/ T ^^~ N

Stat e o f Orego n Departmen

to f Environmenta

l Qualit y Nationa l Pollutan tDischarg e Eliminatio n Syste m PERMI T EVALUATIO N AN D FAC T SHEE T 

## Orego n Departmen t

o f Environmenta l Qualit y Northwes t

Regio n 202 0 S W Fourth Ave. , Suit e 45 0 Portland , O R 9720 2 (503 ) 229-526 3

Permittee : Existin g Permi t Information :

Sourc e Contact : Sourc e Location : LLT D Receivin g Stream : Propose d Action :
Sourc e Categor y Permi tWriter : Dat e Prepared : Wes t Lin n Pape r

Compan y 480 0 Mil l Stree

t Wes t Linn , Orego n 9721 9 Fil e Number : 2148 9 Permi t Number : 10097 6 EP A Referenc e Number : OR000078- 7 County : Clackama s Penn y Machinsk

i Environmental Enginee r (503 ) 557-668 7 480 0 Mil l Stree t Wes t Linn , Orego n 9721 9 1227618456580-27.4- D Willamett e Rive r Rene w Permi t Applicatio n Number : 97243 0 Dat e Received : 10/8/0 8 NPDE S Majo r

- Industria l Ro b Burkhar

t 503-229-556 6 Date : 7/14/1 0 (update d 8/24/10 )

### Tabl e o f

Content s 1. 0 Introductio n ..... . .......... . jum\J JO itvllll V JL^CovrJ.OI'lvlI I iii«i*tiiiit#titi»t«#)iit*iti*itt**»»tM**if«iii>i*<*ii*<*t««i<i»*i<*i»*<*i»tiiit v 

### 2. 1 General..
. 3

>••••*•-••*•» - 

### 2. 2 Wastewate

r Treatmen t an d Discharg e 2. 3 Change s i n Operatio n 2. 4 Wastewate

r Characteristic s , 2. 5 Stor mWate r 2. 6 Outfal l *jNv l XVVVl^I V Ill g V V HIC I IMMIMMI1»lltlfM<l*M>tlMltltlMlfM**IHI*»tM««*ltl M 

### 3. 1 Wate r Qualit y Standard s 3. 2 Receivin g Strea

mWate r Qualit y 3. 3 Threatene d & Endangered Specie s 3. 4 Regulator

y Mixing Zon

e Analysis
.
*T » \j JL%5 1 11 1 1 1 lllll l ltd
. li\JII_ i *###**t#*»t##»#»###*##*###**#»*#**t#*«**t****«*»***«*****»*»*»»**tt**»**ti» * 

### 4. 1 Existin g Permi

t Limit s 4. 2 Technology-Base d Effluen t Limit s 4. 3 Comparison o

f 2004 NPDE S Permi

t Limit s an d Technology Based Limits 4. 4 Wate r Quality-Base d Effluen

t Limit s 4. 5 Whol e Effluen

t Toxicit y 4. 6 Antidegradatio n
6. 0 Permi tDraf

tDiscussio n 6. 1 Fac e Pag e 6. 2 Schedul e A - Wast

e Discharg e Limitation s , 6. 3 Schedule B - Minimu

mMonitoring an

d Reportin g Requirement s 6. 4 Schedule C - Complianc e Schedule s an d Condition s 6. 5 Schedule D - Specia

l Condition s 6. 6 Schedule F - NPDE S Genera l Condition s 6. 7 Permit

Processing/Publi c Comment/Appea l Proces s 4 5 5 5 6 

### 7 7 8 8 9 

### 1 0 ...1 0 ...1 0 ...1 1 

### ...1 2 ...1 8 ...1 9 

### 1 9
...2 0 ...2 0 ...2 0 ...2 2 ...2 2 ...2 3 

### Attachment

s Attachmen t A • Attachmen t B - Attachmen

tC - Attachmen

tD • Attachmen

t E - Attachmen

tF - Attachmen

tG • - Dissolve d Oxyge

n Analysi s • Therma l Plum e Analyse s • pH Reasonabl e Potentia

l Analysi s

- Aquati c Lif

e Reasonabl e Potentia

l Analysi s Huma n Healt h Reasonabl e Potentia

l Analysi s Antidegradatio n Workshee

t

- Publi c Notic e

### 1.0 INTRODUCTIO N A Nationa l Pollutan t Discharg e Elimination Syste m(NPDES ) permi

t wa s issue d b y th e Departmen

t o f Environmenta

l Qualit y (Department

) t o th e Wes t

Lin n Pape r Compan y (WLPC ) o n Ma

y 21 , 200 4 (200 4 NPDE S permit)
. The permit

expire d o n Apri l 30 , 2009 . Th e Departmen t receive d aNPDE S permi

t renewa l applicatio n fro mWLP C o n Octobe r 8,2008 . Sinc e atimely renewa l application wa s submitted t o th e Department , WLP

C ha s continue d t o operat

e unde r the term s an

d condition s of

th e 200 4 NPDES permit

pending Departmen

t actio n o n th e renewa l application
. Th

e Departmen

t i s no w proposin g t o rene

w th e NPDES permit

fo r WLPC . Thi s permi t

evaluation repor

t describe s th e basi s an

d methodology use d i

n developing th e permit
. Th e permit i s divided int o severa l sections : Schedul e A - Wast

e discharg e limitation s Schedule B - Minimu

mmonitoring an

d repor t requirement s Schedule D - Specia

l condition s Schedule F - Genera

l condition s The Federa

l Wate r Pollutio n Contro l Ac

t of 197 2 an d subsequen

t amendments requir

e aNPDES permi

t fo r the discharg e o f

wastewate

r to surfac e waters . Furthermore , Orego n Revise d Statute s (OR

S 468B.050 ) als o requir

e a discharge r b e granted apermi

t fo r th e discharg e o f

wastewate

r t o surfac e waters . Thi s propose d permi t actio n b y th e Departmen

t complie s wit

h bot h federa l an d stat e requirements
. 

### 2. 0 FACILIT Y DESCRIPTIO N 2. 1 Genera l WLP C own s an d operate s apape

r mil l i n Wes t Linn , Oregon . The facilit

y i s located o

n a n islan d i n th e Willamett

e Rive r wit h th e Willamett

e Lock s o n th e wester

n side of th e mill an

d th e Willamett

e Rive r o n th e easter

n side
. The mil l use s purchased dr

y pul p fro moutsid e source s t o creat

e high-grade , coated pape

r products
. Th

e mil l ha s thre e pape r machines , eac

h wit h simila r productio n rate s whe

n operated a

t ful l production
. The averag e daily productio n rat

e fo r th e mill ove

r the pas t five year s (fro

mApril 200 5 throug

h Marc h 2010 ) wa s 80

7 ton s pe r day
. Onc e i t i s trucke d i

n t o th e mill , th e purchase d di y pul p i s placed i

n a"slusher " wher

e filtered rive

r wate r i s added
. The "slusher " separate s fibers an d create s aslurry , whic

h i s the n routed to th e pape

r machines
. Th

e shin y i s screened in severa

l stage s prio

r t o enterin g th e pape

r machines
. The slurr

y i s the n sprayed ont

o awire , mes

h screen , wher e wate r drain s fro mth e pulp , leavin

g afiber mat . The fiber

ma t move s throug

h aserie s of

roller s tha t remov e additiona l water . Severa

l othe r processe s tak

e plac e t o coat , diy , smooth , triman d packag e th e pape

r prior t o sale
.

### ,,y m&Z2~y>jm

S -f'

>_» • _«__f__ i Figur e 1 : Facilit y Locatio n 

### 2, 2 Wastewate rTreatmen t an d Discharg e Significan t quantitie s o f

wastewate

r ar e generated during th e screenin g an d formin g processes . A portion of

the wate r i s reuse d an

d th e remainde

r o f th e wate r i s pumpe d t o th e primar

y clarifier
. Stor

mwate r fro mvariou s area s throughou t th e facilit y i s als o collecte d an

d pumpe d t o th e primar

y clarifier
. A

n additiona

l sourc e o f wastewate r i s backwash wate

r fro mth e wate

r treatmen t plan t (discussed below)
. Prio r

to enterin g the primar

y clarifier , the wastewate r i s treate d wit

h carbon dioxid

e fo r p H contro l an

d aflocculation aid , Th

e primar y clarifie r remove s solids , whic

h ar e lan d applied fo

r beneficia l use . Primar

y clarifie r effluen t i s pumpe d t o a n aerate d stabilizatio n basi n (ASB ) fo

r furthe r treatment . Th

e AS B consist s of

a26-acr e lagoon , which provide s adetentio n tim e o f abou t 1 0 days
. Th e effluen

t fro mth e AS B i s the

n discharged to th e Willamett e Rive r vi aa n outfal l (Outfal l 001 ) a t rive r mil e 27,4 . Figur

e 2 show s th e AS B an

d th e discharg e location
. (Not e tha t the discharg e fro

mWLP C i s abou t 0. 5 mile s downstrea

mo f the discharg e fro

mBlue Hero

n Pape r Company , whic

h discharge s a

t R M 27.9. ) Effluen

t flo w i s measured wit

h aParshal

l flum e jus t prio r t o discharg e an

d fina l effluen t monitoring occur s a

t eithe r the flume' s stillin g wel

l o r jus t upstream . Proces s wate

r fo r th e mill i s obtained fro

mthe Willamett

e River
. Abou

t 6 millio n gallon s pe

r da y (mgd ) o f rive r wate r i s directe d t

o awate r treatmen t syste mprior t o us e i n th e mill
. Th

e wate r treatmen t syste mconsist s o

f eigh t filte r beds ; th e filtered wate

r i s the n store d i n aclearwel

l fo r us e a t th e mill
. Th

e filters ar e periodicall

y backwashe

d an d thi s backwas h wate

r i s discharged t o wastewate

r treatmen t syste ma t arat e o f approximatel

y 0. 5 mgd
.

