If you no longer need this publication write to the Geological Surrey In Washington for an 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 

IN EASTERN TEXAS

Prepared in cooperation with the 

TEXAS STATE BOARD OF WATER ENGINEERS

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 1047

Date I___i,y_ 

PLANNING FILES
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

J. A. Krug, Secretary >

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

W. E. Wrather, Director

Water-Supply Paper 1047

PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 

IN EASTERN TEXAS

BY

R. W. SUNDSTROM, W. W. HASTINGS, AND W. L. BROADHURST

Prepared in cooperation with the 

TEXAS STATE BOARD OF WATER ENGINEERS

fli ro

UNITED STATES

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON : 1948

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C.

Price 50 cents-
CONTENTS

	Page

Abstract_______________________________.____ 1

Introduction... __ ___________________________________ 2

Extent of area and scope of report_____________________ 2

Acknowledgments_-.___________________________________________ 4

Ground water_______________________________________ 5

Area A______________________________________________________ 5

Area B_____________________________________ 8

Area C____________________________________________ 8

Area D____________________________________ 10

Area E____ _ ________________________________ 12

 Surface water.____________________________________________________ 13

Chemical character of water_______________________________________ 13

Analyses of water____________________________________ 13

Mineral constituents in solution.______________________ 14

Hardness. ______________________________________________ 17

Standards of water quality_________________________________ 17

Bibliography___________________________________ 18

Published reports...____________________________ 18

Unpublished reports_________________________________ 19

Public water supplies_______________________________ 20

Anderson County____________________________________________ 20

Elkhart-.________________________________ 20

Frankston._____________________________________ 20

Palestine _________________________________________________ 21

Angelina County_________________________________________ 22

Lufkin___________________________________ 22

Austin County.______________________________________ 24

Bellville_________________________________ 24

Sealy___________________________________ 25

Wallis.__________________________________ 26

Bastrop County_______________________________________ 27

Bastrop_________________________________________ 27

Elgin. ___________________________________ 27

Smithville.________________________________ 28

Bowie County_______________________________ 28

De Kalb__________________________________ 28

New Boston...__________________________ 29

Texarkana__.________________________________ 30

Brazoria County______________________________ _______ 31

Alvin___________-i_____________________ 31

Angleton___________________________________«_______ 32

Preeport___________________,_______________ 34

\Brazos County______________________________________ 35

Bryan_________________________________ 35

m 
IV CONTENTS

Public water supplies Continuad Page

Burieson County_______________________________' 38

Caldwell_______________________________ 38

Somerville___________________ ___________________ 39

Camp County________________________________ 40

Pittsburg_________________________________________ 40

Cass County ____________________________ 41

Atlanta. ____________________________________ 41

Avinger__ ___ ___________________________ 42

Hughes Springs... _____________________ 42

Linden ___ _ _____________ 43

Chambers County.______________________________ 44

Anahuac. _____________________________________ 44

Cove_______ ___ __________________________ 45

Mont Belvieu ___________________________ 45

Cherokee County_____________________________ 46

Alto____________________________.________ 46

Jacksonville ______________________________ _______ 46

Rusk___________________________________ 47

Wells. ___________________________________ 48

Collin County_________________________________ 48

Anna. _________________________________________ 48

Blue Ridge_________'____________________ 49

Celina___________________________________ 50

Farmersville______________________________________ 50

Frisco_________________________________ 51

McKinney. ______________________ _______ 51

Melissa________________________________ 53

Princeton____________________________________ 53

Prosper. __ _________________________________ _ 54

Wylie__________________________________ 54

Colorado County..---____________________-_.-___ 55

Columbus. ______________________________ 55

Eagle Lake._______________________________ 56

Weimar. _________________________ _____________ 57

Dallas County____________________________________ 58

Carrollton. _______,.__________________________ 58

DaUas__________________________________ 58

Garland_________________________________ 60

Grand Prairie____________________________ 62

Irving____ _____________________________________ 65

Lancaster__________________________________________ 66

Mesquite.____________________________________ 66

Richardson. _____________________________________ 68

Seagoville. _ ______________________________ 68

Delta County____________ ______________ _____ _ 69

Cooper___ ___________________________________ 69

Pecan Gap_____________________________ 70

Ellis County__________________________________ 70

Ennis_________________________________ 70

Ferris___________________________________,__ 72

Forreston.____________'__________________ 72
CONTENTS

Publid water supplies Continued

Ellis County Continued 

Italy____________________________________ 73

Midlothian._____________________:_________ 73

Milford__ ______________________________________ 74

Palmer________________________,_ ___ _________ . 74

Red Oak_________________________________ 75

Waxahachie______________ _______ ___ ______________ 75

Falls County___________________________ - __ . __ 76

Chilton_______________-___________________ 76

Lott_______________________________.___ 77

Marlin.________________________________ 77

Rose)bud________________________________ 78

Fannin County_____________________________ 79

Bonham___ _______________________________________ 79

Dodd City________________________________ 80

Ector_________________ _________________ 80

Honey Grove_____________________________________ 81

Ladonia. _____________________________________ 82

Leonard ________________________!__________ 82

Savoy_L__________________________________ 83

Trenton___________________________________ 84

Windom__________________________________ 85

Fayette County-_____________________________. 86

Fayettevffle______________________________ 86

Flatonia__________________________________ 86

La Grange______________________________________ 87

Schulenburg___________________________________________ 89

Fort Bend County__ ___ ________________________ 90

Richmond. _______________________________________ 90

Rosenberg.________ ___________________________________ 90

Sugarland_ ______________________________ __ ________ 92

Franklin County______________________________ 92

Mount Vernon_________________________________ 92

Freestone County_________________________________ 93

Fairfield,__________________________________ 93

Streetman_______l_________________________ ___________ 94

Teague____ _______________________________________ 95

Wortham____________'_____________________ 95

Galveston County_______________________________________ 96

Dickinson__________________________________________ 96

Galveston. _________________________________________ 97

Kemah___________________________________ 103

Lamarque.______________________________________ _______ 104

League City________________________________________ 104

Texas City____________________________ __ 105

Texas City Heights______________ ________ _ ___ _ 108

Grayson County________________________________________ 109

Bells___________________________________________________ 109

Collinsville.________________________________________ 109

Denison_ __________________________ _____ _ 110

Gunter_____________________________ 110

Howe______________________________________________ 111
VI CONTENTS

Public water supplies Continued

Grayson County Continued

Sherman______ _ _ _ ________ __ _ 111

Tom Bean__________________________________ 114

Van Alstyne___________________________________ 114

Whitesboro________________________________ 114

Whitewright_______________________________ 116

Gregg County _ _________________ _______ ____ 116

Gladewater________________________________ 116

Kilgore _________________________________ 118

Longview_____________,_______________ 119

 Grimes County_____________________________ 120

Anderson___________________________________ 120

Bedias___________________________________ 121

lola____________________________________ 121

Navasota________________________________ 122

Shiro____________________________________ 123

Hardin County_________________________________ 124

Honey Island-.__________________________ 124

Kountze__________________________________ 124

Silsbee.____________________________________ 125

Sour Lake_________________________________ 126

Harris County.-_______________________________ 126

Baytown_________________________________ 126

Bellaire-________________________._________ 127

Brookhaven__________________________________ 128

Channel-view__ _____________________________ 128

Clinton Park_________. _____________________ 129

Coady-Oakland Estates________________________ 129

Crosby_________.._________________________ ___._________ 129

Foster Place...______________._______________ 130

Galena Park_______ i_______________________ 131

Garden Oaks_______________________________ 131

Garden ViUas______________________________ 132

Genoa___________________________________ 133

Goose Creek______________________________ 134

Greens Bayou____________ _____________ 134

Highland Farms and Willow Grove Addition.. _ _____ ____ 135

Highlands._______________________________ 135

Houston_________________________________: 136

Humble____________________________________ 141

Kashmere Gardens..._________...._...____________ 142

La Porte__________________________________ 142

Lindale Park_______________________________ 142

Meadowbrook Addition__________________________ 143

Oakwood and Airline ________________________ 143

Pasadena.._____________________________ 144

Pelly_____________________________________________________ 145

South Houston______________________________ 146

Southside Place__________________________'_ 146

Tomball__________________________________ 147

West Oaks________________________________ 148

West University Place... _______ ____ 148
CONTENTS /

Public water supplies Continued

Harrison County,-_____________________ 150

Hallsville_______________________________ 150

Karnack__________________________________ 150

Marshall______________1_______________ 151

Waskom______________________________ 154

Henderson County _,_______________ 154

Athens..______________________ ________ 154

Eustace-________________._________________,_ 155

Malakoff-________________________________ 156

Trinidad..-_______________________________ 156

HU1 County ^_________________________________ 157

Abbott,_________________________________ 157

Aquilla_______________________________ 157

'Brandon,_______________________________ 158

Bynum ____________________ ______ 158

Hillsboro_______________________________ 159

Hubbard_____,______________________________.________.____ 162

Irene. ____________________________ _ 163

Itasca._________________________ ________ _ 163

Malone__________________________________ 164

Mertens________________________________ 165

Mount Calm_______________________________ 165

WMtney_________________________________. 166

Hopkins County___________________.______________ 167

Como__________________________________ 167

Cumby.________________________________ 167

Sulphur Springs _ ___ _ _ _ 168

Houston County_____________________________ 169

Croekett_________________________________ 169

Grapeland______________________ ___ 170

Lovelady_________________________ _ _ 171

Hunt County _________________________________ 172

Boles Orphan Home..______________* __________ 172

Caddo Mills______________________________ 172

Celeste__________________________________ 172

Commerce__________________________.__ __ 173

Greenville._____________________________-_ 174

Quinlan___________________________________ 175

Wolf City........-....-..-...__..............___..-..... 175

Jackson County____________________ _______-_ 176

Edna__l_________________________________ 176

Ganado_________________________________ 177

Jasper County.___, __ ____________ 177

Bessmay.._______________________________ 177

Jasper________._______..._____________ ______._ 178

KirbyviUe____________________________ ____ 179

Jefferson County._______________________________ 179

Beaumont. _________________________________ 179

Nederland______________________________ __ 180

Port Arthur________________________________ 181

Port Neches.____________________________... 181

Voth____________________________________ 182
VIII CONTENTS

Public water supplies Continued

Kaufman County___________________________________________ 182

CrandaU__________________________________ 182

Forney_________.._______________________ 183

Kaufman__________________________________ 184

Kemp._______ ____________ ______ ____ 184

Mabank__________________________________ 185

Terrell________.__________________________ 185

Lamar County--___-_--__--___------_--____----_-_--------____- 186

Blossom________________________________ 186

Deport________________________*.,.______ 186

Paris___________________________.._.___ 187

Roxton_______________________________. 187

Lavaca County_____________________________________________ 188

Halletsville__.____-_...._______.___.__.__..._ 188

Moulton______________________________ 189

Shiner________________________________ 189

Yoakum___1______________________________ 190

Lee County_________________________________________________ 191

Dime Box_____________________________. 191

Giddings_________________________________ 192

Lexington______________________________________________ 194

Leon County_______________________________________________ 194

Buffalo_______________________________________ 194

CenterviUe______________________1________ 195

Jewett.-_________________________________ 195

Normangee_______________________________________________ 196

Oakwood._______________________________ 197

Liberty County ________________.______________ 197

Cleveland...______________________________ 197

Daisetta__________________________________ 198

Dayton_______________________.___________ 199'

Liberty __________________________.______ 200

Limestone County----__--____------______--__-__-__-__----____ 201

Coolidge____________________________ 201

Grsesbeck_______________________________ 201

Kosse___________________________________ 202

Mexia_____,_____________________*_________ 202

Prairie HiU________________________________ 204

Tehuacana_____________________________ 204

Thornton___________________________________ 204

Madison County________________________-_______-_____________ 205

Madisonville__________________________________________ 205

Midway____________________________ 205

Marion County..____----_____________^__________--______-__ 206

Jefferson. ______________________________ 206

Matagorda County.___________________________________________ 207

Bay City _________________________________ 207

Blessing______________________________ 208

Palacios____________________1________ 209
CONTENTS IX

Public water supplies Continued

McLennan County_____ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _____________________ 210

Bruceville _________________________________ 210

China Spring ______________________________ 211

Crawford _ ___________ ____ ______ _ _ ______ _ _____ 211

Eddy__-___--_____-__________________________-___ _ , 212

Hewitt ___________________________________ 212

Leroy___ _ _ ____ _ _ _______________ ___ _ ___ _______ 213

Lorena___ _ _ _ __ ________ ___ ____ __ ___ __ _______ 214

Mart ___________________________________ 214

McGregor_____ _ _ _ _________________ _ _ ___________ _ _ 214

Moody ___________________________________ 216

Ross_-__-_________________________x____________________.__ 216

Speegleville __________ _ ___________________ 217

Waco ___________________________________ 217

West______ __ _ __ _ ___ _____________ ________ ____ _ 218

Milam County _________________________________ 219

Cameron. _________________________________ 219

Rockdale_._ __ __ ___________ __ _ __ _ _____ ________ 219

Thorndale ___ _______________ ___ _________ _ ______---_ 220

Montgomery County _____ _____________________ __ 220

Conroe.__ ______ _____________________ _____ _________ 220

Fostoria _________________________________ 222

Montgomery __ 1_ ____ _ _ _____ _ _ 222

Willis _____________ _ __ _ _________________ 223

Morris County ________ _____________________ * _ 223

Daingerfield__ _____________________________ 223

Naples.. _______ _______ _ __ _ _ __ _ __ _-__--___- _ 224

Omaha ___________________ ____________ ___ 225

Nacogdoches County ____ __ _____________ __ _ 225

Appteby __ _ _____ __________ _ ____ __ _ _________ 225

Cushing_-___-________________________--__--__-___ - 226

Garrison _______________________________ _ _ 227

Nacogdoches ___ ___ _ ________ __ ______ ______ ___ 227

Navarro County ______ __ _____________ __ '_ 229

Barry___-_____________________________________-__.___ _ 229

Blooming Grove _____________________ _ _ ___ 230

Corsicana_ ___________________ _ _____ _ __ _ _______________ 231

Dawson _________________________________ 231

Emhouse. ______________ ______________ _ __ 232

Frost __ ____ __ _ _ ___________ _________________ 233

Kerens- _ ______________ _ __ _ _ ________ ___ _____ 233

Newton County ________________________________ 234

Call_____ ____ ___ __ ____ _ _________ __ _ __ __ _____ 234

DeweyviUe ________________________________ 234

Newton. _________________________________ 235 .

Wiergate _________________________________ 235

Orange County __ ____________________________ 236

Orange ________________________ _ ____ ^ ____ 236

Orangefield__ ______________________________ 237

Orangefield (east of Cow Bayou) _________ _________ 238
X CONTENTS

Public water supplies Continued Page

Panola County________________________________ 238

Carthage________________________________ 238

Polk County__________________________________ 239

Camden__________________________________ 239

Corrigan________________________________ 239

Goodrich_________________________________ 240

Livingston_____________________ ___________ 240

New Willard_______________________________ 241

Red River County______________________________ 242

Annona_____________________________________________ 242

Avery___________________________________ 242

Bogata__________________________________ 243

Clarksville________________________________ 243

Roberston County_____________________________________ 244

Bremond________________________________ 244

Calvert__________________________________ 245

Franklin__________________________________ 246

Hearne__________________________________ 246

Rockwall County_____________________ __________ 247

Rockwall_________________________________ 247

Rusk County.________________________________ 249

Henderson_______________________________ 249

Overton__________________1_______________ 250

Tatum__________________________________ 251

Sabine County _________________________________ 252

Hemphill______________________________________ 252

Pineland__________________________________ 252

San Augustine County.--__________________________ 253

San Augustine.____________________________ 253

San Jacinto County_________________________________________ 254

Coldspring____________________________^___ 254

Oakhurst________________________________ 255

Shelby County________________________________ 255

Center!._____ ,________________________ 255

Tenaha_________________________________ 256

Timpson__________________________________ 257

Smith County___________________________ _ ___ 258

Arp_________________________________»___ 2.58

Lindale________________________________ 259

Troup___________________________________ 259

Tyler____________________________________ 260

Titus County.________________________________ 263

Mount Pleasant___________________________ 263

Talco_______________^________________ 264

Trinity County________________________________ 264

Groveton_______________________________________ 264

Trinity__________________________________ 266

Tyler County _________________________________ 267

Doucette.,______________________________ 267

Woodvffle-.______________________________ 267
CONTENTS XI

Public water supplies Continued , XJpshur County_.._-________________-___________-_-_---_--..--__ 268

Big Sandy _______________________ i ________ 208

Gilmer __________________________________ 260

Van Zandt County_____ ____ _____ _ _______ __, ___ _ 271

Canton ________________ _____ ___________ 271

Edgewood__ ______________ __ ___________ __ _ 271

Grand Saline _______________________________ 272

WiUs Point__________.__. _________________________________ 272

Walker County _________________ ______________ 273

Huntsville _______________ _______________ 273

Waller County. ______________________________ ___ 274

Hempstead. ___ _________ ________ _____ __ 274

Washington County_-________________-___-__-_-_-_---_-_-_---_ 275

Brenham. ___ __ _ ______________ _ ____ ____ _ 275

Wharton County. __ . _____ ____ . ___ ___ ____ ___ 277

El Campo __________________________ ...... .__ 277

Wharton-.., ____________________________ . __ 278

Wood County _______________ ___ _______ _____ 279

Alba _______ . _______________________ . __ 279

Hawkins____ ________________________ i... ___ 279

Mineola _________ . _______ _ ___ _ __________ 280

Quitman____. _____________ _' ___________ _ _ __ 281

Winnsboro ____________________________ - ___ 281

Index __________________________________ ______ 283

ILLUSTRATION

FIGURE 1. Index map showing location and type of public water supplies 

and ground-water subdivisions in eastern Texas _______ 
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

By R. W. SUNDSTROM, W. W. HASTINGS, and W. L. BROADHURST

ABSTRACT

This report gives a summarized description of the public water supplies in 77 

counties of eastern Texas, extending from the Louisiana boundary to a northsouth line approximately along the ninety-seventh meridian. It gives the available data as follows for each of 323 communities: The population of the community; the name of the official from whom the information was obtained; the ownership of the waterworks, whether private or municipal; the source of supply, 

whether ground or surface water; the amount of water consumed; the facilities for 

storage; the number of customers served; the character of the chemical and sanitary treatment of the water, if any; and the chemical analyses of the water. 

Where ground water is used the following is also given: Records of wells, including 

drillers' logs; character of the pumping equipment; yield of the wells and water 

level records where they are available.

The communities served by these public supplies had a population of 1,683,527 

or about 26 percent of the population of the State in 1940.

Of the 323 public supplies, 273 are obtained from ground water, 46 from surface 

water, and 4 from a combination of both. The total amount of water used for 

public supply in the region averages about 157,000,000 gallons a day. Of this 

amount about 92,000,000 gallons is obtained from ground water and about 

65,000,000 gallons from surface water.

The entire region lies within the Gulf Coastal Plain. The rocks that cover it 

are composed chiefly of alternating layers of sand, gravel, sandstone, limestone, 

clay, and shale, ranging in geologic age from Lower Cretaceous to Quaternary. 

Among the more important aquifers are the following: the basal sands of the 

Trinity group (called Travis Peak formation in central Texas and basal sands of 

the Trinity group in northeast Texas and referred to in this report as the Trinity 

sand), the Paluxy sand also of the Trinity group; the Woodbine sands of Upper 

Cretaceous age; sands of the Wilcox group, the Carrizo sand, the Queen City sand 

member of the Mount Selman formation, the Sparta sand, sands of the Yegua 

formation, the Catahoula and Oakville sandstones, sands of the Lagarto clay, and 

the Goliad and Willis sands of Tertiary age; and the Lissie formation, sands of the 

Beaumont clay, terrace deposits and Recent alluvial sands of Quaternary age.

For the-purpose of discussing watei^supply conditions and the relation of the 

geology to the ground water, the region has been divided into areas A, B, C, D, 

and E. (See fig. 1.) In area A all the ground water used for public supply is obtained from the Trinity, Paluxy, and Woodbine sands. The Trinity sands are the 

deepest, and wells drawing from these sands range from a depth of about 1,000 

feet along the west edge of the area to more than 3,000 feet along the east edge. 

The Paluxy sand usually lies 400 to 800 feet above the Trinity, and the Woodbine 

 sands several hundred feet above the Paluxy. In area B, with the exception of a
2 PUBLIC WATEB SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

few localities, little or no ground water suitable for public supply is available. Of 

the 50 public supplies in the region using surface water, 38 are in this area. In 

area C, the sands of the Wilcox group are the most important source of ground 

water, except in the southeastern part where the Carrizo sand is the principal 

source of supply. In area D the Sparta sand, sands of the Yegua formation, the 

Catahoula and Oakville sandstones, and sands of the Lagarto clay are the sources 

of ground-water supply. In area E, which is adjacent to the Gulf Coast, the principal sources of ground water are the Goliad and Willis sands, and the sands of the 

Lissie formation and of the Beaumont clay. The total pumpage from these sands 

for public supply and for industrial use in the area reached an average of about 

150,000,000 gallons a day in 1943.

Most of the public supplies obtained from surface water in eastern Texas are 

filtered and frequently are given further treatment, which alters the chemical 

character of the water. Only a few of the ground-water supplies receive any 

treatment. The iron is usually less than 0.2 parts per million. The calcium and 

magnesium content is generally somewhat higher in the southern part of the region 

than it is in the northern part. Calcium and magnesium are not the major basic 

constituents, however, and the quantity of the magnesium is usually much smaller 

than the calcium. Sodium and potassium are the principal basic constituents 

in most of the water. Bicarbonate is the principal acid constituent in most of the 

ground water, particularly the water obtained from the deeper water-bearing 

sands. Sulfate is less than 250 parts per million in most of the public supplies. 

The chloride content of the water varies widely, but in most cases is comparatively 

low. " In a few supplies sodium chloride occurs in such concentration as to be 

unsuitable for some industrial purposes. Nitrate is generally low in east Texas 

water. Fluoride is less than one part per million in most of the water, both surface 

and ground water. Total dissolved solids are less than 1,000 parts per million 

in more than 90 percent of the water. Approximately 75 percent of the people 

in east Texas use water with a hardness of less than 60 parts per million. The 

hardness averages 88 parts per million in surface supplies, and 80 parts per million 

in ground-water supplies.

INTRODUCTION

EXTENT OF AREA AND SCOPE OF REPORT

This report gives a summarized description of public water supplies 

in eastern Texas from the Louisiana border westward to an irregular 

line that follows the west boundary of the following counties, listed 

from north to south: Grayson, Collin, Dallas, Ellis, Hill, McLennan, 

Falls, Milam, Lee, Bastrop, Fayette, Lavaca, and Jackson. The line 

is approximately along the ninety-seventh meridian. (See fig. 1.)

The need for certain basic data in the study of quantitative and 

qualitative problems of public water supply has long been apparent. 

This has been brought into sharper fo.cus in Texas in recent years 

by the great increase in the demands for water for the public and 

industrial supply. The phenomenal growth of many Texas cities 

has resulted in the need from time to time for expanding or rebuilding 

the waterworks systems. At the start, most of the municipalities 

used ground water and most of them still use it. Some of them still, 

use the original source of supply, some have developed additional
INTRODUCTION

OKLAHOMA

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EXPLANATION

 Supply from ground water 

O Supply from surface water 

9 Supply from ground and surface water

THIS

REPORT

10 0 

i . i i

30 Mile

FIGTJEE 1. Index map showing location and type of public water supplies and ground-wate* sundivisions in eastern Texas.
4 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

sources of ground water, and others have replaced inadequate supplies 

of ground water with surface water.

This report gives in condensed form the available data for each 

municipality as follows: Population of the community; name of the 

official from whom the information was obtained; ownership of the 

waterworks, whether private or municipal; source of supply, whether 

ground water or surface water; amount of water consumed; facilities 

for storage; number of customers served; character of the chemical 

and sanitary treatment of the water; and chemical analyses of the 

water. Where ground water is used the following is given: Records 

of wells, including drillers' logs; character of pumping equipment; 

yield of the wells and water-level records where they are available. 

Unfortunately many of the municipalities have kept very poor records 

and sometimes no records at all, and the information given for such 

municipalities necessarily is incomplete. The lack of data regarding 

the amount of water pumped and the resulting changes in the water 

level or artesian pressure in the wells since they were drilled is particularly unfortunate. Such information is of vital importance, and 

the lack of it is often the cause of serious trouble, particularly in 

areas where the draft on the underground supplies approaches the 

limits of safety.

The public water supplies described are distributed over 77 counties 

having an area of 62,769 square miles, which is nearly 24* percent of 

the total area of the State. The places supplied have a total population of 1,683,527, or a little more than 26 percent of the total population of the State, according to the 1940 census. The total amount 

of water pumped by these communities averages about 157,000,000 

gallons a day. Of this amount about 92,000,000 gallons is obtained 

from ground water and about 65,000,000 gallons from surface water. 

Ground water is used at 273 localities, surface water at 46, and a 

combination of ground and surface water at 4.

This publication has been prepared during the course of a cooperative ground-water study in Texas (by the Geological Survey, United 

States Department of the Interior, and the Texas State Board of Water 

Engineers.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The data presented in this report were collected by engineers and 

geologists of the Federal Geological Survey and the Texas Board of 

Water Engineers who are engaged in ground-water studies in Texas. 

The field work was done by W. O. George, N. A. Rose, W. F. Guy ton, 

W. H. Alexander, Jr., J. W. Lang, B. A. Barnes, G. H. Cromack, 

C. R. Follett, and the writers. The report was written and assembled 

by R. W. Sundstrom and W. L. Broadhurst under the direction of
GROUND WATER 5

W. N. White, principal engineer in charge; Most of the analyses of 

water were made in the laboratory of the Geological Survey at Austin 

under the direction of W. W. Hastings, who also wrote the section in 

this report on analyses of water. Assistance given by city officials 

and well drillers, who furnished most of the information, is gratefully 

acknowledged. Among the well drillers, the writers are especially 

grateful to the Layne-Texas Co. which furnished a large number of 

the logs published in this report, data on pumping tests, and waterlevel measurements.

GROUND WATER

It is not within the scope of this reportrto discuss the more complex 

details of the occurrence of ground water in each locality; and the 

review that follows is brief and general. In many parts of the area, 

however, detailed studies of the geology and ground-water resources 

have been made and reports have been issued. The reader is referred 

to the bibliography on pages 18-19 for a list of such reports.

The entire region lies within the Gulf Coastal Plain. The rocks 

that cover it are composed chiefly of alternating layers of sand, gravel, 

sandstone, limestone, clay, and shale, ranging in geologic age from 

Lower Cretaceous to Quaternary. Among the more important aquifiers are the following: The basal sands of the Trinity group of Lower 

Cretaceous age (called Travis Peak formation in central Texas and the 

basal sand of the Trinity group in northeast Texas and referred to 

in this report as the Trinity sand), the Paluxy sand also of the Trinity 

group; the Woodbine sand of Upper Cretaceous age; sands of the 

Wilcox group, the Carrizo sand, the Queen City sand member of the 

Mount Selman formation, the Sparta sand, sands of the Yegua 

formation, the Catahoula and Oakville sandstones, sands of tfre 

Lagarto clay and the Goliad and Willis sands of Tertiary age; and the 

Lissie formation, sands of the Beaumont clay, terrace deposits and 

Recent alluvial sands of Quaternary age. Each of these units has an 

outcrop area from which it dips beneath younger formations to increasingly greater depths. In most of the region the dip is toward the east 

or southeast. In a relatively small area on the west flank of the 

Sabine uplift in Harrison, Marion, Gregg, and Rusk Counties the xlip is 

toward the west or northwest.

For convenience in summarizing the sources of the ground water, the 

region has been divided into five areas, as shown in figure 1.

Area A, In area A, all the ground water used for public supply is 

obtained from the Trinity, Paluxy, and Woodbine sands. Throughout 

this area the Trinity sands lie at considerable depth beneath the surface. Along the west edge of the area wells in the Trinity are about

754993 48 2
6 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

1,000 feet deep at Crawford, in McLennan County; 1,400 feet at 

Aquilla, 1,280 to 1,575 feet at Whitney, 1,784 feet at Hillsboro, and 

1,835 feet at Itasca, in Hill County; 2,508 feet at Midlothian, in Ellis 

County; and 1,500 feet at Whitesboro, in Grayson County. Farther 

east they are much deeper; for example, 3,633 feet at Garland, in 

Dallas County; 2,950 feet at Waxahachie, in Ellis County; and about 

3,300 feet at Hubbard, in Hill County. As the sands become deeper 

and the distance to the outcrop increases, the mineral content of the 

water usually increases, although exceptions to this general rule are 

frequent. The well at Hubbard, in Hill County, reported to have 

reached the Trinity sands at a depth of about 3,300 feet, flowed 

salty water. However, at Garland the well to the Trinity sands, 

3,633 feet deep, yields satisfactory water for the public supply.

Water in the sands is under artesian pressure throughout the area, 

and in many localities the wells flowed when drilled. In localities 

where withdrawals have been large the artesian pressure has declined 

considerably. The maximum decline in the area centers around 

Dallas, where in 1926 one of the city wells is reported to have had a 

flow of 700 gallons a minute. The static water level in a nearby well 

is now more than 80 feet below the surface.

The Paluxy sand, which usually lies 400 to 800 feet above the 

Trinity, has not been used extensively as a source of public water 

supply but is heavily drawn upon for industrial supply at Dallas. In 

most of the area the Paluxy sand does not furnish large quantities of 

water to wells, and the pumpage from it is not large. In several cities 

water from the formation has been used in conjunction with water 

from the Trinity and Woodbine sands.

The Woodbine sand is encountered several hundred feet above the 

Paluxy sand and because of its shallower depth is used extensively 

for public water supply in the area from Hill County north, especially 

for the medium and smaller towns; and also in the eastern part, of the 

area where the Trinity sand is very deep and probably contains salty 

water. In localities where wells to the Woodbine sand have been 

pumped heavily there has been a large decline in the water levels.

The following table lists the municipalities in area A that obtain 

their public supplies from ground water and gives the probable waterbearing formation or group of formations from which the water is 

drawn.

Municipality Probable water-bearing formation 

Abbott*_____________ Trinity sand. 

Anna_________________ Woodbine sand.

Aquilla____________ Trinity sand. 

Barry____________ Woodbine 

Bells_______________ Do. 

Blooming Grove_______ Do.
GROUND WATER

Municipality Continued Probable water-bearing formation

BluePddge___________ Woodbine sand.

Bonham_________________ Do.

Brandon...______________ Do.

Bynum_____________________ Do.

Carrollton________________ Do.

Celina_________________ Paluxy and Woodbine sands.

Chilton_______________ Trinity sand.

China Spring_____________ Do.

Collinsville___________ Paluxy sand.

Crandall___-_______________ Woodbine sand.

Crawford__________ Trinity sand.

Dallas____________________ Do.

Dodd City ___________ Woodbine sand.

Ector_____________________ Do.

Eddy__________________ Trinity sand.

Emhouse__________________ Woodbine sand.

Ennis_________________ Do.

Ferris______________ Do.

Forney________________ Do.

Forreston________________ Do.

Frisco_____________ Paluxy sand.

Frost_._______________ ,Woodbine sand.

Garland__________ ___ Trinity and Woodbine sands.

Grand Prairie________ _ Woodbine sand. 

i Gunter_____._______________ Do.

Hewitt___________ __ Trinity sand.

Hillsboro _____ ______ _ Trinity, Paluxy, and Woodbine sands.

Honey Grove. _ ________ Woodbine sand.

Howe____________________ Do.

Irene. _____,__.«___________ Do.

Irving__.__________________ Do.

Italy________-___---_ Do. '

Itasca__________________ Trinity and Woodbine sands.

Ladonia___________________ Woodbine sand.

Lancaster__________________ Do.

Leonard_____________ Do.

Leroy______________________ Trinity sand.

Lorena____________________ Do.

Lott_______________ Do.

McGregor_ ________________ Do.

McKinney_ __ _______ Trinity and Woodbine sands.

Malone.___________________ Trinity sand.

Melissa____________________ Woodbine sand.

Mertens__-____-_-__-_-___-_ Do.

Mesquite___-_-____--_--____ Do.

Midlothian____________ Trinity and Woodbine sands.

Milford____________________ Trinity sand.

Mqody_____________________ Do.

Palmer_____________________ Woodbine sand.

Princeton___________________ Do.

Prosper____________________ Do.

"RedOak___________ Do.
8 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Municipality Continued Probable water-bearing formation 

Richardson_________________ Woodbine sand.

RockwalL__________________ Paluxy and Woodbine sands.

Ross_______-_---_-_-_______ Trinity sand.

Savoy____------_____-______ Woodbine sand.

Seagoville_-__--__---_______ Do.

Sherman___________________ Trinity and Woodbine sands.

Speegleville-______-______--_ Trinity sand.

Tom Bean__________________ Woodbine sand.

Trenton____________ ________ Do.

Van Alstyne________________ Do.

Waxahachie_______________ Trinity and Woodbine sands.

West-__-________--_---_____ Trinity sand.

Whitesboro_-__--_--__-__-__ Do. 

Whitewright________________ Woodbine sand.

Whitney__________________ Trinity sand.

Windom__________________ Woodbine sand.

Wylie_______.--_____ Do.

Area B. This area consists of a belt bordering area A on the east 

and southeast where in general little or no ground water suitable for 

public supply is available. Exceptions to this rule occur as follows: 

In the northernmost part of the area in Hunt, Lamar, Red River, and 

Bowie Counties five towns Bogata, Talco, Commerce, Cumby, and 

Quinlan obtain their public supplies from the Nacatoch sand, and 

one town Clarksville obtains its supply from the Blossom sand. 

Both of these sands are of Upper Cretaceous age. Mexia, in Limestone County, in the southern part of the area, obtains its public 

water supply from fractured limestone of the Midway group of 

Paleocene age in a faulted zone northwest of the city. Four widely 

scattered localities, Tehuacana, Roxton, New Boston, and Texarkana, 

are supplied with water from shallow wells in alluvial deposits. All 

other public supplies in the area are obtained from surface water.

Area C. This is a funnel shaped a/ea that borders area B on the 

southeast and widens toward the northeast to include the East Texas 

syncline. Considering this area as a whole the sands of the Wilcox 

group are the most important sources of ground water. They constitute the only available source of ground-water supply in the outcrop 

area of the group, comprising a belt 10 to 25 miles wide along the 

west and north boundaries of area C and all of Shelby and Panola 

Counties and parts of Marion, Harrison, Gregg, Rusk, and Nacogdoches Counties on the opposite side of the syncline in the southeastern 

part of the area. In the area occupied by the syncline the public 

supplies are obtained from sands of the Wilcox group, the Carrizo 

sand, and in a few municipalities from the Queen City sand member 

of the Mount Selman formation. The sands of the Wilcox group, 

however, are the most prolific. For example, at Palestine in Anderson 

County, which is situated nearly at the trough of the syncline, two
GROUND WATER 9

city wells more than 1,600 feet deep draw from sands of the Wilcox 

group and yield more than 1,000 gallons a minute each. At Tyler, 

farther northeast and also in the trough of the syncline, the three 

city wells, 1,042 to 1,086 feet deep, draw 350 to 650 gallons a minute 

each from sands of the Wilcox group. In the southeastern part of 

the area, in Nacogdoches and northern Angelina Counties, the water in 

the Wilcox is rather highly mineralized and the Carrizo sand is the 

principal source of supply.

The following table lists the municipalities in area C that obtain 

their public supplies from ground water and gives the probable waterbearing formation or group of formations from which the water is 

drawn.

M unicipality: Probable water-bearing formation 

Alba_______________________ Wilcox group.

Alto_______________________ Carrizo sand.

Appleby_____________ Do.

Arp--------------------_--_ Wilcox group.

Athens_____________________ Do.

Atlanta_____.______________ Do.

Avinger__---__-<--_---______ Wilcox group or Carrizo sand.

Bastrop____________________ Eecent alluvium (river deposits).

Big Sandy___________.______ Carrizo sand.

Bremond__-_----___-_______ Wilcox group.

Buffalo____-________ Do.

Calvert___________________ Do.

Carthage_----_~____________ Do.

Centerville_______________ Queen City sand member of the Mount

Selman formation. 

Como____-------------_____ Wilcox group.

Cushing_______-____________ Carrizo sand.

Daingerfield________________ Wilcox group and Carrizo sand.

Elgin______________________ Wilcox group.

ElJdiart__------------_---_- Carrizo sand.

Eustace_____-_-____________ Wilcox group.

Fairfield_____________ Do. 

Franklin_________________ Carrizo sand.

Frankston__________________ Queen City sand member of the Mount

Selman formation. 

Garrison__________________ Wilcox group.

Gilmer_____________________ Do.

Gladewater_______________ Wilcox group and Carrizo sand.

Grapeland-_________________ Carrizo sand.

Hallsville__________ Do.

Hawkins.__________________ Queen City sand member of the Mount

Selman formation. 

Hearne___________________ Wilcox group.

Henderson________________ Do.

Hughes Springs _____________ Wilcox group and Carrizo sand.

Jefferson________.__________ Wilcox group.

Jewett--___________________ Carrizo sand.
10 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Municipality Conuinued Probable water-bearing formation 

Karnack _________________ Wilcox group.

Kilgore___________________ Do.

Kosse_------_______________ Do. (

Lexington__________________ Carrizo sand.

Lindale___________________ Wilcox group.

Linden_____________________ Do.

Lufkin_____________________ Carrizo sand.

Malakoff___________________ Wilcox group.

Marshall___________________ Do.

Mineola.___________________ Wilcox group and Carrizo sand.

Mount Vernon______________ Wilcox group.

Nacogdoches______________ Carrizo sand.

Naples_____________________ Wilcox group.

Normangee__--_-_-_-_______ Carrizo sand.

Oakwood___________________ Queen City sand member of the Mount

Selman formation. 

Omaha_____________________ Wilcox group.

Palestine. ________________ Do.

Pittsburg.__________________ Wilcox group and Carrizo sand.

Quitman___________________ Wilcox group.

Rockdale___________________ Do.

San Augustine____-__------- Do.

Smithville._________________ Carrizo sand?.

Tatum_________________ Wjlcox group.

Tenaha________________ Do.

Thornton_________________ Recent alluvium.

Timpson___________________ Wilcox group.

Trinidad_______________ Do.

Troup___---__--__-_-_____ Do.

Tyler________________ Do. 

Waskom________________ Do.

Winnsboro________________ Carrizo sand. i

Area D. This area constitutes a strip south and southeast of area C 

in which the Sparta sand, sands of the Yegua formation, the C&tahoula 

and Oakville sandstones, and sands of the Lagarto clay are the sources 

of ground water for public supply. These sands appear at the surface 

in bands of outcrop having a southwest-northeast direction, dip in 

general toward the Gulf, and are encountered in the order named 

above in traveling over the area toward the Gulf, The Sparta sand 

and sands of the Yegua formation furnish most of the public supplies 

in the northern one-third of the area. In the central and southern 

portions the Catahoula and Oakville sandstones and sands in the 

Lagarto clay are the sources of supply.

The following table lists the municipalities in area D that obtain 

their public supplies from ground water and gives the probable waterbearing formation or group of formations from which the water is 

drawn.
GROUND WATER ' ' 11

Municipality: Probable water-bearing formation

Anderson______________ Catahoula sandstone.

Bedias_____________________ Yegua formation.

Bellville_______________ Oakville sandstone or sands of the Lagarto

clay,

Brenham___________________ Oakville sandstone.

Bryan_____________________ Sparta sand.

Caldwell__ _______________ Carrizo and Sparta sands.

Camden_______________ Catahoula sandstone.

Cleveland.________________ Sands of the Lagarto clay.

Columbus._«_____________ Recent alluvium.

Conroe___________________ Oakville sandstone and sands of the Lagarto

clay.

Corrigan.__________________ Jackson formation.

Crockett-__________________ Sparta sand.

Doucette.______________ Sands of the Lagarto clay or Oakville sandstone.

Fayetteville_______________ Oakville sandstone.

Flatonia_________________ Yegua formation.

Fostoria ________________ Oakville sandstone.

Goodrich_________________ Sands of the Lagarto clay.

Groveton__ _________________ Jackson formation.

Halletsville-______________ Oakville sandstone or sands of Lagarto clay.

Hemphill_________________ Sparta sand.

Hempstead__ ___ ___ _ Sands of the Lagarto clay or Oakville sandstone.

Huntsville____________'______ Catahoula sandstone.

Iola_ ____________________ Yegua formation.

Kirbyville______________ Sands of the Lagarto clay or Oakville sandsstone.

LaGrange______________ Catahoula sandstone.

Livingston___________ Sands of the Lagarto clay.

Lovelady___________________ Yegua formation.

Madisonville_______________ Do.

Midway__________________ Do.

Montgomery______________ Sands of the Lagarto clay or Oakville sandstone.

Moulton_________________ Catahoula sandstone.

Navasota_______________ Do.

Newton._________________ Sands of the Lagarto clay.

New Willard._____________ Sands of the Lagarto clay or Oakville sandstone.

Oakhurst- __________________ Do.

Pineland____.______________ Yegua formation.

Schulenburg_.______________ Oakville sandstone.

Shiner_____________________ Do.

 Shiro____________________ Catahoula sandstone.

Somerville________________ Yegua formation.

Trinity__________________ Jackson formation.

Weimar__________________ Oakville sandstone.

PLANNING 

KYDROLCGX
12 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Municipality Continued Probable water-bearing formation

Wiergate.__________________ Sands of the Lagarfco clay or Oakville sandstone. 

Willis______________________ Do.

Woodville--________________ Do.

Yoakum. ______________._ Sands of the Lagarto clay.

Area E. In area E, which is adjacent to the Gulf coast, the principal 

sources of ground water are the Goliad and Willis sands and sands of 

the Lissie formation and the Beaumont clay. These sands, in common with most of the rocks of the region, dip in the general direction 

of the Gulf. The underground reservoirs in the sands furnish very 

large quantities of water for public supply and industrial use, particularly in the Houston-Pasadena, Baytown, and Texas City-Alta 

Loma district in Harris and Galveston Counties, where the total 

pumpage for these purposes reached an average of about 150,000,- 

000 gallons a day in 1943. With the exception of Beaumont, Port 

Arthur, Port Neches, and Sabine Pass, all the municipalities obtain 

their supplies from one or more of the above-named sands. The 

largest supply is that of Houston, which obtains all its water from wells 

and is the largest city in the United States that is served entirely with 

ground water. Some of the city wells at Houston obtain good water 

from depths of more than 2,000 feet. The equivalent of an average 

of about 90,000,000 gallons a day is pumped from wells for rice irrigation in Harris, Waller, Fort Bend, Wharton, and Matagorda Counties.

The following table lists the municipalities in area E that obtain 

their public supplies from ground water. Because of the difficulty 

of distinguishing between the different sands in many of the wells the 

name of the probable formation or group of formations from which 

the water is drawn is omitted.

Alvin El Campo Orange

Anahuac Freeport Orangefield

Angleton Galveston Palacios

Bay City Ganado Pasadena

Baytown Goose Creek Richmond

Bellaire Highlands Rosenberg

Bessmay Honey Island Sealy

Blessing Houston Silsbee

Call Humble Sour Lake

Cove Kemah Sugarland

Crosby Kountze Texas City

Daisetta Lamarque Texas City Heights

Dayton LaPorte Tomball

Deweyville League City Volt

Dickinson Liberty Wallis

Eagle Lake Mont Belvieu Wharton

Edna Nederland f
CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF WATER 13 

SURFACE WATER

In the region covered by this "report 50 municipalities use surface 

water. Of these, 38 are in area B, where, with the exception of a few 

localities, little or no ground water suitable for public supply is available. The requirements of most of these places are comparatively 

small. The consumption by Texarkana, which averages nearly 

3,000,000 gallons of surface water a day, is by far the largest. Of the 

12 municipalities using surface water outside of area B, four are in 

area A, five in area C, and three in area E.

In area A the public supplies of Dallas, the second largest city in the 

State, and Waco, tenth in size (1940 census), are derived mostly from 

surface sources. In 1943 Dallas used an average of about 32,000,000 

gallons of surface water a day, most of it from a reservoir on the Elm 

Fork of the Trinity River, together with an average of about 3,500,000 

gallons a day of ground water. In 1942 Waco used an average of 

about 5,500,000 gallons a day from a reservoir on the Bosque River. 

In 1942 Denison used on an average about 2,500,000 gallons a day from 

Randell Lake on Shawnee Creek, which empties into Red River below 

Denison Dam. These three cities use more than 60 percent of all 

the surface water consumed for public supply in the region.

In area C about two-thirds of the water used by Tyler and the entire 

supply of Rusk, Jacksonville, Longview, and Center is obtained from 

reservoirs on creeks, the total consumption averaging about 5,000,000 

gallons a day.

In area E, Beaumont, Port Arthur, and Port, Neches in Jefferson 

County obtain their public supplies from the Neches River. In 1943 

about 12,000,000 gallons, on an average, was used daily by these 

three places or about 18 percent of all the surface water used in the 

region.

CHEMICAL CHARACTER OP WATER

ANALYSES OF WATER

Most of the analyses in this report were made in the water-resources 

laboratory of the Geological Survey, United States Department of 

the Interior, Austin, Tex. Of the 419 analyses listed, 400 were made 

by chemists of the Geological Survey, from samples collected in 

gallon Pyrex bottles by the Geological Survey and Texas Board of 

Water Engineers. Twelve analyses were made by the Texas State 

Department of Health, five by L. C. Billings, city of Dallas, and two 

by Southwestern Laboratories. The analyses show the quantities of 

dissolved minerals, which determine the fitness of the water for industrial or agricultural use or for those domestic uses that are affected 

by the dissolved constituents, without any reference to the sanitary 

aspects of the sample. ,
14 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

The analyses are as representative of the chemical character of 

the Water throughout the year as could be expected from one sampling. 

In supplies that are obtained from wells, the analysis of a single 

sample is probably adequate, as the chemical quality in individual 

wells seldom shows any material variation. Many of the supplies 

were obtained from several wells or groups of wells which furnish 

waters that differ considerably in chemical composition. For such 

supplies, analyses are generally given for each of the several sources. 

For many treated waters and supplies from streams, a single sample 

is not representative, as a river water may show at different times a 

variation of as much as 100 percent in hardness and dissolved solids.

Only a small number of the ground-water supplies receive any 

treatment. Most of the public supplies obtained from surface waters 

are filtered and frequently are given further treatment which alters 

the chemical character of the water. For all supplies that are 

treated a brief description of the process is given, with the operations 

and chemicals listed in the order in which they are used.

The analyses were made by methods in general use.1 The complete 

analysis for each public supply includes results for silica (SiO2), iron 

(Fe), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na) or sodium and 

potassium as sodium, potassium (K), bicarbonate (HCO3), sulfate 

'(SO4), chloride (Cl), fluoride (F), nitrate (NO3), total hardness 

reported as CaCO3 , dissolved solids, and hydrogen ion concentration 

(pH). The analyses are reported in parts per million of the different 

constituents, and for those radicles entering into ionic balance the 

equivalents per million are also given. Each of the constituents is 

discussed in the following text.

MINERAL CONSTITUENTS IN SOLUTION

Silica (SiO2) is found in all natural waters and is usually present in 

quantities less than 30 parts per million in the waters used for the 

municipal supplies in eastern Texas. More alkaline waters generally 

contain larger amounts of silica than less alkaline waters. In general, 

well waters are higher in silica than surface waters. Silica does not 

affect the usefulness of the water except as it contributes to the 

formation of boiler scale. , '

Iron (Fe) is dissolved from practically all rocks and frequently 

also from iron pipes, particularly from hot water lines and boilers, in 

sufficiently large quantities to be objectionable. Water that contains 

much iron is objectionable because of its "reddish" appearance after, 

exposure to the air and because of stains on white porcelain or enami Collins, W. D., Notes on practical water analysis: IT. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply paper 596-H, 

pp. 235-266, 1928; Am. Public Health Assoc., Standard methods of the examination of water and sewage, 

71jh ed., 1932.
CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF WATER 15

eled ware and fixtures and on clothes or other fabrics washed in it. 

Many ground-water supplies in eastern Texas contain objectionable 

quantities of iron in the raw water; however, iron is easily removed 

from solution by aeration and will settle out in the process of purification. Water furnished to the municipalities in eastern Texas 

usually contains less than 0.2 part per million of iron.

Appreciable quantities of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) 

are found in waters in contact with limestone, dolomite, calcareous 

sand, or gypsum. The salts of calcium and magnesium make water 

hard (see Hardness, p. 17). Calcium and magnesium together 

with silica and iron form practically all the scale found in steam 

boilers or other vessels in which water is heated or evaporated. In 

general, the calcium and magnesium content of the waters in the 

southern part of the eastern Texas area is somewhat higher than in the 

northern part. Calcium and magnesium are not the major basic 

constituents in these waters, and the quantity of magnesium is usually 

much smaller than calcium.

Sodium (Na) and potassium (K) are found in all natural waters. 

The quantities of potassium are generally comparatively small in 

most waters. Moderate quantities of sodium and potassium have 

no effect on the suitability of the water either for domestic or for 

most industrial uses. The analyses show that the sodium and potassium together are the main basic constituents in most waters reported 

here.

Bicarbonate (HCO3) occurs in water largely through the action 

of carbon dioxide, which enables the water to dissolve carbonates of 

calcium and magnesium from rocks. Aside from its effect on the 

palatibility of the water when present in excessive amounts, bicarbonate is of little significance in public water supplies. Bicarbonate 

is the principal acid radicle in most of the waters analyzed, particularly 

those supplies obtained from the deeper water-bearing sands. Surfacewater supplies are generally low in bicarbonate.

Sulfate (SOO may be dissolved in large quantities from gypsum 

or from alkali deposits of sodium sulfate. It is formed by the oxidation 

of sulfides of iron and is therefore present in considerable quantities in 

water from mines and beds of shale. Sulfate in waters that contain 

much calcium and magnesium causes the formation of hard scale in 

steam boilers and may increase the cost of softening the water. 

Although the analyses show that sulfate is the main acid radicle in 

many waters, sulfate in most water supplies in eastern Texas is less 

than 250 parts per million.

The chloride (Cl) content of the water analyzed varies widely, 

although in general it is less than 250 parts per million. Appreciable 

quantities of chloride in equilibrium with calcium, and magnesium
16 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

may increase the corrosiveness of the water. Chloride in large 

amounts causes a salty taste, otherwise it has little significance in 

the domestic use of the water. In a few water supplies sodium 

chloride is the main constituent and occurs in such concentrations 

as to be unsatisfactory for some industrial purposes.

Nitrate (NO3) in a water may indicate contamination by sewage 

. or other organic material, as it is considered to be the final oxidation 

product of nitrogenous organic material. The quantities present in 

water in eastern Texas is generally low and has no effect on the value 

of the water for ordinary uses.

The relation of the occurrence of fluoride (F) in water to the mottled 

enamel of teeth has been recognized for some time.2 Mottled enamel 

has been found associated with water having a fluoride content of 

about 1.0 part per million or more.3 Additional studies 4 have indicated that dental caries (decay) has been decreased by the use of 

drinking water containing measurable amounts of fluoride though 

not as much as 1.0 part per million. Most of the waters of eastern 

Texas, both surface and underground, contained less than 1.0 part per 

million of fluoride.

The total solids consist mainly of the dissolved minerals in solution. 

Although a little organic matter and water of crystallization are sometimes included, the figure for total dissolved solids for the analyses in 

this report may be taken as representative of the total dissolved 

mineral constituents in the water. More than 1,000 parts per million 

of dissolved solids ante likely to produce a noticeable taste or in other 

respects make the water less desirable for a public supply. The 

analyses show that less than 10 perfeent of the samples analyzed 

exceeded 1,000 parts per million. Many municipal supplies in Dallas, 

EUis, Falls, Fannin, Hill, Kaufman, McLennan, and Navarre Counties 

are somewhat more concentrated than the waters generally used 

throughout eastern Texas. The underground waters in these counties, though, were quite soft with the exception of those in Falls 

County. In most supplies the dissolved minerals were mainly sodium 

bicarbonate and sodium sulfate.

The corrosiveness of the water as delivered to the distribution 

system is of importance, and in this connection the hydrogen ion 

concentration (pH) or degree of. acidity or alkalinity is of interest. 

Dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, free acid, and acid-generating 

salts are the main constituents in water that cause corrosion. The 

alkalinity of the water is a factor in decreasing corrosion. A public

* Smith, H. V., and Smith, M. O., Mottled enamel in Arizona and its correlation wtth concentration of 

flaorides in water supplies: Univ. Arizona. College Agr. Bull. 43, p. 284,1932. 

» Dean, H. T., Chronic endemic dental fluorisis: Am. Med. Assoc. Jour., vol. 107- pp. 1269-1272,1936.

* Dean, H. T., Jac, P., Arnold, P. A., Jr., and Elvove, E., Domestic water and dental caries: Public 

Health Rpts, vol. 66, pp. 365-381, 761-792,1941.
CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF WATER 17

water supply should be noncorrosive to the extent that the water 

will not attack and destroy metal surface and result in "red water." 

Corrosion may be inhibited by proper treatment control or protective 

coating on the metal surfaces. The pH of some ground and surface 

waters in eastern Texas is low, but treatment is generally practiced 

to prevent corrosion.

HABDNESS

Hardness of a water supply probably receives the most attention 

with reference to domestic or industrial use. Hardness is caused 

almost entirely by calcium and magnesium and is reported as the 

amount of calcium carbonate equivalent to the calcium and magnesium. Hard water is generally recognized by the increased quantity 

of soap required to produce a lather and by the deposits of insoluble 

salts formed when it is heated or evaporated. The hardness caused 

by the calcium and magnesium equivalent to the bicarbonate in a 

water is called "carbonate hardness" and the remainder "noncarbonate 

hardness," or equivalent to the old terms "temporary hardness" and 

"permanent hardness." The character of the scale formed in steam 

boilers end the method of treatment are dependent on the type of 

hardness found in the supply. Carbonate hardness represents much 

of the mineral content of the water analyzed.

Approximately 75 percent of the population in eastern Texas receive 

water with a hardness of less than 60 parts per million. Such water 

is entirely satisfactory for all domestic uses, though with a hardness 

near 60 softening may be profitable for steam-boiler plants or other 

industrial uses.

More than 18 percent of the inhabitants use water having a hardness between 60 and 180 parts per million. Such waters are considered moderately hard to hard in the upper range. Though softening 

by municipalities is generally not practiced, treatment of any supply 

in this group is profitable for many industrial uses.

The average hardness of all the supplies from wells is not. much 

different from surface water supplies. However, the hardness of 

river water may be expected to vary materially throughout the year 

so that the surface-water analyses reported may not represent the 

average composition of the stream water. The average hardness 

of all surface water supplies is 88 parts per million and for ground 

water the average hardness is 80 parts.

STANDARDS OF WATER QUALITY

The effect of various constituents in water used for public supplies 

and for industrial purposes with reference to well waters in Texas 

is discussed by Cohen 5 in an early bulletin by the Texas State Depart-

 Cohen, C. A., Chemical analyses of Texas well waters: Texas State Dept. Health Bull., 1931.
18 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

ment of Health. The standards most widely used now for quality 

of domestic water supplies are the United States Public Health 

Service drinking-water standards for drinking and culinary water 

supply by common carriers in interstate commerce.6 Almost 90 

percent of the cities in eastern Texas have water supplies that comply 

with the Public Health Service standards. Allowable limits of mineral constituents for many industrial uses have been reported by

Moore.7

BIBLIOGRAPHY

PUBLISHED REPORTS

Geography and geology of the Black and Grand Prairies, Tex., with detailed

description of the Cretaceous formations and special reference to artesian

waters: U. S. Geol. Survey 21st Ann. Kept., pt. 7, 666 pp., 1900, by R. T. Hill. 

Ground water in the vicinity of Bryan and College Station, Tex.: Texas State

Board of Water Engineers, 1938, by S. F. Turner.

Underground waters of the Coastal Plain of Texas: U. S. Geol. Survey WaterSupply Paper 190, 73 pp., 1907, by T. U. Taylor. 

Water resources of Harrison County, Tex.: Texas State Board of Water Engineers,

1943, by W. L. Broadhurst and S. D. Breeding. 

Progress reports on the ground-water resources of the Houston district, Texas:

Texas State Board of Water Engineers, 1940-42, by W. N. White, N. A. Rose,

and W. F. Guyton. 

Ground-water resources of the Houston district, Texas: U. S. Geol. Survey

Water-Supply Paper 889-C, pp. 141-289, 1944, by W. N. White, N. A. Rose,

and W. F. Guyton.

Exploratory water-well drilling in the Houston district, Texas: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 889-D, pp. 291-315, 1944, by N. A. Rose, W* N.

White, and Penn Livingston. 

Ground-water resources of the Houston-Galveston area, Texas: Texas 'State

Board of Water Engineers, 1932, by W. N. White, P. P. Livingston, and

S. F. Turner. 

Geology and ground-water resources of the Lufkin area, Texas: U. S. Geol.

Survey Water-Supply, Paper 849-A, 58 pp., 1941, by W. N, White, A. N.

Sayre, and J. F. Heuser. 

Results of pumping tests of the Carrizo sand in the Lufkitt areas, Texas: Am.

Geophys. Union Trans., 1942, by W. F. Guyton. 

Water resources of Marion County, Tex.: Texas State Board of Water Engineers,

1943, by W. L. Broadhurst and S. D. Breeding. 

Geology and underground waters of northeastern Texas: U. S. Gepl. Survey

Water-Supply Paper 276, 78 pp., 1911, by C. H. Gordon. 

Geology and underground waters of the southeastern part of the Texas Coastal

Plain: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 335, 365 pp. 1914, by A. Deussen.

In addition to the above-listed reports, mimeographed publications 

containing records of wells and springs, drillers' logs, partial chemical 

analyses of water from wells and springs, and a map showing the

«Public Health Service drinking-water standards: Public Health Repts., vol. 158, pp. 69-S2,1943. 

' Moore, E. W., Progress report of the Committee on Quality Tolerances of Water for Industrial Uses: 

New England Water Works Assoe., vol. 54, p. 268,1940.
BIBLIOGBAPHY , 19

location of wells have been published by the Texas State Board of 

Water Engineers for the following counties in the area:

Austin Gregg Montg6mery

Brazoria Grimes Morris

Burleson Hardin Nacogdoches

Camp Harris Orange

Cass Harrison Panola

Chambers Henderson Rusk

Cherokee Hopkins Sabine-San Augustine

Colorado Jackson Shelby

Dallas Jasper-Newton Smith

Fayette ~ Jefferson Titus

Fort Bend Lavaca Upshur .

Franklin Lee Waller

Freestone Leon Wharton

Galveston Marion Wood

UNPUBLISHED REPORTS

The following manuscript reports giving results of ground-water 

investigations are available for reference in the offices of the Geological 

Survey and Texas Board of Water Engineers at Austin:

Ground-water supply of Baytown, 1941.

Ground water available for the town of Brazoria, .1941.

Ground water in the Brenham-Gay Hill-Navasota area, 1942.

Ground-water supply of Bryan, 1944.

Development of ground water for public supply at Commerce, 1944.

Ground water in the vicinities of Daingerfield and Hughes Springs, 1941.

Water supply in the vicinity of Denton, 1944.

Ground water available for city of Freeport, 1941.

Ground-water supply of Galveston and vicinity, 1941; Results of test drilling

near Alta Loma, 1941.

Water resources in Gladewater-Big Sandy area, 1942. 

Ground-water resources of Grand Prarie and vicinity, 1943. 

Water supply at Granger, 1944.

Ground-water resources in the vicinity of Jasper, 1941. 

Water supply of Lamarque, 1942.

Ground water in the vicinities of Longview and Woodall, 1942. 

Progress report on test drilling and pumping in the Sparta sand in the Lufkin

area, 1943.

Ground water in the vicinity of Marlin, 1944.

Ground-water supply at the Peninsula Flying Field near Matagorda, 1943. 

Ground water in the vicinity of McGregor, 1942. 

Ground-water resources in the vicinity of Normangee, 1939. 

Ground-water resources in the vicinity of Palestine, 1942. 

Ground water near Port O'Connor, 1941.

Ground water in the Sand Flat area in Rusk and Nacogdoches Counties, 1942. 

Ground-water supply of Somerville, 1939. 

Ground-water supply of Texarkana, 1941. 

Ground-water supply in the vicinity of Texas City, 1941. 

Pump settings in wells at Blackland Flying Field near Waco, 1943. 

Ground-water supply in West Point-Flatonia area, 1942.
20 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN" EASTERN" TEXAS

PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES

ANDEBSON COUNTY 

EUKHAKT

Population in 1940: 751.

Source of information: Eugene Bratz, water superintendent, June 14, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well at elevated tank; drilled in 1935 by Layne-Texas Co.; 

depth, 640 feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; 58 feet of screen near bottom; deep-well 

turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 20,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected June 14,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiOt). .................

Sodium (Na)

Parts 

per 

million

13

2.4

53

16

13

7.0

146

Equivalents per 

million

2.65

1.32

.56

.18

2.39

Sulfate (SO4). ................

Chloride (Cl).. ............

Fluoride (F)______________.__

Nitrate (NO|)._. .............

pH............... ............

Parts 

per 

million

81

21

.1

.8

298

198

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

1.69

.59

.01

.01

Driller's log, well 1

Thickness 

(feet)

60

20

80

18

101

23

28

Depth 

(feet)

60

80

160

178

279

302

330

Hard shale.. __ . ... .

Thickness 

(feet)

40

58

40

4

98

70

Depth 

(feet)

370

428

468

472

570

640

FRANKSTON

Population in 1940: 1,216.

Source of information: J. P. Hardee, water superintendent, June 14, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 150 feet east of elevated tank in northeast part of town; 

dug in 1928; depth, 20 feet; diameter, 12 feet; brick wall; centrifugal pump and 

1-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 8 feet below land surface in 

June 1944; yield, 75 gallons a minute with draw-down of 8 feet after pumping 12 

hours; temperature, 65%° F.

Pumpage: Average, 30,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 35,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 200.

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 21

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected June 14,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOs)'.. ................

Potassium (K)--._ _____

Bicarbonate (HCOs)----- ---

Parts 

per 

million

24

.01

5.0

1.6

3.0

2.6

13

Equivalents per 

million

0.250

.132

.130

.067

.213

Sulfate (SO4) _ ...- ... 

Cnloride (Ol)........... ......

Fluoride (F). _ ..............

pH.._.. ._.._--.. . -_.-

Parts 

per 

million

4

3.0

. .4

11

74

19

6.7

Equivalents per 

"million

0.083

.085

.021

.177

PAJLESTINE

Population in 1940: 12,144.

Source of information: Fred Elsker, water superintendent, June 14, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells at pump station about 2 miles west of city.

Well 1. At east end of dam; drilled in April 1940 by Layne-Texas Co.; 

depth, 2,018 feet but plugged back to 1,617 feet; diameter, 16 to 8% inches; 

screens from 1,304 to 1,395 and 1,439 to 1,596 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 100-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 320 feet; static water level, 

148 feet below land surface in May 1940; yield, 1,023 gallons a minute with 

draw-down of 125 feet; temperature, 89° F.

Well 2. At west end of dam, 1,150 feet west of well 1; drilled in June 1940 

by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,600 feet; diameter, 16 to 8 inches; screens 

from 1,273 to 1,388, 1,426 to 1,471, 1,479 to 1,502, and 1,514 to 1,584 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump and 100-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 320

feet; yield, 1,340 gallons a minute with a pumping level of 279 feet.

i

Average pumpage, in gallons a day s

April...............

June ________ .--

1941

657,000

699,000

630,000,

516,000

723,000

551. 000

1943

595,000

610,000

716,000

662, OCO

823,000

923,000

1944

750, 000

681,000

860,000

855, 000

July...... ..-.-.-

December- .........

1941

789,000

1,229,000

962, 000

818,000

533,000

706,000

1943

1,155,000

1, 128, 000

992,000

803,000

754,000

836.000

1944

Storage: Elevated tank, 350,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 3,200. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses ^ 

[Collected June 14,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowleyl

Silica (.SiO^)..... ...................................

Calcium (Ca). _ ... __ ___ . ____ . _ .-_ ...

Sodium (Na).._ _____ .... __ . _____ .....

Bicarbonate (HCOs)- _ . __ . ___ - __ . ____

Sulfate(SO4> - . ...

Chloride (Cl).. . . 

Nitrate OfSOt). .^. .................................

j>B. ................. ............. . ...

Welll

Parts per 

million

20 

.02 

3.4 

.8 

72 

1.7 

195 

3 

5.0 

.4 

0 

217 

12 

8.2

Equivalents 

per million

0.170 

.066 

3.140 

.043 

3.195 

.062 

.141 

.021 

0

Well 2

Parts per 

million

20 

.06 

3.6 

.7 

56 

1.8 

151 

5.2 

3.0 

.2 

.8 

170 

12 

8.1

Equivalents 

pepmillion

0.180 

.058 

2.414 

.046 

2.481 

.108 

.085 

.011 

.013

754993 48 S
22 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs 

Welll

Clay _______ . ..........

Sand __ . __ ....... __ ..

Shale., - __ . __ . .......

Sand... _ ... _ ... _ ....

Sand, shale, and lignite

Shale 

Sandy shale. _.. .....

Shale

Shale 

Thickness 

(feet)

13

22

2

120

25

62

16

45

6

71

14

4

32

12

23

23

48

27

10

25

19

101

Depth 

(feet)

18

35

37

157

182

244

260

305

311

382

396

400

432

444

467

490

638

565

575

600

619

720

722

Shale 

Hard shale __________

Rock . ...

Thickness 

(feet)

22

32

8

98

14

216

74

99

9

90

16

36

153

78

50

44

30

94

1

27

25

80

Depth 

(feet)

744

776

784

882

896

1,112

1,186

1,285

1,294

1,384

1,400

1,436

1,589

1,667

1,717

1,761

1,791

1,885

1,886

1,913

1,938

2,018

Well 2

Shale. __ . _ . _

Shale . _ __

Hard shale __________

Shale 

12

8

3

10

41

89

91

55

127

14

21

3

34

18

18

17

59

2

32

24

123

12

20

23

33

74

163

i&t

239

366

380

401

404

438

456

474

491

550

552

584

608

731

Hard shale

Sand

Sandy shale and shale

27

33

8

89

19

170

30

10

87

20

40

55

4

44

1

15

4

83

28

82

20

758

791

799

888

907

1,077

1,107

1,117

1,204

1,224

1,264 \

1,319

1,323

1,367

1,368

1,383

1,387

1,470

1,498

1,580

1,600

ANGELINA COUNTY

Population in 1940: 9,567.

Source of information: J. W. Lewis, city manager, Oct. 4, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 3. At Redland: about 4 miles north of Lufkin; drilled in 1939 by 

Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,168 feet; diameter, 16 to 10 inches; screens fjrom 

1,055 to 1,106 and 1,116 to 1,167 feet; deep-well turbine punap and electric 

motor; yield, 850 gallons a minute; temperature, 88° F.

Well 4. At pumping plant about 1 mile north of Liifkin; drilled in 1944 

by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 66 feet; diameter, 24 to 16 inches; screen from 

20 to 66 feet; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor; yield, 150 gallons a 

minute; temperature, 66° F.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 23

Pumpage: Average, 1,000,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Four surfape reservoirs, 200,000 gallons each; elevated tank, 400,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 2,179. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analyses

[Collected Oct. 4,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley.]

'

Silica (SiO»)...._ ......_ _._ _._ _

Calcium (Oa)..- __________________

Magnesium (Mg) __________ ________

Sodium (Na). ____________________

Potassium (K) ______________ ..........

Bicarbonate (HCOa) _ J _____________ ...

Sulfate (SOO ..... ......... ................ ...

Chloride (Cl). ._ __.. ___

Fluoride(F).. __ . __ ... _ ... __ ....... ...

Nitrate (NO8) .. 

p&.j.. _ . ....

Well 3

Parts per 

'million

17 

.02 

1.4 

.6 

126 

2.6 

235 

66 

11 

0 

0 

351 

6 

8.0

Equivalents 

per million

0.08 

.06. 

5.35 

.06 

3.86 

1.37 

.31 

0 

0

Well 4

Parts per 

million

58 

1.4 

7.9 

3.7 

26 

4.1 

55 

6.5 

32 

0 

.2 

181 

36 

6.2

Equivalents 

per million

a 394 

.304 

1.140 

.105 

.902 

.135 

.903 

.0 

.003

Driller's log 

Well 3

Red day.. . r ... .....

Shale.... .............. _ ....

Roek._ ................... ....

Shale, rock at 287 feet and 304 

feet:- -

Sticky shale, rockat325 feet 

feet}.... _ ....- .. . .

Rock--.. .4 __ . 

Rock . 

Soft green shale and shells ....

Green sticky shale, shells .....

Thickness 

(feet)

2

24

10

23

65

1

80

20

1

10

2

67

33 

23

20

55

28

19

9

14

57

12

21

26

5

2

2

11

15

Depth 

(feet)

2

26

36

50

124

125

205

225

226

236

238

305

338 

361

381

464

iSS

506

563

575

596

622

627

629

633

635

646

661

feet Soft shale, thin layers of sand.

Soft shale, thin layers of rook. .

feet ... _ ....

"Rrwlr

Soft rock

Thickness 

(feet)

51

2

11

10

1

19

< 5

11

16 

1

16 

10

42

42

5

1

8

1

12

1

53

7

35

5

3

1

, 26

10

23

95

4

\

Depth 

(feet)

712

714

' 725

735

736

755

760

771

787

788

804 

814

866

898

903

904

912

913

926

1 926

979

Qftfi

1,021

1,026

1,029

1,030

1,056

1,066

1,089

1,184

1,188

PUNNING 

HYDftOLOCX
24 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

AUSTIN COUNTY

BELiiVTLiIjE

Population in 1940: 1,347.

Source of information: Elgin Ueckert, water superintendent, February 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells (Nos. 1 and 3).

Well 1. 1 block southwest of courthouse; drilled in 1928 by J. W. Jackson; 

depth, 786 feet; diameter, 10 inches; screens from 487 to 509, 690 to 711, and 

720 to 740 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; 

static water level, 83 feet below land surface in 1941; yield, 248 gallons a 

minute with draw-down of 10 feet; temperature, 79° F.

Well 3. 1 block southwest of courthouse; drilled in 1937 by J. W. Jackson; 

depth, 754 feet; diameter, 8 inches; deep-well turbine pump and electric 

motor; static water level 83 feet below land surface; yield, 242 gallons a 

minute; temperature, 78%° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 130,000 gallons; minimum, 55,000 gallons; 

average, 90,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 55,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 425. 

Treatment: Zeolite softening.

Analyses 

[Collected Feb. 19,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Sflica(SiOj)- 

Calcium (Ca)... .. -_.._ ....

Sulfate (SOO - _ 

Chtoride(Cl)--.- r 

Flaoride(F).... , . .

Nitrate (NOs) _ 

PH. . ... ................... .... 

Welll

Parts per 

million

29 

.08 

68 

12 

92 

9.1 

367 

46 

58 

.2 

.2 

495 

219 

7.3

Equivalents 

per million

3.39 

.99 

4.02 

.23 

6.02 

.96 

1.64 

.01 

0

WellS

Parts per 

million

28 

.58 

72 

12 

«7 

9.4 

381 

45 

* 65 

.2 

.2 

517 

229 

7.3

Equivalents 

per million

3.59 

.99 

4.21 

.24 

6.25 

.94 

1.83 

.01 

0
PUBLIC WATEK SUPPLIES 

Drillers' logs

Welll

25

Sand...... 

Sand.............. .. .......

Rock.. __ , .....

Hard sand. __________

Rock.

Gumbo _ ____ . .

Rock... _ ........ ..... ..

Sand.........................

Rock.. ___ ___ ._ __ . .....

Sand........ .................

Thickness 

(feet)

27

 32

9

17

11

92

5

16

63

1

54

2

5

Depth 

(feet)

97

59

68

85

96

188

193

209

214

277

278

334

339

345

359

.

Sand.. __ .. _ ..............

Gumbo _ .. ____ _ ...

Sand... ..... .. .........

Thickness 

(feet)

5

18

66

12

28

20

6

61

15

91

7

2

21

9

40

26

Depth 

(feet)

364

382

448

460

488

508

514

575

590

681

688

690

711

720

760

786

Well3

Hard shale. _________

Hard rock and sand ._.._._...

Sand and boulders ______

AQ

11

45

77

8

5

22

62

7

4

38

7

8

10

AQ

59

104 1Q-I

189

194

216

278

285

289

327

334

342

352

Sand (hard).... ...........

Sand.. ............ .- .-

14

4

68

13

18

28

62

16

44

16

38

27

49

'355

369

373

441

454

472

500

562

578

622

640

678

705

754

SBALY

Population in 1940: 2,000.

Source of information: L. E. Kurtz, water superintendent, February 1944.

Owner: Texas Community Public Service Co.

Source of supply: Well at pumping station of the Texas Community Public 

Service Co., 5 blocks northwest of post office;.drilled in 1930 by Layne-Texas Co.; 

depth, 304 feet; diameter, 10 to 8 inches; screens from-245 to 268 and 277 to 301 

feet; deep-well turbine pump; static water level, 52 feet below land surface in 

1942; yield, 200 gallons a minute with drawn-down of 28 feet.

Average p.umpage in 194§, in gallons a day

January

March., ...._..

46,200

54,100

45,100

April 52,600

79 7Aft

71,600

July.... . 77,800

69,600

68,200

52,300

57,500

45,200

Storage: Ground resetvoir, 25,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers!: 400. 

Treatment: None.
26 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 19,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiOj) ............

Iron (Fe). _ - ________ Oaieuim (Ca)

Magnesium (Mg). ____ ..

Rodinm (Na) ..... ....

Bicarbonate (HCOs) ____ -

Parts 

per 

million

22

.02

48

2.8

17

2.9

155

Equivalents per 

million

9 IQfl

.230

.760

.074

2.541

Sulfate (SCU).- ~

Chlorine (Cl)_.____.__.___._._

Nitrate (NOi). ....... __ .

pH....... - .-.-. 

Parts 

per 

million

3.4

29

.2

1.2

203

131

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

0.071

.818

.011

.019

Driller's log, well 1

Rock _____________

Clay 

Sand _____________

Sand. _____________

Thickness 

(feet)

3

50

17

2

18

41

6

21

Depth 

(feet)

3

53

70

72

90

131

137

158

Clay.-. . 

Clay. . ... ..... ...

Clay. .. . .... . 

Thickness 

(feet)

40

21

24

22

10

24

5

Depth 

(feet)

219

243

265

275

299

304

WAIJJS

Population in 1940: 900.

Source of information: Frank Pazderny, owner, February 1944.

Owner: Frank Pazderny.

Source of supply: Well \% blocks south of post office; drilled in 1911 by Chas. 

Novosad; depth, 140 feet; diameter, 3 inches; 8 feet of screen at bottom; deep-well 

cylinder pump; static water level, 60 feet below land surface on Feb. 19, 1944.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 1,200 gallons a day.'

Storage: Elevated tank, 4,500 gallons.

Number of customers: 15.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Feb. 19,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) 

Calcium (Ca).... ..............

Potassium (K). .............

Parts 

per 

million

28

.02

66

10

43

6.6

297

Equivalents per 

million

a. 29

.82

1.89

.17

4.87

;

Sulfate (SOi) . ...... ....

Chloride (Cl),... 

Fluoride (F) _________

Nitrate (NO3) 

pH_____... ...............

Parts 

per 

million

12

88

.2

1.0

365

206

8.4

Equivalents per

0.26

1.02

.01

.02
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 27

BASTOOP COUNTY

BASTBOP

Population in 1940: 1,976.

Source of information: Bryan Sanders, water superintendent, February 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells on Buttonwood Street near the Colorado River.

Well 1. Drilled in 1923 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 58 feet; diameter, 

24 inches; screen at 28-42 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 50-horsepower 

electric motor; static water level, 16.75 feet below land surface; yield, 500 

gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1927 or 1928 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 52 feet; 

diameter, 16 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 10-horsepower electric 

motor; yield, 150 gallons a minute.

Well 3, Drilled in 1943 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 47 feet; diameter, 24 

inches; static water level, 22 feet below land surface; yield, 500 gallons a 

minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 200,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Reservoir on top of hiU at the CCC Camp, 214,000 gallons; standpipe, 

120,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 500. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis, well % 

[Collected June 25,1942. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Silica (SiO2) . ... ... ... ... ..

Parts 

per 

million

14

.02

75

16 } 

271

Equivalents per 

million

3.74

1.32

.47

4 44

Sulfate (804). ..__ .. . ....

Chloride (Cl) _____ ... ...

Fluoride (F) ...... ............

Nitrate (NOs). 

pH...........................

Parts 

per 

million

38

34

.2

.8

359

203

7.3

Equivalents per 

million

0.79

.96

.01

.01

ELGIN

Population in 1940: 2,008.

Source, of information: Otto Francke, water superintendent, February 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well (No. 3) 4% miles east of Elgin,; drilled in 1935 by 

Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 68 feet; diameter, 24 inches <gravel packed); deep-well 

turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 1.0 foot below 

land surface; yield, 450 gallons a minute with draw-down of 18 feet.

P, umpage (estimated): Average, 250,000 gallons a day, of which 70,000 gallons 

is used by railroad.

Storage: Ground reservoir at pumping station, 88,000 gallons; standpipe, 

50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 573.

Treatment: None.
28 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis, well 3 

[Collected Feb. 10,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Kowley]

Silica (SiO2)-_...__..._._._...

Calcium (Ca).---~-.. __ ..

Sodium (Na). ................

Potassium (K)__. ....... __ .

Parts 

per 

million

30

2.3

27

9,1

50

5.8

26

Equivalents per 

million

1.348

.748

2.172

.148

.426

Sulfate (SO4)_ ...... ..........

Chloride (Cl)... .. .. ...

Fluoride (F)...... ............

Nitrate (NO»). ...............

PH............. _. _.__ __ 

Parts 

per 

million

30

118

.4

1.0

331

105

7.4

Equivalents per 

million

0.625

3.328

.021

.016

SMJLTMVULJLE

Population in 1940: 3,100.

Source of information: B. F. Wesson, water superintendent, February 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells 3 blocks west of Main Street near the Colorado 

River.

Well 1. Drilled in 1910; depth, 650 feet; diameter, 8 inches; deep-well 

turbine pump and 20-horsepower electric motor; static water level reported, 

20 feet below measuring point; yield, 400 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1910; depth, 651 feet; diameter, 8 inches; deep-well 

turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; yield, 400 gallons a minute. 

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 150,000 gallons; minimum, 80,000 gallons; 

average, 100,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 150,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 800.

Treatment: Aeration over baffle aerator and coke bed.

Analyses 

[Collected Feb. 10,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO2) . ..- ... .. - .. ...

Iron(Fe)--__ _________ _____ _______

Calcium (Ca)_ _ . __ . _______ .. ...........

Magnesium (Mg).. _ __ ......

Sodium (Na)-~. _________ .. __ ....... ....

Potassium (K) .. .. ___ .. __ 

Bicarbonate (BLCOs). __ ____ * ____ __ ...

Sulfate (SO4)- . . .... -. ...............

Chloride (Cl)... ......... _ .... .

Fluoride (F)..... _________ .. _ .. __ ...

Nitrate(NOj). ..................................

Total hardness as CaCOs ____________ ..

pEL-.....________._____._.___...__..__.___..____.__

Welll

Parts per 

million

14 

.14 

45 

18 

139 

7.8 

274 

156 

78 

.3 

0 

596 

186 

8.3

Equivalents 

per million

2.25 

1.48 

6.03 

.20 

4.49 

3.25 

2.20 

.02 

0

Well 2

Parts per 

million

13 

.06 

11 

5.5 

266 

8.8 

683 

1.2 

52 

2.0 

0 

708 

50 

8.4

Equivalents

per^aiioa

0.55 

.45 

11.58 

.23 

11.20 

.02 

1.47 

.11 

0

BOWIE COTJNTY

JXB KAI/B

Population in 1940: 1,287.

Source of information: R. P. Napp, water superintendent, July'10, 1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Four wells, 2 blocks northwest of post office.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES' 29

Well 1. Drilled in 1927 by Air Made Well Co.; depth, 165 feet; diameter, 

8 to 6 inches; air lift; static water level, 45 feet below top of well casing in 

July 1941; reported yield, 125 gallons a minute ia 1927 and about 50 gallons 

a minute in 1941.

WeU 2. Drilled in 1940 by Air Made Well Co.; depth, 177 feet; diameter, 

8 to 6 inches; air lift; yield, 22 gallons a minute in August 1940.

Well 3. Drilled in 1940 by Air Made Well Co.,; depth , 177 feet; diameter, 

8 to 6 inches; air lift; static water level, 34 feet below land surface in July 

1941; yield, 18 gallons a minute in August 1940..

WeU 4. Drilled in 1940 by Air Made Well Co.; depth 177 feet; diameter, 

8 to 6 inches; air lift; yield, 20 gallons a minute in August 1940. 

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 94,000 gallons; average, 70,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 325. 

Treatment: Occasionalchlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected July 10,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Calcium (Ca) ____________

Bicarbonate (HCOs). _____ . __

Sulfate (SO4)- - ... 

Chloride (Cl). .......... __ ... _ .

Nitrate (NOs)... ___ . ____ . _

Total dissolved solids- _______

PH.. ...............................

Welll

Parts per 

million

12

4.5

} »

12 

4 

20 

40 

166 

48

Equivalents per 

million

0.60 

.37

.52

.20 

.08 

.56 

.65

Well 3

Parts per 

million

34 

6.6

10

16 

5 

20 

110 

306 

112

Equivalents per 

million

1.70

.54

.45

.26 

.10

/ .56 

1.77

WeU 4

Parts per 

million

27 

9.6

17

21 

32 

26 

70 

253 

107 

9n

Equivalents per

million

1.35 

.79

.73

.34 

.67 

.73 

1.13

NEW BOSTON

Population in 1940: 1,111.

Source of information: W. C. Case, water superintendent, Nov. 2, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three springs 3 miles south of New Boston.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 96,000 gallons; average, 70,000 gallons a day.

Stooge: Elevated tank, 60,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 369. t

Treatment: Chlorinated lime.

Analysis, composite sample 

[Collected Nov. 2,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowleyl

Silica (SiOt).... ..............

Iron (Fe). .. -..:....-...

Calcium (Ca)__- __.....

Parts 

per 

million

20

.35

6.4

1.5

4.2

1.7

13

Equivalents per 

million

0.319

.123

ISi

.043

.213

Sulfate (SO4). .

Chloride (Cl).................

Fluoride (F). _ .............

Nitrate (NO3)-~ . ... 

pH........ ................

Parts 

million

4

a o

.2

7.5

69

22

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

O.OS3

.226

.on

.121
30 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

TEXARKANA

Population in 1940: 28,840.

Source of information: J: R. Wood, manager, Texarkana Water Corp., Sept. 22, 

1943.

Owner: Texarkana Water Corp. 

Source of supply: Three well fields and one impounding reservoir.

Arkansas station well field. Near East Ninth Street and Jefferson Avenue; 

24 wells ranging in depth from 40 to 50 feet; diameter, 6 inches; vacuum 

pumps; reported combined yield, about 700,000 gallons a day; temperature, 

68° F.

Texas station well field. About 1 mile west of Texarkana; 10 wells ranging 

in depth from 40 to 50 feet; diameter, 5 inches; vacuum pumps; reported 

combined yield, about 300,000 gallons a day.

Bringle station well field. 6 miles northwest of Texarkana; 10 wells about 

37 feet deep; diameter, 8 inches; vacuum pumps; temperature, 67° F.

Impounding reservoir. At Bringle station well field; built in 1928; drainage 

area, 5.23 square miles, area under water, 252 acres; average depth of water, 

10.8 feet; capacity, 912,520,000 gallons.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

February ........

