### aeo2010r.d111809a **2007 2008**  **2009 2010**  Report Annual Energy Outlook 2010 Scenario aeo2010r Datekey d111809a Release Date December 2009



### Table 112. Components of Selected Petroleum Product Prices **(2008 dollars per gallon) United States**  Product Price Components **2007 2008**  **2009 2010**  **Diesel (Transportation Sector)** End-User Price 2.96 3.79 2.44 2.62 Federal Taxes 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.23 State Taxes 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.22 Distribution Costs 0.19 0.35 0.34 0.22 Wholesale Price 2.29 2.99 1.64 1.95 **Motor Gasoline (A ll Sectors)**  End-User Price 2.89 3.24 2.33 2.49 Federal Taxes 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.17 State Taxes 1/ 0.25 0.24 0.23 0.23 Distribution Costs 0.16 0.19 0.19 0.15 Wholesale Price 2.23 2.63 1.68 1.93 **Jet Fuel** End-User Price 2.13 3.07 1.72 2.00 Federal Taxes 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 State Taxes 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 Distribution Costs 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Wholesale Price 2.05 3.70 2.33 1.91 **Residential Distillate Fuel Oil/ Heating Oil** End-User Price 2.82 3.39 2.49 2.44 Distribution Costs 0.48 0.49 0.49 0.49 Wholesale Price 2.26 2.77 1.56 1.94 **Imported Low Sulfur Light Crude Oil Price 2/ 1.76**  **2.37 1.41**  **1.67 Imported Crude Oil Price 2/**  **1.64 2.20**  **1.35 1.60** 1/ Includes a 2 cent average local tax.

2/ Weighted average price delivered to U.S. refiners. - - = Not applicable. Sources: 2008 distribution costs and wholesale prices: estimated based on Energy Information Administration (EIA) Form EIA-782A, "Refiners'/Gas Plant Operators' Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report" and EIA-782B, "Resellers'/Retailers' Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report." 2008 diesel, gasoline, and jet fuel taxes: Defense Energy Support Center, "Compilation of United States Fuel Taxes, Inspection Fees, and Environmental Taxes and Fees", July 2008. 2007 and 2008 end-user prices: estimated as the sum of the components. Projections: EIA, AEO2010 National Energy Modeling System run aeo2010r.d111809a.**2011 2012**  **2013 2014**  **2015 2016**  **2017 2018**  **2019**

Reference case

**2011 2012**  **2013 2014**  **2015 2016**  **2017 2018**  **2019**
2.65 2.81 2.95 3.05 3.14 3.24 3.32 3.41 3.47 0.23 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 1.98 2.15 2.29 2.39 2.49 2.59 2.67 2.77 2.82
2.53 2.67 2.91 3.02 3.07 3.14 3.20 3.25 3.29 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 1.96 2.10 2.34 2.46 2.51 2.58 2.65 2.70 2.74
2.05 2.23 2.39 2.49 2.57 2.67 2.75 2.83 2.88 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.97 2.15 2.31 2.41 2.49 2.59 2.68 2.76 2.81
2.46 2.61 2.75 2.85 2.92 3.05 3.14 3.23 3.29 0.49 0.49 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.51 1.97 2.12 2.26 2.36 2.42 2.55 2.63 2.72 2.78 **1.74 1.89**  **2.04 2.16**  **2.25 2.34**  **2.41 2.49**  **2.54 1.59**  **1.74 1.88**  **2.00 2.07**  **2.15 2.21**  **2.28 2.31** Sources: 2008 distribution costs and wholesale prices: estimated based on Energy Information Administration (EIA) Form EIA-782A, "Refiners'/Gas Plant Operators' Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report" and EIA-782B, "Resellers'/Retailers' Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report." 2008 diesel, gasoline, and jet fuel taxes: Defense Energy Support Center, "Compilation of United States Fuel Taxes, Inspection Fees, and Environmental Taxes and Fees", July 2008. 2007 and 2008 end-user prices: estimated**2020 2021**  **2022 2023**  **2024 2025**  **2026 2027**  **2028**

**2020 2021**  **2022 2023**  **2024 2025**  **2026 2027**  **2028**
3.51 3.53 3.58 3.60 3.61 3.65 3.68 3.71 3.76 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 2.87 2.90 2.95 2.97 2.99 3.03 3.06 3.10 3.14
3.34 3.37 3.41 3.44 3.45 3.49 3.53 3.57 3.62 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 2.79 2.82 2.87 2.90 2.91 2.96 3.00 3.03 3.09
2.93 2.95 2.98 3.03 3.05 3.09 3.13 3.17 3.23 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.85 2.88 2.91 2.95 2.98 3.02 3.06 3.10 3.16
3.34 3.36 3.39 3.43 3.46 3.50 3.54 3.57 3.61 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 2.83 2.85 2.87 2.92 2.94 2.98 3.02 3.05 3.09 **2.58 2.61**  **2.64 2.67**  **2.71 2.74**  **2.78 2.82**  **2.86 2.34**  **2.36 2.39**  **2.43 2.46**  **2.49 2.51**  **2.54 2.58** **2029 2030**  **2031 2032**  **2033 2034**  **2035**

**2008-**

**2029 2030**  **2031 2032**  **2033 2034**  **2035 2035** 
3.81 3.83 3.89 3.94 3.99 4.04 4.11 0.3% 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 -1.9% 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.0% 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 -1.5% 3.20 3.23 3.29 3.35 3.39 3.45 3.52 0.6%
3.66 3.68 3.72 3.77 3.80 3.85 3.91 0.7% 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 -1.9% 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.1% 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 -0.6% 3.13 3.16 3.20 3.25 3.28 3.33 3.40 0.9%
3.28 3.31 3.36 3.42 3.46 3.52 3.58 0.6% 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 -1.9% 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.0% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0% 3.20 3.24 3.29 3.35 3.40 3.45 3.51 -0.2%
3.67 3.69 3.75 3.81 3.86 3.92 3.97 0.6% 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.3% 3.15 3.17 3.23 3.28 3.33 3.38 3.44 0.8% **2.91 2.94**  **2.99 3.03**  **3.08 3.13**  **3.17 1.1%**  **2.63 2.65**  **2.71 2.75**  **2.79 2.84**  **2.89 1.0%** 

### ref2011.d120810c **2008 2009**  **2010 2011**  **2012 2013**  Report Annual Energy Outlook 2011 Scenario ref2011 Reference case Datekey d120810c Release Date December 2010 

### 131. Components of Selected Petroleum Product Prices **(2009 dollars per gallon) United States**  Product Price Components **2008 2009**  **2010 2011**  **2012 2013**  **Diesel (Transportation Sector)** End-User Price 3.84 2.44 2.89 3.03 2.92 2.98 Federal Taxes 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.23 State Taxes 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Distribution Costs 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 Wholesale Price 3.07 1.67 2.13 2.26 2.29 2.35 **Motor Gasoline (A ll Sectors)**  End-User Price 3.31 2.34 2.68 2.80 2.82 2.97 Federal Taxes 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 State Taxes 1/ 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Distribution Costs 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.16 0.15 0.15 Wholesale Price 2.63 1.79 2.14 2.26 2.25 2.40 **Jet Fuel** End-User Price 3.15 1.70 2.13 2.28 2.44 2.49 Federal Taxes 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 State Taxes 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Distribution Costs 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Wholesale Price 3.09 1.64 2.07 2.22 2.36 2.41 **Residential Distillate Fuel Oil/ Heating Oil** End-User Price 3.43 2.51 2.87 3.01 2.77 2.83 Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Distribution Costs 0.49 0.44 0.49 0.50 0.49 0.49 Wholesale Price 2.79 1.68 2.08 2.22 2.27 2.33 **Imported Low Sulfur Light Crude Oil Price 2/ 2.39**  **1.47 1.86**  **1.98 2.05**  **2.10 Imported Crude Oil Price 2/**  **2.22 1.41**  **1.78 1.91**  **1.92 1.97** 1/ Includes a 2 cent average local tax.

2/ Weighted average price delivered to U.S. refiners. - - = Not applicable. Sources: 2009 distribution costs and wholesale prices: estimated based on Energy Information Administration (EIA) Form EIA-782A, "Refiners'/Gas Plant Operators' Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report" and EIA-782B, "Resellers'/Retailers' Monthly Petroleum Product Sales Report." 2009 diesel, gasoline, and jet fuel taxes: Defense Energy Support Center, "Compilation of United States Fuel Taxes, Inspection Fees, and Environmental Taxes and Fees", July 2008. 2008 and 2009 end-user prices: estimated as the sum of the components. Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run ref2011.d120810c.**2014 2015**  **2016 2017**  **2018 2019**  **2020 2021**  **2022**

**2014 2015**  **2016 2017**  **2018 2019**  **2020 2021**  **2022**
3.03 3.09 3.21 3.29 3.38 3.46 3.53 3.53 3.59 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 2.41 2.47 2.59 2.68 2.77 2.86 2.93 2.94 2.99
3.06 3.14 3.18 3.25 3.29 3.34 3.38 3.38 3.43 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 2.50 2.58 2.62 2.69 2.73 2.79 2.84 2.84 2.89
2.54 2.56 2.67 2.77 2.84 2.91 2.97 3.01 3.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.46 2.48 2.59 2.69 2.77 2.84 2.90 2.93 2.97
2.88 2.93 3.05 3.15 3.24 3.31 3.37 3.40 3.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.49 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.51 2.39 2.42 2.53 2.63 2.71 2.79 2.84 2.87 2.91 **2.18 2.25**  **2.33 2.40**  **2.46 2.52**  **2.57 2.63**  **2.67 2.03**  **2.07 2.12**  **2.18 2.24**  **2.30 2.35**  **2.40 2.44** **2023 2024**  **2025 2026**  **2027 2028**  **2029 2030**  **2031**

**2023 2024**  **2025 2026**  **2027 2028**  **2029 2030**  **2031**
3.64 3.69 3.74 3.76 3.81 3.81 3.87 3.83 3.85 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 3.05 3.11 3.15 3.18 3.23 3.24 3.30 3.27 3.29
3.46 3.51 3.55 3.58 3.62 3.62 3.68 3.64 3.65 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 2.92 2.97 3.02 3.05 3.09 3.09 3.15 3.12 3.12
3.09 3.14 3.18 3.21 3.25 3.28 3.30 3.34 3.36 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.02 3.07 3.11 3.14 3.18 3.21 3.24 3.27 3.29
3.50 3.56 3.60 3.63 3.68 3.69 3.73 3.73 3.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 2.96 3.00 3.04 3.08 3.11 3.14 3.16 3.19 3.22 **2.72 2.76**  **2.80 2.83**  **2.86 2.88**  **2.91 2.93**  **2.94 2.48**  **2.53 2.56**  **2.59 2.62**  **2.64 2.66**  **2.67 2.69** **2032 2033**  **2034 2035** 

**2009-**

**2032 2033**  **2034 2035**  **2035**
3.85 3.86 3.87 3.89 1.8% 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 -1.8% 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.0% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.1% 3.29 3.30 3.32 3.34 2.7%
3.65 3.66 3.67 3.69 1.8% 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 -1.8% 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.1% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.1% 3.13 3.14 3.16 3.18 2.2%
3.37 3.38 3.39 3.41 2.7% 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 -1.8% 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.0% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0% 3.30 3.31 3.33 3.35 2.8%
3.77 3.78 3.80 3.82 1.6% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.6% 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.27 2.6% **2.96 2.97**  **2.97 2.98**  **2.8% 2.69**  **2.70 2.71**  **2.72 2.6%** **Product Price Components 2008** **2009 2010** **2011 2012** **2013 2014** **2015 2016** **2017**

**Diesel (Transportation Sector)** End-User Price 3.842.442.893.032.922.973.023.083.193.29 Federal Taxes 0.240.240.240.240.230.230.230.220.220.21 State Taxes 0.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.22 Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Distribution Costs 0.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.18 Wholesale Price 3.071.672.132.262.292.34 2.42.472.582.68 **Motor Gasoline (All Sectors)** End-User Price 3.312.342.68 2.82.822.973.053.133.183.25 Federal Taxes 0.180.180.180.180.170.170.170.160.160.16 State Taxes 1/ 0.250.240.240.240.240.240.240.240.240.24 Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Distribution Costs 0.160.160.150.150.150.150.150.160.160.16 Wholesale Price 2.631.792.142.262.252.412.492.572.62 2.7 **Jet Fuel** End-User Price 3.15 1.72.132.282.442.492.532.572.682.77 Federal Taxes 0.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.04 State Taxes 0.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.04 Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Distribution Costs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wholesale Price 3.091.642.072.222.362.412.452.49 2.62.69 **Residential Distillate Fuel Oil/ Heating Oil** End-User Price 3.432.512.873.012.762.822.872.933.053.15 Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Distribution Costs 0.490.440.49 0.50.490.490.49 0.5 0.5 0.5 Wholesale Price 2.791.682.082.222.272.322.382.432.542.63 **Imported Low Sulfur Light Crude Oil Price 2/ 2.39** **1.47 1.86** **1.98 2.04**  **2.1 2.18** **2.25 2.32** **2.39 Imported Crude Oil Price 2/**  **2.22 1.41** **1.78 1.91** **1.92 1.97** **2.03 2.07** **2.12 2.18**  - - = Not applicable. 