## 2. 3 Change s i

n Operatio n Th e 2004 permi t

require d WLP

C to diver t th e discharg e o f

filter backwash fro

mOutfall 00 2 (whic

h wa s locate

d a t th e mill ) t o th e wastewate r treatmen t syste m(an d eventua l discharg e vi aOutfal

l 001) . Thi s reroutin g wa s completed i

n Apri l o f 2005 . The facilit

y ha s als o implemented severa l project s t o reduc e wate

r us e an d wastewate

r generation , 

## 2. 4 Wastewate r

Characteristic s The 200 4 NPDE S permi

t require d WLP

C to monito

r flow , biochemica

l oxyge n deman d (BOD) , tota

l suspende d solid s (TSS) , temperature , turbidit y an d pH . Annua

l priorit y (toxic ) pollutan

t scan s wer e als o required
. A s note

d above , in Apri l 2005 , WLP

C institute d rerouted filte

r backwash wate

r t o th e wastewate

r treatmen t system , Becaus e of thi s modification , dat

aprior t o thi s perio d ma

y not b e representativ e o f

curren t discharg e condition s an

d dat a collecte d ove

r th e pas t fou r year s (Januar

y 200 6 t o Marc h 2010 ) wer

e use d to characteriz e the effluent
. Th e followin g tabl e present s averag e an d 95 t h percentil e value s fo

r effluen t flow , biochemica

l oxyge n deman d (BOD) , turbidit y an d tota l suspende d solid s (TSS) . Th e maximu man d 90 t h percentil e value s fo

r temperatur

e ar e als o provided
. Effluen

t level s of othe r pollutant s of

concern , includin g toxics , ar e presente d i

n section 7.0 , Wate

r Qualit y Analysis , TABL E 1 : PROCES S WASTEWATE R CHARACTERISTIC S (OUTFAL L 001 ) (JANUAR Y 200 6 - MARC H 2010 ) Paramete r Flo w BOD * TS S Turbidit y Temperatur e (dail y max. ) Temperatur e (7-da y avg . o f dall y max. ) Averag e 4. 2 MG D 4. 8 mg/ L 7. 5 mg/ L 10. 2 NT U Maximu m 30. 6 ° C 3 0 ° C 95" 1 percentil e 5. 2 MG D 7. 6 mg/ L 1 2 mg/ L 17. 9 NT U 90 , h percentil e 26. 1 ° C 26. 1 ° C *Note : I » th e calculatio n o f th e averag e an d 95 ' percentil e BO D values , th e detectio n limi t was use d fo r value s reporte d a s non-detectable
. Thi s result s in calculate d BO D statistic s highe r tha n actual
. I t shoul d b e note d tha

t th e recent characteristic s o f

th e wastewate

r represen t asignifican

t increas e i n qualit y an d reductio n o f

volum e ove r historica l discharge s (a s note

d i n Tabl e 2 , below) , The averag e wastewate r flo w ha s decreased b

y 0. 9 MG D (17% ) an

d averag e TS S concentratio n ha s decrease d b y 5. 3 mg/ L (eve n a s filte r backwas h wate r wit h highe r TS S ha s bee

n adde d t o th e treatmen

t system) . Thes e positiv e result s reflec t th e extensiv e effort

s b y th e facilit

y t o reduc e flow s an

d solid s t o th e wastewate

r treatmen t system . TABL E 2 ; HISTORICA L PROCES S WASTEWATE R CHARACTERISTIC S {JUL Y 2000-JUN E 2003 ) Paramete r Combine d Flo w (Outfall s 00 1 an d 002 ) BO D TS S Averag e 5. 1 MG D 6. 6 mg/ L 12. 8 mg/ L 95 t h percentil e 6. 3 MG D 1 2 mg/ L 2 3 mg/ L 

### 2. 5 Stor m Wate r While alarg e portio n of

th e site' s stor

mwate r runof f i s directed t o the wastewate r treatmen t system , aportion i s discharge d directly t

o the Willamett

e River
. S o i

n additio n t o it s individua

l NPDES permit , th e facilit

y maintain s a stor mwate r genera l permi t (1200-Z) . 5

### 2. 6 Outfal l Th e wastewate

r discharge s covered b y thi s permi t ar e al l discharged throug h one outfall , Outfal l 001 . (WLP

C previousl y use d asecon d outfall , Outfal

l 002 , t o discharg e backwash wate r fro mth e wate

r treatmen t plant' s filters. The backwash wate

r wa s rerouted t o th e wastewate r treatmen t syste man d no w discharge s throug

h Outfal l 001. ) Outfal l 00 1 originate s a

t th e facility' s aerated stabilizatio n basi n (ASB ) a s indicate d i

n Figur e 2 . Th e outfal

l consist s of a2.5-foo t diamete r pip e extending abou

t 55 0 fee t fro mthe wester

n ban k of th e Willamett

e Rive r a t approximat

e rive r mil e 27.4 . Th e outfal

l end s wit h adiffuse r consistin g o f

1 1 diffuse r ports , eac h wit h adiamete

r of 0,8 2 feet
. The port s ar

e offse t fro mth e vertica

l b y a n angl e o f 3 0 degree s i

n th e directio n o

f rive r flow
. The widt h o f th e rive r nea r th e discharg e locatio n i s 104 0 fee t wit h aloca l wate r dept h of approximatel

y 3 3 feet
. The averag e dept

h i n thi s are aof

th e rive r i s 2 5 fee t wit h amaximu

mdept h of 3 4 feet
.

Figur e 2 : Outfal l Locatio n

### 3. 0 RECEIVIN G WATE R Th e Wes t Lin n Pape r

Compan y discharge s t o th e mainste mo f th e Willamett e Rive r

jus t abov e Willamett e Falls , a t approximat e rive r

mil e (RM ) 27.4 . Som e o f th e characteristic s o f

thi s reac h o f

th e Willmett e Rive r

ar e discusse d below
. 

### 3. 1 Wate r Qualit y Standard s Th e wate r

quality standard s fo r

all-waterbodie s (Orego n Administrativ e Rule s [OAR ] 340-41 ) an d specificall y th e Willamett e Basi n (OA R 340-41-0345 ) wer e develope d t o protec t th e beneficia

l use s fo r th e basin
. Th e designate d beneficia l use s o f

th e Willamett e River , liste d i n OA R 340-04 1 Tabl e 340A , ar e a s follows :

• Publi c an d Privat e Domesti c Wate r Wupply , • Industria l Wate r

Wupply , « Irrigation , • Livestoc k

Watering , • Fis h an d Aquati c Lif

e • Wildlif

e and Hunting , • Fishing , • Boating , • Wate r

Contac t Recreation , • Aestheti c Quality , • Hydr o Power , an d
• Commercia l Navigatio n an d Transportatio n Selecte d conventiona l wate r quality criteri afo r

thi s segmen t

o f th e Willamett e Rive r

are liste d i

n Tabl e 3 below
. A listin g o f toxi c wate r

qualit y criteri afo

r pollutant s o f

concer n i s presente d i

n Sectio n 4.4.5 , below
. TABL E 3 SELECTED WILLAMETT E RIVE R WATE R QUALIT

Y CRITERI

A FO R CONVENTIONA

L POLLUTANT S (FRO

M OA R 340-041 ) Paramete r Dissolve d Oxyge n p H Temperatur e
Tota l Dissolve d Solid s Turbidit y In-strea mWate r Qualit y Criteri a Coo l Wate r

Aquati c Lif

e Criteri a(applie s i n summer) : > 6. 5 mg/ L (absolut e minimu mfo

r surfac e samples ) > 6. 5 an d < 8. 5 Th e 7-da y averag e maximu mtemperatur e o f astrea midentifie d a s amigratio n corridor ma y not excee d 2 0 ° C (6 8 °F ) - Insignifican t anthropogeni c input s ar e allowe d Th e concentration s liste d belo w may no t b e exceede d unles s otherwis e specificall y authorize d b y DE Q - 100 mg/ L N o mor e tha n ate n percen t cumulativ e increas e i n natura l strea mturbiditie s shal l b e allowed , a s measure d relativ e t o acontro l poin t immediatel y upstrea mo f th e turbidit y causin g activity
.

### 3. 2 Receivin g Strea m Wate rQualit y

Section 303(d

) o f th e Clea n Wate r Act require s eac

h stat e t o develo p alis t o f wate r bodie s tha t d o no t mee t stat e surfac e wate

r qualit y standard s afte

r implementation o f

technology-based controls
. The stat e i s the n required t o complet e aTota l Maximu mDail y Loa d (TMDL ) fo r wate r bodie s o n the 303(d) list
. The TMD L must addres s wate

r qualit y o n abasin-wid

e scal e t o ensur

e tha t overall wate

r qualit y standard s wil

l b e met . WLP

C discharge s wastewate r t o asegmen

t of th e Willamett

e Rive r tha t i s liste d a s being wate

r qualit y limite d i n the Department' s 303(d) lis t o f stream s (th e most

recen t listin g i s th e 2004/200 6 listing)
. Tabl e 4 include s th e parameter s fo r which ' wate r qualit y standard s i

n th e Willamett

e Rive r ar e no t me t an d th e seaso n whe n standard s ar

e exceeded
. TABL E 4 ; 2004/200 6 303(D ) LISTIN G INFORMATIO

N Strea mSegmen t

Willamett e Rive r

(Mout h t o Willamett e Falls ) Paramete r Aldri n Bacteri a(E.Coli/Feca l Coliform ) Biologica l Criteri a DD T & DD E (DD T metabolite )

Dieldri n Dioxi n Iro n Manganes e Mercury Polychlorinate d Biphenyl s (PCBs ) Pentachloropheno i Polycycli c Aromati c Hydrocarbon s

(PAHs ) Temperatur e Seaso n Year-aroun d Fall/Winter/Sprin g Year-aroun d Year-aroun d Year-aroun d Undefine d Year-aroun d Year-aroun d Year-aroun d Year-aroun d Year-aroun d Year-aroun d Year-aroun d O f th e pollutant s containe

d i n the 303(d) list , bacteria , iron , mercury , manganes e an d temperatur

e hav e the potentia

l t o b e presen

t i n th e facility' s effluent
. Th e maximu mbacteri aconcentratio n (1 1 mpn/100 m L o f feca l coliform ) i s well below th e criterio n use d fo r th e 303(d) listing
. Effluen

t monitoring indicate s tha

t pesticide s (DDT , DDE , aldrin , an d dieldrin) , dioxin , PCBs , pentachlorophenoi , an d PAH s ar e no t presen t a t detectabl e levels
. A temperatur

e TMD L fo r th e Willamett

e Rive r wa s finalize

d i n Septembe

r o f 2006 . A discussio n o

f the temperatur

e issue s associate d wit

h th e discharg e i s presented i n Section 4.4.3 . A discussio n o f th e othe r pollutant s o f

concer n i s als o presented i

n Sectio n 4 . 