March ______

April. ........

1940

1,300,000

1,440,000

1,420,000

1, 420, 000

1,480,000

1 ERA nnn

1641

1 440 000

1'460!000

1,440,000

1,470,000

1,630,000

1,720,000

1943

2,330,000

2,350,000

2,340,000

2,390.000

2,560,000

2,830,000

July . 

October _____

1940

1, 720, 000

1, 660, 000

1,630,000

1,630,000

1, 500, 000

1,470,000

1941 1943

3,020,000

3,310,000

Storage: None.

Treatments: Arkansas station, aeration and chlorination; Texas station, 

chlorination; Bringle station, coagulation with lime and alum, sedimentation, 

activated carbon, rapid sand filter, and chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected Sept. 22,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowleyl

«t

Silica (SiOj) .. _. _-...

Iron (Fe). -.-__. __ .. ____ . _ . __ . ____ .

Calcium (Ca). _____ , _____________

Magnesium (Mg) __________________

Sodium (Na).. _________ . _________

Potassium (K) _________________ . .....

Sulfate (SOO .

Chloride (Cl).. _ .-_.. __ . __ ... _ ............

Fluoride (F). ____________________

Nitrate (NO3).......... _____ .. _____ __._,

Total dissolved solids ________________

pH _______ ....

Arkansas station well 

field

Parts per 

million

34 

.02 

8.6 

4.1 

16 

3.5 

24 

2 

32 

.2 

14 

144 

38 

5.4

Equivalents 

per million

0.444 

.337 

.704 

.090 

.393 

.042 

.S03 

.011 

.226

Texas station weD field

Parts per 

million

26 

.01 

2.4 

1.2 

7.4 

2.5 

10 

3 

8.0 

0 

9.4 

71

" r -6.fi

Equivalents 

per million

1.120 

.099 

.321 

.064 

.164 

.062 

.226 

0 

.152
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 

Analyses Continued

31

Silica (SIO^) ._ . 

Iron(Fe) , ..- ___ . ___

Calcium (Ca)...... _ . ___ ..... ___ .........

Magnesium (Mg) __________________

Sodium (Na) ______________________

Potassium (K). _____________________

Bicarbonate (HOOs) _________________

Sulfate (SOO __ .... .. __ .....

Chloride(Cl).... _. _ ___ .

Fluoride (F). . ____________________

Nitrate (NOs) . .. ...-....... .........

Total dissolved solids. . _______________

pH... 

Brlngle station well field

Parts per 

million

36 

.11 

16 

4.4 

19 

2.8 

55 

2 

37 

.2 

2.5 

149 

58 

6.6

Equivalents 

per million

0.799 

.362 

.806 

.072 

.902 

.042 

1.044 

.040 

2.039

Bringle Lake (raw water)

Parts per 

million

5.1 

.03 

9.3 a?

6.5 

4.2 

84 

3 

14 

.2 

.5 

68 

34 

6.6

Equivalents 

per million

0.464 

.222 

.240 

.107 

.557 

.062 

.395 

.011 

.00$

BBAZOBIA COUNTY 

AX.VIN

Population in 1940: .3,087.

Source of information: H. W. Wood, water superintendent, January 1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells (Nos. 1 and 2). x

Well 1. Drilled in 1909; depth, 750 feet; diameter, 8 (?) inches; deep-well 

turbine pump and electric motor; static water level, 42.5 feet below measuring point in 1933 and 67.5 feet in November 1939; water-level measurments 

made by H. W. Wood.

Well 2. Drilled in 1936 by Layne^Texas Co.; depth, 715 feet; diameter,

. 13^ to 6% inches; screen from 604 to 715 feet; deep-well turbine pump and

electric motor; static water level, 52.5 feet below measuring point on Jan. 20,

1937; yield, 420 gallons a minute with draw-down of 100 feet on Dec. 22,

1936, and 330 gallons a minute with draw-down of 90 feet on Jan. 20, 1937.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

April . . ____

1939

85,900

95,200

84,500

115,000

101,900

103,700

1940

114, 500

114, 200

117,000

123,500

191 Sftft

1941

121,200

110,800

116,900

139,200

July .. 

1939

118,800

115, 100

135,000

119,000

111,400

94,200

1940

123,200

130,900

134,000

127,500

120,300

120,300

1941

Storage: Concrete reservoir, 1,260 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 540. 

Treatment: None.

PLANNING FILE?
32 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analyses 

[Collected Jan. 20,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Silica (SiOj) _. .

Iron(Fe) _._ _ ._.

Calcium (Ca)

Sodium (Na) _____ ___ __

Potassium (K)... _ ____ . ____ ........ .....

Bicarbonate (HCOi)

Sulfate(SO4) . ............ ..... ............

Chloride(Cl)- . _ 

Fluoride (F)

Nitrate (NO3) .......... .........................

Total dissolved solids.... __ ____ ___ _.

pH _ .

Welll

Parts per 

million

19 

.03 

17 

5.4

} 263

342 

1 

250 

1.0 

0 

730 

65 

8.4

Equivalents 

per million

0.85 

.44

11.44

5.61 

.02 

7.05 

.05 

0

Well 2

Parts per* 

million

18 

.04 

16 

5.0

259

342 

1 

240 

1.0 

0 

709 

60 

8.1

Equivalents 

pear million

0.80 

.41

11.24

5.61 

.02 

6.77 

.05 

0

Driller's log, well

Soil... ........ .............

Clay.. ........... ............

Sand and muck

Clay..... ....................

Sand __ . _ -. ..............

Clay....... ...............

Sand

Clay......... .............

Sand

Clay........... ..............

Sand....... ...............

Thickness 

(fe/rt)

4

16

AQ

6

14

Afi

25

7

23

28

17

Depth 

(feet)

4

20

69

75

89

135

160

167

190

218

235

Clay 

Clay.. 

Clay 

Thickness 

(feet)

38

30

23

64

16

13

23

149

125

7

Depth 

(feet)

273

303

326

390

406

419

441

590

715

722

ANGUBTON

Population in 1940: 1,763.

Source of information: E. L. Coole, city secretary, and Luther Patterson, well 

driller, at Angleton, January 1941. 

Ownership: Municipal. 

Source of supply: Two wells (Nos. 1 and 3).

Well 1. Drilled by Luther Patterson; date unknown; depth 1,012 feet; 

diameter, 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor.

Well 3. Drilled in 1940 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 938 feet; diameter, 

10% to 5 inches; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor; static water 

level, 14.02 feet below measuring point on Nov. 1, 1940; yield, 250,gallons a 

minute on Nov. 1, 1940.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 33

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

April.. _ ......

1639 1940

63,600

69,200

70,900

66,300

80,700

1941

82,300

80,800

67 800

76,600

84,800

July..-.-.. ....

1939

58,400

59,800

65,800

56,100

53,100

51,900

1940

75,700

75,400

87,100

75,400

83,100

62,600

1941

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Treatment: Aeration and chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected Jan. 20,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr., and E. W. Lohrl

Silica (SiOj)... .........................

Sodium (Na)__ ________ ____________

Sulfate (SOO 

Chloride (01). .....................................

Nitrate (NO»)......-....... .....................

pH ..... ........ .. ........

Well 1

Parts per 

million

14 

.06 

12 

4.3

} 305

' s^

1 

278 

1.0 

0 

801 

48 

8.0

Equivalents 

per million

0.60 

.35

13.25

6.29 

.02 

7.84 

.05 

0

WellS

Parts per 

million

15 

1.0 

12

4.1

274

402 

1 

222

0

728 

47 

7.9

Equivalents 

per million

0.60 

.34

11.93

6.59 

.02 

6.26

0

Drillers' log, well S

Soil,.... _ ..............

Clay....-- . ..............

Clay 

Clay 

Clay. 

CWy... 

Thickness 

(feet)

8

52

2%

105

17

19

78

31

22

38

112

,83

70

Depth 

(feet)

8

60

83

188

285

224

302

333

355

393

505

588

658

'Clay... .... 

Clay... 

Clay.. 

Clay. 

Clay 

Thickness 

(feet)

70

24

21

26

26

18

30

39

22

41

27

10

Depth 

(feet)

728

752

773

799

825

843

873

912

934

975

1,002

1,012
34 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

FREEPORT

Population in 1940: 2,579.

Source of information: J. E. Reed, Jr., water superintendent, June 1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Four wells (Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4).

Well 1. At pumping station 110 West 2d Street; drilled in 1920; depth, 

250 feet; diameter, 6 inches; air lift; yield, 65 gallons a minute.

Well 2. At pumping station 110 West 2d Street; drilled in 1920; depth, 

250 feet; diameter, 6 inches; air lift; yield, 85 gallons a minute.

Well 3. At pumping station 110 West 2d Street; drilled in 1936 by LayneTexas Co.; depth, 250 feet; diameter, 6 inches; air lift; static water level, 

37.02 feet below measuring point on Sept. 6, 1936; yield, 65 gallons a minute. 

Well 4. At 8th and Mesquite Streets; drilled in 1941 by Layne-Texas Co.; 

depth, 249 feet; diameter, 13 inches; deep-well turbine pump and electric 

motor; static water level, 60.0 feet below measuring point on June 27, 1941; 

yield, 250 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: Average, 206,000 gallons a day in 1941.

Storage: Two steel ground reservoirs, 12,000 gallons each; elevated tank, 

50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 806. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis, well 3

[Collected June 20,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Silica (SiOj)_. ........ ........

Calcium (Ca) - - . ... ... .. ... . . ... ... , ... .. . ..

Potassium (K)..... ..........

Parts 

per 

million

17

.04

21

12

fMflL

624

Equivalents per 

million

1.05

.99

12.65

10.23

Sulfate (SO«). .._._____.__.._,

Chloride (Cl)....._...........

Fluoride (F) _________

Nitrate (NO.)........,.......

Total dissolved solids .........

Total hardness as CaCOs __

pH........-...__............

Parts 

per 

million

1

165

.6

2.6

816

102

8.0

Equivalents per 

million

0.02

4.37

.03

.04

Drillers' logs 

Welll

Shale and shells ..............

Thickness 

(feet)

20

8

74

23

25

Depth 

(feet)

20

28

102

125

150

Thickness ' 

(feet)

22

53

25

,1

Depth 

(feet)

172

226

250

251

Well 2

Red and yellow clay .......... 15

10

10

65

25

15

25

35

100

125

25

22

53

V26

150

172

225

250
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 35

Driller's logs Continued

Well 3

Clay... _.._ __.._.. .

Clay.........................

Sticky shale _________ .

Thickness 

(feet)

5

3

15

8

69

26

Depth 

(feet)

5

8

23

31

100

126

Clay... ... ... ... .

Thiekness 

(feet)

11

38

51

23

1

Depth 

(feet)

137

175

226

249

250

Well 4

3

54

120

29

3

57

177

206

Shale.-. ___________

24

2

15

2

230

232

247

249

BRAZOS COUNTY

BRYAN

Population in 1940: 11,842.

Source of information: C. M. Ramsey, superintendent of utilities, June 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Five wells about 3J4 miles northwest of Bryan. All wells are 

in line about 2,200 feet apart.

Well 1. Drilled in 1938 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 557 feet; diameter, 

8% to 6% inches; screens from 462 to 475 and 494 to 544 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 30-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 137.27 feet 

below pump base June 24, 1944; yield, 261 gallons a minute with 73 feet of 

draw-down July 1, 1944.

Well 2. 2,500 feet northeast of well 1; drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas 

Co.; depth, 523 feet; diameter, 16 to 8% inches; screen from 435 to 523 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump and 50-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 

166.70 feet below pump base July 2, 1944; yield, 315 gallons a minute with a 

draw-down of 64 feet June 24, 1944.

Well 3. 2,500 feet northeast of well 2; drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas Co.; 

depth, 498 feet; diameter, 16 to 8% inches; screen from 422 to 492 feet; deepwell turbine pump and 50-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 

162.15 feet below pump base July 2, 1944; yield, 346 gallons a minute with a 

draw-down of 82 feet July 6, 1944; temperature, 80° F. 

" Well 4. 2,500 feet northeast of well 3; drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas Co.;

' depth, 677 feet; diameter, 16 to 8% inches; screens from 391 to 422 and 549 to 

600 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 50-horsepower electric motor; static 

water level, 152.97 feet below pump base June 14, 1944; yield, 424 gallons a 

minute with draw-down of 70 feet June 15, 1944; temperature, 80J4° F.

Well 5. About 2,400 feet south of well 1; drilled in 1943 by Layne-Texas 

Co.; depth, 584 feet; diameter, 16 to 8% inches; screens from 430 to 485 and 

534 to 573 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 60-horsepower electric motor; 

static water level, 114.57 feet below pump base June 24, 1944; yield^ 582 

gallons a minute with a draw-down of 90 feet June 19,1944.
36 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Pumpage 8 (computed by multiplying the rate of pumpagj from each well by 

the amount of time operated):

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

February ____________ . ___

March _ . ______ _ ______ _

April .. . ...- .......

July . 

December. _ , _______________

1940

1, 100, 000

1,360,000

1,020,000

1, 250, 000

1,550,000

1, 550, 000

1,350,000

1, 100, 000

1941

1, 170, 000

1, 170, 000

1, 200, 000

1, 270, 000

1,220,000

1, 400, 000

1, 520, 000

1, 670, 000

1, 670, 000

1,280,000

1942

1, 330, 000

1, 330, 000

1, 440, 000

1,380,000

1,550,000

1, 770, 000

1, 970, 000

1,470,000

1, 780, 000

1, 400, 000

1943

1,550,000

1, 550, 000

1, 640, 000

1,780,000

1, 850, 000

2, 100, 000

2, 050, 000

1, 700, 000

1, 800, 000

1944

1, 700, 000

1, 550, 000

1,600,000

1,660,000

1,600,000

Storage: Ground storage reservoir at well field, 300,000 gallons; three ground 

reservoirs in Bryan, total about 2,200,000 gallons; elevated tank, 250,000 gallons. 

Treatment: Aeration and chlorination.

Analyses

[Collected Nov. 10,1942, and Aug. 23,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt and J. H. Bowleyl

Silica (SiO8) . 

Iron (Fe)._ _____ .. _______ .

Calcium (Ca).._. . ........ ........

Sodium and Potassium (Na+K). ...

SuIfateCSOO .- 

Chloride (Cl).__ .............. _______

Fluorlde (F)......-._ ___ _ ......

Nitrate (NO8) ..__ 

pH..-..._. . ..-._-.._

Well 2

Parts 

per 

million

18 

.04

2.0 

.3

67 

156 

5.7 

12 

.2 

0 

184 

6 

8.2

Equivalents 

per 

million

0.100 

.025 

2.900 

2.557 

.119 

.338 

.011 

0

WellS

Parts 

per 

million

16

.05

1.5 

.2 

71 

163 

2.4 

16 

.2 

0 

188 

4 

8.2

Equivalents 

per 

million

0.075 

.016 

3.093 

2.672 

.050 

.451 

.011 

0

Well 4

Parts 

per 

million

15 .25

2.1 

.5 

192 

436 

1.6 

45 

.3 

.2 

474 

7 

8.2

Equivalents 

per 

million

0.10 

.04 

8.34 

7.16 

.03 

1.27 

.02 

0

Well5

Parts 

per 

million

19 

.10

1.7 

.2 

69 

159 

1.6 

16 

0 

0 

184 

5 

8.1

Equivalents 

per 

million

0.085 

.016 

2.994 

2.613 

.031 

.451 

0 

0

Drillers' logs 

Welll

Clay. . - .-. . ..-

Kock. -_ _ _______ ___ ..

Brown shale

Fine-grained green sand.. __

Bock __.-__ ....

Thickness 

(feet)

13

10

1

27

27

3

2

5

10

13 

17

1

Depth 

(feet)

13

23

24

51

78

81

83

88

98

111 

128

129

of shell.. . ... 

Gra^ shale and streaks of sandstreaks of sand and lignite..

Thickness 

(feet)

125

1

26

12

27

13

20

27

33

Dkgjth 

lief©

9*,-i

255

281

293

320

333

380

413

8 Water furnished to Texas Agricultural and Mechanical College and the town of College Station included 

in the following table.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 37

Driller's logs Continued 

Well 1 Continued

Sand with streaks of brown

Sand, sandy shale, and

Brown shale, shell, and layers

Hard brown and gray shale,

Thickness 

(feet)

23

19

3

10

12

59

10

14

5

52

1

23

40

36

1

9

28

3

23

42

91

7

32

28

12

1

58

2

41

22

1

5

84

Depth 

(feet)

436

455

458

468

480

539

549

563

568

620

621

644

684

720

721

730

758

761

784

826

847

854

886

914

926

927

985

987

1,028

1,050

1,051

1,056

1,140

Hard shale, shell, and layers

Rock.........................

Shale--..-. _ - _____ --.-

Shale _. _

Brown and gray shale and 

lignite.- - 

Hard brown and green shale,

Rock-.- - ___ .......

Rock ,. _ . __ .. ___ '

Thickness 

(feet)

34

4

2

1

39

7

4

15

21

9

15

53

80

10

32

14

5

9

31

31

20

48

26

49

3

2

3

42

16

1

Depth 

(feet)

1,174

1 17R

1,180

1 181

1,220

1 997

1 O^l

1 9dfi

1,267

1,276

1,291

1 ^ii

1,424

1 ' 434

1,466

i 48n

1,485

1 dQA

1,525

1,556

1,558

1,578

1,626

1,652

1,701

1,704

1,706

1,709

1,751

1,767

1,768

Well 2

shell... _ ... ...

27

23

108

2

47

1

32

1

27

50

158

160

207

208

240

241

Rock- . 

rf

54

1

11

30

25

30

46

85

29,

29( 30'

33"

36i

395

43$

52;

Well 3

754993 48-! 4

28

47

1

28

12

24

44

2

3

1

32

28

75

76

104

116

117

141

185

187

190

191

223

24

23

1

24

19

28

31

20

24

72

9

247

270

271

295

314

342

373

393

417

489

498
38 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs Continued

Well 4

niflTr

Shale.. . _ ... _ ....

Bock 

Bock ___________

Thickness 

(feet)

8

24

1

46

.1

13

31

7

16

35

22

5

1

10

1

10

1

2

1

29

Depth 

(feet)

8

32

33

79

80

93

124

131

147

182

204

209

210

220

221

231

232

234

235

264

Rock....... _ .. _ -

Shale _ ..

Sand (tight) 

Shale __. 

Shale and lime...... _ _ .

Thickness 

(feet)

27

1

31

15

21

30

5

31

25

69

5

5

68

26

10

16

2

8

18

Depth 

(feet)

291

292

323

338

359

389

394

425

450

519

524

529

597

623

633

649

651

659

677

Well 5

T>QrtV

Shale 

Hard shale and layers of hard

Hard shale, shell, and layers

Sand and layers of shell ...

3

6

8

12

60

1

28

27

1

24

113

2

42

8

25

3

9

17

29

89

90

118

145

146

170

283

285

327

335

360

shell _

Sand. _____ __ . ____

lignite __

Sand with few shale breaks _

Sand with lignite and shale

Hard shale.. _____ . .....

Sand with few shale breaks _

10

19

10

16

9

22

16 

5

23

37

5

44 

5

373

1O9

402

418

427

449

465 

470

493

530

535

579 

584

BT7RLESON COUNTY

Population in 1940: 2,165.

Source of information: C. W. Bullock, water superintendent, June 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells at water plant about one-half mile northeast of 

CaldweU.

Well 1. Drilled about 1937; depth, 180 feet, -diameter, 12 inches; deep-well 

turbine pump and electric motor; natural flow, 60 gallons a minute; yield when 

pumped, 240 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled about 1937; depth, 271 feet; diameter, 12 inches; deepwell turbine pump and electric motor; natural flow, 60 gallons a minute; 

yield when pumped, 240 gallons a minute.

Well 3. Drilled in 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1J210 feet; diameter, 

10% to 5 inches; screen from 1,048 to 1, 206 feet; deep- well turbine pump and 

electric motor; static water level, 7 feet above land surface Mar, 20, 1942;
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 39

natural flow, 132 gallons a minute; pumping level, 24 feet below pump base 

when pumping 310 gallons a minute Mar. 20, 1942; temperature, 83° F.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 130,000 gallons; standpipe, 150,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 540.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

{Collected June 25,1943. Analysed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOi) 

Iron (Fe)~- ... _ 

Sodium (Na)_ ________

Parts 

per 

million

25

3.8

7.1

1.8

8.6

Q O

26

Equivalents per 

million

0.354

.148

.370

.426

Sulfate (800 

Chloride (Cl).__ ___ ... _ .

Fluoride (F)- _ - _____

Nitrate (NOi) _ - _

pH ..... .... ..... ...

Parts 

per 

million

4

20

.2

0

92

25

6.0

Equivalents per 

million

0.083

.564

.011

0

Driller's log, wett S

Hard black shale _______

Sand

Sand.................. _ __ t_

Sana

SftTJO

Sana .. .

Sand.. .......... .............

Sandy shale ...

Sand

Sandy shale- _ __ 

Tough shale ..................

Sand...... .... ____ ...

Thickness 

(feet)

10

34

46

13

.9

44

3

57

4

18

. 2

3

5

4

32

2

25

6

5

48

19

3

12

10

54

Depth 

(feet)

10

A.JL

90

103

112

156

91 ft

220

238

240

243

OAQ

252

284

OOft

311

317

323

0*71

390

OQO

415

469

Sand. .-_ . 

Shale .. _ ..._ _ Sand .. ..-..... 

Sand , -. -.

Ran H f tact a/1 ^

Thickness 

(feet)

7

7

16

17

3

32

31

14

31

6

15

23

14

3d

5

10

47

15

25

16

79

16

4

23

41

Depth 

(feet)

476

483

499

516

619

551

582

596

627

633

648

671

685

724

729

739

786

801

826

' 842

921

936

940

963

1,004

8OMEBVHJLE

Population in 194Q: 1,621.

Source of information: H. C. Harden, mayor, Nov. 2, 1939.

Owner: Gulf States Utilities Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1914; depth, 198 feet; diameter, 8 inches; 

pumped with air; reported static water level, 60 feet below ground surface; yield, 

150* gallons a minute.

Pumpage: Average, 50,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir and elevated tank.

Treatment: Ohlorination.

PLANNING FILE*
40 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Nov. 2,1939. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr]

Iron (Fe)_. ______ ......

Calcium (Ca)-,.-. __ .. ...

(Na-hK)._ ...... ...........

Parts

per

million

2.5

69

3.5

587

492

Equivalents per

million

3.44

.29

26.54

8.06

Sulfate (SO4). . ... ......

Chloride (Cl)_...... ..........

Parts

per

million

222

585

.5

3.6

1,810

187

Equivalents per

million

4.62

16.50

.03

.04

Driller's log, well 1

Clay -.-- 

Clay.........-. ..... ... ..

Chalk........................

Thickness 

(feet)

30

10

16

7

5

3

19

Depth 

(feet)

30

40

56

63

68

71

on

Clay............ ..........

Thickness 

(feet)

10

40

10

10

12

 to

Depth 

(feet)

100

108

14R

158

168

ISO

1QQ

CAMP COUNTY

PITTSBURO

Population in 1940: 2,916.

Source of information: Southwestern Gas & Electric Co., May 16, 1942.

Owner: Southwestern Gas & Electric Co.

Source of supply: Two wells (Nos. 3 and 5).

Well 3. Drilled in 1923 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 460 feet; diameter, 

24 to 12 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 40-horsepower electric motor; 

reported yield, 500 gallons a minute.

Well 5. Drilled in 1941 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 466 feet; diameter 

18 to 10 inches; screens from 162 to 225, 386 to 407, and 417 to 449 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump and 30-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 

169 feet below land surface May 31, 1941; yield, 310 gallons a minute with 

draw-down of 61 feet May 31, 1941. 

Pumpage: Average, 100,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete reservoir, 100,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses 

[Collected Oct. 14,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr J

«

BiVe&lBiOi)..... ...................................

Iron (Fe). ...... ___________ . __ . _____ .

Calcium (Ca)... ............... __ ...............

Potassium (K). ________ . ....................

Bicarbonate (HCO3). ___ . ____________ .

Sulfate (S 04) -..__ -. . . ...-...-. ......

Chloride (Cl)... ...................................

Nitrate (NOj).-... .................. _ ...........

Total hardness as CaCOs ___________ i .... 

Well 3

Pfurtsper 

mliuaa

18 

.10 

8.6 

' 2.2

} 95

192 

61 

10 

2.0 

291 

30

Equivalents 

per million

0.43 

.18 

4.12

3.15 

1.27 

.28 

.03

Well 5

Parts per 

million 

12

.40 

8.7 

2.1

92

180 

65 

9.0 

2.0 

289 

30

Equivalents 

pernjOfion

0.43 

.17

3.98

2.95 

1.35 

.25 

.03
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 41

Drillers' log, well 5

Red clay.. _____ . __ ...

Sand... .. __ ............

Rock _ ....... _ ............

Bock... .-__... _ ........

Sand---.-..-. _ -------- .....

Sand... __ .. _ ....

Rock- __ -.... ___ , __ ..

Sand-- ... ... ...

Shale-...- ----__..-- .---..-

Hard sand with shale rock ....

Thickness 

(feet)

12

26

1

10

1

32

15

15 H

36

49

25

3

23

Depth

(feet)

12

38

39

4Q

60

82

Q7

112

148

198

223

226

249

Rock. _______ ... ___ .-

Thickness 

(feet)

1

38

38

16

19

1

1 24

23

9

18

1

19

10

Depth

(feet)

250

288

326

342

361

362

386

409

418

436

437

456

466

CASS COUNTY 

ATIiANTA

Population in 1940: 2,453.

Source of information: E. C. McKinnon, city secretary, Jan. 8, 1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. At West Grand and Thomas Streets; drilled about 1909, deepened 

from 512 to 842 feet in 1936 by Layne-Texas Co.; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; 

screen from 708 to 836 feet; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor; 

pump set at 180 feet; static water level, 58 feet below land surface on Feb. 13, 

1936; yield, 138 gallons a minute with draw-down of 132 feet.

Well 2. At West Grand and Thomas Streets; drilled in 1936 by LayneTexas Co.1 ; depth, 844 feet; diameter, 13% to 7 inches; screen from 737 to 836 

feet; deep-well turbine pump and 30-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 

150 feet; static water level, 54 feet below land surface on Feb. 4, 1936; yield, 

'400 gallons a minute with draw-down of 78 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 160,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 225,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 550.

Treatment: None.

Analyses 

[Collected Jan. 8,1941. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr and J. W. Yett, JrJ

Silica (SiO3) 

Potassium (K)__ _____________ . ..........

Sulfate(SO4) , 

Chloride (01). ............ ........ ..... ............

Nitrate (NO*)- ...... ..... _ ..... . .........

pH--._..._....______ 

Welll

Parts per 

million

20 

.29 

1.9

} «'

200 

12 

6.0 

.2 

225 

8 

8.4

Equivalents 

per million

0.09 

.06

3.62

3.28 

.26 

.14 

0

Well 2

Parts per 

million

20 

.07 

2.6

.8

216

382 

2 

115 

.2 

545 

10 

8.4

Equivalents 

per million

0.13 

.07

9.36

6.27 

.04 

3.24 

0
42 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers? log, well

Soil . ... _..___ ...__ .._

Sandy clay __________

Sand __ . __________

Muddy sand and lignite ___

Sand and lignite. ______

Soft rock--.... _ . _

Fine sand and shale _____

Shale _____________

Fine sand (fair) _______

Shale .._-. .-. .._.....

Thickness 

(feet)

1

26

2

65

74

29

4

77

.6

54.6

2

40

63

12

20

42

16

Depth 

(feet)

1

27

29

94

168

107

201

278

278.5

333

335

376

438

450

470

512

528

Lignite..-. ............ 

Rock -.. - -. ........

Thickness 

(feet)

1

54

10

56

37

1

8

10

33

1

28

2

32

7

35

1

Depth 

(feet)

529

583

593

649

686

687

696

706

738

739

767

769

801

808

843

844

AVINGER

Population in 1940: 624.

Source of information: Mr. Young, pump operator, Oct. 28, 1941.

Owner: Thomas & Ware.

Source of supply: Well on State Highway 49, south of post office; drilled in 1938 

by J. C. Boling; depth, 380 feet; diameter, 10 to 5 inches; bottom 20 feet perforated; 

deep-well turbine pump and 5-horsepower electric motor; 17-stage pump set at 

250 feet; reported static water level, 100 feet below land surface when drilled; 

reported yield, 65 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 25,000 gallons a day.

Number of customers: About 120.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

{Collected Oct. 28,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Calcium (Ca) ......... _ ..

Sodium (Na) ____ . .......

Parts 

per 

million

6.4

1.2

\ 3S

/ 38

98

Equivalents per 

million

0.32

.10

1.64

1.61

Sulfate (BOt). ................

Chloride (Cl)__..____. ........

Fluoride (F)........ .......

Parts 

per 

million

15

6.0

.3

115

22

Equivalents per 

million

0.31

.17

.02

HTTQHES SPRINGS

Population in 1940: 767.

Source of information: A. B. Hall, water superintendent, Oct. 14, 1941,

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well on 4th Street north of schoolhouse; drilled in 1935 by 

Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 359 feet; diameter, 13% to 8 inches; screens from 284 to 

307 and 323 to 353 feet; static water level, 182 feet below land surface on Aug. 

21, 1935; yield, 94 gallons a minute with draw-down of 93 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 30,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Standpipe, 100,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 103.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation with lime, sedimentation, and rapid sand filter. _-,...
PUBLIC. WATER SUPPLIES.

ris, well 1 

[Collected Oct. 14,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Silica (Si08)..,..........-...

Iron (Fe).._ ......... __ .....

Magnesium (Mg) ............

Sodium, potassium (Na+K)..

Bicarbonate (HCOs) .........

Parts 

per 

million

13

10

14

5.6

18

86

Equivalents per 

million

0.70

.46

.78

1.41

Sulfate (SO4) ..... ... ... ...

Chloride (Cl)..__._...._...._.

TVTitrate fNTOol

Parts 

per 

million

17

6.0

.5

117

58

Equivalents per 

million

0.35

.17

.01

Drillers' log, well 1

Sandy shale _ ^ _______

Shale.--.. __________

Shale and lignite.. i ..........

Sand and shale ...............

Thickness 

(feet)

10

15

93

, 106

57

Depth 

(feet)

10

25

118

224

281

Thickness 

(feet)

32

1

39

6

Depth 

(feet)

313

314

353

359

UOSHDEN

Population in 1940: 1,168.

Source of information: Mr. Elrod, water superintendent, Oct. 13, 1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 1 block west and 1 block south of the intersection of 

U. S. Highway 59 and State Highway 11; drilled in 1934 by Layne-Texas Co.; 

depth, 825 feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; screens from 642 to 685, 730 to 750, and 

802 to 823 feet; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor; static water level, 

135 feet below land surface in 1934; yield, 118 gallons a minute with draw-down 

of 46 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 100,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 175.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Oct. 13,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.)

Silica (SIOj) -- . 

Iron(Fe).. _________

Calcium (Ca)... .... ......

Sodium (Nail ............

Parts 

per 

million

20

.08

3.0

1.2

} 274

Equivalents per 

million

0.15

.10

11.93

Bicarbonate (HCO»). .... .

Sulfate (SOi). ........ _ .....

Chloride (Cl).._.._...._.. ....

Parts 

per 

million

440

3

174

0

698

12

Equivalents per 

million

7.21

.06

4.91

0
44 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' log, well 1

Sofl........ ...................

Clay... ............. ......

Rock-.... _ - __ -.-.... __ .

Shale........ .................

Muddy saad and lignite __ .

Shale.. ................ ....

Rock.. .......................

Hard sand.... ..........

Sand...... _ --.------..--...

Sand __ - ______ .-..--..

Thickness 

(feet)

1

24

3

37

50

32

2

111

19

24

16

2

21

2

32

Depth 

(feet)

25

28

65

115

147

149

260

261

280

304

320

322

343

345

1Y1

Shale - .-_- -. 

!Rock

Thickness 

(feet)

20

1

56

10

29

3

37

118

24

44

22

38

18

25

18

Depth 

(feet)

397

398

454

4fi7

496

499

536

654

678

722

' 744

782

800

825

040

CHAMBERS COUNTY

ANAHTJAC

Population in 1940: 1,500.

Source of information: J. R. Watson, water superintendent, Apr. 19, 1944.

Owner: G. C. Chambliss.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1936 by George Abshier; depth, 95 feet; diameter, 2

inches; screened from 85 to 95 feet; deep-well cylinder; temperature, 1\%° F.

Well 2. Drilled in 1936 by George Abshier; depth, 96 feet; diameter, 3

inches; screened from 86 to 96 feet; deep-well cylinder;'static water level,

6.89 feet on July 24, 1941.

Well 3. Drilled in 1940 by George Abshier; depth, 96 feet; diameter, 2 

inches; screened from 86 to 96 feet; deep-well cylinder.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum 7,000 gallons; maximum, 14,000 gallons; 

average, 10,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Two elevated tanks, 7,000 gallons each. 

Number of customers: 400. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected July 24,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Calcium (Ca) ................

(Na+K). ..................

Bicarbonate (HCOs) _ .-. ...

Parts 

per 

million

64

17

134

445

Equivalents per 

million

3.19

1 40

5.86

7.29

Sutfate (SOt). ................

Chloride (Cl). . ... ... ... ...

Parts 

per 

million

8

106

548

231

Equivalents per 

million

0.17

2.99

Drillers' log, abandoned well

Gray clay,-... . __ ... __ .

Thickness 

(feet)

72

91

12

10

25

Depth 

(feet)

72

93

105

115

140

Blue clay with fine-grained

Fine-grained sand with clayThickness 

(feet)

16

10

15

22

Depth

(feet)

156

166

181

203
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 45

COVE

Population in 1940: 150.

Source of information: Mrs. O. G. Joseph, Apr. 19, 1944.

Owner: Mrs. O. G. Joseph.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1937 by Amos Jennische; depth, 125 feet; 

diameter, 2 inches; screen from 107 to 125 feet; pumped with air; static water 

level, 27.90 feet Apr. 8, 1941.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 150 gallons a day. 

Storage: Elevated tank, 200 gallons. 

Number of customers: Six. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Mar. 5,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

(Na+K). ......... .........

Parts 

million

87

21

222

366

Equivalents per 

million

4.34

1.73

9.66

6.00

Sulfate (QQ^). ................

Chloride (Cl)._.._ .... .....

Parts 

per 

million

20

330

860

303

Equivalents per 

million

0.42

9.31

MONT BEL.VIEU

Population in 1940: 600.

Source of information: O. B. Grumpier, Apr. 19, 1944.

Owner: Grumpier Bros.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1938 by Homer Wright; depth, 304 feet; 

diameter, 7 inches; screen from 282 to 304 feet; pumped with air; reported static 

water level, 73 feet in 1938; temperature, 77° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 60,000 gallons; maximum, 120,000 gallons; 

average, 90,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 60,000 gallons; elevated tank, 10,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 250. 

, Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Mar. 31,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

(Na+K). ....... ...........

Parts 

 per 

million

12

4.1

302

360

Equivalents per 

million

0.60

34

13.11

5.90

Sulfate (S04)- ... ,

Chloride (Cl)......... _ ... 

Parts 

per 

million

36

260

1.4

844

47

Equivalents per 

million

0.75

7.33

.07

Driller's log, well 1

mx^^. ......................

Thickness 

(feet)

20

20

138

26

Depth 

(feet)

20

 40

178

204

Thickness 

(feet)

33

4

42

21

Depth 

(feet)

237

^241

283

3G4
46 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

CHEROKEE COUNTY

ALTO

Population in 1940: 1,141.

Source of information: S. F. Harrison, city secretary, June 16, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells at pump station in northwest part of townWell 1. Drilled in 1922; depth, 605 feet; diameter, 6 inches; air lift; reported static water level, 130 feet below land surface; yield, 100 gallons a 

minute with draw-down of 14 feet; stand-by well.

Well 2. Drilled in 1929 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 557 feet; diamteter, 

10 to 6 inches; screen from 480 to 545 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

10-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 200 feet; reported static water 

level, 141 feet below land surface in 1936 and 154 feet in June 1944; yield, 

83 gallons a minute with draw-down of 20 feet; temperature, 76° F.

Pumpage: Average, 20,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 310.

Treatment: Aeration.

1

[Collected June 16,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOs).-.....-..........

Calcium (Ca)_-_ _______

Magnesium (Mg).. ..........

Sodium (Na). ___ . __ ...

Potassium (K)___ _ . ___ ._

Parts 

per 

million

13

.03

2.2

.9

261

5.0

597

Equivalents per 

million

0.11

.07

11.36

.13

8 SO

Sulfate (SOi). ................

Chloride (Cl) . 

Nitrate (NOs) -- . 

pH...... ..... -

Parts 

per 

million

3

63

.6

0

643

9

8.3

Equivalents per 

million

0.06

1.78

.03

0

Drillers' log, well

Clay.........................

Black sand __________

Hard rock __________

Oil shale and green sand

Gray sand and lignite ____

Gumbo ____________

Rock _ ... ___ . _____

Shale and boulders ______

Gumbo - ---..__.---.__..___

Rock ___________ . ...

Shale.........................

Rock _____________ .

Thickness 

(feet)

2

12

32

2

10

55

23

86

20

1

27

10

17

2

3

1

Depth

(feet)

2

14

46

48

58

113

136

222

242

243

270

280

297

299

302

303

Shale... ___ - ____ 

Rock. ...! .......... .

Thickness 

(feet)

34

2

$

1

2

1

14

44

3

1

3

1

32

2785-

1

Depth 

(feet)

337

339

342

343

345

346

360

404

407

408

411

412

444

471

566

557

JACKSONVHJLJE

Population in 1940: 7,213.

Source of information: E. J. Byron, water superintendent, June 14, 1944.! 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir; built in 1922; original capacity, 

300,000,000 gallons; rated capacity of treating plant, 1,000,000 gallons & day.
, PUBLIC, WATER SUPPLIES 

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

47

January

February. .,-

March ....... April .

1941

405,200

424,500

486,900

566,400

1942

412,600

436,900

403,300

416, 000

588,600

1943

349,200

385,000

427, 700

432,800

507,500

622,900

1944

461,000

454,000

471, 000

531,000

Joly-..... .

1941

559,000

616,200

536,000

451,400

422,600

413,800

1942

602,500

444 inn

443,800

1943

769,200

774, 100

595,000

448,000

449,000

461,000

1944

Storage: Two -elevated tanks, 200,000 gallons each. 

Number of customers: 1,550.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation, sedimentation, rapid sand filter, and 

chlorination.

Analysis of raw water

[Collected June 14,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj)-.._ ..-L-... 

Iron (Fe). - - .. . -

Calcium (Ca). ________

Sodium (Na).-..._. ___ ....

Bicarbonate (HCOj).. ........

Parts 

per 

million

14

1.3

6.1

s 3.0

2.7

1.6

27

Equivalents per 

million

0.304

94.7

.116

041

443

Sulfate (SOd ---- -

Chloride (01).. .-. 

Fluoride (F)....... ......... Nitrate (NO8) . 

pH __ _ .--_. 

Parts 

million

3.7

3.0

1.4

1.8

69

28

6.9

Equivalents per 

million

0.077

.085

.074

.029

-

HUSK

Population in 1940: 5,699.

Source of information: J. D. Norton, water superintendent, June 16, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir; built in 1925; original capacity, 

42,000,000 gallons; rated capacity of treating plant,' 600,000 gallons a day.

Pumpage: Maximum, 300,000 gallons; minimum, 125,000 gallons; average, 

200,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Four settling basins, 262,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 450.

Treatment: Coagulation, sedimentation, and chlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected June 16,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

'

Silica (SiO3). ... ... ...... ..

Parts 

per 

million

12

1.0

5.5

3.5

3.3

1.7

25

Equivalents per 

million

0.275

.288

144

n4a

.410

Sulfate. (SO4). ... ... ....

Chloride (Cl) ............. .

Fluoride (F) .- _____ - _

Nitrate (NOs) - 

pH , __ _________

Parts 

per 

million

6.7

7.0

.4

.2

62

28

7.0

Equivalents per 

million

0.119

.197

.021

.003

PLANNING FILES 

HYDROLOGY
48 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

WEIXS

Population in 1940: 696.

Source of information: Joe Rady, city engineer, May 15, 1936.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well near elevated tank; drilled in 1935 by Kiel Scroggins; 

depth, 400 feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; perforated liner from 301 to 400 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump and gasoline engine; reported yield, 100 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Elevated tank.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected June 1940. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr]

Silica (Si02) 

Iron (Fe)_. .__-...__._..__ __

Calcium (Ca) . ____ ..

Sodium (Na). ....... __ ....

Potassium (K)._ .............

Parts 

per 

million

38

3.1

15

8.3

\ «i

I 61

116

Equivalents per 

million

0.75

.68

2.64

1.90

Chloride (Cl). ................

Nitrate (NO3) -.- 

r\TT

Parts 

per 

million

66

28

.5

270

72

6.6

Equivalents per 

million

1.37

.79

.01

Drillers' log, -well 1

Brown shale with broken

Thickness 

(feet)

15

4

46

36

77

Depth 

(feet)

15

, 19

65

101

178

Shale............ ............ .

Thickness 

(feet)

25

S7

86

4

Depth 

(feet)

203

300

386

400

COLLIN COUNTY

ANNA

Population in 1940: 509.

Source of information: Wayne Shelby, water superintendent, Mar. 21, 1943.

Owner: Sherley Bros.

Source of supply: Well at general store east of railroad in center of Anna; 

drilled in 1911; depth, 1,065 feet; diameter, 6 inches; Peerless Hi-lift pump and 

7%-horsepower electric motor; capacity, 50 gallons a minute; water level Mar. 21, 

1943, 149.70 feet below pump base, 1 foot above ground.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum 15,000; minimum, 10,000; average, 13,000 

gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER STJPPLEES 49

Analysis . 

[Collected Feb. 19,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiOa) ... ... ... ... ...

Iron (Fe)~_ ... ... _

Oaclium (Oa) _

Bicarbonate (HOOs) 

Parts 

per 

million 

. . . t,

14

3.4

14

8.0

1,370

20

701

Equivalents per 

million

0.70

66

59.51

.51

11.49

Sulfate (SOO... . _ . __ ....

Chloride (Cl)_____ ............

Fluoride (F).. ...............

TVCT

Parts 

per 

million

800

1,180

1.6

.5

3,790

68

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

16.66

33.14

, .08

.01

BLUE KID43E

Population in 1940: 450.

Source of information: R. G. Lamm, mayor, Feb. 19, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,853 feet; 

diameter 6% to 5 inches; Peerless Hi-lift pump and 10-horsepower electric motor; 

static water level, 149 feet, Feb. 9, 1939; pumping level, 157 feet when pumping 30 

gallons a minute Feb. 9, 1942, and 163.3 feet when pumping 89 gallons a minute 

Mar. 12, 1942.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 5,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis

[Collected Feb. 19,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Silica (SiOs) ... ... ... 

Sodium (Na)_ ________

Parts

per 

million

13

.09

1.3

.5

207

2.8

358

Equivalents per 

million

.04

9.18

.07

5.89

Sulfate (SO<). ................

Chloride (Cl) .................

Fluoride (F)_. ...............

Nitrate (NOj) .... ...

pH___.--..-._ .._,_. . ...

Parts 

per 

million

109

34

.7

1.5

548

5

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

2.27

.96

.04

.02

Driller's log

Soil -.--. ._....,_..-

Chalk rock, layers of shale __

ThlckJWSS

(feet)

4

45

99

52

60

168

24

72

750

1

84

Depth

(feit)

4

' 49

14.S

200

428

452 

524

1,274

1,275

1,359

Hard shale and streaks limeThickness 

(feet)

3

35

28

75

2

162

89

38

56

6

Depth 

(feet)

-1,362

1,397

1,425

1,500

1,502

1,664

1,753

1,791

1,847

1,853
50 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

CELESTA

Population in 1940: 994.

Source of information: D. C. Sheets, water superintendent, Feb. 18, 1943.

Ownership:. Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1925; depth, 1,541 feet; diameter, 8 to 5% inches; cased 

with 8-inch casing to 1,321 feet, 6-inch casing to 1,501 feet, open hple from 

1,501 to 1,541 feet; deep-well turbine pump; set at 180 feet; static water 

level, 130± feet below land surface in March 1928; yield, 125 gallons a minute. 

Well 2. Drilled in August 1927; depth, 700 feet; diameter, 8 to 5% inches; 

pumped with air; reported yield, 125 gallons a minute; static water level, 170 

feet below land surface in March 1928 and 183.70 feet on Feb. 18, 1943. 

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 35,000; minimum, 25,000; average, 30,000 

gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 75,000 gallons. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses 

(Collected May 12,1942. Analyzed by Texas State Health Department)

Silica (SiO2) 

Iron (Fe) ~ 

ChloridefCl).- . .

Fluroide (P). . __ ... . _ .. _____ .... _ . .....

Nitrate (NO3) 

Total hardness as CaCOj . .......................

Welll

Parts per 

million

19 

.18 

3 

1 

302 

677 

74 

25 

1.6 

.4 

759 

11

Equivalents 

per million

0.15 

.08 

13.12 

11.10 

1.54 

.71 

.08 

.01

Well 2

Parts per 

million

18 

.16 

2 

1 

182 

372 

63 

25 

1.8 

.4 

478 

9

Equivalents 

per million

0.10 

.08 

7.91 

6.10 

1.31 

.71 

.09 

.01

FARMERSVTLLE

Population in 1940: 2,206.

Source of information: Water superintendent, Feb. 19, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two lakes about one-half mile southwest of Farmersvifle, each 

reported to cover about 35 acres and to have a depth of 20 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 100,000; minimum, 50,000; average,75,000 

gallons a day.

Storage: Three concrete ground reservoirs, 100,000 gallons each; steel standpipe, 100,000 gallons.

Treatment: Aluminum sulfate, chloride of lime, coagulation, and sedimentation.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 51

Analyses 

[Collected Feb. 19, 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowleyl

Sfflca(SiOj) .. ..... . ..._ . .. .. ..

Iron(Fe)-----__- -.__-- . __.. _..-...-

Calcium (Ca)._. __i -.__-..--___..-_.___.__

Bicarbonate (HCOS)-.. _ ~ __ . ____ -- ..._.

Sulfate(S04) 

Chloride (Cl) ....... _._- ..._ ._.__._____.___

Nitrate (N08) -- - - . -

PH.---...-.. -... -..-. .... ....__.

Raw Water

Parts per 

million

6.2 

.08 

60 

4.3 

6.6 

4.9 

197 

17 

4.0 

1.2 

0 

222 

167 

7.8

Equivalents 

per million

2.896 

.345 

.287 

.123 

3.229 

.354 

.113 

.063 

0

Treated Water

Parts per 

million

3.6 

.05 

61 

3.9

} »

183 

29 

11 

.8 

.2 

225 

168 

7.8

Equivalents 

per million

3.045 

.321

3.000 

.604 

.310 

.042 

.003

FRISCO

Population in 1940: 670.

Source of information: Water superintendent.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1924 by J. L. Myers & Son; depth, 1,680 feet; 

diameter, 1.0 inches; pumped with air; static water level, 250± feet below land 

surface in 1924; yield, 75 gallons a minute in 1943.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 45,000; minimum, 37,000; average, 40,000 

gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis 

[Collected Feb. 17, 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) ... ... ... ...

Bicarbonate (HCOs). __ ....

Parts 

per 

million

13

.03

2.3

.6

272

3.2

470

Equivalents per 

million

0.11

.05

11.82

.08

a il

Sulfate (804) -- 

Chloride <C1)___ _ ...... ....

Fluoride (F).. ...... __ . __

Nitrate (N08) ... ....

pH.-.. . -

Parts 

per 

 million

96

19

.9

2.5

690

8

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

2.00

.54

.05

.04

McKINNEir

Population in 1940: 8,555.

Source of information: E. L. Taylor, water superintendent, Feb. 27, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1936 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 3,230 feet; diameter, 12 to 6% inches; 12-inch casing to 625 feet, 8-inch easing to about 

2,600 feet, and 6*&-inch casing to bottom; deep-well turbine pump having 

eight stages of impellers set at 440 feet below the surface; well flowed 3-6 

gallons a minute in 1935; static water level reported, 20 to 30 feet below 

surface in 1936; water level, 55.03 feet below pump base on Feb. 17, 1943,

J>f p. *" »*-/,,'.. f»«f
52 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

after pump had been shut down 25 minutes; temperature, 114° F.; reported 

yield, 620 gallons a minute with pumping level of 350 feet in 1943.

Well 2. Drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,280 feet; diameter, 

12 to 6 inches; cased to about 1,000 feet with 12-inch casing and remainder 

6-inch perforated pipe; well is underreamed to 24 inches and gravel-walled 

below 1,000 feet; equipped with deep-well turbine pump having 15 stages 

of impellers set at 490 feet; static water level, 264 feet in 1939; reported yield, 

270 gallons a minute with draw-down of 150 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 500,000; minimum, 250,000; average, 350,000 

gallons a day. Prospective increase to supply U. S. Government hospital 600,000 

to 900,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Two concrete surface reservoirs, combined capacity 235,000 gallons; 

1 steel standpjpe, capacity 235,000 gallons. 

Treatment: None.

ris, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 27,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOs).. .............

Sodium (Na) _________

Bicarbonate (HCOB)__.. ..

Parts 

per 

million

18

.09

9.1

3.3

388

6.4

340

Equivalents per 

million

0.45

.27

16.89

.16

6.60

Sulfate (SO4) 

Chloride (Cl)._ _ 

Fluoride (F). ____ 

Nitrate (NO3) . ..__. 

pH _ _. _.__

Parts 

per 

million

247

212

.4

2.0

1,080

36

8.3

Equivalents per 

million

5.14

5.98

.02

.03

Log of abandoned well, .drilled in 19SB

OhaJk. ....

Chalk. 

Shale 

Shell lime.. 

Shafe 

Shaje...... .... ....

Shale

Chalk. 

Pyrites, hard shale, sand

(Measured depth and found

depth 1,515 feet.)

Lime _____________

Thickness 

(feet)

15

33

25

97

57

92

138

27

12

42

73

225

164

55

6

12

35

44

13

40

22

21

62

114

50

4

20

32

Depth

(feet)

15

48

73

170

227

319

457

484

496

503

545

618

843

997

1,052

1,058

1,070

1,105

1,149

1,162

1,245

1,285

1,328

1,390

1,504

1,554

1,535

1,567

Shale--..-- .... .

Shale -. ' 

depth, 2,015.)

Sand. 

Sand lime and hard sandy

Lime broken lime and sand 

-Bo.... ................

T>o. ......................

Thickness 

(feet)

50

8

2

6

35

5

45

6

14

37

30

72

30

24

21

46

75

30

22

6

05

60

30

11

46

8

24

i 32

20

23

5

Depth 

(feet)

1,617

1,625

1,627

1,633

1,668

1,673

1,718

1,724

1,738

1 77**

1,805

1,877

1,907

1, 931

1,952

1,998

2,090

2,120

2,142

2,148

2,243

2,303

2,333

2,344

2,390

2,398

2,422

2,454

2,474

2,497

2.602
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 

\Log of abandoned weU, drilled in 1935 Continued

53

Sand _ __ . _____ . ___

Do. . - .' ......

Sandy lime __________

Thickness 

(feet)

34

114

60

5

13

24

13

17

11

10

9

8

18

Depth 

(feet)

2,536

2,650

2,710

2,715

2,728

2,752

2,765

2,782

2,793

2,803

2,812

2,820

2,838

Lime _____________

-

Thickness 

(feet)

7

15 -

25

5

26

13

7

41

45

8

30

8

Depth

(feet)'

2,845

2,860

2,885

2,890

2,916

2,929

2,836

2,977

3,022

3,030

3,060

3,068

MELISSA

Population in 1940: 175.

Source of information: Kay Craft, owner, Feb. 19, 1943.

Owner: Ray Craft.

Source of supply: Well located under elevated tank; drilled in 1911; depth, 

1,462 feet; diameter, 4 inches; pumped with air; static water level, 146 feet below 

land surface on Feb. 22, 1940; yield, 30 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 8,000; minimum, 4,000; average, 6,000 

gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 20,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis

[Collected Feb. 19,1943. Analyzed by J. JH. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj).. __ . _ ........

Iron (Fe)-- __ . ______

Bicarbonate (HCOs)-.-- __

Parts 

per 

million1

11

.36

8.4

4.5

1,120

6.2

826

Equivalents per 

million

0.42

.37

48.83

.16

13. 55

Sulfate (SOi). ................

Chloride (Cl) .............. ...

Nitrate (NO3) . ... 

PEL .... . 

Parts 

per 

million

13

1,260

2.2

10

2,850

40

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

0.27

35.68

.12

.16

PKINCETON

Population in 1940: 564.

Source of information: Jim Chapell, mayor, Feb. 29, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well at elevated tank; depth, 1,475 feet; diameter, 6 inches; 

pumped with air; yield, 50 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 18,000; minimum, 12,000; average, 15,000 

gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 30,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

754993 48 5
54 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis 

[Collected Feb. 19,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj).... ..............

Iron (Fe)~. 

Parts 

per 

million

19

.05

10

4.4

1,030

10

831

Equivalents per 

million

0.50

.36

44 88

.26

13.62

Sulfate (SO4) . . 

Chloride (Cl)..._. ._... .

Fluoride (F) ._ . Nitfate-Ywoj)..............-

Parts 

per 

million

654

660

2.7

.5

2,800

43

8.3

Equivalents per 

million

13.62

18.61

.14

.01

PROSPER

Population in 1940: 271.

Source of information: U. N. Clary, water superintendent, Apr. 10, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal:

Source of supply: Well at elevated tank; drilled in 1942 by J. L. Myers & Sons; 

depth, 619 feet; diameter, 7 inches; Peerless Hi-lift pump; static water level, 270 

feet below land surface on Mar. 10, 1942; yield, 30 gallons a minute with 10 feet 

of draw-down.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 6,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 84.

Treatment: None.

Analysis 

(Collected Apr. 10,1942. Analyzed by Texas State Health Department]

Silica (SiOj) ..................

Sodium (Na).. .."'..... ........

Potassium (K)._. ______

Parts

per 

million

14

1.0

12

5

} 670

927

Equivalents per 

million

*

0.60

.41

. 29.13

15.19

Sulfate (S0i). _________

Chloride (Cl). ....... ........ .

Nitrate (NOj)-- ----- - 

Parts

per 

million

320

295

3.3

.4

1,780

51

Equivalents per 

million

6.66

8.32

, .17

.01

Driller's log

Rock _____________ . _____ . ___ ......... __ . ___ ......

Shale. __ . ___ . __ . __________ . __ . _ ....... ___ . __ .

Water sand.. ________________________ . ...................

Thickness 

(feet)

3*

540

41

Depth 

(feet) 

38

578

 619

WXXJE - ,

Population in 1940: 419.

Source of information: Water superintendent, February 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well at elevated tank; drilled in 1923; depth, 2,790 feet; 

diameter, 12 inches; pumped with air; static water level, 90 feet below surface 

in 1942; yield, 125 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 60,000; minimum, 30,000; average, 45,000 

gallons a day.
PUBLIC WATEB SUPPLBBS

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 80,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis 

[Collected Feb. 20,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiOs)-,^ - -

Bicarbonate (HCO»)--- 

Parts 

per 

1 million

1.4

.02

2.7

1.0

306

3.4

516

Equivalents per 

million

\

0.13

.0»

13.32

.09

10.03

Sulfate (SO*) 

Chloride (Cl) - ... ... 

Nitrate (NOs) :.:... ..

pH 

Parts 

per 

million

*118

35

1.9

2.5

804

10

8.6

Equivalents per 

million

2.46

.99

.10

.04

COLORADO COUNTY 

COLUMBUS

Population in ,1940: 2,422.

Source of information: R. Lee Hastedt, city manager, Eeb. 21, 1944.

Ownership: 'Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. 3 blocks northwest of post office; dug well; depth, 48 feet; diameter,

144 inches; centrifugal pump and 15-horsepower electric, motor; yield, 350

gallons a minute.

. Well 2. 7 blocks northeast of post office; drilled in 1938; depth, 48 feet;

diameter, 8 inches; 8 feet of perforated screen at bottom; deep-well turbine

pump and 25-horsepower electric motor; yield, 500 gallons a minute. 

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 250,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: -Elevated tank, 75,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 625. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 2 

[Collected Feb. 21,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOi)_ . .

Iron (Fe) 

Calcium (C&). ......-.....:.-

Sodium (Na) 

Bicarbonate (HC Os) .........

Parts 

per 

million

13

.02

115

10

13

4.8

352

Equivalents per 

million

5.74

.82

.36

.12

5.77

Sulfate (SO*) . 

Chloride (Cl)... ..............

Fluoride (F) ------ __ --

Nitrate (NO)) _ _..._

Total dissolved solids^ .....

pH .- -.. ..... 

Parts 

per 

million

18

19

.2

34

, 407

328

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

O QT

.54

.01

.55

Drillers' log, well 1

Top soil __ . _ . ___ .... ...

Clay.. ;.. __ ............

Thickness

(feet)

3

Depth

(feet)

3

4

Thickness 

(feet)

44

Depth

(feet)

48
56 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

EAGLE T^ATTR!

Population in 1940: 2,124.

Source of information: C. W. Nispel, manager, Feb. 21, 1944.

Owner: Central Power & Light Co.

Source of supply: Two wells (Nos. 2 and 3).

Well 2. About 3 blocks east of post office; drilled in 1927 by Layne-Texas 

Co.; depth, 462 feet; diameter, 16 to 8 inches; screens from 274 to 294 feet 

and 376 to 460 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric 

motor; pump set at 140 feet; static water level, 26.6 feet below land surface 

on Dec. 17, 1927; yield, 650 gallons a minute with draw-down of 49.4 feet.

Well 3. Drilled in 1941 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 262 feet; diameter, 

10% to 8% inches; screen from 372 to 459 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

25-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 23 feet below land surface on 

Mar. 19, 1941; yield, 540 gallons a minute with draw-down of 109 feet.

Average pumpage in 1948, in gallons a day

215,000

197,000

176,000

211,000

196,000

187,000

July... ... ... ..

260,000

200,000

November

OOK ftftA

lew? flfln

186,000

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 494. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analyses

 [Collected Feb. 21,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOt).- .......... 

Bicarbonate (HCOs) . 

Sulfate (S04) - - -- 

Chloride (Ct). ................. ..................

Fluoride (F) . . . - 

Nltrate(NO8) ~~~~- -----------------------

pH______. . .. 

Well 2

Parts per 

million

25 

.05 

58 

4.3 

16 

2.3 

167 

7.6 

41 

.3 

1.0 

259 

162 

8.6

Equivalents 

per million

' 2.895 

.354 

.675 

.059 

2.737 

.158 

1.156 

.016 

.016

WellS

Parts per 

million

24 

.04 

49 

3.3 

12 

4.1 

146 

4.7 

29 

0 

.6 

206 

136 

8.6

Equivalents 

per million

2.446 

.271

.502 

.105 

2.393 

.098 

.818 

0 

.008

Drillers' logf well 8

Soil . -

Rock 

ClayThickness 

(feet)

11

26

2ft

13

22

3

51

13

9

5

10

14

12

30

Depth 

(feet)

11

37

57

70

92

95

IdR

159

168

173

183

197

209

239

ClayRock __ . _____ ____

Sand. __ _- ______ ...

Sand. , 

Clay 

Thickness

(feet)

: * 

2

1

29

21

33

1

6

16

11

22

39

4

38

2

Depth 

(feet)

241

242

271

292

325

326

332

348

359

381

420

424

460

462
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES ;57

WEIMAR

Population in 1940: 1,353.

Source of information: G. G. Medders, water superintendent, Feb. 21, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. 3 blocks southwest of post office; drilled in 1926 by Layne-Texas 

Co.; depth, 602 feet; diameter, 16 inches; air lift and 30-horsepower electric 

motor; static water level, 134 feet below measuring point on Apr. 17, 1937; 

yield, 100 gallons with draw-down of 106 feet.

Well 2. 3% blocks west of post office; drilled in 1935 by A. E. Fawcett, 

Jr.; depth, 605 feet; diameter, 10 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 15- 

horsepower electric motor; static water level, 170 feet below measuring point 

on Apr. 16, 1937. 

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 75,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 500. 

Treatment: Aeration.

Analysis, well 2 

[Collected Feb. 21,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiO2)_. ................

Iron (Fe)-_ _ _______ ....

Potassium (K) __ ....... ....

Parts 

per 

million

18

.14

30

8.7

167

6.6

347

Equivalents per 

million

1.50

.72

7.26

.17

5.69

Sulfate (SO4)-~ .... .

Chloride (Cl).................

Fluoride (F) ..................

Nitrate (NO8) ~ .--

Total hardness as CaCOs _

pH... ........................

Parts 

T)er 

million

7.6

133

.5

.5

558

111

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

0.16

3.75

.03

.01

. - '

Drillers' I 

Welll

Clay............... .......

Bock... ....... ...............

Rock...... _ L ....... __ .

Rock ._

Kock. .....................

Thickness 

(feet)

6

Kfl

13

59

7

70

4

10

6

8

2

Depth

(feet)

6

fif)

64

77

143

Oio

217

227

233

241

243

Sand.... .. . _ -

Sand. _____________

Sand...... .-.- ...

Thickness 

(feet)

32

206

2

27

23

23

13

2

8

2

31

7

Depth 

(feet)

275

481

483

510

533

556

569

571

579

581

612

619

Well 2

Rock..... ........ _ .........

Clay........................

Clay....... . - .-_

Clay __ ....... __ -.... .

10

41

1

5

15

1

9

5

23

25

5

7

J

5

37

10

51

52

57

72

73

\ 89

87

110

135 tdn

147

148

153

190

Gumbo _ __ ___ _____

Clay L 

Gumbo- . . 

10

21

24

8

21

4

41

10

30

63

20

61

. 18

71

13

200

221

245

253

274

278

319

329

359

422

. 442

503

521

592

605
58 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

DALLAS COUNTY 

CARROLLTON

Population in 1940: 921.

Source of information: A, D. Duncan, water superintendent, Feb. 23, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. Known as north well; about 0.4 mile east of railroad on north 

side of Belt Line R. R.; drilled in 1940; depth, 410 feet; equipped with deepwell cylinder pump and 7J£-horsepower electric motor; cylinder set at 

193 feet; static water level reported, 65 feet below land surface June 19,40; 

reported yield, 75 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Known as south well; drilled in April 1929; depth, 320 feet; lower 

20 feet perforated; equipped with deep-well cylinder pump and 5-horsepower 

electric motor; static water level reported, 150 feet below land surface 

August 1942; reported yield, 60 gallons a minute.

Well 3. 20 feet south of well 2; used as stand-by well only.

Pumpage (estimated): 90,000 gallons a day.

Number of customers: 208.

Treatment: None.

[Collected Aug. i4,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Calcium (Ca).-_ ...............................

Magnesium (Mg) .. .........................

Bicarbonate (HOO3) _ . ____ .... _ -------- __

Sulfate (SO4) -- -.--- - -..

Chloride (Ol)- _.. . ......... ..... .. 

FIuoride(F).......... ........ .......... _______ ...

Nitrate (NO3) ...................................

Welll

Parts per 

million

8.8 

3.6 

819 

SOS 

554 

404 

3.6 

0 

2,190

37

Equivalents 

per million

0.44 

.30 

35.59 

13.20 

11.55 

11.39 

.19 

0

Well 2

Parts per 

million

6.4 

3.9 

797 

793 

407 

488 

1.6 

0 

2,090 

32

Equivalents 

per million

0.32 

.32 

34.65 

13.00 

8.47 

13.76 

.08 

0

,

DALLAS

Population in 1940: 294,734.

Source of information: Homer A. Hunter, water superintendent, February 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Five wells and Lake Dallas.

Well 33. iy% miles south of Dallas County Courthouse; drilled in 

1920; depth, 2,773 feet; diameter, 10 to 6% inches; reported to have flowed 

at the rate of 700 gallons a minute until 1926; static water level, 90 feet above 

surface on Nov. 12, 1923, 59 feet below surface in 1933; present yield, 960 

gallons a minute. . ,' i

Well 34. In Oak Cliff:; drilled in 1924; depth, 2,700 feet; diameter, 26 to 

10 inches; static water level, 82 feet below surface on Feb. 23, 1940; drawdown, 178 feet when pumping 1,000 gallons a minute February 1940.

Well 35. In Oak Cliff; drilled in 1924; depth, 2,750 feet; diameter, 18 to 

10 inches; static water level, 132 feet below surface on Feb. 23,1940; pumping 

level, 360 feet below the surface when pumping 1,000 gallons a minute 

February 1940. . '

Well 38. 3% miles southwest of Dallas County Courthouse; drilled in 

1930 by R. H. Dearing & Sons; depth, 2,334 feet; diameter, 18 to 6H inches;
PITBMC WATER StTPPLlES 59

yield, 1,200 gallons a minute in 1931, 930 gallons a minute in 1935; temperature, 104° P.

Well 39. 3% miles south of Dallas County Courthouse; drilled in 1938 

by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 2,921 feet; diameter, 18 to 8 inches; screened 

from 2,620 to 2,883 feet; underreamed and gravel walled; draw-down reported, 198 feet when pumping 1,158 gallons a minute; temperature, 115° F.

Lake. Dallas. About 30 miles north-northwest of Dallas in. Denton 

County on Elm Fork of the Trinity River; capacity at spillway level, 62,000,- 

000,000 gallons; estimated annual discharge, about 550 second-feet.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day, from wells <

1939: ... .

1940 

5,064,000

5,140,000

1941 

1942...................

4,852,000

4,476,000

1943 3,594,000

Average pumpage, in gallons a day, from Lake Dallas

1942 25,500,000 1943- - .-,.,. 32,300,000

Treatment: Well supply, none; Lake Dallas supply, coagulation, sedimentation, rapid sand filteration, aeration, chlorination, and odor control.

Analyses

[Dates of collection: For well 33, Apr. 29,1937; for well 34, Feb. 10,1941; for well 35, July 14,1941; for well 38, 

Jan. 9,, 1941; for well 39, Nov. 10,1940; for Lake Dallas, Feb. 29,1944. Analyzed by L. C. Billings, water 

superintendent and chief chemist, water purification plant, city of Dallas]

Silica (SiOa) 

Calcium (Ca)_ 

Sodium, potassium (Na +K)T. 

Bicarbonate (HCO8) _ .

Sulfate (SO4) 

Chloride (Cl)- 

Nitrate (NQs) . ____ -

Total hardness (soap) ____

Well 33

t* 

« ftg

03

PH

19.3

.05

4.3 

1.6

358 

544 

178 

114

981 

14 84

Equivalents million per 

0.21 

.13 

15.57 

9.08 

3.71 

3.22

Well 34

Parts per 

million

33.6

.35

4.5 

4.0 

386 

500 

296 

98

1,020 

20

8,4

Equivalents million per 

2.25 

.33 

16.78 

8.20 

6.16 

2.76

Well 35

M 

«

*»3

03 "

AH ,

22.6

99

5.4 

.5 

375 

526 

225 

110 

0 

1,010 

16 

8.4

Equivalents million per 

2.70 

.04 

16.30 

8.63 

4.68 

3.10 

1

Well 38

tH 

O

**£! *** 9

05 

PH

23 

.12

5.1 

1.4 

419

477 

 366 

105 

0 

1,080 

18 

8.4

Equivalents million per 

2.55 

.12 

20.74 

7.82 

7.62 

2.96 

0

Well 3d

Parts per 

million

63.6 

.26

7.4 

1.2 

399 

550 

234 

102 ' 0 

1,080 

20

Equivalents million per 

 

0.37 

.10 

17.35 

9.02 

4.87 

2:88 

0

Silica (SiOs) , 

Iron (Fe). ..........

Sodium (Na) ........ ..

Carbonate (CQa)._ ...........

Lake Dallas, finished

water

Parts per 

million

5.8

.04

45 

.4 

35 

4.3 

40 

6.4

Equivalents per 

million

2.25 

.03 

1.53 

.11 

1.33 

.38

Sulfate (SO*)... ....... __ ..

Chloride (Cl)..*. ...........

Nitrate (N08) . ,.

pH 

Lake Dallas, finished 

water

Parts per 

million

84 

14 

.3 

2.8 

210 

114 

9.4

Equivalents per 

million

1.75 

.39 

.02 

.05
-60 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Driller's log, well 38

Sand __ . _ . _____ . __

Shale . ...

Shale and lime shell -

Shale . . . .

Sand. . . . ... _

Thickness 

(feet)

14

113

48

340

24

121

5

dn

55

15

35

99

45

29

436

37

16

19

10

2

28

18

26

23

35

Depth 

(feet)

14

127

175

515

539

660

665

705

760

775

810

909

954

983

1,419

1,456

1,472

1,491

1,501

1,503

1,531

1,549

1,575

1,598

1,633

Red beds... . . ... .

Thickness 

(feet)

3

55

33

86

70

85

40

47

78

39

34

1

22

12

46

8

4

18

34

14

159

5

50

58

Depth 

(feet)

1,636

1,691

1,724

1,810

1,880

1,965

2,005

2,052

2,130

2,169

2,203

2,204

2,226

2,238

2,284

2,292

2,296

2,314

2,348

2,362

2,521

2,526

2,576

2,634

OAKLAND

Population in 1940: 2,233.

Source of information: C. E. Newman, water superintendent, Feb. 23, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. At city waterworks; drilled in 1922 by T. E. Schutt; depth, 2,303 

feet; diameter, 10 to 4J£ inches; static water level reported, 109 feet below 

surface on Mar. 19, 1932, and 119 feet below surface in 1936; reported drawdown, 166 feet when pumping 173 gallons a minute in 1936; temperature, 

106° F.

Well 2. About 2,400 feet from well 1; drilled in 1936 by Layne-Texas &o.', 

depth, 2,318 feet; diameter, 10 to 5%e inches; bottom 98 feet perforated; 

equipped with deep-well turbine pump and 30-horsepower electric motor; 

static water level reported, 150 feet below surface Oct. 9, 1936; drawdown, 

167 feet when pumping 278 gallons a minute; temperature, 105° F. f

Well 3. 1.25 miles west of well 1; drilled in 1942 by J. L. Myers & Sons; 

depth, 3,633 feet; static water level, 155 feet November 1942; drawdown, 67 

feet when pumping 500 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 1,000,000 gallons;minimum, 350,000gallons; 

average, 800,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Three concrete ground reservoirs, 75,000 gallons, 150,000 gallons, and 

315,000 gallons; elevated tank, 75,000 gallons, 

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC SUPPLIES 61

[Dates of collection: For wells 1 and 2, July 3, ma; f&r well 3( Feb. 23,1944. Water from wells 1 and 2 

analyzed by W. "W. Hastings; that from well 3 by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOs). ___._._._.____._____.._

Calcium (Ca) ____________

Magnesium (Mg) ___ . _____

Sodium and potassium (Na+K) _ 

Bicarbonate (HCOa). _____ . ...

Sulfate (SO^)- - - - 

Chloride (Cl) _-._ _.-... _ 

Fluoride (F) __ . ___ ...

Nitrate (NO8).- 

pH..... ....

Welll

Parts

JWF

million

4.0 

1.5 

322 

622 

166 

33 

2.0 

2.5 

847 

16

Equivalents per 

million

0.20 

.12 

.14.44 9.20- 

3.46 

.93 

.11 

.04

WeH2

Parts 

per 

million

4.4 

3.9 

332 

628 

174 

32 

2.2 

2.0 

860 

27

Equivalents per 

million

0.22 

.32 

14.43 

10.30 

3.62 

.90 

.12 

.03

Well 3

Parts 

per 

million

25 . 

.02

3.9 

.9 

437 

518 

370 

97 

1.8 

.8 

1,170 

13 

8.6

Equivalents per 

million

0,19 

.07 

31 

8. SO 

7.70 

2.74 

.09 

.01

Drillers' logs

WeDl

Soil ........................

White rock ________ ...

White rock. __ .... ..........

Gumbo and boulder .........

S»ad_ _ . __________

Thickness 

(feet)

5

445.

4

122

35

25

45

22

63

4

10

82

40

60

12

10

20

20

49

40

11

10

7

Depth 

(feet)

5

4. eft

454

576

611

636

681

703

766

770

TQA

862

902

QA*>

Q74

984

1 004

1,113

1.134

1,141

Rock.. _________ . ......

Thickness 

(feet)

28

26

4

35

2

8

2

8

10

15

1&

35

15

78

1

- 8

68

12

43

611

104

39

Depth (feet)

1,169

1,195

1,199

1,234

1,236

1,244

1,246

1,254

1,264

1,279

1,289

1,324

1,339

1,417

1,418

1,426

1,494

1,506

1,649

2,160

2,264

2,303

Well 2

Soil..... ............ _ ....

Rock.. _ _.^_ ......

Shale---..--..... ______

Shale . .- ...

Hard shale _____ ........

Shale and boulders. _ . ....

6

553

106

13

1

38

22

36

19

114

117

96

2

30

6

18

43

5

6

KKQ

665

678

R7Q

' 717

739

775

794

cms

1,025

1 *191

1,123

1,153

1 t^O

1,177

1,220

1,225 gravel. _ . 

10

10

?3

67

10

16

3

20

2

5

15

41

48

15

24

9

1

28

1,235

1,245

1,268

1,335

1,345

1,361

1,364

1,384

1,386

1,391

1,406

1 447

1,495

1,510

1,534

1,543

1,544

1,572

PLACING FILES 

;-.\DROLOG}K
62 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs Continued 

Well 2 Continued

Shale, lime, gravel, and red

beds ______ . _____

Hard lime .... ..... ............

Shale, lime, and red beds.....

Limestone ana hard shale ' Hard shale and lime ... ......

Hard sandy shale ______

Thickness 

(feet)

10

20

10

30

12fid

14

54

377

4

13

Depth 

(feet)

1,582

1,602

1,612

1,642

1,654

1,713

1,727

1,781

2,158

2,162

2,175

Hard shale, red beds, and

Sandstone. _ .~ _ - _

Sand... .... ___ . ..........

Thickness 

(feet)

7

15

18

19

14

2

53

9

6

Depth 

(feet)

' 2,182

2, 197

2,215

2,234

2,248

2,250

2,303

2,312

2,318

Well 3

White rock... ................

Chalk..., .................

Shale

Shale and lime shells

Sticky shale, streaks of lime _

Shale --.. .. . .--

Shale and shells

Rhale, hard lim«

Broken lime and shale ___

3

608

9

60

125

193

103

112

151

8

21

5

8

102

22

20

24

399

2

87

7

16

67

8

12

58

15

15

10

34

38

14

3

611

620

680

805

998

1,101

1, 213.

1,364

1,372

1,393

1,398

1,406

1,508

1,530

1,550

1,574

1,973

1,975

2,062

2.069

2,085

2,152

2,160

2 172

2,230

2,246

2,260

2,270

2,304

2,315

2,353

2,367

50

85

18

42

48

78

55

13

9

28

69

38

5

51

91

63

15

7

6

11

56

23

30

17

82

83

100

10

10

. 30

60

33

2,41"

2,505

2,52(

2,56!

2,61(

2 63f

2,69T

2,70<

2,71,

2.74J

2,815

2,85(

2,85.

2,90f

2,99"

3,06C

3.07J

3,085

3,08S

3,09£

3,15J

3,17f

3,204

3,22f

3,30"

3.39C

3,49C

3.50C

3,61(

3,W

> ,s,m

3,63;

GRAND PRAIRIE

Population in 1940: 1,595, (estimated in 1943, 12,000).

Source of information: J. C. Swadley, water commissioner, June 27, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Eight wells.

Well 1. About 0.1 mile northwest of city hall; drilled in 1925; depth, 370 

feet; diameter, 5% inches; equipped with deep-well turbine pump and 7fahorsepower electric motor; yield, 30 gallons a minute.

Well 2. About 0.2 mile northwest of city hall; drilled in 1938; depth, 372 

feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; equipped with deep-well turbine pump and 

15-horsepower electric motor; yield, 150 gallons a minute May 193~8f §0 

gallons a minute May 1943, 46 gallons a minute June 1943; temperature, 

75° F.
PUBLIC . WATER' 68

Well 3. About 0.25 mile northwest of city hall; drilled in 1941; depth, 419 

feet; diameter, 10 to 6 inches; equipped with deep-well turbine pump and 15- 

horsepower electric motor; static water level, 125 feet below surface May 

1942, 166 feet below surface August 1942; yield, 165 gallons a minute May 

1941, 125 gallons a minute August 1941, 104 gallons a minute June 1943; 

temperature, 73° P.

Well 4. About 0.3 mile northwest of city hall; drilled in 1942; depth, 474 

feet; diameter, 12J4 to 4 inches; equipped with deep-well turbine pump and 

15-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 190 feet February 1942; 

yield, 90 gallons a minute February 1942, 65 gallons a minute 1943.

Well 5. About 0.25 mile north of city hall; drilled in 1942; depth, 345 feet; 

diameter, 12% to 6 inches; equipped with deep-well turbine pump and 15- 

horsepower electric motor; static water level, 130 feet March 1942; yield, 

150 gallons a minute March 1942, 120 gallons a minute April 1943, 75 gallons 

a minute June 1943; temperature, 71° F.

Well 6. About 0.6 mile northeast of city hall; drilled in 1942; depth, 430 

feet; diameter, 10 to 7 inches; equipped with deep-well turbine pump and 

15-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 160 feet August 1942; 

yield, 166 gallons a minute June 1943; temperature, 73° F.

Well 7. About 0.6 mile northeast of city hall; drilled in 1942; depth, 412 

feet; diameter, 10 to 7 inches; equipped with deep-well turbine pump and 15- 

hprsepower electric motor; static water level, 157 feet October 1942; yield, 

160 gallons a minute June 1943.

Well 8. 1 mile west"of city hall; drilled in 1942; depth, 283 feet; diameter, 

8 inches; equipped with deep-well turbine pump and 7K-horsepower electric 

motor; static water level, 160 feet December 1942; yield, 90 gallons a minute 

February 1943, 30 gallons a minute June 1943. 

Pumpage: Average, 600,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Elevated tank, capacity 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 2,091. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses 

[Collected June 30,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowleyl

Silica (SlOi)- . . 

Iron(Fe).,.. .. __ .... ...

Calcium (Ca). __________ ..

Sodium and potassium (Na+K) _

Sultote (SOi)--., ... ~ 

Chloride (Cl).. - ....-.. ... .-

Fluoride (F). ............ .. . 

Nitrate (NOa) ______ __ . .... . 

PH.. .............................

Well 2

Parts 

per 

million

14 

.14

1.9 

.9 

265 

531 

87 

20 

1.2 

4.7 

646 

8 

8.7

Equivalents per 

million

0.09

.07 

11.07 

8.72 

1.81 

.66 

.06 

,08

WellS

Parts 

per 

million

9.2

.03

2,0 

.3 

233 

506 

65 

16 

1.2 

4.0 

580 

6 

8.6

Equivalents per 

million

6.10 

.02 

10.11 

-8.31 

1.35 

.45 

.06 

.06

Well6

Parts 

per 

million

10 

.04

2.1 

.5 

237 

517 

68 

15 

1.2 

2.8 

633 

7 

8.8

Equivalents per 

million

O."l6 

.04 

10.30 

8.49 

1.42 

.42 

.06 

.05
64 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs

Well 2

Soil..........................

Clay.........................

Sandy clay, surface water .....

Yellow clay. .. ____ ......

Black shale __ ___ __ .

Brown shale _________

Blue shale _ . ________

Sand..... _ . ______ . ...

Gray shale.. .................

Water sand ____ . ..........

Gray shale....... ............

Water sand __ . ______ _

Lime ___ . __ _____ ..

Thickness 

(feet)

3

7

5

23

42

20

25

5

15

15

33

27

6

Depth 

(feet)

3

10

15

38

80

100

125

130

145

160

193

220

226

Tbfcfcness 

(feet)

19

15

5

15

27

5

8

18

4

18

7

5

Bepth 

<feet)

245

260

265

280

307

312

320

338

342

360

367

372

Well 3

Black soil.- ___ - ___ - __

Clay.. ___ . ___ . .......

Clay..... ______ . .......

Shellrock. _____ .. .

Brown shale _________

Rock ___ . __ . ............

Dark gray shale ..............

White shale. __ ______

Water sand ___ .» ...........

Lime _____ . ..............

Sand........................

3

17

2

26

72

10

1

21

8

5

1

14

13

11

33

3

8

7

3

20

22

48

120

130

131

152

160

165

166

180

193

204

237

240

248

255

Sand __ ... _ -_ - -- -

White shale... ..... ..... ..

3

6

6

29

4

17

4

5

6

12,

8

20

18

7

7

8

4

258

264

270

299

303

320

324

329

335

347

355

375

393

400

407

415

419

Well 4

Sandy clay _____ . .......

Shale _ . _______ . .......

White shale. .. ..- .....

Sand.................... __ .

Sand-...-...... T . __ ...

White shale.. _ , ______

Sand. ____ . _____ ....

8

12

5

14

86

5

10

6

7

7

15

18

3

18

11

25

8

20

25

39

125

130

140

146

153

160

175

193

196

214

225

250

Blacfe shale _ . ______ ...

3

7

8

4

49

4

172a

6

15

5

16

4

7

5

54

253

260

268

272

321

325

342

362

368

383

388

404

408

415

420

474

Well 5

Shale ______ . __ . _ ...

Sand.... ____ .... _ _ .

Sand-- _ . ______ ... ....

Sand. .. ___ ... __ ....

6

9

13

35

76

9

26

7

33

20

3

10

6

15

16

29

64

140

149

175

182

215

235

238

248

3

7

4

3

5

20

1

14

8

7

13

1

11

261

258

262

265

270

290

291

305

< 313

320

333

334

345
PUBLIC WATEB STJPPMES 65

Drillers' &$ Continued 

Well 6

SOIL,- ..,_--.

Clay....... .___._. _

Sand nkefc - _

Sand... __ , __ . _ . .......

Bock... . .. ... .,...._...

Shale-...-..... ............

Rook ______ ......

Thickness 

(feet)

3

11

34

72

2

15

5

13

17

17

14

IS

7

12

, Depth 

(feet)

3

14

48

120

122

137

142

155

172

189

203

218

237

Dark- saSndy shale ___ ...

Shale 

Sand __ . ____ . 

Thickness 

(feet)

5

- 18

10

7

30

18

4

6

11

29

3

44

8

Depth 

(feet)

242

260

270

277

307

325

329

335

346

375

378

422

430.

Well?

 Clay. _ r _ .. . .......

17

11

15

70

4

3

13

3

12

32

18

7

17

17

28

43

113

117

120

133

136

148

180

198

205

222

Sand....- _ . . ... 

Sand.... ________ - ......

Sand...- _ . 

6

19

13

17

40

8

6

6

12

9

52

2

228

247

260

277

317

325

331

337

349

358

410

412

WeH8

Black goil..-, ________ 5

10

15 J80

15

21

2

5

15

30 HO'

125

146

148

8

26

2

22

34

43

156

182

184

206

240

283

IRVINO

Population in 1940: 1,089.

Source of information: City water superintendent, Aug. 13,. 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

' Well 1. Northwest of city hall; drilled in 1924 by Mr. Stanley; depth, 397 

feet; diameter, 6 inches; equipped with deep-well turhkje: pump, and- 10- 

horsepower electric motor; static water level, 108 feet in 1924, 126 feet in 

July 1941, 150 feet July 1942; yield reported, 80 gallons a minute; temperature, 74° F.

Well 2. 1 block east and \% blocks north of city hall; drilled in 1939 by 

J. L. Myerjs & Song; depth, 494 feet; diameter, 8% to 7 inches; equipped with 

deep-well turbine pump and 10-horsepower electric motor; static water level,

, 118 feet Dec. 15, 1939; draw-down reported, 56 feet when pumping 125 

gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 120,000 gallons a day.

