SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 0 NUMBER 34 

New Records of Marine Algae 

from the 1974 R /V Dolphin Cruise 

to the Gulf of California 

James N. Norris 

and Xatina E. Bucher 

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS 

City of Washington 

1976 
ABSTRACT 

Norris, J. N., and K. E. Bucher. New Records of Marine Algae from the 1974 

R/V Dolphin Cruise to the Gulf of California. Smithsonian Contributions to 

Botany, number 34, 22 pages, 13 figures, 1976.4ix species of benthic marine 

algae (one Chlorophyta, two Phaeophyta, and three Rhodophyta) are newly 

reported from the Gulf of California, Mexico. Species of Halicystis, Sporochnus, 

Bonnemaisonia, Dudresnnya, and Sebdenia represent genera new to the Gulf, 

with the last being new to North America. The distribution of twelve other 

species is extended. Two new nomenclatural combinations, Dasya bailloziviana 

var. nudicaulus and Dasya baillouviana var. stanfordiana, are proposed. The 

morphological variation of some species is discussed. Spermatangia of Dudresnnya 

colombiana, and tetrasporangia and spermatangia of Kallymenia pertusa are reported and described for the first time. 

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstam ed in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded 

in the Institution’s annual report, Srnitisonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: Leaf clearing from the 

katsura tree Cercidiphyllurn japonicurn Siebold and Zuccarini. 

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data 

Norris, James N. 

New records of marine algae from the 1974 R/V Dolphin cruise to the Gulf of California. 

(Smithsonian contributions to botany ; no. 34) 

Bibliography: p. 

1. Marine algae-California, Gulf of. 2. R/V Dolphin (Ship) I. Bucher, Katina E., joint 

author. 11. Title 111. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions to botany ; no. 34. 

QKI.S2747 no. 34 [QK571.9.C35] 581’.08s 76408077 [589’.39’261] 
Contents 

Introduction . . . . . , , . . , . , . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , . . . . . . . 

CHLOROPHYTA ............................................. .. 

CAULERPALES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... 

DERBESIACEAE . . ........................... .... 

Halicystis ovalis (Lyngbye) Areschoug . . . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . 

DICTYOTALES ................................... .......... 

DICTYOTACEAE . . . ............................ 

Okamura . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . 

SPOROCHNALES ......................... ...,....._.......... 

PHAEOPHYTA . . . . . . . . .....,............ ....... 

Pachydictyon co 

SPOROCHNACEAE ............ ........................ 

Sporochnus bolleanus Mont . . . . . . . . . 

DESMARESTIALES . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . , . . ....................... 

DESMARESTIACEAE ............................. . ..... 

Desmarestia lig var. ligulata (Lightfoot) Lamouroux . . . . . . . 

Desmarestia viridis (0. F. Muller) Lamouroux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . 

SCYTOSIPHONALES . . . . . . . . , , , , , . , , . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , . . . , . . . 

SCYTOSIPHONACEAE . . . , . . . . . . . ........................... 

Rosenvingea aff. sanctae-cr 

RHODOPHYTA ............................. ................ 

NEMALIALES .. .................................... , . . 

BONNEMAISONIACEAE . . . . , . , , , , , . . , . . . . . . , , . . . . . 

Asparagopsis taxiformis ( 

Bonnemaisonia hamifera 

CRYPTONEMIALES 

DUMONTIACEAE . . . , , , , , . , 

Dudresnaya colombiana T 

KALLYMENIACEAE ...........,..,............,......o.......... 

Kallymenia pertusa Setchell and Gardner . . . . 

Pugetia mexicana Dawson . . , . , , , . , , , , , , . , . . . , . , , , . , . . . . . . . . . . 

GIGARTINALES ..................................... 

NEMASTOMATACEAE ........................... . 

Predaea masonii (Setchell and Gardner) De Toni f. 

SEBDENIACEAE . , , ....................... 

Sebdenia polyda 

GRACILARIACEAE , ................................ 

Gracilaria tepocensis ( 

GICARTINACEAE ................................................ 

RHODYMENIALES .._..... ........................................ 

RHODYMENIACEAE .............................................. 

Botryocladia hancockii Dawson , , , , . . , , . . , , . , . , . . . . . . . , . . . . . . , 

. . . . . . , . . . , . . , ......................... 

) Balakrishnan . . . . . . 

Dawson . . . . . . . 

Rhodoglossum hancockii Dawson . . . , . . . . . , . . _.......... 

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iv SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 

Page 

CERAMIALES ............................................... 18 

CERAMIACEAE ........................... ................ 18 

Platythamnion pectinatum Kylin ........................... 18 

DASYACEAE .................................................. 19 

Dasya baillouviana var . nudicaulis (Dawson). new combination .... 19 

Dasya bailloziviana var . stanfordiana (Farlow). new combination . . 19 

Literature Cited .................................................. 20 
New Records of Marine Algae 

from the 1974 R/V Dolphin Cruise 

to the Gulf of California 

James N. Norris 

and Katina E. Bucher 

Introduction 

The marine flora of the Gulf of California is 

particularly interesting because it contains elements 

that are associated with tropical regions (species of 

Caulerpa and Padina, for example), as well as 

genera more commonly associated with temperate 

waters (Gigartina and Desmarestia). An opportunity 

to join a cruise of the R/V Dolphin from Scripps 

Institution of Oceanography to the northern Gulf 

in 1974 was therefore welcomed by the authors. 

The expedition enabled us to collect benthic marine algae of Las Islas de la Cintura (Midriff Islands) and from the Gulf coast of Baja California 

del Norte. This paper provides new distributional 

records and new nomenclatural combinations in the 

marine algae resulting from these collections. 

The chief scientist of the cruise, Dr. William 

Fenical of Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 

and his students were investigating the algae for 

unique natural products. In addition to our own 

studies, we identified and prepared herbarium 

vouchers of the algae used in their chemical studies. 

Their research was directed toward the halogen 

James N. Norris and Katina E. Bucher, Department of 

Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian 

Institution, Washington, D. C. 20560. 

containing compounds synthesized by some marine 

algae (Fenical, 1975). Plants recognized by thin 

layer chromatography as containing these compounds were collected, and dried for later extraction and structural elucidation (Fenical, 1974; Fenical and J. Norris, 1975; and Howard and Fenical, 

1975). 

Oceanographic expeditions have contributed 

greatly to the knowledge of the Gulf of California’s 

marine flora (e.g., Setchell and Gardner, 1924a; 

Dawson, 1944, 1959, 1966b; J. Norris, 1972). An 

historical review of marine botanical exploration 

has been provided by J. Norris (1976). From 1941 to 

1966, Dr. E. Yale Dawson contributed the majority 

of information concerning the taxonomy and distribution of the Gulf’s marine algae. Currently a 

marine algal flora is being assembled by J. Norris 

for the northern Gulf as a result of studies conducted over several years. 

The ll-day cruise (19-30 April 1974) visited 

seven localities in Las Islas de la Cintura and vicinity. Cruise stations ranged from San Felipe (lat. 

