Please do not destroy or throw away this publication. If you have no further use 

for it write to the Geological Survey at Washington and ask for a frank to return it

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Hubert Work, Secretary

U. 8. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

George Otls Smith, Director

WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 564

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE 

UNITED STATES

1923

PART IV. ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN

NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer

S. B. SOULE. A. H. HORTON. LASLEY LEE, A. W. HARBINGTON 

and C. H. PIERCE, District Engineer*

Prepared in cooperation with the States of 

WISCONSIN, OHIO, NEW YORK, and VERMONT

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1026
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Hubert Work, Secretary

U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

George Otis Smith, Director

Water-Supply Paper 564

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE 

UNITED STATES

1923

PART IV. ST. LAWRENCE RIYER BASIN

NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer

S. B. SOULE, A. H. HORTON, LASLEY LEE, A. W. HARRINGTON 

and C. H. PIERCE, District Engineers

Prepared in cooperation with the States of 

WISCONSIN, OHIO, NEW YORE, and VERMONT

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1926
ADDITIONAL COPIES

OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM

THE SUPEEINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON, D. C.

AT

25 CENTS PEE COPY
CONTENTS

Page

Authorization and scope of work____-_--___- __._ ______ _____ 1

Definition of terms_______________________------ _ _._-_-_______ 2

Explanation of data___._______._____-_-_ _____ ___ __ __ 3

Accuracy of field data and computed results. _ _- _ 4

Cooperation __ ________ ______ ___ _______ 5

Division of work_____ ___________________________ _________ 6

Gaging-station records__ ________________ _________________ __ 7

Streams tributary to Lake Superior____________ ______ __ 7

West Branch of Montreal River at Gile, Wis__ __ ______ 7

Streams tributary to Lake Michigan______________________ ____ 8

Menominee River at Twin Falls, near Iron Mountain, Mich_ _ 8

Menominee River below Koss, Mich____ ____ ______ _ 10

Pine River near Florence, Wis._______-_____-___-----__ 12

Pike River at Amberg, Wis___________________________ 14

Peshtigo River at High Falls, near Crivitz, Wis _____ 16

Ocanto River near Gillett, Wis____________________________ 18

Fox River at Berlin, Wis______-__________-_.______---_-_- 19

Fox River at Rapide Croche dam, near Wrightstown, Wis______ 21

Wolf River at Keshena, Wis________ ._ -_________ . 23

Wolf River at New London, Wis_________ _______________ 25

Embarrass River near Embarrass, Wis__ ____________________ 27

Little Wolf River at Royalton, Wis_________________ 29

Waupaca River near Waupaca, Wis____--_-_____-_----_-____- 31

Sheboygan River near Sheboygan, Wis__________________ 33

Milwaukee River near Milwaukee, Wis_____________________ 35

Little Calumet River at Harvey, 111.-.-____________________ 37

Streams tributary to Lake Huron___________________________._ 39

Tittabawassee River at Freeland, Mich_____________________ 39

Streams tributary to Lake Erie.________________________________ 40

Huron River at Barton, Mich______________________________ 40

Maumee River at Antwerp, Ohio.._________________________ 42

Maumee River at Waterville, Ohio________________-___-_____ 44

Tiffin River near Stryker, Ohio_____________________________ 46

Auglaize River near Fort Jennings, Ohio._____________________ 48

Auglaize River near Defiance, Ohio_____.__.______________ 50

Blanchard River at Glandorf, Ohio_________________---_____ 51

Miami and Erie Canal at Waterville, Ohio___________________ 53

Sandusky River near Upper Sandusky, Ohio_________ ________ 54

Sandusky River near Mexico, Ohio____ ______________________ 56

East Branch of Black River at Elyria, Ohio________________ 58

Cuyahoga River at Old Portage, Ohio_____________________ 59

Cuyahoga River at Brecksville, Ohio.______________________ 61

Cuyahoga River at Independence, Ohio__________--___-______ 62

Ohio Canal feeder at Brecksville, Ohio_____________________ 64

Ohio Canal at Independence, Ohio_________________________ 65

Grand River near Madison, Ohio_-_____-_-_____------______ 67

Conneaut Creek at Amboy, Ohio____________________________, 69

Cattaraugus Creek at Versailles, N. Y, ______________________ 71

in
IV CONTENTS

Gaging-station records Continued.

Streams tributary to Lake Ontario_____,________________________ 73

Little Tonawanda Creek at Linden, N. ¥___________________.. 73

Genesee River at Scio, N. Y_____-____________________-_____ 75

Genesee River at St. Helena, N. Y________________ 77

Genesee River at Jones Bridge, near Mount Morris, N. ¥_____ 79

Genesee River at Driving Park Avenue, Rochester, N. Y_ _.,___ 81

Canaseraga Creek near Dansville, N. Y_____________________ 83

Keshequa Creek at Craig Colony, Sonyea, N. Y._____________ 85

Conesus Creek near Lakeville, N. Y_________________________ 87

Canadice Lake outlet near Hemlock, N. ¥___________________ 89

Owasco Lake outlet near Auburn, N. Y______________________ 89

East Branch of Fish Creek at Taberg, N. Y____________ 92

Black River near Boonville, N. Y_______^___________________ 93

Black River at Watertown, N. Y______-_-__________ 95

Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. Y______________________ 97

Black River canal (flowing south) near Boonville, N. Y________ 99

Moose River at McKeever, N. Y________.______________.___ 100

Moose River at Moose River, N. Y________________. ________ 102

Middle Branch of Moose River at Old Forge, N. Y_ ________ 103

Beaver River at State dam, near Beaver River, N. Y_ _.__'_____ 105

Beaver River at Eagle Falls, near Number Four, N. Y________ 105

Streams tributary to St. Lawrence River.________________________ 109

East Branch of Oswegatchie River at Cranberry Lake, N. Y____ 109

East Branch of Oswegatchie River at Newton Falls, N. Y______ 111

Oswegatchie River near Heuvelton, N. Y_.___________________ 113

West Branch of Oswegatchie River near Harrisville, N. Y______ 115

Raquette River at Piercefield, N. Y_______-_-___-___-_---___ 117

St. Regis River at Brasher Center, N. ¥____---_---___-_--__- 119

Richelieu River at Fort Montgomery, Rouses Point, N. Y___._ 121

Lake Champlain at Burlington, Vt______-___-_______-__---__ 122

Saranac River near Plattsburg, N. Y________________________ 123

West Branch of Ausable River near Newman, N. ¥___________ 125

Ausable River at Ausable Forks, N. Y_______________________ 127

Lake George at Rogers Rock, N. Y__________________________ 129

Lake George at Glen Island, near Bolton Landing, N. Y_______ 130

Winooski River at Montpelier, Vt___________________________ 131

Mollys Brook near Marshfield, Vt___________________________ 133

Jail Branch at East Barre, Vt_______-__-_-_---_-___-___ 135

Lamoille River at Cadys Falls, Vt__-____-____-_--___-___-__- 137

Green River at Garfield, Vt______________.______ 139

Missisquoi River near Richford, Vt_________-___-_______--__ 141

Clyde River at West Derby (Newport), Vt______________ 143

Miscellaneous discharge measurements______________________________ 145

Appendix: Gaging stations and publications relating to water resources__ 147

Index ______________________________________ 169

ILLUSTRATIONS

Page 

PLATE I. A, Price current meters; B, Typical gaging station,__________ 2

II. Typical gaging stations: A, For wading measurement; B, For

bridge measurement___________________________________. 2

III. Water-stage recorders: A, Au; B, Gurley; C, Stevens_____-__ 2
SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY OF ST. LAWEENCE 

EIVEE BASIN, 1923

AUTHORIZATION AND SCOPE OF WORK

This volume is one of a series of 14 reports presenting records of 

measurements of flow made on streams in the United States during 

the year ending September 30, 1923.

The data presented in these reports were collected by the United 

States Geological Survey under the following authority contained 

in the organic law (20 Stat. L., p. 394):

Provided, That this officer [the Director] shall have the direction of the Geological Survey and the classification of public lands and examination of the 

geological structure, mineral resources, and products of the national domain.

The work was begun in 1888 in connection with special studies 

relating to irrigation in the arid West. Since the fiscal year ending 

June 30, 1895, successive sundry civil bills passed by Congress have 

carried the following item and appropriations:

For gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United States, 

and for the investigation of underground currents and artesian wells, and for the 

preparation of reports upon the best methods of utilizing the water resources.

Annual appropriations for the fiscal years ending June 30,1895-1924

1895 _______-__-__-__ __- - _ __- __$12,500.00

1896___._.______.. ._ __.____ ...._._____._. 20, 000. 00

1897 to 1900, inclusive-----------.------__________50, 000. 00

1901 to 1902, inclusive---.-. _________________.100,000.00

1903 to 1906, inclusive.-----------.-.____-___-200,000.00

1907 __________-___ ______ ___________ _--150, 000. 00

1908 to 1910, inclusive._________ .______.__100, 000. 00

1911 to 1917, inclusive.___-_________-----_150,000.00

1918 _-__________-__-___-_---__-----------------175, 000. 00

1919--_-- - ____ ______ __________-148, 244. 10

1920- - - -_-- -175, 000. 00

1921 to 1923, inclusive..--_____________-___180,000.00

1924 __-_._-----_.____-----_-_____170, 000. 00

In the execution of the work many private and State organizations 

have cooperated, either by furnishing data dr by assisting in collecting data. Acknowledgments for cooperation of the first kind are 

made in connection with the description of each station affected; 

cooperation of the second kind is acknowledged on pages 5 and 6.

1
2 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Measurements of stream flow have been made at about 5,600 

points in the United States and also at many points in Alaska and 

the Hawaiian Islands. In July, 1923, 1,590 gaging stations were 

being maintained by the Survey and the cooperating organizations. 

Many miscellaneous discharge measurements were made at other 

points. In connection with this work data were also collected in 

regard to precipitation, evaporation, storage reservoirs, river profiles, 

and water power in many sections of the country and will be made 

available in water-supply papers from time to time. Information in 

regard to publications relating to water resources is presented in the 

appendix to this report.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

The volume of water flowing in a stream the "run-off" or "discharge" is expressed in various terms, each of which has become 

associated with a certain class of work. These terms may be divided 

into two groups (1) those that represent a rate of flow, as secondfeet, gallons per minute, miners' inches, and discharge in second-feet 

per square mile, and (2) those that represent the actual quantity of 

water as run-off in inches, acre-feet, and millions of cubic feet. The 

principal terms used in this series of reports are second-feet, secondfeet per square mile, run-off in inches, and acre-feet. They may be 

defined as follows:

"Second-feet" is an abbreviation for "cubic feet per second." A 

second-foot is the rate of discharge of water flowing in a channel of 

rectangular cross section 1 foot wide and 1 foot deep at an average 

velocity of one foot per second. It is generally used as a fundamental unit from which others are computed.

"Second-feet per square mile" is the average number of cubic feet 

of water flowing per second from each square mile of area drained, 

on the assumption that the run-off is distributed uniformly both as 

regards time and area.

"Run-off in inches" is the depth to which an area would be covered if all the water flowing from it in a given period were uniformly 

distributed on the surface. It is used for comparing run-off with 

rainfall, which is usually expressed in depth in inches.

An "acre-foot," equivalent to 43,560 cubic feet, is the quantity 

required to cover an acre to the depth of 1 foot. The term is commonly used in connection with storage for irrigation.

The following terms not in common use are here defined:

"Stage-discharge relation," an abbreviation for the term "relation 

of gage height to discharge."

"Control," a term used to designate the section or sections of the 

stream channel below the gage which determine the stage-discharge
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPEE 564 PLATE 1

A. PRICE CURRENT METERS

B. TYPICAL GAGING STATION
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 564 PLATE 2

B

TYPICAL GAGING STATIONS 

A, For wading measurement; -B, for bridge measurement
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 564 PLATE 3

WATER-STAGE RECORDERS 

A, Aa; B, Gurley; C, Stevens
EXPLANATION OF DATA 3

relation at the gage. It should be noted that the control may not 

be the same section or sections at all stages.

The "point of zero flow" for a gaging station is that point on the 

gage the gage height at which water ceases to flow over the 

control.

EXPLANATION OF DATA

The data presented in this report cover the year beginning October 

1, 1922, and ending September 30, 1923. At the beginning of January in most parts of the United States much of the precipitation 

in the preceding three months is stored as ground water, in the form 

of snow or ice, or in ponds, lakes, and swamps, and this stored water 

passes off in the streams during the spring break-up. At the end of 

September, on the pther hand, the only stored water available for 

run-off is possibly a small quantity in the ground; therefore the runoff for the year beginning October 1 is practically all derived from 

precipitation within that year.

The base data collected at gaging stations consist of records of 

stage, measurements of discharge, and general information used to 

supplement the gage heights and discharge measurements in determining the daily flow. The records of stage are obtained either from 

direct readings on a staff or chain gage or from water-stage recorder 

that gives a continuous record of the fluctuations. Measurements of 

discharge are made with a current meter. (See Pis. I-III.) The 

general methods are outlined in standard textbooks on the measurement of river discharge.

From the discharge measurements rating tables are prepared that 

give the discharge for any stage. The application of the daily gage 

heights to these rating tables gives the daily discharge from which 

the monthly and yearly mean discharge is computed.

The data presented for each gaging station in the area covered by 

this report comprise a description of the station, a table giving 

records of discharge measurements, a table showing the daily discharge of the stream, and a table of monthly and yearly discharge 

and run-off.

If the base data are insufficient to determine the daily discharge, 

tables giving daily gage height and records of discharge measure-r 

ments are published.

The description of the station gives, in addition to statements 

regarding location and equipment, information in regard to any 

conditions that may effect the permanence of the stage-discharge 

relation, covering such subjects as the occurrence of ice, the use of 

the stream for log driving, shifting of control, and the cause and 

effect of backwater; it gives also information as to diversions that 

decrease the flow at the gage, artificial regulation, maximum and 

minimum recorded stages, and the accuracy of the records.
4 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

The table of daily discharge gives, in general, the discharge in 

second-feet corresponding to the mean of the gage heights read each 

day. At stations on streams subject to sudden or rapid diurnal 

fluctuations the discharge obtained from the rating table and the 

mean daily gage height may not be the true mean discharge for the 

day. If such stations are equipped with water-stage recorders, the 

mean daily discharge may be obtained by averaging discharge at 

regular intervals during the day or by using the discharge integrator, 

an instrument operating on the principle of the planimeter and containing as an essential element the rating curve of the station.

In the table of monthly discharge the column headed "Maximum" 

gives the mean flow for the day when the mean gage height was 

highest. As the gage height is the mean for the day it does not 

indicate correctly the stage when the water surface was at crest 

height and the corresponding discharge was consequently larger than 

given in the maximum column. Likewise, in the column headed 

" Minimum " the quantity given is the mean flow for the day when the 

mean gage height was lowest. The column headed "Mean" is the 

average flow in cubic feet per second during the month. On this 

average flow computations recorded in the remaining columns, 

which are defined on page 2, are based.

ACCURACY OF FIELD DATA AND COMPUTED RESULTS

The accuracy of stream-flow data depends primarily (1) on the 

permanency of the stage-discharge relation and (2) on the accuracy 

of observation of stage, measurements of flow, and interpretation of 

records.

A paragraph in the description of the station gives information 

regarding the (1) permanence of the stage-discharge relation, (2) 

precision with which the discharge rating curve is defined, (3) refinement of gage readings, (4) frequency of gage readings, and (5) methods 

of applying daily gage height to the rating table to obtain the daily 

discharge.

For the rating tables "well defined" indicates, in general, that the 

rating is probably accurate within 5 per cent; "fairly well defined," 

within 10 per cent; "poorly defined," within 15 to 25 per cent. 

These notes are very general and are based on the plotting of the 

individual measurements with reference to the mean rating curve.

The monthly means for any station may represent with high 

accuracy the quality of water flowing past the gage, but the figures 

showing discharge per square mile and run-off in inches may be 

subject to gross errors caused by the inclusion of large noncontributing districts in the measured drainage area, by lack of information 

concerning water diverted for irrigation or other use, or by inability 

to interpret the effect of artificial regulation of the flow of the river
COOPERATION 5

above the station. "Second-feet per square mile" and "run-off in 

inches" are therefore not computed if such errors appear probable. 

The computations are also omitted for stations on streams draining 

areas in which the annual rainfall is less than 20 inches. All figures 

representing "second-feet per square mile" and "run-off in inches" 

published in the earlier reports by the Survey, should be used with 

caution because of possible inherent sources of error not known to 

the Survey.

Many gaging stations on streams in the irrigated areas of the United 

States are situated above most of the diversions from those streams, 

and the discharge recorded does not show the water supply available 

for further development, as prior appropriations below the stations 

must first be satisfied. To give an idea of the amount of prior appropriations, a paragraph on diversions is presented in each station 

description. The figures given can not be considered exact but 

represent the best information available.

The tables of monthly discharge give only a general idea of the 

flow at the station and should not be used for other than preliminary 

estimates; the tables of daily discharge allow more detailed studies 

of the variation in flow. It should be borne in mind, however, that 

the observations in each succeeding year may be expected to throw 

new light on data previously published.

COOPERATION

The work in Wisconsin during the year ending September 30, 

1923, was done in cooperation with the Railroad Commission of 

Wisconsin, C. M. Larson, chief engineer. The United States Engineer Corps cooperated in maintaining the stations on Fox River at 

Berlin and at Rapide Croche Dam and on Wolf River at New 

London.

The station on Little Calumet River at Harvey, 111., was maintained in cooperation with the Illinois Department of Public Works 

and Buildings, Division of Waterways, W. L. Sackett, superintendent; gage reader paid by the Sanitary District of Chicago.

The work in Ohio was done in cooperation with the Ohio Cooperative Topographic Survey, C. E. Sherman, inspector.

The work in New York was carried on in cooperation with the 

State of New York, Frank M. Williams, State engineer and surveyor, 

prior to January 1, 1923, and Dwight B. La Du, State engineer and 

surveyor, after that date. The following organizations cooperated 

at certain other tations: Rochester Gas & Electric Corporation 

(Genesee River at Driving Park Avenue, Rochester, N. Y.); the 

city of Rochester (Conesus Creek near Lakeville, N. Y., and Canadice Lake outlet near Hemlock, N. Y.); Utica Gas & Electric Co. 

(East Branch of Fish Creek at Taberg, N. Y.); Black River Regu72038 26f W8P 564 2
6 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

lating District (Black River at Watertown, N. Y., and Moose River 

at McKeever, N. .Y.); Beaver River Power Corporation and Northern New York Utilities (Inc.) (Beaver River at Eagle Falls, near 

Number Four, N. Y.); the Commission for the Improvement of 

Oswegatchie River (East Branch of Oswegatchie River at Cranberry 

Lake, N. Y.); International Paper Co. (Raquette River at Piercefield, N. Y., and Lake George at Rogers Rock, N. Y.); New York & 

Pennsylvania Co. (Bouquet River at Willsboro, N. Y.); Plattsburg 

Gas & Electric Co.( Saranac River near Plattsburg, N. Y.).

The work in Vermont was carried on in cooperation with the State, 

the cooperating official being George A. Reed, State engineer. The 

following organizations and individuals cooperated in maintaining 

one or more gaging stations: Montpelier & Barre Light & Power Co. 

(Mollys Brook near Marshfield and Jail Branch at East Barre) ; 

Charles T. Middlebrook (Green River at Garfield); and Newport Electric Light Co. (Clyde River at West Derby).

DIVISION OF WORK

Data for stations in the Lake Superior and Lake Michigan drainage basins in Wisconsin and Michigan were collected and prepared 

for publication under the direction of S. B. Soule*, district engineer, 

assisted by E. E. Foster and J. H. Olson.

Data for the station in-Illinois were collected and prepared for 

publication by H. E. Grosbach, district engineer.

Data for stations on Huron River at Barton, Mich., and Tittabawassee River at Freeland, Mich., were prepared for publication 

by A. H. Horton, district engineer, assisted by W. C. Wiggins.

Data for stations in Ohio were collected and prepared for publication under the direction of Lasley Lee, district engineer, assisted by 

E. E. R. Dornbach, V. B. Lamoureux, F. R. Morgan, W. W. Perrin, 

W. A. Werner, and L. L. Dickson.

Data for stations in New York were collected and prepared for 

publication under the direction of A. W. Harrington, district engineer, assisted by E. B. Shupe, J. L. Lamson, B. F. Howe, A. E. 

Johnson, and Agnes D. Buchanan.

Data for stations in Vermont were collected and prepared for 

publication under the direction of C. H. Pierce, district engineer, 

assisted by W. E. Armstrong, L. H. McCarthy, H. F. Hill, jr., and 

E. W. Downs.

The manuscript was assembled and reviewed by O. D. Mussey.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE SUPERIOR I

GAGING-8TATION RECORDS

STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE SUPERIOR

WEST BRANCH OF MONTREAL RIVER AT GHE, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 27, T. 46 N., R. 2 E., 800 feet upstream from highway bridge 

at Gile, Iron County, 2^ miles southwest of Hurley, Wis., and 4 miles upstream from junction of east and west branches.

DRAINAGE AREA. About 78 square miles 1 (measured on map of Wisconsin Soil 

Survey; scale, 1 inch=3 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 26, 1918, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Sloping gage bolted to rock ledge on left bank of river a few hundred 

feet upstream from pump house of Ottawa Mine; read by Carl Lang.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of highway bridge 

800 feet below gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Control formed by permanent rock ledge across narrow 

section of stream about 15 feet downstream from gage. Fall at control 

about 4 feet.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 7.20 feet April 

21 (discharge, 1,480 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.60 feet October 10 and 

11 (discharge, 5.4 second-feet).

1918-1923: Maximum stage recorded, that of April 21, 1923; minimum 

stage, 1.32 feet July 23, 1918, and September 7, 1921 (discharge, about 2.4 

second-feet).

RE GUL ATION . N one.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent; not seriously affected by ice. 

Rating curve used well denned below 710 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying gage height to 

rating table. On dates when gage was not read (generally only Sundays) 

discharge was interpolated and is subject to small errors. Records good.

Discharge measurements of West Branch of Montreal River at Gile, Wis., during 

the year ending September 30, 1923

[Made by E. E. Foster]

Date

Oct. 21........... _ _._ _ _ ..... . -... . .. __

July 20 __ ..-.. ....-. ... ..- .. ...-... - .....--. 

Gage 

height

Feel 

1.82

2.70

Dis* 

charge

Sec.-ft. 

9.3

42

'Supersedes figure published in previoas reports
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Montreal River at Gile, Wis., 

for the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1. __ . .....

2- . ......

3 _ ... ...

4............

5.. ___ .. ...

6. ...... '..

7 .........

8.. .......

9. __ .. ..

JO.. .......

11. 

12...... ...

13- 

14.. __ ......

15 

16. . 

17 . 

18 ... .. 

19 

20 ...

22 

23 

24 ...

25 

26............

27 ....

28 

29 

30 .. ... ...

31 . 

Oct.

7.8

9.4

9.4

8.3

7.2

7.2

6.3

6.3

6.3

5.4

K A

7.2

6.3

5.4

6.3

7.2

8.3

8.3 

9.4

9.4

11.0

13.0

15.0

20

1O

20

18

18

17

16

15

Nov.

14

14

14

14

16

17

10

23

OR

01

36

OQ

42

36

34

36

38 

37

36

36

45

42

42

42

40

38

38

30

45

Dec.

60

66

58

Kft

34

26

26

oo

99

20

1ft

16

16

15

14

1 °.

12 

10

9.4

9.4

9 Q

10

10

10

10

9.9

9.7

9.4

9.4

9.1

Jan.

8 Q

8

C

ft 3

8

1

7.6

7.4

7 9.

7.2

7 2

7 2

7.0

7.0

7.0

7

0

7 6

8.1

9.0

8.5

8.1

8.1

8.1

8.3

8.3

8.1

8.1

8.3

8.3

8.3

8.1

7 Q

Feb.

7 Q

8

1

7 Q

8 A

8

1

8

0

8.1

8.1

8

1

8

1

7 S

7.4

7.2

7.0

7.0

6.8

6.8 

6.7

6.7

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.3

6.3

6.3

6.1

5.9

Mar.

6.1

6.7

7.0

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.2

7.2

7.0

7.0

7.1 

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.2

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

7.0

Apr.

7.1

7.2

7.4

7.6

7 0

7 9

& i

8.6

9 9

12

24

34

4S

55

115

135 

250

1,130

1 480

985

490

415

385

335

310

290

261

232

May

214

198

184

170

1 5ft

1 l-o

1 5S

1S4

1S1

184

184

184

1S4

184

158

135

130

125 

125

130

335

125

110

92

76

6Q

56

52

48

40

32

June

30

OQ

31

34

45

60

QO

110

125

130

10E

105

87

63

52

42

36

30 

28

32

158

310

290

237

184

170

170

125

83

66

July

CO

52

50

76

250

OQO

290

250

214

214

170

145

120

87

63 

48

40

36

39

42

96

79

66

48

40

46

52

48

Aug.

00

34

QI

26

99

10

15

14

1°.

11

14

21

28

24

20

15

15

14 

21

28

36

32

28

22

18

16

15

14

14

12

9.4

Sept.

12

26

34

00

26

00

21

20

10

17

16

15

14

13

12

12 

14

14

14

15

14

14

15

13

10

9.5*

9.4

11

NOTE. Gage not read Sundays; discharge interpolated.

Monthly discharge of West Branch at Montreal River at Gile, Wis., for the year ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 78 square miles]

Month

October. ___ . __ . __ __ ___ . __

November ___ . _____ . __ __ . . .....

February .. __ __ . ______ __ .... ...

April....... . ..... ........................

May. .........................,..........

July........... ........ . ......... .......

August ____ . __ ... _ __ .... __ ___

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

20 

45 

66 

9.0 

8.3 

7.2 

1,480 

214 

310 

335 

38 

34

1,480

Minimum

5.4 

14.0 

9.1 

7.0 

5.9 

6.1 

7.1 

32 

28 

36 

9.4 

9.4

5.4

Mean

10.6 

32.1 

20.6 

7.92 

7.20 

7.08 

237 

134 

103 

114 

20.6 

16.4

59.2

Per square 

mile

0.136 

.412 

.264 

.102 

.0924 

.0905 

3.04 

1.72 

1.32 

1.46 

.264 

.210

.759

Run-off 

in inches

0.16 

.46 

.30 

.12 

.10 

.10 

3.39 

1.98 

1.47 

1.68 

.30 

.23

10.29

STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN

MENOMINEE BIVEE AT TWIN FAILS, NEAR IKON MOUNTAIN, MICH.

LOCATION. In sec. 12, T. 40 N., R. 31 W., at power plant of Peninsular Power 

Co., 3£ miles north of city of Iron Mountain, Mich. Pine River enters from 

right 3 miles below station.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 9

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,790 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 1, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGES. Staff and float gages used to determine effective head on water wheels.

DISCHARGE. The daily discharge was computed from hourly determinations of 

the flow through the turbines computed from a record of the number of 

wheels in operation, the kilowatt output, and the effective head. To the 

average flow through the turbines is added the water passing over the spillway, through the gates, down the log sluice, and leakage through the idle 

wheels and through the dam.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge recorded during the 

year, 10,000 second-feet April 23; minimum mean daily discharge, 618 secondfeet August 23.

1914-1923: Maximum mean daily discharge recorded, 16,700 second-feet 

April 23 and 24, 1916; minimum mean daily discharge, 274 second-feet 

August 10,1919.

REGULATION. Besides the regulation at this power plant, the flow is subject to 

the regulation of a power plant on Brule River about 5 miles above this point, 

owned by the same company. Owing to variations in demand, the daily discharge bears no relation to the natural flow, but the mean monthly discharge 

probably corresponds closely to the natural flow.

ACCURACY. Discharge records published in the following tables were obtained 

by adding 10 per cent to discharge as computed from power-plant records. 

This correction is based upon the results of five current-meter measurements 

made in 1919 and 1922 by the United States Geological Survey at a point 

about 1 mile downstream from power plant.

COOPERATION. Daily-discharge records furnished by Mead and Seastone, consulting engineers, Madison, Wis.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Menom-inee River at Twin Falls, near Iron 

Mountain, Mick., for the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1. .... __ .

2 ___

3. .. __

4.. .. ....

6-. _ .. ___ .

8......... __

9... ....

10... ...... .

11 ___ . ......

12 ________

13 __ ..... ....

14. .........

15. _ .........

16. ___ . _ ...

17 __ .........

18. ___ .. _ .

19..-. . _ -

20 _ . _ .. ....

21.... .........

22 __ . __ . ...

23. _ .. _ ....

24. ___ ......

25 _____ .. ...

26 _____ .....

27. .. 

28-.... .. 

29 _____

30 

31...... ....

Oct.

1,020

1,040

943

1,050

1,070

962

932

895

824

796

764

850

949

952

1,010

965

896

778

864

901

910

954

923

1,040

1,040

1,070

965

966

1,020

980

937

Nov.

937

806

917

991

QflO

922

960

932

938

1,020

1,180

847

1,100

1,150

1,600

1,410

1,520

1,600

1,280

2,040

1,870

1,370

1,300

1,340

946

820

1,170

1,110

5,270

1,140

Dec.

1,310

1,320

823

1,220

1,030

1,080

1,180

958

1,040

1,020

947

952

874

904

931

970

1,040

969

954

890

895

866

864

739

774

981

956

773

732

815

1,020

Jan.

988

942

880

902

884

925

965

953

908

967

1,010

940

956

949

837

806

785

774

707

729

757

763

749

873

970

865

759

692

688

749

755

Feb.

771

805

915

912

967

927

938

996

981

927

732

768

783

767

682

631

639

735

708

619

671

664

676

697

689

893

825

790

Mar.

780

861

906

1,170

972

956

824 744'

725

713

696

860

795

844

896

917

902

780

736

752

867

1,040

902

892

723

866

867

870

876

806

928

Apr.

726

845

887

772

770

666

660

896

729

691

864

893

1,030

768

740

798

866

1,240

1,040

2,350

5,000

7,940

10,000

9,170

7,150

7,740

7, 130

6,460

6,310

5,940

May

5,000

5,300

5,170

4,650

4 ^fifl

4,500

4,230

3,450

3,220

2,880

2,450

2,080

2,940

2,690

2,290

2,460

2,470

1,870

1,370

1,960

2,400

2,420

2,120

1,480

1,820

1,260

1,160

1,160

1,216

1,390

1,340

June

1,220

1,160

904

1,260

1,180

1,960

2,960

3,760

3,490

2,500

2,700

2.460

1,860

1,570

1,530

1,560

1,120

1,280

1,270

1,420

2,310

1,710

2,830

1,610

2,720

2,420

1,450

1,130

1,439

July

1,200

1,230

1,330

974

1,030

1,110

1,230

1,980

2,180

3,000

3,050

2,420

2,170

2,060

1,410

1,470

1,320

1,150

1,130

1,160

1,100

745

1,080

1,270

1,250

1,160

1,160

1,130

849

1,160

1,050

Aug.

1,020

1,130

1 060

1,160

i fun

989

1,100

1,000

992

957

846

746

720

685

688

674

683

691

635

630

632

632

618

705

773

712

672

718

842

870

763

Sept.

a 5n

705

647 i n^n

i i ^n

987

1,150

957

998

1,070

1,140

1,170

1,150

1,130

932

1,110

1,110

1,040

1,020

1,060

949

1,100

968

1,000

1,030

1,060

908

817

971
10 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Monthly discharge of Menominee River at Twin Falls, near Iron Mountain, Mich., 

for the year ending September SO, 1928

[Drainage area, 1,790 square miles]

Month

February __ . ________ _________

April.. .. .. ... ......................

July . . - . ...-..-.....-..

September ________ ___ ________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,070 

2,040 

1,320 

1,010 

996 

1,170 

10,000 

5,300 

3,760 

3,050 

1,160 

1,170

10,000

Minimum

764 

806 

732 

688 

619 

696 

660 

1,160 

904 

745 

618 

647

618

Mean

944 

1,180 

962 

852 

790 

854 

3,040 

2,680 

1,880 

1,440 

819 

1,010

1,370

Per square 

mfle

0.527 

.659 

.537 

.476 

.441 

.477 

1.70 

1.50 

1.05 

.804 

.458 

.564

.765

Bun-off 

in inches

0.61 

.74 

.62 

.55 

.46 

.55 

1.90 

1.73 

1.17 

.93 

.53 

.63

10.42

MEWOMINEE RIVER BELOW KOSS, MICE.

LOCATION. In sec. 9, T. 34 N., R. 27 W., at power plant of Menominee & Marinette Light & Traction Co., 4 miles below Koss, Marinette County, Mich., 

and 3 miles west of Ingalls, Mich. Little Cedar River, draining an area 

entirely in Michigan, enters from left half a mile below station.

DKAINAQE AREA. 3,790 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 1, 1913, to September 30, 1923.

DISCHARGE. Daily discharge was computed from hourly determinations of the 

flow through the turbines (from kilowatt output and effective head) plus 

discharge through the gates and over the spillway. No account was taken 

of the water passing through the exciter turbine, nor waste over the "trash 

gate " at the power house. This amount was, however, relatively small.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge during year, 18,700 

second-feet April 23; minimum mean daily discharge, 938 second-feet August 20.

1913-1923: Maximum mean daily discharge recorded, 23,200 second-feet 

April 23 and 25, 1916; minimum mean daily discharge, 926 second-feet 

November 24, 1922.

REGULATION. Above the station are the following power plants: Sturgeon Falls, 

owned by Pennsylvania Iron Mining Co., 50 miles; Little Quinnesec, owned 

by Kimberly Clark, 57 miles; Upper Quinnesec, owned by Oliver Iron 

Mining Co., 62 miles; Twin Falls, owned by Peninsular Power 

Co. With the exception of the Kimberly Clark dam at Little Quinnesec, 

the dams furnish power for utility and mining uses, so that the flow past 

the dams is compartively uniform. The Kimberly Clark dam is used for 

paper mills and regulates the flow on Sundays and holidays. The effect of 

this regulation generally is felt at the station on Tuesdays. The monthly 

flow probably represents the natural flow.

ACCURACY. A discharge measurement was made September 12, 1922, at highway bridge about 4 miles below station which checks the discharge as computed from the power-plant records within 4 per cent. See Water-Supply 

Paper 524 for statement regarding earlier measurements. Records good.

COOPERATION. Daily discharge records furnished by Edward Daniell, general 

manager of the Menominee & Marinette Light & Traction Co.
STREAMS TBIBTJTABY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 11

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Menominee River below Koss, Mich., for the year 

ending September SO, 1928

Day

1 ______

2. _____ .

3. __ ...

5.. _____

6.. .........

7 __ .-

8. ___ -

9.- .. __

10 

11 __ . _ ...

12.. ...... 

13.. .........

14 __ . .....

15.. .........

16 ___ .. _ .

17- .........

18 .....

19. _ . 

20 

21. _____ .

22.... ___ .

23 .- 

24. .......

25. ___ - ...

26 __ . ......

27- _ - ....

28. _ ......

29 

30... ...

31 __ . ......

Oct.

1,770

1,710

1 860

1,830

1,810

1,770

1 790

1, 850

1,470

1,590

1,690

1,560

1,300

1,620

1,560

1,700

1,770

1,630

1,540

1,720

1,530

1,860

1,780

1,820

1,880

1,740

1,840

1,520

Nov.

1,890

1,780

1,760

1,760

1,770

1,640

1,820

1,790

2

ACA

O AKA

2,110

1,900

2,040

2,260

O KA(\

2 700

2,420

2,760

3,360

O CAA

9 PLSft

2,680

2,330

1,890

1,790

2,140

2,450

Dec.

2,510

2,420

1,980

2,050

1,540

1,750

1 7Qft

1,900

1,970

1,810

1,820

1.540

1^440

1,560

1,280

1 600

1,400

1,710

1,630

i ^dft

1,380

1,480

1,540

1,380

1,590

1,660

1,550

Jan.

i 4ftn

1,420

1,640

1 74ft

1,660

1,740

1,400

1,530

1,460

1,780

1,680

1,670

1,570

1,380

1,660

1,480

1,700

1 640

1,470

1,490

1,190

1 ^f^ft

1 ^I4ft

1,400

1,530

1,360

1,590

1,400

1,670

Feb.

1,460

1,380

1,630

1,340

1,340

1,330

1,610

1 fiflft

1,490

1,560

1,410

1,420

1,160

1,180

1 1 ^ft

1,310

995

1,330

1,170

1,160

1,100

1,180

1,230

1 3Qft

Mar.

i Pifift

1,530

1,450

1,270

1,420

1 30ft.

1,660

1,710

1,610

1 R9ft

1,100

1 AQ(\

1,400

1,480

1,610

1,660

1,610

1,460

1,570

1,480

1,640

1,400

1,520

1,420

1,640

1,500

1,590

1,700

1,620

Apr.

1 9fift

1,510

1,460

1,570

1,710

1,660

1,130

1,570

1,410

1,680

1,680

1,700

1,930

2,480

2,560

9 <JOA

3

Q7A

5,840

7,330

13,500

17,100

18, 700

18,200

18,200

17,300

15,700

14, 700

14,300

12,800

May

 to oAn

Q 7fiO

10,200

c 7nn

8,870

7,620

7,640

7,600

6,540

6,190

C 9QA

3,690

4,240

5,420

4,980

4,350

4,710

4,680

4,490

4,430

5,800

5,920

5,500

4,920

4,070

4,060

3,320

2,660

2,710

2,760

June

o 01 A

2,380

2,340

2,710

9 Hdfl

3,330

4 380

6^710

8,470

10,100

9,400

7 880

6,380

4,760

4,440

4 240

3,450

3,370

3,320

3,340

3,460

4,060

4,530

4,690

3,680

4,140

3,760

2,900

2,550

July

O 4QA

9 fi4ft

2,290

1,860

O OQA

2

VA(\

9 S4ft

O 7QA

3,060

4,050

3,900

A CMft

4,720

3,920

3,840

3,640

O AQf\

3,170

3,200

2,120

2,660

2,180

2,680

2,410

2,550

2,730

2,560

2,620

2,350

2,150

2,050

Aug.

O OKft

2,120

1,880

2,010

1,720

9 O&ft

2,000

2 000

1,720

1,770

1,450

1,710

1,550

1,520

1,460

1,400

1,380

938

1,170

1,160

1,240

1,410

1,330

1,280

1,160

995

1,160

1,190

1,450

Sept.

1,600

1,980

1,680

1,720

1,840

2,440

1,750

2,440

1,850

2,120

1,570

1,500

2,140

1,810

2 180

1,780

1,920

2,010

2,050

1,920

1,930

1,980

1,670

1,780

1,780

1,750

1,790

1,520

Monthly discharge of Menominee River below Koss, Mich., for the year ending

September SO, 1928

[Drainage area, 3,790 square miles]

Month

July ... .. .. 

August __ . ______ . ____ . __ . ....

The year ________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,880 

3,360 

2,510 

1,780 

1,640 

1,710 

18,700 

12,300 

10,100 

4,840 

2,250 

2,440

18,700

Minimum

1,300 

1,640 

1,280 

1,190 

995 

1,100 

1,130 

2,660 

2,340 

1,860 

938 

1,440

938

Mean

1,700 

2,190 

1,680 

1,530 

1,350 

1.520 

6,930 

5,820 

4,520 

2,920 

1,510 

1,880

2,800

Per square 

mfle

0.449 

.578 

.443 

.404 

.356 

.401 

1.83 

1.54 

1.19 

.770 

.398 

.496

.739

Run-oft 

in inches

0.52 

.64 

.51 

.47 

.37 

.46 

2.04 

1.78 

1.33 

.8& 

.46 

.55

10.02
12 SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

PINE RIVER NEAR FLORENCE, WIS.

LOCATION. In sees. 23 and 26, T. 39 N., R. 17 E., at highway bridge 8 miles 

southwest of Florence, Florence County, and 12 miles above mouth of river. 

Popple River enters from right 200 feet above station.

DRAINAGE AEEA. 488 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 22, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to guardrail on upstream side of bridge; read by 

WUliam Taft.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Coarse gravel and stones; left bank high and not subject to overflow; extremely high water may overflow right bank around 

approach to bridge.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge recorded during 

year, 2,220 second-feet, April 23; minimum mean daily discharge, 112 

second-feet, March 31. Both maximum and minimum occurred during the 

period when discharge was based on power-house records and were partly 

the result of regulation.

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 9.25 feet at noon April 23, 1916 

(discharge, approximately4,520 second-feet); minimum discharge, that of 

March 31, 1923.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. None except during period December 1 to April 27, for which 

period discharge is based on records of power plant about 3 miles below 

station and is affected by loss and gain in storage in the service reservoir at 

that plant.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined 

between 144 and 1,710 second-feet. Gage read to half-tenths once daily. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table 

except for period December 1 to April 27, when no gage heights were available and the greater part of the period the stage-discharge relation was 

affected by ice. For this period the records are based on power-house 

records and are fair. For the remainder of the year, the records are good.

The following discharge measurement was made by E. E. Foster: 

July 28, 1923: Gage height, 1.96 feet; discharge, 298 second-feet.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 13

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Pine River near Florence, Wis., for the year

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 ___ . _ . ...

2 _. .... .

3 . 

4....... .......

5 ..............

6.... ....... ...

7... __ .... ...

8 _ . ....

9 

10 ...... ......

11 _ . ..........

12 _ .... __ ...

13 ... ........

14....... _ ....

15 ........ ...

16 ___ ........

17. . _ ......

18.. _ .........

19...... . ....

20... ...........

21 __ . _ ...

22... _____ ...

23 ____ . ...

24 ...........

25 ...-. 

26......... ....

27 ___ ..... ...

28.. _ .. ...

29 __ . _ . .....

30 _____ - .

si

Oct.

204

204

182

182

172

162

162

162

162

172

172

182

182

182

182

182

193

204

204

215

215

215

204

204

204

204

204

204

204

204

Nov.

1Q**

193

182

193

204

204

215

226

226

238

250

250

250

262

262

274

274

298

298

298

324

338

315

274

238

261

272

273

272

Dec.

979

272

999

250

275

255

236

233

234

168

238

253

220

218

216

210

176

193

185

170

173

174

195

166

194

196

213

221

218

221

193

Jan.

91 1

221

218

203

218

203

170

202

202

202

199

204

199

186

199

199

207

201

185

198

146

211

234

191

201

191

199

166

204

225

214

Feb.

209

209

209

206

202

193

182

182

182

182

166

194

187

177

160

160

139

151

186

173

140

142

136

149

175

133

133

217

Mar.

190

1OO

201

142

173

991

136

228

201 ion

145

191

147

176

209

145

148

182

181

173

153

122

196

194

156

148

159

112

Apr.

9ft4

198

1 *\d

174

173

944

227

173

237

216

155

161

234

254

258

265

270

272

462

1,310

1,510

2,190

2,220

2,180

1,990

1,880

1,840

1,510

1,460

1,410

May

1,410

1.410

1,360 i sflft

i <wn

1,260

1,220

1,120

990

945

900

815

815

780

780

746

746

746

746

815

815

815

746

678

610

576

542

508

476

476

444

June

412

397

352

352

412

576

945

1,760

1,760

1,660

1,560

1,460

1,410

1,310

1,170

990

945

815

815

855

1,040

1,040

990

990

945

900

900

855

780

712

July

678

644

610

576

508

444

382

382

382

444

476

508

542

542

508

508

476

444

412

397

352

352

382

412

412

298

298

286

286

274

262

Aug.

262

262

262

250

238

238

226

215

215

215

204

193

193

193

193

193

193

215

215

215

226

226

215

215

215

215

204

204

193

193

204

Sept.

226

226

215

215

238

311

367

367

367

338

311

286

262

250

238

238

238

250

250

262

262

238

226

215

204

193

193

193

182

Monthly discharge of Pine River near Florence, Wis., for the year ending September

30, 1923

[Drainage area, 488 square miles]

Month

February _____________ . __ . . ......

April. _________________ _____

July _ __._ ._ 

September... __ __ .. _________

The year ..... _ . ___ .. __ . _ . ....

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

215 

338 

275 

234 

217 

228 

2.220 

1,410 

1,760 

678 

262 

367

2,220

Minimum

162 

182 

166 

146 

133 

112 

151 

444 

352 

262 

193 

182

112

Mean

191 

251 

215 

200 

174 

171 

794 

871 

970 

435 

216 

253

395

Per square 

mile

0.391

.514 

.441 

.410 

.357 

.350 

1.63 

1.78 

1.99 

.891 

.443 

.518

.809

Run-off in 

inches

0.45 

.57 

.51 

.47 

.37 

.40 

1.82 

2.05 

2.22 

1.03 

.51 

.58

10.98
14 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

PIKE RIVER AT AMBERG, WIS. 

i

LOCATION. In sec. 15, T. 35 N., R. 21 E., at Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul 

Railway bridge half a mile south of Amberg, Marinette County, 1 mile below 

junction of two branches of the Pike River, and 11 miles above mouth.,

DRAINAGE AREA. 240 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 26, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to guardrail on upstream side of bridge; read by 

Frank Bunce.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a highway bridge a quarter of a mile 

downstream from the bridge to which the gage is attached or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Solid rock and some loose granite boulders; channel 

permanent but very rough at gage. Banks medium high; not subject to 

overflow.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.04 feet at 

7.45 a. m. April 21 (discharge, 1,870 second-feet); minimum mean daily 

discharge, 90 second-feet January 30 (stage-discharge relation affected by 

ice).

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 7.68 feet at 5 p. m. April 10, 1922 

(discharge, 2,730 second-feet); minimum mean daily discharge, 65 secondfeet January 27, 1922 (stage-discharge relation affected by ice).

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except when affected by ice. 

Rating curve well defined between 120 and 1,120 second-feet. Gage read 

to quarter-tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

daily gage height to rating curve, except when stage-discharge relation was 

affected by ice, for which period it was ascertained by applying to the rating table daily gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of discharge 

measurements, observer's notes, and weather records. Open-water records 

good except during high stages a few days in April, for which they are fair; 

winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Pike River at Amberg, Wis., during the year ending

September 80, 1923

Date

Oct. 19

Jan. 16

Made by 

J. H. Olson ___ . ....

Gage 

height

Feet 

1 91

"2.05

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

170

130

Date

Feb. 26

July 24

Made by- Gage 

height

Feet 

«2.40

1.83

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

160

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 15

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Pike River at Amberg, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

Day

1 _ . .......

2 ..............

3. ... . .........

4 __ .... ......

5. .............

6 ____ .. __ .

7 __ . _ . --

8 ____ .. ....

9..............

10..... _ ...

11 ___ ......

12 __ . _ . .....

13 _ . .......

14. .............

15 _____ .. ....

16 _____ .. ....

17....... ....

18 . .......

19 _ .. .........

20 _ ........

21. ___ .. ...

22. _ . ....

23. _ ...... _ .

24. __ ...... ...

25... ___ ......

26..... _ ......

27. ____ ......

28 

29... ...........

30.. _ .........

31 ___ ........

Oct.

11S

154

14S

14S

142

142

142

169

176

169

162

158

154

158

169

180

182

185

185

185

185

180

180

176

169

162

162

162

169

Nov.

1AO

176

IRQ

169

192

199

185

100

204

204

204

9ftd

217

210

204

217

230

244

244

258

273

273

204

169

193

217

273

185

192

Dec.

244

148

9O4

303

148

215

160

120

150

170

160

170

180

160

120

110

120

no

120

no

120

120

120

120

135

150

130

110

120

120

Jan.

120

125

120

110

115

120

125

120

120

120

125

130

120

110

105

100

110

120

120

120

120

120

120

120

105

90

100

Feb.

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

115

125

130

120

110

110

.115

120

120

120

130

130

120

110

100

100

105

Mar.

110

120

130

125

120

120

120

125

130

135

140

130

125

120

120

120

130

140

160

180

150

120

115

110

105

100

120

140

Apr.

150

170

205

260

290

320

260

200

150

180

205

260

320

395

546

990

1,400

1,850

1,800

1,46.0

1,120

862

733

698

620

582

546

May

493

444

412

san

364

Wl

OOO

333

O^Q

qon

412

364 °.di

318

318

348 Qcn

364

348

460

582

546

476

396

364

333

303

273

244

217

217

June

917

217

192

258

288

411

546

904

698

582

476

444

348

318

288

258

244

217

217

303

396

348

303

288

318

217

204

197

190

July

OAO

204

107

9fU

273

QAQ

OQQ

258

217

202

187

194

217

200

182

167

165

160

150

140

160

158

148

148

148

158

154

Aug.

1QO

134

128

122

118

1 1ft

122

lift

118

1 1ft

1 1ft

118

114

IftQ

1H4

109

109

128

138

133

128

122

118

122

134

128

122

122

Sept.

100

14O

150

158

IfiO

9fld

1Q9

169

1AS

14.9

134

122

lift

138

148

1 ^ft

148

149

138

134

128

122

122

122

118

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 7 to Apr. 17. Gage not read and discharged interpolated Oct. 6, 18, Nov. 15, 26, Apr. 23, May 13,18, July 17, 27, Aug. 3,10, 23, and Sept. 4.

Monthly discharge of Pike River at Amberg, Wis., for the year ending September

80, 1923

t 

[ Drainage area, 240 square miles]

Month

April _ ......... _ . __ ........... .....

July.. . ____ __ . _ _______ .. ....

September. ___________ . ___ .. ....

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

192 

273 

303 

130 

130 

180 

1,850 

582 

904 

303 

138 

204

1.850

Minimum

142 

162 

110 

90 

100 

100 

150 

217 

190 

140 

104 

118

90

Mean

167 

208 

149 

117 

116 

127 

572 

369 

337 

193 

122 

142

218

Per square 

mile

0.696 

.867 

.621 

.488 

.483 

.529 

2.38 

1.54 

1.40 

.804 

.508 

.592

.908

Run-off in 

inches

0.80 

.97 

.72 

.56 

.50 

.61 

2.66 

1.78 

1.56 

.93 

.59 

.66

12.34
16 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV 

PESHTIGO RIVER AT HIGH FALLS, NEAR CRIVITZ, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 1, T. 32 N., E. 18 E., at High Falls, near Crivitz, Marinette 

County, at power house of Wisconsin Public Service Corporation, 1 mOe 

upstream from Thunder River (coming in from right), and 15 miles by road 

northwest of Crivitz.

DRAINAGE AREA. 520 square miles (measured on Wisconsin Geological and 

Natural History Survey map, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 3, 1912, to September 30, 1923.

DISCHARGE. Owing to backwater caused by construction of the power plant at 

Johnson Falls, 3 miles downstream from High Falls, the gage-height record 

from the water-stage recorder formerly used at a site one-fourth mile downstream from the power house at High Falls could not be used for determination of discharge. The daily discharge after September 30, 1922, was, 

therefore, computed from hourly determinations of flow through the turbines 

(from kilowatt output and effective head) plus discharge through the gates 

and over the spillway.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily dicharge recorded during year, 

2,330 second-feet April 26; minimum mean daily discharge, 51 second-feet 

October 29, December 17, and January 1.

1912-1923: Maximum stage from water-stage recorder, 7.80 feet at 4.30 

p. m. April 11, 1922 (discharge, 3,860 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.97 

foot from midnight to 7.20 a. m. October 27, 1919 (discharge, 43 secondfeet). Owing to artificial regulation, extremes given do not represent the 

natural flow.

REGULATION. Considerable diurnal fluctuation caused by operation of powei 

plant and during log-driving season by manipulation of gates. Mean 

monthly flow does not represent the natural flow because of storage in the 

service reservoir.

ACCURACY. Discharge is computed from hourly readings at the power plant 

and records are fair.

COOPERATION. Records of daily discharge furnished by the Wisconsin Public 

Service Corporation.

The following discharge measurement was made by S. B. Soule": 

October 19, 1922: Gage height, 2.51 feet; discharge, 488 second-feet.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 17

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Peshtigo River at High Falls, near Crivitz, Wis., 

for the year ending September 30,1928

Day

1... _ . ___ .

2 ___ .. _ ....

3 ... .....

4. ___ ...

5 .............

6 ___ ... _ ..

7..-... .....

8 .....

9. __ .... .....

10 _ ... ___

11. _

12 __ ..........

13 __ .. ___ 

14...... ........

15 .... ....

16. 

17 ........

18 ............

19 .- 

20 

21 ... .

22 _ ...... .

23 

24.. .........

25 .... ....... ..

26... .. .

27.. . ...

28 

29 ...........

30 -

31...... .....

Oct.

120

224

233

316

309

270

299

257

269

289

281

251

4OQ

86

9Q1

291

281

261

267

917

1QQ

AQ9

454

440

445

433

282

51

356

Nov.

588

406

260

185

52

408

438

430

393

in

201

231

299

291

250

250

52

284

504

497

v\n

267

290

^ift

340

280

^11 4

 )QQ

Dec.

344

293

71

480

761

327

294

465

553

247

f)Af\

295

217

275

206

51

231

234

OOQ

168

208

124

52

52

317

417

348

314

219

120

Jan.

51

141

167

180

160

182

78

343

216

OOA

186

170

q/Vj

194

99ft

200

330

250

qoi

EO

286

316

9tt7

9ft7

977

261

185

9Qfl

Q17

*>1 -I

Feb.

286

289

221

84

259

292

269

290

221

174

80

262

283

156

139

155

149

64

193

208

9fi9

oon

^fis

122

7Q

316

397 071

Mar.

365

384

651

143

445

501

536

620

520

538

341

19S

316

361

557

314

421

316

499

504

571

97fl

OOQ

9Q1

308

OQ1

9Q9

291

205

Apr.

52

577

542

287

277

611

500

281

229

OQfl

91 Q

OOA

400

479

^7*

A-IQ

,668

719

871

964

1,020

684

1,090

1,670

9 97fl

0 OOA

2,180

1 840

1,670

May

1,380

1,490

1,180

977

1,080

1,070

937

885

891

916

Ql 1

916

511

QEO

951

943

Q41

765

436

568

747

7ft 1

QOO

7ft4

QOO

ftfiQ

7qn

«QQ

^.ifi

OQO

June

748

482

285

468

680

473

607

772

1,410

1,690

I

QOfl

1 7Qfl

1, 310

1,170

1,160

1,130

osn

888

825

OCA

OAR

01 K

796

351

77ft

886

905

867

742

356

July

52

273

493

244

355

518

596

490

449

789

833

630

550

609

492

617

871

869

573

RAQ

431

261

410

AJRf)

357

Q17

263

 188

122

254

Aug.

268

255

274

269

153

312

284

240

243

187

119

52

266

335

290

oss

267

247

52

276

OTQ

223

225

338

1OQ

52

235

141

231

914

244

Sept.

164

209

190

259

385

348

562

659

222

O1 Q

428

431

373

194

ion

297

301

266

469

465

161

99

316

357

400

266

268

162

72

Monthly discharge of Peshtigo River at High Falls, near Crivitz, Wis., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 520 square miles]

Month

October. __ . ____________ ____

January _ __ . ___ __ __ ____ . __ .

March ___________ .... _______

April...... ........ .......... .............

July..--...-..-........-...-...--.-.....-.

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

492 

588 

761 

343 

397 

651 

2,330 

1,490 

1,920 

871 

341 

659

2,330

Minimum

* 

51 

52 

51 

51 

64 

112 

52 

345 

285 

52 

52 

72

51

Mean

295 

309 

270 

227 

221 

387 

872 

859 

899 

458 

235 

303

445

Per square 

mile

0.567 

.594 

.519 

.437 

,425 

,744 

1.68 

1.65 

1.73 

.881 

.452 

.583

.856

Run-off 

in inches

0.65 

.66 

.60 

.50 

.44 

.86 

1.87 

1.90 

1.93 

1.02 

.52 

.65

11.60
18 SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

OCONTO RIVER NEAR GILLETT, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 34, T. 28 N., R. 18 E., at highway bridge 2J^ miles southeast of Gillett, Oconto County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 678 square miles (measured on Wisconsin Geological and. 

Natural History Survey map, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 7, 1906, to March 30, 1909; January 6, 1914, to 

September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to iron railing on upstream side of bridge; read, 

by Harvey Gilbertson. Zero of gage was raised 4.0 feet January 6, 1914.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Gravel; permanent. Left bank of medium height and. 

not subject to overflow. During extremely high stages water may overflow 

around right end of bridge.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum discharge recorded during year, 3,930 

second-feet April 20-22; minimum discharge, about 195 second-feet Janu 

ary 10.

1906-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 9.1 feet at 3 p. m. April 11, 1922, 

caused by failure of a dam at Pulcifer, 4 miles upstream (discharge, 

6,470 second-feet). Minimum open-water discharge, 95 second-feet June 

3 and 6, 1907.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent, except as affected, 

by ice. Rating curve well denned between 300 and 1,850 second-feet and. 

fairly well defined between 1,850 and 6,500 second-feet. Gage read to quarter-tenths once daily. Daily discharge obtained by applying daily gage 

height to rating table, except for period when stage-discharge relation wa& 

affected by ice, for which it was obtained by applying to rating table dailygage height corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements 

observer's notes, and weather records. Open-water records excellent, exceptfor extremely high stages, for which they are good; records for winter period 

are fair.

Discharge measurements of Oconto River near Gillett, Wis., during the year ending

September 30, 1923

Date

Jan. 17

Feb. 27

July 29

Made by 

J. H. Olson ____ . ____ . ____________________ ......

.....do... __ . ..... ... . . . ... . . . .......... .. .

E. E. Foster __ . ___ . __ . _________ . . _____ . _ .... _

Gage 

height

Feet 

 2.52

 2.78

1.22

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

33&

345.

382.

»Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 19

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Oconto River near Gillett, Wis., for the year 

ending September SO, 1928

Day

2.... .. .....

3. ..... .....

6 _____ . .....

T. ........ .... .

8.......... ....

9 ........ .....

10 

11 ..............

12..-....... .

13... ........

14 _ . ..........

15 

16......... _ ..

17 

]8 .... _ -

]» . 

20 .--

21 .....

22.. __ ...... .

23- .........

24. _ ..... .... .

25 .....

26, _ ..... .....

27......... .....

28. ___ __ -

29. _ ... __

30 -

31 -

Oct.

415

ADO

438

438

4.QC

Q7H

370

415

415

438

460

510

370

350

330

460

660

560

510

510

510

312

370

685

610

510

460

485

370

585

Nov.

510

510

510 ecn

585

585

510

510

510

560

415

460

560

560

510

560

560

535

850

820

820

792

710

685

510

485

535

535

535

Dec.

560

610

e«n

585

590

470

445

XOK

565

540

515

515

515

515

515

515

515

490

470

AKA

JOK

415

405

370

340

340

340

330

325

315

305

Jan.

305

OAC

OAA

290

300

305 9on

270

230

1Q^

240

O7ft

9Qn

305

330

360

oen

<UA

340

QJft

320

305

320

340

330

325

325

325

330

340

330

Feb.

QOR

QOK

325

QOK

QOK

315

305

OAK

OAK

OftC

305

305

OAC

305

305

305

QftC

320

340

Q1 e

9QO,

300

325

325

325

340

360

370

Mar.

380

QQA

9QA

380

ocn

380

380

OQft

QQft

QOA

380

400

JOK

400

380

380

oon

380

380

QQA

405

425

445

425

405

390

380

380

380

360

340

Apr.

340

340

QOA

Aft^

450

490

540

son

660

725

940

1,160

1 Qftft

1,430

1,500

1,570

2,260

9 QKA

3,690 0 QQA

q noft

3,930

3,690

3,530

3,210

3,130

2,410

2,410

2,170

1 Q°.fl

May

1,770

1,530

1 AKf\

1,150 i oon

1,150

7Q9

Q7C

1 040

1,010

940

910

880

7Q9

1,290

370

370

w\

A»7e

710

910 Qin

880

7Q9

765

710

685

585

765

685

June

485 ITOC

535

coc

660

635 700

1 1 EA

7Q9

1,610

685

660

1,610

1,610

1 290

1,690

o nofl

2,410

1 930

1,290 Q>\n

350

485

660

485

460

?Q9

July

QKA

460

415

438

585

510

560

585

Cfif\

585

510

535

585

535

585

COK

485

510

460

460

350

415

438

415

392

370

370

370

392

Q7H

Aug.

Q*7H

QCA

330

qon

312

OQC

312

312

312

Q1O

312

295

263

312

295

295

330

330

350

370

370

392

350

350

350

350

350

370

370

370

Sept.

OCA

OCA

370

QQO

392

370

392

460

460

438

415

392

370

370

350

330

350

370

370

415

415

392

392

392

460

438

415

415

392

370

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 5 to Apr. 21.

Monthly discharge of Oconto River near Gillett, Wis., for the year ending September

SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 678 square miles]

Month

April.................................. ......

June. ____ . ________________

July 

September.... ________________ ,

The year..... _______ . .......

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

685 

850 

610 

360 

370 

445 

3,930 

1,770 

2,410 

585 

392 

460

3,830

Minimum

312 

415 

305 

195 

290 

340 

320 

370 

312 

350 

263 

330

195

Mean

461 

577 

460 

308 

318 

388 

1,860 

940 

952 

475 

333 

393

621

Per square 

mile

0.680 

.851 

.678 

.454 

.469 

.572 

2.74 

1.39 

1.40 

.70! 

.491 

.580

.916

Run-ofl in 

inches

0.78 

.95 

.78 

.52 

.49 

.66 

3.06 

1.60 

1.56 

.81 

.57 

.65

12.43

FOX RIVER AT BERLIN, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 16, T. 17 N., R. 13 E., at Government lock and dam, 2J£

miles upstream from Berlin, Green Lake County. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,430 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6

miles). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 1, 1898, to September 30, 1923.
20 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

GAGE. Staff gage located in pool immediately below dam; read by lock tender 

for United States Engineer Corps.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Sand and gravel, one channel at all stages; banks 

low and subject to overflow.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of Huron Street highway bridge in city of Berlin, 2^ miles downstream from gage. Bating 

curves for gage corrected for any small inflow between the gage and measuring section.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge recorded during year, 

6,050 second-feet, April 12; minimum mean daily discharge, 465 second-feet, 

September 20 and 21.

1898-1923: Maximum mean daily discharge, 6,400 second-feet, March 28, 

30, 1916; minimum, mean daily discharge, 2.50 second-feet, February 1-4, 

1900.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except for effect of 

ice. Bating curve well defined between 800 and 6,000 second-feet. Gage 

read three times daily; in general, however, noon reading alone is used in 

determination of daily discharge. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

mean daily gage height to rating table, corrected for period of ice effect by 

means of curves based on discharge measurements and observer's notes. 

Open-water records good; winter records roughly approximate.

COOPERATION. Becords have been collected and computations of daily discharge 

made by United States Engineer Corps. Open-water records obtained 

from rating curves based on discharge measurements made by United States 

Geological Survey.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Fox River at Berlin, Wis., for the year ending

September SO, 1923

Day

1. _ .... __ .

2 _____ . __

3.......... _ .

4.......... _

5 ____ . ___ .

6. ___ .....

7.... __ ......

8.... _ .......

9... ...........

10..............

11 __ . .........

12. ________

13......... __

14 __ ..... ___

15 __ . _____

16......... __ .

17. ..... __ .

18 _ . __ . __ .

19-..-.-.. .....

20 . _. 

21 __ ..........

22 __ . ____ ..

23...............

24 _____ . .....

25 _ . _ - __ .

26.. _______ .

27 - 

28.. ..... ...

29.......... .

30 

31..... ...

Oct.

865

865

830

830

800

800

800

800

765

765

765

765

765

765

800

765

765

800

800

765

765

765

735

735

765

765

765

735

705

735

735

Nov.

735

800

800

830

830

940

975

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,020

940

975

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,140

1,180

1,220

1,220

1,220

1,220

1,270

940

975

1,020

1,020

975

1,020

Dec.

1,060

1,060

975

Q4n

975

975

865

son

800

765

765

735

705

675

645

645

615

615

615

615

615

615

615

615

645

Jan.

675

645

<5Qfl

590

590

615

645

645

RAK

645

645

705

705

705

705

705

705

705

705

705

705

705

735

735

705

Feb.

735

765

765

EQfl

eftn

^fifl

590

eon

590

615

615

615

615

615

615

590

590

KQfl

615

645

645

705.

765

Mar.

830.

Q7H

1,180

1,270

1,220

1,320

1,360

1,420

1,460

1,520

1,520

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,620

1,680

1,680

1,680

1,680

1,680

1,620

1,570

1,620

1,620

1,570

1,570

1,570

1,520

1,520

Apr.

1,520

1,570

1,910

2,100

2,520

3,080

3,530

3,820

4,230

4,790

5,790

6,050

5,650

5,520

5,650

5,390

5,150

4,910

4,670

4,450

4,120

4,120

4,020

3,920

3,720

3,530

3,440

3,260

3,080

May

2,750

2,600

9 df(f\

2,380

2,240

2,100

1,980

1,850

1 74ft

1,620

1,520

1,420

1,320

1,270

1,220

1,180

1,180

1,180

1 140

1,320

i ^fifl

1,360

1,360

1,320

1,270

1,220

1,140

1,060

975

940

June

905

865

865

865

830

800

765

765

765

735

735

705

70 K

705

705

705

675

645

645

645

675

675

645

645

675

675

705

645

645

July

645

615

675

675

fvlH

645

645

645

615

705

705

615

615

590

560

560

560

560

5gO<

535

535

535

535

535

535

535

560

560

535

Aug.

535

560

535

535

535

510

535

510

510

510

4Qfl

490

490

don

490

490

490

490

490

510

510

510

510

510

535

535

560

560

560

Sept.

590

615

615

590

590

675

675

675

645

645

590

590

615

615

590

590

560

490

465

465

490

535

590

590

590

560

535

535
STKEAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 21 

Monthly discharge of Fox River at Berlin, Wis., for the year ending September SO,

[Drainage area, 1,430 square miles]

Month

March ________ __ ................

April..... ...................................

July.........................................

September _ .. ___ . _____ . ____

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

865 

1,270 

1,060 

735 

765 

1,680 

6,050 

2,750 

905 

705 

560 

675

6,050

Minimum

705 

735 

615 

590 

560 

830 

1,520 

940 

615 

535 

490 

465

465

Mean

777 

1,010 

757 

673 

628 

1,490 

3,950 

1,530 

722 

599 

517 

583

Per square 

mile

0.543 

.706 

.529 

.471 

.439 

1.04 

2.76 

1.07 

.505 

.419 

.362 

.408

1, 100 1 . 769

Run-off in 

inches

0.63 

.79

.61 

.54 

.46 

1.20 

3.08 

1.23 

.56 

.48 

.42 

.46

10.46

FOX RIVER AT RAPIDE CROCHE DAM, HEAR WRIGHTSTOWN, WIS.