Treatment: None.
66 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES. IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analyses 

[Collected Aug. 13,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Calcium (Ca).. _____________ _

Magnesium (Mg) __________________

Sodium and potassium (Na-fK) __________

Bicarbonate (HCOa). ___ ________ _

Sulfate(SO4)~ .-..-.--.._.._......_.___._

Chloride (Cl).._. ..................................

Fluoride (P).. ____ . ________ . _ . ..

Nitrate (NOn) ... ______________________________ .

Total dissolved solids.. ______________

Total hardness as GaCOj __ ____________

Welll

Parts per 

million

10 

3.9 

622 

677 

554 

182 

1.6 

1.5 

1,710

42

Equivalents 

per million

O.S2 

.32 

27.04 

11.10 

11.66 

5.13 

.08 

.02

Well 2

Parts per 

million

2 

1.5 

621 

634 

591 

1S5

1.0 

1,680

6

Equivalents 

per million

0.10 

.12 

27.80 

10.39 

12.30 

4.37

.02

Driller's log, well 2

Thickness 

(feet)

8

7

22

121

32

35

5

2

11

15

Depth 

(feet)

15' 8

37

158

190

225

230

232

243

258

Gray shale. ..................

Sandy shale _ . ..............

Thickness 

(feet)

52

10

2

13

20

5

4

3

22

105

Depth 

(feet)

310

320

322

336

355

360

364

367

389

494

LAKCAJSTBR

Population in 1940: 1,151.

Source of information: Mr. McCurdy, water plant operator, Aug. 7,

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well in the northeast part of Lancaster; drilled by Mr. Sharp; 

depth, 1,057 feet; diameter, 8 inches; equipped with deep-well turbine pump and 

40-horsepower motor; static water level reported, 140 feet below the surface; yield, 

250 gallons a minute; temperature, 82° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 60,000 gallons a day.

Treatment: None. > '

well 1

[Collected Aug. 7,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

K)

Bicarbonate (H COs) .........

Sulfate (SOi)... 

Parts 

per 

million

10

1.5

520

567

480

Equivalents per 

million

0.50

 .12

22.61

9 30

9.99

-

Chloride (Cl)i.................

Fluoride (F)........... .....

Nitrate (NQa) ~ *.. .....

'Parts 

.per 

million.

134

, l.t

. 5.0

1,430 "

31

i

EquiVBr 

tentsper 

niillfon

3.78

.08

.08

MESQTJITB

Population in 1940: 1,045.

Source of information: Mr. Parker, July 29, 1941.

Ownership: Municipal. i
PtTBMO WAfEtt SWPPMES <*

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. About 0.45 mile west of center of Meisquite; drilled in 1909 by 

Mr. Shook; depth, 1,475 feet; diameter, 6 to 4 inches; equipped With deepwell turbine pump and 20-horsepower electric motor* well flowed until 1914; 

yield; 140 gallons a minute; used as stand-by well. ': Well 2. About 0.45 mile west of center of Mesquite; drffled in 1940 byLay ne-Texas Co.; depth, 2,555 feet; diameter, 8% to 5% inches;equipped wiih 

deep-well turbine pump and 30-horsepower motor; static water level, 62 feet 

below surface Feb. 25, 1941; draw-down 245 feet while pumping 260 gallons a 

minute. 

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 75,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Brick ground reservoir, 35,000 gallons; elevated tank, 75,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 325.

Treatment: None.

Analyses

[Collected July 31,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings}

Caloium(Ca) *- .

Bicarbonate (HCO3) ___ ----- __ --------------

Sulfate (SO4)~- ......................... ......^ .,-

Chloride(Cl). . ._ .................

?luoride(F). ......................................

Nitrate (NOs) - . . . ...-

Total hardness as CaCOs- ________ - ____

Welll

Parts per 

million

5.2 

2.4

782 

942 

317 

440

0 

2,010 

23

Equivalents 

per million

0.26 

.20 

34.00 

15.44 

6.60 

12.41

0

Well 2

Parts per 

million

4.1 

1.6 

394 

564 

30,7 

63 

1.4 

0 

1,070

16

Equivalents 

per million

0.20 

.13 

17.13 

9.25 

6.39 

1.78 

.07 

0

Dritter's log, well

Soil. .......................

Chalk ................

Chalk........................

Shale. _____ _ I... ......

Sand....,... ......-..

'Sand and layers of shale. .....

Sand..-.. _____ . ____

Hard shale-. _____ + ___

Sand-.- . .

Thickness 

(feet)

4

22

90

34

31

9B

394

70

60

24S

35

234

14

11

38

3fi

68 

12

20

46

23

23

16

35

u4pth

(feet)

4

26

116

1 f,(\

181

603

673

773

981

1,016

1,260

1,264

1,275

1,313

1,348

1,426 

1,438

1,458

1,504

1,527

1,531

1,554

1,570

1,605

.1

Sand and red shale -(core)- _

Sand (core) _____ . ____

Sand.... ___ ... .... ____

Shale.... .. ... .

Thickness 

(feet)

29,

 2

20

52

11

50

261

28

129

12

6

101-

52

28

8

3 

10

23

41

13

14

10

47

Depth 

(feet)

1,634

: ' 1, 636

1,656

1,708

1,719

1,769

2,030

2,058

2,187

2,199

2,205

2,806

- 2,368

2,386

2.SS4

2,397

2,407

2,430

2,471

2,484

2,498

2,608

2,555
68 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

RICHARDSON

Population in 1940: 720.

Source of information: R. K. Ashbyy water superintendent, June 18, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well in center of Richardson; drilled in 1925 by R. H. Dearing & Sons; depth, 1,947 feet; diameter, 8% to 6 inches; lower 161 feet perforated; 

equipped with deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; yield 

121 gallons a minute; temperature, 106° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 36,000 gallons a day.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, wett 1

[Collected July 3,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

(Na+K).__ __ __ _.__ 

Sulfate (80^. ................

Parts 

per 

million

4.0

1.5

294

698

122

Equivalents per 

million

0.20

.12

12.77

9.80

2.54

Chloride (Cl)...._... .........

Fluoride (F) ...............

Nitrate (NO»)~- -

Parts 

per 

million

23

1.1

2.5

742

16

Equivalents per 

million

0.65

.06

.04

8JEAQOVXLUE

Population in 1940: 760.

Source of information: Pump operator, July 31, 1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 1 block southwest of Texas and New Orleans R. R. 

Station; drilled in 1912 by Mr. Wellerford; depth 1,731 feet; plugged back to 

1,550 feet; diameter 4 inches; equipped with deep-well turbine pump; static water 

level reported 60 feet below surface July 31, 1941; well was reported to have 

flowed as late as 1926.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 25,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 75,000 gallons, elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected July 31,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiOj)....... ........

Iron (Fe) . . _ .

(Na+K). ..................

Parts 

p^r 

million

22

.08

5.2

2.4

926

1,040

Equivalents per 

million

0.26

.20

40.27

Ifi OS

SwHate (SOij . .

Chloride (Cl).. ... .... -

Nitrate (NOs) .

Parts 

per

million

356

5?2

4,2

0

2,400

23

Equivalents per 

million

7.41

16.13

.22

0
PUBLIC WATER SUPPU1S 69

Driller's toff, well 1

Tfa.f<l JiJa.f»(r glltnjvi

Tfarrl n1a/>fr .qn^ta

Thickness 

(feet)

16

2

52

74

42

18

27

30

12

7

26

6

18

112

27

140

83

116

2

2

14

112

Depth

(feet)

16

18

70

144

186

204

231

261

273

280

306

312

330

442

469

609

692

808

810

812

826

938

Hard, black gumbo _ .- _ 

TT^ird hlanlr'gnTnno ,

Hard black gumbo _. ...

Hard black shale __ .* ........

TWekness 

(feet)

12

12

ino

6

2

119

26

5

2

11

40

12

100

80

2

8

10

4

14

10

19

52

Depth 

(feet)

950

962

1,071

1,077

1,979

1,188

1,124

1,229

1,231

1,242

1,282

1,294

1,394

1,474

1,476

V484

1,494

1,498

1,512

1,522

1,541

1,593

DELTA COUNTY

COOPER

Population in 1940: 2,537.

Source of information: Edward Cantrell, water superintendent, Sept. 14, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir near town; developod in 1914; drainage area, 2 square mites; area under water, 15 acres; reported inadequate during 

drought.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 150,000 gallons; average, 80,000 gallons a 

day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 100,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 345 metered and 345 flat rate.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation with alum and lime, rapid sand filter, and 

ehlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Sept. 14,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Kowtey]

Silica (SiOj) ...............

Iron (Fe)__ ___ ........

Sodium (Na) _________

Parts 

per 

million

1.5

.20

7.2

1.6

\ 0 fi / 2' S

32

Equivalents per 

million

0.359

iqo

.107

Sulfate (Sod.-,-- ... 

Chloride (Cl).. ...... __ .

FluorWe XT) , --,-- 

Nitrate (NOs) . ... ... 

TYital liarrJTiARH OQ C\&C\C\<*

pH_.._.__. ....... --... .--

Parts 

per

million

1.0

1.&

.2

.8

41

25

7.5

Equivalents per 

million

0.021

, .028

.011

.013

754993 48
70 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

PECAN GAP

Population in 1940: 409.

Source of information: John W. Patterson, city secretary, Sept. 15, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir half a mile west of town; developed in 

1935; area under water, 3 acres.

Pumpage (estimated); Maximum, 15,000 gallons; average, 7,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Elevated tank, 25,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 66. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

{Collected Sept. 15,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silida (SiOj)- - 

Iron (Fe). .. 

Soldiom (Na).... _ .

Parts 

per 

million

4.1

.16

15

2.6

3.5

2.8

67

Equivalents per 

million

0.749

.214

.152

.072

1.098

Sulfate (SO4) _ . ______ .

Chloride (CD --

Fluoride (F). ................

Nitrate (NOs)... ....... ........

Total dissolved solids.-. ......

pH.._. -. - . - _ . 

Parts 

per 

million

2.0

1.0

.2

.5

75

48

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

0.042

.028

.011

.008

ELMS COUNTY

ENNIS

Population in 1940: 7,087.

Source of information: Joe Gilmore, water superintendent, Jan. 27, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells and lake; wells used for public supply, lake for 

industrial plants and railroad.

Well 1. At pumping station; drilled in 1926; depth, 1,796 feet; diameter, 

20 to 8)4 inches; originally drilled to 3,560 feet, but salty water found below 

1,796 feet; deep-well turbine pump; yield, 446 gallons a minute.

Well 2. At pumping station; drilled in 1935; depth, 1,796 feet; diameter, 

13 inches; deep-well turbine pump; yield, 520 gallons a minute; static water 

level, 162 feet below surface Jan. 6, 1937; pumping level, 278 feet while pumping 508 gallons a minute on. Jan. 6, 1937.

Lake. On Little Mustang Creek, 1% miles west of Ennis; capacity, 951 

acre-feet.

Pumpage: No record of pumpage from wells; supply reported adequate for

public use. Railroad uses 11,000,000 to 14,000,000 gallons a month from lake.

Storage: Well system 1 concrete ground reservoir, capacity ,100,000 gallons}

1 elevated tank, capacity 100,000 gallons. Lake system 1 elevated tank,

capacity 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 2,000. 

Treatment; None.
PXJBMC WATEK '

Analyses 

[Collected Jan. 27,1943. Analyzed by I. H. Eowjey]

SiIlca(SiO2)--- . . 

Iron (Fe) . _ .....

Magnesium...- -. _ .... _____________

Sodium (Na). _ . ... ..-.. r.. .......

Potassium (K) ____________________

Bicarbonate <HCOi)-.... .........................

Sulfate.(S04) ,..... ....... ...................

Chloride(Cl)..-.- .. .-. ..........

Fluoride (F) .................... ...............

Nitrate (NOs). _.... . .. ... 

pH..._ 

Welll

Parts per 

million

10

.06 

4.5 

2.1

} 785

990 

488 ' 

277 

5.6 

.5 

2,080 

20 

8.2

Equivalents 

per million

0.22

.17

34.11

16.23 

10.16 

7.81 

.29 

.01

Well 2

Parts per 

million

11 

.31

1 4.6 

2.1 

/ 807 

I 9.0 

1,033 

.500 

285 , 6.0 

.8 

2,140 

20 , 

8.4

Equivalents 

per million

0.23 

!17 

35.09 

.23 

16.84 

10.41 

8.04 

.32 

.01

Drillers' logs

Welll

Sticky shale 

Shale--..--- ___ - __ .., 

Sand . . .- ___

Lime . .. _ ....

Shale ___ . ______ ...

Shale . __ ... ....._. -.

Lime __ . __________

Thickness 

(feet)

100

8

452

487

183

147

68

46

12

105

2

 82

7

4

4

26

60

24

14

6

10

53

42

85

2

83

5

316

4

6

10

44

5

30

14

11

13 \

5

5

7

14

10

4

7

3

17

35

Depth 

(feet)

100

108

660

1,047

1,230

1,377

1,445

1,491

1,503

1,608

1,610

1,692

1,699

1,703

1,707

1,736

1,796

l' 834

1,840

1,850

1,903

1,945

2,030

2,032

2, US

2,120

2,436

2,440

2,446

2,456

2.500

2,505

2,535

2 *1(1

. 2,560

2,573

2,578

2,583

2,590

2,604

2,614

2, 618 ,

- 2,625

2,628

2,645

2,680

Lime ........................

Shale ...! . ,

Broken lime. ________

Broken lime _________

Lime. ........................

Broken lime ... ..............

Broken lime _ ... ...........

Brofeen lime and hard shaleLime _____________

Sand. _ . __________

Sandy shale, _________

Hard shale., j ________

Sand-.. ______ .--. ......

Sticky shale _________

Hard lime. _________ r

Hard shale and lime. __ ; ....

Lime _____________

Sand.. _ ... ___ .--.. _ ...

Sandy shale. _________

Sandy shale. ______ '. .....

Sand ______________

Thickness 

(feet)

7

20

25

52

2

4

8

8

44

8

42

34

10

43

5

20

24

2ft

15

20

10

- 110

58

15

16

15

2

20

14

6

5

3

,10

6

7

3

5

3

1

8

20

5

' 64

3

5

Depth (feet)

2,687

2,707

2,732

2,784

2,786

2,792

2,798

2,806

2,850

2,858

2,900

2,934

2,944

2,987

2,992

3,012

3,036

3,165

3,180

3,200

3,210

3,320

3,378

3,393

3,409

3,424

3; 426

3,446

3,460

3,466

3,471

3,474

3,484

3,4fiO

3,497

3,500

3,505

3,508

3,509

3,517

3,537

3,542

3,548

3,552 ^"-3,555

8,560
72 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs Continued 

WaU2

Chalk-- . 

Shale 

Thickness 

(feet)

100

8

452

487

183

147

68

46

Depth 

(feet)

100

108

560

1,047

1 230

1,377

1,445

1,491

Thickness 

(feet)

12

103

2

82

7

4

93

Depth 

(feet)

1,503

. 1,608

1,610

1,692

1,699

1,703

1,796

" . FERR1S

Population in 1940: 1,436.

Source of information: L. T. Gleason, water superintendent, Jan. 27, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 1 mile north of standpipe just across county line in 

Dallas County; depth, 1,408 feet; diameter, 8 inches; well reported to have 

flowed when drilled more than 40 years ago and still flows when the pump has 

been shut off 2 or 3 days; deep-well turbine pump and 5-horsepower electric 

motor; pump setting at 40 feet; yield, 90,000 gallons per day.

Pumpage: No records available. Mr. Gleason reports well is pumped from 

12 to 16 hours a day, with the heaviest pumping in summer.

Storage: Standpipe, 100,000 gallons; ground-storage reservoir at pumping 

plant, 200,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 308.

Treatment: None.

[Collected Jan. 27,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO3).. ................

Iron (Fe) ... 

Calcium (Ca) . .. .......

Sodium (Na)--_. _______

Bicarbonate (HCO3) __ . 

Parts 

per 

million

11

.08,

3.1

1.7

519

6.6

750

Equivalents per 

million

6.15

.14

22.57

.17

12.30

Sulfate (SO4) 

Chloride (Cl)_ _ ........

Fluoride (F).. .. ..I -

Nitrate (N O3)_._ ........ ......

pH .______ 

Parts 

per 

million

337

126

3.0

0

1,377

14

&4,

Equivalents per 

million

7.02

3.56

.16

0

FORRESTON

Population in 1940: 233.

Source of information: Mrs. V. C. Harvill, Jan. 27,*1943.

Owner: Mrs. V. C. Harvill.

Source of supply: Well reported to be 750 to 800 feet deep; diameter, 4 inches; 

deep-well cylinder and pump jack; static water level reported, 30 feet below land 

surface. ;

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Elevated tank, estimated 15,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 56.

Tr,e*fc|ment: None. !
PtTBLIC WATEE SUPPLIES 73

Analysis 

[Collected Jan. 27,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt]

Silica*(SiOa)..._ ..............

Iron (Fe) _ - ____ __.... ...

Calcium (Ca). ...... .........

Sodium (Na)- ...............

Bicarbonate (HCOs)- .. 

Parts 

per 

million

11 

.10

5.0 

1.9 

645 

8.0

754

Equivalents per 

million

0.25 

.16 

28.08 

.20 

12.37

Sulfate (SO*) _._.-. ...... .

Chloride (Cl)..... ............

Fluoride (F). __ ............

Nitrate (NO3)~- -

Total hardness as CaCOj..... 

pH.... .-. ..-... --

Parts 

Eer 

lion

5&1 

195 

5.0 

8.2 

1,750

20

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

10.43 

5.50 

.26 

.13

ITALY

Population in 1940: 1,224.

Source of information: W. R. Wardlaw, operator, Jan. 27, 1943.

Owner: Community Public Service Co.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Reported io be 700 feet deep; pumped with air; used as emergency 

supply only. ^

Well 2. Reported 900 to 1,000 feet deep; deep-well turbine pump,; no data 

available on yield or water levels.

Storage: Elevated tank, estimated capacity 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 300. 

Treatment: Aeration.

well 2

[Collected Jan. 28,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Kowley]

Sfflca"(SiOj)--. -..- . .

Iron (Fe) ..................

Calcium (Ca) ___ ... _ . _

Parts 

per 

million

14

.31

3.9

1.9

569

11

694

Equivalents per 

million

0.19

.16

24.73

.28

11.36

Sulfate (SO«).. _ .. _ ......

Chloride (Cl). .... .. .......

Fluoride (F)_ _. .. 

Nitrate (N03) - ~ -

Trrfftl HiffiQrVttrAl Qi^lirlsS

pH....._.._.... .... ... ....

Parts 

per 

million

514

111

3.»

.2

1,870

18

8.4

EquivaIghts per 

million

10.70

3.13

.17

0

MIDLOTHIAN

Population ini 1940: 1,017.

Sourcte of information: E. C. Alderman, city secretary, Jan. 27," 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. grilled about 1934; depth, 2,508 feet; diameter, 10 to 6 inches; 

deep-well turbine pump set at 384 feet; pumping level in 1934, 342 feet below 

surface; yield, 200 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Depth, 690 feet; old well, underreamed in 1940 by Layne-Texas 

Co. to a diameter of 14 inches; cased with 8-inch casing and screened from 

510 to 690 feet; deep-well turbine pump; static water level Jan. 15, 1942, 

280 feet below land surface; yield, 117 gallons a minute with pumping level 

at 367 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 60,000 gallons a day.

r . , » ".T *!f»' C|| C<£ rLj».--^»i«« rSL&ji
74 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Storage: Elevated tank, 60,000 gallons; ground-storage reservoir, 75,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 348. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses

[Collected Jan. 27,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt]

Silica (SiOa) ...... .......................... .....

Sodium (Na) ......... r............ ..............

Potassium (K) _ ^ ___ . ____________ .

Sulfate (SO4) -.> - ......... ........

Chloride (Cl). ..-......... .....................

Nitrate (NO3) - . .. 

pH.................................................

Welll

Parts per 

million

15 

.02 

4.3 

1.2 

263 

6.8 

497 

77 

73 

1.9 

0 

687 

16 

8.2

Equivalents 

per million

0.21 

.10 

11.43 

.17 

8.15 

1.60 

2.06 

.10 

0

Well 2

Parts per 

million

8.0 

.04 

4.5 

1.3 

378 

6.8 

488 

368 

45 

.6 

0 

1,050 

16 

8.4

Equivalents 

per million

0.22 

.11 

16.45 

.17 

7.99 

7.66 

1.27 

.03 

0

MHJFORD

Population in 1940: 767.

Source of information: Roy Wade, water superintendent, Jan. 16, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well, depth unknown; reported to draw from Trinity sand 

at more than 2,000 feet; diameter, 8 inches; flowed until about 7 years ago; 

deep-well turbine pump has been installed for the last 15 or 20 years; yield, 65 

gallons a minute; original static water level reported, 90 feet above land surface; 

static water level, 35 feet below the surface in March 1942. u * - ~ " -

Pumpage (estimated): Average, about 20,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 60,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 190.

Treatment: None.

[Collected. Jan. 16,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiOi)~:~. ...

Iron (Fe)_.-- _ . __ - .......

Calcium (Ca)_. _______

Magnesium-. ________

Sodium <Na) _____ i ......

Potassium (K)__ _______

Bicarbonate (HCOa). ........

Parts 

per 

million

14 i

.04

13

5.2

358

7 8

439

Equivalents per 

million

0.65

43

15.' 57

.20

7.20

Sulftrte (SO»K -.: -......

Chloride (Cl)........_........

Flnoride (F) _.. ._ ___ .....

Nitrate (NOs) - , - 

Total dissolved solids... _ ...

pBL,.-,..,......-.. .... ...,.

Parts 

per 

million

245

,116

1.2

0

1,010

54

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

~ 8, 10

3.10

.06

0

PALJVIJER

Population in 1940: 697.

Source of information: R. O. Smith, water'superintendent, Jan. 27, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1937; depth, 1,472 feet; diameter, 6 inches; 

pumped with air. \
75

Pumpage (estimated)« Average, 12^000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 40,000 gallons; ground-storage reservoir, 60,000 

gallons. . . Number of customers: 185. 

Treatment: -None.

Analysis 

[Collected Jan. 27,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt]

Silica (SiOj)... ...............

Iron (Fe). __ . _____ . ..

Calcium (Ca)_- __ . .........

Sodium (Na) __

Potassium (K)___ ............

Parts 

per 

million

23

.0

S.5

2.3

782

1 7.6

934

Equivalents per 

million

0.27

19

33.69

.19

15.33

Sulfate (8O«)-..... ........

Chloride (01) ... ~

Nitrate (NOs) ... ... .

pH .. . 

Parts 

per 

million

293

454

4.8

10

2,040

23

8.2

Equivfti 

lents per 

million

" 6.10

12.80

.25

.16

RED OAK

Population in 1940; 400.

Source of information: Quint Chapman, operator, Jan. 27, 1943.

Owner: Vandergrift & Orr.

Source of supply: Well, 850 feet deep; drilled in 1939; diameter, 6 inches; 

equipped with deep-well cylinder pump and pump jack; static water level, 140 

feet; yield, 50 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: .No records.

Storage: Elevated tank, estimated 8,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

[Collected Jan. 27,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt]

Silica (SiO2)._. ...............

Iron (Ite) .__.____ ....... ...

Calcium (Ca)___. ............

Magnesium (Mg)_. ..........

Sodium (NaV... ______ ...

Potassium (K).__ __ . ......

Parts 

million

11

.04

4.6

1.8

460

8.2

B79

Equivalents per 

million

0.23

.12

20.01

.21

9 en

Sulfate (SO*)- .............

Chloride (Cl>-. 

Fludfide! (F) ~ 

Nitrate {NOs)- . JLParts 

per 

million

394

 OR

1.3

2.5

1,270

18

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

8.20

2.76

.07

.04

T

WAXAJHACHIBS

Population in 1940: 8,655. v

Source of information: J. D. Murphee, water superintendent, Jan. 28, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Seven wells, of which three wells supply most of the water; 

these wells draw from the Trinity sand and are reported to be about 2,950 feet 

deep.

Well 1. At the waterworks; drilled about 1913; depth, 2,950 feet; diameter, 

6 inches; flowed when drilled; stopped flowing in 1932; static water level 

reported land 40 feet below the surface in January 1943; deep-well turbine 

pump; yield, 250 gallons a minute.

PUNNIN&Ff
76 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Well 2. On Coffman Street; drilled in 1919; depth, about 2,950 feet; 

diameter, 8 inches; deep-well turbine pump; yield, 400 gallons a minute.

Well 3. Depth, about 2,950 feet; diameter, 12 inches; deep-well turbine 

pump; yield, 550 gallons a minute.

Wells 4 to 7. These wells are in the vicinity of the pumping station; 

pumped by air; yield, from 60 to 80 gallons a minute, each used for stand-by 

supply.

Pumpage: Average, about 400,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 450,000 gallons; elevated tank, 60,000 gallons; standpipe, 200,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 2,300. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 28,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj).... . ___,_____.

Iron (Fe)_ ______ . .......

Oalniiim (Ha)

MagnftRiiTnf (Mg)

Sodium (Na)_. ".. ...........

Potassium (R).. ... ...

Parts 

per 

million

21

.07

5.4

2.-1

429

7.2

530

Equivalents per 

million

0.27

.17

18.67

.18

8.70

Sulfate (SO4)- - ..... ... 

Chloride (Cl) ___._____. .._._._

Flupride (F) ..................

Nitrate (NO3)-~ - . --

^B... ...... .... ...............

Parts 

per 

million

112

288

1.7

3.0

1,130

22

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

2.33

8.12

.09

.05

FALLS COUNTY

CHU/FON

Population in 1940: 750.

Source of information: G. de Graffenried, owner, June 14, 1944.

Owner: G. de Graffenried.

Source of supply: Well 1% miles northeast of town; drilled in 1924 by Sun Oil 

Co.; depth 2,709 feet; diameter, 10 to 6 inches; 300 feet of screen; reported natural 

flow'when drilled, 800 gallons a minute and 72 pounds pressure at land surface; 

temperature, 112° F.

Pumpage: Flows continuously.

Storage: Elevated tank, 53,500 gallons.

Number of customers: 125 and Humble Oil Co. camp.

Treatment: None.

ts, well 1

[Collected June 13,1944, [yz*d toy J. H. Rowley]

Sffica(SiOs)_. .............

Iron (Fe).-.. _ .... _____ .

Sodium (Nay. .

Parts 

per 

million

26

.14

55

-17

491

12

433

Equivalents per 

million

2.75

,1.40

21.36

.31

7.10

Sulfate (SO4). i 

Chloride (Cl)...... ..........

Fluoride fa). ................

Nitrate (NO3) - 

pH_...... .................

Parts 

per 

mfllion

802

66

3.1

, 0

1,680

SOS

7.8

E<ia!valeuts per

1&70-

1.86

.16

0
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 77

I4QTT

Population in 1940: 1,021. '

Source of information: J. W. Steen, city secretary, June 13, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well about three-fourths mile northeast of town; drilled in 

1940 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 3,305 feet; reported natural flow, 533 gallons 

a minute and pressu're of 66 pounds at land surface; temperature, 138° F.

Pumpage: Maximum, 144,000 gallons a day; flow ehoaked to daily requirejnents.

Storage: Elevated tank, 72,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 250.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected June 13,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) 

Bicarbonate (HCOs) _____

Parts 

per 

million

30

2.4

78

18

415

14

350

Equivalents per 

million '

3.89

1.48

18.06

.36

5.74

Sulfate (SO4) ... -

Chloride (Gl)_ __ .. ... .

Nitrate (NO3) ----- _ -

pH....... ....... .. .- 

Parts 

per 

million

749

83

2.3

0

1,560

268

' 8.1

Equivalents per 

million

15.59

2.34

.12

0

MAJRJLIN

Population in 1940: 6,542.

Source of information: John V. Barton, water superintendent, June 13, 1344. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir built in 1923; drainage area, 18 square 

miles; capacity, 500,000,000 gallons.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day 1

1938

429,000

1939 '

431,000

1940

419,000

1941

421,000

1942

432,000

> Capacity @f treating -plant, l,000,000-.gallons a day.

Storage: Clear well, 250,000 gallons; elevated tank, 150,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 1,370.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation, sedimentation, rapid sand filter, and 

chlorination.

Analysis of raw water

IColteeted June 13,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowleyl

Siliea (SiOz)..................

Caleium (Ca).. ....... ...

Parts 

per 

million

14

.10

41

2.7

5.4

3.4

125

Equivalents per 

million

2.046

.222

.235

.087

2.049

Sulfate (SO*). 

Chloride (Ol) -. .- .

Fluoride (F). ..... ........

Nitrate (NO|> 

r\TT

Parts 

per 

million

13

5.0

2.0

1.5

160

114

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

0.271

.141

.106

.024
78 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

ROSEBUD

Population in 1940: 1,842.

Source of information: G. J. Vlha, city secretary, June 13, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir about \% miles west of town; built 

in 1918-19; area under water, about 35 acres; maximum depth, 18 feet when 

completed and 10 feet in 1944. Well was drilled about 100 feet east of reservoir 

in 1940 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 3,692 feet; diameter, 1Q% to 5 inches; casing 

perforated from 3,352 to 3,692 feet; reported natural flow, 825 gallons a minute; 

temperature, 150° F. (Water reported too highly mineralized for municipal 

supply.)

Pumpage: Maximum, 150,000 gallons; average, 70,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 480.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation, sedimentation, and chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected June 13,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Kowleyl

Silica (SiO,)..._ . .................... ___. ...__

Iron(Fe)- _ .... _ .. ______________

Calcium (Ca)_ _ . _____ . _ .... _______

Sodium (Na)... _ T .

Potassium (K) ____ . __ . _ .. ___ . ........

Bicarbonate (BCOs) - _____ . _ __

Sul£ate.(SO<)

Chloride (CD. ................... ..................

Fluoride(F).. ______ . ____ . ..............

Nitrate (NOs) 

Total dissolved solids. ________________

Total hardness as CaCOj. _ 1 ____ . ______

pH

Raw lake water

Parts per ' 'mUlion '

2.6

.05 

80 

7.1 

15 

4.7 

106 

166 

4.0 

.8 

.2 

336 

228 

7.7

Equivalents 

per million

3.99 

-.58 

.64 

.12 

1.72 

3.46 

.11 

..04 

0

Well

. Parts per 

million

270 

42

}l,420

209 

3,320 

214

r > .2 

6,370

846

Equivalents 

per million

13.48 

3.45

61.66

3.43 

09.12 

6.04

0

Driller's log, well 1

Soil.... ......................

Clay.. -......^... .............

Broken shale.. ...............

Shale..... ..... _ ...........

Shale and chalk. .............

Chalk.. ...................

Shale...-- ___ .... __ ....

Ohalk........................

Shale. _... _

Lime __ . __ .... _ .. ....

Lime .. - _ __ . ...

Chalk and lime __ . _ .....

Lime... ____ . ............

Shale- ................

Lime _ ... __ .... .....

Lime and shale.. _ .. _ .-..

Sand.- _ __ . .

Shale and lime. _____ 

Thickness 

(feet)

10

20

145

670

91

390

120

22

62

31

18

60

157

34

52

5

44

1,082

5

179

Depth

(feet)

10

30

175

845

936

1,326

1,446

1 iflS

1,561

1,579

1,796

1,880

1,882

1,887

1,931

3,013

3,018

3,197

Hard shale..... ___ ----,- 

Sand-. _ 

Thickness 

(feet)

"3

 ' S

10

30

59

10

, 16

15

48

3

1 5

2

30

12

726-

152

13

5

Depth 

(feet)

3,200

3,205

3,215

- 3,248

3,304

3,314

3,380

, 3,345

3,393

3,396

3,401

3,403

3,433

3,445

3,517

3,523

3,674

8,687

3,692
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES" 79

TANNIN COTTNTY

BONHAM

Population in 1940: 6,349.

Source of information: R. A. Jackson, water superintendent, Sept. 17, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Tw©- wells.

WeH 1. 50 feet'east of pump station; depth, 1,200 feet; diameter, 6 inches; 

air lift; yield, 320 gallons a minute.

Well 2. 200 feet east of pump station; drilled in 1926 by R. H. Dearing 

& Sons; depth, 1,191 feet; diameter, 10 to 8 inches; casing perforated from 

1,150 to 1,191 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 50-horsepower electric 

motor; pump set at 250 feet; yield, 500 gallons a minute; temperature, 

90^° F.

Well 3 is being drilled.

Average pumpage in 1943, in gallons a day

January ........ 340,000

330,000 ApriL.........

263,000 OCA on/I 383,000

355,000

July ... 449,000

511,000

Storage: Elevated tank, 300,000 gallons; concrete ground reservoir, 150,000 

gallons.

Number of emstomersf 1,800.

Treatment: Chlorination. '

Analyses 

[Collected Sept. 17,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowleyl

Silica (St02) .. ....__........._.__..._. ...

Iron (Fe)-_ __ . _________________ :_

Calcium (Ca) _ . __________________

Magnesium (Mg) ____ . _____________

Potassium (K) ____________________

Sulfate (SOi) - ". __ . ... ........... _ .

Chloride (Cl)_.. ...... ............... ..............

Fluoride(F). .......... ............................

Nitrate (NO»).............. ___ ...............

Total dissolved solids- - _______________

pH

Welll

Parts per 

million

20 

.16 

3.2 

.3 

300 

2.4 

440 

205 

61 

1.0 

1.8 

837 

9 

8.6

Equivalents 

per million

1

6.16 

.02 

13.06 

.06 

7.22 

4.27 

1.72 

.05 

.03

, Well 2

Parts per 

million

18 

.02 

2.0 

.3 

319 

3.6 

473 

190 

76 

1.2 

0 861 

6 

8.4

.Equivalents 

per million

0.10 

.02 

13.89 

.09 

7.76 

4.14 

2.14 

.06 

0

Driller's log, well

Hard rock. .. ___ .- .......

Shell rock ___________

Sandy shale. _________

Sand rock __________

Thickness 

(feet)

10

15

315

2

10

6

21

1

540

1

Depth 

(feet)

10

26

340

342

352

358

379

380

920

921

Thickness 

(feet)

26

21

37

13

4n

41

37

1

43

7

Depth 

(feet)

947

988

1,006

1,018

1,058

1,099

1,136

1,137

1,180

1,187
80 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

DODD fclTY

Population in 1940: 308.

Source of information: S. D. McGee, Jr., owner, Sept. 13, 1943.

Owner: S. D. McGee, Jr.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1910 by Sharpe & Brailey; depth, 1,660 feet; 

diameter, 6 to 4 inches; lower 40 feet perforated; deep-well cylinder pump and 

10-horsepower gasoline engine; cylinder set at 220 feet; static water level, 182 

feet below land surface in 1940; yield, 8 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: Average, 2,400 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 22,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 76.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Sept. 13,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Silica (8iO2)-.- .......... ...

Iron (Fe)--- _ . ____ ....

Calcium (Ga)--_. ......

Magnesium (Mg)... __ _

Sodium (Na) ..............

Potassium (K)-. ...

Bicarbonate (HCOa)..... ...

Parts 

per 

million

15

.12

1.9

.4

352

3.6

481

Equivalents per 

million

0.09

.03

15.31

.09

7.89

Sulfate (eOt). ................

Chloride (Cl)....... . ....... -.

Fluoride (F)_. ._...___._.-.._

Nitrate (NOi). ....... ... ... ..

pH... 

Parts 

per 

million

256

78

1.4

2.0

960

6

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

5.33

2.20

.07

.03

ECTOR

Population in 1940: 457.

Source of information: W. B. Holcomb, operator, Sept. 16, 1943.

Owner: K. Kimball.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1912; depth, 460 feet; diameter, 6 to 5 inches; 

lower 20 feet of casing perforated; deep-well cylinder pump and 5-horsepower 

gasoline engine; cylinder set at 240 feet; static water level, 60 feet below land 

surface in July 1943; yield, about 15 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: Maximum, 3,600 gallons; average, 2,400 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 6,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 135.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Sept. 16,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO2).;. __ .

Iron (Fe),.--- ....

Calcium (Ca)_ _ ..

Magnesium (Mg). ___ .....

Sodium (Na)...

Potassium (K) . . .

Bicarbonate (HC Oa) .........

Parts 

per 

million

12

.14

2.8

.4

375

1.0

822

Equivalents per 

million

0.14

.03

16.29

03

13.47

Snlfatft mo4)

Chloride (Cl).,_. ._.

Nitrate (NO»).._ .............

pH ..... _ . .. .

Parts 

per 

million

74

46

2.5

2,8

932

8

ae

Equivalents per 

minion

1.54

1.30

.13

.05
 PUBLIC IfATEK SUPPLIES SI

HOISTEY GBOVE

Population in 1940: 2,456.

Source of information: I. M. Thompson, water superintendent^ Sept, 15, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 1 mile north of town; drilled in 1911; depth, 1,673 feet; 

diameter, 8 to 6 inches; air lift; static water level, 135 feet below land surface 

when drilled, 167 feet in 1939, 260 feet in June 1943; yield, 320 gallons a minute 

with draw-down of 30 feet; temperature, 91° P.

Pumpage: Average, about 130,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 238,000 gallons; elevated tank, 150,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 600.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Sept. 15,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

, i

Silica (SiOs)...... ,....__._

Iron (Ve).:. ..................

Sodium (Na) ._ _____ . _ .

Parts 

per 

million

17

.07

2.8

.2

345

2.0

515

Equivalents per 

million

0.14

.02

15.02

05

8.46

Sulfate (SOO 

Chloride (Cl)._..____. ........

Fluoride (* )..................

Nitratt (NOs)... ...... .......

 rtTT 

Parts 

per 

million

 '212

79

1.8

2.5

941

8

8.6

Equivalents per 

million

4.41

2.23

no

n/t

Driller's log, well 1 

Blue sand, soft; some salty

ably pipeclay). __ __j ....

Blue gumbo, medium (probablymarl) ____ .. ___

Blue shale, soft, with boulBlue sand rock, hard. ... __

Blue shale and stone, soft.... 

Blue gumbo, hard..,. ____ .

Blue shale, soft, . with thin

layers of rock or boulders. .

Blue sand rock, hard,. .......

Blue shale, soft; boulders and 

thinner layer of sand. _.....

Blue sand rock, very hard; a

Blue sand rock, hard . __ ...

Thickness 

(feet)

208

3

30

7

3

23

2

8

28

«8

2

79 

29

230

1

29

233

5

5

2

Depth

(feet),

208

211

241

248

251

274

276

984

312

370

451 

480

710

711

740

973

978

983

985

Shale and soapstone, soft.- _

Bed beds, hard, laminated,

Blue gumbo, hard..... _ ...

White sand rock, hard (cap 

rock)...- ... _ r _-. 

White sand, soft (good coarseThickness 

(feet)

6

2

15 

1

53

13

34

16

3

12

41

61

5

8

2

24

284

9

9

2

84

4

Depth 

(feet),

991

993

1.008 

1,009

1,062

1,075

1,109

1,125

1,128

1,140

1,181

1,242

1,247

1,255

1,257

1,281

1,565

1,574

1,583

1,585

1,669

1,673
82 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

LADONIA

Population in 1940: 1,279.

Source of information: Jack Morrow, city secretary, Sept. 15, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 1 block west of railroad station; drilled in 1911 by 

W. E. Tomerlin; depth, 2,551 feet; diameter, 8 to 4 inches; deep-well turbine 

pump and 10-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 286 feet; well originally 

flowed; yield, 75 gallons a minute; temperature, 103° P. (Water reported unfit 

for drinking.)

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 25,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 100,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 175.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Sept. 15,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowtey]

Silica (SiOs). . ... ... .

Iron (Fe)...._ .! -_ 

Farts 

million

12

.85

27

9.0

2,160

13

738

Equivalents per 

million

1.35

.74

93.92

.33

12.10

Sulfate (8O<). ....... .........

Chloride (Cl).. - .-_...

Fluoride (F) __........__.___._

Nitrate (NO8) . -.

PH....... ....................

Farts 

per 

million

30

2,960 2.2

1.5

5,580

104

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.62

83.48

.12

.02

Driller's log, well 1

Sand rock with shells ____

Bock. ....... ...... ........

White rock Austin chalk. 

Shale with streaks of gumbo..

Thickness 

(feet)

8

23

2

8

2

6

60

232

196

1,224

Depth 

(feet)

8

31

33

41

43

40

109

141

637

1,761

Blank (?). .___ .. __.

Thickness 

(feet)

66

108

371

54

5

40

5

, 103

38

Depth 

(feet)

1,827

1,935

2,306

2,360

2,365

2,405

2,410

2,513

2,551

LBONAKD

Population in 1940: 1,331.

Source of information: Luster* Stallinggj mayor, J3ept. 16, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well at the south edge of town; drilled in 1910; depth, 

1,219 feet; deepened in 1918 to 1,653 feet by R. H. Bearing & Sons; diameter, 

8 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; pump set 

at 360 feet; static water level below land surface, 237 feet in 1940 and 284 feet 

in August 1943; yield, 45 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: Average, 35,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 52,000 gallons. - .-.,,-

Number of customers: 347.

Treatment: Ammoniation and chlorination.
PUBLIC WATER 83

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Sept. 16,1943. Analyzed by J. H.

Silica (Si02) 

Bicarbonate (HOO8). __ . ...

Parts 

ner 

million

18

.16

4.2

2.0

584

4.2

602

Equivalents per 

million

0.21

.16

25.38

.11

9.88

SuUate (SCW 

Chloride (Cl) ........

Nitrate ,(N08) .-t -- 

Total dissolved solids ____

pH . ,

Parts 

per 

million

127

470

1.7

0

1,510

18

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

2.64

ia.,26

fkQ

0

Driller's log, well 1

Soil.... . 

White rock ____ . __

Shale. _____ . _______

Shale antf gnmbo.. .... _ ,. ..

Shale.

Thickness 

(feet)

2

178

120

41

68

07

92

2

93

2

17

Depth 

(feet)

2

180

300

341

409

: 506

598

600

693

695

712

Shale.with shell.roGks., _,,....

Thickness 

(feet)

3

38

5

42

180

120

2

61

, 2

54

Depth 

(feet)

715

758

758

800

980

1,100

1,102

1,163

1,165

1 1, 219

i Deepened to 1,653 feet in 1918 but remainder of log not available.

SAVOY

Population in 1940: 298.

Source of information: Max Arterberty, city secretary, Sept. 16, 1943. ,

SouFce of supply: Well undep^he elevated tank; drilled in 1936 by Witherspoon; 

depth, 528 feet; diameter, 6 to 5 inches; lower 20 feet of casing perforated; deepwell turbine pump and 7^-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 330 feet; 

static water level, 185 feet below land surface when drilled and 245 feet in September 1943; yield when drilled, 57 gallons a minute, with draw-down of 45 feet after 

24 hours pumping, present yield reported, 35 gallons a minute; temperature 

72^° F.

Pumpage: Maximum, 14,000 gallons; average, 6,500 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 10,000 gallons; elevated tanfc, 30,000, 

gallons.

Number of customers: 95.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, wett 1 

(Collected Sept. 16,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowtey]

Silica (SiOi)..... ..........

Calcium (C»)_... ............

Magnesium <Mg). ______

Potossttbn (K) -- . 

Parts 

per 

million

16

.07

1.2

.2

200

1.4

395

Equivalents per 

million

0.06

.02

B 71

6

AO

Sulfate (BOO 

Chloride (Ol).. 

Fluoride (F) . 

Nitrate (NOt) 

pH

Parts' 

per 

million

75

26

.9

.8

532

p 4

Equivalents per million

1.56 .?a

.05

1 ,<tt

PLANNING FILES 

HY8ROLOGX
84 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Driller's log, well 1

fllav

Bluish yellow clay ______

Blue sandy shale _______

Water sand __________

Thickness 

(feet)

3

5

12

10

10

105

92

1

1

7

14

4

4

3

19

Depth 

(feet)

3

8

20

30

4f>

145

237

238

239

246

260

264

268

271

290

Sandy (little? water).... ... ..

Thickness 

(feet)

5

14

17

47

%

51

16

2

11

24

28

2

12

1

Depth 

(feet)

295

309

326

378

381

432

44S

450

461

485

513

515

527

528

TRENTON

Population in 1940: 634.

Source of information: Elzie Cockrum, water superintendent, Sept. 16, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well under elevated tank; drilled in September 1938 by 

Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1, 472 feet; diameter, 8 to 5 inches; Hi-lift rotary pump 

and 10-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 435 feet; static water level, 307 

feet below land surface when drilled and 321 feet on Dec. 22, 1941; yield, 60 

gallons a minute with draw-down of 50 feet.

Pumpage: Maximum, 43,700 gallons; average, 27,400 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 138.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Sept. 16,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowtey]

Silica (8iOi)... ...............

Bicarbonate (HCO3) _

Parts 

per 

million

15

.10

1.5

.3

9QO

2.6

442

Equivalents per 

million

0,07

.02

19 QQ

.07

7.25

Sulfate (SO4) - 

Chloride (Cl)... . ... .... 

pH......_.__-.........,.-..

Parts 

per 

million

220

45

1.0

0

868

4

8.3

Eqnivalents per 

million

4.58

1.27

.05

OJ

Driller'-s log, well 1

Chalk rock. _________

Shale.._. .....................

Shale.. ... ...... ...........

Hard shale..... _______

Sand and streaks of shale.. _

Thickness 

(feet)

330

150

20

143

5

36

21

248

1

68

m

34

6

Depth 

(feet)

330

480

500

643

648

684

705

953

954

1,012

1,074'

1,108

1,114

'

Thickness 

(feet)

28

61

4

1

100

83

1

.14

10

13

2*

19

Depth 

(feet)

1,142

1,203

1,207

1,208

Ii308

1,391

1,392

1,406

1,416

1,429

1,458

1- Jlifa
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 85

WIKDOM

Population in 1940: 290.

Source of information: Carl E. Wright, city secretary, Sept. 15, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well under elevated tank; drilled in 1936 by Layne-Texas 

Co.; depth, 1,691 feet; diameter, 6 to 5 inches; lower 71 feet of casing perforated; 

deep-well turbine pump and 10-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 290 feet 

(pump lowered 40 feet in 1941; city plans to lower pump another 40 feet); static 

water level, 229 feet below land surface when drilled and 259 feet in July 1940; 

yield, 35 gallons a minute; temperature 93° F.

Pumpage: No record.-.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 66.

Treatment: None. N

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Sept. 15,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica CSiOz) 

Parts 

per 

million

20

.13

2.4

.5

352

3.8

486

Equivalents per 

million

.04-

15.31

.10

7.97

Solfate (SO4) ~ 

Chloride (Cl)._._. ...... __ ..

Pluoride (F)... ...... ____ ..

Nitrate (NOa) .

pH_.. ..._.

Parts 

per 

million

267

74

1.0

0

986

8

8.3

Equivalents per 

million

5.56

2.09

.05

0

Driller's log, well 1

Shale ___ . ______ . __

Rock...... ......... ..........

Shale 

Sand. __ ,. __ ... _ . .....

Shale ___ . ..................

Hard lime and hard streaks...

Shale . - _____ - .... .

Shale, streaks of lime and

Thickness 

(feet)

70

110

28

129

5

28

3

20

5

147

1

176

9

31

14

26

27

10 

113

7

63

22

23

124

Depth

(feet)

70

180

208

3S7

342

370

373

393

398

545

546

722

731

762

776

802

829

839 

952

959

1,022

1,044

1,067

1,191

1,293 .......... ..... ...

Sandy shale, little oil show,

Woodbine water sand, with

Thickness 

(feet)

104

22

3

5

33

2

3

65

82

48

39

6

2

23

57

6

Depth 

(feet)

1,295

1,317

1,320

1, 325

1,358

1,360

1,363

1,428

1,510

1,558

1,597

1,603

1,605

1,628

1,685

1,691

754993 48-
86 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

FAYBTTE COUNTY

FAYBTTBVHJLJa

Population in 1940: 445.

Source of information: Water superintendent, July 8, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 2 blocks east of post office; drilled in 1927 by LayneTexas Co.; depth, 908 feet; diameter, 12 to 8 inches; screens from 768 to 790 and 

860 to 902 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 20-horsepower electric motor; static 

water level, 72 feet below land surface on July 16, 1927; yield, 85 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 15,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 115.

Treatment: None.

Analysis 

[001160164711178,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiOj) ... ... ... ... ...

Calcium (Ca)....-. ........

Magnesium (Mg) .. ...

Sodium and potassium 

(Na+K) ... ... ... ... ... .

Bicarbonate (HCOs) . .

Parts 

per 

million

60

.02

5.6

.6

240

534

Equivalents per 

million

0.28

.04

10 44

8.75

Sulfate (BOd. ................

Chloride (Cl)._ . _.___

Nitrate (NOs)- 

Total dissolved solids.. .......

Parts 

per 

million

31

48

.2

0

648

16

Equivalents per 

million

0.65

1 OfC

.01

0

Driller's log

Clay. ... ... ... ... ... ...

Rock. 

Sand.. _____ .... .........

Rock __ .... . ................

Hard shale.. _ ....... 

Clay................. ........

Shale and gumbo. ............

Thickness 

(feet)

51

10

15

12

01

10

192

1

4

1

35 

14

38

7

6

Depth 

(feet)

51

61

76

88

189

381

382

386

387

' 422 

436

474

481

4R7

Soft shale

Gumbo _________ ...

Rock......................... 

Sand __ ... _ . _ . _

Thickness 

(feet)

33

21

25

22

49

7

60,

33

32

Oft

71

1 

40

4

Depth 

(feet)

520

Ml

566

588

633

640

700

732

764

7Q9

863

864 

904

908

PTjATONIA

Population in 1940: 1,024.

Source of information: Water superintendent, July 6, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 2 blocks east of post office, drilled in 1925 by Louis 

Kiel; depth, 945 feet; diameter, 10 to 4 inches; deep-well turbine- pump and 

10-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 200 feet; reported static water level, 

100 feet below land surface in 1939; yield, 150 gallons a minute; temperature,, 

81° F.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 87

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 75,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 232.

Treatment: Contact-bed aeration.

Analysis 

[Collected July 6,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiO») .... .....

Calcium (Ca) _ __ . ...

Sodium and potassium

(Na+K). 

Bicarbonate (HCOj) .

Farts 

per 

million

74

1.0

57

5.5

150

174

Equivalents per 

million

2.84

.45

6.52

2.86

Sulfate (S04) ..............

Chloride <C1)._..._._..____._.

Nitrate (NOj) _______ ..

Total dissolved solids. ___ .

pH........_._...........__.,.

Parts 

per 

million

105

IfiS

0

675

164

6.8

Equivalents per 

million

2.19

4.74

.01

0

Driller's log

White sand.... 

Yellow S£ixi(i

Gumbo .......................

Gumbo __ .................

Thickness 

(feet)

18

18

36

6

18

8

6

16

8

20

22

60

50

52

12

6

60

28

13

18

6

6

Depth 

(feet)

1ft

36

72

77

95

103

112

117

133

141

161

183

243

293

345

367

363

423

451

464

482

488

494

Lignite....... ............. Sand .....

Sard slate rock ...

Thickness 

(feet)

6

8

3

8

9

48

14

12

14

16

37

21

26

6

6

12

4

33

3

137

10

10

Depth 

(feet)

500

£08

511

619

628

676

EQA

602

616

632

669

690

716

721

727 7ao

74A

762 -786

Tftfc

925

JWK

84JS

I/A. GRANGE

Population in 1940: 2,531.

Source of information: Plant superintendent, Texas Public Service Co., June 

23, 1943.

Owner: Texas Public Service Co. 

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. At Colorado and Jackson Streets; drilled in 1922; depth, 265 

feet; diameter, 8 inches; air lift; static water level reported, 50 feet below 

land surface in 1942; draw-down reported, 112 feet after pumping 48 hours 

at 100 gallons a minute; estimated yield, 140 gallons a minute.

Well 2. At Main and Northline Streets; drilled in 1936 by Layne-Texas 

Co.; depth, 293 feet; diameter, 13 to 8 inches; screen from 120 to 143 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump; static water level, 34 feet below land surface, on 

June 16, 1936, and 57 feet in 1937; yield, 191 gallons a minute on Aug. 6, 

1936, and 140 gallons on July 8, 1942.
88 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Well 3. At Northline Street near the Colorado River; drilled in 1910 by 

Taylor Roberts Co.; depth, 192 feet; diameter, 10 inches; air lift; reported 

to have flowed in 1910; static water level, 29.8 feet below land surface on 

June 24, 1942; estimated yield, 150 gallons a minute; stand-by well.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

i

March _ , . ... . -

April. J . . - _-.-.-. . .- .-

July. . r --4. __. -

1938

92,000

168,000

123,000

121,000

128,000

139,000

163,000

175,000

146,000

142,000

120,000

103,000

1939

102,000

135,000

1 106,000

136,000

142,000

136,000

154,000

157,000

14Q nnn

135,000

114,000

110,000

1940

112,000

103,000

114,000

115,000

148,000

142,000

169,000

225,000

190,000

161,000

124,000

115,000

1941

110,000

109,000

106,000

120,000

130,000

135,000

170,000

175,000

160,000

165,000

120 000

110,000

1942

102,000

92,000

117,000

121,000

Storage: Three ground reservoirs, 35,000, 46,250, and 15,000 gallons; standpipe, 144,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 636. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses 

[Collected June 23,1943. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings!

Silica (SiOj)-.._ _. _

Iron (Fe).-L _____________

Calcium (Oa) ____________

Sodium and potassium (Na+K) .... 

Bicarbonate (HO Os) _________

Sulfate(SO4> _ _ . .....

Chloride (CD......... ........... ...

Nitrate (NOs). -~ .~ __ ......

Total dissolved solids. ............

Welll

Parts 

per 

million

69 

.03

14 

2.0 

220 

388 

70 

92 

.2 

.8 

669 

43

Equivalents per 

million

0.70 

.16 

9.57 

6.36 

1.46 

2.59 

.01 

.01

Well 2

Parts 

per 

million

72 

.02

18 

1.1 

194 

368 

56 

77 

.3 

1.4 

601 

50

Equivalents per 

million

0.90 

.OS 

8.44 

6.03 

1.17 

2.17 

.02 

.02

WellS

Parts

per 

million

85 

.02

5.0 

.4 

216 

400 

48 

73 

.6 

0 

632 

14

Equivalents per 

million

0.25 

.03 

9.39 

6.56 

1.00 

2.06 

.03 

0

Driller's log, well

Red Clay..... _ ............

Sand with layers of shale. ....

Thickness 

(feet)

10

11

4

2

38

1

6

42

15

1

Depth 

(feet)

10

21

25

27

65

66

72

114

129

130

Thickness 

(feet)

8

19

11

26

29

19

35

30

Depth 

(feet)

138

150

161

187

91 A

228

263

293
.PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES

SCHULENBURG

Population in 1940: 1,970.

Source of information: Plant superintendent, July 6, 1942. 

Owner: Center Power & Light Co.

Source of supply: Two wells, 2 blocks west and 2 blocks south of post office. 

Well 1. Drilled in 1929 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 279 feet; diameter, 

8 inches; screen from 220 to 260 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 25-horsepower motor; static water level, 91 feet below land surface on Mar. 23, 1929, 

and 99 feet on Mar. 22, 1942; yield, 125 gallons a minute; temperature, 

74%° F.

Well 2. Drilled in 1938 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 672 feet; diameter, 

18% to 6% inches; screen from 644 to 666 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

25-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 240 feet; flowed on July 12, 1939; 

pumping yield, 265 gallons a minute with draw-down to 191 feet on Jan. 12, 

1939; temperature, 82^° F.

Storage: Ground reservoirs, 28,000 and 100,000 gallons; standpipe, 105,000 

gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analyses

[Collected July 6,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings!

Silica (SiOj)...... . . .____,_.______

Iron(Fe) ... ____ _ __ ........................

Calcium (Ca)_. ___________________

Sodium and potassium (Na + K) ____ .........

Bicarbonate (HCOa). _______________ .

Sulfate (SO4)~ __ - . -,_ .-

Chloride (Cl). ....... __ . ____ ..... __ .........

Fluoride (F). ......................................

Nitrate (NO3) . . ____ .. _ .....

Total dissolved solids ________________

Total hardness as CaCOs- _________ j ......

pH.................................................

Welll

Parts per 

million

25 

.12

42 

7.0 

162 

378 

28 

102 

.4 

1.8 

555 

134 

8.4

Equivalents 

per million

2.10 

.58 

1 7.04 

6.20 

.58 

2.88 

.02 

.03

Well 2

Parts per 

million

83 

.00 

9.4 

1.0 

250 

513 

26 

88 

.2 

0 

719 

28 

8.0

Equivalents 

per million

0.47 

.08 

10.87 

8.41 

.54 

2.48 

.01 

0

Drillers' logs 

Welll

Clay.... ......

Sand rock and clay _____

Clay.. _ _ 

Thickness 

(feet)

12

66

63

90

3

Depth 

(feet)

12

78

141

231

234

Thickness 

(feet)

8

8

24

2

3

Depth 

(feet)

242

250

274

276

279

Well 2

Clay .... ...................

Sand _ .. __ ......... __ .

Sand _____________

15

5

60

74

4

20

60

23

15

20

80

IKd

158

178

238

261

Shale .............. 114

6

181

50

24

30

7

375

381

662

612

636

666

673
90 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

FORT BEND COUNTY 

RICHMOND

Population in 1940: 2,026.

Source of information: S. J. Butler, water superintendent, Apr. 4, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1934 by Fawcett; depth 398 feet; diameter, 

IQ% to 8 inches; screens from 260 to 277 and 295 to 312 feet; deep-well turbine 

pump; static water level, 30 feet below land surface; yield, 210 gallons a minute 

with draw-down of 32.5 feet in October 1943; temperature, 73° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 70,000 gallons; maximum, 120,000 gallons; 

average, 90,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 53,000 gallons; elevated tank, 75.000 

gallons:

Number of customers: 380.

Treatment: None.

Analysis

[Collected Apr. 4,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Eowleyl

Silica (SiOs) _ .

Sodium (Na)

Bicarbonate (MCOj)

Parts 

million

21

.02

62

9.5

40

4.9

994

Equivalents per 

million

3.09

.78

1.76

.13

9 OA

Sulfate (SOi) - - --

Chloride (Cl) _ ...... .

Fluoride (F) .. .......

Nitrate (NO») _ . ___ 

pH.............-...... ... .

Parts 

per 

million

20

62

.6

.0

331

1%

7.3

Equivalents per 

million

0.42

1.47

.03

.00

Driller's log

Bed sand and Joint clay.. 

Medium coarse gray water

Yellow day . __ _ . _

Thickness 

(feet)

10

20

31

39 

42

5

27

3

Depth 

(feet)

10

30

61

100 

142

147

174

177

,

Medium coarse gray water sand.... .. . . .... _ .

Coarse gray water sand 

Red sand _._ _. _ .._- Coarse red water sand .. .

Red clay... . .....

Thickness 

(feet)

46

22

19

24

37 

6

64

3

Depth 

. (feet)

223

245

264

288

325 

331

395

393

ROSENBERG

Population in 1940: 3,457.

Source of information: Joe Catron, water superintendent, Apr. 5, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1931 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 390 feet, deepened 

to 493 feet in 1940; diameter, 12K to 10 inches; screens from 264 to 275, 

375 to 377, and 400 to 480 feet; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor;
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 91

static water level, 42 feet below land surface on May 7, 1943; reported yield, 

840 gallons a minute; temperature, 74° F.

Well 2. Approximately 1,000 feet from well 1; drilled in 1934 by LayneTexas Co.; depth, 515 feet; diameter, 10 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 

electric motor; reported yield, 570 gallons a minute with draw-down of 34 

feet; temperature, 74° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 150,000 gallons; maximum, 250,000 gallons; 

average, 200,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 150,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 885. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses

[Collected Apr. 5,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowleyl

Silica (SiOs)..._..,.-.___._.__...___-__....._......_

Calcium (Ga). ___________________

Magnesium (Mg) __ . _______________

SodioSR,(Na). ............ __ ... _ .............. Potassium (K) __________________

Bicarbonate (HOOj) ___________ f .........

Sulfate (SO4).-_...._.____.___ ......................

Chloride (Ol). ..................................

Fluoride(F)__ ..................................

Nitrate (NOi) .........-...... .............. 

pH.-..-...-_.--....-..._...___..._.__....._....._.

' Welll

Parts per 

i million

16 

.56 

72 

11 

124 

11 

284 

Id 

180 

.8 

.2 

586 

224 

7.3

Equivalents 

 per million

3.59 

.90 

5.41 

.28 

4.66 

.40 

5.08 

.04 

0

Well 2

Parts per 

million

20 

.05 

57 

9.1 

129 

5.4 

294 

19 

145 

.8 

0 

£30 

180 

7.6

Equivalents 

per million

2.85 

.75 

5.61 

.14 

4.82 

.40 

4.09 

.04 

0

Drillets' logs 

WeUl

SoiL..............._..._.r..._

Sand.........................

Olay. .. ...

Sand.........................

Sand _____________

Thick- 

.ness 

(feet)

4

21

16

31

18

41

68

Depth 

(feet)

4

25

41

72

90

131

199

Clay .. _ . .......

flnxr

Gumbo _________

Sand.. .--.-.-- 

Thickness 

(feet)

53

33

18

28

48

5

6

Depth 

(feet)

252

285

303

331

379

384

390

Well 2

Sott...........--._ ....._...

Clay.. .......................

Water sand... - -

Sticky clay..... ..............

Water sand. ..

2

33

20

70

47

18

67

2

35

55

125

172 ion i

247

Clay.... .. ....... .........

Clay.........-....-,.. ... .

Clay . .. u . _

43

14

152

6

20

8

25

290

304

456

462

482

490

516

FILES
92 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Population in 1940: 1,500.

Source of information: A. H. Weth, plant engineer, Apr. 4, 1944.

Owner: Fort Bend Utilities Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1920 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,606 feet; 

diameter, 24 to 8 inches; screen from 1,515 to 1,576 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 100-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 30.76 feet below land 

surface in July 1943; yield, 588 gallons a minute; temperature, 85° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 500,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 83,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 455.

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis

[Collected Apr. 4,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOz)............ ......

Iron (Fe).._. .................

Calcium (Ca) .- _______

Magnesium (Mg)__ ..........

Sodium (Na). ...I.. _ .......

Potassium (K) ................

Parts 

per 

million

14

.03

14

3.6

119

6.6

259

Equivalents per 

million

0.70

.30

5.18

.17

4.25

Sulfate (SO*). ........ ....... .

Chloride (Cl).._.__.___. ......

PH... .-. . ...

Parts 

per 

million

16

61

1.0

.2

363

50

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

0.33

1.72

.05

.00

FRANKLIN COUNTY

MOUNT VERNOJST

Population in 1940: 1,443.

Source of information: F. J. Joyce, Jr., water superintendent, June 8, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Spring and three wells.

Spring. At pumping station 1 mile south of courthouse; estimated flow,

15 gallons a minute in June 1942.

Wells 1 and 2. About one-fourth mile northeast of pumping station; drilled

in 1936; depth, 80 feet; diameter, 6 inches; air lift; yield, 20 gallons a minute

each.

Well 3. Half mile southeast of pumping station; drilled in 1941 by V. E.

West; depth, 140 feet; plugged back to 80 feet; diameter, 6 inches; screen

from 50 to 80 feet; Hi-lift deep-well pump and 3-horsepower electric motor;

static water level, 18 feet below land surface in June 1942; yield, 30 gallons

a minute.

Pumpage: Average, 25,000 to 30,000 gaUlons a day. 

Storage: Ground reservoir, 60,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: About 300. 

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 93

Analyses 

[Collected June 19,1942. Analyzed by W, W. Hastings)

SlHca (SKh)--.. . _ 

Calcium (Ca)._. ___________________

Sodium and potassium (Na+K) ..................

Bicarbonate (HCOs) __________ . . .....

8ulfate(8O«) --.... . ___ . __ .-.. ....-.....

Chloride (Cl). 

Ftaoride(F)... _. ... __._._

Nitrate (NO») ... _ __ _. _.

Total dissolved solids- .. ______________

PH. . . _________

WeU2

Parts per 

million

40 

3.2 

13 

6.7 

49 

118 

3.7 

46 

.4 

.5 

221 

60 

7.2

Equivalents 

per. million

6.649 

.551 

2.137 

1.934 

.077 

1.297 

.021 

.008

WellS

Parts per 

million

87 

2.2 

1.7 

1.1 

22 

48 

2.6 

5.0 

.4 

7.6 

198 

9 

7.0

Equivalents 

per million

fl.085 

.090 

.949 

.787 

.054 

.141 

.021 

.121

Driller's log, well 8

Bfctf clay and sand.. ____

White sand (water bearing). .

Thickness 

(feet)

15

46

Depth 

(feet)

15

61

Thickness 

(feet)

18

61

Depth 

(feet)

79

140

FREESTONE COUNTY

FATRFEEUD

Population in 1940: 1,047.

Source of information: Vernon Gillin, water superintendent, Apr. 20, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 1 block west of courthouse; drilled in 1935 by LayneTexas Co.; depth, 584 feet; diameter, 13 inches; underreamed to 36 inches and 

gravel packed; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor; static water level, 

148 feet below land surface on Mar. 2, 1935; present yield, 190 gallons a minute,

Pumping test Mar, 2, 19S5

Water level (feet)

148 (static). _ . _____

209.......................

210.-. _-._ _. .......

213-.. ................

Time

7a.m.

10 a. m.

Yield (gallons per 

minute)

335

328

325

322

Water level (feet)

215 .. __. -.. ,_

217--.. . _. 

218.... ..... ...... ..

215 

Time

Yield (gallons per 

minute)

322

322

322

318
94 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

January ______

February.. _ _

March ____ . _

April..............

May... ..i.._. .... .

1040

26,900

29,400

40.600

37,700

40,200

42,600

1941

29,800

31,400

30,400

35,700

39,400

39,500

1942

28,600

26,300

28,700

28,600

30,500

36,400

July-. ..........

1940

49,500

64,800

52,400

42,700

31,600

31,300

1941

46,700

57,900

48,300

39,600

30,800

28,500

1942

48,400

50,600

34,100

34,500

28,700

Storage: Steel ground reservoir, 100,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 263. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected April 1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt and W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiOj) .... ... ... ...

Parts 

per 

million

42

44

19

5.2

39

4.0

149

Equivalents per 

million

0.948

.428

1.702

.102

2.442

Sulfate (SO4). .............

Chloride (Cl) ________ .

Nitrate (NOj) ... ... ... ... .

pH _____ ...............

Parts 

per 

million

8.8

.2

.5

212

69

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.183

.536

.011

.008

Drillers' log, weU 1

Clay __ ...... __ ...... ....

Clay-.... . ..............

Sand and clay ....

Lignite and shale ______

-Shale.... .....................

Sandstone _____ . .........

Bock. .....................

Shale. ............ .......

Shale............ ___ .......

Very hard shale. _ ....... ...

Thickness 

(feet)

1

12

18

15

23

27

6

5

30

6

1

5

1

9

20

6

19

20

4

12

18

9

Depth 

(feet)

1

13

31 ' AR

69

96

102

107

137

143

144

149

150

159

179

185

204

224

228

t)At\

258

267

sand . __ _____ . ....

Sandy shale

Shale .........

Shale. . 

Well finished at 684 feet ...

Thickness 

(feet)

17

24

12

11

2

11

20

10

24

1

5

4

15

2

10

2

7

52

OQ

7

Depth 

<feet)

f

laa

308

320

331

,838

344

364

374

398

399

404

408

423

425

435

437

444

496

595

602

STREETMAN

Population in 1940: 292.

Source of information: J. N. McKissack, water superintendent, Apr. 21, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two impounding reservoirs west of town.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 15,000 to 20,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Settling basin, 40,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 82.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 95

Treatment: Coagulation with lime and alum, sedimentation, filtration through 

two high-pressure filters, and chlorination.

Analysis of finished water 

[Collected Apr. 1,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

.

Silica (SiO»)___.__._.._......_

Iron (Pe)_._ _ . _______

Calcium (Ca)- ___

Magnesium (Mg) ............

Potassium (K) ...............

Hydroxide (OH) ______

Parts 

per 

million

4.6

.10

40

.9

15

4.2

27

8.6

Equivalents per 

million

1 007

.074

.635

.107

Qftfl

.506

Sulfate (804) . - .- -

Chloride fCl)...... .... ... .

Tluoride (F)___.._ ............

Nitrate (NO|) - __ _ ..

Parts 

per 

million

45

16

.2

.5

170

104

8.4

Equivaclentsper 

million

0.937

.451

.011

.008

TEAGUE

Population in 1940: 3,157.

Source of information: B. H. Tyus, plant operator, Apr. 21, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two impounding reservoirs about 1 mile west of town; 

capacity, 210,000,000 and 138,000,000 gallons, respectively.

Pumpage: Average, 320,000 gallons a day in 1942, Of which 165,000 gallons was 

used by railroad.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 135,000 gallons; elevated tank, 175,000 gallons; 

coagulation basin, 180,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 850.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation with the use of alum and soda ash, activated 

carbon, sedimentation, filtration through rapid sand filters, chlorination, and 

treatments of reservoirs occasionally with copper sulfate to reduce algae.

Analysis of finished water 

[Collected April 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]!

Silica (SiOs)..... .... ...

Potassium (K) .. .........

Bicarbonate (HCOs)- -

Parts 

per 

million

1.3

.04

12

4.0

26

6.4

68

. Equivalents per 

million

0.599

.329

1.115 ifii

1.115

Snlfate (SO*).. ............

Chloride (Cl).-.__._... ....

Fluoride (B1)- _ -

Nitrate (N0«)... __ ...

rrVvtal ViaTrliiAflR &.Q fj&.flO«

pH . __ _. -.-..

Parts 

per 

million

19

24

.2

.6

129

46

7.8

Equivalents per

Tfiffl^n

0.396

.677

.011

.008

WORTHAM

Population in 1940: 1,267.

Source of information: B. E. Bounds, water superintendent, Apr. 21, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two impounding reservoirs in the northeast part of. town. 

Pumpage: From 16,000 to 30,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Three ground settling basins, 52,000 gallons each; elevated tank, 

55,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 270.

Treatment: Coagulation with lime and alum, sedimentation, and chlorination.
96 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis of finished water 

[Collected April 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOi) .-..._... .._

Iron (Fe)- __ . ..............

Calcium (Ca)-_- __ . .......

Magnesium (Mg)_ . . . _ . _ .

Sodium (Na)... _______ .

Potassium (K).. ______ .

Bicarbonate (HCOj).. ___ .

Parts 

per 

million

1.4

.04

34

12

13

7.2

129

Equivalents per 

million

1.697

.987

.579

.184

2.115

Sulfate (SO*).................

Chloride (Cl).. _ ............

Fluoride (F) ......... .........

Nitrate (NOj)-. ...........

Total dissolved solids .........

pH .._--...- ..-........

Parts 

per 

million

81

9.0

.3

0

201

134

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

1.062

.254

.016

0

GALVESTON COUNTY

mCKTNSON

Population in 1940: 1,500.

Source of information: Miss Rosa Yedel, secretary, Dickinson Water Works, 

Apr. 20, 1944.

Owner: Dickinson Water Works (Dickinson Ice Ca.). 

Source of supply: Two wells. 

Well 1. Abandoned.

Well 2. Drilled in 1935 by Texas Water Supply Corp.; depth, 576 feet; 

diameter, 6 (?) inches; screens reported from 498 to 519 and 535 to 578 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump and 6-horsepower electric motor; reported yield, 150 

gallons a minute.

Well 3. Drilled in 1936 by Texas Water Supply Corp.; depth, 576 feet; 

diameter, 6 (?) inches; screens reported from 498 to 519 and 535 to 578 feet; 

air lift.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 13,000; maximum, 17,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Elevated steel tank. 

Number of customers: 260. 

Treatment: Chlorination and treatment with copper sulfate.

Analyses

[Dates of collection: Well 1, Mar. 29,1935; well 2, Feb. 20,1939; and well 3, Apr. 20,1944. Analyzed by 

Margaret D. Foster, E. W. Lobr, and J. H. Rowleyl

Silica (SiOi). . - ... 

Bicarbonate (HCOs) ________

Snlfate (SO4)- _ ... ________ .

Chloride (Cl).. ........... __ ...

Fluoride'(F).. -. _..- 

Nitrate (NOi).. ....................

PH......... ........................

Welll

Parts 

per 

million

0.04

5.0 

1.5 

181 

370 

1.7 

75

.6 

447 

19

Equivalents per 

million

0.25 

.12

7.87 

6.06 

.04 

2.12

.10

Well 2

Parts 

per 

million

366 

1

77

.9

16

Equivalents per 

million

6.00 

.02 

2.17

.01

wens

Parts 

per 

million

14 .02-

5.4 

1.3 

185.6 

370 

2 

79 

1.0 

.2 

467 

19 

8.1

Equivalents per 

million

0.27 

.11

a 01

6.07 

.04 

2.23 

.05 

0
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 97 

GAIATESTON

Population in 1940: 60,862.

Source of information: R. W. Owens, water superintendent, and Layne-Texas 

Co.

Ownership: Municipal. 

Source of supply: 14 wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1914 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 840 feet; diameter, 12 

inches; screen from 713 to 815 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 50-horsepower 

electric motor; water level, 86.9 feet below measuring point on May 5, 1944.

Well 2. Drilled in 1914 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 855 feet; diameter, 12 

inches; screens from 724 to 754 and 762 to 846 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 50-horsepower motor; water level, 89.4 feet below measuring point on 

May 5, 1944.

Well 3. Drilled in. 1916 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 866 feet; diameter, 12 

inches; screen from 723 to 856 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 50-horsepower 

electric motor; water level, 88 feet below measuring point on Apr. 18, 1944 

(air-line measurement).

Well 4. Drilled in 1916 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 873 feet; diameter, 12 

inches; screen from 714 to 857 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 35-horsepower 

electric motor; water level below 80 feet on Apr. 18, 1944.

Well 5. Drilled in 1916 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 888 feet; diameter, 12 

inches; screen from 714 to 867 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 50-horsepower 

electric motor.

Well 6. Drilled in 1922 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 850 feet; diameter, 12 

inches; screen from 744 to 844 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 50-horsepower 

electric motor; water level, 80 feet below measuring point on Nov. 30, 1943 

(air-line measurement).

Well 7. Drilled in 1927 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 843 feet; diameter, 24 

to 12 inches; screen from 739 to 840 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 60- 

horsepower electric motor; water level, 49.4 feet below measuring point on 

June 24, 1939.

Well 8. Drilled in 1935 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 884 feet; diameter, 20 

inches; underreamed and graveled; screen from 703 to 884 feet; deep-well 

turbine pump and 150-horsepower electric motor; water level, 79.1 feet 

below measuring point on Apr. 18, 1944.

Well 9. Drilled in March 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 764 feetj 

diameter, 18% inches; underreamed to 30-inch diameter; screen from 669 to 

761 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 75-horsepower electric motor; reported 

yield, 1,002 gallons a minute with draw-down of 53 feet.

Well 10. Drilled in March 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 766 feet; 

diameter, 18% inches; underreamed to 30-inch diameter and graveled; 

screen from 646 to 767 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 75-horsepower 

electric motor; water level, 69.0 feet below measuring point on May 18, 1943; 

reported yield, 1,025 gallons a minute with draw-down of 45 feet.

Well 11. Drilled in April 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 794 feet; 

diameter, 18% inches; underreamed to 30-inch diameter and graveled; screen 

from 656 to 767 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 75-horsepower electric 

motor; water level, 80.7 feet below measuring point on May 18,1943; reported 

yield, 1,012 gallons a minute with draw-down of 49 feet.

Well 12. Drilled in April 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 781 feet; 

diameter, 18% inches; underreamed to 30-inch diameter and graveled; screen 

from 636 to 776 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 75-horsepower electrie 

motor; water level, 112.0 feet below measuring point on Apr. 18, 1944;
98 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

yield, 1,390 gallons a minute with draw-down of 50.7 feet after 24 hours of 

pumping.

Well 13. Drilled in June 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 810 feet; 

diameter, 18^ inches; underreamed to 30-inch diameter and graveled; screen 

from 640 to 763 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 75-horsepower electric 

motor; water level, 72.4 feet below measuring point on May 18,1943; reported 

yield, 1,040 gallons a minute with draw-down of 34 feet.

Well 14. Drilled in July 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 805 feet; 

diameter, 18% inches; underreamed to 30-inch diameter and graveled; screen 

from 661 to 775 feet; water level, 96.3 feet below measuring point on May 22, 

1944; reported yield, 1,040 gallons a minute with 30 feet draw-down.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

1930

4,686,000

1035

4,667,000

1940

6,929,000

1941

8,063,000

1942

7,168,000

1943

9,947,000

Storage: Six concrete surface reservoirs, two of 4,000,000 gallons each, two of 

3,000,000 gallons each, two of 1,781,000 gallons each; steel standpipe, 625,000 

gallons.

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected May 27,1S43. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) .......... .-..... --..- .-....

Magnesium tMg)_. ................. . .... .......

potjft^liim (it)

Bicarbonate (fiCOs) _________________

Sultote (SO4) ~~ 

Chloride (Cl)... . _ . _____ ....... _ .........

Fluoride (F).. .....-......_..___.....-... .....I.

Nitrate (NOa) ..... ... _ ...- . _ ... .

pH , .. . .. ..- 

Welli

Parts per 

million

23 

.05 

17 

5.2

} 271

322 

2 

272 

.7 

1.0 

760 

64 

8.1

Equivalents 

per million

0.83 

.43

11.77

5.28 

.04 

7.67 

.04 

.02

Well 2

Parts per 

million

26 

.03 

13 

3.8

241

346 

2 

202 

.8 

0 

670 

48 

8.2

Equivalents 

per million

0.65 

.31

10.49

6.67 

.04 5.70" 

.04 

0

[Collected May 27,1943, and Aug. 6,1941. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley and W. W. Bastings]

Silica (SUM ..... ... . . ..-..

Iron (Fe). ---.... -_ . ...... _.._.___.. 

Magnesium (Mg) __________________

Bicarbonate {HCOs), _____________ . __

Sulfate (SCW . . .. ._ -_...

Chloride (Cl)_.._:_.._..... ........................

Fluoride(F).. ___ . _ .... _ . __ .. ___ ...

Nitrate (NOs) ......... __ . _ ..

Total hardness as CaCOs _____________

PH _ __ __ ____ .

WellS

Parts per 

million

18 

.06

67 

18

} 610

328 

3

746 

.4 

1.0 

1,660 

216 

8.0

Equivalents 

per million

2.86 

1.48 

22.16

5.38 

.06 

21.01 

.02 

.02

Well 4

Parts per 

million

26 

.16 

51 

17

478

340 

2 

676 

,7 

2.5. 

1,420 

198

Equivalents 

per million

2.65 

1.40-

20.78

8.57 

.04 

19.04 

.04 

.04
PUBLIC .WATEK SUPPLIES

Analyses Continued 

tCollected May 27,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiOa) ...... ...

Iron(Fe) __ .. ____ ... _ . ____ ..........

Calcium (Ca) ____________________

Magnesium (Mg) __________________

Sodium (Na) __ , __ . __ . ...... _ ... ___ .

Bicarbonate (HCOj). ________________

Sulfate(SOi)-. .... .......... ........ ...........

Chloride(Cl) . _ ......

Fluoride(F)- ..__._._-..._...._..__

Nitrate(N03)--- .. 

Total hardness as CaCOs- _ ____________

pH ._..... . . ..

Silica,(Si08) .... .-.. .. .___-._.

IronOPe) . _ ... _________ .. _ . ___ .

Calcium (Ca)-. ___ . ______ . _______ .

Magnesium (Mg) ______ , _____ .........

Sodium and potassium (Na+K).. _________

Sulfate (S04)- ___ ______ . _ 

Chloride (Cl)_ ........ __ ...... _ . _ .. __ .....

Fluoride(F). ......_...._........___..__

Nitrate (N0») ...... _ . __ . _ . ____ ......

pH. _______________ ....

Wells

Parts per 

million

28 

.06 

46 

14

| 469

335 

2 

648 

.5 

.2 

1,380 

172 

8.0

Equivalents 

per million

2.30 

1.15 

20.39

5.49 

.04 

18.28 

.03 

0

Well?

Parts per 

million

23 

.08 

33 

11 

393 

332 

2 

 600 

.6 

1.0 

1,450 

128 

8.2

Equivalents 

per million

1.65 

.90 

17.08 

.6.44 

.04 

14.10 

.03 '.02

Well 6

Parts per 

million

25 

.06 

23

7.2

317

331 

2 

365

.7 

.8 

908 

 87 

8.4

Equivalents 

per million

1.15 

.69

13.80 

5.43 

.04 

10.01 

.04 

,02

WellS

Parts per 

million

18 

.08 

46 

15 

602 

332 

3 

702 

.5 

1.0 

1,460 

176 

7.9

Equivalents 

per million

2.30 

1.23 

21.82 

5.44 

.04 

19.80 

.03 

.02

[Collected May 28,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiOn).. ...................................

Iron(Fe). - . ..................................

Calcium (Ca).- . _ .... __ ... ________

Magnesium (Mg) __________________

Sodium (N») . . . ...... ...... ,. . ........ .... ...

PotasalWL(K)-- ____ .......... _ ...........

BicarbtMfe (HCOs) __ - ______________ -

Sulfate (SO*) 

Chloride(Cl)-.....-.-.-.. ..... ............ .

Fluoride(F).. .....................................

Nitrate (NOs) . . .. ........... .....

PH. ....:... ..................... ............

Well 9

Parts per 

million

25 

.09 

19

6.5

} 248

352 

2 

224

.7 

.8 

711 

70 

8.0.

Equivalents 

per million

0.95 

.45

10.78

5.77 

.04 

6.32 

.04 

,d

Well 10

Parts per 

million

25 

.04 

12 

3.6

208

347 

2 

148

.8 

0 

576 

45

8.2

Equivalents 

per million

0.60 

.30 

9.04

5.69 

.04 

4.17 

.04 

0

PUNNING
100 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analyses Continued 

{Collected May 27 and 28, 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOs) 

Iron (Fe) . _____________________

Calcium (Ca) __________________

Sodium and potassium (Na+K) __________

Bicarbonate (HCOs) _______________

SuIfate(SO4) 

Chloride (Cl)... 

Fluoride(F). ............... .......................

Nitrate (NO3) .: ..... . 

Total dissolved solids.. _______________

pH-.. 

Well 11

Parts per 

million

24 

.12 

17 

4.8 

261 

338 

3 

245 

.9 

1.2 

728 

62 

8.2

Equivalents 

per million

0.85 

.39 

11.34 

6.54 

.06 

6.91 

.05 

.02

Well 12

Parts per 

million

24 

.04 

13

3.7 

198 

347 

2 

134 

.6 

0 

£57 

48 

8.5

Equivalents 

per million

0.65 

.30 

8. 56 

5.69 

.04 

3.78 

.03 

0

[Collected July 3, 1942, and May 28, 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley and Southwestern Laboratories]

Silica (SiOi)-. . 

Bicarbonate (HCOs) ________________ -

Sulfate (SO4) 

Chloride(Cl).. ... _ ... 

Fluoride (F) _ ................. __ .........

Nitrate (NOa) 

pH . ...................... ....................

Well 13

Parts per 

million

26 

.09 

16 

4.6 

196 

332 

2 

170 

.8 

0 

594 

59 

8.5

Equivalents 

per million

0.80 

.38 

8.53 

5.44 

.04 

4.79 

.04 

0

Well 14

Parts per 

million

28 

.25 

32 

11 

259 

336 

1.8 

294

809 

96 

8.0

Equivalents 

per million

1.60 

.90 

11.27 

6. .61 

.04 

8.29

Drillers' logs 

WeUl

Soil 

Clay.. 

Clay 

Clay 

Clay 

Thickness 

(feet)

2

4

5

59

10

10

41

61

54

Depth 

(feet)

2

6

11

70

80

90

131

192

246

Clay.. 