### Components of Selected Petroleum Product Prices, United States, Reference case **(2009 dollars per gallon)**

1/ Includes a 2 cent average local tax. 2/ Weighted average price delivered to U.S. refiners. Sources: 2009 distribution costs and wholesale prices: estimated based on U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Form EIA-782A, Refiners'/Gas Plant Operators' Monthly Petroleum Product"Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System.

Sales Report and EIA-782B 2009 diesel, gasoline, and jet fuel taxes: Defense Energy Support Center, Compilation of" United States Fuel Taxes, Inspection Fees, and Environmental Taxes and Fees 2008 and 2009 end-user prices: estimated as the sum of the components.**2018 2019** **2020 2021** **2022 2023** **2024 2025** **2026 2027** **2028 2029** **2030 2031** **2032 2033** **2034**

3.383.473.523.543.613.633.713.733.75 3.83.823.873.833.843.853.853.87 0.21 0.2 0.2 0.20.190.190.190.180.180.180.170.170.170.160.160.160.15 0.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.220.22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.180.18 2.772.862.922.943.023.043.123.143.173.233.25 3.33.273.283.293.293.32
3.33.343.383.393.453.473.523.543.563.623.633.683.643.643.653.663.69 0.150.150.150.140.140.140.140.130.130.130.130.130.120.120.120.120.11 0.240.240.240.240.240.240.240.240.240.240.240.240.240.240.240.240.24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.160.16 2.752.792.832.842.912.932.98 33.033.08 3.13.153.123.123.133.143.17
2.852.922.973.013.053.093.143.183.223.253.27 3.33.333.353.363.373.39 0.040.040.040.040.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.030.03 0.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.782.85 2.92.942.983.013.073.113.153.183.213.233.273.283.29 3.33.32

3.243.323.373.413.473.493.563.593.633.67 3.73.743.743.753.763.77 3.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.50.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.510.51 2.712.792.842.872.912.953.013.043.083.113.143.17 3.23.213.223.233.25
**2.46 2.52** **2.57 2.63** **2.68 2.72** **2.76 2.8** **2.83 2.86** **2.89 2.91** **2.93 2.95** **2.96 2.96** **2.97 2.24**  **2.3 2.35**  **2.4 2.44** **2.48 2.52** **2.56 2.59** **2.62 2.64** **2.66 2.68** **2.69 2.69**  **2.7 2.7** 
Information Administration (EIA) Form EIA-782A, Refiners'/Gas Plant Operators' Monthly Petroleum Product"**2035 Growth Rate (2009-2035)** 

3.89 1.80% 0.15 -1.80% 0.22 0.00% 0- - 0.18 0.10% 3.34 2.70%
3.71 1.80% 0.11 -1.80% 0.24 0.10% 0- - 0.16 0.10% 3.19 2.20%
3.41 2.70% 0.03 -1.80% 0.04 0.00% 0- - 0 0.00% 3.35 2.80%

3.82 1.60% 0- - 0.51 0.60% 3.27 2.60%
**2.97 2.80%**  **2.71 2.60%** 

### ref2011.d120810c **2008 2009**  **2010 2011**  **2012** Report Annual Energy Outlook 2011 Scenario ref2011 Reference case Datekey d120810c Release Date December 2010


### 3. Energy

**Prices by**

**Sector and Source (2009 dollars per million Btu, unless otherwise noted)**  Sector and Source **2008 2009**  **2010 2011**  **2012 Residential**  Liquefied Petroleum Gases 29.46 24.63 26.49 26.72 28.50 Distillate Fuel Oil 24.75 18.12 20.68 21.67 19.94 Natural Gas 13.62 11.88 11.14 10.40 10.26 Electricity 33.16 33.62 33.59 31.62 31.85 **Commercial** Liquefied Petroleum Gases 26.70 21.49 20.99 26.27 25.05 Distillate Fuel Oil 21.81 15.97 18.22 19.08 18.08 Residual Fuel 15.80 13.45 13.81 14.92 11.66 Natural Gas 11.99 9.68 9.04 9.17 8.89 Electricity 30.50 29.51 28.49 27.67 27.42 **Industrial 1/** Liquefied Petroleum Gases 24.95 20.59 22.10 27.91 22.04 Distillate Fuel Oil 22.57 16.56 18.90 19.79 18.09 Residual Fuel Oil 16.26 12.05 12.32 13.35 13.60 Natural Gas 2/ 9.08 5.25 4.90 4.93 4.88 Metallurgical Coal 4.53 5.43 6.22 6.10 6.09 Other Industrial Coal 2.93 3.05 3.05 3.00 2.96 Coal to Liquids 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Electricity 19.97 19.79 18.95 18.04 18.03 **Transportation** Liquefied Petroleum Gases 3/ 30.23 25.52 27.24 27.50 29.31 E85 4/ 35.36 20.50 24.89 26.09 23.68 Motor Gasoline 5/ 27.06 19.28 22.12 23.18 23.33 Jet Fuel 6/ 23.30 12.59 15.76 16.88 18.09 Diesel Fuel (distillate fuel oil) 7/ 27.97 17.79 21.07 22.10 21.29 Residual Fuel Oil 14.57 10.57 10.82 11.72 11.36 Natural Gas 8/ 17.20 12.71 12.15 12.11 12.04Electricity 34.68 34.92 30.30 31.04 31.04 **2008 2009**  **2010 2011**  **2012** $/kwh 0.1184 $ 0.1192

$ 0.1034

$ 0.1059

$ 0.1059

$ **Electric Power 9/** Distillate Fuel Oil 19.56 14.33 16.38 17.22 15.70 Residual Fuel Oil 14.75 8.96 11.43 12.12 11.88 Natural Gas 9.10 4.82 5.18 4.79 4.69 Steam Coal 2.07 2.20 2.26 2.22 2.16 **A verage Price to A** **ll Users 10/** Liquefied Petroleum Gases 20.70 17.43 18.03 20.60 20.61 E85 4/ 35.36 20.50 24.89 26.09 23.68 Motor Gasoline 5/ 26.88 19.23 22.07 23.16 23.33 Jet Fuel 23.30 12.59 15.76 16.88 18.09 Distillate Fuel Oil 26.53 17.51 20.54 21.56 20.43 Residual Fuel Oil 14.89 10.53 11.26 12.17 11.78 Natural Gas 10.56 7.28 6.95 6.70 6.60 Metallurgical Coal 4.53 5.43 6.22 6.10 6.09 Other Coal 2.12 2.25 2.30 2.27 2.21 Coal to Liquids 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Electricity 28.65 28.69 28.09 26.59 26.55 **Non-Renewable Energy Expenditures by Sector (billion 2009 dollars)**  Residential 256.17 238.63 247.99 224.58 225.42 Commercial 191.84 174.64 170.50 169.65 168.32 Industrial 249.50 179.25 194.35 214.45 202.74 Transportation 717.39 474.91 554.94 588.24 594.96 Total Non-Renewable Expenditures 1414.91 1067.44 1167.77 1196.92 1191.44 Transportation Renewable Expenditures 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.13 **Total Expenditures 1414.95**  **1067.50 1167.83**  **1197.00 1191.57**  **Prices in Nominal Dollars Residential**  Liquefied Petroleum Gases 29.18 24.63 26.72 27.31 29.46 Distillate Fuel Oil 24.52 18.12 20.87 22.15 20.61 Natural Gas 13.49 11.88 11.24 10.63 10.60 Electricity 32.85 33.62 33.88 32.32 32.92 **Commercial** Liquefied Petroleum Gases 26.45 21.49 21.18 26.85 25.89 Distillate Fuel Oil 21.61 15.97 18.38 19.50 18.69Residual Fuel 15.66 13.45 13.94 15.25 12.05

Natural Gas 11.88 9.68 9.12 9.37 9.19 Electricity 30.22 29.51 28.74 28.28 28.34 **Industrial 1/** Liquefied Petroleum Gases 24.72 20.59 22.29 28.53 22.78 Distillate Fuel Oil 22.36 16.56 19.06 20.23 18.70 Residual Fuel Oil 16.11 12.05 12.42 13.65 14.06 Natural Gas 2/ 8.99 5.25 4.95 5.04 5.04 Metallurgical Coal 4.49 5.43 6.27 6.24 6.29 Other Industrial Coal 2.90 3.05 3.07 3.07 3.06 Coal to Liquids 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Electricity 19.79 19.79 19.12 18.44 18.63 **Transportation** Liquefied Petroleum Gases 3/ 29.95 25.52 27.48 28.11 30.29 E85 4/ 35.03 20.50 25.11 26.67 24.48 Motor Gasoline 5/ 26.81 19.28 22.31 23.70 24.12 Jet Fuel 6/ 23.09 12.59 15.90 17.26 18.70 Diesel Fuel (distillate fuel oil) 7/ 27.71 17.79 21.26 22.58 22.00 Residual Fuel Oil 14.43 10.57 10.92 11.98 11.74 Natural Gas 8/ 17.04 12.71 12.26 12.38 12.44 Electricity 34.36 34.92 30.57 31.73 32.09 **Electric Power 9/** Distillate Fuel Oil 19.38 14.33 16.53 17.60 16.23 Residual Fuel Oil 14.61 8.96 11.53 12.39 12.28 Natural Gas 9.02 4.82 5.23 4.90 4.85 Steam Coal 2.05 2.20 2.28 2.27 2.24 **A verage Price to A** **ll Users 10/** Liquefied Petroleum Gases 20.51 17.43 18.19 21.06 21.30 E85 4/ 35.03 20.50 25.11 26.67 24.48 Motor Gasoline 5/ 26.63 19.23 22.27 23.67 24.12 Jet Fuel 23.09 12.59 15.90 17.26 18.70 Distillate Fuel Oil 26.28 17.51 20.72 22.03 21.11 Residual Fuel Oil 14.75 10.53 11.35 12.44 12.18 Natural Gas 10.46 7.28 7.01 6.85 6.82 Metallurgical Coal 4.49 5.43 6.27 6.24 6.29 Other Coal 2.10 2.25 2.32 2.32 2.28 Coal to Liquids 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Electricity 28.38 28.69 28.33 27.18 27.45 **Non-Renewable Energy Expenditures by Sector (billion nominal dollars)** Residential 253.79 238.63 250.16 229.56 233.01

