SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY • NUMBER 12

An Introduction to the Botanical Type Specimen Register

*Stanwyn G. Shetler*

with Mary Jane Petrini, Constance Graham Carley, M. J. Harvey, Larry E. Morse, Thomas E. Kopfler, and Collaborators

**ABSTRACT**

Shetler, Stanwyn G., with Mary Jane Petrini, Constance Graham Carley, M. J. Harvey, Larry E. Morse, Thomas E. Kopfler, and Collaborators. An Introduc tion to the Botanical Type Specimen Register. *Smithsonian Contributions to Botany,* number 12, 186 pages, 3 figures, frontispiece, 1973.—In the first part, the development of a computer-based system for storing and retrieving information about botanical type specimens is described from its pilot stage to its present operational stage. The concept, purpose, and scope are explained, and the operational procedures are outlined. Ways of using and contributing to this computerized register of types, both in the short-run and in the long-run, are proposed. A statistical summary of the content of the Type Register as of 30 September 1972 is given. Over 13,000 specimens representing more than 10,000 taxa have been registered. The second part consists of a Catalog of more than’ 1,000 specimens representing over 600 taxa of the genus *Carex* (Cyperaceae), which are deposited in ten major American herbaria, and the Catalog is cross-indexed five different ways: by author, publication date, collector, country, and herbarium. An introduction summarizes the preparation and editing of the Catalog. This *Carex* Catalog represents the first published installment of the Type Register and as such is intended to serve as an example.

COLLABORATORS

Listed here by institution are the persons who have collaborated in the compiling of data from their respective herbaria for the *Carex* Catalog:

*California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California 94118; Stanford University (Dudley Herbarium), Stanford, California 94305; University of California (Herbarium), Berkeley, California 94720*

Dr. John H. Thomas, Associate Professor of Biological Sciences and Curator of Dudley Herbarium (Stanford), Curator of Botany (Academy), and compiler of data at Berkeley; assisted by Dr. Margaret Sharp

*Field Museum of Natural History, Roosevelt Road at Lakeshore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605*

Dr. William C. Burger, Associate Curator of Vascular Plants; assisted by Mr. Ronald L. Liesner

*Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138*

Dr. Richard A. Howard, Director, Arnold Arboretum; Dr. Reed C. Rollins, Asa Gray Professor of Systematic Botany and Director of the Gray Herbarium

*Missouri Botanical Garden, 2315 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110*

Dr. Walter H. Lewis, Senior Botanist, Professor of Biology (Washington University); assisted by Dr. Raymond F. Altevogt

*New York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, New York 10458*

Dr. Howard S. Irwin, Director; Dr. Patricia Kern Holmgren, Associate Curator and Herbarium Administrator; Dr. Noel H. Holmgren, Associate Curator

*Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 20560*

Dr. Mason E. Hale, Curator of Cryptogams; Dr. Dan H. Nicolson, Associate Curator of Phanerogams

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution’s annual report, *Smithsonian Year.* SI PRESS NUMBER 4783. SERIES COVER DESIGN: Leaf clearing from the katsura tree *Cercidiphyllum japonicum* Siebold and Zuccarini.

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Shetler, Stanwyn G.

An introduction to the botanical type specimen register.

(Smithsonian contributions to botany, no. 12.)

Bibliography: p.

1. Information storage and retrieval systems—Botany—Type specimens. 2. Carex. I. Title. II. Title: Botanical type specimen register. III. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions to botany, no. 12.

QK1.S2747 no. 12 [Z699.5.B6] 581’.08s[579] 72-11706

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 Price $2.85 domestic postpaid or $2.50 GPO Bookstore

# **Foreword**

It always has been the policy of the United States National Herbarium to make its collections as easily available as possible. We have welcomed visitors and loaned specimens on request since the founding of our herbarium. Now, in an effort to make our collections even more accessible, we have undertaken a new project to compile a computerized catalog of our type collection of approximately 65,000 specimens. Eventually, we hope to broaden this catalog, which we are calling the “Botanical Type Specimen Register,” to include the type collections of many other institutions so that it will serve as a union listing of types. Already we have enlisted the cooperation of other institutions, and the computer file presently includes records from more than a score of herbaria.

The United States National Herbarium, a worldwide collection of plants now totaling some 3 million specimens, is administered by the Smithsonian Institution’s Department of Botany, a unit of the National Museum of Natural History. The Department of Botany has played a pioneering role in the development of the Museum’s active program in data processing. The Type Register is the Museum’s first operational effort in cooperative, multi-institutional (network) data banking and, as such, is of special interest. If this approach to common data banking proves successful, it will point the way for many cooperative efforts in other branches of natural history.

Although the Type Register is still very much in its infancy, we are zealous to demonstrate its potential to the botanical community with a tangible product so that we can receive advice and counsel from the community on the basis of concrete results while the data bank is still small and susceptible to modification. This publication should prove useful in itself as a catalog of type specimens of *Carex,* particularly to specialists on the family Cyperaceae. The larger purpose, however, in issuing a preliminary catalog of limited scope at this time is to demonstrate the concept of the Type Register in concrete terms and thereby to solicit the collaboration of all plant systematists in molding the Register into an effective, scholarly tool for future generations of the profession.

The computer file presently registers over 13,500 type specimens, representing some 10,500 vascular plant taxa. Thus the *Carex* Catalog, with its 1,000 specimens and 600 taxa, is a printout of less than 10 percent of the current, rapidly growing file. Less formal and less expensive means of putting out the information will be tried with future installments, and it may become desirable or necessary at some point to begin publishing in microform. Perhaps the most common and economical mode of disseminating the accumulated information will be to provide computer printouts to individual users in response to queries for up-to-the-minute reports on specific taxonomic groups. Once the data bank is well established query service can be provided to any user for a modest fee.

We welcome your reaction to the concept of the Botanical Type Specimen Register on the basis of this sample. Only with the backing of the botanical community can we continue to get the necessary financial support to carry on the work.

EDWARD S. AYENSU, *Chairman*

Department of Botany

30 September 1972

# Contents

Foreword

THE BOTANICAL TYPE SPECIMEN REGISTER

Stanwyn G. Shetler

Introduction

Acknowledgments

Concept and Purpose of Type Register

Scope of Register

Procedures and Standards

Source of Data

Instructions for Contributors

Record Format and Content

Level 1—Taxon Data

Family

Genus and Genus Synonym

Species

Infraspecific Taxon

Author

Title

Level 2—Collection Data

Collector (s)

Collection Number

Collection Date (s)

Geographic Data Fields

Level 3—Specimen Data

Herbarium Abbreviation

Herbarium Sheet Number

Kind of Type

Data Source Code

Processing System

Paper Tape System

On-Line System

Optical Scanning System

Magnetic Tape System

Computer Processing System

Statistical Summary of Type Register Contents

Use of Type Register

A CATALOG OF THE GENUS*Carex* (CYPERACEAE)

Stanwyn G. Shetler *(Editor)* ; Mary Jane Petrini, Constance Graham Carley, M. J. Harvey, Larry E. Morse *(Assistant Editors)* ; Thomas E. Kopfler *(Programmer) ;* and Collaborators

Contributing Institutions

Data-Collection Procedure

Editorial Process

Milestone Events

Use of *Carex* Catalog *Carex* Catalog

Errata

Statistical Summary of Catalog

Catalog of Specimens

Author Index

Publication-Date Index

Collector Index

Geographic Index

Herbarium Index

Bibliography

# An Introduction to the Botanical Type Specimen Register1

Stanwyn G. Shetler, with Mary Jane Petrini, Constance Graham Carley, M. J. Harvey, Larry E. Morse, Thomas E. Kopfler, and Collaborators

# The Botanical Type Specimen Register

STANWYN G. SHETLER

*Stanwyn G. Shetler, Department of Botany, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560; same address: Mary Jane Petrini; Constance Graham Carley (née Graham) (present address: 215 Collier Rd., Atlanta, Georgia 30309) ; M. J. Harvey (present address: Department of Biology, Dal-housie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia) ; Larry E. Morse (present address: Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138) ; Thomas E. Kopfler.*

# **Introduction**

The Botanical Type Specimen Register is a computer-based system for recording information about type specimens of plant species and infraspecific taxa, which is designed to become a union registry of type holdings in the world’s herbaria. It introduces a new dimension to the management of herbarium collections. Through the use of advanced information processing methods, critical data are compiled from the herbarium and library and merged into a common, machine-searchable file from which catalogs can be printed or special queries, defined by complex selection criteria, can be answered rapidly on demand. As a result, future taxonomic investigators will be able to learn the whereabouts of type specimens of particular concern to them and obtain answers to certain basic questions without painstaking research or time-consuming travel or correspondence.

The Type Register was conceived by Mason E. Hale, who organized a pilot project in 1968 while he was chairman of the Smithsonian’s Department of Botany. This was one of several projects that Hale initiated as chairman to introduce electronic data processing (EDP) to collection management in the United States National Herbarium. (For a description of his automated system for recording specimen exchanges, see Hale and Creighton, 1970; the pilot Type Register project is described in Shetler et al., 1971.) At the outset, the author and Flora North America (FNA) personnel assisted in the development of the pilot system, and the project, though separate, has continued until the present to be associated closely with the FNA program (Shetler and Meadow, 1971). After launching the pilot effort, Hale, while continuing his involvement on an advisory level, passed the supervisory responsibility to the author, who continues to direct the work.

The project was initiated with special funds. In fiscal year 1969 and 1970, limited allocations of regular funds of the National Museum of Natural History were made through the Department of Botany, but regular budgeting did not begin until FY–71 (1 July 1970–30 June 1971) when the Museum organized a new, Museum-wide program in data processing and incorporated the Type Register as one of the charter projects. These projects are controlled by the respective departments, but the overall program is coordinated and managed by James F. Mello, Assistant Director.

The response to the several requests for participation during the pilot phase was excellent, showing general interest among botanists and convincing Hale and others at the Smithsonian of the potential value of a type-specimen register and of the botanical community’s willingness to collaborate to the fullest extent possible in creating a register along the lines conceived. From the preliminary experiments much was learned about the logistical problems and the costs and manpower requirements of network data banking. The Smithsonian necessarily is concentrating present operations on its own type collections of about 65,000 specimens. The system is designed, however, to accept data from any institution at any time, and as long as the inflow remains on a small scale, data from other institutions can be added to the central file by the present staff more or less as they are received. It is hoped that as interest in collaboration grows support commensurate to the interest will be forthcoming both for the central operation and for participating institutions.

The second part of this paper represents the first published installment of the Type Register. It is a provisional union catalog of the type specimens of the genus *Carex* on deposit in ten major American herbaria (see “Contributing Institutions”) and a concrete example of cooperative data banking.

In FY–72, the year that ended on 30 June 1972, the Type Register project finally was put on a solid footing. Midway through this year it was possible for the first time in the four-year history of the project to staff adequately by employing three full-time persons (two assistant editors and a data conversion operator) and also to have adequate funds to process regularly. Prior to January 1970, the pilot project was carried on intermittently as funds were available by one to three part-time employees, and from January 1970 to December 1971 the project advanced on a more or less continuous, operational basis with the assistance of one, two, and occasionally three full-time persons, the number depending again on available money. During the pilot effort, the computer analysis, programming, and file processing were done on a part-time basis, as needed, by personnel of the Smithsonian Information Systems Division, and since the project has become operational this work has been performed on a similar basis by FNA personnel so as to keep the Type Register system compatible with the FNA system.

From the beginning Hale planned for the inclusion of data from an indefinite and constantly growing number of other institutions and actively sought such collaboration. In one test of the feasibility of multi-institutional input, he distributed a computer-printed set of 52 cards, representing a card catalog of the National Herbarium’s complete type holdings in the genus *Mimulus* (Scrophu-lariaceae), to each of 50 large herbaria in the United States and abroad and solicited their cooperation in providing similar data from their own type collections, if any, of *Mimulus.* A second major test involved sending a computer-printed card catalog of the National Herbarium’s complete type holdings in the family *Lamiaceae* (Labiatae) to the University of California, Los Angeles, where Carl Epling’s extensive type collections in this family are deposited, and later to the Missouri Botanical Garden and the New York Botanical Garden. All three institutions cooperated in providing data from their own collections of types in this family. The latter two institutions continued thereafter to collaborate as much as possible on other taxonomic groups, and, apart from the Smithsonian itself, they have been the institutions with the greatest involvement in the Type Register project.

Certainly, no claim to completeness can be made for a catalog that concerns a single genus and only one percent (10/1000) of the world’s public institutional herbaria (Shetler, 1969). “Usefulness” is the pragmatic criterion for compilation and publication of the Type Register, however, and usefulness is dependent on critical mass, not absolute coverage. Clearly it is unrealistic to think that the Type Register could *ever* achieve absolute completeness, registering *all* type specimens for *all* published taxa in *all* of the world’s herbaria, and the Register has not been conceived on this false premise. The Register is being created on the assumption that some information is better than no information and that a catalog of ten type collections is more useful than a catalog of one type collection. Although it must be admitted that the coverage is very uneven among the ten herbaria contributing to the *Carex* Catalog, for example, nevertheless this Catalog tells us more than we have ever known before about the *Carex* type collections of the participating institutions and provides a solid framework to which new information can be added as it becomes available from these or any other institutions.

The concept of a type register is not new. Already in the mid-1980s, A. S. Hitchcock of the Smithsonian Institution, in his capacity as chairman of the Committee on Nomenclature of the Botanical Society of America, coordinated the compilation of information on the location of type specimens. Lists of authors of new names, indicating the major group (s) of plants they described (e.g., phanerogams) and the herbaria where they deposited their types, were compiled (Hitchcock et al., 1934, 1935). Other members of the Committee in 1934 were L. R. Abrams, J. C. Arthur, A. W. Evans, J. M. Greenman, M. A. Howe, E. D. Merrill, F. W. Pennell, and C. L. Shear. “The Committee is not attempting to decide what specimens are types nor to determine the identity of types,” Hitchcock wrote in 1934; “it is attempting only to aid botanists in their search for types.” His words can only be reiterated in the present context. Other recent efforts to catalog types have been made in connection with specimen-data retrieval projects in the herbarium or museum (e.g., Beschel and Soper, 1970; Collier, 1971; Crovello, 1972).

Information processing technology has advanced far since the days of the first applications in biology, when the limitations of the computer led to some unfortunate consequences, as thoughtfully analyzed, for example, in reviews by Wood et al. (1963) and Rollins (1966) of some early applications in plant taxonomy. We make no pretense of having avoided all the pitfalls cataloged by these reviewers, but we have tried to make good use of their advice. If we have learned anything so far, we have learned that no one can design the perfect system on the first trial. Every operational system is at the same time a pilot system for an even more advanced and refined, next-generation system.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.—Without the inspiration and genius of Mason E. Hale the Type Register would not exist. While chairman of the Smithsonian’s Department of Botany (1967–69), he had not only the foresight to inaugurate this computer application but also the fortitude to persist with administrative support for it when others did not always share his vision nor his optimism for its potential value. The continuing support of Richard S. Cowan, former Director, National Museum of Natural History, and of Hale’s successor as chairman, Edward S. Ayensu, have been crucial in puting the project on a stable footing. The Assistant Director, James F. Mello, and his assistant, David Bridge, deserve much credit for laying the budgetary groundwork that has brought the project to its present viable and relatively healthy state, and for facilitating its administration. From his vantage point as overseer of all EDP projects in the National Museum of Natural History, including the Type Register, Mello has provided stimulating and wise counsel, as well as constant encouragement and help.

Many curators have contributed in some way to the development of the Type Register thus far, especially in the course of the multi-institutional data-collecting experiment with *Mimulus,* conducted by Hale, and their cooperation is hereby gratefully acknowledged. Those curators and their assistants who participated directly in the compilation of data for the *Carex* Catalog are listed earlier as “Collaborators.” Among them, Hale, Irwin, Lewis, and Nicolson have taken a dedicated personal interest in the success of the Type Register from the beginning and have in effect constituted a standing advisory editorial board. In their respective institutions, they have played a role in all of the data compilation that has been done for the Register thus far, regardless of the taxonomic group. As a Smithsonian colleague, Nicolson has been a steadfast supporter of the project, showing deep interest in the work itself and sharing his time and seemingly inexhaustible nomenclatural knowledge willingly and unselfishly whenever there has been need, which often has been daily. John H. Thomas raised enthusiasm for the Type Register to a new level when, as a result of his collaboration on the *Carex* Catalog, he began to ask specialists borrowing from the collections he curates to compile data for the Register from type specimens loaned to them and to affix an annotation label of his own design to each, which reads, “The written information on this specimen has been abstractedfor the TYPE REGISTER PROJECT by ________ __________________________ on___________.”

With respect to the editorship of the *Carex* Catalog, Carley, who served the FNA program and the Type Register project from December 1969 to April 1971, and Petrini, who is the senior technical editor of the Type Register project, assisted Shetler with the day-to-day *technical* editing. Harvey and Morse assisted him with the *botanical* editing during the year that each spent working at the Smithsonian on the FNA program—1969–70 and 1971–72, respectively. Harvey provided botanical supervision of the data-capture operation during the initial input of *Carex* records from the Missouri Botanical Garden, New York Botanical Garden, and the U.S. National Herbarium. He directed the two-week, on-site input effort at the New York Botanical Garden in June 1970, which involved other genera besides *Carex.* Cynthia N. Ostroff of the *Index Nominum Genericorum* project assisted part-time at the Smithsonian in the technical editing of the *Carex* data from Harvard University. Marilyn Andraeson helped with the data compilation at the Missouri Botanical Garden, while similar assistance was rendered by Zella Ellshoff, Robert Helliwig, and Gail Johnson at the New York Botanical Garden.

At least part of the *Carex* Catalog was examined in near final form by Frederick J. Hermann of the U.S. Forest Service Herbarium at Fort Collins, Colorado, and Tetsuo Koyama of the New York Botanical Garden, specialists on *Carex* and the family Cyperaceae, respectively. Although both provided helpful comments, they should not be held responsible in any way for the final Catalog, because neither was able to devote the enormous amount of time that would have been required to check the file authoritatively. This responsibility rests with the editors and collaborators.

Several specialists at the New York Botanical Garden have provided data to the Type Register for groups other than *Carex:* Caroline Allen (Lau-raceae: a few records of selected taxa), Patricia Kern Holmgren (Brassicaceae: *Draba, Thlaspi),* Tetsuo Koyama (Cyperaceae: a few records of selected taxa), John T. Mickel (Schizaeaceae: *Anemia* subgenus *Coptophyllum* and segregate genera), and Ghillean T. Prance (Chrysobalanceae, Dichapetalaceae). (See also “Statistical Summary of Type Register Contents.”) Holmgren has been the one chiefly responsible for coordination at the working level of the New York Botanical Garden’s collaboration in the Type Register project. Mildred E. Mathias, Director, Botanical Gardens-Herbarium, supervised the compilation of data on types of the family Lamiaceae at the University of California, Los Angeles, early in the project. Bruce MacBryde assisted in the compilation of the data for this family and for the genus *Mimulus* at the Missouri Botanical Garden. Other botanists who deserve mention for playing a part in the project at the Smithsonian are Amy Jean Gilmartin, Monterey Peninsula College, Monterey, California, and Miloslav Kovanda, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague, who spent the years 1969–70 and 1970–71, respectively, with the FNA program.

The FNA Editorial Committee (John H. Beaman, Walter H. Lewis, John McNeill, John T. Mickel, Peter H. Raven, Stanwyn G. Shetler, Roy L. Taylor, John H. Thomas) has taken a deep interest in the Type Register project from the outset and provided financial and material support through the FNA program, as well as invaluable advice and encouragement. A report on progress has been given at every meeting of the Committee since the Register was organized, and much time has been devoted to evaluation of the present and future development of the Register.

The pilot processing system was designed by Reginald Creighton, Manager of Information Storage and Indexing, and programmed by Willard Handley, both of the Smithsonian’s Information Systems Division. Creighton worked closely with Hale to develop the pilot system, which served the original purposes well, and the Type Register would not exist if it had not been for Creighton’s pioneering insight and dedication. When the project became more closely associated with the FNA systems effort, Harriet R. Meadow, Systems Development Manager of FNA, designed the present operational system in its general outlines. Kopfler has been responsible for the detailed design and

FIGURE 1.—Stages in the preparation of records for the Type Register: *a,* Constance Carley checks nomenclatural data in the Gray Herbarium Card Index; *b,* Mary Jane Petrini enters corrections into the computer via a remote typewriter terminal connected by telephone (photos *a* and *b* by Walter G. Peter III); *c,* type specimens of the genus *Viola* (Violaceae) are examined and discussed with respect to the problems of recording them in the Type Register by (left to right) M. J. Harvey, John T. Mickel, and Harriet R. Meadow in the herbarium at the New York Botanical Garden (photo by New York Botanical Garden) .

programming and for the maintenance and querying of the machine files. Morse wrote the COBOL program for concatenating the data into the paragraph form used in the *Carex* Catalog. Meadow’s analysis and design resolved some basic unforeseen problems that arose after using the pilot system for a time, and her efforts resulted in the operational system that continues to serve very well. She has played a crucial role in the success of the project and continues to provide advice and guidance on matters of systems development. Several botanists who also have experience with computer applications have provided valuable advice from time to time: Theodore J. Crovello, University of Notre Dame; David J. Rogers, University of Colorado; and James H. Soper, National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa.

Technical help in editing and capturing data has been given by the following persons, listed in the order in which they were hired, some as employees of FNA and others as employees of the Type Register project: John Bolduc, Nancy Howard, Barbara Bryant, Grace Rickard, Edna Montford, Mary Beth Moore, Barbara Halter, Gudrun Christenson, and Rita Abessinio. Julia E. Taylor and Liliosa Mangosing Evangelista have been cheerfully indispensable in discharging the myriad clerical and administrative tasks without which a project of this nature could never succeed.

In addition to receiving regular budgetary support on an increasing scale from the Smithsonian Institution, the Type Register project has been funded in part by the National Science Foundation through grants made to the American Institute of Biological Sciences (GB–8441, GN–812, GB–26173) and to the Smithsonian Institution (GB–31715 and contract C–720) for the FNA program, the Smithsonian Research Foundation (grants Sg0621054, Sg0621054/Cl and Sg0621054/C2), and the Smithsonian Office of Systematics.

# **Concept and Purpose of Type Register**

Perhaps 200 million specimens are on deposit in the more than one thousand public herbaria in the world, and scattered among these vast collections may be as many as 4 million type specimens (Shetler, 1969; Shetler et al., 1971). North American herbaria alone probably contain more than a halfmillion types. Likewise the original publications describing new plant taxa and establishing their types are myriad and scattered through the world’s literature. The taxonomist who wishes to make a scholarly study of a group of species, including an investigation of their typification, faces the formidable task of locating the relevant original descriptions and type specimens. Fortunately for him, two standard indices, *Index Kewensis* (Rouleau, 1970; Meikle, 1971) and the *Gray Herbarium (Card) Index* (Shaw, 1971), and various standard library catalogs and union listings are readily available to guide him to the pertinent literature. No similar indices exist, however, to guide the taxonomist to the pertinent type specimens. To find types he first must search the original literature case by case for indications or clues and then, through travel or correspondence, continue his search in herbaria among the specimens themselves. Even with the original descriptions in hand the specialist often faces great difficulties in trying to determine where the types are deposited. The modern literature still shows an astonishing lack of standardization in the way types are designated and their herbarium deposition indicated.

What the taxonomist needs, therefore, is a *finder’s guide* to the type holdings of at least the world’s major herbaria. This guide should be indexed primarily by taxon but also cross-indexed several ways, and it should include citations of the original publications and basic collection data as provided by the specimen label and/or published description. Such an index ultimately would incorporate and enhance the functions of *Index Kewensis* and the *Gray Herbarium Index.* This type of registry could become effective at once for newly published taxa if taxonomists would agree to require registration of all new taxa and type depositions at the time of publication as a condition for effective publication. Furthermore, the registry, if computerized, would be the logical central repository for specialists’ annotations on typification, especially with respect to lectotypification and neotypification. Plant taxonomy desperately needs an effective central place and straight-forward procedure for registering lectotypes, neotypes, and specialists’ conclusions about other kinds of types.

The Botanical Type Specimen Register, as conceived, therefore, is to serve primarily as a finder’s guide for locating type specimens. The secondary function, however, is to serve as a guide to the original descriptions of the registered taxa and to provide collection data for the registered specimens. The specimen information necessarily is organized by taxonomic name. Thus the file is not purely a *specimen* register; the data are organized so as to constitute a three-level hierarchy: taxon, collection, specimen. A full entry (record) in the Register is, therefore, a synthesis of data from the herbarium and the library which cannot be completed without examining the original specimen *and* the original publication, as well as other specimens and publications as necessary. A record can be initiated with data from either the herbarium or the library and supplemented later by data from the other. To a degree this happens naturally as other institutions contribute to the initial record, but in any event years may elapse before all records of a given taxonomic group can be brought to relative completeness.

The development of the Type Register ultimately involves three stages: registration, verification, and validation.

The immediate objective is to initiate the computerized working file without getting bogged down in time-consuming researches to resolve challenges of the validity of the data. Such scholarly research is the province of specialists who may need years to resolve particularly difficult nomenclatural and typification questions, and the preparation of the kind of index envisaged here could never be accomplished if all questions had to be answered first and the compiled data had to be “perfect.” In the first stage, therefore, the primary goal is to record or *register* the facts more or less at face value as they are given by the available primary and/or secondary sources. Research and editing are kept to a minimum except where obvious discrepancies can be resolved without extensive investigation. The editing is restricted largely to formatting the data according to the technical standards of the processing system, and to standardizing the use of names, titles, and terms in key fields.

The second stage is to *verify* all data by firsthand examination of the pertinent specimens and original publications. When the data are compiled in the first place from the original sources expressly for the Type Register, vérification is accomplished in the process of preparing the data for registration, and the two steps merge into a single operation. When a secondary source such as an existing card file or published index is used, however, there is a need to verify the information subsequently by checking the specimens and original descriptions. Two examples will illustrate. (1) *Index Kewensis* and the *Gray Herbarium Index* constitute indispensable secondary sources of references to original publications, but the original publications themselves must be examined in order to verify both the existence of the descriptions and the accuracy of the citations. (2) Present-day revisions and monographs customarily indicate where the key type specimens are deposited, but this information is not considered verified, for purposes of the Register, until the specimens have been seen *in the process* of compiling the data for the Register, because the data must be verified in the context of the specific requirements of the Register. This is a critical point.

It should be emphasized here that a taxonomic revision or monograph, no matter how carefully and authoritatively executed, constitutes a secondary source of information for all taxa treated except those being described to science for the first time. In fact, as synthetic w’orks, these treatises often present only the barest details on type specimens, especially for previously described but even for newly described taxa, and the author’s own nomenclatural interpretations frequently are not clearly distinguished from the original data. It is not unusual, for example, to discover in the process of verifying a record in the Type Register that the author of a revision or monograph, in identifying what he believed to be the holotype, unwittingly designated a lectotype or even a neotype by strict application of the international rules of botanical nomenclature. Therefore, except as a reference to the original sources, for which it is of course invaluable, the monographic treatise has proved to be a disappointing *starting point* for compiling the Type Register; it seldom provides all necessary data and often presents summaries of the original facts which are telegraphic to the point of being imprecise or even inaccurate. On the other hand, the monographic treatise is indispensable in the third or validation stage, because it deals in a systematic way with the typification of the taxa covered and establishes authoritative precedents that must be considered in the interpretation of the information in the Type Register. Furthermore, short of having all the original references and specimens in hand, the monograph, which brings together all the data for a taxonomic group into one place, is by far the best *single* source of data for the given group.

Verification is not a simple procedure that can be accomplished once for all time but an involved, virtually never-ending process, which seems to expand in direct proportion to the number of specimens and publications examined. Comparison of the original description with data from one or more specimens rarely can be made without uncovering at least minor discrepancies that must be reconciled. As types from additional herbaria are registered it often becomes necessary to reexamine the original publication and secondary references again and again to resolve new discrepancies, and such discrepancies frequently multiply faster than they can be resolved as publication after publication is consulted. Gazetteers, atlases, biographies and biographical dictionaries, persona] fieldnotes and letters, and even new correspondence with current specialists, in addition to the obvious taxonomic treatises and reference w^orks, may be employed eventually in the course of trying to verify the data of an entry in the Register.

Apart from the facts themselves is the matter of interpretation and judgment. The compilation of any highly condensed, formatted, and standardized file of data such as the Type Register is bound to involve much interpretation of fact and judgment of what to include and what to exclude. The computer imposes the additional problem of judging how best to format and standardize the data for search and retrieval. As new data are provided or brought to light, there is a constant need to reevaluate prior interpretations and judgments, and this in turn may require reexamination of previously consulted literature and specimens. The problem is one not only of accuracy and completeness within a given record but also of consistency among records. How the geographic information is standardized in the record for Taxon A, for example, has a direct bearing on how the geographic information is standardized for Taxon B, and decisions made for the first case without knowledge of special problems to be faced in the second case may have to be reevaluated and changed when the two records are considered together. In short, there is no *a priori* way to set standards for all time.

The long-term goal of the third and ultimate stage in the development of the Type Register is to *validate* the data according to the rules of the *International Code of Botanical Nomenclature* (*ICBN;* Stafleu et al., 1972) and thereby to establish the Register as a wholly reliable, authoritative index of types of plant species and infraspecific taxa. Validation involves typification, specifically the designation of kind or status of type, and such matters as rank, priority, synonymy and homonymy, authorship, and orthography. Up to a point, the records can be validated by any botanist or technical person skilled in the strict application of the provisions of the *ICBN,* because many of the problems are purely technical or legal. Indeed, experience with the Type Register has proved that a trained technical editor frequently makes decisions more consistent with the *ICBN* than the specialist, at least insofar as the objectives of the Register are concerned. Such technical validation, while it greatly increases the reliability of the data, nevertheless is without the force of authority that can be gained only through the sanction of the taxonomic authorities themselves. As in all taxonomic research, many of the questions that arise regarding typification have no absolute answer but require good judgment by an experienced specialist on the basis of all available evidence, and no amount of technical expertise could suffice. This type of authoritative validation is needed in the long run if the Type Register is ever to take its place as an indispensable and thoroughly accepted tool of plant systematists, and it is hoped that the specialists will cooperate in validating the information in the Register as it becomes available group by group in preliminary form. In the short run, however, the most that can be achieved is some degree of technical validation. The important point to stress here is the dynamic state of the file which can be updated at any time to accord with current knowledge and understanding.

Like verification, validation is a continuous process that never really ends, because the light of new information often requires important reevaluations and appropriate changing of the computer file. At the same time, a basic threshold can be achieved. A record is considered verified at least on an initial basis once the original description and all registered specimens have been seen in person by someone compiling and editing data expressly for the TRegister. Likewise a record is considered validated at least initially once the designation of types has been worked out in accordance with the *ICBN* expressly within the framework of Type Register specifications and format. These thresholds must be attained before the second and third stages of development can be said to have been achieved on a minimal basis. Authoritative validation as described above, on the other hand, will require the input of many specialists in the years to come and is a very long-term proposition.

The three stages of development may be summarized as follows:

Stage 1. *Registration.*—Creation of the initial file, which involves basic standardization of citation and geographical fields.

Stage 2. *Verification.*—Editing file against primary sources in the light of the accumulated data.

Stage 3. *Validation.*—Shaping the Register as an authoritative tool on typification, fully in accordance with the *ICBN,* by getting input from specialists and by incorporating information on lectotypification and neotypification, as well as other critical annotations.

In practice, registration, verification, and validation certainly are not sharply delimited phases and often merge into each other as a single process. Once the original description and specimens are in hand one attempts to accomplish as much of the entire three-stage process as possible. Verification and validation, in particular, tend to overlap; it is in fact impossible to accomplish the one without to a degree accomplishing the other. From the point of view of the daily operation, however, registration, verification, and validation represent distinct working stages in the creation of the computer data base, involving different procedures and personnel. Editorially, each stage results in a more refined, reliable, and authoritative data base. In the first stage, the data can be compiled and registered entirely from secondary sources, if necessary, although this is not recommended, but neither verification nor validation can be accomplished without consulting the original sources. Regarding the operational distinction between verification and validation, it should be realized that a technical person may be quite competent to verify the accuracy of the data but not to validate the type designations even with the original sources in hand. Ordinarily, technical editors are responsible for verification, and only when professional botanists or other specialists skilled in the application of the *ICBN* perform this function is it possible to perform the validation function at the same time.

The present computer file of some 13,000 specimen entries, constituting the entire Type Register, is a registry of largely unverified and unvalidated records of apparent or *presumptive* types, and for the next several years, at least, effort will continue to be concentrated on the rapid compilation and input of similar preliminary data from many other taxonomic groups and institutions, starting with the Smithsonian’s own type collection. The strategy is to register the greatest number of taxa and specimens in the shortest possible time so as to achieve quickly a critical mass of data for producing catalogs and answering queries. Clearly the usefulness of such a data base will be directly proportional to its taxonomic and institutional comprehensiveness. Unless efforts to verify and validate the data are kept to an essential minimum as new records are being processed, there is little chance that a comprehensive data base can be created in the foreseeable future. The manpower and resources simply are not available at present for the massive searches in the herbarium and library that would be required to bring every new record to the Stage 2 or Stage 3 level of refinement as it is being entered into the file. To a large extent, therefore, the Stage 1 Type Register will have to be verified and validated through use, through feedback from the specialists who discover its shortcomings in the course of their research.

**Under no circumstances is the Type Register being used or is it intended to be used as a place to designate lectotypes and neotypes and thereby to set nomenclatural precedents.** If the Register is ever to be used in this manner, which as indicated earlier may prove desirable eventually, the taxonomic fraternity will have to make a conscious decision to do so.

When the scope of the task is considered, it is not surprising that no one has attempted to compile a union catalog of type specimens before now. The task can be cut down to size, however, because relatively few of the world’s public herbaria are large enough to have a significant concentration of type specimens. Only about a score of the world’s herbaria, for example, contain over two million specimens each, and a published index, including literature citations, to any one of these collections would be enormously useful in itself. Each new institution to be added to such a base would enhance the catalog greatly and move it one step closer to the goal of a worldwide union registry.

The U. S. National Herbarium is one of the score of major herbaria with more than two million specimens, and its type collection of 65,000 or more specimens certainly constitutes a significant initial data base. Furthermore, not only is this type collection separate from the main herbarium and easily accessible, but it also has an associated file of cards on which are recorded pertinent data from the original publication (see “Source of Data”). Without this large, ready-made card file and without computer technology, which permits the creation of a union register on a much more flexible and dynamic basis than would otherwise be possible, the Type Register doubtlessly would never have been conceived or started. The Botanical Type Specimen Register is in the first instance, therefore, an index (catalog, register) of the U. S. National Herbarium’s own type collections. The thousands of man-hours that have gone into the creation and maintenance of the National Herbarium’s type collection and card file have paid off, of course, to the many who through the years have used the type herbarium on the Smithsonian premises. By computerizing this information the Smithsonian’s Department of Botany now makes it possible for taxonomists at large to benefit from the accumulated data and enormous manpower investment.

# **Scope of Register**

The Register is designed to handle taxa typified by specimens, namely, taxa of the rank of species or below, and it encompasses *all* infraspecific taxonomic levels recognized by the *ICBN.* In the future, modifications in design may be desirable if not essential to accommodate cases in which the type is not a specimen but a description or a figure. For the present, however, the object is to register specimens, and for this reason data collection usually begins with the specimens and proceeds to the literature rather than the other way around. There are good reasons for arguing on the one hand that registration should proceed from the specimen to the taxon and on the other hand that the process should be reversed, proceeding from the taxon to the specimen. No doubt this publication will stimulate debate on these alternatives; meanwhile, it should be made clear that primarily the first approach is being taken.

With one exception, only the original names of newly described taxa, i.e., taxa being described to science for the first time, are included. The one exception is a wholly new name for a previously described taxon necessitated because all other possible names and combinations would violate the international rules. *New combinations* involving previously published epithets are excluded rigorously insofar as they are known to be combinations; in such cases, only the *basionym* is entered into the Register. In one sense, therefore, the Type Register is a basionym file. This approach has been taken because it is the only feasible way in the foreseeable future to create a stable file with fixed points of reference. Eventually, viewed in the longest terms, it will be necessary to link the Type Register to a much vaster name list that shows all possible synonymy connections among basionyms and combinations and thus makes it possible to trace the nomenclatural history of a particular species, for example, from modern usage back to original usage. This is far too much to expect of the Type Register in itself, however, and for this reason the design of the Register allows for no synonymy except for orthographic variants. If a taxon originally was published under a generic or specific name with a spelling that later was corrected, then the original spelling is indicated in a special field, while the accepted spelling is shown in the main taxon field; for example, many species have been published in the genus *Penstemon* under the spelling *“Pentstemon,”* and this spelling is indicated in the orthographic synonym field, as necessary. Without this approach, the same genus would alphabetize in different parts of the file (e.g., *Aplopappus* vs. *Haplopappus).*

Only validly published names are included, but the names need not be legitimate, as defined by the *ICBN* (see also McVaugh et al., 1968).

Taxonomically and geographically, the Register is limited only by the availability of data and operational resources. The present machine file includes only vascular plants and primarily flowering plants, but it could be expanded at any time to include cryptogamic groups if the data and the resources to input the data, especially personnel, were available. The geographic scope already is worldwide because the initial source of most records, the U.S. National Herbarium’s type collecion, is worldwide in scope although particularly strong in New World areas. The input is further biased geographically at present by the fact that the other herbaria which have cooperated thus far on the Register also are North American institutions with principally New World collections (except Arnold Arboretum).

Inclusion of type photographs has been suggested several times, but so far this has not been done because they present special problems requiring careful study before the system can be modified to accommodate them. Whereas type specimens are unique and, even in the case of isotypes and syntypes, are distributed to a relatively limited set of herbaria among the total, type photographs are not unique, and in theory every herbarium can have a photograph of any type. The Register soon could be overloaded with references to photographs, and no purpose would be served. While there is a clear need, especially on the part of floristic workers who may be able to satisfy their requirements with photographs and thus avoid a massive borrowing of type specimens, for a central index of negatives on deposit at major centers from which type photographs could then be purchased, this problem calls for separate attention.

To an extent, the same reasoning applies to type fragments because many institutions potentially can have fragments of the same specimen. A type fragment has no standing in the *ICBN* unless it can be interpreted as a formal type of some kind (e.g., isotype), and most fragments cannot be dignified by such interpretation. In the modern era when travel and communication are easy, making the remotest corners of the earth accessible, the informational value of the type fragment in one’s own herbarium has diminished greatly because the type specimen itself can be borrowed or examined by personal visit. Thus only in the case of types that have been destroyed or of types that for political or other reasons are still inaccessible can importance be attached to a register of information on the whereabouts of type fragments. In other words, the taxonomist wants to know, “Where can I find a type specimen?” not “Where can I find a type fragment?” The latter question will interest him only if all efforts to see a type specimen fail or prove impractical. For these reasons, type fragments have been registered sparingly in the present file and only when the circumstances seem to warrant doing so.

Lectotypes and neotypes present a special problem that cannot be handled properly with the current system design. The system allows for only a single bibliographic citation, namely, the citation of the original publication where the taxon was first described and the name proposed. In cases of lectotypification or neotypification, however, it is necessary to cite also the second, later reference where the lectotype or neotype was designated. The problem has been largely ignored in this initial phase because lectotypification and neotypification cannot be documented properly without the direct participation of specialists. Identification of lectotypes and neotypes is part of the Stage 3 validation process described earlier, and by the time this level of documentation is possible the system will be modified to include a separate file, linked to the basic file, for recording lectotypes, neotypes, and other pertinent taxonomic or nomenclatural annotations. Such a file for “remarks” will provide a way of recording the names of authorities who have validated the data.

A word is necessary about the relationship of the Type Register project to the *Index Nominum Genericorum (ING)* project (Cowan, 1970). The object of *ING* is authoritative typification of all generic plant names. Thus it deals with genera, not species, except for type species, and it is not concerned with type specimens or collection data of any kind. Emphasis is placed on achieving at once, before input, the level of validation that the Type Register is expected to achieve only in the long run. The Register, which is not concerned with the typification of genera, and *ING* are complementary, therefore, and do not duplicate each other in any way (see also p. 16).

With respect to Flora North America, the closest links are maintained between it and the Type Register project on the one hand and *ING* on the other hand, to ensure that the work of each project will complement rather than duplicate the others.

# **Procedures and Standards**

## **SOURCE OF DATA**

The principal source of data at this stage is the permanent card file associated with the type collection of the U.S. National Herbarium (US). The card, records are converted into machine-readable form genus by genus in alphabetical order. During the pilot phase cards were pulled from the file by family (e.g., Scrophulariaceae), but this approach is impractical for the file as a whole, which is arranged alphabetically by genus. While that approach was being taken, the cards were being compared with the specimens in the type collection, which are arranged systematically (modified Englerian sequence), prior to input. Now that an alphabetical rather than systematic approach to the file is being taken the specimen-comparison step is being postponed until the whole file is in the computer and can be sorted systematically by family.

Curators of the U.S. National Herbarium have followed the practice of segregating type specimens from the general collection since the early part of the present century. The practice was first established about 1918 by then-curator Paul C. Standley. At the same time an associated card file was started to supplement the specimen data with information from the literature. The file includes a card for every taxon (species, subspecies, variety, form) represented in the type collection, and generally the responsible curator has had the original publication in hand while preparing the card and the standard folder for filing the type specimen (s). Each card includes the original taxonomic name (basionym in cases of later transfer), author, original reference, basic collecting data, and designation of kind of type. To re-create this file today from the specimens and the literature would require at least 10 and more likely 20–30 professional manyears, and there is no reason to suppose that the file could be re-created with any higher professional standards or greater degree of accuracy on the average than the first time. In short, it is scientifically sound as well as eminently practical to create the preliminary edition of the Type Register from the Smithsonian file as it stands.

Of the 65,000 specimens in the US type collection, about 55,000 are types of phanerogamic species and infraspecific taxa, and the other approximately 10,000 are types of cryptogamic taxa—ferns, mosses, and lichens.

Other institutions can contribute to the Type Register in any of a number of ways, as explained in the next section. Basically, there are two ways: (1) annotation of a printout listing records already registered in the machine file, and (2) submission of completed data forms or some equivalent procedure for new records not presently registered in the machine file. These are complementary procedures which must both be used. Institutions with ready-made card files like the Smithsonian’s are in the best position to contribute in a significant way quickly, and their contributions will spare the smaller herbaria from repeating costly bibliographic research that already has been done somewhere else. The cumulative Register provides a basis for checking rapidly for isotypes and other “duplicate” type material, leaving bibliographic research to be performed only for those cases where new taxa are to be added to the Register. In other words, to conserve effort maximum advantage should be taken of the existing file in the process of adding new data, especially bibliographic data, and of course the larger the machine file becomes the greater can be the economy of scholarship on the part of newly collaborating herbaria.

Monographs and the personal manuscripts or files of monographers are obvious sources of authoritative data for the Register and have been used in a few instances, although there are some distinct disadvantages in using the monograph as the starting point (see p. 7). Future monographers should register data routinely for type specimens of new taxa prior to, or simultaneously with, publication. Likewise, it is hoped that graduate students in plant taxonomy will be advised to submit data on type specimens examined by them in the course of their research.

For every specimen registered in the file, a code is appended at the end of the record which indicates the source of the data according to a broad classification of source categories, summarized later under “Data Source Code.”

## **INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONTRIBUTORS**

Any herbarium interested in contributing to the Register is advised to consult with the staff at the

FIGURE 2.—Standard Data Collection Form of Botanical Type Specimen Register.

Smithsonian well in advance of initiating a project so that a compatible way of compiling data can be devised before the first record is collected. At present the Type Register staff has its hands full with the internal Smithsonian file but will do its best to cooperate with other potential contributors to set up procedures for submitting data. The most efficient way of collaborating under present circumstances is to submit the records on the standard data form (Figure 2) to the Smithsonian for processing, but with adequate planning it will be possible for another institution to convert its own data into machine-readable form in-house before submitting the data to the Smithsonian and thereby to save time and effort in the overall process, at least where large herbaria are concerned. Complete records, i.e., with all essential data present, submitted by other institutions are placed in the queue and processed in due course as time permits. Incomplete records, particularly those without proper bibliographic citations, are set aside in an inactive file where, for lack of staff to complete them, they may remain indefinitely. Potential contributors should keep in mind, therefore, that any effort that falls short of providing complete records risks becoming a wasted effort.

A collaborating institution should always work from the current catalog in the Type Register, if one exists, of the genus or other taxonomic group concerned. The *Carex* Catalog, for example, provides a checklist of taxa already registered which can be used as a tool by any herbarium wishing to search its own collections for type specimens of this genus. Working catalogs for other registered groups can be provided at cost by the Smithsonian as they are needed. The purpose of this procedure is to reduce unnecessary effort on the part of both the compiler and the editor. In the system, all specimens pertaining to a given taxon are registered under a single entry, and thus there is one unit record per taxon. It is the editor’s responsibility to prevent duplications of the same taxa in the first place and in the second place to discover and delete the occasional duplication that inevitably creeps into a file of the size and complexity of the Type Register. Individual compilers can do much to assist the editor in preventing duplications, however, by keeping themselves informed, through working catalogs, of the current status of the file, and by using procedures that minimize the chances of submitting duplicate information for taxa already recorded.

The procedural details will differ from institution to institution, but these general guidelines should be followed, unless other special arrangements have been made beforehand:

(1) All new records—taxa new to the file—should be submitted on the standard data collection form (Figure 1) and according to the technical data specifications used by the Smithsonian. Be sure that the original name and not a later combination is being used.

(2) All additions to existing records—supplementary publication or collection data, and collections or specimens new to the file—should be submitted as annotations to the appropriate records in a copy of the working catalog; or, if they are submitted on standard data forms or in a separate typewritten listing, each addition should be properly referenced to the record in the file to which it belongs. Care should be taken to distinguish between specimens that belong to a collection already registered in the file and specimens that introduce a new collection but to an already registered taxon. Both constitute additions but on different levels. The latter situation arises frequently when syntypes are involved, but slight discrepancies in collection data can easily be overlooked by the compiler, leading him to the conclusion that the former situation obtains. If the collection data recorded in the Register are not identical or at least reconcilable with the collection data of the specimen in hand, then the discrepancy should be resolved appropriately or the specimen excluded. In annotating the catalog, it is important to be sure that the additions are clearly associated with the proper collection where two or more collections are registered.

(3) All proposed changes to existing information in the file should be submitted *with documentation* as annotations to the appropriate records in a copy of the working catalog; or, if they are submitted on standard data forms or in a separate typewritten listing, each addition should be properly referenced to the record in the file to which it pertains. Without documentation, proposed changes raise more questions than they answer and complicate the work of the editor.

The most common errors, experience has shown, are mistaking (1) a later combination for an originnal name, (2) the type specimen of a variety or form for the type of the species itself, and (3) a syntype (or isosyntype) for an isotype. The second of these mistakes often turns out to be the explanation for the situation in which the specimen appears to have been collected after the species was described, i.e., the collection date is later than the publication date. An undetected name transfer may lead to puzzling discrepancies or to unnoticed duplication. Frequently, for example, a type collection passing under an undetected later combination becomes the basis for introducing a new taxon to the file, while at the same time the collection already is properly registered under its basionym.

A final note should be added about the use of the *Carex* Catalog or any similar working catalog in herbaria where type specimens have never been identified and segregated into separate folders or a separate collection. By means of the collector index, it is possible for curators who wish to begin segregating types to use such a catalog as a means of identifying type specimens within their herbaria which belong to collections recorded in the Type Register.

## **RECORD FORMAT AND CONTENT**

The data content of a unit record in the Register was established largely according to the conventions long used for the US card file. With the US card format as a standard, the data form shown in Figure 2 was devised for use by contributors at other institutions. This form shows what fields of data should be included, distinguishing between essential and nonessential fields and indicating certain of the basic standards. The fields tagged as “essential” constitute the minimum number of data elements which the processing system is designed either to require or expect. From the botanical-content point of view, however, none of the fields should be regarded as optional. Every effort should be made by the contributor to provide data for all fields. Contributors can obtain blank forms at cost from the Smithsonian or use facsimiles.

Before input to the system, all records are edited to conform with the field-by-field technical specifications that have been established to standardize content and format in the system. A copy of these specifications can be made available to collaborators on request, but most contributors will not want to be bothered with all of the technical details of the system. For purposes of contributing records, it is essential to know only the main conventions and standards that govern the content and format of the data fields. These basic standards are explained below by field, and contributors are strongly urged to follow them closely so that the work of the editor will be simplified. The rules of standardization have been applied more rigorously and consistently to the *Carex* Catalog than to any other part of the Register, and potential contributors are asked to study this Catalog carefully for specific examples of how standards have been applied to govern content, form, and style. Implicit in this Catalog are the answers to many specific questions about standardization which cannot be answered here. It should be kept in mind, however, that the typical edit format is different from the format of this published Catalog. In the typical format, the information is not strung together (concatenated) in paragraph form, but each field is labeled and printed by itself with room for annotations. Furthermore, certain fields of data (e.g., source code) have not been printed out in the *Carex* Catalog.

The reference works used most frequently in the course of compiling and editing data for the Type Register are cited in the bibliography. Some of these works have been adopted for editorial purposes as the standard references and authorities for verifying and standardizing new data during initial input. An “authority” (authority file) is an index, thesaurus, or dictionary of terms, names, or titles which is used to standardize some category of data, e.g., *B-P-H* (Lawrence et al., 1968) for titles of botanical periodicals. Published standards have been adopted as authorities whenever possible, but in some instances it has been necessary to begin creating authority files expressly for use in the Type Register project. A “standard reference” is an authoritative and reliable secondary source that provides the editor with a practical means of quickly verifying some category or categories of incoming data, e.g., a name index such as *Index Kewensis* or Willis’ *Dictionary of Flowering Plants and Ferns* (7th edition, revised by Airy Shaw, 1966). Verification in this editorial sense of double-checking in secondary sources is not to be confused with verification in the primary scholarly sense discussed earlier in connection with Stage 2 development of the Type Register (p. 7).

The *International Code of Botanical Nomenclature* is, of course, the final authority on all matters of typification and nomenclature. (The 1966 edition, prepared under the chief editorship of Lanjouw and Stafleu, has been used thus far, but the newer 1972 edition of Stafleu et al. is now available.) Of the essential desk-top references, the one most frequently consulted, perhaps, is the seventh edition of Willis’ *Dictionary.* Also invaluable as general reference works are Steam’s *Botanical Latin* (1966) and Stafleu’s *Taxonomic Literature* (1967). Though hardly desk-top references, *Index Kewensis* and the *Gray Herbarium Index* are indispensable, and the Type Register editorial staff is fortunate in having available to it an integrated version of the former and both the card and book forms of the latter. Insofar as possible, the same procedures and standards are being applied in both the Type Register project and the Flora North America program, so that the data bases will be compatible. Authority files developed especially for the one project are being used also for the other as appropriate.

The main editorial procedures that have been adopted to verify and standardize the ingoing data are summarized below field by field. Collaborators can do much to increase the reliability and standardization of their own data by using these same procedures in the process of compilation. The editorial burden is eased greatly when the editor knows in advance that the essential standards have been upheld consistently by the contributor.

### ***Level 1—Taxon Data***

The following fields of data are recorded only once each for every species or infraspecific taxon registered in the machine file because these data are unique for each taxon. Furthermore, the taxon is the unit record, and every taxon is entered into the file only once.

FAMILY.—The latest edition of *Engler’s Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien* (vol. 1: Melchior and Werder-mann, 1954; vol. 2: Melchior, 1964) is the authority for the system of families with the exception that the accepted family name with a regular ending is used in all cases, including the eight cases where the *Syllabus,* following the traditional practice sanctioned by the *ICBN* (see list of *Nomina Familiarum Con servanda),* uses irregular names. These irregular names with their adopted regular equivalents are: Compositae/ASTERACEAE, Cruciferae/BRASSICACEAE, Graminae/POACEAE, Guttife-rae/CLUSIACEAE, Labiatae/LAMIACEAE, Legu-minosae/FABACEAE, Palmae/ARECACEAE, Urn-belliferae/APIACEAE. The use of regular family names conforms with practice in the FNA program. Willis’ *Dictionary* is used in conjunction with the *Syllabus* to determine the family to which a genus belongs.

GENUS AND GENUS SYNONYM.—*Index Nominum Gcnericorum,* insofar as it is completed, is the final authority for generic names, to determine their accepted spelling and whether they are validly published. Willis’ *Dictionary,* which in any case is an indispensable authoritative handbook on these matters, is consulted for genera not yet covered by *ING.* Whenever the data are being compiled directly from the primary sources, the generic name is entered on the data form exactly as it was spelled in the original description of the particular species or other taxon in question. If for some reason this spelling is a variant of the currently accepted orthography of the name, then both spellings are entered into the machine file, the accepted spelling in the “Genus” field and the orthographic variant in the “Genus Synonym” field. In no case is more than one spelling permitted in the “Genus” field for the species and infraspecific taxa of any particular genus of plants.

SPECIES.—Attempt is made to record the specific epithet exactly as it was spelled originally, except where a minor change is required by the provisions of the *ICBN* governing orthography. (A two-word epithet, for example, is hyphenated to form a single word.) To verify the spelling given on the data form, the editor relies upon the *Gray Herbarium Index* and/or *Index Kewensis* insofar as possible, because to check the primary publications in all cases is impractical at this stage. These two indices, which overlap considerably in coverage, frequently provide a check on each other. Unless the taxon in question is by definition outside the limits of one of the two indices, the second index is checked routinely whenever the first does not confirm the spelling given on the data form. With respect to species regarded as being of hybrid origin, the standard practice of placing an “X” followed by a blank space before the epithet is followed.

INFRASPECIFIC TAXON.—An infraspecific taxon of any rank recognized by the *ICBN* can be accommodated in the Type Register by entering the infraspecific epithet and the appropriate rank designator in this field, e.g., VAR GRACILIS or SFM CRASSA. Infraspecific names are entered in the Register in the form of trinomial combinations with the appropriate rank designator, because this form is adequate for nomenclatural purposes; and quadrinomials create problems in the system. The *Gray Herbarium Index* is used to verify infraspecific epithets as to rank and spelling, but it covers only infraspecific taxa of the New World published during the past 100 years. For this reason, many of the infraspecific names must go unverified at this stage when extensive literature research is impractical. Following is a list of the infraspecific ranks and their standard abbreviations used in the Register:
| Subspecies | SSP |
|------------|-----|
| Variety    | VAR |
| Subvariety | SVR |
| form       | FOR |
| subform    | SFM |
| nothomorph | NM. |

AUTHOR.—This field carries the full last name and all initials of each author of the binomial or trinomial name under which type specimens are being registered. Whether single or multiple authors, the last name is always placed before the initials. When the use of initials only is certain to lead to confusion, the full first name also is included, e.g., MACOUN, JOHN vs. MACOUN, JAMES M., not MACOUN, J. vs. MACOUN, J. M. The publishing author or the author of the work, if different from the author of the name, is always included in this field and separated from the author of the name by “IN” or “EX” in accordance with the rules and recommendations of the *ICBN.* No authority exists for author names, but an author authority file has been started for the Type Register on the basis of the *Carex* Catalog. Further, the FNA Author File is well underway, and it is planned that the two be compatible and that ultimately they be merged. Meanwhile, the standard references are Barnhart’s *Biographical Notes Upon Botanists* (1965) and Stafleu’s *Taxonomic Literature* (1967), but all available biographical references are consulted as necessary. (See also under “Collector[s].” Many specific problems are encountered in dealing with author names, but the details are beyond the scope of this introduction. Examples of specific solutions can be found in the *Carex* Catalog.

TITLE.—The title of the periodical, monograph, or book in which the name of the taxon in question was first validly published is recorded in this field. The title of the article in the periodical or of the chapter in the monograph or book is never included or given in lieu of the title of the periodical or work. In cases where a name was introduced into the literature before it was validly published, reference is made only to the place of valid publication. A name published first without description *(nomen nudum),* for example, often is later published validly with description. *Nomina nuda* are not included in the Type Register. All titles are abbreviated consistently. *B-P-H* is the authority for abbreviating titles of periodicals. For titles of monographs and books, the Type Register project is developing it own authority file, using the principles of abbreviation set forth in *B-P-H,* and, insofar as possible, taking advantage of the title abbreviation file developed by the *ING* project. An author’s or editor’s name is not included in this field unless it actually is part of the title; otherwise, it is included in the previous field as the publishing author or editor.

### ***Level 2—Collection Data***

Because there may be multiple type collections (e.g., syntypes) for any taxon, the collection data fields may repeat as a set any number of times. The following set of fields is recorded for each collection, insofar as the data exist and are available.

COLLECTOR(S).—The names of all collectors of the type collection being registered are recorded in this field exactly as author names are formatted in the “Author (s)” field. The name of a collecting expedition may be recorded here when individual collectors cannot be determined. The Type Register project is developing its own authority file for collectors, but meanwhile the following biographical indices, in addition to those already mentioned under the “Author (s)” field, are being used as standard references: *“Index Herbariorum,* Part II: Collectors” (Lanjouw and Stafleu, 1954, 1957; Chaudhri et al., 1972—completed for letters A to L); “Index to Principal Collections Represented in the U. S. National Herbarium” (compiled by U. S. National Herbarium staff for internal use, 1965).

COLLECTION NUMBER.—Ordinarily this will be the collector’s own number, but when there is no trustworthy means of determining his number, or if he had none, a serial collecting number assigned by an institution or expedition may be recorded instead. The field is regarded pragmatically as the place for a number, any number, that has been associated with the collection and which, when combined with the name (s) entered in the “ (Collector (s)” field, normally will form a unique reference to the collection. If a distinction can be made between the number of the collector and the number of his expedition or institution, then the name of the expedition or institution assigning the serial number should be placed in the “Collector (s)” field unless one or more collectors’ names already have been entered there; otherwise, this name should be prefixed to the collection number to make clear that the number is not the collector’s own. When there is absolute evidence that the collection never has been numbered in any series, then the abbreviation *S.N. (sine numero),* meaning “without number,” should be entered in this field. If on the other hand the number is merely unknown or there is doubt about the existence of a number, then dashes (- - -) should be entered in the field.