LOCATION. At Rapide Croche dam, in sec. 4, T. 21 N., R. 19 EM 2 miles from 

Wrightstown, Brown County, and 19 miles downstream from Lake Winnebago.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 3,1896, to September 30,1923.

DRAINAGE AREA. 6,150 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 

miles).

DETERMINATION OP DISCHARGE. The dam owned by the United States Government and operated by the United States Engineer Corps to aid navigation 

is made of timber and is equipped with four needle sluice gates which are 

used only in times of high water. A vertical staff gage at the lower end of 

the canal leading to the lock and about a quarter of a mile below the dam is 

read five times daily at 7 a. m., 9 a. m., noon, 3 p. m., and 6 p. m. The 

mean flow for the day is computed from a formula, using the five gage heights 

for the day, assuming gradual changes in gage height between the readings 

and weighting the different gage heights by elapsed time.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge during year, 13,700 

second-feet May 1-3; minimum mean daily discharge, 1,180 second-feet 

September 3.

1918-1923: Maximum mean daily discharge, 20,100 second-feet April 23, 

1922; minimum mean daily discharge, 742 second-feet August 15, 1921.

REGULATION. The flow past the station is controlled by regulation in Lake 

Winnebago, which has an area of 215 square miles, and to some extent by 

dams between the outlet of Lake Winnebago and the station. The dams 

are operated for the development of power and in the interests of navigation. 

Throughout the period covered by the records the same storage conditions 

have existed.

ACCURACY. Records good.

COOPERATION. The records were collected and computation of daily discharge 

made by the United States Engineer Corps, based on curves which were developed by current-meter measurements made by engineers of the United States 

Geological Survey.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.
22

Daily di,

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

, in second-feet, of Fox River at Rapide Croche dam, near Wrightstown, Wis., for the year ending September SO, 192S

Day

1. __ . .....

2 ____ .....

3. ........

4. __ ... _ .

5. ___ .. ....

6. ___ .. ....

7 __ ..... ...

8. .- _....

9 __ ... __ .

10 __ ..... ...

11 ___ . .....

12 ............

13-.-...-....

14 .- ..._...

15- __ . . .....

16......... ...

17

18 

19 ...... .

20...... ......

21... .........

22. __ . .....

23. _ . .......

24.. 

25.. . .....

26 ___ . .....

27 ........

28 _ . ........

29............

30. -

31 

Oct.

1,910

1,950

9 (un

2,870

2,830

2,610

2,620

2,760

9 Q4.fl

9 Q9fl

9 S4fl

9 P.fUl

O QAA

2,680

3,690

3,670

3,720

3,740

3,810

2.620

2,570

3,710

3,480

3,450

3,390

3,330

2,790

2,780

3,230

Nov.

3,270

3,160

q onn

3,270

9 QP.O.

2,920

3,380

q 9QH

3,320

3 f\(\C\

q (\fi(\

2,740

9 ?fift

3,120

3,110

9 QP/I

9 Q4A

q nan

9 ftfirt

2,580

3,120

3,280

3,270

3 -ten

3,200

9 son

2,730

3,120

3,180 3 9^n

Dec.

3,340

9 74ft

9 73fl

9 7Qfi

3,140

3,030

3,230

3

QAn

3,700

2 420

9 34fl

q q-trt

4,100

0 pen

3 930

3,820

9 740

9 fISfl

q 7 on

4,230

4,180

4,190

4,160

q -ton

9 8QO,

3,990

3,980

4,120

3,910

3,110

Jan.

3,570

4,090

4 090

4,300

4,540

4,510

3,520

q QQfl

d ifin

4,580

4,670

4,770

4.920

4,200

4, 460

4 920

4,660

5,050

4,770

A Cflrt

4,490

4,510

4,810

A QQf\

5,010

4,810

4,060

4,480

4,800

4,820

Feb.

A QKft

4,370

4,020

3

qon

3,910

i IDA

4,550

4,670

A KCfl

4,360

D ODrt

4 460

4,470

3,910

4,880

4 240

5,220

5,790

5,850

5,820

5,750

5,160

5,230

5,480

5,380

Mar.

e AK(\

5,820

5 onn

e nan

4,970

5,280

5,320

5,310

6,010

6,090

5,280

5,690

6 440

6,460

B enfl

C 440

6,320

5,450

6,160

6,760

6,330

6,240

6,230

6,020

5,270

5,560

5,480

5,330

5,520

5,640

5,500

Apr.

i son

5,520

6 QKA

e DAA

6,200

6,740

6,650

5,570

5,820 Q nnn

9 ft on

0 \f\f\

8,350 Q oon

7,880

Q OCA

0 Idfi

9 600

10,100

10,100

10,500

10 600

11,200

12,300

12,600

-iq ruvi

13,100

13,400

13,000

13,200

May

13,700

13,700

1°. 7flfi

13 400

13,500

12,900

12,700 19 Ann

9,710

10,100

Q ^9fl

7,120

6,030

C QQfl

5,970

e AA(\

K 7qo

e OCA

A Qftfl

4,630

6,060

7,080

7 qnn

7,190

7,080

5,980

5,750

5,560

5,270

e onn

June

5,120

5,240

4,430

d 3on

4,920

4,830

4,710

d Attn

4,480

3,370

q ecn

4,910

5,220

5,110

5,080

4,920

3,480

3,690

4,910

f, rmn

5,000

5,000

4,890

3,650

3,640

4,700

4,680

4,720

4,filO

4,640

July

3,050

3,710

9 it£\

2,850

3,880

4,130

3,010

3,130

4,530

4,670

4 660

4,630

4,630

3,380

3,010

3,200

3,260

q AAf\

^ ion

3,190

2,390

2,410

2,460

2,370

2,440

2,410

2,440

1,850

1,920

2,110

Aug.

2,230

2,160

9 4gQ

2,300

1,580

1,600

2,000

9 mm

1,970

2,010

1 4flfl

1,260

1,620

2,060

1,890

1 860

1,950

2,000

1,530

1,370

2,140

2,090

2,000

1,980

1,740

1 33fl

1,570

1,960

1,840

1,920

i Q«n

Sept.

o run

1,620

1,180 i fi/tn

9 ruin

2,140

2,100

2,010

1,600

1,760

o 0.4/1

2,120

o inn

2,020

1,600

1,720

9 ion

9 91 fl

2,250

2,280

2,260

1,790

2,000

2,160

2,410

2,130

2,240

1,960

1,490

Monthly discharge of Fox River at Rapide Croche dam, near Wrightstown, Wis., for 

the year ending September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 6,150 square miles]

Month

March _________ . _______ . ___ .

April........................................

June ______________________

July.........................................

August

The year

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

3,810 

3,600 

4,230 

5,050 

5,850 

6,760 

13,400 

13, 700 

5,240 

4,670 

2,460 

2,410

13,700

Minimum

1,910 

2,580 

2,080 

3,520 

3,320 

4,970 

4,590 

A, 630 

3,370 

1,850 

1,260 

1,180

1,180

Mean

3,000 

3,100 

3,440 

4,530 

4,750 

5,800 

9,150 

8,250 

4,580 

3,170 

1,860 

1,970

4,460

Per square 

mile

0.488 

.504 

.560 

.737 

.772 

.943 

1.49 

1.34 

.745 

.515 

.302 

.320

.725

Run-off 

in inches

0.56 

.56 

.65 

.85 

.80 

1.09 

1.66 

1.54 

.83 

.59 

.35 

.36

9.84
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 23

WOIF RIVER AT KESHENA, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 26, T. 28 N., R. 15 E., at highway bridge at Keshena, Shawano County, 3 miles below junction with West Branch of Wolf River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 840 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 9, 1907, to March 31, 1909; February 10, 1911, to 

September 30, 1923.

Or AGE. Chain gage fastened to downstream side of bridge December 9, 1914; 

May 9, 1907, to November 29, 1914, vertical staff gage fastened to downstream abutment; both gages at same datum. Read by G. Sloniker.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached.

 CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Gravel; smooth and practically permanent. Banks 

of medium height, overflow improbable.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.6 feet April 

21 and 22 (discharge, 3,180 second-feet); minimum discharge, about 365 

second-feet April 2 (stage-discharge relation affected by ice).

1907-1909; 1911-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 7.30 feet at 6.30 p. m. 

April 10,1922 (discharge, 4,390 second-feet); minimum discharge during openwater periods, 275 second-feet September 26, 1908.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

^REGULATION. The river and its main tributaries above Keshena are controlled 

to some extent by logging dams.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by ice. Rating curve well defined throughout. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating 

table, except for period when stage-discharge relation was affected by ice, 

for which it was ascertained by applying to rating table mean daily gage 

height corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, 

observer's notes, and weather records. Open-water records excellent; winter 

records fair.

Discharge measurements of Wolf River at Keshena, Wis., during the year ending

September SO, 1988

Date

Oct. 19

Jan 18

J"eb.28

Made by 

Soul6 and Foster .......

J. H. Olson...;........

.....do.................

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.84

"2.97

 3.05

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

646

540

473

Date

Apr. 23

June 24

Made by 

s. B. souie. ............

E. E. Foster __ ___

Gage 

height

Feel

5.48

2.71

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

3,090

1,070

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
24 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET TV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wolf River at Keshena, Wis., for the year ending

September 30,1923

Day

1. __ ... __ .

2- ___ . .....

3... __ .. .....

4. _ ..........

5 ..... ...

6 ___ . .....

7 __ . ......

8. .. ... ...

9........ ......

10. __ ........

11 __ .........

12.. __ . _ ..

13. ___ ......

14 ___ ......

15 ... .. ....

16. ___ ......

17. _ ..........

18. _ .. .....

19- __ ........

20 ........ ...

21....... . ......

22. ., ......

23. ___ ... __ .

24. _ .,

25.. ..........

26...... ......

27......

28......

29...... ...

30 ... 

31... _ . ....

Oct.

600

600

600

600

600

600

fino.

600

600

600

600

con

600

600

600

640

fiAf)

640

640

640

640

640

firwi

565

PLRK

565

565

fifift

Nov.

600

640

640

fifift

640

791

640

600

fi4O

640

640

600

640

Q1 C

640

600

600

910

1,130

Qin

815

565

79 1\

640

600

640

R4f»

680

791?

Dec.

770

680

600

640

ftqc

Jan.

590

550

535

550

ten

Ken

COE

KKA

**n

COE

515

495

515

AQK

4Qi

480

480

495

495

515

515

Feb.

cqc

515

515

441

AAK

AAK

460

460

460

460

445

445

460

460

441

480

460

Afifi

441

460

445

460

460

460

460

425

460

Afin

Mar.

460

460

480

4fifl

480

480

480

445

445

445

4.OK

44*

44. *

44*

44*

441=1

445

44 E.

44 c

425

441

480

480

480

460

445

425

410

410

380

Apr.

380

410

AAK

AAK

480

* *fl

495

KQK

610

fiQE

900

1,050

1,000

1,160

1 9JZA

1 4ftfl

1 790 9 *4n

q inn

3,180

3,100

3,020

2,860

9 7fin

9 7nn

2,540

9 Qftn

9 99A

May

9 O/Kl

1 930

i* 7on

1,650

1,580

1 440

l)370

1 Q7fl

1,370

1,370

1 Q7fl

1,310

1,250 Qfin

1 250

1 250

I

ocn

1,130

960

1,310

1,720

1,440

1 250

1 250

1,070

1 130

1,130

910

770

am

ofin

\June

770

815

01 E

79 K

1,130

1,130

1 250

1,720

1,720

1,650

1,650

1,720

1,650

1, 580

1,510

1 440

1,310

1 250

1,250

i ocn.

1,310

1,310

1 190

1,070

1,010

1,010

960

910

Qlft

860

July

860

860

910

Qlft

ofifi

960

Qlft

770

860

910

1,070

1,010

910

860

0-1 c

770

770

79*

680

640

640

640 Raft

640

640

640

640

fifift

600

600

Aug.

600

600

600 lysi

IRI

»tf51

600

600

*fi*

K.<in

EOA

530

E.Qrt

530

con

530

530

565

565

565

680

680

640

600

565

»tf51

565

tiAft

600

565

565

Sept.

565

640

725

725

725

725

725

725

680

565

680

640

640

600

565

KQft

530

565

600

600

640

640

640

600

«40

Ann

600

565

565

565

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 5 to Apr. 19.

Monthly discharge of Wolf River at Keshena, Wis., for the year ending September

30, 1923

[Drainage area, 840 square miles]

Month

October ___ ___________ __ .. ...

April _ . ____ ______ . _ . __ _ .....

June _______ . ___ . ___ _____

July..............-..........-.......-... ..

August ____________ . ______ ....

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

680 

1,130 

770

535 

480 

3,180 

2,000 

1,720 

1,070 

680 

725

3,180

Minimum

565 

565

480 

425 

380 

365 

770 

725 

600 

530 

530

365

Mean

608 

690 

640 

542 

462 

447 

1,510 

1,300 

1,230 

784 

575 

627

785

Per square 

mile

0.724 

.821 

.762 

.645 

.550 

.532 

1.80 

1.55 

1.46 

.933 

.685 

.746

.935

Run-ofl in 

inches

0.83 

.92 

.88 

.74 

.57 

.61 

2.01 

1.79 

1.63 

1.08 

.79 

.83

12.68
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 25

WOIF BIVER AT NEW LONDON, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 12, T. 22 N., R. 14 E., at Pearl Street highway bridge, New 

London, Waupaca County. Embarrass River enters from right threefourths of a mile above station, and Little Wolf River, also from right, 5 

miles below.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,240 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological - and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 1, 1913, to September 30, 1923. Unpublished 

gage heights March 1, 1899, to September 30, 1913, are in files of the office 

of the United States Engineer Corps, Milwaukee, Wis.

GAGE. Staff gage fastened to right hand downstream pier of Pearl Street Bridge. 

Datum of gage raised 0.641 foot on March 1, 1911, according to information 

of the United States Engineer Corps. Zero of gage is at elevation 748.874 

feet above mean sea level, New York City datum.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from Shawano Street Bridge four blocks 

below gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Sand, hardpan, and mud; not permanent. Control 

not well defined. Banks at the gage fairly high. During flood stages the 

water from Embarrass River flows across the city of New London into the 

channel of Wolf River below the gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 10.2 feet at 

8 a. m. April 24 (discharge, 10,100 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.0 foot 

at 8 a. m. August 17, 20, and 21 (discharge, 780 second-feet).

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 11.4 feet at 8 a. m. April 13, 1922 

(discharge, 15,500 second-feet); minimum discharge, 700 second-feet February 

6-9, 1918. The office of the United States Engineer Corps reports a stage 

of 11.6 feet on April 16, 1888.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. Little, if any, diurnal fluctuation, owing to operation of power 

plant above the station, has been observed at the gage; monthly flow 

natural.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent. Rating curves used before 

and after period of ice effect fairly well defined. Gage read to tenths once 

daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating 

table, except for period when stage-discharge relation was affected by ice, 

for which it was obtained by applying to rating table mean daily gage height 

corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, observer's 

notes, and weather records. Open-water records fair; winter records poor.

Discharge measurements of Wolf River at New London, Wis., during the year ending

September SO, 1928

Date

Oct. 18

Jan. 20

Made by Oage 

height

Feet

a ) no

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

999

Date Made by Oage

height

Feet 

 3.20

4.65

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

923

2,510

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
26 STJKFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wolf River at New London, Wis., for the year

ending September 30, 1923

Day

Ir ___ ........

2 --

3. .........

4. _ .........

6.. _ ........

7 __ .........

8.. _ .... _ .

9.. ........

10. __ . ___ .

11... ___ ....

12.. __ ....

13 

14 

15. _ . _ .. ...

16... .. ...

17.. ........

18 

19 

20.. . ...

21. _____ ..

22..- ...

23.. _ ........

24- _ --. 

25 ___ . . ___ .

26. __ . ... .

27. ____ - _ .

28. ___ .

29. _ ___ .

30 . .....

31.. . .... 

Oct.

1,170

1,210

1,090

1,170

1,130

1,130

1,090

1,090

1,090

1,130

1,090

1,020

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,090

1,090

1,130

1,130

1,130

1,130

1,130

1,170

1,170

1,130

1,130

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,130

1,090

Nov.

1,090 i nfin

1,130

1 l^n

1,210

1 9Qn

1 ^^1

1,410

1,410

1,330

1,290

1,210

1,330

1,330

1,370

1,410

1,410

1,370

1,410

1,650

1,770

1,900

2,000

2,050

1,850

1,730

1 ^^1

1,450

1,450

1,610

Dec.

1,570

1,570

1 4Qn

1,610

1,530

1,450

1,410

1,410

1,410

1,370

1,330

1,290

1,250

1,210

1,170

1,060

1,020

1,020

1,020

985

985

985

985

915

985 OKI;

985

o»<;

985

1,060

Jan.

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,020

QQK

985

985

985

985

985

985

985

985

985

985

985

985

985

985

985

985

985

985

Q8t

QQE

985

985

OCR

985

985

Feb.

QQE

QOR

985

985

QQR

nor

985

950

950

950

950

950

950

950

915

915

915

915

880

880

880

880

880

880

880

880

880

880

Mar.

san

Q11

1,020

1,210

1 OCA

1 290

i <i3fi

1 330

1,330

1,330

3,290

1,290

1,290

1,330

1,330

1,370

1 330

1,330

1,330

1,330

1 330

1, 370

1,370

1,410

1,410

1 AQt\

1 con

1,490

1,530

Apr.

1,530

1,570

2,050

2, 400

o enfl

O OQA

0 Q«A

o enA

3,360

3,500

3,820

4,370

5,600

6,790

7,540

7

KA{\

7,280

7,540

8,090

8,090

Q OCA

9

*1 eft

9,710

10,100

9,710

8,690

8 OQA

7,540

7 nan

6,560

May

5,950

5 440

5,020

4, 900

4,680

4,170

3,990

3,900

3,740

3,580

3,430

o oen

3,220

3,020

2,960

9 onn

O Q.Af\

2,780

2,780

2,840

o on/i

9 QnA

2,900

9 onn

9 Qnn

2,900

2 ygQ

2,600

2,480 9 9fin

2,160

June

1 Qfift

1,760

1,760

1 Qfift.

2,160

9 9in

9 26Q

9 ^ifin

0 ggQ

2,480

2,600

2. 660

9 fiftfl

2,600

2,600

9 Ann

9 firm

9 4RO

2,420

9 4.tn

2,420

9 ^Ifift

2,210

2,160

2,010

2,010

2,010

1,860

1,710

1,620

July

1,530

1,480

1 440

1 OOA

1,280

1,910

1 960

2,010

2,110

2,210

2,160

9 win

1,710

1,620

1,620

1,620

1 480

1,400

1,360

1,280

1,200

1,160

1,120

1,120

1,080

1,080

1,050

1,080

i ftftn

1,020

1,020

Aug.

1,020

npn

945

oin

910

oin

910

910

oin

oin

840

875

875

Q40

ftjn

sin

7sn

810

810

780

Tftn

875

875

945

CLIS

Oin

980 <Mf;

875

osn

910

Sept.

Qt(\

dfin>

OfiOi

1,02»

1,020

1,200-

1 24&

1,280

1,200

1, 160>

1,200-

1,200

1,050

980

98O

non>

945

945.

91O

875

QiH

1,020

1,050-

1.05O i nfio

1.05O

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,02O

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation aflected by ice Dec. 5 to Apr. 6.

Monthly discharge of Wolf River at New London, Wis., for the year ending Septem'

ber 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 2,240 square miles]

Month

July .... __ ........... __ . _ ... .....

September _ ... __ . ____ ..

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,210 

2,050 

1,610 

1,020 

985 

1,530 

10,100 

5,950 

2,660 

2,210 

1,020 

1,280

10, 100

Minimum

1,020 

1,060 

915 

985 

880 

880 

1,530 

2,160 

1,620 

1,020 

780 

875

780

Mean

1,110 

1,450 

1,190 

990 

929 

1,320 

5,960 

3,390 

2,240 

1,470 

890 

1,040

1,830

Per square 

mile

0.496 

.647 

.531 

.442 

.415 

.590 

2.66 

1|51 

1.00 

.656 

.397 

.464

.817

Run-ofl 

in inches

0.57 

.72 

.61 

.51 .43* 

.68 

2.97 

1.74 

1.12 

.76 

.46 

.52

11.091
STREAMS TBIBUTABY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 27

EMBARRASS RIVER NEAR EMBARRASS, WIS.

LOCATION. At highway bridge on line between T. 26 N., R. 14 E., and T. 26 

N., R. 15 E., 1 mile downstream from mouth of Mill Creek and 4 miles upstream from Embarrass, Waupaca County.

DBAINAGE ABEA. 395 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin 

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 

miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 5, 1919, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to downstream handrail; read by Charles 

Murawski.

CHANNEL AND CONTBOL. Bed of channel at gage and downstream heavy 

gravel. Riffle 100 feet downstream forms control. Right bank not subject 

to overflow; left bank of medium height and will be overflowed at stage of 

about 9 feet.

DISCHABGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge.

EXTREMES OP DISCHABGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.70 feet at 

8 a. m. April 22 (discharge, 3,500 second-feet); minimum stage, 2.38 feet at 

7 a. m. July 23 (discharge, about 34 second-feet).

1919-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 11.50 feet at 4 p. m. April 10,1922 

(discharge, about 6,760 second-feet); minimum stage, that of July 23, 1923.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. Several dams above station create head for development of 

power, but they do not have enough storage to cause any but slight daily 

fluctuation.

ACCUBACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined 

between 114 and 2,800 second-feet; extended beyond these limits. Gage 

read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

mean daily gage height to rating table except during period when stage-discharge relation was affected by ice, for which it was obtained by applying 

to rating table mean daily gage height corrected for ice effect by means of 

two discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather records. Openwater records good except at low stages, for which they are fair; winter 

records fair.

Discharge measurements of Embarrass River near Embarrass, Wis., during the year 

ending September 80, 1923

Date

Jan. 19

Mar. 1

Made by 

J. H. Olson ______

__ .do.................

Gage 

height

Feet 

»3. 52

°3.90

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

138

138

Date

Apr. 23

Made by 

E. E. Foster. _ ... _

Gage 

height

Feel 

7.45

3.14

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

2,720

216

1 Stage-discharge relation afiected by ice.
28 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1023, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Embarrass River near Embarrass, Wis., for the 

year ending September 80, 1923

Day

1. __ ..... ...

2.. .........

3 

4.. .........

5 ..........

6 ___ .... _ .

7 _ ----- 

8 . ....

9 ...........

10 ...........

11 ._.

12. ___ . _ . _

13 . ..........

14. __ .. _ ....

15 ...........

16... _ ........

17 _ ........

18 ...........

19... _ ........

20 _ ........

21 ....... __

22. __ . _ . ....

23 _ ........

24... _ ........

25 ...........

26 _ ...... .

27 _ ..... ...

28 ............

29..............

30 ...........

31 ........

Oct.

183

180

173

170

170

167

167

164

167

167

167

167

170

167

170

1QO

203

196

214

207

183

167

164

170

177

IQrt

Nov.

200

270

217

999

262

295

ORE

307

243

117

97ft

255

295

OKI

274

364

EQO

574

598

478

386

QOA

049

303

307

OOK

Dec.

299

342

^ft^

97ft

1 1*\

365

<Ufi

260

240

170

1QC

155

155

155

on

10C

on

140

115

100

ioe

125

140

125

115

115

115

115

Jan.

100

IfiA

115

115

70

fin

1OR

115

14fr

155

140

100

100

140

125

140

140

60

115

115

125

70

70

140

140

140

155

80

Feb.

140

1OC

80

140

155

on

90

170

on

170

170

100

170

205

100

170

100

90

185

170

ftn

115

Idfi

140

80

Mar.

140

1JA

140

ioe

115

115

Wf>

*0

90

80

70

115

125

on

100

100

on

100

115

115

140

115

100

80

Sfl

-90

90

90

90

80

80

Apr.

70

80

Sfi

inn

inn

on

155

205

303

299

364

647

1,010

1,060

1,010

1,120

1 ^flft

1,960

2,590

q oon

3,430

3,430

2,730

2,020

1,600

1,300

1,120

955

824

747

May

550

598

526

455

432

386

386

432

455

409

409

342

320

303

346

386

386

364

478

598

622

574

455

386

324

278

278

207

235

196

June

196

217

478

478

432

526

622

697

697

502

432

346

364

320

282

243

217

186

180

255

247

196

193

161

137

143

152

167

158

July

135

152

235

574

303

342

364

574

502

432

299

207

247

278

266

210

183

140

143

140

217

140

39

86

132

170

132

132

140

132

149

Aug.

135

141

132

124

122

132

130

143

104

83

107

86

]09

77

109

132

130

95

114

100

100

127

164

140

119

146

143

119

203

190

Sept.

149

152

158

203

210

ion

193

214

221

isn

155

1 KO

140

140

140

130

155

164

177

180

200

200

196

170

177

164

158

143

152

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation aflected by ice Dec. 6 to Apr. 8.

Monthly discharge of Embarrass River near Embarrass, Wis., for the year ending

September 80, 1923

[Drainage area, 395 square miles]

Month

April -.- . _ .....

July.........................................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

214 

598 

365 

155 

205 

140 

3,430 

622 

697 

574 

203 

221

3,430

Minimum

164 

117 

80 

60 

80 

70 

70 

196 

137 

39 

77 

130

39

Mean

177 

313 

179 

117 

133 

103 

1,130 

407 

323 

232 

125 

171

283

Per square 

mile

0.448 

.792 

.453 

.296 

.337 

.261 

2.86 

1.03 

.818 

.587 

.316 

.433

.716

Eun-ofl 

in inches

0.52 

.88 

.52 

.34 

.35 

.30 

3.19 

1.19 

.91 

.68 

.36 

.48

9.72
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 29

LITTLE WOLF RIVER AT ROYALTOHT, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 1, T. 22 N., R. 13 E., at highway bridge at Royalton, 

Waupaca County, 4 miles above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE AREA. 485 square miles (measured on Wisconsin Geological and 

Natural History Survey map, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 13, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Sloping gage on left bank 150 feet upstream from highway bridge; read 

by J. C. Jensen. Prior to August 20, 1915, a chain gage fastened to upstream side of highway bridge was used. Datum of sloping gage is 0.75 

foot higher than that of the chain gage; owing to change in slope, however, 

difference between the readings on the slope gage and chain gage is not 

constant. I

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 500 feet upstream from gage or 

by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Stream bed gage section consists of heavy gravel and 

rock; fairly permanent. At measuring section bed is fine, smooth gravel. 

Neither bank is overflowed to any extent at flood stages.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum open-water stage during year, 5.4 feet at 

8 a. m. April 15 (discharge, 3,700 second-feet); minimum discharge, 160 

second-feet several days in January.

1914-1923: Maximum discharge recorded, 5,780 second-feet at 7 a. m. 

April 10 and 5 p. m. April 11, 1922; minimum discharge, about 120 secondfeet January 20, 1922.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. The few power plants above the station have little storage; no 

diurnal fluctuation has been observed at the gage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent throughout the year. Rating 

curve well defined below 3,220 second-feet; gage read to quarter-tenths 

twice daily. Daily discharge obtained by applying mean daily gage height 

to rating table, except for period whem stage-discharge relation was affected 

by ice, for which it was obtained by applying to rating table mean daily 

gage height corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, 

observer's notes, and weather records. Open-water records good; winter 

records fair.

Discharge measurements of Little Wolf River at Royalton, Wis., during the year ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 18

Jan. 22

Made by 

J. H. Olson ______

Gage 

height

Feel 

1.59

"1.87

Discharge

Sfc.-ft. 

283

Date

Mar. 5

Made by 

E. E. Foster _____

Gage 

height

Feet 

 2.68

1.53

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

285

265

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. 

72038 26f WSP 564 3
30 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Little Wolf River at Royalton, Wis., for the year

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1..- .

4. ____ -

5 ___ ....

6 _ - .....

7 _ ... -

10... 

11... .- . 

19

1 °.

14. - - 

15 - -

16... .....

17.. 

1 ft

1Q

20.. 

91

99

00

24 . _ ... -

25.. .........

26...... ....

27.. __ . 

Oft

29

30..-..-. 

q-t

Oct.

257

248

280

273

267

248

267

267

243

248

267

232

211

238

280

257

201

243

314

323

386

352

386

181

217

217

232

238

248

238.

243

Nov.

94R

238

267

273

305

293

305

305

280

273

280

323

352

305

280

293

472

501

530

620

620

650

590

590

530

439

361

371

501

501

Dec.

501

466

501

466

KflA

590

IfiO

590

445

445

445

365

340

275

245

215

205

180

180

180

170

180

170

180

170

185

185

170

180

170

170

Jan.

170

170

180

170

160

170

170

170

170

160

160

170

170

160

170

185

185

180

185

180

180

185

215

235

235

245

235

235

225

205

215

Feb.

911

205

1QK

185

195

205

185

185

195

185

205

205

200

195

215

195

195

185

205

205

215

245

260

215

205

195

205

Mar.

O/IC

275

260

q/m

9Q*

320

340

340

390

320

295

275

260

275

275

260

245

260

275

260

260

245

235

235

245

260

260

295

260

245

260

Apr.

340

560

710

770

oqn

935

900

970

1,210

1,570

1,878

2,290

2,740

3,100

3,700

3,460

2,860

2,740

2,740

2,620

2,740

2,740,

2,620

2,510

2,510

1,770

1,300

1,300

1,130

865

May

800

740

770

740

740

620

CQA

530

472

461

461

417

428

461

444

461

444

800

680

560

620

590

530

444

392

310

342

310

310

310

June

276

01 (\

4.79

01 f\

276

310

530

472

407

328

366

328

276

310

284

297

284

284

310

276

270

270

276

260

270

310

284

260

270

251

July

9d1

997

284

qin

**QO

501

AAA

fiQA

Qftfl

fifil

770

590

461

142

310

284

318

284

284

276

284

270

241

234

245

241

245

245

241

241

Aug.

234

9^4.

241

997

219

213

234

997

234

241

234

241

997

219

207

186

207

207

203

207

234

227

219

207

207

213

227

234

207

. 219

227

Sept.

997

f>97

OffQ

OKI

94.1

OKI

349

461

OOft

0-1 rt

260

97f>

94.1

241

241

97ft

270

260

260

251

276

376

407

376

328

356

328

310

97fl

287

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by Ice Dec. 9 to Apr. 14.

Monthly discharge of Little Wolf River at Royalton, Wis., for the year ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 485 square miles]

Month

April........... _ .......................... May . . _ .. . _ .. ........

July ... ..... __

September ___ _ ... __ ..

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

386 

650 

590 

245 

260 

390 

3,700 

800 

530 

900 

241 

461

3,700

Minimum

181 

238 

170 

160 

185 

235 

340 

310 

251 

227 

186 

223

160

Mean

261 

397 

312 

189 

204 

278 

1,880 

527 

314 

373 

221 

292

436

Per square 

mile

0. 538 

.819 

.643 

.390 

.421 

.578 

3.88 

1.09 

.647 

.769 

.456 

.602

.899

Run-off 

in inches

0.62 

.91

.74 

.45 

.44 

.66 

4.33 

1.26 

.72 

.89 

.53 

.67

12.22
STBEAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 31

WAUPACA RIVER NEAR WAUPACA, WIS.

LOCATION. Near north line of sec. 1, T. 21 N., R. 12 E., at highway bridge 4 

miles downstream from Waupaca, Waupaca County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 305 square miles (measured on Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey map, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 18, 1917, to September 30,1923. June 28,1916, 

to October 18, 1917, records were obtained at a station near Weyauwega, 

1 mile downstream from present site.

GAGE. Chain gage, bolted to upstream handrail of bridge; read by George 

Radtke.

DISCHAEGE MEASUEEMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed consists of fine gravel and clay; clean and free 

from vegetation. Control not well defined and is not permanent. Right 

bank high and seldom overflowed; left bank of medium height and is overflowed at a stage of about 6 feet.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice. " ,

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.4 feet at 9 

a. m. April 13 (discharge, 2,410 second-feet); minimum discharge, 115 secondfeet January 6 and February 24 (stage-discharge relation affected by ice).

1918-1923: Maximum open-water stage recorded, 5.6 feet March 17,1919 

(discharge, 2,600 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.28 feet November 21,1920 

(discharge, 96 second-feet).

REGULATION. Power plants at Waupaca and above on the main stream and also 

several on Crystal River may cause slight fluctuation during low stages. 

Pondage at the various plants is small and mean monthly discharge is believed 

to represent closely the natural flow.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation probably permanent during year. Rating 

curve fairly well defined between 180 and 700 second-feet. Gage read to 

hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage 

height to rating table, except for period when stage-discharge relation was 

affected by ice, for which it was obtained by applying to rating table daily 

gage height corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, 

observer's notes, and weather records. Open-water records fair; winter 

records poor.

Discharge measurements of Waupaca River near Waupaca, Wis., during the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 18

Jan. 21

Made by 

S. B. Soulfi ............

Gage' 

height

Feet 

1.80

»2. 77

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

203

176

Date

Mar. 3

Made by 

E. E Foster ___ ...

Gage 

height

Feet 

 3.80

1.-98

Dis-. 

charge

Sec.-ft. 

280

26&

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
32 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waupaca River near Waupaca, Wis.,for the year 

ending September 30,1923

Day

1. __ ........

2. ___ ........

3. _ ..........

4 __ .. _ .....

5 __ .. _.

6. _ _ ....

7 ... ... ..

8 __ .. __ ....

9 _ ._... _-

10. .

11 __ .........

12 

13..... ___ . ...

14. . _ . ...

15 ....

17 

is

19 

20. _ .... 

91

99

23 

94

25. ___ ....

26 

97

28- - 

9Q

ort

01

Oct.

236

209

209

209

209

OrtQ

209

209

209

209

209

209

209

196

209

209

209

196

222

209

196

209

209

209

198

196

209

222

9HQ

Nov.

209

209

999

999

298

265

OQft

owi

209

222

222

236

222

209

209

222

236

329

296

280

280

265.

236

236

222

209

196

196

236

Dec.

OQR

OQ«

9^0

f)K.{\

OKrt

OQC

235

220

195

IQ«;

170

170

160

160

160

170

135

150

160

160

170

195

195

170

160

Jan.

i ^n

150

150

1QC

1 %f\

115

170

160 i f^n

IOP;

i w\

160

135

150

160

160

160

155

150

150

185

185

150

160

160

160

170

170

Feb.

150

1 P^fl

160 i f\n

i ^n

160

1 f\f\

160

150

135

135

140

150

140

130

1915

150

160

160

135

170

160

160

115

150

160

160

150

Mar.

150 i f\n

tyftK

oifl

ofic

280

ocn

ICC

210

210

220

99ft

330

310

310

280

295

280

250

220

310

210

280

265

Apr.

Olfi

280

fian

960

840

QQA

345

0,1 C

Ann

400

1,020

1,610

2,410

9 fl^fl

1,230

780

636

680

680

636

636

680

595

456

382

382

346

296

312

312

May

9ft (1

280

265

f)O.K

ocn

9^fl

OCA

OAK

OK A

250

250

250

9Qfl

265

250

312

364

280

280

265

250

250

222

209

196

195

209

June

1 0Q

1 Qfi

999

222

IQfi

OrtQ

 mo

1QC

250

196

9AQ

196

209

183

222

236

265

222

222

222

312

280

250

236

222

July

209

209

100

100

999

574

574

OflC

222

296

265

OCfi

999

222

209

222

196

183

183

198

196

209

209

236

188

196

209

196

209

Aug.

IftQ

IQfi

170

IQfl

IftQ

170

170

170

OOfl

209

170

170

170

170

170

1QQ

196

195

183

183

183

183

183

183

183

198

183

196

Sept.

196

236

196

236

999

222

999

1QA

170

183

170

1SJO

IftQ

 too

183

183

209

209

9IKJ

209

183

170

183

183

196

209

209

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dee. 5 to Apr. 8.

Monthly discharge of Waupaca River near Waupaca, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 305 square miles]

Month

May j

July....... _ . . .. .. . . ...

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

236 

296 

296 

185 

170 

330 

2,410 

364 

312 

574 

236 

236

2,410

Minimum

196 

196 

135 

115 

115 

150 

210 

196 

158 

183 

170 

170

115

Mean

209 

237 

205 

155 

149 

252 

697 

257 

219 

239 

185 

199

250

Per square 

mile

0.685 

' .777 

.672 

.508 

.489 

.826 

2.29 

.843 

.718 

.784 

.607 

.652

.820

Run-off 

in inches

0.79

.87 

.77 

.59 

.51 

.95 

2.56 

.97 

.80 

.90 

.70 

.73

11.14
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN

SHEBOYGAN RIVER NEAR SHEBOYGAN, WIS.

LOCATION. In see. 28, T. 15 N., R. 23 E., 2 miles west of Sheboygan, Sheboygan County, and 2J^ mites above mouth.

DRAINAGE AREA. 403 square miles (measured on Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey map, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 30, 1916, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to upstream side of bridge; read by Wilma Opgenorth.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. From highway bridge or by wading. At extreme 

flood stages measurement may be made from Chicago & North Western 

Railway Bridge, one-third mile downstream.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Control is a well-defined rime 200 feet below bridge. 

Stream bed composed of heavy gravel, free from aquatic growth. Banks 

are of medium height and are rarely overflowed.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year^ 7.5 feet at 

8.30 a. m. April 5 (discharge, 3,800 second-feet). Minimum discharge, 5 

second-feet January 5 and 6 (stage-discharge relation affected by ice).

1916-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 9.40 feet at 7 a. m. March 26, 1920 

(discharge, 7,140 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.48 feet at 4.30 p. m. August 27, 1922, caused by shutdown of power plants (discharge, about 1 

second-foot).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. Operation of small power plants upstream causes a small amount 

of diurnal fluctuation at low stages.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation fairly permanent. Rating curve well defined throughout the range of stage occurring during the year. Gage read 

to hundredths twice daily; slight diurnal fluctuation during low-water periods 

probably impairs the accuracy of the mean daily gage height. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table except 

as indicated in footnote to table of daily discharge. Open-water records 

good; winter records poor.

Discharge measurements of Sheboygan River near Sheboygan, Wis., during the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 7

Dec. 20

Made by 

S. B. Soute..... ........

. _ .do. __ . ._..__ 

.....do.................

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.05

 2.26

5.63

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

49.5

OQ ft

2,010

Date

Aug. 18

Made by Gage 

height

Feet 

2.10

1.87

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

59.8

16

Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
84 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in secondrfeet, of Sheboygan River near Sheboygan, Wis., for the 

year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1. .............

2 ___ . .......

3 ..............

4 _____ . .....

5 __ . .........

6 ..............

7- .............

 8.. .........

9 __ ..... .....

10 __ . ......

11 __ . .........

12 __ . _ , _ . .

13.... ..........

14. __ . _ . ....

15 ..............

16 ..............

17 

18......... .....

19 ______ . ...

20 __ . __ . ...

21 __ ..... __ .

22 ..............

23..... __ .. ...

24. . ___ . ...

25 ..............

26 __ . .........

27 __ . .........

28........- ..

29 ..............

30 _______ .

31.... .......

Oct.

60

46

52

58

70

58

AQ

70

66

46

74

74

84

60

68

66

76

62

66

62

62

49

64

48

54

44

56

58

44

72

64

Nov.

70

38

109

Qq

68

si

74

72

66

66

74

72

72

Sd

104

68

56

68

66

76

101

74

79

OK

46

48

44

58

62

66

Dec.

4S

79

4ft

70

Iftft

ft*

75

40

20

40

30

30

20

15

25

25

20

25

An

25

25

40

55

55

15

20

104n

45

40

40

Jan.

55

65

75

55

5

5

20

15

20

30

30

25

10

20

15

10

25

25

20

25

55

55

An

30

40

40

40

40

100

Feb.

85'

55

55

85

100

45

20

30

40

25

40

25

40

40

40

25

30

25

30

40

40

30

55

45

40

75

125

45

Mar.

610

Apr.

,

I 610

2,400

3,800

3,700

3,300

2,760

2,850

3,030

2,760

2,760

1,950

1,150

1,150

905

795

690

690

590

640

540

428

640

193

158

201

May

165

IdS

145

126

126

118

Q9

96

115

120

74

79

62

66

88

120

88

7O

112

204

201

186

168

152

IdS

101

86

QA

79

60

June

66

KQ

70

44

46

52

62

66

Sd

41

46

43

46

40

46

43

49

64

46

68

60'

43

43

9S

44

41

88

56

46

July

35

41

35

62

46

qc

46

51

52

51

44

51

44

33

41

37

26

JO

43

43

33

26

28

017

34

37

33

26

qq

29

29

Aug.

37

qo

51

41

33

33

2907

32

51

41

 40

30

29

32

26

40

23

30

24

58

18

35

26

123

54

34

37

68

40

37

Sept.

40

KQ

43

38

41

39

43

51

qo

35

qq

37

32

34

24

44

21

flo

44

52

68

68

41

48

51

44

44

37

56

54

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 5 to Apr. 3. Gage not read Mar. 1 to Apr. 3. Daily 

discharge, Dee. 5 to Feb. 28, determined from gage heights corrected for effect of ice by means of one discharge measurement, observer's notes, and weather records. Mean discharge, Mar. 1 to Apr. 3, estimated 

 by comparison with discharge of Milwaukee River. Braced figures show mean discharge for periods 

indicated.

Monthly discharge of Sheboygan River near Sheboygan, Wis., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 403 square miles]

Month

July - . .....

September __ -.-... . 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

84 

109 

100 

100 

125

3,800 

204 

88 

62 

123 

68

3,800

Minimum

44 

35 

10 

5 

20

158 

60 

28 

26 

18 

21

5

Mean

60.7 

69.7 

39.9 

33.7 

47.5 

610 

1,450 

116 

52.3 

38.9 

39.4 

43.8

216

Per square 

mile

0.151 

.173 

.099 

.084 

.118 

1.51 

3.60 

.288 

.130 

.097 

.098 

.109

.536

Run-off in 

inches

0.17

a»

.11 

.10 

.12 

1.74 

4.02 

.33 

.14 

.11 

.11 

.12

7.26
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN" 35

MILWAUKEE RIVER NEAR MILWAUKEE, WIS.

LOCATION. In NW. J^ sec. 5, T. 7 N., R. 22 E., immediately above an old 

quarry near north limits of Milwaukee, Milwaukee County, half a mile below 

concrete highway bridge, 1 mile above Mineral Spring road, and 5J^ miles 

above confluence of Milwaukee and Menominee Rivers.

DRAINAGE AREA. 661 square miles (measured on Wisconsin Geological and 

Natural History Survey map, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch = 6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 30, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Slope gage set in concrete foundations on left bank of river; prior to 

April 18, 1918, chain gage fastened to cantilever arms supported by posts. 

Both gages at same datum. Gage read by Mrs. Richard Kuehl,

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of channel at gage heavy gravel. About 200 feet 

below gage is a rock outcrop, affording a 4-foot fall which forms the control 

and is permanent. Below the control the river flows in an artificial channel, which at one time was a quarry. Left bank above and below the control high and not subject to overflow; right bank above control of medium 

height; below the control the right bank is artificial and of such height as 

to be seldom overflowed.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made by wading immediately above gage; at high 

stages from a railroad bridge one-fourth mile below gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.7 feet at 

3 p. m. April 7 (discharge, 6,820 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 0.39 

foot several times August 18-20 (discharge, 38 second-feet).

1914-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 9 feet March 20, 1918 (discharge, 

15,100 second-feet, revised); minimum discharge recorded, about 26 secondfeet August 2, 1916.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. No diurnal fluctuation at gage resulting from operation of small 

plants above.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined 

throughout range of stage which occurred during the year. Gage read to 

quarter-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean 

daily gage height to rating table except as shown in footnote to table of 

daily discharge. Open-water records excellent; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Milwaukee River near Milwaukee, Wis., during the year

ending September 80,1928

Date

Oct. 8

Dec. 21

Apr. 8

Made by '

S. B. Soulfi. ___ .....

..,..do .................

__ do .................

Gage 

height

Feel 

0.66 .87

4.86

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

ss

62

5,240

Date

Alia 17

Made by 

S. B. Souie..........' 

Gage 

height

Feet 

0.80

.45

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

121

45.4

> Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
36 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Milwaukee River near Milwaukee, Wis., for the 

year ending September SO, 1923

Day

I.... ..... 

3. ----- ~

6 .. 

6.. ____ ..

7. ____ -

10.. 

11 

12 

13 . 

14 ___ . __ ....

15 

16... 

17.. - 

18..- 

19 __ .. ____ .

20.. __ .. 

21.. __ ..... ...

22.. __ .. _ ...

23 

24 . 

25.. _ ... ......

26. _______ .

27.. __ . ___ ..

28.. _ . __ . ...

9Q

30 __ .. ........

31 . 

Oct.

99

so

73

IdP.

114

67

175

87

80

148

167

137

114

145

137

14fl

137

130

105

99

118

105

118

114

99

99

105

114

175

Nov.

188

ion

105

167

175

167

167

217

208

188

1QQ

1S8

208

230

323

275

o eo

ORO

323

298

230

230

208

275

252

175

208

167

252

208

Dec.

175

208

243

208

87

167

TOO

ion

190

85

KK

7c

65

85

75

75

7K

40

75

KK

55

55

55

85

100

75

115

100

100

115

Jan.

150 ion

OR

130

115

inn

130

i^ft

1 1 K

115

115

115

130

250

115

i ^n

165

190

130

150

130

130

150

150

130

150

130

130

Feb.

250

115

115

100

100

75

75

165

130

130

115

85

100 iop

130

130

130

150

130

130

100

115

150

230

550

855

1,100

Mar.

1,100

1,540

1,720

2,410

2,680

2,410

1,320

1,430

1,320

900

490

520

318

270

948

270

270

318

270

248

270

855

900

900

730

655

364

810

655

Apr.

552

585

2,830

5,200

4,990

5,200

4,990

3,640

2,680

2,410

2,280

2,020

1,600

1,430

2,280

2,410

1,600

1,320

900

810

810

770

730

655

520

520

460

420

376

May

280

289

280

243

230

226

226

221

212

208

208

188

167

160

118

364

280

338

432

730

810

692

420

392

270

226

208

234

196

160

145

June

121

92

124

152

171

270

338

432

409

392

234

188

152

145

T34

92

77

71

1,160

392

308

270

226

105

87

71

134

167

134

124

July

118

92

97

92

82

75

87

92

92

80

105

94

82

71

71

55

61

80

73

71

61

52

45

97

80

75

105

105

97

75

75

Aug..

75

71

97

89

71

80

07

69

61

52

67

55

49

61

73

55

49

38

41

38

67

55

55

52

45

52

71

87

80

75

71

Sept.

75

73

71

71

80

89

102

118

118

121

97

75

75

92

94

67

52

82

63

?39

318

208

188

188

145

118

111

118

108

92

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 8 to Feb. 26. Daily discharge determined from 

gage heights corrected for effect of ice by means of one discharge measurement, observer's notes, and 

weather records.

Monthly discharge of Milwaukee. River near Milwaukee, Wis., for the year ending

September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 661 square miles]

Month

October _______ ___ . ____ .. __

April... .. .. _.. .

July . . __ ....

The year..... _ . ___________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

175 

323 

243 

250 

1,100 

2,680 

6,820 

810 

1,160 

118 

97 

318

6,820

Minimum

67 

105 

40 

85 

75 

248 

376 

118 

71 

45 

38 

52

38

ea

120. 

215 

106 

140 

202 

964 

2,060 

295 

226 

81.8 

64.5 

115

381

Per square 

mile

0.182 

.325 

.160 

.212 

.306 

1.46 

3.12 

.446 

.342 

.124 

.098 

.174

.576

Run-oft 

in inches

0.21 

.36 

.18 

.24 

.32 

1.68 

3.48 

.51 

.38 

.14 

.11 

.19

7.80
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN 37 

LITTLE CALUMET BI7EB AT HARVEY, ILL.

LOCATION. In NW. M sec. 9, T. 36 N., R. 14 E., at Illinois Central Railroad 

bridge, 800 feet north of railroad station at One hundred and forty-seventh 

Street, Harvey, Cook County, and 11 miles above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE AREA. 570 square miles (measured on map issued by United States 

Geological Survey; scale, 1: 500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. Daily discharge, October 1, 1916, to September 30, 1923. 

Daily gage heights collected by Sanitary District of Chicago, June 10, 1907, 

to September 30, 1916.

GAGE. Vertical staff gage attached to bridge pier; read by Mrs. H. Wurtman.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge 2,000 feet below gage 

or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of river composed of clay and gravel. Lowwater control gravel and boulders; shifts occasionally. Banks not subject 

to overflow.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 7.35 feet at 

8 a. m. September 3 (discharge, 1,840 second-feet); minimum stage, 2.96 

feet July 24-26 and August 2 and 3 (discharge, 51 second-feet).

1907-1923: Maximufn stage recorded, 13.4 feet March 6, 1908 (discharge 

not determined). Minimum discharge from 1917 to 1922, estimated at less 

than 25 second-feet in January, 1918.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent during year except 

as affected by ice. Rating curve well defined. Gage read to hundredths 

once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to 

rating table except as shown in footnote to table of daily discharge. Openwater records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Little Calumet River at Harvey, III., during the year 

ending September 80, 1923

[Made by H. E. Qrosbach]

Date

Jan. 23 __________________________________________ .

Feb. 8 _______________ ..... ____ . ___ ..... __ .......... __ .. ...

May 17 __ .. .... _. _______ . ______ .... .... _ . 

Gage 

height

Feet 

"3.29

 3.40

5.68

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

102

87.1

911

Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. 

72038 26f WSP 564 4
38 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Little Calumet River at Harvey, IU., for the year 

ending September, 30, 1923

Day

1. ___ . ___

2. _ . _____

3 __ ..... __ .

4 __ . _____

5 ____ .. .....

6 _____ . .....

7 ____ . ___ .

8......... .....

9. ___ . ......

10..............

11 __ ..... .....

J2..............

13 __ .... ......

14. _ ..... ..._.

15..............

16. ___ .. .....

17. ___ . ......

18. _ ..... .....

19 ...........

20..............

21 __ . .........

22......... _ ..

23..............

24 ..............

25..............

26..............

27. _ . _ . .....

28..............

29. __ :. ......

30. ___ .. __ .

31..............

Oct.

56

56

56

56

56

56

63

70

73

81

146

134

110

123

123

119

104

104

100

100

92

100

100

92

92

100

96

92

92

as

Nov.

88

100

92

96

100

108

100

100

104

108

104

100

152

157

146

139

139

159

139

125

125

123

123

100

108

112

100

112

Dec.

104

116

112

146

139

. 157

169

146

139

115

Jan.

110

Feb.

100

230

Mar.

341

468

431

358

324

341

376

QQ4

376

431

431

1.130

1,420

815

770

1,570

1,040

680

1,040

860

860

905

860

815

770

770

725

680

680

635

Apr.

590

590 e;Qn

590

548

508

508

KflR

468

468

431

431

394

376

341

324

308

262

234

234

220

207

194

194

181

157

146

134

123

May

123

102

96

96

92

84

84

84

92

92

141

292

262

770

1,040

770

770

815

860

860

815

770

770

725

680

680

635

590

June

.590 '548

508

508

468

431

815

680

590

508

468

431

412

376

358

324 '292

277

248

220

. 181

157

123

108

88

81

73

88

92

88

July

84

84

77

81

146

112

134

123

116

112

108

104

92

88

82

73

73

70

66

63

59

53

52

51

51

51

56

59

56

53

53

Aug.

53

51

51

59

70

, 7?

88

1 134

' 181

146

815

1,130

680

508

431

341

308

277

248

234

234

181 tsr

139

123

108

ISO

20,7

194

181

194

Sept.

2or

220

1,840

1,040

680

548

636

590

548

508

-»»

590

548

508

508

1 46&

431

431

431

431

431

412

394

376

341

324

309

292

277

262

NOTE. Discharge estimated Dec. 12 to Feb. 28, on account of ice, from gage-height record, discharge 

measurements, observer's notes, and weather records. Braced figures show mean discharge for periods 

indicated.

Monthly discharge of Little Calumet River at Harvey, III., for the year ending

September 80, 1923

[Drainage area, 570 square miles]

Month

October _______ ___ . .........

November __________ . ___ ......

December ___________________

January- __________ _____ __ ....

February _ __ ...... _ ................

April... _____________ . __ . ........

May _____ _____ .. ...........

June ______________ ....

July ... __ . -.- .-.______.._...__. ......

August . ______ . .......................

The year ______ _________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

146 

157

1,570 

590 

1,040 

815 

146 

1,130 

1,840

1,840

Minimum

56 

88

324 

123 

84 

73 

51 

51 

207

51

Mean

91.8 

116 

123 

110 

170 

726 

356 

459 

338 

80.1 

249 

503

277

Per square 

mile

0. 161 

.204 

.216 

.193 

.298 

1.27

!593 

.141 

.437 

.882

.486

Run-oft 

in Inches0. 1» 

.23 

.25 

.22 

.31 

1.46 

.70 

.9% 

.66 

.16 

.50 

.98

6.5»
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, .PART IV 39

STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE &URON

TITTABAWASSEE RIVER AT FREELAND, MICE.

LOCATION. At highway bridge at Freeland.

DRAINAGE AREA. .2,530 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 22,1903, to December 31, 1909; January 1,1912,

to September 30, 1923. 

COOPERATION^* Daily-discharge record furnished by G. S. Williams, consulting

engineer, Ann Arbor, Mich.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tittabawassee River at Freeland, Mich., for th * 

year ending September 30, 1933

Day

1 ____ ...

2 _______

3.... ____

5 ______

6 _______

7 ___ .. ...

8 ._..____

9- ______

10- .......

11. ..........

12 ...........

13. ..........

14 _______

15 _______

16 ...........

17.. .........

18...... __ .

19. ..........

20. ____ ...

21- __ ..

22...........

23. _____

24...... __ .

25

26...........

27 __ . __ .

28. _ . .._.

29. _____ .

30...........

31. ..........

Get!

646

786

930

700

675

675

700

930

1,240

1,600

1,600

1,560

1,520

1,600

1,600

1,520

1,450

1,340

1,110

960

930

900

870

900

870

815

930

960

990

Nov.

990

930

1,020

1,050

1,270

1,410

1,300

1,270

1,240

1,200

1,200

1,240

1,200

1,170

1,110

1,080

1,050

1,080

1,110

1,140

1 140

1,140

1,170

1 140

1 1Af\

'1,110

1,100

1,080

1,080

Dee.

1,110

1,200

1,240

1 240

1,270

1,600

1,760

1,760

1,660

1,520

1,300

1,240

1,130

1,110

1,110

1,110

1,080

1,020

1,000

983

967

928

866

858

787

838

787

17 en

Jan.

787

838

804

787

750

987

928

838

804

787

750

750

770

770 707

804

804

787

821

866

928

866

QQO

 7017

7C|V

770

770

750

750

Feb.

750

858

804

750

700

718

750

770

750

770

770

750

750 750-

718

663

648

648

71 B

735

735

750

770

770

1707

o/u

CfiA

821

Mar.

1,600

1,740

3,480

6,360 in Qflfi

11,400

9,760

8,700

8,100

6,360

5,480

5,800

6,360

6,590

6,360

5,800

6,590

9,320

8,340

8,520

8,700

8 7(1(1

9,320

10,700

9 760

 7 *flft

6,700

6,140.

5,280

4,750

Apr.

4 250

5,800

6,750

7,500

8,100

9,140

9,320

13,200

14 400

13,700

12,500

11,400

9,660

8,700

7,500

6, 930 ,

6,590

6,540

,6,360

6,250

6,140

5,860

5,530

5,280

5,120

3,760

3,150

2,840

2,660

2,570'

May

2,570

o Af\f)

2,320

9 9QA

2 ion

1,980

1,980

1 Q4rt

i Qfift

o TAfl

o Q9A

2,740

2,570

2,570

2 74ft

4 OKA

R inn

If. QAA

19 VM1

9,660

14,400

16,800

9 320

8, 460

S

OQfl

4,750

4,150

3,760

3,480

3,150

2 400

June

2,060

1 940

1,820

1 7ftft

1 YfcA

1 &9A

1 QAft

2,320

9 970

2 230

2 fWi

1,820

t 7ym

1,670

1 600

1J560

1,520

1 480

1,450

1,600

1 74ft

1,480

1 240

1,140

930

900

900

July

G7A

870

845

785

930

1 240

1,240

1,080

990

870

760

700

646

592

646

786

760

730

700

646

566

540

566

592

592

620

566

540

465

Aug.

489

K1Q

Aon

489

489

AQQ

-d.fi ^

416

416

416

234

234

01 ft

128

128

19ft

128

19C

 154

234

358

529

588

EDO

*9O

4S 1

566

646

700

675

Sept.

646

620

7Aft

cxin

1,170

930

oon

1,080

930

Qnn

870

815

760

730

700

700

646

620

646

675

700

675

646

646

fid.fi

646

646

620

620

592
SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART

Monthly discharge of Tittabawassee River at Freeland, Mich.,for the year ending

September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 2,530 square miles]

Month

April .. ..- - 

June _______________________

July . . _ . . .......

August _________________

September __________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,600 

1,410 

1,760 

967 

858 

11,400 

14,400 

16,800 

2,320 

1,240 

700 

1,170

16,800

Minimum

646 

930 

750 

750 

648 

1,600 

2,570 

1,900 

900 

465 

128 

592

128

Mean

1,060 

1,140 

1,130 

807 

750 

7,140 

7,250 

5,260 

1,660 

741 

408 

749

2,350

Per square 

,. mile

0.419 

.451 

.447 

.319 

.296 

" 2,82 

2.' 87 

2.08 

.656 

.293 

.161 

.296

.929

Bun-ofl in 

inches

0.48 

.50 

.52 

.37 

.31 

3.25 

3,20 

2.40 

.73 

.34 

.19 

.33

12.62

NOTE. Monthly and yearly discharge computed by engineers of U. S. Geological Survey from dailydischarge record furnished by G. S. Williams, consulting engineer, Ann Arbor, Mich.

STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ERIE

HURON BIVER AT BARTON, MICH.

LOCATION. At dam and power plant of Eastern Michigan Edison Co. at Barton 

near Ann Arbor.

DRAINAGE AREA. 723 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 1, 1914, to September 30, 1923.

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE. JFlow computed from records of operation of 

power plant, the flow through undersluice during floods, and the depth of 

flow over dam. The flow through the power house is determined from a 

calibration of the turbines by means of a specially constructed weir, the crest 

of which was formed by a ^ by 5 inch milled plate, the discharge over the 

weir being computed by Bazin's formula for free overflow. The greater 

part of the flood water passes through undersluices in the power-house foundations, and this flow is determined from a weir calibration of the sluices. 

Water flows over crest of dam only a few days during year.

COOPERATION. Daily-discharge record furnished by G. S. Williams, consulting 

engineer, Ann Arbor, Mich.
LAKE ERIE' 41

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Huron River at Barton, Mich., for the year 

ending September SO, 1928

Day

1 ________

2 ____ . ___

3 _ . _ ... __

4 _________

5 __ _ .. __ .

6.. .........

7.......... _ .

8. _ .... __ .

9 _ . __ ......

10 __ . _____ .

11 _________

12 _ .... ___ .

13. 

14. ___ ........

15.. ......

16 ____ .. __ .

17. _______

18 ________

19. ___ .. ....

20. ____ . __ .

21 ..............

22 ..............

23 ..............

24..............

25.. ... 

26 _____

27 . ....... 

28 ____ . .....

29 __ . .........

30 __

31 ____ -. .

Oct.

14fl

142

140

146

141

215

156

139

161

207

148

185

182

184

185

192

178

170

162

197

151

174

159

160

171

173

197

109

197

174

Nov.

171

162

160

196

151

208

186

183

185

186

182

164

190

212

195

201

197

259

136

199

185

200

185

189

197

155

201

199

187

161

......

Dec.

181

199

167

193

185

184

188

186

187

187

134

169

188

182

167

172

167

184

183

178

184

157

184

191

204

191

183

200

195

Jan.

198

204

91 fi

194

157

919

212

197

190

294

178

203

193

124

236

176

212

199

203

192

226

261

197

192

186

206

202

207

Feb.

01O

195

9 co

147

207

182

182

185

191

114

181

193

174

153

189

34

205

186

169

153

153

191

39

240

312

453

Mar.

-Mf

4OQ

JWQ

849

QAO

831

849

787

789

745

7QA

QO4.

1,010

930

921

1,160

1,050

986

937

856

883

919

862

770

736

673

688

575

497

542

Apr.

ylQO

457

428

528

582

614

fid.0

fi47

534

545

K7Q

^ft7

457

471

475

488

467

482

370

388

385

386

365

349

336

324

347

283

326

May

go c

OCO

900

265

254

267

202

f)AQ

90*1

242

QAQ

OftO

261

326

376

480

503

545

540

532

498

493

440

411

373

303

283

279

220

OK7

June

232

244

101

228

236

164

210

255

9O9

175

210

190

166

169

171

146 idn

141

151

147

219

129

113

67

140

127

130

149

130

122

July

6

19R

07

51

115

104

114

inn

Q9

194

TOR

152

141

141

165

140

159

163

138

144

211

53

144

142

133

115

138

106

51

153

153

Aug.

147

140

155

6

142

TOO

108

71

6

130

121

122

55

6

110

85

94

84

83

47

6

96

78

77

85

79

Sept.

70

6

6

87

7Q

' on

Of)

Qft

79

90

104 inq

1(19

101 in

6

1O9

130

107

168

250

246

214

226

169

183

204

185

208

162

Monthly discharge of Huron River at Barton, Mich., for the year ending September

SO, 19%3

[Drainage area, 723 square miles]

Month

July ___________ . ______ .. 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

215 

259 

218 

294 

453 

1,230 

647 

545 

255 

211 

155 

250

1,230

Minimum

109 

136 

134 

124 

34 

444 

283 

198 

67 

6 

6 

6

6

Mean

168 

186 

183 

201 

188 

824 

458 

337 

167 

125 

93.4 

125

255

Per square 

mile

0.232 

.257 

.253 

.278 

.260 

1.14 

.633 

.466 

.231 

.173 

.129 

.173

.353

Run-off in 

inches

a 27

!32 

.27 

1.31 

.71 

.54 

.26 

.20 

.15 

.19

4.80

NOTE. Monthly and yearly discharge computed by engineers of U. S. Geological Survey from dailydischarge record furnished by G. S. Williams, consulting engineer, Ann Arbor, Mich.
42 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV 

MAUMEE RIVER AT ANTWERP, OHIO

LOCATION. At highway bridge 1 mile north of Antwerp, Paulding County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,130 square miles (area in Ohio measured on topographic 

maps, area in Michigan on United States Geological Survey map of Michigan, and area in Indiana on General Land Office map).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 1, 1921, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage on highway bridge; read by H. G. Carr.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge at gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for 500 feet above and below gage. 

One channel at all stages. Left bank high; right bank fairly high. Control for low water is rock and gravel riffle about half a mile below gage; 

control for high water is long stretch of river below gage. Zero flow would 

occur at zero gage height.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during the year, 16.5 feet 

at 7.40 a. m. March 18 (discharge, 14,400 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.10 

feet October 3-6 (discharge, 145 second-feet).

1921-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 16.8 feet at 7.30 a. m. April 2,1922 

(discharge, 14,700 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.08 feet at 6 p. m. September 9, 1921 (discharge, 133 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. None.

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except when affected by ice. 

Rating curve well defined. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily 

discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table 

except as shown in footnote to table of daily discharge. Open-water records 

good; winter records fair.

The following discharge measurement was made by F. R. Morgan: 

August 20, 1923: Gage height, 1.77 feet; discharge, 344 second-feet.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ERIE 43

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Maumee River at Antwerp, Ohio, for the year

ending September SO, 1923

Day

1... .........

2 .........

3. _ . .......

4 .........

5 __ . ....

6. ...........

7.. __ .....

8. ...........

8............

10............

11 ............

12. ...........

13. __ .......

14 ...........

15 .. __ ...

16 ............

17 ............

18-. ......

19. ___ .....

20 

21 ............

22 . __ .

23.. .......

24 _______

25.T ..........

26 ______.

27 

28... .........

29 ___ ...... 30: ...........

31. ____ ....

Oct.

150

147

id*

145

145

14.K

167

194

248

248

234

220

234

945J

220

220

207

194

194

194

182

182

182

194

194

182

182

182.

182

1 fcO

ICO

Nov.

182

182

207

207

234

207

194

194

194

194

194

194

207

207

207

220

220

207

207

194

207

207

194

194

182

Dec.

IQd

194

ICO

182

207

248

248

263

278

324

324

324

308

978

278

'9d

324

308

278

97ft

278

278

263

263

263

293

610

1,200

2,' 370

2,090

Jan.

3,500

3,680

3,070

2,020

1,680

1,440

1,140

940

840

655

700

840

700

2,670

4,400

4,130

2,910

2,370

2,370

2,370

2,440

2,300

1,680

1,560

1,440

1,200

990

1,140

1,810

1,560

Feb.

1,950

2,910

3,230

2,750

1,800

1,000

Mar.

[ 3, 100

3,770

4,800

4,900

3,680

2,990

2,300

3,410

5,300

7,930

10,900

11,000

9,900

12, 100

14,100

14, 200

13,300

10,500

8,260

4,600

3,150

2,830

2,440

2,300

2,020

1,620

1,260

1,040

Apr.

890

790

74.K

745

745

9 ^Qft

3,860

3,500

2,990

2,670

2,230

1,740

1,380

1,140

990

890

890

840

840

700

745

700

655

610<

565

525

485

485

465

445

May

428

428

OQO

358

324

308

308

308

324

324

1,040

3,320

4,220

d. dfifl

11,000

11,900

11,600

10, 500

7,710

5,100

2,830

1,950

1,560

1,260

990

880

745

610

KAC

485

June

4,4. K

OQO

358

340

324

340

340

340

358

358

428

392

392

358

324

324

308

278

263

234

234

220

207

194

194

182

182

194

July

OA7

207

207

410

510

610

565

745

1,740

2,020

1,380

1,040

745

790

610

428

340

293

263

, 220

263

248

234

428

840

Td.%

655

Aug.

445

340

308

QQO

07 K

655

465

340

234

9S4

207

248

263

248

655

565

428

308

278

248

207

194

182

169

182

220

293

308

9.48

Sept.

248

OftO

OftQ

410

OKO

QJft

485

525

4,4. e

QJA

QftQ

263

9^4.

207

IftO

109

IfiQ

207

410

Qdfl

1 'oon 040

745

565

428

375

324

263

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Feb. 5 to Mar. 3; discharge estimated from study of 

observer's notes, weather records, and records of flow at near-by points. Braced figures show mean 

discharge for periods indicated.