Sand 

Clay-.. _ 

Clay. . ...

Thickness 

(feet)

42

19

58

47,

12

291

102

23

Depth *M

288

307

365

412

424

716

817

840

Well 2

Soil 

Sand- ______ __ 

Clay.. 

Sand _ .---. _ ..... 

Clay...... ....... ......

Sand...-..-.-.. _ _------ .

Clay........ ....... ..........

2

13

6

48

14

8

15

22

8

374

2

15

21

69

83

91

106

128

136

510

Sand. _____ . _ . 

Clay

Sand. _ ... _ __ .

Clay... . ... ... ......

Sand. 

Clay.. 

13

68

26

58

46

32

9

83

10

523

591

617

675

721

753

762

845

855
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 101

Drillers' logs Continued 

Well 3

Sand 

Clay.. . _. 

Thickness 

(feet)

10

8

58

10

44

50

26

10

20

Depth 

(feet)

10

18

76

86

130

180

206

216

236

Soft clay...... _ _ .... _ ......

Thickness 

(feet)

68

46

151

10

184

2

30

133

6

Depth 

(feet)

304

350

501

511

695

697

727

860

866

Well 4

10

123

118

48

137

10

133

251

299

436

21

230

25

145

16

/

457

687

714

857

873

Well 5

Sand ___ -... _ -- - _ ...

Clay........-.. -u.. .......

Sand-. .......................

Sand ________ - . . 

Clay.. .

16

12

12

39

20

26

17

16

28

01

43

82

102

128

145

Clay......... ....... .... ..

Clay. .

Clay-.... ....... ........ -

Sand __ 

Clay........ .................

6

277

17

138

27

95

167

16

151

428

445

583

610

705

872

888

Well 7

Soil.................. ......... 3

99

23

116

161

10

3

125

241

402

412

Soft clay _______ . ...... 312

44

29

141

4

625

669

698

839

843

'

Well 8

Soil... ......... .. ........ 

Shale-.. _ 

2

180

18

140

25

16

29

28

17

62

2

182

200

340

365

381

410

438

455

517

33

76

21

78

12

68

84

91

20

550

626

647

725

737

805

889

980

1,000

Well 9

Clay---- ................ r .

Sand and clay__ .............

Sand.-...--.-. ____ .-- _ -

Clay.--.-. ____ . _ .... _ .

Sandy clay ...................

Clay............. .........

30

10

10

39

32

35

15

16

24

82

15

16

30

40

50

89

121

156

171

187

211

293

308

324

Clay- -

Sand ____ - __ . ..........

Sand __ . _________ 

Clay-.... ..... ....... .....

Clay..... 

17

27

26

38

36

82

11

45

28

29

98

3

341

368

394

432

468

550

561

606

634

663

761

764

754993 4S
102 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs Continued 

Well 10

Sand 

Sand.. _ ........ __ . __ ..

Sandy shale and layers of

Sandy shale

37 

5 

31 

24 

11 

5 

15 

21

25 

25

68 

16

7

52 

57 

88 

112 

123 

128 

143 

164

189 

214 

272 

288 

295

Sand, sandy shale, and shellShale with sandy shale breaks. 

Sand with sticky shale breaks. 

Sticky shale with sand breaks. 

Sticky shale and sandy shell13 

18 

11 

7 

23 

19 

8 

68 

38 

60 

22 

125 

3

374 

392 

403 

410 

433 

452 

460 

528 

666 

616 

638 

763 

766

Well 11

Clay 

Sand and clay Clay-. . . -

Clay and layers of sand. 

12 12 

138 160 

12 162 

44 206 

300 506 

24 530 

46 675 

62 627

Clay ___ .... ..

Clay 

38 

80 

4 

22 

11 

9 

3

665 

745 

749 

771 

782 

791 

794

Well 12

Black soU ..... ..... ... .....

Clay. ..... _ ....

Gray san<f . 

Sand

Sand and clay streaks

2 

4 

69 

49 

10 

13 

65 

80

2 

6 

75 

124 

134 

147 

212 

292

Clay... ....... ... ....... 30 

62 

118 

52 

62 

38 

133 

4

322 

384 

502 

554 

606

777 

781

Well 13

Black soU. ............

Clay- . ...... ... ....

Clay: 

Sandy clay _______

Sand . . _

Clay. 

Sand _ _ 

Shale. .

,SaMyshale~wIth sand breaks. 

Shale and layers of sand ___ 

Shale ,. 

Sand... ______ . ........

2 

6 

20 

36 

22 

18 

55 

11 

20 

64 

22 

20 

11 

24 

16

2

8 

28 

64 

86 

104 

169 

170 

190 

264 

276 

296 

307 

331 

347

Hard sand, shale, and shell 

Sand... _ .... ... _ ..

Shale and 'layers of sand and 

shell.. 

Sand and layers of shell. __ 

Sticky shale with layers of

Clay- __ -

15 

5 

2 

29 

3 

9 

28 

42

74 

14

73 

162 

7

362 

367 

369 

, 398 

401

, 438 

480

'554 

568

641 

803 

810
PUBLIC WATER £UPPLIES - 103

Drillers' logs Continued

Well 14

Clay............-.., .....

Sand. . .......... ...

Sand with streaks: of shale

Hard shale

Hard shale with streaks of

Thickness 

(feet)

5

11

25

45

35

51

17

11

19

17

5

44

98

29

Depth 

(feet)

5

16

41

86

121

172

ISO

200

219

236

241

285

383

412

Clay with sand breaks.... _ .

Hard shale with sand and

Hard shale with sand and

Hard sand with shale breaks..

Thickness 

(feet)

114

20

54

5

11

12

15

11

12

11

23 

98

7

, Depth 

(feet)

526

546

600

605

616

628

643

654

666

677

700 

798

805

KEMAH

Population in 1940: 550.

Source of information: H. T. James, owner, Apr. 7, 1944.

Owner: H. T. James.

^Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. DriJted in 1938 by Charles Ellis;> depth, 605 feet; diameter, 6 to 4

inches; deep-wellturbine pump; static water level, 32.3 feet below measuring

point Mar. 21, 1939.

Well 2. Drilled in 1939 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 690 feet;

diameter, 6 to 4 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 5-horsepower electric

motor; reported yield, 90 gallons a minute; temperature, 74° P. 

'Storage: Three steel surface tanks, 6,000 1,000, and 500 gallons. 

Number of customers:? J.60 to 170. 

TredfMtafint: Periodic cMorination.

Dates of collection: Well 1, Mar. 21,1939, and Well 2, Apr. 7,1944. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr and J. B

Rowley]

BflicaiSiOi)-- .-. . . - ....-.-

Calcium GOa*-,~~ ~-~ -~ ~- .................. ...

 Magnesium (Mg) ..................................

Sodium (Na). _ ..< _____ . .....................

Potassium (K)....- ___ ......... _ . __ .... _ ..

Bicarbonate (HCOs). ____ . ___________

Sulfate (804) ................. ................ ...

Chloride (Cl). .... ...-.....-....................

Fluoride(F).. _..._.._.,._ .<____._ ................

Nitrate (NOs)- -.. . 

Total dissolved solids. .. ...........................

Welll

Parts per 

million

416 

1 

96

63

Equivalents 

per million

6.82 

.02 

2.71

Well 2

Parts per 

million

14 

.11 

12 

3.9 

215 

3.4 

398 

2 

133 

.6 

0 

600 

46

Equivalents 

per million

0.60 

.32 

9.33 

.09 

6.52 

.04 

3.75 

.03 

0

FILES 

HYDROLOGY
104 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

JLAMARQUE

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: G. R. Westerlage, water superintendent, Apr. 19, 1944. 

Owner: Galveston County Water Control & Improvement District No. 3. 

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1940 by H. H. Ellis; depth about 500 feet; equipped 

with deep-well turbine pump; stand-by well.

Well 2. Drilled in 1943 by Texas Water Supply Corp.; never used because 

of excessive yield of sand; water level, 75.1 feet below measuring point on 

Apr. 19, 1944, while well 3 was pumping.

Well 3. About 50 feet southeast of well 2; drilled in August 1943 by 

Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 708 feet; underreamed to 30-inch diameter and 

graveled; vertical slotted screen from 578 to 610 feet and 665 to 700 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump; reported yield, 300 gallons a minute with drawdown of 53 feet after 48 hours of pumping.

Storage: Concrete surface reservoir, 100,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 400. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well S

[Collected Apr. 19,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOs) ____ - _ . __ .

Calcium (Ca) __ - ...

Sodium. (Na)_ ....

Bicarbonate (HCOs) .........

Parts 

per 

million

15 

.50

7.7 

2.2 

265 

3.4 

430

Equivalents per 

million

0.38 

.18 

11.53 

.09 

7.05

Sulfate (SOi) ....... .......

Chloride (Cl}_._ _ _ _._.

Fluoride (F)...... ........ Nitrate (NO3) __ - __ . _ -

Total hardness as Ca 0s __ 

pH- - - -

Parts 

per 

million

2

178 

1.0 

1.2 

698 

28

Equivalents per 

million

0.04 

5.02 

.05 

.02

Drillers' log, well S

Soil--. . - .

Clay- ... ... 

Thickness 

(feet)

5

17

14

30

17

8

14

62

14

98

34

3

12

37

69

19

Depth 

<feet)

5

22

36

66

83

91

105

167

181

279

313

316

328

365

434

453

Thickness 

(feet)

12

10

8

12

7

50

31

24

7

23

13

6

12

39

1

Depth 

(feet)

465

475 4sa

495

502

552

583

607

614

637

650

656

668

707

70S

:LEAOUE cmr

Population in 1940: 800. 

Source of information: Mrs. Salmon.

Owner: Galveston County Water Control & Improvement District No. 1. 

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1940 by Layne-Texas Co.; dtepth, 701 feet; 

diameter, 8 inches; screen from 617 to 692 feet; deep-well turbine pouoap and 10-
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 105

horsepower electric motor; static water level, 50 feet below measuring point 

May 27, 1940; reported yield, 150 gallons a minute with draw-down of 14 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): 20,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 55,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 185 to 200.

Treatment: Periodic chlorination.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected July 24,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiOj)._ .. .

Iron (Fe) . ____ . __ ...

Calcium (Ca)._ _______

Sodium (Na) _

Bicarbonate (HCOs)--. 

Parts 

per 

million

22

.01

8.9

3.4

} 242

344

Equivalents per 

million

0.44

.28

10.53

5.64

»

Sulfate (S<>4)~ _ * __ -

Chloride (Cl)__ ...

Fluoride (F).......... ........

Nitrate (NO3) 

Parts 

per 

million

3

195

.9

0

633

36

Equivalents per 

million

0.06

5.50

.05

0

Drillers' log, well 1

Sand _____________

Clay... .. _ . _ .

Sandy clay and shell _____

Sandy blue shale and shell--

Fine-grained sand with thin

shale breaks ________

Shale and shell ________

TMckness 

(feet)

1

19

4

22

38

15

30

12

6

34

17

5

42

Depth 

(feet)

1

20

24

46

84

99

129

141

147

181

198

203

245

Shell ... 

Shale ..... .

Thickness 

(feet)

45

114

20

14

2ft

37

32

27

18

43

75

8

3

Depth 

(feet)

290

404

424

438

45S

495

527

554

572

615

690

698

701

TEXAS CITY

Population in 1940: 5,748.

Source of information: Community Public Service Co., Layne-Texas Co.

Owner: Community Public Service Co.

Source of supply: Pour, wells.,

Well 2. Drilled in 1913 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 783 feet; diameter, 

8 inches; screens from 685 to 706 feet and 724 to 765 feet; had flow of 72,000 

gallons a day when drilled; ceased flowing in 1915; deep-well turbine pump 

and electric motor; temperature, 81° F.

Well 5. Drilled in 1937 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 772 feet; diameter, 

16 to S% inches; screens from 503 to 513, 544 to 559, 637 to 652, 675 to 699, 

and 732 to 764 feet; underreamed to 30-inch diameter and graveled; deepwell turbine pump set at 140 feet, and 25-horsepower electric motor; water 

line, 69 feet below measuring point on Aug. 7, 1941; reported yield, 440 

gallons a minute with draw-down of 57 feet.

Well 6. Drilled in 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 764 feet; diameter, 

20 and 10% inches; screens from 551 to 572 and 675 to 759 feet; sands underreamed to 30-inch diameter and graveled; deep-well turbine pump set at
106 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

190 feet and 40-horsepower electric motor; water level, 100 feet below measuring point on Jan. 24, 1942; reported yield, 500 gallons a minute with drawdown of 60 feet.

Well 7. Drilled in 1944 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 780 feet; diameter, 

20 and 1Q% inches; screens from 548 to 569 and 685 to 769 feet; sands underreamed to 30-inch diameter and graveled; deep-well turbine pump set at 

240 feet and 50-horsepower electric motor; water level, 103 feet below measuring point Feb. 22, 1944; reported yield, 350 gallons a minute with draw-down 

of 79 feet.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

1930

106,400

1035

128,600

1940

253,000

1941

320,600

1912

402,400

1943

513, 100

Storage: Concrete surface reservoir, 480,000 gallons; elevated steel tank, 

100,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 2,065 in March 1944. 

Treatment: Chlorirtation.

Analyses 

[Dates of collection: Feb. 21,1939, and Feb. 10,1943. Analyzed by E. W. Lobr and J. H. EowleyJ

Silica (SiOj)-. _________ ... ... . . .

Calcium (Oa) ____________________

Sodium (Na). ____________________

Potassium (K) ____________________

Sulfate(SO4)~ . ~

Chloride (Cl>.......... __ ._.__.__._-..._..__....

Flttoride (F). ____________________

Nitrate (NOs) --..-...... ..... _. . . .

pH - .-...-.-........._.._ ......_....._....-._

Well 2

Parts per 

million

503 

1 

250

.0 

821 

41

Equivalents 

per million

8.25 

.02 

7.05

.00

WellS

Parts per 

million

18 

.03 

7.0 

2.5

} 322

490 

1 

228 

1.0 

.5

see

28 

8.0

Equivalents 

per million

0.35 

.21

13.98

8.03 

.02 

6.43 

.05 

.01

[Dates of collection: Apr. 14,1944, and July 1944. Analyzed by M. L. Begley and J. H. Bowley]

Silica (SiOj) ________ .. ..... __ ........

Iron (Fe)...._ _ . __ ....... ...

Calcium (Caj.... _ ... __ .. __ . ___ .....

Sulfate (SOi) ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Chloride (Cl).. ....... -............ ..,.... - ...

Flnoride(F). ..................................

Nitrate (NOs) ................ ....

pH. .. .....-......-................ ........-..

Welle

Parts per 

million

6.1 

2.0

} 309

485 

2 

210

.0

778 

23

Equivalents 

per million

x

0.30 

.16

13.45

7.95 

.04 

5.92

n .60

Well?

Parts per million

19 

.15 

8.0 

3.1 

/ 306 

1 6.6 

366 

2 

285 

1.0 

.5 

834 

33 

7.8

Equivalents 

per million

0.40 

.26 

18.32 

.17 

6.00 

.04

a 04

.05 

.01
PUBLIC WATEE StTPPLIES 107

Drillers' logs 

Well 2

Sand... ___ . ________

Clay

Sand... ____ . ______

Clay.........................

Thickness 

(feet)

12

68

8

4n

302

118

Depth 

(feet)

12

80

88

128

430

548

Thickness 

(feet)

9

24

105

36

9

44

17

Depth 

(feet)

572

677

713

722

766

783

Well 5

Soil.........;.................

Sand. .....................

Sandy clay

Sand. ____ . ___ . ___ .

Sandy shale _________

Shale.

Sand .

Sandy shale. _________

Sand........................

Sandy shale _________

Tough shale. ________

Sandy shale . _____

14

36

43

8

52

79

10

71

12

33

14

93

14

50

93

101

153

232

242

313

325 358-

372

465

14

58

29

43

7

21

21

5

47

10

45

7

479

537

566

609

616

637

658

663

710

720

765

772

Well 6

Clay 

Clay

Sand. ... __ ... __ ...

Clay ..... 

Sand... __ ___ ....

Clay _

Sand _ . ________ 

Shale- __ ___ ......

Sand... ... ........ ....

Shale and sand ..... ........

Shale.-...- _________

Sandy shale

Sand 

Shale and layers of shell __

Shale and sand breaks ____

11

48

23

28

34

6

74

22

26

10

27

5

21

9

15

29

10

ir

59

so

110

144

150

224

246

272

282

309

314

335

344

'388

90S

47

13

4

10

6

20

42

27

5

4

61

15

19

30

8

to

5

44S

458

462

472

478

498

540

567

572

576

637

652

671

701

709

' 7fi9

764

Well?

Clay 

Clay... . .

Sand....-......... .......

Clay. ._ ,

Sand and shell ________

Sand, shale, shell _______

Shale 

Sandy shale _________

Shale and sand _

Shale... __ .......

Sand and shale _______

Sand . .........

Tough shale _ ,. _______

11

50

21

29

109

26

18

8

10

20

10

32

44

9

54

6

11

61

82

111

220

246

264

282

302

312

344

388

397

451

457

Sand.. 

Shale 

Sand. 

5-

15

49

12

27

55

16

10

15

5

14

17

8

66

9

462

477

526

538

565

620

636

646

661

666

680

697

706

771

780
108 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

TEXAS CITY HEIGHTS

Population in 1940 (estimated): 1,600.

Source of information: R. W. Palmer, water superintendent, Apr. 14, 1944. 

Owner: Galveston County Water Control and Improvement District No. 4. 

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. Drilled by H. H. Ellis in 1938; depth reported, 400 feet; deepwell turbine pump and 5-horsepower electric motor; reported yield, 25 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1940 by H. H. Ellis; depth, 486 feet; diameter, 4 inches; 

screen from 473 to 486 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 3-horsepower electric motor; static water level reported, 96 feet below surface in October 

1942; reported yield, 60 gallons a minute; temperature, 77° F.

Well 3. Drilled in 1944 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 707 feet; diameter, 

8 to 4 inches; screens from 470 to 513 and 656 to 698 feet; deep-well turbine 

pump; static water level reported, 122 feet below measuring point on Apr. 

27, 1944.

Pumpage (estimated): 120,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Two wooden surface reservoirs, 20,000 gallons each; elevated tank, 

50,000 gallons.

Number of customers (estimated): 400. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analyses

[Dates of collection: Dec. 15,1938, Mar. 10,1943. and Oct. 7,1944. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr and

J. H. Rowley]

SiUea(Si02)- 

Calcium (Ca) __________

Magnesium (Mg) __________

Sodinm, potassium (Na+K) __ _

Bicarbonate (.BOOs). ________

StflfateCSOi)---. __________

Chloride (01) -... ....

Fluoride(F) ....... ___ . _ ....

Nitrate (NOi). . . ____ .....

Total dissolved solids. ..............

pH - .-.-_.--_. .-.. .

Welll

Parts 

per 

million

586 

1 

173

3.6 

791 

24

Equivalents per 

million

9.61 

.02 

4.88

.05

Well 2

Parts 

per 

million

7.0 

3.8 

330 

611 

1 

175

.05 

818 

33

Equivalents per 

million

0.35 

.31 

14.33 

10.02 

.02 

494

.01

Well 3

Parts 

per 

million

17 

.05

7.2 

2.7 

323 

544 

2 

197 

.6 

.2 

822 

29 

8.0

Equivalents per 

million

0.36 

.22 

13.97 

8.92 

.04 

5.56 

.03 

.00

Drillers' log, well 8

Clay 

Sand _ . _ _ . ___ . ...

Clay.... ... ... ... ... ...

Sand _ . _____ __ . _

Clay....- ... ... ... ... ... .

Clay . ...

Clay.- ... ..... ... ..... ...

Clay with sand layers ____

Thickness 

(feet)

2

23

10

9

10

38

8

80

40

25

01

4

35

5

Depth 

(feet)

25

35

44

54

92

100

180

99ft

245

276

280

315

320

O1at7

Shale... .. ....

Thickness 

(feet)

6011

9

40

73

19

14

33

46

12

15

46

9

Depth

. (feet)

380

391

400

440

513

532

546

579

625

6S7

698

707
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 109

GB-AYSON COUNTY

BBLIJS

Population in 1940: 454.

Source of information: J. J. Hogan, water superintendent, Feb. 23, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1936 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 710 feet; 

diameter, 7 to 4J4 inches; screen from 678 to 707 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

7-horsepower electric motor, 20-stage pump, bottom of suction pipe at 266 feet; 

static water level, 200 feet below land surface on May 7, 1936; yield, 54 gallons 

a minute with drawdown of 32 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 15,000 gallons; minimum, 10,000 gallons; 

average, 12,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

- Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 23,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Kowleyl

Silica (SiOa) ... ... .......

Iron (Fe) ___________

Calcium (Ca)~ ~

Parts 

per 

million

13

.05

.6

147

2.4

324

Equivalents per 

million

0.05

.05

6.40

.06

5

00

Sulfate (SO4) . Chloride (Cl).__.._. . ... ...

Fluoride (F)_... . _ .......

Nitrate (NO3) -

pH_. _.. ._ . .

Parts 

per 

million

40

13

.8

.2

391

5

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

0.83

.37

.04

.00

Drillers' log, well 1

Oi&y. ........................

Sand _____________

Hard shale

Hard shale.. _________

Boulders and hard shale __

Shale - ,..

Thickness 

(feet)

27

4

19

1R4.

18

117

1

7

24

20 

11

20

Depth 

(feet)

27

31

50

252

369

370

377

401

421

432

4Q7

457

Shale .. __ ... ____ .

Hard sandy shale and lime...

Thickness 

(feet)

5

11

1

46

2

48

20

16

15

30

23

31

5

Depth , 

(feet)

462

473

474

520

522

570

690

606

621

651 

674

705

710

Population in 1940: 653.

Source of information: J. L. Pearson, water superintendent, Feb. 22, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1928; depth, about 800 feet; diameter, 6 or 

8 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 10-horsepower electric motor; pump set 

at 350 feet; static water level, 200 feet below land surface; yield, 25 gallons a 

minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 20,000 gallons^ minimum, 15,000 gallons a 

day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 90.

Treatment: None.
110 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

DENISON

Population in 1940: 15,581.

Source of information: B. H. Barnhill, Feb. 24, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir about 2 to 3 miles northwest of city; 

area, about 280 acres; average depth, about 20 feet; drainage area of creek supplying the lake, about 14 square miles.

Pumpage: Maximum, 3,000,000 gallons; minimum, 1,800,000 gallons; average, 

2,500,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Standpipe, 1,000,000 gallons.

Treatment: Coagulation with ferric sulfate and lime, sedimentation, rapid 

sand filter, and chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected Feb. 24,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Silica(SiOj). . _...

Calcium (Ca) ____________________

Sodium (Na) ..... ..... ...... _ .. _ . _____

Bicarbonate (HCOi) _____________ . .....

Sulfete (804) ....... .... ..... ... 

Chloride (Cl).. .

Fluoride(F)_. __ . ____ . ____ . __ .........

Nitrate (NO>) ...... ________ ... ___ .....

Total hardness as CaCOt ______________

pH . . ..........

Raw water

Parts per 

million

4.6 

.08 

44 

6.3 

4.9 

4.8 

138 

18 

13 

.8 

.2 

184 

136 

7.8

Equivalents 

per million

2.196 

.518 

.212 

.123 

2.262 

.375 

.367 

.042 

.003

Finished water

Parts per 

million

2.6 

.05 

35 

5.9

} 8.2

100 

25 

13 

1.0 

.5 

155 

112 

7.6

Equivalents 

per million

1.747 

.485

.355

1.639 

.520 

.367 

.053 

.003

GUNTER

Population in 1940: 481.

Source of information: Mrs. H. H. Cunningham, owner, Feb. 22, 1943. 

Ownership: Private.

Source of supply: Well drilled about 1904; depth reported, about 1,000 feet; 

diameter, unknown; deep-well turbine pump and Ford V-8 motor. 

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 22,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Silica (SiO2) ... .... .... ... .

Sodium (Na) ..... ....

Potassium (K)_. .............

Bicarbonate (HCOj) .........

Parts 

per 

million

13

.06

1.6

.7

308

3.0

733

Equivalents per 

million

0.08

.06

13.40

.08

12.01

SuHate (SO*) . _

Chloride (Cl).... ____ .....

Fluoride (F)...... _ ......

Nitrate (NO») ..... ...

pfl ... ... ... ... ..... .... 

Parts 

per 

million

63

13

1.6

3.5

7

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

1.10

.37

.08

.06
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 111

HOWE

Population in 1940: 546.

Source of information: Observation, Feb. 23, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal. 

Source of supply: Well near elevated tank.

Storage: Steel surface reservoir, about 20,000 gallons; elevated tank, about 

5,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 23,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Sflica (8iOj)- 

Calcium (Ca). ...............

Magnesium (Ms)

Sodium (Na> ............

Bicarbonate (HCOS) __ - _ .

Parts 

per 

million

10 

.03

2.1 

.8 

365 

4.0 

746

Equivalents per 

million

0.10 

.07 

15.87 

.10 

12.22

Sulfate (BOO 

Chloride (Cl)............. .

Fluoride (F)..... . ..

Nitrate (NOs)... 

'Fnfftl H ificnltriwl enllHQ

Total hardness as CaCOs .... . 

PH.......... . _.

Parts 

million

135 

35 

1.3 

3.0 

939 

8 

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

2.81 

.99 

.07 

.05

SBTBRMAN

Population in 1940: 17,156.

Source of information: Roscoe Russell, water superintendent, Feb. 24, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Nine wells in northwest part of city.

Well 1. Drilled in 1921 by B. J. Harper; depth, 2,100± feet (original 

depth, 2,366 feet, but highly mineralized water was encountered and well 

was plugged back); diameter, 8 inches; deep-well turbine pump and electric 

motor; yield, 300 gallons a minute with pumping level at 292 feet on Apr. 2, 

1942, (Simultaneous pumping of wells 1 and 2, pumping level 362 feet).

Well 2. Drilled before 1923 by the Texas Tool & Tong Co., Inc.; depth, 

2,146 feet; diameter, 12 to 8 inches; deep-well turbine pump and electric 

motor; pump set at 420 feet; static water level, 297 feet below land surface 

on Aug. 14, 1941; yield, 500 gallons a minute with pumping level at 385 

feet in February 1939.

Wells 3 to 9. Drilled before 1923; depth, from 770 to 790 feet; one well has 

deep-well turbine pump, four have air lift, and two have pump jacks; static 

water level reported, from 280 to 300 feet below land surface in 1943; turbine 

pump yields 3Q0,gallo&s a minute.

Pumpage: Maximum, 1,600,000 gallons; minimum, 1,250,000 gallons; average, 

1,400,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 1,500,000 gallons; elevated tank, 750,000 

gallons; standpipe, 280,000 gallons. 

Treatment: None.
112 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analyses

[Collected Feb. 24,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

8mea.(SlO3)--... ...................................

Iron (Fe) _________________________

Calcium (Ca)__ ___________________

Magnesium (Mg). _________________ . ...

Sodium (Na) . ____________________

Potassium (K)._ __________________ ...

SulfateCSOO- _________ - __________

Chloride (Cl).....- ._....... .. ....._.. ..

Fluoride(F)... -._...-_. ._.._...-_ ._......__.

Nitrate(NOs)- . _ . .... .

Total dissolved solids.. ________________

pH.~ -.....--._-..._.___.-.. ..._..._......_.

Well!

Parts per 

million

15 

.03 

3.7 

1.3 

351 

3.0 

426 

118 

218 

.5 

1.0 

930 

14 

8.4

Equivalents 

per million

0.18 

.11 

15.28 

.08 

6.98 

2.46 

6.15 

.03 

.02

WellS

Parts per 

million

12 

.11 

.9 

.6 

127 

2.2 

269 

42 

12 

1.0 

0 

352 

4 

8.2

Equivalents 

per million

0.04: 

.04 

&.SS .06- 

4.41 

.87 

.34 

.05 

0

Drillers' logs 

Welll

Shale with thin strata rock...

of 1 foot ___ . ............

Lime rock with strata of blue

Hard lime rock with layers of

Sand rock. __________

Marl.........................

Thickness 

(feet)

28

4

457

18

218

23

67

93

50

57

75

43

41

77

23

15

6

10

39

59

29

4

18

19

8

83

28

21

8

28

9

23

4

10

Depth 

(feet)

28-

32

34

491

403

511

729

752

819

912

962

1,019

1,094

1,137

1,178

1,255

1 364

1,387

1 4H9

1,408

1,418

1,457

1,516

1,517

1 546

1,550

' 1,568

1,587

1,595

1,678

1,706

1,727

1,735

1,763

1,772

1,795

1,799

1.809

Red, blue, pink, and white

Water sand, soft streaks ......

Red marl with streaks of sand.

Rock, red shale.. .

Thickness 

(feet)

9

22

13

7

25

3

26

8

44

14

20

2

17

8

27

14

26

4

13

22 

10

3

4

2

13

2

8

14

7

4

2

2

2

9

1

3

47

4

26

1

4

4

3

2

8

Depth 

(feet)

1,818

1,840

1,853

1,860

1,885

1,888

1,914

1,922

1,966

1,980

2,000

2,002

2,019

2,027

2,054

2,068

2,094

2,098

2,111

2,133 

2,143

2,146

2,150

2,152

2,165

2,167

2,175

2,189

2,196

2,200

2,202

2,204

2,206

2,215

2,216

2,219

2,266

2,270

2,296

2,297

2,301

2,' 305

2,308

2,310

2,318
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 113

Drillers' logs Continued 

Well 1 Continued

Red, white, blue shale, hardLayers of sand, rock, red,

3 

3

4

8

2,329 

2,332 

2,336

2,344

Very hard sharp sand rock 

11 

1 

2

3 

5

2,355 

2,356 

2,358 

2,361 

2,366

Wei] 2

TXTnfAn oanrl

Shale. . 

Matl ... j-_-_ .....

Marl 

Marl.- - 

Marl,

Hard marl and sand rock 

Rock sand and boulders. .. ...

Hard sand rock and boulders.

.Hard shale.. ______ . ...

Hard rock and boulders ......

Gumbo. __ __ 

Rock sands and boulders.. ...

Hard lime rock ____ ___

Hard lime rock and boulders. 

Lime rock and boulders. . __

15 

35 

22 

1 

10 

1 

16 

4 

58 

10 

20 

20 

10 

28 

12 

48 

30 

4 

8 

40 

20 

40 

2 

18 

2 

32 

13 

19 

11 

40 

16 

45 

10 

10 

30 

30 

10 

16 

10 

4 

20 

60 

20 

15 

25 

10 

20 

8 

10 

6 

2 

33 

11 

34 

2 

2 

4 

4 

20 

12 

42 

30 

2 

4 

4 

12 

6

15 

40 

62 

63 73- 

74 

90 

94 

152 

162 

182 

202 

212 

240 

252 

300 

330 

334 

342 

382 

402 

442 

444 

462 

464 

496 

509 

528 

539 

579 

595 

640 

650 

660 

690 

720 

730 

746 

756 

760 

780 

840 

860 

875 

900 

910 

930 

938 

948 

954 

956 

989 

1,000 

1,034 

1,036. 

1,038 

1,042 

1,046 

1,066 

1,078 

1,120 

1,150 

1,152 

1,156 

1,160 

1,172 

1,178

Hard lime rock and boulders.

Red, blue, and white marlRed, blue, and white marl 

Hard sand rock and boulders .

Hard sand rock and water

Water sand and boulders. ....

12

12 

10 

8 

4 

14 

12 

15 

10 

10 

6 

2 

3 

19 

10 

5 

22 

14 

1 

32 

3 

3 

50 

40 

15 

10 

25 

10 

10 

20 

4 

13 

8 

2 

33 

15 

35 

20 

20 

3 

10 

17 

5 

15 

15. 

72 

20 

10 

10 

33 

2 

25 

25 

2 

6 

10 

2

18 

10 

5 

5 

50 

25 

2 

11 

3

1,190 

1,202 

1,212 

1,220 

1,224 

1,238 

1,250 

1,265 

1,275 

1,285 

1,291 

 1,263 

1,296 

1,315 

1,325 

1,330 

1,352 

1,366

1^402 

1,405 

1,455 

1,495 

1,510 

1,520 

1,545 

1,555 

1,565 

1,585 

1,589 

1,602 

1,610 

1,612 

1,645 

1,660 

1,695 

1,715 

1,735 

1,738 

1,748 

1,765 

1,770 

1,785 

1,800 

1,872 

1,892 

1,902 

1,912 

1,945 

1,947 

1,972 

1,997 

1,999 

2,005 

2,015 

2,-017

2,035 

2,045 

2,050 

2,055 

2,105 

2,130 

2,132 

2,143 

2,146
114 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

TOM BEAN

Population in 1940: 274.

Source of information: A. H. Davis, water superintendent, Feb. 23, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well near elevated tank; drilled in 1935; depth, 1,192 feet; 

diameter, 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 10-horsepower electric motor; 

yield, 30 gallons a minute with pumping level at 320 feet below the surface in 

1942.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 15,000 gallons; minimum, 10,000 gallons; 

average, 12,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 23,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Howley]

Silica (SiOj)..................

tori (Fe)~ . ... __ . __ ...

Sodium (Na) ________

Bicarbonate (HCOs) .........

Parts 

per 

million

14

.07

2.0

.8

342

3.6

614

Equivalents per 

million

0.10

.06

14.85

.09

10.06

Sulfate (SOt). ................

Chloride (Cl)........... ......

Nitrate (NOt)..... ...........

pH-..... ......-..-.... 

Parts 

per 

million

99

103

1.7

0

895

8

8.3

Equivalents per 

million

2.06

2.90

.09

0

VAN ALSTYNE

Population in 1940: 1,650.

Source of information: Mr. Miller, pump operator, Feb. 22, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source,of supply: Two wells near elevated tank.

Well 1. Drilled, date unknown; depth, 1,155 feet; air lift; yield, 50 gallons 

a minute. '

Well 2. Drilled about 1905; depth, 1,155 feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; 

deep-well turbine pump and 20-horsepower electric motor; yield, 90 gallons 

a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 40,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Ground reservoir, 45,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 gallons. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, to«W 8 

[Collected Feb. 22,1943. Analyzed byJ. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) ............

Iron (Fe)~ __ . __ . ___

Calcium (Ca) _ . ______

Magnesium (Mg)... .........

Sodium (Na).., ............

Potassium (K). ........ __ .

Parts 

per 

million

17

.14

13

6.6

1,170

13

591

Equivalents per 

million

0.65

.54

50.69

.33

9.69

 '

Sulfete (SO*), ................

Chloride (Cl)_.._..__....___._

Nitrate (NOa) - . __ -

pB.....__.......-..._...._.__

Parts 

per 

million

1,400

472

2.6

.8

3,380

60

8.4

Equivalents per 

mOHon

29.06

13.31

.14

.01

WHIIMSSBORO

Population in 1940: 1,560.

Source of information: Water superintendent, Feb. 23,

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells near standpipe.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 115

Well-1. Depth, about 1,500 feet; diameter, 12 to 7 inches; air lift; yield, 

about 90 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1935 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,518 feet; diameter, 

10 to 5H inches; screens from 1,384 to 1,426 and 1,445 to 1,508 feet; deepwell turbine pump and 40-horsepower electric motor; 13-stage pump set at 

299 feet; static water level, 171 feet below land surface on Magr 11, 1935; 

yield, 318 gallons a minute with draw-down of 139 feet on May 11, 1935; 

present yield reported, 400 gallons a minute. 

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 15,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Ground reservoir, 85,000 gallons; standpipe 90,000 gallons. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 2 

[Collected Feb. 23,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiOj) 

Iron (Fe) ...... ...... _

Calcium (Ca). ________

Sodium (NaV-. ._..._ _ . _ .

Potassium ( K) .................

Bicarbonate (HCOs). ____

Farts 

million

15

.03

2.7

1.4

233

3.2

419

Equivalents per 

million

0.13

19

10.15

.08

6.86

Sulfate (8Qd. ................

Chloride (Cl) _. _._.._.....,-.

Nitrate (NOs) . ___ -

pH ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Farts 

per 

million

48

91

1.0

0

612

12

8.3

Equivalents per 

million

1.00

2.57

.05

0

»

Drillers' log, well

Rotary. ____ . ............

Clay.. .......................

Sandy clay __________

Hard shafe. - - __ - __ - ......

Sandy shale and boulders __

Rock.. _____ . ............

GraveL. .....................

Rock ___ . _______ . ...

Saady lime _______ f ....

Limestone _______ ...

Rock.. ___ . ________ .

Shale and hard lime .........

Shale and lime.. .............

Sandy shale ____ .......

Thickness 

(feet)

3

2

6

15

26

27

40

45

1

21

2

11

153

6

46

2

37

2

7

12

7

177

36

8

30

4

6

43

6

37

3

30

35

4

25

6

7

7

Depth 

(feet)

3

5

10

25

51

78

118

16S

164

185

187

198

351

357

4<J8

405

442

444

451

463

470

fi47

648

674

712

716

722

765

771

snB

811

841

876

a an

905

fill

Qlfi

925

OO7

935

943

Shell and sand. . . _ ..

Hard lime . _ __ ....

Lime and sand .. __ .... _

Sand and shale ............

Lime, rock, and shale . 

"Rari VioH

Thickness 

(feet)

27

11

10

9

18

22

10

8

25

7

9

27

 7

5

8

52

19

10

12

10

30

10

10

5

10

13

8

1

3

4

6

9

31

26

12

17

11

24

1.

28

1

9

Depth 

(feet)

970

OBI

991

1,000

1,018

1,040

1,050

1,058

1,083

1,090

1,099

1,126

1,183

1,138

1,146

1,198

1,217

1,227

1,239

1,249

1,279

1,289

1,299

1,304

1,314

1327

1,335

1,336

1,339

1,343

1,349

1,358

1,389

1,415

1,427

1,444

1,455

1,479

1,480

1,508

1,509

1,518
116 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

WHTTEWItlGHT

Population in 1940: 1,537.

Source of information: Water superintendent, Feb. 23, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells just east of the railroad station.

Well 1. Drilled about 1904; depth, 1,160 feet; diameter, 8 inches; air lift; 

static Water level, 240 feet below land surface in 1938; yield, about 90 gallons 

a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1938 by J. L. Myers; depth 1,190 feet; diameter, 8 

inches; deep-well turbine pump and 25-horsepower electric motor, pump set 

at 400 feet; static water level, 240 feet below land surface in 1938; yield, 150 

gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 50,000 gallons; minimum, 40,000 gallons; 

average, 45,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Three ground reservoirs, 116,000, 74,000 and 74,000 gallons; standpipe, 80,000 gallons. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 2

[Collected Feb. 23,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley.]

Silica (SiO2)~- 

Sodium (Na).___ ...... _ ....

Parts 

per 

million

12

.05

1.5

.6

284

3.2

513

Equivalents per 

million

0.07

.05

12.35

.08

8.40

Sulfate (SOO- --- -

Chloride (Cl)____. __ ........

Nitrate (NO3)-. ..........

pH...........................

Parts 

per 

million

111

61

1.7

2.0

742

6

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

2.31

1 79

no

.03

QBBQQ COUNTY

GI^ADEWATER /

Population in 1940: 4,454.

Source of information: B. P. Dake and Earl Parker, water superintendents, 

January 1942 and April 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells (Nos. 4, 5, and 6).

Well 4. In TJpshur County \% miles west of town; drilled in 1937 by 

Layne-Texas Co. to 455 feet and plugged back to 293 feet; diameter, 20 to 

W% inches; screen from 205 to 268 feet; sand underreamed to 30 inches and 

gravel walled; deep-well turbine pump and 25-horsepower electric motor; 

pump set at 240 feet; static water level, 72 feet below land surface on Aug. 

6, 1937, and 79 feet on Nov. 26, 1940; yield, 153 gallons a minute with drawdown of 143 feet on Apr. 30, 1943; temperature, 74° F.

Well 5. In south edge of town; drilled in 1940 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 

279 feet; diameter, 18% to 8 inches; screen from 202 to 265 feet; sand underreamed to 28 inches and gravel walled; deep-well, turbine pump and 15- 

horsepower electric motor; pump set at 220 feet; static water level, 90 feet 

below land surface on June 27, 1940; yield, 124 gallons a monute with drawdown of 130 feet on June 27, 1940; estimated yield 50 gallons a minute in 

April 1943; temperature, 69%° F.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIED 117

Well 6. Near elevated tank; drilled in 1943 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 

400 feet; diameter, 10 inches; sand underreamed to 30 inches and gravel 

walled; deep-well turbine pump and 25-horsepower electric motor; pump set 

at 310 feet; static water level, 150 feet below land surface wheit drilled; 

yield, 140 gallons a minute with draw-down of 160 feet on July 31, 1943; 

temperature, 70° F.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

March ______

April..............

1939

205,000

211,200

231,600

247,500

219,700

1940

253,500

209,700

212,900

1941

231,800

238,000

280,500

267,500

July.. . 

1939

269,000

316,000

181,000

1940

264,000

209,800

212,700

1941

351,000

332,900

282,000

249,000

232, 000

214,000

Storage: Three ground reservoirs, 

gallons.

Number of customers: 823, 

Treatment: None.

184,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000

[Collected Apr. 4,1940 and Jan. 22,1942. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr and J. H. Rowley]

Silica (Si Da) _____ . __ ._ 

Iron (Fe)..-... ...... ..............................

 Calcium (Ca). _________ . ............. ..

Sodium (Na) ...... _____ . _______ . __ ...

Potassium (K) __ _____ ___ ___ .......

,Sulfate(SO4) .. . 

Chloride (Cl)... ............................... ..

Fluoride (F)... __ . ______ . ____ ...... ...

Nitrate (NO») ...^....... ..........................

Well 4

Parts per 

million

32 

6.1

} 311

427 

30 

282 

.2 

20 

871 104

Equivalents 

per million

1.60 

1.50

13.52

7.00 

.62 

7.95 

.01 

.32

WellS

Parts per 

million

11 

3

267

451 

34 

150 

.4 

20 

687 

37

Equivalents 

per million

0.54 

.20

11.61

7.40 

.70 

4.23 

.02 

.32

[Collected Aug. 17,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiO2) . - 

Iron (Fe)__- __ . __ . .......

Magnesium (Mg). ...........

Sodium (Na) __ ...........

Potassium (K)_. ....... ......

Bicarbonate (HCOs). __ ...

Welle

Parts 

per 

million

12

.15

3.9 

1.2 

104 

1.6

172

Equivalents per 

million

0.195 

.009 

4.525 

.041 

2.819

Chloride (Cl) - 

Fluoride (F)....... ....... ....

Nitrate (NO*)... ... ._.. . ...

Total hardness as CaCOs.. 

Welle

Parts 

per 

million

12 

63 

.2

.2 

286 

15 

7.9

Equivalents per 

million

0.250 

1.777 

.011 

.003

754993 
118 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs 

Well 4

Sand ___ _ _________

Bock... ............ ..........

Rock.. .......... __ .........

Sand.. __ ... . ________

Thickness 

(feet)

10

17

1

26

1

16

69

Depth 

(feet)

10

27

28

54

55

71

14/1

Thickness 

(feet)

68

46

46

12

25

118

Depth 

(feet)

208

254

300

312

337

455

Well 5

Clay..... . . . . -

3

10

121

24

13

134

158

50

60

11

208

268

279

KHiGtOKE

Population in 1940: 6,708.

Source of information: Bud Hester, May 24, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells (Nos. 1, 3, and 4).

Well 1. Near elevated tank; drilled in 1931 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 

875 feet; diameter, 15^ to 8% inches; screen from 773 to 873 feet; deep-well 

turbine pump and 30-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 87 feet 

below land surface when drilled, 155 feet on Dec. 11, 1939, 157 feet on 

Nov. 26, 1940, and 162 feet on Sept. 3, 1941; yield, 285 gallons a minute on 

May 24, 1943.

Well 3. Near elevated tank; drilled in 1934 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 

906 feet; diameter, 10 to 6% inches; screen from 802 to 906 feet; deep-well 

turbine pump and 25-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 134 feet 

below land surface in 1934, 150 feet on Dec. 11, 1939, 153 feet on Nov. 26, 

1940, and 157 feet on Sept. 3, 1941; yield, 350 gallons a minute on May 24, 

1943; temperature, 80° F.

Well 4. In city park; drilled in 1934 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 780 

feet; diameter, 16 to 10 inches; screens from 607 to 625 and 665 to 755 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump and 40-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 

111 feet below land surface on Sept. 14, 1934; yield, 615 gallons a minute 

on May 24, 1943.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 600,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank capacity unknown.

Number of customers: Unknown.

Treatment: Aeration and chlorination.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 119

Analyses 

[Collected October 3,1941. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr]

Calcium (Ca). ____________

Sodium, potassium (Na + K) ......

Sulfate (SOO - -.- . 

Chloride (Ol)..... ..... . ... -._

Fluoride(F).. _.._ ....- .......

Total hardness as CaCOg- ___ ...

Welll

Parts 

per 

million

598 

27 

740 

.7 

1,780 

17

Equivalents per 

million

9.81 

.66 

20.87 

.04

Well 3

Parts 

per 

million

586 

23 

780 

.6 

1,830 

23

Equivalents per 

million

9.61 

.48 

22.00 

.03

Well 4

Parts 

T)6r 

million

4.4 

3.9 

636 

604 

23 

630 

.6 

1,600 

27

Equivalents per 

million

0.22 

.32 

27.66 

9.90

.48 

17.77 

.03

Drillers' logs 

Welll

Clay... .. 

Shale _ - . -.

Sand- _____________

Shale..... ............ .....

Thickness 

(feet)

1

6

15

56

63

64

21

44

56

18

Depth 

(feet)

1

7

22

78

141

205

226

270

326

344

Thickness 

(feet)

89

18

4

36

87

28

35

76

32

126

Depth 

(feet)

433

451

455

AM

578

606

641

717

749

875

Well 3

Surface soil. __________

Clay..........................

Sand, boulders and shale ......

Sandy shale ............. ......

Sand..........................

Shale, boulders, and lignite ....

Sand..... _______ . ......

Sand ______________

1

6

12

15

41

2

80

66

14

286

52

30

32

77

15

9

. 9

159

1

7

19

34

75

77

157

223

237

523

575

605

637

714

729

738

747

906

16

10

51

-1

38

41

22

51

1

8

48

16

76

29

199

20

113

40

16

26

77

78

116

157

179

230

231

239

287

303

379

408

607

627

740 780-

JjOJSTOVJJbJW

Population in 1940: 13,758.

Source of information: W. K. Ream, water superintendent, and B. A. Crocker, 

city engineer, December 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Big Sandy Creek, diversion dam near town of Big Sandy 

in Upshur County.

LINING FILiS 

-.QROLOCDS
120 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

April.. . . .-.-.

1941

666,000

776,000

636,000

815,000

828,000

989,000

1942

751,000

826,000

815,000

1,029,000

924,000

1943

936,000

1,317,000

1, 176, 000

1, 100, 000

1,258,000

1,675,000

July . . .

1941

1,080,000

1,149,000

1,075,000

895.000

816,000

773,000

1942

1,026,000

946.000

850,000

1,106,000

1943

1,872,000

1 Q9Q nftft

1,955,000

1, 626, 000

1, 576, 000

NOTE. Supplies town of Greggton and Harmon General Hospital.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 5,000,000 gallons; elevated tanks, 350,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 3,000.

Treatment: Coagulation, sedimentation, rapid sand filter, and chlorination.

Analysis of finished water 

[Collected Dec. 13,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj).. ... ...

Bicarbonate (HCOs) 

Parts 

per 

million

13

.6

99

2.8

6.2

4.1

37

Equivalents per 

million

1.098

.230

.271

.105

.613

SulfateCSOi) ..... ........

Chloride (Cl). __ . _ . _ ..

Fluoride (F) .. _.._-. .-

Nitrate (NOS) ... . .... ... 

Total hardness as CaC Og 

pH . .

Parts 

per 

million

31

14

.6

1.2

129

61

9.0

Equivalents per 

million

0.645

.395

.032

.019

GRIMES COUNTY

ANDERSON

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: Plant superintendent, Dec. 3, 1942.

Owner: Sun Utility Co.

Source of supply: Well 200 feet southeast of post office; drilled in 1911; depth, 

289 feet; diameter, 8 to 4 inches; air lift; static water level, 90.24 feet below 

measuring point on Dec. 3, 1942; yield, 26 gallons a minute; temperature, 72° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 10,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 11,000 gallons; elevated tank, 15,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 84.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Jan. 7,1943. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiO2)~ -

Parts per 

million

73

.00

63

5.0

106

15

fJXA

Equivalents per 

million

3.14

.41

4.61

.38

4.16

Sulfate (SO*) __ .............

Chloride fCl).... ..........

Fluoride (F)___ ___ .....

Nitrate (NOs) ....... ......

Total hardness asCaCOg _ ..

pH.. __ . . _.. ..

Parts per 

million

25

135

.1

1.5

575

178

7 a

Equivalents per 

million

0.52

3 SI

. .01

.02
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 121

BBDIAS

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: Plant superintendent, Jan. 9, 1942.

Owner: Sun Utility Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 497 feet; 

diameter, 6% to 4>£ inches; deep-well cylinder and pump jack and 5-horsepower 

electric motor; static water level, 60 feet below land surface on Jan. 4, 1943; 

yield, 28 gallons a minute;

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 12,500 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 20,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 60.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 9,1943. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (Si08) _ _ .

Iron (Fe) ._ _____ .1 .....

Calcium (Ca)._. ____ .....

Potassium (K)__.__ _____ .

Bicarbonate (HCOs)... __ .

Parts per 

million

32

.00

55

11

<MM

20

256

Equivalents per 

million

2.75

Oft

12.74

.51

4.20

SulfatP (SOi) .--

Chloride (Cl)...... . ....

Fluoride (F)..__ .. .... ... -

pH.._ 

Parts per 

million

286

240

0

4.0

1,070

182

7.2

Equivalents per 

million

5.95

6.77

0

.06

Drillers' log, well 1

C\Ky. ........................

Shale......... __ ............

Shale and sand _ . ...........

Sand........ _____

Sandy shale ..................

Sand ___________ ...

Hard clay

Hard clay and sand.. ........

Hard shale. _____ _ _

Sandy shale ..................

Hard shale..... ___ _ .

Thickness 

(feet)

35

28

37

8

32

12

10

10

66

12

12

41

Depth

(feet)

35

63

100

108

140

152

162

172

238

9>in

' 262

303

Sand.... - __ . - 

Thickness 

(feet)

18

14

5

19

45

13

22

17

4

39

6

Depth 

(feet)

321

335

340

359

404

417

439

456

460

499

505

IOLA

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: Plant superintendent, Feb. 11, 1942.

Owner: Sun Utility Co.

Source of supply: two wells 0.15 mile north of post office.

Well 1. Drilled in 1925 by D. E. Vernon; depth, 402 feet; diameter,

5% to 4 inches; screens from 300 to 320 and 390 to 402 feet; air lift; static

water level, 101.79 feet below land surface on Dec. 11, 1942; yield, 20 gallons

~a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1928 by D. E. Vernon; depth, 260 feet; diameter, 6

inches; air lift; static water level, 101.31 feet below land surface on Dec. 11,

1942.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 5,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Ground reservoir, 6,000 gallons; elevated tank, 12,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 60. 

Treatment: None.
122 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

[Collected Dec. 11,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiOj)......... ....... ........................

Iron (Fe) _________ . ______ . ........

Calcium (Ca). ... ____ . ____ . ___ . ___ ..

Magnesium (Mg) ___ .... _____________

Potassium (K). ______________ . ........

Bicarbonate (HCO3) ____ . _ . ____ .. __ ..

Sulfate (SCW 

Chloride (Cl)................ ......................

Fluoride (F). __ j. _______ - ___ ....... __ .

Nltrate(NO») . .--.-. ......................

Total dissolved solids. . _______________

Total hardness as CaCO3 . _________ . ........

pH......... .- ..-... ..-......-. .........

Welll

Parts per 

million

40 

.07 

48 

12

} 226

229 

113 

251 

.1 

1.2 

838 

170 

8.3

Equivalents 

per million

2.40 

.99

9.83

3.75 

2.35 

7.08 

.01 

.02

Well 2

Parts per 

million

28 

5.8

256

207 

136 

240 

.1 

0 

768 

94

Equivalents 

per million

1.40

.48

11.13

3.39

2.83 

6.77 

.01 

0

NAVASOTA

Population in 1940: 6,138.

Source of information: Plant superintendent, Nov. 30, 1942. 

Owner: Gulf States Utilities Co.

Source of supply: Three wells (Nos. 6, 8, and 10) at pumping station and ice 

plant.

Well 6. Drilled in 1918; depth, 211 feet; diameter, 8 inches; air lift; static 

water level, 43 feet below land surface in 1939; temperature, 73° F.

Well 8. Drilled in 1925 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 304 feet; 

diameter, 12 to 10 inches; screens from 188 to 208, 218 to 238, and 273 to 283 

feet; air lift; static water level, 45 feet below land surface on Jan.' 27, 1927; 

yield, 320 gallons a minute; temperature, 74° F.

Well 10. Drilled in 1938 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 350 feet; diameter, 

20 to 5% inches; screens from 175 to 255 and 266 to 276 feet; air lift; static 

water level 67 feet below land surface on July 28, 1938; temperature, 74° F.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

1941

141,000

136,000

138,000

141,000

158,000

215, 000

1942

19ft onn

105,000

165,000

170, 000

170,000

290,000

July. . .- 

1941

250,000

248 000

175,000

189,000

200,000

123,000

1942

295,000

266,000

205,000

190,000

165, QOO

207,000

Storage: Ground reservoir, 250,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 765.

Treatment: Stabilized with phosphate, ammoniation, and chlorination.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 123

[Collected Sept. 12,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Sodium and potassium (Na+K)..._ 

Bicarbonate (HCO3)- __ ---- __ --

Sulfate (S04)... __ ._...____.._._

Chloride (Cl)__________. __ _______

Fluoride OF) ........................

Nitrate (NOS).. .................. -

pH.._ _____ 

Welle

Parts 

per 

million

31 

.02

19 

3.5 

214 

502 

5.9 

77 

.4 

0 

598 

62 

7 9

Equivalents per 

million

0.95 

.29 

9.31 

8.21 

.12 

2.17 

.02 

0

Well 8

Parts . 

per 

million

29 

.10

21 

3.0

220 

518 

2 

82 

.3 

0 

615 

65 

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

1.05 

.25 

9.57 

8.49 

.04 

2.31 

.02 

0

Well 10

Parts 

per 

million

37 

.40

23

3.4 

238, 

556 

2 

93 

.3 

0 

671 

72 

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

*

1.15 

.28 

10.35 

9.11 

.04 

2.62 

.02 

0

Driller's log, well 10

Hard layers packed sand and

Thickness 

(feet)

4

125

6

18

19

4

25

48

Depth 

(feet)

4

135

153

172

176

201

249

Thickness 

(feet)

21

9

13

20

10

28

Depth

(feet)

270

279

292

312

322

350

SHIRO

Population in 1940: 500,

Source of information: Plant superintendent, Dec. 5, 1042.

Owner: Sun Utility Co.

Source of supply: Well 1 block east of post office; drilled in 1912; depth, 320 

feet; diameter, 4 inches; air lift; static water level, 33.2 feet below land surface 

on Dec. 5, 1942.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 3,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete reservoir, 10,000 gallons; elevated tank, 25,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 38.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Dec. 4,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiOt).... ..............

Magnesium (Mg}_ ........ ...

(Na+K). _.__ __._.__._

Parts 

per 

million

66

.08

on

5.5

135

265

Equivalents per 

million

4 49

.45

5

07

4.34

Sulfate (804) --

Chloride (Cl).__ .... ......

Fluoride (F).. ..... .......

Nitrate (NO») .. _ 

pH . .......................

Parts 

per 

million

62 ISA

0

719

247

7 0

Equivalents per 

million

1.29

5.19

.01

0
124 PUBLIC WATEK SUPPLIES IN EASTEBN TEXAS

HARDIN COUNTY

HONE5T ISLAND

Population in 1940: 200.

Source of information: J. C. Whiddon, mill foreman, April 1944.

Owner: Kirby Lumber Corp.

Source of supply: Well (owner's No. 3) drilled in 1939 by Frank Balcar; depth, 

293 feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; air lift; estimated yield, 125 gallons a minute; 

temperature, 71° F.

Pumpage: No data.'

Storage: Steel ground reservoir, 5,000 gallons; elevated tank, 37,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 200.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well S 

[Collected Apr. 13,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Calcium (Ca). ________

(Na+K).. ....... ..........

Sulfate (SO«) ----- 

Parts 

per 

million

51

2.2

31

122

3

Equivalents per 

million

2.54

.18

1.36

2.00

.06

Chloride (Cl)._...... .........

Nitrate (NOs) - 

Parts 

per 

million

71

.3

0

219

136

Equivalents per 

million

2.00

.02

0

Driller's log, well 8

Sand.. 

Clay. . -. . .- _.-

Shale -

Clay.... ... ... 

Thickness 

(feet)

24

2

10

11

33

30

6

Depth 

(feet)

24

26

36

47

80

110

116

Clay. - 

Clay. 

Thickness 

(feet)

44

4

18

34

37

2

38

Depth 

(feet)

160

164

182

216

253

255

293

KOUNTZB

Population in 1940: 1,000.

Source of information: O. P. Roden, owner, April 1944.

Owner: O. P. Roden.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1939 by Alvin Crews; depth, 138 feet; diameter, 5 inches; equipped with deep-well turbine pump; reported static water 

level, 30 feet below land surface on Apr. 6, 1942; temperature, 70J^° F.

Pumpage: Minimum, 6,300 gallons; maximum, 11,760 gallons; average, 8,400 

gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 6,000 gallons

Number of customers: 75.

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 125

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Apr. 6,1942. Analyzed by B. Irelan]

* 

Silica (SiOa)... ......

Iron (Fe) __ . .............

Calcium (Ca). -. ____ 

(Na+K)_ ......

Bicarbonate (HCOs) ........

Parts 

per 

million

44

6.8

14

2.2

33

75

Equivalents per 

million

0.699

.181

1.445

1.229

Sulfate (SOi). _ _

Chloride (Cl)... ... .

Fluoride (F)-.. .... 

Nitrate (NOs) -

DH . __

Parts 

per 

million

8.9

32

.1

.2

172

44

6.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.185

.903

.005

.003

Driller's log, well 1

Surface soil __________

Clay-. -. . 

Thickness 

(feet)

2

18

15

Depth

(feet)

2

20

35 Clay-. . . _ - __

Sand ___ ____

Thickness 

(feet)

35

10

21

37

Depth 

(feet)

70

80

101

138

SIL8BEE

Population in 1940: 2,525.

Source of information: L. A. Rainey, water superintendent, April 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1931 by Layne-Texas Co.; diameter, 16 to 

6% inches; depth, 356 feet; screen from 286 to 353 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

25-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 52 feet below land surface on 

Jan. 1,1938; yield, 325 gallons a minute with draw-down of 38 feet after 15 hours 

of pumping; temperature, 72° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 100,000 gallons; maximum, 175,000 gallons; 

average, 150,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 65,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 655.

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Apr. 8,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Calcium (Ca). ________

Sodium and potassium (Na+

K)_ _ -

Bicarbonate (HCOs) ____ .

Sulfate (SOt). ................

Parts 

per 

million

33

1.0

9.9

104

5

Equivalents per 

million

1.64

.08

.43

1.70

.10

Chloride (Cl). 

Muoride (F) _______ .

Nitrate (NO3)~- - --

Parts 

per 

million

12

.1

0

112

86

Equivalents per 

million

0.34

.01

0
126 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Driller's log, well 1

aaaA. ........................

Cla,y. ........................

Thickness 

(feet)

16

15

20

Depth 

(feet)

16

31 Clay.......................

Thickness 

(feet)

* 14

17

274

Depth 

(feet)

65

82

366

SOUR iLAKE

Population in 1940: 1,504.

Source of information: V. V. Gerber, water superintendent, April 1944.

Ownership: Municipal. 

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1941 by Homer Wright; depth, 177 feet; diameter, 9

to 6 inches; screen from 153 to 176 feet; deep-well turbine pump; static water

level, 6.07 feet below measuring point on Apr. 9, 1942.

Well 2. Drilled in 1941 by Homer Wright; depth, 177 feet; diameter, 9

to 6 inches; screen from 153 to 177 feet; static water level, 6.03 feet below

measuring point on Apr. 9, 1942; temperature, 74}£° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 20,000 gallons; maximum, 40,000 gallons; 

average, 30,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Surface tank, 4,000 gallons; elevated tank, 65,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 290. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis, composite sample of wells 1 and 2 

[Collected Apr. 19,1944. Analyzed by 3. H. Rowley]

Silica (Si02)-_.......-_.._.-_.

Calcium (Ca)___ ____ ....

Sodium (Na)

Parts 

per 

million

20

.10

28

3.5

189

3.8

244

Equivalents per 

million

1.40

.29

8.20

.10

4 00

Chloride (Cl)... ... ...I....

Fluoride (F).. ...... ..^.......

Nitrate <ffO»). ...............

Total hardness as CaCOspH . .......... .............

Parts 

per 

million

2

210

.6

.2

591 

84

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

0.04

5.92

.03

.00

Drillers' log, well 1

Sand. ____________ .

Thickness 

(feet)

308'

16

8

14

Depth

(feet)

30

38

54

62

76

Thickness 

. (feet)

12

18

16

20

35

Depth 

(feet)

88

106

122

142

177

HARRIS COUNTY 

BAYTOWN

Population in 1940: 5,000.

Source of information: T. L. Satterwhite, 1942 and 1944.

Ownership: Baytown Utilities Co.

Source of supply: Four wells (Nos. 10, 13, 20, and 21).
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 127

Well 10. Drilled in 1925 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 545 feet; diameter, 

24 to 8 inches; screens froin 338 to 378 and 443 to 543 feet; deep-well turbine 

pump and 100-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 128 feet; static water 

level, 50.3 feet below land surface in October 1931; temperature, 76° F.; 

stand-by well.

Well 13. Drilled in 1925 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 542 feet; diameter, 

24 to 10 inches; screen from 406 to 509 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

125-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 206 feet; static water level, 

65.1 feet below land surface in October 1931; yield, 1,263 gallons a minute 

with pumping level at 201 feet in 1942; temperature, 77° F.

Well 20. Drilled in 1935 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 516 feet; diameter, 

24 to 12^ inches; screen from 364 to 506 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

200-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 235 feet; static water level 

reported, 114 feet below land surface in February 1935; yield, 1,400 gallons 

a minute and pumping level at 201 feet in 1942.

Well 21. Drilled in 1936 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 568 feet; diameter, 

26 to 16 inches; screens from 345 to 385 and 525 to 565 feet; deep-well turbine 

pump and 350-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 256 feet; static water 

level reported, 126 feet below land surface in August 1936; yield, 2,500 

gallons a minute with pumping level at 227.5 feet in 1942. 

Pumpage: Minimum, 165,000 gallons; maximum, 270,000 gallons; average, 

200,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elev&ted tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 500. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses 

[Collected Feb. 2,1939, and May 24,1940. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr]

Bicarbonate (HCO3)~ _____ - _

Sulfete (804) 

Chloride (Cl). ............. __ ......

Nitrate (NO3)-. .. 

Well 10

Parts 

per 

million

357 

3 

48 

.4 

379 

33

Equivalents per 

million

5.845 

.062 

1.354 

.006

Well 13

Parts 

per 

million

388 

4 

119

519 

40

Equivalents per 

million

6.36 

.08 

3.36

Well 20

Parts 

per 

million

360 

3 

76

426 

1 34

Equivalents per 

million

5.90 

.06 

2.14

BELLAUME 

Population in 1943 (estimated): 1,350.

Source of information: D. Jeter, water superintendent, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1937 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 827 feet; 

diameter, 10% to 5 inches; screen from 651 to 708 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 15-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 54 feet in April 1943; pumping 

level, 88 feet; yield, 250 gallons a minute; temperature, 77° F.

Pumpage: Minimum, 65,000gallons;maximum, 107,000gallons;average, 90,000 

gallons a day.

Storage: Steel ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 517. 

Treatment: None.
128 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 16,1939. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr]

Sulfate (SO4) -

Chloride (CD 

Parts 

million

939

6

29

.3

Equivalents per 

million

3.80

.12

.82

.02

Nitrate (NOi)~» -

Parts 

per 

million

0.1

249

129

Equivalents per 

million

0.00

Driller's log, well 1

Soil...........................

Clay.. .......................

Sand. ___ . ................

Clay.........................

Sand.. ___ . ................

Clay... _____ .. _ .......

Sand. ........................

Clay.... .....................

Clay............. .........

Shale .

Clay........... ..........

Clay........-......... ..

Sand. __________ . _ .

Clay.......... .........

Sand ___________ ....

Hard day. _________

Thickness 

(feet)

3

11

6

37

10

13

14

13

81

12

30

65

10

10

35

26

23

21

10

Depth 

(feet)

14

20

57

67

80

CM

107

105?

200

230

295

305

315

350

376

399

420

430

Clay. 

Sand. ... ... . 

Clay. ... ... 

Sand.. _ ... ... . .

Clay.. ... ..... ... 

Clay.. _ ._ _ 

Clay.. ... __ .... 

Do. . _ _

Clay... ...

Thickness 

(feet)

65

54

49

5

10

13

5

18

5

23

5

14

40

5

20

45

16

5

Depth 

(feet)

495

549

598

603

613

626

631

649

654

677

682

696

736

741

761

806

822

827

BROOKHAVEN

Population in 1943 (estimated): 1,200.

Source of information: Mr. Straus, May 1944.

Ownership: Brookhaven Addition.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1935 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 592 feet; 

diameter, 6 inches; screen from 549 to 592 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

15-horsepower electric motor; yield, 150 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1939 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 602 feet; 

diameter, 6 to 4 inches; screen from 542 to 602 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 15-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 53 feet in 1939; yield, 

150 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 120,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground pressure tank, 5,000 gallons; elevated tank, 20,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 300.

Treatment: None.

CHANNELVIBW

Population in 1940: 50 (in 1944, 600).

Source of information: C. S. Wood, 1944.

Owner: Harris County Fresh Water District No. 6.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1940 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 640 

feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; screen from 600 to 640 feet; yield, 200 gallons a 

minute.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 129

Pumpage: Average, 30,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 128. 

Treatment: Occasional chlorination.

Analysis, well 1 

(CoBeeted Oct. 4,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Sodium and potassium (Na+

K). ........................

Bicarbonate (HCOs) _____

Parts 

per 

million

16

7.3

91

256

Equivalents per 

million

0.80

.60

3.96

4.20

Sulfate (SOt). ................

Chloride (Cl)._ _ ... ___ ..

Fluoride (F)... _ . ____ '...

Total dissolved solids ____

Parts 

per 

million

13

31

.4

70

285

Equivalents per 

million

0.27

.87

.02

CLINTON PARK

Population in 1943 (estimated): 2,140.

Source of information: C. B. King, May 1944.

Owner: Clinton Park Water Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1941 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 640 

feet; diameter, 6 inches; screens from 307 to 328, 406 to 426, and 599 to 618 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump and 20-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 

86 feet Aug. .22, 1941; yield, 125 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 214,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Pressure tank, 25,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 533.

Treatment: None.

COADY-OAKLAND ESTATES

Population in 1944 (estimated): 1,000.

Source of information: Mrs. L. W. McLean, May 1944.

Owner: L. W. McLean Waterworks.

Source of supply: two wells.

Well 1. Depth, 485 feet; diameter, 4 inches; screen from 465 to 485 feet; 

yield, 40 gallons a minute; temperature, 73° F.

Well 2. Depth, 501 feet; diameter, 6 inches; screen from 481 to 501 feet; 

yield, 40 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 50,000 gallons; maximum, 75,000 gallons; 

average, 65,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Two pressure tanks, 6,500 gallons each. 

Treatment: None.

CROSBY

Population in 1940: 750.

Source of information: T. E. Reidland, May 1944.

Owner: T. E. Reidland.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1937 by T. E. Reidland; depth, 226 feet; diameter, 6 to 

3 inches; screen from 206 to 226 feet; deep-well cylinder pump and 10-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 53 feet below land surface in 1941.
130 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Well 2. Drilled in 1937 by T. E. Reidland; depth, 226 feet; diameter, 6 to 

3 inches; screen from 206 to 226 feet; deep-well cylinder pump and 10-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 53 feet below land surface in 1941. 

Pumpage: Minimum, 40,000 gallons; maximum, 75,000 gallons; average 60,000 

gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 59,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 135. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Oct. 13,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

1 .

(ffti+K). ..................

Parts 

per 

million

6.8

3.6

96

244

Equivalents per 

million

0.34

.30

4.18

4.00

Sulfate (SO4) --- 

Chloride (Cl)__. _ ..........

Parts 

per 

million

2

28

.2

256

32

Equivalents per 

million

0.04

.79

.01

FOSTER PI.ACE

Population in 1943: 860.

Source of information: Mrs. Lillian Gilbert, Manager, May 1944.

Owner: Foster Estate.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 3. Drilled in 1937 by Texas Water Supply Corp.; depth, 475 feet; 

diameter, 6 inches; screen from 427 to 455 feet; deep- well turbine pump 

and 15-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 45 feet below land 

surface Aug. 1, 1937; yield, 100 gallons a minute.

Well 4. Drilled in 1941 by Texas Water Supply Corp.; depth, 531 feet; 

diameter, 6 inches; screen from 500 to 530 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 15-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 76 feet below land 

surface May 1941; yield, 200 gallons a minute with a draw-down of 38 feet 

in 1941.

Pumpage (estimated) : 65,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Pressure tank, 5,000 gallons; elevated tank, 15,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

Drillers' well 4

,

Shale...,..... ... _

Shale _____________

Sand., ______ . _____

Thickness 

(feet)

26

168

43

7

35

17

Depth 

(feet)

26

194

241

248

283

300

Thickness 

(feet)

14

76

37

59

45

Depth 

(feet)

314

390

427

486

531
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 131

GALENA PARK

Population in 1943 (estimated): 1,875. ! 

Source of information: Mr. Foreman, water superintendent, May 1944. 

Ownership: Municipal. 

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1936; depth, 680 feet; diameter, 13% to « inches; 

deep-well turbine pump and 30-horsepower electric motor; static water 

level, 155 feet below land surface March 1944; yield, 475 galldns a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 740 feet; deep-well 

turbine pump and 40-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 127 feet 

below pump base; pumping level, 163 feet below pump base; yield, 475 

gallons in 1942.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 100,000 gallons; maximum, 250,000 gallons; 

average, 150,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; ground reservoir, 200,000 gallons; 

elevated tank, 100,000 gallons. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Drillers' log, well 2

ClayClayClay i , 

Sand -. -

ClayThickness 

<feet)

3

12

9

10

43

85

50

60

30

15

84

67

5

Depth 

(feet)

3

15

24

34

77

162

212

272

302

317

401

468

473

Sand.. ... ... .

Sand. - -

Shale 

ThickBess 

(feet)

22

39

5

40

18

13

41

5

24

5

51

4

Depth 

(feet)

495

634

639

579

597

610

651

656

680

685

736

7dn

GARDEN OAKS

Population in 1943 (estimated): 3,940.

Source of information: Mr. J. W. Mount, water superintendent, May 1944. 

Owner: Harris County Water Control and ImprovementDistrict 3. 

Source of supply: two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1937 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 300 feet;

diameter, 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 7J^-horsepower electric

motor; yield, 125 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1940 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 834 feet; diameter,

13% to 7 inches; screens from 362 to 426, 540 to 584, 682 to 766, and 794 to 814

feet; static water level, 93 feet below pump base Oct. 3, 1940; yield, 1,120

gallons a minute with draw-down of 73 feet. 

Pumpage: Average, 620,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 130,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 gallons. 

Treatment: None.

PLANNING FILEf 

HYDROLOGY
132 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis, well 2 

[Collected Aug. 24,1940. Analyzed by Texas State Denartment of Health!

Silica (SiOz)__ ........

Iron (Fe)-- _________

Sodium and potassium

(Na+K).. ...........

Bicarbonate (HCOs) ____ .

Parts 

per 

million

18

.14

39

12

66

226

Equivalents per 

million

1.95

.99

2.87

3.70

Sulfate (SOt). ................

Chloride (Cl) ....... ..........

Nitrate (NOs) -

pH - . 

Parts 

per 

million

52

36

.4

0

312

147

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

1.08

1.02

.02

0

Drillers' log, well

Sandy soil __________

White sand... ________ .

Red sand ___________

Sand... .... . ........

Clay.........................

Sand.-..-- - _ .-_ .

Thickness 

(feet)

3

8

15

27

61

32

99

48

13

21

34

72

60

Depth 

(feet)

3

11

26

53

104

136

23S

283

296

317

351

423

483

Clay...... .... ... .... ....

Clay.. .. .....................

Clay............... .......

Thickness 

(feet)

53

47

19

29

 18

16

11

88

25

21

81

34

Depth 

(feet)

536

583

602

631

649

665

676

764

789

810

891

925

GARDEN VHJLA8

Population in 1943 (estimated): 2,500.

Source of information: Mr. Randolph, May 1944.

Owner: W. T. Carter Lumber Co.

Source of supply: two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1923; depth, 897 feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; screen 

from 797 to 897 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric 

motor; yield, 250 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1929 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 908 feet; diameter, 8 

to 5 inches; screens from 643 to 662, 838 to 858, and 859 to 905 feet; deep-well 

turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 31 feet 

June 1929 and 62 feet below pump base May 20, 1939; yield, 275 gallons a 

minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 160,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 75,000 gallons; elevated tank, 125,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 635. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis, wett 1 

[Collected Feb. 18,1941. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr]

Bicarbonate (HCOs). ____

Sulfate (804) 

Chloride (Cl)..... ............

Parts 

per 

million

254

20

36

Equivalents per 

million

.42

Parts 

per 

million

297

58

Equivalents per 

million
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 133

DriUer's log, well

Soil .........

Clay

Clay........... _ __

Sand.... ___ _ . ____ -

Clay.. ...... ............

Hard clay. __________

Clay....... ..................

Clay. ____ ..--.. ..........

Finesand_- .. . ......

Sand-.- _ ... __ . ....

Thickness 

(feet)

3

39

5

3

18

17

45

59

10

56

15

64

5

44

10

32

79

Depth 

(feet)

3

42

47

50

68

85

130

189

199

255

270

334

339

383

393

425

*,(M

Sand - .. ___ __ .-

Clay.. 

Clay-. 

Thickness 

(feet)

8

59

8

33

28

10

5

20

51

20

5

12

5

28

29

45

5

Depth 

(feet)

512

571

579

612

640

650

655

675

726

746

751

763

76S

796

825

870

875

GENOA

Population in 1940: 400.

Source of information: C. E. Cade, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1928 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 832 feet; 

diameter, 6 to 4 inches; screens from 655 to 667, 711 to 721, and 809 to 832 feet; 

deep-well cylinder pump and electric motor; static water level, 48.1 feet below 

land surface Apr. 3, 1931, 55.6 feet Aug. 12, 1936, and 90.6 feet Aug. 15, 1941.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 2,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Pressure tank, 1,400 gallons.

Number of customers: 14.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Mar. 3,1939. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr]

Sulfate (SOt). ................

Chloride (Cl) _ 

Fluoride (F)~. 

Parts 

per 

million

388

1

76

1.5

Equivalents per 

million

6.36

.02

2.14

.08

Nitrate (NOs). ___

Parts Tjer 

million

0

449

30

Equivalents per 

million

0

Drillers' log, well 1

Surface soil.. _________

Clay._.......................

Sand 

Clay

Sand.. ____ . _______ -

Soft shale ___________

Sand 

Thickness 

(feet)

2

73

16

60

122

5

21

15

47

Depth 

(feet)

2

75

91

151

273

278

299

314

361

Sand ____ - _______

Sand 

Thickness 

(feet)

42

85

21

148

18

25

16

89

26

Depth 

(feet)

403

488

509

657

675

701

717

806

832

754993 4E
134 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

GOOSE CREEK

Population in 1940: 6,929.

Source of information: J. W. Harkins, city manager, May 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1927 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 838 feet; diameter. 

10 to 6 inches; screen from 735 to 834 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

15-horsepower electric motor; yield, 250 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled about 1927 by Humble Oil & Refining Co.; depth, 970 feet; 

diameter, 8 to 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric 

motor; yield, 225 gallons a minute.

Well 3. Drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 485 feet; diameter, 

13% to 6 inches; screen from 385 to 485 feet; yield, 500 gallons a minute. 

Pumpage: Minimum, 360,000 gallons; maximum, 468,000 gallons; average 

400,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 55,000 gallons; concrete ground reservoir, 

110,000 gallons; elevated tank, 65,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 2,250. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses 

[Collected Nov. 10,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

BicarbonateCaCOj) 

Sulfate (SOd 

Chloride(Cl).. 

Fluoride(F)._ ....... .......................

Well 2

Parts per 

million

12 

5.6 

234 

488 

2 

94

577 

26

Equivalents 

per million

0.60 

.46 

10.14 

8.00 

.04 

2.65

Well3

Parts per 

million

12 

6.1 

218 

476 

2 

94 

1.6 

568 

54

Equivalents 

per million

0.60 

.50 

9.48 

7.81 

.04 

2.65 

.08

Drillers' log, well 1

Thickness 

(feet)

202

148

112

62

64

12

3

Depth 

(feet)

202

350

462

524

588

600

603

Thickness 

(feet)

52

48

20

18

A?)

1

Depth 

(feet)

655

703

723

741

*7Q3

SSE7

00 Q

GREENS BAYOtf

Population in 1940: 1,500.

Source of information: John C. Calhoun, Jr., May 1944.

Owner: Harris County Fresh Water District 5.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1940 by Layne'-Texas Co.; depth, 750 feet; 

diameter, 13% to 6% inches; screens from 595 to 630, 340 to 662, 677 to 701, and 

715 to 740 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 40-horsepower electric motor;
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 135

static water level, 97 feet below pump base June 10, 1940; yield, 520 gallons a 

minute with draw-down of 75 feet in 1940.

Pumpage: Minimum, 33,000 gallons; maximum, 92,000 gallons; average, 

80,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 100,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 400.

Treatment: None.

ELIGHLAND FARMS AND WIULOW GROVE ADDITION

Population in 1944 (estimated): 2,000. 

Source of, information: Mable Leach, office manager, 1944. 

Owner: Harris County Fresh Water District 1. 

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1935 by J. H. Morton; depth, 500 feet; diameter, 4 inches;

screen from 460 to 500 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 10-horsepower

electric motor.

Well 2. Drilled in 1939 by C. A. Williams; depth, 480 feet; diameter, 6

inches; screen from 440 to 480 feet; deep-well turbine pump and electric

motor.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 125,000 gallons; maximum, 185,000 gallons; 

average, 160,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Two pressure tanks. 

Number of customers: 500 (estimated). 

Treatment: None.

HIGHLANDS

Population in 1940: 2,500.

Source of information: H. T. Delano, water superintendent, May 1944,

Owner: Harris County Water Control and Improvement District 1.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1931 by Layne-Texas Co.; 'depth, 537 feet; diameter, 

8 to 4 inches; screen from 502 to 537 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 15- 

horsepower electric motor; yield, 100 gallons a minute in 1931.

WeU 2. Drilled in 1940 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 606 feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; screens from 417 to 479, 508 to 524, and 569 to 589 

feet; deep-well turbine pump and 25-horsepower electric motor; static 

water level, 80 feet below pump base April 1940; yield, 500 gallons a minute 

with draw-down of 92 feet in 1940.

Pumpage: Minimum, 63,000 gallons; maximum, 145,000 gallons; average, 

90,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 550.

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis, well & 

[Collected Oct. 13,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

(N&+K)... ................

Parts 

per 

million

9.6

6.1

104

262

Equivalents per 

million

0.48

.50

4.52

4.29

Sulfate (SOt)... ..............

Chloride (Cl).___._ ...........

Fluoride (F)__.__._- .._ ...

Parts 

per 

million

' 7

35

1.0

292

49

Equivalents per 

million

0.15

.99

.05
136 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

HOUSTON

Population in 1940: 384,514 (estimated in 1943, 460,493).

Source of information: Files of city of Houston, water department, May 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: 23 wells located at six well fields.

Well field

Heights

Scott St ... ... ...

Well No.

O-16......

D-17 ..

F-l. ......

F-5_,._.._

F-10.... .

F-ll ...

F-12......

!____ __ ..

2. _ . _ ..

5. _ ......

6. _ ......

7 _ .......

8..........

1 ... _ .

2. ..

2...... ....

3 ... ....

4. ____ .

5.. __ ...

2 . 

4..........

5. ........ .

6... .......

Date 

drilled

1925

1025

1927

1927

1927

1935

1935

1930

1943

1931

1936

1937

1938

1931

1938

1926

1928

1930

1938

1917

1919

1931

1935

Depth 

(feet)

1,635

980

1,540

1,456

1,320

953

2,041

1,637

2,063

1,858

1,232

1,458

1,252

1,876

1,291

1,521

1,350

1,756

957

830

777

1,618

1,796

Diameter 

(inches)

24 to 10 .....

24tolOJi8 -

24 to 12....... .

24 to 12....... .

24 to 12. ._

24 to 13 __ ...

24 to 13.... '.

24 to 12^.. .

24 to 12H 

24 to 13518 

25 to 13_ 

25 to 13. 

21^ to 12% 

24 to 12}^. 

21^ to 12%. 

24 to 16H- --

24tol6?| ___

24tol2H 

21J^ to 12% 

24 to 12. _ ....

24 to 10 . ...

24tol2H -

24tol3Jl8- -

Horse* 

power 

motor

75

50

125

125

125

200

200

150

150

75

150

150

150

200

IStT

100

150

150

150

75

75

200

200

Static' 

; level (February, 

1944)

142

133

145

148

147

141

82

125

134

117

148

147

150

141

150

125

93

JPumpin? 

level? 

(February, 

1944)

167

280

210

220

253

194

195+

220

165

186

207

188

184

238

180

239

251

144

203

183

Yield (gal- 

'lons 

per minute)

850

450

1,200

1,675

350

1,250

1,100

1,400

2,000

2,000

2,350

2,000

1,725

2,000

1,800

1,020

1 280

1,825

1,600

700

1,070

1,785

1,200

Tem- 

<>perature 

(°F.)

82.0

79.5

83.5

S3.0

77.0

89.0

85.0

90.5

82.0

81.0

81.0

80.5

88.0

79.0

85.5

78.5

84.0

77.5

78.5

75.0

85.0

84.0

All wells equipped with deep-well turbine pumps.

Pumpage: Maximum, 51,607,000 gallons; minimum, 28,229,000 gallons; 

average, 35,148,000 gallons a day.

Total monthly and yearly pumpage

Jvly............... .....................................

Year.............. __ _ ._ .... ...

1941

730,338,000

653,402,000

737,168,000

788,379,4»ft

856,713,000-

839,553,000

&75j054,000

997,265,:000"

886,301,000

869,146,000

79^,095,000

817, 079, 000

9,944,493,000

1942

824,032,000

722,227,000

862,050,000

872,078,000

1,051,236,000

975,89>,000

, 972,41^000

1,004,793,000

, 955,777,000

1,0*0,640,000

941,871,000

950,732,000

11,133,148,000

1943

1,026,436,000

884,237,000

1,001,400,000

1,067,371,000

, 1,148,511,000

! 1,151,627,000

. 1,193,882,000

, 1,168,717,0118

a 1,059,413,000

1,092,042,000

997,091,000

1,043,325,000

12,829,052,000

Storage: Ground reservoirs Central plant, 19,000,000 gallons; East End 

plant, 3,200,000 gallons; Heights plant, 750,000 gallons; North JDast plant, 

3,200,000 gallons; Scott Street', 2,000,000 gallons; South End plant, 2,000,000 

gallons. Elevated tanks Central plant (standpipe), 800,000 gallons; West Dallas 

near Shepherd Drive, 500,000 gallons; Brown wood and Lathrop Streets, 200,000 

gallons; Magnolia Park, 100,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 74,217 (December 1943).