COLLECTION DATE(S).—Collection date is recorded just as accurately as it is known, and if necessary two dates or a range of dates are given. All dates, whether single or in ranges, take the form: 28 Sep 1928. On the data form, dashes should be entered to indicate that the collection date is unknown, and the abbreviation *S.D. (sine dato)* should be used to indicate that the collection is known to be without a collection date. In using the latter designation, the compiler should be absolutely certain that the collection is undatable; otherwise, he should use dashes (- - -).

GEOGRAPHIC DATA FIELDS.—Four geographic fields are used to pinpoint hierarchically the collecting locality: (1) country; (2) state, province, department, or equivalent; (3) county or equivalent; (4) locality. The specific place is recorded in the fourth or lowest field more or less in the terms of local reference given by the collector himself and should include a town, post office, or other place name that can be found in an atlas. The locality terms in the fourth field are ordered from the largest to the smallest units, and unimportant words are omitted; latitude and longitude, if given, are placed last in this field; and ecological terms, except where required to clarify the geographic location, are omitted. Because locality data from the specimen and the original description often are merged into a single telegraphic statement, the reference given in this fourth field *cannot* be assumed to be a direct quotation. Every effort is made, however, to stay close to the words of the original collector and/or author of the description, and substantive additions or interpolations by the compiler or editor are indicated appropriately. It is important to the editor, therefore, that compilers set apart clearly their own comments from the original information. Quotation marks are used only when the context requires that the exact original words be identified, as, for example, when some part of the locality statement is so archaic, confusing, or general as to appear to contradict the rest of the geographic information.

The three, higher level geographic data fields are used to place the locality in its proper geopolitical hierarchy. Whereas the vocabulary used in the “Locality” field is standardized for sorting purposes but not controlled, the vocabulary used in these three fields is controlled as well as standardized for purposes of search and retrieval. Insofar as possible, current official political units are used in all three fields so as to avoid overlapping and inconsistent terminology. As the term “geopolitical” implies, concessions to age-old geographic designations, as in the case of certain islands, are made in a few instances, and “country” is not always an independent political unit in the strictest or most modern sense. Such changes are made only within the structure of the controlled vocabulary, however, as explained below. Island names present a particular problem, because often they have long been used in the biogeographic literature but do not fit into a consistent geopolitical hierarchy (e.g., Borneo, Madagascar). Various stratagems, mostly involving comments in the “Locality” field, have been devised to cope with the problem of identifying well-known bio-geographic areas within the file structure of the Type Register. If the name used in any of the three higher level fields is not obviously equivalent to the name used originally by the collector, then his original designation is included parenthetically with appropriate annotation at the end of the “Locality” field.

All available atlases and gazetteers are used as standard references, the most valuable being *The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World* (Seltzer, 1962) and the desk-top *Webster’s New Geographical Dictionary* (1972). The latter, to the extent that it covers the geographic units and problems encountered, has taken on the force virtually of an authority for geographic standardization. The authority adopted for the system of classification and names of the world’s countries and equivalent political units is the National Bureau of Standards’ *Federal Information Processing Standards Publication (FIPS Pub) 10: Countries, Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty* (1970). With slight modifications for the purposes of Type Register, this publication is used to control the vocabulary used in the first or “Country” field. Any new name must be fitted into this system before it can be used.

From the data-processing point of view, the purpose of the geographic information is to make search and retrieval possible at least by country and state or province. Thus if the first two fields are left blank or if the names are not carefully controlled and standardized the retrieval aim is clearly thwarted. Collaborators should make every effort to provide data in all four geographic fields, but the most important ones are the first, second, and fourth.

### ***Level 3—Specimen Data***

Because there may be multiple type specimens (e.g., isotypes) in any type collection, the specimen data fields may repeat as a set any number of times. Ordinarily, an institution will be represented by a single type specimen under a given collection, but there is no limit to the number of specimens that may be registered per collection as long as each specimen is uniquely identified. In practice, this means that two or more specimens will be cited for the same institution *only* if they have different herbarium sheet numbers or represent different kinds of types. The data fields in the specimen citation are: Herbarium Abbreviation/Herbarium Sheet Number/Kind of Type/Data Source Code. The typical specimen citation takes this form: US 1727345 HOLOTYPE CF.

HERBARIUM ABBREVIATION.—The standard international abbreviations established in the fifth edition of *“Index Herbariorum,* Part I: The Herbaria of the World” (Lanjouw and Stafleu, 1964) are used to designate the herbaria.

HERBARIUM SHEET NUMBER.—Many herbaria stamp a serial number on every sheet to which an herbarium specimen is attached, and that number is entered into this field. The field may be left blank when the sheet in question lacks a serial number. Because a sheet number represents the single most effective and reliable means of uniquely identifying a specimen, any collaborating herbarium which presently does not number its sheets is strongly urged to number the sheets of type specimens as the data are compiled for the Type Register. From the standpoint of the Register, the serial number is a completely arbitrary datum and need not belong to any general numbering system within the collaborating institution provided that it is part of a unique series. Whenever there is any choice on the matter, a totally numerical series, not a mixed alphabetical/numerical (alphanumeric) series, should be used, to facilitate proper numerical sorting by machine.

KIND OF TYPE.—This small field represents the purpose of the Type Register and is certain to evoke more discussion and controversy than any other data field in the unit record. For this reason it is vital that every user of the *Carex* Catalog or any other part of the Register understand from the outset the limitations of the data recorded in the “Kind of Type” field.

As emphasized repeatedly, the *initial* aim of the Type Register project is to record the facts just as they exist in the presently available sources so as to put before the taxonomic user community the greatest amount of information in the shortest possible time, leaving until later stages the objective of methodical, authoritative verification and validation. Once comparative data on type specimens are available group by taxonomic group on a large scale, the specialists themselves, who alone are truly qualified to render authoritative decisions on matters of nomenclature and typification, can help enormously to refine the Type Register data base through feedback arising from actual use of the file. The consequence of this register-now-validate-later approach is seen most often in the imprecise if not incorrect terms by which the different kinds of types are designated. Because the nomenclatural rules have changed through the years and the well-developed modern terminology is of relatively recent origin, it is natural that types have not been designated according to any consistent standards through the years.

When a type specimen is first registered, its typification is designated by whatever term is indicated in the data source, which usually is a secondary source (card file, specimen file, monograph), unless there is firm evidence to indicate otherwise. Thus any type designation, whether legal or illegal by present nomenclatural rules, may appear in the Type Register.

At the United States National Herbarium, it was customary for many years to designate two basic categories in the segregated collection of type specimens: “type” and “type collection.” Usually, “type” has meant what would now be called “holotype,” while “type collection” has embraced syn-types, isotypes, and even paratypes according to present terminology. “Types” often prove not to be holotypes, however, and it would be very wrong to draw simple equations between the older and newer terms. The collection of type specimens at the New York Botanical Garden provides another example of the problems with archaic terminology. Here the categories “type” and “cotype” were used for many years, and now “type” often but certainly not always translates to “holotype,” while “cotype” may designate any of the kinds of types masquerading under “type collection” at the US.

The authority for designation of kind of type is the *ICBN.* An auxiliary, highly authoritative standard reference is “An Annotated Glossary of Botanical Nomenclature,” by McVaugh et al. (1968). Whenever the original specimens and literature can be examined and the kind of type validated in accordance with the rules, proper terminology is used. By this terminology, the Register is designed to include primarily *holotypes, isotypes, syntypes,* and *isosyntypes.* As explained earlier, the present file structure is not designed to handle lectotypes and neotypes (or isolectotypes and isoneotypes), although these are entered sometimes by using the fourth geographic field (“Locality”) as a remarks field for the second bibliographic citation. Paratypes are excluded unless other, higher order types cannot be located and there is reason to believe that the paratypes will become important later for purposes of lectotypification. Fragments of holotypes, isotypes, or syntypes may be included at the discretion of the editor (see under “Scope of Register”).

When a holotype has not been designated, as in all the older literature, one usually is faced with a “syntype situation,” which often is difficult to resolve precisely on the basis of the *ICBN’s* terminology. A *syntype,* according to the *ICBN* (Article 7, Note 3), is “any one of two or more specimens cited by the author when no holotype was designated, or any one of two or more specimens simultaneously designated as types,” and an *isosyntype* is a duplicate of a syntype (see “Guide for the Determination of Types” in the *ICBN).* “Duplicate” in this context is defined as “part of a single gathering made by a collector at one time.” In other words, a “duplicate” is one of two or more specimens constituting a single “collection,” as this term ordinarily is used by plant taxonomists and is being used in the context of the Type Register.

The distinction between syntype and isosyntype hinges on such relatively subjective criteria as “specimen citation” and whether or not the original author had the specimens in hand (cf. definitions of McVaugh et al., 1968), which are matters for specialists to determine. The older literature, where the problem of syntypes arises, is well known to be less than precise in the manner of citing specimens. The editorial staff of the Type Register must restrict its interpretations to the letter of the *ICBN,* and for the most part such fine distinctions as between syntype and isosyntype necessarily are deferred for the proper specialists to make at a later time. To do otherwise would be to assume the specialist’s role and responsibility and to introduce false precision at this stage. Accordingly, the term syntype is used for both syntypes and isosyntypes except in the rare cases where the evidence for the isosyntype designation is clear and convincing.

A final point on the use of the term syntype concerns the distinction between single collections and multiple collections. Throughout the older literature there are numerous cases where a single collection has been designated as the type collection, either explicitly or implicitly by virtue of being the only collection cited, even though a holotype has not been set apart. Many specialists would single out a presumptive holotype in these cases on the basis of the specimen (s) which the original author is presumed to have examined firsthand, but the Type Register editors cannot and should not make authoritative selections in such cases and must regard them all as syntypes. The *ICBN* does not seem to provide terms for distinguishing this common syntype situation from the other common syntype situations in which two or more type collections are designated simultaneously. Because it is useful to know whether one or more than one type collection is cited, in the Type Register project the term “type collection” has been given a proper meaning for the purpose of distinguishing these two syntype situations. *Type collection,* in this proper sense, designates a specimen from a *single* type collection, while “syntype” is reserved for designating a specimen from any one of two or more simultaneously designated type collections.

The catchall term *type material* is used to designate any specimen presumed for some reason to be a type but for which there is no basis at the time of data input to assign a more precise classification.

Many situations arise in the course of compiling and editing data for the Type Register in which it would be useful to have a collective term for designating a collection as a counterpart to the singular term given in the *ICBN* for the specimen. In fact, the terms “holotype collection” and “syntype collection” often are used informally within the project as collective counterparts to the singular terms holotype/isotype and syntype/isosyntype.

DATA SOURCE CODE.—Source of data is indicated according to a classification of source categories, by appending the appropriate code at the end of the specimen citation. It is impossible to document in detail the source of every datum, and any categorization of sources is certain to have many imperfections. The present classification is only a rough first approximation of the kind of documentation needed, but presumably it is a strike in the right direction. It is drawn up largely from the point of view of the central staff and their internal Smithsonian operation, and other categories will have to be added as other institutions join in the effort. Probably codes or numbers will be assigned to individual contributors in the future in the manner of *Index Nominum Genericorum.* It should be noted that this is more than a classification of sources; up to a point it also is a classification of degree of verification/validation. Obviously, a record based on examination of the original publication and the original specimen is likely to be more reliable than a record based solely on secondary sources. Following is the classification of data source codes:
| **OS** | **O**riginal publication and type **S**pecimen examined by person compiling data for Register.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| **OP** | **O**riginal **P**ublication examined by person compiling data tor Register, but type specimen not seen; supplementary information about the specimen, if any, derived from secondary source (s).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **TS** | **T**ype **S**pecimen examined by person compiling data for Register, but original publication not seen; citation and other publication data, if any, derived from secondary source (s), including standard indices *(Index Kewensis, Gray Herbarium Index)*, monographs and revisions, annotations on specimen sheet, card files, original descriptions removed from context of publication without exact citation and necessary prefatory matter, and the Type Register catalog itself. |
| **MG** | Data derived from most recent **M**ono**G**raph of taxo-nomic group in question without reference to any other source (s) of information.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **SS** | Data derived entirely from **S**econdary **S**ources.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
| **CF** | Data transcribed directly from a card in the **C**ard **F**ile of the type collection of the U. S. National Herbarium without verification against the original publication or type specimen.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| **CO** | Data from US **C**ard file verified by examination of **O**riginal publication.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| **CS** | Data from US **C**ard file verified by examination of type **S**pecimen (s).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| **CM** | Data from US **C**ard file verified or supplemented by consulting latest **M**onograph of taxonomic group in question.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| **UK** | Source of data **U**n**K**nown.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |

## **PROCESSING SYSTEM**

The first step is to convert the data to machine-readable form, i.e., to “automate” or “capture” the data, so that they can be processed by computer. No data conversion (automation, capture) system is perfect, and none is capable of handling all applications equally well (Shetler, 1972). Several methods and media have been tried thus far in the Type Register project in an effort to find the data conversion system best suited to this data-processing application. In general, the aim is to use the system that will get the data into the computer with the least amount of error and effort. Because the development of data conversion devices and procedures continues to evolve rapidly, a flexible approach has been taken; the data conversion system is kept as independent as possible from the rest of the processing system so that a new conversion system can be adopted at any time with minimal impact on the overall Type Register operation.

The following data conversion systems have been used in the chronological order given:

PAPER TAPE SYSTEM.—Data were mechanically encoded on paper tape with a tape-punching typewriter. The tapes then were read by the computer which converted the holes in the paper tape (i.e., mechanical codes) to electronic codes on magnetic tape and thus transferred the machine-readable data from the medium of capture to the medium of computer processing. This system was used for the duration of the pilot project, and several thousand records, a third of the present file, were captured with it. During the pilot phase, while paper tape was being used, corrections to the machine file were made by means of the standard 80-column punch card.

ON-LINE SYSTEM.—With a typewriter terminal, data were entered via telephone directly on disk storage of a remote time-sharing computer under the on-line control of a sophisticated text-editing program package. This text-editing software permitted the terminal operator to direct the computer in making any of a whole series of deletions, changes, and additions during the input process so that maximum editorial accuracy could be achieved in the machine-readable data base immediately, before it was output onto magnetic tape for subsequent processing by the information retrieval system.

OPTICAL SCANNING SYSTEM.—Data were typed on standard forms with an ordinary 10-pitch IBM Selectric Typewriter equipped with a head having a special optical scanning font. Completed forms were scanned by an optical character reader (OCR) which encoded the data directly on magnetic tape for further computer processing.

MAGNETIC TAPE SYSTEM.—In the system currently being used, a typewriter encodes data electronically on a magnetic cartridge which is compatible with computer tape. The typewriter unit also serves as a communication terminal to transmit the data captured via telephone directly to the computer, where the data are transferred to disk or tape for further processing. Processing programs can be controlled from this same remote terminal. Of the several data conversion systems used, this one seems to offer the best compromise of advantages and disadvantages in the context of the operation as a whole.

COMPUTER PROCESSING SYSTEM.—During the pilot phase of the Type Register project, this system consisted of a set of specially written COBOL programs, designed to run on the Smithsonian’s Honeywell 1250 machine, to create and maintain a machine file, and to account for collaborating institutions to which data-collection cards were sent or from which data were received. It was not designed as an information retrieval system in the strict sense, and in terms of output the system was capable chiefly of producing catalogs, either in book or card form. The pilot system proved with use to be highly specialized with too few capabilities and serious weaknesses in file structure such as inability to handle syntypes. It served the purpose of a pilot system, however, to get a file started and thereby define through experience the problems to be solved in the operational system.

After the pilot phase, the specialized COBOL programs were abandoned, and the processing system was completely redesigned around the commercially available, IBM-supported program package known as the “Generalized Information System” (GIS), which runs on the larger models of IBM’s System/360 and System/370. This generalized software performs all the normal functions of creating, maintaining, and querying files and of generating reports. It is an information retrieval system, in the proper sense, with the full capability to search, select, and print answers to specific queries on demand in addition to the capability for producing various types of tabulations, tallies, and catalogs. A COBOL preprocessing program (“preprocessor”) and a COBOL concatenating program, by which, respectively, the data are prepared for processing by GIS and the data are joined field by field into publishable paragraph output after processing by GIS, form a part of the total operational system. GIS runs only on IBM equipment and is offered by several computer service bureaus in the Washington, D.C., area with IBM machines. Type Register processing with this system so far has been carried out successfully at several different service bureaus, and the project basically is independent of the computing center.

One of the most important initial tasks in developing the Type Register is to build a file of sufficient size to make reliable studies concerning such matters as record comprehensiveness, record format, field format, need for authority files, and 

FIGURE 3.—Two oversimplified schematic representations of the three-level record structure in the Botanical Type Specimen Register (from Meadow, 1973a,b).

report types and formats. This requires a flexible information processing system that allows for data to be restructured, reports to be reformatted, tallies to be made, and edits and mass updates to be made without reprogramming. From the output standpoint, it must be possible to select records according to the content of any data field, to relate records to each other on the basis of selected fields, and to sort and format selected fields as desired. GIS affords all these capabilities.

The FNA program is using GIS, and it was for this reason particularly that the decision was made to use GIS in the Type Register project so that these botanical data bases would remain fully compatible. The rationale for using a generalized information processing system and a description of the use of GIS in the FNA program have been set forth in separate papers recently by Harriet R. Meadow (1973a, b), who is responsible for the basic design of the Type Register processing system. The two most important features of GIS, from the point of view of biological data retrieval, are its capability of handling hierarchical data structures and its capability of querying two or more files simultaneously for correlated data. With respect to Type Register, for example, the hierarchical feature permits subordination of two or more specimen collections to a single taxon or, in turn, two or more specimens to a single collection within a taxon. The three-level hierarchy of the Type Register is outlined in Figure 3.

The second-generation processing system for the Type Register by no means represents the ultimate system, but it does handle the vast majority of cases very well and solves the most bothersome problems encountered during the pilot phase with the specialized first-generation system. New problems have arisen, however, and with the experience gained by using the present system it will be possible to design a third-generation system in due course that will accommodate all of the special cases that continue to be troublesome, e.g., the case of a lectotype or neotype that requires a second bibliographic citation.

# **Statistical Summary of Type Register Contents**

Following is a statistical summary of the records on the machine file as of 30 September, 1972:
| No. Families    | 135    |
|-----------------|--------|
| No. Genera      | 950    |
| No. Taxa*       | 10,525 |
| No. Collections | 10,625 |
| No. Specimens   | 13,535 |

*Species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and nothomorphs.

The figures show that the number of collections averages just slightly more than 1/taxon, while the number of specimens averages about 1.3/taxon. The number of specimens will grow rapidly relative to the number of taxa as additional herbaria register their type holdings of taxa already in the file.

This is a tally largely of records input from the type collection of the U. S. National Herbarium (US); i.e., the vast majority of the families and genera are represented only by taxa, collections, and specimens in the US type collection. None of the 135 families is present solely on the basis of types registered from another herbarium, which is to say that at least one taxon in the US collection is registered under every family. The inclusion of a family does not mean, however, that all US types belonging to that family have been recorded. Quite the contrary, the project has only begun, and, as indicated earlier, it now is proceeding alphabetically by genus and is still in the letter “C.” This means that for the vast majority of families only genera starting with “A” or “B” are recorded thus far. If a genus is present, however, then all type material in the US collection belonging to that genus is registered. In other words, the file is complete to the genus level with respect to taxa, collections, and specimens in the US type collection.

Before the alphabetical approach was started, registration of US types was essentially completed for several families, and in each case the types of one or more other herbaria also had been recorded. Following is a list of these completed families, showing for each the number of genera, taxa, and specimens registered and the abbreviations of the herbaria for which the file is relatively complete:

Chrysobalanaceae (12 genera, 216 taxa, 1,110 specimens), many herbaria

Dichapetalaceae (7 genera, 43 taxa, 153 specimens), many herbaria

Lamiaceae (84 genera, 1,234 taxa, 1,851 specimens), LA, MO, NY, US

Scrophulariaceae (85 genera, 943 taxa, 1,075 specimens), US

Violaceae (17 genera, 232 taxa, 321 specimens), NY, US

The data for the Chrysobalanaceae and Dichapetalaceae were provided by Ghillean T. Prance of the New York Botanical Garden from his manuscripts of family monographs for the *Flora Neotropica* series. All type specimens seen by him in the course of his research on these families as of June 1970 are recorded, which means that many herbaria are represented. With respect to these two families, the Type Register is relatively “complete” in the comprehensive, monographic sense in that the file cites the significant types, regardless of where they are on deposit, as they will be cited in the published monograph. (The monographs of these families have since appeared—see Prance 1972a, b.) At the same time the coverage may not be as thorough for any individual herbarium as in the case of the other three families—Lamiaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Violaceae—for which the data were compiled directly from type collections or card files in the herbaria indicated. Within the Scrophulariaceae, contributions to the genus *Mimulus* have been registered by more than a dozen herbaria (CAN, COLO, DAO, F, GH, JEPS, MICH, NY, OSC, PH, UC, LA, LIS, WIS) as a result of Hale’s experiment (see “Introduction”), and there are miscellaneous other contributions to this family recorded from MO, NY, and a few other herbaria.

Apart from the families listed and the genus *Carex,* for which the catalog is appended, several other groups have been completed in some sense. Nearly half of the US types of Asteraceae (Compositae) had been recorded when the switch from a systematic to an alphabetical approach was made, and the file for this family contained as of 30 September 1972 the following: 255 genera, 2,600 taxa, and 2,650 specimens. Several important genera of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) have been completed at least for the US, and the tallies for these genera as of 30 September 1972 were:

*Arabis* (97 taxa, 106 specimens), US

*Draba* (119 taxa, 195 specimens), NY, US

*Lepidium* (29 taxa, 32 specimens), US

*Lesquerella* (38 taxa, 43 specimens), US

*Thlaspi* (15 taxa, 59 specimens), F, GH, MO, NY, RM, S, UC, US, WTU

The data for *Thlaspi* were provided by Patricia Kern Holmgren (1971) of the New York Botanical Garden from her revision of the genus, during which she saw types from the above-indicated ten herbaria. She also provided the data from NY for the genus *Draba.*

Finally, John T. Mickel of the New York Botanical Garden provided significant type data on  the genus *Anemia* subgenus *Coptophyllum* (Schizaeaceae) and its three segregate genera *Aneimiaebotrys, Coptophyllum,* and *Trochopteris* from his monograph of the *Anemia* (Mickel, 1962), and the statistics are: 4 genera, 35 taxa, 81 specimens.

# **Use of Type Register**

Some of the main uses of the Type Register will be obvious from the discussion in the foregoing sections if not from the concept of the Register itself, and other uses will become apparent through study of the *Carex* Catalog and its indices. It should be emphasized that a catalog of this type with the same or other types of indices can be produced for any taxonomic group, large or small, presently registered, although the data have not been edited to the same high degree in any other group thus far. The *Carex* Catalog and each of its indices represent outputs to particular queries. Many other types of queries are possible, and the amount of output depends on the scope of the query and the depth and comprehensiveness of the data base at the time of querying. For example, the request “Print all records of ferns,” would yield a relatively small printout at this stage, because only a few fern types are registered, but eventually such a request could yield an overwhelming printout. In querying the file, the user always must exercise discretion in framing his requests, and to do this he must have a reasonable knowledge of the limits of the machine file beforehand or be guided by someone who is familiar with the file. Otherwise he will make meaningless or impractical requests.

By request the file will be queried at cost for anyone. Any kind of query is welcome, and guidance can be provided in framing queries. It is important at this stage to have feedback from potential users in the form of requests for file queries so that all needs are taken into consideration as the Type Register system undergoes further test and refinement, particularly with respect to report formats. Persons wishing to make extensive use of the Register should plan to spend time in Washington, D.C., working with the project staff at the Smithsonian. The costs and other requirements of such an undertaking should be worked out in advance by consultation with the staff.

The Type Register can be queried or sorted by taxonomic name, author, book or journal title, year of publication, collector, collector’s number, date of collection, country, state or province, county, herbarium, and kind of type or any combination of these. With a query or sort on any of these fields can be printed other selected fields from the same records, as illustrated by the *Carex* Catalog, which is sorted by taxonomic name, and its five indices, which are sorted in the lead field by author, collector, country, publication date, and herbarium, respectively.

With the cooperation of specialists willing to devote time to editing of groups of interest to themselves, other catalogs can be published. **Anyone is invited to propose collaborations in publishing from the Type Register.**

# **A Catalog of the Genus Carex (Cyperaceae)**

STANWYN G. SHETLER*(Editor);* MARY JANE PETRINI, CONSTANCE GRAHAM CARLEY, M. J. HARVEY, LARRY E. MORSE*(Assistant Editors);* THOMAS E. KOPFLER*(Programmer);*AND COLLABORATORS

# **Contributing Institutions**

The ten American herbaria that have collaborated in the *Carex* project to provide data on their re-sective collections of types in this genus are listed here in descending order of number of specimens registered. The name of each herbarium is preceded by its standard international abbreviation as established in the fifth edition of *“Index Herbariorum,* Part I, The Herbaria of the World” (Lanjouw and Stafleu 1964).
| NY   | Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, New York                   |
|------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| GH   | Gray Herbarium, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts                 |
| US   | United States National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. |
| CAS  | Herbarium, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California         |
| F    | John G. Searle Herbarium, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois |
| MO   | Herbarium, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri                    |
| DS   | Dudley Herbarium, Stanford University, Stanford, California                  |
| UC   | Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, California                    |
| A    | Herbarium, Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts    |
| JEPS | Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, California             |

Each institution has contributed to the *Carex* Catalog voluntarily and with little or no outside financial support for work on the Type Register. The FNA program has made use of the Type Register as a pilot project to evaluate various ways of collecting, editing, capturing, and processing hierarchically structured taxon/collection/specimen data. In the course of this work, therefore, small sums of “seed” money were allocated from FNA funds to support data-gathering for the *Carex* project at several of the above institutions. The *Carex* project was undertaken in the first place at the suggestion of the FNA Editorial Committee. The Committee saw in *Carex* a good model of a large genus with a preponderance of North American species which presents a full gamut of nomenclatural and taxonomic problems to cope with in an information system. (The *Carex* project, insofar as FNA was concerned, went beyond the Type Register. While the data were being gathered for the Register, other morphological data were also being assembled by FNA—unpublished *Carex* data on Sections *Montanae* and *Ovales* collected by A. J. Gilmartin and M. B. Moore—to test the matrix techniques of Morse, 1971, for computer-assisted identification and key construction.) Once the *Carex* Catalog was established on the basis of several large herbaria, other major herbaria were able to add their data with a surprisingly low investment of man-hours. The Field Museum, for example, reported just under 35 man-hours—less than a man-week—to compile its data on *Carex* types, at a cost of under $175 for technical labor, but by the time the Museum came into the picture it had the benefit of a basic catalog already including the contributions of A, GH, MO, NY, and US.

Each institution determined its own extent of coverage, and without exception each tried to include all types in the general herbarium which already had been segregated or otherwise identified or which could be identified quickly on the basis of the available computer printout. At the same time, none of the herbaria makes any claim to absolute completeness or thoroughness relative to the number of types in the herbarium, including those still buried in the general collection. A pragmatic philosophy prevailed, with each herbarium doing the best it could under the constraints of its own local circumstances. It might be assumed in general that the coverage is more complete for the herbaria like NY and US which had separate type collections in the first place and had long-established traditions of segregating type specimens from the main herbarium as they are recognized, than for the herbaria without segregated types, but even this assumption can be questioned. At CAS, a folder-by-folder search of *Carex* specimens in the herbarium with printout in hand turned up as many unrecognized type specimens as had previously been recognized and segregated into the type collection. A similar search of North American folders at F resulted likewise in doubling the number of recognized types. If one pass through the herbarium can double the number of types, it certainly cannot be concluded that all types have now been found. From a purely curatorial point of view, therefore, the *Carex* project was very useful in these instances because, as a result, the collection of recognized types was increased by 100 percent.

Clearly it would be unfair to judge the relative size or value of the type collection or even just the *Carex* type collection of any of these ten herbaria on the basis of the present catalog. Much more extensive development of the Type Register is required before such judgment will be warranted. At the same time, the present ranking is almost predictable. An herbarium that is the major depository for the types of a monographer naturally is expected to have a disproportionate number of types in the group (s) on which the monographer worked. The extensive work of monographer K. K. Mackenzie (1931–35, “Cyperaceae-Cariceae,” in *North American Flora)* clearly might be expected, therefore, to have put NY in the first position, and no one will be surprised to find GH and US close behind. Comparison of the NY and US type collections of *Carex* provides a good example of the influence of a monographer on a type collection. Together, NY and US have type specimens for over 400 taxa. Of these taxa, half are represented by type specimens only at NY, while about 40 are represented only at US. Thus, NY has five times more “unique” *Carex* taxa in the Type Register than US. By contrast comparisons in some other groups show NY and US to have about an equal number of “unique” representatives in the Register. CAS is expected to be strong in types of western taxa. In addition, John Thomas has pointed out (personal correspondence) that CAS has a complete set of H. P. Sartwell’s *Carices Americanae Septentrionalis,* Part 1 (nos. 1–70, 1848) and Part 2 (nos. 71–143, 1850), and a “rather good set, but not complete,” of S. T. Olney’s *Carices Boreali Americanae,* distributed in 1870 and 1871. According to Thomas, many CAS specimens bear the annotations of J. W. Stacey, who was connected with CAS and published on western sedges.

Thomas points out these additional interesting facts about the other herbaria in the San Francisco Bay area. Mackenzie, in the course of doing the treatment of *Carex* for Abrams’ *An Illustrated Flora of the Pacific States* (Mackenzie, 1923), determined all the *Carex* specimens at DS from the Pacific States and a number from other regions sometime prior to 1920. The Parish Herbarium, one of the best early collections of southern California plants, is housed at DS. The I. W. Clokey Herbarium, including his sedge types, are at UC, and of course W. L. Jepson’s material is at JEPS.

In general, every curator who collaborated in the *Carex* project felt that his effort had beneficial consequences in the herbarium, and there was a nearly unanimous opinion that the results were well worth the effort from the curatorial standpoint alone.

# **Data-Collection Procedure**

The *Carex* Catalog was initiated with data from the US and MO type collections. For the US, records were converted from the existing card file (see “Source of Data”), while the MO records were captured from data forms filled out at MO in the course of a special search of all the *Carex* type folders, which are distributed through the herbarium in association with the main collections. The special search was undertaken specifically as part of the *Carex* project of FNA.

After a common catalog of the US and MO collections was compiled, members of the Type Register staff moved their data-conversion operation to the New York Botanical Garden for two weeks, where, with the assistance of NY personnel, the NY *Carex* data were compiled and input to the system in a matter of days. The data were compiled from the specimens in the separate type collection, which by and large does not include the literature citations, and supplemented with bibliographic data from reference works, primarily Mackenzie’s (1931–35) monograph of *Carex.*

It should be pointed out that the type collection at NY was first segregated for security reasons during World War II, and the selection had to be done in haste under less than ideal conditions. Consequently, many nontype but historically important specimens, constituting perhaps as much as 25 percent of the total type collection, deliberately were pulled along with the known or presumptive type specimens in the process of going through the main herbarium. The person who compiled *Carex* data attempted to sort out the nontype material, and further culling was done during the editorial process. Undoubtedly some nontype material still remains in the present Catalog, although it seems unlikely that the percentage of such specimens is much if any higher for NY at this stage than for any of the other nine herbaria. In any event, it will be a simple matter to delete nontypes from the file as they are discovered and brought to the attention of the Type Register editors in the future.

Once the NY data were merged fully with the US and MO data, a union catalog was delivered to Harvard University for additions from A and GH. At Harvard, data on types of taxa already registered were annotated in the catalog, and data for taxa new to the catalog were compiled on standard forms. In general, Harvard provided only specimen data, and the bibliographic data were looked up and supplied later by the Type Register staff at the. Smithsonian before annotations and new records where captured and merged with the US + MO + NY machine file.

When the annotated catalog was returned from Harvard, the A and GH annotations were transcribed to the main working catalog at the Smithsonian, and then the Harvard catalog, as annotated, was sent to the Field Museum of Natural History. Sent with the annotated catalog were photocopies of the data forms for the new taxa added by A and GH. In this way it was possible to give the collaborators at F the benefit of the new data supplied by A and GH immediately, while the capture of these new data was still in progress at the Smithsonian. As a further aid to their work, the collaborators at F were provided with an index by collector and collector’s number to the US + MO + NY catalog.

The collaborators in the San Francisco Bay area were provided with a new catalog incorporating the A and GH data along with the US, MO, and NY data, and this catalog also included an index by collector and collector’s number. This catalog was annotated by them with new data from CAS, DS, JEPS, and UC on taxa already registered, and data for taxa new to the file were compiled on standard forms. The annotated catalog and completed forms then were returned to the Smithsonian Institution for input to the system.

At CAS, DS, F, JEPS, and UC the data were compiled in the first instance from the specimens in the herbarium, but in most cases the original publications also were checked when taxa new to the file were involved. Otherwise the bibliographic data were obtained from secondary sources. The original literature was checked for taxon additions without exception at F.

In summary, a round-robin procedure of sorts was used to collect the data. To the extent possible, each new collaborating institution was given the benefit of the latest cumulative catalog incorporating the contributions of previous collaborating herbaria. In this way, maximum advantage could be taken of previous herbarium and library research, and duplication of effort was kept to a minimum. Once the combined data of CAS, DS, TEPS, and UC were returned to the Smithsonian, the data-collection phase was closed out and final editing began.

# **Editorial Process**

All entries were edited in accordance with the principles and procedures set forth in the first part, and the editors take final responsibility for the form and style and all other editorial matters of the present Catalog. To integrate new contributions into the accumulating data base, differences between supposedly identical records from different institutions constantly had to be reconciled by turning to standard references and the original literature. Whenever possible, record content was verified by checking the original publication. In the end, nearly every original description cited in the Catalog was seen at least once by the editors and in many cases several times. In many cases, furthermore, the designation of kind of type was validated according to the *ICBN;* however, because much of the checking of original literature was done by a technical editor, untrained in the application of the type method and terminology, many of the records were verified without being validated, to use the distinction defined in an earlier section (p. 00). According to this distinction, the development of the *Carex* file of the Type Register can be said to have attained the Stage 2 “verification” level overall, with some records still at the Stage 1 “registration” level and with a substantial number of others having been “validated” more or less according to Stage 3 standards. Of course the careful scrutiny of specialists, with appropriate feedback from them, is needed over a period of years before the present *Carex* file can be said to have truly attained Stage 3 development.

While the bibliographic data could be double-checked or supplied (if not provided in the first place) by examining the original publication, the specimen data could be verified in this way only to the extent that the publications gave corroborating details. Ultimately, therefore, each contributing institution is responsible for the reliability of its own specimen data. In the case of NY, however, the editors, who assisted in the data collection itself, share responsibility for the reliability of the specimen data. In any event, citations always were checked against *Index Kewensis* and/or the *Gray Herbarium Index* if the original publications could not be examined.

Editing of this type of open-ended file, in which considerable subjective judgment is required, is a never-ending process, and a reasonable degree of thoroughness is achieved only after many editorial “passes” through the file. The editing proceeded in a series of phases and cycles in which all records were examined a field at a time, by means of *inverted listings* or indices, for consistency and accuracy, and updated printouts were obtained for another editorial round. Thus, for example, title citations were standardized in one editorial phase, while names of authors were standardized in another phase. The editorial corrections for all fields then were merged into a common working hard-copy of the file before the process of updating the machine file was begun. After one cycle of such editing was finished and the file was thought to be “clean,” a new catalog and set of indices were printed out. Then a whole new cycle of editing was begun. This iterative process continued until the editing began to yield diminishing returns and it became necessary to bring the never-ending process to a reasonable stopping point, which the present Catalog is believed to represent. In such a dynamic system, editorial perfection is relative at best, and at this stage the editors certainly make no claim to perfection in any sense of the word, although every effort has been made to be thorough and consistent.

# **Milestone Events**

Computerized data banks are a new development in biology, and there is still much to be learned about the mechanics of creating and maintaining them. The process is all too easily underestimated, especially with respect to manpower requirements, and overly optimistic timetables are the rule. An enormous effort on the part of many individuals went into the creation of the *Carex* Catalog over a period of more than two years. During this time the tedious editorial work seemed to go on endlessly, while technical problems with the systems development and processing also came in a steady stream. The following chronology of milestones in the more than two-year process has a two-fold purpose—first, to provide a practical example of the laborious steps involved in creating a data bank, and, second, to caution against overenthusiasm and oversimplification on the part of others contemplating similar efforts. It must be stressed, however, that all during the two and one-half years other taxonomic groups were being input to the Type Register along with *Carex,* and it never was possible to work exclusively on *Carex.*

**1970**
| January   | Decision made to begin work on genus as part of FNA *Carex* project. Editing of data in US card file begun.                                                                                                                                            |
|-----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| February  | Collection of data begun at MO and first records returned to US for input. Photocopies of all *Carex* records in US card file sent to MO.                                                                                                              |
| March     | New data-capture procedure organized using online, text-editing system.                                                                                                                                                                                |
| April     | All US and MO records input, totaling just over 200 taxa and about 250 specimens.                                                                                                                                                                      |
| May       | First printout of US + MO records produced and edited, and machine file updated. Second printout produced, and copy sent to NY.                                                                                                                        |
| June      | Second printout of US + MO records edited, and machine file updated.                                                                                                                                                                                   |
|           | Members of Type Register staff worked at NY for last two weeks during which time all NY *Carex* records (200+ taxa, 300 specimens), along with records of other groups, were input to the system on-line via telephone to computer in Washington, D.C. |
|           | First printout of new taxa added to file by NY produced.                                                                                                                                                                                               |
| July      | Report on NY work prepared.                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| August    | Printout of NY additions edited, and machine file updated.                                                                                                                                                                                             |
|           | First printout of US + MO + NY records produced.                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| September | US + MO + NY printout edited, and machine file updated.                                                                                                                                                                                                |
|           | Second printout of joint records produced, totaling 415 taxa and 544 specimens.                                                                                                                                                                        |
|           | Decision made to publish a *Carex* catalog as the sample installment of Type Register.                                                                                                                                                                 |
| November  | Preliminary report formats defined for catalog and indices.                                                                                                                                                                                            |
| December  | Use of on-line system discontinued, and paper tape system reorganized and used again.                                                                                                                                                                  |

**1971**
| January–May   | Intensive editing and updating of preliminary *Carex* Catalog (US + MO + NY) continued.                                                              |
|---------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|               | OCR data-capture system inaugurated, and paper tape system phased out.                                                                               |
|               | Sample catalog of 100 *Carex* records with 4 cross-indices produced and distributed to a limited cross-section of taxonomists.                       |
| June          | Preliminary catalog of *Carex* displayed at botanical meetings in Edmonton, Alberta, and copies of sample of 100 records handed out.                 |
|               | Decision made to hold off publication of Catalog at least until GH could be included.                                                                |
| July          | Final printout of US + MO + NY catalog generated for GH.                                                                                             |
| August        | Copy of latest catalog delivered in person to Harvard University for use in compiling data from A and GH; specimen data compiled and returned to US. |
|               | Copy delivered also to NY for final prepublication check; check made and printout returned.                                                          |
|               | Copy sent to MO for final prepublication check.                                                                                                      |
|               | Copy displayed at annual meeting of American Institute of Biological Sciences, Ft. Collins, Colorado.                                                |
|               | Contributions solicited by letter from F, San Francisco Bay area herbaria.                                                                           |
| September     | F indicated willingness to contribute *Carex* records.                                                                                               |
| October       | Arrangements made for F to contribute records, and necessary materials supplied, including index by collector to preliminary catalog.                |
|               | Data collection begun at F.                                                                                                                          |
|               | Editing of A and GH data begun.                                                                                                                      |
|               | Report on progress to meeting of FNA Program Council in Miami, Florida.                                                                              |
| November      | Arrangements made for CAS, DS, JEPS, and UC to contribute, and necessary materials supplied.                                                         |
|               | Copy of collector index sent to MO.                                                                                                                  |
|               | Critique of sample catalog of 100 *Carex* received from F. J. Hermann.                                                                               |
|               | Editing of A and GH data completed, and records input to system.                                                                                     |
| December      | Data collection at F completed.                                                                                                                      |
|               | New cumulative catalog incorporating A, GH, MO, NY, and US produced, with 537 taxa, 542 collections, and 776 specimens.                              |
|               | Four indices in preliminary format generated.                                                                                                        |
|               | COBOL paragraphing (concatenating) program designed, written, and debugged; GIS/COBOL interface programmed and tested.                               |

**1972**
| January       | All data returned from F to US for input.                                                                                                      |
|---------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|               | All data returned by CAS, DS, JEPS, and UC.                                                                                                    |
|               | Limited input with magnetic cartridge system begun.                                                                                            |
|               | Computer program for listing and tallying taxa in Type Register tested.                                                                        |
|               | Data collection phase essentially brought to close.                                                                                            |
|               | Sample catalog produced using COBOL concatenation program.                                                                                     |
| February      | Annotations from catalog used by F and from catalog used by CAS, DS, JEPS, and UC transferred to working copy.                                 |
|               | Editing and final data capture continued apace.                                                                                                |
|               | COBOL concatenating program, including GIS interface, tested satisfactorily.                                                                   |
| March–April   | New cumulative catalog printed, including 600 taxa, 607 collections, and 854 specimens.                                                        |
|               | Nine indices printed for final field-by-field editing.                                                                                         |
|               | Writing of introductory sections of this paper begun.                                                                                          |
| May           | New catalog printed, including 609 taxa, 615 collections, and 1,050 specimens.                                                                 |
|               | New set of nine indices also produced.                                                                                                         |
|               | Editing and updating of file continued.                                                                                                        |
|               | Final prepublication edition of Catalog printed, along with indices, which included 606 taxa, 612 collections, and 1,059 specimens.            |
|               | Final format of Catalog established after various tests with COBOL program.                                                                    |
|               | Several types of computer paper tested.                                                                                                        |
| June          | Camera-ready copy of present Catalog and indices produced for Smithsonian Institution Press, including same data base as final catalog in May. |
| August        | Manuscript and camera-ready copy of Catalogand indices sent to press.                                                                          |

The decision to use *Carex* for the trial publication was made in September 1970, exactly two years before the manuscript finally went to press. What is obvious from this chronology is that for every additional collaborating institution the preparation of a final catalog is delayed at least a few months. Under the best of circumstances, turnaround time between cycles of data-collecting, editing, and processing quickly add up to days, weeks, and months. Clearly, the task of creating a data base of this type is limitless ultimately, and definite bounds must be established if the dynamic process is ever to stand still long enough to yield meaningful products. Desirable as it would have been, therefore, to include many more herbaria in this Catalog, the line had to be drawn finally. If the Catalog had been closed off after the MO, NY, and US contributions, as originally planned, it would have gone to press a year earlier, in mid-1971. The addition of seven more herbaria, including several key ones, surely justifies the year’s delay, but it is doubtful that further delays could be justified at this time for any other herbaria. We believe that it is vitally important now to get the concept of the Type Register across to the botanical community through the medium of the *Carex* Catalog without further delay.

# **Use of *Carex* Catalog**

The *Carex* Catalog consists of the “Catalog of Specimens” and cross-indices to the “Catalog of Specimens” by five different fields (descriptors): (1) “Author Index,” (2) “Publication-Date Index,” (3) “Collector Index,” (4) “Geographic Index,” and (5) “Herbarium Index.” (Hereafter the term “Catalog” is used for the “Catalog of Specimens” proper.) The Catalog is arranged alphabetically by taxon and includes the full unit-record for each taxon, as it is stored in the computer, except for the family and genus names, the data source codes, and several file-control dates and numbers. The family name and genus name, Cyperaceae and *Carex,* respectively, have been omitted because they are the same for all taxa and, printed at the top of each entry, would constitute unnecesary words that would tend only to hide the key words for alphabetization, the epithets. The Catalog is alphabetized, therefore, by the specific and infra-specific epithets.

The indices, in addition to providing access to the Catalog by other criteria than the taxonomic name, represent data files in their own right which may serve a user’s purpose without his ever taking recourse to the main Catalog. They are independent data files because they all include the name of the taxon and one or more other fields that place the key indexing field in the context of related data. The data source code has not been included record by record because it is usually OS; furthermore, the classification of sources has been in use for only a short time and was not used throughout the development of the *Carex* Catalog (see “Data Source Code”).

The Catalog provides citations of original athors and publications, data on type collections, and a list of type specimens known to exist in the ten herbaria surveyed—all subordinated to the taxonomic name. No taxa are included that are not represented by at least one specimen in at least one of the ten herbaria. The organization of the data in the paragraphed unit-entry is as follows:

SPECIFIC EPITHET/RANK/INFRASPECIFIC EPITHET/AUTHOR OF NAME, CITATION OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATION. DATE OF PUBLICATION.

COUNTRY: STATE OR PROVINCE: COUNTY: LOCALITY (COMMENT IF ANY) (COLLECTOR, COLLECTOR’S NUMBER. DATE OF COLLECTION)

HERBARIUM ABBREVIATION/SHEET NUMBER/KIND OF TYPE

HERBARIUM ABBREVIATION [etc., for additional specimen]

COUNTRY [etc., for additional collection]

HERBARIUM ABBREVIATION [etc.]

The five indices are all cross-referenced to the Catalog by means of the specific epithet instead of a page or record number because the unit records in the Catalog are alphabetical by epithet, allowing for fast look-up. Space did not permit printing in-fraspecific epithets in four of the indices; therefore, the specific epithet is prefixed by an asterisk (*) if the record being cross-referenced is not the species itself but one of its infraspecific taxa. This device should permit the user to get to the desired entry almost as quickly as if the infraspecific epithet had been printed, as in the “Herbarium Index.” Content and format are more or less self-evident in each of the indices. **It should be emphasized that these are only five of an almost infinite number of possible indices. Furthermore, they all were generated directly from the exact same data base from which the Catalog itself was produced and have identical data wherever content overlaps.**

The purpose of the “Author Index” is to point to all taxa in the Catalog described by a particular author or combination of authors, and, therefore, the Index is alphabetized primarily by author and secondarily by specific epithet. Combinations of authors are alphabetized as combinations, not as individual authors, owing to present system limitations, A person interested in a particular taxon described by a particular author or author combination can learn quickly from the Index whether there is an entry in the Catalog for this taxon and then go to it. Persons wishing to study an author’s descriptions chronologically, by year of publication, would want to have this Index resequenced with the date rather than the epithet being the secondary sort-key.

The primary sort-key of the “Publication-Date Index” is the year of publication, from the oldest to the youngest, the actual range being from 1803 to 1971. Within each year the secondary sort-key is the specific epithet, which references an entry in the Catalog. This Index should be useful to those who are interested in nomenclatural priority in the genus or in tracing the historical development of knowledge about *Carex.* By itself, the Index, which includes the name of the author or author combination, is a chronological summary of the botanists who have described species in the genus as registered in the Catalog.

The “Collector Index” is in effect a list by collector of collections cited in the Catalog and provides a convenient means of checking any herbarium for type material of taxa recorded thus far in the *Carex* file of the Type Register. Under the name of each collector or combination of collectors are listed the numbers and dates of all collections in the Catalog, cross-referenced by the specific epithets. The name is the primary sort-key, and the specific epithet is the secondary sort-key. A variation of this Index would include a list of all herbaria in which the collector’s type specimens are deposited. In other words, the kind of guide to the location of types that A. S. Hitchcock and his colleagues were trying to compile directly in the 1930s (see “Introduction”) can be produced as a by-product of the Type Register data base. Some interesting observations can be made by comparing the “Collector Index” with the “Author Index.” It becomes clear at once, for example, that while some authors collected almost as many new taxa as they described, others described many more than they collected. Further examination indicates that this difference may reflect the difference between a floristic taxonomist like M. L. Fernald, who tended to describe his own species, and a monographic worker like K. K. Mackenzie, who described taxa from among specimens of many collectors amassed for a study of the genus.

The “Geographic Index” provides access to the collections of the Catalog primarily by country of origin and secondarily by state, province, or equivalent. The specific epithet, which is the cross-reference to the Catalog, is the tertiary sort-key. The value of this Index will be obvious at once to floristic workers who wish to know which taxa in their region are typified by specimens collected within the region, e.g., within the State of California.

The “Herbarium Index,” alphabetized in the first instance by institution, lists alphabetically by specific and infraspecific epithets under each of the ten institutions the taxa in the Catalog for which they hold type specimens. The herbarium sheet number, if there is one, and the kind of type are listed also. The sheet number is the tertiary sort-key. Many of the type designations have not been validated, and the problems of validating kind of type have been discussed at length earlier in this paper (pp. 8 and 19–21). For this reason many of the type specimens registered still carry the original designation of the herbarium submitting the data.

The following informal or archaic terms, which appear in the Catalog and in the “Herbarium Index” but which are not sanctioned by the *ICBN,* require brief definition of their meaning or apparent meaning in the Catalog. It should be pointed out, however, that the presence of a correct term (e.g., holotype, isotype) is no guarantee that it has been used correctly. A large number of the designations have been validated, and where the terminology seems to be used consistently within a collection, e.g., where one holotype and one or more isotypes are indicated, it can be assumed that the designations were validated.
| *rotype*          | Presumptive syntype or isosyntype, but may be isotype or paratype, if a type at all.                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
|-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| *type*            | Presumptive holotype, but may be isotype, syntype, isosyntype, or paratype, if a type at all.                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| *type collection* | Term used in a proper sense tor a specimen of a single collection cited by original author without designating a holotype—in this sense, a syntype or isosyntype according to *ICBN* (see pp. 19–21) ; otherwise term flags a presumptive syntype, isosyntype, paratype, or even isotype, if a type at all.     |
| *type fragmen*    | Presumably fragment of the holotype, but may be fragment of isotype, syntype, isosyntype, paratype, or other kind of type, if of type at all.                                                                                                                                                                   |
| *type material*   | Presumptive type specimen of some kind—catchall term.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |

The Catalog and Indices were printed by computer directly from the data base, and not a single change has been made. What is presented here is *exactly* what was stored on the machine file as of 16 June 1972, with the exception of punctuation between fields which may have been added in the process of concatenation. Because the system provided only for printing in upper case letters, possibilities for variation of typography were limited. **Boldfacing** by overprinting the same words two or more times was used for the specific and infraspecific epithets, and in the process it was necessary also to boldface rank designators connecting epithets. Thus the taxon names stand out from the rest of the text and facilitate searching the Catalog. Insofar as practical, the standard conventions of punctuation in nomenclatural literature were used.

# **Errata**

Several errors were detected in the Catalog after the camera-ready copy had been produced. By record number in the Catalog, these are:

No. 2. **ABLATA** BAILEY, L. H. The citation following the author’s name is to the place where the neotype is designated, because the original publication did not designate a type specimen, and the citation of Bailey’s original publication is cited as a parenthetic remark at the end of the geographic locality. To be consistent with the rest of the Catalog, however, where the citation after the author is *always* the citation of the original publication, the editors should have reversed the two citations in this record. As a result of this editorial error, Bailey in the “Author Index” and “Publication-Date Index” appears to have described *C. ablata* in 1935, when Mackenzie designated the neotype, rather than in 1888. This error does point up the problem of dealing with neotypes, however, and a certain logic can be advanced for either way of handling the two citations.

No. 99. **CHIHUAHUAENSIS.** Spell **CHIHUAHUENSIS,** omitting second **“A.”**

No. 418. **PIRCHINCHENSIS.** Spell **PICHENCHENSIS,** omitting **“R.”**

No. 424. **PLUVICA.** Spell **PLUVIA,** omitting **“C.”**

No. 446. **PURPUREOVAGINATA.** Spell **PURPUREO-VAGINATA,** inserting hyphen.

No. 448. **PYCNOTHYSOS.** Spell **PYCNOTHYRSOS,** inserting **“R.”**

No. 544. **TENERA VAR. RICHII** FERNALD, M. L. At the end of the geographic locality, MIDDLESEX FALLS should read MIDDLESEX FELLS.

No. 549. **TERRAE-NOVAE** FERNALD, M. L. The hyphen should be removed from the collector’s name GIL-BERT-JR., F.A. The practice of joining Jr. to the end of the collector’s or author’s last name by a hyphen in this manner was required by the specifications of the pilot processing system, but this requirement no longer obtains.

*Note:* Changes in spelling of specific epithets also apply wherever these epithets have appeared in the indices.

# **Statistical Summary of Catalog**

| 606   | taxa (species, subspecies — SSP, varieties — VAR, forms—FOR, nothomorphs—NM.)         |
|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 612   | collections                                                                           |
| 1,059 | specimens (sheets)                                                                    |

**CATALOG OF SPECIMENS**

**-A-**

**1. ABDITA** BICKNELL,E.P., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:492. 1908.

USA: NEW YORK: LONG ISLAND, RICHMOND HILL (BICKNELL,E.P., ---. 11 MAY 1904)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**2. ABLATA** BAILEY,L.H., N. AMER. FL. 18:314. 1935.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: VANCOUVER ISLAND, MOUNT MARK; ALT. 2500 FT.; (ORIG. PUB.: BOT. GAZ. 13:82. 1888.) (MACOUN,JOHN, 13401. 26 JUL 1887)
| GH |  | ISONEOTYPE |
|----|--|------------|
| NY |  | ISONEOTYPE |

**3. ABORIGINUM** JONES,M.E., BULL. MONTANA STATE UNIV., BIOL. SER. 15:69.1910.

USA: IDAHO: ADAMS CO.: INDIAN VALLEY; ALT. 2300 FT. (JONES,M.E., ---. 12 JUL 1899)
| CAS | 242617 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| DS  | 149709 | ISOTYPE |
| NY  |        | ISOTYPE |

**4. ABRAMSII** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:482. 1909.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN BERNARDINO CO.: SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, BEAR VALLEY (ABRAMS,L., 2816. 31 JUL 1902)
| DS | 55317  | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| F  | 186491 | ISOTYPE  |
| NY |        | HOLOTYPE |

**5. ABRUPTA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:618. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: BUTTE CO.: STIRLING CITY; ALT. 3000 FT. (HELLER,A.A., 10820. 07 JUN 1913)
| DS | 64125 | ISOTYPE  |
|----|-------|----------|
| NY |       | HOLOTYPE |

**6. ABSCONDITA VAR. ROSTELLATA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA, 44:386. 1942.

USA: VIRGINIA: ISLE OF WIGHT CO.: LEE’S MILL (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 12012. 08 JUN 1940)
| GH |         | ISOTYPE         |
|----|---------|-----------------|
| MO |         | TYPE COLLECTION |
| NY |         | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US | 2003161 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**7. X ABSCONDITIFORMIS** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:387. 1942.

USA: VIRGINIA: SUSSEX CO.: NOTTOWAY RIVER, HUSKE (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 12969. 13 JUN 1941)
| GH |         | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| GH |         | ISOTYPE  |
| MO | 1306480 | ISOTYPE  |
| NY |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US | 2003299 | ISOTYPE  |

**8. ACCEDENS** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 16:457. 1903.

USA: OREGON: MULTNOMAH CO.: SAUVIE ISLAND (COLUMBIA RIVER AT MOUTH OF WILLAMETTE RIVER) (HOWELL,T.J., ---. --- MAY 1880)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| MO |  | SYNTYPE |

**9. ACROPHILA** BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:114. 1947.

INDONESIA: WEST NEW GUINEA: LAKE HABBEMA; (COUNTRY AS “DUTCH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 9515. -- AUG 1938)
| A |  | ISOTYPE |
|---|--|---------|

**10. ACUTA VAR. PALLIDA** BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:166, PL.554.1867

USA: OREGON: “FORT COLVILLE TO ROCKY MOUNTAINS, WEST KOOTENAY” (LYALL,DAVID,---. -- ---1861)
| GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**11. ACUTINA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:52. 1889.

USA: OREGON: DESCHUTES RIVER (HOWELL,T.J., 935. 09 MAY 1885)
| F  | 206585 | TYPE MATERIAL   |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| GH |        | ISOTYPE         |
| NY |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US | 25164  | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US | 817087 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**12. ACUTIMELLA** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:407. 1935.

USA: OREGON: -- (HENDERSON,L.F., 13. -- --- 1883)
| US | 27286 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|-------|----------|

**13. ADUSTA VAR. GLOMERATA** OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 9:139. 1884.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KENT CO.: SALMON RIVER (FOWLER,J., ---. -- --- 1872)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**14. AENEA** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:480. 1902.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: GRAFTON CO.: FRANCONIA, FOREST HILLS HOUSE (FAXON,E. AND FAXON,C.E.,---. 23 JUN 1888)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**15. AEQUA** CLARKE,C.B., BULL. MISC. INFORM. ADD.SER.8:86. 1908.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN MATEO CO.: SAN MATEO, CRYSTAL SPRINGS LAKE (BAKER,C.F., 811. 10 MAY 1902)
| GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |

**16. AESTIVALIFORHIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:238. 1910.

USA: NEW JERSEY: PASSAIC CO.: GREENWOOD LAKE (MACKENZIE,K.K., 2676. 23 JUN 1907)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE       |
|----|--|---------------|
| MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL |

**17. AESTIVALIS** CURTIS,M.A. EX GRAY,A., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 42:28. 1841.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: -- (CURTIS,M.A., ---. -- JUL 1841)
| MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|
| NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL |

**18. AGGLOMERATA** MACKENZ IE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 33:442. 1906.

USA: MISSOURI: JACKSON CO.: COURTNEY (BUSH,B.F., 1718. 25 MAY 1902)
| MO |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| US | 440179 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**19. AGGREGATA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:246. 1910.

