# Patent

## Title
Implement frame tube joint with weldable connector

## Abstract

A tube over tube joint for an implement frame includes a self-fixturing weldable connector positioned between upper and lower tubes. Standard fillet welds connect the tubes to the connector. A unitary casting can be used made from material selected to optimize load transfer between the top and bottom tubes to improve the fatigue life of the joint. The casting is self-fixturing so the top tubes can be located by simply placing in the casting on the lower tubes. A tube end connector provides fixturing and weld surfaces for butt joints in planar frames. Outwardly extended weld edges on the connector increase resistance to parallelogramming.

## Background
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to agricultural implement frames and, more specifically to tube joints for such frames.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Many agricultural implement frames include tubular members welded or connected together by brackets. The joints are subjected to very high loads and stresses.
Tube over tube connections for an implement frame construction typically employ one of two methods of construction. The first method includes welding the top and bottom tubes directly together using flare bevel welds. The direct weld procedure requires joint welds in hard to reach positions. If welds are required around tube corners, robotic welding techniques often are not used since programming the robot to closely follow the corners is not always possible. Fatigue and less than optimum load transfer characteristics of some joints can result in a weakened frame. The second method of frame construction uses gusset plates vertically extending between the top and bottom tubes and welded to the tubes. The weld positioning is better using the gusset method than the direct tube to tube weld method, but gusset weld methods often result in a joint with a lower fatigue life compared to other types of joints.
A further method involves tube through tube construction such as shown and described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 6,016,877. Such construction provides excellent frame tube joints and a very strong overall frame without need for extensive fixturing during manufacture, but such joints require laser cut apertures through tubes and are relatively expensive to produce. In addition, welding tube ends to adjoining tubes in the same plane continues to be a source of difficulty.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved frame joint for an agricultural implement frame. It is another object to provide such a joint that overcomes most or all of the aforementioned problems.
It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved welded frame joint for an implement which is stronger, subject to less fatigue, and easier to manufacture than at least most previously available implement frame joints. It is another object to provide such a joint which is self-fixturing and is easily weldable using standard fillet welds at conveniently accessed locations.
Tube over tube implement frame joints include self-fixturing weldable castings positioned between upper and lower tubes. Standard fillet welds connect the tubes to the casting at conveniently accessible locations. The material in the casting is selected to optimize load transfer between the top and bottom tubes to improve the fatigue life of the joint. The weldable casting can be placed at any required joint area and provides an easy weld joint for both human and robotic welders. Since the casting is self fixturing, the top tubes can be located by simply placing in the casting without need for costly fixtures. In another embodiment of the invention, castings are provided at the ends of tubes to facilitate butt joint fixturing and welding for connecting tubes lying in the same plane. The above-described connections spread the weld locations for increased resistance to parallelogramming and better load balancing at the joints. The connections also provide added strength and fatigue resistance at tube joints adjacent hinge locations.
These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the description below taken in view of the drawings.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of an agricultural implement frame.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a frame joint for the frame of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a connector utilized with the frame joint of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a connector utilized for a tube over tube construction.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the connector of FIG. 4 welded to frame tube.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a frame butt joint for connecting a tube end to an adjoining tube in generally the same plane.



DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. 1, therein is shown an implement frame 10 having transversely extending tubular beam or frame tubes 12, 14 and 16 connected to fore-and-aft extending tubular beam or frame tubes 18, 20, 22, 24 and 26. The beams are rectangular in cross-section with rounded corners, and a beam over beam construction is utilized to connect the tubes 12, 14 and 16 to the beams 20, 22, 24 and 26 to provide a main frame of generally rectangular configuration. The right ends (as viewed in FIG. 1) of the beams 12-16 are connected to the inside face of the fore-and-aft beam 18. For purposes of the description, the beams 20-26 are designated as lower or first beams and the beams 12-16 are designated as upper or second beams, but it is to be understood that the positions can be reversed or otherwise changed and that the upper and lower designations are for providing a reference for clarity in the description of the drawings. Earthworking or seeding tools and hitch structure (not shown) for towing the frame forwardly (F) through a field with the tools engaging the soil. The heavy loads encountered by the implement frame 10 during transport and field-working operations require strong connections at the beam joints.
To provide self-fixturing and a strong, permanent connection between the upper and lower beams, a weldable connector or casting 30 is positioned at joint locations. The casting 30 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 includes an upwardly directed channel or saddle portion 32 (FIG. 3) and a downwardly opening channel or saddle portion 34. For a right-angle joint as shown in the figures, the saddle portion 32 includes a channel 32c conforming generally to the shape of the upper beam 16 (FIG. 2) and a channel 34c conforming generally to the shape of the lower beam 20 and perpendicular to the channel 32c. The connector 30 can be fixed to one of the beams and functions as a fixture to locate the other of the beams. The channel configurations thus provide easy and reliable set up of the frame components without need for additional fixturing.
As best seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the connector 30 includes opposite pairs of bifurcated flanged or leg portions 40 having generally planar inside surfaces 44 defining the channel 34c. Slots 46 with arc-shaped top portions 48 separate the leg portions 40, and tapered flanges 50 project outwardly from the channel 34c. The leg portions 40 extend upwardly to a connection with bottom 32b (FIG. 3) of the saddle portion 32. The bottom 32b is generally open between the opposite leg portions 40.
Planar channel walls 52 extend upwardly from the bottom 32b to define the channel portion 32c. The walls 52 include uppermost edges 56 having a height approximately half the dimension of the corresponding wall of the beam 16. A notch 58 is centrally located in each uppermost edge and provides a paint drainage channel. The connector 30 is fixed to the upper beam 16 or first frame tube by welds at locations 60 between the corners of the beam. The first frame tube is welded at the central locations to the uppermost edges so that the first frame tube is substantially devoid of welds adjacent corners of the tube. The welds 60 are offset from the corners for easy access, to reduce or eliminate the welds at the beam corners, and to provide better load and stress distribution at the joints. The leg portions 40 are welded to the corresponding walls of the beam 20 at locations 62 also offset from the beam corners.
In an alternate embodiment (FIGS. 4 and 5), a connector 70 includes opposite leg portions 80 which are generally planar and define the channel 34c of saddle portion 34′. The leg portions 80 extend upwardly to a connection with bottom 82b of saddle portion 32′. The bottom 82b is open between the leg portions 80 and connects to planar channel side walls 92 having top edges 96 with a central raised edge portion 98. A side extension 100 is located outwardly of each of the side walls 92 and provides a conveniently located edge for connecting the extension to the top surface of the tube 20 (FIG. 5) at weld location 102. The opposite edges of the leg portions 80 are welded at 104 to the side walls of the tube 20. The welds 104 are offset from the tube corners. The edges 96 are welded at locations 106 to the upright side walls of the tube 16. The extension 100 provides a central weld location relative to the adjoining beam 20 and provides good distribution of stress at the joint. By spreading out the weld locations with the connectors as shown, resistance to parallelogramming is increased and stresses on the tubes are reduced. The joint is thus strengthened, and problems of in-plane shearing caused by frame parallelogramming are reduced or eliminated. The raised portion 98 does not require welding and provides a locator for the innermost portions the welds 106.
To provide butt joints for a planar configuration (FIG. 6), a weldable connector 132 includes a saddle portion 132 opening towards a first beam or tube 20′. The saddle portion 132 includes leg portions 140 similar in construction to the leg portions 40 described above for FIGS. 2 and 3 and defining a channel 134c for receipt on the tube 20′. A saddle portion 144 conforms to the cut end of a second tube 16′ and includes planar channel walls 162 with curved edges 170 which are welded at locations 172 to opposite walls of the tube 16′. The welds at 172 are offset inwardly from the corners of the tube 16′. Welds 174 connect the leg portions 140 to the walls of the tube 20′ inwardly of the adjacent corners of the tube. A hinge receiving end of the tube 20′ can receive hinge structure (not shown) for connecting one section of the implement frame to an adjoining section adjacent the connector 132. The above-described joint provides a strong and fatigue-resistant connection at the hinge area.
Having described the preferred embodiment, it will become apparent that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

## Claims

1. An agricultural implement frame comprising:
a first frame tube of rectangular cross section;
a second frame tube of rectangular cross section;
the first and second frame tubes each having lengths and opposed side walls connected at corners by upper and lower walls; and
a self-fixturing permanent connection located at a joint location between the first and second frame tubes, the permanent connection including a weldable connector insertible between the first and second frame tubes along the lengths of the tubes inwardly of ends of the tubes and having an upwardly directed channel with planar upright walls having uppermost edges terminating adjacent the first frame tube side walls adjacent central locations on the side walls of the first frame tube between the upper and lower walls of the first frame tube, wherein the planar upright walls contact and are parallel to the side walls of the first frame tube, the weldable connector including a downwardly open channel, the upwardly directed channel conforming generally to the shape of a lower portion of first frame tube, and the downwardly opening channel conforming generally to the shape of an upper portion of the second frame tube, wherein the connector functions as a fixture to locate the first and second frame tubes relative to each other during assembly, wherein the first frame tube is welded at the central locations to the uppermost edges and is substantially devoid of welds adjacent the corners for welding access and distribution of frame tube load and stress.

2. The implement frame as set forth in claim 1 wherein the downwardly open channel includes opposite pairs of bifurcated leg portions having generally planar inside surfaces parallel to the side walls of the second tube and defining the downwardly open channel.

3. The implement frame as set forth in claim 2 further including arc-shaped top portions separating the leg portions.

4. The implement frame as set forth in claim 2 wherein the leg portions are flanged.

5. The implement frame as set forth in claim 4 wherein the connector is open between the downwardly open channel and the upwardly directed channel between the opposite leg portions.

6. The implement frame as set forth in claim 2 wherein the leg portions are welded to the side walls of the second frame tube at locations offset from the corners of the side walls of the second frame tube.

7. The implement frame as set forth in claim 1 wherein each of the uppermost edges is welded at two offset locations to the first frame tube.

8. The implement frame as set forth in claim 7 including a paint drainage notch centrally located between the offset locations of each uppermost edge and separating the two offset locations.

9. The implement frame as set forth in claim 1 wherein the first frame tube is perpendicular to the second frame tube.