Approved Code No. 145 Registry No. 312-1-10 

NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

FURNITURE MANUFACTURING 

INDUSTRY 

AS APPROVED ON DECEMBER 7, 1933 

BY 

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT 

WE DO OUR PART 

UNIV. Of-· FL UI. 

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A I t • .._._.,..., 

U.5. DEP09'TOIIIV 

2. Letter of Transmittal 

3. Code 

( 

UNITED STATES 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON : 1933 

, 

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington; D.C. - • - - - • • • Price 6 cents 

V 
This publication is for sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Governm nt 

Printing Office, Wa hington, D. ., and by district offices of the Bur au o! 

F oreign and Domestic ommerce. 

DISTRICT OFFICES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Atlanta, Ga. : 504 Post Office Building. 

Birmingham, Ala. : 257 Federal Building. 

Boston, l\J ass. : 1801 Customhouse. Buffalo, N.Y.: Chamber of Commerce Buildinu. 

Charleston, S.C.: Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Chicago, Ill.: Suite 1706, 201 North Wells Street. 

Cleveland, Ohio : Cl1amber of Commerce. Dallas, Tex. : Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Detroit, Mich.: 2213 First National Bank Building. 

Houston, Tex.: Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Indianapolis, Ind.: Chamber of Commerce Building. 

JncksonYille, Fla. : Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Kansas City, l\lo.: 1028 Baltimore Avenue. 

Los Angeles, Calif. : 1163 South Broadway. 

Louisville, K y. : 408 F ederal Building. 

Memphis, Tenn.: 2_9 Federal Building. 

l\Iinneapolis, 1\Iinn. : 213 Federal Building. 'ew Orleans, La.: Room 225-A, Customh use. 

New York, N.Y. : 734 Cu tomhouse. 

Norfolk, , a .: 406 Ea.·t Plume Street. 

Philad lpbia, Pa.: 933 Commercial Trust Building. 

Pittsbm•o-b, P a. : Chamber of ommerce Building. 

P ortl and, Oreg. : 215 New Po t Office Building. 

St. Louis, 1\10. : 506 Olive Street. 

San F r ancisco, alif. : 310 Customhouse. 

Seattle, Wa h.: 809 F ederal Building. 
Approved Code No. 145 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

FURNITURE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY 

AS APPROVED ON DECEMBER 7, 1933 

BY 

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT 

Executive Order 

An application having been duly made, pursuant to and in full 

compliance with the provisions of Title I of the National Industrial 

Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, for my approval of a Code of 

Fair Competition for the Furniture Manufacturing Industry, and 

hearings having been held thereon, and the Administrator having 

rendered his report containing an analysis of the said Code of Fair 

Competition, together with his recommendations and findings with 

respect thereto, and the Administrator having found that the said 

Code of Fair Competition complies in all respects with the pertinent provisions of Title I o:f said Act, and that the requirements of 

Clauses (1) and (2) of subsection (a) of Section 3 of said .A.ct have 

been met: 

NOW1 THEREFORE, I, Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the 

United States, pursuant to the authority vested in me by Title I of 

the National Industrial Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, and 

otherwise, do adopt the findings and approve the report and recommendations of the Administrator and do order that the said Code 

of Fair Competition be, and it is hereby, approved. 

Approval recommended : 

HUGH S. JOHNSON, 

Administrator. 

THE WHITE HousE, 

December 7, 1933. 

25689°-244-145-33 

FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. 

(551) 
The PRE IDE T, 

Nov l\IBER 18, 19 , . 

The lVhite Hoii,Se. 

rn: Thi is a r port n the Code of Fair C mp tition for th Fm.'• 

niture Ianufacturing In lu try in the ni at a revi cl aft r 

a hearing conducted in '\Va hington, D.C., on O tober 9 19 3, in acor lance with the provi ions of the Jational In<lu trial R OY ry 

Act. 

PROVI ION OF THE CODE AS TO HOURS A ,.D WAGES 

The Code provides for an average forty-hour we k and an io-hthour day. Though a maximum work eek of for y-five (45) hours 

i e tabli hed to provide for seasonal production requiremen , all 

hours worked in exces of eight in any one day 1nu t be paid for 

at the r ate of time and one half with certain exceptions. Hourly 

tolerance are provided for emergency repair crews, firemen ngineers, shipping crews, watchmen, truck drivers, designers, traveling 

salesmen, and person engaged in executive or supervi ory capacities, 

who earn 35.00 a week or more. 