### 3. 3 Threatene d & Endangere d Specie s Specie s of anadromou s salmonid s tha

t us e th e lowe

r Willamett e Rive r nea r WLP C includ e chinoo k salmo n {Oncorhynchus tshmvytscha), coh o salmo n (O. kisutch), steelhea

d trou t (O. mykiss), an

d cutthroa t trou t (O . clarki). Residen t salmoni d gam

e specie s includ

e cutthroa t trout . Bul l trou t d o no t occu r i n tlii s are aof

th e Willamett

e River
. O n Marc h 16,1999 , th e Nationa

l Marine Fisherie s Servic e (NMFS ) liste d chinoo k salmon i n the Lowe

r Columbi a Rive r Evolutionar

y Significan

t Uni t (ESU ) as athreatened specie s unde r th e Endangered Specie s Ac t (ESA) . O n Marc h 13 , 1998 , NMF

S listed th e Lowe

r Columbi aRive

r ES U steelhea

d trou t stock s as athreatened specie s unde r 8th e ESA . Thes e specie s utiliz e th e Willamett e Rive r an d it s tributaries
. The Willamett e Rive r ha s bee n designate d as critica l habita t fo r listed chinoo

k salmo n an d steelhea d b y th e NMFS . Based o n th e fis

h us e an d spawnin g us e map s containe d i

n OA R 340-04 1 (Figure s 340

A an d 340B) , th e designate d fish us e fo

r thi s segmen

t of th e Willamett

e Rive r i s a s asalmo

n an d Steelhea d migratio n corrido

r wit h no designate d spawning uses . 

### 3. 4 Regulator y Mixin

g Zon e Analysi s OA R 340-041-005 3 provide s tha t th e Departmen

t ma y suspen d al l o r par t of th e wate r qualit y standard s i

n a designate d portio n o

f th e receivin g wate

r t o serv e a s azone of

dilutio n fo

r waste s an

d receivin g water s t

o mi x thoroughly
. Wate

r qualit y standard s fo

r al l parameter s mus t

b e me t a t th e edg e o f

the define d mixing zone . Mixing Zon

e A s describe d i

n th e 200 4 permit , the mixing zone fro mOutfall 00 1 i s define

d a s tha t portion o f

the Willamett

e Rive r withi n 6 5 fee t fro mthe poin

t o f discharge , (Se e Section 2.6 , above , fo r adescriptio n of

the outfall. ) WLP C conducted amixing zone stud y t o determine mixin g characteristic s an d availabl e dilution
. The result s of th e mixing zone stud

y ar e presented i

n th e Revised

Mixing Zone Study Report b y Seco r Internationa

l Incorporated (Novembe r 13 , 2003) . Th

e mixin g zone stud

y consiste d o f

afield dye stud

y an d modeling o f

variet y o f differen t discharg e an

d ambien t rive r conditions
. The lowes t

predicte d dilutio n wa s 67: 1 durin g 7Q1 0 low flow 1 conditions , high strea mtemperature , an

d maximu meffluen t temperature . Thi s dilution i s considere d the critica l dilutio n a t th e edg e of th e mixing zone an

d wa s use d i n th e wate r qualit y analyses
. The 7Q1 0 lo

w flo w fo r the Willamett

e Rive r a t thi s point wa s estimate d a

t 530 0 cubi c fee t pe r secon t (cfs)
. Zone of Immediat e Dilution A zone o f immediat e dilutio n (ZID ) withi n th e mixing zon e i s being propose

d a s allowe

d b y OA R 340-041-0053 . Complianc e wit

h acut e toxicit y standard s mus t

b e me t a t th e edg e o f

th e ZID . EP

A guidanc e state s tha

t the ZI D shoul d b e th e mos t

restrictiv e of

th e followin

g criteria : 1 ) Withi n 10 % of th e distanc e fro

mth e edg e of

th e outfal l structur e t o th e edg e o f

th e regulator

y mixing zone . Thi s woul d result i n aZI D of 6, 5 feet , 2 ) Withi n adistanc e o

f 5 0 time s th e discharg e lengt h scal e i n an y spatia l direction
. The discharg e lengt h scal e i s th e squar

e roo t o f th e cross-sectiona

l are aof th e port . I

n th e cas e o f

amulti-por

t diffuser, thi s requiremen

t must b e me t fo r eac h por t usin g the appropriat

e discharg e lengt

h scal e of tha t port . Thi s woul

d resul t i n aZI D of 36, 3 feet
. 3 ) Withi n 5 time s th e loca

l wate r dept h i n an y horizonta

l directio n fro

man y discharg e outlet
. Thi s would result i n aZI D o f 168 feet , The mos t stringen t o f the thre e criteri ai s 10 % o f the distanc e fro

mthe edg e o f

the regulator

y mixing zone , whic

h result s i n aZI D o f 6. 5 feet
. The ZI

D i s define d a s a n are awithin 6. 5 fee

t i n an y directio n o

f th e diffuser
. Modeling predict s tha

t th e critica l dilutio n a

t the edg e of

th e ZI D i s 5:1 .

1 Th e 7Q1 0 lo w flo w i s the'lowes

t 7-da y averag e rive r flo w wit h a1 0 yea r retur n period
. 

### 9

### 4. 0 PERMI T LIMITATION S Tw o categorie s of

effluen t limitation s exis t

fo r NPDES permits : 1 ) Technology base d effluen t limits , an d 2 ) Wate r qualit y base d effluen t limits
. Technology base

d effluen t limit s ar e developed b

y applying th e nationa

l effluen t limitatio n guideline s (ELGs ) establishe d b y EP A fo r specifi c industria

l categories
. Technology base d effluen t limit s ar e establishe d t o requir

e aminimu

mleve l of treatmen t fo r industria l o r municipa l source s usin g availabl e technology
. Wate

r qualit y base d effluen t limit s ar e designe d t o b e protectiv e o f

th e beneficia l use s o f th e receiving wate r an d ar e independen

t of th e availabl e treatmen

t technology
. I

n addition , whe

n performin

g apermi t renewal , ther e ar e existin g permi

t limits
. Thes e ma

y b e technology-base d limits , wate r quality-based limits , o

r limit s base

d o n bes t professiona

l judgment
. I

n general , whe

n renewing apermit , th e mos t stringen t limit s fro meac h o f thes e thre e categorie s apply
. 

### 4. 1 Existin g Permi t

Limit s Th e existin g (2004 ) NPDE S permi t include s effluen

t limit s fo r outfal l 00 1 (Discharg e fro

mAerate d Stabilization Basi n t o Willamett

e River ) a s listed i n Tabl e 5 , below
. Tabl e 5 : Curren t Outfal l 00 1 Effluen t Limit s Paramete r BOD5(May-Oct ) (Nov-April ) TS S P H Exces s Therma l Load (Ma y - Oct ) Turbidit y (May-Oct ) (Nov - April ) Dail y Ma x 380 0 lbs/da

y 801 5 lbs/da

y 900 0 lbs/da

y Monthl y Av e 287 0 Ibs/da

y 421 0 lbs/da

y 600 0 lbs/da

y Withi n th e rang e o f 5. 0 - 9. 0 a t al l time s 17 5 x 10 H Kcal/da

y (7-da y movin g averag e o f dail y maximu m exces s therma l load ) 3 1 NTU 77 NTU N/ A N/ A I n additio n t o the limit s fo

r Outfal l 001 , th e 200

4 permi t als o include s effluen

t limit s fo r Outfal l 002 , th e filter backwash discharge
. Since thi s discharg e wa s eliminated i n 2005 , thes e effluen

t limit s ar e n o longe r applicable
. Th e 200 4 prmi t als o include

d interi mturbidit y limit s whic

h ar e n o longe r applicable
. 

### 4. 2 Technology-Base d Effluen t Limit s EP A ha s developed effluen

t limitatio n guideline s (ELGs ) fo r man y type s o f industries
. Thes e ELG

s ar e codifie d i n th e Cod e o f Federa l Regulation s (CFR) . The ELG s ar e typically expressed i

n term s of

mas s of aparticula

r pollutan t allowe d pe r uni t o f productio n o

r unit of flow
. ELG s ar

e als o expresse d a s concentration i n whic h cas e th e productio n i s no

t relevant
. Fo r existin g industr

y types wher

e EP A ha s establishe d ELGs , thre e categorie s of effluen t limitation s ma

y b e developed
. Thes e categorie s are : Bes t Practicabl e Contro l Technology Currently Availabl e (BPT) , Bes t Conventiona

l Pollutan t Control Technology (BCT) , an d Bes t Available Technology Economicall y Achievabl e (BAT) . BP

T represent s the minimu

mtechnolog y leve

l an d applie s t

o al l existin g poin

t source s discharge s fo

r which ELG s hav e bee

n published
. BC

T replace s BP

T fo r conventiona

l pollutants , an

d BA T replace s BP

T fo r non conventiona

l an d toxi c pollutants
. BP

T limitation s mus t

b e me t upo n publicatio n o f

the ELGs . EP

A allow s additiona l tim e fo r facilitie s t o compl y wit h BC T an d BA T limitations
. Th e technolog y base

d standard s i

n 4 0 CF R 43 0 - Pulp , Pape

r & Paperboar

d Poin t Sourc e Categoiy appl

y t o the WLPC . WLP

C manufacture s fin

e an d ligh t paper s fro mpurchased pul

p (Subpar t K - Fin e an d Lightweigh

t Papers 

### 1 0fro

mPurchased Pul

p Subcategory)
. Thi s subpar t specifie s BP

T limitation s (no BC

T limitation s promulgated) an d BA T limitation s base

d o n production
. 4 0 CF

R 430.0l(n ) define s production a s th e annua l off-the-machin

e productio n (includin g off-the-machin e coatin g wher

e applicable ) divided b

y th e numbe

r o f operatin g day s durin g tha t year . Pape

r an d paperboar

d productio n shal

l b e measure d a t th e off-the-machin

e moistur e content . Revie

w o f productio n dat

aove r th e pas t 5 year s (Apri l 200 5 throug h Marc h 2010 ) indicate s tha

t th e averag e productio n rat

e durin g thi s perio d wa s 80

7 tons/day
. S o thi s valu e (80 7 ton s o r 1,614,00 0 pound s pe

r day ) wil l b

e use d t o calculat

e th e technology base d effluen t limits
. Th

e production-base d BP

T factor s fro

m4 0 CF R 430.11 2 tha

t appl y t o WLP C ar e presente d i

n th e followin

g table
. TABL E 6 : BP T EFFLUEN T LIMITATION S FO R NON-INTEGRATE D MILL S (FINE PAPE R FRO M PURCHASE D PULP ) - WOO D FIBE R FURNIS H Paramete r BO D - 5 da y TS S p H Kg/kk g (o r pound s pe r