Treatment: Chlorination and ammoniation.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 137

Analyses 

[CoHected April 1944. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings and J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj). ___-...-__.-__...__.._

Iron (Fe) -.- ,-. _ ......... ......

Calcium (Ca) ____________

Sodium (Na). _________ ....

Bicarbonate (HCOj)-- _ . _ .......

Sulfate(SO4)-..- 

Chloride (Cl). ......................

Fluoride (F). ___ . __ ... ........

Nitrate (NOs).. __ -.._-_..

pH ................ ...............

Silica (Si02)... .- .. ...

Calcium (Ca)_. .....................

Magnesium (Mg) __________

Sodium (Na)_ __ . ................

Potassium (K)_ _________

Bicarbonate (HCOj) ________

Sulfate (8Ot). ................... ...

Chloride (Cl) -_._ ..-__-.._-

Fluoride (F)-.... ...................

Nif rate (NOs) ---. _____ -

Total hardness as CaCOs. ..........

PH. -_. ..--..___......_._.....

Central well F-12

Parts per 

million

16 

no

9.2 

2.6 

202 

5.0 

410 

2 

98 

1.4 

0 

538 

34 

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

0.46 

.21 

8.79 

.13 

6.72 

.04 

2.76 

.07 

0

Northeaskwell 1

Parts per 

million

18 

.05

9.9 

3.0 

165 

5.9 

354 

2 

77 

1.0 

0 

456 

47 

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

0.49 

.25 

7.18 

.15 

5.' 81 

.04 

2.17 

.06 

0

East End well 2

Partsper 

million

18 

04

5.3 

1.0 

225 

5.2 

470 

3 

83 

2.2 

0 

574 

17 

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

0.26 

.08 

9.77 

.13 

7.72 

.06 

2.34 

.12 

0

Scott St. well 4

Partsper 

million

16

11 

3.6 

143 

6.6 

329 

3 

62 

.8 

0 

421 

42 

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

0.55 

.30 

6.22 

.17 

5.39 

.06 

1.75 

.04 

0

Heights well 5

Partsper 

million

18 

.04

15 

2.9 

203 

4.0 

408 

2 

111 

1.2 

0 

558 

50 

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

0.75 

.24 

8.83 

.10 

6.69 

.04 

3.13 

.06 

0

South End well 5

Partsper 

million

19 

.03

16

4.6

} 96

257 

4 

37 

.2 

0 

303 

58 

7.9

Equivalents per 

million

0.80 -.37

4.17

.4.21 

.08 

1.04 

.01 

0

Drillers' logs

Central well F-12

FilLsad^sand .................

Clay... ____________

Clay.... ___________

Clay.. ............. ____ .

Sand and clay layers .........

Clay....... _____ ... ......

Sand, good __________

Clay.........................

Sand, good __________

Lime and sand. _______

Clay.........................

Sand, good _____ , ........

Clay.........................

Clay................... .....

Thickness 

(feet)

~?25

60

199

16

62

17

20

. 10

24

44

62

37

14

14

18

7

26

3

17

8

6

27

Depth 

(feet)

25

85

' 284

300

362

379

399

409

433

477

539

576

590

find

622

629

655

658

675

683

689

716

Clay....... ...............

Shale, sticky. _...............

Shale and sand. . ...

Thickness 

(feet)

3

41

22

17

22

1

42

8

27

16

27

19

16

27

43

23

20

10

14

30

37

25

Depth 

(feet)

719

760

782

799

821

822

864

872

899

914

941

960

976

1,003

1,046

1,069

1,089

1,099

1,113

1,143

1,180

1.205
138 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs Continued

Central well F-12 Continued

Sand ___ . _________

Sand...- _____ . ........

Sand- ___

Thickness 

(feet)

20

12

13

19

26

4

9

29

10

17

9

16

15

9

21

21

9

33

85

8

35

87

15

29

12

Depth 

(feet)

1,225

1,237

1,250

1,295

1,299

1 308

1,337

1 347

1,373

1,404

1,413

1 434

1,456

1,463

1,496

1,581

1,589

1,624

1,711

1,726

1,755

1,767

Shale 

Sand. ____________ --.

Thickness 

(feet)

11

11

10

8

2

21

27

8

12

, 45

6

3

21

22

46

40

14

21

20

6

81

6

19

33

Depth 

(feet)

1,778

1,789

1,799

1,807

1,809

1,830

1,857

1,865

1,877

1,922

1,928

1,931

1,952

1,974

2,020

2,060

2,074

2,095

2,115

2,121

2,202

2,207

2,226

2,259

East End well 1

Clay- . 

Sand-._ _ .... _

Sand....... .. ..............

Sand-. __ - __ ; __ . ..

159 

63 

43 

89 

37 

72 

44 

10 

26 

74 

51 

134 

55 

79 

71 

18 

73

159 

222 

265 

354 

391 

463 

507 

517 

543 

617 

668 

802 

857 

936 

1,007 

1,025 

1,098

Sand.. . :. -

Sana 

Sand- -

Sand--.--. .. _ . . 

22 

44 

13 

25 

23 

5 

5 

33 

95 

63 

42 

33 

23 

54 

5 

81

1,120 

1,164 

1,177 

1,202 

1,225 

1,230 

1,235 

1,268 

1,363 

1,426 

1,468 

1,501 

1,524 

1,578 

1,583 

1,664

Heights well 5

Soil ... 

Clay-. 

Sand. _ - -- . __

Clay. 

Clay-.- - ; -

Clay 

Clay-- ....... ...

Clay and gravel-..-. --.....--

Clay---- ..... .... ... ...

Clay. .... r ....

Sand __ __ __ 

Sand. __ . __ . ............

8 

18 

22 

69 

30 

29 

20 

41 

15 

10 

23 

18 

31 

22 

30 

5 

20 

22 

20 

18 

25 

65 

14 

47 

21

8 

26 

48 

117 

147 

176 

196 

237 

252 

262 

285 

303 

334 

356 

386 

391 

411 

433 

453 

471 

496 

561 

575 

622 

643

Layers of sand and shale ......

Gumbo With layers of sand

Sand and Jayers of guinbo. ,._.

Fine-grained sand and shale. _

Fine-grained hard sand.. ...

33 

38 

29 

12 

10 

40 

21 

35 

36 

78 

14

4 

35 

27 

57 

15 

51 

5 

38 

22 

76 

8 

5 

15

676 

714 

743 

755 

765 

805 

826 

861 

897 

973 

987

991 

1,026 

1,053 

1,110 

1,125 

1,176 

3,181 

1,219 

1,241 

1,317 

1,325 

1,330 

1,345
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 139

Drillers' logs Continued 

Heights well 5 Continued

Gumbo ______ . _____

Gumbo _ - _ ---._ ___ .

Sand and shale-- ---- -.- _ -

Sand.. 

Thickness 

(feet)

70

22

11

40

14

55

16

18

17

22

26

Depth 

(feet)

1,415

1 437

1 448

1,453

1,507

1,562

1, 596

1,613

1,661

Rock -. ____ _ _______ .

Thickness 

(feet)

12

18

36

53

33

8

22

2

2

4

1

13

225

Depth 

(feet)

1,673

1,691

1,727

1,780

1,813

1,821

1,843

1,845

1,847

1,851

, 1,852

1,865

2,090

Northeast well 1

Shale- ----------------------

Gumbo and shale __ -. __ -

Rock ____ _ _ ............

Shale and gumbo _____ ...

Sand.--..------..- ..... ...

Sand . 

GiirriTny gqnd

107

18

15

42

105

17

90

36

10

3

3,

70

96

2

29

22

34

48

oo

12

40

43

10

 t K

60

12

8

34

10

40

8

33

15

112

130

145

1 S7

292

295

312

416

462

465

471

637

639

668

690

724

772

QfU

816

856

909

Q01

1,025

1 040

MOO

1,112

1,120

1 1 0S

1,162

1,172

1..253

1 268

Sand- . - 

Ro^k

Shale -- ....

Shale 

Sand- ...... . 

8

36

8

11

39

2

20

7

49

39

62

15

10

57

53

2

2

102

2

9

31

12

6

26

23

11

3

10

8

40

8

29

52

40

26

3

12

1,276

1,312

1,320

1,331

1,370

1,372

1,392

1,399

1,448

1,487

1,549

1,564

1,574

1,631

1,684

1,686

1,688

1,790

1,792

1,801

1,832

1,844

1, 850

1,876

1,899

1,910

1,913

1,923

1,931

1,936

1,976

1,984

2,013

2,065

2,105

2,131

2,134

2,146

2,150

Scott St. well 4

Clay--. ..... .....

Sand.....-... .............

Clay-.. 

Sand .. _ . .

Clay-.- ................. .

Sand. 

Clay _.___. .__ .... ......

SandClay.. ..... .... ......

Sand....... .. ... ...

Clay......... .............

25

20

ea

75

19

18

QQ

12

79

24

6

QT

51

119

141

OOQ

246

334

346

425

484

508

Clay -- -- -

Clay-...-. .... . 

Sand.. __ . .. _ . 

10

25

42

1

7

6

33

34

15

18

26

11

27

518

543

585

586

593

599

632

666

681

699

725

736

763
140 PUBLIC WATER STTPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs Continued 

Scott St. well 4 Continued

Clay.. ..... 

Clay..-.. _ ..... .....

Clay-.. .... ....... ..... ...

Clay..... . 

Sand. _ _ ....

Shale.. -..:.. .

Thickness 

(feet)

52

26

8

14

5

47

13

15

37

. 12

17

10

15

11

21

31

39

94 ' 74

24

11

51

Depth 

(feet)

815

841

849

afis

868

01 1

928

943

958

999

1,007

1,024

1,037

1, 052

1,063

1 084

1,115

1,154

1,248

1,322

1,346

1,357

1,408

1,413

Sand and layers of shale. .

Shale 

Sand and thin layers of shale. .

Thickness 

(feet)

17

29

54

5

3

15

15

10

16

33

75

73

31

22

23

14

20

66

22

28

45

67

39

10

Depth 

(feet)

1,430

1,459

1,513

1,518

1,521

1,536

1,551

1,561

1,577

1,610

1,685

1,758

1,789

1,811

1,834

1,848

1,868

1,934

1,956

1,984

2,029

2,096

2,135

2,145

South End well 5

Clay 

Sand... ___________ .

Clay... ......... ........ .

Clay-. -. 

Sand..... __________

Sandy shale. _________

Sand _____________

Sand. . _ . _____ . _ . ...

Shale... _ .. _________

Shale _ . ___ . ___ ......

6

6

20

22

1

11

9fi7

70

38

21

41

11

3Q

2

4

11

16

73

26

14

52

10

23

4

46

12

30

35

29

11

14

11

19

5

6

12

32

M.

55

66

333

403

441

462

514

553

565

567

571

582

598

671

697

711

763

796

800

846

858

888

923

952

963

077

988

1,007

1,012

Sand with streaks of shale- ...

Shale ____________ 

Sand with streaks of shale .

Sandy shale. ______ .. ..

29

17

4

30

10

26

38

21

79

13

1

12

36

69

3

1

23

19

58

35

7

15

38

94

14

6

18

6

2

278

4

45

13

32

13

1,041

1,058

1,062

1,092

1,102

1,128

1,166

1,187

1,266

1,279

1,280

1,292

1,328

1,397

1,400

1,401

1,424

1,443

1,501

1,536

1,543

1, 558

1,596

1.690

1,704

1,710

1.728

1,734

1,736

2,014

2,018

2,063

2,076

2,108

2,121
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 141

HUMBLE

Population in 1940: 1,371.

Source of information: A. M. Thompson, mayor, April 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1935; depth, 1,140 feet; screen from 1,085 to 1,140 

feet; deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; flow, 20 gallons a minute in 1941; yield when pumped. 140 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1934; depth, 740 feet; diameter, 8% .to 6% inches; 

screens from 630 to 650 and 710 to 740 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

15-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 31 feet below pump base 

May 21, 1938; yield, 240 gallons a minute.

Well 3. Drilled in 1941 by Texas Water Supply Co.; depth, 377 feet; 

diameter, 10 to 6 iinches; screen from 317 to 377 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 15-horsopower electric motor; static water level, 48 feet below pump 

base September 1941; yield, 400 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): 50,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 550.

Treatment: None.

Analyses 

[Collected Oct. 13,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Calcium (Ca) ____________

Sodium (Na). ___________

Bicarbonate (HCOs). ________

Sulfate(SOi).... ____ . . .

Chloride (Cl).......................

Fluoride(F). .......................

Nitrate (NO3) --_.. . ____

Welll

Parts 

per 

million

3.2 

4.9 

165 

323 

2 

83 

1.2

«

418 

28

Equivalents per 

million

0.16 

.40 

7.17 

5.29 

.04 

2.34 

.06

Well 2

Parts 

per 

million

34

9.7 

70 

238 

7 

53 

.4

(9 

291 

126

Equivalents per 

million

1.70 

.80 

3.04 

3.90 

.15 

1.49 

.02

Well 3

Parts 

per 

million

46 

9.7 

39 

207 

8 

44 

.2

0) 

249 

156

Equivalents per 

million

2.30 

.80 

1.70 

3.39 

' .17 

1.24 

.01

> Less than 20 parts per million.

Driller's log, well 1

Clay.,. ...................

Clay............. ............

Sand..... _ . ___ . ____ .

Bock _ -. .._._. __

Thickness 

(feet)

20

60

127

173

134

111

70

10

85

2

Depth 

(feet)

20

80

207

380

414

525

Wi

605

690

692

Sand. -

Thickness 

(feet)

22

4

16

66

16

214

40

40

30

Depth 

(feet)

714

718

734

800

816

1,030

1,070

1,110

1,140
142 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

KASHMERE GARDENS

Population in 1943: 2,010.

Source of information: Albert Bock, manager, May 1944.

Owner: Texas Water Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1940 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 544 

feet; diameter, 6 inches; screen from 494 to 544 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

7}£-horsepower electric motor; yield, 125 gallons a minute; temperature, 75%° F.

Pumpage: Minimum, 60,000 gallons; maximum, 85,000 gallons; average, 69,000 

gallons a day.

Storage: Two ground reservoirs, 4,500 gallons each; elevated tank, 75,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 500.

Treatment: Chlorination.

LA PORTE

Population in 1942: 3,072.

Source of information: C. Geffken, acting water superintendent, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1925 by J. G. Taylor; depth, 570 feet; diameter, 10 

inches; screen from 500 to 570 feet; pumped with air; static water level, 95 

feet, Dec. 30, 1941.

Well 2. Drilled in 1933 by J. W. Jackson; depth, 585 feet; diameter, 10 to 

8 inches; screens from 425 to 510 and 545 to 585 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 20-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 83.3 feet; yield, 300 

gallons a minute; temperature, 76^° F.

Pumpage: Minimum, 100,000 gallons; maximum, 133,000 gallons; average, 

115,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 81,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 700. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected Aug. 5,1939, and Jan. 18,1939. Analyzed by E. W. Lohrl

Bicarbonate (HCOs) __ - - ____ . . ..

Sulfete (804) __________________ -.

Chloride(Cl). __ . 

Nitrate (NO3)---- 

Welll

Parts per 

million

372 

1 

63

413 

30

Equivalents 

per million

6.10 

.02

1.78

Well 2

Parts per 

million

406 

1 

76 

.2 

462 

24

Equivalents 

per million

6.66 

.02 

2.14 

.00

IJCNDAIiE PARK

Population in 1943 (estimated): 5,600.

Source of information: E. R. Anderson, water superintendent, 1944.

Ownership: Harris County Water Control District 2.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1925 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 856 feet; diameter, 8 to 5>£ inches; screens from 624 to 659, 730 to 772, 793 to 814, and 835
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES ' 143

to 845 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 20-horsepoWer electric motor; 

static water level, 70 feet below pump base Feb. 11, 1938; yield, 400 gallons 

a minute; temperature, 77^° F.

Well 2. Drilled in 1940 by McMasters & Porrxeroy; depth, 853 feet; diameter, 12 to 8 inches; screens from 626 to 648, 708 to 752, 764 to 774, 799 to 

821, and 831 to 843 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 50-horsepower electric 

motor; static water level, 104 feet below pump base June 17, 1940; yield, 760 

gallbns a minute.

Pumpage: Minimum, 200,000 gallons; maximum, 288,000 gallons; average, 

240,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Two concrete ground reservoirs, 34,000 gallons each; elevated tank, 

66,000 gallons.

Number of customers (estimated): 1,400.

, ; - , MEADQWBROOK ADDITION

Population in 1943: 2,085.

Source of information: R. H, Fheil, 1944.

Owner: East End Waterworks.

Source of, supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Prilled/in 1926 by Luther Patterson; depth, 670 feet; diameter, 

6 inches; screen frotn 6SJ6''to 670 feef.; pumped with air; static water level, 

25 feet below .top of casing Junk 16, 1926; yield, 375 gallons a minute in 1939. 

Well 2. Drilled in l'94l by McMasters & Fomeroy; depth, 1,1 S^ feet; 

diameter, 10 to 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 30-horsepower electric 

motor; static water level, 108 feet July 31, 1941; yield, 530 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average,, 95,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank.

Number of customers: 400. ' ; '

Treatment: None.

., ; ' OAKWOOD AND ATOIJNE ,

Population in 1943 (estimated): 3,400.

Source of information: Albert Bock, manager, 1944.

Owner: Texas Water Co.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1939 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 411 feet; 

diameter, 6 to 4 inches; screen from 372 to 411 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and. 5-horsepower electric motor; yield, 75 gallons a minute; temperature, 

73° F.

Well 2. Drilled in 1941 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 753 feet;

diameter, 8 to 6 inches; screens from 496 to 520, 615 to 648, and 712 to 743

feet; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor; static water level, 91 feet

below punip base May 1941; yield, 90 gallons a minute; temperature, 74° F.

Pumpage: Minimum, 105,000 gallons; maximum, 142,000 gallons; average,

110,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Two concrete ground reservoirs, 250,000 gallons each; concrete 

ground reservoir, 42, 000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 850.
144 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

PASADENA

Population in 1944 (estimated): 17,000.

Source of information: W. R. Williams, water superintendent^

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Four wells.

Welll. Drilled in 1930 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 834 feet; 

diameter, 10 inches; screens from 648 to 710, 726 to 755, and 793 to 812 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump and 30-horsepower electric motor; static water level,. 

130 feet below pump base Mar. 15, 1941; yield, 365 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1935 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 834 feet; 

diameter, 10 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric 

motor; static water level, 128 feet below pump base Mar. 15, 1941; yield, 

250 gallons a minute.

Well 3. Drilled in 1941 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 350 feet; 

diameter, 8 inches; screen from 300 to 350 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

15-horsepower electric motor; static,water level, 81.5 feet below land surface 

July 15, 1941; yield, 250 gallons a minute.

Well 4. Drilled in 1943 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,203 feet; diameter, 

18^ to 11^ inches; deep-well turbine pump and 125-horsepower electric 

motor; static water level, 138 feet below pump base June 1943; yield, 1,000' 

gallons a minute with draw-down of 54 feet in 1943; temperature, 81%° F. 

Pumpage: Average, 1,250,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 100,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 1,800. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis, well S

[Collected Aug. 13,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Calcium (Ca)

Magnesium (Mg)..... ......

(Na+K).

Sulfate (SO*) _________

Parts 

per 

million

19

8.0

86

244

13

Equivalents per 

million

0.94

.60

3.72

4.00

.27

Chloride (Cl)... .. :.. ...

Fluoride (F)......... ...... ...

Parts 

per 

million

36

.3

.5

283

80

Equivalents per 

million

1.02

.02

.01

Driller's logs 

Welll

Clay..... ............. _ .

Sand (fine). _________ .

Sand. ______________

Clay.........................

Redclay... .. ..............

Thickness 

(feet)

48

12

24

19

66

14

44

14

8

14

66

176

Depth 

(feet)

48

60

84

Qfi

172

184

93ft

252

260

274

OQA

606

Thickness 

(feet)

12

14

18

30

43

9

16

62

16

29

38

19

23

Depth 

(feet)

518

632

550

580

623

632

648

710

726

755

793

812

835
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES

Drillers' logs Continued

Well 4

TSTo tog- ___________

Sand _______ . _____

Clay.........................

,Sand-~- __ __ - 

Clay.... _

Sand

Clay.-.... -.. .........

Sand. _____ L __ . .......

Clay__.. .......... ........

Sand. _____________

.Shale. _____________

Sand. __ .. __ . . ..

:Sand _____ . _____ ...

563

9

28

20

10

10

, 12

23

25

24

26

20

15

10

25

10

563

672

600

630

640

652

676

690

714

760

775

785

810

820

Sand . 

65

7

25

25

30

28

10

20

49

17

21

4

47

11

25

3

885

892

917

942

972

1,000

1,010

1,030

1,079

1,096

1,117

1,121

1,168

1,179

1,204

1,207

PELJLY

Population in 1940: 3,712.

Source of information: P. G. Sanders, water superintendent, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1928; depth, 408 feet; diameter, 6 inches; deep-well 

turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; yield, 150 gallons a minute. 

Well 2. Drilled in 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 610 feet; deep-well 

turbine pump and GO^horserpower electric motor;"static water level, 143 feet 

Below pump^base in 19$2B;*:yield, 520 gallons a minuteJ -with draw-down of 

21 feet.

Pumpage: Average, 37,500 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 110,000 gallons; elevated tank, 7,500 

gallons.

Number of customers: 950. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis, well 2 

[Collected Apr. 29, 1944. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

 Silica (SiO2)~ -

Iron (Fe) - -. _ .

(Na+K).. ........ ...

Parts 

per 

million

24

.12

16

5.6

1 277

476

Equivalents per 

million

0.80

.45

11.90

7 80

Sulfate (BOO __ 

Chloride (Cl)-._ .... ... -

Fluoride (F) .-

Nitrate (NOs) 

PH 

Parts 

per 

million

2

189

1.4

0

752

62

7.«6

Equivalents per 

million

0.04

5.33

.07

0

 Drivers' log, well 2

Clay. 

Sand-... . _ ...

 Clay.- -

Sand_ .. -. _

Thickress 

(feet)

2

10

5

188

68

32

17

32

55

Depth 

(feet)

2

12

17

205

273

305

322

354

409

Clay- . ... ... ..

Clay.- . 

Clay. 

Clay-..- ....

Thickness 

(feet)

23

6

13

10

23

10

35

5

76

Depth 

(feet)

432

438

451

461

484

494

529

534

610
146 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

SOUTH HOUSTON

Population in 1943: 1,180.

Source of information: Frank Houck, water superintendent, April 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1927 by J. A. Walling; depth, 668 feet; diameter, 8 

inches; screen from 600 to 668 feet; deep-well turbine pump and electric 

motor; static water level, 82.3 feet below pump base June 5,1941.

Well 2. Drilled in 1935 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 916 feet; 

diameter, 8 to 6 inches; screen, from 856 to 916 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and electric motor; static water level, 95.9 feet below pump base June 5,1941.

Pumpage: Average, 165,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 95,000 gallons; elevated tank, 65,000 

gallons.

Number of customers (estimated): 700.

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected Feb. 19,1941, and Jan. 27,1942. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.)

Bicarbonate (HCOa)-- - 

Sulfate (SOO ,- 

Chloride (Cl)-.-. ... . _ _ . ....-

Welll

Parts per 

million

309 

2 

43 

330 

39

Equivalents 

per million 

5.07 

.04 

1.21

Well 2

Parts per 

million

338 

10 

48 

372

28

Equivalents 

per million

5.54 

.21 

1.36

1 SOUTHSIDE PIJACE

Population in 1940: 1,263.

Source of information: Glen Miller, water superintendent, April 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 2. Drilled in 1935 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 998 feet; 

diameter, 8 to 6 inches; screens, from 918 to 942 and 948 to 988 feet; deepwell turbine pump and 10-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 86 

feet below pump base June 1943; pumping level, 103 feet April 1943; yield, 

250 gallons a minute; temperature, 80° F.

Well 3. Drilled In 1941; depth, «94 feet; diameter, 13 to 8% inches; deepwell turbine pump and 20-horsepower electric motorj static water level, 65 

feet below pump base June 1943; pumping level, 130 feet April 1943; yield 

400 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: Average, 100,000 gallons in 1941, 94,000 gallons in 1942, 125,600 

gallons in 1943.

Average monthly pumpage in 1948, in gallons a day

January ___

February. __ .

March ____

78,100

109,600

93,600

April.......... 124,100

124,100

131,200

July.-.. __ ... 128,300

163,700

182,500

Novesib^'

187,100

117,400

87,108

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000,gallons. 

Number of customers: 390. 

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATEE SUPPLIES 147

Analysis, well 2 

[Collected Apr. 10,1944. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silicia (SiOj). ...... ... ... -

Iron (Fe)__ __ ... _____ .

Potassium (K) ............

Bicarbonate (HCO3). ____

Parts 

Eer 

lion

18

.08

46

11

43

9.4

242

Equivalents per 

million

2.30

.90

1.88

.24

3.97

Sulfate (SOi)- -

Chloride (CD . . ....

Fluoride (F)_ .

Nitrate (NO3) ~ - 

Total hardness as CaCOs __

PH.._ ....... . ...... 

Parts 

per 

million

13

38

.2

.2

303

160

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.27

1.07

.01

.00

Drillers' log, well

Clay. ... 

Clay

Clay. 1 . _ 

Clay. - . 

Sand ___ ---- __. ____

Thickness 

(feet)

33

12

25

9

61

1

109

25

35

20

30

50

12

12

36

37

13

29

7

54

Depth 

(feet)

33

45

70

79

1 Af\

141

250

275

310

330

360

410

422

434

470

507

520

549

556

Gumbo - - _

Thickness 

. (feet)

IS

17

6

20

19

2

13

17

15

25

5

22

76

27

24

33

4

40

10

Depth 

(feet)

623

6 0

646

666

685

687

700

717

732

757

762

784

860

887

911

944

943

988

998

TOMBAJLL

Population in 1940: 668.

Source of information: C. L. Coleman, water superintendent, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1937 by Luther Patterson; depth, 303 feet; 

diameter, 8 inches; screen from 248 to 293 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

10-horsepower electric motor; yield, 200 gallons a minute; temperature, 73° F.

Pumpage: Average, 165,000 gallons a day, of which an average of 17,000 gallons 

a day is used by railroad.

Storage: Elevated tank, 55,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 100.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Oct. 14,1941. Analyzed by 3. W. Yett, Jr.]

-

Calcium (Ca) _ . _____

Sodium and potassium

(Na+K). ..... ..... ... ..

Parts 

per 

million

51

4.9

14

153

Equivalents per 

million

2.546

4A3

604

0 KftQ

Sulfate (SO)- ,._. 

Chloride (CD- ...

Fluoride (F).- 

Parts 

per 

million

8

30

.6

184

147

Equivalents per 

minion

.167

.846

.032

PUNNING FIL£S
148 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

WEST OAKS

Population in 1944 (estimated): 150.

Source of information: R. W. Gillette, 1942 to 1944.

Ownership: Community.

Source of supply: Three wells.

"Well 1. Drilled in 1938 by Luther Patterson; depth, 403 feet; diameter, 

6 inches; screen from 368 to 403 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 5-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 35 feet below top of casing June 

1938; yield, 200 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1939 by Luther Patterson; depth, 701 feet; diameter, 

6 inches; screen from 645 to 697 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; yield, 200 gallons a minute.

Well 3. Drilled in 1940 by Luther Patterson; depth, 400 feet; diameter, 

6 inches; screen from 360 to 400 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; yield, 150 gallons a minute. 

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 10,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Pressure tank, 7,500 gallons; two elevated tanks, 10,000 and 40,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 36. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Feb. 10,1939. Analyzed by E. W. LohrJ

Sulfate (SO*) . _ .

Chloride (Cl)...-.... .....

Nitrate (NO3)... .............

Parts 

per 

million

254

68

.3

Equivalents per 

million

4.163

.167

.004

Pluoride (P).. ... ... _ -

Parts 

per 

million

0.1

332

222

Equivalents per 

million

0.005

WEST UNIVERSITY PJLA.CE

Population in 1940 (estimated): 9,221.

Source of information: J. A. Metcalfe, water superintendent, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 3. Drilled in 1938 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 768feet; diameter, 13%

to 65/s inches; screens from 632 to 642, 650 to 691,700 to 708, 7l4to 722, and

734 to 756 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 30-faorsepower electric motor;

static water level, 51 feet below base of pump Mar. 13, 1938; yield, 500

gallons a minute.

Well 4. Drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,183 feet; diameter,

16 to 8% inches; screens from 944 to 976, 998 to 1,021, 1,033 to 1,065, 1,087 to

1,131, and 1,147 to 1,169 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 125-hopsepower

electric motor; static water level, 82 feet below pump base April 1943;

pumping level, 143 feet below pump base April 1943; yield, 1,900 gallons a

minute.

Well 5. Drilled in 1941 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth 1,673 feet; diameter,

20 to 12H inches; screens from 1,205 to 1,221, 1, 309 to 1,340, 1,360 to 1,370,

1,400 to 1,440, 1,470 to 1,489, 1,559 to 1,619, and 1,627 to 1,649 feet; 

 deep-well turbine pump and 150-horsepower electric motor; static water

level, 106 feet below pump base April 1943; pumping level, 168 feet below

pump base April 1943,; yield, 2,300 gallons a cninute.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

149

1941 .... 850,000 1049 osn nc\n 1943 _ __ 1,030,000

Storage: Ground reservoir, 200,000 gallons; two elevated tanks, 250,000 gallons 

each.

Number of customers: 3,927.

Treatment: Chlorination and ammoniation,

Analyses 

[Collected Sept. 17,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj)~- ~- ..................

Iron(Fe) . _ ................... .................

Calcium (Ca). .....................................

Magnesium (Mg)___ ._ __ .....

Sodium and potassium (Na+K)..- ____ . ...

Bicarbonate (HCO3)_ ____ ... __ . _ . ....

Sulfate (BOO.. . . .

Chloride fCl). .....................................

Fluoride (F), ___ . ....

Nitrate (N03)_..... ................................

pH

WellS

Parts per 

million

18 

.04 

18 

5.1 

98 

265 

9.8 

36 

.4 

0 

317 

66 

8.1

Equivalents 

per million

0.90 

.42 

4.26 

4.34 

.20 

1.02 

.02 

0

Well 4

Parts per 

million

18 

.09 

22 

6.2 

93 

265 

6.0 

41 

.4 

0 

324 

80 

8.0

Equivalents 

per million

1.10 

.51 

4.03 

4.34 

.12 

1.16 

.02 

0

Drillers' log, well 4

Soil.-. .

Clay.......-.......... ...

Clay....... ..................

Sand,.... _ 

Blue and red clay. .. __ . ...

Sand- . . 

OKiy.. ............. ..........

Sand 

Shale... ...... ____ .......

Sand....-.. ...........

Sand 

Shale..... ....................

Sand. _________ . ......

Hard shale, ______ . __ ..

Shale, .... ...

Sand. __ -..----....... .....

Shale. 

Thickness 

(feet)

4

8

10

5

10

13

11

43

24

18

14

127

11

9ft

15

20

VA

8

43

20

23

17

10

19

11

24

12

19

8

17

Depth 

(feet)

4

19

22

97

37

50

61

104

128

146

160

287

298

326

341

QQK

403

AAR

4fifi

506

516

535

546

570

582

601

626

Sand 

ClaySand 

Sand 

Clay.. - - -

Sand. ---

Shale... __ 

Sand. 

Sand 

Sand.. 

Shale 

Clay 

RockSand-,.. ------------ __ -

Thickness 

(feet)

20

5

74

11

31

4

26

35

8

9

20

26

1

12

34

29

17

28

ft

37

26

40

15

23

31

1

6

9

16

41

Depth

(feet)

646

651

725

736

767

771

797

832

840

849

869

895

896

908

942

971

988

1,016

1,025

1,062

1,088

1,128

1,143

1,166

1,197

1,198

1,204

1,213

1,229

1,270

754993 48- -11
150 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

HABBISON COUNTY

HAUUSVILL.B

Population in 1940: 1,000.

Source of information: J. W. Johnson and T. A. Brown, Dec. 2, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 1,000 feet southeast of post office; drilled in 1939 by 

Layne-Texas Co. to 613 feet and plugged back to 201 feet; diameter, 10 inches; 

screen from 180 to 200 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 10-horsepower electric 

motor; static water level reported, 90 feet below land surface; yield, 100 gallons a 

minute with draw-down of 35 feet after 10 hours of pumping.

Pumpage: Average, 15,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 117.

Treatment: Occasional chlorination.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Oct. 17,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Silica (SiOa) ..... _

Calcium (Ca). -i . ...

Sodium (]STa)

Parts 

million

15

.13

2.8

1.7

} 114

Equivalents per 

million

0.14

.14

4.95

Sulfate (SO4)-. ......

Chloride (Cl) __ 

Nitrate (NOy). ...............

Parts 

per . million

156

105

17

0

333

14

Equivalents per 

million

2.50

2.19

.48

0

Drillers' log, well 1

Rock ____ . ____ - .......

Thickness 

(feet)

3

10

106

1

22

20

38

44

1

7

17

Depth 

(feet)

3

13

119

120

142

162

200

244

245

252

269

Sand ... . 

Shale ' 

Thickness 

(feet)

6

10

33

68

69

46

91

1

, 10

Depth 

(feet)

275

285

318

386

455

501

592

802

603

613

KARNACK

Population in 1940: 850.

Source of information: T. J. Taylor, owner, Nov. 2, 1943.

Owner: T. J. Taylor.

Source of supply: Well three-quarters of a mile southwest of Karnack; drilled 

in 1942 by B. F. Eddington to 430 feet and plugged back to 306 feet; diameter, 

12 to 6 inches; air lift; static water level, 70.3 feet below land surface on Mar. 

16, 1942; yield, 30 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: Maximum, 36,000 gallons; average, 15,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Two steel tanks, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 90.

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 151

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Nov. 2,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOa) 

Parts 

per 

million

13

.01

5.9

1

0

139

4.4

OA1

Equivalents per 

million

0.29

.16

6.05

.11

4 93

Sulfate (SO4) 

Chloride (Cl) 

Fluoride (F)_ ... ... ... ... -

Nitrate (NOs) ..... -

pB ... ... ... ... 

Parts 

million

20

41

.2

3.5

377

22

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

0.42

1.16

.01

.06

Drillers' log, well 1

Thickness 

(feet)

22

33

11

34

37

1

Depth 

(feet)

22

55

66

100

137

138

Lignite ......

Thickness 

(feet)

22

5

38

87

1

139

Depth 

(feet)

160

166

203

290

291

430

MARSHALL

Population in 1940: 18,410.

Source of information: H. J. Graeser, city manager, Nov. 4, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply, wells 61 to 70

Well No.

61.. .

62- 

63.- --

64.........

65... .

66-. .

67.-. .

68.- ...

69. 

70. 

Date 

completed

1906

1936

1932

1925

1928

.1927

1937

1937

1936

1938

Depth

(feet)

200

240

300

300

360

300

473

375

351

422

Diameter 

(inches)

10

8

10

10

8

8

16,8

16,8

18,12

16,8

Pump 

and 

power*

T, E, 20 

T, E, 20 

T. E, 15 

T, E, 15 

T, E, 15 

T, E, 25 

T, E, 40 

T, E, 30 

T, E, 30 

T, E, 30 

i

Peet 

below 

land 

surface

14

22.2

19.7

114

180.9

181.8

Water level

Date

 do ..... 

November 1941 _

 do .

Yield 

(gallons 

per 

minute)

88

145

132

145

120

145

210

198

145

158

perature

op

66

64.5

64.6

69

n

' T, deep-well turbine; E, electric. Number indicates horsepower.

Well numbers correspond to those in mimeographed report "Water resources of 

Harrison County, Tex.," released by the Texas Board of Water Engineers and 

Geological Survey in September 1943. Wells 61 to 66, inclusive, are at the old 

pump station on the Jefferson road and correspond to city well numbers 1, 18, 

17, 9, 12, and 11, respectively; wells 67 to 70, inclusive, are within the city limits 

and correspond to city wells 1 at new pump station, 2 on Higgins Street, 3 on south 

Washington Avenue, and- 4 on east Grand Avenue, respectively.
152 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analyses 

[Collected Nov. 12, 1941, Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Iron (Fe)__ _________

Calcium (Oa). .. ......

Sodium (Na). _ .... _ .....

Bicarbonate (HCOa) .....

Sulfate (SO4)-. __ -.....-

Chloride (Cl). ...............

Fluoride (F). .. _ ..... 

Nitrate (NOa). _ ......

Total hardness as CaCOa ....

Well 62

Parts 

per 

million

7.6 

9.0

} 2.5

31 

26 

6.5 

.2 

0) 

67 

56

Equivalents per 

million

0.379 

.740

.109

.508 

.541 

.183 

.011

Well 64

Parts 

per 

million

4.8 

6.6

16

24 

42 

7.0 

.1

. (0

88 

39

Equivalents per 

million

0.240 

.543

.696

.393

.874 

.197 

.005

Well 69

Parts 

per 

million

0.10

15 

.5

100

189 

77 

16 

.2

0)

302 

40

Equivalents per 

million

6.75 

.04

4.35

3.10 

1.60 

.45 

.01

Well 70

Parts 

per 

million

6.0 

11

109

195 

103 

20 

0

C1)

345 

62

Equivalents per 

million

0.30 

.90

4.74

3.20 

2.14 

.56 

0

i Less than 20 parts per million.

Drillers' l\ 

Well 61

Lignite............ .. 

Whito plftT7

Lignite _________ . 

Lignite.. _ __ .. 

Gray sand-., _____.... 

Thickness 

(feet)

1

11

14

1

17

23

8

5

4

8

8

1

11

4

4

3

6

1

8

21

12

3

15

3

17

I

26

1

1

Depth 

(feet)

1

12

26

27

44

67

75

80

84

92

100

101

112

116

117

121

124

130

131

139

160

172

175

190

193

210

211

237

238

239

Lignite ....................

Lignite _ _ __ 

Clay and lignite _______

"Shelly" rock ................

Hard sand rock _______

Hard rock __________

Sand rock. ........ _____

Hard rock. ______ , ...

Hard rock __________

Gray sand _ ................

Pipe clay ....... ....... ......

Lignite.. __ . _ . ...........

Gray sand rock. ____ ......

Thickness 

(feet)

3

7

4

4

l

17

5

10

20

10

10

2

1

3

31

51

1

86

3

2

10

6

22

1

28

6

1

11

15

Depth

(feet)

OAO

249

253

257

258

275

280

9Ort

310

320

330

332

333

336

367

418

419

505

508

510

520

526

548

549

577

583

584

595

Well 62

3

21

6

10

20

2

82

3

24

30

40

60

62

144

Water sand __________

Gray gumbo ____ . ____

Gray gumbo _____ , __ ,.._

Unknown. . ....

g

1

57

22

152

187

161

218

9At\
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 153

DriUers' logs Continued

WeU67

Gray sandy shale _ _____

Soft rock. ___________

Soft gray shale.... ______

Lignite, shale, and sand. __

Soft shale __________ .

Soft shale ___________

Soft rock-... ________

Thickness 

(feet)

5

3

26

1

15

47

15

16

9

i

35

29

19

16

Depth

(feet)

8

20

46

47

62

109

124

140

141

160

151

186

215

227

243

Thickness 

(feet)

30

28

1

45

22

2

68

1

44

1

41

Depth 

(feet)

273

301

302

347

369

371

439

440

484

485

526

Well 68

White sand _________ _ ...

Loam, white sand, and ligniteLignite _______ .........

Gray sand and mica. ___ _.

4

2

47

17 

15

14

1

20

70

53

4

6

53

70 

85

99

1 Aft

120

190

243

Fine-grained dark-gray sand25

1

45 

3

47

1

18

1

92

26i

26!

31' 31'

3&

36,

3&

47<

Welt 69

Shale _____ .. .

12

14

24

35

20

13

39

3

14

12

26

50

85

105

118

157

160

174

1

10

15

35

18

1

10

87

20

175

185

200

235

253

254

264

351

371

Well 70

Fine-grained gray sand and

26

38

87

1

5

3

42

5

33

26

64

151

152

157

160

202

207

240

Soft shale and fine-grained

5

17

67

37

6

1

30

2

74

245

262

329

366

372

373

403

405

479
154 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

WASKOM

Population in 1940: 564.

Source of information: J. P. Jones, Dec. 3, 1943.

Owner: Alien Thomas.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1924 by W. M. Waterman Lumber Co.; depth, 151 feet; 

diameter, 6% inches; deep-well turbine pump and 5-horsepower electric 

motor; pump set at 120 feet; yield, 100 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1925 by W. M. Waterman Lumber Co., depth, 150 feet; 

diameter, 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 3-horsepower electric motor; 

static water level, 79.2 feet below land surface on Oct. 29, 1941; stand-by 

well.

Pumpage: No record. 

Storage: Elevated tank, 25,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 25. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Oct. 29,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Calcium (Ca)-. _______

Magnesium (Mg). ...........

Sodium (Na) _________

Potassium (K) . . . . . . . .. .. .....

Parts 

per 

million

16

16

} 172

262

Equivalents per 

million

0.80

1.32

7.47

4.29

Sulfate (SO4). -

Chloride (Ol)..._. 

Nitrate (UO»). ...............

Parts 

per 

million

77

130

(0540

105

Equivalents per 

million

1.60

3.67

1 Less than 20 parts per million.

HENDEBSON COUNTY

ATHENS

Population in 1940: 4,765.

Source of information: Ramond Shelton, water superintendent, and Lonnie 

Dowell, assistant fire chief, July 27, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal. 

Source of supply: Three wells about 0.3 mile northeast of courthouse.

Well 1. Drilled in 1910 by John Shackleford; depth, 1,000 feet; diameter, 

6 to 4 inches; screen from 640 to 784 feet; static water level reported, 200 

feet below land surface when drilled; pump removed, well now unused.

Well 2. Drilled about 1914 by Claude Witherspoon; depth, 1,000 feet; 

diameter, 8 to 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 25-horsepo-wer electric 

motor; static water level reported, 200 feet below land surface when drilled; 

yield, 100 gallons a minute; temperature, 75° F.

Well 3. Drilled in 1932 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,019 feet; diameter, 

12 to 6 inches; screens from 317 to 337, 360 to 381, 487 to 532, 575 to 620, 

and 732 to 782 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 60-horsepower electric 

motor; static water level reported, 123 feet below land surface in 1935; 

draw-down, 47 feet after 42 minutes of pumping 445 gallons a minute; 

present yield reported, 400 gallons a minute; temperature, 75° F. 

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Concrete reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons 

(concrete reservoir unused, 100,000 gallons). 

Number of customers: 950. 

Treatment: None.
. PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 155

Analyses 

f Collected July 27,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowtey]

Calcium (Ca) ___ _____ . _____ . ...

Sodium (Na) __ . ___ . __ .. _ . _ .... ........

Sulfate (SO4) ...-.-.... ... ................

Chloride (Cl). .....................................

Fluoride (F) _ ........... ___ .. ___ . ___ ....

Nitrate (NOs). -.- . . ... . ..

pH............................ .....................

Well 2

Parts per

million

18 

.38 

13 

2.2 

43 

3.2 

144 

4.0 

10 

.6 

2.0 

167 

42 

8.0

Equivalents 

per million

0.649

.181 

1.877 

.082 

2.360 

.083 

.282 

.032 

.032

Well3

Parts per million

20 

.47 

12 

2.1 

45 

4.0 

147 

7.2 

8.0 

1.0 

.2 

172 

38 

7.9

Equivalents . 

per million

0.699 

.173 

1.968 

 .102 

2.410 

.160 

.226 

.053 

.003

Drillers' log, well 8

White sand . 

Shale ___ . __ ..... .......

Bock.-..-.-.... ...........

Shale.............. ...........

Bock.........................

Shale.... .....................

Shale and lignite. ....... .....

Sandy shale. _________

Thickness 

(feet)

17

10

26

10

12

28

38

32

77

17

1

8

14

5

17

48

66

34

18

3

10

Depth 

(feet)

17

27

53

63

75

. 103

ifU

142

174

251

268

269

277

291

296

313

361

427

461

479

482

492

Shale - . - _ --. 

Shale ....

Thickness 

(feet)

20

5

17

20

78

5

2

58

30

1

4

1

6

1

2

1

120

1

82

33

40

Depth 

(feet)

512

517

534

554

632

637

639

697

727

728

732

733

739

740

742

743

863

864

946

979

1,019

EUSTACE

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: M. C. Andrews, coowner, July 28, 1943.

Owners: V. E. West and M. C. Andrews.

Source of supply: Well 1 block south of railroad station; drilled in 1940 by 

V. E. West; depth, 186 feet; diameter, 8 inches; 22 feet of screen near bottom of 

well; deep-well turbine pump and 3-horsepower electric motor; static water level 

reported, 20 feet when drilled; yield, 15 gallons a minute; temperature, 69° F.

Pumpage: Average, 3,500 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 1,400 gallons.

Number of customers: 60.

Treatment: None.
156 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis 

[Collected July 28,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj)-- - 

Iron (Fe)-_ .----.--- __ .-

Calcium (Ca) .... ... ..

Bicarbonate (HCOs). __ -...

Parts 

million

12

.17

4.0

1.2

163

3.6

305

Equivalents per 

million

0.20

.10

7.10

.09

5.00

Sulfate (SO4) - - 

Chloride (Cl)___.-. ... ..... .

Fluoride (F)...... .. ..........

Nitrate (NOj)... ..... ........

pH ................ ........

Parts 

million

8.0

80

1.0

.5

424

15

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

0.17

2.26

.05

.01

MAJ..AKOFF

Population in 1940: 2,168.

Source of information: T. A. Bartlett, Sr., president, July 28, 1943.

Owner: Malakoff Water Co.

Source of supply: Well (No. 2) 2 blocks west of railroad station and south 

of tracks; drilled in 1936; depth, 365 feet; diameter, 6 inches; deep-well turbine 

pump and 7H-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 200 feet; static water 

level, 84 feet below land surface on July 28, 1943; yield, 83 gallons a minute with 

draw-down of 30 feet; temperature, 71° F.

Pumpage: Maximum, 42,000 gallons; average, 24,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Three galvanized tanks, combined capacity 6,900 gallons.

Number of customers: 204.

Treatment: None.

[Collected July 28,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO») -- 

Iron (Fe)--_------- __ . __ -

Calcium (Ca) _ . _____

Sodium (Na) _ . 

Potassium (K)_. .............

Parts 

per 

million

17

.04

2.9

.5

156

3.8

266

Equivalents per 

million

0.14

.04

6.77

.10

4.37

Sulfate (SOd -. 

Chloride (Cl)'.._ -...... 

Nitrate (NO>)~. -- .....

pH ........................

Parts 

per 

million

2.0

92

1.0

.2

406

9

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

0.04

2.59

.05

nn

TRINIDAD

Population in 1940: 750. 

 Source of information: J. W. Bradley, operator, July 28, 1943.

Owners: V. E. West and M. C. Andrews.

Source of supply: Well 2 blocks south of railroad station; dug in 1939 by 

J.W.Bradley; depth, 45 feet; diameter, 7 feet; cylinder pump and 3-horsepowef 

electric motor; static water level reported, 40 feet below land surface.

Pumpage: Average, 3,300 gallons a day.

Storage: Steel pressure tank, 5,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 75.

Treatment: Chlorination occasionally.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 157

Analysis 

{Collected July 28,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO2), 

Iron (F^)... ..................

Bicarbonate (HCOs) --------

Parts per' 

mDlion

8.5

.05

60

' 3.6

3.0

155

Equivalents per 

million

2

GGK

.296

OK7

.077

2.541

Sulfate (SOi)- 

Chloride (Cl) -

pH_ ... ... ... ... ... ..

Parts 

per 

million

7.4

15

.4

30

228

182

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

0.154

.423

.021

.484

HILL COUNTY

ABBOTT

Population in 1940: 264.

Source of information: Claude Barnett, water superintendent, Jan. 15, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 1 block east of railroad station; drilled in 1898; depth, 

1,850 feet; diameter, 12 to 2 inches; pump jack and deep-well cylinder; cylinder 

set at 160 feet; static water level reported, 90 feet below land surface in 1942; 

well flowed when drilled in 1898 and ceased flowing in 1899; present yield, 33 

gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 15,000 gallons; minimum, 8,000 gallons; 

average, 12,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 25,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 74.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 15,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOz) 

Parts 

per 

million

14

.08

46

22

401

12

386

Equivalents per 

million

2.30

1.81

17 43<?l

6.32

Chloride (Cl)... -. ... ...

pH ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Parts 

per 

million

683

40

2.3

4.0

1,410

206

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

14.22

1.13

.12

.06

AQUTLIiA.

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: Miss Annie Hunt, operator, Jan. 15, 1943.

Owner: B. O. Poole.

Source of supply: Well about 1 block west of railroad tracks on south side of 

the main east-and-west street; drilled about 1908; depth reported, about 1,400 

feet; well flows directly into water mains with sufficient pressure to supply all 

parts of the town; pressure at one house tap estimated to be between 10 and 15 

pounds; pressure reported to be slowly diminishing.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: None.

Number of customers: 63.

Treatment: None.
158 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 15,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Silica (SiO8) - ..-

Iron (Fe). __________

nalrfiim (r»

Magnesium (Mg)

Sodium (Na)... ..............

Potassium (K).. .............

Bicarbonate (HCOj)..__ __ .

Parts 

million

8.5

.10

22

28

668

22

488

Equivalents per 

million

1.10

2.3G

29.03

.56

8.00

Sulfate (SOO ..............

Chloride (Cl)...... ........

Fluoride (F).. .......... ...

Nitrate (NO^)... .............

pH._........-.._............

Parts 

million

1,090

73

5.0

.2

2,160

170

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

22.67

2.06

.26

00

BRANDON

Population in 1940: 236.

Source of information: Mr. Kirby, Jan. 14, 1943. 

Ownership: Private.

Source of supply: Well; reported depth, 670 feet; diameter, 6 inches; pump 

jack and deep well cylinder; well supplies cotton gin and the town. 

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Elevated tank, about 15,000 gallons. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 14,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO8)- .-

Calcium (Ca) ____ . .......

Magnesium (Mg)_... .......

Sodium (Na)-- .-. ........

Bicarbonate (HCOj). ........

Parts 

per 

million

8.0

.13

4.0

2.1

595

18

628

Equivalents per 

million

0.20

.17

25.86

46

10.28

Sulfate (8O«). ................

Chloride (Cl). .............

Fluoride (V). .................

Nitrate (NO8) .... .... ..

pH -. .............

Parts 

per 

million

466

228

4.0

4.6

1,640

la

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

9.70

6.43

.21

.07

BYNDM

Population in 1940: 350.

Source of information: Ennis Smith, owner, Jan. 14, 1943. 

Owner: Mr. Ennis Smith.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1913; depth, 760 feet; diameter, 10 to 4 inches; 

pump jack and deep-well cylinder pump; yield, 15 gallons a minute. 

Pumpage: Average, 5,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Elevated tank, 16,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 65. 

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 159

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 14,1943. Analyzed by J. H, Rowteyl

Silica (SiOi)- . . 

Calcium (Ca)..-- __ .. __

Parts 

per 

million

7.0

.06

4.5

2.4

705

11

870

Equivalents per 

million

0.22

.20

30.66

.28

14.25

Sulfate (SO*).... ..........

Chloride (Cl)._. .... .......

Nitrate (NOg) . .-.

r\TJ

Parts 

million

538

1QQ

4.4

45

1,900

91

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

11.20

5.61

.23

.07

HUJLSBORO

Population in 1940: 7,799.

Source of information: T. A. Bullock, city engineer, Jan. 13, 1943. ' Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: 11 wells.

Uptown well 2. At pumping station about 2 blocks west of courthouse; 

drilled in 1939; depth, 1,810 feet; diameter, §% inches; pump jack and 

deep-well cylinder; flowed when drilled in 1919, ceased flowing in 1930; 

reported static water level, 125 feet below land surface in 1943; yield, 60 

gallons a minute with drawn-down of 215 feet.

Uptown well 3. At pumping station; drilled in 1919; depth, 830 feet; 

diameter, 8 inches; submersible deep-well turbine pump; reported static 

water level, 150 feet below land surface in 1943; yield, 70 gallons a minute 

with draw-down of 275 feet.

Well 1. About 0.6 mile west of courthouse; drilled in 1912; depth, about 

200 feet; diameter, 8 inches; pump jack and. deep-well cylinder; reported 

static water level, about 90 feet below land surface in 1942; yield, 30 gallons 

a minute with draw-down of about 100 feet.

Well 2. Near well 1; drilled in 1919; depth, about 200 feet; diameter, 

5 inches; pump jack and deep-well cylinder; yield, 30 gallons a minute. 

. Well 3. About 0.1 mile northeast of well 1; drilled in 1922; depth, about 

200 feet; diameter, 8 inches; submersible deep-well turbine pump; yield, 65 

gallons a minute.

Well 4. About 0.2 mile west of pumping station; drilled in 1924; depth, 

about 200 feet; diameter, 8 inches; pump jack and deep-well cylinder; yield, 

30 gallons a minute.

Well 5. About 0.3 mile northwest of pumping station; drilled in 1925 by 

Stinson & Gathings; depth, 200 feet; diameter, 8 inches; pump jack and 

deep-well cylinder; yield, 30 gallons a minute.

Well 6. About 0.1 mile northeast of well 5; drilled in 1924 by Stinson & 

Gathings; depth, 185 feet; diameter 8 inches; pump jack and deep-well 

cylinder; yield, 30 gallons a minute.

Well 10. 1.3 miles west of courthouse; drilled in 1930 by Layne-Texas 

Co.; depth, 1,784 feet; diameter, 12 to 8 inches; screens set opposite Woodbine, Paluxy, and Travis Peak sands; deep-well turbine pump; static water 

level, 125 feet below land surface; yield, 350 gallons a minute with draw-down 

of 245 feet.

Well 11. About 0.1 mile west of well 2; drilled in 1941 by LayneTexas Co.; depth, 833 feet; diameter, 13 inches; deep-well turbine pump;
160 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

static water level, 150 feet below land surface in 1941; pumping level below 

air line; yield, 65 gallons a minute.

Well 12. About 0.1 mile northwest of well 6; drilled in 1941 by LayneTexas Co.; depth, 830 feet; diameter, 13 inches; deep-well turbine pump; 

static water level, 135 feet below land surface in 1941; yield, 90 gallons a 

minute with draw-down of 293 feet.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

1940

422,000

400,000

424,000

411, 000

413,000

413, 000

1941

387, 000

350, 000

373,000

386,000

450, 000

419,000

1942

408 000

378,000

363,000

386,000

426,000

July...... .........

1940

425,000

465,000

478,000

426,000

389,000

373,000

1941

420,000

493, 000

450,000

399, 000

371, 000

378,000

1942

444,000

443,000

394,000

384,000

372, 000

330, 000

Storage: 3 concrete ground reservoirs, combined capacity 1,240,000 gallons 

elevated tank, 110,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 2,100. 

Treatment: Sedimentation and chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected Jan. 13,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Uptown well 2

Parts per 

million

Equivalents 

per million

Uptown well 3

Parts per 

million

Equivalents 

per million

Silica (8102) ~.

Iron (Fe)._-___...._.

Calcium (Ca)._ ........

Magnesium (Mg).____. 

Sodium (Na)___ ___. 

Potassium (K) .____. 

Bicarbonate (HCO3).__. 

Sulfate (SO4). ....

Chloride (Cl).............

Fluoride (F).___.___... 

Nitrate (NO3).. _ 

Total dissolved solids.....

Total hardness as CaCOs. 

pH........................

18

.70

3.5

1.6

254

14

464

116

59

.3,

0

695,

16

8.3

0.18

.13

11.06

.36

7.63

2.42

1.66

.02

0

6.5

.02

13

8.3

488

17

468

649

62

.5

1.0

1,480

66

8.2

.68

21.22

.43

7.67

13.51

1.75

.03

.02

Welll

Parts

per

million

Equivalents per 

million

Well 10

Parts

per

million

Equivalents per 

mil lion

Well 11

Parts

per

million

Equivalents per 

million

Silica (SiO2)--. ..... 

Iron (Fe)._______... 

Calcium (Ca)_____....

,-Magnesium (Mg).........

Sodium (Na)._____... 

Potassium (K) ______ 

Bicarbonate (HCO3) ... 

'Sulfate (SOi).. - 

Chloride (Cl).............

Fluoride (F)..............

-Nitrate (NOs)-. . 

.Total dissolved solids.....

 Total hardness as CaCOa. 

pH_. .....................

10

.02

2.7

1.1

278

11

508

160

35

.2

2.5

751

12

8.3

0.13

.09

12.10

.28

8.32

3.33

.99

.01

.04

6.5 

.02

399

861

66

.4

2.5

1,710

240

7.9

2.75

2.06

21.58

6.54

17.93

1.86

.02

.04

6.0 

.12

11 

8.4 

r 629 

I 16 

561 

798 

105 

4.7 

1.2 

1,850 

62 

8.0

0.55

.69

27.35

.41

9.20

16.57

2.96

.25

.02
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 161

Drillers' logs

Uptown well 2

Sandstone, water sand, and

 Blue shale with some sandSand with some sandstone

Layers of soft white limestone

Light blue shale with few

Thin layers of blue shale with

Thickness 

(feet)

18

8

65

1

9

32

46

15

14

4

115

13

450

30

3

17

19

40

18

44

Depth 

(feet)

18

26

91

92

101

IVl

179

IQd

208

212

327

i/in

7on

820

823

840

859

899

917

961

Red, pink, and white marl,

with a few layers of sandBlue and white marl with

marl, with layers of sandVery fine water sand mixed

Layers of hard sandstone and

Thickness 

(feet)

491

62

33

28

22

37

37

15

6

8

11

9

3

69

IS

Depth 

(feet)

1,452

1,514

1,547

1,575

1,597

1,634

1,671

l,68fr

1,692:

1,700

1,711

1,720

1,723

1,792

1,810

WellS

15 

40 

45 

45

15 

55 

100 

145

5 

25 

25

150 

175 

200

Well6

D0____....._.._._.__...__

15 

60

, 5

15 

75 

80 Shale..... __ . _____ ....

68 

37

5

148 

185 

190

Well 10

Sand _ .,

Broken limestone and shale _

Broken limestone and shale..

Chalk_. ......................

Limestone and shale ___ ..

Hard shale and limestone __ 

Shale __ . ________ . .....

Do.......................

Shale......... _ ......... ....

10 

5 

35 

67 

17 

2 

22 

22 

1 

102 

22 

36 

33 

19 

37 

42 

2 

26 

6 

57 

45 

72 

10 

16 

16 

14 

1 

10

10 

15 

50 

117 

134 

136 

158 

180 

181 

283 

305 

341 

374 

393 

430 

472 

474 

500 

506 

563 

608 

680 

690 

706 

722 

736 

737 

747

Shale ......................

Shale and sandy limestone ....

Sandy limestone and shale..-

Shale layers and sandy limeSandy limestone and shate . 

Sandy limestone and hard

Sandy limestone and shale ....

Hard sandy limestone ........

3 

14 

5 

' 18 

2 

43 

53 

33 

12 

15

18 

3 

8 

56

35 

5 

30 

16 

24 

20 

31 

24

9 

32

54 

25

750 

764 

769 

787 

789 

832 

885 

918 

930 

945

963 

966 

974 

1,030

1,065- 

1,070 

1,100 

1,116 

1,140 

1,160 

1, 191 

-1,215, 

1,224 

1,256 

1,310 

1,335
162 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' log Continued 

Well 10 Continued

Shale.. 

Thickness 

(feet)

65

29

5

15

17

14

30

75

15

12

6

Depth 

(feet)

1,390

1,419

1,424

1,439

1,456

1,470

1,500

1,575

1,590

1,602

1,608

Shale 

Shale 

Thickness 

(feet)

12

V?

13

10

3

3

4

12

4

4

19

65

Depth 

(feet)

1,620

1 647

1,660

1,670

1,673

1,676 i fi$m

1,692

1,696

1,700

1,719

1,784

Well 11

5

45

5

15

5

20

25

38

12

20

90

70

5

25

15

5

50

55

70

75

95

120

158

170

190

280

350

355

380

395

30

30

20

45

105

15

10

55

5

30

37

2

4

50

9

425

455

475

520

625

640

650

705

710

740

777

779

783

833

SA9

HUBBAKD

Population in 1940: 1,871.

Source of information: Water superintendent, Jan. 14, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Small impounding reservoirs near town, developed about 

1900. (City attempted to obtain ground-Water supply in 1892 or 1893; well 

about 3,300 feet deep flowed salty water.)

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Elevated tank, about 50,000 gallons.

Treatment: Coagulation and sedimentation with alum and lime; chlorination.

Analysts of finished wajier 

[Collected Jan. 14,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) 

Parts 

million

11

.05

40

4 0

9.5

3.2

130

Equivalents per 

million

2.66

40

.41

no

2.13

Sulfate (&0t).. ...............

Chloride (Cl)... .......

Flaoride (P)..._ ..... .....

Nitrate (NOs) 

pH .... 

Parts 

per 

million

31

3.0

.6

.2

176

120

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

0.64

.08

.03

.00
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 163

IRENE

Population in 1940:267.

Source of information: C. 0. Hawkins, owner, Jan. 15,1943.

Owner: C. 0. Hawkins.

Source of supplyr Well west of railroad in Irene; drilled in 1910; depth, 915 feet; 

diameter, 5 inches; pump jack and deep-well cylinder pumpjitowed about 8 feet 

above land surface in 1910, ceased flowing about 1913; static water level in 1942 

reported about 50 feet below land surface; yield, about 50 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Elevated tank, about 16,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 54.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 15,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) - . - .

Iron (Fe) _ --. __ - __ . __

Parts 

per 

million

7.0

.04

5.7

2.4

812

10

750

Equivalents per 

million

6.28

.20

35.29

.26

12.29

Sulfate (SCU) 

Chloride (Cl)_.._ .. ...

Fluoride (F)........ . .

Nitrate (N03) - ... -

pH.. - ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Parts 

per 

million

505

460

4.4

2.0

2,180

24

8.0

Equivalents per 

million

10.51

12.97

.23

.03

ITASCA

Population in 1940: 1,759.

Source of information: Water superintendent, Jan. 14, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: two wells (Nos. 2 and 3).

Well 2. At pumping station; drilled in 1924; depth, 293 feet; diameter, 

8 inches; pump jack and deep-well cylinder pump; static water level, 114 feet 

below land surface in 1939; well is used for stand-by; yield, 70 gallons a minute.

Well 3. At pumping station; drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 

1,835 feet; diameter, 8% to 6% inches; 90 feet of screen at bottom; deep-well 

turbine pump; static water level, 133 feet below land surface on Apr. 20,1939; 

yield, 180 gallons a minute with draw-down of 252 feet. (Nearby well drilled 

in 1894 to a depth of 1,785 feet flowed when drilled, and static water level in 

1927 was 67 feet below land surface.)

Pumpage: Average, 60,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Standpipe, 100,000 gallons; concrete ground reservoir, 167,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 408.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 3 

[Collected Jan. 14, 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOs) ................

Cpgwm^Cftk^i . .

Sodium iNa) -- .

Parts 

million

14

.01

.6

.5 "240

7.4

434.

Equivalents per 

million

0.03

.04

1ft AA

.19

7.10

Sultote (SOt) ... ..... .

Chloride (Cl)._. ... .........

Nitrate (NOs) - .

pH-.. _ - .-.-.

Parts 

million

80

67

.3

1.5

638

4

8,4

Equivalents per 

million

1.67

1.89

.02

.02
164 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers? log, well 3

Sand 

Shale and layers of limestone.

Shale 

Do. 

Thickness 

(feet)

4

22

110

1

52

3

10

48

8

37

134

202

29

174

15

7

40

46 

16

26

57

81

115

88

35

28

Depth 

(feet)

4

26

136

137

185

188

198

246

254

291

425

627

656

830

S52

938

979

1,036

1,117

1,232

1,234

1,322

1,357

1,385

Sand., __ . __ . _______ .

Sand_. ___ . ___ ... .......

Hard blue and brown shale ...

Sand__ _________ - __ .-

Shale 

Sand.. ____ . _ .--- __ .-

Thickness 

(feet)

5

36

20

30

40

8

9

13

8

20

11

20

21

18

13

17

25

10

20

25

6

9

15

17

Depth 

(feet)

1 OQrt

1,426

1 446

1,476

. 1, 516

1,524

1,533

1,546

1, 554

1,574

1,585

1,605

1,626

1,644

1,666

1,679

1,696

1,721 

1,734

1,754

1,779

1 TS<;

1 704.

1,809

1,814

1,831

MAIX)NE

Population in 1940: 429.

Source of information: R. V. Reavis, Jan. 14, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well near elevated tank; drilled in 1924 by R. H. Bearing 

& Sons; depth, 2,471 feet; diameter, 13 to %% inches; reported natural flow about 

50 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Elevated tank, about 50,000 gallons. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 14, 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley.]

Calcium (Ca) ._ __ . ......

Bicarbonate fHCO8 )- ......

Parts 

per 

million

18

.18

147

49

855

20

225

Equivalents per 

million

7.34

4.03

37.18

.51

3.69

Sulfate (804)- 

Chloride (CD- ............

Nitrate (NOa) - -

 pH 

Parts 

per 

million

2,070

76

1.4

1.0

KCQ

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

43.14 2 14

.07

.02

Drillers' log, well 1

Shale, limestone, soapstone_.-

Limestone, broken and hard

Thick-

(feet)

6

264

376

210

25

159

21

635

Depth

(feet)

6

270

646

. 856

. 881

1,040

1,061

1,695

Trinity sand, fine quality,

Thick-

(feet)

12

QCQ

79

231

87

Depth

(feet)

1,708

2,076

2,148

2,379

2,471
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 165

MKRTENS

Population in 1940: 251.

Source of information: Russel Goodman, mayor, Jan. 14, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well at elevated tank; drilled in 1931; reported depth, 1,400 

feet; diameter, 8 inches; deep-well turbine pump; yield, about 80 gallons a minute. 

Pumpage: No record. 

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 56. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 14,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) . 

Sodium (Na) .................

Parts 

per 

million

10

.12

5.2

1.8

492

19

442

Equivalents per 

million

6.26

.15

21.39

.49

7.25

Sulfate (SO4)- 

Chloride (Cl)... .... .

Fluoride (F)_..__ -

Nitrate (NO3) 

pH ........

Parts 

per 

million

480

173

2.9

1.0

1,400

20

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

9.99

4.88

.15

.02

MOUNT CALM

Population in 1940: 525.

Source of information: Luther Carter, water superintendent, Jan. 15, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three small impounding reservoirs. (The city has made 

attempts to obtain water from wells, but salt water was encountered to a depth 

of 3,500 feet.)

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Elevated tank, about 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 105.

Treatment: Chlorination; reservoirs treated in summer with copper sulfate.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Jan. 15,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SlOi) .-. -

Parts 

per 

million

1.8

.13

28

4.3

12

5.6

111

Equivalents per 

million

1.40

.35

.51

.14

1.82

Sulfate (SOO-- ----- --

Chloride (Cl)... -

Fluoride (F)_... 

pH 

Parts 

per 

million

23

3.0

.4

.2

146

88

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.48

.08

.02

0

754993 4S
166 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

"WHTTNEY

Population in 1940: 824.

Source of information: R. H. Wilson, water superintendent, Jan. 13, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. At pumping station; drilled prior to 1900; reported depth, 1,575 

feet; diameter, 6 inches; flows; pressure when drilled reported to have been 

about 40 feet above land surface and yield about 140 gallons a minute; 

present yield, about 20 gallons a minute.

Well 2. About 100 feet southeast of well 1; drilled in 1925; depth, 1,280 

feet; diameter, 6 inches; flowfe; pressure, 29 feet above land surface; yield, 

about 40 gallons a minute.

Well 3. About 300 feet southwest of well 1; drilled in 1942 by Layne-Texas 

Co.; depth, 1,282 feet; diameter, 8 to 5 inches; casing perforated from 1,129 

to 1,282 feet; flows 65 gallons a minute. 

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 51,000 gallons; elevated tank, 55,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 265. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis of composite sample, wells 1, 2, and 3 

[Collected Jan. 13,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) 10

.03

3.6

1.6

223

8.6

394

0.18

.13

9.68

.22

R AA

Sulfate (SO<). ................

Chloride (Cl)..... ............

Nitrate (NO3) .

Total dissolved solids.. . ...

pH......-.. -.-. . ......

129

37

.3

1.5

622

16

8.4

2.69

1 04

.02

no

Drillers' log, well 3

Chalk......-..- _ _.- 

Do......-.. ... ...... .

Do.. ...... 

Do...... .................

Thickness 

(feet)

20

10

95

15

70

30

60

10

5

. 40

10

20

15

12

18

30

6

1

113

10

20

20

85

15

105

25

Depth 

(feet)

20

30

125

140

210

240

. 300

315

355

365

385

400

412

430

460

466

467

580

590

610

630

715

, dtjjj ;

860 Sand... ____________

Thickness 

(feet)

30

15

15

15

25

10

15

2

3

8

15

4

3

5

10

7

28

5

14

6

7

9

7

5

42

Depth 

(feet)

eon

, 905

920

935

Qfifi

Q7fi

985

Qft7

990

998

1,013

1,017

1,020

1,025

1,030

1 040

1,047

1,075

1,080 i ficn

1,100

1,107

1,123

1,128

1,270
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES' 167

HOPB3NS COUNTY 

COMO

Population in 1940: 412.

Source of information: A. B. Moore, well driller, July 21, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well in north part of town; drilled in 1926 by B. A. Moore; 

depth, 229 feet; diameter, 6 inches; casing perforated from 149 to 229 feet; air 

lift; static water level, 58.8 feet below land surface on July 21, 1942; yield, 10 

gallons a minute with draw-down of 7 feet after 6 hours of pumping on July 23, 

1942; reported yield, 75 gallons a minute whei drilled; temperature, 70° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 10,000 gallons a day.

Number of customers: About 100.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected July 23,1942. Analyzed by J. W. Yetf, Jr.]

Silica (SiO2)-_ _____ .........

Iron (Fe) _-..._ ........

(Na+K). ..................

Parts 

per 

million

47

3.2

24

Q.4

45

130

Equivalents per 

million

1.198

.773

1.973

2.131

Sulfate (8O4). _

Chloride (CL._ ._.._. .... _.

"NTitrftfo r\TO«^

pH .............. ..........

Parts 

per 

 million

53

25

.1

0

280

99

7.3

Equivalents per 

million

1.103

.705

.005

0

Driller's log, well 1

Coal.. ____________

Thickness 

(feet)

47

12

1

4n

Depth

(feet)

47

59

60

100

Thickness 

(feet)

2

33

94

Depth 

(feet)

102

135

229

CDMBY

Population in 1940: 642.

Source of information: M. F. Cross, mayor.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well near elevated taiJk; drilled in 1924; depth, 710 feet; 

diameter, 8 to 4 inches; one joint of perforated casing at bottom; deep-iftell turbine 

pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 480 feet; static water level 

reported, 90 feet below land surface in 1937; yield, 55 gallons a minute with drawdown more thai. 300 feet; temperature, 77° F.

Pumpage: Average, 30,000 to 35,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated talk, 50,000 

gallons.

Treatmeit: None.
168 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected July 29,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SlOj) ... .

Calcium (Ca)__.. ______

(Na+K) ...................

Parts 

per 

million

22

.03

1.4

.4

220

472

Equivalents per 

million

0.07

.03

9.57

7.74

Sulfate (SOO - - 

Chloride (Cl) . .............

Nitrate (NO3)-~- ...

pH.__ 

Parts 

per 

million

41

38

.01

0

555

5

8.9

Equivalents per 

million

0.85

1.07

.01

0

STJUPHUR SPRINGS

Population in 1940: 6,742.

Source of information: W. B. Raney, water superintendent, Nov. 18, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two impounding reservoirs, one at west edge of city built 

in 1905, capacity 230,000,000 gallons; the other 2 miles northwest, built 1938, 

capacity 120,000,000 gallons.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

April...-- . 

1941

296,000

303,000

307,000

352,000

422,000

425,000

1942

331, 000

305,000

234,000

330,000

475,000

422,000

1943

337,000

330,000

344,000

366,000

433,000

495, 000

July.. -___ _

1941

539,000

514,000

330,000

371,000

326, 000

307,000

1942

528, 000

495, 000

305, 000

361,000

340,000

318, 000

1943

566, 000

658,000

499,000

352,000

Storage: Elevated tank, 250,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 2,000.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation, sedimentation, rapid sand filter, and 

chlorination.

Analyses of lake water

[Collected Nov. 18,1943. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (Si02)..._. ................. .............

Calnuim (Ca)

Potassium (K).... ........... _ ___. ... ...

Bicarbonate (HCOs) -- _ ----- _ 

Sulfate(SO4) 

Chloride (Cl)-. ... ...........

Fluoride(F)-.. .. .... ............

Nitrate(NOj)-.-.... ....... .............

pH... .... 

Eaw water

Parts per 

million

2.7 

.06 

10 

4.4 

11 

3.4 

52 

17 

. 6.0 

.6 

.5 

88 

43 

7.6

Equivalents 

per million

0.499 

.362 

.467 

.087 

.852 

.354 

.169 

.032 

.008

Finished water

Parts per 

million

2.0 

.02 

29 

4.5 

11 

2.6 

34 

74 

9.0 

.1 

.2 

158 

91 

6.8

Equivalents 

per million

1.447 

.370. 

.476 

.067 

.557 

1.541 

.254 

.005 

.003
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 169

HOUSTON COUNTY

CROCKETT

Population in 1940: 4,536.

Source of information: Geo. Sraun, water superintendent, June 21, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells 4 blocks west of city hall.

Well 1. Drilled in 1930 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 544 feet; diameter, 

16 to 8 inches; screen from 415 to 538 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 40- 

horsepower electric motor; pump set at 190 feet; static water level, 113.5 

below measuring point on Aug. 12, 1930; yield, 508 gallons a minute with 

draw-down of 63 feet.

Well 2. Drilled in September 1934 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 576 feet; 

diameter 16 to 8% inches; screens from 386 to 428, 491 to 512, and 532 to 

553 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 40-horsepower electric motor; pump 

set at 199 feet; static water level, 150 feet below measuring point on July 11, 

1940; yield, 400 gallons a minute with draw-down of 55 feet. 

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 350,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Two ground reservoirs, 200,000 gallons; two elevated tanks, 

75,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 1,000.

Treatment: Splash aeration, filtration through slow sand filters containing 

limestone sand with graduated gravel base at the bottom of the filter, and 

chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected June 21,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOi)- -

Iron (Fe). ........ ___ .... ........

Calcium (Ca) . _ _ . ..........

Magnesium (Mg) __ ______

Sodium (Na)~_~ .. . 

Potassium (K) ______ v .........

Bicarbonate (HCOs) _ .... __ .-..

Sulfate(SO4) _ ... ..........--..

Chloride (Cl).._ ....................

Fluoride (F)... . ........ ............

Nitrate (NOa)-. 

pH.................................

WelU

Parts per 

million

43

1.7

7.4 

3.5 

54 

3.8 

73 

45 

34 

0 

0 

231 

33 

6.4

Equivalents per 

million

0.369 

.288 

2.339 

.097 

1.197 

.937 

.959 

0 

0

Well 2

Raw water

Parts per 

million

37 

1.6

32 

5.2 

26 

4.8 

75 

52 

34 

.2 

.1 

237 

101 

6.4

Equivalents per 

million

1.597 

.428 

1.136 

.123 

1.229 

1.083 

.959 

.011 

.002

Finished water

Parts per 

million

39 

.08

22 

4.5 

51 

10 

104 

51 

36 

.2 

.2 

264 

73 

7,7

Equivalents per 

million

1.098 

.370 

2.226 

.102 

1.705 

1.062 

1.015 

.011 

.003
170 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs 

WeUl

Soil...... .__ _.. ___

Sand.. .. . _ .. .

Hard shale __________

Sand... _____ . ..........

Shate............ .............

Rock _____ . ..............

Hard shale _ ................

Hard shale __ ________

Sand rock _____ ..........

Hard shale ...................

Sand rock __ ..............

Thickness 

(feet)

10

6

26

13

36

1

20

2

10

1

12

1

24

1

10

1

Depth 

(feet)

10

16

42

56

91

92

112

114

124

125

137

138

162

163

173

174

Rock........ .................

Sand

Thickness 

(feet)

20

1

6

1

9

1

38

25

60

9

15

32

43

6

104

Depth 

(feet)

194

195

201

202

211

212

250

275

335

344

359

391

434

440

544

Well 2

Top soil. ___________

Clay.... ....................

Shale and boulders ...........

Sand.. ___ ...... ___ . ...

Shale and lignite _ ..........

Sand . .-.

Thickness 

(feet)

1

12

42

188

18

3

24

4

Depth

(feet)

5

6

18

60

248

266

269

293

297

Sand ___ - _ ____ - 

Thickness 

(feet)

15

63

76

10

47

20

20

8

Depth 

(feet)

312

375

451

461

508

528

548

576

GRAPBL.AND

Population in 1940: 1,327.

Source of information: Ben Brooks, water superintendent, June 24, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled by J. W. Jackson; depth, 746 feet; diameter, 6 inches;

60 feet of screen at bottom; deep-well turbine pump; static water level

reported, 185 feet below measuring point; yield 130 gallons a minute. . Well 2. Drilled in 1941 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth 784 feet; diameter 8

to 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump; reported yield 190 gallons a minute with

draw-down of 15 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 60,000 to 75,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 235. 

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 171

[Collected June 24,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowtey]

Silica (SlOji)-- -- - - . 

Iron (Fe) __

SoriiTiTn (Na)

Potasshifn (K) _ .................. __ .. __________

Bicarbonate(HC03) . - ..

Sulfete (SOO- ..........

Chloride (01) __ __..-_- _.._

Fluoride(F). ......................................

Nitrate (NOa) ................ ...................

Total dissolved solids ________________

pH

Welll

Parts per 

million

12 

.89 

1.1 

.3 

138 

2.0 

316 

31 

9.0 

.8 

.8 

361 

4 

8.0

Equivalents 

per million

0.06 

.02 

6.02 

.06 

5.19 

.65 

.25 

.04 

.01

Well 2

Parts per 

million

13 

.04 

1.1 

.3 

148 

1.8 

320 

32 

19 

1.0 

2.0 

376 

4 

8.0

Equivalents 

per million

0.06 

.02 

6.42 

.05 

5.25 

.67 

.54 

.05 

.03

Drillers' log, well 1

Sand.. __ ....... _____

Rock

Sand and shale ________

Rock

Thickness 

(feet)

8

30

70

7

2

60

4

Depth

(feet)

8

38

108

115

117

177

181

Sand ____

GiiTnbo ,,i ...

Thickness 

(feet)

69

210

30

50

15

81

110

Depth 

(feet)

250

460

490

540

555

636

746

LOVELADY

Population in 1940: 542.

Source of information: Grady Stone, water superintendent, June 24, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well, 0.5 mile east of water tower; drilled about 1936; depth, 

150 feet; diameter, 8 inches; 22 feet of screen at bottom; deep-well turbine pump; 

yield, 90 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, about 20,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 55,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation with lime, sedimentation, chlorination.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected June 24,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silicia (SiOs). ................

Iron (Fe). ___ . _______

Sodium (NTa)

Parts 

per 

million

50

13

25

5.6

133

7.6

236

Equivalents per 

million

1.25

.46

6.79

10

3.87

Sulfate (804) .. 

Chloride (Cl) .............. 

Fluoride (F)__ ...... ..._. 

pH

Parts 

per 

million

85

71

.9

0

503

86

7.2

Equivalents per 

million

1.77

2.00

.05

0
172 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

HUNT COUNTY 

BOLES ORPHAN HOME (about 5 miles nortfc of Qulnlan)

Population in 1943: 300.

Source of information: Mrs. J. B. Nelson, home superintendent, Sept. 13, 1943.

Owner: Boles Orphan Home.

Source of supply: Well 1,000 feet east of the home; drilled in 1936; depth, 560 

feet; deep-well turbine pump and 5-horsepower electric motor; reported yield, 

30 to 40 gallons a minute; temperature, 75° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 50,000 gallons; average, 25,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 25,000 gallons.

Number of customers: Home.

Treatment: None.

well 1

[Collected Sept. 13,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silicia (SiOs).. ...............

Iron (Fe)---_--------.. .--.--.

Sodium (Na).. __ . __ . ...

Bicarbonate (HCO3) _--.....

Parts 

per 

million

21

.09

4.7

1.4

663

5.0

719

Equivalents per 

million

.12

28.81

.13

11.80

Chloride (Cl) .................

Fluoride (F). ................

Nitrate (NO»). ....... ...

PH......... ... ............

Parts 

per 

million

161

492

2.9

6.8

1,710

18

8.0

Equivalents per 

million

3.35

13.88

.15

.11

CADDO MILLS

Population in 1940: 390.

Source of information: Ed Morgan, water superintendent, Sept. 13, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir 0.5 mile southwest of town; constructed 

in 1939; area under water, 50 acres.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 8,000 to 10,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 106.

Treatment: Coagulation with sedimentation, chlorination, alum, and lime.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Sept. 13,1943. 'Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj)... ....... ........

Iron(Fe)-. _____ .. ....

Magnesium (Mg). ..........

Sodium (Na).--. __ .... _ .

Potassium (K) .........

Parts 

per 

million

17

.15

52

4.1

22

6.0

146

Equivalents per 

million

2.595

.337

.949

.153

2.393

'

Sulfate (BOO . . 

Chloride (01)....... . ...

Fluoride (F)_. ...............

Nitrate (N03)~ - . 

Y\TT

Parts 

per 

million

36

30

.6

.8

256

147

7.5

Equivalents per 

million

0.750

.846

.032

.013

CELESTE

Population in 1940: 730.

Source of information: Ellis Sumron, water superintendent, and J. W, Ewing, 

city secretary, Sept. 23, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 173

Source of supply: Well near elevated tank; drilled in August 1937 by Marks 

& Meadows; depth, 1,880 feet; diameter, 8 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 

15-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 340 feet; static water level, 223 feet 

below land surface in 1940 and 261 feet on Dec. 16, 1942; yield, 35 gallons a 

minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 10,000 gallons a day. From July 25 to Aug. 

25, 1943, pumpage was 950,000 gallons, of which 400,000 gallons was supplied to 

city of Leonard.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 142.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Sept. 13,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SIOj) _ ... 

Iron (Fe)-_ ____ . ___ ...

Sodium (Na). ...... _..__...._

Potassium (K) .

Parts

Iff minion

23

.07

2.6

.7

326

18

501

Equivalents per 

million

0

1 Q

.06

U 1Q

.46

8.22

Sulfate (SO4) - . 

Chloride (Cl) .... -. . 

Fluoride (FK_ ... 

Nitrate (NOs) - 

PH.... .; . .- . - 

Parts 

per 

million

170

105

1.6

2.2

896

10

8.1

Equivalents per 

million

3.54

2.96

.08

.04

COMMERCE

Population in 1940: 4,699.

Source of information: M. J. Salmon, water superintendent, Sept. 14, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. About 200 feet north of pump station on North Washington 

Street; drilled in 1914 by Tomlin; depth, 500 feet; diameter, 10 to 8 inches; 

perforated from 374 to 412 feet; static water level, 125 feet below land surface 

when drilled, 190 feet in 1918, 227 feet in 1925, 220 feet in 1935, 228 feet in 

1941, and 226 feet on Nov. 7, 1943.

Well 2. 583 feet northwest of well 1; drilled in 1923 by Jones; depth, 

580 feet; diameter, 12}^ inches; casing perforated from 375 to 435 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump and 60-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 400 

feet; reported static water level, 235 feet below land surface on Feb. 6, 1939; 

yield, 285 gallons a minute with draw-down of 70 feet; temperature, 72J4° F. 