USA: MISSOURI: JACKSON CO.: COURTNEY (BUSH,B.F., 1718. 25 MAY 1902)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**20. AGROSTOIDES** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:607. 1907.

USA: NEW MEXICO: SOCORRO CO.: LUNA; ALT. 6500 FT. (WOOTON,E.O.,-- ---. 28 JUL 1900)
| US | 617798 | TYPE |
|----|--------|------|
| US | 694342 | TYPE |

**21. ALATA** TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:396. 1836.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: CRAVEN CO.: NEW BERN (CROOM,H.B., ---.-- --- 1834)
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**22. ALATA VAR. FERRUGINEA** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:477, PL.2. 1902.

USA: OHIO: -- (SULLIVANT,W.S., ---. --)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**23. ALBIDA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:9. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SANTA ROSA CREEK (BIGELOW,J.M., --- -- --- 1853-1854)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**24. ALBO-NIGRA** MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 137, 1060. 1917.

USA: WYOMING: PARK CO.: NEEDLE MOUNTAIN (CARY,M., 613. 11 JUL 1910)
| US | 858947 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|

**25. ALMA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:50. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: - (PARRY,C.C. AND LEMMON,J.G., 396. -- --- 1876)
| CAS | 497554 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| NY  |        | SOTYPE  |

**26. ALOPECOIDEA** TUCKERMAN,E., ENUM. CARIC. 18. 1843.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., --	-. --)
| F  | 32699  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| F  | 32700  | ISOTYPE |
| F  | 56916  | ISOTYPE |
| F  | 349624 | ISOTYPE |
| F  | 373673 | ISOTYPE |
| F  | 373679 | ISOTYPE |
| GH |        | ISOTYPE |
| NY |        | ISOTYPE |

**27. ALOPECOIDEA VAR. SPARSI-SPICATA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 8:350. 1849.

USA: MICHIGAN: MACOMB CO.: WASHINGTON (COOLEY,D., 74. ---)
| CAS | 553879 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| GH  |        | ISOTYPE |
| NY  |        | ISOTYPE |

**28. AMPHIBOLA** STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:234. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND, T., 437. -- -)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**29. AMPHIBOLA VAR. TURGIDA** FERNALD, M.L., RHODORA 44:311. 1942.

USA: NEW YORK: TOMPKINS CO.: ITHACA (WIEGAND,K.M. AND THOMAS,C.C., 1915. 15 JUN 1914)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**30. AMPLISQUAMA** HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 57:158. 1955.

USA: GEORGIA: GILMER CO.: CHATSWORTH (PYRON,J.H. AND MCVAUGH,R., 2951. 15 MAY 1938)
| US | 2231424 | TYPE |
|----|---------|------|

**31. ANGUSTIOR** MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 124, 1060. 1917.

USA: DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: - (STEELE,E.S., ---. -- --- 1896)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**32. ANGUSTIOR VAR. GRACILENTA** CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A., RHODORA 41:30. 1939.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: CENTRE CO.: INGLEBY (CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A., 2532. 06 JUN 1937)
| GH |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**33. ANTHOXANTHERA** PRESL,K.B., REL. HAENK. 3:203. 1828.

USA: ALASKA: NUTKA SOUND (“SINUS NUTKA”) (HAENKE,T., ---. ---)
| US | 865058 | TYPE |
|----|--------|------|

**34. APERTA** BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J., FL. BOR.-AMER. 2:218. 1839 (“1840”).

USA: WASHINGTON: COLUMBIA RIVER (SCOULER,J., ---. ---)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**35. APERTA VAR. UMBROSA** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 26:254. 1929.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: BINGEN (SUKSDORF,W.N., 12347. ---)
| CAS | 242962 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

**36. APERTA VAR. VIRIDANS** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 26:254. 1929.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: BINGEN (SUKSDORF,W.N., 12348. 15 SEP-23 OCT 1927)
| CAS | 242961 | SYNTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: BINGEN (SUKSDORF,W.N., 12359. 23 OCT 1927)
| CAS | 242960 | SYNTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

**37. APODA** CLOKEY,I.W., AMER. J. SCI. SER.5, 3:88, PL.2. 1922.

USA: IDAHO: CUSTER CO.: MACKAY (NELSON,A. AND MACBRIDE,J.F., 1533. 01 AUG 1911)
| NY |        | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| UC | 905439 | HOLOTYPE |

**38. APOOOSTACHYA** OHWI,J., JAP. J. BOT. 7:188. 1934.

TAIWAN: -: MOUNT NANKO-TAISAN (OHWI,J., 4182. -- JUL 1933)
| F | 1464064 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|---|---------|---------------|

**39. AQUATILIS** WAHLENBERG,G., KONGL. VETENSK. ACAD. NYA HANDL. 24:165. 1803.

USA: NEW YORK: SENECA CO.: JUNIUS (SARTWELL,H.P., 56. ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**40. AQUATILIS VAR. SUBSTRICTA** KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:309. 1909.

USA: NEW YORK: SENECA CO.: JUNIUS (SARTWELL,H.P., 56. ---)
| CAS | 554019 | ISOTYPE         |
|-----|--------|-----------------|
| GH  |        | ISOTYPE         |
| MO  |        | TYPE COLLECTION |

**41. ARAPAHOENSIS** CLOKEY,I.W., RHODORA 21:83. 1919.

USA: COLORADO: BOULDER CO.: MOUNT ARAPAHOE; ALT. 11700 FT. (CLOKEY,I.W., 3227. 29 JUL 1918)
| CAS | 102030 | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|--------|----------|
| DS  | 109019 | ISOTYPE  |
| GH  |        | ISOTYPE  |
| NY  |        | ISOTYPE  |
| UC  | 905436 | HOLOTYPE |

**42. ARCTAEFORMIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:97. 1931.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: ELGIN (HENRY,J.K., 9152. C4 JUN 1915)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**43. ARCTICA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 27:239. 1835.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51’N., 106 13’W.) (RICHARDSON,J., ---. ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**44. ARGYRANTHA** TUCKERMAN,E. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 29:346. 1860.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPSHIRE CO.: AMHERST (TUCKERMAN,E., -----)-
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| GH |  | ISOTYPE  |

**45. ARISTATA VAR. LONGO-LANCEOLATA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 18:102. 1854.

USA: NEBRASKA: BAD LANDS (“MAUVAIS TERRES”) (HAYDEN,F.V., ---. -- --- 1853)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**46. ARSENII** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:326. 1910.

MEXICO: MICHOACAN: MORELIA (ARSENE,G.(FRERE), 3054. 16 JUL 1909)
| GH |         | ISOTYPE         |
|----|---------|-----------------|
| NY |         | ISOTYPE         |
| US | 1030011 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**47. ARTITECTA VAR. SUBTILIROSTRIS** HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 40:79. 1938.

USA: INDIANA: VERMILLION CO.: CLINTON (DEAM,C.C., 54764. 05 MAY 1934)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**48. ASSINIBOINENSIS** BOOTT,W., BOT. GAZ. 9:91. 1884.

CANADA: MANITOBA: ASSINIBOINE RAPIDS (MACOUN,JOHN, 52. 14 JUN 1879)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**49. ATHABASCENSIS** HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:111. 1957.

CANADA: ALBERTA: JASPER NATIONAL PARK, ATHABASCA RIVER, ATHABASCA FALLS (HERMANN,F.J., 13498. 28 AUG 1956)
| US | 2265958 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|

**50. ATHROSTACHYA** OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:393. 1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BOLANDER,H.N., 6213. 17 JUN 1863)
| NY |        | SYNTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| US | 319165 | SYNTYPE |

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BREWER,W.H., 1650. 17 JUN 1863)
| MO |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |

**51. ATRACTODES** HERMANN,F.J., J. WASH. ACAD. SCI. 40:283. 1950.

MEXICO: CHIAPAS: COMITAN (SHARP,A.J., 45450. 29 APR 1945)
| NY |         | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|
| US | 2133192 | TYPE    |

**52. ATROFUSCA VAR. OECOLORATA** PORSILD,A. E., SARGENTIA 4:20. 1943.

CANADA: NORTHWEST TERRITORIES: MACKENZIE DISTRICT: GREAT BEAR LAKE, CAPE MCDONNELL (PORSILD,A.E. AND PORSILD,R.T., 5120. 02 AUG 1928)
| US | 2096188 | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|

**53. ATROSQUAMA** MACKENZIE,K.K., PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. 25:51. 1912.

CANADA: ALBERTA: SMOKY RIVER (HOLLISTER,N., 14. 05 AUG 1911)
| NY |        | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| US | 622651 | HOLOTYPE |

**54. AUREA VAR. ANDROGYNA** OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S., BOT. U.S. GEOL. EXPLOR. 40TH PAR. 371. 1871.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: ERIE CO.: ERIE, PRESQUE ISLE (PENINSULA) (GARBER,A.P., ---. 09 JUN 1869)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**55. AUROLENSIS** STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:223. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., 431. -- ---1832)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**56. AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA** BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:428. 1893.

USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: PICKENS CO.: TABLE MOUNTAIN (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---. --)
| MO | 1834152 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|

**57. AUSTROMONTANA** PARISH,S.B., BULL. S. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. 4:108, PL.15. 1905.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN BERNARDINO CO.: MILL CREEK FALLS; ALT. 6000 FT. (PARISH,S.B., 2485. 03 JUL 1892)
| DS | 489410 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--------|----------|

**58. AUTUMNALIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:66. 1931.

MEXICO: MEXICO: FLOR DE MARIA (PRINGLE,C.G., 4275. 03 OCT 1892)
| F  | 264169 | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| MO |        | ISOTYPE  |
| US | 817295 | HOLOTYPE |

**59. AZTECICA** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:229. 1935.

MEXICO: OAXACAi SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE; ALT. 2300 M. (PRINGLE,C.G., 4839. 19 AUG 1894)
| GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|
| MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION |

**60. AZUAYAE** STEYERMARK,J.A., PHYTOLOGIA 9:337. 1964.

ECUADOR: AZUAY: TOREADOR (STEYERMARK,J.A., 53105. 15 JUN 1943)
| F  | 1266184 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|---------|---------------|
| NY |         | ISOTYPE       |
| US | 1933437 | ISOTYPE       |

**-B-**

**61. BACKANA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:250. 1836.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51'N., 106 13'W.) (RICHARDSON,J., 417. ---)
| GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**62. BACKII** BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J., FL. BOR.-AMER. 2:210. 1839 (“1840”).

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51’N., 106 13’W.) (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |

**63. BALTZELLII** CHAPMAN,A.W. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 3:335. 1847.

USA: FLORIDA: BEAR CREEK (CHAPMAN,A.W., ---. ---)
| NY |  | COTYPE |
|----|--|--------|

**64. BAMBUSETORUM** MERRILL,E.D., PHILIPP. J. SCI. 13:132. 1918.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: LOH-FAU-SHAN (MOUNTAIN) (MERRILL,E.D., 10985. 12 AUG 1917)
| US | 2333748 | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|

**65. BANKSII** BOOTT,F., TRANS. LINN. SOC. LONDON 20:119. 1846.

ARGENTINA: TIERRA DEL FUEGO (TERRITORY): TIERRA DEL FUEGO (BANKS,J. AND SOLANDER,D.C., ---. -- --- 1769)
| MO | 1611724 | SYNTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|
| US | 1232938 | SYNTYPE |

**66. BARBARAE** DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H., REP. U.S. MEX. BOUND. SURV., BOT. 2(1):231. 1859.

USA: CALIFORNIA: LOS ANGELES CO.: SANTA BARBARA (PARRY,C.C., ---. -- --- 1850)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

**67. BARRATTII** SCHWEINITZ,L.D. AND TORREY.J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:361. 1824.

USA: NEW JERSEY: CAPE MAY CO.: CAPE MAY (COLLINS,Z., ---. ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**68. BARTLETTII** O’NEILL,H.T., PUBL. CARNEGIE INST. WASH. 522:255. 1940.

BRITISH HONDURAS: CAYO: MOUNT PINE RIDGE (BARTLETT,H.H., 11718A. 24 FEB 1931)
| F  | 999642 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|
| GH |        | ISOTYPE       |
| NY |        | TYPE          |

**69. BAYARDI** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:71. 1942.

USA: VIRGINIA: SOUTHAMPTON CO.: DREWRYVILLE (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND SMART,R.F., 5677. 22 JUN 1936)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**70. BILTMOREANA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:234. 1910.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: SATULA MOUNTAIN (---, 268B. 25 MAY 1897)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| NY |  | TYPE    |

**71. BIPARTITA VAR. AUSTRONONTANA** HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 10:16. 963.

USA: COLORADO: BOULDER CO.: NEDERLAND, NOWIT RIDGE; ALT. 11500 FT. (HERMANN,F.J., 17059. 15 AUG 1961)
| CAS | 430881 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

**72. BONANZENSIS** BRITTON,N.L., BULL. NEW YORK BOT. GARD. 2:160. 1901.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: BONANZA RIVER (WILLIAMS,R.S., ---. 8 JUN 1899)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**73. BONPLANOII VAR. MINOR** BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., PROC. ACAD. NAT. SCI. PHILADELPHIA 1863:77. 1863.

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS; LAT. 39-41 N. (HALL,E. AND HARBOUR,J.P., 591. -- ---1862)
| F  | 314869 | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| F  | 456934 | ISOTYPE  |
| GH |        | HOLOTYPE |
| MO |        | ISOTYPE  |

**74. BRACHYPODA** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:302. 1905.

USA: OREGON: KLAMATH CO.: CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, CATHEDRAL SPRING (COVILLE,F.V., 1455. 11 SEP 1902)
| US | 415269 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|

**75. BRAINEROII** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 40:534. 1913.

USA: CALIFORNIA: EL DORADO CO.: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, SLIPPERY FORD (BRAINERD,E., 121. 19 JUL 1897)
| US | 964504 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|

**76. BREVICAULIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 40:547. 1913.

USA: OREGON: LINCOLN CO.: YAQUINA BAY (HOWELL,T.J., 2994. --- MAY 1886)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**77. BREVIS** BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:111. 1947.

PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: PAPUA (TERRITORY): OWEN STANLEY RANGE, MOUNT ALBERT EDWARD; (COUNTRY AS “BRITISH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 4418. -- MAY-JUL 1933)
| A |  | ISOTYPE |
|---|--|---------|

**78. BREVISQUAMA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:152. 1907.

USA: WYOMING: SWEETWATER CO.: RED DESERT, ORENDO BUTTE (NELSON,A., 7124. 11 JUN 1900)
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**79. BREWER** BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:142, PL.455. 1867.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SISKIYOU CO.: MOUNT SHASTA (BREWER,W.H., 1422. -- ---1863)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**80. BRONGNIARTII VAR. DENSA** BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:137. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARK WEST CREEK (BIGELOW,J.M., --- -- -. -- 1853-1854)
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**81. BRUNNEA VAR. SUBTEIOGYNA** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:8 1910

PHILIPPINES: BENGUET: LUZON (ISLAND), MOUNT PULOG (MERRILL,E.D., 6505. -- MAY 1909)
| US | 711129 | TYPE |
|----|--------|------|

**82. BUCKLEYI** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 48:143. 1845.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: MITCHELL CO.: ROAN MOUNTAIN (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---.--- )
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**83. BULBOSTYLIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:617. 1915.

USA: TEXAS: TARRANT CO.: FORT WORTH (RUTH,A., 360. 12 APR 1913)
| MO | 710112 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| US | 587668 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**84. BURCHELLIAMA** BOECKELER,J.O., LINNAEA 41:234. 1877.

SOUTH AFRICA: --: -- (BURCHELL,W.J., 1911. ---)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**85. BUSHII** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:241. 1910.

USA: ARKANSAS: HEMPSTEAD CO.: FULTON (BUSH,B.F., 2514. 30 APR 1905)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

-C-

**86. CAESARIENSIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:440. 1935.

USA: NEW JERSEY: CAMDEN CO.: LAUREL SPRINGS (LONG,B., F23212. 15 JUN 1920)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| NY |  | TYPE    |

**87. CALIFORNICA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:9. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4741. 01 MAY 1866)
| CAS | 383776 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|-----|--------|-----------------|
| DS  | 49734  | TYPE COLLECTION |
| MO  |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
| NY  |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US  | 29741  | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US  | 319268 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**88. CAMPLYOCARPA** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:304. 1905.

USA: OREGON: KLAMATH CO.: CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, CATHEDRAL SPRING (COVILLE,F.V., 1457. 11 SEP 1902)
| US | 690937 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|

**89. CAMPYLOCARPA SSP. AFFINIS** MAGUIRE,B. AND HOLMGREN,A.H., LEAFL. W. BOT. 4:262. 1946.

USA: UTAH: JUAB CO.: DEEP CREEK RANGE, INDIAN FARM CREEK (MAGUIRE,B. AND HOLMGREN,A.H., 21947. 16 JUL 1943)
| CAS | 334353  | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|---------|----------|
| NY  |         | HOLOTYPE |
| US  | 1885701 | ISOTYPE  |

**90. CANESCENS VAR. OISJUNCTA** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:488, PL.5. 1902.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: VICTORIA CO.: SERPENTINE RIVER (HAY,G.U., 84. 24 JUL 1900)
| GH |  | PARATYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**91. CANESCENS VAR. DUBIA** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 9:119. 1884.

USA: UTAH: BEAR RIVER CANYON; ALT. 10000 FT. (WATSON,S., 1231A. -- AUG 1869)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**92. CANESCENS VAR. SPHAEROSTACHYA** TUCKERMAN,E., ENUM. CARIC. 19. 1843.

USA: --: NEW ENGLAND (---, --. -- ---1843)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE         |
|----|--|-----------------|
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |

**93. CAREYANA** TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 30:60. 1836.

USA: NEW YORK: CAYUGA CO.: AUBURN (CAREY,J., ---. -- MAY 1832)
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**94. CAROLINIANA** BUCKLEY,S.B., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 45:173. 1843.

USA: SOUTH CAROLINA: PICKENS CO.: TABLE MOUNTAIN (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---, ---)
| GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |

**95. CEPHALOPHORA VAR. MAXIMA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 3:92.1842.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., ---. ---)
| GH |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**96. CHALCIOLEPIS** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 16:21,28. 1903.

USA: COLORADO: MINERAL CO.: PAGOSA PEAK (BAKER,C.F., 226. -- AUG 1899)
| GH |        | SYNTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| MO |        | SYNTYPE |
| NY |        | SYNTYPE |
| US | 368814 | SYNTYPE |

**97. CHAPMANI** SARTWELL,H.P. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 19:254. 1855.

USA: FLORIDA: -- (CHAPMAN,A.W., 113. ---)
| CAS | 553918 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| US  | 28433  | ISOTYPE |

**98. CHIAPENSIS** HERMANN,F.J., BRITTONIA 19:68. 1967.

MEXICO: CHIAPAS: CHAMULA (BREEDLOVE,D.E., 6714. 30 JUL 1964)
| F  | 1620435 | ISOTYPE  |
|----|---------|----------|
| NY |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US | 2460272 | HOLOTYPE |

**99. CHIHUAHUAENSIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:265 1908.

MEXICO: CHIHUAHUA: PUERTA DE ST. DIEGO; ALT. 6500 FT. (HARTMAN,C.V., 620. 12 APR 1891)
| F  | 49642  | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| NY |        | HOLOTYPE |
| US | 306281 | ISOTYPE  |

**100. CHIKUNGANA** BAILEY,L.H., GENTES HERB. 1:13. 1920.

CHINA: HUPEH AND HONAN: CHIKUNGSHAN (BAILEY,L.H., ---. 13 JUN 1917)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**101. CILIARIS** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 43:61. 1907.

MEXICO: HIDALGO: LENA STATION (PRINGLE,C.G., 10039. 26 AUG 1905)
| CAS | 232050 | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|--------|----------|
| CAS | 445943 | ISOTYPE  |
| F   | 202021 | ISOTYPE  |
| GH  |        | HOLOTYPE |
| MO  |        | ISOTYPE  |
| NY  |        | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 462090 | ISOTYPE  |

**102. CINNAMOMEA** OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:396. 1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: HUMBOLDT CO.: RED MOUNTAIN (BOLANDER,H.N., 6477. --- ---1866)
| CAS | 553874 | TYPE FRAGMENT   |
|-----|--------|-----------------|
| GH  |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US  | 28457  | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US  | 319228 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**103. CIRCINNATA** MEYER,C.A., MEM. ACAD. IMP. SCI. ST.-PETERSBOURG DIVERS SAVANS 1:209, PL.6. 1831.

USA: ALASKA: ALEUTIAN ISLANDSt UNALASKA (ISLAND) (CHAMISSO,L.A., ---. --- )
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**104. CLADOSTACHYA VAR. MAXIMA** KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:268. 1909.

BOLIVIA: --: -- (BANG,M., 2210. ---)
| US | 350077 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|

**105. CLIVICOLA** FERNALD,M.L. AND WEATHERBY,C.A., RHODORA 33:233. 1931.

CANADA: QUEBEC: GASPE CO.: MOUNT SAINT PIERRE (FERNALD,M.L.; WEATHERBY,C.A. AND STEBBINS,G.L., 2411. 05 JUL 1931)
| GH |         | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| US | 1839933 | ISOTYPE  |

**106. COLLECTA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 11:314. 1826.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPSHIRE CO.: WORTHINGTON (DEWEY,C.,---. -- )
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**107. COLUMBIANA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 30:62. 1836.

USA: --: COLUMBIA RIVER (SCOULER,J., ---. --- )
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**108. COMANS VAR. STRICTA** CHEESEMAN,T.F., TRANS. 6 PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 24:415. 1892.

NEW ZEALAND: CANTERBURY (DISTRICT): SOUTH ISLAND, LAKE TEKAPO; ALT. 250P FT. (CHEESEMAN,T.F., ---. -- JAN 1883)
| US | 2038822 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|---------|-----------------|

**109. COMMUNIS** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:41. 1889.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 108. -- --- 1848)
| CAS | 553913 | SYNTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

**110. CONCINNOIOES** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 33:440. 1906.

USA: MONTANA: FLATHEAD CO.: COLUMBIA FALLS (WILLIAMS,R.S., ---. 07 JUN 1893)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**111. CONFERTIFLORA** BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:418. 1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C.,---. -- JUN 1855)
| US | 27235 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|-------|---------------|

**112. CONJUNCTA** BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 3:122, PL.392. 1862.

USA: OHIO: FRANKLIN CO.: COLUMBUS (SULLIVANT,W.S., ---. ---)
| CAS | 383550 | SYNTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| GH  |        | SYNTYPE |

**113. CONSPECTA** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:294. 1935.

MEXICO: PUEBLA: PUEBLA (ARSENE,G.(FRERE), 1359. 01 AUG 1907)
| US | 1032323 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|

**114. COMSTANCEANA** STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:123. 1938.

USA: WASHINGTON: YAKIMA CO.: MOUNT ADAMS (“PADOO”), WODEN VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 6864. 16 AUG 1909)
| CAS | 242987 | HOLOTYPE |
|-----|--------|----------|
| DS  | 269649 | ISOTYPE  |
| NY  |        | ISOTYPE  |

**115. CONVOLUTA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:428. 1916.

USA: NEW JERSEY: MORRIS CO.: BUDD’S LAKE (MACKENZIE,K.K., 2088., 10 JUN 1906)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**116. COOLEYI** DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 48:144. 1845.

USA: MICHIGAN: MACOMB CO.: WASHINGTON (COOLEY,D., ---. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**117. COSTATA** SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:67. 1824.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: NORTHAMPTON CO.: EASTON (SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ---, ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**118. CRANDALLII** GANDOGER,M., BULL. SOC. BOT. FRANCE 66:295. 1920.

USA: COLORADO: SUMMIT CO.: GRAYS PEAK (JONES,M.E., 834. 28 AUG 1878)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**119. CRAWFORDII** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:469, PL.l. 1902.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: COOS CO.: MOUNT WASHINGTON, BETWEEN MARSHFIELD AND CRAWFORDS (FAXON,E. AND FAXON,CE.,---. 06 JUL 1878)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**120. CRAWFORDII VAR. VIGENS** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:470, PL.l. 1902.

CANADA: QUEBEC: GASPE CO.: EAST GASPE (MACOUN,JOHN, 6. 01 AUG 1882)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**121. CREBRIFLORA** WIEGAND,K.M., RHODORA 24:197. 1922.

USA: FLORIDA: GADSDEN CO.: APPALACHICOLA RIVER, CHATTAHOOCHEE (CURTISS,A.H., 3267. -- SEP 1882)
| F  | 26304 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|-------|---------------|
| GH |       | TYPE          |
| NY |       | TYPE          |

**122. CRINITA VAR. BREVICRINIS** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 48:54. 1946.

USA: VIRGINIA: DINWIDDIE CO.: ROWANTA (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 8143. 08 JUN 1938)
| GH |        | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--------|----------|
| US | 278555 | ISOTYPE  |

**123. CRINITA VAR. MINOR** BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 1:18. 1858.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 78. ---)
| CAS | 553883 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|-----|--------|-----------------|

**124. CRINITA VAR. SIMULANS** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. PORTLAND SOC. NAT. HIST. 2:135. 1897.

USA: MAINE: PISCATAQUIS CO.: GREENVILLE (FERNALD,M.L., 264. 04 JUL 1894)
| GH |        | SYNTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| US | 278555 | SYNTYPE |

**125. CRISTATA** SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:66. 1824.

USA: NEW JERSEY: -- (---, ---. --- )
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**126. CRUS-CORVI** SHUTTLEWORTH,R.J. EX KUNZE,G., SUPPL. SCHKUHR’S RIEDGR. 128, PL.32. 1844.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., 432. -- --- 1832)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**127. CRUS-CORVI VAR. VIRGINIANA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 39:393, PL.476. 1937.

USA: VIRGINIA: SOUTHAMPTON CO.: DREWRYVILLE (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND SMART,R.F., 5677. 22-23 JUN 1936)
| GH |         | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| MO | 1108572 | ISOTYPE  |
| NY |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US | 1682487 | ISOTYPE  |

**128. CRYPTOLEPIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., TORREYA 14:157. 1914.

USA: NEW JERSEY: SUSSEX CO.: WHITE POND (MACKENZIE,K.K., 4645. 26 JUN 1910)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**129. CUBENSIS** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 23:220. 1926.

CUBA: ORIENTE: PICO TURGUINO (EKMAN,E.L., 14506. 21 JUL 1922)
| NY |         | ISOTYPE         |
|----|---------|-----------------|
| US | 1302602 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**130. CUBENSIS VAR. FLACCIDA** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 23:221. 1926.

HAITI: --: -- (EKMAN,E.L., ---. 08 AUG 1925)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**131. CUCHUMATANENSIS** STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 4:62. 1953.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, TUNIMA; ALT. 3400-3500 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 48347. 07 JUL 1942)
| F | 1128952 | HOLOTYPE |
|---|---------|----------|

**132. CULMENICOLA** STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:65, FIG.7. 1951.

VENEZUELA: SUCRE: CERRO TURUMIQUIRE, EASTERN PEAK; ALT. 2500 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 62605. 06 MAY 1945)
| F | 1266170 | HOLOTYPE |
|---|---------|----------|

**133. CUMULATA FOR. SOLUTA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:285. 1942.

CANADA: NOVA SCOTIA: QUEENS CO.: BROAD RIVER (FERNALD,M.L. AND BISSELL,C.H., 20311. 16 AUG 1920)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**134. CUNEATA** OHWI,J., MEM. COLL. SCI. KYOTO IMP. UNIV., SER.B, BIOL. 6:256. 1931.

JAPAN: AOMORI (PREFECTURE): HONSHU (ISLAND), AOMORI (KINASHI,N., ---. -- JUL 1909)
| F | 1406416 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|---|---------|---------------|

**135. CURATORIUM** STACEY.J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:13. 1937.

USA: ARIZONA: COCONINO CO.: GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK, KAIBAB TRAIL TO ROARING SPRINGS (EASTWOOD,A. AND HOWELL,J.T., 1101. 23 JUN 1933)
| CAS | 204973 | SYNTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| CAS | 204974 | SYNTYPE |

**136. CUSICKII** MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,R.K., FL. NW. COAST 72. 1915.

USA: OREGON: BAKER CO.: HEAD OF BURNT RIVER (CUSICK,W.C., 1331. --- JUL 1886)
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

-D-

**137. OANAENSIS** STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:166. 1939.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA (HOWELL,J.T., 14546. 11 AUG 1938)
| CAS | 259874  | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|---------|----------|
| CAS | 259875  | HOLOTYPE |
| GH  |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 1765700 | ISOTYPE  |

**138. DAVYI** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:606. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: PLACER CO.: TRUCKEE RIVER (BURT-DAVY,J., 3266. 25-30 JUN 1897)
| GH   |       | ISOTYPE  |
|------|-------|----------|
| JEPS | 2511  | ISOTYPE  |
| NY   |       | ISOTYPE  |
| UC   | 50814 | HOLOTYPE |

**139. X DEANII** HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 40:81. 1938.

USA: INDIANA: PIKE CO.: OTWELL (HERMANN,F.J., 6147. 05 JUL 1934)
| F | 751055 | ISOTYPE |
|---|--------|---------|

**140. DEBILIFORMIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:244. 1910.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: -- (BOLANDER,H.N., 6477. -- - -- 1866)
| MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|

**141. OEBILIS VAR. INTERCURSA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:307, PL.713. 1942.

USA: VIRGINIA: GREENSVILLE CO.: ORION (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 12016. 13 JUN 1940)
| GH |         | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| US | 2003164 | ISOTYPE  |

**142. DEBILIS VAR. PUBERA** GRAY,A., MAN. BOT. ED.5, 593. 1867.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: CENTRE CO.: BEAR MEADOWS (PORTER,T.C., ---. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**143. OEVIA** CHEESEMAN,T.F., TRANS. 6 PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 15:301. 1883.

NEW ZEALAND: NELSON (DISTRICT): SOUTH ISLAND, NELSON (CHEESEMAN,T.F., 83. -- JAN 1882)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**144. DEWEYANA VAR. COLLECTANEA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 15:93. 1913.

CANADA: QUEBEC: BONAVENTURE CO.: CASCAPEDIA RIVER, GRAND CASCAPEDIA (WILLIAMS,E.F.; COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L.,---. 12-15 JUL 1905)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**145. OEWEYANA VAR. SPARSIFLORA** OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 13:87. 1888.

USA: OREGON: MARION CO.: SALEM (HALL,E., 580. -- --- 1871)
| F  | 455703  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|---------|-----------------|
| F  | 1429766 | TYPE COLLECTION |
| GH |         | TYPE COLLECTION |
| NY |         | TYPE COLLECTION |

**146. DIGITALIS VAR. ASYMMETRICA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 43:544. 1941.

USA: VIRGINIA: SOUTHAMPTON CO.: APPLEWHITE CHURCH (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 11791. 08 MAY 1940) 
| CAS | 336835  | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|---------|----------|
| GH  |         | HOLOTYPE |
| MO  | 1306423 | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 2003133 | ISOTYPE  |

**147. DIGITALIS VAR. GLAUCA** CHAPMAN,A.W., FL. S. U.S. ED.l, 541. 1860.

USA: FLORIDA: MIDDLE FLORIDA (CHAPMAN,A.W., ---. -- --- 1842)
| NY |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| US | 969118 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**148. DIGITALIS VAR. MACROPODA** FERNALD,M.L., RHOOORA 40:400, PL.511. 1938.

USA: VIRGINIA: GREENSVILLE CO.: -- (FERNALD,M.L. ANO LONG,B., 7767. 08 APR 1938)
| GH |         | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| MO | 1129747 | ISOTYPE  |
| NY |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US | 1761151 | ISOTYPE  |

**149. OIVERSISTYLIS** ROACH,A.W., MADRONO 11:277. 1952.

USA: OREGON: LINN CO.: CLEAR LAKE JUNCTION (ROACH,A.W., 202. 10 JUN 1949)
| CAS | 372834 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

**150. DONNELL-SMITHII** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:56. 1889.

GUATEMALA: ALTA VERAPAZ: PANSAMALA; ALT. 3800 FT. (SMITH,J.D. ANO TURCKHEIM,H., 659. -- JUN 1885)
| US | 817314 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|

**151. OOUGLASII VAR. DENSISPICATA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 32:41. 1861.

USA: NEBRASKA: -- (HAYDEN,F.V., 580. ---)
| GH |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|

**152. DUDLEYI** MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:30. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MONTEREY CO.: TASSAJARA HOT SPRINGS (ELMER,A.D.E., 3132. --- JUN 1901)
| DS | 145619 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--------|----------|
| DS | 629609 | ISOTYPE  |
| MO |        | ISOTYPE  |
| NY |        | ISOTYPE  |

**153. X DUMANII** LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:143, FIG.4. 1956.

CANADA: QUEBEC: VIEUX-COMPTOIR (LEPAGE,E., 32078. 30 JUL 1954)
| GH |         | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|
| US | 2176489 | ISOTYPE |

**154. DURANDII** BOECKELER,J.O., ALLG. BOT. Z. SYST. 2:189. 1896.

COSTA RICA: --: CERRO DE BUENA VISTA (PITTIER,H. AND TONDUZ,A., 3376. 19 JAN 1891)
| CAS | 351155 | ISOTYPE       |
|-----|--------|---------------|
| US  | 579795 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**155. DUR** I**FOL**IA BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:428. 1893.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51’N., 106 13’W.) (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**156. DUTILLYI** O’NEILL,H.T. AND DUMAN,M., RHODORA 43:413, PL.669. 1941.

CANADA: MANITOBA: CHURCHILL RIVER, CHURCHILL (DUMAN,M., 1506. 08 AUG 1938)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**-E-**

**157. EASTWOOOIANA** STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:121. 1938.

USA: OREGON: GRANT CO.: DIXIE MOUNTAIN ( HENDERSON,L. F., 5583. 25 JUL 1925)
| CAS | 130386 | HOLOTYPE |
|-----|--------|----------|
| DS  | 144009 | ISOTYPE  |
| GH  |        | ISOTYPE  |

**158. EBENEA** RYDBERG,P.A., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 28:266. 1901.

USA: COLORADO: EL PASO CO.: PIKES PEAK (CLEMENTS,F.,---. -- --- 1900)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**159. ECHINATA VAR. ORMANTHA** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:483, PL.4. 1902.

USA: CALIFORNIA: EL DORADO CO.: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, STRAWBERRY CREEK (BRAINERD,E., 160. 18 JUL 1897)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**160. EGGERTII** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 21:6. 1896.

USA: MISSOURI: BUTLER CO.: - - (EGGERT,H., ---. 08 AUG 1893)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**161. EGGLESTONII** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:614. 1915.

USA: COLORADO: GUNNISON CO.: MOUNT CARBON, KEBLER PASS (EGGLESTON,W.W., 6181. 22 AUG 191C)
| NY |        | ISOTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| US | 857864 | TYPE    |

**162. EGGLESTONII VAR. FESTIVELLIFORNIS** HERMANN,F.J., BRITTONIA 12:78. 1960.

MEXICO: NUEVO LEON: GALEANA (SCHNEIDER,R.A., 954. 25 JUL 1938)
| US | 2466328 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|

**163. EGREGIA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:414. 1915.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: FALCON VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 5181. 15 JUL 1905)
| DS | 284598 | ISOTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| NY |        | TYPE    |

**164. EKHANII** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 23:221. 1926. HAITI: OUEST: PETIONVILLE (EKMAN,E.L., H1453. 12 AUG 1924)
| GH |         | ISOTYPE       |
|----|---------|---------------|
| NY |         | TYPE MATERIAL |
| US | 1411790 | COTYPE        |

**165. EKHANII VAR. HOTTENSIS** KUKENTHAL,G. AND EKMAN,E.L., ARK. BOT. 22A(17):9. 1929.

HAITI:. --: MORNE CALUMETTE; ALT. 1200-1300 M. (EKMAN,E.L., H10662. 14 SEP 1928)
| GH |         | ISOTYPE         |
|----|---------|-----------------|
| US | 1414090 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**166. ELBERTANA** KELSO,L., BIOL. LEAFL. 31:3. 1945.

USA: COLORADO: LAKE CO.: MOUNT ELBERT (KELSO,L., 4967. CI AUG 1945)
| GH |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|

**167. ELEOCHARIS** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:6. 1889.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: SASKATCHEWAN PLAINS (MACOUN,JOHN, 1665. 12 AUG 1872)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**168. ELMERI** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:326. 1910.

PHILIPPINES: BENGUET: LUZON (ISLAND), BAGUIO (ELMER,A.D.E., 8444. -- MAR 1907)
| MO |        | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|
| US | 854950 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**169. ELRODI** JONES,M.E., BULL. MONTANA STATE UNIV., BIOL. SER. 15:70. 1910.

USA: MONTANA: BEAVERHEAD CO.: MONIDA (JONES,M.E., -- ---. 08 JUL 1909)
| DS | 149706  | ISOTYPE       |
|----|---------|---------------|
| NY |         | ISOTYPE       |
| US | 1531248 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**170. ELYNOIDES** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 9:356. 1900.

USA: COLORADO: MINERAL CO.: PAGOSA PEAK; ALT. 12000 FT. (BAKER,C.F., 230. -- AUG 1899)
| GH |        | ISOTYPE         |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| MO |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US | 368818 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**171. ENGELMANNI** BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:132. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: COLORADO: EL PASO CO.: MOUNT FLORA, “PROBABLY NEAR COLORADO SPRINGS” (ENGELMANN,G., ---. -- --- 1874)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**172. EPAPILLOSA** MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 138, 1060. 1917.

USA: UTAH: PIUTE CO.: MARYSVALE (JONES,M.E., 5345. 01 JUN 1874)
| MO |        | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| NY |        | HOLOTYPE |
| NY |        | ISOTYPE  |
| US | 270933 | ISOTYPE  |

**173. EREMOSTACHYA** BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:99. 1947.

INDONESIA: WEST NEW GUINEA: LAKE HABBEMA; (COUNTRY AS “DUTCH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 10255. -- OCT 1938)
| A |  | ISOTYPE |
|---|--|---------|

**174. ERXLEBENIANA** KELSO,L., BIOL. LEAFL. 51:1. 1950.

USA: COLORADO: GILPIN CO.: ROLLINSVILLE (KELSO,L., 6362. 24 JUL 1948)
| GH |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|

**175. EURYCARPA** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:303. 1905.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: FALCON VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 1284. 26 JUN 1886)
| CAS | 242957 | SYNTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

**176. EURYCARPA** VAR. ATTENUATA KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 26:254. 1929.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: FALCON VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 11551. 21 AUG 1924)
| CAS | 246772 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|-----|--------|-----------------|

**177. EURYSTACHYA** HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:109. 1957.

CANADA: ALBERTA: JASPER NATIONAL PARK, MOUNT EDITH CAVELL, CAVELL LAKE (HERMANN,F.J., 13529. 28 AUG 1956)
| CAS | 401490  | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|---------|----------|
| GH  |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 2265959 | HOLOTYPE |

**178. EXPLORATORUM** NELMES,E., BULL. MISC. INFORM. 108. 1938.

MALAYSIA: SABAH (TERRITORY): MOUNT KINABALU; ALT. 4000 FT.; (COUNTRY AS “BORNEO”) (CLEMENS,J. AND CLEMENS,M.S., 34297. 28 JUL 1933)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

**179. X EXSALINA** LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:133. 1956.

CANADA: QUEBEC: PIAGOCHIWI RIVER (DUTILLY,A.; LEPAGE,E. AND DUMAN,M., 32793. 29 AUG 1954)
| US | 2176495 | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|

-F-

**180. FARGESII** FRANCHET,A., BULL. SOC. PHILOM. PARIS SER.8, 7:34. 1895.

CHINA: SZECHWAN: TCHEN-KEOU-TIN (FARGES,R.P., ---. ---)
| NY |         | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|---------|---------------|
| US | 1123660 | ISOTYPE       |

**181. FELIPENSIS** CLARKE,C.B., BULL. MISC. INFORM. ADD.SER.8:84. 1908.

MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE; ALT. 10000 FT. (PRINGLE,C.G., 4838. 25 AUG 1894)
| GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |

**182. FENOLERIANA** BOECKELER,J.O., LINNAEA 39:135. 1875.

USA: NEW MEXICO: -- (FENDLER,A., 878. -- --- 1847)
| MO | 1816497 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|---------|-----------------|
| NY |         | TYPE            |

**183. FESTIVA** OEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:246. 1836.

USA: NORTHWEST TERRITORIES: MACKENZIE DISTRICT: GREAT BEAR LAKE (“BEAR LAKE”) (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**184. FESTIVA VAR. DECUHBENS** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 16:20,26. 1903.

USA: COLORADO: MINERAL CO.: PAGOSA PEAK (BAKER,C.F., 232. --- AUG 1899)
| F  | 122779 | TYPE MATERIAL   |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| NY |        | TYPE COLLECTION |

**185. FESTIVA VAR, STRICTA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:51. 1889

USA: CALIFORNIA: -- (KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W., 1073. -- --- 1868-1869)
| NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|

**186. FESTIVELLA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:609. 1915.

USA: WYOMING: ALBANY CO.: --- (NELSON,A., 3275. 02 JUL 1897) 
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| NY |  | TYPE    |

**187. FETA** BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:417. 1893.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SONOMA CO.: CLOVERDALE SPRING (BOLANDER,H.N., 50. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**188. FILIFOLIA VAR. EROSTRATA** KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENF 4, FAM.20:86. 1909.

USA: CALIFORNIA: EL DORADO CO.: ECHO LAKE (BRAINERD,E., 111. 11 JUL 1897)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**189. FISSA** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:64. 1931.

USA: OKLAHOMA: CREEK CO.: SAPULPA (BUSH,B.F., 1043. 18 MAY 1895)
| MO |  | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |

**190. FISSA VAR. ARISTATA** HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 67:198. 1965.

USA: FLORIDA: SEMINOLE CO.: OVIEDO (RAY,J.D.; WOOD,CE.; SMITH,A.C AND EATON,R.J., 10750. 26 APR 1961)
| GH |         | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| NY |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US | 2449506 | ISOTYPE  |

**191. FISSURICOLA** MACKENZIE,K.K., MUHLENBERGIA 5:53. 1909.

USA: NEVADA: ELKO CO.: RUBY MOUNTAINS, HUMBOLDT RIVER (HELLER,A.A., 9429. 11 AUG 1908)
| CAS | 234898 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

**192. FLACCIOULA** STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:199. 1855.

USA: OHIO: MIAMI RIVER VALLEY (FRANK,J.C., 55. -- ---1835)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**193. FLACCIFOLIA** MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:92. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SOUTHWEST (PART) (GRANT,G.B., ---. 01 MAY 1902)
| US | 468192 | TYPE |
|----|--------|------|

**194. FLACCOSPERMA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:245. 1846.

USA: FLORIDA: CAMP SABINE (LEAVENWORTH,M.C., ---. -- --- 1846)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

**195. FLAVA VAR. GASPENSIS** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:200. 1906.

CANADA: QUEBEC: BONAVENTURE CO.: BONAVENTURE RIVER, BETWEEN BALDE AND BAIE DES CHALEURS (COLLINS,J.F.; FERNALD,M.L. AND PEASE,A.S., ---. 05-08 AUG 1904)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**196. FLAVA VAR. RECTIROSTRA** GAUDIN,J.F.G.P., FL. HELV. 6:97. 1830.

SWITZERLAND: VALAIS (CANTON): ZERMATT (---, ---. -- AUG 1827)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**197. FOENEA VAR. PERPLEXA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:27. 1889

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KENT CO.: --- (FOWLER,J., ---. -- --- 1871)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**198. FORMOSA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER. 1, 8:98. 1824.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., ---. ---)
| CAS | 102307 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| CAS | 383156 | ISOTYPE |
| GH  |        | ISOTYPE |

**199. FRACTA** MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:38. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SISKIYOU CO.: MOUNT SHASTA (PRINGLE,C.G., ---. 23 AUG 1881)
| US | 817810 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--------|----------|

**200. FRANKLINII** BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J., FL. BOR.-AMER. 2:217, PL.218. 1839 (“1840”).

USA: ---: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (DRUMMOND,T.,---. ---)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| NY |  | TYPE    |

**201. FULVESCENS** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:239. 1910.

ST. PIERRE AND MIQUELON: --: MIQUELON (ISLAND), LANGLADE (ARSENE,L.(FRERE),---. 28 JUL 1902)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**202. FUSCOLUTEA** BOECKELER,J.O., BOT. JAHRB. SYST. 7:278. 1886.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: --- (SCHAFFNER,J.G., 221. -- --- 1877)
| NY |        | TYPE MATERIAL   |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| US | 397187 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**203. FUSCOTINCTA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:478. 1909. MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE (PRINGLE,C.G., 4839. 19 AUG 1894)
| NY |        | TYPE            |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| US | 251773 | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US | 817237 | TYPE COLLECTION |

-G-

**204. GARBERI** FERNALD,M.L., RHOOORA 37:253. 1935.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: ERIE CO.: ERIE, PRESQUE ISLE (PENINSULA) (GARBER,A.P., ---. 09 JUN 1869)
| GH |       | ISOTYPE       |
|----|-------|---------------|
| US | 63525 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**205. GARBERI VAR. BIFARIA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 37:253. 1935.

CANADA: QUEBEC: GASPE CO.: WEST GASPE, SAINTE ANNE DES MONTS (COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L., ---. 03-17 AUG 1905)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**206. GAYANA VAR. HYALINA** BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:135. 1886 (“1887”).

MEXICO: SONORA: SONORA (THURBER,G., 652. ---)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**207. GEOPHILA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 40:546. 1913.

USA: NEW MEXICO: RIO ARRIBA CO.: TIERRA AMARILLA (EGGLESTON,W.W., 6584. 18 APR-25 MAY 1911)
| US | 660800 | TYPE |
|----|--------|------|

**208. GEYERI** BOOTT,F., TRANS. LINN. SOC. LONDON 20:118. 1846.

USA: ---: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (GEYER,C.A., 332. ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**209. GLAREOSA VAR. AHPHIGENA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:47. 1906.

CANADA: QUEBEC: BONAVENTURE CO.: ESCUMINAC BAY,ESCUMINAC FERNALD,M.L., ---. 28 JUN 1904)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

**210. GLAUCODEA** TUCKERMAN.E. EX OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:395. 1868.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPSHIRE CO.: MOUNT HOLYOKE (TUCKERMAN,E., ---. -- JUN 1864)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**211. GRACILIOR** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:614. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SONOMA CO.: CLOVERDALE (BOLANDER,H.N., 3822. -- APR 1864)
| CAS | 103033 | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|--------|----------|
| DS  | 145620 | HOLOTYPE |
| GH  |        | ISOTYPE  |
| MO  |        | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 319177 | ISOTYPE  |

**212. GRACILLIMA** SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:66. 1824.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: -- (SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ---. ---)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**213. GRIFFITHII** BOOTT,F., TRANS. LINN. SOC. LONDON 20:138. 1846. AFGHANISTAN: --: -- (GRIFFITH,W., 78(KEW 6074). ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**214. GRISEA VAR. RIGIDA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:56. 1889.

USA: PENNSYLVANIA: BUCKS CO.: SELLERSVILLE (FRETZ,C.O., ---. -- --- 1884)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**215. GUATEMALENSIS** HERMANN,F.J., BRITTONIA 23:145. 1971.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, BETWEEN TOJIAH ANO CHEMAL; ALT. 3380 M. (BEAMAN,J.H., 3880. 31 JUL 1960)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**216. GYMNOCLADA** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 14:424. 1902.

USA: OREGON: HURRICANE CREEK; BOGS AT 6000 FT. (CUSICK,W.C., 2487. 28 AUG 1900)
| MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE       |

**217. GYNODYNAMA** OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:394. 1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4700. -- ---1866)
| CAS | 383986 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| DS  | 49500  | ISOTYPE |
| DS  | 490408 | ISOTYPE |
| NY  |        | ISOTYPE |

-H-

**218. HAGIANA** KELSO,L., BIOL. LEAFL. 30:2. 1945.

USA: COLORADO: HAGUES PEAKS (KELSO,L. AND KELSO,E.H., 525. 08 AUG 1936)
| CAS | 328017 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

**219. HALEI** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:248. 1846.

USA: LOUISIANA: MISSISSIPPI RIVER (LEAVENWORTH,M.C. AND HALE,D., 683. ---)
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**220. HALLIANA** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 9:117. 1884.

USA: OREGON: --- (HALL,E., 606. ----------- 1871)
| GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**221. HALLII** OLNEY,S.T. IN PORTER,T.C. IN HAYDEN,F.V., ANN. REP. U.S. GEOL. SURV. TERR. 5:496. 1872.

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS; LAT. 39-41 N. (HALL,E. AND HARBOUR, J.P., 617. -- --- 1862)
| F  | 314892 | SYNTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| F  | 456958 | SYNTYPE |
| GH |        | SYNTYPE |
| MO |        | SYNTYPE |
| NY |        | SYNTYPE |
| US | 29651  | SYNTYPE |

USA: IDAHO: PLEASANT VALLEY (PORTER,T.C., ---. 26-29 JUN 1871)
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**222. HALSEYANA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 11:313. 1826.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPDEN CO.: WESTFIELD (DAVIS,E.,---.---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

**223. HARFORDII** MACKENZ IE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:615. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: -- (KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W., 1073.-- --- 1868-869)
| NY |       | HOLOTYPE |
|----|-------|----------|
| US | 28685 | ISOTYPE  |

**224. HARPERI** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:181. 1906.

USA: GEORGIA: JEFFERSON CO.: LOUISVILLE, ROCKY COMFORT CREEK (HARPER,R.M., 2109. 09 APR 1904)
| F  | 176870 | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| GH |        | HOLOTYPE |
| NY |        | ISOTYPE  |

**225. HASSEI** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 21:5. 1896.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN BERNARDINO CO.: SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, SAN ANTONIO CANYON; ALT. 4500 FT. (HASSE,H.E., ---. -- JUL 1894)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**226. HATUSIMANA** OHWI,J., JAP. J. BOT. 7:196. 1934.

TAIWAN: FUKIEN: KAOHSIUNG (“TAKAO”), DAIJURIN (OHWI,J., 329. -- MAR 1933)
| F | 1411493 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|---|---------|---------------|

**227. HAYDENIANA** OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S., BOT. U.S. GEOL. EXPLOR. 40TH PAR. 366. 1871.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA (BOLANDER,H.N., 5074. ---)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**228. HAYDENII** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 18:103. 1854.

USA: SOUTH DAKOTA: STANLEY CO.: FORT PIERRE (HAYDEN,F.V., 21.-- --- 1853-1854)
| MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|

**229. HEBETATA** BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:172, PL.583. 1867.

PERU: LIMA: OBRAGILIA, NEAR LIMA (WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED.,---.-- --- 1838-1842)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**230. HELLERI** MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:80. 1922.

USA: NEVADA: WASHOE CO.: MOUNT ROSE (HELLER,A.A., 9975. 23 JUL 1910)
| F  | 283119 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|
| NY |        | TYPE          |
| US | 509004 | ISOTYPE       |

**231. HEPBURNII** BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J., FL. BOR.-AMER. 2:209, PL.207.1839 (“1840”).

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS, SOUTH PARK (DRUMMOND,T., 256.---)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**232. HETERONEURA** BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT.2:239. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: LAKE TAHOE TO BEAR VALLEY (KELLOGG,A., ---.03 AUG--- )
| GH |       | TYPE MATERIAL   |
|----|-------|-----------------|
| US | 28206 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**233. HETEROSTACHYA** TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:248. 1846.

USA: MICHIGAN: CHIPPEWA CO.: DRUMMOND ISLAND (TORREY,J., 03 AUG 1839)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**234. HINDSII VAR. BREVIGLUMA** KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR.4, FAM.20:307. 1909.

USA: IDAHO: BONNER CO.: HOPE (SANDBERG,J.H., 933. 20 AUG 1892)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**235. HIRSUTA VAR. CUSPIDATA** DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A., CLASS-BOOK BOT. 758.1861.

USA: ILLINOIS: -- (VASEY,G.,---. ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**236. HITCHCOCKIANA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 10:274. 1826.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: BERKSHIRE CO.: WILLIAMSTOWN, SADDLE MOUNTAIN (DAVIS,E.,---. -- --- 1823)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**237. HOLMIANA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:481.1909.

USA: MONTANA: JOHN’S LAKE (VREELAND,F.K., 1121. 19 AUG 1901) 
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**238. HOODII VAR. NERVOSA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:14. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: -- (KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W., 1069.-- --- 1868-1869)
| CAS | 103098 | SYNTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| NY  |        | SYNTYPE |

**239. HOODII VAR. NEUROCARPA** PIPER,C.V., CONTR. U.S. NATL. HERB. 11:167.1906.

USA: CALIFORNIA: -- (KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W., 1069.-- --- 1868-1869)
| CAS | 103098 | SYNTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| NY  |        | SYNTYPE |

**240. HOOKERANA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:248. 1836.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: CARLTON HOUSE (52 51’N., 106 13’W.) (RICHARDSON,J., ---. ---)
| GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |

**241. HORMATHODES** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:165. 1906.

USA: RHODE ISLAND: PROVIDENCE CO.: PROVIDENCE (OLNEY,S.T., ---. 01 JUL 1867)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**242. HORNSCHUCHIANA VAR. LAURENTIANA** FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.,RHODORA 13:130. 1911.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: PORT AU PORT BAY, TABLE MOUNTAIN (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 2897. 16 AUG 1910)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

**243. HOSTIANA VAR. LAURENTIANA** FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K,M., RHODORA 26:122. 1924.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: PORT AU PORT BAY, TABLE MOUNTAIN (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 2897. 16 AUG 1910) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**244. HOUGHTONIANA** TORREY, J. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 30:63. 1836.

USA: MINNESOTA: CLEARWATER CO.: LAKE ITASCA (“LAKE LA BICHE, NEAR SOURCES OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER”) (HOUGHTON,D., ---. 13 JUL 1832)
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**245. HUEHUETECA** STANOLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., PUBL. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST., BOT. SER. 23:195. 1947. 

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, CANANA; ALT. 2500 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 49055. 18 JUL 1942) 
| F | 1128957 | HOLOTYPE |
|---|---------|----------|

**246. HYMENODON** OHWI,J., ACTA PHYTOTAX. GEOBOT. 1:298. 1932.

JAPAN: --: HONSHU (ISLAND), OSAWAMURA IN SHIMOTSUKE (SEKIMOTO,H., ---. 15 JUL 1932)
| F | 1463659 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|---|---------|---------------|

-I-

**247. ICHANGENSIS** CLARKE,C.B., J. LINN. SOC., BOT. 36:290. 1903.

CHINA: HUPEH: -- (HENRY,A., 7860. -- --- 1885-1888)
| US | 802160 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|

**248. IDAHOA** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 21:5. 1896.

USA: IDAHO: BEAVER CANYON (RYDBERG,P.A., 2339. 07 AUG 1895) 
| US | 235568 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| US | 235569 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**249. IGNOTA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 8:348. 1849.

USA: LOUISIANA: RAPIDES PARISH: ALEXANDRIA (HALE,D., 97. ---)
| CAS | 553902 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|-----|--------|-----------------|
| NY  |        | TYPE COLLECTION |

**250. ILLINOEMSIS** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 3:245. 1847.

USA: ILLINOIS: HANCOCK CO.: AUGUSTA (MEAD,S.B., ---. ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**251. ILLOTA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:15. 1889.

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS; LAT. 39-41 N. (HALL,E. AND HARBOUR, J.P., 591. --- ---1862)
| F  | 314869 | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| F  | 456934 | ISOTYPE  |
| GH |        | HOLOTYPE |
| MO |        | ISOTYPE  |

**252. INCISO-DENTATA** STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:189. 1855.

CHILE: --: --.( LECHLER, W., 1136. -- OCT 1852) 
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**253. INCOMPERTA** BICKNELL,E.P., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:494. 1908.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: NANTUCKET CO.: NANTUCKET ISLAND (BICKNELL,E.P., ---. 20 JUN 1908)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**254. INCONDITA** HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:112. 1957.

CANADA: ALBERTA: RAM RIVER, NORDEGG (HERMANN,F.J., 13347. 15 AUG 1956)
| CAS | 404489  | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|---------|----------|
| US  | 2265956 | HOLOTYPE |

**255. INCURVIFORHIS** MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT.120, 1060. 1917.

CANADA: ALBERTA: BANFF NATIONAL PARK, BANFF; ALT. 8000 FT. (MACOUN,JOHN, ---. 31 JUL 1891)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |

**256. INFLATA VAR. ANTICOSTENSIS** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:329, PL.715.1942.

CANADA: QUEBEC: ANTICOSTI ISLAND, PETITES-RIVIERES (MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE) AND ROLLAND-GERMAIN,(FRERE), 25767. 20 JUL 1926)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**257. INOPS** BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:126. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: CLACKAMAS CO.: MOUNT HOOD (HENDERSON,L.F., --- --. --- JUL 1884)
| CAS | 203910 | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|--------|----------|
| GH  |        | HOLOTYPE |
| NY  |        | ISOTYPE  |

**258. INTEGRA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:608. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: PLACER CO.: SUMMIT; ALT. 7000 FT. (HELLER,A.A., 9841. 16 JUL 1909)
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**259. INTERIMUS** MAGUIRE,B., BRITTONIA 5:200. 1944.

USA: UTAH: CACHE CO.: TONY GROVE LAKE (MAGUIRE,B., 16098. 05 AUG 1938)
| CAS | 348506  | ISOTYPE |
|-----|---------|---------|
| GH  |         | ISOTYPE |
| NY  |         | TYPE    |
| US  | 1872574 | ISOTYPE |

**260. INTERIOR** BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:426. 1893.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 36. --- --)
| CAS | 553999  | ISOTYPE         |
|-----|---------|-----------------|
| MO  | 1816496 | TYPE COLLECTION |
| NY  |         | ISOTYPE         |

**261. INTERIOR VAR. CHARLESTONENSIS** CLOKEY,I.W.,BULL. S. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. 38:1. 1939.

