1

Studies Cited in the Response to Reconsideration Petitions Regarding the Appropriate and 

Necessary Finding

December, 2014

(point of contact: Amy Lamson, U.S. EPA, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, email: lamson.amy@epa.gov)

EPA has placed in the docket a CD containing .pdf copies of the additional studies that EPA 

cited in the Response to Reconsideration Petitions regarding the Appropriate and Necessary

Finding in support of the Mercury and Air Toxics Standards. This memo and CD supplement the 

studies provided in docket for the final rule (docket #EPA-HQ-OAR-2009-0234-1987). Full 

citations for these studies are provided in this memo below.

Many of the cited studies are under copyright. Copyrighted material is not available in

Regulations.gov since it may not be reproduced without consent of the copyright holder. These 

studies can be viewed in the public reading room at the U.S. EPA Docket Center. In addition, we 

did not include .pdf copies of any cited presentations, books, or software on this disk drive.

In addition, we include several data files related to the non-mercury risk assessment on this CD, 

which are cited in the petition responses and available on the Internet at 

<http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/utility/utilitypg.html>.

 a5_oil_mact_floor_analysis_121611.xlsx (labeled as the “MACT Floor analysis –oil” in

the MATS ICR Data section of the website)

 eu_partiii.mbd (labeled as “EGU ICR PartIII” in the MATS ICR Data section of the

website)

 mats_final_current_base_hap.inven.xlsx (labeled as the “Emissions Spreadsheet” in the 

Technical Support Documents section of the website)
2

Already Included 

in Docket (#EPAHQ-OAR-2009-

0234-19897)

Included in this 

Memo (and CD) Full Citation

 Amos, H.M., Jacob, D.J., Holmes, C.D., Fisher, J.A., Wang, Q., Yantosca, R.M., Corbitt, E.S., Galarneau, E., 

Rutter, A.P., Gustin, M.S., Steffen, A., Schauer, J.J., Graydon, J.A., St Louis, V.L., Talbot, R.W., Edgerton, 

E.S., Zhang, Y., Sunderland, E.M. 2012. “Gas-particle partitioning of atmospheric Hg(II) and its effect on 

global mercury deposition.” Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, 591-603.

 Baker, K.R., Bash, J.O., 2012. “Regional scale photochemical model evaluation of total mercury wet 

deposition and speciated ambient mercury.” Atmospheric Environment 49, 151-162.

 Burger J and Gochfeld M. 2012. “Selenium and mercury molar ratios in saltwater fish from New Jersey: 

Individual and species variability complicate use in human health fish consumption advisories.” Environ 

Res. 114, 12–23.

 Burger, J. 2002. “Daily consumption of wild fish and game: Exposures of high end recreationalists.” 

International Journal of Environmental Health Research 12:4, p. 343-354.

 Burger, J., Stephens, W. L., Boring, C. S., Kuklinski, M., Gibbons, J. W., Gochfeld M. 1999. “Factors in 

Exposure Assessment: Ethnic and Socioeconomic Differences in Fishing and Consumption of Fish Caught 

along the Savannah River.” Risk Analysis 19, No. 3, p. 427. 

 Burger, Joanna, Michael Gochfeld, C. Jeitner, M. Donio, and T. Pittfield. 2012 “Selenium: Mercury Molar 

Ratios in Freshwater Fish from Tennessee: Individual, Species, and Geographical Variations have 

Implications for Management.” EcoHealth DOI: 10.1007/s10393-012-0761-y

 Butler, T.J., M. D. Cohen, F. M. Vermeylen, G. E. Likens, D. Schmeltz, R. S. Artz. 2008. “Regional 

precipitation mercury trends in the eastern USA, 1998–2005: Declines in the Northeast and Midwest, no 

trend in the Southeast,” Atmospheric Environment 42: 1582–1592.

 Cabañero AI, Madrid Y, Camara C. 2007. “Mercury-selenium species ratio in representative fish samples and

their bioaccessibility by an in vitro digestion method.” Biol Trace Elem Res 119:195–211.

 Cabañero AI, Madrid Y, Cámara, C. 2004. “Selenium and mercury bioaccessibility in fish samples: an in vitro

digestion method.” Anal Chim Acta 526:51–61.