A minimum hourly rate of 34 cents is provide 1 for all employee 

except tho e in the southern states where the minimum rate i 30 

cents an hour, and for employees in factories the output of which 

con ists of more than 90% of chairs with double woven cane eat.·, 

who shall be paid at the rate of not less than 30 cents an hour. 

Apprentices for a period not to exceed four months shall be paid 

not les than 80% of the minimum rates, but the total number of 

apprentices is limited to 5% of the total number of factory mploy e. 

in any establishm nt. Factory watchmen, gate watchmen, yard 

men and yard lumber handlers may also be paid at the rate of 

not less than 80 percent of the minimum rate but th total of 

such employees is limited to 5 percent of the total number of fa - tory workers. The minimum rates are establi h d regardt of 

whether the employee i compensated on a tim rate piecework, 

or other basis, and it is provided that no employee hall b paid 

a wage rate which shall yield a less wage for a reek of forty hour 

than employees were receiving for the sa,me clas of work for the 

normal working week of forty-eight hour or more imme liat ly 

preceding June 16 1033. 

Th minimum age rates apply only to emplo ees engag d on 

the sin l daylight. hift o curring between the h nr of 7 .... if. and 

5 P.M. mp]oyee working on a hift any part of whi h rnr. 

aft r - P. 1. or b for 7 A.M. shall be paid at the rate of not 1 .· than one and one half time the rate p, i l mplo e engao- d in the 

daylight hift for the aime clas of work. Thi provis10n do not 

b m ff ctive until thirty days aft r apr roval of this C 1 . 

Employ . hall not b r cla ified f r th purpo e of def ating 

the pr i ion. of the ct or of the od . 'o p r. n und r 16. hall b emplo l an l n I er on under 1 hall 

be em1 lo ed in hazardous o cupation . 

(55-) 
553 

ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF THE CODE 

The Furniture Industry is a highly competitive one and the return upon capital invested has been low even in the most prosperous 

times. In 1928, which probably could be called an average year, 

the profits were 3.42 percent of the sales and 4.07 percent on capital 

invested. Since 1928 there has been a steady decline in the industry, 

and the average operating loss in 1932, based on net sales, was 20 

percent. However, the response of the industry to the President's 

Reemployment Agreement and its presentation of this Code ha.s demonstrated a splendid spirit of cooperation with the purposes of the 

National Industrial Recovery Act. 

Available statistical data indicate that because of the provisions 

of the Code reducing the number of hours that employees may be 

worked, the industry will absorb all of the workers normally employed in factorie,s now in operation, and, in addition, a very large 

proportion of the .furniture workers who have been unemployed as 

a result of the closing of several hundred plants in the past .few 

years. 

In June 1933 more than 58 percent of the employees in northern 

factories and 68 percent of employees in southern factories, more 

than 54,000 workers in all, earned less than the minimum rates 

established by the Code. The increase in wages that these employees will receive in many cases amounts to more than twice the 

wages that they have heretofore been receiving. Adjustment of 

salaries of those receiving more than the prescribed minimum-wage 

rates will increase the salaries of a.pproximately 36,000 workers. 

FINDINGS 

The Administrator finds that : 

(a) The Code as recommended complies in all respects with the 

pertinent provisions of Title I of the Act, including, without limitation, subsection (a) of Section 7 and subsection (b) of Section 10 

thereof, and that 

(b) The applicant group imposes no inequitable restrictions on 

admission to membership therein and is truly representative of the 

Furniture Manufacturing Industry; and that 

( c) The Code as recommended is not designed to promote monopolies or to eliminate or oppress small enterprises and will not operate to discriminate against them, and will tend to effectuate the 

policy of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act. 

It 1s recommended, therefore, that this Code be approved. 

Respectfully, 

HUGH s. JOHNSON' 

Administrator. 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

FURNITURE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY 

ARTICLE I-PURPOSE 

To effectuate the policies of Title I of the N a.tional Industrial 

Recovery Act, the following provisions are submitted as a Code of 

Fair Competition for the Furniture Manufacturing Industry, and 

upon approval by the President, shall be the standard of fair competition for the Industry, and sha.ll be binding. upon every niember 

thereof. 