31’02’30”; long. 144’48’50’’) south to Isla San Esteban (lat. 28’40’15”, long. 112°30’30’’) (Figure 1). 

Most specimens were obtained subtidally by scuba 

diving and some by free diving. Others were collected intertidally during low tides. Where pertinent, specimens obtained by us and others during 

1 
2 

32'- 

31'- 

30'. 

29'. 

28". 

SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 

115' 114' 113' 112' 

FIGURE 1.-Northern Gulf of California, Mexico: Cruise stations of the R/V Dolphin. 

- 32" 

-31' 

- 30' 

- 29' 

- 28' 
NUMBER 34 3 

field work in Baja California and Sonora, from 

1972 to 1974, are also included in this study. 

Specimens studied are being deposited in the 

following herbaria: United States National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution (US); Universidad 

Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (MEXU); Gilbert 

M. Smith Herbarium, Hopkins Marine Station, 

Stanford University (GMS); University of Washington, Seattle (WTU); University of California, 

Berkeley (UC); University of Arizona, Tucson 

(ARIZ); University of Michigan (MICH); and Allan 

Hancock Foundation Herbarium, University of 

Southern California (AHFH). Abbreviations for 

J. N. Norris and Katina E. Bucher are given as JN 

and KB respectively. The collection numbers refer to the field notebooks of JN. Latitude and longitude of collecting localities are taken from U. S. 

Naval Oceanographic Office charts NO 21008, NO 

21181, and NO 21017. Gulf distribution data within 

the text is listed from north to south. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.-we are grateful to Dr. 

William Fenical (Chief Scientist) for the opportunity to participate in the cruise of R/V Dolphin. 

Thanks are also due the National Science Foundation for field travel expenses provided by Grant No. 

BMS 73-07000 A01 and No. BMS 75-13960 (formerly NSF GB-38623), awarded to M. Neushul and 

J. Norris. Special appreciation is extended to Dr. 

Isabella A. Abbott, who has kindly examined most 

of the specimens studied and critically read the 

manuscript. Dr. Michael Neushul also read the 

manuscript, and his comments and continuing encouragement are gratefully acknowledged. Our colleague, Dr. Harold Robinson, too, offered a critical 

reading of the paper providing us with thoughtprovoking discussions. Dr. George J. Hollenberg 

and Dr. William Randolph Taylor have examined 

the Sporochnus material and offered valuable comments. Our thanks to Dr. Richard E. Norris for 

studying the Pugetia and Kallymenia material. Dr. 

John Paul, Dr. William Fenical, Dr. Howard 

Sleeper, Dr. David Lindquist, George Boehlert, 

David Moore, Bruce Howard, Mark Helvey, and 

Ken Robertson assisted as diving partners and have 

shared their collections. Sr. Raphael Guerrero also 

provided material. Alice Tangerini has skillfully 

drawn the map, Finally we wish to thank Arhelia 

Gonzales, of the Shrimp Culture Facilities, Environmental Research Laboratory, Puerto Peiiasco, Sonora, for help in processing some of the algae, and 

Carl N. Hodges, director, for use of Laboratorio de 

Biologia RIarina, University of Arizona and Universidad de Sonora, Puerto Peiiasco. 

CHLOROPHYTA 

CAULERPALES 

DERBESIACEAE 

Halicystis ovalis (Lyngbye) Areschoug 

FIGURE 2 

Halicystis ovalis (Ljngbye) Areschoug, 1850:447. 

This distinctive genus is new to the Gulf of 

California flora. The nearest previous collections 

of H. ovalis are from the Northern Pacific (Smith, 

1969). Gulf specimens were found growing epiFIGURE 2.-Halicystis ovalis, epiphytic on Amphi. 

ron subcylindricu from Isla Willard UN-5732). 
4 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 

phytic on Amphiroa subcylindrica Dawson, intertidal to 4.6 m depth, at the northeast end of Isla 

Willard, Bahia San Luis Gonzaga (lat. 29O49’30’’, 

long. 114’23’24’’) 20 Apr 1974, JN-5732 (US, UC, 

RIEXU, ARIZ, AHFH), (leg. JN, KB, J. Paul, and 

K. Robertson). While our specimens agree well 

with H. ovalis from the Pacific coast of California 

(Hollenberg, 1935; Smith, 1944), they differ in 

habitat. In the Gulf of California they were discovered on an articulated coralline, while in California waters they have been reported only on 

crustose corallines. 

Kormann (1938) found Derbesia marina to be an 

alternate in the life history of H. ovalis, and Scagel 

(1961) grew a “Derbesia-stage” from H. ovalis. Although Derbesia spp. (Dawson, 1966a) and Derbesia turbinata Howe et Hoyt (Dawson, 1966b) have 

been reported in the Gulf, it remains for future 

culture studies to establish whether either of these 

species are involved in the life history of the Gulf 

Ha 1 icy st is. 

PHAEOPHY TA 

DICTYOTALES 

DICTYOTACEAE 

Pachy dictyon coriaceum (Holmes) Okamura 

Pachydictyon coriaceum (Holmes) Okamura, 1899:39: 1936: 

165, fig. 84. 

Intertidal collections off the rocky northeast 

shore of Puerto Refugio, Isla Angel de la Guarda 

(lat. 29O32’30’’, long. 113°32’23’’) 23 Apr 1974, JN5780 (US), (leg. Jh’), extend the known distribution 

of this alga northward from Bahia Agua Dulce, 

Isla Tiburon where it was collected by Dawson 

(1950). 

Additional specimens are from Punta La Gringa, 

Bahia de Los Angeles, 1-7.6 m depth, 28 Apr 1974, 

JN-5445 (US, UC, GhIS, AHFH, MEXU), (leg. 

JN and KB). It was abundant off the southeast end 

of Isla San Esteban, 1-4.6 m depth, 26 Apr 1974, 

JN-5522 (US, UC, ARIZ, MEXU, GMS); 3-7.6 m 

depth, 25 Apr 1974, Jh’-5544 (US, UC, ARIZ) and 

JN-5719 (US), (all three collections leg. JN and 

KB). 

SPOROCHNALES 

SPOROCHNACEAE 

Sporochnus bolleanus Montagne 

FIGURES 3, 4a,b 

Sporochnus bolleanus Montagne, 1856:393. 

A subtidal collection from 23 m depth, off Roca 

Blanca, in Puerto Refugio, Isla Angel de la Guarda 

(lat. 2g033’04’’, long. 113O33’51’’) 21 Apr 1974, JN5264a & b (US), (leg. JN), is the first record of the 

occurrence of this genus in the Gulf of California. 

Previously S. bolleanus has been known in the 

Pacific from the west coast of Baja California 

(Dawson, Neushul, and IVildman, 1960), the Galapagos Islands (Taylor, 1945), and in the Atlantic 

from the Gulf of Mexico (Earle, 1969), Bermuda, 

Puerto Rico, and Brazil (Taylor, 1960). 