1,00 0 lb ) o f produc t Maximu mfo r an y 1 da y 8. 2 11. 0 Averag e o f dail y value s fo

r 3 0 consecutiv e day s 4,2 5 5. 9 5.0-9. 0 S.U . Base d o n th e productio n rat

e reporte d i

n th e NPDES permi

t application , th e followin

g technology base

d BP T effluen t limitation s appl

y t o th e WLPC , TABL E 7 : BP T EFFLUEN T LIMITATION S FO R WLP C Paramete r BO D - 5 da

y TS S P H Dail y Maximu m

13,23 5 Ibs/da

y 17,75 4 Ibs/da

y Monthl y Averag e

6,86 0 Ibs/da

y 9,52 3 Ibs/da

y 5.0-9, 0 S.U
. 4 0 CF R 430.11 4 specifie s th e BAT limitations
. Thi s portio n o f the ELG s allow s facilitie s tha t do not us e chlorophenoli c biocide s (pentachloropheno i an d trichlorophenol ) t o provid e certification tha

t the y ar e no t usin g thes e biocides , WLP

C ha s previously provided certification tha t no chlorophenoli c biocide s ar e use d a t th e facility
. The Departmen

t i s proposing to includ

e acondition i

n the renewa

l permi t requiring WLP

C t o provid

e ane w certification tha

t chlorophenoli c biocide s ar

e not used
. 

## 4. 3 Compariso n o

f 200 4 NDPE S Permi t Limit s an d Technolog y Base d Limit s Thi s sectio n present s acompariso n o f the 200 4 NPDE S Permi t limit s wit h th e technology-based limitation s fro m EPA' s effluen

t limitatio n guidelines
. Sinc e WLP C di d no t reques t amas s loa

d increase , th e propose

d limit s t o b e use d fo r wate r qualit y analysi s will b

e th e mor e stringen t of eithe r th e 200 4 NPDES Permi

t limit s o r the technology-base d limitation s calculate d above
.

TABL E 8 : COMPARISO N O F EXISTIN G AN D TECHNOLOG Y BASE D LIMIT S Paramete r BOD- 5 da y TS S P H Technology-Base d Limit s

Dail y Maximu m 13,23 5 Ibs/da

y 17,75 4 Ibs/da

y Monthl y Averag e 6,86 0 Ibs/da

y 9,52 3 Ibs/da

y 5.0-9. 0 S.U
. 2004 Limit s Ma y - Oc t Nov-Apri l Dail y Maximu m

380 0 lbs/da

y 801 5 Ibs/da

y 900 0 ibs/da

y Monthl y Averag e 287 0 lbs/da y 421 0 lbs/da y 600 0 lbs/da y 5.0-9. 0 S.U
. 

## 1 1For

BO D an d TS S a t outfal l 001 , th e 200

4 NPDE S Permi

t limit s ar e mor e stringen t tha n the limit s calculated usin g th e technology-based standards
. Therefore , th e 200 4 NPDES permi

t limit s fo r thes e parameter s wil

l b e used fo

r the wate r qualit y analysis
. 

### 4. 4 Wate rQuality-Base d Effluen t Limit s Thi s sectio n determine s pollutant s of concer n an d evaluate s eac

h paramete

r t o determin e whethe r th e concentration of th e pollutan

t i n th e discharg e represent s a"reasonabl e potentia l t o exceed " wate

r qualit y standards
. If

th e discharg e concentratio n of

aparticula

r pollutan t ha s areasonabl e potentia

l to exceed wate

r qualit y standards , the

n wate r qualit y base d effluen t limit s ar e establishe d fo

r tha t pollutant , T o determine whethe r the discharg e ha s a reasonabl e potentia

l t o excee d wate r qualit y standard s fo

r toxi c pollutants , aspreadshee t tha t simulate s th e approac h i n EPA' s Technica

l Suppor t Documen t fo r Wate r Qualit y Base d Toxic s wa s used
. Pollutant s o f

Concer n Usin g effluen

t dat afro mdischarg e monitoring reports , 303(d ) parameters , an

d monitoring conducted fo r th e NPDE S permi

t application , the pollutant s o f concer n bein g discharg e fro

mthe facilit

y wer e determined
. A s explained i

n Sectio n 3.2 , above , th e Willamett e Rive r i s liste d a s wate r qualit y limited fo

r severa l parameters . O f thes e listed parameters , mercury , manganese , iro n an d temperatur

e ar e pollutant s o f

concer n i n th e effluen

t of WLPC . I n additio n t o thes e pollutants , biochemica l oxyge n deman d (BOD) , pH , turbidity , arsenic , selenium , an d bromofor mwer e detected i

n th e facility' s effluen

t an d ar e considered pollutant s of

concern . Analytica

l result s fo r dioxin (2,3,7, 8 TCDD) , all volatil e compound s (wit h th e exception o f

bromoform) , al

l acid compounds , al l base/neutra

l compound s an

d all pesticide s wer

e belo w detectio n limit s an d ar e thu s no t include d as pollutant s o f concern . 4.4. 1 Dissolve d Oxygen Th e 200 4 NPDES Permi

t include s abiochemica

l oxyge n deman d (BOD ) limit

fo r th e discharg e fro

moutfal l 001 . BO D i s ameasur

e of the oxyge n deman d exerte d b

y th e wastewater . BO

D ca n affec t dissolved oxyge

n level s i n th e receivin g stream . Fo

r th e 200 4 permit , adetailed analysi s wa s developed o f th e impact s du e t o WLP

C effluen t o n dissolved oxyge

n level s i n the Willamett

e River
. Sinc e th e effluen

t an d receivin g strea

mcharacteristic s hav

e no t changed significantly , thi s analysi s i s stil l considered valid
. The followin g i s th e dissolved oxyge

n analysi s develope d fo

r th e 200 4 permit : Dissolved oxyge

n (D O ) analysi s has bot

h anear-fiel

d component , whic

h i s primaril

y influence

d b y mixing , an

d a far-fiel d component , whic

h i s primaril

y influence

d b y the oxyge

n deman d exerte d b

y th e wastewater . Sinc e the trave l tim e t o th e edg e o f

th e mixin g zone i s quit

e shor t compare d t o th e tim e require d fo

r the BO D t o exer t a n oxyge n demand , th e near-fiel

d analysi s i s primaril

y influence d b y dilutio n withi n th e mixin

g zone . A mas s balanc e equation i s use

d t o determine the resultin g dissolved oxyge n level s a t the edg e o

f th e mixin g zone . Th

e calculatio n i s a s follows : DO„ l z = (DO e * Q e + DO s * Q s ) / (Qlllz ) Where : DO m z i s the dissolved oxyge

n leve l a t the edg e of

the mixing zone ; DO e i s th e dissolved oxyge

n leve l i n th e effluen

t ( 3 mg/ L -10 t h percentil e of

effluen t data) ; DO s i s the dissolved oxyge n leve l i n th e Willamett

e Rive r upstrea mo f the discharg e (8. 0 mg/L , Canb y Ferr y monitorin g statio n a

t R M 34.5 ) Q s i s th e portio n o f

th e Willamett

e Rive r availabl e fo

r mixing (66 ) Q nKi s th e dilutio n a

t the edge o f

th e mixin g zone (67 ) Q e i s th e effluen

t flo w as arati o to rive

r flow (1 ) 1 2The resultin g D O level s a t th e edg e o f

th e mixin g zone woul

d b e 7.9 3 mg/L , abou

t 0.0 7 mg/ L lowe r tha n upstrea m levels
. Thus , th e discharg e woul d no t reduc e dissolved oxyge

n level s belo w th e cool-wate r dissolve d oxyge

n criteri ao f 6. 5 mg/ L a t th e edg e of

th e mixing zone . A "Streeter-Phelps " dissolved oxyge n analysi s wa s conducted t o determine th e far-fiel d effects o

n in-strea m dissolved oxyge

n level s i n th e Willamett

e Rive r as aresult of th e discharg e fro

mth e WLP

C facility
. The permitted summe r BO D loa d (3800 lbs/day ) alon g wit

h critica l strea mflo w condition s wer

e use d i n th e simplifie

d Streeter

Phelp s analysis
. Thi s analysi s i s primaril y ascreening analysi s t o determin e whethe r amor e detaile d dissolved oxyge n analysi s i s necessaiy
. Thi s screenin g analysi s doe s no t accoun t fo r othe r discharge s downstrea

mof WLP C nor doe s i t accoun t fo r re-aeratio n tha

t occur s a t Willamett e Fall s an d th e additiona

l flow fro mth e Clackama s Rive

r jus t downstrea

mof Willamett e Falls
. Thi s simplifie

d analysi s indicate s tha

t the resulting maximu

mdissolve d oxyge n defici t as aresul t of th e permitte d summe

r BO D loa d fro mWLP C i s abou t 0.1 2 mg/ L (Attachmen

t A) . A wate r qualit y analysi s using th e QUAL-2 E mode l o f th e Willamett

e Rive r wa s conducte d of the Blu e Heron Pape r Company' s discharge , which i s locate d jus t upstrea mo f WLPC' s discharge
. Thi s analysi s account s fo r othe r discharge s including WLPC , re-aeratio n tha t occur s a t Willamett e Fall s an d Clackama s Rive

r an d othe r tributar y flows
. The QUAL-2

E mode l predict s tha

t th e resultin g dissolved oxyge n defici t i n th e lowe

r Willamett e Rive r woul d b e les s tha

n 0.1 0 mg/ L a t R M 10 . Th e QUAL-2 E mode l ove r predict s dissolved oxyge

n defici t downstrea

m of R M 1 4 du e t o longitudina

l dispersio n cause

d b y tida l fluctuation s an

d Columbi aRive

r wate r interactions
. The actua l dissolved oxyge

n impacts i

n thi s regio n (i.e
. downstrea mo f R M 14 ) ar e expecte d t o b e les s tha

n thos e predicte d b y th e QUAL-2

E model
. Base d o n thes e evaluations , th e Departmen t i s proposing t o includ