USA: NEVADA: CLARK CO.: CHARLESTON PARK (CLOKEY,I.W., 7468. 19 JUN 1937)
| CAS  | 272528  | ISOTYPE  |
|------|---------|----------|
| CA   | 272529  | ISOTYPE  |
| OS   | 27819   | ISOTYPE  |
| F    | 1076930 | ISOTYPE  |
| GH   |         | ISOTYPE  |
| JEPS | 4013    | ISOTYPE  |
| MO   | 1148381 | ISOTYPE  |
| MO   | 1190731 | ISOTYPE  |
| MO   | 1201697 | ISOTYPE  |
| NY   |         | ISOTYPE  |
| UC   | 910020  | HOLOTYPE |
| US   | 1733722 | ISOTYPE  |

**262. INTERIOR VAR. JOSSELYNII** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:115. 1906.

USA: MAINE: AROOSTOOK CO.: SAINT JOHN RIVER, FORT KENT (FERNALD,M.L.,---. 06 JUL 1904)
| GH |        | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--------|----------|
| NY |        | ISOTYPE  |
| US | 605797 | ISOTYPE  |

**263. INTERIOR VAR. KEHEENAWENSIS** HERMANN,F.J., AMER. MIDL. NATURALIST 25:19. 1941.

USA: MICHIGAN: KEWEENAW CO.: EAGLE HARBOR (HERMANN,F.J., 7985. 13 JUL 1936)
| GH |         | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| NY |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US | 1697057 | ISOTYPE  |

**264. INTERRUPTA VAR. DISTENTA** KUKENTHAL, G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.26:254. 1929.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: BINGEN (SUKSDORF,W.N., 12333. 22 AUG-05 SEP 1927)
| CAS | 242959 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|-----|--------|-----------------|

**265. INTUHESCENS FOR. VENTRIOSA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:321, PL.713.1942.

USA: VERMONT: ADDISON CO.: RIPTON (BRAINERD,E., ---.19 JUL 1898)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**266. INVOLUCRATELLA** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:50. 1931.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: LAS CANOAS (PRINGLE,C.G., 3126. 08 JUL 1890)
| F  | 263394 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| GH |        | ISOTYPE         |
| MO |        | TYPE MATERIAL   |
| NY |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US | 30661  | TYPE COLLECTION |

-J-

**267. JACINTOENSIS** PARISH,S.B., BULL. S. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. 4:100, PL.16.1905.

USA: CALIFORNIA: RIVERSIDE CO.: SAN JACINTO MOUNTAINS,TAMARACK VALLEY; ALT. 9000 FT. (HALL,H.M., 2483.--- JUL-AUG 1901)
| DS | 78003 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|-------|----------|

**268. JACOBI-PETERI** HULTEN,O.E.G., ACTA UNIV. LUND. N.S., 38:300, FIG.4.1942.

USA: ALASKA: TIN CITY (ANDERSON,J.P., 4871. 19 AUG 1938) 
| CAS | 477664 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

**269. JAMESII** TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:398. 1836.

USA: --: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (JAMES,EDWIN,---. ---)
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**270. JAMESONI VAR. SUBFULVA** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.8:7. 1910.

BOLIVIA: --: -- (BANG,M., 2376. ---)
| US | 825890 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|

**271. JEPSONII** HOWELL,J.T., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:223. 1958.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, TUOLUMNE MEADOWS; ALT. 8800 FT. (JEPSON,W.L., 4477. 20 JUL 1911)
| JEPS | 20008 | ISOTYPE  |
|------|-------|----------|
| NY   |       | HOLOTYPE |

**272. JONESII** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:16. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: NEVADA CO.: SODA SPRINGS; ALT. 7000 FT. (JONES,M.E., ---. 22 JUL 1881)
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

-K-

**273. KALOIDES** PETRIE,D., TRANS. & PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 13:332. 1881.

NEW ZEALAND: OTAGO (DISTRICT): SOUTH ISLAND, CARRICK RANGE; ALT. 4000 FT. (PETRIE,D., ---. ---)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**274. KATAHOINENSIS** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 3:171, PL.32. 1901.

USA: MAINE: PISCATAQUIS CO.: MOUNT KATAHDIN, DEPOT POND (WILLIAMS,E.F.; CHURCHILL,J.R. AND FERNALD,M.L., ---. 16 JUL 1900)
| GH |         | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| NY |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US | 1325047 | ISOTYPE  |

**275. KAUAIENSIS** KRAUSS,R., PACIFIC SCI. 4:279. 1950.

USA: HAWAII: KAUAI CO.: KAULUWEHI (ROCK,J.F., 9017. -- OCT 1909)
| US | 2074700 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|---------|---------------|

**276. KELLOGGII** BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT.2:240. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, “LAKE TAHOE TO BEAR VALLEY” (KELLOGG,A., ---. ---)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**277. KOKRNENSIS** PORSILD,A.E., RHODORA 41:206, PL.551. 1939.

USA: ALASKA: KOKRINES MOUNTAINS (PORSILD,A.E. AND PORSILD,R.T., 711. 23 JUN-05 JUL 1926) 
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**278. KULINGANA** BAILEY,L.H., GENTES HERB. 1:13. 1920.

CHINA: KIANGSI: KULING; ALT. 2500-3500 FT. (BAILEY,L.H., ---. 18 JUL 1917)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**279. KURILENSIS** OHWI,J., ACTA PHYTOTAX. GEOBOT. 2:27. 1933.

USSR: RUSSIAN SFSR: SAKHALIN OBLAST: KURIL ISLANDS, SHIKOTAN (ISLAND), NOTORO; (COUNTRY AS “JAPAN”) (OHWI,J., 813. 11 AUG 1931)
| F | 1406403 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|---|---------|---------------|

-L-

**280. LACINIATA** BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:175, PL.594. 1867.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SACRAMENTO RIVER (RICH,WILLIAM, WILKES EXPED. 1241. -- --- 1838-1842)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**281. LACUNARUM** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:316. 1904.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SONOMA CO.: SEBASTOPOL (HELLER,A.A., 5797. 01 JUL 1902)
| F  | 129242  | SYNTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|
| F  | 1566419 | SYNTYPE |
| MO |         | SYNTYPE |
| NY |         | SYNTYPE |
| US | 430229  | SYNTYPE |

**282. LAEVI-CONICA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 24:47. 1857.

USA: NEBRASKA: BIG SIOUX RIVER (HAYDEN,F.V., ---. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**283. LAMPROCHLAMYS** BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:104. 1947.

PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: PAPUA (TERRITORY): MAFULU; (COUNTRY AS “BRITISH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 5323. -- SEP-NOV 1933) 
| A |  | ISOTYPE |
|---|--|---------|

**284. LANCIFOLIA** CLARKE,C.B., J. LINN. SOC., BOT. 36:292. 1903.

CHINA: HUPEH: --(HENRY,A., 5467. ---)
| US | 801132 | SYNTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|

**285. LANCIFRUCTUS** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:607. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TULARE CO.: UPPER KERN RIVER, VOLCANO CREEK (HALL,H.M. AND BABCOCK,H.D., 5472. -- JUL 1904) 
| NY |        | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| UC | 127723 | HOLOTYPE |

**286. LANGEANA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 35:217. 1933.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: GARGAMELLE COVE (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND FOGG-JR.,J.M., 1374. 20 JUL 1929) 
| F  | 1481645 | ISOTYPE  |
|----|---------|----------|
| GH |         | HOLOTYPE |

**287. LARENSIS** STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:66, FIG.8. 1951.

VENEZUELA: LARA: BETWEEN BUENOS AIRES AND PARAMO DE LAS ROSAS (STEYERMARK,J.A., 55470. 11 FEB 1944) 
| F  | 55470   | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| US | 1932015 | ISOTYPE  |

**288. LARICINA** MACKENZIE,K.K. EX BRIGHT,J., TRILLIA 9:4,19. 1930.

USA: INDIANA: KOSCIUSKO CO.: LEESBURG (DEAM,C.C., 10927. 05 JUN 1912)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**289. LASIOCARPA VAR. AMERICANA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:304. 1942.

CANADA: NOVA SCOTIA: YARMOUTH CO.: ARGYLE (PEASE,A.S. AND LONG,B., 20519. 09 JUL 1920) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**290. LATEBRACTEATA** WATERFALL,U.T., RHODORA 56:23. 1954.

USA: OKLAHOMA: MCCURTAIN CO.: BROKEN BOW (WATERFALL,U.T., 11380. 19 APR 1953)
| CAS | 384438  | ISOTYPE |
|-----|---------|---------|
| GH  |         | ISOTYPE |
| MO  | 1692174 | ISOTYPE |

**291. LAXIFLORA VAR. LEPTONERVIA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:184. 1906.

USA: MAINE: AROOSTOOK CO.: FORT FAIRFIELD (FERNALD,M.L., 146. 06 JUL 1893)
| F  | 267758 | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| GH |        | HOLOTYPE |
| MO |        | ISOTYPE  |
| NY |        | ISOTYPE  |

**292. LAXIFLORA VAR. SERRULATA** HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 40:80. 1938.

USA: INDIANA: CLARK CO.: -- (DEAM,C.C., 6458. 25 MAY 1910) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

**293. LEAVENWORTHII** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:246. 1846.

USA: LOUISIANA: -- (LEAVENWORTH,M.C.,--- ----- 1845)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**294. LEIOCARPA** MEYER,C.A., MEM. ACAD. IMP. SCI. ST.-PETERSBOURG DIVERS SAVANS 1:208, PL.5. 1831.

USA: ALASKA: SITKA (MERTENS,C.H.,---. ---)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**295. LEIOPHYLLA** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:365. 1935.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: CARCROSS (EASTWOOD,A., 725A. 16 JUL 1914)
| CAS | 102481 | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|--------|----------|
| GH  |        | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 538796 | HOLOTYPE |

**296. LEMANNIANA VAR. SIMPLEX** KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR.4, FAM.20:405. 1909.

COSTA RICA: --: CERRO DE BUENA VISTA (PITTIER,H. AND TONDUZ,A., 3381. 19 JAN 1891)
| CAS | 264341 | SYNTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

**297. LEMMONI** BOOTT,W., BOT. GAZ. 9:93. 1884.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE (LEMMON,J.G., ---. --- --- 1875)
| GH |       | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|-------|-----------------|
| US | 29211 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**298. LENTICULARIS VAR. PAULLIFRUCTUS** KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGIER,H.G. A.,PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:308. 1909.

USA: WASHINGTON: WHITMAN CO.: PALOUSE CREEK (ELMER,A.D.E., 881. -- JUN 1897)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**299. LEPORINA VAR. AMERICANA** OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:152. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: CLACKAMAS CO.: MOUNT HOOD (HALL,E., 583. 01 AUG 1871)
| F  | 455706  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|---------|-----------------|
| F  | 1425899 | TYPE COLLECTION |
| GH |         | TYPE COLLECTION |
| MO |         | TYPE COLLECTION |
| NY |         | TYPE COLLECTION |

**300. LEPORINELLA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:605. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: EL DORADO CO.: PYRAMID PEAK (HALL,H.M. AND CHANDLER,H.A., 4716. 01-02 AUG 1903) 
| DS | 490443 | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| GH |        | ISOTYPE  |
| UC | 55234  | HOLOTYPE |

**301. LEPTOPODA** MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 124, 1060. 1917.

USA: OREGON: CLACKAMAS CO.: OSWEGO, ELK ROCK (HELLER,A.A., 10052. 20 MAY 1910)
| CAS | 186427 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| DS  | 13923  | ISOTYPE |
| NY  |        | TYPE    |

**302. LIMNOPHILA** HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:28. 1956.

USA: WYOMING: SUBLETTE CO.: PINEDALE (HERMANN,F.J., 12252. 21 AUG 1955)
| US | 2231577 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|

**303. LIVIOA VAR. RUFINAEFORNIS** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 28:8. 1926.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: STRAIT OF BELLE ISLE, FOUR-MILE COVE (FERNALD,M.L.; WIEGAND,K.M. AND LONG,B., 27673. 20 JUL 1925) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**304. LONGICRURIS VAR. HENRYI** CLARKE, C.B., J. LINN. SOC., BOT. 36:295. 1903.

CHINA: HUPEH: -- (HENRY,A., 4266. ---)
| US | 800846 | SYNTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|

**305. LONGICULNIS** PETRIE,D., TRANS. & PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 14:363.1882.

NEW ZEALAND: OTAGO (DISTRICT): SOUTHLAND SUBDIVISION: STEWART ISLAND, PATTERSONS INLET (PETRIE,D., ---. -- JAN 1880)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**306. LONGIROSTRIS VAR. MICROCYSTIS** BOECKELER,J.O., LINNAEA 41:241.1877.

CANADA: MANITOBA: WINNIPEG (BOURGEAU,E.,---.-- --- 1857-1859)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**307. LUNELLIANA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:615. 1915.

USA: MISSOURI: JACKSON CO.: OAK GROVE (BUSH,B.F., 7020. 02 JUN 1913)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**308. LUZULAEFOLIA VAR. STROBILANTHA** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:305. 1905.

USA: CALIFORNIA: NEVADA CO.: DONNER PASS; ALT. 7500 FT. (HELLER,A.A., 7187. 17 AUG 1903) 
| CAS | 136    | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| CAS | 231121 | ISOTYPE |

**309. LUZULINA** OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:395.1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4740. --- -- 1866)
| CAS | 384084 | ISOTYPE         |
|-----|--------|-----------------|
| DS  | 76794  | ISOTYPE         |
| GH  |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
| MO  |        | TYPE MATERIAL   |
| NY  |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US  | 964880 | TYPE COLLECTION |

-M-

**310. MACKENZIANA** WEATHERBY,C.A., CONTR. GRAY HERB. 114:36. 1936.

MEXICO: NUEVO LEON: GALEANA (MULLER,C.H. AND MULLER,M.T., 892. 28 JUN 1934)
| CAS | 264346  | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|---------|----------|
| GH  |         | HOLOTYPE |
| US  | 1746479 | ISOTYPE  |

**311. MACROGLOSSA** FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER,L., ENUM. PL. JAP. 2:148, 576. 1879.

JAPAN: KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE): HONSHU (ISLAND), YOKOSUKA (SAVATIER,L., 1414. --- -- 1866-1874)
| US | 27238 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|-------|---------------|

**312. MACROKOLEA** STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:223. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., 420.--- -- 1832)
| NY |  | COTYPE |
|----|--|--------|

**313. MACROSPERMA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:477. 1909.

MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE; ALT. 6000-7000 FT. (PRINGLE,C.G., 4840. 27 AUG 1894) 
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**314. MADRENSIS** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 25:270. 1898.

MEXICO: DURANGO: SIERRA MADRE OCCIDENTAL (ROSE,J.N., 2357. 16 AUG 1897)
| NY |        | ISOTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| US | 301267 | TYPE    |

**315. MAGNIFOLIA** MACKENZIE,K.K. IN SMALL,J.K., FL. SE. U.S. ED.2, 1325.1913.

USA: FLORIDA: -- (CHAPMAN,A.W.,---. ---)
| US | 969118 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|

**316. MANDONIANA** BOECKELER,J.O., ALLG. BOT. Z. SYST. 2:174. 1896.

BOLIVIA: ---: -- (MANDON,G., 1429. ---)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**317. MARCIDA VAR. DEBRIS** BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:136. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: HARNEY CO.: HARNEY VALLEY (HOWELL,T.J., 937. 27 MAY 1885)
| F  | 206587 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| NY |        | TYPE            |

**318. MARIPOSANA** BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:619. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, TUOLUMNE MEADOWS (JEPSON,W.L., 4476. 20 JUL 1911) 
| JEPS | 19722 | ISOTYPE  |
|------|-------|----------|
| NY   |       | HOLOTYPE |

**319. MEADII** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 43:90. 1842.

USA: ILLINOIS: HANCOCK CO.: AUGUSTA (MEAD,S.B., ---. ---)
| CAS | 553885 | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|--------|----------|
| GH  |        | HOLOTYPE |
| MO  |        | ISOTYPE  |
| NY  |        | ISOTYPE  |

**320. MEDITERRANIA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 33:441. 1906.

USA: DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: WASHINGTON (STEELE,E.S., ---.23 MAY 1898)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**321. MEEKII** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 24:48. 1857.

USA: NEBRASKA: WHITE RIVER (HAYDEN,F.V., ---. ---)
| GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**322. MELANOPHORA** BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:106. 1947.

INDONESIA: WEST NEW GUINEA: ORANGE RANGE, MOUNT WILHELMINA; (COUNTRY AS “DUTCH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J. AND MEYER-DREES,E., 9828. -- SEP 1938) 
| A |  | ISOTYPE |
|---|--|---------|

**323. MELOZITNENSIS** PORSILD,A.E., RHODORA 41:209. 1939.

USA: ALASKA: KOKRINES MOUNTAINS, MELOZITNA RIVER (PORSILD,A.E. AND PORSILD,R.T., 713. 23 JUN-05 JUL 1926) 
| GH |         | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|
| US | 1789621 | ISOTYPE |

**324. MENOOCINENSIS** OLNEY,S.T. EX BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT. 2:249. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4701. --- --1866)
| CAS | 553875 | TYPE FRAGMENT |
|-----|--------|---------------|
| DS  | 54832  | ISOTYPE       |
| GH  |        | HOLOTYPE      |
| MO  |        | ISOTYPE       |
| NY  |        | ISOTYPE       |
| UC  | 1098   | ISOTYPE       |
| US  | 29453  | ISOTYPE       |

**325. MERCARENSIS** HOCHSTETTER,C.F. EX STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 194.1855.

INDIA: --: NILAGIRI (HOHENACKER,R.F., 943. --- -- 1851)
| A |  | ISOTYPE |
|---|--|---------|

**326. MERRILLII** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:7. 1910.

PHILIPPINES: BENGUET: LUZON (ISLAND), PAUAI (MERRILL,E.D., 6623. -- MAY 1909)
| NY |        | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|
| US | 711171 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**327. MERRITT-FERNALDII** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 49:370.1923.

USA: MAINE: PENOBSCOT CO.: ORONO (FERNALD,M.L., ---. 03 JUL 1897)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**328. MESOCHOREA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 37:246. 1910.

USA: DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: WASHINGTON (STEELE,E.S., ---.-- --- 1900)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**329. MICANS** BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:419.1859.

JAPAN: --: SINODA (WRIGHT,C., ---. ---)
| US | 27281 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|-------|---------------|

**330. MICRANTHA** KUKENTHAL,G., BULL. HERB. BOISSIER SER.2, 2:1018. 1902.

KOREA: --: KAM-OUEN (FAURIE,U., 919. 28 JUN 1901) 
| US | 2501314 | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|

**331. MICROCHAETA** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:305. 1904.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: KLONDIKE, INDIAN DIVIDE (MACOUN,JOHN, 53877. 14 AUG 1902)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**332. MICROGLOCHIN SSP. FUEGINA** KUKENTHAL,G., BOT. JAHRB. SYST. 27:546.1899.

CHILE: MAGALLANES: TIERRA DEL FUEGO (“FUEGIA”), ORANGE HARBOR (WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED., ---. -- --- 1838-1842)
| US | 30695 | ISOTYPE |
|----|-------|---------|

**333. MICROPTERA** MACKENZIE,K.K., MUHLENBERGIA 5:56. 1909.

USA: NEVADA: ELKO CO.: DEETH (HELLER,A.A., 9067. 21 JUL 1908)
| CAS | 234896 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| NY  |        | TYPE    |

**334. MICROPTERA VAR. CRASSINERVIA** HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 70:420. 1968.

USA: COLORADO: OURAY CO.: ENGINEER PASS (JOHNSON,W.M., 594. 14 AUG 1967)
| US | 2543807 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|

**335. MILIARIS VAR. AUREA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:37. 1889.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KING’S CO.: KENNEBECASIS RIVER (FOWLER,J.,---. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**336. MIRABILIS** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 30:63. 1836.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: FRANKLIN CO.: DEERFIELD (DEWEY,C.,---. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**337. MIRABILIS VAR. PERLONGA** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:473, PL.2. 1902.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: HILLSBORO CO.: NEW IPSWICH (FERNALD,M.L.,---. 05 JUN 1896)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**338. MIRABILIS VAR. TINCTA** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:473. 1902.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: SAINT JOHN RIVER (MACOUN,JOHN, 22. 04 JUL 1899)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**339. MISANDROIDES** FERNALD, M.L., RHODORA 17:158. 1915.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: PORT AU PORT BAY, TABLE MOUNTAIN (ST.JOHN,H. AND FERNALD,M.L., 10801. 16-17 JUL 1914) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

**340. MISERA** BUCKLEY,S.B., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 45:173. 1843.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: MITCHELL CO.: ROAN MOUNTAIN (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---, ---)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**341. MISERABILIS** MACKENZ IE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:385. 1935.

USA: WASHINGTON: CHELAN CO.: CHIWAUKUM LAKE (EGGLESTON,W.W., 13567. 19-20 AUG 1916)
| US | 886422 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--------|----------|

**342. MOHRIANA** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:106. 1931.

USA: FLORIDA: HARDEE CO.: WAUCHULA (CURT ISS,A.H., 6761. 15 APR 1901)
| NY |         | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| US | 2133195 | ISOTYPE  |

**343. MOLESTA** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:151. 1931.

USA: KANSAS: WYANDOTTE CO.: QUINDARO (MACKENZIE,K.K., ---.30 MAY 1897)
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**344. MONTANENSIS** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 17:152. 1892.

USA: MONTANA: FLATHEAD CO.: UPPER MARAIS PASS (CANBY,W.M., 350. 03 AUG 1883)
| NY |       | SYNTYPE |
|----|-------|---------|
| US | 23257 | SYNTYPE |

**345. MONTEREYENSIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:92. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MONTEREY CO.: PACIFIC GROVE (SMITH,C.P., 1055. 24 JUL 1905)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**346. MORRISSEYI** PORSILD,A.E., SARGENTIA 4:21. 1943.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: LABRADOR, CAPE MUGFORD (PORSILD,A.E., 173. 26 AUG 1937)
| US | 2095886 | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|

**347. MULTICOSTATA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:604. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN BERNARDINO CO.: SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, BEAR VALLEY DAM (PARISH,S.B., 3609. -- JUN 1895) 
| DS | 489409 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--------|----------|

**348. MURICULATA** HERMANN,F.J. IN MCVAUGH,R., FIELD & LAB. 17:132. 1949.

USA: TEXAS: CULBERSON CO.: GUADALUPE MOUNTAINS, MCKITTRICK CANYON (MOORE,J.A. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., 3625. 25 JUL 1931) 
| CAS | 194659 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

-N-

**349. NANA** BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:418. 1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C.,--- --.--- 1853-1856)
| NY |       | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|-------|---------------|
| US | 27280 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**350. NEBRASKENSIS** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 18:102. 1854.

USA: NEBRASKA: -- (HAYDEN,F.V., ---. --- )
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**351. NEBRASKENSIS VAR. ERUCAEFORMS** SUKSDORF,W.N., WERDENDA 1:5. 1923.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: FALCON VALLEY (SUKSDORF,W.N., 10249. 22 JUN 1919)
| OS | 171453  | ISOTYPE         |
|----|---------|-----------------|
| MO | 952735  | TYPE COLLECTION |
| NY |         | ISOTYPE         |
| US | 1438017 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**352. NEBRASKENSIS VAR. ULTRIFORMIS** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 21:8. 1896.

USA: WASHINGTON: ADAMS CO.: RITZVILLE (SANDBERG,J.H. AND LEIBERG,J.B., 194. 09 JUN 1893) 
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**353. NELSONII** MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A., FL. ROCKY MOUNT. 137, 1060. 1917.

USA: WYOMING: LA PLATA MINES (NELSON,A. AND NELSON,E., 5264. 30 AUG 1898)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |

**354. X NEOBIGELOMII** LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 91:166. 1964.

CANADA: QUEBEC: SAGUENAY CO.: ROMAINE RIVER (DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E., 41,305A. 12 AUG 1963) 
| GH |         | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|
| NY |         | ISOTYPE |
| US | 2433719 | ISOTYPE |

**355. X NEOFILIPENDULA** LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:123. 1956.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: BONNE BAY, MAIN RIVER, MAIN ARM (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND FOGG-JR.,J.M., 1449. 19 AUG 1929) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**356. NEOHEXICANA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:153. 1907.

USA: NEW MEXICO: SANTA RITA DEL COBRA IBIGELOW,J.M., 1547. --- )
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**357. X NEOPALEACEA** LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:137. 1956.

CANADA: QUEBEC: PAINT HILLS (DUTILLY,A.; LEPAGE,E. AND DUMAN,M., 32975. 03 SEP 1954) 
| GH |         | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|
| US | 2176496 | ISOTYPE |

**358. NERVINA** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 10:203. 1885.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, SUMMIT CAMP (KELLOGG,A., ---. 10 JUL 1870)
| GH |        | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--------|----------|
| US | 286861 | ISOTYPE  |

**359. NEUROPHORA** MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L., ILL. FL. PACIFIC STATES 1:298, FIG.706. 1923.

USA: WASHINGTON: CHELAN CO.: CASCADE MOUNTAINS, STEVENS PASS (SANDBERG,J.H. AND LEIBERG,J.B., 773. 18 AUG 1893)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |

**360. NIGRICANS** MEYER,C.A., MEM. ACAD. IMP. SCI. ST.-PETERSBOURG DIVERS SAVANS l:210, PL.7. 1831.

USA: ALASKA: ALEUTIAN ISLANDS, UNALASKA (ISLAND) (CHAMISSO,L.A., ---. ---)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**361. NIGRO-MARGINATA** SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:68. 1824.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: FORSYTH CO.: WINSTON-SALEM (“SALEM”) (DOS,L.,---. -- )
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**362. NOVAE-ANGLIAE** SCHWEINITZ,L.D., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 1:67. 1824.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: BERKSHIRE CO.: WILLIAMSTOWN, SADDLE MOUNTAIN (DEWEY,C., ---. -- --- 1822)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**363. X NUBENS** LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 84:40. 1957.

CANADA: QUEBEC: JAMES BAY, EASTMAIN (LEPAGE,E., 33131. 27 JUL 1955)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**364. NUBICOLA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:480. 1909.

USA: COLORADO: MINERAL CO.: PAGOSA PEAK (BAKER,C.F., 232. -- AUG 1899)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**365. NUOATA** BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT. 2:241. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARISS (BOLANDER,H.N., 2299.-- --- 1860-1867)
| MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|

**366. NUDATA VAR. FIRMIOR** KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR.4, FAM.20:337. 1909.

USA: ARIZONA: WILLOW SPRINGS (PALMER,E., 546. -- JUN 1890) 
| DS |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**367. NUTANS VAR. JAPONICA** FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER.L., ENUM. PL. JAP. 2:154. 1879.

JAPAN: KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE): HONSHU (ISLAND), YOKOSUKA (SAVATIER,L., 1404. --- -- 1866-1874)
| US | 31277 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|-------|---------------|

**368. NUTTALLII** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 43:92. 1842.

USA: --: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (NUTTALL,T., 17. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

-O-

**369. OAXACANA** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 25:271. 1898.

MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE (PRINGLE,C.G., 4842. 29 AUG 1894)
| GH |        | ISOTYPE         |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| MO |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US | 251772 | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US | 817656 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**370. OBISPOENSIS** STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 1:240. 1936.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN LUIS OBISPO CO.: SAN LUIS OBISPO, STEINER CREEK (EASTWOOD,A. AND HOWELL,J.T., 2271. 07 MAY 1936)
| CAS | 235733  | HOLOTYPE |
|-----|---------|----------|
| CAS | 237824  | ISOTYPE  |
| CAS | 237908  | ISOTYPE  |
| DS  | 270930  | ISOTYPE  |
| F   | 866418  | ISOTYPE  |
| GH  |         | ISOTYPE  |
| NY  |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 1678188 | ISOTYPE  |

**371. OBLANCEOLATA** KOYAMA,T., WILLDENOWIA 5(3):489. 1969.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: CHUNG TUNG, TAI TSANG, YING TAK (TAK,T.W. AND CHOW,W.K., 3202. 20 NOV 1926) 
| UC | 319673 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--------|----------|

**372. OBOVOIDEA** CRONQUIST,A., MADRONO 7:78. 1943.

USA: IDAHO: CUSTER CO.: STANLEY (CRONQUIST,A., 2872. 03 JUL 1941)
| GH |         | ISOTYPE       |
|----|---------|---------------|
| MO | 1220830 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**373. OEOERI VAR. ROUSSEAUIANA** MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE), PROC. & TRANS. ROY. SOC. CANADA SER.3, 23(2), SECT.5:262. 1929.

CANADA: QUEBEC: MONTMAGNY CO.: L’ESTUAIRE DU ST. LAURENT, BERTHIER-EN-BAS (ROUSSEAU,J., 24989. 27 JUL 1926)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**374. OKLAHOMENSIS** MACKENZI E,K.K., TORREYA 14:126. 1914.

USA: OKLAHOMA: CATALE (BUSH,B.F., 993. 22 MAY 1895) 
| MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|
| NY |  | TYPE          |

**375. OLIGANTHA** BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 4:174, PL.589. 1867.

CHILE: MAGALLANES: TIERRA DEL FUEGO (“FUEGIA”), ORANGE HARBOR (WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED., ---. -- --- 1838-1842)
| US | 30695 | ISOTYPE |
|----|-------|---------|

**376. OLIGOCARPA VAR. LATIFOLIA** GRAY,A. EX TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:415. 1836.

USA: NEW YORK: JEFFERSON CO.: WATERTOWN (CRAWE,J.B., ---. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**377. OLYMPICA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:610. 1916.

USA: WASHINGTON: CLALLAM CO.: OLYMPIC MOUNTAINS (ELMER,A.D.E., 2700. --- JUN 1900)
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**378. ONUSTA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:618. 1915.

USA: TEXAS: TARRANT CO.: --(RUTH,A., 458. 24 APR 1914)
| CAS | 351152 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| NY  |        | TYPE    |
| US  | 504456 | ISOTYPE |

**379. OREGONENSIS** OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:73. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: -- (HALL,E., 605. --- --1871)
| F  | 455736 | SYNTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| NY |        | SYNTYPE |

**380. ORMOSTACHYA** WI EGAND,K. M., RHODORA 24:196. 1922.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: GRAFTON CO.: FRANCONIA, LITTLETON HILL (FAXON,E. AND FAXON,CE.,---. 27 MAY 1896)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**381. ORONENSIS** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:471, PL.l, FIG.15,16. 1902.

USA: MAINE: PENOBSCOT CO.: ORONO (FERNALD,M.L., ---.30 JUN 1891)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

**382. OXYCARPA** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:303. 1905.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: COLUMBIA (SUKSDORF,W.N., 816. 02 JUN 1885)
| F  | 96129  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|
| F  | 211365 | TYPE MATERIAL |
| US | 27292  | TYPE MATERIAL |

**383. OXYLEPIS VAR. PUBESCENS** UNDERWOOD,J.K., AMER. MIDL. NATURALIST 33:635. 1945.

USA: TENNESSEE: CHEATHAM CO.: PEGRAM (SVENSON,H.K., 10469. 12 JUL 1939)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**-P-**

**384. PACHYCARPA** MACKENZIE,K.K.,BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:616. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALPINE CO.: SILVER VALLEY, BIG TREE ROAD; ALT. 8000 FT. (BREWER,W.H., 1977. 31 JUL 1863) 
| UC | 1060 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|------|----------|

**385. PACHYSTACHYA** CHAMISSO,L.A. EX STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:197.1855.

USA: ALASKA: ALEUTIAN ISLANDS, UNALASKA (ISLAND) (CHAMISSO,L.A., ---. ---)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**386. PACHYSTOMA** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 20:302. 1905.

USA: OREGON: KLAMATH CO.: CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK, ANNA CREEK CANYON (COVILLE,F.V., 1362. 03 SEP 1902) 
| US | 415172 | TYPE |
|----|--------|------|

**387. PAODOENSIS** SUKSDORF,W.N., ALLG. BOT. Z. SYST. 12:43. 1906.

USA: WASHINGTON: YAKIMA CO.: MOUNT ADAMS (“PADDO”) (SUKSDORF,W.N., 1296. 13 AUG 1897)
| F  | 223512  | TYPEMATERIAL  |
|----|---------|---------------|
| F  | 1471489 | TYPE MATERIAL |
| GH |         | ISOTYPE       |
| NY |         | ISOTYPE       |
| US | 529528  | TYPE MATERIAL |

**388. PALAWANENSIS** KUKENTHAL,G. IN ELMER,A.D.E., LEAFL. PHILIPP. BOT.4:1169. 1911.

PHILIPPINES: PALAWAN: PUERTO PRINCESA, MOUNT PULGAR (ELMER,A.D.E., 13146. -- MAY 1911)
| GH |        | ISOTYPE       |
|----|--------|---------------|
| NY |        | TYPE MATERIAL |
| US | 872800 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**389. PALLESCENS VAR. NEOGAEA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:306, PL.712.1942.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: GANDER RIVER VALLEY, GLENWOOD (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 4918. 12-13 JUL 1911) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**390. PANSA** BAILEY,l.H., BOT. GAZ. 13:82. 1888.

USA: OREGON: CLATSOP CO.: CLATSOP (HENDERSON,L.F., 1482.31 JUL 1886-20 AUG 1887)
| OS | 490462 | SYNTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| NY |        | SYNTYPE |

**391. PAPULOSA** BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:418.1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C.,---.--- -- 1853-1856)
| GH |       | HOLOTYPE |
|----|-------|----------|
| NY |       | ISOTYPE  |
| US | 31344 | ISOTYPE  |

**392. PARCIFLORA** BOOTT,F., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S.,6:418. 1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C.,---. ---)
| US | 27275 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|-------|---------------|

**393. PARRYANA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 27:239. 1835.

CANADA: --: HUDSON BAY (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**394. X PATUENSIS** LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 89:113, FIG.1. 1962.

CANADA: QUEBEC: UNGAVA BAY, LAKE PATU (DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E., 39329; 19 AUG 1961) 
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**395. PAUCICOSTATA** MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:74. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BOLANDER,H.N., 6198. --- JUL 1866) 
| OS | 49738  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| F  | 309086 | TYPE MATERIAL   |
| MO |        | TYPE MATERIAL   |
| NY |        | TYPE COLLECTION |

**396. PAUPERCULA VAR. BREVISQUAMA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 20:152. 1918.

CANADA: QUEBEC: ILE AUX COUDRES (MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE), 4021. --- JUN 1917)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**397. PAUPERCULA VAR. PALLENS** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 8:77. 1906.

USA: MAINE: OXFORD CO.: BUCKFIELD (ALLEN,J.A., 21A. 01 JUL 1878)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**398. PAYSONIS** CLOKEY,I.W., AMER. J. SCI. SER.5, 3:90, PL.2. 1922.

USA: WYOMING: TETON CO.: GRAND TETON NATIONAL PARK, JACKSON HOLE VALLEY (PAYSON,E.B. AND PAYSON,L.B., 2224. 06 AUG 1920) 
| GH |        | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| UC | 905434 | HOLOTYPE |

**399. PELOCARPA** HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 39:492. 1937.

USA: UTAH: SUMMIT CO.: LAMOTTE PEAK (HERMANN,F.J., 5983. 15 AUG 1933)
| CAS | 239452 | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|--------|----------|
| NY  |        | HOLOTYPE |

**400. PERCOSTATA** HERMANN,F.J., J. WASH. ACAD. SCI. 40:282. 1950.

MEXICO: CHIHUAHUA: MADERA (MULLER,C.H., 3520. 27 SEP 1939)
| CAS | 369422  | ISOTYPE |
|-----|---------|---------|
| US  | 2133207 | TYPE    |

**401. PERGLOBOSA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:606. 1907.

USA: COLORADO: SUMMIT CO.: MOUNT BALDY, BRECKENRIDGE (MACKENZIE,K.K., 167. -- AUG 1901) 
| MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE      |

**402. PERILEIA** BLAKE,S.T., J. ARNOLD ARBOR. 28:102. 1947.

INDONESIA: WEST NEW GUINEA: LAKE HABBEMA; (COUNTRY AS “DUTCH NEW GUINEA”) (BRASS,L.J., 9583. -- AUG 1938) 
| A |  | SOTYPE |
|---|--|--------|

**403. PERLONGA** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 43:61. 1907. 

MEXICO: HIDALGO: TRINIDAD IRON WORKS; ALT. 1585 M. (PRINGLE,C.G., 8863. 02 JUN 1904) 
| CAS | 155657 | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|--------|----------|
| CAS | 193005 | ISOTYPE  |
| F   | 178542 | ISOTYPE  |
| GH  |        | HOLOTYPE |
| MO  |        | ISOTYPE  |
| NY  |        | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 461358 | ISOTYPE  |

**404. PERSTRICTA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:479. 1909.

MEXICO: NUEVO LEON: MONTERREY (PRINGLE,C.G., 2630. 05 JUN 1889)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| NY |  | TYPE    |

**405. PETASATA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:246. 1836.

USA: --: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (DRUMMOND,T.,---. --- )
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**406. PETRICOSA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 29:246. 1836.

USA: --: ROCKY MOUNTAINS (DRUMMOND,T.,---. --- )
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**407. PETRIEI** CHEESEMAN,T.F., TRANS. & PROC. NEW ZEALAND INST. 16:413.1884

NEW ZEALAND: CANTERBURY (DISTRICT): SOUTH ISLAND, BROKEN RIVER (CHEESEMAN,T.F., ---. -- JAN 1883)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**408. PHAEOCEPHALA** PIPER,C.V., CONTR. U.S. NATL. HERB. 11:172. 1906.

USA: OREGON: CLACKAMAS CO.: MOUNT HOOD (HALL,E., 583. 01 AUG 1871)
| F  | 455706  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|---------|-----------------|
| F  | 1425899 | TYPE COLLECTION |
| GH |         | TYPE COLLECTION |
| MO |         | TYPE COLLECTION |
| NY |         | TYPE COLLECTION |

**409. PHAEOLEPIS** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:302. 1904.

USA: OREGON: CROOK CO.: BEAR BUTTES (LEIBERG,J.B., 335. 26 JUN 1894)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**410. PHALAROIDES VAR. PARVULA** GROSS,R., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.50:211. 1941.

ARGENTINA: JUJUY: TILCARA OEPT.: TILCARA (VENTURIS., 6491. 15 FEB 1927)
| US | 1545831 | TYPE |
|----|---------|------|

**411. PHILOCRENA** KRECZETOWICZ,V.I., TRUOY SREDNE-AZIATSK. GOSUD. UNIV., SER. 8B, BOT. 17:75. 1934.

USSR: TAOZHIKISTAN: PAMIRS; ALT. 8200 FT. (LIPSKY,V. I., 2732. 19 JUL 1899)
| NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|

**412. PHYLLOMANICA** BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT.2:233 1880

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N., 4746. -- --- 1866)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| MO |  | ISOTYPE  |
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

**413. PHYSOCHLAENA** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:317. 1904.

USA: ALASKA: YUKON VALLEY, COAL CREEK HILL (FUNSTON,F., 139. 30 JUL 1893)
| F  | 755322 | TYPE MATERIAL   |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| MO | 920815 | TYPE COLLECTION |
| NY |        | TYPE COLLECTION |

**414. PICTA** BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A., MEM. AMER. ACAD. ARTS N.S., 6:418.1859.

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE): HAKODATE (WRIGHT,C., ---. ---)
| US | 31374 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|-------|---------------|

**415. PICTA** STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:184. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., ---. ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**416. PINETORUM VAR. ELATIOR** KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:195. 1909.

MEXICO: OAXACA: SIERRA DE SAN FELIPE; ALT. 10,000 FT. (PRINGLE,C.G., 4685. 08 JUN 1894)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |

**417. PIPERI** MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,R.K., FL. NW. COAST 75. 1915.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: VANCOUVER ISLAND, CEDAR HILL (MACOUN,JOHN, ---. 31 MAY 1887)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**418. PIRCHINCHENSIS VAR. SIMPLEX** GROSS,R., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.50:211. 1941.

COLOMBIA: --: -- (MUTIS,J.C., KILLIP NO.5715.-- --- 1760-1808)
| US | 1563811 | TYPE |
|----|---------|------|

**419. PITYOPHILA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 40:545. 1913.

USA: NEW MEXICO: RIO ARRIBA CO.: TIERRA AMARILLA (EGGLESTON,W.W., 6605. 18 APR-25 MAY 1911) 
| CAS | 383889 | ISOTYPE       |
|-----|--------|---------------|
| NY  |        | TYPE MATERIAL |
| US  | 660821 | TYPE          |

**420. PLANATA** FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER,L., ENUM. PL. JAP. 2:126, 555.1879.

JAPAN: KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE): HONSHU (ISLAND), YOKOSUKA (SAVATIER,L., 2059. -- --- 1866-1874)
| US | 27269 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|-------|---------------|

**421. PLATYLEPIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:142. 1931.

USA: WYOMING: BIG HORN CO.: BIG HORN MOUNTAINS, TEN SLEEP LAKES (WILLIAMS,T.A., 2951. 19 AUG 1897) 
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**422. PLATYPHYLLA** CAREY,J., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 4:23. 1847.

USA: NEW YORK: (“NOV. EBOR.”) (CAREY,J., ---. ---)
| GH |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|

**423. PLECTOCARPA** HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 10:66. 1964.

USA: MONTANA: GLACIER CO.: GLACIER NATIONAL PARK,LOGAN PASS, HIDDEN LAKE; ALT. 7300 FT. (HERMANN,F.J., 18120. 21 AUG 1962)
| CAS | 416360  | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|---------|----------|
| US  | 2420276 | HOLOTYPE |

**424. PLUVICA VAR. KOOLAUENSIS** KRAUSS,R., PACIFIC SCI. 4:274. 1950.

USA: HAWAII: HONOLULU CO.: OAHU (ISLAND), KOOLAU MOUNTAINS (HOSAKA,E.Y., 594. 04 JUL 1932) 
| US | 2074725 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|---------|---------------|

**425. PODOCARPA** BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,J., NARR. JOURNEY POLAR SEA 751. 1819.

CANADA: --: -- (RICHARDSON,J., ---. --- )
| GH |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|

**426. POOOGYNA** FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER,L., ENUM. PL. JAP. 2:131, 557.1879.

JAPAN: TOKYO (PREFECTURE): TOKYO (SAVATIER,L., 1413.-- --- 1866-1874)
| US | 27270 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|-------|---------------|

**427. PORTERI** OLNEY,S.T., CARIC. BOR.-AMER. 12. 1871.

USA: MAINE: PISCATAQUIS CO.: MOUNT KINEO, MOOSEHEAD LAKE (PORTER,T.C., ---. 28 AUG 1871)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**428. POTOSINA** HEMSLEY,W.B., BIOL. CENTR.-AMER. 3:474. 1885.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: SAN LUIS POTOSI (SCHAFFNER,J.G., 546. -- --- 1877)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**429. PRAECEPTORIUM** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:95. 1931.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: SIMCOE MOUNTAINS, GOLDENDALE (PECK,M.E., 13. 13 AUG 1917) 
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**430. PRAEGRACILIS** BOOTT,W., BOT. GAZ. 9:87. 1884.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SAN DIEGO CO.: SAN DIEGO (SCOTT,(MISS), ---. -- --- 1880)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**431. PRAINII** CLARKE,C.B., J. LINN. SOC., BOT. 36:305. 1904.

CHINA: YUNNAN: RED RIVER (HENRY,A., 10839. ---)
| MO |        | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|
| US | 458108 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**432. PRAIREA** DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A., CLASS-BOOK BOT. 414. 1845.

USA: MICHIGAN: -- (---, ---. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**433. PRATENSIS** DREJER,S.T.N., NATURHIST. TIDSSKR. 3:442. 1841.

GREENLAND: --: -- (VAHL,J.,---. ---)
| CAS | 105004 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|-----|--------|-----------------|

**434. PRATENSIS VAR. FURVA** BAILEY,L.H. IN MACOUN,JOHN, CAT. CANADIAN PL.5:377. 1890.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: VANCOUVER ISLAND, CEDAR HILL (MACOUN,JOHN, ---. 31 MAY 1887)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**435. PRATICOLA VAR. SUBCORIACEA** HERMANN,F.J., LEAFL. W. BOT. 8:113.1957.

CANADA: ALBERTA: MOUNTAIN PARK, MCCLEOD RIVER (HERMANN,F.J., 13453. 26 AUG 1956)
| CAS | 404488  | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|---------|----------|
| US  | 2265957 | HOLOTYPE |

**436. PREISSII ESSENBACH**,N.VON IN LEHMANN,J., PL. PREISS. 2:94. 1846.

AUSTRALIA: --: -- (PREISS,L., 1825. ---)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

AUSTRALIA: WESTERN AUSTRALIA: PERTH (PREISS,L., 1861. --- JUL 1839)
| MO | 2002968 | SYNTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|

**437. PRESLII STEUDEL**,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:242. 1855.

USA: ALASKA: NUTKA SOUND (“SINUS NUTKA”) (HAENKE,T., ---. ---)
| US | 865056 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|

**438. PRINGLEI BAILEY**,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 17:151. 1892.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: HACIENDA DE ANGUSTURA, 100 MILES EAST OF SAN LUIS POTOSI (PRINGLE,C.G., 3801. 04 AUG 1891)
| F  | 105551  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|---------|-----------------|
| F  | 1607711 | TYPE COLLECTION |
| GH |         | TYPE COLLECTION |
| MO |         | TYPE COLLECTION |
| NY |         | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US | 817724  | TYPE COLLECTION |

**439. PRIONPHYLLA** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 14:423. 1902.

USA: IDAHO: DIVIDE BETWEEN SAINT JOE AND CLEARWATER RIVERS (LEIBERG,J.B., 125. 10 JUL 1895) 
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**440. PROJECTA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:264. 1908.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KENT CO.: KOUCHIBOUGUAC (FOWLER,J., ---.-- --- 1872)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE         |
|----|--|-----------------|
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |

**441. PROPOSITA** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:126. 1931.

USA: IDAHO: BLAINE CO.: SMOKY MOUNTAINS; ALT. 2700 M. (MACBRIDE,J.F. AND PAYSON,E.B., 3778. 13 AUG 1916) 
| CAS | 102638 | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|--------|----------|
| GH  |        | ISOTYPE  |
| NY  |        | HOLOTYPE |

**442. X PSEUDO-FULVA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODOR 35:231. 1933.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: PORT AU PORT BAY, TABLE MOUNTAIN (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 4258. 16 AUG 1910) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**443. PSEUDOJAPONICA** CLARKE,C.B., BULL. MISC. INFORM. ADD.SER.8:81.1908.

USA: CALIFORNIA: NEVADA CO.: SIERRA NEVADA RANGE, DONNER LAKE; ALT. 2750 M. (HELLER,A.A., 7187. 17 AUG 1903)
| F  | 215918 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| NY |        | TYPE COLLECTION |

**444. PTEROLEPTA** FRANCHET,A., NOUV. ARCH. MUS. HIST. NAT. SER.3, 8:215.1896.

CHINA: YUNNAN: -- (DELAVAY,R.P., 4829. 15 JUL 1889) 
| US | 1123683 | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|

**445. PTYCHOCARPA** STEUDEL,E.G., SYN. PL. GLUM. 2:234. 1855.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (DRUMMOND,T., 424. -- --- 1832)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**446. PURPUREOVAGINATA VAR. ITATIAIAE** GROSS,R.,REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 50:212. 1941.

BRAZIL: RIO DE JANEIRO: ITATIAIA (CHASE,A., 8283. 17 JAN 1925) 
| US | 1282178 | TYPE |
|----|---------|------|

**447. PURPURIFERA** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:253. 1935.

USA: TENNESSEE: CAMPBELL CO.: CHASKA (BRIGHT,J., ---.18 MAY 1923)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**448. PYCNOTHYSOS** KUKENTHAL,G., PHILIPP. J. SCI. 6:60. 1911.

PHILIPPINES: NEGROS OCCIDENTAL: MOUNT CANLAON (VOLCANO) (MERRILL,E.D., 543. -- APR 1910) 
| US | 1398830 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|---------|---------------|

-Q-

**449. QUADRIFIDA** BAILEY,L.H., PROC. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. SER.2, 3:104.1891.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA, TUOLUMNE RIVER (BOLANDER,H.N., 5046. ----- 1866)
| DS | 55002 | SYNTYPE |
|----|-------|---------|
| NY |       | SYNTYPE |

**450. QUADRIFIDA VAR. LENIS** BAILEY,L.H., PROC. CALIF. ACAD. SCI. SER.2, 3:105. 1891.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA, TUOLUMNE RIVER (BOLANDER,H.N., 5046. -- --- 1866)
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**451. X QUEBECENSIS** LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 91:168. 1964.

CANADA: QUEBEC: SAGUENAY CO.: ROMAINE RIVER (DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E., 41,305. 12 AUG 1963) 
| GH |         | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|
| NY |         | ISOTYPE |
| US | 2433718 | ISOTYPE |

**452. QUICHENSIS** HERMANN,F.J., J. WASH. ACAD. SCI. 40:284. 1950.

GUATEMALA: QUICHE: NEBAJ (SHARP,A.J., 45144. 07 FEB 1945) 
| US | 2133193 | TYPE |
|----|---------|------|

**-R-**

**453. RACHILLIS** MAGUIRE,B., BRITTONIA 5:199. 1944.

USA: UTAH: GILBERT PEAK (MAGUIRE,B. AND MAGUIRE,R.R.,14668. 16 AUG 1936)
| CAS | 325253  | ISOTYPE       |
|-----|---------|---------------|
| NY  |         | TYPE          |
| US  | 1872576 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**454. RAMOSII** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 8:8. 1910.

PHILIPPINES: RIZAL: LUZON (ISLAND), MORONG (RAMOS,M., BUR. SCI. 1434. -- AUG 1906)
| US | 626608 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|

**455. RAYNOLOSII** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 32:39. 1861.

USA: IDAHO: FREMONT CO.: PIERRE’S HOLE AND HENRY'S FORK (HAYDEN,F.V., --. 20 JUN 1860)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**456. RETROCURVA** DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A., CLASS-BOOK BOT. 423. 1845.

USA: NEW YORK: JEFFERSON CO.: -- (WOOD,W.A., ---. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**457. RETROCURVA VAR. COPULATA** BAILEY,L.H., HERB. DISTR. NO.161. 1886.

USA: MICHIGAN: INGHAM CO.: LANSING (BAILEY,L.H., 161. 01 JUN 1886)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**458. RETROFLEXA** MUHLENBERG,H. EX WILLDENOW,C.L., SP. PL. ED.4, 4:235.1805.

USA: TEXAS: -- (DRUMMOND,T., ---. ---)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**459. RHYNCHACHAENIUM** CLARKE,C.B. IN MERRILL,E.D., PUBL. BUR. SCI. GOV. LAB. 35:5. 1906 (“1905”). 

PHILIPPINES: BATAAN: MOUNT MARIVELES; ALT. 1100 M. (ELMER,A.D.E., 6983. -- NOV 1904) 
| NY |  | COTYPE |
|----|--|--------|

**460. RICHARDSONII** BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,J., NARR. JOURNEY POLAR SEA 751. 1819.

CANADA: --: -- (RICHARDSON,J.,---. ---)
| GH |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|

**461. RICHARDSONII FOR. EXSERTA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:290. 1942.

USA: ILLINOIS: HANCOCK CO.: AUGUSTA (MEAD,S.B., ---. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**462. ROANENSIS** HERMANN,F.J., CASTANEA 12:113. 1948 (“1947”).

USA: TENNESSEE: CARTER CO.: ROAN MOUNTAIN; ALT.4700 FT. (BROWN,D.M., 255. 02 AUG 1936) 
| JS | 2133190 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|

**463. RORAIMENSIS** STEYERMARK, J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:67, FIG.7. 1951.

VENEZUELA: BOLIVAR: MOUNT RORAIMA; ALT. 2700-2740 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 5887C. 28 SEP 1944)
| F  | 1263854 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| NY |         | ISOTYPE  |

**464. ROSAEOIDES** HOWE,E.C. IN GORDINIER, H.C. AND HOWE,E.C., FL. RENSSELAER CO. 33. 1894.

USA: NEW YORK: RENSSELAER CO.: LANSINGBURGH (HOWE,E.C.,---. 30 MAY 1887)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**465. ROSEA VAR. ARKANSANA** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 13:87. 1888.

USA: ARKANSAS: PULASKI CO.: LITTLE ROCK, LA FOURCHE CREEK (HASSE,H.E., ---. 01 MAY 1886)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

**466. ROSEA VAR. PUSILLA** PECK,C.H., ANNUAL REP. NEW YORK STATE MUS.48:132. 1895.

USA: NEW YORK: LIVINGSTONE CO.: PORTAGE (PECK,C.H., ---. -- JUN 1894)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**467. ROSEA VAR. STAMINATA** PECK,C.H., ANNUAL REP. NEW YORK STATE MUS.47:164. 1894.

USA: NEW YORK: OTSEGO CO.: COOPERSTOWN JUNCTION (PECK,C.H., 5. -- JUN 1893)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**468. RUBRO-BRUNNEA VAR. ELINEOLATA** MERRILL,E.O., LINGNAN SCI. J. 13:18.1934.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: LOH-FAU-SHAN (MOUNTAIN), POK-LO (TSUI,T.M., 74. -- MAR-APR 1932)
| A  |         | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|
| GH |         | ISOTYPE |
| MO | 1260436 | ISOTYPE |
| NY |         | TYPE    |
| US | 1754487 | ISOTYPE |

**469. RUGATA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 43:545, PL.671. 1941.

USA: VIRGINIA: SUSSEX CO.: HOMEVILLE (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B.,11787. 07 MAY 1940)
| CAS | 336836  | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|---------|----------|
| F   | 1489429 | ISOTYPE  |
| GH  |         | HOLOTYPE |
| MO  | 1306478 | ISOTYPE  |
| NY  |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 2003132 | ISOTYPE  |

**470. RUGATA** OHWI,J., ACTA PHYTOTAX. GEOBOT. 1:76. 1932.

JAPAN: --: HONSHU (ISLAND), MOUNT DAIMONJI IN YAMASHIRO (OHWI,J., 29. 04 MAY 1931)
| F | 1463953 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|---|---------|---------------|

**471. RUGOSPERMA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:621. 1915.

USA: NEW JERSEY: OCEAN CO.: TUCKERTON (MACKENZIE,K.K., 9871. -- MAY 1911)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**472. RUSBYI** MACKENZIE,K.K., SMITHSONIAN MISC. COLLECT. 65(71:2. 1915.

USA: ARIZONA: YAVAPAI CO.: --- (RUSBY,H.H., 859. -- --- 1883)
| NY |       | TYPE            |
|----|-------|-----------------|
| US | 30267 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**473. RUTHII** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:112. 1931.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: BUNCOMBE CO.: CRAGGY MOUNTAIN (RUTH,A.,---. -- JUL 1900)
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

-S-

**474. SALINAEFORMIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:477. 1909.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MENDOCINO CO.: MENDOCINO CITY (BOLANDER,H.N.,4702. -- ---1866)
| CAS | 383801 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|-----|--------|-----------------|
| DS  | 293480 | TYPE COLLECTION |
| F   | 30885  | TYPE MATERIAL   |
| MO  |        | TYPE MATERIAL   |
| NY  |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US  | 29888  | TYPE COLLECTION |
| US  | 319226 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**475. SALTAENSIS** GROSSER., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 50:211. 1941.

ARGENTINA: SALTA: ROSARIO DEPT.: CAMPO QUIJANO (VENTURIS., 8650. -- ---1929)
| US | 1545752 | TYPE |
|----|---------|------|

**476. SANGUINEA** BOOTT,F., TRANS. LINN. SOC. LONDON 20:137. 1846.

AFGHANISTAN: --: -- (GRIFFITHS., 96(KEW 6094). ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**477. SARAHAKETENSIS** KUKENTHAL,G., BOT. JAHRB. SYST. 69:262. 1938.

PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: NORTH-EAST NEW GUINEA (TERRITORY): MOROBE DISTRICT: FINISTERRE RANGE, MOUNT SARAWAKET (CLEMENS,J. AND CLEMENS,M.S., 5546. -- MAR 1937) 
| A |  | ISOTYPE |
|---|--|---------|

**478. SARTWELLIANA** OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:396.1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BREWER,W.H., 1636. -- --- 1863)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**479. SARTWELLII** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 43:90. 1842.

USA: NEW YORK: SENECA CO.: JUNIUS (SARTWELL,H.P., 12. ---)
| CAS | 383407 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|-----|--------|-----------------|
| CAS | 553975 | TYPE COLLECTION |
| NY  |        | TYPE COLLECTION |

**480. SAVAIIENSIS** KUKENTHAL,G., BERNICE P. BISHOP MUS. BULL. 128:24.1935.

WESTERN SAMOA: ---: SAVAII ISLAND (CHRISTOPHERSEN,E., 800. 24 SEP 1929)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**481. X SAXENII NM. FERRUGINEA** LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 83:142. 1956.

CANADA: QUEBEC: JAMES BAY, FORT GEORGE (DUTILLY,A.; LEPAGE,E. AND DUMAN,M., 32357. 14 AUG 1954)
| GH |         | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|
| US | 2176493 | ISOTYPE |

**482. SAXIMONTANA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 33:439. 1906.

USA: COLORADO: LARIMER CO.: FORT COLLINS (BAKER,C.F.,---.--- )
| MO |  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--|---------------|
| NY |  | TYPE MATERIAL |

**483. SCABRIOR** SARTWELL,H. P. EX DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 8:349. 1849.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 72. --- )
| CAS | 553877 | ISOTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|

**484. SCABRIUSCULA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:268. 1908.

USA: WASHINGTON: CASCADE MOUNTAINS (CUSICK,W.C., 2849. 30 JUN 1902)
| DS | 490735 | ISOTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| MO |        | ISOTYPE |
| NY |        | TYPE    |
| US | 528631 | ISOTYPE |

**485. SCAPOSA** HOOKER,J.D., BOT. MAG. PL.6940. 1887.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: LOH-FAU-SHAN (MOUNTAIN) (FORD,C.,--- -- -.-- 1883?)
| MO | 2002967 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|---------|-----------------|

**486. SCHAFFNERI** BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 18:172.1883.

MEXICO: SAN LUIS POTOSI: SAN LUIS POTOSI (SCHAFFNER,J.G., 546.-- --- 1877)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**487. SCHNEIDERI** NELMES,E., BULL. MISC. INFORM. 201. 1939.