Commercial 190.06 174.64 171.99 173.41 173.99 Industrial 247.18 179.25 196.05 219.20 209.57 Transportation 710.71 474.91 559.80 601.27 614.99 Total Non-Renewable Expenditures 1401.74 1067.44 1178.00 1223.45 1231.55 Transportation Renewable Expenditures 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.14 Total Expenditures 1401.78 1067.50 1178.07 1223.53 1231.69

1/ Includes energy for combined heat and power plants, except those whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. 2/ Excludes use for lease and plant fuel. 3/ Includes Federal and State taxes while excluding county and local taxes. 4/ E85 refers to a blend of 85 percent ethanol (renewable) and 15 percent motor gasoline (nonrenewable). To address cold starting issues, the percentage of ethanol varies seasonally. The annual average ethanol content of 74 percent is used for thie forecast. 5/ Sales weighted-average price for all grades. Includes Federal, State, and local taxes. 6/ Kerosene-type jet fuel. Includes Federal and State taxes while excluding county and local taxes. 7/ Diesel fuel for on-road use. Includes Federal and State taxes while excluding county and local taxes. 8/ Compressed natural gas used as a vehicle fuel. Includes estimated motor vehicle fuel taxes and estimated dispensing costs or charges. 9/ Includes electricity-only and combined heat and power plants whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. 10/ Weighted averages of end-use fuel prices are derived from the prices shown in each sector and the corresponding sectoral consumption. Btu = British thermal unit. - - = Not applicable. Note: Data for 2008 and 2009 are model results and may differ slightly from official EIA data reports. Sources: 2008 and 2009 prices for motor gasoline, distillate fuel oil, and jet fuel are based on prices in the Energy Information Administration (EIA), Petroleum Marketing Annual 2009, DOE/EIA-0487(2009) (Washington, DC, August 2010). 2008 residential and commercial natural gas delivered prices: EIA, Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA-0131(2008) (Washington, DC, March 2010). 2009 residential and commercial natural gas delivered prices: EIA, Natural Gas Monthly, DOE/EIA-0130(2010/07) (Washington, DC, July 2010). 2008 and 2009 industrial natural gas delivered prices are estimated based on: EIA, Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey 1994 and industrial and wellhead prices from the Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA-0131(2008) (Washington, DC, March 2010) and the Natural Gas Monthly, DOE/EIA-0130(2010/07) (Washington, DC, July 2010). 2008 transportation sector natural gas delivered prices are based on: EIA, Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA-0131(2008) (Washington, DC, March 2010) and estimated State taxes, Federal taxes, and dispensing costs or charges. 2009 transportation sector natural gas delivered prices are model results. 2008 and 2009 electric power prices based on: EIA, Monthly Energy Review, DOE/EIA-0035(2010/09) (Washington, DC, September 2010). 2008 and 2009 E85 prices 2008 and 2009 electric power sector natural gas prices: EIA, Electric Power Monthly, April 2009 and April 2010, Table 4.2. 2008 and 2009 coal prices based on: EIA, Quarterly Coal Report, October-December 2009, DOE/EIA-0121(2009/4Q) (Washington, DC, April 2010) and EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run ref2011.d120810c. 2008 and 2009 electricity prices: EIA, Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA-0384(2009) (Washington, DC, August 2010). 2008 and 2009 E85 prices derived from monthly prices in the Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Price Report. Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run ref2011.d120810c.**2013 2014**  **2015 2016**  **2017 2018**  **2019 2020**  **2021** Reference case

**2013 2014**  **2015 2016**  **2017 2018**  **2019 2020**  **2021**

28.95 29.45 29.80 30.24 30.79 31.30 31.77 32.21 32.62 20.40 20.80 21.14 22.01 22.69 23.33 23.90 24.32 24.51 10.28 10.24 10.31 10.39 10.53 10.66 10.78 10.95 11.14 32.05 32.02 32.00 31.84 31.75 31.65 31.51 31.43 31.33
25.50 25.99 26.34 26.78 27.32 27.83 28.30 28.73 29.14 18.53 18.93 19.30 20.15 20.77 21.40 21.94 22.37 22.59 12.23 12.86 13.26 13.71 14.17 14.60 14.79 15.19 15.53 8.76 8.55 8.59 8.63 8.72 8.82 8.90 9.05 9.19 27.17 27.01 27.01 26.93 26.84 26.74 26.66 26.62 26.56 22.51 23.01 23.35 23.79 24.33 24.86 25.35 25.81 26.22 18.55 18.97 19.39 20.24 20.84 21.48 22.03 22.47 22.69 13.90 14.43 14.84 15.29 15.68 16.12 16.40 16.72 16.96 4.94 4.94 5.00 5.09 5.16 5.25 5.32 5.44 5.58 6.16 6.06 6.05 6.03 6.13 6.20 6.27 6.33 6.34 2.95 2.93 2.93 2.92 2.94 2.94 2.94 2.94 2.95 0.00 0.00 1.80 1.82 1.84 1.87 1.89 1.91 1.88 17.91 17.88 17.90 17.89 17.88 17.84 17.82 17.81 17.81 29.74 30.23 30.58 31.01 31.55 32.06 32.52 32.96 33.37 24.92 25.73 26.38 26.35 27.21 27.89 28.50 28.74 28.78 24.54 25.32 25.97 26.34 26.92 27.28 27.79 28.15 28.15 18.47 18.79 18.93 19.75 20.49 21.04 21.56 22.03 22.27 21.73 22.14 22.56 23.40 24.00 24.66 25.26 25.73 25.77 11.73 12.23 12.69 13.11 13.53 14.00 14.29 14.62 14.86 12.12 12.13 12.13 12.13 12.18 12.23 12.27 12.35 12.4430.85 30.62 30.28 29.70 29.00 28.47 28.19 27.94 27.91

**2013 2014**  **2015 2016**  **2017 2018**  **2019 2020**  **2021** 0.1053 $ 0.1045

$ 0.1033

$ 0.1014

$ 0.0990

$ 0.0972

$ 0.0962

$ 0.0954

$ 0.0953

$
16.14 16.52 16.81 17.57 18.29 18.91 19.42 19.82 20.04 12.24 12.76 13.21 13.63 14.06 14.52 14.46 14.80 15.05 4.75 4.71 4.78 4.82 4.88 4.96 5.02 5.11 5.23 2.12 2.10 2.14 2.14 2.15 2.15 2.15 2.16 2.17
20.97 21.39 21.69 22.07 22.56 23.03 23.46 23.86 24.23 24.92 25.73 26.38 26.35 27.21 27.89 28.50 28.74 28.78 24.53 25.32 25.97 26.34 26.92 27.28 27.79 28.15 28.15 18.47 18.79 18.93 19.75 20.49 21.04 21.56 22.03 22.27 21.02 21.44 21.88 22.73 23.34 24.00 24.60 25.07 25.16 12.16 12.66 13.11 13.54 13.96 14.42 14.61 14.95 15.20 6.58 6.54 6.58 6.65 6.74 6.83 6.91 7.05 7.20 6.16 6.06 6.05 6.03 6.13 6.20 6.27 6.33 6.34 2.17 2.15 2.18 2.18 2.19 2.19 2.19 2.20 2.21 0.00 0.00 1.80 1.82 1.84 1.87 1.89 1.91 1.88 26.39 26.33 26.30 26.23 26.17 26.10 26.03 25.99 25.95
224.76 224.33 224.68 225.86 226.89 228.35 229.78 231.72 233.06 168.41 169.12 171.58 173.79 176.19 178.63 181.04 183.63 186.09 213.71 219.08 225.56 230.02 233.91 237.59 241.04 245.18 248.16 628.69 647.85 665.04 682.69 699.68 711.65 725.56 736.76 743.44 1235.57 1260.39 1286.86 1312.35 1336.67 1356.21 1377.42 1397.29 1410.74 0.17 0.20 0.23 0.75 2.72 5.07 6.88 9.13 6.40 **1235.74 1260.59**  **1287.09 1313.10**  **1339.39 1361.28**  **1384.30 1406.42**  **1417.15**

30.43 31.52 32.54 33.69 35.01 36.34 37.65 38.96 40.21 21.44 22.26 23.08 24.52 25.81 27.09 28.32 29.41 30.21 10.81 10.96 11.26 11.57 11.97 12.38 12.78 13.24 13.73 33.69 34.27 34.95 35.47 36.11 36.75 37.34 38.01 38.61 26.80 27.82 28.77 29.83 31.07 32.31 33.53 34.75 35.92 19.47 20.26 21.08 22.45 23.62 24.85 26.00 27.05 27.8412.85 13.77 14.48 15.27 16.11 16.96 17.52 18.37 19.14

9.20 9.16 9.38 9.61 9.92 10.24 10.55 10.94 11.33 28.55 28.92 29.50 30.01 30.52 31.05 31.59 32.19 32.74 23.66 24.63 25.50 26.50 27.66 28.87 30.04 31.21 32.32 19.50 20.30 21.18 22.55 23.70 24.94 26.10 27.17 27.97 14.61 15.45 16.21 17.03 17.83 18.72 19.43 20.22 20.90 5.19 5.29 5.46 5.67 5.87 6.09 6.30 6.58 6.88 6.47 6.49 6.60 6.71 6.97 7.20 7.43 7.66 7.81 3.10 3.14 3.19 3.26 3.34 3.41 3.48 3.56 3.63 0.00 0.00 1.97 2.03 2.10 2.17 2.24 2.31 2.32 18.83 19.13 19.55 19.94 20.33 20.72 21.12 21.54 21.95
31.26 32.36 33.39 34.55 35.88 37.22 38.54 39.86 41.12 26.19 27.54 28.81 29.35 30.95 32.39 33.78 34.76 35.47 25.79 27.11 28.36 29.34 30.61 31.68 32.93 34.05 34.69 19.41 20.11 20.68 22.00 23.30 24.43 25.55 26.64 27.45 22.84 23.70 24.64 26.07 27.29 28.63 29.93 31.12 31.76 12.33 13.09 13.86 14.61 15.39 16.25 16.93 17.69 18.32 12.74 12.98 13.24 13.51 13.85 14.20 14.54 14.93 15.33 32.43 32.77 33.06 33.08 32.98 33.06 33.41 33.79 34.41 16.96 17.68 18.36 19.57 20.80 21.95 23.02 23.97 24.70 12.87 13.65 14.42 15.19 15.99 16.86 17.13 17.90 18.55 4.99 5.04 5.22 5.37 5.55 5.76 5.95 6.18 6.45 2.23 2.25 2.33 2.38 2.44 2.49 2.55 2.61 2.67 22.03 22.89 23.68 24.59 25.66 26.74 27.80 28.86 29.86 26.19 27.54 28.81 29.35 30.95 32.39 33.78 34.76 35.47 25.79 27.11 28.36 29.34 30.61 31.68 32.93 34.04 34.69 19.41 20.11 20.68 22.00 23.30 24.43 25.55 26.64 27.45 22.09 22.95 23.89 25.33 26.55 27.87 29.15 30.32 31.01 12.78 13.55 14.32 15.08 15.87 16.74 17.31 18.08 18.73 6.92 7.00 7.18 7.41 7.66 7.93 8.19 8.52 8.87 6.47 6.49 6.60 6.71 6.97 7.20 7.43 7.66 7.81 2.28 2.30 2.38 2.43 2.50 2.55 2.60 2.67 2.72 0.00 0.00 1.97 2.03 2.10 2.17 2.24 2.31 2.32 27.73 28.18 28.73 29.22 29.76 30.30 30.85 31.44 31.98236.22 240.13 245.36 251.63 258.01 265.15 272.29 280.23 287.25

177.00 181.03 187.38 193.62 200.35 207.42 214.53 222.07 229.36 224.61 234.51 246.32 256.26 266.00 275.88 285.63 296.51 305.87 660.76 693.47 726.25 760.58 795.64 826.35 859.78 891.01 916.31 1298.60 1349.14 1405.30 1462.09 1520.00 1574.80 1632.24 1689.82 1738.78 0.17 0.21 0.25 0.84 3.09 5.89 8.15 11.05 7.89 1298.77 1349.35 1405.55 1462.93 1523.09 1580.69 1640.39 1700.87 1746.68

1/ Includes energy for combined heat and power plants, except those whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, 4/ E85 refers to a blend of 85 percent ethanol (renewable) and 15 percent motor gasoline (nonrenewable). To address cold starting issues,
8/ Compressed natural gas used as a vehicle fuel. Includes estimated motor vehicle fuel taxes and estimated dispensing costs or charges. 9/ Includes electricity-only and combined heat and power plants whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the 10/ Weighted averages of end-use fuel prices are derived from the prices shown in each sector and the corresponding sectoral consumption.