Well 3. 542 feet southeast of well 1; drilled in 1936 by J. L. Myers & Sons; 

depth, 433 feet; diameter, 12% to 10 inches; casing perforated from 365 to 

405 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 60-horsepower electric motor, pump 

set at 400 feet; static water level, 210 feet below land surface when drilled 

and 235 feet in 1939; yield, 335 gallons a minute.

Average pumpage in»1943, in gallons a day

303,000

288,000

334,000

358,000

365,000

363,000

July ........ 430,000

494,000

Storage: Two concrete ground reservoirs, 260,000 gallons; elevated tank, 

50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 1,254. 

Treatment: None.
174 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analyses 

[Collected Sept. 14,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOs) ..-.....-....._...._.......__..._._.

Calcium (Ca)... _____ . __ --.------..-_--_._-

Magnesium (Mg) _______ . ______ . ......

Sodium (Na)-_ ---.--. _ .-.__.._._._-._ . . _ . ..

Potassium (K) .....................................

Bicarbonate (HCOs).. --.-.... __ ..... __ .......

Sulfate (SOO - .-..... . ................. .

Chloride (Cl)........ ..............................

Fluoride(F). ...... ...... ............. ...

Nitrate (NO»)...._... ..............................

Total hardness as CaCOs ______________

pH..... .............................. ..............

Well 2

Parts per 

million

14 

.03 

2.7 

.5 

256 

10 

474 

73 

80 

.5 

.8 

678 

8 

9.0

Equivalents 

per million

6.13 

.04 

11.15 

.26 

7.76 

1.52 

2.26 

.03 

.01

WellS

Parts per 

million

10 

.03 

2.9 

.4 

266 

6.4 

471 

91 

80 

.3 

.5 

694 

8 

8.8

Equivalents 

per million

0.14 

.03 

11.56 

.16 

7.71 

1.89 

2.26 

.02 

.01

Driller's log, well 8

Surface soil __ . _______

Gray shale. _________

Medium hard lime rock . . __

Variation of light and dark 

gray shale. ______ . ....

Thickness 

(feet) .

8

7

8

177

2

3

5

6

149

Depth 

(feet)

8

15

23

9/irt

202

205

210

215

364

Thickness 

(feet)

1

40

7

5

8

5

3

Depth 

(feet)

365

405

412

417

425

430

433

GHREENVILJjE

Population in 1940: 13,995.

Source of information: Scot Wright, city commissioner of utilities, Sept. 11, 

1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Four impounding reservoirs north of city supplied with water 

from the Sabine River (these reservoirs also supply the small towns of Revilon 

and Penill); capacity, No. 1, 36,000,000 gallons; No. 2, 52,000,000 gallons; No. 

3, 136,000,000 gallons; and No. 4, 636,000,000 gallons.

Pumpage: Maximum, 2,950,000 gallons; average, 2,500,000 gallons a day 

in 1943.

Storage: Four concrete ground reservoirs, 415,000 gallons each; standpipe, 

178,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 3,617. 

Treatment: Coagulation, sedimentation, and chlorination.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 175

Analysis of raw water from concrete reservoir No. 

[Collected Sept. 11,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Silica (SiOs)... .._.-._ .......

Iron (Fe) _____ . _____

Calcium (Ca). ___.--._- _ ...

Sodium (Na). ....... __ ...._

Parts 

per 

million

5.6

.05

38

4.9

12

A. ?

127

Equivalents per 

million

1.897

.403

.523

.110

2.082

Sulfate (SOt). ................

Chloride (Cl)_... .............

Fluoride (F)_..__... ..........

Nitrate (N03)__. ....... ......

pH.__.- .. ..........

Parts 

per 

million

27

9.0

.6

.2

174

115

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

0.562

.254

.032

.003

QUINLAJST

Population in 1940: 677.

Source of information: W. G. Griffis, water commissioner, Sept. 11, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 1 block east and % block south of post office; drilled 

in 1910 by Chiloote; depth, 157 feet; diameter, 6 inches; lower 40 feet of casing 

perforated; deep-well turbine pump and 5-horsepower electric motor; pump set 

at 140 feet; static water level reported, 100 feet below land surface; yield, 18 

gallons a minute; temperature, 68J4° F.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Elevated tank, 12,600 gallons.

Number of customers: 125.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Sept. 11,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowleyl

Silica (SlOj) 

Calcium (Ca). ......... _ ...

Potassium (K)

Bicarbonate (HCOa). ____

Parts 

per 

million

16

4.2

60

4.1

161

5.0

383

Equivalents per 

million

2.99

.34

6.99

.13

6.28

Sulfate (SOt). ................

Chloride (Cl)..... L... . 

Fluoride (F) ........ ... .......

Nitrate (NOa) ----- 

pH......... ..................

Parts 

per 

million

111

63

.5

3.0

612

166

7.3

Equivalents per 

million

2.31

1.78

.03

.05

WCMLF CITY

Population in 1940: 1,339.

Source of information: W. O. Gilmer, city secretary, Sept. 15, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir 0.5 mile east of town; constructed in 

1916; area under water, 56 acres; maximum depth 40 feet. (A well drilled to a 

depth of 1,760 feet yielded saline water.)

Pumpage: Maximum, 50,000 gallons; average, about 35,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Two concrete ground reservoirs; elevated tank, 32,000 gallons; combined capacity, 172,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 300.

Treatment: Coagulation, sedimentation, and chlorination.
176 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Sept. 15,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Silica (BiQ^). .................

Iron (Fe) - _ .......

Calcium (Ca)_ ___ . __

Potassium (K)...... .........

Bicarbonate (HC Os) --------

Parts 

per 

million

7.6

.06

16

4.2

5. -5

4.8

72

Equivalents per 

million

0.799

.345

OQQ

1.180

Chloride (Cl). - ...... .... ..

Fluoride (P).._ . _. 

pH 

Parts 

per 

million

12

1

.6

1.0

96

57

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

0.250

.028

.032

.016

JACKSON COUNTY 

EDNA

Population in 1940: 2,724.

Source of information: J. E. Porch, water superintendent, Oct. 1, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1930 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 416 feet; 

diameter, 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump; yield, 532 gallons a minute; temperature, 75° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 200,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 100,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 700.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Oct. 1,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiO2) 

Iron (Fe) .

Parts 

per 

million

14

.07

25

13

} 181

q7n

Equivalents per 

million

1.25

1.07

7. 86

Chloride (Cl)._ 

pH 

Parts 

per 

million

2.0

144

.4

0

561

116

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

0.04

4.06

.02

0

Drillers' log, well 1

Soil-. .._ 

Clay. 

Sand..----...-- -----------

Clay-.-- ... ..... .....

Sand..- ____ -------

Sand ....

Shale 

Thickness 

(feet)

3

37

12

65

41

5

21

8

17

24

Depth 

(feet)

3

40

66

131

172

177

198

206

223

247

Shale. _ . - _. 

Shale 

Thickness 

(feet)

14

44

2

37

5

12

7

44

1

3

Depth 

(feet)

261

305

307

344

349

361

368

412

413

416
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 177

GANADO

Population in 1940: 717.

Source of information: E. D. Andrews, water superintendent, Sept. 30, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1938 by McMaster & Pomeroy; depth, 267 

feet; diameter, 6 inches; screen from 224 to 256 feet; deep-well turbine pump; 

yield, 169 gallons.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 35,000 galloris a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 200.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Sept. 30,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiO2) -- -

Calcium (Oa)... . ........

Potassium (K)

Bicarbonate (HCO3) _____

Parts 

per 

million

35

.05

90

17

1 SI / 31

242

Equivalents per 

million

4.49

1.40

1.36

3.97

Sulfate (SOd ~ 

Chloride (Cl) .. -. 

Fluoride (F) 

Nitrate (NO3)-~ - 

PH...... ............

Parts 

per 

million

14

105

.2

1.0

465

294

7.4

Equivalents per 

million

0.29

2.96

.01

.02

Drillers' log, well 1

Sand....._ . 

Clay..... .. . ..._...,

Thickness 

(feet)

19

33

10

12

50

Depth 

(feet)

19

52

62

74

124

Thickness 

(feet)

76

24

32

11

Depth 

(feet)

200

224

256

267

JASPBB COUNTY 

BESSMAY

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: D. R. Byrd, superintendent, Apr. 14, 1942,

Owner: Kirby Lumber Co.

Source of supply: Three wells at sawmill of Kirby Lumber Co.

Well 1. Drilled in 1902; depth, about 1,100 feet; diameter, 8 inches; air lift.- 

Well 2. Drilled by O. C. Adams; depth, 761 feet; diameter, 5 inches; 

screen from 704 to 749 feet; air lift.

Well 3. Drilled in 1936 by Frank Balcar; depth, 280 feet; diameter, 9 

inches; screen from 260 to 280 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 600,000 gallons a day for sawmill and town. 

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 65,000 gallons; elevated tank, 65,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 175. 

Treatment: None.
178 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analyses 

[Collected April 14,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Sulfate (SOt).. ......... ............

Chloride (Cl)._ _ - . ..

Nitrate (NOs) ------ - 

Total dissolved solids ___ . ........

Welll

Parts 

million

17

2.2

J 39

146 

4 

7.5 

.1 

0 

142 

51

Equivalents per 

million

0.85 

.18

1.70

2.39 

.08 

.21 

.01 

0

Well 2

Parts 

per 

million

20 

1.7

36

146 

4 

6 

.3 

0 

140 

56

Equivalents per 

million

1.00 

.14

1.57

2.39 

.08 

.17 

.02 

0

WellS

Parts 

per 

million

6.8

2.2

27

61 

3 

23

0 

92 

26

Equivalents per 

million

0.34 

.18

1.17

1.00 

.06 

.65

.00

Driller's log, well 3

Shale .

Thickness 

(feet)

18

3

77

52

20

Depth 

(feet)

18

21

98

150

170

Clay.. -. 

Thickness 

(feet)

24

57

1

8

20

Depth 

(feet)

194

251

252

260

280

JASPER

Population in 1940: 3,497.

Source of information: Grover Calvert, water superintendent, Apr. 10, 1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well at 900 North Main Street; drilled in 1930 by LayneTexas Co.; depth, 581 feet; diameter, 10 to 6 inches; screens from 403 to 445 and 

534 to 577 feet; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor; static water level, 70 

feet below land surface in 1930; yield, 411 gallons a minute with draw-down of 

55 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 140,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 300,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 450.

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Apr. 10,1941. Analyzed by E. W. Lobr and J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Silica (SiO«). .................

Calcium (Ca) ___ .. .......

MagnAjsinm (Mg)

Potassium (K)..._._ .........

Parts 

per 

million

58

.07

9.3

1.0 } »

35

Equivalents per 

million

0.464

.082

.435

.574

i

Sulfate (SO*)...,.- ........

Chloride (Cl)..._.._ ..........

Fluoride (V). .................

Nitrate (NOj). ...... .........

pH _. . 

Parts 

per 

million

14

4.1

.2

0

126

27

6.5

Equivalents per 

million

0.292

.116 -.on

0
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES

Drillers' log, well 1

179

Clay............ ............

Sand, gravel, and clay streaks -

Clay . .- . ...

Sand _____________

Thickness 

(feet)

2

16

li

7

7

27

' 69

45

21

15

31

Depth 

(feet)

2

18

29

36

43

70

139

184

205

220

251

Olay;........... .............

Sand.. __ . __ . ...........

Thickness 

(feet)

113

9 -18

12

49

8

14

42

65

1

Depth 

(feet)

364

373

391

403

452

460

474

516

681

582

HXRBY VJLLLE

Population in 1940: 1,088.

Source of information: F. L. Henry, water superintendent, Apr. 10, 1942. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1927 by J. W. Jackson; depth, 1,490 feet; 

diameter, 6 inches; flows 175 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 80,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 100,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 280.

Treatment: None..

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Apr. 10,1942. Analyzed by B. Irelan]

Silica (SIOS). .................

Parts 

per 

million

28

.30

40

1.7

j 32

188

Equhfa-t 

lents per 

million

1.997

.140

1.397

3.082

Sulfate (SO4)-~ ... - 

Chloride (Cl)............. .

Nitrate (NOs)...... ..........

pH..._...__..._............._

Parts 

per 

million

12

7.0

.1

0

214

107

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.250

.197

.005

0

JEFFERSON COUNTY 

BEAUMONT

Population in 1940: 59,061 (estimated in 1944, 90,000).

Source of information: F. H. Newman, water superintendent, Apr. 14, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Neches River. Water is obtained through a canal from a 

point 5 miles upstream from Beaumont.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 6,000,000 gallons; maximum, 9,000,000 

gallons; average, 7,500,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 5,000,000 gallons; two elevated tanks, 

1,000,000 and 500,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 14,760.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation with alum and lime, sedimentation, rapid 

sand filter,, and chlorination.
180 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Apr. 14,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (Si02)-. -- -

Sodium (Na) - - 

Parts 

per 

million

15

.96

9.3

3.7

15

3.6

30

Equivalents per 

million

n 4.R4

.304

.640

.092

.492

Sulfate (SOt). ................

Chloride (Cl) ..-___..._...___.

Nitrate 0<SOt). ...............

pH .. .......

Parts 

per 

million

14

24

.6

.5

131

38

6.5

Equivalents per 

million

0.291

.677

.032

.008

Population in 1940: 1,500.

Source of information: Geo. Crane, water superintendent, April 1944.

Ownership Municipal.

Source of supply: Wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1935 by F. L. Balcar; depth, 510 feet; diameter, 6 inches;

deep-well turbine pump; static water level, 13.90 feet below measuring point

on Mar. 7, 1941; reported yield, 70 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1937 by F. L. Balcar; depth, 510 feet; diameter, 6 to

4% inches; screen from 488 to 510 feet; deep-well turbine pump; reported

yield, 70 gallons a minute; temperature, 75° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 140,000 gallons; maximum, 170,000 gallons; 

average, 160,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 80,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 700. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses 

[Collected Jan. 10,1945. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silicia(SiOj) -- -

Iron (Fe) ... .. . . .... :... ..........

Bicarbonate (HCOs).--,-..-. . _ ________

Sulfate (SO4)- -_ -- _..

Chloride (Ol)...... . ..... - _.-. .-..._

Eluoride(F). ....................................

Nitrate (NOs) ..... .. . ......... ......

Total hardness as CaCOs.. ____ . ____ . ....

pH_-.-.__ .........................................

Welll

Parts per 

million

25 

.10 

8.2 

2.8 

328 

'7.0 

273 

2 

372 

1.0 

1.5 

885 

32 

7.6

Equivalents 

per million

0.41 

.23 

14.25 

.18 

4.47 

0.04 

10.49 

.05 

.02

Well 2

Parts per million

26 

.01 

4.5 

1.5 

269 

5.1 

285 

2 

261 

1.2 

2.8 

721 

17 

7.8

Equivalents 

per million

0.22 

.12 

11.71 

.13 

4.67 

.04 

7.36 

.06 

.05
PUBLIC WATEE SUPPLIES 181

Driller's log, well 2

Thickness 

(feet)

32

6

22

10

39

52

41

13

60

1

24

Depth 

(feet)

32

38

60

70

109

161

172

185

245

240

270

Rock. __________ _.'- __

Sandy-shale _ - -

Thickness 

(feet)

30

26

1

23

32

53

23

22

2

28

Depth 

(feet)

Oflft

326

397

qtrt

382

435

AKA

4&fl

489

510

PORT ARTHUR

Population in 1940: 46,140.

Source of information: J, L. Swanson, water superintendent, April 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Neches River. Water is diverted by canal 15 miles upstream 

from Beaumont.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 3,000,000 gallons; maximum, 4,000,000 gallons; average, 3,500,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Earthen raw-water reservoir, 300,000,000 gallons; concrete ground 

reservoir, 1,000,000 gallons; two elevated tanks, 300,000 gallons each.

Number of customers: No data.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation, sedimentation, rapid gand filter, and chlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Apr. 13,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) ----- -

Parts 

per 

million

16

.40

11

3.5

22

3.3

22

Equivalents per 

million

0.549

.288

.943

.084

.361

Sulfate (S04) _ - 

Chloride (CD _ ... . 

Fluoride (jr~-~ ... ~~'..

PH. -.. . . .. .

Parts 

 million

" -19 \i>

38

.2

. 142

42

6.7

Equivalents per 

million

i'r^OBMfr

1.072 ~~ "T032

.003

PORT , .

Population in 1940: 2,487 (estimated in 1944, 3,080). . 5. .

Source of information: J. R. Hennan, water superintendent,'April 1944.

 Ownership: Municipal. 

Source of supply: Neehes River. Water is diverted by canal from a point 15 

miles upstream from Beaumont.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 500,000 gallons; maximum, 700,000 gallons; 

average, 600,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Two concrete ground reservoirs, 120,000 and 240,000 gallons; elevated 

tank, 75,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 1,000.

Treatment: Coagulation, sedimentation, rapid sand filter, and chlorination. 

754993 48 13
182 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES I]ST EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Apr. 13, 1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOt) 

Iron (Fe) -- - 

Calcium (Ca)---_ ______

Sodium (Na). . ...... ...,:.... .

Parts 

per 

million

1.5

10

2.8

16

3.0

27

Equivalents per 

million

0.499

.230

.681

.077

.443

Sulfate (SCU) -- 

Chloride (Cl)...- . -. ..

Fluoride (F) .. ... ... ... ....

pH.. ....... ... 

Parts 

per 

million

13

26

.6

158

36

6.7

Equivalents per 

million

.73-

.03

Off

VOTH

Population in 1940: 600.

Source of information: E. L. Jones, water superintendent, April 1944.

Owner: Kirby Lumber Corp.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1937 by J. D. Adams; depth, 315 feet; diameter 

8 inches; screen from 275 to 315 feet; air lift; reported to have flowed 12 gallons a 

minute when drilled; temperature, 72%° F.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Steel ground reservoir, 12,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 150.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Mar. 11, 1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

(Na-t-K) ... ..

Parts 

per 

million

6.9

1 S.

176

375

1

Equivalents per 

million

.15

6.15

.02

Chloride (Cl) -

Nitrate (NOj) -

-Parts 

.per 

million

69

.7

0

315

25

Equivalents per 

million

1.95

04

0

KAUFMAN COUNTY

CRAJTOAUL

Population in 1940: 580.

Source of information: John R. Crawford, Jr., operator, July 30, 1943.

Owner: Crandall Deep Well Co.

Source of supply: Well two-blocks east of railroad station and 100 feet south 

of tracks; drilled about 1910; depth, about 2,400 feet; diameter, 6 to 4 inches; 

jet pump and 1 ^-horsepower motor; reported to have flowed when drilled; static 

water level, 55 feet below land surface in 1943; yield, 7 gallons a minute with 

draw-down of 20 feet; temperature, 95° F.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Steel pressure tank, about 2,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 40.

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 183

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected July 30,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Silica (BiOi)..- .__ " 

farts 

per 

million

15

.06

8.5

3.1

13

4.0

1,210

Equivalents per 

million

0.42

OK

58.98

.10

19 79

Sulfate (SO4). -

Chloride (CD - _

Fluoride (F) ... __ -

Nltsate (NO«)~. . ~-

Total dissolved solids.. _ ...

Parts 

million

269

1,210

3.7

2.2

3,470

34

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

5.60

34.13

.19

.04

FORNEY

Population in 1940: 1,295.

Source of information: A. A. Hinton, manager, July 30, 1943.

Owner: Forney Ice & Water Co.

Source of supply: Well 2 blocks west and 2 blocks north of railroad station; 

drilled in 1909; depth, 2,051 feet; diameter, 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump 

and 5-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 100 feet; reported to have flowed 

until 1920; static water level, 65 feet below land surface in 1942; yield, 100 gallons a minute with draw-down of 30 feet; temperature, 100° F.

Pumpage: Average, 75,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete reservoir, 30,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 325.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected July 30,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Silica (SiOj) - . 

Iron (Fe)__. _________ ..

Calcium (Ca). ____ . __

Magnesium (Mg). __ . __

Sodium (Na)__._. _ . ____ .

Potassium (K)... __ ._ __

Bicarbonate (HCO8). ........

Parts 

million

6.0

.02

6.7

2.1

985

3.8

1,100

Equivalents per 

million

0.33

.17

42.81

.10

18.08

'

Sulfate (8OQ. ................

Chloride (CD .. . _ ... 

Fluoride (F) . _ .........

Nitrate (NO.).. __ ...

pH ... ................. ....

Parts 

per 

million

453

548

4.0

14

2,570

25

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

9.43

15.46

.21

.23

Driller's log, well 1

'

Soil. .......................

Clay.... __ ..... _____ ...

Sand.... __ .. .... ____ .

White rock... ___ _- .........

Shale- ..__.__ .._.

Lime rock ___________

Shale.. ....................

Black gumbo. __ . ...........

Sandy shale.. __ _____ ..

Thickness 

(feet)

4

16

4

710

360

25

3

140

7

66

425

13

7

19

4

32

Depth 

(feet)

4

20

24

734

1,094

1,119

1,121

1,261

1,268

1,334

1,342

1,767

1,780

1,787

1,810

1,842

 i

Shale .. . . ......

Do.__. ............. .....

Thickness 

(feet)

28

4

21

32

12

6

6

12

10

7

5

2

12

16

10

8

18

Depth 

(feet)

1,870

1,874

1,895

1,927

1,939

1,945

1,951

1,963

1,973

1,980

1,985

1,987

1,999

2,015

2,025

2,033

2,051
184 PUBLIC WATER STJPPLUg IN EASTERN TEXAS

Population in 1940: 2,654.

Source of information: Brown Fender, water superintendent, July 30, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two impounding reservoirs 1 mile northeast of city; capacity, 

about 1,000,000,000 gallons; drainage area, 1.8 square miles.

Pumpage; Maximum, 350,000 gallons; average, 200,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Two concrete ground reservoirs, 250,000 gallons each; elevated tank, 

109,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 650.

Treatment: Coagulation with lime and alum, sedimentation, and chlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected July 30, 1843. Analysed by J. H. BowleyJ

Silica (SiO2) 

Parts 

per 

million

14

.61

18

2.9

7.8

3.0

76

Equivalents per 

million

0.898

.238

.338

.077

1.246

Sulfate (SO<). __ _.__ ........

Chjoride (Cl)....... ...... .

Fluoride (F).._. .......... ...

Nitrate (NO3)~- ... ... ...

pH_..__.-...__ ............

Part? 

per 

million

7.3

4.0

.6

.5

100

67

8.6

Equivalents per 

million

0.162

.113

.032

.008

KEMP

Population in 1940: 990.

Source of information: Maurice Mullins, water superintendent, July 30, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir 2 miles southeast of town; area of 

reservoir, 60 acres; maximum depth, 20 feet.

Pumpage: Maximum, 100,000 gallons; average, 75,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 300.

Treatment: Coagulation with lime and alum, sedimentation, and chlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

Collected July 30,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (Si02)~- 

Calcium (Ca) _______ .

Bicarbonate (HCO3). ___ ..

Parts 

per 

million

10

.69

22

5.1

7.3

2.8

78

Equivalents per 

million

1.098

.419

.316

.072

1.279

Sulfate (SOO -

Chloride (Cl).. ............. ..:

Fluoride(F) ............ ..

Nitrate (NO3). --- - 

pH... ....... ....... ........ -

Parts 

per 

million

91

4.0

1.2

.8

117

76

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

0.437 110

.083

.013
PUBLIC WATEE SUPPLIES 185

MA33AKK

Population in 1940: 963.

Source of information: L. L. Harper, water superintendent, July 30, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir 2 miles southeast of town; capacity, 

about 98,000,000 gallons; drainage area, 150 acres.

Punipage: Maximum, 70,000 gallons; average, 60,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Three concrete ground reservoirs, 100,000 gallons; elevated tank, 

50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 235.

Treatment: Coagulation with lime and alum, sedimentation, and chlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected July 30,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Iron (Fe) - -.

Sodium (Na) -

Parts 

per

million

6.4

7 .40"S

2.7

7.3

2 6

4fi

Equivalents per 

million

0.889

o*>

.317

.067

Sulfate (SO*) ..- ,-.-- 

Chloride (Cl>........ ... . _ ..

Nitrate (NO3) - -

pH .. ____ -- _ - .- .....

Parts 

per 

million

3 '

4.0

1 9

.2

62

31

18

Equivalents per 

million

0.062

.113

.063

.003

Population in 1940: 8,796.

Source of information: iTrank McClary, water superintendent, July 30, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir 2 miles east of city; area, 300 acres; 

maximum depth, 18 feet.

Pumpage: Maximum, 1,250,000 gallons; average, 1,000,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 285,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 1,650.

Treatment: Coagulation with alum, charcoal, rapid sand filter, and ehlorlnation.

Analysis of raw water 

{Collected July 30,1943". Analyzed by J. H. Rowley)

Silica (SiOj) - .............

M&gnesixlm (Mg)._ ..........

Parts 

per 

million

13

.7»

16

3.9

4.0

3.6

63

Equivalents per 

million

0.799

.321

.176

AQO

1.633

8rtlfate {BOd... ..............

Chloride (Cl)-. - 

Fluoride (F) __._ Nitrate (NO*)~. r 

Total hardness as CaCOs -

*kTi

Parts 

per 

million

10*.e

.4

.8

92

56

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

0.203

.IK

.021

.013
186 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

LAMAR COUNTY

BLOSSOM

Population inT1940: 858.

Source of information: L. C. Smallman, pumper, Sept. 20, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Small impounding reservoir 1 mile north of town; built in 

1934; area under water, 45 acres; maximum depth of water, 18 feet.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir/ 20,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 160.

Treatment: Coagulation, sedimentation, pressure filter, and chlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Sept. 20,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

failica (SiO8) - ... ..

Iron (Fe)-.-- __ -_--._. --

Calcium (Ca)..- __ _ . ....

Sodium (Na)._. ____ ......

Parts 

per 

million

2.1

.02

15

1.8

4.6

2.8

64

Equivalents per 

" million

0.749

MB

.199

.072

1 ft4Q

Sulfate (8Ot). ................

Chloride (Cl).... .. . .

Fluoride (F)-~ . ..

Nitrate (NOj)... ... ... ... .

pH 

Parts 

per 

million

3.0

1.0

.4

.5

72

7.9

Equivalents per 

million

0.062

.028

.021-

.008

DEPOKT

Population in*!940: 822.

Source of information: K. V. Kimball, city secretary, Sept. 21, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir about 3 miles west of town; area 

under water,J[l4 acres.

Average pumpage in 1943, in gallons a day 1

12,000

11,000 July......... .........

12,000

15,000

20,000

'.Maximum, 30,000^gallons; minimum, 9,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 65,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 155.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation with lime and alum, sedimentation, pressure 

filter, and chlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Sept. 20,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Silica (Si08) .. . .

Rndiiim (Ma)

Potassium (K)-- _______

Parts 

per 

million

2.1

.03

19

2.6

9.1

2.8

87

Equivalents per 

million

0.948

.214

.396

.072

1.426

Sulfate (8O4).~. -

Chloride (Cl).. ...............

Nitrate (fiOt). ...............

Total hardness as CaCOj.....

pH............. .............

Parts 

per 

million

2.4

3.0

1.0

1.0

92

58

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

0.050

.085

.053

.016
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 187

PARIS

Population in 1940: 18,678.

Source of information: W. ¥. Hick, water superintendent, Septr 21^4943.

Ownership: Municipal. i, ,

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir (Lake Crook) about 4 miles north 

of town; built in 1923; area under water, 1,400 acres; drainage area, 48 square 

miles; capacity when full, 4,000,000,000 gallons; capacity of treating plant, 

3,000,000 gallons a day. This lake supplies Camp Maxey with 59,000,000 to 

75,000,000 gallons per month through government-operated treating plant.

Pumpage: Maximum, 2,800,000 gallons; minimum, 1,000,000 gallons; average, 

1,600,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 500,000 gallons; standpipe, 300,000 gallons.

Number of customers: No record.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation, sedimentation, rapid sand filter, chlorination, and copper-sulfate treatment to lake during summer months for the reduction 

of algae.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Sept. 21,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Kowley]

Silica (SiO2)._. ...............

Iron (Fe) ................

Calcium (Ca) ________

Sodium (Na) ... -..-...-...

Potassium (K) .. ___ . ....

Bicarbonate (HCOs). _ . __

Parts 

. per 

million

6.6

.02

16

2.1

5.6

4.1

51

Equivalents per 

million

0.799

.173

.245

.836

Sulfate (SOO - -

Chloride (Cl).................

Nitrate (NO3). 

pH - . . ...

Parts 

per 

million

16

4.0

.4

1.2

85

49

7.3

Equivalents per 

 minion

0.333

.113

.021

.019

ROXTON

Population in 1940: 900.

Sourpe of information: Dr. Jas. Creed, Sept. 17, 1943.

Owner: Lamar County Water District.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. 500 feet southeast of railroad station; dug in 190-7; depth, 38 feet; 

diameter, 10 feet; deep-well turbin pump and 2-horsepower electric motor; 

static water level, 10 feet below land surface; yield, 75 gallons a minute.

Well 2. 500 feet southeast of railroad station; dug in 1937; depth, 31 feet; 

diameter, 12 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 2-horsepower electric motor; 

static water level, 10 feet below land surface; yield, 75 gallons a minute.

Well 3. Near south edge of town; dug in 1907; depth, 40 feet; diameter, 

12 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 1-horsepower electric motor; used as 

stand-by well.

Pumpage: Average, 20,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 75,000 gallons; elevated tank. 75,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 100. 

Treatment: Chlorination.
188 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis of composite sample, wells 1 and 2 

[Collected Sept. 17,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO2)........._ ........

Iron (Fe)._ _________ .

Calciulfl (Ca)____ _____ .

PHtftSfciiltn (IT)

Parts 

per 

million

4.8

.04

188

10

76

6.3

04. K

Equivalents per 

million

9 38

.82

3.30

.14

Sulfate (SOO ~

Chloride (Cl) _ ... .... ... ...

Fluoride'F). .._. ._.-._ 

Nitrate (NO«) ._ -

pB._. ... ... 

Parts 

million

110

162

0

70

836

510

7.2

Equivalents per 

million

2.29

4.67

0

1.13

LAVACA COtJNTY

Population in 1940: 1,581.

Source of information: A. B. Dusek, utilities superintendent, Feb. 22, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. \% blocks northeast of post office; depth, 329 feet; diameter, 6 

inches; air lift; flowed until 1942.

Well 2. Near well 1; depth, 480 feet; diameter, 3 inches; air lift; flowed 

until 1942.

Well 3. Near wells 1 and 2; depth, 412 feet; diameter, 4% inches; air lift; 

flowed until 1942.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

.

January. ......

February. ..

April..........

1942

134,300

116,100

125,100

134,800

1943

148, 350

141, 850

131,250

147,330

July... ........

1942

138,500

163,700

131,500

150 960

1943

162,830

146,160

163,870

176,420

1942

130,200

130,900

117, 400

117,600

1943

156,930

146,290

167, 230

139, 710

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 40,000 gallons; elevated tank, 125,000 

galldh&.

Number of customers: 461. 

Treatment: None.

Analysts, well 2 

[Collected Feb. 22,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj).. _ ... __ ......

Ittm (Fe).,-_-...._. ..._._. 

Calcium (Ca) . ..........

Magnesium (Mg)_ __ ......

Sodium (Na). ___ . ___ .

Potassium (K)... ............

Bicarbonate (HCOs) ____ .

Parts 

per 

million

17

.23

16

5.4

285

9.4

367

Equivalents! per 

million

0.80

.44

12.41

.24

6.03

Sulfate (S04) . , . -

Chloride (Cl)._... __,_.. ......

Nitrate (NOa) __ ... ___ ...

PH.... ........ ..... . ....

Parts 

per 

million

120

183

.1

0

835

62

as

Equivalents per 

million

2.69

5.16

.01

0
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 189

Population in 194p: 643.

Source of information: William Wachtender, water superintendent^ Feb. 21, 

1944.

Ownership: Municipal,

Source of supply: Well 1 block south of post office; drilled in 1918; depth, 

about 660 feet; diameter, 4 inches; air lift; static water level reported, 90 feet 

below land surface; yield, 65 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 5,000 gallons; maximum, 20,000 gallons; 

average, 12,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 11,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Number of customer?: 108.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 21,1944. Analyzed by J H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj)-. ._ - 

Iron (Fe)_.._ .................

Calcium (Ca).__. ............

Parts 

per 

million

71

.13

71

q ft

165

19

346

Equivalents per 

million

3.54

.31

n to

.49

5.65

Sulfete (SOU)-- 

Chloride (Cl).. ...... .... -

Nitrate (NOj) .. .... .

pH . .................

Parts 

Per 

million

64

160

.1

1.2

744

192

0 A

Equivalents per 

' million

1.33

4.51

.01

 03

SHINER

Population in 1940:1,520.

Source of information: J. F. Degenhart, water superintendent, Feb. 22, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

WelUl. Three blopks east of post office; drilled in 1925 by t-ayne-Texas

Co., depth, 315 feet; diameter, 34 to Q inches; deep-well turbine punlp; well

flows; yield, 200 gallons a minute with pumping level at 122 feet below land

surface on Sept. 8, 1935.

Well 2. Three blocks east of post office; drilled in 1938 by Layne-Texas

Co.; depth, 40Q feet; diameter, 12% to 8% inches; deep-rwell turbine pump;

static water level, 27 feet below measuring point July f, 1938; yield, 108

gallons a minute with draw-down of 50 feet. 

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 7&QOQ gallons, a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 85,000 gallons,; elevated ta#k, J.15,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 35Q. 

Treatment: None.
190 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analyses 

[Collected Feb. 22, 1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowleyj,

Silica (SJOi) .-... ....... . .- ..

Iron (Fe). ..... _ ......... __ ........ _ .......

Calcium (Ca). _______ . _______ . __ ...

Sodium (Na).-._ ______________ . ____ ..

Potassium (K) _____________________

Bicarbonate (HCOs).- . 

Sulfate (SOO 

Chloride(Cl).. ...- .-..- ..........-.......

Fluoride(F). ......................................

Nitrate (NOs) - -- - .-

Total dissolved solids. . ___ . __________

pB... ...........................................

Welll

Parts per 

million

20 

.52 

90 

3.5 

32 

7.1 

300 

19 

37 

.2 

0 

366 

239 

8.2

Equivalents 

per million

4.49 

.29 

1.41 

.18 

4.92 

.40 

1.04 

.01 

0

Well 2

Parts per 

million

28 

.04 

77 

Q.I 

73 

13 

331 

23 

77 

.2 

.2 

471 

230 

8.1

Equivalents 

per million

3.84 

.75 

3.17 

.33 

5.43 

.48 

. 2.17 

.01 

0

Drillers' log, well 1

Soil...........................

Clay........................

Shale - . . . .-

Rock.........................

Shale.... ___________

Thickness 

(feet)

5

32

30

3

4

1

3

7

1

Depth 

(feet)

5

37

67

70

74

75

78

85

86

Shale

Thickness 

(feet)

8

2

22

20

25

1

120

31

Depth 

(feet)

94

96

118

138

163

164

284

315

YOAKUM

Population in 1940: 4,733.

Source of information: L. W. Sheckles, city manager, Feb. 22, 1944. 

Source of supply: Four wells 1 mile southwest of town in DeWitt County. 

Well 1. Drilled in 1932 by Johnson; depth, 105 feet; diameter, 10 inches; 

deep-well turbine pump; static water level, 25 feet below land surface; used 

as stand-by well.

Well 2. Drilled in 1927; depth, 175 feet; diameter, 10 inches; deep* 

well turbine pump; static water level reported, 25 feet below land surface; 

reported yield, 150 gallons a minute.

Well 3. Drilled in 1927; depth, 175 feet; diameter, 10 inches; deepwell turbine pump; static water level, 17.8 feet below measuring point on May 

12, 1937; yield, 175 gallons a minute with draw-down of 26.5 feet.

Well 4. Drilled in 1940 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 109 feet; diameter, 

24 to 10}£ inches; deep-well turbine pump; static water level, 21 feet below 

land surface on Sept. 26,1940; yield, 375 gallons a minute; temperature, 75° F.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 191

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

January .......

February .....

March. .......

1942

250,000

192,000

238,000

200,000

1943

196,000

241,000

209,000

268,000

July...........

1942

261,000

339,000

266,000

229 

' 000

1943

307,000

268,000

305,000

272,000

1942

232,000

256,000

218,000

191,000

1943

319,000

242,000

238,000

233,000

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 40,000 gallons; elevated tank, 250,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 1,400. > 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, wett 4 

[Collected Feb. 22,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO.) .... __ ...

Iron (Fe) . _ . ____ ....

Calcium (Ca)._- ______ .

Magnesium (Mg)_..-_ __

Sodium (Na)_- .............

Potassium (K)___ _ .... __ .

Bicarbonate (HCOs)- .. ....

Parts 

per 

million

39

.05

66

10

67

6.6

272

Equivalents per 

million

3 9Q

.82

9 Q9

.17

4.46

Sulfate (SOO -. 

Chloride (Cl) __ 

Fluoride (F)_ _ .

Nitrate (NOs)- 

pH 

Parts 

per 

million

24

75

.2

6.9

436

206

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

0.50

2.12

.01

.11

Drillers' log, well 4

Soil-........:................

Whi te clay.. .................

White sand...................

Yellow sand..... ________

Packed sand-- ________

Packed sand and chalk _______

Hard clay, sand, and chalk ...

Thickness 

(feet)

15

10

17

22

Depth 

(feet)

11°6

CO

72

so

111

Yellow cl&v

Thickness 

(feet)

30

38

7

2

2

11

Depth 

(feet)

141

179

186

188

190

201

LEE COUNTY 

DIME: BOX

Population in 1940: 509.

Source of information: C. W. Bridges, director, Feb. 18, 1944.

Owner: City Water Co.

Source of supply: Well across street from post office; drilled in 1914 by Kiel 

Caldwell; depth, 465 feet; diameter, 4 inches; deep-well cylinder pump; static 

water level, 39 feet below land surface; yield, 20 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 5,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 10,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 65.

Treatment: None.
192 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN. TEXAS

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 18, 1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO»). ..............

Iron (Fe)---- ___ ........

Calcium (Ca)... _____ ...

Sodium (Na).._ ___ .... ....

Farts 

per 

million

15

.32

6.6

1.4

04

3.6

159

Equiy-a^ 

lents per 

million

0.329

.115

4.070

.092

2.606

SulfaMSO*) . 

Chloride (Cl)... ..............

Fluoride (F) ...... ............'

 Nitrate (NOS) ... .... 

pH...... ..................

Parts 

per 

million

40

40

3 6

2.2

281

222

8.4

Equnr.a» 

tents per 

million

0.833

1.100

.032

.035

Population in 1940: 2,166.

Source of information: R. A. Toler, city manager, Feb. 18, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1931 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,364 feet; diameter, 

12 to 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump; reported static water level, 160 feet 

below land surface in 1930; yield, 100 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1935 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,354 feet; diameter, 

13% to 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump; static water level, 193 feet below 

measuring point in 1944; yield, 272 gallons a minute; temperature, 94^°F. 

Well 3. Drilled in 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,196 feet; diameter, 

12% to 6% inches; screens from 884 to 974,1,024 to 1,054, and 1,154 to 1,194 

feet; static water level, 154 feet below measuring point on June 10, 1942; 

yield, 390 gallons a minute with draw-down of 65 feet; temperature, 89° F.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

February- ....

April..........

1942 1943

127,000

148,000

144,000

166,000

July...........

1Q42

122,000

143,000

1943

155.000

137,000

155,000

158,000

1942

135,000

130,000

152,000

127,000

1943

159,000

139, 000

169, 000

143,000

Storage: Ground reservoir, 55,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 500. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses

[Collected Feb. 18,1944. Analysed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO^. ......................................

Iron (Fe).--.. _ . _ . _ ........... _ .. __ . _ .

 Calcium (Ca).-.. ................ _ .... _ .... ....

Sodium (Na) -.--.... _ ........ _ . __ .. _ ...

Potassium (K)_ ........ ___ . . ..... _ .....

Bicarbonate (HCOs). _ . .....-...-.. ____ ...

Sulfate(SO4) . .. ........... ... .

Chloride (Cl). .....................................

Fluoride (F).... ...... ........................... .

Nitrate (NO3) ................. ..................

Total hardness as CaCOj.. ____ . _ . ...........

pH... ............................................

Well 2

Parts per 

million

12

.01 

5.1 

2.1 

417 

9.4 

779 

155 

94 

1.9 

.8 

1,080 

21 

8.5

Equivalents 

per million

0.25 

.17 

18.11 

0.24 

12.78 

3.23 

2.65 

.10 

.01

i

Well?

Parts per 

million

10 

.10 

17

5.8 307' 

* 15 

261 

344 

127 

.4 

.2 

964 

66 

8.2

Equivalents 

per million

0.85 

.48 

13.33 

.38 

4.28 

7.16 

$.58 

.02 

.00
PUBMC WATER SUPPLIES 193

DrMers* I

Well 1

Shale 

Shale 

Shale 

Shato, hard layers. -----------

'TBidfeness 

(feet)

224

1 6

30

24

38

12

7

4

1

22

1

142

84

Depth 

(feet)

2

226

227

238

263 287*

325,

337

344

348

371

372

514

o98

f

Shale 

Shale 

Rock-.. .

Sticky shale,. .

" Sticky ghtde - __ ......

Thicklie!* 

(feet)

1Q4

Ki

iff

fift

29

34

29

114

23

45

6

10

8

Depth 

(feet)

**«.

Q9£

1,WT

1»07S

1,102

1,136

1,156

1,270

1,271

1 9QA

1,339

1,345

1,355

i 1, 363

Well 2

Soil.. 

White ciafrHard rock, layers' of shate-T- ...

Hard brown shale ------ -

4 

5 

5 

16 

6 

30 

157 

14 24' 

11 

0» 

2 

28 

1 

71 

1 

30 

3 

26

4 

9 

14

30 

36 

66 

223 

237 

261 

272 

371 

373 

481 

4t)2 

473 

474 

504 

507 

533

Rock _ ... .-

Hard brown shale..-- .... 

Hard- shale and layers of sandHard brown shale. _____ -

Brown shale _ ...............

8 

21 

1 

24 

1 

67 

1 

15so112 177- 

32

54 

15 

32

25 

123

, 58

1

541

562 

563 

S&7

656 

671 

721 

833 Lew

1,042 

1,096 

1,111 

1,143 

1,168 

1,291 

1,349 

1,350

WellS

Sand 

Rock- . -u .

Sticky shale. _-.---__-- _ ....

3

18

8

97

3

15

15

6

1

24

14

17

8

8

2

22

27

16

6

5

7

2

12

4

19

16

9

18

72

1

4

2

9

6

10

22

91

3

21

29

-V 31

58

61

76

91

97

no

153

161

168

171

193

220

236

94. *>

' 24>

OKI

268

291

367

316

*%4

408

407

411

413

428 400

460

551

Sand breaks 

Sticky shale-ana shell b¥eak3_

Satidy shate_ . ____ . ___

Fine-grained: hard packed

Sand and shdll, layeite ot^bate.

SSlOL.. .......................

3

18

18

21

36

22

2

12

15

36

31

76

49

9

11

6-

18

5

5

4

7»

28

26

37

,33,

12

17

5

42

28

2

20

554

S7§

590

611

fi-17

669

671

683

698

734

765

841

890

899

910

916

934

939

944

948

t- . li»8

1,046

1,672

1,109

1';218

1,320

1,332

1,349

1,354

1,396

1,424

1,426

1,446
194 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

IJEXINGTON

Population in 1940: 531.

Source of information: Mr. Jenkins, commissioner, Feb. 18, 1944.

^Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1938 by Reihner Bros.; depth, 517 feet; 

diameter, 6 to 4 inches; deep-well turbine pump; yield, 80 gallons a minute; 

temperature, 76°F.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 20,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 118.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 18,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOi) _-_ 

Parts 

million

17

.10

37

8.3

43

9.6

155

Equivalents per 

million

1.847

.683

1.850

.246

2.541

Sulfate (SOO- __

Chloride (Cl).......;.. . ......

Fluride (F) ..._.- .... ..

Nitrate (NOj) ... ... ....

pH .. . 

Parts 

per 

million

 74

19

.1

.2

285

126

8.5

Equivalents per 

million

1.541

536

.005

.003

LEON COUNTY

BUFFAIjO

Population'in 1940: 737.

Source of information: T. Boyken, water superintendent, Apr. 20, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well one block northeast of the railroad station; drilled in 

1936 by J. W. Jackson; depth, 681 feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; screen from 61ft 

to 681 feet; deep-well turbine pump; yield, 500 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 140.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Apr. 20,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj). . . 

Bicarbonate (HCOj). 

Parts 

per 

million

19

.10

14

2.7

4fi

3.0

151

Equivalents per 

million

0.699

.222

2.010

.077

2.475

Sulfate (SOO r~~

Chloride (Cl).._..._..........

Fluoride (F)....... ........

Nitrate (NOj) ..... .....

pH.. ......................

Parts 

per 

million

14

8.0

0

1.0

183

46

8.0

Equivalents per 

million

0 291

.226

0

.016
PUBLIC W&tftft SUPPLIES 195

Driller's log, well 1

-- - - - -

Sandy clay... _ ...

, Thickness 

(feet)

~" 2040^

67

23

17

, 3

- 38

2

24

34

-^epta 

(feet)

"-' W20

127

160

167

170

208

210

234

268

 ._ _ _' _.

Hard sand... __ _ .....

Thickness 

(feet)

14 --- &-

43

4

20

9

63

28

10

175

Depth 

(feet)

282

326

372

376

s 396

405

468

4Ofi

506

681

CENTEBVILJLB

Population in 1940: 900.

Source of information: H. W. Wallace, water superintendent, Apr. 20, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 1 block west of the courthouse in Centerville; drilled in 

1940 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 360 feet; deep-well turbine pump. 

Pumpage: Average, 120,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Elevated tank, 30,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 116. % Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Apr. 20,1943. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings and P. A. Witt]

Silica (SiO»). ................

Calcium (Ca) _____ . ....

Potassium (K).._._ __ _ _ _ Bicarbonate (HCOj). __ ....

Parts 

per 

million

16

.04

41

15

71

9.4

175

Equivalents per 

million

2.05

1 93

3.07

.24

2.87

Sulfate (SO4) -- 

Chloride (Cl)_.... ............

Fluoride (F)._ ...............

Nitrate (NO»). .............

pH .--. -. .- 

Parts 

per 

million

131

35

0

0

411

164

8.1

Equivalents per 

million

2.73

OQ

0

0

Population in 1940: 515.

Source of information: T. C. Evans, mayor, Apr. 20, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well, 3 blocks north of the railroad in the center of town; 

drilled about 1935; depth, 670 feet; diameter, 12 inches; screens from 307 to 329, 

346 to 368, and 378 to 392 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 25-horsepower 

electric motor; pump set at 170 feet; static water level reported, 70 feet below 

land surface. #

Pumpage (estimated): Average 7, 500 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 35,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 74.

Treatment: None. '
196* PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Apr. 20,1943. Analyzed by W. W. fiastings and P. A. Witt]

Silica (SiOj). ._..__.___... 

Iron (Fe)._. .. .. _.._...-

Calcium (Cft)--- ........

Sodium (NaV. .............

Bicarbonate (HCOs)- -

Parts 

per 

million

20

04

39

6.9

21

7.4

146

Equivalents per 

million

1.947

.436,

.916

.189

2.393

Snlfate (SO*)............. ....

Chloride (Cl) _ ..............

,Nitn*t*(NOs) -- " -

Total dissolved solids ____ .

pfi.._....T -_ ...-........_

Parts 

per- - million

22

24

0

219

8.0

Equivalents per 

million

0.45S

.677

0

.008

Drillers' log> well 1

Do..... ... ...............

Thickness 

(feet)

30

6

6

14

3

27

* 1?

2

43

2

40

Depth

(feet)

30

36

42

66

59

86

93

105

107

150

152

192

Sliftle . . ... .....

Shale... ......................

Thickness 

(feet)

4

1

1617.

38

16

8

14

40

46

6

Depth 

(feet)

197

198

214

OQ1

269

285

OQO

307

347

399

NOKMANGEE

Population in 1940: 535.

Source of information: Will Hunt, mayor, Apr. 20, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source Of supply: Well at elevated tank in Normangee; drilled by the Texas 

Water Supply Corp. of Houston,'depth, 1,209 feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; deepwell turbine pump; yield, 150 gallons a minute. (Prior to 1941 Normangee obtained its watei- supply from a nearby Well tapping upper sands Which contained 

water high in ifOfi and very 1<JW In pH.)

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum 50,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 106.

Treatment: None, 

ittv" * - -t '- *K , - Analysis, well 1

[Collected, ART. 20,1943. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings and P. A. Witt]

Silica (Si02)_. ...............

Bicarbonate (HCOs)--.-.----

Parts 

per 

million

14

.01

95

4.8

220

Equivalents per 

million

0.020

.025

4.120

.123

3.606

SlilfSte (SOi). ... ..........

Chloride (Cl)_._- ............

Fluorid? (F)-'.-l . .... .. 

Nitrate (NOj) ....... ........

gHl - - 

Parts 

per 

million

12

14

.4

1 6

250

2

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

0.250

.021
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 197

Drillers' log^ well 1

C\a.y. ........................

CliL-y. ........................

Clay--.--. ...... ........

Bo4i<Iair& - --- ........ -

Clay-.. . : -

Clfty.. .. ..- 

Thickness 

(feet)

34

12

10

1

3

1

3

1

10

5

OA

1

288

85

15

Depth 

(feet)

34

46

!*

57

60

61

64

65

75

80

110

112

«mn

400

Sticky shale----.-----.--.--..

Shale' '-4,. .....................

&aaA... ......................

Thinness 

feet)

145

65

65

84

11

47

68

20

1

68

15

4

30

6

125

Depth 

(feet)

645

6iO

665

749

760

807

875

940

960

961

1044

1^048

1,078

1,084

1,209

OAKWOOD

Population ib 1940: 1,086.

Source of information: G. S. Biggs, water superintendent, Apr. 20, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1930; depth, 189 feet; diameter, 12 to 6 

inches; deep-well turbine pump and 7K-hOrgepower electric motor; bottom of 

suction pipe 146 feet below land surface; original static water level reported, 10 

feet below land surface; static water level, 30 feet in 1942; yield, 30 gallons a 

minute with pumping level at 87 feet on Apr. 20, 194&.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 15,000 to 20,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 60,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 116.

Treatment: None.

well 1

[Collected Apr. 20, 1943. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings and P. A. Wilt]

Silica (SiOt). . -.. 

Parts 

- per 

million

11

.02

35

8.4

29

4.0

181

Equivalents per 

million

1.747

.691

1.261

.102

2 Qfi7

Salfate (SOi). - 

Chloride (Cl).. .... ... .....

Flu&riae (F). - 

Nitrate (NO3) ...... .......

pH ..... ... ..... ..... ... ...

Parts 

per 

million

27

9.0

0

213

122

8 0

i

Equivalents per 

million

0.562

.254

0

.008

COtTNTY

Population in 1940: 1,783.

Source of information: t). J. Billingsley, operator, Apr. 11, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. North well at pump station; drilled in 1938 by Layne-TeXaS Co.; 

depth, 845 feet; diameter, 13% to 7 inches; deep-well turbine pump; yield, 

378 gallons a minute with draw-down of 73 feet. 

754993 48 14
198

Well 2. South well at pump station; drilled in 1938 by Layne-Texas Co.; 

depth, 929 feet; diameter, 13% to 7 inches; screens from 614 to^637, 752 to 

771, and 793 to 833 feet; deep-well turbine pump; yield, 353 gallons a minute 

with draw-down of 78 feet; temperature, 78H°" F.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 110,000 gallons a day; minimum,-85,4)00 

gallons a day; average, 97,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 673. 

Treatment: None.

well 2

[Collected Apr. 11,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj)-.. ...... ..

Sodium (Na) ..............

Parts 

per 

million

17

.12

34

7.2

90

6.7

321

Equivalents per 

million

1.70

.59

3.91

.17

5.26

Sulfate (BOO 

Chloride (Cl)..~ -

Fluoride (F)_._ 

Nitrate (NOO-- -

pH . 

Parts, 

million

15

27

.6

.5

377

114

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

0.31

.76

.03

.01

Drillers' log, well 2

Clay....... ..................

Clay. . .-

Clay.......... ... .... .....

C&y-. ......... .- 

 Clay with saiid: breaks ___ .

Thickness 

(feet)

6

14

6

24

90

2

on

5

30

61

11

17

51

4

25

21

Depth 

(feet)

6

20

26

50

79

81

110

115

145

206

217

234

OCR

OQQ

314

335

Clay-... -- -. --..

Clay. 

Clay. . ..

Clay.-.-..- .............

Clayl - -----

Sticky shale.--. __ _ . ....

Thickness 

(feet)

98

1

61

2

90

1

83

26

10

19

91

22

17

SO

16

3

Depth 

(feet)

433

434

495

497

526

527

610

646

751

770

791

QOf|

910

926

929

DAISETTA

Population in 1940: 2,000.

Source" of information: W. G. Winters, superintendent, Apr. 17, 1944.

Owner: Hull-Daisetta Water Co.

Source of supply: Well in south Hull; drilled in 1940 by Pitre Water Well 

Drilling Co.; depth, 365 feet; diameter, 6 inches; screen from 327 to 350 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump; temperature, 74)4° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 45,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir in south Hull, 1,500 gallons; elevated tank in 

JDaisetta, 20,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 220.

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 199

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Apr. 17,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOa) . -- 

Calcium (Ca).._ _ __ .. ...

Parts 

per 

million

.03

50

3.2

46

4.0

213

Equiva- ' 

lents per 

million

2.50

.26

2.02

.10

^ io

'

Sulfate (SO4) -------

Chloride (Cl)-.. .-. ....

Fluoride (F) ........ .......

 Nitrate (NOs) - 

pH ... ... ..... .... .....

Parts 

per 

million

4.7

44

.8

.5

288

138

7 Q

Equivalents per 

million

0.10

1.24

.04

.01

Drillers' log, well 1

Clay.......................

Clay...... .... ... .........

Clay. 

Thickness 

(feet)

20

10

33

1

11

3

4

3

5

1

Depth 

(feet)

20

30

63

64

75

78

82

oe

90

91

Clay.....- ... ...

Clay... ... .... ... 

Clay..- .... . ....... 

Clay...-. 

Thickness 

(feet)

5

60

19

23

6

30

3

71

57

Depth

(feet)

96

156

175

198

204

234

237

308

365

DAYTON

Population in 1940: 1,279.

Source of information: W. S. Neel, city secretary, Apr. 17, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. At pump station; drilled in 1929; depth, 395 feet; diameter, 8 to 

6 inches; screen from 314 to 376 feet; deep-well turbine pump; yield, 300 

gallons a minute.

Well 2. At pump station; drilled in 1929 by J. A. Walling; depth, 399 

feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; screen from 316'to 376 feet; deep-well turbine 

pump; yield, 300 gallons a minute; temperature, 73° F. 

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 180,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 344. 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis, well 2 

[Collected Apr. 17,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) .............

Iron (Fe) ..... ..... .... ... .

Bicarbonate (HCOj) _ ......

Parts 

per 

million

21

.11

40

4.4

170

4.0

239

Equivalents per 

million

2 00

.36

7 VI

.10

3 O9

Sulfate (804) 

Chloride (Cl)... ....... ... .

Fluoride (F).._..... . ... 

Nitrate (NOs) -

pH 

Parts 

per 

million

2.0

207

.8

0

590

118

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

0.04

5.84

O4.

0
200 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Driller's log, Well

Clay...... ...... ... .

Clay.. ... ... ... ... - 

SJicffcyelAy __ ..

TWCKness 

(feet)

82

11

1

2

41

46

Depth 

(feet)

82

63

70

72

113

159

Shale _. ._. .........

TIiRSness 

(feet)

11

43

97

76

14

Depth 

(feet)

170

213

310

385

399

UCBBRTY

Population in 1940: 3,087.

Source of information: Wm. L. Schupp, .water superintendent, Nov. 18, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. At elevated tank; depth, 680 feet; diameter, 6 inches; flows 

from 30 to 85 gallons a minute; temperature, 76%° F.

WeU 2. At power plant; drilled in 1939 by the Texas Water Supply Co.; 

depth, 565 feet; diameter, 13 to 7 inches; deep-well turbine pump; static 

water level at land surface in November 1943; yield, 321 gallons a minute 

with draw-down of 57 feet; temperature, 75J^° F.

Well 3. At power plant; drilled in 1939; depth, 351 feet; diameter, 8 inches; 

deep-well turbine pump; temperature, 72° F. 

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 115,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 25,000 gallons; elevated tank, 65,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 620. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses 

[Collected Nov. 18,1943, Analyzed by J. fi. RowleyJ

Silica (SiO2)-- - 

Iron CFe)---. ______ . -...-..-.

Calcium (Ca). --------- _ .--....

Bicarbonate (HC Oj) ................

Sullate(8O4). -. . ................

Chloride (Cl).... ...................

Fluoride (F) .....................

Nitrate (NOa)----. ----------------

Total hardness as CaCO3 .- _ ------

pH -...-. .-..:._._._..._..

Welll

Parts 

per 

million

16

.08

76 

11 

112 

3.5 

149 

3.7 

251 

.2 

1.0 

636 

234 

7.6

Equivalents per 

toillion

3.79 

.90 

4.85 

.09 

2,44 

.08 

7.08 

.81 

.02

Well 2

Parts 

per 

million

21 

.08

70 

6.6 

62 

3.6 

190 

6.8 

125 

.4 

.2 

419 

202 

7.5

Equivalents per 

million

g.49 

.54 

2.68 

.09 

3.11 

.14 

3.53 

.02 

.01

WellS

Parts 

Per 

million

21

.10.

58 

4.7 

54 

2.9 

1 240 

9 5 

46 

.6 

.8 

312 

152 

7.5

Equivalents per 

million

2.65 

.39 

2.36 

.07 

3.03 

.20 

1.30 

.TO 

.01
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 201

Drillers' log, well

Sand ____________ ..

Clay 

ClaySand.. __________ 

Thickness 

(feet)

12

48

20

14

25

27

110

42

8

Depth 

(feet)

12

60

80

94

146

256

298

306

StiSffffiale ... 

Thickness 

(feet)

14

40

16

69

10

10

58

39

3

Depth 

(feet)

320 "J 360

376

445

455

465

523

562

565

LIMESTONE COUNTT

COOIJGDGE

Population in 1940: 1,102.

Source of information: Bill Strickling, operator, Apr. 21,1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: TWO impounding reservoirs 0.5 mile northwest of Coolidge. 

Pumpage (estimated): From 16,000 to 30,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Three ground settling basins at pumping plant, 52,000 gallons each; 

elevated tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 240. 

Treatment: Coagulation with lime and alum, sedimentation, and chlorination.

Analysis of finished water 

[Collected Apr. 21,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOa) 

Sodium (Na). 

"Potassium (IT) ....

Parts 

per 

million

1.2

.08

27

4.1

7.9

6.2

75

Equivalents per 

million

1.348

.337

143

.159

1.229

SuMate (SCOChloride (Cl). 

Fluoride (F)_._ . ...

Nitrate (NOi) - 

pH ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 

Parts 

per ' 

million

36

7.0

.2

0

134

84

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.750

.197

.011

0

CHROESBECK

Population in 1940: 2,272.

Source of information: Alva Grimes, water superintendent, Apr. 21, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal. 

Source of supply: Navasota River. 

Pumpage: Average, 320,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Elevated tank, 200,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 550.

Treatment: Coagulation with lime and alum, sedimentation, rapid sand filter, 

and chlorinatipn.

202 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis of finished water 

[Collected Apr. 21,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj).. __ ... __ .....

Iron (Fe)l ____ . _____

Bicarbonate CHCOs)... ___

Parts 

per 

million

6.0

.16

61

5 A

37

5.2

149

Equivalents per 

million

3.04

14

1.61

.13

2.44

Sulfate (SO4) - - 

Chloride (Cl).._ .... . 

xrifrafo r\rrv^

pH.. . .-. . - 

Parts 

per 

million

64

49

.1

3.5

316

174

7.9

Equiva-- 

lents per 

million

1.33

1.38

. .01

-OS

KOSSE

Population in 1940: 881.

Source of information: J. J. Adams, operator, Apr. 21, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well at pumping plant 2% miles east of Kosse; drilled in 1939 

by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 155 feet (drilled to 700 feet and plugged back); 

diameter, 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump; yield, 70 gallons a minute.

Storage: Ground reservoir at pumping station, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 

50,000 gallons.

Treatment: Soda ash and high-pressure zeolite filter.

Analyses

[Dates of collection: Treated water, June 24, 1942; raw water, Apr. 21, 1943. Analyzed by B. Irelan and

J. H. RowleyJ

Silica (SiOi) . ....... ............... .....

Iron (Fe) ______ . ____ . ____ . __ . ...

Magnesium (Mg). _______________ . ...

Sodium (Na) . __ . ________ . ____ . ...

Potassium (K) _____________________

Bicarbonate (HCOs) _________ . ______

Sulfate (SO4) ________________ - __ ..

Chloride (Gl). .. ____ . . ___ ..... _ ...

Fluoride (P).. ______________ . ___ .

Nitrate (NOj) - ~ _ ... __ .... . _ ........ ..

Finished water

Parts per 

million

34 

.10 

58 

37

} 223

366 

171 

215 

.2 

0 

926 

296 

7.0

Equivalents 

per million

2.89 

3.04

9.70

6.00 

3.56 

6.06 

.01 

0

Raw- water

Parts per 

million

28 

20 

120 

43

109

324 

155 

203 

0 

.2 

869 

476 

7.7

Equivalents 

per million

5.99 

3.54

4.74

5.31 

3.23 

5.73 

0 

0

MEXIA

Population in 1940: 6,410.

Source of information: R. C. Daniels, water superintendent, Apr. 21, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells 3 miles west of town.

Well 1. Drilled in 1925; depth, 320 feet; diameter, 8 inches; deep-well 

turbine pump and electric motor; yield, 290 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1925; depth, 320 feet; diameter, 8 inches; deep-well 

turbine pump and electric motor; yield, 300 gallons a minute.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 203

Well 3. Drilled in 1925; depth, 450 feet; diameter, 8 inches; deep-well 

turbine pump and electric motor; yield, 240 gallons a minute.

(Stand-by supply from spring at Springfield, 7 miles southwest of Mexia, 

will supply an additional 1,000,000 gallons daily.)

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

January ..............

February ______ ...

March ______ ....

April..................

1940

441,000

432,000

420,000 fA*i nnn

457,000

540,000

1941

488,000

448,000

492,000

506.000

515,000

570,000

1942

491,000

510,000

481,000

489,000

r;24 000

July. 

N^o v 6ml)6r

J) 6C6Gll)6r

1940

568.000

486,000

481,000

486,000

487,000

451,000

1941

625, 008

590,000

496,000

500,000

464,000

466,000

1942

627,000

499,000

554,000

500,000

452,000

435,000

Storage: Standpipe, 86,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 1,486.

Treatment: Aeration, sedimer tation, and chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected Apr. 21,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt and W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiO2)._. .....................

Iron (Fe) ___________ ......

Calcium (Ca) ___ ... _____ ...

Magnesium (Mg) ...................

Sodium (Na)~. - __ ...........

Potassium (K). _________ ...

Bicarbonate (HCO3).. .._ . _ .....

Sulfate (SO4) -... ...

Chloride (Ol)............. ..........

Fluoride (F)_ __._.___...__ .......

Nitrate (NO3) -- i . 

Total dissolved solids.. ___ _. ....

pH......... ........................

Welll

Parts 

per 

million

22

no

41 

8.4 

205 

- 4.8 

392 

4.9 

184 

.4 

1.0 

665 

137 

7.7

Equivalents per 

minion

2.05 

.69 

8.90 

.12 

6.43 

.10 

5.19 

.02 

.02

; Well 2

Parts 

per 

million

19 

.10

31 

7.4 

128 

6.2 

342 

13 

69 

.4 

1.0 

466 

108 

7.9

Equivalents per 

million

1.55 

.61 

5.55 

.16 

5.61 

.27 

1.95 

.02 

. .02

Well 3

. Parts 

Der 

million

21 

.08

30 

8.0

} 126

340

7.7 

67 

.4 

.5 

442 

108 

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

-

1.50 

.66

5.49

5.57 

.16 

1.89 

.02 

.01

Drillers' log of well 1 at Meria Internment Camp, about one-fourth mile north of

city wells

Clay............. __ .......

Kock, hard ___ ...........

Thickness 

(feet)

38

221

9

29

6

1

1

1

8

10

2

o

Depth 

(feet)

38

259

268

297

303

304

305

306

314

324

326

329

Thickness 

(feet)

6

2

1

2

2

1

1

2

3

1

3

1

6

Depth 

(feet)

335

337

338

340

342

343

344

346

349

350

353

354

360
204 PUBLIC "WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Population in 1940; 50Q.

j3pur<5Q pf information: Mrs. G. C. Eva,ns,, pwne,r, April 1943.

Owner: Mrs. C. C. Evans.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir west of town.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Elevated tank, 10,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected April 1943. Analysed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOz).... ....... . .

Iron (Fe)-----__-- ___ ......

Calcium (Ca) . .

Magnesium (Mg). ...... ....

Sodium (Na)_... .............

Potassium (K) ___ .. ..

Bicarbonate (HCO3) __ .....

Parts 

per 

million

4.4

.30

38

4.3

6.3

5.0

129

Equivalents per 

million

1.897

.354

.273

2.114

Sulfate (BOi). ................

Chloride (Cl)_. ...............

Nitrate dSfOi). ...............

pH_.. . . 

Parts 

per 

mjllion

15

7.0

. .4

.5

160

113

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.312

.197

.021

.008

TEHUACANA

Population in 1940: 408.

Source of information: Water superintendent, April 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 0.5 mile west of town; depth, about 50 feet; diameter, 

12 inches; deep-well turbine pump. 

Storage: Elevated tank, 20,000 gallons. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected April 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Jlowley]

Silica (SiOz)..-... _._...__..

Iron (Fe)--.... _ . __ . _ ..

Calcium (Ca) ..............

Magnesium (Mg) ...........

Sodium (Na) ___ ..

Potassium (K),_ ...........

Bicarbonate (HCO3). ____ -

Parts 

per 

 million

4.6

.15

108

3-1

<u

9 9

337

Equivalents per 

million

.25

1.46

.06

5.52

Sulfate (QQt). ................

Chloride (Cl) ........ ......

Fluoride (F)..................

Nitrate (NOa)- 

PH........................ 

Parts 

per 

million

17

23 

.2

39

429

7.9

Equivalents per 

million

0.35

.65

.01

.63

THORNTON

Population in 1940: 745.

Source of information: R. A. Black, water superintendent, April 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Dug well 6 miles west of town; depth, 14 feet; diameter, 8 

feet with lateral trenches; flows by gravity from well to ground reservoir at west 

edge of town.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 10,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 135.

Treatment: Chlorination.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 205

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected April 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOs) ............ ...

Iron (Fe)~. .. ....

Calcium (Ca)-. ..............

Parts 

per 

million

OQ

.20

18

q q

13

3.8

72

Equivalents per 

million

0.898

.271

.557

097

1.180

Sulfate (SO4) ~ 

Chloride (Cl)...-...-.. _ ....

Fluoride (F)_._ __ .. _ . ...

pH....._......_.._..._.._..-.

Parts 

per 

million

7.4

13

.2

6.9

145

58

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.154

.367

.011

.111

MADISON COUNTY

Population in 1940: 2,095.

Source of information: T. H. Alien, water superintendent, June 25, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1933 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 190 feet (drilled to 

380 feet and plugged back to 190 feet) ; diameter, 14 inches; deep-well turbine 

pump and electric motor; screen from 160 to 190 feet; static water level 

reported, 47 feet below land surface in 1933; yield, 400 gallons a minute.

Well 2. 100 feet from well 1; drilled in 1936 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 

190 feet (drilled to 874 feet and plugged back to 190 feet); diameter, 14 

inches; screen from 160 to 190 feet; deep-well turbine pump; yield, about 

400 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated) : Average, 150,000 gallons a day. 

Number of customers: 500. 

Treatment: None.

" Analysis, weU 1 

[Collected June 25, 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOs) ... ......

Parts 

per 

million

51

2.1

75

14

185

10

170

Equivalents per 

million

3 7d

1.16

8.05

.26

2.79

Sulfate (SQ4)- - 

Chloride (Cl).. 

Fluoride (F) .. .............

Nitrate (NOj)... .... 

pH.... .. ... ...

Parts 

per 

million

131

271

.7

0

832

244

T.2

Equivalents per 

million

2.73

7.64

.04

0

MIDWAY

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: Pump operator, June 25, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1928; reported depth, 209 feet; diameter, 6 

inches; deep-well turbine pump and 5-horsepower electric motor; static water 

level reported, 85 feet below the surface; yield, about 40 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 14,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 3,500 gallons.

Number of customers: 71.

Treatment: None.
206 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected June 25,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (Si02)_....... ..........

Iron(Fe)_ _____ .........

Calcium (Ca)_. ..............

Magnesium (Mg)...... _ ...

Sodium (Na). ................

Potassium (K). ..............

Bicarbonate (HCOs). ........

Parts 

per 

million

42

2.7

42

8.4

142

9.0

215

Equivalents per 

million

2.10

.69

6.18

3.52

*

Chloride (CD . ..........

Fluoride (F). ..................

Nitrate (NOs)~~ - ... ..

PH. .......... .............

Parts 

per 

million

68

149

1.0

0

140

7.8

Equivalents per 

million 

1.42

4.20

.06

0

MARION COUNTY 

JEFFERSON

Population in 1940: 2,797.

Source of information: Mr. Meyer, water superintendent, Mar. 24, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well at Dallas Street and Cypress Creek; drilled in 1926 by 

Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 780 feet; diameter, 12 to 8 inches; screen from 742 to 

780 feet; reported natural flow of 50 gallons a minute when drilled, but stopped 

flowing in 1937; deep-well turbine pump and 50-horsepower electric motor; 

pump set at 120 feet; yield, 200 gallons a minute with a pumping level of 57 

feet on test; present yield, 150 gallons a minute; temperature, 78° F.

Pumpage: Average, about 200,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 250,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 500.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected May 5,1942. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.t

-

Silica (SiOi) --_..._.... ..

Iron (Fe)-._ _____ .......

Parts 

per 

million

20

.10

2.0

.9

395

540

Equivalents per 

million

0.10

.07

17.16

8.85

Sulfate (SCO __

Chloride (Cl)__ .... . ....

Fluoride (F) ......... ___ ..

Nitrate (NOg)..._. ..._. ... .

Parts 

per 

million

0.7

290

.8

0

985

8

Equivalents per 

million

0.01

8.43

.04

0
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES . 207

Drillers' log, well 1

Sand-.. _ ... _____ . .....

Dark sand- _________

Rock _ . ____ ..... ........

Rock. _ . _________ ...

Sand and rock layers .........

Fine sand ___________

Rock... ________ . .....

Fine sand-.. __ ___ ....

Soft shale.-. __ . __ . .....

Shale.... .............. _ ....

Lignite ........... .........

Shale and lignite ____ . ....

Shale--...... _ . __ ___ '.

Thickness 

(feet)

3ft

in

11

1

4

1

5

1

11

1

35

18

5

20

25

5

5

19

13

26

24

Depth 

(feet)

30

60

71

72

76

77

82

83

Qd

95

129

147

152

172

174

199

204

209

991

914

ODE

261

285

Sand.. ................. ......

Sticky shale- __ ... ___ 

Shale 

Sand ' 

Rock... ......................

Shale. .... ... ...

Thickness 

(feet)

91

111

22 '12

1

65

41

35

96

10

46

1

21

21

2

26

18

2

4

2

36

2

Depth 

(feet)

306

317

318

340

352

353

418

459

494

590

600

646

647

668

689

691

717

735

737

741

743

779

781

MATAGORDA COUNTY

BAY CITY

Population in 1940: 6,590 ("estimated in 1943, 8,500).

Source of information: -S. A. Russell, water superintendent, April 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. At pumping station about 2 blocks east of the city hall; depth, 

444 feet; diameter, 20 inches; deep.-well turbine pump and 40-horsepower 

electric motor; static water level, 10.4 feet below surface July 26, 1934; 

reported yield, 602 gallons a minute when drilled.

Well 2. South of the pump station; drilled in 1912; depth, 435 feet; diameter, 10 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 40-horsepower electric motor; 

yield reported, 565 gallons per minute when drilled.

Well 3. South of puinp station; drilled in 1940; depth, 811 feet; diameter, 

6% inches; sand formation underreamed to 30 inches and gravel-walled; 

deep-well turbine pump and 40-horsepower electric motor; yield reported, 

545 gallons per minute; static water level, 6 feet below surface when drilled.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

Month

April........ 

1941 1942

211,400

274,000

237,600

256,300

319, 100

1943

302.100

308,200

271,900 071 onn

Month

July....-... ........

1941

320,600

224,400

241, 700

215,500

1942

257,200

274,500

270,500

233,600

269,100

245,600

1943

Storage: Two elevated steel tanks, 50,000 and 150,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 1,500. 

Treatment: Periodical chlorination.
208 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analyses

[Collected Apr. 6, 1943. Analyzes By J. H. Howley]

Silica (SiO2). ......... ..............

Iron(Fe).. ._... __-_-___-_____.__

Calcium (Ca).... _ . ____ ...

Magnesium (Mg) __________

Sodium (Na)_-_ ____ .. ___ ....

Potassium (R).._ ....... ........

Bicarbonate (HCOi) _____ ...

Sulfate (SOi)... .. . .. 

Chloride (CD .. .... ......

fluoride (F).. ______ ... ... .

Nitrate (NO3)-. -.--. - 

Total dissolved solids ___ . .......

t>H.. ........................... ...

Welll

Parts 

per 

million

14 

.12

35 

15 

59 

3.6 

258 

16 

38 

.2 

0 

308 

149

Equivalents per 

million

1.75 

1.23 

2.57 

.09 

4.23 

.33 

1.07 

.01 

0

Well 2

Parts 

per 

million

13 

3.1

33 

14 

67 

3.0 

268 

12 

40 

.2 

.2 

315 

140 

8.0

Equivalents per 

million

1.65 

1.15 

2. SO 

.08 

4.3S 

.25 

1.13 

.01 

0

WellS

Parts 

per 

million

19 

.68

46 

20 

85 

3.6 

316 

21 

74 

.6 

. 0 

426 

197

Equivalents per 

million

2.30 

1.64 

3.71 

.09 

5.18 

.44 

2.09 

.03 

0

Drillers' logs 

Well 2

Surf ace soil.... ______ ..-

Sand. ____ --.. ____ ...

Hard sand_ ... ........

Thickness 

(feet)

3

18

17

V7

37

29

Depth 

(feet)

3

21

38

75

112

141

Thickness 

(feet)

49

38

40

27

90

60

Depth

(feet)

190

228

268

295

385

435

WellS

Shale. .....................

Shale. .,_ . ..............

Sarid with shale breaks .......

Shale---...... ._. 

13

126

51

20

10

39

37

8

33

26

53

13

129

070

323

343

353

392

429

437

470

AQf{

*UQ

Shale .

Shale-----.----.-.--.---- _ -

Shale. ..- -

Shale _ _.. ____ _ - ....

24

10

36

44

9

"I

1?

20

9

31

21

5

573

583

619

663

672

708

725

745

754

785

806

811

BLESSING

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: A. B. Pierce, owner, May 1943,

Owner: A. B. Pierce.

Source of supply: Well about 1 blocks west of Texas and New Orleans R. R.; 

drilled in 1907 by L. A. Layne; depth, 625 feet; diameter, 4 inches; air lift and 

3-horfcepower electric motor; flow reported, 90 gallons a minute when drilled.

Storage: Elevated tank.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 209

Analysis 

[Collected Apr. 8,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Silica (SiOs) - -- 

Caloium(Ca)----.. --~--~

£) - 

Parts 

per 

million

18

2.9

40

19

62.2

286

Equivalents per 

million

2.00

I

CC

4.69

Sulfate (S<W. -

Chloride (Cl)...... . 

Nitrate (NOs)- 

Parts 

per 

million

19

OQ

.4

0

339

178

Equivalents per 

million

0.40

1.07

.03

0

Driller's log

Blacksoil __ - _ .-. -.. 

Clay_ 

White play. -. --

Thickness 

(feet)

4

37

15

34

22

71

8

129

60

Depth 

(feet)

4

41

56

90

112

183

191

320

3Sft

Sand.- _ - ___________

Thickness 

(feet)

19

19

62

11

87

5

35

6

Depth 

(feet)

399

418

480

491

578

583

618

624

Population in 1940: 2,288 (estimated in 1943, 4,000). 

Source of information: Water superintendent, May 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal. 

Source of supply: Four wells.

Well 1. At pumping station about 3 blocks northwest of city hall; depth,

about 590 feet; diameter, 12 inches; static level, 15.69 feet below surface

Apr. 2, 1944; used as stand-by well.

Well 2. At pumping station about 3 blocks northwest of-city hall; depth,

about 590 feet; used as stand-by well.

Well 3. Two blocks north of city hall; drilled in 1936 by Layne-Texas Co.;

depth, 607 feet; diameter, 13% to 6 inches; deep-well turbine pump and

20-horsepower electric motor; flow reported, 25 gallons a minute when drilled;

yield reported, 250 gallons a minute.

Well 4. TWO blo'cks north of city hall; drilled in 1941 by Layne-Texas Co.;

depth, 590 feet; diameter, 13% to 6% inches, deep-well turbine pump and

20-horsepgwer electric motor; static water level reported, 14 feet below

land surface June 28, 1941.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 76,000 gallons; elevated steel tank, 75,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: No record. 

Treatment: None.
210 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analyses 

[Collected Apr. 8,1943. Analyzed by J. H. KowleyJ

Silicia (SiO2) . ..................... ..............

Calcium (Ca). ...................._.... _ .----...-

Sulfate (S0<)_.-. --. 

Chloride (Cl). --.--..--....-....-..................

Nitrate (NOt)...... ........... _J.. ........ ...... ...

Well 3

Parts per 

million

17 

.05 

6.6 

2.8 

177.8 

353 

17 

73 

1.0 

.2 

475 

28

Equivalents 

,per million

0.33 

.23 

7.69 

5.79 

.35 

2.06 

.05 

.05

Well 4

Parts per 

million

17 

.06 

5.8 

3.2 

169 

348 

18 

63 

1.0 

.0 

456 

28

Equivalents 

per million

0.29 

.26 

7.38 

5.71 

.37 

1.78 

.05 

.00

Drillers' logs 

. Well 3

Sand. __ . ____ . ..........

Clay.........................

Sand----... ________ ..

Clay.........................

Sand.. __ . -.. .__.--.._....

Clay.. .......................

Sand.. __ . __ , ............

Clay.. .......................

Sand... ......................

Shale.-.. . _ . _______

Thickness 

(feet)

7

8

44

7

7

40

24

12

48

12

24

Depth 

(feet)

7

15

vt

66

182

222

258

306

318

342

Shale ..- 

Shale 

Shale 

Thickness 

(feet)

3

14

14

3

38

31

7

28

6

60

42

19

Depth 

(feet)

345

359

373

376

414

445

452

480

486

546

588

607

Well 4

Soil.. .... ....

Clay..... ...... ...... ........

Sand ____ __ .............

Clay.... ..............

Clay and: caliche.. ...........

Sand, clay, and caliche .......

Soft shale _ ...

Shale and layers of shell ___

Shale ............. ...........

Tough shale _________

1

14

4

24

8

55

20

30

16

44

29

23

18

7

15

19

43

51

106

126

156

172

216

245

268

9ftA

293

Shale 

Shale 

Shale 

Shale 

11

12

43

21

63

17

21

30

26

33

3

6

12

304

316

, 359

380

443

460

481

511

536 569-

572

578

590

MCLENNAN COUNTY

BRUCEVTLLiE

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: E. B. Firquin, Jr., owner, Jan. 9, 1943. 

Owner: E. B. Firquin, Jr.

Source of supply: Well at north side of town, 1 block from railroad station; 

drilled before 1900; depth, 1,565 feet; diameter, 6 inches; deep-well cylinder,.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 211

pump jack, and gasoline engine; flowed when drilled; static water level reported, 

80 to 100 feet below land surface in 1943.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Elevated wooden tank, about 2,000 gallons.

Number of customers: Not reported.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

(Collected Jan. 9,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Iron (Fe) _ _.j _______

Parts 

per 

million

6.5

35

17

15

} 611

4.84

Equivalents per 

million

0.85

1 23

26.57

7.93

Snlfate (BOO 

Chloride (Cl).... ... .... ...

Nitrate (NO3) -

PH..... .... ...............

Parts 

per 

million

719

198

3.2

.2

1,810

104

8.0

Equivalents per 

million

14.97

5.68

.17

.00

CHINA 8PKESTG

Population in 1940: 214.

Source of information: China Spring Water Co., A. M. Humberson, manager, 

Jan. 7, 1943.

Owner: China Spring Water Co.

Source of supply: Well 150 yards south of post office; drilled before 1900; 

depth, 1,110 feet; diameter, 6 inches at surface; deep-well cylinder, pump jack, 

and electric motor; reported flow, 40 gallons a minute when drilled; present water 

level undetermined.

Storage: Small tank.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Jan. 7,1943. Analyzed toy J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO2) . -

Biearfconate (HCO»). ........

Parts 

per 

million

15

0

6.9

f.7

} 348

466

Equivalents per 

million

0.34

.63

7.6E

Snlfate (SO*). ................

Chloride (Cl) .. .- 

Nitrate (NO«) - 

pH..-......,... . .......

Parts 

. per 

million

307

69

1.8

0

985

48

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

6.39

1.95

.09

0

CRAWFOKD

Population in'1940: 471.

Source of information: Homer Brown, water superintendent, Jan. 6, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 200 yards northwest of railroad station; drilled before 

1900; depth, approximately 1,000 feet; diameter at surface, 5 inches; deep-well 

cylinder, pump jack, and electric motor; cylinder set at 170 feet; flowed when 

drilled.
212 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 12,000 gallons a day in winter and 27,000 

gallons a day in summer.

Storage: Elevated tank, estimated 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 125. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Jan. 9,1643. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiCh).- _______ ...

Calcium (Ca)-.-. _ ._ ...

Sodium (Na) ..

Potassium (K)_ _____ .

Bicarbonate (HC Os) --------

Parts 

per 

million

10

.04

5.6

5.0

284

3.6

457

Equivalents per 

million

0.28

.41

12.33

.09

7.48

Sulfate (BOO . -

Chloride (Cl) ..............

Nitrate (NO»). ...............

pH___.. .

Parts 

per 

million

214

38

1.4

1 8

780

34

8.3

Equivalents per 

million

4.46

1.07

.07

fiQ

EDDY

Population in 1940: 407.

Source of information: I. N. Hendrick, manager, Jan. 9, 1943.

Owner: Sun Utility Co.

Source of supply: Well in center of town, west of highway; depth, 1,630 feet; 

diameter, 6 inches at surface; air lift and semi-Diesel type motor; water level 

reported, 80 to 100 feet below land surface; temperature, 96° F.

Pumpage: Not reported.

Storage: Approximately 15,000 gallons. 

.Number of customers: 100.

Treatment' None

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Jan. 9,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO2)_ ..............

Sodium (Na) 

Bicarbonate (HCOj). ..

Parts 

per 

million

19

.02

7.2

4.5

372

3.8

445

Equivalents per 

million

0.36

.37

16.19

.10

7.31

Sulfate (SO4) - .... .... -

Chloride (Cl) .... .....

Fluoride (F). ....... ... -

Nitrate (NOt).. . ..........

pH .... ..... ...... .....