Monthly discharge of Maumee River at Antwerp, Ohio, for the year ending September

SO, 1923

, : [Drainage area, 2,130 square miles]

Month

April........................................

July ........................ ................

September __________ .... _ . _ . ...

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

248 

234 

2,370 

4,400 

3,230 

14,200 

3,860 

11,900 

445 

2,020 

655 

1,040

14,200

Minimum

145

182 

182 

655

1,040 

445 

308 

182 

. 194 

169 

169

145

Mean

191 

201 

436 

1,960 

1,590 

5,720 

1,230 

2,790 

304 

568 

325 

400

1,320

Per square 

mile

0.089 

.094 

.205 

.920 

.746 

2.69 

.577 

1.31 

.143 

.267 

.153 

.188

f.620

Bun-off in 

inches

0.10 

.10 

.24 

1.06 

.78 

3.10 

.64 

1.51 

.16 

.31 

.18 

.21

8.39
44 SUEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

MAUMEE RIVER AT WATERVULE, OHIO

LOCATION. At highway bridge at Waterville, Lucas County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 6,310 square miles (area in Ohio measured on topographic 

maps, area in Michigan on United States Geological Survey map of Michigan, and area in Indiana on General Land Office map).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 19, 1898, to December 31, 1901, and August 26, 

1921, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage on highway bridge; read by John Rhodes.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge at gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Stream bed is rock ledge. One channel at all stages. 

Channel straight for half a mile above and below gage. Island one-eighth mile 

above gage. Control permanent. Zero flow would occur at gage height 1 

foot.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice during severe winters.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum combined discharge of river and canal during year, 39,000 second-feet March 18; minimum combined daily discharge, 

345 second-feet December 5.

1921-1923: Maximum combined discharge of river and canal, 41,700 second-feet April 2, 1922; minimum combined discharge, 299 second-feet September 8, 1921.

REGULATION. Flow at extremely low water may be affected by regulation of 

Auglaize River at dam of Defiance Gas & Electric Co., near Defiance.

DIVERSIONS. Water is diverted into Miami and Erie Canal at Grand Rapids 

and carried past station. For record of this diversion, see page 53.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent; not seriously affected by ice. 

Rating curve well defined up to 25,000 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths 

once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to 

rating table. Records good except those for winter which a,re fair owing to 

possible ice effect.

Discharge measurements of Maumee River at Waterville, Ohio, during the year ending September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 3

6

May 12

Made by 

E. E. R. Dornbaeh. __

. .do. -. ........

.....do. __ ... ..

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.52

1.46

4.31

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

75.9

59.2

6,220

Date

Aug. 1

2

15

Made by 

__ do .

Qage 

height

Feet 

2.04

1.94

1.92

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

596

473

397
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO, LAKE ERIE 45

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Maumee ^River at Waterville, Ohio, for the year 

ending September, SO, 1923

Day

1 ___ ...

2 ___ . ...

3 ___ ...

4 ___ ...

5. _ ...

6 ____ ..

7 ...

8 ...

 8- __ ...

10 ...

11 ____ .

12 __ . _ .

13-.- 

14 ____ ..

15 ____ .

16.........

17.........

18.........

19- ...

20 ____ .

21 .........

22.........

23.........

24.........

25. ____ .

26 .........

27 ____ .

28... __ ..

29.........

30... __ ..

31.........

Oct.

89

75

60

so

67

63

99

50

67

118

70

80

80

QA

89

99

108

80

70

68

70

80

80

80

80

89

. 70

89

67

Nov.

on

108

Of)

cn

67

99

53

on

70

67

53

70

56

G(\

62

63

CO

62

67

56

56

63

60

62

108

62

60

63

70

50

Dec.

56

CO

p.f\

57

53

56

CO

108

60

070.

99

70

QQ

184.

412

650

496

472

460

496

460

448

424

219

184

184

200

1,740

8,130

8,130

Jan.

14 400

10 >Tf)A

n oon

4,870

4 060

3 run

3,600

9 7Sn

3,310

9 ftfin

7 fiQft

20,900

99 ftftfl

13,100

12,400

8,580

7,250

9,960

11,400

8,580

5,990

4,530

4,530

2,530

2,290

5,990

6,820

Feb.

a

CArt

11,400

12 400

Q ft4A

4,870

4,060

9 01 ft

9 ^Rft

9 ftfift

1,180

3,310

10 400

12,800

10,400

8,130

3,040

2,910

2,180

1,950

1,180

1,450

1,740

1,950

2,660

Mar.

3 040

4,530

4, 210

7,690 19 snn

13 400

n OATk

8,580

6 400

6,400

H QAA

01 AAA

01 CAA

ofl rcAA

36,100

07 CAA

QA AAA

33, 800

29,900

is 9nn

13,900

10,900

11,900

10,900

8,580

6,820

5,230

3,600

3,310

9 9OO

Apr.

1,840

1 540

1* 270

1,360

2,410

11,900

17 600

16,000

12 400

c Rfift

3

A/IA

2,660

9 COA

2,180

2 060

1,360

1,270

1,270

1,460

880

1,270

1,100

1,070

972

850

706

424

May

424

734

SS7

276

007

276

400

OQC

one

134

3,310

4

Q7A

16, 500

19 800

32,100

36,700

34 4flo

26,500

19,800

14,400

9,960

5,990

3,460

2,530

1,840

2,060

1,450

1,360

1,170

790

June

940

762

572

448

379

CQQ

734

Otft

624

7Qft

OQA

Q79

400

q/ic

257

200

118

219

448

200

104

80

70

62

53

70

July

70

80

70

80

70

QA

QQ

108

80

2, 290

3, 040

2,410

1,740

3

QAA

1,170

i n4n

762

520

348

200

257

184

108

89

200

316

520

650

Aug.

CQC

AAQ

295

007

OKA

Q79

Ann

295

200

257

151

424

520

316

one

358

316

496

200

200

134

134

67

65

151

99

118

99

Sept.

99

QQ

99

89

QQ

on

184

1,180

QOA

496

276

Iflft

89

70

70

337

850

972

1,100

1,640

1,450

1,180

790

546

448

337

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Maumee River and Miami and Erie Canal at 

Waterville, Ohio, for the year ending September SO, 192S

April ...... .__._ .... __ ..................

July................;................ ...

August ______________ ... ....

September _____________ _ .........

Maximum

bined)

643

500

8,650

22,500

13,200

39,000

18,000

37,100

1,400

4,320

1.440

2,090

39,000

Minimum

bined)

377

354

345

2,570

1,620

2,580

860

531

476

435

488

464

345

River

81.7

68.0

804

8,280

5,160

15,400

3,690

7,840

429

667

319

501

3,620

Mean

Canal

359

328

400

472

441

281

386

410

428

438

448

420

401

Combined

441

396

1,200

8,750

5,610

15,700

4,070

8,250

857

1,100

767

921

4,020
46 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV 

TIFFIN RIVER NEAR STRIKER, OHIO

LOCATION. In sec. 17, T. 6 N., R. 4 E., at highway bridge 2 miles southwest of 

Stryker, Williams County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 450 square miles; revised (area in Ohio measured on topographic maps; area in Michigan on United States Geological Survey map, 

scale 1:1,000,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 1, 1921, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage on highway bridge; read by Lowell Allison.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for 400 feet above and below gage. 

One channel at all stages. Banks high and brushy. Control for low water 

is ruin of old timber milldam half a mile below, gage; control for high water 

is long stretch of river below gage. Zero flow would occur at zero gage 

height.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 12.2 feet at 

5.10p.m. March 17 (discharge, 1,840 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.13 

feet August 3 and 4, and 7.a. m. August 10 (discharge, 16 second-feet).

1921-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 13 feet at 5.30 p. m. April 1, 1922 

(discharge, 1,990 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.10 feet at 8.35 a.m. August 16, 1922 (discharge, 15 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACT. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by ice. Rating curve well defined. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. 

Records good except for period of ice effect, for which they are fair.

The following discharge measurement was made by F. R. Morgan: 

August 18, 1923: Gage height, 1.69 feet; discharge, 64.4 second-feet.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ERIE 47

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tiffin River near Stryker, Ohio, for the year ending

September SO, 1923

Day

1 _____ . __

2. _______ .

3 ______ . ...

4 __ .. ._ ...

5 _____ . ___

6 _________

7 __ . _____

8 __ - ........

9.. . .

10 ... .....

11.. _ - .....

12 _________

13 _ .- _____ .

14 ..............

15 _ . ..........

16. _ . .........

17.. __ . _

18. _______ .

19, _______

20 ____ . ...

21 ________

22........ ___ .

23 ____ . __ . ...

9A

25 ________

26 ..............

27. ... .......

28 -..., .....

29. .............

30,.. ...........

31 - ..........

Oct.

22

24

24

22

: 27

26

39

51

44

44

39

38

47

57

59

52

49

40

46

49

48

49

58

58

51

53

53

51

55

57

61

Nov.

46

61

72

78

78

78

72

72

72

72

66

66

66

66

72

83

78

78

83

83

78

72

72

66

66

66

66

56

60

61

Dec.

61

56

62

72

83

95

78

107

101

66

61

60

66

66

58

51

54

52

48

46

44

54

57

58

61

61

72

126

140

120

173

Jan.

588

556

305

187

140

173

126

83

89

89

101

66

72

89

126

290

396

201

335

380

412

396

350

166

140

120

107

107

101

Q<i

107

Feb.

187

380

556

508

200

1OU

72

201

588

705

Mar.

722

756

773

988

1,170

1,200

722

476

320

444

756

1,310

1,590

1,760

1,650

1,700

1,780

1,740

1,590

1,370

916

620

790

540

476

412

350

290

230

173

Apr.

133

152

152

173

275

654

826

671

492

365

320

275

215

201

230

260

230

187

159

146

140

133

120

107

107Q<;

101

95

so

May

78

78

72

72

66

72

66

59

66

66

78

95

140

133

572

1,020

1,170

1,020

722

671

688

492

320

215

166

146

120

107

95

95

78

June

72

66

59

60

47

89

215

245

215

187

126

101

89

78

72

78

215

72

53

52

4E

38

43

36

34

31

36

37

40

42

July

31

31

28

29

32

27

30

40

38

40

50

78

66

61

47

33

32

28

25

21

24

22

24

24

25

26

25

31

28

25

24

Aug.

18

21

16

16

120

83

39

25

22

18

19

556

773

844

396

187

83

61

53

42

34

29

28

26

24

22

28

30

29

37

39

Sept.

31

04

on

28

25

34

72

95

66

55

46

40

36

26

Oft

24

20

19

22

51

350

808

492

215

114

83

7a

72

89

95

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Feb. 5-24; discharge estimated from study of observer's 

notes, weather records, and records of flow of near-by streams. Braced figures indicate mean discharge 

for period indicated.

Monthly discharge of Tiffin River near Stryker, Ohio, for the year ending September

SO, 1928

, [Drainage area, 450 square miles]

Month

April ... __.., -.........._. .

June _____________ . __ . __ .... July. . .. .. .. ... .... . __ ..

September ...... __ , ___ . __ .^ ..........

The year _ -, ___ ._.*...*_. _______

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

61 

83 

173 

588

1,780 

826 

1,170 

245 

78 

844 

808

1,780

Minimum

22 

46 

44 

66

173 

89 

59 

31 

21 

16 

19

16

Mean

44.9 

70.2 

?4.5 

209 

239 

897 

243 

285 

85.9 

33.7 

120 

106

201

Per square 

mile

0.100 

.156 

.166 

.464 

.531 

1.99 

.540 

.633 

.191 

.075 

.267. 

.236

.447

Run-oft 

in inches

0.12 

.17 

.19 

.53 

.55 

2.29 

.60 

.73 

.21 

.09 

.31 

.26

- 6.05
48 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

ATTGIAIZE RIVER NEAR FORT JENNINGS, OHIO

LOCATION. SE. 34 sec. 15, T.,1 S., R. 5E., at highway bridge 3J^ miles northeast of Fort Jennings, Putnam County, and 6 miles by river above mouth 

of Ottawa River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 333 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 31, 1921, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage on highway bridge; read by G. S. Hedrick.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge at gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for 300 feet above and 1,000 feet below 

gage. Right bank high; left bank fairly high, subject to overflow at extremely high stages. One channel at all stages. Prior to October 29, 1922, 

control for low water was loose rock dam 800 feet below gage. On that date 

an opening was made in the center of the loose rock dam down to bedrock in 

order to lower pool at the gage and allow submerged quarry coffer dam 500 

feet below the gage to form contol for low water. Zero flow would occur at 

gage height 0.3 foot, from measurements made after pool was lowered.

EXTREMES OF STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during period of record, 15.6 

feet April 19, 1922; minimum discharge probably occurred October 4, 1921.

REGULATION. None.

DIVERSIONS. None.

ACCURACY. Gage read to hundredths once daily. Record reliable. Rating 

curve not yet developed for high water. Stage-discharge relation very 

unstable prior to October 29, 1922.

Discharge measurements of Auglaize River near Fort Jennings, Ohio, during the 

years ending September SO, 1921-19%S

Date

1921 

Aug. 31 Oct 26

1922

Mar. 13

17

May 1 

6

May 29

Made by 

Lamoureux and Lee .... 

.....do . ...........

E. E. R. Dornbach __ . 

.....do * .

.....do ............

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.40 

2.87

4.38

4.56

2.86 

3.48

A f£\

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

50.5 

51.3

536

596

161 

314

515

Date

1922 

June 3 

July 10

15

Aug. 23

1923 

May 8

Aug. 20

Made by 

E. E. R. Dornbacb .... 

 do .

_ ..do .................

E. E. R. Dornbach _ .

Gage 

height

Feet 

3.06 

2.98

4.73

2.20

1.55

1.81

1.39

Dis- ' 

charge

Sec.-ft. 185-

IRQ

505

43.6

41.5

62.6

31.4

Daily gage height, in feet, of Auglaize River near Fort Jennings, Ohio, for the period 

August 31, 1921, to September SO, 1923

Day

1921 

1 __ . .........

2 _____ . .....

3 _______ 

4 _____ .. ....

6- __ ... .....

6 _______ .

7 ,

8 ____ .

9 ___ __ . ...

10 ____ .

Aug. Sept.

2.40

2.30

2.28

2.08

2.10

2.20

2.12

2.18

2.32

Day

11 ___ .. .. ...

12 ______ ....

13. _____ . ...

14 _ .. _____ -

15 _____ .. ....

16 _____ . .....

17 ........ . 

18 ____ . .....

10

X ..............

Aug. Sept.

2.50

2.40

2.48

2.26

2.04

2.46

2.50

2.24

2.16

2.10

Day

21.. _ ... ...

22 __ . .. -

23.,.,...., - .

24 __ ....... 

25, . ... ...

' 26 .... ......

27,,.. _ ___

28 ___ . _ 

29 _______ -.

30. ________

31. ...........

Aug.

9 dn

Sept.

2.04

2.30

2.28

2.24

2.30

2.26

2.22

2.44

2.42

2.44
..STREAMS. TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ERIE 49

Daily gage height, in feet, ofAuglaize River near Fort Jennings, Ohio, for the period 

August 81, 1921, to September 30, 1928 Continued

Day

1921-22 

1. __ . ____ 

2 _

3 _______:

4. ____ .- _

5 __ . __ ....

6.... __ . .....

7 ________

8. ^

» . -. .

10 .:_

11 __ . __ ....

12. ____ ......

13. ____ . __

14..... .........

15..............

16..............

17 

18 . .

19..... _ . ....

20 - .

21. __ ..... ...

22 _____ . _ -

23. ___ ... _

24 _____ . ....

25........ ..

26 .........

27 

28... ...........

29.. .........

30 __ . __ ..... 

31 .........

1922-23 

1 ___ . ____

2 _______ ...

3... _ .. ___

4. . _ . .....

 5 ........

6 __ ..... ....

7 ..........

8 _ .. _____ .

9. _ . ____ .

10. ..........

11 __ . _ . __ .

12.. .........

13 __ . _ . .....

14..-.... ...

15 __ . _ . __ .

16. ___ . .......

17..............

18.. .. . ...

19. _ . _ . __

20..-. ..........

21.; ............

22 __ ..........

23 ...... 

24 . .

25 ______ . ...

26 ______ ...

27 ...........

28. .............

29 ........ 

30. .............

31 i ..

Oct.

2.46

'2 w

1 04.

2 90

2 99

2.46

2.52

2.40

2.34'

2.40

2

OQ

2.40

2.26

9 Kfl

2. 36

2.60

2 fin

2.90

2

QA

3.0 

3.1

2.42

2.50

2.48

2.50

2.52

2.60

2.66

2.62

2.56

2.60

2.62

2.70

2.68

2.66

2.62

2.64

2.54

2.52

2

cn

2.62

2.66

2.66

2.62

2.56

2.56

2.64

2.60

2.60

1.56 

1.80 

1.44

Nov.

3 1

4

0

41

3

Q

9 OS

2

QO

2.76

2 *79

2.70"

2.66

2.80

0 0

3.'4

3 A

4.4

 4.0

4.1

6.4

8.3

ft-8

7.0 '

4.4

3.8

3.5

4.0

3 9

a 9

4 4

4 2

3.6

1.48

1.42

1.34

1.24

1.36

1.26

1.20-

1.30

1.28

1.16

1.32

1.20

1.28

1.30

1.26

1.20

1.58

1.62

1 79

1.62

1.78

1.76

1.76

1.72

1.74

1.62

1.56

1.56

1.60 

1.64

Dec.

3.4

3.3

4.8

Q Q

3.4

3

0

q 1

q ft

3.0

2 98

2.94

2 94

3 A

q o

3.3

3.3

0 A

ft (\

,8.8

' 'K 7

4.3

0 K

1 A.

4 2

6.0

4 4

3.4

3

1

2.82 

2.88

1.62

1.54

1.'62

1.60

1.78

1.70

1.78

1.86

1.80

1.82

2.26

2.14

2.92

2.08

2.04

2.00

1.96

1.76

1.80

1.88

1.94

1.90

1.76

1.68

1.58

1.62

7.1

8.8 

7.0 

5.7

Jan.

2 (38

9 OS

2 Qfi

7 q

7 S

4.5

3 7

^ 4

q o

3.1

q o

2 Q9

2.92

2.66

2.82

4.1

4.7

3.6

3 q

3.1

3 ft

^ ft

3.2

2.88

2.88

2.78

2.78 

2.76

9.8

Q 9

6.2

4.4

3.6

3.45

3.22

4.1

5.1

4.2

3.75

3.45

5.1

11.7

9.8

5.7

4.3

3.55

2.28

5.3

7.8

5.4

4.1

3.45

3.20

3.12

6.4

7.6 

5.2 

4.2

Feb.

2

QA

6.3

8.5

7.4

5.0

4.3

q 7

3.5

3.3

3

0

3.2

3 A

3.4

q 1

2.88

2.68

2

70

2 on

2.92

5 A

5.3

7.3

7.7

7.5

4.8

3.7

3.3

q q

.......

4.6

^ A

5.6

4.4

3.45

4.4

4.2

3.60

3.60

2.96

2.68

2.34

7.0

6.4

4.0

4.4

4.8

4.4

4.4

3.60

3.24

3.04

2.82

2.70

2.70

2.60

3.50

5.2

Mar.

q n

3.0

q . ft

q ft

O Ofi

2

OQ

3 7

4.0

3.6

q K.

5.0

K Q

4 4

A. R

9.6

4 8

4 1

3.5

3.5

4 2

4 s

0 Q

4 i

5.6

4.6

4 1

6.6

Q n

8.4

7.4 

12.4

4.4

3.50

3.12

4.6

5.8

4.6

4.0

3.50

3.28

5.1

6.8

8.8

9.4

6.2

4.6

11.7

11.9

7.0

5.0

3.65

3.22

3,40

8.4

5.6

4.4

3.80

3.40

3.06

2.86 

2.80 

2.60

Apr.

is n

10.2

6.1

4 9

4.3

S Q

3.6

5

0

7.6

K q

9.1

10.6

6.8

5.8

11.3

13.0

8 9

i o q

15.6

11.1

5

0

4 A.

3.9

3.6

3.3

3.1

3.1

3.0

2.94

2.88

2.52

2.42

2.42

2.52

5.4

9.6

7.2

5.0

3.80

3.32

3.14

2.20

2.82

2.76

2.94

2.82

2.72

2.52

2.48

2.40

2.40

2.22

2.20

2.12

2.12

2.16

2.16

2.06 

1.92

May

2

QA

2 Oft

O A

A Q

4 1

3.4

q 9

q 1

3.0

3.5

5.4

4.7

7.2

4.5

3.4

3.1

3 ft

3

1

5.9

H o

11.0

7

0

A. Q

4.0

6.0

6.5

7.4

6.2

4.6

3.6 

3.3

2.12

1.98

1.82

1.74

1.76

1.78

1.62

1.81

1.70

1.88

1.96

3.75

10.6

12.0

9.6

12.2

10.1

6.0

4.6

3.95

3.50

3.20

2.94

2.82

2.68

2.56

2.50

2.48

2.32 

2.20 

2.06

June

<* i

3.1

q ft

2 92

2 86

0 Qfl

9 P.9

9 7fi

q ft

3.7

3 7

q i

2

00

2.76

2 72

2 60

2.60

9 H/t*

9 59

2.50

9 V>

2.48

2.60

2.56

2.38

2.74

2.10

2.10

2.06

1.82

1.88

1.90

2.10

1.98

2.06

2.24

2.18

2.16

2.26

2.24

2.60

2.18

2.08

2.26

2.36

2.14

1.98

1.90

1.S6

1.96

1.58

1.74

1.70

1.82

1.70 

1.92

July

9 ftfi

2 7ft

2 fin

2

Cft

2 Aft

9 qa

2.84

4.1

q ft

3.0

q i

6.1

7.0

4.6

3.4

q A

9 ft9

0 QA

9 fid.

2 7ft

2.66

2.62

^.58

*O KO

2. 42

2.48

2.44

2.42 

2.42

1.72

1.70

1.76

1.66

1.62

1.80

1.7&

1.82

1.60

1.88

1.74

2.28

1.90

1.42

1.56

1.68

1.80

1.74

1.68

1.66

1.70

1.62

1.44

1.70

1.66

1.66

1.60

1.67

1.72 

1.52 

1.62

Aug.

2.40

2.40

2

QC

2.46

9 qfi

2

qo

2.48

9- 4.9

2.48

2

A(\

0 Aft

2.40

2.44

9 l^ft

;2.40

2 44

2.14

2.46

2 12

9 49

2. 44

2.58

2.66

2.66

2.62

1.56

1.68

1.70

1.80

2,00

1.72

1.78

1.50

1.64

1.86

1, 72

1.66

1.30

1.64

1.56

1.72

1.40

1.64

1.74

1.38

1.66

1.40

1.68

1.60

r 1.54

1.72

1.34

1.74

2.06 

1.60 

1.80

Sept,

2 1ft

2.62 6.0

Q ft

fi O

4.0

q 9

2 Qft

2

00

O R

7.1

6.4

4 4

3.0

2.86

2 7ft

2 54

9 £ft

9 %&

9 K.D

9 A.A.

2

QQ

2.44

2 4fi

2.48

2 A ft

2

A<)

2.44

1.92

2.00

1.66

1.76

1.92

1,82

1.72

1.80

1.80

1 -44

1.74

1.78

1.62

1.72

1.70

1.66

1.44

1,52

 1.64

1.76

1.84

1.66

1.60

1.56

1.70

1.48

1.40

1.52

1.60 

1.50
50 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

AUGIAIZE RIVER NEAR DEFIANCE, OHIO

LOCATION. In NE. J^ sec. 9, T. 3 N., R. 4 E. at dam and power plant of Defiance Gas & Electric Co., 3 miles south of Defiance, Defiance County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,320 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 20 to October 24, 1903; April 13, 1915, to September 30,1923.

GAGES. Vertical staff gage on upstream side of power plant at right end of dam. 

Auxiliary staff gage in tailwater. Gages set to mean sea level datum. 

Crest of dam is 688 feet and top of flashing 689.75 feet above mean sea 

level. Gages read hourly by power-plant attendants.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge 1% miles below dam 

or by wading.

DISCHARGE. Daily discharge ascertained by power company from hourly readings on head and tail gages, log sheets of power plant, and ratings of crest 

of dam, Taintor gates, and turbines.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge during year, 20,800 

second-feet May 17; minimum mean daily discharge, 18 second-feet August 31. ,

1915-1923: Maximum mean daily discharge, 36,100 second-feet March 18, 

1919; minimum mean daily discharge, 7 second-feet June 30, 1918.

ICE. Determination of discharge over dam and through plant not seriously 

affected bi ice.

DIVERSIONS. None.

REGULATION. Flow regulated by Defiance Gas & Electric Co. Record of discharge not corrected for storage. _ . ACCURACY. Discharge ascertained by power company has been checked by current-meter measurements made below dam at various stages and found 

accurate. The leakage through dam and power plant has been determined 

for various stages below crest level by current-meter measurements made by 

wading below dam when power plant was shut down. The leakage varies 

from 7 second-feet at headwater elevation 679 feet to 41 second-feet at 

headwater elevation 688 feet. All daily discharge figures below 300 secondfeet have been corrected for leakage by engineers of the United States Geological Survey. Records good.

COOPERATION. Record of daily 'discharge, not corrected for leakage, furnished 

by Defiance Gas & Electric Co.

Discharge measurements of Auglaize River near Defiance, Ohio, during the year 

ending September SO, 192S

Date

,0ct. 5

(Aug. 17

Made by 

.....do... _ .. _ _ . . .. _ . . . ________ ____ ___

Gage 

height

Feet 

an fin

86.90

86.20

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

12.8

36. 3

33.6

NOTE. Add 600 feet to gage heights to reduce to mean sea level datum.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ERIE 51

Daily ^discharge, in second-feet, of Auglaize River near Defiance, Ohio, for the year 

ending September SO, 1928

Day

1 ...........

2...........

3 .. ....

4. ..........

5._

6 ___ . _

7 __ . __ ..

8. _____ .

9.... .._._ 

10..........

11...... __ .

12 _____ .

13. _ .. .....

14- __ .

15. __ ...

16...........

17. ........

18...... .....

19. __ . ....

20...........

21...........

22...........

23 __ . .. .

24 ........

25. __ .....

26. _ . ......

27 .......

28 ______ .

29. ____ .

30...... __ .

31.. __ . __

Oct.

26

97

27

35

28

29

9Q

30

30

AKQ

^ft

80

90

29

312

444

26

26

27

27

79

7O

80

86

100

49

141

164

705

121

Nov.

OQ

94

24

98

25

25

143

70

44

OC

25

oe

26

59

59

42

127

27

28

98

OQ

Q<?

01 o

tif.

53

Wt

oft

OQ

103

29

Dec.

46

30

47

14Q

432

148

129

129

31

47

44

657

143

Qe

74

OQ

307

55

34

34

102

64

Oft

37

07

OQ

Aty*

698

4, 510

q QQrt

Jan.

7 43ft

8,950

K OOfi

3,560

2,630

1,880

1,090

I

qnn

1,220

1 Ofift

1

QAA

1,620

1,310

1,420

8,740

12,500

Q 14ft

6,480

4,580

2,320

5,240

5 450

. 3,550

2,270

2 240

1,030

1,100

3,970

Q qlrt

Feb.

3 ^3ft

4,190

4,860

3,990

o oort

1,420

1,080

1,020

1,070

1,010

981

2 090

4,200

2 970

1,920

1 AAf\

1,120

1,180

1 030

1,020

QEO

O"fK

017

570

1,090

1 040

790

Mar.

763 Q-IQ

1 400

2,200

4,200

4,060

2 940

2

nqrt

1,420

O OylA

6,480

10, 600

1 Q OArt

10 ftflfl

8,570

13,600

20,600

IQ onn

10,700

4,160

2 360

1 640

3 ion

4 990

4,020

2,730

1,720

1,380

i ion

946

OAA

Apr.

454

701

686

700

1,110

7 450

Q j!7rt

fi ^on

3,350

1,800

1,250

1,120

896

747

692

815

7 lift

771

624

514

342

7no

769

685

678

616

A'JK

84

May

A&n

417

040

001

299

72

OfiO

109

119

244

eqi

6,350

11,600

12,200

1ft OftA

20 800

ft inn

A fiOA

Q OJA

2, 440

646

606

561

i ^nn

qj-i

650

683

219

434

June

650

777

779

721

468

1>&

<y)A

227

231

ftfiO

Qftl

646

688

681

256

*>eo

t)AA

241

244

230

306

497

141

Q7

73

146

182

168

108

106

July

343

net

1 CO

725

135

141

110

90

oo

1AJ.

enn

595

8^16

734

71 Q

£00

640

IRQ

532

*&A.

234

411

220

IRQ

186

188

499

223

185

]ff>

Aug.

i fin

175

641

226

9.7

oc

QCQ

Of

49

211

Oiq

oo

32

33

34

34

91 Q

497

339

313

260

291

313

41

268

313

312

61

18

Sept.

OH

91

22

24

36

Oft

436

fifiO

77

284

248 901

on/i

194

ono

an

257

315

286

OQQ

287

237

85 9 fin

978

245

185

239

263

75

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Auglaize River near Defiance, Ohio, for the year

ending September SO, 1923

Month

December __

February ......

April __ ......

Maximum

705

337

4,510

12,500

4,860

8,470

Minimum

26

23

30

1,030

570

84

Mean

113

75

504

3,830

1,740

5,40C 

1,500

Month

July..,-...'.....

September.....

The year..

Maximum

20,800

862

806

641

602

20,800

Minimum

72

37

36

18

21

18

Mean'

3,550

355

362

198

199

1,490

BIANCHABD BIVEB AT GIANDOEF, OHIO

LOCATION. In NE. H sec. 17, T. 1 N., E. 7 E., at highway bridge three-fourths 

mile northeast of Glandorf, Putnam County, and \^i miles above mouth 

of Cranberry Creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 643 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

KECORDS AVAILABLE. August 30, 1921, to September! 30, 1923. r

GAGE. Chain gage on highway bridge, read to hundredths once daily by Victor 

Unterbrink.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge at gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for 500 feet above and below gage. 

Banks fairly high and wooded. One channel at all stages. Control is 

stretch of channel below gage; practically permanent. Zero flow would 

occur at gage height 0.7 foot.
52 SUKFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

EXTREMES OF STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 19.1 feet at 6 a. m.

March 17; minimum stage, 1.68 feet at 6 a. m. October 6 and 7.

1921-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 22.4 feet at 1 p. m. April 1, 1922;

minimum stage, 1.58 feet at 11 a. m. and 3 p. m. August 30, and 6 p. m.

August 31, 1921.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice. 

DIVERSIONS^ None. 

REGULATION. None.

Data inadequate for determination of discharge.

Discharge measurements of Blanchard River at Glandorf, Ohio, during the year 

ending September SO, 192S

Date

May 7

Aug. 21

Made by 

E. E. B. Dombaeh. __ . ___ ....... __ .... .... ... ...

P. K. Morgan... _____________________ ____ ......

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.14

1.78

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

34.0

15. V

Daily gage height, in feet, of Blanchard River at Glandorf, Ohio, for the year ending

September SO, 192S

Day

1. .... __ . ...

2 _________

3 __ . _ . .....

4 ...... ......

5. ______ ...

6. _ . ___ . _

7 __ . _ . .....

8... . ....

9......... __ .

10 .-- ...-.

11 __ . _____ .

12. ____ . .....

13 __ . ____ .

14 _________

15.. _ . .....

16 ..............

17.. ............

18 __ . .........

19 . ..........

20. ____ . .....

21. ____ ... ...

22 _____ . _ -

23 ________ .

24 _____ . .....

26.... .......

26 __ . .........

27. _ . _ . .....

28 ___ .... ....

29. . 

30 .... ....... ...

31 ________

Oct.

1.76

1.76

1.74

1.68

1.68

1.72

1 7ft

2.08

1.90

1.94

1.94

1 (\A

1 94

1 Q9

1.86

1.84

1.82

1.92

1.95

1 90

1.90

1.90

1.90

1.90

1.90 

1.90

Nov.

1 90

i on

1 on

1 90

1 as

1 on

1 Qft

1 90

1 90

i on

1 Oft

i on

i on

1 04.

1 Oft

2 00

9 4fi

2.20

9 no

2.00

1.92

1.86

1 Oft

1.80

1.82

1.82

1.84

1.84

Dec.

1 Q9

1 on

1 on

1 90

9 (¥>

1 98

2 rat

2 91

9 Qft

2 26

2 Oft

S

on

9 14

2

1 A

9 ftfl

2 00

2 Aft

1 Oft

1 Afi

1.96

2 Aft

9 nn

9 nn

*> 19

4

K

6.7

7.7

7,0 '8.8

Jan.

11.0

8.0 7' 9

6.0

4.8

4.4

3.98

4.0

4.4

5 9

5.1

d O

7.2

14 7

17.7

15.5

12:4

7.7

5 O

7.7

14 ft

7.6

6.0

5.1

4.6

4.8

8.3

9.0 

8.1

Feb.

r

q

8 7

10.0

8 A

7.4

6.7

6.0

5.4

5.0

4.6

8.4

13 7

12.8

8 7

7.4

7.4

7.2

7.0

6.6

6.3

6.1

5.8

5.8

5.6

5.6

7.4

-------

Mar.

7.0

6.6

6.0

6.4

8.0

7.0

6.4

A Q

6.5

8.1

13.0

16.1

17.4

18.8

10 1

17.5

12.4

8

0

7.4

5.1

10.0

12.1

1ft Q

7.6

K A

5.0

4.8

4.4 

3.9

Apr.

3 1 *\

3.45

3.45

q AQ

6.7

14.2

1 K A

12.2

8.6

6.0

4.9

4.3

4.3

4. 1

3.86

1 7ft

3.38

a 26

QIC

3.08

2.96

2.90

2.90

2.84

2.78

2.76

2.74

2.74

2.74

May

2 70

2.64

2 48

2.58

2.48

9 9^

2.18

2.56

2.88

3.02

3.36

11.2

16.2

17.0

IS A

14.8

12.3

8.4

6.0

5.2

4.6

4.0

3.67

a 57

3.38

3.16

2.90

2.84 

2.78

June

o 70

2.56

2

Kft

9 4.4.

2.38

2 Oft

4.3

3.63

3.38

2.84

2.65

2 CO

2.40

2 ^4

0 9ft

2.18

2 14

2.10

2.16

2.26

2.18

9 14

2.10

2.10

2.08

July

2 04

2 nn

1.98

1 Qft

1 OR

1.98

2.10

2.18

2.40

3.00

2.74 d <\

5.1

4.9

3.96

2. 98

2 79

2 46

2.22

1.98

2.76

2.78

2.82

a 10

2.96

2.72

2.66 

2.53

Aug.

2 48

2

AQ

2.46

2.94

2.38

2.26

1.98

1 (U

1.88

1.86

1.82

3.08

q fto

2.80

9 9n

2.00

1.92

1.86

1.82

1.78

1.76

1.73

1.73

1.73

1.73

1.73

2.01

2.43

2.53 

2.25

Sept.

2 21

2.35

2.19

2.35

2.17

2.23

3.01

2.61

2.41

2.17

2.05

1.97

1.93

1.87

1.85

1.81

1.81

1.81

a 03

3.05

2.87

2.67

2.45

2.37

2.13

2.07

2.03

2.01

a 69

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Feb. 13 to Mar. 1
STREAMS TEIBUTAEY TO LAF^ ERIE 53

MIAMI AND ERIE CANAL AT WATERVHIE, OHIO

LOCATION. At highway bridge at Waterville, Lucas County, opposite gaging

station on Maumee River at Waterville. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 26,1921, September 30,1923. 

GAGE. Vertical staff gage on downstream wing wall of left abutment; read by

John Rhodes. Prior to September 13,1922, chain gage on downstream side

of highway bridge. Both gages at same datum.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from footbridge 500 feet below gage. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for a quarter of a mile above and

below gage. One channel at all stages. Control is long stretch of channel

below gage; shifting. «Zero flow occurs at gage height 0.86 foot. 

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.95 feet January 8 (discharge, 580 second-feet). No flow in canal March 15, when there

was break in bank above gage.

1921-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 7.07 feet March 2, 1922 (discharge,

610 second-feet). No flow in canal March 15, 1923.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation may be affected by ice during severe winters. 

REGULATION. The flow in the canal is regulated at the head gate at Grand

Rapids, 10 miles upstream. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent; not seriously affected by

ice. Gage read to half-tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by

shifting-control method. Records fair.

The canal diverts from Maumee River at Grand Rapids, 10 miles above 

Waterville. The water is used for power at Maumee and Toledo.

Discharge measurements of Miami and Erie Canal at Waterville, Ohio, during the 

year ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 2

May 12

Made by 

.....do. ........

Gage 

height

Feet

5 08

6.32

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

467

461

Date

Aug. 2

15

Made by Gage 

height

Feet 

6.15

5.97

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

477

440
54

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Miami and Erie Canal at Waterville, Ohio, for the 

year ending September SO, 1923

Day

!._ ______

2. ________

3. __ . _____

5 ......

6. ___ . .......

7 _________

8 _ . _ ....

9. .........

10 ..............

11... __ ......

12. ___ . .......

13. __ ... .....

14.. ............

15. ...........

16. .............

17... _ . .......

18..............

19. __ . .......

20..............

21 ...........

22. .............

23...... __ ....

24... ...........

25... ...........

26. .....

27.. __ . _ . ...

28..............

29.. ____ . ....

30.. ............

31..............

Oct.

492

,170

450

JOQ

384

360

OCA

348

325

325

348

348

348

336

336

348

360

360

348

336

348

360

348

336

348

314

303

314

314

Nov.

360

070

079

336 *>oe

qoe

*>OK

314

303

314

314

303

303

303

314

303

292

292

314

303

314

314

314

336

348

360

348

336

450

Dec.

336

336

qnq

303

202

QOK

q/io

070

OQ7

372

372

3Q7

336

464

450

464

450

450

AKf\

450

j+EA

450

436

360

372

450

520

520

Jan.

dQ9

520

464

ARA

464

314

ece

580

EAR

535

492

506

535

506

478

492

478

492

AJ3R

450

464

423

450

450

450

423

450

464

478

478

Feb.

dTS

450

550

397

450

450

450

450

436

436

436

436

436

436

423

423

410

410

410

436

450

436

450

436

436

436

450

Mar.

450

464

V>fi

464

450

450

AOfi

A<) *>

423

423

450

478

181

20

0

46

25

25

163

70

ld<;

190

210

220

270

281

97ft

292

303

292

292

Apr.

314

QflO

397

qen

014

384

384

397

384

372

410

QQ7

360

384

410

314

348

360

410

410

423

397

410

410

410

423

423

436

436

May

At)f>

ATV3

490

423

423

410

 410

423

397

325

464

423

372

372

372

384

397

348

384

410

436

423

410

410

423

423

423

June

436

423

QQ7

AOfi

436

493

410

384

423

423

410

423

423

410

423

423

423

423

450

464

478

423

423

464

450

450

436

423

410

July

*>Q7

397

384 004

070

979

070

Q79

079

423

506

450

450

464

450

450

423

450

AfiA

464

464

478

478

464

464

464

464

450

478

478

478

Aug.

478

i.'TSt

47S

470

ARA

384

464

ARA

4<yi

450

450

47S

450

436

436

464

450

450

AKf\

450

450

464

450

450

436

423

423

423

410

423

436

Sept.

490

410

410

OQ7

OQ1?

384

397

410

4WI

43ft

436 490

423

423

423

436

423

410

397

410

436

423

423

450

436

423

423

423

423

436

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Miami and Erie Canal at Waterville, Ohio, for 

the year ending September SO, 1923

Month

October ........

November ....

January .......

February ......

April ..........

Maximum

492

450

520

580

550

436

Minimum

303

292

292

314

397

0 

303

Mean

359

328

400

472

441

386

Month

July.. .....

September.. ...

Maximum

464

478

506

478

450

580

Minimum

372

384

372

384

384

0

Mean

410

428

438

448

420

401

SANDUSKY RIVER NEAR UPPER SANDUSKY, OHIO

LOCATION. In sec. 21, T. 2 S., R. 14 E., at highway bridge 2 miles northeast of 

Upper Sandusky, Wyandot County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 299 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 20, 1921, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage on downstream side of highway bridge.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge at gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel is straight for 400 feet above gage but is 

divided by island; straight for 1,000 feet below gage. One channel at all 

stages. Banks are low and wooded. All water flows under bridge up to gage 

height 11.3 feet, when road leading to bridge on right bank is overflowed. 

Control for low water is riffle 200 feet below gage, composed of rock ledge 

and gravel. At high stages control is long stretch of channel below gage. 

Zero flow would occur at gage height 0.1 foot, as determined August 14, 1923.
STREAMS TEIBUTAEY TO LAKE SEIE 55

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.6 feet at 

4.30 p. m. January 15 (discharge, 2,850 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.06 

feet at 9 a. m. October 6 (discharge, 7.5 second-feet).

1921-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 8 feet April 18, 1922 (discharge, 

4,060 second-feet); minimum stage, that of October 6,1922.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected by 

leaves on control during October, November, and December and by ice during February and March. Rating curve well defined. Gage read to hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage 

height to rating table. Records good except during period of ice effect, for 

which they are fair.

Discharge measurements of Sandusky River near Upper Sandusky, Ohio, during 

the year ending September SO, 1983

Date

Oct. 29

Nov. 21

Apr. 10

Made by 

.....do. ..... ______

Gage 

height

Feet

i 07

l."35

2.18

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

10.4

18.4

217

Date

May 15

A 11 a Id

Made by 

.....do. 

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.09

4.16

1.08

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

188

1,160

10.8

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sandusky River near Upper Sandusky, Ohio, for 

the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1. _______

2 ___ . .......

3-1 ........

4 ______ . _

5 _________

6. _ ._,.. ...

8.... . 

9. ______ ..

10 __ . ___ ..

11 ..............

12

13 ____ ,.. .,

14 _ . __ . _ ii

15- __ ......

16... ...........

17 _______ ..

18 ____ . .....

19 _____ '.. ..

21 _ ,.. __,.

22 wi23 __ .........

24 __ ..........

25 ..............

26. .......

27.. ....

28... ........

29.. . .

30 __ .- ____ .

31. . 

Oct.

12

11

11

11

o n

7.5

12

19

15

32

24

oq

19

1Q

16

17

16

16

14

12 

12 "12

12

12

12

12

13

11

11

11

11

Nov.

19

 10

IS

15

12

10

15

20

20

17

15

1C

19

19

24

OK

no

00

31

ol 

20

*)A

18

14

13

14

12

13

11

Dec.

 10

13

10

15

17

Ol

24

25

OK

24

23

00

13

15

15

15

15

13

13

lo 

13 |Q

13

17

19

19

599

1,060

482

ooq

Jan.

646

293

Q1 0

000

207

100

OC7

CKO

4*0

312

257

132

2,850

694

1,420

257

£t& 

1 Odfl

1,620

437

OQO

223

m

"

1AQ

KCO

7dO

373

010

Feb.

070

fJQQ

842

fidA

Qitf

ft/10

GQA

Qi a

240

ifin

RA9

GAA

400

Mar.

 400

OR7

1QQ

505

293

157

166

275

1,380

1,000

1,180

KQQ

070

1,420

1,880

646

373

176

«y>o

2 460

1,420

646

352

971

Olfl

160

127

Apr.

A1 K

415

QQA

CAC

' 1, 480

1 Qlft

950

437

437

. 197

160

135

127

117

107

QA

89

76

68

59

56

47

42

39

38

37

38

39

33

May

31

9Q

27

07

Oft

24

22

9°.

28

30

34

fidft

2,460

1,060

1,240

1 740

O/IO

132

120

tOM

373

373

185

120

91

76

72

59

50

47

38

June

33

31

29

26

23

44

102

89

54

37

33

31

26

29

29

20

21

18

16

16

14

13

14

14

13

13

16

16

21

July

13

13

16

40

18

57

39

312

22

72

293

122

76

44

42

37

24

20

14

13

13

14

14

14

12

12

12

12

12

Aug.

11

11

11

19

15

19'

25

34

22

16

13

14

12

11

11

10

10

9.8

9.4 

10

10

10

0.8

10

9.8

10

10

31

29

34

54

Sept.

44

28

IS

16

50

26

373

217

76

39

26

21

17

14

12

12

12

11

12 

15

39

: 217

240

43

28

27

22

39

50

39

__._..*

NoTE.-Stage-discharge relation affected by leaves matted on control Oct. 13 to.Dec-29. 

shifting control used Oct. 13-28. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Feb. 1i to.Mar. 8, 

mated from study of observer's notes, weather records, and records of flow of near-by streams.
56

Monthly discharge of Sandusky River near Upper Sandusky, Ohio, for the year

ending September SO, 1923

 [Drainage area, 299 square miles]

Month

October. __ ...

December ___ .. ____ . ____ ____

March _____________________

April.......................................

May

June _

July _____ ...

September . ............... ....

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

32 

32 

1,060 

2,850

2,460 

1,950 

2,460 

102 

528 

54 

373

2,850

Minimum

7.5 

11 

12 

132

107 

33 

22 

13 

12 

9.4 

11

7.5

Mean

14.3 

18.2 

91.3 

606 

588 

604 

288 

339 

28.9 

62.8 

16.5 

59.4

225

Per square 

inile

0.048 

.061 

.310 

2.03 

1.97 

2.02 

.963 

1. 14 

.097 

.021 

.055 

.199

.753

Run-ofl 

in inches

0.06 

.07 

.36 

2.34 

2.05 

2.33 

1.07 

1.31 

.11 

.02 

.06 

.22

10.23

SANDUSKY RIVER NEAR MEXICO, OHIO

LOCATION. In sec. 13, T. 1 N., R. 14 E., at highway bridge 4^£ -miles north of. 

Mexico, Wyandot County. Honey Creek enters on right 3 miles below 

station.

DRAINAGE AREA. 776 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 1 to September 30, 1923, at present site; November 17, 1898, to November 16, 1900, at highway bridge at Mexico.

GAGE. Chain gage on bridge, read by Lowell Keller.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge at gage or by wading,

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for 800 feet above and below gage. 

Right bank high and wooded; left bank fairly high, wooded, subject to overflow at extremely high water. One channel at all stages. Control for low 

water is riffle of boulders on rock ledge 100 feet below gage; fairly permanent. 

Control at high stages is long stretch of channel below gage. Zero flow 

would occur at gage height 0.7 foot.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during period of record, 

11.45 feet at time of discharge measurement May 13 (discharge, 4,900 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 1.62 feet at 3.35 p. m. August 14 (discharge, 29 second-feet).

DIVERSIONS. None.

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation for low water changed during high water 

on May 13. Rating curves well defined. Gage read to hundredths once 

daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating 

table. Records good.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ERIE 57

Discharge measurements of Sandusky River near Mexico, Ohio, during the years 

ending September 30, 1921-1923

Date

1921 

Sept. 8

1922 

Mar. 14 

Apr. 12

May 20

Made by 

Lee arid Lamoureux _

E. E. R. Dornbach---. 

.... .do....... _. ........

... ..do. _ t._.__

Gage 

height

Feel 

1.90

5.87 

8.92

12.90

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

38.8

],270

6,130

Date

1922 

Aug. 18 

29

1923

Made by 

E. E. R. Dornbaeh .... 

Lee and Sherman.....

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.89 

2.09

11.45

1.63

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

34.9 

52.3

4,900

29.8

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sandusky River near Mexico, Ohio, for the period 

March 1 to September 30, 1923

Day

1 . __ .

2- _______ - _________________ .

3 ___________ . ________________

4 _ . _

5- ___ .... _________ . ...............

6 _________ . _____________ . .......

 7. ______ ... ______ . ____ ...... _

8 _ . ____ ... _________ . ............

o

10 ___ . _____ .. ___ . __ . ___ . ___ ..

11 __ . ____________________ . .......

12 _________ . ___ ... _____ . ___ .. ....

13 .. _ . ___ ... ____ . _ . ...............

14................ __ ........................

15 __ ...... __ . _____ . __ . _ . _ . _ . ...

16 ................ ............................

17.:... ___ .... _______________ . __

18 _____ . _________ . _______ . _ . ...

19 _________ . ___________ ......... ...

20 ...

21.... _____ . _ . _________________

22 _________ . ___________ . _ . .......

23. _ . _____ . _____________ . .......

24. ________ . ________________ ....

25. _ . _ . _ ... ___________________

26 __ ............. _______ ................

27 _ . ______ . _____________ . .......

28.-.. _ . ___ . _________ .. __ . .......

29..... _ .. ___ . ____________ . .......

30........ _ ..............................

31 _ . _______________________

Mar.

1,100

600

530

i 98n

980

820

530

356

565

3,090

2 760

l'880

3,160

o run

1,140

670

1,100

3,580

3.960

2,880

1,100

705

408

290

236

Apr.

170

160

180

249

o a an

3,960

1,580

SfiO

600

408

356

O7R

236

994

201

190

160

1 f\f\

140

121

109

109

95

92

85

89

85

82

May

73

71

65

63

60

60

58

54

61

CO

60

236

4 840

4 840

4,360

4,840

3,800

1 Q^ft

1 ftfiO

670

600

740

311

242

184

146

130

122

107

June

93

87

81

81

S7

76

230

255

OQO

onfi

114

93

87

93

87

81

76

70

64

64

60

nfi

53

49

43

53

58

66

64

July

56

55

55

81

81

87

565

860

820

705

670

740

268

174

174

130

100

/87

81

70

66

60

51

55

64

70

70

66

55

48

Aug.

40

35

107

130

<M

70

76

70

68

65

68

60

53

30

48

48

46

43

45

46

45

41

45

48

41

41

56

58

122

195

164

Sept.

107

87

68

93

nan

122

1,020

740 oQn

195

122

87

68

64

56

53

55

R1

49

60

81

100

122

138

100

76

70

93

155

155

Monthly discharge of Sandusky River near Mexico, Ohio, for the period March 1

to September 80, 1923

[Drainage area, 776 square miles]

Month

May ______ ... _____________ ..

June _____________________

July........ .._........ __.... 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

3,960 

3,960 

4,840 

282 

860 

195 

1,020

Minimum

236 

82 

51 

43 

48 

30 

49

Mean

1,380 

589 

985 

97.9 

223 

67.6 

160

Per square 

mile

1.78 

.759 

1.27 

.126 

.288 

.087 

.206

Run-off in 

inches

2.05 

.85 

1.46 

.14 

.33 

.10 

.22
58 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PABT IV

EAST BRANCH OF BLACK RIVER AT ELYRIA? OHIO.

LOCATION. At Fuller Street Bridge, 1J4 miles southeast of center of Elyria, Lorain County, and 3 miles by river above junction with West Branch.

DRAINAGE AREA. 211 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 8, 1922, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage on bridge, read to hundredths twice daily by Mrs. A. B. Coon 

and Mrs. Joe Wojcik.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge at gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for 1,000 feet above and 700 feet 

below gage. Banks high and clean, not subject to overflow. One channel 

at all stages. Low-water control is a solid rock ledge extending diagonally 

across channel 25 feet below gage. Control for high stages is long stretch of 

channel below gage. Zero flow would occur at gage height 0.52 foot.

EXTREMES OF STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during period of record, 4.5 

feet at 5.40 p. m. April 6, 1923; minimum stage recorded, 0.57 foot at 7.30 

a. m. and 5.30 p. m. October 5 and 9.30 a. m. October 6,1922.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. None.

REGULATION. None.

Data inadequate for determination of discharge.

Discharge measurements of East Branch of Black River at Elyria, Ohio, during the 

years ending September 30, 1922 and 1928

Date

1922 

July 8

27

1923

Made by 

E. E. R. Dornbach .... -\

Gage

height

Feet 

1.28

.89

1.42

Discharge

"Sec.-ft. 

71.6

12.2

97.5

Date

1923

Sept. 11

Made by 

L. L. Dickson . ........

E. E. B. Dornbach....

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.54

.82 

.80

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

133

7.6 

8.1

Daily gage height, in feet, of East Branch of Black River at Elyria, Ohio, for the 

period July 8, 1922, to September 30, 1923

Day

1922 

1 ........

2 ........

3 ........

4 __ ....

5 .. ......

6 .. ......

7 .. ......

8 ... __ .

9 . ___ .

10 ... .

July

1.27

1.43

1.10

Aug.

0.74

.74

.74

.70

.71

.71

.70

.73

.78

sn

Sept.

' 0.76

.76

.79

OR

1.28

1.10

.94

.88

.84

.80

Day

1922 

11 ... __

13 .... -

14 ........

15 ........

16 ........

17 ____ .

18 ... .....

1Q

on

July

0.98

1.09

.97

.96

.92

.87

.82

.82

.87

07

Aug.

0.74

.72

.72

.74

.73

.72

79

.71

.70

.69

Sept.

0.80

.76

.74

.72

.72

.72

.71

.71

.74

.72

Day

1922 

21 ........

22 ........

23 .. -

24 ........

25 ___ -

26 ... __ .

27 ........

28 ... .....

29 ........

30 ._ .._.

31 __

July

0.84

.82

.81

.80

.88

.90

.88

.81

.76

.76

.74

Aug.

0.68

.66

.66

.68

.69

.69

.68

.72

.75

.74

.78

Sept.

0.74

.72

.72

.70

.70

.67

.62

.60

.62

.66
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ERIE

gage height, in feet, of East Branch of Black River at Elyria, Ohio, for the 

period July 8, 1922, to September, SO, 192S Continued

Day

1922-23 

1 _______ .

2 _____ . __ .

3... ........

4 __ . ___ . ...

5 ___ . ___ .

6 ..............

7..............

8 __ . ____ ..

9... ........

10 __ ..........

11 __ ..........

12...... __ ....

13 ... __ ....

14__ _ .........

15. _ ..........

16..............

17 _______ ..

18.... __ ......

19... ...........

20 __ ..........

21 ..............

22 _ . ..........

23. __ .. __ ...

24... ........

28.... ____ ...

26.... ..........

27 __ ..........

28..-.. ...

29 .............. 

30. ___ ....... 

31. ______ ..

Oct.

0.64

.62

.62

.63

.57

.60

.64

.68

.68

.68

.69

.70

.68

.68

.68

.68

.70

.72

.74

.74

.76

.76

.78

.77

.77

.76

.74

.75

.75 

.74 

.75

Nov.

0.76

.76

.77

.77

.75

.77

.78

.77

.76

.89

.92

.87

.85

.84

.88

.86

.84

.85

.74

.77

.86

.87

.86

.86

.86

.84

.82

.82

.82 

.82

Dec.

0.82

.83

.84

.84

.84

.84

.85

.86

.87

.88

.88

.88

.85

.86

.86

.86

.88

.88

.89

.90

.90

on

.91

.91

.92

.93

.92

.94

1.00 

1.15 

1.06

Jan.

1 06

1 fU

1.02

1.03

1.06

1.08

1 fU

1.04

1.06

1.06

1.08

1.08

1.09

1.12

1.66

2.15

2.08

1.99

1,86

1.80

2.34

2.18

2.04

1.97

1.95

1.96

2.02

1.91

1.80 

1.66 

1.50

Feb.

1.36

1.42

1.46

1.48

i da

1 4fl

1.34

1.24

1.14

1.04

1.06

1.11

1.18

1.26

1.34

1.41

1.46

1.34

1.20

1.12

1.10

1.08

1.08

1.08

1.08

1.08

1.49

1.48

Mar.

1.43

1.55

1.73

1.90

1.95

1.84

1,64

1.38

1.84

9 4O

3.20

3.16

2.80

2.20

1.70

2.08

2.68

2.40

1.68

1.38

1.41

2 08

3.11

2.81

2.11

1.68

1.31

1.23

1.21 

1.16 

1.14

Apr.

1.12

l.OS

.99

1.04

2.31

4.44

4.38

4.16

3.86

2.86

1.56

1.16

1.16

1.16

1.16

1.15

1.15

1.14

1.14

1.14

1.16

1.14

1.13

1.09

1.00

.94

.92

.90

.88

May

0.86

.85

.84

.83

.82

.84

.86

.92

.96

1.21

1.56

2.16

2.76

2.91

2.91

2.97

2.95

2.34

1.46

1.39

1.41

1 34

1.25

1.23

1.21

1.08

1.06

1.04 1.02' 

1.01 

1.00

June

1.00

.98

1.06

1.04

.96

.94

.92

.80

.76

.76

.80

.82

.80

.82

.80

.78

.80

.78

.78

.76

.86

Ofi

1.01

1.01

.96

.78

.76

.76

.68 

.68

July

0.78

.78

.80

.82

.80

.82

.84

1.36

1.34

1.26

1.24

1.16

1.16

1.11

1.16

1.14

1.12

1.11

.96

.94

.86

.78

.76

.68

.78

.76

.76

.74

.76 

.78 

.78

Aug.

0 77

!78

.80

.82

1.16

1 40

2.24

1.96

1.24

1.00

.90

.89

.88

.88

.86

.84

.82

.81

.80

.81

.81

84

.79

.79

.77

.83

.83

1.02

2.35 

1.62 

1.19

Sept.

1.10

1.03

.99

.92

.88

78

.83

.94

.91

.86

.82

.86

7Q

.77

.73

.72

.73

.77

.73

QQ

1.62

1.86

1.32

1.14

.98

.96

so

.96

1.33 

1.03

CUYAHOGA RIVER AT OLD PORTAGE, OHIO

LOCATION. At highway bridge at Old Portage, also known as Cranmer, Summit

County, 4 miles northwest of Akron. Little Cuyahoga River enters on left

1J^ miles above station.

DRAINAGE AREA. 405 square miles (measured on topographic maps). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 27, 1921, to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Chain gage on highway bridge; read by N. A. Bucklin. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS'. Made from bridge at gage or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight 300 feet above and below gage.

Banks fairly high, wooded. At extremely high stages water flows through

second channel on right bank. Bed of stream composed of sand and gravel.

Control for low water is riffle 50 feet below gage; control for high water is long

stretch of channel below gage. Zero flow would occur at zero gage height. 

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.60 feet at

4 p. m. January 21 (discharge, 1,840 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.98 foot

at 7.30 a. m. September 1 (discharge, 51 second-feet).

1921-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 7.2 feet on March 31,1922 (discharge,

2,130 second-feet); minimum stage, that of September 1, 1923. 

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice. 

DIVERSIONS. Municipal water supply for Akron is diverted from headwaters of

this stream. A small amount of water is diverted into this stream from

Tuscarawas River by the Ohio Canal. 

REGULATION. Flow regulated at reservoir above Akron.
60 SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation for low water changed during high water 

on January 21; not affected by ice. Rating curves well defined. Gage 

read to hundredths once daily up to November 9, twice daily thereafter. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating 

table. Records good.

Discharge measurements of Cuyahoga River at Old Portage, Ohio, during the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 12

Nov. 10

May 26

Made by 

LasIeyLee ____ ...

Covert, Lee, and

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.98

1.10

2.09

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

94fi

76.2

279

Date

10 

16

Made byMorgan and Byrnes...

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.84

1.61

1.13 

1.10

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

200

148

72.3 

66.6

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cuyahoga River at Old Portage, Ohio, for the year 

ending September, 30, 1923

Day

1... ______

2 _________

3. __ . . 

4.. __ . _ . ...

5 ______ . ...

6 ___ . __ . ...

7 ________

8... ___ ......

9 ________

10- __ ........

11 __ .'. _ . ...

12 ______ . ...

13 ____....

14 _____ . .....

15. . _ . .......

16. ............

17... ...........

18 _ ... ...

19. .............

20 ...........

21... ___ ......

22. .............

i3 ... ........

24.. _______

25 ______ . ...

26. _______ .

27. ............

28 _____ . ...

29 ...........

30 ...........

31. _____ . ...

Oct.

69

176

122

91

OS

94

79

145

140

85

76

100

82

119

280

280

186

186

186

79

76

165

108

Nov.

90

186

186

208

136

94

155

165

319

319

280

231

86

1HH

136

94

122

136

124

71

145

106

165

74

Dec.

197

165

119

197

176

176

243

306

84

255

220

186

96

165

136

88

165

155

001

208

136

145

155

96

186

165

501

443

472

Jan.

KQn

501

501

415

QKQ

346

359

176

243

319

980

980

620

710

980

Qin

1,760

1 fiftfl

1,320

1,200

1,160

945

770

710

Eftn

Feb.

590

710

620

>;fifi

K«n

530

474

446

323

272

297

446

502

362

390

390

310

323

272

272

284

272

260

138

224

390

446

Mar.

446

446

620

805

1,020

1,020

1,050

945

740

945

1,160

1,240

1,320

1,280

1,200

1,400

1,320

945

875

805

680

740

875

770

710

740

620

560

446

390

362y

Apr.

272

336

310

336

945

1,160

945

1,020

1,080

945

740

530

474

446

390

390

390

44fi

418

390

336

362

323

310

362

297

310 362-

272

310

May

189

189

,113

147

138

113

138

157

200

189

236

770

1,280

945

980

945

805

620

560

530

560

* 502

390

362

336

260

224

297

297

178

212

June

178

121

100

102

138

111

323

167

147

212

272

297

248

284

248

129

284

297

260

236

100

94

99

82

103

88

90

138

113

85

July

94

121

94

108

178

167

129

108

121

138

200

178

99

121

88

129

157

157

121

121

121

68

108

138

129

121

113

129

79

113

138

Aug.

129

121

260

260

121

138

147

167

129

121

121

138

121

129

121

121

121

121

84

113

121

138

129

129

113

61

113

284

157

147

138

Sept.

129

78

73

113

100

94

138

147

108

121

113

129

121

121

113

70

85

121

129

310

284

147

113

167

167

167

157

167

147

167

NOTE. Discharge Oct. 9-13,.l§-20, and Nov. 1-6, estimated by C9mparison of record of combined flowo 

r .ver and canal at Independence. Braced figures indicate mean discharge for periods indicated.
STEEAMS TRIBUTABY TO LAKE EBIE 61

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Cuyahpga River at Old Portage, Ohio, for the 

year ending September SO, 198S

Month

November- __

December _

January ____

April .. ___ .

Maximum

280

319

620

1,760

710

1,160

Minimum

69

71

84

176

138

272

Mean

128

145

215

704

400

507

Month

June ____ ...

July ...... .......

Maximum

1,280

323

200

284

310

1,760

Minimum

113

82

68

61

70

61

Mean

415

. 172

125

139

136

329

CUYAHOGA EIVEK AT BKECKSVILLE, OHIO

LOCATION. At highway bridge at Brecksville railroad station, 2 miles east of 

Brecksville, Cuyahoga County. Chippewa Creek enters on right 800 feet 

above gage.

DRAINAGE AREA. 584 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 1 to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Foxboro water-stage recorder of the pressure type and auxiliary vertical 

staff gage on highway bridge, read by Leonard Brown.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge at gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel slightly curved above and below gage. Left 

bank high; right bank fairly high; subject to overflow at extremely high 

stages. Control is timber dam with steel crest, 300 feet below gage. 

Leakage negligible.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE, Maximum combined discharge of river and canal 

feeder during period of record, 3,070 second-feet April 5; minimum combined 

discharge, 92 second-feet August 20 and 21.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice during period of record.

DIVERSIONS. Water is diverted into the Ohio Canal feeder at the dam 300 feet 

below gage. For a record of this diversion see page 64. A small amount of 

water is diverted into this stream from Tuscarawas River by the Ohio 

Canal.

REGULATION. Flow is regulated at reservoir above Akron.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve fairly well defined. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to 

rating table. Records good.

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by American Steel & Wire Co.

Discharge measurements of Cuyahoga River at Brecksville, Ohio, during the year 

ending September SO, 192S

Date

TWnr 19

13

May 26

Made by 

~...do .. .._.. ....

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.05

1.80

.57

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

2,380

1,800

377

Date

30

Sept. 11

Made by 

__ do ___ ____

do ..i _ ... _

Gage 

height

Feet 

0.25

.13

.05

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

203

159

, 146

72038 26f WSP 564
62 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Combined daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cuyahoga River and Ohio Canal feeder 

at Brecksville, Ohio, for the period March 1 to September SO, 1923

Day

1.. ..__ . . ___ .

2... _______ - _______ - ___ . ___ ____

3. ____ . __ - _ - __ .._._ ____ . ____

4 __________________________

5 .... - . - . ___ . ___ .

6 ____ -_____-__._____.____-_ ... __....

7. ____ . ___ - ____ . __ . ____ . __

8____-_-__ --- - _ - _-

9 ___________ . __ __________

10 ____ . _ ._ _______________ .

11 ____ _ ____ _ . ___ . ____ .

12 . . . . __ ... ____ . _ .

13 __________ . ___ . ___ . __ . __

14 __ _.._- __ .. _____________ . _____

15- . _ ____ .. __ . ___ ....

16 . __________ . _____ _______________

17 __._ _-_... _. __ . _._. __......_ 

18 ________ . _______ .. . _ ___.__ 

19 ___ . ______. _ __ ____ . __ ..

20 - ... -

21 ___ ___. ___ . -. __ ___ _ . _ .

99

23 _____ - _ ... _ - ___________ .... . ___

24 ____ _____________-_. _____ _ _ ______ ..

25- __________ -._ . ___._. _________

26 ___ . _____ _._ ________ . ___________

27 _________ _-_.. _- _______ _. _

28 ______ . _________ __.. _____ .. ____

29 ____________________________ _ _-____._ .

30 ____________ ._.__._ -__. ._ 

01

Mar.

737

793

1,080

1,460

1,260

1,220

1,230

1,110

911

2,090

1,730

1,980

1,830

1,650

1,470

2,^00

1,710

1,400

1,220

1,060

873

1,620

1,490

1,080

937

716

640

650

544

470

422

Apr.

Q4A

391

393

616

3,070

1,940

1,460

1,320

1,270

1,110

898

737

538

585

674

582

531

631

518

477

457

413

403

380

373

312

296

277

290

351

May

971

225

312

169

193

193

186

271

325

287

354

2,470

1,740

1,180

1,240

1,040

926

784

646

772

885

645

506

455

409

386

357

401

371

283

220

June

220

174

150

150

169

178

304

272

238

302

306

316

293

289

266

215

159

232

349

282

201

192

170

137

170

183

187

192

165

138

July

122

145

210

197

205

201

183

156

178

244

205

148

145

136

132

149

142

147

142

129

116

100

134

141

148

138

 157

122

147

167

Aug.

169

144

361

299

221

188

240

221

162

132

131

134

141

142

141

108

113

104

108

92

92

138

116

125

113

104

104

302

174

132

140

Sept.