2008, DOE/EIA-0131(2008) (Washington, DC, March 2010) and estimated State taxes, Federal taxes, and dispensing costs or charges.

October-December 2009, DOE/EIA-0121(2009/4Q) (Washington, DC, April 2010) and EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run ref2011.d120810c.**2022 2023**  **2024 2025**  **2026 2027**  **2028 2029**  **2030**

**2022 2023**  **2024 2025**  **2026 2027**  **2028 2029**  **2030** 32.98 33.32 33.64 33.92 34.15 34.39 34.56 34.70 34.86 24.88 25.27 25.64 25.96 26.21 26.52 26.64 26.93 26.92 11.33 11.54 11.72 11.91 12.07 12.23 12.36 12.49 12.63 31.27 31.23 31.19 31.22 31.24 31.22 31.22 31.27 31.18
29.49 29.83 30.15 30.42 30.65 30.88 31.05 31.19 31.34 22.99 23.38 23.75 24.08 24.31 24.62 24.72 25.05 24.99 16.20 16.68 16.88 17.05 17.21 17.37 17.50 17.56 17.69 9.34 9.52 9.69 9.84 9.98 10.10 10.22 10.31 10.41 26.56 26.61 26.64 26.70 26.70 26.63 26.62 26.65 26.59 26.60 26.94 27.27 27.53 27.76 27.98 28.14 28.24 28.39 23.14 23.54 23.92 24.27 24.50 24.83 24.90 25.29 25.15 17.34 17.73 17.97 18.19 18.39 18.57 18.63 18.58 18.68 5.73 5.90 6.07 6.22 6.34 6.45 6.54 6.59 6.66 6.35 6.40 6.43 6.46 6.48 6.47 6.47 6.54 6.51 2.96 2.97 2.99 3.00 3.03 3.03 3.02 3.05 3.04 1.91 1.89 1.93 1.81 1.79 1.91 1.95 2.00 1.99 17.85 17.91 17.96 18.01 18.06 18.08 18.16 18.24 18.24 33.72 34.05 34.37 34.64 34.86 35.09 35.26 35.40 35.55 28.29 28.74 29.20 29.55 29.86 30.21 30.22 30.67 30.37 28.53 28.85 29.22 29.60 29.82 30.17 30.14 30.67 30.35 22.55 22.89 23.25 23.54 23.80 24.04 24.31 24.48 24.70 26.17 26.56 26.93 27.27 27.46 27.79 27.79 28.21 27.98 15.13 15.49 15.78 16.03 16.26 16.45 16.58 16.58 16.70 12.54 12.68 12.79 12.90 12.99 13.07 13.14 13.19 13.2428.02 28.19 28.36 28.65 28.93 29.13 29.42 29.71 29.95

**2022 2023**  **2024 2025**  **2026 2027**  **2028 2029**  **2030** 0.0956 $ 0.0962

$ 0.0968

$ 0.0978

$ 0.0987

$ 0.0994

$ 0.1004

$ 0.1014

$ 0.1022

$
20.29 20.67 21.00 21.30 21.57 21.81 22.06 22.15 22.35 15.38 15.76 16.02 16.25 16.45 16.64 16.75 16.74 16.87 5.36 5.52 5.67 5.82 5.94 6.06 6.15 6.21 6.29 2.18 2.20 2.22 2.24 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.30 2.31
24.56 24.87 25.18 25.45 25.68 25.92 26.09 26.23 26.39 28.29 28.74 29.20 29.55 29.86 30.21 30.22 30.67 30.37 28.53 28.85 29.22 29.60 29.82 30.17 30.14 30.67 30.35 22.55 22.89 23.25 23.54 23.80 24.04 24.31 24.48 24.70 25.57 25.96 26.34 26.68 26.90 27.23 27.26 27.67 27.47 15.51 15.89 16.16 16.40 16.61 16.79 16.91 16.90 17.02 7.36 7.54 7.72 7.88 8.01 8.13 8.22 8.29 8.37 6.35 6.40 6.43 6.46 6.48 6.47 6.47 6.54 6.51 2.23 2.24 2.26 2.28 2.30 2.31 2.32 2.34 2.35 1.91 1.89 1.93 1.81 1.79 1.91 1.95 2.00 1.99 25.97 26.02 26.07 26.14 26.20 26.21 26.27 26.34 26.32
235.29 237.72 240.57 242.81 245.33 247.69 250.56 252.35 254.14 188.90 192.15 195.29 198.61 201.64 204.34 207.31 210.50 213.12 251.15 254.18 256.74 258.82 259.70 260.28 260.34 261.29 261.15 750.13 757.03 765.62 776.80 786.57 797.96 803.71 815.32 816.57 1425.47 1441.08 1458.23 1477.04 1493.24 1510.27 1521.92 1539.46 1544.97 12.49 17.88 22.97 26.00 26.93 29.57 30.58 36.77 36.56 **1437.96 1458.97**  **1481.19 1503.04**  **1520.17 1539.84**  **1552.50 1576.23**  **1581.53**

41.38 42.56 43.76 44.92 46.05 47.24 48.36 49.49 50.62 31.22 32.29 33.35 34.38 35.34 36.43 37.28 38.40 39.10 14.22 14.74 15.24 15.77 16.28 16.80 17.30 17.81 18.34 39.24 39.91 40.56 41.35 42.13 42.89 43.69 44.59 45.28 37.01 38.11 39.22 40.29 41.33 42.43 43.45 44.48 45.51 28.85 29.87 30.89 31.88 32.78 33.83 34.60 35.72 36.2920.32 21.31 21.96 22.59 23.21 23.87 24.49 25.04 25.69

11.73 12.17 12.60 13.03 13.45 13.88 14.30 14.70 15.11 33.33 34.00 34.66 35.36 36.01 36.59 37.26 38.01 38.61 33.38 34.42 35.47 36.46 37.43 38.44 39.37 40.28 41.22 29.04 30.08 31.12 32.14 33.04 34.12 34.85 36.07 36.52 21.76 22.65 23.37 24.09 24.80 25.51 26.07 26.50 27.13 7.19 7.54 7.89 8.23 8.55 8.86 9.15 9.40 9.67 7.98 8.18 8.37 8.56 8.74 8.89 9.06 9.32 9.45 3.71 3.79 3.89 3.98 4.08 4.16 4.23 4.35 4.42 2.39 2.42 2.51 2.40 2.42 2.62 2.73 2.85 2.89 22.40 22.88 23.36 23.86 24.36 24.84 25.42 26.01 26.48
42.31 43.50 44.70 45.87 47.01 48.22 49.35 50.48 51.62 35.51 36.72 37.98 39.14 40.27 41.51 42.29 43.73 44.10 35.81 36.85 38.01 39.20 40.21 41.45 42.18 43.74 44.07 28.30 29.25 30.24 31.18 32.09 33.03 34.02 34.91 35.87 32.84 33.93 35.03 36.11 37.03 38.18 38.90 40.23 40.63 18.99 19.79 20.52 21.23 21.93 22.60 23.21 23.65 24.25 15.74 16.20 16.64 17.09 17.52 17.96 18.39 18.80 19.22 35.17 36.02 36.89 37.95 39.01 40.03 41.17 42.37 43.50 25.47 26.41 27.32 28.21 29.08 29.97 30.87 31.59 32.45 19.30 20.13 20.83 21.52 22.18 22.86 23.44 23.88 24.49 6.73 7.05 7.38 7.70 8.00 8.32 8.60 8.86 9.14 2.74 2.81 2.89 2.97 3.05 3.12 3.19 3.28 3.36 30.82 31.78 32.76 33.70 34.62 35.61 36.52 37.41 38.32 35.51 36.72 37.98 39.14 40.27 41.51 42.29 43.73 44.10 35.81 36.85 38.01 39.20 40.21 41.45 42.18 43.74 44.07 28.30 29.25 30.24 31.18 32.09 33.03 34.02 34.91 35.87 32.09 33.17 34.26 35.34 36.27 37.41 38.15 39.46 39.90 19.47 20.30 21.01 21.71 22.39 23.07 23.66 24.10 24.71 9.23 9.63 10.04 10.43 10.80 11.17 11.51 11.82 12.15 7.98 8.18 8.37 8.56 8.74 8.89 9.06 9.32 9.45 2.79 2.87 2.94 3.02 3.10 3.18 3.25 3.34 3.41 2.39 2.42 2.51 2.40 2.42 2.62 2.73 2.85 2.89 32.59 33.25 33.91 34.62 35.33 36.01 36.76 37.56 38.22295.28 303.72 312.93 321.56 330.81 340.30 350.66 359.88 369.04

237.07 245.50 254.03 263.03 271.90 280.74 290.12 300.19 309.47 315.19 324.75 333.97 342.77 350.19 357.59 364.34 372.63 379.22 941.39 967.21 995.91 1028.77 1060.66 1096.30 1124.79 1162.73 1185.76 1788.94 1841.18 1896.84 1956.13 2013.56 2074.94 2129.91 2195.42 2243.50 15.68 22.85 29.87 34.44 36.32 40.63 42.80 52.44 53.09 1804.62 1864.03 1926.71 1990.56 2049.88 2115.56 2172.71 2247.86 2296.59**2031 2032**  **2033 2034**  **2035**

**2009-**

**2031 2032**  **2033 2034**  **2035 2035**  34.95 34.98 35.01 35.02 35.05 1.4% 27.09 27.18 27.28 27.39 27.56 1.6% 12.79 12.95 13.13 13.32 13.51 0.5% 31.24 31.29 31.41 31.58 31.67 -0.2%
31.44 31.46 31.48 31.49 31.52 1.5% 25.14 25.20 25.28 25.39 25.54 1.8% 17.79 17.81 17.90 17.99 18.15 1.2% 10.53 10.67 10.80 10.95 11.10 0.5% 26.63 26.70 26.79 26.95 27.03 -0.3% 28.48 28.52 28.54 28.53 28.56 1.3% 25.30 25.34 25.41 25.53 25.69 1.7% 18.70 18.54 18.58 18.53 18.63 1.7% 6.76 6.88 7.00 7.14 7.32 1.3% 6.56 6.59 6.58 6.57 6.59 0.7% 3.06 3.09 3.11 3.11 3.13 0.1% 2.00 2.03 2.06 2.08 2.11 - - 18.33 18.40 18.50 18.66 18.74 -0.2% 35.64 35.65 35.68 35.68 35.70 1.3% 30.38 30.46 30.54 30.63 30.82 1.6% 30.39 30.43 30.51 30.59 30.77 1.8% 24.87 24.95 25.02 25.12 25.28 2.7% 28.10 28.12 28.17 28.27 28.41 1.8% 16.70 16.49 16.47 16.35 16.42 1.7% 0.004918 13.31 13.40 13.49 13.58 13.70 0.3%30.25 30.57 30.88 31.30 31.57 -0.4%