e the currently permitted summe r BO D loa d o f 380 0 lbs/da

y i n the NPDES permit
. 4.4. 2 Turbidit y Th e wate r qualit y standar d fo r turbidit y i s dependen

t o n backgroun

d strea mturbidit y measurements . Th e standar d state s tha t n o mor e tha n a10 % cumulativ e increas e i n strea mturbidit y level s i s allowed relativ e t o acontro l poin t immediatel

y upstrea mof the turbidit

y causin g activity
. Effluen t limit s fo r turbidit y addressing thi s standar

d wer e developed fo

r th e 200 4 permit
. I

n th e perio d sinc e th e 200

4 permi t renewal , WLP

C ha s significantl

y reduce d th e turbidit y i n it s effluen

t (se e Tabl e 9) , eve

n afte r reroutin g filter

backwash wate

r t o the treatmen

t system , TABL E 9 : WILLAMETT E RIVE R AN D EFFLUEN T TURBIDIT Y LEVEL S Paramete r Previou s Effluen t Turbidit

y (12/02-1/04 ) "Current " Effluen t Turbidit y (1/06-3/10 ) Rive rTurbidit

y Seaso n

Ma y 1 - Oct
. 3 1 Nov
. 1-Apri l 3 0 Ma y 1 - Oct
. 3 1 Nov
. 1 -Apri l 3 0 Ma y 1 - Oct
. 3 1 Nov
. 1 -Apri l 3 0 Media n Turbidit y (NTU ) 2 3 2 9 6 1 1 4 1 0 95 , h percentil e Turbidit y

(NTU ) 3 9 5 6 1 2 2 2

-

- - The summe

r backgroun

d turbidit y level s i n th e tabl e above ar

e a n estimat e base d o n Willamett

e Rive r dat a collecte d a

t Canb y Ferr y (R M 34.5 ) an

d Tualatin Rive

r a t Weis s Bridg e (R

M 0.2) . Tualatin Rive

r turbidit y level s ar e no t expected t o measurabl

y impact Willamett e Rive r turbidit y level s durin g the winte

r months
. Thus , th e winte

r backgroun d turbidit y level s i n th e tabl e abov e ar

e base d onl y o n Willamett

e Rive r dataa t Canby Ferry . Media

n turbidit y level s ar e presented i

n th e tabl e abov e rathe

r tha n averag e becaus e averag e value s tend t o b e biased base d o n asmal l numbe r o f ver y high o r ver y low measurements .

1 3Fo

r outfal l 001 , amas s balanc e equatio n wa s use d t o determine th e resultin g increas e i n turbidit y level s a t the edg e of th e mixing zone . The calculatio n i s a s follows : Turbidityin

z = (Turbidity , * Q e + Turbidity , * Q s ) / (Q wz ) Where : Turbidity,„

z i s th e turbidit

y leve l a t th e edg e o f

th e mixing zone ; Turbidity e i s th e turbidit

y level in the effluent ; Turbidity , i s th e turbidit

y leve l i n the Willamett

e Rive r upstrea mof the discharg e Q s i s the portio n o f

th e Willamett

e Rive r availabl e fo

r mixing (66 ) Q inz i s th e dilutio n a

t the edg e of

th e mixing zone (67 ) Qe i s the effluen

t flo w a s arati o to rive

r flo w (1 ) Usin g th e media

n turbidit y levels , th e resultin g turbidit y increas e i s 0.0 3 NT

U durin g the dt

y seaso n (Ma y 1 - Octobe r 31 ) an d 0.02 NT U durin g th e we

t seaso n (Novembe

r 1 - Apri l 30) . Bot

h thes e value s ar

e les s tha n a10 % increas e fro

mbackgroun

d turbidit y levels , Wit

h th e 95 t

h percentil e effluen

t turbidit y levels , th e resultin g turbidit y increas e a t th e edg e of

the mixing zone i s 0,1 2 NT U durin g th e dr

y seaso n (Ma y 1 - Octobe

r 31 ) an d 0,1 8 NT U durin g the we

t seaso n (Novembe

r 1 - Apri l 30) . Bot

h thes e value s ar

e als o les s tha

n a10 % increas e fro

m backgroun d turbidit y levels
. Based o n thi s analysis , i

t i s determine

d tha t the discharg e fro

moutfal l 00 1 ha s n o reasonabl e potentia l t o exceed th e wate r qualit y standar d fo r turbidity
. However , sinc e aeffluen t limi t fo r turbidit y alread y exist s i n th e 200 4 permit , thi s limi t will b e retained i

n the renewa

l permit
. 4.4. 3 Temperatur e Thi s segmen

t o f th e Willamett

e Rive r serve s a s amigratio n corrido r fo r salmonids
. OA

R 340-0 4 l-0028(4)(d ) state s tha t th e 7-da y averag e maximu

mtemperatur

e o f astrea midentifie d a s amigratio n corrido

r ma y no t exceed 2 0 ° C (6 8 °F) . A s note

d i n Sectio n 3.3 , thi s segmen

t of th e Willamett

e Rive r doe s not mee t wate r qualit y standard s fo

r temperatur e durin g th e summe

r months
. Fo

r stream s tha

t d o not mee t wate r qualit y standards , OA

R 340-041

- 0028(12 ) state s the following : "Followin g atemperatur

e TMDL o

r othe r cumulativ e effect

s analysis , wast

e loa d an d loa d allocation s will restric t al l NPDE S poin

t source s an

d nonpoin t source s t o acumulativ e increas e of

no greate r tha n 0. 3 degree s Celsiu s (0. 5 Fahrenheit

) above th e applicabl e criteri aafte r complet e mixing i n th e wate r body , an d a t the poin t of maximu mimpact, " Sinc e atemperatur

e TMD L ha s bee n completed fo

r th e Willamett

e Rive r (Septembe

r 2006) , th e above provision fro mOA R 340-041-0028(12 ) applies
. The TMD L gave awasteloa

d allocatio n (a

n "Exces s Therma

l Load" ) o f

19 7 million Kcals/da

y (based o n a7-da y moving averag e of

the daily maximu

mexces s therma

l loads)
. Sinc e th e curren

t (2004 ) permi

t ha s a n exces s therma

l loa d limi t of 17 5 million Kcal/day , the Departmen t i s proposing t o retain the existin g limit
. (It

shoul d b e note d tha t WLP C ha s ha d difficult y meeting the existin g limit
. I f continuing efforts o

n th e par t o f WLP C t o mee t the limi t fail , i t i s expecte d tha t th e facilit y ma y reques t apermi t modificatio

n t o increas e th e limi t t o tha t allowe d unde r the TMDL. ) Therma l Plum e Criteri a Th e Department' s wate

r qualit y standard s includ

e temperatur

e therma l plum e limitation s i

n OA R 340-041-0053(d)
. Thi s sectio n o

f the rule s contain s criteri at o preven t potentia l advers e impacts tha

t ma y result fro mtherma l plumes
. Th e temperatur

e therma l plum e limitation s tha

t th e Departmen

t ha s adopte

d ar e simila r t o th e recommendation s i

n th e Apri l 200 3 EP A Regio n 1 0 Temperatur

e guidance
. Th

e criteri aas they appl

y t o th e WLP

C discharg e ar

e discussed below : 1 4• OA

R 340-041-0053(d)(A) : Impairmen t of a n activ e salmoni d spawning are awher e spawnin g redd s ar e locate d o r likel y t o b e located
. WLP C discharge ; Ther

e i s no salmonid spawning i n thi s segmen

t of th e Willamett

e River
. Thi s segmen

t of th e Willamett

e Rive r selve s a s amigratio n corrido r fo r salmonids
. OA R 340-041-0053(d)(B) : Acut e impairmen

t o r instantaneou s lethalit

y i s prevented o

r minimize d b y limitin g potentia

l fis h exposur e t o temperature s of

3 2 ° C o r mor e t o les s tha

n 2 seconds
. WLP C discharge : Based o

n temperatur

e datacollecte d ove

r th e pas t fou r year s using acontinuou s recordin g device , th

e maximu minstantaneou s effluen

t temperatur

e a t outfal l 00 1 wa s 30. 6 ° C (recorded o n July 31 , 2009) . Thus , the discharg e i s no t expected t o caus e a

n acut e impairmen

t o r instantaneou s lethality
. OAR 340-041-0053(d)(C): Thermal shock caused by a sudden increase in water temperature is prevented or minimized

by limiting potential

fish exposure to temperatures of 25 "C or more to less than 5% of

the cross-section of

100% of the IQlOflow of

the waterbody. WLPC discharge: The approximat e cross-sectiona

l are ao f th e Willamett

e Rive r nea r th e outfal l a t 7Q1 0 lo w flow s i s 26,00 0 ft 2

. Fiv e percen t o f thi s are ai s 130

0 ft 2

. A n analysi s of

the temperatur

e impact s o f th e effluen t indicate s tha

t whe n th e effluen

t plum e reache s 5 % of

th e river' s cross-sectiona

l area , th e plume' s temperatur

e will neve

r b e ove r 25° C unles s th e ambien

t rive r condition s approac

h 25° : A t a n ambien t rive r temperatur

e o f 24,8°C , th e increas e i

n rive r temperatur

e a t th e poin t wher e th e plum e reache s 5 % of

th e rive r cross-sectiona

l are ai s approximatel

y 25.1° C (Se e calculation s i n Attachmen

t B) . Thi s portio n o

f th e therma

l plum e rul e i s base

d primarily o

n th e USEP

A guidanc e document , EPA Region 10Guidance for

Pacific Northwest

State and Tribal Temperature Water

Quality Standards (Apri l 2003) , Section V.3 . of

th e documen

t give s guidanc e o

n protectin g salmonid s fro

mtherma l plum e impact s an

d provide s th e following discussio n o n therma l shock : Thermal shock leading to increased

predation can occur

when salmon and

trout exposed to near optimal temperatures (e.g., 15°C) experience a sudden temperature increase to 26 - 30°Cfor

a short period of time (Coufant, 1973). Therefore, EPA suggests that thermal plumes be conditioned

to limit the cross-sectional area of a river that exceeds 25°C

to a small

percent of the river (e.g., 5 percent

or less). I t i s clea r tha t therma l shoc k occur s whe

n ambien t rive r condition s ar

e suddenl y increase d fro mrelativel y lo w temperature s (the exampl e o f 15° C i s given) to temperature s abov e 25°C . I t i s als o clea

r tha t thi s elemen t i s intende

d t o appl y whe n ambien t rive r temperature s ar

e muc h lowe r tha n 25°C . 340-041

- 0053(d)(C ) provide s one metho d to ensur e therma l shoc k doe s no t occur , but

a t highe r ambien t rive r temperature s additiona

l exposur e timin g restriction s ma

y b e develope d to preven

t therma l shock
. On e suc

h restrictio n i s to ensur

e rive r temperature s ar

e no t increased b

y mor e tha n aminima

l amoun t whe n th e effluen t plum e reache s 5 % of

th e river' s cross-sectiona

l area . For th e WLP C discharge , th e expected increas e i n rive r temperature s whe

n th e effluen

t plum e reache s 5 % of th e river' s cross-sectiona

l are aan d the rive r temperatur

e approache s 25° C i s approximatel y 0.2°C . A

n increas e thi s smal

l will no t likel y result in therma l shock
.