 Caffrey, J.M., Landing, W.M., Nolek, S.D., Gosnell, K.J., Bagui, S.S., Bagui, S.C., 2010. “Atmospheric 

deposition of mercury and major ions to the Pensacola (Florida) watershed: spatial, seasonal, and interannual variability.” Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, 5425-5434.

 California Department of Health Services (CDHS), 1991. Health Risk Assessment for Nickel. Initial Statement 

for Rulemaking, Proposed Identification of Nickel as a Toxic Air Contaminant – Technical Support 

Document, part B. Available at http://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/id/summary/nickel_tech_b.pdf. 

 Canuel R, Boucher de Grosbois S, Atikessé L, Lucotte M, Arp P, Ritchie C, et al., 2006. “New evidence on

variations of human body burden of methylmercury from fish consumption.” Environ Health Perspect

114:302–306.
3

Already Included 

in Docket (#EPAHQ-OAR-2009-

0234-19897)

Included in this 

Memo (and CD) Full Citation

 CDC. 2001. First National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals Results: Mercury. U.S. 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 

 CDC. 2012. Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals Updated Tables, 

February 2012: Total Blood Mercury. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available on the 

internet at http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/pdf/FourthReport_UpdatedTables_Feb2012.pdf.

 Chalmers, A.T., D.M. Argue, D.A. Gay, M.E. Brigham, C.J. Schmitt, D.L. Lorenz. 2011. “Mercury trends in 

fish from rivers and lakes in the United States, 1969-2005,” Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

175:175-191.

 Charbonneau S, Munro I, Nera E, et al., 1976. “Chronic toxicity of methylmercury in the adult cat.” Interim

Report Tox 5:337-349.

 Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission. 1994. A Fish Consumption Survey of the Umatilla, Nez Perce, 

Yakima and Warm Springs Tribes of the Columbia River Basin. Technical Report 94-3. October.

 Corburn, J. 2002. “Combining community-based research and local knowledge to confront asthma and 

subsistence-fishing hazards in Greenpoint/Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York.” Environmental Health 

Perspectives, 110(2).

 Daniels, JL, Longnecker, MP, Rowland, AS, Golding, J, and The ALSPAC Study Team– University of Bristol 

Institute of Child Health. 2004. “Fish Intake During Pregnancy and Early Cognitive Development of 

Offspring.” Epidemiology 15:394-402.

 Dellinger, J.A. 2004. “Exposure assessment and initial intervention regarding fish consumption of tribal 

members of the Upper Great Lakes Region in the United States,” Environmental Research 95, 325–340.

 Dittman, J.A., C.T. Driscoll. 2009. “Factors influencing changes in mercury concentrations in lake water and 

yellow perch (Perca flavescens) in Adirondack Lakes.” Biogeochemistry 93: 179–196.

 Harris, R.C., et al., 2007. “Whole-ecosystem study shows rapid fish-mercury response to changes in mercury 

deposition.” PNAS 104 (42): 16586-16591.

 He, M, Ke, CH, Wang, W.X., 2010. “Effects of cooking and subcellular distribution on the bioaccessibility of

trace elements in two marine fish species.” J Agric Food Chem 58:3517–3523.

 Henderson, R. 2007. Letter from Dr. Rogene Henderson, Chair, Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee, to 

Administrator Stephen L. Johnson. Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC) Lead Review of the 

2nd Draft Lead Human Exposure and Health Risk Assessments Document. September 27, 2007. EPACASAC-07-007

 Hibbeln, JR, Davis, JM, Steer, C, Emmett, C, Rogers, I, Williams, C, Golding, J. 2007. “Maternal seafood 

consumption in pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood (ALSPAC study): an 

observational cohort study,” Lancet 369:578–85.
4

Already Included 

in Docket (#EPAHQ-OAR-2009-

0234-19897)

Included in this 

Memo (and CD) Full Citation

 Holmes, C.D., Jacob, D.J., Corbitt, E.S., Mao, J., Yang, X., Talbot, R., Slemr, F., 2010. “Global atmospheric 

model for mercury including oxidation by bromine atoms.” Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, 12037-

12057.

 Jaffe, D., Prestbo, E., Swartzendruber, P., Weiss-Penzias, P., Kato, S., Takami, A., Hatakeyama, S., Kajii, Y., 

2005. “Export of atmospheric mercury from Asia.” Atmospheric Environment 39, 3029-3038.