CHINA: YUNNAN: LIKIANG (SCHNEIDER,C., 2738. 06 AUG 1914) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**488. SCHWEINITZII** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 9:68. 1825.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: BERKSHIRE CO.: WILLIAMSTOWN (DEWEY,C.,---.--)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**489. SCIRPIFORMIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 35:270. 1908.

CANADA: ALBERTA: BANFF NATIONAL PARK, BANFF (MCCALLA,W.C., 2348. 28 JUL 1899)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**490. SCIRPOIDEA VAR. GIGAS** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 18:20. 1904.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SISKIYOU CO.: MOUNT EDDY (PRINGLE,C.G., ---. 19 AUG 1881)
| F  | 210109 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| NY |        | TYPE COLLECTION |

**491. SCIRPOIDEA VAR. STENOCHLAENA** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 18:20.1904.

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: CHILLIWACK VALLEY (MACOUN,J.M., 33728. 12 JUL 1901)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**492. SCOPARIA VAR. CONDENSA** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:468, PL.l. 1902.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: MIDDLESEX CO.: MEDFORD (BOOTT,W., ---.26 JUL 1865)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**493. SCOPARIA VAR. FULVA** BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT. 2:237. 1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALPINE CO.: SILVER VALLEY (BREWER,W.H., 1969. 31 JUL 1863)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**494. SCOPARIA VAR. MINOR** BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 3:116, PL.369.1862.

USA: NEW HAMPSHIRE: WHITE MOUNTAINS (TUCKERMAN,E., ---. ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**495. SCOPARIA VAR. MONILIFORMIS** TUCKERMAN,E., ENUM. CARIC. 17. 1843.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: MIDDLESEX CO.: CAMBRIDGE (TUCKERMAN,E., ---. --- )
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**496. SCOPARIA FOR. PERACUTA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 23:234. 1921.

CANADA: NOVA SCOTIA: YARMOUTH CO.: SAND BEACH (FERNALD,M. L. AND LONG,B., 20296. 14 JUL 1920) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**497. SCOPARIA VAR. SUBTURBINATA** FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., RHODORA 14:116. 1912.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: EXPLOITS RIVER VALLEY, GRAND FALLS AREA, RUSHY POND (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 4796.28 AUG 1911)
| F  | 464432 | SYNTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| GH |        | HOLOTYPE |
| NY |        | ISOTYPE  |

**498. SCOPARIA VAR. TESSELLATA** FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., RHODORA 12:135. 1910.

USA: MAINE: WASHINGTON CO.: PEMBROKE (FERNALD,M.L., 1464. C8 JUL 1909)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|
| NY |  | ISOTYPE  |

**499. SCOULERI** TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:399. 1836.

USA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: “WESTERN SHORE OF AMERICA, OBSERVATORY INLET” (ARM OF PORTLAND INLET) (SCOULER,J., 296. ---)
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**500. SEATONIANA** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 25:270. 1898.

MEXICO: HIDALGO: TULA (PRINGLE,C.G., 7452. 24 JUN 1897) 
| CAS | 445940 | ISOTYPE         |
|-----|--------|-----------------|
| GH  |        | ISOTYPE         |
| US  | 305734 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**501. SHELOONII** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 42:618. 1915.

USA: OREGON: UNION CO.: CLARK’S CREEK (SHELDON,E.P., 8854. 09 SEP 1897)
| NY |        | ISOTYPE         |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| NY |        | TYPE            |
| US | 528495 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**502. SICCATA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 10:278. 1826.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: HAMPDEN CO.: WESTFIELD (DAVIS,E., ---. ---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**503. SIMULATA** MACKENZ IE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:604. 1907.

USA: WYOMING: ALBANY CO.: CHUG CREEK (NELSON,A., 7316. 29 JUN 1900)
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**504. SMALLIANA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 36:484. 1909.

USA: GEORGIA: TATTNALL CO.: REIDSVILLE (HARPER,R.M., 2159. 26 APR 1904)
| US | 511177 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|

**505. SONOMENSIS** STACEY.J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:63. 1937.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SONOMA CO.: SEBASTOPOL, PITKIN MARSH (HOWELL,J.T. AND STACEY,J.W., 13042. 06 JUN 1937) 
| CAS | 246086  | HOLOTYPE |
|-----|---------|----------|
| CAS | 246636  | ISOTYPE  |
| OS  | 258275  | ISOTYPE  |
| DS  | 374718  | ISOTYPE  |
| F   | 907841  | ISOTYPE  |
| GH  |         | ISOTYPE  |
| NY  |         | ISOTYPE  |
| UC  | 835699  | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 1736782 | ISOTYPE  |

**506. SOPERI** RAUP,H.M., SARGENTIA 6:129, FIG.12. 1947.

CANADA: NORTHWEST TERRITORIES: MACKENZIE DISTRICT: BRINTELL LAKE (RAUP.H.M. AND SOPER,J.H., 9534. 18 JUL 1939) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**507. SPECIFICA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:21. 1889.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALPINE CO.: SILVER VALLEY (BREWER,W.H., 1969. 31 JUL 1863)
| CAS | 232289 | SYNTYPE |
|-----|--------|---------|
| US  | 30329  | SYNTYPE |

**508. SPECUICOLA** HOWELL,J.T., LEAFL. W. BOT. 5:148. 1949.

USA: ARIZONA: COCONINO CO.: INSCRIPTION HOUSE (HOWELL,J.T., 24609. 23 JUN 1948)
| CAS | 342552  | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|---------|----------|
| CAS | 342553  | HOLOTYPE |
| DS  | 337970  | ISOTYPE  |
| GH  |         | ISOTYPE  |
| NY  |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 2006386 | ISOTYPE  |

**509. SPRETA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:6. 1889.

USA: OREGON: MULTNOMAH CO.: SAUVIE ISLAND (COLUMBIA RIVER AT MOUTH OF WILLAMETTE RIVER) (HOWELL,T.J., ---.-- MAY 1880)
| GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|
| MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION |

**510. STANDLEYANA** STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 3:23. 1952.

GUATEMALA: JALAPA: AGUACATE (WILLIAMS,L.O., 13178. 06 JUL 1947)
| F | 1252385 | HOLOTYPE |
|---|---------|----------|

**511. STANTONENSIS** JONES,M.E., BULL. MONTANA STATE UNIV., BIOL. SER.15:2C., PL.3. 1910.

USA: MONTANA: STANTON LAKE (WILLIAMS,R.S.,-- ---. 11 AUG 1894)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**512. STELLATA** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:226. 1935.

MEXICO: HIDALGO: IXMIQUILPAN (ROSE,J.N.; PAINTER,J.H. AND ROSE,J.S., 9019. ------ 1905)
| NY |        | ISOTYPE  |
|----|--------|----------|
| US | 452499 | HOLOTYPE |

**513. STELLULATA VAR. CONFERTA** CHAPMAN,A.W., FL. S. U.S. ED.l, 534.1860.

USA: FLORIDA: GADSDEN CO.: -- (CHAPMAN,A.W., ---. --- )
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**514. STENOPHYLLA VAR. DESERTORUM** LITVINOV,D.I., ALLG. BOT. Z. SYST.5(BEIH.1):56. 1899.

USSR: TURKESTAN: -- (LITVINOV,D.I., 153. -- --- 1897)
| US | 616142 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|

**515. STENOPTERA** MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:28. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: LOS ANGELES CO.: SAN ANTONIO MOUNTAINSt ICE HOUSE CANYON (JOHNSTON,I.M., 1505. 31 JUL 1917) 
| DS | 83850 | ISOTYPE |
|----|-------|---------|
| NY |       | TYPE    |

**516. STERILIS VAR. EXCELSIOR** BAILEY,L.H., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 20:424.1893.

USA: NEW YORK: SENECA CO.: JUNIUS (SARTWELL,H.P., 35. ---)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**517. STEUDELII KUNTH**,C.S., ENUM. PL. 2:480. 1837.

USA: OHIO: MIAMI RIVER VALLEY (FRANK,J.C., ---. -- --- 1835)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**518. STEYERMARKII** STANDLEY,P.C., PUBL. FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST., BOT. SER.23:196. 1947.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: CERRO HUITZ (STEYERMARK,J.A., 48542. 14 JUL 1942)
| F | 1129096 | HOLOTYPE |
|---|---------|----------|

**519. STIPATA VAR. LAEVIVAGINATA** KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:172. 1909.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: BUNCOMBE CO.: BILTMORE (NEAR ASHEVILLE) (BILTMORE HERBARIUM, 262A. 28 MAY 1897)
| F  | 813737 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|
| GH |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
| MO |        | TYPE COLLECTION |
| NY |        | TYPE COLLECTION |

**520. STIPATA VAR. MAXIMA** CHAPMAN,A.W. EX BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 3:121, PL.391. 1862.

USA: FLORIDA: APPALACHICOLA (CHAPMAN,A.W., ---. ---)
| US | 969091 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--------|-----------------|

**521. STIPATA VAR.** SUBSECUTA PECK,C.H., ANNUAL REP. NEW YORK STATE MUS.48:128. 1895.

USA: NEW YORK: RENSSELAER CO.: BERLIN (PECK,C.H., ---.-- JUN 1894)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**522. STIPATA VAR. UBERIOR** MOHR,C., CONTR. U.S. NATL. HERB. 6:417. 1910.

USA: ALABAMA: MOBILE RIVER (MOHR,C.,---. 26 APR 1897)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**523. STRAMINEA VAR. CUMULATA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:23.1889.

CANADA: NEW BRUNSWICK: KENT CO.: --- (FOWLER,J., ---. -- JUL 1870)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| MO |  | SYNTYPE |
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |

**524. STRAMINEA VAR. ECHINOOES** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:474, PL.2. 1902.

CANADA: ONTARIO: LAMBTONCO.: WYOMING (MACOUN,JOHN, 26624. 24 JUN 1901)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**525. STRAMINEA VAR. RENIFORMIS** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:73.1889.

USA: MISSISSIPPI: OKTIBBEHA CO.: STARKVILLE (TRACY,S.M., 17. 23 MAY 1888)
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**526. STRICTA VAR. XEROCARPA** BRITTON,N.L., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 22:222.1895.

USA: NEW YORK: STEUBEN CO.: PRATTSBURGH (WRIGHT,S.H., ---.---)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**527. STYLOFLEXA** BUCKLEY,S.B., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 45:174. 1843.

USA: NORTH CAROLINA: MACON CO.: MOUNTAINS (BUCKLEY,S.B., ---. ---)
| MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |

**528. STYLOSA VAR. VIRENS** BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:79.1886 (“1887”).

USA: OREGON: MULTNOMAH CO.: SAUVIE ISLAND (COLUMBIA RIVER AT MOUTH OF WILLAMETTE RIVER) (HOWELL,T.J., --- -- MAY 1880)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| MO |  | SYNTYPE |

**529. SUB-BRACTEATA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:612. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALAMEDA CO.: OAKLAND (BOLANDER,H.N., ---. --.--- 1860 CA.)
| GH |       | ISOTYPE  |
|----|-------|----------|
| NY |       | HOLOTYPE |
| US | 28683 | ISOTYPE  |

**530. SUBFUSCA** BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S., GEOL. SURV. CALIFORNIA, BOT. 2:234.1880.

USA: CALIFORNIA: LAKE TAHOE TO BEAR VALLEY (KELLOGG,A., ---.---)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**531. SUBIMPRESSA** CLOKEY,I.W., RHODORA 21:84. 1919.

USA: ILLINOIS: MACON CO.: -- (CLOKEY,I.W., 2338. 06 AUG 1915) 
| CAS | 162423 | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|--------|----------|
| UC  | 905433 | HOLOTYPE |

**532. SUBNIGRICANS** STACEY,J.W., LEAFL. W. BOT. 2:167. 1939.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA (HOWELL,J.T., 14519. 11 AUG 1938)
| CAS | 259816  | HOLOTYPE |
|-----|---------|----------|
| US  | 1765699 | ISOTYPE  |

**533. SUBORBICULATA** MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L., ILL. FL. PACIFIC STATES 1:338. 1923.

USA: WASHINGTON: KLICKITAT CO.: --(SUKSOORF,W.N., 1315. --JUL 1883)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**534. SUBTRANSVERSA** CLARKE,C.B., PHILIPP. J. SCI. 2:108. 1907.

PHILIPPINES: BENGUET: LUZON (ISLAND), PAUAI (MERRILL,E.D., 473C. --OCT-NOV 1905)
| NY |        | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|
| US | 710428 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**535. SUKSDORFII** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG. 16:434. 1920.

USA: WASHINGTON: YAKIMA CO.: MOUNT ADAMS (“PADDO”) (SUKSDORF,W.N., 7383. 27 AUG 1912) 
| CAS | 152864  | ISOTYPE         |
|-----|---------|-----------------|
| CAS | 243333  | ISOTYPE         |
| DS  | 171455  | ISOTYPE         |
| DS  | 269641  | ISOTYPE         |
| GH  |         | ISOTYPE         |
| MO  | 95212   | TYPE COLLECTION |
| NY  |         | ISOTYPE         |
| US  | 1437926 | TYPE COLLECTION |

**536. SUKSDORFII VAR. OVALIS** KUKENTHAL,G., REPERT. SP. NOV. REGNI VEG.16:434. 1920.

USA: WASHINGTON: YAKIMA CO.: MOUNT ADAMS (“PADDO”) (SUKSDORF,W.N., 5259. 21 AUG-20 SEP 1905)
| DS | 269625 | SYNTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| NY |        | SYNTYPE |

**537. SURCULOSA** RAYMOND,M., MEM. JARD. BOT. MONTREAL 52:22. 1959.

CHINA: KWANGTUNG: SIN-FUNG DISTRICT: SAI-LIN-SHAN VILLAGE, NGOK SHING SHAN (TAAM,Y.W., 502. 1-16 APR 1938) 
| A |  | HOLOTYPE |
|---|--|----------|

**538. SYCHNOCEPHALA** CAREY,J., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 4:24.1847.

USA: NEW YORK: JEFFERSON CO.: WATERTOWN (CAREY,J., ---. ---)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**-T-**

**539. TACHIRENSIS** STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:68, FIG.8. 1951.

VENEZUELA: TACHIRA: COLOMBIAN-VENEZUELAN BOUNDARY, PARAMO DE TAMA; ALT. 3045-3475 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 57367. 15 JUL 1944)
| F  | 1263858 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| US | 1932033 | ISOTYPE  |

**540. TAHITENSIS** BROWN,F.B.H., OCCAS. PAP. BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUS.9(4):8. 1930.

FRENCH POLYNESIA: --: SOCIETY ISLANDS, TAHITI, MOUNT OROHENA (MACDANIELS,L.H., 1542. 15 MAY 1927) 
| A |  | ISOTYPE |
|---|--|---------|

**541. TAMAKII** KOYAMA,T., BULL. ARTS SCI. DIV. RYUKYU UNIV. 3:75. 1959.

RYUKYU ISLANDS: OKINAWA (PREFECTURE): OKINAWA (ISLAND), YONA OKINAWA (ISLAND), YONA EXPERIMENTAL FOREST OF RYUKYU UNIVERSITY; (COUNTRY AS “JAPAN”) (KOYAMA,T., ---.23 NOV 1958)
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**542. TAMANA** STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:70. 1951.

VENEZUELA: TACHIRA: COLOMBIAN-VENEZUALAN BOUNDARY, PARAMO DE TAMA; ALT. 3045-3475 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 57401. 15 JUL 1944)
| F | 1263857 | HOLOTYPE |
|---|---------|----------|

**543. TENERA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 8:97. 1824.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: BERKSHIRE CO.: WILLIAMSTOWN, SADDLE MOUNTAIN (DEWEY,C.,---. 20 JUN---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**544. TENERA VAR. RICHII** FERNALD,M.L., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 37:475, PL.2. 1902.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: MIDDLESEX CO.: MIDDLESEX FALLS (RICH,W.P.,---. 05 JUN 1894)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**545. TENERAEFORMIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 43:609. 1916.

USA: CALIFORNIA: BUTTE CO.: JONESVILLE; ALT. 5100 FT. (HALL,H.M., 9781. 25 JUL 1914) 
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**546. TENTACULATA VAR. ALTIOR** BOOTT,F., ILL. GENUS CAREX 2:94, PL.278.1860.

USA: NEW YORK: YATES CO.: PENN YAN (SARTWELL,H.P., 138. --- )
| CAS | 553943 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|-----|--------|-----------------|

**547. TENUIFLORA VAR. SETACEA** KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A., PFLANZENR. 4, FAM.20:224. 1909.

USA: MICHIGAN: INGHAM CO.: LANSING (WHEELER,C.F., ---.28 JUN 1890)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**548. TERETIUSCULA VAR. ANPLA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:53.1889

USA: OREGON: BAKER CO.: HEAD OF BURNT RIVER (CUSICK,W.C., 1331. --- JUL 1886)
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**549. TERRAE-NOVAE** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 44:290, PL.711. 1942.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: SAINT JOHN BAY, SAINT JOHN ISLAND (FERNALD,M.L.; WIEGAND,K.M.; LONG,B.; GILBERT-JR.,F.A. AND HOTCHKISS,N., 27657. 31 JUL 1925) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**550. TETSUOI** OHWI,J., MISC. REP. NATL. SCI. MUS. 5:2, PL.2. 1952.

RYUKYU ISLANDS: OKINAWA (PREFECTURE): OKINAWA (ISLAND); (COUNTRY AS “JAPAN”) (AMANO,T., 6358. -- MAY 1951) 
| US | 2092356 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|---------|---------------|

**551. THURBERI** DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H., REP. U.S. MEX. BOUND. SURV., BOT. 2(1):232. 1859.

MEXICO: SONORA: MABIBI (THURBER,G., ---. --- JUN 1850)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**552. TOJQUIANENSIS** STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 4:64. 1953.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, BETWEEN TOJQUIA AND CAXIN (STEYERMARK,J.A., 50150. 06 AUG 1942) 
| F | 1129085 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|---|---------|---------------|
| F | 1129086 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**553. TOMPKINSI** HOWELL,J.T., LEAFL. W. BOT. 9:185. 1961.

USA: CALIFORNIA: FRESNO CO.: KINGS RIVER CANYON, COPPER CREEK TRAIL (HOWELL,J.T., 35333. 06 JUN 1960) 
| CAS | 428953  | HOLOTYPE |
|-----|---------|----------|
| CAS | 429306  | ISOTYPE  |
| NY  |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 2604281 | ISOTYPE  |

**554. TOREAOORA** STEYERMARK, J. A., PHYTOLOGIA 9:338. 1954.

ECUADOR: AZUAY: TOREADOR; ALT. 3810-3930 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 53095. 15 JUN 1943)
| F  | 1266183 | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|---------|---------------|
| NY |         | ISOTYPE       |

**555. TORTA VAR. STAMINATA** PECK,C.H., ANNUAL REP. NEW YORK STATE MUS.46:131. 1893.

USA: NEW YORK: ONEIDA CO.: TABERG (PECK,C.H., ---. -- JUN 1892)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**556. TOWNSENDII** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:111. 1931.

MEXICO: CHIHUAHUA: COLONIA GARCIA; ALT. 2250 M. (TOWNSEND,C.H.T. AND BARBER,CM., 157. 21 JUL 1899) 
| CAS | 351161 | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|--------|----------|
| NY  |        | ISOTYPE  |
| US  | 568126 | HOLOTYPE |

**557. TRACYI** MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:41. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: HUMBOLDT CO.: BALD MOUNTAIN (TRACY,J.P., 4547. 04 JUL 1914)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**558. TRIANGULARIS** BOECKELER,J.O., FLORA 39:226. 1856.

USA: TEXAS: --- (DRUMMOND,T., ---. ---)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**559. TRIBULOIDES VAR. SANGAMONENSIS** CLOKEY,I.W., RHODORA 21:84. 1919.

USA: ILLINOIS: MACON CO.: --(CLOKEY,I.W., 2364. 07 AUG 1915)
| UC | 903441 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--------|----------|

**560. X TRICHINA** FERNALD,m.L., RHODORA 35:219. 1933.

USA: MAINE: AROOSTOOK CO.: FORT FAIRFIELD (WILL IAMS,E.F.; COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L., 11C. 19 JUL 1902) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**561. TRICHOPHYLLA** NELMES,E., MEM. MUS. NATL. HIST. NAT., SER. B, BOT.4:106. 1955.

VIET-NAM, NORTH: TONKIN: CHAPU: (COUNTRY AS “TNDOCHINA”) (RETELOT,P.A., 5325. -- JUL 1930)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**562. TRISPERNA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 9:63. 1825.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: --(DEWEY,C.,---. ---)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**563. TRISPERHA VAR. BILLINGSII** KNIGHT,O.W., RHODORA 8:185. 1906.

USA: MAINE: SOMERSET CO.: PLEASANT RIDGE, JEWETT BROOK BOG (WARE,R.A.; ROLLINS,S. AND KNIGHT,O.W., 5066. 05 JUL 1906) 
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**564. TSOI** MERRILL,F.D. AND CHUN,N.K., SUNYATSENIA 2:207. 1935.

CHINA: KWANGTIJNG: HAINAN (ISLAND), DUNG KA TO WEN FA SHI (CHUN,N.K. AND TSO.C.L., 43680. -- --- 1932-1933)
| GH |         | ISPTYPE       |
|----|---------|---------------|
| NY |         | TYPF          |
| US | 1675120 | TYPE MATERIAL |

**565. TUMULICOLA** MACKENZIE,K.K., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 34:154. 1907.

USA: CALIFORNIA: ALAMEDA CO.: LAKE TEMESCAL (BIOLETTI,F.T., 1. 25 JUN 1893)
| NY |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**566. TUNIMANENSIS** STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 4:65. 1953.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, TUNIMA (STEYERMARK,J.A., 48334. 07 JUL 1942) 
| F | 1128966 | TYPE |
|---|---------|------|

**567. TURGESCENS** TORREY,J., ANN. LYCEUM NAT. HIST. NEW YORK 3:419. 1836.

USA: LOUISIANA: ORLEANS PARISH: NEW ORLEANS (INGALLS,T., ---, ---)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**568. TURUMIQUIRENSIS** STEYERMARK,J.A., FIELDIANA, BOT. 28:70, FIG.7.1951.

VENEZUELA: SUCRE: CERRO TURUMIQUIRE, RIDGE DIVIDING HEADWATERS OF RIO MANZANARES AND RIO DE AMANA; ALT. 1900-2000 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 62705. 10 MAY 1945) 
| F  | 1266150 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| GH |         | ISOTYPE  |
| NY |         | ISOTYPE  |
| US | 1933688 | ISOTYPE  |

-U-

**569. ULTRA** BAILEY,L.H., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 22:83. 1886 (“1887”).

USA: ARIZONA: COCHISE CO.: HUACHUCA (LEMMON,J.G., 2. 21 JUN 1882)
| DS | 63991 | ISOTYPE |
|----|-------|---------|
| DS | 64032 | ISOTYPE |

**570. UMBELLATA VAR. VICINA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.1, 11:317.1826.

USA: --: -- (DEWEY,C.,---. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**571. UNCOMPAHGRE** KELSO,L., BIOL. LEAFL. 38:1. 1947.

USA: COLORADO: LA PLATA CO.: LA PLATA MOUNTAINS, MOUNT HESPERUS, GOLD KING MINE (KELSO,L., 6058. 03 JUL 1947) 
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**572. UNDERWOODII** BRITTON,N.L., TORREYA 5:10. 1905.

JAMAICA: --: SALT HILL MARSH (UNDERWOOD,L.M., 158. 29 JAN 1903)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**573. UNILATERALIS** MACKENZIE,K.K., ERYTHEA 8:43. 1922.

USA: CALIFORNIA: HUMBOLDT CO.: ALTON (TRACY,J.P., 3783. 21 JUL 1912)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**-V-**

**574. VAGANS** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:301. 1904.

USA: OREGON: HARNEY CO.: STEEN MOUNTAIN, ANDREWS (LEIBERG,J.B., 2558. 10 JUL 1896)
| NY |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**575. VAGINATA VAR. ALTO-CAULIS** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 41:227. 1866.

USA: NEW YORK: GENESEE CO.: BERGEN (PAINE,J.A.,---. ---)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**576. VALLICOLA** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 32:40. 1861.

USA: WYOMING: TETON CO.: SNAKE RIVER, JACKSON HOLE VALLEY (DEWEY,C., 10. 18 JUN 1860) 
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**577. VENOSIVAGINATA** STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A., CEIBA 4:67.1953.

GUATEMALA: HUEHUETENANGO: SIERRA DE LOS CUCHUMATANES, CERRO HUTTZ, BETWEEN MIMANHUITZ AND YULHUITZ; ALT. 2600 M. (STEYERMARK,J.A., 48554. 14 JUL 1942) 
| F  | 1129094 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| GH |         | ISOTYPE  |

**578. VERNACULA VAR. HOBSONII** MAGUIRE,B., BRITTONIA 5:199. 1944.

USA: UTAH: BEAR RIVER RANGE, WHITE PINE LAKE (MAGUIRE,B.; HOBSON,D.A. AND MAGUIRE,R.R., 14013. 16 JUL 1936) 
| CAS | 348507  | ISOTYPE  |
|-----|---------|----------|
| GH  |         | ISOTYPE  |
| NY  |         | HOLOTYPE |
| US  | 1872573 | ISOTYPE  |

**579. VESICARIA VAR. JEJUNA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 3:53. 1901.

USA: MAINE: AROOSTOOK CO.: MADAWASKA LAKE (WILLIAMS,E.F., ---. -- AUG 1900)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**580. VESICARIA VAR. LAURENTIANA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 35:232. 1933.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: SAINT JOHN’S (FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND FOGG-JR.,J.M., 1474. 31 JUL 1929) 
| GH |         | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| US | 2050647 | ISOTYPE  |

**581. VESTITA VAR. KENNEDYI** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 2:170. 1900.

USA: MASSACHUSETTS: MIDDLESEX CO.: WILMINGTON, SILVER LAKE (KENNEDY,G.G., ---. 11 JUN 1899)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**582. VEXANS** HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 57:156. 1955.

USA: FLORIDA: HENDRY CO.: CLEWISTON (DEAM,C.C., 61177. 19 MAR 1941)
| US | 2231425 | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|

**583. VICARIA** BAILEY,L.H., MEM. TORREY BOT. CLUB 1:49. 1889.

USA: OREGON: -- (HALL,E.,---. -- --- 1871)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**584. VIOLACEA** CLARKE,C.B., BULL. MISC. INFORM. ADD.SER.8:87. 1908.

USA: COLORADO: ROCKY MOUNTAINS; LAT. 39-41 N. (HALL,E. AND HARBOUR,J.P., 587. -- --- 1862)
| MO |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**585. VIRIDIOR** MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L., ILL. FL. PACIFIC STATES 1:331. 1923.

USA: WASHINGTON: OKANOGAN CO.: SHEEP MOUNTAINS (EGGLESTON,W.W., 3329. 30 JUL-01 AUG 1916) 
| US | 886234 | TYPE |
|----|--------|------|

**586. VIRIDULA FOR. PYGNAEA** LEPAGE,E., NATURALISTE CANAD. 89:115. 1962.

CANADA: QUEBEC: UNGAVA BAY, SWAMPY BAY (DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E., 39274. 16 AUG 1961) 
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**587. VITIENSIS** ST.JOHN,H., PACIFIC SCI. 1:116, FIG.1. 1947.

FIJI: - -: VITI LEVU (ISLAND) (ST.JOHN,H., 18330. 18 AUG 1937) 
| US | 1967819 | ISOTYPE |
|----|---------|---------|

**588. VITREA** HOLM,H.T., AMER. J. SCI. SER.4, 17:302. 1904.

USA: CALIFORNIA: RIVERSIDE CO.: PALM SPRINGS (PARISH,S.B., 4144. 04-13 APR 1896)
| F  | 89120  | TYPE MATERIAL |
|----|--------|---------------|
| MO |        | ISOTYPE       |
| US | 279151 | ISOTYPE       |

**589. VULPINOIDEA VAR. PYCNOCEPHALA** HERMANN,F.J., RHODORA 38:363. 1936.

USA: MICHIGAN: EMMET CO.: BIG STONE BAY (HERMANN,F.J., 6408. 14 AUG 1934)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

-W-

**590. MAHUENSIS VAR. RUBIGINOSA** KRAUSS,R., PACIFIC SCI. 4:257, FIG.2,3A-D. 1950.

USA: HAWAII: KILAUEA IKI (BEAN,R.S.: HOSAKA,E.Y. AND ST.JOHN,H., 11228. 21 DEC 1931)
| US | 2074653 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|---------|-----------------|

**591. WATSONI** OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S., BOT. U.S. GEOL. EXPLOR. 40TH PAR.370. 1871.

USA: NEVADA: ORMSBY CO.: CARSON CITY (WATSON,S., 1246. - - MAY 1868)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**592. WERDERNANNII** GROSS,R. IN WERDERMANN,E., NOTIZBL. BOT. GART. BERLIN-DAHLEM 10:763. 1929.

CHILE: LLANQUIHUE: ALT. 700 M. (WERDERMANN,E., 1687.-- MAR 1925)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**593. WHITNEYI** OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A., PROC. AMER. ACAD. ARTS 7:394.1868.

USA: CALIFORNIA: TUOLUMNE CO.: MOUNT DANA; ALT. 12000 FT. (BOLANOER,H.N., 5086. - - --- 1866)
| MO |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |

USA: CALIFORNIA: MARIPOSA CO.: YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK, YOSEMITE VALLEY (BOLANDER,H.N., 6198. -- --- 1866)
| F  | 309085 | SYNTYPE |
|----|--------|---------|
| F  | 309086 | SYNTYPE |
| MO |        | SYNTYPE |
| NY |        | SYNTYPE |

USA: CALIFORNIA: NEVADA CO.: SODA SPRINGS; ALT. 9000 FT. (BREWER,W.H., 1778. 04 JUL 1863)
| MO |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |

**594. WIEGANDII** MACKENZIE,K.K., N. AMER. FL. 18:108. 1931.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: BAY OF ISLANDS, HUMBER ARM, CURLING (FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M., 2776. 21 JUL 1910)
| GH |  | ISOTYPE |
|----|--|---------|

**595. WILKESII** TORREY,J. IN WILKES,C., U.S. EXPLOR. EXPED. 17:477, PL.17.1854.

USA: CALIFORNIA: SACRAMENTO RIVER (WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED., ---. -- --- 1838-1842)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**596. WILLDENOVII VAR. PAUCIFLORA** OLNEY.S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H. IN COULTER,J.M., CONTR. U.S. NATL. HERB. 2:482. 1894.

USA: TEXAS: HARRIS CO.: HOUSTON (HALL,E., ---. -- --- 1872)
| GH |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

**597. WILLDENOWII VAR. MEGARRHYNCHA** HERMANN,F.J., AMER. MIDL. NATURALIST 51:277. 1954.

USA: GEORGIA: JASPER CO.: OCMULGEE (SMITH,S.J. AND DUNCAN,W.H., 4872. 06 APR 1949)
| US | 2133191 | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|---------|-----------------|

**598. WILLIAMSII** BRITTON,N.L., BULL. NEW YORK BOT. GARD. 2:159. 1901.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: DAWSON (WILLIAMS,R.S., ---.12 JUN 1899)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**599. HOODII** DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 2:249. 1846.

USA: NEW YORK: JEFFERSON CO.: PERCH LAKE, PERCH RIVER (CRAWE,I.B. AND WOOD,W.A.,---: - --)
| GH |  | HOLOTYPE |
|----|--|----------|

**600. WRIGHT11** DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H., REP. U.S. MEX. BOUND. SURV., BOT. 2(1):232. 1859.

USA: TEXAS: -- (WRIGHT,C., 1561. -- --- 1850)
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

-X-

**601. X XANTHINA** FERNALD,M.L., RHODORA 35:230. 1933.

CANADA: NEWFOUNDLAND: MAIN RIVER (FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B., 1455. 27 AUG 1929)
| GH |         | HOLOTYPE |
|----|---------|----------|
| US | 2050636 | ISOTYPE  |

**602. XANTHOCARPA VAR. ANNECTANS** BICKNELL,E.P., BULL. TORREY BOT. CLUB 23:23. 1896.

USA: NEW YORK: LONG ISLAND, RICHMOND VALLEY (BRITTON,N.L., ---. 06 JUL 1895)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

**603. XERANTICA** BAILEY,L.H., BOT. GAZ. 17:151. 1892.

CANADA: SASKATCHEWAN: FILE HILLS; 50.5N., 104W. (MACOUN,JOHN, ---. 04 JUL 1879)
| GH |  | SYNTYPE |
|----|--|---------|
| NY |  | SYNTYPE |

**604. XEROCARPA** WRIGHT,S.H. IN DEWEY,C., AMER. J. SCI. ARTS SER.2, 42:334. 1866.

USA: NEW YORK: STEUBEN CO.: PRATTSBURGH (WRIGHT,S.H., ---.-- )
| NY |  | TYPE COLLECTION |
|----|--|-----------------|

-Y-

**605. YUKONENSIS** BRITTON,N.L., BULL. NEW YORK BOT. GARD. 2:159. 1901.

CANADA: YUKON TERRITORY: BONANZA RIVER (WILLIAMS,R.S., ---. 18 JUN 1899)
| NY |  | TYPE |
|----|--|------|

-Z-

**606. ZIZANIAEFOLIA** RAYMOND,M., MEM. JARD. BOT. MONTREAL 53:36. 1959.

CHINA: YUNNAN: -- (TSAI,H.T., 62809. -- --- 1934)
| A |  | HOLOTYPE |
|---|--|----------|

**AUTHOR INDEX**
| AUTHOR                                     | DATE | SPECIES            |
|--------------------------------------------|------|--------------------|
| BAILEY,L.H.                                | 1935 | ABLATA             |
|                                            | 1889 | ACUTINA            |
|                                            | 1889 | ALBIDA             |
|                                            | 1889 | ALMA               |
|                                            | 1893 | AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA |
|                                            | 1886 | *BRONGNIARTII      |
|                                            | 1889 | CALIFORNICA        |
|                                            | 1884 | *CANESCENS         |
|                                            | 1920 | CHIKUNGANA         |
|                                            | 1889 | COMMUNIS           |
|                                            | 1889 | DONNELL-SMITHII    |
|                                            | 1893 | DURIFOLIA          |
|                                            | 1896 | EGGERTII           |
|                                            | 1889 | ELEOCHARIS         |
|                                            | 1886 | ENGELMANNI         |
|                                            | 1889 | *FESTIVA           |
|                                            | 1893 | FETA               |
|                                            | 1889 | *FOENEA            |
|                                            | 1886 | *GAYANA            |
|                                            | 1889 | *GRISEA            |
|                                            | 1884 | HALLIANA           |
|                                            | 1896 | HASSEI             |
|                                            | 1889 | *HOODII            |
|                                            | 1896 | IDAHOA             |
|                                            | 1889 | ILLOTA             |
|                                            | 1886 | INOPS              |
|                                            | 1893 | INTERIOR           |
|                                            | 1889 | JONESII            |
|                                            | 1920 | KULINGANA          |
|                                            | 1898 | MADRENSIS          |
|                                            | 1886 | *MARCIDA           |
|                                            | 1916 | MARIPOSANA         |
|                                            | 1889 | *MILIARIS          |
|                                            | 1892 | MONTANENSIS        |
|                                            | 1896 | *NEBRASKENSIS      |
|                                            | 1885 | NERVINA            |
|                                            | 1898 | OAXACANA           |
|                                            | 1888 | PANSA              |
|                                            | 1892 | PRINGLEI           |
|                                            | 1891 | QUADRIFIDA         |
|                                            | 1891 | *QUADRIFIDA        |
|                                            | 1886 | *RETROCURVA        |
|                                            | 1888 | *ROSEA             |
|                                            | 1898 | SEATONIANA         |
|                                            | 1889 | SPECIFICA          |
|                                            | 1889 | SPRETA             |
|                                            | 1893 | *STERILIS          |
|                                            | 1889 | *STRAMINEA         |
|                                            | 1889 | *STRAMINEA         |
| BAILEY,L.H.                                | 1886 | *STYLOSA           |
|                                            | 1889 | *TERETIUSCULA      |
|                                            | 1886 | ULTRA              |
|                                            | 1889 | VICARIA            |
|                                            | 1892 | XERANTICA          |
| BAILEY,L.H. IN MACOUN,JOHN                 | 1890 | *PRATENSIS         |
| BICKNELL,E.P.                              | 1908 | ABDITA             |
|                                            | 1908 | INCOMPERTA         |
|                                            | 1896 | *XANTHOCARPA       |
| BLAKE,S.T.                                 | 1947 | ACROPHILA          |
|                                            | 1947 | BREVIS             |
|                                            | 1947 | EREMOSTACHYA       |
|                                            | 1947 | LAMPROCHLAMYS      |
|                                            | 1947 | MELANOPHORA        |
|                                            | 1947 | PERILEIA           |
| BOECKELER,J.O.                             | 1877 | BURCHELLIANA       |
|                                            | 1896 | DURANDII           |
|                                            | 1875 | FENOLERIANA        |
|                                            | 1886 | FUSCOLUTEA         |
|                                            | 1877 | *LONGIROSTRIS      |
|                                            | 1896 | MANDONIANA         |
|                                            | 1856 | TRIANGULARIS       |
| BOOTT,F.                                   | 1867 | *ACUTA             |
|                                            | 1846 | BANKSII            |
|                                            | 1867 | BREWERI            |
|                                            | 1862 | CONJUNCTA          |
|                                            | 1858 | *CRINITA           |
|                                            | 1846 | GEYERI             |
|                                            | 1846 | GRIFFITHII         |
|                                            | 1867 | HEBETATA           |
|                                            | 1867 | LACINIATA          |
|                                            | 1867 | OLIGANTHA          |
|                                            | 1859 | PARCIFLORA         |
|                                            | 1846 | SANGUINEA          |
|                                            | 1862 | *SCOPARIA          |
|                                            | 1860 | *TENTACULATA       |
| BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.                        | 1863 | *BONPLANDII        |
|                                            | 1859 | CONFERTIFLORA      |
|                                            | 1859 | MICANS             |
|                                            | 1859 | NANA               |
|                                            | 1859 | PAPULOSA           |
|                                            | 1859 | PICTA              |
| BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.                    | 1839 | APERTA             |
|                                            | 1839 | BACKII             |
|                                            | 1839 | FRANKLINII         |
|                                            | 1839 | HEPBURNII          |
| BOOTT,W.                                   | 1884 | ASSINIBOINENSIS    |
|                                            | 1884 | LEMMONI            |
|                                            | 1884 | PRAEGRACILIS       |
| BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.                      | 1880 | HETERONEURA        |
|                                            | 1880 | KELLOGGII          |
|                                            | 1880 | NUDATA             |
|                                            | 1880 | PHYLLOMANICA       |
|                                            | 1883 | SCHAFFNERI         |
|                                            | 1880 | *SCOPARIA          |
|                                            | 1880 | SUBFUSCA           |
| BRITTON,N.L.                               | 1901 | BONANZENSIS        |
|                                            | 1895 | *STRICTA           |
|                                            | 1905 | UNDERWOODII        |
|                                            | 1901 | WILLIAMSII         |
|                                            | 1901 | YUKONENSIS         |
| BROWN,F.B.H.                               | 1930 | TAHITENSIS         |
| BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,J.   | 1819 | PODOCARPA          |
|                                            | 1819 | RICHARDSONII       |
| BUCKLEY,S.B.                               | 1843 | CAROLINIANA        |
|                                            | 1843 | MISERA             |
|                                            | 1843 | STYLOFLEXA         |
| CAREY,J.                                   | 1847 | PLATYPHYLLA        |
|                                            | 1847 | SYCHNOCEPHALA      |
| CHAMISSO,L.A. EX STEUOEL,E.G.              | 1855 | PACHYSTACHYA       |
| CHAPMAN,A.W.                               | 1860 | *DIGITALIS         |
|                                            | 1860 | *STELLULATA        |
| CHAPMAN,A.W. EX BOOTT,F.                   | 1862 | *STIPATA           |
| CHAPMAN,A.W. EX DEWEY,C.                   | 1847 | BALTZELLII         |
| CHEESEMAN,T.F.                             | 1892 | *COMANS            |
|                                            | 1883 | DEVIA              |
|                                            | 1884 | PETRIEI            |
| CLARKE,C.B.                                | 1908 | AEQUA              |
|                                            | 1908 | FELIPENSIS         |
|                                            | 1903 | ICHANGENSIS        |
|                                            | 1903 | LANCIFOLIA         |
|                                            | 1903 | *LONGICRURIS       |
|                                            | 1904 | PRAINII            |
|                                            | 1908 | PSEUDOJAPONICA     |
|                                            | 1907 | SUBTRANSVERSA      |
|                                            | 1908 | VIOLACEA           |
| CLARKE,C.B. IN MERRILL,E.D.                | 1906 | RHYNCHACHAENIUM    |
| CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A.                 | 1939 | *ANGUSTIOR         |
| CLOKEY,I.W.                                | 1922 | APODA              |
|                                            | 1919 | ARAPAHOENSIS       |
|                                            | 1939 | *INTERIOR          |
|                                            | 1922 | PAYSONIS           |
|                                            | 1919 | SUBIMPRESSA        |
|                                            | 1919 | *TRIBULOIDES       |
| CRONQUIST,A.                               | 1943 | OBOVOIDEA          |
| CURTIS,M.A. EX GRAY,A.                     | 1841 | AESTIVALIS         |
| DEWEY,C.                                   | 1849 | *ALOPECOIDEA       |
|                                            | 1835 | ARCTICA            |
| DEWEY,C.                                   | 1854 | *ARISTATA          |
|                                            | 1836 | BACKANA            |
|                                            | 1845 | BUCKLEYI           |
|                                            | 1842 | *CEPHALOPHORA      |
|                                            | 1826 | COLLECTA           |
|                                            | 1836 | COLUMBIANA         |
|                                            | 1861 | *DOUGLASII         |
|                                            | 1836 | FESTIVA            |
|                                            | 1846 | FLACCOSPERMA       |
|                                            | 1824 | FORMOSA            |
|                                            | 1846 | HALEI              |
|                                            | 1826 | HALSEYANA          |
|                                            | 1854 | HAYDENII           |
|                                            | 1826 | HITCHCOCKIANA      |
|                                            | 1836 | HOOKERANA          |
|                                            | 1849 | IGNOTA             |
|                                            | 1847 | ILLINOENSIS        |
|                                            | 1857 | LAEVI-CONICA       |
|                                            | 1846 | LEAVENWORTHII      |
|                                            | 1842 | MEADII             |
|                                            | 1857 | MEEKII             |
|                                            | 1836 | MIRABILIS          |
|                                            | 1854 | NEBRASKENSIS       |
|                                            | 1842 | NUTTALLII          |
|                                            | 1835 | PARRYANA           |
|                                            | 1836 | PETASATA           |
|                                            | 1836 | PETRICOSA          |
|                                            | 1861 | RAYNOLDSII         |
|                                            | 1842 | SARTWELLII         |
|                                            | 1825 | SCHWEINITZII       |
|                                            | 1826 | SICCATA            |
|                                            | 1824 | TENERA             |
|                                            | 1825 | TRISPERMA          |
|                                            | 1826 | *UMBELLATA         |
|                                            | 1866 | *VAGINATA          |
|                                            | 1861 | VALLICOLA          |
|                                            | 1846 | WOODII             |
| DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H.        | 1859 | BARBARAE           |
|                                            | 1859 | THURBERI           |
|                                            | 1859 | WRIGHTII           |
| DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.                        | 1845 | COOLEYI            |
|                                            | 1861 | *HIRSUTA           |
|                                            | 1845 | PRAIREA            |
|                                            | 1845 | RETROCURVA         |
| DREJER,S.T.N.                              | 1841 | PRATENSIS          |
| ESSENBACH,N.VON IN LEHMANN,J.              | 1846 | PREISSII           |
| FERNALD,M.L.                               | 1942 | *ABSCONDITA        |
|                                            | 1942 | X ABSCONDITIFORMIS |
|                                            | 1902 | AENEA              |
| FERNALD,M.L.                               | 1902 | *ALATA             |
|                                            | 1942 | *AMPHIBOLA         |
|                                            | 1942 | BAYAROI            |
|                                            | 1902 | *CANESCENS         |
|                                            | 1907 | CILIARIS           |
|                                            | 1902 | CRAWFORDII         |
|                                            | 1902 | *CRAWFORDII        |
|                                            | 1946 | *CRINITA           |
|                                            | 1897 | *CRINITA           |
|                                            | 1937 | *CRUS-CORVI        |
|                                            | 1942 | *CUMULATA          |
|                                            | 1942 | *DEBILIS           |
|                                            | 1913 | *DEWEYANA          |
|                                            | 1941 | *DIGITALIS         |
|                                            | 1938 | *DIGITALIS         |
|                                            | 1902 | *ECHINATA          |
|                                            | 1906 | *FLAVA             |
|                                            | 1935 | GARBERI            |
|                                            | 1935 | *GARBERI           |
|                                            | 1906 | *GLAREOSA          |
|                                            | 1906 | HARPERI            |
|                                            | 1906 | HORMATHODES        |
|                                            | 1942 | *INFLATA           |
|                                            | 1906 | *INTERIOR          |
|                                            | 1942 | *INTUMESCENS       |
|                                            | 1901 | KATAHDINENSIS      |
|                                            | 1933 | LANGEANA           |
|                                            | 1942 | *LASIOCARPA        |
|                                            | 1906 | *LAXIFLORA         |
|                                            | 1926 | *LIVIDA            |
|                                            | 1902 | *MIRABILIS         |
|                                            | 1902 | *MIRABILIS         |
|                                            | 1915 | MISANDROIDES       |
|                                            | 1902 | ORONENSIS          |
|                                            | 1942 | *PALLESCENS        |
|                                            | 1918 | *PAUPERCULA        |
|                                            | 1906 | *PAUPERCULA        |
|                                            | 1907 | PERLONGA           |
|                                            | 1933 | X PSEUDO-FULVA     |
|                                            | 1942 | *RICHARDSONII      |
|                                            | 1941 | RUGATA             |
|                                            | 1902 | *SCOPARIA          |
|                                            | 1921 | *SCOPARIA          |
|                                            | 1902 | *STRAMINEA         |
|                                            | 1902 | *TENERA            |
|                                            | 1942 | TERRAE-NOVAE       |
|                                            | 1933 | X TRICHINA         |
|                                            | 1901 | *VESICARIA         |
|                                            | 1933 | *VESICARIA         |
| FERNALD,M.L.                               | 1900 | *VESTITA           |
|                                            | 1933 | X XANTHINA         |
| FERNALD,M.L. AND WEATHERBY,C.A.            | 1931 | CLIVICOLA          |
| FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.              | 1911 | *HORNSCHUCHIANA    |
|                                            | 1924 | *HOSTIANA          |
|                                            | 1912 | *SCOPARIA          |
|                                            | 1910 | *SCOPARIA          |
| FRANCHET,A.                                | 1895 | FARGESII           |
|                                            | 1896 | PTEROLEPTA         |
| FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER,L.                | 1879 | MACROGLOSSA        |
|                                            | 1879 | *NUTANS            |
|                                            | 1879 | PLANATA            |
|                                            | 1879 | PODOGYNA           |
| GANDOGER,M.                                | 1920 | CRANDALLII         |
| GAUDIN,J.F.G.P.                            | 1830 | *FLAVA             |
| GRAY,A.                                    | 1867 | *DEBILIS           |
| GRAY,A. EX TORREY,J.                       | 1836 | *OLIGOCARPA        |
| GROSS,R.                                   | 1941 | *PHALAROIDES       |
|                                            | 1941 | *PIRCHINCHENSIS    |
|                                            | 1941 | *PURPUREOVAGINATA  |
|                                            | 1941 | SALTAENSIS         |
| GROSS,R. IN WERDERMANN,E.                  | 1929 | WERDERMANNII       |
| HEMSLEY,W.B.                               | 1885 | POTOSINA           |
| HERMANN,F.J.                               | 1955 | AMPLISQUAMA        |
|                                            | 1938 | *ARTITECTA         |
|                                            | 1957 | ATHABASCENSIS      |
|                                            | 1950 | ATRACTODES         |
|                                            | 1963 | *BIPARTITA         |
|                                            | 1967 | CHIAPENSIS         |
|                                            | 1938 | X DEAMII           |
|                                            | 1960 | *EGGLESTONII       |
|                                            | 1957 | EURYSTACHYA        |
|                                            | 1965 | *FISSA             |
|                                            | 1971 | GUATEMALENSIS      |
|                                            | 1957 | INCONDITA          |
|                                            | 1941 | *INTERIOR          |
|                                            | 1938 | *LAXIFLORA         |
|                                            | 1956 | LIMNOPHILA         |
|                                            | 1968 | *MICROPTERA        |
|                                            | 1937 | PELOCARPA          |
|                                            | 1950 | PERCOSTATA         |
|                                            | 1964 | PLECTOCARPA        |
|                                            | 1957 | *PRATICOLA         |
|                                            | 1950 | QUICHENSIS         |
|                                            | 1948 | ROANENSIS          |
|                                            | 1955 | VEXANS             |
|                                            | 1936 | *VULPINOIDEA       |
|                                            | 1954 | *WILLDENOWII       |
| HERMANN,F.J. IN MCVAUGH,R.                 | 1949 | MURICULATA         |
| HOCHSTETTER,C.F. EX STEUDEL,E.G. HOLM,H.T. | 1855 | MERCARENSIS        |
|                                            | 1903 | ACCEDENS           |
|                                            | 1905 | BRACHYPODA         |
|                                            | 1905 | CAMPLYOCARPA       |
|                                            | 1903 | CHALCIOLEPIS       |
|                                            | 1900 | ELYNOIDES          |
|                                            | 1905 | EURYCARPA          |
|                                            | 1903 | *FESTIVA           |
|                                            | 1902 | GYMNOCLADA         |
|                                            | 1904 | LACUNARUM          |
|                                            | 1905 | *LUZULAEFOLIA      |
|                                            | 1904 | MICROCHAETA        |
|                                            | 1905 | OXYCARPA           |
|                                            | 1905 | PACHYSTOMA         |
|                                            | 1904 | PHAEOLEPIS         |
|                                            | 1904 | PHYSOCHLAENA       |
|                                            | 1902 | PRIONPHYLLA        |
|                                            | 1904 | *SCIRPOIDEA        |
|                                            | 1904 | *SCIRPOIDEA        |
|                                            | 1904 | VAGANS             |
|                                            | 1904 | VITREA             |
| HOOKER,J.D.                                | 1887 | SCAPOSA            |
| HOWE,E.C. IN GORDINIER,H.C. AND HOWE,E.C.  | 1894 | ROSAEOIDES         |
| HOWELL,J.T.                                | 1958 | JEPSONII           |
|                                            | 1949 | SPECUICOLA         |
|                                            | 1961 | TOMPKINSI          |
| HULTEN,O.E.G.                              | 1942 | JACOBI-PETERI      |
| JONES,M.E.                                 | 1910 | ABORIGINUM         |
|                                            | 1910 | ELRODI             |
|                                            | 1910 | STANTONENSIS       |
| KELSO,L.                                   | 1945 | ELBERTANA          |
|                                            | 1950 | ERXLEBENIANA       |
|                                            | 1945 | HAGIANA            |
|                                            | 1947 | UNCOMPAHGRE        |
| KNIGHT,O.W.                                | 1906 | *TRISPERMA         |
| KOYAMA,T.                                  | 1969 | OBLANCEOLATA       |
|                                            | 1959 | TAMAKII            |
| KRAUSS,R.                                  | 1950 | KAUAIENSIS         |
|                                            | 1950 | *PLUVICA           |
|                                            | 1950 | *WAHUENSIS         |
| KRECZETOWICZ,V.I.                          | 1934 | PHILOCRENA         |
| KUKENTHAL,G.                               | 1929 | *APERTA            |
|                                            | 1929 | *APERTA            |
|                                            | 1910 | ARSENII            |
|                                            | 1910 | *BRUNNEA           |
|                                            | 1926 | CUBENSIS           |
|                                            | 1926 | *CUBENSIS          |
|                                            | 1926 | EKMANII            |
|                                            | 1910 | ELMERI             |
| KUKENTHAL,G.                               | 1929 | *EURYCARPA         |
|                                            | 1929 | *INTERRUPTA        |
|                                            | 1910 | *JAMESONI          |
|                                            | 1910 | MERRILLII          |
|                                            | 1902 | MICRANTHA          |
|                                            | 1899 | *MICROGLOCHIN      |
|                                            | 1911 | PYCNOTHYSOS        |
|                                            | 1910 | RAMOSII            |
|                                            | 1938 | SARAWAKETENSIS     |
|                                            | 1935 | SAVAIIENSIS        |
|                                            | 1920 | SUKSDORFII         |
|                                            | 1920 | *SUKSDORFII        |
| KUKENTHAL,G. AND EKMAN,E.L.                | 1929 | *EKMANII           |
| KUKENTHAL,G. IN ELMER,A.D.E.               | 1911 | PALAWANENSIS       |
| KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.              | 1909 | *AQUATILIS         |
|                                            | 1909 | *CLADOSTACHYA      |
|                                            | 1909 | *FILIFOLIA         |
|                                            | 1909 | *HINDSII           |
|                                            | 1909 | *LEMANNIANA        |
|                                            | 1909 | *LENTICULARIS      |
|                                            | 1909 | *NUDATA            |
|                                            | 1909 | *PINETORUM         |
|                                            | 1909 | *STIPATA           |
|                                            | 1909 | *TENUIFLORA        |
| KUNTH,C.S.                                 | 1837 | STEUDELII          |
| LEPAGE,E.                                  | 1956 | X DUMANII          |
|                                            | 1956 | X EXSALINA         |
|                                            | 1964 | X NEOBIGELOWII     |
|                                            | 1956 | X NEOFILIPENDULA   |
|                                            | 1956 | X NEOPALEACEA      |
|                                            | 1957 | X NUBENS           |
|                                            | 1962 | X PATUENSIS        |
|                                            | 1964 | X QUEBECENSIS      |
|                                            | 1956 | *X SAXENII         |
|                                            | 1962 | *VIRIDULA          |
| LITVINOV,D.I,                              | 1899 | *STENOPHYLLA       |
| MACHENZIE                                  | 1909 | ABRAMSII           |
|                                            | 1916 | ABRUPTA            |
|                                            | 1935 | ACUTINELLA         |
|                                            | 1910 | AESTIVALIFORMIS    |
|                                            | 1906 | AGGLOMERATA        |
|                                            | 1910 | AGGREGATA          |
|                                            | 1907 | AGROSTOIDES        |
|                                            | 1931 | ARCTAEFORMIS       |
|                                            | 1912 | ATROSOUAMA         |
|                                            | 1931 | AUTUMNALIS         |
|                                            | 1935 | AZTECICA           |
|                                            | 1910 | BILTMOREANA        |
|                                            | 1913 | BRAINERDII         |
| MACKENZIE,K.K.                             | 1913 | BREVICAULIS        |
|                                            | 1907 | BREVISQUAMA        |
|                                            | 1915 | BULBOSTYLIS        |
|                                            | 1910 | BUSHII             |
|                                            | 1935 | CAESARIENSIS       |
|                                            | 1908 | CHIHUAHUAENSIS     |
|                                            | 1906 | CONCINNOIDES       |
|                                            | 1935 | CONSPECTA          |
|                                            | 1916 | CONVOLUTA          |
|                                            | 1914 | CRYPTOLEPIS        |
|                                            | 1916 | DAVYI              |
|                                            | 1910 | DEBILIFORMIS       |
|                                            | 1922 | DUDLEYI            |
|                                            | 1915 | EGGLESTONII        |
|                                            | 1915 | EGREGIA            |
|                                            | 1915 | FESTIVELLA         |
|                                            | 1931 | FISSA              |
|                                            | 1909 | FISSURICOLA        |
|                                            | 1922 | FLACCIFOLIA        |
|                                            | 1922 | FRACTA             |
|                                            | 1910 | FULVESCENS         |
|                                            | 1909 | FUSCOTINCTA        |
|                                            | 1913 | GEOPHILA           |
|                                            | 1916 | GRACILIOR          |
|                                            | 1916 | HARFORDII          |
|                                            | 1922 | HELLERI            |
|                                            | 1909 | HOLMIANA           |
|                                            | 1916 | INTEGRA            |
|                                            | 1931 | INVOLUCRATELLA     |
|                                            | 1916 | LANCIFRUCTUS       |
|                                            | 1935 | LEIOPHYLLA         |
|                                            | 1916 | LEPORINELLA        |
|                                            | 1915 | LUNELLIANA         |
|                                            | 1909 | MACROSPERMA        |
|                                            | 1906 | MEDITERRANIA       |
|                                            | 1923 | MERRITT-FERNALDII  |
|                                            | 1910 | MESOCHOREA         |
|                                            | 1909 | MICROPTERA         |
|                                            | 1935 | MISERABILIS        |
|                                            | 1931 | MOHRIANA           |
|                                            | 1931 | MOLESTA            |
|                                            | 1922 | MONTEREYENSIS      |
|                                            | 1916 | MULTICOSTATA       |
|                                            | 1907 | NEOMEXICANA        |
|                                            | 1909 | NUBICOLA           |
|                                            | 1914 | OKLAHOMENSIS       |
|                                            | 1916 | OLYMPICA           |
|                                            | 1915 | ONUSTA             |
|                                            | 1916 | PACHYCARPA         |
| MACKENZIE,K.K.                             | 1922 | PAUCICOSTATA       |
|                                            | 1907 | PERGLOBOSA         |
|                                            | 1909 | PERSTRICTA         |
|                                            | 1913 | PITYOPHILA         |
|                                            | 1931 | PLATYLEPIS         |
|                                            | 1931 | PRAECEPTORIUM      |
|                                            | 1908 | PROJECTA           |
|                                            | 1931 | PROPOSITA          |
|                                            | 1935 | PURPURIFERA        |
|                                            | 1915 | RUGOSPERMA         |
|                                            | 1915 | RUSBYI             |
|                                            | 1931 | RUTHII             |
|                                            | 1909 | SALINAEFORMIS      |
|                                            | 1906 | SAXIMONTANA        |
|                                            | 1908 | SCABRIUSCULA       |
|                                            | 1908 | SCIRPIFORMIS       |
|                                            | 1915 | SHELDONII          |
|                                            | 1907 | SIMULATA           |
|                                            | 1909 | SMALLIANA          |
|                                            | 1935 | STELLATA           |
|                                            | 1922 | STENOPTERA         |
|                                            | 1916 | SUB-BRACTEATA      |
|                                            | 1916 | TENERAEFORMIS      |
|                                            | 1931 | TOWNSENDII         |
|                                            | 1922 | TRACYI             |
|                                            | 1907 | TUMULICOLA         |
|                                            | 1922 | UNILATERALIS       |
|                                            | 1931 | WIEGANDII          |
| MACKENZIE,K.K. EX BRIGHT,J.                | 1930 | LARICINA           |
| MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L.                | 1923 | NEUROPHORA         |
|                                            | 1923 | SUBORBICULATA      |
|                                            | 1923 | VIRIDIOR           |
| MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,  | 1915 | CUSICKII           |
|                                            | 1915 | PIPERI             |
| IN RYDBERG,P.A.                            | 1917 | ALBO-NIGRA         |
|                                            | 1917 | ANGUSTIOR          |
|                                            | 1917 | EPAPILLOSA         |
|                                            | 1917 | INCURVIFORMIS      |
|                                            | 1917 | LEPTOPODA          |
|                                            | 1917 | NELSONII           |
| MACKENZIE,K.K. IN SMALL,J.K.               | 1913 | MAGNIFOLIA         |
| MAGUIRE,B.                                 | 1944 | INTERIMUS          |
|                                            | 1944 | RACHILLIS          |
|                                            | 1944 | *VERNACULA         |
| HOLMGREN,A.H.                              | 1946 | *CAMPYLOCARPA      |
| MARIE-VICTORIN, (FRERE)                    | 1929 | *OEDERI            |
| MERRILL,E.D.                               | 1918 | BAMBUSETORUM       |
|                                            | 1934 | *RUBRO-BRUNNEA     |
| MERRILL,E.O. AND CHUN,N.K.                 | 1935 | TSOI               |
| MEYER,C.A.                                 | 1831 | CIRCINNATA         |
|                                            | 1831 | LEIOCARPA          |
|                                            | 1831 | NIGRICANS          |
| MOHR,C.                                    | 1910 | *STIPATA           |
| MUHLENBERG,H. EX WILLDENOW I,C.,L.         | 1805 | RETROFLEXA         |
| NELMES,E.                                  | 1938 | EXPLORATORUM       |
|                                            | 1939 | SCHNEIDERI         |
|                                            | 1955 | TRICHOPHYLLA       |
| O’NEILL,H.T.                               | 1940 | BARTLETTII         |
| O’NEILL,H.T. AND DUMAN,M.                  | 1941 | DUTILLYI           |
| OHWI,J.                                    | 1934 | APODOSTACHYA       |
|                                            | 1931 | CUNEATA            |
|                                            | 1934 | HATUSIMANA         |
|                                            | 1932 | HYMENODON          |
|                                            | 1933 | KURILENSIS         |
|                                            | 1932 | RUGATA             |
|                                            | 1952 | TETSUOI            |
| OLNEY,S.T.                                 | 1871 | PORTERI            |
| OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H.                  | 1884 | *ADUSTA            |
|                                            | 1888 | *DEWEYANA          |
|                                            | 1886 | *LEPORINA          |
|                                            | 1886 | DREGONENSIS        |
| OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H. IN COULTER,J.M.  | 1894 | *WILLDENOVII       |
| OLNEY.S.T. EX BOOTT.W. IN WATSON,S.        | 1880 | MENDOCINENSIS      |
| OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.                      | 1868 | ATHROSTACHYA       |
|                                            | 1868 | CINNAMOMEA         |
|                                            | 1868 | GYNODYNAMA         |
|                                            | 1868 | LUZULINA           |
|                                            | 1868 | SARTWELLIANA       |
|                                            | 1868 | WHITNEYI           |
| OLNEY,S.T. IN PORTER,T.C. IN HAYDEN,F.V.   | 1872 | HALLII             |
| OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S.                    | 1871 | *AUREA             |
|                                            | 1871 | HAYDENIANA         |
|                                            | 1871 | WATSONI            |
| PARISH,S.B.                                | 1905 | AUSTROMONTANA      |
|                                            | 1905 | JACINTOENSIS       |
| PECK,C.H.                                  | 1895 | *ROSEA             |
|                                            | 1894 | *ROSEA             |
|                                            | 1895 | *STIPATA           |
|                                            | 1893 | *TORTA             |
| PETRIE,D.                                  | 1881 | KALOIDES S         |
|                                            | 1882 | LONGICULMI         |
| PIPER,C.V.                                 | 1906 | *HOODII            |
|                                            | 1906 | PHAEOCEPHALA       |
| PORSILD,A.E.                               | 1943 | *ATROFUSCA         |
|                                            | 1939 | KOKRINENSIS        |
|                                            | 1939 | MELOZITNENSIS      |
|                                            | 1943 | MORRISSEYI         |
| PRESL,K.B.                                 | 1828 | ANTHOXANTHERA      |
| RAUP,H.M.                                  | 1947 | SOPERI             |
| RAYMOND,M.                                 | 1959 | SURCULOSA          |
|                                            | 1959 | ZIZANIAEFOLIA      |
| ROACH,A.W.                                 | 1952 | DIVERSISTYLIS      |
| RYDBERG,P.A.                               | 1901 | EBENEA             |
| SARTWELL,H.P. EX DEWEY,C.                  | 1855 | CHAPMANI           |
|                                            | 1849 | SCABRIOR           |
| SCHWEINITZ,L.D.                            | 1824 | COSTATA            |
|                                            | 1824 | CRISTATA           |
|                                            | 1824 | GRACILLIMA         |
|                                            | 1824 | NIGRO-MARGINATA    |
|                                            | 1824 | NOVAE-ANGLIAE      |
| SCHWEINITZ,L.D. AND TORREY,J.              | 1824 | BARRATTII          |
| SHUTTLEWORTH,R.J. EX KUNZE,G.              | 1844 | CRUS-CORVI         |
| ST.JOHN,H.                                 | 1947 | VITIENSIS          |
| STACEY,J.W.                                | 1938 | CONSTANCEANA       |
|                                            | 1937 | CURATORIUM         |
|                                            | 1939 | DANAENSIS          |
|                                            | 1938 | EASTWOODIANA       |
|                                            | 1936 | OBISPOENSIS        |
|                                            | 1937 | SONOMENSIS         |
|                                            | 1939 | SUBNIGRICANS       |
| STANDLEY,P.C.                              | 1947 | STEYERMARKII       |
| STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.          | 1953 | CUCHUMATANENSIS    |
|                                            | 1947 | HUEHUETECA         |
|                                            | 1953 | TOJQUIANENSIS      |
|                                            | 1953 | TUNIMANENSIS       |
|                                            | 1953 | VENOSIVAGINATA     |
| STEUDECE.G.                                | 1855 | AMPHIBOLA          |
|                                            | 1855 | AUROLENSIS         |
|                                            | 1855 | FLACCIDULA         |
|                                            | 1855 | INCISO-DENTATA     |
|                                            | 1855 | MACROKOLEA         |
|                                            | 1855 | PICTA              |
|                                            | 1855 | PRESLII            |
|                                            | 1855 | PTYCHOCARPA        |
| STEYERMARK,J.A.                            | 1964 | AZUAYAE            |
|                                            | 1951 | CULMENICOLA        |
|                                            | 1951 | LARENSIS           |
|                                            | 1951 | RORAIMENSIS        |
|                                            | 1952 | STANDLEYANA        |
|                                            | 1951 | TACHIRENSIS        |
|                                            | 1951 | TAMANA             |
|                                            | 1954 | TOREADORA          |
|                                            | 1951 | TURUMIQUIRENSIS    |
| SUKSDORF,W.N.                              | 1923 | *NEBRASKENSIS      |
|                                            | 1906 | PADDOENSIS         |
| TORREY.J.                                  | 1836 | ALATA              |
|                                            | 1836 | JAMESII            |
| TORREY,J.                                  | 1836 | SCOULERI           |
|                                            | 1836 | TURGESCENS         |
| TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C.                      | 1836 | CAREYANA           |
|                                            | 1846 | HETEROSTACHYA      |
|                                            | 1836 | HOUGHTONIANA       |
| TORREY,J. IN WILKES,C.                     | 1854 | WILKESII           |
| TUCKERMAN,E.                               | 1843 | ALOPECOIDEA        |
|                                            | 1843 | *CANESCENS         |
|                                            | 1843 | *SCOPARIA          |
| TUCKERMAN.E. EX DEWEY,C.                   | 1860 | ARGYRANTHA         |
| TUCKERMAN,E. EX OLNEY.S.T. IN GRAY,A.      | 1868 | GLAUCODEA          |
| UNDERWOOD,J.K.                             | 1945 | *OXYLEPIS          |
| WAHLENBERG,G.                              | 1803 | AQUATILIS          |
| WATERFALL,U.T.                             | 1954 | LATEBRACTEATA      |
| WEATHERBY,C.A.                             | 1936 | MACKENZIANA        |
| WIEGAND,K.M.                               | 1922 | CREBRIFLORA        |
|                                            | 1922 | ORMOSTACHYA        |
| WRIGHT,S.H. IN DEWEY,C.                    | 1866 |                    |