**2031 2032**  **2033 2034**  **2035 2036**  **2037 2038**  **2039** 0.1033 $ 0.1043

$ 0.1054

$ 0.1068

$ 0.1077

$ 0.1083

$ 0.1088

$ 0.1093

$ 0.1099

$
22.51 22.54 22.64 22.76 22.91 1.8% 16.89 16.73 16.76 16.68 16.66 2.4% 6.40 6.53 6.64 6.77 6.94 1.4% 2.33 2.35 2.36 2.38 2.39 0.3%
26.49 26.54 26.58 26.61 26.67 1.6% 30.38 30.46 30.54 30.63 30.82 1.6% 30.39 30.43 30.51 30.59 30.77 1.8% 24.87 24.95 25.02 25.12 25.28 2.7% 27.61 27.63 27.69 27.80 27.94 1.8% 17.03 16.85 16.85 16.76 16.81 1.8% 8.47 8.60 8.72 8.86 9.03 0.8% 6.56 6.59 6.58 6.57 6.59 0.7% 2.37 2.38 2.40 2.41 2.43 0.3% 2.00 2.03 2.06 2.08 2.11 - - 26.41 26.50 26.64 26.83 26.95 -0.2%
256.72 259.71 261.87 265.03 267.92 0.4% 216.50 220.03 223.68 227.83 231.62 1.1% 262.05 262.04 262.20 262.31 262.43 1.5% 824.94 834.49 842.55 853.28 865.68 2.3% 1560.21 1576.27 1590.29 1608.45 1627.64 1.6% 37.87 36.44 37.31 36.87 37.09 28.2% **1598.09 1612.71**  **1627.61 1645.32**  **1664.73 1.7%** 

51.70 52.75 53.83 54.90 56.03 3.2% 40.07 40.98 41.94 42.95 44.07 3.5% 18.92 19.53 20.19 20.88 21.60 2.3% 46.22 47.18 48.30 49.52 50.63 1.6% 46.50 47.44 48.41 49.37 50.39 3.3% 37.19 38.00 38.87 39.80 40.84 3.7%26.32 26.85 27.52 28.20 29.02 3.0%

15.58 16.09 16.61 17.17 17.75 2.4% 39.39 40.25 41.19 42.25 43.22 1.5% 42.13 43.00 43.88 44.74 45.66 3.1% 37.42 38.20 39.08 40.03 41.07 3.6% 27.65 27.95 28.57 29.05 29.79 3.5% 10.00 10.37 10.76 11.20 11.70 3.1% 9.70 9.93 10.12 10.30 10.53 2.6% 4.53 4.66 4.77 4.88 5.00 1.9% 2.95 3.06 3.16 3.26 3.37 - - 27.11 27.74 28.44 29.26 29.96 1.6%
52.71 53.76 54.86 55.94 57.08 3.1% 44.93 45.93 46.95 48.03 49.28 3.4% 44.95 45.89 46.91 47.96 49.19 3.7% 36.79 37.63 38.47 39.38 40.41 4.6% 41.57 42.40 43.32 44.32 45.43 3.7% 24.70 24.87 25.32 25.63 26.25 3.6% 19.69 20.21 20.74 21.30 21.90 2.1% 44.75 46.10 47.48 49.08 50.48 1.4% 33.30 33.99 34.81 35.68 36.63 3.7% 24.99 25.23 25.77 26.16 26.63 4.3% 9.47 9.84 10.21 10.62 11.09 3.3% 3.45 3.54 3.63 3.72 3.83 2.2% 39.19 40.02 40.87 41.73 42.64 3.5% 44.93 45.93 46.95 48.03 49.28 3.4% 44.95 45.89 46.91 47.96 49.19 3.7% 36.79 37.63 38.47 39.38 40.41 4.6% 40.84 41.66 42.58 43.58 44.68 3.7% 25.19 25.41 25.91 26.28 26.88 3.7% 12.53 12.97 13.41 13.90 14.43 2.7% 9.70 9.93 10.12 10.30 10.53 2.6% 3.50 3.59 3.68 3.78 3.88 2.1% 2.95 3.06 3.16 3.26 3.37 - - 39.06 39.96 40.96 42.07 43.09 1.6%379.73 391.62 402.66 415.56 428.36 2.3%

320.24 331.78 343.94 357.23 370.32 2.9% 387.62 395.14 403.17 411.28 419.57 3.3% 1220.24 1258.33 1295.54 1337.90 1384.07 4.2% 2307.84 2376.87 2445.30 2521.98 2602.32 3.5% 56.02 54.95 57.38 57.81 59.30 30.5% 2363.86 2431.82 2502.68 2579.79 2661.62 3.6%**2040 2041**  **2042 2043**  **2044 2045**  **2046 2047**  **2048**

0.1104 $ 0.1110

$ 0.1115

$ 0.1121

$ 0.1126

$ 0.1132

$ 0.1137

$ 0.1143

$ 0.1148

$**2049 2050**  **2051 2052**  **2053 2054**  **2055 2056**  **2057**

0.1154 $ 0.1160

$ 0.1165

$ 0.1171

$ 0.1177

$ 0.1183

$ 0.1189

$ 0.1194

$ 0.1200

$**2058 2059**  **2060 2061**  **2062 2063**  **2064 2065**  **2066**

0.1206 $ 0.1212

$ 0.1218

$ 0.1224

$ 0.1230

$ 0.1236

$ 0.1242

$ 0.1248

$ 0.1254

$**2067 2068**  **2069 2070**  **2071 2072**  **2073 2074**  **2075**

0.1261 $ 0.1267

$ 0.1273

$ 0.1279

$ 0.1286

$ 0.1292

$ 0.1298

$ 0.1305

$ 0.1311

$**2076 2077**  **2078 2079**  **2080 2081**  **2082 2083**  **2084**

0.1318 $ 0.1324

$ 0.1331

$ 0.1337

$ 0.1344

$ 0.1350

$ 0.1357

$ 0.1364

$ 0.1370

$**2085 2086**  **2087**

0.1377 $ 0.1384

$ 0.1391

$**Supply, Disposition, and Prices 2008**  **2009 2010**  **2011 2012**  **2013 2014**  **2015**

**Net Generation by Fuel Type Electric Power Sector 1/**  **Power Only 2/** Coal 1932 1719 1814 1771 1777 1774 1755 1746 Petroleum 39 32 39 38 38 38 37 37 Natural Gas 3/ 683 722 777 731 710 717 719 729 Nuclear Power 806 799 803 803 813 827 833 839 Pumped Storage/Other 4/ 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Renewable Sources 5/ 347 380 371 407 450 461 478 491 Distributed Generation (Natural Gas) 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 **Total 3807**  **3653 3804**  **3749 3788**  **3817 3821**  **3843 Combined Heat and Power 6/**  Coal 37 30 27 26 24 23 23 23 Petroleum 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 Natural Gas 119 119 129 126 126 128 125 129 Renewable Sources 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 **Total 167**  **161 159**  **155 153**  **154 151**  **155 Total Net Generation**  **3974 3814**  **3963 3904**  **3941 3971**  **3972 3998**  Less Direct Use 35 35 33 33 33 33 33 33 **Net Available to the Grid 3939**  **3779 3930**  **3871 3907**  **3938 3939**  **3965 End-Use Generation 7/**  Coal 19 23 23 23 23 23 23 30 Petroleum 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Natural Gas 80 90 103 115 122 130 136 141 Other Gaseous Fuels 8/ 11 11 11 11 14 15 15 15 Renewable Sources 9/ 34 36 41 46 50 55 57 63 Other 10/ 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 **Total 149**  **167 184**  **200 216**  **228 237**  **255** Less Direct Use 120 135 149 163 175 185 192 205 **Total Sales to the Grid 29**  **31 35**  **38 41**  **43 45**  **49 Total Electricity Generation by Fuel**  Coal 1987 1772 1864 1819 1824 1820 1800 1799 Petroleum 46 41 45 44 43 43 42 43 Natural Gas 882 931 1010 971 958 975 981 1000 Nuclear Power 806 799 803 803 813 827 833 839 

### Electricity Supply, Disposition, Prices, and Emissions, Reference case **(billion kilowatthours, unless otherwise noted)**Renewable Sources 5,9/ 385 420 414 455 503 519 538 556

Other 11/ 16 18 12 12 16 16 16 16 **Total Electricity Generation 4123**  **3981 4147**  **4105 4157**  **4199 4209**  **4253 Total Net Generation to the Grid**  **3968 3810**  **3965 3909**  **3948 3981**  **3984 4014**  **Net Imports 33**  **34 35**  **31 33**  **32 33**  **33 Electricity Sales by Sector**  Residential 1380 1363 1455 1357 1367 1350 1348 1348 Commercial 1336 1323 1349 1356 1367 1380 1397 1416 Industrial 1009 882 937 973 992 1032 1025 1038 Transportation 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 **Total 3732**  **3574 3749**  **3692 3734**  **3770 3777**  **3811** Direct Use 154 170 183 196 208 218 225 239 **Total Electricity Use 3886**  **3745 3931**  **3888 3942**  **3988 4002**  **4049 End-Use Prices**  **(2009 cents per kilowatthour)** Residential 11.3 11.5 11.4 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.9 10.9 Commercial 10.4 10.1 9.7 9.4 9.3 9.2 9.1 9.1 Industrial 6.8 6.8 6.5 6.1 6.1 6.1 6 6 Transportation 11.8 11.9 10.3 10.5 10.4 10.3 10.1 10 **All Sectors Average 9.8**  **9.8 9.6**  **9 9**  **8.9 8.9**  **8.9 (nominal cents per kilowatthour)**  Residential 11.2 11.5 11.5 11 11.2 11.4 11.6 11.8 Commercial 10.3 10.1 9.8 9.6 9.6 9.7 9.7 9.9 Industrial 6.8 6.8 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Transportation 11.7 11.9 10.4 10.7 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.9 All Sectors Average 9.7 9.8 9.7 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.7 **Prices by Service Category (2009 cents per kilowatthour)**  Generation 6.1 6 5.8 5.2 5.1 5.1 5 5 Transmission 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Distribution 2.9 3 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3 **(nominal cents per kilowatthour)** Generation 6.1 6 5.8 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.5 Transmission 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 Distribution 2.9 3 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 **Electric Power Sector Emissions 1/** Sulfur Dioxide (million tons) 7.62 5.72 5.89 5.27 4.53 4.05 3.83 3.77 Nitrogen Oxide (million tons) 3.01 1.99 2.57 2.22 2.12 2.09 2.03 1.98 Mercury (tons) 45.2740.6640.5137.7836.8436.9536.2826.825/ Includes conventional hydroelectric, geothermal, wood, wood waste, biogenic municipal waste, landfill gas,

1/ Includes electricity-only and combined heat and power plants whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. 2/ Includes plants that only produce electricity. 3/ Includes electricity generation from fuel cells. 4/ Includes non-biogenic municipal waste. The U.S. Energy Information Administration estimates that in 2009 approximately 6 billion kilowatthours of electricity were generated from a municipal waste stream containing petroleum-derived plastics and other non-renewable sources. See U.S. Energy Information Administration, Methodology for Allocating Municipal Solid Waste to Biogenic and Non-Biogenic Energy, (Washington, DC, May 2007).

chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies. other biomass, solar, and wind power. 6/ Includes combined heat and power plants whose primary business is to sell electricity and heat to the public (i.e., those that report North American Industry Classification System code 22). 7/ Includes combined heat and power plants and electricity-only plants in the commercial and industrial sectors; and small on-site generating systems in the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors used primarily for own-use generation, but which may also sell some power to the grid. 8/ Includes refinery gas and still gas. 9/ Includes conventional hydroelectric, geothermal, wood, wood waste, all municipal waste, landfill gas, other biomass, solar, and wind power. 10/ Includes batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies. 11/ Includes pumped storage, non-biogenic municipal waste, refinery gas, still gas, batteries,

2008 and 2009 prices: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System. Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System. - - = Not applicable. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are model results and may differ slightly from official EIA data reports. Sources: 2008 and 2009 electric power sector generation; sales to utilities; net imports; electricity sales; electricity end-use prices; and emissions: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA-0384(2009) (Washington, DC, August 2010) and supporting databases.**2016 2017**  **2018 2019**  **2020 2021**  **2022 2023**  **2024 2025** **2026 2027**  **2028 2029** **2030**

1769 1777 1792 1809 1849 1890 1911 1937 19751987 2006 2016 2023 20242028 38 38 37 38 39 39 39 40 40 39 39 39 39 40 40 720 725 730 731 716 699 699 698 690 701 707 727 752 782 817 841 852 862 872 877 877 877 877 877 877 877 877 877 877 877 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 503 506 509 513 521 524 528 530 534 541 547 545 549 551 554 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 **3871 3898**  **3931 3964**  **4004 4031**  **4056 4084**  **4119 4148**  **4179 4207**  **4244 4277** **4319** 23 24 24 25 26 27 28 29 29 29 29 30 30 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 126 129 131 132 125 121 121 121 119 119 119 120 119 119 120 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 **153 156**  **159 161**  **155 152**  **154 155**  **152 153**  **152 153**  **153 152**  **153 4024**  **4054 4090**  **4125 4158**  **4183 4209**  **4239 4271** **4300 4332**  **4360 4397**  **4429 4472**  33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 **3991 4021**  **4057 4092**  **4125 4150**  **4176 4206**  **4238 4267**  **4299 4327**  **4364 4396** **4439**
31 31 32 32 32 33 38 44 48 52 57 62 68 73 79 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 146 150 153 156 160 163 167 171 175 180 185 190 197 204 211 15 14 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 66 69 72 76 82 90 99 109 118 128 136 143 146 147 147 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 **264 270**  **277 285**  **295 308**  **325 344**  **363 381**  **399 417**  **431 444**  **458** 213 217 221 225 230 236 245 255 265 276 288 301 312 322 334 **51 53**  **56 60**  **65 71**  **80 89**  **97 105**  **110 115**  **119 122**  **124**
1823 1833 1847 1866 1907 1951 1977 2010 20532069 2092 2108 2120 21272137 43 43 43 43 44 44 45 45 45 44 44 44 45 45 45 993 1004 1015 1021 1002 985 989 993 9871003 1013 1040 1072 11081152 841 852 862 872 877 877 877 877 877 877 877 877 877 877 877573 578 585 593 608 618 631 642 657 673 687 692 698 701 703

16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 **4288 4325**  **4367 4410**  **4453 4491**  **4534 4583**  **4634 4682**  **4730 4777**  **4828 4874** **4930 4042**  **4074 4113**  **4151 4190**  **4221 4256**  **4295 4336** **4372 4409**  **4443 4482**  **4518 4563**  **34 33**  **30 29**  **27 30**  **29 26**  **25 22**  **20 21**  **20 18**  **13**
1358 1363 1373 1384 1394 1403 1417 1431 14491461 1476 1492 1511 15221538 1438 1460 1483 1505 1526 1547 1568 1590 16131636 1660 1685 1710 17351761 1039 1040 1041 1042 1046 1047 1044 1041 10361031 1024 1016 1008 1002 997 9 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 13 13 14 15 16 17 18 **3843 3872**  **3906 3941**  **3976 4008**  **4040 4073**  **4110 4142**  **4174 4208**  **4244 4276** **4314** 246 250 254 258 263 269 278 288 298 309 321 335 345 356 367 **4089 4123**  **4161 4199**  **4240 4278**  **4318 4362**  **4409 4451**  **4496 4542**  **4589 4631** **4681**

10.8 10.8 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.6 10.610.6 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.710.6 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 6 6 6 6 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 9.8 9.6 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.910.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.510.5 **8.8 8.8**  **8.8 8.8**  **8.8 8.8**  **8.8 8.9**  **8.9 8.9**  **8.9 9**  **9 9**  **9** 12 12.2 12.5 12.7 12.9 13.1 13.4 13.6 13.814.1 14.4 14.6 14.9 15.215.4 10.1 10.3 10.5 10.7 10.9 11.1 11.3 11.6 11.8 12 12.3 12.5 12.7 1313.2 6.7 6.9 7 7.1 7.3 7.5 7.6 7.8 7.9 8.1 8.3 8.5 8.7 8.9 9 10.9 10.9 11 11.2 11.6 11.8 12.1 12.5 12.913.3 13.7 14.1 14.5 14.915.3 9.8 10 10.2 10.4 10.7 10.9 11.1 11.3 11.511.8 12 12.3 12.5 12.8 13

5.1 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 3 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.4 5.6 5.8 6 6.2 6.4 6.5 6.7 7 7.1 7.4 7.6 7.8 8 8.2 8.4 0.9 0.9 0.9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5
3.76 3.64 3.54 3.49 3.68 3.75 3.82 3.88 4.144.09 4.2 4.15 4.05 3.993.96 1.96 1.96 1.95 1.96 1.98 1.99 1.98 1.99 2 2 2.01 2.01 2.01 2.012.01 26.7626.5225.9826.0326.7627.0427.2527.4528.16 2828.6528.2528.7228.7628.75/ Includes conventional hydroelectric, geothermal, wood, wood waste, biogenic municipal waste, landfill gas, 1/ Includes electricity-only and combined heat and power plants whose primary business is to sell electricity,

estimates that in 2009 approximately 6 billion kilowatthours of electricity were generated from a municipal waste stream containing petroleum-derived plastics and other non-renewable sources. See U.S. Energy Information Administration, Methodology for Allocating Municipal Solid Waste to Biogenic and Non-Biogenic Energy, (Washington, DC, May 2007). 6/ Includes combined heat and power plants whose primary business is to sell electricity and heat to the public 7/ Includes combined heat and power plants and electricity-only plants in the commercial and industrial sectors; and
9/ Includes conventional hydroelectric, geothermal, wood, wood waste, all municipal waste, landfill gas, 10/ Includes batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.

net imports; electricity sales; electricity end-use prices; and emissions: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA-0384(2009) (Washington, DC, August 2010) and supporting databases.**2031 2032**  **2033 2034**  **2035 Growth Rate (2009-2035)** 

2035 2043 2051 2064 2076 0.70% 40 40 40 40 41 1.00% 841 859 885 902 921 0.90% 877 877 876 875 874 0.30% 0 0 0 0 0- - 556 561 563 566 569 1.60% 4 4 4 4 5- - **4353 4384**  **4420 4453**  **4485 0.80%**  30 32 32 31 31 0.10% 0 0 0 0 0 -9.10% 121 121 115 114 113 -0.20% 3 3 3 3 3 -1.00% **155 156**  **150 149**  **148 -0.30%**  **4508 4540**  **4570 4602**  **4633 0.80%**  33 33 33 33 33 -0.20% **4474 4507**  **4537 4569**  **4600 0.80%** 
86 92 98 104 111 6.30% 5 5 5 5 5 -0.30% 219 227 234 242 250 4.00% 15 15 15 15 15 1.40% 148 149 150 151 152 5.70% 1 1 1 1 1 -1.80% **473 488**  **503 518**  **533 4.60%**  345 357 368 380 392 4.20% **128 131**  **135 138**  **142 6.00%** 
2150 2166 2182 2200 2218 0.90% 45 45 45 45 46 0.50% 1186 1211 1239 1263 1288 1.30% 877 877 876 875 874 0.30%707 712 715 720 724 2.10%

16 16 16 16 16 -0.30% **4981 5028**  **5073 5120**  **5167 1.00%**  **4602 4638**  **4671 4707**  **4742 0.80%**  **13 16**  **14 15**  **14 -3.40%** 
1554 1572 1583 1598 1613 0.70% 1786 1811 1836 1861 1886 1.40% 992 984 977 970 962 0.30% 18 19 20 21 22 4.60% **4350 4387**  **4417 4451**  **4483 0.90%**  379 390 402 413 425 3.60% **4729 4777**  **4818 4864**  **4908 1.00%**  0.008102

10.7 10.7 10.7 10.7 10.8 -0.20% 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.2 -0.30% 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.4 -0.20% 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 11 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 **9 9**  **9.1 9.1**  **9.2 -0.20%**  15.7 16.1 16.4 16.8 17.2 1.60% 13.4 13.7 14 14.3 14.7 1.50% 9.2 9.4 9.7 9.9 10.2 15.7 16.1 16.6 17.1 17.6 13.3 13.6 13.9 14.3 14.7 1.60%

5.8 5.9 5.9 6 6 0.00% 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.50% 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 -1.00% 8.6 8.8 9.1 9.3 9.6 1.80% 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 2.30% 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 0.80%
3.95 3.95 3.94 3.92 3.93 -1.40% 2.01 2.02 2.02 2.02 2.03 0.10% 28.6628.5629.1328.7629.32 -1.30%11.5 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 11.9 12.0 12.1 12.212.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.9 13.0 13.113.2 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.9 14.0 14.114.2 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 14.9 15.1 15.215.3 15.4 15.6 15.7 15.8 15.9 16.1 16.2 16.316.5 16.6 16.7 16.9 17.0 17.12008 dollars

AEO 2010 Motor Gasoline (All Sectors) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

End-User Price 2.891322 3.240461 2.328141 2.493711 2.526383 Federal Taxes 0.1864220.1813120.1778690.1749070.172177 State Taxes 1/ 0.2531490.2415260.2312750.2332880.233806 Distribution Costs 0.1551180.1910160.1902330.154429 0.15539 Wholesale Price 2.229512 2.631452 1.684303 1.930656 1.964918 1.009 AEO 2010 2009 Dollars 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 AEO 2010 Motor Gasoline (All Sectors) 2.92 $ 3.27

$ 2.35

$ 2.52

$ 2.55

$ End-User Price 0.19 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.17

$ Federal Taxes 0.26 $ 0.24

$ 0.23

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ State Taxes 1/ 0.16 $ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ Distribution Costs 2.25 $ 2.66

$ 1.70

$ 1.95

$ 1.98

$ AEO 2011 early Motor Gasoline (All Sectors) 2008 2009 2010 2011

End-User Price 3.31 $ 2.34

$ 2.68

$ 2.80

$ Federal Taxes 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ State Taxes 1/ 0.25 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ Energy Tax/Allowance Fee
- $
-

$
-

$
-

$ Distribution Costs 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.15

$ 0.16

$ Wholesale Price 2.63 $ 1.79

$ 2.14

$ 2.26

$ AEO 2011 early Diesel (Transportation Sector) 2008 2009 2010 2011

End-User Price 3.836915 2.441308 2.889235 3.027716 Federal Taxes 0.2435940.2413270.239063 0.235812 State Taxes 0.2197050.2207920.2206380.220412 Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0 0 0 0 Distribution Costs 0.1764610.1764610.1763380.176958 Wholesale Price 3.069797 1.670938 2.134933 2.257807 AEO 2011 final Motor Gasoline (All Sectors) 2008 2009 2010 2011