 Johansson, K. Bergback, B. and Tyler, G. 2001. “Impact of atmospheric long range transport of lead, mercury 

and cadmium on the Swedish forest environment.” Water Air Soil Pollution. Focus 1, 279–297.

 Karamchandani, P., Vijayaraghavan, K., Chen, S.-Y., Seigneur, C., Edgerton, E.S., 2006. “Plume-in-grid 

modeling for particulate matter.” Atmospheric Environment 40, 7280-7297.

 Keeler, G.J., Landis, M.S., Norris, G.A., Christianson, E.M., Dvonch, J.T., 2006. “Sources of mercury wet 

deposition in Eastern Ohio, USA.” Environmental Science & Technology 40, 5874-5881.

 Kolker, A., Olson, M.L., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Tate, M.T., Engle, M.A., 2010. “Patterns of mercury dispersion 

from local and regional emission sources, rural Central Wisconsin, USA.” Atmospheric Chemistry and 

Physics 10, 4467-4476.

 Kwaśniak J, Falkowska L, Kwaśniak M. 2012. “The assessment of organic mercury in Baltic fish by use of an

in vitro digestion model.” Food Chem 132:752–758 (available online 15 Nov 2011).

 Laird BD, Shade C, Gantner N, Man Chan H, Siciliano SD. 2009. “Bioaccessibility of mercury from traditional

northern country foods measured using an in vitro gastrointestinal model is independent of mercury

concentration.” Sci Tot Environ. 407:6003–6008. 

 Landis, M.S., Keeler, G.J. 2002. “Atmospheric mercury deposition to Lake Michigan during the Lake 

Michigan Mass Balance Study.” Environmental Science & Technology 36, 4518-4524.

 Li R, Leung GCK. 2012. “Coal consumption and economic growth in China.” Energy Policy 40: 438-443.

 Lohman, K., Seigneur, C., Edgerton, E., Jansen, J., 2006. “Modeling mercury in power plant plumes.” 

Environmental Science & Technology 40, 3848-3854.

 Maulvault AL, Machado R, Afonso C, Lourenço HM, Nunes ML, Coelho I, Langerholc T, Marques A. 2011.

“Bioaccessibility of Hg, Cd and As in cooked black scabbard fish and edible crab.” Food Chem Tox 49:

2808–2815.

 Metian M, Charbonnier L, Oberhaënsli F, Bustamante P, Jeffree R, Amiard JC, Warnau M. 2008. “Assessment

of metal, metalloid, and radionuclide bioaccessibility from mussels to human consumers, using

centrifugation and simulated digestion methods coupled with radiotracer techniques.” Ecotox Environ Safe

72:1499–1502.

 Miettinen JK, Rahola T, Hattula T, Rissanen K, Tillander M. 1971. “Elimination of 203Hg-methylmercury in 

man.” Ann Clin Res. Apr 3(2):116-22.
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Already Included 

in Docket (#EPAHQ-OAR-2009-

0234-19897)

Included in this 

Memo (and CD) Full Citation

 Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA). 2007. Minnesota Statewide Mercury Total Maximum Daily 

Load. March 27.

 Moya. J., Itkiin, C., Selevan, S.G., Rogers, J.W., Clickner, R. P. 2008. “Estimates of fish consumption rates for 

consumers of bought and self-caught fish in Connecticut, Florida, Minnesota, and North Dakota.” Science 

of the Total Environment 403, issue 1-3, p. 89-98.

 Ouédraogo O, Amyot M. 2011. “Effects of various cooking methods and food components on bioaccessibility

of mercury from fish.” Environ Res 111:1064–1069.

 Prestbo, E.M. and Gay, D.A. 2009. “Wet deposition of mercury in the US and Canada 1996-2005: Results and 

Analysis of the NADP mercury deposition network (MDN),” Atmos. Environ. 43, 4332-4233. 

 Shen L, Gao T-m, Cheng X. 2012. “China’s coal policy since 1979: A brief overview.” Energy Policy 40: 274-

281.

 Shilling, Fraser, Aubrey White, Lucas Lippert, Mark Lubell. 2010. “Contaminated fish consumption in 

California’s Central Valley Delta.” Environmental Research 110, p. 334-344.

 Shim SM, Ferruzzi MG, Kim YC, Janle EM, Santerre CR. 2009. “Impact of phytochemical-rich foods on

bioaccessibility of mercury from fish.” Food Chem 112:46–50.