Parts 

per 

million

284

131

1.8

1.0

1,040

36

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

5.91

3.69

.09

.02

HEWITT

Population in 1940: 79.

Source of information: W. D. Chapman, owner, Jan. 9, 1943.

Owner: W. D. Chapman.

Source of supply: Well in southeast part of town, 2 blocks north of school; 

drilled in 1899; depth, 1,646 feet; small cylinder pump and gasoline engine; static 

water level, approximately 100 feet below land surface.

Pumpage: 5,000 to 8,000 gallons a day in addition to supplies for railrpad and 

schools.

Storage: 6,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 40.

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 213

Analysis,, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 9,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) --- 

Sodium (Na)~.~ 

Parts 

per 

million

12

.14

14

6.4

> 367

467

Equivalents per 

million

0.70

.53

15.94

7.65

Sulfate (SO4) - . 

Chloride (Cl)._.__ ............

Fluoride (P)..-...... 

Nitrate (NO3)-- ~ ~ 

pH ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Parts 

per 

million

327

93

1.8

.2

1,050

62

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

6.81

2.62

.09

nn

UEROY

Population in 1940: 250.

Source of information: S. E. Morgan, manager, Jan. 8, 1943.

Owner: Farmers & Merchants Gin Co.

Source of supply: Well 300 yards southeast of railroad station; drilled in 1914 

by Bearing & Sons; depth, 2,311 feet; diameter, 6 to 4 inches; estimated natural 

flow, 15 to 20 gallons a minute; pressure reported, 40 pounds at surface in 1936; 

temperature reported, 114° F.

Storage: None.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 8,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiO2). .................

Calcium (Ca)- 

Parts 

per 

million

20

.45

112

46

| 933

298

Equivalents per 

million

5.59

3.78

40.57

4.88

Sulfate (SOO - ----- --

Chloride (Cl)... ~

Nitrate (NOs) .. - 

pH ... ... ... ... ... ...

Parts 

per 

million

1,830

242

2.1

1.5

3,330

468

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

38.10

6.83

.11

.02

Drillers' log, wett 1

Shale ......................

Hard rock. __________

 rtar>)lX>

abate ......................

Hard sand __________

Marl and lime __ ____ ..

Thickness 

(feet)

16

74

204

01

478

4

3

12

6

82

20

48

402

7

308

1

9

45

45

1

9

15

15

Depth 

(feet)

16

on

294

375

857

860

872

878

960

980

1,028

1,430

1,437

1,745

1,746

1 7fif\

1,800

1,845

1,846

1,855

1,870

1,885

White marl.......... ...

Soft lime... . ...... .....

Wbitemarl ... ... .... ...

Thickness 

(feet)

15

25

5

4

8

23

237"

3045'

20

8

20

7

40

15

6

14.

45

11

52

3

Depth 

(feet)

1,900

1,925

1,930

1,934

1,942

1,965

1,988

1,995

2,025

2,070

2,090

2,098

2,118

2,125

2,165

2,180

2,186

2,200

2,245

2,256

2,308

2,311

754993 48- -15
214 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

LORENA

Population in 1940: 342.

Source of information: I. N. Hendricks, manager, Jan. 9, 1943. 

Owner: Sun Utility Co.

Source of supply: Well; reported depth, 1,600 feet; diameter, 6 inches at surface; 

air lift.

Storage: Elevated tank, 30,800 gallons. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 9,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO«).....-........._.

Iron (Fe). __________ .

Calcium (Ca) _ . ______

fiooium (Na) ........ ........

Bicarbonate (HCO3) _____

Parts 

per 

million

14

.29

5.6

3.2

321

4.2

470

Equivalents per 

million

0.2S

.26

13.96

.11

7.69

Sulfate (SOO . ... .... ... ...

Chloride (Cl)....... ..........

Fluoride (F).... ..............

Nitrate (NO*)... .............

pH.................r... ...

Parts 

per 

million

234

69

1.6

1.5

904

97

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

4.87

1.95

.08

02

MAJRT

Population in 1940: 2,856.

Source of information: Miss Alma Patrick, city secretary, Apr. 21, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Mart Lake, 6.3 miles northwest of city; capacity, 640 million 

gallons; drainage area, 1,450 acres; 29,644 feet of 10-inch and 3,700 feet of 8-inch 

pipe line; two pumps with capacity of 500 gallons a minute each and crude oil 

enqpnes.

Pumpage: Average, 300,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Standpipe, 70,000 gallons.

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysts of sample from hydrant at city hall 

[Collected Apr. 21,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO*)... _ .. . ...

Iron (Fe) ___________

Sodium (Na) ___ ..... .....

Parts 

per 

million

2.5

.06

36

5.3

9.8

4.4

132

Equivalents per 

million

1 797

436

.426

.113

2.164

Sulfate (SOO- ___ - __ -

Chloride (Cl) .... ....

Fluoride (F)..................

Nitrate (NOt). ...............

pH... ... 

Parts 

per 

million

16B.'0

.6

1.0

158 

112

7.9

Equivalents per 

million

0.333

.226

.032

.016

McGREGOR

Population in 1940: 2,662.

Source of information: Lloyd Sebastian, manager, Jan. 6, 1943.

Owner: Community Public Service Co.

Source of supply: Two wells near north edge of town.

Well 1. Drilled in 1908 by Barley; depth, 1,080 feet; diameter, 12 to 8 

inches; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor; pump set at 300 feet
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 215

in 1943; static water level reported, 160 feet below land surface; yield, 200 

gallons a minute with draw-down of 35 feet in 1942; -temperature, 86° F.

Well 2. 300 feet north of well 1; drilled in 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; 

depth, 1,250 feet; diameter, 8% to 6% inches; deep-well turbine pump and 

15-horsepow«r electric motor; pump set at 400 feet; static water level, 175 

feet below land surface when drilled; yield, 65 gallons a minute with drawdown of 175 feet.

Pumpage: 120,000 to 130,000 gallons a day in whiter; 160,000 gallons a day 

in summer.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 110,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 655. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses

[Collected Jan. 6,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Siltea(SiOj)- 

Calcium (Ca)_ _ . ______ . _____ .-. ___

Sodium (Na) . ...................................

Potassium (K)_--- ____ --. ____________

Sulfate (804).-. . 

Chloride (Cl). ...... .-

Nitrate (NO») 

Total dissolved solids.. __ ______ . ..........

PH.. . . ....

Welll

Parts per 

million

10 

0 

6.3 

4.6

} 309

470 

214 

67 

1.0 

.5 

844 

34 

8.2

Equivalents 

per million

0.31 

.38

13.54

7.71 

4.46 

1.89 

.05 

.01

Well 2

Parts per 

million

13 

0 

5.6 

2.4 

j 276 

\ 4.6 

494 

123 

66 

1.7 

0 

736 

24 

8.4

Equivalents 

per million

0.28 

.20 

12.02 

.12 

8.11 

2.56 

1.86 

.09 

, 0

Drillers 1 log, well 2

Shale and lime. _______

Lime _____________ .

Lime and shale.. _______

Lime and shale ________

Thickness 

(feet)

3

17

98

37

26

1

7

25

21

13

19

4

99

79

66

18

117

10

33

Depth 

(feet)

20

11 Q

155

181

182

214

235

248

271

370

449

515

533

650

660

693

T?4»rl harl

Thickness 

(feet)

102

103

46

13

25

32

21

17

11

9

18

15

31

14

10

20

23

27

Depth 

(feet)

795

898

944

957

982

1,014

1,035

1,052

1,063

1,072

1,090

1, 105

1, 13ft

1,150

1, 16ft

1,180

1,203

1,250
216 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

MOODY

Population in 1940: 931.

Source of information: Lloyd Sebastian, manager, Jan. 5, 1943.

Owner: Community Public Service Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled about 1905; depth, 1,700 feet; diameter, 6 inches 

at surface; air lift and 40-horsepower electric motor; bottom of IJ^-inch airline, 

435 feet; temperature, 89° F.

Pumpage: 75,000 to 85,000 gallons a day in summer; 35,000 to 45,000 gallons 

a day in winter.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 79,000 gallons; elevated tank, 55,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 315.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 5, 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj).. .............

Sodium (Na) . . ......

Parts 

per 

million

12

.00

7.8

i Q

365

3.8

451

Equivalents per 

million

0.39

40

15.85

.10

7 4fl

Sulfate (SOO --

Chloride (Cl) . . .-

Nitrate (NOi).... .... ... .....

pH............. . .............

Parts 

per 

million

266

133

.5

1.6

1,010

40

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

5.54

3.75

.03

.02

RO88

Population in 1940: 52.

Source of information: John J. Heil, manager, Jan. 8, 1943.

Owner: Ross Gin Co.

Source of supply: Well 250 yards south of post office near gin; drilled in 1925 by 

Jim Maresh; depth, 1,950 feet; diameter, 8 inches at surface; cylinder pump and 

windmill; cylinder, set at 220 feet.

Pumpage: Not measured.

Storage: Small wooden tank.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 8, 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) 

Sodium (Nft)

Potassium (K) . ........

Parts 

per 

million

13

2.7

8.6

5.7

} 456

498

Equivalents per 

million

0.43

.47

19.84

8.15

Sulfate (8 GO- - -

Chloride (Cl). .............

Fluoride (F).__ ...............

Nitrate (KOt). ...............

,pH . ...... ..............

Parts 

per 

million

486

82

3.1

.2

1,300

45

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

10.12

2.31

.16

.00
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 217

SPEEGUSVlULiE

Population in 1940: 111.

Source of information: N. G. Alford, owner, Jan. 6, 1943.

Owner: N. G. Alford.

Source of supply: Well 0.5 mile west of town; drilled in 1901 by Lee Hannan; 

depth, 1,120 feet; diameter, 6 inches at surface; flowed 15 feet above surface when 

drilled; no flow in last 10 years; cylinder pump and electric motor.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Small tank.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Jan. 6,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowleyl

Silica (SiO2) ...... .........

Iron (Fe) ____________

Parts 

per 

million

9.6

.06

13

14

} 472

501

Equivalents per 

million

0.65

1.15

20.54

Q 0-1

8ulfate(SO4) 

Chloride (Cl)__ . __ 

Fluoride (FJ. .................

Nitrate (NO3) . 

pH......... . ..............

Parts 

per 

million

585

63

3.3

.2

1,410

90

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

12.18 1.7!

.17

.00

WACO

Population in 19'40: 55,982.

Source of information: George J. Boban, water superintendent, Jan. 8, 1943,

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Lake on Bosque River; capacity, 39,000 acre-feet when built 

about 1930. (The city still uses a few water wells for display fountains and special 

industrial requirements. It was reported that the estimated natural flow of 

water from 12 wells in Waco was more than 10 million gallons a day in 1891 with 

pressure as high as 76 pounds, enough to raise the water 175 feet above the land 

surface. Because of these wells, Waco has been called the "Geyser City." Someof the wells in the lower part of town still have a flow. The yield diminished 

considerably, but the yield and pressure have recovered somewhat since the city 

started to use surface water.)

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

January .. __ _ ........

February- _____ __ -

April............. .... .

June _____ . ...........

1941

3, 960, 000

3, 910, 000

4, 210, 000

4, 700, 000

1942

4, 660, 000

4, 560, 000

4

QOA AHA

July.... . ..

N"o vem ber

1941

6, 140, 000

6, 510, 000

6, 270, 000

4, 840, 000

4,200,000

1942

7,620,000

5,560,000

5, 220, 000

4, 890, 000

4, 930, 000

Storage: Treated water, 5,850,000 gallons; clear water, 1,000,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 14,000.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation (100 pounds of alum per million gallons), 

sedimentation, activated carbon, rapid sand filtration, and chlorination (7 pounds 

per million gallons). (Capacity of treating plant, 15,000,000 gallons a day.)
218 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analyses 

[Collected Jan. 8, 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

SmeatSiOd... .....................

Iron(Fe)-- _ . _ - __ ...... _ ..

Caldum (Ca).. _____ . .......

Sodium (Na) ________ . .......

Potassium (K) ___________

Bicarbonate (HCOs) ______ ...

Sulfate (804).. ..................

Chloride (Cl)....__ .................

Fluoride (F). ____ . __ ... ...

Nitrate (N03)- _ ............. ...

Total dissolved solids. _____ ..

Total hardness as CaCOa __ ... . _

pH.................................

Raw water

Parts per 

million

7.6

.06

70 

11 

30 

.6 

217 

52 

33 

.8 

5.9 

335 

218 

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

3.49 

.90 

1.29 

.02 

3.55 

1.08 

.93 

.04 

.10

Finished water

Parts per 

million

2.8

.18

69 

11 

31 

' .7 

207 

57 

35 

1.0 

5.7 

335 

217 

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

3.44 

.90 

1.35 

.2 

3.39 

1.19 

.99 

.05 

.09

Well 1 (at filtration 

plant)

Parts per 

million

16

.04

5.9 

3.1

} 280

434 

208 

43 

2.0 

0 

779 

27 

8.3

Equivalents per 

million

29 

26

12.19

710 

4.33 

1.21 

.11 

0

Drillers' log, well 1 l 

[At filtration plant on west side of Vermont and Brazos River Streets]

Austin: White lime- ---------

Edwards and Del Rio: Brown 

slate ______. ...........

and Walnut:

White lime.. .. ..........

Olen Rose:

White lime _ . .............

Blue slate.. ________

White lime _ .... ____ .

Thickness 

(feet)

165

185

OIK

435

70

485

105

45

Depth 

(feet)

165

350

565

1,000

1,070

1,555

1 660

1,705

"Trinity" water sand... .

White lime . . .

Thickness 

(feet)

30 

65

55

30

15

5

35

10

5

5

80

6

Depth 

(feet)

1,735 

1,800

1,855

1 885

1,900

1,905

1,940

1,950

1,955

1,960

2,040

2,046

1 Bureau of Economic Geology, University of Texas, Bull. No. 2340, p. 155.

WEST

Population in 1940: 1,979.

Source of information: John Kubala, water superintendent, Jan. 8, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well at corner of Pine and Regan Streets; drilled in 1894; 

depth, 2,010 feet; diameter, 12 to 3% inches; deep-well turbine pump and 25- 

horsepower electric motor; pump set at 167 feet; bottom of suction at 181 feet; 

sucks air after 9 hours of pumping at 225 gallons a minute; flowed when drilled; 

static water level reported, 30 feet below land surface in 1926, 54 feet in February 

1932, 66 feet in May 1942, and 88.9 feet below pump base 4 hours after pump was 

shut off on Jan. 8, 1943.

Storage: Standpipe and underground reservoirs, 235,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 574.

Treatment: Chlorination.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 219

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 8,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Kowley]

Silica (Si02)_....._ . ....

Iron (Fe).._-- ________

Bicarbonate (HCOj).. ....

Parts 

per 

million

14

.00

16

.0

269

4.0

JQA

Equivalents pec 

million

0.80

.66

U ftQ

.10

7.05

- : " - ' =

Sulfate (SO4) -- 

Chloride (Cl). .. ..

Fluoride (F). ................

Nitrate (NO«) ... ....

pH . .. - .

Paster 

.per million

234

46

.6

.2

804

73

8

Q

Equivalents per 

million

4.87

1.30

.03

.00

MILAM COUNTY 

CAMERON

Population in 1940: 5,040.

Source of information: R. W. Hester, water superintendent, Feb. 12, 1943.

Owner: Community Public Service Co.

Source of supply: Surface supply from Little River 1 mile west of Cameron. 

Storage reservoirs and treating plant 2 blocks east and 1 block north of courthouse 

in Cameron.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 200,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, also used for settling basin, 2,000,000 gallons; 

standpipe, 173,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 1,000.

Treatment: }Alum and activated carbon, coagulation and sedimentation, and 

chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected Feb. 12,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt]

Silica (aiOt). ................................. ......

Iron (Fe)._. _________ ...... ______ ...

Calcium (Ca)-.._ _________ . ______ ...

Magnesium (Mg) __________________

Sodium (Na). _ __________________

Potassium (K)._. __________________

Bicarbonate (HCOj) _______________ ..

Sulfate (SOO ..... ................. . .........

Chloride (Cl).............. ........................

Fluoride (F).._. .......... _ . _ ............. ...

Nitrate (NOs) . . 

Total dissolved solids, . _____________ ...

Total hardness as CaCOj. _____________

pH......................*. ........................

Raw water

Parts per 

million

5.8 

.0 

74 

25 

62 

6.0 

278 

65 

92 

.3 

4.8 

472 

288 

7.9

Equivalents 

per million

3.69 

2.06 

2.70 

.15 

4.56 

1.35 

2.59 

.02 

.08

Finished water

Parts per 

million

5.2

.04 

76 

23 

64 , 

7.2 

284 

^8 

88 

.2 

4.8 

476 

283 

8.0

Equivalents 

per million

3.79 

1.89 

2.79 

.18 

4.66 

1.42 

2.48 

.01 

.08

ROCKDALE

Population in 1940: 2,136.

Source of information: J. W. Offield, water superintendent, Feb. 12, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal,

Source of supply: Wells about 300 feet apart in the southwest part of Rockdale, 

Well 1. Dug; depth, 80 feet; diameter, 10 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 5-horsepower electric motor; yield, 125 gallons a minute.
220 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Well 2. Dug; depth, 80 feet; diameter, 8 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 5-horsepower electric motor; yield, 150 gallons a minute. 

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 590. 

Treatment: Aeration and sedimentation.

Analysis, well 2 

[Collected Feb. 12,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt]

Silica (SiOj). ............__...

Iron (Fe)--_-. __ ... _ ......

Calcium (Ca)_. ____ ..'. _ .

Magnesium (Mg) __ ... ...

Potassium (K)..._. _____ .

Bicarbonate (HCO8)_. _ ....

Parts 

per 

million

29

.05

58

21

52

59

Equivalents per 

million

2.89

1.73

2.27

.33

Q7

Sulfate (SO4).. -. 

Chloride (Cl). ................

Nitrate (NOs)..... . __.-_.

pH......_ . ._ -. 

Parts 

per 

million

34

193

.2

5.8

497

231

7.9

Equivalents per 

million

0.71

5.44

.01

.09

THOKNDAUE

Population in 1940: 898.

Source of information: Amos Snyder, water superintendent, Feb. 12, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Surface supply from a lake 1 mile southwest of Thorndale.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 75,000 gallons; average, 25,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 110.

Treatment: Coagulation, sedimentation, and chlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Feb. 12,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt]

Silica (SiOj)... ...............

Iron (Fe)--._ . __..__.__..

Potassium CK.). ......... _ _.

Bicarbonate (HCO8) _ ......

Parts 

per 

million

3.2

.05

56

8.1

8.4

210

Equivalents per 

million

2

7QC

.666

.633

3.442

Sulfate (SO4> - - -

Chloride (Cl)...... _ .._____.

Nitrate (T^Ot). ...............

pH--__....._.__.._..--..-.-..

Parts 

million

24

12

.4

.5

231

174

8.0

Equivalents per 

million

0.500

.338

.021

.COS

MONTGOMERY COUNTY

CONBOE

Population in 1940: 4,624.

Source of information: H. T. Schroeder, engineer, September 1942 and Apr. II1944.

Owner: Gulf States Utilities Co. 

Source of supply: Three wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1921; depth, 205 feet; diameter, 6 inches; air lift'; yield, 

about 60 gallons a minute in 1942; used as stand-by well.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 221

"Well 2. Drilled in 1924; depth, 1,221 feet; diameter, 8 inches; air lift; 

yield, about 440 gallons a minute in 1942.

Well 3. Drilled in 1938; depth, 221 feet; diameter, 16 to 8^ inches; deepwell turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; reported static water 

level, 64 feet below land surface in May 1938; reported yield, 500 gallons a 

minute with draw-down of 56 feet.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

January ___

March.. ......

1942

236,000

225,000

228,000

210,000

1943

245,000

191,000

219, 000

231,000

May __ ......

July.... ...

1942

224,000 oQd. nnn

240,000

1943

263,000

288,000

242,000

449,000

September __

November....

1942

238,000

254,000

203,000

188,000

1943

398,000

380,000

320,000

338,000

Storage: Surface reservoir, 38,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 1,045.

Treatment: Aeration, adjustment of pH with lime, and chlorination.

Analyses, well 2 

[Collected Apr. 11,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO3) _ 

fron(Fe)-.- _____ -. ....

Calcium (Ca). ...... .........

Bicarbonate (HCOj) __ . ....

Parts 

per 

million

26

2.7

<m

7.4

81

7.8

278

Equivalents per 

million

2 00

.61

3

KA

.20

4.56

SuMate (SO?)..... ............

Chloride (Cl).... 

Nitrate (NOS) 

pH_____ . 

Parts 

million

22

46

.2

1.0

369

130

7.9

Equivalents per 

million

0.46

1.30

.01

.02

Driller's log, well

Surface soil- _______ ....

Shale.-. ________ . ......

Sand. ___ .. ___ . .........

Shale ................

Hard sand, some gravel ___

Clay..... ........... ..... ..

Pack sand ....................

Sand... __ .- _ . _ _ .......

Clay... _____ - .........

Shale..... ___ . ............

Pack sand. ____ __ ....

Shale- ........... _ ......

Clay. ...- ..........

Clay . _ 

Thickness 

(feet)

50

30

90

35

45

55

17

12

24

10

32

8

17

6

29

20

15

Depth 

(feet)

50

on

170

205

250

305

322

334

358

368

400

408

425

431

460

480

495

Shale.. __ _. .

Shale .

Shale.--.- - 

Shale--.. . 

Thickness 

(feet)

10

65

20

16

24

55

25

20

50

110

50

40

80

106

20

35

Depth 

(feet)

505

570

590

606

630

685

710

730

780

890

940

980

1,060

1,166

1,186

1,221
222 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

FOSTORIA.

Population in 1940: 1,000.

Source of information: Frank Thomas, master mechanic, Apr. 11, 1944.

Owner: Foster Lumber Co.

Source of supply: Two wells (Nos. 3 and 4).

Well 3. Drilled in 1918; depth, 1,222 feet; diameter, 6 inches; air lift;

natural flow, about 50 gallons a minute in 1944.

Well 4. Drilled in 1937 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,191 feet; diameter,

6% to 5 inches; air lift; natural flow, about 110 gallons a minute in 1944. 

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 30,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Elevated tank, 40,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 220. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 8 

[Collected Jnne 5,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

+K)

Bicarbonate (HCO»)_. .......

Sulfate (SO«)~- ... ... ... ... ..

Parts

per

million

4.8

2.4

123

244

26

Equivalents per

million

0.24

on

5.77

4.00

.54

Chloride (Cl)_. __ . __ ....

Fluoride (F)__..__..__.____...

Nitrate (NOi)_ ... ___ ..

Parts

per

million

41

.8

2.0

320

22

Equivalents per

million

1.16

.04

.03

MONTGOMERY

Population in 1940: 750.

Source of information: Luther Cleveland, water superintendent, Apr. 11, 1944.

Owner: H. F. Mickles.

Source of supply: Well, drilled in 1940; depth, 230 feet; diameter, 6 inches; 

deep-well cylinder pump and 5-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 94 

feet below land surface in June 1942.

Pumpage: Average, 5,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 10,000 gallons. 

. Number of customers: 59.

Treatment: None.

Analysis 

[Collected Apr. 11, 1944. Analyzed by J. H. Bowley]

Silica (SiO2) ...............

Iron (Fe)~. . _ ~ _

Calcium (Ca)-._ _______

Sodium (Na) _________

Parts 

per 

million

25

.05

126

7.6

20

6.4

403

Equivalents per 

million

6.29

.62

.86

.16

6.61

Sulfate (SO4) ~

Chloride (Cl)..... ............

Fluoride (F)..................

Nitrate (NO3)... ....... ...

pH........ ...-.-..-.. - ....

Parts 

per 

million

4.9

42

.6

.2

433

346

7.0

Equivalents per 

million

0.10

L18

.03

.00
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 223

WILJLIS

Population in 1940: 904.

Source of information: T. E. Darden, city secretary, Apr. 11, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well, drilled in 1941 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 365 feet; 

diameter, 10% to 1% inches; deep-well turbine pump and 20-horsepower electric 

motor; static water level, 182.7 feet below measuring point in June 1942; yield, 

105 gallons a minute with draw-down of 85 feet in July 1941.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 12,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 90.

Treatment: None.

Analysis 

[Collected June 10,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Calcium. __ . ________

Sulfate (SO«). ................

Parts 

million

72

16

41

23

Equivalents per 

million

3.59

1 W)

1.78

A. 9Q

.48

Chloride (Cl)...-..._ ......

Nitrate (NO») -

Parts 

per 

million

65

.8

1.0

348

245

Equivalents per 

million

1.83

.04

.02

Drillers' log

Gravel. ______ . __ . .....

Clay.-..... . ..............

Sand _ .... _ ...... ........

Clay.......,..,. ,. ..-

Clay.,... _ ......... _ .....

Thickness 

(feet)

25

15

10

30

50

27

76

Depth 

(feet)

25

40

50

on

130

168

244

Shale 

Thickness 

(feet)

10

22

21

23

13

28

4

Depth 

(feet)

25*

276

297

320

333

361

36£

MORRIS COUNTY

DAESTGERFIELD

Population in 1940: 1,032.

Source of information: Jim Moore, water superintendent, Mar. 14, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 654 feet; 

diameter, 13% to 8 inches; screens from 258 to 279, 301 to 321, and 357 to 378 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 270 feet; 

static water level, 210 feet below land surface in July 1939; yield, 140 gallons a 

minute with draw-down of 47 feet in 1939; present yield reported, 140 gallons 

a minute; temperature, 60° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 400,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Steel ground reservoir on hill 100 feet above downtown area, 100,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 156.

Treatment: Aeration and slow sand filter.
224 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Nov. 2,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiO») 

Iron (Fe)----.-. -------------

Calcium (Ca) ___ . ......

Sodium (Na) _____ . __ .

Bicarbonate (HCOj). _.......

Parts 

per 

million

29

.08

8.0

3.2

6.3

6.0

23

Equivalents per 

million

0.399

OR*2

.272

154

077

Sulfate (S04) -- 

Chloride (Cl).~ 

Nitrate (NOa) ------

pH... -......- ..- ........

Parts 

per 

million

24

7.0

.2

.2

99

QQ

7.3

Equivalents per 

million

0.500

.197

.011

.003

,

Drillers' log, well 1

Bed sandy clay _____ . ...

Sand.. _____ . ____ ...

Black shale __ . ______ .

Sandy shale.. _____ .. .

Sand and lignite ____ .....

Shale . 

Sand and lignite _______

Sand .........................

Kock...__ ___ .... __ .....

Shale.. __________ .. _

Sand..--.. -. _ _ .......

Thickness 

(feet)

25

7

37

23

23

16

5

25

21

1

47

44

Depth 

(feet)

25

32

69

92

115

131

136

161

182

230

97d

Thickness 

(feet)

2

55

2

53

23

66

1

67

27

7

77

Depth 

(feet)

276

331

333

386

409

475

476

543

570

577

654

NAPLES

Population in 1940: 821.

Source of information: Mr. Smith, mayor, Mar. 11, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 2% blocks west of railroad station; drilled in 1935 by 

Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 864 feet (plugged back to 450 feet); diameter, 13 to 6 

inches; screens from 297 to 354 and 397 to 430 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 15-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 280 feet; static water level, 123 

feet below land surface on Mar. 31, 1935; yield, 88 gallons a minute with drawdown of 155 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 16,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 100,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 130.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Dec. 1,1943. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiOs)-. ................

Calcium (Ca) ________

Bicarbonate (HCOs)- ___

Parts 

per 

million

20

.47

3.0

.8

225

3.6

411

Equivalents per 

million

0.15

.07

a 7ft

6.74

Sulfate (S04)- .

Chloride (Cl) ... __. -

Fluoride (F) ..... __ ..

Nitrate (NOs) 

pEL - ..... .. 

Parts 

per 

million

1.4

114

1.4

.2

578

11

8.3

Equivalents per 

million

0.03

3.22

.07

.00
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 225

Drillers' log, well 1

Rock.... ____________

Thickness 

(feet)

10

51

46

EA

91

1

49

10

Depth 

(feet)

10

61

107

1 P7

248

249

308

Shale 

Sand.. 

Shale 

Thickness 

(feet)

38

57

33

40

51

66

7

264

Depth 

(feet)

346

403

436

476

527

593

600

864

OMAHA

Population in 1940: 623.

Source of information: Thomas & Ware Water Co., Mar. 11, 1942.

Owner: Thomas & Ware Water Co.

Source of supply: Well 2% blocks east and 1 block north of railroad station; 

drilled in 1930; depth, 260 feet; diameter, 12 to 6 inches; lower 40 feet of^casing 

perforated; air lift; reported static Water level, 60 feet below land surface; reported 

yield, 100 gallons a minute; temperature, 66° F.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Ground reservoir and elevated tank, capacity unknown.

Number of customers: 74.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Mar. 11,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiO2)... 

Parts 

per 

million

8.8

9 9

1 ,

6.0

Equivalents per 

million

0.44

.18

.93

.10

Sulfate (SOO -

Chloride (Cl)__- ...... 

Fluoride (F).- 

Nitrate (NOj)- 

pH ..... .... ..... ....

Parts

per 

million

17

22

0

30

104

31

5.4

Equivalents per 

million

0.35

.62

0

.48

NACOGDOCHES COUNTY

APPLEBY

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: J. P. Coon, water superintendent, June 15, 1944.

Owners: Citizens of Appleby.

Source of supply: Well at north edge of town; drilled in 1913; depth, 560 feet; 

diameter, 5jKe to 4 inches; cylinder pump and electric motor; reported yield, 40 

gallons a minute.

Pumpage: No data.

Storage: Steel tank, 1,000 gallons*

Number of customers: 16.

Treatment: Aeration.
226 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Aug. 18,1844. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOs) -- 

Iron (Fe) ..................

Calcium (Ca) ..-----.--. ...

Magnesium (Mg) . ..........

Sodium (Na) .... ...........

Potassium (IT)

Bicarbonate (HCOs) __ . ...

Parts 

million

20

6.6

1.8

1.0

3.5

3.0

11

Equivalents per 

million

0.090

.082

.151

.077

.180

Sulfate (SOO- -

Chloride (Cl)_ . 

Nitrate (NOs).---- _ .

pH ............. .. ....

Parts 

per 

million

3.8

5.0

0

0

48

9

5.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.079

.141

0

0

CUSHTNG

Population in 1940: 473.

Source of information: E. D. Beck, city secretary, June 15, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well near elevated tank; drilled in 1936 by J. N. Heard; 

depth, 320 feet; diameter, 6 to 4J4 inches; screen from 280 to 320 feet; deep-well 

turbine pump and electric motor; static water level reported, 115 feet below land 

surface in September 1936 and 117 feet in June 1944; yield, 50 gallons a minute; 

temperature, 71° F.

Pumpage: Average, 15,000 to 18,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 10,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 121.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation with lime and alum, pressure filter, and 

occasion chlorination.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected June 15,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) ... ... 

Bicarbonate (HCOs) __

Parts 

per 

million

21

1.0

19

4.3

o ft

9 9

16

Equivalents per 

million

0. 599

.354

.347

.056

OfiO

Sulfate (SOi) - __ 

Chloride (Cl).. __ . __ . ...

Fluoride (F). __ ....... .....

Nitrate (NOs) - __ -

pH........-. ..............

Parts 

per 

million

37

11

.2

.2

115

48

6.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.770

.310

.011

.003

Dritters' log, well 1

Reklaw member of Mount 

Selman formation:

l~*la\r

Shale, sandy shale, and rock.

'

Thickness 

(feet)

50

115 

21

Depth 

(feet)

50

165 

186

Reklaw member of Mount 

Selman formation Cont.

Carrizo sand:

Thickness 

(feet)

22

99

13

Depth

(feet)

208

307

320
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 227

GARRISON

Population in 1940: 770.

Source of information: N. G. Garrison, Apr. 3, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well half a mile northeast of town; drilled in 1939 by Merle 

R. Pretty; depth, 340 feet; diameter, 10% to 4^ inches; screen from 296 to 336 

feet; deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; static water 

level, 94.9 feet below land surface when drilled; yield, 110 gallons a minute with 

draw-down of 115.5 feet after 24 hours of pumping; temperature, 71° F.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Sept. 4,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) ....... _ .....

Parts 

per 

million

15

.08

2.2

.5

157

1.8

343

Equivalents per 

million

0.11

f\A

.05

fi d*>

Sulfate (BOt). ................

Chloride (Cl). . , ... 

Nitrate (NOt).... ............

pH ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Parts 

per

million

7.0

14

.2

2.2

399

8

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

0-15

.39

.01

(U.

Driller's log, well 1

Thickness 

(feet)

12

30

101

2

3

1

34

1

2

16

31

Depth

(feet)

10

42

143

148

149

183

184

186

202

233

Thickness 

(feet)

1

8

1

29

1

6

3

14

40

4

Depth 

(feet)

234

242

243

272

273

279

282

296

333

340

NACOQDOCHBS

Population in 1940: 7,538.

Source of information: Mr. Stallings, city manager, June 15, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells (Nos. 6 and 7).

Well 6. Drilled in 1929 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 485 feet; diameter, 

20 to 8 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 30-horsepower electric motor; 

Static water level, 17 feet below land surface on Apr. 28, 1937; yield, 

700 gallons a minute with draw-down of 50 feet; temperature, 75° F.

Well 7. Drilled in 1933 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 484 feet; diameter, 

20 to 10 inches; screen from 380 to 470 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

30-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 21 feet below land surface 

on Apr. 28, 1937; yield, 710 gallons a minute with draw-down of 56.5 feet 

after pumping 3 hours; temperature, 75° F. Pumps were lowered 30 feet 

in 1942.
228 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

1941

479,000

428,000

443,000

504,000

527,000

565,000

1942

503,000

488,000

513,000

536,000

584,000

699,000

1943

443,000

485,000

478,000

579,000

705,000

738, 000

1944

522,000

508,000

517, 000

516,000

570, 000

July-..... .-.

1941

701,000

700,000

644,000

623,000

497,000

502,000

1942

821,000

746,000

598,000

498,000

409,000

410,000

1943

890,000

758,000

619,000

550,000

488,000

491, 000

1944

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 110,000 gallons; elevated tank, 250,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 1,904. 

Treatment: Aeration and chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected Feb. 7,1945. Analyzed by J. H. Kowley]

Silica (SiOs) . 

Calcium (Ca)..-.. ______ . _ . _ . __ ........

Sodium (Na) ___________________ . ....

Sulfate (SO4) 

Chloride(Cl).. ... 

Fluoride (F)._. __ . ___ ........ ______ ..

Nitrate (NOs)--. 

PH.......... . .... 

Welle

Parts per 

million

13 

.42 

3.1 

1.0 

55 

4.3 

123 

22 

9.0 

.0 

.2 

172 

12 

6.1

Equivalents 

per million

0.155 

.082 

2.348 

.110 

2.016 

.458 

.254 

.000 

.003

Well?

Parts per 

million

12 

.41 

2.0 

.6 

53 

3.7 

112 

22 

9.0 

.2 

0 

161 

7 

6.1

Equivalents 

per million

0.100 

.049 

2.315 

.095 

1. 836 

.458 

.254 

.011 

0

Drillers' logs

Well 6

Thickness 

(feet)

3

4

9

2

19

1

Q1?

1

30

16

31

1

25

28

4

3

Depth 

(feet)

3

7

16

18

17

38

75

76

106

122

153

154

179

207

211

214

Gumbo .......................

Thickness 

.(feet)

1

4

1

18

1

18

2

Ifl

4

3

27

26

15

16

112

4

Depth 

(feet)

215

219

220

238

239

257

259

278

282

285

312

338

353

369

481

485
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 229

Drillers' logs Continued

Well?

Thickness 

(feet)

7

9

2

19

37

1

in

47

1

25

28

Depth 

(feet)

7

18

37

38

75

76

106

163

154

179

207

Thickness 

(feet)

7

1

4

1

18

1

18

2

53

57

5

110

Depth 

(feet)

214

215

219

220

238

239

257

259

312

369

374

484

NAVARRO COUNTY

BAJRRY

Population in 1940: 350.

Source of information: R. W. Varnell, water superintendent, Feb. 22, 1944.

Owner: Barry Deep Well Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1917 by Fred M. Allison; depth, 1,721 feet; 

diameter, 4% to 3% inches; deep-well cylinder pump and l!4-horsepower electric 

motor; pump set at 160 feet; reported static water level, 18 feet below land surface 

in 1917 and 50 to 60 feet in 1943; yield, 10 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Elevated tank, 32,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 25.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 22,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO2) -. 

Parts 

per 

million

14

.14

4.8

1.5

946

9.0

1,080

Equiva* 

lents per 

million

0.24

.12

.23

17.70

Sulfate (BOO ~

Chloride (01)....... ..........

Fluoride (F). ...............

Nitrate (NO») - ..

pH... . .................

Parts 

million

351

588

2.2

2.2

2,460

18

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

7.31

16.58

.12

.04

Driller's log, well 1

Clay.........................

Shale -. . . 

Shale-.-----... ___ .... .

Shale .-. 

Shale-., ..................

Rock _____ _____ .....

Thickness 

(feet)

4

-56

160

2

588

418

72

80

171

8

Depth 

(feet)

4

60

220

222

810

1,228

1,300

1,380

1,551

1,559

Shale __ -..-._._--_-_-.- _.

Shale __ ... .. .._

Thickness 

(feet)

12

1

53

4

20

2

42

1

17

10

Depth

(feet)

1,571

1,572

1,625

1,629

1,649

1,651

1,693

1,694

1,711

1,721

754993 48 16
230 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

BLOOMING GROVE

Population in 1940: 821.

Source of information: S. W. Grant, water superintendent, Feb. 21, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. About 40 feet east of waterworks building; drilled in 1907; depth, 

1,436 feet; diameter, 6 to 3% inches; air lift; reported static water level, 55 

feet below land surface on July 9, 1907; measured static water level, 251.12 

feet below top of airline Feb. 21, 1944, while well 2 was pumping; 241.55 feet 

after well 2 was shut down 15# hours Feb. 22, 1944; used as stand-by well 

since 1925.

Well 2. About 50 feet north of waterworks building; drilled in 1925 by 

R. H. Dearing & Sons; depth, 1,488 feet; diameter, 6% to 5<Ks inches; deepwell turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 400 feet; 

yield, 100 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 50,000 gallons a day during summer; 30,000 

gallons a day during winter.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 60,000 gallons; elevated tank, 40,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 158. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 2

[Collected Feb. 21,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (Si02).. _ ... _._ 

Iron (Fe) ____ . ............

Calcium (Ca)._.. ...... _ ...

Sodium (Na) .................

Potassium (TO ........ ....

Bicarbonate (HCOa).. .......

Parts 

per 

million

14

.05

6.2

2.4

981

9.2

1,110

Equivalents per 

million

0.31

.20

42.65

.24

18.19

Sulfate(S04). . ......

Chloride (Cl).. ...........

Fluoride (F)......-. .........

Nitrate (NOS)~ .. . -----

pH ............. ........

Parts 

per 

million

172

760

2.4

7.1

2,500

26

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

3.58

21.43

.13

.11

Dntters' logs

Welll

Surface dirt, clay, and water

sand, 2 feet; hard rock at 16

Blue gritty shale and gumbo. .

White lime rock _ . _____

Gumbo _ _ ______ _ ......

Black shale ______ . ___

Black caving shale and hard

Thickness 

(feet)

35

315

12

20

3

505

3

72

200

Depth 

(feet)

35

350

362

382

385

890

893

1,165

Light blue eavy shale and

Thickness 

(feet)

131

13

6

8

17

4

9

1

82

Depth 

(feet)

1,296

1,309

1,315

1,323

1,340

1,344

1,353

1,354

1,436

Well 2

Chalk (white rock).. .........

Rock and shale ...............

Rock _____________

565

385

347

28

3

565

950

1,297

1,328

Rock. ----.---...-.... ___ .

17

53

3

49

38

1,345

1,398

1,401

1,450

1,488
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 231

CORSICANA

Population in 1940: 15,232.

Source of information: Fred M. Blucher, city engineer, Feb. 22, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Lake Halbert, impounding reservoir 5 miles southeast of 

«ity hall; developed in 1923; maximum capacity, 9,350 acre-feet, 6,500 acre-feet 

^available: area of lake, 540 acres; maximum depth, 35 feet. (Before 1894, supply 

was obtained from an impounding reservoir known as Lake Beaton. Between 

1894 and 1923 water was obtained from five wells about 2,500 feet deep in 

Corsicana. The wells flowed when drilled and later ceased flowing. The water 

"was highly mineralized and had a temperature of about 120° F. An impounding 

ireservoir was used to supplement the wells.)

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

1939

102,000

1940

124,000

1941

110,000

1942

113,000

1943

129,000

Storage; Two elevated tanks, 200,000 and 400,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 3,500.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation with alum and lime, activated carbon, 

;sedimentataon, rapid sand filter, and chlorination.

Analysis of finished water 

[Collected Feb. 22,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Kowley]

Silica (SiOj)-- 

Iron (Fe)--- _ . ___ ... _ .

Parts 

per 

million

2.8

.06

42

7.8

21

4.7

105

Equivalents per 

million

2.096

.641

924

.120

1.721

Sulfate (SO4) . - 

Chloride (Cl).....__ ...... ....

Fluoride (F)_. ._-... .......

pH ........................

Parts 

per 

million

 87

7.0

.7

.5

232

137

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

1.811

.197

.037

.008

DAWSON

Population in 1940: 1,155.

:Source of information: G. E. Sellers, water superintendent, Feb. 21, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir about 1 mile south of town; area, 72 

acres; average depth, 8 feet; pump at lake forces water % mile to filter plant and 

booster station; pumps with 250 and 500 gallons per minute at booster station 

deliver water to elevated tank and distribution system. (Before Apr. 2, 1937, 

water was obtained from a well about 1,000 feet deep; water reported salty; 

yield, 25 gallons a minute; casing pulled and well filled when surface water system 

Installed.)

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 17,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 224.

Treatment: Coagulation with alum and lime, sedimentation, and chlorination.
232 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis of finished water 

[CoUected Feb. 21,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiO8) ..... ...... ..

Calcium (Ca) _ .. ____ .

Sodium (Na) .. ...........

Parts

per

million

5.3

.28

56

3.8

20

5.2

144

Equivalents per

million

2.795

.312

.871

.133

2.360

Sulfate (SO4) 

Chloride (Cl) ..............

Nitrate (NOs) .

PH.... ........ ............

Parts

per

million

63

10

1.3

5.5

256

155

7.4

Equivalents per

million

1.312-

28?

.068

.089-

EMHOTJSE

Population in 1940: 281.

Source of information: Mr. Hoffman, mayor, and Fred M. Allison, driller, 

Feb. 22, 1944.

Owners: Local citizens.

Source of supply: Well about 100 feet west of railroad loading dock; drilled in 

1917 by Fred M. Allison; depth, 2,017 feet; diameter, 6 to 3^ inches; deep-well 

cylinder pump and electric motor; reported static water level, 25 feet above land 

surface on Nov. 7, 1917, and flow of 35 gallons a minute; flowed until about 1925.

Storage: Elevated tank, 3,200 gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[CoDected Feb. 22,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silicia (SiO2)--~.

Calcium (Ca) ... ___ . _

Parts 

per 

million

15

.32

9.4

3.0

1,040

11

1,120

Equivalents per 

million

0.47

.25

45.00

.28

18.36

Sulfate (SCW 

Chloride (Cl)...... ...........

Fluoride (F)._. ..............

Nitrate (NOs) 

pH 

Parts 

per 

million

491

612

2.3

3.2

2,740

36

7.5

Equivalents per 

million

10. 22

17.26

.12

.0&

Driller's log, well 1

Clsy. ........................

Shale--.. _ ----------------

Shale - 

Rock ____ . _____ .. ...

Shale ...... .......

Shale . 

Shale---- .

Rock _____________ ..

Shale-------.-.... .......

Rock-..--...-,...--..-- _ _- Water sand (First

Woodbine) _ ..... __ ....

Thickness 

(feet)

5

55

213

2

75

3

572

402

93

80

188

2

4

10

4

47

Depth 

(feet)

5

60

273

275

350

353

925

1,327

1,500

1,688

1,690

1,694

1,704

1,708

1,709

1,756

Rock ...... ........ ....

Rock __ _ . _______ . ...

Shale 

Rock--... --------

Shale 

Shale 

Thickness 

(feet)

2

5

2

35

11

24

34

2

30

3

15

30

18

47

Depth 

(feet)

1,758

1,763

1,765

1 QHft

1,812

1,836

1,870

1,902

1,905

1,920

1 QK9

1,970

2,017
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 233

FROST

Population in 1940: 671.

Source of information: Robert Freeman, water superintendent, Feb. 21, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well near elevated tank and standpipe; drilled in 1901 by 

<C. L. Witherspoon; depth, 1,184 feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; deep-well turbine 

pump and 7%-horsepower electric motor; yield, 60 gallons a minute; temperature, 

 92° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 30,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 100,000 gallons; standpipe, 80,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 185.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 21,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silicia (SiO2)-. - - . 

Iron (Fe)----__-..- ___ ...

 Calcium (Ca) __ - ____

Sodium (Na). __-.... _ .. _ .

Bicarbonate (HCOs)- 

Parts 

per 

million

14

.03

3.5

1.1

594

10

812

Equivalents per 

million

0.17

.09

25.83

.26

13.31

Sulfate (SOi)- -

Chloride (Cl)... -.. -

vktr

Parts 

per 

million

441

131

2.1

4.4

1,600

13

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

9.18

3.69

.11

.07

KERENS

Population in 1940: 1,287.

Source of information: Earl M. McClung, city secretary, Feb. 22, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir 3 miles east of Kerens; capacity, 778 

acre-feet; average depth, 8 feet. (Before 1935 water was obtained from 16 wells; 

depth, about 50 feet; diameter, 6 feet. The water was of poor quality and the 

yield was insufficient during the summers. Fred M. Allison reported that he 

drilled a test well to the Woodbine sand at about 4,000 feet and found salty water.)

Pumpage: Average, 50,000 gallons a day in 1940; 47,500 gallons a day in 1941.

Storage: Concrete settling basin, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 75,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 342.

Treatment: Coagulation with alum and lime, sedimentation, and chlorination.

Analysis of finished water

[Collected Feb. 22,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOz). . __ ..... 

Parts 

per 

million

2.0

.18

30

2.0

2.6

2.2

31

Equivalents per 

million

1.497

164

.115

.056

.508

Sulfate (SO4) - .

Chloride (Cl)..... .___.. 

Fluoride (F) . . 

Nitrate (NOj).... ... .........

pH. _ .........

Parts 

Der 

million

57

4.0

.2

.8

125

83

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

1.187

.113

.011

.013
234 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

NEWTON COUNTY 

CALL

Population in 1940: 250.

Source of information: J. M. Prichard, Kirby Lumber Co., Apr. 15, 1942.

Owner: Kirby Lumber Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1935 by John Adams; depth, 529 feet; diameter, 

8 inches; screen from 489 to 529 feet; air lift; static water level reported, 40 feet 

below land surface; yield, 325 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 150,000 gallons a day, of which 70 percent is 

used by sawmill.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 5,500 gallons; two elevated tanks, 65,000 and 

31,000 gallons.

Number of customers: No record.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Apr. 15, 1942. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr]

Calcium (Ca).--.---._ .......

Magnesium (Mg).. ..........

Potassium (K).__. .. __ ....

Sulfate (SOO 

Parts 

per 

million

17

1.0

\ fi S

> 8.5

61

4

Equivalents per 

million

0.848

.082

1.000

.083

Chloride (Cl).._ ..-._._.._. 

Fluoride (F). ... ...........

Nitrate (NOj)- ..............

Parts 

per 

million

7.0

.1

0

68

46

Equivalents per 

million

0.19T

.005.

0

DEWEYVILLE

Population in 1940: 950.

Source of information: C. D. Alien, Perry-Moore Lumber Co., Apr. 15, 1942,

Owner: Perry-Moore Lumber Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1927 by George Glidden; depth, 105 feet; 

diameter, 8 inches; screen from 75 to 105 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 30- 

horsepower electric motor; static water level reported, 12 feet below land surf ace; 

yield, 350 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 375,000 gallons a day; used to supply town 

and sawmill.

Number of customers: 125.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Apr. 15,1942. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr]

Bicarbonate (HCOs) ____

Sulfate (SOt).... .............

Parts 

per 

million

20

4.6

| 40

146

3

Equivalents per 

million

1.00

.38

1.74

2.40

.06

Chloride (Cl) . . . 

Fluoride (F). _

Parts 

million

22

.3

0

162

68

Equivalents per 

million

0.62

02

0
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 235

NEWTON

Population in 1940: 1,200.

Source of information: Fred Bailey, Apr. 10, 1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well across railroad tracks west of courthouse; drilled in. 

1938 by McMasters-Pomeroy Co.; depth, 200 feet; diameter, 6 to 5 inches; deepwell turbine pump and electric motor; static water level, 11 feet below land surface in 1938; yield, 55 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: Average, 55,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 55,000 gallons; elevated tank, 55,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 112.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Apr. 10,1941. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr]

Silica (SiOi). _ ..... ____ ..

Iron (Pe) _______ . .....

Calcium (Ca). ________

Mfumfisinm (TVTg)

Sodium (Na) _________

Potassium (K). . _______

Bicarbonate (HCOs) ___ ...

Parts 

per 

million

24

.02

5.9

1.2

/ 6. 3

26

Equivalents per 

million

0 294

.099

.274

.426

Sulfate (S04) -- 

Chloride (Cl)_.,_. __ ........

Fluoride (F). _ ,.. __ ... 

Nitrate (NO*).. __ , _ - _ -

pH....... ....................

Parts 

per 

million

2.1

7.0

0

0

62

20

6.5

Equivalents per 

million

0.044-

.197"

0

0

Drillers' log, well 1

Sand. _____________

Clay.........................

Sand ___________ ...

Clay ._.-.. __ .. __.

Sand. _____________

Shale - -. ._ _ _.

Thickness 

(feet)

3

4

21

4

26

6

Depth 

(feet)

q

7

no

32

*s

64

Clay.......... 

Thickness 

(feet)

30

21

37

37

11

Depth 

(feet)

94-

115.

152:

189-

200'

WIERGATB

Population in 1940: 1,000.

Source of information: Wier Long Leaf Lumber Co., May 21, 1942.

Owner: Wier Long Leaf Lumber Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1925 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth,. 

232 feet; diameter, 6 to 4 inches; screen from 190 to 222 feet; air lift; static: 

water level reported, 30 feet below land surface; yield, 500 gallons a minute.

Storage: Two elevated tanks, 20,000 gallons each.

Number of customers: 425.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well I 

[Collected May 21,1942. Analyzed by W. W. Hastingsl

Sulfate (S0«). _ . __ -

Parts 

million

4.0 i i

\ 3.0

19

3

Equivalents per 

million

0.200

.123

.130

107

.062

Chloride (Cl)... ... -

Nitrate (NOs)- __ .... 

Parts 

per 

million

6.0

.3

0

24

16

Equivalents per 

million

0.169

.016

0
236 PUBLIC WATEE SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' log, well 1

Cinders. ___________

Sand ___ .. __ ______

Clay.........................

Sand...... __ ....... ........

Thickness 

(feet)

3

12

15

21

15

23

Depth 

(feet)

3

15"V\

51

66

89

Clay _ -_ _..-.... . .-

Clay. ... ... ... 

Clay...- .- 

Thiek- 

, ness 

(feet)

11

18

64

39

1L

Depth 

(feet)

100

118

182

221

232

ORANGE COUNTY 

ORAJSTGE

Population in 1940: 7,472 (estimated in 1944, 45,000).

Source of information: D. O. Gideon, water superintendent, Apr. 13, 1944.

Owner: Gulf States Utilities Co.

Source of supply: Five wells.

Well 1. Drilled by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 685 feet; diameter, 16 to 

6 inches; screens from 326 to 348 and 645 to 685 feet; deep-well turbine 

pump; well flows 30 gallons a minute; yield, 422 gallons a minute with 

reported draw-down of 9 feet; temperature, 76° F.

Well 2. Depth, 650 feet; diameter, 8 inches; centrifugal pump; well flowed 

on Feb. 7, 1941.

Well 3. Drilled in 1924; depth, 755 feet; diameter, 16 to 8 inches; deepwell turbine pump; screen from 672 to 737 feet; well flows.

Well 4. Drilled in 1941 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 749 feet; diameter, 

16 to B% inches; screen from 613 to 734 feet; deep-well turbine pump; static 

water level, 0.57 foot above ground on Sept. 22, 1941.

Well 5. Drilled in 1943 by Layne-Texas Co.-; depth, 740 feet; diameter, 

20 to 10% inches; screens from 442 to 473 and 560 to 740 feet; yield, 2,089 

gallons a minute with draw-down of 81 feet.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

Month

January __________

March, ___________

July........................

1938

481,600

411, 100

399,800

363,200

387,200

397,900

402,000

436, 100

351.100

336,100

1939

329, 600

329, 300

349, 700

368,800

502,800

521, 200

516,500

1940

531, 900

457,400

481,600

dO^ fiftn

475, 900

515, 300

456 700

1941

549; 200

567, 100-

6S1, 300'

757,400

758,300

784,400

936,900

934, 900

927,500

851, 900

921,900

1942

1,004,000

1, 016, 000

1, 379, 000

1, 249, 000

1, 446, 000

1, 527, 000

1 433 000

1, 610, 000

1, 461, 000

1,844,000

1, 871, 000

1, 932, 000

1943

2,028,000

1,762,000

1,966,000

2,093,000

2, 238, 000

2, 727, 000

2, 887, 000

2, 699, 000

2, 682, 000

2, 633, 000

2,738,000

2, 726, 000

1944

2, 801, 000

3, 096, 000

2, 916, 000

3, 378, 000

Storage: Two ground storage reservoirs, 75,000 gallons each; two elevated 

tanks, 100,000 and 500,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 3,000. 

Treatment: Chlorination.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 237

Analyses 

[Collected Apr. 12,1941. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr., and E. W. LohrJ

Silica (SiOj) 

Iron (Fe)

CalcLum(Ca)..-- 

Magnesium (Mg)._ .-.--....... ___ .. ____

Sodium and potassium (Na+K) ___________

Bicarbonate (HCCM... _ . ____ .

Sulfate (SOO. .

Chloride (Cl). ............ ............ .............

Nitrate(Sr03)-. ...................

Total dissolved solids. .. ______ ...

Total hardness as CaCOs- ___________ _

Welll

Parts per 

million

51 

.39 

9.2 

3.0 

92 

168 

2.2 

52 

.4 

286 

35

Equivalents 

per million

0.46 

.25 

3.57 

2.75 

.05 

1.47 

.01

Well 4

Parts per 

million

48 

.34 

8.6 

2.0 

105 

198 

1.6 

67 

.3 

335 

30

Equivalents 

per million

0.43T 

.!& 

4.58 

3.25 

.03 

1.89 .00"

Drillers' logs

Welll

Clay.. ... ___ .. _ . .....

Sand ..

Clay.........................

Sand.........................

Gumbo. _ 

Thickness 

(feet)

60

53

3

47

7

154

Depth 

(feet)

60

113

116

163

170

324

Thickness 

(feet)

25

91

40

50

110

45

Depth 

(feet)

349-

440

480

530

64O

685-

Well 3

Clay ^

Clay. 

Sand

Fine-grained sand

in

35

13

85

220

32

10

50

85

98

183

403

435

44.fi

35

60

61

39

30

30

55

480 540-

601

64fr 670-

700

755>

 ORANOEFEELD

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: John Denney, water superintendent.

Owner: Rufus Webb.

Source of supply: Well; depth, 400 feet; diameter, 4 inches; temperature 76 %°

Storage: Pressure tank, 500 gallons.

Number of customers: 150.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Apr. 13,1944. Analyzed by M. L. Begley]

(Na+K).. ..............

Parts 

per 

million

2 4

.7

111

ISfl

Equivalents per 

million

0.120

.058

4.819

2 950

Stflfate (SO*) . ..... 

Chloride (Cl). .. 

Nitrate (NOi). ... 

Parts 

per 

million

2

71

.2

321

9

Equivalents per 

million

0.042

2.002

.003
238 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

ORANGEFEELD (EAST OF COW BAYOU)

Population in 1940: 500. . , .

Source of information: V. F. Kesmer.

Owner: Sun Oil Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1923 by Sun Oil Co.; depth, 659 feet; diameter, 

6 inches; screen from 564 to 651 feet; equipped with deep-well turbine pump; 

well flowed Feb. 17, 1941; temperature, 78^° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 5,000 gallons a day; maximum, 10,000 gallons 

a day; average, 6,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Steel pressure tank, 5,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 28.

Treatment: None.

PANOLA COUNTY

CARTHAGE

Population in 1940: 2,178.

Source of information: H. A. Gillis, water superintendent, Nov. 3, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. At waterworks plant % block north of courthouse; drilled with

cable tools in 1919; depth, 255 feet; diameter, 8 inches; air lift; screen from

215 to 255 feet; yield reported, 250 gallons a minute; used as stand-by well. 

Well 2. At waterworks plant % block north of courthouse and about 100

feet from well 1; drilled in 1926; depth, 255 feet; diameter, 8 inches; air lift;

screen from 215 to 255 feet; yield reported, 175 gallons a minute. 

Pumpage (estimated): 160,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 100,000 gallons; elevated steel tank, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 482.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 2 

[Collected Nov. 3,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO2) ...............

Iron (Fe). _________ ..

Calcium (Ca) ________

MftgnpsiiiTn (Mg) t

Sodium (Na)_. ______ ..

Potassium (K). ..............

Bicarbonate (HCOa) .........

Parts 

per 

million

22

.11

11

2.8

72

2.6

207

Equivalents per 

million

0.549

.230

3.120

.066

3.393

Sulfate (SO4) -.... ..... ... .

Chloride (Cl) ._. . __ _..

Nitrate (NO3) .... ... 

pH......__......._......._...

Parts 

per 

million

3

17

.2

1.2

246

39

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

0.062

.480

.011

.019

Driller's log, well

Surface sand- _________

Clay and layers of sand _ ...

Gumbo..... ..................

Thickness 

(feet)

2

68

145

Depth 

(feet)

2

70

215

Thickness 

(feet)

40

Depth 

(feet)

255

255
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 239

POLE COUNTY

CAMDEN

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: Sawmill superintendent, October 1941.

Owner: W. T. Carter Lumber Co.

Source of supply: Well at sawmill of Carter Lumber Co.; drilled in 1935 by 

ILayne-Texas Co.; depth, 404 feet; diameter, 12 to 8 inches; screen from 362 to 

402 feet; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor; yield, 120 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: No record. Well supplies sawmill, company houses and other 

 buildings, and public school.

Storage: Elevated tank, 12,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Oct. 23,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings}

Silica (8iOi). .................

Iron (Fe)_ _ . _______

Calcium (Ca). ________

K). .. . ... .. 

Bicarbonate (HCOs) ____

Parts 

per million

48

.14

13

2.4

29

79

Equivalents per 

million

0.64

.20

1.27

1.30

Chloride (Cl).................

Fluoride (F)........._........

N! itrafa fNTO^

Parts 

per 

million

12

1Q

.3

0

163

42

Equivalents per 

million

0.25

.54

.02

0

Drillers' log, well 1

Soil and clay _________

Broken sand and clay... __

Thickness 

(feet)

34

103

Depth

(feet) '

ii

137

Thickness 

(feet)

226

41

Depth 

(feet)

363

404

CORRIGAN

Population in 1940: 1,402.

Source of information: A. B. Knox, water superintendent, Oct. 23, 1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well across road from railroad station; drilled in 1937 by 

A. E. Fawcett; depth, 200 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 7K-horsepower 

electric motor; static water level, 35 feet below pump base in 1937; yield, 175 

gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 30,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Oct. 23,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiO2). ...............

Iron (Fe) ___________

Calcium (Ca) ________

K) ...- .-........ . .

Bicarbonate (HCOS) - ___

Parts 

per 

million

72

.15

19

3.6

31

37

Equivalents per 

million

0.94

Ort

1.33

.60

Sulfate (SO*)- 

Chloride (Ol)................ .

"Njifrato fTSTfSo^

Parts 

per 

million

61

24

.1

0

229

62

Equivalents per 

million

1.28

.68

.00

0
240 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

GOODRICH

Population in 1940: 200.

Source of information: E. D. Edmonds, owner, Oct. 23, 1941.

Owner: E. D. Edmonds.

Source of supply: Well, drilled; depth, 370 feet; diameter, 4 inches; screen 

from 342 to 370 feet; deep-well cylinder and electric motor-driven pump jack; 

static water level, 2 feet below top of casing; yield, 10 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: Average, 7,500 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 1,700 gallons; elevated tank, 2,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 65.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected. Oct. 23,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastlngsl

Silica (SiOs) ____ - .......

(Na+K).. ..............

Parts 

per 

million

19

1*>

17

2.4

87

244

Equivalents per 

 million

0 84

.20

3.77

4 nn

Sulfate (SO4) -

Chloride (Cl) -

Nitrate (NO»)..~ ............

Parts 

per 

million

12

18

1.0

0

977

52

Equivalents per 

million

0.25.

.51

.05-

0

IJVINGSTON

Population in 1940: 1,851.

Source of information: Luther Mays, water superintendent, Oct. 24, 1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1938 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 232 feet; diameter,. 

16 to 8% inches; screen from 183 to 232 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

electric motor; static water level, 80 feet below pump base Apr. 9, 1938; 

yield, 235 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 268 feet; diameter,. 

16 to 8% inches; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor; static water 

level, 106.5 feet below pump base Oct. 24, 1941; yield, 250 gallons a minute..

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

April. ............

1939

165,000

200,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

275,000

1940

170, 000

195,000

195,000

210 000

1Q8 flnn

250,000

1941

170, 000

901 nnn

200,000

194, 000+

210,000

July..-. ..........

1939

225,000

230,000

190,000

190,000

1940 .

260,000

200,000

200,000

180,000

m nnn

150,000

1941

228,000)

241,000'

Storage: Ground reservoir, 34,000 gallons; two elevated tanks, 50,000 and 

75,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 710. 

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 241

[Collected Oct. 24,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SiOz)

Iron (Fe) ______ ... ______ . __ . ___ .

 Calcium(Ca) ... _

Sodium and potassium (Na+K).. _ . ___ .....

Bicarbonate (HCOs) .

Sulfate (SO4) .. ..... .............. .

Chloride (Cl). ..................... -. . .

Fluoride(F).. .....................................

Nitrate (NOs) .

'Total hardness as CaCOs _ - ___ .-.. _ . ___

Welll

Parts per 

million

27 

.06 

36 

7.3 

69 

259 

12 

31 

.1 

.2 

311 

120

Equivalents 

per million

1.80 

.60 

2.94 

4.25 

.25 

.87 

.00 

.00

Well 2

Parts per 

million

25 

.06 

221 

21 

80 

305 

8 

392 

.2 

0 

897 

638

Equivalents 

per million

11.06 

1.70 

3.48 

6.00 

.17 

11.06 

.01 

0

Drillers' logs 

Well 1 *"

Clay

{Sand

Thickness 

(feet)

1

84 

20 

26

Depth 

(feet)

1

85 

105 

131

Thickness 

(feet)

34 

20

47

Depth 

(feet)

165 

185 

232

Well 2

(Clay... -__ .

 Sand with layers of clay ......

 Shale . ... ...

1

67

40

86

1

68

108

194

35

12

27

229

241

268

NEW WILLARD

Population in 1940: 700.

Source of information: Sawmill manager, Oct. 23, 1941.

^Owner: Texas Longleaf Lumber Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1912; depth, 412 feet; diameter, 8 inches; 

pumped with air.

Pumpage: No ^record. Supplies sawmill and company houses and other 

buildings.

Storage: Elevated tank.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Oct. 23,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastiogs]

(Na+K).. ..............

Bicarbonate ,(H C Os) ____ .

Parts 

per 

million

60

37

3 A

90

128

Equivalents per 

million

1 Sfi

.28

1.27

2.10

Sulfate (SOO. -

Chloride (Cl)... ... ... ... ..

Nitrate (NO»)-~ ----- 

Parts 

per 

million

8.0

40

.2

0

241

107

Equivalents per 

million

0.17

1.13

.01

0
242 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

BED RIVER COUNTY 

ANNONA

Population in 1940: 446.

Source of information: R. L. Harvey, water superintendent, Sept. 22, 1943.

Owner: Texas and Pacific Ry.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir northwest of town; capacity, 90,000,000 

gallons. (City attempted to develop ground-water supply; a well was drilled in 

1936 by B. J. Harper to a depth of 873 feet, but saline water was obtained from 

sand between 839 and 872 feet.)

Pumpage: Average, 6,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 30,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 45.

Treatment: Coagulation with alum, pressure filter, and chlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Sept. 22,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silicia (SiOj)... .....

Sodium (Na) .

Bicarbonate (HCOj). . ...

Sulfate (SO*)... .. ......

Parts 

per 

million

7.1

Qd.

46

9 1

6.0

4.8

159

5.9

Equivalents per 

million

2.296

.263

.123

2.606

.123

Chloride (Cl)-_ ..... ... 

Fluoride(F) ,. 

Nitrate (N0»)~ .

pH.... ....... .............

Parts 

per 

million

3.0

.6

.8

167

124

8.0

Equivalents per 

million

0.085

.032

.013

Driller's log, abandoned well

Soil 

Shale 

White marl __________

Thickness 

(feet)

6

100

If)

124

5

21

102

18

ID

5

Depth 

(feet)

6

106

136

260

265

286

388

406

425

430

Shale and boulders. __ 

Shale 

Shale _ 

Thickness 

(feet)

133

2

159

3

5

27

78

2

33

1

Depth 

(feet)

563

565

724

727

732

759

837

839

872

873

AVERT"

Population in 1940: 477.

Source of information: W. G. Bryan, postmaster, Sept. 22, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir half a mile north of town; built in 1936; 

17 acres under water. (City attempted to develop ground-water supply; well 

drilled in 1934 by Layne-Texas Co. to a depth of 1,320 feet, encountered salt 

water at 1,180 feet; well filled and abandoned.)

Pumpage: Average, 12,500 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 81.

Treatment: Coagulation, pressure filter, and chlorination.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 243

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Sept. 22,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiOj) 

Iron (Fe)-. __ .. _____

Sodium (Na)-._ ..............

Parts 

per 

million

5.0

.12

32

2.7

15

5.3

67

Equivalents per 

million

1.597

.222

.633

.136

1.098

Sulfate (SOt)... ..............

Chloride (Cl) ..............

Nitrate (NO3) .

PH. -

Parts 

per 

million

23

35

.2

.8

170

91

7.3

Equivalents per 

million

0.479

.987

.011

.015

BOGATA

Population in 1940: 800.

Source of information: W. C. Kelly, water superintendent, Sept. 21, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: One main well and four feeder wells at northeast edge of 

town; dug in 1937. Depth of main well, 30 feet; diameter, 24 feet. Feeder wells 

are 200 to 500 feet from main well; depth, 30 feet; diameter, about 6 feet; centrifugal pump and 7^-horsepower electric motor; yield, 100 gallons a minute; temperature, 76° F.

Pumpage: Maximum, 25,000 gallons; average, 15,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 10,000 gallons; elevated tank. 50,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 96.

Treatment: Aeration and chlorination.

;is, well 1 

[Collected Sept. 21,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) ......

Iron (Fe) ____________

Calcium (Ca) .... .. . . ...

Magnesium (Mg) ______ .

Sodium (Na)

Potassium (K).__ __ . ___ .

Bicarbonate (HCOs)..- __ .

Parts 

per 

million

46

.03

4.9

1.0

9.3

3.4

27

Equivalents per 

million

0.245

.082

404

.087

.443

Sulfate (BOO-- 

Chloride (01). 

Fluoride (F)... 

Nitrate (NOs) ----- 

pH . 

Parts 

per 

million

7.4

6.0

0

3.2

114

16

6.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.154

0

.052

CXjARKSVTLTiE

Population in 1940: 4,095.

Source of information: W. C. Pinson, Jr., water superintendent, Sept. 21, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells in northwest part of town.

Well 1. Drilled in 1905; depth, 602 feet; diameter, 6 to 5 inches; air lift; 

static water level, 144 feet below land surface; yield, 160 gallons a minute; 

used as stand-by well.

Well 2. Drilled in 1905; depth, 602 feet; diameter, 4 inches; air lift; yield, 

105 gallons a minute; used as stand-by well.

Well 3. Drilled in 1930 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 602 feet; diameter, 

16 to 8 inches; screen from 523 to 600 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 75-
244 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

horsepower electric motor; pump set at 430 feet; static water level, 144 feet 

below land surface; yield, 507 gallons a minute with draw-down of 276 feet 

when drilled; present yield reported, 650 gallons a minute; temperature, 

73° F. '

Pumpage: Average, 250,000 gallons a day in summer and 175,000 gallons a day 

In winter.

Storage: Two concrete ground reservoirs, 350,000 gallons; elevated tank, 

75,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 1,006.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 8 

{Collected Sept. 21,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiO2)- - ---- 

Parts 

per 

million

15

.04

5.3

1.0

384

4.8

437

Equivalents per 

million

0.26

.08

16.70

.12

7.18

Chloride (Cl).......... .......

Fluoride (F).... . ....

Nitrate (NOs) ~~ 

PH. ... . .. ........

Parts 

per 

million

201

9fU

.4

2.0

1.030

17

8.4

Equivalents per 

million

4.18

5.75

.02

03

Drillers' log, well 8

Soil.. - - ... .......

Thickness 

(feet)

2

10

30

120

87

25

9

Depth 

(feet)

2

12

42

162

249

274

283

Thickness 

(feet)

177

1O

51

13

2

64

Depth 

(feet)

ifin

4.79

523

536

538

602

ROBERTSON COUNTY

BREMONI>

Population in 1940: 1,106.

Source of information: Charles Clark, water superintendent, Feb. 11, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well at pumping station; drilled in 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; 

active static water level reported, 121 feet below land surface; yield, 84 gallons 

a minute with pumping level at 190 feet in July 1942.

Pumpage (estimated): About 25,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 166.

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES. 245

Analysis, well 1 

{Collected Feb. 11,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt]

Silica (SiO_)~ . __ _

Parts 

per 

million

1Q

.05

42

8.2

66

6.6

205

Equivalents per 

million

2.10

.67

.17

3.36

Sulfate (SO*). 

Chloride (Cl) ...

pH_ ... ... ... ... ... ... ... -

Parts 

per 

. million

58

63

.2

1.0

334

138

8.3

Equivalents per 

million

ri >aj

1.78

.01

.02

CAX.VERT

Population in 1940: 2,366.

Source of information: J. L. Crouch, water superintendent, Feb. 11, 1943. 

Owner: Gulf States Utilities Co.

Source of supply: Two wells across the street from railroad station in Calvert. 

Well 1. Depth, 680 feet; diameter, 8 inches; air lift; yield, 200-gaUons-a 

minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1927;depth, 679 feet; diameter, 16 to 10 inches; screens 

from 534 to 578, 616 to 637, and 659 to 679 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and electric motor; during test in 1927, static water level was 7.8 feet below 

measuring point and yield 248 gallons a minute with draw-down of "24 feet; 

in 1942, static water level was 14 feet and yield 200 gallons a minute with 

draw-down of 45 feet.

Pumpage: Average, 70,000 gallons; maximum, 120,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Standpipe, 90,000 gallons; ground reservoir, 26,000-gallbns. 

Number of customers: 367. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 2 

{Collected Feb. 11,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt]

Silica (SiOj) 

Calcium (Ca) ............

Sodium (Na). ...............

Parts 

per 

million

16

Tf>

6.3

1.5

321

6.0

RQ9

Equivalents per 

million

" 0.31

.12

13.97i 1\

11 34

Sulfate <80_)~ 

Chloride (Cl) 

Fluoride <F) . . 

Nitrate (NO») - 

pH .... ... ..... ..... ...

-Parts 

per 

million

1,6

111. 4

2,0

807

 22

8.3

Equivalents per 

million

0.03

3.13

.02

.03

Drillers' log, well 2

'

Clsy. ........................

Clay.. .. _

Sand ______________

Rock _ . ____________

Clay. .,. . .

JBrittle clay __________

Rock _ . _______ i ___

Clay

Sandstone ___________________

Thickness 

(feet)

20

10

10

3

2

10

51

23

14

10

5

10

26

5

Depth 

(feet)

20

30

40

43

45

106

131

-1 AK

155

160

170

196

201

-

Sand.. 

Sand. ... .- 

Clay 

Thickness 

(feet)

34

36

68

1

65

75

«4

50

12

20

2

,49

1

1

Depth 

(feet)

225

,261

329

330

395

470

534

584

596

614

616

665

666

667

754993 48 17

.1ANN.NG FIllIP 

HYDROLOW
246 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

FRANKLIN

Population in 1940: 1,087.

Source of information: G. S. Stobart, water superintendent, Feb. 12, 1943.

Owner: Gulf States Utilities Co.

Source of supply: Well on south side of railroad about 1 block west of railroad 

station; drilled about 1923; depth, 176 feet; air lift.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 58,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 55,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 284.

Treatment: Lime, chlorinated lime, and hexameta phosphate fed into well, 

sedimentation, sand filtration, and chlorination.

Analysis of finished water 

[Collected Feb. 12,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt]

Silica (SiOj) ............

Calcium (Ca) 

Sodium (Naj. ... .....

Parts 

million

13 

.02

36 

1.9 

11 

4.6

SI

Equivalents per 

million

1.797 

.156 

.473 

.118 

1.327

Sulfate (SOO « 

Chloride (Cl)........ .........

Fluoride (_F) ...... .... . -

Nitrate (NOj) ~ 

Total hardness as CaCOj ..... 

pH__..... . ... ... .... ...

Parts 

per 

million

30 

21 

0

, 0 

158 

98 

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

0.625 

.592 

0 

0

HEARNE

Population in 1940: 3,511.

Source of information: W. A. Wilkerson, water superintendent, Feb. 11, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells at pumping station in Hearne.

Well 1. Drilled in 1911 by Taylor-Robertson Co.; depth, 748 feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; screen from 688 to 748 feet; air lift; flowed when drilled; 

static water level, about 17 feet below land surface in 1943; used as stand-by. 

Well 2. Drilled in 1935 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,275 feet; diameter, 

12 to 6 inches; screen from 1,125 to 1,275 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

electric motor; yield, 675 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: Average from Apr. 1, 1942, to Mar. 1, 1943, 116,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Two elevated tanks, 50,000 and 150,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 780. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses 

[Collected Feb. 11,1943. Analyzed by P. A. Witt]

Sfflca(SiOj) __ .................................

Sodium(Na) -..-.- -.-.-.. - . 

Sulfate (SCM ..- -- 

Chloride (Ci) _ ...................................

Fluoride (F). ......................................

Nitrate (NO«) .. . . . _ . .... __

Total hardness as CaCO&.- _____________

pH.. ........................................

Welll

Parts per 

million

10 

.31 

5.3 

1.1 

173 

5.8 

406 

3.0 

44 

.2 

3.0 

446 

18 

8.3

Equivalents 

per million

0.26 

.09 

7.62 

.15 

6.66 

.06 

1.24 

.01 

.05

Well 2

Parts per 

million

6.2 

.12 

48 

.8 

175 

7.6 

410 

2.9 

46 

.2 

2.0 

443 

16 

8.3

Equivalents 

per million

0.24 

 .07 

7.63 

.19 

6.73 

' .06 

1.30 

.01 

.03
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 247

Drillers' logs 

Welll

gaud ..

rock ___ . __ ___ . _

fll»ft.T|'i"*l

Thickness 

(feet)

12

28

28

57

25

40

10

4A

» 145

20

40

5

4

Depth 

(feet)

12

An

68

125

150

190

200

">At\

385

405

445

450

454

Thickness 

(feet)

10

10

12

10

15

15

11

2

22

8

52

30

10

78

Depth 

(feet)

47S

48$

465-

50& 520-

535

546

548

570

578

630

660

670

748

Well 2

Shale........- ...-.......

Itock

Shale 

2

14

62

OK

1

15

10

44

51

53

22

57

1

20

48

11

45

2

16

28

90

115

116

131

141

236

289

311

368

3AQ

389 437

448

493

514

Sand, 

Sand---- 

Lignite 

Good coarse-grained sand 

2

35

97

1

7

3

11

92

57

3

62

53

113

18

23

21

17

146

516

551

648

649

666

659

670

762

819

822

884

937

1,050

1,063

1,091

1,112

1,129

1,275

BOOKWALL COUNTY 

KOCKWAUQ

Population in 1941: 1,318.

Source of information: W. M. McCoulskey, water superintendent, July 31, 

1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells. N 

Well 1. Drilled in 1902 by Peering Drilling Co.; depth, 1,840 feet; diameter, 

6 to 3^ inches; deep-well turbine pump and 10-horsepower electric motor; 

yield, 35 gallons a minute.

WeH 2. Drilled in 1941 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 3,347 feet; diameter, 

8% to 4H inches; screen from 3,242 to 3,342 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 20-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 123 feet below pump 

base Sept. 18, 1941; yield, 134 gallons a minute with a draw-down of 127 

feet Sept. 18, 1941.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 20,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 225.

Treatment: None.
248 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

[Collected July 31,1941 and Nov. 16,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings and J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Silica (SiOs) 

Iron(Fe)-. . _

Calcium (Ca) ___ .... _________ .... ....

Magnesium (Mg) _________ . ...............

Sodium and potassium (Na+K).. ______ ....

Bicarbonate (HCOs) - -- ___ - __ . ............

Sulfate- (SOO . .. . ....................

Chloride (Cl).-.. ........... __ .. __ ... . ...

Pluoride(F). ....... ...............................

Nitrate (NO8)r . ........ ..............

Total dissolved solids. .. ______________

Total hardness as CaCOs-- _______ 

pH. .. .

Welll

Parts per 

million

10 

4.4 

1,630 

1,080 

43 

1,720

3,840 

43

Equivalents 

per million

0.50 

.36 

66.39 

17.70 

*90 

48.65

Well 2

Parts per 

million

26 

.04 

2.9 

1.2 

311 

598 

199 

36 

1.7 

.1 

912 

78 

8.6

Equivalents 

per million

1.45 

.10 

13.52 

9.82 

4.14 

1.02 

.09 

.00

Drillers' logs 

Welll

Thickness 

(feet)

15

120

505

410

Depth 

(feet)

15

135

640

1,050

Blue shale 

Finesand... --

Blue shale.. - .

Thickness 

(feet)

335

5

432

20

Depth 

(feet)

1,385

1,390

1,822

1,844

Chalk- - -

Shale 

Shale -. Sand -

Shale 

Sand 

Shale (cored 2, 100 to 2, 110 feet)-

Sand (cored 2,219 to 2,235feet) -

25

730

48

140

428

163

6

oiq

27

11

5

18

8

12

7

19

10

204

2

6

47

16

25

755

803

943

1,371

1,534

1,540

1,853

1,880

1,885

1,896

1,901

1,922

1,940

1,948

1,960

1,967

1,986

1,996

2 9ftn

g 240

2,242

2,246

2,295

2,311

Shale 

Sandy shale..- _ 

Bed and blue shale. 

Hardlime--- - --

Bed and blue shale. .. 

Lime.. __ -_. ... -

Shale and lime - .... . 

Lime _____ .. .... . ..

Shale and lime . 

Lime and shale.. ------ 

Shale (cored 3,044 to 3,058 feet) -

Bed bed---- .. , 

Bed bed and layers of hard

lime ____ .- 

Shale and lime. 

Sand (cored) 

Hard shale, thin layers sand--

Sandy shale and sand _. 

11

22

64

12

34

8

147

40

203

34

153

57

118

12

21

8

16

17

17

20

4

11

2

2,322

2, 344-,

2,408

2,420

2,454

2,462

2,509

2,549

2,852

2,886

3,039

3,096

3,214

3,226

3,-247

3,255

3,271

3,288

3,305

3,325

3,329

8,340

3,342

.
PUBLIC WATEE SUPPLIES 249

BUSK COUNTY 

HENDERSON

Population in 1940: 6,437.

Source of information: J. L. Horner, water superintendent, Nov. 3, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells (Nos. 4 and 6).

"Well 4. Drilled in 1936 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 583 feet; diameter, 

12 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 40-horsepower electric motor; static 

water level, 148 feet below land surface in November 1940; yield, 375 gallons 

a minute with pumping level at 235 feet on Feb. 1, 1943, and 340 gallons a 

minute with pumping level at 270 feet on Aug; 30, 1943; yield and pumping 

level measured after 6 hours of pumping. * Well 6. Drilled in 1942 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 609 feet; diameter 

16 to 10% inches; screen from 487 to 592 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

40-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 300 feet: yield, 274 gallons a 

minute with pumping level at 263 feet on Feb. 1, 1943, and 230 gallons a 

minute with pumping level at 289 feet on Aug. 30, 1943; yield a.nd pumping 

level measured after 6 hours of pumping; temperatqre, 70° F.

Average pumpage, in gallons o day 1

1942

347, 500

330,000

336, 700

QQE nftft

1943

317,000

315,000

307,500

323,000

July...........

1942

358,000

401,000

470, 000

436 000

1943

368,000

446,600

473,000

594,500

September. ...

1942

350,000

337,000

295,000

292,000

1943

446,500

363,500

i Maximum daily pumpage, 776,000 gallons.

Storage: Three concrete ground reservoirs, 150,000 gallons each; two elevated 

tanks, 50,000 and 250,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 1,400, 

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analyses

(Collected: Well 4, June 19, 1936; well 6, August 1942. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr and W. W. Hastings

Calcium (Ca) _ T __________________

Magnesium (Mg) ___ .. ____ ... .

Bicarbonate (HOOs) __________ . _ ...

Sulfate (SO4) .- .-...- __ ................

Chloride (Cl). ........................... . . .

Fluoride(F)_-..-.._.. -...___.._._______.____.__.__

Nitrate (NOs). .. .. . .

Total dissolved solids.. ______________ .

Total hardness as CaCOs ____ , _______ . .

Well 4

Parts per 

million

3 

2 

63 

171 

(i) 

10

162 

17

Equivalents 

per million

0.15 

.16 

2.74 

2.80

.28

Well 6 .

Parts per 

million

~ 5 

2 

88 

201 

6 

7 

.4 

.4 

230 

21

Equivalents 

per million

0.25 

.16 

3.83 

3.29 

.12 

.20 

.04 

,01

i Less than 10 parts per million.
250 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs 

Well 4

Clay.........................

Yellow sand _________

Shale and lignite .............

Fine-grained sand ............

Sandy shale and lignite. ......

Fine-grained sand ______

Sand .........................

Thickness 

(feet)

10

10

80

45

15

92

16

27

20

Depth 

(feet)

10

20

100

145

160

252

268

295

315

Rock ..- 

Sand ___ . ...... .........

Thickness 

(feet)

1

49

35

12

15

52

3

78

23

Depth 

(feet)

316

365

400

412

427

479

482

560

583

Well 6

Soil..... ..................

Blue sand and shale _____

Fine-grained sand. ...........

Soft rock __ . ................

3

30

61

17

15

65

10

1

3

33

94

111

126

1Q1

201

202

Shate.............. ...........

Papl fignit.fi

4

188

30

22

23

130

7

3

206

394

424

446

469

599

606

609

OVERTON

Population in 1940: 2,313.

Source of information: Joe Singleton, city secretary, Oct. 7, 1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells (Nos. 1 and 3).

Well 1. Drilled in 1931 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 889 feet; diameter, 

10 inches; screens from 247 to 268, 2?3 to 328, 484 to 505, and 841 to 863 

feet; deep-well turbine pump and 25-horsepower electric motor; static water 

level, 143 feet below land surface in November 1940; reported yield, 175 

gallons a minute.

Well 3. Drilled in 1941 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 338 feet; diameter, 

10% inches; screens from 246 to 288 and 309 to 330 feet; deep-well turbine 

pump and 30-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 230 feet; static water 

level reported, 158 feet below land surface when drilled; yield, 300 gallons 

a minute with draw-down of 36 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 200,000 gallons a day.