Sporochnus bolleanus is somewhat similar to 

S. pedunculatus but whereas the latter is delicate, 

slender, and smaller in size, S. bolleanus is a 

coarser plant, larger in dimensions throughout. Our 

specimens have intermediate vegetative measurements between s. bolleanus Montagne and S. 

pedunculatus (Hudson) C. Agardh (1820) as they 

were reported from the Gulf of Mexico (Taylor, 

1960; Earle, 1969). Earle (1969) has noted difficulty 

in separating S. pedunculatus and S. bolleanus in 

some material from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. There some plants may have young branches 

resembling S. pedunculatus and mature branches 

with the characteristics of S. bolleanus. 

In specimens where the length of the determinate branchlets (pedicel, swollen fertile portion 

and tuft of hairs) are intermediate between these 

two species, the shape of the fertile part may be 

important in determining the species (Taylor, 

1960). The fertile part of the Gulf of California 

material is cylindrical and elongate (Figure 4a,b), 

conforming to the description of S. bolleanus, while 

the fertile parts of S. pedunculatus are shorter and 

rounded, tending toward spindle-shape (Taylor, 

1960:253, pl. 35: figs. 2-5; cf. Earle, 1969:190, figs. 

On the Pacific Coast of North America Sporochnus pedunculatus is recorded from Santa Catalina 

Island, off southern California, to Laguna Ojo 

89-92). 
NUMBER 14 

FIGURE %-Habit of Sporochnur bolleanus from Roca Blanca, Puerto Refugio UN-5264a). 
6 

FIGURE 4.-Sporoch77us boiieatzu~: u, portion of lower axis 

(JS-5264b) \vith larger branchlets which show the characteristic c) lindrical and elongated fertile portion below the 

tuft of hairs: b, detail of a smaller branchlet also exhibiting 

the characteristic elongated cjlindrical fertile portion (JS5264a). 

de Liebre (Scammon’s Lagoon), Baja California 

(Abbott and Hollenberg, in press). 

DESMARESTIALES 

DESMARESTIACEAE 

Desmarestia ligulata var. ligulata 

Lamouroux 

(Lightfoot) 

Desmnrestia ligulata var. liguhta (Lightfoot) Lamouroux, 

1813:45, pl. 8: fig. 1. 

In studies on Desmavestia from the west coast 

of North America Chapman (1972a) placed D. 

mexicana Dawson (1944) from the Gulf of CaliforSMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 

nia in synonymy with D. ligulata var. ligulata. 

Furthermore in his concept of this species, Chapman 

also included Desmarestia mundn Setchell and 

Gardner (1924b), to which D. mexicana shows 

strong similarities. Previously D. rnexicana Dawson 

was known only from the type collection dredged 

at Puerto Refugio, Isla Angel de la Guarda. Now 

the range of this flattened species may be extended south to the southern end of Isla Estanque 

(lat. 29’03’36”, long. 113O06’48”), from 10.7 m 

depth, 27 Apr 1974, JN-5514 (US, UC), (leg. JN 

and KB). 

Additional material was again collected at Puerto 

Refugio, off the west side of Roca Blanca, 23 m 

depth, 21 Apr 1974, JN-5283 (US, UC, ARIZ, 

MEXU, GMS, AHFH), (leg. JN). 

Desmarestia viridis (0. F. Muller) Lamouroux 

Destnarestia viridis (0. F. Muller) Lamouroux, 1813:45. 

As with other species of Desmavestia, Chapman 

(1972b) has circumscribed D. vi7 idzs, a common 

Atlantic species, to include specimens from a wider 

geographic range and exhibiting a greater morphological variation than is usually described. 

Desmayestia filamcntosa Dawson (1944), known 

only from the tjpe-locality (Puerto Refugio) in the 

northern Gulf of California, was included by 

Chapman within the synonjmj of D. midis. The 

Gulf specimens are generally taller, wider in diameter and more lax than those known from the 

Monterey Peninsula, California (Smith, 1969) 

which is probably the center of distribution for 

this species on the Pacific coast. X specimen collected at the southeast side of Isla San Esteban (lat. 

28O40’15”, long. 112°30’30”), 3-7.6 m depth, 25 

Apr 1974, JN-5708 (UC), (leg. JN), represents the 

southernmost extension of the known range in the 

Gulf. 

Additional specimens enlarge the plant’s Gulf 

distribution: Isla illejia, 6.1 m depth, 23 Apr 1974, 

JN-5839 (AHFH) and JN-5679 (US), (leg. JN); 

Puerto Refugio, off west side of Roca Blanca, 20 m 

depth, 21 Apr 1974, JN-5271 (GMS, ARIZ), (leg. 

JN); Puerto Refugio, off small island, 10 m depth, 

21 Apr 1974, JN-5360 (LIEXU), (leg. JN); Punta 

la Gringa, Bahia de Los Angeles, 7.6 m depth, 28 
NUMBER 34 7 

Apr 1974, JN-5448 (US), (leg. JN) and 6.5 m depth, 

22 May 1972, JN-3042 (US), (leg. JN and G. 

Boehlert). 

SCY TOSIPHON ALES 

SCY TOSIPHONACEAE 

Rosenvingea aff. sanctae-crucis Boergesen 

FIGURE 5a,b 

Rosenvingea sanctae-crucis Boergesen, 1914:22, figs. 14-17.- 

Taylor 1960:263. 

Collections resembling R. sanctae-crucis establish 

another Rosenvingea species in the northern Gulf. 

Dawson (1944) previously reported R. intricata 

(J. Agardh) Boergesen (1914) in the Gulf (cf. Wynne 

and Norris, 1976). Another species, R. orientalis 

(J. Agardh) Boergesen (1914), apparently closely 

related to R. sanctae-crucis (Earle, 1969:ZlO-213), 

was noted by Dawson (1960) from the Pacific coast 

of Costa Rica. 

Rosenvingea sanctae-crucis as described by 

Boergesen (1914) and Taylor (1960) is sparsely and 

irregularly alternate or subdichotomously branched. 

Our specimens, however, are trichotomously or 

oppositely branched (Figure 5a,b). Gulf material 

is thicker in transection (cavity to cortex), 90-120 

pm and 4-5(-6) cell layers, while those of Boergesen 

and Taylor are 3-4 cell layers (thickness not given). 

A specimen, R. sanctae-crucis of Taylor and Rhyne 

(1970:8) from Dominica, West Indies (Stern and 

Wasshausen-27825 (US)) is similarly branched, but 

thinner in transection, 60 pm and 3-4 cell layers. 

Unfortunately the Gulf material is not fertile, and 

we are unable to make further comparisons. 

Northern Gulf of California collections are: 

Northwest of rock window on the shoreline of 

Puerto Refugio, Isla Angel de la Guarda (lat. 