144

122

100

219

158

152

225

132

120

123

120

129

113

113

113

122

122

122

299

416

268

174

192

183

183

202

223

160

174

Combined monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Cuyahoga River and Ohio Canal feeder 

at Brecksville, Ohio, for the period March 1 to September SO, 1923

March __________________ _ April __ ... __ __ _ ___ - _.__

July. ______ _ _

Maximum

bined)

2,300

3,070

2! 470

349

244

361

416

Minimum

bined)

422

277

169

137

100

92

100

River

1,150

649

522

121

29.5

41,1

53.9

Mean

Canal

68.0

71.6

75.2

99.2

126

117

114

Combined

1,220

721

597

220

155

158

168

CUYAHOGA RIVER AT INDEPENDENCE, OHIO

LOCATION. In T. 6 N., R. 12 W., at highway bridge three-eighths mile northwest of Thornburg and 1 mile north of Independence, Cuyahoga County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 709 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 21, 1903, to July 21, 1906, and September 28, 

1921, to May 31, 1923, when station was discontinued.

GAGE. Chain gage oh highway bridge, read by John Zimmerman.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge at gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for 500 feet above and 3,000 feet 

below gage. Banks fairly high. One channel at all stages. Bed of stream 

composed of gravel and small boulders. Control for low water is riffle 700 

feet below gage. Control for high water is long stretch of channel. Zero 

flow would occur at 0.00 foot gage height.
STREAMS TEIBTJTABY TO LAKE EBIE

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum combined daily discharge of river and canal 

during period, October 1, 1922, to May 31, 1923, 6,200 second-feet January 21; minimum combined daily discharge, 117 second-feet October 30.

1921-1923: Maximum combined daily discharge, that of January 21, 1923; 

minimum combined daily discharge, 116 second-feet on October 3, 1921.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice during severe winters.

DIVERSIONS. Water is diverted into the Ohio Canal at Brecksville about 6 miles 

upstream and carried past station. For a record of this diversion, see 

page 65. A small amount of water is diverted into this .stream from 

Tuscarawas River by the Ohio Canal.

REGULATION. Flow is regulated at reservoir above Akron.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation for low water changed during high water 

of January 21, 1923; not affected by ice. Rating curve used prior to the 

change well defined up to 3,500 second-feet. Rating curve used thereafter 

fairly well defined. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge 

ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records 

good.

Discharge measurements of Cuyahoga River at Independence, Ohio, during the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 13 

Nov. 9

Made by 

E. E. R. Dornbach ..... 

Lasley Lee ___ . ...

Oage 

height

Feet 

1.96 

1.76

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

206 

140

Date

Mar. 13

May 27

Made by 

E. E. R. Dornbach .....

Gage 

height

Feet 

5.88 

2.30

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

2,150 

354

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cuyahoga River at Independence, Ohio, for the 

period October 1, 1922, to May 81, 1923

Day

1 .... _ __

4 _______________________

5 - 

6 _______________________

7 _______________________

10--------------------- -------------

11 .. - - - __-_ 

19

10

14 __________ . __________ 

15 -. 

16 . __ . . - -

17 . -- - - -

18- - - ... - -

19 _______ - ____ -

20. __ - -

21. ___ - - 

99

23 __________ _ - 

24. ._... .. 

25. . 

26. ___ - __ - - 

27 __ ___ . . .___.

28- _________ - ______ -

<x>

30.. __ .................. - -

31 _ ____ ______

Oct.

70

86

134

97

Qi

73

81

122

116

160

292

142

180

118

61

132

129

103

118

99

71

99

171

157

122

82

105

61

50

107

Nov.

90

19ft

116

82

55

60

129

114

126

136

124

120

70

132

455

258

199

132

109

70

120

116

78

101

111

103

58

139

111

146

Dec.

71

Q7

166

116 *177

163

OQrt

380

9Q9

114

183

180

136

132

149

103

70

186

224

189

129

129

99

84

101

241

2,240

1,170

745

655

Jan.

1,220

JAK

700

575

AQK

415

328

362

328

310

275

292

328

2,520

1,690

1,070

970

2,100

1,450

6,130

3,400

2,030

1,510

1,390

1,130

940

1,330

1,130

850

770

Feb.

770

1,080

1,690

985

Qlfl

690

610

570 iwn

460

390

338

895

770

530

690

985

1,130

1,080

985

850

268

268

236

143

236

810

770

Mar.

610

650

1,230

2,170

1,690

1,330

1,230

1,080

3,000

2,380

3,400

2,100

1,690

1,450

3,000

1,960

1,330

1,130

940

895

1,450

1,690

1,230

940

895

770

690

530

460

390

Apr.

338

occ

079

 3 CA(\

3,160

1,630

1 Q^ft

1,230

1,080

850

730

610

530

610

650

570

530

495

460

425

390

338

302

268

302

268

252

302

May

18.7

173

168

100

126

16.3

221

236

236

4,120

9 7fift

1,690

1,450

1,230

1,030

810

690

610

940

730

530

460

338

302

355

1 260

NOTE. Mean discharge May 28-31 estimated by comparison with record of flow of Cuyahoga Eiver 

at Brecksville. Braced figure gives mean discharge for period indicated.
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Monthly discharge of Cuyahoga River and Ohio Canal at Independence, Ohio, for the 

period October 1, 1922, to May 31, 1923

Month

April........................................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum (combined)

357 

533 

2,310 

6,200 

1,760 

3,470 

3,700 

4,180

Minimum (combined)

117

126 

135 

258 

212 

452 

314 

168

Mean

River

116 

126 

298 

1,120 

699 

1,390 

758 

675

Canal

65.6 

74.1 

67.7 

68.2 

66.9 

66.9 

62.1 

63.3

Combined

181 

200 

366 

1,260 

766 

1,460 

820 

739

OHIO CANAL FEEDER AT BRECESVHLE, OHIO

LOCATION. 300 feet below head gate at dam on Cuyahoga River at Brecksville

railroad station, 2 miles east of Brecksville, Cuyahoga County. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 1 to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Vertical staff on right bank 300 feet below head gate; read by Leonard

Brown.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from footbridge at gage or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for 200 feet above and below gage.

Control is stretch of channel below gage; shifting. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge during period of

record, 140 second-feet July 28 and 31; minimum mean daily discharge, 44

second-feet March 14 and 15. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent; not affected by ice. Gage

read to huudredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by method for

shifting control. Records fair. 

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by American Steel & Wire Co.

The Ohio Canal feeder diverts water from Cuyahoga River at the dam at 

Brecksville. The water is used for industrial purposes at Cleveland by the 

American Steel & Wire Co.

Discharge measurements of Ohio Canal feeder at Brecksville, Ohio, during the

ending September SO, 1928

Date

Mar. 12

13

May 26

Made by 

.....do................. 

.....do.................

Gage 

height

Feet

O OQ

.98 

1.40

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 64 4

63.7 

75.7

Date

Aug. 7

30 

Sept. 11

Made by 

"Il'do IIIIIIIIIIIIII

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.76

1.68 

1.80

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

116

121 

129
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE EKIE 65

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Ohio Canal feeder at Brecksville, Ohio, for the 

period March 1 to September 30, 1923

Day

1 ________ . ______________

2

3 ...-....__.._. __ ......._..._.._.___.......

4

5 __ . __ . __ . __________ . __ . .....

6 __ . ___________ _____________

7 __ .. ______ . _______ . ...........

8. ... .._ .--_.....-... _ 

9 ______ . __ ... ______ . ____ .. _ .

10...., _ . _______________ .. .......

11 - . .- ....-.._......_-_..--...-... -

12 __ . _______ . ____ . ___ ... .........

13. ___ . __ . __ . ______ . __ ... __ .

14 . __ .... ____ . _________ . . ___ .

15. _ ... ___________ ..... __ .... ....

16 __....._....__.._..,....._.....__..._....._.

17............................................

18. ____ .... _______________ . .....

19 ... _ .. ____ . ________________

20....... __ .. _ . ________________

21 __ . __ . _________ .. _________ .

22 __ . .

23............................. _ ............

24. _____ . _____ . _______________

25 ___ .. __ . ____ . _________ . .......

26............................................

27 __ ... ___________ . _________ . ....

28............................................

29............................................

30 .._._......_. __ ................--.. ..-.

31 ...... ......................................

Mar.

71

73

73

73

73

7Q

70

73

73

96

66

70

62

44

44

73

62

59

62

73

73

80

62,

59

62

62

70

70

70

66

66

Apr.

66

66

76

84

70

71

73

73

73

73

71

71

73

73

73

70

66

70

70

73

70

73

70

70

70

73

70

70

70

70

May

70

70

73

80

80

70

70

76

73

73

7Q

70

73

73

80

76

76

76

76

76

73

84

76

76

76

76

76

76

76

76

76

June

76

80

80

80

80

84

QA

84

88

88

sn

ad

O9

88

84

Q9

80

DO

104

122

122

122

113

122

122

131

122

131

131

July

122

131

131

131

131

122

122

131

131

122

122

122

113

122

122

113

100

 131

131

131

131

140

122

113

140

Aug.

108

199

199

122

122

iq-i

199

131

108

113

104

108

92

92

113

122

113

104

104

131

104

122

113

Sept.

113

108

122

1AA

96

QQ

mi

122

113

113

113

122

113

113

113

122

122

122

122

113

108

113

131

113

122

113

100

122

113

NOTE. Daily discharge Mar. 1-7 estimated by comparison with record of flow of Ohio Canal at Independence.

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Ohio Canal feeder at Brecksville, Ohio, for the 

period March 1 to September SO, 1928

Month

April __ - .....

June ______

Maximum

96

84

84

131

Minimum

44

66

70

76

Mean

68.0

71.6

75.2

99.2

Month

July...........

September .....

Maximum

140

131

131

Minimum

100

92

88

Mean

-126

117

114

OHIO CANAL AT INDEPENDENCE, OHIO

LOCATION. At highway bridge 1 mile north of Independence, Cuyahoga County,

and 7 miles southeast of Cleveland. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 28, 1921, to May 31, 1923, when station was

discontinued.

GJ£GE. Chain gage on highway bridge, read by John Zimmerman. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge at gage. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for 600 feet above and 2,000 feet below

gage. One channel at all stages. Bed of stream silt and fine gravel.

Control is long stretch of channel below gage. Considerable aquatic growth

in canal during summer. Zero flow would occur at gage height 0.3 foot. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge during period

October 1, 1922, to May 31, 1923, 83 second-feet January 17; minimum

mean daily discharge, 60 second-feet several days in December, April, and

May.
66 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

1921-1923: Maximum mean daily discharge, 92 second-feet June 13 and 

15-17, 1922; minimum mean daily discharge, 54 second-feet October 9, 1921.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation affected by aquatic growth during summer 

and by ice for short period. Rating curve fairly well defined. Gage read 

to half-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean 

daily gage height to rating table; shifting-control method used October 1 

to November 9 and March 21 to May 27. Records fair.

Water is diverted into the canal from Cuyahoga River by the Ohio Canal 

feeder at the dam at Brecksville. The water is used for industrial purposes at 

Cleveland by the American Steel & Wire Co.

Discharge measurements of Ohio Canal at Independence, Ohio, during the year ending September 30, 1988

Date

Oct. 13

Made by 

E. E. R. Dornbach __

Gage 

hei ght

Feet 

.4.60

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

64.9

Date

Mar. 13

Made by 

E. E. B. Dornbach __ 

.. do- - 

Gage 

height

Feet 

3.88 

3.78

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

66.4 

62.7

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Ohio Canal at Independence, Ohio, for the period 

October 1, 1922, to May 31, 1923

Day

1 __ ___ ___ _

2 ___ ____ . __ ____ . .....

3 _ . _ ....... ___ . _____ ..... ...

4 _______________________

5 __ .. ___ . _____ .... ....

6 ___ ........ _____ ...... _ .....

7 _____ .... ___ . _ .. _ ..... _ .

8 ^.. _________ ..... ...

9 _______ . __ .. .. ....

10 __ ..... _ .. ___ .......... ___ ..

11 __ .... __________________

12 ___ ...... _____ . _ ...... ___ .

13. _ .... _____ . _____ ..........

14 __ .... _ .... __ . ___ .. __ . ...

15 _ .............. ___ ...... ........

16. _________ . __ . ___ . ___ ..

17 _____ . _______ . ___ .. ........

18 ..-..- . _ ................ __

19. _______ ...... _ . _______ ..

20 __ . ___ . _________ . ........

21 ____ ...... _ .... ........

22 ___ .... ___ . _______ . ........

23 ____ .. _____ .. __ . _ . ___ ..

24 _________ . _______ ... .....

25 ___ . _____ . __ .... _ . ........

26..................... _ ............

27 _________________ . ........

28 __ - ...............................

90

30 __ . ______________ . _____

01

Oct.

65

67

69

65

62

62

62

62

65

65

65

65

65

62

62

62

65

65

65

65

67

67

67

69

69

69

69

69

fiQ

67

67

Nov.

69

74

76

74

71

74

76

76

78

76

78

76

76

76

78

76

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

74

71

69

71

71

71

Dec.

71

71

74

74

74

71

65

69

65

62

60

60

60

74

74

65

65

65

69

69

67

67

69

69

67

69

69

69

60

67

69

Jan.

69

69

69

69

69

69

69

69

69

67

67

69

69

69

69

69

83

69

67

65

69

65

69

67

65

67

65

67

67

65

65

Feb.

65

67

69

69

69

69

69

69

67

65

67

69

69

69

69

69

67

67

Mar.

69

69

69

69

69

69

69

69

69

69

67

67

67

67

65

71

74

62

67

67

65

65

67

65

67

62

65

65

62

65

62

Apr.

60

60

65

62

65

62

62

62

62

65

62

62

62

62

62

62

62

62

62

65

60

60

62

62

62

62

60

62

60

65

May

62

60

62

62

62

62

62

65

62

65

65

62

60

62

65

65

65

65

65

65

6G

65

65

65

65

' 65

62

62

62

62

. 62

NOTE. Mean discharge Feb. 16-24, estimated because of ice from observer's notes and weather records. 

Gage not read Apr. 13-18; discharge interpolated. Discharge May 28-31 estimated by comparison with 

record of Ohio Canal feeder at Brecksville.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ERIE 67

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Ohio Canal at Independence, Ohio, for the 

period October 1, 1922, to May 31, 1923

Month

November. ....

December .....

Maximum

69

78

74

83

Minimum

62

69

60

65

Mean

65,6

74.1

67.7

68.2

Month

March. ____

Maximum

69

74

65

65

Minimum

65

62

60

60

Mean

66.9

66.9

62.1

63.3

GRAND RIVER NEAR MADISON, OHIO

LOCATION. At highway bridge 2 miles south of Madison, Lake County. Griswold Creek enters from left, half a mile below station.

DRAINAGE AREA. 587 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 7, 1922, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain gage on highway bridge, read by G. C. Wenger and E. H. Horton.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge at gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for 500 feet above and below gage. 

Left bank high and clean; right bank fairly high and brushy. One channel 

at all stages. Control for low water is riffle 150 feet below gage; for high 

stages is long stretch of channel below gage; shifts during high water. Zero 

flow would occur at gage height 0.7 foot.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during period of record, 

7.56 feet at 8.30 a. m. April 6,1923 (discharge, 5,500 second-feet); minimum 

stage, 1.10 feet at 5.30 p. m. August 27, 1923 (discharge^ 1.5 second-feet). ,

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation for low water changed during high water 

on April 6, 1923; affected by ice during December, February, and March. 

Rating curves fairly well defined. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to- rating 

table. Records good except for periods of ice effect, for which they are 

fair.

Discharge measurements of Grand River near Madison, Ohio, during the years ending September SO, 1922 and 192S

Date

. 1922 July 7

26

1923 

May 28

Made by 

E. E. R. Dornbach _ _ 

E. E. E. Dornbach....

Gage 

height

Feet 1 89

1.66 

1.96

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

41.4

22.0 

59.5

Date '

1923

28 

Sept. 12

Made by 

....do . _ . ___ . .... 

do _ .....

height

Feet 

1.41

1.52 

1.64

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

7.2

14.7 

22.9
68 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Grand River near Madison, Ohio, for the period 

July, 7, 1922, to September SO, 192S

Day

1922 

1 ........

2 ____ -

3 ____ -

4 ........

5 ____ .

6 ____ .

7 ........

8 ........

9 ____ .

10 ........

Day

1922-2; 

1. ........

2.. .......

3- ___ .

4 .........

5. ____ .

6.. ___ .

7.........

8.. ___ .

9- ___ .

10 __ ....

11..... _ .

12.........

13. ____ .

14.. ___ .

15 ____ .

16.........

17.........

18-. ...

19. ____ .

20- .......

21- ......

22.. ___ .

23.. ___ 

24.. ___ .

25 ........

26.. __ .. 

27.. ......

28... .....

29- .

30........

31... __

July

38

47

61

49

J

Aug

2'

- 47

21,

10

6

3

2

8!

4

1

Oct.

10

7

7

7

5

5

5

6

7

6

6

10

9

6

6

6

6

7

6

10

10

10

9

8

7

21

12

13

10

Sepl

I 1

( 1

j e

3 ]

i r

)

2

3 ]

L

3

Nov.

10

10

9

9

17

11

13

10

11

15

17

16

20

18

18

23

25

30

26

24

21

37

29

20 

43

42

33

20

0 1 n

7 12

8 13

7 14

[0 ' 1 C

5 16

0 17

16 18

10 19

L5 20

Dec.

oo

20

oo

21

1 q

Q9

27

10

16

1Q

75

20

77

200 

393

510

1,170

1,020

950

Day

1922

Jan.

1,020

1,020

7qn

&AK

K*79

393

299

f)RA

230

264

230

iqq

281

510

1,020

1,600

9 nnn

2,120

2.480

9 nnn

3 9nn

4,220

2,480 1 Qnn

1,600

950 

393

A. on

490

530

760

July

30

24

4Q

83

66

39

33

QS

150

138

Feb.

fisn

1,260

2,360

q OCA

9 9d.fl

1,090

820

490

91°.

83

210

230

393

Qtfl

1,250

2,480

600

Aug.

28

17

20

15

13

9

21

9

9

7

Mar.

ftnn

onn

2,480

4,040

4,220

9 °.fln

1,090

595

1,420

3,200

4,780

4,040

2,240

1 7pn

2,120

1 <WI

1,420

1,170

760

vt\

760

1,250

1,420

1,170

820 

471

393

281

162

127

Sept

2

2

4

2

2

3

2

1

Apr.

175 100

645

o eon

4,980

9 4.$in

i onfl

i ocn

700

450

OQA

220

193

220

SQfi

550 iial

325

220

148

120

133

Oft

85

76 

67

85

59

59

I

1

5 21 -

5 22.

) 23 -

) 24.

3 25-

 > 26 .

5 27.

3 28.

J 29.

r so.

01

May

67

76

so

45

45

<2Q

9Q

25

34

?Q

108

308

1,250

1 OKA

I

ofin

i Ann

i Qsn

880

W»

412

308

220

1 Pid.

1 qn

108

85

58

50

48

35

>ay

922

June

<x>

35

42

9S

20

44

58

136

412

0^9

OAR

160

142

94

44

38

28

20

20

20

16

12

7

10

16 

13

19

12

12

July

156

130

88

64

37

33

28

18

10

18

17

July

10

14

16

1*>

16

18

21

28

42

28

*;&

44

40

14

28

26

24

22

33

22

13

24

24

19

12

8 

10

13

10

8

7

Aug.

7

7

8

Q

13

9

10

8

8

8

Aug.

10

9

11

13

12

16

11

11

12

12

12

14

8

IP

7

8

7

7

7

7

5

5

4

3 

2

9

24

27

22

Sept.

6

6

8

8

9

8

8

11

8

10

Sept.

28

24

19

16

19

19

21

39

49

38

34

30

26

13

16

15

11 1 9

9

12

22

22

27

42

49

48

26

112

74

33

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 13-24 and Feb. 17 to Mar. 2; discharge estimated 

from study of observer's notes, weather records, and records of flow of near-by streams. Braced figures 

give mean discharge for periods indicated.
STREAMS TEIBUTABY TO LAKE ERIE 69

Monthly discharge of Grand Rwer near Madison, Ohiot for the period July 7, 198® t

to September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 587 square miles]

Month

1922 

July 7-31.. __ ........ __.....:.. .

August ______________________

September __________________

1922-23

November __________________

December. __________________

February ___________________

March ____________________

April ____ . ________ . ...............

May....... ___ ....... __ .... ____ ..

July............. _____ .................

August ......................................

The year _______________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

156 

471 

68

21 

43 

1,170

4,220 

3,360 

4,780 

4,980 

1,600 

412 

58 

27 

112

4,980

Minimum

10 

7 

6

5 

8

133

127 

59 

25 

7 

7 

2 

9

2

Mean

60.2 

42.8 

17.5

8.23 

19.9 

159 

1,120 

911 

1,610 

677 

349 

68.3 

22.1 

10.4 

30.1

414

Per square 

mile

0.103 

.073 

.030

.014 

.034 

.271 

1.91 

1.55 

2.74 

1.15 

.595 

.116 

.038 

.018 

.051

.705

Run-oft in 

inches

0.10 

.08 

.03

.02 

.04 

.31 

2.20 

1.61 

3.16 

1.28 

.69 

.13 

.04 

.02 

.06

9.56

CONNEAUT CREEK AT AMBOY, OHIO

LOCATION. At highway bridge half a mile east of Amboy, Ashtabula County, 

and 3 miles southwest of Conneaut.

DRAINAGE AREA. 178 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECOBDS AVAILABLE. July 1, 1922, to September 30,1923.

GAGE. Chain gage on highway bridge; read by J. L. Evans.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge at gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel straight for 300 feet above and 1,000 feet 

below gage. Left bank high and clean; right bank fairly high and brushy. 

The flood of March, 1913, flowed over right bank and across the road leading to bridge at a point some distance from bridge. Control for low-water 

is rock ledge 75 feet below gage. Control for high water is long stretch of 

channel below gage. Zero flow would occur at gage height 0.6 foot.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during period of record, 

5.6 feet at 5 p. m. March 4,1923 (discharge, 2,970 second-feet); minimum 

stage, 1.06 feet at 6 p. m. August 20, 1923 (discharge, 1.6 second-feet).

DIVERSIONS. None.

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by ice. Rating curve well defined below 1,200 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths 

twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage 

height to rating table. Records good except for periods of ice effect, for 

which they are fair. 

72038 26f WSP 564 6
SUKFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PABT IV

Discharge measurements of Conneaut Creek at Amboy, Ohio, during the year ending

September SO, 1923

Date

May 28

Made by 

E. E. E. Dornbach ....

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.48

1.25

Discharge

Sec-ft 

21.6

4.3

Date

Aug. 28

Sept. 12

Made by 

iL. L. Dickson ___ .

...-do. .. 

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.43

1.38

Discharge

Sec-ft 

10.2

8.6

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Conneaut Creek' at Amboy, Ohio, for the year 

ending September 80, 1923

Day

1. ............

2 ..........

3 ..........

4.. .......

5 

6. _ .........

7 ..........

8--..-..-.__._

9 ____ . ....

10 __ . ....

11 .............

12 __ . ........

13 .............

14 ............

15 __ __

16....... __ ..

17...... ....

18 ..........

19 

20 ...... ....

21 . __ ....

22 _____ . ....

23 __ . ........

24 __ . ........

25 __ . ____ .

26.... .........

27 __ . __ ....

28 ..........

29. ............

80- .....

31 - 

Oct.

5.7

5.2

4.5

5.7

5.7

3.9

3.9

5.2

10.6

14.9

16.2

9.7

12.6

9.7

6.8

6.2

7.4

24

6.8

14.9

6.8

8.9

16.2

25

14.9

7.4

6.2

12.6

17.5

12.6

Nov.

10.6

8.9

24

40

16.2

36

32

38

32

32

28

54

40

56

58

47

52

48

50,

40

38

50

50

54

52

54

47

58

47

38

Dec.

43

64

132

88

91

75

77

77

75

168

159

95

62

70

50

98

115

95

86

108

102

140

145

128

108

159

257

590

838

530

352

Jan.

1,130

590

475

400

132

159

210

132

140

148

148

145

400

1,410

2,420

1,900

2,200

9 R40

1,500

2.420

1,310

622

352

277

OOC

189

220

257

220

Feb.

224

352

400

1.310

655

330

1,130

955

nin

425

285

502

875

OKA

Mar.

,

[ 300

2.530

2,310

800

352

231

220

352

1.220

1,700

2,000

655

830

352

875

375

201

180

207

450

655

308

217

156

128

112

95

75

Apr.

122

110

102

231

1,600

1,800

690

375

249

198

153

183

138

128

112

115

120

142

138

125

91

77

73

64

62

56

fid

66

50

48

May

43

38

35

20

40

36

33

50

70

150

198

308

1.130

530

308

655

998

425

162

128

135

110

79

66

45

H4

30

11.6

17.5

24

June

11.6

22

18.9

6.2

13.7

22

88

148

105

62

40

45

33

27

27

8.2

8.2

10.6

18.9

18.9

8.2

6.2

5.2

7.4

4.5

6.2

5.2

6.1

8.2

8.9

July

5.2

6.2

3.3

20&2-

12.6

5.2

6.8

4.5

5.2

6.8

6.2

6.8

3.7

11.6

6.2

4.8

4.5

3.5

2.9

2 7

2.9

2 5

2.4

2.0

2.2

2.2

7.4

4.5

8.9

8.2

Aug.

2.8

3.5

2.9

2.8

3.2

2.9

2.5

3.2

3.9

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.0

o o

2.2

2.2

1.8

1.7

1.8

2.2

2.4

2.2

2.2

9 n

1.8

14.9

8.2

5.2

8.9

Sept.

3.7

3.2

4.2

3.9

11.6

8.2

4.5

6.2

20

8.2

16.2

8.2

3.9

5.2

3.7

3.0

3.9

3.5

8.9

6.8 1 .,

8.9

5.7

10.6

22

* 10.6

7.4

10.6

6.8

4.5

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Jan. 16 and Feb. 15 to Mar. 3; discharge estimated from 

study of observer's notes, weather records, and records of flow of near-by streams. Braced figures give 

mean discharge for period indicated.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ERIE 71

Monthly discharge of Conneaut Creek at Amboy, Ohio, for the year ending September

30, 1928

[Drainage area, 178 square miles]

Month

November. ________ __ __ _____

December ___________________

January.. ________ __ _________

March

April __ _________ ________

June ___ _

July._.._______.___________.___________._____

August __ . _______ __ _____ _____

September ________ _________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

25 

58 

838 

2,640 

1.310

2.530 

1,800 

1,130 

148 

20 

14.9 

22

2,640

Minimum

3.9 

8.9 

43 

132

75 

48 

11.6 

4.5 

2.0 

1.7 

3.0

1.7

Mean

10.1 

41 

167 

751 

422 

589 

249 

200 

26.7 

5.42 

3.19 

7.63

206

Per square 

mile

0.057 

.230 

.938 

4.22 

2.37 

3.31 

1.40 

1.12 

.150 

.030 

.018 

.043

1.16

Run-off in,, 

inches

0.07 

.26 

LOS 

4.86 

2.47 

3.82 

1.56 

1.29 

.17 

.03 

.02 

.05

16.68

CATTARAUGUS CREEK AT VERSAIUES, N. Y.

LOCATION. At three-span highway bridge in Versailles, Gattaraugus County, 2J^ 

miles above mouth of Clear Creek, 6 miles below Gowanda, and 8 miles 

above mouth of stream.

DRAINAGE AREA. 467 square miles (measured on post-route map).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 23, 1910, to September 30, 1923, when station 

was discontinued.

GAGE. Chain on upstream side of right span of bridge; read by Charles Wilson.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream, side of bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of rocks and gravel; shifting.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum open-water stage recorded during year, 

9.20 feet at 5 p. m. March 4 (discharge, 11,700 second-feet); minimum 

discharge recorded, 39 second-feet several times in August.

1910-1923: Maximum open-water stage recorded, 12.3 feet during night 

of March 25, 1913 (discharge, about 30,000 second-feet); minimum discharge, 

that of August, 1923.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent; affected by ice from November to April. Gage read to half-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge 

throughout year ascertained by indirect method, applying mean daily 

effective gage height to rating table; corrections for obtaining effective gage 

heights determined from discharge measurements. Records below 500 

second-feet fair; poor above.

Discharge measurements of Cattaraugus Creek at Versailles, N. Y., during the., 

period October 1, 1922, to October 11, 1923

Date

Nov. 9

Feb. 1

Made by 

A. W. Harrington ___._.

___..do _______ _.____

Gage 

height

Feet 

5.46 

"5.44

5.45

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

513 

454

509

Date

Aug. 17 

Oct. 11

Made by 

A. W. Harrington __

Lamson and Johnson .

Gage 

height

Feet 

4.63 

4.72

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

51.7 

84.2

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
72 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, FAET IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cattaraugus Creek at Versailles, N. Y., for the 

year ending September 30, 1928

Day

1. .............

2. ________

3 _________

4... _______

5... _______

6. _ . _____

7 

8 _ . _____

9 ______ _

10i 

11 _____ ___

12- _____ . ___

13 ________

14__.. _

15 _________

16. ____ . __

17 ________

18.......... __

19.- 

20 

21 _ . ______

22 _________

23 __ . _____

24 __ . _ _____

25 _________

26 

27 _________

28. ___ ... _ .

29 __ . _________

30 __ . _________

31. . 

Get.

150

150

150

120

140

180

160

240

220

94ft

200

180

180

200

200

170

160

170

160

180

AAf\

260

9flft

1QA

160

150

160

Nov.

160

160

180

180

170

9flfl

240

220

320

280

240

200

200

280

300

260

260

240

280

280

240

260

260

240

260

240

240

240

240

Dec.

550

600

420

320

280

OfiA

340

360

550

340

190

300

170

180

1Qf|

170

170

170

170

150

150

140

150

1 V»

480

1,700

650

600

600

Jan.

3,800

1,100

700

650

cert

Kfirt

200

420

AAf\

OOfl

o_<n

OQft

ofirt

360

750

700

380

600

1,000

1 OfiA

9 9fifi

1,700

1,100 oftfi

800

ACA

550

KKA

500 Efin

500

Feb.

550

1 300

3,200

1,600

950

QfMl

850

700

600

550

550

Afirt

850

5«0

500

550

500

500

440

380

380

340

320

280

300

380

550

850

Mar.

1,200

1,700

4,200

8,000

3,600

1 ^(V\

1,000

750

700

900

1,100

3,600

3,000

1,200

OKA

4,400

1,500

1,800

700

750

1,300

5,000

1,800

900

900

600

420

380

340

340

Apr.

360

AA(\

650

2 000

K EfiA

2,000

1,200

1,000 7<;n

650

550

CEA

550

480

420

440

880

360

360

380

360

340

600

500

360

300

280

260

240

240

May

360

280

220

99ft

200

200

180

190

480

500

600

700

420

700

3,200

950

700

Efin

380

420

420

360

260

240

200

200

180

180

160

150

June

140

140

140

130

130

130

320

380

380

240

170

140

130

10A

ISO

120

100

100

100

100

95

100

100

100

100

140

100

170

180

July

100

100

95

180 lift

100

95

85

85

95

100

QK

85

85

85

320

200

100

95

85

85

85

70

85

85

95

85

85

75

85

550

Aug.

160

inn

100

100

QE

80

75

85

80

70

75

65

55

70

75

80

60

65

70

70

70

75

70

70

70

50

46

70

85

65

75

Sept.

75

70

55

70

80

80

75

75

80

80

70

70

70

75

OA.

75

65

75

75

80

100

110

110

80

80

75

70

110

90

80

NOTE. Discharge, Nov. 27, Dec. 15 to Jan. 20, Feb. 6 to Mar. 3, and Mar. 29 to Apr. 2, determined 

from gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, study of weather 

records and gage-height graph, observer's notes, and comparison with record of Allegheny River at Red 

House.

Monthly discharge of Cattaraugus Creek at Versailles, N. Y,, for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 467 square miles]

Month .

April. __ ....... ____ .... ___ ..........

July . __

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

440 

550 

1,700 

3,800 

3,200 

8,000 

5,500 

3,200 

380 

550 

160 

110

8,000

Minimum

120 

160 

140 

200 

280 

340 

240 

150 

95 

70 

46 

55

46

Mean

Iftl 

247 

384 

800 

710 

1,830 

753 

457 

153 

119 

76.6 

79.3

484

Per square 

mile

0.409 

.529 

.822 

1.71 

1.52 

3.92 

1.61 

.979 

.328 

.255 

.164 

.170

1.04

Run -oft 

in inches

0.47 

.59 

.95 

1.97 

1.58 

4.52 

1.80 

1.13 

.37 

.29 

.19 

.19

14.05
SUBFACE WATER SITPPLZ, 1023, IV 73

STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO

LITTLE TONAWANDA CREEK AT LINDEN, N. Y.

LOCATION. At stone-arch highway bridge in Linden, Genesee County, 3 miles 

about junction with Tonawanda Creek.

DBAINAGE AREA. 22 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 8,1912, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Vertical staff on upstream side of right abutment; read by C. L. Schenck.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMEMTS. Made by wading near gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. A standard Francis weir, 2.01 feet long and 8 inches 

high was reconstructed September 18, 1920, under the upstream side of the 

bridge. When the water overtops this weir it flows over a 2-inch plank 

about 13 feet long, including the 2 feet of weir.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.29 feet at 6 

p. m. March 3 (discharge, 1,070 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 0.23 

foot at 6 p. m. October 5 and 9 a. m. October 7 (discharge, 0.6 second-foot). 

1912-1923: Maximum stage, 14.6 feet during the flood of April 22, 1916, 

determined by leveling from floodmarks (discharge, 2,400 second-feet). 

The discharge (2,500 second-feet) published in previous water-supply papers 

for the flood of May 10, 1919, is too large; the revised determination of the 

maximum discharge for that date is 1,750 second-feet. Minimum discharge, 0.4 second-foot several times during September and October, 1921.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed at time of high water in March; 

affected by ice from December to March. Rating curves used before and 

after the change well defined below 800 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily 

gage height to rating table. Records good.

Discharge measurements of Little Tonawanda Creek at Linden, N. Y., during the 

year ending September SO, W2S

Date

Nov. 8

Jan. 7

Feb. 3

Made by 

 ..do.... _ _.__ 

Gage 

height

Feet 

0.31 «.91

«2.37

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1.0

7.4

109

Date

Aug. 18

Made by 

E. B. Shupe ______

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.44

.403

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

38.3

1.4

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
74 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Little Tonawanda Creek at Linden, N. Y., for 

the year ending September 80, 1928

Day

1 _______

2 _ - ___

3 ________

4 _ . _ . ______

5 ____ . ______

6 ____ . ______

7 ____ . ___

8 _ . _ . ___

9 _ . _____ .

10.__..-_-__ -

ll.__ -___ 

12 ____ . _____

13 ____ . ___

14 ____ . ______

15 __ .. _____

16 _________

17 ________

18_...___- -

19 _ . _ . __

20_.-._-..__ .

21 ____ . ______

22 ____ . ______

23 ____ . ______

24 ____ . ______

25 ____ . ___ .

26 _ . ______

27........ 

28__._ . ______

29 ____ . ______

30-_..__ _.

31 _______ ..

Oct.

0.9

.8

.8

.7

.7

.7

.7

g

1.0

1.8

1.4

1.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.0

.9

.9

.9

1.0

1.0

1.2

1.3

1.1

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Nov.

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.0

1.0

1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

1.1

1.0

1.0 1.1

1.4

1.2

1.5

1.4

1.4

2.0

2.4

2.2

2.0

2.5

2.3

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.9

1.8

Dec.

i i

4 5

9 Q

9 fi

O fi

2 A

2.2

3.3

7.2

4.2

3.8

2.8

2

0

2

0

2.4

2

2

2

2

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.6

3.6

5.2

3.5

3.8

4.8

4.8

Jan.

11

16

14

11

g

8

7

7

7

7

7

6

6

7

6

6

10

11

20

34

32

24

19

16

15

13

11

10

10

Feb.

|O

48

100

65

At)

OO

26

on

16

14

14

10

14

7

8

8

7

6

6

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

10

12

Mar.

19

OO

KKA

637

154

on

fiO

46

OQ

58

74

436

1QK

70

58

Klfi

112

112

99

58

74

108

274

78

50

42

35

24

24

22

22

Apr.

15

OO

57

135

235

69

69

41

°,_i

42

61

.19

OQ

27

27

23

23

23

34

23

21

34

23

18

15

13

14

14

12

May

|O

10

8.4

8.4

7 8

7.2

6.8

6.8

a o

9 0

8.8

Q 9

10

7.5

18

77

46

46

26

19

34

26

17

13

11

10

8.0

7.2

6.8

6.2

5.8

June

5.8

5.2

5.8

6.8

6.0

A 9

135

116

36

22

14

11

8.8

8 -

7.2

6.8

5.8

5.3

5.0

4 7

4.3

4.3

4.0

4.3

13

6.2

5.3

6.8

5.2

July

4.5

4.0

0 Q

49

11

19

7.8

6.2

5.3

5.0

4.8

4.3

4 0

3.6

4.0

36

8.0

5.8

5.2

_, 7

4.3

3.8

3.6

3.8

3.8

3.3

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.6

3.2

Aug.

O Q

3 7

4.7

2.9

O ft

9 Q

9 9

3

0

9 1

9 n

1.9

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.5

1.4

1.5

1.4

1.6

1.9

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.3

Sept.

1.1

1

O

1.1

1.1

1 O

1.1

1.0

1 O

1.4

1 9

1.1

1.1

1.0

1.0

.9

.9

.9

1.0

1.3

1.4

1.1

1.1

1.1

.9

1.0

.9

.9

.9

.9

NOTE. Discharge, Dec. 16-20, Jan 1 to Mar. 3, and Mar. 28-31, determined from gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, study of gage-height graph and weather 

records, observer's notes, and comparison with records of near-by streams.

Monthly discharge of Little Tonawanda Creek at Linden, N. Y.,for the year ending

September 30, 1928

[Drainage area, 22 square miles]

Month

April..... ___.____. ____ ._ ______ ._._..

June. .....__..__.___.__»____. ....-..-.-...

July. ..-..--..... . ........

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1.8 

2.5 

7.2 

34 

100 

637 

235 

77 

135 

49 

4.7 

1.4

637

Minimum

0.7 

1.0 

2 

6 

5 

19 

12 

5.8 

4.0 

3.0 

1.2 

.9

.7

Mean

0.997 

1.49 

3.10 

12.1 

18.3 

132 

43.6 

16.1 

17.7 

7.34 

1.90 

1.07

21.4

Per square 

mile

0.045 

.068 

.141 

.550 

.832 

6.00 

1.98 

.732 

.805 

.334 

.086 

.049

.973

Run-off in 

inches

0.05 

.09 

.16 

.63 

.87 

6.92 

9.21 

.84 

.90 

.39 

.10 

.05

13.20
STREAMS TBIBUTABY TO LAKE OUTABIO 75

GENESEE RIVEE AT SCIO, N. Y.

LOCATION. At steel highway bridge a quarter of a mile above Vandermark 

Creek, half a mile above Scio, Allegany County, and 1 mile above 

Knight Creek.

DEAINAGE AEEA. 288 square miles (measured on map issued by United States 

Geological Survey; scale, 1:500,000).

R.ECOEDS AVAILABLE. June 12, 1916, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE.- Vertical staff attached to downstream face of left abutment; read by 

Mrs. Margaret Potter.

DISCHARGE MEASTTEEMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Coarse gravel; shifting occasionally.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.5 feet at 

5.30 p. m. March 4 (discharge, 6,010 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 

0.10 foot several times during August and September (discharge, 16 secondfeet).

1916-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 9.1 feet at noon May 22, 1919 

(discharge, 10,600 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, that of August 

and September, i923.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCTTEACY. Stage-discharge relation changed presumably at time of high water 

March 3. Rating curve used before the change well defined between 20 

and 2,000 second-feet; that used after the change fairly well defined 

between the same limits. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice from 

December to March. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height, corrected for backwater if necessary, to rating table. Records good except for estimated 

periods and for periods when stage-discharge relation was affected by ice 

or rubbish, for which they are fair.

Discharge measurements of Genesee River at Scio, N. F., during the year ending

September SO, 192S

Date

Nov. 10

Jan. 10 

Feb. 2

Made by 

A. W. Harrington ___

B. F. Howe ____

.....do. ___ ...I _ 

Qage 

height

Feet 

0.51

 1.00 

«1.50

Discharge

Sec.-fl. 

53.7

135 

366

Date

Mar. 29

Aug. 16

Made by 

E. B. Shupe ______

A. W. Harrington ___

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.45

.25

Discharge

Sec.-fl. 

384

26.4

Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
76 SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Genesee River at Stio, N. Y.,for the year ending

September SO, 1928

Day

1 _______

2 _________

3......... _ ...

4 _________

5 _________

6... ........

7.. . __ .. 

8 .. ... ..... .

9 ..

10 ...........

11 ..............

12 ______ . ...

13-. __ ........

14 ..............

15. .........

16 ___ . _ . ...

17 . 

18. ..........

19 

20. ..........

21. ___ . ....... *>*>

23..... .........

24...... ........

25 ..............

26 

27 ...........

28 _____ . ...

29 

30 ________

31 ..............

Oct.

sd

V*.

31

29

30

88

84

113

77

62

48

43

40

37

38

36

35

31

26

32

111

81

56

50

48

44

46

38

Nov.

V7

V7

9,8

37

37

38

40

44

49

46

42

40

49

37

52

58

56

44

48

44

48

43

46

43

54

44

43

43

44

44

Dec.

I 140

I

86

80

75

80

100

160

100

70

85

48

48

55

60

55

50

50

50

50

55

55

55

60

85

95

360

300

300

340

Jan.

700

500

340

280

260

OOA

200

170

140

140

130

110

95

QC

130

150

110

170

170

200

260

900

550

480

460

380

280

240

220

220

220

Feb.

OKA

oon

260

220

220

220

180

200

200

180

180

170

140

240

140

130

120

120

120

140

120

120

140

140

150

160

190

190

Mar.

ion

200

1,810

5,060

3,460

1,610

930

860

675

675

675

1,810

1,810

930

592

2,940

1,710

1,160

1,160

795

675

795

2,020

1,420

930

795

648

485

386

460

362

Apr.

340 0-117

°.17

fw;

4,310

2,460

1,420

1,160

860

675

620

592

538

460

410

386

362

317

317

296

256

236

296

256

236

218

200

218

296

256

May

0117

275

256

256

236

OQfi

218

236

386

386

362

795

930

648

735

1,000

860

675

592

538

930

485

410

386

340

317

275

256

236

218

June

200

ISd

158.

tsn

148

180

340

218

160

106

119

98

98

70

72

68

55,

44

42

52

83

51

65

56

July

43

42A*)

538

155

108

88

68

61

CQ

58

56

39

°.7

38

46

41

3438'

33

28

26

24

25

30

26

26

37

42

46

106

Aug.

en

49

£R

56

47

41

36

31

28

26

24

23SB

sd

30

28

27

25

22

25

21

oo

20

19

19

17

17

17

22

22

20

Sept.

10

17

17

on

30

97

Oft

51

49

33

28

97

25

*)A

23

26

28

22

on

21

23

VT

25

23

22

22

22

23

64

37

NOTE. Discharge for the following days estimated from comparison with records of flow of near-by 

streams: Oct. 5-8, Nov. 30, Dec. 1-3, 31, Feb. 3,25, Mar. 21, June 10,18-23, July 29, Aug. 9, 29, and Sept. 

16. Discharge, Oct. 1-31, determined from gage heights corrected for backwater from rubbish by means 

of one discharge measurement and comparison with record of Qenesee River at St. Helena. Discharge, 

Dee. 5 to Mar. 2, determined from gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, study of gage-height graph and weather records, observer's notes, and comparison with records 

of flow of near-by streams.

Monthly discharge of Genesee River at Scio, N. Y., for the year ending September

SO, 1928

[Drainage area, 288 square miles]

Month

April ___ ______________

May . ...

July . . _ .... _ .... ______

The year ________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

113 

58 

360 

900 

850 

5,060 

4,310 

1,000 

340 

538 

59 

54

5,060

Minimum

26 

37 

48 

95 

120 

190 

200 

218 

42 

24 

17 

17

17

Mean

48.7 

44.2 

111 

275 

199 

1,230 

643 

464 

107 

65.6 

29.4 

27.4

271

Per square 

mile

0.169 

.153 

.385 

.955 

.691 

4.27 

2.23 

1.61 

.372 

.228 

.102 

.095

.941

Run-off in 

inches

0.19- 

.17 

.44 1.10= 

.72 

4.92 2.49- 

1.86 

 .42 

.26 

.12: 

.11

12.80-
STEEAMS TaiBUTABY TO LAKE ONTAEIO 77

SENBSEE RIVER AT ST. HELENA, W. 7.

LOCATION. At steel highway bridge in St. Helena, Wyoming County, 5J^ miles 

below Portageville and site of proposed storage dam of New York State 

Conservation Commission and 93^ miles above mouth of Canaseraga Creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 992 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 14, 1908, to September 30, 1923.

GAGEV- Stevens continuous water-stage recorder on left bank below bridge, installed September 28,1917, and a chain gage on upstream side of the highway 

bridge installed August 14, 1908. Water-stage recorder inspected and chain 

gage read by Glenn Streeter.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS, Made from upstream side of highway bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND co NTROL. Gravel and rocks; shifting occasionally.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum open-water stage during year from waterstage recorder, 9.13 feet at 6 p. m. March 16 (discharge, 16,400 second-feet); 

minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 1.92 feet at 11 a. m. August 21 

(discharge, 44 second-feet).

1908-1923: Maximum stage from water-stage recorder, 12.81 feet at 8 a. 

m. May 17, 1916 (discharge,2 44,400 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 

1.70 feet at 5 p. m. October 5 and 8 a. m. October 17, 1913 (discharge, 

about 18 second-feet).

, ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation for medium and low stages changed presumably at time of high water April 5. Rating curve for chain gage used 

before the change fairly well defined between 150 and 2,500 second-feet. 

Rating curve for automatic gage used before the change and rating curve 

for automatic and chain gage used after the change fairly well defined 

between 30 and 30,000 second-feet. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice 

from December to March. Previous to June 19, when lower intake pipe 

was uncovered, chain-gage readings were used during periods when automatic 

gage was not functioning properly due to plugging of intake pipe. Daily 

discharge ascertained by applying to proper rating table mean daily gage 

height, determined by averaging the twice daily chain gage readings or by 

inspection of automatic record, except for days of considerable fluctuation, 

when the discharge is averaged for intervals of day. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Genesee River at St. Helena, N. F., during the year ending September 30, 1923

Date

Nov. 8

Jan. 11

Feb. 6

Made by 

B. F. Howe ______

. _ .do..... __ . _ ....

height

Peel 

2.66

 3.33

 4.41

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

201

41 Q

1,840

Date

Aug. 18

Made by- Gage 

height

Feet 

3.47

1.94

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

987

46.3

« Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

NOTE. Measurements of Nov. 8 and Apr. 2 referred to chain gage; other measurements referred to 

automatic gage.

* Previously published as 43,500 second-feet.
78

Daily di

SUBFACE WAITER SUPPLY, 1023, PART IV

, in second-feet, of Oenesee River at St. Helena, N. Y.t for the year 

ending September, SO, 192S

Day

1.. ______

2. ___ ___

3........ __ .

4. . ..........

5 ............. 

6. ............

7.. ..... 

8. .. 

9- __ . _ 

10.. 

11 .....

12. -......-_..

13... .......

14 .._ .

15. .... ....

16....... ......

17.. ____ 

18.............

10

20 ............

21. . ....

22. _______

23. ............

24 .___ __

26. _______

27... . ._.

28. ............

29. ___ .. ....

30 ...__ ...__.

31 __ ....

Oct.

115

155

155

123

132 

115

89

85

141

158

485

425

354

253

177

203

218

218

108

132

123

85

198

253

276 

354

253

264

230

208

208

Nov.

203

198

177

167

123 

141

167 9in

208

218

208 93n

253

253

1O8

218

264

218

203

235 

198

203

230

224 

230

230

208

230

198

Dec.

203

1,180

785

565

608 

592

542

556

759

776

600 070

349

326

320

300

300

280

280

280

260 

280

280

300

300 

320

400

650

950

650

550

Jan.

550

1,600

1 300

onn

700 

Hen

550

500

460

420

420

420

400

400

380

420

AAf\

500

ccn

7KA

1,000 

1,500

2,600

1,600

1,200 

1,100

900

800

800

800

oftA

Feb.

800

800

1,700

2,800

1,800 

1 400

l.'lOO Qflfi

QAA

QAA

750 7Eft

750

750

850

QCft

700

550

460

400

380 

340

340

340

340 

340

420

500

Mar.

550

800 9 onn

4,600

9,000 

5,500

3,200

o A(\n

2,000

2,000

2,400 j? <¥in

o 9<m

3,700

2,520

Q siwi

7,810

4,830

4,830

2,550

2,220 

3,270

6,970

2,840 

2,440

2,010

1.570

1,140

1,220

OSfi

Apr.

950

QAK

1,090

2,730

10,400 

7 4on

3,950

2 760

o 7 Kfl

1,820

1,690

1,570

1,320

1,120

1,040

Q7n

880

Rdn

Rfifl

fi*tfl

707 

820

880

OTO

870 

820

595

595

556

638

May

680

680

556

518

497 

410

410

OQQ

4S7

595

920

1,260

1 QfiA

1,240

1,480

i ssn

1 "7W1

1,310

1 040

1,160

2,080 

1,340

1,020

Q7fl

820 

680

595

518

476

435

385

June

350

306

285

285

322 

362

476

638

680

556

448

3 OS

801

285

327

285

9.47

252

211

1QR

166

147,

137

140

147 

185

194

228

194

270

July

206

166

185

518

385 

327

S)4

211

174

237

137

137

130

429

442

275

174

147

111

108

117

117

137 

134

124

111

88

462

580

Aug..

362

OQ7

202

185

185

1QE

151

144

134

O4

111

70

102

105

105

100

QA

82

86

70

79 

83

68

QA

72 

50

52

62

65

68

72

Sept.

72

75

80

68

75 

80

80

85

07

105

111 ing

Q7

91

88

88

75

75

75

75

137 

301

162

117

117 

111

111

429

233

170

NOTE. Discharge for the following days when water-stage recorder not operating satisfactorily esti' 

mated from hydrograph and fragmentary automatic record: Oct. 1-4, Dee. 5, 26, 30, Jan. 7, Apr. 1,2,8,9, 

21, June 19-25, July 1-3,7,8, and Sept. 10-13. Chain-gage readings used Oct. 1 to Dec. 4, Feb. 19 to Mar. 3, 

April 24 to May 11, and May 24 to June 18; water-stage recorder not operating satisfactorily. Discharge 

Dec. 15 to Mar. 12, determined from gage heights corrected for Ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, study of observer's notes, gage-height graph and weather records, and comparison with record 

of Genesee Eiver at Scio. ; > Monthly discharge of Genesee River at St. Helena, N. Y. } for the year ending

September SO, 1983

[Drainage area, 992 square miles]

Month

November __________________

April........................................

July ___ . _ ... _ . ______ ............

September __________________

The year.... _ . __ ., ___ .... __ ._

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

485 

264 

1,180 

2,600 

2.800 

9,550 

10,400 

2,080 

680 

580 

362 

429

10,400

Minimum

85 

123 

203 

380 

340 

550 

556 

339 

 137 

88 

50 

68

50

Mean

206 

211 

481 

820 

815 

3,770 

1,760 

919 

300 

224 

115 

, 120

814

Per square 

mile

0.208 

.213 

.485 

.827 

.822 

3.80 

1.77 

.926 

.302 

.226 

.116 

.121

.821

Run-off in 

inches

0.24 

.24 

.66 

.95 

.86 

4.38 

1.98 

1.07 

.34 

.26 

.13 

.14

11.15
STBEAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO 79

GENESEE RIVER AT JONES BRIDGE, NEAR MOUNT MORRIS, N. Y.

LOCATION. At highway bridge known as Jones Bridge, 1^ miles below mouth 

of Canaseraga Creek, 1% miles above mouth of Beards Creek, 5 miles 

below Mount Morris, Livingston County, and 6 miles above Geneseo.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,400 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 22, 1903, to April 30, 1906; August 12, 1908, to 

 December 31, 1913; July 12, 1915, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Gurley seven-day water-stage recorder on right bank; inspected by 

Theron S. Trewer. Prior to 1915 a chain gage fastened to upstream side of 

highway bridge was used. Datum of water-stage recorder, 540 feet New 

York State Conservation Commission datum, and 2.73 feet higher than 

that of chain gage.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from footbridge erected on lower chord of 

upstream bridge truss or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Sandy clay; fairly permanent in recent years.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum open-water stage during year from waterstage recorder, 19.47 feet at 8 p. m. April 5 (discharge, 12,200 second-feet); 

minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 0.20 foot from 7 to 9 p. m. 

September 14 and 1 to 3 p. m. September 18 (discharge, 45 second-feet).

1903-1906, 1908-1913, and 1915-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 25.44 

feet at noon May 17, 1916 (discharge, 55,100 second-feet);'minimum stage, 

2.7 feet (old datum) at 6 p. m. August 29,1909 (discharge, about 18 secondfeet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. Operation of mills at Mount Morris causes considerable diurnal 

fluctuation during low-water period.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected by 

ice from December to March. Rating curve well defined between 50 and 

4,000 second-feet and fairly well defined between 4,000 and 20,000 secondfeet. Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory except as indicated in 

footnote to daily-discharge table. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

to rating table mean daily gage height determined by inspection of gageheight graph or for days of considerable fluctuation, by averaging discharge 

for intervals of day. Records good, except during periods of estimate, for 

which they are fair.

Discharge measurements of Genesee River at Jones Bridge, near Mount Morris, N. Y., 

during the year ending September SO, 1928

Date

Nov. 6

7

Jan. 15 

Feb. 6

Made by 

.... .do _________

B. P. Howe ______

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.33

1.33

 4.63 

 6.96

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

284

283

564 

1,640

Date

Mar. 27

Apr. 7

Aug. 19

Made by 

A. W. Harrington 

Gage 

height

Feet 

6.64

12.73

.82

Discharge

Sec.-/*. 

2,790

7,300

149

 Stage-discharge relation affected by toe.
80 SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Genesee River at Jones Bridge, near Mount 

Morris, N. Y., for the year ending September SO, 1923

Day

1. __ ..... ...

2... ___ - .....

3. .... ...

4... ...........

5 ... .... ....

6 _ ..-_ _

7.- - 

8 .

9- 

10 

11.. 

12.. 

13 

14

15 ........

16 __ --..... 

17. - -

18 _.. 

19- . 

20,- 

91

22-.... .-

24 __ ... .......

25- 

9fi

27 __ 

28 ____ -- 

29 i30 ___ ........

31 __ ..........

Oct.

237

241

201

196

195

17*

207

232

310

503

605

476

406

358

314

310

293

280

264

254

224

239

304

432

436

370

332

286

286

270

Nov.

260

264

270

262

991

270

OQO

9Q4.

306

334

362

321

321

300

293

293

321

336

304

321

314

293

310

310

314

270

ia)

Dec.

640

Jan.

1,120

Feb. Mar.

>

6,200

7,520

6,500

4,060

3,360

5,300

7,700

5,300

3,710

2,800

2,260

1,520

1,700

1,760

Apr.

1,460

1,280 i j.fin

2,870

9

OBA

11,200

7,160

4,860

3,850 9 son

2,390

2,320

2,130

1,880

1,580

1,460

1 460

1,370

1,280

1,230

1,230

1,090

1,120

1,260

1,060

QOQ

7Qfi

790

R4*

May

ft79

C79

762

7flS

630

CAR

545

545

fine

7on

1 040

1,040

2,200

2,010

1,460

2,000

9 dfin

i Qdn

1,520

1,280

i don

9 ^Qfl

1 £Sft

1,200

1 040

QOC

790

680

570

KOI

June

AQA

AtLA

OQC

<t97

423

485

eon

845

7Qfl

605

521

4.97

390

358

347

OQQ

007

286

267

9W

OOft

ISfi

91fi

260

254

9fi4

093

July

OQO

91 fl

224

248

4ftQ

485

qoi

ffKA

257

230

233

218

227

196

686

710

394

304

260

239

196

190

196

4fi1

Aug.

605*

5>7Q

286

OKJ.

91 0

997

99A

O1A

145

170

122

103

14S

i*>c

121

 ma

153

103

105

106

106

110

117

158

66

QR

(JO

79

105

Sept.

QA

110

114

IQffc

130

170

74 1301

101

Qfi

96

125

104

Sfcf

188

169

152

236

9OJ.

NOTE. Discharge for the following periods when recorder did not operate estimated by comparison 

with records of flow at other stations in the basin: Nov. 26 to Mar. 17, Mar 20-26,31, July 7,8,22-29, Aug. 

12,26, and Sept. 2-10.

Monthly discharge of Genesee River at Jones Bridge, near Mount Morris, N. Y. t 

for the year ending September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 1,400 square miles]

Month

December 

February...: _ .....

April........................................

May _ ;_-. ___ . t

June .; _ __ __ . ___

July ......... ,.... ... ... .. ........

August __ _ _ _ __

The year ...... .......................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximun

605 

362

11,200 

2,460 

845 

710 

605 

368

11,200

Minimum

175 

221

1,520 

790 

621 

186 

135 

66 

74

66

Mean

305 

301 

640 

1,120 

1,110 

5,220 

2,440 

1,150 

387 

282 

168 

, 146.

1,110

Per square 

mile

0.218 

.215 

.457 

.800 

.793 

3.73 

1.74 

.821 

.276 

.201 

.120 

.104

.793

Run-off in

inches

0.25 

.24 

.53 

.92 

.83 

4.30 

1.94 

.95 

.31 

.23 

;14 

.12

10.76
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO 81

GENESEE RIVER AT DRIVING PARK AVENUE, ROCHESTER, N. Y.

LOCATION. In station No. 5 of Rochester Gas & Electric Corporation, 400 feet 

above Driving Park Avenue Bridge, 1J^ miles northwest of center of city of 

Rochester, Monroe County, and 5 miles above mouth.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,460 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. December 17,1919, to September 30,1923.

GAGE. Gurley seven-day water-stage recorder in northwest corner of old power 

house; inspected by employee of the Rochester Gas & Electric Corporation.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 2,000 feet below gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Coarse gravel and large broken rock; practically permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 11.20 feet at 3 p. m. March 13 (discharge, 19,300 second-feet); minimum stage is reached nearly every day during low-water period when power 

plant shuts down.

1919-1923: Maximum discharge recorded, about 26,000 second-feet at 

2.30 p. m. March 17, 1920 (observed at Court Street dam).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. The Barge Canal crosses the river near the southern line of the 

city of Rochester. It discharges water into Genesee River from Lake Erie 

and diverts water to the east for canal purposes.

REGULATION. Daily discharge affected by storage for power purposes at 

Rochester and points upstream.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent. Rating curve fairly 

well defined between 20 and 20,000 second-feet. Operation of water-stage 

recorder satisfactory except as indicated in footnote to daily-discharge table 

Daily discharge ascertained by averaging the discharge for bihourly intervals of the day. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Genesee River at Driving Park Avenue, Rochester, N. F., 

during the year ending September SO, 1923

Date

Nov. 4 

5

Jan. 5

Made by 

A. W. Harrington ___ 

 .do ............

B. F. Howe ............

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.84

2.76

3.76

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

993 

887

2,030

Date

Mar. 26

Made by 

Shape and Davidson".

Gage 

height

Feet 

5.81 

2.76

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

5,150 

928

> Engineer, Eochester Gas & Electric Corporation.
82 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Genesee River at Driving Park Avenue, Rochester, 

N. Y., for the year ending September 80, 1928

Date

1. _____

2 _______

3 

4. __ . .....

5 ______ _.

6

7 . .....

8. ______ .

9. __ . _____

10 _______

11 . _. __ .

12 ._.________.

13 ____________

14 ___ . _____

15 ____________

16. ... _____

17 __ _ ___ .

18. ______

19- ___ . _

30 .______.

21 _______

22 ___ . __ .

23 _______

24 ____ _ 

25 _______

26 ____ ....

27 .. ___

28 ______

29 ______

80 _

31 ___ _

Oct.

790

882

899

809

71 Q

883

753

856

1,030

977

1,230

1,270 

1,130

995

QQO

1,010

1,050

914

QAO

896

688

1,040

814 

1,070

1,060

1,060

827

931

897

911

Nov.

844

QQO

809

800

700

850

800

741

ft 7Q

Qftft

QHft

1,010

800

QQO

QQA

1,050

949

981

997

1,010

1,030

939

1,000 

998

991

871

924

973

1,000

Dee.

1,060

927

1,330

l A.WI

1,250

1,050

1,070

1,220

1 37fl

1 330

1,410

2,010 

620

620

700

con

866

849

7KK

1,030

875

919

806 

841

936

1,060

1,260

1,220

1 ^Rfi

1 ' 430

Jan.

1,050

1,180

O QQrt

O OKA

9 9ftft

1,850

1,600

1 300

1,120

1,210

1,310

1,240

1,230 

1,160

1,010

1,030

1>030

1,110

1,090

1,100

1,500

9 97ft

2,200 

2,440

2 4.9ft

9 i9Q

9 f\A(\

1,740

1 400

1 ^ft

Feb.

1 9Qft

1 3Qft

4,510

5,760

O OftA

9 380

9 o^ft

O 1 AA

1- OTA

1,720

1,430 

1,400

1,430

1,410

1 240

1,080

1,040

960

1,030

1,070

1,000

1,010 

856

875

851

914

Mar.

1,100

1,360

9 fi9ft

8,990

14,400

16, 400

17,500

14,500

10,500

7,080

6 400

9*180

17,200

ID OAn

1Q ftftft

9 430

15 300

16, 200

79 OAfl

G fi-lft

5,490

6,760

10,900 

9,100

5,620

4,500

3,790

3,200

2,800

9 4nn

Apr.

9 Aflfl

2 000

2,600

7,660

14,800

14,600

6 440

A Q*V1

3,910 <j iwn

3,360

0 Artrt

9 7.1ft

2,180

2,030

1,890

1 7QO

1,670

1,470

1,260

1,500

1,260 

1,170

928

845

800

389

1 970

May

1,800

1 7Qft

1,760

1,620

1,560

1,470

1,450

1,430

1,570

1,740

1 800

2,000

2,180 

3,230

2,720

2,760

3,600

3,770

3,250

2,860

2,600

1,680

1,840

1,610

1,630

i son

June

1,410

1,450

1,440

1,380

1,440

1,510

1,680

0 IDA

3,610

2,830

2,260

1,800 

1,630

1,380

1 360

1,230

1,380

1,280

1,120

992

939

959

994 

1,000

1,150

1,230

970

1,120

1,100

July

1,090

1,120

950

950

1,090

1 37ft

1,440

1,200

1 fl4fl

881

1,020

QOA

998 

936

969

998

1,640

1,630

1,010

899

931

936 

802

I 900

879

813

871

Aug.

990

1,120

900

897

976

855

971

865

888

712

905

795

820

829

771

890

796

985

768

700 

700

712

740

819

879

838

851

Sept.

804

726

810

703

686

7K7

764

7QO

694

738

787

777

881

911

778

792

731

770

799

866

850

925

924 

961

877

990

962

880

854

NOTE. Discharge for the following periods when water-stage recorder was not operating satisfactorily, 

estimated from fragmentary automatic record and comparison with record of Genesee River at Jones 

Bridge: Nov 6, 7,10,11,13, Dec. 15,16, Jan. 22, 24, Mar. 7, 8,15, 29-31, Apr. 2-4,14, 28, May 12, 21-26, 

June 2, July 3, 4, 26-28 Aug. 4, 24,25, and Sept. 22.

Monthly discharge of Genesee River at Driving Park Avenue, Rochester, N. Y.t for 

the year ending September 301 1923

[Drainage area, 2,460 square miles]

Month

March __ _ __________________

April..___.____.^_____.__..__________________

July......_............. ._. . ........ .

August __ __ _____________ . ____

September __________________

The year. ________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,270 

1,050 

2,010 

2,880 

5,760 

18,300 

14,800 

3,770 

3,610 

1,640 

1,150 

990

18,300

Minimum

688 

678 

620 

1,010 

851 

1,100 

389 

1,430 

939 

802 

700 

686

389

Mean

938 

909 

1,100 

1,590 

1,820 

9,050 

3,460 

2,200 

1,580 

1,050 

857 

822

2,120

Per square 

mile

0.381

.370 

.447 

.646 

.740 

3.68 

1.41 

.894 

.642 

.427 

.348 

.334

.862

Run-off in 

inches

0.44 

.41 

.52 

.74 

.77 

4.24 

1.57 

1.03 

.72 

.49 

.40 

.37

11.70

Note. The figures on discharge and run-off given above do not represent the natural flow from the 

drainage area on aecouat of inflow and diversion at the crossing of the Barge Canal during the navigation 

season.
83

CANASEEAGA CHEEK NEAR DANSVILLE, N. Y.

LOCATION. At highway bridge 1 mile west of Dansville, Livingston County, half 

a mile below mouth of Mill Brook and 22 miles above mouth.

DRAINAGE AREA. 158 square miles (furnished by New York State Conservation Commission).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 21, 1910, to December 31, 1912; July 10, 1915, to 

June, 30, 1917; March 10, 1919, to June 16, 1919; March 17, 1920, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Gurley seven-day water-stage recorder installed October 19, 1920, on left 

abutment. During winter a vertical staff at the same location is used because 

of unsatisfactory operation of water-stage recorder. Recorder inspected and 

staff gage read by Frank S. Fox.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Sand and gravel; shifting frequently.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 11.20 feet 

(staff gage reading) at 4 p. m. March 4, (discharge, determined.from logarithmic extension of rating curve, about 3,500 second-feet); minimum stage from 

water-stage recorder, 6.26 feet from 11 p. m. September 2 to 5 a. m. September 

3 (discharge, 14 second-feet).

1910-1912; 1915-1917; 1919-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 13 feet at 

9.30 p. m. May 16, 1916 (discharge, determined from logarithmic extension 

of rating curve, roughly 6,600 second-feet); minimum discharge, 14 secondfeet September 10, 1921, and September 2 and 3, 1923.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent until after spring breakup 

when it became practically permanent for the remainder of the year; affected 

by ice from December to March. Rating curve used subsequent to March 

3 fairly well defined between 10 and 1,000 second-feet. Daily discharge 

ascertained by applying to rating table mean daily gage height as observed 

or as determined by inspection of gage-height graph, or for days of considerable fluctuation, by averaging discharge for intervals of day; shifting-control method used October 1 to December 16. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Canaseraga Creek near Dansville, N, Y., during the year

ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 10

Nov. 10

Jan. 12

Made by 

B. F. Howe ............

Gage 

height

Feet 

7.01

6.80

«6.89

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

98.5

54.6

65.8

Date

Feb. 7

Mar. 28

Aug. 16

Made by 

A. W. Harrington _ ...

Gage 

height

Feet 

«7.26

7.10

6.35

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

114

178

21.8

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
84 SITKFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Canaseraga Creek near Dansville, N. Y., for the 

year ending September 80, 1928

Day

1 ________

2 ___ .. ___

3 - _ . ___

4 _________

5 _________

6 ___ _____

7 ___ .. __ .