ARTICLE II-DEFINITIONS 

1. The term "/naJIJJStry ", as used herein means the manufacture 

or production for sale of products, other than mattresses, pillows, and 

box svrings, commonly known as "household furniture", whether 

used 1n the home or elsewhere; wood office chairs, wood office desks, 

and wood office tables, parlor frames, chairs in the white, furniture 

parts made of wood, and other unfinished household furniture; provided, however, that organizations or groups of manufacturers representing kinds or types of furniture or furniture parts not specifically named herein, may become parties to or be exempted from this 

Code upon approval by the Administrator. 

The term " furniture parts made of wood " as used in the first 

paragraph of this article, means wood parts for furniture where the 

process of manufacture has advanced so far that the product can be 

used only in the production of furniture, but not including hardwood 

dimension stock nor plywood, as defined in the Code for the Lumber 

and Timber Products Industry, and for sale as such. 

2. The terms "President", 'Act", and "Ad}ministrator" as used 

herein shall mean respectively the President of the United States, 

the National Industrial Recovery Act, and the Administrator of 

Title I of said Act. 

3. The term " nwnuf acturer ", as used herein, includes anyone engaged in the industry as above defined, either as an employer or on 

his own behalf. 

4. The term "employee", as used herein, includes any person 

engaged in the industry in any capacity receiving compensation for 

his service?, irrespective of the nature or method of payment of such 

com pens a t10n. 

(555) 
556 

5. The term mploye1· ' a u d h r in incln 1 anyone b whom 

any u h em11 yee i mpen at d r mpl y d. 

rm ' fur·niture' a u d h r in mean an pr dnct of the 

RTJ.CLE III-Ho R 

1. .c o employ e in the industry shall be p rmitte 1 to work in xce s 

of an aYerage f forty ( 40) hour per week durin<Y the p riod prior 

to pril 1, H)34 an leach ix months' period thereaft r but not more 

than forty-fh-e (45) hours in any one week, proYicled that all hours 

worked in exces of eight ( 8) in any day shall be paid for at one 

and one half times the regularly hourly rate, except as follows: 

(a) l'Jo emplo ee in the industry shall be permitted to work in 

xce of forty ( 40) hours per week during the period prior to J anuary 1, 1934, except as otherwise provided in paraoTaph (b), ( c), 

( d) , ( e) , and ( f) of this Article. 

( b) A tolerance of twenty-five percent in the hour pecified 

above hall be permitted in any week for emero-ency maintenance 

and emergency repair crews, provided that no such employees hall 

be permitted to work in excess of an average of forty hours per 

week in each two weeks' period. 

( c) A tolerance of ten percent in the hours specified above hall 

be permitted for firemen, engineers, and shippino· ere" . 

(cl) Designers and persons engaged in executive and/or upervi ory capacity who are earning $35.00 or more per ,veek, and traveling salesmen. Working foremen are not except d from the minimmn hours specified above. 

( e) Watchmen and night firemen shall be permitted to work not 

to exceed an average of forty-eight hours per week in each two 

weeks' period. 

(f) Truck drivers operating on trips normally requiring more 

than eight hours except in cases of unavoidable delay due to breakdown or accident, shall be subject to hours of labor of a code hereafter to be adopted for the trucking industry. 

2. o manufacturer a, ailing himself of the averaging privilege 

may u e the device of temporarily laying off of ucc ive roups 

of workers for the purpo e of operating hi entire plant f rty-five 

hour:' per week continuou ly through the full averaging period. 

ARTICLE IV-W. ems 

1. Except as provided in sub ection (b) of thi e tion: 

(a) o employee in the Stat s of Virginia, North arolina 

arolina, Tennessee Kentucky, Georgia, Florida Alabama ii. issi1 pi Loui. iana, rkan as, Oklahoma, and T xa , and that par of 

th tate of Missouri nth an we t f an air line begi1 nino- at 

Thay r in Oreo-on ounty to Buffalo in Dallas unty, then dire ·tl · we t to th ICan a tate lin ; and n employ in any fa tory, 

the output of which consi ts of more than 90% of chair with louble 

wo n an seats hall be paid at les than th rate of 30 c nt · p r hour. 