**PUBLICATION-DATE INDEX**
| DATE     | TAXON              | AUTHOR                                        |
|----------|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
| 1803     | AQUATILIS          | WAHL ENTBERG,G.                               |
| 1805     | RETROFLEXA         | MUHLENBERG,H. EX WILLDENOW,C.L.               |
| 1819     | PODOCARPA          | BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,J.      |
|          | RICHARDSONII       | BROWN,R. IN RICHARDSON,J. IN FRANKLIN,.       |
| 1824     | BARRATTII          | SCHWEINITZ,L.D. AND TORREY,J.                 |
|          | COSTATA            | SCHWEINITZ,L.D.                               |
|          | CRISTATA           | SCHWEINITZ,L.D.                               |
|          | FORMOSA            | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | GRACILLIMA         | SCHWEINITZ,L.D.                               |
|          | NIGPO-MARGINATA    | SCHWEINITZ,L.D.                               |
|          | NOVAE-ANGLIAE      | SCHWEINITZ,L.D.                               |
|          | TENERA             | DEWEY,C.                                      |
| 1825     | SCHWEINITZII       | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | TRISPEPMA          | DEWEY,C.                                      |
| 1826     | COLLECTA           | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | HALSEYANA          | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | HITCHCOCKIANA      | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | SICCATA            | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | *UMBELLATA         | DEWEY,C.                                      |
| 1828     | ANTHOXANTHERA      | PRESL,K.B.                                    |
| 1830     | *FLAVA             | GAUDIN,J.F.G.P.                               |
| 1831     | CIRCINNATA         | MEYER,C.A.                                    |
|          | LEIOCARPA          | MEYER,C.A.                                    |
|          | NIGRICANS          | MEYER,C.A.                                    |
| 1835     | ARCTICA            | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | PARRYANA           | DEWEY,C.                                      |
| 1836     | ALATA              | TORREY,J.                                     |
|          | BACKANA            | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | CAREYANA           | TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C.                         |
|          | COLUMBIANA         | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | FESTIVA            | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | HOOKERANA          | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | HOUGHTONIANA       | TORREY,J. EX DEWEY,C.                         |
|          | JAMESII            | TORREY,J.                                     |
|          | MIRABILIS          | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | *OLIGOCARPA        | GRAY,A. EX TORREY,J.                          |
|          | PETASATA           | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | PETRICOSA          | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | SCOULERI           | TORREY,J.                                     |
|          | TURGESCENS         | TORREY,J.                                     |
| 1837     | STEUDELII          | KUNTH,C.S.                                    |
| 1839     | APERTA             | BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.                       |
|          | BACKII             | BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.                       |
|          | FRANKLINII         | BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.                       |
|          | HEPBURNII          | BOOTT,F. IN HOOKER,W.J.                       |
| 1841     | AESTIVALIS         | CURTIS,M.A. EX GRAY,A.                        |
|          | PRATENSIS          | OREJER,S.T.N.                                 |
| 1842     | *CEPHALOPHORA      | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | MEAOII             | DEWEY,C.                                      |
| 1842     | NUTTALLII          | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | SARTWELLII         | DEWEY,C.                                      |
| 1843     | ALOPECOIDEA        | TUCKERMAN,E.                                  |
|          | *CANESCENS         | TUCKERMAN,E.                                  |
|          | CAROLINIANA        | BUCKLEY,S.B.                                  |
|          | MISERA             | BUCKLEY,S.B.                                  |
|          | *SCOPARIA          | TUCKERMAN.E.                                  |
|          | STYLOFLEXA         | BUCKLEY,S.B.                                  |
| 1844     | CRUS-CORVI         | SHUTTLEWORTH,R.J. EX KUNZE,G.                 |
| 1845     | BUCKLEYI           | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | COOLEYI            | DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.                           |
|          | PRAIREA            | DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.                           |
|          | RETROCURVA         | DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.                           |
| 1846     | BANKSII            | BOOTT,F.                                      |
|          | FLACCOSPERMA       | OEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | GEYERT             | BOOTT,F.                                      |
|          | GRIFFITHII         | BOOTT,F.                                      |
|          | HALE1              | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | HETEROSTACHYA      | TORREY,J. EX OEWEY,C.                         |
|          | LEAVENWORTHII      | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | PREISSII           | ESSENBACH,N.VON IN LEHMANN,J.                 |
|          | SANGUINEA          | BOOTT,F.                                      |
|          | WOODII             | DEWEY,C.                                      |
| 1847     | BALTZELLII         | CHAPMAN,A.W. EX DEWEY,C.                      |
|          | ILLINOENSIS        | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | PLATYPHYLLA        | CAREY,J.                                      |
|          | SYCHNOCEPHAIA      | CAREY,J.                                      |
| 1849     | *ALOPECOIDEA       | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | IGNOTA             | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | SCABRIOR           | SARTWELL,H.P. EX DEWEY,C.                     |
| 1854     | *ARISTATA          | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | HAYDENII           | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | NEBRASKENSIS       | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | WILKESII           | TORREY,J. IN WILKES,C.                        |
| 1855     | AMPHIBOLA          | STEUDEL,E.G.                                  |
|          | AUROLENSIS         | STEUDEL,E.G.                                  |
|          | CHAPMAN I          | SARTWELL,H.P. EX DEWEY,C.                     |
|          | FLACCIDULA         | STEUDEL,E.G.                                  |
|          | INCISO-DENTATA     | STEUDEL,E.G.                                  |
|          | MACROKOLEA         | STEUDEL,E.G.                                  |
|          | MERCARENSIS        | HOCHSTETTER,C.F. EX STEUOEL,E.G.              |
|          | PACHYSTACHYA       | CHAMISSO,L.A. EX STEUDEL,E.G.                 |
|          | PICTA              | STEUDEL,E.G.                                  |
|          | PRESLII            | STEUDEL,E.G.                                  |
|          | PTYCHOCARPA        | STEUOEL,E.G.                                  |
| 1856     | TRIANGULARIS       | BOECKELER,J.O.                                |
| 1857     | LAEVI-CONICA       | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | MEEKII             | DEWEY,C.                                      |
| 1858     | *CRINTTA           | BOOTT,F.                                      |
| 1859     | BARBARAE           | DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H.           |
|          | CONFERTIFLORA      | BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.                           |
|          | MICANS             | BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.                           |
|          | NANA               | BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.                           |
|          | PAPULOSA           | BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.                           |
|          | PARCIFLORA         | BOOTT,F.                                      |
|          | PICTA              | BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.                           |
|          | THURBERI           | DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN EMORY,W.H.           |
|          | WRIGHTII           | DEWEY,C. IN TORREY,J. IN                      |
| 1860     | ARGYRANTHA         | TUCKERMAN,E. EX DEWEY,C. EMORY,W.H.           |
|          | *DIGITALIS         | CHAPMAN,A.W.                                  |
|          | *STELLULATA        | CHAPMAN,A.W.                                  |
|          | *TENTACULATA       | BOOTT,F.                                      |
| 1861     | *DOUGLASII         | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | *HIRSUTA           | DEWEY,C. IN WOOD,A.                           |
|          | RAYNOLOSII         | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | VALLICOLA          | DEWEY,C.                                      |
| 1862     | CONJUNCTA          | BOOTT,F.                                      |
|          | *SCOPARIA          | BOOTT,F.                                      |
|          | *STIPATA           | CHAPMAN,A.W. EX BOOTT,F.                      |
| 1863     | *BONPLANDII        | BOOTT,F. IN GRAY,A.                           |
| 1866     | *VAGINATA          | DEWEY,C.                                      |
|          | XEROCARPA          | WRIGHT,S.H. IN DEWEY,C.                       |
| 1867     | *ACUTA             | BOOTT,F.                                      |
|          | BREWERI            | BOOTT,F.                                      |
|          | *DEBILIS           | GRAY,A.                                       |
|          | HEBETATA           | BOOTT,F.                                      |
|          | LACINIATA          | BOOTT,F.                                      |
|          | OLIGANTHA          | BOOTT,F.                                      |
| 1868     | ATHROSTACHYA       | OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.                         |
|          | CINNAMOMEA         | OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.                         |
|          | GLAUCODEA          | TUCKERMAN,E. EX OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.         |
|          | GYNOOYNAMA         | OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.                         |
|          | LUZULINA           | OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.                         |
|          | SARTWELLIANA       | OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.                         |
|          | WHITNEYI           | OLNEY,S.T. IN GRAY,A.                         |
| 1871     | *AUREA             | OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S.                       |
|          | HAYDENIANA         | OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S.                       |
|          | PORTERI            | OLNEY,S.T.                                    |
|          | WATSONI            | OLNEY,S.T. IN WATSON,S.                       |
| 1872     | HALLII             | OLNEY,S.T. IN PORTER,T.C. IN HAYDEN,F.V.      |
| 1875     | FENDLERIANA        | BOECKELER,J.O.                                |
| 1877     | BURCHELLIANA       | BOECKELER,J.O.                                |
|          | *LONGIROSTRIS      | BOECKELER,J.O.                                |
| 1879     | MACROGLOSSA        | FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER, L.                  |
|          | *NUTANS            | FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER, L.                  |
|          | PLANATA            | FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER, L.                  |
|          | PODOGYNA           | FRANCHET,A. AND SAVATIER, L.                  |
| 1880     | HETEPONEURA        | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.                         |
| 1880     | KELLOGGII          | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.                         |
|          | MENOOCINENSIS      | OLNEY,S.T. EX BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S            |
|          | NUDATA             | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.                         |
|          | PHYLLOMANICA       | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.                         |
|          | *SCOPARIA          | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.                         |
|          | SUBFUSCA           | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.                         |
| 1881     | KALOIDES           | PETRIE,D.                                     |
| 1882     | LONGICULMIS        | PETRIE,D.                                     |
| 1883     | DEVIA              | CHEESEMAN,T.F.                                |
|          | SCHAFFNERI         | BOOTT,W. IN WATSON,S.                         |
| 1884     | *ADUSTA            | OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L., H.                   |
|          | ASSINIBOINENSIS    | BOOTT,W.                                      |
|          | *CANESCENS         | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | HALLIANA           | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | LEMMONI            | BOOTT,W.                                      |
|          | PETRIEI            | CHEESEMAN,T.F.                                |
|          | PRAEGRACILIS       | BOOTT,W.                                      |
| 1885     | NERVINA POTOSINA   | BAILEY,L.H. HEMSLEY,W.B.                      |
| 1886     | *BRONGNIARTII      | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | ENGELMANNI         | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | FUSCOLUTEA         | BOECKELER,J.O.                                |
|          | *GAYANA            | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | I NOP S            | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | *LEPORINA          | OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L., H.                   |
|          | *MARCIDA           | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | OREGONENSIS        | OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L., H.                   |
|          | *RETROCURVA        | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | *STYLOSA           | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | ULTRA              | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
| 1887     | SCAPOSA            | HOOKER,J.D.                                   |
| 1888     | *DEWEYANA          | OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L., H.                   |
|          | PANSA              | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | *ROSEA             | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
| 1889     | ACUTINA ALBIDA     | BAILEY,L.H. BAILEY,L.H.                       |
|          | ALMA               | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | CALIFORNICA        | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | COMMUNIS           | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | DONNELL-SMITHII    | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | ELEOCHARIS         | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
| *FESTIVA |                    | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | *FOENEA            | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | *GRISEA            | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | * HOOD 11          | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | ILLOTA             | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | JONESII            | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | *MILIARIS          | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | SPECIFICA          | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
| 1889     | SPRETA             | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | *STRAMINEA         | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | *STRAMINEA         | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | *TERETTUSCULA      | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | VICARIA            | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
| 1890     | *PRATENSIS         | BAILEY,L.H. IN MACOUN,JOHN                    |
| 1891     | QUADRIFIDA         | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | *QUAORIFIDA        | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
| 1892     | *COMANS            | CHEESEMAN,T.F.                                |
|          | MONTANENSIS        | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | PRINGLEI           | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | XERANTICA          | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
| 1893     | AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | OURIFOLIA          | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | FETA               | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | INTERIOR           | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | *STERILIS          | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | *TORTA             | PECK,C.H.                                     |
| 1894     | ROSAEOIDES         | HOWE,E.C. IN GORDINIER,H.C. AND HOWE,E.C.     |
|          | *ROSEA             | PECK,C.H.                                     |
|          | *WILLDENOVII       | OLNEY,S.T. EX BAILEY,L.H. IN COULTER,J.M.     |
| 1895     | FARGESII           | FRANCHET,A.                                   |
|          | *ROSEA             | PECK,C.H.                                     |
|          | *STIPATA           | PECK,C.H.                                     |
|          | *STRICTA           | BRITTON,N.L.                                  |
| 1896     | DURANOII           | BOECKELER,J.O.                                |
|          | EGGERTII           | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | HASSEI             | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | IDAHOA             | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | MANDONIANA         | BOECKELER,J.O.                                |
|          | *NEBRASKENSIS      | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | PTEROLEPTA         | FRANCHET,A.                                   |
|          | *XANTHOCARPA       | BICKNELL,E.P.                                 |
| 1897     | *CRINITA           | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
| 1898     | MADRENSIS          | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | OAXACANA           | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | SEATONIANA         | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
| 1899     | *MICROGLOCHIN      | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | *STENOPHYLLA       | LITVINOV,D.I.                                 |
| 1900     | ELYNOIOES          | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | *VESTITA           | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
| 1901     | BONANZENSIS        | BRITTON,N.L.                                  |
|          | EBENEA             | RYDBERG,P.A.                                  |
|          | KATAHDINENSIS      | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *VESICARIA         | PERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | WILLIAMSII         | BRITTON,N.L.                                  |
|          | YUKONENSIS         | BRITTON,N.L.                                  |
| 1902     | AENEA              | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *AUTA              | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
| 1902     | *CANESCENS         | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | CRAWFORDII         | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *CRAWFORDII        | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *ECHINATA          | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | GYMNOCLAOA         | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | MICRANTHA          | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | *MIRABILIS         | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *MIRABILIS         | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | ORONENSIS          | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | PRIONPHYLLA        | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | *SCOPARIA          | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *STRAMINEA         | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *TENERA            | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
| 1903     | ACCEDENS           | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | CHALCIOLEPIS       | HOLM.H.T.                                     |
|          | *FESTIVA           | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | ICHANGENSIS        | CLARKE,C.B.                                   |
|          | LANCIFOLIA         | CLARKE,C.B.                                   |
|          | *LONGICRURIS       | CLARKE,C.B.                                   |
| 1904     | LACUNARUM          | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | MICROCHAETA        | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | PHAEOLEPIS         | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | PHYSOCHLAENA       | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | PRAINII            | CLARKE.C.B.                                   |
|          | *SCIRPOIOEA        | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | *SCIRPOIOEA        | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | VAGANS             | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | VITREA             | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
| 1905     | AUSTROMONTANA      | PARISH,S.B.                                   |
|          | BRACHYPODA         | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | CAMPLYOCARPA       | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | EURYCARPA          | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | JACINTOENSIS       | PARISH,S.B.                                   |
|          | *LUZULAEFOLIA      | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | OXYCARPA           | HOLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | PACHYSTOMA         | HQLM,H.T.                                     |
|          | UNDERWOODII        | BRITTON,N.L.                                  |
| 1906     | AGGLOMERATA        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | CONCINNOIDES       | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *FLAVA             | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *GLAREOSA          | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | HARPERI            | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *HOODII            | PIPER,C.V.                                    |
|          | HORMATHOOES        | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *INTERIOR          | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *LAXTFLORA         | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | MEDITERRANIA       | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | PAOOOENSIS         | SUKSOORF,W.N.                                 |
|          | *PAUPERCULA        | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
| 1906     | PHAEOCEPHALA       | PIPER,C.V.                                    |
|          | RHYNCHACHAENIUM    | CLARKE,C.B. IN MERRILL,E.D.                   |
|          | SAXIMONTANA        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *TRISPERMA         | KNIGHT,O.W.                                   |
| 1907     | AGROSTOIDES        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | BREVISQUAMA        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | CILIARIS           | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | NEOMEXICANA        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | PERGLOBOSA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | PERLONGA           | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | SIMULATA           | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | SUBTRANSVERSA      | CLARKE,C.B.                                   |
|          | TUMULICOLA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
| 1908     | ABDITA             | BICKNELL,E.P.                                 |
|          | AEQUA              | CLARKE,C.B.                                   |
|          | CHIHUAHUAENSIS     | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | FELIPENSIS         | CLARKE,C.B.                                   |
|          | INCOMPERTA         | BICKNELL,E.P.                                 |
|          | PROJECTA           | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | PSEUDOJAPONICA     | CLARKE,C.B.                                   |
|          | SCABRIUSCULA       | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | SCIRPIFORMIS       | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | VIOLACEA           | CLARKE,C.B.                                   |
| 1909     | ABRAMSII           | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *AQUATILIS         | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.                 |
|          | *CLADOSTACHYA      | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.                 |
|          | *FILIFOLIA         | KUKFNTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.                 |
|          | FISSURICOLA        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | FUSCOTINCTA        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *HINDSII           | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.                 |
|          | HOLMIANA           | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *LEMANNIANA        | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.                 |
|          | *LENTICULARIS      | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.                 |
|          | MACROSPERMA        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | MICROPTERA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | NUBICOLA           | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *NUDATA            | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.                 |
|          | PERSTRICTA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *PINETORUM         | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.                 |
|          | SALINAEFORMIS      | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | SMALLIANA          | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *STIPATA           | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.                 |
|          | *TENUIFLORA        | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ENGLER,H.G.A.                 |
| 1910     | ABORIGINUM         | JONES,M.E.                                    |
|          | AESTIVALIFORMIS    | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | AGGREGATA          | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | ARSENII            | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | BILTMOREANA        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *BRUNNEA           | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
| 1910     | BUSHII             | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | DEBILIFORMIS       | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | ELMERI             | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | ELRODI             | JONES,M.E.                                    |
|          | FULVESCENS         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *JAMESONI          | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | MERRILLII          | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | MESOCHOREA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | RAMOSII            | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | *SCOPARIA          | FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.                 |
|          | STANTONENSIS       | JONES,M.E.                                    |
|          | *STIPATA           | MOHR,C.                                       |
| 1911     | *HORNSCHUCHIANA    | FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.                 |
|          | PALAWANENSIS       | KUKENTHAL,G. IN ELMER,A.D.E.                  |
|          | PYCNOTHYSOS        | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
| 1912     | ATROSQUAMA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *SCOPARIA          | FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.                 |
| 1913     | BRAINERDII         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | BREVICAULIS        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *DEWEYANA          | FERNALD.M.L.                                  |
|          | GEOPHILA           | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | MAGNIFOLIA         | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN SMALL,J.K.                  |
|          | PITYOPHILA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
| 1914     | CRYPTOLEPIS        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | OKLAHOMENSIS       | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
| 1915     | BULBOSTYLIS        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | CUSICKII           | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,R.K. |
|          | EGGLESTONII        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | EGREGIA            | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | FESTIVELLA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | LUNELLIANA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | MISANDROIDES       | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | ONUSTA             | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | PIPERI             | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PIPER,C.V. AND BEATTIE,R.K. |
|          | RUGOSPERMA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | RUSBYI             | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | SHELDONII          | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
| 1916     | ABRUPTA            | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | CONVOLUTA          | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | DAVYI              | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | GRACILIOR          | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | HARFORDII          | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | INTEGRA            | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | LANCIFRUCTUS       | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | LEPORINELLA        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | MARIPOSANA         | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | MULTICOSTATA       | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | OLYMPICA           | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | PACHYCARPA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
| 1916     | SUB-BRACTEATA      | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | TENERAEFORMIS      | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
| 1917     | ALBO-NIGRA         | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.                |
|          | ANGUSTIOR          | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.                |
|          | EPAPILLOSA         | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.                |
|          | INCURVIFORMIS      | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.                |
|          | LEPTOPODA          | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN RYDBERG,P.A.                |
|          | NELSONII           | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN PYDBERG,P.A.                |
| 1918     | BAMBUSETORUM       | MERRILL,E.D.                                  |
|          | *PAUPERCULA        | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
| 1919     | ARAPAHOENSIS       | CLOKEY,I.W.                                   |
|          | SUBIMPRESSA        | CLOKEY,I.W.                                   |
|          | *TRIBULOIDES       | CLOKEY,I.W.                                   |
| 1920     | CHIKUNGANA         | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | CRANDALLII         | GANOOGER,M.                                   |
|          | KULINGANA          | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | SUKSDORFII         | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | *SUKSDORFII        | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
| 1921     | *SCOPARIA          | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
| 1922     | APODA              | CLOKEY,I.W.                                   |
|          | CREBRIFLORA        | WIEGAND,K.M.                                  |
|          | DUDLEYI            | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | FLACCIFOLIA        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | FRACTA             | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | HELLERI            | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | MONTEREYENSIS      | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | ORMOSTACHYA        | WIEGAND,K.M.                                  |
|          | PAUCTCOSTATA       | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | PAYSONIS           | CLOKEY,I.W.                                   |
|          | STENOPTERA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | TRACYI             | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | UNILATERALIS       | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
| 1923     | MERRITT-FERNALDII  | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | *NEBRASKENSIS      | SUKSDORF,W.N.                                 |
|          | NEUROPHORA         | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L.                   |
|          | SUBORBICULATA      | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L.                   |
|          | VIRIOIOR           | MACKENZIE,K.K. IN ABRAMS,L.                   |
| 1924     | *HOSTIANA          | FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.                 |
| 1926     | CUBENSIS           | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | *CUBENSIS          | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | EKMANII            | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | *LIVIDA            | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
| 1929     | *APERTA            | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | *APEPTA            | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | *EKMANII           | KUKENTHAL,G. AND EKMAN,E.L.                   |
|          | *EURYCARPA         | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | *INTERRUPTA        | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | *OEDERI            | MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE)                        |
|          | WEROERMANNII       | GROSS,R. IN WERDERMANN,E.                     |
| 1930     | LARICINA           | MACKENZIE,K.K. EX BRIGHT,J.                   |
|          | TAHITENSIS         | BROWN,F.B.H.                                  |
| 1931     | ARCTAEFORMIS       | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | AUTUMNAL IS        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | CLIVICOLA          | FERNALD,M.L. AND WEATHERBY,C.A.               |
|          | CUNEATA            | OHWI,J.                                       |
|          | FISSA              | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | INVOLUCRATELLA     | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | MOHRIANA           | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | MOLESTA            | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | PLATYLEPIS         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | PRAECEPTORIUM      | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | PROPOSITA          | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | RUTHII             | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | TOWNSENDII         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | WIEGANDII          | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
| 1932     | HYMENODON          | OHWI,J.                                       |
|          | RUGATA             | OHW, J.                                       |
| 1933     | KURILENSIS         | OHWI,J.                                       |
|          | LANGEANA           | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | X PSEUDO-FULVA     | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | X TRICHINA         | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *VESICARIA         | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | X XANTHINA         | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
| 1934     | APODOSTACHYA       | OHWI,J.                                       |
|          | HATUSIMANA         | OHWI,J.                                       |
|          | PHILOCRENA         | KRECZETOWICZ,V.I.                             |
|          | *RUBRO-BRUNNEA     | MERRILL,E.D.                                  |
| 1935     | ABLATA             | BAILEY,L.H.                                   |
|          | ACUTINELLA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | AZTECICA           | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | CAESARIENSIS       | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | CONSPECTA          | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | GARBERI            | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *GARBERI           | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | LEIOPHYLLA         | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | MISERABILIS        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | PURPURIFERA        | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | SAVAIIENSIS        | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
|          | STELLATA           | MACKENZIE,K.K.                                |
|          | TSOI               | MERRILL,E.D. AND CHUN,N.K.                    |
| 1936     | MACKENZIANA        | WEATHERBY,C.A.                                |
|          | OBISPOENSIS        | STACEY,J.W.                                   |
|          | *VULPINOIDEA       | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
| 1937     | *CRUS-CORVI        | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | CURATORIUM         | STACEY,J.W.                                   |
|          | PELOCARPA          | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | SONOMENSIS         | STACEY,J.W.                                   |
| 1938     | *ARTITECTA         | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
| 1938     | CONSTANCEANA       | STACEY,J.W.                                   |
|          | X DEAMII           | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | *DIGITALIS         | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | EASTWOODIANA       | STACEY,J.W.                                   |
|          | EX-PLORATORUM      | NELMES,E.                                     |
|          | *LAXIFLORA         | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | SARAWAKETENSIS     | KUKENTHAL,G.                                  |
| 1939     | *ANGUSTIOR         | CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A.                    |
|          | DANAENSIS          | STACEY,J.W.                                   |
|          | *INTERIOR          | CLOKEY,I.W.                                   |
|          | KOKRINENSIS        | PORSILD,A.E.                                  |
|          | MELOZITNENSIS      | PORSILD,A.E.                                  |
|          | SCHNEIDERI         | NELMES,E.                                     |
|          | SUBNIGRICANS       | STACEY,J.W.                                   |
| 1940     | BARTLETTII         | O’NEILL,H.T.                                  |
| 1941     | *IGITALIS          | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | DUTILLYI           | O’NEILL,H.T. AND DUMAN,M.                     |
|          | *INTERIOR          | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | *PHALAROIDES       | GROSS,R.                                      |
|          | *PIRCHINCHENSIS    | GROSS,R.                                      |
|          | *PURPUREOVAGINATA  | GROSS,R.                                      |
|          | RUGATA             | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | SALTAENSIS         | GROSS,R.                                      |
| 1942     | *ABSCONDITA        | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | X ABSCONDITIFORMIS | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *AMPHIBOLA         | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | BAYARDI            | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *CUMULATA          | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *DEBILIS           | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *INFLATA           | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *INTUMESCENS       | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | JACOBI-PETERI      | HULTEN,O.E.G.                                 |
|          | *LASIOCARPA        | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *PALLESCENS        | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | *RIGHARDSONII      | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
|          | TERRAE-NOVAE       | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
| 1943     | *ATROFUSCA         | PORSILD,A.E.                                  |
|          | MORRISSEYI         | PORSILD,A.E.                                  |
|          | OBOVOIDEA          | CRONQUIST,A.                                  |
| 1944     | INTERIMUS          | MAGUIRE,B.                                    |
|          | RACHILLIS          | MAGUIRE,B.                                    |
|          | *VERNACULA         | MAGUIRE,B.                                    |
| 1945     | ELBERTANA          | KELSO,L.                                      |
|          | HAGIANA            | KELSO,L.                                      |
|          | *OXYLEPIS          | UNDERWOOD,J.K.                                |
| 1946     | *CAMPYLOCARPA      | MAGUIRE,B. AND HOLMGREN,A.H.                  |
|          | *CRINITA           | FERNALD,M.L.                                  |
| 1947     | ACROPHILA          | BLAKE,S.T.                                    |
|          | BREVIS             | BLAKE,S.T.                                    |
| 1947     | EREMOSTACHYA       | BLAKE,S.T.                                    |
|          | HUEKUETECA         | STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.             |
|          | LAMPROCHLAMYS      | BLAKE,S.T.                                    |
|          | MELANOPHORA        | BLAKE,S.T.                                    |
|          | PERILEIA           | BLAKE,S.T.                                    |
|          | SOPERI             | RAUP,H.M.                                     |
|          | STEYERMARKII       | STANDLEY,P.C.                                 |
|          | UNCOMPAHGRE        | KELSO,L.                                      |
|          | VITIENSIS          | ST.JOHN,H.                                    |
| 1948     | ROANENSIS          | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
| 1949     | MURICULATA         | HERMANN,F.J. IN MCVAUGH,R.                    |
|          | SPECUICOLA         | HOWELL,J.T.                                   |
| 1950     | ATRACTODES         | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | ERXLEBENIANA       | KELSO,L.                                      |
|          | KAUAIENSIS         | KRAUSS,R.                                     |
|          | PERCOSTATA         | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | *PLUVICA           | KRAUSS,R.                                     |
|          | QUICHENSIS         | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | *WAHUENSIS         | KRAUSS,R.                                     |
| 1951     | CULMENICOLA        | STEYERMARK,J.A.                               |
|          | LARENSIS           | STEYERMARK,J.A.                               |
|          | RORAIMENSIS        | STEYERMARK,J.A.                               |
|          | TACHIRENSIS        | STEYERMARK,J.A.                               |
|          | TAMANA             | STEYERMARK,J.A.                               |
|          | TURUMIQUIRENSIS    | STEYERMARK,J.A.                               |
| 1952     | DIVERSISTYLIS      | ROACH,A.W.                                    |
|          | STANDLEYANA        | STEYERMARK,J.A.                               |
|          | TETSUOI            | OHWI,J.                                       |
| 1953     | CUCHUMATANENSIS    | STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.             |
|          | TOJQUIANENSIS      | STANDLEY,P.C AND STEYERMARK,J.A.              |
|          | TUNIMANENSIS       | STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.             |
|          | VENOSIVAGINATA     | STANDLEY,P.C. AND STEYERMARK,J.A.             |
| 1954     | LATEBRACTEATA      | WATERFALL,U.T.                                |
|          | TOREADORA          | STEYERMARK,J.A.                               |
|          | *WILLDENOWII       | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
| 1955     | AMPLISQUAMA        | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | TRICHOPHYLLA       | NELMES,E.                                     |
|          | VEXANS             | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
| 1956     | X DUMANII          | LEPAGE,E.                                     |
|          | X EXSALINA         | LEPAGE,E.                                     |
|          | LIMNOPHILA         | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | X NEOFILIPENDULA   | LEPAGE,E.                                     |
|          | X NEOPALEACEA      | LEPAGE,E.                                     |
|          | *X SAXENII         | LEPAGE,E.                                     |
| 1957     | ATHABASCENSIS      | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | EURYSTACHYA        | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | INCONDITA          | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | X NUBENS           | LEPAGE,E.                                     |
|          | *PRATICOLA         | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
| 1958     | JEPSONII           | HOWELL,J.T.                                   |
| 1959     | SURCULOSA          | RAYMOND,M.                                    |
|          | TAMAKII            | KOYAMA,T.                                     |
|          | ZIZANIAEFOLIA      | RAYMOND,M.                                    |
| 1960     | *EGGLESTONII       | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
| 1961     | *TOMPKINSI         | HOWELL,J.T.                                   |
| 1962     | X PATUENSIS        | LEPAGE,E.                                     |
|          | *VIRIDULA          | LEPAGE,E.                                     |
| 1963     | *BIPARTITA         | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
| 1964     | AZUAYAE            | STEYERMARK,J.A.                               |
|          | X NEOBIGELOWII     | LEPAGE,E.                                     |
|          | PLECTOCARPA        | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
|          | X QUEBECENSIS      | LEPAGE,E.                                     |
| 1965     | *FISSA             | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
| 1967     | CHIAPENSIS         | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
| 1968     | *MICROPTERA        | HERMANN,F.J.                                  |
| 1969     | OBLANCEOLATA       | KOYAMA,T.                                     |
| 1971     | GUATEMALENSIS      | HERMANN                                       |