8 ___ . .__ 

9 ___ . ____

10 ____ . _____

11 ._____..______

12 ______________

13_____._. ______

14 ______________

15 _______ .

16. __ ... ______

17 ____ . _____

18 ___.._.. _ 

19 _.___...______

20 ________

21 ___ . _______

22 ________

23 ____ .. ____

24 __._._..______

25 _________

26 ___ .... _____

27 __._.___ 

28 __ _________

90

30 ________

Ql

Oct.

52

52

52

50

50

49

52

60

70

92

92

68

63

55

52

53

52 * 49

49

47

46

45

55

78

63

58

53

52

49

47

46

Nov.

46

46

4fi

47

46

50

52

52

56

55

52

50

47

46

50

50

49

47

46

46

45

46

45

47

45

43

46

45

43

43

Dee.

72

95

65

58

60

50

47

56

80

60

95

65

65

65

65

53

42

36

36

36

36

36

38

42

55

90

180

110

110

95

Jan.

240

160

120

110

95

85

75

70

70

65

70

65

60

64

60

75

70

100

100

130

160

440

200

160

110

95

90

85

80

85

80

Feb.

95

280

fiCA

340

220

120

100

95

80

70

70

80

80

95

95

90

80

75

70

60

55

50

46

34

48

46

55

55

Mar.

90

120

1,400

3,300

1,110

440

342

270

239

221

299

1,180

792

365

247

1,980

760

520

492

320

286

342

825

492

320

258

203

170

170

170

155

Apr.

155

155

164

320

1,260

695

440

365

286

239

232

221

196

170

155

155

140

140

140

140

136

126

137

124

111

103

99

103

116

101

May

94

89

00

78

78

78

78

68

118

126

126

164

170

135

113

196

203

140

140

113

221

164

140

108

101

89

78

68

68

68

68

June

59

59v\

50

50

59

59

94

135

78

64

68

50

50

54

50

50

50

50

43

36

36

30

30

27

54

43

59

68

50

July

37

33

30

43

36

34

33

30

27

25

27

26

25

24

43

316

99

68

52

42

36

30

28

30

48

35

30

33

30

29

30

Aug.

27

24

OK

25

23

22

21

22

22

20

19

19

IS

18

19

20

19

19

18

IS

18

20

19

18

19

19

19

20

21

19

18

Sept.

18

17

17

19

21

22

19

37

28

22

21

21

21

21

20

19

19

18

19

20

23

46

26

25

23

23

22

22

23

83

NOTE. Discharge for the following days estimated or interpolated because of missing gage-height record: 

Dec. 11-13, Feb. 5, Apr. 30. May 1-6, and Sept. 20-25. Staff gage readings used Dec. 14 to Apr. 22, and 

May 7 to June 30, when there was no record from water-stage recorder. Discharge, Dec. 17 to Mar. 3 

determined from gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, study of 

observer's notes, gage-height graph, and weather records.

Monthly discharge of Canaseraga Creek near Dansville, N. Y., for the year ending

September 80,1928

[Drainage area, 158 square miles}

Month

April _________ . __________ .

July. ________ . ___ ..... ........

September . .................................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

92 

56 

180 

440 

650 

3,300 

1,260 

221 

135 

316 

27 

46

3,300

Minimum

45 

43 

36 

60 

34 

90 

99 

68 

27 

24 

18 

17

17

Mean

56.5 

47.6 

65.5 

112 

116 

577 

231 

115 

55.2 

45.5 

20.3 

22.5

122

Per square 

mile

0,358 

.301 

.415 

.709 

.734 

3.65. 

1.46 

.728 

.349 

.288 

.128 

.142

.772

Run-oft in 

inches

0,41 

.34 

.48 

.82 

.76 

4.21 

1.63 

.84 

.39 

.33 

.15 

.16

10.52
STREAMS >TB£BUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO 85

KESHEQTTA CREEK AT CRAIG GOIONT, SONYEA, N. 7.

LOCATION. 200 feet downstream from private bridge on grounds of Craig Colony at Son yea, Livingston County, and 2^ miles above mouth.

DRAINAGE AREA. 70 square miles (measured by New York State Conservation 

Commission).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 31, 1917, to September 30, 1923, at present site; 

July 22, 1910, to December 31, 1912, at a site 200 feet upstream. August 

29, 1915, to October 31, 1917, at a site 1 mile downstream.

GAGE. Vertical staff in three sections on retaining wall on left bank just above 

the concrete dam for pumping plant of Craig Colony; read by A. J. Porter.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of private bridge 

above gage or by wading.

CONTROL. Concrete dam with two crests of equal elevation separated by a trough 

18 inches wide which serves as an intake for the Craig Colony pumping 

plant; permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 3.06 feet at 6 

p. m. March 3 (discharge, 1,780 second-feet); minimum discharge, 0.7 second-foot at 5 p. m. August 24.

1917-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 5.9 feet at 10 a. m. May 22, 1919 

(discharge not determined); minimum discharge, 0.7 second-foot August 20, 

1918, and August 24, 1923.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected by 

ice from December to March and by sandbag on dam during August and September. Rating curve fairly well defined between 1 and 1,500 second-feet. 

Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Keshequa Creek at Craig Colony, Sonyea, N. Y., during 

the year ending September SO, 1988

Date

Oct. 10

Nov. 7

Jan. 12

Made by 

__ do _ . ______

Gage 

height

feet 

0.77

.44 «.64

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

34.0

7.89

18.8

Date

Feb. 6

Aug. 18

Made by- Gage 

height

Feet ".73

'.21

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

27.9

1.31

 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

* Stage-discharge relation affected by sand bag on control.
86 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily di charge, in second-feet, of Keshequa Creek'at Craig Colony, Sonyea, N. F,,, 

for the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 __ . _

2- .........

3. __ ... .....

4. ___ .. .....

5 ___ .. ......

6 ___ . ...

7.......... ....

8 -_

9. .............

10 _________

11 ____ . ......

12 ..............

13 ____ . ......

14... _ .. ______

15. ___ .... __

16. ___ ... __ .

17..............

18. __ ........

19 ___ ... .....

20. __ _.. ._.

21. __ ........

22 ..... .__...

23 .........____.

24.......... _ .

25 ___ . ....

26. .............

27. ____ .

28......... ....

29 ____ __

30. ___ ... ...

31. __ .........

Oct.

5 9

4.9

4.4

4.6

4.6

4.1

4.1

5.2

12

23

21

11

8.1

7.2

7 9

Q ft

7.6

8.1

5.7

11

<\ Q

7 9

18

12

10

9.1

9 1

6.7

6.7

6.2

Nov.

9 a

6.7

6.7

10

7.2

6.2

9

1

8.1

9.6

S

i

8.1

7.2

7 9

9.6

9.1

10

7 9

7 9

7 9

6.2

8.6

8.1

Q 1

10

9.1

9

1

9.6

a t

9.1

Q 1

Dec.

9 ft

99

& 1

11

19

8.6

5 Q

19

22

14

9 1

12

7 9

7.6

8.1

6

4

4

4

4

4

4

5

7

11

20

30

99

15

11

Q_1

Jan.

120

QC

55

40

30

22

11

11

11

13

14

1Q

14

10

11

14

17

99

24

65

170

120

70

44

38

36

26

24

19

99

Feb.

35

130

44-ft

120

55

36

28

19

17

14

14

16

22

24

17

14

10

9

7

7

5

3

5

6

11

90

Mar.

60

on

300

J,070

OAO

100

79

58

60

86

150

1,010

OQ1

105

68

780

997

126

150

51

68 inn

298

132

51

61

41

Ol

36

41

25

Apr.

6.2

1Q

41

115

730

258 -IQO

110

66

US

60

50

47

40

36

<*fi

Q1

29

27

97

28

26

31

97

22

1 Q

20

17

25

21

May

99

17

17

17

14

fO

19

12

18

27

OK

31

44

28

V7

46

Q1

9Q

99

1Q

^_-t

1Q

97

20

18

17

12

12

11

10

10

June

9.6

8.1

7.6

8.1

9.1

7.2

10

14

15

11

10

7.6

6.2

6.2

6.2

6 9

5.7

5.2

5.2

4.1

4.4

3.4

3.2

3.4

2.1

6.2

9.6

5.7

12

7 9

July

5.7

4.1

4.1

8.1

6.2

7.2

4.1

4.6

3.6

3.9

3.6

3.4

3.0

3.0

13

236

90

12

9.1

.7.2

4.6

3

D

3.6

3.6

7.6

6.2

5.7

4. 1

3.9

3.6

3.6

Aug.

3.4

3.6

3.2

3.2

2.8

<* n

2.4

1.7

2.6

9 1

1.7

1.0

1.0

1.2

1.5

1 9

1 Q

1.6

1.3

1.0

1.0

1.5

1 9

.9

1.2

1.5

1.3

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.6

Sept.

1.3

1.2

1.0

.9

1.5

1.9

3.2

2.5

2.0

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.5

1.1

1.5

1.7

1.9

1.3

2.1

2.1

2.5

25

7.6

5.2

5.7

3.0

2.8

3.2

4.1

2.8

NOTE. Discharge for thefollowing days when gage was not read, estimated, or interpolated: Dec. 10,15, 

Jan. i, 23-25, April 14, July 11, Aug. 7,29, and Sept. 8 and 9. Discharge, Dec. 16 to Mar. 3, determined from 

gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge measurements, study of observer's notes, 

gage-height graph and weather records, and comparison with records of Canaseraga Creek near Dansville, 

Discharge, Aug. 12 to Sept. 30, determined from gage heights corrected for backwater effect from obstruction on dam by means of two discharge measurements.

Monthly discharge of Keshequa Creek at Craig Colony, Sonyea, N. Y., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 70 square miles]

Month

December. ___ ' ______________

March ____________________

April........................................

July....... __ .... __ . ____ ....... _ ..

The year _______________ _.

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

23 

10 

34 

170 

440 

1,070 

730 

46 

15 

236 

3.6 

25

1,070

Minimum

4.1 

6.2 

4 

10 

3 

25 

6.2 

10 

2.1 

3.0 

.9 

.9

.9

Mean

8.73 

8.34 

11.5 

39.1 

39.4 

198 

71.8 

22.3 

7.32 

13.6 

1.80 

3.19

35.5

Per square 

mile

0.125 

.119 

.164 

.559 

.563 

2.83 

1.03 

.319 

.105 

.194 

.026 

.046

.507

Run-off in 

inches

0.14 

.13 

.19 

.64 

.59 

3.26 

1.15 

.37 

.12 

.22 

.03 

.05

6.89
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO 87

CONESUS CREEK NEAR IAKEVI1IE, N. 7.

LOCATION. At highway bridge known locally as Millville Bridge, 1^ miles north 

of Lakeville, Livingston County, and outlet of Conesus Lake.

DRAINAGE AREA. 71 square miles (furnished by New York State Conservation 

Commission).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 13, 1919, to September 30,1923.

GAGE. Vertical staff bolted to upstream side of right abutment of bridge; read 

by W. B. Milliman.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge about a quarter of a 

mile downstream or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. A rectangular weir, 2.01 feet long and 0.67 foot high 

under upstream side of bridge. When the water overtops this weir it flows 

over a 2-inch plank 25.75 feet long, including the 2 feet of weir. The theoretical stage-discharge relation does not apply on account of leakage under 

the left abutment and around the right end of weir. During night of 

March 11, 1923, the weir was carried out by ice and debris from the lake; 

the control then became a 2 by 4 inch timber bolted to concrete apron under highway bridge.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum discharge recorded during year, 202 second-feet at 10 a. m. March 20; minimum discharge, about 3 second-feet 

December 15-21.

1919-1923: Maximum discharge recorded, that of March 20, 1923; minimum discharge, about 2.5 second-feet several times during October and November, 1921.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. No water is diverted from Conesus Lake above the station.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent, except as affected 

by ice from December to night of March 11, when weir was carried away 

by ice and debris. Rating curve for weir fairly well defined between 4 and 

150 second-feet. Rating curve for temporary control fairly well defined between 3 and 150 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily 

discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. 

Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Conesus Creek near Lakeville, N. Y., during the year 

ending September 80,1928

Date

Oct. 11

Nov. 5

Jan. 13

Made by- Gage 

height

Feet 

0.85

.64 a.98

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

13.1

5.5

22.5

Date

Jan. 31

Apr. 4

Aug. 19

Made by 

A. W. Harrington ___

Gage 

height

Fee . 

"1. li

.72

- .16

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

30.4

118

14.0

<* Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
88 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Conesus Creek near Lakeville, N. Y., for the year 

ending September SO, 1928

Day

1. _______

2 _____

3... ____ .___

4 ______ . _

5 ______________

6. _____________

7 _.

8. _ _ ______

9. _____ _

10 - _________

11 ________

12 __ . _________

13 ______ . ___

14 __ . _________

15. ___ . _ . ___

16 ______ . _

17 .._._ 

18__________. ...

19 ______________

20 ______ .___

21- __ .. ______

22. ___ . _______

23 __ ... _ . _

24______.. __ __

25.. _________

26 _ : _____

27 ___ . _______

28. _ .. ___.__

29 _ ___ _____

30 _._ 

31... __ _ ______

Oct.

14

15

14

15

15

14

14

14

15

17

16

16

15

15

14

13

13

12

12

11

10

11

12

11

11

12

7 1

5.6

5.0

4.6

4.5

Nov.

4.4

A K

f. 9

5.6

5.4

6.0

6.8

7.6

7.6

8.8

8.5

8.5

7.6

7.6

7.0

6.6

7.6

6.6

4.9

A Q

4.7

4.8

4.8

4.3

4 Q

4.9

7.6

4.7

4.7

4.6

Dec.

Q 7

6.0

4.2

4.0

6

0

4.0

3.7

3 0

4.4

A O

4.0

4.0

3.6

3 A

3

3.5

3.5

3.7

Q Q

4.5

4.9

4.5

4 1

4

5

Jan.

7

16

ia

18

18

17

IQ

17

ia

20

24

28

ia

16

13

13

13

16

16

22

24

26

28

26

24

22

24

28

28

36

Feb.

3A

34

36

36

38

40

38

34

32

30

28

30

28

32

36

32

28

28

26

24

18

16

15

15

15

18

24

34

Max.

36

50

65

80

88

94

101

101

94

101

108

176

i4ft

138

130

168

168

176

184

176

160

168

168

168

168

160

160

152

145

145

138

Apr.

145

 too

IOQ

115

152

152

152

145

152

152

138

138

130

122

115

108

108

108

108

101

101

04

94

94

94

87

82

79

79

75

May

74

71

fiQ

69

66

64

62

62

64

61

61

61

59

62

60

61

59

56

56

56

54

53

54

54

56

47

44

42

41

38

June

36

84

DC

38

1Q

38

47

55

Crt

45

40

35

qo

30

28

24

July

22

30

Aug.

16

13

11

12

9.7

9.7

10

9.7

11

12

13

12

13

12

Sept.

12

11

1O

11

10

11

12

13

11

11

10

9.7

9.7

9.1

9.7

9.7

9.1

8.4

9.1

9.7

9.7

11

12

11

11

10

9.7

9.7

9.7

9.1

NOTE. Discharge for the following periods when gage-height recprd was doubtful estimated by comparison with record of Keshequa Creek at Oraig Colony Dec. 15-21, Mar. 13, June 15 to Aug. 18. Discharge, Dec. 30 to Mar. 4, determined from gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of two discharge 

measurements, study of observer's notes, gage-height graph and weather records and comparison with 

records of flow of near-by streams.

Monthly discharge of Conesus Creek near Lakeville, N. Y., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 71 square miles]

Month

October. ___________________

November .. _________________

January _____________________

February ____________________

March.. ___________________

April. _ . _ . _ . _ _ _ __ __ _ May ______________ _________

June ____ ___________________________

July..... __.._ ._ __ 

August __ _________________

September __________________

The year ________ ._ __ ______

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

17

8.8 

9.7 

36 

40 

184 

152 

74 

55

13

184

Minimum

4.5 

43

7 

15 36 ' 

75 

38

9.7

8.4

Mean

12.2 

6.05 

4.15 

20.0 

28.6 

132 

115 

58.0 

31.4 

26.1 

14.1 

10.4

38.3

Per square 

mile

0.172 

.085 

.058 

.282 

.403 

1.86 

1.62 

.817 

.442 

.368 

.199 

.146

.539

Kun-off in 

inches

0.20 

.09 

.07 

.33 

.42 

2.14 

1.81 

.94 

.49 

.42 

.23 

.16

7.30
STREAMS TBIBUTAEY TO LAKE ONTARIO

89'

CAKADICE LAKE OUTLET HEAR HEMLOCK. N. Y.

LOCATION. At outlet of Canadice Lake, Livingston County. Outlet flows into 

Genesee River through Canadice Lake outlet and Honeoye Creek.

DRAINAGE AKEA. 12.6 square miles, of which 1 square mile is lake surface.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April, 1903, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Hook, in channel above weir.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Outflow is measured over a standard thin-edged weir 

with a 5-foot crest and two end contractions so arranged with needle timbers 

at the ends that the length may be increased to 14.96 feet. No end contractions during high water. The weir crest stands 3.14 feet above the 

stream channel, which is artificial with a plank bottom and vertical sides, 

and the crest is never submerged by backwater. Two additional rectangular 

gates, each 1 foot square with three complete contractions and a fourth incomplete contraction at the bottom.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice as the pool above the weir is 

free from ice throughout the winter.

DIVERSIONS. No water is diverted from Canadice Lake above the station.

REGULATION. Outflow of lake is regulated by bulkhead and gates at dam above 

weir.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve used is expressed 

by Francis formula. Corrections are made for velocity of approach for 

high stages. Gage read to hundredths once daily. Records good.

COOPERATION. Data collected, computed, and furnished for publication by the 

city engineer of Rochester.

Monthly discharge of Canadice Lake outlet near Hemlock, N. Y., for the year ending

September SO,

[Drainage area, 12.6 square miles]

Month

February . ...

March . ____ . ............ April __ _______ .. .

Mean 

discharge

Sec.-ft. 

4.143

.213

6.616

7.290

10.858

27.867 

29.988

Mean 

elevation 

of lake 

above low 

water 

mark

Feet 

1.356

1 9fU

.943

.758

.986

2.321- 

2.257

Month

July.............. __ ....

September . ....

Mean 

discharge

Sec.-ft. 

14.588

6.479

3.174

2.781

1.600

9.626

Mean 

elevation 

of lake 

above 

low 

water 

mark

Feet 

n Qfu.

.673

.247

-.610

-1.261

0.821

CNOTE. Terminal water surface for the year was 3.14 feet lower than for the previous year, corresponding to a loss in storage of 89,483,164 cubic feet, or a discharge of 2.837 second-feet for the year. This correction applied to the above gives 6.788 second-feet, equivalent to 0.539 second-foot per square mile or a 

run-off of 7.298 inches from the drainage area.

OWASCO LAKE OUTLET NEAR AUBURN, N. Y.

LOCATION. On farm of Charles H. Pearce, 2 miles below center of Auburn* 

Cayuga County, and 3% miles below State dam at outlet of Owasco Lake,

DRAINAGE AREA. 206 square miles (measured on topographic maps.)

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 17, 1912, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Gurley seven-day water-stage recorder on left bank; inspected by Mrs. 

Charles H. Pearce.
90 SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable directly opposite gage or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AN0 CONTROL. The control is artificial and consists of a low concrete 

dam 100 feet long 25 feet below the gage. The elevation of crest of left 

half of dam is 1.28 feet gage datum; right half of dam is at elevation of 2.13 

feet.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage 

recorder, 3.61 feet at 2 p. m. March 24 (discharge, 1,230 second-feet); minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 1.50 feet at 3.30 p. m. September 

23 (discharge, 14 second-feet).

1912-1923: Maximum stage, 6.4 feet during period March 25-30, 1913, 

determined by leveling from floodmarks (discharge, 2,750 second-feet); 

minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 1.38 feet (effective) at Tjp. m. August 

21, 1920 (discharge, 3.8 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seldom affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. An average flow of about 10 second-feet is pumped from Owasco 

Lake for the municipal water supply of the city of Auburn. Proportion 

returning to stream above the gaging station is not known.

REGULATION. Large diurnal fluctuation in flow during low-water periods due to 

operation of mills in the city of Auburn; seasonal flow regulated at the State 

dam. /-

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except for possible slight backwater effect from ice during the winter and from aquatic growth during the 

late summer. Rating curve well defined below 1,700 second-feet. Operation 

of water-stage recorder satisfactory except as indicated in footnote to daily 

discharge table. Daily discharge ascertained by averaging the discharge 

for bihourly intervals of the day. Records good except for periods of estimate, for which they are fair.

Discharge measurements of Owasco Lake outlet near Auburn, N. Y.f during the year 

ending September SO, 1923

Date

Nov. 3

Jan. 4 

30

Made by 

A. W. Harrington ___

B. F. Howe . 

.....do. _ . ............

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.25

2.39 

2.66

Discharge

See.-ft. 

181

226 

318

Date

Mar. 25

Aug. 20

Made by 

E. B. Shupe..., .......

A.|w. Harrington., 

Qage 

height

Feet 

3.52

2.18

Discharge

See.-/*. 

1,070

14fi
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO 91

Daily discharge, in second~feet, of Owasco Lake outlet near Auburn, N. Y-, for the 

year ending September SO, 192S

Day

1-.

2- ............

3.... _____ ..

4 ...

5 __

6 ..............

7 ..............

8_. .......

9 ____ . .

10. _ . .........

11 ________

12

13 _ . ______

14 ________

15......... .....

16 _______ ...

17 .... ....

18 ..............

19 

20. ... .....

21... ___ _ _____

22 __ . .........

23 ____ .......

24...... __ ....

25 

26. ________

27 ............

28 __ ......

29-. ... ....

30 ..............

31 __ ......

Oct.

157

192

180

181

187

169

175

156

182

201

184

175

176

178

154

173

174

170

179

174

170

164

193

189

175

168

170

166

153

173

166

Nov.

149

144

1OC

145

118

144

135

133

135

125

116

138

130

115

134

76

121

129

130

131

130

148

106

139

142

134

129

Dec.

146

164

79

146

101

100

141

141

130

Jan.

.

i 140

1

160

140

299

280

293

Feb.

291

299

347

330

341

QQQ

324

qoe

318

3fl4

QAO

 JAO

^17

299

266

218

917

232

230

240

224

233

240

232

Mar.

99 K

223

268

324

383

427

110

464

465

464

450

523

538

548

554

668

7Qfl

070

931

944

QfK

915

989 i 13ft

1,130

1,120

1,060

991

946

878

822

Apr.

788

750

640

fLQfi

764

Q73

1,020

1,020

OS*

Q99

077

QflO

7ftR

616

553

KOO

499

442

367

VT>

346

370

338

vn

285

239

259

237

255

May

OCQ

235

OOC

239

247

230.

254

245

236 909

990

oq*>

99ft

253

DCO

470

KA(\

538

465

416

422

372

363

348

333

£96

274

263

202

179

200

June

196

188

188

206

191

199

IftQ

201

219

9/lfl

255

416

344

290

OCA

246

239

262

229

183

192

191

184

174

193

188

174

194

184

186

July

167

193

IftQ

168

160

188

1QC

174

210

1QA

193

200

201

210

192

999

222

209

215

220

220

193

227

216

209

217

227

211

194

225

207

Aug.

193

189

204

237

143

206

919

190

204

186

188

148

196

185

186

181

182

156

180

151

144

150

150

150

136

144

114

134

118

128

Sept.

124

107

120

133

121

80

90

100

112

106

109

99

56

96

112

95

74

98

98

86

89

85

83

81

NOTE. Discharge estimated for the following periods when water-stage recorder was not operating 

satisfactorily: Dec. 9, to Jan. 4, Jan. 6-20,23-30, Feb. 4-8, July 20,21, Aug. 20,24,25, and Sept. 7-14.

Monthly discharge of Owasco Lake outlet near Auburn, N. Y., for the year ending

September SO, 192S

[Drainage area, 206 square miles]

Month

November... ...............................

April _______________________

July ........................................

August ___ . _____ , ___ . ..........

September _________ ............ ....

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

201 

148 

164

347 

1,130 

1,020 

540 

416 

227 

237 

133

1,130

Minimum

153 

76 

79

217 

223 

237 

179 

174 

167 

114 

56

56

Mean

174 

130 

131 

191 

289 

690 

583 

303 

218 

203 

170 

98.8

265

Per square 

mile

0.845 

.631 

.636 

.927 

1.40 

3.35 

2.83 

1.47 

1.06 

.985 

.825 

.480

1.29

Run-off 

in inches

0.97 

.70 

.73 

1.07 

1.46 

3.86 

3. 1C 

1.70 

1.18 

1.14 

.95 

.54

17.46
92 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PABT IV

EAST BRANCH OF FISH CREEK AT TABERG, N. Y.

LOCATION. At steel highway bridge in village of Taberg, Oneida County, just

below mouth of Furnace Creek and 2^ miles above confluence of East and

West branches near Blossvale.

DRAINAGE AREA. 188 square miles (measured on topographic maps). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 1 to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Vertical staff attached to downstream face of left abutment; read by

Alvin Thorn. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of highway bridge or

by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Large and small boulders; shifting occasionally. 

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during the period of

record, 5.66 feet at 6.30 p. m. April 8 (discharge, about 5,180 second-feet);

minimum stage, 0.57 foot at 11.40 a. m. August 21 (measured discharge, 19.8

second-feet). 

ICE. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice during extremely cold

weather. 

REGULATION. Operation of mills upstream causes some diurnal fluctuation of

flow during extremely low water. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during period. Rating curve

fairly well defined between 20 and 1,500 second-feet; extended above. Gage

read to tenths twice daily; accuracy doubtful. Daily discharge ascertained

by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records poor because

of doubtful gage-height record.

Discharge measurements of East Branch of Fish Creek at Taberg, N. Y., during the 

year ending September 80, 1923

Date

Mar. 24

Apr. 17

25

Made by 

Shupe, White," and 

Lampreeht 0 .........

Gage 

height

Feet 

3.54

2.99

3.74

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1.320

868

1,490

Date

Aug. 7 

21

21

Sept. 27

Made by 

Harrington and White. 

A. W. Harrington. . ....

.....do. ............

.....do. ................

Gage 

height

Feet 

0.67 

.57

.58

.97

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 33.7' 

19.8

21.0

fi9 Q

"Engineer, Utica Gas & Electric Co.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of East Branch of Fish Creek at Taberg, N. Y., for 

the year ending September 80, 1928

Day

2- ......

3 ___ .

4 ___ ..

5 .......

6. ......

7 ...__..

8 ....

9. ......

10 .......

11 . __ .

12.. .....

13.- __ .

14.......

15.......

Apr.

220

220

260

850

2,200

i 9fm

3,800

4,600

3,000

2,600

2,600

2,800

2,400

1,600

1,500

May

1,200

800

700

650

600

480

420

360

950

950

700

600

550

440

550

June

200

190

200

190

240

200

190

700

1,200

650

400

280

190

170

July

OOft

T\ft

110

110

100

80

80

80

65

65

60

55

55

55

Aug.

75

60

65

65

65

Rf\

46

44

An

44

36

34

46

36

44

Sept.

55

46

46

55

46

46

55

260

200

180

110

80

75

65fin

Day

16 .......

17. ......

18- ......

19 ___ .

20. ......

21- __ .

22. ......

23 ... ....

24. __ ..

25

26 . ......

27 . __ ..

28 .......

90

30 .......

31 .......

Apr.

1,200

900

750

700

1,400

3,400

4,000

3,600

2,400

1,500

1,500

1,500

1,400

2,000

1,500

May

1,100

1,700

1,200

800

600

1,000

1,000

650

500

460

360

300

260

260

220

200

June

160

140

130

130

110

110

100

90

80

80

280

550

280

300

280

July

260

260

75

60

55

55

46

46

44

44

44

46

80

75

65

75

Aug.

40

40

30

36

44

36

65

55

46

55

55

46

50

80

95

75

Sept.

55

55

55

75

95

380

420

220

ISO

110

95

80

80

95

95
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO 93

Monthly discharge of East Branch of Fish Creek at Taberg, N. Y., for the year

ending September 80, 1923

[Drainage area, 188 square miles]

Month

July... . .. 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

4.600 

1,700 

],200 

260 

95 

420

Minimum

220 

200 

80 

44 

30 

46

Mean

2,020 

663 

268 

86.1 

51.5 

116

Per square 

mile

10.74 

3.53 

1.43 

.458 

.274 

.617

Kun-off in 

inches

11.98 

4.07 

1.60 

.53 

.32 

.69

BLACK RIVER NEAR BOONVHLE, N. Y.

LOCATION. At highway bridge 1 mile above mouth of Sugar River, 2 miles 

northeast of Boonville, Oneida County, and 2 miles, by river, downstream 

from Hawkinsville.

DRAINAGE AREA. 303 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 16, 1911, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain near center of left span, downstream side of bridge; staff gage on 

right abutment used for high-water readings; read by W. D. Charbonneau

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable half a mile above gage or by 

wading near gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Rough and full of boulders; permanent.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.88.feet at 

5 p. m. April 8 and 22 (discharge, 3,980 second-feet); minimum stage, 3.20 

feet several times in August and September (discharge, 42 second-feet).

1911-1923: Maximum stage (determined by leveling from floodmark) 

about 12.5 feet during night of March 28, 19-13 (discharge, about 10,000 

second-feet); minimum stage, 2.40 feet at 5 p. m. August 26,1918 (discharge, 

about 5 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. Water is diverted at Forestport during the navigation season 

through the Forestport feeder, flowing west to a basin in Boonville. The 

Black River canal flows north from this basin, entering Black River at the 

foot of Lyons Falls. A spillway from the basin overflows into Mill Creek, 

a tributary of Black River. Water flowing through these two channels 

returns to the river below the gaging station, thus passing around it. The 

Black River canal also flows south from Boonville, passing out of the Black 

River drainage and entering the summit level of the Erie Canal (or Barge 

Canal) at Rome.

A continuous record of the amount of diversion through the Forestport 

feeder from Black River at Forestport during navigation season is published 

under "Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. Y." A continuous record of 

the amount of diversion out of the Black River drainage ba^fn is published 

under "Black River canal (flowing south) near Boonville, N. Y." Th 

difference in discharge between these two records doubtless indicates very 

nearly the amount of water diverted around this station and returned to 

Black River.

72038 26f WSP 564 7
94 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

REGULATION. The State Pond at Forestport, 8 miles upstream, impounds 

13,068,000 cubic feet; another State dam 1 J/£ miles upstream from Forestport 

provides a reservoir with a capacity of 213,440,000 cubic feet and receives 

storage from headwater reservoirs with total capacity of about 1,800,000,000 

cubic feet, from which 1,397,000,000 cubic feet may be drawn each year.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent, except as affected 

by ice from December to April. Rating curve well defined between 35 and 

2,800 second-feet and fairly well defined between 2,800 and 4,500 secondfeet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained 

by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records good, except 

for period of ice effect, for which they are fair.

Discharge measurements of Black River near Boonville, N. Y., during the year 

ending September 80, 1923

Date

Jan. 11

Feb. 8

Mar. 13

Apr. 17

Made by 

J. L. Lamson _____

J. L. Lamson _____

Lamson and Harrington

Gage 

height

Feet 

«5.50

»5.40

6.65

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

413

292

309

1,450

Date

Aug. 2

Made by 

.....do. ___ .... ...

Gage 

height

Feet 

4.89

4 00

4 nn

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

371

138

a Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. /

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Black River near Boonville, N. Y., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 ______ ._

2 ___ _ 

3 ___ - _ - 

4 _____ - _ .

5 ___ . _ . _

6 _____ ....

7. __ - .-. 

8 ________

9 ...-. 

10 _____ . ....

11. _____ . _ .

12 _______ 

13 _____ -. 

14 _______ -

15 ___ . ___ -

16 ___ . _ ....

17 _____ . ....

18. __ ..... .

19 _____ .- ....

20 ___ .... 

91

99

23 - . 

24. 

25- ___

26 ___ .... 

97

28 ____ .... 

29 ___ .. __ ..

sn

31 _____ . _ .

Oct.

145

127

119

119

127

136

145

184

205

238

227

111

78

97

111

136

111

90

104

104

119

111

111

305

250

216

194

184

174

154 idp;

Nov.

127

136

145

97 «;

227

184

174

164

154

145

154

164

174

184

205

450

370

320

305

370

335

305

335

262

227

205

227

205

227

470

Dec.

535

KQK

41Q

 >Qfl

370

320

335

410

370

335

335

320

320

300

300

280

280

260

240

260

260

240

240

220

260

280

300

320

300

Jan.

950 i Knn

1,400

Qnn

son

600

550

460

420

400

400

380

380

380

380

400

360

340

360

460

600

650

750

650

600

550

500

460

340

300

280

Feb.

280

280

260

260

260

260

260

300

300

280

280

260

260

280

280

260

220

220

240

240

200

200

220

200

180

180

180

190,

Mar.

ISO

9nn

200

9<in

260

280

420

380

320

280

280

280

320

360

440

550

. 800

1,200

1,200

1,100

950

1,100

1,300

1,500

1,700

1,600

1,300

1,100

1,000

850

700

Apr.

650

600

650

1,800

2,620

3,240

3,880

3,880

3,240

3,360

3,110

2,980

2,740

2,270

1,740

1,460

1,210

1,210

1,290

2,620

3,880

3,880

3,750

2,740

2,500

2,380

2,160

3,490

3,110

May

2,860

2,160

1,640

1,210

1,060

990

920

855

1,140

1,370

1,210

1,140

990

1,060

1,060

1,460

3,490

2,620

1,840

1,210

990

920

795

680

605

558

470

430

410

352

370

June

390

370

352

352

352

320

305

630

680

680

535

370

275

238

216

194

174

164

164

164

184

227

, 216

238

410

450

450

470

390

July

97 «;

238

290

9fi9

238

216

194

184

174

164

164

154

145

136

145

174

184

184

127

119

111

97

90

84

111

111

119

136

127

111

119

Aug.

isfi

136

205

127

111

111

104

97

84

84

78

72

97

84

78

71

63

70

70

63

49

42

51

63

84

84

84

90

97

84

65

Sept.

60

66

51

44

44

63

66

145

216

164

145

127

90

72

56

53

51

57

60

97

184

227

174

154

127

66

44

72

65

72

NOTE. Discharge, Dec. 13 to Apr. 5, determined from gage heights corrected for ice effect from three 

discharge measurements, study of weather records and gage-height graph, observer's notes, and comparison 

with records of flow of near-by streams.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO

Monthly discharge of Black River near Boonville, N. Y., for the year ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 303 square miles]

Month

October- _____________ _. ..........

April... ____ . __ . _________ ... ...

July _ - -- - 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

305 

470 

535 

1,500 

300 

1,700 

3,880 

3,490 

680 

290 

205 

227

3,880

Minimum

78 

127 

220 

280 

180 

180 

600 

352 

164 

84 

42 

44

42

Mean

151 

241 

324 

565 

244 

722 

2,450 

1,190 

344 

161 

88.2 

96.7

548

Per square 

miie

0.498 

.795 

1.07 

1.86 

.805 

2.38 

8.09 

3.93 

1.14 

.531 

.291 

.319

1.81

Run-off in 

inches

0.57 

.89 

1.23 

2. 14 

.84 

2.74 

9.03 

4.53 

1.27 

.61 

.34 

.36

24.55

NOTE. Water diverted past this station by the Forestport feeder is not included in the above table. 

BIACK RIVER AT WATERTOWN, N. Y.

LOCATION. At Vanduzee Street Bridge in Watertown, Jefferson County, 8 

miles above mouth. No important tributary enters the river below this 

point.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,890 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 18, 1920, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Gurley seven-day water-stage recorder on downstream side of right abutment; inspected by employees of Black River regulating district. Prior to 

September 3, 1921, a vertical- staff at same location and an inclined staff on 

right bank 150 feet below, were used.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 150 feet below gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Rocky and rough; practically permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.50 feet 

(staff gage reading) at 8.30 a. m. April 9 (discharge, 22,000 second-feet) j 

minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 0.30 foot from 1 to 5 a. m. 

August 6, (discharge, 155 second-feet).

1920-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 9.45 feet (staff gage reading) at 6 

p. m. April 13, 1922 (discharge, 26,200 second-feet); minimum stage from 

water-stage recorder, that of August 6, 1923.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation probably not affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. Water is diverted from Black River into the Forestport feeder at 

Forestport. A part of this water returns to the river through various spillways and through the Black River canal (flowing north); the rest passes 

out of the drainage basin through the Black River canal (flowing south), 

the record at the station on Black River canal (flowing south) near Boonville indicates the amount of this diversion. See also "Regulation" and 

"Diversions" in description of station onJBlack River near Boonville.

REGULATION. Seasonal distribution of flow is regulated by Beaver River fkrw, 

Fulton Chain Lakes, Forestport reservoir, and other storage reservoirs in 

the upper part of the drainage basin. During medium and low water periods 

there is considerable diurnal fluctuation in flow, caused by mills and power 

plants at Watertown and above.
96 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PABT IV

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; probably not affected 

by ice. Rating curve well defined between 200 and 25,000 second-feet. 

Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory except as indicated in footnote to daily-discharge table. Daily discharge ascertained by applying to 

rating table mean daily gage height determined by inspection of gage-height 

graph, or for days of considerable fluctuation, by averaging discharge for 

intervals of day. Records excellent, except for periods of estimate, for which 

they are fair.

Discharge measurements of Black River at Watertown, Nt Y., during the year ending September 30, 1923

Date

Jan. 8

Feb. 10

.Apr. -20

Made by 

-..do .......

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.92

2.58

4 50

Discharge

Sec.-ft. i ^on

2 830

1,730

7 840

Date

6

Made by- Gage 

height

Feet 

0.83

1 19

.47

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

554

822

243

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Black River at Watertown, N. Y., for the year 

ending September 80, 1923

Day

2

3 . . 

6. .......... .

7.-....--...

9... ...... ...

10.. .

11. . ..

12.... __ .. 

13 .........

14 __ . .......

15 

I 3 .... .....

17.. ..........

13

19............

23 ...........

O1

22... . ...... ..

23 . _ .

24............

25 ..... _ .

26............

27- _ .......

28 _____ ....

29. ___ . ....

30. ____ ....

31 ____

Oct.

i onn

i;ioo

oqq

1} 40Q

1,540

920

922

Q4ft

Q91

1,130

1,970

1,890

1, 970

1,720

1,300

1,430

Nov.

1,390

1, 5:0

1, 450

1 ir O

M50

1,190

1,170

1, 340

1, 720

1,890

1,810

2, 050

2,140

1,970

1,970

1,320

1,370

1,390

1,540

1,410

Dec

1,310

1,860

1 860

1,320

1, 540

i ^fifi

1, ?80

1, 2SO

1,170

1, 540

1,240

1,24Q

1,050

1,100

1, 320

1,330

1,410

1,390

948

Jan.

4 r'40

f) Qr A

2, c90

o oon

2, 2?0

1,780

1 EOO

2,050

1,540

1,810

2,950

2,760

2,480

2,390

2,140

Feb.

1, 750

1.840

1,810

1 440

1,470

1,510

1,430

1,330

1,390

1,270

1,170

1,240

1,070

1,250

1,230

Mar.

2,950

2,290

2,390

2, 220

1,970

1,970

2,570

]

I

5, 620

5, 500

7, 490

9,250

8,340

7,770

6,930

6,390

5,500

4,890

4,320

Apr.

3,600

3,460

13, 600

21, 600

20, 800

16, 000

14, 800

12, 200

9,560

8,340

7,490

8, 050

11,500

14, 800

15,600

13, 600

11,900

10,900

10, 500

10,500

May

10,200

8,640

5,740

5,740

0, 660

6,000

5, 250

4,890

6,000

7,490

8,940

9, 560

7,770

6,660

5,620

4,780

3,770

3,150

3,150

2,570

2,390

June

2,480

1,890

1,780

1,970

2,050

3, 280

4,100

3,990

2,390

2,140

1,890

1, 7GO

1, 310

1,570

1,380

1,260

1,220

1,350

1,380

1,890

1,750

1,840

July

1,750

1 4C:0

1,340

1,550

1,400

1,060

1,130

1,160

1,080

967

878

1,080

1, 050

1,020

B80

752

637

944

861

875

782

865

659

606

917

Aug.

848

799

843

622

859

790

786

657

410

772

673

805

726

504

622

778

650

550

795

818

786

839

Sept.

741

664

' 484

692

862

790

776

834

1,360

1,120

1,080

812

825

756

700

788

781

768

861

878

1, IfO

1,450

1,380

1,240

1,440

1,060

1,090

808

NOTE. Discharge for the following peridfes when water-stage recorder was not operating satisfactorily 

estimated by comparison with records of flow of several tributary streams: Oct. 1, 7-13,29, Nov. 12, Feb. 

8-10, Mar. 18-21, Aug. 26 and 27.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO BAKE ONTARIO 97

Monthly discharge of Black River at Watertown, N. Y., for the year ending September

80, 1928

[Drainage area, 1,890 square miles]

Month

March __________________ . __ 

April........................................

July .-..-._.- _-.._-_.._-...._._.....--.-

The year ______________ ___

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

1,670 

2,220 

2,050 

4,660 

2,050 

6,250 2i,eoo

11,200 

4,430 

1,750 

992 

1,450

21, 6 00

Minimum

620 

1,170 

648 

1,540 

1,050 

1,210 

3,250 

2,390 

1,220 

606 

410 

484

410

Mean

1,280 

1,560 

1,400 

2,540 

1,470 

4,080 

11,900 

6,440 

2,080 

1,090 

730 

919

2,950

Per square 

mile

0.677 

.825 

.741 

1.34 

.778 

2.16 

6.30 

3.41 

1.10 

.577 

.386 

.486

1.56

Run-off in 

inches '

0.78 

.92 

.85 

1.54 

.81 

2.49 

7.03 

3.93 

1.23 

.67 

.44 

.54

21.23

NOTE. See " Regulation" and "Diversions" in station description.

FORESTPORT FEEDER NEAR BOONVIIIE, N. Y.

LOCATION. Slope station at lower end of feeder, above point where it enters 

basin at Boonville, Oneida County. '

RECORDS AVAILABLE. Occasional discharge measurements 1900 and 1905-1915 

continuous record, October 30, 1915, to September 30, 1923.

GAGES. Two Gurley seven-day graph water-stage recorders, with natural scale 

for gage height. Gage No. 1 is at downstream end of left abutment of 

steel highway bridge in village of Hawkinsville; gage No. 2 is on left bank; 

just below a farm bridge 1 mile above the basin at Boonville; they are 2.53 

miles apart. These gages and the two in Black River canal (flowing south) 

near Boonville are set to the same datum. Recorders inspected by Fred 

Kesauer.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from the steel highway bridge at gage No. 1 

in Hawkinsville.

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE. Daily discharge determined by use of Chezy 

formula. The coefficient "C," computed from each current-meter measurement, is plotted on a curve showing the variation of "C" through the season. 

A smooth curve drawn through the plotted points shows the coefficients for 

intervening days. The other factors in the Chezy formula are obtained 

from gage-height records and cross section of the canal.

DIVERSIONS. One spillway takes water from the Forestport feeder just below 

gage No. 2 and a second spillway takes water from the basin in Boonville. 

Both discharge into Mill Creek, which enters Black River below the Boon- 

 ville gaging station. No spillway between gage No. 1 and gage No. 2. 

Other spillways in the feeder above gage No. 1 discharge into Black River 

above the gaging station. The sum of this record and the record for Black 

River near Boonville indicates the total run-off of the Black River basin 

above tnese gaging stations.

REGULATION. Flow in the feeder is regulated at the outlet of Forestport 

reservoir.

ICE. There is usually some flow in the canal during the winter, and occasional 

current-meter measurements of the discharge have been made.
98 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

ACCURACY. Operation of water-stage recorders satisfactory except as indicated 

in footnote to daily-discharge table. Records good except when either 

recorder was not operating, when estimates of missing gage heights were 

made from comparison with other recorder or from a study of the slope 

relation. Records for such periods, fair.

Discharge measurements of Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. F., during the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 1

15

Nov. 3

Jan. 11

21

28

Made by 

A.W. Harrington.

J. L. Lamson- ....

 -do ..... 

_ ..do. __

 do .-. ....

Gage height

(feet)

Gage

No. 1

2.775

2.570

2.495

1.900

1.840

2.165

Gage

No. 2

1.565

1.335

1.355

.640

.440

.925

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

182

166

180

58.0

144

142

159

1

Date

Aug. 2

2

3

4

23

Made by 

Lamson and John-

 ..do 

A.W. Harrington -

Lamson and JohnA.W. Harrington.

Gage height

(feet)

Gage

No.l

1.760

1.585

1.035

J.765

2.170

Gage

No. 2

-.280

-.750

.645

.345

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

109

95.7

73.4

102

157

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. Y., for the 

year ending September 30, 1923

Bay

1 .

2 .... __

3 ______

4 __ . _____

5 _ _ _

6 __________

7 .___ __

8 __________

9 ___

10 ___ ....

n . .

12 . ______

13 . ___ ._

14 ___ . _

15 _____ ..

Oct.

177

176

177

176

177

1Q1

186

189 ion

184

166

175

175

174

Nov.

169

171

170

142

1 tt

188

165

170

196

194

198

192

170

June

138

197

10ft

114

112

112

July

1 *\ft

10ft

76

130

1 °.fi

ion,

1 98

199

118

124

131

132

Aug.

Ill

105

108

19°.

122

199

1*wl

143

147

147

156

157

Sept.

156

1 C.A

152

1 til

1 Plft

167

169

158

161

1 ^9

151

m

153

152

Day

16 __________

17 __________

18- __ 

19 ____ 

20 ____ 

21

99

23 _______

24 _____ _ _

25 __________

26... _ 

27

28 ______

29 ____ 

30__ _____

31 ______

Oct.

173

176

180

175

178

184

191

188

188

184

174

166

169

169

Nov. June

113

131

166

165

144

146

149

155

162

160

153

154

165

147

July

131

135

125

129

133

132

133

134

120

125

121

128

125

124

124

Aug.

157

157

155

158

157

156

156

157

152

150

150

142

154

151

151

152

Sept.

152

152

164

171

170

175

173

170

167

168

168

169

168

166

165

NOTE. Discharge for the following periods when only one water-stage recorder was operating satisfact orily determined from gage heights estimated by comparison with other recorder graph or from a study 

of the slope relation: June 12-19 and June 21 to Aug. 2.

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. Y., for the 

year ending September SO, 1923

Month

October... _ ..

November 1-14.

June 9-30 __ _

Maximum

191

198

166

Minimum

166

142

112

Mean

178

177

141

Month

July...........

Maximum

150

158

175

Minimum

76

78

151

Mean

127

141

161
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO 99

BLACK RIVER CANAL (FLOWING SOUTH) NEAR BOONVILLE, N. 7.

LOCATION. Slope station in summit level of Black River canal, near Boonville, 

Oneida County.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. Occasional discharge measurements 1900 and 1905-1915; 

continuous record, September 16, 1915, to September 30, 1923.

GAGES. Two Gurley seven-day graph water-stage recorders, 1.81 miles apart, 

with natural scale for gage heights. Gage No. 1 is on right bank (opposite 

towpath) about 50 feet downstream from collector's office in Boonville; gage 

No. 2 is on right bank (opposite towpath) about 300 yards above Lock 70 

and 50 yards above spillway from the canal into Lansing Kill. These gages 

and the two gages in the Forestport feeder near Boonville are set to the 

same datum. Recorders inspected by Fred Kesauer.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from the steel and concretfe highway bridge 

in the village of Boonville, a short distance below gage No. 1.

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE. Daily discharge determined by use of Chezy 

formula. The coefficient "C," computed from each current meter measurement, is plotted on a curve showing the variation of "C" through the 

season. A smooth curve drawn through the plotted points shows the 

coefficients for intervening days. The other factors in the Chezy formula 

are obtained from gage-height records and cross section of canal.

DIVERSIONS. No diversion between gage No. 1 and gage No. 2. Records 

obtained at this station indicate the quantity of water diverted from the 

Black River basin into the Mohawk River basin.

REGULATION. Flow in canal is regulated by operation of spillway and sluice 

gates at Lock 70 and also by discharge of Forestport feeder into the basin 

at Boonville.

ICE. No flow in canal during winter.

ACCURACY. Operation of water-stage recorders satisfactory except as indicated 

in footnote to daily-discharge table. Records good, except when either 

recorder is not operating, when estimates for missing gage heights are made 

from comparison with other recorder or from a study of the slope relation. 

Records for such periods, fair.

Discharge measurements of Black River canal (flowing south) near Boonville, N. Y.f 

during the year ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 1 

15

Nov. 3 

June 20 

21 

28

Made by 

A.W. Harrington, 

Lamson and HarJ. L. Lamson __ 

A.W. Harrington. 

do - 

Il.do __I __

Qage height 

(feet)

Qage 

No.l

1.230

1.035 

1.160 

.410 

.180 

.790

Qage 

No. 2

0.770

.«25

!220 

-.020 

.580

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

145

145 

129 

117 

100 

112

Date

Aug. 3 

4 

4 

23 

Sept. 27

Made by 

Lamson and

Harrington and

Johnson and

A. W.Harrington. 

_ do _______

Qage height 

(feet)

Qage 

No.l

0.735

.295 

-.420 

.030

Qage 

No. 2

0.555

.060 

-1.810 

-1.420

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

42.0 

97.2

80.7 

100 

146
100 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Black Riner canal (flowing south ) near Boonville 

N. Y., for the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 . __ ....

2 ___ ....

3 _____

4... ....

5.. .

6 __ - __

7 _ .......

8-.. _ 

9.... ___

10.. _ ....

11 ___ . ...

12- ..

14.. __ ....

15 ___ ....

Oct.

146

148

149

150

150

150

155

146

150

147

149

135

139

148

145

Nov.

128

123

125

130

 127

126 19*;

125

124

110

June

95

July

Q«

Af\

80

85

79

an

Aug.

66

60

40

62

83

84

00

81

104

108

Qfi

QQ

97

107

112

Sept.

120

19Q

126

1 95

} 130

114

114

110

124

120

Day

16. ___ ....

17... _ .

10

1Q

20....- _ -

21 . ___ ....

99

23- __ 

24 ___ .....

oe

27. ___ ....

OQ

29 ____ ...

OA

01

Oct.

147

145

147

151

152

1 CQ

148

142

150

147

136

127

127

128

Nov. June

1

I

117

114

119

117

115

125

103

104

106

July

80

90

85

81

92

96

93

96

81

78

84

82

80

79

83

79

Aug.

113

113

110

112

115

112

109

106

104

103

104

107

108

109

111

Sept.

116

114

121

131

128

135

140

130

118

114

NOTE Discharge for the following periods when only one water-stage recorder was operating satisfactorily determined from gage heights estimated by comparison with other recorder graph or from a study 

of the Slope relation: Oct. 11-14, 19-21, 24-27, Nov. 10, 11, 13, 14, June 9-19, July 2-13, 15, Aug. 2-4,10-13, 

15, 16, 23, and Sept. 6-8, 14, and 19-26.

Monthly discharge of Black River canal (flowing south} near Boonville, N. Y., for 

the year ending September 30, 1923

Month

November 1-14. 

June 9-30.. __ .

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

155 

130 

125

Minimum

127 

110

Mean

145 

125 

104

Month

July.... .... .

September ,

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

122 

115 

140

Minimum

40 

40 

110

Mean

84.6 

97.7 

129

MOOSE EIVEE AT McKEEVEE, W. Y.

LOCATION. Half a mile west of village of McKeever, Herkimer County, 2 miles 

below mouth of South Branch of Moose River, and 16 miles above junction 

of Black and Moose rivers at Lyons Palls.

DRAINAGE AREA. 366 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 28, 1922, to September 30, 1923. Comparable 

record from station at Moose River, 3 miles below, from June 5, 1900, to 

December 31, 1922.

GAGE. Gurley seven-day graph water-stage recorder on left bank, just above 

Moose Head Inn and half a mile below dam of Iroquois Pulp & Paper Co.; 

installed November 2, 1922. Prior to this date gage was a vertical staff at 

same location. Gage read and recorder inspected by R. D. Nash.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 250 feet above gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Low-water control consists principally of coarse gravel 

and boulders; probably permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. 1922-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 12.9 feet 

about 10 p. m. June 22, 1922 (discharge, about 10,000 second-feet); minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 1.49 feet from 9 p. m. to midnight 

July 27, 1923 (discharge, 83 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation considerably affected by ice.

REGULATION. Flow regulated to a considerable extent for short periods at dam 

of Iroquois Pulp & Paper Co., half a mile above. Seasonal distribution of 

flow affected by operation of State dam at Old Forge. This regulation indicated by record at station on Middle Branch of Moose River at Old Forge.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO 101

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by ice

December to April. Rating curve well defined between 100 and 5,500 

second-feet. Operation of recorder satisfactory except as indicated in footnote to daily-discharge table. Daily discharge ascertained by applying to 

rating table mean of twice daily staff gage readings or mean daily gage 

height determined by inspection of recorder graph. For days of considerable fluctuation, mean discharge is ascertained from recorder graph by averaging discharge for intervals of day. Records prior to November 2, good; 

open-water records after that date excellent except those for estimated 

periods which are fair; records for period of ice effect, fair.

Discharge measurements of Moose River at McKeever, N. Y., during the year end

ing September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 2 

17

17

19

29

29

Dec. 5

Jan. 12

Feb. 13

Mar. 23

Made by 

A. W. Harrington.. ...

.....do . . __ .

 ..do ..... 

.....do ...

.....do ....

 .do 

A. W. Harrington. ....

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.62

1.77

1.97

2.34

1.91

1.98

2.60

"2.00

"2.97

"4.26

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

Ill 

177

158

195

215

220

462

154

319

823

Date

Apr. 18 

19

23

24

26

27

May 29

30

Aug. 3

Made by 

Lamson and Harrington.

.....do ____ . _ _ __

_ ..do. __ . _____

.....do 

Johnson and Lamson...

Gage 

height

Feet 

4.52 

4.39

8.55

7.27

6.34

6.48

3.10

2.73

1.73

1.77

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

1,360 

1,340

5,060

3,630

2,87&

3,010

656

507

143

134

« Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Moose River at McKeever, N. Y., for the year 

ending September 30, 1923

Day

!.._.. .........

2 . .....

3. ... ..... ..

4...... ........

5. . . *!

6...............

7 .......

8 ..........

9... ...........

10. 

11 _ ...........

12 

13 ..........

14..............

15 __ .... ......

16......... .....

17 .. __

18.. ......

19 ...........

20.. .

21. ..

22. 

23. ....

24.. ...

25. ..

26..............

27 ......

28 _ .

29 

30 

31. 

Oct

387

482

124

149

246

283

290

313

440

575

642

432

351

158

359

190

239

177

207

313,

340

363

432

423

755

549

448

432

158

407

264

Nov.

203

235

447

415

216

413

395

486

399

367

383

OOQ

323

469

CQA

Vt9

326

511

498

503

436

359

296

399

395

189

139

Dec.

447

407

336

528

448

490

254

144

461

352

511

217

275

320

340

351

OAf\

340

300

300

280

260

240

240

220

oon

200

220

240

320

300

Jan.

480

1,400

1,500

1,300

1,000

900

700

600

550

500

240

360

600

460

380

400

600

500

fe50

700

550

500

460

180

420

420

140

Feb.

240

300

500

340

550

200

260

340

320

320

320

300

320

340

340

380

380

360

340

360

300

280

220

180

94n

240

220

Mar.

190

170

160

170

380

240

170

260

260

240

260

260

240

200

400

700

1,100

850

800

800

800

1 000

1,300

1,100

Qitf

850

7KA

650

600

Apr.

460

700

500

700

1,400

3,800

4,800

4,400

4,600

4,200

3,500

3,400

3,200

2,560

2,310

1,830

1 K£V\

1,400

1,250

1,130

2,310

5,000

4,900

3,800

3,010

2,830

2,920

3,010

3,660

3,900

May

2,650

2,230

1,710

1,870

1,830

1,560

1,340

1,470

1,480

2,390

1,530

1,310

1,130

1,130

1,020

1,220

O QftA

2,560

1,630

1,470

1,440

1,250

1,220

1,020

950

825

696

834

732

608

580

June

515

494

349

524

494

477

465

527

710

500

469

346

226

356 345"

330

317

230

270

280

390

QQH

400

550

550

360

July

300

171

193

152

186

221

221

207

217

177

210

268

239

217

228

174

147

155

1 %f>

142

122

110

164

161

Aug.

158

171

161

142

147

161

144

134

144

126

136

106

117

122

122

142

126

124

100

115

115

102

104

104

111

104

108

108

111

115

, 122

Sept.

131

117

115

136

134

111

111

122

177

432

263

156

168

174

142

183

168

168

161

183

574

K5S

SW1

174

207

217

235

742

601

NOTE. Discharge estimated for following periods when water-stage recorder was not operating satisfactorily: Jan. 7, 13, Feb. 17, June 9-15, 17-19, and June 23 to July 7. Discharge, Dec. 17 to April 7, 

determined from gage heights corrected for ice effect from three discharge measurements and study of 

weather records.

72038 26f WSP 564 8
102 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Monthly discharge of Moose River at McKeever, N. Y.,for the year ending September

[Drainage area, 366 square miles]

Month

October- ___________________

November __________________

December _ .. _______________

February ___________________

May _______________ , ___________

June... ____________________

July. _ ...... ___ ..._. __ ... __ .

September __________________

The year ________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

755 

584 

528 

1,500 

550 

1,300 

5,000 

3,960 

550

171 

574

5,000

Minimum

124 

130 

144 

140 

180 

160 

460 

580 

226 

119 

100 

111

100

Mean

353 

369 

310 

582 

312 

539 

2, 770 

1,470 

429 

208 

126 

240

642

Per square 

mile

0.064 

1.01 

.872 

1.59 

.852 

1.47 

7.57 

4.02 

1.17 

.568 

.344 

.656

1.75

Run-off in 

inches

1.11 

1.13 

1.01 

1.83 

.80 

1.70 

8.45 

4.64 

1.30 

.65 

.40 

.73

23.84

NOTE. See " Regulation " in station description.

MOOSE RIVER AT MOOSE RIVER, W. Y.

LOCATION. In Moose River, Lewis County, 3 miles downstream from McKeever, 

5 miles below mouth of South Branch of Moose River and 13 miles above 

junction of Black and Moose rivers at Lyons Falls.

DEAINAGE AEEA. 370 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECOEDS AVAILABLE. June 5, 1900, to December 31, 1922, when station was 

discontinued. Comparable record from station at McKeever, 3 miles above, 

beginning May 28, 1922.

GAGE. Staff in two sections on left bank; read by W. D. Rinkle. Gage datum 

was lowered 0.17 foot February 28, 1903, and again 5.00 feet on January 1, 

1913.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable a short distance below gage or 

by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Cobblestones and boulders; fairly permanent. Current smooth; depth comparatively uniform. Ice and logs occasionally jam 

above the station on a small island.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during period, October 1 

to December 31, 1922, 7.3 feet at 8.30 a. m. December 11 (discharge, 810 

second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 5.39 feet at 9 a. m. October 4 

(discharge, 124 second-feet).

1900-1922: Maximum stage recorded, 16.3 feet during the afternoon of 

March 27, 1913, determined by leveling from floodmarks (discharge, about 

16,500 second-feet); minimum stage, 4.94 feet July 21, 23, and 25-27, 1913 

(discharge, about 42 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. A dam at McKeever, 3 miles upstream, is'used for power and for 

the regulation of flow during log driving. Seasonal distribution of flow 

affected by operation of the State dam at Old Forge. This regulation is 

indicated by the record at station on Middle Branch of Moose River at Old 

Forge.
STEEAMS TBIBUTABY TO LAKE ONTARIO 103

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by.ice December 16-31. Rating curve well defined. Gage read to half-tenths once 

daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating 

table. Records fair except during period of ice effect and for low stages 

when one daily reading of gage may not indicate the correct mean daily gage 

height, owing to fluctuations in stage. During such periods records are 

poor.

The following discharge measurement was made by A. W. Harrington: 

October 1, 1922: Gage-height, 5.88 feet; discharge, 263 second-feet.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Moose River at Moose River, N. Y., for the 

period October 1 to December 31, 1922

Day

1 .... ....

2 . ...

3 ........

4 ____ -

5 ..... ...

6 . ___ .

7 ....

8 ........

9 ... _..

10 ---.

Oct.

216

540

259

124

202

259

259

259

336

670

Nov.

422

189

320

422

369

216

422

520

520

440

Dec.

320

625

380

164

Day

11 ........

12 __ . ...

13 . .......

14 ........

15 ........

16 ........

17 ___ ..

18 ........

19 __ . _

20 .... ....

Oct.

386

441

422

404

176

422

148

164

189

289

Nov.

352

216

inn

304

164

422

625

500

176

540

Dec.

810

369

202

304

386

360

340

320

320

300

Day

21 .. __ ..

22 ___ ...

23 ........

24 . .......

25 ____ -

26 ____ .

27 .... .

28 ........

9Q

30 . ___ .

31 ____ .

Oct.

336

352

460

441

670

540

500

460

422

280

Nov.

500

500

500

369

369

136

500

386

369

136

Dec.

260

240

240

220

220

220

220

220

220

260

240

NOTE Discharge Oct. 31, Nov. 10 and 13, and Dec. 3-9, estimated by comparison with record at 

McKeever; no gage-height record. Discharge, Dec, 16-31, determined from gage heights corrected for 

ice effect from study of weather records, observer's notes, and comparison with record at McKeever.

Monthly discharge of Moose River at Moose River, N. Y., for the period October 1

to December 31, 1922

[Drainage area, 370 square miles]

Month

December ___________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

670 

625 

810

Minimum

124 

136 

164

Mean

350

377 

324

Per square 

mile

0.946 

1.02 

.876

Run-off in 

inches

1.09 

1.14 

1.01

NOTE. See " Regulation " in station description.

MIDDLE BRANCH OF MOOSE RIVER AT OLD FORGE, N. Y.

LOCATION. 300 feet below highway bridge and 400 feet below State dam at Old

Forge, Herkimer County.'

DRAINAGE AREA. 51.5 square miles (measured on topographic maps). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 9, 1911, to September 30, 1923. 

GAGE. Vertical staff on left bank 300 feet below highway bridge; read by

Joseph Otis. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge or by wading near

gage. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed near gage composed of stone and gravel. Control

is rock ledge about 200 feet below gage; practically permanent. 

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 2.6 feet April

25 and 26 and May 1 (discharge, 225 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.82 foot

from 5 p. m. October 14 to 8 a. m. October 18 (discharge, 22 second-feet). 

1911-1923: Maximum discharge recorded, 862 second-feet morning and

afternoon March 23, 1921; minimum discharge, 16 second-feet several times

in October and November, 1919.
104 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Flow controlled by gates at dam.

ACCURACY. 1 Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected 

by backwater from landslide near control from June to September. Rating 

curve well defined between 20 and 300 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying to .rating 

table mean daily gage height corrected for backwater effect when necessary. 

Records good.

Discharge measurements of Middle Branch of Moose River at OJ,d Forge, N. Y., during the year ending September 80, 1983

Date 1

Oct. 2

16

31

Dec. 5

Jan. 13

Feb. 12 

Mar. 22

Apr. 18

Made by 

A. W. Harrington __

A. W. Harrington. _ .

Gage 

height

Feet

9 11

.82

1.71

1.26

1.08

1.85

2.18

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

139

22.4

62.0

34.3

105

149

Date

Apr. 23

24

26

20

Made by 

 do. ---.

 ..do. ......... ..

A. W. Harrington.- ...

Gage 

height

Feet

2.43

2.52

2.50

2.24

1.50

1.48 

«1.39

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

208

169

200

168

71.1

69.9 

53.2

0 Backwater from landslide near control.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Middle Branch of Moose River at Old Forge, N. Y., 

for the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

I

2.

3 ______ ...

4__ _ . ...

5. ...

6... ........ .

7... . .

8 _ .... ___ .

9. _ . .

10 .-. - 

11 ______ ..

12.

13. ___ ___

14 ____ .. .....

15 ____ . . _

16, . _____ .

17 ___ ... ......

18 _ . _ ...

19 _____ ...

20 _________

21.

22 _____ ..

23.

24 __ . .

25 __ . ........

26..............

27 _ . _ _.

28 ______ . .

29.. ______

30..... __ ....

31 _ ____ ..

Oct.

143

143

1.40

143

143 MQ

1.40

143

143

143

68

22

22

22

76

166

166

166

158

143

136

GQ

Q9

Q9

Nov.

19O

116

TOO

116

116

81

67

67

60

48

ttf\

47

AQ

47

48

AQ

49

49

49

49

AQ

49

49

49

49

49 " 49

AQ

Dec.

50

cn

KA

^0

en

en

en

50

en

50

50pin

tn

Rft,

en

50

50

50

Kfl

49

CA

en

50

50

50

en

50

50

cn

en

50

Jan.

50

cn

en

43

36

Oft

36

36

86

36

36

36

36

36

36

36

36

76

129

129

19Q

69

29

9Q

29

29

9Q

29

OQ

on

OQ

Feb.

64

116

116

116

116

116

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

104

60

29

28

28

28

28

28

28

28

Mar.

28

28

65

AC

47

33

33

33

33

33

33

33

33

33

33

47

57

56

57

59

59

57

57

57

57

58

57

59

KQ

59

57

Apr.

57

57

K7

58

59

67

76

76

81

81

92

QS

104

104

136

158

]&

15C

150

150

166

190

207

225

225

207

190

207

May

225

207

207

190

190

143

92

71

71

71

71

71

98

150

190

190

190

190

190

190

190

190

182

174

174

110

June

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

70

69

69

70

65

65

65

65

65

July

65

65

65

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

55fifi

55

55

55

55

55

55

55

55

55

55

55

55

55

55

55

55

Aug.

55

55

55

55

50

50

50

50

50 1 50

50

46

42

42

42

38

34

32

31

01

31

31

31

31

31

31

33

Sept.