 Slemr, F., Brunke, E.G., Ebinghaus, R., Kuss, J., 2011. “Worldwide trend of atmospheric mercury since 1995.” 

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, May, 4779-4787.

 Streets, D.G., Zhang, Q., Wu, Y., 2009. “Projections of Global Mercury Emissions in 2050.” Environmental 

Science & Technology 43, 2983-2988.

 Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), 2011. Development Support Document for nickel and 

inorganic nickel compounds. Available online at 

http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/assets/public/implementation/tox/dsd/final/june11/nickel_&_compounds.pdf

 Tian, Hezhong, Yan Wang, Ke Cheng, Yiping Qu, Jiming Hao, Zhigang Xue, and Fahe Chai. 2012. “Control 

strategies of atmospheric mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants in China.” Journal of the Air &

Waste Management Association 62(5):576–586. DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2012.663733

 Torres-Escribano S, Denis S, Blanquet-Diot S, Calatayud M, Barrios L, Vélez D, Alric M, Montoro R. 2011a.

“Comparison of a static and a dynamic in vitro model to estimate the bioaccessibility of As, Cd, Pb and Hg

from food reference materials Fucus sp. (IAEA-140/TM) and Lobster hepatopancreas(TORT-2).” Sci Total

Environ 409: January, 604–611.

 Torres-Escribano S, Ruiz A, Barrios L, Vélez D, Montoro R. 2011b. “Influence of mercury bioaccessibility on

exposure assessment associated with consumption of cooked predatory fish in Spain.” J Sci Food Agric 91: 

April, 981–986.
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Already Included 

in Docket (#EPAHQ-OAR-2009-

0234-19897)

Included in this 

Memo (and CD) Full Citation

 U.S. EPA. 1989. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Vol. 1, Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part A). 

EPA/540/1-89/002. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. 

Washington, D.C. December.

 U.S. EPA. 1992. Supplemental Guidance to RAGS: Calculating the Concentration Term. Office of Solid Waste 

and Emergency Response. Publication 9285.7-081. Washington, D.C. May.

 U.S. EPA. 2001. Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Development for Total Mercury Fish Tissue Residue in 

Brier Creek (Located in the Savannah River Basin). U.S. EPA Region 4. August.

 U.S. EPA. 2002. Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous Waste 

Sites. Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. Washington, D.C. December.

 U.S. EPA. 2010. ProUCL Version 4.00.05 User Guide. Office of Research and Development. EPA/600/R07/038, May.

 U.S. EPA. 2011e. Exposure Factors Handbook: 2011 Edition, EPA/600/R-09/052F. September 2011. Table 

11-3. Available on the Internet at http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/risk/recordisplay.cfm?deid=236252.

 U.S. EPA. 2011f. Draft Residual Risk Assessment for the Pulp & Paper Source Category. Office of Air 

Planning and Standards. December 2011.

 U.S. EPA. 2012. Peer Review Handbook, 3rd edition. EPA/100/B-06/002, Science Policy Council, Washington, 

DC. Available on the Internet at http://www.epa.gov/peerreview/pdfs/peer_review_handbook_2012.pdf. 

 Wang SX, Zhang L, Li GH, Wu Y, Hao JM, Pirrone N, Sprovieri F, Ancora MP. 2010, “Mercury emission and 

speciation of coal-fired power plants in China.” Atmos. Chem. Phys. 10, 1183-1192, 2010. 

 Wang, Shuxiao, Lei Zhang, Bin Zhao, Yang Meng, and Jiming Hao. 2012. “Mitigation Potential of Mercury 

Emissions from Coal-Fired Power Plants in China.” Energy Fuels 26, 4635−4642. 

dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef201990x. Publication Date (Web): February 21, 2012. 

 Watras, C.J., and K.A. Morrison. 2008. “The response of two remote, temperature lakes to changes in 

atmospheric mercury deposition, sulfate and the water cycle” Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 65: 100–116.

 Xue, J, Zartarian, VG, Liu, SV, and Geller, AM. 2012. “Methylmercury exposure from fish consumption in 

vulnerable racial/ethnic populations: Probabilistic SHEDS-Dietary model analyses using 1999–2006 

NHANES and 1990–2002 TDS data.” Sci Tot Environ 414: 373–379.