29O32’15”, long. 113O34’12”), 9 m depth, 21 Apr 

1974, JN-5343 (US, MICH), (leg. JN and KB); 

Punts La Gringa, &hii de Los Angeles (lat. FIGURE 5.--Rosenvingea aff. sanctae-crucis, habit of two plants 

29001!54/t, long. 113032’00~), 9 depth, 28 from Punta La Gringa, Bahia de Los Angeles, showing the 

predominate trichotomous branching: a, plant of wide diam- 1974y JN-5471 (us’ eter with long intervals between branches (JN-5471); b, and KB)j and 7 m depth, 22 portion of a smaller diameter plant, with shorter intervals 

(US, GMS, MICH), (leg. JN and G. Boehlert). and congested branches (JN-3042). 

AHFH’ GMS)’ (leg’ JN 

l972, JN-3042 
8 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 

RHODOPHYTA 

NEMALIALES 

BONNEM AISONIACEAE 

Asparagopsis taxif ormis (Delile) Trevisan 

Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trek isan, 1845345 

Widespread in tropical waters, this species had 

previously been encountered in the Gulf from Bahia 

Tepoca to Punta Frailes (Dawson, 1953). Recent 

material extends the known distribution in the 

Gulf. Collections at Rocas Consag (lat. 31°06’54”, 

long. 114°29’00”), 7.6 m depth, 2 Jun 1972, JN-3113 

(US, GMS, UC), (leg. D. Lindquist) extend the 

range northward, and specimens from Cabeza 

Ballena (lat. 22O53’12”, long. 109°50’30”), 3.3-4.5 

m depth, 2 Jan 1973, JN-4090 (US, GMS) and 

JN-4121 (US, UC), (leg. JN, KB, and H. Sleeper) 

represent a slight southward extension. 

Further R/V Dolphin collections within this extended range include: Punta Tliillard, Bahia San 

Luis Gonzaga, 3.3 m depth, 20 Apr 1974, JN-5401 

(US, UC, GMS), (leg. JN and KB); east end of Isla 

Mejia, 15 m depth, 23 Apr 1974, JN-5675 (US), 

(leg. JN); off west side of Roca Blanca, Puerto 

Refugio, Isla Angel de la Guarda, 9 m depth, 21 

Apr 1974, JN-5296 (US), (leg. JN, J. Paul and K. 

Robertson); south end of Isla Estanque, 6.1 m 

depth, 27 Apr 1974, JN-5485 (US, UC), (leg. JN and 

KB); and Punta La Gringa, Bahia de Los Angeles, 

7.6 m depth, 28 Apr 1974, JN-5474 (US), (leg. JN 

and KB). 

Abbott and Williamson (1974) have noted that 

this species is the favorite edible seaweed of the 

Hawaiians. In the Gulf this plant has been found 

to contain some interesting polyhaloketones 

(Fenical, 1974). 

Bonnemaisonia hamifera Hariot 

FIGURE 6a 

Bonnemaisonia hamifera Hariot, 1891 :223. 

New to the Gulf of California, this species was 

often found entangled on Sargassum by means of 

its distinctive hooklike tendrils, though also occurring on other substrates. \Ye found material from 

the west side of Roca Blanca, Puerto Refugio, 

(lat. 29O33’04”, long. 113O33’51’’) 22 Apr 1974, 

JN-5802 (GMS) and JN-5284 (US, MEXU), (leg. 

JN) south to Isla Estanque, (lat. 29O03’36”, long. 

113°06’48”) 27 Apr 1974, JN-5579 (ARIZ), (leg. 

JN and KB). 

Numerous additional collections were made at 

the following localities: off small island, Puerto 

Refugio, 4.5-9 m depth, 21 Apr 1974, JN-5361v 

(US, GMS, UC, ARIZ), (leg. JN and KB); northeast shore of Puerto Refugio, intertidal, 23 Apr 

1974, JN-5740 (GMS, AHFH) and JN-5773 (UC), 

(leg. JN and KB); northwest of rock window on 

shore, Puerto Refugio, 21 Apr 1974, JN-5315 (US), 

(leg. JN and KB); Punta la Gringa, Bahia de Los 

Angeles, 28 Apr 1974, JN-5438 (US, UC), (leg. JN 

and KB); Isla La Ventana, Bahia de Los Angeles, 

15.3-24.6 m depth, May 1972, JN-2989 ? (US), (leg. 

JN and G. Boehlert). 

Fertile plants, originally described from Japan 

(Hariot, 1891), were previously unknown in hfexican collections (Dawson, 1953). Cystocarps observed 

on JN-536 1 and JN-2989 were ellipsoid, surrounded 

by an ostiolate pericarp, and borne on a short pedicel. The mature cystocarps were 400 pm wide, and 

520 pm in height, agreeing with those described by 

Chihara (1961) for Japanese plants. In the Gulf 

this species appears to be found only during spring 

months. Dawson (1961b) recorded this alga from 

Santa Rosa Island, off southern California, to 

Punta San Quintin, Baja California del Norte. A 

single earlier collection from Puerto Refugio, identified as Acrosymphyton caribaeum (Norris, 1972: 10, 

pl. 2), is now recognized to be Bonnemaisonia 

hamifera. The alternate phase in the life history 

of this species, Trailliella intricata, has not been 

found in the Gulf. 

CRYPTONEMIALES 

DUMONTIACEAE 

Dudresnay a colombiana Taylor 

FIGURES 7a-c,8a,b 

Dudresnaya colombiana Taylor, 1945: 162. 

This soft, gelatinous species was encountered 

subtidally at two cruise localities, adding another 

genus to the Gulf of California flora. 
NUMBER 54 

FIGURE &-Habits: a, Bonnemaisonia hamifera from Roca Blanca, Puerto Refugio (JN-5802); 

b, Botryocladia hancockii collected off Isla Mejia, Puerto Refugio (JN-5685); c, Predaea masonii 

from Roca Blanca, Puerto Refugio (JN-5295), showing the deeply divided blade. 

9 
10 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 

FIGURE 7.-Dudresnaya colombiana showing variation in branching: a, large specimen from 

Isla Mejia (JN-5680) branching of 1-2 orders and mostly from the lower portion of the thallus; 

b, c, smaller plants collected off Isla Estanque (JN-5480) with more numerous branches. 
NUMBER 34 11 

The Gulf plants are translucent pink to rose in 

color, with fronds variously branched above a 

single, short stipe. Branching in the largest specimens (Figure 7a) is mostly from the lower portion 

of the thallus and of 1-2 orders. Other, shorter 

thalli (Figure 7b,c) are branched 2-4 times from 

the main axis, with the branches becoming progressively smaller in diameter upward, and the 

ultimate branchlets shorter with acute apices. 

Internally the axial filaments range from (5-)7 to 

12(-21) pm diameter, and to 45-70 pm diameter in 

broader older portions. Slender (to 2 pm diameter) 

rhizoidal filaments from basal cells of laterals, are 

loosely woven throughout. The filaments of the 

laterals branch dichotomously and taper slightly 

toward the outer surface. Cells of these branches 

are more or less cylindrical, becoming shorter and 

oval at the apices, with the ultimate cells 5-8 pm 

long and up to 4 pm in diameter. 

