UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 

FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

GREGG R. LUEDDE,

Plaintiff, 

v.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF 

JUSTICE, et al.,

Defendants.

Civil Action No. 19-2803 (RDM)

MEMORANDUM OPINION

This Freedom of Information Act (“FOIA”) case is currently before the Court on crossmotions for summary judgment. Dkt. 33; Dkt. 34. Plaintiff Gregg Luedde, proceeding pro se,

endorses Defendants’ statement of undisputed material facts and agrees with Defendants’ 

assertions that “Defendants have satisfied their obligation to conduct an adequate search for 

records responsive to Plaintiff’s FOIA request through the search conducted by FBI” and that 

“the FBI reviewed documents and disclosed all non-exempt responsive records, and have 

sufficiently justified their withholding of exempt information . . . .” Dkt. 34 at 1 (quoting Defs.’ 

Mot. for Summ. J., Dkt. 33 at 52). Plaintiff claims, however, that there is one material fact still 

in dispute: “whether Plaintiff’s suit caused Defendants to voluntarily or unilaterally change 

[their] positions.” Id. at 1–2 (cleaned up). He contends that because “absent this suit, 

Defendants would have taken no action with regards to [his] FOIA request,” he is “entitled to 

summary judgment on the issue of causation and fees as they relate to 5 U.S.C. 

552(a)(4)(E)(ii)(II).” Id. at 2. 
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The Court understands Plaintiff to concede that summary judgment in favor of 

Defendants is appropriate in this FOIA litigation. The Court will therefore GRANT Defendants’ 

motion for summary judgment and DENY Plaintiff’s cross-motion for summary judgment. 

In addition, the Court construes Plaintiff’s cross-motion for summary judgment to be a 

request for attorneys’ fees and costs pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 552(a)(4)(E). In some circumstances,

FOIA allows a court to award reasonable attorneys’ fees and litigation costs to a prevailing 

plaintiff. 5 U.S.C. § 552(a)(4)(E). Pro se parties are not entitled to attorneys’ fees, but they may 

recover their litigation costs. Benavides v. Bureau of Prisons, 993 F.2d 257, 259–60 (D.C. Cir. 

1993). Here, Plaintiff argues that he is entitled to costs under 5 U.S.C. § 552(a)(4)(E)(ii)(II), 

because he substantially prevailed in this litigation by obtaining relief through “a voluntary or 

unilateral change in position by the agency.” 

Although Plaintiff is free to argue that he is entitled to recover his litigation costs, a 

cross-motion for summary judgment on the merits of the case is not the appropriate vehicle for 

that request. Instead, he must file a motion seeking costs, and Defendant must be given an 

opportunity to respond to that motion. See Harvey v. Lynch, 123 F. Supp. 3d 3, 9 (D.D.C. 2015). 

The Court, accordingly, will ORDER that Plaintiff shall, if he seeks to recover litigation costs, 

file a motion seeking costs within 30 days of this Order, on or before December 1, 2022. 

Defendants may file an opposition on or before January 2, 2023, and Plaintiff may reply on or 

before February 1, 2023.

CONCLUSION

For the foregoing reasons, the Court will GRANT Defendants’ motion for summary 

judgment, Dkt. 33, and DENY Plaintiff’s cross-motion for summary judgment, Dkt. 34. Plaintiff 

may file a motion seeking the award of costs consistent with this opinion.
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A separate order will issue.

SO ORDERED.

 /s/ Randolph D. Moss

 RANDOLPH D. MOSS 

 United States District Judge 

Date: November 1, 2022