33

33

35

35

55

55

55

55

55

55

55

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

80

90

90

90

80

75

80

80

80

80

NOTE. Discharge June 23 to Aug. 19, and Sept. 5 to 30 determined from gage heights corrected for 

backwater effect from landslide near control, by means of two discharge measurements and study of 

water surface elevations above Old Forge dam.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO 105

Monthly discharge of Middle Branch of Moose River at Old Forge, N. Y., for the 

year ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area 51.5 square miles]

Month

July ........ . -.__._.---._-.--.__ _... 

The year ___ - ____ __ . _ ....

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

166 

129 

50 

129 

116 

65 

225 

225 

71 

65 

55 

90

Minimum

22

47 

49 

29 

28 

28 

£7 

71 

65 

55 

31 

33

225 1 22

Mean

121 

67.7 

50.0 

47.0 

84.5 

47.6 

128 

155 

69.4 

57.3 

41.9 

67.4

78.0

Per square 

mile

2.35 

1.31 

.971 

.913 

1.64 

.924 

2.49 

3.01 

1.35 

1.11 

.814 

1.31

1.51

Run-off in 

inches

2.71 

1.46 

1.12 

l.Ofr 

1.71 

1.07 

2.7S3.4r 

1.51 

1.28 

,94 

1.46

20.56

NOTE. The above figures do not necessarily represent the natural flow from the basin, because o iartificial storage in Fulton Chain of Lakes.

BEAVER RIVER AT STATE DAM, NEAR BEAVER RIVER, N. Y.

LOCATION. At concrete storage dam at outlet of Beaver River Flow, 7^ miles 

west of Beaver River post office, Herkimer County, and 7 miles above Beaver Lake at Number Four.

DRAINAGE AREA. 176 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 11, 1908, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Elevation of water surface in the reservoir is determined by a staff gage in 

two sections on the west corner of the gate house; read by James C. Dunbar, 

gate tender. The mean elevation of the crest of the spillway is at gage 

height 16.96 feet. Width of sluice gate openings determined by measuring., 

on the gate stems the distance they have been raised.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a temporary footbridge at the moutfii 

of the outlet tunnel, below the gates. Discharge over the spillway has not 

been measured.

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE. Records include the discharge through one or 

more of four 4-foot circular sluice gates, when opened, the discharge over 

the spillway, and the discharge through the logway at the west end of the 

spillway. The sluice gates have been rated by current-meter measurementsmade at different lake elevations, but no measurements have been made of 

the discharge over the spillway or through the logway. Theoretic coefficients 

based on the Cornell experiments 3 have been used to compute ratings for thespillway and logway.

EXTREMES OP STAGE. Maximum elevation of water surface in reservoir recorded" 

during year, 19.0 feet May 18 and 19; minimum elevation recorded, 1.1 feet^ 

several times October 13 to 22.

1908-1923: Maximum elevation of water surface in reservoir, 19.85»fefefi 

at 3.15 p. m. June 23, 1922; minimum elevation, that of October, 1922".

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum daily discharge during year, 2,400 secondfeet April 23 and 24; minimum daily discharge, practically zero April 9 

and 10.

>U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 200.
106 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

1908-1923: Maximum discharge, 3,380 second-feet April 12, 1922; mini, 

mum discharge, practically zero during periods when gates were closed and 

there was no discharge over spillway.

REGULATION. At ordinary stages the discharge of Beaver River is completely 

regulated by the operation of the sluice gates.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent; probably not affected by ice. 

Rating curves for sluice gates fairly well defined. Lake gage read to halftenths once daily. The accuracy of computations depends to a large extent 

on the care with which the gates were set to the recorded openings. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Beaver River at State dam, near Beaver River, N. Y., 

during the year ending September 30, 1923

[Made by Johnson and Lamson]

July 31 

31 _____

31. .

31 _____

No.

1

1

1

1

3ate

Opening

Inches

24

36

48

Lake

height

Feet 

13.80

13.80

13.80

13.75

Sec.-ft.

TO f)

147

217

July 31.. 

Aug. 1 _ 

1 ______

No.

2

3

4

GJate

Opening

Inehes 

12

24

24

Lake

height

Feet 

13.75

13.70

13.70

13.70

Sec.-ft. 

77.8

145

146

140

Monthly discharge of Beaver River at State dam, near Beaver River, N. Y., for 

the year ending September SO, 1923

{Drainage area, 176 square miles]

Month

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

130 

180 

140 

200 

140 

240 

2,400 

1,600 

460 

260 

200 

240

2,400

Minimum

80 

95 

100 

100 

90 

90

100 

160 

180 

170 

100

Mean

94.5 

128 

125 

168 

106 

156 

1,100 

625 

267 

205 

175 

179

278

Per square 

mile

0.537 

.727 

.710 

.955 

.602 

.886 

6.25 

3.55 

1.52 

1.16 

.994 

1.02

1.58

Run-off 

in inches

0.62 

.81 

.82 

1.10 

. .63 

1.02 

6.97 

4.09 

1.70 

1.34 

1.15 

1.14

21.39

NOTE The above figures do not represent the natural flow of the river on account of regulation at 

be dam.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO 107 

BEATER BITER AT EAGLE FALLS, NEAR NUMBER FOUR, N. T.

LOCATION. 500 feet below Eagle Falls power plant of Northern New York 

Utilities (Inc.) 2J^ miles below Beaver Lake, 4 miles north of Number Four, 

Lewis County, and 9 miles below State dam at outlet of Beaver River 

Flow.

DRAINAGE AREA. 230 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 21, 1921, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Gurley seven-day water-stage recorder on left bank; inspected by employees of Northern New York Utilities (Inc.).

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable over tailrace and river channel, 

300 feet above gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Boulders and large broken rock; shifts occasionally.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage 

recorder, 5.70 feet from 6 to 9 p.m. April 23 (discharge, 3,090 second-feet); 

minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 0.22 foot at noon December 17 

(discharge, 5.8 second-feet).

1921-1923: Maximum stage from water-stage recorder, 7.30 feet at 3.30 

p.m. April 13, 1922 (discharge, 4,980 second-feet); minimum stage from 

water-stage recorder, that of December 17, 1922.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Seasonal flow is regulated by storage in Beaver River Flow 9 miles 

above. Diurnal flow regulated at dam at foot of Beaver Lake according to 

needs of power plant. Some regulation in other ponds and lakes in drainage area.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed presumably at time of high water 

April 23. Rating curve used October 1 to April 23 fairly well defined 

between 10 and 3,500 second-feet; curve used subsequent to April 23 well 

defined between 100 and 1,000 second-feet. Operation of water-stage 

recorder satisfactory except as indicated in footnote to daily-discharge table. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying to rating table mean daily gage 

height determined by inspection of gage-height graph, or for days of considerable fluctuation, by averaging discharge for intervals of day. Records 

good.
108 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

Discharge measurements of Beaver River at Eagle Falls, near Number Four, N. Y., 

during the year ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 17

Jan. 9

Apr. 22

Made by 

.....do _____ ........

Gage 

height

Feet

 t At)

?.08

4.89

Discharge

Sec-ft. 

128

291

2,150

Date

July 30

Made by 

 .do .... .....

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.96

1 fiQ

Discharge

Sec-ft. 

276

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Beaver River at Eagle Falls, near Number Four, 

N. Y.,for the year ending September 30, 1923

Date

1 __ _.___.- ...

2...-... -

3.. .. __

4 ___ ........

5. ... ... -

6.. ...........

7. __ .........

8.. _ .........

9. ___ ... ....

10 _ .... ....

11. .... .....

12. __ ...._.-_.

13 _ ...... __ .

14 ..............

15 . -

16........ ...

17......... .....

18...... __ . ...

19 __ ..... .....

20 _____ . _ ..

21.......... _ .

22 _____ . __ .

23........... ...

24. ___ ..... j...

25......... .....

26. __ ..... ....

27.............. 28....:... . ....

29 _ .....

30 .

31 ___ .........

Oct.

19

160

141

90

109

15

88

99

96

105

105

97

11

89

125

129

129

120

96

12

105

103

118

125

129

129

17

160

176

Nov.

176

169

124

17

137

124

92

120

160

160

153

167

167

178

201

218

34

251

248

243

246

259

269

26

248

264

266

218

Dec.

218

200

24

194

218

226

218

189

192

26

213

201

208

185

167

172

170

158

153

135

135

150

15

14

147

180

178

176

128

17

Jan.

103

303

323

323

315

296

135

326

277

301

282

9CO

OKI

23

252

259

274

, 264

218

196

26

220

240

246

243

299

276

24

206

220

Feb.

211

213

205

23

223

216

194

185

140

112

24

185

139

121

116

125

128

21

144

137

133

131

135

148

20

150

139

127

Mar.

129

133

26

181

196

199

201

206

196

20

174

204

206

204

199

221

58

301

277

280

272

285

380

373

437

357

323

315

288

Apr.

185

406

315

354

532

835

990

910

800

518

399

604

1,210

1,440

1,300

1,440

1,300

1,120

950

1,080

1,590

2,210

2,980

2,810

2,420

2,070

1,920

1,770

1,640

2,070

May

1,920

1,680

1,460

1,010

1,500

670

1,070

828

522

764

685

590

270

900

894

758

1,060

1,410

1,450

1,250

1,360

1,770

1,640

1,460

1,250

764

428

537

469

420

400

June

400

344

126

373

330

309

340

491

675

780

798

461

362

340

330

254

118

457

444

412

404

333

286

236

373

&6

306

316

295

292

July

202

381

333

171

358

330

312

169

316

326

316

289

242

202

41

216

227

230

230

266

242

38

242

233

233

257

263

236

37

219

210

Aug.

184

184

OQQ

248

40

219

230

202

199

192

169

40

199

202

205

205

219

273

37

208

224

230

236

197

260

45

208

286

279

102

248

Sept.

148

01 Q

312

295

251

186

41

233

263

266

263

213

72

33

51

52

50

114

192

227

120

299

263

181

164

169

152

29

NOTE. Discharge estimated for the following days when water-stage recorder was not operating satisfactorily: Oct. 22,23, 29, 30, Nov. 18, 24,25, Dec. 20, 22-24, Jan. 4-6,19, Mar. 7,8, May 31, June 1, and Aug. 

2 5 and 26.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 109

Monthly discharge of Beaver River at Eagle Falls, near Number Four, N. Y.,for 

the year ending September 30, 19&3

[Drainage area, 230 square miles]

Month

November __________________

December __ _____ . . __

January _________

March ______________________

April........................................

May ____________

June ___________ . . . .

July...............................

August ______________________

September __________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

176 

209 

226 

326 

223 

437 

2,980 

1,920 

798 

381 

286 

323

2,980

Minimum

11 

16 

14 

23 

20 

20 

185 

270 

118 

37 

37 

29

11

Mean

104 

169 

149 

233 

137 

228 

1,270 

1,010 

377 

238 

194 

186

358

Per square 

mile

0.452 

.735 

.648 

1.01 

.596 

.991 

5.52 

' 4.39 

1.64 

1.03 

.843 

.809

1.56

Run-ofl 

; in inches

0. 52 

.82 

.75 

1.16 

.62 

1.14 

6.16 

5.06 

1.83 

1.19 

.97 

.90

21.12

NOTE. The above figures do not necessarily represent the natural flow from the basin because of artificial storage, mainly in Stillwater reservoir and Beaver Lake.

STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER

EAST BRANCH OF OSWEGATCHIE BIVEB AT CRANBERRY LAKE, N. Y.

LOCATION. In village of Cranberry Lake, St. Lawrence County, 500 feet below

concrete dam at outlet of Cranberry Lake, and lO^j miles above Newton

Falls.

DRAINAGE AREA. 144 square miles (measured on topographic maps). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 5 to September 30, 1923. Comparable records at

station at Newton Falls, 10J^ miles below, October 6, 1912, to May 4, 1923. 

GAGE. Slope gage on left bank; read by Herbert Dean. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable about 200 feet below gage or by

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Large boulders and gravel; probably permanent. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during the period May 5 to

September 30,1923, 6.63 feet at 8 a. m. June 11 (discharge, 1,030 second-feet).

The minimum stage is reached when gates in dam are closed and when

there is no discharge over the spillway (discharge, practically zero). 

ICE. Stage-discharge relation probably not affected by ice. 

REGULATION. Discharge is regulated by operation of sluice gates at Cranberry

Lake dam. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent. Rating curve well

denned between 40 and 350 second-feet. Gage read to half-tenths once daily.

Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table.

Records good except on days when sluice gates in dam above are operated,

when one gage reading a day may not give the true mean daily gage height.
110 STJBtfACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Discharge measurements of East Branch of Oswegatchie River at Cranberry Lake, 

N. Y., during the year ending September SO, 1928

Date

Mar. 15 

15

15

16

16

16

Made by 

Lamson and Johnson ". 

__ .do - 

__ .do . . 

__ .do ... . -

.....do . 

Gage 

height

Feet 

3.58 

4.00

4.20

3.65

4 (U

4.22

4.28

Discharge

See.-ft. 

51.2 

92.8

119

57.8

93.1

123

131

Date

Mar. 16 

June 26

26

26

27

27

July 27

Made by 

Lamson and Johnson ». 

A. W. Harrington ______

-_ do _ ._ ____________

. .do ___._ ____________

.....do . __ ______

.....do ...... ___________

J. L. Lamson

Oage 

height

Fat 

4.24 

4.18

4.74

4.75

5.15

4.23

4.96

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

126 

124

217

226

323

124

284

oJEngineer, Board of Black River Regulating District.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of East Branch of Oswegatchie River at Cranberry 

Lake, N. Y., for the period May 5 to September SO, 1923

Day

1 

4 ___ ... 

5. ...........

7 .

Q

it) 

11 _ 

12 _______ 10

14 __._.

15-___ 

May

11Q

11Q

119

119

119

119

11Q

119

June

201 -ion

180

161

161

161

18ft

201

511

700

1,010

330

330

224

oo_t

July

190

190

190

190

200

212

212

212

212

212

301

301

301

301

301

Aug.

287

274

274

274

315

315

315

315

315

301

301

301

301

301

301

Sept.

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

Day

16 _______

17. ___ .....

18 

19. ______

20 _______

21 ____________

22

23 _ . 

24 ____________

25 _______

26 _______

27 _______

28 _______

29 _____ . ___

30 _________

31.. 

May

119

127

127

127

127

390

390

301

390

301

301

301

105

201

201

201

Jnue

224

119

119

119

119

119

119

119

144

144

180

224

201

190

190

July

301

301

301

287

287

287

287

287

287

287

287

274

287

287

287

287

Aug.

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

301

287

301

301

301

Wft

301

Sept.

301

301

301

301

287

287

287

287

287

287

287

287

287

287

no ry

NOTE. Discharge, June 10 and July 5, estimated because of doubtful gage-height record.

Monthly discharge of East Branch of Oswegatchie River at Cranberry Lake, N. Y., 

for the period May 5 to September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 144 square miles]

Month

May5-31-_ ____ . ______________

June ______________________

July. ._ .

September __________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

390 

1,010 

301 

315 

301

Minimum

105 

119 

190 

274 

287

Mean

186 

236 

263 

300 

296

Per square 

mile

1.29 

1.64 

1.83 

2.08 

2.06

Run-off in 

inches

1.30 

1.83 

2.11 

2.40 

2.30

NOTE. The monthly discharge does not necessarily represent the natural flow from the basin because 

of artiflcal storage in Cranberry Lake.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 

EAST BRANCH OF OSWEGATCHIE RIVER AT NEWTON FALLS, N. *.

Ill

LOCATION. In village of Newton Falls, St. Lawrence County, 600 feet below 

lower dam of Newton Falls Paper Co., 4 miles above mouth of Little River, 

and 10^2 miles below outlet of Cranberry Lake.

DRAINAGE AREA. 170 square miles (measured on topographic maps); previously 

published as 166 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 6, 1912, to May 4, 1923, when station was discontinued because of backwater from Browns Falls dam.

GAGE. Vertical staff on left bank; read by Henry Van Waldick. Datum lowered 1 foot on July 28, 1920.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS.1 Made from cable 50 feet above gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Small boulders and rock; covered with waste from 

pulp mill; practically permanent.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during the period October 

1, 1922, to May 4, 1923, 4.28 feet at 4.30 p.m. November 6 (discharge, 737 

second-feet); minimum stage is reached nearly every Sunday in low-water 

period, when paper mills shut down.

1912-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 6.1 feet (old datum) at 5.15 p.m. 

March 28, 1913 (discharge, 2,200 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice only for a short time during extremely cold weather.

REGULATION. Considerable diurnal fluctuation in flow caused by operation of 

paper mills at Newton Falls. Seasonal flow largely controlled by storage 

at Cranberry Lake.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; probably not affected by ice. Rating curve well defined between 40 and 1,000 second-feet. 

Gage read to tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

mean daily gage height to rating table, except for days of great fluctuation 

due to closing down of power plant, when discharge is averaged for intervals 

of day. Records only fair, as mean daily gage height is obtained from only 

two readings and may be considerably in error on account of artificial 

regulation.

Discharge measurements of East Branch of Oswegatchie River at Newton Falls, 

N. Y., during the period October 1, 1922, to May 4, 192S

Date

Oct. 18

Jan. 28

Mar. 17

Made by 

A. W. Harrington _____ . _____________ . __ _ ____ .

J. L. Lamson _ .._ ..._____._«_...__. __. . _ .____-. --.-._____.

Gage 

height

Feet 

3.17

1.36

2.41

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

364

42.4

205

 Engineer, Board of Black River Regulating District
112 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of East Branch of Oswegatchie River at Newton 

Falls, N. Y., for the period October 1, 1922, to May 4, 1923

Day

1 . _____

2 . __ . _____

3.. .... _ ._ _

4 _____ . _____________ . ___ .

5 _____ . ____ _____ .

6 

7. _ 

8 - 

11 

12 IQ

1.1

15 - 

16. . - . 

17 . - 

18 

19 

20. ___ . __ - - .... .. 

21. . - -

99

24 __ _____ 

25.. ....... __ - -

26......... _____ .

97

28. ____ - 

29 . _ . _ _

30

9i

Oct.

286

286

263

309

286

333

263

357

321

309

298

298

263

309

298

263

357

411

309

357

333

309

321

321

357

357

298

321

411

411

Nov.

 411

qc7

321

298

563

499

411

357

383

321

150

274

274

321

357

357

263

333

309

274

357

469

321

383

263

274

263

321

309

Dec.

qoi

274

298 091

QOO

OAQ

and

357

9QQ

150

230

241

357

274

150

150

252

309

321

333

333

298

298

Jan.

357

OfiQ

298

263

357

159

.286

286

39

55

150

49

150

168

178-

178

178

168

58

81

132

168

298

263

241

100

120

263

263

Feb.

274

298

263

110

69

208

219

219

168

208

168

75

132

168

124

159

49

68

44

178

69

168

188

108

150

168

178

188

Mar.

55

168

198

' 55

198

116

58

39

58

44

141

188

159

178

188

188

55

88

150

219

219

274

263

69

88

81

132

241

178

168

Apr.

64

168

TOO

263

219

188

321

357

208

116

208

298

309

298

321

321

81

333

298

286

321

298

357

141

298

May

oqa

OK7

309

NOTE. Discharge Jan. 28,29, and Feb. 4 determined by averaging discharge for intervals of day; paper 

mills shut down, causing large diurnal fluctuation in flow.

Monthly discharge of East Branch of Oswegatchie River at Newton Falls, N. Y ., 

for the period October 1, 1922, to May 4, 1928

[Drainage area, 170 square miles]

Month

April..... _ . _ _..__ __.___ _ .... __

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

411 

563 

357 

357 

298 

274 

383 

357

Minimum

263 

150 

150 

39 

44 

39 

64 

309

Mean

320 

339 

285 

199 

157 

139 

267 

330

Per square 

mile

1.88 

1.99 

1.68 

1.17 

.924 

.818 

1.57 

1.94

Run-off in 

inches

2.17 

2.22 

1.84 

1.35 

.96 

.94 

1.T5 

.29

NOTE. The above figures do not necessarily represent the natural flow from the basin because of 

artificial storage, mainly in Cranberry Lake.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE BIVER

OSWEGATCHIE RIVER NEAR HEUVELTON, N. Y.

113

LOCATION. 2J^ miles above Heuvelton, St. Lawrence County, 3 miles below 

Rensselaer Falls, and 7 miles above mouth of Indian River (outlet of Black 

Lake).

DRAINAGE AREA. 967 square miles (measured on topographic maps); previously 

published as 961 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 23, 1916, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Gurley seven-day water-stage recorder on right bank; inspected by 

George B. Todd.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 20 feet below*gage or by wading

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Solid rock; practically permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage, 

recorder, 6.89 feet at 5.30 p. m. April 10 (discharge, 9,920 second-feet); minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 0.82 foot at noon August 8 (discharge, 

280 second-feet).

1916-1923: Maximum stage from water-stage recorder, 7.6 feet from 9 

a. m. to noon March 30, 1917 (discharge, 11,700 second-feet); minimum 

stage from water-stage recorder, 0.81 foot from 2 to 4 a. m. September 30, 

1921 (discharge, 274 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-dis9harge relation slightly affected by ice during extremely cold 

periods.

REGULATION. During low water there is some diurnal fluctuation due to operation of mills at Rensselaer Falls and above. Seasonal flow regulated by 

storage in Cranberry Lake.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; probably not affected 

by ice. Rating curve well defined between 400 and 12,000 second-feet. 

Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory except as indicated in footnote to daily discharge table. Daily discharge ascertained by applying to 

rating table mean daily gage height determined by inspection of recorder 

graph, or for days of considerable fluctuation, by averaging discharge for 

intervals of day. Records good, except for po-iods of estimate, for which 

they are fair.

Discharge measurements of Oswegatchie River near Hewwlton, N. Y., during the year

ending September 30, 1923

Date

Apr. 21

July 24

Made by Gage 

height

Feet 

1.72

2.68

1.02

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

937

2,090

388
114 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Oswegatchie River near Heuvelton, N.Y., for the 

year ending September SO, 1923

Day

1 ____ . _____

2 _________

3. ________

4 _________

5 _____ _ _____

6 ________

7- ..___ __ .

8. _____________

9 ______________

10-__._____ __ .

ll-, ______.__

12... _____ ...

13 ___________

14. _____ __

15 _________

16 _____ _ __

17_________.____

18 _._________

19 ________

20 ______ ___.

21 _________

22 _________

23 ________ .

24 _________

25____._________

26.. _______

27 ._.._ .

28. ________

29 ________ .

30 _________

31.... _ ____ _

Oct.

393

QQQ

QQQ

360

318

344

481

517

626

562

KQ_f

547

602

642

586

532

500

555

509

cno

618

684

650

642

578

Nov.

502

_1OK

481

532

. 509

494

Kno

494

618

726

658

700

791

825

825

825

882

930

958

Q77

892

762

684

667

Dec.

667

667

Cert

71O

1 750

fino

626

600

578

570

500

cno

547

517

499

qoo

q,£Q

420

550

Jan.

700

1,400

1,550

1,380

1,290

1,200

1 1 on

QQti

Q3fl

7QQ

*7nn

fiQ9

fino

490

470

460

470

.ton

KAn

con

530

800

QKQ

988

Qin

753

Feb.

550

560

650

650

570

634

626

618

610

610

630

630

520

510

520

530

520

eon

520

KAjn

550

.ton

.ton

460

AKf\

450

460

Mar.

460

480

KflQ

555

1,200

1,060

QQQ

DQO

COO

[2,200

I

q QCn

3,150

q /mn

6,250

6,250

[4,200

1

2,220

1,820

Apr.

1,670

1 400

3,540

5,290

6,450

7,470

8,320

8,990

9 460

9 220

8,320

7 050

6,050

5,100

4,210

3,460

9 ftfifl

2,500

2 99O

2,080

2, 360

2, 780

q nofi

3,080

2,710

2,220

2,360

May

2,360

2

Qfirt

9 90/1

2,020

1,760

1,590

1,380

1,210

1,120

1,140

1,370

1,720

1,880

1 880

1,760

1 770

2,220

2,500

9 Sfifl

2,780

2,780

q ncn

2 860

2,570

9 9QO

2,080

1,880

1,680

1,380

1,230

1,100

June

1,020

oni

816

771

825

844

1,410

2,500

2,930

3,230

3,160

2,570

2,020

1,700

1,410

1,160

996

834

667

610

658

618

517

454

448

481

481

July

494

562

555

502

494

487

468

547

578

441

382

349

376

416

487

540

468

382

339

468

555

509

428

370

360

370

399

376

370

344

370

Aug.

365

365

387

376

382

308

382

405

416

370

365

375

382

416

448

399

428

509

un

470

Sept.

517

454

411

454

411

399

354

428

468

416

405

399

468

570

594

594

540

487

481

578

610

602

726

709

692

667

650

634

585

NOTE. Discharge for following periods when water-stage recorder was not operating satisfactorily es - 

timated by comparison with records of flow of nearby streams: Oct. 19-22, Nov. 13-18, 26, 27, Dec. 6-16 

19-22, 28-31, Jan. 4-6, 14-26, 31, Feb. 1-4, 9, 10, 12-28, Mar. 1, 2,5-10, 12, 13,15-23, 26-29, May 18, 19, Jul,, 

1, Aug. 12-19, Aug. 26 to Sept. 1.

Monthly, discharge of Oswegatchie River near Heuvelton, N. Y., for the year endin /

September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 967square miles]

Month

July - _._ . .___ .___.

September _________________ , 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

684 

977 

825 

1,550 

650 

6,250 

9,460 

3,080 

3,230 

578 

540 

726

9,460

Minimum

318 

416 

349 

460 

450 

460 

1,400 

1,100 

448 

339 

308 

354

308

Mean

519 

680 

582 

822 

553 

2,360 

4,340 

1,960 

1,220 

445 

408 

527

1,200

Per square 

mile

0.537 

.703 

.602 

.850 

.572 

2.44 

4.49 

2.03 

1.26 

.460 

.422 

.545

1.24

Run-ofl 

in inches

0.62 

.78 

.66 

.98 

.60 

2.81 

5.01 

2.34 

1.41 

.53 

.49 

.61

16.87

NOTE The above figures do not necessarily represent the natural flow from the bsain because of art iflcial storage mainly in Cranberry Lake.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 115

WEST BRANCH OF OSWEGATCHIE RIVER NEAR HABBISVIILE, N. Y.

LOCATION. At highway bridge near Geers Corners, 4 miles downstream from 

Harrisville, Lewis County, and 16 miles above confluence of east and west 

branches near Talcville.

DRAINAGE AREA. 256 square miles (measured on topographic maps); previously 

published as 245 square miles. *

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 1, 1916, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Vertical staff in three sections on right bank; section graduated from 

0.0 to 3.3 feet 25 feet below bridge, and two sections graduated from 3.3 to 

10.1 feet on downstream side of bridge abutment. Gage read by Frank 

Osborne.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 200 feet above gage from downstream side of highway bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Rocky and rough; practically permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 7.2 feet at 

6 p. m. April 7 (discharge, 3,740 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.90 foot 

several times during period August 10-19 (discharge, 27 second-feet).

1916-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 8.1 feet at 6.30 a. m. and 6 p. m. 

March 28, 1917 (discharge, 4,880 second-feet); minimum discharge, that of 

August 10-19, 1923.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation only slightly affected by ice during extremely cold

, periods.

REGULATION. During low water there is some diurnal fluctuation in flow caused 

by operation of pulp mill at Harrisville.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; not seriously affected 

by ice. Rating curve fairly well defined between 50 and 4,000 second-feet. 

Gage read to half-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records good except tho.se for 

low stages, which, owing to diurnal fluctuation, are only fair. \

Discharge measurements of West Branch of Oswegatchie River near Harrisville N. Y., 

during the year ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 18 

Mar. 18

Apr. 20

Made by 

A. W. Harrington.. __

.....do -- . .._ _ .

Gage 

height

Feet, 

1.41 

o3.70

3.34

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

76.3 

739

637

Date

June 27 

July 28

Made by 

A. W. Harrington __ .

Qage 

height

Feet

1.57 

1.52

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

100 

101

» Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice.
116 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second~feet, of West Branch of Oswegatchie River near Harrisville, N. Y., for the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1

2 .«.. _ ....

3. . __ ..

4. .............

5 ..........

6. ___ . ___ ..

7. .............

8.... ........._

9. _ .... ......

10... ____ ...

11 __ ....... ...

12. -...-..-..

13 ____ .... ...

14 _______ .

15. . ___

16...'..... ___ .

17 

18. ... ___ .

19 

20 _ - _ ....

21 . __ .....

22 _____ . .....

23,... _____ ..

24.-... ____ .

25 . .......

26........ ...

27 ____ .. .....

28 __ ..........

29 _ . __ . __ .

30 . 

31..............

Oct.

48

48

52

45

40

40

40

68

90

106

106

106

123

123

82

123

90

87

90

90

98

98

OR

186

248

186

174

174

1 CO

123

106

Nov.

106

106

98

114

142

180

186

186

186

174

152

142

142

320

276

248

305

351

one

235

186

186

186

174

Dec.

163

210

OQK

186

163

186

186

174

Ifiq

186

163

163

123

123

123

106

123

90

Qfl

OR

106

114

 I DO

106

Jan.

999

438

eqc

40 5.

438

384

351

90fl

262

248

01 fl

210

186

1 ^9

152

152

163

149

152

235

290

336

305

351

0/)K

9fi9

91ft

210

186

Feb.

174

186

186

222

198

198

174

119

186

163

163

106

132

142

123

123

114

1*3

123

132

123

193

123

Mar.

142

not

351

384

290

351

305

290

290

290

90fl

438

665

810

860

Rfifl

760

1,030

1,490

1,560

1,350

1,090

860

760

575

cqc

Apr.

438

384

456

915

1,640

2,790

3,740

3,520

3, 300

2,890

2,130

1,960

1,800

1,640

1,490

1,210

1,030

810

710

665

665

915

1,420

1,640

1,490

i;280

970

860

915

1,030

May

1,090

970

860

665

575

495

456

402

456

665

760

760

760

710

620

665

810

1,030

1,150

1,090

1,030

1,030

 970

915

760

665

535

456

351

320

290

June

290

262

248

210

210

210

222

276

575

970

970

760

575

419

305

248

222

198

163

163

142

142

123

106

123

114

132

123

142

122

July

210

163

152

142

106

98

78.

82

82

65

65

62

65

72

106

65

62

114

82

78

78

98

50

62

65

62

6S

68

98

56

60

Aug.

56

56

60

60

72

42

39

36

40

36

34

36

45

42

48

45

40

33

30

45

42

48

62

68

68

75

60

62

. 87

87

82

Sept.

7-2

75

65

60

56

62

68

72

82

163

132

142

123

106

90

90

65

50

62

65

163

320

305

235

198

123

106

106

98

90

IfOTE.- Discharge estimated Nov. 7; no gage-height record.

r

Monthly discharge of West Branch of Oswegatchie River near Harrisville, N. Y., for 

the year ending September 80, 1923

[Drainage area, 256 square miles]

Month

April.. ..... _ . __ ... _ ...... _ ......

September __ ........ _____ __

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

248 

351 

235 

535 

222 

1', 560 

3,740 

1,150 

970 

210 

87 

320

3,740

Minimum

40

98 

90 

142 

106 

114 

384 

290 

106 

50 

30 

50

30

Mean

105 

196 

145 

283 

150 

596 

1,490 

720 

296 

87.5 

52.8 

115

353

Per square 

mile

0.410

.766 

.566 

1.10 

.586 

2.33 

fl.82 

2.81 

1.16 

.342 

.206 

.449

1.38

Run-off in 

inches

0.47 

.85 

.65 

1.27 

.61 

2.69 

6.49 

3.24 

1.29 

.39 

.24 

.50

18.69
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 117

RAQUETTE RIVER AT PEGRCEFIEID, N. T.

LOCATION. Half a mile below dam of International Paper Co. at Piercefield, 

St. Lawrence County, and three-quarters of a mile above head of Black 

Rapids.

DRAINAGE AREA. 723 square miles (all but 16 square miles measured on topographic maps). t

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 20, 1908, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Stevens continuous water-stage recorder installed October 22, 1912, on 

left bank; inspected by employee of International Paper Co.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable three-quarters of a mile below 

gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel opposite gage is a deep pond with no perceptible velocity. Control is at head of Black Rapids.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

. 9.63 feet at 9.30 a, m. April 30 (discharge, 4,600 second-feet); minimum stage 

from water-stage recorder, 1.50 feet from 4 to 10 a. m. October 8 (discharge 

36 second-feet).

1908-1923: Maximum stage from water-stage recorder, 11.82 feet from 6 

to 8 p. m. April 17, 1922 (discharge, 7,580 second-feet); minimum stage from 

water-stage recorder, 0.85 foot at 11 a. m. September 2, 1913 (discharge, 

about 10 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice.

REGULATION. Large diurnal fluctuation in flow during low and medium stages 

caused by operation of paper mill. Numerous lakes in upp6r part of drainage basin afford considerable storage, most of which is so controlled that the 

effect on the seasonal distribution of flow is large.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected by 

ice from December to April. Rating curve well defined between 50 and 

5,000 second-feet. OperatioH of water-stage recorder satisfactory except as 

indicated in footnote to daily-discharge table. Daily discharge ascertained 

by applying to rating table mean daily gage height determined by inspection of recorder graph, or for days of considerable fluctuation, by averaging 

discharge for intervals of day. Records good except for period of ice effect 

for which they are fair.

Discharge measurements of Raquette River at Piercefield, N. Y., during the year ending September 30, 1923

Date

Oct. 31

Mar. 22

April 19

26

Made by 

. _ .do... . __ . _ .

.....60 .................

 do __ _-__ ..___ 

Gage 

height

Feet 

4.00

"4.50

a 49

9.28

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

471

5£7

3,250

4,070

Date

31

15

Made by 

.....do. _ ...... ___ .

Gage

height

.Feet 

6.92

7^40

4.45

. 2.46

Discharge "

Sec.-ft. 

 1, 980

2,440

648

132

 Stage-discharge relation affected by iea.
118 SURFACE WATER SUPPLYj 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Raquette River at Piercefield, N. Y., for the year

ending September SO, 192S

Day

1. .............

2 _________

3.. ----.-._._-.

4.. _______ .

5 ..............

6 ..............

7_-._... .

8 ..............

9 ___ . .......

10 _____ . ....

11. .............

12.. __ ........

13....... .......

14..............

16.. _____ ...

16. ___ ........

17.. __ . _ ...

18 ..............

19... _____ ..

20- ____ ....

21

22......... __ .

23.. __ . ___ .

24- _______

25

26.. __ .. __ ..

27 ..............

28..............

29... . ___ .

30 _ . .....

31..............

Oct.

175

984

398

311

203

323

140

60

324

456

403

226

243

331

127

307

361

89

70

316

410

204

182

357

372

207

199

91

86

336

433

Nov.

425

84

258

198

320

4OK

306

358

434

205

297

433

440

440

308

371

231

333

466

440

465

466

440

236

390

682

530

470

Dec.

470

470

247

367

486

470

470

486

547

300

420

fittf!

600

650

500

4sn

94A

dnn

550

460

dsn

600

420

130

160

460

550

550

650

550

180

Jan.

500

KCft

650

Ann

700

900

V

660

700

660

3nn

560

700

Hfi/1

650

600

600

300

440

550

600

Feb.

CKfl

ccn

ftfft

280

440

650

650

650

ccn

500

280

420

500

550

500

600

480

200

200

380

440

440

420

300

150

280

360

420

Mar.

420

420

QAA

Iftfl

340

asn

500

Aon

460

800

170

320

AAf\

480

500

650

CCA

280

360

600

500

650

550

CKfl

280

400

650

650

660

800

900

Apr.

420

660

sin

950

1,200

1,100

1 300

1,500

9 nnn

2,200

2,600

2,800

3,000

3,300

3,600

3,600

3,500

3,500

3,300

3,200

3,300

3,400

3,700

4,010

4,120

4,230

4,230

4,230

4,230

4,450

May

4,450

A AKf\

4 340

4,230

4,120

3,800

3,800

3,700

3,600

3,600

3 4fin

3,300

3,110

3,200

3,110

3,110

3,110

3,200

3,200

3,110

3,200

3,200

3,110

3,020

2,930

2,840

2,570

2,750

2,570

2,410

2,410

June

2,170

o ncn

1,670

1,870

1,800

1,870

1 S7ft

1 800

l' 560

1,700

1,960

1,940

i onn

1,780

1,760

1,700

1,070

1,700

1,660

1,400

1,250

1,130

1,130

439

462

582

816

600

1,000

1,190

July

469

794

1,130

299

416

565

840

265

430

600

582

582

582

665

269

3Q7

548

548

630

516

515

227

392

616

616

530

530

500

236

392

600

Aug.

<MU

435

AQ K

330

142

287

QOfi

oqrt

230

222

166

73

285

372

210

58

67

69

76

298

425

123

66

69

66

76

71

66

70

70

162

Sept.

364

189

76

289

290

146

85

69

65

75

69

163

372

398

72

68

62

68

302

425

398

143

75

295

398

410

341

220

126

fe. Discharge estimated for following days when water-stage recorder was not operating satisfactorily: Jan. 7-18,26-28, 30, 31, Feb. 1-7, Mar. 9 and 10. Discharge, Dec. 10 to Apr. 13, determined from 

gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of one discharge measurement, study of gage-height graph, 

and weather records.

Monthly discharge of Raquette River at Piercefield, N. Y., for the year ending September SO, 1928

[Drainage area, 723 square miles]

Month

April.... . _ . .... __ .

September ____________ , ......

The year ____ .. ....................

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

465 

582 

600 

900 

550 

900 

4,450 

4,450 

2.170 

1,130 

485 

425

4,450

Minimum

60 

84 

130 

300 

150 

150 

420 

2,410 

439 

227 

56 

62

56

Mean

258 

366 

438 

603 

423 

464 

2,810 

3,320 

1,460 

507 

194 

208

921

Per square 

mile

0.357 

.506 

.606 

.834 

.585 

.642 

3.89 

4.59 

2.02 

.701 

.268 

.288

1.27

Run off in 

inches

0.41 

.56 

.70 

.96 

.61 

.74 

4.34 

5.29 

2.25 

.81 

.31 

.32

17.30

t NOTE. See paragraph on " Regulation'
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 119

ST. REGIS RIVER AT BRASHER CENTER, N. Y.

LOCATION. 600 feet above steel highway bridge in Brasher Center, St: Lawrence 

County, 6 miles below junction of East and West branches of St. Regis 

River at Winthrop, 7 miles above mouth of Deer River, and 15 miles above 

mouth.

DRAINAGE AREA. 621 square miles (measured on post-route map).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 22, 1910, to November 10, 1917, and January 1, 

1919, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Gurley seven-day water-stage recorder installed August 14, 1920, on 

left bank; inspected by Alfred Berry. Datum same as that of staff gage 

with inclined and vertical sections Used June 24, 1916, to August 14, 1920. 

A chain gage on downstream side of bridge, at independent datum, was used 

August 22, 1910, to June 23, 1916.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable at gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Rock ledge, small boulders, and coarse gravel; practically permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 9.75 feet at 6 a. m. April 9 (discharge, 6,430 second-feet); minimum 

stage from water-stage recorder, 5.72 feet at midnight August 16 (discharge, 

138 second-feet).

1910-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 9.1 feet (old datum) at 7 a. m. 

March 27, 1914 (discharge, 16,200 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 

5.25 feet at 5 p. m. August 8, 1917 (discharge, about 34 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent, except as affected 

by ice. Rating curve well defined between 200 and 6,000 second-feet. 

Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory except as indicated in footnote to daily-discharge table. Daily discharge ascertained by applying to 

rating table mean daily gage height determined by inspection of recorder 

graph, or for days of considerable fluctuation, by averaging discharge for 

intervals of day. Records good except for periods of ice effect or estimate, 

for which they are fair.

Discharge measurements of St. Regis River at Brasher Center, N.Y., during the year 

ending September 80, J9S8

Date

Oct. 19

26

Mar. 20

Made by 

A. W. Harrington ......

.do .

.....do... ____ .....

Gage 

height

Feet 

5.90 

6.46

«6.44

«7.33

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

210 

651

427

1,010

Date

Apr. 21

July 23

Made by 

A.W. Harrington .

Gage 

height

Feet 

7.57 

6.55

5.92

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

2,140 

818

207

Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
120 SURFACE WATER SUPPLYj 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Regis River at Brasher Center, N. Y., for the 

year ending September SO, 1923

Day

1 ____ . .....

2... _ ._.__...

3..............

4 .. ___ . __ .

5 .. ____ . _

?:::::::::::::: 8 .... __ ....

9 _____ . __ .

10 ...........

11 ........

12 .........

13 .. _ .. ....

14 .. ___ . .....

15... __ . .....

16... ___ .. ..

17... __ . ...

18..............

19 ......

20... ___ . .

21..'............

22... ___ . .....

23......... .....

24..............

25... ___ . .....

26 .. ...

27 .... ...

28... ___ .. ....

29 .......... ...

30 ___ . . .

31 __ . _ .. ....

Oct.

184

184

179

184

179

184

202

270

492

567

529

412

284

259

242

232

215

220

232

237

259

277

364

456

538

548

529

474

429

404

Nov.

412

372

388

465

675

685

615

705

695

625

576

447

483

665

625

KQ«

635

846

870

7ft K

fil ^

615

529

492

520

483

510

Dec.

605

800

894

870

QKfi

snn

650

KKrt

KArt

420

00ft

qnn

280

280

280

280

9fift

qnn

340

ft/If)

320

320

oon

280

240

260

Jan.

700

1,200

800

700

600

fiAft

550

500

480

400

400

380,

360

340

OQft

280

9ftn

300

onrt

300

qofl

KCfl

600

Cf\f)

Krtn

420

420

400

400

380

Feb.

380

400

AAf\

460

420

420

400

400

400

360

340

340

320

300

Mar.

280

280

300

440

700

1,800

i finn

1,100

1,100

1 3Aft

q «nn

2 800

1,800

i ofin

1,200

1,100

1,000

950

Apr.

960

900

1,110

2,400

3,200

3,600

A (\(V\

4 400

5,180

3,820

3,820

4,330

4,120

q eqn

q rtrtA

2,500

2,030

1,820

1,480

2,260

5,290

4,860

3,920

3,170

9 7Aft

9 P»ftn

2 660

May

2,920

2,500

2,100

1,820

1,650

1,520

1,380

1,210

1,240

1,280

1,490

1 ^SJft

1,460

1,280

1,390

1,980

2,100

1,760

2,260

i oftft

1, 560

1,270

1,100

930

834

766

655

567

Jane

492

474

456

538

2,470

2,920

3,260

4. fi4fl

5,400

3,720

2,740

2,180

1,730

1,390

1,140

978

822

685

510

429

372

340

380

558

685

625

766

954

1,080

1,090

July

858

520

319

298

291

284

270

259

248

237

237

232

215

215

215

220

215

210

205

200

Aug.

195

190

185

179

170

174

170

162

154

158

150

150

154

160

146

146

146

154

158

162

170

188

206

232

226

192

188

174

215

202

202

Sept.

202

192

188

179

197

166

192

170

170

215

284

284

248

226

215

210

202

202

197

202

226

264

438

465

429

356

305

277

264

254

NOTE. Discharge for the following periods when water-stage recorder was not operating satisfactorily estimated by comparison with records of flow of near-by streams: Jan. 3-5, 7,18,19,21, 22, Feb. 

1,2,14-28, Mar. 1, 2, 5-16, 23, 26-30, Apr. 1,2, 4-6, May 25,29-31, June 1,4,6-8,11-15, 21,22, 24, 25, 29, July 

1-13,17-20, and July 28 to Aug. 3. Discharge, Dec. 5 to Apr. 8, determined from gage heights corrected 

for ice effect by means of three discharge measurements, study of gage-height graph and weather records, 

and comparison with records of flow of near-by streams.

Monthly discharge of St. Regis River at Brasher Center, N. Y.,for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 621 square miles]

Month

November.... __ __ ..

December.... _________ . .. . ..

February ______ ___________ . . .

March _________ ____ . ..

April... _ ___ . ________

May _ ... . ____ . ..

June .. . _ ..... _ ___ ....

July........................ .................

August __ __ . _______

September __ . ______ __ . , ..........

The year ........ __________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

567 

870 

894 

1,200 

460 

3,600 

5,290 

2.920 

5,400 

858 

232 

465

5.400

Minimum

179 

326 

240 

280

280 

900 

567 

340 

200 

146 

166

146

Mean

326 

578 

442 

473 

342 

1,100 

3,120 

1,540 

1,460 

370 

176 

247

847

Per square 

mile

0.525 

.931 

.712 

.762 

.551 

1.77 

5.02 

2.48 

2.35 

.596 

.283 

.398

1.36

Run-off i n 

inches

0.61 

1.04 

.82 

.88 

.57 

2.04 

5.60 

2.86 

2.62 

.69 

.33 

.44

18.50
STEBAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE EIVEE 121

RICHELIEU RIVER AT FORT MONTGOMERY, ROUSES POINT, N. Y.

LOCATION. Inside fort, three-eighths of a mile south of international boundary, 

half a mile above head of Richelieu River, outlet of Lake Champlain, and 1 

mile northeast of Rouses Point, Clinton County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 7,870 square miles, including 436 square miles of water surface 

(from annual report of New York State Engineer and Surveyor).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. 1875 to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Distance to water surface from reference point on curb of well inside the 

fort measured by a staff, graduated to feet and tenths, during portion of 

year. At other times a temporary staff gage, set by water level, fastened 

to a pile just below the Rutland railroad bridge, and about 25 feet from 

shore, was read, and reading$ reduced to datum of gage at the fort. Gages 

read by Thomas Bourke. Elevation of gage zero, 92.50 feet above mean 

sea level.

EXTREMES OF STAGL. Maximum elevation recorded during year, 98.7 feet at 10 

a. m. May 3; minimum elevation recorded, 92.9 feet at 10 a. m. September 21. 

1869-1923: Maximum elevation recorded, 103.28 feet April, 1869; minimum elevation recorded, 91.9 feet November 13, 1908.

COOPERATION. Gage heights observed under direction of the Corps of Engineers 

of the United States Army and reported monthly to the United States 

Geological Survey.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Richelieu River at Fort Montgomery, Rouses Point, N. Y., 

for the year ending September 80, 1928

Day

1

2 ___ .... __ .

3

4. ________

5 . ........

6 ___ ..... _ .

7 __ ..........

8-., . _ .

9 ___ . .......

10 _____ .....

11. _ .. ___ ..

12 ___ . ___ ..

13 ... __ ....

14 ________ .

15... ___ ..

16 ...........

17 __ .........

18...... _ .....

19 __ ..... ....

20. __ .. _ .

21 ______ .

22 _________

23..............

24 ...... _ . .... 

25.. ___ .....

26 _ ...........

27 ___ .........

28 ..........

29... __ ........ 

30 ......... 

31 . __ .. _ .

Oct.

1.15

1.15

1.05

1.1

.95

.95

1.0

1.1

1.0

.95

1.0

1.3

.95

1.3

.95

1.05

.95

.95

.85

.8

.8

1.3

.75 

1.1

.55

.5

.5

.55 

.55 

.55

Nov.

0.55

.65

.6

.6

.6

.55

.8

.65

.65

.75

.85

AK

.5

.8

.5

.85

.6

.5

.6

.6

.6

.7

.55 

.45

.45

.85

.6

.55 

.5

Dec.

0.9

.4

.7

.6

1.05

.85

.8

.6

.5

.5

.45

.55

.5

.5

.5

.45

.45

.45

.45

.45

.5

.5

.5 

.5

.5

.5

.5

.55 -.6 

.6

Jan.

0.6

.66

.85

.95

1.1

1.05

1.05

1.06

l.O^

1.1

1.15

1.2

1 9

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.35

1.4 

1.4

1.36

1. 3i

1.3

1.26 

1.26 

1.2i

Feb.

1.2

1.2

1.15

1.15

1.1

1.05

1.05

1.05

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1 

1.1

1.05

1.05

1.05

Mar.

1.1

1.15

1.15

1.15

i i ^

1.15

1.15

3.15

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.25

1.4

1.45

i ^

1.6

1.65

1.7

1.95 

2.1

2.15

2.3

2.4

2.4 

2.35 

2.35

Apr.

2.35

2

oe

2 A

3.1

3.6

4.15

4.6

4.85

5-15

5.3

K QK

5.45

5.45

5.6

5.6

5.5

5.5

5.45

5.4

5.35

5.4

5.35

5.55 

5.' 55

5.85

5.75

5.75

5.85 

6.0

May

6.1

6.15

6.2

6.15

6.05

6.0

5.95

5.9

5.8

5.7

5.5

5.5

5.4

5.4

5.45

5.3

5.35

'5.35

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.35

5.25 

5.2

5.05

4.95

4.85

4.7 

4.65 

4.55

June

4.55

4.25

4.2

4.15

4 25

4.4

4.25

4.45

4.55

4.4

4.45

4.25

4.3

4.25

4.1

4.1

4.1

3.9

3.7

3.6

3.55

3.5 

3.4

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.15 

3.1

July

3.05

3.0

2

Qe

2.95

2.85

2.75

2.65

2.7

2.6

2.55

2.4

2.35

2.3 9 ">>;

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.15

2.1

2.15

1.95

1.9

2.05 

1.9

1.8

1.95

1.7

1.7 

1.7 

1.85

Aug.

1.75

1.55

1.5

1.45

1.65

1.35

1.35

1.35-

1.3

1.25

1.2

1.35

1.15

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.6

1.05

1.15

.95

.95

.95 

.95

.95

.95

1.25

.85 

.9 

.9

Sept.

0.8

.9

.85

.8

.9

.3

QC

.7

.65

.7

.75

.7

.7

.65

.6

55

.6

.4

.5

.4

.5

.65

.65 

.6

.65

.75

.65

!5.'»

'Hoyt, J. C., U. S. Qeol. Supply Water-Supply Paper 97, p. 340.
122 SUEPACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

LAKE CHAMPLAIN AT BURLINGTON, VT.

LOCATION. On south side of roadway leading to dock of Champlain Transportation Co., at foot of King Street, Burlington, Chittenden County.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 1, 1907, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Staff/ Comparisons of gage readings indicate that zero of gage at 

Burlington is at practically the same elevation as that of gage at Fort Montgomery, 92.5 feet above mean sea level. Gage read by employee of the 

Champlain Transportation Co.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.53 feet May 

3; minimum stage recorded, 0.74 foot December 23.

1907-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 8.22 feet April 19, 1922; minimum 

stage, -0.25 foot December 4, 1908.

ICE. Wider parts of Lake Champlain not usually frozen over until the latter 

part of January. Occasionally closure does not occur until February, and 

in some years it lasts only for a few days. The northern end of the lake 

above the outlet is usually covered with ice from the middle ofc December 

to the middle of April.

ACCURACY. Gage read to hundredths at irregular intervals. Gage readings 

made when the lake is rough subject to inaccuracies due to wave action.

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by D. A. Loomis, general manager 

of the Champlain Transportation Co.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Lake Champlain at Burlington, Vt., for the year ending September 80, 1928

Day

1 _ - 

3 _ - 

4.. -

6 _ 

7.... 

8 

9- - -

10 _ 

11 

12 -

13- . 

14 ___ . -

15... 

16 

17 _ -

18 __ -

19 

20 . 

21 _ -

99

23 _ -

<M

25 ___ -

26 _ -

27 ___ __- 

28 _ - 

9Q

30 

31 ____ 

Oct.

1.42

1.39

1.38

1.34

1.32

1.28

1.24

1.15

1.06 

1.06

1.02

1.00

.96

.90

.90

.88

.88

Nov.

0.88

.90

.88

.84

.90 

.86

.86

""."96"

.~92~

.94

.88

.88

Dec.

0.88

.88

.86

.86

.......

.75

.74

.78

Jan.

1.16

.......

1.35

 -

~~1.~36~

1.41

Feb.

1.44

1:46

1.46

"l.~44~

1.44

 

1.40

Mar.

1.44

1.54

1~56

1.56

1.64

1 fi4

1.74 

1.88

1.95

1 OR

2.10

2 97

2

QG

2 Q4

3

AA

3 04

3.06

Apr.

3.06

3.08

3.16

3.40

3.76

4.28

5.15

5.46

5.60 

5.73

~~5.~96"

5.80

5.73

6.15

6.05

5.95

6.25

May

6.45

6.53

6 Cft

6.42

6.26

6.14

6.04

5

QK

5

QQ

5.65

5

KO

5.75

5.82

5.76 

5.65

5.62

5.55

5 44

5.24

5.18

5.05

5.00

June

4.77

4.70

4.57

4.47

4.47

A 4Q

4.49

4.64

4.73

4.73

4 PA

4 4<;

4.26

4.05 

3.98

3.90

3.70

3.65

3.60

3.40

July

3.35

3.20

3.10

3.04

3.00

2.90

2.85

9 79

2.66

2 fi9

2

KA

9 f^A

9 39

9 99

2 9ft

i on

Aug.

1.75

1.65

1.58

1.60 

1.55

1.46

1.45

"l.~28~

1,20

1.14

1 14

1.05

1.08

1.08

Sept.

0.97

.86

.64

.98

.93

.90

.86

.82

.7£

.76

.84 

.86

.86

.86

86

on
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 123

SAEANAC EIVEE WEAR PIATTSBUKG, N. Y.

LOCATION. At Indian Rapids power plant (formerly known as Lozier dam) of 

Plattsburg Gas & Electric Co., 6 miles above mouth at Plattsburg, Clinton 

County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 607 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 27, 1903, to September 30, 1923. fc

GAGES. Gage showing elevation of water surface above intake to power plant 

is a Gurley seven-day graph water-stage recorder installed November 12, 

1919, on retaining wall above power house on right side of river. Before 

that date the crest gage was a vertical staff on the angle of the wing wall at 

the end of the racks. Datum raised 0.76 foot August 20, 1906. Tailrace 

gage, a vertical staff spiked to timber-work dike between tailrace and river 

and about 50 feet below power house. Records of kilowatt output are obtained at half hour intervals. Inclined staff gage at cable station, a quarter 

of a mile below dam. Gages and watt meters read by power-house 

operators.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable at head of Indian Rapids, a 

quarter of a mile below dam, or by wading under cable or in tailrace.

DETERMINATION OP DISCHARGE. Records include the discharge over concrete 

spillway which has been rated by current-meter measurements; the discharge 

through two power units equipped with 300-kilowatt generators which have 

also been rated by current-meter measurements; and the discharge through 

two 5-foot waste gates when open, the rating for which is theoretical.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge during year, 3,250

second-feet June 9; minimum mean daily discharge, 65 second-feet January 7,

1903-1923: Maximum mean daily discharge recorded, 6,410 second-feet

April 20, 1914; minimum mean daily discharge recorded, 15 second-feet

August 4, 1908.

ICE. The crest of the spillway is kept free from ice so that the stage-discharge 

relation is not affected.

REGULATION. The lakes and ponds on the main stream and tributaries above 

the station comprise a water surface area of about 25.5 square miles. The 

actual storage afforded by these reservoirs has been largely increased by the 

State dam at lower Saranac Lake, the operation of which affects distribution 

of flow during the year.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Spillway rating curve fairly 

well defined between 100 and 5,000 second-feet; turbine rating fairly well 

defined throughout. Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory. Discharge over the spillway ascertained by averaging discharge for intervals of 

day. Discharge through the turbines ascertained by applying to their 

ratings the mean kilowatt output and head for periods of run. Records fair. 

COOPERATION. Record of power-plant operation furnished by Plattsburg Gas & 

Electric Co.
124 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART

Discharge measurements of Saranac River near Plattsburg, N. Y., during the year

ending September SO, 1928

[Made by Lamson and Johnson]

Date

July 18. ... -_- _ __ ....

18- _____ . ___ . __ . ____________

18. __ . _______________ ... . _ . .....

19 ____ __ _____

19..... _________ ...... _________ .. __ .

19. . ___ . _____ . ________ .. ___ .. ....

19 ._.__...._.__ ___ .__. __ ..... ... ......

19. __ . ___ ... __ .... . ________ .. __ .

19. ___________ .... ___ . _ . _____________

Gage 

height

Feet 

0.78

.42

Unit 

No.

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

Output

Kilowatts

200

150

100

50

150

100

50

Head

Feet

15.32

15.21

15.40

15.54

15.24

15.37

15.72

Discharge

Sec.-/*. "388

« 158

'288

» 248

& 220

* 182

'250

'229

' 190

1 Discharge over spillway only. Measurement made in tailrace; spillway excluded.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Saranac River near Plattsburg, N. Y., for the 

year ending September 30, 1928

Day

2__._ __

4 ___ - ____.._

6 ._____ __

7.. .... _____

. 8. __ . ___ -

9 _~ ~ 

10- . -

11 ___ .__- . __

12 __- . _

14 _____ 

16._ _ .

17. __ _.__..

18. __ .. ___ .

19. ___ .. __ ..

21 _ ... . .

22 _ .....

23___... _._..

24 ___ .... __ .

26. __ .........

27 ._. ......__.

28. ___ ..... _

29 . _ ____

30... . _- -

31 ....._....-___

t 

Oct

200

248

345

400

370

265

440

350

355

325

370

375

355

345

170

340

380

255

310

83

206

320

Nov.

395

340

360

230

250

305

265

228

194

330

182

246

172

270

244

164

154

164

200

190

164

192

110

220

204

192

214

Dec.

204

194

560

380

290

380

500

370

385

280

390

360

196

360

265

375

290

196

90

370

188

198

246

224

Jan.

570

4

fifi

440

280w

65

330

190

244

97c

315

265

144

275

216

260

325

400

OQK

270

178

375

Feb.

01 c

142

335

148

196

300

290

290

250

500

415

^nn

290

420

440

430

390

320

not

300

385

Mar.

300

300

325

345

186

500

460

_lQft

510

540

590

390

510

510

750

1,680

Q9fl

670

44.n

375

440

485

Apr.

234

440

920

2,650

1,980

2,280

2,260

2,320

2,950

2 850

1 900

1,720

1,520

1 080

1,100

2,200

Q AKfl

3,000

2,550

2 200

1,960

2,100

May

1,960

1,800

1,640

1,420

1,340

1,280

1,200

1,120

1,060

1,040

990

930

1,060

980

i njn

1,320

1,700

1,740

1,560

1,380

1,460

1,360

1 -I At)

760

OCA

940

Qefl

June

830

600

660

690

1,240

1,980

2,400

3,250

2,750

9 dt\n

2,100

1,640

1,440

1,120

850

710

700

650

630

485

560

560

630

620

650

July

530

590

660

610

610

510

530

370

580

480

420

415

285

-11 f\

340

385

410

485

385

440

son

460

410

228

/ion

Aug.

390

370

460

345

405

495

500

490

465

370

300

242

420

320

265

228

<i7fl

OOA

192

220

oon

275

400

415

Sept.

350

350

315

305

335

325

300

365

310

180

246

290

238

206

168

208

204

280

400

450

550

280

335

250

222

NOTE. Mean discharge, Oct. 1-9, estimated by comparison with record of Ausable River at Ausabl 

Forks; power plant shut down for repairs, pond drained and total discharge passed through waste gates. 6
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 125

Monthly discharge of Saranac River near Plattsburg, N. Y., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 607 square miles]

Month

February _____________________

April.............................. __ ........

May ________ . ___________

JulySeptember . . _________________

The year _________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

440 

395 

560 

570 

500 

1,680 

3,050 

1,960 

3,250 

660 

500 

550

3,250

Minimum

83 

110 

90 

65 

142 

186 

234 

760 

355 

228 

192 

168

65

Mean

283 

239 

315 

302 

328 

491 

1,900 

1,250 

1,120 

454 

337 

290

609

Per square 

mile

0.466 

.394 

.519 

.498 

.540 

.809 

3.13 

2.06 

1.85 

.748 

.555 

.478

1.00

Run-off in 

inches

0.54 

.44 

.60 

.57 

.56 

.93 

3.49 

2.38 

2.06 

.86 

.64 

.53

13.60

NOTE. See paragraph on "Regulation."

WEST BRANCH OF AUSABIE RIVER NEAR NEWMAN, N. Y. 

I

LOCATION. On farm formerly owned by James Dudley, 4 miles northeast of 

Newman, Essex County, and 4 miles below Lake Placid.

DRAINAGE AREA. 116 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 7, 1916, to December 31, 1917, and July 15, 1919; 

to September 30, 1923.

 GAGE. Staff, in two sections, on right bank; lower section, inclined, graduated 

from 1.4 to 8.65 feet; upper section, vertical, graduated from 8.7 to 11 feet; 

read by Mrs. Ethel Fuller.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 300 feet above gage or by wading.

 CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Solid rock; permanent.

.EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.41 feet at 

8 a. m. April 22 (discharge, 2,750 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 

1.90 feet at 2 p. m. February 4 (discharge, 8 second-feet).

1916-17; 1919-1923: Maximum open-water stage recorded, 8.22 feet at 

7 a. m. April 12, 1922 (discharge, about 6,300 second-feet); minimum stage 

recorded, 1.60 feet at 7.30 p. m. September 13,1920, caused by closing gates 

in dam (discharge, practically zero). »

ICE. Stage-discharge relation usually affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected 

by ice from December to April. Rating curve fairly well defined between 

30 and 1,000 second-feet, extended beyond these limits. Gage read to 

quarter-tenths twice daily, except December 10 to April 21, when it was read 

only once a day. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage 

height to rating table. Records only fair, as mean daily gage height, determined from one or two gage readings, is subject to error owing to fluctuations in stage caused by operation of dams upstream. 

72038 26f WSP 564 9
126 SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Discharge measurements of West Branch of Ausable River near Newman, N. Y.t 

during the year ending September SO, 1923

Date

Oct. 20

Nov. 17

25

Mar. 21

Made by 

__ .do __ . ______

.....do ...._-.-. ._ __

-.-do....... _ ...

Gage 

height

Fed 

2.52

2.79

"2.86

«3.08

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

46.7

98.7

07 7

71.9

Date

2

26

July 16

Made by- Gage 

height

Feet 

3.84

3.79

2.55

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

396

380

197 -

0 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Ausable River near Newman, N. Y., 

for the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1. _ ...... ....

2 __ . ____ _.

3 __ .... . _ ..

4 __ ..........

5. ___ ........

6 __ ..... __ .

7 __ - .........

8..... - .

9 ____ ... ....

10.... _ . ...

11. __ ... __ .

12... ____ . ...

13. _______

14. _____ . ....

15.. ____ 

16....- 

17. _ ..........

18.... .......

19. _ ..........

20........ ......

21 _____ . .....

22 _____ . .....

23. _______ .

24 __ . _ - ___

25 ____ . _ . .

26 _____ . .....

27 _____ ... ...

28. _ .. .... 

29

30. _ A- . _

31 _____ .. ....

Oct.

37

34

34

34

46

39

46

94

67

Qft

78

61

54

64

67

54

54

51

48

44

130

105

94

on

61

48

54

51

Nov.

44

46

61

73

64

76

113

130

87

7ft

67

90

64

75

166

87

82

98

142

153

90

90

73

56

56

61

46

58

56

Dec.

? ?

130

CO

76

44

66

70

87

66

CO

40

Q4

28

f)A

26

28

28

00

36

40

Afi

60

en

40

36

9ft

28

An

Jan.

90

260

70

36

qo

32

32

00

on

on

32

Oft

OQ

24

99

28

Kft

60

40

46

40

36

24

20

Feb.

30

38

30

8

15

20

13

11

10

11

18

19

22

26

22

24

20

24

20

24

20

15

15

on

60

55

Mar.

50

38

48

110

85

50

50

36

40

36

40

65

36

40

120

230

260

70

60

75

90

440

480

200

200

IQft

1 W»

130

110

110

Apr.

110

130

400

480

700

1,300

1,060

1,140

830

485

586

700

417

353

333

130

120

1,630

2,210

1,630

763

510

439

417

670

1,740

900

May

534

395

395

395

534

395

333

353

732

700

oco

240

258

294

224

8.65

1.520

641

534

374

395

374

313

240

208

208

142

100

101

June

100

67

67

100

208

1,230

1,020

1,140

975

763

353

313

240

179

100

109

120

94

83

58

61

67

111

130

92

130

120

240

258

July

142

100

87

94

87

80

90

80

56

66

66

48

42

41

44

52

70

58

44

42

38

38

38

35

45

42

42

45

38

37

38

Aug.

36

37

38

35

31

28

29

34

40

29

28

29

30

35

31

31

29

29

30

28

35

57

56

46

33

30

34

47

90

60

48

Sept.

37

34

36

34

35

31

31

40

208

130-

10ft

76

57

52

47

44

45

42

36

38

179

130

94

7&

76

61

46

46

48

38

NOTE. Discharge interpolated Jan. 29 and Feb. 14; n -> gage-height record. Discharge Dec. 11 to April 

6 determined from gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of three discharge measurements; study 

of observer's notes, gage-height graph, and weather records; and comparison with records of Ausablft 

River at Ausable Forks, N. Y.
STEEAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWBENCE BIVEB 127

Monthly discharge of West Branch of Ausable River near Newman, N. Y., for the 

year ending September SO, 1928

[Drainage area, 116 square miles]

Month

October ____________________

November ___ ________ . _____

February ____________________

March _____________________

April _______________________

May _______________________

June _____________________

July........................................

August _____________________

September __________________

The year ________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

130 

166 

130 

260 

60 

480 

2,210 

1,520 

1,230 

142 

90 

208

2,210

Minimum

33 

44 

24 

20 

8 

24 

110 

100 

58 

35 

28 

31

8

Mean

61.0 

81.4 

51.4 

50.7 

22.9 

120 

693 

403 

299 

58.9 

37.8 

64.8

162

Per square 

mile

0.526 

.702 

.443 

.437 

.197 

1.03 

5.97 

3.47 

2.58 

.508 

.326 

.559

1.40

Run-off 

in inches

0.61 

.78 

.51 

.50 

.21 

1.19 

6.66 

4.00 

2.88 

.59 

.38 

.62

18.93

AUSABLE RIVER AT AUSABLE FORKS, N. 7.

LOCATION. In Ausable Forks, Clinton County, immediately below junction of 

East and West branches and 15 miles above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE AREA. 444 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 17, 1910, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Chain on left bank 1,000 feet below junction of East and West branches; 

read by A. S. Baker.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable 1^ miles below gage or by 

wading either near cable or a short distance above gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Stone and gravel; occasionally shifting. Channel divided by an island opposite the gage.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.60 feet at 

8 a. m. April 29 (discharge, 6,490 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 

3.12 feet at 5 p. m. July 27 and August 12 (discharge, 24 second-feet).

