of the consolidation and indexing of the 

files. Fortunately , there is reason to hope that the fi les may yet be cared for under other 

auspices. 

Notwithstanding t hese limitations, if the files are ultimately consolidated and indexed the explo r ation of the NRA materials will have been sufficient to make them accessible 

and highly useful. They ccnsti tute the largest and richest single body of information 

concerning the problems and operations of industry ever assembled in any nation . 

9768-- 6 . 

L. C. Marshall, 

Director, Division of Review. 



)OM 

no . 82