(b) o oth r mploy ·hall be paid at le than the rate of 34 

cents p r hour. 
557 

2. Eueptions.-N o employee covered in paragraphs (a) and (b) 

of this Section shall be paid at. less than 80% of the minimum wage 

rate prescribed in Section 1 of this Article, provided that in no case 

shall the weekly wage of factory watchmen be less than $12.00/ per 

week of forty ( 40) hours or more. 

(a) Apprentices for a period of four months which shall be served 

not more than once in a lifetime of each apprentice; provided, that 

the total number of apprentices shall not exceed five percent of the 

total number of factory workers en1ployed by any employer. 

(b) Factory watchmen, gate watchmen, yardmen, and yard lumber handlers; provided, that the total number of such employees 

shall not exceed fiTe percent of the total number of factory workers 

employed by any employer. 

3. No employee shall be paid a wage rate which will yield a less 

wage for a week of forty hours than employees were receiving for 

the same class of work for the normal working week of 48 hours or 

over immediately preceding June 16, 1933. 

4. This Article establishes a minimum rate of pajr, regardless of 

whether an employee is compensated on a time-rate. piecework or 

other basis. 

5. The minimum wage rates provided for in Sections 1 and 2 of 

this Article apply only to employees engaged on the single dayli~ht 

shift occurring between the hours of seven o'clock A.l\lL and five 

o'clock P.M.; any en1ployee, with the exceptions specified, viz, subparagraphs (a), (b), ( c), ( d), and ( e) 0£ Section 1, Article III, 

working on a shift aH or any part of which occurs after five o'clock 

P.M. or before seven o'clock A.M., shall be paid at the rate of not 

less than one and one half times the rate paid employees engag cl 

in the daylight shift for the same class of work. The provisions of 

this Section shall not become effective until 30 days after approval 

of this Code by the President . 

.Al{TICLE V-GEXERAL LABOR PROYI IO.NS 

1. To per ·on under 16 years of age hall be employed in the industry nor anyone under 18 year of age at operation or occupations, 

hazardous in nature or detrimental to health. The Code Authority 

shall submit to the Administrator before January 15 1934, a list of 

such occupations. In any State an employer shall be deemed to haYe 

complied with this provi ion if he hall have on file a certificate or 

permit duly issued by the Authority in such State empowered to 

issue employment or age certificates ~>r permits, showing that the 

employee is of the required age. 

2. Employees shall ha e the right to organize and bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing and shall be 

free from the interference, restraint, or coercion of employers of 

labor, or their agents, in the designation of such representatives or 

in self-organization or in other concerted activities for the purpose 

of collecti,e bargaining or other mutual aid or protection. 

3. No employee and no one seeking employment hall be required 

as a condition of employment to join any company union or to refrain from joining, oro-anizing, or assisting a labor organization of 

his own choosing, and . 
558 

4. Employers shall comply , ith the maximum hours of labor, 

minimum rates of pa and oth r condition of mployment approved or prescribed b th Pr i :lent. 

5. "ithin each tat this od hall not super de any law of 

uch tates imposing more trino-ent requiremen on mployers 

regulatinO' he ao-e of emplo ees wao-e hour of ork, or h alth: 

fire or eneral workino- condition than under thi. Code. 

6. To employer hall recla ify mplo ee or du tie of occupations 

performed for the purpo e of lefeating the provi ions of the Act 

or of this Code. 

7. A person whose earning capacity is limited becau e of age or 

phy ical or mental handicap may be employed on li~ht work at a 

wao-e below the minimum establi. he l by this Co le if the employer 

obtain from the State Authorit3 designated by the nited States 

Department of Labor a certificate authorizing his employment at 

such wages and for such hour a shall be stated in the certificate. 

Each emplo. er shall file with the ode Authority a list of all such 

persons emplo ed by him. 

8. Each employer hall post in conspicuous places acces ible to 

employees full copies of this Code. 

ARTICLE VI- DMINISTRA TION 

1. To effectuate further the policies of the Act a Code Authority 

is hereby constituted to cooperate with the Administrator as the 

Administrative, Planning and Fair Practice Agency for the 

Industry. 