**COLLECTOR INDEX**
| NUMBER                                                                 | DATE COLLECTED          | TAXON              |
|------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------|--------------------|
| ---                                                                    |                         |                    |
| 2688                                                                   | 25 MAY 1897             | BILTMOREANA        |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1843             | *CANESCENS         |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | CRISTATA           |
| ---                                                                    | -- AUG 1827             | *FLAVA             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | PRAIREA            |
| ABRAMS,L.                                                              |
| 2816                                                                   | 31 JUL 1902             | ABRAMSII           |
| ALLEN,J.A.                                                             |
| 21A                                                                    | 01 JUL 1878             | *PAUPERCULA        |
| AMANO,T.                                                               |
| 6358                                                                   | -- MAY 1951             | TETSUOI            |
| ANDERSON,J.P.                                                          |
| 4871                                                                   | 19 AUG 1938             | JACOBI-PETERI      |
| ARSENE,G.(FRERE)                                                       |
| 3054                                                                   | 16 JUL 1909             | ARSENII            |
| 1359                                                                   | 01 AUG 1907             | CONSPECTA          |
| ARSENE,L.(FRERE)                                                       |
| - --                                                                   | 28 JUL 1902             | FULVESCENS         |
| BAILEY,L.H.                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | 13 JUN 1917             | CHIKUNGANA         |
| ---                                                                    | 18 JUL 1917             | KULINGANA          |
| 161                                                                    | 01 JUN 1886             | *RETROCURVA        |
| BAKER,C.F.                                                             |
| 811                                                                    | 10 MAY 1902             | AEQUA              |
| 226                                                                    | -- AUG 1899             | CHALCIOLEPIS       |
| 230                                                                    | -- AUG 1899             | ELYNOIDES          |
| 232                                                                    | -- AUG 1899             | *FESTIVA           |
| 232                                                                    | -- AUG 1899             | NUBICOLA           |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | SAXIMONTANA        |
| BANG,M.                                                                |
| 2210                                                                   | ---                     | *CLADOSTACHYA      |
| 2376                                                                   | ---                     | *JAMESONI          |
| BANKS,J. AND SOLANDER, D.C.                                            |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1769             | BANKSII            |
| BARTLETT,H.H.                                                          |
| 11718A                                                                 | 24 FEB 1931             | BARTLETTII         |
| BEAMAN,J.H.                                                            |
| 3880                                                                   | 31 JUL 1960             | GUATEMALENSIS      |
| BEAN,R.S.; HOSAKA,E.Y. AND ST.JOHN,H.                                  |
| 11228                                                                  | 21 DEC 1931             | *WAHUENSIS         |
| BICKNELL,E.P.                                                          |
| ---                                                                    | 11 MAY 1904             | ABDITA             |
| ---                                                                    | 20 JUN 1908             | INCOMPERTA         |
| BIGELOW,J.M.                                                           |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1853-1854        | ALBIDA             |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1853-1854        | *BRONGNIARTII      |
| 1547                                                                   | ---                     | NEOMEXICANA        |
| BILTMORE HERBARIUM                                                     |
| BILTMORE HERBARIUM                                                     |
| 262A                                                                   | 28 MAY 1897             | *STIPATA           |
| BIOLETTI,F.T.                                                          |                         |                    |
| 1                                                                      | 25 JUN 1893             | TUMULICOLA         |
| BOLANDER,H.N.                                                          |                         |                    |
| 6213                                                                   | 17 JUN 1863             | ATHROSTACHYA       |
| 4741                                                                   | 01 MAY 1866             | CALIFORNICA        |
| 6477                                                                   | -- --- 1866             | CINNAMOMEA         |
| 6477                                                                   | -- --- 1866             | DEBILIFORMIS       |
| 50                                                                     | ----                    | FETA               |
| 3822                                                                   | --- APR 1864            | GRACILIOR          |
| 4700                                                                   | -- --- 1866             | GYNODYNAMA         |
| 5074                                                                   | ---                     | HAYDENIANA         |
| 4740                                                                   | -- --- 1866             | LUZULINA           |
| 4701                                                                   | -- --- 1866             | MENDOCINENSIS      |
| 2299                                                                   | -- ---- 1860-1867       | NUDATA             |
| 6198                                                                   | -- JUL 1866             | PAUCICOSTATA       |
| 4746                                                                   | -- --- 1866             | PHYLLOMANICA       |
| 5046                                                                   | -- --- 1866             | QUADRIFIDA         |
| 5046                                                                   | -- --- 1866             | *QUADRIFIDA        |
| 4702                                                                   | -- --- 1866             | SALINAEFORMIS      |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1860 CA.         | SUB-BRACTEATA      |
| 5086                                                                   | -- --- 1866             | WHITNEYI           |
| 6198                                                                   | -- --- 1866             | WHITNEYI           |
| BOOTT,W.                                                               |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | 26 JUL 1865             | *SCOPARIA          |
| BOURGEAU,E.                                                            |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1857-1859        | *LONGIROSTRIS      |
| BRAINERD,E.                                                            |                         |                    |
| 121                                                                    | 19 JUL 1897             | BRAINERDII         |
| 160                                                                    | 18 JUL 1897             | *ECHINATA          |
| 111                                                                    | 11 JUL 1897             | *FILIFOLIA         |
| ---                                                                    | 19 JUL 1898             | *INTUMESCENS       |
| BRASS,L.J.                                                             |                         |                    |
| 9515                                                                   | -- AUG 1938             | ACROPHILA          |
| 4418                                                                   | -- MAY-JUL 1933         | BREVIS             |
| 10255                                                                  | -- OCT 1938             | EREMOSTACHYA       |
| 5323                                                                   | -- SEP-NOV 1933         | LAMPROCHLAMYS      |
| 9583                                                                   | -- AUG 1938             | PERILEIA           |
| BRASS,L.J. AND MEYER-DREES,E.                                          |                         |                    |
| 9828                                                                   | -- SEP 1938             | MELANOPHORA        |
| BREEDLOVE,D.E.                                                         |                         |                    |
| 6714                                                                   | 30 JUL 1964             | CHIAPENSIS         |
| BREWER,W.H.                                                            |                         |                    |
| 1650                                                                   | 17 JUN 1863             | ATHROSTACHYA       |
| 1422                                                                   | -- --- 1863             | BREWERI            |
| 1977                                                                   | 31 JUL 1863             | PACHYCARPA         |
| 1636                                                                   | -- --- 1863             | SARTWELLIANA       |
| 1969                                                                   | 31 JUL 1863             | *SCOPARIA          |
| 1969                                                                   | 31 JUL 1863             | SPECIFICA          |
| BREWER,W.H.                                                            |
| 1778                                                                   | 04 JUL 1863             | WHITNEYI           |
| BRIGHT,J.                                                              |
| ---                                                                    | 18 MAY 1923             | PURPURIFERA        |
| BRITTQN,N.L.                                                           |
| ---                                                                    | 06 JUL 1895             | *XANTHOCARPA       |
| BROWN,D.M.                                                             |
| 255                                                                    | 02 AUG 1936             | ROANENSIS          |
| BUCKLEY,S.B.                                                           |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | BUCKLEYI           |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | CAROLINIANA        |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | MISERA             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | STYLOFLEXA         |
| BURCHELUW. J.                                                          |
| 1911                                                                   | ---                     | BURCHELLIANA       |
| BURT-DAVY,J.                                                           |
| 3266                                                                   | 25-30 JUN 1897          | DAVYI              |
| BUSH,B.F.                                                              |
| 1718                                                                   | 25 MAY 1902             | AGGLOMERATA        |
| 1718                                                                   | 25 MAY 1902             | AGGREGATA          |
| 2514                                                                   | 30 APR 1905             | BUSHII             |
| 1043                                                                   | 18 MAY 1895             | FISSA              |
| 7020                                                                   | 02 JUN 1913             | LUNELLIANA         |
| 993                                                                    | 22 MAY 1895             | OKLAHOMENSIS       |
| CANBY,W.M.                                                             |
| 350                                                                    | 03 AUG 1883             | MONTANENSIS        |
| CAREY,J.                                                               |
| ---                                                                    | -- MAY 1832             | CAREYANA           |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | PLATYPHYLLA        |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | SYCHNOCEPHALA      |
| CARY,M.                                                                |
| 613                                                                    | 11 JUL 1910             | ALBO-NIGRA         |
| CHAMISSO,L.A.                                                          |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | CIRCINNATA -       |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | NIGRICANS          |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | PACHYSTACHYA       |
| CHAPMAN,A.W.                                                           |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | BALTZELLII         |
| 113                                                                    | ---                     | CHAPMANI           |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1842             | *DIGITALIS         |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | MAGNIFOLIA         |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *STELLULATA        |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *STIPATA           |
| CHASE,A.                                                               |
| 8283                                                                   | 17 JAN 1925             | *PURPUREOVAGINATA  |
| CHEESEMAN,T.F.                                                         |
| ---                                                                    | -- JAN 1883             | *COMANS            |
| 83                                                                     | -- JAN 1882             | DEVIA              |
| ---                                                                    | -- JAN 1883             | PETRIEI            |
| CHRISTOPHERSEN,E.                                                      |
| 800                                                                    | 24 SEP 1929             | SAVAIIENSIS        |
| CHUN,N.K. AND TSO,C.L.                                                 |
| 43680                                                                  | -- --- 1932-1933        | TSOI               |
| CLAUSEN,R.T. AND WAHL,H.A.                                             |
| 2532                                                                   | 06 JUN 1937             | *ANGUSTIOR         |
| CLEMENS,J. AND CLEMENS,M.S.                                            |
| 34297                                                                  | 28 JUL 1933             | EXPLORATORUM       |
| 5546                                                                   | -- MAR 1937             | SARAWAKETENSIS     |
| CLEMENTS,F.                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1900             | EBENEA             |
| CLOKEY,I.W.                                                            |
| 3227                                                                   | 29 JUL 1918             | ARAPAHOENSIS       |
| 7468                                                                   | 19 JUN 1937             | *INTERIOR          |
| 2338                                                                   | 06 AUG 1915             | SUBIMPRESSA        |
| 2364                                                                   | 07 AUG 1915             | *TRIBULOIDES       |
| COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L.                                          |
| ---                                                                    | 03-17 AUG 1905          | *GARBERI           |
| COLLINS,J.F.; FERNALD,M.L. AND PEASE,A.S.                              |
| ---                                                                    | 05-08 AUG 1904          | *FLAVA             |
| COLLINS,Z.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | BARRATTII          |
| COOLEY,D.                                                              |
| 74                                                                     | ---                     | *ALOPECOIDEA       |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | COOLEYI            |
| COVILLE,F.V.                                                           |
| 1455                                                                   | 11 SEP 1902             | BRACHYPODA         |
| 1457                                                                   | 11 SEP 1902             | CAMPLYOCARPA       |
| 1362                                                                   | 03 SEP 1902             | PACHYSTOMA         |
| CRAWE,I.B. AND WOOD,W.A.                                               |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | WOODII             |
| CRAWE,J.B.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *OLIGOCARPA        |
| CRONQUIST,A.                                                           |
| 2872                                                                   | 03 JUL 1941             | OBOVOIDEA          |
| CROOM,H.B.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1834             | ALATA              |
| CURTIS,M.A.                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | -- JUL 1841             | AESTIVALIS         |
| CURTISS,A.H.                                                           |
| 3267                                                                   | -- SEP 1882             | CREBRIFLORA        |
| 6761                                                                   | 15 APR 1901             | MOHRIANA           |
| CUSICK,W.C.                                                            |
| 1331                                                                   | -- JUL 1886             | CUSICKII           |
| 2487                                                                   | 28 AUG 1900             | GYMNOCLADA         |
| 2849                                                                   | 30 JUN 1902             | SCABRIUSCULA       |
| 1331                                                                   | -- JUL 1886             | *TERETIUSCULA      |
| DAVIS,E.                                                               |
| ---                                                                    | --                      | HALSEYANA          |
| DAVIS,E.                                                               |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1823             | HITCHCOCKIANA      |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | SICCATA            |
| DEAM,C.C.                                                              |
| 54764                                                                  | 05 MAY 1934             | *ARTITECTA         |
| 10927                                                                  | 05 JUN 1912             | LARICINA           |
| 6458                                                                   | 25 MAY 1910             | *LAXIFLORA         |
| 61177                                                                  | 19 MAR 1941             | VEXANS             |
| DELAVAY,R.P.                                                           |
| 4829                                                                   | 15 JUL 1889             | PTEROLEPTA         |
| DEWEY,C.                                                               |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | COLLECTA           |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | MIRABILIS          |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1822             | NOVAE-ANGLIAE      |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | SCHWEINITZII       |
| ---                                                                    | 20 JUN ----             | TENERA             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | TRISPERMA          |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *UMBELLATA         |
| 10                                                                     | 18 JUN 1860             | VALLICOLA          |
| DOS,L.                                                                 |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | NIGRO-MARGINATA    |
| DRUMMOND,T.                                                            |
| 437                                                                    | ---                     | AMPHIBOLA          |
| 431                                                                    | -- --- 1832             | AUROLENSIS         |
| 432                                                                    | -- --- 1832             | CRUS-CORVI         |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | FRANKLINII         |
| 256                                                                    | ---                     | HEPBURNII          |
| 420                                                                    | -- --- 1832             | MACROKOLEA         |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | PETASATA           |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | PETRICOSA          |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | PICTA              |
| 424                                                                    | -- --- 1832             | PTYCHOCARPA        |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | RETROFLEXA         |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | TRIANGULARIS       |
| DUMAN,M.                                                               |
| 1506                                                                   | 08 AUG 1938             | DUTILLYI           |
| DUTILLY,A. AND LEPAGE,E.                                               |
| 41,305A                                                                | 12 AUG 1963             | X NEOBIGELOWII     |
| 39329                                                                  | 19 AUG 1961             | X PATUENSIS        |
| 41,305                                                                 | 12 AUG 1963             | X QUEBECENSIS      |
| 39274                                                                  | 16 AUG 1961             | *VIRIDULA          |
| DUTILLY,A.; LEPAGE,E. AND DUMAN,M.                                     |
| 32793                                                                  | 29 AUG 1954             | X EXSALINA         |
| 32975                                                                  | 03 SEP 1954             | X NEOPALEACEA      |
| 32357                                                                  | 14 AUG 1954             | *X SAXENII         |
| EASTWOOD,A.                                                            |                         |                    |
| 725A                                                                   | 16 JUL 1914             | LEIOPHYLLA         |
| EASTWOOD,A. AND HOWELL,J.T.                                            |
| 1101                                                                   | 23 JUN 1933             | CURATORIUM         |
| 2271                                                                   | 07 MAY 1936             | OBISPOENSIS        |
| EGGERT,H.                                                              |
| ---                                                                    | 08 AUG 1893             | EGGERTII           |
| EGGLESTON,W.W.                                                         |
| 6181                                                                   | 22 AUG 1910             | EGGLESTONII        |
| 6584                                                                   | 18 APR-25 MAY 1911      | GEOPHILA           |
| 13567                                                                  | 19-20 AUG 1916          | MISERABILIS        |
| 6605                                                                   | 18 APR-25 MAY 1911      | PITYOPHILA         |
| 3329                                                                   | 30 JUL-01 AUG 1916      | VIRIDIOR           |
| EKMAN,E.L.                                                             |
| 14506                                                                  | 21 JUL 1922             | CUBENSIS           |
| ---                                                                    | 08 AUG 1925             | *CUBENSIS          |
| H1453                                                                  | 12 AUG 1924             | EKMANII            |
| H10662                                                                 | 14 SEP 1928             | *EKMANII           |
| ELMER,A.D.E.                                                           |
| 3132                                                                   | -- JUN 1901             | DUDLEYI            |
| 8444                                                                   | -- MAR 1907             | ELMERI             |
| 881                                                                    | -- JUN 1897             | *LENTICULARIS      |
| 2700                                                                   | -- JUN 1900             | OLYMPICA           |
| 13146                                                                  | -- MAY 1911             | PALAWANENSIS       |
| 6983                                                                   | -- NOV 1904             | RHYNCHACHAENIUM    |
| ENGELMANN.G.                                                           |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1874             | ENGELMANNI         |
| FARGES,R.P.                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | FARGESII           |
| FAURIE,U.                                                              |
| 919                                                                    | 28 JUN 1901             | MICRANTHA          |
| FAXON,E. AND FAXON,CE.                                                 |
| ---                                                                    | 23 JUN 1888             | AENEA              |
| ---                                                                    | 06 JUL 1878             | CRAWFORDII         |
| ---                                                                    | 27 MAY 1896             | ORMOSTACHYA        |
| FENDLER,A.                                                             |
| 878                                                                    | -- --- 1847             | FENDLERIANA        |
| FERNALD,M.L.                                                           |
| 264                                                                    | 04 JUL 1894             | *CRINITA           |
| ---                                                                    | 28 JUN 1904             | *GLAREOSA          |
| ---                                                                    | 06 JUL 1904             | *INTERIOR          |
| 146                                                                    | 06 JUL 1893             | *LAXIFLORA         |
| ---                                                                    | 03 JUL 1897             | MERRITT-FERNALDII  |
| ---                                                                    | 05 JUN 1896             | *MIRABILIS         |
| ---                                                                    | 30 JUN 1891             | ORONENSIS          |
| 1464                                                                   | 08 JUL 1909             | *SCOPARIA          |
| FERNALD,M.L. AND BISSELL,C.H.                                          |
| 20311                                                                  | 16 AUG 1920             | *CUMULATA          |
| FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B.                                               |
| 12012                                                                  | 08 JUN 1940             | *ABSCONDITA        |
| 12969                                                                  | 13 JUN 1941             | X ABSCONDITIFORMIS |
| 8143                                                                   | 08 JUN 1938             | *CRINITA           |
| 12016                                                                  | 13 JUN 1940             | *DEBILIS           |
| 11791                                                                  | 08 MAY 1940             | *DIGITALIS         |
| FERNALD,M.L. AND LONG,B.                                               |
| 7767                                                                   | 08 APR 1938             | *DIGITALIS         |
| 11787                                                                  | 07 MAY 1940             | RUGATA             |
| 20296                                                                  | 14 JUL 1920             | *SCOPARIA          |
| 1455                                                                   | 27 AUG 1929             | X XANTHINA         |
| FERNALD,M.L. AND WIEGAND,K.M.                                          |
| 2897                                                                   | 16 AUG 1910             | *HORNSCHUCHIANA    |
| 2897                                                                   | 16 AUG 1910             | *HOSTIANA          |
| 4918                                                                   | 12-13 JUL 1911          | *PALLESCENS        |
| 4258                                                                   | 16 AUG 1910             | X PSEUDO-FULVA     |
| 4796                                                                   | 28 AUG 1911             | *SCOPARIA          |
| 2776                                                                   | 21 JUL 1910             | WIEGANDII          |
| FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND FOGG-JR.,J.M.                                |
| 1374                                                                   | 20 JUL 1929             | LANGEANA           |
| 1449                                                                   | 19 AUG 1929             | X NEOFILIPENDULA   |
| 1474                                                                   | 31 JUL 1929             | *VESICARIA         |
| FERNALD,M.L.; LONG,B. AND SMART,R.F.                                   |
| 5677                                                                   | 22 JUN 1936             | BAYARDI            |
| 5677                                                                   | 22-23 JUN 1936          | *CRUS-CORVI        |
| FERNALD,M.L.; WEATHERBY,C.A. AND STEBBINS,G.L.                         |                         |                    |
| 2411                                                                   | 05 JUL 1931             | CLIVICOLA          |
| FERNALD,M.L.; WIEGAND,K.M. AND LONG,B.                                 |
| 27673                                                                  | 20 JUL 1925             | *LIVIDA            |
| FERNALD.M.L.; WIEGAND,K.M.; LONG,B.; GILBERT-JR.,F.A. AND HOTCHKISS,N. |
| 27657                                                                  | 31 JUL 1925             | TERRAE-NOVAE       |
| FORD,C.                                                                |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1883?            | SCAPOSA            |
| FOWLER,J.                                                              |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1872             | *ADUSTA            |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1871             | *FOENEA            |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *MILIARIS          |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1872             | PROJECTA           |
| ---                                                                    | -- JUL 1870             | *STRAMINEA         |
| FRANK,J.C.                                                             |
| 55                                                                     | -- --- 1835             | FLACCIDULA         |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1835             | STEUDELII          |
| FRETZ,C.D.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1884             | *GRISEA            |
| FUNSTON,F.                                                             |
| 139                                                                    | 30 JUL 1893             | PHYSOCHLAENA       |
| GARBER,A.P.                                                            |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | 09 JUN 1869             | *AUREA             |
|                                                                        | 09 JUN 1869             | GARBERI            |
| GEYER,C.A.                                                             |
| 332                                                                    |                         | GEYERI             |
| GRANT,G.B.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | 01 MAY 1902             | FLACCIFOLIA        |
| GRIFFITH,W.                                                            |
| 78(KEW 6074)                                                           | ---                     | GRIFFITHII         |
| 96(KEW 6094)                                                           |                         | SANGUINEA          |
| HAENKE,T.                                                              |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | ANTHOXANTHERA      |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | PRESLII            |
| HALE,D.                                                                |
| 97                                                                     | ---                     | IGNOTA             |
| HALL,E.                                                                |
| 580                                                                    | -- --- 1871             | *DEWEYANA          |
| 606                                                                    | -- --- 1871             | HALLIANA           |
| 583                                                                    | 01 AUG 1871             | *LEPORINA          |
| 605                                                                    | -- --- 1871             | OREGONENSIS        |
| 583                                                                    | 01 AUG 1871             | PHAEOCEPHALA       |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1871             | VICARIA            |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1872             | *WILLDENOVII       |
| HALL,E. AND HARBOUR,J.P.                                               |
| 591                                                                    | -- --- 1862             | *BONPLANDII        |
| 617                                                                    | -- --- 1862             | HALLII             |
| 591                                                                    | -- --- 1862             | ILLOTA             |
| 587                                                                    | -- --- 1862             | VIOLACEA           |
| HALL,H.M.                                                              |
| 2483                                                                   | -- JUL-AUG 1901         | JACINTOENSIS       |
| 9781                                                                   | 25 JUL 1914             | TENERAEFORMIS      |
| HALL,H.M. AND BABCOCK,H.D.                                             |
| 5472                                                                   | -- JUL 1904             | LANCIFRUCTUS       |
| HALL,H.M. AND CHANDLER,H.A.                                            |
| 4716                                                                   | 01-02 AUG 1903          | LEPORINELLA        |
| HARPER,R.M.                                                            |
| 2109                                                                   | 09 APR 1904             | HARPERI            |
| 2159                                                                   | 26 APR 1904             | SMALLIANA          |
| HARTMAN,C.V.                                                           |
| 620                                                                    | 12 APR 1891             | CHIHUAHUAENSIS     |
| HASSE,H.E.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | -- JUL 1894             | HASSEI             |
| ---                                                                    | 01 MAY 1886             | *ROSEA             |
| HAY,G.U.                                                               |
| 84                                                                     | 24 JUL 1900             | *CANESCENS         |
| HAYDEN,F.V.                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1853             | *ARISTATA          |
| 580                                                                    | -- -                    | *DOUGLASII         |
| 21                                                                     | -- --- 1853-1854        | HAYDENII           |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | LAEVI-CONICA       |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | MEEKII             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | NEBRASKENSIS       |
| ---                                                                    | 20 JUN 1860             | RAYNOLDSII         |
| HELLER,A.A.                                                            |
| 10820                                                                  | 07 JUN 1913             | ABRUPT A           |
| 9429                                                                   | 11 AUG 1908             | FISSURICOLA        |
| 9975                                                                   | 23 JUL 1910             | HELLERI            |
| 9841                                                                   | 16 JUL 1909             | INTEGRA            |
| 5797                                                                   | 01 JUL 1902             | LACUNARUM          |
| HELLER,A.A.                                                            |
| 10052                                                                  | 20 MAY 1910             | LEPTOPODA          |
| 7187                                                                   | 17 AUG 1903             | *LUZULAEFOLIA      |
| 9067                                                                   | 21 JUL 1908             | MICROPTERA         |
| 7187                                                                   | 17 AUG 1903             | PSEUDOJAPONCA      |
| HENDERSON,L.F.                                                         |
| 13                                                                     | -- --- 1883             | ACUTINELLA         |
| 5583                                                                   | 25 JUL 1925             | EASTWOODIANA       |
| ---                                                                    | -- JUL 1884             | INOPS              |
| 1482                                                                   | 31 JUL 1886-20 AUG 1887 | PANSA              |
| HENRY,A.                                                               |
| 7860                                                                   | -- --- 1885-1888        | ICHANGENSIS        |
| 5467                                                                   | ---                     | LANCIFOLIA         |
| 4266                                                                   | ---                     | *LONGICRURIS       |
| 10839                                                                  | ---                     | PRAINII            |
| HENRY,J.K.                                                             |
| 9152                                                                   | 04 JUN 1915             | ARCTAEFORMIS       |
| HERMANN,F.J.                                                           |
| 13498                                                                  | 28 AUG 1956             | ATHABASCENSIS:     |
| 17059                                                                  | 15 AUG 1961             | *BIPARTITA         |
| 6147                                                                   | 05 JUL 1934             | X DEAMII           |
| 13529                                                                  | 28 AUG 1956             | EURYSTACHYA        |
| 13347                                                                  | 15 AUG 1956             | INCONDITA          |
| 7985                                                                   | 13 JUL 1936             | *INTERIOR          |
| 12252                                                                  | 21 AUG 1955             | LIMNOPHILA         |
| 5983                                                                   | 15 AUG 1933             | PELOCARPA          |
| 18120                                                                  | 21 AUG 1962             | PLECTOCARPA        |
| 13453                                                                  | 26 AUG 1956             | *PRATICOLA         |
| 6408                                                                   | 14 AUG 1934             | *VULPINOIOEA       |
| HOHENACKER,R.F.                                                        |
| 943                                                                    | -- --- 1851             | MERCARENSIS        |
| HOLLISTER,N.                                                           |
| 14                                                                     | 05 AUG 1911             | ATROSQUAMA         |
| HOSAKA,E.Y.                                                            |
| 594                                                                    | 04 JUL 1932             | *PLUVICA           |
| HOUGHTON,D.                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | 13 JUL 1832             | HOUGHTONIANA       |
| HOWE,E.C.                                                              |
| ---                                                                    | 30 MAY 1887             | ROSAEOIDES         |
| HOWELL,J.T.                                                            |
| 14546                                                                  | 11 AUG 1938             | DANAENS IS         |
| 24609                                                                  | 23 JUN 1948             | SPECUICOLA         |
| 14519                                                                  | 11 AUG 1938             | SUBNIGRICANS       |
| 35333                                                                  | 06 JUN 1960             | TOMPKINSI          |
| HOWELL,J.T. AND STACEY,J.W.                                            |
| 13042                                                                  | 06 JUN 1937             | SONOMENSIS         |
| HOWELL,T.J.                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | -- MAY 1880             | ACCEDENS           |
| 935                                                                    | 09 MAY 1885             | ACUTINA            |
| 2994                                                                   | -- MAY 1886             | BREVICAULIS        |
| HOWELL,T.J.                                                            |
| 937                                                                    | 27 MAY 1885             | *MARCIDA           |
| ---                                                                    | -- MAY 1880             | SPRETA             |
| ---                                                                    | -- MAY 1880             | *STYLOSA           |
| INGALLS,T.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | TURGESCENS         |
| JAMES,EDWIN                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | JAMESII            |
| JEPSON,W.L.                                                            |
| 4477                                                                   | 20 JUL 1911             | JEPSONII           |
| 4476                                                                   | 20 JUL 1911             | MARIPOSANA         |
| JOHNSON,W.M.                                                           |
| 594                                                                    | 14 AUG 1967             | *MICROPTERA        |
| JOHNSTON,I.M.                                                          |                         |                    |
| 1505                                                                   | 31 JUL 1917             | STENOPTERA         |
| JONES,M.E.                                                             |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | 12 JUL 1899             | ABORIGINUM         |
| 834                                                                    | 28 AUG 1878             | CRANDALLII         |
| ---                                                                    | 08 JUL 1909             | ELRODI             |
| 5345                                                                   | 01 JUN 1874             | EPAPILLOSA         |
| ---                                                                    | 22 JUL 1881             | JONESII            |
| KELLOGG,A.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | 03 AUG ----             | HETERONEURA        |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | KELLOGGII          |
| ---                                                                    | 10 JUL 1870             | NERVINA            |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | SUBFUSCA           |
| KELLOGG,A. AND HARFORD,W.G.W.                                          |
| 1073                                                                   | -- --- 1868-1869        | *FESTIVA           |
| 1073                                                                   | -- --- 1868-1869        | HARFORDII          |
| 1069                                                                   | -- --- 1868-1869        | *HOODII            |
| 1069                                                                   | -- --- 1868-1869        | *HOODII            |
| KELSO,L.                                                               |
| 4967                                                                   | 01 AUG 1945             | ELBERTANA          |
| 6362                                                                   | 24 JUL 1948             | ERXLEBENIANA       |
| 6058                                                                   | 03 JUL 1947             | UNCOMPAHGRE        |
| KELSO,L. AND KELSO,E.H.                                                |
| 525                                                                    | 08 AUG 1936             | HAGIANA            |
| KENNEDY,G.G.                                                           |
| ---                                                                    | 11 JUN 1899             | *VESTITA           |
| KINASH, N.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | -- JUL 1909             | CUNEATA            |
| KOYAMA,T.                                                              |
| ---                                                                    | 23 NOV 1958             | TAMAKII            |
| LEAVENWORTH,M.C.                                                       |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1846             | FLACCOSPERMA       |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1845             | LEAVENWORTHII      |
| LEAVENWORTH,M.C. AND HALE,D.                                           |
| 683                                                                    | ---                     | HALEI              |
| LECHLER,W.                                                             |
| 1136                                                                   | -- OCT 1852             | INCISO-DENTATA     |
| LEIBERG,J.B.                                                           |
| 335                                                                    | 26 JUN 1894             | PHAEOLEPIS         |
| 125                                                                    | 10 JUL 1895             | PRIONPHYLLA        |
| 2558                                                                   | 10 JUL 1896             | VAGANS             |
| LEMMON,J.G.                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1875             | LEMMONI            |
| 2                                                                      | 21 JUN 1882             | ULTRA              |
| LEPAGE,E.                                                              |
| 32078                                                                  | 30 JUL 1954             | X DUMANII          |
| 33131                                                                  | 27 JUL 1955             | X NUBENS           |
| LIPSKY, V.I.                                                           |
| 2732                                                                   | 19 JUL 1899             | PHILOCRENA         |
| LITVINOV,D.I.                                                          |
| 153                                                                    | -- --- 1897             | *STENOPHYLLA       |
| LONG,B.                                                                |
| F23212                                                                 | 15 JUN 1920             | CAESARIENSIS       |
| LYALL,DAVID                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1861             | *ACUTA             |
| MACBRIDF.,J.F. AND PAYSON,E.B.                                         |
| 3778                                                                   | 13 AUG 1916             | PROPOSITA          |
| MACDANIELS,L.H.                                                        |
| 1542                                                                   | 15 MAY 1927             | TAHITENSIS         |
| MACKENZIE,K.K.                                                         |
| 2676                                                                   | 23 JUN 1907             | AESTIVALIFORMIS    |
| 2088                                                                   | 10 JUN 1906             | CONVOLUTA          |
| 4645                                                                   | 26 JUN 1910             | CRYPTOLEPIS        |
| ---                                                                    | 30 MAY 1897             | MOLESTA            |
| 167                                                                    | -- AUG 1901             | PERGLOBOSA         |
| 9871                                                                   | -- MAY 1911             | RUGOSPERMA         |
| MACOUN,J.M.                                                            |
| 33728                                                                  | 12 JUL 1901             | *SCIRPOIDEA        |
| MACOUN,JOHN                                                            |
| 13401                                                                  | 26 JUL 1887             | ABLATA             |
| 52                                                                     | 14 JUN 1879             | ASSINIBOINENSIS    |
| 6                                                                      | 01 AUG 1882             | *CRAWFORDII        |
| 1665                                                                   | 12 AUG 1872             | ELEOCHARIS         |
| ---                                                                    | 31 JUL 1891             | INCURVIFORMIS      |
| 53877                                                                  | 14 AUG 1902             | MICROCHAETA        |
| 22                                                                     | 04 JUL 1899             | *MIRABILIS         |
| ---                                                                    | 31 MAY 1887             | PIPERI             |
| ---                                                                    | 31 MAY 1887             | *PRATENSIS         |
| 26624                                                                  | 24 JUN 1901             | *STRAMINEA         |
| ---                                                                    | 04 JUL 1879             | XERANTICA          |
| MAGUIRE,B.                                                             |
| 16098                                                                  | 05 AUG 1938             | INTERIMUS          |
| MAGUIRE,B. AND HOLMGREN,A.H.                                           |
| 21947                                                                  | 16 JUL 1943             | *CAMPYLOCARPA      |
| MAGUIRE,B. AND MAGUIRE,R.R.                                            |
| 14668                                                                  | 16 AUG 1936             | RACHILLIS          |
| MAGUIRE,B.; HOBSON,D.A. AND MAGUIRE,R.R.                               |
| 14013                                                                  | 16 JUL 1936             | *VERNACULA         |
| MANDON,G.                                                              |
| 1429                                                                   | ---                     | MANDONIANA         |
| MAR IE-VICTOR IN,(FRERE)                                               |                         |                    |
| 4021                                                                   | -- JUN 1917             | *PAUPERCULA        |
| MARIE-VICTORIN,(FRERE) AND ROLLAND-GERMAIN,(FREE )                     |
| 25767                                                                  | 20 JUL 1926             | *INFLATA           |
| MCCALLA,W.C.                                                           |
| 2348                                                                   | 28 JUL 1899             | SCIRPIFORMIS       |
| MEAD,S.B.                                                              |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | ILLINOENSIS        |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | MEADII             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *RICHARDSONII      |
| MERRILL,E.D.                                                           |
| 10985                                                                  | 12 AUG 1917             | BAMBUSETORUM       |
| 6505                                                                   | -- MAY 1909             | *BRUNNEA           |
| 6623                                                                   | -- MAY 1909             | MERRILLII          |
| 543                                                                    | --APR 1910              | PYCNOTHYSOS        |
| 4730                                                                   | -- OCT-NOV 1905         | SUBTRANSVERSA      |
| MERTENS,C.H.                                                           |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | LEIOCARPA          |
| MOHR,C.                                                                |
| ---                                                                    | 26 APR 1897             | *STIPATA           |
| MOORE, J.A. AND STEYERMARK, J.A.                                       |
| 3625                                                                   | 25 JUL 1931             | MURICULATA         |
| MULLER,C.H.                                                            |
| 3520                                                                   | 27 SEP 1939             | PERCOSTATA         |
| MULLER,C.H. AND MULLER,M.T.                                            |
| 892                                                                    | 28 JUN 1934             | MACKENZIANA        |
| MUTIS,J.C.                                                             |
| KILLIP NO.5715                                                         | -- --- 1760-1808        | *PIRCHINCHENSIS    |
| NELSON,A.                                                              |
| 7124                                                                   | 11 JUN 1900             | BREVISQUAMA        |
| 3275                                                                   | 02 JUL 1897             | FESTIVELLA         |
| 7316                                                                   | 29 JUN 1900             | SIMULATA           |
| NELSON,A. AND MACBRIDE,J.F.                                            |
| 1533                                                                   | 01 AUG 1911             | APODA              |
| NELSON,A. AND NELSON,E.                                                |
| 5264                                                                   | 30 AUG 1898             | NELSONII           |
| NUTTALL,T.                                                             |
| 17                                                                     | ---                     | NUTTALLII          |
| OHWI,J.                                                                |
| 4182                                                                   | -- JUL 1933             | APODOSTACHYA       |
| 329                                                                    | -- MAR 1933             | HATUSIMANA         |
| 813                                                                    | 11 AUG 1931             | KURILENSIS         |
| 29                                                                     | 04 MAY 1931             | RUGATA             |
| OLNEY,S.T.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | 01 JUL 1867             | HORMATHODES        |
| PAINE,J,A.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *VAGINATA          |
| PALMER,E.                                                              |
| 546                                                                    | -- JUN 1890             | *NUDATA            |
| PARISH,S.B.                                                            |
| 2485                                                                   | 03 JUL 1892             | AUSTROMONTANA      |
| 3609                                                                   | -- JUN 1895             | MULTICOSTATA       |
| 4144                                                                   | 04-13 APR 1896          | VITREA             |
| PARRY,C.C.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1850             | BARBARAE           |
| PARRY,C.C. AND LEMMON,J.G.                                             |
| 396                                                                    | -- --- 1876             | ALMA               |
| PAYSON,E.B. AND PAYSON,L.B.                                            |
| 2224                                                                   | 06 AUG 1920             | PAYSONIS           |
| PEASE,A.S. AND LONG,B.                                                 |
| 20519                                                                  | 09 JUL 1920             | *LASIOCARPA        |
| PECK,C.H.                                                              |
| ---                                                                    | -- JUN 1894             | *ROSEA             |
| 5                                                                      | -- JUN 1893             | *ROSEA             |
| ---                                                                    | -- JUN 1894             | *STIPATA           |
| ---                                                                    | -- JUN 1892             | *TORTA             |
| PECK,M.E.                                                              |
| 13                                                                     | 13 AUG 1917             | PRAECEPTORIUM      |
| PETELOT,P.A.                                                           |
| 5325                                                                   | -- JUL 1930             | TRICHOPHYLLA       |
| PETRIE,D.                                                              |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | KALOIDES           |
| ---                                                                    | -- JAN 1880             | LONGICULMIS        |
| PITTIER,H. AND TOPNDUZ,A.                                              |
| 3376                                                                   | 19 JAN 1891             | DURANDII           |
| 3381                                                                   | 19 JAN 1891             | *LEMANNIANA        |
| PORSILD,A.E.                                                           |
| 173                                                                    | 26 AUG 1937             | MORRISSEYI         |
| PORSILD,A.E. AND PORSILD,R.T.                                          |
| 5120                                                                   | 02 AUG 1928             | *ATROFUSCA         |
| 711                                                                    | 23 JUN-05 JUL 1926      | KOKRINENSIS        |
| 713                                                                    | 23 JUN-05 JUL 1926      | MELOZITNENSIS      |
| PORTER,T.C.                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *DEBILIS           |
| ---                                                                    | 26-29 JUN 1871          | HALLII             |
| ---                                                                    | 28 AUG 1871             | PORTERI            |
| PREISS,L.                                                              |
| 1825                                                                   | ---                     | PREISSII           |
| 1861                                                                   | -- JUL 1839             | PREISSII           |
| PRINGLE,C.G.                                                           |
| 4275                                                                   | 03 OCT 1892             | AUTUMNALIS         |
| 4839                                                                   | 19 AUG 1894             | AZTECICA           |
| 10039                                                                  | 26 AUG 1905             | CILIARIS           |
| 4838                                                                   | 25 AUG 1894             | FELIPENSIS         |
| PRINGLE,C.G.                                                           |
| ---                                                                    | 23 AUG 1881             | FRACTA             |
| 4839                                                                   | 19 AUG 1894             | FUSCOTINCTA        |
| 3126                                                                   | 08 JUL 1890             | INVOLUCRATELLA     |
| 4840                                                                   | 27 AUG 1894             | MACROSPERMA        |
| 4842                                                                   | 29 AUG 1894             | OAXACANA           |
| 8863                                                                   | 02 JUN 1904             | PERLONGA           |
| 2630                                                                   | 05 JUN 1889             | PERSTRICTA         |
| 4685                                                                   | 08 JUN 1894             | * PINETORUM        |
| 3801                                                                   | 04 AUG 1891             | PRINGLEI           |
| ---                                                                    | 19 AUG 1881             | *SCIRPOIDEA        |
| 7452                                                                   | 24 JUN 1897             | SEATONIANA         |
| PYRON,J.H. AND MCVAUGH,R.                                              |
| 2951                                                                   | 15 MAY 1938             | AMPLISQUAMA        |
| RAMOS,M.                                                               |
| BUR. SCI. 1434                                                         | -- AUG 1906             | RAMOSII            |
| RAUP,H.M. AND SOPER,J.H.                                               |
| 9534                                                                   | 18 JUL 1939             | SOPERI             |
| RAY,J.D.; WOOD,C.E.; SMITH,A.C. AND EATON,R.J.                         |
| 10750                                                                  | 26 APR 1961             | *FISSA             |
| RICH,W.P.                                                              |
| ---                                                                    | 05 JUN 1894             | *TENERA            |
| RICH,WILLIAM                                                           |
| WILKES EXPED. 1241                                                     | -- --- 1838-1842        | LACINIATA          |
| RICHARDSON,J.                                                          |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | ARCTICA            |
| 417                                                                    | ---                     | BACKANA            |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | BACKII             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | DURIFOLIA          |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | FESTIVA            |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | HOOKERANA          |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | PARRYANA           |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | PODOCARPA          |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | RICHARDSONII       |
| ROACH,A.W.                                                             |
| 202                                                                    | 10 JUN 1949             | DIVERSISTYLIS      |
| ROCK,J.F.                                                              |
| 9017                                                                   | -- OCT 1909             | KAUAIENSIS         |
| ROSE,J.N.                                                              |
| 2357                                                                   | 16 AUG 1897             | MADRENSIS          |
| ROSE,J.N.; PAINTER,J.H. AND ROSE,J.S.                                  |
| 9019                                                                   | -- --- 1905             | STELLATA           |
| ROUSSEAU,J.                                                            |
| 24989                                                                  | 27 JUL 1926             | *OEDERI            |
| RUSBY,H.H.                                                             |
| 859                                                                    | -- --- 1883             | RUSBYI             |
| RUTH,A.                                                                |
| 360                                                                    | 12 APR 1913             | BULBOSTYLIS        |
| 458                                                                    | 24 APR 1914             | ONUSTA             |
| ---                                                                    | -- JUL 1900             | RUTHII             |
| RYDBERG,P.A.                                                           |
| 2339                                                                   | 07 AUG 1895             | IDAHOA             |
| SANDBERG,J.H.                                                          |
| 933                                                                    | 20 AUG 1892             | *HINDSII           |
| SANDBERG,J.H. AND LEIBERG,J.B.                                         |
| 194                                                                    | 09 JUN 1893             | *NEBRASKENSIS      |
| 773                                                                    | 18 AUG 1893             | NEUROPHORA         |
| SARTWELL,H.P.                                                          |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | ALOPECOIDEA        |
| 56                                                                     | ---                     | AQUATILIS          |
| 56                                                                     | ---                     | *AQUATILIS         |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *CEPHALOPHORA      |
| 108                                                                    | -- --- 1848             | COMMUNIS           |
| 78                                                                     | ---                     | *CRINITA           |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | FORMOSA            |
| 36                                                                     | ---                     | INTERIOR           |
| 12                                                                     | ---                     | SARTWELLII         |
| 72                                                                     | ---                     | SCABRIOR           |
| 35                                                                     | ---                     | *STERILIS          |
| 138                                                                    | ---                     | *TENTACULATA       |
| SAVATIER,L.                                                            |
| 1414                                                                   | -- --- 1866-1874        | MACROGLOSSA        |
| 1404                                                                   | -- --- 1866-1874        | *NUTANS            |
| 2059                                                                   | -- --- 1866-1874        | PLANATA            |
| 1413                                                                   | -- --- 1866-1874        | PODOGYNA           |
| SCHAFFNER.J.G.                                                         |
| 221                                                                    | -- --- 1877             | FUSCOLUTEA         |
| 546                                                                    | -- --- 1877             | POTOSINA           |
| 546                                                                    | -- --- 1877             | SCHAFFNERI         |
| SCHNEIDER,C.                                                           |
| 2738                                                                   | 06 AUG 1914             | SCHNEIDERI         |
| SCHNEIDER,R.A.                                                         |
| 954                                                                    | 25 JUL 1938             | *EGGLESTONII       |
| SCHWEINITZ,L.D.                                                        |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | COSTATA            |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | GRACILLIMA         |
| SCOTT,(MISS)                                                           |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1880             | PRAEGRACILIS       |
| SCOULER,J.                                                             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | APERTA             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | COLUMBIANA         |
| 296                                                                    | ---                     | SCOULERI           |
| SEKIMOTO,H.                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | 15 JUL 1932             | HYMENODON          |
| SHARP,A.J.                                                             |
| 45450                                                                  | 29 APR 1945             | ATRACTODES         |
| 45144                                                                  | 07 FEB 1945             | QUICHENSIS         |
| SHELDON,E.P.                                                           |
| 8854                                                                   | 09 SEP 1897             | SHELDONII          |
| SMITH,C.P.                                                             |
| 1055                                                                   | 24 JUL 1905             | MONTEREYENSIS      |
| SMITH,J.D. AND TURCKHEIM,H.                                            |
| 659                                                                    | -- JUN 1885             | DONNELL-SMITHII    |
| SMITH,S.J. AND DUNCAN,W.H.                                             |
| 4872                                                                   | 06 APR 1949             | *WILLDENOWII       |
| ST.JOHN,H.                                                             |
| 18330                                                                  | 18 AUG 1937             | VITIENSIS          |
| ST.JOHN,H. AND FERNALD,M.L.                                            |
| 10801                                                                  | 16-17 JUL 1914          | MISANDROIDES       |
| STEELE,E.S.                                                            |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1896             | ANGUSTIOR          |
| ---                                                                    | 23 MAY 1898             | MEDITERRANIA       |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1900             | MESOCHOREA         |
| STEYERMARK,J.A.                                                        |
| 53105                                                                  | 15 JUN 1943             | AZUAYAE            |
| 48347                                                                  | 07 JUL 1942             | CUCHUMATANENSIS    |
| 62605                                                                  | 06 MAY 1945             | CULMENICOLA        |
| 49055                                                                  | 18 JUL 1942             | HUEHUETECA         |
| 55470                                                                  | 11 FEB 1944             | LARENSIS           |
| 58870                                                                  | 28 SEP 1944             | RORAIMENSIS        |
| 48542                                                                  | 14 JUL 1942             | STEYERMARKII       |
| 57367                                                                  | 15 JUL 1944             | TACHIRENSIS        |
| 57401                                                                  | 15 JUL 1944             | TAMANA             |
| 50150                                                                  | 06 AUG 1942             | TOJQUIANENSIS      |
| 53095                                                                  | 15 JUN 1943             | TOREADORA          |
| 48334                                                                  | 07 JUL 1942             | TUNIMANENSIS       |
| 62705                                                                  | 10 MAY 1945             | TURUMIQUIRENSIS    |
| 48554                                                                  | 14 JUL 1942             | VENOSIVAGINATA     |
| SUKSDORF,W.N.                                                          |
| 12347                                                                  | ---                     | *APERTA            |
| 12348                                                                  | 15 SEP-23 OCT 1927      | *APERTA            |
| 12359                                                                  | 23 OCT 1927             | *APERTA            |
| 6864                                                                   | 16 AUG 1909             | CTJNSTANCEANA      |
| 5181                                                                   | 15 JUL 1905             | EGREGIA            |
| 1284                                                                   | 26 JUN 1886             | EURYCARPA          |
| 11551                                                                  | 21 AUG 1924             | *EURYCARPA         |
| 12333                                                                  | 22 AUG-05 SEP 1927      | *INTERRUPTA        |
| 10249                                                                  | 22 JUN 1919             | *NEBRASKENSIS      |
| 816                                                                    | 02 JUN 1885             | OXYCARPA           |
| 1296                                                                   | 13 AUG 1897             | PADDOENSIS         |
| 1315                                                                   | -- JUL 1883             | SUBORBICULATA      |
| 7383                                                                   | 27 AUG 1912             | SUKSDORFII         |
| 5259                                                                   | 21 AUG-20 SEP 1905      | *SUKSDORFII        |
| SULLIVANT,W.S.                                                         |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *ALATA             |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | CONJUNCTA          |
| SVENSON,H.K.                                                           |
| 10469                                                                  | 12 JUL 1939             | *OXYLEPIS          |
| TAAM,Y.W.                                                              |                         |                    |
| 502                                                                    | 1-16 APR 1938           | SURCULOSA          |
| TAK,T.W. AND CHOW,W.K.                                                 |                         |                    |
| 3202                                                                   | 20 NOV 1926             | OBLANCEOLATA       |
| THURBER,G.                                                             |                         |                    |
| 652                                                                    | ---                     | *GAYANA            |
| ---                                                                    | -- JUN 1850             | THURBERI           |
| TORREY,J.                                                              |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | 03 AUG 1839             | HETEROSTACHYA      |
| TOWNSEND,C.H.T. AND BARBER,C.M.                                        |                         |                    |
| 157                                                                    | 21 JUL 1899             | TOWNSENDII         |
| TRACY,J.P.                                                             |                         |                    |
| 4547                                                                   | 04 JUL 1914             | TRACYI             |
| 3783                                                                   | 21 JUL 1912             | UNILATERALIS       |
| TRACY,S.M.                                                             |                         |                    |
| 17                                                                     | 23 MAY 1888             | *STRAMINEA         |
| TSAI,H.T.                                                              |                         |                    |
| 62809                                                                  | -- --- 1934             | ZIZANIAEFOLIA      |
| TSUI,T.M.                                                              |                         |                    |
| 74                                                                     | -- MAR-APR 1932         | *RUBRO-BRUNNEA     |
| TUCKERMAN,E.                                                           |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | ARGYRANTHA         |
| ---                                                                    | -- JUN 1864             | GLAUCODEA          |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *SCOPARIA          |
| ----                                                                   | ----                    | *SCOPARIA          |
| UNDERWOOD,L.M.                                                         |                         |                    |
| 158                                                                    | 29 JAN 1903             | UNDERWOODII        |
| VAHL,J.                                                                |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | PRATENSIS          |
| VASEY,G.                                                               |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *HIRSUTA           |
| VENTURI,S.                                                             |                         |                    |
| 6491                                                                   | 15 FEB 1927             | *PHALAROIDES       |
| 8650                                                                   | -- --- 1929             | SALTAENSIS         |
| VREELAND,F.K.                                                          |                         |                    |
| 1121                                                                   | 19 AUG 1901             | HOLMIANA           |
| WARE,R.A.; ROLLINS,S. AND KNIGHT,O.W.                                  |                         |                    |
| 5066                                                                   | 05 JUL 1906             | *TRISPERMA         |
| WATERFALL,U.T.                                                         |                         |                    |
| 11380                                                                  | 19 APR 1953             | LATEBRACTEATA      |
| WATSON,S.                                                              |                         |                    |
| 1231A                                                                  | -- AUG 1869             | *CANESCENS         |
| 1246                                                                   | -- MAY 1868             | WATSONI            |
| WERDERMANN,E.                                                          |                         |                    |
| 1687                                                                   | -- MAR 1925             | WERDERMANNII       |
| WHEELER,C.F.                                                           |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | 28 JUN 1890             | *TENUIFLORA        |
| WIEGAND,K.M. AND THOMAS,C.C.                                           |                         |                    |
| 1915                                                                   | 15 JUN 1914             | *AMPHIBOLA         |
| WILKES EXPLOR. EXPED.                                                  |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1838-1842        | HEBETATA           |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1838-1842        | *MICROGLOCHIN      |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1838-1842        | OLIGANTHA          |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1838-1842        | WILKESII           |
| WILLIAMS,E.F.                                                          |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | -- AUG 1900             | *VESICARIA         |
| WILLIAMS,E.F.; CHURCHILL,J.R. AND FERNALD,M.L.                         |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | 16 JUL 1900             | KATAHDINENSIS      |
| WILLIAMS,E.F.; COLLINS,J.F. AND FERNALD,M.L.                           |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | 12-15 JUL 1905          | *DEWEYANA          |
| 110                                                                    | 19 JUL 1902             | X TRICHINA         |
| WILLIAMS,L.O.                                                          |                         |                    |
| 13178                                                                  | 06 JUL 1947             | STANDLEYANA        |
| WILLIAMS,R.S.                                                          |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | 18 JUN 1899             | BONANZENSIS        |
| ---                                                                    | 07 JUN 1893             | CONCINNOIDES       |
| ---                                                                    | 11 AUG 1894             | STANTONENSIS       |
| ---                                                                    | 12 JUN 1899             | WILLIAMSII         |
| ---                                                                    | 18 JUN 1899             | YUKONENSIS         |
| WILLIAMS,T.A.                                                          |                         |                    |
| 2951                                                                   | 19 AUG 1897             | PLATYLEPIS         |
| WOOD,W.A.                                                              |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | RETROCURVA         |
| WOOTON,E.O.                                                            |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | 28 JUL 1900             | AGROSTOIDES        |
| WRIGHT,C.                                                              |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | -- JUN 1855             | CONFERTIFLORA      |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | MICANS             |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1853-1856        | NANA               |
| ---                                                                    | -- --- 1853-1856        | PAPULOSA           |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | PARCIFLORA         |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | PICTA              |
| 1561                                                                   | -- --- 1850             | WRIGHTII           |
| WRIGHT,S.H.                                                            |                         |                    |
| ---                                                                    | ---                     | *STRICTA           |
| ---                                                                    |                         | ---                |

**GEOGRAPHIC INDEX**
| COUNTRY                 | STATE                 | TAXON                   |
|-------------------------|-----------------------|-------------------------|
| AFGHANISTAN             |                       | GRIFFITHII              |
|                         |                       | SANGUINEA               |
| ARGENTINA               | JUJUY                 | *PHALAROIDES            |
|                         | SALTA                 | SALTAENSIS              |
|                         | TIERRA DEL FUEGO (TER | BANKSII                 |
| AUSTRALIA               |                       | PREISSII                |
|                         | WESTERN AUSTRALIA     | PREISSII                |
| BOLIVIA                 |                       | *CLADOSTACHYA           |
|                         |                       | *JAMESONI               |
|                         |                       | MANDONIANA              |
| BRAZIL                  | RIO DE JANEIRO        | *PURPUREOVAGINATA       |
| BRITISH HONDURAS        | CAYO                  | BARTLETTII              |
| CANADA                  |                       | PARRYANA                |
|                         |                       | PODOCARPA               |
|                         |                       | RICHARDSONII            |
|                         | ALBERTA               | ATHABASCENSIS           |
|                         | ALBERTA               | ATROSQUAMA              |
|                         | ALBERTA               | EURYSTACHYA             |
|                         | ALBERTA               | INCONDITA               |
|                         | ALBERTA               | INCURVIFORMIS           |
|                         | ALBERTA               | *PRATICOLA              |
|                         | ALBERTA               | SCIRPIFORMIS            |
|                         | BRITISH COLUMBIA      | ABLATA                  |
|                         | BRITISH COLUMBIA      | ARCTAEFORMIS            |
|                         | BRITISH COLUMBIA      | PIPERI                  |
|                         | BRITISH COLUMBIA      | *PRATENSIS              |
|                         | BRITISH COLUMBIA      | *SCIRPOIDEA             |
|                         | MANITOBA              | ASSINIBOINENSIS         |
|                         | MANITOBA              | DUTILLYI                |
|                         | MANITOBA              | *LONGIROSTRIS           |
|                         | NEW BRUNSWICK         | *ADUSTA                 |
|                         | NEW BRUNSWICK         | *CANESCENS              |
|                         | NEW BRUNSWICK         | *FOENEA                 |
|                         | NEW BRUNSWICK         | *MILIARIS               |
|                         | NEW BRUNSWICK         | *MIRABILIS              |
|                         | NEW BRUNSWICK         | PROJECTA                |
|                         | NEW BRUNSWICK         | *STRAMINEA              |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | *HORNSCHUCHIANA         |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | *HOSTIANA               |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | LANGEANA                |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | *LIVIDA                 |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | MISANDROIDES            |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | MORRISSEYI              |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | X NEOFILIPENDULA        |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | *PALLESCENS             |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | X PSEUDO-FULVA          |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | *SCOPARIA               |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | TERRAE-NOVAE            |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | *VESICARIA              |
| CANADA                  | NEWFOUNDLAND          | WIEGANDII               |
|                         | NEWFOUNDLAND          | X XANTHINA              |
|                         | NORTHWEST TERRITORIES | *ATROFUSCA              |
|                         | NORTHWEST TERRITORIES | SOPERI                  |
|                         | NOVA SCOTIA           | *CUMULATA               |
|                         | NOVA SCOTIA           | *LASIOCARPA             |
|                         | NOVA SCOTIA           | *SCOPARIA               |
|                         | ONTARIO               | *STRAMINEA              |
|                         | QUEBEC                | CLIVICOLA               |
|                         | QUEBEC                | *CRAWFORDII             |
|                         | QUEBEC                | *DEWEYANA               |
|                         | QUEBEC                | X DUMANII               |
|                         | QUEBEC                | X EXSALINA              |
|                         | QUEBEC                | *FLAVA                  |
|                         | QUEBEC                | *GARBERI                |
|                         | QUEBEC                | *GLAREOSA               |
|                         | QUEBEC                | *INFLATA                |
|                         | QUEBEC                | X NEOBIGELOWII          |
|                         | QUEBEC                | X NEOPALEACEA           |
|                         | QUEBEC                | X NUBENS                |
|                         | QUEBEC                | *DEDERI                 |
|                         | QUEBEC                | X PATUENSIS             |
|                         | QUEBEC                | *PAUPERCULA             |
|                         | QUEBEC                | X QUEBECENSIS           |
|                         | QUEBEC                | *X SAXENII              |
|                         | QUEBEC                | *VIRIDULA               |
|                         | SASKATCHEWAN          | ARCTICA                 |
|                         | SASKATCHEWAN          | BACKANA                 |
|                         | SASKATCHEWAN          | BACKII                  |
|                         | SASKATCHEWAN          | DURIFOLIA               |
|                         | SASKATCHEWAN          | ELEOCHARIS              |
|                         | SASKATCHEWAN          | HOOKERANA               |
|                         | SASKATCHEWAN          | XERANTICA               |
|                         | YUKON TERRITORY       | BONANZENSIS             |
|                         | YUKON TERRITORY       | LEIOPHYLLA              |
|                         | YUKON TERRITORY       | MICROCHAETA             |
|                         | YUKON TERRITORY       | WILLIAMSII              |
|                         | YUKON TERRITORY       | YUKONENSIS              |
| CHILE                   |                       | INCISO-DENTATA          |
|                         | LLANQUIHUE            | WERDERMANNII            |
|                         | MAGALLANES            | *MICROGLOCHIN           |
|                         | MAGALLANES            | OLIGANTHA               |
| CHINA                   | HUPEH                 | ICHANGENSIS             |
|                         | HUPEH                 | LANCIFOLIA              |
|                         | HUPEH                 | *LONGICRURIS            |
|                         | HUPEH AND HONAN       | CHIKUNGANA              |
|                         | KIANGSI               | KULINGANA               |
|                         | KWANGTUNG             | BAMBUSETORUM            |
|                         | KWANGTUNG             | OBLANCEOLATA            |
| CHINA                   | KWANGTUNG             | *RUBRO-BRUNNEA          |
|                         | KWANGTUNG             | SCAPOSA                 |
|                         | KWANGTUNG             | SURCULOSA               |
|                         | KWANGTUNG             | TSOI                    |
|                         | SZECHWAN              | FARGESII                |
|                         | YUNNAN                | PRAINII                 |
|                         | YUNNAN                | PTEROLEPTA              |
|                         | YUNNAN                | SCHNEIDERI              |
|                         | YUNNAN                | ZIZANIAEFOLIA           |
| COLOMBIA                |                       | *PIRCHINCHENSIS         |
| COSTA RICA              |                       | DURANDII*LEMANNIANA     |
| CUBA                    | ORIENTE               | CUBENSIS                |
| ECUADOR                 | AZUAY                 | AZUAYAE                 |
|                         | AZUAY                 | TOREADORA               |
| FIJI                    |                       | VITIENSIS               |
| FRENCH POLYNESIA        |                       | TAHITENSIS              |
| GREENLAND               |                       | PRATENSIS               |
| GUATEMALA               | ALTA VERAPAZ          | DONNELL-SMITHII         |
|                         | HUEHUETENANGO         | CUCHUMATANENSIS         |
|                         | HUEHUETENANGO         | GUATEMALENSIS           |
|                         | HUEHUETENANGO         | HUEHUETECA              |
|                         | HUEHUETENANGO         | STEYERMARKII            |
|                         | HUEHUETENANGO         | TOJQUIANENSIS           |
|                         | HUEHUETENANGO         | TUNIMANENSIS            |
|                         | HUEHUETENANGO         | VENOSIVAGINATA          |
|                         | JALAPA                | STANDLEYANA             |
|                         | QUICHE                | QUICHENSIS              |
| HAITI                   |                       | *CUBENSIS*EKMANII       |
|                         | OUEST                 | EKMANII                 |
| INDIA                   |                       | MERCARENSIS             |
| INDONESIA               | WEST NEW GUINEA       | ACROPHILA               |
|                         | WEST NEW GUINEA       | EREMOSTACHYA            |
|                         | WEST NEW GUINEA       | MELANOPHORA             |
|                         | WEST NEW GUINEA       | PERILEIA                |
| JAMAICA                 |                       | UNDERWOODII             |
| JAPAN                   |                       | HYMENODON MICANS RUGATA |
|                         | AOMORI (PREFECTURE)   | CUNEATA                 |
|                         | HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE) | CONFERTIFLORA           |
|                         | HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE) | NANA                    |
|                         | HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE) | PAPULOSA                |
|                         | HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE) | PARCIFLORA              |
|                         | HOKKAIDO (PREFECTURE) | PICTA                   |
|                         | KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE) | MACROGLOSSA             |
|                         | KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE) | *NUTANS                 |
|                         | KANAGAWA (PREFECTURE) | PLANATA                 |
| JAPAN                   | TOKYO (PREFECTURE)    | PODOGYNA                |
| KOREA                   |                       | MICRANTHA               |
| MALAYSIA                | SABAH (TERRITORY)     | EXPLORATORUM            |
| MEXICO                  | CHIAPAS               | ATRACTODES              |
|                         | CHIAPAS               | CHIAPENSIS              |
|                         | CHIHUAHUA             | CHIHUAHUAENSIS          |
|                         | CHIHUAHUA             | PERCOSTATA              |
|                         | CHIHUAHUA             | TOWNSENDII              |
|                         | DURANGO               | MADRENSIS               |
|                         | HIDALGO               | CILIARIS                |
|                         | HIDALGO               | PERLONGA                |
|                         | HIDALGO               | SEATONIANA              |
|                         | HIDALGO               | STELLATA                |
|                         | MEXICO                | AUTUMNALIS              |
|                         | MICHOACAN             | ARSENII                 |
|                         | NUEVO LEON            | *EGGLESTONII            |
|                         | NUEVO LEON            | MACKENZIANA             |
|                         | NUEVO LEON            | PERSTRICTA              |
|                         | OAXACA                | AZTECICA                |
|                         | OAXACA                | FELIPENSIS              |
|                         | OAXACA                | FUSCOTINCTA             |
|                         | OAXACA                | MACROSPERMA             |
|                         | OAXACA                | OAXACANA                |
|                         | OAXACA                | *PINETORUM              |
|                         | PUEBLA                | CONSPECTA               |
|                         | SAN LUIS POTOSI       | FUSCOLUTEA              |
|                         | SAN LUIS POTOSI       | INVOLUCRATELLA          |
|                         | SAN LUIS POTOSI       | POTOSINA                |
|                         | SAN LUIS POTQSI       | PRINGLEI                |
|                         | SAN LUIS POTOSI       | SCHAFFNERI              |
|                         | SONORA                | *GAYANA                 |
|                         | SONORA                | THURBERI                |
| NEW ZEALAND             | CANTERBURY (DISTRICT) | *COMANS                 |
|                         | CANTERBURY (DISTRICT) | PETRIEI                 |
|                         | NELSON (DISTRICT)     | DEVIA                   |
|                         | OTAGO (DISTRICT)      | KALOIDES                |
|                         | OTAGO (DISTRICT)      | LONGICULMIS             |
| PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA    | NORTH-EAST NEW GUINEA | SARAWAKETENSIS          |
|                         | PAPUA (TERRITORY)     | BREVIS                  |
|                         | PAPUA (TERRITORY)     | LAMPROCHLAMYS           |
| PERU                    | LIMA                  | HEBETATA                |
| PHILIPPINES             | BATAAN                | RHYNCHACHAENIUM         |
|                         | BENGUET               | *BRUNNEA                |
|                         | BENGUET               | ELMERI                  |
|                         | BENGUET               | MERRILLII               |
|                         | BENGUET               | SUBTRANSVERSA           |
|                         | NEGROS OCCIDENTAL     | PYCNOTHYSOS             |
|                         | PALAWAN               | PALAWANENSIS            |
|                         | RIZAL                 | RAMOSII                 |
| RYUKYU ISLANDS          | OKINAWA (PREFECTURE)  | TAMAKII                 |
|                         | OKINAWA (PREFECTURE)  | TETSUOI                 |
| SOUTH AFRICA            |                       | BURCHELLIANA            |
| ST. PIERRE AND MIQUELON |                       | FULVESCENS              |
| SWITZERLAND             | VALAIS (CANTON)       | *FLAVA                  |
| TAIWAN                  |                       | APODOSTACHYA            |
|                         | FUKIEN                | HATUSIMANA              |
| USA                     |                       | *CANESCENS              |
|                         |                       | COLUMBIANA              |
|                         |                       | FRANKLINII              |
|                         |                       | GEYERI                  |
|                         |                       | JAMESII                 |
|                         |                       | NUTTALLII               |
|                         |                       | PETASATA                |
|                         |                       | PETRICOSA               |
|                         |                       | *UMBELLATA              |
|                         | ALABAMA               | *STIPATA                |
|                         | ALASKA                | ANTHOXANTHERA           |
|                         | ALASKA                | CIRCINNATA              |
|                         | ALASKA                | JACOBI-PETERI           |
|                         | ALASKA                | KOKRINENSIS             |
|                         | ALASKA                | LEIOCARPA               |
|                         | ALASKA                | MELOZITNENSIS           |
|                         | ALASKA                | NIGRICANS               |
|                         | ALASKA                | PACHYSTACHYA            |
|                         | ALASKA                | PHYSOCHLAENA            |
|                         | ALASKA                | PRESLII                 |
|                         | ARIZONA               | CURATORIUM              |
|                         | ARIZONA               | *NUDATA                 |
|                         | ARIZONA               | RUSBYI                  |
|                         | ARIZONA               | SPECUICOLA              |
|                         | ARIZONA               | ULTRA                   |
|                         | ARKANSAS              | BUSHII                  |
|                         | ARKANSAS              | *ROSEA                  |
|                         | BRITISH COLUMBIA      | SCOULERI                |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | ABRAMSII                |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | ABRUPTA                 |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | AEQUA                   |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | ALBIDA                  |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | ALMA                    |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | ATHROSTACHYA            |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | ATHROSTACHYA            |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | AUSTROMONTANA           |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | BARBARAE                |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | BRAINERDII              |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | BREWERI                 |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | *BRONGNIARTII           |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | CALIFORNICA             |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | CINNAMOMEA              |
| USA                     | CALIFORNIA            | DANAENSIS               |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | DAVYI                   |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | DEBILIFORMIS            |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | CUOLEYI                 |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | *ECHINATA               |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | *FESTIVA                |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | FETA                    |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | *FILIFOLIA              |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | FLACCIFOLIA             |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | FRACTA                  |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | GRACILIOR               |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | GYNODYNAMA              |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | HARFORDII               |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | HASSEI                  |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | HAYDENIANA              |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | HETERONEURA             |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | *HOODII                 |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | *HOODII                 |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | INTEGRA                 |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | JACINTOENSIS            |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | JEPSONII                |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | JONESII                 |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | KELLOGGII               |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | LACINIATA               |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | LACUNARUM               |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | LANCIFRUCTUS            |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | LEMMONI                 |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | LEPORINELLA             |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | *LUZULAEFOLIA           |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | LUZULINA                |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | MARIPOSANA              |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | MENDOCINENSIS           |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | MONTEREYENSIS           |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | MULTICOSTATA            |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | NERVINA                 |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | NUDATA                  |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | OBISPOENSIS             |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | PACHYCARPA              |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | PAUCICOSTATA            |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | PHYLLOMANICA            |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | PRAEGRACILIS            |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | PSEUDOJAPONICA          |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | QUADRIFIDA              |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | *QUAORIFIDA             |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | SALINAEFORMIS           |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | SARTWELLIANA            |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | *SCIRPOIDEA             |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | *SCOPARIA               |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | SONOMENSIS              |
| USA                     | CALIFORNIA            | SPECIFICA               |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | STENOPTERA              |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | SUB-BRACTEATA           |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | SUBFUSCA                |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | SUBNIGRICANS            |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | TENERAEFORMIS           |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | TOMPKINSI               |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | TRACYI                  |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | TUMULICOLA              |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | UNILATERALIS            |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | VITREA                  |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | WHITNEYI                |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | WHITNEYI                |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | WHITNEYI                |
|                         | CALIFORNIA            | WILKESII                |
|                         | COLORADO              | ARAPAHOENSIS            |
|                         | COLORADO              | *BIPARTITA              |
|                         | COLORADO              | *BONPLANDII             |
|                         | COLORADO              | CHALCIOLEPIS            |
|                         | COLORADO              | CRANDALLII              |
|                         | COLORADO              | EBENEA                  |
|                         | COLORADO              | EGGLESTONII             |
|                         | COLORADO              | ELBERTANA               |
|                         | COLORADO              | ELYNOIDES               |
|                         | COLORADO              | ENGELMANNI              |
|                         | COLORADO              | ERXLEBENIANA            |
|                         | COLORADO              | *FESTIVA                |
|                         | COLORADO              | HAGIANA                 |
|                         | COLORADO              | HALLII                  |
|                         | COLORADO              | HEPBURNII               |
|                         | COLORADO              | ILLOTA                  |
|                         | COLORADO              | *MICROPTERA             |
|                         | COLORADO              | NUBICOLA                |
|                         | COLORADO              | PERGLOBOSA              |
|                         | COLORADO              | SAXIMONTANA             |
|                         | COLORADO              | UNCOMPAHGRE             |
|                         | COLORADO              | VIOLACEA                |
|                         | DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA  | ANGUSTIOR               |
|                         | DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA  | MEDITERRANIA            |
|                         | DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA  | MESOCHOREA              |
|                         | FLORIDA               | BALTZELLII              |
|                         | FLORIDA               | CHAPMANI                |
|                         | FLORIDA               | CREBRIFLORA             |
|                         | FLORIDA               | *DIGITALIS              |
|                         | FLORIDA               | *FISSA                  |
|                         | FLORIDA               | FLACCOSPERMA            |
|                         | FLORIDA               | MAGNIFOLIA              |
|                         | FLORIDA               | MOHRIANA                |
|                         | FLORIDA               | *STELLULATA             |
| USA                     | FLORIDA               | *STIPATA                |
|                         | FLORIDA               | VEXANS                  |
|                         | GEORGIA               | AMPLISQUAMA             |
|                         | GEORGIA               | HARPERI                 |
|                         | GEORGIA               | SMALLIANA               |
|                         | GEORGIA               | *WILLDENOWII            |
|                         | HAWAII                | KAUAIENSIS              |
|                         | HAWAII                | *PLUVICA                |
|                         | HAWAII                | *WAHUENSIS              |
|                         | IDAHO                 | ABORIGINUM              |
|                         | IDAHO                 | APODA                   |
|                         | IDAHO                 | HALLII                  |
|                         | IDAHO                 | *HINDSII                |
|                         | IDAHO                 | IDAHOA                  |
|                         | IDAHO                 | OBOVOIDEA               |
|                         | IDAHO                 | PRIONPHYLLA             |
|                         | IDAHO                 | PROPOSITA               |
|                         | IDAHO                 | RAYNOLDSII              |
|                         | ILLINOIS              | *HIRSUTA                |
|                         | ILLINOIS              | ILLINOENSIS             |
|                         | ILLINCIS              | MEADII                  |
|                         | ILLINOIS              | *RICHARDSONII           |
|                         | ILLINOIS              | SUBIMPRESSA             |
|                         | ILLINOIS              | *TRIBULOIDES            |
|                         | INDIANA               | *ARTITECTA              |
|                         | INDIANA               | X DEAMII                |
|                         | INDIANA               | LARICINA                |
|                         | INDIANA               | *LAXIFLORA              |
|                         | KANSAS                | MOLESTA                 |
|                         | LOUISIANA             | AMPHIBOLA               |
|                         | LOUISIANA             | AUROLENSIS              |
|                         | LOUISIANA             | CRUS-CORVI              |
|                         | LOUISIANA             | HALEI                   |
|                         | LOUISIANA             | IGNOTA                  |
|                         | LOUISIANA             | LEAVENWORTHII           |
|                         | LOUISIANA             | MACROKOLEA              |
|                         | LOUISIANA             | PICTA                   |
|                         | LOUISIANA             | PTYCHOCARPA             |
|                         | LOUISIANA             | TURGESCENS              |
|                         | MAINE                 | *CRINITA                |
|                         | MAINE                 | *INTERIOR               |
|                         | MAINE                 | KATAHDINENSIS           |
|                         | MAINE                 | *LAXIFLORA              |
|                         | MAINE                 | MERRITT-FERNALDII       |
|                         | MAINE                 | ORONENSIS               |
|                         | MAINE                 | *PAUPERCULA             |
|                         | MAINE                 | PORTERI                 |
|                         | MAINE                 | *SCOPARIA               |
|                         | MAINE                 | X TRICHINA              |
| USA                     | MAINE                 | *TRISPERMA              |
|                         | MAINE                 | *VESICARIA              |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | ARGYRANTHA              |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | COLLECTA                |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | GLAUCODEA               |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | HALSEYANA               |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | HITCHCOCKIANA           |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | INCOMPERTA              |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | MIRABILIS               |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | NOVAE-ANGLIAE           |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | SCHWEINITZII            |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | *SCOPARIA               |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | *SCOPARIA               |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | SICCATA                 |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | TENERA                  |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | *TENERA                 |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | TRISPERMA               |
|                         | MASSACHUSETTS         | *VESTITA                |
|                         | MICHIGAN              | *ALOPECOIDEA            |
|                         | MICHIGAN              | COOLEYI                 |
|                         | MICHIGAN              | HETEROSTACHYA           |
|                         | MICHIGAN              | *INTERIOR               |
|                         | MICHIGAN              | PRAIREA                 |
|                         | MICHIGAN              | *RETROCURVA             |
|                         | MICHIGAN              | *TENUIFLORA             |
|                         | MICHIGAN              | *VULPINOIDEA            |
|                         | MINNESOTA             | HOUGHTONIANA            |
|                         | MISSISSIPPI           | *STRAMINEA              |
|                         | MISSOURI              | AGGLOMERATA             |
|                         | MISSOURI              | AGGREGATA               |
|                         | MISSOURI              | EGGERTII                |
|                         | MISSOURI              | LUNELLIANA              |
|                         | MONTANA               | CONCINNOIDES            |
|                         | MONTANA               | ELRODI                  |
|                         | MONTANA               | HOLMIANA                |
|                         | MONTANA               | MONTANENSIS             |
|                         | MONTANA               | PLECTOCARPA             |
|                         | MONTANA               | STANTONENSIS            |
|                         | NEBRASKA              | *ARISTATA               |
|                         | NEBRASKA              | *DQUGLASII              |
|                         | NEBRASKA              | LAEVI-CONICA            |
|                         | NEBRASKA              | MEEKII                  |
|                         | NEBRASKA              | NEBRASKENSIS            |
|                         | NEVADA                | FISSURICOLA             |
|                         | NEVADA                | HELLERI                 |
|                         | NEVADA                | *INTERIOR               |
|                         | NEVAOA                | MICROPTERA              |
|                         | NEVADA                | WATSONI                 |
|                         | NEW HAMPSHIRE         | AENEA                   |
| USA                     | NEW HAMPSHIRE         | CRAWFORDII              |
|                         | NEW HAMPSHIRE         | *MIRABILIS              |
|                         | NEW HAMPSHIRE         | ORMOSTACHYA             |
|                         | NEW HAMPSHIRE         | *SCOPARIA               |
|                         | NEW JERSEY            | AESTIVALIFORMIS         |
|                         | NEW JERSEY            | BARRATTII               |
|                         | NEW JERSEY            | CAESARIENSIS            |
|                         | NEW JERSEY            | CONVOLUTA               |
|                         | NEW JERSEY            | CRISTATA                |
|                         | NEW JERSEY            | CRYPTOLEPIS             |
|                         | NEW JERSEY            | RUGOSPERMA              |
|                         | NEW MEXICO            | AGROSTOIDES             |
|                         | NEW MEXICO            | FENDLERIANA             |
|                         | NEW MEXICO            | GEOPHILA                |
|                         | NEW MEXICO            | NEOMEXICANA             |
|                         | NEW MEXICO            | PITYOPHILA              |
|                         | NEW YORK              | ABDITA                  |
|                         | NEW YORK              | ALOP-ECOIDEA            |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *AMPHIBOLA              |
|                         | NEW YORK              | AQUATILIS               |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *AQUATILIS              |
|                         | NEW YORK              | CAREYANA                |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *CEPHALOPHORA           |
|                         | NEW YORK              | COMMUNIS                |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *CRINITA                |
|                         | NEW YORK              | FORMOSA                 |
|                         | NEW YORK              | INTERIOR                |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *OLIGOCARPA             |
|                         | NEW YORK              | PLATYPHYLLA             |
|                         | NEW YORK              | RETROCURVA              |
|                         | NEW YORK              | ROSAEOIDES              |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *ROSEA                  |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *ROSEA                  |
|                         | NEW YORK              | SARTWELLII              |
|                         | NEW YORK              | SCABRIOR                |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *STERILIS               |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *STIPATA                |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *STRICTA                |
|                         | NEW YORK              | SYCHNOCEPHALA           |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *TENTACULATA            |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *TORTA                  |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *VAGINATA               |
|                         | NEW YORK              | WOODII                  |
|                         | NEW YORK              | *XANTHOCARPA            |
|                         | NEW YORK              | XEROCARPA               |
|                         | NORTH CAROLINA        | AESTIVALIS              |
|                         | NORTH CAROLINA        | ALATA                   |
|                         | NORTH CAROLINA        | BILTMOREANA             |
|                         | NORTH CAROLINA        | BUCKLEYI                |
| USA                     | NORTH CAROLINA        | MISERA                  |
|                         | NORTH CAROLINA        | NIGRO-MARGINATA         |
|                         | NORTH CAROLINA        | RUTHII                  |
|                         | NORTH CAROLINA        | *STIPATA                |
|                         | NORTH CAROLINA        | STYLOFLEXA              |
|                         | NORTHWEST TERRITORIES | FESTIVA                 |
|                         | OHIO                  | *ALATA                  |
|                         | OHIO                  | CONJUNCTA               |
|                         | OHIO                  | FLACCIDULA              |
|                         | OHIO                  | STEUDELII               |
|                         | OKLAHOMA              | FISSA                   |
|                         | OKLAHOMA              | LATEBRACTEATA           |
|                         | OKLAHOMA              | OKLAHOMENSIS            |
|                         | OREGON                | ACCEDENS                |
|                         | OREGON                | *ACUTA                  |
|                         | OREGON                | ACUTINA                 |
|                         | OREGON                | ACUTINELLA              |
|                         | OREGON                | BRACHYPODA              |
|                         | OREGON                | BREVICAULIS             |
|                         | OREGON                | CAMPLYOCARPA            |
|                         | OREGON                | CUSICKII                |
|                         | OREGON                | *DEWEYANA               |
|                         | OREGON                | DIVERSISTYLIS           |
|                         | OREGON                | EASTWOODIANA            |
|                         | OREGON                | GYMNOCLADA              |
|                         | OREGON                | HALLIANA                |
|                         | OREGON                | INOPS                   |
|                         | OREGON                | *LEPORINA               |
|                         | OREGON                | LEPTOPODA               |
|                         | OREGON                | *MARCIDA                |
|                         | OREGON                | OREGONENSIS             |
|                         | OREGON                | PACHYSTOMA              |
|                         | OREGON                | PANSA                   |
|                         | OREGON                | PHAEOCEPHALA            |
|                         | OREGON                | PHAEOLEPIS              |
|                         | OREGON                | SHELDONII               |
|                         | OREGON                | SPRETA                  |
|                         | OREGON                | *STYLOSA                |
|                         | OREGON                | *TERETIUSCULA           |
|                         | OREGON                | VAGANS                  |
|                         | OREGON                | VICARIA                 |
|                         | PENNSYLVANIA          | *ANGUSTIOR              |
|                         | PENNSYLVANIA          | *AUREA                  |
|                         | PENNSYLVANIA          | COSTATA                 |
|                         | PENNSYLVANIA          | *DEBILIS                |
|                         | PENNSYLVANIA          | GARBERI                 |
|                         | PENNSYLVANIA          | GRACILLIMA              |
|                         | PENNSYLVANIA          | *GRISEA                 |
|                         | RHODE ISLAND          | HORMATHODES             |
| USA                     | SOUTH CAROLINA        | AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA      |
|                         | SOUTH CAROLINA        | CAROLINIANA             |
|                         | SOUTH DAKOTA          | HAYOENII                |
|                         | TENNESSEE             | *OXYLEPIS               |
|                         | TENNESSEE             | PURPURIFERA             |
|                         | TENNESSEE             | ROANENSIS               |
|                         | TEXAS                 | BULBOSTYLIS             |
|                         | TEXAS                 | MURICULATA              |
|                         | TEXAS                 | ONUSTA                  |
|                         | TEXAS                 | RETROFLEXA              |
|                         | TEXAS                 | TRIANGULARIS            |
|                         | TEXAS                 | *WILLDENOVII            |
|                         | TEXAS                 | WRIGHTII                |
|                         | UTAH                  | *CAMPYLOCARPA           |
|                         | UTAH                  | *CANESCENS              |
|                         | UTAH                  | EPAPILLOSA              |
|                         | UTAH                  | INTERIMUS               |
|                         | UTAH                  | PELOCARPA               |
|                         | UTAH                  | RACHILLIS               |
|                         | UTAH                  | *VERNACULA              |
|                         | VERMONT               | *INTUMESCENS            |
|                         | VIRGINIA              | *ABSCONOITA             |
|                         | VIRGINIA              | X ABSCONOITIFORMIS      |
|                         | VIRGINIA              | BAYARDI                 |
|                         | VIRGINIA              | *CRINITA                |
|                         | VIRGINIA              | *CRUS-CORVI             |
|                         | VIRGINIA              | *DEBILIS                |
|                         | VIRGINIA              | *DIGITALIS              |
|                         | VIRGINIA              | *DIGITALIS              |
|                         | VIRGINIA              | RUGATA                  |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | APERTA                  |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | *APERTA                 |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | *APERTA                 |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | *APERTA                 |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | CONSTANCEANA            |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | EGREGIA                 |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | EURYCARPA               |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | *EURYCARPA              |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | *INTERRUPTA             |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | *LENTICULARIS           |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | MISERABILIS             |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | *NEBRASKENSIS           |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | *NEBRASKENSIS           |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | NEUROPHORA              |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | OLYMPICA                |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | OXYCARPA                |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | PADDOENSIS              |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | PRAECEPTORIUM           |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | SCABRIUSCULA            |
| USA                     | WASHINGTON            | SUBORBICULATA           |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | SUKSDORFII              |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | *SUKSDORFII             |
|                         | WASHINGTON            | VIRIDIOR                |
|                         | WYOMING               | ALBO-NIGRA              |
|                         | WYOMING               | BREVISQUAMA             |
|                         | WYOMING               | FESTIVELLA              |
|                         | WYOMING               | LIMNOPHILA              |
|                         | WYOMING               | NELSONII                |
|                         | WYOMING               | PAYSONIS                |
|                         | WYOMING               | PLATYLEPIS              |
|                         | WYOMING               | SIMULATA                |
|                         | WYOMING               | VALLICOLA               |
| USSR                    | RUSSIAN SFSR          | KURILENSIS              |
|                         | TADZHIKISTAN          | PHILOCRENA              |
|                         | TURKE STAN            | *STENOPHYLLA            |
| VENEZUELA               | BOLIVAR               | RORAIMENSIS             |
|                         | LARA                  | LARENSIS                |
|                         | SUCRE                 | CULMENICOLA             |
|                         | SUCRE                 | TURUMIQUIRENSIS         |
|                         | TACHIRA               | TACHIRENSIS             |
|                         | TACHIRA               | TAMANA                  |
| VIET-NAM, NORTH         | TONKIN                | TRICHOPHYLLA            |
| WESTERN SAMOA           |                       | SAVAIIENSIS             |