End-User Price 3.31 $ 2.34

$ 2.68

$ 2.80

$ Federal Taxes 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ State Taxes 1/ 0.25 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ Energy Tax/Allowance Fee
- $
-

$
-

$
-

$ Distribution Costs 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.15

$ 0.15

$ Wholesale Price 2.63 $ 1.79

$ 2.14

$ 2.26

$ AEO 2011 final Diesel (Transportation Sector) 2008 2009 2010 2011

End-User Price 3.84 2.44 2.89 3.03 Federal Taxes 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 State Taxes 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0 0 0 0 Distribution Costs 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 Wholesale Price 3.07 1.67 2.13 2.263.25 $ 1.85

$ 2.31

$ 2.43

$2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

2.665379 2.9053483.017422 3.068837 3.1379563.202102 3.253321 3.290919 3.33778 0.1697420.1668020.1639730.1612310.1583990.1555220.1526920.1499180.147019 0.2352240.2375730.2384760.2389820.239659 0.240160.2405770.2408940.241235 0.1564760.1573860.1579730.1584740.1591510.1596020.1600540.1604310.160727 2.103725 2.343587 2.457095 2.510081 2.580892 2.650668 2.700065 2.739479 2.788718 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2.69 $ 2.93

$ 3.04

$ 3.10

$ 3.17

$ 3.23

$ 3.28

$ 3.32

$ 3.37

$ 0.17 $ 0.17

$ 0.17

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.15

$ 0.15

$ 0.15

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 2.12 $ 2.36

$ 2.48

$ 2.53

$ 2.60

$ 2.67

$ 2.72

$ 2.76

$ 2.81

$ 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2.82 $ 2.97

$ 3.06

$ 3.14

$ 3.18

$ 3.25

$ 3.29

$ 3.34

$ 3.38

$ 0.17 $ 0.17

$ 0.17

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.15

$ 0.15

$ 0.15

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.15 $ 0.15

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 2.25 $ 2.40

$ 2.50

$ 2.58

$ 2.62

$ 2.69

$ 2.73

$ 2.79

$ 2.84

$ 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2.916915 2.9773883.033395 3.091271 3.206195 3.2889763.3788063.461342 3.52566 2.916915 2.9773883.033395 3.091271 3.206195 3.2889763.3788063.461342 3.52566 0.2331870.2293390.2251820.2207230.2163520.2119650.2075810.203408 0.19931 0.2203010.2202220.2201640.2201140.2200390.2199620.219878 0.219790.219706 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1760750.1764540.1767450.1770920.177743 0.17817 0.178650.1790970.179441 2.287352 2.3513742.4113042.473343 2.592062 2.678878 2.772698 2.859047 2.927202 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2.82 $ 2.97

$ 3.05

$ 3.13

$ 3.18

$ 3.25

$ 3.30

$ 3.34

$ 3.38

$ 0.17 $ 0.17

$ 0.17

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.15

$ 0.15

$ 0.15

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.15 $ 0.15

$ 0.15

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 2.25 $ 2.41

$ 2.49

$ 2.57

$ 2.62

$ 2.70

$ 2.75

$ 2.79

$ 2.83

$ 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2.92 2.97 3.02 3.08 3.19 3.29 3.38 3.47 3.52 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.2 0.2 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 2.29 2.34 2.4 2.47 2.58 2.68 2.77 2.86 2.92 $3.80 $4.00 

# Liquid**Fuel Prices**2.46

$ 2.53

$ 2.59

$ 2.65

$ 2.77

$ 2.86

$ 2.95

$ 3.04

$ 3.11

$

$2.00 $2.20 $2.40 $2.60 $2.80 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035**$ /** **g a** **l l** **o n** **e n** **d u** **s e** **r**

**CY**2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029

3.3655343.408742 3.437603 3.452849 3.492516 3.53103 3.565471 3.6171763.661926 0.143970.1408790.1379030.1350940.1323920.1296940.1270180.124323 0.121672 0.2414730.2416260.2417160.2418420.2421360.2423790.2425910.242942 0.24317 0.1609040.1611170.161241 0.161250.161399 0.161560.1617460.1619110.162024 2.8190042.865311 2.89637 2.914743 2.956651 2.9974883.034375 3.087863.133207 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 3.40 $ 3.44

$ 3.47

$ 3.48

$ 3.52

$ 3.56

$ 3.60

$ 3.65

$ 3.69

$ 0.15 $ 0.14

$ 0.14

$ 0.14

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.12

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 2.84 $ 2.89

$ 2.92

$ 2.94

$ 2.98

$ 3.02

$ 3.06

$ 3.12

$ 3.16

$ 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 3.38 $ 3.43

$ 3.46

$ 3.51

$ 3.55

$ 3.58

$ 3.62

$ 3.62

$ 3.68

$ 0.14 $ 0.14

$ 0.14

$ 0.14

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.12

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 2.84 $ 2.89

$ 2.92

$ 2.97

$ 3.02

$ 3.05

$ 3.09

$ 3.09

$ 3.15

$ 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 3.531529 3.585761 3.6391083.689965 3.736369 3.7633883.808425 3.80851 3.865491 3.531529 3.585761 3.6391083.689965 3.736369 3.7633883.808425 3.80851 3.865491 0.1955630.1920640.1886590.1853020.1820040.1787510.175443 0.1722320.169019 0.2196420.2195820.2195130.2194550.2193940.219333 0.219283 0.2192240.219165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1793820.1796240.1798810.1801410.1803760.1805090.1808970.1806150.180897 2.936942 2.994491 3.051055 3.105067 3.154595 3.184795 3.232803 3.236439 3.29641 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 3.39 $ 3.45

$ 3.47

$ 3.52

$ 3.54

$ 3.56

$ 3.62

$ 3.63

$ 3.68

$ 0.14 $ 0.14

$ 0.14

$ 0.14

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 2.84 $ 2.91

$ 2.93

$ 2.98

$ 3.00

$ 3.03

$ 3.08

$ 3.10

$ 3.15

$ 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 3.54 3.61 3.63 3.71 3.73 3.75 3.8 3.82 3.87 0.2 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 2.94 3.02 3.04 3.12 3.14 3.17 3.23 3.25 3.3 $5.00 $6.00 Gas-AEO 2011 Early+ Extrapolation3.12

$ 3.17

$ 3.23

$ 3.29

$ 3.33

$ 3.37

$ 3.41

$ 3.42

$ 3.48

$

$0.00 $1.00 $2.00 $3.00 $4.00 $5.00

2010 2015 2020 Gas-FRM fuel Prices(adj $) Diesel-AEO 2011 + Extrapolation AEO 2010 Motor Gasoline (All Sectors) AEO 2011 final Motor Gasoline (All Sectors) AEO 2011 early Motor Gasoline (All Sectors) AEO 2011 early Diesel(Transportation Sector) AEO 2011 final Diesel(Transportation Sector)1.010624

2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 3.6797163.721778 3.769583 3.803203 3.8485963.910868 0.1190420.116449 0.1138970.111498 0.109170.106913 0.2433470.243639 0.2440340.2443580.2448580.245297 0.1621610.162425 0.1626210.1627860.1630580.163452 3.155457 3.199154 3.24911 3.284373 3.330502 3.39519 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 3.71 $ 3.76

$ 3.80

$ 3.84

$ 3.88

$ 3.95

$ 3.99

$ 4.03

$ 4.07

$ 0.12 $ 0.12

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.25 $ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 3.18 $ 3.23

$ 3.28

$ 3.31

$ 3.36

$ 3.43

$ 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 3.64 $ 3.65

$ 3.65

$ 3.66

$ 3.67

$ 3.69

$ 3.72

$ 3.75

$ 3.78

$ 0.12 $ 0.12

$ 0.12

$ 0.12

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 3.12 $ 3.12

$ 3.13

$ 3.14

$ 3.16

$ 3.18

$ 3.21

$ 3.24

$ 3.27

$ 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 3.834072 3.85068 3.8529543.860281 3.873455 3.893502 3.93 $ 3.98

$ 4.02

$ 3.834072 3.85068 3.8529543.860281 3.873455 3.893502 0.1659890.162953 0.1598490.1567580.1537270.150759 0.15 $ 0.15

$ 0.14

$ 0.219107 0.21906 0.2190170.2189750.2189340.218895 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0 0 0 0 0 0 - $
-

$
-

$ 0.1806760.180682 0.1806620.1806860.1807310.180878 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 3.2683 3.287984 3.293426991 3.303862 3.320062 3.34297 3.39 $ 3.43

$ 3.48

$ 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 3.64 $ 3.64

$ 3.65

$ 3.66

$ 3.69

$ 3.71

$ 3.73

$ 3.76

$ 3.79

$ 0.12 $ 0.12

$ 0.12

$ 0.12

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.10

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 3.12 $ 3.12

$ 3.13

$ 3.14

$ 3.17

$ 3.19

$ 3.22

$ 3.25

$ 3.28

$ 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 3.83 3.84 3.85 3.85 3.87 3.89 3.93 $ 3.97

$ 4.01

$ 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 $ 0.15

$ 0.14

$ 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0 0 0 0 0 0 - $
-

$
-

$ 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.29 3.32 3.34 3.38 $ 3.43

$ 3.47

$ 

# End**Use Gasoline Prices (2009$)** 
AEO 2011 Early+ Extrapolation3.45

$ 3.47

$ 3.47

$ 3.48

$ 3.50

$ 3.52

$ 3.57

$ 3.61

$ 3.66

$

2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2060 FRM fuel Prices(adj $) AEO 2011 + Extrapolation

Last year of AEOprojection2039 2040 2041 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047

4.12 $ 4.16

$ 4.20

$ 4.25

$ 4.29

$ 4.34

$ 4.39

$ 4.43

$ 4.48

$

2039 2040 2041 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047 3.81 $ 3.84

$ 3.87

$ 3.90

$ 3.93

$ 3.96

$ 4.00

$ 4.03

$ 4.06

$ 0.10 $ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 3.30 $ 3.33

$ 3.37

$ 3.40

$ 3.43

$ 3.46

$ 3.50

$ 3.53

$ 3.56

$ 2039 2040 2041 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047 4.06 $ 4.11

$ 4.15

$ 4.20

$ 4.24

$ 4.29

$ 4.34

$ 4.38

$ 4.43

$ 0.14 $ 0.14

$ 0.14

$ 0.14

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 3.52 $ 3.57

$ 3.61

$ 3.66

$ 3.71

$ 3.76

$ 3.81

$ 3.86

$ 3.91

$ 2039 2040 2041 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047 3.82 $ 3.85

$ 3.88

$ 3.91

$ 3.94

$ 3.97

$ 4.00

$ 4.03

$ 4.07

$ 0.10 $ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 3.31 $ 3.35

$ 3.38

$ 3.41

$ 3.44

$ 3.47

$ 3.51

$ 3.54

$ 3.58

$ 2039 2040 2041 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047 4.06 $ 4.10