(a) The Code Authority shall consist of not less than twenty 

members, eleven to be selected by the J ational Association of Furniture Manufacturers, Incorporated, and seven to be selected by 

the Southern Furniture l\tlanufacturers Association, tog ther with 

the Managing Director of the National A sociation of Furniture 

Manufacturers, Incorporated, and the Secretar. of the outhern 

Furniture Manufacturers Association and such additional members 

as may be neces ary to represent other groups as may come under 

this Code; all to be elected by a fair method of el ction to be approved by the Administrator. The Government i to be repre ented 

on the Code Authority by two members without vote to be appointed 

by the Admini trator for terms of from six month to one year 

arranged o that the terms do not expire at the ame time. 

(b) 1 mbers of the industry hall be entitled to parti ipate in and 

har the benefits of the acti_yitie of the Cod uthority and to 

participate in the election of the member ther of by a enting to 

an l complying with th requir ment of this o l an l su taining 

their rea. onable sbar of the xp n e of it admini tration. The 

rea onable share of the expenses of administration hall be determined by the Cocl Authority subject to reYiew by th A.clmini - trator on the ba. is of volume of bu. iness and/ or u h oth r factors 

as may be deeme l equitable to be taken into con iclerati n. 

( c) Each trade or in lustrial a sociation direct! or inclire tly partici patin<Y in the election or activities of the o le uthortY- hall: 

(1) Impo e no inequitable re triction on memb r hip and (2) submit to the Aclmini trator true copies of its articles of a ociation, by: 
559 

laws, regulations, and any amendments when made thereto, together 

with such other information as to n1embership, organization, and 

activities as the Administrator may deem necessary to effectuate the 

purposes of the Act. 

( d) In order that the Code Authority shall at all times be truly 

representative of the Industry and in other respects comply with the 

provisions of the Act, the Administrator may provide such hearings 

as he may deem proper; and thereafter if he shall find that the Code: 

Authority is not truly representative or does not in other respects 

comply with the provisions of the Act, may require an appropriate: 

modification in the method of selection of the Code Authority. 

2. The Code Authority shall have the following duties and powers 

to the extent permitted by the Act, subject to the right of the Administrator on review to disapprove or modify a.ny action taken by it: 

(a) To present to the Administrator from time to time recommendations based on conditions in the furniture industry as they may 

de,~elop which will tend to effectuate the operation of the provisions 

of this Code and the policy of the Act. 

(b) To cooperate with the Administrator in making investigations 

as to the functioning and observance of any provisions of this Code 

at its own instance or on complaint by any person affected, and to 

report same to the Administrator. 

( c) To issue rules, regulations, procedure, and interpretations a,s 

may be necessary to effectuate the provisions of this Code. 

( d) In individual cases where the enforcement of this Code would 

create undue hardships, to modify, with the approval of the Administrator, the application of provisions of this Code except tho,se 

which are mandatory under the Act and the provisions of Articles 

III, IV ( except Section 5), and V hereof. 

( e) To investigate and inform the Administrator as to the importation o.f competitive products into the United States in substan- tial quantities or in increasing ratio to domestic production on such 

terms or under ,such conditions as to render ineffective or seriously 

to endanger the maintenance of this Code and as an agency .for making complaint to the President on behalf of the furniture industry 

under the provisions of the Act, with respect thereto. 

(f) To issue schedule of maximum trade discounts or allowances 

for volume purchases to govern the sales of furniture by furniture 

manufacturersi which, with the approval of the Administrator, after 

such notice and hearing as he shall prescribe, shall thereafter become 

a part of this Code. 

(g) To designate an executive committee consisting of the Managing Director of the National Association of Furniture l\!Ianufacturers, Incorporated, and the Secretary of the Southern Furniture 

Manufacturers Association and two others from its membership, and 

such representation as may be designated by the President. The 

Code Authority may delegate to the Executive Committee such of 

its powers as it may deem neces ary fo effectuate the purposes of this 

Code and to represent the industry before the Administrator. 