The material studied is dioecious. The auxiliary 

cell branch is a single series of 8-17 rounded cells. 

Cystocarps are subspherical, 120-180 pm diameter, 

and borne on the auxiliary cell, usually the third 

cell from the proximal end (Figure 8a). Spermatangial plants, previously unknown, were also collected. Spermatia are clustered terminally on the 

lateral filaments of these plants (Figure 8b). 

FIGURE 8.-Dudresnaya colombiana from Isla Estanque (JN5480 9 ; 8 ): a, intercalary position of cystocarp borne on the 

auxiliary cell; b, spermatia clustered terminally on the end 

of the lateral filament. 

Our plants generally agree with Taylor’s description of D. colombiana but with some differences in 

size and branching. The original description was 

based on fragments, up to 5 cm tall, with fronds 

to 6 mm wide (Taylor, 1945). The Gulf specimens 

are entire, from 7 cm (JN-5480) to 14 cm (JN-5680) 

tall with fronds 3-5(-10) mm in diameter. The 

axial filaments of the type specimen were 12-16(-20) 

pm agreeing with most Gulf material. Gulf thalli of 

wide diameter had larger axial filaments measuring 

45-70 pm diameter. The Colombian specimens 

branch to three orders, while a few of the Gulf 

specimens branch to four orders. 

The plants were found growing subtidally at the 

east end of Isla Mejia (lat. 29”33‘35’‘, long. 

113O34’52”), 15.1-22.7 m depth, 23 Apr 1974, JN5680 (US, UC), (leg. JN) and at the south end of 

Isla Estanque (lat. 29O03’36’’, long. 113OO6’48’’), 

9-10.6 m depth, 27 Apr 1974, JN-5480 (US, MEXU, 

ARIZ, UC, GMS, AHFH), (leg. JN and KB). The 

type-locality of D. colombiana is Isla Gorgona, 

Colombia (Taylor, 1945: 162), where it was collected 

intertidally (Taylor, 1945: 18). An additional record 

of this species has been reported by Mower and 

Widdowson (1969) from 6 m depth off Santa 

Catalina Island, southern California. 

KALLY MEN1 ACEAE 

Kallymenia pertusa Setchell and Gardner 

FIGURE 9 

Kallymenia pertusa Setchell and Gardner, 1924a:746. 

Subtidal collections from 18.4-23 m depths, off 

the east end of Isla Mejia (lat. 29O33‘35“, long. 

113O34’52”) 23 Apr 1974, JN-5667 (US, WTU, UC, 

MEXU, AHFH, GMS, ARIZ), (leg. JN, J. Paul, and 

K. Robertson), now extend the range of this perforated foliose alga northward from Punta La 

Gringa, Bahia de Los Angeles (R. Norris and J. 

Norris, 1973). The R/V Dolphin material reveals 

this endemic alga to be more common than previously believed. Numerous and luxuriant specimens 

were found growing on rocks at Isla Mejia. Fertile 

cystocarpic plants were uncommon among these 

collections. 

The generic position of this taxon was uncertain 

(Setchell and Gardner, 1924a) until it was clarified 
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 

FIGURE 9.-Tetrasporangial plant of Kallymenia pertusa from Isla Mejia UN-5667). 
NUMBER 34 

by R. E. Norris and J. N. Norris (1973) on the basis 

of cystocarpic material. Tetrasporic plants were 

found among the recent collections (JN-56670). 

The tetrasporangia are cruciately divided, 24-30 

pm long and 16-22 pm wide, embedded within the 

cortex and scattered over the thallus surface. Spermatangial plants were also found. One or two 

spermatangia, 2.5-5.0 pm diameter, are developed 

from each small outer cortical cell (JN-5667d) 

(R. E. Norris, pers. comm.). 

Though sporadic in distribution, the species can 

be abundant where found. It was particularly common at 20-23 m depths off Isla Mejia and Roca 

Blanca, Puerto Refugio, Isla Angel de la Guarda. 

Field observations suggest that the plant develops 

subtidally, attached to rocks and large pieces of 

shell. Large plants can become abraded and detached, possibly due to grazing or prevailing currents. The drifting plants and fragments become 

entangled with other algae, often at shallower 

levels (5-15m), and appear to continue to grow 

there. Such entangled specimens were found at 

6.14 m depth, off Punta La Gringa, Bahia de Los 

Angeles, 28 Apr 1974, JN-5449 (US), (leg. JN and 

KB) and off the southeast end of Isla San Esteban, 

6.1-9 m depths, 25 Apr 1974, JN-5727 (US) and 

JN-5538 (WTU, ARIZ, UC, US), (both leg. JN). 

Pugetia mexicana Dawson 

FIGURE 10 

Puget ia mex icana Daivson, 1966b: 62, 

This species was previously known only from a 

few collections (Dawson, 196613; J. Norris, 1972). 

Numerous richly developed specimens, however, 

were collected during the cruise. Whereas Dawson’s 

material was 4-6 cm in height, our specimens 

measured as much as 20 cm tall and 35 cm wide. 

The branching pattern of both is similar. The 

blades are deeply divided and subdichotomous to 

irregularly lobed in the upper portions; the apices 

are round. R. E. Norris (pers. comm.) has found the 

FIGURE 10.-An exceptionally large cystocarpic specimen of Pugetia mexicana from Isla Mejfa 

(JN-5672). 
14 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 

female reproductive systems of both sized plants to 

be the same. Until more studies can be made on 

fresh material, it seems best to regard large and 

small specimens as conspecific. 

The collections at Isla Mejia (lat. 29O33’35”, 

long. 113”4’52’’), 15.1-22.7 m depth, 23 Apr 1974, 

JN-5668 (MEXU, ARIZ, WTU, US, UC) and JN5672 (TVTU, US, MEXU, ARIZ, GMS, AHFH), 

(leg. JN) extend the known distribution northward 

from Isla San Lorenzo del Sur (Dawson, 196613). 

This species was also collected from the following 

cruise localities: off the west side of Roca Blanca, 

Puerto Refugio, 9-22 m depth, 21 Apr 1974, JN5281 (US) and JN-5303 (AHFH), (leg. JN, J. Paul, 

and K. Robertson); off small islet, Puerto Refugio, 

21 Apr 1974, JN-5362 (US, UC), (leg. JN); northwest of rock window on shore, Puerto Refugio, 22 

Apr 1974, JN-5816 (US, UC), (leg. JN and KB); 

south end of Isla Estanque, 1-10.6 m depth, 27 Apr 

1974, JN-5500 (US), (leg. JN and KB); Punta La 

Gringa, Bahia de Los Angeles, 1-7.6 m depth, 28 

Apr 1974, JN-5427 (US, UC, AHFH), (leg. JN and 

KB); southeast end of Isla San Esteban, 4.5 m depth, 

26 Apr 1974, JN-5516 (US) and JN-5517 (UC), (leg. 

KB). 