1 5• OAR 340-041-0053 (d)(D): Unless ambient temperature is 21 "C

or greater, migration blockage is prevented or minimized

by limiting potential

fish exposure to temperatures of 21 °C or more to less than 25% of the cross-section of

100% of the 7Q10flow of

the waterbody. WLPC discharge: Thi s rul e i s als o base d primaril y o n the USEP

A guidanc e document , EPA Region 10 Guidance for

Pacific Northwest

State and

Tribal Temperature Water

Quality Standards (April 2003) . Sectio n Y.3 . of

the documen

t give s guidanc e o

n protectin g salmonid s fro

mtherma l plum e impacts an

d provide s thi s discussion o

n migration blockage : Adult migration blockage conditions can occur at 21°C .. . Therefore, EPA suggests that the cross-sectional area of a river at or above 21°C

be limited

to less than 25% or, if

upstream temperature exceeds 21°C, the thermal plume be limited

such that 75% of the cross-sectional

area of the river has less than a de minimis (e.g., 0.25°C) temperature increase. Fo r acritica l scenari o relate d to th e WLP C discharge , a s th e rive

r temperatur

e approache s 21° C (20,9°C) , th e resultin g temperatur

e o f effluen t plum e whe n i t reache s 25 % o f

th e river' s cross-sectiona

l are awill b

e 20.96° C (se e calculation s i n Attachmen

t B) . Thi s i s clearl

y ad e minimi s increas e whic h prevent s o

r minimize s migratio n blockage
. Thus , th e analysi s indicate s tha t th e discharg e fro

mthe WLP

C facilit y meet s the temperatur

e therma l plum e limitation s i

n OA R 340-04 1 -0053(d)
. 4.4.4 pH A s noted i n Section 3.1 , Applicabl e Wate r Qualit y Standards , th e wate

r qualit y standar d fo r p H fo r th e Willamett

e Rive r i s 6. 5 - 8.5 . The p

H limi t in th e 200 4 NPDES permi

t i s 5. 0 - 9. 0 a

t Outfal l 001 . The technology base d limi t fo r p H i n 4 0 CF R 430.11 2 fo

r outfall 00 1 i s als o 5. 0 - 9.0 . A reasonabl e potentia l analysi s ha s bee

n performe d t o determine the potentia

l fo r th e effluen

t t o caus e violatio n of

th e p H wate

r qualit y standar d a t th e edg e o f th e mixing zone an d i s presente d i

n Attachmen

t C . Thi s analysi s indicate s tha t th e lowe r limi t o f 5. 0 woul d hav e areasonabl e potentia l t o violat e th e lowe r wate r qualit y p H criterio n o f

6, 5 a t the edg e of

th e mixing zone . The analysi s als o indicate s tha

t ap H lowe

r limi t of 5. 5 woul d no t have areasonabl e potentia

l t o violat e th e criterion
. Thus , alowe r p H effluen t limi t of 5. 5 (a s oppose

d t o th e 200 4 permit' s limi

t of 5.0 ) i s appropriate
. A p

H limi t o f 5. 5 - 9. 0 i s proposed fo

r th e discharg e fro

moutfal l 001 . 4.4.5 Toxic Pollutants Based o n arevie w o f

the analytica

l dat asubmitte d wit h the NPDES permi

t application , th e toxi c pollutant s o f concer n a t outfal l 00 1 ar e arsenic , bromoform , iron , mercury , manganese , an d selenium
. A

n evaluatio n wa s conducted t o determine whethe r th e level s of

thes e pollutant s i

n th e discharg e have a"reasonabl e potentia l t o exceed " wate

r qualit y standards
. The followin g tabl e specifie s the aquati c lif e an d huma n healt h wate r qualit y standards , the maximu

meffluen t concentration , an

d th e numbe

r o f sample s collecte d fo

r eac h pollutant
.

1 6Tabl e 10 : Toxi c Po l Paramete r

Tota l Arseni c Arseni c V Arseni c II I Bromofor m Iro n Mercur y Manganes e Seleniu m Uni t

Mg/ L Mg/ L pg/ L pg/ L pg/ L M9/ L pg/ L Mg/ L Aquati c Lif e Criteri a Acut e Criterio n N/ A 85 0 36 0 N/ A N/ A 2. 4 N/ A 26 0 Chroni c

Criterio n N/ A 48 19 0 N/ A 100 0 0.01 2 N/ A 3 5 utant s o f Concer n a t Outfal l 00 1

Huma n Healt h Criteri a Water & Fis h Ingestio n 0.002 2 N/ A N/ A 4. 3 30 0 (Dissolved ) 0.14 4 5 0 (Dissolved ) 1 0 Fis h

Consumptio n 0.017 5 N/ A N/ A 14 0 N/ A 0.14 6 10 0 (Total ) 420 0 Ma x Effluen t

Concentratio n
2.7 5 2.7 5 (Tota l Arsenic ) 2.7 5 (Tota l Arsenic ) 1.0 1 22. 7 (Tota l Iron ) 0.0017 6 47. 7 (Tota l Mn ) 26. 8 Numbe r

o f Sample s 6 6 6 6 5 8 5 6 Whe n determining whethe

r adischarg e ha s th e potentia l t o exceed wate

r qualit y standards , the Departmen t account s fo

r the variabilit

y of th e effluent
. A multiplie

r i s use d to accoun

t fo r effluen t variabilit y i n accordanc e wit h th e method s outlined i

n EPA' s Technica

l Suppor t Documen t fo r Wate r Qualit y Base d Toxic s Contro l (Marc

h 1991) . T o determin e whethe r th e discharg e ha s areasonable potentia l t o exceed wate

r qualit y standard s fo

r thes e pollutants , aspreadshee

t tha t simulate s th e approach in EPA' s Technica l Suppor t Documen t fo r Wate r Qualit y Based Toxic s wa s use

d (fo r Arsenic , pleas e se e th e discussio n below)
. Maximu mprobabl e effluen

t concentration s (base d o n th e multiplier) , wate

r qualit y criteria , an

d mixing zon

e dilutio n dat

aar e used t o determine whethe r th e discharg e ha s areasonable potentia l to excee d wate

r qualit y standards
. Th e result s of th e reasonabl e potentia

l analyse s ar

e include d i n Attachment s D an

d E . The result s indicat

e that , wit

h th e exception o f

arsenic , th e discharg e doe s no t

hav e areasonabl e potentia l t o excee d wate r qualit y criteri afo

r the pollutant s of

concer n identified i n Tabl e 10 . Thus , wate

r qualit y base d effluen t limit s ar e no t proposed fo

r thes e pollutant s a

t outfal l 001 , Arsenic : Arseni c i s foun

d a t naturall y occurrin g elevate d level s i n man y of th e stream s i

n Oregon , including th e Willamett e River
. WLPC' s proces s wate r i s withdrawn fro

mth e Willamett

e Rive r wher e th e tota l arseni c concentration s hav e bee

n measured a

t approximatel

y 1 ug/L . O

f th e six tota

l arseni c analyse s performe d fo r the facility , fou

r ha d non-detectabl e concentrations , on e sample wa s measured a t 2.1 8 ug/ L an d the measured maximu mvalu e wa s 2.7 5 pg/L . Thes e concentration s ma y reflec t onl y th e concentratio n o f

arseni c throug

h evaporatio n o f

rive r intak e water , rathe

r tha n an y additio n of

arseni c b y th e facility
. Th e Departmen

t i s currentl y i n th e proces s of

revising it s huma

n healt h arseni c criterio n an

d will b e proposin g a criterio n t o bette

r reflec t th e mor e toxi c speciation s o f

arseni c (inorgani c arsenic ) using aregionall y appropriat

e health-ris k calculatio n method
. Thi s wil l resul t i n ashif t of th e standar

d fro m"total " t

o th e "inorganic " fraction , an d re-valuatio n t o bette

r reflec t regiona l healt h risks
. Give

n thes e imminen

t changes , th e facilit

y i s bein g directe d t o ensur e tha t curren t treatmen t facilitie s ar

e bein g operated a

t the highes t

an d bes t exten t practicabl e an

d tha t the y develo p an d implemen

t a n arseni c monitorin g plan
. Thes e requirement s ar e discussed below : Discussion s wit

h the facilit

y indicat e tha t ther e ar e n o know n introduce d anthropogeni c source s used in the processe s contributin g t o th e wastewate r flow. Ther

e ar e n o federall y mandate d Technology-based

Effluent Limits fo r arseni c fo r the facility' s industria

l category . Ther

e ar e n o aquati c toxicit

y criteri afo

r tota l arseni c an d discharge s fro

mthe facilit

y ar e wel l belo

w th e aquati c toxicit

y criteri afo

r othe r form s o f arseni c (i.e. , 1 7Arseni c II I an d Arseni c V) . Th e facility i s currentl y treatin g effluen t wit h primar y clarificatio n an d a n aerate d stabilizatio n basin
. Thi s treatmen t i s mos t likel y removin g aportio n o f th e arseni c associate d wit h particulates
. Base d upo n calculation s usin g pas t monitorin g data , th e anticipate d limi t o f operationa l performanc e for th e facility i s 6 pg/L 2 o f

tota l arsenic , Fo r

th e purpose s o f

th e Departments ' arseni c interi mimplementatio n polic y an d thi s permit , th e combinatio n o f th e processe s equal s o r

exceed s th e "Bes t

Availabl e Treatment, " a s wel l a s th e requiremen t

fo r th e facility t o continu e t o operat e thes e processe s a t th e highest

and best extent practicable i n th e propose d permit
. A s aperformanc e measure , i f th e quarterl y averag e concentratio n o f tota l arseni c i s abov e 6 pg/L , th e facility wil l b e require d t o submi t areport t o th e departmen t

detailin g th e condition s tha t resulte d i n th e elevate d value
. Th e Departmen t wil l us e th e report , monitorin g informatio n an d operationa l record s t o assis t

i n th e determinatio n o f whethe r o r no t th e facilit

y wa s in complianc e wit h th e narrativ e operationa l requirements
. Th e strateg y t o addres s arseni c i n th e facility' s effluen t i s a s follows : 1 . Th e propose d permi t

include s th e requirement s (i n Schedul e D ) fo r th e facilit y t o develo p an d submi t

fo r approval , withi n 6 0 day s o f permi t issuance , a n Arseni c Monitorin g Pla n showin g ho w th e facility wil l collec t ambien t an d effluen t

dat at o identif

y th e arseni c sourc e an d speciatio n an d t o quantif y th e mas s loadin g o f

arsenic , Thi s wil l includ e propose d sampl e locations , frequency , seasonalit y dat asources , analyti c method s an d applicabl e quantificatio n limits
. 2 . Th e propose d permi t

require s tha t

th e facility begi n implementatio n o f th e approve d monitorin g plan withi n tw o week s o f