(h) To designate agencies or subcommittees for the various manufacturing areas or divisions, which agencies or subcommittees shall 

be representative of their respective areas or divisions, to assist it 

in making investigations as to the functioning and observance of the 
560 

)!rovi ions of thi Code, under rules pre cribcd by the Code Authority 

and a 11 r vecl b th~ Admini tr a tor. . . . . . ( i) From ti,m to tun to mak to ach a ociat1on and/ or d1 n 10n 

r cogniz <l or to b recoo·nizecl as a. pa.rt of the In lu try uncl r the 

proYi ion of thi Code, uch recommendation , in luding propo e<l 

amendments of th Code, as in their judgment will aid the efl'e ·tive 

adn1ini tration of this Code or may be necessary to effectuate within 

th Indu try the purpose of the Act. 3. "\Vithin sixty days after this Code go s into effect the Code 

uthority shall in\estigate and report to the Administrator concer ing th question of home work. 

4. In order to provide data neces n.ry for the administration of 

the Act a provided in paragraph (a) of Section 3 of the Act, 

members of the industry shall furnish certified stati tical information -with full protection to each member of the Industry as to the 

confidential nature of the data, such as reports dealing with wages, 

hours of labor conditions of employment, number of employees, 

production shipments, sales, and other data pertinent to the purposes of this Code and of the Act as may be required by the Administrator or by the Code Authority, subject to approval of the A<t1ninistrator. The agencies collectin~ such statistics shall be the National 

Association of Furniture Manuracturers, Incorporated, the Southern 

Furniture ~1anufacturers Association, the National Association of 

Manufacturers of Wood Office Desks and Tables, and the Wood 

Office Chair i1anufacturers Association, or any other agencies as 

may be designated by the Code Authority, subJect to the approval 

of the Administrator. The Code Authority is hereby named as the 

agency for coordination of such statistics for the Administrator. 

All such information or copies thereof shall be furnished to the 

Administrator upon his request. In addition to the information required to be submitted to agencies 

provided for in paragraph ( 1) of this Article, there shall be furni hed to Government agencies such statistical information a1; the 

Admini trator may deem necessary for the purposes recited in Section 3 (a) of the Act. 

ARTICLE VII-CosT PROTECTION 

1. It is hereby declared to be the policy to be followed by all 

member of the industry to refrain from destructive price cuttino·. 

No f1:,1r~iture ~am.~fac~urer, nor any partnership, corpo~ation firm, 

a socrntion, or m. titut10n owned or controlled by a furniture manufacturer, hall offer, ell or exchange, or agree to sell or exchano-e, 

product of the furniture indu try at a price or upon ·uch te-rm 0or 

c.oncli ion · that will re. ult in the cu tomcr paying for ._ uch pr ducts 

le'-'s than their co. t to the furniture manufa turer, xcept: 

(a) To meet existing ?ompctitioi: of low r co t procl~1 ers on produ t_s of the same or eqmvalent design, character, quality or specifications · 

(b) s provided in Section (2) of thi Article. In the ca e of 

order for futnre delivery the term "co t ' hall be based upon the 

co t at the time of acceptance of the order. 
561 

2. Nothing in this section shall prevent any furniture manufacturer from selling at any price discontinued patterns (close-outs), 

which he shall not again manufacture. The Code Authority may require reports of all such sales, and, with the approval of the Administrator n1ay adopt rules to prevent the use of close-outs as an unfair trade practice. 

3. The Code Authority is hereby empowered to establish uniform 

cost accounting methods for the Industry, subject to the approval of 

the Administrator. 

4. For the purpo e of encouraging accurate a certainment of costs, 

furniture manufacturers may report costs of furniture to their 

trade associations to be summarized and which may be made available in consolidated form to those contributing to the summary provided that the name of those reporting shall not be divulged to any 

other furniture manufacturer. 

ARTICLE VIII-TR,lDE PRACTICES 

The following practices constitute unfair method of competition 

for members of the industry and are prohibited: 

l. Misrepresentatio-n 01· False or Misleading Advertising.-The 

making or causing or knowingly permitting to be made or published 

any false, materially inaccurate, or deceptive statement by way of 

ad, ertisement or otherwise, whether concerning the grade, quality, 

quantity substance, character, nature, origin, size, finish or preparation of any product of the industry, or the credit terms, values, -

policie , or ervices of any member of the industry, or otherwi e, 

having the tendency or capacity to mislead or deceiYe customer or 

prospective cu ... tomers. 