$ 4.15

$ 4.19

$ 4.24

$ 4.28

$ 4.33

$ 4.38

$ 4.42

$ 0.14 $ 0.14

$ 0.14

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.13

$ 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 3.52 $ 3.56

$ 3.61

$ 3.66

$ 3.70

$ 3.75

$ 3.80

$ 3.85

$ 3.90

$3.70

$ 3.75

$ 3.80

$ 3.84

$ 3.89

$ 3.94

$ 3.99

$ 4.04

$ 4.09

$2048 2049 2050

4.53 $ 4.58

$ 4.623929

2048 2049 2050 2051 2052 2053 2054 2055 2056 4.09 $ 4.13

$ 4.16

$ 4.19

$ 4.23

$ 4.26

$ 4.30

$ 4.33

$ 4.37

$ 0.09 $ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 3.60 $ 3.63

$ 3.67

$ 3.70

$ 3.74

$ 3.77

$ 3.81

$ 3.84

$ 3.88

$ 2048 2049 2050 2051 2052 2053 2054 2055 2056 4.48 $ 4.53

$ 4.58

$ 4.63

$ 4.68

$ 4.74

$ 4.79

$ 4.84

$ 4.90

$ 0.12 $ 0.12

$ 0.12

$ 0.12

$ 0.12

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 3.96 $ 4.01

$ 4.06

$ 4.11

$ 4.17

$ 4.22

$ 4.28

$ 4.33

$ 4.39

$ 2048 2049 2050 2051 2052 2053 2054 2055 2056 4.10 $ 4.13

$ 4.16

$ 4.20

$ 4.23

$ 4.27

$ 4.30

$ 4.34

$ 4.37

$ 0.09 $ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 3.61 $ 3.64

$ 3.68

$ 3.71

$ 3.75

$ 3.79

$ 3.82

$ 3.86

$ 3.89

$ 2048 2049 2050 2051 2052 2053 2054 2055 2056 4.47 $ 4.52

$ 4.57

$ 4.62

$ 4.67

$ 4.73

$ 4.78

$ 4.83

$ 4.89

$ 0.12 $ 0.12

$ 0.12

$ 0.12

$ 0.12

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.11

$ 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 3.95 $ 4.00

$ 4.05

$ 4.10

$ 4.16

$ 4.21

$ 4.27

$ 4.32

$ 4.38

$4.14

$ 4.19

$ 4.24

$ 4.30

$ 4.35

$ 4.41

$ 4.46

$ 4.52

$ 4.57

$2057 2058 2059 2060 2061 2062 2063 2064 2065

4.40 $ 4.44

$ 4.48

$ 4.51

$ 4.55

$ 4.59

$ 4.63

$ 4.67

$ 4.71

$ 0.08 $ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.25 $ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 3.92 $ 3.95

$ 3.99

$ 4.03

$ 4.07

$ 4.11

$ 4.15

$ 4.19

$ 4.23

$ 2057 2058 2059 2060 2061 2062 2063 2064 2065 4.96 $ 5.01

$ 5.07

$ 5.13

$ 5.19

$ 5.25

$ 5.31

$ 5.37

$ 5.43

$ 0.11 $ 0.11

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 4.45 $ 4.50

$ 4.56

$ 4.62

$ 4.68

$ 4.74

$ 4.81

$ 4.87

$ 4.93

$ 2057 2058 2059 2060 2061 2062 2063 2064 2065 4.41 $ 4.44

$ 4.48

$ 4.52

$ 4.56

$ 4.59

$ 4.63

$ 4.67

$ 4.71

$ 0.08 $ 0.08

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 3.93 $ 3.97

$ 4.01

$ 4.05

$ 4.08

$ 4.12

$ 4.16

$ 4.20

$ 4.24

$ 2057 2058 2059 2060 2061 2062 2063 2064 2065 4.94 $ 5.00

$ 5.05

$ 5.11

$ 5.17

$ 5.23

$ 5.29

$ 5.35

$ 5.41

$ 0.11 $ 0.11

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.10

$ 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 4.43 $ 4.49

$ 4.55

$ 4.61

$ 4.67

$ 4.73

$ 4.79

$ 4.85

$ 4.92

$4.63

$ 4.69

$ 4.75

$ 4.81

$ 4.87

$ 4.93

$ 4.99

$ 5.05

$ 5.12

$2066 2067 2068 2069 2070 2071 2072 2073 2074

4.75 $ 4.79

$ 4.83

$ 4.87

$ 4.91

$ 4.95

$ 4.99

$ 5.03

$ 5.08

$ 0.07 $ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.25 $ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 4.27 $ 4.31

$ 4.35

$ 4.39

$ 4.43

$ 4.47

$ 4.52

$ 4.56

$ 4.60

$ 2066 2067 2068 2069 2070 2071 2072 2073 2074 5.49 $ 5.56

$ 5.62

$ 5.69

$ 5.75

$ 5.82

$ 5.89

$ 5.96

$ 6.03

$ 0.09 $ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.19 $ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 5.00 $ 5.06

$ 5.13

$ 5.19

$ 5.26

$ 5.33

$ 5.40

$ 5.47

$ 5.54

$ 2066 2067 2068 2069 2070 2071 2072 2073 2074 4.75 $ 4.79

$ 4.83

$ 4.87

$ 4.91

$ 4.95

$ 4.99

$ 5.04

$ 5.08

$ 0.07 $ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 4.28 $ 4.32

$ 4.37

$ 4.41

$ 4.45

$ 4.49

$ 4.53

$ 4.58

$ 4.62

$ 2066 2067 2068 2069 2070 2071 2072 2073 2074 5.47 $ 5.54

$ 5.60

$ 5.66

$ 5.73

$ 5.80

$ 5.86

$ 5.93

$ 6.00

$ 0.09 $ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.09

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 4.98 $ 5.04

$ 5.11

$ 5.17

$ 5.24

$ 5.31

$ 5.38

$ 5.45

$ 5.52

$5.18

$ 5.25

$ 5.31

$ 5.38

$ 5.45

$ 5.52

$ 5.59

$ 5.66

$ 5.73

$2075 2076 2077 2078 2079 2080 2081 2082 2083

5.12 $ 5.16

$ 5.21

$ 5.25

$ 5.30

$ 5.34

$ 5.39

$ 5.43

$ 5.48

$ 0.06 $ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.06

$ 0.05

$ 0.05

$ 0.05

$ 0.25 $ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ 0.25

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.17

$ 0.17

$ 0.17

$ 0.17

$ 0.17

$ 0.17

$ 0.17

$ 4.65 $ 4.69

$ 4.74

$ 4.78

$ 4.83

$ 4.87

$ 4.92

$ 4.97

$ 5.02

$ 2075 2076 2077 2078 2079 2080 2081 2082 2083 6.10 $ 6.17

$ 6.24

$ 6.32

$ 6.39

$ 6.47

$ 6.55

$ 6.63

$ 6.70

$ 0.08 $ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.19 $ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ 5.61 $ 5.69

$ 5.76

$ 5.84

$ 5.91

$ 5.99

$ 6.07

$ 6.15

$ 6.23

$ 2075 2076 2077 2078 2079 2080 2081 2082 2083 5.12 $ 5.17

$ 5.21

$ 5.25

$ 5.30

$ 5.35

$ 5.39

$ 5.44

$ 5.48

$ 0.06 $ 0.06

$ 0.05

$ 0.05

$ 0.05

$ 0.05

$ 0.05

$ 0.05

$ 0.05

$ 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ 0.24

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ 4.67 $ 4.71

$ 4.76

$ 4.80

$ 4.85

$ 4.89

$ 4.94

$ 4.99

$ 5.03

$ 2075 2076 2077 2078 2079 2080 2081 2082 2083 6.07 $ 6.14

$ 6.22

$ 6.29

$ 6.36

$ 6.44

$ 6.51

$ 6.59

$ 6.67

$ 0.08 $ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.08

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ 0.22

$

- $
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$
-

$ 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ 5.59 $ 5.66

$ 5.74

$ 5.81

$ 5.89

$ 5.96

$ 6.04

$ 6.12

$ 6.20

$5.80

$ 5.87

$ 5.95

$ 6.02

$ 6.10

$ 6.18

$ 6.26

$ 6.34

$ 6.42

$2084 2085 2086 Annual Percent Increase (2010-2035)

5.53 $ 5.58

$ 5.63

$ End-User Price0.7% 0.05 $ 0.05

$ 0.05

$ Federal Taxes-1.5% 0.25 $ 0.25

$ 0.25

$ State Taxes 1/0.0%

- $
-

$
-

$ Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0.0% 0.17 $ 0.17

$ 0.17

$ Distribution Costs 0.1% 5.06 $ 5.11

$ 5.16

$ Wholesale Price 1.0% 2084 2085 2086 Annual Percent Increase (2010-2035) 6.78 $ 6.87

$ 6.95

$ End-User Price1.0%

End-User Price 0.07 $ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ Federal Taxes-1.5% 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ State Taxes 0.0%

- $
-

$
-

$ Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0.0% 0.19 $ 0.19

$ 0.19

$ Distribution Costs 0.1% 6.31 $ 6.39

$ 6.48

$ Wholesale Price 1.3% 2084 2085 2086 Annual Percent Increase (2010-2035) 5.53 $ 5.58

$ 5.63

$ End-User Price0.7% 0.05 $ 0.05

$ 0.05

$ Federal Taxes-1.6% 0.24 $ 0.24

$ 0.24

$ State Taxes 1/0.0%

- $
-

$
-

$ Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0.0% 0.16 $ 0.16

$ 0.16

$ Distribution Costs 0.0% 5.08 $ 5.13

$ 5.18

$ Wholesale Price 1.0% 2084 2085 2086 Annual Percent Increase (2010-2035) 6.75 $ 6.83

$ 6.91

$ End-User Price1.0% 0.07 $ 0.07

$ 0.07

$ Federal Taxes-1.5% 0.22 $ 0.22

$ 0.22

$ State Taxes 0.0%

- $
-

$
-

$ Energy Tax/Allowance Fee 0.0% 0.18 $ 0.18

$ 0.18

$ Distribution Costs 0.0% 6.28 $ 6.36

$ 6.44

$ Wholesale Price 1.3%6.50

$ 6.58

$ 6.66

$2008 2009 2010 2011 AEO 2011 Early 0.1183680.1191950.1034290.105948 AEO 2011 Final 0.118 0.119 0.103 0.1052012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

0.1059470.1053020.1045010.1033380.1013530.0989860.0971790.096212 0.09536 0.104 0.103 0.101 0.1 0.098 0.096 0.095 0.095 0.096

0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14**C e** **n t** **s /** **K W** **h** 

# Electricity in AE**O 2011**

AEO 2011 Early AEO 2011 Final

0 0.02

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 **CY**2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029

0.0952730.0956380.0962280.0967920.0977990.0987450.0994320.100411 0.10141 0.096 0.097 0.098 0.099 0.101 0.102 0.103 0.104 0.105

2035 20402030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038

0.1022320.1032580.1043360.1053910.1068270.1077490.1082790.1088110.109347 0.105 0.106 0.107 0.108 0.109 0.110.110891 0.111790.1126952039 2040 2041 2042 2043 2044 2045 2046 2047

0.1098840.1104250.1109680.1115140.1120620.112613 0.1131670.1137240.114283 0.1136080.1145290.1154570.1163920.1173350.1182860.119244 0.120210.1211842048 2049 2050 2051 2052 2053 2054 2055 2056

0.114845 0.115410.1159770.1165480.1171210.1176970.1182760.1188580.119442 0.1221660.1231560.1241530.1251590.126173 0.1271960.1282260.1292650.1303122057 2058 2059 2060 2061 2062 2063 2064 2065

0.120029 0.120620.1212130.1218090.122408 0.123010.1236150.124223 0.124834 0.1313680.1324320.1335050.1345870.1356770.1367770.1378850.1390020.1401282066 2067 2068 2069 2070 2071 2072 2073 2074

0.1254480.1260650.1266850.1273080.1279340.128563 0.1291960.129831 0.13047 0.1412630.1424080.1435620.1447250.1458970.1470790.1482710.1494720.1506832075 2076 2077 2078 2079 2080 2081 2082 2083

0.1311110.1317560.1324040.133055 0.133710.1343670.1350280.1356920.136359 0.1519040.1531350.1543750.1556260.1568870.1581580.1594390.1607310.1620332084 2085 2086

0.13703 0.1377040.138381 0.163346 0.164670.166004