GIGARTINALES 

NEMASTOMATACEAE 

Predaea rnasonii (Setchell and Gardner) De Toni f. 

FIGURE 6c 

Predaeo rrrcrwnu (5etchell and Gardner) De Toni f., 1936:[5]. 

The species was previously known from the 

southern Gulf of California (Dawson, 1961a). Xfaterial recently collected from the north side of 

Puerto Calamajue (lat. 29”42’12”, long. 114°10’00’’), 

10 m depth, 28 Mar 1973, JN-4699 (US), (leg. JN 

and KB) now adds this alga to the northern Gulf’s 

flora. 

Other northern Gulf collections include: off the 

west side of Roca Blanca, Puerto Refugio, Isla 

Angel de la Guarda, 22.7 m depth, 21 Apr 1974, JN5295 (US), (leg. JN); northwest of rock window on 

shore, Puerto Kefugio, 9 ni depth, 21 Apr 1974, 

JN-5300 (US), JN-5335 (UC), JN-5347 (GMS), (leg. 

JN) and epiphytic on worm tube, JN-5308 (US), 

(leg. JN and KB); south end of Isla Estanque, 

10.6 m depth, 27 Apr 1974, JN-5607 (US), JN-5509 

(US), JN-5510 (US) and JN-5511 (US), (leg. JN 

and KB); Islas de 10s Gemelos, Bahia de Los Angeles, 21 May 1972, JN-3006a (US, NCU), (leg. JN 

and G. Boehlert). 

Though we have not seen the type specimen 

(from Isla Clarion, Revilla Gigedo Arch ipielago), 

Setchell and Gardner described Clarionea rnasonii 

as a “single rather shapeless mass of jelly” (1930: 

175). A few of our specimens resemble this form, 

however, the majority are lobed, similar to those 

of Dawson (1961a). Most of the present material 

differs from those previously described by Dawsoii 

(1961a) in being deeply divided (Figure 6c). 

SEBDENI ACEAE 

Sebdenia polydactyla (Boergesen) Balakrishnan 

FIGURES lla-c, 12a-c 

Sebde~iin polydnctyfn (Boergesen) Balakrishnan, 1960:89. 

New to the Gulf of California, this alga was 

discovered during scuba surveys off Islas de 10s 

Gemelos, Bahia de Los Angeles, 24.6 m depth, 21 

May 1972, JN-3007 (US, NCU), (leg. JN and G. 

Boehlert). This is the first record of the occurrence 

of this genus on the west coast of North America. 

Plants from the Gulf of California are subcylindrical, dichotomously branched fronds, to 21 cm 

tall. They are rose-red to dark purple-red in color, 

elastic and tough in texture. Branching is repeatedly 

dichotomous (or sometimes irregularly dichotomous 

in older, grazed or damaged fronds); small marginal 

proliferations are rarely present. The first frond 

division is 2.5-4.0 cm above a 24 mm broad discoid 

holdfast. Branch intervals between successive dichotomies vary from 1.3 to 3.5 cm; branch width is 

0.5-1.1 cm, but occasionally 1.6 (2.3) cm broad 

below the forks. Branch apices are blunt or broadly 

rounded. 

Internally the thallus is organized into a wide 

medulla of stellate cells and filaments, and a narrow 

cortex of 4-5(-7) cells. The outer cortex is composed of small pigmented cells, 3-6 ,um diameter 

and 3.0-12.5 pm long. These grade into the larger 

and more loosely arranged subcortical cells, 20-30 

pm diameter. In the outer medulla the stellate cells 
NUMBER 34 15 

FIGURE 11.-Sebdenia Polydactyla showing different growth forms: a, from Isla la Ventana, 

Bahia de Los Angeles (JN-44300) rose-red in color with blunt apices; b, portion of a cystocarpic plant (JN-44300); c, collected at Isla Mejia (JN-5671) dark purple-red in color with 

broadly rounded apices. 

are closely placed and markedly ganglioid. The 

center of these cells is 12-23 pm diameter, with 

short rays to 30 pm long. Toward the inner medulla 

the stellate cells are more loosely arranged, the 

center 18-40 pm diameter, and the rays becoming 

progressively longer, 130-180(-300) pm in length 

and 5-20 pm diameter. Filaments, 3-10 pm diameter, are irregularly placed throughout the medulla. Densely staining “gland cells”, 5-12.5 pm 

diameter, 7.5-20 pm long, are occasionally present 

on the center and rays of the stellate cells, as well 

as the filaments. 

Tetrasporangia are cruciately divided, spherical 

to vertically elongated, (13-)I8 pm wide, 20(-31) 

pm long, and borne in the cortex. 

Dioecious in the Gulf of California, cystocarpic 

plants were collected at 7.6-18 m depth, Isla la 

Ventana, Bahia de Los Angeles, 27 Ju1 1973, JN44309 (GMS, US, UC), (leg. JN, M. Helvey and 

H. Sleeper). Cystocarps are scattered over the middle portions of the thallus. They are 180-310 pm 

in diameter and immersed within the cortex. The 

ostiole is slightly projecting beyond the thallus 

surface, but is not always readily visible in dried 

material. In transection, cystocarps (Figure 12b,c) 

are enclosed by vertical rows of from 5 to 7 cortical 

cells; the basal portion shows large, dense, irregularly shaped cells, staining deeply with aniline 

blue. These appear to be fusion cells. 

Sebdenia polydactyla is known from widespread 

geographical areas. Described originally as Halymenia polydactyla (Boergesen, 1932) from India, it 

is also reported under this name in Japan (Yamada, 

1938; Segawa, 1968) and more recently from North 

Carolina, (Schneider and Searles, 1975). In his 

studies of monoecious material from the typelocality Balakrishnan (1960, 1961) concluded that 

H. polydactyla should be placed in Sebdenia. The 

major difference between Sebdenia (Gigartinales) 

and Halymenia (Cryptonemiales) is found in the 

female reproductive system. Ampullae present in 

Halymenia are lacking in Sebdenia. Other important differences in Sebdenia include the development of the outer cortical cells into an arched wall 

above the cystocarp, and the presence below of nutritive tissue (dense fusion cells) (Balakrishnan, 
16 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 

FIGURE 12.-Transections of Sebdenia polydactyla: a, through the cortical and medullary 

layers, showing the deeply stained “gland cell” on the large stellate cell of the inner medulla 

(JN-33980); b, through a mature cystocarp with ostiole, showing the arched wall composed 

of anticlinal rows of cortical cells (JN-44309); c, through a developing cystocarp, showing the 

densely stained basal fusion (nutritive) cells (JN-4430 9 ). 

1961). These features are found in H. polydactyla 

and on this basis Balakrishnan (1960) transferred it 

to the genus Sebdenia in the Sebdeniaceae Kylin 

(1932; 1956). 