2. Secret R ebates.-The secret payment or allowance of rebates, 

refund~, commi ions, credits or unearned discounts, whether in the 

form of money or otherwise, or the secret extension to certain purchaser of special services or privileges not extended to all purcha ers 

on like terms and conditions. 

3. C 01nmercial Br-ibery.-Directly or indirectl., to giYe or permit 

to be giYen, or offer to give, money or anything of Yalue to agents, 

employees or representatives of cu tomers or prospective cu t.omer , or to agents, employees or representative of competitor--- · cu omers 

or prospective customers, without the knowledge of their employers 

or principals, as an inducement to influence their employers or principal to purchase or contract to purcha e from the maker of uch 

gift or offer or to influence uch employer or principal to refrain 

from dealing or contracting to deal with competitor .. 

4. Piracy of Design.-The copying and/or reproducing of any 

exclusive design or pattern, original in design or treatment owned 

by another furniture manufacturer within two years of it introduction. 

5. Failure to De cribe Products.-The failure to fnrni h to the 

buyer on reque t a description of products, including the principal 

material of which it is made and other important attribute . 6. False l nvoicing.-The withholding from or in ertion in any 

invoice of any tatement making the inYoice inaccurate in any mate-
562 

rial particular or which mi r pr nt the price or charact r of the 

mat rial ontent of th m rchandi e bill d. 

7. T r'1ns of ale.- llina on more favorable terms than n t 60 

da · r 2% cash discount within 30 day from date of hipment; 

proYidecl that wh re it is the pra tice of a buyer to make monthly 

ttlem nt of all invoice , the manufacturer may allow the deduction 

of the a h discount if payment i · made not later than the 15th 

of the calendar month followino- dates of hipm nt. 

otes may be accepted at the option of the eller but mu t carry 

interest at the rate of not le than 6 percent per annum to be paid 

by the maker, and the invoices of such cases shall not be subject to 

the ca ~11 discount. Anticipation of payment is permitted at the rate 

of one half of one ( 1) percent per month for the unexpired ca h 

di count period. This provision shall not supersede any State law 

on the subject. 

8. hizJ7nents.-The making of sale other than on the basis of 

F.0.B. the factory, except where the buyer and seller are located in 

the same city or metropolitan trading area. 

9. Dating of lnvoices.-The pre-dating or post-dating of invoices 

except that the Code Authority may upon investigation issue such 

regulations as it finds necessary with respect to datings on seasonal 

items. 

10. The provisions of paragraph seven, eight, and nine of this 

Article and the Provisions of Article VII shall not apply to sales for 

export outside of Continental United States. 

ARTICLE IX-MODIFICATION 

1. This Code and all the provisions thereof are expressly made 

subject to the right of the President, in accordance with the provisions of subsection (b) of Section 10 of the Act, from time to time to 

cancel or modify any order, approval, license, rule, or regulation 

is ued under Title I of said Act and specifically, but without limitation, to the right of the President to cancel or modify his approval 

of this Code or any conditions imposed by him upon approval 

thereof. 

2. This Code, except as to provisions required by the Act may be 

modified on the basis of experience or chang in ircum tances, u h 

modification to be ba ed upon application to the Admini trator and 

uch notice and hearing as he shall specify, and to become effective 

on approval of the President. 

ARTICLE X-l\f oNOPOLIE , ETc. 

o provision of thi · Code shall be so ap1 li d as to permit monopolies or monopoli tic pr actic , or to eliminate, oppre s, or 

discriminate ao-ain t small enterpris s. 

ARTI LE XI-PRI E I CREA ES 

1Vher a the poli y of the A t to in r a r al purchasing power 

will be mad impo ible of con ummati n if pri s of goods and 

service incr a e as rapidly a wages, it is r cogniz d that price in-
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creases should be delayed, and that, when made, the same should, so 

far as reasonably possible, be limited to actual increases in the seller's 

costs. 

ARTICLE XII-EFFECTI\'E DATE 

This Code shall become effecti--re on the first :Monday after its 

approval by the President. 

Approved Code No. 1-:1:5. 

Registry No. 312-1-10. 

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UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 

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