1910-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 10.2 feet in the evening of March 

27, 1913 (discharge, roughly 25,000 second-feet); minimum stage, 3 feet at 

7 a. m. July 21, 1912 (discharge, practically zero).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent after October 19 

except as affected by ice from December tb March. Rating curve fairly 

well defined between 175 and 3,000 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths 

twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage 

height to rating table; shifting-control method used October 1-19. Records 

only fair as mean daily gage height, determined from two gage readings, is 

subject to error owing to fluctuations in stage caused by operation of power 

plants upstream.

Discharge measurements of Ausable River at Ausable Forks, N. Y., during the year

ending September SO, 192S

f Date

Oct. 20

21

Nov. 18

Jan. 3

Made by 

A. W. Harrlngton.. .

__ do _______

.....do........ __ ....

Gage 

height

Feel 

3.64

3.53

3.68

 3.82

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

247

193

302

333

Date

Jan. 24

May 1

26

July 17

Made by 

E. B. Shupe ...........

height

Feet 

 3.59

4.76

4.08

3.56

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

192;

1,810>

670

207

Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
128 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Ausable River at Ausable Forks, N. Y., for the 

year ending September 80, 1923

Day

I.. __ ..

2 ________

3 _______ ..

4 _ .. _____ .

5 ....

6 ____ ... __

7 ___ .. ___

8- __ - ___

9-. --

10.. .... ...

11... _ 

12 ___ .. _ .

1 O

14 .. _ 

15 _ .. ______

16 

17 ___ .... __

18 ___ .. ______

19 .. -

20 __ ... ______

21 . ..

22 ..............

23. - 

24 ________ .

25 _______ ...

26 _ . _____ ..

27. _______ .

28 ________ .

29 __ ..

30 

31 _______ ..

Oct.

88

134

150

144

143

148

158

102

372

302

316

331

281

249

248

225

224

244

251

221

227

221

234

257

319

328

287

227

189

183

177

Nov.

170

164

1QQ

170

177

ocfl

264

336

294

979

257

9-19

280

302

371

407

426

371

272

257

214

221

242

242

250

9-19

Dec.

917

257

250

354

949

OS

1 ttt

148

153

150

180

170

150

160

150

150 1<-1

i *\fi

140

l^fl

110

120

120

150

150

140

130

160

Jan.

 ten

340

9_tn

200

150

150

150

150

150

160

Ttfl

150

150

150

140

150

140

180

200

200

160

180

170

160

190

300

180

200

Feb.

170

160

ion

1 Hfi

1 Rfi

140

160

130

120

130

130

120

140 -ion

i *fl

140

130

130

150

160

160

130

150

Mar.

130

120

110

240

Knfl

480

220

260

260

180

110

140

170

190

OKf)

CKfl

480

480

260

Qfifl

1,300

1,500

797

622

407

336

484

Apr.

264

OQQ

864

9 fi^fi

5,030

O AAf\

9 Q^fi

1,620

1,260

1 Qdfl

1,070

QQQ

800

1,070

con

588

fi7Q

4,750

4,750

4, 480

2,160

1,440

1,070

1 13fl

1,530

5,030

q Q9fi

May

1,530

1,160

1,060

1,070

1 260

1 93fl

Q7fl

9 97fi

2,720

1,260

1 f\A{\

QR-t

QK-t

764

1 £3fl

4 750

2 270

1 440

i non

1,070

1,130

903

679

727

fiQl

567

Kft^

-l-tfi

379

407

June

Q71

362

280

7*1

2

ftCrt

9 .ton

3,190

3 OOH

2,050

1,350

QQA

800

588

526

071

^7Q

302

264

0 Eft

OftQ

1QQ

9-19

319

979

227

302

588

July

362

280

1QQ

997

O/19

997

208

177

177

170

142

107

126

IflR

Qfi

148

170

i ^

' 106

102

102

94

70

58

1V7

110

110

1fl9

Aug.

102

102

Q_t

Q9

110

102

QR

46

55

9ft

90

Q-l

115

Qn

115

_1Q

on

7R

102

in9

126

153

153

153

132

1-1R

Sept.

149

TOO

102

64

70

7A9

257

IQft

164

iqo

Ql

121

QA

04.

446

567

V71

257

ono

1.19

1 QO

110 107

NOTE. Discharge Dec. 12 to Mar. 24 determined from gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of 

two discharge measurements and study of gage-height graph, weather records, and observer's notes.

Monthly discharge of Ausable River at Ausable Forks, N. Y., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 444 square miles]

Month

April .. . - . - 

July ._ _____ . ., ____

August » - _..»' _ ---..,- _ -.. - - _ _.

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

372 

426 

354 

340 

170 

1,500 

5,030 

4,750 

3,320 

362 

153 

702

5,030

Minimum

88 

164 

98 

140 

46 

110 

264 

379 

189 

58 

28 

46

28

Mean

225 

268 

169 

175 

137 

445 

2,000 

1,230 

833 

154 

99.4 

193

493

Per square 

mile

0.507 

.604 

.381 

.394 

.309 

1.00 

4.50 

2.77 

1.88 

.347 

.224 

.435

1.11

Run-off in 

inches

0.58 

.67 

.44 

.45 

.32 

1.15 

5.02 

3.19 

2.10 

.40 

.26 

.49

15.07
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER

LAKE GEORGE AT ROGERS ROCK, H. Y.

LOCATION. At boathouse in a small bay on north side of steamboat landing at 

Rogers Rock, Essex County.

RECOBDS AVAILABLE. July 10,1913, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Vertical staff gage fastened to a pile in the back end of the boathouse. 

Datum 3.15 feet below crest of dam at outlet of lake. During the winter a 

temporory vertical staff gage located at Hoopers dock is used. Gage read 

once daily to hundredths by an employee of the International Paper Co. A 

study of gage heights at Rogers Rock and Glen Island stations indicates 

that the datum of the Rogers Rock gage is about 4.9 feet above that of the 

gage at Glen Island.

EXTREMES OF STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 4.20 feet May 17 

and 22; minimum stage recorded, 1.06 feet December 29.

1913-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 5.07 feet April 18, 1922; minimum 

stage recorded, that of December 29,1922.

REGULATION. The elevation of lake surface is regulated by the operation of 

gates and wheels at the dam at the outlet of the lake at Ticonderoga.

COOPEBATION. Gage-height record furnished by Mr. C. S. Colson, hydraulic 

engineer, International Paper Co.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Lake George at Rogers Rock, N. Y., for the year ending

September 80, 1928

Day

1

2 __ . _____

3 ____ . ......

4.. _______

5. _ - ......

6 _____ ....

7 ____ . .....

8 __ . .....

9 _ _ ....

10. . _ . .....

11 _ .. . ..__..

12. . __ ..

13 __ . ____ ..

14 _______ ..

15. . _____ .

16.......... ....

17. ...... ....

18 ..............

19 _____ . ....

20 ____ .......

21....... __ ..

22. __ . __ ...

23._... __ ..

24. ______ ..

25 . _ ....

26 _____ .....

27 __ ...... ....

28 ____ .. ....

29.. _ - ........

30 .......... 

31 ____ . .....

Oct.

2.48

2.46

2.42

2.38

2.32

2.40

2.36

2.34

2.32

2.38

2.44

2.40

2.38

2.38

2.30

9 <U

2.38

2.20

2.18

2.12

2.12

2.10

2.20

2.08

2.04

2.00

1.98

1.94

1.92

1.88 

1 90

Nov.

1.88

1.84

1.80

1.78

1.74

1.72

1.76

1 78

1.76

1.74

1.72

1.70

1.74

1.72

1.70

1.68

1.64

1.60

1.60

1.58

1.56

1.54

1.54

1.52

1.50

1.52

1.50

1.48

Dec.

1.46

1.46

1.44

1.40

1.38

1.36

1.36

1.34

1.28

1.26

1.26

1.28

1.24

1.26

1.26

1.28

1.27

1 98

1.26

1.24

1.22

1.24

1.24

1.22

1.16

1.10

1.06

1.18 

1.28

Jan.

1.42

1.44

1.46

1 48

1.52

1.60

1.54

1.50

1.54

1.52

1.54

1.56

1.58

1.60

1.62

1.64

1.64

1.66

1.68

1.70

1.68

1.66

1.64

1.62

1.60

1.64

1.62

1.60

1.60

1.58

Feb.

1.60

i f;s

1.60

1.62

1.64

1.62

1.60

1.J62

1.60

1.62

1.62

1.64

1 fi4

1.62

1.64

1.64

1 fi9

1 fi9

1.60

1.60

1.58

1.60

1.60

1.58

1.56

.......

Mar.

1.56

1 MS

1 f;s

1 60

1.62

1 64

1.68

1.68

1.66

1.68

1.66

1.66

1.68

1.70

1 78

1 8fl

1 oo

1.84

1 89

1 84

1.88

1 90

9 rtrt

2.08

2.10

2.04

2.01

2.02

9 (U

Apr.

9 ftft

2.08

2 no

2 1C

9 fi4

2.80

2.90

q 1ft

3.20

3.28

S

on

S

on

3.34

3.36

3 40

S 49

3 46

3.46

3.48

q tft

3.55

3.52

3.50

3.55

3.58

3.60

3.80

4.00

May

4 An

3.98

3.92

3.88

3.98

3

Qn

4.00

3.98

q ne

A ftC

4.02

4 00

4 no

4 05

4.02

4 10

4.20

4.18

4.12

4.12

4.15

4.20

4 19

4.15

4.15

4 10

4.10

4.00

3.98

3.95 3 90

June

3 08

3.98

3.95

3.98

q QK

3.80

3.85

3.92

4 An

^ QP.

3.95

q no

3 0ft

3.85

3.78

3.80

3.80

S 7P.

3.75

q 7ft

q 79

3.70

q 79

q 7ft

3.68

3.68

3.70

3.70

3.68

3.65

July

q co

S fift

3

K9

q ee

3.55

S

AG

S

Af\

3.45

3.45

q 40

3 4ft

3.42

q At{

3.42

3 40

3 42

q Afi

q KA

3.52

q en

3

AQ

3.38

q A{\

3.40

3.38

3.38

3.35 ^ ^n

a 28

3.30

q 9C

Aug.

3

9K

3.28

3.25

3.22

3.20

.3.15

3.10

3.18

3.15

3.18

3.10

3.08

2.98

3.02

3.00

2.98

2.95

2.92

2.90

2.85

2.80

2.82

2.80

2.78

2.76

2.78

2.78

2.76

o "71

Sept.

9 79

9 7ft

2

ijf\

2.68

2.68

2.66

2.64

2.66

2.64

2.62

2.60

2.58

2.54

2.54

2.52

2.50

2.48

2.48

2.48

2.50

2.52

2.52

2.50

2.52

2.50

2.46

2.44

2.40
130 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

IAKE GEORGE AT GLEN ISLAND, NEAR BOLTON LANDING, N. T.

LOCATION. 100 feet east of dock on northeast side of Glen Island, 2 miles northeast of Bolton Landing; reached by boat from Bolton Landing.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 4, 1919, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Slope gage, anchored to solid rock ledge, graduated to half-tenths from 

6 to 10.4 feet, installed November 21, 1922; previous to this, a vertical castiron staff gage, reading from 6 to 10 feet, fastened to a 2 by 8 inch oak plank, 

spiked to the dock 100 feet west, was used. During winter a temporary 

vertical staff gage, attached to dock at Bolton Landing, has been used. Gage 

read twice daily to quarter-tenths by Jay Taylor, ranger. A comparative 

study of gage heights at the Glen Island and Rogers Rock stations indicates 

that the datum of the Glen Island gage is about 4.9 feet below that of the 

gage at Rogers Rock.

EXTREMES OF STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 9.1 feet May 21- 

24; minimum stage recorded, 6 feet December 24-27.

1919-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 9.9 feet April 15-18, 1922; minimum 

stage recorded, that of December 24-27, 1922.

REGULATION. The elevation of lake surface is regulated by the operation of 

gates and wheels at the dam at the outlet of the lake at Ticonderoga.

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by State of New York Conservation Commission.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Lake George at Glen Island, near Bolton Landing, N. Y., 

for the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 _ . __

2 ____ .......

3 ..........

4..........

5 ........

6- ......

7. ......

8- .....

9.. ....

10- __ .

11 _ ...

12... 

13. _ ....

14 __ ..

15 __ ..

16.......

17.......

18 _ ...

19 .......

20 ..........

21 

22 _ .......

23 _ ..... __ .

24........ ...... 

25, ___ . ....

26 .......... 

27 

28 

29 

30 ........ 

31 .. ......

Oct.

7.4

7.4

7.4

7 1%

7 1^

7 3

7 ^

7.3

7.25

7.25

7 9

7 9

7 2

7.1

7.1

7.05

7.0

7.0

6.95

6.95

6.95

6.95 

7.0 

6.95

6.9 

6.9

6.85 

6.8 

6.75 

6.75

Nov.

6.75

6.75

6.75

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.65

6.65

6.65

6.65

6.65

6.65

6.6

6.55 

6.55 

6.5

6.5 

6.45

6.45 

6.45 

6.4

Dec.

6.35

6.35

fi QK

fi OK

6.25

6.25

6.25

6.25

6.2

6.2

6.2

6.2

6.2

6.1

6.05

6.05 

6.0 

6.0

6.0 

6.0

6.25 

6.25 

6.25 

6.25

Jan.

6 or.

6.4

6.4

6 45

6 45

6.5

6.6

6.6

6.6

6.6

6.6

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.55 

6.55 

6.6

6.6 

6,6

6.6 

6.6 

6.6 

6.6

Feb.

6.6

6.6

6.65

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7 

6.7 

6.65

6.65 

6.6

6.55

Mar.

6.55

6.6

6.6

6.6

6.6

6.6

6.65

6.65

6.65

6.65

6.7

6.75

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.85

6.85

6.9

6.95 

7.0 

7.0

7.0 

7.05

7.05 

7.05 

7.1 

7.1

Apr.

7.1

7 i c

7 3

V Q 1^

7.4

7.45

7 f\f\

7.65

7.75

7.85

8.05

8 A

Q A

8.45

8.5

8.5

8.5

8.45

8.45

8.45

8.45 

8.45 

8.5

8.55 

8.6

8.75 

8.8 

8.85

May

8.9

8 Q

8.9

8 Q

G 0

8.9

8.9

8.9

8.95

8.95

9.0

9.0

8.9

8.9

9.0

9.0

9.0

9.05

9.05

9.1

9.1

9.1 

9.1 

9.05

9.0 

8.95

8.95 

8.95 

8.95 

8.9

June

8.9

8 OK

8.8

8.8

8.85

8.85

8.85

8.8

8

Q

8.75

8.75

8.75

8.75

8.7

8.7

8.65

8.65 

8.65 

8.65

8.65 

8.6

8.6 

8.6 

8.55

July

O KK

8

C

8

K

8.5

8.5

8.45

8

4.K

8.45

8.45

8.4

8.4

8.4

8.35

8.35

8.35

8.35

8.35

8.35

8.35

8.35

8.35 

8.35 

8.35

8.3 

8.3

8.25 

8.25 

8.25 

8.25

Aug.

O OK

8 OK

8 OK

R OK

8

O

8 1 *

8

1

8.1

8.1

8.05

8.0

8

n

8.0

7.9

7.9

7.9

7.85

7.8

7.75

7.75 

7.75 

7.7

7.65 

7.6

7.75 

7.75 

7.7 

7.7

Sept.

7.65

7.65

7.65

7.6

7.6

7.55

7.6

7.6

7.6

7.55

7.55

7.5

7.5

7.4

7.4

7.4

7.35

7.45

7.45

7.45

NOTE. Mean daily gage heights Apr. 28 and Aug. 2-4 astimated by hydrograph comparison with record of Lake George at Rogers Rock; gage-height record either faulty or missing. No gage-height record 

Sept. 23-30. Readings from Oct. 22 to Apr. 27 made on temporary staff gage at Bolton Landing reduced 

to datum of Glen Island gage.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 131

WINOOSKI RIVER AT MONTPEIHR, VT.

LOCATION. 1 mile downstream from Central Vermont Railway station in Montpelier, Washington County, three-eighths mile above mouth of Dog River, 

and \]/i miles below mouth of North Branch.

DRAINAGE AREA. 420 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 19, 1909, to September 30, 1923, when station was 

discontinued.

GAGE. Water-stage recorder on right bank, installed July 4, 1914; gage height 

referred to datum by means of a hook gage inside well; outside staff gage 

is used for auxiliary readings. Recorder inspected by L. D. Smith.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel deep and fairly uniform in section at the 

gage. Control is formed by sharply defined rock outcrop 500 feet below 

gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum open-water stage during year from waterstage recorder, 11.43 feet at 11 a. m. April 30 (discharge, by extension of 

rating curve, 9,100 second-feet); minimum stage during year from waterstage recorder, 2.82 feet at 7 a. m. June 27 (discharge, from extension of 

rating curve, 53 second-feet).

1909-1923: Maximum stage determined by leveling from floodmarks preserved on building near present gage, 17.31 feet, April 7, 1912 (discharge, estimated 20,200 second-feet); minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 2.58 

feet, September 30,1921 (discharge, from extension of rating curve, 6 secondfeet).

ICE Stage-discharge relation affected by ice during winter. Daily discharge 

ascertained by means of gage heights, current-meter measurements, observer's notes, and climatic records.

REGULATION. Operation of power plants on main stream and tributaries above 

station causes diurnal fluctuation in stage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed March 20, probably due to use of 

dynamite in breaking up ice on control. Rating curve used prior to March 

20 well defined between 30 and 7,500 second-feet; curve used after that date 

fairly well defined between 200 and 2,500 second-feet. Operation of waterstage recorder satisfactory except for periods indicated in footnote to dailydischarge table. Daily discharge December 19 to April 5 determined by 

applying to rating table mean daily gage height corrected for effect of ice; 

daily discharge during remainder of year ascertained by use of discharge 

integrator. Records good.

Discharge measurements of Winooski River at Montpelier, Vt., during the year ending September 80, 1923

Date

Feb. 5

Apr. 24

June 20

Made by 

H.P. Hill, jr. ______

W.E. Armstrong ____

Gage 

height

Feet

 4.85

5.96

3.70

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

319

1,910

261

Date

22

Made by 

__ .do . _________

Gage 

height

Feet 

3.80

3.98

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

334

380

1 Stage-discharge relation aflected by ice.
132 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PAET IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Winooski River at Montpelier, Vt., for the year

ending September 80, 1923

Day

1 ____ . .....

2 _________

3 ..............

4 .. ___ . .....

5 _________

6 _____ . ..__.

7 _____ ... ...

8 _________

9 _ . __ . .....

10. ____ . ....

11 ...... .....

12.,. ___________

13..............

14 _____ . .._._

15 _____ . ___

16..............

17 _____ . _____

18 _____ . _____

19 _____ . _____

20 _____ . __ .

21 ____ . __._._

22... ___ . _____

23 ______________

24..... _ ......

25 _________

26... _______

27 _____ ... _

28 _________

29 _____ . _____

30 _________

31 _________

Oct.

72

110

108

106

110

110

112

114

290

320

345

245

186

150

100

156

150

154

150

142

130

104

148

425

285

235

210

178

148

162

152

Nov.

142

140

134

124

138

154

340

320

200

170

182

162

172

260

225

188

198

280

450

315

235

205

176

164

205

180

205

150

Dec.

220

360

200

235

255

188

188

205

205

200

190

205

198

210

170

205

230

230

200

190

155

155

170

165

165

175

195

260

Jan.

600

1,050

880

740

620

CAA

420

440

420

380

370

350

360

310

260

260

260

320

330

270

300

260

240

220

240

240

250

Feb.

240

210

240

240

220

220

230

230

230

230

220

260

220

220

210

200

200

220

220

210

Mar.

O-IA

200

195

220

9-tft

nqn

210

190

170

180

190

180

380

400

380

295

295

1,050

2,400

1,700

1,200

960

760

620

560

500

Apr

440

390

370

1,720

A OKft

7,430

4,420

3,680

2,360

3,060

2,280

1,670

1,440

1,290

1,180

1,120

1,080

1,250

3,140

3,230

2,810

1,790

1,340

1,340

1,100

1,230

5,130

6,230

May

q ol fl

1,890

1,460

1,240

960

770

840

1,200

1,010

845

960 74<;

700

1,160

1,670

920

800

675

780

1,130

795

610

560

500

440

430

380

340

335

June

278

248

274

494

1,060

720

1,040

1,450

1,120

675

488

400

340

304

278

260

288

242

220

205

210

185

115

180

190

160

160

160

190

July

150

210

150

110

190

185

145

110

170

140

135

120

110

100

200

440

274

210

185

140

130

100

160

130

120

160

160

140

215

242

180

Aug.

150

140

130

120

80

115

120

125

100

110

85

304

242

205

170

150

110

90

130

125

120

115

115

115

85

135

130

110

140

125

Sept.

105-

65

85

130

on

185-

105

100

120

110

110

110

105

110

110

120

140

120

145

215

290

215

190

145

120

125

185

270

100

NOTE. Operation of water-stage recorder unsatisfactory Nov. 27-29, Dec. 30 to Jan. 2, July 18, and 

Sept. 6-30; discharge during these periods estimated from observer's readings and by comparison with 

records of flow of tributary streams.

Monthly discharge of Winooski River at Montpelier, Vt., for the year ending September 80, 1923

[Drainage area, 420 square miles]

Month

July.... -.._-..-- . . -.. 

September __ . __ .. . .... _ __ .

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

425 

450 

360 

1,050 

260 

2,400 

7,430 

3,210 

1,450 

440 

304 

290

7,430

Minimum

72 

124 

155 

220 

200 

170 

370 

335 

115 

100 

80 

65

65

Mean

174 

203 

204 

396 

224 

488 

2,460 

942 

408 

168 

133 

141

494

Per square 

mile

0.414 

.483 

.486 

.943 

.533 

1.16 

5.86 

2.24 

.971 

.400 

.317 

.336

1.18

Run-off in 

inches

0.48 

.54 

.56 

1.09 

.56 

1.34 

6.54 

2.58 

1.08 

.46 

.36 

.37

15.96
STEEAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 133

MOLLYS BROOK NEAR MARSHFIELD, VT.

LOCATION. At head of Mollys Falls, one-fourth mile above confluence with Winooski River, and 1 mile from Marshfield, Washington County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 24 square miles (from surveys by engineers of Montpelier 

& Barre Light & Power Co.).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 11, 1920, to September 30,1923, when station was 

discontinued.

GAGE. Inclined staff on right bank; vertical high-water section on left bank; 

read by Carroll George. * .

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS, Made from cable or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed covered with gravel and alluvial deposits. Control is well defined at head of Mollys Falls; probably permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.3 feet at 4.30 

p. m. April 30 (discharge, by extension of rating curve, 495 second-feet); 

minimum stage, 1.30 feet at 5.30 p. m. August 18 (discharge, 4.5 secondfeet).

1920-1923: Maximum discharge recorded, 680 second-feet April 12, 1922; 

minimum discharge, 2.2 second-feet September 15, 1921 (by extension of 

rating curve).

ICE. Ice forms at the gage and on rocks at the control; stage-discharge relation 

somewhat affected.

REGULATION. Storage in Peacham Pond has some effect on the distribution of 

flow.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed about October 1, 1922, owing to 

reconstruction of bridge at control. Rating curve well defined between 5 

and 200 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. DaiJy discharge ascertained by applying'to rating table mean daily gage height corrected for effect of ice during winter. Records good.

Discharge measurements of Mollys Brook near Marshfield, Vt., during the year ending September SO, 1923

Date

Feb. 5

Apr. 25

May 2

Made by 

H. F. Hill, jr..........

 .do 

Gage 

height

feet 

1.68

3.91

3.87

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

15.2

97

164

158

Date

May 2

21

Made by 

H. F. Hill, jr. 

W. E. Armstrong __ ..

.....do._ __ .. __ 

Gage 

height

Feet 

3.82

3.80

1.80

1.78

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

154

150

18.3

17.1

72038 26f WSP 564
134 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mollys Brook near Marshfield, Vt., for the year

ending September 80, 1923

Day

1 __ . _ .....

2. ___ ........

3 ___ .. _ . _

4.. _ ... ...

5.. - __ -

6.... -_......

7- ... ...

8 _______ .

9 ... __ .

10 ________ -

11 _____ ....

12- _____ ....

13- _ . ___ ..

14.. _______

15.. __ . .......

16- _ .. .......

17- ____ . ...

18- ......

19- __ . .......

20...... ____ .

21- _______

22- . .....

23- __ . . ...

24-.. ..........

25.. _____ ....

26- ............

27- __ . .......

28- .

29 

30-. ......

31.. _______

Oct.

13

12

11

10

13

14

13

27

27

38

33

20

17

15

13

13

16

15

15

15

14

13

15

33

19

21

18

17

14

14

13

Nov.

13

13

12

12

12

13

33

19

17

15

14

10

21

20

15

16

19

23

31

20

15

16

18

15

14

13

13

Dec.

20

OK

17

18

15

19

1 Q

15

to

14

14 to

12

11

10

13

13

11

12

12

1Q

13

19

12

11

Jan.

01

an

KA

,10

or

9O

27

24

20

19

16

15

14

16

15

14

14

16

18

19

20

21

18

16

15

14

14

14

16

Feb.

16

16

16

15

15

15

14

15

14

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

14

14

16

18

17

17

19

Mar.

18

19

17

16

15

IB

19

12

13

13

13

10

10

11

21

29

25

19

15

13

15

27

60

51

45

33

27

24

23

20

Apr.

19

18

22

66

, 96

300

233

209

153

153

174

133

96

80

66

60

54

51

70

221

300

272

133

105

80

80

88

360

495

May

233

153

123

100

88

76

88

76

73

96

76

73

73

eo

57

73

73

54

48

43

57

66

45

38

38

33

33

29

29

27

25

Jnne

25

23

23

23

35

57

48

66

45

35

29

27

25

24

21

23

21

19

18

17

17

15

15

15

13

15

16

15

July

13

12

13

17

24

18

15

14

13

12

12

12

19

25

35

29

19

12

12

12

19

13

12

12

17

18

14

14

18

15

13

Aug.

12

11

12

12

9.6

23

27

25

20

18

17

16

54

31

16

10

7.7

4.9

7.0

8.5

6.7

13

17

15

14

13

16

15

19

15

14

Sept.

12

12

11

11

10

9.3

9.0

8.8

23

13

11

9.6

10

8.5

7.0

7.0

6.7

6.5

6.7

6.5

45

17

10

12

12

10

9.6

12

14

12

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Jan. 7-30 and Feb. 18 to Mar. 23; discharge based on 

gage heights corrected for effect of ice.

Monthly discharge of Mollys Brook near Marshfield, Vt., for the year ending September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 24 square miles]

Month

February _____________________

March. ______________________

April __________ , ________ . .....

June. ______________________

July. .___ ......

September ___________________

The year _________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

38 

33 

25 

80 

19 

60 

495 

233 

66 

35 

54 

45

495

Minimum

10 

10 

9 

14 

13 

10 

18 

25 

13 

12 

4.9 

6.5

4.9

Mean

17.5 

16.3 

13.4 

22.7 

14.6 

21.0 

147 

69.5 

26.0 

16.2 

16.1 

11.7

32.6

Per square 

mile

0.729 

.679 

.558 

.946 

.608 

.875 

6.12 

2.90 

1.08 

.675 

.671 

.488

1.36

Run-off 

in inches

0.84 

.76 

.64 

1.09 

.63 

1.01 

6.83 

3.34 

1.20 

.78 

.77 

.54

18.43
8TEEAMS TEIBUTABY TO ST. LAWRENCE EIVEE 135

JAIL BRANCH * AT EAST BARRE, VT.

LOCATION. At ruins of old dam one-fourth mile above highway bridge in East 

Barre, Washington County, and 3 miles above confluence with Stevens Branch.

DRAINAGE ABE A. About 38 square miles, including 13 square miles tributary to 

Orange Brook reservoir (see "Diversions").

RECORDS AVAILABLE. Augustll4, 1920, to September 30, 1923, when station was 

discontinued.

GAGE. Inclined staff gage on left bank; read by George J. Dobbs.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed covered with rocks and boulders. Control formed 

by granite blocks and foundation of old dam near gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year ending September 30, 1922, 8.38 feet at 6 p. m. April 10 (discharge, by extension of rating curve, 1,350 second-feet); minimum discharge, 2.1 second-feet at 7 a. m. 

October 8. Maximum open-water stage recorded during year ending September 30,11923, 7 feet*at 7 a. m. April 5 (discharge, by extension of rating 

curve, 830 second-feet); minimum stage, 2.43 feet September 7 and 8 (discharge, by extension of rating curve, 0.6 second-foot).

1920-1923: Maximum stage recorded, that of April 10,1922; minimum 

discharge, by extension^ rating curve, 0.5 second-foot September 11, 1921.

ICE. Ice f orms|at| gage,*andj on rocks'at the control; stage-discharge relation 

somewhat affected.

DIVERSIONS. Water is diverted from about 13 square miles tributary to Orange 

Brook reservoir, and used for municipal supply of Barre. No records available as to quantity diverted or amount wasted back into Jail Branch.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed during high water of April 10,1922. 

Hating curve used previous to the change well defined between 1 and 60 

second-feet, and by measurements at 859 and 873 second-feet. Rating curve 

used subsequent to the date of change well defined between 5 and 350 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained 

by applying mean daily gage height to rating table except as shown in 

footnote to table of daily discharge. Records good.

Discharge measurements of Jail Branch at East Barre, Vt., during the year ending

September SO,

Date

Feb. 5

Apr. 25

May 1

Made by 

H.F. Hill, jr.... .......

 -do.................

. .do.................

Gage 

height

Feel

3 no

4

01

4.99

4.92

Discharge

Sec.-ft.

17 R

147

295

282

Date

May 1

21

Made by 

H.F. Hill, jr..... ......

Gage 

height

Feet

4.88

2.78

2.78

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

256

7.1

6.1

 Previously published as "Jail Brook."
136 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Jail Branch at East Barre, Vt., for the years ending September 30, 1922 and 1923

Day

1921-22

2

3

4 ........

5 ___ .. _ . ...

6 ____ .......

7 _ - _ ....

9 . ..

10 ___ - ___ .

11 _______

12 _____ .....

13 ..............

14.... ...........

15 _________

16 _____ .. ...

17. _ ..........

18.. .........

19. __ .........

20 __ ..........

22 ___ . _ .....

23 ..............

24 ___ ........

25 _ ... __ .

26 ..............

27 _____ .....

28 ___ .........

29 ___ . _ .. ...

30 _ ........

31... ...........

1922-23 

]. _ .. ........

2_... ..........

3.. ....... __ .

4........ ___ .

5-- ___ '. .....

6_. ....... .....

7.. ___ .......

8- .........

9.. _ ..... _ .

10........... ...

11.. _ .. ......

12......... __ .

13...... ........

14........ ......

15- 

16..............

17.. _ .. ___ ..

18.. ............

19.. _ .........

20.. _ .... .....

21.. ___ . .....

22.......... _ .

23.. _ .........

24.. ___ .......

25-. ........

26-. ... __ .

27.... _ . __ ..

28.. ........

29...... _ .....

30- _ ...... ...

31- .........

Oct.

8.6

4.6

3.0

4.6

4.6

3.0

3.0

4.0

8.6

7.4

12

67

33

18

9.5

5.6

5 0

5.0

4.0

16

60

14

Q f.

10

12

15

13

14

10

5.8

6.7

7 9

6.7

7.2

30

27

37

91

1 ^

11

Q 7

9.7

13

9.4

9.2

9.7

9.7

10

42

20

17

14

12

12

12

12

Nov.

13

28

20

21

13

13

12

23

14

18

20

23

20

20

26

200

430

60

K.A

K.A

106

74

74

89DI

50

10

11

11

50

84

24

22

12

14

18

17

16

18

19

18

16

17

16

18

16

14

14

15

Dec.

41

60

635

98

86

80

78

80

98

80

66

54

35

41

106

605

138

74

54

47

41

OC

29

21

19

17

1 E

OQ

29

27

21

16

18

1R

17

18

1 R

2H

OK

24

20

13

11

11

10

9 7

14

16

17

14

14

14

14

Jan.

14

13

13

15

1111

1111

12

14

13

13

11

11

1 °.

13

13

13

11

n

11

10

8

8

8

7O

84

48

43

3Q

01

28

27

9ft

31

OQ

01

01

35

3Q

98

72

39

35

21

19

18

18

Feb.

10

12

14

13

10

11

11

10

10

10

10

10

9

8

8

8

8

8

8

10

10

10

10

1 °.

10

10

18

17

10

19

21

19

1 R

1 ^

14

14

14

14

15

14

14

14

1 °.

1 ^

14

14

14

14

14

14

14

15

Mar.

Q

9

10

10

11

 47

280

590

475

237

162

127

127

237

310

225

200

98

67

63

50

60

92

no

442

dflfi

14

15

94

33

27

22

91

18

17

16

15

14

16

21

57

°*7

34

145

280

200

145

92

66

50

44

Apr.

127

123

127

175

187

225

870

635

1,140

770

980

413

298

320

277

OJO

266

217

i cn

145

121

110

Qe;

76

71

<*a

34

42

830

710

K-iA

207

277

320

189

110

108

101

145

365

365

189

153

129

121

342

710

594

May

70

73

72

95

217

246

153

153

97

73

66

59

50

47

43

38

34

69

153

78

48

41

38

33

31

25

19

18

320

OOfi

137

121

105

94

 70

110

129

129

113

92

137

121

72

53

47

72

104

58 ' 43

34

29

26

25

26

25

23

June

12

14

48

71

29

29

46

21

16

21

43

54

23

15

16

16

23

48

92

47

72

256

171

61

41

26

18

77

198

137

20

12

11

18

51

73

81

111

101

80

42

23

21

15

17

17

15

18

13

8.6

7.5

7.0

5.3

5.5

5.8

5.5

5.5

6.2

7.5

July

59

110

87

153

83

50

34

37

50

30

23

20

21

16

19

12

15

12

9.4

7.8

8.3

8.0

8.3

11

7.8

7.0

7.8

5.3

5.0

4 6

4.8

6.7

5.5

3.8

3.4

4.4

4. 0

4.4

3.4

3.0

2.6

2.5

2.0

5.3

75

24

19

9 9

9.2

5.3

3.8

5.0

10

13

14

8.3

13

5.8

33

14

Aug.

4.6

43

13

14

12

8.3

153

137

31

18

14

11

10

8.9

8.3

7.5

8.3

7.5

7.2

7.0

' 6.7

7.2

4 4

5.3

14

207

25

18

15

13

10

11

10

4.8

3.0

2.6

2.5

2.6

2.5

2.5

1.9

2.0

2.6

20

5.0

3.0

2.6

2.0

2.8

2.5

1.1

1.4

1.0

1.1

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.1

5.0

18

5.5

2.3

Sept.

9.4

7.8

6.2

4.8

4.6

8.6

8.3

7.8

5.0

4.4

4.0

12

27

12

53

84

24

18

14

11

8.9

7.5

7.2

9.7

14

12

8.0

7.2

6.2

5.8

1.6

1.1

.9

1.2

1.1

.9

.6

2.5

35

9.4

5.3

3.2

3.0

2.6

2.6

1.7

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.2

6.7

9.4

5.8

14

11

10

11

9.4

9.4

8.6

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 7-13,15, 21-31,1921, Jan. 1-3, and Feb. 2 to Mar. 

7, 1922, Jan. 2-25, Mar. 18, 24-27, and Apr. 4, 1923; discharge based on gage heights corrected for effect of 

ice. Daily discharge, Apr. 11 to Sept. 30,1922, supersedes that published in Water-Supply Paper 544.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 137

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Jail Branch at East Barre, Vt., for the years 

ending September 30, 1922 and 192S

November _____________

January _______________

April _________________

May....... . ..... _.. ..

June.. _ ..... __________

July. __________ .

September __________

The year. _______

Maximum

460

15

14

QKA

1 140

94.fi

256

1 ^3

207

84

1 140

1921-22

Minimum

Q ft

19

15

71

15

19

4.4

4.0

Q A

Mean

10 A

79 ft

OR Q

11.5

216

71.0

58.0

9Q Q

97 A

13 7

77 *

Maximum

Aty

121

9Q

200

21

280

00ft

111

75

20

35

QQA

1922-23

Minimum

10

9 7

1Q

13

14

34

00

2.0

1.0

.6

Meant

14.1

99 A.

AQ A

1 K O

970

QQ O

97 ^

10.1

4.05

t> 7R

50 1

NOTE. Monthly discharge April to September, 1922, and yearly discharge, 1922, supersedes that pub- ished in Water-Supply Paper 544.

LAMOILLE RIVER AT CADYS FALLS, VT.

LOCATION. One-fourth mile below power plant of Morrisville Electric Light & 

Power Co., at what was formerly known as Cadys Falls, 2 miles downstream 

from village of Morrisville, Lamoille County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 280 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 4, 1913, to September 30, 1923, when station 

was discontinued.

GAGE. Friez water-stage recorder in gage house on right bank, one-fourth mile 

below highway bridge at Cadys Falls. Gage heights are referred to gage 

datum by means of a hook gage inside the well; an outside staff gage is used 

for auxiliary readings. Recorder inspected by N. E. Cobleigh.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable or by wading.

CHANNEL, AND CONTROL. Channel smooth gravel; well-defined gravel control 

500 feet downstream from gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year from waterstage recorder, 9.46 feet at 2 p. m. April 30 (discharge, 5,820 second-feet); 

discharge practically nil at various times in October (water held back by 

dam).

1913-1923: Maximum stage recorded, 11.63 feet October 1, 1920 (discharge, from extension of rating curve, 8,730 second-feet); discharge practically nil at various times when water was held back by dam.

ICE. River freezes over at gage during extremely cold weather, but control 

usually remains partly open.

REGULATION. Dams at Cadys Falls and Morrisville have some effect on the 

distribution of flow. There are several lakes and ponds in the basin, but 

these have little if any regulation for storage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent, except when affected 

by ice. Rating curve well defined. Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory except for short periods mentioned in footnote to daily discharge 

table. Daily discharge for open-water period ascertained by discharge integrator. Open-water records excellent; winter records fair.
138 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Discharge measurements of Lamoille River at Cadys Falls, Vt., during the year ending September 30, 1923

[Made by H. F. Hill, jr.]

Date

Feb. 6............. _ ... __ ... __ _ .. ...... ... __ ....... ____

Gage 

height

Feet 

"2.72

7.09

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

187

3,290

o Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Lamoille River at Cadys Falls, Vt., for the year

ending September 30, 1923

Day

1 ___ .... _ .

2

3-.. - ....

4 _ . ........

5- ............

6.. _______ -

7... ______ -

8..- ....

g

10-- 

11 ......

12.. _______ -

13

14 - 

15.. 

16 ..............

17 _______ -

18..._ ......

19 ________

20- _ 

21 ... .

32.. - 

33. _______

34. ________

:25. _______ .

26..._ .

37 .. -

38 __ ... ___ -

 90

30 ________

31 __ ; __ ____

Oct.

64

114

102

100

98

90

164

48

190

210

198

196

194

162

52

116

136

152

128

100 

84

15

80

150

200

188

180

188

100

182

01ft

Nov.

190

160

134

140

50

132

134

136

126

136

100

120

156

156

180

230

200

194

150

245 

345

290

230

215

215

80

170

194

184

100

Dec.

156

290

150

210

196

220

186

186

186

90

180

170

170

162

130

50

116

140

150 

106

106

104

17

24

85

98

106

180

174 

53

Jan.

230

1,000

630

470

290

250

240

230

230

210

220

210

70

172

172

166

160

141

141 

138

191

231

153

141

141

147

109

185

Feb.

182

166

85

30

105

96

125

145

66

180

180

160

150

96

62

98

120 

125

120

115

125

86

120

135

125

. -

Mar.

130

110

64

10

44

52

60

220

200

150

96

110

115

130

140

125

94

115

320

320 

360

350

330

1,340

1,240

810

610

495

405

395 

226

Apr.

320

310

265

870

1,740

4,000

3,200

2,950

2,600

1,840

1,840

2,200

1,660

1,260

1,060

920

820

740

650

770 

2,750

3,600

3,700

1,740

1,160

920

950

1,040

4,100

4,650

May

2,500

1,600

1,100

870

690

475

460

430

540

' 640

365

270

485

400

570

1,500

830

560

395 

460

600

420

340

340

290

195

225

230

165

June

195

195

90

130

530

980

750

870

1,960

1,000

570

360

290

250

230

195

180

200

195

175 

170

175

150

120

170

190

225

205

240

195

July

150

170

190

90

135

170

190

110

130

120

125

120

110

125

45

100

115

115

115

105 

115

110

125

170

145

115

155

165

70

85 

130

Aug.

120

120

115

90

65

180

140

120

120

115

110

40

75

155

90

80

100

125

95

160 

125

90

110

110

125

90

115

125

110

140 

115

Sept.

100

65

110

100

110

95

95

130

70

125

120

145

155

95

200

13 £

100

120 

275

340

180

180

120

150

200

190

190

140

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Jan. 4 to Mar. 23; discharge for this period based on 

gage heights corrected for effect of ice.
STKEAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 139

Monthly discharge of Lamoille River at Cadys Falls, Vt.,for the year ending Sep*

tember SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 280 square miles]

Month

December... __ .. ______________

January. _._.._ _________ ....

March __ ... ______ . _______

April........ .............. __ ..............

July..... ._- ._ 

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

210 

345 

290 

1,000 

182 

1,340 

4,650 

2, 500 

1,960 

190 

180 

340

4,650

Minimum

15 

50 

17 

70 

30 

10 

265 

165 

90 

45 

40 

65

10

Mean

135 

170 

140 

238 

118 

296 

1,820 

603 

373 

126 

112 

144

355

Per square 

mile

0.482 

.607 

.500 

.850 

.421 

1.06 

6.50 

2.15 

1.33 

.450 

.400 

.514

1.27

Run-off 

in inches

0.56 

.68 

.58 

.98 

-.44 

1.22 

7.25 

2.48 

1.48 

.52 

.46 

.57

17.22

NOTE. See paragraph on " Regulation."

GREEN RIVER AT GARFIELD, VT.

LOCATION. At site of old dam above highway bridge at Garfield village, town 

of Hyde Park> Lamoille County. Green River is tributary to Lamoille 

River 4 miles east of M orrisville.

DRAINAGE AREA. About 20 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 23, 1915, to March 16, 1921, and December 3, 

1922, to September 30, 1923.

GAGE. Inclined staff on left bank in pool back of weir; read by P. M. 

Trescott.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made at footbridge half a mile downstream from 

weir or at old bridge half a mile above weir.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Sharp-crested compound weir, installed December, 

1922; length of crest at gage height 0.00 is 9.0 feet; at gage height 0.83 

foot length of crest is increased 11.17 feet. A pool of considerable size is 

formed by the old mill dam on which the weir is built; at ordinary stages 

the velocity of approach to the weir is very small.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during the period December 3, 1922, to September 30, 1923, 4.07 feet at 9 a. m. April 22 (discharge, 

by extension of rating curve, 586 second-feet); minimum stage recorded 

during period, 0.11 foot at 5 p. m. August 11 and 5 p. m. August 12 (discharge, 2.2 second-feet).

1915-1921; 1922-1923: Maximum discharge (determined from high-water 

marks and extension of rating curve), 710 second-feet on April 12, 1919; 

minimum discharge recorded, 2.2 second-feet August 11 and 12, 1923.

ICE. Weir kept clear of ice during winter; stage-discharge relation not affected 

by ice.

REGULATION. An old timber dam 2 miles upstream affects flow to some extent. 

Leakage through dam exceeds low-water flow. During prolonged low stages 

the surface of water in pond (103 acres) falls below crest of dam; subsequent increased flow into pond is retained until water again flows over crest, 

when the increased flow is apparent at gaging station.
140 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent since weir was rebuilt, in 

December, 1922. Rating curve based on weir formula, Q = 3.33 LH 1 -6 

with corrections determined from current-meter measurements and with 

logarithmic extension above gage height 1.5 feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily 

gage height to rating table. Records below 130 second-feet good; a 

higher stages weir is flooded and records are somewhat uncertain.

Discharge measurements of Green River at Garfield, Vt., during the year ending1

September 30, 1923

[Made by H. F. Hill, jr.]

Date

4 «. .... .. ...........

Gage 

height

Feet

1.26

1.26

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

444

52

60

Date

4 » 

Gage 

height

Feet 

1.24

1.23

Discharge

Sec-ft. 

51

60

 Made at footbridge half a mile below gage. 

»Made at old bridge half a mile above gage.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Green River at Garfield, Vt., for the year

September 30, 1923

Day

1.. ___ . ....

2 ..............

3.. _ . _ . _ .

4

5.. ______ .

6 ___ . ........

7- _ ... ...

8- 

9.. . .....

10.. 

11... 

12 ..............

13.. __ .... _ .

14... 

15- 

16.. _______ .

17.. ___ - ....

18- ___ ... _

19... __ .......

20- _____ ....

21- __ .'... _ .

22- _ . ........

23 

24.. ___ . .....

25 ___ . ........

26 ___ ... . .....

27 ___ .........

28. __ ..... _ .

29. ___ .... ....

30.. 

31 ___ . ____ .

Oct. Nov. Dec.

27

24

17

14

12

11

11

11

10

9.7

9.1

9.1

8.8

8.5

8.5

8.2

8.2

7.9

7.9

7.9

7.9

7.6

8.5

10

Q 1

8.5

8.5

8.5

8.5

Jan.

11

25

33

39

38

30

26

18

16

15

13

13

13

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

Feb.

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

9.7

9.7

9.7

9.7

9.4

9.1

9.1

9.1

9.1

8.8

8.8

8.8

8.5

8.5

8.5

8.5

Mar.

8.,5

8.5

8.5

10

11

12

10

8.8

8.8

8.5

8.8

8.8

9 A

9.4

9.4

9 7

101111

12

14

16

19

on

21

OK

28

31

33

35

Apr.

31

28

28

30

34

97

186

177

176

163

139

148

171

135

109

84

64

51

58

70

260

565

399

199

129

114

114

114

209

280

May

173

104

74

55

45

38

35

30

28

34

40

76

87

58

33

62

139

94

57

41

40

52

39

33

30

25

91

19

15

14

13

June

12

11

10

9.7

40

72 -

78

76

183

106

58

37

27

21

17

14

15

15

13

11

9.1

7.9

7.3

7

7

7

8.2

8.5

14

14

July

10

8.5

7.6

8.2

8.2

12

15

12

9.4

7.3

5.8

4.6

3.8

3.4

4.9

4.6

4.3

3.8

3.6

3.4

4.6

3

0

3.8

3.8

5.8

9.1

10

8.5

7.0

6.1

4.9

Aug.

4.3

3.8

9.1

8.5

7.0

5.5

4.9

3.4

3.2

3.0

2.4

2.2

6.1

5.5

7.3

5.5

4.3

3.8

- 3.4

3.2

3.2

5.2

4.3

3.8

4.0

3.8

3.6

4.3

4.9

4.6

4.3

Sept.

3.»

3.4

3.0

3.0

3. a

*) ft

2.6

3. a

10

12

9.1

7.»

14

11

8.8

7.3

6.1

5.5 7. a

43

70

27

18

8.5-

7 ft.

9.7

13

13
STREAMS TRIBUTABY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 141

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Green River at Gar field, Vt., for the year ending

September SO, 192S

Month

December 3-31.

January ____

February ______ March ____

Maximum

27

39

10

35

565

Minimum

7.6

11

8.5

8.5

28

Mean

10.6

16.1

9.5

IAK

Month

May ______

July _.._.._____

Maximum

173

183

15

9.1

70

Minimum

13

7.3

3.4

2.2

2.6

Mean

51.8

30.5

6.7

4.6

11.9

NOTE. See paragraph on " Regulation."

MISSISQUOI RIVER NEAR RICHFOED, VT.

LOCATION. 3 miles downstream from Richford, Franklin County, and mouth of 

North Branch and 2 miles above mouth of Trout River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 445 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 22, 1909, to December 3, 1910, and June 26, 1911, 

to September 30, 1923, when station was discontinued.

GAGE. Gurley water-stage recorder on left bank, one-fourth mile above highway bridge; inspected by Harry Jenne. Chain gage on highway bridge used 

from June 26, 1911, to July 31, 1915. From May 22, 1909, to December 3, 

1910, gage was just below plant of the Sweat-Comings Co. in Richford.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel deep, banks not subject to overflow; stream 

bed composed of gravel, boulders and ledge rock; control is sharply defined 

by rock outcrop 100 feet below gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage 

recorder, 14.38 feet at 8 p. m. April 7 (discharge, by extension of rating curve, 

13,000 second-feet); minimum stage, from water-stage recorder, 1.94 feet at 

2 a. m. October 2 (discharge, 20 second-feet, water held back by dams).

1911-1923: Maximum discharge, that of April 7, 1923; minimum discharge, about 8 second-feet July 14, 1911 (water held back by dams).

ICE: Stage-discharge relation usually affected by ice from December to March; 

discharge determined from gage heights corrected for effect of ice by means 

of current-meter measurements, observer's notes, and weather records.

REGULATION. Considerable daily fluctuation at low stages caused by operation 

of power plants at Richford.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except when affected 

by ice. Rating curve fairly well defined below 6,000 second-feet. Operation 

of water-stage recorder generally satisfactory. Daily discharge ascertained 

by applying to rating table mean daily gage height determined by inspection of recorder sheets, with corrections for effect of ice during the winter 

or, for days having large variation in stage, by averaging discharge of 12 

two-hour periods. Open-water records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Missisquoi River near Richford, Vt., during the year 

ending September SO, 1928

Date

Oct 30

Feb. 8

Apr. 21

Made by 

. do .-... . _ .._... . ..... - - . .........

H. F. Hill, jr......... __ ...... ............. . ........

Gage 

height

feet. 

2.99

 3.96

7.50

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

250

181

4,080

1 Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
142 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Missisquoi River near Richford, Vt., for year

ending September SO, 1928

Day

1 __ ___

2 _________ 

3 _________ 

4 _ ____ _ 

5l_ II" II

6 _______ ..

7 ________ .

8 _______ -

9 _______ .. 

10. ___ ..... 

11

12 ___ 

13 ________ .

14 _______ ..

15 _________

16 _ ..

17 _________

18 ___

19 _____ - __

20 -- _

21 ____

22 _______ .

23 _______ ..

24. _______ ..

25. ______ ...

26-

27 _. ___ ..

28 - .. 

29 _______ ..

30 _ -

Q1

Oct.

88

73 

70 

75 

132

140

140

152

215 

206

233 

215

167

147

157

137 

132

130

135

130

137

157

424

505

514

482 

343 

272

240

Nov.

191 

188 

194 

185

194

200

206 

233

OKQ

403 

446

451

645

532 

419

415

660

960

860

650

550

478

451

491 

428 

355

339

Dec.

460

650 

580 

530 

460

470

480

500

500 

400

310

280 

260

240

230

220

220

210

200

200

210

210

210

210

210

220 

220 

220

220

220

Jan.

Ofifi

1,100 

1,000 

680 

480

380

OQfl

9Qfl

300 

290

270

260

94fl

240

230

230

240 

210

210

91 fl

220

280

300

270

250

250

230 

210 

230

200

180

Feb.

175

190 

195 

200 

200

195

180

190

200 

200

195

195 

200-

210

220

200

190 

185

185

180

180

195

180

185

190

170

170 

155

Mar.

150

150 

150 

170 

180

210

230

200 

180

175

175 

170

170

190

220

380

eoo

500

560

600

1,700

1,950

1,850

1,600 

1,400 

1,100

960

880

Apr.

860

830 

1,700 

3,000 

4,500

7,220

11,000

11,500

10,700

4.710

4,820 

4,820

4,600

3,830

2,150

1,800 

1,640

1,600

1,600

3,940

7,090

7,610

5,400

3,060

2,060

1,970 

2,190 

4,930

7,610

May

6,720

4,160 

2,340 

1,760 

1,520

1,320

1,170

960

890 

960

1 fl^fl

1,100 

1,360

995

890

2,640

5,280 

3,610

2,060

1,400

1,240

1,440

1,130

1,030

860

800

625 

575 

523

424

399

June

407

355 

282 

275 

523

2,640

1,970

1,520

3,610 

2,840

1,240

800 

686

565

500

469

478 

433

343

307

272

237

221

182

179

254

428 

523 

536

590

July

460

339 

279 

282 

300

339

424

391

296 

265

254

206 

170

162

155

152

140 

152

140

135

137

137

135

117

115

125

130 

132 

145

117

112

Aug.

112

102 

90 

86 

84

77

68

73

50 

55

58

68 

84

86

90

97

105 

84

71

«8

107

331

227

176

188

170

137 

105 

157

145

135

Sept.

127

110 

86 

88 

73

88

86

68

197 

185

188

155 

160

167

147

125

140 

135

162

147

478

536

387

261

209

182

279 

303 

343

351

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec.l to Apr. 5; daily discharge for days when gage 

was read based on gage heights corrected for effect of ice. No gage-height record Nov. 9, 10, Jan. 30, Feb. 

4-6, Feb. 22 to Mar. 3, Mar. 11-15, 21, 22, Mar. 31 to Apr. 3, Apr. 13-15, 18-20, and May 17 and 18; daily 

discharge estimated by hydrograph comparisons and meteorological data.

Monthly discharge of Missisquoi River near Richford, Vt., for the year ending September SO, 1923

[Drainage area, 445 square miles]

Month

October ........ ...... . ...... _ ..

April ___ . _____ . _____ . __ ......

May

June ... . _ .

July.. ______ _____ __ .

September .,,_._.__., ___ __ . _ ... ___

The year...... _ .. _ ... __ . _ ... ....

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

514 

960 

650 

1,100 

220 

1,950 

11,500 

6,720 

3,610 

460 

331 

536

11,500

Minimum

70 

179 

200 

180 

155 

150 

830 

399 

179 

112 

50 

 68

50

Mean

206 

405 

315 

325 

190 

584 

4,470 

1,650 

789 

208 

113 

199

786

Per square 

mile

0.463 

.910 

.708 

.730 

.427 

1.31 

10.0 

3.71 

1.77 

.467 

.254 

.447

1.77

Run-off in 

inches

0.53 

1.02 

.82 

.84 

.44 

1.51 

11.16 

4.28 

1.98 

.54 

.29 

.50

23.91
STREAMS TEIBUTABY TO ST. LAWRENCE BIVEB 143

CIYDE RIVER AT WEST DERBY (NEWPORT), VT.

LOCATION. Just below plant of Newport Electric Light Co. at West Derby 

(Newport), Orleans County, 1 mile above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE AREA. 150 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 25,1909, to September 30,1919, and May 24,1920, 

to September 30,1923.

GAGES. Water-stage recorder on right bank; referenced to gage datum by hook 

gage inside well; chain gage fastened to tree is used for auxiliary readings. 

Recorder inspected by F. R. Sherwell.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made by wading near gage or from highway bridge 

one-half mile downstream.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Stream bed rough and irregular; covered with boulders and ledge rock; fall of river rapid for some distance below gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 4.58 feet at 11 p. m. April 1 (discharge, from extension of rating 

curve, 2,310 second-feet); minimum discharge practically nil at 8 a. m. December 25 (water held back by dams).

1909-1923: High water of March 25-30, 1913, reached maximum stage of 

5.8 feet, as determined from high-water marks (discharge, about 6,300 second-feet) ; minimum discharge practically nil at various times when water 

was held back by dams.

ICE. River usually remains open at control; stage-discharge relation seldom affected.

REGULATION. Flow at ordinary stages fully controlled by two dams at West 

Derby; distribution of flow affected also by several dams above West Derby. 

Seymour Lake and several small ponds in the basin afford a large amount 

of natural storage, but at the present time there is little if any artificial 

regulation at these ponds.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during year. Rating curve 

fairly well defined. Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory except for 

periods indicated in footnote to daily-discharge table. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records good 

when water-stage recorder was in operation.

Discharge measurements of Clyde River at West Derby (Newport), Vt., during the 

year ending September SO, 1928

Date

Oct. 28

28

29

Made by 

W. E. Armstrong..,. _

__ .do __ . ___ .....

Gage 

height

Feel 

2.20 

2.18

2.18

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

93

86

.83

Date

Feb. 9

20

Made by 

W. E. Armstrong ___ 

H. F. Hill, jr.. __ ....

Gage 

height

Feet 

2.25

2.87

2.87

Discharge

Sec.-/*. 

109 

471

476
144 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Clyde River at West Derby (Newport), Vt., for 

the year ending September 30, 1923

Day

1. ____ ..

2.. _ . _ .- _

3 _____ . ___

4___. __

6. ________

7.. . _ -- 

8-.. .- .

9 ......

10- ____ .....

11... ______

12. ____ . .....

13... ..... .

14_______.....__

15.. ____ ..

16.. ___ ......

17 ..............

18........ ...

19-...-.... ..

20 .. _ ......

21 _____ ..

22.. ............

23... ______ 

24. . 

25..' __ . ......

26.. ............

27......... ....

28.. ............

29.... __ ......

30... ___ ._....

31--........ .

Oct.

55

54

48

70

62

68

58

60

56

46

64 

68

68

62

73

105

82

85

cw

Nov.

68

70

58 

76 

60

70

79

101

109

46

40

48

56

58

66

64

60

54

56

64

101

113

109 

105

109

101

121

105

113

105

Dec.

14.9

7Q

73 

133 

133

117

117

Q3

50

73

89

89

85

85

93

17

31

39

52

60

58

58 

26

26

62

[ 100

Jan.

155

120

100

Feb.

85

121

125

117

113

93

89

109

105

113

64

85

169

169

129

109 

97

54

54

60

46

Mar.

48

50

68 

58 

89

64

62

58

u

70

40

58

64

73

64

68

66

56

85

113

137

178

173 

133

121

85

82

133

178

178

178

Apr.

202

182

197 

232

212

316

474

950

1,080

1,080

1,040

1,040

970

900

820

730

641

565

532

498

548

641

930

1,170

1,170

1,060

950

770

990

1,500

May

2,100

2,080

1,800 

1,400 

1,150

990

870

790

622

660

631

631

622

603

593

593

593

574

565

557

507

474

445 

407

394

367

347

310

292

275

941

June

227

217

202 

173 

173

187

248

316

374

394

394

387

360

328

286

248

243

212

202

178

164

151

137 

121

70

82

89

89

109

109

July

142

125

121 

125 

117

151

164

178

155

151

142

125

121

101

113

93

82

97

79

85

79

89

101 

79

76

76

79

89

66

85

7Q

Aug.

76

76

76 

85 

66

76

68

70

73

68

70

50

70

70

68

73

73

82

52

85

89

89

89 

93

101

52

93

82

89

89

Q7

Sept.

89

66

68 

82

82

73

66

S3

52

82

82

76

79

Q1

109

70

97

93

Q7

105

109

121

129 

125

133

133

129

129

160

142

NOTE. Water-stage recorder not in operation Oct. 1-13, Dec. 27 to Feb. 8, Mar. 29, 30, Sept. 6-8, 26 

and 27; discharge estimated.

Monthly discharge of Clyde River at West Derby (Newport), Vt., for the year ending

September 30, 1923

[Drainage area, 150 square miles]

Month

July . ....

August __ . _____ . ___________

The year ________________

Discharge in second-feet

Maximum

105 

121 

142

169 

178 

1,500 

2,100 

394 

178 

101 

160

2,100

Minimum

46 

40 

17

46 

40 

182 

243 

70 

66 

50 

52

17

Mean

62.5 

79.5 

80.4 

124 

96.4 

93.0 

746 

725 

216 

109 

77.1 

97.6

209

Per square 

mile

0.417 

.530 

.536 

.827 

.643 

.620 

4.97 

4.83 

1.44 

.737 

.514 

.651

1.39

Run-oft 

in inches

0.48 

.59 

.62 

.95 

.67 

.71 

5.55 

5.57 

1.61 

.85 

.59 

.73.

18.92

NOTE. See paragraph on " Regulation.
STREAMS TEIBUTAEY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 145

MISCELLANEOUS DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS

Discharge measurements of streams in the St. Lawrence River 

drainage basin at points other than regular gaging stations, made 

during the year ending September 30, 1923, are listed in the following table:

Miscellaneous discharge measurements in the St. Lawrence River drainage basin during the year ending September SO, 1928

Date

Oct. 4

27

May 11

16

May 8

Oct. 4

27

May 11

16

May 14

Stream

Maumee Eiver ________

.....do. __ . __ . _ . ..

.....do _ 

__ .do . __ . ___ .... ______

__._.do __ ... __ ..... __ .

. .do .... __ .. __ .. __ .

.....do ___ .. __ .... __ .

.....do . __ . ___ ... _______

.....do ___ _____ ___ .....

.....do ._ __ ..... __ ________

Tributary to or diverting from 

.....do __ ,__.._._ 

.....do ___ .... ..-

.....do ________________

.....do __ _._ -_____

.....do ... ____ .....

 -do-.. .... __ ._

.....do ___ ... _______

 do_ ___ .

. .do .... _____ ._

Locality

__ .do _________ , ____

 . .do _-. . _ 

.....do . __ ...... _____ .

.....do __________ ______ .

__ .do _____ . ____.____..

.. do ........ __ .........

do . ___

 do . ... . . 

Tiffin, Ohio __ . ____________

Discharge

Sec.-ft. 

521

394

693

667

613

56

201

14

31

30

6

36

5,520
STREAM-GAGING STATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 

RELATING TO WATER RESOURCES

INTRODUCTION

Investigation of water resources by the United States Geological 

Survey has consisted in large part of measurements of the volume of 

flow of streams and studies of the conditions affecting that flow, but 

it has comprised also investigation of such closely allied subjects as 

irrigation, water storage, water powers, ground waters, and quality 

of waters. Most of the results of these investigations have been published in the series of water-supply papers, but some have appeared 

in the monographs, bulletins, professional papers, and annual reports.

The results of stream-flow measurements are now published annually in 12 parts, each part covering an area whose boundaries 

coincide with natural drainage features as indicated below:

Part I. North Atlantic slope basins (St. John River to York River).

II. South Atlantic slope and eastern Gulf of Mexico basins (James River to 

the Mississippi).

III. Ohio River basin.

IV. St. Lawrence River basin. 

V. Upper Mississippi River and Hudson Bay basins.

VI. Missouri River basin.

VII. Lower Mississippi River basin. 

VIII. Western Gulf of Mexico basins.

IX. Colorado River basin.

X. Great Basin.

XL Pacific slope basins in California. 

XII. North Pacific slope basins, in three parts:

A, Pacific slope basins in Washington and upper Columbia River basin. 

B, Snake River basin.

C, Lower Columbia River basin and Pacific slope basins in Oregon.

147
148 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

HOW GOVERNMENT REPORTS MAY BE OBTAINED OR CONSULTED

Water-supply papers and other publications of the United States 

Geological Survey containing data in regard to the water resources 

of the United States may be obtained or consulted as indicated below.

1. Copies may be purchased at nominal cost from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, 

D. C., who will, on application, furnish lists giving prices.

2. Sets of the reports may be consulted in the libraries of the 

principal cities of the United States.

3. Complete sets are available for consultation in the local offices 

of the water-resources branch of the Geological Survey, as follows:

Boston, Mass., 2500 Customhouse.

Albany, N. Y., 704 Journal Building. *

Trenton, N. J., Statehouse.

Charlottesville, Va., care of University of Virginia.

Asheville, N. C., 316 Jackson Building.

Chattanooga, Tenn., 37 Municipal Building.

Columbus, Ohio, Engineering Experiment Station, Ohio State University.

Chicago, 111., 950 Transportation Building.

Madison, Wis., care of Railroad Commission of Wisconsin.

Ames, Iowa, State Highway Commission Building.

Rolla, Mo., Rolla Building, School of Mines and Metallurgy.

Topeka, Kans., 23 Federal Building.

Helena, Mont., 45-46 Federal Building.

Denver, Colo.j 403 Post Office Building.

Salt Lake City, Utah, 313 Federal Building.

Idaho Falls, Idaho, 228 Federal Building.

Boise, Idaho, Federal Building.

Tacoma, Wash., 404 Federal Building.

Portland, Oreg., 606 Post Office Building.

San Francisco, Calif., 303 Customhouse.

Los Angeles, Calif., 600 Federal Building.

Tucson, Ariz., room 106, College of Law Building, University of Arizona.

Austin, Tex., State Capitol.

Honolulu, Hawaii, 25 Capitol Building.

A list of the Geological Survey's publications may be obtained by 

apply to the Director, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D. C.

STREAM-FLOW REPORTS

Stream-flow records have been obtained at about 5,600 points in 

the United States, and the data obtained have been published in the 

reports tabulated below.
STREAM-FLOW REPORTS 149

Stream-flow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey 

[A Annual Report; B=Bulletin; W=Water-Supply Paper]

Report

10th A, pt. 2. .....

llth A, pt. 2 ______

12th A, pt. 2 ______

13th A, pt. 3 ______

14th A, pt. 2......

B 131 _____________

16th A, pt. 2 ______

B 140 _______ .

W _______ ___ ...

18th A, pt. 4. __

W 15. ___________

W 16. _____ ...

19th A, pt. 4 __

W27._.._.....___.

W28 __ . _ . __

20th A, pt. 4 ______

W 35 to 39.... .____

21st A,pt.4. ....

W 47 to 52. _______

22d A, pt. 4.......

W65,66- ___ ..

W75._....._..__

W82to85.._ __ ..

W 97 to 100- .____

W 124 to 135.....

W 165 to 178.. ...

W 201 to 214 ___

W 241 to 252.......

W261 to 272. _ _ ..

W 281 to 292.. ...

W 301 to 312.....

W 321 to 332.... ...

W 351 to 362.....

W381to394...__

W 401 to 414.......

W 431 to 444.......

W 451 to 464-...

W 471 to 484... ...

W 501 to 514 ___ ..

W 521 to 534.......

W 541 to 554.....

W 561 to 574. _ ...

Character of data

__ do ______________ __ _ ______

ly discharge (also many data covering earlier years).

(also similar data for some earlier years) .

States, eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River above 

junction with Kansas.

sissippi River below junction of Missouri and Platte, and 

western United States.

(also some long-time records) .

States, eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River.

western United States.

 ..do ______________ ___________ _____

__ .do . _ _ _ . - ____

_ ..do ____ . _____ . ______ . ______________ .

__ .do ___ _________ . ________ .... _ . _____

__ .do __ _______ __________________

. .do _______ __ ___.___ ___.__.____. . ... 