Departmenta l approval
. 3 . Afte r 2. 5 year s th e Departmen t intend s t o conduc t

a"Pre-Applicatio n Revie w Conference " wit h th e facility wit h th e purpos e o f

evaluatin g th e collecte d dat ato determin e i f ther e migh t

b e a n affirmativ e Reasonable Potentia l Analysi s (RPA ) findin g fo r th e applicabl e arseni c (total/inorganic ) criteria
. 4 . I f th e preliminar y dat aindicat e th e potentia l fo r a n affirmativ e RP A finding , th e Departmen t may reope n th e permi t

to includ e an y additiona l arseni c requirement s tha t ma y b e appropriate
. 

### 4. 5 Whol e Effluen

tToxicit y I n additio n t o analyzin g th e effluen t fo r individua l pollutants , th e effluen t i s als o teste d t o determin e it' s aggregat e effec t o n aquati c organisms
. Thes e test s ar e know n a s whol e effluen t toxicit y (WET ) tests . Effluent sample s ar e collecte d an d aquati c organism s ar e subjecte d t o variou s effluen t concentration s i

n controlle d laborator y experiments
. EP A ha s develope d WE T tes t protocol s usin g bot

h freshwate r

an d marin e an d estuarin e tes t species
. EP A recommend s runnin g test s usin g a n invertebrate , vertebrat e an d aplant
. Organism s use d i n WE T test s ar e indicator s o r

surrogate s fo r

th e aquati c communit y t o b e protected , an d ameasur e o f th e rea l biologica l impac t fro m exposur e t o th e toxi c pollutants , T o protec t wate r quality , WE T test s ar e use d in NPDE S permit s togethe r wit h requirement s base d o n chemical-specifi c wate r qualit y criteria
. WE T test s ar e use d t o determin e th e percentag e o f effluen t tha t produce s a n advers e effec t o n agrou p o f

tes t organisms
. Th e measure d effec t ma y b e fertilization , growth , reproduction , o r survival
. EPA' s methodolog y include s bot

h a n acut e tes t

an d achronic test . An acut e WE T tes t i s considere d t o sho w toxicit y i f advers e affect s occu r a t effluen t concentration s les s tha n tha t whic h i s foun d at

th e edg e o f

th e zon e o f

immediat e dilutio n (ZID) . A chronic WE T tes t

i s considere d t o sho w toxicit y i f advers e affect s occu r

a t effluent concentratio n les s tha n tha t whic h i s know n t o occu r

at th e edg e o f

th e mixin g zone .

2 The benchmar

k o f 6 pg/ L was calculated a s astatistica l estimat e o f th e performanc e limi

t o f th e treatmen t facility
. Th

e benchmar k was calculate d using historica l discharg e dat

aan d estimating the maximu

mexpected effluen

t concentration a

t th e 95 % confidence leve

l an d the 95 % probabilit

y basis
. Fo

r thi s treatmen

t system , ther

e wer e n o othe r performance-based effluen t limits , including technology , aquati c toxicit y an d pretreatment , availabl e to reflec t mor e establishe d bes t

availabl e treatmen t performanc e measures . 1 8We

t test s hav e bee

n conducted twic e pe

r yea r o n WLPC' s effluent
. N o acut e o r chroni c toxicit

y wa s show

n b y an y of th e tests . 

## 4. 6 Antidegradatio n A n Antidegradatio n Revie

w wa s performe

d fo r thi s discharge
. The permi t i s bein g renewe d withou t an y increas e i

n discharg e loadings
. Permi

t renewal s wit

h th e sam e discharg e loading s a s th e previou s permi t ar e hot considere d t

o lowe r wate r qualit y fro mth e existin g condition
. Base d o n th e antidegradatio n review , th e Departmen t determined th e propose d discharg e complie s wit h th e Antidegradatio n Polic y fo r Surfac e Water s foun

d i n OA R 340-041-002 6 (se e Appendix F) . 

### 5. 0 COMPLIANC E HISTOR Y The mos t recen t inspection of

thi s facilit y wa s mad

e o n June 10 , 2010 . The facilit y wa s foun d t o b e operating i

n complianc e wit

h it s permit
. The facilit y i s i n complianc e wit

h al l condition s i

n Schedul e C , "Complianc e Condition s an d Schedules" , of

th e 200 4 permit
. The Departmen

t issue d six warning letter s durin g th e ter mof th e curren t permi t fo r violations
. Th

e violation s ar e listed below : T a Dat e o f Violatio n 5/25/200 6 1/16/200 7 9/18/200 7 12/19/200 7 7/7/200 9 10/15/200 9 Violatio n Class *

ll/I l I I I I I I I U I bl e 11 : Permi t Violation s Descriptio n o f violatio n Therma l Load violation/Monitorin g violatio n

Pul p spil l Sum p Overflo

w Outfal l damag e Effluen t turbidit

y exceedanc

e Effluen t p H exceedanc

e *Clas s I violation

s ar e th e mos t serious ; Clas s II

I ar e th e leas t serious Du e t o th e locatio n an

d ag e o f the facility , spill s t o the rive r wer e previousl

y acommo

n occurrence . I

n recen t year s th e numbe r an d exten t of the spill s have bee

n reduced
. Notabl e effor

t ha s bee n mad e t o limi t th e possibilit

y of spillag e du e t o powe

r failur e a t th e facility
. Sinc e pump s ar e use d t o mov e wastewate

r u p th e hillsid

e fo r treatment , powe r failur e result s i n wastewate

r drainin g bac

k dow n t o th e facility' s primar

y effluen t sum p wit h potentia l t o overflow int

o th e "courtyard" , whic

h act s a s a n auxiliar y sump . Leakag e fro

mthe "courtyard " ha s bee

n th e sourc e of previou s spills
. Alon

g wit h the continuin g sealin g of th e "courtyard " proces s an d operation s modification s have bee n made t o limi t th e amoun

t of wastewate

r routed t o th e sump s durin g apowe r outage . Th e mos t

recen t significan t powe r outag e (1 6 hours ) resulte d i n ful l containmen

t o f wastewate

r wit h n o releas e to the Willamette
. Th e warnin g lette

r related t o th e damag e o f

th e outfall , whil e citin g apermit violation , note

d tha t th e damag e wa s beyon d the facility' s control
. The damage d outfal l pip e ha s bee

n fixed. Th e violation related t o th e exceedanc e of th e facility' s exces s therma

l loa d limi t ha s resulte d i

n acontinuin g effor

t b y WLP C t o minimiz e hea

t load
. The mor e recen t violation s fo

r turbidit y an d p H exceedance s bot

h appea r t o b e du e t

o aquati c growt

h in th e facility' s lagoo n (ASB) , The turbidit y wa s trace d t o the presenc e o f Cerodaphnia , awate

r flea
. Ironically , Cerodaphni agrowt

h i s usuall y a n indicator

of positiv e aquati c health
. Th e p H exceedance s appea

r t o b e du e t o alga l and/or vegetativ e growt

h i n th e lagoon , Fo

r bot h of thes e issues , th e facilit

y ha s bee n closel y watchin g indicator s an

d i s experimenting wit

h variou s operationa

l modifications
. 

### 1 9

### 6. 0 PERMI T DRAF T DISCUSSIO N 6. 1 Fac e Pag e Th e fac e page provide s informatio n abou t th e permittee , descriptio n of th e wastewater , th e outfal l location , receiving strea

minfonnation , permit

approva l authority , an

d adescriptio n o f

permitted activities , Th

e permitte e i s authorize d t o construct , install , modify , o r operat e awastewate

r collection , treatment , contro l an d disposa l system . The permi t allow s discharg e to th e Willamett e Rive r withi n limit s se

t b y Schedule A an

d th e followin

g schedules
. Al l othe r discharge s ar

e prohibited
. The previou s permit' s referenc e t o Outfal l 002 - Wate

r Treatmen t Plan t (Filte r Backwash) - ha s bee

n removed
. 