Sebdenia polydactyla is externally similar to 

Halymenia agardhii De Toni (1905). It differs 

vegetatively by the presence of “gland cells’’ and by 

its more rigid texture (Boergesen, 1932: 123; Balakrishnan, 1961). Balakrishnan (1961:205) has suggested that the dense “gland cells” of Boergesen 

are rhizoid initials. The stellate cells (Figure 12a) 

of S. polydactyla are larger, more numerous, and 

coarser, creating a denser medulla than those of 

H. agardhii. 

In other geographic areas color differences have 

been considered useful in distinguishing the vegetatively similar H. agardhii, rose in color, from S. 

polydactyla ( = H. polydactyla), a darker purplered (Boergesen, 1932; Segawa, 1968; Srinivasan, 

1969; Schneider and Searles, 1975). However, our 
NUMBER 34 17 

specimens of S. polydactyla varied from a light 

rose-red to a deep purple-red; hence, color differences seem of little value in the Gulf of California. Schneider and Searles (1975) have noted 

what may be another useful characteristic for distinguishing between these two. In their North 

Carolina collections the manner of branching was 

effective in separating these species. Halymenia 

agardhii branched in more than one plane while 

they did not observe this in S. polydactyla (as H. 

polydacty la). 

Since these two species, S. polydactyla and H. 

agardhii, are close in appearance, re-examination 

of the latter record from the Pacific coast seemed 

in order. Halymenia agardhii (Taylor, 1945; Dawson, 1954) from Isla Maria Magdalena, of Las Mas 

Tres Marias, off Nayarit, Mexico (W. R. Taylor 

39-646a, (US)), dredged from 21.5 m depth on 9 

May 1939, was found to be the same as the Gulf 

material and on the basis of its dense medulla with 

large stellate cells and “gland cells” we referred it to 

Sebdenia polydnctyla. Material from Isla Asuncibn, 

Pacific Baja California, 8-12 m depth, Dawson 

20389 (US), (leg. M. Neushul), 25 Aug 1957, having 

similar anatomy, is also now referred to S. polydactyla. 

This species has been collected throughout the 

Gulf of California, from Punta Pinto, vicinity of 

Puerto Penasco (lat. 31 020”0’’, long. 113°40’04’’), 

9 m depth, 17 Mar 1974, JN-5032 (US), (leg. JN, 

KB and D. Moore) to Caleta Santa Maria, northeast of Cab0 San Lucas (lat. 23OO4‘36’’, long. 

109O36’40‘’), 9 m depth, 11 Aug 1972, JN-3398 (US, 

UC), (leg. D. Lindquist). 

Additional collections include: Las Islas de la 

Cintura: 15.3-23.0 m depth, off east end of Isla 

Mejia, 23 Apr 1974, JN-5671 (US, UC, ARIZ), 

(leg. JN); 10.7 m depth, off south end of Isla Estanque, 27 Apr 1974, JN-5490 (US), (leg. JN and 

KB); 3-7.6 m depth, off southeast end of Isla San 

Esteban, 25 Apr 1974, JN-5550 (US, AHFH), (leg. 

Presently the known range of S. polydactyla on 

the West coast of North America is from central 

Pacific Baja California to Nayarit, Pacific Mexico, 

and throughout the Gulf of California. Halymenia 

agardhii is, for now, excluded from the flora of 

this area. 

JN). 

GRACILARI ACE AE 

Gracilaria tepocensis (Dawson) Dawson 

Gracilaria tepocensis (Dawson) Dawson, 1961a:211. 

Gulf collections of this species have been known 

only from dredged material (Dawson, 1944; 1961a), 

from Bahia Tepoca and Isla Estanque. A third 

collection has been reported from Agiabampo, SOnora (Dawson, 1966b). Total distribution includes 

Costa Rica (Dawson, 1961a) and Peru (Acleto, 

1973). The species is now recorded for the first 

time from Las Islas de la Cintura. 

Our diving surveys have revealed additional 

specimens and habitat information: Puerto Refugio, Isla Angel de la Guarda off small islet 4.5- 

10.7 m depth, JN-5356 (US), and NW of the rock 

window on shore, 6-9 m depth, JN-5336a (US, UC, 

ARIZ, AHFH), both 21 Apr 1974 (leg. JN and KB); 

and from the south end of Isla Estanque, shallow 

subtidal to 9 m depth, 27 Apr 1974, JN-5605 (US, 

UC), (leg. JN and KB). Our field observations 

make Dawson’s (1961a) dredged depth of 372 ft 

(114 m) a dubious habitat for attached intact 

plants. 

The recent specimens agree with Dawson’s description (1961a), but they are larger in size. His 

plants were 5-13 cm tall, mostly 2-3 mm wide, 

and branched at remote intervals of up to 4.5 cm 

apart. Present collections (JN-5336a) are up to 

25.5 cm tall, mostly 2-3 mm wide, but up to 5.5 

mm wide, and branched at intervals of up to 6 cm. 

GIGARTINACEAE 

Rhodoglossum hancockii Dawson 

FIGURE 13 

Rhodoglossurn hancockii Dawson, 1944: 304. 

The second known collection from the typelocality, Isla San Esteban, was made at a 3-7.6 m 

depth, 25 Apr 1974, JN-5563 3 (US), (leg. JN). This 

material closely resembles the type collection of 

Dawson (1944, pl. 71: fig. 1; 1961a). Rhodoglossum 

is a genus more commonly associated with temperate seas, and, in the Gulf, R. hancockii is apparently restricted to the cooler waters of Las Islas de 

la Cintura. 
18 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY 

RHODYMENIALES 

RHODYMENIACEAE 

Botryocladia hancockii Dawson 

FIGURE 6b 

Botryocladia hancockii Dawon, 1944:305. 

Originally described from Bahia Agua Verde, 

in the southern Gulf of California (Dawson, 1944), 

two additional collections from Bahia Salinas, Isla 

Carmen and Punta Frailes, both in the southern 

Gulf, were later reported by Dawson (1963a). The 

known distribution may now be extended northward to Isla Mejia, Puerto Refugio, Isla Angel de 

la Guarda (lat. 29”33’35’’, long. l13”4’52’’), 18.4 

m depth, 23 Apr 1974, JN-56850 (US, AHFH, 

ARIZ), (leg. JN). Other specimens were found at 

the south end of Isla Estanque, 10.7 m depth, 27 

Apr 1974, JN-5600 (US, UC), (leg. JN), and Isla 

Espiritu Santo, 8 Mar 1974, (9 : GMS), (leg. Rafael 

Guerrero, I. A. Abbott, pers. comm.). 

First described as up to 3.4 cm high (Dawson, 

1944), the size of this species was enlarged to 5 cm 

or more on additional specimens (Dawson, 1963a). 

Both plants, JN-5685 and JN-5600, are larger than 

earlier collections, 15 cm (profusely speckled with 

FIGURE 13.-Rhodoglossun~ hancockii: Cystocarpic thallus cystocarps) and 12 cm, respectively. This is an extraordinary species of Botyyocladia, bearing the 

largest recorded vesicles in the genus (Figure 6b). 

from the type-locality, Isla San Esteban (JN-5563). 