**HERBARIUM INDEX**
| SHEET NO.                                                          | KIND OF TYPE                  | TAXON                             |                      |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------|----------------------|
| A (ARNOLD ARBORETUM, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS)                     |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ACROPHILA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | BREVIS                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | EREMOSTACHYA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | LAMPROCHLAMYS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MELANOPHORA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MERCARENSIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PERILEIA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | RUBRO-BRUNNEA                     | VAR ELINEOLATA       |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SARAWAKETENSIS                    |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SURCULOSA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | TAHITENSIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | ZIZANIAEFOLIA                     |                      |
| CAS (CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, SAN FRANCISCO)                |
| 242617                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ABORIGINUM                        |                      |
| 497554                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ALMA                              |                      |
| 553879                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ALOPECOIDEA                       | VAR SPARSI-SPICATA   |
| 242962                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | APERTA                            | VAR UMBROSA          |
| 242960                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | APERTA                            | VAR VIRIDANS         |
| 242961                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | APERTA                            | VAR VIRIDANS         |
| 554019                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | AQUATILIS                         | VAR SUBSTRICTA       |
| 102030                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ARAPAHOENSIS                      |                      |
| 430881                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | BIPARTITA                         | VAR AUSTROMONTANA    |
| 383776                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | CALIFORNICA                       |                      |
| 334353                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | CAMPYLOCARPA                      | SSP AFFINIS          |
| 553918                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | CHAPMANI                          |                      |
| 232050                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | CILIARIS                          |                      |
| 445943                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | CILIARIS                          |                      |
| 553874                                                             | TYPE FRAGMENT                 | CINNAMOMEA                        |                      |
| 553913                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | COMMUNIS                          |                      |
| 383550                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | CONJUNCTA                         |                      |
| 242987                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | CONSTANCEANA                      |                      |
| 553883                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | CRINITA                           | VAR MINOR            |
| 204973                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | CURATORIUM                        |                      |
| 204974                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | CURATORIUM                        |                      |
| 259875                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | DANAENSIS                         |                      |
| 259874                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | DANAENSIS                         |                      |
| 336835                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | DIGITALIS                         | VAR ASYMMETRICA      |
| 372834                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | DIVERSISTYLIS                     |                      |
| 351155                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | DURANDII                          |                      |
| 130386                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | EASTWOODIANA                      |                      |
| 242957                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | EURYCARPA                         |                      |
| 246772                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | EURYCARPA                         | VAR ATTENUATA        |
| 401490                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | EURYSTACHYA                       |                      |
| 234898                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | FISSURICOLA                       |                      |
| 102307                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | FORMOSA                           |                      |
| 383156                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | FORMOSA                           |                      |
| 103033                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | GRACILIOR                         |                      |
| 383986                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | GYNODYNAMA                        |                      |
| 328017                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | HAGIANA                           |                      |
| 103098                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | HOODII                            | VAR NERVOSA          |
| 103098                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | HOODII                            | VAR NEUROCARPA       |
| 553902                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | IGNOTA                            |                      |
| 404489                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | INCONOITA                         |                      |
| 203910                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | INOPS                             |                      |
| 348506                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIMUS                         |                      |
| 553999                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          |                      |
| 272528                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS  |
| 272529                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS  |
| 242959                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | INTFRRUPTA                        | VAR DISTENTA         |
| 477664                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | JACOBI-PETERI                     |                      |
| 384438                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | LATEBRACTEATA                     |                      |
| 102481                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | LEIOPHYLLA                        |                      |
| 264341                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | LEMANNIANA                        | VAR SIMPLEX          |
| 186427                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | LEPTOPODA                         |                      |
| 136                                                                | ISOTYPE                       | LUZULAEFOLIA                      | VAR STROBILANTHA     |
| 231121                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | LUZULAEFOLIA                      | VAR STROBILANTHA     |
| 384084                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | LUZULINA                          |                      |
| 264346                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | MACKENZIANA                       |                      |
| 553885                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | MEADII                            |                      |
| 553875                                                             | TYPE FRAGMENT                 | MENDOCINENSIS                     |                      |
| 234896                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | MICROPTERA                        |                      |
| 194659                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | MURICULATA                        |                      |
| 235733                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | OBISPOENSIS                       |                      |
| 237824                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | OBISPOENSIS                       |                      |
| 237908                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | OBISPOENSIS                       |                      |
| 351152                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ONUSTA                            |                      |
| 239452                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | PELOCARPA                         |                      |
| 369422                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | PERCOSTATA                        |                      |
| 155657                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | PERLONGA                          |                      |
| 193005                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | PERLONGA                          |                      |
| 383889                                                             | ISO TYPE                      | PITYOPHILA                        |                      |
| 416360                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | PLECTOCARPA                       |                      |
| 105004                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | PRATENSIS                         |                      |
| 404488                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | PRATICOLA                         | VAR SUBCORIACEA      |
| 102638                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | PROPOSITA                         |                      |
| 325253                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | RACHILLIS                         |                      |
| 336836                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | RUGATA                            |                      |
| 383801                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | SALINAEFORMIS                     |                      |
| 383407                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | SARTWELLII                        |                      |
| 553975                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | SARTWELLII                        |                      |
| 553877                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SCABRIOR                          |                      |
| 445940                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SEATONIANA                        |                      |
| 246086                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | SONOMENSIS                        |                      |
| 246636                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SONOMENSIS                        |                      |
| 232289                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | SPECIFICA                         |                      |
| 342553                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | SPECUICOLA                        |                      |
| 342552                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SPECUICOLA                        |                      |
| 162423                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SUBIMPRESSA                       |                      |
| 259816                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | SUBNIGRICANS                      |                      |
| 152864                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SUKSDORFII                        |                      |
| 243333                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SUKSDORFII                        |                      |
| 553943                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | TENTACULATA                       | VAR ALTIOR           |
| 428953                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | TOMPKINSI                         |                      |
| 429306                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | TOMPKINSI                         |                      |
| 351161                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | TOWNSENDII                        |                      |
| 348507                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | VERNACULA                         | VAR HOBSONII         |
| DS (DUDLEY HERBARIUM, STANFORD UNIVERSITY, STANFORD, CALIFORNIA)   |
| 149709                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ABORIGINUM                        |                      |
| 55317                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | ABRAMSII                          |                      |
| 64125                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | ABRUPTA                           |                      |
| 109019                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ARAPAHOENSIS                      |                      |
| 489410                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | AUSTROMONTANA                     |                      |
| 49734                                                              | TYPE COLLECTION               | CALIFORNICA                       |                      |
| 269649                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | CONSTANCEANA                      |                      |
| 145619                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | DUDLEYI                           |                      |
| 629609                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | DUDLEY I                          |                      |
| 144009                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | EASTWOODIANA                      |                      |
| 284598                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | EGREGIA                           |                      |
| 149706                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ELRODI                            |                      |
| 145620                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | GRACILIOR                         |                      |
| 49500                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | GYNODYNAMA                        |                      |
| 490408                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | GYNODYNAMA                        |                      |
| 278190                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS  |
| 78003                                                              | HOLOTYPE                      | JACINTOENSIS                      |                      |
| 490443                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | LEPORINELLA                       |                      |
| 13923                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | LEPTOPODA                         |                      |
| 76794                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | LUZULINA                          |                      |
| 54832                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | MENDOCINENSIS                     |                      |
| 489409                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | MULTICOSTATA                      |                      |
| 171453                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | NEBRASKENSIS                      | VAR ERUCAEFORMIS     |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | NUDATA                            | VAR FIRMIOR          |
| 270930                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | OBISPOENSIS                       |                      |
| 490462                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | PANSA                             |                      |
| 49738                                                              | TYPE COLLECTION               | PAUCICOSTATA                      |                      |
| 55002                                                              | SYNTYPE                       | QUADRIFIDA                        |                      |
| 293480                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | SALINAEFORMIS                     |                      |
| 490735                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SCABRIUSCULA                      |                      |
| 258275                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SONOMENSIS                        |                      |
| 374718                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SONOMENSIS                        |                      |
| 337970                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SPECUICOLA                        |                      |
| 83850                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | STENOPTERA                        |                      |
| 171455                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SUKSDORFIJ                        |                      |
| 269641                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SUKSDORFII                        |                      |
| 269625                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | SUKSDORFII                        | VAR OVALIS           |
| 63991                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | ULTRA                             |                      |
| 64032                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | ULTRA                             |                      |
| F (FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS)             |
| 186491                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ABRAMSII                          |                      |
| 206585                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | ACUTINA                           |                      |
| 32699                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | ALOPECOIDEA                       |                      |
| 32700                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | ALOPECOIDEA                       |                      |
| 56916                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | ALOPECOIDEA                       |                      |
| 349624                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ALOPECOIDEA                       |                      |
| 373673                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ALOPECOIDEA                       |                      |
| 373679                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ALOPECOIDEA                       |                      |
| 1464064                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | APODOSTACHYA                      |                      |
| 264169                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | AUTUMNALIS                        |                      |
| 1266184                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | AZUAYAE                           |                      |
| 999642                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | BARTLETTII                        |                      |
| 314869                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | BONPLANDII                        | VAR MINOR            |
| 456934                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | BONPLANDII                        | VAR MINOR            |
| 1620435                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | CHIAPENSIS                        |                      |
| 49642                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | CHIHUAHUAENSIS                    |                      |
| 202021                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | CILIARIS                          |                      |
| 26304                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | CREBRIFLORA                       |                      |
| 1128952                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | CUCHUMATANENSIS                   |                      |
| 1266170                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | CULMENICOLA                       |                      |
| 1406416                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | CUNEATA                           |                      |
| 751055                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | X DEAMII                          |                      |
| 455703                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | DEWEYANA                          | VAR SPARSIFLORA      |
| 1429766                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | DEWEYANA                          | VAR SPARSIFLORA      |
| 122779                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | FESTIVA                           | VAR DECUMBENS        |
| 314892                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | HALLII                            |                      |
| 456958                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | HALLII                            |                      |
| 176870                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | HARPERI                           |                      |
| 1411493                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | HATUSIMANA                        |                      |
| 283119                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | HELLERI                           |                      |
| 1128957                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | HUEHUETECA                        |                      |
| 1463659                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | HYMENODON                         |                      |
| 314869                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ILLOTA                            |                      |
| 456934                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ILLOTA                            |                      |
| 1076930                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS  |
| 263394                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | INVOLUCRATELLA                    |                      |
| 1406403                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | KURILENSIS                        |                      |
| 129242                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | LACUNARUM                         |                      |
| 1566419                                                            | SYNTYPE                       | LACUNARUM                         |                      |
| 1481645                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | LANGEANA                          |                      |
| 55470                                                              | HOLOTYPE                      | LARENSIS                          |                      |
| 267758                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | LAXIFLORA                         | VAR LEPTONERVIA      |
| 455706                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | LEPORINA                          | VAR AMERICANA        |
| 1425899                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | LEPORINA                          | VAR AMERICANA        |
| 206587                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | MARCIDA                           | VAR DEBILIS          |
| 866418                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | OBISPOENSIS                       |                      |
| 455736                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | OREGONENSIS                       |                      |
| 96129                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | OXYCARPA                          |                      |
| 211365                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | OXYCARPA                          |                      |
| 223512                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PADOOENSIS                        |                      |
| 1471489                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PADDOENSIS                        |                      |
| 309086                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PAUCICOSTATA                      |                      |
| 178542                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | PERLONGA                          |                      |
| 455706                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | PHAEOCEPHALA                      |                      |
| 1425899                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | PHAEOCEPHALA                      |                      |
| 755322                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PHYSOCHLAENA                      |                      |
| 105551                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | PRINGLEI                          |                      |
| 1607711                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | PRINGLEI                          |                      |
| 215918                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | PSEUDOJAPONICA                    |                      |
| 1263854                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | RORAIMENSIS                       |                      |
| 1489429                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | RUGATA                            |                      |
| 1463953                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | RUGATA                            |                      |
| 30885                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | SALINAEFORMIS                     |                      |
| 210109                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | SCIRPOIOEA                        | VAR GIGAS            |
| 464432                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | SCOPARIA                          | VAR SUBTURBINATA     |
| 907841                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SONOMENSIS                        |                      |
| 1252385                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | STANDLEYANA                       |                      |
| 1129096                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | STEYERMARKII                      |                      |
| 813737                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | STIPATA                           | VAR LAEVIVAGINATA    |
| 1263858                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | TACHIRENSIS                       |                      |
| 1263857                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | TAMANA                            |                      |
| 1129085                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | TOJQUIANENSIS                     |                      |
| 1129086                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | TOJQUIANENSIS                     |                      |
| 1266183                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | TOREAOORA                         |                      |
| 1128966                                                            | TYPE                          | TUNIMANENSIS                      |                      |
| 1266150                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | TURUMIQUIRENSIS                   |                      |
| 1129094                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | VENOSIVAGINATA                    |                      |
| 89120                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | VITREA                            |                      |
| 309085                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | WHITNEYI                          |                      |
| 309086                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | WHITNEYI                          |                      |
| GH (GRAY HERBARIUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS)  |
|                                                                    | ISONEOTYPE                    | ABLATA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ABSCONDITA                        | VAR ROSTELLATA       |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | X ABSCONDITIFORMIS                |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | X ABSCONDITIFORMIS                |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | ACCEDENS                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | ACUTA                             | VAR PALLIDA          |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ACUTINA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | ADUSTA                            | VAR GLOMERATA        |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | AENEA                             |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | AEQUA                             |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | AESTIVALIFORMIS                   |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | ALATA                             | VAR FERRUGINEA       |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ALOPECOIDEA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ALOPECOIDEA                       | VAR SPARSI-SPICATA   |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | AMPHIBOLA                         | VAR TURGIDA          |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | ANGUSTIOR                         | VAR GRACILENTA       |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | APERTA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | AQUATILIS                         | VAR SUBSTRICTA       |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ARAPAHOENSIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | ARGYRANTHA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ARGYRANTHA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | ARISTATA                          | VAR LONGO-LANCEOLA   |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ARSENII                           |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | ARTITECTA                         | VAR SUBTILIROSTRIS   |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | ASSINIBOINENSIS                   |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | AZTECICA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | BACKANA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | BACKII                            |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | BARBARAE                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | BARTLETTII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | BAYARDI                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | BILTMOREANA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | BONPLANDII                        | VAR MINOR            |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | BREWERI                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | BURCHELLIANA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | CAESARIENSIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | PARATYPE                      | CANESCENS                         | VAR DISJUNCTA        |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | CANESCENS                         | VAR SPHAEROSTACHYA   |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | CAROLINIANA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | CEPHALOPHORA                      | VAR MAXIMA           |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | CHALCIOLEPIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | CILIARIS                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | CINNAMOMEA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | CIRCINNATA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | CLIVICOLA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | COLLECTA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | CONJUNCTA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | COOLEYI                           |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | CRAWFORDII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | CRAWFORDII                        | VAR VIGENS           |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | CREBRIFLORA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLGTYPE                      | CRINITA                           | VAR BREVICRINIS      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | CRINITA                           | VAR SIMULANS         |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | CRISTATA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | CRUS-CORVI                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | CRU5-CORVI                        | VAR VIRGINIANA       |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | CUMULATA                          | FOR SOLUTA           |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | DANAENSIS                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | DAVYI                             |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | DEBILIS                           | VAR INTERCURSA       |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | DEBILIS                           | VAR PUBERA           |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | DEVIA                             |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | DEWEYANA                          | VAR COLLECTANEA      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | DEWEYANA                          | VAR SPARSIFLORA      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | DIGITALIS                         | VAR ASYMMETRICA      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | DIGITALIS                         | VAR MACROPODA        |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | DOUGLASII                         | VAR DENSISPICATA     |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | X DUMANII                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | DUTILLYI                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | EASTWOODIANA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | ECHINATA                          | VAR ORMANTHA         |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | EKMANII                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | EKMANII                           | VAR HOTTENSIS        |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | ELBERTANA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ELEOCHARIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ELYNOIDES                         |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | ENGELMANNI                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | ERXLEBENIANA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | EURYSTACHYA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | EXPLORATORUM                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PELIPENSIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | FESTIVELLA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | FETA                              |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | FILIFOLIA                         | VAR EROSTRATA        |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | FISSA                             | VAR ARISTATA         |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | FLACCOSPERMA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | FLAVA                             | VAR GASPENSIS        |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | FLAVA                             | VAR RECTIROSTRA      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | FOENEA                            | VAR PERPLEXA         |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | FORMOSA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | FRANKLINII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | GARBERI                           |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | GARBERI                           | VAR BIFARIA          |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | GLAREOSA                          | VAR AMPHIGENA        |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | GLAUCODEA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | GRACILIOR                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | GRACILLIMA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | GRISEA                            | VAR RIGIDA           |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | GUATEMALENSIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | HALLIANA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | HALLII                            |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | HALSEYANA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | HARPERI                           |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | HAYDENIANA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | HEBETATA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | HEPBURNII                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | HETERONEURA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | HITCHCOCKIANA                     |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | HOOKERANA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | HORMATHODES                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | HORNSCHUCHIANA                    | VAR LAURENTIANA      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | HOSTIANA                          | VAR LAURENTIANA      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | TLLOTA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | INCISO-DENTATA                    |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | INCURVIFORMIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | INFLATA                           | VAR ANTICOSTENSIS    |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | INOPS                             |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIMUS                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS  |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | INTERIOR                          | VAR JOSSELYNII       |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | INTERIOR                          | VAR KEWEENAWENSIS    |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | INTUMESCENS                       | FOR VENTRIOSA        |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | INVOLUCRATELLA                    |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | KALOIDES                          |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | KATAHDINENSIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | KELLOGGII                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | KOKRINENSIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | LAEVI-CONICA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | LANGEANA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | LASIOCARPA                        | VAR AMERICANA        |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | LATEBRACTEATA                     |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | LAXIFLORA                         | VAR LEPTONERVIA      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | LAXIFLORA                         | VAR SERRULATA        |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | LEIOCARPA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | LEIOPHYLLA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | LEMMONI                           |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION ISOTYPE       | LEPORINA LEPORINELLA              | VAR AMERICANA        |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | LIVIDA                            | VAR RUFINAEFORMIS    |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | LONGICULMIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | LUZULINA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | MACKENZIANA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | MEADII                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | MEEKII                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MELOZITNENSIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | MENDOCINENSIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | MERRITT-FERNALDII                 |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MESOCHOREA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MICROCHAETA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | MILIARIS                          | VAR AUREA            |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | MIRABILIS                         |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | MIRABILIS                         | VAR PERLONGA         |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | MIRABILIS                         | VAR TINCTA           |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | MISANDROIDES                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | MONTEREYENSIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | NELSONII                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | X NEOBIGELOWII                    |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | X NEOFILIPENDULA                  |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | X NEOPALEACEA                     |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | NERVINA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | NEUROPHORA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | NIGRICANS                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | NOVAE-ANGLIAE                     |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | X NUBENS                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | NUBICOLA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | NUTTALLII                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | OAXACANA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | OBISPOENSIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | OBOVOIDEA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | OLIGOCARPA                        | VAR LATIFOLIA        |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | ORMOSTACHYA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | ORONENSIS                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PACHYSTACHYA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PADDOENSIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PALAWANENSIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PALLESCENS                        | VAR NEOGAEA          |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PAPULOSA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | X PATUENSIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PAUPERCULA                        | VAR BREVISQUAMA      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PAUPERCULA                        | VAR PALLENS          |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PAYSONIS                          |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PERLONGA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PERSTRICTA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PETRIEI                           |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PHAEOCEPHALA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PHYLLOMANICA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PINETORUM                         | VAR ELATIOR          |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PIPERI                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PLATYPHYLLA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PODOCARPA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PORTERI                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | POTOSINA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PRAEGRACILIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PRAIREA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PRATENSIS                         | VAR FURVA            |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | PREISSII                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PRINGLEI                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PROJECTA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PROPOSITA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | X PSEUDO-FULVA                    |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | X QUEBECENSIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | RAYNOLOSII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | RETROCURVA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | RETROCURVA                        | VAR COPULATA         |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | RICHARDSONII                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | RICHARDSONII                      | FOR EXSERTA          |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | ROSEA                             | VAR ARKANSANA        |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | RUBRO-BRUNNEA                     | VAR ELINEOLATA       |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | RUGATA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SARTWELLIANA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | X SAXENII                         | NM. FERRUGINEA       |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SCHAFFNERI                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SCHNEIDERI                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SCHWEINITZII                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SCOPARIA                          | VAR CONDENSA         |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | SCOPARIA                          | VAR FULVA            |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SCOPARIA                          | VAR MONILIFORMIS     |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SCOPARIA                          | FOR PERACUTA         |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SCOPARIA                          | VAR SUBTURBINATA     |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SCOPARIA                          | VAR TESSELLATA       |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SEATONIANA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SONOMENSIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SOPERI                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SPECUICOLA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | SPRETA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | STIPATA                           | VAR LAEVIVAGINATA    |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | STRAMINEA                         | VAR CUMULATA         |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | STRAMINEA                         | VAR ECHINODES        |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | STYLOSA                           | VAR VIRENS           |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SUB-BRACTEATA                     |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SUBFUSCA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SUKSDORFII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SYCHNOCEPHALA                     |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | TENERA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | TENERA                            | VAR RICHII           |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | TENUIFLORA                        | VAR SETACEA          |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | TERRAE-NOVAE                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | THURBERI                          |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | X TRICHINA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | TRICHOPHYLLA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | TRISPERMA                         | VAR BILLINGSII       |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | TSOI                              |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | TURUMIQUIRENSIS                   |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | UMBELLATA                         | VAR VICINA           |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | UNCOMPAHGRE                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | VAGINATA                          | VAR ALTO-CAULIS      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | VALLICOLA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | VENOSIVAGINATA                    |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | VERNACULA                         | VAR HOBSONII         |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | VESICARIA                         | VAR JEJUNA           |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | VESICARIA                         | VAR LAURENTIANA      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | VESTITA                           | VAR KENNEDYI         |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | VICARIA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | VIRIDULA                          | FOR PYGMAEA          |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | VULPINOIDEA                       | VAR PYCNOCEPHALA     |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | WATSONI                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | WIEGANDII                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | WILLDENOVII                       | VAR PAUCIFLORA       |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | WOOD II                           |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | X XANTHINA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | XERANTICA                         |                      |
| JEPS (JEPSON HERBARIUM, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY)        |
| 2511                                                               | ISOTYPE                       | DAVYI                             |                      |
| 4013                                                               | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS  |
| 20008                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | JE PSONII                         |                      |
| 19722                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | MARIPOSANA                        |                      |
| MO (MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN, ST. LOUIS)                          |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | ABSCONDITA                        | VAR ROSTELLATA       |
| 1306480                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | X ABSCONDITIFORMIS                |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | ACCEDENS                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | AESTIVALIFORMIS                   |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | AESTIVALIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | AGGLOMERATA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | AQUATILIS                         | VAR SUBSTRICTA       |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | ATHROSTACHYA                      |                      |
| 1834152                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | AUSTRO-CAROLINIANA                |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | AUTUMNALIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | AZTECICA                          |                      |
| 1611724                                                            | SYNTYPE                       | BANKSII                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | BONPLANDII                        | VAR MINOR            |
| 710112                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | BULBOSTYLIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | CALIFORNICA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | CHALCIOLEPIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | CILIARIS                          |                      |
| 1108572                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | CRUS-CORVI                        | VAR VIRGINIANA       |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | DEBILIFORMIS                      |                      |
| 1306423                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | DIGITALIS                         | VAR ASYMMETRICA      |
| 1129747                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | DIGITALIS                         | VAR MACROPODA        |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | DUDLEYI                           |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | ELMERI                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | ELYNOIDES                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | EPAPILLOSA                        |                      |
| 1816497                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | FENDLERIANA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | FISSA                             |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | GRACILIOR                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | GYMNOCLADA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | HALLII                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | HAYDENII                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ILLOTA                            |                      |
| 1816496                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | INTERIOR                          |                      |
| 1148381                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS  |
| 1190731                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS  |
| 1201697                                                            | ISOTYPE TYPE MATERIAL SYNTYPE | INTERIOR INVOLUCRATELLA LACUNARUM | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS  |
| 1692174                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | LATEBRACTEATA                     |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | LAXIFLORA                         | VAR LEPTONERVIA      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | LEPORINA                          | VAR AMERICANA        |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | LUZULINA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MEADII                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MENDOCINENSIS                     |                      |
| 952735                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | NEBRASKENSIS                      | VAR ERUCAEFORMIS     |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | NUDATA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | OAXACANA                          |                      |
| 1220830                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | OBOVOIDEA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | OKLAHOMENSIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PAUCICOSTATA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PERGLOBOSA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PERLONGA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PHAEOCEPHALA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PHYLLOMANICA                      |                      |
| 920815                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | PHYSOCHLAENA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PRAINII                           |                      |
| 2002968                                                            | SYNTYPE                       | PREISSII                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PRINGLEI                          |                      |
| 1260436                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | RUBRO-BRUNNEA                     | VAR ELINEOLATA       |
| 1306478                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | RUGATA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | SALINAEFORMIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | SAXIMONTANA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SCABRIUSCULA                      |                      |
| 2002967                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | SCAPOSA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | SPRETA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | STIPATA                           | VAR LAEVIVAGINATA    |
|                                                                    | SYMTYPE                       | STRAMINEA                         | VAR CUMULATA         |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | STYLOFLEXA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | STYLOSA                           | VAR VIRENS           |
| 95212                                                              | TYPE COLLECTION               | SUKSDORFII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | VIOLACEA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | VITREA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | WHITNEYI                          |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | WHITNEYI                          |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | WHITNEYI                          |                      |
| NY (NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, NEW YORK CITY)                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | ABDITA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISONEOTYPE                    | ABLATA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ABORIGINUM                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | ABRAMSII                          |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | ABRUPTA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | ABSCONDITA                        | VAR ROSTELLATA       |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | X ABSCONOITIFORMIS                |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | ACUTINA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | AEQUA                             |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | AESTIVALIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | AGGREGATA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | ALATA                             |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | ALBIDA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ALMA                              |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ALOPECOIDEA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ALOPECOIDEA                       | VAR SPARSI-SPICATA   |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | AMPHIBOLA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | ANGUSTIOR                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | APODA                             |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | AQUATILIS                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ARAPAHOENSIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | ARCTAEFORMIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | ARCTICA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ARSENII                           |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | ATHROSTACHYA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | ATHROSTACHYA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ATRACTODES                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ATROSQUAMA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | AUREA                             | VAR ANDROGYNA        |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | AUROLENSIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | AZUAYAE                           |                      |
|                                                                    | **SYNTYPE**                   | BACKII                            |                      |
|                                                                    | COTYPE                        | BALTZELLII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | BARBARAE                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | BARRATTII                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | BARTLETTI1                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | BILTMOREANA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | BONANZENSIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | BREVICAULIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | BREVISQUAMA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | BRONGNIARTII                      | VAR DENSA            |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | BUCKLEYI                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | BUSHII                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | CABSARIENSIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | CALIFORNICA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | CAMPYLOCARPA                      | SSP AFFINIS          |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | CANESCENS                         | VAR DUBIA            |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | CANESCENS                         | VAR SPHAEROSTACHYA   |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | CAREYANA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | CAROLINIANA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | CHALCIOLEPIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | CHIAPENSIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | CHIHUAHUAENSIS                    |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | CHIKUNGANA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | CILIARIS                          |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | COLUMBIANA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | CONCINNOIDES                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | CONSTANCEANA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | CONVOLUTA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | COSTATA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | CRANDALLII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | CREBRIFLORA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | CRUS-CORVI                        | VAR VIRGINIANA       |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | CRYPTOLEPIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | CUBENSIS                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | CUBENSIS                          | VAR FLACCIDA         |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | CUSICKII                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | DAVY I                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | DEWEYANA                          | VAR SPARSIFLORA      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | DIGITALIS                         | VAR GLAUCA           |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | DIGITALIS                         | VAR MACROPODA        |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | DLJDLEYI                          |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | DURIFOLIA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | EBENEA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPP COLLECTION               | EGGERTII                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | EGGLESTONII                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | EGREGIA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | EKMANII                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ELRODI                            |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | EPAPILLOSA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | EPAPILLOSA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | EXPLORATORUM                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | FARGESII                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | FELIPENSIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | FENDLERIANA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | FESTIVA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | FESTIVA                           | VAR DECUMBENS        |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | FESTIVA                           | VAR STRICTA          |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | FESTIVELLA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | FISSA                             |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | FISSA                             | VAR ARISTATA         |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | FLACCIDULA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | FLACCOSPERMA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | FRANKLINII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | FULVESCENS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | FUSCOLUTEA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | FUSCOTINCTA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | GAYANA                            | VAR HYALINA          |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | GEYERI                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | GLAREOSA                          | VAR AMPHIGENA        |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | GRIFFITHII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | GYMNOCLADA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | GYNODYNAMA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | HALEI                             |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | HALLII                            |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | HALLII                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | HALSEYANA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | HARFOROII                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | HARPERI                           |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | HASSEI                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | HELLERI                           |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | HETEROSTACHYA                     |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | HINDSII                           | VAR BREVIGLUMA       |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | HIRSUTA                           | VAR CUSPIDATA        |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | HOLMIANA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | HOODII                            | VAR NERVOSA          |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | HOODII                            | VAR NEUROCARPA       |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | HOOKERANA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | HORNSCHUCHIANA                    | VAR LAURENTIANA      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | HOUGHTONIANA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | IGNOTA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | ILLINOENSIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | INCOMPERTA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | INCURVIFORMIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | INOPS                             |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | INTEGRA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | INTERIMUS                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS  |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR JOSSELYNII       |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR KEWEENAWENSIS    |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | INVOLUCRATELLA                    |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | JAMESII                           |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | JEPSONII                          |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | JONESII                           |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | KATAHDINENSIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | KULINGANA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | LACINIATA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | LACUNARUM                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | LANCIFRUCTUS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | LARICINA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | LAXIFLORA                         | VAR LEPTONERVIA      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | LAXIFLORA                         | VAR SERRULATA        |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | LEAVENWORTHII                     |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | LENTICULARIS                      | VAR PAULLIFRUCTUS    |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | LEPORINA                          | VAR AMERICANA        |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | LEPTOPODA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | LONGIROSTRIS                      | VAR MICROCYSTIS      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | LUNELLIANA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | LUZULINA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | COTYPE                        | MACROKOLEA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | MACROSPERMA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MADRENSIS                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MANOONIANA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | MARCIDA                           | VAR DEBILIS          |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | MARIPOSANA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MEADIl                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | MEDITERRANIA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MENDOCINENSIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | MERRILLII                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | MICROPTERA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MISANDROIDES                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | MISERA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | MOHRIANA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | MOLESTA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | MONTANENSIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | NANA                              |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | NEBRASKENSIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | NEBRASKENSIS                      | VAR ERUCAEFORMIS     |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | NEBRASKENSIS                      | VAR ULTRIFORMIS      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | NELSONII                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | X NEOBIGELOWII                    |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | NEOMEXICANA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | NEUROPHORA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | NIORO-MARGINATA                   |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | NUTTALLII                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | OBISPOENSIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | OEDERI                            | VAR ROUSSEAUIANA     |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | OKLAHOMENSIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | OLYMPICA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | ONUSTA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | OREGONENSIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ORONENSIS                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | OXYLEPIS                          | VAR PUBESCENS        |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PADDOENSIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PALAWANENSIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | PANSA                             |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PAPULOSA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PARRYANA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PAUCICOSTATA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PELOCARPA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PERGLOBOSA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PERLONGA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | PERSTRICTA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | PETASATA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | PETRICOSA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PHAEOCEPHALA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PHAEOLEPIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PHILOCRENA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PHYLLOMANJCA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PHYSOCHLAENA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PICTA                             |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | PINETORUM                         | VAR ELATIOR          |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PITYOPHILA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PLATYLEPIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PRAECEPTORIUM                     |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PRINGLEI                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PRIONPHYLLA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PROJECTA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | PROPOSITA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PSEUDOJAPONICA                    |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PTYCHOCARPA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | PURPURIFERA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | QUADRIFIDA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | QUADRIFIDA                        | VAR LENIS            |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | X QUEBECENSIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | RACHILLIS                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | RETROFLEXA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | COTYPE                        | RHYNCHACHAENIUM                   |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | RORAIMENSIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ROSAEOIDES                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | ROSEA                             | VAR ARKANSANA        |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | ROSEA                             | VAR PUSILLA          |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | ROSEA                             | VAR STAMINATA        |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | RUBRO-BRUNNEA                     | VAR ELINEOLATA       |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | RUGATA                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | RUGOSPERMA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | RUSBYI                            |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | RUTHII                            |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | SALINAEFORMIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | SANGUINEA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | SARTWELLII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SAVAIIENSIS                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | SAXIMONTANA                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | SCABRIUSCULA                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | SCIRPIFORMIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | SCIRPOIDEA                        | VAR GIGAS            |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | SCIRPOIDEA                        | VAR STENOCHLAENA     |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | SCOPARIA                          | VAR MINOR            |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SCOPARIA                          | VAR SUBTURBINATA     |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SCOPARIA                          | VAR TESSELLATA       |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SCOULERI                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SHELDONII                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | SHELDONII                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLL ECT ION             | SICCATA                           |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SIMULATA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SONOMENSIS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SPECUICOLA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | STANTONENSIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | STELLATA                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | STELLULATA                        | VAR CONFERTA         |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | STENOPTERA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | STERILIS                          | VAR EXCELSIOR        |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | STEUDELII                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | STIPATA                           | VAR LAEVIVAGINATA    |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | STIPATA                           | VAR SUBSECUTA        |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | STIPATA                           | VAR UBERIOR          |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | STRAMINEA                         | VAR CUMULATA         |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | STRAMINEA                         | VAR RENIFORMIS       |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | STRICTA                           | VAR XEROCARPA        |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | STYLOFLEXA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | SUB-BRACTEATA                     |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | SUBORBICULATA                     |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE MATERIAL                 | SUBTRANSVERSA                     |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | SUKSDORFII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | SUKSDORFII                        | VAR OVALIS           |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | TAMAKII                           |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | TENERAEFORMIS                     |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | TERETIUSCULA                      | VAR AMPLA            |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | TOMPKINSI                         |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | TOREADORA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | TORTA                             | VAR STAMINATA        |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | TOWNSENDII                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | TRACYI                            |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | TRIANGULARIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | TRISPERMA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | TSOI                              |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | TUMULICOLA                        |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | TURGESCENS                        |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | TURUMIQUIRENSIS                   |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | UNDERWOODII                       |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | UNILATERALIS                      |                      |
|                                                                    | ISOTYPE                       | VAGANS                            |                      |
|                                                                    | HOLOTYPE                      | VERNACULA                         | VAR HOBSONII         |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | WERDERMANNII                      |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | WHITNEYI                          |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | WHITNEYI                          |                      |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | WHITNEYI                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | WILKESII                          |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE TYPE COLLECTION          | WILLIAMSII WRIGHTII               |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | XANTHOCARPA                       | VAR ANNECTANS        |
|                                                                    | SYNTYPE                       | XERANTICA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE COLLECTION               | XEROCARPA                         |                      |
|                                                                    | TYPE                          | YUKONENSIS                        |                      |
| UC (UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY)                            |
| 905439                                                             | HOLOTYPF                      | APODA                             |                      |
| 905436                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | ARAPAHOENSIS                      |                      |
| 50814                                                              | HOLOTYPE                      | DAVY I                            |                      |
| 910020                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | INTERIOR                          | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS  |
| 127723                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | LANCIFRUCTUS                      |                      |
| 55234                                                              | HOLOTYPE                      | LEPORINELLA                       |                      |
| 1098                                                               | ISOTYPE                       | MENDXINENSIS                      |                      |
| 319673                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | OBLANCEOLATA                      |                      |
| 1060                                                               | HOLOTYPE                      | PACHYCARPA                        |                      |
| 905434                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | PAYSONIS                          |                      |
| 835699                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SONOMENSIS                        |                      |
| 905433                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | SUBIMPRESSA                       |                      |
| 905441                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | TRIBULOIDES                       | VAR SANGAMONENSIS    |
| US (U. S. NATIONAL HERBARIUM, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, WASHINGTON) |
| 2003161                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | ABSCONDITA                        | VAR ROSTELLATA       |
| 2003299                                                            | ISOTYPE X                     | ABSCONDITIFORMIS                  |                      |
| 25164                                                              | TYPE COLLECTION               | ACUTINA                           |                      |
| 817087                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | ACUTINA                           |                      |
| 27286                                                              | HOLOTYPE                      | ACUTINELLA                        |                      |
| 440179                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | AGGLOMERATA                       |                      |
| 617798                                                             | TYPE                          | AGROSTOIDES                       |                      |
| 694342                                                             | TYPE                          | AGROSTOIDES                       |                      |
| 858947                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | ALBO-NIGRA                        |                      |
| 2231424                                                            | TYPE                          | AMPLISQUAMA                       |                      |
| 865058                                                             | TYPE                          | ANTHOXANTHERA                     |                      |
| 1030011                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | ARSENII                           |                      |
| 2265958                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | ATHABASCENSIS                     |                      |
| 319165                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | ATHROSTACHYA                      |                      |
| 2133192                                                            | TYPE                          | ATRACTODES                        |                      |
| 2096188                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | ATROFUSCA                         | VAR DECOLORATA       |
| 622651                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | ATROSQUAMA                        |                      |
| 817295                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | AUTUMNAL IS                       |                      |
| 1933437                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | AZUAYAE                           |                      |
| 2333748                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | BAMBUSETORUM                      |                      |
| 1232938                                                            | SYNTYPE                       | BANKSII                           |                      |
| 415269                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | BRACHYPODA                        |                      |
| 964504                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | BRAINERDII                        |                      |
| 711129                                                             | TYPE                          | BRUNNEA                           | VAR SUBTEIOGYNA      |
| 587668                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | BULBOSTYLIS                       |                      |
| 29741                                                              | TYPE COLLECTION               | CALIFORNICA                       |                      |
| 319268                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | CAJLIFORNICA                      |                      |
| 690937                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | CAMPLYOCARPA                      |                      |
| 1885701                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | CAMPYLOCARPA                      | SSP AFFINIS          |
| 368814                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | CHALCIOLEPIS                      |                      |
| 28433                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | CHAPMANI                          |                      |
| 2460272                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | CHIAPENSIS                        |                      |
| 306281                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | CHIHUAHUAENSIS                    |                      |
| 462090                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | CILIARIS                          |                      |
| 28457                                                              | TYPE COLLECTION               | CINNAMOMEA                        |                      |
| 319228                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | CINNAMOMEA                        |                      |
| 350077                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | CLADOSTACHYA                      | VAR MAXIMA           |
| 1839933                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | CLIVICOLA                         |                      |
| 2038822                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | COMANS                            | VAR STRICTA          |
| 27235                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | CONFERTIFLORA                     |                      |
| 1032323                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | CONSPECTA                         |                      |
| 278555                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | CRINITA                           | VAR BREVICRINIS      |
| 278555                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | CRINITA                           | VAR SIMULANS         |
| 1682487                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | CRUS-CORVI                        | VAR VIRGINIANA       |
| 1302602                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | CUBENSIS                          |                      |
| 1765700                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | DANAENSIS                         |                      |
| 2003164                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | DEBRIS                            | VAR INTERCURSA       |
| 2003133                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | DIGITALIS                         | VAR ASYMMETRICA      |
| 969118                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | DIGITALIS                         | VAR GLAUCA           |
| 1761151                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | DIGITALIS                         | VAR MACROPODA        |
| 817314                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | DONNELL-SMITHII                   |                      |
| 2176489                                                            | ISOTYPE X                     | DUMANII                           |                      |
| 579795                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | DURANDII                          |                      |
| 857864                                                             | TYPE                          | EGGLESTONII                       |                      |
| 2466328                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | EGGLESTONII                       | VAR FESTIVELLIFORMIS |
| 1411790                                                            | COTYPE                        | EKMANII                           |                      |
| 1414090                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | EKMANII                           | VAR HOTTENSIS        |
| 854950                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | ELMERI                            |                      |
| 1531248                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | ELRODI                            |                      |
| 368818                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | ELYNOIDES                         |                      |
| 270933                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | EPAPILLOSA                        |                      |
| 2265959                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | EURYSTACHYA                       |                      |
| 2176495                                                            | ISOTYPE X                     | EXSALINA                          |                      |
| 1123660                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | FARGESII                          |                      |
| 2449506                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | FISSA                             | VAR ARISTATA         |
| 468192                                                             | TYPE                          | FLACCIFOLIA                       |                      |
| 817810                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | FRACTA                            |                      |
| 397187                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | FUSCOLUTEA                        |                      |
| 251773                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | FUSCOTINCTA                       |                      |
| 817237                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | FUSCOTINCTA                       |                      |
| 63525                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | GARBERI                           |                      |
| 660800                                                             | TYPE                          | GEOPHILA                          |                      |
| 319177                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | GRACILIOR                         |                      |
| 29651                                                              | SYNTYPE                       | HALLII                            |                      |
| 28685                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | HARFORDII                         |                      |
| 509004                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | HELLERI                           |                      |
| 28206                                                              | TYPE COLLECTION               | HETERONEURA                       |                      |
| 802160                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | ICHANGENSIS                       |                      |
| 235568                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | IOAHOA                            |                      |
| 235569                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | IOAHOA                            |                      |
| 2265956                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | INCONDITA                         |                      |
| 1872574                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIMUS                         |                      |
| 1733722                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR CHARLESTONENSIS  |
| 605797                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR JOSSELYNII       |
| 1697057                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | INTERIOR                          | VAR KEWEENAWENSIS    |
| 30661                                                              | TYPE COLLECTION               | INVOLUCRATELLA                    |                      |
| 825890                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | JAMESONI                          | VAR SUBFULVA         |
| 1325047                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | KATAHOINENSIS                     |                      |
| 2074700                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | KAUAIENSIS                        |                      |
| 430229                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | LACUNARUM                         |                      |
| 801132                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | LANCIFOLIA                        |                      |
| 1932015                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | LARENSIS                          |                      |
| 538796                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | LEIOPHYLLA                        |                      |
| 29211                                                              | TYPE COLLECTION               | LEMMONI                           |                      |
| 2231577                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | LIMNOPHILA                        |                      |
| 800846                                                             | SYNTYPE                       | LONGICRURIS                       | VAR HENRYI           |
| 964880                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | LUZULINA                          |                      |
| 1746479                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | MACKENZIANA                       |                      |
| 27238                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL-                | MACROGLOSSA                       |                      |
| 301267                                                             | TYPE                          | MADRENSIS                         |                      |
| 969118                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | MAGNIFOLIA                        |                      |
| 1789621                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | MELOZITNENSIS                     |                      |
| 29453                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | MENDOCINENSIS                     |                      |
| 711171                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | MERRILLII                         |                      |
| 27281                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | MICANS                            |                      |
| 2501314                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | MICRANTHA                         |                      |
| 30695                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | MICROGLOCHIN                      | SSP FUEGINA          |
| 2543807                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | MICROPTERA                        | VAR CRASSINERVIA     |
| 886422                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | MISERABILIS                       |                      |
| 2133195                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | MOHRIANA                          |                      |
| 23257                                                              | SYNTYPE                       | MONTANENSIS                       |                      |
| 2095886                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | MORRISSEYI                        |                      |
| 27280                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | NANA                              |                      |
| 1438017                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | NEBRASKENSIS                      | VAR ERUCAEFORMIS     |
| 2433719                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | X NEOBIGELOWII                    |                      |
| 2176496                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | X NEOPALEACEA                     |                      |
| 286861                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | NERVINA                           |                      |
| 31277                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | NUTANS                            | VAR JAPONICA         |
| 251772                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | OAXACANA                          |                      |
| 817656                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | OAXACANA                          |                      |
| 1678188                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | OBISPOENSIS                       |                      |
| 30695                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | OLIGANTHA                         |                      |
| 504456                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | ONUSTA                            |                      |
| 27292                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | OXYCARPA                          |                      |
| 415172                                                             | TYPE                          | PACHYSTOMA                        |                      |
| 529528                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PAODOENSIS                        |                      |
| 872800                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PALAWANENSIS                      |                      |
| 31344                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | PAPULOSA                          |                      |
| 27275                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PARCIFLORA                        |                      |
| 2133207                                                            | TYPE                          | PERCOSTATA                        |                      |
| 461358                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | PERLONGA                          |                      |
| 1545831                                                            | TYPE                          | PHALAROIOES                       | VAR PARVULA          |
| 31374                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PICTA                             |                      |
| 1563811                                                            | TYPE                          | PIRCHINCHENSIS                    | VAR SIMPLEX          |
| 660821                                                             | TYPE                          | PITYOPHILA                        |                      |
| 27269                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PLANATA                           |                      |
| 2420276                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | PLECTOCARPA                       |                      |
| 2074725                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PLUVICA                           | VAR KOOLAUENSIS      |
| 27270                                                              | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PODOGYNA                          |                      |
| 458108                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PRAINII                           |                      |
| 2265957                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | PRATICOLA                         | VAR SUBCORIACEA      |
| 865056                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PRESLII                           |                      |
| 817724                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | PRINGLEI                          |                      |
| 1123683                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | PTEROLEPTA                        |                      |
| 1282178                                                            | TYPE                          | PURPUREOVAGINATA                  | VAR ITATIAIAE        |
| 1398830                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | PYCNOTHYSOS                       |                      |
| 2433718                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | X QUEBECENSIS                     |                      |
| 2133193                                                            | TYPE                          | QUICHENSIS                        |                      |
| 1872576                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | RACHILLIS                         |                      |
| 626608                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | RAMOSII                           |                      |
| 2133190                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | ROANENSIS                         |                      |
| 1754487                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | RUBRO-BRUNNEA                     | VAR ELINEOLATA       |
| 2003132                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | RUGATA                            |                      |
| 30267                                                              | TYPE COLLECTION               | RUSBYI                            |                      |
| 29888                                                              | TYPE COLLECTION               | SALINAEFORMIS                     |                      |
| 319226                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | SALINAEFORMIS                     |                      |
| 1545752                                                            | TYPE                          | SALTAENSIS                        |                      |
| 2176493                                                            | ISOTYPE X                     | SAXENII                           | NM. FERRUGINEA       |
| 528631                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | SCABRIUSCULA                      |                      |
| 305734                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | SEATONIANA                        |                      |
| 528495                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | SHELDONII                         |                      |
| 511177                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | SMALLIANA                         |                      |
| 1736782                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | SONOMENSIS                        |                      |
| 30329                                                              | SYNTYPE                       | SPECIFICA                         |                      |
| 2006386                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | SPECUICOLA                        |                      |
| 452499                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | STELLATA                          |                      |
| 616142                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | STENOPHYLLA                       | VAR DESERTORUM       |
| 969091                                                             | TYPE COLLECTION               | STIPATA                           | VAR MAXIMA           |
| 28683                                                              | ISOTYPE                       | SUB-BRACTEATA                     |                      |
| 1765699                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | SUBNIGRICANS                      |                      |
| 710428                                                             | TYPE MATERIAL                 | SUB TRANSVERSA                    |                      |
| 1437926                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | SUKSDORFII                        |                      |
| 1932033                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | TACHIRENSIS                       |                      |
| 2092356                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | TETSUOI                           |                      |
| 2604281                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | TOMPKINSI                         |                      |
| 568126                                                             | HOLOTYPE                      | TOWNSENOII                        |                      |
| 1675120                                                            | TYPE MATERIAL                 | TSOI                              |                      |
| 1933688                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | TURUMIQUIRENSIS                   |                      |
| 1872573                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | VERNACULA                         | VAR HOBSONII         |
| 2050647                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | VESICARIA                         | VAR LAURENTIANA      |
| 2231425                                                            | HOLOTYPE                      | VEX ANS                           |                      |
| 886234                                                             | TYPE                          | VIRIDIOR                          |                      |
| 1967819                                                            | ISOTYPE                       | VITIENSIS                         |                      |
| 279151                                                             | ISOTYPE                       | VITREA                            |                      |
| 2074653                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | WAHUENSIS                         | VAR RUBIGINOSA       |
| 2133191                                                            | TYPE COLLECTION               | WILLDENOWI I                      | VAR MEGARRHYNCHA     |
| 2050636                                                            | ISOTYPE X                     | XANTHINA                          |                      |

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1 This is No. 70 in the Flora North America Report series.

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