__ .do .... ______________________ . . _ .. ___

__ .do __ __ __ .. _ _ _ __ .. .. __ __

__ do . .. ________ . __ .. __ . . _____________

. _ -do ___ .. ____ . _ ..... . ____________ . __ -

_ .do __ _ _ __ _ ________ _

.....do _____ - ... _ _ __ .._.____ __ . ____ ____________

.....do._... . ._. _____. __.._.--__-_-. .._,

__ .do __ . ________________ . _____ ______

.....do. __ . __ . __ . .... .. .-- 

. _ .do ______ __ . ___ __ . _____________

Year

1884 to Sept., 1890.

1884 to June 30, 1891,

1884 to Dec. 31, 1892

1895.

1896.

1895 and 1896

1897.

1897

1897.

1898.

1898.

1898.

1899.

1899.

1900.

1900.

1901.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

1905.

]906. 

1907-8.

1909.

1910.

1911.

1912.

1913.

1914.

1915.

1916.

1917.

1918.

1919-20.

1921.

1922.

1923.

The records at most of the stations discussed in these reports 

extend over a series of years, and miscellaneous measurements at 

many points other than regular gaging stations have been made 

each year. An index of the reports containing records obtained prior 

to 1904 has been published in Water-Supply Paper 119.

The following table gives, by years and drainage basins, the numbers of the papers on surface-water supply published from 1899 to 

1923. The data for any particular station will be found in the reports covering the years during which the station was maintained. 

For example, data for Machias River at Whitneyville, Maine, 1903 

to 1921, are published in Water-Supply Papers 97, 124, 165, 201, 241, 

261, 281, 301, 321, 351, 381, 401, 431, 451, 471, 501, and 521, which 

contain records for the New England streams from 1903 to 1921. 

Results of miscellaneous measurements are published by drainage 

basins.
Numbers of^vater-supplylpapers^containing resuUs1oflstream$m

[For basins included see p. 147]

Year

1899 « __ 

1900 9. ...... . _ . __ .

1901- ___ . ____ - 

1902 ____ . ___________

1903.. _-_-__.._-.-.

1904. ___ _ ______

1905. _______ .. _ .

1906.________. _ __ __

1907-8- - __ ._

1909- __ . __ . _____

1910- _ .. __ _

1911... __ . __ ......

1912-......-- __ _

1913...._...___._....__

1914.. __ . __ . __

1915. _ .........^ ....

1916.. __ ..._._.. _

1917-_-_._ __.......

1918 ____ . ___________

1919-20.. ______ . _

1921.. _ -- __ .. _____

1922. -__ ______ ..

1923. ___ - __ .. __

I

35

47, * 48

65,75

82

97

« 124, » 125,

P 126 

» 165, o 166,

P 167

P 203

261

281

321

351

381

401

431

451

471

501

521

541

561

II

"> 35,36

48

65,75

6 82,83

» 97,98

P 126,127

P 167, 168

'262

282

352

382

402

432

452

472

502

522

542

562

III

36

48, < 49

65,75

83

98

128

169

205

243

263

283

303

323

353

383

403

433

453

473

503

523

543

563

IV

36

49

65,75

» 82,83

97

129

170

' 206

244

264

284

304

324

354

384

404

434

454

474

504

524

544

564

V

36

49

* 65, 66, 75

* 83,85

'£98.99, 100

* 128, 130

171

207

245

265

285

305

325

355

385

405

435

455

475

505

525

545

565

VI

c 36. 37

49, / 50

66,75

84

99

130, 1 131

172

208

246

266

286

306

326

356

386

406

436

456

476

606

526

546

566

VII

37

50

* 65, 66, 75

* 83,84

ft 98, 99

ft 128, 131

* 169, 173

ft 205,209

247

267

287

307

327

357

387

407

437

457

477

507

527

547

567

VIII

66,

1

1

2

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

4

4

4

4

5

5

5

5

 Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 35-39 contained in Water-Supply 

Paper 39. Tables of monthly discharge for 1899 in Twenty-first Annual Report, Part IV.

b James River only.

c Gallatin River.

«* Green and Gunnison rivers and Grand River above junction with Gunnison.

« Moh'ave River only.

/ Kings and Kern rivers and south Pacific slope basins.

9 Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 47-52 and data on precipitation, 

wells, and irrigation in California and Utah contained in Water-Supply Paper 52. 

Tables of monthly discharge for 1900 in Twenty-second Annual Report, Part IV.

* Wissahickon and Schuylkill rivers to Jaines River. 

< Scioto River.

i Loup and Platte 

with Platte.

fc Tributaries of Mi

l Lake Ontario and 

TO Hudson Bay only

» New England riv

o Hudson River to 

P Susquehanna Riv

? Platte and Kansa

f Great Basin in Ca

* Below junction w

< Rogue, Umpqua, 
GAGING STATIONS 151

In these papers and in the following lists the stations are arranged 

in downstream order. The main stem of any river is determined 

by measuring or estimating its drainage area that is, the headwater 

stream having the largest drainage area is considered the continuation of the main stream, and local changes in name and lake surface 

are disregarded. All stations from the source to the mouth of the 

main stem of the river are presented first, and the tributaries in 

regular order from source to mouth follow, the streams in each 

tributary basin being listed before those of the next basin below.

In exception to this rule the records for Mississippi River are 

given in four parts, as indicated on page 147, and the records for 

large lakes are presented in order of streams around the rim of the 

lake.

PRINCIPAL STREAMS

The St. Lawrence River basin includes streams which drain into 

the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River. The principal streams 

flowing directly or indirectly into Lake Superior from the United 

States are St. Louis, Ontonagon, Dead, and Carp rivers; streams 

flowing into Lake Michigan are Escanaba, Menominee, Peshtigo, 

Oconto, Fox, St. Joseph, and Grand rivers; into Lake Huron flow 

Thunder Bay, Ausable, Rifle, and Saginaw rivers; into Lake Erie 

flow Huron, Maumee, Sandusky, Black, and Cuyahoga rivers. 

Streams flowing into Lake Ontario are Genesee, Oswego, Salmon, 

and Black rivers. The St. Lawrence receives Oswegatchie and 

Raquette rivers, Richelieu River (the outlet of Lake Champlain), 

and St. Francis River, whose principal tributary, Clyde River, reaches 

it through Lake Memphremagog. The streams of this basin drain 

wholly or in part the States of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, 

New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and Wisconsin.

In addition to the list of gaging stations and annotated list of 

publications relating specifically to the section, this part contains 

brief references to reports published by State and other organizations. (See p. 163.)

GAGING STATIONS

NOTE. Dash following a date indicates that station was being maintained September 30, 1923. Period 

after date indicates discontinuance.

Streams tributary to Lake Superior:

Brule River at mouth, Minn., 1911. 

' Devil Track River at mouth, Minn., 1911. 

Cascade River at mouth, Minn., 1911. 

Poplar River a^Lutsen, Minn., 1911-1917. 

Beaver Bay River at Beaver Bay, Minn., 1911-1914. 

St. Louis River near Cloquet, Minn., 1903. 

St. Louis River near Thomson, Minn., 1909-1915.

Whiteface River at Meadowlands, Minn., 1909-1912.

Whiteface River below Meadowlands, Minn., 1912-1917.

Cloquet River at Independence, Minn., 1909-1917.
152 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, FART IV

Streams tributary to Lake Superior Continued.

Aminicon River near Aminicon Falls, Wis., 1914-1916. 

Brule River near Brule, Wis., 1914-1917. 

Bad River near Odanah, Wis., 1914-1922. 

Montreal River at Ironwood, Mich., 1918-1922.

West Branch of Montreal River at Gile, Wis., 1918- 

Ontonagon River near Rockland, Mich., 1903. 

Sturgeon River near Sidnaw, Mich., 1912-1915. 

Perch River near Sidnaw, Mich., 1912-1915. 

Dead River near Negaunee, Mich., 1902-3. 

Dead River at Forestville, Mich., 1898-1902. 

Carp River near Marquette, Mich., 1902-3. 

Streams tributary to Lake Michigan:

Escanaba River near Escanaba, Mich., 1903-1915.

Brule River (head of Menominee River) near Florence, Wis., 1914-1916.

Menominee River at Twin Falls, near Iron Mountain, Mich., 1914-

Menominee River near Iron Mountain, Mich., 1902-1914.

Menominee River at Lower Quinnesec Falls, Wis., 1898-99.

Menominee River at Koss, Mich., 1907-1909; 1914.

Menominee River below Koss, Mich., 1913-

Iron River near Iron River, Mich., 1900-1905.

Pine River near Florence, Wis., 1914-

Pike River at Amberg., Wis., 1914- 

Peshtigo River at High Falls, near Crivitz, Wis., 1912- 

Peshtigo River near Crivitz, Wis., 1906-1909. 

Peshtigo River at Crivitz, Wis., 1906. 

Oconto River near Gillett, Wis., 1906-1909; 1914- 

Oconto River at Stiles, Wis. 1906. 

Fox River at Berlin, Wis., 1898- 

Fox River at Omro, Wis., 1902-3. 

Fox River at Oshkosh, Wis., 1902. 

Fox River at Wrightstown, Wis., 1902-1904. 

Fox River at Rapide Croche dam, near Wrightstown, Wis., 1896-

Wolf River at Keshena, Wis., 1907-1909; 1911-

Wolf River at White House Bridge, near Shawano, Wis., 1906-7.

Wolf River at Darrows Bridge, near Shawano, Wis., 1906.

Wolf River at New London, Wis., 1913-

Wolf River at Northport, Wis., 1905.

Wolf River at Winneconne, Wis., 1902-3.

West Branch of Wolf River at Neopit, Wis., 1911-1917.

Embarrass River near Embarrass, Wis., 1919-

Little Wolf River at Royalton, Wis., 1914-

Little Wolf River near Northport, Wis., 1907-1910.

Waupaca River near Waupaca, Wis., 1917-

Waupaca River near Weyauwega, Wis., 1916-17.

Fond du Lac River, West Branch (head of Fond du Lac River), at Fond 

du Lac, Wis., 1903.

East Branch of Fond du Lac River at Fond du Lac, Wis., 1903. 

Sheboygan River near Sheboygan, Wis., 1916- 

Milwaukee River near Milwaukee, Wis., 1914- 

Little Calumet River at Harvey, 111., 1916- 

St. Joseph River at Mendon, Mich., 1902-1905. 

St. Joseph River near Buchanan, Mich., 1901-1906.

Fawn River at White Pigeon, Mich., 1903-4.
GAGING STATIONS 153

Streams tributary to Lake Michigan Continued.

Kalamazoo River near Allegan, Mich., 1901-1907.

Reeds Springs near Albion, Mich., 1904-1906. 

Grand River at North Lansing, Mich., 1901-1906. 

Grand River at Grand Rapids, Mich., 1901-1918.

Red Cedar River at Agricultural College, Mich., 1902-3.

Crockery Creek at Slocums Grove, Mich., 1902-3. 

Muskegon River at Newaygo, Mich., 1901-1906. 

Manistee River near Sherman, Mich., 1903-1916. 

Boardman River at Traverse City, Mich., 1904. 

Streams tributary to Lake Huron:

Thunder Bay River near Alpena, Mich., 1901-^1908. 

Au Sable River near Lovells, Mieh., 1908-1914. 

Au Sable River at Bamfield, Mich., 1902-1913. 

Rifle River near Sterling, Mieh., 1905-1908. 

Rifle River at Omer, Mich., 1902-3. 

Shiawassee River (head of Saginaw River):

Flint River at Flint, Mich., 1903-4.

Cass River at Frankenmuth, Mich., 1908-9.

Cass River at Bridgeport, Mich., 1908.

Tittabawassee River at Freeland, Mich., 1903-1909; 1912- 

Streams tributary to Lake Erie:

Huron River at Dover, Mich., 1904. 

Huron River at Dexter, Mich., 1904-1916. 

Huron River at Barton, Mich., 1914- 

Huron River at Geddes, Mich., 1904-1914. 

Huron River at French Landing, Mich., 1904-5. 

Huron River at Flat Rock, Mich., 1904-1922. 

Maumee River at Antwerp, Ohio, 1921- 

Maumee River near Sherwood, Ohio, 1903-1906. 

Maumee River at Waterville, Ohio, 1898-1901; 1921- 

St. Marys River at Fort Wayne, Ind., 1905-6.

St. Joseph River at Fort Wayne, Ind., 1905-6.

TiflBn River near Stryker, Ohio, 1921-

Tiflin River near Defiance, Ohio, 1903-1906.

Auglaize River near Fort Jennings, Ohio, 1921-

Auglaize River near Defiance, Ohio, 1903; 1915- 

Ottawa River at Lima, Ohio, 1902-3. 

Blanchard River at Ottawa, Ohio, 1902-3. 

Blanchard River at Glandorf, Ohio, 1921-

Miami and Erie Canal at Waterville, Ohio, 1921- 

Sandusky River near Upper Sandusky, Ohio, 1921- 

Sandusky River near Mexico, Ohio, 1898-1900; 1923- 

Sandusky River at Fremont, Ohio-, 1898-1901. 

Black River near Elyria, Ohio, 1903-1906.

East Branch of Black River at Elyria, Ohio, 1922- 

Cuyahoga River at Old Portage, Ohio, 1921- 

Cuyahoga River at Brecksville, Ohio, 1923- 

Cuyahoga River at Independence, Ohio, 1903-1906; 1921-1923. 

Cuyahoga River at Cleveland, Ohio, 1903.

Ohio Canal feeder at Brecksville, Ohio, 1923-

Ohio Canal at Indepedence, Ohio, 1921-1923. 

Grand River near Madison, Ohio, 1922- 

Conneaut Creek at Amboy, Ohio, 1922- 

Cattaraugus Creek at Versailles, N. Y., 1910-1923.
154 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Streams tributary to Lake Ontario: 

Niagara River:

Tonawanda Creek:

Little Tonawanda Creek at Linden, N. Y., 1912- 

Barge Canal at Lock 30, Macedon, N. Y., 1919-1920. 

Barge Canal at Lock 32, Pittsford, N. Y., 1919-1921. 

Genesee River at Scio, N. Y., 1916- 

Genesee River at St. Helena, N. Y., 1908- 

Genesee River at Mount Morris, N. Y., 1905-1909. 

Genesee River at Jones Bridge, near Mount Morris, N. Y., 1903-1906; 1908-

1913; 1915-

Genesee River at Rochester, N. Y., 1904-1919. 

Genesee River at Driving Park Avenue, Rochester, N. Y., 1919-

Canaseraga Creek near Dansville, N. Y., 1910-1912; 1915-1917; 1919- 

Canaseraga Creek at Cumminsville. N. Y., 1917-1919. 

Canaseraga Creek at Groveland Station, N. Y., 1915-1920. 

Canaseraga Creek at Shakers Crossing, N. Y., 1915-1922. 

Keshequa Creek at Sonyea, N. Y., 1910-1912; 1917- 

Keshequa Creek near Sonyea, N. Y., 1915-1917. 

Conesus Creek near Lakeville, N. Y., 1919- 

Hemlock Lake at Hemlock, N. Y., 1894-1902.

Canadice Lake outlet near Hemlock, N. Y., 1903- 

Honeoye Creek at East Rush, N. Y., 1903-1906.

Seneca River (head of Oswego River) at Baldwinsville, N. Y., 1898-1908. 

Oswego River at Fulton, N. Y., 1900; 1902.

Oswego River at Battle Island, above Minetto, N, Y., 1900-1906. 

Oswego River at high dam, near Oswego, N. Y., 1897-1901. 

Seneca Lake at Geneva, N. Y., 1905-6. 

Cayuga Lake at Ithaca, N. Y., 1905-1908. 

Fall Creek near Ithaca, N. Y., 1908-9. 

Owasco Lake outlet near Auburn, N. Y., 1912- 

Skaneateles Lake at Skaneateles, N. Y., 1890-91. 

Skaneateles Lake outlet at Willow Glen, N. Y., 1892-1908. 

Skaneateles Lake outlet at Jordan, N. Y., 1890-1892. 

Onondaga Lake outlet at Long Branch, N. Y., 1904. 

West Branch of Onondaga Creek at South Onondaga, N. Y., 1916-1918, 

Fish Creek, East Branch (through Oneida Lake, head of Oneida River),

at Point Rock, N. Y., 1898-99. 

Fish Creek, East Branch, at Taberg, N. Y., 1923- 

Oneida River at Brewerton, N. Y., 1899.

Oneida River at Oak Orchard, near Euclid, N. Y., 1902-1909. 

Oneida River at Caughdenoy, N. Y., 1910-1913.

West Branch of Fish Creek at McConnelsville, N. Y., 1898-1901. 

Oneida Creek at Kenwood, N. Y., 1898-1900. 

Chittenango Creek at Chittenango, N. Y., 1901-1906. 

Chittenango Creek at Bridgeport, N. Y.,1898-1901. 

Salmon River at Stillwater Bridge, near Redfield, N. Y., 1911-1913. 

Salmon River near Pulaski, N. Y., 1900-1908; 1910-1914.

Orwell Brook near Altmar, N. Y.,1911-1916. 

Black River near Boonville, N. Y., 1911- 

Black River near Felts Mills, N. Y., 1902-1913. 

Black River at Black River, N. Y., 1917-1920. 

Black River at Huntingtonville dam, near Watertown, N. Y., 1897-1901.
GAGING STATIONS 155

Streams tributary to Lake Ontario Continued. 

Black River at Watertown, N. Y., 1920-

Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. Y., 1915-

Black River canal (flowing south) near Buonville, N. Y., 1915-

Moose River at McKeever, N. Y., 1922-

Moose River at Moose River, N. Y., 1900-1922.

Middle Branch of Moose River at Old Forge, N. Y., 1911- 

Beaver River at State dam, near Beaver River, N. Y., 1908- 

Beaver River at Eagle Falls, near Number Four, N. Y., 1921- 

Beaver River at Croghan, N. Y., 1901-1903. 

Streams tributary to St. Lawrence River:

Oswegatchie River, East Branch (h'ead of Oswegatchie River), at Cranberry

Lake, N. Y., 1923-

Oswegatchie River, East Branch, at Newton Falls, N. Y., 1912-1923. 

Oswegatchie River near Heuvelton, N. Y., 1916- 

Oswegatchie River near Ogdensburg, N. Y., 1903-1916.

West Branch of Oswegatchie River near Harrisville, N. Y., 1916- 

Raquette River at Raquette Falls, near Coreys, N. Y., 1908-1912. 

Raquette River at Piercefield, N. Y., 1908- 

Raquette River at South Colton, N. Y., 1904. 

Raquette River at Massena Springs, N. Y., 1903-1916.

Bog River near Tupper Lake, N. Y., 1908-1912. 

St. Regis River at Brasher Center, N. Y., 1910-1917; 1919-

Deer River at Brasher Iron Works (railroad station), Ironton, N. Y.,

1912-1916.

(Jhateaugay River near Chateaugay, N. Y., 1908. 

Richelieu River at Fort Montgomery, Rouses Point, N. Y., 1875- 

Lake Champlain at Burlington, Vt., 1907- 

Big Chazy River at Mooers, N. Y., 1908. 

Saranac River at Saranac Lake, N. Y., 1902-3. 

Saranac River near Plattsburg, N. Y.,1903- 

Ausable River, West Branch (head of Ausable River), near Newman,

N. Y., 1916-1917; 1919- 

Ausable River at Ausable Forks N. Y., 1910- 

Ausable River at Keeseville, N. Y., 1904; 1908. 

Boquet River at Willsboro, N. Y., 1904; 1908. 

Lake George at Rogers Rock, N. Y. 1913-

Lake George at Glen Island, near Bolton Landing, N. Y., 1919 

Lake George outlet at Ticonderoga, N. Y., 1904-5. 

Poultney River at Fairhaven, Vt., 1908.

Mettawee River at Whitehall, N. Y. 1908. 

Otter Creek at Middlebury, Vt., 1903-1907; 1910-1920.

East Creek near Rutland, Vt., 1911-1913. 

Winooski River above Stevens Branch, near Montpelier, Vt., 1909-

1914.

Winooski River at Montpelier, Vt., 1909-1923. 

Winooski River at Richmond, Vt., 1903-1907; 1910. 

Winooski River near Winooski, Vt., 1903.

Mollys Brook near Marshfield, Vt., 1920-1923. 

Stevens Branch:

Jail Branch at East Barre, Vt., 1920-1923.
156 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Streams tributary to St. Lawrence River Continued, 

Richelieu River tributaries Continued.

Lake Champlain tributaries Continued. 

Winooski River tributaries Continued.

North Branch (Worcester Branch) of Winooski River at Montpelier, Vt., 1909-1914. 

Dog River at Northfield, Vt., 1909-1920. 

Dog River near Montpelier Junction, Vt., 1910. 

Mad River near Moretown, Vt., 1910. 

Waterbury (Little) River near Waterbury, Vt., 1910. 

Huntington River at Jonesville, Vt., 1910 

Lamoille River at Morrisville, Vt., 1909-10. 

Lamoille River at Cadys Falls, Vt., 1913-1923. 

Lamoille River at Johnson, Vt., 1910-1913. 

Lamoille River at West Milton, Vt., 1903.

Green River at Garfield, Vt., 1915-1921; 1922- 

Missisquoi River at Richford, Vt., 1909-10. 

Missisquoi River near Richford, Vt., 1911-1923. 

Missisquoi River at Swanton, Vt., 1903.

St. Francis River (by way of Lake Memphremagog and Magog River): 

Clyde River at West Derby (Newport), Vt., 1909-
REPORTS ON WATER RESOURCES OF THE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER

BASIN1

PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

WATER-SUPPLY PAPERS

Water-supply papers may be purchased (at price quoted below)from the Superintendent of Documents, 

Washington, D. C. An asterisk (*) indicates that the report is out of print. Water-supply papers are 

of octavo size.

*21. WeUs of northern Indiana, by Frank Leverett. 1899. 82 pp., 2 pis. (Continued in No. 26.)

Discusses, by counties, the glacial deposits and the sources of well water; gives many well 

sections.

24. Water resources of the State of New York, Part I, by G. W. Rafter. 1899.

99 pp., 13 pis. 15c.

*25. Water resources of the State of New York, Part II, by G. W. Rafter. 1899.

100 pp. 12 pis.

No. 24 contains descriptions of the principal rivers of New York and their more important 

tributaries and data on temperature, precipitation, evaporation, and stream flow.

No. 25 contains discussion of water-storage projects on Qenesee and Hudson Rivers, power 

development at Niagara Falls, description and early history of State canals, and a chapter on 

the use and value of the water powers of the streams and canals; also brief discussion of the 

water yield of sand areas of Long Island.

*26. Wells of southern Indiana (continuation of No. 21), by Frank Leverett. 

1899. 64 pp.

Discusses, by counties, the glacial deposits and the sources of well water; contains many 

well sections.

*30. Water resources of the Lower Peninsular of Michigan, by A. C. Lane. 1899. 

97 pp., 7 pis.

Describes lake and river transportation and navigation, water powers and domestic water 

supplies; discusses climate, topography, geology, and well waters; compares quality and quan 

tity of waters.

31. Lower Michigan mineral waters, by A. C. Lane. 1899. 97 pp., 4 pis. lOc.

Treats of economic value of mineral waters and discussion and classification of analyses; contains analyses of waters of Lake Superior and of smaller lakes and rivers and of well waters 

from various geologic formations; also sanitary condition of drinking waters.

*57. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Part I (Alabama-Montana), by N. H. Darten. 1902. 60 pp. (See No. 149.)

*61. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Part II (NebraskaWyoming), by N. H. Barton. 1902. 67 pp.

Nos. 57 to 61 contain information as to depth, diameter, yield, and head of water in borings 

more than 400 feet deep; under head "Remarks" give information concerning temperature, 

quality of water, purposes of boring, etc. The lists are arranged by States, and the States are 

arranged alphabetically. A second, revised, edition was published in 1905 as Water-Supply 

Paper 149 (q. v.).

1 For stream measurement reports, see tables on pp. 149 and 150. 

72038 26f WSP 564 11

157
158 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

91. The natural features and economic development of the Sandusky, Maumee, 

Muskingum, and Miami drainage areas in Ohio, by B. H. and M. S. Flynn.

1904. 130 pp. lOc.

Describes the topography, geology, and soils of the areas, and discusses stream flow, dams, 

water powers, and public water supplies.

*102. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1903; M. L. 

Fuller, geologist in charge. 1904. 522 pp.

Contains brief reports on wells and'springs of Minnesota and of lower Michigan. The report 

comprises tabulated well records giving information as to location, owner, depth yield, head, 

etc., supplemented by notes as to elevation above sea, materials penetrated, temperature, use 

and quality; many miscellaneous analyses.

*103. A review of the laws forbidding pollution of inland waters in the United 

States, by E. B. Goodell. 1904. 120 pp. Superseded by 152.

Cites statutory restrictions of water pollution.

*110. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1904; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1905. 211 pp., 5 pis. 

Contains:

Water resources of the Watkins Olen quadrangle, New York, by Ealph 8. Tarr; pp. 134-140. 

Discusses the use of the surface and underground waters for municipal supplies and their quality 

as indicated by examination of Sixmile and Fall creeks, and sanitary analyses of well water at 

Ithaca.

New artesian water supply at Ithaca, New York, by F. L. Whitney, pp. 55-64.

*114. Underground waters of eastern United States; M. L.'Fuller, geologist in 

charge. 1905. 285 pp., 18 pis.

Contains brief reports as follows:

Minnesota, by C. W. Hall; Wisconsin district, by, Alfred E. Schultz; Lower Michigan; 

Illinois, by Frank Leverett; Indiana, by Frank Leverett; New York, by F. B. Weeks; Ohio, 

by Frank Leverett.

Each of these reports describes briefly the topography of the area, the relation of the geology 

to the water supplies, and gives list of pertinent publications; lists also principal mineral springs,

121. Preliminary report on the pollution of Lake Champlain, by M. O. Leighton.

1905. 119pp., 13 pis. 20c.

Describes the lake and principal inflowing streams and discusses the characteristics of the 

water and the wastes resulting from the manufacturing processes by which the waters arepolluted. Discusses also the effect of mill waste on algae, bacteria, and fish.

*122. Relation of the law to underground waters, by D. W. Johnson. 1905. 

55 pp.

Cites legislative acts relating to ground waters in Michigan and Wisconsin.

144. The normal distribution of chlorine in the natural waters of New York and 

New England, by D. D. Jackson. 1905. 31 pp., 5 pis. lOc.

Discusses common salt in coast and inland waters, salt as an index to pollution of streams 

and wells, the solutions and methods used in chlorine determinations, and the use of the normal chlorine map; gives charts and tables for chlorine in the New England States and New 

York.

*145. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1905; M. Ii. 

Fuller, geologist in charge. 1905. 220 pp., 6 pis.

Contains three brief reports pertaining chiefly to areas in the St. Lawrence Eiver basin: 

Two unusual types of artesian flow, by Myron L. Fuller. Describes (1) artesian flows from 

uniform, unconflned sand on Long Island, N. Y., and in Michigan; and (2) flow from jointed 

upper portions of limestone and other rocks in southeastern Michigan,

Water resources of the Catatonk area, New York, by E. M. Kindle. Describes topography 

and geology of areas southeast of Finger Lake region, New York, including part of city of 

Ithaca; discusses briefly the artesian wells of Ithaca, the quality of the spriug water at several 

small towns, and of the streams used for municipal supplies and for power.

A ground-water problem in southeastern Michigan, by Myron L. Fuller. Discusses cause 

of failure of wells in certain areas in southeastern Michigan in 1904 and the applications of the 

conclusions to other regions.
- REPORTS OF WATER RESOURCES ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN

*147. Destructive floods in the United States in 1904, by E. C. Murphy and others 

1905. 206 pp., 18 pis.

Describes flood on Grand River, Mich. (from report of R. E. Horton), discussing streams, 

pre cipitation, temperature, discharge, damage, and prevention of future damage.

149. Preliminary list" of deep borings in the United States, second edition, with 

additions, by N. H. Darton. 1905. 175 pp. lOc.

Gives by States (and within the States by counties) the location, depth, diameter, yield, 

height of water, and other features of wells 400 feet or more in depth; includes all wells listed 

in Water-Supply Papers 57 to 61; mentions also principal publications relating to deep borings.

*152. A review of the laws forbidding pollution of inland waters in the United 

States (second edition), by E. B. Goodell. 1905. 140 pp.

Cites statutory restrictions of water pollution in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, 

New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and Wisconsin.

*156. Water powers of northern Wisconsin, by L. S. Smith. 1906. 145 pp., 5. 

* pis.

Describes, by river systems, the drainage geology, topography, rainfall, and run-off, water* 

powers and dams.

*160. Underground-water papers, 1906; M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge. 1906. 

104 pp., 1 pi.

Contains brief report entitled " Flowing well districts in the eastern part of the northern 

peninsula of Michigan," by Frank Leverett.

*162. Destructive floods in the United States in 1905, with a discussion of flood 

discharge and frequency and an index to.flood literature, by E. C. Murphy 

and others. 1906. 105 pp., 4 pis.

Contains accounts of floods on Sixmile Creek and-Cayuga Inlet, N. Y. (in 1857, 1901, and 

1905), and on Grand River, Mich., and estimate of flood discharge and frequency for Genesee 

River; gives index to literature on floods in American streams.

182. Flowing wells and municipal water supplies in the southern portion of the 

southern peninsula of Michigan, by Frank Leverett and others. 1906. 

292 pp., 5 pis. 50c.

183. Flowing wells and municipal water supplies in the middle and northern 

portions of the southern peninsula of Michigan, by Frank Leverett and 

others. 1907. 393 pp., 5 pis. 50c.

Water-Supply Papers 182 and 183 describe in general the geographic features, water-bearing 

formations, drainage, quality of water, and subterranean-water temperature, and give details 

concerning water supplies by counties. The report contains many analyses.

193. The quality of surface waters in Minnesota, by R. B. Dole and F. F. 

Wesbrook. 1907. 171 pp., 7 pis. 25c.

Describes by river basins the topography, geology, and soils, the industrial and municipal 

pollution of the streams, and gives notes on the municipalities; contains many analyses.

*194. Pollution of Illinois and Mississippi rivers by Chicago sewage (a digest of 

the testimony taken in the case of the State of Missouri v. the State of 

Illinois and the Sanitary District of Chicago), by M. O. Leighton. 1907. 

369. pp., 2 pis. 

S6bpe indicated by amplification of title.
160 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

*236. The quality of surface water in the United States: Part I, Analyses of 

waters east of the one hundredth meridian, by R. B. Dole. 1909. 123 

pp.

Describes collection of samples, method of examination, preparation of solutions, accuracy 

of estimates, and expression of analytical results; gives results of analyses of waters of Lake 

Superior and Lake Michigan, Kalamazoo and Grand rivers, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, Maumee 

Eiver and St. Lawrence and Oswegatchie rivers.

239. The quality of the surface waters of Illinois, by W. D. Collins. 1910. 

94 pp., 3 pis. lOc.

Discusses the natural and economic features that determine the character of the streams, 

describes the larger drainage basins and the methods of collecting and analyzing the samples 

of water, and discusses each river in detail with reference to its source, course, and quality of 

water; includes short chapters on municipal supplies and industrial uses.

254. The underground waters of north-central Indiana, by S. R. Capps, with a 

chapter on the chemical character of the waters, by R. B. Dole. 1910. 

279 pp., 7 pis. 40c. *

Describes relief, drainage, vegetation, soils and crops, industrial development, geologic 

formations; sources, movements, occurrence, and volume of ground water; methods of well 

construction and lifting devices; discusses in detail, for each county, surface features and 

drainage, geology, and .ground water, city, village, and rural supplies, and -gives record of 

wells and analyses of water. Discusses also, under chemical character, methods of analyses 

and expression of results, mineral constituents, effects of the constituents on waters for domestic, industrial, and medicinal uses, methods of purification and chemical composition; 

many analyses and field assays.

364. ?Water analyses from the laboratory. of the United States Geological Survey, tabulated by F. W. Clarke, chief chemist. 1914. 40 pp. 5c.

Contains analyses of water from Caledonia Spring, New York, and from the Quincy 

mine, Mich.

417. Profile surveys of rivers in Wisconsin, prepared under the direction of W. 

H. Herron, acting chief geographer. 1917. 16 pp., 32 pis. 45c.

Contains brief description of general features of drainage of Wisconsin and of the rivers 

surveyed, but consists chiefly of maps showing " not only the outlines of the river banks, the 

islands, the position of rapids, falls, shoals, and existing dams, and the crossings of all ferries 

and roads, but the contours of banks to an elevation high enough to indicate the possibility 

of using the stream."

424. Surface waters of Vermont, by C. H. Pierce. 1917. 218 pp., 14 pis. 256. 

Gives gaging-station descriptions and stream-flow records for streams in the St. Lawrence 

and Connecticut River basins. Contains a gazateer of streams.

ANNUAL REPORTS

Each of the papers contained in the annual reports was also issued in separate form. 

Annual reports may be purchased (at the price quoted below) from the Superintendent of Documents, 

Washington, D. C. An asterisk (*) indicates that the report is out of print. :

Fourteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1892-93, J. 

W. Powell, Director. 1893. (Pt. II, 1894.) 2 parts. Pt. II. Accompanying papers, xx, 597 pp., 73 pis. $2.10. Contains:

*Tie potable waters of eastern United States, by J. W. McGee, pp. 1 to 47. Discusses"' 

cistern water, stream waters, and ground waters, including mineral springs and artesian 

wells.

Seventeenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1895-96, 

Charles D. Walcott, Director. 1896. 3 parts in"4 vols. *Pft. II. Economic geology and hydrography, xxv, 864 pp., 113 pis. Contains:

"The water resources of Illinois, by Frank Leverett, pp. 695-849, pis. 108-113. Describes 

the physical features of the State, and the drainage basins, including Illinois, Des Plaines, 

Kankakee, Fox, Illinois-Vermilion, Spoon, Mackinaw, and Sangamon rivers, Macoupin 

Creek, Rock River, tributaries of the Mississippi in western Illinois, Kaskaskia, Big Muddy, 

and tributaries of the Wabash; discusses the rainfall and run-off, navigable waters and water 

powers, the wells supplying water for rural districts, and artesian wells; contains tabulated 

artesian well data and water analyses.
REPORTS ON WATER RESOURCES ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN 161

Eighteenth Annual Report, United States Geological Survey, 1896-97, Charles 

D. Walcott, Director. 1897. 5 parts in 6 volumes, Pt. IV. Hydrography, x, 756 pp., 102 pis. $1.75. Contains:

"The water resources of Indiana and Ohio, by Frank Leverett, pp. 419-560, pis. 33-37. 

Describes Wabash, Whitewater, Great Miami, Little Miami, Scioto, Hocking Muskingum, 

and Beaver rivers and lesser tributaries of the Ohio in Indiana and Ohio, the streams discharging into Lake Erie and Lake Michigan, and streams flowing to the Upper Mississippi 

through the Illinois; discusses shallow and drift wells, the flowing wells from the drift and 

deeper artesian wells, and gives records of wells at many of the cities; describes the mineral 

.. springs and gives analyses, of the waters, contains also tabulated lists of cities using surface 

waters for waterworks, and of cities and villages using shallow and deep well waters; 

discusses the source and quality of the city and village supplies, and gives precipitation tables 

for various points.

Nineteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1897-98, 

Charles D. Walcott, Director. 1898. (Pts. II, III, and V, 1899.) 6 

parts in 7 volumes and separate case for maps with Pt. V. Pt. IV. 

Hydrography. $1.85. Contains:

*The rock waters of Ohio, by Edward Orton, pp. 633-717, pis. 71-73. Describes the principal 

geologic formations of Ohio and the waters from the different strata; discusses the flowing wells 

at various points and the artesian wells of the deep preglacial channels in Alien, Auglaize, and 

Mercer counties; discusses city and village supplies; gives analyses of wafers from various 

formations.

MONOGRAPHS

Monographs may be purchased (at price quoted below) from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. An asterisk (*) indicates that the report is out of print. Monographs are of quarto size.

41. Glacial formations and drainage features of the Erie and Ohio basins, by 

Frank Leverett. 1902. 802 pp., 26 pis. $1.75.

Treats of an area extending westward from Genesee Valley in New York across northwestern Pennslyvania and Ohio, central and southern Indiana, and southward from Lakes Ontario 

and Erie to Allegheny and Ohio rivers.

PROFESSIONAL PAPERS

Professional-papers may be purchased (at price quoted below) from the Superintendent of Documents, 

Washington, D. C. An asterisk (*) indicates that the report is out of print. Professional papers are of 

quarto size.

*135. The composition of the river and lake waters of the United States, by 

F. W. Clarke. 1924. iv, 199 pp.

Gives analyses of the water of the Great Lakes and many of their tributaries.

BULLETINS

Bulletins may be purchased (at price quoted below) from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. An asterisk (*) indicates that the report is out of print. Bulletins are of octavo size.

*264. Record of deep-well drilling for 1904, by M. L. Fuller, E. F. Lines, and 

A. C. Veatch. 1905. 106 pp.

Discusses the importance of accurate well records to the driller, to owners of oil, gas, and 

water wells, and to the geologist; describes the general methods of work; gives tabulated records 

of wells in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin, and detailed record of wells in Onondaga County, N. Y., and Hancock and Wood 

counties, Ohio. These wells were selected because they gave definite stratigraphic information 

*298. Record of deep-well drilling for 1905, by M. L. Fuller and Samuel Sanford. 

1906. 299 pp.

Gives an account of progress in the collection of well records and samples; contains tabulated 

records of wells in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, 

Vermont, and Wisconsin, and detailed records of wells in Cook County, 111.; Erie County, 

N. Y.; Ottawa, Sandusky, and Summit counties, Ohio; and Manitowoc County, Wis. The 

wells of which detailed sections are given were selected because they afford valuable 

stratigraphic information
162 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

GEOLOGIC FOLIOS

Under the plan adopted for the preparation of a geologic map of the United 

States the entire area is divided into small quadrangles, bounded by certain 

meridians and parallels, and these quadrangles, which number several thousand, 

are separately surveyed and mapped.2 The unit of survey is also the unit of 

publication, and the maps and description of each quadrangle are issued in the 

form of a folio. When all the folios are completed they will constitute the Geologic Atlas of the United States.

A folio is designated by the name of the principal town or of a prominent 

natural feature within the quadrangle. Each folio includes maps showing the 

topography, geology, underground structure, and mineral deposits of the area 

mapped and several pages of descriptive text. The text explains the maps and 

describes the topographic and geologic features of the country and its mineral 

products. The topographic map shows roads, railroads, waterways, and, by contour lines, the shapes of the hills and valleys and the height above sea level of 

all points in the quadrangle. The areal-geology map shows the distribution of 

the various rocks at the surface. The structural-geology map shows the relations of the rocks to one another underground. The economic-geology map indicates the location of mineral deposits that are commercially valuable. The 

artesian-water map shows the depth of underground-water horizons. Economicgeology and artesian-water maps are included in folios if the conditions in the 

areas mapped warrant their publication. The folios are of special interest to 

students of geography and geology and are valuable as guides in the development and utilization of mineral resources.

Folios 1 to 163, inclusive, are published in only one form (18 by 22 inches), 

called the library edition. Some of the folios that bear numbers higher than 163 

are published also in an octavo edition (6 by 9 inches). Owing to a fire in the 

Geological Survey building May 18, 1913, the stock of geologic folios was more 

or less damaged by fire and water, but 80 or 90 per cent of the folios are usable. 

They will be sold at the uniform price of 5 cents each, with no reduction for 

wholesale orders. This rate applies to folios in stock from 1 to 184, inclusive 

except reprints), also to the library edition of Folio 186. The library edition of 

Folios 185, 187, and higher numbers sells for 25 cents a copy, except that some 

folios which contain an unusually large amount of matter sell at higher prices. 

The octavo edition of Folio 185 and higher numbers sells for 50 cents a copy, 

except Folio 193, which sells for 75 cents a copy. A discount of 40 per cent is 

allowed on an order for folios or for folios together with topographic maps 

amounting to $5 or more at the retail rate.

All the folios contain descriptions of the drainage of the quadrangles. The 

folios in the following listfcontain also brief discussions of the underground waters 

in connection with the economic resources of the areas and more or less information concerning the utilization of the water resources.

An asterisk (*) indicates that the stock of the folio is exhausted. . 

*81. Chicago, Illinois-Indiana.

Describes an area embracing not only the immediate site of the city but adjacent parts of 

Cook, Dupage, and Will counties, DL; gives an account of the water power, discusses the 

quality of the waters, and gives analyses of waters from artesian wells; gives also a list of 

papers relating to the geology and paleontology of the area.

*140. Milwaukee special, Wisconsin.

Gives analyses of spring waters and of artesian water in Milwaukee; also tabulated data 

concerning wells.

»Index maps showing areas in the St. Lawrence basin covered by topographic maps and by geologic 

folios will be mailed on receipt of request addressed to the Director U. S. Geological Survey, Washington 

B.C.
REPORTS ON WATER RESOURCES ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN 163

155. Ann Arbor, Mich. 25c.

Discusses the present lakes, the lakes of the glacial period, and under "Economic geology" 

the water resources, including the use of the rivers for power and of the underground waters, 

shallow and artesian, for city and village supplies; discusses the quality of the waters, and 

gives details by townships.

*169. Watkins Glen-Catatonk, New York.

Includes discussion of water supply at Ithaca. 

190. Niagara, N. Y. 50c. field edition.3

Gives analyses of mineral water from well at Akron; discusses briefly the municipal supplies 

of Buffalo, Niagara Falls, Tonawanda, La Salle, and Youngstown, and the use of Niagara 

River for power development.

205. Detroit, Mich. 50c. either edition.

Discusses surface and ground waters; gives mineral analyses of water from Lake Huron, from 

rivers near Detroit, and from salt wells.

MISCELLANEOUS REPORTS

Other Federal bureaus and State and other organizations have 

from, time to time published reports relating to the water resources 

of the various sections of the country. Notable among those pertaining to the St. Lawrence River basin are the reports of the Chief 

of Engineers, United States Army, the State Geological Survey of Illinois, the Illinois Water-Supply Commission, the Rivers and Lakes 

Commission of Illinois, the New York State Conservation Commission, the New York State Water-Supply Commission, the New York 

State engineer and surveyor, the Vermont State geologist, and the 

water-power report of the Tenth Census (vol. 16). The following 

reports deserve special mention:

The mineral content of Illinois waters, by Edward Bartow, J. A. Udden, S. W. 

Parr, and George T. Palmer: lUinois State Geol. Survey Bull. 10, 1909.

Chemical and biological survey of waters of Illinois, by Edward Bartow: Univ. 

lUinois Pubs. 3, 6, 7, 1906-1909.

Chemical survey of the waters of Illinois, report for the years 1897-1902, by 

A. W. Palmer, with report on geology of Illinois as related to its water supply, 

by Charles W. Rolfe: Univ. Illinois Pub.

Diversion of the waters of the Great Lakes by way of the Sanitary and Ship 

canal of Chicago: A brief of the facts and issues, by Lyman E. Cooley, Chicago, 

1913.

The State of Missouri v. the State of Illinois and the Sanitary district of Chicago, before Frank S. Bright, commissioner of the Supreme Court of the United 

State, 1904.

The mineral waters of Indiana, their location, origin, and character, by W. S. 

Blatchley: Indiana Dept. Geology and Nat. Res. Twenty-sixth Ann. Kept., 1901.

Reports of the water resources investigation of Minnesota, by the State Drainage Commission, 1909-1912.

Water powers of Wisconsin, by L. S. Smith: Wisconsin Geol. and Nat. Hist. 

Survey Bull. 20, 1908.

First report of the Railroad Commission of Wisconsin to the legislature on 

water powers, 1915.

* Library edition out of stock.
164 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Second report of the Railroad Commission of Wisconsin on water powers 

1914-1923.

Reexamination of Fox River, Wis.: 67th Gong., 2d sess., H. Doc. 146., 1922.

Special report of the Vermont Water Resources Commission to the legislature 

of 1921.

Diversion of water from the Great Lakes and Niagara River: Report of Corps 

of Engineers, 1921.

Hydrology of the State of New York, by George W. Rafter: New York State 

Mus. Bull. 85, 1905.

Many of these reports can be obtained from the various commissions, and probably all can be consulted in the public libraries of the 

larger cities.
AKEAS AND PUBLICATIONS COVEKED

fA=Annual Report; M=Monograph; B=Bulletin; P=Professional papers; W=Water-supply paper;

G F=Geologic folio]

Artesian waters: Essential conditions..___________________________ W 114

Chemical analyses 4 : Methods and interpretation_________ W 236, 364; P 135

Engineering methods__________________________ __ W 110

Floods_____________________________________ W 147,162

Illinois: Quality of waters______.._____ A 17 ii; W 194, 236, 239; G P 81 

Surface waters________________ __ A 17 ii; W 236, 239; G F 81 

Underground waters_____ A 17 ii; B 264, 298; W 57,114,149; G F 81

Indiana: Quality of waters___________________ A 18 iv; W 236, 254 

Surface waters______________________ W 147; M 41; G F 81 

Underground waters______________ A 18 iv; B 264, 298; W 21, 26,

57, 114,149,254; G F 81

Legal aspects: Surface waters________________._- _____________ W 152

Underground waters____________________________________ W 122

Michigan: Quality of waters_____ W 30, 31, 102, 182, 183, 236; G F 155, 205 

Surface waters__________________ W 30, 147, 162; G F 155,205 

Underground waters____ __ _________ B 264, 298; W 30, 31, 57,

102, 114, 145,149, 160, 182, 183; G F 155, 205

Mineral springs: Analyses...___________________________ A 14 ii; W 364

Origin, distribution, etc._______________________ A 14 ii

Lists _ __________________ _______ ____ _____ ._ W 114

Minnesota: Quality of waters_______________. _____ W 193,236

Surface waters____________________________ W 162,193

Underground waters_____________ B 264,298; W 57,102, 114, 149

Motions of ground waters______________________________________ W 110

New York: Quality of waters___________ W 110,144, 145, 236; G F 169,190

Surface waters.____ ___ M 41; W 24, 25, 147,162,187; G F 169,190 

Underground waters___________________ B 264, 298; W 61, 102,

110,114,145,149; G F 169,190

Ohio: Quality of waters________._ __ A 18, iv; 19, iv; W 179, 236, 259 

Surface waters__ _________ _____ ________ M 41; W 91,162 

Underground waters_______ A 18 iv, 19 iv; B 264, 298; W 91,114,149

Pennsylvania: Surface waters._________________^___________ W 147,162

Underground waters___________ B 264, 298; W 110, 114, 145, 149

Pollution:

By sewage___________________________ . W 194

Laws forbidding________ __________________ _. W 103, 152 

Indices of____________________...._______ W 144,160

Sanitation; quality of waters; pollution; sewage irrigation... W 103. 110.

114, 121, 145, 152, 160, 194, 236

S wage disposal and purification____ __!__ __ - -_ W 194

1 Many analyses of river, spring, and well waters are scattered through publications, as noted in abstracts

165
166 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Underground water: Legal aspects___________-_--__-___________ W 122

Methods of utilization_____--___------_---_---_-.--_-_--------- W 114

Pollution._.__-_____________..._.--...._ W 110, 145, 160

Vermont: Quality of waters_____________________. W 144, 236 

Surface water_________.______._____ W 187, 424 

Underground waters____.._________.__ W 102, 110, 114, 149

Wisconsin: Quality of waters_________________--____----___-____ G F 140

Profile surveys....__________________________________________ W 417

Surface waters.______________________ W 156; G F 140

Underground waters..._._ B 264, 298; W 61, 114, 145, 149; G F 140
STREAMS ON WHICH GAGING STATIONS HAVE BEEN

MAINTAINED

Aininicon River, Wis. ________

Auglaize River, Ohio_________

Au Sable River, Mich_________

Ausable River, N. Y__________

Ausable River, West Branch,

N. Y_______________._

Bad River, Wis_________-_-__

Barge Canal, N. Y.___________

Beaver Bay River, Minn_____

Beaver River, N. Y__.________

Big Chazy River, N. Y________

Black River canal, N. Y_______

Black River, East Branch, Ohio_ 

Black River, N. Y________ 

Black River, Ohio________

Blanchard River, Ohio________

Boardman River, Mich_ _______

Bog River, N. Y________ 

Boquet River, N. Y.__-______

Brule River, Minn__________

Brule River, Wis. (Tributary

to Lake Michigan) ______ 

Brule River, Wis. (Tributary

to Lake Superior)__________

Calumet River, Little, 111______

Canadice outlet, N. Y.________

Canaseraga Creek, N.Y____ 

Carp River, Mich________

Cascade River, Minn.________

Cass River, Mich _ 

Cattaragus Creek, N. Y_______

Cayuga Lake, N. Y_________

Champlain Lake, Vt_____ __

Chateaugay River, N. Y______

Chazy River, Big, N. Y_______

Chittenango Creek, N. Y______

Cloquet River, Mmn__________

Clyde River, Vt______________

Conesus Creek, N. Y__ ____

Conneaut Creek, Ohio____

Crockery Creek, Mich_________

Cuyahoga River, Ohio________

Dead River, Mich_______ _

Page

152

153

153

155

155

152

154

151

155

155

155

153

154

153

153

153

155

155

151

152

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154

154

152

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153

153

154

155

155

155

154

151

156

154

153

153

153

152

	Page

Deer River, N. Y________ 155

Devil Track River, Minn______ 151

Dog River, Vt._________ 156 

East Branch or Fork. See name

of main stream.

East Creek, Vt__ _ 155

Embarrass River, Wis _________ 152

Escanaba River, Mich________ 152

Fall Creek, N. Y_________ 154

Fawn River, Mich___.. ________ 152

Fish Creek, East Branch, N. Y_ 154

Fish Creek, West Branch, N. Y. 154

Flint River, Mich_________ 15S 

Fond du Lac River, East Branch,

Wis _-_.______________ 152

Fond du Lac River, West

Branch, Wis________ 152

Forestport feeder, N. Y_____ 155

Fox River, Wis________ 152

Genesee River, N. Y _______ 154

George, Lake, N. Y 155

Grand River, Mich_____ 153

Grand River, Ohio________ 15a

Green River, Vt______________ 15fr

Hemlock Lake, N. Y_______ 154

Honeoye Creek, N. Y____ 154

Huntington River, Vt _________ 156

Huron River, Mich_____ 15&

Iron River, Mich___,_________ 152

Jail Branch, Vt__......__-_ 155

Kalamazoo River, Mich 153

Keshequa Creek, N. Y____ 154

Lake Champlain, Vt__ 155

Lake George, N. Y_______ 155

Lake George outlet, N. Y__ 155

Lamoille River, Vt______ __ 156

Little Calumet River, IU__ 152

Little River, Vt------_-_ 156

Little Tonawanda Creek, N. Y_ 154

Little Wolf River, Wis___ _ _ 152

Mad River, Vt_____________ 156

Manistee River, Mich_ _____ 153

Maumee River, Ohio______ 15&

167
168 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1923, PART IV

Page

Menominee River, Mich., Wis__ 152 

Mettawee River, N. Y_ _______ 155

Miami and Erie Canal, Ohio___ 153 

Middle Branch or Fork. See

name of main stream. 

Milwaukee River, Wis_..____ 152

Missisquoi River, Vt_____..__ 156

Mollys Brook, Vt.___.______ 155

Montreal River, Mich_________ 152

Montreal River, West Branch,

Wis _________________ 152

Moose River, N. Y_________ 155

Moose River, Middle Branch,

N. ¥_-_-___-_-___--__-.__ 155 

Muskegon River, Mich. _______ 153

Niagara River, N. Y________ 154

Oconto River, Wis-_--___--___ 152 

Ohio Canal, Ohio.____ __ 153 

Ohio Canal feeder, Ohio______ 153

Oneida Creek, N. Y_______ 154 

Oneida River, N. Y___ ____ 154 

Onondaga Creek, West Branch,

N. Y___________________ 154

Onondaga Lake outlet, N. Y___ 154 

Ontonagon River, Mich_ ___.._ 152

Orwell Brook, N. Y_______ 154 

Oswegatchie River, N. Y______ 155

Oswegatchie River, East Branch

N. Y________._____ 155 

Oswegatchie River, West Branch

N. Y_______._____________ 155

Oswego River, N. Y________ 154

'Ottawa River, Ohio.__________ 153

Otter Creek, Vt_______ _ _ 155 

Owasco Lake outlet, N. Y_-___ 154 

Perch River, Mich ___________ 152

Peshtigo River, Wis__-__--___ 152 

Pike River, Wis____________ 152

Pine River, Wis_________ 152 

Poplar River, Minn__________ 151

Poultney River, Vt. _ ____ 155

	Page 

Raquette River, N. Y________ 155

Red Cedar River, Mich___ 153

Reeds Springs, Mich._._---_-. 153

Richelieu River, N. Y_ _ _ 155

Rifle River, Mich____ 153

St. Francis River, Quebec.____ 156

St. Joseph River, Ind._..___ 153

St. Joseph River, Mich________ 152

St. Louis River, Minn_____.___ 151

St. Mary's River, Ind_.____ 153

St. Regis River, N. Y...._..__ 155

Salmon River, N. Y._.__--_ 154

S^ndusky River, Ohio _________ 153

Saranac River, N. Y._________ 155

Seneca Lake, N. Y__.________ 154

Seneca River, N. Y_______ 154

Sheboygan River, Wis.__.__-. 152

Shiawassee River, Mich.______ ' 153

Skaneateles Lake and outlet,

N. Y._.___ __.__________ 154

Stevens Branch, Vt_ _ _______ 155

Sturgeon River, Mich_________ 152

Thunder Bay River, Mieh_____ 153

Tiffin River, Ohio.___________ 153

Tittabawassee River, Mich_-_. 153

Tonawanda Creek, Little, N. Y_ 154

Tonawanda Creek, N. Y-.__-._ 154

Waterbury River, Vt_____ 156

Waupaca River, Wis._________ 152

West Branch or Fork. See

name of main stream.

Whiteface River, Minn________ 151

Winooski River, Vt._ __________ 155

Winooski Biver, North Branch

Branch Vt_ _- _' 156 

Winooski River, Worcester

Branch, Vt___-._____.___ 156

Wolf River, Little, Wis _ _ __ 152

Wolf River, West Branch, Wis. 152

Wolf-River, Wis_________ 152
INDEX

Accuracy of data and results, degreesof 4-5 

Acre-foot, definition of. 2 

Amberg, Wis., Pike River at-- 14-15 

Amboy, Ohio, Conneaut Creek at___ .. 69-71 

Antwerp, Ohio, Maumee Kiver at__.- 42-43 

Appropriations, record of.. 1 

Areas and publications covered . 165 

Auburn, N. Y., Owasco Lake outlet near. 89-91 

Auglaize River near Defiance, Ohio__ . 50-51

near Fort Jennings, Ohio. ... 48-49 

Ausable Forks, N. Y., Ausable River at 127-128 

Ausable River at Ausable Forks, N. Y--_. 127-128

West Branch of, near Newman, N. Y... 125-127 

Au water-stage recorder, plate showing. _ _... 2

B

Barton, Mich., Huron River at_____-__ 40-41 

Beaver River at Eagle Falls, near Number

Four, N. Y__ . 107-109

at State dam, near Beaver River, N. Y. 105-106 

Beaver River Power Corporation and Northern New York Utilities (Inc.), 

' cooperati&n by.---.-.__...... 6

Berlin, Wis., Fox River at.. ________ 19-21

Black River at Watertown, N. Y..___:_ 95-97

East Branch of, at Elyria, Ohio...._... 58-59

near Boonville, N. Y.__________ 93-95 

Black River canal near Boonville, N. Y. _ 99-100 

Black River Regulating District, cooperation

by.-.___....... ........... 5-6

Blanchard River at Glandorf, Ohio ...--- __ 51-52

Bolton Landing, N. Y., Lake George near. _ 130

Boonville, N. Y., Black River canal near_ 99-100

Black River near _____________ 93-95

'Forestport feeder near.___.______ 97-98

Brasher Center, N. Y., St. Regis River at. 119-120

Brecksville, Ohio, Cuyahoga River at-.-__ 61-62

Ohio, Ohio Canal feeder at.-______ 64-65

Bridge measurement, typical gaging station

for, plate showing_________ 2 

Burlington, Vt., Lake Champlain at..___ 122

C

Cadys Falls, Vt., Lamoille River at- ___ 137-139 

Canadice Lake outlet near Hemlock, N. Y. . 89 

(banaseraga Creek near Dansville, N. Y_ __ 83-84 

Cattaraugus Creek at Versailles, N. Y...__ 71-72 

Charles T. Middlebrook, cooperation by.-.. 6 

Clyde River at West Derby, Vt - 143-144 

Commission for the Improvement of Oswegatchie River, cooperation by _....-. 6 

Computations, results of, accuracy of. 4-5 

ponesus Creek near Lakeville, N. Y___ _ 87-88 

Conneaut Creek at Amboy, Ohio. _ _ ___ 69-71 

Control, definition of ____.__-_____ 2-3 

Cooperation, record of _____. ______ 5-6

Page

Cranberry Lake, N. Y., East Branch of

Oswegatchie River at_____ 109-110

Crivitz, Wis., Peshtigo River near_ 16-17

Current meters, Price, plate showing...__. 2

Cuyahoga River at Brecksville, Ohio..__. 61-62

at Independence, Ohio.- - 62-64

at Old Portage, Ohio...___.____ 59-61

D

Dansville, N. Y., Canaseraga Creek near.... 83-84

Data, accuracy of-.-....- ... 4-5

explanation of. 3-4

Defiance, Ohio, Auglaize River near 50-51

E

East Barre, Vt., Jail Branch at__.___ 135-137 

Elyria, Ohio, East Branch of Black River at 58-59 

Embarrass River near Embarrass, Wis... 27-28

Fish Creek, East Branch of, at Taberg, N. Y.. 92-93 

Florence, Wis., Pine River near... . 12-13 

Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. Y... 97-98 

Fort Jennings, Ohio, Auglaize River near _ . 48-49 

Fox River at Berlin, Wis. __ . 19-21 

at Rapide Croche dam, near Wrightstown, Wis _ ...... __ . __ . __ 21-22

Freeland, Mich., Tittabawassee River at __ 39-40

G

Gaging stations, list of___ .................. 151-156

Gaging stations, typical, plates showing. .... 2

Garfleld, Vt., Green River at . 139-141 

Genesee River at Driving Park Avenue,

Rochester, N. Y-_.. __ . _ . _ 81-82 

at Jones Bridge, near Mount Morris,

N. Y.- 79-80

at St. Helena, N. Y. .................... 77-78

atScio,N.Y_ . - 75-76

Gile, Wis., West Branch of Montreal River at. 7-8 

Gillett, Wis., Obonto River near..--- _ . 18-19 

Glandorf, Ohio, Blanchard River at .. . . 51-52 

Grand River near Madison, Ohio __ . ___ . 67-69 

Green River at Garfleld, Vt- 139-141

Grosbach, H. E., work of -.. . 6 

Gurley water-stage reeorder, plate showing . - 2

H

Harrington, A. H., and assistants, work of-.- 6 

Harrisville, N. Y., West Branch of Oswegatchie River near.---- 115-116 

Hemlock , N . Y . , C anadice Lake outlet near _ - 89 

Heuvelton, N. Y., Oswegatchie River near. 113-114 

Horton, A. H., and assistant, work of 6 

Huron River at Barton, Mich.. . 40-41

169
170 INDEX

I Page

Illinois, cooperation by. - .._...__ 5

Independence, Ohio, Cuyaboga River at- __ 62-64

Ohio Canal at. 65-67

International Paper Co., cooperation by__ 6 

Iron Mountain, Mich., Menominee River

near_______________ 8-10

Jail Branch at East Barre, Vt--_ 135-137

K

Kalida, Ohio, Ottawa River at. _______ 145 

Keshena, Wis., Wolf River at.- .... . 23-24

Keshequa Creek at Craig Colony, Sonyea,

N. Y . 85-86

Koss, Mich., Menominee River below___ 10-11

Lake Champlain at Burlington, Vt_____ 122 

Lake Erie, streams tributary to_._....... 40-72

Lake George at Glen Island, near Bolton

Landing, N. Y.................. 130

at Rogers Rock, N. Y- ......._ . 129

Lake Huron, streams tributary to. _ 39-40 

Lake Michigan, streams tributary to..------ 8-38

Lake Ontario, streams tributary to...--__ 73-109 

Lake Superior, streams tributary to.____ 7-8 

Lakeville, N. Y., Conesus Creek near..__ 87-88 

Lamoille River at Cadys Falls, Vt--- 137-139 

Lee, Lasley, and assistants, work of-.- 6 

Linden, N. Y., Little Tonawanda Creek at.. 73-74 

Little Calumet River at Harvey, El........ 37-38

Little Tonawanda Creek at Linden, N. Y.. 73-74 

Little Wolf River at Royalten, Wis. - 29-30

M

Madison, Ohio, Grand River near_____ 67-69

Marshfield, Vt., Mollys Brook near. 133-134

Maumee River at Antwerp, Ohio__.__ 42-43

at Napoleon, Ohio__ ____.__. 145

at Waterville, Ohio________.___ 44-45

McKeever, N. Y., Moose River at_.__ 100-102

Menominee River at Twin Falls, near Iron

Mountain, Mich. ________ 8-10 

below Koss, Mich ____________ 10-11 

Mexico, Ohio, Sandusky River near...___ 56-57 

Miami and Erie Canal at Napoleon, Ohio_ 145 

at Watervffle, Ohio... __ . 53-54 

Milwaukee River near Milwaukee, Wis. . 35-36 

Missisquoi River near Richford, Vt.- . 141-142 

Mollys Brook near Marshfield, Vt..____ 133-134 

Montpelier & Barre Light & Power Co., cooperation by...._______.. 6 

Montpelier, Vt., Winooski River at. 131-132 

Montreal River, West Branch of, at Gile,

Wis.. . . 7-8

Moose River at McKeever, N. Y_____ 100-102

Middle Branch of, at Old Forge, N. Y. 103-105

at Moose River, N. Y.....__.____ 102-103

Mount Morris, N. Y., Genesee River near.. 79-£0

Mussey, O. D., work of...__________ 6

N

Napoleon, Ohio, Maumee River at_____ 145 

Miami and Erie Canal at________ 145

Page

New London, Wis., Wolf River at._ 25-26 

Newman, N. Y., West Branch of Ausable

River near..__________ 125-127 

Newport Electric Light Co., cooperation by. 6 

Newton Falls, N. Y., East Branch of Oswegatchie River at..__-...__ 111-112 

New York & Pennsylvania Co., cooperation

by 6

New York, cooperation by..........___.. 5

Number Four, N. Y., Beaver River near.. 107-109

O

Oconto River near Gillett, Wis________ 18-19 

Ohio Canal at Independence, Ohio __.. 65-67 

Ohio Canal feeder at Brecksville, Ohio__. 64-65 

Ohio, cooperation by. 5 

Old Forge, N. Y., Middle Branch of Moose

River at. ,. 103-105 

Old Portage, Ohio, Cuyahoga River at ..-. 59-61 

Oswegatchie River, East Branch of, at Cranberry Lake, N. Y.... .. 109-110

at Newton Falls, N. Y............. 111-112

near Heuvelton, N. Y. ....*..__... 113-114

West Branch of, near Harrisville, N. Y- 115-116 

Ottawa River at Kalida, Ohio________ '145 

Owasco Lake outlet near Auburn, N. Y__. 89-91

Peshtigo River at High Falls, near Crivitz,

Wis. . ._..__...... 16-17

Pierce, C. H., and assistants, work of____ 6 

Piercefleld, N. Y., Raquette River at . _ 117-118 

Pike River at Amberg, Wis...... 14-15

Pine River near Florence, Wis... 12-13 

Plattsburg Gas & Electric Co., cooperation by 6 

Plattsburg, N. Y., Saranac River near__ 123-125 

Price current meters, plate showing _. 3 

Publications, information concerning......147-151,

157-164

obtaining or consulting of_ ... 148 

on stream flow, list of .... 149

R

Raquette River at Piercefleld, N. Y........ 117-118

Richelieu River at Fort Montgomery, Rouses

Point, N. Y .... 121

Richford, Vt., Missisquoi River near 141-142 

Rochester Gas & EleQtric Corporation, cooperation by. _ 5 

Rochester, N. Y., cooperation by. 5 

Genesee River at_ -..._ .- 81-82 

Rogers Rock, N. Y., Lake George at _. 129 

Rouses Point, N. Y., Richelieu River at_. 121 

Royalton, Wis., Little Wolf River at ... 29-30 

Run-off in inches, definition of 2

8

St. Helena, N. Y., Genesee River at 77-78

St. Lawrence River,streams tributary to.. 109-144

St. Regis River at Brasher center, N. Y 119-120

Sandusky River at Tiffin, Ohio. 145

near Mexico, Ohio.. 56-57

near Upper Sandusky, Ohio . .. 54-56

Saranac River near Plattsburg, N. Y 123-125

Scio, N. Y., Genesee River at.... 75-76

Second-feet, definition of _._ 2
INDEX 171

Page

Second-feet per square mile, definition of._ 2 

Sheboygan River near Sheboygan, Wis__ 33-34 

Sonyea, N. Y., Keshequa Creek at..____ 85-86 

Soule, 8. B., and assistants, work of____ 6 

Stage-discharge relation, definition of_.__ 2 

Stevens water-stage recorder, plate showing. 2 

Stream-gaging stations and publications relating to water resources, information concerning. .... 147-164 

Streams on which gaging stations have been

maintained, list of. ...____ 167 

Stryker, Ohio, Tiffin River near ____ 46-47

Taberg, N. Y., East Branch of Fish Creek at. 92-93 

Terms, definition of . - 2-3 

Tiffin, Ohio, Sandusky River at. ____ 145 

Tiffin River near Stryker, Ohio_.____. 46-47 

Tittabawassee River at Freeland, Mien__ 39-40

U

United States Engineer Corps, cooperation

by....... .........-..-.... 6

Upper Sandusky, Ohio, Sandusky River near 54-56 

U-tica Gas & Electric Co., cooperation by... 5

V Page

Vermont, cooperation by....... .- 6

Versailles, N. Y., Cattaraugus Creek at 71-72

W

Wading measurement, typical gaging station

for, plate showing... . 2 

Water-stage recorders, plate showing. .. 2 

Watertown, N. Y., Black River at.......... 95-97

Waterville, Ohio, Maumee River at 44-45

Miami and Erie Canal at 53-54 

Waupaca River near Waupaca, Wis .. 31-32 

West Derby, Vt., Clyde River at... - 143-144 

WinoosM River at Montpelier, Vt .._ 131-132 

Wisconsin, cooperation by 6 

Wolf River at Keshena, Wis 23-24

at New London, Wis . 25-26 

Work, authorization of 1

division of____.... 6

scope of....___... 1-2 

Wrightstown, Wis., Fox River near .... 21-22

Zero flow, point of, definition of. ...... 8

o