Another specimen from Isla San Pedro Nolasco 

was referred to this species by Dawson (1959). Our 

examination of this plant (Dawson 18553 (US), 25 

Apr 1958) has led us to conclude it is not R. 

hancockii. It appears to be closely related to the 

CERAMIALES 

CERAMI ACEAE 

Platythamnion pectinatum Kylin 

R. afine (Harvey) Kylin (1928) complex of the 

Pacific coast (see Dawson, 1961a; Smith, 1969). The 

San Pedro Nolasco specimen differs from R. hancockii by its small size, 4-5 cm tall, and narrow 

straplike fronds, (1-)2-3(-5) mm wide, which have 

subacute to blunt tips. New Gulf material is in close 

agreement with R. hancockii, a species with broadly 

expanded blades arising from a very short stipe, to 

20 cm tall and 5-8(12) cm wide, having dichotomous 

divisions that narrow in the uppermost portions 

to acute tips. An additional collection is recorded 

from the south side of Isla Patos (Dawson, 1949). 

Platy th am n ion pect inatu rn Kyl in, 1925 : 5 3. 

Several collections of this alga represent a northward extension of the known range from Isla San 

Lorenzo del Norte (Dawson, 1966b). Specimens 

were collected from the following cruise localities: 

off the east end of Isla Mejia, Puerto Refugio, Isla 

Angel de la Guarda (lat. 29O33’35”, long. 113O34’ 

52”), 15.3-23 m depth, 23 Apr 1974, JN-5697 (US) 

and JN-5698 (US), (leg. JN); off the west side of 

Roca Blanca, Puerto Refugio, Isla Angel de la 

Guarda, 23 m depth entangled with Sporochnus, 
NUMBER 34 19 

21 Apr 1974, JN-5263 (US), (leg. JN), and JN-5289 

(US), epiphytic on Dasya (leg. JN); and off the 

south end of Isla Estanque, 10.7 m depth, 27 Apr 

1974, JN-5522 (US), epiphytic on Sebdenia polydactyla (leg. JN and KB). One additional Gulf 

collection has been reported from Cab0 San Lucas, 

Baja California del Sur (Dawson, 1962; Wollaston, 

1972). 

DASYACEAE 

Dasya baillouviana var. nudicaulis 

(Dawson), new combination 

Dasya pedicellata var. nudicaulis Dawson, 1963b:406, pl. 128: 

fig. 1; pl. 131: fig. 6. 

Dixon and Irvine (1970) have shown that an 

earlier name for Dasya pedicellata (C. Agardh) C. 

Agardh (1824) is D. baillouviana (Gmelin) Montagne (1841). Accordingly new combinations are 

proposed for the two varieties of this species which 

occur in the Gulf of California. 

This variety was originally recognized by Dawson 

(1963b) as differing from var. stanfordiana by its 

nearly barren axis and sparse determinate lateral 

branches (filaments). He suggested this might be a 

deep water modification. Dixon and Irvine (1970) 

noted D. baillouviana, known from the Mediterranean and Atlantic Coast of North America, varys 

markedly in appearance seasonally. In spring and 

early summer the axes are densely covered with 

determinate lateral filaments, and in the autumn 

these filaments drop leaving the axes naked. During our April diving we found the two Gulf varieties growing sympatrically, however, the Gulf plants 

could have similar seasonal variation of habit. It 

seems best to continue to recognize the two varieties within the Gulf until their seasonal variation 

has been studied. 

R/V Dolphin specimens of this species generally 

agree with Dawson’s description (1963b) differing 

only in a few dimensions. The determinate laterals 

are much longer, up to 960 pm (previously noted 

to 500 pm), and our plants can be taller, to 38 cm 

long, as compared to the 20 cm plants described by 

Dawson. 

The material studied, representing a northern 

extension of known range, was collected at 15.3- 

21.5 m depths, off the west side of Roca Blanca, 

Puerto Refugio, Isla Angel de la Guarda (lat. 

29O33’04”, long. 1 13033’51N) 27 Apr 1974, JN-5800 

(US), (leg. JN). Previously this alga was known 

from Bahia de Los Angeles and from Puerto Escondido in the southern Gulf (Dawson, 1963b). 

Dasya baillouviana var. stanfordiana 

(Farlow), new combination 

Dasya stanfordiana Farlow, 1902:94. 

Day pedicellata var. stanfordiana (Farlow) Dawson, 1963b: 

407, pl. 128: fig. 3: pl. 130 [including cited synonymy]. 

This alga has been known from numerous localities in the Gulf of California (Dawson, 196313). Its 

known range is now expanded northward by a collection at Playa Hermosa, Puerto Penasco (lat. 

31°17’42’’, long. 113”4’48’’), epiphytic on Galaxazm, intertidal, 7 Sep 1972, JN-3492 (US), (leg. JN 

and KB) and southward by the collection at Caleta 

Santa Maria, NE. of Cab0 San Lucas, Baja California del Sur (lat. 23O04‘36’!, long. 109036’40N), 

epiphytic on Digenia simplex, 4.5-9 m depth, 11 

Aug 1972, JN-3409b (US), (leg. D. Lindquist). 

The R/V Dolphin specimens add these additional 

new localities: Punta La Gringa, Bahia de Los 

Angeles, 7.6 m depth, 28 Apr 1974, JN-5441 (US, 

UC), JN-5432 (UC, AHFH), and JN-5475 (US), 

(leg. JN, KB, J. Paul, and K. Robertson); east end 

of Isla Mejia, 15.3-21.5 m depth, 23 Apr 1974, JN5673 (ARIZ, US), (leg. JN); and the south end 

of Isla Estanque, 10.7 m depth, 27 Apr 1974, JN5503 (MEXU), and JN-5603 (US), (leg. JN and 

KB). (Dawson 1963 lists other localities.) 
Literature Cited 

Abbott, I. A., and G. J. Hollenberg 

In press. Marine Algae of California. Stanford University 

Press. 

Abbott, I. A., and E. H. Williamson 

1974. Limw: An Ethnobotanical Study of Some Edible 

Hawaiian Seaweeds. 21 pages. Hawaii: Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden. 

Las Algas Marinas del Peru. Boletin de la Sociedad 

Peruana de Botanica, 6(1/2):1-164. 

Acleto O., C. 

1973. 

Agardh, C. A. 

1820. Fucoideae. Volume 1 (part 1) of Species algarum: 

Rite cognitae, cum synonymis, diflerentiis specificis et 

descriptionibus succinctis. [iv] + 168 pages. Lund. 

1824. Systema Algarum. xxxviii + 312 pages. Lund. 

1850. 

Areschoug, J. E. 

Phycearum, quae in maribus scandinaviae crescunt, 

enumeratio: Sectio posterior Ulvaceas continens. 

Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, 

series 2, 14:385454. 

Reproduction in Some Indian Red Algae and Their 

Taxonomy. Pages 85-98 in P. Kachoo, editor, Proceedings of the Symposium on Algology, Delhi, 1959. 

New Delhi: Indian Council of Agricultural Research. 

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