### 6. 2 Schedul e A - Wast e Discharg e Limitation s The permi t include s wast

e discharg e limitation s fo

r BOD , TSS , pH , Exces s Therma l Load , an d Turbidity
. All limitation s ar

e th e sam e a s thos e i

n the 200 4 permit , wit

h th e exceptio n o f

th e limitation s fo

r pH . The p

H limitation s hav e change

d fro m5. 0 - 9. 0 to 5. 5 - 9. 0 a s explained i n Section 4.4.4 , above
. Th e interi mturbidit y limitation s an

d th e not e relate d t o thi s limitation have als o bee n remove d fro mth e renewa

l permi t a s they ar e n o longe r applicable , A not e ha s bee n adde d t o Schedul e A explaining tha t th e Departmen

t ma y allo w fo r exceedance s o f

th e exces s therma l loa d a s provide

d b y Oregon Administrativ e Rule (OAR ) 340-041-0028(12) . Thi s "air temperatur

e exception " rul e states : " A wate r bod y tha t onl y exceed s th e criteri ase

t out i n thi s rul e whe

n th e exceedanc e i s attribute d t o daily maximu

mai r temperature s tha

t excee d the 90t h percentil e valu e of

annua l maximu mseven-da

y averag e maximu

mai r temperature s calculated usin g a t leas t 1 0 year s of

ai r temperatur

e data , wil l no t b e liste d o

n th e section 303(d) lis t

of impaired water s an

d source s will no

t b e considere d i

n violatio n o f

thi s rule. " I n additio n t o th e discharg e limitation s included i n th e 200 4 permit , th e proposed permit include s abenchmar

k fo r arseni c a s explained i

n Section 4,4.5 , above
. Als o include

d i n Schedule A ar

e description s o f

th e mixing zone an

d zone o f initia l dilution fo

r Outfal l 001 . Thes e description s ar

e the sam e a s thos e i

n th e 200 4 permit
. Referenc e t

o th e mixing zone an

d zone of initia l dilutio n fo

r Outfal l 002 hav e bee

n removed
. 

### 6. 3 Schedul e B - Minimu mMonitorin g an d Reportin g Requirement s Schedule B include s th e minimu mmonitorin g an

d reportin g requirement s fo

r th e facility
. Th

e proposed monitorin g requirement s fo

r temperatur

e an d pape r production remai

n unchange

d fro mth e 200 4 permi t an d ar e as follows :
Paramete r Fin e & Lightweigh t Pape rProductio n Unit s ADMT/da y Minimu m Frequenc y

Monthl y
Paramete r Temperatur

e (dall y maximum ) Temperatur

e (7-da y averag e o

f dail y maximums ) Exces s Therma l Loa d (Dail y Maximum ) Excess Therma l Loa d (7-da y Averag e o

f Dail y Maximums ) Minimu m Frequenc y Dail y Dail y Dail y Dail y Unit s

T
o p Kcal/da y Kcal/da y Sampl e

Typ e Calculat e Calculat e Calculat e Calculat e 2 0Th

e propose d monitorin g requirement s fo r othe r parameter s remai

n unchanged fro

mth e 200 4 permit wit h the followin g exceptions : 1 ) h i orde

r t o full y characteriz e th e effluent, requirement s hav e bee n include d t o monito

r dissolved oxyge

n an d tota l dissolved solid s fo

r th e first yea r of th e permi t 2 ) The minimu

mfrequenc

y fo r BO D an d TS S monitorin g ha s bee

n reduce d fro

m3 time s pe

r wee k t o twic e pe

r week , 3 ) The additio n of

languag e specifi c t

o th e monitorin g o f

industria l wastewate

r solids , an d 4 ) The priorit

y pollutan t sca n monitoring i s broke

n dow n betwee n metal s an

d othe r parameters , wit

h th e metal s monitorin g frequenc y se t a t onc e pe r yea r an d th e othe r parameter s require d t o b e monitored onc e evei y othe r year . The reduce d monitorin g frequenc y fo r BO D an d TS S i s considered adequat

e fo r discharg e characterizatio n an d fo r determinin g complianc e wit h th e effluen

t limits 3

. The priorit y pollutan t sca n monitorin g chang e i s base d o n th e monitoring requirement s recommende d b y a n interna l managemen

t directiv e developed b

y the Department . Th e interna l managemen

t directiv e recommende

d tha t effluen t b e characterize d b

y acertain siz e o f

dat aset (depending o

n pollutan t type). Wit

h th e proposed monitoring , th e dat ase t characterizin g WLPC' s effluen t wil l b e adequat

e to full y asses s potentia

l impact s t o the Willamett

e River
. Paramete r Flo w BOD 5 TS S Dissolve d Oxyge n Tota l Dissolve d Solid s

p H Turbidit y Temperatur e Whol e Effluen t Toxicit y Metal s (includin g tota l arsenic) , inorgani c arsenic , cyanide , tota l phenols , alkalinit y an d hardnes s Volatil e compounds , acid extractabl e compounds , an d pesticide s Outfal l conditio n Minimu m Frequenc y Dail y 2/wee k 2/wee k 2/wee k 2/wee k 3/wee k 3/wee k Dail y 2/yea r 1/yea r
Onc e Every Othe r Yea r
3 r d yea r Unit s mg d mg/ L & Ibs/da y mg/ L & Ibs/da y mg/ L mg/ L S.U
. NT U

• F N/ A pg/ L (unles s otherwis e warranted ) pg/ L (unles s otherwis e warranted ) Narrativ e Sampl e Typ e

Continuou s Recorde r 24-hou rcomposit e 24-hou rcomposit e Gra b o rContinuou s Gra b o rcomposit e Gra b o rContinuou s 24-hou rcomposit e Continuou s Recorde r 24-hou rcomposit e 24-hou rcomposit e
24-hou rcomposit e
Visua l Inspectio n Variou s note s relate d t

o monitoring ar

e included i

n the permit
. Thes e explai

n ho w sample s ar

e t o b e collecte d an

d analyzed , tha

t dissolve d oxyge

n an d tota l dissolved solid s monitoring i s onl y require d fo

r the first yea r o f th e permit , an d tha t certain toxic s monitoring o f individua l parameter s ma

y b e suspended afte

r tw o year s i

f al l dataar e non-detectabl e an

d othe r monitoring detail s (pleas e se e th e propose d permi t fo r details)
. Th e reportin g requirement s i n Schedul e B remai n unchange d fromth e 200 4 permi t wit h th e exceptio n o f certai n specific s i n th e reportin g o f non-detec t

result s an d th e additio n o f reportin g requirement s relate d t o industrial solids
.

3 Th e dail y maximu mBO D loadin g durin g th e perio d o f 1/200 6 throug h 3/201 0 wa

s 71 4 Ibs/day , fa

r belo w th e mos t stringen t permi t limi t o f 380 0 lbs/day
. Th

e dail y maximu mTS S loadin

g durin g th e perio d o f 1/200 6 throug h 3/201 0 wa

s 143 0 lbs/day , also fa r belo w th e mos t stringen t permi t limi t o f 900 0 lbs/day
. 2 1

### 6. 4 Schedul e C - Complianc e Schedule s an d Condition s

Schedule C ha s bee

n eliminated fro

mth e propose

d permit
. N

o complianc e schedule i s propose d fo r the permi t an d th e biocid e certification an

d industria l solid s managemen

t pla n requirements have bee

n move d t o Schedule D . 

### 6. 5 Schedul e D - Specia l Condition s Schedule D of

th e proposed permi t

retain s th e sam

e condition s a s th e 200

4 permi t except fo r th e following : • The condition relate d t o the Willamett

e Rive r Temperatur

e TMD L (whic h ha s bee n addressed i

n th e permit ) has bee n eliminate d • The condition relate d t o flow measuremen t (whic h i s addresse d i

n Schedul e F , Genera

l Conditions ) ha s bee n eliminated
. • The WE

T (bioassay ) tes t

languag e wa s update

d t o includ e ane w dilution serie s tha

t woul d reflec t mixing zone an d ZI D dilutions
. The WE

T languag e als o include s update d an d corrected reference s t

o guidanc e document s an

d othe r information
. • A new conditio n ha s bee n adde d requiring th e permittee t

o develo p a n Arseni c Monitoring Plan
. Thi s pla n i s required to b e implemented until notification b y th e Departmen

t tha t furthe r implementation i s unwarranted
. • A ne w condition ha s bee

n adde d requiring the permitte e t o updat e it s mixin g zone study
. • The section o

n Industria l Wastewate

r Solid s ha s bee

n updated
. The followin

g ar e the topic s addresse d i

n Schedul e D : • WE T Testin g • Spill s an

d Unplanne

d Discharge s • Environmenta

l Supervision an

d Managemen

t • Pollutio n Preventio n Progra m • Industria

l Wastewate

r Solid s • Biocid e Certification • Arseni c Managemen

t Pla n • Mixing Zon

e Stud y Updat e 

### 6. 6 Schedul e F - NPDE S Genera l Condition s Thes e condition s ar

e standar d t o al l NPDES permit s an

d includ e languag e regardin g operatio n an d maintenanc e o f facilities , monitoring an

d recor d keeping , an

d reporting requirements
. Th e Genera

l Condition s wer

e revise d in 2010 . A summar y o f th e change s i s a s follows : • Ther e ar e additiona l citation s t

o th e federa

l Clea n Wate r Ac t an d CFR , including reference s t o standard s fo

r sewag e sludg e us e o

r disposal
. • Ther e i s additiona

l languag e regarding federa

l penalties
. • Bypas s languag e ha s bee n mad e consisten t wit h th e CFR . • Overflo

w languag e ha s bee

n eliminated
. • Requirement s regardin g emergency respons e an d publi c notificatio n plan s have bee n mad e mor e explicit
. • Languag e pertainin g t o dut y t o provid e informatio

n ha s bee n mad e mor e explicit
. • Confidentialit

y of information i s addressed
. • A definition o f

CBO D ha s bee n added
.



### 2

2

### 6. 7 Permi t Processing/Publi c Comment/Appea l Proces s The beginning an

d en d dat e o f th e publi c commen

t perio d t o receiv e written comments regarding thi s permit , an d th e contac t nam e an d telephone numbe

r ar e included i

n th e publi c notic e (Se e Attachmen t G) . Th e permitte e i s the onl y perso n wit

h th e righ t t o reques t acontested cas e hearin g t o revie w th e Department' s permittin g decision
. I f th e permitte e i s dissatisfied wit h th e condition s of

th e permi t whe n issued , they ma

y reques t ahearin g befor

e th e EQ C o r it s designate d hearin g office r withi n 2 0 day s o f

th e final permi

t bein g mailed
. Th

e reques t fo r hearin g mus t

b e sen t t o th e Directo

r of the Department . An

y hearin g held will b e conducted pursuan t t o regulation s of

th e Departmen

t an d will b e befor e a n administrativ e la

w judge
. Th

e administrativ e la

w judg e will issue apropose d decisio n an

d tha t afina l decision wil l b e issue

d b y th e EQC . I

f aconteste d cas e hearin g i s held , othe r person s ma

y b e give n th e righ t to participat

e i n th e hearing
. Othe

r person s wh o ar

e adversel y affecte d o r aggrieve d b

y th e permi t decisio n ma

y have the righ

t t o judicial review unde

r OR S 183.484 .

2 3