Treatment: Aeration, coagulation, sedimentation, and chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected: Well 1, Mar. 18,1936; Well 3, Oct. 7,1941. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr and J. W. Yett, Jr.J

Magnesium (Mg).. _________________

Sodfnm and potassium (Na+K) ,

Bicarbonate (HCOs) _________________

Sulfate (SO*)...... ___ ...........................

Chloride (Cl)... _ ....... ...__....... _..

Fluoride (F). ....... __ ..... ___ ...............

Nitrate (NO!)......................... __ .... ....

Total hardness as CaCOs.

Welll

Parts per 

million

134 

67 

24

366 

110

Equivalents 

per million

2.20 

1.39 

.68

Well 2

Parts per 

million

11 

3.6 

32 

24 

61 

20 

0

a

140 

42

Equivalents 

per million

O.S4 

.30 

1.40 

.40 

L28 

.66 

0 

0
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 251

Drifters' logs 

Wefll

Sandy clay . 

 Sand... ____ . _______

Shale .. ________

Muddy sand .................

Sandy shale

Oreen sand ______ ......

Shale

White sand _________

Shale . __ . ............

White sand.. ____ . ........

 Sandy shale _________

Thickness

(feet)

10

10

7

52

79

23

20

5

27

7

34

15

Depth

ffaaf\

10

20

27

79

158

181

201

206

233

9-ift

274

289

White sand. __ .............

Rock ... ..... ... ... ...

Shale and lignite. _ ..........

Thickness "twety *

42

154

40

20

5

65

65

3

113

23

70

Depth 

(feet)

331

485

525

545

550

615

680

683

796

819

889

Well 3

Sandy shale

Shale __ . _____ 

Bock. ... _ - __ . .....

Hard green sand

15

12

10

AQ

i

43

1

3

1

6

15 -27

37

106

107

150

151

154

155

163

169

Rock.... __

Rock.... .....................

Shale --_-.---_ . -_-. 

1

9

1

10

4

10

15

85

3

21

10

170

179

180

190

194

204

219

304

307

328

338

TATUM

Population in 1940: 427.

Source of information: W. F. Daniels, city secretary, Nov. 3, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well near elevated tank; drilled in 1938 by Layne-Texas 

Co.; depth, 427 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 10-horsepower electric motor; 

static water level, 43.6 below land surface on Nov. 3, 1943; yield, 200 gallons 

& minute with draw-down of 60 feet.

Pumpage: Average, 12,500 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 63.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Nov. 3,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiOii) ...... ... .....

Calcium (Ca) ....................

Sodium (Na) ... _ ............ ...

Bicarbonate (HOOs) __ ._,..

Parts 

per 

million

12

.01

1.7

.6

336

7.4

650

Equivalents per 

million

O.OS

.05

14.61

.19

10.65

Sulfate (SOi) « 

Chloride (Cl) ________

Fluoride (F) . _ .... . ...

Nitrate (NO»)~ ~

pH __________

Parts 

million

7.2

143

1.0

3.2

882

6

8.3

Equivalents per 

million

a is

4.03

.05

.05
252 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

SABINE COUNTY

TmVI"Pl-Tlffl' JT.

Population in 1940: 739.

Source of information: City secretary, May 8, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 2 blocks east of courthouse; drilled in 1928 by 

W. K. Banker; depth, 631 feet; diameter, 8 to 6 inches; screen from 595 to 631 

feet; deep-well turbine.pump and 7J6-horsepower electric motor; static water 

level, 101.35 feet below measuring point, which is 1.6 feet above land surface, 

on May 8, 1942; measurement, 15 hours after pumping stopped; yield, 40 gallons 

a minute; temperature, 80°F.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 20,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 75,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 80.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, weft 1 

[Collected May 22,1942. Analyzed by B. Irelan]

Silica (SiOa) ... ... ...

Calcium (Ca}._._- ...........

Sodium (Na) __ . ______

" Parts 

per 

million

16

.09

2.0

1.0

] 514

Equivalents per 

million

0.10

.08

22.34

Sulfate (SOi).- ._- 

Chloride (Cl). .. . - 

Parts 

per 

million

1,040

3

191

.5

1,260

Q

Equivalents per 

million

17.06

.Ofr

5.39-

.01

Population in 1940: 267.

Source of information: H. H. Newton, superintendent, May 19, 1942.

Owner: Temple Lumber Co.

Source of supply: Three wells at sawmill.

Well 1. Drilled in 1918 by J. D. Adams; depth, 597 feet; diameter, 8 to 

4^ inches; screen from 552 to 597 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 15- 

horsepower electric motor; reported static water level, 110 feet below land 

surface; yield, 200 gallons a minute.

Well 2 (unused). Drilled in 1927 by J. D. Adams; depth, 479 feet; 

diameter, 6 to 4% inches; screen from 439 to 479 feet; air lift; static water 

level, 86.6 feet below land surface on May/ 19, 1942; yield, 150 gallons 

a minute.

Well 3. Drilled in 1938 by F. R. Balcar; depth, 557 feet; diameter, 8 to 

4% inches; screens from 450 to 492 and 505 to 535 feet; deep-well turbine 

pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; static water level reported, 130 feet 

below land surface; yield, 125 gallons a minute; used to supply water for 

swimming pool and as stand-by well for city.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 240,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Four ground reservoirs, 45,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 253

Analyses 

[Collected May 19,1942. Analyzed: by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Silica (SiOO -- -- ... _ -. .... .....

Iron(Fe)... ____________ . _ .' .............

Calcium (Ca) ......................................

Magnesium (Mg). __________________

Potassium (K) _ . __________________

Bicarbonate (HCOs) _________________

Sulfate (SO4) ,. 

Chloride (Cl)-- _______ .. ___ ....... __ .

Fluoride (F) _______________________

Nitrate (NOg) . ______ ........ ____ ....

Welll

Parts per 

million

56 

.02 

5.4 

1.8

} 248

266 

202 

98 

.1 

LO 

752 

21

Equivalents 

per million

0.27 

.15

10.78

4.20 

4.21 

' 2.76 

.01 

.02

WellS

Parts per 

million

22 

.05 

3.0 

1.0

292

400 

207 

71 

.6 

0 

800 

12

Equivalents 

per millioH

0.15 

.08

12.68

6.57 

4.31 

2 

.03 

0

Driller's log, well

Clay. 

Rock. .....................

Thickness 

(feet)

51

2

97

73

4

2

120

14

Depth 

(feet)

51

53

80

153

157

159

281

295

Shale and gumbo __ ......

Sand .. . 

Rock - 

Sand . . _ ....

Thickness 

(feet)

2

138

11

12

13

1

20

38

20

Depth

(feet)

29T

435

446

458

471

472

492

530

557

SAN AUGTTSTINE COTTNTY

SAN AUGUSTINE ,

Population in 1940: 304.

Source of information: Power plant operator, May-6, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1911 to depth of about 900 feet and later deepened to 

1,200 feet; well did not yield sufficient water and was later shot with dynamite 

at about 600 feet; air lift; static water level, 108.69 feet below measuring 

point on May 6, 1942; yield, 75 gallons a minute; temperature, 75° F.

Well 2. Drilled in 1925 by W. K. Banker; depth, 625 feet; diameter, 6 

inches; screened about 479 to 520 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 20- 

horsepower electric motor; static water level, 102.37 feet below measuring 

point on May 6, 1942; yield, 145 gallons" a minute; temperature, 75° F.

Storage: Ground reservoir and elevated tank; capacity unknown.

Treatment: None.
254 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analyses 

[Collected May 6,1942. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Silica (SiO>) . .--.._.._____.._..._. _ _.._. _. 

Iron (Fe) --.___ _ . _ . ____ ____ ...

Calcium (Ca) ____________________

Magnesium (Mg) __________________

Sodium (Na). ____________________

Potassium (K)_. ___________________

Bicarbonate (HCOj) _________________

Sulfate (SO*).... .............................

Chloride (Cl). .--.-..... -.......:................

Fluoride (F)- ____________________

Nitrate (NOj)......................................

Well!

Parts per 

 million

14 

2.6 

.9 

LI

j 366

956 

6.1 

7.0 

.7 

0 

890 

6

Equivalents 

per million

0.04 

.09

15.91

15.67 

.13 

.20 

.04 

0

Well 2

Parts per 

million

13 

1.0 

.4 

.9

385

980 

20 

10 

1.1 

0 

931 

4

Equivalents 

per million

0.02- 

.07

16.74

16. OT 

.42. 

.28 

.06. 

0

Driller's log, well 2

Artesian water strata, flowed

Brown shale ___ - ...........

Thickness 

(feet)

18

13

4

8

4

30

4

8

22

2

57

12

108

9

Depth 

(feet)

IS

31

35

43

47

77

81

89

111

113

170

182

290

299

Water sand and gravel_ -

Thickness 

(feet)

8

7

34

5

57

7

60

45 

24

3

11

2

4

9

50

Depth 

(feet)

307

314

340>

353

410*

417

477 522" 

546

54» 560>

562

566

575

625

SAN JACINTO COUNTY

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: Owner, Oct. 23,4941.

Ownership: Private.

Source of supply: Spring about one-fourth mile north of courthouse; water i» 

pumped from spring to elevated tank by 3-inch centrifugal pump and gasoline 

engine.

Pumpage (estimated) : Average, 2,500 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 5,000 ±, gallons.

Number of customers: 70.

Treatment: None.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 255

[Collected October 1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica (SlOt) .... 

Bicarbonate (BCO8)_ ........

Parts 

per 

million

12

.16

4. 9

2.0

\ 12

/ L2

6.0

Equivalents per 

million

0.210

.165

.052

,098

Sulfate (SCO - -

Chloride (Cl).~ . ___ - __ -

Fluoride CF) .... __ . 

Nitrate (NOs)- ~ 

Parts 

per 

million

3.0

8.0

.3

5*0

39

22

Equivalents per 

million

0.062

.226

.016

.081

OAKMUKST

Population in 1940: 500.

Source of information: Texas Long Leaf Lumber Co., Oct. 23,1941.

Owner: Texas Long Leaf Lumber C^.

Source of supply: Well drilled about 1911; depth, 250 feet; diameter, 6 inches; 

deep-well cylinder pump and gasoline engine; static water level, 114 feet below 

land surface in 1940; yield, 30 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: Not known.

Storage: Elevated tank, 20,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 30.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected October 1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Silica, (SiOs)--. .^..-......

Iron (Fe)_ ___ . ______

Calcium (Ca). ...............

Magnesium (Mg).. ..........

Sodium (Na).._ . __ .. ___ .

Potassium (K)._. ............

Bicarbonate (HCOs) .........

Parts 

per 

million

61 

.18

55 

,3.6 }. .

268

Equivalents per 

million

a~76 

.30

2.44 

4.39

Sulfate (BOj). ................

Chloride (Cl>. . .. ._ 

Flaoride (F) .................. Nitrate (NOs) -

Total hardness as CaCO» .....

Parts 

per 

million

12 

28 

.4 

0 

366 

152

Equivalents per 

million

0.26- 

.79 

.02T 

0

SHBLBY COUNTY 

CENTER

Population in 1940: 3,010.

Source of information: Eros Carriker, water superintendent, June 15, 1944. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Mill creek, at small division dam 5 miles southwest of Center. 

Pumpage: Maximum, 200,000 gallons; average, 150,000 gallons a day. Capacity of treating plant, 500,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Two elevated tanks, 50,000 and 100,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 700.

Treatment: Coagulation, sedimentation, and ehlorination.
256 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected June 15, 1944. Analyzed by J. H. Kowley]

Silica (SiOs) ....

Iron (Fe). _________ -

Parts 

per 

million

16

1.3

5.0

2.4

5.7

1

O

Equivalents per 

million

O OEA

197

248

046

.361

Sulfate (S04)~ .. . . 

Chloride (Cl) ---------

Nitrate (NOj)- 

PH. ... ... ... ..... ... .....

Parts 

per 

million

6.6

5.0

1.7

.8

75

7.2

Equivalents per 

million

0.137

.141

.089

.013

TENATTA

Population in 1940: 608.

Source of information: Lem Hill, city secretary, Apr. 4, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal. «

Source of supply: Well near elevated tank; drilled in 1941 by Layne-Texas Co., 

depth, 519 feet; diameter, 10% to 6% iuches; screens from 407 to 429 and 456 to 

508 feet, gravel-walled; deep-well turbine pump and 10-horsepower electric motor; 

pump set at 160 feet; static water level, 110 feet below land surface when drilled; 

reported yield, 75 gallons a minute with draw-down of about 16 feet.

Pumpage (reported estimate): Average, 10,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 125.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected 1941. Analyzed by Texas State Department of Health]

Silica (SiOs) 

Sulfate (SOO - - 

Chloride (Cl)..... ....._

Parts 

per 

million

26

.56

10

151

Equivalents per 

million

0 9ft

4.26 PH. . .................. ....

Parts 

per 

million

2.8

971

33

t 8.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.14

Drillers' log, well 1

Lignite ____________

Sand .

Thickness 

(feet)

28

7

16

15

20

94

6

Depth . 

(feet)

28

35

51

66

86

180

186 Shale 

Thickness 

(feet)

11

13

154

37

107

9

Depth 

(feet)

197

210

.364

366

403

510

519
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 257

TIMPSON

Population in 1940: 1,494.

Source of information: H. C. Meador, water superintendent, Apr. 3, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. I block north of railroad station; drilled about 1907; depth, 677 

feet; diameter, 10 inches; reported 67 feet of screen near bottom of well; 

air lift; yield, about 60 gallons a minute after several hours of pumping.

Well 2. 2 blocks east of railroad station; drilled in 1940 by Layne-Texas 

Co.; drilled to 691 feet and plugged back to 421 feet; diameter, 13% to 6% 

inches; screen from 359 to 421 feet, gravel-walled; deep-well turbine pump 

and 20-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 180 feet; static water level 

reported, 113 feet below land surface when drilled; yield, 90 gallons a minute 

with draw-down of 140 feet; temperature, 70° F.

Pumpage: Maximum, 100,000 gallons; minimum, 30,000 gallons; average, 

65,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 75,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 300. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses ,

[Collected July 25,1941. Analyzed by Texas State Department of Health]

Sodium and potassium (Na+K) ______ __

Sulfate (SO4)-~ 

Chloride (Cl)._._- _ 

VlnonAe(F).... .................... .... ...........

Nitrate (NO8) __ .......... ..........

Welll

Parts per 

million

0.06 

6 

2 

176 

397 

38 

28 

.6 

.5 

468 

23

Equivalents 

per million

0.30 

.16 

7.67 

6.51 

.79 

.79 

.03 

.01

Well 2

Parts per 

million

0.1 

5 

2 

279 

634 

2

n

1.4 

2.7

772 

20

Equivalents 

per million

0.25 

.16 

12.13 

10.39 

.04 

2.00 

.07 

.04

Drillers' log, well

Clay.. 

Shale .

Shale 

Rock.. . .

Thickness 

(feet)

11

58

10

4

34

30

29

2

42

34

32

36

2

17

7

1

Depth 

(feet)

11

69

79

83

117

147

176

178

220

254

286

322

324

341

348

349

Sand.. 

Rock

Thickness 

(feet)

25

1

42

25

20

14

32

32

1

26

12

1

18

19

15

59

Depth 

(feet)

374

375

417

442

462

476

508

540

541

567

579

580

598

617

«32

691
258 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

SMITH COUNTY 

ARP

Population in 1940: 1,139.

Source of information: D. H. Mason, water superintendent, July 20, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. 2 blocks west of railroad station; drilled in 1935 by Neil Scroggins; 

depth, 368 feet;'diameter, 10 to 8 inches; deep-well turbine pump and electric 

motor; static water level, 160.9 feet below land surface on July 20, 1943; 

used as stand-by well.

Well 2. 20 feet north of well 1; drilled in 1940 by J. C. Boling; depth, 525 

feet; screen below 380 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 15-horsepower 

.electric motor; pump set at 290 feet; static water level, 234.8 feet below land 

surface 1 hour after shutdown on July 20, 1943; yield, 100 gallons a minute 

with pumping level at 263 feet after 3 hours of pumping.

Tumpage: No record.

.-Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

.Number of customers: 134.

"Treatment: None.

Analysis, well % 

[Collected July 20, 1943. Analyzed by W. W. Bastings]

Silica (SiO2) - ~ 

Bicarbonate (HCOs)- 

Parts 

per 

million

17

.33

2.9

.4

133

3

260

Equivalents per 

million

0.14

.03

5.80

.08

428

Sulfate (SOi) _ - _ - ___

Chloride (Cl)..... -.. ... ....

Fluoride (F). ................

Nitrate (KOt)..... ...........

pH. . - ...-.- 

Parts 

per 

million

67

12

.4

1.0

372

8

8.6

Equivalents per 

million

0.140

.34

.02

.02

Drillers' logs 

Welll

Thickness 

(feet)

30

30

10

30

30

Depth 

(feet)

30

60

70

100

130

Thickness 

(feet)

23

12

27

76

100

Depth 

(feet)

153

165

192

268

368

Well 2

Clay. .............. .^. .-.. 50

3

109

5

33

50

53

162

167

200

Shale __ ..... ________

112

75

25

28

85

312

387

412

440

525
PUBLIC WATEE SUPPLIES 259

LINDAUE

Population in 1940: 820.

Source of information: G. E. Cannon, water superintendent, July 26,1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well at southwest corner of school ground; drilled in 1939 

by Layne-Texas Co., depth, 753 feet; diameter, 10 to 5^ inches; deep-well turbine 

pump and 25-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 350 feet; static water level, 

219 feet below land surface in 1939; yield, 116 gallons a minute with draw-down 

of 97 feet.

Pumpage: Average, 35,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 156.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected July 26,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (8lOi)... ...............

Iron (Fe) ________ ...

Bicarbonate (HCOj) .........

Parts 

million

13

.12

10

2.9

38

4.8

126

Equivalents per 

million

0.499

238

1.673

.123

2.066

Sulfate (SQt) ........... ... ...

Chloride (Cl) ........."........

Nitrate (NOs) - __ ,

pH...._ _._..-_ ...... ...

Parts 

million

14

4.0

.6

2.0

162

37

8.2

Equivalents per 

million

0,291

.113

.032

.032

Dritters' loff, wett 1

Yellow sand and streaks of

shale

Shale and hard layers .........

Rock..................... .... Bard green shale and fineSand.. ....................... Sand and layers of shale ___

Shale. ___ . ................

Lignite __________ j._

Sand

Shale _____________

Sand....... _____ . ......

Hard rock

Shale _____________

Thickness 

(feet)

66

14

1

44

22

45

11

18

76

38

98

43

10

1

18

Depth 

(feet)

66

70

71

116

137

182

193

211

287

326

423

466

476

477

495

Sand. ___________ 

Thickness 

(feet)

10

17

13

8

10

29

27

27

1

28

8

26

20

23

1

20

Depth 

(feet)

505

622

636

543

653

482

609

626

627

655

663

689

709

732

733

753

TROUP

Population in 1940: 1,526.

Source of information: Will S. Fite, city secretary, July 20, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well at old pumping station near west edge of city; drilled in 

1940 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 342 feet; diameter, 8% inches; deep-well 

turbine pump and 20-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 280 feet; static 

water level, 105 feet below land surface in September 1940; yield, 250 gallons 

a minute with draw-down of 88 feet.
260 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 85,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 100,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 275. 

Treatment: Aeration and charcoal filter.

Analysis, wett 1 

[Collected July 20,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj)--- ~- -- -

Iron (Fe) .. _ . __ . ......

Calcium (Ca).... _ j ........

Rodinm (N^)

Potassium (K)._. ............

Parts

per

million

10

1.8

34

15

100

7.0

109

Equivalents per

million

1.70

1.23 -.34

.IS

1.79

Sulfate VBOt). ................

Chloride (Cl)......... .......

Fluoride (F) ..................

Nitrate (flOi)... .............

pH...........................

Parts

per

million

233

28

.4

0

489

146

7.3

Equiva- .

lents per

million

4.85

.79

.02

0

Drillers' log, well 1

Thickness 

(feet)

2

20

2

237

32

Depth 

(feet)

2

22

24

261

293

Shale..... .......... __ ...

Shale .. _. . _

Thickness 

(feet)

1

30

11

Depth

(feet)

301

331

342

TYIiER

Population in 1940: 28,279.

Source of information: J. M. Lloyd, water superintendent, August 1943.

Ownership: Municipal'.

Soured of supply: Impounding reservoir and three wells (Nos. 2, 3, and 4).

Bellwood Lake. On Indian Creek, about 4 miles southwest of courthouse; 

estimated storage, 1,770 acre-feet (about 555,000,000 gallons).

Well 2. At intersection of Robert Street and Glen wood Boulevard; drilled 

in 1J937 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,086 feet; diameter, 16 to 8% inches; 

screjen from! 928 to 1,066 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 60-horsepower 

electric motor; pump set at 430 feet; static water level, 258 feet below land 

surface in July 1937; yield, 350 gallons a minute with draw-down of 118 feet; 

temperature, 77° F.

Well 3. On Robertson Avenue near the south city limits; drilled in 1938 by 

Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,057 feet; diameter, 13% to $% inches; screen from 

785 to 950 feet;, deep-well turbine pump and 100-horsepo.wer electric motor; 

pump set at 420 feet; static water level, 219 feet below land surface in 1938; 

yield, 350 gallons a minute with draw-down of 140 feet.

Well 4. Near intersection of Fifth Street and the International Great 

Northern R. R.; drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,042,feet; diameter > 13% to 6^6 inches; screen from 844 to 1,030 feet; deep?-well turbine 

pump and 100-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 400 f«et; static water 

level, 263 feet below land surface in July 1939; yield, 650 gallons a minute 

with draw-down of 75 feet.
PUBLIC WATEE SUPPLIES 261

Pumpage: Minimum, 1,600,000 gallons; maximum, 4,500,000 gallons; average,. 

2,800,000 gallons a day. (All water obtained from lake in winter; one-third from 

wells in summer.)

Storage: Standpipe, 750,000 gallons; elevated tank, 500,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 7,456.

Treatment: Surface water Aeration, coagulation with alum and lime, sedimentation, rapid sand filter, and chlorination. Well 4 Aeration, coagulation with, 

alum and lime, pressure filter, and chlorination.

Analyses

Dates of collection: Wells 2 and 3, Aug. 3,1943; Well 4, July 27,1943; raw lake water, July 26,1943. Analyzed

by J. H. Rowley]

8mc&(SiOa-).... ....................................

Iron (Fe) ........ __ . _ . ____ ..............

Magnesium (Mg) ___________________ .

Potassium (K). _____ ..........................

Sulfate (SO<)_ ~ -.......__.____.__-..___.

Chloride (Cl)... ...... ......... _ . _ ..............

Nitrate (NO3) __-__..... _._.._.. ..............

pH

Silica (SiO2) ... ................. .................

Iron (Fe)...... _ ... ____ ......... ____ .....

Calcium (Ca). ... .-. __ ................. _ ..

Magnesium (Ng) _____________ ____

Bicarbonate (HCOa) ____________ . ........

Sulfate (SO*).... ...................................

Chloride (Cl).. _ ....... __ .................. ...

Fluoride(F).......................................

Nitrate (NO3)...___. ____._._______._.__ .......

pH.................................................

, Well 2

Parts per 

million

11 

.01 

8.4 

1.7 

29 

4.0 

94 

8.3 

6.0 

.4 

0 

115 

28 

8.1

Equivalents 

per million

0.419 

.140 

1.243 

.102 

1.541 

.173 

.169 

.021 

0

Well 4

Parts per 

million

14 

3.5 

28 

4.5 

53 

6.8 

93 

61 

50 

1.0 

.2 

276 

88 

7.2

Equivalents 

per million

1.398 

.370 

2.318 

.174 

1.524 

1.270 

1.410 

.053 

.003

WellS

Parts per 

million

13 

.06 

10 

2.3 

30 

3.8 

108 

8.5 

4.0 

.4 

0 

125 

34 

8.2

Equivalents 

per million

0.499 

.189 

1.296 

.097 

1.770 

.177 

.113 

.021 

0

Raw lake water

Parts per 

million

8.6 

.04 

5.2 

2.0 

4.5 

2.8 

20 

2 

9.0 

1.0 

.8 

56 

21 

7.0

Equivalents 

per million

0.260 

.164 

.194 

.072 

.328 

.042 

.254 

.053 

 ,013

Drillers' logs

Well 2

Red sandy clay ________

Soft rock.. ......... ..........

Fine-grained gray sand with 

broken soft shale... ____

Soft gray shale ____ .- .....

Coarse-grained white sand

Soft shale ________ . __

Thickness 

(feet)

3 

38 

18 

1 

36

75 

20

79 

11

Depth

(feet)

3

41 

59 

60 

96

171 

191

270

281

Soft shale and layers rock .. 

Soft green and brown shale

Fine-grained gray sand, shale,

Good gray sand and lignite ... 

Soft gray shale and layers of

Soft shale ... _._ 

Thickness 

(feet)

1 

10

20 

13

31 

25

27 

10

Depth 

(feet)

282 

292

312 

325

356 

381

408 

418

754993 4£
262 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Dritters' logs Continued 

Well 2 Continued

Fine-grained silty sand .......

Brown shale _________

Soft shale ______ . ____

Sand...... __ ....... ......

Gray and brown shale with

Shale with breaks of sand __

Sand (finer than that logged

above with a thickness of 

127ft.)-- . 

Broken flne-grained sand and

Rock _ .... __ ... , ..

Fine-grained broken sand and

Fine-grained sand and shale--

Rock......-- ....... ......

Shale with thin layers sand _

Thickness 

(feet)

30

32

9

4

127

10

10

17

34

1

10

1

28 

18

36

1

17

Depth 

(feet)

448

480

483

620

630

640

657

691

692

702

703

731 

749

785

786

803

Shale--.... ..................

Rock __ ... _ ...... .. _ ._

Hard fine-grained gray sandShale ___ __. .....

Medium white sand with thin

Thickness 

(feet)

20

1

22

1

14

35

3

1

10

5

1

6

1

11

17

13

78

1

21

Depth 

(feet)

823

824

846

847

861

896

899

900

910 

915

916

922

923

934

951

964

1,042

1,043

1,064

WellS

lignite....--.. ..- -.

Hard shale and fine-grained

Gray sand and thin layers

lignite.. ....................

4

14

127

34

43

10

38

22

28

60

57

20

38

]7

23

40

12

5

4

18

145

179

222

Vm

270

292

320

370

427

447

485

502

525

56,5

577

582

Soft shale. ..................

Shale _______ . ..........

Soft shale and thin layers of

Fine-grained sand with shale

24

1

22

12

1

8

15

32

8

1

2

1

40

28

43

1

14

 18

20

15

53

to

95

606

607

629

641

642

660

665

697

705

706

708

7flQ

749

777

820

821

835

853

887

950

962

1,057

Well 4

Rock _____________

Rock _ ... . __ . .............

White sand. ...............

Soft shale, lignite, and sand ... 

Coarse-grained white sand,

Coarse-grained white sand _

Rock.. _____ .... .........

Hard brown shale, layers of 

hard rock. .. .......

28

25

1

22

1

5

14

32

82 

25

12

13

1

30

28

53

54

76

77

82

96

128

210 

235

247

260

261

291

Soft shale, layers of sand ...... 

Hard fine-grained sand and

Soft shale _________

Soft brown shale, layers of 

sand and lignite ...........

50

36

11

16

1

11

ftQ

i

43 

60

1

7

24

40

341

377

388

404

405

416

A&A

485

528

578

579

586

610

650
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 263

Drillers' logs Continued 

Well 4 Continued

Hard .rook __________

White sand _______ I _

Soft shale.. __________

Hock.........................

Soft brown shale, sand breaks.

and lignite _______ ..

Hard shale. _ - _______

Hard rock __________

Fine-grained sand and shaleSoft shale.. ... ................

Kock.. _ .... _ . ............

Thickness 

(feet)

16

1

21

6

1

29

23

7

1

13 

14

1

Depth 

(feet)

666

667

688

694

695

724

747

754

755

768 

782

783

lignite- .

Rock 

Fine-grained gray sand and 

lignite _ . _______ .

Thickness 

(feet)

7

1

46

26

5

1

9

1

11

136

Depth

(feet)

7Qft

791

837

863

868

869

^878

R"7Q

890

1,026

TITITS COUNTY 

MOUNT PUEASANT

Population in 1940: 4,528.

Source of information: Bill Lyle, plant operator, Nov. 18, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two impounding reservoirs; old reservoir built in 1901, 

 area 31.4 acres, capacity 120,000,000 gallons; new reservoir built in 1938, area 

140 acres, capacity 500,000,000 gallons.

Pumpage: Maximum, 720,000 gallons; minimum, 200,000 gallons; average, 

400,000 gallons a day. 

Storage: Standpipe, 99,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 1,085.

Treatment: Coagulation, sedimentation, rapid sand filter, and chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected Nov. 18,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj) . - _ 

Bicarbonate (HCOa)- ___ - _ - _ - _ -

Sulfate (SOO 

Cbloride(Cl) M __... 

Fluoride(F) - . 

Nitrate (NOa) - _ - ___ .... __ . ___ -

pH._ . _ ._. ....... 

Raw water

Parts per 

million

1.6 

.67 

11 

6.0 

21 

4.2 

42 

13 

37 

.6 

.8 

129 

52 

6.7

Equivalents 

per million

0.549 

.493 

.899 

.107 

.688 

.271 

1.044 

.032 

.013

Finished water

Parts per 

million

0.9 

.12 

15 

5.9 

20 

4.6 

36 

28 

37 

.2 

.2 

140 

62 

6.7

Equivalents 

per million

0.749 

.485 

.879 

.118 

.590 

.583 

1.-044 

.011 

.003
264 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

TALCO

Population in 1940: 912.

Source of information: J. B. Osborn, mayor, May 21, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 3% miles northwest of Talco in Red River County; 

drilled in 1937 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 408 feet; diameter, 20 to 10% inches; 

screen from 281 to 404 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 60-horsepower electric 

motor; natural flow 23 gallons a minute on May 21, 1942, after pump had been 

off 22 hours; pump yield, 500 gallons a minute with pumping level at 180 feet; 

temperature, 68° F.

Pumpage: Average, 40,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 22,000 gallons; elevated tank, 22,000 

gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected May 21,1942. Analyzed by B. Irelan]

Silica (SiOj) ...__._...

Iron(Fe).-- ___ . __ __ ..

Oalojiim (Ca)

IS). ........................

Parts 

per 

million

15

.05

2.8

1.0

413

544

Equivalents per 

million

0.14

.08

17.95

8.92

Sulfate (,SOt~). ................

Chloride (Cl)-.i . _ 

Fluoride (F)....._ ...... ......

Nitrate (NOs). ....... ........

Parts 

per 

million

2.0

326

.3

.2

1,030

11

Equivalents per 

million

0.04

9.19

.02

.00

Driller's log, wett 1

White sand _______ ..-.

Thickness 

(feet)

10

5

13

1

85

Depth 

(feet)

10

15

9Q

114

Thickness 

(feet)

22

148

2

100

22

Depth 

(feet)

136

284

286

386

408

TRINITY COUNTY

GKOVBTON

Population in 1940: 940.

Source of information: Miss Wulie Evans, city secretary, and W. H. Parker, 

pump operator, June 23, 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal. 

Source of supply: Two wells 116 feet apart near elevated tank in Groveton.

Well 1. Drilled in 1926 by J. H. Kimball; depth, 467 feet; diameter, 16 to 8 

inches; screens from 166 to 171, 207 to 213, 260 to 295, and 420 to 465 feet; 

deep-well turbine pump and electric motor; pump set at 185 feet; yield, 155 

gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1936 by A. E. Faucett; depth, 476 feet; diameter, 13 to 

8 inches; deep-well turbine pump and electric motor; static water level, 125 

feet below measuring point on Aug. 4, 1936; yield, 100 gallons a minute.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 265

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 20,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 35,000 gallons; elevated tank, 30,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 325.

Treatment: Chlorination.

Analysis of composite sample, wells 1 and 2 

[Collected June 23,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiOj). .. ..

Iron (Fe) _ ... ... ..

 Calcium (Ca)... .............

 Sodium (Na)_ ... __ . _ .

Parts 

per 

million

44

.18

6.8

1.0

282

10

339

Equivalents per 

million

0.34

.08

12.28

.26

K KR

Sulfate (SOi) _ ~~ ____ -

Chloride (Cl).... ______ .

Fluoride (F)_ _ .._..

pH.. -- . ----

Parts 

per 

million

216

102

.4

.3

845

21

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

4.50

2.88

.02

.00

Drillers' logs 

Welll

Shale and lignite .............

 Sandstone __________

Thickness 

(feet)

30

4

13

4

12

5

12

6

25

17

6

6

31

13

2

5

5

Depth 

(feet)

so

34

47

51

63

68

80

86

111

112

129

1OK

141

172

185

187

192

197

Sand __ ________

Thickness 

(feet)

3

3

13

4

x 35

40

8

4

14

30

11

28

1

13

15

1

47

Depth 

(feet)

200

203

216

23)

255

295

303

307

321

351

362

390

391

404

419

420

467

Well 2

 Shale . ..................

5and _____ . ________ .

Sand

Shale. ___ . ____.___ 

Lignite and shale . ..

Rock __ . .._______ _.

Tiard shale __________

17

3

42

19

25

29

6

9

5

9

10

16

50

1

7

17

20

62

81

106

135

141

150

155

164

174

190

240

241

248

Sand

S

38

11

3

22

19

10

28

2

1

26

2.

5

52

257

295

306

309

331

350

360

388

390

391

417

419

424

476
266 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

TRINITY

Population in 1940: 2,217.

Source of information: J. A. Henner, city manager, June 1943. 

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells about 3 miles south and \% miles west of Trinity ~

Well 1. Drilled in 1925 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 445 feet; diameter, 1O

inches; screens from 215 to 236, 258 to 298, 320 to 340, and 404 to 422 feet;

well flowed 10 gallons a minute when drilled; air lift; yield, 177 gallons a

minute with pumping level at 40 feet.

Well 2. Drilled in 1941 by A. E. Faucett; depth, 452 feet; diameter, 13 to 

6 inches; air lift; screens from 225 to 248, 259 to 274, 286 to 295, 314 to 352, 

366 to 379, and 409 to 431 feet; static water level reported, 60 feet below 

land surface; yield, 500 gallons a minute when pumped with three air compressors; present yield, 300 gallons a minute. 

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 150,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground storage at wells, 100,000 gallons; two elevated tanks in^ 

Trinity, 50,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 375. 

Treatment: None.

Analyses

[Collected June 1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Sffica (S1O2).._. __...._...._...._................

Calcium (Ca). ____ . _____________

Magnesium (Mg) ___ . ________ . __ _. .

Sodium (NajL ____________________

Potassium (K).-. ___ . ______________

Bicarbonate (HCOs) _ ... _ . .....................

Sulfate (SO4) . - .- . 

Chloride (Cl) _ .................................

Fluoride(F)-.. -,-. --.- -.-..--_-.._

Nitrate (NO9)____ __ . _ ..... ___ ....... ....

pH.................................................

Welll

Parts per 

million

54 

.02 

12 

.5 

250 

12 

324 

2 

228 

1.6 

.5 

739 

32 

7.7

Equivalents 

per million

0.60 

.04 

10.89 

.31 

5.31 

.04 

6.43 

.05 

.01

Well 2

Parts per 

million

48 

.04 

12 

v .8 

262 

12 

334 

2 

242 

.2 

2.2 

758 

34 

7.7

Equivalents 

per million

0.60- 

.07 

11.41 

.31 

5.4T 

.04 6.8S: 

.01 

.04

Drillers' logs 

Welll

Soil ..-._._. .__.__.._.__

Clay.........................

Lignite... ............ ___ .

Lignite.......................

Thickness 

(feet)

2

12

10

2

6

9

17

5

135

6

25

12

15

Depth 

(feet)

2

14

24

26

31

40

45

67

208

233

245

260

Gumbo - - _ - __ _ - -

Sand. 

Thickness 

(feet)

33

8

37

10

18

8

10

4

11

3

20

4

10

3

Depth 

(feet)

299>

307

344

354 3721

380*

390"

394

40&-

408

428 432"

442"

445°
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 267

Drilllers' logs Continued

Well 2

Surface day and sand __ ,._

Sand- _____________

Sand and gravel _______

Lignite 

Sandy shale. ________

Rock. _____ _____

Sand and shale _______

Sand... . . _ ..

Hard shale.

Sand, shale, and lignite ___

Shale and lignite. ............

Sand _ . _______ .... _ .

Thickness 

(feet)

IS

16

8

11

3

4

15

13

30

2

6

6

4

37

23

19

10

27

3

5

15

Depth 

(feet)

18

34

42

53

56

60

75

88

120

126

132

136

173

196

215

225

252

255

260

275

1 Lignite and hard shale ........

Thickness 

(feet)

4

4

3

11

20

33

6

1011

6

8

7

8

4

3

15

2

4

12

4

Depth 

(feet)

27fr

283

286 297"

317 350-

356

366

379

385

393 400-

408

412

415

43fr

432

436

448

45fr

TYLEB COUNTY 

DOUCBTTB

Population in 1940: 250.

Source of information: Postmaster, Oct. 23, 1941.

Source of supply: Well drilled by Paul Atchinson; depth, 334 feet; diameter, 

6 inches; deep-well cylinder pump and IJ^-horsepower electric motor; static water 

level, 143 feet below land surface in October 1941; yield, 10 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 2,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 10,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 30.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Oct. 23,1841. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings.]

Silica (SiOs) 

Iron (Fe).. _____ . ___ Calcium (Oa)_... . . .... , ,

Sodium (Na) 

Parts 

million

31

.12

29

2.3 1 "

110

Equivalents per 

million

1.448

.189

.652

1.803

Sulfate (SO*) 

Chloride (01).... ......

Fluoride (F)...... ..... .

Nitrate (NOs) 

Parts 

per 

million

8.0

21

.4

0

183

96

Equivalents per 

million

0.167

.592-

.021

0

WOODVUJLJB

Population in 1940: 1,521.

Source of information: City secretary, Oct. 23, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1934 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 402 feet;^ 

diameter, 8 to 4K inches; screen from 359 to 402 feet; deep-well turbine pump andelectric motor; static water level, 90 feet below land surface Apr. 9,1941; reported 

yield, 140 gallons a minute with draw-down of 11.5 feet.
.268 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 42,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 225.

Treatment: Aeration and sedimentation.

Analysis^ well 1 

[Collected Apr. 9,1941. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr]

Silica (SiO2).. ................

Iron (Fe)-_--.._ . __ . __

Calcium (Ca).... . __ .....

Sodium (Na). _ . __

Potassium (K)__ _ _____

Bicarbonate (HC Os) - . . . .

Parts 

per 

million

46

.11

36

2.3 | 

112

Equivalents per 

million

1.797

.189

.672

1.836

Sulfate (SO4)-- 

Chloride (Cl).. .. .

Fluoride (F)..._. . -..-. 

pH 

Parts 

per 

million

7

24

0

0

197

99

6.5

Equivalents per 

million

0.146

.677

0

0

Drillers' log, well 1

Soil... .............. ... .

Clay................ -....

Coarse-grained sand. .........

Clay....... ...............

Sand with streaks of clay .....

Clay.......................

 Sand and limestone _____

Clay....... ...............

Thickness 

(feet)

2

17

36

16

35

34

53

10

Depth 

(feet)

2

19

55

71

' 106

140

193

203

Clay.-. .. 

Thickness 

(feet)

71

28

10

27

20

43

2

Depth 

(feet)

274

302

312

339

359

484

UPSHUB COUNTY

BIG SANDY

Population in 1940: 609.

Source of information: John W. Prothro, water superintendent, Nov. 25, 1941.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well in western part of town; drilled in 1935 by the Austin 

Bridge Co.; depth, 409 feet; diameter, 8 to 6% inches; slotted casing from 284 to 

409 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 5-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 

100 feet; static water level reported, 60 feet below land surface in 1935; yield, 90 

gallons a minute with draw-down of 30 feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 25,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete reservoir, 50,000 gallons; elevated tank, 50,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Nov. 25,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

Calcium (Ca)...... ..........

"Magnesium (Mfr)

Sodium (Na)_ _ ... ..........

Potassium (K) ..... _ ......

Bicarbonate (HCOs). ........

Parts 

per 

million

24

3.9

I 4=

/ *

134

Equivalents per 

million

1.198

.321

2.087

2.196

Sulfate (SO4) .. 

Chloride (Cl)....-.. ..... .

Fluoride (F) .. .... ......

Total hardness as CaCOj. ....

Parts 

per 

million

7.0

6.0

0

133

22

Equivalents per 

million

0.146

.169

0
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 

Drillers' log, well 1

269

Sand. _____________

Thickness 

(feet)

28

48

208

2

Depth 

(feet)

28

76

284

286

Thickness 

(feet)

- 10

112

1

Depth

(feet)

29S

408

409

GULMER.

Population in 1940: 3,138.

Source of information: Ed Gooch, water superintendent, Nov. 25, 1941.

Owner: East Texas Public Service Co.

Source of supply: Three wells (Nos. 1, 3, and 4).

Well 1. Between Harrison and Tyler Streets east t>f Cotton Belt R. R.; 

drilled in 1925 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 450 feet; diameter, 10 to 8 inches; 

screen from 380 to 446 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 10-horsepower 

electric motor; pump set at 150 feet; static water level, 104 feet below land 

surface on Jan. 30, 1937; yield, 130 gallons a minute with draw-down of 

34 feet.

Well 2. Abandoned.

Well 3. At south end of city park; drilled in 1937 by Layne-Texas Co.; 

depth, 554 feet; diameter, 10 inches; screen from 328 to 433 feet; deep-well 

turbine pump and 40-horsepower electric motor; pump set at 280 feet; 

static water level, 96 feet below land surface on Apr. 18, 1937; yield, 480 

gallons a minute with draw-down of 93 feet; temperature, 68}£0 F.

Well 4. Between Cross and Taylor Streets, west of Cotton Belt R. R.; 

drilled in 1940 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 517 feet; diameter, 10 inches; 

screen from 304 to 497 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 40-horsepower 

electric motor; pump set at 280 feet; reported static water level, 110 feet 

below land surface; yield, 500 gallons a minute with draw-down of 134 feet.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

February .....

April.. __ ....

1942

242,000

208,000

215, 000

216,000

1943

275,000

273,000

263,000

306,000

July...........

1942

288,000

257 000-

345^000

1943

304,000

351,000

452,000

382,000

1942

301,000

288,000

257,000

258,000

1943

339,000

Storage: Concrete reservoir, 100,000 gallons;-elevated tank, 75,000 gallons. 

Number of customers: 742. 

Treatment: None.

Analysis, wett 8 

[Collected Nov. 18.1943. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings.]

Silica (SiOj)..................

Iron (Fe}-_-. ................

Calcium (Ca) ..............

Magnesium (Mg) ______

Sndimn (Nft)

Potassium (K)_. _______

Parts 

per 

million

13

.04

3.0

.7

102

3.4

213

Equivalents per 

million

0.150

.058

4.435

.087

q 4.01

Sulfate (SOOChloride (Cl) ...__.. . 

Fluoride (F) 

Nitrate (NO3)- 

pH... .....................

Parts 

per 

million

33

18

.2

2.2

281

10

7.2

Eauivalents per 

million

0.687

.508

.011

.035
270 PUBLIC WATEE SUPPLIES IN EASTEEN TEXAS

Drillers1 logs 

Welll

Surface clay and sand. . ___

Sand _____________

Clay.........................

Sand.. _ . ..........

Clay.........................

Water sand... ________

Sand.. ____________

Sand..- _________ . _

Sand _____________

Thickness 

(feet)

20

10

10

20

52

10

25

19

1

13

1

12

6

7

8

Depth 

(feet)

20

30

40

60

112

122

147

166

167

180

181

193

199

206

214

Lignite. .

Thickness 

(feet)

24

1

16

17

2

7

57

3

13

31

64

5

36

1

Depth

(feet)

238

239

255

272

274

281

338

341

354

385

449

464

490

491

Well 2

<31ay. __ . ________ . ....

Sand.. _________ . ......

Sand.. ...... __

Hard sand __________

8

7

10

37

41

81

61

15

25

62

103

184

245

Sandy shale and boulders.. ...

1

47

15

42

132

4

24t

29,

30!

35( 48:

48<

WeU 3

Black shale __________

Black shale ... . ..........

Bock- ......... .........

Ttock - _ ... . ______ .

5

10

36

45

42

1

14

2

63

1

5

15

51

96

138

139

Ifi3

155

218

219

Fine-grained sand boulders...

11

20

1

2

10

13

44

134

100

230

250

251

253

263

276

320

454

554

WeU 4

 Clay.. .......................

 Rock. ... ._

:Sand_ . _ - __ - ____ .

Sand ..-.. -.-. -.

Shale .- .-

Book. ............... _ ...

;Sand_. __ .... __ . __ ....

14

3

10

21

21

1

27

1

17

12

38

1

13

2

6

8

14

17

27

48

 69

70

97

98

115

127

165

166

179

181

187

195

Sand. . - 

3

10

83

7

29

8

29

7

30

14

28

12

9

5

25

23

198

208

291

298

327

335

364

371

401

415

443

465

464

469

494

517
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 271

VAN ZANDT COTTNTY 

CANTON

Population in 1040: 715.

Source of information: Z. W. Moore, mayor, and A. M. Graham, water superintendent, Sept. 10, ,1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir half a mile west of town; developed 

about 1923; drainage area, 100 acres; area under water, 35 acres; maximum 

depth, 25 feet. (City attempted to obtain ground-water supply in 1923 but 

was unsuccessful,)

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 75,000 gallons; average, 50,000 gallons a 

day.

Storage: Three concrete reservoirs, 25,000 gallons each; elevated tank, 75,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 280.

Treatment: Coagulation, sedimentation, and chlorination.

 Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Sept. 10,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

Silica (SiOj)... ...............

Iron (Fe) _ . .................

Bicarbonate (HOOj) .........

Parts 

per 

million

2.5

.02

5.0

2.0

4.0

2.6

28

Equivalents per 

million

 0.250

164

.172

067

.459

Sulfate (SO*)- . 

Chloride (Cl).-....._.---...-.

Fluoride (F).. ____ .... ....

Nitrate (NOs) ----

pH . . __ ..

Parts 

per 

million

3

4.0

.2

.5

42

21

6.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.062

.113

.011

.008

HDGEWOCXD

Population in 1940: 738.

Source of information: 'B. B. Brandon, mayor, Sept. 10, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir 1 mile south of town; built in 1923; 

 area under water, 20 acres; capacity, 23,000,000 gallons.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 75,000 gallons; average, 35,000 gallons. 

a day.

Storage: Three concrete reservoirs, 25,000 gallons each; elevated tank, 50,000 

.gallons.

Treatment: Coagulation with alum and lime, sedimentation, and chlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Sept. 10,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiO»)-~- ~

Iron (Fe). __ . ...............

Bicarbonate (HCOa) ...... 

Parts 

per 

million

9.3

.05

17

7.1

24

A Q

53

Equivalents per 

million

0.849

.584

1.053

RRQ

Sulfete (SO4)... .... ... ....

Chloride (Cl)........... -.._.

Fluoride . ___ .........

Nitrate (NOj) _ . ___ . .....

pH............. ......... .....

Parts 

per 

million

31

37

.6

1.2

159

72

7.6

Equivalents per 

million

0.645

L044

.032

.019
272 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS 

GRAND SALINE

Population in 1940: 1,641.

Source of information: R. L. Simmons, water superintendent, Sept. 10, 1943.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir northwest of town; built in 1924; 

 drainage area, 2 square miles; area under water, 55 acres; capacity, 399 acre-feet.

Pumpage (estimated): Maximum, 200,000 gallons; minimum, 80,000 gallons; 

.average, 125,000 gallons a day.

'Storage: Elevated tank, 104,000 gallons.

Noamber of customers: 600.

Treatment: Coagulation with alum and lime, sedimentation, and chlorination.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Sept. 10,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Sfflea (Si02)._ . ............

Iron (Fe). __________

Parts 

million

7.5

.02

13

6.7

12

3.2

43

Equivalents per 

million

0.649

.551

.537

.082

.705

Sulfate (80^. ................

Chloride (Cl).................

Nitrate (NO3)..... _ ... .....

pH

Parts 

per 

million

17

26

.2

1.0

120

60

7.2

Equivalents per 

million

0.354

.733-

.011

.016-

WHJU3 POINT

Population in 1940: 1,976.

Source of information: H. G. Turner, water superintendent, Sept. 10, 1943;.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Impounding reservoir north of town; built about 1915;, 

area under water, 50 acres.

Pumpage: No record.

Storage: Four concrete reservoirs, 450,000 gallons; elevated tank, 56,000* 

gallons.

Number of customers: 620.

Treatment: Coagulation with alum and lime, sedimentation, and chlorination*.

Analysis of raw water 

[Collected Sept. 10,1943. Analyzed by J. H. Eowley]

Silica (SiOs) - . 

Calcium (Ca).-. . .... . 

Magnesium (Mg) ..... .........

Rodinm (Na). _..... ___ ..... Potassium (K). .... .........

Bicarbonate (HCO3) .........

Parts 

per

minion

6.1

.08

10

4.6

5.9

3.2

60

Equivalents per 

million

0.499

.378

.256

.082

.983

Sulfate (SO<)-._______.....___

Chloride (Cl).................

Nitrate (NOj)..... ...........

pH

Parts 

per 

million

7.1

1.0

.4

2.2

75

44

7.8

Equivalents per 

million

0.148=

.02S

.021

.035-
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 27S

WALKER, COUNTY 

HDNTSVtLIJB

Population in 1940: 5,108.

Source of information: R. H. Perry, acting water superintendent, Oct. 22, 

Ownership: Municipal. 

.Source of supply: Two wells.

WeU 1. Drilled in 1936 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 680 feet; diaiaeter,

14 inches; deep-well turbine pump; static water level, 200 feet below land

surface on Nov. 3, 1937; yield, 480 gallons a minute with draw-down of

82 feet.

Well 2. Drilled in 1940 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 739 feet; diameter,

16 inches; deep-well turbine pump; static water level, 178 feet below land

 surface on June 24, 1940; yield, 725 gallons a minute.

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

April 

1939

311,000

362,000

310, 000

326, 000

324,000

415,000

1940

302,000

*?4Q ftftft

309, 000

347, 000

319, 000

1941

307, 000

270, 000

308,000

333,000

347, 000

July. 

1939

380,000

410,000

475,000

358,000

371,000

312,000

1940

353, 000

378, 000

371,000

328,000

379, 000

312,000

1941

337,000

QfM ftAA

375,000

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 135,000 gallons; two elevated tanks, 85,000 

.and 400,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 1,000.

Treatment: Softening through zeolite filter.

Analyses 

[Collected Oct. 22,1941. Analyzed by W. W. Hastings]

»

Silica (8102) 

Sulfate (804)-. 

Chloride (Cl).. 

Fluoride(F). .. _ . 

Niteate(NOn) -. .

Welll

Parts per 

million

57 

.09 

96 

3.0

}. 5,

317 

14 

63 

.3

.5 

476 

253

Equivalents 

per million

4.79 

.25

2.26

5.20 

.29 

1.78 

.02 

.01

Well 2

Parts par 

million

52 

.07 

90 

2.7

51

287 

20 

60 

.1 

.2 

440 

231

Equivalents 

per million

4.49 

.22

2.22

4.70 

.42 

1.69 

.01 

.00
274 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs 

Welll

White sandy clay ______

Clay ___ . ___ . _ ... ...

Sand. _______ . .........

Sand.. _______ ... .......

Shale ......................

Bock. ........................ Yellow and blue shale .....

Shale. ____ .. .... .......

Thickness 

(feet)

2

8

23

22

3

3

26

71

7

60

1

44

38

7

Depth 

(feet)

10

33

56

58

61

87

158

165

225

226

270

308

315

Shale 

Sand and shale - .

Sand .. ..... ............

Shale __- .............

Shale. ........................

Thickness 

rteet)

16

26

40

49

40

24

42

63

36

4

6

72

18

23

Depth 

(feet)

331

357

397

446

486

510

552

615

651

655

661

733

751

774

Well 2

clay sand ...............

Sand"

Do. 

Sand.. _______ - __ .

Shale _ . _ ..

Shale.... ............ ......

15

16

25

27

7

12

24

16

41

18

18

23

5

10

13

5

5

8

10

24

14

25

32

11

24

17

15

14

5

13

37

15

31

56

83

90

102

126

142

ICO

201

219

242

247

257

270

275

280

288

90S

322

336

361

393

404

428

445

460

474

479

492

529

Sand ___ .... 

Shale. ____ . _ . ...........

Shale 

Shale..- __ ...... _ . _ ....

Hard shale. _________

Shale 

Rock.... ____ . ...........

38

29

5

38

9

20

37

7

5

14

7

10

8

31

15

20

22

11

51

11

12

5

9

6

12

18

1

12

24

8

567

596

601

639;

648

668

705

712

717

731

738.

748

756

787

802

822

844

855

906

917

92&

934

943

949

961

979

980

992

1,016

1,024

WALLER COUNTY

HEMPSXEAJ}

Population in 1940: 1,674.

Source of information: J. C. Calhoun, water superintendent, Apr. 5, 1944.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1930 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 868 feet; deep-well 

turbine pump; used as stand-by well only.

Well 2. About 80 feet southwest of well 1; drilled in 1939 by Layne-Texas 

Co.; depth, 745 feet; diameter, 10 to 5J4 inches; gravel-walled; screens from 

487 to 515 and 669 to 709 feet; deep-well turbine pump; static water level, 

56.9 feet below measuring point on Feb. 14, 1939; reported yield, 200 gallons a minute with draw-down of 48 feet after 12 hours of pumping; temperature, 80° F.
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 275

Pumpage (estimated): Minimum, 52,000 gallons; maximum, 60,000 gallons; 

average, 55,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Concrete ground reservoir, 100,000 gallons; elevated tank, 100,000 

gallons.

Number of customers: 376.

Treatment: Aeration.

Analysis of finished water, well 2 

[Collected Apr. 5,1944. Analyzed by J. H. Rowley]

SIHcaffiiOj) .... .

Iron (F e) . _________

Calcium (Ca)... _______

Sodium (Na). ________

Parts 

million

19

.06

30

6.1

118

6.6

370

Equivalents per 

million

1.60

Eft

5.15

.17

6.06

Sulfate (SO*) .

Chloride (CD . ... ... .

Fluoride (Fl) . ......

Nitrate (NOs) ___ -

pH 

Parts 

per 

million

6.0

39

.8

.2

408

100

7.2

Equivalents per 

million

0.12

 1.10

.04

.00

Drillers' log, well 1

SoU. ..... . . 

Clay

Sand _____________

Clay.. . 

Clay... . 

Soft rock. _____ . .........

Clay _ . __ . ________

Bock _ , ........ .. .. ...

Clay.. ___ . _ ... .........

Sand

Thickness 

fleet)

2

47

38

9ft

12

8

9

34

1

8

1

31

1

Depth

(feet)

2

4Q

87

107

11Q

127

136

170

171

179

180

211

O1 0

Sand.... . . 

Thickness 

(feet)

60

1

84

19

12

14

26

19

34

33

169

36

149

Depth

(feet)

272

273

357

376

388

402

428

447

481

514

683

719

868

WASHINGTON COUNTY 

BRENTEEAM

Population in 1940: 6,435.

Source of information: City engineer, June 23, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Three wells and a spring.

Well 5. Drilled in 1933 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 1,515 feet; diameter, 

12H to 8 inches; screen from 1,210 to 1,240, 1,295 to 1,320, and 1,440 to 1,500 

feet; deep-well turbine pump and 20-horsepower electric motor; static water 

level, 42 feet in 1933; yield, 508 gallons a minute with draw-down of 243 

feet in 1933; temperature, 91° F; used as stand-by well.

WeD 6. Drilled in 1935 by J. W. Jackson; depth- 200 feet; diameter, 10 

inches; deep-well turbine pump and 5-horsepower electric motor; yield, 240 

gallons a minute; temperature, 71 %° F.

Well 8. Drilled in 1934 by J. W. Jackson; depth, 198 feet; diameter, 10 

inches; deep-well turbine pump and 5-horsepower electric motor; yield, 180 

gallons a minute; temperature, 72%° F.

Spring. In Creek Valley, used as auxiliary supply; yield, estimated at 

375,000 gallons a day.
276 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS 

Average pumpage, in gallons a day

1935

271,000

1936

310,000

1937

321,000

1938

289, 000

1939

326,000

1940

351,000

1941

339,000

Storage: Ground storage reservoir, 625,000 gallons; standpipe, 114,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 1,500.

Treatment: Coagulation, sedimentation, and chlorination.

Analyses 

[Collected Jane 23,1942. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr., and B. Irelan]

Silica (SiO2) . ~ _

Sodium and Potassium

(Na+K)_ 

Bicarbonate (HCOj) _ . __

Sulfate (SO4) -

Chloride (Cl)... _____ 

Fluoride (F)...~- - 

Nitrate (NOs) ------ _ -..

Total hardness as CaCOj __ .

r^TT

Well 5

Parts 

per 

million

59 

.07

33

1.1

113 

358 

13

18 

.3

.0 425 ' 

87

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

1.65 

.09

4.93

5.87 

.27 

.51 

.00 

.02

Well6

Parts 

per 

million

19 

.08

133 

3.5

25 

361 

20 

42 

' .2 

31 

473 

346

7 ?

Equivalents per 

million

6.64 

.29

1.10 

5.92 

.42 

1.18 

.01 

.50

WellS

Parts 

per 

million

24 

.06

128 

3.4

19 

360 

3 

49 

.3 

8.0 

446 

334 

7.3

Equivalents per 

million

6.39

.28

.82 

5.90 

.06 

1.38 

.02 

.13

Spring

Parts 

per 

million

18 

.04

136 

2.7

21 

316 

31 

34 

.1 

69 

519 

350 

7.7

Equivalents per 

million

6.79 

.22

.90 

5.18 

.65 

.96 

.01 

1.11

Drillers' logs 

Well 5

Sand..- .. ____ -. __ ..-

Clay___-.. .. ... ________ 

Sand--. ..., ..._..._

Shale. _____ ... ..........

Sand........ .................

Shale. .......................

Shale.. _______ _____

Thickness 

(feet)

11

10

92

30

11

27

15

40

80

26

17

18

5

105

15

53

12

93

40

30

Depth 

(feet)

11

21

113

143

154

181

196

236

315

341

358

876

381

486

501

554

666

659

699

729

Sand and shale (cored). ___

Sticky shale __ . _______

Sand-. _____ . _______

Sa'nd and shale ________

Shale ___ ..... _ . ..........

Plugged back to 1,515 feet _ .

Thickness, 

(feet)

89

15

63

30

290

10

84

40

«

68

65

15

39

117

66

20

299

115 82

Depth

(feet)

818

833

896

926

1,216

1,226

1,260

1,300

1,306

1,374

1,439

1,454

1,493

1,610

1,676

1,696

1,995

2,110

2,192

Well 6

Limerock _ ... .. .....

15

12

16

15

5

19

15

27

43

58

63

82

16'4-

16

;S7

15

10S

112

12S

18J

20C
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 277

WHABTON COUNTY 

EL CAMPO

Population in 1940: 3,906.

Source of information: Local manager, Central Power & Light Co., April 1940.

Owner: Central Power & Light Co.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1926 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 1,188 feet; 

diameter, 17 to 6 inches; screens from 856 to 878, 990 to 1,011, and 1,051 to 

1,072 feet (deepened in 1936 by Layne-Texas Co., additional screen not 

known); deep-well turbine pump and 20-horsepower electric motor; static 

water level, 43.33 feet below pump base, Apr. 19, 1935; yield, 250 gallons a 

minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1929; depth, 1,098 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 

electric motor; yield, 550 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 260,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground storage reservoir and elevated tank.

Number of customers: 925.

Analyses

[Tap sample collected Apr. 6,1947; well 2, Apr. 13,1940. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr and B. O. Dwyer]

Silica(SiOa) 

Sulfate (S04) . . .... .....................

Chloride (01). .....................................

Nitrate(NOi). ...

Fluorfde.: .- _-_ 

-r\ff

Tap sample

Parts per 

million

16 

.09 

7.8 

2.6 

163 

4.2 

283 

3.3 

108 

0 

.6 

445 

30 

7.8

Equivalents 

per million

0.39 

.21 

2.08 

.11 

4.64 

.07 

3.05 

0 

.03

Well 2

Parts per 

million.

266

7 

74 

0

351 

52

Equivalents 

per million

4.37 

.15 

2.09 

0

Drillers' log, well 1

Clay. ........................

Sand and boulders . . ... ...

Sand and boulders ..-.-. _ .

Thickness 

(feet)

8

22

10

50

30

10

20

30

10

14

16

14

30

66

50

59

21

3

6

132

Depth 

(feet)

8

on

40

on

120

150

180

190

204

234

OfM

qqn

380

439

460

469

601

Shale. .-.

Shale. ....... .....

Thickness 

(feet)

1Q

6

OR

oo

20

10

15

12

27

An

o-i

24

5

10

6

20

12

35

Depth 

(feet)

ana

fiQ7

707

722

734

7^4

70-1

QOf

Bco

001

891

OQ7

Q17

QOQ

964

754993 4£
278 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Drillers' logs, well 1 Continued

Hard sa"<l .

Shale... . ___ ...............

Blue gumbo ...... _ ..,.! ...

Sand and boulders ______

Thickness 

(feet)

20

26

10

25

38

Depth 

(feet)

984

1,010

1,045

1,083

Thickness 

(feet)

25

Oft

99

18

Depth 

(feet)

1 1 1 ft

1,170

| 1QQ

WHAKTON

Population in 1940: 4,386.

Source of information: A. H. Whidden, assistant superintendent, March 1940,

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1926 by McMasters & Pomeroy; depth, 940 feet; 

diameter, 18 to 12 inches; deep-well turbine pump and 40-horsepower electric 

motor; static water level, 25.01 feet below pump base Mar. 11, 1940; yield, 

675 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1931 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 413 feet; diameter, 

16 to 12 inches; screens from 212 to 222, 278 to 299, 311 to 333, and 350 to 393 

feet; deep-well turbine pump and 75-horsepower electric motor; static water 

level, 26.65 feet below pump base June 4, 1934; yield, 800 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 300,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 60,000 gallons; elevated tank, 300,000 gallons.

Treatment: None.

[Collected Mar. 11,1940. Analyzed by E. W. Lohr]

Sulfate(SO4) 

Chloride(Cl).-. -. . -

Nitrate (NOj) .

Welll

Parts per 

million

0.12 

37 

13 

70 

253 

23 

47 

0 

.4 

315 

146

Equivalents 

per million

1.85 

1.07 

3.05 

4.15 

.48 

1.33 

0 

.01

Well 2

Parts per 

million

250 

14 

44

1.2 

300 

201

Equivalents 

per million

4.10 

.29 

1.24

.02

Drillers' log, well

Clay. 

Clay. . 

Thickness 

(feet)

13

91

14

10

80

14

13

7

40

18

Depth 

(feet)

13

104

118

128

208

222

235

242

282

300

-

Clay--... 

Clay.. 

Rock, _ ____ . ... 

ClayThickness 

(feet)

11

11

2

13

18

39

6

8

5

Depth 

(feet)

311

322

324

337

355

394

400

408

41$
PUBLIC'WATER SUPPLIES 279

WOOD COUNTY

ALBA

Population in 1940: 675.

Source of information: W. I. Mathews, mayor, Jan. 31, 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1915; depth, about 500 feet; diameter, 

8 inches; pumped with air; static water level reported, about 85 feet below 

land surface.

Pumpage: Average, 15,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground collecting reservoir and elevated tank.

Number of customers: 150.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Jan. 31,1942. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

(Na+K)

Sulfate (SOO- . 

Parts 

per 

million

11

1.9

9QR

342

5

Equivalents per 

million

0.56

.16

12.87

5.61

.10

Chloride (Cl) .._.._.. .......

Fluoride (F)..... .............

Nitrate (NOs) -

Parts 

per 

million

279

.1

2.0

763

36

Equivalents per 

million

7.87

.01

.03

HAWKINS

Population in 1940: 1,200.

Source of information: Mr. Smith, city secretary, Jan. 26, 1942'.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Well 2^ blocks north-and 2 blocks east of railroad station; 

drilled in 1941 by C. G. Vaught; depth, 400 feet; diameter, 8 inches; deep-well 

turbine pump and gasoline motor; yield,. 250 gallons a minute.

Pumpage: No record. Only a part of Hawkins is supplied by city.

Storage: Elevated tank, about 20,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 35.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1

[Collected Jan. 26,1942. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.l

Magnesium (Mg) .... . . ..

Bicarbonate (HCOs)- ___ ..

Sulfate (SO4)-.~_ ...

Parts 

per 

million

0.8

.7

7.8

18

2

Equivalents per 

million

0.040

.058

.339

.295

.042

Chloride (Cl)... .............

Fluoride (F)... ...............

Nitrate (NO>)........ .....

Parts 

per 

million

3.5

0

0

25

5

Equivalents per 

million

0.099

0

0
280 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Driller's log, well 1

Surface sand _-__--.__ __ White sand (water) _____

Sand

Thickness 

(feet)

50

20

20

50

40

Depth 

(feet)

50

70

90

140

180

Shale..,. _____ .....

Sand

Thickness 

(feet)

94

42

20

64

Depth 

(feet)

274

316

336

400

MINEOLA

Population in 1940: 3,223.

Source of information: Mr. Blandford, manager, Feb. 26, 1942.

Owner: Southwestern Gas & Electric Co.

Source of supply: Two wells at power and ice plant.

Well 1. Drilled in 1924 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 452 feet; diameter, 12 

to 8 inches; screens from 122 to 152, 269 to 289, 308 to 328, 368 to 383, and 

406 to 447 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 20-horsepower electric motor; 

static water level, 58 feet below pump base Apr. 1, 1939; yield, 410 gallons a 

minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1927 by Layne-Texas Co.; dept,h, 455 feet; diameter, 

12 to 8 inches; screens at 296 to 339, 374 to 391, and 423 to 455 feet; deep-well 

turbine pump and 15-horsepower electric motor; yield, 375 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 160,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 255,000 gallons; elevated tank.

Treatment: Aeration and chlorination.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 26, 1942. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Iron (Fe)-_------------------

Sodium and potassium 

(Na + K) .... ....... 

Bicarbonate (HCOs)- --------

Parts 

per 

million

0.3 

5.6 

1.7

44 

110

Equivalents per 

million

0.28 

.14

1.91 

1.80

Sulfate (SO4)-------- --------

Chloride (Cl)_ --__._.. ._

Fluoride (F)__,- _ ___._.__--

Nitrate (NO8 )- - ~ 

Total hardness as CaCOs---..

Parts 

per 

million

12 

10 

.1 

1.0 

129 

21

Equivalents per 

million

0.25 

.28 

.00 

.02

Drillers' logs 

Welll

Red clay

Sand ... _ ..

Clay . . ---

Clay .-- -----

Pack sand - _.---

Sand rock

Clay. ----- _-_ _

Thickness 

(feet)

6

60

10

16

57

7

13

7

48

Depth 

(feet)

6

10

70

80

96

160

161

174

175

182

Water sand

Lignite - - --

GUTTlbo

Lignite ----_ .-._-

G'lTTlho

Water sand

Thickness 

(feet)

45

21

10

26

1]

n

16

15

8

28

30

1

Depth 

(feet)

275

296

306

332

343

354

370

385

393

421

451

452
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES 281

Drillers' logs Continued 

Well 2

Clay.........................

Sand-. -------_-_-.-..________

Clay.........................

Sand. ._.--_._..-_-__

Clay....... ...............

Sand- ..-....- ............

Thickness 

(feet)

44

51

10

Depth 

(feet)

K

CQ

1 CO

178

179

Thickness 

(feet)

56

20

45

39

43

1

15

27

30

Depth 

(feet)

235

255

300

339

382

383

398

425

455

QTJITMAN

Population in 1940: 800.

Source of information: A. G. Wright, Feb. 17, 1942.

Owner: Thomas & Ware Water Co.

Source of supply: Well drilled in 1937 by J. C. Doling; depth, 365 feet; diameter, 

12 to 8 inches; screen from 345 to 365 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 7/^-horsepower electric motor; yield, 160 gallons a minute.

Pumpage (estimated): 84,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Elevated tank, 20,000 gallons.

Number of customers: 140.

Treatment: None.

Analysis, well 1 

[Collected Feb. 17,1942. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Iron (Fe)_._. _.____ ........

Calcium (Oa). .... ____ ..

Magnesium (Mg).._ ___ _.

Sodium and potassium (Na+

Bicarbonate (HCOs).. . ....

Parts 

per 

million

0.05

4.8

2 4

69

122

Equivalents per 

million

0.240

Sulfate (SO4 ) -.

Chloride (Cl).....--- .....

Nitrate (NO3). -----

Parts 

per 

million

52

9.0

0

6.0

22

Equivalents per 

million

1.083

.254

0

.097

wnsnsrsBOKO

Population in 1940: 2,092.

Source of information: W. W. Butler, city secretary, February 1942.

Ownership: Municipal.

Source of supply: Two wells.

Well 1. Drilled in 1926 by Layne-Texas Co.; depth, 155 feet; diameter, 

36 to 8 inches; screen from 140 to 155 feet; deep-well turbine pump and 15- 

horsepower electric motor; yield, 250 gallons a minute.

Well 2. Drilled in 1940 by Texas Water Supply Corp.; depth, 216 feet; 

diameter, 13% inches; screen from 185 to 210 feet; deep-well turbine pump 

and 20-horsepower electric motor; static water level, 90 feet below pump 

base Feb. 14, 1942; yield, 370 gallons a minute; temperature, 64° F.

Pumpage (estimated): Average, 100,000 gallons a day.

Storage: Ground reservoir, 120,000 gallons; elevated tank, 85,000 gallons.

Treatment: Aeration.
282 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN EASTERN TEXAS

Analysis, well 2 

[Collected Feb. 14,1942. Analyzed by J. W. Yett, Jr.]

Iron (Fe)_... _________

Calcium (Ca). ____ .: ....,

Magnesium (Mg)... __ ....

Bicarbonate (HCO3) _ ......

Parts 

per 

million

0.05

8.8

3.6

12

18

Equivalents per 

million

0.439

.296

.522

.295

Sulfate (SO4) ------ ~

Chloride (Cl).............. ...

Fluoride (F) . ___ - _ - _

Nitrate (NO3)- 

Parts 

million

7

10

.1

32

82

37

Equivalents per 

million

0.146

.282

.005

.516

Driller's test log, well

Sand, fine (sampled).. __ ...

Cavity.. _-.._... .......___

Thickness 

(feet)

20

41

83

6

18

6

19

17

6

61

74

21

Depth 

(feet)

20

61

144

168

174

193

216

977

351

372

Sand 

Sand...... ...................

Sand. ______ . ...........

Sand...... _. 

Sand. ........ ............. ...

Thick- 

 ness 

(feet)

45

5

6

26

15

64

3

17

1

26

53

Depth 

(feet)

417

422

428

454

469

533

536

553

554

580

633
INDEX

Abbott ................................ 157

Abstract____.________________ 1-2 

Acknowledgments_______________ 4-5 

Alba......................................... 278

Alto ... _............. 46

Alvin ... ._.___._.._____. 31-32 

Anahuac...__________________ 44 

Anderson.____________________ 120 

Angleton ____........___._____ 32-33

Anna_______ _______________ 48-49 

Annona..._____________________ 242 

Appleby ____._____________ 225-226 

Aqiiilla..______.________.____ 157-158 

Arp.......................................... 258

Athens_.__.__.______.__._ 154-155 

Atlanta_.__.__.________.____ 41-42 

Avinger.._____________________ 42 

Avery__.__._____..________ 242-243

B

Barry .______.______._____ 229 

Bastrop....___________________ 27

Bay City ......................... 207-208

Baytown.__.._._______..____ 126-127 

Beaumont___________________ 179-180 

Bedias-_____....___________..... 121

Bellaire.________.______....__ 127-128

Bells......................................... 109

Bellville ....._........................ 24-25

Bessmay..__________________ 177-178 

Bibliography of reports on public water

supplies- -_____________ 18-19 

Big Sandy....._... .................... 268-269

Blessing..__._______.______... 208-206 

Blooming Grove_________________ 239 

Blossom______________________ 186 

Blue Ridge..__:_____._________ 49 

Bogota...__.........__.........__..... 243

Boles Orphan Home______________ 172 

Bonham______________________ 79 

Brandon.__________._________ 158 

Bremond.__________________ 244-245 

Brenham.___________________ 275-270 

Brookhaven___________________ 128 

Bruceville___________________ 210^-211 

Bryan .............._...._..._..... 35-38

Buffalo -. __ 194-195

Bynum ...._._____._.______ 158-159

C 

Caddo Mills . .......... ......... 172

CaldweU..................................... 38-39

Call .. .. _..__ 234 

Calvert_____________________ 245 

Camden______________________ 239 

Cameron.___________________ 219 

Canton.______________________ 271 

Carrollton..____________,.,____ 56

Page

Carthage... .. ... .. _ 238 

Celeste 172-178

Celina ...__....._____._-_.___ 53

Center. . ........................ 255-250

Centerville___.____________.__ 195 

Channelview__________________ 128-129 

Chemical character of water _________ 13-18 

Chilton ........... . ...... 76

China Spring .....__._...._.....__ 211

Clarksville-. 243-244

Cleveland 197-198

Clinton Park . 129

Coady-Oakland Estates. ______._____ 129 

Coldspring____________________ 254-255 

Collinsville . 109

Columbus.. 55 

Commerce__-... 173-174 

Como_______________________ 167 

Conroe ... 220-221

Coolidge _. . 201

Cooper______________________ 69 

Corrigan._____..____..._._____ 239 

Corsicana.._____.___._.. . 231 

Cove.. .. . 45

Crandall... 182-183

Crawford . 211-212

Crockett. ._..__........ 169-170

Crosby "129-130

Cumby.... 167-168

Cushing ____________________ 226

D 

Daingerfleld .................... 223-224

Daisetta .... . 198-199

Dallas ....... ....... ... ..... 58-60

Dawson _.__.__. _.. 231-232 

Dayton_._______..... ____ 199-200

De Kalb 28-29

Denison______ 110 

Deport________-----___________ 186

Deweyville . . . 234 

Dickinson____________________ 96 

Dime Box...... . ___._._.. 191-192

Dodd City. 80

Doucette.______ . . . 267

Eagle Lake. 

Ector.__..

E 

 56-

... .--.. . 80

Eddy ... . . . 212 

Edgewood..___ . . 271 

Edna_._.____.. . 176 

El Campo 277-27S

Elgin . 27-28

Elkhart- 20

Emhouse-____.....___._____ 232

Ennis_______________________ 70-72

283
284 INDEX

Page 

Eustace--.......----....--._.-....-.....- 155-156

Extent of the area.._-...___..__._.. 2

Fairfleld 93-94

Farmersville ______._______-.... 50-51

Fayettevffle 86

Ferris.. ___-_.__.._____--_.._......... 72

Flatonia ................................. 86-87

Forney..-........................... . . 183

Forreston-..-...-_______.____...__ 72-73 

Foster Place. ... . ----------_.- 130

Fostoria______...._.......______ 222

Franklin..___.__._._.________ 246 

Frankston._...._______...._____... 20-21

Freeport____._________-___...... 34-35

Frisco.-_____________._____--_-- 51 

Frost......................................... 233

Q

Galena Park . _ _ _ ____ 131

Galveston...__________._____. 97-103 

Ganado-___________________.. 177 

Garden Oaks ------__............ 131-132

Garden Villas...-.--..-.-...........---.--. 132-133

Garland--.......---......-..........---.-.-.- 60-62

Garrison_____._..._...._._------ 227

Genoa.___.______...._...__..._ 133

Giddings .-. ----_. -___--_ 192-193

Gflmer........ ..- ...... . .... 269-270

Gladewater._________.._....___ 116-118

Goodrich______________...._.__ 240

Goose Creek_......___.___....___ 134

Grand Prairie.._-------_...._......._ 62-65

Grand Saline . -. 272 

Grapeland .- .-. . 170-171

Greens Bayou_..____._.._______ 134-135 

Greenville____.______...._____ 174-175

Groesbeck - .- 201-202

Ground water in area__._ __........._.. 5-12

Groveton .. . . .. 264-265 

Gunter_____.______.________ 110

H 

Halletsville..__ _ _.............. 188

HallsviUe . .-- . ... 150

Hardness of the water...._- .........__. 17

Hawkins..___ ____..._.____._ 279-280

Hearne-_____._______...._____. 246-247

HemphilL_____________.....__... 252

Hempstead_______....__....__ 274-275

Henderson-.____...__...._......__ 249-250

Hewitt..____________._______. 212-213 

Highlands_____________.._.__... 135 

Highland Farms and Willow Grove Addition. 135 

Hillsboro-- _ _ 159-162

Honey Grove_-...._......_.___.... 81

Honey Island___...__..___..___ 124 

Houston. .-... 136-140

Howe_____.________._______... Ill 

Hubbard........_ -..... ........ 162

Hughes Springs.------._____.__..... 42-43

Humble___....________________ 141

Huntsville...__________...______ 273-274

Page

121-122 

163

lola-. . .........

Irene-...---.....

Irving........ __ . _ . _____________ 6S-6&

Italy... .... .. . .. 73

Itasca. ........... .. .. . . 163-164

Jacksonville....._ _ .___.___. 46-47

Jasper...................................... 178-179

Jefferson-....--.----------------..-..-...-. 206-207

Jewett ..... ------------------------------ 195-196

K 

Karnack... ... . 150-151

Kashmere Gardens......_...._. . _ 142

Kaufman_...... . -...---.-.....-_..... 184

Kemah . - - - 103 

Kemp....... 184

Kerens.---------.---_...._-...._-..._ 233

Kilgore... 118-119

Kirbyville- . . . 179

Kosse-- - 202

Kountze 124-125

Ladonia__----------------------.. --.-. 82

La Grange 87-88

Lamarque.---------------------- ---------- 104

Lancaster---.-......-.--------------... 66

La Porte.-------.---------------------------- 142

League City . 104-105

Leonard--.........-...---...----.-------.-.- 82-83

Leroy---------------- 21S

Lexington.. - . . 194

Liberty 200-201

Lindale - 259

Lindale Park---...---.-. --. . .. 142-143 

Linden 43-44

Livingston.---__- ._._. ....... 240-241

Longview ~- 119-120

Lorena.----.---.---...-- .... . 214

Lott .. ------- 77

Lovelady_........_ 171

Lufkin.. -... . 22-25

M 

Mabank -.. 185

Madisonville. .___ 205

Malakoff.----------------------------------- 156

Malone-.-----.---------__-_______ 164

Martin. _-...__..._______-_- 77 

Marshall 151-153

Mart. 214

McGregor-.--..--------------__ 214-215

McKinney... --- 51-53

Meadowbrook Addition.. 143 

Melissa............ 5S

Mertens.-.-------.-----------__----.-----.. 165

Mesquite ....._.__.__.- ...._... 66-67

Mexia.......-...---- __ ...._ 202-20S

Midlothian 73-74

Midway 205-20&

Milford 74

Mineola ........_ _.__ 280-281

Mineral constituents in solution. ___... 14-17" 

Mont Belvieu ...-_.__.____ . . 45-
INDEX 285

Page 

Montgomery....._____.._._... ._.... 222

Moody_____._________.______..._ 216

Moulton.___.__._________... 189

Mount Calm_...______....__..._. 165

Mount Pleasant 263

Mount Vernon.._______..._.____. 92-93

N 

Nacogdoches....__..._______....... 227-229

Naples... ._ 224-225

Navasota____.__________ _.__.... 122-123

Nederland..................._............ 180-181

New Boston__.________.___.__. 29 

Newton.___.________._....._. 235

New Willard-..............__._._...... 241

Normangee__.____.______._ 196-197

O

Oakhurst____.______.._____..._ 255 

Oakwood___.______________.._ 197 

'Oakwood and Airline___.__.._..._.. 143 

Omaha____________________._ 225 

Orange..................................... 236-237

 Orangefield__._____..._._..___ 237 

Overton...__........................_.._ 250-251

Palacios..___._____......._____ 209-210

Palestine.____...___.....__.__.... 21-22

Palmer.____........_-......-.._...... 74-75

Paris.._................__._........_.._...._. 187

Pasadena._____.________....__ 144-145

Pecan Gap..._....__..__.....___._._ 70

Pelly.------__----...........___......._._..._ 145

Pineland.------........_........,....__.... 252-253

Pittsburgh_____.__..._....._..___ 40-41

Port Arthur__...._______.....____.. 181

Port Neches..__.._____...._____ 181-182

Prairie HU1................................... 204

Princeton__ ___.. ______.___ ___ _ 53-54 

Prosper._____..........__.__..._ 54

Q 

Quality of water, standards of... ___...... 17-18

Quinlan...__.........__.................. 175

'Quitman...___.........._......._._ 281

R 

Red Oak...___....___..._..____ 75

Richardson.. ______ t ___..._......._... 68

Richmond....._.....___.._......__... 90

Rockdale_____._______.______ 219-220 

Rockwall_____________.__.... 247-248

Rosebud.._____..___..__........... 78

Rosenberg___________ ___._.___ 90-91 

Ross_ ..................__...--..____.... 216

RoxtoiL.................................... 187-188

Rusk..-................................___... 47

San Augustine..__.-.____..-._....... 253-254

Savoy---._______.____..-.--......__ 83-84

Scope of the report...___..____..._. 4 

Schulenberg____________....___ 89

Seagoville.--._____._____..___ 68-69 

.Sealy- ----- .. _ 25-26

Page

Sherman-- . - - 111-113

Shiner.. - _----- .-. - 189-190

Shiro.... ... ...... 123

Silsbee------ . -- - - 125-126

Smithville.-----..--_-_--.-.-.---------.------ 28

Somerville.-..---------_---------------.----- 39-40

Sour Lake----------------..--..--.....-----.- 126

South Houston.... _.___..___. . 146

Southside Place--- . . - 146-147 

Speegleville... --. 217

Streetman..______....______.__ 94-95

Sugarland..________________.__ 92 

Sulphur Springs._.---..---.-_._... . 168 

Surface water in the area.. _____... 13

T 

Talco ------__-----------------____ 264

Tatum..- .................... . . . 251

Teague...__-----.--.----.--._ .-. 95

Tehuacana__...---...._.___-...--__. 204 

Tenaha.._--.-._.......___...--.----_ 256

Terrell.. . 185

Texarkana....___.....__...__------_ 30-31

Texas City - . 105-107

Texas City Heights... 108

Thorndale ............. _ ...'. 220

Thornton... ............... ...... . 204-205

Timpson...______________.___- 257 

Tomball- ---- ---- --- - ------ 147

Tom Bean________.________ - __ 114 

Trenton....-----------.------..- --------- 84

Trinidad--.--- . - - 156-157 

Trinity 266-267

Troup - - 256-260

Tyler . _.-.- 260-263

Van Alstyne.___..__ ... . 114 

Voth.......... -- - - 182

W 

Waco...----- - - 217-218

Wallis 26

Waskom-... ___ .............. 154

Waxahachie.-.. ----------- .--_._. 75-76

Weimar......... ....------ .-.. 57

WeUs 48

West. _. .. - 218-219

West Oaks--- . - 148 

West University Place-.------------- 148-149

Wharton. -- - 278

Whitesboro ,- - 114-115

White wright... .____._______... 116 

Whitney... - - . 166 

Wiergate - 235-236

Willis. - - - -- 223 

Wills Point . . 272-273

Windom--- 85

Winnsboro.. -- . 281-282

Wolf City 175-176

Woodville - 267-268

Wortham -- 95-96

Wylie...-----------------------------_-- 54-55

Yoakum _____- 190-191

O